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[ "< EOT > “ it was done within five days .", "the recording dates were set pretty quickly after we decided to hit the studio so we had no time to work on the songs or think a lot about details , but we wanted it just that way .", "chris from who can you trust ?", "records was down with us again and we just had to do it .", "“ evoke ” is basically a collection of our heaviest riffs we jammed in our rehearsal room and it ’ s raw .", "it was recorded without a click track because let ’ s be honest , life won ’ t play to a steady beat either .", "we also didn ’ t do any of the usual post production fancy stuff because that ’ s just not us .", "some of them songs were written in a hellish atmosphere , during the summer and some of them during the frosty days of a vienna winter .", "i think you can hear that difference on the album pretty well .", "we entered the mighty halls of elephant west studios , with lady sabina sloth on the throne , chugged down some beers and just played all together in one room .", "we are more than excited about the result and the artwork , which was crafted by none other than adam burke .", "so sit back and turn your speakers all the way up until your whole neighborhood joins you for a drink .", "enjoy the sounds of evoke .", "” oakland , california quartet planes of satori is not one of those bands .", "sure , they ’ re largely informed by the rhythmic repetitions and mechanical mantras of what was happening in germany during the late 1960s .", "but listen to their impressive debut album for who can you trust ?", "records and you ’ ll understand why the band refers to their sound as “ psychedelic afro - kraut ” .", "they ’ re also equally steeped in the soulful grooves of ethiopian jazz as well as the zambian psych - punk of bands like orchestre poly - rythmo de cotonou dahomey and witch ( we intend to cause havoc ) .", "“ the party plane takes off again !", "this time ( in it ’ s 3rd edition ) ‘ sweet times ’ flies high through europe and america .", "fasten your seatbelts , ’ cause who can you trust ?", "records welcomes you aboard to this trip filled with punk , rock ‘ n ’ roll and a good amount of psychedelics !", "this 7 ” catapults you far higher than your average flight with co - pilots such as death alley , wild honey , sonic love affair and pastor .", "again , please fasten your seatbelts since the entire flight will be one hell of a ride !", "” who can you trust ?", "records | official site .", "but it ’ s not always easy to translate a band ’ s live performance to tape .", "lucky for true disciples of rock ‘ n ’ roll , there is who can you trust ?", "records .", "the good people at this label have somehow tapped into a vein of rich analog ore . these recordings yield music captured with the intimate and immediate presence of going out to experience a memorable live performance .", "here , lamar surrounds himself with his most trusted collaborators – producers who have worked with him since his 2009 ep ( sounwave ) , his 2011 debut lp section .", "80 ( terrace martin ) and his 2012 breakthrough good kid , m . a . a . d city ( dj dahi ) .", "but , of course , it & apos ; s notable that this marks his first collaboration with rihanna .", "while interpolating a jay z line from 2000 & apos ; s dynasty : the roc familia ( \" it & apos ; s a secret society , all we ask is trust \" ) , they rap - sing meditations about how , despite a dollar bill reading \" in god we trust , \" the rest of society chooses money first .", "your privacy is important to us and we will never share your contact details with anyone else .", "you can read our privacy policy on this page .", "you can update your preferences or unsubscribe at any time via one of our email communications or by getting in touch via our contact form .", "swift ’ s own “ brutus ” could stand as a symbol for all who have publicly wronged her .", "however , the blatant hurt and shock the phrase derives from makes it likely it was someone incredibly close to her – possibly calvin harris , who accused swift ’ s team of leaking a rumor that she co - wrote “ this is what you came for ” during his twitter rant , or tom hiddleston , who some sources say was making their romance more public than swift preferred , perhaps for personal gain . \"", "love \" features additional vocals from kid capri , who punctures the track & apos ; s calm surface with another boisterous interjection – \" another world premiere ! \"", "– and zacari , who previously contributed to other projects on tde from isaiah rashad and ab - soul .", "in an interview with pitchfork , zacari described \" love \" as \" a whole new genre . \"", "\" this song , this beat , the singing , the rapping – i don ’ t think it can really be compared to another song , \" zicari continued . \"", "it & apos ; s a whole new wave . \"", "\" this what god feels like , \" sings kendrick in a free , ecstatic voice .", "the glitchy , 8 - bit laptop blasts come courtesy of illinois producer cardo , who has known lamar since 2010 ; manhattan beach & apos ; s ricci riera , who worked on lamar & apos ; s \" m . a . a . d . city \" ; and tde in - house producers sounwave and dj dahi .", "by the second verse , lamar has begun rapping again : \" seen it all , done it all , felt pain , more / for the cause , i done poured blood on sword . \"", "yung exclusive , who co - produced travis $ cott and lamar & apos ; s 2016 hit \" goosebumps , \" and mike hector also claim that they worked on the track .", "but neither appears in the official credits .", "in the week leading up to the track ’ s release , swift cleared all previous social media presence and released three videos of a snake ’ s tail , body , and head ; most considered this a reference to her widespread reputation as a “ snake .", "” she then revealed the album title and cover , and announced the release dates for both the album and the single .", "last night , the world & apos ; s most vital , critically acclaimed rapper , kendrick lamar , dropped his fourth studio album , damn .", "initial reactions suggest that like all his work , the 14 - track lp is both pointed and intimate , this time a mix of scathing treatises on the media mixed with lamar & apos ; s celebrated knack for personal reflection .", "here & apos ; s a guide to understanding the album & apos ; s producers , songwriters , guests and key themes .", "in 2015 , dahi spoke with rolling stone about working in the studio with lamar on music that ultimately ended up being shelved . \"", "he was trying to describe his album – & apos ; i want this song to be this color , & apos ; \" dahi remembered . \"", "it was like [ the color of ] fire , green leaves burning in the fire .", "it didn & apos ; t fit the album , but hopefully , people will hear it one day .", "i still listen to it and i & apos ; m like , & apos ; man , we & apos ; ve got to do something with this .", "this shit is incredible .", "& apos ; \" blake produced \" element \" along with sounwave and ricci riera .", "riera has worked with lamar before in an oblique manner : he is credited as a producer on \" collard greens , \" a schoolboy q song that features a guest verse from lamar .", "last year , riera & apos ; s name also appeared on albums from drake and travis scott .", "when lamar shared the album artwork for damn .", "this week , riera announced his involvement with the lp on twitter : \" proud to be a part of this , \" he wrote .", "kendrick is aided by an energetic intro from the famous dj kid capri , who defined new york mixtapes in the early nineties . \"", "love , \" a spacious ballad that wouldn & apos ; t be out of place on a rihanna album , is perhaps the most conventional moment on damn .", "lamar , a master of unusual , idiosyncratic flows , chooses to adopt a sing - song , pop - radio - friendly delivery to fit the gentle swells of the instrumental .", "the top 40 appeal of this track is no accident : one of the producers and writers here is greg kurstin , who has helped adele , kelly clarkson and katy perry storm the charts . \"", "i know the walls , they can listen , i wish they could talk back , \" kendrick muses .", "it & apos ; s lyrical callback to to pimp a butterfly & apos ; s \" these walls , \" revisiting the same subject matter – how pride prevents us from finding world peace .", "the slow - building , psychedelic epic features ominous vocals by both newcomer steve lacy ( the internet & apos ; s ego death , j . cole & apos ; s \" folding clothes \" ) and hypnotic songwriter anna wise , who also appeared on \" these walls . \"", "hear about our work , campaigns and how you can support our mission to bring life - changing music therapy to as many people as possible .", "sounwave , an in - house producer for lamar & apos ; s label , top dawg entainment , helped put together the \" yah \" beat .", "in the past , he & apos ; s worked on some of lamar & apos ; s most vigorous songs , including \" king kunta \" and \" alright . \"", "sounwave had help on this one from dj dahi , a versatile producer who helped craft fizzy tracks like drake & apos ; s \" worst behavior \" and schoolboy q & apos ; s \" hell of a night . \"", "with those credits , you might expect a sounwave and dahi collaboration to be searing and urgent , but the two ended up making a lax , understated beat .", "the new ragged barracudas 12 ” vinyl split lp with pushy is a prime example of this lightning - in - a - bottle effect .", "listening to the ‘ cudas ’ sinister cave dweller ’ s dirge “ burning ” feels like you ’ re a few feet away from the stage they ’ re playing on .", "similarly , when the slow - burning “ tables turn ” begins to heat up like an old vacuum tube , there ’ s a palpable sensation that a longhaired trio of punks from cleveland , ohio have arrived from the late ‘ 70s to rehearse in your living room .", "you ’ ve never heard a wah pedal sound this threatening before .", "while you were already resigned to walk home after the party was over you now got the magical chance to just head to the next one and continue your trip on sweet times lane .", "julius caesar ’ s supposed famous last words , “ et tu , brute ?", "“ – a latin phrase meaning “ even you , brutus ?", "” or \" you too , brutus ?", "” – are engraved on the arm of swift ’ s golden throne in the music video .", "caesar spoke the words when he recognized his friend marcus brutus , one of the leaders in the conspiracy against him , at the moment of his assassination .", "the phrase is used to express surprise and dismay at the treachery of a supposed friend .", "according to billboard , taylor swift ’ s “ look what you made me do ” jumps from # 77 to # 1 on the billboard hot 100 , selling 353 , 000 copies .", "“ look ” also launches with the top weekly download sales this year in the week ending aug . 31 , as it starts at no .", "1 on the digital song sales chart .", "with its 77 - 1 vault on the hot 100 , “ look ” makes the fifth - greatest leap to no .", "1 of all - time .", "kelly clarkson ’ s “ my life would suck without you ” leads with its 97 - 1 surge ( feb . 7 , 2009 ) .", "swift has now topped the hot 100 with the first single from each of her last three albums .", "with round , textured notes from the grammy - winning bass virtuoso thundercat and a rickety , rim - shot drum pulse , \" feel \" nods to the live - musician inflections of to pimp a butterfly – or the sixth track from last year & apos ; s untitled unmastered .", "in a jarring shift after the chest - thumping \" element , \" lamar & apos ; s nerves are frayed here , and his patience is wearing thin : \" the world is ending , i & apos ; m done pretendin & apos ; / and fuck you if you get offended / i feel like friends been overrated / i feel like the family been fakin & apos ; . \"", "the song includes a mid - song energy shift where lamar suddenly lunges forward like weary boxer finding a second wind .", "sounwave produced \" feel \" and helped lamar write it . \"", "kendrick really trusts my ear , \" the producer explained in 2015 . \"", "… when you & apos ; ve been around somebody so much , you kind of understand what they like . \"", "when the itunes credits revealed that rock icons u2 would appear on damn , some wondered whether producer mike will made it was sampling the band or if the rapper was actually working with them .", "it & apos ; s not a fake - out : shortly after the midpoint of \" xxx , \" larry mullen jr . & apos ; s familiar military - style drum rolls come in , we hear bono & apos ; s voice , and the edge lays out a mournful piano riff akin to the band & apos ; s classic \" new year & apos ; s day . \"", "\" it & apos ; s not a place / to me this country is a sound , \" bono sings .", "the effect isn & apos ; t jarring , reminiscent of rod stewart & apos ; s appearance on a $ ap rocky & apos ; s 2015 single \" everyday . \"", "meanwhile , lamar continues with a stinging criticism of america & apos ; s treatment of people of color . \"", "it & apos ; s nasty when you roll the dice and set us up then batter & apos ; s up / you overnight the big rifles then tell fox to be scared of us , \" he raps .", "we may use your e - mail address to send you the newsletter and offers that may interest you , on behalf of rolling stone and its partners .", "for more information please read our privacy policy listen to kendrick lamar ' s new album ' damn . '", "featuring rihanna , u2 \" dna \" is the first of three damn .", "beats from mike will made it , the producer behind beyoncé & apos ; s \" formation \" and rae sremmurd & apos ; s \" black beatles , \" among other hits .", "he brings a touch to the album that & apos ; s both radio - ready and street - level booming .", "lamar recently contributed to mike will & apos ; s recent ransom 2 mixtape , appearing alongside rae sremmurd and gucci mane on \" perfect pint . \"", "lamar received a little bit of backlash for skewering instagram beauty standards on this , the album & apos ; s first single .", "the track , produced by mike will made it , is currently the number two song in the country .", "earlier this month , 9th wonder reminisced to djbooth .", "net about how a relatively unknown kendrick tweeted at him in august 2010 . he didn & apos ; t respond , but coincidentally met lamar at rock the bells in san bernardino the next day .", "the two eventually paired up ( alongside murs and warren g ) for \" enjoy ( west coastin & apos ; ) , \" a track on 9th & apos ; s 2011 production showcase the wonder years .", "however , collaboration \" duckworth \" is a more substantial outing .", "it kicks off with kid capri & apos ; s voice again , shouting , \" just remember what happens on earth stays on earth !", "we & apos ; re going to put it in reverse ! \"", "then lamar weaves an incredible story of how tde co - founder anthony \" top dawg \" tiffith , in an earlier life as a career criminal , nearly shot lamar & apos ; s father during a robbery .", "if kenny duckworth had died and top had been imprisoned , he would never had found and nurtured kendrick into international fame as the best mc of his era .", "paying homage is an appropriate way for lamar to end an intimate , spiritually powerful album .", "listen to kendrick lamar ' s new album ' damn . '", "featuring rihanna , u2 “ the once fruitful rock ‘ n ’ roll city of san francisco is now a barren womb , fraught with the lasting effects of technological herpes .", "thankfully a polyp known as banquet has formed and is screeching for freedom from the womb ’ s clutches .", "with dual ripping lead guitars , howling vocals and a rhythm section that can make a pregnant woman ’ s water break .", "” not since can ’ s damo suzuki has a frontman sounded as dangerously unpredictable as alejandro magaña .", "raze regal is one of those guitar players whose skills are so otherworldly ; he ’ s always getting sweated by local musicians to join more bands .", "at its foundation , planes of satori boast a well - oiled rhythm section so equally tight and loose , they could very well lure ginger baker out of his misanthropic kingdom .", "” – eric shea , hot lunch not for the first time , swift uses a voicemail message interlude in song .", "“ i ’ m sorry , the old taylor can ’ t come to the phone right now / cause she ’ s dead !", "“ she plainly states .", "as the reverberating crescendo builds and ever more delicious is the wickedness of swift ’ s menacing protagonist , we must ask , do we really miss her ?", "the people whose lives we change rely on your donations .", "even £ 3 a month can pay for musical instruments we need for our therapy sessions .", "the career of \" fear \" producer alchemist dates back to the mid - nineties and an unheralded stint in the whooliganz ( alongside future actor scott caan ) .", "thanks to mentoring from cypress hill producer dj muggs , he & apos ; s been cranking out sample - heavy bangers ever since , including schoolboy q & apos ; s 2014 hit \" break the bank . \"", "kendrick & apos ; s opening words are spun backwards before he lets out a handful of \" i & apos ; ll beat your ass \" threats .", "by the third verse , he & apos ; s rapping , \" when i was 27 , i grew accustomed to more fear / accumulated 10 times over throughout the years . \"", "whether it & apos ; s being scared of falling off and returning to section 8 housing , or simply being judged by others , lamar sounds haunted by the feeling : \" fear – what happens on earth stays on earth / and i can & apos ; t take these feelings with me so hopefully they disperse . \"", "the lead single from the highly anticipated follow - up to 1989 takes shots at several unnamed rivals , who most fans suspect to be kanye west , kim kardashian west , and katy perry — see this video for more .", "the song ’ s themes are of revenge and rebirth into a smarter , stronger person .", "it sees swift move in a new sonic direction , incorporating electropop and an unexpected interpolation of the 90s hit “ i ’ m too sexy ” on the chorus .", "however , as usa today chronicled , the track received negative reviews from publications such as spin , pitchfork , and the guardian , who variously characterized the song as “ un - nuanced , ” a “ hard , cheerless left turn , ” and borrowing from superior inspirations .", "[ when we wrote the song ] she came over to my house .", "we hung out and wrote the song .", "[ … ] we just , were kinda , like , messing around and cooked up all these different ideas together .", "i love working with people , and i ’ m blessed to work with people who are always moving forward .", "music is for everyone , and every day we use music therapy to change the lives of vulnerable and isolated people across the uk .", "we ’ re a charity – and we need your help to keep going .", "please support us to bring life - changing music to those who need it .", "this short intro ends with an excerpt from fox news personalities eric bolling and kimberly guilfoyle dismissing lamar the day after he performed at the 2016 grammy awards .", "additional vocals and production on \" blood \" are credited to bekon , a . k . a . dr . dre collaborator daniel \" danny keyz \" tannenbaum , who appears multiple times on the lp .", "the simple , vicious loop at the center of \" dna \" sets the musical tone for damn .", "– a marked contrast with the elaborate , shape - shifting instrumentals that were common on to pimp a butterfly .", "fox news appears again as a punching bag .", "this time the track contains a snippet from another talking head , geraldo rivera , who condemned hip - hop during the same segment sampled in \" blood . \"", "\" this is why i say that hip - hop has done more damage to young african - americans than racism in recent years , \" rivera says .", "lamar responded to these comments during a conversation with tmz . \"", "hip - hop is not the problem , \" the rapper asserted . \"", "our reality is the problem of the situation . \"", "\" element \" milks a contrast between blistering drums and discordant shards of piano .", "james blake , who specializes in a morose brand of soul , helped write and produce the track .", "he has quietly become a go - to collaborator for the stars – last year the english singer appeared as a featured vocalist on beyoncé & apos ; s lemonade and a producer on frank ocean & apos ; s blonde . \"", "lust \" is produced in part by badbadnotgood , an instrumental jazz - funk outfit from toronto that frequently records with rappers like ghostface killah , earl sweatshirt and freddie gibbs .", "kaytranada , an in - demand producer known for mixing house music with neo - soul , appears here in an unusual role – instead of crafting a beat , he & apos ; s a contributing vocalist .", "kamasi washington , the acclaimed jazz saxophonist who also played on to pimp a butterfly , assisted with string arrangements .", "this is the type music you only want to listen to on your record player … nowhere else .", "” “ sometimes you have to bring the outside inside .", "on the song ’ s first full day of airplay friday ( aug . 25 ) , it was the most - played and most - heard song across all u . s . terrestrial radio stations monitored by nielsen music .", "on friday , “ look ” garnered 4 , 228 plays .", "the first day of airplay for “ look what you made me do ” benefited from hourly play across an array of radio stations . \"", "since “ look what you made me do ” officially arrived at 12am et friday , none of its sales and streams counted for august 29th , 2017 ’ s chart , which is set to fully be revealed tomorrow .", "its hot 100 position was entirely based on its first three days of radio play , with it ’ s first week charting at # 77 . look what you made me do by scott bradlee ' s postmodern jukebox ( ft . kenton chen ) all of our therapists are trained by nordoff robbins .", "our internationally renowned masters degree programme is validated by goldsmiths , university of london , and will teach you how to change lives through music .", "“ emerging from the same musical underground that spawned the classic acid blues rock of orange sunshine , a new generation on the rise is bringing us the first offering of supersonic blues , a young band from the hague , holland .", "inspired by the late 60s / early 70s blues , funk and soul , there ’ s no doubt they had to take the shortest and best way into the halls of motorwolf studios , the hague , led by guy tavares of orange sunshine / motorwolf records .", "what came out is a debut of old school garage blues and fuzzy acid rock in it ’ s perfect tonal and physical form !", "edition of 400 copies on black vinyl .", "the city of portland , oregon should award pushy for bringing boogie back .", "this is the kind of boogie that sticks to your denim flares like hot oil leaking from a ’ 59 panhead engine .", "in a realm where riff - rock has painted itself into a darkened corner of pentatonic predictability , pushy dare to swing and strut like half their musical dna is the result from being the illegitimate sons of billy gibbons and peter green .", "the other half of their stylistic compound sounds rooted in a lifestyle where slugging iced cans of schlitz from a faded red cooler while trolling for rainbow trout is the base foundation of a good day .", "diming the volume on “ salem man ” through some big wooden speakers is almost as good as going out to see this timeless and talented quartet of hard and heavy boogie - rock lifers .", "drop the needle , turn up the volume and bring the outside inside .", "” edition of 500 copies on black vinyl .", "* cover art by adam burke .", "edition of 500 copies on black vinyl .", "* cover art by clint baechle .", "edition of 500 copies on black vinyl .", "* front and folder art by adam burke / back cover by christian dräger .", "new z - flex edit feat .", "banquet !", "including members of buffalo tooth and poor sons .", "edition of 500 copies on black vinyl .", "* artwork by roy g . biv “ it ’ s not rare to find modern day bands inspired by that golden era of late 1960s and early 1970s krautrock luminaries .", "cosmopolitan cities like san francisco and brooklyn are rife with musicians tangled in the patch cords of yesteryear ’ s analog synth wizardry .", "there was even a time in the early 2000s when it was common to stumble upon a group of young , hip , ding - dongs decked out in red shirts and black ties , a - la kraftwerk ’ s 1978 opus the man - machine .", "including members of golden void and parchman farm , voices and cousins .", "edition of 500 copies on black vinyl .", "create a free website or blog at wordpress .", "com .", "check @ genius for updates .", "we ' ll have things fixed soon .", "a short preview of the music video was aired on good morning america the morning of the song ’ s release ; the clip was later posted to swift ’ s social media accounts and official site .", "the full video premiered during the mtv video music awards on august 27th , 2017 — check out the analysis here !", "the video made both vevo and youtube history , amassing the most views within 24 hours in history on both platforms .", "according to the song ’ s official credits , the chorus is a deliberate interpolation of the hook from right said fred ’ s 1991 hit “ i ’ m too sexy , ” which was originally written as a rock song but was reinvented as a dance pop track and peaked at # 2 in their native uk , while reaching # 1 around the world including the us , australia , and canada .", "the song was written as a satirical look at the fashion industry and inspired by the time the fairbrass brothers spent running a gym where they observed “ lots of narcissism and posing .", "” this connects with taylor ’ s shots at contemporary paparazzi and gossip culture , a central theme on reputation .", "the song received a very polarizing critical reception .", "los angeles times writer randy lewis found that the track was a breath of fresh air .", "swift and antonoff blow past the production clichés of clap tracks and hiccuped syllabic hooks that have proliferated across top 40 fare in recent years with boldly inventive textures and fresh melodic , rhythmic and sonic accents .", "musically , the track is constantly shifting , a manifestation of the myriad conflicting and conflicted emotional states expressed in the lyrics .", "the telegraph writer sarah carson enjoyed the persona - shift and swift ’ s portrayal of herself as a “ villain .", "” variety writer chris willman praised the track ’ s darker musical tone and the “ i ’ m too sexy ” interpolation on the chorus .", "it ’ s part of the cleverness of the song that the tune ’ s pre - chorus seems to be building up to something big , only to drop into something so flatly stated , steely - eyed , and subwoofer - based .", "the feud with katy perry started over backup dancers — read more here .", "the feud with kanye west started at the 2009 mtv video music awards , when kanye interrupted taylor ’ s speech and claimed she didn ’ t deserve her award , and was reignited in 2016 over lyrics from kanye ’ s controversial track “ famous ” — read more here .", "yes !", "the lyric video broke a youtube record for views on a lyric video within 24 hours , amassing over nineteen million views .", "the song itself broke a spotify record , being streamed over eight million times in its first 24 hours on the service .", "the music video broke the vevo record for most views in 24 hours , and later broke the youtube record for the same thing .", "better watch out remix by mt2 .", "1 ( ft . sr city ) © 2017 genius media group inc . © 2011 nordoff robbins music therapy - a non - profit making company limited by guarantee ( trading as nordoff robbins ) .", "registered in england no .", "1514616 . registered charity no .", "280960 . registered office : 2 lissenden gardens , london nw5 1pq .", "physical cd - $ 15 .", "00 usd digital download - $ 15 .", "00 usd 6 . power to redeem feat .", "all sons & daughters email : store @ centricitymusic .", "com phone : 615 .", "499 .", "6734 copyright © 2017 , lauren daigle online store .", "powered by shopify kendrick lamar ' s ' damn . '", ": a track - by - track guide - rolling stone kendrick lamar ' s ' damn . '", ": a track - by - track guide bono on how u2 ' s ' songs of experience ' evolved , taking . . . adam sandler , ben stiller spar in ' meyerowitz stories ' . . . linkin park ' s mike shinoda talks chester bennington . . . kendrick lamar ' s ' damn . '", ": a track - by - track guide read our rundown of the producers , songwriters , guests and key themes on kendrick lamar ' s new lp , ' damn . '", "also : the ' fate of the furious ' soundtrack , actress ' ' azd , ' spoek mathambo ' s ' mzansi beat code ' and more .", "lamar continues to joust with fox on \" yah , \" calling out the network and rivera by name . \"", "fox news wanna use my name for percentage , \" the rapper asserts . \"", "somebody tell geraldo this nigga got some ambition . \"", "on \" lust , \" lamar toggles between different narrative threads .", "he & apos ; s overwhelmed by sexual desire during the chorus , describes banal day - to - day activities during the first verse and , by the second verse , turns his attention to the rise of president trump . \"", "lookin & apos ; for confirmation , hopin & apos ; election wasn & apos ; t true , \" lamar raps . \"", "all of us worried , all of us buried , and the feeling & apos ; s deep / none of us married to his proposal , make us feel cheap . \"", "kendrick lamar enlists rihanna , u2 for new lp & apos ; damn .", "& apos ; watch here .", "sign up for our newsletter to receive breaking news directly in your inbox .", "please enable javascript to sign up for the newsletter .", "ranked on a scale from 1 to 10 , the trending score reflects the number of users reading a story in real time .", "bono on how u2 ' s ' songs of experience ' . . . adam sandler , ben stiller spar in ' meyerowitz . . . linkin park ' s mike shinoda talks chester . . . hillary clinton recalls encounter with . . . <EOS>" ]

[ [ "reception", "a brother who ' s into blues , a brother who ' s into technology , and a sister ( no relation ) who sings so kind and calm there ' s a temptation to brand her bland . believe me , that ' s just her soul talking . . . . always thoughtful , often sad , rarely neurotic , never scary . . . - rating : a - ( village voice , 15 april 1997 ) . . . saved from portishead comparisons mainly by their fondness for guitars . their laid - baack beats and gentle , smoky tunes are enhanced by ry cooder - ish slide , funky wah - wah , and other simple guitar flourishes , as well as a reappearing hammond organ and some occasional strings . . . ( musician , 1 february 1997 ) recommended - . . . best to say they take up where trip hop leaves off , picking up at its outer reaches and taking it way , way off into the indian ocean . . . . a strange and bitter brew indeed . ( melody maker , 6 april 1996 ) . . . skye edwards operates with an understated purr that sounds like sade filtered through portishead . . . . [ she ] has enough hypnotic charms and charisma to counter the dangers of techno - riff overkill . - rating : b + ( entertainment weekly , 8 november 1996 ) 4 stars ( out of 5 ) - . . . for those coming late to morcheeba , the limited - edition set is the ideal introduction . ( q , 1 may 1999 )" ] ]

[ "< EOT > ” celebrity ” ” if i wasn ’ t a celebrity / would you be so nice to me ?", "” they grumble on this whirring rodney jerkins - produced thumper .", "about a year ago , i predicted that the teen boom would end when its practitioners started writing their own material .", "let me revise that : it will end when they start writing their own material about how hard it is to be rich and famous .", "grade : c + it & apos ; s not a totally radical departure : much of celebrity merely ups the ante on no strings attached & apos ; s tentative attempts to integrate techno into their r & b pop .", "with its pac - man theme and dance - y squeaks , \" the game is over \" echoes the sounds and sentiments of the last album & apos ; s edgiest cuts .", "producer brian mcknight stands in for richard marx on \" selfish \" ; the neptunes and rodney jerkins take teddy riley & apos ; s place on \" girlfriend \" and the title track .", "swedish teen - pop - factory kingpin max martin and pupils contribute \" tell me , tell me . . . baby \" and \" just don & apos ; t tell me that , \" and it doesn & apos ; t take a psychic to guess that they sound like every great britney - backstreet - & apos ; n sync smash , even if their contradictory titles cry out for a psychologist to tell us what they mean .", "although they & apos ; ve always flashed perkier smiles and danced more enthusiastically than that other boy band , & apos ; n sync ultimately set themselves apart with the anxiety in their voices .", "where their peers have become unflatteringly self - assured , jc chasez and particularly justin timberlake grow progressively more distressed .", "michael jackson went through a similar transformation when he went solo , and much of celebrity shares that icon & apos ; s popularity - bred defensiveness and fear of lecherous love .", "it & apos ; s a drag to hear rich superstars lash out at anonymous gold diggers , and those attacks temper the nervous thrills of \" see right through you \" and other cutting cuts .", "but the feistiness also suits the album & apos ; s jumpier , faster grooves .", "underground club - music hero brian \" bt \" transeau goes overground with timberlake for the beat - driven first single , \" pop , \" and unsung remixers riprock & apos ; n & apos ; alex g go even further with chasez on \" the two of us \" and \" up against the wall . \"", "the smooth - and - schizo two - step dance beats on those tracks are a perfect fit for & apos ; n sync & apos ; s fearful joy .", "along with nelly furtado and mandy moore , & apos ; n sync are paving a new high road for teen pop & apos ; s future .", "who else will join them ?", "what ’ s a maturing boy band to do ?", "if you ’ re the backstreet boys , it ’ s sadly , painfully obvious : loathe yourselves .", "as we saw at this year ’ s super bowl , where they sullenly crooned the national anthem , the boys are in a slump , and last year ’ s soggy black & blue reflected it ( case in point : aj mclean ’ s recent behind - the - music moment ) .", "for their arch - rivals ‘ n sync , who seemed thrilled to be onstage at the halftime super bowl show , the answer is diversify , diversify , diversify .", "either to show off their eclectic tastes or to ensure that they have a future on one radio format or another , ‘ n sync have stuffed celebrity with as many genres as there are songs .", "so let ’ s analyze this pivotal — for them — album , cut by cut : ” gone ” yet another example of the band grabbing the reins of their own music , this timberlake - robson cut has the sparest production so far : a basic thump , some flamenco guitar , a jab of strings , a ghostly whisper of a chorus , and a trembling - vibrato delivery recalling off the wall .", "no wonder jacko supposedly wanted it for his upcoming album .", "then again , maybe he shouldn ’ t bother finishing it : celebrity might as well be the next michael jackson record .", "grade : b - which , come to think of it , is the average grade for the whole album .", "celebrity may be the consummate teen - pop experience : it has the r & b swipes , the ballads , the grasps at artistic self - expression , and the requisite europop .", "on it , ‘ n sync are both puppets and puppet masters .", "even if it all crumbles ( the muted reception to ” pop ” is ominous ) , they ’ ll go down swinging .", "as the backstreet boys are proving , there are more troubling fates for boy bands .", "the first was a series of mathematical symbols that led social media users to guess that the name of the new album would be \" ÷ ( divide ) . \"", "this would make a whole lot of sense given that his first album was called \" + ( plus ) \" and his second album was named \" x ( multiply ) .", "sensing a trend ?", "across social media , many have questioned why swift would need to make a ups commercial in order to promote her new album .", "in addition to the november 10 reputation album launch , swift is preparing for another tour to promote the album .", "musicians at the center of multimillion - dollar machines have two choices : ensure that the g & apos ; s keep coming in no matter what it does to their art and souls , or repay the public with the gift of genuine inspiration .", "there & apos ; s little doubt & apos ; nsync were assembled for profit , and that obviousness has paradoxically set up a struggle in the members & apos ; psyches to prove themselves as more than quickie cash - in artists .", "no strings attached answered that yearning with a juiced - up version of their debut & apos ; s scandinavian - grown pop , but celebrity goes several steps further outside the proven boy - band sphere .", "© copyright celebrity insider all rights reserved .", "latest entertainment news | top celebrity news , hollywood headlines | etcanada .", "com especially when it ’ s new music from lady gaga , who quickly established herself as one of pop ’ s most thrilling entities when she arrived in 2008 with an arsenal of out - of - this - world outfits .", "but when the singer returns with her fifth lp , joanne , on oct . 21 , she ’ ll be experimenting with something totally new : normality .", "drawing on rock and country influences , she ’ s now penning heartfelt lyrics about relationships and family .", "it ’ s just the latest evolution for one of pop ’ s most unpredictable stars , who has recently explored everything from jazz ( the tony bennett duets album cheek to cheek ) to television ( a golden globe - winning stint on american horror story : hotel ) .", "but for an artist who staked her career on flashy pop anthems with a warholian sensibility , this is a risky move — especially considering her last solo album , 2013 ’ s polarizing artpop , was a critical disappointment .", "in october , chand said he had a conversation with actor maulik pancholy — a member of whiaapi ’ s president advisory commission — about producing a song titled “ act to change ” for the campaign .", "when chand shared a rough cut of the song with pancholy and rebecca lee — the communications director for the initiative — they wanted to take it a step further and create a full album .", "the album took just 30 days to produce , according to chand .", "of course , twitter is already teeming with excitement and praise for damn , the 29 - year - old ' s fourth studio album — and that includes the celebrities who are as obsessed with the rapper as any of his fans .", "chloë grace moretz tweeted , \" oh @ kendricklamar make me feel some type of way . \"", "rihanna , who is featured on \" loyalty , \" instagrammed the album cover .", "orange is the new black star uzo aduba put her feelings poetically ( \" kendrick lamar is the truth \" ) , while wale took the blunter route ( \" kendrick fucked it up # damn \" ) .", "and naya rivera appears to be a happy listener as well .", "“ the 1d man ’ s much - anticipated album , released on spotify early this morning , is a self - consciously serious and grown - up effort … this album won ’ t change your life — but it might change your opinion of styles .", "” jidenna came back to the woodies stage for round two , performing \" helicopters \" from his latest album , followed by desiigner ' s epic rendition of \" outlet \" — marching band and all .", "the chainsmokers were our big winner of the night , taking home woodie of the year , just before our host rick ross took to the stage to perform \" i think she like me \" and rep his new album , \" rather you than me . \"", "” the game is over ” their troubles continue — this time , at the hands of a woman who dispenses ” lies .", "” lesson of the album so far : it ’ s not easy being a guy , even if you ’ re in ‘ n sync .", "the music is pure playstation pop — it even samples pac - man — but they sure know how to sink their pearly teeth into a po ’ d chorus .", "grade : b ” something like you ” another hallmark of the boy - band era : the squishy ballad with drooling - puppy harmonies and lyrics ( ” you must be heaven - sent , i swear ” ) .", "should have been banished to a 98 [ degrees ] album .", "grade : d originally conceived to honor artists and track sound recording sales , gold & platinum awards have come to stand as a benchmark of success for any artist — whether they ’ ve just released their first song or greatest hits album .", "mark ronson can count on one hand the number of hours he ’ s slept in the past week .", "he ’ s been scrambling to put the finishing touches on lady gaga ’ s new album — re - doing background vocals , recording with a live band , mixing and mastering the songs .", "“ this is what happens during crunch time , ” he tells ew on a recent september evening .", "“ i imagine it ’ s the sort of mayhem that surrounds the finishing of the life of pablo or something .", "” rest is not on the horizon — after leaving the studio , he ’ s flying to london for a gig — but he ’ s running on fumes .", "“ when the music is really great , you ’ re excited all the time , ” he says .", "if the thought of gaga making an entire album with the “ uptown funk !", "” guy sounds weird , it shouldn ’ t — ronson and gaga actually go way back .", "they first crossed paths in 2009 , when the rapper wale , who was signed to ronson ’ s allido records , collaborated with the then - rising pop star on his song “ chillin .", "” “ it just felt very familiar from the start , ” ronson says .", "“ we both grew up in new york 10 blocks from each other .", "i ’ m older , but you do all the same sh – : drink beer out of paper bags on museum steps .", "she was like anyone i could have been friends with growing up .", "” once the record started taking shape , ronson brought in what he calls his “ extended musical family , ” including producer emile haynie ( lana del rey ) and kevin parker of australian psych - rock outfit tame impala .", "the latter dropped by with an unfinished demo he had titled “ illusion , ” which evolved into the album ’ s first single , “ perfect illusion .", "” “ we all sat down and gaga just started flying with the lyrics and melodies , ” ronson says of the song ’ s creation .", "both of the tweets have the same mysterious blue background , which fans believe must be the album cover .", "but we ' ll have to wait a few days to find out for sure !", "the stand - up veteran tells people while announcing the upcoming release of his fifth album , cinco , by comedy dynamics , that he and wife jeannie gaffigan have made comedy an important part of their children ’ s lives .", "as always , the couple worked together on jim ’ s latest special , with jeannie serving as co - writer , director and executive producer of cinco .", "she also joins jim on the commentary that accompanies each track of the upcoming album – which people is exclusively previewing .", "adds jim , “ it ’ s interesting because , my 12 - year - old and an 11 - year - old , they ’ re at the age where some of their friends are really into stand up .", "and because i ’ m not filthy or anything like that , it ends up being the type of album that their parents would let them listen to .", "” the cinco album will be released on cd , itunes , apple music , google play , spotify and other digital audio retailers on june 13th .", "it is currently available for pre - order on itunes .", "sammy chand , maulik pancholy , rebecca lee , and raoul juneja with the \" # acttochange \" album at the fast forward 2060 event .", "courtesy of whiaapi it ’ s that statistic that convinced chand to partner with the white house initiative on asian americans and pacific islanders ( whiaapi ) to produce an album against bullying titled \" # acttochange \" after the initiative ’ s anti - bullying campaign .", "“ for a long time , bullying was treated as an unavoidable part of growing up , but more and more , we ’ re seeing how harmful it can be for our kids , especially when it follows them from their school to their phone , to their computer screen , ” president barack obama says on the album ’ s opening track .", "maulik pancholy discussing the \" # acttochange \" album at fast forward 2060 event in washington , d . c . courtesy of whiaapi “ i was playing basketball and it was a big game for the ivy league , and in the middle of the game , i remember the other team calling me a chink , ” lin says on the album .", "“ i remember at the time i was getting really upset and it took me out of my game and we ended up losing by a lot and i remember in that instance , i allowed their negative energy to really spiral me out of control .", "” chand said while the project was intended for the act to change movement and fast forward 2060 , the album coming after the results of this year ’ s presidential election is a coincidence that makes its message even more powerful .", "honoured to be included in this album # acttochange in collab w / the @ whitehouse # aapi anti - bullying initiative !", "https : / / t . co / rqnoks4xsh chand said that the three things he hopes to see accomplished with the album are for adults to realize that bullying is a problem and approach it in a more sensitive and compassionate way , for educational institutions to understand the kind of environment they should create for their students , and to ultimately change the power roles of the bully and the person being bullied .", "as many of you already know taylor swift ’ s new album reputation drops on november 10 , 2017 , by big machine records , but it just might be ups that delivers the cd to your local retailer .", "swift and ups have entered a partnership that includes a contest where the grand prize winner can land tickets to see taylor in concert , enjoy a makeover experience and have airfare , dinner and hotel costs covered .", "other contest winners will get reputation merchandise and autographed memorabilia .", "ups vans will spread the word of taylor ’ s much anticipated and long - awaited sixth album by driving vehicles with her banner emblazoned on the side .", "excited to be the official delivery partner of taylor swift ’ s new album !", "look for # taylorswiftdelivery trucks : https : / / t . co / 1hg8ox1xwu pic .", "twitter .", "com / thnrhieet7 “ we ’ re financing [ the album ] ourselves on a shoestring budget , ” pratt said .", "“ it ’ s so organic .", "and this is just the warm - up .", "we ’ re just heating up the water in the bathtub .", "it ’ s gonna get hot !", "” kendrick lamar set the internet ablaze thursday night when he dropped his new album damn .", "the rapper ' s followup to 2016 critical darling and commercial smash - hit , to pimp a butterfly , consists of 14 tracks of pure kendrick awesomeness .", "several songs feature genius collaborations , ranging from the natural fit ( rihanna ) to the totally unexpected ( u2 ) .", "but whether or not the album ' s references are a good or bad thing is up to you .", "it ’ s one of 2017 ’ s most highly - anticipated releases , and harry styles ’ debut solo album is now upon us .", "seven ( seven ! )", "years after coming into the spotlight as one fifth of one direction , the group ’ s most enigmatic member has now released his self - titled album , having already topped the uk chart with lead single , ‘ sign of the times ’ .", "well , as we already knew , the album contains multiple throwbacks to artists like queen , the rolling stones and elton john , though critics are divided about whether this is a bold and admirable move , or a cover for showing us the real harry styles .", "here ’ s what the reviewers had to say about the album . . . “ harry ’ s soft - rock fetish won ’ t surprise fans of one direction gems like ‘ olivia ’ or ‘ stockholm syndrome ’ , but this is the first time we ’ ve heard sweet baby styles run with it for a whole album .", "“ and when you have that many people talking about you , that many column inches and gossip writers try to dissect your life like a school science project … that ’ s quite a feat for a debut album .", "” “ not all the album ’ s musical homages work : styles is desperately ill - equipped for the rock ’ n ’ roll raunch of ‘ only angel ’ and the glammy ‘ kiwi ’ .", "alas , his voice sounds no more like rod stewart than it does rod hull , while the lyrics are a torrent of hoary pub - band cliches that suggest his heart isn ’ t really in it … “ they ’ ve fused the sophisticated penmanship of los angeles storyteller warren zevon to motley crew ’ s sunset strip swagger , throwing in some eagles and elton john for good measure .", "‘ harry styles ’ is not , by any measure , an album that sounds like 2017 – one direction ’ s fans have grown up , and wisely , harry ’ s music has too .", "“ the way that styles and his producers … have assembled such a wide array of throwback music references , from 20 , 30 , 40 years ago , gives the album an air of precociousness that only highlights the youth of its front man .", "“ there ’ s more than thwarted love out there in the world for a young man to explore .", "‘ harry styles ’ the album gives us modest hope that harry styles the artist will find all that too , someday .", "and , more important , make it his own .", "” “ if [ the album ] was a colour , it would be the baby blue of jimi hendrix ’ s fender stratocaster or the soft pink of mick jagger ’ s suit when he performed on “ top of the pops ” in 1971 . it ’ s rock and it ’ s roll , but it ’ s also soft and sensitive . . . “ unlike robbie williams and justin timberlake before him , there ’ s a deepened millennial sensibility to being a leading man .", "harry is a sensitive soul ; a post - drake phenomenon ; a serious pop performer with enviable vocal chops and a gifted ability to convey a song ’ s emotional heft .", "he oozes class , ease and a sense of import without thrusting forth from the hips , or wreaking of a self - satisfied sense of boyband emancipation .", "both respectful of his past and nervous for his future , “ harry styles , ” the album , looks both ways .", "” stefani is collaborating with target to produce the video ( directed by wondros ’ grammy - award winner sophie muller ) for the song , which is off her upcoming album this is what the truth feels like , out march 18 ( an exclusive target deluxe edition featuring four bonus tracks is now available for pre - order on target .", "com ) .", "and perhaps we ’ ll get to hear a couple love songs about her new relationship on her new album ( which the country singer said would be “ guaranteed greatness ” ) ?", "“ # writingsongsaboutacowboy , ” stefani wrote in a series of flirty tweets between her and shelton .", "katy perry | witness .", "the album .", "the tour bono on how u2 ' s ' songs of experience ' evolved , taking . . . see jason isbell ' s haunting ' if we were vampires ' on . . . hear howard stern read marilyn manson ' s biting texts to . . . sign up for our newsletter to receive breaking news directly in your inbox .", "please enable javascript to sign up for the newsletter .", "we may use your e - mail address to send you the newsletter and offers that may interest you , on behalf of rolling stone and its partners .", "for more information please read our privacy policy ranked on a scale from 1 to 10 , the trending score reflects the number of users reading a story in real time .", "bono on how u2 ' s ' songs of experience ' . . . see jason isbell ' s haunting ' if we were . . . hear howard stern read marilyn manson ' s . . . foo fighters ' frustrated ' after fans turned . . . copyright © 2017 time inc . all rights reserved .", "reproduction in whole or in part without permission is prohibited .", "” pop ” the disc opens with a jolt of jittery pop - techno , and there ’ s an undeniable oomph when those bustling beats kick in on the chorus .", "but it ’ s producer brian transeau , a . k . a . bt , and not cowriters justin timberlake and wade robson ( a . k . a . the band ’ s choreographer ) , who is clearly the hero .", "the paranoid lyrics , in which they congratulate themselves for ” the gift of melody , ” are obvious at best , self - glorifying at worst .", "still , the single ’ s blend of beats and bad attitude should have michael jackson very worried .", "grade : b + ” girlfriend ” timberlake puts the moves on a young thing by giving her the old ” i ’ m better than him ” line ; jacko ’ s heyday is again invoked by the chunky - funky groove , courtesy of in - demand producers the neptunes .", "bonus point : the song is far less obsequious than the faux - r & b moments of no strings attached .", "grade : b ” the two of us ” picture yourself with a ” lucy in the sky with diamonds ” riff fused with happy - face two - step — and then made trite by lovestruck lyrics ( ” i ’ m thinkin ’ ’ bout you day and night / and i just can ’ t get you off my mind ” ) .", "grade : b - ” tell me , tell me … baby ” europop craftsman max martin returns with his ellipses ( ” baby … one more time ” ) , and not a moment too soon .", "assembled in sweden , this is a fallback in case the experiments fail , but as fallbacks go , it ’ s a good one .", "grade : b ” up against the wall ” jc chasez , the most adventurous member when it comes to both music and hair , dips deeper into two - step .", "the beats zigzag like mad , matching the lyric about cruising a club at night and doing , well , something against a wall with an enticing female .", "first reaction : who ’ d have thunk it ?", "second reaction : what exactly do the blond one , the chunky one , and the one with the goofy broom - handle hair do in this band ?", "grade : a ” see right through you ” the third consecutive dance cut , this one another tale of betrayal by scheming girls .", "timberlake ’ s huffy , teeth - clenched delivery is , again , vintage jackson .", "as for the lyrics : ” does he freak you the way that i do ?", "” — well , jc , you ’ re no rick james .", "grade : b ” selfish ” target : the adult - contemporary market .", "ammo : producer brian mcknight , soppy lyrics , and the dusting off of the croon , a boy - band staple .", "the backstreet boys could take this to a higher plane ; ‘ n sync settle for competence .", "grade : b ” just don ’ t tell me that ” like ” tell me … , ” this , too , feels like a leftover ace of base track that one of their team of swedish producers stuck in the mail .", "that doesn ’ t make it any less propulsive .", "grade : a - ” do your thing ” mild electronica , willowy vocals — they ’ ve now morphed into janet jackson .", "pleasant filler and nothing more .", "grade : b thanks for signing up for our newsletter !", "check your email to verify your signup .", "please enable javascript to view the comments powered by disqus .", "all products featured were editorially selected .", "ew .", "com may receive a percentage of sales for items purchased from these links .", "copyright © 2017 time inc . all rights reserved .", "reproduction in whole or in part without permission is prohibited .", "sorry , your blog cannot share posts by email .", "riaa ’ s historic gold ® & platinum ® program defines success in the recorded music industry .", "french montana unforgettable ( feat .", "swae lee ) september 8 , 2017 epic single title : unforgettable ( feat .", "swae lee ) the recording industry association of america ® ( riaa ) is the trade organization that supports and promotes the creative and financial vitality of the major music companies .", "its members comprise the most vibrant record industry in the world , investing in great artists to help them reach their potential and connect to their fans .", "nearly 85 % of all legitimate recorded music produced and sold in the united states is created , manufactured or distributed by riaa members .", "eric clapton & b . b . king gorecki : symphony no .", "3 site map | search | terms of use | privacy | copyright 2005 - © aria - australian recording industry association ltd . all rights reserved .", "from managing artists to interviewing the top music industry executives – i share everything i learn to help you get started , get noticed and get signed .", "i ’ m learning a lot and so will you .", "copyright © 2017 time inc . all rights reserved .", "reproduction in whole or in part without permission is prohibited .", "still , gaga ’ s confidants say the new music will quiet any doubts .", "“ whatever your preconceived notions are , the minute you meet her and see the piano or the guitar and see how real or legit she is , everyone is like , ‘ oh , f — , i want to give her the best song i ’ ve ever written , ' ” ronson says .", "the two ran into each other again last year , and a few months later gaga approached him about hitting the studio together .", "ronson was as surprised as anybody : “ of course you ’ re like , ‘ what kind of music would i make with somebody who has such a defined sound and personality ?", "’” once they got into the studio , however , any concern about what they ’ d create quickly disappeared .", "“ some of my favorite songs i ’ ve ever written came out in the first week , ” says ronson , who executive produced the set .", "“ it ’ s amazing , because you play three chords for her and all of a sudden she starts spouting off the most gorgeous melodies and catchy hooks you ’ ve ever heard .", "” other joanne guests include florence + the machine ’ s florence welch ( who duets with gaga on “ hey girl ” ) , father john misty ( who contributed to “ sinner ’ s prayer ” ) , and beck ( who came by the studio after ronson and gaga ran into him during a night out ) .", "gaga and ronson also called on producer bloodpop , best known for working on justin bieber ’ s “ sorry , ” to help polish the raw material .", "“ [ he ] was a really amazing change in the whole sound , ” ronson says .", "“ he took the stuff that we were writing that was all classic and took it to this wonderful modern place , adding beautiful arrangements and chords and wild strings .", "” one day , bloodpop was playing around with a vocal - sample melody that reminded ronson so much of his favorite rock band , queens of the stone age , that he wrote a letter to frontman josh homme inviting him to come hang out and maybe play on some songs .", "homme ended up co - producing several tracks in addition to playing guitar and drums .", "“ i don ’ t even know what we ’ ve done to deserve josh homme as our side axeman , ” ronson says .", "“ the things he does with a guitar , no one else can do .", "” perhaps the most unexpected creative force on joanne is nashville songwriter hillary lindsey , best known for co - penning little big town ’ s “ girl crush ” and carrie underwood ’ s “ jesus , take the wheel .", "” the two were introduced by aaron bay - schuck , an a & r executive at gaga ’ s label , after he heard early joanne material .", "“ aaron said [ gaga ] was really digging into writing some real , true songs about her life , ” says lindsey , who co - wrote three songs on joanne : “ a - yo , ” “ million reasons , ” and “ grigio girls .", "” though lindsey had previously written for pop stars like miley cyrus and shakira , getting a call about working with gaga left her speechless .", "“ i probably dropped my cell phone , ” she says .", "despite their radically different careers , finding common ground was easy .", "before they even started writing , gaga invited lindsey over just to hang out and get to know each other .", "“ lord , we would have gotten in a lot of trouble in high school together , ” lindsey says .", "sometimes the two bonded over glasses of wine at gaga ’ s home in l . a . and laughed like “ little schoolgirls .", "” other moments were more somber : when gaga played her the title track , named for the late aunt whose death deeply affected her family , the singer broke down on the couch .", "“ her mom cried and came over and put her arms around her , ” lindsey says .", "“ i started tearing up .", "” according to lindsey , gaga spoke candidly about her personal life — they first worked together in june , the month before gaga and boyfriend taylor kinney ended their engagement — and their conversations often directly inspired the music .", "“ she said so many things [ where ] i was like , ‘ that ’ s a song !", "’” lindsey says .", "“ and then she ’ d say something else , and i ’ d be like , ‘ that ’ s a song !", "that ’ s a song !", "’” the sessions for joanne were loose and informal — lindsey and gaga even wrote one song around her kitchen table while sharing a plate spaghetti .", "while lindsey played guitar , gaga hammered out lyrics on an old - school typewriter .", "“ she had [ the typewriter ] in l . a . and she also had it in the studio in new york , ” lindsey says .", "“ i don ’ t know if she ’ s got two or if it travels , but i absolutely loved that .", "” food was never in short supply , either .", "“ she ’ d be late to the studio and send me a text like , ‘ i ’ m so sorry , i ’ m just marinating the chicken !", "’” ronson recalls .", "“ most of my memories [ of making joanne ] are non - musical and warm of fuzzy , just her over the oven , dressed like a ‘ 50s girl from the ‘ leader of the pack ’ video , preparing breaded chicken .", "she took care of everybody .", "” that meant doing all the dishes as well : “ i was like , ‘ you know you don ’ t really have to do that .", "’” so far , the world seems ready to embrace the gaga - next - door .", "“ perfect illusion ” debuted at a solid no .", "15 on billboard ’ s hot 100 and has been well - received by radio .", "“ it was the most added record by a lot [ in its first week ] , ” says iheartmedia programming exec john ivey .", "“ she ’ s done a great job of reinventing , truthfully .", "” but while the song embraces guitars and left - field production , fans of gaga ’ s early songwriting should still find plenty to love on joanne too .", "“ it ’ s not by any means a rock record , ” says ronson .", "“ she loves her fans and all those people who supported her from the beginning .", "for her , it ’ s not about , ‘ f — them , i ’ m done with that , i want to do this now .", "’ in the studio , she ’ s always like , ‘ maybe we put that little fame monster hook in there .", "’ there ’ s definitely a lot of that in there .", "” lindsey agrees : “ if we are talking about the style of music , this record is not country by any stretch of the imagination , ” she says .", "“ it has some folk influences at times , maybe some acoustic guitar , but that doesn ’ t necessarily mean it ’ s country .", "” if anything , joanne will finally offer unprecedented and unfiltered access to the woman born stefani germanotta .", "“ i hope fans hear it for what it is : lady gaga speaking from the heart , ” lindsey says .", "“ she can show the world that she doesn ’ t need all the tricks .", "she can still grab you and have you in the palm of her hand .", "” a version of this story appears in this week ’ s issue of entertainment weekly — buy it here now .", "and subscribe for more exclusive interviews and photos , only in ew .", "thanks for signing up for our newsletter !", "check your email to verify your signup .", "please enable javascript to view the comments powered by disqus .", "1 taylor swift booted from no .", "1 as rapper cardi b makes chart history all products featured were editorially selected .", "ew .", "com may receive a percentage of sales for items purchased from these links .", "copyright © 2017 time inc . all rights reserved .", "reproduction in whole or in part without permission is prohibited .", "sorry , your blog cannot share posts by email .", "one of the very few good things that happened in the latter half of 2016 was ed sheeran returning to social media exactly a year after he quit with a very mysterious sky blue photo .", "now , he ' s already got 2017 off to a great start by announcing ( in his adorkable way ) that he ' ll be blessing the world with some new music on friday at midnight est .", "rather than give any specific details , ed continued to tease the details with cryptic tweets / instagram posts / facebook posts .", "the next was an interactive image of the words \" when i was six years old i broke my leg , \" which we figure has to be a song lyric .", "when i was six years old i broke my leg . . . a part of hearst digital media seventeen participates in various affiliate marketing programs , which means seventeen gets paid commissions on purchases made through our links to retailer sites .", "© 2017 hearst communications , inc . all rights reserved .", "copyright © 2017 time inc . all rights reserved .", "reproduction in whole or in part without permission is prohibited .", "though jim gaffigan may take the stage solo , the comedian insists cracking up audiences is a family affair .", "“ humor is of incredible value in our family , ” jim says .", "the 50 - year - old and jeannie share five kids : daughters marre and katie , and sons jack , michael , and patrick .", "“ our relationship has always been – ever since we first started dating – it ’ s been collaborative , ” jim explains .", "“ so we ’ ve always had this similar work ethic where we don ’ t really view it as a job .", "and it doesn ’ t happen in a set or even a scheduled time , it ’ s an ongoing discussion .", "” he adds , “ and having five young children it would be impossible to do that .", "you know , years ago we used to put the kids to bed and then we ’ d drink wine and talk about stand up , but those days are a fond memory .", "” as their kids grow up , jim says they ’ re starting to understand more and more what mom and dad do .", "“ my oldest is 12 , so i ’ m still holding on to her but i have an expectation that i ’ ll eventually lose all of them and none of them will think i ’ m funny , ” jim says , adding , however , “ [ home is ] definitely a funny environment .", "” in cinco – which is currently available to stream on netflix – jim hilariously touches on parenthood .", "he says , however , that all of his kids aren ’ t aware they sometimes feature heavily in his specials .", "“ they ’ re not watching my stand up – my younger ones , if you asked what i did , they would say , ‘ he works on his computer , ’ ” he explains .", "“ the three older ones , they know what i do .", "” “ i would say they ’ re definitely interested [ in entertainment ] , but specifically what aspect , i don ’ t know , ” he says .", "yet , the kids are already honing their sense of humor .", "jim shares , “ they ’ re figuring out sarcasm , but sometimes their sarcasm is just cruelty to me .", "” thanks for signing up for our newsletter !", "check your email to verify your signup .", "all products featured were editorially selected .", "people .", "com may receive a percentage of sales for items purchased from these links .", "copyright © 2017 time inc . all rights reserved .", "reproduction in whole or in part without permission is prohibited .", "sorry , your blog cannot share posts by email .", "since he was young , sammy chand had aspirations of a career in hip - hop and music production .", "but when he first started out , he faced resistance from both inside and outside his community , including racist comments that spurred the creation of his own music label , he told nbc news .", "“ even in my early ventures in the hip - hop scene , people didn ’ t like to see an indian kid rapping , ” chand , founder of rukus avenue , said .", "“ the social resistance to what i did was an impetus to starting my own platform , my own record label .", "i think these things can victimize you , but sometimes we can reach down deep and find it as a source of inspiration to move forward and succeed .", "” “ all the artists had songs — if it wasn ’ t directly to do with bullying — was still about self - empowerment and topics that us , as asian americans , have to grapple with when we ’ re living in america today .", "” chand is not the only one who has faced bullying at a young age .", "according to the department of justice , one in five students in 2013 reported being bullied while at school . \"", "# acttochange \" launched on dec . 7 in conjunction with the fast forward 2060 exhibit and event , which took place in washington d . c . and highlighted the asian - american community under the obama administration .", "it features 25 tracks of music and spoken word pieces from a compilation of artists and personalities , including surgeon general vivek murthy , singer - songwriter nadia ali , folk band run river north , actor george takei , and dia frampton , among others .", "chand said his involvement with whiaapi started last year , when he was invited to help organize and attend an act to change event in los angeles .", "“ being part of it , i was exposed to the movement of what was going on by the white house initiative and how they were supporting the specific act to change campaign , ” chand said .", "“ i remember sitting in the room thinking to myself ’ as a music executive , how can i contribute to this ?", "’ and sure , i ’ ve had a background in hip - hop and kind of started the indian hip - hop scene many years ago , and i knew this was something that if i was able to galvanize all these artists that i ’ ve known through the years and bring them together , it could be quite powerful .", "” “ i knew a lot of the artists for a very long time and was able to make a bunch of phone calls in the course of a few weeks and reach out to them , ” chand said .", "“ we were excited to get all the participation , and everyone involved was excited because it was a personal topic for them , and everybody had been affected by bullying and shared a story .", "” “ all the artists had songs — if it wasn ’ t directly to do with bullying — was still about self - empowerment and topics that us , as asian americans , have to grapple with when we ’ re living in america today , ” chand continued .", "celebrities who make an appearance include pancholy , who speaks about how growing up , he struggled coming to terms with being gay ; takei , who recounts how people perceived him and his family after being imprisoned in a japanese - american incarceration camp during world war ii ; and brooklyn nets point guard jeremy lin , who shares a story of when he was called a racial slur while playing college basketball .", "we ' re so honored to have our unreleased song \" from the heart \" on the # acttochange project , a collaboration with . . . https : / / t . co / eiketjcr6q “ since nov . 8 , we ’ ve noticed a spike in hate crimes and people being so rash with their very harmful opinions about other people , ” chand said .", "“ there couldn ’ t be a better time for our youth to have this record there and know that there are people out there are thinking about them and some amazing folks coming together addressing exactly what is going on in our community right now .", "” “ we picked songs that would fit that , and the song ’ act to change ' itself is really about that and how we need to change the connotation of bullying and cannot empower the kid that is doing the bully — it ’ s the bully who is the weaker one , and the one being bullied who holds the power , ” chand said .", "“ we really have to change that .", "” follow nbc asian america on facebook , twitter , instagram , and tumblr .", "there is a social media aspect behind the ups promotion and taylor swift fans who spot the ups trucks bearing the reputation banner are encouraged to start a viral promotion using the hashtag # taylorswiftdelivery and tagging @ ups in their social media posts .", "this isn ’ t the first time swift and ups have teamed together for a promotion , but some fans are finding the pairing a bit odd and are expressing their views about the newest ups / swift commercial on social media sites like twitter and facebook .", "you may see the commercial below .", "ups began rolling out the taylor swift branded trucks in nashville , tenessee on august 26 , 2017 . the trucks will be spotted nationwide and those who want to keep tabs on their whereabouts can follow ups on social media for updates .", "according to ups , those who take a picture of the truck , tag ups and hashtag it with # taylorswiftdelivery may get better dibs on upcoming concert tickets .", "latest video of taylor swift on ups commercial !", "pic .", "twitter .", "com / 3mkbm2qegl reaction to the taylor swift / ups trucks has been varied with some stating it ’ s a smart marketing campaign by the lucrative , 10 - time grammy winner .", "others have described the ups commercial as downright creepy .", "swift is using other creative and innovative marketing methods in order to promote her tour .", "those who visit taylor swift ’ s official website have the opportunity to sign up for a chance to get tickets when her tour kicks off .", "according to the site , swift wants to ensure that fans get their hands on her concert tickets and not scalpers or even bots .", "fans can sign up as a verified fan to ensure they have easy access to tickets when they go on sale .", "your email address will not be published .", "required fields are marked * bernice burgos lost t . i . because tiny keeps it spicy in the bedroom with hot lingerie cassandra young on bernice burgos posts mystic messages amid t . i and tiny reconciliation : “ when something is broken it could never be fixed ” bd on bernice burgos posts mystic messages amid t . i and tiny reconciliation : “ when something is broken it could never be fixed ” copyright © 2017 time inc . all rights reserved .", "reproduction in whole or in part without permission is prohibited .", "heidi montag took a break from her burgeoning pop career to celebrate valentine ’ s day with on - again boyfriend spencer pratt .", "the love - ’ em - or hate - ’ em couple spent the weekend frolicking – a la her “ higher ” video – around atlantic city at the borgata hotel casino & spa .", "the weekend was something of a prelude to pratt and montag ’ s getting back to business hyping heidi ’ s much - mocked music career .", "“ when people hear what we have in the bank , it ’ s gonna blow their minds , ” her manager - beau boasted .", "“ madonna , eat your heart out .", "britney spears , eat your heart out .", "i would say we have diamond records coming – they ’ re gonna sell 10 - million plus .", "” despite the critical reception of her first single , montag is set to record a follow - up next weekend .", "pratt , who directed “ higher , ” said he ’ s handing over the reins to paul “ coy ” allen , who helmed “ give it to me ” with justin timberlake , timbaland and nelly furtado .", "( not to worry pratt fans : he promised he ’ d also release his own alternate version . )", "as for their hot weekend at the borgata , the couple arrived friday night , in time for a decadent dinner at the bobby flay steakhouse , followed by a matchbox 20 concert – at which the two spent much of the show with their arms around each other .", "the following day , they hit the hotel spa for a couple ’ s massage , shopped at the whim boutique and made an appearance at club mur .", "mur .", "“ how do we keep romance alive ?", "” pratt mused to people .", "“ our lives are romantic all day long .", "with us , it ’ s 24 / 7 , always trying to keep each other happy .", "[ this is ] just another weekend to us .", "every day is valentine ’ s day in our relationship .", "” thanks for signing up for our newsletter !", "check your email to verify your signup .", "all products featured were editorially selected .", "people .", "com may receive a percentage of sales for items purchased from these links .", "copyright © 2017 time inc . all rights reserved .", "reproduction in whole or in part without permission is prohibited .", "sorry , your blog cannot share posts by email .", "photo : mediapunch / rex / shutterstock .", "our favorite reaction , though , has to be the one posted by sean diddy combs ( the artist formerly known as diddy / p . diddy / puff daddy / diddy / puffy / sean john ) . \"", "wow !", "!", "!", "!", "!", "!", "!", "# damn # damn # damn fire alot of great music out rt now !", "!", "!", "!", "@ revolttv go king kendrick lamar !", "!", "! \"", "for proper enjoyment , you should probably watch his accompanying video , too .", "perhaps the best way to sum up the collective reaction to damn .", "?", "daaayyumn .", "oh @ kendricklamar make me feel some type of way .", "https : / / t . co / zubiysvkth wow !", "!", "!", "!", "!", "!", "!", "# damn # damn # damn fire alot of great music out rt now !", "!", "!", "!", "@ revolttv go king kendrick lamar !", "!", "!", "pic .", "twitter .", "com / edpzcrwoiq me listening to this intro to @ kendricklamar 🔥🔥 pic .", "twitter .", "com / zqbg7c4lkm kendrick lamar is the truth .", "written by carolyn l . todd photo : mediapunch / rex / shutterstock .", "while swifties & barbz battle against her , cardi b . has won the war why taylor swift & nicki minaj stans are banning together to keep “ bodak yellow ” . . . by using our service , you agree to our terms ( effective 2 / 07 / 2017 ) and privacy ( effective 2 / 07 / 2017 ) .", "refinery29 name & logo and r29 logo are trademarks of refinery 29 inc . “ the songs he tipped in advance didn ’ t play coy about his old - school inspirations – the badfinger hook of ‘ ever since new york ’ , the ‘ blackbird ’ guitar of ‘ sweet creature ’ , the way ‘ sign of the times ’ tweaks queen and bowie in candelabra mode – yet they all sound like him , playful and tender in equal measure .", "” “ there ’ s been far too much pressure on the 23 - year - old to establish himself as ‘ the new bowie ’ or ‘ the new mick jagger ’ ( as if there could ever be such a thing ) , but what is immediately clear is that those two artists , among many others , have played a huge influence on the record .", "“ styles has opened himself up , as best he can , to his audience , and by gathering a solid team around him to help achieve that he ’ s created an immersive , well - produced collection of songs that isn ’ t trying to prove anything in particular to anyone .", "“ others , however , are really enjoyable : ‘ carolina ’ sets a guitar part borrowed from stealers wheel ’ s ‘ stuck in the middle with you ’ against a wall - eyed , beck - like vocal and seasick strings ; ‘ woman ’ , meanwhile , melds its ‘ bennie and the jets ’ piano and ‘ crocodile rock ’ backing vocals to a gauzy , echo - drenched , faintly psychedelic sound filled with retorts of fretless bass to brilliant effect .", "” “ if you were hoping for a big , contemporary , digital pop blockbuster machine - built to stage an assault on the global charts , prepare to be underwhelmed .", "“ what is on offer , instead , are lilting melodies and scattershot lyrics set to picked and strummed acoustic guitars , paddling piano chords , yearning slide guitar licks and fiddly - diddly lead solos , handclaps and yelps .", "it is all wrapped in loosely assembled backing vocals drenched in the kind of shimmering echo that would have given john lennon a head rush .", "it is perfectly lovely and about as substantial as ripples on the surface of a beverly hills swimming pool .", "” “ to his credit , instead of taking the obvious route , in which harry styles became a post - take that robbie williams , all silly gurns and stadium weepies , harry and his co - writers have instead been looking to the masters of 1970s and 80s classic rock .", "“ taking inspiration from the best seems to have paid dividends , but it doesn ’ t half make you wonder what the real harry styles sounds like .", "” “ granted , a precocious kid who wants to sound like stevie and elton and syd and lindsey and liam and noel and all the rest is a precocious kid with good taste , a precocious kid i wanna know .", "but it ’ s still pastiche , still a really well put - together school project .", "on ‘ harry styles ’ , harry styles shows he isn ’ t quite grown - up just yet .", "“ overall , it ’ s a great effort .", "it ’ s a definite departure from his one direction days , and each song holds a bit of a surprise for his fans .", "he ’ s clearly worked hard on the record , attempting to show case his solo skills and his deep love of a sound that takes him away from generic pop .", "“ in this world of computer - generated dance tracks dominating the charts , it ’ s a bold and brave move because this is entirely inspired by old - school rock classics .", "“ the 10 tracks are a bold mission statement from the 23 - year - old who seems to be saying : i am a real musician and don ’ t care if you play my song on the radio .", "” © 2017 oath inc . all rights reserved .", "copyright © 2017 time inc . all rights reserved .", "reproduction in whole or in part without permission is prohibited .", "not a fan of commercials ?", "gwen stefani might change your mind about that .", "the singer will create a live music video for her new single “ make me like you ” on television during a four - minute commercial break during the 58th annual grammy awards on feb . 15 , people confirms exclusively .", "“ target has an incredible legacy of creating unexpected moments in music , and i ’ m thrilled to be partnering with them to create my new music video on live television next monday , ” says stefani .", "adds jeff jones , evp and cmo of target : “ gwen is both a music and style icon , and someone target has had the fortune to work with on a number of occasions over the years .", "” it ’ s still to be seen if stefani , 46 , makes an appearance at the annual awards show , but we know she ’ ll be rooting for one guy in particular : her boyfriend blake shelton , who ’ s nominated this year in the best country duo / group performance category for his song “ lonely tonight .", "” this is big .", "i ’ m going to be in the first live music video on a # grammys commercial break with @ target !", "# moremusic pic .", "twitter .", "com / payg2npuw6 this is what the truth feels like … pic .", "twitter .", "com / 7cgiqlqv2t thanks for signing up for our newsletter !", "check your email to verify your signup .", "all products featured were editorially selected .", "people .", "com may receive a percentage of sales for items purchased from these links .", "copyright © 2017 time inc . all rights reserved .", "reproduction in whole or in part without permission is prohibited .", "sorry , your blog cannot share posts by email .", "it ' s jessie t usher vs . lamorne morris ep .", "11 - bonus : tiffany sabotages a . d . + moniece ' s relationship © 2017 viacom international inc . all rights reserved .", "vh1 and all related titles and logos are trademarks of viacom international inc . performancerick ross \" i think she like me / trap , trap , trap \" live performancerick ross performs \" i think she like me \" and \" trap , trap , trap \" live at the 2017 mtv woodies from sxsw in austin , texas .", "highlightthe chainsmokers win the 2017 woodie of the yearthe chainsmokers drop by to accept the 2016 woodie of the year .", "performancedesiigner \" outlet \" live performancedesiigner performs \" outlet \" live at the 2017 mtv woodies from sxsw in austin , texas .", "performancejidenna \" helicopters \" live performancejidenna performs \" helicopters \" live at the 2017 mtv woodies from sxsw in austin , texas .", "highlightwho does janelle monae cosign ?", "janelle and jidenna go way back to his early days in oakland , california , earning him her cosign .", "the 2017 mtv woodies may be over , but they won ' t soon be forgotten !", "rap legend rick ross got the party started , and introduced the show .", "first up was d . r . a . m , who joined forces with lil yachty to perform a major mash up of \" cash machine , \" \" one night \" and \" broccoli . \"", "starley lit up the stage with her latest single \" call on me \" just before khalid tore up his hits , \" let go \" and \" location . \"", "plus , we ' re still buzzing from epic festival performances by muna , pvris , young m . a . and bibi bourelly , lil yachty and d . r . a . m . who kicked things off before the main show !", "to catch everything you might have missed , tune into the full episode here .", "© 2017 viacom international inc . all rights reserved .", "mtv and all related titles and logos are trademarks of viacom international inc . nicolas cage gives emotional speech thanking u . s . coast guard for hurricane relief efforts © corus entertainment inc . , 2017 all rights reserved .", "<EOS>" ]

[ [ "critical reception", "celebrity received generally positive reviews from contemporary music critics . at metacritic , which assigns a normalised rating out of 100 to reviews from mainstream critics , the album received an average score of 65 based on 11 reviews . upon the album ' s release , allmusic senior editor , stephen thomas erlewine , gave the album 4 . 5 stars out of 5 , writing that celebrity is nsync ' s \" most varied album yet , but the emergence of timberlake and chasez as credible soulful singers and , yes , songwriters makes it their best album yet , and one of the best of the teen pop boom of 1999 - 2001 \" ." ], [ "background", "at the 2000 billboard music awards on december 5 , 2000 , nsync announced that they would begin \" experimenting with new music \" for their fourth studio album in january 2001 at a recording studio in their native florida . justin timberlake revealed that they plan to spend two months there to \" see what [ they ] can come up with \" , while joey fatone stated that the group may \" move out of state \" as the project progresses . nsync revealed that they while they plan to do more songwriting and producing for the album , they hope to work with kevin \" she ' kspere \" briggs and richard marx , who had collaborated with them on their third studio album , no strings attached ( 2000 ) . fatone said that working with marx was \" such a cool feeling \" , as the singer was someone that he had listened to when he was younger and \" looked up to \" . the group sought to express more creative control on the album than they did with their previous work . as such , the album features more songwriting and production from the group ' s members than any of their previous albums ." ], [ "promotion", "a television special entitled the road to celebrity was broadcast on mtv from july 21 to 22 , 2001 . the album spawned three singles : \" pop \" , \" gone \" and \" girlfriend \" . which peaked at numbers nineteen , eleven and five on the billboard hot 100 respectively . the band embarked on two tours to promote the album . the first one was popodyssey , which began in may 2001 and concluded in september . earning over $ 90 million , it was one of the biggest tours of 2001 . the second tour was the celebrity tour , which began in march 2002 and concluded in april . it earned nearly $ 30 million ." ], [ "commercial performance", "in the united states , celebrity debuted at number one on the billboard 200 . although it did not sell as much as its predecessor , celebrity still managed to gain the second - best debut - week sales at the time since soundscan began monitoring record retailers in 1991 , selling 1 , 879 , 955 copies . on august 22 , 2001 , the album was certified five - time platinum by the recording industry association of america ( riaa ) , denoting five million shipments . the album also debuted at number one in canada by selling 71 , 245 copies ." ] ]

[ "< EOT > it ' s the hash browns where the waffle house really shines .", "the waffle house hash browns come six ways : traditional ; scattered & smothered ( onions ) ; scattered , smothered & covered ( onions and melted cheese ) ; scattered , smothered , covered & chunked ( onions , cheese and ham ) ; scattered , smothered , covered , chunked & topped ( onions , cheese , ham & chili ; scattered , smothered , covered , chunked , topped & diced ( onions , cheese , ham , chili and diced tomatoes ) .", "this winter , noisecreep had the privilege and pleasure to watch unsane perform a one off show at union pool .", "great and rare shows are one of the few benefits of being a new yorker .", "this summer , residents of maryland , ontario , ohio , illinois , wisconsin and minnesota will have the same advantage when unsane visits their cities and plays ‘ scattered , smothered and covered ’ in its entirety .", "having done a ton of touring we ended up late night in a lot of waffle houses .", "one night we were joking around and thought it would be a funny name for an album ( obviously suffering from roadburn ) .", "we also thought that it sounded strangely like the mo of some serial killer .", "we thought about calling the album ‘ scattered , smothered , covered , chunked , diced , peppered , capped and topped , ’ but thought it best to keep it simple .", "‘ scattered , smothered and covered ’ also includes ‘ scrape ’ — the song with the music video that earned the band a spot in mtv ’ s top ten funniest videos .", "do you still get laughs watching that video ?", "i think the main reason would be that it was the only album that was released by amrep and we ’ re doing their anniversary show at the end of august in minneapolis .", "we wanted to do one of our older albums , so it was kind of a choice between ‘ occupational hazard ’ and ‘ scattered .", "’ we were trying to decide between the two when the amrep show kinda made the decision for us .", "i ’ m really looking forward to doing it .", "i personally have wanted to do this ever since ‘ scattered ’ came out .", "8 - bit video game feat .", "metallica , slayer , megadeth and anthrax they are bringing along keelhaul and pigs for the party , too .", "all this good news got noisecreep so excited we had to ask frontman chris spencer a bunch of questions about the band , his dog and playing amphetamine reptiles ’ 25th anniversary show .", "your shows are fun for everyone .", "it ’ s like recess for adults .", "how do you guys get anything done at practice ?", "practice is usually fun for us .", "it ’ s great to get together with two of my best friends and hang out and play , but it ’ s also a real endurance test .", "playing music with the intensity level of the stuff we do can be really rough if you ’ re not up for beating on yourself almost to the point of blacking out .", "a lot of practice is to get ourselves prepared to go through a sort of catharsis every night .", "playing live is full on , so you have to be able to take it .", "it ’ s always been like that , thank god .", "strange that you would ask about my dog .", "jake ’ s good .", "he ’ s had two toes cut off one of his back leg and one off the front because of some weird cyst thing that ’ s been going on .", "we now call him ‘ ole two toe .", "’ he ’ s somewhere in his mid 90s ( in dog years ) , so he ’ s not as fast as he used to be , but he ’ s still the best guy ever .", "honestly , i never get tired of watching that video .", "it came from just sitting around with my friend thomas campbell ( who had offered to maybe work on a video for us ) watching a skate video , and saying to him , “ can we make a video where everyone bites it with maybe only around six seconds of the band ?", "” he was into it , went with us for a few shows to shoot some live footage , and when we got back from tour had it done .", "if i remember correctly , for $ 169 . we were shocked !", "he did an amazing job !", "one of the funniest things i saw from that vid was being in first avenue in minneapolis and watching a giant club full of people see it on the big screen .", "you could literally hear the moans of people whenever a guy got hurt .", "it was fun to be on there talking to guys like matt pinfield ( he ’ s actually very nice ) and seeing the video on there , but we were definitely the black sheep .", "it was really strange to see something like janet jackson being played after ‘ scrape .", "’ i ’ m really looking forward to seeing vaz , melvins and boss hog , although i ’ m really looking forward to seeing all the people that worked with and for amrep .", "it ’ s been a long time , and it ’ s gonna be good to see everyone .", "you get to see keelhaul and today is the day four times in a row .", "i ’ m so jealous .", "who set that up ?", "did you call up steve austin and say , “ hey dude , let ’ s play a couple shows together ?", "” no , it ’ s not quite like that .", "we ’ ve obviously known the guys from keelhaul and steve austin for a really long time , and done a lot of touring together , but our friends at action !", "got that together for us .", "i guess i could have called , but they set this whole thing up .", "i ’ m really glad we ’ re playing with them .", "i believe the last tour unsane did was three years ago for ‘ visqueen ’ .", "what has prevented the band from touring more frequently ?", "or has that been a conscious decision ( to only tour when the time is right ) ?", "we have all been doing our own thing for a while .", "dave has been playing in a band called pigs , vinny has been playing with a few different bands ( a storm of light , fear factory ) and i started a band in berlin called celan with niko from oxbow and ari meyers .", "me and ari also did the soundtrack for a french horror flick called ‘ la meute ’ that ’ s coming out in september .", "i think it ’ s good to take a break from something that you ’ ve done for so long .", "it has really reaffirmed how much i love playing in a band with dave and vinny .", "we had just flown into belgium for the dour festival and had no idea what to expect .", "we were driven to the back of a tent and started to get our stuff together ( string changing , drum stuff , etc .", ") .", "we had no time to actually look around and see what the situation was out front .", "we get onstage , they open the curtain , and we ’ re looking at somewhere around 20 thousand people freaking out !", "we start playing and vinny accidentally hits himself in the brow with a stick as i get whacked in the bridge of the nose with a tuning peg .", "we ’ re both bleeding heavily from the head , but put our nose to the grindstone and manage to play a really good show .", "it seemed kinda perfect , all that blood and noise .", "the one in stuttgart that was canceled .", "it appears that you already have an account created within our vip network of sites on .", "to keep your personal information safe , we need to verify that it ' s really you .", "to activate your account , please confirm your password .", "when you have confirmed your password , you will be able to log in through facebook on both sites .", "it appears that you already have an account on this site associated with .", "to connect your existing account just click on the account activation button below .", "you will maintain your existing vip profile .", "after you do this , you will be able to always log in to http : / / noisecreep .", "com using your original account information .", "please fill out the information below to help us provide you a better experience .", "sign up for noisecreep quickly by connecting your facebook account .", "it ' s just as secure and no password to remember !", "song * please enter a song name .", "artist ( optional ) your name * please enter your name .", "your email * please enter your email .", "thank you for your request .", "waffle house at hollyeats .", "com i ' ll get a chain section going sometime soon .", "waffle house , krispie cream , white castle and the like .", "until then , as i ate at the waffle house a few times on my trip to texas , i ' ll include it here .", "i ' ve got to get to the waffle house at least two times during any foray into waffle house country ( the south and midwest as far as i can tell ) .", "not all that hard to do .", "seems like there ' s a waffle house at almost every interstate exit .", "my two favorites - pork chop and eggs with a double order of home fries and a side of raisin bread .", "and their namesake , with pecans mixed in - their pecan waffle .", "one tradition , as you walk in the door , all the servers greet you with a \" welcome , \" \" howdy \" or \" good morning \" and really seem to mean it .", "another tradition - the waffle house songs on the juke box .", "click on the pic of the juke box on the right to go to a web site that sells the waffle house cd and where you can hear sound bites from a number of the songs .", "<EOS>" ]

[ [ "reception", "patrick kennedy from allmusic said that the album \" stripped down and sharpened the band ' s signature minor - key noise attack \" , adding that \" engineer tim mac ' s facility in gaining instrument separation [ . . . ] provided the adrenaline injection unsane had needed in the studio for years . \" in 2012 , decibel magazine included the album in its \" hall of fame \" list ." ] ]

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division of pulmonary and critical care medicine ( pccm ) is comprised of a team of outstanding clinicians , scientists , and scholars dedicated to improving the lives of patients with serious lung disease and optimizing the treatment of the critically ill . june 14 , 2017 : the pulmonary & critical care medicine division is happy to formally announce that dr . chitra dinakar is the new clinical chief of allergy and asthma in pccm .", "professor dinakar was recruited to stanford as part of the sean n . parker center led by dr . kari nadeau .", "chitra is a national leader in the field and was recently elected to the american academy of allergy , asthma & immunology ’ s board of directors in march of this year .", "chitra will help lead the burgeoning allergy and asthma clinical programs which began with the arrival of kari and her team into our division .", "please welcome chitra when you see her !", "please enter your username or email address .", "you will receive a link to create a 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twpleigh twplenroot twplent twpleon twpleslie twplester prairielevis twplewislewis twplexingtonlexington twplibby twpliberty twplida twplilydalelime twplincoln twplinden grove twplindstromlino lakeslinwood twplitchfieldlitchfield twplittle canadalittle elk twplittle fallslittle falls twplittle maraislittle pine twplittle sauk twplittleforklivonia twplogan twplone pine twplong lakelong lake twplong prairielong prairie twplongvillelonsdaleloon lake twplorain twplorettolouisville twplowrylucas twpluckluck twplutsen twpluxemburg twplynden twplynn twplyons twpmabelmacville twpmadge twpmadisonmadison lakemahnomenmahtomedimahtowamahtowa twpmaiden rockmaiden rock twpmaine prairie twpmaine twpmakinenmalmo twpmanhattan beachmanitowish watersmankatomankato twpmantorvillemaplemaple grovemaple grove twpmaple lakemaple lake twpmaple plainmaple plain twpmaple twpmapletonmaplewoodmarblemarcellmarcell twpmarine on saint croixmarion twpmarkvillemarshallmarshan twpmartell twpmarysville twpmasonmason 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twpraymondreads landingred cedar twpred wingredwood fallsremerremer twpreno twprenvillereynolds twpricerice lakerice lake twprice river twprich valley twprichardson twprichfieldrichmondrichmond twprichvilleridgelandripley twpriver fallsriver falls twprivertonrobbinsdalerobertsrochertrochesterrochester twprock creekrock creek twprock elm twprockfordrockford twprockvillerockwood twprogersroosevelt twproscoerosemountrosevilleroseville twprosing twpross lake twprothsayround grove twpround lake twpround prairie twproyaltonroyalton twpruby twprush cityrush lake twprush river twprushfordrushseba twprusk twpruthtonrutledgesaginawsaint anthonysaint augustasaint bonifaciussaint charlessaint cloudsaint croix fallssaint croix falls twpsaint francissaint jamessaint josephsaint joseph twpsaint lawrence twpsaint louis parksaint martinsaint mary twpsaint mary ' ' s pointsaint mary ' s pointsaint mathias twpsaint michaelsaint olaf twpsaint paulsaint paul parksaint petersaint stephensaint wendel twpsalem twpsalo twpsalolsampson twpsan francisco twpsanbornsand creek twpsand lake twpsandstonesandstone twpsantiago twpsaronasarona twpsartellsauk centresauk centre twpsauk rapidssauk rapids twpsavagesavannah twpsawyerscandiascandia valley twpschoolcraft twpsciota twpscott twpseavey twpsebekasedanseverance twpshafershafer twpshakopeeshamrock twpsharon twpsheldonsheldon twpshell lakeshell lake twpshell river twpsherburnsherman twpshevlinshieldsville twpshingobee twpshoreviewshorewoodshotley twpside lakesilver baysilver creeksilver creek twpsilver lakesilver twpsioux creek twpsirensiren twpskelton twpslater twpsleepy eyesobieskisolon springssolon springs twpsolwaysolway twpsomersetsomerset twpsouth bend twpsouth fork twpsouth harbor twpsouth havensouth koochiching unorg .", "terr .", "south rangesouth saint paulsouthside twpspalding twpspencer brook twpspencer twpspicerspider lake twpsplit rock twpsplithand twpspoonerspring brook twpspring hillspring lake parkspring lake twpspring parkspring valleyspringbrookspringbrook twpspringfield twpspringvale twpspruce hill twpsquaw lakestacystanchfieldstanchfield twpstanfold twpstanford twpstanleystanley twpstanton twpstaplesstaples twpstar lake twpstar prairiestar prairie twpstarbucksterling twpstewartstewartvillestillwaterstillwater twpstockholmstockholm twpstokes twpstone lakestone lake twpstony brook twpstony river twpstowe prairie twpstraight river twpstrickland twpstrumstubbs twpsturgeon lakesturgeon lake twpsugar bush twpsummit twpsumner twpsunburgsunfish lakesunrise twpsuperiorsuperior twpswan riverswan river twpswanvilleswataraswiss twpsylvan twptaconitetaft twptainter twptamaracktaylor twptaylors fallsten lake twptenstriketheilmanthomastown twpthomson twpthornapple twpthorpthree lakes twpthunder lake twptiffany twptimothy twptoad lake twptodd twptoftetofte twptogotoivolatoivola twptonka baytonytorrey twptowertrade laketrade lake twptrade rivertregotrego twptrelipe twptrenton twptrimbelletrimbelle twptrommaldtrout lake twptroy twptrumanturner twpturtle creek twpturtle laketurtle lake twpturtle river twptwin lakes twptwo harborstwo harbors unorg .", "terr .", "two inlets twptwo rivers twptylerunion grove twpunion twpupsalaurness twpvadnais heightsvan buren twpvance creek twpvasa twpverdon twpvergasvermilion lake twpvermillionvermillion twpverndalevernon centerveselivestavictor twpvictoriavillardvillard twpviningvirginiawaasa twpwabana twpwabashawabassowabedo twpwaconiawaconia twpwacoutawacouta twpwadenawadena twpwahkonwaite parkwakefield twpwaldorfwalkerwalnut grovewalnut lake twpwanamingowanamingo twpwanderooswang twpwannaskawarbawarren twpwarsawwarsaw twpwascottwascott twpwasecawashburnwashburn twpwashington lake twpwashington twpwaskish twpwatab twpwaterford twpwatertownwatertown twpwatervillewaterville twpwatkinswaubeck twpwaubunwaukenabo twpwaumandee twpwaverlywayzatawealthwood twpwebb lakewebb lake twpwebsterwebster twpweirgor twpwelchwelch twpwelcomewellington twpwellswells twpwendellwest albany twpwest concordwest crow wing unorg .", "terr .", "west lakeland twpwest marshland twpwest saint paulwest sweden twpwest unionwestbrookwestport twpweyerhaeuserwhalanwheaton twpwheelerwhite bear lakewhite bear lake twpwhite bear twpwhite oak twpwhite pine twpwhite rockwhite twpwhited twpwildwood twpwilkinson twpwillard twpwillerniewilliams twpwillmarwillmar twpwillow riverwilsonwilson twpwiltonwilton twpwindemere twpwindomwindom twpwing river twpwinnebago twpwinonawinstedwinsted twpwinterwinter twpwinthropwirtwolf lakewolford twpwood lakewood river twpwoodburywoodlandwoodland twpwoodrow twpwoodvillewoodville twpworkman twpworthingtonwrenshallwrenshall twpwrightwuori twpwyanett twpwykeham twpwyomingyoung america twpyucatan twpzimzimmermanzumbro fallszumbro twpzumbrotazumbrota twp community anyarmatageaudubon parkbancroftbattle creek - highwoodbeltramibottineaubryantbryn - mawrcamden industrialcaragcedar - isles - deancedar riversidecentralclevelandcolumbia parkcomocoopercorcorandayton ' ' s bluffdayton ' s bluffdiamond lakedowntowndowntown eastdowntown westeast harrieteast isleseast phillipseccoelliot parkericssonfieldfolwellfultongreater east sidehalehamline - midwayharrisonhawthornehiawathahighlandhollandhowejordankeewaydinkennykenwoodking fieldlind - bohanonlinden hillslogan parklongfellowloring parklowry hilllowry hill eastlyndalelynnhurstmacalester - grovelandmarcy holmesmarshall terracemckinleymerriam park / lexington - hamlinemid - city industrialmidtown phillipsminnehahamorris parknear - northnicollet island - east banknorth endnorth loopnortheast parknorthroppagepayne - phalenphillips westpowderhorn parkprospect park - east river roadreginasewardsheridanshingle creekst .", "anthony eastst .", "anthony parkst .", "anthony weststandishsteven ' ' s square - loring heightssteven ' s square - loring heightssummit hillsummit - universitysumner - glenwoodtangletownthomas - dale ( frogtown ) ventura villagevictorywaite parkwebber - camdenwenonahwest calhounwest seventhwest sidewhittierwillard - haywindomwindom park a new community designed to make the everyday extraordinary .", "go to the ponds at heifort hills website located at the southern end of twin lakes , the ponds at heifort hills is … \" our goal is to provide the best real estate experience possible in today ’ s complex and ever changing market . \"", "find your fave teamboo post . . . in true curb trash stalker fashion i snagged this sad derelict bassinet , sawed off the broken rocking legs ( with my teeth , in a crazed excitement ) and then got distracted and threw it in our playhouse where it lived for about 2 years serving mostly as a sandy catch all , and if you ask me a perfect place for stray neighborhood cats to deliver their babies .", "every once in a while , with the will of a thousand toddlers , i get the urge to paint furniture .", "faster than you can say hoa nightmare , all the things end up in my driveway where i alternate painting projects in between coats .", "the process starts as an innocent spur of the moment saturday decizshe and usually turns into one couch and a chained rottweiler short of a 2 week white trash lawn party .", "in short , crap gets done .", "and then little back burner projects like obsolete / haunted house baby beds get a second chance at life .", "as much as i like to spray paint for a quick fix , the blue on this was a saturated beast .", "i blew through two cans of spray paint before i realized i would need about 40 more cans to cover it all .", "instead i used my critter sprayer and a used air compressor i recently scored for $ 100 bucks .", "i threw about three coats of a sunny yellow i had in my garage ( from another forgotten project obvi ) .", "so much faster ( and cheaper ) why do i fight it ?", "!", "then i covered the inner board with some batting and ikea fabric i bought a year or two ago for like 5 bucks aaaand . . . if you are wondering why you didn ' t make our christmas card list this year please take back all the \" she ' s not even that cool anyway \" thoughts you had and know that you are in good company .", "i don ' t mean the \" carolyn is lame \" company ( geez louise ) . . . rather the part where you didn ' t get the $ 1 stylish cardstock of our jcrew styled family ironically strolling on an abandoned railroad track or in a dying meadow leaning against an old tractor tire to hang on your fridge ( and then promptly throw away in a post christmas cleaning frenzy ) .", "in other words : we didn ' t send any .", "like , not even to my mom .", "when i went on a blog hiatus a year ( and a half ) ago , i did it with gumption .", "with drive and purpose .", "i was determined to learn and grow some talents .", "my goal for the year was to \" be deliberate \" .", "basically to stop merely day dreaming about what inspired me and open the glorious vents of creation .", "what happened next was a slightly less romantic version . . . not only can i not run as fast as a horse with the grace and power of an amazonian warrior , but the last year an a half just so happened to be some of the most mentally challenging years of my life so far .", "( and i ' ve experienced clinical depression in my life . . . aaand an out - of - wedlock pregnancy .", "booyah ) .", "so fast and so slow simultaneously .", "i ' m not particularly a dramatic person , and i don ' t want you to feel like your stuck in a nickelback song , but i have been . . . how do you say ?", "bitch slapped .", "ok , at least derailed .", "i realize life is so very rarely smooth sailing and when it is , it is fleeting .", "it wasn ' t smooth before i took a blog break and it sure as matching floral curtain lederhosen isn ' t now ( maybe the worst month of all of them ?", ") .", "i ' ve always been about making things full of life and sass regardless of circumstance .", "but now i see that you can ' t wait until everything is \" just so \" before you jump .", "unless you are skydiving . . . or doing a magic show .", "i repeat : if you are either skydiving or doing magic please make sure everthing is \" just so \" .", "sure , i might be wearing a mexican lucha libre mask and an dowdy apron now , but i am learning more now about my capabilities than i ever would in a community college .", "and maybe that ' s just the extra ' sass ' i needed to ' wrestle ' my trials and personal fears ( get it ?", "cause i ' m wearing a wrestling mask ?", ") .", "the only difference now is i haven ' t documented life and what inspires me like i used to .", "life is insane and thrilling and fascinating and weird .", "like jack black on cra . . . . actually , i guess just jack black .", "i will be back . . . hopefully sooner than later .", "perhaps i will emerge over the hilltop like a magnificent mythical creature , or maybe i will be a slightly chubbier amateur wrestler version of myself , but either option will be ready to party .", "but until then \" get that corn outta my face ! \"", "i think this photo does a pretty good job of filling you in on the last year of my life .", "seriously thick miss lippy - esque bangs , chipped fingernails , dead eyes . . . our pets heads are falling off !", "i went back to school for a while but the only thing i can tell i do better now is type without looking at my fingers .", "and before you get all typing snob on me , please understand that my keyboard stage fright began in 3rd grade with the pressure of all my classmates already playing oregon trail when i was still only half way through my home row exercises .", "also i was one of the last years in high school that still strictly used tangible books for research paper bibliography .", "it was a different time .", "a more innocent time .", "a time before 5th graders sexted their boyfriends .", "but i made you a video !", "cause everyone likes a good drug flick .", "an added bonus is that you get to hear my voice voice instead of just my brain voice .", "i can ' t tell if it ' s sounds normal here or if its just my judgmental landlord voice ( that wont make sense until you watch it ) so many layers to my many ( adorable ) voices !", "teamboo ( the humans ) have been really working hard and having fun - ish .", "and by ' fun - ish ' i mean it has been like a slow laser hair removal having my house torn up during the holidays .", "basically the soul - sucking worst .", "instagram has been my surrogate connection to my blog friends ( many of whom don ' t blog much anymore either ) but i do miss this outlet .", "it is an inspiring platform that i truly hope to reengage .", "until i am back in the blog saddle ( i don ' t pretend i am going to change all of my unhealthy natural instincts / make any official resolutions until february ) you can see what we ' ve been up to on instagram if you so desire .", "you can find us at , wait for it . . . . . just incase you want visuals on sonny ' s awesome hair or an occasional picture of me making a stupid face .", "it ' s not private so don ' t be weirdos and make me regret it ( aka : please don ' t go there if you can ' t stand me : ) i promise i don ' t take pictures of my healthy meals or my feet .", "elyott - \" please please help our family to not get any bruises .", "and help us to teach sonny good things ' such as ' : that to do a good ' butt bomb ' you have to lean far forward ( when you jump on the trampoline ) .", "sonny : yearned to feed the hippos .", "he fed and fed those hungry little hippos .", "his therapist would say that this was an awfully \" autistic \" thing to do .", "they are so hungry after all .", "support teaching , research , and patient care .", "search by name or topic . . . nadeau lab / sean n . parker center september 21 , 2017 : big congratulations to marlene rabinovitch , md and roham zamanian , md , fccp for a major 5 year extension to their translational p01 grant evaluating the action and efficacy of the neutrophil elastase inhibitor , elafin , in pulmonary arterial hypertension ( pah ) !", "this second phase of the 10 - year p01 grant will bring forward elafin as a new potential therapy for pah , a life - threatening condition currently without a cure .", "we are proud of our long and close affiliation with marlene , who continues to champion research and provide invaluable mentorship to our fellows and junior faculty .", "this grant is also a testament to the leadership of roham zamanian who has been instrumental in developing one of the great clinical pulmonary vascular programs in the country .", "please congratulate marlene and roham when you see them ( along with michal roof , phd and michelle fox who helped so much behind the scenes to make this grant happen ) .", "august 16 , 2017 : congratulations to one of our ' extended ' family members , marlene rabinovitch , md , who has been a mentor , colleague and friend to the division for years .", "she has been named the aha distinguished scientist lecturer for the annual aha meeting in anaheim this year .", "this is a signal acknowledgment , made even more remarkable by her winning the amberson lectureship at the ats last year .", "these awards reflect the high regard towards marlene held by academic physicians and physician - scientists .", "june 27 , 2017 : congratulations to instructor , dr . sandra andorf on being awarded the child health research institute ( chri ) grant & postdoctural award for her proposal titled : “ characterizing natural tolerance in milk and egg allergic children and their implications ” under the mentorship of dr . kari nadeau .", "chri at stanford university provides a unique opportunity to advance the health of children and expectant mothers worldwide .", "june 27 , 2017 : congratulations to postdoctural fellow , dr . monica romero lopez on being awarded the school of medicine dean ’ s postdoctoral fellowship award for her proposal titled : “ wnt7a : a novel regulator of right ventricular adaption in pulmonary arterial hypertension ” under the mentorship of dr . vinicio de jesus perez .", "the dean ’ s postdoctoral fellowship at the school of medicine is a longstanding program in support of postdoctoral research .", "june 14 , 2017 : congratulations to our pccm division chief , dr . mark nicolls and dr . marlene rabinovitch for a new $ 3m nih / nhlbi r01 grant entitled \" endothelial injury , bmpr2 dysfunction and macrophage activation cause endothelial - mesenchymal transition and pulmonary arterial hypertension \" .", "the proposed studies will investigate how inflammation causes vascular injury that culminates in a deadly pulmonary disease for which there is currently no curative therapy .", "june 12 , 2017 : congratulations to amy tian , phd , who has been awarded the top poster at the lymphatic forum 2017 in chicago !", "this was a highly competitive process and was based on a study just published in science translational medicine .", "amy ' s work describes how inflammation contributes to lymphedema , a chronic condition affecting millions for which there are no approved medical treatments .", "for her achievement , dr . tian will receive a $ 1 , 000 prize .", "her work served as the basis of a new and currently enrolling clinical trial ( ultra ) which specifically targets lymphedema - associated inflammation with a new drug therapy .", "welcome to the stanford pulmonary and critical care medicine fellowship .", "we offer a 3 - year acgme accredited fellowship designed to provide outstanding clinical and research training in an intellectually vibrant and highly supportive learning environment .", "our fellowship ’ s four distinct tracks are structured to offer trainees experiences that align with their unique career goals .", "we also offer an additional 4th year of subspecialty training in lung transplantation , pulmonary hypertension and sleep medicine which fellows can apply for in their third year .", "all fellows receive 18 - 20 months of clinical training in pulmonary & critical care medicine with core rotations at stanford university hospital , the santa clara valley medical center , and the palo alto va health care system .", "by rotating at these hospitals with distinct patient populations , fellows are exposed to a wide breadth of disease states and pathology .", "our elective courses provide the opportunity for the additional in - depth study of specific areas of interest .", "our fellows are also provided ample time to explore outstanding research opportunities at stanford .", "thank you for your interest in our fellowship program and for exploring our website .", "please don ' t hesitate to contact us for further information .", "we are currently recruiting fellows for the class of 2018 , as part of the nrmp match .", "<EOS>" ]

[ [ "critical reception", "team boo garnered positive reviews from music critics . tim sendra of allmusic praised the album ' s upbeat production and the vocal work of gardner and hammel giving life and exuberance to even slower tracks like \" parachutes ( funeral song ) \" and \" an experiment \" , saying that \" team boo is a record that will make even the staunchest nonbelievers believe in the power of simply played , honest , and energetic pop music again . \" rob mitchum of pitchfork media said that despite some slow - placed tracks , the album was a return to form into my solo project territory thanks to the production work of john croslin and jim eno leading them there , saying that \" team boo turns out to be a surprisingly respectable junior - year effort - - one that puts mates of state in the small minority of indie - pop bands that don ' t fall under the one - album - and - out rule . \" mackenzie wilson of rolling stone praised the duo ' s elegant and idiosyncratic musicianship complementing their vocal harmonies , saying that \" gardner ' s girlish vocals snugly wrap around her husband ' s boyish charm , letting on to mates of state ' s genuine love for music as well as for one another . \"" ] ]

[ "< EOT > a bowling for soup album is like an old friend from college that you only see every couple years , but when you do it ’ s like nothing has changed .", "they ’ re still the same ; they work a 9 to 5 job that they don ’ t really like , they party on the weekends , drink a lot of beer , and have the typical relationship issues .", "i am certainly not against changing things up , but there ’ s comfort in knowing that with a bowling for soup album , you know you ’ re in for 10 or 12 upbeat rock songs about breaking up , drinking beer , and having a great time .", "jaret reddick ( lead vocals , guitars ) erik chandler ( bass , vocals ) , chris burney ( guitar , vocals ) , and gary wiseman ( drums ) have a proven formula for making great pop rock music , and they deliver once again on fishin ’ for woos , the bands 11th album .", "cd review : bowling for soup / fishin ' for woos # url # : theywilllrockyou .", "com – for the love of music !", "serving boston and greater new england .", "back in april , chelsea upton caught up with bowling for soup frontman jaret reddick in the wake of denton band releasing its whopping 11th album , fishin ' for woos .", "the disc also serves as the band ' s first release since splitting from its major label home of 10 years at jive records .", "indefatigability isn ’ t a character trait that i ’ d expected to associate with bowling for soup .", "yet while most of their middle aged skateboarding punk pop peers have retreated from the toils of fleeting commercial success , concentrating instead on their careers in the fast food industry , bfs have diligently ploughed on in the face of mass indifference .", "remarkably fishin ’ for woos is their eleventh studio album .", "to be fair a band like bfs are an easy target .", "there is always a queue of people waiting to put the boot in .", "i was expecting a record full of opportunities to hang bfs out to dry , but there aren ’ t any obvious faux - pas .", "fishin ' for woos is solid because when a band is together this long they know what they ’ re doing .", "they ’ re tight .", "they ’ re also like herpes .", "they ’ re here for the long haul .", "the only way they ’ ll disappear is if their loyal fan - base collectively fall off a cliff , which is unlikely .", "things slow down a little with “ what about us , ” one of the few slower songs on fishin ’ for woos .", "some muted guitars introduce the song and the verse has a very sparse back beat , as reddick sings , “ i ’ ve been sitting feeling sorry for me since a week ago last week .", "i guess maybe i should change my clothes , and wash the lipstick of my cheek .", "” the band joins , the song picks up steam , but it ’ s still not quite apparent if the chorus is going to be upbeat or a ballad .", "as the band slows to half time , we realize it ’ s the latter .", "sings reddick , “ what about the promises and the plans we made ?", "it just feels like we ’ re giving up .", "what about me , what about you , what about us ?", "” it ’ s a gem of a chorus and is a great emotional power ballad with a rockin ’ hair band feel .", "fishin ’ for woos closes with “ graduation trip ” an acoustic tune which utilizes some up - tempo chord strumming and very typical bowling for soup lyrics .", "while i may not have chosen this song to close the album , the reflective nature of its lyrics makes it work .", "sings riddick , “ i wonder if it ever crosses your mind , ‘ cause i ’ m afraid it ’ s something i dwell on all the time .", "i hear you ’ re doing amazing , and believe me that makes me smile , but i hope you think of me every once in a while .", "” fishin ’ for woos is a fun rock n ’ roll album from start to finish .", "bowling for soup has 11 albums now , and show no signs of stopping .", "while they may not recreate the popularity of past hits like “ girls that all bad guys want ” or “ 1985 , ” as long as they keep turning out fun and hook - laden fist pumping rock anthems , i will look forward to every release .", "cd review : bowling for soup / fishin ' for woos http : / / bit .", "ly / fqwqbw rt @ theywillrockyou : cd review : bowling for soup / fishin ' for woos http : / / bit .", "ly / fqwqbw bowling for soup ' s jaret reddick in his sweet , sweet ride .", "so maybe it ' s not a surprise , then , to hear that the band kept the production of their second music video from the new album in - house - - just as it had with its first video release from the disc , the fan - sourced \" s - s - s - saturday . \"", "this new one , for the song \" turbulence , \" was co - directed by reddick and his built by ninjas partner heath balderston .", "last year was ' a son of a bitch ' for jason isbell , but he . . . if that isn ’ t good enough for you , the even better news is that they have apparently been ' cut free ' from the shackles of ‘ the man ’ .", "no longer suffocated by the constraints of a major label recording contract , with full artistic control finally within the grasp of their chubby digits , surely the only limit is the horizon ?", "despite the publicly celebrated emancipation , business is very much as usual .", "it isn ’ t their kid a anyway .", "a more relevant comparison would be with status quo .", "if you ’ ve heard one album , you ’ ve heard them all .", "that doesn ’ t mean it is automatically going to give you earache .", "( i ’ m not sticking up for the quo ’ s back catalogue here , though i ’ m not going to disrespect it either .", "quo fans are mental , like kathy bates in misery .", ") .", "but what ' s unquestionable is that as well as having careers outlasting any recommended best before dates , both groups have left evolution to the monkeys .", "self censoring or not , at times it feels like they ’ ve grown up .", "no doubt initiated by recent acoustic tours , the acoustic guitar comes to the forefront .", "‘ turbulance ’ is a welcome change of pace , and it is good to see the band have another dimension , but it is like a dog wearing a dress .", "interesting , but you know it took a lot of effort to produce something that is ultimately underwhelming .", "from the majority of the lyrical content it quickly becomes evident that mature for bfs is probably remembering to wipe their arses after going to the bathroom .", "the album ’ s first single “ s - s - saturday ” is a rockin ’ ode to the weekend , one that anyone who punches a clock and lives for saturday night , can identify with .", "“ punch the clock , right on time , think i ’ m gonna lose my mind , five o ’ clock seems like it ’ s a lifetime away , “ sings reddick over muted guitars .", "“ but i see the weekend right in front of me .", "” the chorus is as catchy as anything they ’ ve ever done , and the hook , “ i wish ever night was saturday night .", "here ’ s to hoping monday never comes ” got stuck in my head after only one listen .", "other highlights include “ here ’ s your song , ” a foot stomping rock song about reddick finally giving a girlfriend the song she ’ s always wanted him to write , though the lyrics don ’ t quite paint the nicest picture of her .", "“ you talk too much , you never shut up , everything i do for you is never enough , ” sings reddick .", "“ this aint ’ my day , ” cleverly utilizes some familiar clichés in the lyrics , and the chorus is one of the finest and catchiest on the album .", "“ i didn ’ t wear a smile today , i looked up and the all blue skies turned gray .", "i don ’ t how i ’ m , expected to carry on this way , this ain ’ t my year , this ain ’ t my week , this ain ’ t my day .", "” while lyrically average , its chorus make this song one of the album ’ s strongest .", "megadeth : teaser for ' post american world ' video ( blabbermouth .", "net ) get the most out of your experience with a personalized all - access pass to everything local on events , music , restaurants , news and more .", "monday , june 6 , 2011 at 4 : 07 p . m . among the biggest changes that came with leaving the label ?", "why , their budget , of course .", "it ' s a nice enough clip , and one aimed at tugging on at the heart - strings .", "basically , it ' s just what you ' d expect to go with the song , which is as somber a single as the band ' s ever released .", "and , speaking of the clip , there ' s a few lessons you can learn from watching it .", "1 . )", "there ' s no need to show death when you can imply it .", "2 . )", "real - life bandmates tend to be awesome pay - it - forward types in fantasy worlds .", "3 . )", "no matter what you do , ryan hamilton and jencey hirunrusme of smile smile will always bicker .", "see what i mean after the jump , where you can watch the just - released clip .", "catch up on the day ' s news and stay informed with our daily digest of the most popular news , music , food and arts stories in dallas , delivered to your inbox monday through friday .", "sturgill simpson shows off guitar prowess during flawed . . . event encouraging dallasites to brandish guitars , not guns , still . . . the 10 best concerts of the week : lyle lovett , riverfront jazz . . . meet larce blake , a utd math major who doubles as a producer of . . . © 2017 dallas observer , lp .", "all rights reserved .", "all - access pass to the top stories , events and offers around town .", "all - access pass to top stories , events and offers around town .", "if you want upbeat , kind of catchy songs that don ’ t make you think , then you ’ ll be happy .", "a lot of the time all i hear is excommunicated uk boy band of yesteryear busted .", "you can ’ t help but crack a smile listening to the lyrics to ‘ i ’ ve never done anything like this ’ .", "it ’ s like the fantasies of a 14 - year - old chronic masturbator transported into song .", "‘ here ’ s your freakin ’ song ’ leaves you wondering why a group of middle aged ' dudes ' don ’ t just drop the f - bomb .", "‘ girls in america ’ is their twenty - first century homage to california girls by the beach boys .", "wisely they have decided to cast their net a bit wider than the inhabitants of just one state .", "focusing on a whole country ’ s worth of women .", "i guess you can ’ t be too picky when you are pushing 40 and still willingly wear shorts .", "a little older , a little wiser : dis meets mac d . . . hannah peel ' s guide to mary casio : journey to c . . . year 2000 - a playlist of songs wot soundtracke . . . the ineffable joy of pop : dis meets carly rae j . . . drinking the knights away : dis meets james merc . . . the national : \" we nearly lost our minds making . . . in a similar vein , “ friends chicks guitars ” is another upbeat track about a weekend party that has everything that a good party should have … well , almost .", "“ we ’ re always on a mission to finally get it right / the life of the party comes in bottles , cans and pints , ” sings reddick during the bridge .", "he then rounds off the chorus singing , “ the only thing that we forgot is stocking up by 12 o ’ clock , we ’ ll never preserve , we ’ ve got friends , chicks , guitars , and no beer .", "” it ’ s a feel good tune that deserves to be played loudly while driving with the windows down .", "check out what others are saying about this post . . . tell us what you ' re thinking . . . click here to cancel reply .", "this blog is kept spam free by wp - spamfree .", "notify me of follow - up comments by email .", "notify me of new posts by email .", "visit our extensive concert photo galleries where our talented team of photographers hit the pits night after night to capture the essence of a live show .", "from intimate shows in dirty little clubs to huge sold out arenas , we bring it all to you !", "lordi to release ' monstereophonic : theaterror vs . demonarchy ' album in september ( blabbermouth .", "net ) copyright © 2017 · all rights reserved · theywillrockyou .", "com <EOS>" ]

[ [ "reception", "the album received generally positive reviews . most reviewers noted the similarity of the music to the band ' s previous releases ; about . com said that \" the sound is more of what we expect and love from bfs ; it ' s pop punk polish that unabashedly leans toward the poppier side of things \" and gave fishin ' for woos four out of five stars , while allmusic gave the album a rating of three out of five stars and said that \" more of the same isn ’ t necessarily a bad thing , and that ’ s certainly what fishin ’ for woos offers \" and rock sound rated the album seven out of ten , and said that \" bowling for soup are back , doing what bfs do best – upbeat , uplifting , foot - tapping songs . \" in a more critical review , blare magazine rated the album 2 . 5 out of five stars , and said that \" [ i ] t ’ s clear the boys in bfs fancy themselves quite the humorists , but the gags heard on fishin ’ for woos are far more likely to elicit groans or eye rolls than yucks . \"" ], [ "release", "the album was recorded over a three - week span in june 2010 . frontman jaret reddick has stated the album will be released in spring 2011 . prior to the album ' s release , the band planned to release a six - track ep , titled fishin ' for woos . the track listing for fishin ' for woos was announced to be \" let ' s pretend we ' re not in love , \" \" dear megan fox , \" \" here ' s your freakin ' song , \" \" evil all around the world , \" and a song the band had been playing for years , but had previously never recorded , \" guard my heart . \" reddick stated that the album would be released on a label , after fishin ' for woos is released independently . the ep was originally set for release october 5 , 2010 , but reddick announced on september 24 via twitter , \" the bad news : the new ep release is being pushed back . the good news : new full album sooner , a free song for you , & much more ! stay tuned . \" later that same day , the band put up a new song called \" friends chicks guitars \" as a free download on their official site . when asked if any songs from fishin ' for woos would be on the album , reddick responded with \" maybe 2 or 3 . \" the band released another new song titled \" let ' s pretend we ' re not in love , \" exclusively through their bfsarmy fancorps site in november 2010 . reddick announced via twitter on november 15 , 2010 , that the new album has a tentative release date of may 3 , 2011 . this was further confirmed two days later , via the bowling for soup twitter , that stated merry flippin ' christmas volume 1 would be released on itunes and cd , the band ' s first two albums would be re - released , and there will be a new album and tour in may . reddick announced in his eleventh podcast that instead of releasing an ep before the band ' s next full - length album , the band would be releasing just the album , which is currently set to have twelve songs and be titled fishin ' for woos . reddick also featured another new song , titled \" i ' ve never done anything like this \" ( feat . kay hanley ) , during his eleventh podcast . it was announced november 19 , 2010 , that the band had signed to razor & tie , but later changed to brando records . to help promote the album , the band will be embarking on the \" fishin ' for woos tour \" beginning in the spring of 2011 in the united states ." ] ]

[ "< EOT > the method , and the word , were first popularized by pablo picasso and georges braque in 1912 , when the two were radically transforming the painting world with their dive into cubism .", "( because the two worked so closely and weren ' t vigilant about dating their pieces during that time , no one can quite agree on which artist was the first to paste paper works - - newsprint , postage stamps , painted paper , etc - - into his painting . )", "the art critic clement greenberg wrote in a 1959 essay , \" collage was a major turning point in the evolution of cubism , and therefore a major turning point in the whole evolution of modernist art in this century . \"", "for the cubists , collage became a central part of their campaign to explore painting ' s illusion of three - dimensionality while frankly acknowledging the flatness of the canvas , a break from hundreds of years of western painting tradition .", "from picasso and braque ' s cubist experiments to richard hamilton ' s pop art masterpieces , collage has been a primary tool of our most forward - thinking artists for more than a hundred years .", "for many young artists in the twenty - first century , the spirit behind collage is enduringly appealing , even though the shock - value of using collage as a fine art medium has largely passed .", "the modernistic spirit of 20th century collage - - the juxtaposition of images and ideas , the questioning traditional definitions of high and low art forms , re - appropriating material into new aesthetic and conceptual contexts - - remains a through - line in the work of the brooklyn collage collective .", "collage is a registered insurance broker in ontario and british columbia , with licensing applications out for approval for the remainder of canada , and can integrate with all major canadian insurance companies .", "traditionally , purchasing a benefits plan could take anywhere from two to six weeks but with collage the whole process can be completed within one day .", "with collage , employers can choose the right benefits plan , purchase the plan online , and then manage the program through their collage account .", "employers with existing benefits programs can easily transfer that program into collage at no cost , and switching to collage can provide savings of 20 % to 30 % simply through automated data verification .", "toronto , on - - ( marketwired - february 22 , 2017 ) - today collage ​ , ​ the free hr and benefits management platform , announced $ 5m in funding from the venture capital launchpad diagram .", "​ founded in toronto in august 2016 by elijah moore , peter demangos ( a 9 - year veteran of the benefits industry ) , and steven hanna , collage ' s cloud - based software application helps businesses automate the administrative work involved with hr , group benefits , and payroll administration .", "collage is the first platform to provide canadian businesses with an all - digital solution to quote , buy and manage their benefits plans online , with the ability to seamlessly integrate that plan with collage ' s hr software .", "[ updated ] in january 2015 , sugarlift celebrated the opening of its second - ever exhibition , volume 002 ( cut & paste ) , a collaboration with the brooklyn collage collective , a diverse group of artists from the area who make collage in a wide range of styles .", "twelve artists produced more than forty new pieces for sugarlift .", "we decided to take a step back and think about how collage has shaped the visual arts in the 20th century , and why the spirit of collage is even more vital to the artists of our generation .", "samantha mackenzie loves and supports her parents , us president john mackenzie and first lady melanie mackenzie , and enjoys the privileges that she has received being the only daughter of the president , but sometimes she wants to be what she considers \" normal \" which means not having her life scrutinized by the world 24 / 7 . she made the decision to go away to college in california at redmond university in large part to get away from life at the white house and hopefully assert some independence , this first stint at college coinciding with president mackenzie ' s reelection bid for a second term in the white house .", "as such , he knows that his opponents will exploit whatever they can , including placing even more scrutiny on the family , and having even more threats than usual against them meaning his want for more security .", "so sam ' s college experience is less than normal , being followed by a very visible team of secret service agents , who are trained to notice the smallest things that may be . . . written by huggo the european avant garde after the first world war - - the dadaists and their surrealist cousins - - continued in the collaging spirit of the pre - war cubists , filling their work with found objects , assemblage sculptures and images placed outside of their original or normal contexts .", "other artists , including jean arp and henri matisse , saw in collage a potential for abstraction and simplicity in their work , using glued pieces of painted paper in their compositions .", "matisse ' s work with collage became especially central to his art as he struggled to paint in his old age .", "( sidebar : if you haven ' t seen the matisse cut - outs show at moma yet , do it as soon as possible . )", "collage is the first all - digital hr and benefits platform in canada that allows businesses to quote , buy , and manage benefits plans online .", "​ collage helps businesses to take care of their people by making it easy to provide a digital , seamless hr and benefits experience .", "the company was founded in 2016 and is based in toronto , ontario .", "collage ' s approach is to empower small and medium businesses by eliminating tedious paperwork and simplifying canadian compliance requirements .", "by using collage to manage their people , both employers and employees can focus less on administration and spend their time on their meaningful work .", "the bcc , which came onto the scene in late 2013 , is the artistic home for many of the most exciting artists in our borough - - in any medium - - and we are pleased to welcome the bcc for this show , opening on thursday , january 15th .", "the artists in \" cut & paste \" capture the innovative spirit of collage by assembling striking pieces out of re - appropriated images and found materials with technical mastery , subversive humor and imaginative beauty .", "the investment in collage was among the first two made by diagram , a montreal - based launchpad that recently announced the close of a $ 25m fund backed by power financial corporation ( tsx : pwf ) and certain of its subsidiaries via portag3 ventures lp , and a group of 50 prominent canadian angel investors .", "the launchpad invests primarily in insurance and financial technology , and collage ' s focus on helping hr professionals and small business owners easily manage their hr and benefits aligned perfectly with diagram ' s investment thesis .", "ok , i love katie holmes and do not regret seeing this movie cuz she was so cute and really did a great acting job , as usual .", "and , in fact , all the actors did , which shows what talent they have to be able to act in such an awfully written movie .", "the script was just dull and parts of the movie that were interesting , they chose not to develop .", "the whole problem with her roommate could have been interesting , but the problems just went away way too quickly .", "and , the commercials give away that katie holmes ' character ' s boyfriend is a bodyguard , which seems to be the whole excitement of the movie .", "i would recommend that you don ' t pay money to see this movie , if anything , wait till it comes out on cable , it can ' t be too far away !", "during the postwar years , collage became a favorite medium for artists like pop art pioneer richard hamilton , whose iconic 1956 piece \" just what is it that makes today ' s homes so different , so appealing ? \"", "used material cut out from magazines and advertisements .", "like many other artists of the era , hamilton incorporated images from commercial media and advertising into his work , disrupting long - held conventions about the subjects and materials allowed in serious art .", "in the united states , robert rauschenberg ' s \" combine \" paintings blurred the lines between mediums , with material ( including , most famously , a stuffed bald eagle ) jumping off the canvas in his pieces .", "the mark listed for each athlete is how fast he ran in his first - ever sub - 4 : 00 mile .", "the list is for actual mile races , not any conversions from the 1500 ( where a 3 : 42 .", "22 is equivalent to 3 : 59 .", "99 ) or the 1600 ( where 3 : 58 .", "61 is required ) .", "dual citizens are not included unless they represented the u . s . internationally .", "those with retroactive drug bans have been removed from the list . \"", "collage is paving the way for hr and benefits management online , transforming something traditionally time - consuming and tedious into a great experience for both the employer and employee , \" said françois lafortune , ceo of diagram . \"", "our focus is on finding and investing in the best insurance technology in canada , and collage was a natural choice for one of our first investments at diagram . \"", "collage gets its name from the french word for glue and describes a broad range of art - making techniques that rely on re - appropriating previously made images and found materials into new compositions .", "although some skeptics in the past considered collage a \" lesser \" form of art than painting and sculpture , its role as a tool of the avant garde in the 20th century is impossible to ignore . \"", "we have completely enhanced the benefits experience and have removed the complexity associated with implementing and communicating an employee benefits plan \" said co - founder of collage , peter demangos , who has been in the benefits industry for 9 years . \"", "we believe that every employee should have a benefits plan , and one way collage is ensuring that happens is by making the quoting , buying , and management process as seamless as possible . \"", "\" we started collage to lead a fundamental shift in the way businesses buy and manage their benefits plans , \" said elijah moore , co - founder and ceo of collage . \"", "most businesses still manage their hr and benefits using paper and spreadsheets , which is wildly inefficient and prevents a lot of small businesses from providing proper coverage for their employees .", "we are the first in canada to give business a way to quote , buy and manage a benefits plan entirely online , and we sync it with our free hr platform . \"", "no , i ’ m not particularly sporty purchase motilium but brooklyn ( 25 - 34 ) hardly had a chance , trailing by as many as 23 points in the first quarter , 27 in the third and 32 in the fourth .", "anna foster has never had an ordinary life .", "at eighteen years old , she is the most protected girl in america ; she is the first daughter .", "frustrated with her overprotective father , the . . . see full summary » it takes a certain confidence to leave the comfort of home and travel to the other side of the globe to pursue higher education .", "ravneet kaur is grateful for the opportunity , spurred on by parents who encouraged her to try new experiences far . . . read more the simple collage examples are very good examples to show young artist ( grade 7 - 12 ) the power of this art form .", "the first daughter of the u . s . president heads off to college where she falls for a graduate student with a secret agenda .", "centennial college ' s school of hospitality , tourism and culinary arts has become the first academic institution to receive feast on ® certification for its sourcing of local food and beverage products used in the academic programs , as well as . . . read more the online extension of billboard magazine , billboard .", "biz is the essential online destination for the music business .", "the paint job on air force one is dull and poorly colored .", "the real air force one has a shiny bright blue top , a light blue forward lower portion and the aft bottom is highly polished aluminum .", "this aircraft is dull and non - reflective .", "see more » to learn more about collage visit collage .", "co . ​ this faq is empty .", "add the first question .", "these days , so much of our shopping , business , health , banking and other essentials take place online .", "this means that a great user experience is more important than ever .", "how do you create it ?", "you put people first .", "that ’ s the role you learn in interactive media management , a postgrad . . . read more on how to get a global education for a global career : laura bunce and interactive media management read more rewinding the charts : in 1981 , the rolling stones got a no .", "1 ' tattoo ' a woman conceives twins through artificial insemination , only to meet the man of her dreams on the very same day .", "a female secret service agent goes against protocol to save the u . s . president from an assassination attempt .", "she is reassigned to protect the president ' s daughter , which she considers a . . . see full summary » the girl who always stood out is finally getting the chance to fit in .", "the book katie holmes is reading in the library is hermann hesse ' s ' siddhartha ' .", "see more » the office of development and alumni engagement fosters connections between and among alumni and between alumni and the college .", "the international english language testing system ( ielts ) is the world ' s proven english language test .", "to help mark centennial college ' s 50th anniversary , some 800 faculty , staff and representatives of the alumni association and ccsai gathered at progress campus on august 31 to witness the burial of two time capsules filled with well wishes for . . . read more these are distracting times .", "the world we live in provides us with unlimited access to information , people , and resources , at the cost of our . . . read more if you cannot locate the information you are looking for please visit the a - z listing .", "if you cannot locate the information you are looking for please visit the a - z listing .", "if you cannot locate the information you are looking for please visit the a - z listing .", "if you cannot locate the information you are looking for please visit the a - z listing .", "if you cannot locate the information you are looking for please visit the a - z listing .", "if you cannot locate the information you are looking for please visit the a - z listing .", "2016 was the year with the most new members , 27 , followed by 2015 with 24 , and 2012 and 2013 with 23 each .", "be sure to check out the all - time world list of sub - 4 : 00 milers , arranged alphabetically , which can also be found in the t & fn archive ( albeit not in a completely up - to - date format ) .", "chronological listing of u . s . women who have broken 4 : 30 in the mile ( compiled by bring back the mile ) i have a collage example by deirdre e sharp .", "has any one got other examples of her work .", "many thanks maurice collage ' s platform allows employers to easily manage paperless onboarding , time off tracking , employee record storage and management , and payroll updates .", "employees can manage their banking and personal information , request and track time off , change their personal information , and manage their benefits program .", "search for \" first daughter \" on amazon .", "com liz pappas agent colvin agent mercer agent dryer shift leader press secretary communications director first lady ' s chief of staff - - - - - - - - - - - more . . . graduate from southwest first then attain a bachelor ' s degree .", "coming around again podcast : what would be the modern day equivalent of kanye west vs . 50 cent ?", "a timeline of danielle bregoli ' s ( a . k . a . the ' cash me outside ' girl ) rise to celebrity replicants , superheros , and reboots await you in our fall movie guide .", "plan your season and take note of the hotly anticipated indie , foreign , and documentary releases , too .", "want to share imdb ' s rating on your own site ?", "use the html below .", "you must be a registered user to use the imdb rating plugin .", "manhattanite ashley is known to many as the luckiest woman around .", "after a chance encounter with a down - and - out young man , however , she realizes that she ' s swapped her fortune for his .", "a modern retelling of snow white set against students in their freshman year of college in the greek system .", "a meddling mother tries to set her daughter up with the right man so her kid won ' t follow in her footsteps .", "james lansome : what could i have given to you sam ?", "i don ' t have anything to offer you .", "you ' re the president ' s daughter for christsake .", "* = athlete never ran any faster in his career ( this is more than half the total ) ; i = mark made indoors .", "get our music news in your inbox daily .", "© 2017 billboard .", "all rights reserved .", "copyright © 2016 nasdaq , inc . all rights reserved .", "legal for a better experience using this site , please upgrade to a modern web browser .", "there was an error trying to load your rating for this title .", "some parts of this page won ' t work property .", "please reload or try later .", "keep track of everything you watch ; tell your friends .", "added to your check - ins .", "people who liked this also liked . . . a guy in love with an engaged woman tries to win her over after she asks him to be her maid of honor .", "sworn enemies find themselves in each other ' s bodies , and use this to ruin each other ' s lives .", "single - girl anxiety causes kat ellis to hire a male escort to pose as her boyfriend at her sister ' s wedding .", "her plan , an attempt to dupe her ex - fiancé , who dumped her a couple years prior , proves to be her undoing .", "a senatorial candidate falls for a hotel maid , thinking she is a socialite , when he sees her trying on a wealthy woman ' s dress .", "andrew caple - shaw . . . james lansome : i was just saying goodnight .", "samantha mackenzie : you don ' t have to pretend anymore .", "james lansome : you ' re an amazing girl .", "samantha mackenzie : would you stop it ?", "just stop lying to me .", "samantha mackenzie : i have spent , almost my entire life with people smiling at me .", "and laughing at my jokes .", "and telling me how special i am , and how great i am , and how nice , and smart .", "and right . . . great acting , awful writing . . . 37 of 58 people found this review helpful .", "was this review helpful to you ?", "heighten your career now with over 1 , 300 courses and programs at centennial college .", "centennial is one of canada ' s top colleges for research , innovation , and entrepreneurship .", "centennial college welcomes you from abroad in your search to for an international educational experience .", "if you ’ re in your last year of your program in college , you need to take a moment to ask yourself a very important question : “ what now ?", "” what does . . . read more if you choose a career you really enjoy , success is sweeter , and there ’ s not much sweeter than baked goods , like doughnuts , cakes and pies .", "are you . . . read more © 2017 centennial college .", "all rights reserved .", "our overall graduation placement rate is 99 % , with 88 % working in their field of study .", "learn more .", "t & fn : u . s . sub - 4 : 00 milers chronological listing of u . s . milers 1 . don bowden ( cal ) 3 : 58 .", "7 * ( 1 ) stockton june 01 2 . dyrol burleson ( oregon ) 3 : 58 .", "6 ( 1 ) eugene april 23 3 . jim beatty ( scvyv ) 3 : 58 .", "0 ( 1 ) modesto may 28 4 . jim grelle ( los angeles tc ) 3 : 59 .", "9 ( 1 ) walnut april 28 5 . keith forman ( oregon ) 3 : 58 .", "3 * ( 1 ) modesto may 26 6 . cary weisiger ( usmc ) 3 : 59 .", "3 ( 2 ) modesto may 26 7 . bill dotson ( kansas ) 3 : 59 .", "0 * ( 4 ) walnut june 23 8 . bob seaman ( los angeles tc ) 3 : 58 .", "07 * ( 4 ) london august 18 10 . archie san romani jr . ( oregon ) 3 : 57 .", "6 * ( 3 ) compton june 05 11 . morgan groth ( oregon st ) 3 : 57 .", "9 * ( 4 ) compton june 05 12 . bob day ( ucla ) 3 : 58 .", "9 ( 6 ) compton june 05 13 . jim ryun ( kansas hs ) 3 : 59 .", "0 ( 8 ) compton june 05 14 . bob schul ( miami / ohio ) 3 : 59 .", "1 ( 1 ) san diego june 13 15 . john garrison ( los angeles tc ) 3 : 58 .", "1 * ( 2 ) modesto may 29 16 . roscoe divine ( oregon ) 3 : 59 .", "1 ( 2 ) eugene june 02 17 . wade bell ( oregon ) 3 : 59 .", "8 * ( 3 ) eugene june 02 18 . tim danielson ( california hs ) 3 : 59 .", "4 * ( 4 ) san diego june 11 19 . richard romo ( unattached ) 3 : 58 .", "8 * ( 1 ) woodland hills august 10 20 . ted nelson ( socal striders ) 3 : 59 .", "4 * ( 2 ) woodland hills august 10 21 . dave patrick ( villanova ) 3 : 59 .", "3i ( 1 ) new york february 17 22 . dave wilborn ( oregon ) 3 : 56 .", "2 * ( 3 ) bakersfield june 23 23 . tom von ruden ( 49er tc ) 3 : 56 .", "9 * ( 4 ) bakersfield june 23 24 . sam bair ( kent st ) 3 : 58 .", "7 ( 5 ) bakersfield june 23 25 . marty liquori ( new jersey hs ) 3 : 59 .", "8 ( 6 ) bakersfield june 23 26 . brian kivlan ( manhattan ) 3 : 57 .", "4 * ( 2 ) philadelphia june 01 27 . jerry richey ( pitt ) 3 : 58 .", "6 * ( 3 ) philadelphia june 01 28 . jack fath ( fordham ) 3 : 59 .", "5 * ( 5 ) philadelphia june 01 29 . pat traynor ( usaf ) 3 : 59 .", "0 * ( 3 ) walnut august 10 30 . chuck labenz ( arizona st ) 3 : 58 .", "4 ( 1 ) berkeley may 31 31 . john lawson ( pcc ) 3 : 59 .", "5 ( 4 ) berkeley may 31 32 . rick riley ( washington st ) 3 : 59 .", "2 * ( 1 ) westwood may 16 33 . duncan macdonald ( stanford ) 3 : 59 .", "6 ( 3 ) westwood may 16 34 . jim crawford ( unattached ) 3 : 59 .", "6 ( 1 ) modesto may 23 35 . howell michael ( william & mary ) 3 : 59 .", "0 ( 2 ) philadelphia may 30 36 . john mason ( pacific coast club ) 3 : 58 .", "4 ( 2 ) berkeley may 30 37 . steve prefontaine ( oregon ) 3 : 57 .", "4 ( 2 ) eugene june 05 38 . steve savage ( oregon ) 3 : 59 .", "2 * ( 5 ) eugene june 05 39 . dave wottle ( bowling green ) 3 : 59 .", "0 ( 1 ) bloomington june 06 40 . len hilton ( houston ) 3 : 59 .", "1i ( 2 ) houston february 13 41 . greg carlberg ( nebraska ) 3 : 59 .", "6i * ( 3 ) houston february 13 42 . larry rose ( oklahoma st ) 3 : 59 .", "5 ( 1 ) lawrence april 16 43 . lee labadie ( illinois ) 3 : 58 .", "8 * ( 1 ) carbondale may 11 44 . jerome howe ( kansas st ) 3 : 59 .", "4 ( 1 ) modesto may 29 45 . bob wheeler ( duke ) 3 : 59 .", "9 ( 2 ) seattle june 19 46 . john baker ( sports international ) 3 : 59 .", "8 * ( 3 ) eugene june 26 47 . mark winzenried ( club west ) 3 : 59 .", "5 * ( 2 ) los angeles march 04 48 . george young ( unattached ) 3 : 59 .", "6 * ( 3 ) los angeles march 04 49 . juris luzins ( quantico marines ) 3 : 58 .", "2 * ( 2 ) modesto may 27 50 . ken popejoy ( michigan st ) 3 : 59 .", "7 ( 4 ) los angeles june 9 51 . tony waldrop ( north carolina ) 3 : 58 .", "4 ( 1 ) raleigh april 21 52 . reggie mcafee ( north carolina ) 3 : 59 .", "3 ( 2 ) raleigh april 21 53 . barry brown ( florida tc ) 3 : 58 .", "8 * ( 2 ) gainesville may 13 54 . mark feig ( oregon ) 3 : 59 .", "5 ( 3 ) eugene may 19 55 . tommy fulton ( texas southern ) 3 : 57 .", "8 * ( 1 ) arkadelphia may 25 56 . charlie mcmullen ( missouri ) 3 : 59 .", "7 ( 1 ) east lansing may 26 57 . rick wohlhuter ( uctc ) 3 : 58 .", "8 ( 1 ) wichita june 02 58 . dick buerkle ( new york ac ) 3 : 58 .", "0 ( 1 ) gainesville june 04 59 . mark schilling ( san josé st ) 3 : 58 .", "6 * ( 6 ) baton rouge june 09 60 . paul geis ( oregon tc ) 3 : 58 .", "0 * ( 4 ) eugene june 20 61 . jim johnson ( club northwest ) 3 : 58 .", "8 * ( 6 ) eugene june 20 62 . scott daggatt ( oregon ) 3 : 59 .", "6 ( 7 ) eugene june 20 63 . mike slack ( unattached ) 3 : 59 .", "7i ( 1 ) fargo january 26 64 . reed fischer ( texas ) 3 : 59 .", "9i * ( 5 ) houston february 09 65 . greg gibson ( washington ) 3 : 59 .", "1i * ( 3 ) san diego february 16 66 . paul cummings ( byu ) 3 : 56 .", "4 * ( 1 ) tempe march 16 67 . steve wheeler ( duke ) 3 : 59 .", "4 * ( 1 ) raleigh april 20 68 . denis fikes ( penn ) 3 : 55 .", "0 * ( 2 ) philadelphia april 27 69 . karl thornton ( penn ) 3 : 57 .", "9 * ( 4 ) philadelphia april 27 70 . bruce fischer ( uctc ) 3 : 58 .", "5 * ( 3 ) wichita june 01 71 . ted castaneda ( colorado ) 3 : 58 .", "5 * ( 4 ) wichita june 01 72 . keith palmer ( kansas st ) 3 : 59 .", "2 * ( 5 ) wichita june 01 73 . jeff schemmel ( kansas st ) 3 : 59 .", "4 ( 6 ) wichita june 01 74 . keith munson ( ita ) 3 : 58 .", "5i * ( 2 ) los angeles march 22 75 . ken swenson ( ita ) 3 : 59 .", "1 * ( 2 ) durham may 03 76 . steve foster ( florida tc ) 3 : 58 .", "5 ( 1 ) gainesville may 06 77 . steve heidenreich ( indiana ) 3 : 59 .", "6 ( 2 ) bowling green may 10 78 . matt centrowitz ( new york ac ) 3 : 59 .", "2 ( 4 ) modesto may 24 79 . gary barger ( oregon ) 3 : 58 .", "8 * ( 1 ) eugene may 29 80 . mike durkin ( illinois ) 3 : 56 .", "7 * ( 2 ) wichita may 31 81 . steve bolt ( alabama ) 3 : 59 .", "4i * ( 1 ) baton rouge february 28 82 . rick musgrave ( colorado ) 3 : 59 .", "3 ( 5 ) wichita may 29 83 . steve scott ( uc irvine ) 3 : 59 .", "7i ( 3 ) los angeles january 15 84 . ron speirs ( new york ac ) 3 : 56 .", "9 * ( 4 ) philadelphia april 30 85 . steve lacy ( wisconsin ) 3 : 59 .", "64 ( 2 ) wichita may 27 86 . ed arriola ( arizona ) 3 : 59 .", "3 * ( 4 ) eugene june 14 87 . greg meyer ( athletic attic ) 3 : 59 .", "1i * ( 1 ) ann arbor january 28 88 . tom duits ( wn michigan ) 3 : 59 .", "2 * ( 3 ) philadelphia april 29 89 . don paige ( villanova ) 3 : 58 .", "10 ( 2 ) westwood may 07 90 . craig masback ( oxbridge ) 3 : 59 .", "6 ( 1 ) oxford june 17 91 . jerald jones ( santa monica tc ) 3 : 57 .", "9 * ( 7 ) oslo june 27 92 . jeff jirele ( santa monica tc ) 3 : 58 .", "26 * ( 8 ) stockholm july 03 93 . phil kane ( athletics west ) 3 : 59 .", "37 ( 9 ) stockholm july 03 94 . greg fredericks ( reading aa ) 3 : 59 .", "7 * ( 2 ) university park august 05 95 . mike manke ( athletics west ) 3 : 58 .", "83 * ( 4 ) berlin august 18 96 . mark belger ( athletic aattic ) 3 : 58 .", "4 ( 2 ) berkeley june 09 97 . ross donoghue ( st john ' s ) 3 : 58 .", "0 ( 4 ) piscataway june 23 98 . tom smith ( colorado ) 3 : 58 .", "3 ( 1 ) tillsonburg july 04 99 . andy clifford ( cal ) 3 : 59 .", "49 ( 4 ) gateshead july 08 100 . jim spivey ( indiana ) 3 : 58 .", "9i ( 3 ) louisville february 09 101 . ray wicksell ( sub - 4 tc ) 3 : 59 .", "7 ( 1 ) stanford march 22 102 . ron cornell ( ucla ) 3 : 57 .", "7 * ( 4 ) westwood may 11 103 . larry mangan ( penn st ) 3 : 58 .", "4 ( 1 ) university park may 16 104 . mike wyatt ( philly pioneers ) 3 : 58 .", "0 * ( 5 ) philadelphia may 18 105 . todd harbour ( baylor ) 3 : 58 .", "38 ( 5 ) stockholm july 07 106 . bill mcchesney ( oregon ) 3 : 59 .", "1 ( 2 ) eugene july 26 107 . richie harris ( athletics west ) 3 : 58 .", "2 ( 2 ) adelaide february 07 108 . tom byers ( athletics west ) 3 : 56 .", "0i ( 3 ) inglewood february 13 109 . doug padilla ( athletics west ) 3 : 56 .", "6i ( 3 ) daly city february 21 110 . chuck aragon ( notre dame ) 3 : 59 .", "92i ( 1 ) champaign february 28 111 . dan aldridge ( sub - 4 tc ) 3 : 59 .", "9 ( 2 ) san josé april 11 112 . rudy chapa ( oregon ) 3 : 57 .", "04 * ( 3 ) eugene may 28 113 . ed spinney ( athletics west ) 3 : 57 .", "34 * ( 4 ) eugene may 28 114 . ken martin ( athletics west ) 3 : 57 .", "84 * ( 5 ) eugene may 28 115 . john gregorek ( georgetown ) 3 : 57 .", "10 ( 5 ) villanova may 30 116 .", "+ sydney maree ( athletic attic ) 3 : 48 .", "83 ( 1 ) rieti september 09 • ( + maree had previous sub - 4 : 00s , but not representing u . s . ) 117 . frank assumma ( uc riverside ) 3 : 57 .", "3i ( 2 ) los angeles january 22 118 . dan heikkinen ( athletics west ) 3 : 59 .", "05i * ( 1 ) ann arbor january 23 119 . vince draddy ( virginia ) 3 : 58 .", "2i * ( 4 ) boston february 13 120 . roger jones ( auburn ) 3 : 58 .", "4i ( 5 ) boston february 13 121 . thom hunt ( athletics west ) 3 : 59 .", "5i ( 6 ) boston february 13 122 . mark fricker ( oregon st ) 3 : 58 .", "3 * ( 1 ) corvallis may 08 123 . jim hill ( oregon ) 3 : 56 .", "41 * ( 1 ) eugene may 15 124 . joe fabris ( aggie rc ) 3 : 58 .", "3 * ( 9 ) eugene june 05 125 . steve plasencia ( athletics west ) 3 : 58 .", "34 * ( 5 ) london july 17 126 . chris fox ( athletics west ) 3 : 59 .", "0i * ( 2 ) johnson city january 15 127 . kevin johnson ( east tennessee ) 3 : 59 .", "1i ( 3 ) johnson city january 15 128 . jay woods ( unattached ) 3 : 58 .", "2i ( 2 ) daly city february 11 129 . brian diemer ( michican ) 3 : 59 .", "93i * ( 1 ) ann arbor february 12 130 . dub myers ( oregon ) 3 : 57 .", "06 ( 1 ) eugene may 14 131 . gary gustafson ( club northwest ) 3 : 58 .", "4 * ( 4 ) vancouver june 01 132 . kevin ryan ( athletics west ) 3 : 57 .", "60 ( 5 ) eugene june 04 133 . adam dixon ( harvard ) 3 : 59 .", "39 ( 7 ) luxembourg july 20 134 . randy wilson ( athletics west ) 3 : 58 .", "74 * ( 3 ) eugene may 12 135 . mike blackmore ( oregon ) 3 : 59 .", "80 ( 4 ) eugene may 12 136 . terry brahm ( indiana ) 3 : 59 .", "35 ( 2 ) tillsonburg july 07 137 . brian theriot ( adidas ) 3 : 56 .", "10 * ( 8 ) oslo july 21 138 . jim mckeon ( richmond ) 3 : 58 .", "62 ( 6 ) johnson city january 19 139 . cliff sheehan ( harvard ) 3 : 59 .", "2 * ( 4 ) philadelphia april 27 140 . gary lewis ( fresno st ) 3 : 58 .", "6 * ( 7 ) san josé may 25 141 . richard block ( bob schul rt ) 3 : 59 .", "84 * ( 2 ) tillsonburg june 29 142 . henry marsh ( athletics west ) 3 : 59 .", "31 * ( 3 ) bern august 16 143 . mike stahr ( new york pioneers ) 3 : 58 .", "79i ( 1 ) allston january 26 144 . jeff atkinson ( stanford ) 3 : 56 .", "49 ( 2 ) modesto may 10 145 . earl jones ( santa monica tc ) 3 : 58 .", "76 * ( 4 ) westwood may 17 146 . marty hemsley ( adidas ) 3 : 59 .", "70 * ( 4 ) eugene may 17 147 . kevin king ( club connecticut ) 3 : 58 .", "31 * ( 5 ) villanova june 14 148 . maurice smith ( adams st ) 3 : 59 .", "70 ( 7 ) belfast june 30 149 . james murphy ( indiana tc ) 3 : 59 .", "99i * ( 2 ) indanapolis january 16 150 . joe falcon ( arkansas ) 3 : 56 .", "77i ( 1 ) fayetteville january 31 151 . gawain guy ( h & r ) 3 : 58 .", "56 ( 2 ) modesto may 9 152 . harold kuphaldt ( oregon ) 3 : 59 .", "73 * ( 2 ) eugene may 16 153 . rich bergesen ( oregon ) 3 : 59 .", "79 * ( 3 ) eugene may 16 154 . brian abshire ( athletics west ) 3 : 58 .", "62i * ( 2 ) johnson city january 22 155 . steve ave ( new balance ) 3 : 59 .", "09i ( 3 ) allston january 31 156 . roosevelt jackson ( reebok ) 3 : 59 .", "41i * ( 3 ) new york february 05 157 . john quade ( arizona ) 3 : 57 .", "3i ( 1 ) notre dame february 06 158 . darryl frerker ( unattached ) 3 : 58 .", "1i ( 2 ) notr edame february 06 159 . karl van calcar ( oregon st ) 3 : 59 .", "35 * ( 1 ) corvallis may 07 160 . tim hacker ( athletics west ) 3 : 55 .", "7 ( 4 ) westwood june 05 161 . bruce stirling ( reebok ) 3 : 59 .", "1 * ( 5 ) eugene july 02 162 . brian jaeger ( nike boston ) 3 : 59 .", "47i * ( 2 ) johnson city january 27 163 . reuben reina ( arkansas ) 3 : 58 .", "88i ( 2 ) ft . worth february 18 164 . bob whelan ( kentucky ) 3 : 58 .", "82i ( 3 ) indianapolis march 11 165 . mark coogan ( nike boston ) 3 : 58 .", "81 * ( 1 ) dedham june 10 166 . brad schlapak ( northeastern ) 3 : 59 .", "91 ( 2 ) dedham june 10 167 . greg whiteley ( brown ) 3 : 59 .", "15 ( 5 ) westwood june 10 168 . paul greer ( san diego tc ) 3 : 59 .", "79 * ( 6 ) westwood june 10 169 . eddie slowikowski ( loyola ) 3 : 59 .", "36i ( 1 ) boston february 18 170 . eric henry ( arkansas ) 3 : 59 .", "18i ( 2 ) indianapolis march 10 171 . jim norris ( new balance ) 3 : 59 .", "5 * ( 1 ) holmdel june 23 172 . matt taylor ( fox ) 3 : 57 .", "84i * ( 2 ) fayetteville january 25 173 . bill burke ( princeton ) 3 : 58 .", "70i ( 1 ) new york february 01 174 . mark deady ( nike indiana ) 3 : 58 .", "65i * ( 1 ) boston february 16 175 . charles marsala ( nike indiana ) 3 : 58 .", "73i * ( 2 ) boston february 16 176 . mike michno ( new balance ) 3 : 58 .", "94i * ( 3 ) boston february 16 177 . bill rathbun ( boston aa ) 3 : 59 .", "94i * ( 4 ) boston february 16 178 . bob kennedy ( indiana ) 3 : 58 .", "11i ( 1 ) indianapolis march 09 179 . john trautmann ( georgetown ) 3 : 58 .", "52i ( 4 ) indianapolis march 09 180 . matt giusto ( mizuno ) 3 : 59 .", "18 ( 3 ) stanford march 30 181 . gerry donakowski ( nike north ) 3 : 59 .", "1 * ( 4 ) dedham june 9 182 . terrance herrington ( nike atlantic ) 3 : 55 .", "61 ( 8 ) villeneuve - d ’ ascq july 01 183 . christian cushing - murray ( smtc ) 3 : 57 .", "70 ( 10 ) villeneuve - d ’ ascq july 01 184 . len sitko ( unattached ) 3 : 59 .", "29i * ( 4 ) birmingham march 14 185 . ernie freer ( bulldog tc ) 3 : 59 .", "04 * ( 1 ) fresno april 04 186 . steve holman ( georgetown ) 3 : 53 .", "31 ( 4 ) oslo july 04 187 . paul vandegrift ( william & mary ) 3 : 59 .", "60 ( 3 ) belfast august 31 188 . erik nedeau ( northeastern ) 3 : 59 .", "68i ( 1 ) boston february 27 189 . aaron ramirez ( mizuno ) 3 : 59 .", "57 * ( 3 ) san francisco may 15 190 . jim sorenson ( reebok ) 3 : 59 .", "70 ( 4 ) san francisco may 15 191 . ronnie harris ( sallie mae tc ) 3 : 58 .", "03 * ( 5 ) eugene june 05 192 . bob lesko ( sallie mae tc ) 3 : 58 .", "23 * ( 6 ) eugene june 05 193 . danny maas ( reebok ) 3 : 58 .", "83 * ( 7 ) eugene june 05 194 . mark dailey ( new york ac ) 3 : 57 .", "16 * ( 12 ) oslo july 10 195 . mark sivieri ( unattached ) 3 : 59 .", "85i * ( 2 ) boston january 28 196 . dave wittman ( nike texas ) 3 : 59 .", "28i ( 2 ) notre dame february 05 197 . buck jones ( club northwest ) 3 : 57 .", "43 * ( 3 ) eugene june 04 198 . shannon lemora ( nike oregon ) 3 : 57 .", "47 * ( 4 ) eugene june 04 199 . benny mcintosh ( asics ) 3 : 58 .", "25 * ( 6 ) eugene june 04 200 . chris katon ( unattached ) 3 : 59 .", "19 * ( 9 ) eugene june 04 201 . jon warren ( nike texas ) 3 : 59 .", "30 * ( 10 ) eugene june 04 202 . jim howarth ( nikerr ) 3 : 59 .", "75 * ( 12 ) eugene june 04 203 . shane healy ( brc ) 3 : 59 .", "23 * ( 7 ) cork june 25 204 . brian hyde ( william & mary ) 3 : 59 .", "92i ( 2 ) johnson city january 28 205 . paul mcmullen ( eastern michigan ) 3 : 57 .", "34i ( 2 ) notre dame february 04 206 . jason pyrah ( mizuno ) 3 : 58 .", "43i ( 2 ) los angeles february 11 207 . brad sumner ( nyac ) 3 : 59 .", "11 * ( 2 ) philadelphia april 29 208 . tom nohilly ( reebok east ) 3 : 59 .", "75 * ( 4 ) philadelphia april 29 209 . gordon johnson ( brooks ) 3 : 56 .", "24 * ( 9 ) eugene june 04 210 . matt holthaus ( reebok east ) 3 : 58 .", "80i ( 1 ) allston february 10 211 . michael cox ( nike ) 3 : 59 .", "20 * ( 1 ) lawrence april 20 212 . dan browne ( army ) 3 : 59 .", "37i ( 1 ) annapolis february 01 213 . corey ihmels ( iowa st ) 3 : 59 .", "70i * ( 2h ) indianapolis march 07 214 . alan culpepper ( adidas ) 3 : 58 .", "15 ( 5 ) portland may 11 215 . richie boulet ( new balance ) 3 : 58 .", "62 ( 6 ) portland may 11 216 . karl paranya ( haverford ) 3 : 57 .", "6 ( 2 ) haverford may 14 217 . jamey harris ( reebok aggies ) 3 : 59 .", "19 ( 1 ) stanford may 27 218 . marc davis ( nike ) 3 : 54 .", "30 * ( 8 ) nice july 16 219 . darin shearer ( cms ) 3 : 59 .", "76 ( 2 ) falmouth august 16 220 . david krummenacker ( georgia tech ) 3 : 58 .", "62i ( 2 ) gainesville february 07 221 . ryan travis ( arkansas ) 3 : 59 .", "69i ( 1 ) ames february 07 222 . seneca lassiter ( arkansas ) 3 : 59 .", "60i ( 4 ) new york february 13 223 . brian gallagher ( la salle ) 3 : 59 .", "91i * ( 2 ) boston february 14 224 . gabe jennings ( stanford ) 3 : 59 .", "32 ( 3 ) walnut april 19 225 . brian baker ( new balance ) 3 : 58 .", "80 * ( 3 ) brunswick july 04 226 . michael stember ( stanford ) 3 : 59 .", "31 ( 5 ) brunswick july 04 227 . scott anderson ( reebok east ) 3 : 59 .", "80 ( 7 ) brunswick july 04 228 . bryan berryhill ( colorado st ) 3 : 56 .", "52 ( 2 ) wanganui january 16 229 . tim broe ( alabama ) 3 : 59 .", "38i ( 1 ) notre dame february 06 230 . jonathon riley ( stanford ) 3 : 58 .", "72i ( 2 ) ames february 06 231 . adam goucher ( fila ) 3 : 57 .", "63 ( 1 ) eugene may 15 232 . jason lunn ( farm team ) 3 : 58 .", "42i ( 2 ) boston january 29 233 . rich kenah ( new balance ) 3 : 59 .", "43i * ( 6 ) fayetteville february 12 234 . dwight davis ( tulsa ) 3 : 59 .", "29 * ( 3 ) walnut april 16 235 . sam gabremariam ( reebok east ) 3 : 59 .", "17 * ( 4 ) philadelphia april 29 236 . steve fein ( oregon ) 3 : 59 .", "35 * ( 3 ) eugene may 13 237 . mike miller ( ftw ) 3 : 59 .", "86 ( 5 ) eugene may 13 238 . alan webb ( virginia hs ) 3 : 59 .", "86i ( 3 ) new york city january 20 239 . dan wilson ( unattached ) 3 : 59 .", "14i * ( 4 ) roxbury crossing february 04 240 . sharif karie ( arkansas ) 3 : 59 .", "60i * ( 6 ) fayetteville february 10 241 . charlie gruber ( kansas ) 3 : 58 .", "51i ( 2 ) fayetteville march 10 242 . jeremy tolman ( weber st ) 3 : 59 .", "99i * ( 6 ) fayetteville march 10 243 . andy downin ( wisconsin rrt ) 3 : 59 .", "39 ( 2 ) des moines april 28 244 . clay schwabe ( army ) 3 : 59 .", "43 * ( 4 ) princeton may 12 245 . ibrahim aden ( nike ) 3 : 56 .", "95 ( 7 ) portland june 03 246 . jeremy huffman ( farm team ) 3 : 59 .", "81i * ( 5 ) new york city march 01 247 . eric garner ( washington ) 3 : 58 .", "93i * ( 1 ) seattle march 02 248 . donald sage ( stanford ) 3 : 59 .", "49i * ( 2 ) seattle march 02 249 . brandon strong ( arizona st ) 3 : 59 .", "59i * ( 3 ) seattle march 02 250 . ray hughes ( nike ) 3 : 59 .", "78i * ( 4 ) seattle march 02 251 . matt lane ( nike ) 3 : 57 .", "57 * ( 10 ) eugene may 26 252 . bolota asmerom ( nike ) 3 : 59 .", "86 * ( 1 ) stanford june 08 253 . rob myers ( ohio st ) 3 : 58 .", "64i ( 1 ) lexington february 08 254 . luke watson ( notre dame ) 3 : 57 .", "83i * ( 1 ) notre dame february 08 255 . ian connor ( nike ) 3 : 58 .", "24i * ( 5 ) notre dame february 08 256 . jason long ( asics ) 3 : 59 .", "99i * ( 4 ) new york city february 15 257 . grant robison ( stanford ) 3 : 58 .", "95i * ( 1 ) seattle march 08 258 . jordan desilets ( en michigan ) 3 : 59 .", "83i * ( 4 ) notre dame february 07 259 . nathan robison ( byu ) 3 : 59 .", "99i * ( 1 ) seattle february 14 260 . steve slattery ( nike ) 3 : 59 .", "78 ( 7 ) eugene june 19 261 . aaron lanzel ( us navy ) 3 : 59 .", "88 * ( 8 ) eugene june 19 262 . said ahmed ( arkansas ) 3 : 57 .", "33 ( 2 ) burnaby july 01 263 . chris estwanik ( nike farm team ) 3 : 58 .", "17 * ( 3 ) burnaby july 01 264 . daniel lincoln ( nike ) 3 : 57 .", "68 * ( 11 ) london july 30 265 . bernard lagat ( nike ) 3 : 53 .", "61i ( 2 ) roxbury crossing january 29 266 . scott mcgowan ( new balance ) 3 : 58 .", "91i ( 7 ) roxbury crossing january 29 267 . sean jefferson ( indiana ) 3 : 56 .", "44i * ( 1 ) notre dame february 05 268 . john jefferson ( indiana ) 3 : 57 .", "85i ( 2 ) notre dame february 05 269 . leo manzano ( texas ) 3 : 59 .", "86i ( 1 ) lincoln february 26 270 . jon rankin ( ucla ) 3 : 57 .", "89 ( 1 ) westwood april 09 271 . bryan lindsay ( byu ) 3 : 59 .", "16 * ( 2 ) westwood april 09 272 . anthony famiglietti ( adidas ) 3 : 58 .", "23 ( 1 ) nashville june 04 273 . sean o ’ brien ( nike farm team ) 3 : 59 .", "05i ( 1 ) seattle january 14 274 . elliott blount ( nike farm team ) 3 : 59 .", "61i * ( 4 ) seattle january 14 275 . chris lukezic ( reebok ) 3 : 58 .", "53i ( 10 ) roxbury crossing january 28 276 . ryan kleimenhagen ( team minnesota ) 3 : 59 .", "00i * ( 11 ) roxbury crossing january 28 277 . russell brown ( stanford ) 3 : 59 .", "65i ( 3 ) fayetteville february 10 278 . austin abbott ( washington ) 3 : 59 .", "47i ( 2 ) seattle february 11 279 . stephen pifer ( colorado ) 3 : 59 .", "55i ( 3 ) seattle february 11 280 . christian smith ( kansas st ) 3 : 59 .", "60i * ( 2 ) ames march 04 281 . michael mcgrath ( oregon ) 3 : 59 .", "25i * ( 1 ) seattle march 04 282 . jason jabaut ( nike farm team ) 3 : 59 .", "07 ( 4 ) beaverton may 04 283 . matt tegenkamp ( nike ) 3 : 56 .", "38 * ( 1 ) madison may 06 284 . chris solinsky ( wisconsin ) 3 : 57 .", "80 ( 2 ) madison may 06 285 . nick symmonds ( oregon tc ) 3 : 56 .", "72i * ( 1 ) seattle january 13 286 . garrett heath ( stanford ) 3 : 59 .", "60i ( 2 ) seattle january 13 287 . blake boldon ( saucony ) 3 : 59 .", "18i * ( 1 ) ames march 03 288 . josh mcdougal ( liberty ) 3 : 57 .", "46 * ( 1 ) lynchburg march 31 289 . david torrence ( cal ) 3 : 58 .", "62 ( 1 ) berkeley april 28 290 . sean graham ( oregon tc ) 3 : 58 .", "4 * ( 2 ) beaverton may 10 291 . bobby curtis ( villanova ) 3 : 57 .", "20 * ( 1 ) swarthmore may 20 292 . michael kerrigan ( villanova ) 3 : 59 .", "60 * ( 2 ) swarthmore may 20 293 . jeff see ( unattached ) 3 : 58 .", "70 ( 2 ) nashville june 02 294 . jake watson ( notre dame ) 3 : 59 .", "40 * ( 3 ) nashville june 02 295 . ben gregory ( wisconsin rrt ) 3 : 59 .", "69 * ( 4 ) nashville june 02 296 . ben true ( dartmouth ) 3 : 59 .", "99 ( 1 ) cambridge june 17 297 . seth summerside ( adidas ) 3 : 57 .", "84 * ( 4 ) braschaat july 21 298 . will leer ( oregon tc ) 3 : 59 .", "83i ( 1 ) seattle january 26 299 . andrew bumbalough ( georgetown ) 3 : 58 .", "46i ( 1 ) new haven february 02 300 . john richardson ( kentucky ) 3 : 59 .", "35i * ( 2 ) lexington february 02 301 . steve sherer ( athletic performance ) 3 : 56 .", "00i * ( 1 ) seattle february 02 302 . kyle perry ( byu ) 3 : 59 .", "16i * ( 2 ) seattle february 02 303 . kyle alcorn ( arizona state ) 3 : 59 .", "82i * ( 3 ) seattle february 02 304 . jack bolas ( wisconsin ) 3 : 59 .", "40i ( 1 ) notre dame february 09 305 . jordan fife ( brooks indiana ) 3 : 59 .", "75i * ( 2 ) notre dame february 09 306 . brandon bethke ( wisconsin ) 3 : 59 .", "85i ( 3 ) notre dame february 09 308 . darren brown ( texas ) 3 : 59 .", "99 ( 3 ) austin april 05 309 . laef barnes ( ucla ) 3 : 59 .", "96 * ( 1 ) westwood april 12 310 . scott bauhs ( chico state ) 3 : 59 .", "81 * ( 1 ) chico april 12 311 . andrew wheating ( oregon ) 3 : 58 .", "16 ( 1 ) eugene april 26 312 . lopez lomong ( nike ) 3 : 53 .", "97 ( 5 ) eugene june 08 313 . german fernandez ( oklahoma st ) 3 : 56 .", "50i ( 1 ) fayetteville january 24 314 . dorian ulrey ( arkansas ) 3 : 57 .", "60i ( 2 ) fayetteville january 24 315 . liam boylan - pett ( unattached ) 3 : 59 .", "40i ( 1 ) university park january 31 316 . shane knoll ( michigan state ) 3 : 57 .", "36i * ( 1 ) notre dame february 07 317 . justin switzer ( michigan ) 3 : 58 .", "86i * ( 3 ) notre dame february 07 318 . jacob boone ( oklahoma ) 3 : 59 .", "07i * ( 4 ) notre dame february 07 319 . matthew centrowitz ( oregon ) 3 : 57 .", "92i ( 1 ) seattle february 14 320 . craig miller ( wisconsin ) 3 : 59 .", "09i ( 1 ) notre dame march 07 321 . galen rupp ( oregon ) 3 : 57 .", "86i ( 1 ) seattle march 07 322 . michael coe ( cal ) 3 : 56 .", "18 * ( 1 ) berkeley april 25 323 . tommy schmitz ( saucony ) 3 : 58 .", "92 ( 3 ) berkeley april 25 324 . derek scott ( brooks ) 3 : 57 .", "87 * ( 2 ) st . louis may 23 325 . tom brooks ( oregon tc ) 3 : 59 .", "31 * ( 1 ) beaverton may 28 326 . dan strackeljahn ( big river rc ) 3 : 59 .", "77 * ( 2 ) murfreesboro june 06 327 . evan jager ( oregon tc ) 3 : 54 .", "35 ( 7 ) eugene june 07 328 . jordan mcnamara ( oregon ) 3 : 59 .", "87 ( 1 ) eugene july 16 329 . mark thompson ( unat ) 3 : 59 .", "29 * ( 3 ) brasschaat july 25 330 . andrew bayer ( indiana ) 3 : 58 .", "98i ( 4 ) bloomington january 29 331 . erik van ingen ( binghamton ) 3 : 59 .", "58i ( 1 ) university park january 30 332 . abdi hassan ( arizona ) 3 : 59 .", "76i ( 3 ) seattle january 30 333 . alex mcclary ( unattached ) 3 : 57 .", "32i * ( 2 ) fayetteville february 12 334 . andy mcclary ( unattached ) 3 : 58 .", "95i ( 5 ) fayetteville february 12 335 . riley masters ( maine ) 3 : 59 .", "97i ( 1 ) allston february 13 336 . dylan ferris ( stanford ) 3 : 58 .", "90i * ( 1 ) seattle february 13 337 . eric harasyn ( oklahoma ) 3 : 59 .", "97i ( 3 ) seattle february 13 338 . mac fleet ( oregon ) 3 : 57 .", "70i ( 2 ) seattle february 13 339 . mark matusak ( cal ) 3 : 58 .", "36i * ( 3 ) seattle february 13 340 . jordan horn ( adidas ) 3 : 58 .", "67i * ( 5 ) seattle february 13 341 . andrew jesien ( unattached ) 3 : 58 .", "91i * ( 7 ) seattle february 13 342 . sam bair jr . ( unattached ) 3 : 59 .", "72i * ( 10 ) seattle february 13 343 . kyle merber ( columbia ) 3 : 58 .", "52i ( 1 ) new york march 05 344 . tony jordanek ( unattached ) 3 : 58 .", "80i * ( 2 ) new york march 05 345 . kyle heath ( unattached ) 3 : 59 .", "83i * ( 4 ) new york march 05 346 . ben blankenship ( minnesota ) 3 : 57 .", "87i ( 1 ) seattle march 06 347 . blake shaw ( usc ) 3 : 59 .", "85i * ( 5 ) seattle march 06 348 . steve sodaro ( cal ) 3 : 59 .", "42 * ( 2 ) berkeley april 24 349 . kyle king ( unattached ) 3 : 59 .", "84 * ( 4 ) nashville june 05 350 . rob novak ( new york ac ) 3 : 59 .", "70i ( 4 ) new york january 22 351 . cory leslie ( ohio st ) 3 : 57 .", "97i ( 1 ) university park january 29 352 . patrick casey ( montana st ) 3 : 59 .", "76i ( 1 ) bozeman february 04 353 . mack chaffee ( ragged mtn ) 3 : 58 .", "80i * ( 5 ) boston february 12 354 . miles batty ( byu ) 3 : 55 .", "79i ( 2 ) seattle february 12 355 . duncan phillips ( arkansas ) 3 : 58 .", "82i * ( 5 ) seattle february 12 356 . michael hammond ( va tech ) 3 : 58 .", "41i ( 1 ) notre dame march 05 357 . jeff thode ( iowa ) 3 : 58 .", "72i * ( 2 ) notre dame march 05 358 . james cameron ( washington ) 3 : 58 .", "51i * ( 2 ) seattle march 05 359 . matt elliott ( brooks ) 3 : 58 .", "96 ( 1 ) nashville june 04 360 . patrick todd ( unattached ) 3 : 59 .", "76 * ( 4 ) nashville june 04 361 . kyle miller ( nike ) 3 : 55 .", "38 * ( 5 ) eugene june 04 362 . timothy ritchie ( boston aa ) 3 : 58 .", "49i * ( 2 ) boston january 28 363 . christian gonzalez ( new jersey / new york tc ) 3 : 59 .", "98i * ( 4 ) boston january 28 364 . ryan hill ( north carolina st ) 3 : 58 .", "33i ( 1 ) blacksburg february 04 365 . peter callahan ( princeton ) 3 : 58 .", "86i ( 1 ) university park february 04 366 . brian gagnon ( new jersey / new york tc ) 3 : 57 .", "91i * ( 2 ) boston february 11 367 . eric jenkins ( northeastern ) 3 : 59 .", "18i ( 4 ) boston february 11 368 . alex hatz ( wisconsin ) 3 : 58 .", "68i * ( 1 ) fayetteville february 11 369 . george alex ( oklahoma ) 3 : 58 .", "76i * ( 2 ) fayetteville february 11 370 . frezer legesse ( oklahoma ) 3 : 58 .", "95i ( 4 ) fayetteville february 11 371 . michael atchoo ( stanford ) 3 : 59 .", "92i ( 1 ) seattle february 11 372 . robby creese ( penn st ) 3 : 59 .", "52i ( 2 ) seattle february 11 373 . matt maldonado ( long beach st ) 3 : 59 .", "08i * ( 1 ) seattle february 25 374 . chris derrick ( stanford ) 3 : 59 .", "13i * ( 2 ) seattle february 25 375 . joe stilin ( princeton ) 3 : 59 .", "98i ( 4 ) new york march 03 376 . kirubel erassa ( oklahoma st ) 3 : 58 .", "84i ( 1 ) notre dame march 03 378 . john mickowski ( unattached ) 3 : 57 .", "59i * ( 1 ) seattle march 03 379 . dan huling ( reebok ) 3 : 58 .", "24i ( 2 ) seattle march 03 380 . nick happe ( arizona st ) 3 : 58 .", "73i * ( 3 ) seattle march 03 381 . david adams ( unattached ) 3 : 58 .", "44 * ( 3 ) lawrence april 21 382 . ryan witt ( unattached ) 3 : 59 .", "91 * ( 2 ) roanoke may 10 383 . bobby mack ( unattached ) 3 : 59 .", "70 * ( 1 ) warwick may 29 384 . elliott heath ( stanford ) 3 : 58 .", "48 * ( 3 ) cork july 17 385 . andrew poore ( adidas ) 3 : 58 .", "85i * ( 1 ) bloomington january 25 386 . brannon kidder ( penn state ) 3 : 59 .", "48i ( 1 ) university park 387 . shane moskowitz ( oklahoma st ) 3 : 59 .", "48i * ( 6 ) fayetteville january 26 388 . austin mudd ( wisconsin ) 3 : 59 .", "33i ( 1 ) notre dame 389 . ryan mcniff ( adidas ) 3 : 59 .", "11i * ( 3 ) fayetteville 390 . christopher fallon ( ohio st ) 3 : 59 .", "37i * ( 4 ) fayetteville february 08 391 . chad noelle ( oregon ) 3 : 59 .", "57i ( 1 ) seattle february 09 392 . donn cabral ( nike ) 3 : 56 .", "41i * ( 3 ) seattle february 09 393 . brett johnson ( oregon ) 3 : 58 .", "62i * ( 6 ) seattle february 09 394 . tyler stutzman ( stanford ) 3 : 58 .", "85i ( 2 ) seattle february 23 395 . matt miner ( oregon ) 3 : 59 .", "01i * ( 3 ) seattle february 23 396 . jeramy elkaim ( oregon ) 3 : 59 .", "18i * ( 4 ) seattle february 23 397 . john simons ( minnesota ) 3 : 59 .", "32i * ( 1 ) notre dame march 02 398 . michael rutt ( new jersey / new york tc ) 3 : 57 .", "18 * ( 2 ) philadelphia april 27 399 . tyler mulder ( nike ) 3 : 57 .", "37 * ( 3 ) philadelphia april 27 400 . robby andrews ( adidas ) 3 : 57 .", "82 ( 4 ) philadelphia april 27 401 . owen dawson ( unattached ) 3 : 59 .", "74 * ( 5 ) philadelphia april 27 402 . dan clark ( unattached ) 3 : 59 .", "45 ( 2 ) st . louis 403 . isaac presson ( north carolina ) 3 : 58 .", "67 * ( 2 ) nashville june 01 404 . dey dey ( unattached ) 3 : 59 .", "96 * ( 3 ) nashville june 01 405 . trevor dunbar ( unattached ) 3 : 59 .", "06 ( 1 ) portland july 15 406 . rob finnerty ( wisconsin ) 3 : 59 .", "42 * ( 2 ) portland july 15 407 . dan lowry ( michigan ) 3 : 59 .", "30 ( 6 ) saline august 04 408 . will geoghegan ( dartmouth ) 3 : 58 .", "04i ( 1 ) boston january 25 409 . daniel quigley ( oregon tc ) 3 : 59 .", "59i * ( 4 ) seattle january 31 410 . jake edwards ( columbus rc ) 3 : 59 .", "47i ( 2 ) geneva february 01 411 . travis mahoney ( new jersey / new york tc ) 3 : 58 .", "61i * ( 5 ) boston 412 . pat mcgregor ( new jersey / new york tc ) 3 : 58 .", "70i * ( 6 ) boston 413 . taylor gilland ( boston sharks ) 3 : 58 .", "77i * ( 7 ) boston february 08 414 . michael williams ( princeton ) 3 : 59 .", "63i * ( 1 ) boston february 08 415 . sam penzenstadler ( loyola / chicago ) 3 : 58 .", "21i ( 2 ) notre dame february 08 416 . matt hillenbrand ( kentucky ) 3 : 57 .", "00i * ( 2 ) ames february 15 417 . izaic yorks ( washington ) 3 : 59 .", "04i ( 4 ) seattle february 15 418 . jesse garn ( binghamton ) 3 : 59 .", "37i ( 1 ) boston march 02 419 . andrew colley ( north carolina st ) 3 : 59 .", "34 ( 5 ) greenville april 12 420 . thomas awad ( penn ) 3 : 58 .", "34 ( 1 ) philadelphia april 26 421 . eric finan ( team minnesota ) 3 : 58 .", "73 * ( 1 ) concord june 05 422 . eric avila ( unattached ) 3 : 56 .", "89 ( 1 ) san diego june 05 423 . colby alexander ( oregon ) 3 : 59 .", "69 ( 4 ) burnaby july 10 424 . ford palmer ( new jersey / new york tc ) 3 : 57 .", "61 ( 1 ) raleigh august 01 425 . donnie cowart ( unattached ) 3 : 58 .", "43 * ( 2 ) raleigh august 01 426 . sean mcgorty ( stanford ) 3 : 59 .", "34i ( 2 ) seattle january 17 427 . mike marsella ( virginia ) 3 : 59 .", "97i * ( 1 ) boston january 31 428 . ahmed bile ( georgetown ) 3 : 59 .", "04i ( 2 ) university park january 31 429 . martin hehir ( syracuse ) 3 : 59 .", "81i * ( 4 ) university park january 31 430 . steve mangan ( boston aa ) 3 : 58 .", "24i * ( 4 ) boston february 14 431 . amos bartelsmeyer ( georgetown ) 3 : 58 .", "45i ( 1 ) boston february 14 432 . ryan manahan ( georgetown ) 3 : 58 .", "57i * ( 3 ) boston february 14 433 . michael lederhouse ( georgetown ) 3 : 59 .", "54i ( 4 ) boston february 14 434 . johnny gregorek ( oregon ) 3 : 57 .", "47i ( 10 ) new york february 14 435 . nate mcclafferty ( duke ) 3 : 59 .", "95i * ( 3 ) ames february 14 436 . cristian soratos ( montana st ) 3 : 55 .", "27i ( 1 ) seattle february 14 437 . daniel winn ( oregon ) 3 : 57 .", "62i ( 4 ) seattle february 14 438 . jake hurysz ( colorado ) 3 : 58 .", "13i ( 5 ) seattle february 14 439 . matt daniels ( adams state ) 3 : 59 .", "89i * ( 2 ) seattle february 15 440 . thomas coyle ( stanford ) 3 : 59 .", "32i * ( 3 ) seattle february 28 441 . thomas joyce ( cal ) 3 : 58 .", "69 ( 1 ) 442 . matthew maton ( oregon hs ) 3 : 59 .", "38 ( 3 ) eugene may 08 443 . jarrett leblanc ( unattached ) 3 : 59 .", "95 * ( 1 ) lake charles may 23 444 . tyler pennel ( zap ) 3 : 58 .", "99 * ( 2 ) st . louis june 04 445 . grant fisher ( michigan hs ) 3 : 59 .", "38 * ( 3 ) st . louis june 04 446 . brandon lasater ( georgia tech ) 3 : 59 .", "24 * ( 1 ) nashville june 06 447 . lex williams ( brooks ) 3 : 59 .", "40 * ( 4 ) raleigh august 07 448 . brandon hudgins ( load anarchy ) 3 : 59 .", "67 * ( 5 ) raleigh august 07 449 . hassan mead ( oregon tc ) 3 : 59 .", "89 * ( 3 ) portland august 08 470 . james randon ( yale ) 3 : 58 .", "85i * ( 1 ) boston march 06 489 . craig engels ( mississippi ) 3 : 57 .", "67 * ( 2 ) raleigh august 04 490 . drew piazza ( virginia tech ) 3 : 59 .", "03 * ( 6 ) raleigh august 04 491 . andrew dusing ( miami / ohio ) 3 : 59 .", "10 * ( 8 ) raleigh august 04 492 . tripp hurt ( team run eugene ) 3 : 59 .", "46 * ( 9 ) raleigh august 04 <EOS>" ]

[ [ "release", "on november 19 idol group member yong jun - hyung made an announcement on twitter of a mysterious track list but did not provide any further explanation , leading many fans to believe it as his solo project debut . the album was officially announced on november 21 , 2012 , titled \" the first collage \" , and yong jun - hyung will actually act as a producer for his fellow group member yoseob . a series of mv still teasers were released in the next few days followed by the music video teaser , released november 23 . to date , it has sold 53 , 754 copies ." ] ]

[ "< EOT > more than anything , to the 5 boroughs is the beasties & apos ; valentine to the city where they , and rap , were born .", "it is a brash , passionate toast to what we lost on 9 / 11 ( in the cover illustration , the twin towers are still standing ) and what survives : in memory , on the ground .", "the raps are packed with local cuisine ( blimpies , murray & apos ; s cheese shop on bleecker street ) and nostalgia ( yauch : \" used to ride the d to beat the morning bell at edward r . murrow [ high school ] out on avenue l \" ) .", "and in \" an open letter to nyc , \" the beasties celebrate the city \" that blends and mends and tests , \" mixing prayer and pride with sampled shots of 50 cent , rza and nas over the killer riff from the dead boys & apos ; \" sonic reducer . \"", "it & apos ; s a dark whirl , but never maudlin : \" 2 towers down but you & apos ; re still in the game , \" diamond crows , a line that also has everything to do with the state and fate of the nation .", "the beasties are new york from head to heel , but they & apos ; ve made to the 5 boroughs for the bronx , brooklyn , queens , manhattan and staten island in all of us .", "the beasties have shown in interviews since boroughs ‘ release that the political elements may have bogged it down .", "adrock told interview magazine in 2011 that 5 boroughs was largely misunderstood , claiming “ that was supposed to be our serious political album .", "” mike d concurred “ there is an overall seriousness in tone that pervades to the 5 boroughs .", "we ’ re downtown new yorkers and had very close proximity to the events of september 11th .", "” adrock went on to tell new york magazine “ at the time [ of 5 boroughs ] , our usual stupid shit wasn ’ t that funny .", "” when all is said and done , i have spun to the 5 boroughs at least 30 times while working on some of the most rewarding and enjoyable creative work of my life in the past couple weeks , while visiting a city i love , and seeing people i missed .", "the album has become intrinsically linked to these experiences - - from my movie premiere this week to the surreal tour of the manhattan mormon temple last week .", "the little number at the top of this piece reflects little of personal relation to the record .", "it ' s an arbitrary guide to how i would expect people to gauge the intent of this review .", "i will listen to this album for years to come .", "you might .", "or not .", "it depends on your own complex web of past interaction with the beastie boys , linked memories to the music , or preconceived notion of how hip or not it is to listen to them in 2004 . still , my interaction with music goes well beyond simple , academic analysis of sound .", "nostalgia , emotional context , the continued story and history behind the artist , the packaging , and everything else matters in my love and fascination with music .", "this is why writing for pitchfork , which prides itself on discovering unknown underground artists , means so little to me anymore .", "listening to music as some form of continued , insular experiment with recording driven by faceless , mp3 - based rock bands bores me .", "i was immediately prepared to love to the 5 boroughs from my history with the band - - from listening to ill while playing atari with andy eberhardt , to mowing neighborhood lawns with gregg bernstein and paul ' s boutique in a walkman , to holding my portable cd player off the front cushion of my buick century to keep check your head from skipping as i passed over the speed bumps in the marist parking lot every day after my junior year , to shooting bottle rockets from poster tubes at passing trucks on 400 off the roof of the amc multiplex i worked at when ill communication came out .", "it is not mentally possibly for me to switch on apathy towards the group .", "and there is no world trade center .", "this may seem like a weird time — wartime , everywhere you look — for yauch , adam \" adrock \" horovitz and michael \" mike d \" diamond , all on the cusp of forty , to make a record that in its gibes and hyperspeed is the closest they have come to their old - school fight and comedy on 1986 & apos ; s licensed to ill . actually , it is the perfect time .", "to the 5 boroughs is an exciting , astonishing balancing act : fast , funny and sobering . \"", "i bring the shit that & apos ; s beyond bizarre , \" horovitz asserts against the quick hop and spears of sampled brass in \" ch - check it out . \"", "\" like miss piggy , \" he adds , apropos of nothing , to which all three respond in idiot falsetto , \" who moi ? \"", "in \" right right now now , \" the beasties lament columbine and call for \" more gun controlling \" over tense rolls of muzak harpsichord , then twist the chorus of their biggest hit into a free - speech cheer , retrieving public enemy & apos ; s inversion from 1988 : \" we & apos ; re gonna party for the right to fight . \"", "the beasties pour the pink champale and riunite here , but they & apos ; re not drinking to forget .", "they turn the dis on \" a president we didn & apos ; t elect \" in \" it takes time to build \" : \" is the u . s . gonna keep breaking necks / maybe it & apos ; s time that we impeach tex . \"", "it & apos ; s risky business — odd , at first , to hear social protest in horovitz & apos ; s cutting nyah - nyah - nyah or , in \" all lifestyles , \" diamond & apos ; s high , shrill yelp : \" walking down the block , you say , & apos ; yo , d !", "when you coming out with the new cd that spreads love in society ?", "& apos ; \" but to the 5 boroughs is a full - service gas .", "the beasties produced the album themselves , spiking stark , muscular beats with incongruous cool , like the brazilian rain - forest buzz of the berimbau in \" hey fuck you . \"", "you also get an encyclopedic torrent of cheesy - tv citations , as if the beasties have spent the last six years sucking up nothing but nick at nite .", "and two decades after turning from hardcore punk to homeboy jollies , the beasties are still the best rap band in the biz — three voices swinging like a jazz trio , racing like bad brains — and they don & apos ; t have big patience for the gold - plated phooey currently passing for gangsta . \"", "i know you & apos ; re sitting pretty in the hampty - hamps / posing like you & apos ; re rolling with the camp , \" yauch croaks in \" shazam ! \"", "that photo of p . diddy on a jet ski , in his polar - bear beach robe , comes to mind .", "being that the beasties were actually a part of the ’ 80s hip - hop scene makes their channeling of pre - licensed to ill hip - hop all the more genuine , well - executed and , unfortunately , over the majority of their listeners ’ heads .", "that vibe was pretty easily detected by the most novice of hip - hop heads with “ triple trouble ’ s ” sampling of “ rapper ’ s delight , ” but adrock channeling malcolm mclauren on the same track isn ’ t quite at the same level of visibility .", "truthfully , the old school electro - hop elements all over to the 5 boroughs take cues less from the sugar hill standards , and sound more - so like the type of singles you would find in an enjoy records sleeve .", "basically , it ’ s more fearless four than furious five , but hearing it today , the synth slaps all over the record sound like they have far more in common with 2014 ’ s soundscape than 2004 ’ s . these are all understandable sentiments , except when you factor in that the lead single “ ch - check it out ” and three months of promotion leading up to the album ’ s release was anything but serious .", "perhaps the miss piggy impressions and wacky electrician - in - ass lamenting was needed to distance the trio from “ in a world gone mad , ” and the wonderfully absurd music video is anything but political .", "yet , making this the first offering from the first beasties album in six years at a serious time when their silliness was needed the most , and then spending half the time talking about a president whose name alone was the ultimate buzzkill , it did make receiving to the 5 boroughs as too little too late .", "as much of a major issue as that was in 2004 , 10 years later the album has aged surprisingly well .", "while calling to the 5 boroughs “ a love letter to new york ” at the time may have been a cheap palatable selling point , it ’ s ultimately the key to appreciating this album .", "sonically , it ’ s a neo - classical rap project at a time when dipping into the throwback sound was either reserved for the occasional one - off or , in the case of revivalists like jurassic 5 , an artist - defining element .", "none of these elements of new york , which i find more indicative of the town , are mentioned on the beastie boys ' to the 5 boroughs .", "instead , adrock , mca and mike d offer obvious demographic and transit information on their \" open letter to nyc \" . \"", "asian , middle eastern , and latin / black , white , new york / you make it happen , \" they croon together on the chorus to the centerpiece of their sixth album . \"", "brooklyn , bronx , queens , and staten / from the battery to the top of manhattan , \" they read like a free hotel map .", "what , nothing rhymed with inwood ?", "the song makes fantastic use of a dead boys sample ( who were from cleveland ) , but fumbles the execution with their up with people chants .", "where the true influence of new york exerts itself on to the 5 boroughs is in the stark rhythms , which filter the cold continental - sampling breaks of rap pioneers like jimmy spicer and the treacherous three through apple processors .", "the streamlined foundations both pay tribute to the crews that influenced the beastie boys to put down their bad brains and reagan youth aspirations and lays a hard digital direction for the bush youth to follow .", "but this time , the political climate made things different .", "since their inception , the beasties had dabbled in pretty much every major new york music scene and reflected fragments of it in their records .", "they also had slowly developed a conscience , becoming more vocal about causes they believed in .", "while we still had flashes of their political beliefs on their fun 1999 single “ alive , ” we didn ’ t hear a proper beastie boys track with all three members again until the 2003 iraq war protest song “ in a world gone mad .", "” you could make a case for “ world gone mad ” being the absolute worst track the beasties ever released — with rusty out - of - step flows , heavy - handed politics and uninspired lyrics , it even left jon stewart to remark at the time that it sounded “ like a commercial for an extreme soft drink .", "” its timing with the unsuccessful iraq war protests also may have inadvertently subconsciously linked this era of political frustration and disappointment with the beasties ’ material , making the political themes of the following year ’ s to the 5 boroughs essentially nostalgia - proof .", "unlike all previous beastie boys albums ( with the possible exception of licensed to ill ) , to the 5 boroughs sounds homogenous and singular in purpose - - dark , steel , and dirty like that incomplete times square station .", "ill communication and hello nasty reveled in genre - dipping , from hardcore and salsa to dub and disco .", "their decision to settle into a focused hip - hop direction here seems like a sage move .", "the album succeeds in its seeming spontaneity . \"", "seeming \" in that they possibly spent years making it .", "but whatever length of gestation , the album ' s easy air speaks to veteran , nothing - to - lose attitude of both the city and the group .", "it ’ s precisely this celebration of the new york they love where the heart and soul of to the 5 boroughs can be found .", "as clunky and try - hard as the chorus of “ an open letter to nyc ” may be , the verses are some of the best rapping that the group ’ s ever done , channeling specific locations and elements of the city that , even if listeners haven ’ t stepped foot in the big apple , hometown pride can be easily emoted .", "all of these issues considered , probably the biggest problem with to the 5 boroughs was that , thematically , it felt like two different projects smashed together .", "on one hand , you had the aforementioned vitriol aimed towards “ a president we didn ’ t elect , ” but then quickly shifting gears to the playful old school hip - hop vibe of “ triple trouble .", "” while the beasties were no strangers to covering a variety of topics — after all their previous record hello nasty began with “ super disco breakin ' ” and ended with “ instant death ” — the back and forth of these two vibes really made it challenging to appreciate either .", "at this point in time , no measure of analysis regarding cadence , meter or goofy references will sway the pros and cons of the beastie boys ' lyrics .", "they do what they do , and even my mother knows their m . o . what to the 5 boroughs offers , contrary to naysayers who mock aging bands , are three voices showing intriguing texture from wear and experience .", "mca sounds like the harry nilsson of hip - hop after a lost weekend .", "adrock , especially , shows greater range in style .", "from his leisured easy - speaking on \" crawlspace \" to the eminem - like syllable play on \" hey fuck you \" , he puffs his chest with laid - back economy and moves away from the stereotypical nasal whine of their younger days .", "a love letter to new york city consisting of 9 originals chronicling happiness and heartbreak across the 5 boroughs .", "rrecorded over 5 days at the clubhouse studio in rhinebeck ny and produced by steve power ( robbie williams , joe cocker ) and will hensley .", "but despite the universal love of the beasties , the tenth anniversary of their to the 5 boroughs album just passed with almost no retrospectives or think - pieces .", "in this era of hyper - nostalgia , why would an album that was critically championed upon release ( five stars in rolling stone , a - from christgau ) and the subject of an absolute media blitz be completely omitted from our collective “ remember when this happened ?", "omg , we ’ re old !", "lol !", "” mentality ?", "on 1 april , 5 boroughs partnership changed its name to north west boroughs healthcare nhs foundation trust .", "we will be updating our website in the next few months .", "find out more here .", "also frustrating was how the beasties handling all their own production , for the first time , seemed detrimental .", "the just blaze remix of “ ch - check it out ” refreshingly showed how the trio who had been putting out rap records for two decades by that point could still sound current in the rap game .", "the officially sanctioned dj green lantern new york state of mind mixtape that paired classic and new beastie vocal tracks over iconic and chart - topping new york instrumentals further demonstrated how easily they could have slid into the mix of the 2004 hip - hop soundscape .", "when you hear “ open letter to nyc ” over biggie ’ s “ i got a story to tell , ” it ’ s pretty hard to go back to the album version .", "if your complaint spans the services of another nhs trust or social services department , as well as 5 boroughs partnership nhs foundation trust , the complaints team will liaise with the other party ( or parties ) to consider providing a joint response .", "this means that it may be possible to provide you with one response letter which addresses your concerns regarding each nhs trust or social services department .", "as unfavorable a task as reminding oneself of the bush administration may be , there ’ s enough beastie goodness on to the 5 boroughs to warrant a re - visit .", "if you wish to complain on behalf of someone else , we will need to ask their permission for you to make the complaint on their behalf and for the trust to share details of their care and treatment with you in order to respond to your complaint .", "if you are making a complaint on behalf of a service user who lacks the capacity to make an informed decision regarding information sharing , the following procedure will take place : you can make a complaint within 12 months of an incident or event ( which is the subject of the complaint ) occurring , or within 12 months of the time when you became aware you had reason to complain about the incident or event .", "in exceptional circumstances , you may be able to make a complaint outside of the timescales , however , this may depend on your reasons for not complaining sooner , and also whether it is still possible for us to investigate your concerns .", "if you think this applies to you , please contact the complaints team to discuss this further .", "the nhs complaints procedure is for service users , carers and relatives to raise concerns about care and treatment provided by 5 boroughs partnership nhs foundation trust .", "carers or relatives may also raise complaints about how they have been treated by trust staff .", "any other person who has been affected by a decision , act or omission of the trust may also make a complaint .", "well , it was a weird time to be a beastie boys fan , a weird time to be a hip - hop fan and a weird time to be in new york .", "being this was the first beastie boys album that was solely rap music in 15 years and was entirely new york themed , you have quite a lot to digest .", "new york music was still largely in a post - 9 / 11 haze and 50 cent / g - unit were still the most influential hip - hop figures in the city .", "this shouldn ’ t have mattered much to the beasties as the bulk of their other output was largely created in their own vacuum , with tremendous results .", "lyrically , the beastie boys fail to make a convincing justification for their hometown pride beyond slogans that could fit on a t - shirt .", "the answering machine message of paul ' s boutique conveyed more giddy pride in the nuances and uniqueness of the metropolis .", "in a trademark ( or typical , or tired , depending on your perspective ) deep pop culture reference , adrock mentions gnip gnop , a 1970s parker brothers game that was like a cross of pong and hungry hungry hippos . \"", "jmoke jhop \" would have rhymed perfectly .", "in their attempt to point out the details of their city , the beastie boys offer little more than the view from the top of a sawn - off double - decker tour bus .", "the care quality commission is the independent regulator of health and social care in england .", "they regulate care provided by the nhs , local authorities , private companies and voluntary organisations .", "their aim is to make sure better care is provided for everyone - in hospitals , care homes and people ' s own homes .", "they also seek to protect the interests of people whose rights are restricted under the mental health act .", "further information about the care quality commission is available on their website www .", "cqc .", "org .", "uk .", "should you have a concern on the carrying on of a regulated activity you can inform the care quality commission .", "on walks around manhattan , even on sun - scorched days , mysterious precipitation falls on your head .", "whether this comes from urinating birds , air conditioning condensation , observation deck spitting , or suicide jumpers breaking down into their constituent beads of bloody moisture over the long 145 - story leaps from skyscrapers , i ' ve yet to determine .", "the times square subway station has been under construction for at least four years .", "the majority of village eateries i frequent do not accept credit cards .", "the city tobacconists all spell the first letters of \" smoke shop \" with two pipes , making the storefront signs look more like \" jmoke jhop . \"", "garbage is laid out on the sidewalks , as real estate shortages allow for no alleys .", "the mormon temple across from the lincoln center has fantastic free peanut butter cookies , if you sit through one of their thinly veiled brainwashing video tours .", "though i would fail to quantify the comparative \" quality \" of such albums , as i said before , i love carl & the passions as much as pet sounds .", "divorcing the lives and backstory from the recorded product of a musical artist equates to making movies without characters .", "the sixth beastie boys album holds much more intrigue than some young dudes with bedhead thinking they ' re going to evolve rock and roll .", "i ' ve ended up listening to it more than any other release this year .", "in order to record and monitor complaints activity , the complaints department is required to maintain a database of complaints and to provide regular reports to the trust board and other relevant forums .", "these reports can highlight themes and trends across the trust .", "if a complaint highlights an area which may be improved , the investigating officer may make recommendations for change .", "such recommendations will then be monitored via the complaints team .", "this process has become unexciting and routine , which is why i bid the world of music writing farewell .", "explaining why i love a record in the confines of its production , lyrics and instrumental \" tightness \" without detailing the first time i heard the band ' s song drifting from bowling alley in poland or whatever confounds me .", "more power to those who discover new music from this site .", "i ' ve figured out where i stand at this point , as have the readers .", "like the beastie boys , i could continue to crank out divisive pieces of writing here until i go gray .", "i have more interesting stories to tell .", "the passing of adam “ mca ” yauch two years ago was a devastating loss for music , but within the outpouring of mourning in the wake of his death was the reminder how much the beastie boys ’ music connected with several generations of listeners .", "even prior to yauch ’ s passing , the beasties ’ catalog had already been championed by critics as some of the most consistent and important releases of their generation and has continued to find new audiences by becoming something of a rite of passage for music obsessives and fun thrill - seekers alike .", "the local authority social services and national health service ( england ) complaints regulations ( 2009 ) came into force on 1 april 2009 . these regulations introduced a more person - centred and resolution based approach to complaints handling .", "this means that there is less emphasis on a formal procedure and more focus on working together to achieve a satisfactory and appropriate resolution , in proportion with the nature and complexity of the individual complaint .", "the questions and answers below will give you all the information you need to make a complaint .", "if you remain dissatisfied following our attempts to resolve your complaint , or if you do not wish to engage in further resolution with us , you have the option to approach the parliamentary and health service ombudsman to ask them to consider your outstanding concerns .", "self - produced debut , 10 songs recorded live in suffern , ny in two days in august 2002 . accompanied by a stellar jazzy 5 - piece , the laid back , listening vibe shows the origins of the jv sound .", "the trust ' s caldicott guardian will then make a decision as to whether it is in the service user ' s best interests for confidential information to be shared with you in order to respond to your complaint .", "if you are not satisfied with the response to your complaint , please contact the complaints team to see if there is any further action we can take in order to achieve resolution for you .", "this may involve organising a meeting , undertaking a further investigation or providing a further written response to your outstanding points .", "originally intended to be velard ’ s major label debut for emi , the planeteer was velard ’ s breakthrough into the world of mainstream piano pop , containing his biggest radio hit in the us , uk and the netherlands , joni .", "produced by roger greenawalt ( ben kweller , the pierces ) and steve power , it was recorded in both brooklyn and london between 2007 and 2008 . despite debuting at no .", "1 on the billboard charts and quickly going platinum , this was the first time the feeling of “ i have the new beastie boys record ” wasn ’ t as exciting as the “ i can ’ t wait for the new beastie boys ” anticipation that preceded it .", "but why is that ?", "everyone in the nhs has a duty to protect confidentiality .", "information from health records may have to be shared with other clinical and managerial staff for your complaint to be fully investigated .", "all information relating to complaints is stored securely and separately from health records .", "once your complaint is received , a member of staff will contact you within three working days .", "you will be involved in agreeing an action plan to address your complaint ; this may involve a telephone call , a meeting , an investigation and written response ( or a combination of some ) , where we will agree the best way to progress your concerns , discuss the outcomes you seek and agree a reasonable timescale for responding to you .", "take an interactive virtual tour of our brand new atherleigh park hospital below .", "you can view 360 degree tours of our reception , cafe and all five inpatient wards .", "if you are unable to view the tours , please check you are using the most up - to - date version of the web browser ( eg internet explorer , google chrome ) you are using .", "pledge for my new album , due out june 2017 . follow the making of the music every step of the way .", "get tons of additional content including video performances of new songs , unreleased b - sides , live shows and more .", "and you ’ ll get the album as soon as it ’ s done , before it goes to itunes , spotify , or anywhere else !", "click here to go back to the top of the page .", "click here to go back to the top of the page .", "click here to go back to the top of the page .", "the consultant psychiatrist will be asked to confirm if the service user lacks capacity to make decisions regarding information sharing .", "click here to go back to the top of the page .", "click here to go back to the top of the page .", "click here to go back to the top of the page .", "click here to go back to the top of the page .", "click here to go back to the top of the page .", "click here to go back to the top of the page .", "click here to go back to the top of the page .", "click here to go back to the top of the page .", "we ' re sorry if you feel we ’ ve not done as well as we should .", "if this is the case , then please let us know and we promise to do everything we can to correct it .", "ranked on a scale from 1 to 10 , the trending score reflects the number of users reading a story in real time .", "local advocacy services .", "our pals team will be happy to supply you with details of the local advocacy services available within the trust ’ s boundaries .", "you will be also be provided with information about the free advocacy services available to support you during the nhs complaints procedure .", "12 original songs that harken back to the golden days of am radio , true piano pop / rock in the mold of billy joel and elton john .", "recorded in various studios across london throughout 2011 , it was produced by jerry abbott and grant black and mixed by steve power .", "the department of health ' s website also has information on the nhs complaints procedure , you can visit the site at www .", "dh .", "gov .", "uk .", "the nearest bus stop is located on the on leighbrook way , the road directly opposite atherleigh park .", "to view directions to our different sites and bus timetables , click here .", "please enable javascript to sign up for the newsletter .", "we may use your e - 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[ [ "critical reception", "the album was met with positive reviews , with an aggregated score of 71 on metacritic . playlouder said \" to the 5 boroughs is a triumph . \" rolling stone said \" to the 5 boroughs is an exciting , astonishing balancing act : fast , funny and sobering . \" jason thompson of popmatters called to the 5 boroughs \" their best album since paul ' s boutique \" . tom sinclair of entertainment weekly wrote , \" the beats are [ . . . ] simple and effective , with a welcome lack of bells and whistles that made hello nasty so distracting . \" allmusic said : \" it ' s rather impressive that they ' re maturing gracefully turning into expert craftsmen who can deliver a satisfying listen like this \" . the nme said : \" like missy elliott , the beasties are re - examining hip hop — what it was , what it is , what it can be \" . the onion av club said : \" with to the 5 boroughs , beastie boys ' members discover a musical entryway to an earlier , more innocent era , affording listeners the exuberance of youth along with the hard - won wisdom that can only come with experience . \" e ! online rated the album as a b - saying it was \" fun but hardly fresh ." ] ]

[ "< EOT > at the end of 2013 lilian is almost 25 years in holland and she released her self - written debut solo album , based on the samba soul sound of brazil .", "this album brings us back to the seventies , her youth and her native soil where her parents taught her the love for music .", "it has a very personal character as she starts with a soundbite from her mother singing and finishes with her father giving her his blessings .", "together with wiboud burkens , who produces her album , and 2 other musicians she makes a musical trip to brazil where they work together with joao parahyba of trio mocoto : one of the exponents of the samba soul .", "together they create the basis for 2 songs on her album .", "in 2014 she tours the netherlands with her samba soul .", "in 2005 vieira founds the group lilian vieira ’ s samba soul .", "in the following theatre tour vieira expresses her love for the soulful brazilian samba ’ s from the seventies .", "she tours with pianist josé lopretti , bassist jura gomes , guitarist ed verhoeff , drummer enrique firpi , percussionist alaor soares and marijn van der linden on cavaquinho .", "vieira sings in guest vocals on the albums cereal by c - mon ( of c - mon & kypski , supertracks , 2004 ) , entre raices y antenas by macaco ( capitol , 2005 ) , samba da minha terra by bossacucanova ( crammed discs , 2005 ) , 5 by the mendoza dance parti ( jazz ’ n ’ soul music , 2005 ) , sambarama by riovolt ( irma records , 2005 ) , live in carré by fernando lameirinhas ( emi , 2005 ) and the single “ lied voor the brazilian - dutch singer and lyric writer lilian vieira ( september 11 , 1966 , teresópolis , rio de janeiro ) presents herself with her brazilian samba soul from the sixties and seventies .", "at age 23 she moved to the netherlands , where she , due to her special timbre , great improvisation skills and charismatic stage presence develops as a noted singer .", "this is partly due to her role in the brazilectro group zuco 103 . vieira – primarily singing in portuguese – also works with multiple jazz - , soul - and funkbands and various djs .", "as a guest vocalist she collaborated on dozens of albums .", "the past years she has returned to her musical roots , with the singing of popular brazilian music and classical acoustic samba that eventually inspired her to record her own solo album .", "older women are dressed in glitzy variations of the traditional costume of bahia state , with huge skirts with tubes inserted inside so that they lend themselves for some beautiful whirling .", "whirling down the avenue , they represent the soul of the samba schools , their african roots .", "there is a minimum number that must parade or the school gets penalty points ( at least 80 in the first league ( special group ) ) .", "they are old ladies of the community , who have already been with the same school for many years like the samba dancers .", "this is an absolute honor and the samba school pays for their costumes .", "they are much respected and often get a round of applause when passing by .", "today only women can have this role while in earlier years men dressed in those costumes , too .", "the “ red hot + rio 2 ” shows explore samba soul , at the brooklyn academy of music .", "30 lafayette ave . , brooklyn .", "( 718 - 636 - 4100 ) — dec . 4 - 5 : the next wave festival ’ s “ red hot + rio 2 ” bill finds céu , curumin , bebel gilberto , josé gonzález , and many other smoking young artists offering their take on samba soul , a brazilian musical movement from the seventies .", "a small wing of the finest samba dancers of the school is no more than 15 - 20 . it ' s very hard to dance the samba at rio ´ s speed whilst moving forward at a near walking pace for 700m ( 1 / 2 mile ) .", "these samba dancers are a star turn .", "they are chosen through competition each year and it is certainly high honor to take this role .", "the rio samba parade is the review of a fierce competition between the rio samba schools .", "the judges and spectators watch the principal parades in the sambodromo , which was especially built for this event .", "see how it is judged .", "the samba parade in rio de janeiro is something everybody should experience at least once in their lives .", "the event is broadcast live to several countries .", "watching on tv is comfortable but not any close to the fun that is being there .", "definitely mingle with the crowds and watch the brazilians and cariocas ( the people of rio ) .", "for the best and full blown experience , you can even march with a samba school .", "the rio samba parade is very distinct from all other street parades held at some other places in the world .", "it started as street festivities with groups of people parading through the streets playing music and dancing .", "the carnival parades in rio developed into something special , a competition between the samba schools .", "the main competition was originally held downtown .", "until the mid - 80s , bleachers for the spectators were simply assembled and disassembled every year on av .", "presidente vargas , one of rio ' s major arteries .", "then the main parades were moved to the sambodromo , specially built for this event .", "the preparation for the samba parade starts months in advance , as each samba school mobilizes thousands of supporters who will create the various parts of the school ' s display .", "first , the theme of the year is chosen .", "then the school ' s samba song of the year is selected through competition , while the school ' s carnival designer creates the costumes and the floats .", "when ready , the sketches move into production .", "by december the rehearsals begin .", "in time for christmas , the schools ' annual samba songs are recorded and released to the record shops .", "the rio samba parade is not a street event where people move chaotically about as they like , but more of a highly orchestrated show of vast proportions .", "every parader has a specific role and place according to his costume in a particular wing , of a particular section of the samba school he / she is parading in support of .", "each samba school has about 90 minutes to make it through the samba runway . \"", "momo \" is the name of the god of mockery in the greek mythology , and according to carnival tradition , king momo should be jolly and as big as a house .", "legend suggests that he was expelled from the olympus to come and settle down in rio , the city of carnival .", "the rio carnival officially opens with the delivery of the key of the city to king momo .", "when king momo sambas , everything and everyone - sequins , feathers , flesh and all people around should also samba with him .", "he opens all major carnival events including the samba parades .", "this page provides information about the rio samba parade in the sambodromo also known as the rio carnival parade .", "each year the schools chooses a different theme for the samba parade .", "it can be a celebration of a particular period , or , famous figures of brazilian history .", "it may highlight a special event or speak of anything that might move the spirit and imagination ; like a special animal , or one of the elements ; water or fire , etc .", "the school has to illustrate the chosen theme through all its work : in between the wings , there are about 8 carnival floats , separating the sections and illustrating the school ' s theme .", "most of them are pushed along by men from the school ' s community but some are motorized and have mechanical parts .", "the floats carry special guests along with some young and mesmerizing samba dancers in very elaborate , awe - inspiring costume creations .", "each samba school has its own distinctive colors ( of its flag ) and costume style .", "the color scheme is reflected in many parts of their parade .", "the biggest and most elaborate costumes are worn by the main floatees ( destaques ) , members chosen with honor by the samba schools to wear these special costumes .", "the samba parade is a really glorious competition for which the scores are given by the judges .", "just like sports , it offers entertainment while it has its rigid rules .", "the schools are judged in 10 categories .", "there are 4 judges of every category ( altogether 40 of them ) .", "every judge gives his scores on a scale of 5 - 10 ( with fractions ) , 10 being the best .", "they are counted and announced on ash wednesday , just after carnival .", "the judges ' booths are spread along the samba avenue ( most of them in sector 2 , opposite sector 7 ) and are clearly marked with a banner reading \" julgadores \" .", "the costumes ' creativity , originality , an overall ' good taste ' and their color schemes are evaluated in this category .", "judges look at the individual costumes and their overall effect as a whole .", "diversity is important just as much as the costumes ' suitability to deliver the idea they stand for .", "most costumes are considered in this category including all the commercial wings , the samba dancers , the percussionists and the whirling ladies .", "the queen of carnival is chosen by a contest based on her beauty , self - assurance , sociability , ease of expression , congeniality and samba abilities but all in all she must have the \" carnival spirit \" .", "the 2nd and the 3rd place candidates in the contest are named the princesses of carnival .", "this is the beating heart of the school comprised of 250 - 350 percussionists , mainly drummers .", "it lends energy and life to the whole parade .", "this is a community wing , thus the costumes are paid for by the school .", "the head of the drummer group chooses who is going to play in the group via continuous auditions at rehearsals many months before carnival .", "the group ' s costumes that reflect the themes are sometimes so big that it ' s hard to play .", "there are overhead mikes carried alongside the group and a sound truck with the samba singers .", "they are well - known male lead vocalists who are accompanied by many others .", "they are usually on top of the sound truck right behind the percussionists , or they march along the samba runway .", "this is a beautiful female samba dancer standing in front while introducing the percussionists to the crowd .", "she is supposed to motivate and inspire the hundreds of male drummers behind her .", "each float and each wing has a number of dedicated stewards to ensure that the flow is kept up .", "they will wear the t shirt of their wing or float .", "there are penalty points if the school takes too long to parade .", "points are also lost in the rio samba parade if there are any gaps between or inside the wings .", "this morning , take to the streets for an authentic carnival experience among the costumed revelers , festive floats and live music that culminate in a meandering , block - by - block party .", "these blocos span the whole city , immersing it in the contagious spirit of freedom and joy that defines carnival .", "after lunch at a local restaurant , return to the hotel for an afternoon at leisure .", "this evening , hit the streets once more for the dazzling rio carnival winners ’ parade , an encore performance featuring the best costumes , floats and sambas from the previous weekend ’ s official competition .", "settle into your grandstand seat along the sambodromo avenue parade route .", "elaborate floats and brightly costumed troupes of spirited dancers parade past as cocktails pour freely and samba beats crescendo through the night air .", "your local guide provides expert insight as the performers pass by .", "while the celebration continues on until sunrise , there are opportunities to return to your hotel after each presentation .", "enjoy a morning at leisure with breakfast in bed , a stroll along copacabana beach or a relaxing sojourn by the pool .", "after lunch at a waterfront restaurant , embark on a scenic cruise of guanabara bay .", "sit back and take in this new perspective of the city skyline and its lush mountain backdrop .", "cruise in toward the beachfront of rio ’ s sister city , niteroi , revealing oscar niemeyer ’ s museum of contemporary art , the costa e silva bridge and santiago calatrava ’ s museum of tomorrow .", "return to shore for an evening at leisure , perhaps stepping out local - style for a late dinner and cocktail savored among the city ’ s festive atmosphere and ever - present samba beat .", "in 2011 vieira sings as special guest on the in brazil recorded album , sambanovo by bicudo .", "in that same year a theatre tour follows with bicudo in the series jazz concerts of the “ stichting jazz impuls ” .", "they perform a mix of classical acoustic samba and brazilian popular music in where the musicians go back to their roots .", "“ the classic song imagina by tom jobim is sung outstandingly by lilian , who is able to easily tack through the glissandi ” said mattie poels .", "vieira herself says this about the tour : “ when i sing , it feels like it is a homage to my mother .", "( … ) this music stands for itself , i do not have to prove anything ( … ) i only have to sing and to feel ” .", "beginning 2009 vieira plays together with guitarist rogério bicudo in a sold out bimhuis , with a repertoire of classic choro ’ s and samba ’ s . this is the beginning of a more intensive collaboration between these 2 brazilian natives living in the netherlands .", "they play among others in the “ concertgebouw ” with michael moore and eric calmes during a double concert with singer giovanca as part of “ robeco zomerconcerten ” .", "e - mail : info @ tsdance .", "com .", "au the richly decorated floats and costumes of their 3 , 000 to 5 , 000 parading members designed by the school ' s carnival designer ( the so called carnavalesco ) .", "every school ' s parade is highly organized and designed .", "they line up in a unique way to present their pageant .", "the schools are divided into a number of sections and each section has a number of wings of about 100 people wearing the same costume .", "sometimes even 2 wings ( approx .", "200 people ) have the same costume .", "you will find more details about the role and name of some special sections of the parade on the other side of this page .", "the costumes are extremely imaginative , colorful , elaborate and detailed .", "they are truly original , designed and made from scratch each year .", "they have mirrors , feathers , metallic cloth , silk and sometimes gems or coins .", "these costumes take months to make .", "the work starts roughly 8 months in advance .", "even though complete nudity is not officially allowed , sometimes floats carry topless or almost - naked beauties , male and female , wearing only body paint , lots of glitter and a smile .", "you may think of the whole event as a tropical opera or rather like several operas happening on one night .", "it is beautiful to watch and the experience for the paraders themselves is so intense that the memories last for a lifetime .", "the percussions should keep up the rhythm during the entire parade .", "all paraders should be singing and dancing in the rhythm set by the group .", "the 4 judges are looking for regularity and continuity of the beat , a consistently firm and precise beat from the big surdo drums , and an effective overall and well balanced sound of all the instruments .", "the rhythm should be varied and diverse but should be maintained perfectly , especially when the instruments restart after a break .", "the tempo should be maintained at all times .", "the group ' s versatility is vital .", "it is forbidden to use wind or brass instruments .", "it must contain the essence of the central theme which the school is presenting through their parade that year .", "the lyrics must fit the music , as it is also judged by its artistic credentials .", "this is the only category where the judges subdivide their marks , giving some marks for the lyrics and some for the melody .", "it is judged by the musical , acoustical and visual harmony of the school ' s parade .", "to score high in this category , the music , rhythm and singing should meld seamlessly with the choreography and dance of the school ' s members .", "marks can be lost through feeble singing .", "consistency and compatibility are appraised on the participants ' movements and dance with the rhythm .", "the procession must keep a steady flow while being spontaneous and creative at the same time , expressing passion , agility and vigor of the participants .", "penalty points are incurred if gaps open up between the paraders or the wings .", "this is the central theme the school has chosen and written and is represented through all parts of its entire parade .", "it is an artistic literary creation , in written form .", "the judges consider , amongst other factors , the strength of the idea as a whole and the development of this idea through the various wings and floats .", "it should be possible to easily understand the theme and the central idea behind the show .", "the theme could also have some foreign references .", "penalty points are incurred however if any form of advertising is involved .", "this is judged freely without any technical criteria where the general impact of the school ' s parade is considered .", "it is the most subjective category and as such very controversial .", "this category judges the visual expression of the theme , the originality and quality of the artistic work such as ; the movements , colors and visual effects involved .", "the judges look at the floats and all props being used in the parade .", "the judges consider how effective the floats and props deliver the theme and how their design supports the theme ' s ideas .", "the costumes of the destaques ( the most lavish costumes on top of the floats and elsewhere in the parade ) are also judged in this category .", "in this category all aspects are judged of the school ' s opening wing .", "judges consider the choreography and costumes and how the show serves the main purpose of introducing the school to the the public .", "the first dancing master and his partner , the flag carrier lady , are considered in this category .", "the judges look at their dance , elegance , grace and agility ; at the flexibility and variety of their movements , and judge the symbolic protection of the flag .", "coordination in between the two as a couple is also important .", "the parade starts at 21 : 00 and goes on until sunlight the next day , around 5 : 00 - 6 : 00 a . m . he is responsible for the artistic work of designing , producing and directing the school ' s parade .", "sometimes they chose and write the schools ' theme of the year , too .", "they design every costume and float , choose and supervise the purchasing of materials , administer the construction and manufacturing of floats , costumes , and accessories .", "they can earn a lot of money in a top school .", "the names of the top carnival designers are as well known in rio as the names of top film directors .", "they have their own idiosyncratic style , some being known for being very futuristic ( salgueiro ) , baroque / rococo ( imperatriz , mangueira ) , or have a special preference for a particular topic ( like beija - flor ´ s for anything native brazilian - indian ) .", "they are the building blocks of a school ' s parade - the school is split into several of them .", "a group of 20 - 100 people wearing the same costume and having the same purpose .", "the costume will illustrate a particular aspect of the school ' s theme .", "every wing has a president who is responsible for the costumes ( production and sales ) and coordination of all the wing ´ s members ' parade .", "this is the opening wing of a school .", "a group of 12 - 15 dancers with a highly choreographed routine , who parade at the front of the school , \" introducing \" it to the crowd .", "their costumes do not have to reflect the school ´ s theme .", "originally they were only well - dressed men .", "recently they have become a spectacle on their own with splendid choreography .", "a float is part of this wing , too carrying the school ' s symbols along with some celebrities wearing the most elaborate costumes .", "she is carrying and presenting the school ' s flag , as the symbol of the school , while the couple is dancing down the avenue .", "he is there to protect her ( originally he had a knife to make sure that the other schools are not damaging the flag , making them lose the competition ) .", "their dance is the most elaborate and elegant .", "the schools have more than a couple of flag bearers but only the front bearer ( in front of the drummer group ) is important and can gain scores .", "some schools ( like beija - flor , grande rio , salgueiro , etc . )", "also have wings of little baianas , young girls in their teens .", "some are traditional ones , using the same elements for decades ( like mangueira , portela and imperio serrano ) .", "in the 80s , mocidade however brought along some new elements for their drummers in the rhythm they played .", "inevitably , other schools ( like viradouro , grande rio , porto da pedra and beija - flor ) started using further innovation incorporating totally new genres ( going as far as using funk and .", "high choreography ) .", "it seems to be very successful .", "your message has been sent .", "immerse yourself in the intoxicating spirit of rio as you toast the sunset atop sugar loaf mountain , take in the carnival winners ' parade , and cruise guanabara bay .", "continue on to historic salvador , exploring the sounds and flavors of the vibrant bahian culture .", "ask about a & k ' s guest protection program .", "call for preferred rates through our partners .", "upon arrival in rio de janeiro , you are met and transferred to your hotel .", "later in the afternoon , ride by cable car to the peak of sugar loaf mountain , where you toast the sunset and drink in the amazing views .", "tonight , gather for a welcome dinner at a local restaurant .", "this morning , journey up corcovado mountain for a spectacular glimpse of rio , and an up - close look at the majestic statue of christ the redeemer , one of the seven wonders of the modern world .", "relax with an afternoon at leisure .", "tonight , enjoy dinner at one of rio ’ s best restaurants .", "sleep in or walk the beach on a morning at leisure .", "later , transfer to the airport for your flight to historic salvador , brazil ’ s former capital .", "arrive at your luxurious hotel , a salvador landmark known for its art deco aesthetic .", "later this evening , gather on the hotel ’ s rooftop terrace for a scenic sundowner cocktail overlooking saints bay .", "head out for dinner at a local restaurant set on the barra beach waterfront .", "take in the largest assemblage of colonial architecture in latin america as you stroll the cobbled lanes of the pelourinho , or town center .", "discover a pastel canvas of brightly painted stucco and terra cotta tiles , exploring são francisco church and the municipal square .", "after lunch at a local restaurant , enjoy the rhythms of bahia , a percussive regional music that drives the pulse of the city .", "a local expert guides you through the finer points of this influential sound , leading an upbeat and interactive performance .", "continue your exploration of bahia culture , sampling the eclectic blend of mediterranean , african , latin and asian flavors that define this regional cuisine .", "begin at the bustling são joaquim market , gathering ingredients for a chef ’ s table experience featuring a flavorful local dish , moqueca .", "after an afternoon at leisure , gather for a bahia musical performance and a farewell dinner at a local restaurant .", "after breakfast , transfer to the airport for your flight .", "hotels hand selected by a & k for an unmatched experience .", "this contemporary luxury hotel fronts copacabana beach , affording easy access to rio ' s hottest entertainment and attractions .", "an iconic salvador landmark , this art deco gem has been a hub of bahia ' s night life since its opening in 1934 . ask about a & k ' s guest protection program .", "call for preferred rates through our partners .", "prices are in usd , per person , based on double occupancy .", "price shown is guaranteed for 7 or more guests .", "for 2 - 6 guests , the price will be $ 7 , 495 per person double occupancy .", "please enter a group size 1 - 10 . this journey contains some active elements .", "minimum age is 10 years .", "first group event : sundowners at 5 : 00 p . m . on day 1 . last group event : show and dinner at 7 : 30 p . m . on day 7 . this small - group journey is guaranteed to operate with just two guests , and if the price goes down after you book , we ' ll refund the difference .", "cancellations must be received in writing .", "additional terms and fees apply to internal air , extra services and partial room cancellations .", "please refer to full terms & conditions for specifics .", "ask about a & k ' s guest protection program .", "call for preferred rates through our partners .", "download all the information you need to prepare for your journey , from visa requirements to packing recommendations .", "visit our partner visa central for convenient , one - stop visa and passport processing .", "see the average temperature and rainfall for your destination .", "familiarize yourself with health and immunization requirements for your destination at the center for disease control ’ s website .", "are you a travel professional ?", "click here .", "© 1996 - 2017 abercrombie & kent usa , llc .", "all rights reserved .", "cst # 2007274 - 20 | phone : 800 554 7016 because of the success of the concertgebouw show in 2012 , where lilian and gideon van gelder interpret the works of toninho horta , they continue this program and tour jazz venues together in 2013 . she also performs as guest soloist .", "she featured robertinho da silva for his shows in holland , and she was asked to play with omar ka for his project in rotterdam and the hague .", "at the concertgebouw every year they organize a children program called wereld aan je voeten .", "just like the past 2 years , lilian joined this project with the cariopa crew .", "in the meantime she performs live with her new project and a sold out bimhuis was one of the highlights .", "in december her eponymous album will be released ( coast to coast ) and in 2014 she will tour different venues in the netherlands .", "at the end of 2011 and beginning of 2012 lilian tours the netherlands as part of the trio nomads at the side of the antillean singer izaline calister and the moluccan singer julya l ’ oko .", "their repertoire is a special journey through the lives of the singers and is characterized by a mix of their roots and pop music .", "next to working on her solo album she is still a much - asked soloist .", "in march 2012 she worked together with the dj and producer marcelinho da lua in portugal , which generated a lot of new ideas for both .", "the metropole orchestra , this time lead by vince mendoza , invited lilian and the jazz saxophonist joshua redman to perform a . o . the famous brazilian song carinhoso at the north sea jazz festival 2012 . in august she and gideon van gelder interpreted the works of toninho horta in the concertgebouw amsterdam .", "because of the success , lilian and gideon continue this program and tour jazz venues in 2013 . meanwhile vieira is playing with zuco 103 across the globe for over 10 years now , despite her fear of flying .", "she feels very comfortable on the stage : “ live the audience decides for a big part the concert .", "that intensity is very special to me , it is the ultimate contact with your audience .", "” says vieira in an interview on ( 23 april 2007 , www .", "3voor12 .", "nl ) .", "since their debut album , zuco 103 released six more successful albums : the other side of outro lado ( 2001 ) , tales of high fever ( 2002 ) , one down one up ( 2003 ) , whaa !", "( 2005 ) , after the carnaval ( 2008 ) – for which vieira writes a large part of the lyrics during a stay in brazil – and retouched !", "after the carnaval remixes ( 2010 ) .", "in the second half of 2010 zuco 103 decides to take a creative break .", "since then vieira performs as guest vocalist in different line - ups , like the “ metropole orchestra ” and the brazilian composer / pianist wagner tiso , with the afro beat band mdungu and other dutch bands .", "she also performs with grupo cariopa .", "next to that vieira works on different projects for children in the “ concertgebouw ” and she writes for the jah 6 project of pieter both .", "recently vieira sings on her brazilian version of the classic song perdido for the british pop musician joe jackson .", "in 2008 zuco103 collaborates with the famous brazilian group bossacucanova with a . o . roberto menescal , during a concert in paris .", "next to that she sings on the best of album by arling & cameron ( challenge , 2007 ) .", "with grupo cariopa she performs as guest vocalist and in 2008 , she also sings on three albums : dire dawe by minyeshu ( munich ) , ku khata / new dawn by neco novellas ( world connection ) and bem brasileiro by josée koning ( coast to coast ) .", "this evening the two singers also sing a song together : i remember ( written by giovanca and translated into portuguese by vieira ) .", "next to that vieira is a guest vocalist on the album phase five ( verve ) by yuri honing & floris .", "on the single dinda by dj - producer drashid she performs the lead vocals .", "on september 26 vieira is awarded with the united nations mdg ( millennium development goal ) award by the minister of development cooperation policy for her work as ambassador of ibiss .", "she decided to immediately donate the award to nanko van buuren , the initiator of ibiss .", "beslan ” ( for the victims of the hostage drama in beslan , v2 records , 2004 ) .", "in 2006 vieira is one of the guest vocalists in the cubop city big band of lucas van merwijk , and the cd with latin vocal explosion live is released .", "during this year , vieira also sings on the title track of dj maestro ’ s solo debut album mesmerize .", "in addition , she collaborates with rogerio bicudo on solucão , bicudo ’ s solo album and she plays with grupo m . b . p . at the pure jazz festival in the hague .", "in december 2006 she gives birth to her son sol in her birthplace in brazil .", "in the meantime zuco 103 grows into an international band with a busy tour schedule and with vieira being the lyric writer and front woman .", "“ on international festivals and popstages zuco 103 wins the harts with clever dance grooves and the infectious stage presence of singer lilian vieira ” said koen schouten ( www .", "volkskrant .", "nl , 11 januari 2006 ) .", "in 2000 outro lado ( crammed disc ) is released , the debut album of zuco 103 . in this period vieira is also guest singer on several albums , including one day deep by praful ( therapy records , 2001 ) , curare ( kinisis , 2001 ) by choro combinado , the quartet of the brazilian guitarist who lives in the netherlands as well , rogério bicudo , sambastic by hans en candy dulfer ( eagle , 2002 ) and joyas 3 jewels by jacqueline castro ravelo ( mihrab records , 2002 ) .", "next to her singing career she is also an actress in a variety of commercials and in the television series “ de negen dagen van de gier ” , which won a “ gouden kalf ” award , for best drama series in 2002 . in that same year lilian vieira is appointed as ambassador of the ibiss , the brazilian institute for innovation in social healthcare .", "in 1997 lilian vieira graduates from the rotterdam conservatory and she sings along with female factory , a evening filling music show in the royal theatre carré ; a special event for the fiftieth birthday of the declaration of human rights , with thirteen singers originating from different parts of the world .", "several years later a live registration is released from this project on cd female factory : live at the royal theatre carré amsterdam ( times square records ) .", "vieira is also guest vocalist on the album more !", "( challenge records , 1998 ) by new cool collective .", "in that same year , former fellow student and drummer stefan kruger ( also band member of sfeq ) persuades lilian to work on music for a new album , together with keyboardist stefan schmid .", "this collaboration ended up in rec .", "a , a band that will be eventually called zuco 103 and focuses on playing a new genre : brazilelectro , a combination of jazz , funk , brazilian and electronic music .", "the first 23 years of her life , lilian vieira lived in brazil where she grew up in a musical family and is surrounded with traditional brazilian music .", "next to her study in nursing she performed with a . o . guitar player gilson fernandes .", "she knows the lyrics of hundreds of brazilian songs out of her head .", "in 1989 she moved to the netherlands , started a study in nursing but did not finish this and started working as singer .", "that makes her finally decide to study singing at the rotterdam conservatory .", "she finances her singing colleges with live performances and writes portuguese lyrics , a . o . for the cd tudo bem from the brazilian fusion formation batida .", "together with stephan debeverre and enrique firpi she sings in the band banda tocha in 1993 and between 1994 and 1998 she is a part of the brasil connection and aquarelas do brasil in conduction of elmar schmidt in munich ( germany ) .", "in 1994 she is guest vocalist on the lp abentura by the group tocha ( on pasadena productions ) .", "also released that year are the singles tête a tête tropical and batacuda tropical ( on tink !", "records ) featuring lilian vieira .", "in 1994 she forms together with guitarist leonardo amuedo , drummer - percussionist luis luz , pianist juan pablo dobal en bassist - pianist josé lopretti the band bacán , a brazilian fusion group .", "their untitled debut album is released by challenge that same year , which yields a lot of gigs for the group .", "a second album , cara , bacán con lilian vieira , is launched at the north sea jazz festival .", "in 1995 viva brasil released ( pan records ) , a cd with a . o . songs of bacán and treme terra , another group in which vieira sings .", "in 1995 , 1996 and 1997 vieira provides guest vocals on albums of the jazz formation sfeq ( respectively nunks pays , united volume one and united volume two , all three released by dox ) .", "in 1996 she is also featured on the album my rhythmical nature ( sony ) by the antillean guitarist cedric dandaré .", "create a free website or blog at wordpress .", "com .", "musicians and night - club proprietors live complicated lives ; it ’ s advisable to call ahead to confirm engagements . . 237 w . 42nd st . ( 212 - 997 - 4144 ) — dec . 5 : b . b . king , the master himself .", "dec . 6 : johnny winter , the legendary blues guitarist , returns to town .", "dec . 7 : when the seldom scene formed , in bethesda , maryland , in 1971 , its ranks included an instrument repairman , a mathematician , a physician , a graphic artist , and a cartographer .", "only the mathematician ( ben eldridge , on banjo ) is left from the original lineup , but the bluegrass formula remains .", "127 e . 23rd st . ( 212 - 307 - 7171 ) — dec . 3 : kevin costner & modern west .", "costner , who has danced with wolves , survived in a world of water , and delivered the mail , has taken on yet another challenging role : leading a roots - rock band .", "dec . 8 : the airborne toxic event , having just completed thirty shows in thirty days in the u . k . , stops by with its sharp and literate dance rock .", "17 irving pl . , at 15th st . ( 212 - 777 - 6800 ) — dec . 4 : suicidal tendencies came out of the southern california hardcore - punk scene of the early eighties and quickly became superstars of the genre .", "the band , led by the burly skateboard fanatic mike muir , went on to court the heavy - metal demographic , but it never lost its way .", "dec . 5 : fresh from quitting both the hard - rock supergroup velvet revolver and the briefly reunited ersatz - grunge combo stone temple pilots , the mercurial vocalist scott weiland has relaunched his solo career with the album “ happy in galoshes .", "” he ’ s headlining k - rock ’ s annual holiday show .", "425 lafayette st . ( 212 - 539 - 8777 ) — dec . 6 : if by yes is a dreamy pop ensemble led by the electronics maven yuka honda and the virtuosic singer petra haden , who is one of the jazz bassist charlie haden ’ s triplet daughters .", "the group , which has been gestating for nearly a decade , has a début album due out next year .", "honda ’ s gentle and fractured electronic soundscapes provide the perfect backdrop to haden ’ s endearing and stunningly precise vocal lines .", "rounding out the band are several downtown musicians on saxophone , guitar , and drums .", "66 n . 6th st . , williamsburg , brooklyn ( 718 - 486 - 5400 ) — dec . 5 - 6 : the brooklyn group yeasayer is riding a wave of buzz for its mix of indie rock and outré african , bollywood , and middle eastern sounds .", "they follow the globe - trotting path blazed by david byrne and paul simon , but , guided by the ghost of syd barrett , they seem less interested in crossover pop success than in mind - bending experimentation .", "broadway at 44th st . ( 212 - 307 - 7171 ) — dec . 5 - 6 : twenty years ago , the irreverent long island heavy - metal band twisted sister locked horns with tipper gore ’ s parents music resource center .", "my , how times have changed .", "these days , the band members , who still have a habit of dressing like unconvincing transvestites , prefer to perform christmas carols .", "they deliver “ o come all ye faithful , ” “ silver bells , ” and other holiday favorites — in a fist - pumping , head - banging style , of course .", "204 varick st . , at w . houston st . ( 212 - 243 - 4940 ) — dec . 4 : every few weeks , for the past decade or so , dj rekha has been sharing the joys of updated punjabi folk music with her “ basement bhangra ” dance parties .", "125 fifth ave . , park slope , brooklyn ( 718 - 230 - 0236 ) — dec . 5 : north carolina ’ s squirrel nut zippers ( who take their name from an old - time candy bar ) made a big splash in 1997 with the hit song “ hell , ” a quirky ode to damnation couched in a slippery hybrid of big - band music and hot jazz .", "the group rode the crest of the retro - swing craze and quietly slipped from the scene after the release of its album “ bedlam ballroom , ” in 2000 . recently , however , they got back together , picking up right where they left off .", "123 w . 43rd st . ( 212 - 840 - 2824 ) — dec . 2 - 3 : the guitarist jorma kaukonen and the bassist jack casady became rock stars in the sixties , when their san francisco psychedelic protest band , the jefferson airplane , hit it big .", "but the two started playing together in the d . c . area as kids , in 1958 , which makes this a fiftieth - anniversary tour .", "these old friends will mostly be in electric hot tuna mode ( with the drummer eric diaz and the multi - instrumentalist barry mitterhoff ) .", "ollabelle opens on dec . 2 , and larry keel on dec . 3 .", "125 e . 11th st . ( 212 - 353 - 1600 ) — dec . 5 : grace potter and the nocturnals roll down from their home in the mountains of vermont for a night of bluesy rock .", "dec . 7 : the local favorites nada surf .", "315 w . 44th st . ( 212 - 581 - 3080 ) — dec . 3 - 6 : grady tate , a brilliant drummer who favors singing these days , is supported in grand style by the pianist kenny barron , among others .", "131 w . 3rd st . , near sixth ave . ( 212 - 475 - 8592 ) — curtis stigers and rachelle ferrell are singers who extend the vocal - jazz tradition through imaginative repertoires and unconventional styling .", "they split the week here , with stigers in dec . 2 - 4 , and ferrell dec . 5 - 7 . carlyle hotel , madison ave . at 76th st . ( 212 - 744 - 1600 ) — the bighearted , gruff - voiced entertainer steve tyrell holds court through the end of the year .", "broadway at 60th st . ( 212 - 258 - 9595 ) — dec . 2 - 7 : kenny werner is an accomplished and ambitious pianist and composer whose gifts are best set off in fast company ; his present quintet includes the trumpeter randy brecker , the saxophonist david sanchez , and the drummer antonio sanchez , major players all .", "540 park ave . , at 61st st . ( 212 - 339 - 4095 ) — dec . 2 - 30 : “ the sinatra holiday project ” combines two of michael feinstein ’ s most successful musical endeavors , his recent reinterpretation of the work of ol ’ blue eyes and his ecumenical show of seasonal songs .", "it ’ s a two - for - one evening of artful mirth that ’ s perfect for the times .", "1650 broadway , at 51st st . ( 212 - 582 - 2121 ) — dec . 3 - 7 : two old - school practitioners of the hammond electric organ , dr . lonnie smith and ruben wilson , are joined by a younger acolyte , joey defrancesco .", "mondays belong to the electric - guitar innovator les paul .", "broadway at 60th st . ( 212 - 721 - 6500 ) — dec . 5 - 6 : paquito d ’ rivera , the saxophonist and clarinet virtuoso who has come to personify cuban - american music , joins up with the jazz at lincoln center orchestra for a program of cuban big - band sounds .", "116 e . 27th st . ( 212 - 576 - 2232 ) — dec . 5 - 7 : pablo ziegler , the pianist with the late astor piazzolla ’ s now legendary new tango quintet , leads his own ensemble with hector del curto on bandoneón .", "guests from the jazz world include the saxophonist james carter ( dec . 5 - 6 ) and the vibraphonist joe locke ( dec . 7 ) .", "the mingus tribute bands are in rotation on mondays .", "158 bleecker st . ( 212 - 796 - 0741 ) — dec . 9 : three musicians as deeply influenced by the music of the indian subcontinent as they are by jazz — the saxophonist rudresh mahanthappa , the guitarist rez abbasi , and the tabla player dan weiss — unite in the indo - pak coalition .", "later that night , the trumpeter dave douglas and his horns - and - drums quintet , brass ecstasy , take the stage .", "221 w . 46th st . ( 212 - 719 - 5799 ) — what better way to distract yourself from the current financial crisis than by tapping your foot or dancing to vince giordano and his nighthawks , specialists in the propulsive sounds of twenties and thirties jazz .", "on monday nights , they play club cache , a downstairs room at this italian restaurant adjacent to the hotel edison .", "note : during the winter months , you enter through the hotel ’ s lobby ( look for the sandwich - board sign and lighted sousaphone on the street , and follow the arrows to the action ) .", "178 seventh ave . s . , at 11th st . ( 212 - 255 - 4037 ) — the pianist geri allen ( here with her trio dec . 2 - 7 ) keeps her music fresh and her audience attentive ; she has one foot in the avant garde and the other on jazz terra firma .", "a personnel change in allen ’ s trio helps keep things moving : kassa overall has replaced the veteran drummer jimmy cobb .", "the vanguard jazz orchestra holds sway on mondays .", "sign up for our daily newsletter : the best of the new yorker every day .", "from louis armstrong to the n . f . l . : ungrateful as the new uppity © 2017 condé nast .", "all rights reserved .", "use of this site constitutes acceptance of our user agreement ( effective 1 / 2 / 2016 ) and privacy policy ( effective 1 / 2 / 2016 ) .", "your california privacy rights .", "the material on this site may not be reproduced , distributed , transmitted , cached or otherwise used , except with prior written permission of condé nast .", "the new yorker may earn a portion of sales from products and services that are purchased through links on our site as part of our affiliate partnerships with retailers .", "<EOS>" ]

[ [ "reception", "the allmusic review by scott yanow awarded the album 4 stars and stated \" quebec emphasizes warm , long tones ( reminiscent of coleman hawkins in a romantic fashion ) , and his sidemen play light and appealing but nonetheless authoritative bossa rhythms \" ." ] ]

[ "< EOT > i read the baby in the mirror a few years ago and found it fascinating .", "before buying pieces of light ( which i think is a pun on pieces of eight , for buried treasure ) i ' d read mlodinow ' s book subliminal , about current thinking on the way the unconscious mind takes care of most of what we do , and i was afraid this book would be covering the same ground .", "however , although it refers ( sparingly ) to recent research and new discoveries about which parts of the brain process what , it wasn ' t at all like mlodinow ' s book , which is jokey and matter - of - fact ( and incidentally , also excellent ) .", "fernyhough ' s book is very personal , deep and moving , and reads much more like a novel than a popular science book .", "memory is an essential part of who we are .", "but what are memories , and how are they created ?", "a new consensus is emerging among cognitive scientists : rather than possessing a particular memory from our past , like a snapshot , we construct it anew each time we are called upon to remember .", "remembering is an act of narrative as much as it is the product of a neurological process .", "pieces of light illuminates this theory through a collection of human stories , each illustrating a facet of memory ' s complex synergy of cognitive and neurological functions .", "in ' ' pieces of light : the new science of memory ' ' , charles fernyhough proposes a different way of looking at memory .", "he suggests that current research shows that memories are not all locked away in a vault ready for retrieval , but that every time we have a memory , we are rebuilding it on each occasion .", "he shows how this can mean people of different ages will remember things from different parts of their lives , depending on how their brains are wired and what can cause forgetting .", "aaj proafrican jazzafrobeat diariesall about jazz : south africaanatomy of a standardask kenback roads beatbailey ' s bundlesbeauty , love and justice : living a coltranian lifebehind the lens with . . . best of / year endbig band caravanbig band in the skybig band reportbig jazz nerdbill anschell ' s notes from the lobbyblues deluxebook excerptsbook reviewsbuilding a jazz librarybuilt to soundcatching up withcd / lp / track reviewcompare & contrastconfessions of a piano playercontemporary vibescontributor newscool vic filescymbalismdan ' s dendigital musicdiscographydownload reviewsdrum addictiondvd / film reviewsextended analysisfirst impressionsfirst time i sawforgotten findsfre - formationfrom far and widefrom the inside outfuture jazzfuture theory , future practicegeneral articlesgenius guide to jazzgetting into jazzgnome notesguilty pleasuresguitarist ' s rendezvoushardly strictly jazzhi - res jazzhighly opinionatedhistory of jazzimprovise !", "in picturesin the artist ' s own wordsin the bizin the studiointerviewinterzonejazz and the netjazz artjazz biofilesjazz emergesjazz fictionjazz for kidsjazz from the vinyl junkyardjazz goes to collegejazz humorjazz in the aquarian agejazz journaljazz near mejazz poetryjazz primerjazz questjazz raconteursjazz that scratches , swings and popsjazz uncorkedjazzin ' around europejazzlife ukjazzmatazzjourney into jazzlate night thoughts on jazzliner noteslisten to this !", "live from new yorklive from philadelphialive reviewslondon callingmaking musicmeet the staffmegaphonemixed tapemr .", "p . c . ' s guide to jazz etiquette . . . multiple reviewsmuse from the frontmusic and the creative spiritmusician 2 musicianmusings in cbmusings of a jazz piano teachermust hear reviewmy blue note obsessionmy favourite thingsnew & noteworthynew york @ nightnew york beatnite & disknordic soundsnot for saleold , new , borrowed and blueon and off the gridon the road with . . . one lpopinionout and about : the super fansout - of - printphilosophisticated ladypodcastpreviewsproduct reviewsprofilesrace and jazzreaders write backreassessingrecord label profilesrediscoveryrhythm in every guiseroads less travelledscumblesshrinktunesspirit of ' 76straight from the vaultstretch movementswing settake five with . . . talkin ' bluestalking 2 musicianstell me morethe art and science of jazzthe art of the artist to fan relationshipthe audiophilethe big questionthe cool vic filesthe doorman ' s diarythe low endthe moment ' s energythe mort reportthe vinyl posttop ten listunder the radarunsung heroesvideo featurewe travel the spacewayswebsite newswhat i ' m listening to nowwhat is jazz ?", "wide open jazz and beyondworking out to jazz this has been my bedside reading for the past couple of weeks .", "i ' ve always been interested in the way memory and imagination work together to create .", "how the imagination takes all the snippets of things we ' ve stored in our brains over the years and weaves them into something completely new .", "what i didn ' t realise , until i read charles fernyhough ' s book , pieces of light : the new science of memory was just how dependent the memory was on imagination in order to enable us to remember .", "pieces of light : the new science of memory : amazon .", "co . uk : charles charles fernyhough : 9781846684494 : books pieces of light : the new science of memory and over 2 million other books are available for amazon kindle .", "learn more drawing on case studies , personal experience and the latest research , charles fernyhough delves into the memories of the very young and very old , and explores how amnesia and trauma can affect how we view the past .", "exquisitely written and meticulously researched , pieces of light blends science and literature , the ordinary and the extraordinary , to illuminate the way we remember and forget .", "this item : pieces of light : the new science of memory by charles charles fernyhough paperback £ 9 .", "99 start reading pieces of light : the new science of memory on your kindle in under a minute .", "the way we encode our lives in the memory is also interesting - apparently we are all natural story - tellers .", "` narrative , ' fernyhough states , ` is a key organisational force in autobiographical memory . '", "we remember events as stories , pieces of narrative .", "the author comments in the book , ` i set out to write about some science , and i ended up by telling a lot of stories ' .", "it ' s the story our brain remembers while the event itself fades .", "our lives become a series of narratives .", "we seem to have a need to ` create a coherent narrative about where one has come from ' .", "but apparently it sacrifices accuracy in order to produce ` meaning ' - the emotional value of the event is more important than the small detail .", "the final three tracks ( each about 15 minutes ) are what make the disc worthy of attention . \"", "message from denmark is built from a series of unaccompanied solos , giving each of the players a very different vantage by the time the group improv begins .", "the 16 - minute \" the looking glass i , opening with a prerecorded introductory holdover from the electronic survival days , is a dense , exciting and fairly prophetic piece of music .", "the disc concludes with \" harriet , a sort of anxious ballad ( like the rest of the tracks , it ' s mcphee ' s composition ) dedicated to harriet tubman .", "some three years later , mcphee picked up again on the growing electronic music movement , recording a set of duos on saxophones , trumpet , e flat alto horn , flute , modified nagoya harp , chimes and voice with john snyder playing an arp analogue synthesizer .", "mcphee at times anticipates and complements the limited wave forms of his playing partner , but the two don ' t try to mimic or play on top of each other .", "rather , they assume , shift , meld and counter roles .", "mcphee at times plays marvelously jazzy in alien vistas and if snyder ' s synthesizer sounds a bit dated at times it never comes off as quaint .", "with the renewed popularity of analogue electronics of late , ' dated ' is not much of an issue .", "in fact , if anything dates this as an ' electroacoustic ' meeting , it ' s the pair ' s willingness to be musical .", "but being musical is one thing that has never been a problem for mcphee .", "charles fernyhough also looks at how , by giving fictional characters rich memory banks , we can make them more authentic for the reader .", "he uses hilary mantel ' s wolf hall as an example of this , and discusses the work of w . g . sebald and how he used memory to give a sense of reality - the texture of memoir - to his novels .", "reading them , you are never sure whether this is reminiscence or fiction .", "there is ` a kind of active remembering in which the world and self - hood are continually constructed and reconstructed - from present - day events and from not - quite - intelligible fragments of the past ' .", "joe mcphee : n . y . n . y .", "1971 & pieces of light ( 1974 ) joe mcphee : n . y . n . y .", "1971 & pieces of light ( 1974 ) pieces of light : the new . . . has been added to your basket it seems that our memories of past events aren ' t stored in one place , like a video film , just waiting to be re - run , but in bits and pieces of information in different parts of the brain ; smell in one place , sound in another , visual and emotional cues in others .", "when we try to remember something that happened to us in the past , our imagination comes into play to reconstruct the memory as a narrative , which explains why people remember things so differently , and memories alter through time - a minor detail when the event took place might acquire real significance later .", "combining the engaging style of a novelist with the rigour of a scientist , insightful and thought provoking . . . will linger in your memory and change the way you think about it .", "( daniel l . schacter , professor of psychology , harvard university , and author of the seven sins of memory : how the mind forgets and remembers . )", "this factor helped me engage with the book more than i otherwise might have done , but all the way through i found myself thinking back and relating to areas fernyhough discussed to my own life .", "as he talked about memory formation in childhood , i was able to find examples and there was a feeling of familiarity in other areas .", "although i had a period of studying psychology , the information is so well presented that a reader will need no advanced knowledge of the subject to relate to the book in the same way i did .", "some of the mentions of specific brain areas may get a little confusing , but there is a helpful diagram to show which parts he is talking about , which i referred to often . \"", "benedictus , the haunting theme of television ’ s morse series composed by barrington pheloung , is the star turn of a 17 - track celebration of exquisite choral music .", "other classics include pergolesi ’ s stabat mater as well as a magnificently uplifting performance of mozart ’ s laudate dominum . \"", "an effort has been made to standardize the titles of musical pieces .", "his survival unit ii - recorded at new york city ' s wbai radio , at the time a hotbed of political dissent - came after his original survival unit fell apart and after a solo tape - music project called electronic survival unit .", "the first half hour of the concert shows what a good acoustic jazz band was expected to be in new york in the early ' 70s ( the blueprint being trane ' s later band with wife alice and rashied ali a few years prior ) , a mixing of freeform fervence with unabashed , abstract beauty .", "not mcphee ' s strongest band , nor his strongest record from the period , but a memorable period piece .", "i was exposed to jazz at an early age in brooklyn ny . . . so much music around . . . all kinds of music .", "i think you acquire the taste for the music first with albums like kind of blue , boss guitar , coltrane ballads , then go from there to bitches brew , heavy weather . . . always explore and be aware of the artists you are listening to and the great players they surrounded themselves with .", "albaniaalgeriaandorraangolaanguillaantigua / barbudaargentinaarmeniaarubaaustraliaaustriaazerbaijanbahamasbahrainbangladeshbarbadosbelarusbelgiumbelizebeninbermudabhutanboliviabosnia / herzegowinabotswanabrazilbrunei darussalambulgariaburkina fasoburundicambodiacamerooncanadacape verdecayman islandscentral african republicchilechinacolombiacongocosta ricacroatiacubacyprusczechiadenmarkdjiboutidominican republicecuadoregyptel salvadorequatorial guineaestoniaethiopiafijifinlandfrancefrench polynesiagermanyghanagibraltargreecegrenadaguadeloupeguatemalaguyanahaitihondurashong konghungaryicelandindiaindonesiairan ( islamic republic of ) iraqirelandisraelitalyjamaicajapanjerseykazakhstankenyakuwaitkyrgyzstanlao people ' s democratic republiclatvialebanonliechtensteinlithuanialuxembourgmacaumacedoniamadagascarmalawimalaysiamalimaltamartiniquemauritaniamauritiusmayottemexicomicronesia ( federated states of ) moldova , republic ofmonacomongoliamontenegromoroccomozambiquenamibianepalnetherlandsnetherlands antillesnew caledonianew zealandnicaraguanigerianorth koreanorwayomanpakistanpanamaparaguayperuphilippinespolandportugalpuerto ricoqatarromaniarussian federationrwandasamoasan marinosaudi arabiasenegalserbia , republic ofseychellessingaporeslovakiasloveniasomaliasouth africasouth koreaspainsri lankasudanswazilandswedenswitzerlandsyrian arab republictaiwan , province of chinatajikistantanzania , united republic ofthailandtogotrinidad / tobagotunisiaturkeyturkmenistantuvaluugandaukraineunited arab emiratesunited kingdomunited statesuruguayuzbekistanvatican city state ( holy see ) venezuelaviet namvirgin islands ( british ) virgin islands ( u . s . ) yemenyugoslaviazairezambiazimbabwe in this enthralling tour of human memory , charles fernyhough - himself a hybrid of science and poetry - reveals the mysterious forces behind these stories that shape our lives .", "( jonah lehrer , author of imagine : how creativity works ) over the years , i ' ve seen the human memory at its best and worst .", "i watched my nan suffer with alzheimer ' s to the point she couldn ' t remember who anyone was , but also had a colleague who won a silver medal at the memory olympics for his ability to remember long strings of items .", "i also studied memory as part of a psychology degree but , perhaps ironically , i can no longer remember much of what i learned . \"", "6 little piano pieces \" , op .", "19 < leicht , zart > five pieces for orchestra , op .", "10 < fliessend , äusserst zart > something that often gets overlooked amongst the generations of post ' 60s free jazz blowers and fans is that john coltrane was a conceptualist and that the free improvisation that erupted out of his 1965 album ascension was just one concept .", "he went on to do such albums as kulu se mama , interstellar space and expression , very different records based on very different ideas about structuring improvisation .", "i was exposed to jazz at an early age in brooklyn ny . . . so much music around . . . all kinds of music .", "i think you acquire the taste for the music first with albums like kind of blue , boss guitar , coltrane ballads , then go from there to bitches brew , heavy weather . . fernyhough weaves literature and science to expose our rich , beautiful relationship with our past and future selves .", "( dr . david eagleman , neuroscientist and author of incognito : the secret lives of the brain ) fernyhough writes in a very narrative style , which is unusual in what is essentially a textbook , but which gives the book a better flow than it may otherwise have had .", "he has written a novel and that experience stands him in good stead here .", "even when the material does become a little more complicated , as he reports of research carried out on specific areas of the brain , his style means the book is always readable .", "if there is a downside to the book , it is that the narrative style works against the ability to find specific information quickly .", "it helps with readability and would increase the readership , but slightly hinders the use of the book as a research tool or as a traditional textbook .", "in addition , whilst the style makes it a decent read , it only explores memory and doesn ' t give any information on how to improve it , which the shelves of many bookstores suggest many people may be looking for .", "however , as a starting point for those looking to find a little more about memory generally , or as a textbook for those new to studying psychology , this is a valuable resource .", "it is very easy to read and will encourage those who wish to do so to dig a little deeper .", "it has certainly awakened my interest in memory more than i recall the much drier textbooks of my psychology course doing and it ' s considerably cheaper than many of the books that failed to spark my interest back then , too .", "this is not your average science book .", "mixing very personal biography with the the very latest neuroscience charles fernyhough takes us on a journey of our understanding of . . . read more in ' illumina ' you will find some of our best loved choral classics : gems such pergolesi ' s stabat mater and mozart ' s laudate dominum are presented alongside contemporary works in the great anglo - american choral tradition with composers such as john rutter , morten lauridsen and eric whitacre .", "you will also discover brand new arrangements of franck ' s famous panis angelicus and mahler ' s adagietto from his fifth symphony .", "joe mcphee might be the truest living heir to trane ' s mantle .", "on top of the face - value ( the tenor saxophone , the spiritual and political undercurrents , the ability to evoke both gentleness and fury ) , there ' s a shared dedication to exploring , to seeking out new contexts .", "two recent releases - each recorded more than 30 years ago - show that mcphee ' s thirst for new challenges has been with him as long as he ' s been recording .", "multiple reviews of stories , songs , and self : fred hersch ' s good things . . . sign in or sign up to upload your mp3 for \" download of the day \" consideration .", "if you shop at any of the stores below , please initiate your purchase from all about jazz .", "when you do , all about jazz will receive a sales commission .", "listen playing . . . paused you ' re listening to a sample of the audible audio edition .", "shortlisted for the royal society winton prize 2013 and the 2013 best book of ideas prize .", "the memory illusion : remembering , forgetting , and the science of false memory by dr julia shaw paperback £ 9 .", "99 this shopping feature will continue to load items .", "in order to navigate out of this carousel please use your heading shortcut key to navigate to the next or previous heading .", "average customer review : 4 .", "2 out of 5 stars 16 customer reviews a sophisticated blend of findings from science and ideas from literature . . . at times moving and very rewarding ( times higher education ) i was searching for something up - to - date that would explain the science and art of memory ; i wanted a book that was comprehensible to an outsider to neuroscience but not one that oversimplified .", "fernyhough ' s book is perfect , so useful that i bought a second copy for my ipad .", "5 .", "0 out of 5 starssuperb book .", "although he doesn ' t specifically mention alzheimer ' s , he talks about what can act as a block to memory in various ways and how traumatic events can take their own hold over our memories but can , in turn , be handled .", "there is a brief mention of how seemingly long forgotten events can be sparked into life with the right cues and how memories can be falsely generated or influenced by external factors , particularly in the very young .", "even with my own studies in memory being so long ago , i was frequently fascinated by the research details here .", "particular areas that concerned me were touched upon , with the ability to remember large amounts of data mentioned , if not fully explained or backed with research .", "more interesting to me personally was when he talked about how memory trick us into thinking life goes faster as you age , as that is something i have long felt is happening to me .", "this review may also appear , in whole or in part , under my name at any or all of www .", "ciao .", "co . uk , www .", "thebookbag .", "co . uk , www .", "goodreads .", "com , www .", "amazon .", "co . uk and www .", "dooyoo .", "co . uk in amnesia victims , where the part of the brain that controls imagination is damaged , memory is severely disrupted and ` forward thinking ' - the ability to speculate about the future - is impossible .", "go to amazon .", "com to see all 41 reviews 3 .", "6 out of 5 stars i gave up less than a third of the way through with still no scientific revelations in sight as it maundered along .", "some interesting new ways of seeing memory .", "goes a little too much into the authors autobiography for examples but otherwise a good read for research on the subject or general . . . read more this book provided a scientific overview of memory , told by reference to personal experiences and observations .", "read more by clicking create my account , you confirm that you accept our terms of use and privacy policy .", "inspector morse , oxford ' s cult television character , is celebrated with barrington pheloung ' s theme song , for the first time in vocal arrangement by director edward higginbottom .", "the album celebrates choral excellence and follows the fascination of vocal music through the centuries to the present day .", "read more about some of the new arrangements in edward higginbottom ' s blog post .", "classics from the silver screen : music used in movies by benjamin chee .", "there ' s also an a - z of composers , but under the composer , listing is not by work but by film title .", "last update apparently 2004 . the art of fugue , counterpoint no .", "11 the art of fugue , counterpoint no .", "3 the art of fugue , counterpoint no .", "9 prelude no .", "2 in a minor , op .", "28 no .", "2 \" presentiment of death \" music for movies suite < story of grovers corners \" ( from our town ; no .", "4 ) > hms pinafore < my gallant crew \" , \" i am the captain of the pinafore \" , \" sir joseph ' s barge is seen \" and \" hardly ever . . . > in the hall of the mountian king from peer gynt suite no .", "1 procession of the sardar from caucasian sketches suite no .", "1 the marriage of figaro < l ' ho perduta . . . me meschina !", "( cavatina ) > isle of the dead , op .", "29 prelude in c - sharp minor , op .", "3 no .", "2 \" the bells of moscow \" survival unit ii with clifford thornton , n . y . n . y .", "1971 survival unit ii with clifford thornton , n . y . n . y .", "1971 tracks : announcement 1 ; black magic man ; announcement 2 ; nation time ; song for lauren ; announcement 3 ; message from denmark ; the looking glass i ; harriet .", "personnel : joe mcphee : tenor saxophone , trumpet ; byron morris : alto and soprano saxophones ; clifford thornton : baritone horn ; mike kull : piano ; harold e . smith : drums .", "tracks : prologue / twelve ; shadow sculptures ; les heros sont fatigues ; red giant ; windows in dreams / colors in crystal .", "personnel : joe mcphee : flute , trumpet , flugelhorn , tenor s , vocals , wind chimes , pocket trumpet ; john snyder : arp .", "please enable javascript to view the comments powered by disqus .", "solos : the lost . . . multiple reviews emanem releases new music from late , great heroes lacy and . . . beauty , love and justice : living a coltranian life dr . cornel west : a real - life superhero multiple reviews five women iv – linda carone , gunilla törnfeldt , . . . multiple reviews christmas roundup 2016 : aguankó , jeff collins , & . . . we inform jazz fans and alert them to local shows .", "and while we ' re at it , we ' re improving audience attendance and building active jazz communities worldwide .", "one moment , you will be redirected shortly .", "membership has its privileges !", "sign up or sign in to gain full access to both all about jazz and jazz near you .", "learn more .", "sign in or sign up to upload your events .", "learn more .", "sign in or sign up to upload and share your publicity or live event photos .", "sign in or sign up to create or claim your musician profile page .", "review our musician toolkit page .", "advocacyaward / grantbirthdaybook / magazinecareercontestcrowdfunding campaigneconomicseducationeventfestivalfor saleinterviewjob postinglooking for . . . music industryobituaryopinionperformance / tourradiorecordingrightssocial gatheringspecial offerstechnologytrendstv / filmvideo / dvdwebsite sign in or sign up to upload your press release .", "learn more and read our faq .", "a simple way to support all about jazz and jazz near you .", "develop a column , write album reviews , cover live shows , or conduct interviews .", "save £ 2 .", "80 ( 28 % ) by choosing the kindle edition .", "available on ios , android , mac & pc .", "no , thanks .", "i don ’ t want to save £ 2 .", "80 yes , go to kindle edition free uk delivery on book orders dispatched by amazon over £ 10 . dispatched from and sold by amazon .", "gift - wrap available .", "please enter a valid uk postcode .", "please enter a valid uk postcode .", "comment : over 6 million items sold .", "fast dispatch and delivery .", "excellent customer feedback .", "note : this item is eligible for click and collect .", "details pick up your parcel at a time and place that suits you .", "£ 9 .", "99 free uk delivery on book orders dispatched by amazon over £ 10 . in stock .", "dispatched from and sold by amazon .", "gift - wrap available .", "earn amazon reward points with your purchases .", "learn more sent from and sold by amazon .", "free delivery on orders over £ 10 . details sent from and sold by amazon .", "free delivery on orders over £ 10 . details enter your mobile number or email address below and we ' ll send you a link to download the free kindle app .", "then you can start reading kindle books on your smartphone , tablet , or computer - no kindle device required .", "to get the free app , enter your mobile phone number .", "don ' t have a kindle ?", "get your kindle here , or download a free kindle reading app .", "a captivating journey into the mind . . . told with great style ( telegraph ) 0comment | 11 people found this helpful .", "was this review helpful to you ?", "yesnoreport abuse 0comment | 3 people found this helpful .", "was this review helpful to you ?", "yesnoreport abuse 0comment | 4 people found this helpful .", "was this review helpful to you ?", "yesnoreport abuse there are some lovely interviews with charles fernyhough ' s mother martha , attempting to recall her life in conversations with the author , reconstructing it and discovering new perspectives as she gazes back at it across eight decades .", "i liked the quote from a critic , discussing proust ( you can ' t really talk about memory without mentioning him ) : \" like our eyes , our memories must see double ; these two images then converge in our minds into a single heightened reality \" .", "fernyhough goes on to elaborate : ` our two eyes , stereoscopically aligned , allow us to see space ; memory allows us to ` see ' time .", "memories are about what happened then , but they are also about who we are now ' .", "11 comment | 19 people found this helpful .", "was this review helpful to you ?", "yesnoreport abuse this is a great book !", "it introduces each memory first through a personal or case experience , which is followed by the most recent scientific data in the field .", "you can grasp the laborious research which has gone into this book , everything is incredibly well explained .", "with me coming from a memory and neuroscience field myself , it is incredibly easy to read .", "but also for people with an interest , yet not a detailed knowledge , this book is a must read .", "0comment | 9 people found this helpful .", "was this review helpful to you ?", "yesnoreport abuse excellent information and easy to read .", "0comment | one person found this helpful .", "was this review helpful to you ?", "yesnoreport abuse i ' ll procrastinate tomorrow if i remember .", "published 1 year ago by dr . piotr j . masiak an accessible and up - to - date introduction .", "this looks like a popular science book but reads like literary non - fiction .", "it minimizes the science , weaves in stories based on personal experience , draws on fiction , and is slow . . . read more pages with related products .", "see and discover other items : russian literature , sons and lovers , classic fiction prime members also enjoy exclusive access to movies and tv shows , two million songs and much more .", "there ' s a problem loading this menu at the moment .", "learn more about amazon prime .", "your shopping cart is empty .", "more items in the cart . . . wedding décor 50pcs / lot artificial flower rose flowers table confetti home decor ( 4 .", "5cm ) please click the validation box .", "new user ?", "you can now login using your facebook or google account .", "email address : password : confirm password : default shipping : australiabrazilcanadafrancegermanyitalyspainswitzerlandunited kingdomunited states afghanistanalbaniaalgeriaamerican samoaandorraangolaanguillaantigua and barbudaargentinaarmeniaarubaaustraliaaustriaazerbaijanbahamasbahrainbangladeshbarbadosbelarusbelgiumbelizebeninbermudabhutanboliviabosnia and herzegowinabotswanabrazilbritish indian ocean territorybrunei darussalambulgariaburkina fasoburundicambodiacamerooncanadacanary islandscape verdecayman islandscentral african republicchadchilechinachristmas islandcocos ( keeling ) islandscolombiacomoroscongocongo , the democratic republiccook islandscosta ricacote d & # 39 ; ivoirecroatiacubacyprusczech republicdenmarkdjiboutidominicadominican republiceast timorecuadoregyptel salvadorequatorial guineaeritreaestoniaethiopiafalkland islands ( malvinas ) faeroe islandsfijifinlandfrancefrance , dom - 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tom saint - martinsudansurinamesvalbard and jan mayen islandsswazilandswedenswitzerlandtaiwan , chinatajikistantanzania , united republic ofthailandtogotokelautongatrinidad and tobagotunisiaturkeyturkmenistanturks and caicos islandstuvaluu .", "s . guamugandaukraineunited arab emiratesunited kingdomunited statesuruguayuzbekistanvanuatuvatican city state ( holy see ) venezuelavietnamvirgin islands ( british ) virgin islands ( u . s . ) western saharayemenzambiazimbabwe please click the validation box .", "* not include made - to - order items .", "visit our other site : miniinthebox .", "com copyright © 2006 - 2017 lightinthebox .", "com all rights reserved .", "keep up to date . . . ( adagietto from symphony no .", "5 ) j . s . bach / charles gounod arr .", "edward higginbottom \" [ illumina ] shows off the warm , immediate new college oxford sound in which individuals are encouraged to sing out rather than , as some collegiate choirs prefer , blend in . . . . the results are vivid and committed . \"", "classical music used in films by the naxos record company , with links to their cd editions ( last update not indicated ) .", "different from those two listings , this one comes in one piece .", "the layout has to be simple to keep the file size down .", "this way , you can easily search this list , e . g . for film title , using your browser ' s search command ( ctrl + f ) .", "statistics : 2 .", "060 database entries ( composer / work / film ) , 1 .", "170 films , 810 works by 180 composers chaconne ( 5th movt ) from violin partita no .", "2 prélude ( 1st movt ) from cello suite no .", "1 presto ( 4th movt ) from violin sonata no .", "1 sheep may safely graze from cantata no .", "208 viola de gamba sonata no .", "1 in g , bwv 1027 < adagio > the well - tempered clavier , book i < fugue no .", "14 in f - sharp minor > the well - tempered clavier , book i < prelude no .", "1 in c > the well - tempered clavier , book i < prelude no .", "12 > the well - tempered clavier , book i < prelude no .", "1 > the well - tempered clavier , book i < prelude no .", "2 in c - minor > \" 32 variations on an original theme \" , woo .", "80 < variations xxvi and xxvii > piano sonata no .", "16 in g , op .", "31 no .", "1 , 2nd movt string quartet no .", "13 in b - flat \" leib \" , op .", "130 , 5th movt string quartet , op .", "18 , no .", "6 string trio no .", "2 in g , op .", "9 no .", "1 - - love potion no .", "9 - - love potion no .", "9 - - someone like you . . la musica notturna delle strade di madrid , op .", "30 no .", "6 < quintetto > string quintet in e , op .", "11 no .", "5 < minuet ( 3rd movt ) > waltz in a - flat major , op .", "39 no .", "15 la wally < ebben ? . . .", "ne andrò lontano > marche funébre ( funeral march ) from piano sonata no .", "2 mazurka in a minor , op .", "68 no .", "2 mazurka no .", "13 in a minor , op .", "17 no .", "4 mazurka no .", "23 in d , op .", "33 / 2 nocturne in c minor , op .", "post nocturne in c - sharp minor , op .", "27 no .", "1 nocturne in e - flat \" murmures de la seine \" , op .", "9 no .", "2 nocturne in f minor , op .", "55 no .", "1 polonaise in a - flat , op .", "53 polonaise in e flat op .", "22 \" grande polonaise brilliante \" prelude in d - flat , op .", "28 no .", "15 \" raindrop \" les sylphides < waltz ( waltz no .", "1 in e - flat \" grande valse brillante \" , op .", "18 b62 ) > waltz in a minor , op .", "34 no .", "2 waltz in c - sharp minor , op .", "64 / 2 waltz in d - flat major , op .", "64 , 1 \" minute \" waltz no .", "10 in b minor , op .", "69 / 3 waltz no .", "11 in g - flat major , or 70 , no .", "1 waltz no .", "9 in a flat op .", "69 , 1 \" farewell \" adriana lecouvreur < ecco , respiro appena . . . > billy the kid < the open prairie \" ( no .", "1 ) and \" the open prairie again \" ( no .", "7 ) > music for the theatre < interlude \" ( no .", "3 ) > the red pony - - > < dream march and circus music \" ( no .", "3 ) and \" grandfather ' s story \" ( no .", "5 ) > violin sonata \" la follia \" , op .", "5 no .", "12 concerto 8 in d , op .", "99 biblical songs , op .", "99 < the lord is my shepherd > gypsy songs , op .", "55 < songs my mother taught me > serenade for strings op .", "22 , 2nd movt serenade in d minor , op .", "44 la capricieuse - morceau de genre , op .", "17 pomp and circumstance march no .", "1 - 4 pomp and circumstance march no .", "1 pomp and circumstance march no .", "4 spanish dance , op .", "37 no .", "5 concerto grosso in b minor op .", "12 no .", "6 , 3rd movt \" harp \" concerto no .", "6 in b - flat , op .", "4 / 6 recorder sonata , op .", "1 no .", "11 water music suite no .", "1 in f < hornpipe ; andante > water music suite no .", "3 in d < alla hornpipe > the water music suite no .", "3 in d < allegro > string quartet in b - flat \" sunrise \" , op .", "76 / 4 string quartet in c , op .", "76 no .", "3 \" emperor \" , 2nd movt string quartet in d , op .", "20 no .", "4 string quartet , op .", "33 , no .", "1 string quartet in f \" serenade \" , op .", "3 no .", "5 sabre dance from gayaneh suite no .", "3 \" come falda di neve \" ( no .", "10 ) from lagrime de san pietro \" hohe liebe \" ( no .", "1 ) and \" o lieb , so lang du lieben kannst \" ( no .", "3 ) from liebesträume , s 541 woodland sketches < to a wild rose , op .", "51 > quintet in b - flat , op .", "87 , 3rd movt songs without words book ii , op .", "30 no .", "1 < andante espressivo \" contemplation \" in e - flat > canción y danza no .", "5 cancion y danza no .", "6 6 german dances k . 509 , no .", "1 - 3 adagio and fugue in c minor , k . 546 ave verum corpus , k . 618 coronation mass , k . 517 < agnes dei and dona nobis pacem > divertimento for string trio k . 563 , 3rd movt divertimento in b - flat k . 137 , 3rd movt divertimento in d k . 136 , 1st and 3rd movts divertimento in f k . 138 , 2nd movt exsultate , jubilate k . 165 litaniae de venerabili altaris sacramento , k . 243 < dulcissimum convivium and viaticum > mass in c minor , k . 427 < kyrie > mass ( missa solemnis ) no .", "4 in c - minor \" orphanage \" < solus sanctus > piano sonata in a k . 331 , 1st movt piano sonata no .", "17 in b - flat , k . 570 sinfonia concertante for clarinet , bassoon , oboe and horn k . 291 , 1st movt sinfonia concertante in e - flat for violin , viola and orchestra , k . 364 string quartet no .", "14 in g , k . 387 vesperae solennes de confessore , k . 339 < laudate dominum > die zauberflöte < dies bildnis ist bezaubernd schön . . . > mozart , l < attrb .", "haydn > gassenhauer nach hans neusiedler ( 1536 ) from music für kinder nr .", "15 ( 1952 ) from vier stucke für xylophone la campanella ( from violin concerto no .", "2 ) the notebook for anna magdelena bach < menuet no .", "4 > \" remember not , lord , our offences \" , z .", "50 prelude in g , op .", "32 no .", "5 - - kill bill vol .", "1 la cenerentola < si , ritrovarla io giuro . . . > presto from sonata no .", "14 in d suite for piano , op .", "25 < gigue > ave maria , op .", "52 / 6 \" grandes marches \" no .", "5 in e - flat , d 819 impromptu in a - flat , d 899 no .", "4 impromptu in a - flat , op .", "142 , 2 impromptu in g - flat , d 899 no .", "3 piano trio no .", "2 in e - flat , op .", "100 < andante con moto > prelude and fugue no .", "1 in c symphony no .", "1 in f minor , op .", "10 sonatina for piano in e , op .", "67 no .", "2 , 2nd movt trumpet volntary in d , op .", "6 , 5 8 lieder aus ' letzte blätter ' , op .", "10 no .", "1 < zueignung > der rosenkavalier suite , op .", "59 - - artificial intelligence : a . i idylky in f minor , op .", "7 no .", "4 francesca da rimini , op .", "32 nocturne in c - sharp minor , op .", "19 no .", "4 il trovatore < ah !", "si ben mio . . . di quella pira > l ' estro armonico , op .", "3 no .", "8 < concerto no .", "8 > flute concerto , op .", "10 , no .", "2 \" la notte \" flute concerto , op .", "10 , no .", "3 invitation to the dance , op .", "65 [ i ] zuletzt aktualisiert : 08 .", "04 .", "2011 email : ub @ tu - bs .", "de <EOS>" ]

[ [ "reception", "the allmusic review by thom jurek stated \" the result is a meandering six - part meditation on how best to combine acoustically and electrically driven sounds . . . most of pieces of light is merely a curiosity \" . on all about jazz writer kurt gottschalk noted \" mcphee at times plays marvelously jazzy in alien vistas and if snyder ' s synthesizer sounds a bit dated at times it never comes off as quaint \" ." ] ]

[ "< EOT > factors that determine how well a structure provides shade include the size of the structure , its orientation ( which direction it faces ) , and where it is in relation to other structures , such as buildings , trees and other vegetation .", "the amount of uv protection provided by a structure is also contingent upon the angle of the sun and the degree of cloud cover .", "because the amount of diffuse uv that hits the skin depends on the amount of open sky visible from the shade , 10 larger shaded areas provide more protection than small ones .", "shade structures with side - on walls or other side protection , and those surrounded by other structures provide the greatest shelter from the sun ’ s rays .", "11 , 12 ( the surrounding trees in figure 3a provide extra protection compared to the protection provided in figure 3b . )", "while shade is a potentially valuable means of protection from the damaging effects of the sun ’ s ultraviolet ( uv ) rays , not all shade is equally protective .", "people can spend long hours in the shade while still receiving quite a lot of sun exposure and risking skin damage .", "this is because uvb rays , often considered the most harmful part of sunlight , can reach the skin indirectly .", "indirect or diffuse uv light is radiation that has been scattered by the clouds and other elements in the atmosphere , and / or bounced back from uv - reflective surfaces like dry sand or concrete .", "in fact , a large percentage of the uv light we receive while sitting under a tree or an umbrella is indirect .", "we can rely only on deep shade ( where we cannot see the sky and no uv penetrates ) to offer truly complete protection .", "shade structures such as roofed areas , shade - sails ( uv - protective fabrics that can be installed over outdoor areas ) and pergolas ( free standing , open - roofed arbors ) vary widely in the amount of protection provided .", "since levels of indirect uv can still be high beneath these shade structures , many have real spfs of only around 3 – 6 .", "9 in a recent study of 29 shade structures in new zealand primary schools , only six had spfs of 15 or greater , the minimum acceptable amount recommended for outdoor activities .", "10 this was alarming , given the importance of protecting children against uv and the strong evidence that excessive sun exposure during childhood significantly increases the risk of developing skin cancer later in life .", "unless they are very large , umbrellas provide relatively little uv protection .", "their spfs can range from 3 – 106 and their upfs up to 50 + ( upf , the ultraviolet protection factor , measures protection from uv radiation in fabrics .", "a shirt with a upf of 30 indicates that just 1 / 30th of the sun ’ s uv radiation can reach the skin ) , but no matter how high the fabric ’ s spf or upf , the amount of uv present beneath an umbrella can be up to 84 percent of that in sun7 depending on the levels of indirect uv ; the amount of indirect uv is proportionate to the amount of open sky visible from the shade .", "10 therefore , a single umbrella on a sandy beach by the sea provides limited sun protection because so much uv is reflected under the umbrella from the surfaces of the sand , water and sky .", "8 factors that increase the amount of scattered or indirect uvb , such as reflective surfaces , will decrease the protection trees can provide .", "the same tree actually gives less protection earlier and later in the day , when the proportion of diffuse uv is high , than it does in the middle of the day when the sun is more directly overhead .", "similarly , someone sitting under a tree on a sunny day with little indirect uv is better protected than someone sitting under the same tree on a cloudy day , when there is more indirect sunlight .", "15 however , any tree cover is better than none .", "turnbull dj , parisi av .", "increasing the ultraviolet protection provided by shade structures .", "j photochem photobiol 2005 ; 78 ( 1 ) : 61 - 7 . skin cancers are disproportionately concentrated on the head compared with other parts of the body .", "faces ( the nose in particular1 ) are especially at risk , and for men , the ears are a focal point for melanoma , 2 the deadliest form of skin cancer .", "although the head is easy to protect , too often it is left bare because hats are seen as unfashionable or an unnecessary burden .", "even when hats are worn , many provide only minimal shade — especially for the nose , ears , and neck .", "hats with broad brims all around and those with brims angled downwards provide the greatest uv protection3 ; brims must be at least three inches wide to pro - vide reasonable sun protection around the nose and cheeks ( figure 1a ) .", "research has shown that broad - brimmed hats provide protection equivalent to an spf ( sun protection factor ) of approximately 5 for the nose , ears and neck , while baseball - style caps ( figure 1b ) offer about the same protection for the nose but little for other parts of the face , including the cheeks and chin .", "3 - 5 legionnaire - style hats , which resemble baseball caps but have long ear and neck flaps , provide satisfactory protection ( spf 5 or more ) for the neck4 as well as the face .", "parisi av , kimlin mg , wong jc , wilson m . solar ultraviolet exposures at ground level in tree shade during summer in south east queensland .", "int j environ health res 2001 ; 11 ( 2 ) : 117 - 27 . shade alone can rarely provide full uv protection , especially for prolonged periods .", "however , it is one important element in a comprehensive sun protection program that includes covering exposed skin with clothing ( particularly clothes made of bright - or dark - colored , tightly woven fabrics ) , wearing hats and sunglasses , and regularly using sunscreen with an spf of 15 or higher .", "all these steps taken together will help ensure that we are adequately protected from the sun ’ s rays when we are outdoors .", "gies p , mackay c . measurements of the solar uvr protection provided by shade structures in new zealand primary schools .", "photochem photobiol 2004 ; 80 ( 2 ) : 334 - 9 . parisi av , willey a , kimlin mg , wong jc .", "penetration of solar erythemal uv radiation in the shade of two common australian trees .", "health phys 1999 ; 76 ( 6 ) : 682 - 6 . dr . parsons is a senior principal research fellow at the queensland institute of medical research and adjunct professor in the school of medicine , university of queensland .", "he heads the drug discovery group at qimr .", "dr . green is deputy director of the queensland institute of medical research and professor of epidemiology at the university of queensland , australia .", "her research has focused on the causes and prevention of cancer , especially skin cancers .", "she serves on several international committees including the international commission on non - ionizing radiation protection ( icnirp ) .", "turnbull dj , parisi av .", "spectral uv in public shade settings .", "j photochem photobiol b 2003 ; 69 ( 1 ) : 13 - 9 . moise af , aynsley r . ambient ultraviolet radiation levels in public shade settings .", "int j biometeorol 1999 ; 43 ( 3 ) : 128 - 38 . if you can see sunlight , seek the shade - skincancer .", "org wong jc , airey dk , fleming ra .", "annual reduction of solar uv exposure to the facial area of outdoor workers in southeast queensland by wearing a hat .", "photodermatol photoimmunol photomed 1996 ; 12 ( 3 ) : 131 - 5 . follow these steps to stay safe in the sun .", "turnbull dj , parisi av .", "effective shade structures .", "med j aust 2006 ; 184 ( 1 ) : 13 - 5 . shady trees are always inviting on a hot , sunny day , and those with large spreads of dense foliage best protect us from the sun13 , 14 ( figure 2a ) , while those with sparse foliage are not as protective ( figure 2b ) .", "if you can , choose a tree near other trees , or buildings , to further block out the sky .", "dr . olsen is a post - doctoral research fellow at the cancer control group of the queensland institute of medical research .", "bulliard j - l . site - specific risk of cutaneous malignant melanoma and pattern of sun exposure in new zealand .", "international journal of cancer 2000 ; 85 : 627 - 32 . gies p , javorniczky j , roy c , henderson s . measurements of the uvr protection provided by hats used at school .", "photochem photobiol 2006 ; 82 ( 3 ) : 750 - 4 . parsons pg , neale r , wolski p , green a . the shady side of solar protection .", "med j aust 1998 ; 168 ( 7 ) : 327 - 30 . gies p , elix r , lawry d , et al .", "assessment of the uvr protection provided by different tree species .", "photochem photobiol 2007 ; 83 ( 6 ) : 1465 - 70 . the skin cancer foundation [ ein : 13 - 2948778 ] is a 501 ( c ) ( 3 ) non - profit organization .", "by catherine m . olsen , phd , peter g . parsons , phd , and adele c . green , md , phd richmond - sinclair nm , pandeya n , ware rs , et al .", "incidence of basal cell carcinoma multiplicity and detailed anatomic distribution : longitudinal study of an australian population .", "j invest dermatol 2009 feb ; 129 ( 2 ) : 323 - 8 . epub 2008 jul 31 . diffey bl , cheeseman j . sun protection with hats .", "br j dermatol 1992 ; 127 ( 1 ) : 10 - 2 . diffey bl .", "human exposure to solar ultraviolet radiation .", "j cosmet dermatol 2002 ; 1 ( 3 ) : 124 - 30 . for most people , car safety means seat belts and airbags .", "but there ' s another important way to … our seal is a symbol of safe and effective sun protection that is recognized by consumers worldwide .", "<EOS>" ]

[ [ "reception", "78 in the shade generally gained lukewarm to negative reviews . allmusic gave the album a review of 2 stars out of five ." ] ]

[ "< EOT > melinda ann ellison a / k / a melinda ann burns ; registered professional nurse ; elmira , ny 14905 - 2401 ; lic .", "no .", "648573 ; cal .", "no .", "28782 ; application for consent order granted ; penalty agreed upon : 2 year stayed suspension , 2 years probation , $ 500 fine .", "stephenson john solomon ; professional engineer ; st . albans , ny 11412 ; lic .", "no .", "072828 ; cal .", "no .", "28882 ; application for consent order granted ; penalty agreed upon : 6 month actual suspension , 18 month stayed suspension , 2 years probation , $ 5 , 000 fine .", "it will take place from 5 to 7 p . m . at city hall , 199 queen st . enter the terms you wish to search for .", "enter the terms you wish to search for .", "the board of regents announced disciplinary actions resulting in the summary suspension of 1 license , the revocation of 1 license , surrender of 13 licenses and 1 certificate , and 72 other disciplinary actions .", "the penalty indicated for each case relates solely to the misconduct set forth in that particular case .", "in addition , the board acted upon 3 restoration petitions .", "tiffany ann demayo ; licensed practical nurse ; accord , ny 12404 , kerhonkson , ny 12446 ; lic .", "no .", "319871 ; cal .", "no .", "29156 ; application for summary suspension granted .", "mark douglas smith ; professional engineer ; winchester , va 22602 ; lic .", "no .", "087485 ; cal .", "no .", "29017 ; application to surrender license granted .", "summary : licensee admitted to the charge of allowing an engineering company to offer and / or practice engineering in the state of west virginia without a certificate of authorization .", "milena margaret galvao ; licensed mental health counselor ; albany , ny 12208 ; lic .", "no .", "000647 ; cal .", "no .", "26605 ; found guilty of professional misconduct ; penalty : revocation .", "courtney nicole halbert ; registered professional nurse ; canaseraga , ny 14822 ; lic .", "no .", "658718 ; cal .", "no .", "28959 ; application to surrender license granted .", "summary : licensee admitted to the charge of having failed to perform proper patient assessments and improperly cannulated patients with fistulas .", "patricia m . christmas ; licensed practical nurse ; palmyra , ny 14522 ; lic .", "no .", "283968 ; cal .", "no .", "28967 ; application to surrender license granted .", "summary : licensee did not contest the charge of having been convicted of endangering the welfare of an incompetent / physically disabled person in the 2nd degree .", "autumn cecelia ramey a / k / a autumn cecelia thabet ; licensed practical nurse , registered professional nurse ; binghamton , ny 13904 ; lic .", "nos .", "167937 , 557117 ; cal .", "nos .", "28973 , 28974 ; application to surrender licenses granted .", "summary : licensee admitted to the charge of having committed medication errors .", "heather lynne graham ; licensed practical nurse , registered professional nurse ; endicott , ny 13760 ; lic .", "nos .", "266520 , 540794 ; cal .", "nos .", "28990 , 28991 ; application to surrender licenses granted .", "summary : licensee admitted to the charge of having committed medication errors .", "joseph michael higgins ; licensed practical nurse ; riverhead , ny 11901 ; lic .", "no .", "293262 ; cal .", "no .", "29060 ; application to surrender license granted .", "summary : licensee did not contest the charge of having administered the controlled substance morphine to a patient , when the order was discontinued and the patient had a documented allergy to morphine .", "mary t . adamo ; registered professional nurse ; port charlotte , fl 33954 - 3128 ; lic .", "no .", "269307 ; cal .", "no .", "29073 ; application to surrender license granted .", "summary : licensee did not contest the charge of having been found guilty of professional misconduct in the state of florida , which conduct would be considered practicing the profession of nursing with negligence on more than one occasion if committed in new york state .", "kristine rose alexander ; registered professional nurse ; newtown , ct 06470 ; lic .", "no .", "453105 ; cal .", "no .", "29131 ; application to surrender license granted .", "summary : licensee did not contest the charge of having been found guilty of professional misconduct in the state of connecticut , which conduct would be considered being habitually drunk or being dependent on , or a habitual user of narcotics , barbiturates , amphetamines , hallucinogens , or other drugs having similar effects , if committed in new york state .", "jennifer l . johnson ; registered professional nurse ; philadelphia , ms 39350 - 6931 ; lic .", "no .", "533830 ; cal no .", "29134 ; application to surrender license granted .", "summary : licensee did not contest the charge of having been found guilty of professional misconduct in the state of mississippi , which conduct would be considered conduct in the profession which evidences moral unfitness , if committed in new york state .", "nyc podiatry pc ; 67 - 15 102nd street – apt .", "6j , forest hills , ny 11375 - 2408 ; cal .", "no .", "29062 ; application to surrender certificate granted .", "summary : licensee admitted to the charge of having been convicted of enterprise corruption , a class b felony .", "benny ogorek ; forest hills , ny 11375 - 2408 ; lic .", "no .", "003782 ; cal .", "no .", "29063 ; application to surrender license granted .", "summary : licensee admitted to the charge of having been convicted of attempted enterprise corruption , a class c felony , and health care fraud in the 3rd degree , a class d felony .", "lawrence j . herzing ; certified public accountant ; joint base mdl , nj 08640 ; lic .", "no .", "079574 ; cal .", "no .", "29126 ; application to surrender license granted .", "summary : licensee admitted to charges of having been convicted of fraud by wire , radio or television , a felony and assault in the 2nd degree , a felony .", "kevin vincent mccray ; dix hills , ny 11746 ; lic .", "no .", "024548 ; cal .", "no .", "28323 ; application for consent order granted ; penalty agreed upon : 3 month actual suspension , 21 month stayed suspension , 24 months probation .", "thomas william hamilton ; richmond , va 23228 ; lic .", "no .", "026627 ; cal .", "no .", "29035 ; application for consent order granted ; penalty agreed upon : 1 year stayed suspension , 1 year probation to commence upon return to practice in the state of new york , $ 2 , 500 fine payable within 90 days .", "gabrielle francis ; new york , ny 10013 ; lic .", "no .", "009464 ; cal .", "no .", "28737 ; application for consent order granted ; penalty agreed upon : 1 year stayed suspension , 1 year probation , $ 2 , 500 fine .", "jeremy e . rivenburg ; clinical laboratory technologist ; albany , ny 12202 ; lic .", "no .", "008175 ; cal .", "no .", "28303 ; application for consent order granted ; penalty agreed upon : 2 year stayed suspension , 2 years probation , $ 500 fine .", "joseph leonard clark ; clinical laboratory technologist ; rochester , ny 14607 - 3420 ; lic .", "no .", "005046 ; cal .", "no .", "28764 ; application for consent order granted ; penalty agreed upon : 2 year stayed suspension , 2 years probation , $ 500 fine .", "yong heng liang ; professional engineer ; elmont , ny 11003 ; lic .", "no .", "083740 ; cal .", "no .", "27248 ; application for consent order granted ; penalty agreed upon : 2 year stayed suspension , 2 years probation , $ 2 , 500 fine .", "william david barna ; professional engineer ; charleston , sc 29412 - 9431 ; lic .", "no .", "087416 ; cal .", "no .", "28847 ; application for consent order granted ; penalty agreed upon : 2 year stayed suspension , 2 years probation to commence upon return to practice in the state of new york , $ 2 , 000 fine payable within 30 days .", "nicholas bournazos ; land surveyor ; new rochelle , ny 10801 ; lic .", "no .", "050530 ; cal .", "no .", "28874 ; application for consent order granted ; penalty agreed upon : 6 month actual suspension , 18 month stayed suspension , 24 months probation , $ 1 , 000 fine .", "peter joseph tardy ; professional engineer ; middletown , nj 07748 ; lic .", "no .", "079612 ; cal .", "no .", "28963 ; application for consent order granted ; penalty agreed upon : 2 year stayed suspension , 2 years probation , $ 5 , 000 fine .", "douglas raymond alvine ; professional engineer ; omaha , ne 68102 - 1814 ; lic .", "no .", "091148 ; cal .", "no .", "29038 ; application for consent order granted ; penalty agreed upon : 2 year stayed suspension , 2 years probation to commence upon return to practice in the state of new york , $ 2 , 500 fine payable within 60 days .", "sheng lie li ; flushing , ny 11354 ; lic .", "no .", "022002 ; cal .", "no .", "28546 ; application for consent order granted ; penalty agreed upon : 6 month actual suspension , 18 month stayed suspension , 24 months probation , $ 5 , 000 fine .", "laura kate lynch ; registered professional nurse ; barnegat , nj 08005 ; lic .", "no .", "619030 ; cal .", "no .", "25493 ; application for consent order granted ; penalty agreed upon : indefinite actual suspension until successfully participate in course of therapy and treatment and until fit to practice , upon termination of suspension , 2 years probation to commence if and when return to practice in the state of new york .", "jami r . crawford a / k / a jami j . crawford ; licensed practical nurse ; syracuse , ny 13206 ; lic .", "no .", "296664 ; cal .", "no .", "28029 ; found guilty of professional misconduct ; penalty : $ 500 fine , indefinite suspension until alcohol and substance abuse - free and until fit to practice , probation 2 years to commence subsequent to termination of suspension and upon actual return to practice .", "shawn m . clark ; licensed practical nurse ; hudson falls , ny 12839 - 4407 ; lic .", "no .", "300212 ; cal .", "no .", "28084 ; application for consent order granted ; penalty agreed upon : indefinite actual suspension for no less than 1 year and until physically fit to practice , upon termination of suspension , 2 years probation to commence upon return to practice .", "james williams ; registered professional nurse ; hollis , ny 11423 ; lic .", "no .", "478330 ; cal .", "no .", "28239 ; application for consent order granted ; penalty agreed upon : 1 month actual suspension , 23 month stayed suspension , 24 months probation .", "kizzy blue ; licensed practical nurse ; kingston , ny 12401 ; lic .", "no .", "271164 ; cal .", "no .", "28240 ; found guilty of professional misconduct ; penalty : 2 year suspension , execution of suspension stayed , probation 2 years concurrent with stayed suspension .", "nicola mae cottone ; licensed practical nurse ; delanson , ny 12053 , schenectady , ny 12307 ; lic .", "no .", "268705 ; cal .", "no .", "28262 ; found guilty of professional misconduct ; penalty : 6 month suspension , probation 2 years to commence subsequent to termination ( service ) of suspension and upon actual return to practice .", "jennifer m . nemec ; licensed practical nurse ; warrensburg , ny 12885 ; lic .", "no .", "264598 ; cal .", "no .", "28575 ; application for consent order granted ; penalty agreed upon : 1 year stayed suspension , 1 year probation , $ 250 fine .", "ashley anne ballou ; licensed practical nurse ; oswego , ny 13126 ; lic .", "no .", "298319 ; cal .", "no .", "28587 ; application for consent order granted ; penalty agreed upon : indefinite actual suspension until fit to practice , upon termination of suspension , 2 years probation to commence upon return to practice , $ 500 fine payable within 3 months .", "blythe regina holynski ; registered professional nurse ; marcellus , ny 13108 ; lic .", "no .", "529038 ; cal .", "no .", "28685 ; application for consent order granted ; penalty agreed upon : 2 year stayed suspension , 2 years probation , $ 500 fine .", "donald dwayne lyke ; registered professional nurse ; rochester , ny 14624 ; lic .", "no .", "619424 ; cal .", "no .", "28686 ; application for consent order granted ; penalty agreed upon : 1 month actual suspension , 23 month stayed suspension , 2 years probation , $ 500 fine .", "kaitlyn e . delong ; registered professional nurse ; schenectady , ny 12302 - 1902 ; lic .", "no .", "672904 ; cal .", "no .", "28698 ; application for consent order granted ; penalty agreed upon : 1 month actual suspension , 23 month stayed suspension , 2 years probation , $ 500 fine .", "holly lou cary ; licensed practical nurse ; farmersville , tx 75442 ; lic .", "no .", "252635 ; cal .", "no .", "28703 ; application for consent order granted ; penalty agreed upon : indefinite actual suspension until fit to practice , upon termination of suspension , 2 years probation to commence upon return to practice in the state of new york , $ 500 fine payable within 3 months .", "laurel gontz ; licensed practical nurse ; glens falls , ny 12801 ; lic .", "no .", "231231 ; cal .", "no .", "28710 ; application for consent order granted ; penalty agreed upon : indefinite actual suspension for no less than 6 months and until fit to practice , upon termination of suspension , 2 years probation to commence upon return to practice , $ 500 fine payable within 9 months .", "rosemary delores anderson ; licensed practical nurse , registered professional nurse ; buffalo , ny 14211 ; lic .", "nos .", "223953 , 545476 ; cal .", "nos .", "28721 , 28722 ; application for consent order granted ; penalty agreed upon : 2 year stayed suspension , 2 years probation , $ 500 fine .", "zoraida santana ; licensed practical nurse ; rochester , ny 14606 - 4013 ; lic .", "no .", "309892 ; cal .", "no .", "28724 ; application for consent order granted ; penalty agreed upon : 3 month actual suspension , 21 month stayed suspension , 2 years probation .", "tajuanda lene williams ; licensed practical nurse ; new york , ny 10035 ; lic .", "no .", "309428 ; cal .", "no .", "28725 ; application for consent order granted ; penalty agreed upon : indefinite actual suspension for a minimum of 2 months and until successfully participate in course of therapy and treatment and until fit to practice , upon termination of suspension , 2 years probation .", "lynne m . bunce ; licensed practical nurse ; oswego , ny 13126 ; lic .", "no .", "239077 ; cal .", "no .", "28734 ; application for consent order granted ; penalty agreed upon : indefinite actual suspension until fit to practice , upon termination of suspension , 2 years probation to commence upon return to practice , $ 500 fine payable within 6 months .", "karen constance field a / k / a karen c . field ; licensed practical nurse , registered professional nurse , nurse practitioner ( psychiatry ) ; east quogue , ny 11942 ; lic .", "nos .", "158557 , 359035 , cert .", "no .", "401135 ; cal .", "nos .", "28750 , 28751 , 28752 ; application for consent order granted ; penalty agreed upon : 2 month actual suspension , 22 month stayed suspension , 24 months probation .", "sally ann colletti a / k / a / sally a . chapman ; registered professional nurse ; canandaigua , ny 14424 ; lic .", "no .", "500261 ; cal .", "no .", "28765 ; application for consent order granted ; penalty agreed upon : indefinite actual suspension for no less than 2 months and until fit to practice , upon termination of suspension , 2 years probation to commence upon return to practice , $ 500 fine payable within 3 months .", "alecia edwards ; registered professional nurse ; walden , ny 12586 ; lic .", "no .", "633819 ; cal .", "no .", "28776 ; application for consent order granted ; penalty agreed upon : 2 year stayed suspension , 2 years probation , $ 500 fine .", "erica anne irwin ; registered professional nurse ; rochester , ny 14626 ; lic .", "no .", "653444 ; cal .", "no .", "28778 ; application for consent order granted ; penalty agreed upon : 1 year stayed suspension , 1 year probation .", "sonya shaw ; licensed practical nurse , registered professional nurse ; buffalo , ny 14222 - 2019 ; lic .", "nos .", "289912 , 599651 ; cal .", "nos .", "28780 , 28781 ; application for consent order granted ; penalty agreed upon : 1 year stayed suspension , 1 year probation , $ 500 fine .", "marie jessie parfait ; licensed practical nurse ; bayside , ny 11364 ; lic .", "no .", "216315 ; cal .", "no .", "28809 ; application for consent order granted ; penalty agreed upon : 1 month actual suspension , 23 month stayed suspension , 24 months probation , $ 500 fine .", "wendi lynn burke ; registered professional nurse ; rome , ny 13440 - 3418 ; lic .", "no .", "635521 ; cal .", "no .", "28821 ; application for consent order granted ; penalty agreed upon : indefinite actual suspension until fit to practice , upon termination of suspension , 2 years probation to commence upon return to practice , $ 500 fine payable within 6 months .", "melissa christine phillips ; licensed practical nurse ; buffalo , ny 14224 ; lic .", "no .", "318217 ; cal .", "no .", "28832 ; application for consent order granted ; penalty agreed upon : 2 year stayed suspension , 2 years probation , $ 500 fine .", "rachael lynn cornell ; licensed practical nurse ; cairo , ny 12413 ; lic .", "no .", "318789 ; cal .", "no .", "28838 ; application for consent order granted ; penalty agreed upon : indefinite actual suspension until fit to practice , upon termination of suspension , 2 years probation to commence upon return to practice , $ 500 fine payable within 3 months .", "lisa suzanne gangell a / k / a lisa suzanne hantz ; licensed practical nurse ; poughkeepsie , ny 12601 ; lic .", "no .", "224840 ; cal .", "no .", "28839 ; application for consent order granted ; penalty agreed upon : indefinite actual suspension until fit to practice , upon termination of suspension , 2 years probation to commence upon return to practice , $ 500 fine payable within 6 months .", "stacey lynn hildebrand a / k / a stacey l . hildebrand a / k / a stacey hildebrand ; registered professional nurse , nurse practitioner ( adult health ) ; stony brook , ny 11790 ; lic .", "no .", "509780 , cert .", "no .", "304059 ; cal .", "nos .", "28843 , 28844 ; application for consent order granted ; penalty agreed upon : 1 month actual suspension , 23 month stayed suspension , 24 months probation .", "janell m . magee a / k / a janell mcgee ; licensed practical nurse ; rochester , ny 14608 ; lic .", "no .", "299872 ; cal .", "no .", "28846 ; application for consent order granted ; penalty agreed upon : 1 year stayed suspension , 1 year probation , $ 500 fine .", "tracey delicia king ; licensed practical nurse ; medford , ny 11763 ; lic .", "no .", "301073 ; cal .", "no .", "28873 ; application for consent order granted ; penalty agreed upon : 3 month actual suspension , 21 month stayed suspension , 2 years probation , $ 1 , 500 fine .", "sisteria louedda turner ; licensed practical nurse ; rochester , ny 14619 ; lic .", "no .", "312471 ; cal .", "no .", "28889 ; application for consent order granted ; penalty agreed upon : 12 month actual suspension , 12 month stayed suspension , 2 years probation to commence upon return to practice , $ 500 fine payable within 3 months .", "jeffrey t . irwin a / k / a jeffrey thomas irwin ; licensed practical nurse , registered professional nurse ; latrobe , pa 15650 ; lic .", "nos .", "191616 , 404510 ; cal .", "nos .", "28895 , 28896 ; application for consent order granted ; penalty agreed upon : 1 month actual suspension , 23 month stayed suspension , 24 months probation , $ 1 , 000 fine .", "margaret s . tomko ; licensed practical nurse ; cohoes , ny 12047 ; lic .", "no .", "277776 ; cal .", "no .", "28918 ; application for consent order granted ; penalty agreed upon : 1 year stayed suspension , 1 year probation , $ 500 fine .", "sherry halas a / k / a sherry devlin ; licensed practical nurse , registered professional nurse ; hamburg , ny 14075 ; lic .", "nos .", "265576 , 552826 ; cal .", "nos .", "28923 , 28924 ; application for consent order granted ; penalty agreed upon : indefinite actual suspension for no less than 3 months and until fit to practice , upon termination of suspension , 2 years probation to commence upon return to practice , $ 500 fine payable with 6 months , order to supersede order nos .", "27980 and 27981 . michelle renee michitsch a / k / a michelle r . michitsch ; licensed practical nurse , registered professional nurse , nurse practitioner ( pediatrics ) ; levittown , ny 11756 ; lic .", "nos .", "229050 , 453315 , cert .", "no .", "381247 ; cal .", "nos .", "28943 , 28944 , 28945 ; application for consent order granted ; penalty agreed upon : 1 month actual suspension , 23 month stayed suspension , 24 months probation , $ 2 , 500 fine .", "nicole leigh vanderhoff ; licensed practical nurse , registered professional nurse ; lic .", "nos .", "279248 , 575318 ; cal .", "nos .", "28950 , 28951 ; application for consent order granted ; penalty agreed upon : 2 year stayed suspension , 2 years probation , $ 500 fine .", "praphaporn yamebane ; registered professional nurse ; san antonio , tx 78240 ; lic .", "no .", "615654 ; cal .", "no .", "29036 ; application for consent order granted ; penalty agreed upon : 1 year stayed suspension , 1 year probation to commence upon return to practice in the state of new york , $ 500 fine payable within 30 days .", "tammy l . williams ; registered professional nurse ; brooklyn , ny 11231 ; lic .", "no .", "614111 ; cal .", "no .", "29037 ; application for consent order granted ; penalty agreed upon : 2 month actual suspension , 22 month stayed suspension , 24 months probation to commence upon return to practice , $ 1 , 500 fine payable within 60 days .", "gayle a . schoenbaum ; occupational therapist ; dobbs ferry , ny 10522 ; lic .", "no .", "002233 ; cal .", "no .", "28747 ; application for consent order granted ; penalty agreed upon : 1 month actual suspension , 23 month stayed suspension , 24 months probation .", "castle hill drugs , inc . ; pharmacy ; 674 castle hill avenue , bronx , ny 10463 ; reg .", "no .", "028860 ; cal .", "no .", "28570 ; application for consent order granted ; penalty agreed upon : 12 month stayed suspension , 24 months probation , $ 7 , 500 fine .", "philip t . franzese ; physical therapist ; port chester , ny 10573 ; lic .", "no .", "026316 ; cal .", "no .", "28396 ; application for consent order granted ; penalty agreed upon : 6 month actual suspension , 18 month stayed suspension , 2 years probation .", "lisa anne ferrara - ciardi ; physical therapist ; montclair , nj 07043 ; lic .", "no .", "009903 ; cal .", "no .", "29066 ; application for consent order granted ; penalty agreed upon : 2 month actual suspension , 22 month stayed suspension , 24 months probation to commence upon return to practice in the state of new york , $ 1 , 500 fine payable within 6 months .", "yelena voronova ; brooklyn , ny 11235 ; lic .", "no .", "005994 ; cal .", "no .", "27455 ; application for consent order granted ; penalty agreed upon : censure and reprimand , 1 year probation , $ 2 , 500 fine .", "rony lubin ; respiratory therapist ; spring valley , ny 10977 ; lic .", "no .", "008319 ; cal .", "no .", "28812 ; application for consent order granted ; penalty agreed upon : 2 year stayed suspension , 2 years probation , $ 500 fine .", "lucy ann twichell ; respiratory therapist ; fayetteville , ny 13066 ; lic .", "no .", "002507 ; cal .", "no .", "28826 ; application for consent order granted ; penalty agreed upon : 1 month actual suspension , 23 month stayed suspension , 2 years probation , $ 500 fine .", "ecgal guzman ; licensed clinical social worker ; new york , ny 10033 ; lic .", "no .", "054058 ; cal .", "no .", "28854 ; application for consent order granted ; penalty agreed upon : indefinite actual suspension of not less than 6 months and until fit to practice , upon termination of suspension , 2 years probation to commence if and when return to practice , $ 1 , 000 fine payable within 30 days .", "darius tate perry , jr . ; veterinarian ; sayville , ny 11782 - 2420 ; lic .", "no .", "010160 ; cal .", "no .", "28719 ; application for consent order granted ; penalty agreed upon : 1 month actual suspension , 23 month stayed suspension , 24 months probation , $ 5 , 000 fine .", "andrea jane dattellas ; veterinarian ; brewerton , ny 13029 ; lic .", "no .", "012194 ; cal .", "no .", "28805 ; application for consent order granted ; penalty agreed upon : 1 year stayed suspension , 1 year probation , $ 500 fine .", "david richard sachs ; veterinarian ; parkland , fl 33076 ; lic .", "no .", "006683 ; cal .", "no .", "29044 ; application for consent order granted ; penalty agreed upon : 1 year stayed suspension , 1 year probation to commence upon return to practice in the state of new york , $ 1 , 000 fine payable within 30 days .", "the board of regents voted on september 13 , 2016 to deny the application for restoration of the dentist license of mumlikat aziz , linden , nj .", "dr . aziz ’ s license was originally revoked effective july 23 , 2003 . the board of regents voted on september 13 , 2016 to deny the application for restoration of the dentist license of ajay baman , blauvelt , ny .", "dr . baman ’ s license was originally revoked september 15 , 2009 . the board of regents voted on september 13 , 2016 to deny the application for restoration of the certified public accountant license of howard j . weinstein , long beach , ny .", "dr . weinstein ’ s license was originally surrendered february 14 , 2006 . state education department submits every student succeeds act plan to u . s . department of education statement from chancellor betty a . rosa at the opening of the board of regents meeting on the anniversary of 9 / 11 want the latest updates ?", "sign up to receive our newsletter , news and notes .", "charlottetown mayor hosts newcomers welcome reception on sept . 27 charlottetown mayor hosts newcomers welcome reception on sept . 27 charlottetown , p . e . i .", "– mayor clifford lee will open the doors of charlottetown city hall later this month to welcome newcomers to the city .", "the city of charlottetown is hosting the newcomers welcome reception for the second year in a row to extend a welcome to newcomers who have chosen to live and work in charlottetown .", "the reception will provide an opportunity to visit city hall and meet the mayor and council members in a comfortable , informal setting .", "“ we had such a positive response from the newcomers welcome reception held last year , ” said lee .", "“ this reception provides a platform for newcomers to engage with city hall , ask questions and gather information about programs and initiatives .", "we invite those who have lived in charlottetown for a month or several years to join us .", "” attendees will have the opportunity to tour city hall , while information will also be provided on the orientation sessions scheduled to begin in the coming months .", "for more information , contact : 902 - 566 - 5548 . your comment has been submitted .", "it will be moderated prior to its display .", "do not miss your latest complete newspaper edition .", "<EOS>" ]

[ [ "reception", "in a review for allmusic , cub koda wrote that the album was \" a whole lot more than just yer average fretboard wanking jam - fest \" . koda gave the album a 4 . 5 / 5 rating . the album peaked at 121 in the billboard 200 chart . the entire album was nominated for best rock instrumental performance at the 1992 grammy awards , losing to eric johnson ' s \" cliffs of dover \" ." ], [ "background", "when gatton signed to elektra , their only stipulation for his first album on the label was that it should be solely instrumental . on presenting his ideas for the album to the label , they suggested he cut his version of the simpsons theme tune . the manualist flatulence at the end of the recording may have been gatton ' s response to the label ' s suggestion . the album ' s title , 88 elmira st . , is a reference to gatton ' s home as a child . gatton stated that at the time of producing the album , he \" was playing scotty moore ' s original guitar [ . . . ] it ' s a gibson es - 295 , and i bought it trashed out twelve years ago . it sounded incredibly good ; it had some magic in it , but i didn ' t know it was scotty ' s . then billy hancock kept offering me all kinds of money for it , way more than it should have been worth , so i said , ' what ' s the deal ? ' he said , ' i think you ' ve got scotty moore ' s guitar there . ' \" similarities to moore , al casey and james burton can be heard on the album ." ], [ "recording", "the album was produced by gatton , billy windsor and ian kimmet , mixed by george cowan and mastered by bob ludwig at masterdisk . the album was recorded at bearsville studios , new york and big mo studio , maryland ." ] ]

[ "< EOT > posted in analysis , beyond the valley , indie , indie music , music , music news , music resource , music scene , news , opinion , reviewstagged # gounderground , album review , alternative , alternative rock , d . s . bradford , elemental evolution , elemental evolution ep , ep review , indie rock , lehigh valley underground , music review , philadelphia , prog , prog rock , progressive , progressive rock , psychedelic , rock , support indie , support local musicleave a comment philadelphia - based artist d . s . bradford joins us on today ’ s show to talk about , among other things , his upcoming album , “ elemental evolution .", "” plus , we feature music from several winners of our recent reverbnation campaign !", "if you ’ re in the philadelphia area , catch d . s . bradford ’ s “ elemental evolution ” ep release show this friday , aug . 5 at the dockside bar at dave & buster ’ s . philadelphia singer - songwriter d . s . bradford describes his new “ elemental evolution ” ep as being “ about evolving into a form of ourselves that is conscious of peace and embraces love .", "” for fans of straightforward alt - rock , you need look no further than “ oceans , ” a fun , up - tempo tune , and the crisp , highly accessible title track , “ elemental evolution .", "” both songs contain great hooks and are radio - ready .", "danielle was a master ’ s student co - advised with puni jeyasingh .", "her research tested for intraspecific variation in elemental composition in poecilia mexicana and its effects on ecosystem processes such as nutrient cycling .", "danielle is currently an adjunct faculty member at college of western idaho .", "tony was a biological sciences major at oklahoma state university and worked in our lab as an undergraduate researcher .", "his interests included evolutionary ecology and molecular genetics .", "he contributed to our studies of elemental variation across p . mexicana populations living in different environments .", "while that theme is ever present throughout the effort , there is another “ evolution ” at play – that of d . s . bradford into a versatile musician who seamlessly intermingles alternative rock with the progressive and psychedelic .", "a landmark in manhattan ’ s soho art district since 1993 and currently located in greenwich village , the evolution store is nyc ’ s premiere retail destination for science and natural history collectibles , artifacts , gifts , and home decor .", "our store offers a museum quality atmosphere creating a unique and intimate shopping experience .", "reid was a ph .", "d . student , and his dissertation focused on the ecology and evolution of north american crayfish .", "he is currently a assistant professor at ivy tech community college .", "alexander is a biology major at the university of chicago .", "he was a participant in ksu ’ s research experience for undergraduates program .", "his project focused on understanding the variation in genital morphology within and between populations of poecilia mexicana to test hypotheses of convergent evolution and lock - and - key mechanisms .", "courtney was a biology major at kansas state university and was interested in population genetics , animal behavior , and evolution .", "mattie was a biological sciences major at kansas state university .", "she was primarily interested in genetics and evolution and worked on projects related to the ecological and physiological mechanisms maintaining genetic variation in livebearers .", "cierra was a biological sciences major at oklahoma state university .", "she was interested in ecology and evolution and investigated how genetic and plastic sources of variation shape physiological traits in fish populations from non - sulfidic and sulfidic habitats .", "emily was a zoology major at oklahoma state university and worked in our lab as an undergraduate researcher .", "she was an invaluable help on a variety of projects in the labs and is generally interested in animal behavior , ecology , and evolution of aquatic organisms .", "# gounderground with the indie music scene in eastern pa and beyond .", "posted in indie , indie music , interview , music , music news , music resource , news , qslehighvalley , the quinn spinntagged alternative , bossa nova , d . s . bradford , folk , indie , indie music , indie rock , local , local music , metal , rock , the valley ledger1 comment one thought on “ qslehighvalley : feb . 18 , 2016 ” can ’ t - miss shows of the week : sept . 18 - 24 sorry , your blog cannot share posts by email .", "# gounderground with the indie music scene in eastern pa and beyond .", "release date : aug . 5 , 2016 perhaps the track that best blends all of those styles together is the album closer , “ a call to the stars ii – a home in the sky .", "” the ep ’ s longest track , clocking in at just over seven minutes , is a dreamy epic that moves between ideas that represent themselves as movements .", "“ a call to the stars ii ” temporarily forfeits its dreaminess about halfway through , picking up the pace with some killer guitar work , before returning to its roots and transitioning into a tender piano outro that brings about the conclusion of our galactic transmission .", "sorry , your blog cannot share posts by email .", "the painted lady butterfly - vanessa cardui - underside $ 79 .", "00 citrus butterfly - papilio demodocus - underside $ 89 .", "00 western diamondback rattlesnake $ 139 .", "00 shell coin purse - tiger cowrie $ 5 .", "00 the painted lady butterfly - vanessa cardui - topside $ 79 .", "00 shell coin purse - tiger clam $ 5 .", "00 western blue charaxes butterfly - charaxes smaragdalis $ 79 .", "00 knightia species - fossil fish $ 39 .", "00 italian marble coaster - mammoth skeleton $ 15 .", "00 italian marble coaster - rhinoceros skeleton $ 15 .", "00 mini human spinal column - flexible , on base $ 179 .", "00 classic heart , 2 - part $ 79 .", "00 geometrid moth - dysphania militaris $ 69 .", "00 albertus seba print - vol .", "1 plate 63 $ 19 .", "00 store : returns are accepted within two weeks with receipt .", "no refunds - store credit / exchange only .", "web : returns are accepted within two weeks of receipt .", "in case of damage , free shipping label provided .", "zach was a postdoctoral researcher in our lab .", "he investigated the interplay between ecology , physiology , and sexual selection during the diversification of poeciliid fishes .", "zach is currently a postdoctoral researcher with kim hughes and joe travis at florida state university .", "maura was a ph .", "d . student co - advised with gary voelker .", "she investigated the phylogenetic relationships among species in the subgenus mollienesia and contributed to our understanding of phylogeographic patterns and mechanisms of speciation .", "maura is currently a lecturer at california state university los angeles .", "courtney was a ph .", "d . student in our lab .", "she investigated how life in extreme environments affects energy physiology .", "in addition , she is used rna sequencing to explore variation in gene expression across divergent populations and different organs to identify physiological modifications mediating adaptation .", "courtney is currently a postdoctoral researcher in suzanne mcgaugh ’ s lab at the university of minnesota .", "garrett was a master ’ s student in our lab , and his research focused on the ecology of darter in oklahoma .", "he is currently a ph .", "d . student in keith gido ’ s group at kansas state university .", "tess was a master ’ s studenten in our lab , and her research focused on the interplay between metabolic physiology and behavior in extremophile fishes .", "she is currently a ph .", "d . student in diane wiernasz ’ group at the university of houston .", "kristin was a master ’ s student co - advised with martin plath .", "she was visiting from the university of potsdam and worked on trophic niche differentiation in sympatric asexual and sexual fish species .", "she is currently a postdoctoral researcher at the evolutionary biology centre at uppsala university in sweden .", "shannon was a biology major at the university of wisconsin - platteville and worked on an nsf funded summer reu project .", "she is primarily interested in animal behavior , conservation biology , and ecology .", "zeke gonzalez was a biology and psychology major at the university of maryland .", "he was a participant in ksu ’ s research experience for undergraduates program .", "the goal of his research project was to explore how the thermal tolerances of fish native to the konza prairie vary based on habitat temperature .", "josh was a biological sciences major at oklahoma state university .", "he was interested in animal behavior and genetics .", "shelby was a zoology major at oklahoma state university and worked in our lab as an undergraduate researcher .", "she worked on a project that investigates morphological variation in sunburst darters between the sexes and across populations in different drainages .", "daylon was a secondary education major wanting to teach high school biology and worked in our lab as an undergraduate researcher .", "she was interested in population genetics , cell function , and animal behavior .", "brandon received his bachelor ’ s degree in biology from george mason university .", "he joined the lab through the center of veterinary health sciences summer research training program and studied the effects of hydrogen sulfide on gene expression patterns in sulfidic and non - sulfidic populations of p . mexicana .", "he is now a practicing veterinarian .", "jennifer was studying microbiology and zoology at oklahoma state university and worked in our lab as an undergraduate researcher .", "jennifer studied body shape variation in shiners and is currently taking time off to take care of her two young children .", "sarah is a zoology major at oklahoma state university and worked in our lab as an undergraduate researcher .", "she worked on body shape variation in cichlids and is generally interested in ichthyology , herpetology , and paleozoology .", "drew was a biology major at oklahoma state university and worked in our lab as an undergraduate researcher .", "he primarily worked on our fish and crayfish projects in northeastern oklahoma .", "he now works for medtronics .", "isabelle was a visiting intern in our lab in summer 2011 and is currently a student at the university of landau ( germany ) .", "her internship in our lab was made possible by a rise scholarship of the german exchange service .", "isabelle was involved in various projects , including a study of geographic variation in fishes of the genus heterandria .", "<EOS>" ]

[ [ "reception", "elemental evolution was released to mostly positive reviews . face the noise debuted an exclusive stream on their website on august 4 , 2016 . in a review in advance of the release date , gerard longo of lehigh valley underground gave praise to bradford ' s musicality and diverse use of his songwriting and composition knowledge , stating bradford is , “ \" a versatile musician who seamlessly intermingles alternative rock with the progressive and psychedelic . \" ” shelagh dolan of indie band guru furthered the consensus of bradford ' s versatility , labeling it a \" daring debut \" and comparing the guitar work on the track \" oceans \" to coheed and cambria and blink 182 . she also stated that \" the seasons \" , a predominantly instrumental track , with its “ \" oscillating piano melody [ … ] evokes the imagery of changing autumn leaves . the song ’ s nature - inspired elements are abandoned , however , when a voiceover of donald trump says , “ the american dream is dead , ” igniting an epic guitar solo and the futuristic feel of a muse song . \" ” dolan concludes in her review that , although this was no conventional debut , \" bradford sticks the landing with confidence . \" mari richardson of music junkie press , in addition to publishing a track - by - track breakdown of the release , focused on the positivity of the story behind elemental evolution and the need for the kind of sentiment that bradford communicates throughout the songs . “ \" it is time for us to focus on music that brings out the best in each one of us and shines a light of hope on what can sometimes seem like a dark world . \" ” rachel freitas of music existence ranked the ep 4 . 5 / 5 - stars , highlighting the \" genius of bradford \" can be found in such tracks as \" the rise \" , a short piano interlude . she later summed up the review , focusing in detail on \" a call to the stars ii : a home in the sky \" “ \" the ep ends with “ a call to the stars ii : a home in the sky which is a seven minute ( plus ) song that really brings the whole record together . it simply drifts along with amazing harmonies and a trippy 60s or 70s vocals that let bradford come through as a superior singer and songwriter . the structure of this particular track is a wonder to deconstruct , easily sliding in and out of soft and hard rock . at times it explodes like a star shooting across the sky , bradford breaking out of his comfort zone to show the music world that composing a lengthy majestic piece of art is something he has been building toward the entire ep and it works on every level . ” \" freitas also stated that some songs didn ' t work as well as others , but overall the effort was an enjoyable listen . before the release of the ep , the title track was regarded as a highly accessible and radio - friendly track . jonathan frahm of popmatters stated , “ \" in a sense , bradford represents the raw essentials of rock that have been lost somewhere in its deepest cockles , amongst the heavy mist of pop - produced anthems that pervade the market in its current state , but with a thinker ’ s cap atop his head all the same . elemental evolution is said to be a concept album , one that bradford has stated as “ all of us ” . \" ”" ] ]

[ "< EOT > mutations is vijay iyer ’ s first album as a leader for ecm , and a recording that will widen perceptions of the pianist - composer ’ s work .", "at its centre is “ mutations i - x ” , a composition scored for string quartet , piano , and electronics .", "a major piece built out of cells and fragments , it veers through many atmospheres , from moment to moment propulsive , enveloping , lyrical , luminescent , and strangely beautiful .", "through thematic interactivity , the interweaving of acoustic and electronic sound - textures , and some decisive improvisational interventions in notated music , vijay iyer has created a multi - faceted suite whose very subject is change .", "iyer gives a positive value to the concept of ‘ mutation ’ in this music , and variously appears in it as an interpreter of notated elements , as an improviser , and as “ a sort of laptop artist , mixing in noise and different sounds , ” encouraging the transformative processes : the suite is framed by three solo statements : \" spellbound and sacrosanct , cowrie shells and the shimmering sea ” , a solo piano reading of one of iyer ’ s early compositions , and “ vuln , part 2 \" and \" when we ' re gone \" , pieces created in summer 2013 . the newer compositions put the piano in counterpoint with electronically generated rhythms and textures which extend the aura of the suite , making the arc of the whole album a journey over changing terrain .", "mutations is grammy - nominated pianist vijay iyer ' s first album as a leader for ecm , and it ' s fittingly special .", "it ' s a setting for his piano and a string quartet driven by both his mathematical fascination with patterns , the freespiritedness that lets piano - improv pull the strings where it will , and his experience of chamber - ensembles as a former violinist .", "built around the 10 - piece composition of the album ' s name , and bookended by solo - piano reflections , mutations will engage classical and jazz listeners alike .", "iyer opens it with spellbound and sacrosanct , which sounds like an edgy kind of jazz - piano ballad , and the electronic hum of vuln part 2 . but then the mutations sequence begins : with circling figures from which longer cello notes depart ; rising unbroken chords from which strings - voices struggle to escape ; seesawing ensemble figures prodded by spontaneous piano lines ; throbbing themes with handclappy accents ; sawing , onrushing all - in sections and a conclusion in rich piano chords and fragile treble melodies .", "it ' s thoughtful , typically original , and unexpectedly very exciting .", "composer - pianist - scholar vijay iyer was named downbeat magazine ' s 2015 artist of the year and 2014 pianist of the year , a 2013 macarthur fellow , a 2012 doris duke performing artist , and a 2011 grammy nominee .", "the new york times observes , “ there ’ s probably no frame wide enough to encompass the creative output of the pianist vijay iyer .", "” iyer has released twenty albums covering diverse terrain , most recently for the ecm label .", "the latest include a cosmic rhythm with each stroke ( 2016 ) , a series of duets with aacm trumpeter - composer and experimental music legend wadada leo smith ; break stuff ​ ( 2015 ) , named one of the albums of the year in time , the boston globe , the new york times , and npr , featuring the vijay iyer trio ​ , hailed by popmatters as “ the best band in jazz ” ; mutations ​ ( 2014 ) , featuring iyer ’ s music for piano , string quartet and electronics , which “ extends and deepens his range . . . showing a delicate , shimmering , translucent side of his playing ” ( chicago tribune ) ; and radhe radhe : rites of holi ​ ( 2014 ) , “ his most challenging and impressive work , the scintillating score to a compelling film by prashant bhargava ” ( downbeat ) , performed by international contemporary ensemble and released on dvd and bluray .", "mutations is vijay iyer ’ s first album as a leader for the ecm label , and a recording that will widen perceptions of the pianist - composer ’ s work .", "at its center is “ mutations i - x ” , a composition scored for piano , electronics , and a string quartet , featuring miranda cuckson and michi wiancko ( violin ) , kyle armbrust ( viola ) , and kivie cahn - lipman ( cello ) .", "a major piece built out of cells and fragments , [ . . . ] vijay iyer trio ’ s latest album break stuff , hailed by the new york times as the trio ’ s “ best record , ” is vijay ' s third release on the legendary ecm label .", "the trio has been touring around the united states throughout the spring , and will be playing shows in europe in may and again in july .", "the album features [ . . . ] mutations , vijay ' s first release for the storied ecm imprint , is available now worldwide .", "in the wake of the release , vijay was the subject of an in - depth profile in sunday ' s edition of the new york times , as well as the times ' popcast .", "the album has also been praised by the wall street journal ( \" his most sophisticated blends to date of [ . . . ] grammy - nominated composer - pianist vijay iyer ' s career has spanned the sciences , the humanities and the arts .", "he has published in journal of consciousness studies , wire , music perception , jazztimes , journal of the society for american music , critical studies in improvisation , in the anthologies arcana iv , sound unbound , uptown conversation , the best writing on mathematics : 2010 , and the oxford handbook of critical improvisation studies .", "iyer has taught at manhattan school of music , new york university , and the new school , and he is the director of the banff centre ’ s international workshop in jazz and creative music , an annual 3 - week program in alberta , canada founded by oscar peterson .", "he is the 2015 - 16 artist - in - residence at the metropolitan museum of art , and musical director for the 2017 ojai festival .", "recent honors include a 2013 macarthur fellowship and the 2015 downbeat critics ' poll award for jazz artist of the year .", "iyer was appointed the franklin d . and florence rosenblatt professor of the arts in january 2014 . spontaneous lines … vijay iyer .", "photograph : bart babinski available on : break stuff is what happens after formal elements have been addressed .", "vijay iyer calls the break “ a span of time in which to act .", "it ’ s the basis for breakdowns , breakbeats , and break dancing . . . it can be the moment when everything comes to life .", "” a number of the pieces here are breakdowns of other [ . . . ] example : yes , i would like to receive emails from vijay iyer .", "( you can unsubscribe anytime ) vijay iyer : piano , electronics ( 2 - 13 ) ; miranda cuckson : violin ( 2 - 12 ) ; michi wiancko : violin ( 2 - 12 ) ; kyle armbrust : viola ( 2 - 12 ) ; kivie cahn - lipman : violoncello ( 2 - 12 ) .", "vijay iyer trio : . . . vijay iyer : piano , elettronica ; miranda cuckson : violino ; michi wiancko : violino ; kyle armbrust : viola ; kivie cahn - lipman : violoncello .", "vijay iyer trio : . . . we are pleased to announce that vijay has signed an exclusive worldwide concert music publishing agreement with schott music , one of the leading music and media publishers in the world .", "at schott music , vijay joins a roster including igor stravinsky , paul hindemith , györgy ligeti , krzysztof penderecki , and many other visionary composers of the past and present .", "norman ryan , [ . . . ] his latest release , the grammy award - nominated “ new throned king ” ( 5passion , 2014 ) , features music based on arará cantos and rhythms and has been called the “ musical culmination of his spiritual exploration ” ( all about jazz ) .", "his previous album , “ today ’ s opinion ” ( criss cross , 2012 ) , was selected as one of the top 10 albums of the year by the new york times ’ nate chinen .", "in 2015 , terry was named a recipient of the prestigious doris duke artist award .", "develop a column , write album reviews , cover live shows , or conduct interviews .", "develop a column , write album reviews , cover live shows , or conduct interviews .", "iyer ’ s many collaborators include musical innovators steve coleman , wadada leo smith , roscoe mitchell , butch morris , george lewis , reggie workman , oliver lake , amina claudine myers , graham haynes , rudresh mahanthappa , rez abbasi , craig taborn , tyshawn sorey , ambrose akinmusire , liberty ellman , steve lehman , matana roberts , miya masaoka , pamela z , mari kimura , dead prez , dj spooky , himanshu suri of das racist , hprizm of antipop consortium , karsh kale , and talvin singh ; filmmakers haile gerima , prashant bhargava , and bill morrison ; choreographer karole armitage ; poets mike ladd , amiri baraka , and robert pinsky ; and novelist teju cole .", "his compositions have been commissioned and performed by bang on a can all - stars , the silk road ensemble , ethel , brentano string quartet , american composers orchestra , hermès ensemble , international contemporary ensemble , imani winds , matt haimovitz , and jennifer koh .", "in 1998 , iyer received an interdisciplinary ph .", "d . from the university of california , berkeley , where his dissertation focused on embodied music cognition .", "he has published articles in journal of consciousness studies , wire , music perception , jazztimes , journal of the society for american music , critical studies in improvisation , harvard design magazine , the anthologies arcana iv , sound unbound , uptown conversation , the best writing on mathematics : 2010 , and the oxford handbook of critical improvisation studies .", "in 2014 he was named the franklin d . and florence rosenblatt professor of the arts at harvard university .", "he is the director of the international workshop in jazz and creative music at the banff centre , the 2015 - 16 artist - in - residence at the metropolitan museum of art , and musical director for the 2017 ojai festival .", "so far team vijay has created 48 blog entries .", "thursday 6 march 2014 14 .", "30 est first published on thursday 6 march 2014 14 .", "30 est before you post , we ’ d like to thank you for joining the debate - we ’ re glad you ’ ve chosen to participate and we value your opinions and experiences .", "please choose your username under which you would like all your comments to show up .", "you can only set your username once .", "username : must be 6 - 20 characters , letters and / or numbers only , no spaces .", "please keep your posts respectful and abide by the community guidelines - and if you spot a comment you think doesn ’ t adhere to the guidelines , please use the ‘ report ’ link next to it to let us know .", "please preview your comment below and click ‘ post ’ when you ’ re happy with it .", "please keep comments respectful and abide by the community guidelines .", "© 2017 guardian news and media limited or its affiliated companies .", "all rights reserved .", "this author has not yet filled in any details .", "by submitting this form , you are granting : multiplicity musics , llc , c / o music & art management , asheville , nc , 28801 , permission to email you .", "you may unsubscribe via the link found at the bottom of every email .", "( see our email privacy policy ( http : / / constantcontact .", "com / legal / privacy - statement ) for details . )", "emails are serviced by constant contact .", "music and art management , inc . the music department is made up of 25 permanent faculty whose expertise ranges from sound studies to chant , schubert to schenker , the musics of south asia and ethiopia to contemporary improvisation , global pop , musical theater , and jazz .", "forty to sixty undergraduate concentrators and 70 graduate students with equally wide - ranging interests comprise our student population .", "visiting scholars and fellows , student musicians , and artists - in - residence round out the department ' s academic and performing community .", "carolyn abbate works on opera , music philosophy , and sound studies .", "her writings have been translated into several languages , and she herself is a translator ( most recently , of vladimir jankélévitch ’ s la musique et l ’ ineffable ) .", "her current research centers on mischievous sound technologies and acoustic artifacts from the nineteenth and early twentieth centuries , and their place in histories of hearing and mishearing .", "abbate received a b . a . from yale and a phd from princeton ; she has taught at princeton and the university of pennsylvania and ( as visiting faculty ) at the freie universität berlin ; and held research fellowships and lectureships at the wissenschaftskolleg berlin , kings college cambridge , the university of hong kong , and the institute for advanced study princeton .", "outside academia , she has worked as a dramaturg and director .", "many of her writings focus on opera , from its beginnings around 1600 through the 21st century .", "her latest book , co - authored with roger parker , is a history of opera : the last four hundred years ( 2015 ) .", "in 2014 , she was named a university professor , harvard ’ s highest honor for a faculty member , by president drew faust .", "abbate ’ s research crosses many disciplines .", "her work has integrated thinking from history of science and technology , philosophy and aesthetics , and linguistics .", "recent publications have dealt with sound technology in the machine age ( “ sound object lessons , ” 2016 ) , cognitive disjunction and ephemeral art ( “ overlooking the ephemeral , ” 2017 ) , and operetta ( “ offenbach , kracauer , and ethical frivolity , ” 2017 ) .", "her book in progress deals with lesser - known sound - technological artifacts from the nineteenth and early twentieth centuries , and how they are used ( and misused ) to construct histories of human hearing and listening .", "this research puts critical pressure on habits of using sound and acoustic instruments as an epistemic tool , asking what happens when instruments , sound - based apparatuses , and machines ( whether by inventor design , by misfires in their channels of operation , or subsequent discourses clustered around them ) are mischievous , and engender fables .", "jessica bodner , described by the new york times as a \" soulful soloist \" , is the violist of the grammy award - winning parker quartet .", "a native of houston , tx , jessica began her musical studies on the violin at the age of two , and then switched to the viola at the age of twelve because of her love of the deeper sonority .", "in 2014 jessica joined the faculty of harvard university ' s department of music in conjunction with the parker quartet ' s appointment as the blodgett quartet - in - residence .", "she has most recently given masterclasses at institutions such as the eastman school of music , longy school of music , amherst college , university of minnesota , and at the el sistema program in venezuela .", "individually , jessica has appeared at the international viola congress , as a guest of the east coast chamber orchestra , and been a finalist for a pro musicis award , and as a founding member of the parker quartet , she has won a grammy award , the cleveland quartet award , the bordeaux international string quartet competition , and the concert artists guild competition .", "with the quartet , ms . bodner has recently appeared at venues such as carnegie hall , the library of congress , the concertgebouw in amsterdam , wigmore hall in london , the musikverein in vienna , and seoul arts center , and has appeared at festivals including caramoor , yellow barn , perigord noir in france , and mecklenburg - vorpommern in germany .", "jessica holds degrees from the new england conservatory , where her primary teachers were kim kashkashian and martha strongin katz .", "outside of music , jessica enjoys cooking , practicing yoga , biking , and hiking with her husband , violinist daniel chong , and their vizsla , bodie .", "claire chase is a soloist , collaborative artist , curator and advocate for new and experimental music .", "over the past decade she has given the world premieres of hundreds of new works for the flute in performances throughout the americas , europe and asia , and she has championed new music throughout the world by building organizations , forming alliances , pioneering commissioning initiatives and supporting educational programs that reach new audiences .", "chase joined the harvard faculty in july , 2017 . claire chase co - founded the international contemporary ensemble ( ice ) in 2001 , which has been extraordinarily successful in redefining the concept of a new - music group .", "ice established musical innovation as central to the recipe not only for cultural survival , but also for popular success , with its flexible entrepreneurial structure and inclusive educational mission .", "chase recently stepped down from the leadership of ice to focus on her performing career and to make way for other long - term projects , including “ density 2036 .", "” this project will result in the commission of a significant body of new music for the flute over the next two decades , culminating in the commemoration of the one - hundredth anniversary of edgard varèse ’ s iconic solo piece , “ density 21 .", "5 ” of 1936 . additionally , chase has begun performing excerpts of pan , a new 90 - minute work for solo flutist , live electronics , and a large ensemble of players from the community in which it is staged , which she will premiere in full in the fall .", "chase has won the avery fisher prize , which recognizes musical excellence , vision , and leadership .", "in 2012 , chase was awarded a macarthur fellowship — the so - called “ genius ” award .", "her other accolades include prizes for all aspects of her work : as a flutist , she was first prize winner of the concert artists guild international competition , the national young artists competition , and the coleman national chamber music competition ; as an entrepreneur , she was awarded the carlos surinach bmi award for outstanding commitment to american music and the champion of new music award from the american composers forum ; and as a collaborator , she is a two - time winner of the chamber music america ascap award for adventurous programming and winner of the ensemble of the year award from musical america worldwide .", "from 2014 – 2016 she served as artist in residence at the institute for new music at northwestern university ’ s bienen school of music , and she has been appointed co - artistic director of the summer classical music programs at the banff centre in canada , starting with the 2017 summer season .", "for a full description of all of chase ' s projects , go to clairechase .", "net .", "grammy award - winning violinist daniel chong leads a multi - faceted career having concertized extensively as a soloist and chamber musician throughout the world .", "since 2002 , as the founding first violinist of the parker quartet , he has garnered wide recognition for his performances in such venues as carnegie hall , the library of congress , the musikverein , and wigmore hall .", "in addition , he is a member of the east coast chamber orchestra and ensemble ditto .", "mr . chong has received several awards and prizes such as the 2009 - 2011 cleveland quartet award and top prizes at the concert artists guild competition , young concert artists international auditions , and the bordeaux international string quartet competition .", "his recordings with the parker quartet can be heard on the zig - zag territoires , albany records , and naxos labels .", "mr . chong has performed at several major music festivals including the marlboro music festival , mostly mozart , yellow barn music school and festival , bridgehampton chamber music festival , and the perigord noir music festival .", "he has given masterclasses throughout the world and has taught extensively for el sistema in venezuela , the university of minnesota , and university of south carolina .", "other artists that he has collaborated with include david soyer , kim kashkashian , shai wosner , roger tapping , and members of the cleveland and tokyo quartets .", "a strong advocate for new music , he has premiered new works by györgy kurtág , lera auerbach , and jeremy gill .", "originally from southern california , mr . chong ' s major teachers were robert lipsett , donald weilerstein , and kim kashkashian .", "he studied at the curtis institute of music , cleveland institute of music , and the new england conservatory where he received his b . m . and m . m . other musical mentors that continue to influence him are rainer schmidt and helmut lachenmann .", "clark serves as director of choral activities and senior lecturer on music .", "he is the music director of the harvard glee club , the radcliffe choral society , and the harvard - radcliffe collegium musicum and teaches courses in conducting and music theory .", "he leads the holden choruses in performances throughout europe and the united states , in studio recordings , and collaborations with distinguished conductors , composers , and ensembles .", "his choirs have been hailed as “ first rate ” ( boston globe ) , “ cohesive and exciting ” ( opera news ) , and “ beautifully blended ” ( providence journal ) , achieving performances of “ passion , conviction , adrenalin , [ and ] coherence ” ( worcester telegram ) .", "prior to his appointment at harvard , clark was artistic director of the providence singers and director of choral activities at tufts university for seven years .", "clark has performed prominent venues including carnegie hall , lincoln center , the kennedy center and boston ’ s symphony hall .", "he has collaborated with the pittsburgh and new haven symphonies , the rhode island and boston philharmonic orchestras , the boston pops , stephen sondheim , sweet honey in the rock , the trinity wall street choir , the kronos quartet , and the dave brubeck quartet .", "under his direction , the radcliffe choral society won the grand prize and two gold prizes at the international competition for chamber choirs at petrinja , croatia in 2012 . his performances with the collegium musicum of handel ’ s israel in egypt and rachmaninoff ’ s vespers received critical acclaim , as did their 2012 debut with the boston modern orchestra project performing arvo pärt ’ s st . john passion in jordan hall .", "in 2011 , he conducted the boston premiere of john adams ’ s pulitzer prize – winning on the transmigration of souls with the composer present .", "his first studio recording with the holden choruses , featuring the choral music of ross lee finney , was released in 2013 . suzannah clark specializes in the music of franz schubert , the history of music theory , and medieval vernacular music .", "her book analyzing schubert was published by cambridge university press in 2011 . she co - edited music theory and natural order from the renaissance to the early twentieth century ( cambridge university press , 2001 ; pbk 2005 ) with alexander rehding , and co - edited citation and authority in medieval and renaissance musical culture : learning from the learned ( boydell & brewer , 2005 ) with elizabeth eva leach .", "clark has given lectures in the uk , usa , canada , france , belgium , and germany and has held fellowships from the deutscher akademischer austausch dienst ( germany ) , social sciences and humanities research council ( canada ) , british academy ( uk ) , arts and humanities research council ( uk ) , and the national humanities center in north carolina .", "during 2014 – 2015 , she is a member at the institute for advanced study in princeton and a fellow of the american council of learned societies .", "she has served on the editorial boards of music analysis and music theory spectrum and is currently on the advisory board for music analysis .", "in 2012 , she served as chair of the publication awards committee for the society for music theory .", "she currently serves on council for the american musicological society and as a member - at - large for the executive board of the society for music theory .", "starting in 2013 , she began a three - year stint as reviews editor for the journal of the american musicological society .", "at harvard , clark teaches courses primarily in music theory , but also in historical musicology .", "at the graduate level , she has taught schenkerian analysis ( mus 222r ) , neo - riemannian theory ( mus 223r ) , current trends in music theory ( mus 221r ) , quirks in the major - minor system ( mus 220r ) , and theory and analysis of sonata forms ( mus 230r ) .", "at the undergraduate level , she has taught courses on tonal analysis ( mus 151 ) , tonal counterpoint ( mus 156 ) , theory ii : the classical style ( mus 150a ) , and the sacred and profane in the thirteenth - century motet ( mus 191r ) .", "in 2014 , the art career project named clark amongst the \" 15 notable art professors in boston . \"", "she is currently working on a book , quirks in tonality : aspects in the history of tonal space , which focuses on major issues in the history of tonal theory , such as changing conceptions of modulation , changing perceptions of key relations , constructions of diatonicism versus chromaticism , and even why theorists like to draw musical diagrams of what has come to be known as “ tonal space .", "” suzannah clark grew up mainly in newfoundland , canada and also went to schools in england , france , and italy .", "she did her undergraduate and master ’ s degrees at king ’ s college london ( uk ) and graduated with an mfa ( 1993 ) and phd ( 1997 ) from princeton university .", "she spent a year at the humboldt university as a visiting student in 1994 – 1995 . she held a junior research fellowship ( 1996 – 1999 ) and a british academy postdoctoral fellowship ( 1999 – 2000 ) at merton college , oxford .", "she then taught at oxford for eight years as a university lecturer in music and tutorial fellow at merton college before joining harvard in 2008 . federico cortese has served as music director of the boston youth symphony orchestras since 1999 and in the same capacity for the new england string ensemble since 2005 . he has conducted operatic and symphonic engagements throughout the united states , australia , asia and europe .", "from 1998 - 2002 he served as assistant conductor of the boston symphony orchestra under seiji ozawa .", "cortese ’ s tenure with the bso as assistant conductor was the longest of anyone who has served in that capacity .", "cortese has conducted several prominent symphony orchestras , including atlanta , dallas , bbc scottish symphony orchestra , sydney symphony and oslo philharmonic .", "opera engagements have included , among others , maggio musicale in florence , the spoleto festival in italy and , in the united states , the boston lyric opera , the st . louis opera , the finnish national opera and the washington opera .", "cortese has been music coordinator and associate conductor of the spoleto festival in italy .", "he also served as assistant conductor to robert spano at the brooklyn philharmonic and to daniele gatti at the orchestra dell ' accademia nazionale di santa cecilia in rome .", "cortese studied composition and conducting at the conservatorio di santa cecilia in rome and subsequently studied at the hochschule für musik in vienna .", "in addition , he has been a conducting fellow at the tanglewood music center .", "cortese studied literature and humanities and holds a law degree from la sapienza university in rome .", "czernowin ’ s chamber and orchestral music has been played all over the world and include commissions by major ensembles , orchestras , and festivals .", "characteristic of her work are attempts to find alternative temporalities , changing perspectives and scale , fragmentation , examination , and stretching of identity ; all coupled with a strong physical imprint and high emotional intensity .", "chaya czernowin was born on 7 december 1957 in haifa and was brought up in israel .", "she studied composition at the rubin academy of music in tel aviv with abel ehrlich and izhak sadai , and at the age of 25 went to study in berlin on a daad scholarship with dieter schnebel .", "in 1986 she moved to the united states to study at bard college with eli yarden and joan tower .", "she pursued her phd at the university of california san diego , studying with roger reynolds ( dissertation advisor ) and brian ferneyhough .", "upon completing her formal education , czernowin undertook a period of travel and composition in japan 1993 - 1995 ( asahi shimbun fellowship , nea scholarship ) and germany ( 1996 , akademie schloss solitude ) .", "this was a seminal time in the development of her compositional language .", "czernowin considers teaching to be an important aspect of her continued compositional development .", "she was professor of composition at the university of california san diego from 1997 - 2006 , a professor at the university of music and performing arts in vienna from 2006 - 2009 , and in 2009 was appointed walter bigelow rosen professor of music at harvard .", "she has been a guest professor in a number of institutions , and has taught at the international summer course for new music at darmstadt since 1990 . czernowin founded a course for young composers at the akademie schloss solitude near stuttgart with her husband , the composer steven takasugi , and jean baptiste joly , as well as a course in israel at the festival tzlil meudcan along with yaron deutsch .", "czernowin ’ s output includes chamber and orchestral music , with and without electronics .", "her works are regularly played in many of the major contemporary music festivals in europe , as well as in japan , korea , australia , the usa and canada .", "czernowin has composed two large scale works for the stage : pnima . . . ins innere ( 2000 ) , commissioned by the munich biennale and chosen as best premiere of the year by opernwelt ’ s annual critic survey and winner of the coveted bayerischer theaterpreis , and adama ( 2004 - 05 ) , commissioned for mozart ’ s 250 ’ s birthday by the salzburg festival .", "both operas have a strong political content .", "pnima deals with the transmission of a traumatic experience as a vital part of the present , demanding real and active engagement rather than allowing the trauma to become a self - important , rarefied and frozen memorial .", "with her second opera , she was asked to respond to mozart ' s zaïde by creating a counterpoint piece .", "adama , which is intertwined with zaïde , deals with the impact that a political situation has on the individual and the limited freedom one has when trying to escape this impact .", "similarly to the political rebelliousness of the operas , the chamber music enacts an impatience with known and accepted assumptions .", "the chamber pieces from the 1990s explore the possibilities of temporal and formal divergence .", "in both afatsim ( 1996 ) and string quartet ( 1995 ) , a game is made of changing the identity of the instruments by creating “ meta instruments ”— combining a few instruments into one identity and then separating them .", "by doing so the ensemble is able to change its identity within the piece .", "the unfolding of the piece is further fractured by cutting and displacing parts of the continuity into a forest of chaotic utterances .", "the wintersongs series uses the same septet material reinterpreted five times , becoming an entirely different musical experience with each iteration .", "maim ( 2001 - 07 ) , for a large orchestra and a group of soloists , and other works from the 2000s including the electronic works of the experimental studio , speculate about the physicality and motion of material .", "they touch on a strange and unfamiliar kind of “ physics ” , which toys with our expectations .", "the exploration of time and form on the one hand , and of material , its nature and physicality on the other , find a new expression in hidden ( 2013 - 14 ) for string quartet and electronics , where a slowed down experience of time is coupled with distorted reflections of material , showing a glimpse into a world of unfamiliarity .", "czernowin ' s work is a significant and unique voice in the music of the present .", "she has received numerous awards for her compositions , including the kranichsteiner musikpreis ( 1992 ) , asahi shimbun fellowship prize ( 1993 ) , the schloss solitude fellowship ( 1996 ) , the ircam reading panel ( 1998 ) , the composer ’ s prize by the ernst von siemens music foundation ( 2003 ) , the rockefeller foundation prize ( 2004 ) , the fromm foundation award ( 2008 ) , a nomination of the berlin wissenschaftskolleg ( 2008 ) , the guggenheim fellowship award ( 2011 ) and the heidelberger künstlerinnenpreis ( 2016 ) .", "she was artist in residence with the salzburg festival in 2005 / 06 and with the lucerne festival , switzerland in 2013 . emily i . dolan joined the harvard faculty in 2014 . previously , she was an associate professor of music at the university of pennsylvania , where she taught since 2006 . she specializes in late enlightenment and early romantic music and aesthetics .", "in particular , she focuses on issues of orchestration and instrumentality and on the intersections of music , science , and technology .", "dolan has published articles in current musicology , eighteenth - century music , popular music , studia musicologica , keyboard perspectives , and 19th - century music .", "she is interested in the intertwined history of musical and scientific instruments : in 2011 , she published a co - authored essay with john tresch ( upenn , history of science ) in opera quarterly on the role and reception of machines in french grand opera and in 2013 tresch and dolan published “ toward a new organology ” in osiris .", "in april 2008 , she organized an interdisciplinary conference at penn , herder , music , and enlightenment , which explored the role of music in herder ’ s philosophy .", "in 2009 - 2010 , dolan was a fellow at the radcliffe institute for advanced study , where she worked on her first book , the orchestral revolution : haydn and the technologies of timbre ( cambridge university press , 2013 ) .", "she received her phd from cornell university in 2006 . in 2005 , she was awarded the alvin h . johnson ams 50 dissertation fellowship by the american musicology society .", "currently , dolan is working on a collaborative project on timbre with alexander rehding and on her second book , \" instruments and order . \"", "professor hasty ’ s scholarly work engages problems in the theory and analysis of music from the 16th to the 20th centuries from the standpoint of process and experience .", "his book , meter as rhythm ( 1997 ) won the wallace berry award from the society for music theory for the outstanding music theory book of the year .", "his current research interests include process philosophy , poetic prosody , and ecological and post - cognitivist psychology .", "professor hasty received his phd in music theory from yale university , after earning an m . m . in composition from the yale school of music .", "at yale he studied composition with jacob druckman and krzysztof penderecki , and schenkerian analysis with allen forte .", "his dissertation research centered on theories of process segmentation and the work of stephan wolpe .", "prior to attending yale , professor hasty studied composition with wolfgang fortner and bassoon with johannes zuther at freiburg musikhochschule , and he received his b . m . from stetson university , pi kappa lambda .", "professor hasty has taught at rutgers university , yale university , where he founded the undergraduate chamber music performance program , and the university of pennsylvania , where he founded and directed the college house music program .", "he joined the harvard faculty in 2002 as the walter w . naumburg professor of music .", "most recently his publications include “ the image of thought and ideas of music ” in sounding the virtual : gilles deleuze and the theory and philosophy of music , eds .", "brian hulse , nick nesbit ( 2010 ) ; “ if music is ongoing experience , what might music theory be : a suggestion from the drastic ” in musiktheorie / musikwissenschaft : geschichte - methoden - perspectiven , eds .", "tobias janz , jan sprick ( 2011 ) ; “ learning in time ” in visions of research in music education , vol .", "20 ( 2012 ) ; “ from object to event ” in wechselnde erscheinung : sechs perspectiven auf anton weberns \" sechste bagatelle , \" ed .", "simon obert ( webern studien , beihefte der anton webern gesamtausgabe band i , 2012 ) ; “ rhythmicizing the subject ” in musical implications : studies in honor of eugene narmour , eds .", "lawrence bernstein , lex rozin ( 2013 ) ; and “ experimenting with rhythm ” in rhythmus , balance , metrum , eds .", "christian grüny , matteo nanni ( forthcoming 2013 ) .", "among works now in progress are a book on the rhythmic formation of event , \" thinking with rhythm , \" and a proposal for a process - oriented theory of poetic prosody for the volume the nature of rhythm : aesthetics , music , poetics , eds .", "andrew hamilton , max paddison ( 2014 ) .", "professor hasty recently co - chaired an international conference for the cross - cultural study of musical rhythm with professors richard wolf ( harvard ) and stephen blum ( nyu ) and is currently co - editing a volume of essays related to the conference , thought and play in musical rhythm .", "professor hasty was editor - in - chief of the journal of music theory ( 1987 - 90 ) ; a member of the editorial board of music theory spectrum ( 1982 - 1987 ) ; and he is currently a member of the advisory panel for music analysis ( 2001 – present ) .", "he has given keynote addresses , master classes , and presentations at several advanced research institutes , including the max plank institute , berlin ; the golandsky institute , princeton ; the mannes institute , ny ; the penn humanities forum ; the radcliffe institute for advanced studies ; and at numerous universities , including oxford , princeton , stanford , university of basel , university of chicago , and yale .", "he has served in several administrative positions and chaired sessions for the society for music theory .", "professor hasty ’ s compositions have most recently been performed by the white rabbit ensemble in the harvard group for new music series , and by the contemporary music ensemble at the strasbourg national conservatory .", "at harvard he serves on a number of committees , including the office for the arts , and he has been chair of the composer fellowship committee at the radcliffe institute for advanced studies .", "professor kelly ' s main fields of interest are chant and performance practice .", "he received his b . a . from chapel hill ; spent two years on a fulbright in france studying musicology , chant , and organ .", "he holds a ph .", "d . from harvard ( 1973 ) with a dissertation on office tropes .", "he has taught at wellesley , smith , amherst , and at oberlin , where he directed the historical performance program and served as acting dean of the conservatory .", "he was named a harvard college professor in 2000 and the morton b . knafel professor of music in 2001 . kelly won the otto kinkeldey award of the american musicological society for the beneventan chant ( cambridge university press , 1989 ) .", "other books include first nights : five musical premieres ( yale university press , 2000 ) , first nights at the opera ( yale , 2004 ) , capturing music : the story of notation ( w . w . norton , 2014 ) , music then and now ( w . w . norton , 2012 ) , and early music : a very short introduction ( oxford , 2011 ) he is a member of the american academy of arts and sciences , an honorary citizen of the city of benevento , and a chevalier de l ' ordre des arts et lettres of the french republic .", "a native of seoul , korea , cellist kee - hyun kim has been praised for his \" assertive style . . . and vital musical spirit . \"", "( pittsburgh tribune ) he has participated in many prestigious festivals , including the mostly mozart festival , the kronberg cello masterclasses and festival , the world cello congress iii , the aspen music festival , and music academy of the west , among others .", "a winner of numerous competitions both at home and abroad , kee won top prizes in virtually all of the major competitions in korea , including the ehwa , sae - gae , and korean newspaper competitions , as well as placing second in the pusan national competition .", "he was the recipient of the landgraf - von - hessen prize at the 1999 kronberg cello masterclasses , and won second prize in the hudson valley string competition in 2002 . as a member of the parker quartet , of which he is a founding member , some awards and distinctions include 1st prize at the bordeaux string quartet competition , the cleveland quartet award , and 2010 ' s grammy award for \" best chamber music performance .", "mr . kim started his musical education very early on , starting at the juilliard pre - college in 1992 . since then , he has attended the preparatory divisions of the korean national university of the arts , the new england conservatory , and the walnut hill school .", "he holds a b . m . from the new england conservatory , as well as two m . m . from the same institution .", "he , along with the members of the parker quartet , will begin teaching at harvard university ' s music department beginning fall of 2014 . when not playing the cello , kee ' s other interests include maintaining physical and mental health and well - being , international cuisine , world music , and his cat , sammy .", "kee plays on an 1844 giaccomo rivolta cello made in milan , as well as a custom - made bow from benoit rolland , made in 2007 . professor monson won the sonneck society ' s 1998 irving lowens prize for the best book in american music for her 1996 saying something , jazz improvisation and interaction .", "she has recently written on the impact of the civil rights movement and african independence on the history of jazz , and is working on a book on the musics of the african diaspora .", "monson was a founding member of the klezmer conservatory band .", "monson holds an appointment in both the music department and the department of african and african american studies .", "she was chair of the music department from 2005 - 08 , and interim dean of arts and humanities at harvard university from 2010 - 2011 . she is a guggenheim fellow and a walter channing cabot fellow of harvard university .", "her scholarship is focused on the improvisational process through the lens of social history .", "she authored freedom sounds : civil rights call out to jazz and africa ( 2007 ) , and an edited a volume entitled the african diaspora : a musical perspective ( 2000 ) .", "other recent work is freedom sounds : jazz , civil rights , and africa , 1950 - 1967 ( 2005 ) .", "she began her career as a trumpet player and has recently been studying contemporary senufo balafon .", "monson specializes in jazz , african american music , and music of the african diaspora .", "she earned her ph .", "d . and m . a . in musicology from new york university , her b . m . from new england conservatory of music , and her b . a . from the university of wisconsin - madison in economics .", "osnat netzer is a composer , pianist and educator based in boston .", "she was born in haifa , israel and studied at the jerusalem academy of music and dance , mannes college of music and new england conservatory , where she completed her doctorate in composition in 2011 . in 2009 - 10 netzer researched experimental theater in berlin with the support of a fellowship from the frank huntington beebe foundation .", "while in berlin , she composed her opera the wondrous woman within , an adaptation of the play by hanoch levin .", "the first scene of this opera was performed on new york city opera ’ s vox 2012 and received critical acclaim from the new york times and wall street journal .", "the complete opera premiered in 2015 in a production that traveled to both tel aviv and jerusalem thanks to a substantial grant from the israeli lottery council for the arts .", "netzer ' s works have been performed at tanglewood , june in buffalo and the bowdoin music festival and in countries including germany , france , the netherlands , israel and south korea .", "recent honors include recognition from the ascap morton gould young composer awards and winning the boston modern orchestra project competition , the zeltsman marimba competition , and the donald martino award for excellence in composition .", "dr . netzer is also active as a pianist in classical and contemporary concert music , as well as improvisatory folk , klezmer , and jazz - influenced works .", "she joined the harvard faculty after serving on the faculty of new england conservatory for five years .", "oja ' s research focuses on 20th - and 21st - century american musical traditions , often in transnational contexts .", "she has written extensively about musical theater ( leonard bernstein ) , modernist composers ( aaron copland , henry cowell , ruth crawford , william grant still , and edgard varèse ) , cross - cultural composition ( colin mcphee ) , and high - low intersections ( george gershwin and bernstein ) .", "her current research focuses on the racial desegregation of performance .", "oja ’ s bernstein meets broadway : collaborative art in a time of war won the music in american culture award from the american musicological society .", "oja ' s current project is titled “ black virtuosos and civil rights : racial desegregation of the concert hall and opera stage after world war ii .", "” her crosscurrents : american and european music in interaction , 1900 - 2000 ( boydell press ) , edited together with felix meyer , wolfgang rathert , and anne shreffler , appeared in 2014 , as did music and musical composition at the american academy in rome , edited by martin brody ( to which she contributed two chapters ) .", "oja ’ s making music modern : new york in the 1920s won the lowens book award from the society for american music .", "other books include copland and his world ( co - edited with judith tick ) ; colin mcphee : composer in two worlds ; a celebration of american music : words and music in honor of h . wiley hitchcock ; and american music recordings : a discography of 20th - century u . s . composers .", "she has won three ascap - deems taylor awards .", "oja co - directed ( with judith clurman ) the harvard conference and festival leonard bernstein : boston to broadway ( 2006 ) , and she was also co - director ( with anne shreffler ) of the conference crosscurrents : american and european music in interaction , 1900 - 2000 ( 2008 ) .", "one of her seminars curated the exhibit , unmasking jim crow : blackface minstrelsy in american popular culture , which drew on materials in the harvard theatre collection .", "she is a member of harvard ' s standing committee on the graduate program in american studies , the standing committee on theater , dance , & media , and the steering committee of the charles warren center for american history .", "she is past - president of the society for american music , and she has chaired the pulitzer prize committee in music .", "oja has held fellowships from the john simon guggenheim memorial foundation , the national humanities center , the newhouse center for the humanities at wellesley college , the mellon foundation , and the national endowment for the humanities .", "she received the everett s . mendelsohn excellence in mentoring award at harvard , and the 2015 distinguished service award from the society for american music .", "she served two terms as the leonard bernstein scholar - in - residence with the new york philharmonic .", "in 2016 - 17 , she is frieda l . miller fellow at the radcliffe institute for advanced studies , and she also has a fellowship from the american council of learned societies .", "katherine pukinskis is a composer - scholar who received her phd in music composition in june 2016 from the university of chicago .", "pukinskis has had works premiered by eighth blackbird , quince contemporary vocal ensemble , akron symphony chorus , and the spektral quartet , as well as by members of ensemble dal niente and the chicago symphony chorus .", "pukinskis ’ s scholarly research revolves around notions of nationalism and cultural identity , diaspora , traditional folk and choral music , and the twentieth - century histories of latvia and the baltic nations .", "regarding her philosophies on music and her goals in composition , pukinskis finds great inspiration from spaces in nature , as well as memory and heritage ; the resonances of place drive her understanding of the evolution of sound over a composition .", "she aims to write music that allows performers and listeners to connect with the given moment ’ s resonant sound , and the space ( both personal and architectural ) in which it is being brought to life .", "at the foundational level , she is sure to ask , “ what does it feel like to play , to sing , to hear this piece ?", "” she has been commissioned to write works for the rockefeller chapel in chicago , the junior mendelssohn choir of pittsburgh , la caccina , and the living room chamber music project .", "upcoming projects include works for the san antonio symphony , and the heritage chorale ( oak park , il ) .", "rehding is a music theorist with a focus on intellectual history and media theory .", "this has taken his work in a number of different directions from ancient greek music to the eurovision song contest — and even into outer space .", "his research has contributed to riemannian theory , the history of music theory , sound studies , and media archaeology , reaching into the digital humanities and ecomusicology .", "working with the sound lab , rehding ’ s recent work has particularly explored the interaction of music theory with culture and technology .", "rehding was educated the other cambridge , where he received a string of academic degrees ( ba , ma , mphil , phd ) .", "he held research fellowships at emmanuel college cambridge , the penn humanities forum and the princeton society of fellows before joining the harvard department in 2003 , initially as assistant professor .", "promoted to a full professorship in 2006 and named fanny peabody professor of music in 2009 , rehding served as department chair between 2011 and 2014 . rehding has been named an affiliate of the department of germanic languages and literature and an associate of the center for european studies and the center for the environment .", "from 2006 to 2011 rehding served as co - editor of acta musicologica ( the journal of the international musicological society ) , and has been editor - in - chief of the oxford handbook online series in music since 2011 . as a member of the humanities steering committee 2011 – 14 rehding was part of a group that helped re - organize the humanities at harvard and devised the frameworks in the humanities courses .", "with his colleague john hamilton ( german / comparative literature ) rehding devised a module called the art of listening ( humanities 11b ) for the frameworks series .", "in 2015 - 17 rehding co - chaired of the committee that designed a new curriculum for the music concentration .", "rehding has worked extensively on hugo riemann¹s theories and musical culture in nineteenth - century germany , resulting in the books hugo riemann and the birth of modern musical thought ( 2003 , pbk 2008 ) and the oxford handbook of neo - riemannian music theory ( 2011 , pbk 2013 with edward gollin ) , which was awarded the special citation of merit by the smt .", "a second monograph , music and monumentality ( 2009 , pbk 2017 ) , explored the imaginary connection between “ big ” sounds and ambitions of greatness in the music of nineteenth - century germany .", "this book was recognized with the walter channing cabot fellowship ( 2010 ) .", "rehding has also published numerous articles on nineteenth - and twentieth - century music , on such composers as wagner , liszt , stravinsky and schoenberg .", "a monograph on beethoven ’ s ninth symphonyis due to be published in october 2017 . always interested in big cultural issues , rehding has queried music theory ’ s engagement with the musical repertoires of other cultures .", "this interest has found expression in an exhibition ( with online catalog ) \" sounding china in enlightenment europe \" ( 2010 ) , which he curated with a group of graduate students , as well as a number of article - length studies on a range of topics including ancient greek music theory ( with john mckay ) , ancient egyptian music , and enharmonicism in rameau and rousseau .", "his article \" music - historical egyptomania 1650 - 1950 \" was awarded the forkosch prize 2014 by the journal for the history of ideas .", "the wider ramifications of questions of transmission and reconstruction led rehding to an engagement with musical media , including notation but also recording technology .", "articles in the field of media aesthetics and music include studies on edison ’ s phonograph , the gramophone , the radio , as well as work on sirens .", "a series of recent articles explore the notion of “ music - theoretical instruments , ” taking their cue from recent developments in history of science , thing theory , and critical organology .", "in addition , rehding convened a colloquy on media theory and music that was published in jams in 2017 . the monograph on beethoven ’ s ninth symphony , which examines the transformations of the workin the digital age , is also a contribution to media theory .", "rehding is interested in how music theory has engaged the question of sound .", "thanks to a generous grant from the andrew w . mellon foundation , he was the convener of the 2013 / 14 john e . sawyer seminar in the comparative study of culture , \" hearing modernity .", "” in the same year , rehding launched the sound lab in the music department , which is now in its second phase .", "with the help of the sound lab , rehding pursues the integration of multi - media projects into scholarship in the context of ongoing efforts to fully open up the humanities to the digital domain .", "the question of nature has long held special appeal to music theory .", "with his colleague suzannah clark , rehding co - edited a volume on music theory and natural order ( 2001 , pbk 2003 ) , which explores this nexus across history .", "connecting the question of nature with contemporary concerns , rehding has delved into ecomusicology ( and he may have inadvertently coined the term ) .", "current ecological thinking has adopted post - human theories , such as object oriented ontology ( which is also a major influence on critical organology ) and chronocriticism .", "rehding has been especially interested in reflections on very long timespans and extreme slowness .", "a project in the digital humanities that rehding is currently preparing with an international team of researchers — which is also concerned with related issues — bears the exceptionally modest title an intergalactic music theory of everything ( imte ) .", "in this project rehding uses the “ golden record ” of the enormously ambitious interstellar voyager mission ( 1977 ) as a starting point for a multi - media exploration of how we might use music to communicate across cultures , species , even planets .", "at the broadest level , these projects continue the exploration of what a post - human music theory might look like .", "other current projects include the oxford handbook of timbre ( co - edited with emily dolan ) and of oxford handbook of critical terms in music theory ( with steve rings ) , both to be published in 2018 . rehding is also at work on a forthcoming introduction to the history of music theory , anda multi - volume cultural history of music for bloomsbury ( with david irving ) .", "rehding has been awarded numerous awards and fellowships , including guggenheim , acls , mellon , humboldt , and radcliffe .", "he was awarded the dent medal in 2014 , for which he gave the lecture “ three music theory lessons .", "” on leave in 2017 / 18 , rehding is currently a visiting researcher at the max planck institute for the history of science in berlin .", "in addition to longtime interests in musical ethnography and music and memory , shelemay ' s current research is on ethiopian music and musicians in their north american diaspora .", "her monograph music , ritual , and falasha history ( 1986 , 1989 ) won the ascap - deems taylor award and the prize of the international musicological society .", "shelemay received a b . m . ( 1970 ) , m . a .", "( 1972 ) , and ph .", "d . ( 1977 ) , university of michigan .", "she taught at columbia university ( 1977 - 1982 ) , new york university ( 1982 - 1990 ) , and wesleyan university ( 1990 - 1992 ) , before joining the harvard faculty in 1992 . at harvard , shelemay has served as chair of the department of music ( 1994 - 1999 ; acting chair , spring 2002 ; chair , spring 2005 ; emergency chair , 2007 ) and is active in interdisciplinary studies across several domains .", "a fellow of the american academy of arts and sciences and the american academy for jewish research , the american philosophical society , and the ethiopian academy of sciences , she is a past president of the society for ethnomusicology .", "a congressional appointee to the board of trustees of the american folklife center at the library of congress from 2000 - 2013 , she was chair of that board from 2002 - 2004 . she has received fellowships from the guggenheim foundation , the national endowment for the humanities , the american council of learned societies , and the radcliffe institute .", "shelemay was named the chair in modern culture at the john w . kluge center of the library of congress during august and september , 2007 and june , 2008 . during 2015 - 2016 , she was the marta sutton weeks fellow at the stanford humanities center .", "in addition to the seven - volume collection garland readings in ethnomusicology ( 1990 ) and a song of longing .", "an ethiopian journey ( 1991 ) , shelemay edited the three - volume ethiopian christian liturgical chant .", "an anthology ( 1994 , 1995 , 1997 , with peter jeffery ) .", "other publications include let jasmine rain down .", "song and remembrance among syrian jews ( 1998 , finalist for the national jewish book award ) and soundscapes .", "exploring music in a changing world ( 2001 , second edition 2006 , third edition 2015 ) .", "she has co - edited pain and its transformations .", "the interface of biology and culture ( with sarah coakley ) , published by harvard university press in 2007 . she received the society for ethnomusicology jaap kunst prize in 2010 for her article , “ the power of silent voices .", "” shelemay received an award for distinguished teaching from the columbia university school of general studies in 1982 , and at harvard , the joseph r . levenson memorial teaching prize and the phi beta kappa teaching prize , both in 2006 , and the everett mendelsohn excellence in mentoring award in 2014 . assistant professor of music , stanley a . marks and william h . marks assistant professor at radcliffe institute shelley received his phd in the history and theory of music at the university of chicago ; he also has a master of divinity from the university of chicago ’ s divinity school and earned a ba in music and history from duke university .", "shelley ' s dissertation , \" sermons in song : richard smallwood , the vamp , and the gospel imagination , \" developed an analytical paradigm for gospel music that braids together resources from cognitive theory , ritual theory , and homiletics with studies of repetition , form , rhythm and meter .", "recipient of the 2016 paul a . pisk prize from the american musicological society , braxton ’ s work has also won a cathy heifetz memorial award from the university of chicago department of music and the 2016 graduate student prize from the society for christian scholarship in music .", "his most recent articles , “‘ tuning up ’ : towards a gospel aesthetic , ” in exploring christian song , and “‘ this must be the single ’ : valuing the live recording in contemporary gospel performance , ” in living the life i sing , are forthcoming .", "he has presented his research at northwestern university ’ s music theory and cognition workshop , harvard university ’ s graduate music forum , music theory midwest and the society for christian scholarship in music .", "anne c . shreffler ’ s research interests include the musical avant - garde after 1945 in europe and america , with special emphasis on the political and ideological associations of new music .", "other research interests include historiography , composers in emigration , performance theory , and contemporary opera .", "topics of shreffler ' s recent articles include the canonization processes in twentieth century music ; tradition and rupture in beethoven and webern ; and different models for politically progressive music in the twentieth century .", "she co - edited ( with david trippett ) a themed issue of the german journal musiktheorie on rudolf kolisch in america .", "shreffler is currently working on a book project , entitled \" musical utopias : progressive music and progressive politics in the twentieth century \" ( under contract with university of california press ) .", "shreffler began her research career studying the austrian composer anton webern ( the topic of her dissertation ) , has published widely on this composer , including a book , webern and the lyric impulse : songs and fragments on poems by georg trakl ( oxford university press , 1994 ) as well as the article “ ' mein weg geht jetzt vorueber ' : the vocal origins of webern ' s twelve - tone composition , ” for which she received the alfred einstein award of the american musicological society in 1995 . shreffler has also written about the music and thought of elliott carter , including elliott carter : a centennial portrait in letters and documents ( the boydell press , 2008 ) , co - authored with felix meyer .", "a co - edited volume with felix meyer , carol oja , and wolfgang rathert , crosscurrents : american and european music in interaction , 1900 - 2000 ( the boydell press , 2014 ) , resulted from an international conference held at harvard and at the ludwig - maximilians - universität in munich .", "a new article , \" maderna goes to tanglewood : the role of american networks in the origins and reception of venetian journal and satyricon , \" is forthcoming in the volume utopia , innovation , tradition : bruno maderna ' s cosmos , edited by angela ida de benedictis and published by the paul sacher foundation .", "shreffler received a b . mus .", "in flute performance in 1979 from new england conservatory , a master ' s in music theory from the same institution , and ph .", "d . in musicology from harvard ; this was immediately followed by an assistant professorship at the university of chicago .", "from 1994 until 2003 she was a professor at the musikwissenschaftliches institut of the university of basel in switzerland .", "she has taught at harvard since the fall of 2003 . shreffler serves on advisory and editorial boards of a number of musicological journals and institutions in the u . s . , germany , and switzerland , including the paul sacher foundation in basel and the journal archiv für musikwissenschaft .", "she has been elected vice president of the american musicological society and will serve 2014 - 16 . she has also served on several committees of the american musicological society including the ams council , the ams - 50 fellowship committee , and the program committee .", "in 2007 - 08 she was the recipient of a fellowship from the john simon guggenheim memorial foundation .", "spalding is an accomplished jazz bassist , singer - songwriter , lyricist , humanitarian activist , and educator .", "she has won four grammy awards , including the grammy award for best new artist at the 53rd grammy awards , making her the first jazz artist to win the award .", "she has a history of innovative musical experimentation : her five solo albums and numerous collaborations incorporate funk , soul and other genres .", "spalding joined the harvard faculty in july , 2017 . spalding has five acclaimed solo albums and numerous music videos to her name .", "she is recognized internationally for her virtuosic singing and bass playing , her impassioned improvisatory performances , her singular artistic vision drawing from a dazzling stylistic range , and her brilliant creative capacities as both a composer and lyricist .", "spalding ’ s artistic practice involves a unique synthesis of elements and aesthetics from jazz , fusion , rock , funk , soul , r & b ( rhythm and blues ) , and brazilian musical traditions , as well as theatrical elements and lyrical storytelling .", "she is a creative artist and performer simultaneously , and she stands apart for the intelligence and deep sense of humanity that infuses her creative endeavors .", "perhaps her most iconic performances are those for which she was the laureate - invited singer and bassist at the nobel peace prize ceremony and subsequent concert , when president barack obama won the peace prize in 2009 — an invitation that testifies to her status as a national treasure with global resonance .", "in addition to her grammys , she has been the recipient of such other prestigious awards as the naacp image award for outstanding jazz artist , boston music award for jazz artist of the year , smithsonian american ingenuity award for the performing arts , soul train music award for best contemporary jazz artist / group , frida kahlo award for innovative creativity , and ascap foundation jazz vanguard award .", "as a passionate educator , she taught bass in private lessons , ensembles and classes at berklee college of music from 2005 – 2008 immediately on the heels of graduating from there with a bachelor of music .", "since then , she has been in high demand as an artist in residence and masterclass leader , including teaching at the banff centre for arts and creativity in canada .", "yosvany terry is an internationally acclaimed cuban musician , american composer , saxophonist , percussionist , bandleader , educator and cultural bearer of the afro - cuban tradition .", "he has played with branford marsalis , rufus reid , dave douglas , steve coleman , roy hargrove , henry threadgill , avishai cohen , jeff “ tain ” watts , gonzalo rubalcaba , taj mahal , and eddie palmieri afro - caribbean sextet .", "born into a musical family in camaguey , cuba , yosvany terry went on to classical music training in havana at the prestigious national school of arts ( ena ) and amadeo roldan conservatory .", "after graduating , terry worked with major figures in every realm of cuban music including pianists chucho valdes , frank emilio , and the celebrated nueva trova singer / guitarist silvio rodriguez .", "he has received recent commissions by the yerba buena garden festival ( “ noches de parranda ” for 12 - piece ensemble with the support of the map fund ) , the french - american jazz exchange ( “ ancestral memories ” with pianist baptiste trotignon and support from the mid atlantic arts foundation and doris duke charitable foundation ) , and the harlem stage ( the score for the opera “ makandal ” , premiering in 2015 ) .", "terry received a grant from rockefeller philanthropy advisors and new york state music fund to create afro - cuban roots : yedégbé , a suite of arará music .", "his latest project , the bohemian trio , is a genre - defying contemporary music ensemble based in new york .", "terry photo by bill dougart .", "tutschku has composed music for film , theatre , and ballet as well as instrumental and electroacoustic music .", "he has also conceived several sound installations and published articles on sound diffusion .", "a main focus of tutschku ' s work is improvisation with live - electronics , and he tours regularly with his ensemble für intuitive musik weimar .", "tutschku studied electroacoustic composition in dresden , and between 1989 and 1991 accompanied karlheinz stockhausen on several concert tours for the purpose of studying sound diffusion .", "in 1991 he attended the international one - year course in sonology at the royal conservatory in the hague , where he worked primarily in the field of digital sound processing .", "he spent one year studying at ircam in paris ( 1994 ) , and in 1995 participated in composition workshops with klaus huber and brian ferneyhough .", "tutschku taught electroacoustic composition at ircam in paris from 1997 - 2001 and at the conservatory of montbéliard from 2001 - 2004 . he finished a dea ( master in musicology ) at the parisian sorbonne and completed his phd in composition with professor dr . jonty harrison at the university of birmingham in uk in 2003 . the same year he was the edgar varèse gast professor at the technische universität berlin .", "tutschku has composed music for film , theatre , and ballet as well as instrumental and electroacoustic music .", "he has also conceived several sound installations , interactive sound sculptures , and published articles on sound diffusion .", "a main focus of tutschku ' s work is improvisation with live - electronics , and he is regularly invited to give lectures and workshops on this topic .", "he has toured more than 30 countries with his ensemble für intuitive musik weimar , and with the ensemble , has realized many multimedia productions , often creating the projected images and choreography for dance as well as the music .", "tutschku joined the faculty in 2004 and has since overseen the total renovation of the huseac studios , which were completed in 2005 . he also conceived the 40 - loudspeaker diffusion system hydra , which has been presented in numerous concerts on campus and in boston .", "he has also served as a jury member of several international composition competitions and is the recipient of many international composition prizes : bourges , hanns - eisler - preis , cimesp sao paulo , prix ars electronica , prix musica nova , and prix noroit .", "in 2005 tutschku received the culture prize of the city of weimar .", "2013 he held a fellowship at the radcliffe institute for advanced study , and 2014 a stipend from the japan - u . s . friendship commission .", "van orden specializes in the cultural history of early modern france and italy .", "her current publications investigate music and the cultures of print and include music , authorship , and the book in the first century of print ( berkeley and los angeles , 2013 ) and materialities : books , readers , and the chanson in 16th - c . europe ( oxford and new york , 2015 ) .", "before taking a phd from the university of chicago in 1996 , van orden began her career in europe , where she studied historical performance practice .", "she performs and records regularly on early bassoons and makes a point of working at history through performance .", "van orden ' s research favors the ephemeral and works to recover histories only marginally legible in the documents of high culture .", "her first book , music , discipline , and arms in early modern france ( chicago , 2005 ) , studied french military nobles and the regulating force of music in their culture of physical action .", "it considered everything from fencing and pyrrhic dance to equestrian ballet and won the lewis lockwood award from the american musicological society .", "her most enduring scholarly interest is the french chanson .", "in a series of publications that began with an edited collection on music and the cultures of print ( new york , 2000 ) and is rounding out with two books , van orden locates chansons amid the textual worlds that were transformed by printing .", "materialities : books , readers , and the chanson in 16th - c . europe tracks printed songs into the musical lives of amateurs , bibliophiles , professional musicians , educators , and school children .", "music , authorship , and the book in the first century of print recounts the rise of the composer as author during the sixteenth century .", "at the same time , it argues that the market for lighter , less authoritative genres like the chanson undercut any one - to - one correlation between being printed and compositional fame .", "her new research project , “ songs in unexpected places , ” tracks french chansons into cinquecento italy , taking their \" displacement \" as an opportunity to theorize the musical performance of ethnicity in early modern europe by concentrating on migratory contexts like that of rome , where cross - cultural encounters threw identities into high contrast .", "after receiving a phd in music history and theory at the university of chicago in 1996 , she held fellowships at the warburg institute in london and the columbia society of fellows in the humanities .", "van orden taught at the university of california , berkeley from 1997 until she joined the harvard faculty in 2013 . in 2013 - 14 , she led a research exchange with the università degli studi di palermo .", "van orden ' s work has been supported by two aauw fellowships ( 1994 , 1999 ) , two president ’ s fellowships from the university of california ( 1999 , 2006 ) , and a fellowship from the acls ( 2010 ) .", "from 2003 - 2005 , she held a studium fellowship from the centre national de la recherche scientifique .", "national awards include the paul pisk prize , the noah greenberg award , and the lewis lockwood award , all from the american musicological society , as well as the nancy lyman roelker prize from the sixteenth century society for her article “ female complaintes ” ( renaissance quarterly , 2001 ) and the richard s . hill award from the music library association for her discovery , with alfredo vitolo , of a large renaissance music library , the pagliarini collection ( early music history , 2010 ) .", "international distinctions include the bi - annual book award from the society for renaissance studies for materialities ( 2015 ) and the medal of honor from the city of tours , france ( 2016 ) , for outstanding contributions to our understanding of the renaissance .", "in 2016 , she was named a walter channing cabot fellow in recognition of her book , materialities .", "she currently serves on the editorial boards of early music history , saggiatore musicale , oxford bibliographies , and the series the new cultural history of music ; she was editor - in - chief of the journal of the american musicological society from 2008 to 2010 . as a performer , van orden specializes in historical performance on the bassoon .", "she performs primarily with tafelmusik ( dir .", "jeanne lamon ) , philharmonia baroque orchestra ( dir .", "nicholas mcgegan ) , and american bach soloists ( dir .", "jeffrey thomas ) , and has appeared at the london proms , utrecht festival , salzburg festival , and in concerts across the north america and europe .", "wolf ' s thematic interests include emotional complexity in ceremonial contexts , the constitutive properties of musical action in rituals , the poetics of non - verbal activities , the musical qualities of languages and the analytic potentials of particular languages for the study of music .", "he writes on issues of music and islam in south asia , and on south indian folk and tribal music .", "in 1980 , an extraordinary performance of south indian classical ( karnatak ) music forever changed the life of richard wolf , erstwhile electric guitarist and student of renaissance lute and classical guitar .", "in 1982 this experience led him to devote a year of music and tamil language study in south india .", "after returning to oberlin college the following year , he completed the last few courses toward a bachelor ' s degree in mathematics ( 1984 ) and then devoted himself to ethnomusicological study .", "wolf has a mm from the university of illinois at urbana - champaign and wrote a phd dissertation based on fieldwork on the music and ritual of one of the tribal minority populations of the nilgiri hills , the kotas ( 1997 ) .", "he joined the harvard faculty in 1999 . wolf ' s thematic interests include emotional complexity in ceremonial contexts , the constitutive properties of musical action in rituals , the poetics of non - verbal activities , the musical qualities of languages and the analytic potentials of particular languages for the study of music .", "wolf speaks tamil and draws from his study of several other languages , including urdu and persian / tajiki , in his research and writings .", "several publications address issues of music and islam in south asia including “ the poetics of sufi practice : drumming , dancing , and complex agency at madho lal husain ( and beyond ) , ” ( american ethnologist 2006 ) .", "his most recent monograph , the voice in the drum ( 2014 ) , uses the form of a novel to present analytical and cultural insights regarding rhythm , vocality , and drumming across south asia .", "wolf ' s interest in sociomusical processes that transcend the borders of south asia is reflected in the edited volume , theorizing the local : music , practice , and experience in south asia and beyond ( oxford university press , new york , 2009 ) .", "his broader engagement with issues of indigeneity has taken the form of a volume co - edited with anthropologist frank heidemann , the bison and the horn : indigeneity , performance , and the state of india , which appears as a special issue of asian ethnology ( 2014 ) .", "he is currently co - editing thought and play in musical rhythm : asian , african , and euro - american perspectives .", "richard k wolf is also general editor of ethnomusicology translations , an online journal of significant ethnomusicological articles translated into english and published by the society for ethnomusicology .", "wolf has been the recipient of numerous grants and fellowships , including the friedrich wilhelm bessel research award from the alexander von humboldt foundation , two american institute of indian studies research grants , a fulbright south and central asia regional research grant , a year - long residency at the radcliffe institute for advanced study , and funding from the american council of learned societies , the social science research council , the national endowment for the humanities , and the american institute of pakistan studies .", "wolf ' s first book , the black cow ' s footprint : time , space , and music in the lives of the kotas of south india ( permanent black , 2005 and university of illinois press , 2006 ) , earned the edward cameron dimock , jr . prize in the humanities from the american institute of indian studies .", "during his recent sabbatical ( 2012 - 13 ) , wolf conducted research on the relationship between singing and performing on various lute types in tajikistan .", "while based in the capital city of dushanbe , his work also took him to the southeast part of the country , where he worked closely with musicians who speak wakhi ( an eastern iranian language ) , and to pakistan , where wakhis speaking a different dialect maintain their own musical traditions .", "he is in the process of helping a wakhi poet - musician to publish his corpus of poetry for wakhis who live in tajikistan , afghanistan , pakistan , and xinjiang china .", "in addition to teaching and writing about music , wolf performs professionally on the south indian vina ( lute ) and is a disciple of the renowned performer , ranganayaki rajagopalan .", "an accomplished and versatile soloist and chamber musician ying xue has won accolades on the competition stage around the world .", "she is the second prize winner of the 2011 international mozart competition salzburg , first prize winner of the 2007 corpus christi competition , and has won medals at the hudson valley , irving m . klein international and new england conservatory concerto competitions among others .", "as a soloist , she has appeared with the camerata salzburg , nanning symphony orchestra , jinfan symphony orchestra , and nec symphony orchestra .", "as a soloist , she has appeared with the camerata salzburg , nanning symphony orchestra , jinfan symphony orchestra , and nec symphony orchestra .", "a passionate chamber musician , ying has collaborated with artists of international acclaim including donald weilerstein , andrás schiff , pamela frank , kim kashkashian , and gidon kremer among many others .", "she has been engaged by the kronberg chamber music , caramoor , ravinia and yellow barn music festivals , as well as the winter chamber festival in israel .", "outside of her experiences in classical music , ying enjoys exploring many musical genres and has enjoyed performing with non - classical artists such as sting .", "born in urumqi , china , ying began her violin studies at age four .", "when she was eighteen , ying moved to boston where she received b . m . and m . m . degrees under the tutelage of donald weilerstein and miriam fried as the recipient of the irene m . stare presidential scholarship at the new england conservatory .", "in 2012 ying moved to germany to continue her musical studies with heime müller at the musikhochschule lübeck , but returned to boston in 2013 to join the parker quartet .", "karen desmond ( ph .", "d . 2009 , new york university ) is assistant professor of music at brandeis university .", "previously she held postdoctoral research positions at the schulich school of music , mcgill university ( sshrc banting fellow , 2014 - 16 ) , and the university of cologne ( 2012 - 3 ) , and taught at university college cork , ireland ( lecturer in musicology , 2011 - 13 ) .", "her research specialism is medieval music , specifically thirteenth - and fourteenth - century music and its notation .", "her monograph — ars nova in music and medieval thought : making it new , 1300 - 1350 ( forthcoming , cambridge university press ) — explores intellectual and cultural contexts that saw the emergence of new methods of notating music in fourteenth - century france , and the impact of these notational innovations on musical style .", "desmond was awarded a one - year neh research fellowship for this book project in 2013 . desmond ' s postdoctoral research project at the schulich school of music analysed innovative elements in ars nova music using software recently developed at mcgill for the analysis of large datasets of music ( http : / / www .", "simssa .", "ca ) .", "where her monograph is structured around close readings of key theoretical texts and music compositions , and situates these developments culturally and historically , this project looked at trends apparent through a digital analysis of the broader music repertory ’ s pitches , rhythms , and notation , interrogating the at times complex links between theory and practice .", "grant works in eighteenth - century music , the history of music theory , enlightenment aesthetics , early modern science , and theories of the affects and the passions .", "his journal articles have appeared in critical inquiry , music theory spectrum , eighteenth - century music , and the journal of music theory .", "grant ' s first book , beating time and measuring music in the early modern era , was published in the oxford studies in music theory series at oxford university press ( 2014 ) and won the emerging scholar award from the society for music theory .", "grant is a former junior fellow of the university of michigan society of fellows , and earned his phd in music from the university of pennsylvania .", "in addition to his academic work , he has collaborated on the creation of new and newly - imagined operas , most recently on an installation of the magic flute with jonathan berger , susanne sachsse , vaginal davis , and jamie stewart at nyu ’ s 80wse gallery .", "in 2014 grant assisted in bruce labruce ’ s film of pierrot lunaire , which won a teddy award at the berlinale film festival .", "evan johnson is an american composer whose music focuses on extremes of density and of reticence , of difficulty and of sparsity , and on hiding itself .", "described as “ conjuring a beckett - like eloquence from stammers and silences ” ( ivan hewitt , the telegraph ) , and as “ creating genuine magic … music [ which ] will be with us for a very long time ” ( tim rutherford - johnson , the rambler ) , his work has been performed throughout north america , europe and beyond by ensembles such as musikfabrik , elision , the international contemporary ensemble , the mivos quartet , ensemble mosaik , wet ink , dal niente , ensemble surplus , exaudi , loadbang , ekmeles , the quatuor bozzini , and the new london chamber choir ; pianists ian pace , michael finnissy , mark knoop , frederik croene , and sebastian berweck ; flutists richard craig and claire chase ; clarinetists carl rosman and gareth davis ; and soloists from the national symphony orchestra , among others .", "he received his ph .", "d . in composition from the state university of new york at buffalo , where he studied with david felder as a presidential fellow ; other teachers include johannes schöllhorn , chaya czernowin , richard barrett and brian ferneyhough .", "a 2002 graduate from yale university , johnson has been invited to numerous composition seminars and summer programs in the usa , canada and europe .", "from 2007 to 2010 , he was a postdoctoral teaching associate in music theory and composition at northeastern university ; more recently , he has served as a lecturer at harvard university .", "felipe lara is a brazilian composer based in the united states since 1999 . his work — which includes orchestral , chamber , vocal , film , electroacoustic , and popular music — engages in producing new musical contexts by means of ( re ) interpreting and translating acoustical properties of familiar source sonorities ( with the help of the computer ) into project - specific forces .", "lara was a maccracken fellow in music composition at new york university , where he earned his phd degree in 2013 . his works have been performed worldwide by such ensembles as the arditti quartet , brentano quartet , ensemble recherche , international contemporary ensemble , jack quartet , kammerensemble neue musik berlin , london sinfonietta , mivos quartet , and radio kamer filharmonie and at such venues as acht brücken musik für köln , aldeburgh music , ars musica , aspekte salzburg , asphalt festival , donaueschinger musiktage , europalia , huddersfield contemporary music festival , internationales musikinstitut darmstadt , lincoln center ’ s mostly mozart , and tanglewood .", "lara has received awards and fellowships from the andrew w . mellon foundation , civitella ranieri foundation , fromm music foundation , funarte ( brazilian national arts foundation ) , heidelberger frühling , and instituto sacatar and was a finalist for the 2014 – 2015 rolex mentor and protégé arts initiative .", "katy leonard received a phd in ethnomusicology at brown university , a ma in ethnomusicology at the university of limerick , ireland , and a bm in music performance ( flute ) from birmingham - southern college .", "she has studied and performed irish / classical flute , ghanaian drumming and dance , and javanese gamelan .", "her research interests include bluegrass music , hip hop culture , virtual and physical community , music and political movements , and the arts in civic and community engagement .", "leonard ' s most recent publications focus on rapper / poet kendrick lamar , b - boy richard \" crazy legs \" colón , rapper / actor chris “ ludacris ” bridges , and the history of dirty south rap .", "a former staff member of the international bluegrass music association and world of bluegrass festival , she is currently completing research on the history of irish bluegrass music .", "scott metcalfe has gained wide recognition as one of north america ’ s leading specialists in music from the fifteenth through seventeenth centuries and beyond .", "musical and artistic director of blue heron since its founding in 1999 , he is also music director of new york city ’ s green mountain project ( jolle greenleaf , artistic director ) .", "metcalfe also enjoys a career as a baroque violinist and currently plays with les délices ( dir .", "debra nagy ) , l ’ harmonie des saisons ( dir .", "eric milnes ) , and other ensembles .", "he taught vocal ensemble repertoire and performance practice at boston university from 2006 - 2015 and in 2016 - 17 served as director of the baroque orchestra at oberlin conservatory .", "metcalfe received a bachelor ’ s degree from brown university ( 1985 ) , where he majored in biology , and a master ’ s degree in historical performance practice from harvard ( 2005 ) .", "some of his research on the performance practice of english vocal music in the 16th and 17th centuries will be published as two chapters in music , politics , and religion in early seventeenth - century cambridge : the peterhouse partbooks in context ( woodbridge : boydell and brewer , forthcoming ) and he is presently at work on a new edition of the songs of gilles binchois ( c . 1400 - 1460 ) .", "his edition of francisco de peñalosa ’ s precor te , domine jesu christe was published by antico edition in 2017 . perhaps uniquely in the early music world , he is lead author of an article published in the annals of botany .", "michael uy received a phd in historical musicology at harvard university .", "he received his ba in political economy and music from uc berkeley in 2007 and his mphil in historical musicology from merton college , oxford in 2011 . he has published on venezuela ’ s music education program , el sistema , and is interested in the relationships between government patronage and art and music policies .", "his dissertation focuses on the rockefeller foundation , the ford foundation , and the national endowment for the arts from the 1950s to the 1970s .", "his other areas of interest include social and cultural capital , national arts education and cultural policy , and the nature and exercise of expertise , connoisseurship , and privilege .", "panayotis ( paddy ) league , james a . notopoulos fellow , milman parry collection of oral literature the packard humanities institute , c . p . e . bach : the complete works editors e : musicdpt @ fas .", "harvard .", "edu © 2015 president and fellows of harvard college .", "website by christine southworth and steve robertson .", "hours can vary over holidays and school breaks .", "spellbound and sacrosanct , cowrie shells and the shimmering sea ; mutation i : air ; mutation ii : rise ; mutation iii : canon ; mutation iv : chain ; mutation v : automata ; mutation vi : waves ; mutation vii : kernel ; mutation viii : clade ; mutation ix : descent ; mutation x : time ; when we ' re gone .", "please enable javascript to view the comments powered by disqus .", "a cosmic rhythm with . . . i love jazz because is the music of my life .", "i start listen jazz in the ' 80 , musician like art ensemble of chicago , don cherry , stan getz , dizzy gillespie an many others they made me decide to become a jazzman , thats all .", "we inform jazz fans and alert them to local shows .", "and while we ' re at it , we ' re improving audience attendance and building active jazz communities worldwide .", "albaniaalgeriaandorraangolaanguillaantigua / barbudaargentinaarmeniaarubaaustraliaaustriaazerbaijanbahamasbahrainbangladeshbarbadosbelarusbelgiumbelizebeninbermudabhutanboliviabosnia / herzegowinabotswanabrazilbrunei darussalambulgariaburkina fasoburundicambodiacamerooncanadacape verdecayman islandscentral african republicchilechinacolombiacongocosta ricacroatiacubacyprusczechiadenmarkdjiboutidominican republicecuadoregyptel salvadorequatorial guineaestoniaethiopiafijifinlandfrancefrench polynesiagermanyghanagibraltargreecegrenadaguadeloupeguatemalaguyanahaitihondurashong konghungaryicelandindiaindonesiairan ( islamic republic of ) iraqirelandisraelitalyjamaicajapanjerseykazakhstankenyakuwaitkyrgyzstanlao people ' s democratic republiclatvialebanonliechtensteinlithuanialuxembourgmacaumacedoniamadagascarmalawimalaysiamalimaltamartiniquemauritaniamauritiusmayottemexicomicronesia ( federated states of ) moldova , republic ofmonacomongoliamontenegromoroccomozambiquenamibianepalnetherlandsnetherlands antillesnew caledonianew zealandnicaraguanigerianorth koreanorwayomanpakistanpanamaparaguayperuphilippinespolandportugalpuerto ricoqatarromaniarussian federationrwandasamoasan marinosaudi arabiasenegalserbia , republic ofseychellessingaporeslovakiasloveniasomaliasouth africasouth koreaspainsri lankasudanswazilandswedenswitzerlandsyrian arab republictaiwan , province of chinatajikistantanzania , united republic ofthailandtogotrinidad / tobagotunisiaturkeyturkmenistantuvaluugandaukraineunited arab emiratesunited kingdomunited statesuruguayuzbekistanvatican city state ( holy see ) venezuelaviet namvirgin islands ( british ) virgin islands ( u . s . ) yemenyugoslaviazairezambiazimbabwe one moment , you will be redirected shortly .", "membership has its privileges !", "sign up or sign in to gain full access to both all about jazz and jazz near you .", "learn more .", "aaj proafrican jazzafrobeat diariesall about jazz : south africaanatomy of a standardask kenback roads beatbailey ' s bundlesbeauty , love and justice : living a coltranian lifebehind the lens with . . . best of / year endbig band caravanbig band in the skybig band reportbig jazz nerdbill anschell ' s notes from the lobbyblues deluxebook excerptsbook reviewsbuilding a jazz librarybuilt to soundcatching up withcd / lp / track reviewcompare & contrastconfessions of a piano playercontemporary vibescontributor newscool vic filescymbalismdan ' s dendigital musicdiscographydownload reviewsdrum addictiondvd / film reviewsextended analysisfirst impressionsfirst time i sawforgotten findsfre - formationfrom far and widefrom the inside outfuture jazzfuture theory , future practicegeneral articlesgenius guide to jazzgetting into jazzgnome notesguilty pleasuresguitarist ' s rendezvoushardly strictly jazzhi - res jazzhighly opinionatedhistory of jazzimprovise !", "in picturesin the artist ' s own wordsin the bizin the studiointerviewinterzonejazz and the netjazz artjazz biofilesjazz emergesjazz fictionjazz for kidsjazz from the vinyl junkyardjazz goes to collegejazz humorjazz in the aquarian agejazz journaljazz near mejazz poetryjazz primerjazz questjazz raconteursjazz that scratches , swings and popsjazz uncorkedjazzin ' around europejazzlife ukjazzmatazzjourney into jazzlate night thoughts on jazzliner noteslisten to this !", "live from new yorklive from philadelphialive reviewslondon callingmaking musicmeet the staffmegaphonemixed tapemr .", "p . c . ' s guide to jazz etiquette . . . multiple reviewsmuse from the frontmusic and the creative spiritmusician 2 musicianmusings in cbmusings of a jazz piano teachermust hear reviewmy blue note obsessionmy favourite thingsnew & noteworthynew york @ nightnew york beatnite & disknordic soundsnot for saleold , new , borrowed and blueon and off the gridon the road with . . . one lpopinionout and about : the super fansout - of - printphilosophisticated ladypodcastpreviewsproduct reviewsprofilesrace and jazzreaders write backreassessingrecord label profilesrediscoveryrhythm in every guiseroads less travelledscumblesshrinktunesspirit of ' 76straight from the vaultstretch movementswing settake five with . . . talkin ' bluestalking 2 musicianstell me morethe art and science of jazzthe art of the artist to fan relationshipthe audiophilethe big questionthe cool vic filesthe doorman ' s diarythe low endthe moment ' s energythe mort reportthe vinyl posttop ten listunder the radarunsung heroesvideo featurewe travel the spacewayswebsite newswhat i ' m listening to nowwhat is jazz ?", "wide open jazz and beyondworking out to jazz sign in or sign up to upload your mp3 for \" download of the day \" consideration .", "sign in or sign up to upload your events .", "learn more .", "sign in or sign up to upload and share your publicity or live event photos .", "sign in or sign up to create or claim your musician profile page .", "review our musician toolkit page .", "advocacyaward / grantbirthdaybook / magazinecareercontestcrowdfunding campaigneconomicseducationeventfestivalfor saleinterviewjob postinglooking for . . . music industryobituaryopinionperformance / tourradiorecordingrightssocial gatheringspecial offerstechnologytrendstv / filmvideo / dvdwebsite sign in or sign up to upload your press release .", "learn more and read our faq .", "a simple way to support all about jazz and jazz near you .", "if you shop at any of the stores below , please initiate your purchase from all about jazz .", "when you do , all about jazz will receive a sales commission .", "spellbound and sacrosanct , cowrie shells and the shimmering sea ; mutation i : air ; mutation ii : rise ; mutation iii : canon ; mutation iv : chain ; mutation v : automata ; mutation vi : waves ; mutation vii : kernel ; mutation viii : clade ; mutation ix : descent ; mutation x : time ; when we ' re gone .", "please enable javascript to view the comments powered by disqus .", "a cosmic rhythm with . . . i love jazz because is the music of my life .", "i start listen jazz in the ' 80 , musician like art ensemble of chicago , don cherry , stan getz , dizzy gillespie an many others they made me decide to become a jazzman , thats all .", "we inform jazz fans and alert them to local shows .", "and while we ' re at it , we ' re improving audience attendance and building active jazz communities worldwide .", "albaniaalgeriaandorraangolaanguillaantigua / barbudaargentinaarmeniaarubaaustraliaaustriaazerbaijanbahamasbahrainbangladeshbarbadosbelarusbelgiumbelizebeninbermudabhutanboliviabosnia / herzegowinabotswanabrazilbrunei darussalambulgariaburkina fasoburundicambodiacamerooncanadacape verdecayman islandscentral african republicchilechinacolombiacongocosta ricacroatiacubacyprusczechiadenmarkdjiboutidominican republicecuadoregyptel salvadorequatorial guineaestoniaethiopiafijifinlandfrancefrench polynesiagermanyghanagibraltargreecegrenadaguadeloupeguatemalaguyanahaitihondurashong konghungaryicelandindiaindonesiairan ( islamic republic of ) iraqirelandisraelitalyjamaicajapanjerseykazakhstankenyakuwaitkyrgyzstanlao people ' s democratic republiclatvialebanonliechtensteinlithuanialuxembourgmacaumacedoniamadagascarmalawimalaysiamalimaltamartiniquemauritaniamauritiusmayottemexicomicronesia ( federated states of ) moldova , republic ofmonacomongoliamontenegromoroccomozambiquenamibianepalnetherlandsnetherlands antillesnew caledonianew zealandnicaraguanigerianorth koreanorwayomanpakistanpanamaparaguayperuphilippinespolandportugalpuerto ricoqatarromaniarussian federationrwandasamoasan marinosaudi arabiasenegalserbia , republic ofseychellessingaporeslovakiasloveniasomaliasouth africasouth koreaspainsri lankasudanswazilandswedenswitzerlandsyrian arab republictaiwan , province of chinatajikistantanzania , united republic ofthailandtogotrinidad / tobagotunisiaturkeyturkmenistantuvaluugandaukraineunited arab emiratesunited kingdomunited statesuruguayuzbekistanvatican city state ( holy see ) venezuelaviet namvirgin islands ( british ) virgin islands ( u . s . ) yemenyugoslaviazairezambiazimbabwe one moment , you will be redirected shortly .", "membership has its privileges !", "sign up or sign in to gain full access to both all about jazz and jazz near you .", "learn more .", "aaj proafrican jazzafrobeat diariesall about jazz : south africaanatomy of a standardask kenback roads beatbailey ' s bundlesbeauty , love and justice : living a coltranian lifebehind the lens with . . . best of / year endbig band caravanbig band in the skybig band reportbig jazz nerdbill anschell ' s notes from the lobbyblues deluxebook excerptsbook reviewsbuilding a jazz librarybuilt to soundcatching up withcd / lp / track reviewcompare & contrastconfessions of a piano playercontemporary vibescontributor newscool vic filescymbalismdan ' s dendigital musicdiscographydownload reviewsdrum addictiondvd / film reviewsextended analysisfirst impressionsfirst time i sawforgotten findsfre - formationfrom far and widefrom the inside outfuture jazzfuture theory , future practicegeneral articlesgenius guide to jazzgetting into jazzgnome notesguilty pleasuresguitarist ' s rendezvoushardly strictly jazzhi - res jazzhighly opinionatedhistory of jazzimprovise !", "in picturesin the artist ' s own wordsin the bizin the studiointerviewinterzonejazz and the netjazz artjazz biofilesjazz emergesjazz fictionjazz for kidsjazz from the vinyl junkyardjazz goes to collegejazz humorjazz in the aquarian agejazz journaljazz near mejazz poetryjazz primerjazz questjazz raconteursjazz that scratches , swings and popsjazz uncorkedjazzin ' around europejazzlife ukjazzmatazzjourney into jazzlate night thoughts on jazzliner noteslisten to this !", "live from new yorklive from philadelphialive reviewslondon callingmaking musicmeet the staffmegaphonemixed tapemr .", "p . c . ' s guide to jazz etiquette . . . multiple reviewsmuse from the frontmusic and the creative spiritmusician 2 musicianmusings in cbmusings of a jazz piano teachermust hear reviewmy blue note obsessionmy favourite thingsnew & noteworthynew york @ nightnew york beatnite & disknordic soundsnot for saleold , new , borrowed and blueon and off the gridon the road with . . . one lpopinionout and about : the super fansout - of - printphilosophisticated ladypodcastpreviewsproduct reviewsprofilesrace and jazzreaders write backreassessingrecord label profilesrediscoveryrhythm in every guiseroads less travelledscumblesshrinktunesspirit of ' 76straight from the vaultstretch movementswing settake five with . . . talkin ' bluestalking 2 musicianstell me morethe art and science of jazzthe art of the artist to fan relationshipthe audiophilethe big questionthe cool vic filesthe doorman ' s diarythe low endthe moment ' s energythe mort reportthe vinyl posttop ten listunder the radarunsung heroesvideo featurewe travel the spacewayswebsite newswhat i ' m listening to nowwhat is jazz ?", "wide open jazz and beyondworking out to jazz sign in or sign up to upload your mp3 for \" download of the day \" consideration .", "sign in or sign up to upload your events .", "learn more .", "sign in or sign up to upload and share your publicity or live event photos .", "sign in or sign up to create or claim your musician profile page .", "review our musician toolkit page .", "advocacyaward / grantbirthdaybook / magazinecareercontestcrowdfunding campaigneconomicseducationeventfestivalfor saleinterviewjob postinglooking for . . . music industryobituaryopinionperformance / tourradiorecordingrightssocial gatheringspecial offerstechnologytrendstv / filmvideo / dvdwebsite sign in or sign up to upload your press release .", "learn more and read our faq .", "a simple way to support all about jazz and jazz near you .", "if you shop at any of the stores below , please initiate your purchase from all about jazz .", "when you do , all about jazz will receive a sales commission .", "<EOS>" ]

[ [ "reception", "the allmusic review by thom jurek awarded the album 4½ stars out of 5 , stating \" mutations rewards with well - considered , inspired performances \" . writing for all about jazz , john kelman said \" mutations is a landmark recording from an artist who , while already possessing an admirable discography , has clearly been limited to more decidedly jazz - oriented concerns . representing a significant musical shift , if mutations is but the first sign of the greater freedom ecm plans to afford iyer , the only vaticinator of what ' s to follow will surely be its complete and utter unpredictability \" . the guardian review by john fordham awarded the album 4 stars noting \" it ' s thoughtful , typically original , and unexpectedly very exciting \" . not all reviews were as enthusiastic with jazztimes stating \" mutations is a major disappointment . the problem is iyer ’ s writing for strings . there is a 10 - part suite for string quartet , piano and electronics . the suite is stunningly devoid of the aesthetic and emotional content that makes most people listen to music . qualities such as lyric discovery , melodic fulfillment and rhythmic engagement are absent \" ." ] ]

[ "< EOT > when the members of the collective unhinged sextet gathered to record their first album clarity ( oa2 records , 2015 ) it was the first time they had played together , despite long - standing mutual associations .", "don ' t blink continues to demonstrate the chemistry that characterized their first meeting .", "once again the music is all original , with contributions from five of the six group members — and the compositions inspire consistently good solos .", "the 22nd installment of the best - selling series features 21 grammy - nominated artists and hit songs from the world ’ s biggest superstars and hottest emerging talent , including album of the year nominees alabama shakes , kendrick lamar , chris stapleton , taylor swift and the weeknd , as well as best new artist nominees courtney barnett , james bay , sam hunt , tori kelly and meghan trainor among others .", "pre - order the album here .", "internationally acclaimed new york guitarist and composer oz noy follows his provocative two - volume exploration and reinvention of his blues roots ( twisted blues ) with who gives a funk , due out april 15th – a examination of classic funk and r & b grooves , spiked with his uniquely unhinged improvisational instincts .", "“ simple , funky music – but soulful , ” is how noy describes it , while acknowledging that simple is not synonymous with easy : the discipline and clarity these classic structures demand put even the finest musicians to the test , and noy and his all - star cohorts deliver a remarkable program that uncovers intriguing new pathways through timeless forms .", "nick jonas teased new music via instagram on tuesday ( march 22 ) , and now the singer has announced the title and track listing of his third album on twitter .", "he also said that we ’ ll be hearing the album ’ s first single later today , and that it ’ s about \" how [ he ] literally can ' t open up and be vulnerable with someone . \"", "\" close \" is likely the album ' s first single .", "it sounds like we ’ ll be getting our first look at the cover art later today , too .", "the recording academy ® ' s grammy recordings ® and republic records announced the track list for the 2016 grammy ® nominees album — available in stores and at all digital retailers on jan . 22 . the full 2016 lineup of artists and songs can be found below .", "once again , a portion of the proceeds from album sales will benefit the year - round efforts of the grammy foundation ® and musicares foundation ® — two recording academy - affiliated charitable organizations . \"", "the 2016 grammy nominees album represents some of the finest songs and talented artists that make up this year ' s remarkable nominees , \" said neil portnow , president / ceo of the recording academy . \"", "we thank republic records for collaborating with us on this project , which also provides much needed support for the invaluable programs and initiatives our charities produce year - round .", "we look forward to another successful grammy compilation . \"", "\" it ' s an honor to partner with the recording academy for the 2016 grammy nominees album , \" says republic records founder / president avery lipman . \"", "it ' s a very special project that captures the year through showcasing its biggest and best songs and simultaneously benefits some very important causes . \"", "develop a column , write album reviews , cover live shows , or conduct interviews .", "the new record is called last year was complicated and it ’ ll be released on june 10 . \"", "i ' ve been making this record for a year and a half , ” wrote jonas . \"", "pouring everything i have into it .", "” jonas went on to tweet every single song title from lywc individually .", "assuming he tweeted them all in order , the tracklist is looking a little something like this : last year was complicated follows 2014 ’ s nick jonas , and it ’ ll be the first of his albums that isn ’ t self - titled .", "tove lo , big sean , ty dolla $ ign , and allen iverson will all appear on the record in some capacity .", "stay tuned for more info on what could be the most emotional nick jonas record to date .", "© 2017 viacom international inc . all rights reserved .", "mtv and all related titles and logos are trademarks of viacom international inc . electronic musician guitar player keyboard magazine guitar aficionado guitar world keyboard mi pro music week more . . . by visiting www .", "2016grammyalbum .", "com or www .", "cbs .", "com , fans will have through jan . 21st to enter this year ’ s contest for a chance to win a trip for two to the 58th annual grammy awards ® .", "* the 58th annual grammy awards will be held on monday , feb . 15 at staples center in los angeles , and will be broadcast live on cbs from 8 — 11 : 30 p . m . ( et / pt ) . \"", "uptown funk feat .", "bruno mars \" \" see you again \" feat .", "charlie puth ( from furious 7 ) * no purchase necessary to enter or win .", "visit 2016grammyalbum .", "com or www .", "cbs .", "com for details and eligibility requirements .", "marisa bianco / republic records / 212 .", "331 .", "2030 / marisa .", "bianco @ umusic .", "com neda azarfar / the recording academy / 310 .", "392 .", "3777 / neda .", "azarfar @ grammy .", "com andie cox / the recording academy / 310 .", "392 .", "3777 / andie .", "cox @ grammy .", "com a division of universal music group , the world ' s leading music company , republic is home to an all - star roster of multi - platinum , award - winning legends and superstar artists such as ariana grande , black sabbath , colbie caillat , florence + the machine , godsmack , gotye , james blake , james bay , john mellencamp , keith richards , nickelback , of monsters and men , owl city , seth macfarlane , among many others .", "founded by brothers and chief executives monte and avery lipman , it is also comprised of innovative business ventures including american recordings ( the avett brothers ) , brushfire ( jack johnson ) , cash money ( lil wayne , drake , nicki minaj ) , chase records ( austin mahone ) , john varvatos records ( zac brown band ) , lava records ( jessie j , lorde ) , monkeywrench ( pearl jam ) , casablanca records ( tïesto ) , nbc ' s the voice , xo ( the weeknd ) , photo finish records ( misterwives ) , school boy records ( psy , sheppard ) , among others .", "in addition , republic maintains a long - standing strategic alliance with country powerhouse big machine label group which is comprised of big machine records ( rascal flatts , taylor swift , tim mcgraw ) , dot records ( maddie + tae ) , and republic nashville ( the band perry , florida georgia line , the eli young band ) .", "established in 1957 , the recording academy is an organization of musicians , songwriters , producers , engineers , and recording professionals dedicated to improving the cultural condition and quality of life for music and its makers .", "internationally known for the grammy awards — the preeminent peer - recognized award for musical excellence and the most credible brand in music — the recording academy is responsible for groundbreaking professional development , cultural enrichment , advocacy , education , and human services programs .", "the academy continues to focus on its mission of recognizing musical excellence , advocating for the well - being of music makers and ensuring music remains an indelible part of our culture .", "for more information about the academy , please visitwww .", "grammy .", "com .", "for breaking news and exclusive content , follow @ thegrammys on twitter , \" like “ the grammys \" on facebook and join the grammys ' social communities on google + , instagram , tumblr , and youtube .", "you might also like . . . abbey road studios backs audio gear and services marketplace . . . wizdom music & moforte announce the release of geoshred version 2 .", "5 copyright © 2017 by newbay media , llc .", "all rights reserved .", "28 east 28th street , 12th floor , new york , ny 10016 t ( 212 ) 378 - 0400 f ( 212 ) 378 - 0470 pianist michael kocour ' s title tune kicks things off with a swinging swagger .", "there ' s a round of solos for all the horns , punctuated by a group passage introducing the piano solo : just like a little big band .", "alto saxophonist will campbell ' s \" the swinger and the saint \" is more swinger than saint , and gives bassist jon hamar his first solo turn .", "tenor saxophonist matt olson was in a ballad mood for this outing . \"", "low talk \" has support from drummer dom moio ' s tom - toms , while \" purple lilac \" features trumpeter vern sielert playing the theme solo before eventually being joined by the other horns . \"", "none the wiser \" shows off sielert ' s composing , featuring exciting call and response between the horns along with a fine drum solo .", "hamar ' s \" folk tune \" is a chamber jazz waltz , an arrangement far more artful than the title would suggest .", "the theme isn ' t quite folk - like to my ears , but it is haunting , with a rhythmic structure that gives the band a lot to explore .", "the closer , kocour ' s \" sense of semantics \" continues in a similarly deliberate , thoughtful vein .", "good as they sounded out of the gate , the sextet is even stronger and more self - assured here .", "the experience of playing together seems to have inspired everyone to richer composing and arranging .", "they swing hard when they want to , but they explore other areas as well .", "here ' s hoping for a third installment .", "please enable javascript to view the comments powered by disqus .", "clarity by david a . orthmann beauty , love and justice : living a coltranian life dr . cornel west : a real - life superhero cd / lp / track review mt .", "crushmore i love jazz because of its freedom , i love the sound possibilities and its spontaneous character .", "we inform jazz fans and alert them to local shows .", "and while we ' re at it , we ' re improving audience attendance and building active jazz communities worldwide .", "albaniaalgeriaandorraangolaanguillaantigua / barbudaargentinaarmeniaarubaaustraliaaustriaazerbaijanbahamasbahrainbangladeshbarbadosbelarusbelgiumbelizebeninbermudabhutanboliviabosnia / herzegowinabotswanabrazilbrunei darussalambulgariaburkina fasoburundicambodiacamerooncanadacape verdecayman islandscentral african republicchilechinacolombiacongocosta ricacroatiacubacyprusczechiadenmarkdjiboutidominican republicecuadoregyptel salvadorequatorial guineaestoniaethiopiafijifinlandfrancefrench polynesiagermanyghanagibraltargreecegrenadaguadeloupeguatemalaguyanahaitihondurashong konghungaryicelandindiaindonesiairan ( islamic republic of ) iraqirelandisraelitalyjamaicajapanjerseykazakhstankenyakuwaitkyrgyzstanlao people ' s democratic republiclatvialebanonliechtensteinlithuanialuxembourgmacaumacedoniamadagascarmalawimalaysiamalimaltamartiniquemauritaniamauritiusmayottemexicomicronesia ( federated states of ) moldova , republic ofmonacomongoliamontenegromoroccomozambiquenamibianepalnetherlandsnetherlands antillesnew caledonianew zealandnicaraguanigerianorth koreanorwayomanpakistanpanamaparaguayperuphilippinespolandportugalpuerto ricoqatarromaniarussian federationrwandasamoasan marinosaudi arabiasenegalserbia , republic ofseychellessingaporeslovakiasloveniasomaliasouth africasouth koreaspainsri lankasudanswazilandswedenswitzerlandsyrian arab republictaiwan , province of chinatajikistantanzania , united republic ofthailandtogotrinidad / tobagotunisiaturkeyturkmenistantuvaluugandaukraineunited arab emiratesunited kingdomunited statesuruguayuzbekistanvatican city state ( holy see ) venezuelaviet namvirgin islands ( british ) virgin islands ( u . s . ) yemenyugoslaviazairezambiazimbabwe one moment , you will be redirected shortly .", "membership has its privileges !", "sign up or sign in to gain full access to both all about jazz and jazz near you .", "learn more .", "aaj proafrican jazzafrobeat diariesall about jazz : south africaanatomy of a standardask kenback roads beatbailey ' s bundlesbeauty , love and justice : living a coltranian lifebehind the lens with . . . best of / year endbig band caravanbig band in the skybig band reportbig jazz nerdbill anschell ' s notes from the lobbyblues deluxebook excerptsbook reviewsbuilding a jazz librarybuilt to soundcatching up withcd / lp / track reviewcompare & contrastconfessions of a piano playercontemporary vibescontributor newscool vic filescymbalismdan ' s dendigital musicdiscographydownload reviewsdrum addictiondvd / film reviewsextended analysisfirst impressionsfirst time i sawforgotten findsfre - formationfrom far and widefrom the inside outfuture jazzfuture theory , future practicegeneral articlesgenius guide to jazzgetting into jazzgnome notesguilty pleasuresguitarist ' s rendezvoushardly strictly jazzhi - res jazzhighly opinionatedhistory of jazzimprovise !", "in picturesin the artist ' s own wordsin the bizin the studiointerviewinterzonejazz and the netjazz artjazz biofilesjazz emergesjazz fictionjazz for kidsjazz from the vinyl junkyardjazz goes to collegejazz humorjazz in the aquarian agejazz journaljazz near mejazz poetryjazz primerjazz questjazz raconteursjazz that scratches , swings and popsjazz uncorkedjazzin ' around europejazzlife ukjazzmatazzjourney into jazzlate night thoughts on jazzliner noteslisten to this !", "live from new yorklive from philadelphialive reviewslondon callingmaking musicmeet the staffmegaphonemixed tapemr .", "p . c . 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[ [ "history", "initially the album , recorded at various concerts in the uk between 1989 and 1991 , was intended as an introductory album for the canadian market , at a time when harper appeared to be contemplating a move to the north american continent . the album features 12 of the 14 tracks originally released on 1992s limited edition ( 2 , 000 ) cassette release born in captivity ii . the tracks ' running order ' has been altered from the original cassette version too . harper ' s son nick harper , makes guest appearances playing guitar on a number of songs , and english cricketer graeme fowler makes an appearance playing drums on the song \" hope \" . the cd was reissued with a different cover in 1995 on harper ' s label , science friction ( hucd020 ) . again , two tracks ( one song , \" short and sweet \" and one poem , \" yet \" ) were omitted from the cd reissue . the album has remained popular with harper fans due to its sound quality , song selection and the standard of performance recorded . it is very true to the ' live experience ' . the album ' s title unhinged , was a play on the title of the popular mtv series , \" unplugged \" ." ] ]

[ "< EOT > that pat martino ' s new live at yoshi ' s is a stunning display of jazz - guitar prowess should come as no surprise to anyone familiar with the six - string legend .", "that the disc is one of those lucky live albums that captures a night when everything seemed to be falling into place for martino and his trio of organist joey defrancesco and drummer billy hart is perhaps more than even the guitarist ' s most ardent admirers could have hoped for .", "defrancesco and hart are both predictably awe - inspiring , but it ' s the telepathic chemistry between the three band members and the understandably thrilled audience that really blasts live at yoshi ' s into a higher realm of live jazz albums .", "the trio ' s interplay on the laid - back version of \" all blues \" seems to reach a new peak with each chorus , culminating in martino ' s beautiful closing unaccompanied cadenza , and the guitarist and defrancesco seem to inspire each other to ever greater heights on the ballad \" welcome to a prayer . \"", "those enamored of martino ' s fleet - fingered heroics will have plenty to feast on here - - from the breakneck tempo of the opening \" oleo \" to the hard - swinging \" el hombre , \" martino and defrancesco trade lines with an assurance that few musicians can muster .", "martino has one of the more inspirational personal stories in music .", "a guitar legend in the ' 70s , he had to completely relearn the instrument after a near - fatal brain aneurysm in 1980 - - and he can now lay claim to one of the more inspirational live albums released in years .", "- - ezra gale the other highlight of the trip was catching pat martino ’ s organ trio at birdland .", "this was my second opportunity to see martino live , and i was once again blown away ; the man ’ s combination of old - school soul and awe - inspiring chops is unmatched .", "besides being a legendary picker , pat has a fascinating backstory that makes his music all the more inspiring .", "i waited for an autograph after the show , and he ’ s also one of the warmest and most likable musicians you ’ ll ever meet .", "besides catching him live , make sure to pick up martino ’ s latest release , a ( formerly ) bootleg live recording from 1969 appropriately titled young guns .", "pat martino - live at yoshi ' s - amazon .", "com music this item : live at yoshi ' s by pat martino audio cd $ 11 .", "98 stream live at yoshi ' s by pat martino and tens of millions of other songs on all your devices with amazon music unlimited .", "exclusive discount for prime members .", "pat martino is easily one of the best guitarists today .", "if you have never heard of him , then you are probably normal , as it is true that many good musicians go overlooked .", "don ' t let that stop you .", "be your own person .", "if you like this stuff , be cool enough to get it , and don ' t follow the crowd .", "people that like jimmy smith , niacin , medeski martin and wood , or soulive might check out this album as it has that good old hammond b3 organ sound .", "the opening track on this album is cookin ' with speed , catchiness and cool that it alone makes the album worth getting .", "this is also an album that is good for listening to with women .", "it ' s not that every track is lovey dovey .", "i probably wouldn ' t recommend this so highly if that were the case .", "some of it is slow and moody , sometimes it is fast and bumpin ' .", "my wife complains about a lot of the music i like , but i can put in live at yoshi ' s and she won ' t say a word .", "there is a hint of the much - trumpeted sameness between numbers .", "eighty minutes is a fairly exhausting amount of time , whatever the variety of instruments .", "however , just when the interest starts to drift , martino et al .", "crank things up a gear or veer off into a delightful side road and you are fully alert once more .", "i am biased as i love this type of music — partly because of its lowly status , i must admit .", "if you share that affection , this comes out second best only to seeing the trio live .", "even for the more skeptical , purely at the level of technique it can hardly fail to register .", "fans of the electric guitar in any of its manifestations will marvel at the ease with which martino organises his solos and makes the changes .", "hopefully , once caught by that , the passion and the groove will take over .", "if not , i ’ d stick to chamber music .", "i ' ve seen pat at yoshi ' s on more than one occasion , twice with joey d . these guys really cook and there are some great \" trading fours \" sections .", "i saw larry coryell a while ago with the same cats - joey d and billy hart - biggest difference was larry playing a solo acoustic version of ravel ' s \" bolero \" ; a tour - de - force that brought the house down .", "i wish they had recorded pat at yoshi ' s when he had a quartet with mike pedicin on tenor - another great sax player from philly . . . pat ' s sound is unmistakable , clear as a bell , kind of round in the bass register attributed to heavy gauge strings .", "i don ' t think pat has ever used a distortion pre amp , though he does use a solid body guitar .", "some exault pat for playing with dexterity , admire his ability to play through changes .", "some wonder what he would sound like if he played slower : > ) pat has been a driving force who has shown every one how it can be done .", "martino live shows pats agility acompanied by organ . \"", "oleo \" is a classic recorded by many jazz artists , and is the first song on this cd this is a good example of pats approach to substituting different tonalities , much of the soloing is in bb7 , where lydian b7 iv of melodic minor , and mixolydian the v of major , work well .", "blue in green , the miles tune , shows pats ability to build from slow melodic playing , to faster speed and tension .", "blue in green is simple but effective .", "which can be said about many miles davis compositions .", "let ’ s deal with the deficiencies first .", "this is no “ envelope pushing ” session .", "if you can ’ t stand jack mcduff , charles earland , jimmy mcgriff or richard “ groove ” holmes then you will hate organist joey defrancesco , who is as crucial to this recording as martino .", "secondly , if the guitar / hammond format appears too restrictive in the extreme facets , i suggest you take heed of the following .", "think of this as much as a rhythm and blues form as a jazz one .", "now , noone ’ s going to tell me that electric guitar and organ aren ’ t apt vehicles for the blues .", "on an even more basic level , the secret to enjoying outings like this is turn the volume up .", "only then will the barrage of sound sweep you away as it should .", "one of the reasons why people love this music live but get tired of it on the stereo is that they treat it as background music or as a normal acoustic trio .", "totally wrong .", "this is music to annoy the neighbours with .", "veritas art show featuring the photography of local photographer nick martino , live music .", "children welcome .", "el hombre ( remastered ) by pat martino audio cd $ 9 .", "99 undeniable by pat martino audio cd $ 13 .", "31 i always see pat martino when he comes to town ( yoshi ' s is his favorite venue in northern california ) and i always see joey defrancesco when he comes to town , so it was very . . . read more personally , i think wes montgomery and pat martino are both fabulous .", "to compare them is silly and irrelevant .", "they are both stupendous musicians .", "read more in popular music the word “ survivor ” is attached to almost anyone who gets past one - hit wonder status .", "in guitarist pat martino ’ s case the word carries a newer and truer meaning .", "a brain aneurysm in the early ‘ 80s meant that he lost all memory regarding music .", "not only was he unaware of his status as a highly regarded figure in the jazz world but he had no knowledge whatsoever of the instrument that had made him famous .", "the road back was hard and painstaking .", "so when i tell you that the 57 - year - old philadelphian is in better form than ever it is no mere platitude about a veteran performer .", "martino ’ s ability to improvise and trade licks at pace constantly impresses and his comrades lose little in comparison .", "apart from the rollins cover i would highlight “ el hombre ” as a tasty example of funk on the run .", "this is a truly turbo - charged ride and the one point where the mighty hammond will not be bested — defrancesco leaves all in his wake .", "overwhelming in the most exhilarating way .", "martino then playfully applies the brakes , executing some of the most melodic of runs before a brief spurt to the finish .", "if you like trio jazz based on guitar and organ then this is the business .", "bought on the basis of some background research and sampling but well worth the wait for delivery from the states .", "while a live album the quality and balance are good and the audience doesn ' t intrude on the music .", "hammond - guitar groups are open to criticism but at their finest have a particular raw power .", "to which i would add that if this is not the best example currently to be heard then i want to hear the superior act .", "live at yoshi ’ s seems to me to embody all the virtues and very few of the vices of a public , if not a highbrow , favourite among jazz set - ups .", "it is not completely free of the much publicised generic limitations but the upbeat numbers swing like an axe and the slower tunes have that smoky , late - night atmosphere that remind you why you got into jazz in the first place .", "senior show & celebration : this is the tenth year for pca & d ’ s senior show & celebration .", "we believe it is lancaster ’ s largest one - day gallery event by a single organization .", "on may 3 from 5 – 9 p . m . , the class of 2013 will fill five floors of the college – over 60 , 000 square feet – with senior thesis projects .", "join us for art , live music , family and friends .", "over 1000 people enjoy the celebratory spirit that makes our senior show & celebration unique in the community .", "works included will represent various media , including animation and motion graphics , wearable art , graphic design , photography , illustration , painting , 3d works , printmaking , and more .", "many items are for sale .", "acoustic album review americana amps best of 2012 blues boston bruce springsteen canada country music diy ed bickert effects pedals fender gear gibson gospel guitar guitar effects guitar gear guitarist guitar repair guitars indie jazz jim campilongo johnny cash live music lutherie m . ward music music review no depression picks practice review telecaster tone travel vintage pat was doing fast horn speed lines on guitar back in the 60 ' s , and has a wealth of theory applications he is sharing with the world on his website .", "4 .", "0 out of 5 starsthe four stars are for martino .", "my favorite organ trio recording .", "guitarist martino is the nominal leader , but organist joey d . gets equal time and takes some fantastic solos .", "76 minutes of great jazz .", "actually the uniformity of both hammond and jazz guitar has been greatly exaggerated .", "lonnie smith sounds no more like charles earland than bud powell sounds like oscar peterson .", "for the record , defrancesco - martino is more earland - meets - an - amplified - wes montgomery than anything else .", "drummer billy hart also adds an energy and a presence you don ’ t often get from percussionists within this genre .", "all three are totally fired up and if audience response is any gauge it must have been some night .", "from a breakneck take on sonny rollins ’ “ oleo ” to the complete abandonment of the long closing track ( “ catch ” ) everything pumps along like a steam engine .", "introspective this is not — even the moody tunes seem bursting to move up a gear — and occasionally do indeed break out into something more motorised .", "“ all blues ” and “ blue in green ” may seem lame choices for the down - tempo pieces but are , as it happens , inspired .", "“ all blues ” in particular is so well handled that in future i can see it becoming a certainty in the hammond repertoire .", "“ welcome to a prayer ” also deserves mention .", "very “ round midnight ” - ish — it shows the group off nicely and martino ’ s fluid style to perfection .", "there is actually quite a chunk of the 80 minutes running time devoted to the bluesy ballad side of the street but such is the exuberance of the more fiery cuts that they seem like brief pauses for breath .", "martino , whose career stretches right back to supplying rock ‘ n ’ roll licks for the likes of chubby checker and bobby darin , first made his mark playing with some of the ‘ 60s ’ best known organ combos .", "even the most nostalgically inclined will have to admit that this current line - up is the equal to any of them .", "but remember — play it loud .", "this is not a catalog .", "this is a discographical tool for researchers .", "i have no idea how to obtain these records .", "brian w . burgess < burgebw @ execpc .", "com > allan moss < allan .", "moss @ wales .", "gsi .", "gov .", "uk > chuck nessa < cnessa @ earthlink .", "net > last stitt sessions , the vol .", "1 last stitt sessions , the vol .", "2 sings the nat king cole songbook vol .", "2 dark red indicates reissued material - from jazztime , cobblestone , douglas , seven seas and mercury labels ( and even earlier muse issues , as can be seen ) .", "= signifies exact duplication , ~ signifies that there are slight differences in content ( added bonus tracks , for example ) .", "muse material has since been reissued on 32 jazz .", "comments , additions , corrections via e - mail to jazzlabels @ jazzdiscography .", "com .", "return to the label listings project homepage .", "listen to any song , anywhere with amazon music unlimited .", "learn more your amazon music account is currently associated with a different marketplace .", "to enjoy prime music , go to your music library and transfer your account to amazon .", "com ( us ) .", "ships from and sold by amazon .", "com .", "gift - 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r recordable media .", "amazon .", "com ' s standard return policy will apply .", "sold by amazon digital services llc .", "additional taxes may apply .", "by placing your order , you agree to our terms of use .", "average customer review : 4 .", "2 out of 5 stars 27 customer reviews 5 .", "0 out of 5 starsif you like trio jazz based on guitar and organ then this . . . for all the hype i ' ve read in other reviews of this album , i expected great things ( and was not let down by pm .", "but by the backing b3 accompaniment .", "for all the superlatives others found in this b3 performer , i found that part of the album to be most wanting .", "b3 player : eddy louiss .", "he has a collaboration on a french label paired with a most worthy partner , playing accordion or bandoneon , the album is a real sleeper , both men are listening to each other , each coaxing the best from the other .", "the album is titled : \" face to face \" .", "it caused quite a ' stir ' in a group of audiophile friends of mine .", "worth a listen by anyone reading this .", "a real swinger .", "good listening .", "11 comment | 2 people found this helpful .", "was this review helpful to you ?", "yesnoreport abuse 4 .", "0 out of 5 starsa hammond b3 treasure .", "0comment | one person found this helpful .", "was this review helpful to you ?", "yesnoreport abuse published on may 11 , 2008 by manley | vertical lessons .", "com i started my college career as a music major at a historically african american university .", "so i have personal experience with reverse discrimination when it comes to great white . . . read more published on august 31 , 2006 by charles m . daniel pages with related products .", "see and discover other items : blue note jazz there ' s a problem loading this menu right now .", "learn more about amazon prime .", "prime members enjoy free two - day shipping and exclusive access to music , movies , tv shows , original audio series , and kindle books .", "we all know how critical it is to keep independent voices alive and strong on the internet .", "please consider a donation to support our work .", "we are a wholly independent , women - owned , small company .", "your donation will help popmatters stay viable through these changing , challenging times where costs have risen and advertising has dropped precipitously .", "popmatters needs your help to keep publishing .", "thank you .", "please enable javascript to view the comments powered by disqus .", "built around a long , wholly - improvised concert performance , this solo piano recital from fred hersch . . . anticipation runs high and there ’ s a sense of history in the air as fans fill the famed mountain a . . . the horrors get their mojo back with songs to match the swagger . . . . on the band ' s third album , there is a constant search for a frequency that is thrilling and a commit . . . their voices blend together well , especially on the title song .", "the roughness of stephen stills ’ l . . . randy newman puts together a variety show with comedy , tragedy , and romance ( and , yeah , some farce ) . . . . the elements represents joe henderson ’ s sole full immersion into the avant - garde , with help from a . . . \" on the elusive yet clearly existential sadness that adds layers and textures to music .", "e pluribus , plur .", "electric zoo 2017 embodies festival diversity ( photos ) deer tick ' s acoustic clusterfolk newport after party previews ' vol .", "1 ' © 1999 - 2017 popmatters .", "com .", "all rights reserved .", "popmatters is wholly independently owned and operated .", "in place : lancaster city photographs : fine art color photographic prints presenting the visual richness that lancaster city offers to those who take the time to see it .", "artist patrick j . cooney will be present .", "exhibit runs through may 31 . recent works by denn hollandsmith : photography .", "north queen street between orange and chestnut sts .", "“ parked ” is a collaborative , one - year , photography exhibit by ole and taylor .", "unlike your art galleries , museums , college campuses , and cafes , “ parked ” is housed inside a u - haul truck .", "meet the artists , ole hongvanthong and taylor brown , friday 6 - 9 , saturday 10 - 5 and sunday 12 - 4 . wolfson presents : an amazing gathering of mixed media .", "solo exhibit by brian wolfson .", "new works by jen harnish , karen chandler , carrie speicher , lori lee , tom valentine , mark van scyoc , lourdes torres - shepard , bob haldeman , jamie hecker , jim glick , leslie scott , spindle & spire , francoise nagel , loryn spangler - jones , ted rasmussen , ray kellen .", "artists will be present .", "illuminado : wowzer room solo exhibit by kathy carraballo , featuring her captivating mixed media and photography .", "featured participant in the international event : slow art day , april 27 , 2013 . reflections & light : photography with pure light , no digital manipulation or enhancement done to produce images .", "artist cindy myers will be present .", "exhibit runs through april 30th .", "in the museum ’ s companion space at 116 e . king street , photography students from the pennsylvania college of art & design will host an exhibition of photography installations .", "introducing the photography of courtney lapp in her first exhibit : photography by courtney lapp .", "exhibit runs through april 30 . christopher j kulfan : neither here nor there : a fine art photography exhibit which includes found art series , nature photography , urban exploration and records of daily life .", "exhibit runs through april 30 . we are happy to begin our spring student artist exhibitions with a solo show of work by nissley award winner , stephanie lifshutz ’ 13 . stephanie ’ s independent study concerns photojournalism as a fine art .", "her studies include photos from central park , brooklyn bridge park and coney island , all places with which she is familiar and has personal connection to .", "she alters her photographs through the process of silkscreen , producing works of art that reveal her technical skill in the paintstaking process , while conveying her sensitivity and the integrity of her subjects .", "the exhibition runs from april 2 through april 21 . you are invited to attend the reception to be held in her honor on friday , april 5 at 4 : 45 p . m . in the dana gallery .", "“ yes my man ron carter is on the bass ” — i ’ m not too ashamed to admit that my introduction to bassist ron carter came via a tribe called quest .", "that was probably ten years ago , and i wasn ’ t listening to much jazz at the time .", "little did i know that “ verses from the abstract ” was just the ( q - ) tip of the ron carter iceberg ; the man has anchored a ton of groundbreaking music ( check out any recording by the second great miles davis quintet ) , claiming over 2000 album credits .", "i was lucky enough to catch ron carter and his golden striker trio this past weekend at bohemian caverns .", "carter is still on top of his game at 77 years young , holding down the low end with some of the most distinctive and emotive lines ever plucked on four strings .", "the current lineup includes donald vega on piano and russell malone on guitar .", "malone ’ s signature bluesy lead lines and hard - swinging comping have made him an in - demand sideman for the likes of sonny rollins and diana krall ; not surprisingly , he ’ s masterfully adept at responding to carter ’ s subtle harmonic cues .", "ron carter is always in his element opposite guitar players — check out alone together with jim hall or the 2006 eponymous trio recording with bill frisell and paul motian .", "i ’ m officially back from my winter blogging hiatus , with a backlog of posts waiting for prime time .", "i like to think my excuses were legitimate — foremost among them being preparation for my first gig in at least eight years !", "my jazz band masterclass performed for the first time last week at jazzy ’ s in bowie , maryland .", "the repertoire included tunes by wayne shorter , antonio carlos jobim , and andy timmons , and i was using all my free time to get my chops up to speed .", "i ’ m looking forward to a few more gigs this summer .", "i also vacationed to new york city a couple weeks ago , which included a few guitar - themed diversions .", "the metropolitan museum of art is currently hosting an amazing collection of 35 early american guitars , including an assortment of pre - civil war martins ( the earliest known martin , from 1834 , is pictured above ) .", "the exhibit was clearly designed with input from guitar geeks , because the descriptions included detailed technical analysis of the instruments — particularly the evolution of c . f . martin ’ s bracing pattern from the spanish - style fan to the x - brace reinforcing the top of most contemporary steel strings .", "i ’ m working on a couple “ best of ” album lists for 2013 , including best guitar and best americana albums ( to be cross - posted on no depression ) .", "in the mean time , i ’ ll share my favorite track of the year .", "there ’ s not a guitar to be heard on “ when love was king ” from gregory porter ’ s liquid spirit .", "it ’ s no matter , because every guitarist picking a ballad or slow blues can learn something from the man ’ s careful phrasing , vocal timbre , and masterful use of dynamics .", "guitarists often try to emulate aspects of the human voice on their instrument , but rarely do they achieve anything quite this sublime .", "happy new year !", "it was only about halfway into the mary halvorson quintet ’ s december 19th set at albuquerque ’ s outpost performance space , on a new tune provisionally titled “ no .", "51 , ” that the guitarist herself took an extended solo break .", "her spidery lines , liberally sprinkled with altered tones and creatively dancing around the meter , revealed a musician more than up to the task of jazz improvisation .", "however , any effort to judge halvorson on solo merits alone is completely missing the point .", "mary with her vintage united code franken - guitar in 2011 ; she played the unique instrument through a twin reverb at the outpost gig .", "photo by andy newcombe .", "so “ joy spring ” by the late great clifford brown is actually a pretty cool tune .", "the title is a little ironic given the temperature plunge in dc the past couple weeks .", "also , brown was a trumpet player and clearly didn ’ t write with the fretboard in mind .", "there ’ s just no ergonomically friendly way to approach the melody ; you ’ re either stretching to grab the intervals , making liberal use of the weak 4th finger ( pinky ) , and / or shifting position every few measures .", "in fact , taking on “ joy spring ” — or any tune written for another instrument — is a great exercise for guitarists , albeit with considerable frustration potential .", "i ’ m working the tune because i was recently bumped up a level in the jazz band masterclass program , which feels really good given how much time i ’ ve been putting in on the instrument .", "it does mean a whole new repertoire though .", "in addition to “ joy spring , ” the group is tackling other timeless standards including “ witch hunt , ” “ nothing personal , ” “ how high the moon , ” and “ moanin ’ .", "” these tunes span the swing , bop , post - bop , and modern eras , and are each challenging in their own way .", "as a guitarist in an ensemble context , my role is primarily rhythmic and harmonic .", "however , on “ joy spring ” in particular , i ’ ve set a personal goal of being able to keep up with the horns in belting out the melody .", "following up on my last post , the new yorker has one of the best jim hall tributes i ’ ve read so far .", "like one of jim ’ s solos , it hits all the right notes and gets straight to the point .", "also , if you don ’ t yet have any jim hall albums in your collection , any of the collaborations cited in the essay are a great place to start ( i ’ m partial to “ the bridge ” by sonny rollins ) .", "legendary jazz musician jim hall passed away tuesday at age 83 . others are better qualified to eulogize the man , but suffice to say modern jazz guitar would sound pretty different absent his influence .", "he gigged , composed , and recorded well up until the end , which is inspirational in and of itself .", "goodbye jim .", "the video is a little rough , but ny - based sheryl bailey really kills it on this rendition of gershwin ’ s “ the man i love .", "” single note lines , chord soloing , dissonant altered tones — it ’ s pretty much all there in her astonishingly well - crafted solo .", "sheryl has a new organ trio album due out new years day .", "i ’ ve had her big band album a new promise in pretty consistent rotation since it came out in 2011 , and i ’ m looking forward to the new small combo lp .", "bailey is adept in a variety of band formats , while also being a prolific writer / composer .", "her instructional material on truefire is also worth checking out .", "the jazz guitar scene ( in keeping with the broader guitar scene ) isn ’ t exactly known for gender balance .", "that said , beginning with emily remler in the 1980s , women have represented some of the more notable and forward - looking jazz pickers .", "sheryl is certainly one example , profiled as a “ rising star ” in downbeat ’ s 2013 critics poll .", "avant gard - ist mary halvorson ( also featured in the critics poll ) continues to enjoy a great deal of critical acclaim for her chops and abstract compositional approach .", "and don ’ t forget mimi fox , one of my favorite latter - day purveyors of straight - ahead jazz guitar — whether leading a combo or carrying on joe pass ’ s legacy in solo settings .", "i recently picked up the complete jazz guitar by jim hall .", "the trio date , with carl perkins on piano and red mitchell on bass , was his 1957 debut as a leader .", "it ’ s a solid bop set and an interesting footnote in the development of hall ’ s sound .", "his playing is restrained , melodically grounded , and only beginning to reveal shades of the subtle complexity that would lead him to loom large in the evolution of jazz guitar .", "from the standpoint of a jazz student like myself , the complete jazz guitar also helps jim seem a little more mortal ; his sound and technique on the album is something i feel i can aspire to and achieve — less daunting than his masterful accompaniment of sonny rollins on the bridge , for instance .", "to that end , my jazz instruction in dc is off to a good start .", "the lessons with steve herberman are kicking my ass — in a good way .", "we ’ ve been dissecting one of my favorite standards , “ autumn leaves ” , which has involved some painstaking ( but illuminating ) arpeggio and scale etudes , intervalic exercises with the melody , and even a little transcription ( see the cannonball adderley album somethin ’ else for one of my favorite versions of the tune ) .", "i highly recommend steve as a teacher ; besides just being a super down - to - earth guy , he ’ s also very enthusiastic about teaching and accommodating of your personal goals as a student .", "i also attended my first “ jazz band masterclass ” this week ; the jazz ensemble program comes via sax player jeff antoniuk and his local cadre of master instructors .", "i ’ ll have the opportunity to sit in with a full band every other week and receive expert guidance on the ins and outs of jazz performance .", "this week our guest instructor was brazilian bassist — and montgomery college artist in residence — leonardo lucini , who shared theoretical and stylistic perspective on navigating the samba standard “ so nice , ” among other tunes .", "it was a good first class , and i ’ m looking forward to future sessions .", "in the mean time , back to the woodshed … last year , john abercrombie released an album of standards that appeared on my 2012 shortlist of favorite jazz guitar albums .", "his 2013 followup is a collection of mostly originals , performed by a quartet featuring mark copland on piano , drew gress on bass , and joey baron on drums .", "39 steps shares the contemplative , acoustic vibe of the standards album , but demonstrates that abercrombie is still a cutting - edge innovator among modern jazz pickers .", "the addition of copland sets 39 steps apart from much of abercrombie ’ s latter - day output , in which he is often the sole chordal instrument .", "copland ( a saxophonist turned pianist ) has a sparse , open sound that melds well with the guitarist .", "the album ’ s tone is set by the ethereal opening tune “ vertigo , ” followed by a swinging yet still - cerebral “ lst .", "” other reviews have noted shades of bill evans in this album .", "indeed , fans of the village vanguard recordings , or evans ’ telepathic collaborations with jim hall , will find much to enjoy in the chemistry of this quartet .", "great footage of the basie band , circa 1965 . freddie green ’ s archtop comping comes through nicely in the mix .", "green was the band ’ s metronome for five decades , arguably as pivotal to the band ’ s sound as basie himself , or any of the all - star soloists that filtered through the lineup .", "notably , he almost never took a lead — not because he wasn ’ t capable , but because he saw himself first and foremost as a member of the rhythm section .", "green ’ s rock - steady , harmonically sparse chord playing is still a model for swing and bop guitar , particularly in contexts where guitar and piano occupy the same space .", "i think most guitar players , regardless of genre , can take a cue from freddie green .", "back in college , i used to play in the house band for a weekly blues jam .", "every week , i encountered players who could wail on a solo , but often phoned it in when it was time to comp and pass the spotlight to other players .", "besides being bad form ( and a great way to earn the ire of the band ) , that lack of rhythmic attention usually creeps into solo lines that are long on notes but short on groove ( i . e . tedious ) .", "i ’ ve been seeking out jazz albums where the guitarist plays a primarily supporting role .", "lee konitz with warne marsh is a great example ; the two iconic sax players take center stage , supported by sal mosca on piano , oscar pettiford on bass , kenny clarke on drums , and billy bauer on guitar .", "bauer is one of the unsung guitar heroes of the swing - to - bop transition , having recorded with luminaries like benny goodman , lennie tristano , and charlie parker .", "he could play a mean lead ( evidenced on his only solo album , plectrist ) , but takes a backseat on the konitz / marsh meeting , providing warm chordal backing for the blowers .", "rhythm - seekers should also check out coleman hawkins ’ the hawk flies high , which features barry galbraith on guitar .", "galbraith only has one short ( yet tasty ) solo on the album , but his rhythm playing throughout is solidly rooted in the freddie green tradition .", "n . o . s . – a guitar music blog .", "a blog about guitars , guitarists , and guitar music .", "joe gore ( tonefiend .", "com ) <EOS>" ]

[ [ "reception", "allmusic awarded the album 4½ stars stating \" martino performs music that falls between advanced hard bop , fusion and the avant - garde without really fitting into any of the genres . well worth several listens \" ." ] ]

[ "< EOT > en vogue got all dolled up in their finest girl - group threads for funky divas , looking sharp and looking for love along the border of hip - hop and r & b . they flaunt their vocal pizazz from the crowd - pleasing flash of \" my lovin & apos ; ( you & apos ; re never gonna get it \" and \" free your mind \" to the succulent soul of \" give it up , turn it loose . \"", "the en vogue ladies had enough nerve to revamp a tune that curtis mayfield wrote for aretha franklin , and enough talent to bring it off — they made \" giving him something he can feel \" sound weightless and dreamlike and sticky with bliss , as pure a summer pleasure as the radio gave up all decade .", "beginning in the early 1970s , a small army of female funk - rock performers that included chaka khan , betty davis , labelle , mother ’ s finest , brides of funkenstein , parlet , teena marie and other funky divas delighted in pushing the aural envelope .", "“ those early funk performers put a lot of passion and artistry into what they were doing , ” says joi , the southern funky soul singer currently living and performing in los angeles .", "“ but there is also much discipline and complexity as well .", "chaka might not have been the first female funk artist , but her success helped make it easier for women artists like joyce kennedy [ of mother ’ s finest ] , bernadette cooper [ of klymaxx ] and myself to do what we do .", "” steely dan ' s walter becker : inside his troubled life , . . . ranked on a scale from 1 to 10 , the trending score reflects the number of users reading a story in real time .", "charles bradley , acclaimed soul singer , dead . . . all 115 of taylor swift ' s songs , ranked by . . . steely dan ' s walter becker : inside his . . . see willie nelson , bonnie raitt cover ' texas . . . sign up for our newsletter to receive breaking news directly in your inbox .", "please enable javascript to sign up for the newsletter .", "we may use your e - mail address to send you the newsletter and offers that may interest you , on behalf of rolling stone and its partners .", "for more information please read our privacy policy inspired in part by the james brown revue ’ s vicki anderson , marva whitney and lyn collins , as well as sly stone ’ s baby sister rose and fellow family stone bandmate cynthia robinson , these women exploded with the intensity of a lit match tossed into a firecracker factory .", "“ women are always told what they can and cannot do , ” says dyana williams , a dj and philadelphia music personality currently spinning on old school 100 .", "3 .", "“ but the fem funk women refused to be limited .", "they were like superheroes .", "” having lived through rebellions and talk of revolution in the new america that began in the 1960s , these women brandished explosive voices that sounded laced with molotov cocktails .", "there was a strength and freedom interwoven in their funkiness , a real rawness that pierced your soul while also kicking down the doors of musical perception for other women to follow .", "unfortunately , while the importance of back in the day funk women should be written in stone , many cultural gatekeepers have collective amnesia when it comes time to celebrating the musical contributions of female funk rock artists .", "“ they were on the same level as the legends that people are always talking about , but they are often brushed aside , ” new york based singer kimberly nicole says .", "“ the funk - rock women were all great performers , but they were also bold and avant - gardists .", "” unlike parliament - funk and sly and the family stone , who are heralded with inductions into the rock and roll hall of fame , feature film documentaries and numerous articles , the same kind of respect is rarely bestowed upon the black women artists of the same caliber .", "although they never uttered the word , they were feminists fighting for equality in the studio and on the stage .", "“ the ’ 60s were over and nobody was listening to the marvelettes anymore , ” labelle ’ s manager vicki wickham recalls .", "“ female artists like labelle , who had come out of the girl group tradition , were ready to be more adventurous .", "they wanted to talk about space , revolution , social issues or whatever they could dream of .", "” while patti sang most of the leads in labelle , group member nona hendryx became the primary songwriter , penning such gems as “ you turn me on , ” “ who ’ s watching the watcher ” and “ nightbirds , ” the title track of their most popular 1974 album that also contained the hit single “ lady marmalade .", "” nona , whose latest solo album mutatis mutandis came out last year , says , “ i had always read and wrote poetry .", "in school , my first love was writing , but i was into reading the works of e . e . cummings , the brontë sisters and james weldon johnson .", "years later , i got into h . rap brown and nikki giovanni .", "one of the first songs i ever wrote was with my old friend curtis mayfield , who encouraged me as a lyricist .", "” while more established black pop performers like the supremes , the three degrees , love unlimited and others were still cooing softly in the shadows of love , proudly representing a virginal image of womanhood , labelle was waving their freak flag .", "“ we began as a traditional girl group , but later labelle broke the mold of what girl groups used to be , ” says hendryx .", "“ creatively , behind the scenes , we were more involved in the writing of the songs .", "” former family stand singer - songwriter - vocalist sandra st . victor cites “ baby love ” vocalist joyce kennedy as another mighty influence in the fem funk canon .", "“ joyce kennedy had one of those voices that was too black for rock and too rock for r & b , ” says st . victor , whose latest solo album , oya ’ s daughter , drops in september .", "“ she has a certain edge that is always amazing .", "” currently touring europe with mother ’ s finest ( who have a kickstarer campaign to raise funds for their next project ) , joyce kennedy says , “ i just wanted to do something different , to paint outside the lines .", "being different didn ’ t garner me huge record sales .", "but i do feel as though i paved the way for others to be free with their music and explore themselves .", "” kennedy catches her breath and continues .", "“ when i ’ m in front of the mic , i want to get into your guts , into your heart .", "i want you to feel as if i was totally there for you .", "” while in the ’ 70s , mother ’ s finest opened shows for aerosmith , they also played gigs with labelle , brides of funkenstein and betty davis .", "once married to famed trumpeter miles davis , who she helped transform from a jazz son to the father of fusion , betty davis ’ s brilliant self - titled debut album dropped in 1973 . in 1997 , joi began performing a cover of “ if i ’ m in luck i might get picked up , ” making a new generation aware of davis and her sonic innovations .", "in recent years , brooklyn - based singer nucomme has done a series of tributes simply called betty ’ s story .", "“ in the ’ 70s , betty only put out three albums , ” nucomme explains , “ but she was just too raw .", "america wasn ’ t ready .", "” mother ’ s finest ’ s third album , another mother further , was released in 1977 . featuring their now classic “ baby love , ” some folks began comparing kennedy to khan .", "“ well , we both had red hair at one time , ” kennedy laughs .", "“ but vocally , i ’ m nowhere near her class .", "you have to understand , that era was about women doing their own thing .", "none of us were doing exactly the same thing , so there was a love for individual talents and endeavors .", "“ we respected one another , so it was all love , all sugar .", "but please don ’ t forget about tina turner , because she was rocking for years before us .", "” of course , kennedy ’ s right .", "thinking back , i can clearly remember seeing turner in her miniskirt and heels wailing “ proud mary .", "” i recall how disturbed my grandmother became whenever she saw the singer on television .", "gazing at turner ’ s gyrating body , grandma screamed , “ she ’ s so vulgar !", "it ’ s like she ’ s having sex on the stage .", "” later , grandma ’ s word vulgar would be applied to other female artists including chaka khan , shelia e . and madonna .", "“ i blame what i call respectability politics as part of the reason the funk - rock some of the women from the ’ 70s aren ’ t better known , ” laina dawes , author of what are you doing here : a black woman ’ s life and liberation in heavy metal , explains .", "“ despite the importance of their music and presence , many of the funk - rock females represented the aggressive behavior and sexuality that many people were not comfortable with .", "” a decade later , fem funk drummer , singer , songwriter and producer bernadette cooper sipped from the same batch of courage as her predecessors when conceiving klymaxx , madame x and her own solo project .", "“ when i look back at the forming of klymaxx , it feels more like it was an out of body experience , ” cooper recalls .", "“ i remember the struggles and the sacrifice , but i also remember the camaraderie of six girls focusing on one goal .", "this is very rare and hard to find .", "“ we sent out a few demos and immediately came to the attention of solar records through an executive named margaret nash , ” cooper continues .", "“ margaret urged her boss , mr . dick griffey , to check us out .", "he came to our rehearsal , watched us play and offered us a record deal .", "” signing on the dotted line in 1981 , klymaxx released three albums before finally having a hit with their fourth , meeting in the ladies room , which featured the cooper penned single , “ the men all paused .", "” cooper remembers , “ the reaction by other male groups to us was not very good .", "they did not embrace the idea .", "this is a male - dominated business and women are not supposed to be on drums or guitars .", "” in 1987 , shortly after the group released their self - titled fifth album that contained “ sexy ” ( co - written with george clinton himself ) , copper conceived the side - project called madame x , which consisted of vocalists iris parker , valerie victoria and alisa randolph .", "cooper wrote and produced the entire project .", "inspired as much by opera ( “ cherries in the snow ” ) as she was by minneapolis funk ( “ just that type of girl ” ) , cooper crafted one of the best fem funk albums of the 1980s .", "“ freedom was my blueprint , ” cooper recalls .", "“ i had just moved forward from klymaxx , which was ruled by committee , and now i had the freedom to produce and write without any limitations .", "sylvia rhone signed the concept to atlantic records before i even found the girls .", "“ my engineer gerry brown and i crafted that project like it was the mona lisa .", "every song was from either my life or someone else around me .", "i wasn ’ t searching for a hit .", "i just wanted the project to be pure .", "the girls did all of their own vocals and the result was the creation of a new sound and group .", "” without a doubt , women like khan , kennedy , labelle , davis and cooper made it possible for post - soul artists beyoncé , lady gaga and nicki minaj to get their freak on while making millions in the process .", "says kimberly nicole , “ with the rise of the female funk singers , you could see that it was all right to be raw and wild , both on stage and vocally .", "” for many folks , including more than a few men , the dirty work of fem funk artists represented courage , and that message continues to inspire .", "cultural critic michael a . gonzales has written cover stories for vibe , uptown , essence , xxl , wax poetics and elsewhere .", "he ’ s also written for new york and the village voice .", "read him at blackadelic pop and follow him on twitter @ gonzomike .", "please enable javascript to view the comments powered by disqus .", "we are not “ old black ” nor “ new black ” \u0003 we are all black .", "© 2017 ebony media operations , llc .", "all rights reserved .", "© 2017 ebony media operations , llc .", "all rights reserved .", "© 2017 ebony media operations , llc .", "all rights reserved .", "<EOS>" ]

[ [ "background", "the lead single , \" my lovin ' ( you ' re never gonna get it ) \" , became an instant hit , peaking at # 2 on the billboard hot 100 and number 4 on the uk singles chart . the accompanying video for \" my lovin ' \" won two mtv video music awards . the song samples the funk guitar line of james brown ' s 1973 song \" the payback \" from the album of the same name . the second single , \" giving him something he can feel \" ( a cover of the aretha franklin hit from the film sparkle ) , also became a top ten hit on the us hot 100 ( and also their fifth number 1 single on the us r & b chart ) . another franklin song from sparkle , \" hooked on your love \" , is also on the album , as is a rendition of the beatles ' hit \" yesterday \" . the third single , the rock - infused \" free your mind \" , became another top ten hit . in the uk , the single made the top 20 and was backed with \" giving him something he can feel \" , which had failed to make the uk top 40 by itself earlier that year . the video for \" free your mind \" won three mtv video music awards in 1993 . by the time the fourth single , \" give it up , turn it loose \" , was released in late 1992 , the funky divas album was already certified triple platinum in the us by the riaa . the single gave the group another uk top 40 hit ( no . 22 ) . the fifth and final single released from funky divas was \" love don ' t love you \" , which was remixed for its release . the video for the single consists of clips from previous en vogue videos \" giving him something he can feel \" , \" free your mind \" , as well as two of their 1990 videos \" lies \" and \" you don ' t have to worry \" . a second edition of the album containing the later hits \" runaway love \" and \" whatta man \" ( with salt - n - pepa ) was released in the uk in 1994 . this edition of funky divas also includes remixed versions of \" hip hop lover \" , \" it ain ' t over till the fat lady sings \" , and \" love don ' t love you \" ( a different remix from the us single release in 1993 ) , along with slightly altered artwork inside the cd booklet . as with en vogue ' s first album , born to sing , funky divas includes lead vocals by each member of the group on different songs ." ] ]

[ "< EOT > but if you want to hear never hungover again as a summer record , joyce manor mask their depressive streak with chiming , fake 12 - string riffs , midtempo jangle , group harmonies , and basically everything that can be crammed into pop - punk without turning it into plain ol ’ “ indie rock ” .", "most bands working on a two - minute time limit tend to strip things down to the most rudimentary aspects and joyce manor can do that — the strict tense verse / explosive chorus template of “ victoria ” is proof enough , though it ’ s an outlier that reflects how unconventional the band ’ s songwriting is throughout .", "the velocity of never hungover again has an illusory effect where you can hear these songs as having been isolated from lengthier ones — the strange riff that bisects “ schley ” sounds like it was excised from a long - winded solo , “ catalina fight song ” is a 64 - second perpetual crescendo that ’ s missing the expected , vestigial four - minute run - up , and “ falling in love again ” churns tempestuously through near shoegaze synth ambience without ever hitting a predictable peak .", "pop - punk has certain stylistic rules about song structure and topicality that detractors often refer to as clichés , and it ’ s much easier to break these rules than to do something notable within them .", "the latter explains how joyce manor have grown to be one of the most popular and interesting bands in their realm : yes , they ’ re from torrance , california and write 90 - second , hook - filled songs called “ orange julius ” and “ leather jacket ” .", "they also take prog - like liberties with format and assume their subject matter is as fascinating as science fiction .", "they take pride in their given aesthetic , and the quartet ’ s third lp never hungover again is a pop - punk cliché itself : the one where an ascendant , dearly beloved band signs to a big label , hires a hotshot producer and , oh shit , are those keyboards ?", "the successes of never hungover again are numerous , and the foremost is how joyce manor ' s most ambitious and diverse album is just like their other ones — 10 songs , 19 minutes , every second as weird as it is instantly enjoyable .", "upon first listen , the brevity of never hungover again can sound less effective than , say , trying to hammer to home a chorus for the third time but once you stop trying to label what shouldbe a hook and focus on what is , the ingenuity of each song ’ s design and the ear - turning nature of every maneuver speaks to never hungover again ' s inexhaustible quality , the kind of album you can play three times in a row without any part wearing out its welcome .", "joyce manor is straight to the point .", "always were .", "always will be .", "never hungover again doesn ' t deviate from that plan .", "it sticks to their stylistic guns but also decides to foray into new avenues fans were intrigued to see them wander in , and also into even more surprising little nooks and crannies —— all of which end up wowing much more than first expected .", "if you felt their previous records were the best short bursts of energy they had packed in their punk armada , well , guess again .", "this album comes off as the most definitive and most complete that joyce manor have to offer .", "joyce manor - never hungover again | punknews .", "org of all things i will soon grow tired felt like it was missing something —— that special flair that their 2011 self — titled had .", "it was pretty solid but lacked the extra energy that \" constant headache \" and \" leather jacket \" possessed .", "that magic ' s re — found and then amplified with even more upbeat , whimsical , whiny punk .", "it ' s worth touting on so many different levels .", "honestly , this is pop — punk done remarkably well and if i could see them and state lines live , i ' d feel like i got my money ' s worth .", "their method continues as lanky three — chord jams but packs the emotional thrift and humorous wallop you came to love .", "barry johnson ' s vocals make for catchy , simple and really fun pop — punk and if you forgot , then refer to \" victoria \" and \" christmas card . \"", "they prove a stark reminder of just why 2011 was the year to take note of them .", "they didn ' t ditch or even shift up many old tones which i felt they did last time around .", "instead , they crafted the sound they know best —— by really going back to basics .", "joyce manor ' s most musically informative attributes are staight — forward punk , nasal little croons , bouncing guitars that careen with near — perfect melody and jangly power chords .", "throw in a stepped — up game of melancholy , synth , brit — pop guitars and you ' ve got new spice in the pot .", "this is what they cook with on the addictive never hungover again .", "fast — paced .", "sing — along .", "character — driven .", "yep , they manage to top themselves in ways i didn ' t think was possible .", "i knew they had it in them but for some reason i felt they ' d go explore a less — fresh vibe in a fashion that would offset the familiar sound i fell in love with .", "whatever doubts i had , they ' re gone .", "i knew joyce manor would put out a good record but never hungover again is pop — punk astonishment .", "year — end lists are already making room .", "yet , the broad appeal of this record somehow makes it a more precarious sell than something that can be easily pegged ; pop - punk literalists may reflexively hear the slick production as a betrayal and compliments such as “ smart ” or “ crafty ” as backhanded against its visceral , pleasure - seeking genre , similar to “ conscious rap ” or “ intelligent dance music ” .", "meanwhile , it may be seen by indie fans as less substantial than perfect pussy , united nations , white lung , cloud nothings , and the hotelier , who have revitalized their modes of punk in 2014 with heavy albums that nobody would call “ fun ” .", "joyce manor make punk music for the other 99 % of waking life when you ' re not functioning at peak intensity — for getting drunk , being bored , falling in love , feeling like shit , and wondering if your best days are behind you before heading out to a pool party you ' re pretty stoked about .", "the optimal balance of maturity and immaturity is right there in the title , so throw on never hungover again when you ’ re still looking to get into dumb shit , but you just want to be smarter about it .", "this past fall , touring behind his sleek , jubilant debut album , rachet , las vegas dance pop artist shamir would occasionally play an unusual cover song : “ christmas card ” , a cut from joyce manor ’ s 2014 breakout album never hungover again .", "the pick was surprising because , on paper , there are no similarities between shamir ’ s disco revival and the pop punk clamor of joyce manor .", "but it worked nonetheless .", "in shamir ’ s hands , the song went from a hurried , frantic burst of emotion to a subdued slow - burner still wrought with tension .", "hearing the song in that context , it was clear that what makes joyce manor special is their command at writing simple , affecting pop .", "it ’ s this quality that has made vocal fans out of everyone from mark hoppus to the 1975 ’ s matt healy , and this craft is what they push further through stylistic experimentation and risk - taking across cody , their latest studio album .", "joyce manor shocked many longtime fans on never hungover again by signing to epitaph and polishing up the rough edges that were firmly on display in their earlier work .", "the johnny marr - esque guitars and glossy sheen pushed them firmly towards the “ pop ” end of the pop punk spectrum .", "while the leap from there to cody isn ’ t quite as drastic , it is pronounced .", "songs stretch to over four minutes — a positively godspeed you !", "black emperor - level length by joyce manor standards — and the band alternates between ‘ 90s indie rock and mid ‘ 00s pop punk , opening up new directions for their sound .", "thanks to the production of rob schnapf ( who has previously worked with guided by voices and elliot smith ) , each foray sounds crisp , but it comes down to a matter of fit .", "the band sounds more comfortable on an alex g - style stark melancholy ballads like “ do you really want to get better ?", "” than the chunky power pop riffs of “ make me dumb ” .", "adding a bit more distance to the mix : as i ’ m making my preparations for gdc 2012 , i remember getting my first glimpse of neptune ’ s pride during gdc 2010 . electron dance is still writing about the game ; laura michet first shares her experiences with it , which are a sort of mirror image honest response counterpart to amanda lange ’ s article above and which caused her to give up on the game in short order .", "and joel goodwin acknowledges laura ’ s feeling ( and , in fact , says that he himself will “ never play neptune ’ s pride again ” ) , wondering if the strong feelings of those who continue to be absorbed by the game are due to survivorship bias .", "gordon brown spoke publicly for the first time last night about the death of his baby daughter jennifer , saying that his and his wife sarah ' s life would never be the same again .", "of all things ’ “ bride of usher ” was typical of that record ’ s dilettantism , joyce manor playing a smiths song by cribbing johnny marr ’ s leads and their rhythm section ’ s bounce ; it felt as much of a cover as their actual take on the buggles .", "the remarkable “ falling in love again ” reverses and imagines if the smiths wrote a joyce manor song — tony hoffer ( beck , m83 , air ) adds a glycerine sheen to the slashing guitar chords and maxes johnson ’ s vocals to a state of high school high drama ; you can believe the title is being played straight or you can hear lines of moz - like ambivalence ( “ hope you don ’ t think that i care / ‘ cause i do i just don ’ t know if i should feel this bad about you ” ) as being par for joyce manor : falling in love again is just the first step to the preferred resting state of falling out .", "welcome to the first this week in videogame blogging of 2012 !", "it ’ s been a long time since twivgb first came on the scene ; i confess , i rather miss the tapestry pictures that graced the earliest episodes .", "this week ’ s host is david carlton : i ’ ve proofread these not infrequently in the past , but apparently the entire regular roster of editors is still hungover from new year ’ s parties ( so very true – ed .", ") , so we ’ re dipping down into the minor leagues this week and having me do some actual writing this time .", "( to be more accurate , the other editors are probably still recovering from our twin year - end extravaganzas . )", "don ’ t worry , whichever editor is looking this over before hitting publish : i only included one link that points to someplace completely inappropriate in my browser history , three apostrophe confusions , two missed italicizations of game names , and as many uses of “ video games ” instead of “ videogames ” as i could work in : not much for you to fix !", "( well , that plus most of this first paragraph . )", "( what is this , i don ’ t even … – ed . )", "this is how joyce manor operates : in the past , beach communities , toothaches and model train sets were merely symbols and mirrors for johnson ’ s infinite sadness .", "so while “ end of the summer ” , “ heated swimming pool ” , and “ heart tattoo ” are indicative of joyce manor ’ s suburban purview and are about the exact things they promise , johnson ’ s subtle and powerful insight allows him to expose new angles and multitudes in the mundane .", "“ the jerk ” is , yes , about being a jerk and also watching the titular movie and learning “ that stuff don ' t work . \"", "in both “ christmas card ” and “ heart tattoo ” , love can only be legitimized by pain —“ i want it to hurt really bad / that ’ s how i ’ ll know it ’ s real .", "” johnson ’ s lyrics are conversational , kegside and half - pipe ruminations taking on a heft and layered meaning that likely escapes everyone involved until they ’ ve had a chance to mull them over alone : “ never really had a drug phase / so you think you ’ re fucking miserable now ?", "” , “ i always knew you ' d join the army , ” “ i wish you would ’ ve died in high school / so you could be somebody ’ s idol .", "” opting to wander out of the sandbox also manages to come off much better as there ' s a higher balance and greater finesse this time around . \"", "falling in love again \" is where the curveballs begin .", "it has an ' 80s — era vibe a la the cure , morrissey and the smiths .", "channeling this works further wonders on another bass — driven hit in \" heart tattoo \" —— keeping their playful tone but still fleshing out growth and development .", "it ' s not too bold nor is it too timid .", "the tempo ' s quite gleeful in its simplicity but joyce manor feel even more assured , focused and confident than in the past .", "they scrape 20 minutes of pure joy in such a fast manner , covering a wide assortment of topics .", "the album ' s subdivided with mature themes as well but you know you ' re really here for the wringing rhythyms on the juvenile life and the young , wasted and restless days .", "they don ' t stutter in making their statements and johnson ' s pained , wrangly vocals impact so much on \" schley \" and \" end of the summer \" which bring forth images of sweaty basement moshing with strangers .", "i swear it takes you three years back .", "i joked about lack of distance up above , but of course we ’ re quite guilty of promoting discussion of the latest games here ourselves ; i ’ ll continue in that grand tradition with a couple of skyrim posts .", "in the first , rad of the gwumps claims that “ skyrim is for communists “ , delving into the game ’ s economic system .", "( ( s ) he touches in part on crafting ; for a take on crafting in a non - skyrim context , see “ can i craft that for you ?", "” by eric of critical missive . )", "meanwhile , amanda lange of second truth returns to a conversation that was kicked off by deadly premonition ‘ s release and continued off and on all year ; she concludes her “ thoughts on the elder scrolls v : skyrim , and its critical reception , after playing it 130 hours ” by saying “… one might write ‘ this game is pretty messy in every conceivable way .", "i played over 100 hours .", "i can ’ t wait to play it again . '", "” , and i for one would like more games writing that ’ s motivated by that feeling .", "mr brown , in an interview with the times , said : ' it is true to say that for both of us nothing can ever be quite the same again .", "bieber , 90210 : justin is again seen at his ultra posh beverly hills hotel that costs $ 800 a night . . . after hanging out with his favorite pastor in la can ' t stop , won ' t stop !", "defiant ariel winter puts her breasts on show in slashed crop top . . . after lashing out at critics of her racy fashion sense again gym teacher , 40 , who was previously arrested for having relationship with boy , 15 , is charged again for . . . terms of use privacy policy contact us about punknews .", "org pitchfork is the most trusted voice in music .", "torrance , calif . pop - punk outfit joyce manor have gained a reputation as one of the most popular and interesting bands in their realm , and their third record is their most ambitious and diverse album , as weird as it is instantly enjoyable .", "assuming you ’ re approaching this record as a self - identifying “ indie rock ” fan , there isn ’ t a single “ legitimate ” precedent that will walk you through this — maybe “ west coast lifetime ” comes close , considering barry johnson ’ s perpetual slur , self - deprecation , and goofy earnestness .", "joyce manor are a stylistically comprehensive band and this record is a consolidation of their talents , accomplishing the difficult task of welding the straightforward charms of their increasingly canonical self - titled debut and the ambition of of all things i will soon grow tired , a record praised at the time for its relatively experimental leanings and in retrospect for having the fortune of being produced by “ the sunbather guy ” ( even though numerous deafheaven songs are longer than the complete running time of of all things ) .", "but enough of my twivgbabbling , on to our regular business .", "the week between christmas and new year ’ s was relatively light on blogging , but the brindles reminded us of what the season is all about : gamification and incentives .", "as they say : since randomised rewards are more compelling for players than certain ones , all the children were hooked , but concerted efforts were made to game the system .", "the great gerrymander that giving had become was characterised by two perverse incentives – the incentive to buy what you would like to receive , and the incentive to buy what you don ’ t want others to get .", "( don ’ t miss the turkey slaughter bit , either . )", "speaking of gamification , the end of the year also brought us the usual onslaught of “ best - of - the year ” lists ; such lists traditionally are light on both criticism and distance , and perhaps the following is no exception , but kotaku ’ s kirk hamilton compiled a list of “ all of the best video game music of 2011 ” that made me smile more often than any of the rest of the links here .", "excellent music to twivgb by !", "the piece that i ’ ve seen linked to the most this week is chris dahlen ’ s post at save the robot on dark souls as a “ great big puzzle box “ .", "yes , the game is difficult , yes that ’ s important , but there ’ s more to the game ’ s design than that alone might suggest .", "as he says in a discussion of the game ’ s open world nature , why would the designers give us these options when all but one of them leads to disaster ?", "because if we make the decision , we own the consequences .", "when we talk about “ open world ” games , we think of words like “ discovery ” and “ freedom , ” and sometimes we conflate the terms : if we can discover the game on our own , then we must be free .", "but there ’ s no freedom in dark souls .", "the designers let us discover and experience the place on our own , while hooking us on an invisible leash to keep us more or less on task .", "yet we still feel like we ’ ve conquered this space , because we put it together ourselves — unlocking our own shortcuts , discovering how the levels connect , and making our mental maps of the entire world .", "and jumping between older and newer games ( and , as a bonus , filling in two more squares of your game criticism bingo card !", ") , we have michael peterson of project ballad ’ s post “ good morning , crono !", "” relating chrono trigger ‘ s opening with skyward sword ‘ s . as he says : the problem in every creative industry is that we do what has already worked before , even when that thing no longer fits .", "for some , that means the very nature of a thing , such as turn - based combat , and for others , it means beloved referents such as the hero waking up in his small town before the adventure has truly begun .", "the problem is , games grow more complex , more “ real , ” and have larger ambitions .", "as they do so , these things stand out more than they ever have .", "storytelling , pacing , and flow cannot be afterthoughts .", "andrew meade ’ s asking “ what if at the end of uncharted 3 , drake came out ?", "” on gamasutra led to quite a bit of commentary in my twitter stream , as well as several followup posts .", "jim sterling wrote an article in destructoid saying why he thinks that would be a fantastic idea ; andrew meade expanded upon his initial article into an explanation of the “ nobler cause ” that is at its core , his belief that we have great power .", "we can change lives , we can entertain , and we can bring people together .", "let ’ s do it .", "let ’ s work towards a nobler cause – and not just this cause , but any cause .", "anywhere where you see someone needing support from society , pursue it .", "see also mattie brice ’ s “ an escape of one ’ s own ” on the border house , pointing out similar problems , in particular that “ games aren ’ t an escape for everyone looking for one ” .", "and that post also led to a response , this time by dan cox of digital ephemera , musing on what it mean that , in dragon age : origins , “ desire demons are female “ .", "it ’ s slightly older news ( it took me a while to get around to listening to it ) , but frank lantz spoke in an mit comparative media studies podcast about “ the aesthetics of games “ , and it ’ s well worth an hour and a half of your time .", "as the introduction says , he “ explores what it means to consider games an aesthetic form ” ; i ’ m rather tired of the “ games as art ” arguments by now , but i found lantz ’ s approach to the topic rather refreshing .", "also , as somebody who has spent rather more time playing go than any other game , i was particularly taken by his positing that also touching on non - digital games ( and reminding me of l . b . jeffries ) , we have jenn frank of infinite lives discoursing “ on games of chance and ‘ cheating ’“ .", "she starts with a discussion of what the boundaries are between cheating and fair play , and ends up meditating on calvinism and determinism .", "it is clearly cross - blog conversation week , because this inspired a follow - up from j . p . grant of infinite lag on “ fair play “ ; i won ’ t include links to the subsequent posts on the blogs infinite logic and infinite ludologists , though if it were just a bit more games related and / or safe for work , i would definitely link to infinite llama ’ s quite unique contribution to this dialogue ( pentalogue ?", "infinitelogue , i suppose ) on cheating .", "( it turns out that , when you have an infinite number of llamas , they cheat on / with each other in an eye - opening range of geometries . )", "( i ’ m not even sure if david ’ s being serious here or not … – ed . )", "many thanks to those of you who sent in links : i was quite nervous about this going in , but i ended discarding another dozen articles that i could have easily included .", "as a reminder , you can contact us via email or twitter .", "a happy 2012 to you all !", "highlighting and archiving the most incisive , thought - provoking , and remarkable discussion in and around games .", "since 2009 , we have been creating a legacy for critical thinking in games .", "help us to bring our work into different media and bring diverse games criticism to a larger audience .", "while not quite an identity crisis , cody is first and foremost a record of reflection and exploration .", "the three founding members ( along with new drummer jeff enzor ) are all turning 30 this year , and that impending milestone has them looking back .", "besides the adventures on “ fake i . d . ” , they delve into youth heavily on “ eighteen ” , an early highlight about finding confidence as a teenager and understanding that your problems aren ’ t the end of the world .", "on “ stairs ” , they tell a tale of frightening codependence disguised as overwhelming love over four minutes , on a song singer / songwriter barry johnson wrote when he was 19 . the song ’ s age shows , as both in structure and content it sounds like something you might see on fuse in between cartel and all - american rejects videos in 2006 , slightly dated and immature but highly self - aware and catchy .", "perhaps the fixation in the past comes from a sense of feeling disillusioned .", "album standout “ angel in the snow ” , featuring subdued backing vocals from nate ruess , finds johnson soberly asking “ how come nothing amazes me , i don ’ t know .", "” it ’ s a surprising question from a band typically known for intense feelings , whether it ’ s of pain or bliss , and digs at the nuance joyce manor is often in tune with .", "a seemingly throwaway line on “ fake i . d . ” references missing a dead friend , capturing how , even if you ’ re not actively grieving , memory can briefly pull you back .", "“ do you really want to get better ?", "” finds johnson nearly hopeless , wondering how to offer help to a friend going through addiction and only being met with rejection .", "“ this song is a mess but so am i ” may close the album on a wink , but the entire album is filled with loosely connected tangents in a stream of consciousness approach that plays to their strengths .", "throughout joyce manor ’ s career , an arc shaped in one - to two - minute punk bursts , the band has displayed a knack for seamlessly cramming fully formed ideas and profound depth into as little as possible .", "“ fake i . d . ” contains an aside in which the narrator tries to relate to a younger girl he likes by sarcastically overstating how much of a genius he thinks kanye west is .", "it ’ s a pointed , humorous criticism as to the hyperbole many use to discuss today ’ s pop stars .", "it ’ s not even anti - kanye , but rather an exploration of succumbing to a hive mind acceptance of something you don ’ t really believe in .", "it ’ s nuanced and fights reduction to clickbait , the kind of sharp analysis that the band can get across in two lines of a song .", "because joyce manor pushed themselves out of their comfort zone in both format and style , it ’ s easy to forgive some of the missteps that pervade the second half of the album — especially when they are frequently punctured by moments of wisdom and cutting wit .", "the transitional record nails the discomfort of feeling out of place or unsure of yourself .", "imperfect but impassioned , joyce manor astutely capture uncertainty and anxiety throughout cody .", "another entry in this year ’ s adult swim singles program .", "two of pop punk ’ s best on one bill coming to a city near you this fall .", "long island rockers reinvent themselves while also recapturing the essence of what ’ s made them so enduring .", "a catchy veteran album that deserves a much bigger audience than it ’ ll likely get .", "plus , read our exclusive q & a with the norwegian punks .", "one of the best pop punk bands around returns with its sixth lp .", "pure pop punk that ’ s beautifully specific to the queer experience .", "a musical narrative of punk ’ s evolution as a genre and subculture .", "el paso ’ s loudest export has returned for good , and now it ’ s time to catch up .", "the punk band ’ s ninth full - length arrives in june .", "the cali pop punk band ’ s contribution to polyvinyl ’ s 4 - track singles series vol .", "3 . sorting through one of the most eclectic and influential catalogs in popular music .", "© 2007 - 2017 consequence of sound • advertise here • powered by wordpress .", "com vip wives want to change four things about their husbands . . . but husbands would change six things about their wives !", "north korea is hit by 3 .", "4 magnitude earthquake as chinese officials claim the tremor is an ' explosion ' just days after kim jong - un threatened to test hydrogen bomb ' trump stay in ur place . . . football has nothing to do wit u ' : washington redskins star hits back at president for saying nfl players who kneel during national anthem should be ' fired ' ' he doesn ' t know the difference between medicare and medicaid .", "he barely knows the difference between melania and ivanka ' : jimmy kimmel eviscerates trump in third monologue taking on healthcare ignoring the advice of his aides , the chancellor talked emotionally of jennifer ' s death at just ten days old and said that he wanted now to concentrate on his work .", "jennifer jane was born seven weeks premature by caesarean section on december 28 . she died in her parents ' arms on january 7 following a brain haemorrhage . '", "sarah and i have been very moved indeed by the kind messages and the support and sympathy we have received from people around the country . '", "we have also marvelled at the skill and kindness and the friendship of doctors , midwives and staff in the hospitals which we have dealt with . '", "the couple returned to london from mr brown ' s constituency of dunfermline east only a week ago .", "in the interview , he also warned that he was prepared to put up taxes in the budget to pay for improvements to the health service .", "he said : ' i have not ruled out tax changes .", "what the public want is a properly - funded health service on a sustainable long - term footing . '", "he is expecting a report on the funding of the nhs - by former bank executive derek wanless - to have a large impact on the health care debate . '", "people will want a full account of what the costs will be over a period of years .", "once people know that , they will make their own judgments . '", "what they want to know is that they are achieving value for money for the investment that is essential for their reassurance about the health service being there when they need it . '", "it is clear to most people that the service needs more money .", "the question after wanless is obviously what judgments we as a government make .", "i think the public will be ready to make a judgment when they see these reports . '", "he also warned there were ' tough choices ' ahead over spending , for the treasury and for individual departments .", "may is accused of betraying referendum by effectively . . . no laughing matter : jerry lewis ' intentionally excluded ' . . . isis fighter ' s own head - cam films the dramatic moment he . . . enough to put you off dinner : you think the meal biked to . . . four - year - old boy cries for help as he lies dying after a . . . ' what if the twist is that kylie is kim and kanye ' s . . . buddhist animal lovers are fined £ 15 , 000 after releasing . . . horrifying video shows california cop shooting man seven . . . black mother - of - three is stunned after her youngest child . . . wives want to change four things about their husbands . . . . . . doomsday prophet who predicted the apocalypse on saturday . . . two million married couples still haven ' t taken advantage . . . iraqi asylum seeker , 18 , ' made bucket bomb and packed it . . . brutal road rage video shows a woman and her stepmom . . . ' get that son of a b * * * h off the field ! '", ": trump calls for . . . ' clearly the smartest kid in the class ' : student brings . . . amir khan ' s estranged wife faryal deletes her pleading . . . anthea turner faces threat of raid by bailiffs : tv star . . . kim kardashian flashes midriff in gray during outing with kids north and saint . . . as it ' s reported that sister ' kylie jenner is pregnant ' tyga spotted for the first time since ex kylie jenner ' s ' pregnancy ' news . . . after deleting snap claiming to be the father he was out shopping exclusive : ' i love waking up next to her . . . she ' s a hot mom ! '", "cash warren gushes about pregnant wife jessica alba as the couple prepare for a third child ' i feel like 30 is too late ' : kylie jenner , 20 , has always wanted to be a young mom . . . as she is ' expecting a baby with boyfriend travis scott ' big news for kylie aaron carter ' is finally heading to rehab ' . . . one day after police conducted a welfare check at his florida home troubled star make - up free jennifer lopez urges fans to support puerto rico in wake of hurricanes . . . and reveals she still hasn ' t heard from family on island kourtney and khloe kardashian opt for comfort on family outing in la . . . amid reports of kylie jenner ' s ' pregnancy ' out and about in la carefree kendall jenner flashes her nipple as she arrives at versace with frow support from mum kris jenner . . . as it ' s claimed ' kylie is pregnant ' ' the love of my life ' : mel b ' goes instagram official ' with her hair stylist . . . weeks after they were seen kissing at a hollywood club praise indeed the jenner sisters finally respond to lawsuit from tupac photographer over those ill - fated t - shirts . . . just before news of kylie ' s pregnancy lady gaga bares all as she goes topless for new netflix documentary five foot two . . . after reigniting famous feud with madonna exclusive : robert kardashian ' went ballistic ' when kim secretly married first husband damon thomas because best pal o . j . bragged about ' getting white p * * * y ' ' he doesn ' t know the difference between medicare and medicaid .", "he barely knows the difference between melania and ivanka ' : kimmel eviscerates trump it really is a money pit !", "mansion from tom hanks movie is renovated and put on the market for $ 5 .", "9m - after being on the market for three years with a $ 12 .", "5m asking price ' i love to exercise and i have a nutritionist ! '", ": flip or flop ' s christina el moussa explains how she keeps her figure . . . after holding hands with new beau naomi campbell works a casual look as she goes braless under a white shirt and khaki trousers . . . before undergoing quite the transformation to storm the versace catwalk ' i try to f * * * her once a week ! '", "scott disick flirts with kourtney kardashian on kuwtk 10th anniversary special . . . but she insists ' that door is closed ' kevin hart ' s sex tape partner montia sabbag filmed performing very raunchy pole dance . . . as she denies being a stripper allegedly enjoyed a night of passion my how she ' s changed !", "pink covers up in funky outfit . . . before posting risque image in lingerie from 2001 with former foe christina aguilera saucy snap risky ride !", "daring dad liev schreiber puts both his sons on his bicycle as he zooms through new york city . . . but at least the kids have helmets on beyonce ' s team insists she was ' justified ' to sample dead rapper on formation . . . after his estate sues for $ 20m lawsuit has been launched mandy moore stands out in bold purple dress as she films this is us with co - star milo ventimiglia . . . just days before season two premiere ' i ' m losing it ! '", "fergie cries as she hits number one . . . before opening up about split from josh duhamel opened up about her surprise split lottie moss showcases her sideboob in very sultry swimwear snap . . . as she is spotted make - up free during park workout after wardrobe mishap at amfar gala age - defying cindy crawford , 51 , works androgynous chic in a tailored suit during milan fashion week . . . as her rising star daughter kaia , 16 , continues to tread the runway in italy ' it was the worst ! '", ": kim kardashian was told she had miscarried north and needed surgery . . . but then doctors found a heartbeat revealed her woes chic victoria beckham hides her eyes behind shades as she steps out in london . . . after admitting she ' hasn ' t stopped crying over brooklyn ' moving to nyc leonardo dicaprio sets tongues wagging as he steps out with former flame toni garrn for the second time in a week . . . hours after spending time with lorena rae you ' re the one that i want !", "victoria beckham reveals daughter harper will only listen to the grease soundtrack . . . after saying she is ' still crying ' over son brooklyn going to uni leggy tamara ecclestone shows off her figure in a chic jumper dress as she steps out in london with daughter sophia , 3 . . . . amid her sister petra ' s $ 7 .", "4bn divorce battle model amber le bon leads hordes of women bravely chopping off their long locks for charity . . . and showing off their very dramatic transformations online besotted chloe green cosies up to beau jeremy meeks in smitten snaps . . . as she appropriately labels the shirtless hunk ' my topman ' in bed with kendall : jenner writhes around in lingerie as she stars in fergie ' s new music video . . . featuring four - year - old son axl ' s vocals kourtney kardashian carries sweet son reign to the ice skating rink for family day out . . . with spandex wearing sister khloe kardashian hot on her heels chloe green and ' hot felon ' jeremy meeks hold hands for pda - filled date in west hollywood . . . after model ' s devastated wife spoke out about affair ravishing in red !", "amal clooney wows in matching skirt and blazer in nyc . . . three months after welcoming twins is a hard - working mother saying goodbye to the prince of soho : sienna miller leads celebrity mourners at groucho club manager bernie katz ' s funeral . . . as stars pay their respects who needs a man when you can dress like one !", "fergie puts a sexy spin on the suit and tie look . . . days after revealing split from husband josh duhamel is it his profile picture ?", "jared leto shows off his ripped abs in naked selfie . . . after recently joking he ' s on tinder asked his followers to give their thoughts rosie huntington - whiteley shows off her eye - popping tuxedo jacket as she shimmies and shakes to kendrick lamar ' s humble . . . three months after giving birth riverdale star k . j . apa is pictured in vancouver after late - night car crash where he fell asleep at the wheel . . . as cast and crew protest 16 - hour work days aaron carter receives home visit from st . petersburg police after welfare check request made to authorities he appeared to be under the influence double trouble !", "leonardo dicaprio is spotted on date with lorena rae in new york city . . . just hours before having dinner with ex - girlfriend toni garrn olivia munn reveals she didn ' t get paid for cameo appearance in ocean ' s eight . . . but was still excited to work with a - list cast ' serious inquiries only ' : chrissy teigen asks twitter followers for six brown bananas for baking . . . and offers john legend ' s underwear in exchange jada pinkett smith struts her stuff in thigh - high boots as she shops in beverly hills . . . after hitting back at claims she ' s a scientologist selena gomez passionately kisses timothee chalamet on the nyc set of woody allen movie . . . six days after revealing kidney transplant best in moschino !", "kaia gerber , 16 , storms the runway in dramatic tutu for quirky mfw show . . . after rocking a classic tailored look for prada learned from her mother naughty - ish : tracee ellis ross reveals her dream threesome would be with james dean and rihanna . . . but it would have to be for a love scene family business !", "woody allen ' s daughter bechet shadows father on the set of his new untitled film . . . and sister manzie pays a visit too ' i used to be 106lbs but now i ' m 126lbs ! '", ": cher , 71 , reveals she no longer fits into her crazy seventies costumes . . . but she refuses to throw them out let them eat cake !", "walking dead ' s andrew lincoln feeds norman reedus red velvet . . . as cast declare new season will be as action - packed as ever ryan phillippe ' domestic abuse ' accuser elsie hewitt hits london with friends . . . as he slams violence claims as a ' ploy for monetary gain ' puppy love !", "selena gomez is a picture of health in tank top as she pets dog on ny set of woody allen project . . . four months after kidney transplant kylie jenner ' s ex tyga ordered to pay $ 1 .", "5 million to former management company . . . and he has to deliver $ 250 , 000 by the end of the month ryan gosling pays tribute to pet pooch by wearing his collar at blade runner photocall . . . nine months after he was last seen with the terrier at animal hospital ' get that son of a b * * * h off the field ! '", ": trump calls for boycotts of nfl teams whose players refuse to . . . drained of blood , scalped and with her right ear torn off : new grisly details of how model was ' murdered by . . . wives want to change four things about their husbands . . . but husbands would change six things about their . . . ' trump stay in ur place . . . football has nothing to do wit u ' : washington redskins star hits back at . . . doomsday prophet who predicted the apocalypse on saturday now postpones the rapture but insists it ' s the . . . sore feet , needlework and make - up touch - ups !", "virgin america flight attendant shares stunning photographs . . . putin ' s hackers targeted twenty one states before the 2016 election - including key state wisconsin which . . . judge increases bail to $ 15m for california brain surgeon amid 32 new charges in child rape case involving a . . . horrifying video shows california cop shooting man seven times outside a 7 - eleven after suspect grabbed the . . . man , 54 , armed with a machete releases nine hostages from tennessee bank after four hours and is arrested by . . . jay - z ' turns down offer to play the super bowl halftime show ' .", "so is it a show of solidarity for out - of - work . . . weak pound turns brexit britain into a holiday haven with record numbers of foreign tourists visiting in . . . ' it ’ s like being shot out of a cannon while drinking from a fire hydrant blind ' : michelle obama talks about . . . exclusive : george clooney , heidi klum and ryan gosling line up behind film mogul harvey weinstein in row . . . ' what if the twist is that kylie is kim and kanye ' s surrogate ?", "! '", "internet goes wild with memes after the . . . the disgusting risks of peeing in a pool : cdc concludes years - long study into lifeguards who suffered . . . kathy griffin files for a restraining order against kb home ceo who was caught on tape calling her a ' bald . . . cooling down !", "kevin hart ' s sex tape partner montia sabbag is seen in sexy green bathing suit after hiring . . . trump mocks ' little rocket man ' kim at alabama campaign rally as he continues his war of words with the . . . trump ' s aides urged him not to insult kim jong - un at the united nations this week - but he called him rocket . . . ' get out , james comey !", "you ' re not our homie ! '", "angry students at howard university chant slogans and sing . . . ' he doesn ' t know the difference between medicare and medicaid .", "he barely knows the difference between . . . exclusive : robert kardashian ' went ballistic ' when kim secretly married first husband damon thomas because best pal o . j . always bragged about ' getting white p * * * y ' making the patriarch believe ' black men only went after white girls for sex ' wives want to change four things about their husbands . . . but husbands would change six things about their wives !", "it really is a money pit !", "crumbling mansion from tom hanks movie is renovated and put up for sale for $ 5 .", "9million - after languishing on the market for three years with a $ 12 .", "5million asking price farm heroes saga , the # 4 game on itunes .", "play it now !", "metro jobsite mail travel zoopla .", "co . uk prime location <EOS>" ]

[ [ "critical reception", "upon its release , never hungover again received positive reviews from music critics . at metacritic , which assigns a normalized rating out of 100 to reviews from critics , the album received an average score of 82 , which indicates \" universal acclaim \" , based on 13 reviews . the a . v . club critic david anthony wrote that the album \" isn ’ t a complete overhaul of the band ’ s sound , but with all the gentle twists on those charms , it ends up serving as a re - introduction . \" allmusic ' s tim sendra stated : \" joyce manor make 20 minutes feel way more epic than the running time might promise , and never hungover again ends up as the kind of record that feels like an instant classic . \" ian cohen of pitchfork thought : \" once you stop trying to label what should be a hook and focus on what is , the ingenuity of each song ’ s design and the ear - turning nature of every maneuver speaks to never hungover again ' s inexhaustible quality , the kind of album you can play three times in a row without any part wearing out its welcome . \"" ], [ "chart positions", "" ] ]

[ "< EOT > first , notice verse 14 . this is the ground or the reason for the two imperatives in verses 12 and 13 , “ take care !", "” and “ exhort one another !", "” and the reason is this ( verse 14 ) — and the tenses are very important : take care , and exhort each other , “ because we have come to share in christ , if indeed we hold our original confidence firm to the end .", "” it does not say , “ if we hold our confidence firm , we will have a share in christ .", "” it says , “ if we hold our confidence firm to the end , we have shared in christ .", "” this means that perseverance to the end in faith is a necessary confirmation that we have been born again .", "making it to the end in faith shows that we were real — we had indeed come to share in christ .", "we know that buying into early access can often be a thankless contribution , so every month we ' ll be highlighting one outstanding player as player of the month - where they will receive 4 free copies of we need to go deeper to send to their friends , in addition to being recognized on the title screen for that month ' s update .", "this way , we hope that those in our community who really strive to help us transform we need to go deeper into the great game we want it to be will get the proper recognition - and reward - that they deserve .", "i recall one other time in the eighties when tom steller and i were trying to help a young woman through a terrible season of depression .", "she was repeatedly suicidal .", "so we had a pact with her that she would call us before she hurt herself .", "she agreed .", "one night she called .", "we made her promise to meet us her at church in the middle of the night .", "tom and i came together .", "we exhorted her with countless scriptures .", "we sat in quiet .", "we prayed .", "we waited .", "the spiritual darkness on her was almost as palpable as if it had been a huge dark blanket causing her whole body to sag under the weight .", "so paul says in 1 corinthians 1 : 9 , “ you were called into the fellowship of his son , jesus christ our lord .", "” which probably means both ( 1 ) sharing vertically in the union each of us has in christ , and ( 2 ) sharing together with other believers the common union we have with christ and each other .", "“ the cup of blessing that we bless , is it not a fellowship / participation in the blood of christ ?", "the bread that we break , is it not a fellowship / participation in the body of christ ?", "” ( 1 corinthians 10 : 16 ) .", "in other words , when we drink the cup and eat the bread we share in the benefits of the slain body and shed blood of jesus .", "we have a share in what death achieved .", "great stuff .", "i have really appreciated reading your blog since i discovered you post # recreate11 .", "i wish i would have met you then , alas perhaps in 2012 . anyways , i just sent this blog to my tech guy , who develops iphone apps , runs sound , fixes my busted pedals , and is an all around great guy .", "we are two cut from different cloths , but oh how we need each other .", "thank you for the clarity .", "thanks , kenny .", "i ’ m with you ; although , i think you ’ re geekier than me ( that ’ s a compliment , btw ) .", "i think that we all need to cultivate both of these disciplines in ourselves , especially creatives .", "we need to better understand how the creative tools we so like to use actually work .", "the creative geek ( or geeky creative ) could put a pretty big dent in the universe , if he or she harnessed the powerful parts of both the yoda and john mayer .", "🙂 and the logic of the clauses — what we see in arcing — does not tell us how these five realities relate to each other .", "we have to think our way into the realities themselves and what we know about them from the rest of hebrews and the new testament and our experience and work that out .", "i call this the reality factor in preaching or in any application of god ’ s word .", "official soundtrack now available for free !", "- even though the game is still in development , many of you have been asking us time and time again when we ' d be able to make available all of the tracks we have thus far .", "starting today , we ' ve released and will continue to release all of the game ' s tracks for free on soundcloud !", "kick back and relax to the sweet sounds of \" the marvelous music of we need to go deeper . \"", "twice a month , we ' ll also be hosting a live hang - out stream , where anyone can pop in and chat with us developers about , well , whatever you wanna talk about !", "in the interest of narrowing the divide between gamers and developers , we ' re gonna try and just have some good old fashioned social time with our fans .", "we ' ll try to host these on weekends so everyone can come by and play games , watch movies , and generally shoot the breeze with us , in addition to talking about we need to go deeper ' s development if ya ' ll fancy it .", "the ceo later explained what he did : “ we had a competitor who was showing us a better way to win the business .", "we were both like captains of firefighting teams .", "we each had seven people and a full set of buckets and hoses .", "my team had five guys armed with buckets and two with hoses .", "his team had three guys with buckets and four with hoses .", "we just weren ’ t organized to compete and win .", "i wasn ’ t trying to shift power ; i was just trying to optimize our resources .", "i wasn ’ t willing to let this change be viewed as a political event .", "i wanted it to be seen as a business necessity to remain competitive .", "” i don ’ t know what you have going on in your city , but there ’ s probably something .", "start looking .", "we creatives and geeks need to start learning from each other .", "pingback : tweets that mention creatives and geeks : why we need each other | goins , writer : on writing , ideas , and making a difference - - topsy .", "com ( ) pingback : tweets that mention creatives and geeks : why we need each other | goins , writer : on writing , ideas , and making a difference - - topsy .", "com ( ) designed with human interaction in mind , we need to go deeper was created to encourage friends to shout at each other .", "the current version features 2 - 4 player cooperative multiplayer - either through a local area network or online .", "the ceo of a 150 - employee software company shows how a leader can prevent political fears from taking hold by keeping communications brief and to the point .", "rather than viewing the org chart as a source of anxiety , and communicating that attitude to the company , the ceo chose to see it as simply a temporary structure for optimizing resources .", "when a new strategy or direction was called for , he enlisted people as active agents of change , so they wouldn ’ t be left to wonder whether they were to become victims .", "for example , the ceo realized at one point that he needed to realign internal resources because a close competitor was gaining an advantage .", "he called an all - hands meeting for a monday morning .", "“ team , ” he said , “ we ’ re in a war for market share .", "i get paid to win it , and so do you .", "but right now i don ’ t think we ’ re properly configured to win the particular battle we ’ re fighting , so i ’ m changing the structure of resources so that we can execute more effectively .", "most of you will continue to do the jobs you ’ re doing now , but you may have a different supervisor .", "” after showing everyone the new organization chart , he looked at his watch .", "“ it ’ s 10 : 45 now , ” he said .", "“ you have until noon to be annoyed , should that be your reaction .", "at noon , pizza will be served .", "at one o ’ clock , we go to work in our new positions .", "” and the reason we dig into the reality of what really happens in the heart that is falling away from the living god is so that we know what our job is in christian fellowship .", "our job is to help each other keep this catastrophe from happening .", "specifically in verse 13 : “ exhort one another every day — while there still is a day — that none of you may be hardened by the deceitfulness of sin .", "” you are god ’ s appointed means to keep this from happening to your brother or sister !", "in the interest of fostering a community of players who will care about making we need to go deeper into the best game it can be , we plan to highlight one particularly helpful player every month , who will be gifted 4 free copies of the game to send to friends , and recognized in the new update .", "we hope this will help add some value to those who take the leap to help us in the early access development process .", "so koinonía can be a sharing in the benefits of the death of jesus , or in the financial relief of the saints , or in the sufferings of christ .", "so when we talk about christian koinonia — fellowship or sharing or participation that is unique to our relationship with other believers — what we are referring to is the shared union , the shared participation that we have together with christ .", "in this new world of creativity and technology , creatives and geeks need each other more than ever .", "“ being a multiplayer game made by fewer people than there are fingers on your hand , we will absolutely depend on the community to help shape deeper into what it will eventually become .", "while we have all these great ideas and mechanics that we personally think are great , there ' s no real way to tell how they ' ll fare until we throw ' em into the wild .", "and early access provides a way to do that early and often , and help fund development while doing so .", "” if you want to know why so many organizations sink into chaos , look no further than their leaders ’ mouths .", "leadership , at any level , certainly isn ’ t easy — but unclear , vague , roller - coaster pronouncements make many top managers ’ jobs infinitely more difficult than they need to be .", "leaders frequently espouse dozens of cliché - infused declarations such as “ let ’ s focus on the key priorities this quarter , ” “ customers come first , ” or “ we need a full - court press in engineering this month .", "” over and over again , they present grand , overarching — yet fuzzy — notions of where they think the company is going .", "too often , they assume everyone shares the same definitions of broad terms like vision , loyalty , accountability , customer relationships , teamwork , focus , priority , culture , frugality , decision making , results , and so on , virtually ad infinitum .", "the most effective leaders ask themselves , “ what needs to happen today to get where we want to go ?", "what vague belief or notion can i clarify or debunk ?", "” a ceo who communicates precisely to ten direct reports , each of whom communicates with equal precision to 40 other employees , aligns the organization ’ s commitment and energy with a well - understood vision of the firm ’ s real goals and opportunities .", "“ we need to go deeper is planned to be in early access for as long as it takes to shape it into the game we envision it to be .", "in all likelihood , doing this could take a year or longer .", "” “ with most of the core elements already finished , we ' re mostly looking to add new content for the full release .", "the full version is planned to have at least 10 unique biomes , each with their own boss encounters , enemies , and civilizations for the players to encounter .", "we ' re also aiming to have many additional load - out items for players to choose from , a variety of submarine types , and a fleshed out end - game and story elements to tie it all together .", "that which we have seen and heard we proclaim also to you , so that you too may have fellowship with us [ that you may share in what we have seen and heard ] ; and indeed our fellowship is with the father and with his son jesus christ .", "“ as content / features are added to the game , we may update the price to reflect what we believe the game is worth .", "so as the game progresses , we may choose to gradually raise the price .", "” finally , we also will be hosting live developer chats via twitch twice a month , where we will hang out , shoot the breeze , or answer questions about development .", "we aim to make these more sociable events to try and narrow the divide between us and our player - base .", "the ceo of a small software company had to realign internal resources when a close rival began gaining an advantage .", "he called an all - hands meeting , explaining , “ we ’ re in a war for market share .", "i don ’ t think we ’ re properly configured to win the battle , so i ’ m restructuring resources so we can execute more effectively .", "most of you will continue doing the same jobs , but you may have a different supervisor .", "” he showed them the new organization chart , then asked them to begin working in their new positions after lunch .", "a variety of large - scale boss battles are planned for each biome , each individually suited to the region they live in .", "these will serve as the climactic transition between biome zones .", "discover mysterious undersea civilizations on your voyages who may either help or hinder you and your crew .", "one unique civilization is planned to inhabit each biome , along with a translator item to help players understand each civilization ' s colorful languages .", "to get an idea of what can happen when a ceo manages time constraints by setting reasonable expectations , imagine that you have seven direct reports , each of whom commits to completing no more than three important , very doable initiatives each quarter .", "if these reports and their teams meet their goals , four quarters will yield 84 significant accomplishments .", "if your company were able to do anywhere near 84 significant things in a single year , the results would no doubt be astonishing .", "the real enemy to accomplishing 84 great things is the temptation to work on the 85th objective and beyond before , or at the expense of , the higher - priority goals .", "to keep people on track , a leader must communicate objectives very clearly and demand that action flow to the real priorities first .", "so when i talk about christian fellowship as a means of perseverance , the fellowship i have in mind is the mutual bond ( and i think mutual would be the adjective form of koinonía in english ) that christians have with christ that unites us in a profound and eternal relationship of love that should express itself in joyful and affectionate service to for each other ’ s good .", "christian friendships exist for this : to say things that will keep each other believing .", "small groups exists for this : to say things that will keep each other believing .", "christian college and seminary classes exist for this : to say things that will keep each other believing .", "christian counseling exists for this : to say things that will keep each other believing .", "church planting teams all over the world exist for this : to say things that will keep each other believing .", "christian marriages and parenting exist for this : to say things that will keep each other believing .", "do this for each other .", "“ exhort one another every day , as long as it is called “ today , ” that none of you may be hardened by the deceitfulness of sin ” ( hebrews 3 : 13 ) .", "by contrast , think of the way a high - reliability team — say , an emergency room staff or a swat team — works .", "every member has a precise understanding of what things mean .", "surgeons and nurses speak the same medical language .", "swat teams know exactly what weapons to use , and when and how and under what conditions to use them .", "in these professions , there is absolutely no room for sloppy communication .", "if team members don ’ t speak to each other with precision , people die .", "people don ’ t die in corporations , but without clear definitions and directions from the top , they work ineffectively and at cross - purposes .", "before examining each one , i ’ d like to address a few possible objections head - on .", "first , why do these five particular topics matter so much — why would defining corporate culture be a higher priority than , say , defining customer relationships ?", "certainly , other terms carry a premium in some organizations , but i ’ ve found that these five are excellent places to start and are highly representative of the kind of difficulties that exist for leaders as they speak to their teams day to day .", "the topics not only present the sharpest examples of the dangers of imprecise communication , but , when mastered , they also produce the greatest leadership leverage .", "in the end , the power of clear communication is really a game of leverage .", "a ceo who communicates precisely to ten direct reports , each of whom communicates with equal precision to 40 other talented employees , effectively aligns the organization ’ s commitment and energy around a clear , well - understood , shared vision of the company ’ s real goals , priorities , and opportunities .", "he or she saves the company time , money , and resources and allows extraordinary things to happen .", "the whole issue of hiring is further complicated by one sticky little problem : there ’ s a lot of competition out there for qualified salon personnel .", "it ’ s not uncommon for rival salon owners to try to lure away talented stylists from each other with promises of more money and better working conditions .", "then there ’ s the issue of walk - outs : when salon staff — usually stylists — decide they can do better on their own and leave a salon en masse to start their own businesses .", "not only does the original salon lose its qualified staff , but it also then must compete for new staff members with the turncoats who left .", "great post , jeff .", "i ’ m definitely not a geek and i really identified with your description of trudging through basic html coding but mostly just using the things geeks create .", "i liked to write , do music , and at one time i liked to draw .", "i do agree that we need both .", "crew a submarine with friends in we need to go deeper - a 2 - 4 - player cooperative submarine roguelike set in a verne - inspired undersea universe .", "we need to go deeper is a 2 - 4 - player cooperative submarine roguelike set in a verne - inspired undersea universe .", "in the game , you and your crew must embark on many voyages into a mysterious undersea trench known as the living infinite . \"", "it ' s rare to find something genuinely fresh in a roguelike . . . but we need to go deeper is the rare example of a rl that grabbed my attention out of left - field . \"", "- pc gamer \" we need to go deeper ’ s style , personality , and goals are admirable . \"", "- rock paper shotgun \" it ' s easy to tell they truly care about providing a new type of experience with we need to go deeper . \"", "- go !", "indie beat if we accept that the leader ’ s job , at its core , is to inspire and support the organization ’ s collective responsibility to create a better future for the company , then what are the keys to effectiveness ?", "what tools do leaders need at hand for this mission ?", "what mental models must they have ?", "i like to think of good leaders as comparable to skilled locomotive drivers .", "the train is controlled by a set of switches and levers .", "when the driver pulls one lever , the train goes forward ; when he pulls another , it stops , and so on .", "when an organization is well aligned , all the managerial levers are easily and neatly moved .", "they function smoothly so that driver , passengers , and train gracefully move forward as one .", "john piper preached this message at bethlehem college & seminary in downtown minneapolis , where he is chancellor .", "students are equipped for joyful lives of high - impact , helping other people be eternally happy , by learning and sharing that god is most glorified in us when we are most satisfied in him .", "“ making it to the end in faith shows that we were real — we had indeed come to share in christ .", "” and the grace we are talking about in this message is the grace of perseverance .", "and what we have seen of the grace of perseverance in these messages is that perseverance is necessary for final salvation ( “ the one who endures to the end will be saved .", "” mark 13 : 13 ) ; and that perseverance is guaranteed for all those who are born of god ( “ he who began a good work in you will bring it to completion at the day of jesus christ .", "” philippians 1 : 6 ) ; and that perseverance is accomplished through means , one of which is christian fellowship — as i ’ ve tried to define it .", "take care , brothers , lest there be in any of you an evil , unbelieving heart , leading you to fall away from the living god .", "but exhort one another every day , as long as it is called “ today , ” that none of you may be hardened by the deceitfulness of sin .", "for we have come to share in christ , if indeed we hold our original confidence firm to the end .", "here ’ s my suggestion for how these five realities actually work to bring about the catastrophe warned against here and that christian fellowship is designed by god to prevent : sin can be spoken of subjectively , as something that we feel or do , or objectively , as something we are drawn to feel or do .", "in either case sin , in essence , is a preference for anything over god .", "therefore , all sin — whether alluring us or being experienced by us — is deceitful .", "all sin is a lie because nothing is more preferable than god .", "therefore , all sin , which consists in preferring anything to god , is lying to us .", "of course , ninety percent of the interchanges between christians are not in crisis .", "but every one of them counts for eternity .", "we are either weakening people ’ s affections for god , or strengthening them .", "we are either building up toward heaven , or tearing down toward hell .", "and paul said , while we won ' t always have time to respond to every suggestion or request , we will try and keep the steam forums an active place for discussion , and promise to keep an active eye on what topics the community is most passionate about .", "we plan to continuously add interesting tools and weapons throughout development as we come up with new and unique items to take advantage of various play - styles and to better give players a depth of strategic options to choose from , in addition to supplying our players with plenty of items for annoying their friends with .", "while we won ' t always have time to respond to every suggestion or request , we will try and keep the steam forums an active place for discussion , and promise to keep an active eye on what topics the community is most passionate about .", "for example , one ceo always keeps communications about hierarchy admirably brief and to the point .", "when he realized he needed to realign internal resources , he told the staff : “ i ’ m changing the structure of resources so that we can execute more effectively .", "” after unveiling a new organization chart , he said , “ it ’ s 10 : 45 . you have until noon to be annoyed , should that be your reaction .", "at noon , pizza will be served .", "at one o ’ clock , we go to work in our new positions .", "” though jim made a point of hiring the best and the brightest from top engineering and business schools , he didn ’ t listen to his new team .", "strategy , for example , was not jim ’ s strongest suit , but he believed he knew best how to combat competitive threats .", "when his managers made suggestions for staving off the competition , jim ignored them , using his positional power to drown out discussion .", "he ’ d say of a rival company : “ there ’ s no way those guys could be close to our technology .", "i ’ ve met the ceo there and i know we can beat them .", "i will explain what we have to do .", "” while forceful and somewhat persuasive , he was out of touch with market reality , and his team knew it .", "frustrated , his managers soon grasped the implicit message that they were neither heard nor valued , and they began to flee the company , taking much intellectual capital with them .", "jim , oblivious to perceptions of his own behavior , was baffled by the exodus , telling himself that the people who left didn ’ t “ get it .", "” by recognizing the impact of clear and direct communication and seeking feedback from their teams , leaders leverage , rather than abuse , their positional power .", "the most effective leaders i know , ceos who understand that the risks of miscommunication are very high , ask themselves the following questions on their way to work : what needs to happen today so that we can get where we want to go ?", "where is there confusion in my company ?", "what vague belief or notion can i clarify or debunk today ?", "what have i not communicated completely or clearly ?", "what kinds of things are people taking for granted ?", "more and more , i am seeing creatives and geeks partnering together to make change .", "geeks need fresh ideas from creatives ( even when the ideas defy logic ) , and creatives rely on geeks for making their ideas happen .", "another area of connection is local meetups .", "these can formal or informal , but these two groups of people need to find more excuses to hang out together .", "events that really have helped me grow in my understanding of technology are the “ un - conferences ” barcamp and podcamp .", "( this is the fourth year of podcamp nashville , and i ’ m posting this as part of the blog tour .", "if you ’ ll be there , let ’ s connect . )", "when it comes to actually developing big ideas and products , i still need a good geek .", "luckily , i ’ ve found one .", "😉 i ’ m continuing to learn ( it just takes some of us longer ) that my stewardship is best with them , and keeping my own need - to - know focused on the desired / hoped - for results .", "“ results ” is another powerful concept that , left unmanaged , poses a risk to a company ’ s long - term health .", "when a top executive tells employees they need to “ focus on our promised results , ” senior managers often interpret that as meaning “ do whatever it takes to meet investors ’ expectations .", "” by losing sight of the connection between employee behavior and results , and failing to take advantage of learning opportunities , leaders miss out on building long - term value for their firms .", "if a top executive says employees need to “ focus on our promised results , ” senior managers often interpret that to mean “ do whatever it takes to meet investors ’ expectations .", "” one ceo i knew truly believed that the only purpose of his job was to make aggressive predictions and promises about quarterly results and then achieve the numbers by any means possible .", "by the ninth week of every quarter , when projections fell short , he put enormous pressure on his sales professionals and finance people .", "his implicit message was : “ these are the results i need ; i don ’ t care how you get it done .", "” he fully expected the company to thrive .", "in start your own hair salon and day spa , the staff at entrepreneur press and writer eileen figure sandlin explain how you can launch a successful full - service hair salon and day spa , a business that can be personally rewarding , makes a lot of people happy and can be very lucrative .", "in this edited excerpt , the authors outline the type of employees you ' ll need to help make your salon / spa a success .", "one of the more challenging aspects of being a salon owner will be hiring and retaining good employees .", "this can seem like a daunting task , not just because both of these responsibilities can be very time - consuming but also because there ’ s so much riding on employees ’ skills .", "their ability and talent , as well as their attitudes and work ethic , will influence every aspect of the business , from client retention rate to the bottom line , so you ' ll need to choose your employees very carefully .", "i write books and help writers get their work out into the world .", "i am the best - selling author of four books , including the art of work .", "each week , i send out a newsletter with free tips on writing and creativity .", "a total of 10 unique biomes are planned for the full release .", "each biome will come chock full of unique enemies such as alien jellyfish , volcanic tortoises , burrowing worms , and many others to better flesh out the living infinite ' s dangerous underwater world .", "according to hamm , the best leaders work particularly hard to communicate clearly about five core topics : organizational structure and hierarchy , financial results , the purpose of the leader ’ s job , time management , and corporate culture .", "communicate precisely about these topics to your immediate reports , and you exponentially improve your company ’ s performance : each of your direct reports communicates with equal precision to dozens more talented employees — aligning everyone around a clear , shared vision of your firm ’ s goals , priorities , and opportunities .", "your reward ?", "you save your company money , time , and resources — and enable extraordinary things to happen .", "hairstylists usually are paid in one of two ways : on straight commission or on a salary basis .", "commission - based stylists usually earn 35 to 50 percent for each service they provide .", "salary - based compensation is becoming more common and is actually easier to calculate since wages are typically paid on an hourly basis .", "the u . s . bureau of labor statistics ( bls ) says the median salary for hairdressers , hair stylists and cosmetologists , all of whom are lumped into a single statistical category , is $ 22 , 770 , or $ 10 .", "95 per hour .", "“ they begged us earnestly for the grace and the sharing / participation in the ministry to the saints ” ( 2 corinthians 8 : 4 ) .", "in other words , they wanted to have a share in sending financial relief to the poor in jerusalem .", "“ that i may know him and the power of his resurrection , and the fellowship / sharing of his sufferings ” ( philippians 3 : 10 ) .", "in other words , paul wanted to have a share in the sufferings of christ .", "to participate with him in suffering for the gospel .", "and the last thing to say about it is that it is evil .", "it is an evil heart of unbelief ( verse 12 ) , because it is in the grip of sin ’ s delusion that other things are more desirable than god .", "that is the essence of evil .", "1985 — i wonder whether you remember a very much younger me , sitting in your office and telling you i was afraid god would have to use a car accident or some other awful event to get my attention .", "you pointed out that the consequences of my deliberate choice to continue sinning would be nothing short of hell itself .", "no one had ever before told me i was headed for hell , missionary kid that i was , “ saved ” at the age of six . . . it was a turning point in my life , and i have wanted to thank you until you that , ever since sometimes the exhortation is : he is better !", "he is infinitely better !", "other times , or at the same time , the exhortation is : if you leave him you will be destroyed .", "the camaraderie of christian hedonism : he is better .", "he is enough .", "don ’ t leave him .", "be strong .", "god has you in his hand .", "if you ’ re a christian you are united to christ in a mutual bond with all other christians .", "you are , therefore , in a profound , eternal relationship of love with all believers .", "your calling , therefore , is to be a jonathan in all those relationships .", "© valve corporation .", "all rights reserved .", "all trademarks are property of their respective owners in the us and other countries .", "privacy policy | legal | steam subscriber agreement | refunds © 2017 valve corporation .", "all rights reserved .", "all trademarks are property of their respective owners in the us and other countries .", "want to know why so many organizations sink into chaos ?", "look no further than their leaders ’ mouths .", "too many executives pass on vague marching orders about “ results , ” “ company direction , ” “ accountability , ” and other fuzzy concepts — forcing followers to develop their own interpretations of what the boss means .", "the consequences ?", "people waste time by working at cross - purposes .", "big projects fail .", "and destructive rumors abound .", "a ceo i ’ ll call jim , who ran a once blazingly successful and now defunct desktop - publishing software firm , had been told his whole life that he was brilliant — and he was .", "the recipient of an mba from stanford and a phd from mit and the holder of ten software patents , jim was also a midas : everything he touched seemed to turn to gold .", "it wasn ’ t much of a leap for him to assume that because he was so smart , he necessarily knew what was best for the company .", "jim took great comfort in this assumption ; indeed , since he was deeply insecure in other leadership areas , his identity rested on it .", "in asking his team to be accountable for diagnosing the problem , chris didn ’ t accuse anyone or cast blame .", "he thereby conveyed that his role was to help the team process information .", "he made it clear to the people who worked for him that it was not his job to provide the answers , but rather to help find the best solutions .", "his authentically collaborative approach encouraged the smart people around him to contribute their ideas .", "the task force generated a half dozen thoughtful and feasible theories and several comprehensive recovery plans , the most compelling of which was put into action .", "it produced the hoped - for changes in market share in the next three quarters .", "in the process , several ideas for other successful marketing campaigns were born .", "as a result of his leadership , chris ’ s firm established itself as a powerhouse of intellectual capital in the technology arena .", "his company is now regarded as a unique source of market information and is paid handsome fees to publish its findings .", "alan , the technology company ceo , sent the message that time was to be fought against , and he set unreasonable expectations .", "mark king ’ s message was that time was not the enemy , just a fact of the situation , and there were other , more controllable levers that could be used to meet the challenges at hand .", "alan saw time as a fearsome , inflexible monster , best overcome by brute force ; king saw it as a neutral phenomenon , best handled with flexibility .", "both men had a strong vision of what success would look like , but king was willing to make trade - offs in the service of quality .", "( see the sidebar “ 84 great things .", "” ) shampoo / salon assistant .", "this is the person who shampoos clients ’ hair while the stylist is finishing up another client .", "he or she may also fold towels , sweep up hair clippings , and provide other general assistance around the shop .", "often these assistants are newly minted cosmetology graduates who are looking for experience in the industry , or licensed assistants who haven ’ t yet completed enough hours to become a fully licensed stylist .", "salon assistants earn minimum wage or a little more .", "recruiter .", "com says the median annual income for a shampooer is $ 17 , 900 . receptionist .", "in addition to greeting customers , the receptionist answers the phone , books appointments , gives directions , cashes out customers , and performs various other customer service duties like making coffee or even hanging up coats for clients .", "you should put this person in charge of the salon sound system , and make sure they ' re extremely knowledgeable about the salon products you sell .", "a receptionist is usually paid a median wage of $ 12 .", "49 per hour , according to the bls .", "aesthetician .", "aestheticians hold a special license from the state so they can provide services like facials , waxing , massage and other specialty body - care services .", "often this person also does makeup consultations and application , especially if there ’ s no room in the budget to hire a dedicated makeup artist .", "the bls reports that skin - care specialists like aestheticians have median annual earnings of $ 28 , 640 . so when you share with us in the realities we have seen and heard , namely the realities of jesus , then you share not only with us , but you share with us in our sharing in the father and the son .", "and that expression of love — that demonstration of christian fellowship — may be at times bloodearnest as in the moment of martyrdom when hugh latimer said to nicholas ridley as they are about to be burned at the stake in 1555 , “ play the man , master ridley ; we shall this day light such a candle , by god ' s grace , in england , as i trust shall never be put out .", "” that is christian fellowship as a means of perseverance !", "the most important passage in the bible to make this point — that christian fellowship is a means of perseverance in faith — is hebrews 3 : 12 – 14 . so i invite you to turn to it .", "tom steller looked at this text briefly in his message on the word of god as means six weeks ago .", "let ’ s spend a few minutes at the level of its logical relationships , and then deal with what i call the reality factor .", "then we ’ ll end with some examples of how this works .", "and that inference from the logical connection between the imperative of verse 13 and the truth of verse 14 is confirmed by the way the writer explains the dynamics of falling away from god .", "and here we turn to what i mean by the reality factor .", "“ every exchange with others counts for eternity .", "we are either weakening people ’ s affections for god , or strengthening them .", "” my righteous one shall live by faith , and if he shrinks back , my soul has no pleasure in him .", "but we are not of those who shrink back and are destroyed , but of those who have faith and preserve their souls .", "( hebrews 10 : 38 – 39 ) we built a free tool so you don ’ t have to worry about that ever again .", "thanks , john !", "would ’ ve been cool to connect ; we ’ ll definitely have to do it in 2012 !", "thanks for sharing this story .", "really helpful and a great application of the post !", "well said , jeff .", "i work with both sides , and our outcomes are clearly better when we have them both at the table from start to finish .", "( also : am i extra creative in that i get next to no star wars references ? )", "pigeon man has been a huge help in the community , particularly on the forums .", "they ' ve taken the time not only to give feedback and suggestions but can also often be found troubleshooting and helping others through bugs and problems .", "he ' s constantly offering to test with us and has sent many log files that have helped us identify some tough bugs !", "pigeon man approaches everyone with kindness and a great sense of humor ; it ' s always clear that they ' re dedicated simply to helping us out , for which we are very grateful .", "- updated unity to 5 .", "6 .", "3 , which alleges more networking stability fixes , especially with the specialized connection types and channels we use for deeper ( see all fixes marked \" multiplayer \" in https : / / unity3d .", "com / unity / whats - new / unity - 5 .", "6 .", "3 ) we ' re hoping to include a few submarines to choose from in the final game , including a larger - scale sub better suited for 4 - man voyages , complete with new consoles such as beds for healing , upgrade stations , leak - fixing drones , etc .", "every executive feels that time is in short supply .", "organizers , time management classes , and administrative assistants remind us of the time we don ’ t have .", "obsessed with deadlines , managers struggle against constraints by trying to squeeze , manipulate , and control the limited hours in the day .", "when the ceo gives employees the message that time is the boss , the “ to - do list ” mentality can easily subsume important goals .", "listen to john piper answer tough theological and pastoral questions .", "watch john piper mark the text on the screen , and learn to study the bible for yourself .", "read a short devotional from john piper for every day of the year .", "listen to john piper answer tough theological and pastoral questions .", "watch john piper mark the text on the screen , and learn to study the bible for yourself .", "read a short devotional from john piper for every day of the year .", "john piper is founder and teacher of desiringgod .", "org and chancellor of bethlehem college & seminary .", "for 33 years , he served as pastor of bethlehem baptist church , minneapolis , minnesota .", "he is author of more than 50 books , including reading the bible supernaturally .", "the topic assigned for me in this series on perseverance is “ christian fellowship as a means of perseverance .", "” so let me begin with a definition of christian fellowship .", "in the new testament , koinonía signifies having a share in something , or sharing with someone in something , or you could say participation in something or with someone .", "for example : “ fellowship is a mutual bond that christians have with christ that puts us in a deep , eternal relationship with one another .", "” or this demonstration of christian fellowship can be as cheerful as a smiling word to your roommate : “ you will survive these final exams .", "and live to see another day .", "” or a word to your friend that you just beat in ping - pong for the fifth time in a row , “ you know joe , i think god made you to preach , and made me to play ping - pong .", "” this too is christian fellowship as a means of perseverance !", "let no corrupting talk come out of your mouths , but only such as is good for building up , as fits the occasion [ whether martyrdom or ping - pong ] , that it may give grace to those who hear .", "“ all sin is a lie because nothing is more preferable than god .", "therefore , all sin , which consists in preferring anything to god , is lying to us .", "” so that ’ s the ground of these two imperatives in verses 12 and 13 : “ take care !", "” and “ exhort one another every day .", "” why ?", "because you know that if your brother ( and that is what he calls them in verse 12 ) — does not hold on to his confidence to the end , he will prove himself to have never shared in christ .", "he will be lost — whether he is called brother or not .", "and from that logic between verse 13 and verse 14 you infer , rightly , “ my exhortation is one of god ’ s means for keeping my brother or my sister holding fast to christ , and thus saving him from destruction .", "” look at the words of verse 12 and 13 . verse 12 : don ’ t let there be an evil , unbelieving heart leading you to fall away .", "then look at the description of that process in verse 13b : don ’ t be hardened by the deceitfulness of sin .", "“ you are god ’ s appointed means to keep your brother or sister from falling into sin .", "” when that deceit insinuates itself into the human heart , one description of the effect is hardness .", "and hardness implies not easily touched or not easily penetrated with truth or beauty or preciousness .", "and this hardening heart is called in verse 12 “ an evil heart of unbelief .", "” unbelief , therefore , is another way of describing what happens as the truth and beauty and worth of christ become less and less desirable — less and less welcome , less able to touch and penetrate the hardening heart .", "because faith , in its essence , is not mere assent to truth about christ , but a heartfelt embrace of all the beauty and value that god is for us in christ .", "as the heart is deceived by the lie of sin — that anything is more desirable than god — it hardens , and the superior beauty and worth of christ are no longer felt .", "and this is called unbelief .", "that is one of the great callings on your life as a christian — all of you .", "this is the calling of christian fellowship — in all its forms .", "will it not be , first : god is better !", "christ is better !", "his way is better .", "and a thousand biblical and experiential descriptions of why his word , his way , his future , his greatness , his guidance , value , his beauty , his friendship is better .", "the pleasures of even the reproaches of christ are greater wealth than the pleasures of egypt .", "that ’ s how hebrews 11 : 26 says it .", "and second , will these exhortations not also be the flip side of he is better , his treasures are greater , namely , the pleasures of egypt are fleeting ( hebrews 11 : 25 ) !", "don ’ t throw him away .", "don ’ t shrink back .", "don ’ t commit eternal suicide .", "you say to your brother , “ if you shrink back , if your heart is deceived , and hard and unbelieving , you will be destroyed .", "that too is part of what christian fellowship says to a straying friend .", "i have a letter here dated 24 august , 1992 from a young woman who grew up as a missionary kid and was going to bethlehem in the mid - eighties .", "she had come in to seem me in 1985 and was living in sexual immorality .", "after a while it seemed right that she needed to hear a serious warning of destruction .", "here ’ s what she wrote to me seven years later .", "i assured mom that a warning such as that 1985 conversation , made me feel all the more loved , after i heard what you really think of hell .", "that you cared enough to tell me , a stranger at the time , means more than ever with the echo in my ears .", "your compassion certainly came through to me .", "after several hours , it lifted .", "that woman is a fruitful and faithful minister in the church today .", "she persevered .", "and i don ’ t doubt that our exhortations that night , by the power of the holy spirit , saved her .", "“ every sermon , every conversation , is a means of final salvation .", "there are no meaningless moments .", "” let no corrupting talk come out of your mouths , but only such as is good for building up , as fits the occasion , that it may give grace to those who hear .", "( ephesians 4 : 29 ) what grace ?", "the grace of perseverance .", "every sermon , every conversation , is a means of final salvation .", "there are no meaningless moments .", "life is awesomely meaningful at every moment .", "let me leave you with one more picture .", "in 1 samuel 23 , david ’ s life is hanging in the balance .", "the lord shows him that people the town of keilah are going to hand him over to saul .", "so david must flee .", "later in the chapter , the ziphites betray david and tell saul where he is , and saul comes after him .", "he escapes by the skin of his teeth .", "imagine the pressure , the stress , the tension , the discouragement .", "is it worth it to be god ’ s anointed ?", "you will ask this in your ministry !", "between those two events — the betrayal of keilah and the treachery of the ziphites — god gives us a glimpse of how david persevered .", "and jonathan , saul ’ s son , rose and went to david at horesh , and strengthened his hand in god .", "( 1 samuel 23 : 16 ) john piper ( @ johnpiper ) is founder and teacher of desiringgod .", "org and chancellor of bethlehem college & seminary .", "for 33 years , he served as pastor of bethlehem baptist church , minneapolis , minnesota .", "he is author of more than 50 books , including reading the bible supernaturally .", "god designed his church so that her members endure in belief by giving and receiving faith - sustaining words of life .", "this slogan became the heartbeat of john piper ’ s life and the hallmark of desiring god ’ s ministry .", "so where did it come from ?", "even in the darkest of days , even in the deepest of valleys , even to the hardest of sinners , christians always have something good to say .", "prosperity preachers would rob us of the opportunity to show the world that christ is truly worth suffering and dying for .", "even in the darkest of days , even in the deepest of valleys , even to the hardest of sinners , christians always have something good to say .", "you can want to be married , long to meet your husband or wife , and still love every minute of your single years with jesus .", "the dance is tomorrow .", "she ’ s a cheerleader , you ’ ve seen star wars 27 times .", "you do the math .", "despite my best attempts , i ’ m not really a geek .", "a geek is someone who understands the difference between php and asp ( hint : they ’ re not hallucinogenic drugs ) .", "they talk in code : ( and write it ) : “ i ’ m working on an api , using mysql , and my isp is all jacked up .", "” these are the “ words ” that come out of geeks ’ mouths .", "i ’ m a wannabe geek .", "i use the tools that geeks make , but don ’ t understand how they actually work .", "i ’ m a half - geek .", "i catch the occasional obscure star wars reference on the big bang theory and can fake my way through some html coding .", "beyond that , i ’ m just like the rest of the noobs out there .", "i ’ m lost .", "in short , i ’ m a creative .", "i used to journal and draw on sketch paper .", "now , i blog and work with graphic designers .", "the tools are different , but the end is still the same : i ’ m just trying to say something .", "so , you might ask , what ’ s a “ creative ” or a “ geek ” ?", "first things first , let ’ s define our terms .", "a creative is an out - of - the box thinker — a dreamer , an artist .", "and for the sake of this discussion , a geek is a technology whiz , particularly adept with computers , usually .", "on the surface level , creatives and geeks are very different .", "geeks often think linearly .", "creatives jump around from obscure idea to idea .", "geeks care about functionality .", "creatives just want something to “ look cool .", "” but the line between creatives and geeks is getting blurred .", "with so many easy - to - use content management systems , anyone can create a nice website .", "with the abundant resources of google and youtube , anyone can learn how to code without having to get a degree in computer programming .", "as a creative , i absolutely recognize my utter dependence on this elite class of mark zuckerbergs .", "but i ’ m also realizing that i have something offer them .", "when creativity and functionality come together , not in a competitive , but complementary way , it ’ s a win / win .", "friendships are essential .", "when i wanted to launch my own self - hosted wordpress blog , i was intimidated , so i called a friend who walked me through the whole process .", "these loosely - structured , highly - informal get - togethers have introduced me tools like twitter and blogging , which have become essential outlets for my creativity .", "by the way , the yoda pic is proof that i ’ ve got at least a little geek in me .", "this was my wife ’ s valentine ’ s present to me ( she knows me well ) .", "also , notice the star wars t - shirt .", "if you don ’ t “ get it , ” don ’ t ask … click here to use the tool .", "i ’ m both ; i ’ m enough geek to have a spider man statue on my desk at work , but i was still able to snag a wife .", "i ’ m creative enough to want to be a graphic designer , but not enough to buy a bus , paint it with swirls and flowers , and drink a lava lamp on a dare .", "hah !", "i imagine that many people will find themselves in the “ both ” boat , especially nowadays .", "one prediction i forgot to make in this post was that i see there being more and more overlap between these two worlds that aren ’ t really so different after all .", "both want to use tools to make an expression .", "thanks for the comment , curtis !", "i am a creative and you nailed the definition .", "i love the “ techie ” stuff as long as i don ’ t have to do the labor intensive things to make it work .", "i like to the “ making it look cool ” part .", "fortunately for me my son likes the geek stuff .", "that will make us a good team once i can get him through high school !", "thanks , knight .", "i agree and can relate to your work .", "i ’ m often a buffer between the two .", "they ’ re two sides of the same coin — both groups are trying to create something that makes a difference .", "and no , that doesn ’ t make you extra creative ; it makes you extra lame .", "😛 totally .", "thanks for the comment , jason .", "the more i learn about geekery , the more i like it .", "🙂 great stuff , jeff .", "i ’ m actually both , but more creative than geek .", "i ’ ve found that in order to get the heavy geekery tackled , i ’ ve had to bring in master geeks ( yodas if you will . )", "i can dream , innovate , and write just enough code to be dangerous ( to myself . )", "i ’ m definitely a creative , although i have had a few geek jobs .", "had to learn on the fly , but it ’ s definitely not my passion .", "i am however married to a geek ( speaks all those alphabet soup languages and then some ) , who is also a creative ( photographer & sound engineer ) .", "so it definitely makes for interesting dinner conversations .", "the lines definitely get blurred .", "again … yes .", "this is true .", "and great .", "hah !", "the more i work with geeks , the more i like them ( and the more my inner geek shows up ) .", "thanks for the comment , robyn .", "i ’ ve learned to surround myself with geeks .", "who , if aren ’ t creatives themselves , have an appreciation for the creative .", "thanks for the comment , dale .", "i really hesitated to write this post , because it has the possibility of dichotomizing geeks and creatives when , in fact , i believe geeks are creatives ( a certain type , at least ) .", "thanks for pointing this out .", "i agree !", "great post .", "i ’ m definitely on the creative side with a light helping of geek .", "i love that more creative / geek cooperation is going down .", "i think the world will be a better place for it !", "totally !", "thanks for the comment and tweet love , josh .", "i guess i lean much more on the creative side , but i wouldn ’ t describe myself as an artist .", "i try try try to think outside of the box , but it usual takes a long time and much will power .", "i ’ m a digital strategist … my goal is to find the right strategy and employ necessary tactics via the strategic use of techno - mumbo - jumbo … i rely on teh coders and designrz … i ’ m also hybrid creative strategist … i give a lot of imput on creative process and the feel of a piece , but i do not claim to be a real creative … i have a strong background in account management and business dev .", "jim , i love your work .", "thanks for joining the discussion .", "definitely both here , i know enough g34k sp33k to be dangerous and break something only to fix it , and am creative enough to make me not want to stab my eye .", "hah !", "i love all the “ hybrids ” joining in the conversation .", "“ on the surface level , creatives and geeks are very different .", "geeks often think linearly .", "creatives jump around from obscure idea to idea .", "geeks care about functionality .", "creatives just want something to “ look cool .", "”” i love this — especially the part about the creatives jumping from obscure idea to idea .", "however , i believe that almost , ‘ lack of structure ’ and jumping around .", "is what holds a lot of creatives back .", "i am not geek or a creative .", "but i like geeks and their work .", "i am trying to be someone .", "i ’ m jeff goins , the best - selling author of five books including the art of work and real artists don ’ t starve .", "every week , i share new tips on creative work .", "enter your email below and i ’ ll send you a free book .", "very positive ( 45 ) - 84 % of the 45 user reviews in the last 30 days are positive .", "very positive ( 641 ) - 81 % of the 641 user reviews for this game are positive .", "sign in to see reasons why you may or may not like this based on your games , friends , and curators you follow .", "get instant access and start playing ; get involved with this game as it develops .", "note : this early access game is not complete and may or may not change further .", "if you are not excited to play this game in its current state , then you should wait to see if the game progresses further in development .", "learn more “ the current version is fairly functional and feature - filled , with 2 - 4 player networked co - op ready to go via lan or online , and a nice handful of starting and mid - game tools and weapons to equip yourself with .", "it also features 6 fleshed out biomes , along with procedurally generated levels , and cave systems to explore , all of which are packed full of enemies .", "customization for characters is also fully functional , with a large variety of outfits to unlock .", "the timely update ( 0 .", "6 .", "2 ) - time traveler , trading cards and more !", "time travel \" souvenirs ! \"", "- the traveler often brings with him \" souvenirs \" from his travels to leave behind in your vessel , of both the dangerous and helpful variety .", "will the traveler leave behind one of 14 new unique enemies from all reaches of time and space ?", "or will he leave your crew a helpful upgrade , item , or elixir ?", "only time will tell !", "mysterious messages !", "finally , keep an ear out for what the traveler has to say when he passes by , because sometimes he ' ll have special messages to share that may hint at the living infinite ' s deepest secrets . . . - dynamite can no longer repair breaks - yes , even if you aim it really well .", "august ' s player of the month is . . . pigeon man !", "as usual , our player of the month pigeon man will be sent 4 copies of wntgd as a reward for their efforts .", "crate update # 4 - the ramming crate ( 0 .", "6 .", "0 ) this month ' s crate update is all about quality over quantity .", "there ' s not much packed in this crate , but what is here sure does fill a whole lotta space !", "a new submarine , network fixes and more await those who dare unpack the ramming crate !", "that ' s right , a new submarine has entered the mix , but this time , you better save up your bottom dollar for it !", "introducing the espadon a brand - new vessel equipped with a large sharp nose , made for piercing foes , and charging through obstacles like nobody ' s business !", "it ' s the fastest sub in the game so far , though speed comes at a price , for there are no shields equipped on this bad boy , so you better make good use of your offensive capabilities .", "- finally fixed permanent movement impairing effects .", "- fixed yet another problem that was causing the blobfish not to leave puke all over the sub .", "now he will .", "you ' re welcome .", "https : / / www .", "youtube .", "com / watch ?", "v = jtierlohu9u & feature = youtu .", "be & t = 5m41sid = 1110464522 & searchtext = deeper - torpedo damage has been redistributed .", "a direct hit yields 6 damage , whereas area of effect damage yields 5 damage ( adjusted from the previous 10 for direct hit and 1 for area of effect ) warning : this game is co - op only .", "bring friends .", "to be successful in your mission , you and your crew will have to work together to pilot a submarine , as only with your submersible in - tact will you be able to live to see the bottom of the living infinite .", "the early access version currently features a fully fledged procedural generation system that creates a new trench layout every time you take a dive , diversifying things further with 6 unique biomes and a work - in - progress \" ai dungeon master \" who alters difficulty on the fly .", "repair leaks , load torpedoes and route power to shields , lights , weapons , and the engine as you and your friends dash around the submarine on its voyage into the deep .", "leave the safety of your submarine to explore procedurally generated undersea caves , where you may come across treasure and danger in equal measure .", "choose from a variety of era - specific outfits from the 19th century to spruce up your adventurer !", "non - gender - specific mustaches included . \"", "sounds fun ! . .", "the game sports a really unique look . \"", "- kotaku \" gosh , i think i love it already . \"", "- pcgamesn \" it boasts a lovely , unique art style that looks something like big - headed edward gorey drawings , and the game ’ s concept is just plain cool . \"", "- indie statik processor : intel ® core ™ i5 - 2450m processor ( 3m cache , up to 3 .", "10 ghz ) or better os : mac os 10 .", "12 or later processor : intel ® core ™ i5 - 2450m processor ( 3m cache , up to 3 .", "10 ghz ) or better to view reviews within a date range , please click and drag a selection on a graph above or click on a specific bar .", "you can use this widget - maker to generate a bit of html that can be embedded in your website to easily allow customers to purchase this game on steam .", "sign in to add your own tags to this product .", "vat included in all prices where applicable .", "privacy policy | legal | steam subscriber agreement | refunds your shopping cart is empty .", "if you want to know why so many organizations sink into chaos , look no further than their leaders ’ mouths .", "over and over , leaders present grand , overarching — yet fuzzy — notions of where they think the company is going .", "they assume everyone shares their definitions of “ vision , ” “ accountability , ” and “ results .", "” the result is often sloppy behavior and misalignment that can cost a company dearly .", "effective communication is a leader ’ s most critical tool for doing the essential job of leadership : inspiring the organization to take responsibility for creating a better future .", "five topics wield extraordinary influence within a company : organizational structure and hierarchy , financial results , the leader ’ s sense of his or her job , time management , and corporate culture .", "properly defined , disseminated , and controlled , these topics give the leader opportunities for increased accountability and substantially better performance .", "a leader has one job : inspiring followers to create a better future for the organization .", "and effective communication is his single most critical tool for accomplishing that mission .", "when your company reorganizes , quickly frame the change as a way to optimize your company ’ s resources — not to oust or devalue employees .", "example : discuss disappointing results not as evidence of punishable failure but as useful diagnostic and learning tools that enable constant improvement .", "example : when a technology firm missed a quarterly goal , the ceo asked his team rigorous questions about what caused the shortfall , rather than placing blame .", "instead of worrying who would take the heat , team members uncovered the problem ’ s root cause and identified ways to prevent a recurrence .", "from then on , the company ’ s track record for quality was the envy of the industry .", "let followers know that your job is not to provide all the answers but to invite their ideas .", "example : when one ceo met with functional leaders to discuss the company ’ s failure to increase market share , he listened to their viewpoints , posed questions , and challenged opinions rather than stating his own theory .", "he then assigned a task force to address the problem .", "the team generated numerous recovery plans , the most compelling of which was implemented .", "the plan produced the desired market - share gains in the next three quarters .", "communicate the importance of using time strategically , rather than trying to get more things done faster .", "ask where you can best focus your team ’ s energy .", "by understanding that you have a choice about how limited time can be used , you can free up needed resources to focus on your most important goals .", "create a healthy culture by articulating the right goals and defining criteria for success .", "example : the ceo of a telephony - software company runs his firm like a high - performing sports team .", "he displays metrics — sales , expenses , revenues — on a scoreboard for all to see .", "and he clearly defines what success looks like : “ p / e ratio of 15 , market share of 20 % , 30 % year - over - year revenue growth .", "” large goals —“ $ 20 million by the third quarter ”— are broken into strategic parts marked on the scoreboard .", "even the most senior managers nod in polite agreement when the ceo uses inflated terms like these , but the executives may feel somewhat discomfited , wondering whether they ’ ve truly understood .", "rather than asking for clarification — a request they fear would make them look stupid — they pass on vague marching orders to their own troops , all of whom develop their own interpretations of what their bosses mean .", "in the absence of clear communication that satisfies the urgent desire to know what the boss is really thinking , people imagine all kinds of motives .", "the result is often sloppy behavior and misalignment that can cost a company dearly .", "precious time is wasted , rumors abound , talented people lose their focus , big projects fail .", "for the past five years , i ’ ve worked with hundreds of ceos as a leadership coach , a board member , a venture capital investor , and a strategy consultant .", "i ’ ve also been a president and ceo myself ( my company , whistle communications , was acquired by ibm in 1999 ) .", "the companies whose ceos i ’ ve worked with — typically technology firms — range in size from about 100 to several thousand people .", "in observing ceos , i ’ ve come to the conclusion that the real job of leadership is to inspire the organization to take responsibility for creating a better future .", "i believe effective communication is a leader ’ s single most critical management tool for making this happen .", "when leaders take the time to explain what they mean , both explicitly ( by carefully defining their visions , intentions , and directions ) and implicitly ( through their behavior ) , they assert much - needed influence over the vague but powerful notions that otherwise run away with employees ’ imaginations .", "by clarifying amorphous terms and commanding and managing the corporate vocabulary , leaders effectively align precious employee energy and commitment within their organizations .", "in researching this topic , i have discovered that many leaders don ’ t take the time to define specifically what they mean when they use generalized terms or clichés .", "they don ’ t want to feel that they are talking down to people by providing what seems like unnecessary detail or context .", "leaders simply assume that the exact meaning of their words is obvious ; they ’ re surprised to learn not only that their message has been unclear but that their teams crave definitions so they aren ’ t forced to guess what the boss has in mind .", "in my experience , five such topics control the train : organizational structure and hierarchy , financial results , the leader ’ s sense of his or her job , time management , and corporate culture .", "messages on these subjects wield extraordinary influence within the firm .", "when leaders take it for granted that everyone in the organization shares their assumptions or knows their mental models regarding the five subject areas , they lose their grip on the managerial levers and soon have the proverbial runaway train on their hands .", "but properly defined , disseminated , and controlled , the five topics afford the leader opportunities for organizational alignment , increased accountability , and substantially better performance .", "i am hardly suggesting that in defining the five concepts precisely , leaders should become dictators or blowhards .", "on the contrary , i am suggesting that when a leader defines what he or she really means and sets a clear direction according to that definition , relationships and feedback improve , action is more efficient and on - strategy , and improved performance follows .", "the organizational chart , because it represents individual power or influence , is an emotionally charged framework even during a company ’ s most stable times .", "but when the corporate structure is changing , the org chart can truly become fearsome , particularly in companies where , because of the political culture , employees worry about risk to their personal status .", "if a ceo fails to take definitional control of a reorganization , with its prospect of job losses , boss changes , and new modes of working , the whole company can grind to a halt .", "consider what happened when one well - known former ceo allowed the default assumptions surrounding the term “ reorganization ” to take hold .", "a few years ago , carly fiorina decided that hewlett - packard needed a top - to - bottom reshuffling .", "she had a fixed idea that reorganizations must be managed with extreme care , and she implicitly communicated her belief by the cautious way she floated her ideas with senior managers .", "she worried that a reshuffling plan would open a pandora ’ s box of political sensitivities , especially among middle managers .", "for this reason , everyone assumed that “ reorganization ” was cause for fear and trembling .", "for two months prior to fiorina ’ s official announcement , work slowed or stopped as employees , not knowing precisely what to expect or fear , shifted their focus to the upcoming changes .", "managers , jostling for power and position , got lost in political battles .", "motivation plummeted .", "contractors were put off , since no one knew who would be managing which divisions after the reorganization .", "when the new organizational structure was finally communicated , still more time passed unproductively as employees settled into their new positions .", "a total of 12 weeks — a full quarter — were effectively lost .", "if you multiply that time by employee salaries , and factor in the inevitable lapses in customer service and product innovation during the period , you can conservatively estimate the damage to the company .", "it may be unreasonable to blame fiorina for failing to realize that she was communicating her trepidation , or to fault her for not divining the consequences of talking about her reorganization ideas months ahead of time .", "after all , leaders cannot be held to perfection in execution .", "but they can be held to a standard when communicating a vision and its rationale .", "if fiorina had laid out the master plan behind the reorganization more clearly , made her decisions more quickly , and communicated more explicitly , the troops at hp would have gained a better understanding of the process , the reasons for the extended time frame , and their future places within the company .", "a leader who quickly takes charge of the communication around a reorganization can prevent the discourse from engendering fear .", "the most productive way for a leader to think about organizational structure is as a flexible map of accountability for action and , thus , results — a guideline whose purpose is to define goals and optimize resources , not to oust or devalue employees .", "when a reorganization is presented as such , it loses its reputation as a proxy for personal power shifts , whether real or imagined .", "when a reorganization is presented as simply a guideline for defining goals and optimizing resources , it loses its reputation as a proxy for shifts in personal power .", "obviously , it ’ s one thing to shift personnel in a 150 - person company and quite another to do so in a giant corporation like hp .", "but i would argue that the value of clear , honest , explicit communication rises exponentially with the size of the organization .", "in fact , a large company can be reshuffled much more quickly when the ceo deliberately decides not to inflate the political balloon and won ’ t tolerate others doing so .", "having gathered the data and made her decision , fiorina was under no obligation to provide previews of coming attractions .", "within 48 hours of the announcement , she might have held a companywide meeting , complete with a webcast , to explain why the change was necessary .", "to keep people ’ s minds off who was headed down and who was headed up , she could have asked everyone involved in the changes to identify and submit , in short order , explicit goals for the next 60 days .", "she thus would have communicated that the organization chart has nothing to do with politics and everything to do with organizational effectiveness .", "quite the opposite occurred .", "because the ceo defined “ results ” so narrowly and failed to properly motivate or compensate his selling team , the sales force had no compunction about stuffing the sales channel .", "though the company never met with any punitive action , its poor practices forced recalculations of results and exposed it to huge write - downs .", "revenues stalled at $ 10 million a quarter , and the company was eventually acquired at a discount to its annual revenues .", "in the long term , consistently positive results spring from intelligent strategy and an incessant focus on quality of execution .", "think of a golf pro like tiger woods , whose best bet for winning major championships is to master his aim , setup , and swing .", "once the ball is in the air , there is no way to control it ; it will land where it will .", "similarly , effective leaders understand that there is more leverage in using quarterly results as a metric for long - term improvement than in worrying only about short - term market wins .", "by using results as a diagnostic tool in the service of improving future execution , and by asking employees to participate in the analysis , effective leaders encourage honesty and engage their troops in open dialogue .", "employees are more likely to generate good ideas , and the firm is more likely to surpass financial expectations quarter after quarter .", "i had the pleasure of working for six years under john adler , former ceo of the technology firm adaptec .", "during his 12 years at the helm , adler drove the company ’ s valuation from $ 100 million to over $ 5 billion because he had a very healthy attitude about business goals and financial results .", "for him , results were not a punitive weapon but a useful diagnostic and learning tool .", "when the firm , at one point , missed a quarterly goal , he and his management team analyzed all the factors contributing to the shortfall .", "they discovered that , as a result of an unusual quality - control issue , the company had been unable to make some end - of - quarter shipments .", "instead of reacting emotionally and assigning blame , adler asked rigorous questions of the senior management team , which was able to uncover the root cause of the problem .", "he communicated this information broadly to ensure organizational learning .", "by focusing on and taking responsibility for the truth , adler made others in the company feel safe to discuss the issue without fear of an emotional response that might lead to arbitrary punishment .", "through his actions , adler sent an implicit message that the past was over and tomorrow was another day .", "rather than being immobilized by uncertainty and wondering who would be forced to take the heat , software engineers and quality assurance technicians worked together to improve their processes to minimize the probability of missing sales projections because of last - minute quality or manufacturing glitches .", "from that point forward , the company ’ s track record for quality was the envy of the industry .", "by adjusting his “ swing , ” adler was able to achieve accurate , consistently excellent results for the duration of his tenure .", "ceos wear many hats and play many roles in the service of leadership , but , surrounded by people who seek their feedback and approval , some fall into the trap of thinking that their responsibility is to be the person who has all the answers .", "( this is especially true of entrepreneurial ceos who are also founders , because their identities are closely tied with their companies . )", "the “ answer man ” falsely believes himself to be the final arbiter of conflicts , decisions , and dilemmas .", "this puts him in a very lonely , isolated position where information becomes unreliable and useful input is stifled .", "effective leaders , by contrast , understand that their role is to bring out the answers in others .", "they do this by very clearly and explicitly seeking contributions , challenges , and collaboration from the people who report to them , using their positional power not to dominate but rather to drive the decision - making process .", "the more collaborative and apolitical that process is , the less isolated the leader , and the greater the likelihood that the business strategy will be grounded in reality .", "contrast jim ’ s understanding and communication of his role to that of a ceo i ’ ll call chris , who ran a technology research firm .", "chris , too , was brilliant and confident — top of his class at harvard and a military hero in the gulf war — but instead of expressing his intelligence arrogantly , he conveyed curiosity .", "in functional meetings , he communicated that for the duration of the session , he wouldn ’ t wield his positional power as ceo but instead would be just another contributor of ideas .", "he listened to everyone ’ s point of view before expressing his own .", "he posed questions and challenged opinions .", "in one meeting with his marketing team , he listened to presentations from public relations , marketing , and advertising managers .", "when he finally spoke , he noted that the company had outspent competitors in a bid to raise visibility for its flagship product but had yet to make a dent in competitors ’ market share .", "he asked that a smaller group convene within a week to find out why .", "aware that the “ boss ’ s answer ” would stifle the group ’ s creativity and thus do more harm than good , he resisted the temptation to state his own theory .", "like the level 5 leaders jim collins describes , chris led by separating his ego from his job .", "leaders like chris understand that their role is to ask great questions , and they know that answers can be found as long as employees feel safe offering them .", "accordingly , the entire team moves the company forward .", "allow me to illustrate with an extreme - sounding but true example of a ceo with whom i worked .", "alan , as i ’ ll call him , was the busy head of a midsize technology firm in silicon valley .", "a former engineer who was ruled by his day - timer , to - do list , and blackberry , he started every day feeling that he was “ behind , ” long before the opening bell on wall street .", "the time management system was his scripture , efficiency his credo , and prioritizing his job 1 . alan ’ s fixed idea was that time was the enemy ; he communicated this message to his team , telling the members that by managing time better than their counterparts at rival firms , they could drive the company to success .", "his obsession with time created a palpable anxiety .", "when executives assume that managerial topics are understood the same way by everyone , they surrender the opportunity to lead effectively .", "leaders who explicitly say what they mean are better able to leverage the energy and commitment of their followers .", "when economic conditions in the valley worsened , alan was forced to impose a moratorium on head - count growth .", "then the company received a request for proposal from bellsouth .", "alan jumped at the opportunity to make a big software sale and focused his already stretched workforce on the project .", "implicitly , time management became the operational currency of the organization .", "alan became even more conscious of employees ’ use of time , so he separated elements of the project into streams , telling his direct reports where and how to use their hours and minutes to produce the rfp .", "when he was giving feedback to his direct reports , his first question was about how they used the time they devoted to their work .", "despite everyone ’ s efforts , however , there weren ’ t enough hours in the day to keep up .", "the company submitted the rfp on time , all its i ’ s dotted and t ’ s crossed , then waited with bated breath for what alan was certain would be a positive response from bellsouth .", "but the company lost to a firm with inferior technology .", "the problem had less to do with the content of the proposal than with the way it was delivered .", "alan and his team had created a perfect rfp but failed to invest in any relationship building with anyone at bellsouth .", "the competitor , by contrast , had developed close relationships with the telecommunications firm .", "simply put , alan ’ s people were so obsessed with meeting tasks on deadline that they had lost sight of the project as a whole , and the customer in particular .", "it was as if the cooks at alan ’ s firm had made an exquisite , five - course dinner but had forgotten the wine , the tablecloth , and the flowers and had served the food cold .", "they delivered what alan said he expected .", "a ceo can be more effective if she communicates to the company that the resource of time must not be squeezed for all it is worth but instead must be strategically utilized .", "it ’ s a subtle but important distinction .", "a leader who harps on time constraints and breathes down managers ’ necks , trying to get them to do too much in the allotted period , can make the organization frantic and , ultimately , ineffective .", "a leader who communicates that when time is tight , it ’ s better to do fewer things — but do them very well — gives managers the confidence to make the best use of this precious resource .", "that way , everyone involved works within the time parameters to do what needs to be done .", "one leader who understands the importance of communicating properly about time is mark king , the ceo of taylormade - adidas golf .", "king desperately wanted to launch an industry - changing product to mark the company ’ s 25th anniversary in the spring of 2004 . the golf equipment business , like music , cars , and fashion , is trend driven ; king knew that if his company could develop a breakthrough product and launch it at a very powerful point in the industry ’ s history , the company would cement its status as golf ’ s leading performance brand .", "at first , king envisioned an entire new line of clubs based on the bold idea of movable weight , and he set all his best engineers working on development .", "they put in long hours , but as the six - month mark neared , he realized that his objective would be impossible to meet by the anniversary date .", "he could not ask for more time from the team , nor could he change the deadline .", "so he changed the goal .", "taylormade would develop a single golf club that would showcase the technology of movable weight , and the product would debut at the anniversary event in front of hundreds of reporters and industry influencers .", "instead of struggling against time , king shifted his choices within the time constraint .", "how , he asked himself , could his teams best use their hours ?", "instead of playing beat the clock by trying to do everything he wished , where could they best focus their energy ?", "how could time be optimized ?", "by understanding that he had a choice about how the limited time could best be used , he was able to free up needed technical and marketing resources and focus on quality and branding .", "the new taylormade r7 quad driver , unveiled on the anniversary , garnered rave reviews .", "pga and european tour golfers snapped it up .", "by the time the 2004 pga and european tours came to an end , half the professionals worldwide owned the new driver , guaranteeing its popularity among the golfing public .", "a dozen additional products followed , completing the team ’ s vision for the line of clubs .", "the meal was well planned , cooked , and served .", "today , taylormade is the fastest growing golf - equipment firm in the world , and its r7 driver is the flagship product in a multihundred - million - dollar product line .", "what is corporate culture , and why is communicating clearly and precisely about it important ?", "culture is not created by declaration ; it derives from expectations focused on winning .", "you can only have a culture that encourages performance if you hire the right people , require them to behave in a way that is consistent with the values the company espouses , and implement processes that will allow the company to win in the marketplace .", "ceos who fail to define success and communicate their vision of it , and fail to make their expectations clear to employees , produce meaningless cultures .", "the silly cultural activity arising from the high - tech bubble of the late 1990s is a wonderful example .", "i remember one silicon valley ceo who opened the “ culture cupboard ” and fed employees with all kinds of treats — friday beer bashes , foosball tables , and the like .", "he even hired a “ chief culture officer , ” an hr executive whose job was making employees feel fleetingly happy , even when the company lost a client or had a bad quarter .", "the idea was that if people felt good , if they were “ empowered ” and were working together , then good results would follow naturally .", "it was all about employee morale and attitude and teamwork .", "but managers lost sight of core business metrics .", "in the end , people wanted to work for a firm that did more than cheerlead them — they wanted a share in a successful ipo .", "eventually , the company was acquired for mere asset value because instead of developing a winning strategy , the ceo engaged in indulgent avoidance .", "a healthy culture is created and maintained by focusing on the right goals and creating the experience of winning in the marketplace .", "a telephony - software company ceo i ’ ll call jeff runs his firm like a high - performing sports team .", "a big , football - style scoreboard on a conference room wall displays the company metrics — sales , expenses , revenues — for all to see .", "all personnel in the company , screened for their collaborative as well as their analytical skills , work on six - person teams ( according to the u . s . navy seals , six is the ideal number of participants on any high - intensity project ) .", "individuals are only as effective as their teams ; everyone in the firm adheres to a strict set of values and basic standards of conduct .", "finally , everyone in the company knows what winning looks like : a p / e ratio of 15 , a market share of 20 % , and 30 % year - over - year revenue growth .", "if the company ’ s goal is to make $ 20 million by the third quarter , the goal is broken down into strategic parts marked on the scoreboard .", "the spirit of the company is a function of its collective commitment to success , not the most recent company outing .", "successful companies are places where people want to come to work — not to be coddled but to make a difference .", "in companies with healthy cultures , employees aren ’ t kept in the dark ; rather , they are supported in the belief that they are part of an exciting future .", "they come to work with a fire inside them , a result of clearly stated leadership and business practices that everyone explicitly understands .", "every person in the company knows how to individually contribute to its future .", "• • • a version of this article appeared in the may 2006 issue of harvard business review .", "john hamm ( johnhamm @ mac .", "com ) is a general partner at vsp capital in san francisco and the author of “ why entrepreneurs don ’ t scale ” ( hbr december 2002 ) .", "he led a ceo “ boot camp ” in the bay area for four years .", "copyright © 2017 harvard business school publishing .", "all rights reserved .", "harvard business publishing is an affiliate of harvard business school .", "owner / operator .", "you ’ re an employee , too , so you ’ re first on the list .", "your day - to - day responsibilities will include overseeing operations , ensuring customer service is a top priority , making financial decisions , checking salon product and retail product inventory , handling personnel matters , hiring new staff , and assessing employee performance .", "all this is in addition to providing salon services if you ’ re a licensed , practicing cosmetologist .", "if you ’ re providing salon services as well , you can expect to spend up to 60 hours a week or more in the salon , depending on your bookings .", "salon manager .", "unless your salon is extremely small , the price you ’ ll pay for a manager ’ s salary is worth it .", "the manager can handle myriad tasks like paperwork , recordkeeping , employee scheduling , and purchasing .", "they ' ll also oversee salon maintenance and handle facility management issues .", "this person should have the authority to act on your behalf in your absence .", "payscale .", "com says that the median salary in a city like indianapolis for a hair salon and spa manager with less than a year of experience is $ 34 , 000 , while a manager with five or more years of experience earns a median salary of $ 38 , 000 . hairstylist / cosmetologist .", "your stylists are the heart of your salon staff .", "every state requires stylists to be licensed cosmetologists , so you ’ ll want to check their credentials when they apply for a job .", "a cosmetology license typically allows the holder to cut and color hair , and give manicures and facials .", "ordinarily , additional licensing is necessary for services such as massage therapy , but it ’ s possible your cosmetologist will be permitted to give hand and foot massages without extra licenses .", "check with your state ’ s board of cosmetology to see what the requirements are .", "a third compensation method , salary plus commission , is now fairly common .", "this arrangement can help increase business since the hairstylists are guaranteed a salary but earn a premium ( commission ) for every customer they serve .", "manicurist .", "this professional provides services like manicures , pedicures , and acrylic nail application and tipping , and must be a licensed cosmetologist .", "according to the bls , a manicurist earns a median salary of $ 19 , 220 . massage therapist .", "although an aesthetician can provide massage services , a massage therapist has a higher level of training and additional expertise .", "most states require these professionals to hold a massage therapist license .", "according to the bls , the average wage for a massage therapist is $ 35 , 970 . electrologist .", "this person provides hair removal services and needs an electrologist license in many states .", "according to salary .", "com , an electrologist is paid a median salary of $ 21 , 709 . copyright © 2017 entrepreneur media , inc . all rights reserved .", "skip advertisement this ad will close in 15 seconds . . . create an account and get your very own custom experience .", "you can build your profile , instantly start adding what you like to your queue , highlight articles and share your custom experince on social .", "by clicking \" create account \" i agree to the entrepreneur privacy policy and terms of use .", "<EOS>" ]

[ [ "background", "we need each other was recorded over a few months in 2007 , beginning in the middle of the year . the album ' s name had not yet been decided in late august 2007 , but in early november the working title was announced as turn on the lights . however , by december 2007 the title was solidified as we need each other . christopher stevens produced we need each other as he had also done with band ' s previous release the face of love . lead singer matt hammitt explained that the album ' s title represents its general theme . \" there ' s a longing for something bigger than oneself , a band , a song or a crowd of concertgoers . we need to come together as the body of christ , unifying to see god ’ s work done through us . there ’ s so much simple truth in the statement , ' we need each other . ' we can accomplish so much more if we stand together as one . \" two musicians guested on two of the songs from we need each other . it was the first sanctus real album to feature appearances from other musicians outside the band . singer katie herzig appeared on the song \" half our lives \" , singing a lead duet with matt hammitt . guitarist peter york recorded the distinct guitar riffs for the track \" turn on the lights \" . sanctus real guitarist chris rohman has said that \" peter ' tore it up ' in the studio and it turned out great ! it ' s a highlight on the album \" ." ], [ "release", "the album ' s first single , title track \" we need each other \" , was released on november 12 , 2007 . it began increasing in radio airplay during december 2007 , and in february 2008 , the song stayed at number 1 for three weeks on r & r ' s christian contemporary hit radio chart . the album itself was then released on february 12 , 2008 and debuted at # 153 on the billboard 200 , becoming the band ' s highest charting album to date on the 200 chart . the album ' s second single , \" whatever you ' re doing ( something heavenly ) \" was released in may 2008 . a music video for the song debuted in the beginning of june 2008 and was filmed about a month earlier . the third radio single \" turn on the lights \" was released in august 2008 . we need each other went on to receive a grammy award nomination for best rock gospel album ." ] ]

[ "< EOT > pianist kris davis is rapidly becoming one of the most sought out pianists in new york .", "every recording we get our hands on , we find her .", "the trio paradoxical frog with tyshawn sorey and ingrid laubrock , her trio good citizen with john hebert and tom rainey , ingrid laubrock ’ s band anti - house , with tony malaby and her arrangements of his music for novela , on kermit driscolls cd reville , with stephen gauci and jon irabagon , and with the portuguese singer sara serpa , the list going on and on .", "now , it ’ s time for her first solo record .", "in “ aeriol piano ” we can focus our attention entirely on her exquisite piano playing , the music displaying her refreshing style and spirit of adventure .", "from a version on jerome kerns ‘ all the things you are ’ , to a prepared piano composition , to completely improvised pieces , we hear davis exploring and developing all the innovations of her instrument .", "she performs inside and outside of the box , in every moment surprising us with her ability to avoid cliches , forging a new path in jazz piano .", "if you haven ’ t listened to the music of kris davis yet , ‘ aeriol piano ’ will introduce you to a new and innovative voice in jazz today .", "following the philadelphia exposition , the mechanical music business began to grow .", "in 1878 the mechanical orguinette company was founded to sell small reed organs manufactured by the munroe organ company .", "this small operation evolved into the aeolian company .", "in 1896 , theodore p . brown introduced and marketed the ‘ aeriol piano ’ .", "it was the first complete player piano but not the only working design .", "wilcox and white introduced their ‘ angelus ’ cabinet player the same year and edwin s . votey introduced his ‘ pianola ’ at about the same time .", "in 1904 in germany , edwin welte refined the process of making the rolls that controlled all parts of the performance automatically .", "his device , the welte - mignon , essentially allowed playback to mimic the original pianist ’ s performance .", "the impact was immediate : roll manufacturers scrambled to get the world ’ s most notable pianists to record the piano rolls .", "now people could experience the performance in their own homes exactly as the composers had intended them .", "the rolls of the day were 11 ¼ ” wide with holes spaced at 6 per inch .", "these were capable of triggering 65 of the piano ’ s 88 notes .", "this format lasted a little less than 10 years .", "in 1908 , at an industry conference called the buffalo convention , a new standard was introduced : it used the 11 ¼ ” roll but tightened the hole spacing to 9 per inch making it possible to trigger all 88 piano keys .", "the standardization was necessary to avoid any further format wars that made it impossible to play another manufacturer ’ s title on your machine .", "now all machines would play all the titles , no mater who made them .", "the downside was rapid consolidation of the industry since many of the smaller manufacturers couldn ’ t afford to rapidly change their manufacturing processes .", "the three devices exhibited in philadelphia had most of the necessary components of a player piano but the final version would not appear for about twenty more years .", "the missing piece was developing a method to pneumatically read the piano roll .", "the problem that had not yet been solved was dependable airtight tubing .", "though charles goodyear ( 1800 - 1860 ) patented the process of vulcanizing rubber in the us on june 15th , 1844 , the process for extruding tubing had not been worked out dependably enough for wide distribution and availability .", "pouch leather , used as small bellows and inflatable pouches to operate the pneumatic valves were also developed during the ensuing years .", "it was light , airtight and supple enough to do the job .", "up through the 1800s , if you wanted to hear or play music , most of your options involved hearing a live performance or playing an instrument yourself .", "there were exceptions ( some of them described below ) but simple , affordable music delivery systems didn ’ t yet exist .", "popular music was spread by concerts and sheet music .", "since printed music notation was widely available , many people were musically trained .", "they could read music and play at least one instrument : piano , violin , organ , flute , mandolin , guitar , etc .", "it was not unusual to find average people that played many instruments .", "due to the basic ability to read music , they could be described as a discerning and educated consumer of published music .", "during their basic music training , they tended to absorb some compositional knowledge of the classics .", "americans and europeans of the late eighteen hundreds were arguably the most musically knowledgeable consumers of the last century .", "technology brought the desire to create machines that could bring the performances of great musicians into the average person ’ s house .", "it was one thing to buy sheet music of the latest popular tune but something quite different to hear what the composer had in mind .", "it would be even better if someone could develop a way to hear the actual composer perform the new work .", "imagine being able to listen to a world - renowned virtuoso playing the piece as if they were performing on the piano in your living room !", "these ideas obsessed the inventors of the day .", "even so , they couldn ’ t possibly see the impact on the spread and distribution of popular musical tastes if they actually succeeded .", "alexander bain ’ s idea was to use a paper roll with carefully aligned holes to mechanically roll over a linear air source that would blow through the holes over organ pipe reeds .", "he essentially created a traveling valve that replaced the organ keyboard mechanical valves .", "the system worked well and some versions of it are still produced today but there wasn ’ t enough force of air to drive a piano keyboard .", "the concept of the early devices was to allow the owner to play along .", "some rolls provided the left - hand accompaniment so the owner could provide the melody .", "‘ word ’ rolls were also available allowing the players to sing along with the piano music .", "in the beginning of the 1920s , player pianos reached their peak popularity .", "more than half of all pianos in american contained a player unit and most every pianist of note had been called upon to provide piano roll performances .", "there are no reviews yet .", "transactions on the site are protected with up to 256 - bit secure sockets layer encryption .", "trem azul actividades musicais lda .", "american popular music only becomes popular through wide distribution .", "our ability to hear new songs and musical works has been directly linked to the inventions and advancements in the recording industry .", "the following is a work - in - progress of histories of some of the milestones of recording and listening innovations .", "please send your thoughts , comments or corrections .", "the idea of recording a performance and making it readily available and affordable to the public was new .", "what was needed was the technology to make the machines work , the manufacturing capacity for mass production and finally : distribution networks to reach every household in the land .", "the pieces were beginning to fall into place in the late eighteen hundreds .", "the earliest known mechanical device used to create music was invented by the banu musa brothers .", "little is known about the pair except that they were prolific with ideas on how to recreate music mechanically .", "their first known creation was a hydro powered organ .", "a disk , turned by waterpower , rotated interchangeable cylinders automatically .", "the cylinders had raised pins that triggered organ keys .", "the technology of cylinders with raised pins remained the predominant technology for operating automated instruments until the mid nineteenth century .", "the banu musa brothers also created a programmable automated device to play flutes .", "al - jazari invented a programmable device that could simultaneously automate human - like figures to perform different drum patterns triggered by raised pegs on rotating drums .", "it was essentially a robot band that could imitate facial and body motions while performing the drum rhythms .", "an inventor named flanders used the rotating drums with raised pegs to trigger bell ringing .", "these evolved slowly into the music boxes of today where a rotating cylinder with raised pegs strike tuned pins .", "the technology evolved : 1796 – a swiss watchmaker named smooth nikola set down an idea for a cylinder driven music box .", "the first practical device was designed by forneaux in 1863 . this device solved the needed strength for striking the keys by a pneumatic - mechanical amplifier triggered by a perforated cardboard book .", "the device was manufactured for distribution .", "and exhibited at the philadelphia exposition of 1876 along with two other music playing machines .", "one of them was the invention of john mctammany who used a paper roll to trigger a spring loaded mechanical device operating a reed organ and another patented invention by van deusen ( 1867 ) used a paper roll to trigger a pneumatic striker .", "the ‘ pianola ’ was offered to the aeolian company to sell alongside their reed organs in 1897 and aggressively marketed for nationwide distribution .", "with the advertizing developed by harry tremaine and the wilcox and white company , a broad market was established for player pianos .", "catalogs and retail networks with the help of the national rail system made nation - wide distribution possible .", "popular music now had a way into american households all over the country – provided they could afford the player .", "in 1903 the aeolian company had 9 , 000 roll titles in their catalog and were adding 200 per month .", "the most popular titles included religious , classical and light entertainment as well as some ragtime .", "world war i had led to rapid advancements in radio technology including electrical amplification .", "these technologies continued to develop into the 1920s .", "by 1925 , the american public had a variety of new technologies to entertain them : 78 rpm records , and amplified radio sets where they could listen as a group rather than individually under crystal - set headphones .", "the new technologies had brought the actual performances of bands and orchestras into the household .", "player pianos could not compete in price or flexibility and sales declined rapidly .", "by the crash of 1929 , sales of player pianos were essentially dead .", "america loves new technologies and the innovations marched on .", "in 1857 in france , edouard - leon scott came up with a device that allowed the vibrations of sound , captured by the large bell of a horn , to be transferred to a pen and drawn on paper .", "this way , one could see a graphic representation of sound .", "he called his device a phonoautograph ( machine ) .", "it was an interesting academic exercise but didn ’ t have any real practical application .", "ironically , the surviving paper transcriptions of scott ’ s experiments can now be interpreted by computer ( like a record groove ) and played back as sound .", "technically , that makes them the earliest know audio recordings .", "thomas edison saw the possibility of capturing the pattern of vibrations on a solid surface and then translating them back into sound .", "his earliest experiments used a long horn to physically reduce the sounds of a human voice to a stylus ( needle ) scratching the vibration patterns onto a moving tin foil surface .", "then , using a similar stylus firmly attached to the small end of a horn , playing back the sounds , physically amplifying them back through the horn .", "it worked .", "edison imagined that the new device would have commercial value in business as a transcription machine .", "the first edison machines used a cylinder covered with foil and they generated a fair amount of interest in the business world for the next decade through the 1880s .", "these were the days of the steno pool : groups of women at typewriters with a limited number of carbon sheets to transcribe and copy documents for business communications .", "after all , the copy machine would not be developed for another 80 years .", "edison ’ s machines probably saved some marriages by reducing the corporate image of the secretary sitting on the executive ’ s lap as she ‘ took a letter ’ .", "emile berliner developed an alternate format : flat discs that rotated and had grooves cut into them laterally .", "the initial use for these discs was in toys .", "over the next 6 years , he developed and refined his idea by trial and error with different stylus arms , horns and turntables and disc materials .", "as the mechanisms became more dependable , the sound quality also improved with new disc material options .", "the invention was profitable and allowed berliner to continue development .", "in 1894 berliner began marketing the discs in europe under the label : berliner gramophone .", "the idea was simple : commercial distribution of recorded music .", "the earliest versions were still below the audio fidelity of the contemporary edison cylinder machines but the discs were less delicate , easier to handle , ship and manufacture .", "in 1892 , berliner incorporated the united states gramophone company in washington d . c . the company offered 7 ” diameter records that spun at about 70 rpm and machines to play them .", "by 1894 the berliner gramophone label was offered in the us .", "the flat disc idea was a good one and caught on .", "edison was determined to fight the new format rather than acknowledge its advantages .", "they were , therefore , slow to readapt .", "the country was hungry for new music at the turn of the century and was benefiting from the industrial revolution .", "jobs were plentiful and for the first time in memory , the average person had a bit of money to spare and some free time to enjoy it .", "land was available and affordable and opportunity was everywhere .", "america was feeling the swelling of a middle class .", "distribution networks made possible by the nationwide rail system made reasonably priced products available in the farthest corners of the nation .", "technology was expanding everywhere at a staggering pace .", "henry ford was about to make cars available to the public by the development of mass production .", "the wright brothers were about to succeed in their effort to fly , freud was jotting down insights to the human mind , einstein was developing his first theory of relativity , and the list goes on and on .", "culture was no longer relegated to a few major urban areas .", "music and art came within the reach of the average american .", "the public was ready and willing to pay for it .", "in 1897 , berliner opened a branch in london called the gramophone company and re - named in 1900 : the gramophone and typewriter , ltd . the company flourished and morphed over the next decades until becoming part of emi in 1931 . berliner ’ s german operation later became : deutsche gramophone .", "meanwhile , back in america , the united states gramophone company suffered the normal problems of success : lawsuits , injunctions , mergers and divisions until it settled into existence as the victor talking machine company in late 1900 . over the next 3 decades the company evolved and was ultimately purchased and consolidated by rca in 1929 . recording artists were recruited by the recording company labels .", "it was the beginning of the concept of artists signing a recording contract with labels for appropriate advertising and distribution guarantees .", "artists the recorded for berliner included : john phillip sousa ’ s band , the us marine band and hits included tunes like : “ when johnny comes marching home ” .", "controlling the speed of the earliest hand - cranked , spring - loaded machines was touchy at best .", "there were several varieties developed over the years but the primary technology was the use of speed regulators , or governors , to hold back the machines from spinning too fast .", "there were furnished with different indicators to show when the right speed was reached .", "in 1925 the industry agreed on a standard , corresponding the development of relatively reliable electric motors that replaced hand - cranked mechanisms in phonographs .", "the new standard was a nominal 78 - rpm .", "it isn ’ t clear why 78 rpm was selected other than accepting an average standard from the earlier mechanical machines .", "the standard varied a bit between america and europe : in america it was based upon a 3 , 600 rpm synchronous electric motor run on a 60 hz power supply , then reduced by 46 : 1 gearing .", "the resulting deck speed is 78 .", "26 rpm .", "the european standard ( and the rest of the world ) assumed a 3 , 000 rpm synchronous motor running on a 50 hz power supply , then reduced by 38 .", "5 : 1 yielding a deck speed of 77 .", "92 rpm .", "close enough .", "the stylus travels through the outer grooves considerably faster than the inner grooves – if the table rotation is a constant rpm .", "this makes the best frequency and signal to noise ratio response at the otter grooves .", "the length of the recorded material becomes an issue of the width of the groove and their spacing : wider grooves allow better frequency response but force the spacing to be wider .", "tighter spacing allows longer recordings but compromised sound quality .", "the size of the disc and the spacing of the grooves determined the maximum recording time .", "the length of the american popular song was therefore codified at about 3 ½ minutes .", "king oliver ’ s creole jazz band with louis armstrong recorded 13 tunes in indiana in 1923 . by necessity , they were all under 3 minutes .", "by 1938 , pressure to extend the recordings was strong .", "milt gabler , recording for his label commodore records on april 30th of that year , switched to 12 ” records realizing that the jam sessions needed more room to develop .", "he was able to extend the recording time to about 4 ½ minutes .", "in england , the method used to record an entire opera was to record on multiple sides .", "the release that year of verdi ’ s ernani took 40 sides .", "it wasn ’ t until the invention of the long - playing record in 1948 that recording times could be extended to about 30 minutes per side .", "in the 1890s through the turn of the century , 7 ” diameter was common .", "this was good for about 3 minutes of music .", "the time worked for popular tunes .", "materials included hard rubber but began to standardize around 1897 as shellac .", "the actual formula was refined in hanover germany : 25 % shellac , cotton filler material , powdered slate and a small amount of wax as a lubricant .", "the shellac was brittle enough to hold the grooves through multiple playings .", "this formulation actually continued for 78s through part of the 1950s .", "it was not the only formulation .", "“ unbreakable ” records were made from 1904 of celluloid on a pasteboard base but had much higher surface noise than shellac .", "they were , by the way , breakable , but more flexible and sturdier than shellac .", "the material restrictions of the 1940s caused experimentation on 78s with vinyl .", "it worked , but the decline of market share for 78s encouraged further vinyl developments for the new 45 and 33 1 / 3 rpm projects .", "1903 saw the disc size grow to 12 ” for commercial distribution .", "this made it possible to have slightly longer musical pieces like symphonic or operatic works fit on one ( sometime 2 ) side ( s ) of a disk .", "these could accommodate up to 5 minuteh4 per side .", "by 1910 , had become the popular standard .", "it held about 3 to 4 minutes of music per side .", "other sizes came and went but the 10 ” standard remained through the 1950s for 78 - rpm records .", "the early recordings used the horn tied to cutting stylus technology .", "the limitations were clear : the loudest instruments would be held back from the recording horn and the vocals were shouting directly into the horn .", "cellos and double bases could not be heard .", "drums had to be way back .", "some instruments were modified with their own horns directly attached to their sound boxes .", "in general , it was a technology with too many limitations .", "the breakthrough occurred in the early 1920s when engineers including orlando r . marsh and those at western electric refined ways to use sound vibrations to excite a small diaphragm in a magnetic field .", "this generated a tiny current that could be electronically amplified by vacuum tubes and the stronger current used to drive a cutting stylus .", "the process could then be reversed and amplified to drive electronic or mechanical speakers .", "in 1930 , a new york times critic stated : “… the time has come for serious musical criticism to take account of performances of great music reproduced by means of the records .", "to claim that the records have succeeded in exact and complete reproduction of all the details of symphonic or operatic performances … would be extravagant .", "the article of today is so far in advance of the old machines has hardly to admit classification under the same name .", "electrical recording and reproduction have combined to retain vitality and colors in recitals by proxy .", "” record company : odeon in germany is said to have pioneered the idea of record ‘ albums ’ .", "they released tchaikovsky ’ s ‘ nutcracker suite ” in 1909 on 4 double sided discs in a designed package .", "other companies gradually followed .", "it became a marketing ploy to grab the public ’ s attention and increase the perceived value of the product .", "some were even bound in leather covers .", "in 1931 , as the depression deepened , rca victor launched a long plying record made of vinyl .", "they were made to be played at 33 1 / 3 rpm and had a duration of about 10 minutes per side .", "the idea was sound , the technology was appropriate , but the launch was a commercial failure .", "it was the beginning of the depression and people were not inclined to buy new playing equipment .", "rca was not doing that well either and could not financially support the new technology until it found public acceptance .", "the rca long playing records were discontinued in early 1933 . it was the right idea at the wrong time .", "the low surface noise of vinyl and it ’ s strength and flexibility were remembered : in the late 1930s , pre - recorded radio programs were stamped in vinyl and mailed to disk jockeys as they were much less likely to break in transit than shellac .", "soon , anything that needed to be mailed was pressed in vinyl .", "shortages of shellac during the war years of 1940 to 1945 made vinyl the natural choice .", "12 ” 78s with 6 minutes of info were distributed to the troops through v - disc on vinyl .", "when longer radio transcriptions were needed , they simply made the records bigger .", "some were distributed at 16 ” and 33 1 / 3 rpm vinyl formats .", "in 1939 dr . peter goldmark and staff at columbia records set about creating an affordable playback system for public distribution , and 33 1 / 3 records with narrower grooves so that the groove spacing could be tightened up and the recording capacity of each side of a record increased to 30 minutes .", "by 1948 they had settled on a 12 ” diameter , 33 1 / 3 rpm vinyl format .", "the breakthrough included an audio compression system that allowed the groove width to be narrowed .", "the resulting 33 1 / 3 rpm microgroove record was introduced at a press conference on june 21st , 1948 . the long play ( lp ) was born .", "in february of 1949 rca victor released the first 45 - rpm single at 7 ” diameter with a large center hole .", "the new format was specifically intended to operate in juke boxes .", "the large hole was designed to accommodate the automatic changer mechanisms .", "they could handle 4 minutes of music per side – consistent with the american popular song format of the previous 40 years .", "the recording industry association of america ( riaa ) was formed to establish an industry standard for recording equalization .", "prior to 1954 , each recording company had their own equalization standards .", "in order to cut grooves into a surface that accurately reflect the sounds that are being recorded ; the mechanical act of cutting has to fall within the physical tolerances of the materials being used .", "if a stylus is cutting the groove , it can only respond to a sound within its capabilities .", "low frequencies make bigger cuts than high frequencies .", "very high frequencies are so delicate that they are hard to cut or translate .", "to accommodate these differences , low frequencies are compressed to make smaller movements in the groove .", "very high frequencies are increased to make bigger impressions in the grooves .", "then , for the playback to sound right , they need to be reinterpreted , or re - equalized to sound natural .", "in 1954 , the recording industry association of america standardized the equalization curve for the record producing industry .", "this paved the way to improve the record playing equipment .", "now , all records would sound pretty much the same , or at least as well as they were recorded .", "once the long playing standard of 33 1 / 3 rpm 12 ” records set in with the new riaa eq curve , companies began to innovate the turntables , cartridges , amplifiers and speaker systems to reproduce the music .", "high fidelity ( hifi ) was born .", "italian scientist alessandro volta developed a theory that two different metals – separated by the moist tissue , would generate electricity .", "in 1800 volta demonstrated the theory and went on to invent the first electric battery ( the voltaic pile ) which he made from thin sheets of copper and zinc separated by felt soaked in brine .", "this was a new kind of electricity that flowed steadily instead of discharging itself in a single pulse .", "volta showed that electricity could be made to travel from one place to another by wire .", "in 1820 physicist hans christian oersted discovered that current flowing through a wire would move a compass needle placed beside it .", "this showed that the electric current produced a magnetic field .", "andre marie ampere , a french mathematician , was the first to document the electro - dynamic theory .", "he showed that charged parallel wires attracted each other if the current flowed in the same direction and opposed each other if the current flowed in opposite directions .", "he documented this in mathematical terms – the laws that govern the interaction of currents with magnetic fields in a circuit .", "the resulting unit of electric current – the amp – was derived from his name .", "an electric charge in motion is called electric current .", "the strength of a current is the amount of charge passing a given point per second , or i = q / t , where q coulombs of charge passing in t seconds .", "the unit for measuring current is the ampere or amp , where 1 amp = 1 coulomb / sec .", "because it is the source of magnetism as well , current is the link between electricity and magnetism .", "in 1826 the german physicist georg simon ohm examined volta ’ s principle of the electric battery and ampere ’ s relationship of currents in a circuit .", "he noticed that when there was a current in a circuit , it sometimes produced heat .", "the amount of heat was related to the different metals .", "he discovered that there was a relationship between the amounts of current and heat .", "when there was any resistance to the flow of current , there was heat .", "ohm discovered that if the potential difference ( volts ) remained constant , the current was in proportion to the resistance .", "this unit of electrical resistance – the ohm – was named after him .", "he formulated a law , showing the relationship between volts , amps and resistance and called it ‘ ohm ’ s law ’ .", "this law , as we know it today , is the basis of understanding electricity .", "1830 – joseph henry & james c . maxwell in 1830 joseph henry ( 1797 - 1878 ) discovered that a change in magnetism can make currents flow , but he never published his findings .", "in 1832 he described self - inductance – the basic property of an inductor .", "in recognition of his work , inductance is measured in ‘ henries ’ .", "the stage was now set for the encompassing electromagnetic theory of james clerk maxwell ( 1831 - 1879 ) .", "the variation of actual currents is enormous .", "a electrometer can detect currents as low as 1 / 100 , 000 , 000 , 000 , 000 , 000 amp , which is a mere 63 electrons per second .", "the current in a nerve impulse is approximately 1 / 100 , 000 amp ; a 100 - watt light bulb carries 1 amp ; a lightning bolt peaks at about 20 , 000 amps ; and a 1 , 200 - megawatt nuclear power plant can deliver 10 , 000 , 000 amps at 115 v . in 1836 john daniell ( 1790 - 1845 ) developed an improved electric battery that supplied even current during continuous operation .", "the daniell cell gave new impetus to electric research and found many commercial applications .", "once the electric battery and the electromagnet were commonly understood , samuel morse ( 1791 - 1872 ) assembled the ideas into the electric telegraph .", "coded messages were sent over wires by means of electrical pulses ( identified as dots and dashes ) known as morse code .", "the electric telegraph was the first practical use of electricity and the first system of electrical communication .", "ironically , it was the post office in australia that played an important part ; using the new technology and in the organizing the communication .", "englishman michael faraday ( 1791 - 1867 ) discovered electromagnetic induction .", "his work explored how electric currents work .", "the measured unit of capacitance , the farad , carries his name .", "faraday theorized : if electricity could produce magnetism , why couldn ’ t magnetism produce electricity .", "in 1831 , faraday discovered that electricity could be produced through magnetism by motion .", "when a magnet is moved inside a coil of copper wire , a tiny electric current flows through the wire .", "by 1855 , publishing his theories and demonstrations , he was able to explain that these magnetic fields were lines of force .", "these lines of force would cause a current to flow in a coil of wire , when the coil is rotated between the poles of a magnet .", "this action then shows that the coils of wire being cut by lines of magnetic force , in some strange way , produces electricity .", "these experiments , convincingly demonstrated the discovery of electromagnetic induction in the production of electric current , by a change in magnetic intensity .", "though induction would lead to the development of electric motors in 1871 , the basic theories of electro - magnetism developed in 1831 would make microphones and speakers possible .", "french engineer leclanché ( 1839 - 1882 ) refined the battery that bears his name .", "the leclanché battery , now known as a dry cell , is essentially what is now used in flashlights and portable radios .", "this battery consists of a zinc case filled with a moist paste containing ammonium sulfate .", "in the center of this electrolyte paste is a carbon rod coated with manganese dioxide , which is a strong oxidizing agent .", "zenobe theophile gramme introduced an induction motor .", "it was a further development of the work of earlier inventors .", "if the motor drive were dynamically driven , the motor produced electricity – the first dc generator .", "with the development of the carbon filament lamp by edison in 1879 , the dc generator became one of the essential components of the constant - potential lighting systems .", "this made commercial lighting and residential lighting practical and the electric light and power industry was born .", "by 1872 , siemens and halske of berlin improved on gramme ’ s generator , by producing the drum armature .", "other improvements were made , such as the slotted armature in 1880 but by 1882 , edison had completed the design of the system we still use to distribute electricity from power stations .", "in 1875 alexander graham bell ( 1847 - 1922 ) was interested in improving telegraphy .", "he theorized that if morse code could be created and ‘ heard ’ , why not translate the sound of a voice into electrical pulses that could then be reversed and heard at the other end of the system ?", "using faraday ’ s discoveries , bell used a diaphragm to excite a coil to generate the electrical pulses for transmission and then used a coil and diaphragm to translate the pulses back into sound .", "it worked .", "he continued working on these experiments and on march 7th , 1876 his telephone was patented and demonstrated at the philadelphia exhibition that year .", "the telephone was born .", "a unit of sound level is called a bel in his honor .", "sound levels are measured in tenths of a bel , or decibels .", "the abbreviation for decibel is db .", "thomas alva edison , ( 1847 - 1931 ) is credited ( along with british scientist joseph swan ) with the invention of the electric light bulb and refinements to dc generation .", "oliver heaviside ( 1850 - 1925 ) the british mathematician realized that information travels along a cable as a wave in the space between the conductors , rather than through the conductors themselves .", "his concepts made it possible to design long - distance telephone cables .", "he also discovered why radio waves bend around the earth .", "this led to long - range radio reception .", "nikola tesla ( 1856 - 1943 ) was born of serbian parents and died a broke and lonely man in new york city .", "he is referred to by some as the greatest inventive genius of all time .", "tesla experimented with generators and discovered the rotating magnetic field in 1883 . this rotating magnetic field changes direction sixty times a second and is called 60 hertz .", "the alternating current generator is referred to as a a . c . current .", "he then developed plans for an induction motor , that would become the first step towards using alternating current .", "tesla ’ s system makes possible the first large - scale harnessing of niagara falls with the first hydroelectric plant in the united states in 1886 . dc generators had been in operation in new york city since 1882 . around this time scientists realized that dc current would not transmit over long distances .", "george westinghouse was awarded the contract to build the first generators at niagara falls .", "he used his money to buy up patents in the electric field .", "among the inventions he bought was the transformer from william stanley and nikola tesla ’ s patented motor for generating alternating current .", "the work of westinghouse , tesla and others gradually persuaded american society that the future lay with ac rather than dc ( adoption of ac generation enabled the transmission of large blocks of electrical , power using higher voltages via transformers , which would have been impossible otherwise ) .", "today the unit of measurement for magnetic fields commemorates tesla ’ s name .", "on september 8th 1888 , oberlin smith ( 1840 - 1926 ) published a description of a recording device that used an electromagnet and a string covered with iron filings .", "the journal was ‘ electrical world ’ and it included a diagram of the machine .", "it used edison ’ s telephone to capture , amplify and transmit the sound of a voice as electrical pulses used to magnetize the iron filings .", "then , the process could be reversed and the sound recreated .", "it isn ’ t clear whether a working prototype was ever built since no machine has survived , but the science was intriguing and plausible .", "german physicist heinrich hertz ( 1857 - 1894 ) laid the groundwork for the vacuum tube .", "this set the stage for the future development of radio , telephone , telegraph , and even television .", "he was one of the first people to demonstrate the existence of electric waves .", "in denmark , valdemar poulsen actually built a machine that worked on the same principles documented by oberlin smith 10 years earlier .", "it does not appear that poulsen ever saw smith ’ s article .", "he simply arrived at the same conclusions with the available technologies of the day .", "poulsen had become a telephone engineer in 1893 at the copenhagen telephone company .", "his experiments with magnetism were intended to find a way to record phone conversations – the first telephone message machines .", "poulsen patented his machine in 1898 and called it a telegraphone .", "it worked by wrapping wire around a rotating drum and used a recording and playback head that followed by a screw .", "the first versions were vertical drums , later refined to horizontal drums and patented in the united states in 1899 . poulsen and his partner peder o . pedersen discovered that the application of a direct current to the recording head ( dc bias ) improved the sound quality on a steel tape version of the telegraphone .", "the improved machine was presented to the public at the paris exhibition of 1900 . the invention was well received and mentioned in many journals of the day .", "at the paris fair , poulsen recorded the voice of emperor franz joseph .", "the recording remains today at the danish national museum of science and technology – making it the oldest existing magnetic sound recording .", "( listen to a fragment of the recording ) poulsen stopped work on magnetic recording and turned to radio after 1902 . the american telegraphone company acquired the patent rights in 1905 and made dictating machines , selling 50 to the du pont company .", "however , the signal was weak without amplification and the wire spools were unreliable .", "the rival wax cylinder phonographs of the ediphone and dictaphone companies were cheaper and more reliable .", "by 1918 , the company went into receivership and stopped manufacturing after 1924 . poulsen ’ s patent expired in 1918 and germany led efforts to improve magnetic recording while the us pursued groove based recording systems .", "in 1925 , curt stille developed the dailygraph magnetic wire recorder as a dictating machine .", "semi joseph begun at the c . lorenz co . developed a steel tape recorder called the stahtonbandmaschine .", "however , wire and steel tape would be replaced in the 1930s by thin plastic tape .", "dr . fritz pfleumer was granted in 1928 a patent in germany for the application of magnetic powders to strip of paper or film .", "in 1930 the allgemeine elektrizitatsgesellschaft ( aeg ) in berlin began to develop a magnetophone machine based on the pfleumer principle .", "2 years later they set up a collaboration with basf , ludwigshafen : aeg would developed the system , basf an appropriate sound carrier .", "this collaboration was carefully considered .", "basf was on - track for the development of magnetic tape .", "since 1925 they had worked with carbonyl iron powder in the finest particles that had been produced for induction coils in telephone cables .", "they also had experience with manufacturing enamel paint by milling and dispersing the dyestuffs with cellulose acetate and solvents .", "simultaneously , the development of plastics had started for the production of foils and fibres .", "in 1934 these discoveries and research came together and basf was able to ship the first 50 , 000 meters of magnetic tape .", "the tape consisted of a carrier material of a foil of cellulose acetate coated with a lacquer of iron oxide as magnetic pigment and cellulose acetate as binder .", "during the 1935 radio fair in berlin the magnetophone and the magnetic tape were demonstrated to the public .", "the first public recording using the aeg magnetophon was november 19th , 1936 , of the london philharmonic orchestra conducted by sir thomas beecham at basf ’ s concert hall in ludwigshaven .", "the tape used for this recording was an improved formulation based on ( fe3o4 ) ferric oxide rather than the original carbonal iron ( which was chemically less stable and had a poor dynamic range of under 30db ) .", "the ferric oxide had a dynamic range of 37db .", "a single neumann bottle microphone was used for the recording .", "special thanks to steven schoenherr and the sandiego .", "edu site for historical backgroun and context .", "thanks to rare - earth - magnet .", "com for historical time - line information sidney n . shure had became interested in amateur radio as a child and built his own radio sets .", "the interest slowly became a passion and he pursued it as a career .", "after his graduation from the university of chicago , he set up a company in 1925 – shure incorporated – to distribute radio parts .", "this was his way of sharing his passion .", "in 1925 , radio ’ s popularity was growing by leaps and bounds .", "factory built radios were still not available for purchase .", "the new firm took off and shure made good money during the roaring twenties .", "he understood both the science and the economic potential of the magical wireless devices .", "in 1928 , shure ’ s brother , samuel j . shure , joined him and the name of the firm was changed to shure brothers company .", "by that time , they employed over 75 people in an expanded facility in downtown chicago .", "the future was bright .", "black friday in 1929 saw the beginning of the great depression .", "this occurred simultaneously with a critical shift in the radio market .", "by 1930 , the national broadcasting corporation ( nbc ) was operating two networks in the united states .", "there was ever growing demand for consumer radios : 13 .", "5 million finished radio sets were sold that year .", "radio was no longer a hobby market – it was a consumer market .", "the demand for parts plunged .", "sidney shure saw the opportunities and fresh potential in the changing market .", "microphones were needed for broadcasting , military , police , aviation and every other sector where wireless radio was expanding .", "there were only a few microphone manufacturers in the united states .", "many of the best microphones came from overseas – they were large , delicate and expensive .", "shure entered the microphone business , licensing microphone patents and hiring engineers to develop new products .", "the first microphone , the shure two - button carbon microphone , was released in 1932 . it was compact , durable , lightweight , versatile , dependable and affordable .", "it won immediate popularity for live sound and two - way radio applications .", "both professional and amateur broadcasters bought it .", "it cost about $ 30 at a time .", "in comparison : other microphones ( mostly german imports ) cost several hundred dollars .", "shure established a network of sales representatives to market the new microphone through well - established electronic parts distributors .", "the businesses that a few years earlier had been competitors now became shure brothers outlets .", "1933 – shure introduced the model 40d , its first high - end condenser microphone .", "1935 – shure released a crystal microphone .", "1937 – shure introduced the world ’ s first noise - canceling microphone .", "1939 – shure researchers , under the direction of engineer ben bauer , hit pay dirt with the development of the model 55 unidyne microphone , the world ’ s first single - element unidirectional microphone .", "it cost about $ 45 at the time .", "thh4 development of unidirectional microphones was significant : by reducing extraneous noise from the sides , they naturally limited feedback .", "bauer did not invent the unidirectional mic , but he had found a way to construct them from a single element .", "this reduced the size , simplified construction and therefore lowered costs .", "the unidyne had a visually striking art deco design based in part on the front grill of a 1937 cadillac .", "it was during this period that politicians started addressing large crowds in front of shure microphones .", "they were modern , compact ( not blocking a view of the politicians face ) , and helped the politician to sound very good .", "this meant that the photographs that appeared in newspapers and on the silver screen of politicians usually included a shure microphone .", "there could be no better advertising .", "the new product was also a seductive image in popular music .", "singers of the big band era no longer had to rely on their own volume .", "velvet - voiced , intimate crooners , like bing crosby and frank sinatra , could now be easily heard .", "the start of world war ii actually helped unidyne sales .", "once war was declared , german microphones were no longer available .", "the shure unidyne became the dominant microphone in the united states .", "the war also created new markets .", "microphones were needed on ships , tanks , planes , and the infantry .", "beginning in 1941 , the war department contracted with shure to produce microphones .", "shure developed a range of models for the military including the t - 30 throat microphone , which was fastened near the collar of a bomber pilot ’ s jacket and operated by throat vibrations .", "with metal at a premium , shure also developed mics made of plastic , an early manufacturing application of the new material .", "with the end of world war ii , the demand for tens of thousands of microphones for the military dried up .", "despite this , shure was about to enter its most successful period .", "shure again saw the potential in the changing marketplace .", "changes in the recording industry , popular music industry , phonograph records , record players and related markets were responding to the needs of the new american middle class : the soldiers that returned from the war with money in their pockets , young families and great hopes for the future .", "the consumer market was exploding .", "shure launched a line of phonograph cartridges in 1937 . it was a natural extension of its microphones .", "phono cartridges and microphones work on precisely the same principle : a magnet or coil of wire generates an electric signal from an acoustic or mechanical signal .", "almost from the start shure ’ s phono cartridges were supplied to the country ’ s leading phonograph manufacturers , including rca , emerson , and magnavox .", "although for a time the firm also produced playback and recording heads for tape recorders , the bulk of its efforts went into developing better cartridges .", "by the 1950s , shure was the leading manufacturer of phonograph cartridges in the world .", "1953 – the vagabond wireless microphone , the world ’ s first wireless microphone for performing .", "frank sinatra was a note worthy tester .", "unfortunately , the vagabond was fragile , expensive and undependable .", "1955 + / - – shure manufactured a phono cartridge for chrysler ’ s short - lived in - car phonograph , the highway hi - fi .", "1958 – shure introduced the world ’ s first stereo phonograph cartridge , the m3d .", "1959 – shure released the unidyne iii ; changing forever the way microphones would look .", "in 1956 , shure moved into a new headquarters in evanston il .", "a major impulse for the development of new microphones in the 1950s was the rise of rock ‘ n ’ roll .", "electric guitars had become the instrument of choice .", "microphone now needed to reproduce the voice and other instruments at levels that could blend with electric guitars .", "the size of concert venues continued to grow larger over the next 20 year placing greater demands on all components of sound reproduction systems .", "shure continued to refine its microphones during the 1960s to meet musicians increasingly demanding standards for sound quality and volume on stage .", "1965 – shure introduced the sm57 ( sm stands for studio model ) .", "this mic could be used to amplify speech , singing , or musical instruments .", "it has been on the podium of every american president since lyndon johnson .", "1966 – shure introduced the sm58 .", "this became the standard vocal microphone of popular music .", "it is the best - selling microphone in shure ’ s history .", "ironically , the sm57 and sm58 were designed by an engineer who disliked rock ‘ n ’ roll .", "he could not have imagined the depth of the contribution he was making to the genre .", "1964 – shure introduced the first of its v15 cartridges .", "these became the standard of comparison with all other products of the time .", "by the 1970s , the company had evolved into a manufacturer of expensive , high - end , audiophile stereh4 components , and the v15 was the showpiece of the line .", "shure continued to supply its phono cartridges to most leading makers of stereo equipment .", "by the 1970s , with baby boomers reaching adulthood , phonograph sales were hitting all - time highs .", "at their peak , the company produced a line of approximately 40 different cartridge models ranging in price from $ 20 to $ 150 . so profitable was the line in the 1970s that shure focused most of its energies on phonograph cartridges during the decade .", "shure constructed a plant in phoenix , arizona , specifically for the manufacture of phono cartridges .", "in the 1980s the cd player was introduced and phonograph sales plummeted .", "shure ’ s cartridge segment , which had grown 700 percent in the 1970s ( comprising 67 percent of the firm ’ s business ) , had fallen to 16 percent by the mid - 1990s .", "the market shrank so rapidly that the company was in danger of going out of business .", "in response , shure shifted focus again , largely abandoning its old consumer base and focusing on sound professionals .", "it expanded its selection of products for broadcasters , introducing the field production line of sound mixers for the electronic news gathering ( eng ) markets .", "it also began marketing its microphone lines to music stores .", "paul wilbur klipsch changed the way we listen to music .", "klipsch ’ s destiny may have been in his blood .", "his father was an instructor of engineering at purdue university in lafayette indiana .", "surrounded by engineers and an educational environment , paul absorbed it all , including the drive to be an engineer .", "his father died young , leaving paul at age 12 . klipsch and his widowed mother moved to el paso new mexico .", "paul had an interest in music and took up the cornet .", "this was a way into the music crowd in high school and later served him well to join the university band .", "it was the time spent playing music in college that klipsch credits with developing a love of music , arranging and an appreciation for listening to all forms of music .", "klipsch built his first speaker at age 15 from a mailing tube and a discarded set of earphones .", "after graduating from el paso high school , he enrolled in new mexico state university .", "following his graduation he went to work for general electric and designed radios .", "the designs were good and helped ge sell them to rca .", "in 1928 , at age 24 , klipsch answered a notice posted on the lunchroom bulletin board to work in chile for 3 years repairing and maintaining railway locomotives .", "having learned the advantage of getting the best job possible by more education , he decided to return to school at stanford for a masters degree .", "he followed the new degree with a job as a geophysicist with a texas oil company .", "as the 1930s came to a close , the winds of war were blowing overseas and paul knew that he was likely to serve .", "he also knew that he could be proactive and enlist in the army as an engineer .", "he served in world war ii and achieved the rank of lieutenant colonel .", "working as an engineer on the army southwest proving grounds in hope arkansas klipsch refined his ideas relating to speaker design and developed a system that reproduced all frequencies equally .", "he was working within the real - world parameters of the limited electrical power available from the vacuum tube amplifiers .", "the design problems were : first , klipsch needed speakers that could work efficiently with the small amplifiers of the day .", "second , no single speaker or horn is capable of reproducing all the frequencies within the range of human hearing .", "it was a problem of physics : a speaker capable of reproducing low notes is not suited for reproducing higher frequencies .", "this problem might be solved by electronically separating the frequencies into the ranges best suited for certain speakers : high frequencies for small speakers and low frequencies for big speakers , etc .", "the third problem is size : low frequencies require a very large horn for efficient and natural sound .", "klipsch developed a horn design for loudspeakers in the early 1940s that solved the problem of efficiency .", "now , very small current could create very loud sounds with natural clarity ( patented january 9th 1951 ) .", "he followed this with a crossover filter network that could electronically separate the frequencies best suited for specific horn capabilities ( this was later patented on september 30th 1952 ) .", "at this point , he had the components – now he needed a design enclosure that would work for all frequencies and be small enough to be practical .", "klipsch designed 3 horns : a small one for the high frequencies , a mid sized horn for the mid - range frequencies and set about trying to fold the largest horn into a shape that could actually fit in a listening space .", "the last piece of the puzzle was the idea to use the shape of the corner of a room as the last opening or expanse for the folded horns .", "he built several mock - ups until he was satisfied that the theory actually worked .", "he sought and received a patent on april 17th 1945 . the resulting speaker system is among the most natural sounding and electrically efficient available , even today .", "the era of critical listening was born .", "ironically , the ability to record music that could be used to fully appreciate paul klipsch ’ s invention would not happen for another 10 years .", "immediately following the war he started klipsch & associates .", "the name ‘ klipschorn ’ ( for the klipsch corner horn speaker system ) was coined by a potential customer in new york city .", "the name stuck .", "this speaker system is the only one that can claim to have been in constant production for over 40 years with very few design changes .", "paul klipsch went on to design speaker systems for other applications , including church , commercial , movie theater and home use .", "the systems : the klipschorn , the heresy ( named for creatively breaking his own acoustic design principals ) , the klipsch rebel , shorthorn , cornwall , la scala , the belle klipsch – can still be found and many are still in production .", "saul bernard marantz is credited by many with the birth of the high - end audio industry .", "by combining technical expertise with industrial design , a passion for music and the delight of full and faithful sound reproduction ; saul marantz came along precisely when an industry and public needed him .", "marantz was the eldest of 3 children , born in new york city .", "he demonstrated an interest in music and electronics at an early age .", "one interest seemed to lead to another .", "the music was magic when played in live performance .", "the 78 rpm records of the day were a wonderful way to capture the performance and enjoy it later .", "each component of the sound reproduction systems appeared to have a profound effect on the listening pleasure .", "the better the sound quality , the better the listening experience .", "if the sound reproduction could be improved , it would be very much like finer wine : much more enjoyable .", "over the years , his interests expanded .", "he became fascinated with photography and the art of dark room development techniques .", "he also became interested in industrial design : the way objects worked in everyday life : the interface between technology and everyday use .", "it mattered how something looked and felt – the tactile quality of the machine parts that we touch and how smoothly they operate .", "his love of music lead him to study guitar and he began to collect chinese and japanese art – something that would later influence his aesthetic choices in industrial design .", "each new interest informed his next obsession .", "he met jean dickey in new york city on st . patrick ’ s day in 1939 . they were engaged on valentine ’ s day in 1940 and married in october .", "dickey had graduated from vassar college with a liberal arts degree and then attended the university of minnesota for a graduate degree in architecture .", "the architecture department chairman suggested that , as a women , she may not be taken seriously in her chosen career and she left just short of receiving a degree .", "she spent some time working for a persian art dealer and then returned to new york city to take an accounting position at macy ’ s . ironically , her proficiency with math ( calculus ) would later prove to be invaluable to saul .", "her ability to solve complex mathematical problems helped in the circuit design of the ‘ audio consolette ’ – the first marantz product to go to market .", "with the outbreak of war , saul went to work for the army transportation service as a civilian .", "during his tenure there , he earned his graduate equivalency diploma and ( despite civilian status ) rose to the rank of major .", "following the war , saul and jean returned to new york and ultimately settled in kew gardens in queens .", "during the late 1940s , they were invited by friends to a meeting of the new york society of classical guitar .", "the couple was drawn to the remarkable talent of the members and soon joined themselves .", "saul started guitar lessons and soon befriended maestro andres segovia .", "another guitar society member : vladimir bobritzski later authored “ the segovia technique ” in 1972 . in the books preface is the credit : “ saul marantz , who took most of the photographs and spent hours in the darkroom experimenting with prints to achieve a maximum of brilliance and clarity .", "” saul ’ s photos also appear on the 4 cd set : “ andres segovia – a centenary celebration ” mca ( mcad4 - 11124 ) .", "saul had an expansive collection of 78 records .", "they were great performances and certainly delivered pleasurable listening but they didn ’ t come close to the experience of sitting next to andres segovia and truly hearing every nuance of the instrument and expression .", "there had to be a way to improve the sound reproduction of recorded material to at least approximate the wonder of the real performance .", "the first long playing ( lp ) records appeared in 1948 . they were monaural and better than the 78s .", "the post war prosperity had created a middle class of working folks with some spare time and discretionary cash to spend .", "there was interest and a market for better record playing equipment .", "companies began to spring up to fill the growing public demand .", "they included mcintosh laboratories , fisher radio and h . h . scott – all interested in manufacturing sound reproduction components .", "saul tried them all and didn ’ t much like any of them .", "he began to build his own .", "in 1952 , marantz started with a preamplifier .", "the original audio consolette solved a major problem of the day by providing many different equalization curves options to compensate for the vast differences in recording technique by the many different record companies .", "it seemed to work and they began manufacturing by hand assembly in their kew gardens basement .", "marantz cut a deal with harvey ’ s radio store on 6th avenue in manhattan to sell the units .", "the first 100 units sold quickly and demand for more pushed saul and jean into establishing the marantz company in 1953 . they opened a small factory that year in woodside .", "1953 was a pivotal year in audio .", "the recording industry association of america ( riaa ) created a standard for recording equalization regarding records as the recorded media .", "this meant that all record companies could now use the samh4 standard so that the final product would sound about the same on any playback device ( provided the playback circuit used the proper equalization curve for reproduction ) .", "saul understood this very well and created the marantz model 1 preamplifier with the new standard as well as options for earlier recordings .", "to some , this is the birth of high fidelity .", "it was during this period that sidney smith appeared at the marantz house looking for work .", "he was an electrical engineer from chicago and a singer .", "he had moved to new york and seen an ad for the model 1 . he was able to demonstrate his design abilities by showing marantz how to modify the consolette ’ s circuitry to eliminate some noise problems .", "he joined the company and eventually became the chief engineer .", "the model 1 was introduced to the public in 1954 . new designs , revisions to existing designs and expansion into power amplifiers and radio tuners followed .", "1958 saw the introduction of the stereo lp .", "by late 1958 marantz had coupled monaural preamplifiers and power amplifiers to respond to the new breakthrough but by december he released the first true stereo preamplifier : the model 7 . the introduction was very well received and more than 130 , 000 units were ultimately sold .", "the 3 - stage phono preamp circuit became known as the ‘ marantz circuit ’ and the model 7 dominated the market for years .", "the reputation of marantz products grew and consequently so did dealer demand .", "fisher and h . h . scott bought faceplates from marantz so that their tuners would match the marantz preamps and power amps .", "saul , of course , set about researching tuners so that his company could produce their own .", "richard sequerra joined marantz in 1961 for this effort .", "he was a well trained engineer with experience in fm stereo broadcast technology .", "with the help of sid smith , mitchell cotter and richard sequerra , two years of research and development passed and the model 10 tuner appeared in 1964 . the model 10 was groundbreaking .", "it included an oscilloscope to accurately display the centering of the tuner in a frequency as well as the actual channel separation .", "above it all , it was ‘ cool ’ looking and sexy to operate .", "it fit the public notion of high - tech , futuristic and precise .", "in fact , the first 100 or so units had a significant alignment problem that was fixed by the release of the model 10b .", "there was a problem , however : the model 10b was so expensive to make and so underpriced that it put the marantz company in financial jeopardy .", "saul considered selling the company .", "joseph tushinski , the president of superscope , expressed an interest .", "tushinski , an avid musician , saw value in the brand name and by acquiring an american manufacturer , saw security for his young company .", "superscope had a distribution agreement with sony of japan for tape recorders in the us .", "simply as a distributer , they were vulnerable to takeover from sony but as a manufacturer were in a bit of a better situation .", "the sale was finalized in late 1964 for $ 3 , 000 , 000 . saul marantz stayed on as a director .", "by the time of the sale , groups of people with a passion for audio systems called themselves ‘ audiophiles ’ .", "the most venerable combination of components at the time was arguably : a marantz preamplifier , amplifier and tuner coupled with a thorens turntable with a shure cartridge and new ar ( acoustic research ) acoustic suspension speakers .", "this was status .", "saul marantz stayed on as president until 1968 when he retired from superscope .", "forever restless , he co - founded the dahlquist company in 1972 and helped develop high quality speaker systems .", "he retired for a second time in 1978 . this was not his last business venture .", "superscope did not turn out to be the best steward for the marantz brand name .", "market conditions , available capitol , the high cost of research and development , and pressure from japanese low priced products all contributed to the decline of the marantz brand under superscope .", "over the ensuing years the name was sold and resold .", "the marantz name is currently owned by philips electronic n . v . avery robert fisher was born in brooklyn new york as the youngest of six children .", "his parents : charles fisher and mary byrach fisher had come from kiev , russia .", "charles had a passion for music that expressed itself in a large record collection and insistence that every child learn to play an instrument .", "avery chose to learn the violin and was a willing student ; absorbing as much as he could .", "training in classical music exposes one to the subtleties of harmony and composition .", "at the very least , it broadens any students appreciation of the sophisticated rhythms and harmonies of the classics .", "avery loved the music and was fortunate to be in new york city where he could spend time listening to the live performances of the new york philharmonic .", "it would evolve into a life - long passion .", "avery entered new york university in 1924 as a law student but soon changed his majors to biology and english .", "he graduated in 1929 and took a job in an advertising firm that included some book publishers as clients .", "he became interested in publishing and graphic design ; particularly in the design of book covers .", "he left his advertising job in 1932 to join one of the publishers : g . p . putnam ’ s sons .", "one year later he changed jobs , going to another publisher : dodd , mead & company where he could focus his attention on graphic cover design .", "he truly enjoyed the work , staying with the firm for ten years .", "he described his time there and cover design as his “ first love ” and continued to dabble in it for many years after he entered the world of high - end audio .", "fisher told an interviewer in 1976 : “ looking at a beautiful typographical design is like listening to music .", "” this was quite a statement from a man who was about to dedicate his life to the enjoyment of listening to music .", "it was during his time with dodd , mead & company that fisher began tinkering with radios .", "he wasn ’ t satisfied with the sound quality of the radios available at the time and felt that he could improve them .", "it began as a hobby and slowly began to take over his life .", "by 1937 he felt that he had succeeded in designing better radio , amplifiers and speakers than readily available equipment and decided to set up his own company and manufacture his designs .", "there appears to have been a little doubt on his part because he didn ’ t actually entirely leave publishing until 1943 . the name of avery fishers company was philharmonic radio .", "the original vision was small scale : building the kind of equipment that might be found in radio stations or movie theaters for home use .", "the original demand was a few friends that wanted the kind of stuff that avery had built for himself .", "fisher had surrounded himself with friends of similar interests : music and musical performance .", "they were impressed with the equipment he had in his house .", "the more he built , the more people seemed to be willing to buy .", "in 1945 , after leaving publishing , he set up another company and factory : fisher radio .", "he needed electrical engineering talent and knew that good engineers were available in europe following the war ( especially in germany ) where the war - torn economies were lagging far behind the us .", "european engineers were so underpaid in their homelands that they were easy to lure to the us where they could earn 4 to 5 times the wages .", "he successfully assembled a team of excellent talent and experience .", "avery fisher focused on the high - end of the relatively new high fidelity market .", "he reckoned that his company could develop a reputation for the highest quality equipment at premium prices .", "the audio critics agreed and used phrases like : “ the rolls - royce of sound equipment ” .", "there was plenty of competition which kept the pressure on for innovation .", "in 1956 fisher offered the 1st transistor amplifier .", "in 1958 they followed with the 1st stereo record player and radio combination .", "between 1959 and 1961 , fisher led with innovations to their am - fm radio tuner designs and increased the sensitivity and power of their components .", "as the 1960s unfolded and electronic technology accelerated , japan began flooding the market with derivative products at ever lower price points .", "avery fisher saw the trend and decided to get out of the market while it was still strong .", "in 1969 he sold the company to emerson electric for $ 31 million .", "he stayed on with the company for many more years in an advisory capacity but began to refocus his energies to philanthropy .", "he started in 1970 by endowing the avery fisher listening room at the bobst library of his al ma - mater : new york university .", "his most notable gift was an endowment fund given to lincoln center that included the avery fisher artist program : gifts to young american instrumentalists whose achievements have established them as valued members of their profession and career grants to artists for expenses related to their profession .", "the most public aspect of his gift was $ 10 .", "5 million to the new york philharmonic .", "the portion of lincoln center that houses the philharmonic was renamed : ‘ avery fisher hall ’ in 1973 . fisher ultimately succeeded in his desire to bring music and great performances to as many people as possible .", "emerson electric eventually sold the fisher name to sanyo of japan who still uses it today .", "following 10 years of employment by bell telephone laboratories in murray hill , new jersey during one of the most exciting periods of invention and product development , frank h . mcintosh developed his skills and talents in electrical engineering and , over time , began to see his future in radio .", "as world war ii approached , he accepted a position as a broadcast sales representative for the graybar corporation in california .", "having accumulated both electrical engineering and sales experience , he moved to washington dc and started his own consulting business .", "he reckoned that the inevitable conflict overseas would require expertise in electronics , radio and radar and his best connections could be established in and around government and military planning .", "the consulting firm : mcintosh and ingles ( also spelled ‘ engles ’ ) opened in early 1942 . they designed radio stations and sound systems .", "they actively pursued government contracts and contacts .", "over time they met dr . frank stanton – then president of cbs , and leonard reinsch – the radio advisor to harry truman .", "these connections helped clarify the priorities of the needs of the government and military through the 1940 ’ s ( wwii ) and into the nuclear age and the cold war .", "what had started as a focus on the government , however , quickly shifted to the rapidly growing market created by the returning soldiers following the war .", "the new middle class had an insatiable interest in entertainment , including recorded music and high fidelity systems for the home .", "mcintosh hired a young draftsman by the name maurice painchaud ( morris ) in 1944 . morris would remain with mcintosh through all the changes their company would experience until his retirement in 1992 . by that time he had been president since 1989 . in the early 1940s , the radio design and large venue sound systems portion of mcintosh and ingles business required powerful audio amplifiers with dependable , low distortion specifications .", "none of the amplifiers available at the time could be depended upon to deliver their published specs .", "americas manufacturing capacity was immense due to the industrialization for the war effort : if there was something needed that was not already produced , the reasonable solution was to design and manufacture it yourself .", "mcintosh figured that he could develop the amplifiers that were needed and would be the first to accurately advertise their capabilities .", "the war had accelerated the development of many ideas , devices and processes , leading to the invention of thousand of new products .", "the world of electronics was expanding daily with new circuits , materials and components that were not available only months earlier .", "each new advancement lead to even more breakthroughs .", "the industry was feeding on itself .", "the air was alive with competition to be the first to solve any engineering problem .", "keeping track of the advances was difficult since new ideas were coming along so quickly .", "various magazines popped up to attempt to feed the demand for information .", "these included ‘ audio engineering ’ ( later shortened to : ‘ audio ’ ) and ‘ high fidelity ’ .", "in 1946 mcintosh hired gordon gow as an engineering assistant to help him develop his new amplifier concept .", "gow had a background in radio broadcast and had been awarded the “ member of the british empire ” for inventions expanding the field of radar and supporting the war effort .", "following his military tour of duty he was assigned to the british delegation in washington dc where he met frank mcintosh .", "at the time , he was studying common communication techniques to overcome the inherent difficulties of allied communication between languages and different radio systems and technologies during the war .", "both men shared common interests and had similar drive and work ethic .", "gow appears to have been interested in staying in the united states to pursue a career and accepted an offer by mcintosh to help develop a new amplifier design .", "together , mcintosh and gow came up with a new way to balance an amplifier ’ s output across a full audio bandwidth to speakers of varied load characteristics .", "the bottom line : an amplifier capable of producing 50 watts across a bandwidth of 20 to 20 , 000hz with less than 1 % distortion .", "this was not the most powerful amplifier to date but it was clearly a much higher performance level than others had accomplished .", "mcintosh and gow published their results in an article in ‘ audio engineering ’ in december of 1949 titled : “ description and analysis of a new 50 - watt amplifier circuit ” .", "it was the cover story .", "it wasn ’ t until mid 1954 , following a contest in the january - february issue of ‘ high fidelity ’ magazine to name the patented circuit , that “ unity coupling ” was coined for the unique transformer design .", "in 1947 mcintosh and ingles changed its name to mcintosh scientific laboratory .", "among other things , they evolved into a testing , product development and manufacturing firm .", "the unity coupled transformers , for example , were made exclusively by mcintosh .", "in january of 1949 the company was properly incorporated and the name changed again to mcintosh engineering laboratory , incorporated .", "the offices and manufacturing moved from 1213 wyatt building , washington 5 , dc to 910 king street in silver spring maryland .", "the company moved to 320 water street , binghamton , new york .", "mcintosh amplifiers appear in the allied radio catalog and the fort orange radio catalog .", "mccurdey radio industries , ltd . ( canada ) started manufacturing mcintosh equipment under license .", "mcintosh exhibited at the 1952 audio fair .", "mcintosh introduced some recordings as records – short lived .", "mk - 30 amplifier kit – discontinued 1961 . there are numerous stories of the working environment at mcintosh that tell the story of corporate responsibility and the desire of frank mcintosh and gordon gow to stimulate creativity in a pleasant working environment .", "talent was hard to find and harder to replace , particularly after an investment of years of training and working with friends and experienced colleagues .", "apparently frank mcintosh did not like smoking and felt that it was not helpful in the workplace .", "he would write a check , on the spot , for any employee who would agree to quit smoking .", "the agreement was : if they started smoking again , they would have to pay him $ 200 . the policy seemed to work .", "many of the original mcintosh employees stayed with the company until ( and after ) frank ’ s retirement .", "frank mcintosh chose to invest his money in land .", "what started as an investment strategy grew into a pastime and then a mission .", "in 1959 he began buying properties in neighboring towns .", "as he would acquire adjacent properties , he would spend free time clearing underbrush on forested parcels and planting trees on open parcels ; then maintaining them as preserves for wildlife .", "as preserves , the wildlife was somewhat protected from hunters .", "at the time of this writing , he had acquired 1 , 700 acres in new york state as well as 8 , 000 acres in new mexico , california and arizona , and had planted more than 75 , 000 trees .", "in 1977 frank mcintosh retired and gordon gow took over as ceo .", "gordon remained in that position until his death in 1989 . maurice painchaud then took over until 1992 . in 1990 frank mcintosh passed away .", "the same year , his company was purchased by japanese car audio equipment manufacturer : clarion with the intention of expanding a presence into the car audio business .", "the mcintosh brand is still used for american based design of high - end audio equipment .", "hermon scott was born and raised in somerville massachusetts .", "he entered the massachusetts institute of technology ( mit ) for electrical engineering in 1926 and received his bachelors of science degree in 1930 and a masters of science in 1931 . he went on to earn a doctorate from the lowell technological institute some years later .", "his passion for electrical engineering was clear : over the span of his career he held more than 100 us and foreign patents for original research in the field of electronics .", "his inventions included the rc oscillator , the selectively tuned rc circuit , a number of rc filter circuits and the modern sweep circuit .", "he was perhaps best known for the invention of the dynaural noise suppressor ( dns ) .", "after graduating from the lowell technological institute in 1931 , h . h . scott went to work for the cambridge ma based general radio company where he stayed until 1946 . he used the time to develop his theoretical skills into pragmatic applications .", "he started as a sales / development engineer and climbed the ladder to become the executive engineer in charge of audio , acoustic , broadcast and all related technological developments .", "he left the general radio company to form the technology instrument corporation and set up shop in waltham ma .", "he had discovered the need for accurate testing equipment throughout the electrical engineering industry .", "h . h . scott felt that there was a strong market for a company to manufacture accurate testing equipment and that the new company would give him the manufacturing flexibility to experiment with all sorts of new equipment ideas .", "his first product was the type 910 - a dynaural ( dynamic ) noise suppressor .", "it was a 19 ″ rack mounted piece of equipment intended for the radio broadcast industry that would allow radio stations to broadcast more recorded material from old 78 rpm disks .", "this would reduce their dependence on broadcasting live performances with all the related technological and practical difficulties including production costs .", "it worked – and the new company was successful in patenting and then sub - licensing the dns technology to other manufacturers .", "these included emi ( electric and musical industries – of parlaphone and beatles fame ) and fisher radio corporation .", "this also proved to be quite profitable .", "with the initial success of the technology instrument corporation , hermon scott wanted to branch out into the new high fidelity market that showed a lot of potential for invention , innovation and profit .", "h . h . scott was incorporated in 1947 to manufacture high fidelity equipment and moved into an old shoe factory in cambridge ma .", "the first product was a fully integrated amplifier with phonograph preamplifier circuits : the model 210 - a . it incorporated a simplified 3 tube dns circuit and was intended for the emerging consumer market of returning world war ii soldiers .", "scott was one of the first to endorse and develop high fidelity radio using the fm band .", "he helped develop fm tuners , like the model 311 - b monophonic tuner of 1956 , that elevated fm broadcasts to the realm of consumer hi - fi .", "with the advent of stereo for both recorded media and fm broadcast , h . h . scott was the first to offer a fm multiplex stereo tuner in 1961 : the model 350 - a . the quality and innovation was readily acknowledged by scott ’ s contemporaries including saul marantz .", "marantz worked out a deal with scott to allow his model 350 - a to be fitted with a marantz faceplate to aesthetically fit with other marantz preamps and amplifiers of the period .", "in late 1957 h . h . scott built and moved into a state of the art manufacturing and research facility in maynard ma on powder mill road .", "scott found and employed an engineer by the name daniel r . von recklinghausen who would help develop some of the most interesting products of the company .", "he ultimately became the chief research engineer of h . h . scott .", "their approach was to design the best circuits they could , without regard for cost or manufacturing limitations .", "in the end , they felt that the ends would justify the means : if the products were good enough , the public would buy them .", "if they were very expensive , the market may be limited , but the reputation that the products would bestow on the company would be worth it if only in the advertising of comparisons to all other available products .", "the approach worked and the products were wonderful , desirable and well respected .", "the 1960s brought industry - wide change .", "the rapid growth of the japanese electronics manufacturing and importing of solid state equipment placed strong downward pressure on consumer prices .", "with waves of inexpensive foreign electronics flooding the us market , the profit potential of further innovation came to an end .", "the high - end market was too small to continue to support it .", "in 1973 h . h . scott inc . was bought by electro audio dynamics of europe .", "the american operations were relocated to woburn ma .", "in 1985 , the brand name was sold to emerson electric .", "henry kloss didn ’ t see the value of graduating with a physics degree from the massachusetts institute of technology in 1953 . there was too much going on .", "the innovations and advances in electronics published every month in magazines focused on the electrical engineering market were irresistible .", "the possibilities seemed endless .", "the reproduction of sound had become a national pastime .", "with the development of vinyl long playing records , great musical performances were available to all in the comfort of their suburban living rooms .", "even suburbia was new ; populated by willing young consumers , back from the war and full of worldly thoughts and interests .", "they had extra money and were willing to spend it on new stuff .", "engineers could sense the opportunities .", "it was a brave new world to those interested in invention and developing new ideas into practical applications .", "in the spring of 1954 , kloss had abandoned his education to build baruch - lang speakers in his cambridge ma workshop .", "there was money to be made by assembling the speakers for the new hifi market and selling them by mail order .", "he heard about some experiments being performed by one of his former teachers , now at nyu , involving the use of air to improve the low end response of speakers .", "the work was being done by edgar m . vilchur .", "to get low frequencies out of a speaker required either a great deal of power or a very large diaphragm ( or equivalent horn ) .", "the power was not easily generated by affordable tube amplifiers of the day .", "movie theaters could afford the space for very large speaker enclosures and powerful amplifiers , but they were certainly not practical or affordable for residential use .", "to accurately reproduce frequencies below 50 hz ( + / - ) would need either a very large enclosure ( about 14 feet tall ) or a long horn – approximately 13 feet long with a large final diameter .", "paul klipsch had developed an excellent solution to the problem by folding a horn into a corner enclosure .", "the system worked very well but was still quite large .", "the other problem is that low frequencies require the cone of a speaker to move relatively long distances to replicate long ( low ) sound waves .", "in order to be responsive , the cones needs to spring back to it ’ s neutral position quickly in order to produce the next tone .", "the stronger the springs used , the more power is required to move the cones against the force of the “ springs ” .", "the cones were suspended as freely as possible to reduce resistance .", "this included allowing the air to move freely on both sides of the cones .", "this created yet another problem : if the negative wave from the back of the cone was truly equal to the front wave , they could cancel each other .", "edgar vilchur came up with a solid idea : build the speaker cone with minimal ‘ spring ’ and seal the speaker enclosure .", "if the air was entrapped , it would act as the cone spring .", "in addition , a sealed enclosure allowed no rear waves to escape and cancel the frontal sound .", "he built some mock - ups for demonstrations and pitched the idea to several of the major speaker manufacturers of the day .", "none were interested .", "henry kloss heard about vilchur ’ s efforts and let him know that he was interested .", "they got together and listened to the prototypes .", "among the lps that they used for the demonstration was an e . power biggs record with massive organ pedal tones .", "kloss understood the possibilities immediately and offered to help with the design refinements and start building the speakers in his cambridge workshop .", "a partnership was formed between kloss , vilchur and a physicist friend tony hoffman in the spring of 1954 . kloss managed to raise about $ 4 , 000 and vilchur contributed another $ 2 , 000 – enough to get started .", "henry devoted all his time to the project and they pressed to develop a working model by september for the new york audio show .", "the result was the ar - 1 and it was barely ready in time .", "the ar - 1 was demonstrated to all who would listen at the new york audio show .", "the critics appeared to be puzzled : they didn ’ t immediately see the advantage of a compact speaker system .", "bigger is always better – right ?", "the basis for their concern had to do with efficiency : the air - suspension system needed a bit more power than traditional systems .", "despite their concerns , they acknowledged that the new design “ established a new industry standard for low distortion bass .", "” the public , on the other hand , could easily see the advantage of smaller speaker systems with exceptional linear sound .", "the affordable amplifiers of the day produced about 40 to 50 watts – beautifully suited to the task of driving the new systems .", "they sold as quickly as ar could build them .", "the ar - 2 followed with a lower price tag of $ 89 each and sold even better .", "the ar - 3a introduced the dome tweeter and the industry exploded .", "in 1957 henry kloss left ar to start klh with malcolm low and j . anton hofmann ( son of the pianist josef hofmann ) .", "both hofmann and malcolm had been investors in ar and followed kloss to the new venture .", "the idea was to continue to develop high quality audio products at affordable prices .", "kloss wanted to appeal to the mass market .", "kloss continued to refine his speaker designs with the development of the klh model 5 and model 6 acoustic suspension systems .", "he also focussed energy on developing a small affordable table radio with exceptional sound capitalizing on the availability of quality fm broadcasts .", "because of the broad frequency response capabilities of fm , kloss reckoned that a table radio could be well matched to the new medium .", "he understood the speaker side of the equation and only needed to improve the selectivity of the fm radio .", "the result was the klh model 8 . it was about this time that transistors became available .", "they required less space and power to operate than tubes , produced far less heat and were capable of generating far more power .", "kloss saw the possibilities again and set out to produce the first compact , complete stereo system : radio , phonograph , preamplifier and amplifier , all in one enclosure .", "the result was the klh model 11 portable phonograph .", "in 1967 , henry kloss started his own company : advent .", "the first issues of a new audio magazine : the absolute sound , featured a pair of the new advent speakers on the cover .", "they were the standard of the era – well designed , simple , small enough to fit in any living room but large enough to provide massive sound .", "the original offering was simply called the advent loudspeaker and had a dual driver system including a 10 ″ acoustically suspended woofer .", "this later became known as the large advent when kloss introduced a smaller version with an 8 ″ driver called the small advent .", "despite the refinements to speaker design that advent developed , kloss was beginning to direct his design energies to a new project : projection television .", "kloss imagined television that could provide the kind of impact that was only found in movie theaters .", "the sound side of the equation had been solved , now he needed to develop a way to project the tv image to a large screen .", "bear in mind , the vcr had not yet been developed .", "kloss imagined the impact of regular broadcast television as a large screen experience .", "the original advent tv projectors worked .", "the advent video beam 1000 was introduced in 1972 and intended for the residential market .", "they were rather large , needed to be in a fixed location and angle and were not as bright as hoped .", "they were also expensive .", "most importantly , however , they did work – and the impact was strong .", "the first installations were bars and public places for sports broadcasts .", "they were not quickly accepted in the residential market .", "the expense was the primary factor .", "most importantly , the technology was good and allowed room for further development .", "henry kloss pressed forward to develop the novatron tube .", "this began to resolve the focus , brightness and stability of the video images .", "his timing was good .", "in 1973 , ampex had developed the a standard for 1 ″ video tape recording – the original vtr .", "sony had been working on their own proprietary system : betamax and released a videocassette recording format in 1975 . the japanese corporation jvc , in direct competition with sony , released their recording format in 1976 : vhs .", "the kloss video projection system was ready for the new video formats and the concept of home theater was born .", "the advances kept coming : in 1978 ‘ discovervision ’ was the new laserdisc technology for video images .", "it was the precursor to compact discs : cds .", "in 1962 , royal philips electronics incorporated ( denmark ) had created a small cassette container for magnetic tape intended for the business dictation market .", "the tape spools were sized for convenience , not optimal sound reproduction .", "the small cassettes intrigued kloss .", "if they could be made for better fidelity , they could work in all sorts of applications .", "the smaller the medium , the greater the opportunities for public applications .", "the cassettes could be fitted with quality tape and the length was sufficient to accommodate 45 minutes of recording per side – enough for a normal record album .", "the problem was the slow tape speed .", "slow speed meant lower overall frequency response and a greater amount of wow and flutter .", "to make matters worse , the tape hiss at the slow speeds was very high .", "these concerns had no bearing on the dictation market but were critical if the cassettes were used to reproduce music .", "henry kloss knew of work that was being done in california by ray dolby for the movie industry .", "dolby had developed circuits that artificially exaggerated the higher frequencies before recording onto tape .", "the magnetic tape was quite good at reproducing high frequencies , so capturing the exaggerated sounds was simple for the medium .", "on playback , another circuit was used to essentially turn down the treble the precise amount that equalled the original exaggeration .", "by turning down the treble , the tape hiss disappeared but the recorded signal sounded normal .", "kloss reckoned that if he could license the dolby technology , he could apply it to compact cassettes for music reproduction .", "he knew he could solve the mechanical tape problems with quality tape machines .", "he also knew that newly developed magnetic oxide formulations had improved the frequency response of magnetic tapes .", "the new formulations could also be used for the cassettes .", "kloss had to convince ray dolby that it was worth his while to license the technology .", "he did .", "the advent model 200 was the first compact cassette recording and playback device to incorporate dolby b noise reduction systems .", "this was quickly followed by the model 201 and then the 201a .", "the door was now open to use the new systems at home , at work , in the car and ultimately in pocket sized personal stereo devices .", "the door was also open for a recording industry to grow utterly paranoid about the ease of copyright infringement .", "henry kloss was independent .", "he loved the act of invention and loved the collaboration of assembling different new technologies , but he apparently didn ’ t like retail dealers .", "each of his businesses depended on the distribution and sales networks of others .", "except , of course , for the original mail order business he had in cambridge when he collaborated with edgar vilchur .", "his reputation and the public perception of his products rested in the hands of retail dealers that did not always act with his company ’ s best interest at heart .", "to solve this , kloss started cambridge soundworks .", "the new company would only sell directly to the public by telephone and mail .", "the company was well underway before the age of the internet made the new retail model even more efficient .", "kloss went back to his roots .", "one of the first new products was the model 88 table radio incorporating all he had learned from previous ventures .", "the new speaker systems he developed were satellite systems with 2 small midrange / tweeters independent of a single ( or double ) subwoofer .", "it was now easier than ever to incorporate good speaker systems into any sized room without the visual impact of large speakers .", "he also developed in - wall speaker systems and served as an outlet ( dealer ) for amplifiers and other electronics that he felt were suitable to his speaker systems .", "other offering include high quality speaker systems for personal computers .", "henry kloss left the company in 1996 and sold cambridge soundworks in 1997 to creative technology .", "kloss was approached by tom devesto to press one more advance on the table radio concept .", "devesto had been a co - founder of cambridge soundworks .", "using the new technologies that allow cell phones to deliver clean , clear sound , kloss incorporated the new circuits into a smaller table radio .", "the product sold for around $ 99 and was built to last .", "henry kloss died in 2002 of a subdural hematoma .", "the story goes that his house was sold to new owners with the basement still full of kloss ’ accumulated electronics lab equipment .", "this was the equipment that he used for many ( or most ) of his advancements .", "the equipment was supposedly discarded as salvage .", "© 2005 - 2017 acousticmusic .", "org .", "all rights reserved .", "< # if ( data .", "meta .", "album ) { # > { { data .", "meta .", "album } } < # } # > < # if ( data .", "meta .", "artist ) { # > { { data .", "meta .", "artist } } < # } # > < # if ( data .", "artists & & data .", "meta .", "artist ) { # > — { { data .", "meta .", "artist } } < # } # > < # } # > < # if ( data .", "meta .", "length _ formatted ) { # > <EOS>" ]

[ [ "reception", "in a review for jazztimes lloyd sachs states \" as she does throughout aeriol piano , davis draws you in so effortlessly that the brilliance of what she ' s doing doesn ' t hit you until the piece has slipped past you . \" the point of departure review by troy collins says \" a product of her influences , davis seamlessly incorporates lessons learned from disparate sources , adapting the dissonant intervals of cecil taylor , probing lyricism of paul bley and understated minimalism of morton feldman into a singular style largely devoid of the clichés of the jazz tradition , such as block chords or left - handed bass lines . \"" ] ]

[ "< EOT > javascript seems to be disabled in your browser .", "you must have javascript enabled in your browser to utilize the functionality of this website .", "“ harper clearly isn ’ t subscribing to the notion that the passage of time steals musicians ’ gifts and buries their mojo … he borders upon the supernatural … still got it , roy .", "” – record collector “ roy harper is on bravely impressive form .", "his distinctively acrobatic singing and his guitar work are powerfully confident , and several new songs compare well to his classic work from the 1970s … he ' s still unique .", "” – the guardian “ roy harper ' s first album in 13 years is an absolute corker on which he runs the gamut from cutting protest songs and sweet balladry to mystical folk odysseys .", "” – the observer “ the most erudite of songsmiths … man and myth is effortlessly tuneful , and swathed in allusions to greek mythology .", "this is classic harper .", "” – q “ harper commendably continues to bring idiosyncrasy , passion , literacy and an intense , grandiose atmosphere … this album is loaded with old gold .", "hats off .", "” – classic rock you have no items in your shopping cart .", "posters / t - shirts etc .", "posters / t - shirts etc .", "vinyl reissues - part 2 pre - order now via pledgemusic . . . new t - shirt here at the roy harper shop . . . vinyl reissues available now . . . cd , flac and mp3 available here at the roy harper shop .", "vinyl lp available at amazon .", "“ harper ' s first album in 13 years is a magnificent , ambitious rejuvenation .", "” – uncut “ restless , melodic and endlessly absorbing , ' man & myth ' is the sound of an artist at the peak of his powers ” .", "– sunday express “ a poetic , typically untethered set wherein bouzouki pecks and mellotron complement roy ’ s latest voyage into open - tuning land .", "” – mojo “ this fabulous collection proves that harper ’ s creative flame burns brightly still . . . with contributions from pete townsend and jonathan wilson , the album thrives on poetic expression , winning melodies and neat guitar flourishes .", "” – the sun “ harper has lost none of his political fire … an album that re - establishes harper as folk music ’ s ultimate enigma .", "” – evening standard “ harper ’ s acoustic guitar melodies meander along gracefully , building into moments of great agitation ; raw emotional honesty coexists with mythmaking lyrics romanticising him as the eternal outsider .", "” – financial times “ roy harper returns with his best album in decades , confirming that , in his seventies , harper ’ s maverick character , poetic sensibility and singing remain undimmed and focused .", "” – the independent “ these levels of candour and grandeur are rarely witnessed . \"", "– prog read full album reviews , live reviews and interviews here . . . © 2016 science friction ltd . all rights reserved .", "<EOS>" ]

[ [ "history", "with a working title of rizla , whatever happened to jugula ? was released on the beggars banquet label ( bbl60 ) and reached the uk top 20 . it is recorded in a fresh and spontaneous manner , often with only the unique sound of ovation guitars and vocals . occasionally , the arrangements are filled with synthesizer and electric guitar . the album ' s cover art shows ( an unravelled orange rizla pack . the album was partially recorded in the basement of an old school friend ' s house in lytham . boiler house studios were run by tony beck who encouraged harper to renew his acquaintance with jimmy page . together they began work on what was to become this album . ' jugula ' exposed harper to a new and wider audience , mainly due to his and jimmy page ' s appearances at the cambridge folk festival in 1984 , an album tour ( of which four performances were filmed and exist on archive footage ) and a 15 - minute televised interview by mark ellen on the old grey whistle test ( 16 november 1984 ) . the interview featured harper and page playing their acoustic guitars on the side of side pike in the english lake district , a somewhat different and unusual interview for the time . songs played included \" hangman \" and a section from \" the same old rock \" . the album was the fifth that harper and page had worked on , though the first entire record they made together . page ' s guitar playing is quite evident throughout the album , and is a natural complement to harper ' s unique guitar work . the first track , \" nineteen forty - eightish \" , a reference to george orwell ' s nineteen eighty - four , crescendos with lead guitar by page . other tracks include \" hangman \" , a song that expresses the feelings of an innocent man condemned to die and \" frozen moment \" , a song played entirely in the chord of c ♯ . the title for ' jugula ' came from playing trivial pursuit , in order to explain to everyone how they should go about answering the questions as straight and honestly as possible i ' d say , \" go for the jugular \" . it was going to be ' harper & page ' for a while , but that ' s like selling jimmy ' s name , then it went to ' 1214 ' which is the year that the magna carta was signed . . . but that was a bit esoteric . so one day we were talking and \" jugula \" came up , so i phoned the artist and they ' d designed up to the ' whatever happened to . . . ' bit so i said leave it there and put jugula at the end . the track \" hope \" originated as a tune written by david gilmour for his second solo album about face . he asked pete townshend to supply lyrics , but felt that he couldn ' t relate to them , so townshend used the song instead , as \" white city fighting \" , with gilmour playing guitar , on his album white city : a novel . gilmour sent the same tune to harper , whose lyrics had the same effect on gilmour . harper used the result , \" hope \" , which has a markedly slower tempo , on this album , with his son nick harper ( 16 years old at the time ) , playing the lead guitar ( not gilmour as is often mistakenly stated ) . \" hangman \" is about the feelings of an innocent man condemned to be executed for a crime he did not commit . of capital punishment harper stated \" that people can even think about bringing back the death penalty is profane . yes , some people deserve to be locked up forever , but they ' re the responsibility of society . they are part of what we are . we have to be able to civilise , to teach with heart , and to keep the savage in ourselves under scrutiny rather than allowing the mob in us to rule . \"" ], [ "chart positions", "" ] ]

[ "< EOT > originally a family group in the vein of the osmonds , by the end of the ' 70s the eight - piece dooleys transformed into abba wannabes , going all in on euro - pop and disco .", "this brought the group a top 10 u . k . hit with \" wanted \" in 1979 , and this 2013 7t ' s two - fer chronicles the group ' s two subsequent albums : 1980 ' s full house and its 1981 sequel , secrets .", "both records were released in the ' 80s , but their heart belongs in the sequined , spangled , satin ' 70s , all shimmering disco globes and chirpy harmonies .", "on both these records , the dooleys sound precisely like abba did three or four years prior , but there is a big difference : they ' re cloying and saccharine , possessing flashy , tacky european style but not much in the way of songs .", "counter - intuitively , it ' s the second album secrets that ' s the strongest here : the disco has been absorbed and there ' s a heavier quotient of show biz splash and soft rock .", "plus , it has several oddities : \" love me love me do \" surges on just the slightest hint of hard rock rhythms ( call it arena disco ) , \" in real life \" feels like a rejected tv theme song , and \" tokyo feeling , \" a novelty created for their sizeable japanese audience , is positively bonkers .", "full house is a slog - - it doesn ' t take long before all the irrepressible cheer grates - - but secrets is kind of an interesting time capsule , a closet filled with every forgotten embarrassment from a neglected age .", "7t ' s loaded up the two - disc two - fer with rarities , including b - sides , extended mixes , and songs that appeared only in japan .", "for those dooleys diehards , this is an embarrassment of riches ; for everybody else it ' s too much of a mediocre thing .", "please enable javascript in your browser to use the site fully .", "allmusic relies heavily on javascript .", "<EOS>" ]

[ [ "background", "by late 1981 , the group had released two consecutive flop singles , \" in a riddle \" from the previous album and \" taken at the flood \" , a stand - alone single , which wasn ' t considered good enough for inclusion on this album . the group spent the year recording this album with new producer , former pop singer barry blue . in september , the lead single \" and i wish \" was released . an upbeat pop song , it became their first chart entry for a year , but only managed to reach no . 52 . the album was released soon after . their record label , gto records was at the time being taken over by epic records and promotion for the album suffered . secrets failed to chart , as did the follow - up single \" the dancer \" , which was released by epic . in japan , a third single was released ; \" tokyo feeling \" . track \" tip of my tongue \" ( co - written by lynsey de paul ) had previously been recorded by barry blue himself and also as a single by liquid gold ' s ellie hope , while track \" love me , love me do \" had been recorded ( but never released ) a year earlier by pop duo dollar as \" living each day for you \" . soon after the album ' s release three members of the group departed to live in south africa and a new female singer was employed , making the group now a six - piece . some new tracks were recorded and released along with several songs from this album in germany in 1982 , where \" and i wish \" had been a hit . the album was titled and i wish there , while it was renamed the dancer in japan , where they had experienced some success over the past two years . the group released two more singles in the uk and did record another album in 1983 , but this was only released in japan . single , \" and i wish \" remains the dooleys final uk chart entry . secrets was released on compact disc by cherry red records in may 2013 in a double - pack with their previous album , full house . this featured a number of bonus tracks , including two non - album singles released around this time ." ] ]

[ "< EOT > washington square music and austin , tx - based rock band my jerusalem are pleased to announce the friday , june 24 release of the band ’ s new album , a little death .", "“ the little death , ” or “ la petite mort ” in french , refers to , well , an orgasm , and somewhere between the literal definition and the slang is where frontman jeff klein situated the album .", "“ like any kid , i was obsessed with death and obsessed with sex .", "some people grow out of it and start families and become normal people and some of us just stay the same , ” klein laughs .", "“ i ’ m still obsessing about the psychology behind death and sex .", "” this duality bleeds through on the album , which flexes a lurid sexual energy , reminiscent of something between nick cave and the bad seeds and echo and the bunnymen .", "stream the first single from a little death titled “ rabbit rabbit ” via consequence of sound here .", "this fiercely neurotic , shamelessly tuneful , power pop trio offers six nuggets of pure punk - as vehement as hardcore punk anthems but at least ten times as melodic .", "fueled by frontman chris kennedy ' s obsessions and misfit anxieties , the little death is a blast of quirky , catchy pop with elvis costello - ish vocals and fever - pitched guitars .", "corralling the energy of a punk band and putting it into a pop band , it ' s as if the ramones found the fountain of youth . \"", "jerome \" builds from a whisper to a full - blown scream , while still boasting the tight instrumentation that made \" uninvited \" ( from their debut full - length laughing gallery ) a dark - horse radio hit .", "the little death was produced by epitaph records owner brett gurewitz ( ex - bad religion ) and co - released with epitaph records .", "( der - 360 ) alongside standout tracks like the high - energy “ rabbit rabbit ” and the slowed down banger “ no one gonna give you love , ” klein also enlisted the help of another friend on the album ’ s opener , “ young leather , ” singer elle king , who contributes background vocals under the song ’ s raging saxophone .", "her timeless voice is the perfect complement to the old - fashioned nature of a little death , an album which pays homage to a classic era of rock and roll , one that lacked pretension and focused on honesty in songwriting .", "older people going for their annual flu jab may find that it helps to be a little more ronnie corbett and a little . . . older people going for their annual flu jab may find that it helps to be a little more ronnie . . . older people going for their annual flu jab may find that it helps to be a little more ronnie . . . my jerusalem to release new album , a little death , on friday , june 24 . first single , “ rabbit rabbit , ” now premiering via consequence of sound – washington square music my jerusalem to release new album , a little death , on friday , june 24 . first single , “ rabbit rabbit , ” now premiering via consequence of sound though my jerusalem has been kicking around in some capacity since 2010 , a little death is the first album with a solidified lineup .", "previously , the band had been more of a collective , with contributions from klein ’ s revolving door of friends from previous projects , gutter twins and the twilight singers , and who had also played in bands like cursive , okkervil river , and the polyphonic spree .", "now , with a full - time lineup of members including grant van amburgh ( drums ) , kyle robarge ( bass ) , and jon merz ( guitar , keys , horns ) , “ my jerusalem is a true band , ” klein says .", "little barrie release their highly anticipated 5th studio album ‘ death express ’ on 7th july on non delux .", "little barrie return with new single ‘ love or love ’ .", "it ’ s the first single to be taken from their new album ‘ death express ’ , which will drop in spring 2017 . veteran mc jay - z dropped his 13th album last night via tidal , the streaming service he owns .", "on the album , executive produced by no i . d . , jay - z takes a pro - black stance , addresses intergenerational conflicts in hip - hop and talks about marital troubles after many had interpreted lines for his wife beyoncé & apos ; s 2016 album lemonade as alluding to infidelity .", "here & apos ; s a track - by - track breakdown of 4 : 44 .", "4 : 44 was not preceded by a single , and the album & apos ; s advance buzz correctly surmised that this very personal album would not be particularly radio - friendly .", "but the reggae - tinged \" bam \" has emerged as an early fan favorite , a celebratory track where jay shouts \" hov ! \"", "in a cadence reminiscent of the black album & apos ; s perennial concert staple \" public service announcement . \"", "the mystery jets and young knives are about to have some company : pete cattermoul and his reading - based pirates plough the same weird pop row , but with more attention to hooks and choruses .", "the \" pirates \" is more than just affectation : there are plenty of rollicking , shantyish numbers ( the misleadingly named lost in the woods , for one ) that have the tang of salt air .", "these tracks are a surprisingly snug fit alongside the garage rock , the mersey - style pop and the musty pastoral ballads that fill the rest of their debut - though this eclecticism does make little death feel like the work of several different bands .", "no matter .", "there is imagination to spare here , as well as the occasional winning lyric ( \" get out of bed , it ' s the wrong one \" , fruitily sung as a three - part harmony ) and tunes that get under your skin after one listen .", "there ' s life in brit guitar - pop yet .", "music journalist rob sheffield famously described new zealand pop band the clean ( famously among flying nun enthusiasts , anyhow ) as what the velvets would sound like if they \" had ever been deported to an island of 6 million sheep . \"", "pete and the pirates , then , are the clean if kilgour & co . forsook their homeland ' s livestock - freckled landscape for a thickly populated post - industrial uk burgh . \"", "ill love \" , lead - off track on the reading band ' s inaugural lp little death could , with its babbling bass , rattling guitar , and infectious - as - ringworm melody be dunedin , 1981 , all over again .", "producer gareth parton ( the go !", "team , foals ) wisely handles little death with a light touch , engineering some fantastic vocal interplay ( like less dramaturgical versions of the futureheads ) , and otherwise leaving things the hell alone .", "the pirates aren ' t up to anything fancy lyrically , either .", "they ply several clever turns of phrase , even passages of rueful wit ( \" you and me trying hard to remember / how we ever started out with our sights so high \" ) , but most songs couch romantic travail and workaday worry in familiar pop music terms .", "there are endless references to bed - - knocking boots , passing out , and just plain sleeping .", "but unlike that of their laddish contemporaries , the pirates ' version of debauchery is mostly milquetoast , the saturday night escapades of guys who don collared shirts and brave the m4 each weekday to get to their entry - level insurance jobs .", "in other words , a welcome respite for anyone weary of the tabloid exploits of that other pete , doherty ( which is everyone , right ?", ") . \"", "this new york band debuted last year with the wonderful laughing gallery , and are back with a few more gems up their sleeves .", "we ' ve heard this sort of hooky , aggressive power - pop from groups such as the meices and the doughboys , but the ruth ' s secret weapon is vocalist chris kennedy .", "actually , his vigorous , belting , yet extremely soulful pipes are less of a secret weapon , and more an integral part of the band ' s frenzied panache .", "kennedy has the ability to turn a song such as the little death ' s simple pop - punky tenderlung into something of an anthem . \"", "- big takeover download any album in the entire deep elm records catalog by naming your price .", "that ' s right , we leave it up to you to decide the value , not the price , of each album you download .", "if the music moves you , please tell your friends as we depend on word of mouth to survive .", "your support has been an important factor in keeping this label 100 % independent over the past 20 + years . . . so from all of us at deep elm , thank you !", "we ' re not just making music together , we ' re making history .", "a new little barrie album will be released later this year .", "little barrie have been honing their sounds and crafting their art for 15 years .", "avoiding hype and surviving fashion and its whimsical dalliances .", "it ’ s what great bands do .", "having recently penned the theme tune to ‘ better call saul ’ , the band ’ s music has been synced across adverts , films and tv shows in both the uk and the us .", "on 3rd june , little barrie release this new 2 track 7 ” single ‘ i .", "5 . c . a .", "’ inspired by some hallucinatory drives up and down u . s interstate 5 highway on their last worldwide tour .", "in the final year of prince & apos ; s life , he befriended jay - z , publicly praising tidal as an artist - friendly company and giving the site exclusive streaming rights for his catalog .", "since prince & apos ; s death last year , however , lawyers and family members have descended upon the rock legend & apos ; s estate , bringing prince & apos ; s albums to other streaming services .", "jay lashes out at one of prince & apos ; s former attorneys , londell mcmillan , by name on \" caught their eyes , \" sneering , \" you greedy bastards sold tickets to walk through his house / i & apos ; m surprised you ain & apos ; t auction off the casket . \"", "amid the retina - shredding , cochlea - clattering carnage of new music in 2008 , pete & the pirates ’ debut album sure seems unremarkable at first .", "“ why , if it ’ s not tinny guitar - pop stripped back to its most weedy of forms ” you might snort , noting the handclaps , the harmonies and some of the most polite rocking - out ever committed to tape .", "yet dig beneath the surface and you ’ ll have your senses rearranged by the tightness of hamburg - era beatles , the indie aesthetic of c86 and the dizzy vocal interplay of a more chart - friendly futureheads .", "perfect pop without the pretence , basically .", "“ starlight , starbright / and it ’ s you i ’ m dreaming of tonight ” chime the reading five - piece on ‘ song for today ’ .", "in fact , unless you ’ ve a vocoder where your heart should be , they ’ ll make you realise that , sometimes , all you need is a guitar , a head full of melody and a heart full of romance .", "any kiwi bloodlines , however , are diverted through the now - hegemonic channels of 1990s american indie rock .", "so as much as the album sounds like a lost tape from the boodle boodle boodle sessions , that ' s probably only because it rings with scrappy , melodic pavementisms , amber - toned yo la tengo chords , and the genial chug of superchunk ' s brake - free singles . \"", "come on feet \" , one of the year ' s most potent earworms dangles a couple shallow hooks before plowing into a tent revival of maniacal handclapping and late - night , lager - sotted ooh - oohs .", "singer / guitarist tom sanders previously recorded \" feet \" ( as well as \" she doesn ' t belong to me \" , née \" she doesn ' t belong \" ) for his tap tap solo project , but the full - band version of the song , which now also includes vocals from second guitarist pete hefferan ( one of two petes in the pirates ) exercises the song ' s full anthemic potential . \"", "knots \" is a two - and - change blast of chipped guitar and oscillating rhythm .", "even tracks that start woozy like \" eyes like tar \" are pebbles on an incline ; once kicked they can ' t seem to defy the laws of physics .", "“ the album has a throwback vibe to it , ” says klein , who spent many nights walking around the time capsule of an area around his rental home in brooklyn , among the russian immigrants and foreign culture of the new york blocks .", "this setting also provided him with the ability to reflect on the loss of his mother and deal with the family and personal issues he ’ d put on the backburner for years – another dynamic centerpiece that is largely present within the duration of the record .", "“ there ’ s a recurring theme of fate , luck , desire , and consequence , ” he says of it , “ and also , how to be more accountable as a human .", "” ahead of the release of 4 : 44 , hyphen fans everywhere celebrated the return of \" jay - z , \" the stylization that sean carter used from roughly 1997 until 2013 , when he dropped the punctuation to become simply \" jay z . \"", "the fact that the first new song by the renewed jay - z is titled \" kill jay z , \" with no hyphen , is either a typographical error or pointed subtext .", "is he killing off the version of himself from the last four years , the one that inspired the songs of betrayal on beyonce & apos ; s lemonade ? \"", "it & apos ; s really about the ego , \" jay said in an iheart radio interview that accompanied the premiere of the album . \"", "it & apos ; s about killing off the ego , so we can have this conversation in a place of vulnerability and honesty . \"", "each verse shows how he attempts to turn pain to triumph in his life .", "observations like being \" that boy / anita baker & apos ; s & apos ; you bring me joy & apos ; slapping out of the toy \" sound celebratory instead of arrogant .", "then he reminds us that , yes , he owns the music service on which this album premiered . \"", "respect jimmy iovine , \" he says in regards to his beats 1 competitor . \"", "but he gotta respect the elohim / it & apos ; s a whole different regime . \"", "more than just braggadocio , it & apos ; s a call for his fans to support black entrepreneurship – the same ethos that led prince to give exclusive streaming rights to tidal before he passed away .", "although no i . d . produced every song on 4 : 44 , \" caught their eyes \" is one of five tracks with a \" co - produced by jay - z \" credit .", "historically this has meant that jay suggested a sample to a beatmaker , as when he brought 9th wonder the r . kelly loop used on 2003 & apos ; s \" threat . \"", "the source material that jay presumably suggested for \" caught their eyes \" is the second nina simone sample of the album : her 1978 cover of randy newman & apos ; s \" baltimore \" ( previously sampled by the game and countless baltimore mcs like mullyman and jade fox ) . \"", "their eyes , \" sings simone , with frank ocean finishing her sentence with \" … still stinging with tears \" speaking with iheartradio , jay - z explained the origins of 4 : 44 & apos ; s title , if not the fraught emotions at its core . \"", "i woke up , literally , at 4 : 44 in the morning , 4 : 44 a . m . , to write this song , \" he recalled . \"", "so it became the title of the album and everything .", "it & apos ; s the title track because it & apos ; s such a powerful song , and i just believe one of the best songs i & apos ; ve ever written . \"", "‘ love or love ’ has been mixed by grammy - nominated tommy forrest ( duke dumont , basement jaxx , rudimental ) who also did the last single ‘ i .", "5 . c . a .", "’ little barrie have been honing their sounds and crafting their art for 15 years .", "avoiding hype and surviving fashion and its whimsical dalliances .", "it ’ s what great bands do .", "little barrie are guitarist and vocalist , barrie cadogan , bassist lewis wharton and drummer extraordinaire , virgil howe .", "in addition to being in the band , wharton is also a motorcycle enthusiast and illustrator ; howe , the acclaimed drumming son of rock figurehead steve howe , produces and djs in the uk and abroad ; cadogan is a world respected guitarist and the go - to guy for the likes of primal scream , paul weller , edwyn collins , anton newcombe , spiritualized , pete molinari , charles bradley , the chemical brothers and paolo nutini .", "it is a testament to these three players that as a band they are making their strongest music to date .", "limited edition 7 ” by little barrie .", "little barrie are guitarist and vocalist , barrie cadogan , bassist lewis wharton and drummer extraordinaire , virgil howe .", "in addition to being in the band , wharton is also a motorcycle enthusiast and illustrator ; howe , the acclaimed drumming son of rock figurehead steve howe , produces and djs in the uk and abroad ; cadogan is a world respected guitarist and the go - to guy for the likes of primal scream , paul weller , edwyn collins , anton newcombe , spiritualized , pete molinari , the chemical brothers and paolo nutini .", "a black - and - white animated video for \" the story of o . j . \"", "also surfaced on tidal on thursday night .", "jay - z directed the clip along with mark romanek , the man behind 2004 & apos ; s \" 99 problems \" video and feature films like never let me go .", "the clip centers on a character named \" jaybo , \" a tweak on the \" sambo \" character from the children & apos ; s book the story of little black sambo , a reference that & apos ; s long - running shorthand for racist portrayals of african - americans in the media .", "the character inhabits a number of personas based on the song & apos ; s lyrics : a slave picking cotton in the fields , a patient in therapy and , in a coy reference to the recent rumored birth of jay - z & apos ; s twins , a man holding a baby in each arm .", "our site uses cookies .", "by continuing to use our site you are agreeing to our cookies policy .", "we have noticed that there is an issue with your subscription billing details .", "please update your billing details here the subscription details associated with this account need to be updated .", "please update your billing details here to continue enjoying your subscription .", "please update your billing details here to continue enjoying your access to the most informative and considered journalism in the uk .", "blink and you ’ ll miss it .", "offer ends on october 2nd .", "blink and you ’ ll miss it .", "offer ends on october 2nd .", "blink and you ’ ll miss it .", "john mcdonnell has admitted that labour is conducting “ war games ” to prepare for a run on the pound if it gains power .", "the shadow chancellor told a meeting at labour ’ s annual conference that he did not expect such a scenario to unfold but that the party had to be ready for an “ assault ” by opponents in the city , media and parliament .", "the prospect of a flight of capital . . . john mcdonnell has admitted that labour is conducting “ war games ” to prepare for a run on the . . . john mcdonnell has admitted that labour is conducting “ war games ” to prepare for a run on the . . . the government has dropped its “ have cake and eat it ” approach to brexit , donald tusk said today , but there has not . . . the government has dropped its “ have cake and eat it ” approach to brexit , donald tusk said today , but there has not been enough progress to move on to trade negotiations .", "speaking outside downing street after a 90 - minute meeting with theresa may , the european council president said that he was encouraged by the . . . the government has dropped its “ have cake and eat it ” approach to brexit , donald tusk said today , but there has not been enough . . . a black playwright and actor whose mother took three jobs to put him through private stage school has taken the helm of one of the country ’ s leading theatres .", "kwame kwei - armah , who was the first black dramatist to have a play in the west end , will . . . a black playwright and actor whose mother took three jobs to put him through private stage school . . . a black playwright and actor whose mother took three jobs to put him through private stage school . . . for alex in a clockwork orange , it was beethoven all the way .", "however psychopaths prefer listening to rap rather . . . for alex in a clockwork orange , it was beethoven all the way .", "however psychopaths . . . for alex in a clockwork orange , it was beethoven all the way .", "however psychopaths . . . it features sex , violence and human psychology , all the ingredients of a good greek tragedy .", "now the writer of doctor . . . it features sex , violence and human psychology , all the ingredients of a good greek tragedy .", "now . . . it features sex , violence and human psychology , all the ingredients of a good greek tragedy .", "now . . . targeted radiotherapy can cure prostate cancer in men whose disease was once thought to be incurable , preventing . . . targeted radiotherapy can cure prostate cancer in men whose disease was once thought to be . . . targeted radiotherapy can cure prostate cancer in men whose disease was once thought to be . . . prince harry and his girlfriend meghan markle have appeared side by side at a public event for the first time .", "the fifth in line to the throne and the actress were in toronto , canada , for the invictus games , of which harry is a patron , and . . . prince harry and his girlfriend meghan markle have appeared side by side at a public event for . . . prince harry and his girlfriend meghan markle have appeared side by side at a public event for . . . britain ’ s banks could lose £ 30 billion on credit card , car finance and personal loans if there were a recession , the . . . britain ’ s banks could lose £ 30 billion on credit card , car finance and personal loans if there . . . britain ’ s banks could lose £ 30 billion on credit card , car finance and personal loans if there . . . one of the banners seen at the labour party conference in brighton on sunday said “ abolish the police ” .", "not a good . . . one of the banners seen at the labour party conference in brighton on sunday said “ abolish the . . . one of the banners seen at the labour party conference in brighton on sunday said “ abolish the . . . a knife - wielding schoolgirl had to be restrained by staff after stabbing a support worker before classes began yesterday .", "the 16 - year - old pupil was arrested on suspicion of attempted murder after the 61 - year - old victim , a . . . a knife - wielding schoolgirl had to be restrained by staff after stabbing a support worker before classes began yesterday .", "the 16 - year - old pupil was arrested on suspicion of attempted murder after the 61 - year - old victim , a . . . a knife - wielding schoolgirl had to be restrained by staff after stabbing a support worker before classes began . . . robots will soon be issuing personalised holiday spending advice to britons .", "artificial intelligence will be used to tell travellers how much to budget for daily expenses and to help them to buy currency when rates are favourable .", "robots will soon be issuing personalised holiday spending advice to britons .", "artificial intelligence will be used to tell travellers how much to budget for daily expenses and to help them to buy currency when rates are favourable .", "robots will soon be issuing personalised holiday spending advice to britons .", "artificial intelligence will be used to . . . more than 9 , 400 schools had a budget deficit in 2015 - 16 , over a third of the total , according to government figures .", "almost 4 , 000 schools have been in the red for two years , nearly 1 , 600 for three years , more than 400 for four . . . more than 9 , 400 schools had a budget deficit in 2015 - 16 , over a third of the total , according to government figures .", "almost 4 , 000 schools have been in the red for two years , nearly 1 , 600 for three years , more than 400 for four . . . more than 9 , 400 schools had a budget deficit in 2015 - 16 , over a third of the total , according to government figures .", "dozens of schools are entering pupils for two different maths gcses in the hope of getting better grades and therefore pushing their institution up the league tables .", "figures show that 54 schools “ double - entered ” pupils for . . . dozens of schools are entering pupils for two different maths gcses in the hope of getting better grades and therefore pushing their institution up the league tables .", "figures show that 54 schools “ double - entered ” pupils for . . . dozens of schools are entering pupils for two different maths gcses in the hope of getting better grades and . . . sheikh pays £ 17m for london flat . . . and £ 8m for one to house his servants ‘ it ’ s not an overstatement , ” declared the fictional insane pr executive siobhan sharpe in the bbc ’ s comedy w1a last week , “ it ’ s an überstatement .", "” good word .", "also last week , transport for london decided to ban the private hire company uber .", "the . . . ‘ it ’ s not an overstatement , ” declared the fictional insane pr executive siobhan sharpe in the . . . ‘ it ’ s not an overstatement , ” declared the fictional insane pr executive siobhan sharpe in the . . . sir , royal marines commandos are prominent in the uk hurricane response and were among the most deployed units in iraq and afghanistan .", "yet you report that a cut of 1 , 000 of the 6 , 500 royal marines is likely , to help balance the navy ’ s budget . . . sir , royal marines commandos are prominent in the uk hurricane response and were among the most . . . sir , royal marines commandos are prominent in the uk hurricane response and were among the most . . . letters to the editor should be sent to letters @ thetimes .", "co . uk uk : theresa may meets donald tusk , the president of the european council , to discuss brexit ; tom watson , deputy leader of the labour party , address the party conference in brighton ; the 2017 turner prize exhibition opens to the public , running until january 7 , 2018 . slovakia : boris johnson , the foreign secretary , meets robert fico , the prime minister , and ivan korcok , the foreign minister .", "france : paris fashion week opens .", "in 1907 new zealand became a dominion ; in 1934 queen mary launched the liner queen mary at clydebank ; in 1957 the bernstein - sondheim musical west side story was first performed in new york ; in 1977 freddie laker ’ s skytrain took off from gatwick for new york with one - way tickets at £ 59 . there are two flowers that look like crocuses that occasionally come up in autumn in meadows .", "the better known is meadow saffron , which is a native wildflower that is also often planted in gardens , where it may be called colchicum .", "its lilac flowerhead looks very like that of a crocus , but it belongs to the lily family .", "the most striking thing about it is its stalk , because this is long , white and bare of leaves .", "this stalk is what gives it its comic alternative name , naked ladies .", "it has narrow green leaves earlier in the spring , but by the time the flower opens they have vanished .", "not surprisingly it is sometimes — but misleadingly — called autumn crocus .", "all parts of it are poisonous .", "the flower that british botanists have officially named as “ autumn crocus ” is a true crocus , shorter and purple - flowered .", "it is mainly a garden flower imported from southern europe , but sometimes comes up in the wild in september .", "lucette aldous , prima ballerina , 79 ; james blake , musician and producer , overgrown ( 2013 ) , 29 ; joe brown , rock climber and mountaineer , 87 ; rob burrow , rugby league player , england ( 2003 - 13 ) , and great britain ( 2005 - 07 ) , 35 ; james caviezel , actor , the passion of the christ ( 2004 ) , 49 ; ian chappell , cricketer , australia captain ( 1971 - 75 ) , 74 ; mike coupe , chief executive , j sainsbury plc , 57 ; ciaran clark , footballer , newcastle united and republic of ireland , 28 ; scott evans , badminton player , the highest - ranked irish player , eight - time irish national badminton championships winner , 30 ; bryan ferry , singer , let ’ s stick together ( 1976 ) , 72 ; mark haddon , novelist and poet , the curious incident of the dog in the night - time ( 2003 ) , 55 ; linda hamilton , actress , the terminator film series , 61 ; sir james hennessy , hm chief inspector of prisons for england and wales ( 1982 - 87 ) , 94 ; dolores keane , singer , de dannan , the rambling irishman ( 1993 ) , 64 ; julian lewis , conservative mp for new forest east , shadow defence minister ( 2005 - 10 ) , 66 ; sir colin mackay , a high court judge ( 2001 - 13 ) , 74 ; winnie mandela , political activist and former wife of nelson mandela , 81 ; olivia newton - john , singer and actress , grease ( 1978 ) , 69 ; prof sir keith o ’ nions , rector ( 2010 - 14 ) and president ( 2013 - 14 ) , imperial college london , 73 ; oliver peyton , restaurateur , 56 ; talulah riley , actress , westworld , 32 ; anne robinson , journalist and broadcaster , weakest link ( 2000 - 12 ) , 73 ; paul sabapathy , lord - lieutenant of the west midlands ( 2007 - 15 ) , 75 ; will self , writer , shark ( 2014 ) , 56 ; manmohan singh , politician , prime minister of india ( 2004 - 14 ) , 85 ; sir paul stephenson , commissioner , metropolitan police ( 2009 - 11 ) , 64 ; ricky tomlinson , actor , the royle family ( 1998 - 2012 ) , 78 ; minette walters , crime writer , the last hours ( november 2017 ) , 68 ; serena williams , seven - time wimbledon women ’ s singles champion , 36 . president macron laid out an ambitious french plan this afternoon for creating a more protective european union with closer control over trade , the economy and defence and with greater ability to defend itself against global competition .", "speaking in the sorbonne university in paris ’ s latin quarter , mr macron depicted a fragile eu that was prey to populist forces that . . . president macron laid out an ambitious french plan this afternoon for creating a more protective . . . president macron laid out an ambitious french plan this afternoon for creating a more protective . . . at least six of president trump ’ s closest aides have violated the rules of office by using their personal email . . . at least six of president trump ’ s closest aides have violated the rules of office by using their personal email accounts to conduct government business , prompting calls for a full investigation .", "trey gowdy , the top republican congressman who led an inquiry into hillary clinton ’ s use of a private email server when . . . at least six of president trump ’ s closest aides have violated the rules of office by using their personal email accounts to . . . north korea failed to spot us nuclear - capable bombers flying off its coast over the weekend , according to south . . . north korea failed to spot us nuclear - capable bombers flying off its coast over the weekend . . . north korea failed to spot us nuclear - capable bombers flying off its coast over the weekend . . . american football stars at wembley and in stadiums all over the us went down on one knee yesterday as the national . . . american football stars at wembley and in stadiums all over the us went down on one knee . . . american football stars at wembley and in stadiums all over the us went down on one knee . . . a leading rwandan opposition politician who spoke out against president kagame ’ s autocratic regime has been charged . . . a leading rwandan opposition politician who spoke out against president kagame ’ s autocratic . . . a leading rwandan opposition politician who spoke out against president kagame ’ s autocratic . . . india will have to renew its fight against corruption , the prime minister told his party congress yesterday , amid . . . india will have to renew its fight against corruption , the prime minister told his party congress . . . india will have to renew its fight against corruption , the prime minister told his party congress . . . britons took a break from piling up debt on their credit cards and personal loans last month but are dipping into savings amid rising inflation and low wage growth .", "consumer borrowing from high street banks increased at the slowest pace in five months in august , according to uk finance . . . britons took a break from piling up debt on their credit cards and personal loans last month but are dipping into savings amid rising inflation and low wage growth .", "consumer borrowing from high street banks increased at the slowest pace in five months in august , according to uk finance . . . britons took a break from piling up debt on their credit cards and personal loans last month but are dipping into savings amid . . . unilever has agreed its biggest acquisition in six years , months after fending off a £ 115 billion takeover attempt by kraft heinz .", "the anglo - dutch group will pay € 2 .", "27 billion for carver korea to bain capital , the private equity firm , goldman sachs and other investors as it beefs up its personal care business .", "the purchase is unilever ’ s . . . unilever has agreed its biggest acquisition in six years , months after fending off a £ 115 billion takeover attempt by kraft heinz .", "the anglo - dutch group will pay € 2 .", "27 billion for carver korea to bain capital , the private equity firm , goldman sachs and other investors as it beefs up its personal care business .", "the purchase is unilever ’ s . . . unilever has agreed its biggest acquisition in six years , months after fending off a £ 115 billion takeover attempt by kraft heinz .", "the government is to examine the £ 550 million bid by a chinese - backed private equity firm for imagination technologies , the chip designer once considered one of the most promising prospects in britain ’ s technology industry .", "shares in imagination rose by 28 per cent to 165p yesterday as markets reacted to the offer . . . the government is to examine the £ 550 million bid by a chinese - backed private equity firm for . . . the government is to examine the £ 550 million bid by a chinese - backed private equity firm for . . . the former burberry executive who took over the running of harvey nichols nearly four years ago is stepping aside to take a new role at the company .", "stacey cartwright will become deputy chairwoman of harvey nichols alongside . . . the former burberry executive who took over the running of harvey nichols nearly four years ago is stepping aside to take a new role at the company .", "stacey cartwright will become deputy chairwoman of harvey nichols alongside . . . the former burberry executive who took over the running of harvey nichols nearly four years ago is stepping aside to . . . a hacker infiltrated deloitte ’ s email system and accessed confidential information associated with several of its clients , it has emerged .", "the professional services firm admitted to the cyberattack yesterday as it sought to . . . a hacker infiltrated deloitte ’ s email system and accessed confidential information associated with several of its clients , it has emerged .", "the professional services firm admitted to the cyberattack yesterday as it sought to . . . a hacker infiltrated deloitte ’ s email system and accessed confidential information associated with several of its . . . the euro and european government bond yields slipped yesterday after a weakened angela merkel won a fourth term as german chancellor with a reduced majority .", "the election result leaves her facing a resurgent far right and . . . the euro and european government bond yields slipped yesterday after a weakened angela merkel won a fourth term as german chancellor with a reduced majority .", "the election result leaves her facing a resurgent far right and . . . the euro and european government bond yields slipped yesterday after a weakened angela merkel won a fourth term as . . . aldi has achieved another record sales performance , but its profits have fallen for a third year in a row as even the discounters are forced to dig deeper to keep their prices competitive .", "the german - owned grocer said that its . . . aldi has achieved another record sales performance , but its profits have fallen for a third year in a row as even the discounters are forced to dig deeper to keep their prices competitive .", "the german - owned grocer said that its . . . aldi has achieved another record sales performance , but its profits have fallen for a third year in a row as even the . . . for football fans , a trip to wembley is generally the final stage of a journey .", "roger wade hopes that the stadium will be the starting point for a nationwide adventure .", "boxpark , the “ pop - up ” retail centre company that he founded in 2011 , is . . . for football fans , a trip to wembley is generally the final stage of a journey .", "roger wade hopes . . . for football fans , a trip to wembley is generally the final stage of a journey .", "roger wade hopes . . . one of the biggest owners of property in the west end of london has warned that uncertainty in nearby westminster and the city was taking a toll on its business .", "shaftesbury , which owns about 14 and a half acres of the west end , including most of . . . one of the biggest owners of property in the west end of london has warned that uncertainty in . . . one of the biggest owners of property in the west end of london has warned that uncertainty in . . . ben stokes was yesterday arrested on suspicion of actual bodily harm after an incident in bristol that resulted in a man being admitted to hospital with facial injuries .", "the england all - rounder was released under investigation yesterday although he has not been charged .", "he has been left out of tomorrow ’ s fourth one - day international , against west indies at the oval . . . ben stokes was yesterday arrested on suspicion of actual bodily harm after an incident in bristol . . . ben stokes was yesterday arrested on suspicion of actual bodily harm after an incident in bristol . . . amid all the passion , entertainment , scampering comedy and missed chances there was one player who stayed calm , a . . . amid all the passion , entertainment , scampering comedy and missed chances there was one player who stayed calm , a striker who , since his infamously barren august , has now scored 11 times in september and notched 34 goals in his past 30 competitive appearances .", "harry kane guided spurs to victory in a group h fixture . . . amid all the passion , entertainment , scampering comedy and missed chances there was one player who stayed calm , a striker who . . . jason kenny will attempt to win a seventh gold medal at the tokyo olympics in 2020 , a feat that would put him on his . . . jason kenny will attempt to win a seventh gold medal at the tokyo olympics in 2020 , a feat that . . . jason kenny will attempt to win a seventh gold medal at the tokyo olympics in 2020 , a feat that . . . sport has always been political .", "you ’ ve probably heard this over and over again on the back of the kneel - down . . . sport has always been political .", "you ’ ve probably heard this over and over again on the back of . . . sport has always been political .", "you ’ ve probably heard this over and over again on the back of . . . just when he should have been peaking as an international , it looked all over .", "over two seasons , 2010 - 11 and 2011 - 12 , he made five premiership starts .", "his groin condition was so poor in 2012 that he considered retirement .", "now in his thirties , he is finally able to string a whole season together .", "no one can know whether the injury years . . . 15 mathew tait , leicester just when he should have been peaking as an international , it looked . . . 15 mathew tait , leicester just when he should have been peaking as an international , it looked . . . will fraser , the former saracens flanker , says he does not want rugby to turn “ soft ” amid calls for tackling and . . . will fraser , the former saracens flanker , says he does not want rugby to turn “ soft ” amid calls for tackling and scrums to be banned from school playing fields .", "an article in the british medical journal said that tackling and scrums should be banned in school sport , claiming most injuries in youth rugby occur due to . . . will fraser , the former saracens flanker , says he does not want rugby to turn “ soft ” amid calls for tackling and scrums to be . . . it was when the paramedic applied the defibrillator again and again to his child ’ s chest , shouting “ stand clear ” , that mark cunnington truly despaired for the life of matt , his 13 - year - old son and a promising left back at brighton & hove albion .", "it was when the paramedic applied the defibrillator again and again to his child ’ s chest . . . it was when the paramedic applied the defibrillator again and again to his child ’ s chest . . . if it ’ s goals you like — and let ’ s be honest , who doesn ’ t ?", "— liverpool are the team to watch .", "so far this season , there have been 23 goals in matches involving liverpool ( 12 scored , 11 conceded ) — . . . game of the weekend if it ’ s goals you like — and let ’ s be honest . . . game of the weekend if it ’ s goals you like — and let ’ s be honest . . . peter norman was a white australian who was ostracised in his homeland and barred from the 1972 olympic games in . . . peter norman was a white australian who was ostracised in his homeland and barred from the 1972 . . . peter norman was a white australian who was ostracised in his homeland and barred from the 1972 . . . joseph parker and hughie fury are by no means the first people to have footage of themselves fighting uploaded to . . . joseph parker and hughie fury are by no means the first people to have footage of themselves . . . joseph parker and hughie fury are by no means the first people to have footage of themselves . . . with her portrayal of the factory machinist and shameless gossip vera duckworth in coronation street , a role that she played to perfection for more than 30 years , liz dawn became one of britain ’ s most enduring soap stars .", "dawn was offered the relatively minor role in 1974 and vera , who started as a warehouse packer in mike baldwin ’ s factory , did not become a . . . with her portrayal of the factory machinist and shameless gossip vera duckworth in coronation . . . with her portrayal of the factory machinist and shameless gossip vera duckworth in coronation . . . as recipes for television disaster go , it was straightforward : take a militant feminist and a lecherous actor , add . . . as recipes for television disaster go , it was straightforward : take a militant feminist and a lecherous actor , add copious quantities of alcohol and stir vigorously .", "the result was an overbaked , not to say excruciatingly memorable edition of after dark , the live , late - night channel 4 programme .", "the 1991 clash . . . as recipes for television disaster go , it was straightforward : take a militant feminist and a lecherous actor , add copious . . . court of appeal published : september 26 , 2017 wandsworth london borough council v vining and others before sir . . . court of appeal published : september 26 , 2017 wandsworth london borough council v vining and . . . court of appeal published : september 26 , 2017 wandsworth london borough council v vining and . . . kensington palace 25th september , 2017 prince henry of wales this morning attended the canadian institute for . . . kensington palace 25th september , 2017 prince henry of wales this morning attended the canadian . . . kensington palace 25th september , 2017 prince henry of wales this morning attended the canadian . . . september has been a fairly dismal month so far — unseasonably cool , dull , breezy and wet .", "it was a great relief when last weekend felt like a breath of summer , at least in the eastern half of the country , bathed in pleasant warm sunshine with temperatures climbing to 23c in the southeast .", "that was the result of a southerly airstream riding on a high pressure system . . . september has been a fairly dismal month so far — unseasonably cool , dull , breezy and wet .", "it was . . . september has been a fairly dismal month so far — unseasonably cool , dull , breezy and wet .", "it was . . . although , after recent experiences , precautions at the german officers ’ internment camp at sutton bonnington , near . . . although , after recent experiences , precautions at the german officers ’ internment camp at sutton bonnington , near nottingham , have been redoubled , 22 prisoners eluded suspicion on monday night and got clear away .", "they had excavated an opening into the grounds , and had evidently been making preparations to escape . . . although , after recent experiences , precautions at the german officers ’ internment camp at sutton bonnington , near nottingham . . . ali macgraw was one of the biggest stars of the early 1970s .", "then she married her co - star steve mcqueen .", "now she says she has a few regrets he ’ s the king of horror .", "now , aged 70 , he ’ s written a novel , sleeping beauties , with his son owen if you haven ’ t yet seen the guy in perth clinging on to the back of a train by its windscreen wipers , get on youtube right now .", "along with dopey pandas falling over and saudi rich kids mucking around in mercs , grainy footage of aussie nutters . . . if you haven ’ t yet seen the guy in perth clinging on to the back of a train by its windscreen . . . if you haven ’ t yet seen the guy in perth clinging on to the back of a train by its windscreen . . . the national have been dubbed america ’ s radiohead ; faint praise for anyone who saw radiohead ’ s . . . ★★★★☆ the national have been dubbed america ’ s radiohead ; faint praise for anyone who . . . ★★★★☆ the national have been dubbed america ’ s radiohead ; faint praise for anyone who . . . spangled with the brittle chimes of 30 pieces of silver and scored for the orchestra of the age . . . ★★★★☆ spangled with the brittle chimes of 30 pieces of silver and scored for the orchestra of . . . ★★★★☆ spangled with the brittle chimes of 30 pieces of silver and scored for the orchestra of . . . watch our critics discuss the big new release .", "this week , kevin maher and ed potton give their verdicts on kingsman : the golden circle .", "see the times + website for details of our year - round offer of 2 - for - 1 odeon cinema ticketswatch our critics discuss the big new release .", "this week , kevin maher and ed potton give their . . . watch our critics discuss the big new release .", "this week , kevin maher and ed potton give their . . . a record number of gps have quit their practices and handed control over to the nhs in a move that risks leaving tens of thousands with inferior care , doctors have claimed .", "the royal college of general practitioners ( rcgp ) scotland said that 52 practices across scotland had been transferred over . . . a record number of gps have quit their practices and handed control over to the nhs in a move that risks leaving tens of thousands with inferior care , doctors have claimed .", "the royal college of general practitioners ( rcgp ) scotland said that 52 practices across scotland had been transferred over . . . a record number of gps have quit their practices and handed control over to the nhs in a move that risks leaving tens of . . . philip hammond has warned nicola sturgeon against raising income tax in the scottish government ’ s budget .", "the chancellor said on a visit to dundee that the snp administration was perfectly entitled to increase income tax but he would caution against it .", "mr hammond said he did not believe it was a good time to look at significant tax rises .", "philip hammond has warned nicola sturgeon against raising income tax in the scottish government ’ s budget .", "the chancellor said on a visit to dundee that the snp administration was perfectly entitled to increase income tax but he would caution against it .", "mr hammond said he did not believe it was a good time to look at significant tax rises .", "philip hammond has warned nicola sturgeon against raising income tax in the scottish government ’ s budget .", "the chancellor said . . . scotland ’ s new property tax has raised almost £ 55 million less in the past year than ministers hoped , a new report has disclosed .", "revenue scotland collected almost £ 483 .", "6 million from the land and buildings transaction tax ( lbtt ) in 2016 - 17 — but in the budget for that year the scottish government had forecast an . . . scotland ’ s new property tax has raised almost £ 55 million less in the past year than ministers . . . scotland ’ s new property tax has raised almost £ 55 million less in the past year than ministers . . . a man is believed to have been shot and killed by an arrow after a late - night party descended into violence .", "a man is believed to have been shot and killed by an arrow after a late - night party descended . . . a man is believed to have been shot and killed by an arrow after a late - night party descended . . . scottish researchers have been asked to help stave off a potential global farming crisis amid warnings that supplies . . . scottish researchers have been asked to help stave off a potential global farming crisis amid . . . scottish researchers have been asked to help stave off a potential global farming crisis amid . . . this is not the first time this year that a performer has taken on the role of man ’ s best friend on the stage at the citizens .", "in may , the actor ewan somers gave a memorable turn as an amorous irish wolfhound in a . . . ★★★☆☆ this is not the first time this year that a performer has taken on the role of man ’ s best friend on the stage at the citizens .", "in may , the actor ewan somers gave a memorable turn as an amorous irish wolfhound in a . . . ★★★☆☆ this is not the first time this year that a performer has taken on the role of man ’ s best friend on the stage . . . to madrid for a few days , and when i checked into my hotel i found on the pillow not the usual sweets but a booklet containing the un universal declaration of human rights .", "well , i thought , as an atheist this makes a pleasant . . . to madrid for a few days , and when i checked into my hotel i found on the pillow not the usual sweets but a booklet containing the un universal declaration of human rights .", "well , i thought , as an atheist this makes a pleasant . . . to madrid for a few days , and when i checked into my hotel i found on the pillow not the usual sweets but a booklet . . . gordon strachan , the scotland manager , has suggested that pedro caixinha ’ s attempt to intimidate scott brown in the latest old firm match served only to bring out the best in celtic ’ s captain .", "there had been no goals in the ladbrokes premiership match at ibrox on saturday when the rangers manager , who later claimed brown had elbowed alfredo morelos , squared up to him as . . . gordon strachan , the scotland manager , has suggested that pedro caixinha ’ s attempt to intimidate . . . gordon strachan , the scotland manager , has suggested that pedro caixinha ’ s attempt to intimidate . . . if there is one department of the scotland side , more than any other , that requires reinforcements , it is central . . . if there is one department of the scotland side , more than any other , that requires reinforcements , it is central defence , which is why the emergence of liam cooper should be welcomed by the tartan army .", "the left - sided centre back , captain of a leeds united team which tops the sky bet championship , seems such an . . . if there is one department of the scotland side , more than any other , that requires reinforcements , it is central defence . . . property tax will not be subject to sudden dramatic hikes despite the recent rise in house prices , leo varadkar has said .", "the taoiseach committed to working “ might and main ” to avoid big increases in the charge .", "local property tax ( lpt ) was frozen by the previous government until 2019 but . . . property tax will not be subject to sudden dramatic hikes despite the recent rise in house prices , leo varadkar has said .", "the taoiseach committed to working “ might and main ” to avoid big increases in the charge .", "local property tax ( lpt ) was frozen by the previous government until 2019 but . . . property tax will not be subject to sudden dramatic hikes despite the recent rise in house prices , leo varadkar has said .", "the . . . four out of five trainee doctors are considering leaving ireland when they qualify because of poor working conditions and a lack of training opportunities , according to a survey by the royal college of surgeons in ireland .", "the results of the survey also suggested that many young doctors felt stressed when they made decisions about patients . . . four out of five trainee doctors are considering leaving ireland when they qualify because of poor working conditions and a lack of training opportunities , according to a survey by the royal college of surgeons in ireland .", "the results of the survey also suggested that many young doctors felt stressed when they made decisions about patients . . . four out of five trainee doctors are considering leaving ireland when they qualify because of poor working conditions and a . . . ibrahim halawa ’ s father should preach that irish muslims do not have a religious duty to get involved in political conflicts abroad , a senior islamic cleric has said .", "sheikh umar al - qadri , an imam from dublin who chairs the irish muslim peace & integration council ( impic ) , was speaking after simon coveney said . . . ibrahim halawa ’ s father should preach that irish muslims do not have a religious duty to get . . . ibrahim halawa ’ s father should preach that irish muslims do not have a religious duty to get . . . the chief executive of a charity for people with a serious brain condition is seeking to quash a highly critical report by the charities watchdog .", "barbara flynn , of ataxia ireland , said yesterday that the report ’ s criticisms . . . the chief executive of a charity for people with a serious brain condition is seeking to quash a highly critical report by the charities watchdog .", "barbara flynn , of ataxia ireland , said yesterday that the report ’ s criticisms . . . the chief executive of a charity for people with a serious brain condition is seeking to quash a highly critical . . . gyms should make men more aware of the danger of taking steroids , according to the health minister .", "simon harris also said that fitness clubs must work with the authorities to tackle illegal distribution of the drugs .", "mr harris . . . gyms should make men more aware of the danger of taking steroids , according to the health minister .", "simon harris also said that fitness clubs must work with the authorities to tackle illegal distribution of the drugs .", "mr harris . . . gyms should make men more aware of the danger of taking steroids , according to the health minister .", "simon harris also . . . michael flatley has re - jigged his approach to selling castlehyde after two years of advertising the € 20 million mansion on the market without finding a buyer .", "the estate has now been taken off the online listings by knight frank and joint agents . . . michael flatley has re - jigged his approach to selling castlehyde after two years of advertising . . . michael flatley has re - jigged his approach to selling castlehyde after two years of advertising . . . leo varadkar has urged the british government to be more specific about irish issues as he stressed that sufficient progress had not yet been made to move past the first phase of brexit talks .", "over a working lunch with theresa . . . leo varadkar has urged the british government to be more specific about irish issues as he stressed that sufficient progress had not yet been made to move past the first phase of brexit talks .", "over a working lunch with theresa . . . leo varadkar has urged the british government to be more specific about irish issues as he stressed that sufficient . . . the british labour party would explore ways of keeping northern ireland effectively inside the eu after brexit , its spokesman has said .", "owen smith , the shadow northern ireland secretary , told a sinn féin fringe event at . . . the british labour party would explore ways of keeping northern ireland effectively inside the eu after brexit , its spokesman has said .", "owen smith , the shadow northern ireland secretary , told a sinn féin fringe event at . . . the british labour party would explore ways of keeping northern ireland effectively inside the eu after brexit , its . . . jfk ’ s visit in the summer of 1963 will be remembered as part of the dublin festival of history which kicks off this weekend .", "now in its fifth year , the festival will be held at the printworks in dublin castle and libraries across the city until . . . jfk ’ s visit in the summer of 1963 will be remembered as part of the dublin festival of history . . . jfk ’ s visit in the summer of 1963 will be remembered as part of the dublin festival of history . . . more than 2 , 000 jobs could be created if the vat rate on hotels and tourist attractions in northern ireland was cut to 5 per cent , a report has shown .", "hospitality businesses pay vat at 20 per cent , more than twice that paid by . . . more than 2 , 000 jobs could be created if the vat rate on hotels and tourist attractions in northern ireland was cut to 5 per cent , a report has shown .", "hospitality businesses pay vat at 20 per cent , more than twice that paid by . . . more than 2 , 000 jobs could be created if the vat rate on hotels and tourist attractions in northern ireland was cut . . . even a few days before germans went to the polls the election was being described as reassuringly boring .", "the prevailing view was that angela merkel was sailing towards a fourth term as chancellor .", "that is still the case but . . . even a few days before germans went to the polls the election was being described as reassuringly boring .", "the prevailing view was that angela merkel was sailing towards a fourth term as chancellor .", "that is still the case but . . . even a few days before germans went to the polls the election was being described as reassuringly boring .", "the . . . when you have spent 12 years waiting for a league title , the pain of being told you have to hang around for another 12 days should be bearable .", "and yet that wasn ’ t how the cork city players or supporters were feeling last night , given the context of how this game ended .", "with three minutes left on the clock , those same players were asking where the champagne was stored . . . when you have spent 12 years waiting for a league title , the pain of being told you have to hang . . . when you have spent 12 years waiting for a league title , the pain of being told you have to hang . . . john caulfield , the cork city manager , reflected ruefully on a lost opportunity last night as his team ’ s hopes of . . . john caulfield , the cork city manager , reflected ruefully on a lost opportunity last night as his team ’ s hopes of landing their first league title in 12 years were ruined by robbie benson ’ s 87th - minute equaliser .", "accordingly , this sse airtricity title race will limp forwards for another 12 days at least and possibly . . . john caulfield , the cork city manager , reflected ruefully on a lost opportunity last night as his team ’ s hopes of landing their . . . it can only be a matter of time before the comedians and mimics start doing parodies of jim gavin on an industrial scale .", "or at least we hope it is , because parody , historically , has served society well as the irrepressible antidote to . . . it can only be a matter of time before the comedians and mimics start doing parodies of jim gavin . . . it can only be a matter of time before the comedians and mimics start doing parodies of jim gavin . . . © times newspapers limited 2017 . registered in england no .", "894646 . registered office : 1 london bridge street , se1 9gf .", "thursday 14 february 2008 19 .", "18 est first published on thursday 14 february 2008 19 .", "18 est © 2017 guardian news and media limited or its affiliated companies .", "all rights reserved .", "© copyright time inc . ( uk ) ltd . nme is part of time inc . ( uk ) ltd fashion & beauty network .", "all rights reserved .", "pitchfork is the most trusted voice in music .", "reading band ' s name is reminiscent of the british invasion , but its music recalls the clean and other flying nun stalwarts funneled through 1990s u . s . indie rock .", "the go !", "team ' s gareth parton produces .", "even if you ' d be loathe to admit it to your friends , \" dry wings \" , with lines like , \" time for bed / find a girl and go to bed / close your eyes / stars are falling from the sky , \" is mighty affecting - - a winking galaxy of jangled wist , sweet , staggered harmonies and a gawky , yearning sense of wonder .", "and beneath the crusty shell of apathy and cynicism and the buzz and fuzz and hiss isn ' t that , fundamentally , what the best indie rock is always trying to communicate ?", "includes unlimited streaming via the free bandcamp app , plus high - quality download in mp3 , flac and more . \"", "finally , music with a backbone .", "songs with guts .", "a singer with a clear , confident voice .", "that ' s what ruth ruth has going for them , and it ' s not the only thing .", "their new ep packs a major punch into a mere 18 minutes and one second . \"", "- etch \" ruth ruth follow up their 1995 debut with an urgent six song effort bursting with joyously buzzing two and three - minute pop ditties that pay well - deserved attention to vocalist / bassist chris kennedy ' s effortless way with semi - classic bubble - gum hooks and sweeping , anthemic , angst - ridden am - radio blaster choruses .", "this hyperkenetic ep is essential listening thanks to kennedy ' s curiously neurotic world view . \"", "- music paper \" this gives me the full dose i ' d been waiting for yielding a super crisp post pop punk sound akin to the poppier songs of mr t experience and maybe samiam .", "the songs are very energetic , passionate , and urgent .", "the singer almost cries .", "production is ballsy and will fill the room .", "these songs are great and radio friendly .", "that ' s no easy task . \"", "- zeen now with over 225 releases in its catalog , fiercely independent deep elm records continues to build a better label - one that operates for glory , not gold .", "deep elm is about bands and fans coming together as one and experiencing music ' s awesome ability to inspire , comfort and console .", "we ' re not just making music together , we ' re making history .", "we are proud to be 100 % independent for 20 + years . . . . more i remember how angry she ' d get at me .", "foolish young temper , now beautiful to me .", "turning on the shower , the water hit my body .", "it made me think of julia . . . no , no .", "read up on a hobby , the third time down at the pet shop .", "it made me think of julia . . . no , no .", "foolish young temper now beautiful to me .", "cold like her neck , cuddle up boy , cuddle up .", "turning on the shower , the water hit my body .", "it made me think of julia . . . no , no .", "i want to buy a flashlight , or maybe clean out my pocket , but i broke down and thought of julia . . . no , no .", "cold like her neck , cuddle up boy , cuddle up how can you think i ' d believe that you fell down again ?", "i know that he hit you , and you ' re crying .", "i don ' t think i ' m here for you .", "i don ' t want to deal with it .", "i ' m the one you run to , i don ' t buy it .", "brave girl falling , fall away .", "brave girl falling , fall today .", "not even a week ago , locked out in your underwear , with a bloody lip and the baby .", "you dirtied - up my telephone .", "your mother came to talk to you .", "i gave away my shirt and you thanked me .", "brave girl falling , fall away .", "brave girl falling , fall today .", "and why even deny what the make - up cannot hide .", "the only thing real , the anger you feel .", "where will you be in one month ?", "maybe at your funeral .", "it wouldn ' t be that hard to imagine .", "i know you ' re up late at night thinking about killing him , but where will your kid wind up if you try it ?", "brave girl falling , fall away .", "brave girl falling , fall today .", "and why even pretend you control the game when the only thing real , the anger you feel .", "the only thing real , the anger you feel i want to take you home and prick you with a pin like jerome .", "he don ' t like day .", "i want to get you alone and mend your broken wing , like jerome .", "he don ' t like day , only night .", "i watch him flicker ' round the light .", "a moth can cry i ' ve heard it weeping , jerome you ' re the only thing keeping me alive .", "keeping me alive .", "keeping me alive .", "i love you , and i let it show with a brand new pig - feet jar to call home .", "you don ' t like day .", "i love you when you fly , but i ' ll keep you on page three , petrified .", "you don ' t like day , only night .", "i watch you flicker ' round the light .", "a girl can cry i ' ve heard you weeping , i think you ' re the only thing keeping me alive .", "keeping me alive .", "keeping me .", "all the aggravation , when you ' re under magnification .", "i want to take you home , and rip out your ugly heart like jerome .", "you don ' t like day , only night .", "i watch you flicker ' round the light .", "a moth can cry i ' ve heard it weeping , jerome you ' re the only thing keeping me alive .", "i ' ve heard you weeping , i think you ' re the only thing keeping me alive .", "keeping me alive .", "keeping me alive .", "keeping me alive .", "keeping me she played a black guitar , hung around her neck in an empty new york bar .", "with my mind full of make believe , i dreamed i took her home and held her hand and watched tv .", "then she knew she needed me , then i laughed and went \" don ' t cry . \"", "she played what garfunkel wrote , navigating troubled water , hitting every note .", "with her mind burnt and far away , she dreamed the world invited her to come on out and play , but fate cheated her that day .", "now we ' re left to wonder why .", "she breathed hard in the microphone , then a truck horn drowned her out .", "a teardrop fell through eternity , then like a tidal wave it found . . . tenderlung .", "she pulled my ear to her fevered lips , then i heard a floorboard creak .", "the doctor told me not to drain her , god help her find relief .", "she played a black guitar , hung around her neck in an empty new york bar .", "with my mind full of make believe , i don ' t know if i ' m capable of love but what i feel for her might be real , i ' m too delicate to try .", "she breathed hard in the microphone , then a truck horn drowned her out .", "a teardrop fell through eternity , then like a tidal wave it found . . . a teardrop fell through eternity . . . then like a tidal wave it found . . . tenderlung i heard you fucking that guy all night , up there in my old bedroom , with all my toys and good old dapper dan .", "where ' d you get all that energy ?", "i haven ' t had that much in my whole life , and now i ' ve grown to be a man .", "but i liked you from the moment that we met .", "junior year you taught me how to french , oh god , did i feel proud .", "great idea , i ' ll throw a party , get real drunk , then everyone can talk about me when i leave the room .", "bad idea , you totally ignored me , then you went off with that guido rat .", "i ' ll make you pay for hurting me and you do .", "but i liked you from the moment that we met .", "remember what you let me touch , how could i know it hurt that much ?", "i want you , and i ' ll have you in the end .", "your ugly talents should be locked away , and never heard from again .", "i played piano real loud while he came in your mouth .", "i felt betrayed and angry , but why re - live that now ?", "you were quite a wreck the morning after .", "i made you coffee , then i tried to give you a back rub you told me \" don ' t ! \"", "i went ok , then lit a joint up , and tried to act real cool but then it made me cough and phlegm caught in my throat .", "but i liked you from the moment that we met .", "you took my poor virginity , it meant the goddamn world to me .", "i want you and i ' ll have you in the end .", "your ugly talents should be locked away .", "your ugly talents should be locked away , and never heard from again .", "your ugly talents should be locked away , locked away , locked away train , train bleeding the dirt .", "comb my hair with a mouth full of cola , drop downtown to pick a girlfriend there , from all the cold - cut pretty and the kool - aid hair .", "i want to measure to the pleasure , i ' ve got a sure - fire come - on and a two ton feather in a velvet cathedral , fresh like a needle .", "puncture my feet like a walk on the shag .", "i ' ve got a thumb like a crocodile , breath like a fish .", "hey , pinball gigolo , weren ' t you an indian ?", "people like me and channel thirteen , we ' re different . . . different like rain .", "daddy can ' t shoot , tell me where ' d i come from ?", "i want the truth .", "daddy can ' t shoot , tell me where ' d i come from ?", "i want the truth .", "my mother picked me out of a mail - order catalog .", "a jujifruit jim , a buy one get one , female to female , angie to angie .", "i found out later that a dyke ain ' t daddy , but a big hunk o ' love with a waterproof memory .", "the devil rode in on a fifth grade pony , and he called me a faggot then laughed like a showgirl .", "i ran home and turned on the radio .", "captain and tenille were fucking in the living room , a thing like that can change a boy .", "a thing like that , a thing like that can change a boy .", "daddy can ' t shoot , tell me where ' d i come from ?", "i want the truth .", "daddy can ' t shoot , tell me where ' d i come from ?", "i want the truth .", "new york medical called me pathetical , then blamed it all on peanut - butter lockjaw .", "returned me home with a medal for a hero .", "mtv , generation blowjob .", "i ' m alright with mom and mom .", "i ' m alright , according to madonna .", "i ' ve got a record deal , i ' ve got a video .", "women writing me without wearing underwear .", "measure to the plea sure , i ' ve got a surefire come on and a two ton feather , and a blackhead , flattop licking at my gumdrop , bring me my money , clap on clap off .", "people like me and channel thirteen , we ' re different . . . different like rain .", "daddy can ' t shoot .", "tell me where ' d i come from ?", "i want the truth .", "daddy can ' t shoot .", "tell me where ' d i come from ?", "tell me where ' d i come from ?", "my jerusalem will be on tour during april as part of the communion music series and throughout may supporting against me !", "on select dates .", "dates below with more to follow .", "© 2017 washington square music .", "all rights reserved .", "the london based trio whose blend of hard rock , blues , soul and funk evoking classic 60 ’ s bands has won them a reputation over the past 10 years as one of the best uk live acts .", "guitarist / vocalist barrie cadogan has become the go to guitarist for numerous acts including morrissey , paul weller and primal scream .", "the other 2 members of the band are drummer virgil howe , the acclaimed drumming son of rock figurehead steve howe , who produces and djs in the uk and abroad and bassist lewis wharton a member since the bands inception who is also a motorcycle enthusiast and illustrator .", "2014 saw the band invited to provide the theme tune to the breaking bad spin off tv series better caul saul which is included here .", "“‘ love or love ’ is about the constant push and pull of life between day to day survival , mentally and financially , achieving personal goals and being there for the ones you love .", "that need to go with your gut but the guilt that comes with it , ” explains front man barrie cadogan .", "the band , whose music has been synced across adverts , films and tv shows in both the uk and us , recently penned the theme tune to ‘ better call saul ’ .", "the london based trio whose blend of hard rock , blues , soul and funk evoking classic 60 ’ s bands has won them a reputation over the past 10 years as one of the best uk live acts .", "guitarist / vocalist barrie cadogan has become the go to guitarist for numerous acts including morrissey , paul weller and primal scream .", "the other 2 members of the band are drummer virgil howe , the acclaimed drumming son of rock figurehead steve howe , who produces and djs in the uk and abroad and bassist lewis wharton a member since the bands inception who is also a motorcycle enthusiast and illustrator .", "2014 saw the band invited to provide the theme tune to the breaking bad spin off tv series better caul saul which is included here .", "2 . shoulders up , eyes down .", "atlantic theme by pixel union .", "website template by shopify .", "bono on how u2 ' s ' songs of experience ' evolved , taking . . . adam sandler , ben stiller spar in ' meyerowitz stories ' . . . linkin park ' s mike shinoda talks chester bennington . . . jay - z ' s ' 4 : 44 ' takes a pro - black stance and addresses intergenerational conflicts in hip - hop .", "credit : theo wargo / getty \" kill jay z \" samples the alan parson project & apos ; s 1977 soft - rock hit \" don & apos ; t let it show , \" with dave townsend & apos ; s skipping , stuttering voice repeating the words \" they say i & apos ; m to blame \" throughout the track .", "in one long , uninterrupted verse , jay - z zeroes in on several of the most significant conflicts in his life .", "he mentions the childhood incident in which he shot his own brother , memorialized in the 1997 track \" you must love me \" and the 1999 stabbing of producer lance \" un \" rivera that became his biggest scrape with the law as a celebrity .", "but there are two particular headline - grabbing incidents that get the most intriguing references on \" kill jay z . \"", "\" you dropped outta school , you lost your principles , \" he says as he begins subliminally , but sharply , addressing kanye \" the college dropout \" west , who called out jay during a concert last november . \"", "you gave him 20 million without thinkin & apos ; , \" jay says , supposedly confirming a rumor that he lent west a large sum of money a few years ago . \"", "he gave you 20 minutes on stage , fuck was he thinkin & apos ; ? \"", "later , jay brings up the 2014 met gala incident , when beyoncé & apos ; s sister solange got physical with him in an elevator , an altercation that was caught on security camera .", "it was the first signal to the world that not all was well in the carter family . \"", "you egged solange on , knowing all along , all you had to say was you was wrong , \" he castigates himself .", "thinking back to the time he almost lost beyoncé , jay makes allusions to the men that famously fumbled relationships with halle berry ( \" you almost went eric benet \" ) and ciara ( \" in the future , other niggas playin & apos ; football with your son \" ) .", "2 . \"", "the story of o . j . \"", "jay - z and executive producer no .", "i . d . establish 4 : 44 & apos ; s sonic foundations on its second track .", "this is the first of many beats that build around a straightforward , unfussy loop , nodding to the early part of jay - z & apos ; s career when his work was a bastion of boom - bap .", "on \" the story of o . j . , \" a bass thunks out a few ripe notes , and a flighty piano tumbles after .", "snippets of nina simone & apos ; s voice from \" four women \" rub against jay - z & apos ; s conversational raps .", "in that song , from 1966 , simone famously narrates the tales of four different black women , all of whom are battling the effects of entrenched racism in american society .", "jay - z uses a similar conceit for his jumping - off point : \" light nigga , dark nigga , faux nigga , real nigga , \" he raps .", "jay - z adds an assertion of unity across these factions – \" still nigga . \"", "he also appears to dispute o . j . simpson & apos ; s famous statement about being able to escape the color of his skin . \"", "o . j . like , & apos ; i & apos ; m not black , i & apos ; m o . j . , & apos ; \" jay - z notes .", "he responds with a noncommittal verbal shrug : \" ok . \" in the second half of the song , jay - z focuses on amassing resources as a potential way out of a deeply rooted cycle of violent marginalization . \"", "financial freedom our only hope , \" he raps , \" fuck living rich and dying broke . \"", "in the iheartradio interview , jay - z described \" the story of o . j . \"", "as \" a song about we as a culture having a plan [ for ] how we & apos ; re gonna push this forward . \"", "this is not the first time jay - z has rapped over a simone sample : vocals from the iconic singer formed the basis for the watch the throne track \" new day . \"", "and jay - z uses simone as a muse once more on 4 : 44 & apos ; s fourth track , \" caught their eyes . \"", "just to drive home her importance , he also includes simone & apos ; s 1964 live recording of \" wild is the wind \" in a new tidal playlist titled \" 4 : 44 inspired by . \"", "the opening notes of stevie wonder & apos ; s \" love & apos ; s in need of love today , \" which no i . d . subsequently chops , loops and lays over a digital rhythm , set a tone of familial warmth as jay - z reminisces about his mother . \"", "mama had four kids , she & apos ; s a lesbian / had to pretend so long she & apos ; s a thespian , \" he reveals . \"", "cried tears of joy when she fell in love / doesn & apos ; t matter to me if it & apos ; s a him or her . \"", "finally , jay - z & apos ; s raps give way to a poem recited by his mother .", "she says , \" living in the shadow / can you imagine what kind of life it is to live ? \"", "during the iheart radio interview , jay - z discussed \" smile . \"", "\" there are gonna be bad times , and those bad times can do two things : they can get you in a place where you & apos ; re stuck in a rut , or it can make your future that much better because you & apos ; ve experienced these things , \" he said .", "4 . \"", "caught their eyes \" feat .", "frank ocean the title track to jay - z & apos ; s new lp is a remarkable outburst of apology and self - abasement .", "after beyoncé appeared to discuss the rapper & apos ; s infidelity on lemonade last year , there was curiosity over whether he would eventually air his side of the story .", "sure enough , some of his most explicit references to marital trouble come on \" 4 : 44 . \"", "jay - z is startlingly contrite from his very first line here , where he seems to admit his disloyalty : \" i apologize / often womanized / took for my child to be born to see through a woman & apos ; s eyes . \"", "he continues in this vein for almost the entire song , which plays as a lengthy list of regrets : the phrase \" i apologize \" appears no less than seven times .", "some lines : \" you mature faster than me , i wasn & apos ; t ready \" ; \" like the men before me , i cut off my nose to spite my face \" ; the blunt admission , \" i suck at love \" ; and \" it took too long for this song / i don & apos ; t deserve you . \"", "in the same manner as \" the story of o . j . , \" no i . d . provides jay - z with a basic soul loop on \" 4 : 44 \" and lets it ride .", "in this case , the producer pulls from a new - retro cut , hannah williams and the affirmations & apos ; \" late nights and heartbreak , \" which is itself a tale of romantic conflict and adultery .", "( the track is barely known ; it came out in 2016 and has accumulated just 7 , 500 plays on spotify as of yesterday . )", "additional vocals come courtesy of the gospel singer kim burrell , who adds a textured wail and a jolt of energy to the track .", "jay - z releases animated ' the story of o . j . '", "video from ' 4 : 44 ' when jay - z spoke with iheart radio he gave a relatively pithy explanation for \" family feud . \"", "\" family feud is about separation within the culture .", "like , new rappers fighting with old rappers , saying all these things , \" he said .", "that answer is echoed in first verse lines like , \" all this old talk left me confused / you rather be & apos ; old rich me & apos ; or & apos ; new you & apos ; / and old niggas , y & apos ; all stop acting brand new / like 2pac ain & apos ; t have a nose ring , too . \"", "but the lines that have elicited the most chatter so far seem to confirm beyoncé & apos ; s accusations of cheating with \" becky \" on her 2016 masterwork lemonade .", "he uses michael corleone & apos ; s spiritual decline in the godfather part ii as a metaphor for his own benign neglect , and observes that he didn & apos ; t have the right \" tools \" because he lacked for positive male role models during his childhood .", "then jay takes aim at al sharpton & apos ; s recent selfies – an observation that shows how digital music allows artists to respond to incidents in near - record time . \"", "how is him or bill cosby & apos ; sposed to help me ? \"", "he asks .", "so \" family feud \" is not only about rap & apos ; s ongoing culture and generational wars , but also about tensions in the black community and at home .", "no i . d . flips a vocal sample from \" ha ya \" by gospel legends the clark sisters and then beyoncé interpolates the sample in real time .", "her entrance arrives when jay - z raps , \" what & apos ; s better than one billionaire ?", "two / especially if they from the same hue as you . \"", "\" bam \" samples sister nancy & apos ; s 1982 dancehall classic \" bam bam , \" which kanye west also drew from last year for his single \" famous . \"", "west & apos ; s mentor no i . d . takes a much different approach to the sample , however , fleshing it out with four - piece horn section and guitar and keys by his cocaine 80s collaborator steve wyreman .", "jay - z has quoted his late friend the notorious b . i . g . in so many songs that he even has lyrics defending his practice of quoting biggie lyrics .", "but when he says \" y & apos ; all be talkin & apos ; crazy under them ig pictures , so when you get to hell tell & apos ; em blanco sent you , \" he & apos ; s not just referencing a big & apos ; s line from \" niggas bleed . \"", "he may also be referencing instagram user tellemblancosentya , who posts vintage photos of a young jay - z and other nineties rappers .", "jay - z takes aim at unnamed competitors in \" moonlight , \" a track filled with low - key boasts and taunts .", "jay - z skewers the fake tough guys over and over : \" look , i know killers – you no killer \" ; \" i don & apos ; t post no threats on the internet / i just pose a threat \" ; \" please don & apos ; t talk about guns that you ain & apos ; t never gon & apos ; use . \"", "the quality of jay - z & apos ; s rivals & apos ; music is less of a concern to him , but he does get in one good dig : \" stop walkin & apos ; & apos ; round like y & apos ; all made thriller . \"", "he looses these arrows in a bored tone , as if he can barely maintain an interest in the artists who aggravate him .", "no i . d . & apos ; s \" moonlight \" beat is somewhat of an outlier on 4 : 44 : instead of building an instrumental around classic soul , gospel or reggae ( or a modern approximation of it ) , the producer plays around with the fugees & apos ; 1995 single \" fu - gee - la . \"", "no i . d . infuses the track with viscous sheets of low - end , muddying and thickening the festive melody that added a jaunty flair to the original track .", "fusing medium and message , jay - z also alludes to former fugees & apos ; member lauryn hill in his lyrics : \" y & apos ; all niggas still signin & apos ; deals ?", "/ after all they done stole , for real ?", "/ after what they done to our lauryn hill ? \"", "the song & apos ; s title and chorus refers to the oscars & apos ; best picture mix - up last year : \" we stuck in la la land / even if we win , we gonna lose . \"", "\" it & apos ; s really a commentary on the culture and where we & apos ; re going , \" jay - z told iheartradio .", "this track features some of no i . d . & apos ; s most complex 4 : 44 production .", "he speeds up , loops and filters a vocal - centered segment from \" todo o mundo e ninguém , \" a hallucinatory 1970 ballad by portugese rock band quarteto 1111 . then no i . d . recruits steve wyreman from his band cocaine 80s and nate mercereau to play alongside the sample .", "the result mixes a hazy , time - weathered nostalgic feel with the propulsive clarity of live instrumentation .", "meanwhile , jay - z recalls his origins in bed - stuy , brooklyn & apos ; s marcy houses .", "there are the requisite \" cooking crack in the kitchen \" lines , yet he also recites a verse from hamlet to illustrate his greater creative ambitions .", "his timeline of his hustler days may be a bit off – \" when pam was on martin \" in the early nineties , jay had already made a splash on mentor the jaz & apos ; s excellent 1990 single \" the originators \" – though that doesn & apos ; t mean he wasn & apos ; t in the streets , too .", "he also gives a shout - out to all the \" murderers turned murals \" who didn & apos ; t make it out of the hood .", "the track closes with a vocal from the - dream , who translates jay - z & apos ; s memories into harmony . \"", "marcy marcy me / just the way i am / always gonna be , \" he sings , alluding to marvin gaye & apos ; s \" mercy mercy me ( the ecology ) . \"", "jay - z has been featuring his daughter blue ivy in his songs since her earliest days : he celebrated her birth with her vocal cameo on the 2012 track \" glory . \"", "blue ivy shows up again at the top of 4 : 44 & apos ; s closing track , asking , \" daddy , what & apos ; s a will ? \"", "over a silky donny hathaway vocal sample , jay speaks directly to blue , laying out his plan for passing wealth on to future generations of carters : \" my stake in rocnation should go to you / leave a piece for your siblings to give to their children , too . \"", "it & apos ; s a prosperity that he hopes impacts not just his family but black america as a whole : he urges blue and the twins to \" fund ideas from people who look like we , \" ending 4 : 44 on a utopian note .", "jay - z apologizes to beyoncé for his past infidelities and fallacies as a husband in the rapper & apos ; s brutally honest new song \" 4 : 44 . \"", "watch here .", "sign up for our newsletter to receive breaking news directly in your inbox .", "please enable javascript to sign up for the newsletter .", "we may use your e - mail address to send you the newsletter and offers that may interest you , on behalf of rolling stone and its partners .", "for more information please read our privacy policy ranked on a scale from 1 to 10 , the trending score reflects the number of users reading a story in real time .", "bono on how u2 ' s ' songs of experience ' . . . adam sandler , ben stiller spar in ' meyerowitz . . . linkin park ' s mike shinoda talks chester . . . hillary clinton recalls encounter with . . . <EOS>" ]

[ [ "critical reception", "little death has an average rating of 74 on metacritic . com . the album was described by nme as \" perfect pop without the pretence \" . pitchfork gave little death an 8 out of 10 saying \" even if you ' d be loathe [ sic ] to admit it to your friends , \" dry wings \" , with lines like , \" time for bed / find a girl and go to bed / close your eyes / stars are falling from the sky , \" is mighty affecting - - a winking galaxy of jangled wist , sweet , staggered harmonies and a gawky , yearning sense of wonder \" . the guardian gave the album 3 out of 5 stars saying , \" this eclecticism does make little death feel like the work of several different bands . no matter . there is imagination to spare here , as well as the occasional winning lyric . \"" ] ]

[ "< EOT > it ’ s impossible for a review to do justice to each of the tracks , so i ’ ll just take one as an entry point : “ utensil strength , ” which leads off the second disc .", "mitchell and speed open the piece at the outset , with mitchell ’ s thorny left hand ostinatos and speed ’ s repressed urgency on tenor creating a slightly unsettling sensation , as weiss provides subtle commentary on the kit .", "then tordini comes into the picture , providing the bass anchor that allows mitchell to widen his focus , with arpeggios and chords coming and going , until the band comes together powerfully about two minutes in , with a rhythmically sophisticated melody revealing mitchell ’ s steve coleman influence , and yes — we hear this band ’ s ability to find the groove when it wants to do so .", "but that ’ s only the mood for a couple minutes , after which the group settles it down , moving into a more reflective section , only to pick up the melody again , to build once more as the band comes at us with even more intensity , weiss ’ s drumwork finding an even more propulsive force .", "at that stage , halfway into the piece , the tempo cools once again , fading into a meditative exchange between mitchell ’ s delicate right - hand fragments and tordini ’ s subtle arco exploration .", "this is a wonderful interlude before the finish , with speed re - entering this time on clarinet , the perfect counterpoint to mitchell ’ s harmonically rich chords , as the two begin a dialogue that is eventually joined once more by weiss and tordini , as the band continues at a low simmer , with a terrifically complex unison section between mitchell and speed that brings the piece to a close .", "the other seven tracks offer the same kinds of tension and release , and plenty of twists and surprises , that are worth savoring through multiple encounters .", "on this captivating , fully - improvised duo recording by alto saxophonist nick mazzarella and cellist tomeka reid , we find a superlative example of two leading - edge musicians who continue to draw vital inspiration from their forbears .", "reid , a contributing member of the hugely influential association for the advancement of creative musicians ( aacm ) , has previously paid tribute to some of the titans of that organization — figures such as muhal richard abrams , leroy jenkins , roscoe mitchell , and fred anderson — with artifacts , her superb 2015 trio release with nicole mitchell and mike reed .", "mazzarella , whose work has included stints with ken vandermark ' s chicago reed quartet and audio one projects , has similarly acknowledged his debt to pivotal altoists such as eric dolphy , ornette coleman , and julius hemphill .", "indeed , from the opening track of signaling , \" blues for julius and abdul , \" their dedicatory homage to hemphill and his long - standing musical partner , cellist abdul wadud , it ' s clear that mazzarella and reid have immersed themselves in the waters of 1970s and 1980s avant - garde jazz .", "the results are invigorating and inspiring .", "on this captivating , fully - improvised duo recording by alto saxophonist nick mazzarella and cellist tomeka reid , we find a superlative example of two leading - edge musicians who continue to draw vital inspiration from their forbears .", "reid , a contributing member of the hugely influential association for the advancement of creative musicians ( aacm ) , has previously paid tribute to some of the titans of that organization — figures such as muhal richard abrams , leroy jenkins , roscoe mitchell , and fred anderson — with artifacts , her superb 2015 trio release with nicole mitchell and mike reed .", "mazzarella , whose work has included stints with ken vandermark ‘ s chicago reed quartet and audio one projects , has similarly acknowledged his debt to pivotal altoists such as eric dolphy , ornette coleman , and julius hemphill .", "indeed , from the opening track of signaling , “ blues for julius and abdul , ” their dedicatory homage to hemphill and his long - standing musical partner , cellist abdul wadud , it ’ s clear that mazzarella and reid have immersed themselves in the waters of 1970s and 1980s avant - garde jazz .", "the results are invigorating and inspiring .", "artifacts was conceived by cellist tomeka reid as a way of rediscovering the vast songbook of the aacm ( which , as this blog has covered extensively , is celebrating its 50th anniversary this year ) , and the trio ’ s debut album brings together a second - generation aacm dream team , with nicole mitchell on flutes and mike reed on drums .", "artifacts was conceived by cellist tomeka reid as a way of rediscovering the vast songbook of the aacm ( which , as this blog has covered extensively , is celebrating its 50th anniversary this year ) , and the trio ’ s debut album brings together a second - generation aacm dream team , with nicole mitchell on flutes and mike reed on drums .", "nicole mitchell , tomeka reid & mike reed - artifacts ( 482 music , 2015 ) * * * * * ~ the free jazz collective summary = summary .", "replace ( \" [ b ] \" , \" \" ) ; summary = summary .", "replace ( \" [ / b ] \" , \" \" ) ; summary = summary .", "replace ( \" \" , \" \" ) ; summary = summary .", "replace ( \" by paul acquaro \" , \" by paul acquaro mitchell has worked extensively with the rhythm section already : bassist chris tordini and drummer dan weiss have played with mitchell at least since 2012 , so they have an established affinity for mitchell ’ s digressive , intricate explorations .", "added to the mix , though , is chris speed on clarinet and tenor sax , and speed ’ s impact on the music is immediate and invaluable : he reinforces the melodic strands that emerge , however elusively , in mitchell ’ s compositions , helping to give the listener a bit more of a foothold in approaching each piece .", "nicole mitchell , tomeka reid & mike reed - artifac . . . nicole mitchell , tomeka reid & mike reed - artifac . . . the album ends with another traditional gambian song arranged by eisenstadt , who spent some time in africa studying ' griot ' music and rhythms , and we can all be the happier for it , because this is again a great piece , and without a doubt the most free track on the album , one where the joy of playing is even stronger than on the previous tracks , very open - textured and often just plain fun to listen to , because of the little jokes , the perfect interaction and imitation between piano and cornet , and all that with some complex polyrhythms by eisenstadt , and slowly , after a very jazzy interlude by hawkins , the free play shifts into the african theme , again a beautiful theme , and the chaos and the freedom are left behind , and what comes up is just harmonic interaction , full of sensitivity and vulnerability and wonder .", "a great closer for a wonderful album .", "with 2013 ’ s attention - getting duo release with ches smith , fiction , pianist matt mitchell gave us a glimpse of a musical sensibility that was remarkable in its ability to weave together adventurous improvisation with rigorous , challenging compositional complexity .", "mitchell ’ s facility on the instrument can ’ t be questioned , as he ’ s one of the most in - demand musicians in contemporary jazz : he ’ s worked with everyone from tim berne to dave douglas , rudresh mahanthappa to darius jones , and a host of others .", "but this new double - cd will go a long way toward helping to cement his reputation as a formidable leader in his own right .", "at eight long , demanding pieces , it ’ s an overwhelming amount of music , really , to take in at once .", "but the rewards to sticking with it are immense , as each listen reveals new dimensions and angles that have to be heard and pondered to be appreciated .", "the record is aptly titled : mitchell is not a composer who announces his objectives too quickly , with readily identifiable themes and melodic structures .", "rather , mitchell ’ s pieces unfold gradually , with the whole only coming into view once the gradual aggregation of ideas has taken place .", "this can be a bit frustrating at times , particularly if one expects instant gratification with one ’ s music ; this is most certainly not listener - friendly , toe - tapping jazz .", "but for those willing to hang in there with it , what you get is ultimately a lot more satisfying .", "the trio ’ s sound is a throwback to the great air , and captures the free improvised spirit of that earlier group .", "the album is packed with classic and little - heard gems from the aacm library , including two steve mccall - penned cuts from air ’ s catalog , “ b . k . ” and “ i ’ ll be right here waiting …” reed had already recorded mccall ’ s “ i ’ ll be right here waiting ” on his 2010 loose assembly recording with roscoe mitchell , on which reid also played .", "here , however , with a lineup closer to the original ’ s , the fragility of mccall ’ s melody really shines .", "the trio ’ s sound is a throwback to the great air , and captures the free improvised spirit of that earlier group .", "the album is packed with classic and little - heard gems from the aacm library , including two steve mccall - penned cuts from air ’ s catalog , “ b . k . ” and “ i ’ ll be right here waiting …” reed had already recorded mccall ’ s “ i ’ ll be right here waiting ” on his 2010 loose assembly recording with roscoe mitchell , on which reid also played .", "here , however , with a lineup closer to the original ’ s , the fragility of mccall ’ s melody really shines .", "in my review of the album intricacies by paul hubweber ’ s quintet i said that it could be called the second part of a mini series about german musicians who deserve more attention and that the third part would follow in autumn .", "now is the time : the band we are talking about is free jazz group wiesbaden ( fjgw ) and the musician who deserves more attention is michael sell .", "but there is a difference to paul hubweber and stefan keune ( whose album fractions was the first part of this mini series ) : keune and hubweber are still active musicians , their albums are new releases , while fjgw ’ s friction / frictions now is a reissue .", "yet , it ’ s a real revelation !", "a short review for a really nice album , nothing too exceptional , and maybe not as good or special as his previous albums with amongst others simon barker ( also trumpet - drums duos ) , marc hannaford or the great album with korean singer bae il dong , yet it is fun .", "it is great fun .", "you get eleven pieces , clocking between three and six minutes , all tunes with distinct approaches , with different moods , fresh and open - ended improvisations , performed by two musicians who enjoy what they are creating .", "the convergence quartet is a kind of transatlantic superband with taylor ho bynum on cornet , harris eisenstadt on drums , alexander hawkins on piano , and dominic lash on double bass , and all four musicians contribute to the compositions .", "their previous album \" slow and steady \" received a raving review , and the expectation of their next album was understandably high .", "overall , the album is good , very good , with four musicians whose skills are not questioned .", "at times , these skills risk to take the forefront , which may lead to a more distant delivery than on their previous album , but it ' s still highly recommendable at all levels .", "like mary halvorson ’ s recently reviewed meltframe or raphael rogiński ’ s african mystic music , the italian quartet roots magic brings us an album dedicated ( mostly ) to interpretations of other people ’ s music .", "the group consists of alberto popolla on clarinets , errico defabritiis on alto sax , gianfranco tedeschi on double bass , fabrizio spera on drums , and as a guest , luca venitucci on organ , melodica , and amplified zither .", "on this fun , approachable album they prove themselves more than up to the task of rendering some well - chosen , time - tested avant - blues with equal parts gusto and precision .", "aiming to breathe life into these dormant compositions , the trio kicks things off with braxton ’ s “ comp .", "23b , ” bringing a thrilling lightness to the proceedings .", "the trio follows braxton with roscoe mitchell ’ s “ jo jar , ” a propulsive 50 - year - old blues tribute to joseph jarman , brought to life here with shuffling drums and a fine solo by reid .", "fred anderson , who passed 5 years ago this summer , is represented by “ bernice , ” which is coupled with jeff parker ’ s “ days fly by with ruby , ” itself an homage to anderson .", "the trio combines both into a lengthy meditation on the aacm ’ s deep history .", "mitchell steps to the fore with a jaw - dropping solo on “ b . k . , ” leaping and fluttering before handing off to reed for a quick drum solo .", "it ’ s easy to forget how rare it is for reed to take the spotlight , and his solo is an apt tribute to mccall .", "i can ’ t say exactly why , maybe it ’ s just hearing these three musicians cut loose in a free trio , but i absolutely loved this record from start to finish .", "mitchell , reid , and reed , all highly democratic and collaborative players , have performed together for well over a decade .", "the three click seamlessly into a telepathic performance that both evokes and expands the aacm spirit .", "matt mitchell – vista accumulation ( pi recordings , . . . aiming to breathe life into these dormant compositions , the trio kicks things off with braxton ’ s “ comp .", "23b , ” bringing a thrilling lightness to the proceedings .", "the trio follows braxton with roscoe mitchell ’ s “ jo jar , ” a propulsive 50 - year - old blues tribute to joseph jarman , brought to life here with shuffling drums and a fine solo by reid .", "fred anderson , who passed 5 years ago this summer , is represented by “ bernice , ” which is coupled with jeff parker ’ s “ days fly by with ruby , ” itself an homage to anderson .", "the trio combines both into a lengthy meditation on the aacm ’ s deep history .", "mitchell steps to the fore with a jaw - dropping solo on “ b . k . , ” leaping and fluttering before handing off to reed for a quick drum solo .", "it ’ s easy to forget how rare it is for reed to take the spotlight , and his solo is an apt tribute to mccall .", "i can ’ t say exactly why , maybe it ’ s just hearing these three musicians cut loose in a free trio , but i absolutely loved this record from start to finish .", "mitchell , reid , and reed , all highly democratic and collaborative players , have performed together for well over a decade .", "the three click seamlessly into a telepathic performance that both evokes and expands the aacm spirit .", "it ’ s a fantastic collection of music , definitely worthy of a two - disc release without a doubt .", "mitchell has a lot to offer , and it ’ s truly time well - spent to give him the opportunity to fully share his distinctive musical vision .", "matt mitchell – vista accumulation ( pi recordings , . . . by stef the advantage of writing fewer reviews is that i can listen a lot more to the same album , and i have listened dozens of times . . . this limited edition album - only 100 copies but with a download option - is the second recorded collaboration between swedish experimental guitarist anders lindsjö and riis , who debuted with warp in 2007 ( lindsjö played also on riis ’ collection of meeting with different improvisers , no denmark , released in 2010 ) .", "both musicians are described as \" most stubborn and unpredictable improvisers , \" but , fortunately , this kind of stubbornness realizes some unique clashes of their highly original languages - lindsjö on electric and acoustic guitars and riis on laptop , cymbals and electronic feedback .", "there ’ s always something that starts the rush .", "that most - hollywood - of - all - things blast .", "the scream before the army rushes down the hill .", "the kiss before the fade and implication , or something more gratuitous .", "the junky shots , the inner - needle shots , that cloud of blood before the hammer drop .", "you know , the rush .", "and maybe most cliché of all : the spotty little wind - ups and grabby little metaphors that start album reviews on every music blog ever .", "you get it : the rush .", "the call from something – short , not always sweet – and the response .", "fred longberg - holm and paal nilssen - love , no secret , make a lot of music .", "some is in support of tighter compositions and stricter interplay ( see vox arcana ’ s caro ’ s song ) .", "some is more exploratory , more isolated , though without all the whispered platitudes of what many associate with introspection ( see nilssen - love ’ s cut and bleed ) .", "almost all of it is quality .", "snippets of sounds made by musical lifers that recognize enough of their prodigious talents to give a shit and cultivate them , grow them .", "you can be mine was put to tape in 2012 , but i don ’ t think it ’ s a stretch to say that this is what nilssen - love left atomic for ( perhaps not specifically , but in the same spirit ) .", "he said he wanted to explore more improvisation .", "this in mind , there are two ways to look at the opening moments of you can be mine .", "the first concerns lonberg - holm .", "he may have talked at length with his counterpart beforehand .", "i ’ d like to think he didn ’ t have to .", "regardless , he gets it .", "the beauty of brevity , that is .", "and whether you hear a scream leading an army to war or a kiss leading a couple to fuck , we can agree that lonberg - holm ’ s initial note is a key turn .", "he unlocks nilssen - love and there ’ s nothing pretty sitting behind the kit .", "the second concerns time .", "like t . s . eliot responding to absurd accusations concerning whether or not he actually understood meter , anthony braxton once answered some equally absurd questions concerning his view of time – specifically as it applied to his playing – by saying ( i paraphrase ) that he approached his pieces within the constructs of all of time .", "not within the minutiae of a measure , or song or album or even period , but of all time .", "i ’ m not sure if he was implying that his music could soundtrack the birth of the earth , the breathing of the universe and any point within its continuous growth , or if it simply ran parallel to all of this , with all the beauty and dissonance to match .", "whatever the truth of his philosophies , in practice they share a form with nilssen - love ’ s playing .", "you can be mine has that single cell quality .", "not concerning complexity of course ; it ’ s astoundingly difficult music .", "rather , it provides a soundbite of time that doesn ’ t summarize so much as it reveals its elasticity and disdain for all things linear .", "fjgw consisted of michael sell ( trumpet ) , dieter scherf ( saxophones , oboe , piano , flutes , shenai , trumpet ) , dieter könig ( guitars , flutes ) and wolfgang schlick ( drums , percussion ) and in the four years of its existence ( 1968 - 1972 ) the quartet recorded two albums .", "frictions was released as an edition of 300 vinyl records on a private label in 1969 ( the same year there was a second edition of 200 ) .", "then there was frictions now , the band ’ s sophomore album , which was recorded in 1971 and released as a limited edition of 500 vinyl records .", "both albums are hard to get and even if you were lucky you would have to pay fantasy prices .", "accordingly , this is music that both demands and repays close listening on the part of the audience , too .", "i admit i had to be patient with this album — it didn ’ t force itself on me or even make itself immediately available .", "it doesn ’ t care for casual attention .", "what we hear when we set aside the distractions are three musicians in a serious , cooperative search .", "their points of reference are internal and constantly evolving ; they resist pulse and pattern , seldom repeating themselves or settling down .", "it takes patience and effort for them to find what they ’ re looking for , but when they do the results feel genuinely earned .", "a place meant for birds , then , gives us both the process and the product ( of course the process is the product , too , as with any improvisation ) , both “ tumble ”— to borrow from the title of the first track — and “ vision .", "” moving forward the trio works between these extremes , keeping the level of invention high .", "on “ not salt ” i love the grainy , warbling tone weaver draws out of the didgeridoo , and the melody , heavy with pathos , vinkeloe lays over smith ’ s rich bowing .", "the longest improvisation , “ silt ” builds gradually in intensity over 15 minutes three sections , with vinkeloe on flute for the first time .", "“ the wind has taken my breath , ” the penultimate piece , features lisa gill reading her desert - themed poem , from which all the track titles have been drawn .", "finally , on “ to spill a few birds , ” vinkeloe takes up the flute again , concentrating on a hauntingly beautiful motif tense with multiphonics .", "the effect , at the close of such a tirelessly exploratory album , is one of relief and great reward .", "each smaller event builds to the three - part conclusion of the story , beginning with “ the battle of brownstone bulge , ” the 6 - minute menacing and lurching climax of the album , featuring a stirring solo from garchik .", "ye olde pauses for “ refuge in the ruins of castle martense , ” a sonically rich breather , with its trombone chorus , fading drums , and syncopated guitar , leading to the final track , “ the throne room of queen anne .", "” filled to the brim with royal brass , marching snare , and crenelated riffs , “ the throne room ” brings grand closure to this fantasy quest .", "fans of the first album will recognise three of the tracks , but the fact that russ johnson joins and that it ' s a live performance gives a different quality to it , and there is a lot to enjoy here , the overall sense of musical abandon , full of relentless energy , of rhythmic joy and coloring outside the lines without alienating listeners .", "in short , it is great fun , with four musicians at their best .", "the album ' s title is a reference to the old saying when offered a second drink , but it is also a response to joe mcphee ' s call of ' a bird can ' t fly on one wing ' , so we learn . \"", "azimuth \" is a powerful debut of a new jazz improv trio .", "hailing from chicago , which is seemingly bottomless in the area ' s ability to produce quality jazz musicians , the album is a live concert from 2014 at the constellation .", "the trio is comprised of : ingebrigt haker - flaten ( bass ) , avreeayl ra ( drums ) , and nick mazzarella ( saxophone ) .", "haker - flaten is certainly the most recognizable name , from working in a myriad of groups like the thing and atomic .", "avreeayl ra , a member of the aacm , is a well known local musician who has worked with the giants of chicago improvised music , from fred anderson to sun ra .", "nick mazzarella , by comparison , is lesser known , but has been steadily working for two decades in the chicago scene , with diverse interests .", "he plays in the alternative rock band the eternals ; is a collaborator in many groups , from rob mazurek to frank rosaly , as well as leader of several different groups , ranging from duos , to quintets ; and is a concert promoter of the local music scene .", "having reviewed many albums , \" azimuth \" is a frustrating listen for me .", "there are so many positives - - the high quality of musicianship , the interaction and expression of the music .", "but there is something lacking .", "is it mazzarella with his limitations ?", "is the creativity as strong as it should be - - there are many moments in the album where explosive creativity is followed by tenuous uncertainty .", "and above all there is a lack of deep down rootsy soul that is necessary in this music . \"", "azimuth \" is a promising debut , and should be heard , but with caveats .", "back in may , eyal hareuveni reviewed the first two releases from newly - formed cipsela records .", "since then , the coimbra - based label continues to build on its strong start with two new duo albums : one with cellist daniel levin and alto saxophonist rob brown , the other , harpist angélica v . salvi and label - founder marcelo dos reis ( whose thoughtful guitar work has been turning heads lately in groups like fail better !", "and on the recent album chamber 4 ) .", "looking for some killer soundscapes ?", "hu vibrational ' s fourth album , \" epic botanical suite , \" puts forth eight tracks of gorgeously rich and densely textured music .", "led by adam rudolph ( leader of the go : organic orchestra ) and with new collaborators bill laswell , eivind aarset , steve gorn , and a battery of percussionists , hu vibrational combines world music with electronica and improvised jazz to create music that is funky , spiritual , hardcore , and soothing .", "beats are the core , given the personnel , and influences range far and wide , like africa ( \" hikuli \" ) , indian ( \" agobi \" ) , and brazilian ( \" ya - jey \" ) .", "yet these influences only provide a foundation .", "israeli , new york - based sax player yoni kretzmer career is characterized in his slow - burning evolution with no rush to release his music .", "three years have passed since the debut release of his 2bass quartet - featuring double bass players reuben radding and sean conly and drummer mike pride , weight ( outnow recordings , 2012 ) , until his own label released the quartet ' s sophomore album .", "in a similar manner , kretzmer is not a leader that insists on controlling every aspect of his compositions .", "he trusts the quartet to follow his loose “ written ideas ” , letting them breathe and blossom organically , in emphatic yet open interplay , but leaving enough space and freedom for the personal contributions of all the musicians .", "still , it is clear that kretzmer feels at home with this quartet that challenges him and utilizes his qualities as a leader and improviser to the fullest . \"", "coyote \" , a composition by taylor ho bynum , is more playful in its approach , with cornet and piano engaging into a refined dance full of joy and lightfootedness , with eisenstadt offering us a myriad of percussive delights to emphasise the prancing theme , which will linger in your head long after you ' ve finished listening to the album .", "hawkins ' \" owl \" adds drama to the album , with a short repetitive and almost percussive theme , and it seems that only the cornet and hawkins right hand provide some stability to the piece , with bass and drums and the piano ' s left hand creating energetic mayhem in contrast , yet then it evolves and comes back , like an endless and fast contraction and expansion inside and outside of the theme .", "it is simple and complex at the same time , collapsing and desintegrating somewhere in the middle of the piece , then offering a peaceful moment of almost cool jazz improvisation with sparse notes by piano and cornet , repeating the core theme , yet differently , solemnly , quietly , as if some resolution had taken place .", "the group dives into the album with a back - to - back - to - back assault of soulful tunes , beginning with julius hemphill ’ s “ the hard blues .", "” here we see the qualities that will characterize the project more generally : faithful “ covers ” delivered with assurance and intention , very cleanly recorded ; muscular but fluidly lyrical clarinet and sax solos ( and double - solos ) , modestly / tastefully contained by the compositions ’ structures ; and a supple , steady rhythm section .", "phil cohran ’ s indelibly catchy “ unity ” keeps things moving with a deep - in - the - pocket cowbell groove and horn lines that snake in and out of venitucci ’ s melodica ostinato .", "third in line , john carter ’ s “ the sunday afternoon jazz and blues society ” gives the group a chance to loosen up with a bit of controlled chaos , especially spera ’ s rowdy drum - work under the tune ’ s bouncing ornette - ish melody but also in the burning double - solo towards the middle .", "no pair , an italian jazz - rock improv group came to me as a recommendation , and brilliant one it was .", "i ' ve had the album in high rotation now for the past six weeks or so that it has been in my grimy paws , never tiring of its loose and fragmented ferocity .", "it ' s one of those rare albums that catches on the first spin and doesn ' t let go .", "the album kicks off with ' edag ' which begins like a steamroller , gives way to a solo clarinet passage that twirls around until leading back into the power chords and a dance of the woodwinds .", "it ' s scripted for sure , it ' s so precise , but it ' s also loose and jangly .", "the follow up 10 minute ' sliding snickers ' starts starkly different , shape shifting snippets snake stealthily around a implied pulse .", "you ' re halfway through already before the pieces come together - fast - and then fall apart just as fast .", "the ironically playful ' spreadsheet ' is vivacious and fun , as chiapperini ' s clarinet work shines through clear and delightful .", "the skeletal groove of guitar , sax and drum makes for tenuous and lovely support .", "cueing up vertigo , the necks ’ 18th album , anyone familiar with the australian trio knows they ’ re a bit janus - faced : there ’ s the acoustic piano trio that improvises each concert , and the expansive recording group that — through the layering of tracks , electronics , and piles of instruments — uses the studio itself as a means of improvisation .", "vertigo began with the notion of “ hanging ideas ” off of an extended drone , though “ like all necks albums , ” says bassist lloyd swanton , the group “ ended up in a very different place .", "” apart from the incomparable porgy and bess , the only other occasions i can recall on which jazz and opera have met are dave burrell ’ s la vie de bohême ( byg , 1970 ) – an album i ’ ve never really got – louis sclavis ’ les violences de rameau ( ecm , 1996 ) - - infectious rhythms from the french baroque – and joe lovano ’ s viva caruso ( blue note , 2002 ) – lovano ’ s glowing tenor in suitably plush settings .", "except , callas is not quite the meeting one might expect .", "along with other recent albums , there ’ s an oblique relationship between the music and what inspired it , see : the matthew shipp trio ’ s to duke , raphael rogiński ’ s plays john coltrane snd langston hughes .", "african mystic music , and soko steidle ’ s played ellington ( jazzwerkstatt , 2015 ) .", "to appreciate why , you need to understand the background .", "there ’ s no doubt that on this album maria callas has inspired a heightened sensitivity to things that are often overlooked , providing a springboard for some truly remarkable playing .", "it ’ s a masterclass in the control of dynamics and subtle shading .", "often , the music is sotto voce , full of powerful restraint and finely graded emotions .", "there are no tunes as such , but the song - like quality identified by perelman stands out – tiny melodic seeds that flower into undulating melodies , languorous phrasing , and carefully judged crescendos .", "‘ tosca ‘ and ‘ leonora ’ are particularly lovely .", "uncannily , shipp has caught the mood exactly and the album reveals another side to his playing ( i ’ ve lost count ) .", "he has an exquisite touch , on occasions so refined that he gives a sense of not just foreground and background , but of planes between .", "the album ends with ‘ giulia ’ : muscular tenor supported by chiming chords from shipp .", "they take on a darker hue as perelman falters , his phrases begin to dissolve and then fade out slowly into silence , as if receding into the distance .", "so far as dickey ’ s contribution on the album is concerned , musically speaking , he is not a busy drummer .", "he doesn ’ t underline points or vie for attention .", "instead , he produces finely tuned responses to nuance and flux .", "he ’ s complimentary and supportive , sensitive to changes in register and volume , and not afraid of a simple backbeat to lend emphasis .", "there ’ s an art to understatement .", "out of curiosity , i played perelman ’ s earlier recording with brian willson ( drums ) - - the stream of life ( leo records , 2010 ) – to see if specific antecedents could be heard there .", "not really , at least only in the most general fashion or as occasional bubbles of influence rising to the surface ; not in the same way as this album .", "on tenorhood there ’ s very much a sense of voices past and present informed by and informing , each other .", "as perelman puts it : “ i think the tenor saxophone may be the instrument of jazz history ” .", "i think he might be right .", "by stef the advantage of writing fewer reviews is that i can listen a lot more to the same album , and i have listened dozens of times . . . this collaborative album features nine improvisations by \" two of the leading lights of the chicago creative music scene .", "” ( john corbett ) the gerund in the disc ’ s title isn ’ t just concerned with broadcasting influences .", "it ’ s also a germane watchword for the close communication that constantly transpires between mazzarella and reid and by after - the - fact proxy with the presumable ( and hopefully broad ) audience for this album .", "pointillism reigns on the title piece with fractious fragments reluctantly coming together into a mosaic - like whole .", "“ like so many drops of water ” encompasses reid ’ s exacting precision with pizzicato patterns through a lattice of percolating notes that cascade and trickle around mazarella ’ s legato musings .", "bow also comes regularly into play , but like wadud before her reid sounds just as formidable with fingers . \"", ") ; if ( summary .", "indexof ( \" by stef \" ) !", "= - 1 & & summary .", "indexof ( \" by stefan wood \" ) > 0 ) { summary = summary .", "replace ( \" by stefan wood \" , \" by stefan wood \" ) ; } if ( summary .", "indexof ( \" by stef \" ) !", "= - 1 & & summary .", "indexof ( \" by stefan wood \" ) = = - 1 ) { summary = summary .", "replace ( \" by stef \" , \" by stef \" ) ; } if ( summary .", "indexof ( \" by joe \" ) !", "= - 1 & & summary .", "indexof ( \" by joel barela \" ) > 0 ) { summary = summary .", "replace ( \" by joel barela \" , \" by joel barela \" ) ; } if ( summary .", "indexof ( \" by joe \" ) !", "= - 1 & & summary .", "indexof ( \" by joel barela \" ) = = - 1 ) { summary = summary .", "replace ( \" by joe \" , \" by joe higham \" ) ; } div .", "innerhtml = summary ; } function fixbyline ( pid ) { var div = document .", "getelementbyid ( pid ) ; post = div .", "innerhtml ; post = post .", "replace ( \" [ b ] \" , \" \" ) ; post = post .", "replace ( \" [ / b ] \" , \" \" ) ; div .", "innerhtml = post ; } function overlay ( ) { el = document .", "getelementbyid ( \" overlay \" ) ; el .", "style .", "visibility = ( el .", "style .", "visibility = = \" visible \" ) ? \"", "hidden \" : \" visible \" ; } / / ] ] > it is quite impossible to keep track of the jazz festivals around , although free and avant jazz festivals might be harder to find .", "please h . . . overview of all cd reviews ( last updated march 3 , 2011 ) ( always starting with the first name as you would pronounce the artist ' s or th . . . on january 1st we will post the winner of the blog ' s new ears award , but for now , enjoy the mouth watering list of top 10s from your . . . by eyal hareuveni austrian , classically - trained violinist - composer irene kepl defies any attempt to categorize her work .", "her music navigat . . . by stef if anything , we can applaud the work done by pedro costa of clean feed to get portuguese musicians of quality visibility and . . . so another year and another 1500 albums considered for review ( and that ' s just the ones we actually added to the list !", ") .", "taking a quick . . . 2015 was another exciting year for the free jazz collective .", "we welcomed several new reviewers : peter gough , eric mcdowell , joel barela , lee . . . the highly anticipated , carefully selected , and impeccably curated top 10 lists of 2013 from the free jazz collective , an incredibly subjec . . . copryright stef gijssels .", "powered by blogger .", "electro - acoustic explorers : jean - marc foussat and . . . fred lonberg - holm & paal nilssen - love - you can be . . . free jazz group wiesbaden – frictions / frictions no . . . desert sweets – a place meant for birds ( balance p . . . jacob garchik - ye olde ( yestereve records , 2015 ) . . . stirrup - a man can ' t ride on one ( whistler , 2015 ) . . . mazarella / haker - flaten / ra - azimuth ( astral spirit . . . hu vibrational - epic botanical suite ( meta record . . . scott tinkler & greg sheehan - federal ( bandcamp , . . . variable geometry orchestra – lulu auf dem berg ( c . . . yoni kretzmer 2bass quartet - book ii ( outnow reco . . . white out with nels cline - accidental sky ( northe . . . the convergence quartet - owl jacket ( no business , . . . roots magic - hoodoo blues ( clean feed , 2015 ) * * * ½ . . . no pair - chaos and order ( long song records , 2015 . . . the necks – vertigo ( fish of milk / northern spy , 20 . . . ken aldcroft & scott thomson – red & blue ( trio re . . . stephen haynes - pomegranate ( new atlantis , 2015 ) . . . tom prehn quartet - axiom ( corbett vs . dempsey , 20 . . . garrison fewell , roy campbell & luther gray - invi . . . design by newwpthemes | blogger theme by lasantha - pbt | newbloggerthemes .", "com october 2015 ~ the free jazz collective summary = summary .", "replace ( \" [ b ] \" , \" \" ) ; summary = summary .", "replace ( \" [ / b ] \" , \" \" ) ; summary = summary .", "replace ( \" \" , \" \" ) ; summary = summary .", "replace ( \" by paul acquaro \" , \" by paul acquaro \" ) ; if ( summary .", "indexof ( \" by stef \" ) !", "= - 1 & & summary .", "indexof ( \" by stefan wood \" ) > 0 ) { summary = summary .", "replace ( \" by stefan wood \" , \" by stefan wood \" ) ; } if ( summary .", "indexof ( \" by stef \" ) !", "= - 1 & & summary .", "indexof ( \" by stefan wood \" ) = = - 1 ) { summary = summary .", "replace ( \" by stef \" , \" by stef \" ) ; } if ( summary .", "indexof ( \" by joe \" ) !", "= - 1 & & summary .", "indexof ( \" by joel barela \" ) > 0 ) { summary = summary .", "replace ( \" by joel barela \" , \" by joel barela \" ) ; } if ( summary .", "indexof ( \" by joe \" ) !", "= - 1 & & summary .", "indexof ( \" by joel barela \" ) = = - 1 ) { summary = summary .", "replace ( \" by joe \" , \" by joe higham \" ) ; } div .", "innerhtml = summary ; } function fixbyline ( pid ) { var div = document .", "getelementbyid ( pid ) ; post = div .", "innerhtml ; post = post .", "replace ( \" [ b ] \" , \" \" ) ; post = post .", "replace ( \" [ / b ] \" , \" \" ) ; div .", "innerhtml = post ; } function overlay ( ) { el = document .", "getelementbyid ( \" overlay \" ) ; el .", "style .", "visibility = ( el .", "style .", "visibility = = \" visible \" ) ? \"", "hidden \" : \" visible \" ; } / / ] ] > french electro - acoustic explorer jean - marc foussat began his musical career as a guitarist in experimental prog - rock groups in the early seventies , already then beginning to investigate the sonic scope of synthesizers , before fully transforming his instrumental palette to electro - acoustic devices .", "he is also known as a gifted sound engineer , favorited by such musicians as joëlle léandre and joe mcphee , responsible for countless live free - improvised recordings for such labels as hat hut , incus and many more .", "swedish jakob riis began his musical career as a trombonist but today he focuses on composition and exploring improvised settings of noise and electro - acoustic music in different formats .", "both foussat and riis offer interesting historic and fresh perspectives on the development of the blends of acoustic and electric sounds .", "this 4 - disc anthology chronicles 40 years of unreleased material culled from jean - marc foussat ' s archive , prepared for his 60th birthday .", "the first disc features short pieces from 1973 - 1977 that document his early sonic experiments with homemade electric guitar and later with the vintage portable analogue synthesizers , radio waves and magnetic tapes , with the prog - rock group phyllauxckzairrâh n ° iii and the anarchistic prog - fusion group le lézard marçio .", "the second disc stresses foussat ' s unique musical language in a free - improvised setting with the group thrash the flash , featuring him playing his analog synthesizer , digital piano , tapes and voice and with guitarist marc dufourd , vocalist lea dufourd and clarinet and flute player jérôme bourdellon .", "these recordings from 2000 and 2013 highlight his role as a sonic magician , producing a stream of spacey , noisy and weird sounds that are the driving force behind these wild , again anarchistic improvisations , even when the improvised textures tend to adopt a bluesy pattern .", "the third disc traces the development of foussat innovative musical language on the ems synthesizer with clever usage of voice samples through four extended solo pieces .", "the first from 1975 is ethereal , minimalist piece but the rest are much more complex , multi - layered and feature this vintage electronic instrument as an infinite sound generator , producing a busy flow of disturbing , yet vivid and nuanced textures .", "the fourth disc is the real treat , presenting foussat “ with others ” , in different ad - hoc free - improvised settings , all recorded in 2015 . first with trumpeters jean - luc cappozzo & nicolas souchal and trombonist matthias mahler in a 25 - minutes of arresting sonic searches that highlight the emphatic interplay and the distinct voices of each of the musicians .", "following is a sparse improvisation with vocal artist marialuisa capurso and drummer dirar kalash .", "the third is a haunting , cinematic texture , charged with foussat brilliant usage of voice samples , with joe mcphee playing only the pocket trumpet and experimental double bass player fred marty .", "the last two improvisations were recorded at jazzgalerie nickelsdorf in austria , when the gallery present its homage event to mcphee in may 2015 . the first one is a delicate , short one with german drummer paul lovens .", "the second one is 25 - minutes slow - burning improvisation that feature trumpeter thomas berghammer , guitarist raymond boni , the gallery mastermind hans falb on turntables , violinist irene kepl , mcphee on saxes , voices and trumpet , cellist noïd and drummer makoto sato .", "marsafouty is the duo of bass player fred marty and foussat on electro - acoustic devices .", "concerts was was recorded live on february 2015 in two different locations , released on foussat ' s independent label .", "both marty and foussat aim to lose their way within new sounds that transcend any conventional ones .", "marty searches with his bow for distorted sounds , harmonic “ holes , ” experiments with the timbral spectrum of the bass by inserting metal and wood objects between the instrument strings and plays on all parts of the bass .", "on the first piece “ 99 rue du ruisseau ” his distorted - dissonant yet rich buzzing drones feeds foussat ’ s weird electro - acoustic sounds , eventually feeding him back again until all sounds blend into an alien , nervous sonic whirlwind .", "the two opt for a more relaxed and intimate course on the second piece , “ tiasci , ” diving deeper into any sonic manifestation , expanding patiently marty commanding bowing into a multitude of echoing , distorted and manipulated sounds .", "on both pieces marty and foussat never settle on any sound but keep morphing and sculpting their shared flowing soundscapes .", "both sound as entranced by the kinetic powers of sounds , as if they are celebrating a kind of futuristic , shamanic ritual , intense and restless one , that possibly may attempt to drive away some disturbing visions . . foussat and his electro - acoustic devices meet here with pianist henri roger for three improvisations , recorded on april 2015 . the atmosphere here is much more intimate , almost a chamber like , still a haunted camber setting , inspired by the poetry of belgian paul nougé , the founder and theoretician of surrealism in belgium .", "the main piece is the 54 - minutes “ le milieu ” , a patient , nuanced and unsettling cinematic soundscape .", "this minimalist piece succeeds to create an intriguing , dream - like atmosphere where vivid sonic scenes change and morph instantly , slowly building an intense , dramatic tension and then disintegrating into a delicate and gentle stream of sounds .", "this piece sounds as acting on its own fleeting logic , with no need to subject its course to any destination , any cohesive form or narrative .", "this surrealist , poetic trip is concluded with the short , meditative , drone - like “ l ’ est & l ’ ouest ” that solidifies the eerie , dreamy and chamber - like atmosphere of this arresting meeting .", "the eight pieces , recorded already in 2011 , are quite varied yet highly intimate ones , moving between exploring sparse , minimalist sounds on “ framför allt vill jag tacka …” , the noisy and intense “ stort tack …” , the quiet , nuanced blending of feedbacks and white noises on the long title piece or the delicate dance of bleeps and beeps on “ tack till …” .", "lindsjö and riis passes from time to time each other unstable sonic ground , but most of the time prefer to challenge the other with their their own sonic searches , all attempt to find new meanings for time and space dimensions in such arresting manners of making music .", "the periodic “ quieter ” moments – or at least moments that relent even slightly , like the break of drums and cello to yield to lonberg - holm ’ s electronics midway through the pleasure principle , are perhaps the most revealing .", "it would be easy to become so disoriented by the playing of both musicians to hear something more combative in the finished recordings , like watching a street fight , or a hearty argument at least .", "but it ’ s these moments of quick breaths that dispel any inkling to reduce the record to quarreling or competing virtuosos .", "nilssen - love ’ s periodic restraint and ( especially ) lonberg - holm ’ s electronics reveal how well the space between the players was actually cultivated .", "the upkeep that said space receives throughout the entire piece is truly a marvel .", "i would argue that , if anything , the facilitation of shared and personal space is what most invites relistens .", "at this point , i could walk you through each track ( and usually i would , describing lonberg - holm ’ s serrated notes to start nasty and such ) ; but what ’ s the point ?", "it ’ s lonberg - holm and nilssen - love on a duo recording .", "there ’ s only a handful of musicians in the world with enough chops and sand to walk into a room with either man and say , ‘ let ’ s play .", "just you and i .", "’ if you ’ re a sonic wanderer , here ’ s a journey .", "if you ’ re a musician , here ’ s some shit you probably can ’ t play – but it ’ ll inspire you , i ’ m sure .", "if you ’ re looking for more backstory , i can ’ t help you much there .", "i couldn ’ t even find the record on bocian ’ s site .", "and if you ’ re like me , a little nothing speck in an infinite blackness , a millionth of a second in the contours of all time , here ’ s a little record that might not give you any answers but it ’ ll definitely show you what you ’ re up against .", "it ’ s your story too .", "what makes fjgw so great are the different and various musical means they have at hand : classic bebop riffs , world music influences , free collective improvisations , kraut rock elements , 1960s psychedelia , etc .", "however , at the heart of their music is classic african - american free jazz .", "but although the two albums share the same impetus and approach , there is also an important difference : “ frictions “ is partly notated and presented as an uninterrupted piece although it actually consists of seven sell / scherf compositions : “ intro for four “ is a trio of piano , flute and drums and reminds of don cherry ’ s double flute excursions ; “ topology “ refers to the themes used by albert ayler ’ s groups just to drift off in a collective improvisation ; “ töne “ is a duel between the reeds and the guitar and makes the impression of a modern jazz theme ; “ sounds for m “ sounds like a miles davis riff , “ töne i “ is another short modern jazz interlude ; “ ballad - allintervallreihe “ is a theme played unison before “ peaceless “ , a marvelous reed drone , brings the track to an end .", "all this preconceived material serves to structure the improvisations , which are dominated by free , very energetic and atonal reed lines , fragmented and twitchy guitar chords and polyrhythmic whirlwinds .", "the whole conception can be described as a mixture of explicitly planned formal processes and a careful arrangement of sound layers on the one hand and spontaneous interactions and raw rhythmic eruptions on the other hand .", "the music “ unfolds in frequent variations of timbral textures “ , as ernst nebhuth puts it in the very informative liner notes .", "in contrast to “ frictions “ , both parts of “ frictions now “ are freely improvised music , the focus is clearly on spontaneity .", "however , the music is elaborate and structured by dieter könig ’ s extraordinary guitar , which is used in a multifunctional way ( he plays single notes on the deep strings so he can take over the functions of a double bass , but he also creates brittle chord splinters which anticipate sonny sharrock ' s or james blood ulmer ’ s sound ) , by sell ’ s short , aggressive trills on the trumpet , which remind of manfred schoof ’ s style at that time , and by dieter scherf ’ s solos , which are characterized by certain melodic features that again recall albert ayler .", "after the split of fjgw michael sell continued to work as a musician and a composer , his music can be described as a mixture of free jazz and new classical music .", "especially his works from the 1970s ( e . g . 5 stücke für 11 instrumentalisten oder instrumentalistinnen ) and 80s ( e . g . innovationen für 10 instrumente ) on his misp label are interesting as well .", "kudos to nobusiness for their effort to make fjgw available on cd , all the more if you consider the very reasonable price .", "highly recommended !", "you can buy the cd from the label and the downtown music gallery .", "thirteen years after their first release , desert sweets reunite on a place meant for birds , recorded live at the outpost in new mexico .", "the trio consists of biggi vinkeloe from sweden on alto sax and flute , bay area double bassist damon smith , and albuquerque native mark weaver on tuba and didgeridoo .", "the intimacy of these seven improvisations gives us the chance to appreciate the group ’ s complementary powers of reception and reaction , listening and responding .", "“ vision is a long tumble ” opens the outing at a modest pace , a bit subdued perhaps , with extended tuba and bowed bass textures supporting vinkeloe ’ s wandering alto lines .", "as the piece develops smith ’ s physical playing is especially dynamic , moving back and forth from arco to pizzi , from the low register to the high .", "near the end of the track the trio comes together nicely in sustained , rising strata of sound .", "the shorter follow - up , “ white bed , ” takes a wholly different approach , showing us a new side of the group .", "here the playing is urgent and dense from the start , with weaver squeezing small bubbles out of his tuba , smith frenetically plucking strings , and vinkeloe gasping for air between phrases , her saxophone keys fluttering .", "billed as “ a 2015 cover of the soundtrack to a 1970 ’ s remake of a 1930 ’ s movie about the middle ages , ” jacob garchik ’ s ye olde is a sly , propulsive wall of sound .", "much credit to garchik for delivering so precisely on the promise of his concept , but the final product wouldn ’ t be the same without this exact group of musicians .", "vinnie sperrazza ’ s heavy kick drum and open , splashy cymbals bring that 70 ’ s heavy metal drive .", "and on guitars , you ’ ve got three of the most creative and sonically interesting players , jonathan goldberger , mary halvorson , and brandon seabrook .", "and of course , garchik is all over this record , bursting through the funky haze with crisp , bold lines .", "because ye olde is something of a soundtrack to an imagined medieval quest , tracks are divided between the plot - driven “ songs ” and transitional “ wipes , ” brief interludes between each set piece .", "the songs introduce the large cast of characters , including mortise mansard , queen anne , “ the lady of duck island , ” “ the elders of ocean pathway , ” and “ the opossum king of greenwood forest .", "” throughout , goldberger , halvorson , and seabrook shift through hocketed melodies , solos in round , and just about every effects pedal at their feet .", "some albums are exciting just by the nature of the lineup , garnering a kind of “ what will that even sound like ?", "” anticipation .", "like kris davis ’ s infrasound , from earlier this year , jacob garchik ’ s trombone , drums , and three guitars lineup for ye olde was , on paper , too interesting to resist .", "and on record , it ’ s fantastic . \"", "stirrup \" is a trio that plays in some separate musical category , making them hard to pigeonhole , with fred lonberg - holm on cello and tenor guitar , nick macri on bass , and charles rumback on drums , here joined by russ johnson on trumpet on half the tracks of this live performance at the whistler in chicago .", "macri and rumback lay a solid and unwavering rhyhtmic foundation for all compositions , often more rock - influenced than jazz , except for the continuous shape - shifting of their approach , and fred lonberg - holm makes his cello howl as we know him , although there are moments when it sounds ' normal ' , yet without warning it can switch to hard noise .", "when lonberg - holm plays electric tenor guitar - a 4 - string guitar - he plays it almost like a cello , using single string notes instead of chords , chasing the sound through his pedals and resulting at times in some violent feedback and full sustain soloing that is reminiscent of rock guitarists of the seventies , but he is even stronger when he plays the cello .", "the outcome is violent and disciplined at the same time , with really strong compositions and themes .", "the duelling solos between lonberg - holm and johnson are really magnificent , and it was a great idea to invite the trumpeter to join the performance . \"", "azimuth \" combines the three ' s diverse talents , and is a tight lipped , muscular effort that combines heavy physicality with spirituality .", "the opening track , \" vega , \" starts off strong , with mazzarella opening with a brief meditative solo , then joined by haker - flaten and ra as they push mazzarella with a rumbling , propulsive bass and percussion .", "mazzarella has a wonderful tone , not sharp , but well rounded , and not deep , but full bodied and confident .", "for thirty minutes mazzarella glides , darts , and dives into and over haker - flaten ' s pounding bass and ra ' s crushing percussion with skill .", "yet over halfway through the track , one gets a sense that his creative expressive skills are limited .", "while the others can dig and push and improvise for as long as they feel like , without sounding tired , mazzarella seems to run out of creative energy .", "it feels like he eventually plays to fill space , or loses direction with how he is expressing himself .", "the thirty minutes may have been too ambitious . \"", "rigel \" has avreeayl ra start off with exotic , liquid percussion ( there is some water being moved around ) , then joined by mazzarella , with high register notes that are fluid and fast .", "the two move at a breathtakingly fast pace , and mazzarella shines with his rapid fire and ability to express .", "but the conclusion to the track is awkwardly abrupt - - stopping as if that was just enough , but doing so in the middle of a thought that becomes incomplete . \"", "spica , \" the final track , is easily the best track of the lot , a deeply moving tune that recalls the best spiritual free jazz music from the 60s and 70s .", "mazzarella plays it like an uplifting ballad , while haker - flaten and ra create contrast with a dark menacing foundation of rumbling bass and bass percussion .", "the music builds to a powerful cresendo , and gently concludes with the trio in rhythmic unison .", "divergent paths is a performance from a 2012 stop in portugal , itself rather improvised after plane trouble stranded the duo in poland on the day they were originally scheduled to play .", "levin and brown are both muscular , virtuosic improvisers , each having distilled sharply personal styles from a variety of musical influences .", "“ mutuality ”— true to its name — is a sympathetic exchange between two musicians who are comfortable with each other ’ s nuances .", "the track would be a good entry point for someone unfamiliar with free improvisation ; there ’ s a clarity or logic in each player ’ s response to the other that can be lacking in this music .", "this is not to suggest divergent paths isn ’ t rigorous or challenging — on the contrary , such lucid musicality under the duress of performance is a testament to the agility of these musical minds .", "long centerpiece “ dialogue ” in many ways subverts a free jazz trope .", "the term “ dialogue ” itself is one of the limits we brush up against when trying to talk about this music : what it describes would be chaotic in literal terms , as though a conversation could remain coherent if all the participants continually spoke over one another .", "but levin ’ s and brown ’ s “ dialogue ” at times really feels like a conversation .", "there are extended solo passages from each musician , rather like statements and rebuttals .", "brown spends a lot of time in wispy altissimo heights while levin ranges widely , quoting folky motifs or imitating the saxophone .", "it ’ s a varied , modestly - paced repartee , capped by the brief and bracing closer “ match point .", "” a strong entry in the cipsela catalog .", "marcelo dos reis & angélica v . salvi - concentric rinds ‏ ( cipsela , 2015 ) * * * * concentric rinds takes its name from an m . c . escher engraving , and the music shares in the disciplined beauty of escher ’ s work .", "dos reis and salvi have previously played together in the group pedra contida , but the pairing was suggested by evan parker after he worked with both musicians during a summer festival .", "the tracks that begin concentric rinds are beautiful , unhurried , imbrued with the fullness of the resonant warehouse in which they were recorded .", "dos reis ’ s acoustic guitar and salvi ’ s harp have similar timbres , intertwining into kaleidoscopic figures in the ambiguous middle ground between the instruments .", "the harmony and rhythm in “ spirals ” has the organized , organic feel of music by composers like terry riley or duane pitre , with dos reis preparing his guitar and playing it like a hammered dulcimer .", "while the duo often opts for a sound of peaceful concordance , there are bouts of more antagonistic interplay , as on “ convex ” and “ concave .", "” most striking is “ depth .", "” beginning with harp that sounds more like tuned percussion than strings , it eventually builds to a wailing threnody of dos reis ’ s sorrowful , wordless vocals and coarsely - bowed guitar .", "thoughit starts in a more conventional tonal manner than a lot of free improvisation , concentric rinds gets increasingly adventurous as it progresses , closing with “ surface , ” which has shimmering , friction - induced tones not unlike eddie prévost ’ s work with bowed cymbals .", "a remark in the liners seems an important reminder : “ this is how we sounded one day in february 2013 , ” dos reis writes .", "not “ this is the sound of our duo , ” but instead , a nod to the ephemerality of a music that never stops changing .", "now , at the time of its release in 2015 , they may sound very different , indeed .", "the musicians build upon it with layers and layers of percussion , electronics and strings .", "it is less beat heavy and more rhythmic .", "like susie ibarra ' s wonderful group electric kulintang , hu vibrational brings a high level of quality , taste and inventiveness that elevates the music from trance sounds or being background music .", "this version of the group sounds similar to the sound and aesthetics of the great african head charge .", "tracks like \" charas \" and \" soma , \" are such examples - - thick rhythms that weave in a dense texture that is broken up by waves of sound , electonic voicings , shredding guitars or light flutes . \"", "epic botannical suite \" is a stunning effort , enjoyable and grows with repeated listening .", "recommended !", "the two australian musicians are scott tinkler on trumpet and greg sheehan on percussion .", "you know , dear reader , that i like this format , ever since the great duets of don cherry and ed blackwell .", "check the ' topics ' , then ' tags ' on the right to find out more reviews for the trumpet - drums format , or use the search engine to find more reviews about scott tinkler .", "even if it ' s adventurous , the music remains quite accessible , with not too many extended techniques , yet with obvious instrumental mastery by both musicians .", "it all sounds so honest , outright , authentic , with a disarming naturalness , without pretence or self - centeredness , it is all about the music .", "i love it .", "listen and download from bandcamp .", "the opening moments of “ stream of consciousness ” are disorienting .", "awash in reverb , as in an empty warehouse or a bounded public square , maria radich ’ s vocals mingle with those of an audience of unknown size .", "camera shutters click , men cough into their sleeves , children test their own small voices against radich ’ s echoes .", "it ’ s unclear : has the performance begun ?", "but soon other instruments can be heard , a few at a time , the texture thickening as the 26 - strong band materializes .", "lulu auf dem berg ( “ lulu on the mountain ”— a clever allusion to alban berg ’ s unfinished opera ) is the third release from ernesto rodrigues ’ variable geometry orchestra .", "membership is variable , too : the group can swell to as many as 40 musicians , and always features some familiar names from the portugal scene .", "here we find miguel mira , hernâni faustino , and sei miguel , among others .", "free improvisation is tricky with large groups .", "perhaps ironically , adopting the minimalist , textural approach of electroacoustic improvisationis often a fruitful strategy .", "rodrigues deftly moves his musicians through a droning series of dark , shifting shapes , the variable geometry of a flock of birds , turning on his whim .", "over the course of the nearly 50 minute performance , there are a few moments of more “ traditional ” free improvisation , but the intense reverb in the playing space smears everything , effacing even the attack of each drum hit .", "it may be due to my recent listening , but the murky start and brooding progression brings to mind the music of jakob ullman .", "not so much his use of extreme quiet , but the idea of holding music at a distance to elicit a form of strained listening .", "attention is sustained not by following a melodic trail or the clash of counterpoint , but instead by pushing to get closer to the details , immersed in the flux of a slow - moving , all - pervasive mass of sound .", "rodrigues has used the word “ subliminal ” in the past when talking about this music .", "indeed , a session with lulu auf dem berg feels like something that was slowly absorbed rather than actively engaged .", "moody , suspenseful — even cinematic — music .", "highly recommended .", "kretzmer describes the quartet as an outfit whose “ earthiness ” has become its trademark , and its raison d ' être : “ to manage to dive into the pits of the earth while maintaining a certain clarity and vividness , as tough seeing while having mud in the eyes ” .", "this colorful description gives some idea about the quartet sound - grainy , unpolished and encompassing the lower registers , as if kretzmer furious tenor shrieks aim to pierce the sonic walls comprised of dark , resonating double basses and pounding drums .", "as on the quartet ' s debut , the sonic territory is still in the most adventurous terrains of free jazz ; music based on intuition , power and energy , gravitating into cathartic climaxes , as when it is tapping to the legacy of the american fiery free jazz on “ freezaj ” or on climatic , 20 - minutes of “ number 4 ” .", "but the 2bass quartet has more than just power and energy in its can .", "relying on its accumulative experience and strong bond as a working group and its musicians individual experiences as leaders in their own right , kretzmer enables enough freedom to allow some chaotic , messy interplay , trusting the quartet to adopt again his ideas .", "the quartet experiences the full spectrum of its heavy rhythm section and plays on sifting pulses as on “ polytonal suite ” .", "it is not shy from expressing its emotional side through the more common stormy intensity , as on the opening “ haden ” , a sort of homage to the late charlie haden , the gentle “ leaves ” or the simple “ ballad ” .", "book ii was recorded jun2 2014 . it is about time for book iii .", "for the last 20 years nyc ' s white out have been operating in the margins between more readily identifiable areas of ' free music ' .", "documented on a modest number of very fine lps , lin culbertson ( analogue synths , autoharp , flute , mystery electronics and otherworldly vocals ) and tom surgal ( drums , devices , celestial bells etc ) have created a unique sonic space both open to the possibilities of ' sound ' and the input of their collaborators , and yet established and identifiable as their own .", "of their 6 prior recordings , only 2011 ' s ' asphalt and delay ' finds them operating as a duo .", "elsewhere longstanding associations with the likes of jim o ' rourke , thurston moore and c . spencer yeh have yielded releases ranging from full burners to nuanced thinkers , always rich in timbral detail and high on quality .", "accidental sky sees white out alongside nels cline , a collaboration stretching back over a decade which has only now been committed to disc , and finds the trio navigating considered gradations .", "over the course of around 40 mins , the troika move through seven relatively brief tracks ( the longest clocks in at 6 : 45 ) and countless ideas .", "set out in their mission statement , the emphasis here is very much on the ' free ' and on the ' sound ' , spontaneously constructed sonic statements which demand to be understood on their own terms .", "the manner in which culbertson ' s deploys the array of instruments at her fingertips feels unique and , on occasion , almost alien .", "its easy to forget that she is often playing keyboard instruments given the range of untempered sonorities she coaxes and moulds .", "cline , a versatile guitar player active in a wide range of differing groups , almost entirely eschews melodic material in favour of the expanded palette of sounds and effects he explores less thoroughly in other contexts .", "surgal ( the man behind the recently funded ' fire music ' documentary film ) , has a dexterity and lightness of touch which means that even at its most tightly packed , the percussion feels expressive and responsive .", "other than a loose tonal centre which grounds a couple of tracks , there is very little in the way of recognisable concordance here .", "in fact it is only on the record ' s final track where cline chimes out a couple of ringing chords , eliciting kosmische twinklings from culbertson ' s keys , where the group can be judged by any criteria other than their own .", "two decades and seven offerings in white out consistently manage to achieve the seemingly antithetical , to arrive at a place of genuine freedom and possibility by sheer belief and doggedness of approach .", "in a world where many will release countless recordings every year , the infrequency of white out missives means they are something to be eagerly anticipated and cherished on arrival .", "accidental sky is both these things and more .", "the first track , \" dogbe na wo lo \" , already delivers the goods .", "a ghanian traditional with a beautiful theme , it is wonderful arranged by harris eisenstadt , with deepfelt improvisation by ho bynum , and magisterial playing by the rhythm section , including the piano ' s subtle chords and power .", "the second track is penned by dominic lash , and the tone shifts into a quiet improvisation that gradually gains power and momentum with alexander hawkins leading the piece with angular sounds and rhythmic inventiveness , creating a solid backbone for bass and drums to go wild , and when the cornet joins , things quieten down , and the rhythm becomes even more hesitating and halting .", "it is followed by \" azalpho \" , a short composition by dominic lash , also angular and percussive , playful and fresh .", "beyond the two other pieces drawn from the jazz lineage ( sun ra ’ s “ a call for demons ” and olu dara ’ s “ i can ’ t wait till i get home ” ) and two original compositions — quite competent but somewhat overshadowed by their unbeatable company — a highlight for delta and gospel blues fans are the group ’ s takes on blind willie johnson ’ s “ dark was the night ” and charley patton ’ s “ poor me .", "” on the former , perhaps the track i find myself revisiting the most , tedeschi hands the melodic line off to defabritiis before bringing out the bow , and the song swells above the sea storm of spera ’ s cymbals and mallets .", "here group not only captures the haunting mood of the 1927 original but uses it as a point of departure for what develops into such a personal , organic , and emotional musical experience that it makes us wish they had allowed themselves more opportunities for exploration and discovery elsewhere .", "they do what they can to recreate some of this magic in the middle section of “ poor me , ” but it ’ s less convincing and a bit awkward sandwiched between the relatively humdrum melodic choruses , suggesting the potential limitations of this kind of obligation to source material .", "a bit hyperbolic , i know , but let me explain .", "chaos and order is the work of francesco chiapperini who composes and plays bass and soprano clarinet .", "he is joined by gianluca elia on tenor sax , dario trapani on electric guitar and antonio fusco on drums .", "to make any comparisons , i ' d post that there are strong traces of lucien dubius ' looping bass heavy songs and even a bit of marc ribot ' s style in the guitar playing .", "some of the writing , like on ' brain misty ' even has hints of bundle ' s era soft machine with it ' s mix of horn arrangements , analog electronic sounds and biting guitar work .", "in fact , i think the group enjoyed playing that one so much they didn ' t know how to stop - so it simply ends with an acute fade .", "i ' ve had chaos and order with me in the car , on a jog , on the train and blasting through the house .", "what can i say , it sounds great everywhere .", "the quartet draws deep from the well of rock and jazz and comes up with something fresh .", "available through downtown music gallery .", "the necks ’ music has always skirted even broad categorization , and vertigo is no different .", "it ’ s in parts jazz , ambient music , new age , minimalism , post - rock .", "certainly much of it was improvised , though it feels inaccurate to call it improvisation .", "“ contingency ” may better describe what guides the necks in the studio , an openness to whatever possibilities arise as the musicians play , listen , take measure , and play some more .", "this can make their albums difficult to evaluate .", "it ’ s easy to approach each as an epic , cohesive composition , only to be faced with a piece of shifting character , one that moves more in swerving , digressive lines than a grand narrative arc .", "listening to vertigo ’ s musical elements come into focus — a waiving chord on organ , brushes scratching cymbals , a distant śruti buzz — i often snap to and realize i have no recollection of when they arose .", "at nearly any point , the music feels in stasis , but this is wrong : i know it has been changing , and dramatically .", "a drone often does accompany the trio through vertigo ’ s 43 minutes , fizzling out in one form only to return later in another .", "chris abrahams roams from piano to organ to synthesizer , but never far from melody — his modal splashes of color keep vertigo on a calming , meditative plane .", "for all their experimentation , the necks are almost never dissonant or abrasive .", "nearing the end of vertigo , they do push into noisier territory , tony buck ’ s eerie sheets of guitar feedback punctuated by bursts of clattering percussion .", "it ’ s as close to a crescendo as the necks will allow , and it ’ s certainly vertigo ’ s zenith .", "in the end , perhaps not my favorite of their albums , but the necks continue to leave me curious as to where they ’ ll head next .", "vertigo is out now internationally on fish of milk and rer megacorp .", "northern spy will release vertigo in north america on october 30 . guitarist ido bukelman is one of the most prolific musicians in the small israeli experimental , free - improvised scene .", "his latest releases feature two of his working outfits , the free jazz hanut trio and his ground birds duo , both with double bass player nada masel .", "hanut trio - featuring bukelman on electric guitar , masel and drummer nir sabag , is named after its tiny performance home club , hanut ( shop in hebrew ) in tel aviv .", "this free jazz trio has built its aesthetics through many live performances and ad - hoc collaborations with polish reed player mikołaj trzaska and innovative israeli improvisers as veteran clarinet player harold rubin and outnow recordings label colleague sax player yoni kretzmer .", "all the eight pieces feature loose composed narratives , six were penned by bukelman and two by the trio .", "bukelman is the natural leader of the trio , the one who usually sets the tone and the dynamics of each piece with dense guitar lines .", "but the interplay of the trio is quite democratic and leaves enough space for the masel and sabag to add color and depth .", "sabag opts often for contemplative , fractured drumming while the thoughtful bass work of masel grounds the flights of bukelman and pulse - free coloring of sabag .", "three pieces stand out .", "masel moroccan flute playing on the short “ a flute like this ” adds an exotic , gnawa - tinged trance - like sound that unfortunately is not developed later on .", "the moving , bluesy - breezy “ object theater ” .", "and the atmospheric , cinematic “ island ” , with its intriguing sounding tension building , highlight the nuanced , varied language of this trio .", "the duo of bukelman , on bowed banjo and acoustic guitar , and masel , on the double bass , present the experimental , free - improvised aspect of their work .", "the pieces are associative , open ended , and masel , again , is the one who takes the role of grounding - literally - the interplay towards a cohesive envelope .", "the duo was recorded live at the barbur gallery in jerusalem on may 2013 . this performance feature bukelman plays both the bowed banjo and the guitar while on later performances he focuses most of the time on the banjo .", "the sound of the bowed banjo is an acquired taste - dirty , rusty , distorted , almost out - of - tune .", "but when it is met with masel ’ s wise , adaptive bowed double bass it forms an interesting sonic ground .", "a disturbing yet patient , searching ambiance , arresting in its intense timbral spectrum and its search for a common thread , only to deconstruct it immediately after .", "the two solo pieces stress the differences between the two .", "bukelman solo guitar is a sort of free fly , free formed .", "it is a fast stream of associations , without any attempt to sketch any narrative , at times references the country - tinged guitar of eugene chadbourne and on others a continuation of his work on his solo acoustic guitar albums the door and solo ( kadima collective and outnow recordings , both on 2011 ) .", "masel solo double bass is more solid , exploring methodically his rich sonic palette through a dark , resonating texture .", "yes , that ’ s right , the soprano maria callas , the archetypal diva both onstage and off , who possessed a voice and dramatic presence which held audiences spellbound .", "her roles tended to be of wronged women , though it could be said that there ’ s rarely any other kind of woman in italian opera ( with the exception of the macbeths , there ’ s little of interest when the course of true love runs smooth ) .", "in many ways , she belongs to a past era – perhaps even a golden age of opera production – but her performances remain inspirational .", "during 2014 , perelman suffered difficulties that were traced to his use of a double - embouchure to reach the high registers , resulting in a physiological response similar to what happens when singing .", "after speaking to opera singers , he took voice and breathing lessons , and started to heal .", "“ now i breathe as if i were a singer ; i think as if i am a singer .", "” during this process , perelman listened to opera , eventually to maria callas exclusively , and began playing along to her recordings .", "this reached a point where he was playing her arias on his saxophone “ note for note , inflection for inflection , subtlety for subtlety ” .", "he then went into the studio with mathew shipp ( piano ) and they recorded in the usual way , without any prior discussion .", "as with tenorhood ( reviewed yesterday ) the tracks were named ex post facto , perelman identifying correspondences with particular roles played by callas based on the psychology of her portrayals and their “ emotional arc ” , even though none of the music from the operas was used and he admits to being unfamiliar with their plots .", "there are a multitude of ways in which he might have made these connections however , so you don ’ t need to listen with kobbe ’ s complete opera book balanced on your knees .", "these pieces are not mini - operas but a distillation of the kinds of feelings that make them up .", "it ’ s a varied recital : ’ rosina ’ and ‘ aleeste ’ explore the contrapuntal exchanges which have preoccupied perelman of late ; ‘ louise ’ is full of seething emotions interspersed with more reflective asides ; and ‘ abigaille ’ is thirty eight seconds of perelman and shipp chasing their own tails .", "occasionally , perelman wanders into the altissimo register and his phrases become more abbreviated , but he never loses the dramatic thread .", "to conclude this three day focus : in his contribution to the liner notes to counterpoint , joe morris claims that perelman “ is one of the greatest improvising saxophonists of our time ” .", "i agree , these three albums – together with the other releases of the past few years – confirm that improvisation can cater for a range of sensibilities and that perelman and his colleagues have undertaken an exploration of considerable importance , resulting in music - making of the highest quality .", "perelman ’ s insistence on complete improvisation with no pre - planning and search for new means of expression through increasingly diverse projects , suggest that he concurs with don cherry ’ s dictum : “ style is the death of creativity ” .", "i recommend you join them in their journey .", "in recent years , perelman ’ s playing has lost some of its earlier brittleness and acerbic edge , in favour of an enhanced phraseology and extended tonal palette .", "his vocabulary has increased as he ’ s found new things to say and contexts in which to say them .", "he ’ s also matured in his appreciation of the history of the tenor sax , for him : “ a vast and deep tradition ” .", "perelman has a unique voice ( in fact , several ) which did not spring fully - formed from his saxophone , but developed while absorbing the work of his predecessors .", "inevitably , these traces show up under a certain kind of light , which is what happened at this session .", "no consideration was given to what perelman and dickey ( drums ) would play .", "they just got on with it , but after about six numbers perelman realised that he was tapping into reflections that had been on his mind for a while – the sheer flexibility of the tenor saxophone and how it had accommodated so many great players of differing styles .", "the pieces were named after playback , dedicated to those whose voice he heard in each performance : hank mobley , ben webster , john coltrane , sonny rollins and albert ayler .", "the peculiar thing is , perelman ’ s playing is quite different on each track and on most the dedicatees are obvious , even though they weren ’ t consciously in mind when he recorded them .", "intuitively , he ’ s turned to the past to explore the present .", "hank mobley , a doyen of hard bop , made music that was upbeat and optimistic , qualities generally frowned on in our cynical age .", "he had a fluid tone and an unerring sense of melody ; he was also a notable tunesmith .", "‘ for mobley ’ opens with a funky feel and rolling drums , perelman drawing the outline of a melody which has the definite punch of a bop tune .", "he slithers into the top registers and eventually focuses on a simple , catchy motif whose treatment is the basis for the remainder of the piece .", "as well as having an immediately recognisable sound – warm and vibrant – ben webster ’ s mastery was such that he could express more in a single sob than other saxophonists could do over a whole solo .", "he treated the great american songbook with tenderness and reverence .", "there ’ s no hubris in one of his albums being named king of the tenors ( verve , 1953 ) .", "perelman is not some kind of musical impressionist , however .", "nor is he using the idiosyncrasies of his precursors ’ playing or their distinctive fingerprints in the way that say , dexter gordon ( another great tenor ) would quote bits of other tunes in his solos , as if with a wink to his audience .", "the relationship is more subtle .", "on ‘ for webster ’ there ’ s an identifiable burnished tone which occasionally quivers , and once or twice the tenor sighs .", "there are even snatches here and there that sound like something from a standard .", "but this all takes place amongst arabesques that are pure perelman .", "he ’ s not moving between his own and someone else ’ s playing ; it ’ s more like a pair of transparencies held up to the light so that the images merge .", "such considerations also suggest that influence is part of a continuing process .", "past masters are not learnt from and cast aside , having served their purpose ; rather , history is something with which we remain in dialogue .", "‘ for coltrane ’ is a short piece .", "there ’ s the characteristic appoggiatura and scalar run , but this is not the coltrane of the extended solo – exhaustive , and sometimes exhausting – but a tune that is pure late coltrane , plangent and yearning , expanded with playing that seems to ask more questions than can be answered .", "it concludes with the theme played in a soft , prayer - like acknowledgment .", "sonny rollins is an improviser of astonishing fecundity , probably best appreciated in live performance .", "his studio albums often only hint at his powers of invention ( try : paris 1965 – copenhagen 1968 ( gambit , 2008 ) ) but again , it ’ s not the marathon solo that ’ s invoked here .", "instead , ‘ for rollins ’ is in part about his ear for shading and tonal variation , something integral to perelman ’ s own work .", "he opens with a fruity tone , reminiscent of rollins and a melodic line that ’ s constantly embellished .", "from about the mid - point , perelman carries on a free flowing dialogue with himself : a sharp and blistering tone against quasi - trumpet .", "this proceeds with rapid alternations but since the registers don ’ t have identifiable boundaries , there ’ s also a metamorphosis of one into the other , eventually into the theme and tone of the opening section .", "in my view , albert ayler is a key figure in understanding a lot of what perelman ’ s up to , particularly ayler ’ s solos which seem to have left a deep mark on perelman ’ s music .", "what baffled his contemporaries was not so much that ayler didn ’ t play choruses and work through the changes ( ornette had shown that was unnecessary ) but that his solos seemed to observe no musical logic .", "to the casual ear , they sounded all over the place : fragmentary and barely related phrases criss - crossing the tenor ’ s spectrum , sliding around notes and using registers and blowing that were plain wrong .", "this was not rule - breaking for its own sake and the absence of logic does not mean his playing was without reason .", "with ayler , there was a fundamental shift in musical and aesthetic priorities which gave rise to not just novel sounds but new means of expression and in consequence , things to express .", "ayler ’ s music is the spiritual solar plexus of free jazz .", "although sonority was an important feature of jazz as a means of adding colour , in ayler ’ s solos the roles were often reversed so that primacy was given to texture and contour as the governing means of expression with melody having at best , secondary status ; it was not so much what he was playing but how it sounded , and felt : the unadulterated psyche ( part of the modernist quest for artistic authenticity ) .", "this shouldn ’ t detract from ayler ’ s melodic gifts which had their roots in field songs and new orleans .", "for him , reaching back was part of the move forward , making his relationship with tradition particularly complex .", "lateral movement also came to the fore .", "like ayler , perelman has no interest in the most obvious route between two points , as the meandering road – the one less travelled by – can open up unexplored areas and prompt fresh associations .", "ayler ’ s solos were never the same , even in the ubiquitous ‘ ghosts ’ .", "there can also be poetry in half - complete or broken thoughts , the tentative or sketched image : a sense of mystery lifting them above the everyday .", "it ’ s there in ayler ( and monk for that matter ) and is prominent in perelman ’ s playing .", "there ’ s greater emphasis on the twists and turns of imaginative thought – music that can only be found wanting by those who place a premium on coherence and see no value in the irregular .", "‘ for ayler ’ shows the extent to which his innovations have passed into the mainstream of free jazz .", "there ’ s a melody akin to one of ayler ’ s rubato tunes , though never stated in full : a smidgen here , a few bars there ; a skittish line that wanders into the falsetto , which behaves like the whiplash gestures in perelman ’ s paintings ; and occasional blocks of rapidly alternating notes .", "in a spontaneous melange perelman reshapes the material , picking out different facets , elsewhere fusing them .", "the performance is brought to an end by him trying to compress everything into short , repeated honks .", "the title track contains no saxophone , just drums .", "some might say this is making an ironic statement about presence through absence , or that the ultimate tribute is no tribute , or one could see it simply as wry humour .", "it ’ s a gentle piece played with mallets , consisting of delicate rolls and cross - rhythms with whispering cymbals : the antithesis of a drum solo .", "it is quite impossible to keep track of the jazz festivals around , although free and avant jazz festivals might be harder to find .", "please h . . . overview of all cd reviews ( last updated march 3 , 2011 ) ( always starting with the first name as you would pronounce the artist ' s or th . . . on january 1st we will post the winner of the blog ' s new ears award , but for now , enjoy the mouth watering list of top 10s from your . . . by eyal hareuveni austrian , classically - trained violinist - composer irene kepl defies any attempt to categorize her work .", "her music navigat . . . by stef if anything , we can applaud the work done by pedro costa of clean feed to get portuguese musicians of quality visibility and . . . so another year and another 1500 albums considered for review ( and that ' s just the ones we actually added to the list !", ") .", "taking a quick . . . 2015 was another exciting year for the free jazz collective .", "we welcomed several new reviewers : peter gough , eric mcdowell , joel barela , lee . . . the highly anticipated , carefully selected , and impeccably curated top 10 lists of 2013 from the free jazz collective , an incredibly subjec . . . copryright stef gijssels .", "powered by blogger .", "electro - acoustic explorers : jean - marc foussat and . . . fred lonberg - holm & paal nilssen - love - you can be . . . free jazz group wiesbaden – frictions / frictions no . . . desert sweets – a place meant for birds ( balance p . . . jacob garchik - ye olde ( yestereve records , 2015 ) . . . stirrup - a man can ' t ride on one ( whistler , 2015 ) . . . mazarella / haker - flaten / ra - azimuth ( astral spirit . . . hu vibrational - epic botanical suite ( meta record . . . scott tinkler & greg sheehan - federal ( bandcamp , . . . variable geometry orchestra – lulu auf dem berg ( c . . . yoni kretzmer 2bass quartet - book ii ( outnow reco . . . white out with nels cline - accidental sky ( northe . . . the convergence quartet - owl jacket ( no business , . . . roots magic - hoodoo blues ( clean feed , 2015 ) * * * ½ . . . no pair - chaos and order ( long song records , 2015 . . . the necks – vertigo ( fish of milk / northern spy , 20 . . . ken aldcroft & scott thomson – red & blue ( trio re . . . stephen haynes - pomegranate ( new atlantis , 2015 ) . . . tom prehn quartet - axiom ( corbett vs . dempsey , 20 . . . garrison fewell , roy campbell & luther gray - invi . . . design by newwpthemes | blogger theme by lasantha - pbt | newbloggerthemes .", "com recorded at foxhall studio in chicago on april 17 , 2015 by dorian gehring .", "mixed and mastered by dave zuchowski .", "liner notes by john corbett .", "photography , art direction , and design by carla nessa .", "produced for release by chuck nessa .", "cover artwork by eleanor coen , untitled , c . 1944 , goache on paper , courtesy of the eleanor coen estate and corbett vs . dempsey , chicago .", "collection of scott nielsen and adriana ballén .", "both players have impeccable technique : reid is equally proficient at stirring arco phrases and dynamic pizzicato attacks , while mazzarella can deliver frenzied upper - register passages at astonishing speed .", "but on this release it ' s the melodic contours of their playing that really stand out .", "listening to mazzarella ' s yearning phrases on \" blues for julius and abdul , \" one is reminded of hemphill ' s own steadfast dedication to melody and groove — an enduring feature of even his most outward - bound playing .", "even when pushing himself to the limit , as on the impassioned , rapid - fire dialogue on \" interstices , \" or his strenuous overblowing on \" rediscovery of an age , \" mazzarella ' s strong musical core is never far from the surface .", "reid brings the same sensibility to her playing throughout the record .", "with exceptional command over her instrument , her generosity enables her to sustain the rapport that characterizes the most transcendent tracks on the record , like the mysterious , pulsing \" like so many drops of water , \" or \" invoking a spirit , \" the ethereal closer .", "just listen to the spare accompaniment she provides on the hypnotic \" the ancestors speak \" : as mazzarella teases out agonizingly slow , languorous notes , reid ' s understated yet insistent pizzicato offers the perfect support , helping to build a gradual intensity until the piece reaches its culmination and mazzarella ' s alto finally diminishes and subsides .", "it is a delight to hear the spirit of the some of the most formative years of avant - garde jazz advanced with such skill and reverence by these two outstanding improvisers .", "both do justice to their musical forerunners ' legacy with music that is both beautiful and expertly played .", "– troy dostert nick mazzarella and tomeka reid acknowledge and embrace the obvious right away on signaling with an arresting opening number “ blues for julius and abdul ” that honors two pioneers of the duo format they favor .", "hemphill and wadud put alto and cello tandems on the musical map with their various concerts and recordings hatched in the loft jazz era .", "mazzarella and reid are worthy successors although reducing this studio recording down to easily identified antecedents risks missing the striking amount of originality that also informs the encounter .", "jointly improvised , each of the nine pieces offers a wealth of inspired activity and interaction .", "“ interstices ” and “ topographies ” echo the textural and connective intimations of their titles .", "the extended techniques employed on each are subtle and deferent to the diligent structure - building at the center of the players interplay .", "mazzarella leaps agilely between registers as reid bow strokes cantilever between strings , the two ranging from vociferous exclamations to murmured whispers .", "“ the ancestors speak ” features liquid alto in the foreground with reid adding thrumming accents from the edges , a favor she repeats on the ruminative , rhythmically - diffuse “ rediscovery of an age ” .", "the pair closes curiously with the hymn - like “ invoking the spirit ” , a sentiment that seems better suited as a prefatory move .", "once again expectations prove rightfully upended .", "– derek taylor nick mazzarella & tomeka reid ’ s “ signaling ” receives a 4 .", "5 star review from all about jazz | lydialiebman .", "com nick mazzarella & tomeka reid ’ s “ signaling ” receives a 4 .", "5 star review from all about jazz both players have impeccable technique : reid is equally proficient at stirring arco phrases and dynamic pizzicato attacks , while mazzarella can deliver frenzied upper - register passages at astonishing speed .", "but on this release it ’ s the melodic contours of their playing that really stand out .", "listening to mazzarella ’ s yearning phrases on “ blues for julius and abdul , ” one is reminded of hemphill ’ s own steadfast dedication to melody and groove — an enduring feature of even his most outward - bound playing .", "even when pushing himself to the limit , as on the impassioned , rapid - fire dialogue on “ interstices , ” or his strenuous overblowing on “ rediscovery of an age , ” mazzarella ’ s strong musical core is never far from the surface .", "reid brings the same sensibility to her playing throughout the record .", "with exceptional command over her instrument , her generosity enables her to sustain the rapport that characterizes the most transcendent tracks on the record , like the mysterious , pulsing “ like so many drops of water , ” or “ invoking a spirit , ” the ethereal closer .", "just listen to the spare accompaniment she provides on the hypnotic “ the ancestors speak ” : as mazzarella teases out agonizingly slow , languorous notes , reid ’ s understated yet insistent pizzicato offers the perfect support , helping to build a gradual intensity until the piece reaches its culmination and mazzarella ’ s alto finally diminishes and subsides .", "it is a delight to hear the spirit of the some of the most formative years of avant - garde jazz advanced with such skill and reverence by these two outstanding improvisers .", "both do justice to their musical forerunners ’ legacy with music that is both beautiful and expertly played .", "track listing : blues for julius and abdul ; signaling ; like so many drops of water ; interstices ; the ancestors speak ; topographies ; rediscovery of an age ; let it be known ; invoking a spirit .", "personnel : nick mazzarella : alto saxophone ; tomeka reid : cello .", "your email address will not be published .", "required fields are marked * notify me of follow - up comments by email .", "notify me of new posts by email .", "esteemed baritone saxophonist bj jansen announces east coast mini - tour | lydialiebman .", "com on cadence magazine reviews four llp titles sdgln features kathy kosins ahead of her upcoming gig !", "| lydialiebman .", "com on musical memoirs features and interviews kathy kosins brandee younger & courtney bryan to appear at cuny february 10 !", "| lydialiebman .", "com on cbc music first play : brandee younger , wax and wane sorry , your blog cannot share posts by email .", "<EOS>" ]

[ [ "reception", "the down beat review by bill meyer notes \" the performances are pithy and lucid , which makes for satisfying listening , and also makes the record accessible enough to be a good introduction to the avant - garde . \" the all about jazz review by hrayr attarian states \" expressive and frantic at times , tender and impressionistic at others this cohesive and fascinating record is a reflection of a shared artistic vision . one that not only brings together three contemporary masters of extemporized music but also spans half a century and defines an intrepid and revolutionary movement that keeps going strong . \"" ] ]

[ "< EOT > has over the past years become one of the most inspiring djs and voices to emerge within the electronic music scene .", "alongside long - time production partner the hacker , tracks such as ‘ frank sinatra ’ and ‘ 1982 ’ propelled them into the spotlight , whilst further collaborations with fellow feline felix da housecat ’ s ‘ silver screen ( shower scene ) ’ and ‘ madame hollywood ’ , golden boy ’ s ‘ rippin kittin ’ , sven väth ‘ je t ’ aime ’ , steve bug , antonelli electric and t . raumschmiere to name but a few , have confirmed miss kittin ’ s star billing status .", "she released her debut solo artist album ‘ i com ’ in 2004 , that showed her spreading her wings with jacking chicago house , distorted punk attitude , skanked - up dub and electronic pop as the singles ‘ professional distortion ’ , ‘ requiem for a hit ’ and ‘ happy violentine ’ so aptly displayed .", "the heavily - accented deadpan delivery over techno beats that established her notoriety on previous recordings has been unseated by a desire to sing , to scream , to rap and to croon , all of which she manages to do with ample helpings of sly wit and wordplay and a musical landscape that incorporates both brazen beats and intoxicating atmospherics .", "however for all her releases and collaborations kittin ’ s first and main love remains djing .", "from starting out in 1994 , kittin ’ s name first appeared on a flyer in the chill - out room for a rave in an old military fort in the mountains .", "from there on kittin hasn ’ t looked back .", "from playing harder edged techno , rave classics , chicago , acid and detroit techno kittin has progressed into more leftfield , electro and electronic realms .", "able to play prince with black dog or aphex twin with a new kompakt 12 ″ she has an uncanny and intuitive sense of selection that not only flows but also maintains that primary sense of the party .", "anyone who has seen kittin dancing behind the decks or grabbing the microphone mid - set will understand only too well that she is also a clubber at heart .", "as kittin says , “ i love playing records , it ’ s probably the best thing i know to do in life .", "i do it because it ’ s big fun and it makes me free .", "” based in paris since 2007 , kittin released her second solo album “ batbox ” in 2008 , followed by the second album of the collaboration with her all time favorite musical partner the hacker entitled “ two ” in 2009 , both released on her own label ‘ nobody ’ s bizzness ‘ .", "after the extensive live touring of miss kittin & the hacker in 2009 all over the globe , 2010 has seen kittin ’ s couple of remixes and collaborations and in early 2011 a release of the ’ all you need ’ ep on mobilee records , that brought her sultry yet punchy vocals back to the floor with a classic electro bassline .", "having spent over a decade cultivating her intransigent image , miss kittin reliably brings all her gusto , charisma and inspiration to the decks , which have produced many seminal moments of dance - floor heaven and is rightly placed as one of the most revered and recognizable artists in dance music today .", "on april 22nd , 2013 , miss kittin released her 3rd solo artist album : “ calling from the stars ” is out on wsphere records !", "it was a long , wonderful road recording this album together with my friends .", "my new album \" & \" is out now https : / / t . co / t … sign up to miss kittin ' s mailing list to receive exclusive miss kittin content , first look of new photos and be first to hear the new releases and dj mixes .", "miss kittin & the hacker – lost tracks vol .", "1 ep pleasure & pain – feat .", "miss kittin rester avec toi feat .", "miss kittin 🚨 dalt vila line - up 🚨 celebrate 10 years of # imsibiza on friday , may 26th !", "tickets : bit .", "ly / daltvila2017 https : / / t . co / 8i … thank you to trax magazine for featuring me in their 20th anniversary special edition !", "check it out here on .", "traxmag .", "com / y1ql .", "@ misskittinmusic and i are incredibly honored to be able to continue the success of our \" ride \" … instagram .", "com / p / brv1cpwa22b / make sure you peep \" stuff in the trunk \" w / @ misskittinmusic if you haven ' t yet !", "- - - > soundcloud .", "com / themartinezbro … update required to play the media you will need to either update your browser to a recent version or update your < a href = \" http : / / get .", "adobe .", "com / flashplayer / \" target = \" _ blank \" > flash plugin < / a > . . @ panpotofficial will be joined by @ misskittinmusic @ stephanhinzlive @ theclintstewart + + bit .", "ly / p - plineup !", "https : / / t . co … misskittin posted a # phhhoto phhhoto .", "com / i / 0fjcy1n3oef pic .", "twitter .", "com / vhhmrtinca misskittin posted a # phhhoto phhhoto .", "com / i / trbtb1n3nty pic .", "twitter .", "com / vmykrllycr mr & mrs brown 🐻 @ a thiron gardais instagram .", "com / p / _ mbf _ hidy8 / wood @ a thiron gardais instagram .", "com / p / _ maagpodxv / singing live # resteravectoi with @ filsducalvaire jawdivision @ france inter instagram .", "com / p / _ h - m3rid3d / misskittinmanagement @ miles - theagency .", "com nathalie blue , nathalie @ primarytalent .", "com laetitia descouens , laetitia @ decked - out .", "co . uk ryan saltzman , ryan @ thebullittagency .", "com matthew hoag , mhoag @ thebullittagency .", "com <EOS>" ]

[ [ "critical reception", "jason birchmeier of allmusic described the album \" as awholehearted appeal to the more respectable and long - standing techno establishment , \" that proves her status \" as a dj rather than an electroclash diva , \" having \" both the technical skills as well as the creativity to complement her unquestionably novel personality . \"" ] ]

[ "< EOT > the second album for local edm act rufus becomes their second set to debut at the top of the aria albums chart , as “ bloom ” takes root at the no .", "1 spot this week .", "“ bloom ” becomes the 604th no .", "1 album for aria ( 1983 to 2015 ) , plus we hit a milestone as the new chart - topping album becomes the 400th set to debut in the top spot , whilst as it is the second no .", "1 album for rufus , it is also the second # 1 for the record label ‘ sweat it out ’ , as the first album for the act “ atlas ” debuted and peaked at no .", "1 on the 19th of august back in 2013 . rufus are now tied with three other acts who have also racked up two # 1 albums and two weeks at the top this decade on the list of ‘ accumulated weeks at no .", "1 : albums , 2010 ’ s ’ with madonna , boy & bear and 5 seconds of summer , who are also the last australian act to take both of their albums straight in at no .", "1 , just like rufus have done this week .", "although the album sold poorly , rufus gained a fan in stevie wonder thanks to their cover of his \" maybe your baby . \"", "wonder gave them a new composition , the slowly grinding \" tell me something good , \" that he ' d written specifically with khan ' s vocal style in mind .", "pulled as a single from their second album , 1974 ' s rags to rufus , \" tell me something good \" was a top five smash that turned khan into a star ; she also co - wrote the r & b chart - topping follow - up , \" you got the love . \"", "clearly , the band had found its niche , and a number of personnel shifts ensued : stockert left , belfield was replaced by bobby watson , and ciner was replaced by tony maiden .", "their funk sensibility thus bolstered , rufus returned with a strong new album before year ' s end , rufusized , which spawned two more hits in \" once you get started \" and \" please pardon me ( you remind me of a friend ) . \"", "the billing on 1975 ' s rufus featuring chaka khan made the singer ' s star power official , and produced one of the group ' s biggest hits in the r & b number one \" sweet thing . \"", "dave \" hawk \" wolinski joined as a second keyboardist for 1977 ' s mellower ask rufus ( the hit was \" at midnight ( my love will lift you up ) \" ) , and william \" moon \" calhoun replaced drummer fischer on 1978 ' s street player .", "with the rubens taking out the top spot on this years triple j hottest 100 for 2015 , their parent album “ hoops ” returns to the chart this week at no .", "15 , and tame impala had quite a few tracks within the countdown also , two within the top 5 actually , which helps their “ currents ” album to rebound twenty - four places this week to no .", "16 . two further eagles collections also jump up this week , with “ selected works 1972 - 1999 ” rising thirteen spots to no .", "22 and “ the very best of ” climbing ten to no .", "33 . kendrick lamar got his “ king kunta ” ( tw - 32 ) track at # 2 on the jjj listing for last year , and that helps his album “ to pimp a butterfly ” to rise twelve to no .", "25 and ‘ greatest hits ” sets for fleetwood mac ( # 28 ) and red hot chili peppers ( 50 to 29 ) are also back up and into the top 30 . cold chisel rise back into the fifty at no .", "35 with “ the best of – all for you ” , the vamps just toured here , and their recent second album “ wake up ” ( hp - 23 ) returns to the top 50 at no .", "36 , whilst the new and first top 30 hit for twenty one pilots helps their album “ blurryface ” to leaps back up ten spots to no .", "39 , whilst returning to the top 50 at no .", "45 is nirvana with “ nevermind ” .", "further albums that feel the jjj effect are “ limit of love ” for boy & bear ( returns to t50 at # 32 ) , “ that ’ s the spirit ” by bring me the horizon ( back in at # 40 ) , courtney barnett with “ sometimes i sit and think …” which landed three songs within the j ’ s top 100 ( 47 to 43 ) , re - entering at no .", "46 is “ peace is the mission ” for major lazer and back into the fifty at no .", "49 are gang of youths with “ the positions ” .", "i meet rufus wainwright for lunch in london a week after the funeral of his mother , the folk singer kate mcgarrigle , and he is still undone by the shock of grief – now tearful , now dissolving into his high camp laugh – raw - nerved in red clogs , skinny jeans and an old t - shirt , trying to keep himself in check with drawled ironies .", "anyone who has followed the tortured and overlapping autobiographies of the wainwright family in song , a confessional love story that has also involved the absent father ( loudon wainwright iii , who walked out on mcgarrigle when rufus was three ) and the rival diva sister , martha , will know that it has always been a drama with oedipal subtexts .", "loudon , who originally welcomed his son into the world with the song \" rufus is a tit man \" , said recently in an interview that he pushed to move rufus to a boarding school in his early teens \" just to get him away from his mother \" .", "the four of them were reunited briefly at kate ' s hospital bedside before she died , along with her singing sisters anna and jane , and closest friend emmylou harris .", "following the release of street player , khan made what was perhaps an inevitable move into solo recording with the release of her debut , chaka ; despite scoring a significant hit with \" i ' m every woman , \" she remained an official member of rufus .", "still , the band ' s next album , numbers , was recorded without her , and upon its release in 1979 , it stiffed .", "khan was back on board later that year for masterjam , produced by quincy jones , and the band ( featuring new drummer john \" j . r . \" robinson ) was back on top of the r & b charts with \" do you love what you feel . \"", "however , khan split again for 1980 ' s party ' til you ' re broke , and although she returned for 1981 ' s camouflage , rufus ' chart fortunes were slipping away .", "the george duke - produced , khan - less seal in red bombed , but khan returned for one last go - round on 1983 ' s stompin ' at the savoy , a double - record set featuring three sides of live material and one side of new studio recordings .", "one of those new songs , \" ain ' t nobody , \" became rufus ' final number one r & b hit , and also won a grammy , allowing the group to end its career on a high note .", "her contract up , khan finally left for good afterwards and became a superstar thanks to a cover of prince ' s \" i feel for you . \"", "~ steve huey after a single week back at the top last week adele and her “ 25 ” album drops back to no .", "2 this week ( and with sia ’ s new album out now adele might not return for a few more weeks yet after which is rihanna and kanye ’ s new album respectively ) , which also pushes “ blackstar ” by david bowie down one spot to no .", "3 this week .", "and by staying in the top 10 for a third week it also becomes david ’ s longest running studio album since his 1984 set “ tonight ” ( hp - 4 ) which also notched up three weeks within the ten , whilst his collection “ nothing has changed : the best of ” is back up one spot to no .", "4 and also lodging a third week in the ten , plus his top 100 tally has halved this week from eighteen last week to only nine albums within the hundred this week .", "rufus grew out of the chicago band the american breed , which had a hit in 1968 with the oldies - radio staple \" bend me , shape me . \"", "guitarist al ciner , bassist chuck colbert , drummer lee graziano , and keyboardist kevin murphy had all played in the band at one time or another before forming a new group , originally called smoke , with vocalists paulette mcwilliams and james stella .", "stella was quickly replaced by lead vocalist / songwriter / keyboardist ron stockert , and colbert by bassist dennis belfield ; the group changed its name to ask rufus , which was later shortened to rufus .", "in 1972 , drummer andre fischer - - another former american breed member - - replaced graziano , and a young female vocalist named chaka khan ( born yvette marie stevens ) replaced mcwilliams .", "although khan ' s dynamic stage presence helped this version of the band take off , stockert was still the guiding force when they signed with abc in 1973 , and he lent a more pop / rock flavor to the group ' s self - titled debut , released later that year .", "rufus does judy returns in june with two dates at carnegie hall in new york and two dates at the luminato festival in toronto .", "rufus will be performing the entire classic album . . . flo rida leaps into the top 50 to land at no .", "27 with his new track “ my house ” and twenty one pilots score their first top 50 hit this week as “ stressed out ” ( # 4 in us & canada ) jumps in at no .", "29 . with the new sia album “ this is acting ” out on friday ( 29th jan ) the album track “ cheap thrills ” becomes the third top 50 hit from the album by debuting on the chart at no .", "33 this week after “ alive ” ( hp - 10 ) and “ bird set free ” ( hp - 36 ) , and g - eazy with bebe rexha take their song “ me , myself & i ” into land at no .", "41 .", "“ purpose ” by justin bieber is also down one spot to no .", "5 and the second new entry to the top 10 this week is the fifteenth studio album for metal act megadeth entitled “ dystopia ” , which enters at no .", "6 and instantly becomes the bands highest charting album in australia and their second to make it into the top 10 , as their only other entry - to - the - ten was with their sixth album “ youthanasia ” ( hp - 9 , peaked mid - november 1994 ) , and overall this becomes their twelfth albums chart entry here ( 11 studio and 1 live set ) .", "last weeks highest new entry for panic !", "at the disco of “ death of a bachelor ” ( hp - 3 ) drops eight this week to no .", "11 and leaving the top 10 for the first time is elvis presley with “ if i can dream ” ( hp - 1x2 , wi10 - 12 ) which is down five to no .", "12 , whilst the third and final departed album is “ best of bowie ” ( hp - 6 , wi10 - 2 ) for david bowie which drops twenty places to no .", "26 . dropping six spots each are the self - titled album for jess & matt and meghan trainor ’ s “ title ” to no .", "27 and no .", "30 respectively .", "vance joy drops seven to no .", "34 with “ dream your life away ” and down nine to no .", "38 is the tracy chapman “ greatest hits ” set .", "the twelfth man falls sixteen to no .", "41 with “ the very best of richie ” and the x - factor 2015 winner cyrus sees his self - titled album drop ten to no .", "42 . chris brown is down nine to no .", "47 with “ royalty ” , enya and her “ dark sky island ” drops eighteen to no .", "48 and “ coming home ” for leon bridges is down nineteen to no .", "50 this week .", "rufus - rags to rufus - amazon .", "com music this item : rags to rufus by rufus audio cd $ 7 .", "93 the very best of rufus by rufus audio cd $ 7 .", "93 stream rags to rufus by rufus and tens of millions of other songs on all your devices with amazon music unlimited .", "exclusive discount for prime members .", "rufus is bringing prima donna symphonic visual concert to the philharmonie in paris on june 10th , 2017 . in march , rufus will combine prima donna : a symphonic visual concert along with selections from . . . in march 2017 , rufus will combine prima donna : a symphonic visual concert along with selections from rufus does judy for two nights only in australia & new zealand .", "don ’ t miss this unique . . . rufus is coming to scotland november 18th - 20th with stops in strathpeffer , perth , and aberdeen .", "special guest hidden cameras will be joining rufus in perth & aberdeen only .", "tickets go on sale friday . . . rufus will be doing a run of shows throughout spain from october 14th through the 20th .", "rufus will be playing in girona , sant cugat , gijón , vigo , and murcia .", "tickets are on sale . . . today we are releasing the newly remastered rufus does judy at carnegie hall vinyl in a bundle including a judy t - shirt and vip laminate from the show .", "for the ultimate rufus fan , . . . we ’ ve added new merch items to the rufus wainwright store including prima donna vinyl , poses vinyl , rufus wainwright ( self titled ) vinyl and some vintage items .", "or try your luck at one of . . . one of the changes that has already happened , rufus suggests , is that \" martha has shifted , as only women know how to , straight into my mother ' s place .", "she has seamlessly become the matriarch in a way ; like she ' s already insisting on picking me up from the airport , which my mother always did … \" rufus , as he has never been slow to acknowledge , has a mostly healthy dislike of being outshone by his sister , and perhaps that is one of the reasons why fatherhood now seems very much on his mind , too . \"", "we ' re exploring all options , sort of , at the moment , \" he says , \" and it ' s very top secret but it ' s certainly something i ' m ­ thinking of . \"", "rags to rufus ( album version ) [ feat .", "chaka khan ] rags to rufus ( album version ) [ feat .", "chaka khan ] sydney dance trio rufus took a chance when they moved to berlin for two months to record their new album in an airbnb with a makeshift , diy studio .", "sydney dance trio rufus introduced their own personal epic innerbloom to their live set months ahead of it finding a home on their second album bloom .", "the album launched four singles ( take me , desert night , sundream , tonight ) and entered the aria chart at no .", "1 . staggered international releases saw rufus build a strong fanbase in the us and europe , where they ’ d find themselves touring heavily .", "electronic dreamers . . . will rufus outsell david bowie and adele next week to score a second no .", "1 album ?", "picture : jack lawrencesource : supplied oh , wait .", "i guess i forgot to mention that rufus wainwright deserves it .", "on his 1998 self - titled debut , wainwright managed to pull together myriad strands and meld them into a grand , cohesive vision .", "and now , with poses , he takes that vision and refines it , resulting in an epic album that speaks with grand gestures and a refined eloquence rare in young songwriters .", "the album ' s title track stands as one of wainwright ' s finest songs , with an aching melody and spartan piano backing .", "it also illustrates how far his voice has come since his debut .", "he ' s become far more expressive in the last few years and his voice is a bit less of an acquired taste than it used to be .", "the funky \" shadows \" is coated in thickly layered vocal harmonies that betray a definite debt to vocal jazz , though the swelling strings might sound a little more at home on the saturday night fever soundtrack .", "still , it ' s pretty fantastic stuff , and rufus takes pains to breathe life into his frankensteins , never letting them degenerate into limp genre exercises .", "rüfüs du sol is on their way to becoming a household name in electronic music .", "the trio hailing from sydney , australia released their second album bloom earlier this year , and have been riding out the strength of the album on a world tour , hitting everywhere from coachella to red rocks , around the world and back again .", "recently , 303 had the opportunity to sit down and discuss everything from australia ’ s new lockout laws to denny ’ s with the the electronic act , composed of singer and guitarist tyrone lindqvist , keyboardist jon george and drummer james hunt before they took the stage in anticipation of their two night stay at the gothic theater .", "charlie puth released his album “ nine track mind ” on friday , and before the album makes its debut next week , he lands a third top 5 single in australia this week as “ one call away ” leaps up seven places to no .", "4 , following on from “ marvin gaye ” ( # 4 ) and “ see you again ” ( # 1 ) both from april 2015 . and with two songs leaping into the top 5 its pushes last weeks songs down this week , with “ all my friends ” for snakehips , “ lush life ” for zara larsson ( now gold ) and “ ex ’ s & oh ’ s ” for elle king all dropping two places apiece to five , six and seven respectively .", "ian “ molly ” meldrum was in the news this past week after taking a spill in bangkok , but he also celebrated his birthday too , and the upcoming mini - series based on his countdown years sees its soundtrack “ molly ” rise up three places to a new peak of no .", "7 whilst on hold at no .", "8 and no .", "9 this week are “ x ” for ed sheeran and “ 1989 ” by taylor swift respectively .", "and after 20 weeks in the top 50 ( 63 wks within the 100 ) the eagles collection “ the complete greatest hits ” is up four places to a new peak of no .", "10 after last weeks passing of co - founder glenn frey , and the album now becomes the bands tenth top 10 album here .", "rufusized by rufus audio cd $ 8 .", "99 this was one of my favorite albums of all time !", "rufus put out two albums in 1974 and i think this one had the best songs .", "the quality of the remastering was fantastic and the price was right .", "i will return to this vendor as i am in the process of replacing cd ' s that have been lost over the years .", "in honour of montreal ’ s 375th and canada ’ s 150th anniversary , rufuswainwright presents our lady of the harbour : a night celebrating the great tradition of canadian artists .", "on august 16 & 17 , 2017 , rufus . . . new york , ny – april 28th , 2017 grammy - nominated singer , songwriter and composer rufus wainwright has teamed up with charity the art of elysium and its new fully philanthropic production company and video . . . to my closest fans , from september 21 through september 25 , i ’ ll be hosting wainwright libre , rufus in havana .", "i ' ll be staying at the melia miramar hotel and we will get a . . . today we ’ ve added four brand new items to the rufus wainwright merch store .", "with all new designs , these items are perfect for the winter season or even year - round use .", "wear these proudly . . . come to a unique and festive christmas show , full of family and friends !", "starring rufus , martha and the magnificent emmylou harris , nashville noel nights arrives at ryman auditorium , december 18th and 19th . . . see rufus sing ‘ hallelujah ’ with 1 , 500 choir !", "choir !", "choir !", "singers .", "the legendary rufus wainwright and martha wainwright ’ s christmas show , “ noel nights , ” has entertained audiences all across north america .", "featuring three generations of the wainwright and mcgarrigle families along with emmylou harris and . . . “ we thought that some of the audiences might use that time to go and get a drink or go to the bathroom because they didn ’ t know the song , ” rufus frontman tyrone lindqvist admits .", "cut to rufus on the falls festival circuit this past new year ’ s eve , with a wild reception that arguably was more rapturous than international headliners bloc party .", "packed house . . . rufus perform on stage .", "picture : xingerxangersource : supplied in america ( where they ’ re known as rufus du sol after a name clash ) they ’ ll play the prestigious coachella festival in april , with the band keen to see the reformed lcd soundsystem .", "“ they ’ re modern pioneers of dance music being played live , ” lindqvist says .", "the farewell became , as rufus recalls , inevit ­ ably , an impromptu performance : \" we sang to her as she lay there … as we were having this jamboree , her breathing became more laboured and she made a moaning noise .", "one of the nurses said this could go on for four days and we had already exhausted the back catalogue .", "then kate breathed a little differently , it was like she was saying , ' hold on , i ' m going to end this show ' , and she died .", "i was looking right into her face , her eyes were open , and my aunt jane was holding her hand .", "it was an amazing experience . . . \" rufus wainwright : ' i didn ' t know i was so very sad , but there it was in the melody . '", "photograph : kevin westenberg martha wainwright came to visit her mother in montreal on the day she died but had to leave before the end , to get back to feed her son who was still in hospital . \"", "she got on the plane , \" rufus recalls , \" and arcangelo was a very , very quiet baby but apparently he screamed all that night , for five hours , and then he suddenly stopped , and the moment after he stopped was the moment i called brad , martha ' s husband , to say mum had passed away . \"", "rufus wainwright has quite the life .", "after he cut his first demo with producer pierre marchand , his father , canadian folk . . . rufus wainwright has quite the life .", "after he cut his first demo with producer pierre marchand , his father , canadian folk giant loudon wainwright iii , passed it on to legendary arranger van dyke parks , who in turn saw that it found its way to dreamworks executive lenny waronker .", "with a simple glance at the dreamworks logo on the back of poses , i trust you can connect the dots for yourself .", "if only it could be that easy for everyone , right ?", "poses opens and closes with the tin pan alley tribute \" cigarettes and chocolate milk , \" recalling some of the divine comedy ' s more playful moments with its ode to subtle addictions and the way our compulsions rule our lives ( \" if i should buy jellybeans / i have to eat them all in just one sitting \" ) .", "in between , we get everything from a ouija board session with the ghost of jeff buckley ( \" the consort \" ) to the faithful and endearing cover of loudon ' s classic \" one man guy \" that proves rufus has at least a touch of dad ' s folk roots in him .", "one of the most commercially successful funk groups of the ' 70s , the multi - racial rufus are today best remembered for launching the career of soul diva chaka khan , whose fiery lead vocals were easily the band ' s focal point .", "powered by khan - - who was eventually billed in addition to the group - - and an unerring sense of groove , rufus scored an impressive string of hit singles on both the pop and r & b charts , which lasted through the ' 70s and up to khan ' s official departure in 1983 . includes free mp3 version of this album .", "you got the love ( album version ) [ feat .", "chaka khan ] you got the love ( album version ) [ feat .", "chaka khan ] i got the right street ( but the wrong direction ) ( album version ) [ feat .", "chaka khan ] i got the right street ( but the wrong direction ) ( album version ) [ feat .", "chaka khan ] walkin ' in the sun ( album version ) [ feat .", "chaka khan ] walkin ' in the sun ( album version ) [ feat .", "chaka khan ] swing down chariot ( album version ) [ feat .", "chaka khan ] swing down chariot ( album version ) [ feat .", "chaka khan ] sideways ( album version ) [ feat .", "chaka khan ] sideways ( album version ) [ feat .", "chaka khan ] ain ' t nothin ' but a maybe ( album version ) [ feat .", "chaka khan ] ain ' t nothin ' but a maybe ( album version ) [ feat .", "chaka khan ] look through my eyes ( album version ) [ feat .", "chaka khan ] look through my eyes ( album version ) [ feat .", "chaka khan ] in love we grow ( album version ) [ feat .", "chaka khan ] in love we grow ( album version ) [ feat .", "chaka khan ] smokin ' room ( album version ) [ feat .", "chaka khan ] smokin ' room ( album version ) [ feat .", "chaka khan ] bought the album when it first came out .", "when it came out on cd , i bought it again .", "this one was for someone else .", "on the eve of the 400th anniversary of shakespeare ’ s death , i ’ m honored to announce that take all my loves – 9 shakespeare sonnets is out today !", "the album is a collection of . . . when released last november as a rather lengthy taster for their new album , innerbloom even subversively landed in the singles chart at no .", "65 . their debut album , 2013 ’ s atlas also spawned three triple j hottest 100 nods .", "listening back to the album , the trio spotted a central theme in the lyrics — missing loved ones through constant touring and the decompression of coming home after so long away and picking up on relationships .", "“ i would suggest that for anyone .", "we put out the first album on a major label in the states , they have strengths and weaknesses like anyone .", "but in terms of what works for us at a band , a label that can move faster , a smaller machine that can cover more ground and be more adaptable is the one i ’ d definitely advise going with .", "that ’ s how sweat it out works for us in australia .", "if something happens they can adapt , if something doesn ’ t go right it doesn & apos ; t have to go ahead .", "with a major label when there ’ s a decision made by the machine there ’ s that many more cogs it has to go through to stop the process if something goes wrong .", "” “ the biggest challenge in writing the record is making something you can walk away saying you ’ re 100 per cent certain you love it .", "we have all walked away going ‘ wow ’ and giving each other high fives .", "we made exactly what we wanted to make .", "that took a lot of work , a lot of moments where we never thought we ’ d finish it , and we all agree we love it .", "if it goes well on the chart that ’ s great , but you don ’ t want to pin everything on that if you put an album out that doesn ’ t do well and you ’ re proud of that as well .", "i ’ m already satisfied .", "” because he has had more than three years to contemplate the passing of his mother – she was first diagnosed with a rare form of liver cancer in the summer of 2006 – wainwright has already had the chance to unpack some of his grief in music , and few songwriters are better equipped to find those extremes – from mournful melody to show - must - go - on production number .", "he is in london to prepare , at sadler ' s wells , for what must feel now a little like a double - bill requiem involving a staging of his first opera , prima donna , and the beginning of a tour that will debut his new album , all days are nights : songs for lulu .", "in both cases the music was shadowed by his mother ' s illness , and counterpointed with the first contented long - term ­ relationship of a promiscuous and mostly unhappy romantic life , with the theatre producer jörn ­ weisbrodt .", "one of his responses to the stresses of staging the opera – he clashed spectacularly , he suggests , with the director and conductor of the manchester staging – was to get back to his first love , writing at the piano .", "songs for lulu ( \" an eerie album , essentially my mourning while my mother was still alive \" ) grows out of the haunting lyric for a song called \" zebulon \" ( \" my mother ' s in the hospital , my sister ' s at the opera / i ' m in love again , but let ' s not talk about it … \" ) and includes three shakespeare sonnets , set memorably to music ; but it is also , wainwright says , something of a homage to his former party - loving and addicted self – lulu – seen from the vantage of hard - won sobriety .", "when wainwright was working with shakespeare ' s sonnets , he says – he was asked to help create a theatrical cycle of them for the berliner ensemble – he found all sorts of echoes of these kinds of experiences in them .", "one of the sonnets he includes on his album is sonnet 10 , \" for shame deny that thou bear ' st love to any \" , and he didn ' t need to research the scholarly opinion on the \" poet \" , the \" dark lady \" and the \" beautiful boy \" to understand that this was the first great coming - out poem in the english language . \"", "i knew immediately , instinctively , that this was the point where the poet first admits his love for the boy .", "and it is sort of the beginning of the avalanche .", "i remembered that moment very well … \" wainwright ' s opera , prima donna , runs at sadler ' s wells from 12 - 17 april .", "his sixth studio album , all days are nights : songs for lulu is released on 5 april \" tower of learning \" is more impressive still , opening wide up in the second verse over programmed beats in an arrangement that looms over the rest of the album .", "barring the reprise of \" cigarettes and chocolate milk , \" poses is closed on a somber note with the beautifully simple \" in a graveyard , \" a soulful reflection on moribund themes that momentarily leaves the oboes and strings at the door for a direct heart - to - heart with the listener .", "listen to any song , anywhere with amazon music unlimited .", "learn more your amazon music account is currently associated with a different marketplace .", "to enjoy prime music , go to your music library and transfer your account to amazon .", "com ( us ) .", "free 5 - 8 business - day shipping within the u . s . when you order $ 25 of eligible items sold or fulfilled by amazon .", "or get 4 - 5 business - day shipping on this item for $ 3 .", "98 .", "( prices may vary for ak and hi . )", "only 19 left in stock ( more on the way ) .", "ships from and sold by amazon .", "com .", "gift - wrap available .", "please enter a valid us zip code .", "please enter a valid us zip code .", "shipping to a apo / fpo / dpo ?", "please add the address to your address book .", "make sure you include the unit and box numbers ( if assigned ) .", "comment : all discs are inspected and guaranteed .", "all dispatched with 1 - 3 working days from the uk provided by amazon digital services llc .", "terms and conditions .", "does not apply to gift orders .", "complete your purchase to save the mp3 version to your music library .", "free 5 - 8 business - day shipping within the u . s . when you order $ 25 of eligible items sold or fulfilled by amazon .", "or get 4 - 5 business - day shipping on this item for $ 3 .", "98 .", "( prices may vary for ak and hi . )", "on orders over $ 25 — or get free two - day shipping with amazon prime only 19 left in stock ( more on the way ) .", "ships from and sold by amazon .", "com .", "gift - wrap available .", "one of these items ships sooner than the other .", "show details only 19 left in stock ( more on the way ) .", "ships from and sold by amazon .", "com .", "free shipping on orders over $ 25 . details ships from and sold by amazon .", "com .", "free shipping on orders over $ 25 . details ships from and sold by amazon .", "com .", "free shipping on orders over $ 25 . details this shopping feature will continue to load items .", "in order to navigate out of this carousel please use your heading shortcut key to navigate to the next or previous heading .", "your cost could be $ 0 .", "00 instead of $ 7 .", "93 !", "get a $ 50 amazon .", "com gift card instantly upon approval for the amazon rewards visa card apply now tell me something good [ feat .", "chaka khan ] tell me something good [ feat .", "chaka khan ] sold by amazon digital services llc .", "additional taxes may apply .", "by placing your order , you agree to our terms of use .", "average customer review : 4 .", "5 out of 5 stars 43 customer reviews it is ageless .", "stands the test of time .", "still a brilliant sounding today as it was back then .", "still one of my favourite cd ' s . 0comment | 3 people found this helpful .", "was this review helpful to you ?", "yesnoreport abuse 0comment | 2 people found this helpful .", "was this review helpful to you ?", "yesnoreport abuse it was a bit crackly , but i kinda expected that for the price .", "killer record !", "thanks for getting it to me so fast !", "ok cd not a lot of funky music .", "and the songs remind me of her .", "but think of her all the time .", "0comment | one person found this helpful .", "was this review helpful to you ?", "yesnoreport abuse young chaka khan at her best .", "amazon giveaway allows you to run promotional giveaways in order to create buzz , reward your audience , and attract new followers and customers .", "learn more about amazon giveaway pages with related products .", "see and discover other items : high quality beach towels , jacquard bath towels , clearance towels , nautical bath towels , nautical beach towel , turkish beach there ' s a problem loading this menu right now .", "learn more about amazon prime .", "prime members enjoy free two - day shipping and exclusive access to music , movies , tv shows , original audio series , and kindle books .", "james hunt : it definitely feels like a perfect storm in a way this year because we ’ ve been coming to the u . s for four or five years , and this might be our eighth or ninth time in [ colorado ] .", "but it seems like this year having new material , coming out and sort of having a group of people who might have seen us play and maybe told their friends about it and then … it seems to have all culminated and it feels really amazing over here right now .", "jon george : i think the two biggest things was the odesza tour , which really opened us up to a bunch of new audiences by playing right before them each night .", "they have such a loyal following ; [ the fans ] get there so early and get exposed to new music , and yeah , we were able to show what we ’ re all about to a lot of new fans and then signing with their label was also another big factor that actually helped that same growth .", "i think [ james ] was saying the perfect storm was for those festival slots that we did , where all of them were just in really good positions , so we were playing in front of a bunch of people who may have heard of us .", "perhaps they were curious , or through word of mouth heard that maybe they should come to the show or were just walking past a the right time , and so all of those things just meant we were being opened up to a bunch of new audiences , and they had never seen too much of electronic music done live , but we were met with a lot of positivity .", "tyrone lindqvist : i reckon a lot of it has to do with the fact that it ’ s so far away from everything else .", "it ’ s like when you ’ re in europe and the u . s . , there ’ s so many big territories that you can travel to and play – and so many different cultures influenced musically .", "in australia , there ’ s one radio station that gets played nationwide called triple j , and they play all types of music – like they were one of the first radio stations to play nwa “ fuck the police ” early on .", "they kind of play any and everything , and they really have a strong backing for australian music and , i don ’ t know , i think a lot of the kids growing up and the adults listen to it – all ages , listen to this radio station and they are inherently influenced by a wide scope of music to not just one genre , maybe that has a lot to do with the sound .", "303 : there ’ s a lot of major electronic artists that come form australia , from flume to the presets , and cut copy .", "jg : we were influenced by the presets and cut copy in the sense that we wanted to put on a much more live electronic sound , and we really were curious about that when we first began , like what the possibilities were .", "we ’ ve always been adapting and seeing how we can make the show as big as possible , and in particular , how we write our music ; we think about the live aspect after the fact , and that ’ s a really fun thing that we first saw capitalized by those bands .", "jh : the first thing that comes to mind was when we played osheaga earlier in the year .", "we were lucky enough to , through our booking agent , see radiohead ’ s closing set of the festival from the front of house tent and it was sort of the perfect acoustic scenario .", "that was the most spine - tingling thing i ’ ve ever seen .", "i ’ m a huge radiohead fan as well , and they played all the songs i wanted to hear , but there was this one moment when they played “ karma police , ” at the end they kept looping the chords , and [ thom yorke ] stepped away from the microphone and the whole crowd sang those words “… for a minute i lost myself , ” a hundred thousand people singing those words , and it was like yeah , i did [ laughs ] .", "tl : we actually started writing it in berlin , and i feel that we are really influenced by our environment when we write .", "we wrote our first record on the coastline of australia , and that was kind of sun - soaked , we went to the beach a lot and it kind of influenced the sound .", "for [ bloom ] , we were in berlin , and got a chance to go out and listen to some techno in the clubs .", "it was a totally different environment to australia .", "the clubs don ’ t really shut , they stay open and the people , the language barrier , everything was different .", "we set ourselves up in an airbnb situation , made our own makeshift studio in there and started the writing process , and we went into it without too much of a plan .", "we had been touring for two years on the last record and we were hungry to write , so we kind of bunkered in the airbnb , wrote and any time we lacked inspiration , we see who ’ d be playing , go out at 3 a . m . , and come back hungry to write again .", "jh : we ’ ve definitely adapted since we put our first record out and we started doing more international touring .", "it ’ s kind of been a gradual growth .", "this year , we ’ ve probably been away from sydney for 70 % of the year , so it ’ s pretty much our whole lives .", "we ’ ve actually been doing a bus tour this time , and it ’ s been the most luxurious way of doing it .", "it ’ s our first bus tour .", "we used to do just vans and flying , you ’ d wake up and play a show , go to sleep , wake up early get your flight or do a long drive , and essentially you ’ re awake for the whole experience – and that ’ s the way most artists experience touring , but we managed to make it work with the routing to do a bus this time .", "tl : so basically the party keeps going on the bus with all your crew and it ’ s a big happy family .", "you can go to bed when you want , cold beers and whatever you need .", "it ’ s great !", "this is definitely the most sleep we ’ ve gotten on a tour , and you wake up feeling pretty great .", "jg : you get to actually get to go and see the cities and do some fun activities , and remain healthier too .", "we get to make time to work out every day and [ don ’ t have to ] eat out of service stations , or denny ’ s [ laughs ] .", "jh : we ’ d definitely like to mix up the shows as much as we can .", "there ’ s definitely material on the back burner that doesn ’ t always make it into the set , and we ’ ve got to keep in mind some people will be coming both nights , so we ’ ll mix it up and play some different songs .", "jg : being a two - night stand , we ’ ll definitely wine and dine you a little more .", "we ’ re definitely going to try and spread some material over both nights , and before we start a show , we always talk about the set list , and particularly being a two night in a row , we ’ re going to make sure we have some fun in different ways .", "303 : you guys could probably book six nights and sell them all out .", "we love electronic music here .", "jh : it ’ s a really good culture for it out here , really great .", "jg : it ’ s also our favorite time of year out here as well , and denver is definitely one of our favorite cities in america .", "be sure to check out rüfus du sol tonight for night two at the gothic theater .", "tickets can be purchased here .", "all photography by will sheehan .", "born in ann arbor , raised in colorado , and educated at the university of arizona , kori is music industry zealot and a staff music writer at 303 magazine .", "an adventurer at heart , kori is passionate about live music and enjoys traveling and experiencing live music across the country .", "from pitchfork to coachella , kanye west to the chemical brothers and everything in between , there ' s no limit to the live music kori is willing experience - so long as it ' s good .", "kori is also an avid pop songwriter , a guacamole enthusiast , a moscow mule connoisseur , and a former track and field athlete now competing for the hearts of america - one article at a time .", "come get lost in the lights : https : / / www .", "instagram .", "com / kovoho / your email address will not be published .", "notify me of follow - up comments by email .", "notify me of new posts by email .", "i ’ m very happy to announce my february in florida tour !", "i ’ ll be performing in orlando , miami , tallahassee , and clearwater february 7 , 8 , 11 , and 14th .", "tickets go on sale friday , july 28th . . . in honor of the 150th anniversary of canada , i ’ m excited to announce northern stars ; an evening of curated songs by canadian artists beloved by the state of california and beyond .", "believe it . . . friday night i am performing at the lgbt gala and dinner with hillary and chelsea clinton , barbra streisand , and special guest laverne cox .", "if you are interested in attending or supporting the . . . next week i am participating in the 70th birthday concert for my dad , loudon wainwright iii , at stephen talkhouse in amagansett , ny .", "click here for information on the event and . . . i ’ ve been overwhelmed with the reaction to the hallelujah video i made with choir !", "choir !", "choir ! .", "due to popular demand , we ’ ve decided to release the audio from this performance to all digital music providers .", "1 , 500 . . . 1 , 500 singers came to the hearn generating station in toronto during luminato festival as part of choir !", "choir !", "choir !", "daveed goldman and nobu adilman taught the singers the backup parts to leonard . . . new site coming soon . . . pitchfork is the most trusted voice in music .", "by : stephen m . deusner the canadian songstress delves into her unique songwriting process - - one spiked with trauma , modesty , and self - doubt .", "she also touches on the rumors surrounding her involvement with power - pop royals the new pornographers , her future within that group , and her opinions on some of her more well - known contemporaries .", "it is simply a beat and a voice , but it is an absolutely brilliant track . . . © 2017 condé nast .", "all rights reserved .", "use of this site constitutes acceptance of our user agreement and privacy policy .", "the material on this site may not be reproduced , distributed , transmitted , cached or otherwise used , except with prior written permission of condé nast .", "cnmn collection when you play a brand new song that ’ s a whisker under 10 minutes long in a live concert you know you ’ re taking a fair risk of attention loss .", "“ but it actually became a real live highlight .", "it gave us a heads up on how the new songs were being received , which was really heartwarming .", "” bloom has already had an impressive head start — first single you were right became their highest - charting hit making no .", "22 last year .", "it also won them their first aria award for best dance release , nudging out flight facilities , alice in wonderland and peking duk “ they ’ re all friends of ours , so it was win - win no matter who won , ” lindqvist says .", "like an animal became the second single from bloom to invade the charts , making no .", "44 on the back of heavy triple j airplay — the three bloom songs are expected to feature heavily in this month ’ s triple j hottest 100 , with you were right a strong possibility to lob in the top 10 . the impressive success comes from the trio ( with keyboardist jon george and drummer james hunt ) putting in serious ground work to become one of australia ’ s most in - demand electronic acts , both on record and in concert .", "it ’ s something they ’ re beginning to repeat overseas .", "the trio quit their day jobs after they ’ d saved up enough money to make atlas the way they wanted it .", "“ we worked on it full time for five months until we bled all our own money away and we had nothing left , ” lindqvist says .", "they ’ d licence some songs for tv ads and movies , but only if it felt right .", "“ any kind of platform that you can make money from doing what you love you ’ re going to value in some respect .", "it doesn ’ t mean our lives are dependent on whether it gets a sync on a commercial or gets in a movie .", "that ’ s just the bonus that keeps you afloat .", "“ when you start out you assume you ’ d say yes to every opportunity because you ’ re so hungry to get out there .", "but we ’ ve got good people around us so we weren ’ t afraid to say no .", "” a visit to berlin saw the trio find the perfect place to cultivatebloom .", "“ we wrote the first record pretty much on the australian coast line in the summer , ” lindqvist says .", "“ that really influenced the record in a way .", "we wanted to go to somewhere totally different to where we ’ d grown up just to mix it up and get new inspiration .", "a lot of our favourite acts are based there , a lot of music we really loved had been come out of berlin , it seemed like the perfect place .", "” the trio are in the rare position of owning their own music and despite the change of scenery , they didn ’ t blow the budget making bloom .", "“ it was a cheap record to make .", "we spent a lot on making the film clips something we ’ re really happy with .", "relocating to berlin for two months , we were just in an air b ’ n ’ b and we made a makeshift diy studio .", "” they ’ d go clubbing in berlin and found the music scene there — artists including david august and the label dynamic — incredibly inspiring .", "“ the djs in clubs over there play things you wouldn ’ t necessarily hear on the radio , it ’ s way more minimal , sonically it ’ s a different take on dance music .", "“ the speakers can cater for the volume they have everything at , so the frequencies of the music are different .", "the kick hits in a different spot , the snare and the hi - hats have a different effect on your body while you ’ re in there .", "percussively on the record that is really influenced how we approached what we did and what we made .", "” innerbloom ’ s key lyric is “ if you want me , if you need me , i ’ m yours ” — written as an off - the - cuff guide lyric but kept in the finish product .", "“ there ’ s a real nakedness in that line , ” lindqvist says .", "“ it ’ s about losing your guard .", "i definitely have cried listening to it , which may sound funny , but it was a really uplifting and cathartic process .", "” “ it ’ s an unintention recurring theme , ” lindqvist says .", "“ coming home , leaving , the relationships between that .", "say a prayer for me is basically saying if you are leaving indefinitely , what would you want the person you ’ re with to feel ?", "we knew that feeling a lot going overseas .", "“ travel is a bittersweet , awesome part of the job .", "you miss the people you love but it ’ s that much more special when you see them when you get home .", "we ’ re given the gift of having a little bit more time when we get back .", "we don ’ t have a lot of commitments , sometimes you ’ re twiddling your thumbs and you can call anyone you know and catch up with them .", "” downtime is about to become a luxury .", "bloom is getting a simultaneous global release this week , while the yotto remix of like an animal is uk dj icon pete tong ’ s essential new tune .", "they ’ ve just signed with us label foreign family collective , run by their friends odesza , which means like their home in australia , sweat it out , they ’ ll be on a boutique label .", "it ' s 3 days out from bloom so we thought we ' d share with you a fresh mix of tracks we love , tracks we ' ve made and a new . . . “ there ’ s so much buzz about australian bands in the us and europe — flight facilities , chet faker , tame impala — it ’ s such a small industry here and we ’ re all friends , it ’ s so cool we ’ re being heard on the other side of the world by such a big number of people .", "” bloom will have to dislodge david bowie or adele to become their second no .", "1 , but while industry sources suggest it won ’ t be an issue , lindqvist won ’ t be on chartwatch .", "claims tom cruise ‘ negligent ’ over deaths on american made o . . . tomb raider poster : photoshop fail prompts hilarious social . . . a note about relevant advertising : we collect information about the content ( including ads ) you use across this site and use it to make both advertising and content more relevant to you on our network and other sites .", "find out more about our policy and your choices , including how to opt - out .", "news limited copyright © 2017 . all times aest ( gmt + 10 ) .", "saturday 20 february 2010 19 .", "46 est first published on saturday 20 february 2010 19 .", "46 est prima donna was originally commissioned by the metropolitan opera in new york , but when they passed up on it ( apparently because they did not expect wainwright to write it in french ) , it had its debut at the manchester festival last summer .", "what gratifies wainwright most about this fact was that it allowed his mother – his most singular and outspoken critic and fan – to see it before she died .", "wainwright , dressed as verdi ( full beard , top hat and cane ) , accompanied her to the premiere , along with jörn ( who came as puccini ) . \"", "i didn ' t say so at the time , obviously , \" he says , \" but while i was writing it my essential feeling was : ' i gotta get this done before my mother dies . '", "\" the night she watched is among his favourite memories of her , one of the last times she seemed fully alive . \"", "what happened to her , \" he recalls , \" was that she had been on several treatments that debilitated her – mostly her feet and her hands so she couldn ' t walk very well .", "but around that time she had received an injury – basically during a treatment a laser had burned her and caused a hole in her intestine .", "in order to heal that , she had to go off all her chemo .", "so she felt great for a while . \"", "they went for walks on the moors and had dinners out in manchester , \" but it was all bittersweet of course because as she was off the chemo the cancer came back full force .", "but she did get to see the opera , and she adored it .", "which , \" he says , with a stagey guffaw , \" was obviously a relief to both of us . \"", "prima donna concerns an ageing opera star , haunted by lost love , who attempts to find her voice for one last performance .", "wainwright came to the story having watched late interviews with maria callas , but he inevitably found all sorts of personal resonances in it .", "having been used to wringing his own heart out on stage – he was fresh from his reincarnation of judy garland ' s legendary concert series at carnegie hall – wainwright had the new experience of watching others express his music .", "the first time he heard the soprano janis kelly sing the part of régine , in rehearsal , he had the sense that everything he had been feeling \" just came back to slap me in the face .", "the thing was i didn ' t know i was so very sad , but there it was in the melody … \" he feared once or twice that his settled relationship with jörn might have a debilitating effect on his gift for tainted love songs , the yearning , nuanced ballads , one part morrissey , one part mahler , with which he made his name . \"", "i wondered if not being in these fatalistic disasters with boys , i would lose this dark lake of pain to drink from .", "but i needn ' t have worried too much , \" he says , with his wild laugh . \"", "in many ways , songs for lulu is a reaffirmation of that persona .", "highly romantic , highly unstable .", "i mean , what i have found is that once you give up on a life , it doesn ' t go away .", "you are always appeasing , or bargaining with , or neglecting that former self , the spirit who used to be behind the wheel , and would like to be still .", "i don ' t cross to that side of the street any more .", "but it is important for me as a healthy person to acknowledge that the demons are still around . \"", "ifirst interviewed wainwright five years ago , near his home in manhattan , and at that time he had not long recovered from a serious addiction to methamphetamine – crystal meth – that had left him blind at one point , and often , he recalled at the time , \" with 20 naked people in my apartment and me in my bathrobe at the piano playing ' cigarettes and chocolate milk ' \" ( one of several hymns to addiction ) .", "his salvations , he said , had been elton john ( who told him to get to a clinic ) and hard work ( a dedication that he shows no signs of giving up on ) .", "when i ask if there are elements of that former life that he still fears , he says , \" oh god , yes , \" quickly . \"", "the demons are still up there on the wall , over my shoulder , with the fucking grin and the sawn - off shotgun , you know , waiting for me to slip up sometime .", "i mean , i sometimes wonder : don ' t they ever get tired ? \"", "it ' s not helpful , he says , to be hard - headed and say he will never go back there . \"", "i don ' t want to put any restrictions on my life whatsoever .", "maybe i ' ll go straight , grow tits , who knows really ?", "what you do find , though , with addiction , is that it is the people with resources , who had enough love in their childhood , who get through .", "it ' s a testament to my mother in particular , and to my father and martha and now my boyfriend , that i can continue to get beyond that . \"", "wainwright has recently become an uncle , to martha ' s prematurely born son , arcangelo , and the experience has left him further in awe of the mysteries of family .", "if arcangelo had not arrived two months early – unexpectedly while martha was in london away from home – his mother would not have seen her first grandson . \"", "i have to watch out not to cry here , \" he says . \"", "but it is hard to not think it was connected to my mother on some kind of level .", "she held him .", "on the one hand , that is beautiful , but it ' s very cruel too .", "it was like these two human beings had this will to connect when every possible thing was conspiring against them .", "it was an incredible joy for my mother .", "that will to love is very powerful .", "but it doesn ' t always win . \"", "when i prompt him about these paternal feelings , he replies with an anecdote . \"", "one time i was hanging out with leonard cohen and his daughter , \" he says . \"", "she was talking about this child she had known as a baby who she hadn ' t seen for a few years and how he was now grown up , and she said to her dad : ' you know , it ' s pretty amazing watching how the baby became a person . '", "leonard looked at her and replied very drily , as only he could : ' you know , it ' s pretty much the only amazing thing there is . '", "\" wainwright laughs loudly . \"", "it ' s clearly not a necessity for everyone , but i feel , you know , i shouldn ' t deny myself all that ­ amazement … \" he has , over the years , certainly done more than his fair share of thinking about the responsibilities that paternity might properly involve .", "his extraordinary song \" dinner at eight \" , in particular , which explores all of his resentment and love toward the father who left the family home , is the most visceral son - to - father lyric i ' ve ever heard .", "he still sometimes cries when he plays it on stage .", "i wonder if his own experience of commitment , with jörn , has given him any greater insight into his parents ' separation all those years ago ? \"", "well , i think i can see it more as a great love story of that time , \" he says . \"", "the late 70s .", "two musicians – it was never going to be easy .", "about two months before my mother died , loudon was doing a show in montreal and she came down and he invited her on stage and afterwards they hung out together , and he said how fun it was to do music with her .", "when she really started to decline he called me and asked if he should come , and she agreed , though unfortunately when he did arrive she was pretty out of it .", "but he was there for her death .", "they didn ' t necessarily hug and say i always loved you or anything , but there was a kind of acknowledgment .", "then the night before her funeral loudon won a grammy , his first , which of course he has been trying to win his entire life , and he dedicated it to kate and thanked her for teaching him to play the banjo . \"", "wainwright pauses . \"", "so that was something . \"", "\" no , \" he says , \" i ' m nothing like either of them .", "it ' s like that if you are gay , anyway , but it ' s a generational thing too .", "my parents were from the only generation in history that had this sustained idyll in a way , the 50s and the 60s and the 70s ; death always seemed a long way off to them .", "my generation , meanwhile , had aids and reagan and the bushes … \" neither of his parents coped at all well with his sexuality , he suggests , at least at first . \"", "my mother , despite her liberal character , was one of the worst transgressors of the teenage coming - out story ; she was really negative , tried to kick me out of the house at one point , when i was 14 . she was scared about aids , of course , but she also held some pretty deep - seated views , you know . \"", "during her illness , he believes that she tried hard to make amends for some of that . \"", "she didn ' t want to talk about my sexuality .", "my father was equally as bad .", "but they liked jörn and they saw he was in love with me and i was in love with him so they both worked hard at that , at welcoming him … \" all the time he is describing this personal history , you can see exactly why wainwright was drawn at an early age to the opera rather than his parents ' folky roots .", "it is hard not to imagine that one day he will make a tristan and isolde of loudon and kate .", "it is not impossible , he suggests , though \" next time i would give myself five years and really go for the jugular .", "prima donna is my kind of love song to opera but it ' s not the full experience .", "and i still think i am at the age where i should have a pop hit rather than a hit opera … \" he has plans first , he says , \" while i just about have my looks \" , to have a go at a stadium tour , \" just to see if i can cut it \" .", "and then , who knows ?", "songs are very much his therapy .", "has he been writing , i wonder , since the funeral ? \"", "well , \" he says , grinning his practised grin , \" a few have been creeping up on me .", "i had this weird experience .", "there is this church that i go to a lot in new york .", "i ' m not religious but i love lighting candles and stuff .", "i find it useful .", "i ' m a big virgin mary queen , i guess ; anyway , this church has a statue in the corner with the virgin and joan of arc and saint bernadette , kind of the original mcgarrigle sisters , i always thought .", "after my mother died i was there , and i went to this corner but noticed there were no candles to light .", "i went to the rectory and this guy says , ' i ' m afraid the church has run out of candles this morning . '", "and it ' s like , bang , ok , here comes the song !", "the church has run out of candles … the chords were all there and everything … \" he laughs . \"", "i really don ' t think the songs will ever stop ­ coming . \"", "© 2017 guardian news and media limited or its affiliated companies .", "all rights reserved .", "pitchfork is the most trusted voice in music .", "of course , it never hurts to have a killer cast of collaborators to help you achieve your vision , and wainwright has certainly assembled one for this record .", "drummer jim keltner ( elvis costello , ry cooder ) returns on the traps , trading off spots with victor indrizzo ( chris cornell , redd kross ) .", "paul weller cohort pete wilson mans the bass , and dennis farias ( burt bacharach ) provides colorful trumpet accents .", "propellerhead alex gifford , ethan johns ( ryan adams , robyn hitchcock ) , and damian legassick ( blur ) combine for production that veers effortlessly from the dark strings of \" evil angel \" to the beat - infused \" tower of learning , \" and widely across a lot of terrain in between .", "it ' s always refreshing to see a recording this singular find its way out the door of a major label , and it ' s heartening to know that wainwright probably has a secure home at dreamworks .", "with poses , he proves that he ' s swinging for the big leagues , and that he has every right to be there .", "danish band lukas graham pick up their first # 1 with 7 years .", "and the aria award goes to . . . the english producer and dj known as jonas blue takes his cover of “ fast car ” featuring dakota to the top of the aria singles chart this week , making it the first new no .", "1 single for 2016 , and also australia becomes the first country to make it a chart - topping song too .", "“ fast car ” becomes the 481st no .", "1 single for aria ( 1983 to 2016 ) , plus the nineteenth for the virgin record label , their last being the november 2012 no .", "1 track “ don ’ t you worry child ” for swedish house mafia .", "“ fast car ” is currently sitting in the top 10 of england , sweden ( both # 3 ) , new zealand ( # 5 ) and ireland ( # 6 ) and just debuted at # 14 in the netherlands .", "another trend that jonas blue has perpetuated is the first no .", "1 single of the year is usually an act with their first chart entry and it becomes their only chart - topping single in australia .", "let me show you what i mean with the below list from 2000 onwards … the missing years were 2003 in which we had christina aguilera , 2006 was chris brown and 2013 was macklemore & ryan lewis with their second of three # 1 ’ s in a row .", "last weeks highest new entry of “ never be like you ” for flume feat kai is up a massive eight places to no .", "2 this week , and last week it became his first top 10 hit in australia , now it also becomes his first top 3 single here , whilst the last # 1 of 2015 of “ love yourself ” by justin bieber drops two places to no .", "3 this week after seven weeks at the top , but it is still the # 1 downloaded track in the country though .", "justin bieber ’ s “ sorry ” is at # 2 on the streaming chart again this week , but within the top 10 it drops a place to no .", "8 , whilst also down one to no .", "9 is dj snake with bipolar sunshine on the track “ middle ” which picks up a platinum sales certification this week , whilst the song at no .", "10 has leapt up eighty places to score a new peak and its first week within the top 10 , “ hoops ” by the rubens , which was voted this past week as the no .", "1 song on the triple j hottest 100 for 2015 , later on i will be going through all of the songs that climb or scored a place in the countdown for last years biggest hits via the j ’ s . selena gomez scores her second highest charting single in australia this week as her new track “ hands to myself ” jumps up seventeen places to no .", "13 , her highest placed track so far is “ good for you ” ( # 10x2 , august 2015 ) .", "l d r u jumps eighteen spots to no .", "14 with “ keeping score ” and kiiara leaps seventeen spots to land at no .", "16 with her track “ gold ” , the only other country charting this song at the moment is denmark , where it debuted at # 18 this past week .", "the current us and canadian top 10 single “ roses ” by the chainsmokers featuring rozes is up a massive twenty spots to land a new peak of no .", "17 . the two tracks leaving the top 10 this week are “ hello ” by adele ( hp - 1x6 , wi10 - 13 ) which is down five places to no .", "11 and the current uk no .", "1 single for a second week is “ stitches ” by shawn mendes ( hp - 4x4 , wi10 - 10 ) which here is down three places to no .", "12 . jb ’ s “ what do you mean ” is down six to no .", "18 ; zara larsson also drops six and is down to no .", "22 this week with “ never forget you ” , whilst wstrn left the top 10 last week with “ in2 ” , which now leaves the top 20 this week , dropping eight to no .", "23 . troye sivan and his “ youth ” are down seven to no .", "24 ( he did perform it on ellen this past week ) and “ here ” by alessia cara tumbles twelve places to no .", "25 , whilst the other “ fast car ” for tobtok and river is down seven spots to no .", "26 this week .", "“ flip it ” for charlotte devaney and snoop dogg falls nine to no .", "30 and down eleven is the weeknd with “ in the night ” and “ lay it all on me ” for rudimental and ed sheeran to no .", "33 and no .", "35 respectively .", "sigala and his “ sweet lovin ” drop twelve to no .", "37 and fleur east with her “ sax ” is down fourteen places to no .", "40 . hilltop hoods don ’ t seem to be going any “ higher ” with their latest track as it is down fifteen to no .", "42 and one direction fall sixteen places this week to no .", "45 with “ perfect ” , rachel platten drops fifteen to no .", "46 with “ stand by you ” and dawin is down ten spots to no .", "48 with his “ dessert ” .", "written , compiled and researched by gavin ryan .", "copyright 2005 - 2017 © aria - australian recording industry association ltd . all rights reserved .", "this browser doesn ' t support spotify web player .", "switch browsers or download spotify for your desktop .", "to play this content , you ' ll need the spotify app .", "you look like someone who appreciates good music .", "listen to all your favourite artists on any device for free or try the premium trial .", "<EOS>" ]

[ [ "history", "rufus was formed in 1969 by kevin murphy and al ciner from the background of two rival bands in chicago . the band was a group in transition by the time they signed their deal with abc in 1972 after a brief period with epic . the biggest change in the group occurred that year when paulette mcwilliams , the group ' s original frontwoman , opted to leave the group and had friend chaka khan , who had provided background vocals as a session singer for the band , replace her as the sole frontwoman . though not entirely focused on khan ' s talents - the band ' s artistic direction was led by singer and multi - instrumentalist ron stockert - khan added something missing from the group , a diverse vocalist . khan was able to perform both in lower and higher octaves and was equipped to singing the group ' s rockier numbers as she had singing slower ballads . the nineteen - year - old khan was born yvette marie stevens and changed her name to chaka ( which was a name given to her by a yoruba baba at 13 years old which means \" fire \" ) . the debut album was recorded throughout 1972 and was released in the spring of 1973 . the album reached # 44 on billboard ' s r & b album and # 175 on pop and included the single releases \" feel good \" ( r & b # 45 ) and \" whoever ' s thrilling you ( is killing me ) \" ( # 40 ) . shortly after this album ' s release and struggling with the group ' s slow climb to success , stockert would leave the band during sessions of the group ' s next album , rags to rufus . by then , khan ' s role would be updated and as the group became successful in later years , most of the focus of the band would lay solely on khan ' s shoulders ." ] ]

[ "< EOT > this summer , sardonic slacker - rocker mac demarco will follow up his 2014 album salad days with a so - called \" mini - album \" called another one .", "already he ' s shared one track , “ the way you ’ d love her , ” and today he is sharing a second , the eight - song project ' s title - track .", "it ' s an effortless and slightly downcast cry to a lover who has slipped into another ' s orbit — but in classic demarco style , he ' s delivered it with a goodnatured self - made video ( above ) that finds him channeling mj .", "indie rock & apos ; s favorite goofball mac demarco will follow up his 2014 breakout album , salad days , with a new mini - lp titled , another one , scheduled for release august 7th via captured tracks .", "his mini - album another one is out august 7 . another one is available for pre - order now , and early purchasers will receive bonus instrumental tracks .", "demarco self - recorded the new eight - song effort at his new home in far rockaway , queens following a lengthy tour behind salad days .", "much of the mini - lp was cut this past march , as evidenced by a new promo video shot by demarco & apos ; s girlfriend , kiera mcnally .", "mcnally captures the musician in his home studio working on another one — but mostly being his affable , outrageous self .", "another one is out august 7 on captured tracks .", "listen to another one now .", "he delivered the video with this message , shared exclusively with the fader : \" hi it ' s mac d . here ' s a love song off my new mini - lp of love songs for you to listen .", "sometimes kidding around can change a heart .", "be careful !", "a heart always wants what a heart can ' t have .", "find what you love and hold it close !", "knock knock . \"", "amidst laying down guitar solos and vocal tracks , demarco plunks out a keyboard solo with so much vigor , he knocks over his drink .", "later , the canadian rocker shows off his best new york accent during a cigarette run and exclaims , in a fittingly ridiculous voice , \" i love to play my instruments because it makes me happy , okay ! \"", "demarco will head back out on the road beginning april 22nd in portland , ore . and has both international and north american dates lined up through september .", "hell also play numerous festivals , including bonnaroo , outside lands , primavera sound , shaky knees and pitchfork .", "important stuff ahead .", "the fader newsletter .", "© 2017 the fader , inc . all rights reserved .", "this browser doesn ' t support spotify web player .", "switch browsers or download spotify for your desktop .", "live & acoustic vol .", "1 to play this content , you ' ll need the spotify app .", "you look like someone who appreciates good music .", "listen to all your favourite artists on any device for free or try the premium trial .", "steely dan ' s walter becker : inside his troubled life , . . . sign up for our newsletter to receive breaking news directly in your inbox .", "please enable javascript to sign up for the newsletter .", "we may use your e - mail address to send you the newsletter and offers that may interest you , on behalf of rolling stone and its partners .", "for more information please read our privacy policy ranked on a scale from 1 to 10 , the trending score reflects the number of users reading a story in real time .", "charles bradley , acclaimed soul singer , dead . . . all 115 of taylor swift ' s songs , ranked by . . . steely dan ' s walter becker : inside his . . . see willie nelson , bonnie raitt cover ' texas . . . <EOS>" ]

[ [ "critical reception", "at metacritic , which assigns a weighted mean rating out of 100 to reviews from mainstream critics , the album received an average score of 75 based on 28 reviews , which indicates \" generally favorable reviews \" ." ], [ "commercial performance", "another one debuted at number 25 on the billboard 200 and number one on top rock albums , making it demarco ' s highest - peaking release to date and first number - one release on the latter chart . it sold 13 , 000 copies in its first week , 6 , 000 of which were in the vinyl configuration . its debut also represented demarco ' s best album sales week to date ." ] ]

[ "< EOT > wow !", "february is ending on a crazy - strong week !", "first and foremost , this week sees the final issue of revival # 47 !", "just in time for our revival wake wednesday night , featuring revival creators tim seeley , mike norton and jenny frison !", "there ’ s also heathen # 1 , a really great lesbian viking series rooted in norse mythology .", "we ’ ve read # 1 already and it ’ s excellent .", "be sure to give it a look .", "there ’ s also greg rucka ’ s new image series old guard # 1 ; ryan browne and charles soule ’ s curse words # 2 ; black mask ’ s quantum teens are go # 1 , a high - octane adventure full of robots , muscle cars , and queer - a * * skater punks ; mike mignola ’ s visitor how and why he stayed # 1 ; marvel ’ s elektra # 1 , bryan lee o ’ malley ’ s snotgirl vol 01 : green hare don ’ t care collection ; tokyo ghoul vol 11 ; hulk # 3 ; and justice league of america # 1 . and that ’ s just the beginning ; there ’ s a lot more out this week .", "don ’ t forget to bring a reusable bag , and make sure it ’ s a big one for all this week ’ s great books !", "also , please note we have added the dark horse comics back into our other publishers section , so they are no longer in their own section .", "- from fantagraphics , the publisher of the world ' s greatest cartoonists , comes all time comics crime destroyer # 1 , a shared superhero universe featuring the world ' s most fantastic heroes .", "“ i ’ ve been a gamer since i was ten years old , ” said greg rucka .", "“ rpgs , in particular , have been an important part of my life in so many ways — as recreation , of course ; as entertainment , as a means of escape , yes ; and , honestly , as an enormously vital part of my development as a writer , and , i would hazard , as a human being .", "my best friends were made long ago around the gaming table .", "to have been part of creating something with michael lark , and to have that creation standing strong enough that green ronin sees its potential as a gaming world , might just possibly be the greatest compliment i could ever receive .", "it sounds hokey , i suppose , but it ’ s true — as someone who has spent days , weeks , months , exploring the worlds of others at the gaming table , to add to that is a big deal .", "“ we are huge fans of greg ’ s work and of lazarus in particular , ” said green ronin president chris pramas .", "“ the comic ’ s vision of a world dominated by corporate families and featuring staggering levels of income inequality becomes more relevant by the day .", "lazarus tells a powerful story and soon you ’ ll be able to add your own chapters to that around the table .", "” this is the part where we tell you about all of this week ’ s great new comics ( like oni press ’ redline # 1 , or matt kindt & tyler jenkins ’ grass kings # 1 , or the return of image ’ s copperhead # 11 , for example ) but we ’ d rather take this time to mention our month - long event , women ’ s comics month .", "we have a month full of daily signings by women and non - binary creators , and we ’ re pretty excited for this .", "so when you ’ re in shopping for new comics , you can also meet some amazing local talent ; or when you ’ re in meeting some amazing local talent , check out these new releases , too .", "thanks !", "we hope to see you many , many times this month !", "green ronin will publish the world of lazarus this fall .", "the book will present lazarus as a setting for the modern age rpg , which will be released concurrently .", "modern age takes green ronin ’ s popular adventure game engine — as seen in the dragon age , blue rose , and fantasy age rpgs — and adapts it to the modern action genre .", "may 1 , 2017 — seattle , wa : green ronin publishing announced today that it has signed a licensing agreement with greg rucka to adapt his critically - acclaimed lazarus series from image comics as a setting for its forthcoming modern age roleplaying game .", "greg rucka is the new york times bestselling author of over a thousand comics and at least two dozen novels .", "he currently writes lazarus , co - created with artist michael lark , and black magick , with artist nicola scott , both from image comics , as well as stumptown , with artist justin greenwood , published by oni press .", "he has recently completed a critically - acclaimed run on wonder woman for dc comics , and is currently writing the screen adaptation of his series , the old guard , co - created with leandro fernandez , for skybound entertainment .", "he lives in portland , oregon , with his wife , two children , and a large and overly enthusiastic dog named marlowe .", "welcome to the very excellent list of new comics for the first week of march !", "it ’ s a good week .", "here ’ s what we ’ re really excited for : - it ' s out with the old myths and in with the new as a nineteen - year - old chess prodigy pulls excalibur from the stone and becomes queen in dark horse ’ s once and future queen # 1 . wow — this is sure dc ’ s week !", "the wild storm # 1 ( by warren ellis ) .", "super sons # 1 . batwoman rebirth .", "not to mention the usual superman # 17 and batman # 17 . there ’ s also a double - dose of captain america with sam wilson # 19 and steve rogers # 11 , clone conspiracy # 5 , kill or be killed # 6 , the return of sex criminals # 16 , wwe # 2 , cerebus in hell # 1 , dept h # 11 and lumberjanes # 35 . more information and previews for the world of lazarus and modern age will appear on www .", "greenronin .", "com in the coming months .", "- first of all our highest possible recommendation goes to extremity # 1 by daniel warren johnson and skybound / image .", "we ’ ve had a chance to read the first 2 issues of this series and it is excellent .", "great world - building and gorgeous art .", "- savage things # 1 .", "25 years ago , a secret government organization kidnapped children and trained them to be chaos agents around the world .", "when these cold , unfeeling creations proved too difficult to control , the powers that be exterminated their kill squad with extreme prejudice .", "too bad it didn ' t work .", "she ' s also the sweetest person you never want to piss off .", "- america # 1 . everyone ' s favorite no - nonsense powerhouse , america chavez , gets her own series , written by critically - acclaimed ya novelist gabby rivera and drawn by all - star artist joe quinones .", "and let ’ s not forget collections of warren ellis ’ karnak and walking dead vol 27 .", "“ that i get to do so with green ronin makes it all the more of a joy for me .", "chris and company know their stuff inside and out , and more , they know where the mechanics end and the story needs to begin .", "i couldn ’ t be happier to be working with them on bringing lazarus to rpgs .", "” green ronin publishing is a seattle based company dedicated to the art of great games .", "since the year 2000 green ronin has established a reputation for quality and innovation that is second to none , publishing such roleplaying game hits as dragon age , a song of ice and fire roleplaying , and mutants & masterminds , and winning over 40 awards for excellence .", "for an unprecedented three years running green ronin won the prestigious gencon & enworld award for best publisher .", "nicole lindroos entered the game industry in 1989 . in that time , she co - founded adventures unlimited magazine , served on the board of the game manufacturers association and as the chair of the academy of adventure gaming art and design , volunteered both on the advisory committee and as the head of the origins awards , and has been an active freelancer for large and small companies alike .", "since the year 2000 she has been co - owner and general manager of green ronin publishing .", "her recent projects include contributions to the dragon age tabletop roleplaying game and titansgrave : ashes of valakana .", "/ / greenronin .", "com / wp - content / uploads / 2017 / 07 / roninbanner - 1 . png 0 0 nicole lindroos / / greenronin .", "com / wp - content / uploads / 2017 / 07 / roninbanner - 1 . png nicole lindroos2017 - 05 - 01 12 : 40 : 392017 - 05 - 01 12 : 53 : 40press release : green ronin to publish lazarus rpg book copyright © 2000 – 2017 , green ronin publishing , llc .", "all rights reserved .", "- enfold theme by kriesi new releases for 09 .", "20 .", "17 new releases for 09 .", "20 .", "17 - royal city # 1 is the double - sized debut issue of an all - new ongoing series written and illustrated by jeff lemire .", "this guy is putting out some amazing work right now .", "copyright © challengers comics + conversation 2017 all rights reserved .", "<EOS>" ]

[ [ "release", "many of the tracks on the album were previously released as singles . 17 out of the 29 tracks had been released before as singles . the track \" my favorite brack guy \" is the starting from the video of his single \" super aids \" ( a parody of \" super bass \" by nicki minaj ) ." ] ]

[ "< EOT > marvin gaye - live in montreux 1980 ( dvd ) | buy online in south africa | takealot .", "com once payment has been approved , purchased ebooks are added to your digital library , ready for you to download .", "shipped in x to y working days .", "takes x to y days to arrive at our warehouse .", "you can collect when it arrives at the warehouse in cpt .", "you will receive a collect email informing you .", "delivered to your door within 1 - 2 working days with standard delivery once stock is received .", "guaranteed same day delivery delivered same day between 3pm and 7pm if ordered and paid by 11am .", "limited to cape town , johannesburg and pretoria areas and depends on where the stock is located .", "select one of these options at checkout .", "jazz at the philharmonic , vol .", "2 ( verve mg vol .", "2 ) jazz at the philharmonic , vol .", "5 ( verve mg vol .", "5 ) * * also issued on mode ( f ) cmdint 9849 entitled \" paris - salle pleyel 28 fevrier 1948 - the many faces of jazz , vol .", "43 \" .", "vogue ( e ) vrl 3011 entitled \" paris - salle pleyel 28 fevrier 1948 \" .", "prestige pr 7818 entitled \" the dizzy gillespie orchestra at salle pleyel , paris , france \" .", "the quintet - jazz at massey hall , vol .", "1 ( debut dlp 2 ) * * also issued on vogue ( e ) lde 040 ; swing ( f ) m 33312 entitled \" the quintet of the year - jazz at massey hall , vol .", "1 \" .", "* * also issued on fantasy lp 6003 , lp 86003 ; original jazz classics ojc - 044 , ojccd - 044 - 2 . america ( f ) 30 am 6053 entitled \" charlie parker - jazz at massey hall \" .", "jazz at the philharmonic , vol .", "17 ( clef mg vol .", "17 ) * * also issued on verve mg vol .", "10 entitled \" jazz at the philharmonic , vol .", "10 \" .", "jazz at the philharmonic , vol .", "18 ( clef mg vol .", "18 ) * * also issued on verve mg vol .", "11 entitled \" jazz at the philharmonic , vol .", "11 \" .", "* * also issued on verve mgvs 6025 entitled \" dizzy gillespie and count basie at newport \" .", "earl bud powell , vol .", "5 - groovin ' at the blue note , 59 - 61 ( mythic sound ms 6005 - 1 ) norman granz presents \" jazz at the philharmonic \" in europe , vol .", "1 ( verve v / v6 8539 ) norman granz presents \" jazz at the philharmonic \" in europe , vol .", "2 ( verve v / v6 8540 ) norman granz presents \" jazz at the philharmonic \" in europe , vol .", "4 ( verve v / v6 8542 ) it is in stock in our cape town warehouse .", "you can collect same day if your payment is authorised .", "delivered to your door within 1 - 2 working days after payment is confirmed with standard delivery .", "for bulky items & orders weighing more than 15kg ' s add 1 working day with our economy delivery .", "delivered to your door within 2 - 3 working days after payment is confirmed with standard or economy delivery .", "delivered to your door within 2 - 4 working days after payment is confirmed with standard or economy delivery .", "it is in stock in our johannesburg warehouse .", "no collections , sorry !", "guaranteed express delivery guaranteed next day delivery if ordered and paid by midnight .", "guaranteed weekend delivery delivered on saturdays or sundays between 11am and 7pm if ordered and paid by midnight .", "main centres : johannesburg , cape town , bloemfontein , durban , east london , george , pretoria , kimberley , port elizabeth , polokwane .", "remember that weekends and public holidays are not work days .", "for bulky items & orders weighing more than 15kg ' s add 1 working day with our economy delivery .", "delivered to your door within 2 - 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order it means that your item will be dispatched to you on the day it ' s released and arrive with the time span of the shipping plan you chose .", "and then there ' s the weekend .", "in order to receive goods on the weekend , select our weekend delivery option when checking out .", "if this is all too confusing , call us on 087 362 8000 or send an e - mail to info @ takealot .", "com .", "one of our friendly employees will get back to you pronto .", "eligible for cash on delivery .", "learn more hassle - free exchanges & returns for 30 days .", "learn more if you are not completely satisfied with your purchase , simply return the items to us in their original condition and packaging within 30 days of receipt and we will issue a credit which can be used to place a new order .", "wrong size ?", "don ' t quite like the colour ?", "you can exchange your purchased item for a different size and / or colour up to 30 days from the day you received it , completely free of charge .", "the item must be unworn and unused ( other than trials ) with the original tags still attached .", "packaging should be returned in an undamaged condition with the item a product which has been personalised for you or made to your specifications .", "bundle deals expire when stock runs out .", "t & cs apply © takealot online ( pty ) ltd . dizzy gillespie ( trumpet ) don byas ( tenor sax - 1 , 2 ) milt jackson ( vibes ) al haig ( piano ) bill dearango ( guitar ) ray brown ( bass ) j . c . heard ( drums ) willie cook , dizzy gillespie , benny harris , elmon wright ( trumpet ) andy duryea , charles greenlea , j . j . johnson ( trombone ) john brown , ernie henry ( alto sax ) joe gayles , yusef lateef ( tenor sax ) al gibson ( baritone sax ) james forman ( piano ) al mckibbon ( bass ) teddy stewart ( drums ) vince guerra ( congas ) joe carroll ( vocals ) * * also issued on his master ' s voice jk - 2172 , x - 6572 ; blue ace 234 .", "* * also issued on his master ' s voice b - 9027 , jk - 2240 , k - 8432 .", "* * also issued on original jazz classics ojccd - 1932 - 2 .", "* * also issued on stash st - cd - 260 . billy eckstine - mr . b ( ember ( e ) fa 2010 ) billy eckstine , maxine sullivan - mr . b ( audio lab al 1549 ) various artists - swing street , vol .", "iv ( epic ln 24030 ) dizzy gillespie , kai winding , j . j . johnson , terry gibbs - bebop revisited , vol .", "2 ( xanadu 124 ) dexter gordon , vol .", "2 - young dex 1944 - 1946 ( masters of jazz mjcd 128 ) lionel hampton - all american award concert ( mca ( f ) 510 .", "142 ) charlie parker - bird ' s eyes , vol .", "17 ( philology ( it ) w 847 .", "2 ) dizzy gillespie ( trumpet ) charlie parker ( alto sax ) flip phillips ( tenor sax ) red norvo ( vibes ) teddy wilson ( piano ) slam stewart ( bass ) j . c . heard ( drums ) charlie parker on dial , vol .", "5 ( spotlite ( e ) spj 105 ) dizzy gillespie ( trumpet ) charlie parker ( alto sax ) flip phillips ( tenor sax ) red norvo ( vibes ) teddy wilson ( piano ) slam stewart ( bass ) j . c . heard ( drums ) dizzy gillespie , charlie parker - town hall , new york city , june 22 , 1945 ( uptown upcd 27 .", "51 ) 1 . s5849 - 1 warming up a riff ( orig .", "- take 1 ) 2 . s5853 - 2 ko - ko ( orig .", "- take 2 ) ( as cocoa ) btj39 - 2 flat foot floogie ( orig .", "- take 2 ) btj40 - 2 popity pop ( orig .", "- take 1 ) charlie parker memorial , vol .", "2 ( savoy mg 12009 ) s5850 - 5 billie ' s bounce ( orig .", "- take 5 ) s5851 - 4 now ' s the time ( orig .", "- take 4 ) charlie parker - bird ' s eyes , vol .", "4 ( philology ( it ) 214 w 18 ) charlie parker on dial , vol .", "1 ( spotlite ( e ) spj 101 ) dizzy gillespie ( trumpet ) don byas ( tenor sax - 1 / 3 ) milt jackson ( vibes ) al haig ( piano ) bill dearango ( guitar ) ray brown ( bass ) j . c . heard ( drums ) tony scott , slam stewart , don byas , big sid catlett - 52nd street , vol .", "1 ( onyx ori 203 ) dizzy gillespie as b . bopstein ( trumpet ) trummy young ( trombone ) tony scott ( clarinet , alto sax ) ben webster ( tenor sax ) jimmy jones ( piano ) gene ramey ( bass ) eddie nicholson ( drums ) sarah vaughan ( vocals - 1 ) willie cook , benny harris , elmon wright ( trumpet ) dizzy gillespie ( trumpet , vocals - 1 , trumpet - 2 ) andy duryea , charles greenlea , j . j . johnson ( trombone ) john brown , ernie henry ( alto sax ) joe gayles , yusef lateef ( tenor sax ) al gibson ( baritone sax ) james forman ( piano ) al mckibbon ( bass ) teddy stewart ( drums ) vince guerra ( congas ) joe carroll ( vocals - 1 ) miles davis , dizzy gillespie , fats navarro ( trumpet ) j . j . johnson , kai winding ( trombone ) buddy defranco ( clarinet ) charlie parker ( alto sax ) charlie ventura ( tenor sax ) ernie caceres ( baritone sax ) lennie tristano ( piano ) billy bauer ( guitar ) eddie safranski ( bass ) shelly manne ( drums ) * * also issued on zim zm 1001 . the metronome all stars , the international jazzmen , the just jazz all stars - capitol jazz classics , vol .", "6 - all star sessions ( capitol m - 11031 ) dizzy gillespie - paris , salle pleyel , 28 fevrier 1948 - 15eme anniversaire des disques vogue , vol .", "49 ( vogue ( f ) ld 651 - 30 ) * * also issued on jazz legacy ( f ) jl 60 entitled \" pasadena concert 1948 - jazz legacy 10 \" .", "gnp / zyx ( e ) gnpd 23 entitled \" dizzy gillespie and his big band in concert featuring chano pozo \" .", "miles davis , dizzy gillespie , fats navarro ( trumpet ) j . j . johnson , kai winding ( trombone ) buddy defranco ( clarinet ) charlie parker ( alto sax ) charlie ventura ( tenor sax ) ernie caceres ( baritone sax ) lennie tristano ( piano ) billy bauer ( guitar ) eddie safranski ( bass ) shelly manne ( drums ) * * also issued on rca camden ( e ) cdn - 112 . miles davis , dizzy gillespie , fats navarro ( trumpet ) j . j . johnson , kai winding ( trombone ) buddy defranco ( clarinet ) charlie parker ( alto sax ) charlie ventura ( tenor sax ) ernie caceres ( baritone sax ) lennie tristano ( piano ) billy bauer ( guitar ) eddie safranski ( bass ) shelly manne ( drums ) : add miles davis , fats navarro ( trumpet ) j . j . johnson ( trombone ) ernie caceres ( baritone sax ) charles greenlea , j . j . johnson ( trombone ) replaces hurt , tarrant tadd dameron , babs gonzales , dizzy gillespie - capitol jazz classics , vol .", "13 - strictly bebop ( capitol m - 11059 ) various artists - the history of jazz , vol .", "4 - enter the cool ( capitol t - 796 ) * * also issued on prestige pr 16002 . dizzy gillespie ( trumpet , vocals ) j . j . johnson ( trombone ) john coltrane ( tenor sax ) milt jackson ( vibes ) billy taylor ( piano ) percy heath ( bass ) art blakey ( drums ) joe carroll ( vocals ) dizzy gillespie ( trumpet , vocals ) j . j . johnson ( trombone ) john coltrane ( tenor sax ) milt jackson ( vibes ) john lewis ( piano ) percy heath ( bass ) carl \" kansas \" fields ( drums ) joe carroll ( vocals ) dizzy gillespie - trane ' s first ride 1951 , vol .", "2 ( broadcast tributes 0009 ) tin tin deo , no .", "1 dizzy gillespie ( trumpet , vocals ) j . j . johnson ( trombone ) john coltrane ( tenor sax ) milt jackson ( vibes ) billy taylor ( piano ) percy heath ( bass ) art blakey ( drums ) joe carroll ( vocals ) dizzy gillespie ( trumpet , vocals ) j . j . johnson ( trombone ) john coltrane ( tenor sax ) milt jackson ( vibes ) john lewis ( piano ) percy heath ( bass ) carl \" kansas \" fields ( drums ) joe carroll ( vocals ) tin tin deo , no .", "3 dizzy gillespie ( trumpet ) j . j . johnson ( trombone ) budd johnson ( tenor sax ) milt jackson ( piano ) percy heath ( bass ) art blakey ( drums ) joe carroll , melvin moore ( vocals ) * * also issued on savoy mg 12204 entitled \" dizzy gillespie - milt jackson - joe carroll \" .", "dizzy gillespie ( trumpet ) j . j . johnson ( trombone ) budd johnson ( tenor sax ) milt jackson ( piano ) percy heath ( bass ) art blakey ( drums ) joe carroll , melvin moore ( vocals ) charlie parker - new bird , vol .", "2 ( phoenix jazz lp 12 ) 3 .", "807 dizz ' tune ( as mrs . diz ) 15180 | 938 mama ' s blues ( as blues chante ) ( aka mrs . dizzy blues ) dizzy gillespie - the very thought of you ( barclay ( f ) 820 .", "122 ) dizzy gillespie and his operatic strings orchestra ( barclay ( f ) 844 .", "006 ) * * also issued on fontana ( e ) tl 5343 . dizzy gillespie - dizzy - 10eme anniversaire des disques vogue , vol .", "8 ( vogue ( f ) ld 496 - 30 ) * * also issued on gnp crescendo gnp 9028 entitled \" dizzy !", "\" .", "dizzy gillespie - havin ' a good time in paris , vol .", "1 - jazz legacy 39 ( jazz legacy ( f ) jl 89 ) * * originally intended as clef mgc 747 . dizzy gillespie , vol .", "1 ( atlantic als 138 ) charlie parker - cheers ( s . c . a . m . jpg 2 ) dizzy gillespie ( trumpet ) charlie parker ( alto sax ) walter bishop jr . ( piano ) walter yost ( bass ) roy haynes ( drums ) candido ( percussion ) bob garrity ( announcer ) jimmy mcpartland , dizzy gillespie - leonard feather presents hot vs . cool - a battle of jazz ( mgm e 3286 ) * * also issued on lotus ( it ) orl 8251 , lop 14 .", "068 ; passport ( it ) lpps 11 .", "110 . various artists - super collection kangourou , no .", "2 ( vogue ( f ) sck 02 - 30 ) dizzy gillespie - concert salle pleyel 1953 - 10eme anniversaire des disques vogue , vol .", "29 ( vogue ( f ) ld 574 - 30 ) * * also issued on mode ( f ) cmdint 9859 entitled \" the many faces of jazz , vol .", "48 \" .", "vogue ( e ) vrl 3003 entitled \" concert salle pleyel 1953 \" .", "various artists - initiation au jazz , vol .", "1 ( mode ( f ) mdint 9369 ) * * also issued on vogue ( e ) lde 135 . contemporary c 2504 entitled \" dizzy in paris \" .", "earl bud powell , vol .", "2 - burning in u . s . a . , 53 - 55 ( mythic sound ms 6002 - 1 ) * * also issued on mythic sound ms 6002 - 2 .", "* * also issued on verve mgv 8094 .", "* * also issued on verve mgv 8062 .", "* * also issued on clef mgc 655 ; verve mgv 8053 .", "* * also issued on verve mgv 8141 . dizzy gillespie , quincy jones , jimmy nottingham , ernie royal ( trumpet ) leon comegys , j . j . johnson , george mathews ( trombone ) george dorsey , hilton jefferson ( alto sax ) hank mobley , lucky thompson ( tenor sax ) danny bank ( baritone sax ) wade legge ( piano ) lou hackney , roberto rodriguez ( bass ) charlie persip ( drums ) candido , ramon \" mongo \" santamaria ( congas ) jose mangual ( bongos ) ubaldo nieto ( timbales ) chico o ' farrill ( arranger ) * * also issued on verve mgv 8191 . dizzy gillespie , taft jordan , ermit v . perry , ernie royal ( trumpet ) jimmy cleveland , matthew gee , jimmy wilkins ( trombone ) gigi gryce , hilton jefferson ( alto sax ) budd johnson , ernie wilkins ( tenor sax ) sahib shihab ( baritone sax ) wade legge ( piano ) nelson boyd ( bass ) charlie persip ( drums ) herb lance ( vocals ) * * also issued on verve mgv 8173 entitled \" jazz recital \" .", "* * also issued on verve mgv 8135 . dizzy gillespie , quincy jones , jimmy nottingham , ernie royal ( trumpet ) leon comegys , j . j . johnson , george mathews ( trombone ) george dorsey , hilton jefferson ( alto sax ) hank mobley , lucky thompson ( tenor sax ) danny bank ( baritone sax ) wade legge ( piano ) lou hackney ( bass ) charlie persip ( drums ) buster harding ( arranger ) * * also issued on norgran mgn 1090 ; verve mgv 8178 entitled \" diz big band \" .", "roy eldridge , dizzy gillespie - roy and diz , vol .", "2 ( clef mgc 671 ) * * also issued on clef mgc 656 ; verve mgv 8054 .", "2035 - 1 funky blues no .", "2 dizzy gillespie , taft jordan , ermit v . perry , ernie royal ( trumpet ) jimmy cleveland , matthew gee , jimmy wilkins ( trombone ) gigi gryce , hilton jefferson ( alto sax ) budd johnson , ernie wilkins ( tenor sax ) sahib shihab ( baritone sax ) wade legge ( piano ) nelson boyd ( bass ) charlie persip ( drums ) herb lance ( vocals ) * * also issued on verve mgv 8069 , mgv 8400 , v / v6 8400 . jam session , no .", "1 jam session , no .", "2 * * also issued on verve mgv 8166 . verve ve1 2533 entitled \" dizzy meets sonny \" .", "dizzy gillespie , ermit v . perry , ernie royal , idrees sulieman ( trumpet ) billy byers , jimmy cleveland , frank rehak ( trombone ) jerome richardson , sahib shihab ( alto sax ) lucky thompson , ernie wilkins ( tenor sax ) danny bank ( baritone sax ) wade legge ( piano ) nelson boyd ( bass ) charlie persip ( drums ) joe gordon , quincy jones , ermit v . perry , carl warwick ( trumpet ) dizzy gillespie ( trumpet , vocals ) rod levitt , melba liston , frank rehak ( trombone ) jimmy powell , phil woods ( alto sax ) billy mitchell , ernie wilkins ( tenor sax ) marty flax ( baritone sax ) walter davis jr . ( piano ) nelson boyd ( bass ) charlie persip ( drums ) * * also issued on verve mgv 8174 . joe gordon , quincy jones , ermit v . perry , carl warwick ( trumpet ) dizzy gillespie ( trumpet , vocals ) rod levitt , melba liston , frank rehak ( trombone ) jimmy powell , phil woods ( alto sax ) billy mitchell , ernie wilkins ( tenor sax ) marty flax ( baritone sax ) walter davis jr . ( piano ) nelson boyd ( bass ) charlie persip ( drums ) : same personnel talib daawud , lee morgan , ermit v . perry , carl warwick ( trumpet ) dizzy gillespie ( trumpet , arranger ) al grey , rod levitt ( trombone ) melba liston ( trombone , arranger ) ernie henry , jimmy powell ( alto sax ) billy mitchell ( tenor sax ) benny golson ( tenor sax , arranger ) billy root ( baritone sax ) wynton kelly ( piano ) paul west ( bass ) charlie persip ( drums ) ernie wilkins ( arranger ) talib daawud , dizzy gillespie , lee morgan , ermit v . perry , carl warwick ( trumpet ) al grey , rod levitt , melba liston ( trombone ) ernie henry , jimmy powell ( alto sax ) benny golson , billy mitchell , ernie wilkins ( tenor sax ) billy root ( baritone sax ) wynton kelly ( piano ) paul west ( bass ) charlie persip ( drums ) talib daawud , dizzy gillespie , lee morgan , ermit v . perry , carl warwick ( trumpet ) al grey , rod levitt , melba liston ( trombone ) ernie henry , jimmy powell ( alto sax ) benny golson , billy mitchell , ernie wilkins ( tenor sax ) billy root ( baritone sax ) wynton kelly ( piano ) paul west ( bass ) charlie persip ( drums ) austin cromer ( vocals - 1 ) talib daawud , lee morgan , ermit v . perry , carl warwick ( trumpet ) dizzy gillespie ( trumpet , arranger ) al grey , rod levitt ( trombone ) melba liston ( trombone , arranger ) ernie henry , jimmy powell ( alto sax ) billy mitchell ( tenor sax ) benny golson ( tenor sax , arranger ) billy root ( baritone sax ) wynton kelly ( piano ) paul west ( bass ) charlie persip ( drums ) austin cromer ( vocals - 6 / 8 ) ernie wilkins ( arranger ) talib daawud , lee morgan , ermit v . perry , carl warwick ( trumpet ) dizzy gillespie ( trumpet , arranger ) al grey , rod levitt ( trombone ) melba liston ( trombone , arranger ) ernie henry , jimmy powell ( alto sax ) billy mitchell ( tenor sax ) benny golson ( tenor sax , arranger ) billy root ( baritone sax ) wynton kelly ( piano ) paul west ( bass ) charlie persip ( drums ) ernie wilkins ( arranger ) talib daawud , lee morgan , ermit v . perry , carl warwick ( trumpet ) dizzy gillespie ( trumpet , arranger ) al grey , rod levitt ( trombone ) melba liston ( trombone , arranger ) ernie henry , jimmy powell ( alto sax ) billy mitchell ( tenor sax ) benny golson ( tenor sax , arranger ) billy root ( baritone sax ) wynton kelly ( piano ) paul west ( bass ) charlie persip ( drums ) austin cromer ( vocals - 7 ) ernie wilkins ( arranger ) talib daawud , dizzy gillespie , lee morgan , ermit v . perry , carl warwick ( trumpet ) ray connor , al grey , melba liston ( trombone ) ernie henry , jimmy powell ( alto sax ) benny golson , billy mitchell ( tenor sax ) pee wee moore ( baritone sax ) wynton kelly ( piano ) paul west ( bass ) charlie persip ( drums ) talib daawud , lee morgan , ermit v . perry , carl warwick ( trumpet ) dizzy gillespie ( trumpet , arranger ) al grey , rod levitt ( trombone ) melba liston ( trombone , arranger ) ernie henry , jimmy powell ( alto sax ) billy mitchell ( tenor sax ) benny golson ( tenor sax , arranger ) billy root ( baritone sax ) wynton kelly ( piano ) paul west ( bass ) charlie persip ( drums ) austin cromer ( vocals ) ernie wilkins ( arranger ) * * reissue of verve 89173 . dizzy gillespie ( trumpet ) stuff smith ( violin ) wynton kelly ( piano ) paul west ( bass ) j . c . heard ( drums ) the gordon family : george gordon , george gordon jr . , richard gordon , honey gordon ( vocal group - 5 ) talib daawud , dizzy gillespie , lee morgan , ermit v . perry , carl warwick ( trumpet ) ray connor , al grey , melba liston ( trombone ) ernie henry , jimmy powell ( alto sax ) benny golson , billy mitchell ( tenor sax ) pee wee moore ( baritone sax ) wynton kelly ( piano ) tommy bryant ( bass ) charlie persip ( drums ) talib daawud , dizzy gillespie , lee morgan , ermit v . perry , carl warwick ( trumpet ) ray connor , al grey , melba liston ( trombone ) ernie henry , jimmy powell ( alto sax ) benny golson , billy mitchell ( tenor sax ) pee wee moore ( baritone sax ) wynton kelly ( piano ) tommy bryant ( bass ) charlie persip ( drums ) austin cromer ( vocals - 10 ) ella fitzgerald sings the duke ellington song book , vol .", "1 ( verve mgv 4008 - 2 ) * * part of verve mgv 4010 - 4 . dizzy gillespie ( trumpet ) stan getz , paul gonsalves , coleman hawkins ( tenor sax ) wynton kelly ( piano ) wendell marshall ( bass ) j . c . heard ( drums ) talib daawud , lee morgan , ermit v . perry , carl warwick ( trumpet ) dizzy gillespie ( trumpet , vocals ) chuck connors , al grey , melba liston ( trombone ) ernie henry , jimmy powell ( alto sax ) benny golson , billy mitchell ( tenor sax ) pee wee moore ( baritone sax ) wynton kelly ( piano ) paul west ( bass ) charlie persip ( drums ) * * also issued on verve mgvs 6023 . verve v6 8830 entitled \" the newport years , vol .", "5 \" .", "talib daawud , lee morgan , ermit v . perry , carl warwick ( trumpet ) dizzy gillespie ( trumpet , vocals ) chuck connors , al grey , melba liston ( trombone ) ernie henry , jimmy powell ( alto sax ) benny golson , billy mitchell ( tenor sax ) pee wee moore ( baritone sax ) mary lou williams ( piano - 1 , 2 ) wynton kelly ( piano - 3 ) paul west ( bass ) charlie persip ( drums ) talib daawud , dizzy gillespie , lee morgan , ermit v . perry , carl warwick ( trumpet ) ray connor , al grey , melba liston ( trombone ) ernie henry , jimmy powell ( alto sax ) benny golson , billy mitchell ( tenor sax ) pee wee moore ( baritone sax ) wynton kelly ( piano ) paul west ( bass ) charlie persip ( drums ) talib daawud , dizzy gillespie , lee morgan , ermit v . perry , carl warwick ( trumpet ) ray connor , al grey , melba liston ( trombone ) ernie henry , jimmy powell ( alto sax ) benny golson , billy mitchell ( tenor sax ) pee wee moore ( baritone sax ) wynton kelly ( piano ) paul west ( bass ) charlie persip ( drums ) : same session talib daawud , dizzy gillespie , lee morgan , ermit v . perry , carl warwick ( trumpet ) ray connor , al grey , melba liston ( trombone ) ernie henry , jimmy powell ( alto sax ) benny golson , billy mitchell ( tenor sax ) pee wee moore ( baritone sax ) wynton kelly ( piano ) paul west ( bass ) charlie persip ( drums ) : same session talib daawud , dizzy gillespie , lee morgan , ermit v . perry , carl warwick ( trumpet ) ray connor , al grey , melba liston ( trombone ) ernie henry , jimmy powell ( alto sax ) benny golson , billy mitchell ( tenor sax ) pee wee moore ( baritone sax ) wynton kelly ( piano ) paul west ( bass ) charlie persip ( drums ) : same personnel * * part of verve ve2 2505 .", "* * also issued on verve mgvs 6117 .", "* * part of verve ve2 2505 .", "* * also issued on mythic sound ms 6005 - 2 . sonny stitt - loose walk ( philology ( it ) w 43 .", "2 ) dizzy gillespie - the ebullient mr . gillespie ( verve mgv 8328 ) * * also issued on verve mgvs 6068 .", "* * also issued on verve mgvs 6047 .", "* * originally intended as verve mgv 8372 , mgvs 6147 . dizzy gillespie ( trumpet ) j . j . johnson ( trombone ) cannonball adderley , benny carter ( alto sax ) lalo schifrin ( piano ) art davis ( bass ) chuck lampkin ( drums ) * * part of verve 2v6s 8823 . dizzy gillespie ( trumpet ) j . j . johnson ( trombone ) stan getz ( tenor sax ) victor feldman ( vibes , piano ) sam jones ( bass ) louis hayes ( drums ) dizzy gillespie ( trumpet ) j . j . johnson ( trombone ) leo wright ( flute - 1 ) stan getz ( tenor sax ) lalo schifrin ( piano ) art davis ( bass ) chuck lampkin ( drums ) candido ( bongos - 2 , 3 ) * * part of verve 2v6s 8823 . dizzy gillespie , bernie glow , robert nagel , ernie royal , doc severinsen , nick travis ( trumpet ) paul faulise , urbie green , dick hixson , jimmy knepper ( trombone ) john barrows , jim buffington ( french horn ) harvey phillips , william stanley ( tuba ) gloria agostini , laura newell ( harp ) george duvivier ( bass ) charlie persip ( drums ) gunther schuller ( conductor ) j . j . johnson ( arranger ) * * originally intended as philips ( us ) phm 200 - 072 , ( us ) phs 600 - 072 .", "* * also issued on limelight ls 86022 .", "* * also issued on philips ( us ) phs 600 - 106 .", "* * also issued on philips ( us ) phs 600 - 123 .", "* * also issued on philips ( us ) phs 600 - 138 .", "* * also issued on limelight ls 86007 . nat adderley , dizzy gillespie , freddie hubbard , jimmy maxwell , joe newman , jimmy nottingham ( trumpet ) curtis fuller , j . j . johnson , melba liston , kai winding ( trombone ) jerry dodgion , phil woods ( alto sax ) roland kirk , lucky thompson ( tenor sax ) james moody ( tenor , alto sax , flute ) benny golson ( tenor sax , arranger - 2 , 3 ) pepper adams ( baritone sax ) milt jackson ( vibes ) bobby scott ( piano ) bob cranshaw ( bass ) art blakey ( drums ) quincy jones ( conductor ) billy byers ( arranger - 1 ) * * also issued on limelight ls 86002 . kenny dorham , dizzy gillespie , howard mcghee ( trumpet ) j . j . johnson as c . c . siegel ( trombone ) lee konitz ( alto sax ) billy taylor ( piano ) tommy potter ( bass ) roy haynes ( drums ) * * also issued on limelight ls 86017 , 826 985 - 2 . various artists - mercury 40th anniversary v . s . o . p . album ( mercury ( j ) 25pj - 58 / 61 ) john audino , harry edison , dizzy gillespie , freddie hill , melvin moore ( trumpet ) jim amlotte , francis fitzpatrick , lester robinson ( trombone ) sam cassano , david duke , herman lebow , alan robinson ( french horn ) gabe baltazar , buddy collette , bill green , jack nimitz , carrington visor jr . ( reeds ) phil moore jr . ( piano ) dennis budimir ( guitar ) jimmy bond ( bass ) earl palmer ( drums ) gil fuller ( arranger , conductor ) * * also issued on pacific jazz st - 93 .", "* * also issued on impulse !", "as - 9149 , impd - 178 . various artists - jazz for a sunday afternoon , vol .", "1 ( solid state ss 18027 ) various artists - jazz for a sunday afternoon , vol .", "2 ( solid state ss 18028 ) * * also issued on mainstream / legacy jk 57149 entitled \" dizzy gillespie and the mitchell - ruff duo \" .", "the kepler label cd 2412 entitled \" dizzy gillespie and the mitchell - ruff duo , volume 1 \" .", "* * reissue of mainstream mrl 325 entitled \" dizzy gillespie and the mitchell ruff duo - in concert \" + 3 bonus tracks .", "dizzy gillespie - johnny griffin quintet - summertime ( jazz birdie ' s of paradise best .", "- nr .", "j - bop 046 ) * * also issued on emarcy 834 567 - 2 , ( j ) ejd 3018 .", "* * reissue of emarcy ( j ) 20pj - 10108 + 1 bonus track .", "* * also issued on columbia / legacy c2k 64975 .", "* * reissue of columbia kg 31614 + 8 bonus tracks .", "various artists - newport in new york ' 72 - the soul sessions , vol .", "6 ( cobblestone cst 9028 ) * * part of cobblestone cst 9032 - 6 . various artists - newport in new york ' 72 - the jam sessions , vol .", "1 & 2 ( cobblestone cst 9025 - 2 ) * * part of cobblestone cst 9032 - 6 .", "* * also issued on philips ( j ) 25pj - 18 ; concord jazz gw - 3004 .", "* * also issued on original jazz classics ojc - 443 , ojccd - 443 - 2 .", "* * also issued on pablo pacd - 2310 - 943 - 2 .", "* * also issued on original jazz classics ojc - 497 , ojccd - 497 - 2 .", "* * also issued on moon ( it ) mcd 006 - 2 .", "* * also issued on original jazz classics ojccd - 857 - 2 . roy eldridge , oscar peterson , dizzy gillespie - jazz maturity . . . where it ' s coming from ( pablo 2310 - 816 ) * * also issued on original jazz classics ojccd - 807 - 2 . dizzy gillespie ( trumpet ) manny duran , paul gonzalez , raul gonzalez jr . , victor paz ( trumpet , flugelhorn ) jerry chamberlain , jack jeffers , lewis kahn , barry morrow ( trombone ) don corrado , brooks tillotson ( french horn ) bob stewart ( tuba ) mauricio smith ( alto sax , flute , piccolo ) mario bauza ( alto sax , clarinet ) mario rivera ( tenor sax , alto flute ) jose madera sr . ( tenor sax , clarinet ) leslie yahonikan ( baritone sax , bass clarinet ) machito ( marimba , clavinet , leader ) jorge dalto ( electric piano ) dana mccurdy ( synthesizer ) carlos castillo ( electric bass ) mickey roker ( drums ) julito grillo , raymond hernandez ( african drums ) pepin pepin ( congas ) mario grillo ( bongos , cowbell ) jose madera jr . ( timbales ) chico o ' farrill ( arranger , conductor ) * * also issued on original jazz classics ojc - 447 , ojccd - 447 - 2 .", "* * also issued on original jazz classics ojccd - 739 - 2 .", "* * also issued on original jazz classics ojc - 445 , ojccd - 445 - 2 .", "* * also issued on pablo pacd - 2625 - 708 - 2 . benny carter , dizzy gillespie - carter , gillespie , inc . ( pablo 2310 - 781 ) * * also issued on original jazz classics ojccd - 682 - 2 . shim sham shimmy on the st . louis blues * * also issued on original jazz classics ojccd - 823 - 2 . oscar brashear , dizzy gillespie , jack h . laubach ( trumpet ) lew mccreary ( trombone ) jerome richardson ( flute ) ernie watts ( sax ) james horn ( sax , flute ) sonny burke ( piano , electric piano ) lalo schifrin ( keyboards , arranger , composer , conductor ) charles e . spangler ( synthesizer ) ray parker jr . , lee ritenour , wah wah watson ( guitar ) wilton felder ( bass ) ed green ( drums ) paulinho da costa ( percussion ) * * also issued on original jazz classics ojccd - 784 - 2 .", "* * also issued on original jazz classics ojccd - 886 - 2 .", "* * also issued on original jazz classics ojc - 378 , ojccd - 378 - 2 .", "* * reissue of pablo live 2308 - 208 + 1 bonus track .", "* * also issued on original jazz classics ojc - 385 , ojccd - 385 - 2 .", "* * also issued on original jazz classics ojc - 381 , ojccd - 381 - 2 .", "* * also issued on concord jazz ccd - 4170 .", "* * also issued on original jazz classics ojc - 603 , ojccd - 603 - 2 .", "* * also issued on original jazz classics ojccd - 744 - 2 .", "* * also issued on original jazz classics ojccd - 882 - 2 .", "* * also issued on original jazz classics ojc - 626 , ojccd - 626 - 2 .", "* * also issued on somethin ' else ( j ) tocj - 8013 . dizzy gillespie ( trumpet , jew ' s harp ) chick corea ( acoustic , electric piano , trumpet , percussion ) steve gadd ( drums , timpani ) chuck mangione ( conductor , flugelhorn , electric piano ) with kathyryn moses ( flute ) chris vadala ( sax , flute ) gap mangione ( acoustic , electric piano ) paul viapiano ( acoustic , electric guitar ) eric gale , carl lockett ( electric guitar ) jeff d ' angelo , charles meeks ( electric bass ) james bradley jr . , dan d ' imperio ( drums , percussion ) + joe mosello , lew soloff , jeff tyzik ( trumpet , flugelhorn ) rick chamberlain , birch johnson , keith o ' quinn ( trombone ) jim daniels ( bass trombone ) jerry peel , jay wadenpfuhl ( french horn ) joe romano ( alto , tenor sax ) pat labarbera , sal nistico ( tenor sax ) bob militello ( baritone sax ) ralph mcdonald ( congas , percussion ) dave mancini ( percussion ) * * also issued on pablo live pacd - 2620 - 116 - 2 .", "* * also issued on original jazz classics ojccd - 733 - 2 . lilian terry - oo - shoo - be - doo - be . . . oo , oo . . . oo , oo ( soul note ( it ) sn 1147 ) dizzy gillespie ( trumpet ) walter davis jr . ( piano ) john patitucci ( bass ) ralph humphrey ( drums ) the manhattan transfer : cheryl bentyne , tim hauser , janis siegel , alan paul ( vocal quartet ) * * also issued on atlantic ( f ) 81266 - 1 .", "* * also issued on fantasy fcd - 9659 - 2 . quincy jones - back on the block ( warner bros . 26020 ) * * also issued on verve ( f ) 511 857 - 2 . dizzy gillespie ( trumpet ) oscar brashear , paulinho da costa , jorge dalto , manny duran , wilton felder , ed green , roger glenn , machito , ray parker jr . , lee ritenour , mickey roker , lalo schifrin , ernie watts , and others shim sham shimmy on the st . louis blues copyright ( c ) 2001 - 2003 group tgs .", "copyright ( c ) 2003 - 2017 jazz discography project .", "permission is granted to copy , distribute and / or modify this document under the terms of the gnu free documentation license , version 1 .", "3 or any later version published by the free software foundation ; with no invariant sections , no front - cover texts , and no back - cover texts .", "a copy of the license is included in the section entitled \" gnu free documentation license \" .", "<EOS>" ]

[ [ "reception", "the allmusic review stated \" purdie , a consummate funk and r & b percussionist , makes the switch to mainstream material adequately , while gillespie and thielemans establish a quick , consistent rapport \" ." ] ]

[ "< EOT > by dog breed affenpinscher afghan hound airedale terrier akita alaskan malamute american english coonhound american eskimo dog american foxhound american hairless terrier american leopard hound american staffordshire terrier american water spaniel anatolian shepherd dog appenzeller sennenhunde australian cattle dog australian kelpie australian shepherd australian terrier azawakh barbet basenji basset fauve de bretagne basset hound bavarian mountain scent hound beagle bearded collie beauceron bedlington terrier belgian laekenois belgian malinois belgian sheepdog belgian tervuren bergamasco sheepdog berger picard bernese mountain dog bichon frise biewer terrier black and tan coonhound black russian terrier bloodhound bluetick coonhound boerboel bolognese border collie border terrier borzoi boston terrier bouvier des flandres boxer boykin spaniel bracco italiano braque du bourbonnais braque francais pyrenean briard brittany broholmer brussels griffon bull terrier bulldog bullmastiff cairn terrier canaan dog cane corso cardigan welsh corgi carolina dog catahoula leopard dog caucasian shepherd dog cavalier king charles spaniel central asian shepherd dog cesky terrier chesapeake bay retriever chihuahua chinese crested chinese shar - pei chinook chow chow cirneco dell ’ etna clumber spaniel cocker spaniel collie coton de tulear curly - coated retriever czechoslovakian vlcak dachshund dalmatian dandie dinmont terrier danish - swedish farmdog deutscher wachtelhund doberman pinscher dogo argentino dogue de bordeaux drentsche patrijshond drever dutch shepherd english cocker spaniel english foxhound english setter english springer spaniel english toy spaniel entlebucher mountain dog estrela mountain dog eurasier field spaniel finnish lapphund finnish spitz flat - coated retriever french bulldog french spaniel german longhaired pointer german pinscher german shepherd dog german shorthaired pointer german spitz german wirehaired pointer giant schnauzer glen of imaal terrier golden retriever gordon setter grand basset griffon vendeen great dane great pyrenees greater swiss mountain dog greyhound hamiltonstovare harrier havanese hokkaido hovawart ibizan hound icelandic sheepdog irish red and white setter irish setter irish terrier irish water spaniel irish wolfhound italian greyhound jagdterrier japanese chin jindo kai ken karelian bear dog keeshond kerry blue terrier kishu ken komondor kromfohrlander kuvasz labrador retriever lagotto romagnolo lakeland terrier lancashire heeler lapponian herder leonberger lhasa apso lowchen maltese manchester terrier mastiff miniature american shepherd miniature bull terrier miniature pinscher miniature schnauzer mountain cur mudi neapolitan mastiff nederlandse kooikerhondje newfoundland norfolk terrier norrbottenspets norwegian buhund norwegian elkhound norwegian lundehund norwich terrier nova scotia duck tolling retriever old english sheepdog otterhound papillon parson russell terrier pekingese pembroke welsh corgi perro de presa canario peruvian inca orchid petit basset griffon vendeen pharaoh hound plott pointer polish lowland sheepdog pomeranian poodle porcelaine portuguese podengo portuguese podengo pequeno portuguese pointer portuguese sheepdog portuguese water dog pudelpointer pug puli pumi pyrenean mastiff pyrenean shepherd rafeiro do alentejo rat terrier redbone coonhound rhodesian ridgeback rottweiler russell terrier russian toy russian tsvetnaya bolonka saluki samoyed schapendoes schipperke scottish deerhound scottish terrier sealyham terrier shetland sheepdog shiba inu shih tzu shikoku siberian husky silky terrier skye terrier sloughi slovensky cuvac slovensky kopov small munsterlander pointer smooth fox terrier soft coated wheaten terrier spanish mastiff spanish water dog spinone italiano st . bernard stabyhoun staffordshire bull terrier standard schnauzer sussex spaniel swedish lapphund swedish vallhund taiwan dog teddy roosevelt terrier thai ridgeback tibetan mastiff tibetan spaniel tibetan terrier tornjak tosa toy fox terrier transylvanian hound treeing tennessee brindle treeing walker coonhound vizsla weimaraner welsh springer spaniel welsh terrier west highland white terrier whippet wire fox terrier wirehaired pointing griffon wirehaired vizsla working kelpie xoloitzcuintli yakutian laika yorkshire terrier instructors train a string of approximately eight to ten dogs from start to finish .", "once the four - month training cycle ends , the instructor will enter class , which is where they train the dogs with their new owners for 25 days if they are a new seeing eye dog owner , or 18 days if they are returning for a subsequent seeing eye dog .", "each instructor is assigned four students with whom he or she will work with for the class period .", "it ’ s important for the dogs to form a bond with their handler and enjoy his or her job to be an effective and safe seeing eye dog .", "one of the most important aspects of the time spent training is the bonding that takes place between a seeing eye dog and his or her new owner .", "hkseds was established on january 11 , 2012 as a registered non - profit organization in hong kong .", "our main focus is breeding and training seeing eye dog in hong kong and provide the well - trained seeing eye dog to suitable visually impaired people for free .", "we provide match training and follow up services to support visually impaired people .", "we also promote seeing eye dog protection and prevent abandonment and mistreatment of the dogs after match .", "the latest issue of the guide , the magazine for friends of the seeing eye , is now available for download as a pdf , word , or audio file .", "on the cover : seeing eye graduate lloyd burlingame in new york city with his third seeing eye dog , a black labrador / golden retriever cross named al .", "in pursuit of this mission , the seeing eye breeds and raises puppies to become seeing eye dogs , trains seeing eye dogs to guide blind people , instructs blind people in the proper use , handling , and care of the dogs and conducts and supports research on canine health and development .", "when seeing eye puppies are between 13 - and 19 - months - old , their puppy raisers return them to the seeing eye .", "for their first month at the seeing eye , dogs undergo health screens to ensure they are healthy enough to work as guides .", "they are neutered or spayed , and given a dental cleaning .", "a seeing eye dog can guide you anywhere you can imagine !", "if you are legally blind , at least 16 years of age , and have good orientation and mobility skills , you might benefit from working with a seeing eye dog .", "apply online !", "each dog is assigned to a seeing eye instructor with whom they will train for four months .", "basic training takes place on the seeing eye campus before moving to the streets of morristown .", "they are regularly trained in a variety of rural , suburban and urban environments with each dog testing the ultimate urban environment before completing its training : new york city .", "as dealing with cancer can be a lonely and depressing task , seeing - eye dogs can become quite important to those who are fortunate enough to own one .", "while the dog knows that his job is to protect the cancer patient from harm , the dog is also eager for play and interaction with its owner when the work day is over , just like any other dog .", "this can be a special time of the day for the patient who is dealing with the side effects of mesothelioma chemotherapy , mesothelioma radiation , or simply the debilitating symptoms of the disease .", "petting a dog is known to reduce one ’ s blood pressure and create an overall feeling of well - being .", "teach your children about seeing eye dogs with our sam the seeing eye dog children ’ s book .", "perhaps that ’ s why many cancer patients who are legally blind or have poor eyesight have turned to the services of a seeing - eye dog , often referred to these days as a “ guide dog .", "” a guide dog not only helps an individual walk from place to place outside the home , but is also a great help inside the home as well , and can assist a vision impaired cancer patient who may be physically weak to do simple tasks that are made harder by cancer .", "cancer patients who need a seeing - eye dog will be required to do some training with the dog in order to determine if they are a good match .", "this may be a little bit of a challenge for the cancer patient , especially when they are not feeling well .", "however , if the guide dog agency is informed of any special circumstances , they can probably figure out a way to make it all work without putting too much stress on the patient .", "it ’ s best to call various agencies first to determine if they are willing to work with this unique scenario .", "the seeing eye ' s mission is to enhance the independence , dignity and self - confidence of people who are blind , through the use of specially trained seeing eye ® dogs .", "the bond between seeing eye dogs and their instructors forms quickly and is very strong .", "the dogs are taught to guide with a combination of repetition and praise .", "clicker training is used to enhance the dogs ' skill in targeting specific objects .", "half - way through the training period , instructors take a blindfolded walk with each of their charges to test their dogs ’ abilities .", "at the end of the training cycle , the blindfold test is repeated on a more complicated route to ensure the dogs are ready to begin work as seeing eye dogs for their new owners .", "seeing eye dogs australia , a division of vision australia , is the only national breeder , trainer and supplier of seeing eye dogs .", "the transportation security administration ( tsa ) is responsible for screening air travelers with service animals .", "passengers are expected to maintain control of their service dogs by holding onto the leash throughout the screening process .", "passengers with animals may also be subject to explosives trace testing .", "at no time should tsa personnel require that the dog be separated from its handler or that the harness , collar or leash be removed from the dog .", "if a passenger exits past the checkpoint to relieve his or her dog , the passenger and dog will need to undergo the screening process again .", "when he or she returns to the security checkpoint , he or she can ask to move to the front of the screening line .", "the seeing eye doggy dash walk & 5k is now accepting registrations .", "new this year : usatf certified 5k course !", "don ' t forget about our dog pageant with costume contest .", "click \" learn more \" for more information .", "a seeing eye instructor is walking under blindfold while a black lab guides him across a street .", "another instructor is following behind , observing the dog ’ s work .", "please click “ donate ” to support pups through seeing eye dog training , so that one day they can help someone who is blind or has low vision .", "for the right person , getting a seeing eye dog can have a huge and positive impact on the quality of their life .", "when you meet a seeing eye dog , it is important to remember that these dogs are working and should not be distracted .", "distract , feed or touch a working seeing eye dog ( in harness ) without the handler ’ s permission .", "find out more about the seeing eye dog program here .", "to localize and sustain seeing eye dog services in hong kong for visually impaired people , hkseds focus on training local trainers to make this professions rooted in hong kong .", "© 2012 - 2017 hong kong seeing eye dog service .", "copyright reserved seeing eye dog - check it out !", "with dr . steve brule - adult swim a woman brings her seeing eye dog to the studio and dr . steve talks about being a hunk .", "some organizations charge as much as $ 30 , 000 to place a companion dog with children .", "others , like the seeing eye and canine companions for independence , give the dogs essentially for free , as does wolfe .", "she prefers to use rhodesian ridgebacks , which she has bred and shown at westminster , but will take rescue dogs \" as long as their temperaments and health are what i need . \"", "for more information or questions about air travel , passengers may call the aviation consumer disability toll - free hotline at ( 866 ) 266 - 1368 ; read about frequently asked questions concerning air travel of people with disabilities ; and check out travel tricks and tips from seeing eye graduates and our top tips for traveling by air with a guide dog .", "some individuals who use seeing - eye dogs have them for a long time – often up to 10 years or more .", "while the relatively low mesothelioma survival rate suggests that this will not be the case with mesothelioma patients and their guide dogs , the animal can indeed become like a part of the family .", "those who use guide dogs note that the dog not only provides assistance to them but also comfort and companionship .", "the eye of rudra , or the eye of shiva , is quite literally red .", "red eye !", "!", "!", "as for the red eye , i don ' t see that there is any right or wrong answer when it comes to interpreting it .", "ask 20 different people what it means and you ' ll get 20 different answers .", "they ' re all just opinions .", "you might think the red eye means evil , death , murder , going berserk .", "to me it represents the awakening of the 3rd eye , aligning with the universe in a whole new way , becoming complete .", "you might see the trident as a symbol of destruction whereas i see the trident as a symbol of balance / harmony / inner - strength .", "look at the peace sign and you ' ll find the trident .", "to make it possible to navigate in the dark , the canine eye , like the eyes of cats and other mammals , has a larger pupil than a human ’ s . in the anatomical structure of the eye , the retina has light - sensitive cells , called rods , which help an animal or human see in low light .", "dogs have more of these rods than we do .", "the retina also has cones , and they determine which colors dogs can see .", "the topic of color blindness of dogs is equally popular among dog lovers .", "but a dog ’ s secret weapon in his ability to see in the dark is the part of the canine eye called the tapetum lucidum .", "the tapetum acts as a mirror within the eye , reflecting back the light that enters it , and giving the retina another opportunity to register the light .", "katherine passed the wyatt test , but it could be months before the right dog is found , wolfe warned .", "once trained , she would bring the dog to florida , work with the entire family for a week and talk to school officials about allowing the service dog to accompany katherine to class .", "planning a cruise with your guide dog involves two parts .", "first , you will need to contact the cruise line to make arrangements for your dog .", "many cruise lines require an international health certificate and current vaccination records .", "generally a 4 ’ x 4 ’ wooden box filled with mulch , second nature or other type of absorbent material is provided for the relief area .", "early boarding for orientation tours is often available upon request .", "there is no limitation on the number of service animals that can be brought on a given voyage and passengers may bring a reasonable quantity of dog food aboard the vessel at no additional charge .", "most countries require your dog to be microchipped before carrying out the required rabies vaccination or other import requirements .", "if the destination country requires the iso microchip , and the dog ’ s existing microchip does not meet these standards , contact the destination country to see if they would accept the dog ’ s current chip or tattoo as an alternative .", "always make sure that the microchip can be read before departing for a trip .", "some countries may require an animal to have been vaccinated against rabies within a specified period of time before it arrives .", "this means that the dog might need to be revaccinated against rabies before the dog ’ s booster vaccine is actually due .", "be sure that your vet documents the microchip number , the date of insertion and the location of the chip onto the dog ’ s rabies vaccination certificate .", "in situations where it is not apparent that the dog is a service animal , a business may ask only two questions : 1 ) is the animal required because of a disability ; and 2 ) what work or task has the animal been trained to perform ?", "staff cannot ask about the person ’ s disability , require medical documentation , require a special identification card or training documentation for the dog , or ask that the dog demonstrate its ability to perform the work or task .", "public entities may exclude service animals only if 1 ) the dog is out of control and the handler cannot or does not regain control ; or 2 ) the dog is not housebroken ( i . e . , trained so that , absent illness or accident , the animal controls its waste elimination ) . . unwarranted or unprovoked violent behavior , such as uncontrolled barking , vicious growling at other customers , jumping on other people , or running away from the owner are examples of unacceptable behavior .", "the appropriateness of excluding a dog whose behavior is disruptive but not dangerous can be assessed by reviewing how a public entity addresses comparable situations that do not involve a service animal .", "if a service animal is excluded , the individual must be allowed to enter the business without the service animal .", "© 2015 the seeing eye , inc . © 2015 the seeing eye , inc . your monthly gift will help us train new puppies to become our next generation of highly skilled seeing eye dogs .", "do you love dogs ?", "why not become a puppy carer ?", "seeing eye dogs australia are urgently seeking loving homes for puppies in your area .", "seeing eye dogs australia is very proud of what they have achieved in more than 50 years of service .", "in the early days of this sirius investigation i kept on seeing the repeating pattern of the eye / hand , or spirit palm as it ’ s come to be known , and more recently the trident started coming to my attention .", "in light of this shiva / sirius connection i can now appreciate why my intuition nudged me to include these symbols on this blog .", "© 2015 the seeing eye , inc . © 2015 the seeing eye , inc . you ’ ve no doubt seen that eerie , greenish - yellow glowing look of a dog ’ s eyes when light hits them at night , such as from headlights or a flashlight , and in photos ( caused by the camera flash ) .", "what you ’ re seeing comes from the tapetum .", "the blue genie being released from his egg - shaped prison could be symbolic of the opening of the pineal gland / 3rd eye .", "you could say that when the lamp / eye is opened the blue gene ( symbolic of enlightenment ) is released into the body .", "you could call this gene the spirit molecule , or dmt , or melatonin , or a number of other things .", "the opening of the pineal gland seems to be a catalyst for the awakening of the inner ‘ blue one ’ .", "wiki : the word \" rudraksha \" ( sanskrit : rudrākşa = rudra “ red ” + akşa \" eye \" ) , means the \" eye of rudra \" .", "on the therion album cover above we find the red eye ( rudra ) connected to the name sirius - the star associated with shiva / rudra .", "the red eye ( like the symbol of hydrogen looked at earlier ) points directly to the pineal gland which awakens the cobra / hydra and turns us blue : r . t . - if you look at a dart board you find that the red bulls - eye represents the hub of the wheel which everything else revolves around .", "it connects / unites everything together , which is why i think it ' s a perfect analogy for the opening of the 3rd eye / kkonsciousness .", "akc family dog columnist dr . stanley coren says , in psychology today , “ the shiny surface of the tapetum bounces any light that has not been caught by the photosensitive cells back up to the retina , thus giving the photoreceptors a second chance at catching the dim light entering the eye .", "” the dog is as much considered the vahana or animal vehicle of the indian god shiva as is the bull , nandi .", "here we see shiva / rudra / bhairava riding on sirius , the black dog - star : dog vision tries to take these factors into account .", "simply upload a photo and in a few moments the app will show you how your dog would see that scene .", "here are a few ways the photo will change .", "the rhodesian ridgeback stands patiently as jack seidler , 9 , whose mother says \" never interacts with anybody , \" first pats , then hugs , then drapes himself across the dog ’ s broad back .", "the mother catches her breath in surprise .", "the dog ’ s trainer smiles .", "wyatt is not a companion dog , says his owner , janice wolfe of wyckoff .", "he is a test dog .", "amanda brown / the star - ledgerkatherine zdrojowy ( left ) met with with janice wolfe ( right ) and her rhodesian ridgebacks .", "the 9 - year - old traveled from florida to meet wolfe in her wyckoff home to help figure out what temperament of dog would work best as a service dog .", "on the other side of the well - worn living room where the nicest furniture is the dog beds , wolfe asked katherine what she wants in a dog .", "amanda brown / the star - ledgerjack seidler , age 9 , and his sister victoria , age 4 , got to meet janice wolfe ' s rhodesian ridgeback dog wyatt in his bergenfield home .", "jack is autistic and the family wants to find him a service dog . \"", "it ’ s not easy to find a dog short of a mastiff that might be able to handle jack , \" wolfe said . \"", "i ’ ll keep trying , but with 70 kids on the waiting list , i can ’ t put all my focus on a child who might put the dog in harm ’ s way .", "autism and service - dog organizations cautioned anyone who is considering a therapy dog to fully investigate the background and experience of the trainer .", "a good program , they said , must include follow - up training and support .", "a person or business becomes a member of the 365 club if they donate $ 365 to freedom guide dogs to support the cost of guide dog equipment for one guide dog placement .", "in the past few years , freedom has hired two apprentice trainers ( now fully certified ) and a director of training .", "freedom placed 29 guide dogs with blind people in 2010 and 32 guide dogs in 2011 . we are on track to place a record 34 guide dog teams in 2012 !", "in addition to growing our staff and client base , freedom has grown its volunteer base as well .", "we currently have over fifty active puppy raisers !", "that ’ s more than fifty people sharing in the journey of raising a freedom guide dog !", "dog owners are endlessly fascinated by the many abilities their extraordinary companions possess .", "we also like to compare them to ourselves : the difference between canine and human scenting ability , or dog years to human years , for example .", "want a more visual answer to the question of a dog ’ s night vision ?", "you can get a sense of the spectrum of vision they possess at dog vision , which has an image processing tool that allows users to upload a photo that can be modified to show the difference between how humans and dogs see it .", "second , passengers cruising with service animals must also obtain all customs and other governmental approvals so that the dog may disembark with the handler in the various ports of call .", "many countries have strict entry requirements for service animals and some do not allow service animals at all .", "be sure to check with the cruise line to see what options , if any , are available for leaving your dog on the ship .", "under the ada , service animals are defined as dogs that are individually trained to do work or perform tasks for people with disabilities .", "examples of such work or tasks include guiding people who are blind , alerting people who are deaf , pulling a wheelchair , alerting and protecting a person who is having a seizure , reminding a person with mental illness to take prescribed medications , calming a person with post traumatic stress disorder ( ptsd ) during an anxiety attack , or performing other duties .", "this definition does not limit the size , weight or breed of the dog .", "the work or task a dog has been trained to provide must be directly related to the person ’ s disability .", "dogs whose sole function is to provide comfort or emotional support do not qualify as service animals under the ada .", "health care personnel are generally not responsible for the care and supervision of a service animal .", "in cases where a patient is confined to bed in a hospital for a period of time , a family member , friend , or other person may assume the responsibility of taking the dog out several times a day for exercise and elimination .", "in emergency situations , however , responders may temporarily need to provide immediate care and supervision for the dog if the patient is unable to do so .", "i would really be interested in seeing you write about the underworld link to sirius .", "i have been seeing blue light when i close my eyes more and more for the past 4 / 5 years . . . . 8 years ago i was folloed by the numbers 123 and 321 it peaked in 2007 , and since then i have been on an esoteric jouney : d i stumbled across the us air force 23rd special tactics squadron logo just over a week ago .", "initially the number 23 caught my eye and while scanning the image for further clues i couldn ’ t believe that there was a genie lamp right beside it .", "when the kundalini serpent has the opportunity to climb the dna ladder ( due to some kind of stimulating force … like entheogenic plants , or the arrival of sirius ? )", "the 3rd eye begins to awaken .", "once the ‘ inner - serpent ’ has been awoken , the crown chakra opens on top of the head and we become one with our higher self / god / universe / love / whatever .", "notice the red eye in the album cover above .", "here ’ s what i learned about shiva / rudra : song number 8 on the ‘ sirius b ’ album happens to be called ‘ melek taus ’ .", "if you read my last post then this name should be familiar as he ’ s the blue peacock angel .", "to the yesidiz people he is ‘ gods angel ’ and he seems to be the equivalent of the blue - skinned shiva ( sirius ) in the hindu traditions .", "you ’ ll also find the peacock angel with the red eye of rudra / shiva : the peacock / cobra / hydra awakens when the blue gene ( possibly located in the pineal gland / 3rd eye ) is released into the body / mind / spirit .", "nobody does the whole peacock / cobra / awakening thing better than the ancient egyptians .", "here we see the serpent emerging from the 3rd eye of the pharaoh and notice that the head dress is fanned out like the hood of an alert cobra : red i : like in the red eye of mordor , the red i is the \" i \" / ego of evil .", "jake hasn ' t quite gotten that , yet .", "c - ing red is just the symbolic phrase for going beserk , going mad in a rush of killing .", "the red eye resonates anger and being tired .", "the symbol for hydrogen and the third - eye of doctor manhatten ( ny / oz ) is also a shortcut to draw a 90degree angle , used by 3rd degree master masons , highest degree of the blue lodge , to check the stone work of the lower level masons .", "people who do this sort of thing don ' t seem to realize there ' s some very basic reasons for symbolism and that not everything is a secret revelation .", "for example , the sky is blue .", "a rainbow has the same natural color scheme as a peacock ' s feather , especially when it appears in a circle around the sun and appears circular like the eye of a peacock .", "the yezidis believe melek taus usually appears as a rainbow around the sun .", "and wiping the webs and the dew from my withered eye .", "prying open my third eye .", "i opened my eye and there we were .", "in 1991 , interscope won a ferocious multi - label bidding war ( which according to firsthand accounts , pitted an estimated 18 to 22 different labels against each other ) and signed helmet for a reported cool one - million - plus dollars .", "under the watchful eye of the record biz , and on the heels of nirvana ' s huge commercial breakthrough , helmet were curiously touted as the next big thing .", "unsurprisingly , expectations would never be fully realized .", "arguably one of the most influential and overlooked rock records of the ' 90s , meantime threw the rule book out the window .", "led by the classically trained page hamilton , helmet ' s bludgeoning riffs combined with their stop - go - stop - go minimalist attack changed the face of aggro - rock .", "its importance cannot be overstated .", "from the steve albini - produced title track through \" role model , \" the band is relentless .", "on \" give it , \" hamilton spews \" killing hurts / has to be done / peace and love / who ' s number one , \" and later \" the right to give / learn to bleed / it ' s free / pain is outside / lift it up to see . \"", "as the hypnotic riff and john stanier ' s piccolo snare echo throughout , the band thrashes through the song like a ten - ton hammer .", "again , every song is colored by teutonic riffs , with only \" unsung \" hinting at a gasp of commercial accessibility .", "“ this not only adds to the light ’ s brightness but it also slightly changes the color of the light that is reflected back , \" coren says . \"", "the color shift moves the wavelength of the light closer to that to which the rods are most sensitive to and can best detect .", "” and the tapetum reflects up to 130 times more light than the human eye .", "this is why dogs are five times more sensitive to light that we are .", "avoid offering assistance ( if required ) to a dog guide handler .", "discriminate against a person because they are using a dog guide .", "walk about 1metre ahead if the handler is instructing their dog to “ follow ” and continue talking to the person .", "alert the person to any unusual behaviour or physical appearance of their dog .", "aug 18 , 2017 august 2017 graduating class “ congratulations to the new guide dog teams on this graduation . . . for more on the sirius syncnificance of the letter ‘ v ’ ( seen above ) check out an act of dog .", "so the blue skinned shiva / redra resonates with the bow and arrow and we find that the dog - star sirius is also closely connected to these symbols , and like the red / blue shiva , sirius has also been described as red and blue .", "are you noticing the pattern here ?", "check out wiki and you ’ ll find that there ’ s controversy surrounding sirius and the colors red and blue .", "i ’ ve been writing / thinking about ‘ the blue one ’ for a while now and it started to feel like the dog - star was being sidelined .", "thanks to all this blue genie stuff i ’ ve not really known where this investigation was heading .", "my original plan to focus on sirius was beginning to fall apart .", "at the start of this week i was at work and had some spare time on my hands so for old times sake i looked up sirius on wikipedia .", "when i read this line i couldn ’ t quite believe it : so let ’ s take a quick look at how shiva is associated with the black dog ( star ) .", "sirius , our possible binary companion , may trigger this blue gene as it approaches earth at it ’ s estimated speed of 12 miles per second .", "shiva is known as ‘ the pure one ’ and the arrival of sirius is possibly responsible for purifying our dna .", "many ancient cultures in the past have endowed the blue sirius with very prominent roles in their religion / mythology , and perhaps they knew about the dog - stars role as a cosmic trigger that awakens ‘ the blue beast ’ within .", "i ’ ve looked at actor gary oldman ( sirius black ) a number times in the past and i ’ ve always associated him with the g . oldman without really understanding why .", "gold and blue seem to be colors that resonate strongly with the the blue djinn in aladdins gold lamp , and also with the blue dog - star .", "the egyptians knew a thing or two about the opening of the kobra konsciousness and they also knew a hell of a lot about the black dog - star .", "their entire culture / calendar / religion revolved around sirius !", "near - sightedness : dogs are also very nearsighted compared to humans .", "a special test , custom - made for dogs , puts them at around 20 / 75 vision , according to psychology today .", "this means a human could barely see at 75 feet is what a dog can just about make out at 20 feet .", "that ' s why this scene of matadors turns from this in a human ' s eyes : but if you start to get sad for the pups , just remember your dog has an incredible sense of smell that basically lets it “ see ” the world in different scents .", "bergen county dog ' s unique trick : connecting with autistic children | nj .", "com with the popularity spike in autism service dogs , however , comes questions not only about the cost and the training of the dogs and their handlers , but the appropriateness of dog companions in every case for children with a spectrum disorder that can have a wide range of behaviors .", "enter wyatt , a 100 - pound , 2 - year - old dog with a special talent .", "the meetings — and wyatt ’ s responses — revealed the variety of factors wolfe must consider before placing a dog with a disabled child . \"", "i want him playful , but not crazy .", "i want people to like the dog , but not to crowd me , \" said katherine . \"", "i can train a dog to do anything , but i won ’ t train him to bite because you don ’ t want people to get too close , \" wolfe said . \"", "how about we train both of you to just back away ? \"", "\" jack is a runner and he is fascinated by traffic , \" she said . \"", "my heart stops when i have to take my eyes off him for a second to help vicky out of her car seat .", "my hope for a dog is a way to get jack engaged in anything and also for backup for myself . \"", "\" we don ’ t comment on other organizations .", "it ’ s a case of buyer beware , \" said corey hudson , president of assistance dogs international in north america . \"", "this is not a piece of equipment .", "it ’ s a dog . \"", "the organization , located 20 minutes south of utica in cassville , ny is now placing guide dogs throughout the eastern u . s . visit the central association for the blind in utica and see several of our clients with their guides .", "we also have concentrations of clients in buffalo , rochester , syracuse and other cities across the state .", "in addition to having clients locally , freedom has a host of local volunteer puppy raisers that house and care for our future freedom guides .", "you will also see the guide dog trainers working the dogs all over the area including downtown utica , new hartford , cooperstown and syracuse .", "how well dogs see in the dark , and what they see , is one of those topics dog lovers often ask about .", "so the first place to start is to understand what the dog evolved to do — what his functions are and how they influence his vision .", "as natural predators , dogs are — or were — nocturnal hunters .", "the wild canines that our pet dogs evolved from are “ crepuscular , ” meaning they are active primarily at dusk and dawn .", "they needed to be able to spot movement in dim light in order to track and catch their dinner ( or breakfast ) .", "adding to dogs ' special ability to see in the dark is their increased field of vision : most dog breeds have about 250 degrees of field of vision .", "compare that to ours , which is about 190 degrees .", "international travel regulations can differ from country to country so be sure to allow enough time to find out what forms , vaccinations and blood tests may be required .", "some of these requirements must be completed months before departure .", "some countries may not allow service animals at all and some may restrict dog food from being brought into the country .", "many countries require the federal government to review , stamp and endorse all documents prior to a dog ’ s departure from the united states .", "the health certificate and supporting documents prepared by an accredited veterinarian are then endorsed by a state ’ s usda animal and plant health inspection service veterinary services official veterinarian .", "the fee for stamping / endorsement varies by the number of tests required for the health certificate .", "some countries also require their own import certificate to be filled out before allowing guide dogs to enter .", "generally import permits can be obtained from the destination country ’ s ministry of agriculture or a state ’ s veterinary services official veterinarian .", "allergies and fear of dogs are not valid reasons for denying access or refusing service to people using service animals .", "when a person who is allergic to dog dander and a person who uses a service animal must spend time in the same room or facility , for example , in a school classroom or at a homeless shelter , they both should be accommodated by assigning them , if possible , to different locations within the room or different rooms in the facility .", "fears , allergies , cultural beliefs or concerns about other patrons being disturbed by the dog ’ s presence are not valid reasons for refusing access .", "likewise , service animal owners cannot be required to sit in a specific area in order to keep their dogs away from other patrons .", "according to the centers for disease control and prevention , no evidence suggests that dogs pose a more significant risk of transmitting infection than people .", "therefore , patients , visitors , instructors , volunteers , students , employees , and others with service animals are permitted in all areas of the facility unless an individual ' s situation or a particular dog poses greater risk that cannot be mitigated through reasonable measures .", "when a decision must be made regarding a dog ' s access to a restricted area of the health care facility , the entire situation must be evaluated on a case - by - case basis .", "health - care personnel should consider the nature of the risk ( including duration and severity ) ; the probability that injury will occur ; and whether reasonable modifications of policies , practices , or procedures will mitigate the risk .", "the person with a service animal should contribute to this assessment .", "sometimes zoos or other places with animals may need to restrict access to people with service animals in certain areas where the dog ' s presence would pose a direct threat to the health and safety of the animals .", "likewise , some national parks require the owner of a service animal to obtain a special permit before allowing access to its backcountry or other restricted areas of the park .", "an instructor works with a yellow labrador retriever around a barrier of cones and caution tape set up on a side walk .", "clever pups need your help today .", "we rely on the support of volunteer puppy carers to provide loving homes for our puppies for the first 12 to 15 months of their lives .", "1st prize mitsubishi lancer and $ 20 , 000 cash .", "plus another $ 15 , 000 in prizes to give away .", "view slide : clever pups need your help today .", "with services , staff and facilities not duplicated , they are able to run a national organisation both efficiently and cost effectively .", "through our services , we hope to enhance the atmosphere of social caring , and to nurture the concept of animal protection .", "additionally , we would like to empower hong kong people to pay more attention to socially vulnerable groups and understand the needs of the physically or mentally impaired communities .", "sep 15 , 2017 september 2017 graduating class in loving memory of alma catsman we gratefully acknowledge the fain . . . jul 31 , 2017 supercomputer helps determine which puppies can serve the blind artificial intelligence helps determine which puppies can serve the blind . . . . jul 21 , 2017 july 2017 graduating class congratulations to the july 2017 graduating teams .", "our sponsorship is . . . by using this site , you agree to the terms of use and privacy policy .", "check it out !", "with dr . steve brule check it out !", "with dr . steve brule dr . steve faces his deepest fears .", "dr . steve learns about different kinds of food , and makes a special friend .", "dr . steve goes out on the town to make some new friends .", "dr . steve dines on seafood and hides his wallet from a pirate .", "carol krabit reports on the weather .", "dr . steve gets career advice and goes gambling .", "doug prishpreed gives a sports update .", "dr . steven brule and his new co - host linda barelli explore the wonder of planes and air travel .", "dr . steven brule checks out what a home is and where some people live .", "dr . steven brule learns what a horse is .", "dr . steven brule finds out exactly what are children and how to raise and train them .", "for terms of use click here .", "tm & © turner broadcasting system , inc . a time warner company .", "all rights reserved .", "adultswim .", "com is part of turner entertainment digital which is part of the turner sports & entertainment digital network . \"", "when the blue star kachina makes its appearance in the heavens , the fifth world will emerge .", "this will be the day of purification .", "it will come when the saquasohuh ( blue star ) kachina dances in the plaza and removes his mask . \"", "– ancient hopi indian prophecy various sources on the net report that the blue star kachina is the hopi name for sirius ( above ) , the bluest and brightest star in the night sky .", "in the last post i looked at the blue one who wears the mask of the peacock angel melek taus , shiva the ‘ the supreme one ’ , and even aladdin ’ s blue djinn .", "each of these enlightened archetypes resonate with the blue peacock for a number of different reasons , and the peacock seems to point towards the pineal gland thanks to the pine cone statue located in the vatican courtyard .", "peacocks , pineals and pinecones .", "who would have thought it … when looked at through the lens of synchronicity we find that enlightenment comes in various shades of blue and it ’ s this ‘ gene of enlightenment ’ , or ‘ blue gene ’ , that i ’ m going to focus on in this post .", "let ’ s take a quick look at this image : have a good look at the image and see what you make of it .", "notice the emphasis placed on the color blue , the thunderbolt of zeus / jupiter , the sword / knife , the 3 arrows ( or prongs of a trident ?", ") , the parachute , the number 23 , and the aladdin ’ s lamp .", "there ’ s a hell of a lot crammed in there so i ’ m going to try and gradually unravel some of it as best i can over the next few posts .", "i hope you like reading about genies , that ’ s all i can say : ) if we start with the number 23 we know that it resonates with the theme of breaking free and it ’ s also linked to the genetic structure of our dna .", "let ’ s not forget that sirius is closely connected to this particular number and it was thanks to the black star that i started investigating 23 in the first place .", "for more on the sirius / 23 connection you ’ ll need to sample a raw egg .", "i like to think of the blue gene as a trojan horse that ’ s been installed onto our computers / dna a long time ago .", "it ’ s been lurking inside each of us waiting to be triggered , and i believe that sirius could be the one with the finger on the button .", "when the button is pressed and the gene of kkonsciousness emerges from aladdins lamp , what takes place could be likened to the buddha sitting beneath the bodhi tree and becoming one with the universal flow for the first time .", "or it could be likened to odin hanging for 9 days on the world tree yggdrassil in order to obtain the knowledge of the cosmos , or even neo and his red pill .", "something changes and these enlightened beings re - connect with knowledge , abilities , gifts , that simply weren ’ t there before .", "their connection with spirit is raised to a whole new level and they ‘ upgrade ’ to the color blue .", "all of these stories about blue skinned enlightened beings are either pure fantasy , or there ’ s a grain of truth to it all .", "i ’ m not saying that when / if we become enlightened we literally turn blue .", "that would be silly .", "what i ’ m suggesting is that the ‘ blue peacock gene - ie ’ aligns us with khrist konsciousness , enlightenment , or whatever else you choose to call it .", "when it ’ s released from it ’ s imprisonment maybe all our wishes come true … notice above that the head of a cobra is emerging from the lamp in the 23rd air force logo .", "the cobra shaped plume of smoke brings to mind the spiral dna helix which is serpentine in nature , and the kundalini serpent which helps us flow on the currents of khrist konsciousness .", "that ’ s my hunch anyway .", "we saw the blue cobra emerging from the lamp in the 23rd us air force logo ( similar to the image above ) and it ’ s no surprise to find the blue cobra connected to the enlightened buddha : notice above that the mythical hydra , the multi - headed snake , is symbolic of the enlightened buddha .", "while wondering about the hydra i couldn ’ t help but think of the element hydrogen .", "hydrogen is the chemical element with atomic number 1 . it is represented by the symbol h , the symbol of pisces ( duality ) and infinity ( h = 8 ) .", "hydrogen helps us become ‘ one ’ with the universe ( hence its atomic number ) because hydrogen constitutes roughly 75 % of the universe ' s elemental mass .", "stars are mainly composed of hydrogen in their plasma state .", "the symbol of hydra resonating hydrogen : the word genesis ( or genisis – the dna genie of isis / sirius ) means being , and at this moment in time all my synchronicities seem to involve being blue .", "looking back at one of my old posts i noticed that the blue gene made an appearance in the pineal stargate without me realizing : so we ’ ve seen that the cobra / hydra is somehow important in all of this blue business .", "the fan of the cobra is nearly identical to the fan of the blue peacock in this image .", "both represent the halo of an enlightened being , and the cobra / peacock are two creatures which signify someone who has awakened the blue gene : ' shiva ( sanskrit : श ि व , śiva , \" auspicious one \" ) is a major hindu god and one aspect of trimurti .", "in the shaiva tradition of hinduism , shiva is seen as the supreme god .", "shiva literally means \" the supreme one \" .", "adi sankara interprets shiva to mean either \" the pure one \" or \" the one who is eternally pure \" .", "the name shiva , in one interpretation , is also said to have derived from the dravidian word siva , meaning \" to be red \" .", "it is the equivalent of rudra , \" the red \" .", "so why would we have a blue god whose name means red .", "blue ( water / cold ) and red ( fire / hot ) are opposites and represent the yin / yang of duality .", "shiva ‘ the blue / red one ’ is therefore perfectly balanced between the two which is why he is ‘ the pure one ’ .", "balance is required for the kundalini serpent ( or blue gene ) will not be released from the lamp / palm / hand / dna ( h ) .", "red & blue = purple , and purple is another color that resonates with khrist konsciousness .", "check out the purple jesus for more .", "the name shiva / siva , meaning \" to be red \" , is the equivalent of rudra , \" the red \" .", "so let ’ s take a look at rudra ( or red - ra ) : wiki : rudra is believed to be an earlier form of shiva .", "the sanskrit name rudra is usually derived from the root rud - which means \" to cry , howl . \"", "according to this etymology , the name rudra has been translated as \" the roarer \" .", "an alternate etymology suggested by prof . pischel derives rudra ( \" the red , the brilliant \" ) from a lost root rud - , \" to be red \" or \" to be ruddy \" , or according to grassman , \" to shine \" .", "stella kramrisch notes that the adjectival form raudra , which means wild , and translates the name rudra as \" the wild one \" or \" the fierce god \" .", "the peacock and the pleiades are closely connected due to murugan the supreme general of the hindu demi - gods .", "for more on the shiva / pleiades connection check out surfing the rainbow wave .", "could the ‘ sweet influence ’ from the peacock resonating pleiades unlock the blue gene ?", "wiki : the adjective shiva in the sense of \" propitious \" or \" kind \" is applied to the name rudra in rig veda .", "rudra is called \" the archer \" and the arrow is an essential attribute of rudra .", "the word is derived from the sanskrit root śarv - which means \" to injure \" or \" to kill \" and the name śarva translates as \" one who can kill the forces of darkness \" .", "the names dhanvin ( \" bowman \" ) and bāṇahasta ( \" archer \" , literally \" armed with arrows in his hands \" ) also refer to archery .", "the ancient chinese visualized a large bow and arrow across the southern sky , formed by the constellations of puppis and canis major .", "in this , the arrow tip is pointed at the wolf sirius .", "several cultures also associated the star sirius with a bow and arrows .", "a similar association is depicted at the temple of hathor in dendera , where the goddess satet has drawn her arrow at hathor ( sirius ) .", "known as ' tir , ' the star was portrayed as the arrow itself in later persian culture .", "the arrow / bow connection came to my attention recently due to the earthquake in italy .", "for more on the sirius / arrow relationship check out the robin has hatched .", "wiki : as mrgavyadha , the star sirius represents rudra ( shiva ) .", "all i could think was wow .", "it felt like all this blue gene / genie stuff had just clicked into place .", "it suddenly dawned on me that sirius could possibly be responsible for awakening the blue one , or blue gene .", "it is a blue star after all , and like the hopi prophecy suggests , it ’ s the blue kachina ( sirius ) whose going to usher us into this new ‘ age of enlightenment ’ .", "wiki : the hindu deity bhairava , the wrathful form of shiva as a forest - dwelling yogin , is depicted accompanied by dogs , animals as outcaste as he once was .", "in fact , when shiva is depicted with four dogs , they are said to represent the 4 vedas - the most ancient of scriptures .", "shiva in his wrathful form as bhairava is especially portrayed with dogs : in the rig veda we find rudra ( aka shiva ) described as \" fierce like a formidable wild beast \" .", "therion is another name for ‘ wild beast ’ so i looked it up on dictionary .", "com : everything felt like it was coming together all at once on the therion album cover .", "however , when i looked inside i found something else i wasn ’ t expecting .", "so what ’ s all this got to do with the ‘ therion ’ or the ‘ wild one ’ or ‘ the beast ’ ?", "believe it or not but we might find the answer to this question in the movie toy story 2 . so let ’ s say that stinky pete ( as ridiculous as it sounds ) symbolizes the blue gene - ie from aladdins lamp .", "stinky pete was voiced by actor kelsey grammar and i don ’ t think it ’ s coincidence that he starred in x - men 3 in the form of the blue - skinned ‘ beast ’ : the beast is the therion , or wild one , and it ’ s the blue gene that ’ s waiting to be set free of the box / lamp / dna .", "the phrase ‘ unleash the beast ’ springs to mind .", "melek taus is also known by the name lucifer ( aka satan / the beast ) and even shiva ( sirius ) resonates with the blue devil thanks to his 3 - pronged pitch fork / trident .", "could sirius be the blue lucifer who awakens the peacock angel within ?", "sirius seems to resonate with the blue devil / beast in a number of ways , and maybe it is responsible for awakening the ‘ wild one ’ , or ‘ beast ’ within .", "the word therion ( wild animal / beast ) refers to the wolf , and it ’ s also the name that ‘ the beast ’ aleister crowley assumed .", "maybe the blue wolf - star sirius opens us up to magick and helps us become the blue wizard : i ’ ve covered quite a lot of ground and i appreciate that this is all a little confusing .", "i ’ m going to look at one more ‘ blue one ’ before finishing up this post but before i do here ’ s a quick recap .", "the peacock / cobra / hydra all point towards enlightenment , which is attained by becoming blue .", "we ’ ve seen that the fan of the peacock and the fan of the cobra / hydra both seem to resonate with the same thing .", "they symbolize the ‘ fanning out ’ of kkonsciousness .", "it ’ s the opening of the egg / box ( pineal ) which activates ‘ the blue one ’ .", "notice that gold and blue lapis lazuli dominate the mask of the pharaoh , and on his chin we see the same pattern which is found on the underbelly of the cobra .", "to the egyptians the serpent represented enlightenment .", "in the western religions the serpent has been demonized as the devil / satan / lucifer , but in the distant past it was one of the most sacred creatures , and worthy of the adorning the head of the pharaoh .", "blue is the color of nobility and the royal blood - lines - blue bloods .", "maybe this term originated from the egyptian pharaoh and his connection to the color blue .", "gold is the most precious metal of them all and in alchemy it represents the metal of enlightenment .", "maybe it ’ s the ‘ royal blue gene ’ which transmutes the lead ( denser energy ) into gold ( spirit ) .", "remember that shiva ( sirius ) is ‘ the pure one ’ and it ’ s no surprise that sirius black in the harry potter movies is descended from a royal blood - line – sirius is a blue blood .", "being a blue blood isn ’ t about how wealthy you are in terms of money .", "it ’ s about how wealthy you are spiritually and the more blue in your blood , the better off we seem to be .", "we can ’ t find these riches outside of ourselves because the blue blood is located within the lamp / palm / hand / dna ( h ) : for more about the gold / blue / jupiter / sirius connection i recommend checking out king ham 23 where you ’ ll find some some really fascinating syncs .", "p . s . thanks to a blogging blunder on my behalf my last post ' the blue one ' has vanished into the ethers of cyber space .", "it ' s gone for good but it ' s managed to teach me a valuable lesson on how not to do things in the future .", "i ' m sure everyone who was meant to read it has already done so .", "onwards and upwards . . . : d your last post vanishing is crap . . . but i understand i once had a post that i had worked on for almost a month get erased . . . also i made a purple / blue / dark peacock connection way back when i found that barbie island picture . . . it ' s not until now that it makes more sense . . . jake just told me back then \" purple is cool \" . . . now purple is everywhere .", "also the peacock and the pheniox both have the little plumage on their heads that represent the pineal . . look at a peacocks head . . . better yet gimme a day or two and i ' ll send you some pictures ( got plenty of peacocks over here ) .", "my computer did crash but our blue god video is still intact . . . . talk soon , now if only i can get a post out and quite hanging out at the sync whole . . . shiva is the destroyer .", "the trident is a symbol of destruction .", "but ofcourse they are just symbols for something \" real \" .", "if that star or whatever that might surface is given \" power \" im not sure how pretty it will all be .", "part of the power of the current stronghold of illusionism is confusing ignorance with knowledge .", "w - i think that post being erased was a lesson for me about non - attachment .", "at the end of the day it was just words and images and from a personal point of view it lead me in some new directions .", "it did it ' s job .", "i really dig the phoenix / peacock connection , especially when you consider that the x - men franchise has the phoenix / jean grey ( or the ' grey gene ' ) as the lover of the red - eyed cyclops and the serious wolf - erine .", "having the peacock resonating beast in the mix ties it all together nicely .", "also the x - men logo ( solar cross ) emphasises the connection to a sun / star .", "the peacock and phoenix are like two p ' s in a pod .", "jstevekane - the jungle dj smurf .", "i ' ll never be able to shake that image from my mind when i read your comments !", "i ' m glad this stuff is resonating with you mate .", "r . t . - if you ' re eager to learn about the underworld connection then i recommend checking out the sirius mystery by robert temple .", "this is where i found the majority of the info about the sirius links to anubis , cerberus and other guardians of the underowrld .", "robert has done a hell of a lot more research than me ( and writes a hell of a lot better than me ) so if you want the info i ' d advise that you go straight to the source itself .", "i plan on getting to it sometime ( could be next month , or even next year ) but right now i ' m more interested in the underworld which resides within our body .", "neither of us is necessarily right or wrong .", "we just look at life from our own unique vantage point .", "thanks guys for the feedback .", "911 resonates emergency and help .", "the octagon resonates the stop sign / go no further .", "yet all these also point towards their reverse and higher consciousness .", "its so interesting and telling .", "i met with the blue one in a fight in a dream almost 20 years ago .", "this dream changed my life completly and i knew it was more than a dream .", "after waking up i painted it and met with exact this picture three days later from another source .", "i would like to send you more info if you are interested and i have time . . . all this conection to sirius and colours red / blue , arrow , etc .", "is right on track .", "superman also connects to here .", "i had the dream in germany .", "synchronicity is about pulling synch patterns out of the blue . . . you had a pattern disappear into the blue .", "ka - blue - ee .", "glad i red it before it went poof .", "at the risk of sounding like the simpleton among us ; what about the ubiquitous blue jean ?", "how many of us are wearing denim right now ?", "i know i am ; i only wear jeans .", "blue jean grey ?", "sounds almost too simple a connection to be significant . . . i was listening to a lecture by phil valentine a few days back in which he states that all elements are simply variations on the hydrogen theme , meaning we are all just hydrogen . . . everything is all just hydrogen .", "to make matters worse , i watched what the bleep do we know pt2 last night and that film postulates that , at the quantum level , all are one and the one is consciousness .", "hydrogen ' s atomic number is one , as it all should be . . . as i am , as we are . . . everybody can see symbols however they want .", "well partly true ofcourse .", "it remind me of some of the nonsense talk out of my old dad , when he talks about that there are \" so many possabilities \" .", "well , yes .", "there is .", "there are an endless number of possabilities .", "but it matters how you choose out of this sea .", "in the past for example shiva is the personification of a shivering force , like posidon who rules over earth quakes and floods .", "the trident , well the peace sign to my mind is a trident upside down which would make it an \" m \" ?", "mary magdalene the holy virgin , george w bush ?", "pictogram speak m is female womb , legs upside down .", "the \" w \" is an ass sitting .", "or if you will just the opposite of the female principle , growth , nurturing , love .", "if youre unsure about red eyes think about the red eyes of mad bulls , hal , terminators , robots etc .", "with all respect due - how much more literal do you want it ?", "its a pretty common phrase , and lets suppose theres actually something beneath , that one does radiate a certain \" redness \" when agitated . . hi björn .", "i ' d love to know more about your encounter with the blue one because it sounds like he made quite an impression on you !", "if you manage to find the time i ' d really appreciate anything you have to say on the subject .", "hey toure .", "i like the blue jean grey connection and think the simpler the explanation , the closer it is to the mark .", "it ' s like the priniciple of occam ' s razor : “ the simplest explanation for a phenomenon is most likely the correct explanation . \"", "the jean / gene connection came to me while writing the beckham post over at the sync hole and now it seems to popping up in close connection to some of my sirius leads .", "i ' ve also wondered why the jean / gene is connected to the leg / egl .", "i ' m sure the plot will thicken soon enough . . . in star trek young kirk listens to the beastie boys \" sabotage \" when he steals a car .", "the song sabotage was mentioned on bbc radio 1 yesterday and the dj must have been mentioned it at least a dozen times in the space of 10 minutes .", "i ' ve not heard anything about that particular song in a long time and here you are bringing it up .", "that brings the eggman to mind come to think of it .", "colloidal gold can be anywhere from red to purple and even bluish depending on the size of the particles .", "blue dye in ancient times came from a sea slug , and when the article with the dye was dried in the sun it turned blue , and if it dried in the shade it turned purple , a royal color .", "to dye / die and turn blue or purple .", "i forgot to mention that in the cherish poster , robin tunney wears blue jeans .", "i notice toure mentions jeans .", "i actually hate denim jeans , the only pair i liked was black .", "but it reminds me of bearnie mack in oceans eleven ( which came out in 2001 ) who shakes hands with a billy denham and says \" denim like a jean ! \"", "and then talks about gloves .", "i ' ve added a link to raw eggs at the synchrowiki page on the number 23 . great stuff violator .", "to die / dye and turn blue reminds of jakes latest post chain of eventsmaybe the denim sync also has something to with the mined , or mind .", "i also noticed the denim genes / dna chain on robin tunneys leg and recently connected the gene / jean to the robin in beckham .", "check out the sync whole if you get a chance because a lot of the stuff i ' m writing about is being built on / developed over there .", "i ' d love your feedback as it always seems to be top notch .", "blue star kachina . . . . many possibilities . . . . . paul laviolette has some thoughts on this http : / / www .", "etheric .", "com / . . . . tho . . holding onto light / freq thru these times . . . . . is also a thought . . . . though dan winter also has some intresting syncs . . . http : / / www .", "bibliotecapleyades .", "net / ciencia / ciencia _ danwinter07 .", "htm . . . . great work on your blog keep up the with da sync . . . is the story of my meeting with the blue one .", "thanks for stopping by : ) and thanks for your invitation arrowsmith !", "arrgh .", "sometimes i make de typos . . . . . i meant keep up with da good work !", "!", "!", "!", "!", "!", "!", "! . . . . . .", "by da way did ya ever hear of the blue androgene . . . . . . . . keiarix you might be already aware of them , but the asari race from the mass effect video game are my current favorites among blue entities .", "hi earthstar .", "your comment about the blue androgene prompted a synchronicity which ties in quite nicely with bjorns new blog blue god star .", "check out this sync whole post to see how the blue androgene and dr . manhattan seem to be linked .", "hey mark .", "haven ' t actually played mass effect but thanks for bringing it to my attention .", "one of shiva ' s names is \" the blue and the red \" \" neela lohita \" .", "so \" it \" goes to both extremes of the visible spectrum - similar with alpha - omega , a to z . the blue \" pearl \" or blue bindu [ dot ] is allegedly \" his \" most subtle body . \"", "his \" throat is blue from drinking the poison which arises out of creation , in order to protect it [ compassion / savior / medicine g - d ] ah ha ! . . . .", "still reading all the blogs . . . . i ' m getting old so i don ' t sync as fast as youz gize . . . . : ) ozgnosistic ' s said . . . another interesting thing about hydrogen is that it can seem to go into a hyperdimension . . . . science calls it the lamb effect suggest to google it if you haven ' t heard of it . . . thanks for the inspirational blog will check it out tara . . . thanks !", "the blue god hapy of the egyptian pantheon : http : / / en .", "wikipedia .", "org / wiki / hapy interesting considering the flooding of the nile coinciding with the heliacal rising of sirius .", "the hymn , i feel , is very significant .", "this goddess was also associated with the flooding of the nile and her title meant \" she who runs like an arrow . \"", "\" its hieroglyphs differ from those of the green crown ( red crown ) of lower egypt only by the determinative , which in the case of the crown was a picture of the green crown and , in the case of the goddess , a rearing cobra . \"", "i also think leaving shakti out of this picture may render it incomplete as shiva and shakti are inextricably linked .", "she is also the gateway to unlocking the \" serpant \" in kundalini yoga .", "to gain an accurate assessment of the big picture we must not overlook the importance and integration these goddesses play .", "you think you ' ve got problems said . . . a rainbow is a natural physical manifestation of illusion and a peacock ' s feather is also a natural manifestation .", "this is why it is used in tibetan buddhism and perhaps why other cultures use it ; as a natural way to relate ideas .", "tibetans also use the symbolism of the vase , the mirror , the crystal ball , the bell the vajra , the mandala and on and on .", "they ' ve often used the symbols from other cultures and completely reinvented them or altered their meaning .", "in a lot of ancient cultures , people attributed the elements to colors and they didn ' t always agree even within the same culture .", "tibetan buddhism is a perfect example of this .", "in tibetan buddhism , each color belongs to a specific \" buddha family . \"", "the blue medicine buddha you have repeatedly shown in this example really has nothing to do with the ideas you ' re associating with it .", "not all buddhas are blue , so blueness has nothing to do with enlightenment and certainly nothing to do with \" christ consciousness . \"", "depending on who is in the center of the mandala , either blue or white can represent space or water .", "whichever color is not represented as space becomes water , so we have either blue space and white water or white space and blue water .", "green is air ( think trees ) , red is fire and yellow is earth .", "and that is within one tradition ; a tradition which , by the way , does not mix well with other traditions , really , as its wisdom is self - contained and very , very specific .", "it ' s easier to stick with and master one tradition than it is to play these association games .", "if you want to do that , i ' d stay stick with a qaballah - based western mystery traditition and realize that the associations you ' re making are not accurate , but only accurate and useful to you within the system you are using .", "also , whatever you discover is going to be different than what you would discover in other traditions .", "there are different degrees of \" enlightenment \" and i would call some of them closer to confusion , actually .", "wow .", "you said very well .", "i see the symbols to i was on the path when i found you .", "thats how i found you .", "intution takes you for ride doesnt it .", "i talk to my best friend about this stuff all the time .", "wow .", "you know i ' m a pisces and i was born on the 8th .", "alls i know now is thats music to my ears .", "i know what you are talking about .", "i ' m going to look up which plants stimulates it .", "and i got the feeling it is the lotus flower .", "thanks .", "luckyjade3883 @ gmail .", "com wish i ' d come across this sooner !", "i had just recently put together a whole ton of material about melek myself , and i can point out a parallel thread that may not have occurred to you : the blue fairy from artifical intelligence ( which was borrowed from pinnochio ) .", "the logo for the company that made the kid is a man who appears to be rising up from something , holding his arms in the same pose as the silver surfer on a video i believe you may have posted about this . . . i later went back to the beginning of the movie and almost crapped my pants when the real kid told him it looked like a peacock !", "it ' s also ironic that they are told the blue fairy can be found at the end of the world , where the lions weep : manhattan .", "could that be point us back to the blue dr . manhattan ?", "also , the commonly seen but not so commonly understood symbol of the crescent with the circle above it now seems to me to represent an ascended man emerging from an egg . . . you ' ll find that symbol on lucia ' s hat and pendant in one of my favorite classic rpg ' s , lunar 2 : eternal blue , which also refers to a blue star .", "i ' d also recommend checking out daft punk ' s cartoon video , interstellar 555 . lots of blue guys in that one , including the same arms - down pose as silver surfer and the ai logo , which also is made by tom cruise in vanilla sky ( he also has a snowboard in that movie , a la surfer ) .", "the movie click deals with a lot of blue mystical - ness , and morty is an angel of death . . . i ' ve got a huge video i ' m making of all of this , since this is actually a very personal theme for me , especially what you tipped me off to about the wolf . . . great job i like your ability to notice the picture behind the picture and your diversity in things , you have an amazing mind .", "thank you for your article i loved reading it , i am a shiva worshipper and may he bless you .", "wow written almost 3 years ago and about blue genes and not one mention of david bowie . . . sometimes i feel like . . . jazzin ' for blue jean . . . ah well i was late getting here and wonder when i will turn my blue ( j ) gene blue , hope this helped someone else down the sync . . . p . s . if you are still reading this and i hope you are as my head is about to explode .", "read the blob a few years back but it had no meaning as it does now that i have fallen into the sync hole or so it seems .", "oh right my p . s . ibm blue gene specifically blue gene q soon to be finished in you guessed it . . . 2012 . hehe oh and a bonus the first \" blue gene \" simulated approximately one percent of a human cerebral cortex !", "* grin * this is what synchromystic is all about .", "inspired and spot on .", "dennis dreaming of that face again .", "it ' s bright and blue and shimmering .", "and comforting me with it ' s three warm and wild eyes .", "a child ' s rhyme stuck in my head .", "it said that life is but a dream .", "to find i ' ve known this all along . \"", "so good to see you .", "i ' ve missed you so much .", "so glad it ' s over .", "came out to watch you play .", "is this holy crow above me .", "and blue as our new second sun .", "to pull the pieces from the sand .", "to see just who i might have been .", "but the eyes seem so familiar .", "singing one familiar song . . . \" so good to see you .", "i ' ve missed you so much .", "so glad it ' s over .", "i ' ve missed you so much .", "came out to watch you play .", "so good to see you once again .", "i thought that you were hiding .", "and you thought that i had run away .", "chasing the tail of dogma .", "i thought that you were hiding from me .", "and you thought that i had run away .", "chasing a trail of smoke and reason .", "hi there , i enjoy reading through your article post .", "i wanted to write a little comment to support you and wish you a good continuationall the best for all your blogging efforts .", "leah vanzandt - ruth said . . . nobody mentioned gene ( jean - - as in blue - - djinn ) genie yet . . . the first thing i thought of was the hopi prophecy of blue star kachina . . . awesome inc . theme .", "powered by blogger .", "you have successfully emailed the post .", "most people know that dogs don ’ t see as well as humans , but there are a lot of misconceptions floating around about the way they see the world .", "but now a small web app , first uncovered by the next web , can show you how the world looks through your pooch ’ s eyes .", "dogs , contrary to popular belief , do not see the world in black - and - white .", "their vision is actually most similar to people with red - green color blindness .", "but there are other ways humans differ from dogs as well , including less sensitivity to both brightness and variations in shades of grey .", "colors : humans ( and dogs ) have two types of color receptors : rods and cones .", "rods handle peripheral and night vision — brightness and shades of gray .", "cones deal with day vision and color perception .", "each of the cones detects a different wavelength of light , and through using our three types of cones , humans can detect a full spectrum of hues ( in a similar way to how you mix primary colors in paint ) .", "dogs only have two types of cones ( like red - green colorblind humans ) , and this makes their color vision very limited .", "brightness discrimination : dogs are substantially worse than humans at determining difference in brightness , or looked at another way , different shades of objects .", "in fact , dogs are twice two times worse at differentiating between shades than humans are .", "that ' s why this photo of fall foliage changes from this : most people know that dogs don ’ t see as . . . get the best of business insider delivered to your inbox every day .", "* copyright © 2017 business insider inc . all rights reserved .", "registration on or use of this site constitutes acceptance of our terms of service and privacy policy .", "stock quotes by finanzen .", "net allmusic relies heavily on javascript .", "please enable javascript in your browser to use the site fully .", "allmusic relies heavily on javascript .", "please enable javascript in your browser to use the site fully .", "the thing that makes bear family ' s untamed hawk a little difficult to listen to for pleasure is the very reason it ' s necessary for serious merle haggard fans and collectors : over the course of five discs , it contains all of the capitol recordings ( plus his early work for talley ) between 1962 and 1968 , including alternate takes and unreleased cuts .", "this is a bonanza , since from the outset , haggard was one of the most reliable of all country singers , turning out consistently enjoyable work due to his terrific ear for material and excellent songwriting and performances .", "he certainly did record a few duds , or at least unrealized tracks , during this time , but those are fascinating in context ( either on the original albums or in this box set ) .", "yet the consistency is rather remarkable ; the singles are usually the standouts , but there are many tracks nearly as compelling as well .", "this is all apparent on the original albums as well as untamed hawk , but the box set may not be the best way to hear this music , largely because of the sequencing .", "like many bear family boxes ( or at least their sets from the ' 80s through the mid - ' 90s ) , this places chronological order before listenability , as it presents everything in session order - - which means that the alternate takes and false starts slow the momentum of the sessions .", "this is a problem , but it is one that can be avoided through judicious use of cd programming ( or at least the fast - forward button ) , but it does also point out that this set is more for the historian than the casual listener .", "that said , those listeners who want a complete set of merle haggard ' s groundbreaking ' 60s recordings will certainly not be disappointed with this , particularly because many of these songs are not easily available on cd , even with the straight - up reissues of his ' 60s albums .", "and , frankly , if you love merle haggard , it is worth investing in this set .", "his music may have grown richer in the years after this set , but even at the outset , he was one of the most inventive , interesting , enjoyable , and flat - out wonderful country artists of his time , and it ' s all worth hearing , from the singles to the album tracks to the cuts that never were aired before this set .", "even if not everything here is perfect , the overall effect is pretty awe - inspiring all the same .", "merle haggard / j . saunders merle haggard / j . saunders merle haggard / j . saunders your weather is set to .", "you can change the location at any time .", "wyatt has worked his magic again .", "dogs have been helping the disabled for centuries , but only recently has there been a concerted movement to provide dogs as therapy for autistic children .", "a decade ago , there were few organizations offering trained companion or service dogs to autistic people .", "now there are dozens . \"", "almost from the moment he was born , wyatt seemed to have a unique affinity for disabled children , particularly those with autism , \" said wolfe , who said she has trained thousands of dogs in the past 30 years . \"", "some dogs are good with active kids ; others with withdrawn kids . \"", "wyatt adapts to any situation and remains calm , even when he has been pushed , prodded , even bitten so hard it drew blood and left a scar .", "wyatt works magic . \"", "wyatt ’ s abilities were recently recognized with a national award from the american kennel club and have been acknowledged by no less than the queen of over - achieving autistic people , temple grandin . \"", "i believe in the work janice and wyatt are doing , \" said grandin , the famous animal scientist who overcame her autism to become one of time magazine ’ s most influential people in 2010 . \"", "dogs are perfect for some autistic kids , but not all .", "some may have a serious sensory problem with the noise , the drooling or the smell . \"", "i know parents look for a single magic bullet they hope will be the breakthrough for their child , but first you have to trust that the assessment team , like janice and wyatt , has the best interests of the child at heart . \"", "the akc 2010 award for canine excellence cited wyatt \" for his remarkable patience \" in \" countless remarkable encounters \" with developmentally disabled children .", "on a recent fall day , wyatt had two meetings .", "the first was with katherine zdrojowy , a fourth - grader with asperger ’ s syndrome who traveled with her mother from florida to wyckoff .", "the second was with jack and his family in bergenfield .", "a cancer survivor who decided that her recovery was a \" sign that should i use my talents to help others , \" wolfe incorporated merlin ’ s kids two years ago .", "the name comes from a beloved horse that died .", "the not - for - profit organization relies entirely on donations and the money wolfe makes from speaking engagements , breeding , book sales and private training she does with clients throughout the country , some of whom are celebrities .", "it is , she said , \" a constant struggle .", "i rescued , trained and placed 61 dogs last year and 27 this year , but i have 70 children on a waiting list .", "i ’ d like to do more , but i don ’ t have the time or the money . \"", "wolfe ’ s goal is to build a ranch in central jersey where she could raise dogs and offer respite for developmentally disabled children and their families .", "the western - themed camp would offer a wide range of therapies for kids , dogs and horses .", "grandin is designing the ranch , but so far it is only a dream .", "wolfe has a site and the plans , but not the funding .", "for now , she focuses on the increasing number of parents seeking her dogs .", "the first step is a session with wyatt .", "in the case of the 9 - year - old from florida — who came to wolfe ’ s house — there was added support from angel , willow , fallon , donut and cody , various generations of dogs bred by wolfe .", "a sunny girl entranced by her first sight of leaves changing colors , katherine was equally enamored with the dogs as she sat on a couch surrounded by several hundred pounds of rhodesian ridgeback . \"", "she ’ s a wonderful kid , but she is a challenge , \" said her mother , shana webb . \"", "she can be verbally explosive and she broke a kid ’ s nose at school last week when he came into the tent she uses when she needs time to be alone .", "amanda brown / the star - ledgerkatherine zdrojowy gets a kiss from wyatt , one of janice wolfe ' s rhodesian ridgebacks . \"", "she is hyper - focused , will bolt if she freaks out and tends to run into traffic , \" said webb .", "her voice betrays the exhaustion of a single working mother raising three children , one of whom needs most of her time and attention .", "the first quantitative study on the impact of service dogs on autistic children was recently published in the journal psychoneuroendocrinology .", "researchers measured cortisol levels in saliva , an accepted stress indicator , in 42 children with autism .", "they found that children who received dogs showed an 80 percent drop in cortisol levels .", "when the dogs were removed , the cortisol levels shot back up , researchers said .", "webb said she was unaware of the cortisol study and knew little about service dogs .", "she found a 2 - year - old article about merlin ’ s kids online and immediately called . \"", "it ’ s not like i have extra dogs waiting in the wings , and i will not skimp on training , \" wolfe said . \"", "i have a tremendous responsibility , not only to the children , but to the dogs . \"", "later that evening , wyatt was back at work , this time at the seidler house in bergenfield .", "it is a cozy house surrounded by a white - picket fence .", "it is so picturesque , you don ’ t notice the triple locks on all the doors , placed above jack ’ s reach , or that the fence is high enough that he can ’ t climb over .", "jack is a tall boy , and weighs almost as much as wyatt .", "he comes from a tall , solidly built family .", "his father is 6 - foot - 5 . it is a problem , as wolfe discovered when jack took wyatt for a walk .", "for all his heft , wyatt could not stop jack as he headed into the street .", "jack was diagnosed autistic when he was 2 . he is in the moderate to severe range , which means watching him \" is a full - time job , \" said his mother , staci . \"", "it kills me to deny even one child , but that ’ s the way it is . \"", "check here if you do not want to receive additional email offers and information .", "see our privacy policy to view and subscribe to any of our other newsletters , please click here .", "© 2017 new jersey on - line llc .", "all rights reserved ( about us ) .", "the material on this site may not be reproduced , distributed , transmitted , cached or otherwise used , except with the prior written permission of new jersey on - line llc .", "community rules apply to all content you upload or otherwise submit to this site .", "use giving assistant to save money and support freedom guide dogs for the blind inc . join giving assistant now and support freedom guide dogs for the blind inc . for free !", "shop online at stores like macy ' s , jc penney , and bed bath & beyond and earn 3 - 30 % cashback donations .", "freedom guide dogs is a 501 ( c ) 3 non - profit organization based in upstate new york , which breeds , raises , trains and places guide dogs with the blind and visually impaired through a distinctive program called hometown trainingtm .", "freedom guide dogs ' services are available to people in the eastern united states at no cost .", "enhance your image with customers and demonstrate a commitment to social responsibility by working with freedom guide dogs to create a customized partnership from which we can both benefit .", "over the past few years freedom guide dogs has grown exponentially .", "we could not have done it without the help and generosity of our dedicated supporters .", "we placed a record 32 guide dogs with blind people in 2011 , have 47 active puppy raisers and employ a staff of 9 , including two certified trainers and a director of training .", "with program growth , there comes a need for financial growth .", "while freedom still depends on the generous support of our individual donors , corporate funding would give freedom the stability for continued growth in our specialized hometown training tm program .", "back freedom partner – freedom is seeking partners to help carry out its mission to serve the blind and visually impaired .", "a freedom partner will have the opportunity to aid in freedom ’ s growth and development while receiving the benefits that come with community outreach and corporate social responsibility .", "in addition , the freedom partner will have branding rights to all of freedom ’ s merchandise , vehicles and facilities .", "the goal is to work together to develop a mutually beneficial relationship that increases exposure , enhances consumer and employee relations and serves as a catalyst for growth and prosperity for both parties .", "that ’ s $ 1 a day !", "you spend more on your morning cup of coffee !", "so why not put that $ 1 toward something that ’ s going to make a difference in someone ’ s life ?", "below are some more reasons to invest $ 1 a day in freedom .", "freedom was started by husband and wife , eric and sharon loori nearly 20 years ago .", "in addition to running a non - profit organization to help serve the blind and visually impaired , they are raising three children including two with downs syndrome , one of which they adopted .", "receive a listing in the freedom forum .", "this is the bi - annual newsletter published by freedom guide dogs in the spring and fall .", "it reaches over 2 , 800 homes , 1 , 400 of which are located in oneida county and the surrounding area .", "you will be listed on the sponsor page of freedom ’ s website .", "the site receives , on average , 300 visitors weekly .", "announcement of your sponsorship will be seen on our facebook page which has over 800 “ likes ” and 500 - 700 active monthly users .", "become a member !", "© 2017 freedom guide dogs .", "an animal ’ s ability to see in the dark is also influenced by flicker fusion frequency ( fff ) ( or threshold ) .", "this is the frequency at which flickering light no longer appears to flicker ( meaning it appears as a constant illumination ) .", "generally speaking , the faster a species moves through its environment , the higher its fff .", "so , dogs can see in the dark , and other low - light situations , better than humans .", "but the tapetum actually does even more : it amplifies that light through a phenomenon called fluorescence .", "you have questions , we have answers .", "download this e - book to get the explanations behind some of the strangest canine behaviors .", "his owner has been away for 7 months .", "now watch when he finds her at home © 2017 american kennel club .", "all rights reserved .", "the air carrier access act ( acaa ) prohibits discrimination against people with disabilities who travel by air with service animals .", "the rule generally applies to flights of u . s . airlines , and to flights to or from the united states by foreign airlines .", "the acaa permits service animals to be seated at the feet of a person with a disability at any bulkhead seat or in any other seat as long as when the animal is seated / placed / curled up on the floor , no part of the animal extends into the main aisle ( s ) of the aircraft and the service animal team is not at an emergency exit row seat .", "when making reservations , passengers are not required to notify the reservationist that they will be accompanied by a service animal unless they request an accommodation or plan to travel to hawaii or to other countries .", "no additional fees may be charged for the service animal or for airport assistance when making connections or visiting animal relief areas .", "carriers may require documentation that the animal will not need to relieve itself on flight segments scheduled to take eight hours or more .", "passengers who feel they have been discriminated against by the airline can file a complaint with the department of transportation ’ s aviation consumer protection division or request immediate on site assistance from a complaint resolution official ( cro ) .", "travelers with complaints about the screening process may request immediate on site assistance from a tsa supervisor or passenger support specialist .", "prior to travel , passengers with questions about screening policies , procedures or what to expect when they arrive at the airport security checkpoint may call tsa cares at 1 - 855 - 787 - 2227 or email tsa - contactcenter @ dhs .", "gov .", "the rabies titer test ( favn test ) is required before traveling to hawaii and many rabies - free countries .", "an interval of 3 weeks is generally recommended between the rabies vaccinations and taking a blood sample but some countries have more specific requirements .", "some countries may also require other types of blood tests .", "the wait time to enter a country after a successful blood test has been drawn can vary from one country to the next .", "the day the sample is received at the kansas state university rabies laboratory begins the countdown for the wait time .", "that serve the public generally must allow service animals to accompany people with disabilities in all areas of the facility where the public is normally allowed to go .", "some state laws define service animal more broadly than the ada does .", "for example , some states allow people who raise and / or formally train service animals to have the same access rights as do people with disabilities who use service animals .", "information about such laws can be obtained from that state ’ s attorney general ’ s office .", "read more about how state and federal laws work to ensure equal access .", "people with disabilities who use service animals cannot be isolated from other patrons , treated less favorably than other patrons , or charged fees that are not charged to other patrons without animals .", "in addition , if a business such as a hotel or rental car agency requires a deposit or fee to be paid by patrons with pets , it must waive the charge for service animals .", "however , if a public entity normally charges guests for damage that they cause , a customer with a disability may also be charged for damage caused by himself or his service animal .", "for more information about service animals and the ada , call the u . s . department of justice ' s ( doj ) toll - free ada information line at 800 - 514 - 0301 or read the doj ’ s overview of federal civil rights laws that ensure equal opportunity for people with disabilities .", "complaints of title ii and title iii discrimination may be filed by mail , fax or email with the doj ’ s disability rights section .", "establishments that sell or prepare food include places like restaurants , cafeterias , coffee shops , cafes , night clubs , bars , convenience stores , grocery stores , ice cream parlors , and other such places where food and beverages are prepared or sold .", "the ada allows service animals in such places , even if state or local health codes prohibit animals on the premises .", "health care facilities include places like hospitals , clinics , doctors ’ and dentists ’ offices , nursing homes , laboratories , kidney dialysis and blood plasma centers , imaging services and emergency transport services .", "facilities and service providers that are owned or funded by the federal government ( such as veterans administration facilities and programs ) have similar responsibilities under section 504 of the rehabilitation act .", "generally , if health - care personnel , visitors , and patients are permitted to enter care areas ( e . g . , inpatient rooms , some icus , and public areas ) without taking additional precautions to prevent transmission of infectious agents ( e . g . , donning gloves , gowns , or masks ) , a clean , healthy , well behaved service animal should be allowed access with its handler .", "similarly , if immunocompromised patients are able to receive visitors without using protective garments or equipment , an exclusion of service animals from this area would not be justified .", "veterinary certificates and vaccination records cannot be required before allowing access unless there is reason to believe that the animal is not in good health .", "lodging establishments include hotels , inns , motels , emergency shelters , campgrounds , sporting camps and other places of transient lodging .", "in some instances , time shares and vacation home rentals may also be covered .", "the ada does not cover owner - occupied establishments with five or fewer rooms but state laws may provide broader access .", "guests with service animals are allowed in areas such as dining rooms and buffets , swimming pool areas , salons and spas , shuttle services , fitness centers and any other place guests are normally allowed .", "when assigning rooms , guests with service animals may not be restricted to \" smoking \" or \" pet \" rooms ; charged extra fees or deposits generally paid by patrons with pets ; or be required to sign a pet policy .", "places of recreation include but are not limited to zoos and wildlife parks , theatres , fairs , farms , health spas , sports stadiums , amusement parks , water recreational facilities , skating rinks , bowling alleys , museums , galleries , libraries and other such places of exhibition or entertainment , public gathering , public display or collection , and recreation .", "any limitations on the use of service animals must be shown by the place of recreation to be necessary for safe operation .", "each facility needs to make a careful assessment of each area to determine where safety concerns justify restricting service animals .", "unsubstantiated fears about potential risks will not suffice to justify the exclusion of service animals from areas open to the general public .", "in the same way , service animals may generally accompany people with disabilities to all areas of an amusement park .", "a ride - by - ride assessment in terms of safety issues should be conducted before excluding service animals from any of the rides .", "in recreation and fitness centers , health and safety concerns generally prohibit guide dogs from being in the pool water .", "help find a cure .", "learn more the vast majority of individuals who develop asbestos cancer are elderly individuals .", "these are people who worked in factories , plants , mills , and shipyards where asbestos was commonly used .", "mesothelioma has a long latency period – often as long as 50 years .", "as a result , most victims were exposed when they were much younger , usually when they were in their 20s or 30s and working hard to raise a family .", "the fact that mesothelioma cancer attacks older individuals can make treatment quite complicated due to existing co - morbidity issues that have already taken a toll on the patient ’ s body .", "furthermore , many patients are dealing with the normal issues of aging such as poor hearing and poor eyesight .", "hearing problems make communicating with medical personnel quite difficult and vision issues make it tough to get around and can make the patient feel isolated .", "individuals with very poor vision often depend on family members to help them get around , even in their own home .", "for many , this is quite frustrating , especially for those who are used to being very self - sufficient .", "cancer patients with bad eyesight must further depend on family members and friends when dealing with both the challenges of poor vision and the rigors of cancer .", "there are many organizations throughout the country that patients or their families can contact to find a guide animal .", "chances are there is one not too far from where you live .", "connect with mesothelioma survivor heather von st . james please fill in the form below to request our free mesothelioma treatment guide .", "it will be sent to you within 24 hours .", "help find a cure .", "request free wristbands copyright © 2017 by the mesothelioma cancer alliance at mesothelioma .", "com .", "all rights reserved .", "the information contained on this site is proprietary and protected .", "any unauthorized or illegal use , copying or dissemination will be prosecuted to the fullest extent of the law .", "notice : this website and its content are sponsored by james f . early , llc , a law firm specializing in asbestos injury litigation .", "attorney advertising .", "prior results do not predict a similar outcome .", "please read our disclaimer for more information .", "we comply with the honcode standard for trustworthy health information : verify here .", "<EOS>" ]

[ [ "reception", "the newreview gave the album a 3 . 5 out of 5 and stated \" . . . helmet still rock , but really haven ’ t been able to recapture the magic of their first three releases . i do have to say that i found seeing eye dog to be better than aftertaste , size matters and monochrome combined . this album probably won ’ t open any new doors for the band . but just like that old dog that you ’ ve grown up with , even with all their faults , it sure is nice to still have them by your side . \"" ], [ "background", "asked in a january 2008 interview if there had been any progress when it comes to putting down ideas for the next helmet album , hamilton replied : \" no . i ' ve been busy working on jazz tunes . i ' ve written four songs since the last tour ended but they ' re for this movie i ' m working on . it has been nice though as i like to clear out the old palette and do other things . helmet put two albums out in 18 months , size matters and monochrome , so i think the next album has got to wait . i ' m planning to sit down and write a couple songs in march but that is assuming i can get on a roll before we head out to australia . but we probably won ' t get an album out until the end of the year . \" in that interview , hamilton was hoping that he could \" do two more albums and that there is also interest on the touring front . but as long as we can go play shows and people come out to them and i feel good about what we ' re doing , then we ' ll do it . realistically , i ' m thinking of two more albums after monochrome as in two years i ' ll be fifty years old . so i ' m thinking will i be capable ? it is very physically demanding and people kind of under estimate the energy you have to put out to play this music . and i don ' t go out to do a half - assed job . so as long as i can maintain that high level and still feel great , i ' ll think about doing it . \" regarding the musical direction of the album , hamilton told aol ' s noisecreep in march 2010 that , \" it ' s a cool album . i ' m really into it . it ' s really good . the mastering guy was freaking out . that makes you feel good . you have to take some time to step back from it . i ' m the singer , songwriter , guitar player , producer . i do all the backing vocals and all the extra instruments . it ' s just about putting everything into it and making it great . you can ' t really worry about what people are going to say . . . a lot of people have a musical agenda or a stylistic agenda . ' i like emo . ' well , we ' re not emo . ' ok fine . ' we ' re not metal . we ' re not hardcore . it ' s just helmet . \"" ] ]

[ "< EOT > graham and russell re - united in 1991 , but by now , their style of music was ancient history and the single \" without you \" barely made the # 48 spot on the charts .", "air supply ' s success slide in the u . s . did not discourage the two performers .", "they then concentrated their efforts outside of the states , which sent them on a world wide tour .", "the popularity of air supply decreased in america , yet increased overseas .", "even to this day , air supply is held in high regard by the international fans and media .", "1993 saw the release of the album , \" vanishing race \" .", "the song , \" goodbye \" claimed # 48 on the u . s . charts , however , internationally , air supply ' s efforts on this album won them great success . \"", "its never too late \" and \" goodbye \" brought gold and platinum sales . \"", "news from nowhere \" in 1995 saw the song \" someone \" hitting # 50 on billboard and once again a busy tour season started for air supply away from the united states .", "as in the beginning for graham and russell , the success of air supply was on the rise again .", "international air play and media continued to support them , but in north america they struggled to reach the charts .", "the boys concentrated on an asian tour that took them to indonesia , thailand , singapore , hong kong , taiwan and the philippines .", "a 16 piece string section accompanied air supply for the making of a live album . \"", "the book of love \" , produced entirely by graham russell , was released november 21 , 1997 and was the first to be recorded at his studio in utah . \"", "the definitive collection \" was released august 26 , 1999 with all the hits , plus the original version of \" lost in love \" and other songs that became favorites but not necessarily singles .", "the package featured new artwork and notes from graham and russell about every song .", "in 2003 , still another original album called \" across the concrete sky \" was released .", "air supply ' s comeback album news from nowhere is a carefully crafted piece of adult contemporary pop , but it lacks memorable songs and suffers from several uninspired performances from the vocal duo .", "1981 saw even further success as \" the one that you love \" album claimed # 2 on the billboard album chart .", "the singles \" the one that you love \" ( # 1 ) , \" here i am \" ( # 5 ) and \" sweet dreams \" ( # 5 ) were enjoyed by millions of americans , making air supply ' s 6th album go multi - platinum .", "the bim award was presented to air supply in honor of \" the one that you love \" .", "in 1982 , \" now and forever \" was released , but stalled at # 25 on the album chart .", "the first single from the album , \" even the nights are better \" made it to # 5 , but the follow ups , \" young love \" only managed # 38 and \" two less lonely people in the world \" also stalled at # 38 . despite the lower chart numbers , \" now and forever \" claimed yet another multi - platinum award .", "in 1983 , \" air supply ' s the greatest hits \" reached # 7 and the song \" making love out of nothing at all \" stayed at # 2 , for 2 weeks .", "the second album named , \" air supply \" , claimed # 26 on the album charts and the single \" just as i am \" reached # 19 . vh1 , gave \" just as i am \" the # 1 video award for 1985 . in 1976 , kansas released the album leftoverture .", "containing the smash hit and million - selling single “ carry on wayward son , ” along with fan favorites such as “ the wall , ” “ miracles out of nowhere , ” and “ what ’ s on my mind , ” leftoverture became the band ’ s breakthrough album .", "the album peaked at # 5 on billboard ’ s album charts and reached sextuple - platinum status with more than six million copies sold .", "they are performing the album in its entirety on this tour .", "in 1976 , kansas released the album leftoverture .", "containing the smash hit and million - selling single “ carry on wayward son , ” along with fan favorites such as “ the wall , ” “ miracles out of nowhere , ” and “ what ’ s on my mind , ” leftoverture became the band ’ s breakthrough album .", "the album peaked at # 5 on billboard ’ s album charts and reached sextuple - platinum status with more than six million copies sold .", "they are performing the album in its entirety on this tour .", "young adults are losing faith in american democracy and have difficulty distinguishing between \" fake news \" and reliable news .", "that ' s according to a new research paper out from tufts university .", "gena perala ’ s musical and lyrical brilliance shines through on exactly nowhere .", "there ’ s a theme of disaffection based on a mistrust of human intentions that runs through the album , but perala also has a sense of humor .", "in essence , exactly nowhere is something of a catalog of musical defense mechanisms that lead to the album ’ s title .", "perala deconstructs , perhaps , her own defenses with humor and grace and a fantastic sense of musical theater .", "she takes tremendous risks and even when things don ’ t quite work out they ’ re certainly interesting .", "exactly nowhere finds gena perala distinctly somewhere wonderful .", "“ elv011 ” – “ welcome nowhere ” by thanksgiving – double lp + cd : out of print a fancy reissued version of our “ elv000 ” , this time with a whole extra record of lost songs from the sessions .", "this is one of 3 records that was recorded in a hexagonal hut on top of a high remote hill above a lake with eagles and military jets , looking out over islands .", "the beginning of our moving studio called “ nowhere ” .", "“ welcome nowhere ” is a classic album , straight up .", "this new version is totally remastered and sounds 1 , 000 , 000 times better .", "glossy full color gatefold jacket , tie - dyed colored vinyl , cd , excellent songs .", "this was previously released in 2007 . seventeen solo acoustic songs taken from all albums so far , including his csn & y stuff , but at time of performance , most songs would have been unfamiliar to the audience .", "from their reactions , you ’ d never have known .", "live sound is supplemented by more relevant photo and video montages .", "the ‘ archives ’ extra on this disc offers three great short videos - ‘ the needle and the damage done ’ and ‘ journey through the past ’ from johnny cash ’ s tv show in 1971 , the ‘ old man ’ from a 1971 documentary , and then a 1997 clip of neil going through his archives , discussing photos from the 1971 tour .", "each is , of course , brilliant .", "“ these young minds will be our leaders in the future , ” says johnny cash .", "how right he was .", "the ‘ radio ’ extra features two recordings , ‘ old man ’ and ‘ a man needs a maid ’ , with redbeard from 1989 . the origin was a line an ex - boyfriend had said to me .", "i can still see it clear as day .", "he was proving a point to me about how our relationship would never be what it was .", "basically that it would never be a loving , caring relationship again .", "it was brutal .", "he said , “ it ’ s exactly different ” in this harsh point proving way , and i thought “ no s * * t . ” i should have left right then and there but … i didn ’ t . anyway , i really liked the juxtaposition of the two words ” exactly ” and ” different ” so i wrote them down , and a couple months later when i finally did leave the guy , i was writing the song “ exactly nowhere ” about how lost and devastated i was feeling and this line just came so perfectly : “ i ’ m 5 ’ 3 ” , i ’ ve got brown hair and i ’ m exactly , exactly nowhere .", "” i ’ ve since thought a lot about the name “ exactly nowhere ” and what those two words together can represent , and they still resonate so strongly .", "no matter where you think you ’ re going or where you ’ ve gotten , philosophically i mean , we ’ re all just exactly … nowhere .", "i had the chance to get an advanced listen to her upcoming album that really wowed me .", "she mixes the sounds of folk and pop music to create catchy yet mellow songs .", "the strong point for me was her intelligent lyrics , clearly from her poetry background , that never hung around for too long as the melody swept you away .", "this was especially evident in the album ’ s title song exactly nowhere and , perhaps my favourite , fine .", "although i couldn ’ t understand the words in la fin ( i ’ m really not much of a canadian , not knowing french ) , i loved that song .", "it ’ s a great song that sounds positively french and is the first single with a video here .", "i ’ m definitely excited for the release of the album , so make sure to check out her music !", "named after the los angeles canyon where neil and many other musicians lived , this disc compiles the demos and songs that made up the beginning of his solo career .", "an alternate version of ‘ everybody knows this is nowhere ’ begins proceedings .", "the ‘ press ’ section of ‘ the old laughing lady ’ has a page excerpt from a magazine interview with neil , the headline of which reads : “ tea fan seeks mate - must own phonograph and be free to travel .", "” one click and you zoom in to read the text .", "fabulous .", "album versions of ‘ down by the river ’ , ‘ cowgirl in the sand ’ and ‘ everybody knows this is nowhere ’ are just as fresh and lovely to these ears as anything i ’ ve heard today .", "fast forward to 1992 , and animal was working on his car , in the rain .", "the phone went , and it was jb , with the news thatmetallica wanted animal to guest at wembley arena , when they did their cover of ‘ so what ’ .", "apparently animals responsewas “ who the fuck are metallica ? , and anyway i ’ m working on my car !", "!", "” jb phoned back later , and managed to persuadeanimal to do the slot .", "animal put it thus on anwl ’ s website .", "“ as i waited on the edge of the stage waiting to go on itsuddenly dawned on me i was just about to stand in front of 10 , 000 punters who didn ’ t know me from adam and sing a songthat i couldn ’ t fucking remember ………… .", "all that kept running through my head was run you silly old fucker !", "” .", "however , afterthe show , the bug had bitten again .", "mark joined that year on lead guitar , and 1993 - 1995 was spent playing gigs in thesmall venues the band had started out in .", "in 1996 , they signed up with impact records and recorded their next album pigiron .", "beef also joined the band after mark ’ s departure .", "i actually released this album last year so it ’ s kind of an old album .", "i ’ m still promoting it because i don ’ t think it got the exposure it deserves .", "and because i ’ m an independent artist , it ’ s not like i can just roll out a huge press release with videos and photo shoots .", "it all costs money so i chip away at it , one piece at a time .", "the album is called ‘ exactly nowhere ’ and i ’ m extremely proud of it so if you haven ’ t heard it , you should check it out !", "living proof is the first introduction that listeners will likely have for perala ’ s music , and it allows listeners to be entranced by her inimitable style .", "the track soars on plinking pianos and a vocal style that takes on hints of sheryl crow and stevie nicks .", "while perala ’ s vocals are front and center , the instrumental arrangements present here provide a very thoughtful backdrop .", "fine uses an interesting differentiation between the vocal and instrumental elements of the track ; the disparate pacing of the two makes for a wholly unique track .", "hip hop and cartoons ties together a sixties organ with a free - form set of vocals .", "the inclusion of a snap / clap track showcases perala ’ s interest in the titular genre .", "fat world is the perfect example of a late - album track that bolsters the album ’ s momentum .", "hoopla spins listeners into an entirely new direction , all while keeping the same high quality that was presented during the opening strains of the album .", "the track takes on a bif naked meets letters to cleo feel that will keep listeners firmly tied to their seats until the conclusion of exactly nowhere ’ s final track , neverland .", "nlm : the single is coming from your 2014 album exactly nowhere .", "what ’ s the reception been like on the album so far ?", "our second set was a featured album entitled , exactly nowhere by gena perala , it ’ s pronounced jenna .", "www .", "genaperala .", "com also on u - tube , amazon and all the other usual online stores .", "why gena perala as a feature ?", "well it was the lyrics , and her tell all style , her voice , and the diversity of her song styles .", "there is only one song that ’ s not in english , so this is not your typical world music cd .", "yes she is from canada , but * * * it was really , the sheer amount of quality songs on one album that said , i had to share it with you .", "* * * coinciding with the 40th anniversary of the sextuple - platinum breakthrough album , “ leftoverture , ” and the release of the new studio album “ the prelude implicit , ” kansas embarked on their biggest headlining tour in decades .", "the overwhelming success of that tour led the band , along with inside out music , to release selected songs from the tour as a live album .", "“ leftoverture live & beyond , ” produced by jeff glixman , features nineteen songs selected from twelve shows recorded during kansas ’ s spring 2017 leftoverture 40th anniversary tour .", "the set list includes classic hits , deep cuts , new songs from 2016 ’ s studio album “ the prelude implicit , ” and culminates with the band ’ s sextuple - platinum breakthrough album , “ leftoverture , ” performed in its entirety .", "more songs from the canyon , this time revealing alternative versions of selections from ‘ after the goldrush ’ alongside proper album versions .", "there aren ’ t so many extras on here aside from various lyrics and handwritten manuscripts , however this disc is valued for the solo piano version of ‘ see the sky about to rain ’ , recorded live at the cellar door in washington , dc in 1970 .", "“ life is hard ” is a gorgeous , string - laced monologue from a character who is her own worst enemy .", "this worldview is dark and full of pessimism and yet utterly familiar from someone you know .", "perala ’ s light touch makes this more accessible and believable .", "“ tell it to the stars ” is an upbeat dialectic on seeking external guidance from the stars .", "perala is eminently likeable here as she speaks from the heart in an upbeat , country flavored arrangement that will have you tapping your toes .", "well , i was sitting outside my friend ’ s house waiting for him to get home , and i was listening to the track “ my match ” off the album ( exactly nowhere ) .", "it was the first time i was hearing the mix and this woman was walking by and she says , “ hey , that ’ s really good … who is that ?", "” and i said , “ it ’ s me actually , ” and she said , “ you ’ re like jewel meets peaches , ” and i ’ ve been using that comparison ever since .", "wholesome and maybe virtuous meets the uncensored , unapologetic misfit .", "it ’ s a really interesting comparison for sure .", "i have a line in the song “ see myself ” ( exactly nowhere ) that goes “ beauty and disgrace , it ’ s such a fine line , i ’ ve got bruises on my feet because i walk it all the time .", "” and it is such a fine line , especially for women , so i don ’ t know what role i fill other than writing about my experience and perhaps challenging whatever ideas people have that might confine me to who and what they think i am or should be .", "gena perala ’ s latest release , exactly nowhere , is like drinking ice water after eating a peppermint ; refreshingly cool .", "she ’ s not the katy perry type ; rather gena is more of a cross between pink , alanis morrisette , cyndi lauper , and a hint of sheryl crow … very quirky , crafty and theatrical .", "exactly nowhere is a 15 track soap opera that not only showcases gena ’ s creative writing skills , it also tests the boundaries of what it means to be an artist in a music industry full of redundancies .", "listening to gena perala , you feel as though you ’ re hearing an audio feed from a stage play .", "perala ’ s voice - over acting skills are on display as she delivers each line like a seasoned thespian , keeping you dialed into the drama that unfolds on each song .", "kansas , america ’ s legendary progressive rock band , will release their new live album “ leftoverture live & beyond ” on november 3 , 2017 . this is the first live album since 2009 for the band that has sold more than 30 million albums worldwide , and is famous for classic hits such as ‘ carry on wayward son ’ and ‘ dust in the wind , ’ to progressive epics like ‘ miracles out of nowhere .", "’ kansas , america ’ s legendary progressive rock band , will release their new live album “ leftoverture live & beyond ” on november 3 , 2017 . this is the first live album since 2009 for the band that has sold more than 30 million albums worldwide , and is famous for classic hits such as ‘ carry on wayward son ’ and ‘ dust in the wind , ’ to progressive epics like ‘ miracles out of nowhere .", "’ vancouver - based singer / songwriter gena perala has recently shared the music video for her new single “ hoopla ” , produced and directed by gena herself and taken from her sophomore album , exactly nowhere , which is out now and available on both bandcamp and itunes .", "gena perala just released a striking music video to her latest cheeky effort , hoopla .", "single is from her debut album , exactly nowhere .", "superstar supernova is from her debut album , exactly nowhere .", "trust me , it ’ s worth a trial .", "” first up , we have gena perala , a canadian artist out of british columbia .", "she is a mufti - talented type who not only writes and performs her music , she also writes poetry , with 3 books to her credit .", "very impressive .", "the song i am featuring is from her second album , “ exactly nowhere ” .", "the song is “ living proof ” .", "a fine ballad , featuring gena playing the piano and belting out her tune .", "nice song , well produced .", "anyway , perala , a “ carny kid ” turned fantastic pianist and musician , first hit the scene in 2008 with her debut album , and blesses us once again today with an all new collection titled exactly nowhere .", "we asked the up and coming singer / songwriter to tell us all about it : “ there ’ s some really nice sounds , great musicians and i ’ m pretty lyrical .", "it ’ s also a real diverse collection , from soft lullabies , to lo - fi pop punk to carnival to country etc .", "as for process … i usually get an idea or a lyric and then build a melody as i write the lyrics – so the lyrics and the melody come cohesively .", "i often have ideas of how i want the song to sound as far as production goes , so i brought those ideas to the table during the recording process and my producers chris gestrin and russell marsland were amazing in helping those ideas be realized .", "” transition from poet to artist ?", "sure , there ’ s no leap there .", "many would claim that their favorite song lyrics constitute “ poetry ” and you can see how poems could eventually become lyrical matter .", "for poet / songwriter gena perala , they certainly seem to be one and the same .", "the published poet has released her new album , exactly nowhere , 15 - tracks of cathartic lyrical matter and demure backing musicality , all wrapped up in an emotive package .", "“ another art - and drama - fuelled album is gena perala ’ s exactly nowhere .", "it moves around from style to style drastically , but is unified by perala ’ s light , intimate but imposing voice .", "she ’ s at chapel arts june 16 .", "” http : / / blogs .", "theprovince .", "com / 2013 / 05 / 27 / tom - harrisons - garage - for - may - 28 / the album is undeniably solange ’ s most refined brainchild so far , and it ’ s a fitting and worthy addition to the knowles family discography .", "as beyoncé and her nineteen - year - long career tower over the r & b soundscape , casting an all - consuming shadow befitting the pop giantess , she can be proud that her younger sister is nowhere near the darkness .", "instead , solange finds her own mountaintop and casts her own ingenious light from a unique and much - needed vantage point .", "as previously released , this six - track document of neil at the beginning of the seventies finds him touring the ‘ everybody knows this is nowhere ’ album with crazy horse , featuring guitarist danny whitten .", "it ’ s notable that this was the last tour whitten came on .", "he died of an overdose in late 1972 . the songs are accompanied by so many photos from the event .", "it would be amazing to see filmed footage of this , but sadly there is none .", "anti - nowhere league logogilly ( real name mark gilham ) joined the band in 1983 as an extra guitarist , which according to thebands website , was because magoo was drinking heavily and was often unable to carry out his commitments as guitarist .", "the band went to yugoslavia to record a live album , imaginatively called live in yugoslavia , but even this was dogged byproblems with the authorities insisting that references that animal had made about recently deceased president tito beremoved from the master tapes , and any language which they deemed to be offensive be bleeped ( including a few “ when ’ s ” , “ it ’ s ” and “ ands ” according to animal !", ") .", "gena perala an alt - folk songwriter from canada recently released a video for a track from the lp exactly nowhere .", "sure yeah .", "my writing process differs slightly from song to song but generally i have an idea or a line that represents an idea and i start building a melody from there .", "once i have a bit of a melody i write the rest of the song .", "as for the recording process of exactly nowhere , it was awesome .", "i worked with two producers , chris gestrin and russell marsland and i would go into the studio and tell them the ideas i had for the full sound of each song we were working on and they totally made those sounds a reality .", "they also had great ideas that added to the production of each song .", "it was a pretty magical experience .", "despite the success of air supply , the music field was at a turning point and soft love ballads were on their way out .", "the media quickly switched to what the people were growing into and the 1985 album \" power of love \" could only manage # 60 . in 1986 , \" hearts in motion \" stopped at # 84 and the single \" lonely is the night \" could only reach # 76 while \" one more chance \" quit at # 80 . in 1987 , graham and russell exercised their talents by performing a seasonal release for the christmas holidays called \" the christmas album \" .", "radio still gives air time to the most popular songs \" love is all \" and \" eyes of a child \" during the christmas season .", "between 1987 and 1990 , russell ventured out on his own and recorded a solo , self tilted album , \" russell hitchcock \" , and released his one and only single , \" swear to your heart \" .", "neither met with much success .", "the prelude implicit , the band ' s most recent album , which was released on september 23rd , marked kansas ' biggest selling week in the soundscan era , and the highest charting release since power ( 1986 ) .", "the album reached # 14 on the top 200 album chart , # 41 on the billboard 200 , # 5 for rock albums , # 6 for physical albums , # 17 on the vinyl albums chart and more .", "the prelude implicit is now available for purchase in stores and online at best buy , amazon , apple music , fye , barnes & noble , wal - mart , spotify and independent record shops .", "links to select retailers can be found below : the prelude implicit , the band ' s most recent album , which was released on september 23rd , marked kansas ' biggest selling week in the soundscan era , and the highest charting release since power ( 1986 ) .", "the album reached # 14 on the top 200 album chart , # 41 on the billboard 200 , # 5 for rock albums , # 6 for physical albums , # 17 on the vinyl albums chart and more .", "the prelude implicit is now available for purchase in stores and online at best buy , amazon , apple music , fye , barnes & noble , wal - mart , spotify and independent record shops .", "links to select retailers can be found below : for the first time in its 43 - year history , the band is performing the hit album in its entirety .", "the tour showcases more than two hours of classic kansas music including hit songs , deep cuts , and new songs from their new album , the prelude implicit .", "the band recently announced that they will be bringing their highly successful leftoverture tour to more parts of the united states in the spring !", "for the first time in its 43 - year history , the band is performing the hit album in its entirety .", "the tour showcases two hours of classic kansas music including hit songs , deep cuts , and new songs from their new album , the prelude implicit .", "“ living proof ” opens the album in doo wop fashion with tinkling piano notes , slight backing percussion and perala ’ s stout vocal delivery .", "backing keys and vocals bolster the sound but the musicality stays in the background allowing the star of the outfit to shine in the lyrics .", "the down tempo “ fine ” opens with picked acoustic and weepy keys in the background before again , the vocal delivery stands at the foreground .", "the near spoken word lyrics tell the story of relationship analysis , which i can ’ t help but think is autobiographical .", "the contemplation continues through the body of the track as the “ narrator ” assures herself that “ everything ’ s fine .", "” the mood changes with the quirky “ hip hop and cartoons .", "” perala claims she sees her generation as “ able to learn more from hip hop and cartoons than from any church or religion .", "” again , the musicality is slight propelling the vocal delivery to the foreground .", "the lyrical matter is slightly jarring on this one but it speaks to self - awareness and validation .", "“ la fin ” has an ethnic folk feel in the instrumentation of strings and plucked acoustic and alternating french and english in the lyrical matter .", "“ fat world ” implements a pop punk feel with distorted electric guitar , staccato backing percussion and a social awareness in the message of the lyrical matter , speaking to the unrealistic expectations on women in today ’ s culture .", "the universal truths continue on “ life is hard .", "” this track is more anecdotal lyrical matter that speaks beyond the containment of the track with simple piano melody bolstered by more weepy strings just underneath the surface of the track .", "by the time work on the album re - commenced in march ’ 92 , the band were using the rolling stones ’ exorbitantly expensive mobile studio , a mobile recording studio inside a lorry , which they had parked outside a b & b they ’ d converted in ewloe , north wales – sufficiently removed from the mounting expectation and pressure surrounding their second opus , yet only 30 miles from home in manchester .", "down the road at monnow valley studios , meanwhile , a new band from manchester called oasis were recording , and dropped by to say hello .", "by the summer of 1994 , their star was rising fast , chiefly thanks to the vacuum the roses themselves had left .", "by that time , too , the geffen label ’ s standard - bearer , nirvana ’ s kurt cobain , had committed suicide , making the roses suddenly a higher priority again .", "so , the label quickly imposed a tight deadline to finish the album , and it was duly cobbled together from the sprawling mountain of tapes they ’ d amassed , and released in december ’ 94 . \"", "revolver \" was the seventh album from the beatles .", "the first recordings released from these sessions was the single \" paperback writer \" and \" rain \" and those tracks gave an indication of what was to come .", "in 1982 , things were looking good for the band , with the ‘ so what tour ’ in the company of such groups as chelsea , chrongen and the defects , and the release of their debut album we are … the league .", "however , the obscene publications squadseized all copies of their records , which were removed from shops and they were banned from tv and radio .", "to top it all , they were thrown out of the top of the pops studio … just because animal happened to be carrying a 3ft axe around withhim !", "however the year finished on a high , with the ‘ hardcore storms america ’ tour with the uk subs .", "the all - too - familiar insecurities and vulnerabilities attendant to the pursuit of romance are the stuff of clever , ironic and relentlessly heart - pinching pop brilliance in the lyrical hands of ms . perala .", "coupled with a tuneful sense that pivots seamlessly between naivete and sophistication , the canadian singer / songwriter / guitarist offers up a track - after - track stream of fresh sounding , enchanting fare .", "from - the - gut emotional tugs , as well as stick - with - you choruses spring forth from the candy - sweet torcher “ living proof ” and from the urgently heartsick title track .", "the harmonically smart arrangement of “ superstar supernova ” displays a savvy worthy of joni mitchell and the appealing quirkiness of “ hoopla ” might bring a smile to laurie anderson ’ s face .", "one of this year ’ s standouts , hands down .", "it ’ s not every day you can introduce a new artist with the notion that her childhood was spent traveling around on a carnival circuit with her family .", "but for vancouver , bc resident gena perala , that ’ s exactly what her childhood looked like — and we ’ d be lying if we said it didn ’ t shape the spectacularly quirky sounds of her latest release , exactly nowhere .", "with a sound described as jewel meets peaches , perala has just debuted her brand new music video for “ hoopla , ” and infectious couldn ’ t be more excited to premiere .", "you can check out the video below , and keep up with gena on facebook , twitter , youtube , and her official website .", "grab a copy of exactly nowhere here .", "great mention in the province news . . again !", "yup !", "today ’ s video launch is accompanied by the landmark news that the beatles have achieved one billion streams within six months of global streaming launch .", "we were sad to hear the news of sir george martin ’ s passing .", "our love and thoughts are with his family today .", "it is impossible to overstate the significance of george ’ s contribution to the beatles ' music and the strength of his relationship with the band .", "he was a member of the family .", "we will always miss and remember him with admiration and love .", "“ if anyone earned the title of the fifth beatle it was george ” - paul sign up for our newsletter to receive breaking news directly in your inbox .", "gena perala grew up as a carny kid , spending much of her childhood traveling with her family on the carnival circuit .", "this explains her astute lyrical insight into human nature and the world around us .", "she has performed for the united nations , on the pne main stage , at the stanley theater , up the east coast , down the west coast and all over vancouver .", "she has published three books of poetry , “ i ’ m a worst case scenario type of girl ” ( 2003 ) , “ clean getaway ” ( 2005 ) and “ better sorry than safe ” ( 2011 ) and has released two solo albums “ this ain ’ t pretty ” ( 2008 ) and “ exactly nowhere ” ( 2014 ) .", "she ’ s currently in the studio recording her third full - length solo album .", "gp : i don ’ t think i have a favourite track .", "i like to say “ they ’ re all my children ” but there are certain things that i really love about certain songs .", "fine is so simple and hauntingly pretty and the opening verse is quite perfect if you know the story behind it .", "hip hop and cartoons means a lot to me .", "there ’ s the shock value of course but it also expresses my respect and gratitude to hip hop and to shows like the simpsons and south park for speaking hard truths in a way people can hear .", "life is hard is one of my favourites lyrically and of course exactly nowhere , for many reasons , one being that it brought me my album title .", "itunes : https : / / itunes .", "apple .", "com / ca / album / exactly - nowhere / id655239649 lately , she has been touring , and that has helped financially .", "“ i ’ ve had several tours recently , after i released my album exactly nowhere .", "i performed in toronto , new york and on the west coast .", "touring is very reassuring for me .", "when i tour , i ’ m usually the feature of a concert .", "i sell out my discs .", "i connect with people .", "my songs resonate with them .", "they come to me after the shows and we talk .", "once , i met a group of surfers , young guys , in california .", "they loved my songs .", "but , in vancouver , it ’ s hard to get exposure .", "it ’ s a tough town to get shows here .", "it ’ s probably the hardest challenge .", "” similar to eminem ’ s “ slim shady ” album , exactly nowhere has several moments of shock and awe that , if you ’ re not ready for them , will hit your ears like a ton of bricks .", "for example : in her song “ hip hop and cartoons , ” perala drops the “ f bomb ” a couple of times , catching me completely off - guard because i don ’ t swear / curse / cuss .", "but , i still thought the song was insightful .", "as part of the “ hip hop generation , ” i know and understand the influences that hip hop and cartoons each have had on the minds of young americans ; so this song is a reality check that will make any parent think twice about letting cartoons and music babysit their kids .", "this is truly what creative art is all about ; making people aware , and sometimes uncomfortable with what ’ s really going on in the world .", "“ living proof ” is off gena ’ s most recent album “ exactly nowhere ” ( 2013 ) .", "gena perala is a modern renaissance woman .", "raised on the carnival circuit , she developed a keen insight into the human condition , and the artful storytelling style of a life - long performer .", "perala broke into music by way of her award winning poetry .", "she has published three books to date and released two albums of original music .", "her debut album , this ain ’ t pretty , won perala rave reviews .", "her follow - up , exactly nowhere , finds perala taking things to the next level .", "gena perala isn ’ t your typical vancouver songstress .", "born into a traveling carnival , she ’ s spent her whole life with a very unique frame of mind .", "whether it ’ s in one of her three published books of poetry , on the slam circuit , or in her refreshing , honest songwriting , perala brings a fantastical , hilarious , and heartfelt voice to her listeners .", "her full - length album , exactly nowhere , was released late last year , and we at media snobs are thrilled to feature her first music video for “ living proof ” as an exclusive , right here on our site .", "in celebration of the video , we sat her down and asked her a few questions about life , the universe , and leonard cohen .", "gena perala interview on wbsd < wbsdfm .", "com > this sunday @ 12 : 00 p . m . , monday @ 7 : 00 p . m . pacific time … one full hour of the album “ exactly nowhere .", "” “ la fin ” # 9 on our charts !", "!", "!", "!", "!", "!", "neverland is a microcosm of the various styles and approaches that perala took through the entirety of exactly nowhere .", "however nicely the track ties up the loose ends , neverland still adheres to the adventurous spirit of the rest of the album and will keep listeners second guessing until the last note .", "as an artist who had grown up amidst uncertainty , diversity , and character as the child of two parents who worked in the carnival circuit , gena perala transfers this experience into her music , whether intentional or not , seamlessly and to a great degree of skills and musicianship .", "having previously released three books of poetry and a debut album , this ain ’ t pretty ( 2008 ) , perala has now released her second full length and has further established herself as a signified musician and songwriter .", "exactly nowhere plays out exactly as her childhood may have ; full of uncertainty , diversity , character , and is also a very honest , no - holds barred record .", "“ elv000 ” - “ welcome nowhere ” by thanksgiving ( out of print ) our first acual release .", "it is the 3rd ?", "album by thanksgiving .", "it came out in october 2004 . we are now reissuing it in a deluxe way .", "sure , yeah .", "i had a really good time writing this song actually .", "it ’ s pretty cheeky and touches on a lot of different ideas from social correctness to the futility of working really hard and getting nowhere .", "plus adding all the distortion and creating a more pop sound was great fun .", "gena perala ’ s exactly nowhere was released in june .", "she began writing and recording the tracks for it – a mix of genres ranging from pop - punk to country – in 2010 . however recording sessions in monmouth were a disaster from start to finish .", "when , in early 1990 at the appointed hour , the stone roses ’ producer john leckie turned up at the at the legendary residential studios rockfield – where queen famously cut bohemian rhapsody – they were nowhere to be seen .", "indeed , they wouldn ’ t turn up for another two days , as the band had diverted to wolverhampton , in order to turn the office of their former label into some kind of 3d jackson pollock artwork , by splattering paint all over it – revenge for the fact the label had re - released their early single , sally cinnamon , without their consent .", "in 1973 , six guys in a local band from america ’ s heartland began a journey that surpassed even their own wildest expectations , by achieving worldwide superstardom . . . watch the story unfold as the incredible story of the band kansas is told for the first time in the limited edition dvd miracles out of nowhere .", "order now englishman graham russell and australian russell hitchcock met as cast members in the stage production jesus christ superstar in april of 1975 . their similar passion for music led graham to share the songs he had written with russell and a quest to follow their dreams had begun .", "playing at local pubs for next to nothing , graham and russell found that the crowds were very receptive to their style of soft rock ballads .", "in 1976 , the stage production ended and , as a duo calling themselves air supply they released a single that met with modest success in australia .", "devoting their full time energy to the music business , the pair recorded an album in 1977 called \" love and other bruises \" , and the single of the same name reached # 2 on the australian charts .", "the follow up , \" empty pages \" went to # 18 . an invitation soon came for air supply to tour australia , canada and the u . s . with rod stewart .", "later in 1977 , the album \" the whole thing started \" was released and the song \" do what you do \" reached # 16 on the australian charts .", "air supply was an eye opener to the music industry .", "no promotions , no professional training , but yet a success .", "the exposure the two got while opening for rod stewart gave air supply international attention , and after the tour ended and air supply returned to australia , graham and russell ' s urgent desire was to get back to the u . s . in 1979 \" life support \" ( recorded in 1978 ) , their fourth released album , contained air supply ' s first big hit , \" lost in love \" , a # 1 one song on the australian charts .", "it would later be re - recorded for release in the united states and would be the beginning of a string of world wide hits composed by graham russell .", "by 1980 , air supply had finally cracked the american market .", "an l . p . titled \" lost in love \" was released and contained three songs that would hit the top five on u . s . charts . \"", "lost in love \" hit # 3 , \" every woman in the world \" went to # 5 and \" all out of love \" made it to # 2 . these would be the first of eight top 5 chart hits for air supply .", "america could not get enough of the ' australian boys ' , and album reached multi - platinum status .", "critics called air supply , the most \" successful pop group \" and \" best pop group \" of 1981 , and the duo received awards for most played song , and won many awards for outstanding achievements .", "soon , the american top 40 and radio stations throughout the u . s . joined in .", "the number of fans grew and graham continued to compose , and the more he composed the more hits followed .", "even though their day in the sun had passed , air supply were still a favorite of fm radio and graham russell and russell hitchcock continued to tour world wide , releasing \" yours truly \" ( 2001 ) , \" across the concrete sky \" ( 2003 ) and a live dvd in 2005 . in 2006 , the duo released an acoustic album called \" the singer and the song \" and two years later they were ranked the 83rd best musical act of all time in billboard hot 100 ' s 50th anniversary edition .", "on may 4th , 2010 , they issued an album titled \" mumbo jumbo \" that featured 14 new tracks .", "in 2012 , air supply were touring across the u . s . , mexico , brazil and columbia and through 2013 they appeared in isreal , the u . k . and america .", "on 24 october 2013 , the australian recording industry association ( aria ) announced that air supply would be inducted into the hall of fame on december ist of that year .", "in 2014 , air supply was approached by the wideboys to remix their single \" desert sea sky \" .", "in june of that year , the new version of \" desert sea sky \" hit # 43 on the billboard hot dance club play chart .", "in october , 2015 , the duo ' s next release , \" i want you \" , reached # 31 on the billboard dance club songs chart , extending their chart history to an incredible five decades .", "that same month they released the single \" i adore you \" , as they continued to tour across america and around the world .", "gp : i ’ d say the reception has been really good .", "unfortunately it ’ s been quite small .", "i ’ m pretty unknown but my experiences touring the album were amazing .", "it appealed to all demographics and genders , which was a huge measure of success for me .", "some people have a hard time understanding the scope of the album thinking i ’ ve combined too many genres and i get that .", "i personally hear a cohesiveness but it ’ s definitely more conceptual cohesiveness than every song having the same sound .", "so that ’ s been a bit of a challenge .", "i would like to see canadian radio supporting it more as well as my own city of vancouver .", "i ’ m enjoying making videos for all the songs that ’ s for sure !", "and the videos are being received really well however small the scope .", "gp : i don ’ t know that it ’ s changed much since i released my first album in 2008 . mediocrity still rules the mainstream so there ’ s little money in independent art and artists unfortunately .", "technology and the internet make it possible for almost anyone to record and release an album , to connect with other artist all over the world , but again , it was like that in 2008 as well .", "so , i guess it hasn ’ t changed much . . but i ’ m no expert .", "the genesis of their second album , back in the early ’ 90s , was a case in point .", "after their self - titled 1989 debut album had finally catapulted them to the forefront of a whole new movement known as ‘ indie - dance ’ , they were fêted as britain ’ s coolest and most influential band .", "they hit the top ten with a ten - minute groove called fool ’ s gold , then put on a massive , yet chaotically organised gig at spike island , but spirits were still high as they set about creating their follow - up long - player – the one which would surely see them conquer the world .", "elv020 – “ * wind ’ s poem ” by mount eerie * - double lp / cd ( july 14th , 2009 ) double album , epic and weird , featuring nick krgovich of vancouver ’ s no kids , the 3rd “ real ” mount eerie album after no flashlight and mount eerie pts .", "6 & 7 . here is a music video for the song “ the mouth of sky ” .", "“ i ’ m really excited with how this live album sounds , ” adds producer , jeff glixman .", "“ this band is on fire .", "producing this live album was truly an undertaking , but i am confident that kansas fans will enjoy the end result .", "” by 1984 , things were not looking too good .", "pj quit , unable to cope with the pressures of the drugs and alcohol lifestyle theband were now leading and they were musically inactive .", "1985 saw michael bettel on the drums , followed in 1986 by jb ( jonathan birch ) .", "during this time they signed for gwr records , and recorded the perfect crime album .", "however , once againthere were problems , when gwr refused to put up the money to finish the album once they heard its rough cut , and it wasreleased unfinished to try to get back some of the money already invested in it .", "this was the final straw , and in 1987 anwldisbanded .", "there was a “ farewell ” show in 1989 . the album ranges from the sardonic to the soulful , always with a wistful smile and well worth adding to your collection .", "the earl marriott graduate ( 1996 ) has previously released three books of poetry , and debuted her inaugural album , this ain ’ t pretty , in 2008 . she is now gearing up to play a slew of venues from vancouver to los angeles , and hopefully , tour in europe .", "gena perala is not your average songwriter and helps blow away barriers and stereotypes that one may associate with a solo musician who sings and writes about the themes of love , heartbreak , and emotional struggles .", "every song is so unique and differs so much in scale ( yet none being any more significant that the other ) , sound , and it can really be hard , if not close to impossible , to properly identify perala without sounding pretentious and a little ridiculous at the expense of multiple genre - headings and sub - headings .", "from the french themed and sung ‘ la fin ’ to the pop - punk , bass driven ‘ my match ’ , to the country - inspired , prairie romp ‘ tell it to the stars ’ , to ‘ on second thought ’ which could fit perfectly well in any 80 ’ s musical , you never really know where the album will take you or what you are up for next .", "perala shows off her musical diversity and fearless exploration and adventurism without exactly ‘ showing off ’ , but instead does so with confidence , charm , and great modesty , never reaching for anything out of step or out of reach and as a result each track , no matter what direction she decides to go in , is just as good as the last .", "despite the immense diversity on the album , perala is always able to tie it all together with her darling , strong , comforting , southern - rooted vocals that add to not only each song , but each track , her own touch of personality and character .", "as well , her songs are intensely honest and perala never strays away from touchy subjects or beats around the bush , always upfront and concise , her willingness to sing things , thoughts , and ideas that we may at first think of ‘ weak ’ or ‘ desperate ’ , come off as stronger and more charismatic than ever .", "never sugar - coating anything yet always able to sing with a sweetness that is hard to match , perala has a natural knack for storytelling and opening up about certain subjects that others just cannot pull off or whom would never dare .", "squire took it upon himself to crack on with finally finishing the album at the beginning of 1993 , and a studio in bury was block - booked for a year .", "however the guitarist had written a bunch of highly personal songs about a recent romantic break - up , which brown didn ’ t feel comfortable singing , and increasingly squire became withdrawn and monosyllabic .", "even when the tape machines were moved to the living room of the band ’ s new shared living quarters in marple , this meant that everyone was too close to manchester city centre , and thus prone to metropolitan distractions , which ranged from nipping off to the bank or meeting a mate , to three - day partying .", "leckie tried to get tough with them , organising a month - long blitz of a recording session at rockfield in july ’ 93 , but on the band ’ s arrival , the producer quit , in part because he ’ d only been paid £ 10 , 000 for all his work thus far , and in part because not one song had been completed , and he ’ d simply given up the ghost .", "brown and avuncular bassist gary ‘ mani ’ mounfield called time on the band soon afterwards , and it was a long road to the roses ’ comeback in 2011 . their first shows back together at manchester ’ s heaton park in summer ’ 12 came about after brown and squire encountered each other at mounfield ’ s mother ’ s funeral and went on to bury the hatchet .", "they ’ ve since gigged intermittently , and released a couple of new tracks online .", "the announcement of this year ’ s round of dates prompted heightened expectation for a third album , but it has oddly yet to materialise .", "the lesson from history must surely be : don ’ t hold your breath .", "the album includes a long - awaited new collaboration from ringo and paul mccartney and also features peter frampton , benmont tench , joe walsh , edgar winter and others .", "the beatles ’ companion album to new ron howard - directed feature documentary presents remixed and mastered recordings from three hollywood bowl concerts .", "twenty - five years ago , on july 4th , 1992 , heard suffered a minor heart attack onstage at the cornerstone festival outside chicago .", "after finishing his set , heard went into the hospital , stayed a week and was discharged with a clean bill of health .", "while out on a walk with his wife , janet , and their 4 - year - old daughter , rebecca , heard suffered a second heart attack and fell into a month - long coma .", "on august 16th , 1992 , he was taken off life support .", "what heard left behind , in addition to a grieving family , was more than 15 albums worth of introspective songs that would inspire not only miller , but other influential songwriters such as bruce cockburn and victoria williams , and would turn up in tribute lps such as 1996 & apos ; s orphans of god , performed by olivia newton - john ( for whom he penned \" big and strong \" from her 1988 album , the rumour ) , michael been ( of the call ) , pierce pettis and more . \"", "the first time i heard & apos ; treasure of the broken land , & apos ; buddy and julie miller were singing it at mark heard & apos ; s memorial service 25 years ago , \" says the album & apos ; s producer , phil madeira . \"", "i barely knew who they were , except that they were part of the christian music world , which i was trying to escape from .", "i was dismissive until they started singing , and then i was enthralled .", "the song struck me as did their beautiful , broken blend .", "i understand that the song was written when mark & apos ; s father passed away , and the lyrics address the loss in a poignantly sad way , citing the lack of closure in a perhaps conflicted relationship , yet hoping for reconciliation beyond the grave , if that & apos ; s possible . \"", "“ we are having so much fun doing these leftoverture 40th anniversary shows , we just want to keep doing them , ” comments kansas guitarist and original member richard williams .", "“ we had no idea when we started doing these , last fall , that they would be so popular .", "when we first started discussing this concept , we were just hoping to be able to do ten of these type shows .", "we would not have predicted we would end up doing nearly 70 of them .", "i can ’ t think of a better way to wrap up 2017 , before taking a break from the road at the beginning of 2018 , to record a new studio album .", "” kansas teamed up with ultimate classic rock to exclusively premiere a brand new concert video for “ rhythm in the spirit ” today !", "the song is taken from the band ’ s new studio album the prelude implicit , which was released on september 23rd , 2016 . fans can watch the video now at this link : http : / / bit .", "ly / ucr _ rits january 10th , 2017 – kansas teamed up with ultimate classic rock to exclusively premiere a brand new concert video for “ rhythm in the spirit ” today !", "the song is taken from the band ’ s new studio album the prelude implicit , which was released on september 23rd , 2016 . fans can watch the video now at this link : http : / / bit .", "ly / ucr _ rits lyrically , the album ’ s eleven tracks veer from the paranoid chaos of the current era in which truth can apparently be a flexible notion , observations of the everyday lives of refugees , terrorists and religious fundamentalists , and a welcome shot of some of the most joyous wide - eyed escapism i ’ ve created in my career so far .", "something for all the family !", "at its core , the album seems to couple nicely with queen b ’ s lemonade ; a pop singer experimenting with deeper lyricism and meaning , using her black female identity as the centrepiece and her personal experiences as serving platters .", "lyrics aside , “ cranes in the sky ” is sonically the sister song of “ sandcastles .", "” it isn ’ t absurd to assume that solange drew some inspiration from lemonade in that regard ( or , maybe , solange inspired beyoncé ?", ") , but that ’ s where the comparison should end .", "cine - film of neil driving his car through a field starts the disc .", "the songs within would mostly make up ‘ harvest ’ .", "an unreleased live version of ‘ heart of gold ’ from ucla 1971 starts - the official version follows later , which , considering it ’ s probably his most universally loved song , has disappointingly few extras .", "the disc is mostly album versions , which is a bit of a swizz , but presented so beautifully , who can really argue ?", "“ the song pays homage to the power and brilliance of conscious hip hop music and to cartoons such as the simpsons .", "she refers to it as her church song because she says we can learn more from hip - hop and cartoons if we understand and believe in them , than we can from religion .", "“ perhaps not the most popular statement ” she says with a laugh .", "when asked how it all transpired she says “ it was a lot of work figuring out how to shoot with a green screen , finding a space , finding an illustrator and of course styling it , which is a character in itself .", "” it was a ton of work really and a huge learning experience .", "i mean i produced and directed it myself and i ’ d never done that before .", "i had some amazing women on board to help me realize the vision , from the cinematographer , jocelyn sanchez , to the editor karilynn ming ho , to the stylist and hair and makeup and of course the babes in the video .", "i couldn ’ t have done it without them and i mean who wouldn ’ t want to look like a hologram cyborg from outer space ?", "?", "?", "good question .", "i have a bunch of goals for this year so we ’ ll see what happens .", "the visual for “ living proof ” is out now so i ’ ll use that to hopefully get some new attention and new opportunities from radio airplay to licensing deals and so on .", "i ’ ve been applying for touring and video grants so here ’ s hoping !", "i plan on doing another short tour from vancouver to california in may , and i will be facilitating poetry workshops with 11th graders throughout the month of april .", "gp : it was a real labor of love for myself and my two producers chris gestrin and russell marsland .", "there ’ s great production and instrumentation from violin and cello , pedal steel and trumpets , organ , glock and so on .", "there ’ s some really nice sounds , great musicians and i ’ m pretty lyrical .", "it ’ s also a real diverse collection , from soft lullabies , to lo - fi pop punk to carnival to country etc .", "as for process … i usually get an idea or a lyric and then build a melody as i write the lyrics – so the lyrics and the melody come cohesively .", "i often have ideas of how i want the song to sound as far as production goes , so i brought those ideas to the table during the recording process and cg and rm were amazing in helping those ideas be realized .", "compounding puerto rico ' s devastation in the wake of hurricane maria is the fact that so much is still unknown .", "because most of the island ' s cellphone sites are out of service and the power grid is down , it has been difficult or impossible to connect with the people who live there — whether from the mainland or from another part of the island .", "the “ free as a bird ” and “ real love ” singles , from anthology , volume 1 and anthology , volume 2 , respectively , were completed in 1995 by george harrison , paul mccartney and ringo starr from 1977 demos recorded by john lennon .", "elv014 – “ mount eerie pts .", "6 & 7 ” – 132 pg .", "book + 10 ” picture disc : for sale this music is the sequel to “ mount eerie ” by the microphones ( 2003 ) , but the photos are from all over the world from the last 10 years .", "they have been hung on the walls of the rooms where all the other mount eerie / microphones music has been born .", "also , this is the biggest and best thing we ’ ve ever made .", "mount eerie revealed .", "“ elv002 ” – “ singers ” lp + cd ( out of print ) over the years whenever a large group of people was in the studio doing some singing on a recording i tried to get them to sing one of my songs , maybe play a few instruments .", "( hello , i am phil from mt .", "eerie . )", "“ singers ” is the name of this collection of various recordings .", "some are from live shows with the audience singing .", "all of them are “ singalong ” songs .", "first up , 1963 ’ s ‘ aurora ’ .", "if you click play , it takes you to a film of the 45 acetate playing , and you hear the shadows - esque instrumental .", "alternatively , you can read the track ’ s personnel , see photos from the time ( with captions ) , including a great black and white picture from christmas 1962 that sees young neil with an all - american short back and sides - long before his trademark hippie - style straight middle parting .", "you could also click ‘ documents ’ and see artefacts relating to the song , including hand - drawn notations , while ‘ press ’ throws up local paper cuttings , and ‘ memorabilia ’ shows the label of the original vinyl release .", "it ’ s a great start , even if the song is largely forgettable , showing absolutely nothing of the neil young that was to become . . . video footage of the queue , the venue and the assembled crowd build up to the venue .", "you can also hear him taking to the stage - to near silence .", "i ’ ve clicked on song selection again .", "there is no video of the performances ; instead there is a visual accompaniment to the live recording .", "it ’ s very intimate - neil is talkative , personal and sounds great .", "the riverboat , which is in toronto , is treated to eleven solo and acoustic tracks .", "extras include black and white photos from the event , handwritten notes and lyrics , press clippings , plus ‘ riverboat raps ’ - neil ’ s rambling monologues from the gig in one handy nine - track solo !", "while i ’ m still promoting ‘ exactly nowhere ’ and probably always will be , i ’ m excited to say i ’ ve started recording my new solo project .", "this one has an electronic 80 ’ s synth pop r & b sound which is a sound i ’ ve loved and been wanting to do for a long time now .", "it ’ s kind of a long story and the title means a lot of different things to me but i love the contradiction of being exactly nowhere and the idea of trying to “ get somewhere ” being futile .", "http : / / www .", "iaemagazine .", "com / music / 2014 / 04 / gena - perala - exactly - nowhere .", "html listened to it like 7x before i went to the next track .", "this is her music video song because it ’ s the one that i think would go over very well with the general public .", "it ’ s a unique record that gives off a sheryl crow vibe , and i really love the way gena sings this song .", "there ’ s tons of great music on exactly nowhere , each song offers it ’ s own candid peephole for us to look into gena perala ’ s world of emotional rollercoasters , heartbreaks , and self reflection .", "the bottom line is , gena perala rocks !", "!", "she ’ s a very talented musician and songwriter who could do extremely well .", "if you ’ re looking to discover awesome new music , exactly nowhere is worth it ’ s weight in musical gold .", "connect with gena online at : https : / / www .", "facebook .", "com / genaperalamusic | https : / / twitter .", "com / genaperala http : / / wildysworld .", "blogspot .", "ca / 2014 / 04 / gena - perala - exactly - nowhere .", "html “ la fin ” is a dark waltz that is sung primarily in french with english interjections .", "perala is in her element here with a compelling mix of raw animus and madness .", "it ’ s a moment that will haunt you into listening again and again .", "“ exactly nowhere ” is theatrical in approach , sung seemingly in post - relationship shock .", "perala ’ s composition is masterful , right down to the string accents .", "the lyrical caricature is as artful as the music , and in case you didn ’ t know it already , perala is showing off some serious songwriting chops here .", "“ superstar nova ” finds perala in a more straight - forward pop approach , completed with elemental synth and a dance beat .", "this is too busy as a relationship song and a bit too self - focused .", "“ fat world ” is a catchy garage / punk number that may be stuck in your noggin for days for its musical proclivities and for perala ’ s enthralling voice .", "click to http : / / genaperala .", "com to prepare for exactly nowhere – check out her schedule while you ’ re at it and if you ’ re in the nyc area , watch these new songs come to life at a live performance .", "there ’ s still much to get into , so keep reading for all the answers to the xxqs below .", "interested readers can pick up a copy of exactly nowhere at perala ’ s cdbaby ( www .", "cdbaby .", "com / artist / genaperala ) .", "check out her website for more information about live shows , samples of her music , and methods to contact her .", "perala certainly has the songwriting part down .", "add her approachable vocal delivery and what you have is more than poet or artist or combination of the two .", "the songs aren ’ t simply written for the sake of writing songs but belie the fact that perala is a socially aware dynamo of a woman .", "she isn ’ t afraid to take on taboo topics such as self - awareness , a woman ’ s self image and healthy and tumultuous relationships alike .", "if thought - provoking and emotive matter is your bag , go out and find that place called exactly nowhere .", "exactly nowhere featured on wfit 89 .", "5 fm : whether you are looking to share a tear , enjoy the sun , hibernate in your bed , or feel some empowerment and outright fun , exactly nowhere has something for everyone and for any situation but no matter which that may be , perala will never fail to bring out a creeping smile on your face .", "the garage has heard some very good things about gena perala , through russell marsland .", "marsland co - produced her exactly nowhere cd with chris gestrin .", "perala plays chapel arts on june 16 .", "” http : / / blogs .", "theprovince .", "com / 2013 / 05 / 18 / tom - harrisons - garage - for - may - 19 / to coincide with the announcement , like moths to flames have premiered a new song titled \" nowhere left to sink . \"", "a stream is available here : two lana del rey associates make appearances with straight - up writing credits : father john misty , a . k . a . joshua tillman , and the producer emile haynie .", "less out - of - nowhere but still an interesting addition : the young british hitmaker mnek , who contributed to \" hold up . \"", "the anti - nowhere league is a uk punk band formed in 1980 , by lead singer animal ( real name nick kulmer ) and rhythmguitarist magoo ( real name chris exall ) , with bones on drums and baggy elvy on bass .", "their first gig was at tunbridge wells , on the day of the annual carnival , at which they promptly got arrested .", "this led to their first press coverage with the localnewspaper describing their gig as a ‘ cacophany of noise ’ .", "in 1981 , gooky ( who left the same year ) , hopper and clive “ winston ” blake came in on lead guitar , drums and bass respectively , although hopper was quickly replaced with . . . read more the anti - nowhere league is a uk punk band formed in 1980 , by lead singer animal ( real name nick kulmer ) and rhythmguitarist magoo ( real name chris exall ) , with bones on drums and baggy elvy on bass .", "their first gig was at tunbridge wells , on the day of the annual carnival , at which they promptly got arrested .", "this led to their first press coverage with the localnewspaper describing their gig as a ‘ cacophany of noise ’ .", "in 1981 , gooky ( who left the same year ) , hopper and clive “ winston ” blake came in on lead guitar , drums and bass respectively , although hopper was quickly replaced with pj ( ‘ persianjohn ’ ) ( real name djahanshah aghssa ) .", "they managed to get a slot in the apocylypse tour along with the exploited , chrongen and anti pasti .", "this led to them signing to john curd ’ s record label wxyz , with curd and chris gabrin co . managing theband .", "“ hip hop and cartoons ” is vancouver based singer songwriter gena perala ’ s newest music video which she is launching in conjunction with a crowdfunding campaign to support the recording of her new album .", "gena perala is launching this video in conjunction with a crowdfunding campaign to support the recording of her new album , a down tempo electronic pop synth sound with producer chris gestrin .", "“ i just have so many ideas and like two albums worth of material and tons of music video ideas , i just can ’ t afford to get it all done .", "i ’ m also burning out .", "i work really hard to pay for all the stuff i create but it ’ s just not sustainable .", "so crowdfunding made sense .", "” “ i ’ m actually really nervous because i ’ m pretty unknown so i have no idea if i have enough ‘ crowd ’ so to speak to make this happen .", "plus it ’ s just putting myself out there in a way that ’ s pretty scary .", "but hey , all i can do is try .", "” the teaser was a huge hit and was named video of the week by new lease music … now here ’ s your chance to watch the full version of gena perala ‘ s visual to single , ‘ hip - hop & cartoons .", "’ appropriately released on valentine ’ s day , the vancouver singer / songwriter shows love for the brilliance and power of hip - hop and cartoons in the two - and - a - half minute production , referring to the two mediums as her church song .", "the video is launching in conjunction with a crowdfunding campaign to support her upcoming downtempo / electro synth album … look out for that !", "yes i will be launching a crowd funding campaign really soon to help me fund my upcoming album .", "a down tempo electronic synth pop sound with producer chris gestrin .", "join my mailing list to find out when it launches !", "gp : i am currently in the studio recording my next album .", "i also have an electronic collaboration i ’ ve been working on that i ’ m loving and my band tomgirl is probably going to work on a new ep as well .", "i ’ m also going to continue making videos so expect to keep seeing those .", "gena says : “‘ hoopla ’ is one of the more pop sounding songs on the album so it was fun to make a more pop style video .", "with a limited budget you ’ re forced to really get creative and that ’ s actually a good thing .", "it ’ s diy - or - die these days and i ’ m happy about that .", "” gp : i loved all kinds of music growing up .", "my parents were , and still are , really into music so i spent a lot of time with their record collection .", "sam cooke to cyndi lauper to paul simon … the list goes on … i remember sitting on the floor and admiring all the album covers .", "the first concert i remember going to was janet jackson : rhythm nation .", "it was pretty awesome .", "i still have the t - shirt !", "!", "!", "gp : what career ?", "ha !", "just kidding .", "seriously though , i mean i ’ m still waitressing and doing music on the side so they ’ re super proud of me for sticking with it .", "working hard .", "and they love the album .", "well , most of them … i think .", "gp : there are so many but ok , one present artist would be jack white .", "i dream of him producing an album of mine .", "i ’ d also be over the moon to do a track with frank ocean .", "i spent all summer listening to him .", "past artist ?", "that ’ s really tough .", "again so many great artists who are no longer with us .", "so many died too soon .", "i would of loved to sing back up on a jeff buckley track .", "maybe write a song with him ?", "rip .", "listen to me try my best to answer questions about my new album in my latest interview . . a white rock - born - and - raised musician has put the finishing touches on her sophomore album and is preparing to hit the road to promote her music .", "each side , however , was effectively self - medicating their mounting fear of failure by bingeing on their respective drugs , and in the process , of course , only further delaying their album .", "all four now had kids with respective partners , yet their behaviour became increasingly odd : brown and wren shaved their heads like cult members , and a further sequence of producers and engineers came and went amid the dysfunction .", "the stone roses had been away so long , that the album ’ s title , second coming , hardly felt like an exaggeration .", "finally , they were back , but inevitably rather , the record got a mixed reception .", "its 66 minutes of meandering blues , folk - rock and borderline metal weren ’ t bad per se , but the whole thing failed to live up to either the revelatory vibe of its predecessor or its title .", "a composer , improviser and trumpeter , dave douglas develops music that transcends the boundaries of traditional jazz .", "in 2000 , when he was marian mcpartland ' s guest , he was jazztimes magazine ' s \" artist of the year . \"", "on this 2000 episode of piano jazz , douglas talks about his album soul on soul , a stunning tribute to mary lou williams .", "shilpa ray is nothing if not honest .", "her new album , door girl , captures new york nightlife in all its sordid , sweaty chaos and supplies caustic commentary on life in the unfeeling city .", "the last time macklemore released a solo album , it wasn ' t ironic to call him a conscious rapper .", "this year we celebrate the 50th anniversary of that iconic album with an exclusive collaboration between pretty green and the beatles .", "the album is avaliable on both cd and vinyl .", "on june 17 at 12 : 01am local time , the beatles ’ award - winning love album is available for streaming worldwide .", "the beatles love is the audio companion to the acclaimed stage production , the beatles love by cirque du soleil .", "to create the show ’ s lush soundscape , producers sir george martin and giles martin worked at abbey road studios with the entire archive of beatles master recordings .", "this unique approach to assembling the music for a live show was rapturously received by critics and beatles fans and resulted in the groundbreaking album garnering two grammy awards ® .", "how midland ' s new album polishes up their bar . . . columbus , ohio like moths to flames have announced their new album , titled dark divine .", "the record will be released on november 3 through rise records and was produced by erik ron at grey area studios and mixed by caleb shomo ( beartooth ) .", "unanimously pre - designated as a classic album , the new full length release of katy davidson ’ s ( dear nora , lloyd & michael , katy davidson ) finest - ever songs , recorded with a super - group in anacortes .", "this is thrilling .", "“ elv007 ” – “ thanksgiving ( pt .", "2 of 3 ) ” by thanksgiving triplelp + cd ( out of print ) this was jointly released , dec . 6th 2005 , by marriage and us .", "a triple album by thanksgiving .", "beautiful triple gatefold .", "red , white and blue vinyl .", "we technically released the white one .", "excellent songs home recorded .", "no filler , almost .", "“ elv005 ” – “ no flashlight ” by mount eerie lp + cd ( out of print ) this is the first “ real ” mt .", "eerie album .", "it came out in the fall of 2005 . it holds the world record for the world ’ s largest record cover .", "“ when we saw how much our fans enjoyed the leftoverture 40th anniversary tour shows , we knew we had to record a live album , ” said kansas drummer , phil ehart .", "“ when it came to finding someone to produce it , we thought the best possible person would be the guy that produced ‘ leftoverture ’ forty years ago .", "so , we called jeff glixman !", "” “ leftoverture live & beyond , ” will be released on november 3 , 2017 , on inside out music and is distributed by the orchard .", "the album will be available as a double cd digipak , four 180 gram vinyl boxed set , and digitally on itunes and google play .", "to the bone is no .", "1 in the midweek uk album charts !", "solange could never be considered unsuccessful .", "her debut album , solo star , was released in 2003 when she was a mere sixteen years old and still cracked the top 50 of the billboard hot 200 despite unfavorable reviews .", "her 2008 follow - up , sol - angel and the hadley st . dreams , saw higher sales and better reviews with a much smaller cast of writing and production personnel .", "her 2012 ep , true , was even more critically acclaimed .", "last friday ( september 30 ) , solange added the latest chapter in the evolution of her artistry with a seat at the table , an album where she is credited with writing , arranging and co - producing every track .", "suffice it to say , solange knowles is talented and growing , and she doesn ’ t owe her steady rise to her sister ’ s magnetism .", "solange ’ s headshot , which serves as the album artwork , is telling of her intentions with the project : she is au naturel — hair undone , unsmiling , and accessible .", "with the same candor , she delivers a stream of unapologetic black truths over 21 tracks , her messages uninhibited by the need for a radio single or , more astutely put , a white audience .", "# lemonade the visual album .", "available now on beyonce .", "tidal .", "com the full album credits for beyoncé ' s lemonade are packed full of familiar faces like boots and the - dream , but also filled with surprise guests like diplo , led zeppelin , animal collective , and burt bacharach .", "this late - sixties collection introduces crazy horse , neil ’ s incredible backing band , and covers the demos for his masterpiece ‘ after the goldrush ’ , and his contributions to csn & y ’ s ‘ deja vu ’ album .", "the songs , again , are alternative mixes , unheard originals , and insightful demos .", "1997 saw another personnel change when winston left the band to be replaced by jon jon , and recording the album scum .", "the album out of control was released a year later in 1999 2001 magoo quit playing live shows .", "some canadian blog love from ridethetempo .", "com fun and colourful video from gena perala that those who grew up with the simpsons / the 90s can relate to .", "some vancouver blog love from vanmusic .", "ca gp : many many influences .", "from folk artists to pop and r & b , trap , soul , hip hop – so many influences .", "poetry is also a big one .", "can you tell us more about the story behind your track ¨ fat world ¨ ?", "originally the song comes from the acceptance and the reckoning of my own personal insecurities and desires .", "it started with the first line , “ i am not a skinny girl even though i want to be , thankfully i ’ m pretty , lucky , lucky , lucky me .", "” i still think it ’ s a funny line because within it lies truth and sarcastic irony and that theme continues throughout the song .", "i write from a very personal place .", "it ’ s the process of what i ’ m dealing with as well as my personal observations .", "a lot of my lyrics are extremely vulnerable .", "some people even find them uncomfortable , but i ’ m not interested in always being comfortable and those that appreciate my music probably aren ’ t either .", "i encourage pushing boundaries and challenging the status quo and that inspires me .", "i also write about failure a lot in one way or another .", "i think i ’ ve really embraced it or at least i ’ m trying to .", "from the middle of the fifteen track , fifty minute , release – a more rock derived piece than much on the eclectic selection – hoopla .", "her artistic life began in touring carnivals .", "“ my parents were carnies .", "my dad ran a bunch of games on the carnival circuit .", "he traveled year round , only sometimes coming home .", "my mom , with the kids , stayed home in white rock during the school years and then , every summer , we would join the carnival and travel with my father .", "i loved it .", "there were people from all walks of life and all nations in the carnival .", "i was exposed to many cultures .", "” she also leads poetry seminars for young offenders .", "“ a teacher who knew me from my high school poetry workshops asked me to do the same at a correctional facility for teenagers , ages 13 to 17 . it ’ s the same process , and the kids are like any other kids , they just lacked some love in their lives .", "during the workshops , i try to let them know that they ’ re valuable , that their thoughts and ideas are interesting .", "” going from writing and reciting poetry to writing and performing songs was a small and logical leap .", "while the activity itself is highly rewarding , however , it ’ s not a lucrative career .", "“ i make money by waitressing , ” perala said with a laugh .", "“ with my songs and poetry , i ’ m lucky if i break even .", "” this vancouver native has captured our listening ear along with our hands , that snap & clap along to the doo wop sound .", "the breath of fresh air has transitioned from poet author to singer / songwriter and after hearing ( and watching ) ‘ living proof ’ we were convinced she knew a thing or two about the ups & downs of life .", "so without further adieu , # cbs gives you advice for life by gena perala .", "just keep moving .", "keep creating .", "in this industry and in life , i get rejected all the time .", "all .", "the .", "time .", "it ’ s brutal .", "but you know , when you put yourself out there , failure is inevitable .", "rejection is inevitable .", "i write songs and poetry and make videos and art because i love to .", "it makes me so happy .", "i ’ ll be doing this until the day i die .", "recognition and financial success may never come , but that ’ s not why i do it so i never have to worry about anybody taking this away from me .", "and i ’ m grateful for that .", "“ hoopla ” finds perala lampooning women who fulfill themselves by digging for gold and living off the success if others .", "the campy atmosphere of the song , which alternates between reverb soaked simplicity and alt - rock excess , is reminiscent of meryn cadell .", "“ on second thought ” is a memorable piece of musical theater that tracks the internal ups and downs of a fickle minded suitor .", "her writing is brilliant , incisive and funny yet somehow utterly mortal .", "the transitions from navel gazing pastiche to manic hope are perfectly conceived and executed .", "“ my match ” focuses on a repeat hookup offender who laments not finding permanence .", "it ’ s a humorous and sad caricature that will likely remind you of someone .", "the songwriting process for me is either i get a lyric or i get a melody first and then i build from there .", "a lot of times it ’ s a lyric first but not always .", "i ’ m currently writing a 60s style doo - wop type song , a la ronettes , and i got the melody first for that one .", "i get ideas for songs all over the place .", "i write about my observations and thoughts so i could be at a party , at work , a show , on a walk .", "more circumstantial than actual physical places .", "haha !", "oh man .", "that stuff probably isn ’ t brought up in mainstream music , i ’ m not too sure about music in general though , maybe you ’ re right .", "there ’ s that quote from plato , “ rulers should be careful about what songs are allowed to be sung , ” so i think it ’ s safe to say musicians have been dropping truth bombs for ages .", "i don ’ t set out with any intention when i ’ m writing a song except to write a song .", "but i write about what i ’ m contemplating , what i ’ m dealing with , what amuses me and affects me .", "i guess my cards are on the table .", "this is such a tough question .", "i love words and poetry , so i don ’ t have a favorite .", "i mean , i could quote so many different artists from folk to hip - hop to pop and everything in between .", "i will chose one for the sake of this interview .", "i think the why is obvious with this song … but it ’ s a great reminder .", "from the off it is obvious that gena perala has a certain thing about her , an eccentric poetic mind , a tinge of something strange , and a great uncontrollable creative streak .", "having grown up traveling the carnival circuit , there ’ s no shortage of explanation for this character , but , as i didn ’ t know this previously , it was the sheer frank sincerity of her lyricism that made her stand out to me .", "she is obviously unafraid to share her feelings , and unlike many musicians , she does it believably .", "with songs like hip hop and cartoons , superstar supernova and life is hard , * * * she is like the bridge between anti - folk and pop , like a canadian emmy the great , or rae morris with a bit of punk spirit in her .", "basically , gena is someone you want to be your friend , but you ’ ll have to settle for her great music .", "gena perela ( gp ) : eclec · tic : including things taken from many different sources .", "i think that answers both questions .", "“ it was just life for us .", "we were what you called ‘ carny kids ’ and everyone kept an eye out for us .", "we just went from small town to small town , ” she said .", "perala continues to meet a variety of people – albeit a bit younger – in a different capacity now , as a facilitator for poetry workshops for teenagers .", "the workshops have included youth from juvenile correctional facilities as well as a handful of greater vancouver schools .", "alanis morissette came on the radio playing a hit from 1994 , and then a very beautiful song came on .", "it ’ s called “ all i want , ” by kodaline .", "pretty .", "after filling manchester ’ s etihad stadium for four staggeringly euphoric nights last summer , the stones roses return this week for a triumphant trawl around britain ’ s outdoor sports arenas .", "the mancunian quartet , whose gradual ascent through the 1980 ’ s suddenly accelerated when their funky take on psychedelia collided with acid house , have always had a penchant for mammoth events .", "yet , they ’ ve also flown by the seat of their pants , lurching from triumph to disaster .", "in the meantime , they ’ d been brokering a new deal with american corporate giants geffen , but were then duly embroiled in a court case to get out of their contract with current label silvertone .", "during the hearing , they found out that their manager had been embezzling most of their earnings – he reputedly trousered a £ 40 , 000 christmas bonus from silvertone , tossing the four members a cursory £ 500 each .", "when they finally won the court case in may ’ 91 , they each received an estimated £ 125 , 000 advance from the new geffen deal .", "but instead of doing something sensible with the money , the mid - twentysomethings squandered it on flash cars and a group holiday in the south of france , where their preferred mode of transport was helicopter .", "back home in manchester , ian brown , their cocky , talismanic singer , was spotted handing out £ 20 notes to the homeless .", "protesters were forcibly ejected from a speech by turkish president recep tayyip erdogan in new york city on thursday , in the latest u . s . confrontation involving protests against turkey ' s leader .", "it ' s always kind of a miracle when two people find each other and fall in love .", "and that ' s what happened to my guests , the duo known as amadou & mariam .", "but their story is even more miraculous .", "they ' re both from mali ; they both lost their eyesight as kids — mariam was 5 , and amadou was 16 . they met each other at the bamako institute for the young blind in the ' 70s , fell in love with each other ' s musicianship and went on to get married and become global afropop sensations .", "iraqi kurdish leaders plan to hold a controversial independence referendum on monday .", "kurds are expected to overwhelmingly vote in favor of separating from iraq .", "the united states and other allies have warned them not to go ahead .", "cattle pass a lot of gas , and the methane from their flatulence and especially , their belches , is an expanding burden on the planet .", "the greenhouse gas has a warming potential 25 times that of carbon dioxide .", "that ' s what happened when russell was trying to catch a flight from reno , nev . , to cincinnati in june that got delayed .", "each item has been inspired by actual outfits that the beatles wore , along with the music and artwork from sgt .", "pepper .", "show us your beatles artwork !", "illustrate the whole band from any year in their career up to 1970 , tag it # mybeatles and share to facebook , twitter or instagram .", "we ' ll look at all of them and share some of our favourites here and across our social channels .", "up for the award alongside beyoncé ' s lemonade , yo - yo ma & the silk road ensemble ' s the music of strangers , steve aoki ' s i ' ll sleep when i ' m dead and american saturday night : live from the grand ole opry , the beatles : eight days a week - the touring years earned the best music film honour among stiff competition at music ' s biggest night .", "the beatles : eight days a week – the touring years is number one at the box office in the uk and france , and continues to play in theatres worldwide .", "the bluray + dvd are out in stores from november 18th .", "tender new video for \" while my guitar gently weeps \" highlights new creative elements from the beatles ™ love ™ by cirque du soleil ® , celebrating 10th anniversary at the mirage las vegas .", "while many of his early admirers can be found in the world of contemporary christian music , heard & apos ; s far - reaching influence has been reassessed with the upcoming tribute lp , treasure of the broken land , with buddy miller & apos ; s intensely beautiful take on that title track leading the way , joined by versions of heard & apos ; s songs from rodney crowell , sierra hull , north mississippi allstars , sarah potenza , over the rhine and more .", "listen to miller & apos ; s \" treasure of the broken land \" and see the full track listing below .", "on the last few records heard would make , he would ask miller to add guitar parts and help engineer .", "but the connection was much more than just a musical one . \"", "i became friends with a sweet , intense , humble , very funny man i learned much from , \" miller says with deep affection . \"", "he challenged me and made me feel and think .", "i wonder what he would be doing now .", "he was always a few steps ahead .", "i don & apos ; t think he felt comfortable anywhere , and spoke of not being around this world long . \"", "ranked on a scale from 1 to 10 , the trending score reflects the number of users reading a story in real time .", "elv027 - “ clear moon / ocean roar ( condensed versions ) ” by mount eerie ( 7 ” ) ( september 2012 ) all the songs from both albums played at the same time , simultaneously , cacophonous and overwhelming .", "part two of the pair , this portion going deeper into the fog and wall of noise , still asking , half remembering a dream of a midnight road trip to the ocean from 20 years ago .", "elv021 – “ * white stag ” by mount eerie * - cdr : ( out of print ) ?", "?", "songs recorded inside an old building in portland , ore . , trying to summon an imagined mystical origin from the hidden mud , doubting , cursing .", "recorded sloppily and fast as part of a residency through the univ .", "of oregon there .", "interview elv017 – “ * dawn ” by mount eerie * - lp : out of print the same songs as the ones on the book / cd from buenaventura press , but on vinyl , no book .", "just a record .", "these are all the songs that were written during the winter of 2002 / 2003 in north norway , played on just guitar with singing .", "flattering review here “ * elv013 ” – “ rope or guillotine ” by the spectacle * - lp : ( out of print ) letterpressed / silkscreened covers , letterpressed words booklet … the spectacle is a band from bodø , norway that is already broken up .", "i became friends with them in 2002 when i showed up in their town and decided to stay .", "i had never heard music that sounded like that , or seen that kind of dark energy so focused .", "i am happy to be releasing this record ( their second of 3 ) because i could never manage to make music like this myself , although i try .", "“ elv010 ” – “ on earth ” by peace – cdr ( out of print ) once we released a cdr by a band from kamloops , b . c . , canada .", "at the time it seemed like a good idea .", "we blew $ 75 , 000 on studio fees alone .", "i guess it was a learning experience .", "elv004 - “ the drums from no flashlight ” by mt .", "eerie lp ( out of print ) we felt the drums on “ no flashlight ” sounded good enough to listen to by themselves .", "“ * short songs ” by phil elverum * - word booklet ( out of print ) just a little booklet from late 2005 . thanks to those who have registered interest in tomorrow ' s event .", "an email will be sent to those fans pulled from the hat of recipients !", "take a look at \" hold up , \" which is co - produced by diplo and vampire weekend ' s ezra koenig , and features writing credits for soulja boy and the yeah yeah yeahs because the beat “ embodies portions ” of “ turn my swag on ” and “ maps , ” respectively .", "( “ embodies portions ” usually means a song borrows some notes from another song , but doesn ’ t outright sample it — like how beyoncé uses soulja boy ' s phrase \" hop out of bed turn my swag on \" here . )", "alan lomax , america ’ s foremost ethnomusicologist , gets a writing credit because the beat on “ freedom ”— co - produced by just blaze and jonny coffer ( who co - wrote “ la la la ” for naughty boy and sam smith ) — contains samples of two alan lomax field recordings from the 1940s and ’ 50s .", "this has literally made my day .", "my week .", "my month .", "my year .", "a parcel containing 11 discs has just dropped on my desk and i am smiling from ear to ear .", "disc extras include a biography , a detailed timeline of neil ’ s formative career - from the canadian roots to his venture down to the states - a web link , and dvd credits .", "allmusic relies heavily on javascript .", "please enable javascript in your browser to use the site fully .", "sound chamber , l . a . , ca for more , be sure to read gary james ' interview with russell hitchcock of air supply .", "borderline brilliant ?", "awesome .", "thanks one stop record shop .", "co . uk as a music blog , we receive a host of weird and wonderful videos on a daily basis .", "that being said , some of the offerings are decidedly weirder and far more entertaining than others .", "introducing a new segment we like to call “ wtf videos of the week ” – a concise round - up featuring the oddest visual offerings we ’ ve come across in recent days .", "seamlessly blending original lyrics – “ we can fuck and watch the simpsons / make it like some new tradition / every sunday like clockwork ” – with lines containing far too many syllables to audibly hear , this cartoon - hybrid video is so bizarre it ’ s borderline brilliant .", "when asked about the lyrics of the song , with opening lines like “ we can fuck and watch the simpsons , we ’ ll make it like a new tradition ” she says , “ it ’ s something a lot of people of my generation can relate to .", "trust me .", "” and with lyrics like “ forgive me father for i have sinned i save myself and i like to win .", "forgive me mother i ’ m no slut but i get around and i like to fuck .", "” “ that ’ s my feminism i guess .", "owning my sexuality as well as my independence .", "two things women still aren ’ t ‘ supposed ’ to do .", "” perala teamed up with a small crew to help shoot the video .", "“ i found an illustrator named cael nolan on craigslist to do the background illustrations .", "it was actually really hard to find someone who understood what i was trying to do and who could do it for the budget i had .", "he did an amazing job !", "” “ i ’ m fortunate to have an executive producer trevor holt on board for this and he supplied me with the dop and editor chris hebert who basically showed me how to do everything .", "then there are the girls who are my pals .", "shoreline studios gave me a break on price being that i ’ m an independent artist so shout out to shoreline and the rest of the work was styling it really .", "that was a huge job and i begged borrowed and stole to make it happen .", "well i borrowed anyway .", "” “ all in all it was a ton of work but i ’ m so happy with the end result ” her singles superstar supernova and hoopla were one of the most listened tracks on new lease music this year .", "now gena perala recently released the music video to her single , fat world … but before you check it out , come and get to know this canadian singer / songwriter .", "nlm : you just released the video to single , fat world ( very cool production btw !", ") .", "although your effort has the fun factor , it also has a message of reckoning and accepting your personal insecurities .", "are you hoping that fat world will be the anthem for young girls to overcome society ’ s idea of the ‘ perfect body image ?", "gp : yes the video was fun !", "and thanks for the props !", "keep in mind though that the song is as much about sex as it is about body image .", "i think it ’ s important that we as a culture get more comfortable hearing women talk about sex but i wouldn ’ t say the song is anthem worthy especially for young girls .", "it ’ s also about being honest with yourself and accepting who you are , bad choices and all .", "i fear the sarcasm and irony might get lost on some people as well .", "having said that , if this song helps anyone overcome society ’ s pressure to look a certain way then i ’ d feel great about that .", "nlm : you ’ ve been described as a cross between country singer / songwriter jewel and electro punk singer / producer peaches ( personally new lease music think you ’ re the 21st century version of tori amos ) .", "have you had any other comparisons ?", "gp : wow , thank you .", "i ’ m honoured to be compared to all those talented women and yes i ’ ve been compared to a lot of people actually .", "none of which have been insulting .", "i think the jewel meets peaches description just communicates well .", "the lyrical singer songwriter meets the shocking unapologetic conceptual artist .", "gp : ok so i had to go to the billboard charts to see what my options were and the stand outs that i would want to collaborate with because i think we could make the best music together are : shrillex and diplo , drake , ed sheeran and the weeknd .", "i think i ’ m going to go with shrillex and diplo but if drake calls , i ’ m ready .", "website : http : / / www .", "genaperala .", "com / youtube : http : / / www .", "youtube .", "com / genaperala twitter : https : / / twitter .", "com / genaperala facebook : https : / / www .", "facebook .", "com / genaperalamusic instagram : http : / / instagram .", "com / genaperala / join mailing list : https : / / tinyletter .", "com / genaperala gp : dancer .", "or public defender probably .", "http : / / wonkysensitive .", "blogspot .", "ca / 2015 / 10 / gena - perala - fat - world .", "html hi !", "i ’ ve been pretty good .", "happy to say goodbye to summer and welcome the fall .", "a few too many late nights this summer and not enough productivity and healthy living .", "i wouldn ’ t say the song is about discrimination exactly but it does touch on it , in choruses like “ it ’ s hard to get ahead in this world when you ’ re an ugly fat girl ” and “ nothing is as depressed as really , really bad sex .", "” people don ’ t like hearing woman talk about sex in an unapologetic way .", "with regards to the lyrics in the “ fat girl ” chorus , women are still judged , defined and undermined by their looks and their bodies .", "and that is hard and it totally sucks .", "i didn ’ t set out with a genre in mind .", "this song just happened to have that pop punk feel with a little ska thrown in there .", "with limited budget , i always do so much of it myself which is a lot of work , especially all the preparation but once i ’ m shooting and frames are taking shape it ’ s really satisfying .", "this was definitely the most fun video i ’ ve shot so far because the collective experience of friends and bandmates hanging out and partying made it feel natural .", "it ’ s also just so incredible to have a team of people that are willing to help fulfill my vision because they believe in me and they believe in creating .", "it ’ s really special .", "this story is kind of funny because i was in the studio with my two super fantastic producers , chris gestrin and russell marsland and russell is one the best guitar players i ’ ve ever known and he ’ s laying down some guitar riffs over mine and it ’ s just not sounding right .", "we keep listening and listening until finally i figure it out .", "he ’ s too good .", "he sounded too clean .", "when i play it sometimes i fall behind , sometimes i distort , i like it messy .", "anyway , we all had a good laugh because i kicked him off the track for being too good essentially .", "probably not until i release new music which won ’ t be until 2016 . besides the new solo project , i have an electronic collaboration i ’ ve been working on which is sounding tight and my band tomgirl is probably going to put out a new ep next year as well .", "so lots happening for fall and winter .", "hurray !", "http : / / wonkysensitive .", "blogspot .", "ca / 2015 / 02 / gena - perala - hoopla .", "html also , check out gena ’ s cover of cyndi lauper ’ s “ girls just want to have fun ” below .", "hi , thanks for having me .", "yeah i ’ ve been pretty good .", "so many different things inspire me .", "it could be a night out partying or the morning after a night out partying . . haha !", "or those moments when you remember who you are or a crush , a breakup , inequality and so on .", "just dealing with life and all of life ’ s ups and downs .", "as for the sounds . . i play guitar and piano . . so that can translate into a lot of different sounds as it is . . i mean the song “ hip hop and cartoons ” ; i like to refer to as my church song so i wanted a church organ kind of sound . . and “ living proof ” is a really 60s vibe so we used a hammond organ and “ tell it to the stars ” has a real country feel so i wanted pedal steel and it just goes on like that .", "each song lends itself to particular sounds and it ’ s just experimenting until i find the right one .", "it looks like i ’ ll be shooting 2 more videos this month and starting to release music with a new collaboration that i ’ m super excited about !", "it ’ s sort of an acoustic electronic pop project .", "so keep your eyes and ears peeled for that !", "!", "!", "read more : http : / / www .", "infectiousmagazine .", "com / premiere - gena - perala - hoopla - music - video / # ixzz3qpequyvo as i attempt to get back on the beat after a fabulous ( but not yet over ) canadian summer , i decided to empty the mailbag .", "simply put , i have veritable treasure trove of new music that i have had no chance to do much about .", "having said that , we will attempt to empty the bag by starting oldest to newest and plowing through them with you the reader , until they are done .", "gena perala plays at harmony arts festival on aug . 3 .", "( photo by eric cairns ) “ creating songs , writing music and poetry , is its own reward , ” said gena perala .", "the young poet and songwriter is still striving to find her niche in the vancouver poetic community but she knows exactly who she is .", "“ i ’ m a creative , an artist .", "i love words , ” she said in an interview with theindependent .", "“ i started performing my poems in the vancouver poetry slam but i love music , too .", "sometimes , i just write music or sing but i consider myself a writer first .", "” she is mostly self - taught .", "“ i took some lessons in piano , guitar and voice but , for my poetry , i read a lot .", "i read classics .", "i read lots of russian literature .", "… you can ’ t really ‘ teach ’ writing poetry .", "there is no formula .", "i facilitate poetry workshops in high school ; have been doing it for the last few years .", "i ’ m trying to show teenagers how to express themselves poetically .", "of course , there is some structure , some poetic devices , but there are so many ways to write poetry .", "i help students to access those ways .", "” not surprisingly , her poetry often slants towards social themes .", "a few years ago , she participated in a b . c . poetry competition about the importance of voting – and won it .", "“ i think it ’ s important to vote , ” she said , “ especially for us , women .", "we have only been allowed to vote for the past hundred years or so .", "we should exercise that right .", "” perala keeps trying , and she is constantly learning new skills .", "one of the most fascinating projects for her was the making of her first music video , living proof .", "she expounded on its creation : “ i hired a bunch of professionals to help me , but the vision was mine .", "i wanted to be floating , but to film that would be terribly expensive .", "the director , blake farber , suggested we use a fan and some scarves and ribbons .", "it came out very well .", "and i have tons of other ideas .", "as soon as i scrounge some money … .", "” she smiled .", "“ fortunately , my fan base is growing .", "” locals might see her this summer playing piano around vancouver as part of the keys to the streets project .", "“ i first learned about a similar project , street piano , when i lived in new york , ” she said .", "“ they installed 60 pianos in the streets during the summer , and anyone who wanted to play could .", "it was one of the best experiences of my life .", "i was walking down a street and , suddenly , there was a piano and a guy was playing it .", "i stopped and listened .", "later , we talked .", "he was a professional pianist in the past but hadn ’ t played for awhile ; he didn ’ t have an instrument at home .", "i didn ’ t either , so i played it , too .", "“ vancouver started a similar project – put 10 pianos in the streets during july and august .", "i played one last year .", "i have a keyboard at home now , but that was a real piano .", "i ’ m going to do it this year , too .", "you always meet people there .", "some listen , others play .", "i love people .", "” perala ’ s next performance will be at the harmony arts festival on aug . 3 , 3 p . m . , at millennium park in west vancouver ( harmonyarts .", "ca / gena - perala ) .", "to learn more about perala and her work , visit genaperala .", "com .", "http : / / www .", "chicblacksheep .", "com / 5 / post / 2014 / 04 / advice - for - life - by - gena - perala .", "html gena perala ’ s new single “ living proof ” is our new anthem of hope .", "with lyrics like : “ living proof ” is based on this idea of wanting comfort and satisfaction . . wanting security , in the ongoing uncertainty of life .", "i started writing it after a party weekend .", "i was feeling super vacant as partying can often leave you feeling and was wanting more .", "hence the first line “ i just want to fall in love ” and so on . . i actually started this one when i was playing music with a couple friends of mine , carmen and camille so shout out to them : http : / / www .", "carmenandcamille .", "com / – great musicians . . but i just sorta ran with it .", "“ the world is spinning , no end , no beginning . . and i am living proof let ’ s smile and try to have fun . . ” that we ’ re here .", "we ’ re alive and that this .", "is .", "it .", "first of all , i ’ m not sure that i ’ m in any position to be giving out advice .", "i mean my last book of poems is entitled “ better sorry than safe ” and i , for better or worse , live by that .", "but since you asked i would say , don ’ t try to make sense of life .", "someone once said to me “ the only certainty in life is that life is uncertain ” so there ya go .", "do what ’ s right for you .", "be honest .", "read .", "be compassionate .", "laugh .", "be grateful .", "don ’ t be afraid to admit if you made a mistake .", "be courageous and if other people don ’ t like you . . don ’ t worry about it .", "you can ’ t please everyone .", "ask me again tomorrow and i ’ ll probably have different answers ha !", "something my mom always says to me which i find comforting is “ everything works out in the end and if it doesn ’ t , it ’ s not the end ” .", "to learn more about gena perala & her upcoming tour dates , like calabash april 15th & more , you can visit her website www .", "genaperala .", "com .", "“ living proof ” can be downloaded here .", "youtube : http : / / www .", "youtube .", "com / genaperala twitter : https : / / twitter .", "com / genaperala facebook : https : / / www .", "facebook .", "com / genaperalamusic perala opens with “ living proof ” , bringing elements of classic 1960 ’ s girl pop .", "there ’ s a rock - a - bye feel to this tune , and while perala is a bit verbose , the vocals are exceedingly easy on the ear .", "“ fine ” is an interesting take on a relationship where her partner makes her feel good about herself while spiraling downward himself .", "there ’ s a sort of helpless fatalism here that ’ s palpable , and the song is gorgeous in its sadness .", "“ hip hop cartoons ” is rife irony .", "the seeming anthem of living life on one ’ s own terms has a distinctive slacker element that ’ s more about simple existence than living or learning .", "“ see myself ” is a gently rolling piano ballad that ’ s deftly orchestrated to build the emotive strength of the song while keeping perala ’ s superb vocals front and center .", "there ’ s something of a secular sermon feel to this at times , with a distinctly inward focus built of insecurity as the concomitant strength it breeds .", "“ every man ” starts out in perala ’ s signature confessional style , but struggles to escape its own weight .", "she recovers nicely , closing with the brief , yet hopeful “ neverland ” .", "check out my interview with media snobs !", "in celebration of the “ living proof ” video they sat me down and asked me about life , the universe and leonard cohen . . annnnnnnnd it gets pretty real ; ) growing up on the carnival was a really unique experience .", "it was a colorful and raw lifestyle full of interesting people and characters .", "we were family .", "i think “ the road ” as we call it , influenced my view of people and society , in turn influencing me as a writer .", "i had a lot of fun as a kid on the carnival , but one of my fondest memories was watching the little monkey that would drive a car around a track .", "i would just sit and watch this little monkey drive for hours .", "i ’ ve found that the vancouver / victoria music scene is pretty unique in terms of how its artists interact with one another and their fans .", "what ’ s your experience been like in this regard ?", "i ’ m not really part of any one scene here in vancouver .", "i know a bunch of bands and musicians .", "really talented ones so my interactions are often just as a friend or as a fan like everyone else .", "i ’ d like to start doing more collaborations so i ’ d like to start interacting more with other musicians in the future .", "as for interacting with my fans , i mean it ’ s great .", "fans are great !", "i ’ m always just so happy to be a contribution to anyone ’ s life .", "we ’ re featuring your music video debut for “ living proof ” .", "what was the filming process like ?", "can you give a little background on the inspiration for the video and how it relates to the song ?", "yes !", "the video !", "the filming process was an inspiration and an education .", "i had a great creative team behind me , who were instrumental in making this visual , happen .", "it was directed by blake farber and a vancouver based film company , insider films , produced it .", "i had never done anything like this before , never worked inside this medium so naturally , i didn ’ t really know what i was getting myself into .", "thankfully this team was there to fill in all the stuff i didn ’ t know , which was a decent amount !", "we all worked really hard and i got to see how the wonderful world of film operates .", "i had this abstract idea of falling and floating to accompany the song and i loved the idea of being suspended because of some of the lyrics in the song , and so this is what we came up with to get that feeling with the budget we had .", "i loved working in this visual medium and can ’ t wait to do it again !", "many of your songs focus on stuff that isn ’ t usually brought up in [ mainstream ] music — anxiety , self - esteem , and feelings of inadequacy , social awkwardness .", "do you set out with the intention of bringing this sort of honesty to the music scene , or is it more of an organic extension of who you are ?", "you ’ ve got a background in slam poetry and have won some pretty impressive competitions with your work .", "do you think all musicians are poets by nature ?", "this depends on how we define poetry .", "simply put , if poetry has to be language , then no .", "if poetry is an expression of some form , then yes .", "i ’ m in japan !", "well my upcoming music video for living proof ( coming feb ’ 14 ) is being featured in this japanese film magazine : shutter magazine .", "pictured below : pretty cool !", "pretty cool indeed .", "http : / / www .", "shutter - mag .", "com / my interview on wbsdfm .", "com will be re - airing this sunday & monday jan 19 / 20 listen to la fin here : http : / / genaperala .", "bandcamp .", "com / track / la - fin gena perala http : / / thankfolkforthat .", "com / ?", "p = 9679 find her at – genaperala .", "com xxqs : with gena perala by penseyeview .", "com i ’ m pretty happy that i get it when our latest feature , gena perala , describes herself as “ jewel meets peaches .", "” why do i feel this way ?", "no idea .", "all i can say is that it ’ s accurate , and i feel better inside knowing i understand .", "gp : it ’ s almost like the songs aren ’ t fully realized or complete until i play them for others .", "gp : people are usually surprised to hear i grew up on the carnival .", "i ’ m what you call a ” carny kid .", "” gp : i love riding bikes .", "i play bicycle polo ( yeah it ’ s a sport ) .", "i love to read and hang out with my friends .", "in the summer , i ’ m all about the beach .", "and dancing is fun .", "pev : name one present and past artist or group that would be your dream collaboration .", "why ?", "gp : the zolas are a really great vancouver band if you haven ’ t heard of them .", "gp : looks like i ’ m shooting a music video for the song “ living proof ” with a director named blake farber so keep your eyes peeled for that .", "i ’ m also heading to nyc to play some shows there and in the surrounding area .", "yup !", "by christopher west – cwestlaz @ gmail .", "com written by sarah massah http : / / www .", "peacearchnews .", "com / entertainment / 218746861 . html “ i just keep hearing that it ’ s eclectic and diverse and ( critics ) can ’ t quite pinpoint a genre , which i think is great .", "i never set out with a genre in mind .", "i just write songs and they are just written in such a way that they deserve a particular sound , ” the vancouver resident said .", "“ just because i ’ m not punk doesn ’ t mean i can ’ t write a song that has a pop - punk feel to it .", "” born to “ carny ” parents , perala , her brother and her mother would reside in white rock while her father travelled with the carnival , eventually meeting up with him when school was done for summer break .", "the unique experience helped shape perala ’ s perspective , often meeting interesting characters while traveling the carnival circuit .", "“ because of the people i was exposed to , i think that probably made a difference .", "” “ one of my best friends is a teacher and she invited me to participate in a slam - poetry unit , ” perala explained .", "“ i don ’ t know if i ’ ve ever been so nervous or frightened .", "i spent part of the class facilitating poetry with them and the poems were brilliant .", "” perala ’ s class spread through word of mouth , with more teachers inviting her into their classroom .", "“ it ’ s a great opportunity , ” she said .", "for more information about perala , visit www .", "genaperala .", "com i ’ m on the radio www .", "wbsdfm .", "com tonight !", "hey guys !", "ima be interviewed by the radio tonight , wednesday aug 7th , 7 : 00pm pacific time ( 9pm central ) .", "tune in if you like . . wbsd 89 .", "1fm burlington , wisconsin new release show !", "!", "!", "tune in here : http : / / wbsdfm .", "com / wbsd / listen .", "html http : / / www .", "theprovince .", "com / music + festival + season + sweeps + into / 8475049 / story .", "html please explain what just happened .", "i think i was in some kind of oxygen tent .", "i remember the color yellow , and my mom .", "if you weren ’ t a musician , what other profession would you choose .", "describe a typical work day .", "like a lot of my other days .", "read full interview here : http : / / www .", "thenervousbreakdown .", "com / tnbac / 2013 / 05 / 21 - questions - with - gena - perala / © 2017 gena perala .", "all rights reserved .", "designed by mint themes when the four roses finally rolled into rockfield , they had to admit to leckie that they had only written two songs , neither of which were very good .", "then the police turned up , to charge them with criminal damage , and they were forced to spend the night at monmouth police station .", "on their return , they spent three months working on a solitary composition , one love , which was in the vein of , but no match for , fool ’ s good , and put it out as a stop - gap single , which duly went top five in july 1990 . by now , arty guitarist and chief songwriter john squire , and drummer alan ‘ reni ’ wren were at loggerheads , as squire suddenly preferred playing along to looped rhythms , which wren felt marginalized him .", "squire compositions like breaking into heaven and ten storey love song were nailed then , but at a second patch of sessions in july - august , squire ’ s creative inspiration dried up , and they wasted more time simply re - recording the stuff they ’ d already done .", "at this stage , what the roses desperately needed was someone to put a rocket beneath them , but without a manager , and with the geffen label far too busy coping with the astonishing success of another of their acts , nirvana , the project simply drifted on .", "now totally rudderless , the rockfield sessions spiralled on for another 14 months , at an estimated cost of £ 250 , 000 . squire ’ s songs increasingly reflected a new - found obsession with led zeppelin , and at this point the rest of the band spent a lot of time trying to steer the ship back towards a more contemporary , dance - orientated sound .", "the two camps became more entrenched by the day , and by early ’ 94 , squire began to numb his cares with cocaine , often disappearing to his room in marple for days on end .", "by contrast , brown and the others were heavy marijuana smokers : brown vilified coke as a selfish drug in comparison to cannabis , whose natural properties he thought brought users into close harmony with the earth .", "having finally done the hard part , the roses then let their inner disharmony scupper what should have been the easier part , a successful comeback tour .", "instead , wren quit before the tour began , and a headline appearance at glastonbury ’ 95 had to be scratched after squire fractured his collarbone while mountain - biking .", "by august ’ 96 , squire too , had jumped ship , leaving a half - strength roses bolstered by session musos to play a legendarily abominable set at reading ’ 96 . liam gallagher on noel , divorce , twitter rants . . . and how he stays zen we ' ve noticed you ' re adblocking .", "we rely on advertising to help fund our award - winning journalism .", "we urge you to turn off your ad blocker for the telegraph website so that you can continue to access our quality content in the future .", "thank you for your support .", "iran unveiled a new ballistic missile friday , showing off the weapon during a military parade in tehran . \"", "when it comes to defending our country , we will ask nobody for their permission , \" president hassan rouhani said .", "silkia babilonia says that since the storm , she hasn ' t been able to reach friends and family on the island ' s west side .", "john mccain on friday imperiled republicans ' latest affordable care act repeal and replace effort when he said he \" cannot in good conscience \" support the so - called graham - cassidy bill .", "but mccain did also say he could at some point support the substance of his fellow republicans ' proposal . \"", "i would consider supporting legislation similar to that offered by my friends sens .", "[ lindsey ] graham and [ bill ] cassidy were it the product of extensive hearings , debate and amendment , \" mccain said . \"", "but that has not been the case . \"", "updated at 3 : 36 p . m . et sen . john mccain may , once again , be the savior of president barack obama ' s signature domestic achievement .", "the arizona republican announced in a statement on friday that he opposes the latest gop legislation to dismantle the affordable care act .", "copyright 2017 fresh air .", "to see more , visit fresh air .", "copyright 2017 fresh air .", "to see more , visit fresh air .", "the solution ?", "support civic learning programs in k - 12 education at the state and local level , the researchers argue . \"", "we know that if you study civics in high school you are more likely to be an informed voter , \" says peter levine , co - author of the paper and an associate dean for research at tufts .", "world leaders gobble up m & m ' s imprinted with u . n . goals sometimes it ' s hard to get people to pay attention to the biggest problems of the world — poverty , hunger , disease .", "but what if they were printed on m & m ' s ?", "amber senter , andrea unsworth , nina parks and tsion \" sunshine \" lencho are women of color who work in the legal cannabis industry in oakland , calif . even in 2017 , that ' s unusual .", "as the city ' s weed industry grows , the players who are most likely to jump in on the \" green rush \" have two things in common : they are overwhelmingly white , and have access to lots of money .", "so together , senter , unsworth , parks and lencho decided to change that .", "north korea has suggested that north korea could test a hydrogen bomb in the pacific , the latest in an escalating tit - for - tat between leader kim jong un and president trump .", "if pyongyang makes good on the threat , it would mean marrying the two most powerful weapons known to man : a fusion - type nuclear weapon and a ballistic missile .", "german chancellor angela merkel and her christian democratic union are poised to win germany ' s national elections sept . 24 . but for the first time since the second world war , germany ' s parliament , the bundestag , also looks set to include an extreme right - wing party — the alternative fuer deutschland ( alternative for germany ) or afd .", "since its founding in 2013 , the party , led by economist alice weidel and former cdu politician alexander gauland , has been shaking up the german political landscape .", "it is currently represented in 13 of germany ' s 16 state legislative bodies .", "dego & kaidi have one of those long - running , non - exclusive musical relationships the quality of which is impossible to deny and hard to explain if the context — london ' s multi - cultural club - life — is unfamiliar .", "theirs is a classic example of how , given enough time , underground harmony solidifies into cultural bedrock .", "updated at 3 : 15 p . m . et \" free speech week , \" a four - day , right - wing rally at the university of california , berkeley , has been called off , student organizers of the event tell member station kqed .", "if the tiny desk offers one lesson , it ' s that greatness doesn ' t diminish with less volume .", "the lesson doubly applies here .", "during their performance , bomba estereo ' s simon mejia ( bass and keyboards ) observed that it was the quietist the band has ever played ; they rose to the occasion with an intense performance that reflects their earliest days working smaller venues in colombia .", "an estimated 30 million kurds live in territory overlapping northern iraq , turkey , iran and syria .", "they are the fourth - biggest ethnic group in the region after arabs , persians and turks .", "- - the next big focus in the russia investigations : social media .", "- - uber to lose license in london : ' not fit and proper ' , city says .", "the president had ascended to the nation ' s highest office despite losing the popular vote .", "the country was embroiled in an immigration debate stoked , in part , by the politics of fear .", "and a natural disaster in the making would soon highlight the systemic fault lines of race and class in america .", "in 2005 , the language of my world touched on all of those social issues and more .", "it couldn ' t have come at a more appropriate time — unless it was released today .", "every year , summer gives way to fall , and in movie theaters , blockbusters give way to awards contenders .", "on this week ' s pop culture happy hour , film critic bob mondello of all things considered and i spoke with tasha robinson of the verge and film writer bilal qureshi about some of what we all saw at the toronto international film festival , which kicks off the fall movie season .", "uber ' s license to operate in london expires in eight days — and london ' s transportation agency says it won ' t be renewed , citing a range of problems that make the company \" not fit and proper to hold a private hire operator licence . \"", "the issues raised by transport for london include uber ' s \" approach to reporting serious criminal offences \" and how it handles background checks .", "uber says it will appeal the decision .", "transport for london had been considering granting uber a five - year license .", "the company was first licensed in london in 2012 . you might have to go all the way back to robocop — the 1987 paul verhoeven one that got resubmitted to the mpaa a double - digit number of times before its comically grisly violence was deemed tame enough to warrant a mere r - rating — to find a trigger - happy popcorn flick as deeply cynical as the two kingsman super - spy adventures , the second of which is subtitled the golden circle .", "what is more nostalgic — for those of us with a past mall - punk phase — than a trip to warped tour , the 23 - year - old , youth - oriented , aggressively branded touring music festival that visits around 40 u . s . cities each year ?", "twice i ' ve attended and twice i ' ve gotten sun poisoning in the name of ­­ pop - punk ( and ska , and hardcore , and rap ) .", "gassy cows warm the planet .", "scientists think they know how to squelch those belches air travel can be a stressful experience for all of us .", "but for russell lehmann , who has autism , a flight delay or cancellation isn ' t just a small inconvenience .", "unexpected changes can cause him to have panic attacks — or worse .", "for more than nine months , twitter and facebook have tried to dodge the intense public scrutiny involved with the investigation into russian interference in last year ' s presidential election .", "now they ' re in the spotlight .", "congressional investigators are digging in on russia ' s use of facebook , twitter and other social media companies to try to influence the 2016 campaign .", "in celebration of our 10 year anniversary , we took you on a journey to experience the magic backstage .", "we ' re coming together once again to give you a much more intimate look behind the scenes !", "enjoy come together . . . again - a series of behind the scenes videos captured by the cirque du soleil team themselves .", "on 22nd august , 1969 , the beatles all turned up at tittenhurst park - john ' s house in ascot , at the time - for what turned out to be their last set of photos taken together .", "photographers monte fresco and ethan russell took these now iconic images .", "27th august , 1967 - brian epstein , the beatles ' manager , passed away . \"", "if you look at our faces in the film shot at the time , it was all a bit like : ' what is it ?", "what does it mean ?", "our friend has gone . '", "it was more ' our friend ' than anything else .", "brian was a friend of ours , and we were all left behind . \"", "- ringo .", "the pretty green x beatles collection includes a range of unique prints throughout the collection that have been hand drawn and digitally printed in house and inspired by detail worn by the beatles .", "dark horse radio , a new weekly show dedicated to the music that george harrison wrote , sang and loved , is coming to siriusxm ’ s the beatles channel ( ch .", "18 ) .", "featuring music curated by george harrison ’ s estate , the weekly 30 - minute program , hosted by nashville recording artist laura cantrell , will provide insight into harrison ’ s musical influences , tastes and the impact he had on other artists .", "it ’ s a musical journey into george ’ s mind , his legacy and his catalog .", "in addition to new songs , \" give more love \" also includes bonus track new renditions of \" back off boogaloo , \" \" don ' t pass me by , \" \" photograph \" and \" you can ' t fight lightning . \"", "everything you need to know about the film is here : http : / / thebeatleseightdaysaweek .", "com / ‘ sgt .", "pepper ’ presented with new mixes in stereo and 5 .", "1 surround audio ; expanded with previously unreleased session recordings , video features & special packaging previously unreleased 1992 documentary film , ‘ the making of sgt .", "pepper , ’ restored for anniversary edition ’ s super deluxe boxed set for more information about the creation of this incredible show , and how to get tickets visit love .", "thebeatles .", "com .", "new acts , costumes , choreography , technology and music bring a more vibrant and engaging experience to one of the most celebrated shows in the world .", "the three - time grammy award winning love is a rock ‘ n ’ roll poem , inspired by the poetry of the lyrics and brought to life by a cast of world - class aerialists , acrobats and dancers .", "music director giles martin , son of the legendary beatles producer , sir george martin , has heightened love ’ s listening experience with a completely remixed soundtrack , noting “ the show is the closest anyone can get to being in the studio with the band .", "” on december 24 at 12 : 01am local time - - here , there and everywhere - - the beatles ’ music is available for streaming . . . fans ' photos , videos and tweets in response to listening to the mono vinyl box set .", "take a look at what people all over the world are saying about the beatles right now .", "love is a unique collaboration between apple and cirque du soleil celebrating the musical legacy of the beatles .", "find out how the music of the beatles and the acrobatics of cirque have combined to make an incredible audio visual experience on stage at the mirage , las vegas .", "on 25th june 1967 an estimated worldwide audience of 350 million watched the beatles perform ' all you need is love ' as part of the our world satellite broadcast .", "this press event took place the day before the live broadcast .", "find out about this incredible moment in television and music history .", "ringo invites you - and everyone everywhere - to think , say , or post # peaceandlove at noon ( your local time ) on july 7 . join ringo in generating a wave of peace & love that moves over the planet , starting at noon in new zealand and ending at noon in hawaii .", "siriusxm ' s the beatles channel has your chance to win a trip for two to ringo starr ' s peace & love birthday celebration on july 7th at the capitol records tower in los angeles . . . plus get a photo with ringo !", "he is inviting family , friends and the public to come together in a moment of \" peace & love \" at noon .", "you will attend ringo ' s birthday brunch and vip reception inside studio a at the capitol records tower , where you ' ll get a photo opportunity with ringo !", "enter : https : / / www .", "siriusxm .", "com / ringopeaceandlove alan aldridge sadly passed away on the 17th february .", "alan was a very early member of the apple family , and he enriched apple with his creativity and visual style - his influence will always be part of the beatles legacy .", "his revolutionary work continued throughout his illustrious career .", "our thoughts go out to his family and friends .", "academy award ® - winner ron howard ’ s acclaimed documentary feature film the beatles : eight days a week - the touring years won the grammy award for best music film at last night ' s awards .", "said nigel sinclair , brian grazer and scott pascucci , “ we are so thrilled to win this award ; this project was quite the adventure and we were so blessed to have ron ' s leadership guiding us through it all .", "we join with ron in thanking the recording academy for this honor which will mean so much to the huge number of people that worked on the film .", "thank you to jeff jones and the team at apple corps for all their support and of course the beatles for trusting us with their amazing story . \"", "available now , the acclaimed film is out on digital download , blu - ray and dvd , plus 2 disc special edition on both formats .", "paul mccartney , ringo starr & ron howard photographed at a promotional day at abbey road studios on wednesday 14th september on the eve of the cinematic release of the new ron howard documentary “ the beatles : eight days a week ” .", "find out all about the new movie at http : / / thebeatleseightdaysaweek .", "com “ i was sitting at the piano when i thought of it .", "the first few bars just came to me , and i got this name in my head . . . “ daisy hawkins picks up the rice in the church ” .", "i don ’ t know why .", "i couldn ’ t think of much more so i put it away for a day .", "” paul mccartney the eleanor rigby video is available exclusively on @ applemusic and itunes this week .", "the film is a sequence originally used in the movie yellow submarine .", "released in july 1968 , its surreal , ground - breaking , visuals were the work of art director heinz edelmann .", "the beatles love by cirque du soleil has evolved - get ready for the 10th anniversary celebrations !", "a truly innovative and unique production , love has evolved for its 10th anniversary to present a more dynamic and immersive musical experience , captivating music and theatre fans worldwide .", "new acts , costumes , choreography , audio visual technology and remixed music has made the show brighter , bolder and bigger than ever !", "if you can ' t make the anniversary evening you can find tickets for all our shows here .", "ron howard ’ s authorized and highly anticipated documentary feature film about the beatles ’ phenomenal early career the beatles : eight days a week - the touring years is set for a global theatrical release date for september 16th .", "the beatles : eight days a week - the touring years is based on the first part of the beatles ’ career ( 1962 - 1966 ) – the period in which they toured and captured the world ’ s acclaim .", "following an all - star world premiere in london on september 15th the film will be shown theatrically around the world and will stream exclusively in the us on hulu .", "visit thebeatleseightdaysaweek .", "com to watch the trailer and find out more .", "a truly innovative and unique production , the beatles love by cirque du soleil has evolved for its 10th anniversary to present a more dynamic musical experience .", "new acts , costumes , choreography , audio visual technology and remixed music have made the experience of the love show more immersive and exciting than ever .", "since love ’ s debut , more than 4 , 500 performances have been staged for a cumulative audience approaching eight million people .", "tickets are on sale now for love ’ s special 10th anniversary celebration performance on thursday , july 14 at 8pm .", "20th may , 1966 - shooting clips for ` paperback writer ' / ` rain ' at chiswick house , london . \"", "the mania made it pretty difficult to get around , and out of convenience we decided we were not going to go into the tv studios to promote our records so much because it was too much of a hassle .", "we thought we ' d go and make our own little films and put them on tv … 22nd may , 1995 - paul mccartney , ringo starr and george martin begin work on anthology 1 at abbey road studios .", "originally released in 2cd volumes in 1995 and 1996 , anthology ’ s three chronological collections of rare and previously unreleased beatles recordings include studio outtakes and alternate versions .", "hulu has secured the exclusive us streaming video on - demand rights to academy award winner ron howard ’ s feature documentary the beatles : eight days a week ( working title ) .", "the film is produced with the full cooperation of paul mccartney , ringo starr , yoko ono lennon and olivia harrison .", "details about the film ’ s international television and streaming partners , and its theatrical and dvd release in autumn 2016 will be announced soon .", "27th january 1962 - the last concert the band played at the aintree institute .", "according to mark lewisohn , brian epstein was paid the beatles ’ £ 15 fee in loose change - he made sure they never played for promotor brian kelly again .", "1s is out now , and has received some amazing reviews .", "drupal web development by drupology .", "hear willie nelson and sons lukas , micah sing ' mind your . . . songwriter mac mcanally on ' southbound ' lp , touring with . . . jason aldean spotlights those who shaped his career in . . . buddy miller is among the artists on ' treasure of the broken land , ' a tribute to late singer - songwriter mark heard .", "credit : erika goldring / getty in 2005 , the americana music association awarded song of the year to \" worry too much , \" a grinding rock & roll gospel number that opens buddy miller & apos ; s universal united house of prayer lp .", "while the song contains all the earmarks of a classic miller tune , its author was mark heard , whose intensely poetic lyrics radiated with dylanesque flourishes and whose influence can be heard throughout miller & apos ; s most raw , confessional work . \"", "i start each day going into my studio and sitting in front of a seventies trident b range recording console that belonged to mark heard , \" miller tells rolling stone country . \"", "i put my fingers on the faders , i turn the same knobs he turned , feel the same frustrations of trying to pull music out of it .", "i think about mark a lot .", "he crammed a lot of gear into a tiny garage studio and made some of the deepest urgent music i know . . . still stirring me today . \"", "treasure of the broken land : the songs of mark heard will be available june 2nd on storm weathered records .", "please enable javascript to sign up for the newsletter .", "we may use your e - mail address to send you the newsletter and offers that may interest you , on behalf of rolling stone and its partners .", "for more information please read our privacy policy hear willie nelson and sons lukas , micah sing . . . songwriter mac mcanally on ' southbound ' lp , . . . jason aldean spotlights those who shaped his . . . see singer becca mancari ' s gorgeous , . . . watch tim montana live large in outrageous . . . copyright © 2017 lambgoat , llc .", "all rights reserved .", "/ / member of the blast beat network .", "p . w . elverum & sun , ltd . - mount eerie go into the store here .", "for scandinavia email anita at atomic soul .", "for europe / uk email andreas at puschen .", "for everywhere else email andrew at billions . )", "mon .", "nov . 13th , 2017 – london , england – st . john at bethnal green / / poster tues . nov . 14th , 2017 – london , england – st . john at bethnal green / / poster sat .", "nov . 18th , 2017 – st . denijs , belgium – st . dyonisus / / poster elv039 – early tapes , 1996 – 1998 by the microphones , lp + d . l . ( dec . 9th , 2016 ) elv038 – lost wisdom by mount eerie with julie doiron & fred squire , 2016 reissue version , lp + d . l . ( may 27th , 2016 ) elv037 – no flashlight by mount eerie 2015 reissue , lp + download ( oct . 2nd , 2015 ) elv036 – “ sauna ” by mount eerie : 2 × 45rpmlp + download ( feb . 3rd , 2015 ) elv034 – “ pre - human ideas ” by mount eerie : lp + download ( nov . 12th , 2013 ) part one of a pair of records exploring a living place as a modern questioning person , walking around and looking at things for 80 or so years before disbanding back into dirt .", "a 7 ” single of this hot new hit track by nicholas krgovich ( no kids , mount eerie ) backed with an a cappella mix of the same song .", "here you ’ ll find rare footage of an early version being performed live at what the heck 2010 . elv022 – “ song islands vol .", "2 ” by mt .", "eerie 2xlp mt .", "eerie singles compilation .", "31 songs , double vinyl plus download .", "released oct . 19th , 2010 , out of print * elv018 – fog movies live by mount eerie * - dvd : sold out bootleg of mt .", "eerie at what the heck fest 2007 set to movies of the world looking slow and beautiful in bad weather elv016 – “ black wooden ceiling opening ” by mount eerie – 10 ” + cd : out of print 6 songs recorded with the november 2006 mount eerie “ hard core ” line up which was kjetil jenssen of the spectacle , the enigma jason anderson and phil elverum .", "our fastest and loudest achievement so far .", "“ elv015 ” – “ ando - pr – 36 page book ( out of print ) ?", "?", "a portfolio of writing and collage work .", "recipient of the world ’ s top hilarious joke award .", "here are some samples .", "“ elv012 ” “ don ’ t smoke / get off the internet ” by the microphones : 7 ” ( out of print ) white or clear vinyl , letterpressed covers .", "this was a new single by the microphones , released in january of 2007 . two punk songs telling you what to do .", "“ elv009 ” – gris ” by woelv 10 ” / cd : for sale geneviève made these 4 long songs in preparation for a tour of japan .", "they turned out to be too good for just a tour thing so we released it .", "they are an attempt at “ prog rock ” she says .", "drones and mind bends .", "sung in french .", "“ elv008 ” - “ no mystery ” by d + , lp + cd , ( out of print ) white vinyl , cdr , lyric sheet , letterpressed covers .", "d + is a band made up of bret lunsford , karl blau , and phil elverum .", "we are very relaxed about it .", "the songs are bret ’ s . we all live in anacortes and in feb . 2006 we made a new record ( our 5th ) in the mornings .", "“ elv006 ” – “ nobody ’ s perfect ” by mount eerie – ( never released ) ?", "?", "this live recording was perhaps once intended for physical release but ended up only being released on this one music website .", "elv003 “ 11 old songs ” by mt .", "eerie lp + cd + 2 booklets ( out of print ) 11 songs made up during the winter of 2002 / 2003 and recorded later , sung over the top of primitive electronica .", "half joke .", "half funny .", "“ elv001 ” – “ mount eerie dances with wolves / wolf mountain howls in the world ” version 2 ( out of print ) on that tour of australia mt .", "eerie became a big pickup band of australians and recorded these 2 songs direct - to - lacquer in a cool studio / pressing plant compound in melbourne .", "“ elv00negative1 - “ mt .", "eerie dances with wolves / wolf mountain howls in the world ” version 1 ( out of print ) the australian version of elv001 , made on the spot .", "“ elv00negative2 - seven new songs of mt .", "eerie ” – ( out of print ) this is 7 songs that were originally recorded for a tour of australia in 2004 . it wasn ’ t a real release .", "just some cdrs in a photocopied cover .", "no big whoop .", "to the ground b / w “ the mouth of sky ( m . i . d . i . strings ) ” by mount eerie feat .", "nicholas krgovich released by atelier ciseaux in spring 2012 . out of print in physical form .", "downloadable here mt .", "eerie split 7 ” with no kids ( out of print ) on the caff / lick label featuring the m . e . song “ through the trees ( excerpt ) ” feat .", "nick krgovich , and the n . k . song “ prisoner of desire ” feat .", "fudge elverum “ egil ’ s saga plus the saga of ref the sly ” read aloud onto 7 c . d . s ( out of print ) i made this as an all - purpose present for my family in late 2005 but decided to make a few extra copies .", "i ’ ve been told it ’ s actually pretty hard to listen to .", "“ water activated alpine - themed packing tape # 1 ( sweater ) ” by phil elverum ( out of print ) deluxe custom printed packing tape presented as fine art .", "a roll of non - ironic designer packing tape with wind blowing through trees .", "“ black wooden ep ” by mt .", "eerie lp / cd a release as part of southern records ’ latitudes series recorded at the legendary southern studios in london in the summer of 2007 .", "6 songs .", "ando - pr vol .", "2 – cd and pamphlet mount eerie has a song on a katy davidson tribute tape .", "publicity for “ a crow looked at me ” is being done by jonathan williger at motormouth media .", "arlington , tx w / starship ft . mickey thomas preorder august 23 at kansasband .", "com preorder august 23 at kansasband .", "com fans can pre - order starting august 23 , by visiting www .", "kansasband .", "com .", "kansas will resume the leftoverture 40th anniversary tour this fall .", "more information on the tour , including specific leftoverture 40th anniversary tour dates , can be found at www .", "kansasband .", "com .", "legendary classic rock band kansas made a surprise appearance at comic - con : international san diego introducing supernatural ’ s packed hall h panel on sunday with an epic performance of their legendary single “ carry on wayward son , ” which serves as the de facto theme song for the winchester brothers and supernatural fans worldwide .", "“ carry on my wayward son .", "there ’ ll be peace when you are done .", "lay your weary head to rest .", "don ’ t you cry no more …” legendary classic rock band kansas made a surprise appearance at comic - con : international san diego introducing supernatural ’ s packed hall h panel on sunday with an epic performance of their legendary single “ carry on wayward son , ” which serves as the de facto theme song for the winchester brothers and supernatural fans worldwide .", "read warner bros . ' full release here : comic con press release kansas regretfully announces the cancellation of its 2017 european tour .", "the cancellation is based on safety and security warnings issued by the united states government and various u . s . law enforcement agencies concerning americans traveling in europe this summer .", "kansas is extremely saddened that the band will not be able to perform for its european fans this year .", "rock band kansas to carry on leftoverture 40th anniversary tour to even more select u . s . cities due to high demand rock band kansas to carry on leftoverture 40th anniversary tour to even more select u . s . cities due to high demand based on incredible demand , dates have been confirmed for a final u . s . leg of the leftoverture 40th anniversary tour across cities such as san francisco , ca ; san diego , ca ; houston , tx ; minneapolis , mn ; topeka , ks ; champaign , il ; wichita , ks ; knoxville , tn ; toledo , oh ; jacksonville , fl ; and many more .", "kansas pre - sale tickets , wheat & greet vip packages , and premium seat packages for most new leftoverture 40th anniversary tour dates will be available at 10 am local time on friday , march 24 , using passcode kansasband .", "more information , including pre - sale ticket & vip package links will be available at www .", "kansasband .", "com or at the band ’ s facebook page www .", "facebook .", "com / kansasband .", "tickets for most shows go on sale to the general public at 10am local time on march 31 . amazon - http : / / amzn .", "to / 2cwwnrp best buy - http : / / bit .", "ly / 2da7bbi itunes / apple music - http : / / apple .", "co / 2asjbqc wal - mart - http : / / bit .", "ly / 2d2fgog independent record shops - http : / / recordstoreday .", "com / stores spotify - http : / / spoti .", "fi / 2b0oi3j google play http : / / bit .", "ly / 2asrfhn october 28 , 2017 huntsville , al mark c . smith concert hall december 9 , 2017 the villages , fl sharon l . morse performing arts center leftoverture 40th anniversary tour expands to select u . s . cities in 2017 due to high demand in a joint statement , the band says , “ it ' s been a long time since we ' ve made a one song concert video and we had a great time doing it !", "‘ rhythm in the spirit ’ was our unanimous first choice and we are very happy with how it turned out .", "” due to very popular demand , dates have been confirmed across cities such as los angeles , portland , denver , seattle , las vegas , salt lake city , and more .", "tickets for the tour dates can be purchased now .", "more information is available at www .", "kansasband .", "com amazon - http : / / amzn .", "to / 2cwwnrp best buy - http : / / bit .", "ly / 2da7bbi itunes / apple music - http : / / apple .", "co / 2asjbqc wal - mart - http : / / bit .", "ly / 2d2fgog independent record shops - http : / / recordstoreday .", "com / stores spotify - http : / / spoti .", "fi / 2b0oi3j google play http : / / bit .", "ly / 2asrfhn for media , press , and interview requests : contact j . r . rees email : [ email protected ] © copyright kansas 2017 • powered by creativeedgeinc .", "com • photo credits : david carstens , courtney meadows , mark schierholz , cindy steinhardt , michie turpin ' , r . childnodes [ 0 ] .", "getattribute ( ' href ' ) } function o ( e , t , r , n ) { for ( r = ' ' , n = ' 0x ' + e . substr ( t , 2 ) | 0 , t + = 2 ; t - 1 & & ( a . href = ' mailto : ' + o ( a . href , t + l . length ) ) } catch ( e ) { } for ( c = e . queryselectorall ( ' .", "_ _ cf _ email _ _ ' ) , n = 0 ; n my fifth record is in many ways inspired by the hugely ambitious progressive pop records that i loved in my youth ( think peter gabriel ’ s so , kate bush ’ s hounds of love , talk talk ’ s colour of spring and tears for fears ’ seeds of love ) .", "sw ’ s daily soundtrack – diverse / divisive / eclectic / eccentric .", "tickets are now on sale for the third and final show @ royalalberthall on 29th march 2018 !", "- royalalberthall .", "com / tickets / e … # stevenwilson # tothebone pic .", "twitter .", "com / 5gf7kr4nly thank you @ planetrockradio for placing # nowherenow in their a - list playlist !", "- stevenwilson .", "lnk .", "to / nowhereno … @ lassehoile # newmusic # tothebone due to overwhelming demand , a 3rd date @ royalalberthall in london has been added for 29th march 2018 - gigst .", "rs / sw # onsalefriday pic .", "twitter .", "com / dwobdgw04t # swfanevent # london @ royalalberthall # announcement ift .", "tt / 2xfyyul pic .", "twitter .", "com / ui5qjbhnst i ' m pleased to reveal # nowherenow , filmed in stunning locations in the atacama desert , chile 🇨🇱 earlier this year - stevenwilson .", "lnk .", "to / nowhereno … pic .", "twitter .", "com / ujlab1qsps a sw event is planned for tomorrow ( 19th september ) where fans have the opportunity to participate in an announcem … ift .", "tt / 2funddr pic .", "twitter .", "com / h6hgxcs06t steven has become known for the high standard of his production and is a sought - after mixer and producer .", "artists he has worked with in this capacity include the norwegian artist anja garbarek , anathema , and swedish progressive - metal band opeth for whom he produced and / or mixed four albums .", "the younger knowles sister creates her own lane with \" a seat at the table . \"", "but she ’ s still a knowles .", "having beyoncé as a sister means being evaluated against the tallest measuring stick in the music industry , and the noticeably familiar visage and voice serve to further encourage the comparison .", "beyoncé casts a big shadow — so big that solange is often remembered more for her elevator fight with jay z than for her music .", "a seat at the table is solange ’ s forsaking of the measuring stick , the shadow , and the celebrity altogether .", "her newly - released music videos for “ don ’ t touch my hair ” and “ cranes in the sky ” are a testament to the art - above - all mentality .", "co - directed by herself and her husband , alan ferguson , the stunning visuals are a celebration of black beauty and excellence that offer little room for the unconscious singing and dancing along of a surface - level listener .", "shooting for critical acclaim over chart - topping singles is not an oft - trodden path , especially without some compromise , but that is a privilege solange has earned as an established yet still undefined artist .", "she doesn ’ t waste the opportunity .", "a seat at the table is a beautifully arranged , layered and poignant message of black power that doesn ’ t risk its replay value with smash singles .", "although she may never draw as big an audience as beyoncé , she knows she doesn ’ t need to : solange has carved her own lane now , her toolkit amply stocked with talent in writing , producing , and directing .", "as she continues down that path , she is well on her way to becoming a measuring stick in her own right — the brilliant talent that will lead the charge for all the proud black women that follow her .", "by kareem , who just followed solange on twitter earlier today .", "like this article ?", "djbooth is committed to quality music journalism , never clickbait .", "you can join us by downloading our app or following us on facebook or twitter .", "by kareem sheikh , whose freestyles are so wavy he doesn ' t even need to turn the water on when he showers .", "lil uzi vert ’ s earnings for 1 .", "3 billion “ xo tour llif3 ” streams are depressing © the dj booth llc .", "original material is licensed under a creative commons license permitting non - commercial sharing with attribution .", "diplo , ezra koenig , and james blake make appearances , alongside breakout mvp melo - x .", "3 . \"", "don ' t hurt yourself \" f . jack white produced by beyoncé and vincent l . berry ii written by vincent l . berry ii , beyoncé , malik yusef , midian mathers written by jonathan coffer , beyoncé , carla williams , dean mcintosh , kendrick lamar , frank tirado , alan lomax , and john lomax sr . important stuff ahead .", "the fader newsletter .", "© 2017 the fader , inc . all rights reserved .", "neil young - archives vol .", "1 | reviews | clash magazine neil young - archives vol .", "1 premiere : the philistines jr . - ' nyc ' neil young - archives vol .", "1 a fan ' s dream package , finally here . . . neil young has long promised his archives set , and has teased his fans by putting its release date back and back and back , claiming he ’ s perfecting various technologies while busy recording and releasing new albums instead .", "what i ’ ve just been blessed with is the mammoth project ’ s first part - ‘ archives vol .", "1 ( 1963 - 1972 ) ’ .", "ten of the discs make up the series , while the eleventh is a preview disc , presumably a short compilation of the best of all of them .", "( there are no track listings , but i ’ ve found a web resource that lists them all . )", "i ’ m gonna fly through them and write as i go on what i hear , see and experience .", "there are worse ways to spend a grey tuesday … neil young archives vol .", "1 – official trailer it ’ s a dvd !", "menu page is a great sepia picture of neil young and the squires , young ’ s first band in winnipeg , canada .", "you can play all , or go via the song selection option , which i ' ve done , taking you to a virtual filing cabinet of the songs filed by year .", "these treats feature with every song , but it ’ s wonderful to hear the progression of neil as a writer and musician across these early pieces .", "‘ i ’ m a man and i can ’ t cry ’ tries its hands at beatles harmonies , and its naive charm of neil ’ s matinee - idol vocals gives a fun insight into the direction he was clearly heading . . . but then diverted down the acoustic road , as demonstrated on the fantastic demo versions of ‘ sugar mountain ’ and ‘ nowadays clancy can ’ t even sing ’ , which later was recorded with buffalo springfield .", "there are also links to get the song lyrics so we can sing along !", "don ’ t think that will go down too well in the office , though .", "the sound of screams almost drown out ‘ mr . soul ’ as a picture of buffalo springfield on stage graces the menu screen .", "a voice comes over , sternly warning : “ the buffalo springfield will not perform unless you get back to your seat .", "” the song selection , then , is the wonderful collection of mid - sixties springfield tunes penned by young .", "this was the group , of course , led by stephen stills , whom neil would later join up with again as part of the super - group crosby , stills , nash and young .", "songs such as ‘ expecting to fly ’ still radiate beauty , and they become so much more special with the extras ’ glimpses into their history .", "more great photos , more fascinating documents .", "i think i need to keep ploughing through these . . . disc 9 - journey through the past .", "a film by neil young sadly i don ’ t have time to sit and devour the whole 80 - minute feature .", "it ’ s a freewheeling colour documentary with no discernible storyline , but includes fantastic footage of neil live with the springfield , with cs & n , and of course solo .", "i ’ ll be watching this in full tonight .", "the special features include a photo gallery , memorabilia and press cuttings relevant to the movie .", "neil young archives vol .", "1 – blu - ray preview it ’ s all just a little too much to take while sitting at work .", "this is what i ’ m going to have to spend my weekend investigating further .", "this has been an incredible dip into the first part of neil ’ s astonishing ongoing project .", "neil young has proven himself as a unique talent , dedicating himself to following his muse , and this is no exception .", "it ’ s been well worth the wait .", "how long until part two ?", "who knows . . . read the full review in the july issue of clash , on sale june 4 . you know it will be glowing . . . later that year , they also opened for the damned on a short tour round the north of england .", "november 1981 saw therelease of their first single , a cover version of ralph mctell ’ s ‘ streets of london ’ , with the song that was to become thegroup ’ s anthem , ‘ so what ’ on the b side .", "danny joined on drums in 1998 .", "2002 - now … jon jon , beef and danny all left , to be replaced by pj ( original drummer ) , jez , and shady .", "this lineup of theband is still going as of april 2006 .", "« hide contributors : oswaldo88 , discovolante , deviant . , site copyright 2005 - 2017 sputnikmusic .", "com <EOS>" ]

[ [ "reception", "allmusic ' s stephen thomas erlewine felt it was a \" carefully crafted piece of adult contemporary pop , but it lacks memorable songs and suffers from several uninspired performances . \"" ] ]

[ "< EOT > with this kind of venom to spit , he has no trouble filling all 18 tracks with powerful material that is earnestly and skillfully delivered .", "he kicks things off with \" death march intro \" featuring green lantern , taunting his detractors , \" i ' m like the legs of a paraplegic really / cuz i ' m still a part of you even if you can ' t feel me . \"", "the menacing orchestral strings and military snares set the tone for the rest of the album musically , which follows immortal tech ' s lyrical attitude in its dark yet high - powered aural qualities .", "the grand scale of \" golpe de estado \" is aided by the sample from nas and jay - z ' s \" black republican \" but with some noticeable key changes throughout .", "this song is rapped entirely in spanish by immortal technique , temperamento , and veneno , and it is one of the most striking tracks on the album .", "if possible , immortal technique ' s delivery is even more biting in spanish and his lyrics are just as fierce , while the guest mcs capably keep the revolutionary vibe going .", "to his credit , immortal technique manages to keep the topics new and interesting even while maintaining his focus on the political .", "you wouldn ' t think anyone could make re - zoning sound like such a compelling topic , but he does so easily , focusing on the injustice in red - lining practices and gentrification on \" harlem renaissance . \"", "this is about as mellow as things get on \" the 3rd world , \" as the track ' s swaying strings and hand claps belie the song ' s serious content .", "some more improbable topics get raised and killed on \" lick shots , \" which features chino xl and crooked i , who both drop stellar verses .", "crooked i actually steals the show here , especially with memorable rants about right wing pundits ( \" gun pop off like the mouth of ann coulter \" ) , religious doctrine ( \" they wanna get rid of this conscious crook / like i ' m a gnostic , apocryphal , non - canonical , gospel book \" ) , and historical duplicity ( \" i ' m black as them ancient egyptians / before european historians went and changed the description \" ) .", "where does the 3rd world mixtape fall into all of this ?", "well , despite the fact that revolutionary volume 3 sounds like it ' s going to be another huge dose of gats , dirty nazis and verses weighing in high on the shock value scale , i think it ' s going to be different .", "sure immortal technique will keep up his thuggish lyrical style , but that ' s just his thing .", "the 3rd world introduced me to a second side of tech .", "dj green lantern ' s work puts tech and company on a whole new level of underground rap .", "the beats are more than bass and maybe a guitar - green lantern does good work by , say , sampling the star wars theme and letting tech flow like a beast over it , or producing throwbacks to softer immortal technique tracks on reverse pimpology , mistakes , and the harlem renaissance , and even putting tech on a beat with diabolic and ras kass that sounds southern enough to be an outkast song .", "i hear a lot of reckless hate on dj green lantern for his past work and even this , but take it from an it fan , lantern deserves nothing but props for his 3rd world efforts .", "i could picture greats like krs - one , nas , and gza digging these beats .", "the 3rd world is the third studio album by rapper immortal technique , following a five - year absence since revolutionary vol .", "2 . it was released on june 24 , 2008 , on viper records .", "the 3rd world peaked at number 99 on the billboard 200 chart .", "he claimed in an interview from september 2009 to have sold more than … the 3rd world is longer than your average undergound hip - hop mixtape but that ' s not to say its not fun to replay .", "songs like reverse pimpology , payback , death march , mistakes and more are the type of song that just doesn ' t get old .", "the lyrics tech spits are quality verses that cover so many subjects just reading them without even listening to their respective songs inspires thought .", "he has an intense delivery as usual on this one , but what he ' s really improved on is his flow .", "in the past tech knew his * * * and had no problem delivering his ideas , but his flow was tired and outdone by rappers who aren ' t even in the same ballpark .", "he is now pushing emotion through his voice , and is classier about his songs - less obnoxious .", "now everything isn ' t about the ideal , it ' s about the music as a whole .", "style is oozing from the 3rd world .", "it ' s refreshing to learn tech is so exulted about his new music , while talking about everything he still feels strongly about .", "and this is only a mixtape , so while he ' s getting excited about what he ' s doing it does the same for his hardcore fans .", "that ' s all he needed to do with this one , the hype for revolutionary volume 3 is officially high and isn ' t coming down anytime soon .", "amazingly enough , this just gets you to the halfway point of the album , and things don ' t let up from there .", "on \" open your eyes , \" he lets loose another spoken diatribe akin to \" beef and broccoli \" and \" the message & the money \" from his earlier albums , this time focusing on the u . s . ' s not - so - helpful relationship with latin america and underlining the parallels between exploited nations and below - the - radar hip hop . \"", "payback \" finds him sharing mic duties with diabolic and a razor sharp ras kass , discussing all the payback they would exact from the world ' s evildoers .", "this is one of the few times the political posturing gets slightly out of hand and out of context , as diabolic vows to \" have the first lady beat me off till my semen ' s launched / and i skeet across her face like peter north . \"", "i don ' t necessarily feel any protective impulse for mrs . bush , and i suppose it could be viewed as tit - for - tat retribution for white males ' mistreatment of women of color throughout history , but it comes across more like a standard misogynist rap taunt : showing your own manliness and emasculating your opponent by violating \" his \" woman .", "the fact that i can single out this moment as crossing the line , though , shows you that immortal technique and company know how to convey their revolutionary discontent effectively and without resorting to mere shock tactics .", "green lantern ' s panicky flutes and percussive clicks give \" the 3rd world \" a solid bounce that underscores immortal technique ' s invective against corrupt american meddling in his central american homeland , as he proclaims that \" the only place democracy ' s acceptable / is if america ' s candidate is electable \" and mourns that \" rico laws don ' t apply to the cia . \"", "on \" hollywood drive by \" he begins to develop the metaphor of underground hip hop as a cultural third world , looked over and mistreated by the superpowers of the music landscape , and on his \" watchout remix \" he further explains his role in the trenches of this impoverished cultural zone : whilst almost every song certainly has its strong points such as the phenomenal lyrical content to rich man ' s world but even that particular song is let down by the samples throughout .", "the idea of immortal technique rapping over a prolonged sample of abba ' s money money money may sound ridiculous on paper and it translates this way on the actual song .", "it feels too forced and cheesy as technique frantically delivers his lyrics quicker than he is used to in a desperate attempt to remain on time with the fast , instantly recognizable jingle of the song it samples .", "another problem is that a couple of the songs are too long .", "ultimas palabras is not even an actual song but is more a case of immortal technique delivering his message through merely talking and this would be fine were it an interlude or skit , but a seven and a half minute track is really pushing things a little too far .", "angels & demons also suffers from its length , clocking in just short of five minutes and in reality only needing three but the annoying chorus is repeated too many times .", "on the flip - side , when this album is firing on all cylinders it really is a great accomplishment from the harlem - based rapper .", "after the introductory message , the title track begins with a powerful spoken word section that will no doubt get long - time fans of the artist pumped for the messages that they are about to hear , and when the first verse begins you realize that it is business as usual for immortal technique .", "for the first half of the song he speaks of guerrilla war and how there is no chance of ending it until people begin to refuse conscription , but the second half takes an interesting twist .", "it is here that he begins to hurl accusations at the government , highlighting various martyrs that have been held up in history , and this is where the power for this song is really found .", "this verse is intense and aggressive and has some incredible lyricism , beginning with four lines that speak volumes about the society we live in today .", "he also happens to be quite a skilled rapper , a fact often overlooked in discussions about his provocative political statements .", "on \" the 3rd world , \" he seems to have finally found a comfort zone in the balance between lyricism and message , meaning that neither aspect seems forced or highlighted at the expense of the other .", "whereas on his first album he occasionally seemed intent on proving his mc bona fides with lyrical tongue twisters , and on his second he leaned more heavily on conscious themes , on his latest release he has merged both aspects of his persona beautifully .", "as a rapper , he has stepped his game up , which is saying something since he was good to begin with .", "for one thing , his breath control is much improved , as is his apparent comfort level with his role as hip hop ' s ambassador for the downtrodden .", "the martyr is a great release from immortal technique but is let down by the fact that it is inconsistent .", "many of the songs are ridden with tiny flaws and irks that detract from their overall quality , and for every truly masterful song from technique there is one that lets the release down .", "the title track is the one that i recommend the highest , and civil war as they are two that really do show him to be among the best in the game at the minute .", "the martyr was released in 2011 and captures the rapper caught in a musical conundrum .", "some of the tracks that are found here are among the strongest he has put out to date ( the title track , civil war ) whereas others are somewhat lacking ( angels & demons ) .", "it opens up with a message from the man himself proclaiming that anyone who listens to the martyr should burn it to a disk or tape and show it to everyone they know .", "this self - promotion should give an indication as to the level of arrogance that technique carries but this massively works to his advantage , as he has proven time and time again in the past with tracks such as obnoxious .", "his lyrical content here is as strong as ever and occasionally threatens to eclipse even some of his strongest tracks to date , and his flows are rather tight .", "the real problem with the martyr is not with technique himself but is actually found in the guest appearances .", "another highlight of the martyr would be civil war .", "this song starts with an extended sample section of a speech before a rather eerie instrumental begins with immortal technique shouting curse words over the top of it .", "when technique pulls himself together and begins rapping you will see just how strong a lyricist immortal technique is and also just why he is so good - the amount of passion behind his words .", "he spits out every line with so much anger and aggression that it is hard not to be moved .", "this is the sound of a man feeling repressed and who wants to speak out through his music and really contains a lot of emotion .", "immortal technique is a rapper that has acquired a rabid fan - base in the underground rap scene that will froth at the mouth as they eagerly deliver his socially - charged messages whenever the words \" hip - hop \" come up in conversation .", "he has calved out a successful career for himself over the years with his controversial messages attacking the united states government , criticizing them and accusing them of various immoral practices such as the sale of drugs to other countries to resolve the economical issues the country has been faced with .", "he has released three studio albums to date as well as a mix - tape that was distributed for free through his record label entitled the martyr .", "viper records was founded in the year 2000 by jonathan stuart .", "the new york based label was originally founded to provide a home for stuart ' s album new prohibition .", "the album sold over 10 .", "000 copies and won the dooby award from high time magazie .", "the awards night was supposed to be at the wetlands a few … toward the end of the album , immortal gets a little more reflective , but he has clearly taken to heart the mantra that \" the personal is political , \" because even on seemingly autobiographical songs like \" mistakes \" and \" parole ( evil genius remix ) , \" he manages to inject social commentary .", "his first person account of a soldier \" on patrol in the desert right now \" on \" mistakes \" is particularly poignant , and the tremulous organ and bluesy sample help set the rueful mood : immortal technique talks about the gentrification of harlem and some of the history of the city .", "immortal technique used to live in harlem .", "immortal technique has two major problems .", "one of them is his endless beef with the ' white man he can ' t see ' running and ruining nations his people occupy for the benefit of big business , which are ideas impossible to say are surely backed by factual knowledge .", "i wouldn ' t call this a musical or personality flaw , rather a heated disposition fueled by hate and revolutionary goals which can easily divert much unwanted attention / criticism to you .", "nah , tech ' s actual flaw in his music is the repetition .", "the man ' s first two albums had the same title , very similar topics were covered in all the lyrics , and his dj couldn ' t keep up with the amount of songs tech wanted and wound up laying down a lot of filler .", "if this review is long - winded , it ' s because the album is as well , but somehow it never becomes tiresome .", "as expected , immortal technique ' s emotional range runs from pissed off to spitting daggers , but he has learned how to make this style work for him by crafting well thought out rhymes to convey his weighty messages and selecting beats that match his righteous fury .", "while not everyone will agree with his political perspective ( full disclosure : i usually do ) , you ' d be hard pressed not to admire the sincerity and commitment with which he expresses it .", "if you can acknowledge that , then you should definitely pick this one up , \" pa ' que viva la revolucion . \"", "immortal technique could be a polarizing figure in hip hop , if he ever got enough widespread recognition to inspire the fervent emotions his music inevitably provokes .", "a revolutionary who proudly wears this tag as a badge of honor , immortal technique is a peruvian harlemite whose raps are a means to an end , designed to enlighten and enrage you out of complacency and into action .", "despite the fact that this is all new material , it is a mixtape , which means that it is indeed \" mixed , \" with certain lines rewound and played back again .", "it can be annoying at times , but it ' s pretty minimal by mixtape standards and doesn ' t detract much .", "it is also a collaboration with dj green lantern , whose recent work with nas on \" the nigger tape \" has been making waves as well .", "this connection , as well as both rappers ' political themes , begs a comparison between the two .", "while both mcs provide valuable conscious insight , their differences can be summed up in their stances toward barack obama .", "while nas has dedicated a song to the hopeful next president , in which he ponders obama ' s power to reignite interest in politics among black youth and heal racial wounds , immortal technique takes a more cynical view of obama ' s ability to bring about serious change , subordinating a potential black president ' s power to that of economic structures : in 2002 , after turning down four major labels offering large advances , immortal technique signed with viper records in a deal that made him president of the label .", "tech felt comfortable knowing that no industry types were present to mess with his artistic integrity , and being president would give him the opportunity to put his business … immortal technique is an acrobat in the dark carnival , mcl .", "p . j . continues to tour and write throughout 2007 and releases the 2008 ep ' almost there ' .", "the ep features the song jackbone , with sean kelly of the samples joining p . j . on vocals .", "p . j . and his band open for lynyrd skynyrd and hank williams jr on the road in 2008 , and got welcomed home in 2009 by … no one seems able to determine the exact date that hemp / cannabis / marijuana appeared on the scene .", "this document will trace hemp back as far as history will allow , from 8500 bc in china to present day , noting the important role this much maligned weed has played in numerous civilizations down through the ages .", "the oldest human … p . j . tours throughout most of 2010 and writes his third album , 2011 ' s ' outlet ' , on the road .", "he works with producer dave o ' donnell ( james taylor , john mayer ) on two tracks and p . j . '", "s music begins to get tv placements on channels like … review summary : immortal technique returns with strong lyricism fueled by aggression , but also with inconsistency and flawed tracks .", "stuart began writing plays while in prison and after his release his first play envelope was produced by the american conservatory theatre in san fransisco .", "he spent some time as assistant director to tom ohorgan for the san fransisco production of hair .", "in 1970 stuart co - founded the barbwire theatre .", "the theatre company consisted of ex - convicts .", "… and how hard is it to listen to a free album . . . ?", "viper signs p . j . pacifico , a connecticut based singer songwriter .", "his first cd ' well i ' ll be ' , is released and p . j . begins touring .", "p . j . also signs on as label manager and takes over managing the viper website .", "p . j . sings the national anthem at madison square gardens for a rangers game .", "riding on the power of his first … tech signs and produces akir ' s first cd ' legacy ' , which gets a lot of love .", "akir goes on the road with redman .", "tech records ' bin laden ' and releases a single vinyl version featuring chuck d , krs - 1 , and mos def which places blame for 911 on bush . . . the talk shows are calling by the dozens .", "tech is … tech writes the theme song for the new movie baadasssss ! , a movie directed by mario van pebels based on a movie by his father , and tours with brother ali .", "to make the product more available , viper signs a new distribution … jonathan co - authored mary jane in 1978 with zolton soldgroff , mary jane is a musical revue that celebrates marijuana .", "mary jane showed in the park royal theatre in new york .", "twenty five humorous songs were performed with the audience often singing along .", "costumes were designed by jonathan ' s wife helena stuart .", "the couple later opened a successful … in 1972 jonathan wrote and directed the second hottest show in town , a nude improvisational revue .", "the seconds hottest show in town is an old fashioned revue consisting of blackout sketches that focus on the subject of sex .", "it ' s an … oh and btw , crimes of the heart is a fucking killer .", "in 1974 he was the production stage manager for lincoln center .", "in 1976 he produced barnaby bye for atlantic records , sky king for columbia records , bugatti & musker , street punk , urban blight , john pousette - dart , peppy castro , chris brubeck , sam butler , richard cox and more . \"", "i ’ m content to die for my beliefs .", "so cut off my head and make me a martyr … the people will alwa . . . this is like 100000000 times better than run the jewels .", "music vibes : 8 .", "5 of 10 lyric vibes : 9 .", "5 of 10 total vibes : 9 of 10 review summary : you are now in a state of guerrilla warfare .", "rate it awful - 1 very poor - 1 .", "5 poor - 2 average - 2 .", "5 good - 3 great - 3 .", "5 excellent - 4 superb - 4 .", "5 classic - 5 a poor attempt to satsify an increasingly impatient fanbase . . . . i had volume 2 and was pretty cool .", "i ' ll check this out , nice review .", "thug . . . life .", "yeah i know , i ' m just taking hollywood undead too seriously .", "how are you still around i thought all accounts were banned on account of everything .", "how are you still around i thought all accounts were banned on account of everything .", "lol chickenfish i probably started listening to tech before you even knew rap music existed .", "i listened to a couple tracks from this .", "i like it .", "you have to be logged in to post a comment .", "login | create a profile site copyright 2005 - 2017 sputnikmusic .", "com check @ genius for updates .", "we ' ll have things fixed soon .", "© 2017 genius media group inc . 2006 - viper signs p . j . pacifico stuart has been involved with drug law and prison reform since his arrest in 1964 for possession of 1 / 4 ounce of marijuana .", "he served one year out of a two year sentence at conneticut state prison .", "' , r . childnodes [ 0 ] .", "getattribute ( ' href ' ) } function o ( e , t , r , n ) { for ( r = ' ' , n = ' 0x ' + e . substr ( t , 2 ) | 0 , t + = 2 ; t - 1 & & ( a . href = ' mailto : ' + o ( a . href , t + l . length ) ) } catch ( e ) { } for ( c = e . queryselectorall ( ' .", "_ _ cf _ email _ _ ' ) , n = 0 ; n i need you to think for you and stop being a servant \" .", "rate it awful - 1 very poor - 1 .", "5 poor - 2 average - 2 .", "5 good - 3 great - 3 .", "5 excellent - 4 superb - 4 .", "5 classic - 5 you have to be logged in to post a comment .", "login | create a profile site copyright 2005 - 2017 sputnikmusic .", "com <EOS>" ]

[ [ "chart positions", "" ] ]

[ "< EOT > stand up is jethro tull ’ s 2nd album , and it marks a substantial leap over its predecessor in terms of songwriting , cohesion , and overall craft .", "like many , many british bands of the mid - late 60s , jethro tull started as a blues band , and their debut , 1968 ’ s this was , was an assured but safe indication of these roots .", "by the time they got to putting out its follow - up , tull emerged as a band far more equipped with the diversity of influence that would later define them as blues / jazz / folk / prog / metal minstrels of the highest order .", "they may never have been as heavy as black sabbath , as proggy as yes , or as canterbury as whoever the hell played canterbury , but they developed a sound that payed equal homage to each , and emerged as undeniably tull .", "while later masterpieces like aqualung , thick as a brick , and minstrel in the gallery would show this development at its highest fruition , stand up is a fully satisfying and incredibly exciting indication that this band knew exactly where it wanted to go .", "for all people knew , mick abrahams ’ departure could have spelled the end for jethro tull after just one lp .", "but ian anderson knew differently and the opening cut from his band ’ s sophomore album delivered the message loud and clear , simultaneously proclaiming a ‘ new day yesterday ’ and introducing new guitar player martin barre with an explosive riffing display .", "to top it all off , the song ’ s parent album , ‘ stand up , ’ raced up the u . k . charts to no .", "1 – a first and last in jethro tull ’ s storied career – and more than good enough for spot no .", "5 in our list of the top 10 jethro tull songs .", "the recording sessions for this album started in april ’ 69 . one month later , the band scored their first u . k . hit with “ living in the past , ” which charted at # 3 ( included in the remastered release ) . . starting with “ stand up , ” the band ’ s use of dynamics , celtic folk , and classically - oriented tonal structures , along with ian anderson ’ s flute playing and songwriting , became jethro tull ’ s signature .", "simply put , “ stand up ” was the genesis of tull ’ s sound and , not surprisingly , is one of anderson ’ s favorite tull records .", "say what you will about jethro tull – and the british band has been the target of both acclaim and ridicule over the decades – but the bottom line is no other band sounds anything like them .", "by picking up a concert flute ( after deciding he ’ d never learn to play guitar as well as clapton or beck ) , tull mastermind ian anderson gave his band a unique identity that would gain even greater distinction as his songwriting powers evolved to meld progressive rock with classical , folk , and medieval sounds and themes .", "and while they may never live down that late - career grammy for “ best heavy metal performance , ” jethro tull ’ s expansive catalog is filled to the brim with timeless songs out of which we will now attempt to select just 10 career standouts .", "wish us luck with our list of the top 10 jethro tull songs .", "stand up , then , remains rather unique .", "it is a document created in a rapidly closing artistic window , pre - prog but post - british blues and psychedelic rock .", "within two years jethro tull would unleash aqualung and fully , if warily , enter the prog - rock arena ( literally and figuratively ) .", "their second album continues to age quite nicely as a hybrid of many sounds , and a reflection of ian anderson ’ s restless vision .", "stand up boasts an ambition and vitality we usually associate with most successful debut albums , but the band is more seasoned and confident , with accordingly impressive results .", "it still manages to sound unspoiled , an ideal balance of daring and the deliberate .", "the first bit of good news regarding this “ collector ’ s edition ” of stand up is that you don ’ t need it .", "the second bit of good news is that for the most part it already exists , albeit scattered throughout a handful of previously released material .", "if you already own all of those sets , chances are you are a serious jethro tull fan , in which case you ’ ve probably already acquired this latest installment .", "to cut through the haze , anyone who has been meaning to pick up this excellent album should know it was remastered earlier this decade ( and includes the obligatory bonus tracks ) , so you can pick that baby up for about a third the cost .", "stand up may be jethro tull ’ s second album , but it is more like a first than a follow - up , in almost every way .", "this was , their proper debut , illustrated the direction which that band might have gone in ( keywords : that band ) .", "mick abrahams , original lead guitarist and co - leader , was no slouch and to his credit knew exactly where he wanted to go .", "a dedicated acolyte of the blues , abrahams was all about the old school and dirt - under - the - nails authenticity .", "his approach is mostly successful on this was , with songs such as “ move on alone ” , “ it ’ s breaking me up ” and the garage rock aggression of “ beggar ’ s farm ” .", "on other songs the sound is overly derivative and while never boring , the results are not exactly memorable , unless the design was to sound like third - rate cream ( it was a dubious decision to include “ cat ’ s squirrel ” , a song featured on cream ’ s debut , which suffers by comparison and betrays an opportunism that would have been more honest — and less misguided — if they ’ d called it “ copycat ’ s squirrel ” ) .", "all that being said , a question those unfamiliar or unimpressed with jethro tull might ask is : what does it matter ?", "it matters because , all other considerations aside ( deluxe packaging with original pop - up inside cover , liner notes from ian anderson , the first full and unedited version of “ with you there to help me / by kind permission of ” from the carnegie hall show ( wherein new pianist john evan does his best ludwig van ) , 5 .", "1 surround sound — but no footage — of the concert ) , stand up is a crucial album in many regards .", "in addition to serving as the first testament of the band tull became , and would become , it endures as a meaningful document from what turned out to be a very transitional moment in rock history .", "so , if this somewhat superfluous new release affords the opportunity for a sustained reappraisal , all the better .", "my first concert was jethro tull , in 1999 . to be honest , it wasn ’ t a great concert , but regardless jethro tull has always been a favorite of mine .", "not only do i consider them a great classic rock band , but my tendency to champion them has steadily increased as i ’ ve grown fearful that they might not get the posterity that they deserve .", "sure , people still remember jethro tull , but not like they remember the zeppelins or the floyds , or even the whos and creams .", "and i really wish that wasn ’ t the case , because there are few bands with as unique and gem - filled an output as tull had in the 60s and 70s .", "bob dylan once said that the english know how to pronounce \" marvelous \" better than americans , but that they have a little trouble with \" raunchy . \"", "stand up ! , jethro tull & apos ; s new album , has a fairly low raunch quotient , true to form , but it is quite marvelous .", "for one thing , the band & apos ; s orientation is more definite than before .", "with the removal of rick abrahams to form blodwyn pig , the musical tug - of - war which could be heard on the first album has here been effectively curtailed .", "ian anderson simply dominates the proceedings — doing all the writing and singing , and playing a potpourri of instruments .", "he revels a melodic gift on this album not apparent on the earlier one , a fuller awareness of the coloristic possibilities of the flute , and a catholicity of taste .", "the ‘ 80s , sadly , weren ’ t as kind to jethro tull ’ s commercial fortunes , but the band inadvertently grabbed one of their biggest career highlights in 1987 , when their 16th studio album , crest of a knave , snagged the grammy for best hard rock / heavy metal performance to the puzzlement of many , including anderson himself .", "new albums bearing original jethro tull material petered out in the ’ 90s ( their last , j - tull dot com , arrived in ‘ 99 ) , and ian anderson has recorded mostly under his own name in the new millennium , but he has kept the legacy of tull alive on stage , regardless .", "anyway , what i remember the most from the concert is ian anderson ’ s explaining that 1999 marked the 30th anniversary of one of their classic albums , 1969 ’ s stand up .", "appropriately , a larger - than - usual portion of the set was devoted to revisiting songs from that album .", "at the time i was probably only familiar with the aqualung album and a handful of other classic rock radio staples , but as i ’ ve dug deeper into their legacy over the years , stand up has certainly earned its place in my opinion as one of their seminal works .", "th : i was just thinking about the second jethro tull album stand up .", "for a rock album , it ’ s just amazing — the musicianship on it and the writing .", "[ ian anderson ] is a guy who brought the flute into a hard rock setting and pulled it off .", "nobody ’ s really done that .", "there are so few virtuosos on flute — you just don ’ t see that .", "but led zeppelin , the who , and later on down the line , u2 and the police are two of my favorite bands that made incredible music .", "satriani : people forget , or they don ’ t talk about it , but i think stand up is one of those albums that affected a lot of writers .", "it ’ s a record that had a big impact on the music community , in the sense of what people did in reaction to it .", "during the first 10 years or so after it came out a lot of people ragged on it , but ultimately it spawned several generations of devotees , who then created an entire musical life based on loving that album .", "it ’ s almost like exile on main st . in that way .", "i really admire martin barre , and of course ian anderson is unbelievable musician — his writing , his timing , and his ability to sing and play a number of instruments .", "i recently read that he would wake up in the morning , write a song or two , catch the train to the studio , and then the band would record what he had written .", "he just kept repeating that process as he made that album .", "that completely blew me away , that it was so off - the - cuff .", "that album is also a great window into the early genius of andy johns , who produced it .", "later , when i got to do two albums with him , i felt i had completed a circle .", "and while it didn ’ t achieve the colossal grandeur of those later albums , and perhaps doesn ’ t feel like an “ album ” in quite the same sense , i think that stand up actually benefits from working more as a collection of songs .", "all - out rockers “ a new day yesterday ” and “ nothing ’ s easy ” , jazzy numbers like “ jeffrey goes to leceister square ” and the bach rehash “ bouree ” , the ballads “ look into the sun ” and “ we used to know ” , and the unparalleled acoustic cartoonery of “ fat man ” ; these songs might not coalesce into some great , unified vision , but maybe stand up is the perfect occasion to appreciate that level of candour .", "songs from the wood is often referred to as one of the most commercially appealing jethro tull albums , containing elements of rock , prog and folk - rock .", "although media reaction at the time divided opinion , the album has certainly developed a nostalgic rapport with fans through the years and it is perceived today as one of the band ’ s most popular albums .", "drummer barrie barlow comments that it sounds “ fresh , unique , great textures , interesting and dynamic !", "” , while guitarist martin barre remembers that “ it was a very tight band , one of the strongest line - ups tull ever had … i think that songs from the wood and heavy horses [ the follow up album ] as a pair of albums are near the top of the tree ” .", "the second disc captures jethro tull performing live in sweden , where the band opened for jimi hendrix in january 1969 . recorded only a few weeks after martin barre joined the band , the concert includes songs from the band ’ s debut in addition to two songs destined for stand up .", "rounding out the disc are mono single mixes of living in the past and driving song , plus two radio spots promoting the album .", "after years of hearing his group conveniently lumped in with the prog rock bands of the early 1970s , ian anderson finally decided to pick up the gauntlet and fire back with an album - length song - suite on jethro tull ’ s fifth full - length .", "but , natural - born contrarian that he was , anderson proceeded to fill the epic musical adventure that comprised 1972 ’ s ‘ thick as a brick ’ with heaps of parody and satire , aimed squarely at those self - conscious purveyors of high - minded art rock .", "the results included both a now legendary , newspaper - aping album package design that perpetuated the lp ’ s conceptual hoax and a bona fide progressive rock masterpiece , worth every second of its 22 engaging minutes .", "this item : stand up by jethro tull audio cd £ 5 .", "99 now to be fair , there is a lot of good “ extra ” material included in this edition , and only hardcore tull fans will have all of it in their collections .", "various box sets and compilations have featured these bbc sessions as well as the carnegie hall concert from 1970 . if you already own stand up and are interested in hearing some vintage tull from that era , as well as an extended interview with ian anderson , you could do worse .", "that interview , conducted earlier this year , is the real draw here for fans that already have everything .", "reflecting back , “ stand up ” seems an obvious career turn but at its release , the reality was tull risked a great deal .", "the turn from the blue - orientated approach displeased important tull radio and promoter connections .", "the tune helming our list of the top 10 jethro tull songs is built around an ominous heavy rock riff as universally renowned as the one behind ‘ smoke on the water , ’ ‘ iron man ’ or ‘ whole lotta love .", "’ but , ironically , it does without ian anderson ’ s trademarked flute - playing .", "everything else about ‘ aqualung ’ positively screams “ jethro tull , ” though , from the way it meanders unpredictably between hard and soft passages with shockingly effortless ease to its focus on the sort of protagonist that always seemed to interest anderson most : marginal characters swept along in society ’ s slipstream .", "any way you slice it , the bottom line is ‘ aqualung ’ is one - of - a - kind .", "stand up represents the first album project on which anderson was in full control of the music and lyrics .", "it also marks the first appearance of guitarist martin barre , who appeared on every jt album from this point on .", "a few words must be said about clive bunker and glenn cornick , the drummer and bassist who would not be long for this band ( cornick lasted one more album ; bunker two ) .", "while it ’ s hard to quibble with bunker ’ s excellent replacement , barrie barlow , bunker was the perfect drummer for jethro tull ’ s early work .", "he does restrained as well as explosive , but his accompaniment is always ideal for whatever a particular song calls for .", "songs like “ back to the family ” and “ for a thousand mothers ” would be unthinkable without his contributions .", "cornick was a top - notch bass player and each new remaster reinforces how busy and brilliant he was in the pocket .", "he gets room to shine on “ bouree ” and “ nothing is easy ” , but as is often the case with the best bassists , you almost don ’ t realize he ’ s there until you stop and consider what a particular song would sound like without him .", "the charisma and stage antics of jeffrey hammond - hammond became indispensable components of tull ’ s charm and overall history , but the loss of cornick ( see : artistic differences , rock music ’ s version of the pink slip ) affected the later music more than anderson might ever care to admit .", "why not begin this list of the top 10 jethro tull songs with a key song from their very first album , 1968 ’ s ‘ this was ?", "’ the band ’ s lone outing with original guitarist mick abrahams barely hinted at the daring musical adventures lurking in anderson ’ s near future , but rather placed tull squarely in the brit - blues tradition that dominated the era .", "not that this in any way diminishes ‘ a song for jeffrey ’ s ’ lingering popularity as an infectious , slide - guitar - driven building block for what lay ahead .", "anyone foolish enough to presume that jethro tull ’ s peculiar musical template had effectively run out of steam towards the end of the ‘ 70s was proven sorely mistaken by the unprecedented finesse , balletic majesty and sheer , genre - straddling mastery of 1977 ’ s ‘ songs from the wood .", "’ the title track of tull ’ s tenth album threw everything but the burning campfire depicted on its cover at unsuspecting listeners , categorically dazzling them with its serpentine blend of rock , folk and classical music , not to mention those delightfully fey lyrics , delivered barbershop quartet - style by the band .", "“ a new day yesterday ” is almost a holdover from “ this was ” with its blues - stylings while “ nothing is easy , ” common in concert sets , is a blues - jazz fusion .", "“ bouree , ” a “ cocktail jazz ” ( ian ’ s words ) rework of a j . s . bach classical piece , would become a tull classic and an almost must for any concert set .", "many tull fans presume far eastern influences on the band ’ s music begin with anderson ’ s solo album “ divinities .", "” yet , traces can be found in “ fat man ” ( sometimes considered a jab at departed guitarist mick abrahams ) and “ jeffrey goes to leicester square , ” one of three tull songs devoted to ian ’ s boyhood friend jeffrey hammond who would later join the band .", "tom hamilton : that one was really a moment of inspiration for us .", "our second album , get your wings , we were under a lot of pressure from the label because they weren ’ t happy with how our first album [ aerosmith ] did .", "so we got to that project and made a better album .", "when it came time to do toys in the attic , i think we all really wanted to step up and make a statement .", "the band was really getting good and our producer , jack douglas , was someone that we had a lot of faith in — he was becoming a great producer .", "everybody just really wanted to go and kick ass .", "if you look at the changes between get your wings and toys in the attic , you can see how much better we were at making records and writing songs .", "stand up !", "has great textural interest , due , in part , to a more sophisticated recording technique , in part to the organ , mandolin , balalaika , etc . , which anderson plays to enrich each song .", "the band is able to work with different musical styles , but without a trace of the facile , glib manipulation which strains for attention .", "i can hear ethnic influences throughout the album — a hint of greek rhythms on the flute break of \" we used to know \" and in the body of \" four thousand mothers \" — but they are too well assimilated to be easily pinpointed . \"", "bourree \" has that unmistakable baroque swing , a suggestion of the traditional english round , some jazz interludes , and a straight - forward yet breathtaking bass solo before , it winds its way to completion . \"", "jeffrey goes to leicester square \" has a sense of the vague , charming disorganization of medieval music . \"", "look into the sun , \" which finishes side one , is in its melodic twists and turns , a song of genuine poignance , with martin barre & apos ; s guitar playing a model of lyricism and understatement .", "an excellent edition of a great album , stand up .", "satriani : i know a lot of mahavishnu heads really like the inner mounting flame , but there ’ s something special about birds of fire .", "i think maybe it ’ s the compositions john mclaughlin came up with that make it special for me .", "it ’ s almost like it ’ s a commercial version of the inner mounting flame , except that it ’ s not commercial — it ’ s just tight .", "the way the band tightened things up really made an impression on me .", "i grew up loving hendrix and the beatles and the stones and black sabbath and led zeppelin .", "when birds of fire came out , i thought , “ now that ’ s really fusion .", "” you could tell mclaughlin really did have one foot in the rock and roll world , and the other in the jazz world .", "he really bridged the gap , and he was one of the few who could do that .", "of course he ’ s still an incredible musician .", "jethro tull ’ s highest charting u . k . single ever ( and a top 20 in the u . s . years later ) , ‘ living in the past ’ helped establish the pastoral dimension of the band ’ s sound as well as the nostalgic imagery common to so many anderson lyrics .", "yes , it ’ s a relatively simple , straightforward song , by tull ’ s lofty standards ( if one can consider 5 / 4 time “ simple ” ) , but an incredibly seductive one , at that .", "even forty - plus years after its original release , it never fails to whisk listeners away from their adult concerns to experience childhood ’ s innocent wonders , even if briefly .", "musical escapism defined .", "no , jethro tull is not just another english blues band .", "this was , their first album , made some gestures in that direction , obligatory , in a way , for the time ( summer of & apos ; 68 ) ; in its differences it was intriguing even as it disappointed .", "its inadequacies were unconventional ; the essential problem seemed to be a style in search of a subject .", "an album of classic jethro tull repertoire , imaginatively arranged for classical string quartet with the flute , guitar and vocals of songwriter and producer ian anderson .", "perfect for lazy , long sunny afternoons , crisp winter nights , weddings and funerals .", "so by now we ’ re well past the album ’ s 30th anniversary , and although it doesn ’ t look like any special editions or anything are coming out to commemorate the 45th , isn ’ t it the perfect day for your own little jethro tull remembrance ceremony ?", "you ’ ll be happy you did … .", "jethro tull ’ s tenth album was inspired by ian anderson ’ s departure to a more rural environment in a transition which bore clear influence on the writing and recording process , with the band notably doffing a cap to british folklore and countryside .", "jethro tull ’ s tenth studio album ‘ songs from the wood ’ is set for deluxe reissue by parlophone records on may 19th 2017 . this summer , aerosmith will be crisscrossing the us with a set of dates that coincide with the 40 year anniversary of their 1975 album , toys in the attic .", "dubbed blue army tour 2015 , tom hamilton , the band ’ s longtime bassist , said the album title came from the band “ thinking about back in the 70s , where we would pull up to a venue we were playing and there would generally be a long line of fans waiting outside for the doors to open .", "most of them were wearing blue denim pants and jackets , so we started calling them the blue army .", "” the band ’ s anniversary ( in conjunction with pulse ’ s decennial ) was the touchstone for a recent call with hamilton .", "stand up : amazon .", "co . uk : music completing the set is a beautiful 96 page book which contains extensive writing on the history of the album and how it came to be .", "martin webb reflects on the writing , recording and touring of the album whilst ian anderson gives a track by track annotation of the album and associated recordings .", "alongside lyrics , there ’ s an interview with assistant engineer trevor white , relevant photos and imagery and a full recording and touring chronology .", "th : generally , playing at jones beach .", "it ’ s a really great audience .", "it ’ s a new york audience , but it ’ s a very funky , down - and - dirty aerosmith crowd .", "there are a lot of people up front who are into being glamorous and dressed up , but it ’ s usually a funky , rowdy gig .", "and those are my favorite kinds .", "i ’ m sure we ’ ll be playing there again in the future .", "nassau coliseum was the first place on long island that we played and that was always a really down - and - dirty show .", "some of the stuff that got thrown at us during the show and some of the stuff that was going on in the audience … a very rough - and - ready crowd .", "but it ’ s fun when the crowd is loose and ready to have a great time .", "a 2016 2cd / 1dvd ‘ elevated edition ’ of jethro tull ’ s brilliant 1969 sophomore release featuring stereo and 5 .", "1 mixes by steven wilson .", "aqualung ( 40th anniversary adapted edition ) by jethro tull audio cd £ 19 .", "48 songs from the wood ( the country set ) [ 40th anniversary edition ] by jethro tull audio cd £ 37 .", "15 one of anderson ’ s most memorable characters , bar none , this intriguing damsel made the song that bears her name an absolutely necessary inclusion in this list of the top 10 jethro tull songs .", "after all , the unmistakable ‘ cross - eyed mary ’ wasn ’ t just any other schoolgirl , innocently capturing ‘ aqualung ’ s ’ lecherous gaze in the park , but a precocious prostitute – the “ robin hood of highgate ” – who much preferred turning tricks instead of cartwheels .", "yes , it ’ s creepy , but still a great song .", "by 1971 , ian anderson had earned quite the reputation for constructing jethro tull songs around deeply allegorical , sometimes downright baffling lyrics , but he really outdid himself on the second - to - last song from that year ’ s seminal ‘ aqualung ’ lp , ‘ locomotive breath , ’ which allegedly describes its protagonist ’ s life , as it falls apart all around him .", "musically too , this tune covers the length and breadth of anderson ’ s songwriting talents , beginning with a bluesy john evan piano intro so discreet one can barely hear it at times , before crashing into some of the most bombastic hard rock display of the band ’ s career .", "whether or not you consider yourself a fan of jethro tull , no one can deny that ian anderson ’ s long - running musical institution has notched one of the most unique , inimitable and unmistakable discographies in the classic rock canon .", "a string of era - defining studio albums like aqualung and thick as a brick followed , as did arena - packing world tours , which , together , transformed jethro tull into one of the ’ 70s most consistently successful classic rock propositions , with help from further iconic releases like minstrel in the gallery and songs from the wood .", "and no amount of time or distance can diminish fans ’ fond feelings towards this great band ’ s distinctive body of work , which is precisely how we ’ re approaching the ranking of jethro tull ’ s studio lps , from worst to best .", "in any event , by 1968 that formula ( british bands earnestly mimicking american blues legends ) was pretty well played out , no matter how convincingly rendered .", "even cream ’ s debut sounds dated , particularly in comparison with their stunning follow - up disraeli gears .", "in other words , abrahams had hitched his axe to a locomotive that was going backwards ( where he contentedly rode it into semi - obscurity with bloodwyn pig ) , and it is understandable that ian anderson envisioned bigger and better — or at least more original — fields for tull to plow .", "tull ’ s initial musical approach was torn between mick abrahams ’ blues vision and ian anderson ’ s more unique approach .", "when abrahams left , his replacement martin barre became the key player in tull ’ s move towards a more progressive style .", "satriani : back in black might eventually wind up being the best - selling record of all time .", "it ’ s never slowed down .", "each generation keeps discovering how perfect it is , and its classic nature .", "there ’ s magic on that album .", "everyone thinks they can do it , but then they try and realize , “ wow , there ’ s a whole lot missing when i do this .", "” ( laughs ) there ’ s magic on all the ac / dc albums , and they ’ re fantastic live , but this particular record just has so much .", "no doubt it had something to do with those guys rallying their spirits after losing bon scott — feeling they had to do scott the honor of continuing , and doing it well .", "it ’ s not a deep record like electric ladyland or exile on main st . , where there ’ s all this music history is being reflected , and hendrix and the stones are drawing on their r & b roots .", "instead , it ’ s ac / dc saying , “ this is what we do , and we ’ re going to do it with pride .", "” * the original album ’ s iconic pop - up artwork designed by james grashow .", "enter martin barre , a young but game guitarist whose primary credentials were his lack of experience , which ensured anderson would never again compete with anyone for control of the band .", "it is , then , to anderson ’ s considerable credit that the resulting album — recorded less than one year later — represents a development that was , and remains , staggering .", "the dividends barre delivers are immediate , and well - represented throughout the recording .", "while one can detect the flute - driven energy of “ beggar ’ s farm ” in “ back to the family ” , the latter is less a jam and more a proper “ song ” .", "interestingly , both abrahams and barre , like every other guitarist in the mid - to - late ‘ 60s , were listening to a lot of clapton , and the first two tull albums are tributes of a sort to the first two cream albums .", "to be certain , barre is less interested in aping clapton ’ s riffs and although the blistering outro on “ back to the family ” is a bit of a nod to “ god ” , it possesses its own unrefined power .", "while barre ’ s playing is not as technically proficient , it ’ s debatable whether even clapton can match the emotional heft uncorked on “ we used to know ” , which is cold - finger , raw hangnail material .", "satriani : this is a beautiful record .", "it ’ s a real ‘ 70s album — big and relaxed — in terms of how it ’ s arranged and everything .", "there aren ’ t many records that give you so many listens , where you never get tired of it .", "you can play exile on main st . 10 , 000 times and never get sick of it .", "you can ’ t find albums like that one anymore , where the songs and the music keep giving and giving , over and over again .", "that ’ s the sign of a great album .", "while hardly a “ concept ” album , lyrically the album devotes a lot to anderson ’ s relationship with his parents ( a subject continued on “ benefit ” ) and coping with new found pop stardom .", "sign up for our newsletter to receive breaking news directly in your inbox .", "please enable javascript to sign up for the newsletter .", "th : i do have some nice artwork that my wife and i have accumulated over the years .", "one of the first things we bought was from some dealer on central park west .", "we were in our twenties and had no idea what we were doing .", "we were just referred to this guy by a friend , who said , “ they have a georgia o ’ keeffe .", "” so we have a little watercolor by georgia o ’ keeffe .", "with just a few gestures , she created something that when you first look at it , it seems abstract , but then you realize exactly what it is .", "it ’ s a picture of a woman bending down to pick up a flower .", "greg prato has lived almost his entire life on long island .", "he has written for rolling stone , and has penned many a book on either rock n ’ roll or sports .", "see what he ’ s up to on twitter @ gregpratowriter .", "pick up your parcel at a time and place that suits you .", "this is how you do a box set .", "superb packaging and material not available on the last issue .", "it goes without saying this is one of the five best albums of the 60s and , bar led zep , evolves the blues to a whole new level , not to mention usher in the ' prog rock ' scene of the 70s .", "it ' s a toss up between this and aqualung as their best lp but i would die to see the same treatment given to their most under - valued record , stormwatch .", "please ian !", "sign up for ultimate classic rock quickly by connecting your facebook account .", "it ' s just as secure and no password to remember !", "sign up for ultimate classic rock quickly by connecting your facebook account .", "it ' s just as secure and no password to remember !", "great set , the wilson remixes are , as always , incredible .", "hours of extras and a really nice booklet .", "highly recommended for any tull fan .", "the title track of tull ’ s first ep finds ian anderson at the peak of his poetic powers , contemplating life ’ s everyday joys and travails before concluding , bitter - sweetly , that “ the tune ends too soon for us all .", "” pretty heavy for a then 24 - year - old , but then anderson always acted wise beyond his years ( he often looked and dressed it , too ) .", "beyond that , ‘ life ’ s a long song ’ is also a top - shelf showcase for his agile and inventive acoustic guitar playing .", "the sinister words and melodies that introduce this early tull single not only contradicted its seemingly upbeat title but taught fans they would be wise to always expect the unexpected from anderson and his henchmen .", "and that they should expect boundless musical imagination , too , since ‘ sweet dream ’ requires barely four minutes to augment its catchy chorus with a fantastic , recurring classical score and galloping hard rock midsection that strikes out of the blue .", "combining folk , medieval music , hard rock , metal , blues , jazz and classical , tull ’ s albums have defied categorization almost from day one .", "yet , remarkably , they have sold millions of copies around the world – far more than one might expect for such unconventional music .", "as i & apos ; ve said , the album is not really funky ; rather , it is a meticulously crafted work ( no sterility implied ) which deserves careful listening .", "at a time when many of the established stars are faltering , it is a particular pleasure to hear an important new voice .", "then there are the familiar songs , some of which continue to get airplay on classic rock radio : “ bouree ” , the jazz - rock riff on bach ; “ nothing is easy ” , the flute - cake manifesto ; and the band ’ s first huge hit , “ living in the past ” ( not released on the original album , but included as a bonus track ) .", "“ a new day yesterday ” is an ideal opening statement , teasing with nods to the black - and - blues soundscape from ’ 68 , then exploding into technicolor as barre ’ s guitar solo bleeds into anderson ’ s frenetic and reverb - laden flute breakdown .", "finally , the jocular “ fat man ” , featuring both mandolin and balalaika , a first signal of the folk and eastern influences that would permeate the band ’ s mature work .", "there is still a blues sensibility driving most of this material , but anderson — who clearly had ability and creativity to burn — is already showing signs of developing the multi - faceted approach he would bring to each successive effort .", "1969 was not merely the conclusion of a decade , it was the end of a succession of eras .", "these include the british invasion and the aforementioned blues - by - numbers of those bands ( the beatles , the rolling stones , the animals , cream , even early led zeppelin ) , psychedelia , art - rock and the eventual , inevitable marriage of precision and pretension that brought us the dreaded “ concept album ” .", "by 1970 many of the bands that would become most closely associated with progressive rock ( or prog with a capital p ) , like king crimson , pink floyd , genesis , yes and elp , were already off the proverbial reservation , crafting side - long suites and noodling away in the manner that captivated listeners and confounded critics .", "on the band ' s third album , there is a constant search for a frequency that is thrilling and a commit . . . aerosmith is still all smiles after over four decades of rock ‘ n ’ roll .", "this year ’ s blue army tour celebrates the 40th anniversary of their seminal album toys in the attic .", "image : ross halfin ( joe satriani ’ s latest album is titled unstoppable momentum . )", "“ check out the new album ‘ the string quartets ’ – perfect for lazy , long sunny afternoons , crisp winter nights , weddings and funerals .", "” – ian anderson * original album and bonus tracks ( including a previously unreleased bouree ) mixed in 5 .", "1 surround and stereo by steven wilson .", "* a 112 - page booklet with an extensive history of the album , track - by - track annotations by ian anderson , and rare and unseen photographs .", "the first disc features steven wilson ’ s stereo mixes of the original album , four songs recorded at the bbc , single mixes for living in the past and driving song and more .", "includes free mp3 version of this album .", "buy the mp3 album for £ 7 .", "99 includes free mp3 version of this album .", "buy the mp3 album for £ 7 .", "99 at the amazon digital music store .", "my favourite , and in my humble opinion , the best jt album .", "well i have had this album since the original pink i label ( this i still have ) , then 8 track cartridge , next a cassette .", "then a dodgy 80 / 90 ' s cd .", "read more re - exploring all the stuff i loved as a teenager .", "i ' d forgotten how brilliant this album is .", "incredibly i sort of lost touch with jt thereafter but now know i must explore their . . . read more the first disc of the set contains the steven wilson remix of the original studio album , accompanied by associated recordings .", "this includes the tracks “ old aces die hard ” and “ working john , working joe ” which are being released here for the first time on any format .", "“ old aces die hard ” , a title ian anderson recently gave the track in a subtle nod to motörhead ’ s lemmy kilmister , is , according to ian “ an extraordinary find , because it ’ s a long piece , and quite evolved , and one that sounds like it is pretty much complete – it doesn ’ t sound as if it was waiting for me or anyone else in the band to go back and redo vocals or guitars or whatever .", "” dvd 1 contains 5 .", "1 dts , ac3 dolby digital stereo surround and 96 / 24 lpcm stereo versions of the original and steven wilson remixed album along with selected associated tracks , as well as various quad mixes and flat transfers .", "on the second side , \" we used to know \" employs what could be called a fade - in , beginning softly and then building in volume , with barre wah - wahing madly by the end .", "only \" reasons for waiting \" is slightly marred , there being a superfluous string section .", "we may use your e - mail address to send you the newsletter and offers that may interest you , on behalf of rolling stone and its partners .", "for more information please read our privacy policy ranked on a scale from 1 to 10 , the trending score reflects the number of users reading a story in real time .", "all 115 of taylor swift ' s songs , ranked by . . . taibbi : steve bannon splits from trump , . . . see gene simmons , ace frehley play together . . . there is still a blues sensibility driving most of this material , but anderson — who clearly had ability and creativity to burn — is already showing signs of developing the multi - faceted approach he would bring to each successive effort .", "there is also ample evidence of the first - rate lyricist anderson would quickly become .", "there have not been many 22 - year - olds in rock music history who could half - convincingly write songs like “ look into the sun ” , “ we used to know ” and especially “ reasons for waiting ” ( the best song you ’ ve never heard ) .", "these songs are a universe apart from anything on this was and provide early evidence of the incredibly warm and full sound anderson gets from his acoustic guitar .", "sean murphy has been publishing fiction , reviews ( music , movie , book , food ) , and essays on the technology industry for almost twenty years .", "during his time at popmatters he has written extensively about music , movies and books , and his column \" the amazing pudding \" celebrates all - things prog - rock .", "his memoir please talk about me when i ' m gone was published in 2013 ; his novel not to mention a nice life in 2015 . murphy is currently the writer - in - residence at the noepe center for literary arts on martha ’ s vineyard .", "visit him online at @ bullmurph and http : / / seanmurphy .", "net / .", "we all know how critical it is to keep independent voices alive and strong on the internet .", "please consider a donation to support our work .", "we are a wholly independent , women - owned , small company .", "your donation will help popmatters stay viable through these changing , challenging times where costs have risen and advertising has dropped precipitously .", "popmatters needs your help to keep publishing .", "thank you .", "please enable javascript to view the comments powered by disqus .", "built around a long , wholly - improvised concert performance , this solo piano recital from fred hersch . . . anticipation runs high and there ’ s a sense of history in the air as fans fill the famed mountain a . . . the horrors get their mojo back with songs to match the swagger . . . . their voices blend together well , especially on the title song .", "the roughness of stephen stills ’ l . . . randy newman puts together a variety show with comedy , tragedy , and romance ( and , yeah , some farce ) . . . . the elements represents joe henderson ’ s sole full immersion into the avant - garde , with help from a . . . \" on the elusive yet clearly existential sadness that adds layers and textures to music .", "e pluribus , plur .", "electric zoo 2017 embodies festival diversity ( photos ) deer tick ' s acoustic clusterfolk newport after party previews ' vol .", "1 ' © 1999 - 2017 popmatters .", "com .", "all rights reserved .", "popmatters is wholly independently owned and operated .", "tom hamilton has been playing with aerosmith for decades .", "the band has toured the globe too many times to count , but the down and dirty crowds on long island have a special place in his heart .", "image : jack whitford th : good .", "my doctor thought i was pretty much done with the cancer that i had in ’ 06 and then it came back a few years later .", "i was faced with losing my way of life … if not my life .", "but there ’ s a guy here in boston that adele referred to [ steven zeitels ] , who does novel surgeries and was able to do a procedure that got the cancer out of my throat without having to ruin the rest of it .", "i just saw him the other day and he said , “ you beat this one .", "you can keep coming to see me if you want , but i don ’ t think you need to worry about this cancer coming back .", "” i said , “ i ’ ll come back to see you every six months from here until eternity , if it ’ s alright with you !", "” th : we were in the depths , pretty much .", "we had just broken the band in half , basically .", "we ended our relationship with joe , he went off making records on his own and the rest of us went to look for a new guitar player .", "it was a period when the band was really stressed out from touring and being rich enough to buy a lot of drugs and spend a lot of money on stuff that was not about music .", "and we paid for it .", "in 1980 , here we are trying to put the remnants of our band together .", "it took four more years before everybody realized we had something great and we needed to put it back together .", "pulse : this is also pulse ’ s art & music issue .", "do you collect art ?", "subscribe to our newsletter to find out what ’ s going on before anyone else .", "don ' t worry about missing pulse ' s fresh content , we ' ll come to you !", "join our newsletter and always know what ' s happening .", "http : / / www .", "gibson .", "com / news - lifestyle / features / en - us / joe - satriani - on - his - five - essential - albums .", "aspx for nearly 30 years , joe satriani has reigned as one of contemporary music ’ s most admired and accomplished guitarists .", "his dazzling six - string work and compositional skills have garnered legions of followers , and indeed the current guitar landscape would look quite different if it weren ’ t for his pioneering ways .", "countless players would no doubt cite satriani ’ s albums as essential , but which albums does satriani himself hold in similar esteem ?", "below , the 56 - year - old guitar great answers that question , while offering details about why these albums are special to him .", "satriani : these two albums cover so much beautiful music — great guitar playing , innovative and groundbreaking stuff .", "on electric ladyland there ’ s a lot that ’ s very fresh and live - in - the - studio .", "and it ’ s just insane how great band of gypsys is , especially when you consider that “ machine gun ” is a live version of a song that had never been recorded in the studio .", "it ’ s just perfect .", "hendrix covers everything every guitar player works on today .", "he just laid it all down in a short time , in front of a live audience on a night over the course of two shows .", "and it was all done with a very simple setup .", "just astounding .", "rolling stones — exile on main st . please enable javascript to view the comments powered by disqus .", "recorded in the crypt of worcester cathedral , uk and in st kenelm ’ s church , sapperton , gloucestershire , uk .", "here you can listen to the latest tracks ian anderson is featured as a special guest on .", "his latest guest appearance was on “ angelo ribelle ” by omar pedrini , which is available to stream here .", "if you have a fondness or a passion for wildlife , or simply vague feelings of guilt about the plight of our many uk species of wild fauna , please consider helping with a donation to oak and furrows .", "we , the human species , have made life and reproduction difficult for our many indigenous animals through our creation of roads , railways and the encroachment of agriculture on the wild spaces of our countryside .", "as a result many animals are found injured or lost by members of the public each year .", "with the help of and redirection by local vets , oak and furrows receives , cares for , nurtures and releases back into safer habitats , hundreds of creatures every year .", "the centre with its small overworked team of dedicated professionals and volunteers relies on donations and the goodwill of you , the public .", "for more information please visit : http : / / www .", "oandf .", "co . uk i have worked recently with polyphony to raise funds through my recent concerts to support this valuable and very worthy cause .", "polyphony brings together young students of classical music from within the very different cultural , religious and ethnic backgrounds of israeli jews and arabs .", "showing cooperation and team spirit between communities in this way through both artistic endeavour and cultural mutual respect surely has to be a great example to young and old – whether in israel or far - flung diasporas .", "if you wish to help encourage this non - political , not - for - profit organisation please read all about their work at http : / / polyphonyfoundation .", "org your help will provide hope for a young generation in allowing them to demonstrate the values of living and working together in peaceful harmony .", "join me , ian anderson , in giving your support now to the polyphony foundation .", "a most worthy cause and an important cog in the wheels which grind all - too - slowly towards peace in the middle east .", "copyright © 2017 - ian anderson group of companies and others .", "the entire content of this site is protected by applicable copyright law .", "all rights reserved .", "* 96 / 24 flat transfer of the original stereo master tapes , and the original mono and stereo mixes of living in the past and driving song .", "* video of the band performing two songs live in january 1969 .", "* presented in the ‘ book set ’ format of the recent jt reissues .", "the dvd includes concert footage of the band performing to be sad is a mad way to be and back to the family .", "copyright © 2017 - ian anderson group of companies and others .", "the entire content of this site is protected by applicable copyright law .", "all rights reserved .", "amazon music unlimited subscribers can play 40 million songs , thousands of playlists and ad - free stations including new releases .", "learn more your amazon music account is currently associated with a different marketplace .", "to enjoy prime music , go to your music library and transfer your account to amazon .", "co . uk ( uk ) .", "comment : buy with confidence from a huge uk seller , all items despatched next day directly from the uk .", "all items are quality guaranteed .", "price : £ 5 .", "99 & free uk delivery on orders dispatched by amazon over £ 20 . delivery details autorip is available only for eligible cds and vinyl sold by amazon eu sarl ( but does not apply to gift orders or primenow orders ) .", "see terms and conditions for full details , including costs which may apply for the mp3 version in case of order returns or cancellations .", "only 4 left in stock ( more on the way ) .", "dispatched from and sold by amazon .", "gift - 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provoking prose , at once arcane and / or just plain abstruse , and his adoption of the flute as a lead instrument .", "it appears that you already have an account created within our vip network of sites on .", "to keep your personal information safe , we need to verify that it ' s really you .", "to activate your account , please confirm your password .", "when you have confirmed your password , you will be able to log in through facebook on both sites .", "it appears that you already have an account on this site associated with .", "to connect your existing account just click on the account activation button below .", "you will maintain your existing vip profile .", "after you do this , you will be able to always log in to http : / / ultimateclassicrock .", "com using your original account information .", "please fill out the information below to help us provide you a better experience .", "song * please enter a song name .", "artist ( optional ) your name * please enter your name .", "your email * please enter your email .", "thank you for your request .", "your email address will not be published .", "required fields are marked * \" error 403 : your ip is being rate limited by twitter . \"", "— thebentunit dvd components featuring a live concert , hd audio and 5 .", "1 mixes on may 19th 2017 , parlophone records will be releasing the long awaited “ country set ” , the deluxe version of songs from the wood .", "cds 2 and 3 in the box form 22 track live tracks , recorded on the songs from the wood tour across two dates , boston garden , boston , massachusetts , usa on 6th december 1977 and capital centre , landover , maryland , usa on 21st november 1977 . these tracks have been reconstructed as a complete set and then remixed to stereo by jakko jakszyk and are completely unheard .", "the final disc in the package is the video footage taken live at the capital centre , landover , maryland on 21st november 1977 mixed to 16 / 48 stereo lpcm and 5 .", "1 dts , ac3 dolby digital surround by jakko jakszyk .", "this footage has never been publicly seen before .", "the concert venue was the home for washington wizards basketball team , then known as washington bullets – so the video footage comes directly from the film that was played to the big screens in the venue during the show and has since been seen nowhere else .", "vinyl , digital , and breakout standalone cd versions of the steven wilson remix will follow in july .", "flat transfer of original quad masterdts / dd 4 .", "0 surround copyright © 2017 - ian anderson group of companies and others .", "the entire content of this site is protected by applicable copyright law .", "all rights reserved .", "<EOS>" ]

[ [ "critical reception", "stand up received mixed reviews upon its release , but more recent evaluations praised the album as a whole , for the production and musicianship . the 1969 rolling stone review was quite positive , stating that the album \" has a fairly low raunch quotient , true to form , but it is quite marvelous \" and also that \" the album is not really funky ; rather , it is a meticulously crafted work ( no sterility implied ) which deserves careful listening . at a time when many of the established stars are faltering , it is a particular pleasure to hear an important new voice . \" the contemporary disc and music echo review was less favourable ; it considered the expensive cover the \" most impressive \" part of the album and jethro tull a good live band but still incapable of producing a \" musically interesting \" release . american critic robert christgau reiterated his dislike of the band , but judged the album \" adequate \" in his village voice review . a retrospective allmusic review was positive , saying that the band had \" solidified their sound \" with the album , bringing an \" english folk music \" influence to several of the songs , atop an overall blues rock foundation . sean murphy of popmatters more emphatically wrote that stand up was a \" meaningful document from what turned out to be a very transitional moment in rock history . . . a document created in a rapidly closing artistic window , pre - prog but post - british blues and psychedelic rock . \" he praised the musicianship of the players and remarked the first examples of \" the first - rate lyricist anderson would quickly become . \" the record collector review highlights how \" the album captured the band on a vertiginous upswing , jubilant with confidence following the drafting in of guitarist martin barre \" and contained \" a fresh batch of diverse but uniformly strong compositions \" ." ], [ "recording", "the band began recording the album on 17 april 1969 , starting with \" a new day yesterday \" . they recorded \" back to the family \" and \" fat man \" on 21 april , \" jeffrey goes to leicester square \" on 22 april , \" nothing is easy \" and \" bourée ( alternate version ) \" on 23 april , \" bourée \" along with \" early in the morning ( unfinished backing track ) \" on 24 april , \" reasons for waiting \" on 26 april , \" for a thousand mothers \" and \" we used to know \" along with \" play in time ( backing track ) \" on 1 may and finally , \" look into the sun \" on 21 may . all of the songs were recorded at morgan studios in north london , but \" bourée \" was recorded at olympic studios in south london because morgan studios was already booked for 24 april . the general routine was that the band would arrive at the studio at 9 am to work on one or two songs which would be finished by 4 or 5 pm . recording engineer andy johns tried some new techniques ; for example on \" a new day yesterday \" he achieved a swirling , stereo - shifting guitar effect by swinging an expensive neumann u67 microphone on its cable in wide circles around the studio . the song \" bourée \" proved the most difficult session , with anderson and the band unsatisfied with any of the takes they recorded . the final version was compiled later from several takes , with more touches added by anderson ." ] ]

[ "< EOT > it is true in this sense , humanly speaking , that the world owes god to the jews .", "it owes that truth to much that is blamed on the jews , possibly to much that is blameable in the jews .", "we have already noted the nomadic position of the jews amid the other pastoral peoples upon the fringe of the babylonian empire , and something of that strange erratic course of theirs blazed across the dark territory of extreme antiquity , as they passed from the seat of abraham and the shepherd princes into egypt and doubled back into the palestinian hills and held them against the philistines from crete and fell into captivity in babylon ; and yet again returned to their mountain city by the zionist policy of the persian conquerors ; and so continued that amazing romance of restlessness of which we have not yet seen the end .", "but through all their wanderings , and especially through all their early wanderings , they did indeed carry the fate of the world in that wooden tabernacle , that held perhaps a featureless symbol and certainly an invisible god .", "we may say that one most essential feature was that it was featureless .", "much as we may prefer that creative liberty which the christian culture has declared and by which it has eclipsed even the arts of antiquity , we must not underrate the determining importance at the time of the hebrew inhibition of images .", "it is a typical example of one of those limitations that did in fact preserve and perpetuate enlargement , like a wall built round a wide open space .", "the god who could not have a statue remained a spirit .", "nor would his statue in any case have had the disarming dignity and grace of the greek statues then or the christian statues afterwards .", "he was living in a land of monsters .", "we shall have occasion to consider more fully what those monsters were , moloch and dagon and tanit the terrible goddess .", "if the deity of israel had ever had an image , he would have had a phallic image .", "by merely giving him a body they would have brought in all the worst elements of mythology ; all the polygamy of polytheism ; the vision of the harem in heaven .", "this point about the refusal of art is the first example of the limitations which are often adversely criticised , only because the critics themselves are limited .", "but an even stronger case can be found in the other criticism offered by the same critics .", "it is often said with a sneer that the god of israel was only a god of battles , ' a mere barbaric lord of hosts ' pitted in rivalry against other gods only as their envious foe .", "well it is for the world that he was a god of battles .", "well it is for us that he was to all the rest only a rival and a foe .", "in the ordinary way , it would have been only too easy for them to have achieved the desolate disaster of conceiving him as a friend .", "it would have been only too easy for them to have seen him stretching out his hands in love and reconciliation , embracing baal and kissing the painted face of astarte , feasting in fellowship with the gods ; the last god to sell his crown of stars for the soma of the indian pantheon or the nectar of olympus or the mead of valhalla .", "it would have been easy enough for his worshippers to follow the enlightened course of syncretism and the pooling of all the pagan traditions .", "it is obvious indeed that his followers were always sliding down this easy slope ; and it required the almost demoniac energy of certain inspired demagogues , who testified to the divine unity in words that are still like winds of inspiration and ruin .", "the more we really understand of the ancient conditions that contributed to the final culture of the faith , the more we shall have a real and even a realistic reverence for the greatness of the prophets of israel .", "as it was , while the whole world melted into this mass of confused mythology , this deity who is called tribal and narrow , precisely because he was what is called tribal and narrow , preserved the primary religion of all mankind .", "he was tribal enough to be universal .", "he was as narrow as the universe .", "in a word , there was a popular pagan god called jupiter - ammon .", "there was never a god called jehovah - ammon .", "there was never a god called jehovah - jupiter .", "if there had been , there would certainly have been another called jehovah - moloch .", "long before the liberal and enlightened amalgamators had got so far afield as jupiter , the image of the lord of hosts would have been deformed out of all suggestion of a monotheistic maker and ruler and would have become an idol far worse than any savage fetish ; for he might have been as civilised as the gods of tyre and carthage .", "what that civilisation meant we shall consider more fully in the chapter that follows ; when we note how the power of demons nearly destroyed europe and even the heathen health of the world .", "but the world ' s destiny would have been distorted still more fatally if monotheism had failed in the mosaic tradition .", "i hope in a subsequent section to show that i am not without sympathy with all that health in the heathen world that made its fairy - tales and its fanciful romances of religion .", "but i hope also to show that these were bound to fail in the long run ; and the world would have been lost if it had been unable to return to that great original simplicity of a single authority in all things .", "that we do preserve something of that primary simplicity that poets and philosophers can still indeed in some sense say an universal prayer , that we live in a large and serene world under a sky that stretches paternally over all the peoples of the earth , that philosophy and philanthropy are truisms in a religion of reasonable men , all that we do most truly owe , under heaven , to a secretive and restless nomadic people ; who bestowed on men the supreme and serene blessing of a jealous god .", "i suspect an immense implication behind all polytheism and paganism .", "i suspect we have only a hint of it here and there in these savage creeds or greek origins .", "it is not exactly what we mean by the presence of god ; in a sense it might more truly be called the absence of god .", "but absence does not mean non - existence ; and a man drinking the toast of absent friends does not mean that from his life all friendship is absent .", "it is a void but it is not a negation ; it is some thing as positive as an empty chair .", "it would be an exaggeration to say that the pagan saw higher than olympus an empty throne .", "it would be nearer the truth to take the gigantic imagery of the old testament , in which the prophet saw god from behind ; it was as if some immeasurable presence had turned its back on the world .", "yet the meaning will again be missed , if it is supposed to be anything so conscious and vivid as the monotheism of moses and his people .", "i do not mean that the pagan peoples were in the least overpowered by this idea merely because it is overpowering .", "on the contrary , it was so large that they all carried it lightly , as we all carry the load of the sky .", "gazing at some detail like a bird or a cloud , we can all ignore its awful blue background ; we can neglect the sky ; and precisely because it bears down upon us with an annihilating force it is felt as nothing .", "a thing of this kind can only be an impressing and a rather subtle impression ; but to me it is a very strong impression made by pagan literature and religion .", "i repeat that in our special sacramental sense there is , of course , the absence of the presence of god .", "but there is in a very real sense the presence of the absence of god .", "we feel it in the unfathomable sadness of pagan poetry ; for i doubt if there was ever in all the marvellous manhood of antiquity a man who was happy as st . francis was happy .", "we feel it in the legend of a golden age and again in the vague implication that the gods themselves are ultimately related to something else , even when that unknown god has faded into a fate .", "above all we feel it in those immortal moments when the pagan literature seems to return to a more innocent antiquity and speak with a more direct voice , so that no word is worthy of it except our own monotheistic monosyllable .", "we cannot say anything but ' god ' in a sentence like that of socrates bidding farewell to his judges : ' i go to die and you remain to live ; and god alone knows which of us goes the better way . '", "we can use no other word even for the best moments of marcus aurelius : ' can they say dear city of cecrops , and canst thou not say dear city of god ? '", "we can use no other word in that mighty line in which virgil spoke to all who suffer with the veritable cry of a christian before christ : ' o you that have borne things more terrible , to this also god shall give an end . '", "this is the mighty and branching tree called mythology which ramifies round the whole world , whose remote branches under separate skies bear like coloured birds the costly idols of asia and the half - baked fetishes of africa and the fairy kings and princesses of the folk - tales of the forest , and buried amid vines and olives the lares of the latins , and carried on the clouds of olympus the buoyant supremacy of the gods of greece .", "these are the myths : and he who has no sympathy with myths has no sympathy with men .", "but he who has most sympathy with myths will most fully realise that they are not and never were a religion , in the sense that christianity or even islam is a religion .", "they satisfy some of the needs satisfied by a religion ; and notably the need for doing certain things at certain dates ; the need of the twin ideas of festivity and formality .", "but though they provide a man with a calendar they do not provide him with a creed .", "a man did not stand up and say ' i believe in jupiter and juno and neptune , ' etc . , as he stands up and says ' i believe in god the father almighty , ' and the rest of the apostles creed .", "many believed in some and not in others , or more in some and less in others , or only in a very vague poetical sense in any .", "there was no moment when they were all collected into an orthodox order which men would fight and be tortured to keep intact .", "still less did anybody ever say in that fashion : ' i believe in odin and thor and freya , ' for outside olympus even the olympian order grows cloudy and chaotic .", "it seems clear to me that thor was not a god at all but a hero .", "nothing resembling a religion would picture anybody resembling a god as groping like a pigmy in a great cavern , that turned out to be the glove of a giant .", "that is the glorious ignorance called adventure thor may have been a great adventurer ; but to call him a god is like trying to compare jehovah with jack and the beanstalk .", "odin seems to have been a real barbarian chief , possibly of the dark ages after christianity .", "polytheism fades away at its fringes into fairy - tales or barbaric memories ; it is not a thing like monotheism as held by serious monotheists .", "again it does satisfy the need to cry out on some uplifted name or some noble memory in moments that are themselves noble and uplifted ; such as the birth of a child or the saving of a city .", "but the name was so used by many to whom it was only a name .", "finally it did satisfy , or rather it partially satisfied , a thing very deep in humanity indeed ; the idea of surrendering something as the portion of the unknown powers ; of pouring of wine upon the ground , of throwing a ring into the sea ; in a word , of sacrifice .", "it is the wise and worthy idea of not taking our advantage to the full ; of putting something in the other balance to ballast our dubious pride , of paying tithes to nature for our land .", "this deep truth of the danger of insolence , or being too big for our boots , runs through all the great greek tragedies and makes them great .", "but it runs side by side with an almost cryptic agnosticism about the real nature of the gods to be propitiated .", "where that gesture of surrender is most magnificent , as among the great greeks , there is really much more idea that the man will be the better for losing the ox than that the god will be the better for getting it .", "it is said that in its grosser forms there are often actions grotesquely suggestive of the god really eating the sacrifice .", "but this fact is falsified by the error that i put first in this note on mythology .", "it is misunderstanding the psychology of day - dreams .", "a child pretending there is a goblin in a hollow tree will do a crude and material thing , like leaving a piece of cake for him .", "a poet might do a more dignified and elegant thing , like bringing to the god fruits as well as flowers .", "but the degree of seriousness in both acts may be the same or it may vary in almost any degree .", "the crude fancy is no more a creed than the ideal fancy is a creed .", "certainly the pagan does not disbelieve like an atheist , any more than he believes like a christian .", "he feels the presence of powers about which he guesses and invents .", "st . paul said that the greeks had one altar to an unknown god .", "but in truth all their gods were unknown gods .", "and the real break in history did come when st . paul declared to them whom they had ignorantly worshipped .", "one of my first journalistic adventures , or misadventures , concerned a comment on grant allen , who had written a book about the evolution of the idea of god .", "i happened to remark that it would be much more interesting if god wrote a book about the evolution of the idea of grant allen .", "and i remember that the editor objected to my remark on the ground that it was blasphemous ; which naturally amused me not a little .", "for the joke of it was , of course , that it never occurred to him to notice the title of the book itself , which really was blasphemous ; for it was , when translated into english , ' i will show you how this nonsensical notion that there is god grew up among men . '", "my remark was strictly pious and proper confessing the divine purpose even in its most seemingly dark or meaningless manifestations .", "in that hour i learned many things , including the fact that there is something purely acoustic in much of that agnostic sort of reverence .", "the editor had not seen the point , because in the title of the book the long word came at the beginning and the short word at the end ; whereas in my comments the short word came at the beginning and gave him a sort of shock .", "i have noticed that if you put a word like god into the same sentence with a word like dog , these abrupt and angular words affect people like pistol - shots .", "whether you say that god made the dog or the dog made god does not seem to matter ; that is only one of the sterile disputations of the too subtle theologians .", "but so long as you begin with a long word like evolution the rest will roll harmlessly past ; very probably the editor had not read the whole of the title , for it is rather a long title and he was rather a busy man .", "there too were the priests of that pure and original truth that was behind all the mythologies like the sky behind the clouds .", "it was the most important truth in the world ; and even that could not save the world .", "perhaps there is something overpowering in pure personal theism ; like seeing the sun and moon and sky come together to form one staring face .", "perhaps the truth is too tremendous when not broken by some intermediaries divine or human ; perhaps it is merely too pure and far away .", "anyhow it could not save the world ; it could not even conquer the world .", "there were philosophers who held it in its highest and noblest form ; but they not only could not convert the world , but they never tried .", "you could no more fight the jungle of popular mythology with a private opinion than you could clear away a forest with a pocket - knife .", "the jewish priests had guarded it jealously in the good and the bad sense .", "they had kept it as a gigantic secret .", "as savage heroes might have kept the sun in a box , they kept the everlasting in the tabernacle .", "they were proud that they alone could look upon the blinding sun of a single deity ; and they did not know that they had themselves gone blind .", "since that day their representatives have been like blind men in broad daylight , striking to right and left with their staffs , and cursing the darkness .", "but there has been that in their monumental monotheism that it has at least remained like a monument , the last thing of its kind , and in a sense motionless in the more restless world which it cannot satisfy .", "for it is certain that for some reason it cannot satisfy .", "since that day it has never been quite enough to say that god is in his heaven and all is right with the world , since the rumour that god had left his heavens to set it right .", "the ancient religion of italy was on the whole that mixture which we have considered under the head of mythology ; save that where the greeks had a natural turn for the mythology , the latins seem to have had a real turn for religion .", "both multiplied gods , yet they sometimes seem to have multiplied them for almost opposite reasons .", "it would seem sometimes as if the greek polytheism branched and blossomed upwards like the boughs of a tree , while the italian polytheism ramified downward like the roots .", "perhaps it would be truer to say that the former branches lifted themselves lightly , bearing flowers ; while the latter hung down , being heavy with fruit .", "i mean that the latins seem to multiply gods to bring them nearer to men , while the greek gods rose and radiated outwards into the morning sky .", "what strikes us in the italian cults is their local and especially their domestic character .", "we gain the impression of divinities swarming about the house like flies ; of deities clustering and clinging like bats about the pillars or building like birds under the eaves .", "we have a vision of a god of roofs and a god of gate - posts , of a god of doors and even a god of drains .", "it has been suggested that all mythology was a sort of fairy - tale ; but this was a particular sort of fairy - tale which may truly be called a fireside tale , or a nursery - tale ; because it was a tale of the interior of the home ; like those which make chairs and tables talk like elves .", "the old household gods of the italian peasants seem to have been great , clumsy .", "wooden images , more featureless than the figure - head which quilp battered with the poker .", "this religion of the home was very homely .", "of course there were other less human elements in the tangle of italian mythology .", "there were greek deities superimposed on the roman ; there were here and there uglier things underneath , experiments in the cruel kind of paganism , like the arician rite of the priest slaying the slayer .", "but these things were always potential in paganism ; they are certainly not the peculiar character of latin paganism .", "the peculiarity of that may be roughly covered by saying that if mythology personified the forces of nature , this mythology personified nature as transformed by the forces of man .", "it was the god of the corn and not of the grass , of the cattle and not the wild things of the forest ; in short the cult was literally a culture ; as when we speak of it as agriculture .", "but there was something that did not end .", "there had arisen in that hour of history , defiant above the democratic tumult of the councils of the church , athanasius against the world .", "we may pause upon the point at issue ; because it is relevant to the whole of this religious history , and the modern world seems to miss the whole point of it .", "we might put it this way .", "if there is one question which the enlightened and liberal have the habit of deriding and holding up as a dreadful example of barren dogma and senseless sectarian strife , it is this athanasian question of the co - eternity of the divine son .", "on the other hand , if there is one thing that the same liberals always offer us as a piece of pure and simple christianity , untroubled by doctrinal disputes , it is the single sentence , ' god is love . '", "yet the two statements are almost identical ; at least one is very nearly nonsense without the other .", "the barren dogma is only the logical way of stating the beautiful sentiment .", "for if there be a being without beginning , existing before all things , was he loving when there was nothing to be loved ?", "if through that unthinkable eternity he is lonely , what is the meaning of saying he is love ?", "the only justification of such a mystery is the mystical conception that in his own nature there was something analogous to self - expression ; something of what begets and beholds what it has begotten .", "without some such idea , it is really illogical to complicate the ultimate essence of deity with an idea like love .", "if the moderns really want a simple religion of love , they must look for it in the athanasian creed .", "the truth is that the trumpet of true christianity , the challenge of the charities and simplicities of bethlehem or christmas day never rang out more arrestingly and unmistakably than in the defiance of athanasius to the cold compromise of the arians .", "it was emphatically he who really was fighting for a god of love against a god of colourless and remote cosmic control ; the god of the stoics and the agnostics .", "it was emphatically he who was fighting for the holy child against the grey deity of the pharisees and the sadducees .", "he was fighting for that very balance of beautiful interdependence and intimacy , in the very trinity of the divine nature , that draws our hearts to the trinity of the holy family .", "his dogma , if the phrase be not misunderstood , turns even god into a holy family .", "but if a man has got into a mood in which he is not able to feel this sort of wonder , then his cure must begin right at the other end .", "we must now suppose that he has drifted into a dull mood , in which somebody sitting on a horse means no more than somebody sitting on a chair .", "the wonder of which wyndham spoke , the beauty that made the thing seem an equestrian statue , the meaning of the more chivalric horseman , may have become to him merely a convention and a bore .", "perhaps they have been merely a fashion ; perhaps they have gone out of fashion ; perhaps they have been talked about too much or talked about in the wrong way ; perhaps it was then difficult to care for horses without the horrible risk of being horsy .", "anyhow , he has got into a condition when he cares no more for a horse than for a towel - horse .", "his grandfather ' s charge at balaclava seems to him as dull and dusty as the album containing such family portraits .", "such a person has not really become enlightened about the album ; on the contrary , he has only become blind with the dust .", "but when he has reached that degree of blindness , he will not be able to look at a horse or a horseman at all until he has seen the whole thing as a thing entirely unfamiliar and almost unearthly .", "the group that began life as the band once again known as thin lizzy but without phil lynott is now , thankfully , rolling up their sleeves and doing it the hard way : forging ahead and making new music .", "this album sounds like it could have been made anywhere from about 1983 through 1989 , but no one for whom music like this — hook - forward , arena - scaled , cheese - oblivious hard rock — holds any appeal is going to care about its \" relevance . \"", "this album completely , wholeheartedly rocks .", "the riders pay homage to lizzy , yes , but really they ' re just honoring the tough - guy songwriting tradition in general ; there ' s just as much bon jovi in here , and that ' s fine by me .", "fantastic songs — well , on the first half of the album , at least — and a frontman , ricky warwick , who ' s easy to believe and root for .", "j . read is like a gigantic mutant rat that leaps out of the darkness , chomps on your leg and refuses to unclench its jaws as you flail about in agony .", "the man is a driven psychopath behind the drums and one of metal ' s truest , most original underground voices .", "on days when i lose faith in the idea of metal , grow weary with its self - straitjacketing conventions , i can still reach for a revenge album — and specifically this , which is easily the band ' s most compelling record to date — and feel something .", "pure , seething soul and fire , and the deft commingling of chaos and precision .", "just when you think this album is a total blastbeat blur , it snaps back into focus with a skull - rattling rawk breakdown or cave - prog precision attack .", "if you want to know my \" metal album of the year , \" it ' s a tie between this and ygg huur — despite what my ballot says below ; again , feelings change and evolve , which is why polls are just arbitrary snapshots in time — albums that represent two very different extremes of \" extreme metal \" that actually feel , you know , extreme .", "further thoughts here .", "labels : best albums 2015 , bill laswell , blind idiot god , henry threadgill , j . read , jack dejohnette , krallice , laddio bolocko , mary halvorson , milford graves , revenge , sheer mag , stanley cowell , the bad plus the life of the great civilisation went on with dreary industry and even with dreary festivity .", "it was the end of the world , and the worst of it was that it need never end .", "a convenient compromise had been made between all the multitudinous myths and religions of the empire ; that each group should worship freely and merely live a sort of official flourish of thanks to the tolerant emperor , by tossing a little incense to him under his official title of divus .", "naturally there was no difficulty about that ; or rather it was a long time before the world realised that there ever had been even a trivial difficulty anywhere .", "the members of some eastern sect or secret society or other seemed to have made a scene somewhere ; nobody could imagine why .", "the incident occurred once or twice again and began to arouse irritation out of proportion to its insignificance .", "it was not exactly what these provincials said ; though of course it sounded queer enough .", "they seemed to be saying that god was dead and that they themselves had seen him die .", "this might be one of the many manias produced by the despair of the age ; only they did not seem particularly despairing .", "they seem quite unnaturally joyful about it , and gave the reason that the death of god had allowed them to eat him and drink his blood .", "according to other accounts god was not exactly dead after all ; there trailed through the bewildered imagination some sort of fantastic procession of the funeral of god , at which the sun turned black , but which ended with the dead omnipotence breaking out of the tomb and rising again like the sun .", "but it was not the strange story to which anybody paid any particular attention ; people in that world had seen queer religions enough to fill a madhouse .", "it was something in the tone of the madmen and their type of formation .", "they were a scratch company of barbarians and slaves and poor and unimportant people ; but their formation was military ; they moved together and were very absolute about who and what was really a part of their little system ; and about what they said .", "however mildly , there was a ring like iron .", "men used to many mythologies and moralities could make no analysis of the mystery , except the curious conjecture that they meant what they said .", "all attempts to make them see reason in the perfectly simple matter of the emperor ' s statue seemed to be spoken to deaf men .", "it was as if a new meteoric metal had fallen on the earth ; it was a difference of substance to the touch .", "those who touched their foundation fancied they had struck a rock .", "but it is true in twenty other matters .", "anybody who believes at all in god must believe in the absolute supremacy of god .", "but in so far as that supremacy does allow of any degrees that can be called liberal or illiberal , it is self - evident that the illiberal power is the deity of the rationalists and the liberal power is the deity of the dogmatists .", "exactly in proportion as you turn monotheism into monism you turn it into despotism .", "it is precisely the unknown god of the scientist , with his impenetrable purpose and his inevitable and unalterable law , that reminds us of a prussian autocrat making rigid plans in a remote tent and moving mankind like machinery .", "it is precisely the god of miracles and of answered prayers who reminds us of a liberal and popular prince , receiving petitions , listening to parliaments and considering the cases of a whole people .", "i am not now arguing the rationality of this conception in other respects ; as a matter of fact it is not , as some suppose , irrational ; for there is nothing irrational in the wisest and most well - informed king acting differently according to the action of those he wishes to save .", "but i am here only noting the general nature of liberality , or of free or enlarged atmosphere of action .", "and in this respect it is certain that the king can only be what we call magnanimous if he is what some call capricious .", "it is the catholic , who has the feeling that his prayers do make a difference , when offered for the living and the dead , who also has the feeling of living like a free citizen in something almost like a constitutional commonwealth .", "it is the monist who lives under a single iron law who must have the feeling of living like a slave under a sultan .", "indeed i believe that the original use of the word suffragium , which we now use in politics for a vote , was that employed in theology about a prayer .", "the dead in purgatory were said to have the suffrages of the living .", "and in this sense , of a sort of right of petition to the supreme ruler , we may truly say that the whole of the communion of saints , as well as the whole of the church militant , is founded on universal suffrage .", "over some of the most immense and populous tracts of the world such as china , it would seem that the simpler idea of the great father has never been very much complicated with rival cults , though it may have in some sense ceased to be a cult itself .", "the best authorities seem to think that though confucianism is in one sense agnosticism , it does not directly contradict the old theism , precisely because it has become a rather vague theism .", "it is one in which god is called heaven , as in the case of polite persons tempted to swear in drawing - rooms .", "but heaven is still overhead , even if it is very far overhead .", "we have all the impression of a simple truth that has receded , until it was remote without ceasing to be true .", "and this phrase alone would bring us back to the same idea even in the pagan mythology of the west .", "there is surely something of this very notion of the withdrawal of some higher power , in all those mysterious and very imaginative myths about the separation of earth and sky .", "in a hundred forms we are told that heaven and earth were once lovers , or were once at one , when some upstart thing , often some undutiful child , thrust them apart ; and the world was built on an abyss ; upon a division and a parting .", "one of its grossest versions was given by greek civilisation in the myth of uranus and saturn .", "one of its most charming versions was that of some savage niggers , who say that a little pepper - plant grew taller and taller and lifted the whole sky like a lid ; a beautiful barbaric vision of daybreak for some of our painters who love that tropical twilight .", "of myths , and the highly mythical explanations which the moderns offer of myths , something will be said in another section ; for i cannot but think that most mythology is on another and more superficial plane .", "but in this primeval vision of the rending of one world into two there is surely something more of ultimate ideas .", "as to what it means , a man will learn far more about it by lying on his back in a field , and merely looking at the sky , than by reading all the libraries even of the most learned and valuable folklore .", "he will know what is meant by saying that the sky ought to be nearer to us than it is , that perhaps it was once nearer than it is , that it is not a thing merely alien and abysmal but in some fashion sundered from us and saying farewell .", "there will creep across his mind the curious suggestion that after all , perhaps , the myth - maker was not merely a moon - calf or village idiot thinking he could cut up the clouds like a cake , but had in him something more than it is fashionable to attribute to the troglodyte ; that it is just possible that thomas hood was not talking like a troglodyte when he said that , as time went on , the tree - tops only told him he was further off from heaven than when he was a boy .", "but anyhow the legend of uranus the lord of heaven dethroned by saturn the time spirit would mean something to the author of that poem .", "and it would mean , among other things , this banishment of the first fatherhood .", "there is the idea of god in the very notion that there were gods before the gods .", "there is an idea of greater simplicity in all the allusions to that more ancient order .", "the suggestion is supported by the process of propagation we see in historic times .", "gods and demigods and heroes breed like herrings before our very eyes and suggest of themselves that the family may have had one founder ; mythology grows more and more complicated , and the very complication suggests that at the beginning it was more simple .", "even on the external evidence , of the sort called scientific , there is therefore a very good case for the suggestion that man began with monotheism before it developed or degenerated into polytheism .", "but i am concerned rather with an internal than an external truth ; and , as i have already said , the internal truth is almost indescribable .", "we have to speak of something of which it is the whole point that people did not speak of it ; we have not merely to translate from a strange tongue or speech , but from a strange silence .", "bust - a - move 4 ( the english localization of puzzle bobble 4 ) is full of endearingly awful \" blind idiot \" translation , particularly in the story mode dialogue .", "for that matter , the \" standard \" translation for the pokemon games is an example too . \"", "play rough \" ( by itself an example of \" blind idiot \" translation ) is translated as \" carantoña \" ( caress or flattery ) , \" close combat \" is translated as \" a bocajarro \" ( point blank ) and it repeats with a lot of attacks and abilities .", "one of the worst offenders is bullet seed that on translation becomes . . . \" recurrente \" ( recurrent ) . \"", "poison heal \" is translated as \" antidoto \" ( antidote ) when the ability does nothing that could even be classified as such , \" healer \" is translated as \" alma cura \" ( heal soul ? )", "for some reason , and \" moxie \" is translated as \" autoestima \" ( self - esteem ) .", "all of this wouldn ' t be a problem if the translators made an effort to make the game more accessible to people outside of spain and stopped using jokes , memes and regionalisms that can only be understood by people of spain , but it appears that they don ' t care , as the pokemon sun and moon translation doubles down in the usage of regionalisms and spain memes .", "it is also inconsistent on what language to use as source of translations - for example , \" escaldar \" ( scald matches the english translation ) , whereas \" herbívoro \" ( sap sipper ) matches the japanese name .", "to be fair to namco bandai ?", "aksys gl hadn ' t even been operational for a year yet , so their horrendous blind idiot translation record hadn ' t been established yet .", "final fantasy ix lost some of its callbacks to previous games through \" blind idiot \" translation .", "mount gulug was supposed to be mount gulg , referencing gurgu volcano from the first game .", "mog ' s true identity , madeen was supposed to be maduin ( both are romanized and pronounced the same ) , referencing the esper from final fantasy vi , and her attack , \" terra homing \" , was supposed to be \" terraforming \" .", "other gems include \" maliris \" instead of \" marilith \" ( the proper name of the fiend known as \" kary \" in early translations of the first game ) and \" rally - ho ! \"", "instead of \" lali - ho ! \"", "( \" lali - ho ! \"", "being the cry of the dwarves in final fantasy iv ) .", "freya ' s long - lost love , sir fratley , was possibly meant to be flatley , a reference to michael flatley , an irish - american step dancer and actor .", "the popular song airman ga taosenai translates as \" i can ' t beat airman . \"", "unforunately , thanks to a blind idiot translation , many youtubers vehemently insist that it ' s \" airman will not be defeated . \"", "the reason is that \" taosenai \" is , in this case , clearly meant to be the negative potential conjugation of \" defeat \" ( i . e . \" cannot defeat \" ) , but can also be the negative passive conjugation ( i . e . \" is not defeated \" ) .", "both make grammatical sense , but the former describes what the frikkin ' song is about .", "oddly enough , the infamous line \" i am error . \"", "from zelda ii : the adventure of link , though mistakenly assumed by many to be a case of \" blind idiot \" translation , is actually correct .", "another character is called bagu , a literal romanisation of the japanese transliteration of \" bug \" . \"", "bug \" and \" error \" go together fairly well .", "besides which , you ' re told later in the game by someone else that error has some information you need .", "some non - japanese fans think that error should be errol ( as in errol flynn , known for swordplay in his movies ) because of the japanese ranguage .", "this is impossible , since \" error \" ( エラー erā ) and \" errol \" ( エロール erōru ) are very distinct , which makes this a case of \" blind idiot \" translation by the fans instead of the localisers .", "the english release of zoids saga 2 ( as zoids legacy ) was about as blind idiot as it comes .", "not just did it freely mix the names from the english dubs of the zoids anime with their japanese originals ( so you had the american \" leena \" alongside the japanese \" ballard \" ) but it was full of pure nonsense translations .", "for example , the description of the gator zoid read \" deform for recon \" .", "more interestingly , the merda zoid ( one of many in the game not released in the us , and it had about four or five possible romanizations ) was renamed \" hellrunner \" , the name it was released under in the uk . . . in the ' 80s .", "to make the whole thing even more confusing , one of the lead translators on the staff was an active member of the zoids fan community .", "genre pretty much went out the window , which is the way it ought to be .", "last night , my wonderful girlfriend , alex , and i spent some time sharing our current pop obsessions , which seem to be everyone ' s current pop obsessions .", "i love all the songs making the rounds : \" hotline bling , \" \" the hills , \" \" here \" ( the latter is probably the single of the year for me ) .", "bieber ' s \" sorry \" is another in - the - air favorite that will not leave my brain .", "i did file jazz , metal and general - purpose year - end lists for various polls , but looking back , none of them feel definitive to me .", "that orderly , fenced - off approach doesn ' t reflect how music fits into my life .", "the other night , some friends and i sat around spinning vinyl ranging from the latest sheer mag 7 \" ( my album of the year , even though it isn ' t an album ) to the new fleetwood mac tusk reissue , the stellar laddio bolocko box set and , just because , bob dylan ' s infidels .", "it ' s all sitting by my turntable , along with a ton of other records that captivated me at one point or another recently : sonny rollins ' s the bridge , the eagles ' one of these nights , keelhaul ' s triumphant return to obscurity , pat metheny ' s 80 / 81 , blue öyster cult ' s tyranny and mutation , roky erickson ' s the evil one , joni mitchell ' s hejira , the stooges ' fun house , etc .", "( i ' m proud to say that the craw set and stats lp are there too . )", "music .", "as i indicated here , the quintet heard on this album has evolved considerably since they recorded this album at the chicago jazz festival in 2013 , but made in chicago still holds up as a supergroup effort that capitalizes on every bit of its enormous potential .", "the stars here , and i think mr . dejohnette would agree , are muhal richard abrams , roscoe mitchell and henry threadgill , and the presence of a master drummer - leader who also happens to be one of the best listeners in jazz only makes their contributions — both as composers and improvisers — sound that much sweeter ( or nastier or more otherworldly , depending on the moment ) .", "not just great artists sharing the stage , but the sound of a group aesthetic crystallizing , and the stage being set for future wonders .", "now , as it is with the monster that is called a horse , so it is with the monster that is called a man .", "of course the best condition of all , in my opinion , is always to have regarded man as he is regarded in my philosophy .", "he who holds the christian and catholic view of human nature will feel certain that it is a universal and therefore a sane view , and will be satisfied .", "but if he has lost the sane vision , he can only get it back by something very like a mad vision ; that is , by seeing man as a strange animal and realising how strange an animal he is .", "but just as seeing the horse as a prehistoric prodigy ultimately led back to , and not away from , an admiration for the mastery of man , so the really detached consideration of the curious career of man will lead back to , and not away from , the ancient faith in the dark designs of god .", "in other words , it is exactly when we do see how queer the quadruped is that we praise the man who mounts him ; and exactly when we do see how queer the biped is that we praise the providence that made him .", "in short , it is the purpose of this introduction to maintain this thesis : that it is exactly when we do regard man as an animal that we know he is not an animal .", "it is precisely when we do try to picture him as a sort of horse on its hind legs , that we suddenly realise that he must be something as miraculous as the winged horse that towered up into the clouds of heaven .", "all roads lead to rome , all ways lead round again to the central and civilised philosophy , including this road through elf - land and topsyturvydom .", "but it may be that it is better never to have left the land of the reasonable tradition , where men ride lightly upon horses and are mighty hunters before the lord .", "so also in the specially christian case we have to react against the heavy bias of fatigue .", "it is almost impossible to make the facts vivid , because the facts are familiar ; and for fallen men it is often true that familiarity is fatigue .", "i am convinced that if we could tell the supernatural story of christ word for word as of a chinese hero , call him the son of heaven instead of the son of god , and trace his rayed nimbus in the gold tread of chinese embroideries or the gold lacquer of chinese pottery , instead of in the gold leaf of our own old catholic paintings , there would be a unanimous testimony to the spiritual purity of the story .", "we should hear nothing then of the injustice of substitution or the illogicality of atonement , of the superstitious exaggeration of the burden of sin or the impossible insolence of an invasion of the laws of nature .", "we should admire the chivalry of the chinese conception of a god who fell from the sky to fight the dragons and save the wicked from being devoured by their own fault and folly .", "we should admire the subtlety of the chinese view of life , which perceives that all human imperfection is in very truth a crying imperfection .", "we should admire the chinese esoteric and superior wisdom , which said there are higher cosmic laws than the laws we know ; we believe every common indian conjurer who chooses to come to us and talk in the same style .", "if christianity were only a new oriental fashion , it would never be reproached with being an old and oriental faith .", "i do not propose in this book to follow the alleged example of st . francis xavier with the opposite imaginative intention , and turn the twelve apostles into mandarins ; not so much to make them look like natives as to make them look like foreigners .", "i do not propose to work what i believe would be a completely successful practical joke ; that of telling the whole story of the gospel and the whole history of the church in a setting of pagodas and pigtails ; and noting with malignant humour how much it was admired as a heathen story , in the very quarters where it is condemned as a christian story .", "but i do propose to strike wherever possible this note of what is new and strange , and for that reason the style even on so serious a subject may sometimes be deliberately grotesque and fanciful .", "i do desire to help the reader to see christendom from the outside in the sense of seeing it as a whole , against the background of other historic things ; just as i desire him to see humanity as a whole against the background of natural things .", "and i say that in both cases , when seen thus , they stand out from their background like supernatural things .", "they do not fade into the rest with the colours of impressionism ; they stand out from the rest with the colours of heraldry ; as vivid as a red cross on a white shield or a black lion on a ground of gold .", "so stands the red clay against the green field of nature , or the white christ against the red clay of his race .", "probably it was a point of politeness and even decency among those polytheists not to speak of atahocan .", "the name is not perhaps so much adapted as some of our own to direct and solemn religious exhortation but many other social forces are always covering up and confusing such simple ideas .", "possibly the old god stood for an old morality found irksome in more expansive moments ; possibly intercourse with demons was more fashionable among the best people , as in the modern fashion of spiritualism .", "anyhow , there are any number of similar examples .", "they all testify to the unmistakable psychology of a thing taken for granted , as distinct from a thing talked about .", "there is a striking example in a tale taken down word for word from a red indian in california which starts out with hearty legendary and literary relish : ' the sun is the father and ruler of the heavens .", "he is the big chief .", "the moon is his wife and the stars are their children ' ; and so on through a most ingenious and complicated story , in the middle of which is a sudden parenthesis saying that the sun and moon have to do something because ' it is ordered that way by the great spirit who lives above the place of all . '", "that is exactly the attitude of most paganism towards god .", "he is something assumed and forgotten and remembered by accident ; a habit possibly not peculiar to pagans .", "sometimes the higher deity is remembered in the higher moral grades and is a sort of mystery .", "but always , it has been truly said , the savage is talkative about his mythology and taciturn about his religion .", "the australian savages , indeed , exhibit a topsyturveydom such as the ancients might have thought truly worthy of the antipodes .", "the savage who thinks nothing of tossing off such a trifle as a tale of the sun and moon being the halves of a baby chopped in two , or dropping into small - talk about a colossal cosmic cow milked to make the rain , merely in order to be sociable , will then retire to secret caverns sealed against women and white men , temples of terrible initiation where to the thunder of the bull - roarer and the dripping of sacrificial blood , the priest whispers the final secrets , known only to the initiate : that honesty is the best policy , that a little kindness does nobody any harm , that all men are brothers and that there is but one god , the father almighty , maker of all things visible and invisible .", "there are not a few indications of this change in other places it is implied , for instance , in the fact that even polytheism seems often the combination of several monotheisms .", "a god will gain only a minor seat on mount olympus , when he had owned earth and heaven and all the stars while he lived in his own little valley .", "like many a small nation melting in a great empire , he gives up local universality only to come under universal limitation .", "the very name of pan suggests that he became a god of the wood when he had been a god of the world .", "the very name of jupiter is almost a pagan translation of the words ' our father which art in heaven . '", "as with the great father symbolised by the sky , so with the great mother whom we still call mother earth .", "demeter and ceres and cybele often seem to be almost capable of taking over the whole business of godhood , so that men should need no other gods .", "it seems reasonably probable that a good many men did have no other gods but one of these , worshipped as the author of all .", "the unique possession was not available or accessible to the pagan world , because it was also the possession of a jealous people .", "the jews were unpopular , partly because of this narrowness already noted in the roman world , partly perhaps because they had already fallen into that habit of merely handling things for exchange instead of working to make them with their hands .", "it was partly also because polytheism had become a sort of jungle in which solitary monotheism could be lost ; but it is strange to realise how completely it really was lost .", "apart from more disputed matters , there were things in the tradition of israel which belong to all humanity now , and might have belonged to all humanity then .", "they had one of the colossal corner - stones of the world : the book of job .", "it obviously stands over against the iliad and the greek tragedies ; and even more than they it was an early meeting and parting of poetry and philosophy in the mornings of the world .", "it is a solemn and uplifting sight to see those two eternal fools , the optimist and the pessimist , destroyed in the dawn of time .", "and the philosophy really perfects the pagan tragic irony , precisely because it is more monotheistic and therefore more mystical .", "indeed the book of job avowedly only answers mystery with mystery .", "job is comforted with riddles ; but he is comforted .", "herein is indeed a type , in the sense of a prophecy , of things speaking with authority .", "for when he who doubts can only say ' i do not understand , ' it is true that he who knows can only reply or repeat ' you do not understand . '", "and under that rebuke there is always a sudden hope in the heart ; and the sense of something that would be worth understanding .", "but this mighty monotheistic poem remained unremarked by the whole world of antiquity , which was thronged with polytheistic poetry .", "it is a sign of the way in which the jews stood apart and kept their tradition unshaken and unshared , that they should have kept a thing like the book of job out of the whole intellectual world of antiquity .", "it is as if the egyptians had modestly concealed the great pyramid .", "but there were other reasons for a cross - purpose and an impasse , characteristic of the whole of the end of paganism .", "after all , the tradition of israel had only got hold of one - half of the truth , even if we use the popular paradox and call it the bigger half .", "i shall try to sketch in the next chapter that love of locality and personality that ran through mythology ; here it need only be said that there was a truth in it that could not be let out though it were a lighter and less essential truth .", "the sorrow of job had to be joined with the sorrow of hector ; and while the former was the sorrow of the universe the latter was the sorrow of the city ; for hector could only stand pointing to heaven as the pillar of holy troy .", "when god speaks out of the whirlwind he may well speak in the wilderness .", "but the monotheism of the nomad was not enough for all that varied civilisation of fields and fences and walled cities and temples and towns ; and the turn of these things also was to come , when the two could be combined in a more definite and domestic religion .", "here and there in all that pagan crowd could be found a philosopher whose thought ran of pure theism ; but he never had , or supposed that he had , the power to change the customs of the whole populace .", "nor is it easy even in such philosophies to find a true definition of this deep business of the relation of polytheism and theism .", "perhaps the nearest we can come to striking the note , or giving the thing a name , is in something far away from all that civilisation and more remote from rome than the isolation of israel .", "it is in a saying i once heard from some hindu tradition ; that gods as well as men are only the dreams of brahma ; and will perish when brahma wakes .", "there is indeed in such an image something of the soul of asia which is less sane than the soul of christendom .", "we should call it despair , even if they would call it peace .", "this note of nihilism can be considered later in a fuller comparison between asia and europe .", "it is enough to say here that there is more of disillusion in that idea of a divine awakening than is implied for us in the passage from mythology to religion .", "but the symbol is very subtle and exact in one respect ; that it does suggest the disproportion and even disruption between the very ideas of mythology and religion , the chasm between the two categories .", "it is really the collapse of comparative religion that there is no comparison between god and the gods .", "there is no more comparison than there is between a man and the men who walked about in his dreams .", "under the next heading some attempt will be made to indicate the twilight of that dream in which the gods walk about like men .", "but if anyone fancies the contrast of monotheism and polytheism is only a matter of some people having one god and others a few more , for him it will be far nearer the truth to plunge into the elephantine extravagance of brahmin cosmology ; that he may feel a shudder going through the veil of things , the many - handed creators , and the throned and haloed animals and all the network of entangled stars and rulers of the night , as the eyes of brahma open like dawn upon the death of all .", "the crux and crisis is that man found it natural to worship ; even natural to worship unnatural things .", "the posture of the idol might be stiff and strange ; but the gesture of the worshipper was generous and beautiful .", "he not only felt freer when he bent ; he actually felt taller when he bowed .", "henceforth anything that took away the gesture of worship would stunt and even maim him for ever .", "henceforth being merely secular would be a servitude and an inhibition .", "if man cannot pray he is gagged ; if he cannot kneel he is in irons .", "we therefore feel throughout the whole of paganism a curious double feeling of trust and distrust .", "when the man makes the gesture of salutation and of sacrifice , when he pours out the libation or lifts up the sword , he knows he is doing a worthy and a virile thing .", "he knows he is doing one of the things for which a man was made .", "his imaginative experiment is therefore justified .", "but precisely because it began with imagination , there is to the end something of mockery in it , and especially in the object of it .", "this mockery , in the more in tense moments of the intellect , becomes the almost intolerable irony of greek tragedy .", "there seems a disproportion between the priest and the altar or between the altar and the god .", "the priest seems more solemn and almost more sacred than the god .", "all the order of the temple is solid and sane and satisfactory to certain parts of our nature ; except the very centre of it , which seems strangely mutable and dubious , like a dancing flame .", "it is the first thought round which the whole has been built ; and the first thought is still a fancy and almost a frivolity .", "in that strange place of meeting , the man seems more statuesque than the statue .", "he himself can stand for ever in the noble and natural attitude of the statue of the praying boy .", "but whatever name be written on the pedestal , whether zeus or ammon or apollo , the god whom he worships is proteus .", "that mythology and that philosophy into which paganism has already been analysed had thus both of them been drained most literally to the dregs .", "if with the multiplication of magic the third department , which we have called the demons , was even increasingly active , it was never anything but destructive .", "there remains only the fourth element or rather the first ; that which had been in a sense forgotten because it was the first .", "i mean the primary and overpowering yet impalpable impression that the universe after all has one origin and one aim ; and because it has an aim must have an author .", "what became of this great truth in the background of men ' s minds , at this time , it is perhaps more difficult to determine .", "some of the stoics undoubtedly saw it more and more clearly as the clouds of mythology cleared and thinned away ; and great men among them did much even to the last to lay the foundations of a concept of the moral unity of the world .", "the jews still held their secret certainty of it jealously behind high fences of exclusiveness ; yet it is intensely characteristic of the society and the situation that some fashionable figures , especially fashionable ladies , actually embraced judaism .", "but in the case of many others i fancy there entered at this point a new negation .", "atheism became really possible in that abnormal time ; for atheism is abnormality .", "it is not merely the denial of a dogma .", "it is the reversal of a subconscious assumption in the soul ; the sense that there is a meaning and a direction in the world it sees .", "lucretius , the first evolutionist who endeavoured to substitute evolution for god , had already dangled before men ' s eyes his dance of glittering atoms , by which he conceived cosmos as created by chaos .", "but it was not his strong poetry or his sad philosophy , as i fancy , that made it possible for men to entertain such a vision .", "it was something in the sense of impotence and despair with which men shook their fists vainly at the stars , as they saw all the best work of humanity sinking slowly and helplessly into a swamp .", "they could easily believe that even creation itself was not a creation but a perpetual fall , when they saw that the weightiest and worthiest of all human creations was falling by its own weight .", "they could fancy that all the stars were falling stars ; and that the very pillars of their own solemn porticos were bowed under a sort of gradual deluge .", "to men in that mood there was a reason for atheism that is in some sense reasonable .", "mythology might fade and philosophy might stiffen ; but if behind these things there was a reality , surely that reality might have sustained things as they sank .", "there was no god ; if there had been a god , surely this was the very moment when he would have moved and saved the world .", "in fact , those who can really take it ( as i here hypothetically take it ) in a quite dry and detached spirit , have here a most curious and interesting human problem .", "it is so intensely interesting , considered as a human problem , that it is in a spirit quite disinterested , so to speak , that i wish some of them had turned that intricate human problem into something like an intelligible human portrait .", "if christ was simply a human character , he really was a highly complex and contradictory human character .", "for he combined exactly the two things that lie at the two extremes of human variation .", "he was exactly what the man with a delusion never is ; he was wise ; he was a good judge .", "what he said was always unexpected ; but it was always unexpectedly magnanimous and often unexpectedly moderate .", "take a thing like the point of the parable of the tares and the wheat .", "it has the quality that unites sanity and subtlety .", "it has not the simplicity of a madman .", "it has not even the simplicity of a fanatic .", "it might be uttered by a philosopher a hundred years old , at the end of a century of utopias .", "nothing could be less like this quality of seeing beyond and all round obvious things , than the condition of the egomaniac with the one sensitive spot on his brain .", "i really do not see how these two characters could be convincingly combined , except in the astonishing way in which the creed combines them .", "for until we reach the full acceptance of the fact as a fact , however marvellous , all mere approximations to it are actually further and further away from it .", "divinity is great enough to be divine ; it is great enough to call itself divine .", "but as humanity grows greater , it grows less and less likely to do so .", "god is god , as the moslems say ; but a great man knows he is not god , and the greater he is the better he knows it .", "that is the paradox ; everything that is merely approaching to that point is merely receding from it .", "socrates , the wisest man , knows that he knows nothing .", "a lunatic may think he is omniscience , and a fool may talk as if he were omniscient .", "but christ is in another sense omniscient if he not only knows , but knows that he knows .", "so might rise from their graves the great heresiarchs to confound their comrades of to - day .", "there is nothing that the critics now affirm that we cannot call on these great witnesses to deny .", "the modern critic will say lightly enough that christianity was but a reaction into asceticism and anti - natural spirituality , a dance of fakirs furious against life and love .", "but manes the great mystic will answer them from his secret throne and cry , ' these christians have no right to be called spiritual ; these christians have no title to be called ascetics , they who compromised with the curse of life and all the filth of the family .", "through them the earth is still foul with fruit and harvest and polluted with population .", "theirs was no movement against nature , or my children would have carried it to triumph ; but these fools renewed the world when i would have ended it with a gesture . '", "and another critic will write that the church was but the shadow of the empire , the fad of a chance emperor , and that it remains in europe only as the ghost of the power of rome .", "and arius the deacon will answer out of the darkness of oblivious ` no , indeed , or the world would have followed my more reasonable religion .", "for mine went down before demagogues and men defying caesar ; and around my champion was the purple cloak and mine was the glory of the eagles .", "it was not for lack of these things that i failed . '", "and yet a third modern will maintain that the creed spread only as a sort of panic of hell - fire ; men everywhere attempting impossible things in fleeing from incredible vengeance ; a nightmare of imaginary remorse ; and such an explanation will satisfy many who see something dreadful in the doctrine of orthodoxy .", "and then there will go up against it the terrible voice of tertullian , saying , ' and why then was i cast out ; and why did soft hearts and heads decide against me when i proclaimed the perdition of all sinners ; and what was this power that thwarted me when i threatened all backsliders with hell ?", "for none ever went up that hard road so far as i ; and mine was the credo quia impossible . '", "then there is the fourth suggestion that there was something of the semitic secret society in the whole matter ; that it was a new invasion of the nomad spirit shaking a kindlier and more comfortable paganism , its cities and its household gods ; whereby the jealous monotheistic races could after all establish their jealous god .", "and mahomet shall answer out of the whirlwind , the red whirlwind of the desert , ' who ever served the jealousy of god as i did or left him more lonely in the sky ?", "who ever paid more honour to moses and abraham or won more victories over idols and the images of paganism ?", "and what was this thing that thrust me back with the energy of a thing alive ; whose fanaticism could drive me from sicily and tear up my deep roots out of the rock of spain ?", "what faith was theirs who thronged in thousands of every class a country crying out that my ruin was the will of god ; and what hurled great godfrey as from a catapult over the wall of jerusalem , and what brought great sobieski like a thunderbolt to the gates of vienna ?", "i think there was more than you fancy in the religion that has so matched itself with mine . '", "now the first fact is that the most simple people have the most subtle ideas .", "everybody ought to know that , for everybody has been a child .", "ignorant as a child is , he knows more than he can say and feels not only atmospheres but fine shades .", "and in this matter there are several fine shades .", "nobody understands it who has not had what can only be called the ache of the artist to find some sense and some story in the beautiful things he sees ; his hunger for secrets and his anger at any tower or tree escaping with its tale untold .", "he feels that nothing is perfect unless it is personal .", "without that the blind unconscious beauty of the world stands in its garden like a headless statue .", "one need only be a very minor poet to have wrestled with the tower or the tree until it spoke like a titan or a dryad .", "it is often said that pagan mythology was a personification of the powers of nature .", "the phrase is true in a sense , but it is very unsatisfactory ; because it implies that the forces are abstractions and the personification is artificial .", "myths are not allegories .", "natural powers are not in this case abstractions .", "it is not as if there were a god of gravitation .", "there may be a genius of the waterfall ; but not of mere falling , even less than of mere water .", "the impersonation is not of something impersonal .", "the point is that the personality perfects the water with significance .", "father christmas is not an allegory of snow and holly ; he is not merely the stuff called snow afterwards artificially given a human form , like a snow man .", "he is something that gives a new meaning to the white world and the evergreens , so that snow itself seems to be warm rather than cold .", "the test therefore is purely imaginative .", "but imaginative does not mean imaginary .", "it does not follow that it is all what the moderns call subjective , when they mean false .", "every true artist does feel , consciously or unconsciously , that he is touching transcendental truths ; that his images are shadows of things seen through the veil .", "in other words , the natural mystic does know that there is something there ; something behind the clouds or within the trees ; but he believes that the pursuit of beauty is the way to find it ; that imagination is a sort of incantation that can call it up .", "the second consequence is this ; that in these pagan cults there is every shade of sincerity - - and insincerity .", "in what sense exactly did an athenian really think he had to sacrifice to pallas athena ?", "what scholar is really certain of the answer ?", "in what sense did dr . johnson really think that he had to touch all the posts in the street or that he had to collect orange - peel ?", "in what sense does a child really think that he ought to step on every alternate paving - stone ?", "two things are at least fairly clear .", "first , in simpler and less self - conscious times these forms could become more solid without really becoming more serious .", "day - dreams could be acted in broad daylight , with more liberty of artistic expression ; but still perhaps with something of the light step of the somnambulist .", "wrap dr . johnson in an antique mantle , crown him ( by his kind permission ) with a garland , and he will move in state under those ancient skies of morning ; touching a series of sacred posts carved with the heads of the strange terminal gods , that stand at the limits of the land and of the life of man .", "make the child free of the marbles and mosaics of some classic temples to play on a whole floor inlaid with squares of black and white ; and he will willingly make this fulfilment of his idle and drifting daydream the clear field for a grave and graceful dance .", "but the posts and the paving - stones are little more and little less real than they are under modern limits .", "they are not really much more serious for being taken seriously .", "they have the sort of sincerity that they always had ; the sincerity of art as a symbol that expresses very real spiritualities under the surface of life .", "but they are only sincere in the same sense as art ; not sincere in the same sense as morality .", "the eccentric ' s collection of orange - peel may turn to oranges in a mediterranean festival or to golden apples in a mediterranean myth .", "but they are never on the same plane with the difference between giving the orange to a blind beggar and carefully placing the orange - peel so that the beggar may fall and break his leg .", "between these two things there is a difference of kind and not of degree .", "the child does not think it wrong to step on the paving - stone as he thinks it wrong to step on the dog ' s tail .", "and it is very certain that whatever jest or sentiment or fancy first set johnson touching the wooden posts , he never touched wood with any of the feeling with which he stretched out his hands to the timber of that terrible tree , which was the death of god and the life of man .", "this is the trinity of truths symbolised here by the three types in the old christmas story ; the shepherds and the kings and that other king who warred upon the children .", "it is simply not true to say that other religions and philosophies are in this respect its rivals .", "it is not true to say that any one of them combines these characters ; it is not true to say that any one of them pretends to combine them .", "buddhism may profess to be equally mystical ; it does not even profess to be equally military .", "islam may profess to be equally military ; it does not even profess to be equally metaphysical and subtle .", "confucianism may profess to satisfy the need of the philosophers for order and reason ; it does not even profess to satisfy the need of the mystics for miracle and sacrament and the consecration of concrete things .", "there are many evidences of this presence of a spirit at once universal and unique .", "one will serve here which is the symbol of the subject of this chapter ; that no other story , no pagan legend or philosophical anecdote or historical event , does in fact affect any of us with that peculiar and even poignant impression produced on us by the word bethlehem .", "no other birth of a god or childhood of a sage seems to us to be christmas or anything like christmas .", "it is either too cold or too frivolous , or too formal and classical , or too simple and savage , or too occult and complicated .", "not one of us , whatever his opinions , would ever go to such a scene with the sense that he was going home .", "he might admire it because it was poetical , or because it was philosophical , or any number of other things in separation ; but not because it was itself .", "the truth is that there is a quite peculiar and individual character about the hold of this story on human nature ; it is not in its psychological substance at all like a mere legend or the life of a great man .", "it does not exactly in the ordinary sense turn our minds to greatness ; to those extensions and exaggerations of humanity which are turned into gods and heroes , even by the healthiest sort of hero - worship .", "it does not exactly work outwards , adventurously , to the wonders to be found at the ends of the earth .", "it is rather something that surprises us from behind , from the hidden and personal part of our being ; like that which can some times take us off our guard in the pathos of small objects or the blind pieties of the poor .", "it is rather as if a man had found an inner room in the very heart of his own house , which he had never suspected ; and seen a light from within .", "it is as if he found something at the back of his own heart that betrayed him into good .", "it is not made of what the world would call strong materials ; or rather it is made of materials whose strength is in that winged levity with which they brush us and pass .", "it is all that is in us but a brief tenderness that is there made eternal ; all that means no more than a momentary softening that is in some strange fashion become a strengthening and a repose ; it is the broken speech and the lost word that are made positive and suspended unbroken ; as the strange kings fade into a far country and the mountains resound no more with the feet of the shepherds ; and only the night and the cavern lie in fold upon fold over something more human than humanity .", "but this little incident has always lingered in my mind as a sort of parable .", "most modern histories of mankind begin with the word evolution , and with a rather wordy exposition of evolution , for much the same reason that operated in this case .", "there is something slow and soothing and gradual about the word and even about the idea .", "as a matter of fact , it is not , touching these primary things , a very practical word or a very profitable idea .", "nobody can imagine how nothing could turn into something .", "nobody can get an inch nearer to it by explaining how something could turn into something else .", "it is really far more logical to start by saying ' in the beginning god created heaven and earth ' even if you only mean ' in the beginning some unthinkable power began some unthinkable process . '", "for god is by its nature a name of mystery , and nobody ever supposed that man could imagine how a world was created any more than he could create one .", "but evolution really is mistaken for explanation .", "it has the fatal quality of leaving on many minds the impression that they do understand it and everything else ; just as many of them live under a sort of illusion that they have read the origin of species .", "but there is another entity , more or less definable and much more imaginable than the many - headed and monstrous idol of mankind .", "and it has a much better light to be called , in a reasonable sense , the religion of humanity .", "man is not indeed the idol ; but man is almost everywhere the idolator .", "and these multitudinous idolatries of man kind have something about them in many ways more human and sympathetic than modern metaphysical abstractions .", "if an asiatic god has three heads and seven arms , there is at least in it an idea of material incarnation bringing an unknown power nearer to us and not farther away .", "but if our friends brown , jones , and robinson , when out for a sunday walk , were transformed and amalgamated into an asiatic idol before our eyes , they would surely seem farther away .", "if the arms of brown and the legs of robinson waved from the same composite body , they would seem to be waving something of a sad farewell .", "if the heads of an three gentlemen appeared smiling on the same neck , we should hesitate even by what name to address our new and somewhat abnormal friend .", "in the many - headed and many - handed oriental idol there is a certain sense of mysteries be coming at least partly intelligible ; of formless forces of nature taking some dark but material form , but though this may be true of the multiform god it is not so of the multiform man the human beings be come less human by becoming less separate ; we might say less human in being less lonely .", "the human beings become less intelligible as they become less isolated ; we might say with strict truth that the closer they are to us the farther they are away .", "an ethical hymn - book of this humanitarian sort of religion was carefully selected and expurgated on the principle of preserving anything human and eliminating anything divine .", "one consequence was that a hymn appeared in the amended form of ' nearer mankind to thee , nearer to thee . '", "it always suggested to me the sensations of a strap - hanger during a crush on the tube .", "but it is strange and wonderful how far away the souls of men can seem , when their bodies are so near as all that .", "in considering the elements of pagan humanity , we must begin by an attempt to describe the indescribable .", "many get over the difficulty of describing it by the expedient of denying it , or at least ignoring it ; but the whole point of it is that it was something that was never quite eliminated even when it was ignored .", "they are obsessed by their evolutionary monomania that every great thing grows from a seed , or something smaller than itself .", "they seem to forget that every seed comes from a tree , or something larger than itself .", "now there is very good ground for guessing that religion did not originally come from some detail that was forgotten , because it was too small to be traced .", "much more probably it was an idea that was abandoned because it was too large to be managed .", "there is very good reason to suppose that many people did begin with the simple but overwhelming idea of one god who governs all ; and afterwards fell away into such things as demon - worship almost as a sort of secret dissipation .", "even the test of savage beliefs , of which the folk - lore students are so fond , is admittedly often found to support such a view .", "some of the very rudest savages , primitive in every sense in which anthropologists use the word , the australian aborigines for instance , are found to have a pure monotheism with a high moral tone .", "a missionary was preaching to a very wild tribe of polytheists , who had told him all their polytheistic tales , and telling them in return of the existence of the one good god who is a spirit and judges men by spiritual standards .", "and there was a sudden buzz of excitement among these stolid barbarians , as at somebody who was letting out a secret , and they cried to each other , ' atahocan !", "he is speaking of atahocan ! '", "in other words , we have here the curiosity of religious history that the savage seems to be parading all the most repulsive and impossible parts of his belief and concealing all the most sensible and creditable parts .", "but the explanation is that they are not in that sense parts of his belief , or at least not parts of the same sort of belief .", "the myths are merely tall stories , though as tall as the sky , the water spout , or the tropic rain .", "the mysteries are true stories , and are taken secretly that they may be taken seriously .", "indeed it is only too easy to forget that there is a thrill in theism .", "a novel in which a number of separate characters all turned out to be the same character would certainly be a sensational novel .", "it is so with the idea that sun and tree and river are the disguises of one god and not of many .", "alas , we also find it only too easy to take atahocan for granted .", "but whether he is allowed to fade into a truism or preserved as a sensation by being preserved as a secret , it is clear that he is always either an old truism or an old tradition .", "there is nothing to show that he is an improved product of the mere mythology and everything to show that he preceded it .", "he is worshipped by the simplest tribes with no trace of ghosts or grave - offerings , or any of the complications in which herbert spencer and grant allen sought the origin of the simplest of all ideas .", "whatever else there was , there was never as such thing as the evolution of the idea of god .", "the idea was concealed , was avoided , was almost forgotten , was even explained away ; but it was never evolved .", "that is where all these things differed from religion or the reality in which these different dimensions met in a sort of solid .", "they differed from the reality not in what they looked like but in what they were .", "a picture may look like a landscape ; it may look in every detail exactly like a landscape .", "the only detail in which it differs is that it is not a landscape .", "the difference is only that which divides a portrait of queen elizabeth from queen elizabeth .", "only in this mythical and mystical world the portrait could exist before the person ; and the portrait was therefore more vague and doubtful .", "but anybody who has felt and fed on the atmosphere of these myths will know what i mean , when i say that in one sense they did not really profess to be realities .", "the pagans had dreams about realities ; and they would have been the first to admit , in their own words , that some came through the gate of ivory and others through the gate of horn .", "the dreams do indeed tend to be very vivid dreams when they touch on those tender or tragic things , which can really make a sleeper awaken with the sense that his heart has been broken in his sleep .", "they tend continually to hover over certain passionate themes of meeting and parting , of a life that ends in death or a death that is the beginning of life .", "demeter wanders over a stricken world looking for a stolen child ; isis stretches out her arms over the earth in vain to gather the limbs of osiris ; and there is lamentation upon the hills for atys and through the woods for adonis .", "there mingles with all such mourning the mystical and profound sense that death can be a deliverer and an appeasement ; that such death gives us a divine blood for a renovating river and that all good is found in gathering the broken body of the god .", "we may truly call these foreshadowing ; so long as we remember that foreshadowings are shadows .", "and the metaphor of a shadow happens to hit very exactly the truth that is very vital here .", "for a shadow is a shape ; a thing which reproduces shape but not texture .", "these things were something like the real thing ; and to say that they were like is to say that they were different .", "saying something is like a dog is another way of saying it is not a dog ; and it is in this sense of identity that a myth is not a man .", "nobody really thought of isis as a human being , nobody really thought of demeter as a historical character , nobody thought of adonis as the founder of a church .", "there was no idea that any one of them had changed the world ; but rather that their recurrent death and life bore the sad and beautiful burden of the changelessness of the world .", "not one of them was a revolution , save in the sense of the revolution of the sun and moon .", "their whole meaning is missed if we do not see that they mean the shadows that we are and the shadows that we pursue .", "in certain sacrificial and communal aspects they naturally suggest what sort of a god might satisfy them ; but they do not profess to be satisfied .", "anyone who says they do is a bad judge of poetry .", "the civilisation that centered in tyre and sidon was above all things practical .", "it has left little in the way of art and nothing in the way of poetry .", "but it prided itself upon being very efficient ; and it followed in its philosophy and religion that strange and sometimes secret train of thought which we have already noted in those who look for immediate effects .", "there is always in such a mentality an idea that there is a short cut to the secret of all success ; something that would shock the world by this sort of shameless thoroughness .", "they believed , in the appropriate modern phrase , in people who delivered the goods .", "in their dealings with their god moloch , they themselves were always careful to deliver the goods .", "it was an interesting transaction , upon which we shall have to touch more than once in the rest of the narrative ; it is enough to say here that it involved the theory i have suggested , about a certain attitude towards children .", "this was what called up against it in simultaneous fury the servant of one god in palestine and the guardians of all the household gods in rome this is what challenged two things naturally so much divided by every sort of distance and disunion , whose union was to save the world .", "a mass of legend and literature , which increases and will never end , has repeated and rung the changes on that single paradox ; that the hands that had made the sun and stars were too small to reach the huge heads of the cattle .", "upon this paradox , we might almost say upon this jest , all the literature of our faith is founded .", "it is at least like a jest in this , that it is something which the scientific critic cannot see .", "he laboriously explains the difficulty which we have always defiantly and almost derisively exaggerated ; and mildly condemns as improbable something that we have almost madly exalted as incredible ; as something that would be much too good to be true , except that it is true .", "when that contrast between the cosmic creation and the little local infancy has been repeated , reiterated , underlined , emphasised , exulted in , sung , shouted , roared , not to say howled , in a hundred thousand hymns , carols , rhymes , rituals , pictures , poems , and popular sermons , it may be suggested that we hardly need a higher critic to draw our attention to something a little odd about it ; especially one of the sort that seems to take a long time to see a joke , even his own joke .", "but about this contrast and combination of ideas one thing may be said here , because it is relevant to the whole thesis of this book .", "the sort of modern critic of whom i speak is generally much impressed with the importance of education in life and the importance of psychology in education .", "that sort of man is never tired of telling us that first impressions fix character by the law of causation ; and he will become quite nervous if a child ' s visual sense is poisoned by the wrong colours on a golliwog or his nervous system prematurely shaken by a cacophonous rattle .", "yet he will think us very narrow - minded , if we say that this is exactly why there really is a difference between being brought up as a christian and being brought up as a jew or a moslem or an atheist .", "the difference is that every catholic child has learned from pictures , and even every protestant child from stories , this incredible combination of contrasted ideas as one of the very first impressions on his mind .", "it is not merely a theological difference .", "it is a psychological difference which can outlast any theologies .", "it really is , as that sort of scientist loves to say about anything , incurable .", "any agnostic or atheist whose childhood has known a real christmas has ever afterwards , whether he likes it or not , an association in his mind between two ideas that most of mankind must regard as remote from each other ; the idea of a baby and the idea of unknown strength that sustains the stars .", "his instincts and imagination can still connect them , when his reason can no longer see the need of the connection ; for him there will always be some savour of religion about the mere picture of a mother and a baby ; some hint of mercy and softening about the mere mention of the dreadful name of god .", "but the two ideas are not naturally or necessarily combined .", "they would not be necessarily combined for an ancient greek or a chinaman , even for aristotle or confucius .", "it is no more inevitable to connect god with an infant than to connect gravitation with a kitten .", "it has been created in our minds by christmas because we are christians , because we are psychological christians even when we are not theological ones .", "in other words , this combination of ideas has emphatically , in the much disputed phrase , altered human nature .", "there is really a difference between the man who knows it and the man who does not .", "it may not be a difference of moral worth , for the moslem or the jew might be worthier according to his lights ; but it is a plain fact about the crossing of two particular lights , the conjunction of two stars in our particular horoscope .", "omnipotence and impotence , or divinity and infancy , do definitely make a sort of epigram which a million repetitions cannot turn into a platitude .", "it is not unreasonable to call it unique .", "bethlehem is emphatically a place where extremes meet .", "it might be suggested , in a somewhat violent image , that nothing had happened in that fold or crack in the great grey hills except that the whole universe had been turned inside out .", "i mean that all the eyes of wonder and worship which had been turned outwards to the largest thing were now turned inward to the smallest .", "the very image will suggest all that multitudinous marvel of converging eyes that makes so much of the coloured catholic imagery like a peacock ' s tail .", "but it is true in a sense that god who had been only a circumference was seen as a centre ; and a centre is infinitely small .", "it is true that the spiritual spiral henceforward works inwards instead of outwards , and in that sense is centripetal and not centrifugal .", "the faith becomes , in more ways than one , a religion of little things .", "but its traditions in art and literature and popular fable have quite sufficiently attested , as has been said , this particular paradox of the divine being in the cradle .", "perhaps they have not so clearly emphasised the significance of the divine being in the cave .", "curiously enough , indeed , tradition has not very clearly emphasised the cave .", "it is a familiar fact that the bethlehem scene has been represented in every possible setting of time and country , of landscape and architecture ; and it is a wholly happy and admirable fact that men have conceived it as quite different according to their different individual traditions and tastes .", "but while all have realised that it was a stable , not so many have realised that it was a cave .", "some critics have even been so silly as to suppose that there was some contradiction between the stable and the cave ; in which case they cannot know much about caves or stables in palestine .", "as they see differences that are not there , it is needless to add that they do not see differences that are there .", "when a well - known critic says , for instance , that christ being born in a rocky cavern is like mithras having sprung alive out of a rock , it sounds like a parody upon comparative religion .", "there is such a thing as the point of a story , even if it is a story in the sense of a lie .", "and the notion of a hero appearing , like pallas from the brain of zeus , mature and without a mother , is obviously the very opposite of the idea of a god being born like an ordinary baby and entirely dependent on a mother .", "whichever ideal we might prefer , we should surely see that they are contrary ideals .", "it is as stupid to connect them because they both contain a substance called stone as to identify the punishment of the deluge with the baptism in the jordan because they both contain a substance called water .", "whether as a myth or a mystery , christ was obviously conceived as born in a hole in the rocks primarily because it marked the position of one outcast and homeless .", "nevertheless it is true , as i have said , that the cave has not been so commonly or so clearly used as a symbol as the other realities that surrounded the first christmas .", "we all know that the popular presentation of this popular story , in so many miracle plays and carols , has given to the shepherds the costumes , the language , and the landscape of the separate english and european countrysides .", "we all know that one shepherd will talk in a somerset dialect or another talk of driving his sheep from conway towards clyde .", "most of us know by this time how true is that error , how wise , how artistic , how intensely christian and catholic is that anachronism .", "but some who have seen it in these scenes of medieval rusticity have perhaps not seen it in another sort of poetry , which it is sometimes the fashion to call artificial rather than artistic .", "i fear that many modern critics will see only a faded classicism in the fact that men like crashaw and herrick conceived the shepherds of bethlehem under the form of the shepherds of virgil .", "yet they were profoundly right ; and in turning their bethlehem play into a latin eclogue they took up one of the most important links in human history .", "virgil , as we have already seen , does stand for all that saner heathenism that had over - thrown the insane heathenism of human sacrifice ; but the very fact that even the virgilian virtues and the sane heathenism were in incurable decay is the whole problem to which the revelation to the shepherds is the solution .", "if the world had ever had the chance to grow weary of being demoniac , it might have been healed merely by becoming sane .", "but if it had grown weary even of being sane , what was to happen , except what did happen ?", "nor is it false to conceive the arcadian shepherd of the eclogues as rejoicing in what did happen .", "one of the eclogues has even been claimed as a prophecy of what did happen .", "but it is quite as much in the tone and incidental diction of the great poet that we feel the potential sympathy with the great event ; and even in their own human phrases the voices of the virgilian shepherds might more than once have broken upon more than the tenderness of italy ` incipe , parve puer , risu cognoscere matrem . '", "they might have found in that strange place all that was best in the last traditions of the latins ; and something better than a wooden idol standing up for ever for the pillar of the human family ; a household god .", "but they and all the other mythologists would be justified in rejoicings that the event had fulfilled not merely the mysticism but the materialism of mythology .", "mythology had many sins ; but it had not been wrong in being as carnal as the incarnation .", "but something of the ancient voice that was supposed to have rung through the graves , it could cry again , ' we have seen , he hath seen us , a visible god . '", "so the ancient shepherds might have danced , and their feet have been beautiful upon the mountains , rejoicing over the philosophers .", "but the philosophers had also heard .", "there were solitudes beyond where none shall follow .", "there were secrets in the inmost and invisible part of that drama that have no symbol in speech ; or in any severance of a man from men .", "nor is it easy for any words less stark and single - minded than those of the naked narrative even to hint at the horror of exaltation that lifted itself above the hill .", "endless expositions have not come to the end of it , or even to the beginning .", "and if there be any sound that can produce a silence , we may surely be silent about the end and the extremity ; when a cry was driven out of that darkness in words dreadfully distinct and dreadfully unintelligible , which man shall never understand in all the eternity they have purchased for him ; and for one annihilating instant an abyss that is not for our thoughts had opened even in the unity of the absolute ; and god had been forsaken of god .", "what the denouncer of dogma really means is not that dogma is bad ; but rather that dogma is too good to be true .", "that is , he means that dogma is too liberal to be likely .", "dogma gives man too much freedom when it permits him to fall .", "dogma gives even god too much freedom when it permits him to die .", "that is what the intelligent sceptics ought to say ; and it is not in the least my intention to deny that there is something to be said for it .", "they mean that the universe is itself a universal prison ; that existence itself is a limitation and a control ; and it is not for nothing that they call causation a chain .", "in a word , they mean quite simply that they cannot believe these things ; not in the least that they are unworthy of belief .", "we say not lightly but very literally , that the truth has made us free .", "they say that it makes us so free that it cannot be the truth .", "to them it is like believing in fairyland to believe in such freedom as we enjoy .", "it is like believing in men with wings to entertain the fancy of men with wills .", "it is like accepting a fable about a squirrel in conversation with a mountain to believe in a man who is free to ask or a god who is free to answer .", "this is a manly and a rational negation for which i for one shall always show respect .", "but i decline to show any respect for those who first of all clip the wings and cage the squirrel , rivet the chains and refuse the freedom , close all the doors of the cosmic prison on us with a clang of eternal iron , tell us that our emancipation is a dream and our dungeon a necessity ; and then calmly turn round and tell us they have a freer thought and a more liberal theology .", "it is rather more obvious in the case of the renaissance , simply because the period is so much nearer to us and people know so much more about it .", "but there is more even in that example than most people know .", "apart from the particular controversies which i wish to reserve for a separate study , the period was far more chaotic that those controversies commonly imply .", "when protestants call latimer a martyr to protestantism , and catholics reply that campion was a martyr to catholicism , it is often forgotten that many who perished in such persecutions could only be described as martyrs to atheism or anarchism or even diabolism .", "that world was almost as wild as our own ; the men wandering about in it included the sort of man who says there is no god , the sort of man who says he is himself god , the sort of man who says something that nobody can make head or tail of .", "if we could have the conversation of the age following the renaissance , we should probably be shocked by its shameless negations .", "the remarks attributed to marlowe are probably pretty typical of the talk in many intellectual taverns .", "the transition from pre - reformation to post - reformation europe was through a void of very yawning questions ; yet again in the long run the answer was the same .", "it was one of those moments when , as christ walked on the water , so was christianity walking in the air .", "there are people who say they wish christianity to remain as a spirit .", "they mean , very literally , that they wish it to remain as a ghost .", "but it is not going to remain as a ghost .", "what follows this process of apparent death is not the lingerings of the shade ; it is the resurrection of the body .", "these people are quite prepared to shed pious and reverential tears over the sepulchre of the son of man ; what they are not prepared for is the son of god walking once more upon the hills of morning .", "these people , and indeed most people , were indeed by this time quite accustomed to the idea that the old christian candle - light would fade into the light of common day .", "to many of them it did quite honestly appear like that pale yellow flame of a candle when it is left burning in daylight .", "it was all the more unexpected , and therefore all the more unmistakable , that the seven branched candle - stick suddenly towered to heaven like a miraculous tree and flamed until the sun turned pale .", "but other ages have seen the day conquer the candle - light and then the candle - light conquer the day .", "again and again , before our time , men have grown content with a diluted doctrine .", "and again and again there has followed on that dilution , coming as out of the darkness in a crimson cataract , the strength of the red original wine .", "and we only say once more to - day as has been said many times by our fathers : ` long years and centuries ago our fathers or the founders of our people drank , as they dreamed , of the blood of god .", "long years and centuries have passed since the strength of that giant vintage has been anything but a legend of the age of giants .", "centuries ago already is the dark time of the second fermentation , when the wine of catholicism turned into the vinegar of calvinism .", "long since that bitter drink has been itself diluted ; rinsed out and washed away by the waters of oblivion and the wave of the world .", "never did we think to taste again even that bitter tang of sincerity and the spirit , still less the richer and the sweeter strength of the purple vineyards in our dreams of the age of gold .", "day by day and year by year we have lowered our hopes and lessened our convictions ; we have grown more and more used to seeing those vats and vineyards overwhelmed in the water - floods and the last savour and suggestion of that special element fading like a stain of purple upon a sea of grey .", "we have grown used to dilution , to dissolution , to a watering down that went on for ever .", "but ' thou hast kept the good wine until now . '", "' the english localization of sora by ωth , as it has poorly - written dialogue and noticeable moments of idiot programming .", "fans of suguri aren ' t happy about these unfortunate turn of events , especially considering the suguri series were first localized by rockin ' android .", "the outro of the human campaign of warcraft iii reign of chaos .", "arthas announces that : \" this kingdom will fall , and from its ashes a new order will rise that will shake the very foundation of the world \" .", "apparently , the idiot who translated it into russian managed to confuse \" shake \" with \" shape \" , as arthas says \" . . . wil become the foundation of the world \" .", "somewhere along the ionian coast opposite crete and the islands was a town of some sort , probably of the sort that we should call a village or hamlet with a wall .", "it was called ilion but it came to be called troy , and the name will never perish from the earth .", "a poet who may have been a beggar and a ballad - monger , who may have been unable to read and write , and was described by tradition as a blind , composed a poem about the greeks going to war with this town to recover the most beautiful woman in the world .", "that the most beautiful woman in the world lived in that one little town sounds like a legend ; that the most beautiful poem in the world was written by somebody who knew of nothing larger than such little towns is a historical fact .", "it is said that the poem came at the end of the period ; that the primitive culture brought it forth in its decay ; in which case one would like to have seen that culture in its prime .", "but anyhow it is true that this , which is our first poem , might very well be our last poem too .", "it might well be the last word as well as the first word spoken by man about his mortal lot , as seen by merely mortal vision .", "if the world becomes pagan and perishes , the last man left alive would do well to quote the iliad and die .", "in nothing is this new history needed so much as in the psychology of war .", "our history is stiff with official documents , public or private , which tell us nothing of the thing itself .", "at the worst we only have the official posters , which could not have been spontaneous precisely because they were official .", "at the best we have only the secret diplomacy , which could not have been popular precisely because it was secret .", "upon one or other of these is based the historical judgement about the real reasons that sustained the struggle .", "governments fight for colonies or commercial rights ; governments fight about harbours or high tariffs ; governments fight for a gold mine or a pearl fishery .", "it seems sufficient to answer that governments do not fight at all .", "why do the fighters fight ?", "what is the psychology that sustains the terrible and wonderful thing called a war ?", "nobody who knows anything of soldiers believes the silly notion of the dons , that millions of men can be ruled by force .", "if they were all to slack , it would be impossible to punish all the slackers and the least little touch of slacking would lose a whole campaign in half a day .", "what did men really feel about the policy ?", "if it be said that they accepted the policy from the politician , what did they feel about the politician ?", "if the vassals warred blindly for their prince what did those blind men see in their prince ?", "looking around him by this unique light , as lonely as the literal flame that he alone has kindled , this demigod or demon of the visible world makes that world visible .", "he sees around him a world of a certain style or type .", "it seems to proceed by certain rules or at least repetitions .", "he sees a green architecture that builds itself without visible hands ; but which builds itself into a very exact plan or pattern , like a design already drawn in the air by an invisible finger .", "it is not , as is now vaguely suggested , a vague thing .", "it is not a growth or a groping of blind life .", "each seeks an end ; a glorious and radiant end , even for every daisy or dandelion we see in looking across the level of a common field .", "in the very shape of things there is more than green growth ; there is the finality of the flower .", "it is a world of crowns .", "this impression , whether or no it be an illusion , has so profoundly influenced this race of thinkers and masters of the material world , that the vast majority have been moved to take a certain view of that world .", "they have concluded , rightly or wrongly , that the world had a plan as the tree seemed to have a plan ; and an end and crown like the flower .", "but so long as the race of thinkers was able to think , it was obvious that the admission of this idea of a plan brought with it another thought more thrilling and even terrible .", "there was someone else , some strange and unseen being , who had designed these things , if indeed they were designed .", "there was a stranger who was also a friend ; a mysterious benefactor who had been before them and built up the woods and hills for their coming , and had kindled the sunrise against their rising , as a servant kindles a fire .", "now this idea of a mind that gives a meaning to the universe has received more and more confirmation within the minds of men , by meditations and experiences much more subtle and searching than any such argument about the external plan of the world .", "but i am concerned here with keeping the story in its most simple and even concrete terms ; and it is enough to say here that most men , including the wisest men , have come to the conclusion that the world has such a final purpose and therefore such a first cause .", "but most men in some sense separated themselves from the wisest men , when it came to the treatment of that idea .", "there came into existence two ways of treating that idea , which between them made up most of the religious history of the world .", "the majority , like the minority , had this strong sense of a second meaning in things ; of a strange master who knew the secret of the world .", "but the majority , the mob or mass of men , naturally tended to treat it rather in the spirit of gossip .", "the gossip , like all gossip , contained a great deal of truth and falsehood .", "the world began to tell itself tales about the unknown being or his sons or servants or messengers .", "some of the tales may truly be called old wives ' tales ; as professing only to be very remote memories of the morning of the world ; myths about the baby moon or the half - baked mountains .", "some of them might more truly be called travellers ' tales ; as being curious but contemporary tales brought from certain borderlands of experience ; such as miraculous cures or those that bring whispers of what has happened to the dead .", "many of them are probably true tales ; enough of them are probably true to keep a person of real commonsense more or less conscious that there really is something rather marvellous behind the cosmic curtain .", "but in a sense it is only going by appearances ; even if the appearances are called apparitions .", "it is a matter of appearances - - and disappearances .", "at the most these gods are ghosts ; that is , they are glimpses .", "for most of us they are rather gossip about glimpses .", "and for the rest , the whole world is full of rumours , most of which are almost avowedly romances .", "the great majority of the tales about gods and ghosts and the invisible king are told , if not for the sake of the tale , at least for the sake of the topic .", "they are evidence of the eternal interest of the theme ; they are not evidence of anything else , and they are not meant to be .", "they are mythology or the poetry that is not bound in books - - or bound in any other way .", "in maximum tune 4 onwards , your reward for clearing story mode twice is the 10 outrun mode soundtrack .", "or , according to the album jacket shown when you unlock this soundtrack : \" sound of ten persons pulling out mode . \"", "◊ probably the release i really and truly felt the most of any that came out in 2015 . it ' s a four - song ep , but as an aesthetic statement of purpose , it ' s as weighty as any album i heard this year .", "the soul , the smarts , the wounded swagger .", "this is just pure rough rock - and - soul attitude filtered through an at times dauntingly complex sophisto - pop aesthetic .", "and vocals to melt your heart and cut through whatever distraction might be unfairly monopolizing your spirit on a given day .", "this just kicks so , so , so much ass .", "zooid just keep pushing .", "one of the most insular bands on earth , and one of the most fascinating to stand outside of and cast one ' s listening gaze upon .", "i heard this music at roulette a year ago , and it seemed like a new high bar for the group .", "the album completely does the set justice .", "so much beautiful detail , either when the band is cooking in its trademark oblique - chamber - funk mode or stripping back for mini sonic dioramas of curious detail and staunch refinement .", "oddities and wonders abound , and they ' re only amplified by heightened attention .", "when you put on a zooid record , you listen , and you listen to the members of zooid listening , each playing their part in threadgill ' s imaginative wonderland .", "not a new band , but a new one to me .", "mainstays of the warped tour scene and exponents of an emo offshoot that ' s near and dear to my heart and probably best exemplified by say anything ' s 2004 masterwork , … is a real boy .", "hugely passionate and anthemic pop - oriented rock music with a belt - to - the - rafters theatrical bent and an undercurrent of showy self - laceration .", "this album is totally , knowingly over - the - top and , if you ' re as into this sound as i am , eminently replayable .", "i saw these two play duets at the stone last year , and the chemistry was lacking .", "they find a groove on this album simply by coexisting .", "this is basically an ambient release , elevated above the mundane by the primeval thump of one of the mightiest and most mysterious percussionists on earth , and laswell ' s melodic and textural know - how , which can blur into wallpaper - ism but here seems subtle and right and soothing and benevolent .", "to me , this is a logical sequel to sonny sharrock ' s guitar ( one of my very favorite records of all time ) , and not just because a ) there ' s a track named for sonny here and b ) laswell produced guitar .", "mystical , swirling , churning tone baths .", "i ' m not an elo completist , but i aspire to be one someday .", "jeff lynne ' s lifelong project , i . e . , crafting beatlesque pop music of limitless accessibility that doesn ' t apologize for its sly surreality and lyrical eccentricity , is a worthy one , and judging by this album , and by the outstanding live show i saw at irving plaza last month , he ' s still operating at a very high level .", "there are a handful of songs here ( \" when i was a boy , \" \" one step at a time \" ) that feel like future greatest hits , which , given the depth the elo greatest - hit pool , is really saying something .", "another release with a kind of fierce beauty and interiority to it , but while the voice coils ep is all about high - wire ensemble dazzlement , this is stripped back and close to the bone .", "a simple description of what meltframe is — meditation on and deconstruction of melody — feels way too clinical .", "this is an album that sings with emotion .", "a personal language on a common instrument , spoken plainly — sort of the rule for how all jazz ought to feel but rarely does .", "all the approaches to the gorgeous and carefully selected source material work equally well : harsh , subdued , dense / effects - heavy , sparse / unadorned or one melting gradually into the other .", "a debut album that sets forth a strikingly well - formed band concept .", "shades of killing joke , motörhead , recent prong and , yes , mid - to - late - period voivod ( that band ' s michel \" away \" langevin is tau cross ' s drummer ) .", "gloom - painted postpunk – meets - thrash - meets – hard rock with outstanding hooks and tons of variety ; surprisingly , the folky tracks work as well as the ragers .", "rob \" the baron \" miller ' s impassioned delivery brings real grizzled pathos .", "further thoughts here .", "there ' s apparently some sort of subgenre - oriented skin - shedding going on with this record — hardcore - gone - shoegaze , i believe — but since i ' m not familiar with title fight ' s past work , i ' m taking this at face value .", "hyperview is simply a lush and enveloping melodic indie - rock album , undergirded with post - hardcore muscle and glistening with a melancholy emotional mist .", "the color field of guitars and the raw - throated cries that burst out from beneath them lead to a kind of mood - drunkenness that ' s a pleasure to get lost in .", "it helps that the songs themselves are as strong as the atmosphere .", "big share laddio bolocko ' s nyc - via – st . louis trajectory , as well as their wide - open conception of what rock - based post - hardcore music can sound and feel like .", "another laswell production , and a balletic , rumbling behemoth of a comeback album .", "everything about before ever after sounds to me like an improvement on the already - intriguing formula that big advanced on their late - ’ 80s / early - ’ 90s work .", "can ' t wait to see where they go from here .", "this album didn ' t top my 2015 jazz ballot , but if i were casting said vote right now instead of a few weeks back , it probably would .", "the bad plus joshua redman is a near - perfect record , an exemplary illustration of everything we already know the bad plus does well — at this point , their sonic fingerprint is as instantly recognizable as that of , say , the who — given a smart tweak / kick - in - the - ass via the presence of a contemporary tenor - saxophone master .", "this quartet was already great four years ago , but here , there ' s a sense of shared purpose that feels hard - earned through hours and hours spent together onstage .", "instantly memorable compositions , performances that move with convincing emotional purpose and with utmost concern for the musical material at hand , whether it ' s crisp , refined and determinedly melodic or sprawling , choppy and , well , determinedly melodic .", "jazz always needs more song - focus , more band - focus , and the bad plus keep showing us how handsomely those philosophies can pay off .", "here , they have some very able assistance .", "not really measuring by length here , but this is the 2015 \" epic \" for me .", "so yes , maybe i ' m getting in a small dig at kamasi washington ' s the epic there ( and also , more explicitly , in the stanley cowell blurb linked above ) .", "the epic certainly wasn ' t an album i disliked , but nor was it was one i connected with on any deep level .", "i heard glossy , tastefully updated retro bombast with strong melodies , some truly ass - kicking post - coltrane / turbo - bop moments and long stretches of not - much - happening .", "i ' d hold up any of the jazz albums listed above as far better examples of \" where jazz is at \" than the epic any day .", "but then again … the kamasi - wave wasn ' t really about kamasi .", "it was about washington ' s role in this thorny masterpiece , which topped every poll both because of its sociopolitical urgency in a year where the topics lamar dealt with on to pimp … were not only impossible to ignore but impossible not to despair over , and because , well , it was an enthralling lp , period , a searing self - interrogation that balanced every menacing boast with a choked - up sniffle .", "everyone seemed to want to tell me that the album i just described was actually d ' angelo ' s black messiah .", "i didn ' t quite connect with that one , either , but i believed every last second of this .", "same goes for this .", "i like iron maiden , which seems weird to say , since they ' re a band beloved by their fan base in an uniquely rabid way and ignored by pretty much everyone else .", "honestly , i just don ' t know the catalog that well , but the book of souls was an instant \" yes , please \" for me .", "i love the way the visceral , bottom - heavy production sound combines with bruce dickinson ' s heroic yet endearingly strained - sounding vocals , and i love how itself this band remains , how committed they sound to this thing called metal that is really , for them , simply iron maiden music .", "like the black star riders album , the book of souls rocks in a timeless way .", "i didn ' t once make it through the entire lp in a single sitting , but whenever i checked in with it — from archetypal single \" speed of light \" to that hammy yet genuinely touching 18 - minute finale , \" empire of the clouds \" — i felt uplifted and inspired .", "the only reason this one wasn ' t on here before is that i hadn ' t yet had a chance to spend good time with it .", "as with elo , i ' m not a killing joke completist , but i aspire to be one .", "i adored kj ' s 2010 album , absolute dissent , but sort of slept on 2012 ' s mmxii .", "i need to go back and remedy that , because this new one is another monster .", "menace , beauty , relentless momentum , enthralling texture .", "few bands can conjure such a pervasive , well - shaded sensation of gloom .", "namechecked below but deserves a special shout - out .", "what i love about newer napalm death is , paradoxically , how clean it sounds .", "the current incarnation of this band is miles away from state - of - the - art extremity ; by comparison , the revenge album above makes 2015 napalm ( at least the recorded version ) sound like chuck berry .", "but i ' m fascinated by the way they ' ve refined their craft for maximum accessibility and coherence , while remaining committed to speed and abrasiveness , and a genuine sense of purgative rage , embodied by barney greenway .", "you can hear everything that ' s going on in this music , and there ' s great care taken in the composition , pacing , mood .", "extremity isn ' t really the issue : napalm death is , at this point simply , a great , adventurous rock band .", "with such \" gems \" as \" defeat dragon ?", "if so , teach you \" and \" death god has key to neighbor , \" one wonders what the hell they were on .", "there is also a theory that the recurring ice summon shiva was actually supposed to be called shiver , and was mistranslated with the name of a hindu god that doesn ' t really fit ( apart from being male - though hindu deities are technically genderless - hindu shiva has nothing to do with ice whatsoever ) .", "the english translation also had problems with attacks that were actually in english in the first place : for example , ' speed star ' was translated as swift , despite the fact that it has stars all over the place , but sky attack is also worth mentioning , since due to it being translated the way it was , the user just glows randomly in its first turn .", "that ' s because its original name was ' god bird ' ( likely changed due to nintendo of america not wanting religious references in its games at first ) .", "dear god , almost every line that is longer than 3 words is wonkily translated .", "in fact , there are a few instances where not only is the translation is wrong , but the formatting is wrong .", "on one stage , there are 2 lines , both of which are very long and don ' t have linebreaks , causing each line to go all the way across and off the screen .", "this seems to have become less of a problem from maximum tune 4 onwards , but some typos and grammatical errors still exist in places .", "but i have begun this story in the cave , like the cave of the speculations of plato , because it is a sort of model of the mistake of merely evolutionary introductions and prefaces .", "it is useless to begin by saying that everything was slow and smooth and a mere matter of development and degree .", "for in the plain matter like the pictures there is in fact not a trace of any such development or degree .", "monkeys did not begin pictures and men finish them ; pithecanthropus did not draw a reindeer badly and homo sapiens draw it well .", "the higher animals did not draw better and better portraits ; the dog did not paint better in his best period than in his early bad manner as a jackal ; the wild horse was not an impressionist and the race - horse a post - impressionist .", "all we can say of this notion of reproducing things in shadow or representative shape is that it exists nowhere in nature except in man ; and that we cannot even talk about it without treating man as something separate from nature .", "in other words , every sane sort of history must begin with man as man , a thing standing absolute and alone .", "how he came there , or indeed how anything else came there , is a thing for theologians and philosophers and scientists and not for historians .", "but an excellent test case of this isolation and mystery is the matter of the impulse of art .", "this creature was truly different from all other creatures ; because he was a creator as well as a creature .", "nothing in that sense could be made in any other image but the image of man .", "but the truth is so true that , even in the absence of any religious belief , it must be assumed in the form of some moral or metaphysical principle .", "in the next chapter we shall see how this principle applies to all the historical hypotheses and evolutionary ethics now in fashion ; to the origins of tribal government or mythological belief .", "but the clearest and most convenient example to start with is this popular one of what the cave - man really did in his cave .", "it means that somehow or other a new thing had appeared in the cavernous night of nature , a mind that is like a mirror .", "it is like a mirror because it is truly a thing of reflection .", "it is like a mirror because in it alone all the other shapes can be seen like shining shadows in a vision .", "above all , it is like a mirror because it is the only thing of its kind .", "other things may resemble it or resemble each other in various ways ; other things may excel it or excel each other in various ways ; just as in the furniture of a room a table may be round like a mirror or a cupboard may be larger than a mirror .", "but the mirror is the only thing that can contain them all .", "man is the microcosm ; man is the measure of all things ; man is the image of god these are the only real lessons to be learnt in the cave , and it is time to leave it for the open road .", "it is not natural to see man as a natural product .", "it is not common sense to call man a common object of the country or the seashore .", "it is not seeing straight to see him as an animal .", "it is not sane .", "it sins against the light ; against that broad daylight of proportion which is the principle of all reality .", "it is reached by stretching a point , by making out a case , by artificially selecting a certain light and shade , by bringing into prominence the lesser or lower things which may happen to be similar .", "the solid thing standing in the sunlight , the thing we can walk round and see from all sides , is quite different .", "it is also quite extraordinary , and the more sides we see of it the more extraordinary it seems .", "it is emphatically not a thing that follows or flows naturally from anything else .", "if we imagine that an inhuman or impersonal intelligence could have felt from the first the general nature of the non - human world sufficiently to see that things would evolve in whatever way they did evolve , there would have been nothing whatever in all that natural world to prepare such a mind for such an unnatural novelty .", "to such a mind , man would most certainly not have seemed something like one herd out of a hundred herds finding richer pasture , or one swallow out of a hundred swallows making a summer under a strange sky .", "it would not be in the same scale and scarcely in the same dimension .", "we might as truly say that it would not be in the same universe .", "it would be more like seeing one cow out of a hundred cows suddenly jump over the moon or one pig out of a hundred pigs grow wings in a flash and fly .", "it would not be a question of the cattle finding their own grazing ground but of their building their own cattle - sheds , not a question of one swallow making a summer but of his making a summer house .", "for the very fact that birds do build nests is one of those similarities that sharpen the startling difference .", "the very fact that a bird can get as far as building a nest , and cannot get any farther , proves that he has not a mind as man has a mind ; it proves it more completely than if he built nothing at all .", "if he built nothing at all , he might possibly be a philosopher of the quietist or buddhistic school , indifferent to all but the mind within .", "but when he builds as he does build and is satisfied and sings aloud with satisfaction , then we know there is really an invisible veil like a pane of glass between him and us , like the window on which a bird will beat in vain .", "but suppose our abstract onlooker saw one of the birds begin to build as men build .", "suppose in an incredibly short space of time there were seven styles of architecture for one style of nest .", "suppose the bird carefully selected forked twigs and pointed leaves to express the piercing piety of gothic , but turned to broad foliage and black mud when he sought in a darker mood to call up the heavy columns of bel and ashtaroth ; making his nest indeed one of the hanging gardens of babylon .", "suppose the bird made little clay statues of birds celebrated in letters or politics and stuck them up in front of the nest .", "suppose that one bird out of a thousand birds began to do one of the thousand things that man had already done even in the morning of the world ; and we can be quite certain that the onlooker would not regard such a bird as a mere evolutionary variety of the other birds ; he would regard it as a very fearful wild - fowl indeed ; possibly as a bird of ill - omen , certainly as an omen .", "that bird would tell the augurs , not of something that would happen , but of some thing that had happened .", "that something would be the appearance of a mind with a new dimension of depth ; a mind like that of man .", "if there be no god , no other mind could conceivably have foreseen it .", "i was once escorted over the roman foundations of an ancient british city by a professor , who said something that seems to me a satire on a good many other professors .", "possibly the professor saw the joke , though he maintained an iron gravity , and may or may not have realised that it was a joke against a great deal of what is called comparative religion .", "i pointed out a sculpture of the head of the sun with the usual halo of rays , but with the difference that the face in the disc , instead of being boyish like apollo , was bearded like neptune or jupiter . '", "yes , ' he said with a certain delicate exactitude , ' that is supposed to represent the local god sul .", "the best authorities identify sul with minerva , but this has been held to show that the identification is not complete . '", "in the days of my youth the religion of humanity was a term commonly applied to comtism , the theory of certain rationalists who worshipped corporate mankind as a supreme being .", "even in the days of my youth , i remarked that there was something slightly odd about despising and dismissing the doctrine of the trinity as a mystical and even maniacal contradiction ; and then asking us to adore a deity who is a hundred million persons in one god , neither confounding the persons nor dividing the substance .", "in this sketch of religious history , with all decent deference to men much more learned than myself , i propose to cut across and disregard this modern method of classification , which i feel sure has falsified the facts of history .", "i shall here submit an alternative classification of religion or religions , which i believe would be found to cover all the facts and , what is quite as important here , all the fancies .", "instead of dividing religion geographically and as it were vertically , into christian , moslem , brahmin , buddhist , and so on , i would divide it psychologically and in some sense horizontally ; into the strata of spiritual elements and influences that could sometimes exist in the same country , or even in the same man .", "putting the church apart for the moment , i should be disposed to divide the natural religion of the mass of mankind under such headings as these : god ; the gods ; the demons ; the philosophers .", "i believe some such classification will help us to sort out the spiritual experiences of men much more successfully than the conventional business of comparing religions ; and that many famous figures will naturally fall into their place in this way who are only forced into their place in the other .", "as i shall make use of these titles or terms more than once in narrative and allusion , it will be well to define at this stage for what i mean them to stand .", "and i will begin with the first , the simplest and the most sublime , in this chapter .", "in short , there is a feeling that there is something higher than the gods ; but because it is higher it is also further away .", "not yet could even virgil have read the riddle and the paradox of that other divinity , who is both higher and nearer .", "for them what was truly divine was very distant , so distant that they dismissed it more and more from their minds .", "it had less and less to do with the mere mythology of which i shall write later .", "yet even in this there was a sort of tacit admission of its intangible purity , when we consider what most of the mythologies like .", "as the jews would not degrade it by images , so the greeks did not degrade it even by imaginations .", "when the gods were more and more remembered only by pranks and profligacies , it was relatively a movement of reverence .", "it was an act of piety to forget god .", "in other words , there is something in the whole tone of the time suggesting that men had accepted a lower level , and still were half conscious that it was a lower level .", "it is hard to find words for these things ; yet the one really just word stands ready .", "these men were conscious of the fall if they were conscious of nothing else ; and the same is true of an heathen humanity .", "those who have fallen may remember the fall , even when they forget the height .", "some such tantalising blank or break in memory is at the back of all pagan sentiment .", "there is such a thing as the momentary power to remember that we forget .", "and the most ignorant of humanity know by the very look of earth that they have forgotten heaven .", "but it remains true that even for these men there were moments , like the memories of childhood , when they heard themselves talking with a simpler language ; there were moments when the roman , like virgil in the line already quoted , cut his way with a sword - stroke of song out of the tangle of the mythologies , the motley mob of gods and goddesses sank suddenly out of sight and the sky - father was alone in the sky .", "this latter example is very relevant to the next step in the process .", "a white light as of a lost morning still lingers on the figure of jupiter , of pan or of the elder apollo ; and it may well be , as already noted , that each was once a divinity as solitary as jehovah or allah .", "they lost this lonely universality by a process it is here very necessary to note ; a process of amalgamation very like what was afterwards called syncretism .", "the whole pagan world set itself to build a pantheon .", "they admitted more and more gods , gods not only of the greeks but of the barbarians ; gods not only of europe but of asia and africa .", "the more the merrier , though some of the asian and african ones were not very merry .", "they admitted them to equal thrones with their own , sometimes they identified them with their own .", "they may have regarded it as an enrichment of their religious life ; but it meant the final loss of all that we now call religion .", "it meant that ancient light of simplicity , that had a single source like the sun , finally fades away in a dazzle of conflicting lights and colours .", "god is really sacrificed to the gods ; in a very literal sense of the flippant phrase , they have been too many for him .", "polytheism , therefore , was really a sort of pool ; in the sense of the pagans having consented to the pooling of their pagan religions .", "and this point is very important in many controversies ancient and modern .", "it is regarded as a liberal and enlightened thing to say that the god of the stranger may be as good as our own ; and doubtless the pagans thought themselves very liberal and enlightened when they agreed to add to the gods of the city or the hearth some wild and fantastic dionysus coming down from the mountains or some shaggy and rustic pan creeping out of the woods .", "but exactly what it lost by these larger ideas is the largest idea of all .", "it is the idea of the fatherhood that makes the whole world one .", "and the converse is also true .", "doubtless those more antiquated men of antiquity who clung to their solitary statues and their single sacred names were regarded as superstitious savages benighted and left behind .", "but these superstitious savages were preserving something that is much more like the cosmic power as conceived by philosophy , or even as conceived by science .", "this paradox by which the rude reactionary was a sort of prophetic progressive has one consequence very much to the point .", "in a purely historical sense , and apart from any other controversies in the same connection , it throws a light , a single and a steady light , that shines from the beginning on a little and lonely people .", "in this paradox , as in some riddle of religion of which the answer was sealed up for centuries , lies the mission and the meaning of the jews .", "two facts follow from this psychology of day - dreams , which must be kept in mind throughout their development in mythologies and even religions .", "first , these imaginative impressions are often strictly local .", "so far from being abstractions turned into allegories , they are often images almost concentrated into idols .", "the poet feels the mystery of a particular forest ; not of the science of afforestation or the department of woods and forests .", "he worships the peak of a particular mountain , not the abstract idea of altitude .", "so we find the god is not merely water but often one special river ; he may be the sea because the sea is single like a stream ; the river that runs round the world .", "ultimately doubtless many deities are enlarged into elements ; but they are something more than omnipresent .", "apollo does not merely dwell wherever the sun shines ; his home is on the rock of delphi .", "diana is great enough to be in three places at once , earth and heaven and hell , but greater is diana of the ephesians .", "this localised feeling has its lowest form in the mere fetish or talisman , such as millionaires put on their motor - cars .", "but it can also harden into something like a high and serious religion , where it is connected with high and serious duties ; into the gods of the city or even the gods of the hearth .", "as already noted , this does not mean that there was no reality or even no religious sentiment in such a mood .", "as a matter of fact the catholic church has taken over with uproarious success the whole of this popular business of giving people local legends and lighter ceremonial movements .", "in so far as all this sort of paganism was innocent and in touch with nature , there is no reason why it should not be patronised by patron saints as much as by pagan gods .", "and in any case there are degrees of seriousness in the most natural make - believe .", "there is all the difference between fancying there are fairies in the wood , which often only means fancying a certain wood as fit for fairies , and really frightening ourselves until we walk a mile rather than pass a house we have told ourselves is haunted .", "behind all these things is the fact that beauty and terror are very real things and related to a real spiritual world ; and to touch them at all , even in doubt or fancy , is to stir the deep things of the soul .", "we all understand that and the pagans understood it .", "the point is that paganism did not really stir the soul except with these doubts and fancies , with the consequence that we to - day can have little beyond doubts and fancies about paganism .", "all the best critics agree that all the greatest poets , in pagan hellas for example , had an attitude towards their gods which is quite queer and puzzling to men in the christian era .", "there seems to be an admitted conflict between the god and the man ; but everybody seems to be doubtful about which is the hero and which is the villain .", "this doubt does not merely apply to a doubter like euripides in the bacchae ; it applies to a moderate conservative like sophocles in the antigone ; or even to a regular tory and reactionary like aristophanes in the frogs .", "sometimes it would seem that the greeks believed above all things in reverence , only they had nobody to revere .", "but the point of the puzzle is this , that all this vagueness and variation arise from the fact that the whole thing began in fancy and in dreaming ; and that there are no rules of architecture for a castle in the clouds .", "the substance of all such paganism may be summarised thus .", "it is an attempt to reach the divine reality through the imagination alone ; in its own field reason does not restrain it at all .", "it is vital to view of all history that reason is something separate from religion even in the most rational of these civilisations .", "it is only as an afterthought , when such cults are decadent or on the defensive , that a few neo - platonists or a few brahmins are found trying to rationalise them , and even then only by trying to allegorise them .", "but in reality the rivers of mythology and philosophy run parallel and do not mingle till they meet in the sea of christendom .", "simple secularists still talk as if the church had introduced a sort of schism between reason and religion .", "the truth is that the church was actually the first thing that ever tried to combine reason and religion .", "there had never before been any such union of the priests and the philosophers .", "mythology , then , sought god through the imagination ; or sought truth by means of beauty , in the sense in which beauty includes much of the most grotesque ugliness .", "but the imagination has its own laws and therefore its own triumphs , which neither logicians nor men of science can understand .", "it remained true to that imaginative instinct through a thousand extravagances , through every crude cosmic pantomime of a pig eating the moon or the world being cut out of a cow , through all the dizzy convolutions and mystic malformations of asiatic art , through all the stark and staring rigidity of egyptian and assyrian portraiture , through every kind of cracked mirror of mad art that seemed to deform the world and displace the sky , it remained true to something about which there can be no argument ; something that makes it possible for some artist of some school to stand suddenly still before that particular deformity and say , ' my dream has come true . '", "therefore do we all in fact feel that pagan or primitive myths are infinitely suggestive , so long as we are wise enough not to inquire what they suggest .", "therefore we all feel what is meant by prometheus stealing fire from heaven , until some prig of a pessimist or progressive person explains what it means .", "therefore we all know the meaning of jack and the beanstalk , until we are told .", "in this sense it is true that it is the ignorant who accept myths , but only because it is the ignorant who appreciate poems .", "imagination has its own laws and triumphs ; and a tremendous power began to clothe its images , whether images in the mind or in the mud , whether in the bamboo of the south sea islands or the marble of the mountains of hellas .", "but there was always a trouble in the triumph , which in these pages i have tried to analyse in vain ; but perhaps i might in conclusion state it thus .", "the praying boy may be said to express a need rather than to satisfy a need .", "it is by a normal and necessary action that his hands are lifted ; but it is no less a parable that his hands are empty .", "about the nature of that need there will be more to say ; but at this point it may be said that perhaps after all this true instinct , that player and sacrifice are a liberty and an enlargement , refers back to that vast and half - forgotten conception of universal fatherhood .", "which we have already seen everywhere fading from the morning sky .", "this is true ; and yet it is not all the truth .", "there remains an indestructible instinct , in the poet as represented by the pagan , that he is not entirely wrong in localising his god .", "it is something in the soul of poetry if not of piety .", "and the greatest of poets , when he defined the poet , did not say that he gave us the universe or the absolute or the infinite ; but , in his own larger language , a local habitation and a name .", "no poet is merely a pantheist ; those who are counted most pantheistic , like shelley , start with some local and particular image as the pagans did .", "after all , shelley wrote of the skylark because it was a skylark .", "you could not issue an imperial or international translation of it for use in south america , in which it was changed to an ostrich .", "so the mythological imagination moves as it were in circles , hovering either to find a place or to return to it .", "in a word , mythology is a search ; it is something that combines a recurrent desire with a recurrent doubt , mixing a most hungry sincerity in the idea of seeking for a place with a most dark and deep and mysterious levity about all the places found .", "so far could the lonely imagination lead , and we must turn later to the lonely reason .", "nowhere along this road did the two ever travel together .", "in dealing with the lighter thing called mythology , i have said little about the most disputable aspect of it ; the extent to which such invocation of the spirits of the sea or the elements can indeed call spirits from the vasty deep ; or rather , ( as the shakespearean scoffer put it ) whether the spirits come when they are called .", "i believe that i am right in thinking that this problem , practical as it sounds , did not play a dominant part in the poetical business of mythology .", "but i think it even more obvious , on the evidence , that things of that sort have sometimes appeared , even if they were only appearances .", "but when we come to the world of superstition , in a more subtle sense , there is a shade of difference ; a deepening and a darkening shade .", "doubtless most popular superstition is as frivolous as any popular mythology .", "men do not believe as a dogma that god would throw a thunderbolt at them for walking under a ladder ; more often they amuse themselves with the not very laborious exercise of walking round it .", "there is no more in it than what i have already adumbrated ; a sort of airy agnosticism about the possibilities of so strange a world .", "but there is another sort of superstition that does definitely look for results ; what might be called a realistic superstition .", "and with that the question of whether spirits do answer or do appear becomes much more serious .", "as i have said , it seems to me pretty certain that they sometimes do ; but about that there is a distinction that has been the beginning of much evil in the world .", "whether it be because the fall has really brought men nearer to less desirable neighbours in the spiritual world , or whether it is merely that the mood of men eager or greedy finds it easier to imagine evil , i believe that the black magic of witchcraft has been much more practical and much less poetical than the white magic of mythology .", "i fancy the garden of the witch has been kept much more carefully than the woodland of the nymph .", "i fancy the evil field has even been more fruitful than the good .", "to start with , some impulse , perhaps a sort of desperate impulse , drove men to the darker powers when dealing with practical problems .", "there was a sort of secret and perverse feeling that the darker powers would really do things ; that they had no nonsense about them .", "and indeed that popular phase exactly expresses the point .", "the gods of mere mythology had a great deal of nonsense about them .", "they had a great deal of good nonsense about them ; in the happy and hilarious sense in which we talk of the nonsense of jabberwocky or the land where jumblies live .", "but the man consulting a demon felt as many a man has felt in consulting a detective , especially a private detective ; that it was dirty work but the work would really be done .", "a man did not exactly go into the wood to meet a nymph ; he rather went with the hope of meeting a nymph .", "it was an adventure rather than an assignation .", "but the devil really kept his appointments and even in one sense kept his promises ; even if a man sometimes wished afterwards , like macbeth , that he had broken them .", "in the accounts given us of many rude or savage races we gather that the cult of demons often came after the cult of deities , and even after the cult of one single and supreme deity .", "it may be suspected that in almost all such places the higher deity is felt to be too far off for appeal in certain petty matters , and men invoke the spirits because they are in a more literal sense familiar spirits .", "but with the idea of employing the demons who get things done , a new idea appears more worthy of the demons .", "it may indeed be truly described as the idea of being worthy of the demons ; of making oneself fit for their fastidious and exacting society .", "superstition of the lighter sort toys with the idea that some trifle , some small gesture such as throwing the salt , may touch the hidden spring that works the mysterious machinery of the world .", "and there is after all something in the idea of such an open sesame .", "but with the appeal to lower spirits comes the horrible notion that the gesture must not only be very small but very low ; that it must be a monkey trick of an utterly ugly and unworthy sort .", "sooner or later a man deliberately sets himself to do the most disgusting thing he can think of .", "it is felt that the extreme of evil will extort a sort of attention or answer from the evil powers under the surface of the world .", "this is the meaning of most of the cannibalism in the world .", "for most cannibalism is not a primitive or even a bestial habit .", "it is artificial and even artistic , a sort of art for art ' s sake .", "men do not do it because they do not think it horrible ; but , on the contrary , because they do think it horrible .", "they wish , in the most literal sense , to sup on horrors .", "that is why it is often found that rude races like the australian natives are not cannibals ; while much more refined and intelligent races , like the new zealand maories , occasionally are .", "they are refined and intelligent enough to indulge sometimes in a self - conscious diabolism .", "but if we could understand their minds , or even really understand their language , we should probably find that they were not acting as ignorant , that is as innocent cannibals .", "they are not doing it because they do not think it wrong , but precisely because they do think it wrong .", "they are acting like a parisian decadent at a black mass .", "but the black mass has to hide underground from the presence of the real mass .", "in other words , the demons have really been in hiding since the coming of christ on earth .", "the cannibalism of the higher barbarians is in hiding from the civilisation of the white man .", "but before christendom , and especially outside europe , this was not always so .", "in the ancient world the demons often wandered abroad like dragons .", "they could be positively and publicly enthroned as gods .", "their enormous images could be set up in public temples in the centre of populous cities .", "and all over the world the traces can be found of this striking and solid fact , so curiously overlooked by the moderns who speak of all such evil as primitive and early in evolution , that as a matter of fact some of the very highest civilisations of the world were the very places where the horns of satan were exalted , not only to the stars but in the face of the sun .", "take for example the aztecs and american indians of the ancient empires of mexico and peru .", "they were at least as elaborate as egypt or china and only less lively than that central civilisation which is our own .", "but those who criticise that central civilisation ( which is always their own civilisation ) have a curious habit of not merely doing their legitimate duty in condemning its crimes , but of going out of their way to idealise its victims .", "they always assume that before the advent of europe there was nothing anywhere but eden .", "and swinburne , in that spirited chorus of the nations in ' songs before sunrise , ' used an expression about spain in her south american conquests which always struck me as very strange .", "he said something about ' her sins and sons through sinless lands dispersed , ' and how they ' made accursed the name of man and thrice accursed the name of god . '", "it may be reasonable enough that he should say the spaniards were sinful , but why in the world should he say that the south americans were sinless ?", "why should he have supposed that continent to be exclusively populated by archangels or saints perfect in heaven ?", "it would be a strong thing to say of the most respectable neighbourhood ; but when we come to think of what we really do know of that society the remark is rather funny .", "we know that the sinless priests of this sinless people worshipped sinless gods , who accepted as the nectar and ambrosia of their sunny paradise nothing but incessant human sacrifice accompanied by horrible torments .", "we may note also in the mythology of this american civilisation that element of reversal or violence against instinct of which dante wrote ; which runs backwards everywhere through the unnatural religion of the demons .", "it is notable not only in ethics but in aesthetics .", "a south american idol was made as ugly as possible , as a greek image was made as beautiful as possible .", "they were seeking the secret of power , by working backwards against their own nature and the nature of things .", "there was always a sort of yearning to carve at last , in gold or granite or the dark red timber of the forests , a face at which the sky itself would break like a cracked mirror .", "this inverted imagination produces things of which it is better not to speak .", "some of them indeed might almost be named without being known ; for they are of that extreme evil which seems innocent to the innocent .", "they are too inhuman even to be indecent .", "but without dwelling much longer in these dark corners , it may be noted as not irrelevant here that certain anti - human antagonisms seem to recur in this tradition of black magic .", "there may be suspected as running through it everywhere , for instance , a mystical hatred of the idea of childhood .", "people would understand better the popular fury against the witches , if they remembered that the malice most commonly attributed to them was preventing the birth of children .", "the hebrew prophets were perpetually protesting against the hebrew race relapsing into an idolatry that involved such a war upon children ; and it is probable enough that this abominable apostasy from the god of israel has occasionally appeared in israel since , in the form of what is called ritual murder ; not of course by any representative of the religion of judaism , but by individual and irresponsible diabolists who did happen to be jews .", "this sense that the forces of evil especially threaten childhood is found again in the enormous popularity of the child martyr of the middle ages .", "chaucer did but give another version of a very national english legend , when he conceived the wickedest of all possible witches as the dark alien woman watching behind her high lattice and heading , like the babble of a brook down the stony street , the singing of little st . hugh .", "polytheism , or that aspect of paganism , was never to the pagan what catholicism is to the catholic .", "it was never a view of the universe satisfying all sides of life ; a complete and complex truth with something to say about everything .", "it was only a satisfaction of one side of the soul of man , even if we call it the religious side ; and i think it is truer to call it the imaginative side .", "but this it did satisfy ; in the end it satisfied it to satiety .", "all that world was a tissue of interwoven tales and cults , and there ran in and out of it , as we have already seen , that black thread among its more blameless colours ; the darker paganism that was really diabolism .", "but we all know that this did not mean that all pagan men thought of nothing but pagan gods .", "precisely because mythology only satisfied one mood , they turned in other moods to something totally different .", "but it is very important to realise that it was totally different .", "it was too different to be inconsistent .", "it was so alien that it did not clash .", "while a mob of people were pouring on a public holiday to the feast of adonis or the games in honour of apollo , this or that man would prefer to stop at home and think out a little theory about the nature of things .", "sometimes his hobby would even take the form of thinking about the nature of god ; or even in that sense about the nature of the gods .", "but he very seldom thought of pitting his nature of the gods against the gods of nature .", "but reincarnation is not really a mystical idea .", "it is not really a transcendental idea , or in that sense a religious idea .", "mysticism conceives something transcending experience ; religion seeks glimpses of a better good or a worse evil than experience can give .", "reincarnation need only extend experiences in the sense of repeating them .", "it is no more transcendental for a man to remember what he did in babylon before he was born than to remember what he did in brixton before he had a knock on the head .", "his successive lives need not be any more than human lives , under whatever limitations burden human life .", "it has nothing to do with seeing god or even conjuring up the devil .", "in other words , reincarnation as such does not necessarily escape from the wheel of destiny , in some sense it is the wheel of destiny .", "and whether it was something that buddha founded , or something that buddha found , or something that buddha entirely renounced when he found , it is certainly something having the general character of that asiatic atmosphere in which he had to play his part .", "and the part he played was that of an intellectual philosopher , with a particular theory about the right intellectual attitude towards it .", "it cannot otherwise exist , or at least endure , because mere thought does not remain sane .", "in a sense it becomes too simple to be sane .", "the temptation of the philosophers is simplicity rather than subtlety .", "they are always attracted by insane simplifications , as men poised above abysses are fascinated by death and nothingness and the empty air .", "it needed another kind of philosopher to stand poised upon the pinnacle of the temple and keep his balance without casting himself down .", "one of these obvious , these too obvious explanations is that everything is a dream and a delusion and there is nothing outside the ego .", "another is that all things recur ; another , which is said to be buddhist and is certainly oriental , is the idea that what is the matter with us is our creation , in the sense of our coloured differentiation and personality , and that nothing will be well till we are again melted into one unity .", "by this theory , in short , the creation was the fall .", "it is important historically because it was stored up in the dark heart of asia and went forth at various times in various forms over the dim borders of europe .", "here we can place the mysterious figure of manes or manichaeus , the mystic of inversion , whom we should call a pessimist , parent of many sects and heresies ; here , in a higher place , the figure of zoroaster .", "he has been popularly identified with another of these too simple explanations ; the equality of evil and good , balanced and battling in every atom .", "he also is of the school of sages that may be called mystics ; and from the same mysterious persian garden came upon ponderous wings mithras , the unknown god , to trouble the last twilight of rome .", "in a previous chapter i have hinted at something of the psychology that lies behind a certain type of religion .", "there was a tendency in those hungry for practical results , apart from poetical results , to call upon spirits of terror and compulsion ; to move acheron in despair of bending the gods .", "there is always a sort of dim idea that these darker powers will really do things , with no nonsense about it .", "in the interior psychology of the punic peoples this strange sort of pessimistic practicality had grown to great proportions .", "in the new town , which the romans called carthage , as in the parent cities of phoenicia , the god who got things done bore the name of moloch , who was perhaps identical with the other deity whom we know as baal , the lord .", "the romans did not at first quite know what to call him or what to make of him ; they had to go back to the grossest myth of greek or roman origins and compare him to saturn devouring his children .", "but the worshippers of moloch were not gross or primitive .", "they were members of a mature and polished civilisation , abounding in refinements and luxuries ; they were probably far more civilised than the romans .", "and moloch was not a myth ; or at any rate his meal was not a myth .", "these highly civilised people really met together to invoke the blessing of heaven on their empire by throwing hundreds of their infants into a large furnace .", "we can only realise the combination by imagining a number of manchester merchants with chimney - pot hats and mutton - chop whiskers , going to church every sunday at eleven o ' clock to see a baby roasted alive .", "the gods had risen again , and the demons had been defeated after all .", "but they had been defeated by the defeated , and almost defeated by the dead .", "nobody understands the romance of rome , and why she rose afterwards to a representative leadership that seemed almost fated and fundamentally natural .", "who does not keep in mind the agony of horror and humiliation through which she had continued to testify to the sanity that is the soul of europe ?", "she came to stand alone in the midst of an empire because she had once stood alone in the midst of a ruin and a waste .", "after that all men knew in their hearts that she had been representative of mankind , even when she was rejected of men .", "and there fell on her the shadow from a shining and as yet invisible light and the burden of things to be .", "it is not for us to guess in what manner or moment the mercy of god might in any case have rescued the world ; but it is certain that the struggle which established christendom would have been very different if there had been an empire of carthage instead of an empire of rome .", "we have to thank the patience of the punic wars if , in after ages , divine things descended at least upon human things and not inhuman .", "europe evolved into its own vices and its own impotence , as will be suggested on another page ; but the worst into which it evolved was not like what it had escaped .", "can any man in his senses compare the great wooden doll , whom the children expected to eat a little bit of the dinner , with the great idol who would have been expected to eat the children ?", "that is the measure of how far the world went astray , compared with how far it might have gone astray .", "if the romans were ruthless , it was in a true sense to an enemy , and certainly not merely a rival .", "they remembered not trade routes and regulations , but the faces of sneering men ; and hated the hateful soul of carthage .", "and we owe them something if we never needed to cut down the groves of venus exactly as men cut down the groves of baal .", "we owe it partly to their harshness that our thoughts of our human past are not wholly harsh .", "if the passage from heathenry to christianity was a bridge as well as a breach , we owe it to those who kept that heathenry human .", "if , after all these ages , we are in some sense at peace with paganism , and can think more kindly of our fathers , it is well to remember the things that were and the things that might have been .", "for this reason alone we can take lightly the load of antiquity and need not shudder at a nymph on a fountain or a cupid on a valentine .", "laughter and sadness link us with things long past away and remembered without dishonour ; and we can see not altogether without tenderness the twilight sinking around the sabine farm and hear the household gods rejoice when catullus comes home to sirmio .", "deleta est carthago .", "with a strange rapidity , like the changes of a dream , the proportions of things seemed to change in their presence .", "before most men knew what had happened , these few men were palpably present .", "they were important enough to be ignored .", "people became suddenly silent about them and walked stiffly past them .", "we see a new scene , in which the world has drawn its skirts away from these men and women and they stand in the centre of a great space like lepers .", "the scene changes again and the great space where they stand is overhung on every side with a cloud of witnesses , interminable terraces full of faces looking down towards them intently ; for strange things are happening to them .", "new tortures have been invented for the madmen who have brought good news .", "that sad and weary society seems almost to find a new energy in establishing its first religious persecution .", "nobody yet knows very clearly why that level world has thus lost its balance about the people in its midst ; but they stand unnaturally still while the arena and the world seem to revolve round them .", "and there shone on them in that dark hour a light that has never been darkened ; a white fire clinging to that group like an unearthly phosphorescence , blazing its track through the twilights of history and confounding every effort to confound it with the mists of mythology and theory ; that shaft of light or lightning by which the world itself has struck and isolated and crowned it ; by which its own enemies have made it more illustrious and its own critics have made it more inexplicable ; the halo of hatred around the church of god .", "this sketch of the human story began in a cave ; the cave which popular science associates with the cave - man and in which practical discovery has really found archaic drawings of animals .", "the second half of human history , which was like a new creation of the world , also begins in a cave .", "there is even a shadow of such a fancy in the fact that animals were again present ; for it was a cave used as a stable by the mountaineers of the uplands about bethlehem ; who still drive their cattle into such holes and caverns at night .", "it was here that a homeless couple had crept underground with the cattle when the doors of the crowded caravanserai had been shut in their faces ; and it was here beneath the very feet of the passers - by , in a cellar under the very floor of the world , that jesus christ was born .", "but in that second creation there was indeed something symbolical in the roots of the primeval rock or the horns of the prehistoric herd .", "god also was a cave - man , and had also traced strange shapes of creatures , curiously coloured , upon the wall of the world ; but the pictures that he made had come to life .", "and the thing they found was of a kind with the things they sought .", "the populace had been wrong in many things ; but they had not been wrong in believing that holy things could have a habitation and that divinity need not disdain the limits of time and space .", "and the barbarian who conceived the crudest fancy about the sun being stolen and hidden in a box , or the wildest myth about the god being rescued and his enemy deceived with a stone , was nearer to the secret of the cave and knew more about the crisis of the world , than all those in the circle of cities round the mediterranean who had become content with cold abstractions or cosmopolitan generalisations ; than all those who were spinning thinner and thinner threads of thought out of the transcendentalism of plato or the orientalism of pythagoras .", "the place that the shepherds found was not an academy or an abstract republic , it was not a place of myths allegorised or dissected or explained or explained away .", "it was a place of dreams come true .", "since that hour no mythologies have been made in the world .", "mythology is a search .", "it is still a strange story , though an old one , how they came out of orient lands , crowned with the majesty of kings and clothed with something of the mystery of magicians .", "that truth that is tradition has wisely remembered them almost as unknown quantities , as mysterious as their mysterious and melodious names ; melchior , caspar , balthazar .", "but there came with them all that world of wisdom that had watched the stars in chaldea and the sun in persia ; and we shall not be wrong if we see in them the same curiosity that moves all the sages .", "they would stand for the same human ideal if their names had really been confucius or pythagoras or plato .", "they were those who sought not tales but the truth of things , and since their thirst for truth was itself a thirst for god , they also have had their reward .", "but even in order to understand that reward , we must understand that for philosophy as much as mythology , that reward was the completion of the incomplete .", "we must grasp from the first this character in the new cosmos ; that it was larger than the old cosmos .", "in that sense christendom is larger than creation ; as creation had been before christ .", "it included things that had not been there ; it also included the things that had been there .", "the point happens to be well illustrated in this example of chinese piety , but it would be true of other pagan virtues or pagan beliefs .", "nobody can doubt that a reasonable respect for parents is part of a gospel in which god himself was subject in childhood to earthly parents .", "but the other sense in which the parents were subject to him does introduce an idea that is not confucian .", "the infant christ is not like the infant confucius ; our mysticism conceives him in an immortal infancy .", "i do not know what confucius would have done with the bambino had it come to life in his arms as it did in the arms of st . francis .", "but this is true in relation to all the other religions and philosophies ; it is the challenge of the church .", "the church contains what the world does not contain .", "life itself does not provide as she does for all sides of life .", "that every other single system is narrow and insufficient compared to this one ; that is not a rhetorical boast ; it is a real fact and a real dilemma .", "where is the holy child amid the stoics and the ancestor - worshippers ?", "where is our lady of the moslems , a woman made for no man and set above all angels ?", "where is st . michael of the monks of buddha , rider and master of the trumpets , guarding for every soldier the honour of the sword ?", "what could st . thomas aquinas do with the mythology of brahminism , he who set forth all the science and rationality and even rationalism of christianity ?", "yet even if we compare aquinas with aristotle , at the other extreme of reason , we shall find the same sense of something added .", "aquinas could understand the most logical parts of aristotle ; it is doubtful if aristotle could have understood the most mystical parts of aquinas .", "even where we can hardly call the christian greater , we are forced to call him larger .", "but it is so to whatever philosophy or heresy or modern movement we may turn .", "how would francis the troubadour have fared among the calvinists , or for that matter among the utilitarians of the manchester school ?", "yet men like bossuet and pascal could be as stern and logical as any calvinist or utilitarian .", "how would st . joan of arc , a woman waving on men to war with the sword , have fared among the quakers or the doukhabors or the tolstoyan sect of pacifists ?", "yet any number of catholic saints have spent their lives in preaching peace and preventing wars .", "it is the same with all the modern attempts at syncretism .", "they are never able to make something larger than the creed without leaving something out .", "i do not mean leaving out something divine but something human ; the flag or the inn or the boy ' s tale of battle or the hedge at the end of the field .", "the theosophists build a pantheon ; but it is only a pantheon for pantheists .", "they call a parliament of religions as a reunion of all the peoples ; but it is only a reunion of all the prigs .", "yet exactly such a pantheon had been set up two thousand years before by the shores of the mediterranean ; and christians were invited to set up the image of jesus side by side with the image of jupiter , of mithras , of osiris , of atys , or of ammon .", "it was the refusal of the christians that was the turning - point of history .", "if the christians had accepted , they and the whole world would have certainly , in a grotesque but exact metaphor , gone to pot .", "they would all have been boiled down to one lukewarm liquid in that great pot of cosmopolitan corruption in which all the other myths and mysteries were already melting .", "it was an awful and an appalling escape .", "nobody understands the nature of the church , or the ringing note of the creed descending from antiquity , who does not realise that the whole world once very nearly died of broadmindedness and the brotherhood of all religions .", "herod had his place , therefore , in the miracle play of bethlehem because he is the menace to the church militant and shows it from the first as under persecution and fighting for its life .", "for those who think this a discord , it is a discord that sounds simultaneously with the christmas bells .", "for those who think the idea of the crusade is one that spoils the idea of the cross , we can only say that for them the idea of the cross is spoiled ; the idea of the cross is spoiled quite literally in the cradle .", "it is not here to the purpose to argue with them on the abstract ethics of fighting ; the purpose in this place is merely to sum up the combination of ideas that make up the christian and catholic idea , and to note that all of them are already crystallised in the first christmas story .", "they are three distinct and commonly contrasted things which are nevertheless one thing ; but this is the only thing which can make them one .", "the first is the human instinct for a heaven that shall be as literal and almost as local as a home .", "it is the idea pursued by all poets and pagans making myths ; that a particular place must be the shrine of the god or the abode of the blest ; that fairyland is a land ; or that the return of the ghost must be the resurrection of the body .", "i do not here reason about the refusal of rationalism to satisfy this need .", "i only say that if the rationalists refuse to satisfy it , the pagans will not be satisfied .", "this is present in the story of bethlehem and jerusalem as it is present in the story of delos and delphi ; and as it is not present in the whole universe of lucretius or the whole universe of herbert spencer .", "the second element is a philosophy larger than other philosophies ; larger than that of lucretius and infinitely larger than that of herbert spencer .", "it looks at the world through a hundred windows where the ancient stoic or the modern agnostic only looks through one .", "it sees life with thousands of eyes belonging to thousands of different sorts of people , where the other is only the individual standpoint of a stoic or an agnostic .", "it has something for all moods of man , it finds work for all kinds of men , it understands secrets of psychology , it is aware of depths of evil , it is able to distinguish between ideal and unreal marvels and miraculous exceptions , it trains itself in tact about hard cases , all with a multiplicity and subtlety and imagination about the varieties of life which is far beyond the bald or breezy platitudes of most ancient or modern moral philosophy .", "in a word , there is more in it ; it finds more in existence to think about ; it gets more out of life .", "masses of this material about our many - sided life have been added since the time of st . thomas aquinas .", "but st . thomas aquinas alone would have found himself limited in the world of confucius or of comte .", "and the third point is this ; that while it is local enough for poetry and larger than any other philosophy , it is also a challenge and a fight .", "while it is deliberately broadened to embrace every aspect of truth , it is still stiffly embattled against every mode of error .", "it gets every kind of man to fight for it , it gets every kind of weapon to fight with , it widens its knowledge of the things that are fought for and against with every art of curiosity or sympathy ; but it never forgets that it is fighting .", "it proclaims peace on earth and never forgets why there was war in heaven .", "we have all heard people say a hundred times over , for they seem never to tire of saying it , that the jesus of the new testament is indeed a most merciful and humane lover of humanity , but that the church has hidden this human character in repellent dogmas and stiffened it with ecclesiastical terrors till it has taken on an inhuman character .", "this is , i venture to repeat , very nearly the reverse of the truth .", "the truth is that it is the image of christ in the churches that is almost entirely mild and merciful .", "it is the image of christ in the gospels that is a good many other things as well .", "the figure in the gospels does indeed utter in words of almost heart - breaking beauty his pity for our broken hearts .", "but they are very far from being the only sort of words that he utters .", "nevertheless they are almost the only kind of words that the church in its popular imagery ever represents him as uttering .", "that popular imagery is inspired by a perfectly sound popular instinct .", "the mass of the poor are broken , and the mass of the people are poor , and for the mass of mankind the main thing is to carry the conviction of the incredible compassion of god .", "but nobody with his eyes open can doubt that it is chiefly this idea of compassion that the popular machinery of the church does seek to carry .", "the popular imagery carries a great deal to excess the sentiment of ' gentle jesus , meek and mild . '", "it is the first thing that the outsider feels and criticises in a pieta or a shrine of the sacred heart .", "as i say , while the art may be insufficient , i am not sure that the instinct is unsound .", "in any case there is something appalling , something that makes the blood run cold , in the idea of having a statue of christ in wrath .", "there is something insupportable even to the imagination in the idea of turning the corner of a street or coming out into the spaces of a marketplace , to meet the petrifying petrifaction of that figure as it turned upon a generation of vipers , or that face as it looked at the face of a hypocrite .", "the church can reasonably be justified therefore if she turns the most merciful face or aspect towards men ; but it is certainly the most merciful aspect that she does turn .", "and the point is here that it is very much more specially and exclusively merciful than any impression that could be formed by a man merely reading the new testament for the first time .", "a man simply taking the words of the story as they stand would form quite another impression ; an impression full of mystery and possibly of inconsistency ; but certainly not merely an impression of mildness .", "it would be intensely interesting ; but part of the interest would consist in its leaving a good deal to be guessed at or explained .", "it is full of sudden gestures evidently significant except that we hardly know what they signify , of enigmatic silences ; of ironical replies .", "the outbreaks of wrath , like storms above our atmosphere , do not seem to break out exactly where we should expect them , but to follow some higher weather - chart of their own .", "the peter whom popular church teaching presents is very rightly the peter to whom christ said in forgiveness , ' feed my lambs . '", "he is not the peter upon whom christ turned as if he were the devil , crying in that obscure wrath , ' get thee behind me , satan . '", "christ lamented with nothing but love and pity over jerusalem which was to murder him .", "we do not know what strange spiritual atmosphere or spiritual insight led him to sink bethsaida lower in the pit than sodom .", "i am putting aside for the moment all questions of doctrinal inferences or expositions , orthodox or otherwise ; i am simply imagining the effect on a man ' s mind if he did really do what these critics are always talking about doing ; if he did really read the new testament without reference to orthodoxy and even without reference to doctrine .", "he would find a number of things which fit in far less with the current unorthodoxy than they do with the current orthodoxy .", "he would find , for instance , that if there are any descriptions that deserved to be called realistic , they are precisely the descriptions of the supernatural .", "if there is one aspect of the new testament jesus in which he may be said to present himself eminently as a practical person , it is in the aspect of an exorcist .", "there is nothing meek and mild , there is nothing even in the ordinary sense mystical , about the tone of the voice that says ' hold thy peace and come out of him . '", "it is much more like the tone of a very business - like lion - tamer or a strong - minded doctor dealing with a homicidal maniac .", "but this is only a side issue for the sake of illustration ; i am not now raising these controversies ; but considering the case of the imaginary man from the moon to whom the new testament is new .", "even in the matter of mere literary style , if we suppose ourselves thus sufficiently detached to look at it in that light , there is a curious quality to which no critic seems to have done justice .", "it had among other things a singular air of piling tower upon tower by the use of the a fortiori ; making a pagoda of degrees like the seven heavens .", "i have already noted that almost inverted imaginative vision which pictured the impossible penance of the cities of the plain .", "there is perhaps nothing so perfect in all language or literature as the use of these three degrees in the parable of the lilies of the field ; in which he seems first to take one small flower in his hand and note its simplicity and even its impotence ; then suddenly expands it in flamboyant colours into all the palaces and pavilions full of a great name in national legend and national glory ; and then , by yet a third overturn , shrivels into nothing once more with a gesture as if flinging it away ` and if god so clothes the grass that today is and tomorrow is cast into the oven - - how much more ' it is like the building of a good babel tower by white magic in a moment and in the movement of a hand ; a tower heaved suddenly up to heaven on the top of which can be seen afar off , higher than we had fancied possible , the figure of man ; lifted by three infinities above all other things , on a starry ladder of light logic and swift imagination .", "merely in a literary sense it would be more of a masterpiece than most of the masterpieces in the libraries ; yet it seems to have been uttered almost at random while a man might pull a flower .", "but merely in a literary sense also , this use of the comparative in several degrees has about it a quality which seems to me to hint of much higher things than the modern suggestion of the simple teaching of pastoral or communal ethics .", "there is nothing that really indicates a subtle and in the true sense a superior mind so much as this power of comparing a lower thing with a higher and yet that higher with a higher still ; of thinking on three planes at once .", "there is nothing that wants the rarest sort of wisdom so much as to see , let us say , that the citizen is higher than the slave and yet that the soul is infinitely higher than the citizen or the city .", "it is not by any means a faculty that commonly belongs to these simplifiers of the gospel ; those who insist on what they call a simple morality and others call a sentimental morality .", "it is not at all covered by those who are content to tell everybody to remain at peace .", "on the contrary , there is a very striking example of it in the apparent inconsistency between christ ' s sayings about peace and about a sword .", "it is precisely this power which perceives that while a good peace is better than a good war , even a good war is better than a bad peace .", "these far - flung comparisons are nowhere so common as in the gospels ; and to me they suggest something very vast .", "so a thing solitary and solid , with the added dimension of depth or height , might tower over the flat creatures living only on a plane .", "on the third day the friends of christ coming at daybreak to the place found the grave empty and the stone rolled away .", "in varying ways they realised the new wonder ; but even they hardly realised that the world had died in the night .", "what they were looking at was the first day of a new creation , with a new heaven and a new earth ; and in a semblance of the gardener god walked again in the garden , in the cool not of the evening but the dawn .", "those who would suggest that the faith was a fanaticism are doomed to an eternal perplexity .", "in their account it is bound to appear as fanatical for nothing , and fanatical against everything .", "it is ascetical and at war with ascetics , roman and in revolt against rome , monotheistic and fighting furiously against monotheism ; harsh in its condemnation of harshness ; a riddle not to be explained even as unreason .", "and what sort of unreason is it that seems reasonable to millions of educated europeans through all the revolutions of some sixteen hundred years ?", "people are not amused with a puzzle or a paradox or a mere muddle in the mind for all that time .", "i know of no explanation except that such a thing is not unreason but reason ; that if it is fanatical it is fanatical for reason and fanatical against all the unreasonable things .", "that is the only explanation i can find of a thing from the first so detached and so confident , condemning things that looked so like itself , refusing help from powers that seemed so essential to its existence , sharing on its human side all the passions of the age , yet always at the supreme moment suddenly rising superior to them , never saying exactly what it was expected to say and never needing to unsay what it had said ; i can find no explanation except that , like pallas from the brain of jove , it had indeed come forth out of the mind of god , mature and mighty and armed for judgement and for war .", "if the church had not entered the world then , it seems probable that europe would be now very much what asia is now .", "something may be allowed for a real difference of race and environment , visible in the ancient as in the modern world .", "but after all we talk about the changeless east very largely because it has not suffered the great change .", "paganism in its last phase showed considerable signs of becoming equally changeless .", "this would not mean that new schools or sects of philosophy would not arise ; as new schools did arise in antiquity and do arise in asia .", "it does not mean that there would be no real mystics or visionaries ; as there were mystics in antiquity and are mystics in asia .", "it does not mean that there would be no social codes , as there were codes in antiquity and are codes in asia .", "it does not mean that there could not be good men or happy lives , for god has given all men a conscience and conscience can give all men a kind of peace .", "but it does mean that the tone and proportion of all these things , and especially the proportion of good and evil things , would be in the unchanged west what they are in the changeless east .", "and nobody who looks at that changeless east honestly , and with a real sympathy , can believe that there is anything there remotely resembling the challenge and revolution of the faith .", "in short , if classic paganism had lingered until now , a number of things might well have lingered with it ; and they would look very like what we call the religions of the east .", "there would still be pythagoreans teaching reincarnation , as there are still hindus teaching reincarnation .", "there would still be stoics making a religion out of reason and virtue , as there are still confucians making a religion out of reason and virtue .", "there would still be neo - platonists studying transcendental truths , the meaning of which was mysterious to other people and disputed even amongst themselves ; as the buddhists still study a transcendentalism mysterious to others and disputed among themselves .", "there would still be intelligent apollonians apparently worshipping the sun - god but explaining that they were worshipping the divine principle ; just as there are still intelligent parsees apparently worshipping the sun but explaining that they are worshipping the deity .", "there would still be wild dionysians dancing on the mountain as there are still wild dervishes dancing in the desert .", "there would still be crowds of people attending the popular feasts of the gods , in pagan europe as in pagan asia .", "there would still be crowds of gods , local and other , for them to worship .", "and there would still be a great many more people who worshipped them than people who believed in them .", "finally there would still be a very large number of people who did worship gods and did believe in gods ; and who believed in gods and worshipped gods simply because they were demons .", "there would still be levantines secretly sacrificing to moloch as there are still thugs secretly sacrificing to kalee .", "there would still be a great deal of magic ; and a great deal of it would be black magic .", "there would still be a considerable admiration of seneca and a considerable imitation of nero ; just as the exalted epigrams of confucius could coexist with the tortures of china .", "and over all that tangled forest of traditions growing wild or withering would brood the broad silence of a singular and even nameless mood ; but the nearest name of it is nothing .", "all these things , good and bad , would have an indescribable air of being too old to die .", "but above all , it is true of the most tremendous issue ; of that tragedy which has created the divine comedy of our creed .", "nothing short of the extreme and strong and startling doctrine of the divinity of christ will give that particular effect that can truly stir the popular sense like a trumpet ; the idea of the king himself serving in the ranks like a common soldier .", "by making that figure merely human we make that story much less human .", "we take away the point of the story which actually pierces humanity ; the point of the story which was quite literally the point of a spear .", "it does not especially humanise the universe to say that good and wise men can die for their opinions ; any more than it would be any sort of uproariously popular news in an army that good soldiers may easily get killed .", "it is no news that king leonidas is dead any more than that queen anne is dead ; and men did not wait for christianity to be men , in the full sense of being heroes .", "but if we are describing , for the moment , the atmosphere of what is generous and popular and even picturesque , any knowledge of human nature will tell us that no sufferings of the sons of men , or even of the servants of god , strike the same note as the notion of the master suffering instead of his servants .", "and this is given by the theological and emphatically not by the scientific deity .", "no mysterious monarch , hidden in his starry pavilion at the base of the cosmic campaign , is in the least like that celestial chivalry of the captain who carries his five wounds in the front of battle .", "another example might be found , not in the problem of evil , but in what is called the problem of progress .", "one of the ablest agnostics of the age once asked me whether i thought mankind grew better or grew worse or remained the same .", "he was confident that the alternative covered all possibilities .", "he did not see that it only covered patterns and not pictures ; processes and not stories .", "i asked him whether he thought that mr . smith of golder ' s green got better or worse or remained exactly the same between the age of thirty and forty .", "it then seemed to dawn on him that it would rather depend on mr . smith ; and how he chose to go on .", "it had never occurred to him that it might depend on how mankind chose to go on ; and that its course was not a straight line or an upward or downward curve , but a track like that of a man across a valley , going where he liked and stopping where he chose , going into a church or falling down in a ditch .", "the life of man is a story ; an adventure story ; and in our vision the same is true even of the story of god .", "to sum up ; the sanity of the world was restored and the soul of man offered salvation by something which did indeed satisfy the two warring tendencies of the past ; which had never been satisfied in full and most certainly never satisfied together .", "it met the mythological search for romance by being a story and the philosophical search for truth by being a true story .", "that is why the ideal figure had to be a historical character , as nobody had ever felt adonis or pan to be a historical character .", "but that is also why the historical character had to be the ideal figure ; and even fulfil many of the functions given to these other ideal figures ; why he was at once the sacrifice and the feast , why he could be shown under the emblems of the growing vine or the rising sun .", "the more deeply we think of the matter the more we shall conclude that , if there be indeed a god , his creation could hardly have reached any other culmination than this granting of a real romance to the world .", "otherwise the two sides of the human mind could never have touched at all ; and the brain of man would have remained cloven and double ; one lobe of it dreaming impossible dreams and the other repeating invariable calculations .", "the picture - makers would have remained forever painting the portrait of nobody .", "the sages would have remained for ever adding up numerals that came to nothing .", "it was that abyss that nothing but an incarnation could cover ; a divine embodiment of our dreams ; and he stands above that chasm whose name is more than priest and older even than christendom ; pontifex maximus , the mightiest maker of a bridge .", "i have said that asia and the ancient world had an air of being too old to die .", "christendom has had the very opposite fate .", "christendom has had a series of revolutions and in each one of them christianity has died .", "christianity has died many times and risen again ; for it had a god who knew the way out of the grave .", "but the first extraordinary fact which marks this history is this : that europe has been turned upside down over and over again ; and that at the end of each of these revolutions the same religion has again been found on top .", "the faith is always converting the age , not as an old religion but as a new religion .", "this truth is hidden from many by a convention that is too little noticed .", "curiously enough , it is a convention of the sort which those who ignore it claim especially to detect and denounce .", "they are always telling us that priests and ceremonies are not religion and that religious organisation can be a hollow sham , but they hardly realise how true it is .", "it is so true that three or four times at least in the history of christendom the whole soul seemed to have gone out of christianity ; and almost every man in his heart expected its end .", "this fact is only masked in medieval and other times by that very official religion which such critics pride themselves on seeing through .", "christianity remained the official religion of a renaissance prince or the official religion of an eighteenth - century bishop , just as an ancient mythology remained the official religion of julius caesar or the arian creed long remained the official religion of julian the apostate .", "but there was a difference between the cases of julius and of julian ; because the church had begun its strange career .", "there was no reason why men like julius should not worship gods like jupiter for ever in public and laugh at them for ever in private .", "but when julian treated christianity as dead , he found it had come to life again .", "he also found , incidentally , that there was not the faintest sign of jupiter ever coming to life again .", "this case of julian and the episode of arianism is but the first of a series of examples that can only be roughly indicated here .", "arianism , as has been said , had every human appearance of being the natural way in which that particular superstition of constantine might be expected to peter out .", "all the ordinary stages had been passed through ; the creed had become a respectable thing , had become a ritual thing , had then been modified into a rational thing ; and the rationalists were ready to dissipate the last remains of it , just as they do to - day .", "when christianity rose again suddenly and threw them , it was almost as unexpected as christ rising from the dead .", "but there are many other examples of the same thing , even about the same time .", "the rush of missionaries from ireland , for instance , has all the air of an unexpected onslaught of young men on an old world , and even on a church that showed signs of growing old .", "some of them were martyred on the coast of cornwall ; and the chief authority on cornish antiquities told me that he did not believe for a moment that they were martyred by heathens but ( as he expressed it with some humour ) ' by rather slack christians . '", "what was the meaning of all that whisper of fear that ran round the west under the shadow of islam , and fills every old romance with incongruous images of saracen knights swaggering in norway or the hebrides ?", "why were men in the extreme west , such as king john if i remember rightly , accused of being secretly moslems , as men are accused of being secretly atheists ?", "why was there that fierce alarm among some of the authorities about the rationalistic arab version of aristotle ?", "authorities are seldom alarmed like that except when it is too late .", "the answer is that hundreds of people probably believed in their hearts that islam would conquer christendom ; that averroes was more rational than anselm ; that the saracen culture was really , as it was superficially , a superior culture .", "here again we should probably find a whole generation , the older generation , serve doubtful and depressed and weary .", "the coming of islam would only have been the coming of unitarianism a thousand years before its time .", "to many it may have seemed quite reasonable and quite probable and quite likely to happen .", "if so , they would have been surprised at what did happen .", "what did happen was a roar like thunder from thousands and thousands of young men , throwing all their youth into one exultant counter - charge , the crusades .", "it was the sons of st . francis , the jugglers of god , wandering singing over all the roads of the world ; it was the gothic going up like a flight of arrows ; it was the waking of the world .", "in considering the war of the albigensians , we come to the breach in the heart of europe and the landslide of a new philosophy that nearly ended christendom for ever .", "in that case the new philosophy was also a very new philosophy ; it was pessimism .", "it was none the less like modern ideas because it was as old as asia ; most modern ideas are .", "it was the gnostics returning ; but why did the gnostics return ?", "because it was the end of an epoch , like the end of the empire ; and should have been the end of the church .", "it was schopenhauer hovering over the future ; but it was also manichaeus rising from the dead ; that men might have death and that they might have it more abundantly .", "i do not say it as a small criticism of a great writer , and i have no reason to do so ; for in my own much smaller task i feel i have failed in very much the same way .", "i am very doubtful whether i have conveyed to the reader the main point i meant about the proportions of history , and why i have dwelt so much more on some things than others .", "i doubt whether i have clearly fulfilled the plan that i set out in the introductory chapter ; and for that reason i add these lines as a sort of summary in a concluding chapter .", "i do believe that the things on which i have insisted are more essential to an outline of history than the things which i have subordinated or dismissed .", "i do not believe that the past is most truly pictured as a thing in which humanity merely fades away into nature , or civilisation merely fades away into barbarism , or religion fades away into mythology , or our own religion fades away into the religions of the world .", "in short i do not believe that the best way to produce an outline of history is to rub out the lines .", "i believe that , of the two , it would be far nearer the truth to tell the tale very simply , like a primitive myth about a man who made the sun and stars or a god who entered the body of a sacred monkey .", "i will therefore sum up all that has gone before in what seems to me a realistic and reasonably proportioned statement ; the short story of mankind .", "for this is the last proof of the miracle ; that something so supernatural should have become so natural .", "i mean that anything so unique when seen from the outside should only seem universal when seen from the inside .", "i have not minimised the scale of the miracle , as some of our wilder theologians think it wise to do .", "rather have i deliberately dwelt on that incredible interruption , as a blow that broke the very backbone of history .", "i have great sympathy with the monotheists , the moslems , or the jews , to whom it seems a blasphemy ; a blasphemy that might shake the world .", "but it did not shake the world ; it steadied the world .", "that fact , the more we consider it , will seem more solid and more strange .", "i think it a piece of plain justice to all the unbelievers to insist upon the audacity of the act of faith that is demanded of them .", "i willingly and warmly agree that it is , in itself , a suggestion at which we might expect even the brain of the believer to reel , when he realised his own belief .", "but the brain of the believer does not reel ; it is the brains of the unbelievers that reel .", "we can see their brains reeling on every side and into every extravagance of ethics and psychology ; into pessimism and the denial of life ; into pragmatism and the denial of logic ; seeking their omens in nightmares and their canons in contradictions ; shrieking for fear at the far - off sight of things beyond good and evil , or whispering of strange stars where two and two make five .", "meanwhile this solitary thing that seems at first so outrageous in outline remains solid and sane in substance .", "it remains the moderator of all these manias ; rescuing reason from the pragmatists exactly as it rescued laughter from the puritans .", "i repeat that i have deliberately emphasised its intrinsically defiant and dogmatic character .", "the mystery is how anything so startling should have remained defiant and dogmatic and yet become perfectly normal and natural .", "i have admitted freely that , considering the incident in itself , a man who says he is god may be classed with a man who says he is glass .", "but the man who says he is glass is not a glazier making windows for all the world .", "he does not remain for after ages as a shining and crystalline figure , in whose light everything is as clear as crystal .", "you know that show . . . you need to login to do this .", "get known if you don ' t have an account 2027 had this in the english version of the mod , since it was originally in russian .", "ace combat zero gave us the \" hydrian line , \" presumably , given the surrounding arthurian lore , supposed to be some reference to \" hadrian ' s wall \" .", "the official english translation of the alice in the country of hearts ios port pretty much entirely consists of this trope .", "the entire game reads as though the translation effort amounted to putting it through google translate and then directly into the game .", "needless to say , to the fans who were looking forward to an english translation , this very much counts as bad export for you .", "some examples : alice : i feel happy to be in the beautiful things .", "i look up the beauty .", "alice : the laughter sounds flowers .", "it ' s maybe exaggerated , but it needs such a description .", "boris : especially at this amusement park .", "there is some sexy air we produce for only at night time .", "alien soldier ' s intro is full of this .", "the pal release rewrote the intro text , though .", "not that it still makes sense . . . they also removed the \" speedshock ! \"", "etc .", "from the main menu , which is just inexcusable .", "the game boy color animorphs game , despite being an american - created game that presumably needed no translating , was burdened with this to the point of its script being largely incomprehensible .", "the two games in the armored core 4 timeline gave us a huge power generator supposedly called \" megalis \" .", "not \" megalith \" , then ?", "equally , spirit of motherwill is said to be armed with a \" loaded shell cannon . \"", "atelier escha & logy : alchemists of the dusk sky : for a game that was otherwise praised for being pretty nicely polished , it has quite a few english translation problems .", "one example is that in the fifth assignment , marion sends you to a \" slag graveyard , \" but then speaks several times of fighting \" slugs . \"", "another example : \" this may be strange coming from me , but i believe you work to hard , miss quinn . \"", "bad dudes : \" rampant ninja related crimes these days , white house is not the exception . \"", "done intentionally in barkley , shut up and jam : gaiden : the plural form of \" gun \" is always written as \" gun ' s \" , and people who wield them are called \" gun ' sbrasters \" because they \" brast \" things from their \" gun ' s \" .", "( this also extends to the \" company \" who made the game , who are technically known as \" tales of game ' s \" . )", "battle rangers , a . k . a . bloody wolf included such gems as : \" opp !", "i ' ve got foods !", "chuck , chuck . . . \" the manual for bionic commando . \"", "you can shoot at wide range but reach is shoot ( short ) \" .", "as well as much of the dialog in - game : \" maybe we can find good weapon we can use \" . \"", "ok , we are going to open the door of the boos ' s room \" . \"", "i take this bazooka \" , shouted by the ally soldier who actually gives you said weapon . \"", "this base will explod in 60 sec \" .", "the translation of the first breath of fire game , while not that bad , is not good in any sense of the word .", "item and spell names are particularly fun due to a character restriction leading to gems like \" protna \" , \" mrbl 5 \" and \" pararai \" ( which itself is a mistranslation , clearly meant to be \" paraly \" , being a paralyze spell and all ) .", "breath of fire ii has an infamously bad translation , even for capcom .", "it should also be noted that absolutely nothing was changed in the gba port .", "even one instance where a regular party member ' s name was replaced with a placeholder flag .", "the gba remake ' s translation is even worse .", "would you trust \" the destined child \" vs . \" the fatal child \" ?", "( though in the eu version , ryu is always referred to as the \" destined child \" . )", "chaos wars had an official translation that was . . . just awful .", "for one thing , the voice acting was performed by the friends and family of the translator , but it ' s most notable for the characters from shadow hearts . \"", "yuri \" became \" uru \" and karin became karen , which is understandable since that ' s their names in japanese . . . but \" nikolai \" , a russian man , was given the name \" nicole \" .", "deadly premonition usually has a very good translation into english .", "however , the same can ' t be said for various signs in the game world , leading to the hospital level having info signs like this : yes !", "your doctor told us that you aer to be our patient .", "accept our enthusiastic congratulations and well wish on your coming cvent . . . and be assured that we have a very personal interest in your case and have already taken steps to see to ti that your stay in the palo alto hospital will be pay us a social visit before you enter ?", "we want to meet and greet you .", "for yours !", "the initial english version of demon ' s souls released in china had flavor text that was borderline gibberish ( although it ' s generally comprehensible ) .", "most was fixed in the usa localisation .", "the spiritual successor of demon ' s souls , dark souls has its own little bits of nonsense , most famously the \" you defeated \" message that flashes upon killing a boss , or the \" you revived to the human \" upon reversing hollowing in certain versions .", "as with demon ' s souls , several item descriptions are bizarre or just downright wrong , such as the tiny being ' s ringnote the item is a potential starting gift , and when selected there has a description claiming it regenerates hp .", "in fact , the ring has the much less useful effect of slightly increasing max hp , which the regular description describes accurately .", "in the english version of disgaea 3 : absence of justice , a lot of the lower - level swords are called by generic names , such as \" katana \" or \" rapier \" .", "but the sai , rather than simply being called a sai , is called a \" rhino \" instead .", "( this is because the japanese word for rhinoceros is \" sai \" . )", "in the h - game divi - dead , when confronted by an obnoxiously smug character at one point , the protagonist thinks \" what a fart - blasting scrotum this guy is ! \"", "this insult is arguably way better than whatever the writer had in mind originally .", "the game boy advance dungeon crawler dokapon : monster hunter has a hilariously awful translation — it seems more like a corny fan - made effort than a genuine translation . \"", "gems \" include : \" fire breathed practice alcoholism \" , \" cat to hold is special skill , \" and \" make some status effect happen . \"", "this is how donkey kong got his name .", "miyamoto was looking for a word in english that meant \" stubborn \" or \" foolish \" to match the character ' s personality .", "the disclaimer , originally from the bullet hell shooter dodonpachi , shown on our lawyers advised this trope : \" violator and subject to severe penalties will be prosecutedt to the full extent of the jam . \"", "( \" jam \" is \" law \" with the first and last letters inverted ) .", "the boss warning sign from the first game says : \" this is not similation .", "get ready to destoroy the enemy .", "target for the weak points of ( the ) fuckin ' machine .", "do your best you have ever done . \"", "here ' s the ending text to namco ' s dragon spirit , in its entirety : \" zawell ' s ambition was crushed by the brave attempts of the warrior amul and bluedragon to rescue princess alicia from the hands of her captors .", "the kingdom cloud ultimatery restore peace .", "people were rejoiced to start from a nightmare , thus celebrating the restoration and jazzing up with joy .", "the evil perished , and the light came back to the kingdom again , as if celebrating its prosperity and happiness . . . . \" and you wonder why it took so long to bring win comments to tekken . . . dynasty warriors : gundam 2 suffers from this in utterly stupid ways .", "usually , the koei franchise features good translations , but whoever translated this game just didn ' t recognize traditional english phrases .", "cecily : \" it looks like we ' ll make it back safe . . . how about some toast when we get back home ? \"", "kamille : \" i could be dead by morning .", "i should have changed my underwear . \"", "one particularly bad case has kira yamato triumphantly declaring \" thanks to this sword lacus gave me , i can start kicking butt ! \"", "this is extremely out - of - character for the very much reluctant warrior technical pacifist kira .", "the line in japanese was a more solemn declaration that he would use his new weapon to fight in his own way , against the injustices he saw in the world .", "dynasty warriors : gundam reborn has several unfortunate mistranslations in its \" quiz \" missions , which can lead to english - speaking players selecting the wrong answers .", "setsuna , for instance , is identified as a \" pure innovade \" , whereas anyone familiar with gundam 00 would have called him a \" true innovator \" ( there is a significant difference in - series between an innovade and an innovator ) .", "there ' s also a case where char says \" good girl , wouldn ' t want you to waste your talents . \"", "when praising a younger pilot . . . except he says this to male characters as well .", "the word char uses in japanese actually means \" child \" , not specifically \" girl \" .", "the fifth fatal frame game .", "the original title is nuregarasu no miko , with nuregarasu being an idiom for beautiful raven - black hair and is directly translated as ' wet raven / crow ' and lead to many translations of oracle of the sodden raven and priestess of the drowned crow .", "the official title ignored that part and , thankfully , opted to simply call it maiden of the black water .", "the nintendo hard ghostbusters - licensed game ends with a single screen reading \" conglaturation !", "\" .", "also : \" . . . and prooved the justice of our culture .", "now go and rest our heroes . \"", "in the english version of german rpg gothic , a certain type of health - restoring berry is labelled ' blueberries ' .", "they ' re red .", "the earlier games in the king of fighters franchise were infamously full of this , leading to multiple narmy moments .", "the obscure infogrames role - playing game mandragore , originally released in french , requires the player to type in a secret phrase in order to be able to fight the final boss .", "the password can be gleamed from the song stanzas collected throughout the game , whose first letters spell out \" in demonem \" which sounds quite coherent , so an observant player can figure it out .", "in the english version , the translated stanzas ' first letters spell out . . . \" tnsadwoat \" , and this is what you need to type for the final battle .", "good luck figuring out that this is the password .", "pathologic , though liked by many , fared worse in the english language markets due to having an infamously inconsistent english translation ( one that was probably outsourced by the devs ) .", "the translation can vary a lot , depending on which of the three characters you choose to play , and even depending on which day of the campaign you ' re playing at the moment .", "some bits are basically an accurate , professional - level translation , while some dip into clunky , seemingly machine - translated bits that make the dialogue needlessly surreal ( which is saying something , given the already surreal horror nature of the game ) .", "some examples : 1 ◊ 2 ◊ 3 ◊ as the game will be getting an official remake and rerelease in the mid - 2010s , the original broken translation will finally be replaced by a completely new one .", "first eep rom default initialized .", "english translation of the rather obscure action - rpg prince of qin is quite mangled , though it mostly manages to convey the intended message .", "there ' s a lot of unintentional humour and redundancy and accidental innuendo , though : - but generally speaking , it is not proper to burn so many books and kill so many people .", "- now wacheng has been conquered and i have no worries in my rear .", "- see brother , this is troublesome .", "however , it ' s just small trouble .", "i don ' t want to bring you any trouble .", "the description for rayman on the playstation store .", "while nothing is particularly wrong about it , the whole thing smells very strongly of google translate .", "every single resident evil game has english audio - even in the japanese releases .", "the very first resident evil was dubbed by native english speaking voice actors , but overseen by a japanese director .", "thus you get such good bad translation lines as ' this hall is dangerous !", "there are terrible demons !", "ouch ! '", "( and yes , he does say the word ' ouch ' ) . \"", "i ' m going back to the pharmaceutical room . \"", "she actually means the chemical room where you mix the v - jolt , not the medical room in the main house . \"", "you , the master of unlocking . . . \" \" you were almost a jill sandwich !", "\" .", "most of these phrases were \" fixed \" in the gamecube remake : \" that was a close one .", "a second late , and you would have fit nicely into a sandwich . \"", "on the other hand , trying to use an item where it can ' t be used results in \" it ' s not necessary use this now \" . \"", "we need to blow this place up .", "i ' m going to set off the triggering system for a bomb . \"", "( i ' m going to activate the self - destruct mechanism . )", "who set up us the bomb ?", "and the grenade launcher is called a \" bazooka \" in the original .", "when you have to enter the second password in the umbrella lab , you are told to \" try enter password \" .", "strangely , this prompt was kept in for the remake , despite said remake having a much better translation . \"", "we lost contact with them over ten days ago .", "chris , jill , barry , every last stars team member has disappeared .", "we should have listened to them . \"", "of course , their communication was cut off due to the zombie apocalypse . \"", "i cleared the wreckage ( debris ) that was blocking the corridor . \"", "\" only there ' s a wrecked car barring the entrance \" .", "it ' s a van , not a car , and although it blocks the door , it ' s not \" wrecked \" . \"", "we now have access to the back of the parking lot ( the back of the basement , that is ) . \"", "\" her forehead ' s burning up ( she ' s got a fever ) .", "i ' ve got to hurry before the embryos ( there ' s only one embryo actually ) pupate ( metamorphoses ) . \"", "\" i heard { my dad } call my name . \"", "but wasn ' t he already mutated ?", "i . e . what happened to daddy ?", "plot hole ?", "this was before both sherry and the player were able to find out her dad is the monster stalking them . \"", "did your mom give you something called ' g virus ' ? \"", "sounds like \" did she infect / inject you with it \" ?", "wait , actually , it sounds more like \" did she give you chlamydia ? \"", "squicky . \"", "we ' ve finally arrived .", "there must be something hidden here . \"", "actually , they haven ' t quite arrived at the laboratory yet . \"", "we ' re inside umbrella ' s secret lab . \"", "underground research facility , not a lab itself . \"", "someone tried to kill me \" : actually she was trying to kill ada and leon took the bullet . \"", "ada . . . went after the sniper , \" i . e . , the gunman .", "claire to sherry in the 2nd scenario ending : \" you look terrible . \"", "\" which one is the right switch ? \"", "\" sherry !", "push that switch over there ! \"", "they mean a button .", "there ' s no actual lever / switch to flick up or down .", "even code veronica didn ' t have the best translation .", "a couple of the most narm worthy quotes from the game make an appearance in dead rising , specifically one of the stores .", "reading the description you ' d have to wonder if capcom did the bad acting on purpose .", "the english version of resident evil archives , a companion book to the first five games in the main series , suffers from several translation mistakes , as well as an overall poor attempt at localizing the book ' s content .", "one section of the book replaces all instances of the word \" biohazard \" with \" resident evil \" , even when the context doesn ' t warrant it , giving us such gems like the \" umbrella resident evil countermeasure service \" and \" a resident evil outbreak has been detected \" .", "re 3 was even more gratuitous : \" it is not enough to make the device to work \" . \"", "mikhail appears to be in pain and suffering \" . \"", "a dried up pumpkins are placed here \" . \"", "it can be used for the power source of the large sized machinery \" .", "the rpg maker xp ' s official english translation has some translation oddities .", "for example , the stat dexterity is translated as \" dextality \" .", "the move and stop animations were also somehow swapped together .", "rpg maker vx and vx ace don ' t get away mistake - free either .", "while the stats and interface are largely functional , the skill and enemy names in vx tend to be treated this way ; \" sickle weasel \" ( kamaitachi ) , \" newclear \" ( nuclear ) , \" willowisp \" ( will o ' wisp ) , \" gayzer \" ( gazer ) , frame shield ( flame shield ) and the default text for not lethal ko status being \" [ charname ] is knockout ! \"", "are all notable in vx .", "vx ace is even more egregious about this , with \" breath weapon \" , \" breath armor \" , and \" divine breath \" — which are mistakes vx did not make .", "nevermind some of the default character titles ( \" dark green aim \" , what ? )", "and backgrounds ( \" his youth is bound by hatred .", "he acts like a wise - crack due to his life \" ) .", "at least these errors are all on things that can be easily corrected .", "sword art online : hollow fragment ' s english translation , while grammatically sound ( for the most part ) , is needlessly verbose , full of accidental innuendo , and has some incredibly confusing word structure .", "buying and selling , for instance , is referred to as \" commodity transactions , \" and visiting rooms is apparently the most fun an npc can have .", "the english dub of sonic adventure 2 has problems .", "unlike the original sonic adventure , the dialogue was not rewritten for english , but translated .", "this led to various odd - sounding sentences in the game .", "one example is near the end of the game where the biolizard teleports outside of cannon ' s core .", "shadow then exclaims \" is that what chaos control is ? \"", "as if the biolizard teleporting somehow gave shadow a knowledge of how chaos control worked .", "the intended context was \" was that chaos control ?", "\" .", "one line that really screamed that out was ' but , there ' s no way you could use the chaos control using an emerald that is fake ! '", "and then there ' s the message that appears on - screen when the battles with the biolizard and the finalhazard take place : \" the prototype of the ultimate life \" .", "this also extends to eggman ' s english voice actor using the word \" yosh \" when clearing a level or petting a chao . \"", "yosh \" can be translated from japanese as \" yeah ! \"", "or \" all right ! \"", "the english version of sonic heroes had tails saying \" look at all those eggman ' s robots !", "\" .", "the translators also mixed up \" robot \" and \" clone \" in team dark ' s ending , leading to a lot of very confused fans .", "rouge : hey omega . . . did i ever tell you that . . . shadow is a robot . . . and . . . oh , never mind .", "good luck .", "omega : you know about cloning .", "the original must exist somewhere .", "in summon night swordcraft story 2 you ' re sometimes referred to with male pronouns as the female protagonist .", "the nes tarot \" game \" taboo the sixth sense is rife with nonsensically bad english , which is something of a liability when a game consists almost exclusively of reading off written fortunes .", "even more vexing is that the game isn ' t japanese ( the game was made by rare , which is british ) , so there ' s no apparent reason for the confusing text .", "the english translators for super robot wars v seem to have some kind of grudge against ellipsis , they deleted or replaced nearly every instance of ellipsis in the game .", "even when the characters say nothing but ellipsis , they still give them something to say .", "this has the unfortunate side effect of turning \" shocked , disbelieving silence \" into \" dull surprise \" .", "setsuna : you don ' t say .", "in earlier tales series games released in north america , \" armet helm \" is mistranslated as \" ahmet helm \" and \" rebirth doll \" ( named as such because it automatically revives the wearer upon defeat ) was mistranslated as \" reverse doll . \"", "both were eventually corrected , the latter slightly later in the series than the former ( though , for whatever reason , there are games after that that revert to the \" reverse \" name , like xillia ) .", "the official english translation of tales of phantasia on the game boy advance somehow translates ragnarok war as kangaroo war .", "were they even looking at the arrangement of the syllables ?", "the words are almost anagrams .", "combine this with a change in several translation routines for main character names , and the ( correct ) removal of the hilarious fan - translation for certain hot spring scene , and many english - speaking players decry the translation as incredibly inferior to the hacks they had played for years prior .", "a puzzle in the north american version of tales of destiny is unwinnable with the hints in - game ( two of the consonants are wrong ) .", "atlus ' s translation of tears to tiara 2 is full of the most obvious mistakes .", "special mention goes to : have hamil say he won ' t become melqart during his pact with tarte , when everything pointed to him saying he will .", "translating gundan , an military formation of 20k to 30k men , as platoon , a group of 15 to 30 men .", "the english bootleg translation of the arcade version of wonder boy in monster land has an impressive case of this .", "some examples : gold coins are called \" golds \" ( regardless of number ) .", "status messages include \" body stiffen \" and \" i ' m loose . \"", "the name of \" excalibur \" is actually spelled out in english in an on - screen graphic .", "the translators still managed to misspell it in the dialogue as \" axecaliva \" .", "the first touhou game , highly responsive to prayers , has things like harry up and totle .", "12 .", "8 has the song \" faily wars \" .", "see it here .", "and all of the touhou games have bizarre english text on their loading screens : this game is curtain fire shooting game .", "girls do their best now and are preparing , please watch warmly until it is ready .", "followed by a sentence summarizing the game ' s plot ( such as paradisiac moon was broken ! )", "curtain fire is a literal translation of danmaku and do their best now is an accurate translation of ganbaru that only fails to allow for how the word is used in practice .", "these screens are so iconic to the series that they are now ascended to the point where other games copy them , and \" curtain fire \" has become a recognizable name for the game genre .", "games by taito , on the whole , have been pretty good in this regard .", "even when the translation isn ' t perfect , it ' s understandable .", "however , there have been a few howlers .", "like the profile for lick joe in violence fight : \" former professional wrestler .", "his profession revoked because he killed 13 wrestlers during playing .", "although his bodily strength is very strong , his movement is slow . \"", "never mind how they got the idea that \" lick joe \" , \" bat blue \" , \" lee chen \" , \" ron max \" , and \" tony won \" were proper names for american underground brawlers .", "( \" ben smith \" seems passable except that he ' s supposed to be , y ' know an indian . )", "cadash : \" the weapon is not functioning ! \"", "no , this doesn ' t mean your weapon just broke ; it ' s just that an enemy is no selling it .", "pulirula is full of such phrases as \" that town is so head that no persons can live in . \"", "then again , considering how whacked - out the game is in general , it ' s not surprising that not much of the dialogue makes any logical sense .", "xenus 2 : war in paradise ( also known in the west as white gold : war in paradise ) sports an exemplary example of this trope .", "most of the main plot dialogue translated from russian to english is somewhat bearable and coherent , but the majority of sidequest dialogue and plain conversation with npcs in the game seem like they ' ve been run through babelfish and left at that .", "some lines still have russian words in the middle of the english dialogue .", "the english translations of games from the german studio daedalic entertainment tend to suffer from this .", "in edna & harvey : the breakout , a kite ( german : drachen ) was labelled as a dragon ( drache ) if you moused over it .", "chains of satinav had the glorious line \" it is young geron from the tannerhood \" ( der junge geron aus dem ledererviertel ) .", "note viertel , much like english ' quarter ' , can be used to mean a district of a city … or a neighborhood … so , a ’ hood ?", "the kingdom hearts games usually have very solid translations , but sometimes mistakes slip through .", "in kingdom hearts 3d : dream drop distance sora has several combination attacks where he rides atop his dream eaters , and they all ended up having \" ライド \" ( raido ) rendered as \" raid \" rather than \" ride \" .", "this is notable because \" raid \" ( レイド ( reido ) ) has always refereed to the recurring throwing your sword always works line of attacks .", "the english translation of kingdom hearts ii misspelled braig as bleig , dilan as dilin and aeleus as eleus .", "also , a translation mistake created a plot hole when goofy said that king mickey banished pete to another dimension a long time ago , when kingdom hearts : birth by sleep shows it was actually queen minnie that did it .", "the word goofy used in japanese is a generic term that basically means \" his / her majesty \" , and the translators chose the wrong gender for the translation .", "there ' s one line in the first game that proved tricky to translate , due to awkwardness with japanese word order , so they created a new line instead - which ended up becoming a what happened to the mouse ?", "incident .", "specifically , when donald and goofy are about to leave to find the key bearer , he asks daisy \" can you take care of the . . . ? \"", "and she cuts him off with \" of course . \"", "take care of the . . . what ?", "whatever it is , it ' s never stated .", "his line was originally going to be something like \" we ' ll find the king \" , which in japanese word order would be \" the king , we will find . \"", "donald started \" daisy , the king . . . \" and she replied \" of course [ you will ] \" .", "however , translating this would be impossible - preserving the word order would make it sound awkward , and translating it as \" we ' ll find . . . \" wouldn ' t preserve the meaning ( making it clear that donald is talking about finding the king ) .", "ys ii has a location known as the solomon shrine in hudson soft ' s turbo - grafx 16 version , which xseed games reworded slightly as shrine of solomon in its translation of falcom ' s own port to the playstation portable .", "when atlus translated interchannel ' s nintendo ds port , which was released between those two , it gave the location the rather fishy name of palace of salmon .", "tomba !", "2 : the evil swine return had a pretty shaky translation , but one example really stands out .", "when you get mizuno to make the hot powder or cold powder , she tells you that it \" boosts damage due to heat or cold \" .", "this might cause players to believe that the items are supposed to make the game harder , maybe a built - in self - imposed challenge or something .", "however , what she actually should have said ( and what the items actually do ) is that it nullifies damage due to heat or cold - the items make you impervious to fire and ice damage .", "when you get to the water temple , the translation goes from pretty good to pretty terrible .", "highlights are \" i saw three big holes somewhere .", "oh !", "this cog is the one !", "\" , when the \" three big holes \" he ' s referring to are right next to the guy he ' s talking to , and frequently using the wrong pronoun - when being told that a kokka bird stole one of two identical ( fake ) eggs that contain reflectors to open the room holding the water pig bag , because it mistook it for one of its own eggs , zippo says \" i mistook it for the real one \" , rather than \" it ( the bird ) mistook it for the real one \" .", "raiden v ' s localization has engrish up the wazoo , e . g . \" the speed of enemy destruction is perfect . \"", "\" check that the enemy has suspended action and fallen . \"", "mystic messenger ' s main routes are not an example of this trope ; the translation was remarkably solid , especially for a script involving so much slang .", "however , the christmas dlc route appears to have either been a rush job , or given to a different translator .", "the subjects of sentences are frequently mixed up , characters constantly refer to people whom they ' re directly addressing in the third person , english phrases are misused in ways that blur the meaning , and it ' s really inconsistent about what type of ellipses are used .", "you being translated as \" vous \" is a problem in many , many games .", "while not an error per se , it is an overly polite way of speaking when talking to a single person .", "it works well when speaking with a high ranking individual , but not so much between two close friends / relatives .", "the french subtitles for armored core : for answer ( set in the armored core 4 timeline ) aren ' t initially too bad , the quality of the translation takes a gigantic nosedive around the end of chapter 2 , with garbled wording , dropped details and incoherent , sometimes outright made - up dialogue aplenty .", "for example , the line \" is he sinking in the ocean ?", "just like that ?", "unbelievable . \"", "( said in reference to an ally being shot down ) is translated as \" underwater mode ?", "you ' re crazy . . . \" and \" it ' s a missile carnival ! \"", "is changed to \" it ' s a cannibal missile .", "\" .", "in the french version of fire emblem ( aka sword of flame ) : a magic sword using a spell of light ( \" lumière \" in french ) was translated as if was itself light ( \" léger \" in french ) .", "the french version of clock tower on the playstation has many hilarious examples .", "some proves that the translators never actually played the game .", "for example , when you finish an ending , the ending appears on the ending list with a mention \" cleared \" .", "they took the wrong meaning and translated it \" effacer \" ( \" delete \" ) .", "which is just confusing .", "in company of heroes , the online multiplayer modes for the french version of the game was translated from \" 2v2 at \" ( meaning 2 versus 2 , arranged teams ) as \" 2v2 anti - tank \" ( in french ) .", "the french version of diablo ii translated the eldritch orb as \" orbe d ' eltrich \" , as in \" eldritch ' s orb \" , probably having no idea what ' eldritch ' means ( although there is a monster named eldritch the rectifier ) .", "this can still work , as you can translate it as \" orb of eldritch \" .", "while cumbersome , it makes some degree of sense .", "when disgaea : hour of darkness had its ds version released in france , we got a full translation . . . except that it was the english version almost word for word .", "translated with a dictionary , apparently .", "with pearls like translating \" usagi drop \" as \" rabbit crap \" , or failing to see that the horse wiener was a gag penis and not an actual wiener .", "seriously , guys .", "the french translation of dynasty warriors : gundam 2 has some issues of its own .", "for example , one mission description mangles \" colony drop \" ( i . e . forcibly crashing a space colony down to earth ) into \" installing a colony \" , which will leave those not familliar with the events of the series very confused .", "the french translation of the elder scrolls v : skyrim is fairly decent , but contains a few egregious mistakes .", "for example , when one of your dark brotherhood fellow assassin tells you that commander maro was asked to \" leave the brotherhood alone \" , the french translation is completely litteral and make it that he was asked to \" quit the brotherhood on his own \" instead .", "a complete wall banger , given that commander maro is a sworn enemy of the brotherhood and was never part of it to begin with .", "the pipe rifle , wich used a pipe as a cannon , was named \" fusil à pipe \" . \"", "une pipe \" is something you use to smoke tobacco , while the pipe used here is \" un tuyau \" .", "the french translation of halo 2 infamously translated cortana ' s line in the ending ( \" alright .", "shoot . \"", ") as \" allez - y , tirer .", "\" , \" tirer \" literally being the verb for shooting ( with a weapon ) rather than the intended meaning of \" ok , tell me what you want to tell me .", "\" .", "the ending being one hell of a cliffhanger , this of course left french fans very confused .", "while the french word for \" werewolf \" is \" loup - garou \" , the french translation of hexen 2 named werepanthers as \" panthère - were \" .", "no , \" were \" does not mean anything in french and would be the equivalent of naming them \" garoupanthers \" in english .", "the legend of zelda : ocarina of time ' s french instruction booklet was obviously ( badly ) translated from english .", "the best part : they translated \" light arrows \" as \" flèches légères \" , which means that these arrows are not heavy . . . penumbra : overture had a quite good french translation ( they even managed to render red ' s speech patterns quite accurately ) , but black plague . . . was not nearly as good .", "for starters , red ' s name was blindly translated as \" rouge \" in - game ( though amazingly , they got it right in the intro ) , and then you had a lot of sentences that don ' t really make sense unless you read the english text they have been translated from , since they followed the original sentences ' structure word - for - word , like \" je plaisantais au sujet de la chose ' qui venait le prendre ' \" , which was \" i was only joking about the \" come , get him \" thing \" in the original .", "note a more accurate translation would be \" je plaisantais quand je disais \" viens le chercher \" , because the translated sentence here just means \" i was joking about the thing ' that came to take him ' \" .", "scribblenauts as a whole can easily be wrecked by a bad translation , being a word - centric game , but the french version takes the cake .", "pretty much all words give you 2 or 3 possibilities , either all so similar they ' re impossible to distinguish , or completely unrelated to what you typed .", "and the disambiguation hints don ' t help a single bit .", "some simple words don ' t give any results : try typing “ meat \" ( \" viande \" ) , nope , never heard of that .", "type \" cow \" ( \" vache \" ) , you get \" cow ( human ) \" , \" cow ( mammal ) \" = > the first one is a cop , it ' s apparently old slang nobody ' s heard of .", "type \" rock \" ( \" pierre \" ) , you get \" rock ( stone ) \" , \" rock ( nature ) \" , “ rock ( environment ) \" = > the first one is some unidentified u - shaped object , the second one is a big rock and the third one is a small rock .", "type \" wall \" ( \" mur \" ) , you get \" wall ( contruction ) \" and \" wall ( construction ) \" . . . . = > the second one is a wall , but the first one is some sort of safety barrier .", "the list could go on - virtually every word is a problem .", "also : type in almost anything in a different language , and go to a different language .", "the translation is extremely different .", "( for example , typing \" chat \" with french , then changing to english and coming back , viewing its name will give you \" button front \" . )", "the french translation of the sims 2 totally ruined the whole bella goth ' s abduction plot .", "while they translated her name as \" sonia gothik \" in the first game and in the goth ' s family tree in the sequel , they changed strangetown bella ' s name to \" kathy lalouche \" .", "many french players have no idea that \" sonia \" and \" kathy \" are supposed to be the same person .", "the french subtitles of sonic adventure 2 are horribly mangled . \"", "le prototype est resté en vie et a placé la station sur une course de collision course de collision avec la planète !", "\" , which roughly translates as \" the prototype has stayed alive and located the station on a collision race collision race with the planet !", "\" .", "and yes , they did repeat \" course de collision \" .", "early in the game , after fox falls into some water , a dinosaur greets him with a line whose two only intelligible words are \" hot spring \" . \"", "spring \" was translated as if it was the season .", "late in the game , a dinosaur offers to take fox within striking range of some defensive turrets , but since their range is greater than fox ' s , asks him to \" protect [ me ] from their fire \" and not blindly shoot at them .", "it was translated as if the turrets were either equipped with flamethrowers , or on fire themselves .", "the spanish translation of fire emblem ( the first one released outside japan ) has dozens and dozens of typos , though they ' re all in support conversations , hector ' s tale and in some houses , implying they did some sort of spellchecking , but only the bare minimum .", "most stuff got renamed for no apparent reason , most notable being lyn ' s promoted class getting un - lord - ified from \" blade lord \" into \" swordmistress \" ( for no reason ) .", "but that wasn ' t the worst .", "the worst was turning fae into a boy and claiming marquess darin looked . . . like house laus .", "the later installements got better , but they still have issues : amelia of sacred stones refers to herself as a man when she promotes , two throwable weapons from path of rradiance were called \" swordreaver \" and \" axereaver \" , despite that game having no \" reaver \" weapons , and no two games on the same system call ( armor ) knights the same thing ( like most other classes , for that matter . . . they have it worst though , since half the names are dumb ) .", "speaking of sacred stones , one of many blunders in the support conversation .", "the spanish setting of contra : shattered soldier translated the game ' s \" hit rate \" display ( which shows the percentage of unique enemies destroyed by the player in each stage ) as \" taza de velocidad \" ( speed cup ) . \"", "tasa de velocidad \" would instead mean \" speed rate \" , which is still an incorrect translation .", "the curse of monkey island makes a mistake of replacing a verb with a subject when guybrush is on the theatre stage and says \" what i really want to do is direct \" .", "this should be translated as \" lo que realmente quiero hacer es dirigir \" .", "instead it ' s translated as \" lo que realmente quiero hacer is directo \" , which actually sounds like \" what i really want to do is straight \" .", "and the infamous great poleaxe , translated as \" el gran pollax \" , which almost literally means \" the big cock \" .", "this , combined with the suffixes and prefixes , may lead to things like \" the hard big cock \" , \" the relaxing big cock \" , and such .", "the worldstone gets referred during all of act v as \" mundo de piedra \" , which literally means \" stone world \" .", "the rogues from act i are referred to as \" arpías \" ( harpies ) .", "for some reason , all enemies and items introduced in the lord of destruction expansion have an article added in their names .", "for example , jewels are always called \" la joya \" when unidentified , as if there were only one of them in the entire game .", "this does not happen with the items introduced beforehand .", "the spanish translation of diablo iii is significantly better , but it makes a noticeable mistake by translating westmarch as \" marca del oeste \" , \" westmark \" .", "warcraft iii has an overall good translation , but there ' s an error which stands out to anyone who knows english .", "kel ' thuzad mentions a piece of knowledge coming from \" el demonio lore \" .", "this might seem fine , but then you realize that they didn ' t translate the word lore , and instead thought it was some demon ' s name .", "similarly , a stop poking me quote from the dreadlord involves darkness calling him , and telling him the demon hunter gave darkness the dreadlord ' s phone number .", "in the spanish version , the number was given by \" el demonio hunter \" - \" the hunter demon \" .", "when it comes to pronounciation , the game never achieves a consistent pronounciation for archimonde ' s name - specifically , whether the \" e \" should be mute or not .", "starcraft i did a very strange translation of unit ' s lines , most infamously \" my life for aiur \" becoming \" mi vida por auir \" .", "there ' s an error when kerrigan talks about missile turrets detecting her while cloaked . \"", "cloaked \" was translated as \" disfrazada \" ( \" disguised \" ) instead of \" camuflada \" or \" oculta \" , as should have been .", "the latin american translation of world of warcraft : legion is a notable step back from the improved translations provided by diablo iii and starcraft ii .", "most notably , there are moments in which characters call each other by their untranslated , english names , for no reason whatsoever ( for example , in the mage order hall campaign , there ' s a line in which kalec calls millhouse manastorm as \" millhouse \" instead of \" molino \" ) .", "dungeon defenders has these on the setup screen for the spanish version : save gets translated as \" ahorrar \" , as in \" save money with geico \" , launch becomes \" lanzamiento \" as in launching the rocket , push to talk , and restore defaults are not even translated .", "close gets translated as \" cerca \" , as in you ' re too close .", "swap remains untranslated once , but then gets translated twice as \" canje \" .", "mods gets translated , for some reason as \" conversiones \" .", "no idea why .", "of course , once in the game it gets worse , much worse .", "the spanish version of escape from monkey island has some translation errors so obvious you have to wonder if they didn ' t use a translating software once in a while .", "for instance , in the wooden cane store , if you get near the counter you get a choice to \" ring bell \" to call the manager .", "the spanish version translates the word \" ring \" as the jewelry object instead of the verb , so where it should say \" tocar campana \" it says \" anillo campana \" instead , which makes as much sense as replacing \" drink water \" with \" bracelet water \" .", "in the spanish version of fifa 09 they translated belgian club rc standard de liège as \" rc normal de liège \" .", "one might think \" well , maybe they didn ' t get the license for that club \" , but yes , they did .", "it even has the official club crest and logos .", "the so bad , it ' s good spanish rom hack pokémon quartz has plenty of these .", "the creator claims he made it partly to practice his english .", "he needed the practice . \"", "argh !", "fucking kid !", "you send my plan down to the wc ! \"", "note wc is short for \" water closet \" , an old - fashioned but technically correct euphemism for the toilet .", "the creator seems to use \" paranoia \" for both \" supernatural \" and \" coincidence \" , neither of which is what paranoia actually means ( unfounded suspicion ) .", "several npcs address the player character by spanish nicknames , which are never explained as such , making you wonder who they ' re addressing .", "misspellings abound .", "and then there ' s the gratuitous japanese , which manages to be even worse than his english .", "in pokémon x and y , some translation mistakes were corrected .", "for instance , counter ' s translation was changed from \" contador \" - \" someone who counts \" - to \" contraataque \" ( exactly what means on the tin ) , while slam ' s translation was changed from \" portazo \" - a literal door slam - to \" atizar \" .", "resident evil 4 had quite a few mistakes in spanish .", "an enemy that turns invisible is called \" novistador \" , which is supposed to be \" the unseen \" .", "however , translated to english it means something akin to \" no sight man \" .", "there ' s also one of the phrases the ganados scream at leon when they ' re following him is \" ¡ puedes correr , pero no puedes discutir !", "\" .", "they obviously meant it to be spanish for \" you can run , but you can ' t hide \" , however , \" discutir \" means \" discuss \" or \" argue \" , not \" hide \" , which makes the threat puzzling rather than intimidating .", "in the spanish instructions of sonic games , sonic was often referred to as sónico , adding the male suffix , and made liberal use of the verbs \" salvar \" note which gets a pass for becoming a neologism , although more proper \" guardar \" and \" grabar \" were already there and \" remover \" ( as in , to rescue or shake your save file ) .", "the warhammer 40 , 000 game space hulk ' s translation from english to spanish had a few of these , including \" si fire no move \" ( unknown original line , but presumably \" if you fire , you can ' t move \" ) and \" giro 19 , izquierda 1 \" ( turn 19 , left 1 ; \" izquierda \" is left as in left and right ) .", "call of duty : modern warfare 2 allows you to play as a member of the brazilian militia ( actually a criminal gang ) in multiplayer .", "when the character is about to plant a claymore he yells : \" golpeando com espada ! \"", "( striking with a sword !", ") , presumably because the translators confused the claymore mine with the claymore sword .", "when the character is about to reload , he yells : \" trocando de arma ! \"", "( changing weapon !", ") .", "when the character is about to throw a flashbang he yells : \" apareceu de repente ! \"", "( appeared all of a sudden ! )", "or \" atirando uma granada de mão ! \"", "( throwing a hand grenade !", ") .", "however , when he throws a fragmentation grenade he says : atirando uma granada de luz !", "( throwing a flash grenade or flashbang ) .", "the brazilian translation for dark souls ii does a good job of fitting the medieval mood most of the time , but there are still some spelling errors and oddities such as the throne of want area being renamed \" sanctuary of want \" .", "at one point , the scholar aldia calls the protagonist a \" hollow teen \" despite it being correctly translated as \" young hollow \" every other time .", "it also badly translates his last line in the game , should the player choose to leave the throne : \" and yet , we seek ( another option ) , insatiably … such is our fate \" turns into \" just like our fate \" .", "the brazilian portuguese translation of mortal kombat 9 ( one of the first in the new wave of brazilian game releases ) has a few blunders .", "in story mode , when sonya rescurs jax from shang tsung ' s captivity , she asks how he ' s doing and he replies with \" i ' m great \" .", "okay , but portuguese isn ' t gender - neutral on adjectives , so the translation is given on feminine form !", "( the caption reads \" estou ótima \" ) .", "and sonya ' s reply ( \" liar \" - because jax ' s all beat up ) follows suit !", "( \" mentirosa \" ) .", "also , the tower mission where scorpion has to beat up mileena because she made him a teddy bear .", "it ' s pretty clear she has a teddy bear in her hand , but \" teddy \" can mean both the bear and a sort of women underwear .", "guess which meaning the translators went with ?", "naruto shippuden : ultimate ninja storm 3 is one of the biggest offenders .", "the portuguese translation of this game is filled with grammatical errors and sentences that don ' t make sense .", "basically , a literal translation done by a group with little to none knowledge in portuguese language .", "the next game , naruto shippuden : ultimate ninja storm revolution , improved a bit the portuguese translation , but still has a lot of errors .", "not only does the portuguese in scribblenauts look like a mix of portugal and brazil portuguese , they also managed to do this in the pause menu : the restart option became \" tente sair \" ( try to quit ) .", "bloodborne had the chapel dweller ' s \" the screams of wimminfolk \" line translated as \" os gritos do povo wimmin \" , which means literally \" the screams of the \" wimmin people \" - as if it ' s the name of a community or tribe .", "the \" instructions \" for the cheaper commodore 64 games on tape often consisted of nothing more than \" type load and press return key \" .", "in one instance , this got translated into german thus : \" type ladung und presse zurück schlüssel , \" which contains exactly one correct word .", "type : not translated .", "what ?", "ladung : they translated the computer command , thus making sure that the instructions can ' t work at all .", "presse : wrong meaning of \" press \" .", "schlüssel : wrong meaning of \" key \" .", "call of duty : united offensive has all your team messages in german if you ' re on the german team .", "said messages are all translated and pronounced correctly .", "unfortunately , in ctf , the messages for \" we have the enemy flag \" and \" the enemy has our flag \" are reversed .", "the ( english ) text still displays correctly , but the conflicting audio makes life rather more confusing than it needs to be if you happen to speak german .", "the german version of civilization iv translates \" power \" in the statistics screen as \" elektrizität \" ( electricity ) .", "it ' s about military power .", "there are some potentially out - of - place uses of the word ' panzer ' in codename : panzers .", "anything that is called a tank is called a panzer ingame - russian crewmen shout that their panzer has broken down , while a us unit cries \" a tiger . . . they have a tiger panzer ! \"", "obviously , due to the use of panzer ( short for panzerkampfwagen , \" armour - battle - vehicle \" ) meaning both tank in german , and being the designation for their afv ' s in ww2 ( at least until the panther , which was officially designated the panzerkampfwagen v until adolf hitler himself decreed in 1944 that it shouldn ' t be ) .", "the german version of dawn of war soulstorm has the soritas screaming \" hexenkraft und ketzerei \" which comes from \" witchcraft and heresy \" , which should have been \" hexerei und ketzerei \" .", "the german version of dungeon defenders had \" exit \" translated as \" ausfahrt \" , which indeed means exit . . . but of an autobahn . \"", "save \" and \" close \" are translated in exactly the same sense ( and thus exactly as wrong ) as in the spanish game .", "the german translation of the elder scrolls iv : oblivion is definitely one of the worst commercial english - to - german translations in the last decade .", "the \" quit \" button in the main menue is labeled \" fertig \" , which means \" done \" in english .", "numerous quest texts aren ' t even translated at all , the part of the main quest in kvatch , for example .", "some items have horribly crippled names like schw .", "tr .", "d . le .", "en .", "w , which stands for \" schwacher trank der lebensenergie - wiederherstellung \" ( weak potion of restoring life energy ) .", "it was so pathetically bad that bethesda had to create a separate german patch just to fix the worst of the horrible translation and make the item names comprehensible .", "most of the other issues haven ' t been fixed to this day .", "any time tohsaka rin speaks german in fate / stay night .", "it sounds cool and all , but it reads like the writers wrote it by translating literally using first a japanese - to - english dictionary and then an english - to - german one .", "an example from heaven ' s feel ( when she ' s putting a geis on shirou to make him obey her ) : beklagter , meine wörter , werden geglaubt .", "( mourned / lamented , my words , are believed ) richtige übliche peitsche .", "( right usual whip . . . . what ? )", "die vergeltung vom himmel .", "( probably meant to be \" vengeance from the heavens \" , but actually reads \" the avenge from heaven / sky \" ) freddy pharkas : frontier pharmacist in german is a huge mess .", "one specific example , for example , is that \" jockstrap \" was translated as \" scotsman ' s suspender \" .", "beijing elex co . ltd . ' s web games usually suffer from this , especially the german translations .", "happy harvest is particularly infamous for this , especially in its original release , parts of which were hardly decipherable .", "translations have improved in newer versions , but still contain mistakes like both components of \" horseman \" being translated individually ( \" pferdemann \" ) , invoking images of a centaur ( or a funny animal ) rather than an equestrian .", "their other games fare no better ; cafe time for instance , besides strange grammar and parts being left entirely untranslated , renders \" counter \" ( the piece of furniture ) as someone who counts , and \" serve \" ( as in serving food ) in the sense of serving a customer , implying that you would need to bring food to your food .", "the german translation of happy harvest was apparently translated from english after being translated from mandarin chinese , sometimes downright bordering on translation trainwreck as a result .", "the german translation of the world war ii tactical / stealth shooter hidden & dangerous is a hilarious example .", "the sentences seemed correct at first , mostly as it featured voice - overs , but almost all critical information was wrong .", "in one mission , the player is ordered to destroy \" die verbleibenden panzer \" ( the remaining tanks ) , but there are no tanks on the map !", "unless , of course , you figure out that tank can also mean an oil tank .", "another example is \" bordwaffenbeschussmodus links / rechts \" ( aircraft weapon firing mode left / right ) meaning , yes , \" strafe left / right \" .", "there is some historical truth to it , but it made it look like your hq was infiltrated by dadaists .", "at least you ' re introduced to the translation quality from the very beginning - the game ' s loading screen reads \" das laden , warten bitte \" .", "in english , \" the loading , wait please \" .", "nexus : the jupiter incident was quite obviously translated into german by someone less than fluent in the language .", "among other things , \" fighters \" ( as in , jet fighter ) became \" kämpfer \" ( \" fighting people \" ) instead of \" jäger \" ( which translates to \" hunters \" , but is the german term for that kind of craft ) .", "also , every single instance of sarcasm is translated and pronounced like it is meant to be utterly sincere , which makes the narrator seem a tad unhinged at times .", "at one point in portal , glados says \" weeee \" as in the exclamation , not the pronoun .", "the german translation turned it into \" wiiiiir \" , which is the german word for the pronoun \" we \" .", "the german translation of the sims 2 had a few examples of being too literal in translating - when clicking on a full training potty , the game tells you ' leer ' as in it is empty rather than to empty it , which would be ' leeren ' .", "in space colony , among the player ' s many tasks is mining for silicon ( in german : \" silizium \" ) to produce computer chips .", "german players , however , had to mine \" silikon \" ( silicone ) .", "admittedly a very deceptive false friend , but come on . . . the german demo ( and possibly the retail version ) of 1998 ' s spec ops : rangers lead the way had a hilariously bablefish - translated readme file attached .", "the highlights : ( u . s . army ) rangers turn into ( forest ) rangers , i . e . men who work in the woods taking care of trees and animal populations etc .", "( förster ) .", "navy seals turn into literal seals i . e . something that locks a door or similar for good ( versiegelung ) .", "then there ' s the multitude of different first - generation 3d accelerator chip brands that are translated literally : stingray 3d ( stachelrochen 3d ) , orchid righteous ( rechtschaffende orchidee ) . . . terraria has multiple languages as of version 1 .", "2 . however , at least in the german language , the word \" close \" as in \" close a window \" has been translated as \" close by \" .", "furthermore , the word \" save \" as in \" save the game \" has been translated to mean \" save \" as in \" save money \" .", "tales of symphonia had a very basic , but horrible translation mistake during the scene of sheena attempting to make a contract with water spirit undine , but she can ' t because undine is still bound to a contract with a summoner called ' mithos ' .", "the line in question has sheena say that they ' don ' t even known where this mithos guy is ' and is what the english dub says .", "the german translation translated where as wer , which in german means who .", "the correct word would be wo .", "it ' s a very simple mistake that a lot of people make at first , because the english and german words for where / wo and who / wer are pronounced similarly .", "the italian translation of king ' s field iv is notorious in the italian video game community for being the best example of this trope .", "both voice lines and text lines are so hilarious that the game is mostly played to laughing at the translation .", "the translators clearly didn ' t have a single clue about italian language and made everything up with a translator engine : for example , \" equipment \" became \" equipaggio \" , that means \" crew \" , and you can find weapons like the \" spada che uccide \" ( \" the sword that kills \" ) and the \" club legno \" ( \" wooden club \" , where \" wooden \" was translated and \" club \" was not ) , and in addition to that they probably had to cope with memory segments for texts and the fixed lenght of fm vs : the results are that some words were abbreviated or changed to something else with less characters ( the infamous \" h20 \" instead of \" water \" , \" acqua \" in italian ) .", "and then , there is the incredible intro fmv , where the voice actor doesn ' t even try to pretend to be italian and everything is randomly speeded up to match the fmv ' s lenght .", "salt and sanctuary : if you are italian or capable of understand the italian language , you must play this game with the italian translation .", "everything is translated with a translator engine , the translators literally fed all the texts to a software and then ctrl + v the results into the game without even bothering to check a single word .", "the best example of this is \" strike defense \" translated to \" difesa sciopero \" : \" sciopero \" is the italian translation of \" strike \" as \" to refuse to continue working because of an argument with an employer about working conditions , pay levels , or job losses \" .", "the original grand theft auto ' s italian translation seems to be fine for the most part , but it has at least one mistake .", "one of the missions in the first scenario begins with the text , \" bubby ' s wife , skye , has been visitin ' a friend in central estoria .", "go get her . \"", "the italian translator translated the last three words as \" vai a farla fuori . \"", "the problem is , \" farla fuori \" means \" get her \" as in \" kill her \" — whereas the intended meaning was simply \" pick her up \" .", "in other messages , the game makes it clear in both languages that killing skye is supposed to be a bad thing .", "happens many , many times when translating games to italian .", "for instance , in shogo : mobile armor division , they translated \" intelligence \" , as in \" military intelligence \" , as \" intelligenza \" , which means \" intelligence \" as in \" intelligence quotient \" .", "in the italian version of the official the emperor ' s new groove videogame , at the very beginning they end up mistranslating ' lethal drops ' as ' gocce letali ' , which is technically correct , but in italian ' gocce ' means drops of a liquid , while ' burroni ' suits the game ' s use of the word ' drops ' much better .", "the italian version of the adventure game cruise for a corpse .", "delphine software ( which was a french company ) didn ' t hire professional translators and handled translation by itself - the results have to be seen to be believed .", "for instance , the title was translated as \" crociata per un cadavere \" , which means \" crusade ( no , i ' m not joking ) for a corpse \" , with \" for \" meaning \" in favor of \" !", "add to that dialogue translations ranging from hilariously bad to completely nonsensical and you ' ve got one hell of an unplayable game version - most of the time you can hardly understand what people are telling you .", "the italian translation of shantae and the pirates curse is an utter mess .", "item descriptions in the shop are blatantly translated with google translate , at a certain point shantae starts talking like yoda for no reason . . . and the weirdest error : \" ham smell \" was translated as \" puzza di prosciutto \" ( \" ham stench \" ) .", "the italian instructions for the original sonic the hedgehog called the main character \" the sonic \" all the time .", "in star wars : galactic battlegrounds , the italian translation got a really nice error : someone translated \" carbon \" into \" carbone \" , which in italian means \" coal \" .", "who could seriously think to produce durasteel for darktroopers armor and whatnot with coal ?", "this mistake probably occured due to the fact that , in latin ( the root language for italian ) , \" carbo \" means \" coal \" .", "and coal is composed of carbon .", "the italian version of zoocube translated the word \" ostrich \" as \" ostrica \" . \"", "ostrica \" is italian for \" oyster \" , a correct translation would be \" struzzo \" . \"", "tap to select hot anime \" becoming \" tap forselect hot anime \" , with \" hot \" meaning \" high temperature \" .", "the japanese version of call of duty : black ops ii has a score of translation errors , as noted by kotaku right here .", "the official japanese translation of later modern warfare games has plenty of problems - most infamously in the level \" no russian \" , the title drop of \" remember , no russian \" was translated to mean \" kill them , the russians \" — not entirely inappropriate to the result of the mission , mind you , but entirely different from the intended meaning ( one character warning his squadmates not to speak in russian so as to appear as american terrorists ) .", "the japanese version of peta ' s flash game new super chick sisters translates bowser as バウザー ( bauzā ) .", "this is absolutely an acceptable translation and is used in several places in japanese works , but it is never used in direct reference to the character , who is always クッパ ( kuppa ) .", "it also obscures a quote from super mario rpg by translating the exclamation in \" fungah !", "foiled again ! \"", "as フンガー ( fungā ) instead of フンギャ ( fungya ) and translating the second half of the line , which was added in localization and didn ' t exist in the japanese version .", "resident evil 4 has one error only apparent if played in japanese .", "there is a monster called \" colmillos \" , spanish for \" fangs \" .", "the name is rendered into japanese as コルミロス korumirosu which is not at all how colmillos would be pronounced in spanish .", "most japanese - spanish dictionaries would have given コルミージョス korumījosu as a more accurate japanese approximation .", "microsoft ' s 1994 advertising slogan \" where do you want to go today ? \"", "was reported as being the victim of an unfortunate translation error ; it is easy enough to translate , but the translator felt the need to indicate that it was an implied offer of help rather than merely a question , and translated it as : \" if you don ' t know where you ' re going we ' ll make sure you get taken there . \"", "there was a particularly bizarre ( and hilarious ) russian translation of empire earth ii . \"", "composite bowmen \" apparently equals \" complicated men of bowing \" .", "a korean faction named \" chou \" ? \"", "a tube made out of paste \" ( presumably connected to choux pastry ?", ") .", "in one of the russian localizations of the first half - life game , the chapter name \" we ' ve got hostiles \" was translated as \" we ' ve got hostels \" .", "a russian translation of halo : combat evolved left all of the voice - overs alone , but replaced all the text .", "it seems that it was done by either a computer , or someone who has no idea what they are doing .", "the first mission ' s objective of \" find captain keyes \" became \" find the captain ' s keys \" .", "a pirate russian translation of heroes of might and magic iv had one distinctive mistake in it : all of the the buttons labeled \" back \" , instead of being translated as in \" go back \" ( \" nazad \" ) were translated like the part of the body ( \" spina \" ) .", "also , one pirate russian translation of heroes of might and magic v : hammer ' s of fate was made with autotranslator , which led to some hilarious phrases , for example , original phrase \" give us the child and surrender \" became \" daite nam rebenka i sdachu \" , which means \" give us the child and a change \" .", "that is , like the bought a child in a shop .", "the strange thing is that the game was made by a russian developer .", "the russian version of mass effect 2 , full stop .", "there is everything : mistranslations , text that wasn ' t in the original , missed text from the original , they screwed up even the font .", "plus , half the names from the translation of the original ( done by entirely different company ) was carried over , while the other half wasn ' t . the russian version of mass effect 3 was a bit better , but not much .", "even worse with the most recent citadel dlc .", "you might think they used voice files to make their translation , because this is the only way one can confuse \" odd earth custom or . . . \" with \" odd earth customer \" .", "and again they didn ' t bother to carry over names from the translation of mass effect 2 . russian version of max payne had horrible voice actors , poor font decisions , some translation mistakes .", "plus , the voice actors talked so slow that a lot of text that was in the comic cutscenes was cut away .", "the russian version of max payne 2 : the fall of max payne was not much better , either .", "some of the scenes are poorly edited , sometimes leaving out the english voices , as seen here .", "in the original sims ' makin ' magic , you can have a cat - sized pet dragon which you can , among other things , pet and groom ( as in clean with a brush ) .", "a russian version of the game used the wrong meaning of ' groom ' , and translated it to mean \" the guy who marries the bride \" .", "the overmind from starcraft was blatantly translated in russian as \" nadmozg \" ( \" abovebrain \" ) .", "later , it was adapted as a nickname for a poor translator ( usually of movies or video games ) .", "also , \" terran \" was assumed to be a name , so every terran unit ' s name was something like \" terran ' s siege tank \" .", "oh , the russian version of metal gear solid v : ground zeroes .", "there are only few sentences that aren ' t broken .", "for example , \" kadzihurra miller \" , \" press the button of start \" , or \" you peeking witch !", "\" .", "or these brilliant sentences , such as \" huey makes a big damage to huge boss ' s people , and his influence made a quicker arms race at the mom ' s base \" , \" snake , you ' re going on a coward objective \" , or \" snake and his partner were running a small shop with military goods \" from the peace walker backstory .", "though the translation was apparently made by a russian woman who didn ' t know anything about metal gear , the way it reads you ' d think she didn ' t know any russian either .", "the translation was patched soon enough , but it still has some hiccups .", "while mostly averted in the russian version of empire : total war , which seems to have been translated by professionals , there is one glaring mistake .", "the carolinas territory in north america is translated as caroline islands ( an archipelago in the pacific ) , which can confuse some people , since they ' re not islands .", "true , both the carolina states and the caroline islands are frequently referred to as \" carolinas \" , but the difference should be plainly obvious .", "in the elder scrolls v : skyrim , the waking nightmare quest was translated as ' walking nightmare ' , probably due to misreading .", "it ' s quite common to mistranslate ' morale ' in strategy games as ' morality ' .", "it should be noted that a good deal of games that let you customize your character or just choose between different characters with different genders will often end up running the game ' s polish translator in a corner .", "like most other slavic languages , verb forms in the past tense or the subjunctive mood will differ depending on whether the speaker or the addressee is male or female .", "while sometimes it is possible to come up with an algorithm that will change the version of a sentence to be uttered taking into account those factors , whenever the game is actually provided with full voice acting , it becomes almost an impossibility .", "in these cases it ' s easier to just try your best to think of as gender - neutral a word choice as can be .", "aside from that , polish , much like most other non - english languages , has to suffer because of the necessity to differentiate between the singular and plural \" you \" , which tends to become an impossible to overcome obstacle whenever , for istance , you encounter an npc that will always address you the same way regardless of whether you have any companions with you at the moment .", "to make matters worse , polish , unlike most other slavic languages , can ' t resort to just using the polite ( plural ) form on everyone due to it being outdated and also having a communistic vibe to it .", "the polish version of beyond good & evil features the english voice track , and apparently translates the english idioms used in the game very . . . er , literally . \"", "this button has no fruit juice . \"", "the otherwise acceptable translation of fallout 3 contains a really bad pun , changing the name of villain antagonizer into what can be most closely re - translated as \" entomology mcant \" ( although translating the nickname \" three dog \" literally is a close second ) .", "curiously , most failed translations come from one and the same distributor .", "of course , \" antagonizer \" is already a terrible pun to begin with , so . . . \" lincoln ' s repeater \" was translated as \" lincoln ' s semi - automatic rifle \" .", "if you know at least a bit about guns you ' ll rage .", "the point lookout dlc fares no better .", "the location \" lil ' tyke playhouse \" is named as if \" tyke \" was the name of a specific character , while the \" backwater rifle \" weapon is translated as \" a rifle from backwater \" as if , again , backwater was a specific location .", "the polish translation of jagged alliance 2 , while being mediocre overall , contains some really idiotic translations , like the phrase \" i could use a hand here \" being translated literally ( hand as body part , not \" help \" ) and wolf ' s quote \" stay alert , they ' ll probably pop out the moment we drop our guard \" being turned into \" stay alert , they ' ll probably jump out when we take out the guards \" in the subtitles ( only text was translated , as opposed to the expansion pack . . . ) .", "witch - king : pathetic female warrior .", "éowyn : i will kill you if you touch him .", "witch - king : kill me ?", "fool .", "no living being can slay me .", "éowyn : i am not male .", "you look upon a female .", "the polish translation of the orange box ( half - life 2 , episode one , episode two , portal and team fortress 2 ) was obviously done by someone who never played or even seen the games .", "the whole thing was obviously rushed and different games are incosnistent with one another , most notably referring to city 17 as just that in the original , only to turn it into a \" miasto 17 \" in the episodes .", "aside from that , portal ' s female protagonist , chell , is male throughout the whole game . \"", "[ security ] breach \" is translated as \" a cave \" and \" breach of internal base defenses \" ( that is , enemies getting past your defenses ) as \" resistance of the internal base defenses \" ( what ?", "have your own defenses turned on you or what ?", ") .", "in fact , if you don ' t know english , then playing with polish subtitles will leave you completely confused .", "it ' s especially tragic to see portal ' s trademark dark humor and creepiness completely ruined , because most of the lines in the game are mangled beyond recognition .", "note \" live - fire course \" has somehow turned into \" live fireproofing test \" , for starters .", "and that ' s just the tip of the cringe - inducing iceberg .", "polish translation of prince of persia : the sands of time while being fairly decent , contains one .", "when the prince rejects farah ' s proposition of covering him , because she could hit him , the dialogue in polish goes like this : farah : i ' ll cover you .", "prince : please , don ' t . your duty is to hit me .", "it actually sounds rather close to snark .", "and this is the prince .", "( originally he said \" you ' re liable to hit me \" - \" liable \" can mean either \" obliged \" or \" likely \" .", "the latter was the intended meaning , but the former is apparently what the translators went with . )", "the original assassin ' s creed is decent , especially considering that the translator had to work exclusively on the audio , which doesn ' t however excuse a rather jarring slip when \" men and women \" that were killed at a party are rendered as singular in the translation .", "granted , an untrained ear could have trouble distinguishing between \" man \" and \" men \" but that obviously doesn ' t apply to the other gender .", "the polish version of scrapland is just atrocious , translating \" they ' re engaged \" as \" everyone is busy \" ( original voiceover says \" they ' re engaged \" , referring to a female robot and the big bad , polish subtitles say \" everyone is busy \" completely out of the ass ) .", "more confusing is translating \" stapler \" ( a type of robot ) as \" stapler \" through all of the game with an exception of a story mission objective , where it ' s translated as \" officebot \" ( biuras ) , very similar to the polish name of \" messenger \" ( another type of robot ) .", "the polish version of simcity 4 : rush hour qualifies .", "oh , so much .", "for example , \" free ride \" was translated as \" darmowa jazda \" . . . \" darmowa \" means \" free \" as in , \" for free \" .", "another example , the \" abduction \" function of the ufo was translated as \" obdukcja \" . . . which means \" autopsy \" .", "and the \" chopper \" bike in the vehicle selection in \" my sim \" mode was translated as \" helikopter \" . . . you can guess what that means .", "the polish version of submarine titans translated depth mines ( as in explosives used to sink subs ) as głębokość kopalni ( the depth of the mine , i . e dig site ) , while increased mine productivity ( yielding faster resource production ) as ziększona produktywność min ( min is a dative of miny - explosive charges ) .", "in the polish version of worms 4 : mayhem , weapon known as flood has been translated as żywność , which means . . . food ( the correct translation should be powódź or potop ) .", "worms armageddon has an official polish translation which occasionally cuts on some humor but is perfectly legible , and also mostly consistent with localizations of later worms games .", "however , it also has a relatively widespread apparently bootleg version of various sins , and inconsistency with official releases is the least of them .", "random swearing is introduced into commentary , but it ' s still nothing compared to non sequiturs such as false friend translation skip \" mole bomb \" becoming \" bombomol \" , \" clothing moth bomb \" , and \" patsy ' s magic bullet \" somehow morphing into \" kula magiczna koz & # 322a \" , which is going to be read by anyone aware of enough fairy tales or fantasy as \" billygoat ' s magic ball \" , with further implications that the goat represents satan .", "hitman : blood money is poorly localized in general , but the mission a dance with the devil contains a particular gem - maynard john calls 47 an \" experiment with genetic tinkertoys \" ( referring to the popular toy brand ) . . . which is translated as him saying that 47 is a product of a genetic engineering corporation called tinkertoys .", "assassin ' s creed : brotherhood has the indian diamond item translated with the adjective \" indiański \" rather than \" indyjski \" , turning it to mean that it ' s a native american gemstone - something that would be quite unlikely to be found in early 16th century italy .", "the original ( subtitled ) translation to the cult status - holding broken sword ii : the smoking mirror had a few slips here and there , most of which were fixed in the game ' s re - releases in the following years .", "those included nico ' s \" i ran out of the couch \" as \" i fled the couch \" instead of \" there was no more room on the couch \" .", "although considering that nico actually does jump off the couch immediately afterwards , it may be seen as a bizzare case of lucky translation .", "as if simon the sorcerer 3d wasn ' t already bad enough , the polish translation might just as well have put it out of its misery .", "the text gets so incomprehensible in places you could swear it was mashed up by google translate , all of it gleefully read by an otherwise decent cast .", "an example includes \" a pain in the neck \" translated into a literal \" pain in the neck \" , a phrase that , predictaly , has absolutely no meaning in polish .", "some reviewers , who would have normally rated the game as just mediocre , went on the record by saying the 1 or 2 out of 10 they gave it in the end was due to the atrocious translation alone .", "note one claimed he had to literally back - translate the entire thing into english in his mind just so he could get the slightest clue as to what the hell everybody was saying .", "post mortem is another example of a well - dubbed game that got partially butchered in the localization process .", "the translator was apparently unaware that the phrase \" don ' t mention it \" can in some context mean \" you ' re welcome , no need to thank me \" rather than a suspicious - sounding \" please , tell nobody about this \" , nor had they ever heard any sentence employing \" if it weren ' t for you \" , which was ultimately rendered as a meaningless \" if this [ as in , some unspecified object ] wasn ' t from you \" .", "a mediocre adventure game the watchmaker , almost totally unknown outside of its native italy and , apparently , poland , suffered in the translation department , however that ' s partly due to the \" original \" english text being devoid of a good chunk of punctuation marks , which would easily confuse any translator without access to the actual game , and so \" don ' t think you ' re going to get away with this steven \" ( sic ) became \" don ' t think you ' re going to elope with this steven \" [ as in , \" this person whose name is steven \" ] .", "there ' s plenty more to go around .", "the longest journey is held in wide regard as one of the best translations in poland ' s gaming history , mostly due to a really good voice cast , but it still didn ' t avoid at least a few missteps along the way .", "upon trying to catch a worm aboard the ship , for instance , april will exclaim \" dang ! \"", "whenever she misses and the translation simply leaves it as \" dang ! \"", "without much care for meaning .", "dreamfall avoided similar issues for the most part , save for the section in which zoë encounters an inn tender and asks her whether the language they ' re speaking is english , it is rendered in the polish dubbing as , appropriately enough , \" po polsku \" ( \" in polish \" ) , whereas in the subtitles we can read \" po angielsku \" ( \" in english \" ) .", "the hungarian dub of the witcher completely kills the game ' s climax with an obviously context - deprived translation .", "as geralt is about to use his silver sword to kill de aldersberg , the villain exclaims \" that sword is for monsters !", "\" .", "in the hungarian version , this is translated to \" i use this sword against monsters \" .", "there ' s a glaring example in the hungarian translation of one of the starcraft books , shadow of the xel ' naga : the phrase \" wanderers from afar \" ( canonical poetic name of the protoss ) was translated as \" wanderers of afar \" .", "as in , afar remaining un - translated ; resulting in \" afar vándorai \" instead of \" messzi vándorok \" .", "the translator probably didn ' t know that \" afar \" is an english word too . . . in the finnish back - of - the - box blurb for escape from monkey island , despite there being a boatload of possible piratey phrases to use in finnish ( for example ' myrsky ja mylväys ' , the finnish version of the german ' sturm und drang ' , meaning ' storm and stress ' ) , ' shiver me timbers ' was translated directly as ' täristele puitani ' , which sounds more like ' shake my trees ' than anything else .", "in the the original the sims , clicking on a skunk will cause the option \" pet \" to pop up .", "choosing it will make your sim attempt petting the creature , with invariably stinky results .", "in the finnish version , however , the command was translated as \" lemmikki \" , which is the word for the domesticated animal , not the act of petting something .", "this can cause the player to believe that choosing the action will make the sim try and get the skunk to be their pet , which is not possible .", "in the sims 2 , you are given the option to \" fire \" a nanny if you want to .", "in an early version , however , it was translated in finnish as \" ammu \" , which means \" shoot \" .", "one can only imagine the disappointent of the players who expected their sim to pull out a gun on the offending nanny . . . a lot of genesis games had multilingual manuals in europe with several languages present on every page , each of them seperated in their own column which also often had duplicates of whatever screenshot they had originally used there .", "this naturally often lead into unintentional hilarity , such as the streets of rage manual calling blaze fielding pekka peltonen in finnish , a hilariously generic male name .", "the manual for quackshot replaced the universally accepted finnish translation of gyro gearloose ( pelle peloton ) with a much more literal and a lot more confusing valle vaihteeton .", "considering how ridiculously popular donald duck has always been here , you ' d think they would ' ve bothered to look it up a bit more .", "the swedish translation of dungeon keeper annoyingly translates \" your minion has fallen in battle \" as \" din underhuggare har hamnat i en strid \" , which actually means \" your minion has ended up in a fight \" .", "it also translates the name of the \" mistress of the dark \" character as \" mörkrets älskarinna \" , which is technically correct . . . except that \" älskarinna \" means \" mistress \" as in \" lover \" , not as in \" ruler \" .", "also , if you try dropping coins in the temple pools , the original will tell you that \" this is not a wishing - well \" .", "the swedish translation hilariously tells you that \" this is not a wish for well - being \" .", "add to this that in the manual , the monsters are listed in alphabetic order , except that the translator didn ' t bother to change them around when the translation meant that their names began with different letters . . . the swedish translation of the manual for super mario galaxy translated the word \" toad \" as \" frog \" .", "for those not in the know , mario \" toads \" are humanoid toadstools .", "( though in all fairness , toad and the toads do always sound like they have a frog in their throat . )", "it also translated \" ray \" not as the intended \" manta ray \" , but instead going for \" ray \" as in \" beam \" .", "the swedish translation of the sword of hope was clearly translated by someone with little knowledge of fantasy and mythology , leading to a lot of butchered terminology .", "most memorable is probably the translation of \" treant \" to \" trädmyra \" , literally \" tree ant \" .", "it is clearly depicted as a humanoid tree .", "also , whenever you came across a chest ( as in ' treasure chest ' ) , the translation treated it as the body part , thus making you wonder if you were involved in open heart surgery ( or if the chest was perhaps crafted from the above mentioned treants ) .", "the last of us : when ellie is trapped in a burning restaurant with the arc villain , one of the lines she whispers to him is \" creepy piece of shit ! \"", "in the norwegan subtitles , the translator apparently thought she was referring to the situation being scary instead of the person , and translated her line to \" skumle greier \" which means \" scary stuff \" .", "while the norwegian pokémon games remain untranslated , the original instruction booklet for pokémon red explained the \" cry \" - button on the pokédex as \" se om en pokémon gråter \" , literally \" see if a pokémon is crying \" .", "persian fan - translation of modern warfare suffers from extreme idiotic translation .", "one notable example is \" ditto \" for \" copy that \" .", "in deus ex : human revolution , mailboxes on the fictional chinese island of hengsha can be seen that say \" hengsha post \" on the side .", "however , the chinese characters used the translate the word \" post \" refer to something like a post on a bulletin board or message board rather than mail .", "also , the translation used for \" court \" in \" hengsha court garden \" actually means \" court of law \" in chinese .", "the deus ex : mankind divided sequel applies the same treatment to czech signs .", "for example \" do not enter [ the restricted area ] \" is translated as \" nezadávejte \" ( \" do not input \" ) , \" soft drink \" as \" jemný nápoj \" ( \" gentle drink \" ) and \" delivery storage room \" as \" dodávka komora \" ( \" van pantry \" ) .", "the dutch manual of gothic 2 translates ' turn undead ' as ' ondood worden ' , which means \" become undead \" . '", "turn undead ' is an attack that destroys undead .", "doubly stupid , because this is obviously the result of translating the ( itself faulty ) english translation back to dutch , instead of translating the original german version directly .", "there ' s no way you could confuse \" untote zerstören \" ( destroy undead ) with \" untoter werden \" ( become undead ) .", "triple ridiculous , because dutch and german are so similar and easy to translate into each other .", "while the subtitles of the czech version of assassin ' s creed iv : black flag are decent , the database entries can sometimes be legendarily bad .", "from translating \" caucasian man \" as \" man from the caucassus mountains \" ( a fairly common error ) , it goes to mistake the previous protagonist desmond miles for a woman and derive the meaning of what \" bleeding effect \" could possibly be from there , ending up with a sentence that can be paraphrased as : \" the public was relieved to hear [ desmond miles ] didn ' t seem to suffer from any residual periods . \"", "78641 - a targ adventure does this on purpose , claiming to be a translation of a \" hit esperanto interactive simulator \" .", "while the game itself is in wonderful engrish , the website takes the cake .", "you experience simulate the game with keyboard move / execute actions .", "game modes are following : sale mode , jump moon , card game , many more .", "you have to get as point as available .", "the ace attorney games are usually brilliantly translated and take woolseyism to a new level of awesomeness .", "in some places , however , stupid mistakes tend to sneak in .", "the most well - known , from the bad ending of justice for all , is \" the miracle never happen . \"", "a random joke in investigations was left in , but rendered somewhat awkwardly .", "examining the side of a building in the fifth case has kay deliver a line beginning with \" thief child says : \" , clearly a parody of lang ' s catchphrase , but it makes no sense unless you realize the lang xi in \" lang xi says : \" literally translates as \" wolf child \" .", "some mistakes are particularly noticeable because they ' re used consistently .", "for example , the final case of apollo justice uses \" jurist \" instead of \" juror \" throughout ( they are very different things in a criminal court ) , and investigations has \" make due \" instead of \" make do \" and \" secretariat \" instead of \" secretary \" ( with that last one being especially ironic , since it was also used by a malaproper in the first game , with the translation there presumably being intentional ) .", "the eroge fan game phoenix drive is extremely notorious for this , as it was translated by the developers themselves , who either plugged the game ' s script through a machine translator or only know enough english to spell words properly without knowing about proper sentence structure or syntax .", "castlevania : aria of sorrow translated \" rubicante \" as the unintentionally amusing \" lubicant \" , and \" scarmiglione \" became \" skull millione \" - take that , dante .", "likewise , an excellent way to annoy anyone with a passing familiarity with hindu mythology is to refer , as they did , to a certain bloodthirsty goddess as \" curly \" .", "the english translation of the magic of scheherezade also calls kali , \" curly \" .", "among other misnames .", "amusingly , kali from n ie r was originally called curly in the japanese version .", "castlevania 3 ' s translation from japanese to english mangled \" vernandes \" into \" belnades . \"", "an interesting subversion .", "the beginning of castlevania : symphony of the night is called \" final stage : bloodlines \" .", "most players assumed it meant the genesis game , castlevania : bloodlines .", "what it actually is , though , is the name of the final stage from castlevania : rondo of blood .", "castlevania : order of ecclesia renames the the item that bestows the double jump \" ordinary stone . \"", "the entire castlevania series has double - dipped this trope on numerous proper names , and then made those mistranslations canonical .", "one fairly well - known example is olrox , who is very plainly count orlok .", "the kicker is that this isn ' t to avoid copyright infringement , it ' s just mangled in double - conversion between western and japanese phonemes .", "chaos wars , a massive multiplayer crossover between several rpg series ( and shooter series gungrave for spice ) , was localized by o3 entertainment .", "leaving aside its bad voice acting , the translation itself was extremely poor .", "shadow hearts smug snake nicholi got his name translated as \" nicole \" , every single \" breath \" attack was translated as \" bless \" ( so you ' d better watch out when that red dragon uses its fire bless on you ) and - most glaringly - they translated the game title \" rebirth moon \" as \" reverse moon \" even though an english logo sits right below where they wrote this .", "there are many who argue for literal russian transliteration , arguing about \" nikolai \" versus \" nicholi \" . \"", "nicole \" , however , is hilarious .", "they also quite obviously never even glanced at the official translations of the games they take characters of ; they render the shadow hearts main known in the us as \" yuri \" as \" uru \" instead , and also render the \" hiyoko bug \" as a \" chick bug \" — although this is an accurate translation of hiyoko , the generation of chaos and spectral series games translated by nis america and atlus usa have always just left it as hiyoko . . they were probably going for ulmanov / urmanov , which is a legitimate russian name ( a surname actually ) , if kind of obscure .", "furthermore , at least some of these changes were unavoidable , as they would have needed to buy the rights to use the translated terms from the respective us companies .", "a mistake in the snes translation of chrono trigger has gaspar saying \" one of you is close to someone that needs help .", "find this person . . . fast \" , which seemed to imply the existence of an additional quest apart from the several he mentioned ( most often believed to be one to save schala ) ; further confusion arises from the fact that this line disappears once you defeat queen zeal ( and likely all of the other sidequests ) .", "in the ds remake , this is corrected to have him tell the player to speak to each of the party members for clues on the quests .", "melcior ' s response to seeing the rainbow shell is \" this is a very rare ! \"", "many gamers claim crusader of centy ' s \" the data have been saved \" is of bad translation , but is actually a grammatically correct sentence .", "( \" data \" is plural for the seldom - used \" datum \" ) .", "no such excuse for the rest of the game , though . . . digimon world data squad , translated by aksys gl , for years was the contender for worst translated digimon game ( then cyber sleuth happened ) .", "among it ' s screwups was translating \" mao \" , for the japanese phrase \" maou / ma - oh \" , which has previously been officially translated as \" demon lord \" in material dating back to saban ' s dubs of the series , and was currently in use at the time by disney .", "pertinent , as the entire game ?", "you are fighting the digimon franchise ' s seven demon lords .", "which only got worse when it was later revealed the bad guy wanted to create the \" cho - mao \" digimon .", "with the translated term ' s use by two companies known for censorship , and the game being rated e10 + ?", "the only remaining explaination is incompetence . \"", "bantyo \" instead of \" banchou \" .", "banchou ' s are the leaders of schoolyard delinquent gangs with an honorable code of conduct , the protagonist of digimon data squad , described as a street fighter in the dub , was a banchou .", "this is pertinent , as one of the digimon fought is banchou leomon , and the entire fight revolves around him caring more about his title than the duties held by a banchou .", "due to the translation error and the fauilure to translate the term , the reason why they are fighting is completely unintelligible .", "as an addendum to the above ?", "then digimon story cyber sleuth happened !", "whoever was responsible for this one did not understand anything about how translation works , almost every technology pun entirely lost . \"", "junk park \" translated as \" galacta park \" \" coulomb city \" changed to kowloon . . . the list just goes on and on .", "not made any better by how many lines were entirely rewritten , which was plainly notable by a lot of players who understood japanese .", "while the game won multiple awards in asian markets and won game of the year , the awfulness of the english localization caused it to tank in reception outside of die hard fans .", "one of the best scenes of the game was ruined by the foolish substitution of \" digifuse \" in place of the simple declaration of \" gattai / combine \" , which is a pretty common phrase seen of so many series the expectation of the correct translation is automatic .", "worse , digifuse ( or digixros as it ' s also known ) refers to a specific type of combination , and you cannot substitute in a specific term in place of a more generalized term .", "not helped that the specific type of combination that was taking place ?", "it ' s a type of fusion known as \" jogress / dna digivolution \" , which by established series lore could not be more different .", "this is only exasperated , by digifuse not existing in the game , while dna digivolution was a regularly used and established concept in the game ' s digimon raising .", "thus this fails in making anyone not familiar with the franchise scratch their heads on what digifuse even is .", "the sea version of the mmorpg dragon nest has some very inconsistent and sometimes word for word translations into english .", "while it can be slightly funny in the beginning ◊ , at some point the quest texts start turning into gibberish .", "some cutscenes also have completely different lines in the subtitles than the voiced lines .", "some quest texts tell you to go to one dungeon when you have to go to another completely different dungeon located in a different map .", "one quest in particular has the quest giver npc tell you to go to one place , the quest text tell you to go to another , and both are wrong .", "a few quests , and the chapters 8 , 9 , and extra chapter 1 of the main story are actually left untranslated ( though the cutscenes have english subtitles ) .", "but since this version of the game uses the english standard of characters , all the text turns into squares ◊ , except for the player ' s name and the lines where the player must pick an answer .", "there is not much consistency , either .", "paralyze and stun sometimes overlap in skill / equipment descriptions , and sometimes a skill says it \" can only be used when paralyzed \" , when in fact it can be used whenever you ' re staggered .", "the term \" fatigue \" is used for both the ftg status every character has , and lancea ' s unique self debuff caused by all skills in the erratic power skill tree .", "gargoyles are often called gargoiles , minotaurs become minitaurs , and sometimes characters have their names romanized in different ways in the same conversation .", "skill tooltips often forget to mention something , and some have actual wrong information .", "e . g . acrobat ' s spirit shot ' s tooltip says it ' s a magical attack when it ' s actually physical , tempest ' s hurricane dance never mentions you can use the special attack button to activate double somersault kick after using it , and sting breezer ' s poking beehive ex says you have to hit your piercing spikes with it for them to explode but you can actually just cast poking beehive ex wherever you want and the spikes will explode anyway .", "terry looked in front .", "there are some yummy food .", "the mmorpg fairy story online has terrible translations .", "one questionable mistranslation is that the mages are in the ' naughty ' type , contrast with the somewhat correct ' sympthathetics ' and ' braves ' .", "the fatal fury series is no stranger to bad translations , but the best of the lot is in fatal fury special .", "krauser ' s ending shows a picture of him holding a glass of wine , with the text below stating \" wow !", "what a tough !", "\" .", "whilst this is already pretty funny , the clincher is that the endings also contained voice acting .", "krauser ' s voice actor repeated this incredibly silly line without any alteration .", "seeing as he was the only voice actor in the game whose first language was english , you ' d have thought he ' d have pointed this out !", "final fantasy iv ( the snes translation ) has a lot of translation errors .", "because of square ' s policy at the time all of the translation had to be done in - house in japan , it resulted in a lot of typos , punctuation errors , and enemy name butchery .", "for example , \" white dragon \" was translated as \" pale dim . \"", "though it ' s mostly from no a ' s iron - fisted censorship , how they got dim from dragon is a riddle of the ages .", "more a case of lack of playtesting , but the spanish translation of iv advance has rosa ' s mother ask where her daughter \" name _ roza ) \" is .", "additionally , the translators accidentally filled in the blanks , meaning tellah was edward / gilbart ' s father .", "seeing how the whole \" spoony bard \" incident woudn ' t make any sense , the ps1 versions and onward fixed this error .", "scarmiglione , cagnazzo , barbariccia , rubicante , and calcabrina had their names translated as milon , kainazzo , valvalis , rubicant ( there ' s a difference ) , and calbrena in the snes version .", "someone didn ' t catch the the divine comedy references . . . according to the ios version of the game , cecil is the \" load captain \" ( lord captain ) of the red wings .", "the ios remake of final fantasy iv : the after years ( at least initially ) overlooked golbez ' s dub name change in one instance , calling him \" golbeza \" on the menu screen .", "the dialogue of the snes version borders on translation train wreck .", "some highlights include \" do not fight now !", "fighting when mist will freeze you with breath ! \"", "and \" you , the man of darkness , using it does not mean anything to me , you fools ! \"", "the famous \" spoony bard \" line , however , actually is correct english . \"", "spoony \" is an obscure , but valid , english word meaning , roughly , a sentimental fool .", "hence why that line was not fixed in the remake , which fixed many of the mistakes .", "the developers even inserted a note into the game regarding this saying , \" but the bard was spoony , we checked . \"", "the j2e fan translation of final fantasy iv was pretty bad - lack of respect for official terminology ( クアル / cure became \" keal \" , pretty far removed from both ) , overuse of swearing , entire lines of dialogue made up out of thin air or taken from the snes translation ( tellah ' s \" you spoony bard \" , scarmiglione remarking that \" you beat me twice \" ) , shoehorned 1990s pop culture references , misspellings , and a general sense of unprofessionalism .", "one problem in particular sticks out , though : there ' s a dungeon partway through the game with an unusually strong magnetic field inside that prevents metallic weapons and armor from being used .", "the fan translators apparently consistently misread \" jiryoku \" ( magnetic force ) as \" juuryoku \" ( gravity ) .", "plot holes arise , of course , in that it ' s never explained why the characters can still move normally despite the increased gravity , or why metallic items can ' t be used in it .", "final fantasy v ( the ps1 translation ) has a character named faris , who was adopted at a very young age .", "as it turns out , her real name is sarisa , and her adoptive name was simply all she could pronounce at the time .", "the english translator apparently never got the joke and instead went with . . . \" salsa \" .", "there were also several notoriously badly translated enemy names .", "the wyvern enemy was rendered in said translation as \" y - burn \" .", "there was also a squid enemy called \" soccer \" .", "people were left wondering what connection this mollusk had to footy until the gba remake , where the enemy ' s name was properly transliterated as \" sucker \" .", "not to mention , the name of the first boss . \"", "karl boss \" ( actually karabos ) , anyone ?", "final fantasy vi wasn ' t quite as bad as some of the other games in the series due to the woolseyisms , but it still had its moments of jarring dialog .", "for example , when terra , edgar and banon are visiting narshe and about to open locke ' s secret passage into the mines , terra says \" somethihg \" instead of \" something . \"", "and , of course , there ' s the classic \" i owe you one , so i ' m going to jam up your opera \" line from ultros that wasn ' t fixed on the gba .", "the game also mistranslated \" biggs \" as \" vicks . \"", "in addition , the spell \" meltdown \" became \" merton \" — even if they had to change it because of character name limits , surely they could have come up with something that didn ' t evoke a certain sociologist .", "final fantasy vii had its own translation issues ◊ .", "the french translation also has some pearls like \" i am one of the rightful heirs to this planet \" , which was better translated by google than it was in the game itself .", "it all starts in the title screen credits with \" executive produce . \"", "the guard scorpion is supposed to be a warmup boss , with a simple gimmick to show off the active - time battle system ; attacking at the wrong time note namely , when its tail is pointing upwards will result in a nasty counterattack .", "however , cloud ' s advice on how to fight it was worded awkwardly and the gap between the messages appearing made it misleading , leading to players doing the exact opposite of what they had to do .", "cloud yells \" barret , be careful !", "attack while its tail ' s up !", "it ' ll counterattack with its laser ! \"", "\" attack while its tail ' s up ! \"", "appeared in its own textbox , making it seem like a definite command , rather than a warning against it .", "on top of this , some lines were accidentally duplicated and assigned to different characters .", "a localiser then combed through the dialogue and played with it to give each character their distinctive ' voice ' .", "the results are mystifying : ( context - cloud is about to enter a brothel . )", "cloud : \" . . . hmm .", "that ' s how you ' ll fool them . \"", "aeris : \" . . . . . . . . . hmmmmmmm .", "so that ' s how you fooled them . \"", "final fantasy vii also gives us the classic boss name mistranslation \" safer sephiroth \" , which is not actually \" safer \" by any stretch of the imagination .", "it ' s meant to be \" sefer \" , which is hebrew and goes with the kabbalah reference in sephiroth ' s name , and possibly \" seraph , \" which is the name of the six - winged creatures that stood in heaven ' s throne room .", "bizarro sephiroth is often thought to be this , but it ' s actually something of a clumsy woolseyism - the katakana for the name is リバース セフィロス ( ribāsu sefirosu ) , which can be read as either \" rebirth sephiroth \" or \" reverse sephiroth \" .", "since both could potentially fit , the translators decided to take a third option instead .", "speaking of final fantasy vii , the english translation had a minor error in one of cloud ' s limit break moves .", "it was supposed to be \" climb hazard \" ( \" kuraimu hazādo \" in japanese , referencing the attack ' s effectiveness against aerial enemies ) , but was mistranslated into english as \" climhazzard \" .", "that isn ' t the only mistranslated limit break that wasn ' t intentionally renamed .", "although corrected in rereleases , barret ' s ungarmax is meant to be \" angermax \" , and it ' s likely that cross - slash is meant to be \" curse - slash \" , given its status infliction and japanese kanji that appears with the strike .", "another final fantasy vii example is translating odin ' s \" gunguniru \" ( gungnir , odin ' s spear from mythology ) as \" gunge lance \" , leaving english players wondering what the hell slime has to do with the attack .", "likewise , his zantetsuken attack which literally translates to \" iron - cutting sword \" and is generally left untranslated in every ff game after 7 , was translated as steel - bladed sword .", "note pretty much every sword in the world has a steel blade , and steel probably couldn ' t cut iron .", "then again , maybe in ff7 ' s world , steel is some kind of wondrous divine material that ' s even better than mithril .", "even worse is the german version , which was obviously translated from the english one .", "why ?", "because every other english line is left untranslated .", "and no , it ' s not a case of gratuitous english , when random lines like \" he ' s scary ! \"", "or \" i ' m so nervous \" suddenly appear in an all - german text for no reason .", "when yuffie asks cloud to give her all the materia after they have defeated sephiroth , the translators apparently decided to take a break in the middle of their work and ended up forgetting to finish the translation of one textbox which resulted in the ( in german communities often quoted and by now legendary ) sentence \" it ' s all in there , read it sorgfältig durch \" ( read it carefully ) .", "this made the quote unintentionally comical and people still refer to it as a prime example of bad translations .", "also , some attack and weapon names were mistranslated horribly .", "for example , \" drain \" became \" rohr , \" which means \" sewer - pipe \" instead of \" to drain of something \" , and materia and spell names often got varying translations in different places of the game .", "it was often hard to make out what you actually just equipped .", "speaking of germany in final fantasy vii , let ' s not forget that \" ahriman \" was translated as \" allemagne \" , the french word for germany .", "on top of some very strange . . . choices , what was especially baffling about the french translation was that there were sometimes missing words or , at the other end of the spectrum , words or entire sentences repeated for no reason .", "in spain , ahriman was translated to alemania , spanish for germany .", "also , the translators managed to call aeris both a woman and a man in the very same dialog box , multiple times ( and did that to tifa and jesse , and probably any female character , too ) .", "and allévoy , a typo of allá voy ( here i come ) is an actual meme .", "sífilo is a meme too ; it ' s one of many typos of sephiroth / sefirot that happens to look ( and sound ) very similar to syphilis .", "also , when you talk with a child in costa del sol , he says , more or less it hurts when you kick [ the ball ] with your bare feet ; in spanish , it got translated to it hurts when you kick me with your bare feet .", "yuffie says let ' s go instead of let go to don corneo ' s henchmen , and the time when she says gross - ness is just untranslated .", "oh , and absorb mp materia , in some games , had the description text : summons knights of the round table .", "spanish translation for ffvii was horribly catastrophic .", "it could have its own wiki .", "strangely enough , in the aforementioned horrible spanish translation , cloud correctly indicates barret to not attack the guard scorpion when its tail is up .", "guess even a broken clock is right twice a day .", "in one treasure chest in inside of gaea ' s cliff , you find an item called \" last elixir \" , but when examining your inventory , no such item can be found .", "it turns out \" last elixir \" is just the japanese name for megalixir , and the translation team simply forgot to change the name in that one instance .", "final fantasy tactics has a notoriously bad translation , with such gems as mistranslating \" fire breath \" as \" fire bracelet \" , and being totally inconsistent with name spellings ( such as luveria / ruvelia ) .", "the game also has a baffling number of bizarre spelling errors and quite a few odd expressions brought on by procedurally generated text ( \" thanks to squire , we succeeded \" when having a squire in a proposition party helped ) .", "thankfully , the psp port fixed that problem with a brand new translation that actually makes sense ( and is in fact pretty cool ) .", "and now you know how the assassins ' \" stop bracelet \" could cause instant death . \"", "defeat dycedarg ' s elder brother \" , an infamous mission instruction , actually means for you to \" defeat your elder brother , dycedarg \" since dycedarg has no elder brother , and dycedarg is the elder brother of both the protagonist and an npc who assists you during the fight .", "one final fantasy x fan , dissatisfied with the english voice dub , was hoping to play a subtitled copy bought on ebay .", "instead that person got something else entirely .", "the \" guado \" race is now the \" chubby \" race , \" jyscal \" is \" jessica , \" and walter ( wakka ) is a good egg .", "of course , this is actually a parody of bad translations .", "there ' s also a surprising amount of ho yay in the translation , such as \" i feel happy that walter wants to arouse me \" .", "final fantasy xiv : the out - sourced translators originally screwed up chocobo .", "always written チョコボ ( chokobo ) / chocobo , both in japanese and english , the initial translation of the game instead used 馬鳥 ( umatori ) , which was subsequently direct - translated to ' horse - bird ' .", "even better , fan outcry - spurred change resulted in a global correction to chocopo .", "it was fixed ( for real ) soon after .", "after the garo series crossover content patch added in special armors and titles from that franchise into the game as pvp rewards , players found the title for the makai knight \" dan \" ( the armor being for dragoons ) , had been mistranslated as \" dam \" . . . despite at no point in japanese - to - english translation does ' n ' ever convert into an ' m ' .", "this would end up patched after a month , before which the \" dam \" title quickly became the most popular of the event titles to be seen used by players .", "according to the translators , however , executive meddling is the reason for most of these changes , as apparently the players were supposed to figure out the references themselves .", "while it ' s often said that the boss valia pira was supposed to be barrier pillar , the katakana for the boss ' s name actually deliberately uses the \" va \" katakana - they write it as ヴァリアピラ ( varia pira ) , whereas \" barrier pillar \" would be バリアピラー ( baria pirā - also note the long \" a \" sound ) .", "quina ' s limit glove move is another case of this - it ' s often thought to be \" limit globe \" , but again , it ' s deliberately spelled with the \" vu \" katakana - リミットグローヴ ( rimitto gurōvu ) , instead of リミットグローブ ( rimitto gurōbu ) .", "even final fantasy i had an example of this .", "the english translation rendered marilith ' s name as kary due to the lack of usable space for names .", "it was actually supposed to be kālī , a reference to the hindu goddess of the same name .", "final fight suffered from nonsensical names that were supposed to be something else .", "in particular , mixups with the katakana for \" to \" and \" do \" ( exactly the same except for two little marks ) and the translator never knowing for sure whether it was supposed to mean \" to / do \" or \" t / d \" .", "as a result , we got \" bred \" ( bret ) , \" dug \" ( doug ) , \" andore \" ( andre ) , \" simons \" ( simon ) , \" el gado \" ( el gato ) , \" rolento \" ( laurent ) , and worst of all , \" edi .", "e \" ( eddie ) .", "and of course , the snes - only sequel continued the tradition with \" mic \" ( mick ) , \" eliot \" ( elliot ) , \" jony \" ( jonny ) , \" elick \" ( erick ) , and \" schot \" ( scott . . . whoever came up with that one should be schot ) . \"", "rolento \" got changed to \" rolent \" , which of course did not improve matters one tiny bit .", "the rendering of \" shiroma \" and \" kuroma \" from the final fantasy side - games as \" shirma \" and \" croma \" in post - merger translations .", "these are technically acceptable romanizations , but result from the translator apparently being completely oblivious to the punny name nature of the original names — it would make more sense to change the names entirely to something that has a similar joke . . . or , failing that , to romanize them directly to maintain the original joke for people who would still get it .", "the names are not only punny , they are also meaningful : \" shiromadoushi \" means \" white mage \" and \" kuromadoushi \" means \" black mage \" : exactly what those two are .", "giving them 8 - bit theater - esque names would probably have been more appropriate for the translation .", "the north american version of fire emblem : radiant dawn manages to translate a use of \" fire emblem \" in game as \" heart of fire \" , yes they mistranslated the titular macguffin while getting it right in the title .", "yes , heart of fire is a valid translation otherwise , but come on , how do you do that . . . possibly because in the title of the game , \" fire emblem \" is written in katakana as ファイアーエムブレム ( faiā emuburemu ) , but in the actual game dialogue , the term is written in japanese .", "in the same game , the four riders ( a title granted to the four highest ranking generals ) of daein are mistranslated as the four horsemen in the black knight ' s profile .", "again , a valid translation ( and if used consistently , would have been better ) , but it ' s quite the mistake .", "muarim ' s profile is for some reason the same as mist ' s . in gargoyle ' s quest , firebrand fights \" rushifell \" ( lucifer ) to determine which of them is the true red blaze .", "ghosts ' n goblins : \" this story is happy end \" .", "golden sun hilariously translated several attacks wrongly .", "most of these ( \" death size \" ( scythe ) \" , the blessing ( breath ) attacks ) were fixed in the lost age . . . only for confusion to hit ulmuch ( hsu ) ( the translators had apparently forgotten his dub name change ) and dullahan ' s \" formina sage \" ( fulminous edge ) attack .", "in the game graffiti kingdom , there are several small mistakes in grammar . \"", "it is time for tea almost \" instead of \" it is almost time for tea \" , and such things like that .", "a fangame series called happy tree friends adventures has hilariously broken english .", "for example , during the credits roll , \" designer \" is often misspelled as \" desinger \" .", "another example is \" choose you character \" in the character selection screen .", "the creator of that series is polish and isn ' t really good at english , so the games serve many typos from his engrish .", "a wario land fangame called wario land : legends of 6 crystals also suffers from this , as it ' s made by the same creator as the above .", "however , a few of the lines are surprisingly written in proper english , which is obviously written by a different person other than the creator .", "the publisher company natsume couldn ' t decide on a romanization for its own name at first : it used the kunrei - shiki romanization \" natume \" in harvest moon 64 ' s title screen , not to mention the prominent message telling you to \" push the start \" .", "they also spelled \" sofa \" as \" sopha \" , \" flour \" as \" flower \" , and stone as \" sone \" in friends of mineral town .", "that ' s more the territory of really bad spelling than really bad translation , though .", "( incidentally , natsume is horrible about that in general - problems with its / it ' s / its ' , their / there , and commas are to be expected in all things harvest moon . )", "they just plain forgot in one instance with zack in friends of mineral town ; he still speaks japanese if you attempt to speak to him often enough as he picks up shipped items .", "untranslated japanese text appears in harvest moon ds too , usually during sidequests .", "worse than that is the local priest , carter .", "at one point in the game , you can ask several characters to pick grapes with you .", "if you ask carter , he says \" a part - time job in the vineyard sounds like lots of fun . \"", "in german .", "◊ \" g rod \" hing rodcopper fishin for fishing \" - the description for the fishing rod . '", "\" a wonderful life ' ' and its related games have numerous errors .", "their translation of the special edition was especially bad , with lumina being referred to as muffy on a few occasions .", "their translation of river king mystic valley is . . . special .", "a lot of the characters in it are from japanese folklore and mythology . . . but natsume was apparently totally oblivious to this .", "if the manual is anything to go by , you get tenuki instead of tanuki , arai adzuki instead of a ( d ) zuki - arai ( they apparently mistook it for a personal name , rather than the name of the type of creature he is , and reversed it into \" western order \" ) , the kamaitachi ( literaly \" scythe weasel \" ) simply as \" weasel \" , kapa instead of kappa ( yes , it does make a difference ) , and nurikabe as \" plaster wall \" ( an accurate literal translation , but sounds ridiculous as a name for a creature in english ) .", "after you ' ve completed a mini game , you get a \" clear ! \"", "message in big letters ( as in \" finished ! \"", ") .", "in the german version , it says \" löschen ! \"", "( as in \" deleted ! \"", ") .", "( and this isn ' t lumines . )", "the house of the dead series , especially the second game , is defined by its amusing translation .", "it takes skill to have voice actors you ' ve just grabbed off of the street say lines like \" don ' t come !", "don ' t come ! \"", "without snickering .", "the french subtitles were just terrible . \"", "la maudite la roue du destin . . . nous devons la détruire ! \"", "i . e . \" the cursed the wheel of fate . . . we must destroy it ! \"", "the official english translation of if my heart had wings is rather infamous for being pretty spotty at times .", "aside from one or two entire scenes that were rendered nigh incomprehensible ( in particular , a sequence early in ageha ' s route where aoi gets a reputation for two - timing on the grounds that he ' s hung out with lots of different girls in a short span of time , and . . . well , that was about all anyone could get from it , anyway ) , there are numerous occasions of lines being clearly translated out of context .", "at one point , a ' sempai ' from yoru is translated as ' aoi ' even though she ' s clearly talking about kotori ; at another the characters are talking about tobioka and then inexplicably start referring to him with female pronouns for a few lines ; and in yet another , a line from hotaru that was clearly supposed to be ' ao - nii , i ' m scared ' was translated as ' ao - nii , you ' re scary ' .", "the english translation of illusion of gaia was bowdlerized like a lot of other snes titles at the time , but it goes way beyond that .", "a lot of context is missing due to the translation and bowdlerization .", "the syntax is often wildly incorrect .", "some lines that were supposed to be thoughts or narration are spoken out loud instead .", "some words were translated as things that weren ' t even remotely close , i . e . translating \" violinist \" as \" violent \" .", "the translation even has a few lines said by the wrong character .", "a list of some of the more egregious errors and more accurate translations can be found here .", "iron tank : the invasion of normandy for the nes : \" snake !", "watch out , use radar , gigantic enemy objects ahead \" . \"", "found the train firing bullets by radar \" . \"", "i ' m your friend .", "stay on the railroad , go straight through the town .", "the enemy train is there .", "shoot it . \"", "\" enemy ' s long range bullets are awesome .", "allies are destroyed . \"", "\" look out ahead , there is the long range firing bullet .", "destroy it immediately .", "the safety of the back up unit is your goal . \"", "in the english version of ishar 2 , the citizens of the main city greet you with \" welcome presumptuous travelers !", "\" .", "the ios game kawaii pet megu has this in the english version .", "it has awkward text like \" he is wearing perfect smile \" , though this may be indirectly part of the game ' s appeal .", "in order to sucker people into thinking it was an actual pokémon game ( the gameplay of the original game is a bit similar in that respect ) , someone - probably a chinese bootlegger - created a pirated version of keitai denjuu telefang in which the game ( besides being bugged up the ass ) is translated into english .", "if you can call it english , at least : this one is famous .", "you want an example ?", "the water world is called alice .", "if a keyboardmania arcade machine detects a problem with the wheel during its power on self - test sequence , it will say \" please wheel repair .", "we do the apology for any inconvenient . \"", "in the north american version of kingdom hearts ii , some of the organization xiii members ' original names were mistranslated .", "xigbar ' s original name was rendered as bleig instead of the correct braig , xaldin ' s as dilin instead of dilan and lexaeus ' s as eleus instead of aeleus .", "this is especially notable because the organization member ' s names are supposed to be anagrams of their \" original names , \" plus the letter x , so any spelling mistakes stand out like a fire engine .", "while not a bad translation by any means , the english release of kingdom hearts : 358 / 2 days suffers from unfortunate inconsistency issues with the names of some heartless , especially for those who have played previous games .", "for example , the heartless known as \" loudness \" in all japanese versions is called \" crescendo \" in the english version of kingdom hearts ii , but renamed to \" loudmouth \" in the english version of kingdom hearts : 358 / 2 days .", "other examples are \" surveillance \" in japanese , called \" surveillance robot \" in kingdom hearts ii and \" watcher \" in days , \" mad dog \" in japanese called \" rabid dog \" in kingdom hearts ii and \" bad dog \" in days , and \" aiming cannon \" in japanese called \" cannon gun \" in kingdom hearts ii and \" li ' l cannon \" in days .", "they already had english names , why give them new ones ?", "an example from kingdom hearts ii itself is the heartless named magnum loader .", "sounds like a good enough name ( it only appears in space paranoids and the related episode in hollow bastion ) , until you realise its japanese name was \" magna roader \" , which , aside from making infinitely more sense ( since the heartless has a wheel and \" drives \" around ) , is also a shout - out to the enemies of the same name from final fantasy vi .", "most of the changes to the english script of knights in the nightmare are just removal of characters ' accents , name changes due to length restrictions or for rank pulling , and the alteration of all text into standard polite english .", "some of the translation conventions , however , cross into this territory : the original japanese script had a female lance knight named meslieness and an npc poet named marion .", "for whatever reason , meslieness ' name was changed to marion , and marion ' s name to mervyn .", "something that might irritate those who preferred the original script perhaps , but nothing catastrophic — except for the fact that in the game and the few translated bonus materials , \" mervyn \" was still referred to as \" marion \" in many places , causing a lot of confusion .", "then there are the item names .", "atlus has always shown confusion on how to translate the name of the item ココリの実 ( \" kokori no mi \" ) , which has variably been written as applecot , kokorinut , and applecot nut ; however , it was the \" upola statue \" item which was the most egregious example in the game — the translation that had stood for the past two entries ( and their two remakes ) was changed to upora statue , evidently out of l / r flip confusion .", "and . . . marietta ' s signature attack , which in japanese has always been ?", "?", "?", "?", "?", "?", "( usually romanized as \" rivellion \" by sting ) and has always been translated as \" angelic thunder \" by atlus , was suddenly changed to rebellion without explanation .", "the legend of dragoon had an amusing example .", "since the characters shout out their attack names , the incredibly literal \" gust of wind dance \" ( supposed to be \" gale dance \" ) just becomes narmtastic .", "heck , the whole game was filled with moments like this .", "particularly bad during cutscenes that are supposed to be serious .", "the strange thing about the game ' s translation is its unevenness .", "it starts out fairly decent ( only a bit below the level of , say , final fantasy vii ) but seems to get worse as the game goes on .", "some scenes are positively tear - jerking , only to be followed by laugh - out - loud terrible comments on the same event . \"", "the devil is waiting for us in the palace .", "rush courageously . \"", "\" x areas are still to be cleare .", "hold out for final victory \" . \"", "you have saved human race from its extinction .", "thank you for playing \" .", "the little busters !", "visual guide book that comes with the game ' s perfect edition actually includes an english translation for the descriptions of the few game cgs the book highlights .", "this might seem odd , as japanese developers are generally very much against foreigners playing their games , but a quick glance at english provided makes it very clear that people who can actually speak the language were not the intended audience .", "for example , the description for a cg of rin surrounded by cats reads : rin sunk in the bath of cats .", "she is little shy , so going good with cats , same characteristic features .", "if stranger came near them , all will gone .", "lufia & the fortress of doom contains several instances of awkward dialogue .", "sometimes it ' s punctuated wrong , sometimes it ' s gramatically incorrect , but mostly the dialogue is just incoherent and / or random with what ' s happening in the story .", "the \" safe tea ring \" .", "lufia ii : rise of the sinistrals has some translation problems as well , but it looks as if lufia : the legend returns ' s script wasn ' t even proofread .", "stock example : \" this is what i call frue destruction ! \"", "lux - pain .", "the entire game is littered with examples .", "most is fairly tame , maybe adding or missing a letter , or changing one .", "then at times it simply gets confusing , such as using \" he / him \" when they should have used \" she / her \" .", "or forgetting if it ' s in japan or america .", "or calling characters by the wrong names ( at one point resulting in the player being told he needs to go talk to himself . )", "and then there ' s the bizarre word fusions .", "( \" you slunched over and crushed the cake ! \"", ") magical cannon wars : it gets to the point that nobody even knows what ' s happening .", "olivia : \" fight with me over the supremacy of the world .", "i was the country ' s magical girl britannia . \"", "olivia : \" you know i ' m a law of this world . \"", "akira : \" i care not fight . \"", "olivia : \" looking to win the all clear . \"", "the genesis port of master of monsters got a lot of mispellings of all the creatures ' names and the names of their summoners due to the u . s . export .", "examples are : \" daimyou \" note daimyo , \" marmaid \" note mermaid , \" sirene \" note siren , \" loc \" note roc , \" pheonix \" note phoenix , and \" griffen \" note gryphon .", "the infamous dr . light / right and crash / clash man ( and cr / lash bombs ) mixups in mega man ( classic ) .", "the first of each pair is considered correct .", "actually , in the latter case , neither is correct .", "it ' s supposed to be crush man .", "( not that any of the possible permutations of the name make sense for a guy who shoots tack mines . . . ) this is actually lampshaded in mega man battle network , where lan ' s grandfather is named tadashi hikari — which is japanese for \" right light \" .", "one of the manuals for a mega man game even used the translation dr . wright , which really would make the most english sense .", "and then there is the case of doc robot in mega man 3 . . . in japanese , his name is a pun . . . dokuro is the japanese word for skull and robotto is the japanese word for robot , so what do you call a skull robot ?", "dokurobotto , which ended up translated as doc robot .", "the navi mode tips in anniversary collection .", "interestingly , there ' s an it was his sled moment too , as protoman is the tip - giver in mega man 3 , despite the fact that you ' re not supposed to know about him yet .", "proto man shows up early enough in mega man 3 . more egregious is kalinka being the tip - giver in mega man 4 , which not only introduces a character that won ' t appear until the end of the game , but hints in advance that the alleged big bad of the game isn ' t . the rom hack rockman 4 minus infinity , being made by the japanese puresabe , has a decent amount of these .", "he even admits his terrible english in the readme file .", "generally , it doesn ' t get too bad , but we end up with a few gems .", "kalinka : ( referring to an upgrade ) i suppose i put it on the doggy . . . . all ok . the fourth game in the battle network series introduces a class of bad guys that should have been translated as heelnavi . . . instead the player was faced with healnavis .", "this was especially funny because unlike the original name , which would ' ve been exactly what it says on the tin , the name was in no way appropriate to their appearance ; healnavis are big bruisers with spiky armor .", "beware the medics . . . from the same game , the infamous line \" what a polite young man she was . \"", "i mean , we know ran looks absurdly androgynous , but come on .", "if you want to see all of the horrible translation mistakes , click here .", "it ' s and entire let ' s play of battle network 4 through 6 , and due to how much the lper hates battle network 4 , he made a \" fuckup tally \" for all of the game ' s mistakes .", "by the end , the \" fuckup tally \" had reached 294 . however , some of the tally increases sometimes counted as multiple mistakes for one thing if it ' s just that bad ( such as woodman ' s level glitching if you encounter a single enemy during it ) and overall bad programming .", "the most hilarious example , however , would be the 100 % completion screen , which congratulates the player for clearing exe 4 instead of bn 4 . the ds version of the fifth game is even worse than the gba version ( somehow ) .", "with the chip trader offerring to \" bigin trading \" , and lines like \" be areful lan . \"", "and \" i ' m on flames ! \"", "also the the infamous \" load chaud \" from the first game .", "there are also amusing inconsistencies with virus names ; the most glaring of these is the metool virus being labelled as \" mettaur \" .", "network transmission , gamecube adaptation of the battle network series , has a few of these .", "most notably , \" the professor is now cooling his heals in jail . \"", "three enemies in mega man x2 are the x - hunters ( counter hunters in japan ) , with agile as the only translation survivor . \"", "sagesse \" ( wisdom ) has been mistranslated to \" serges . \"", "\" violent \" without its final t looks too similar to \" violin , \" which is dangerously misleading .", "mega man x5 had a lot of \" h \" s put where they didn ' t belong , making it rather hard to understand .", "then comes x apologizing for the death of \" octopardo \" , and nobody knew who the hell that wasnote it was supposed to be octopuld , referring to launcer octopuld , launch octopus ' s name in japanese .", "too bad nobody told the translators they changed it for the first game .", "sadly , the unintentional macekre is still better than the intentional ( and terrible ) guns and roses naming theme they had going .", "mega man x6 is just full of these : for example , it wants to know if you want to \" overwright \" your save . . . mega man x8 had one boss ' s name written in the manuals and in dialogue as \" gigavolt man - o - war \" .", "on the \" boss display \" screen when you selected his stage , it displayed the name as \" gigabolt man - o - war \" .", "most likely due to the b / v confusion in japanese transliteration of english words .", "the manual for mega man x treme 2 seems to misspell the names of the villains and iris , being translated correctly in the actual game .", "this isn ' t as big of a blunder for the villains gareth ( garess ) and berkana ( belkana ) but given that x4 came out several years before this , you would figure they ' d know how iris is spelled .", "instead , she ' s ' aillis . '", "the nes translation of metal gear was so bad , it ' s good ( \" the truck have started to move !", "\" , \" i feel asleep ! \"", ") , but the english msx version ( official , not a fan translation ) a mess .", "example : \" destoroy the ultimate weapon , metal gear \" .", "avgn : man , these translations suck .", "couldn ' t they just get anyone to proofread this shitload of fuck ?", "snake ' s revenge , the non - canonical nes sequel to the first metal gear , has quite a bad translation for a game supposedly made for the american market in mind .", "one instance has a three - man sub - boss team telling snake that they ' ve prepared \" three graves \" for him , while another instance has a dying ally telling snake that they have \" found out that jennifer is a spy \" ( though its obvious what he meant was that jennifer was an inside agent whose cover was just blown , the line seems to imply that she was actually a spy working for the enemy when that ' s not even the case at all ) .", "one plot twist involves another of snake ' s allies being an enemy spy in disguise , but it ' s easy to see it coming when he gives such cleverly crafted misdirections like \" there are no enemies in that car \" and \" there are no traps in that car \" .", "metal gear solid 2 was generally really well handled , but the most egregious mistake is the parrot chanting the horoscope ' venus in cancer ' .", "the original line was something like ' the venusian crab ! '", "( a reference to the venusian from it conquered the world ) , and was supposed to cast emma as a b - movie geek ( in contrast to her brother ' s anime otakudom ) .", "makes even less sense when in metal gear solid 3 , para - medic jokes that the mask makes snake look like a venusian - \" not the crab kind , the other kind \" .", "metal gear solid featured a similar mistake : when calling otacon while fighting rex , otacon will give some history on some of its weapons , including the railgun .", "during his explanation of the rail gun , he mentions that it was created by a joint venture between arms tech incorporated and rivermore national labs .", "the japanese version actually referred to the second group as livermore national labs , as in the lawrence livermore national laboratory , as in the weapons research and development lab in livermore , california .", "this issue was corrected in the metal gear solid 4 database .", "this is further confirmed by the mention of the nova laser project and nif note while nif is incorrectly referred to as a laser , nif is a fusion based test device that does use a high powered laser , both of them based in livermore national laboratory .", "the maru mari and varia from metroid .", "maru mari literally translates as \" round ball \" or \" circle ball \" , of course this later became morph ball .", "the \" varia \" ( suit ) was originally meant to be called the barrier suit .", "however , the name varia caught on and has been used ever since . . . the obligatory engrish ending screen : \" great !", "!", "you fulfiled your mission .", "it will revive peace in ( the ) space .", "but , it may be invaded by the other metroid .", "pray for a true peace in { the } space ! \"", "the name \" chozo \" , the birdman race featured throughout the metroid series , came from an abbreviation of choujin no zou note 鳥人の像 or \" birdman statue \" .", "thus , the name originally referred to the bird - like statues that appeared in the games , and not the actual birdman race itself that they represented .", "when nintendo power ' s super metroid tie - in comic gave samus her origin story , the name \" chozo \" was used to refer to the birdman people that raised her and every subsequent game afterward would follow suit .", "interestingly , the chozo statues in super metroid were called \" torizou \" , which is another way of reading the characters for \" bird statue \" or \" chozo \" in japanese .", "the english - language manual of mighty bomb jack describes what the three power - up levels do under the oddly phrased heading \" amplified of mighty power . \"", "the enemies ' names and descriptions are also bizarrely translated , e . g . \" heel \" ( a flying skull ) : \" it narrates the pyramid legend weirdly , ' weird !", "weird ! '", "\" mondo medicals has many deliberate examples of very awkward english . \"", "cancer ?", "!", "do you even know what a cancer is ?", "!", "cancer is a small piece of death that slowly takes over a body ! \"", "every cactus game has this .", "it was quite a surprise to find out his english is rather good when conversing normally .", "all monster rancher games , and sometimes even the anime , dip into this , but it really shines in the gbc monster rancher battle card game .", "mystery quest : \" hao can not swim \" , showing his super drowning skills .", "ninja gaiden arcade is full of badly done english signs and labels such as \" icececrem \" , \" esso gus \" , \" caca { cola } \" , \" sele \" ( sale ?", ") , \" loin dry clehn \" , \" peps ( i ) \" , \" beer gaden \" , etc .", "some of these , as you can see , also work as bland - name product , intentionally or not .", "opoona ' s translation , while . . . servicable , does have several notable and bizarre errors .", "one particular art piece in the game has its name rendered as octopus ballet , octopus bounce , and taco volley .", "the \" taco \" part probably comes from the japanese word for octopus ( \" tako \" ) , but the rest is up for debate .", "the game also does things like constantly misspell character ' s names , and there are some confusing item names as well ( like the \" pet gauge , \" which is actually a pet cage ) .", "castle shikigami 2 is terrible about this .", "even though you can still enjoy the game without understanding anything that is being said , backstory and references to the prequel are impossible to understand because of the vague translations .", "there are several characters whose stories are so badly translated that you have no idea why they ' re even in the story ( even the next to final boss has a backstory that makes almost no sense due to the translation ) .", "and then there ' s the ingame dialog .", "keep in mind this isn ' t even some of the worst dialog in the game .", "i like girls . . . but now , it ' s about justice .", "persona , again .", "some of the name changes of the personae and demons in the game were a result of this — they just directly romanized or approximately romanized the name of the demon / persona , without bothering to check if it was referencing anything — which , this being a shin megami tensei spinoff , it was virtually every time .", "among others , this leads to armati becoming almighty , scylla becoming sucula , and at the \" what were they thinking ? \"", "end , skuld becoming skragg .", "this was back when atlus was entertaining the idea of marketing the shin megami tensei franchise in the united states as the heavily - americanized revelations series .", "only two games were released with the revelations label ( persona and last bible , a . k . a . revelations : the demon slayer ) before it was buried ; persona 2 : eternal punishment hit the united states several years later with a much better - researched translation and no revelations title in sight , although it unfortunately still has several shout outs to the first game ' s infamous localization for the sake of continuity .", "apart from a few flubs identifying the ssu - ling and the occasional truncation for screen space , atlus ' subsequent shin megami tensei releases can probably be used as a mythology primer .", "that ' s not to say eternal punishment is without it ' s flubs .", "it has occasional trouble with honorifics , as few english - speaking players were expected to understand them in 2000 . this is most obvious when characters refer to the protagonist of innocent sin as \" upperclassman tatsuya \" , the closest english translation of the term \" tatsuya - sempai \" .", "more recent games ( particular persona 4 ) tend to avoid this .", "the ps1 fan - translation , on the other hand , averts this , and he ' s only addressed as tatsuya or tatsu .", "the phantasy star games were full of these .", "a gem from the second comes in paseo after nei dies , where talking to an old man results in him telling you : \" brain .", "this caused the people ' s mind to weaken .", "the trap also leads algo to destruction .", "i don ' t know who made the trap , or why .", "there is a neisword in the box .", "when you pick it up , it will rescue you from the evil side . \"", "in the english version , alys of phantasy star iv is nicknamed the \" eight stroke sword \" , and she hates the name with a passion and scolds people for using it ; but some players wondered why she hates having such a cool name .", "in the japanese version , she was called \" yatsuzaki lyla \" , which would be more accurately translated as \" lyla the disemboweler \" or \" rip - their - guts - out lyla \" .", "also in iv , one of the musk cats is utterly convinced that the old man ' s shuttlecock is the most beautiful thing ever .", "in the original , he ' s talking about myau ' s wings .", "the opening cinematic of phantasy star i . the guards beat the heroine ' s brother to death and make an example out of him , telling the curious onlookers \" do not sniff around in lassic ' s affairs !", "\" .", "in the brazilian - portuguese version , the translators took the less innocent meaning of the word and this turned into \" não se intrometa nos romances de lassic !", "\" , which makes the dramatic scene about the evil overlord ' s grip on the population look like a paparazzi was too annoying during his job .", "the first game also had oddities like a \" first food shop \" ( obviously meant to be \" fast food \" ) and an enemy resembling an eyeball with wings being referred to as an \" owl bear \" .", "phantasy star zero ' s blue ar rappies and pink rab rappies seem to be a bad translation , considering the fact , that in phantasy star online , the blue rappies were called \" al rappy \" ( jap .", "アル ・ ラッピ aru rappi ) while the pink ones were calles \" love rappy \" ( jap .", "ラブ ・ ラッピ rabu rappi ) .", "as the \" u ' s \" at the end of english words , written in katakana , are in the most cases not pronounced ( i . e . bus ( jap .", "バス basu ) ) , it seems that the person did simply apply this rule . \"", "map of the treasure is in pirates ' power .", "help me to find it .", "it might be dangerous .", "be strong and be brave .", "good luck . \"", "there ' s a similarly bad one in the german pokémon game translations : the move \" pound \" is translated as \" pfund \" ( the currency or weight ) .", "there actually is a german equivalent for this - \" jemandem ein pfund geben \" means to sock somebody .", "it ' s not exactly standard german , though the attack judgement was translated in germany to \" urteilskraft \" , either meaning \" power of judgement \" or \" reasoning powers \" .", "would have avoided confusion if they had chosen \" urteil \" ( literal translation of judgement ) .", "the ability ' trace ' is translated as ' fährte ' as in traces left by animals , traces of blood , what have you .", "yet it copies the opponent ' s ability .", "they translated the description correctly .", "the translator ( s ) might ( not ) have wondered why the ability and its description do not match .", "in spanish translation : the hooked [ name of pokémon ] ( when you fish ) was translated to el malvado [ name of pokémon ] , which means the evil [ name of pokémon ] ( hooked , yeah , but not like that ) .", "and the move counter is translated as contador , which is , in fact , a counter , one which counts things .", "it was corrected in generation vi to contraataque .", "the italian version makes the same error : counter is translated as contatore .", "it was finally corrected in generation vi , where it was replaced with contrattacco .", "polish also made the same mistake : the move is translated as liczydło , which means \" abacus \" .", "also in spanish , the move return ( as in \" give something in return \" ) was translated as retroceso ( something like step back or rewind ) .", "retorno could have been a better translation .", "the generation vi games corrected it to retribución ( retribution ) , which is much more fitting .", "this is also a mild case for the english translation of the move itself , as the japanese ongaeshi , while literally meaning \" return favour \" , has the more idiomatic translation of \" payback \" or \" repayment \" .", "the english translation itself had some problems with the attack ' splash ' , which originally meant something closer to ' hop ' .", "in the original games , this wasn ' t any big deal ( the only thing that could learn the move was the fish pokémon magikarp ) , but cue confusion in generation 2 when hoppip got the move despite no apparent connection to water .", "not helped by the fact that the animation shows water splashing when it ' s used .", "this is a matter of the word having two different meanings , but only in the original language .", "likewise , the 3d games and the anime caused some disconnect between what the attack looked like and what the not - entirely - accurate english translation called it .", "rain dance is never going to be portrayed as a dance because its original name , ama - goi , means \" rain prayer \" or more literally \" praying for rain \" , and aerial ace was named after the famous sword strike swallow reversal / tsubame gaeshi , and is a flying move just for pun , but has nothing to do with flying and is widely available on non - winged pokémon .", "newer games have more closely translated attack names presumably for this reason .", "the move thunder was also badly translated .", "the original japanese name ( kaminari ) can translate as both \" thunder \" and \" lightning \" , and in this case was referring to a lightning strike .", "same with thunder punch , though in that case they just wouldn ' t have had enough letters to call it \" lightning punch \" .", "its possible that the translators decided on thunder to keep it consistent with thunder punch .", "another case of a move ' s original name having a double meaning that was ruined in translation is the move curse , which has two different effects .", "when ghost - type pokémon use it , it ' s a cast from hit points move that curses the target , but if a non - ghost - type uses it , it lowers the user ' s speed while raising its attack and defense .", "this is because the original name for the move is noroi , which can translate as either \" curse \" or \" slow \" , so the joke is that it ' s actually both - ghosts interpret it as curse and non - ghosts interpret it as slow .", "another case of a chinese bootlegger releasing a pirated game with a questionable english translation : pokémon vietnamese crystal .", "when the character picked up an item such as a potion , the text would display \" gold !", "drug bag fuck \" .", "this might be the same reason that word shows up in the bootleg subtitles of revenge of the sith : the chinese word for \" to do \" ( 干 gàn ) is slang for sexual intercourse , just like its english equivalent .", "there are thousands of other errors : pokémon are referred to as \" elves \" , and the pokémon names are very odd .", "while some sort of make sense ( venusaur is called \" flowe [ r ] \" and spearow is \" bird \" ) others . . . well , venonat is called \" corn \" , and that ' s far from the worst .", "to build on the surrealism , the \" translation \" also uses very uncommon and out - of - context english words that not even most native english speakers would be able to comprehend , such as \" x have a pillory \" ( a synonym for the stocks ) when describing a pokemon being switched out .", "the english translation of heartgold and soulsilver , while for the most part good , had some lines that were . . . fairly awkward , to say the least . \"", "and this place that you can have such fun . . . is called the battle frontier ! \"", "this trope is invoked with pokémon blue : google translate edition , an homage to vietnamese crystal and other bootlegs .", "the premier ball was probably meant to be called a \" premium ball \" , since you get one for free each time you buy ten or more poké balls .", "the confusion stems from the japanese word プレミア literally translating to \" premier \" , but also being a contraction of プレミアム \" premium \" .", "in the original gold / silver and crystal , the intact tower in ecruteak city is called the tin tower .", "( corrected as bell tower in the remakes . )", "the chinese translation takes the ability \" fur coat \" ( as in , a covering of fur on an animal ) and translates it as \" 毛皮大衣 \" , which is a garment one would wear on a cold day . \"", "struggle bug \" is an incomprehensibly - named attack which , going by its animation , is supposed to involve summoning some bugs to attack the opponent .", "the direct translation is \" insect opposition , \" so apparently they just reworded that phrase without thinking about what it meant .", "something like \" bug barrage \" would have been more descriptive .", "early released games of the european - based visual novel publisher mangagamer is full of this .", "it ' s so bad that one of their games , namely edelweiss had to be re - released with only minor grammar fixes .", "not that it does any help , because the game is still gibberish after that .", "but on the other hand , when you actually figured out some lines , it ' s worth some good laughs .", "edelweiss is also notable for not translating significant portions of dialogue , presumably because they found it too complicated , and not germane to the \" sex \" .", "anytime when the protagonist is saying , \" i don ' t know what he ' s saying . . . \" — it ' s perfectly understandable , if complicated japanese .", "they tried to bribe their only available english - speaking contact , to retranslate / spellcheck .", "he hasn ' t gotten back to them yet .", "they eventually did do a full retranslation of the game , released as a free patch and done by a native english - speaker .", "as admitted in a later interview , early games were translated in - house by japanese employees ( not translators ) whose grip of english was . . . questionable , and there was no script editing done after that .", "this becomes jarringly obvious in edelweiss where you can notice that different routes were translated by different people with different level of english proficiency , leading to a single term ( homunculus ) being translated / transliterated differently in every route .", "admittedly , among their 3 opening titles , there is one well - translated game but at the same time , it was the worst game of them , content - wise .", "it still didn ' t do much help .", "speaking of mangagamer , another of their game , kira - kira got pretty close to this , being translated too literally and resulting in a unnecessarily long wordy script .", "the other english version on iphone ?", "even worse .", "from the epilogue of the original r - type : \" the evil bydo empire was annihilated to never scare people again . \"", "r - type ii has \" the bydo empire whice was attempting to expand its territory . . . \" and \" many planets were invaded by the evil empire and turned into death stars . . . \" the original ' s ending text also called the bydo the byde , even though the title screen got the name right .", "deliberately pointed out by the translators of rhapsody : a musical adventure : \" welcome to the town of whitesnow , a town filled with snow .", "enjoy the world of snow .", "* note : this is what happens when you do a direct translation . \"", "the samurai shodown games are full of this .", "all of the games in the series suffer in some way .", "one rather unusual example in the second game looks like an exception , when cham cham is regarding the snk boss right after she ' s declared her intent to ' eat , eat you all ' : ' shit !", "you really make me mad ! '", "the referee ' s statement after anyone ' s second fight in 2 is \" ki ga warui \" ( meaning , roughly , \" something ' s not right \" or \" something strange is happening \" ) .", "it was translated literally into english , into the immensely quoteworthy \" horrible atmosphere . \"", "secret of the stars had a particularly bad one , such as translating \" kraken \" as \" clarken \" .", "some quotes from the game : \" whew !", "studying math gave me a rash . \"", "\" what ?", "you ' re so anything .", "go to the circus now . \"", "seed : rise of darkness , an iphone game .", "half the place names are wrong on the map graphic , the first jester you meet seems to be named both \" johnny \" and \" zani \" , at the same time , and one npc seems to be referring to a place that doesn ' t exist .", "how do you expect me to get your compass fixed if you want me to go to a nonexistent place ?", "speaking of shadow hearts , the third installment , from the new world , features several enemies lifted directly ( though mostly in - name - only ) from the works of h . p . lovecraft .", "apparently the game ' s lovecraft lite atmosphere and the presence of lovecraft himself as a character weren ' t enough to make the translators double - check a few of them .", "sure , it ' s easy enough to mistranslate \" byakee \" as \" byarkee , \" but when shub niggurath is translated as \" jeb niglas \" , anyone familiar with the source material can ' t help but face palm .", "cave is well - known for doing this to shin megami tensei imagine .", "the most known examples being how the chain expertise \" regal presence \" turned into \" retaliation \" and , more recently , \" alchemy \" turned into \" craftsmanship \" .", "the skills from the \" gun knowledge \" expertise , originally gratuitous english mixed with italian , have been translated into english with spanish in their names ( \" ganmasutari quattro \" became \" gun mastery cuatro \" , for example ) .", "it doesn ' t help that the italian part of the name is on the icon of said skills .", "one of the main npc of the story , snakeman , is also very well known for speaking in engrish .", "some skills were translated inaccurately ( such as megidolaon becoming megidoraon , ziodyne becoming ziondyne , and mahama becoming manma ) , but that ' s more a case of not doing the research than wrong translation .", "and then we have inconsistencies with enemy names , such as \" hua po \" becoming \" hao pao \" in the shibuya quartz ( gold ) dungeon .", "the shining force series is full of these .", "it gives us quotes such as : \" i know you want me to be die ! \"", "and \" why did you kill sir howel ?", "how can you be so mean ? \"", "skyblazer was loaded with wtf - caliber translations , but the one that stands out is that the word \" well \" was consistently rendered as \" tuell \" .", "comes close to qualifying for translation train wreck .", "the pal version of the game corrected most of the numerous typos , although the script still ended up being pretty awkward .", "yogui used google translate for the romanized japanese level titles in world 3 of something else .", "horikawa otane was able to spot the grammatical flaws in the level titles .", "star ocean : the second story translates a monster supposed to be named \" scylla \" as \" sukula \" , and at least one or two tales games mistranslate \" stirge \" , a bat - like enemy , as \" stage \" . \"", "get lose , you can ' t compare with my powers ! \"", "( m bison in the arcade version of street fighter ii ) .", "there was also the matter of \" you must defeat sheng long to stand a chance \" , which spawned an urban legend of zelda , which gave rise to some ascended fanon .", "the first streets of rage game had very minimal text , but the dialogue for the final boss had a big glaring error .", "when he makes you the offer to join his side , he says \" would you become my right - hand man ? \"", "if you deliberately try to get the bad ending , the final boss will say before making his offer \" you ' re no ordinary man . \"", "he will refer to the player character as a man , even if the player is using blaze , a female character .", "it also almost seems to like referring to mathiu , your strategist , as a surgeon or doctor .", "odessa referring to her uncle , leon , as her father .", "the ending theme is worse : it ' s supposed to be in portuguese , but the guy who translated it apparently didn ' t actually know the language , so it ended up as gibberish that just sounds like portuguese .", "stallion has a unique rune that gives him super speed and doubles your overworld map speed ; it ' s basically a souped - up version of the holy runes available in stores , which just double your normal walking speed .", "fans usually call it the godspeed rune .", "the game calls it the \" true holy rune , \" which is a problem because the true runes are artifacts of world - shaking power that wars are fought over , and if some random elf had one it would be kind of a big deal .", "the mistake gets repeated in ii when he shows up again .", "suikoden ii is full of these as well , with plenty of name inconsistencies such as bright shield rune / shining shield rune , black sword rune / black blade rune , jilia / jilian blight , han / hal cunningham , etc .", "untranslated npc dialogue and enemy names .", "your best friend ' s name was constantly flip - flopping between joey / joei / jowy / jowi .", "let ' s just call him joe .", "and the \" honking \" and \" talking \" cats .", "( the former was supposed to be hissing , the latter meowing . )", "the talking cat notably spawned a crack theory about it being the reincarnation of teo mcdohl due to it saying \" so . . . nya \" rather than \" n . . . nya , \" or \" mr . . . mrow . \"", "the game also has entire sections of dialogue being spoken by the wrong character .", "most notably at a peace conference late in the game it looks like one of your allies is betraying you since she is speaking lines meant for the enemy .", "super mario bros . is not immune .", "a great many of the english item names show that square ' s publication arm utterly failed to do any research when localizing super mario rpg : legend of the seven stars .", "to wit , the \" noknok shell \" , a familiar green bouncy turtle shell : \" nokonoko \" is the japanese name for the race known in the west as the koopas .", "likewise , several enemy spells are named drain and mega drain , despite the fact that said spells are fireballs and lasers and they don ' t drain / absorb hp from the party .", "( the japanese names for the spells are kakyū ( fire orb ) and lightsaber . )", "the lazy shell was supposed to be called heavy troopa shell , given it ' s the shell of the heavy troopa enemy .", "this is bizarre because the normal troopa shell weapon was translated correctly , though it may have been due to space limitations .", "nintendo themselves did this first when localizing super mario bros . 3 , resulting in the item forever known as \" kuribo ' s shoe \" ; kuribos being better known in the west as \" goombas \" .", "in addition , the boo enemies you first find in the sewers are just ordinary boos ( \" teresa \" ) , yet they ' re called \" the big boo \" in the english translation .", "( big boo in japanese is \" atomic teresa \" . )", "super mario 64 ds translates king boo ' s name as \" big boo \" , which is very confusing considering the fact that there ' s already a big boo in the game .", "also , the shroom ridge track mario kart ds ' s kiosk prototype contains trucks with the word \" flesh \" ( fresh ) labeled on the side .", "this was fixed for the final version , where they now properly say \" fresh \" .", "super mario land had this , in that it was pretty much machine translated from the japanese version .", "the real reason half of the enemies have strange names such as ' pakkun flower ' ?", "it ' s because those are the japanese versions of the names of enemies such as ' piranha plant ' .", "more obvious when you consider the bosses and such like , with names that are very obvious english direct translations of the japanese like ' dragonzamasu ' and ' hiyoihoi ' .", "it ' s also why half the world names lost the meaning in them .", "note that in this case , it actually works .", "the game is set in sarasaland , instead of the mushroom kingdom , so the different names make it seem more like you ' re really in a different nation .", "the pal english translation of mario kart 7 dubs the track neo bowser city \" koopa city \" .", "koopa is bowser ' s japanese name , and that is indeed the name used for the track in the japanese version of the game , but to international audiences \" koopa \" calls to mind an ordinary turtle mook that appears nowhere in the stage .", "you ' d think the fact that the track has pictures of bowser plastered everywhere would have tipped them off . . . paper mario has a minor character named yakkey , an anthropomorphic key which , um , yaks .", "in a move that could only be the result of misinterpreting his name as a diminutive of \" yak \" , the french translation of the game calls this character \" biquet \" , or \" young goat / kid \" .", "the spanish translators , meanwhile , straight - up skipped some bits of dialogue .", "like the ffvii example above , this isn ' t gratuitous english - entire conversations , plot - important ones at that , would be left in english for no good reason .", "the sequel has an underground monkey in the pit of 100 trials called a dark lakitu , and the tattle entry for it misinterpreted \" paipo \" , the japanese word for spiny egg , with the result that it is described as \" throwing pipes at you \" .", "and who could forget super smash bros . melee .", "the european translations ( into french , german , spanish , and italian ) seem to have been rushed ( which is ironic given that this is the best - selling gamecube game ever ) , so while you ' ll get good translations for most of the simple text ( fun fact : about 90 % of the game ' s text is in the trophy descriptions ) , a lot of the larger text is still in english .", "so if you have little to no knowledge of english , good luck trying to figure out what all those signs mean or what the announcer is saying .", "subverted in brawl , where the european translations have almost no english text , and each language has a different announcer .", "the foreign announcers can get on your nerves much more easily than the english announcer , though , making you want to switch to english .", "in the wii u / 3ds version of the game , bowser jr . ' s final smash is named \" shadow mario paint \" , as in \" shadow mario ' s paint \" .", "in the italian version , it was translated as \" mario paint ombra \" , as in \" the evil doppelgänger of mario paint \" .", "the correct translation would have been \" vernice mario ombra \" .", "the pal version of the wii u game makes a particularly frustrating mistake regarding the name of a particular dolled - up installment .", "in previous games , as well as the ntsc translation of the wii u version , the lip ' s stick item was correctly identified as originating from panel de pon .", "in the pal version , it instead is listed as coming from its cut - and - paste translation tetris attack , which featured yoshi ' s island characters instead .", "the eponymous lip never appeared in tetris attack at all .", "in the ignition factor , a firefighting game for the snes , the fire chief says this when you inspect the map before starting a mission : \" put the castle together and push the button .", "and then you ' ll be able to reach it .", "i wish i could tell you more , but i have no clue what i ' m talking about . \"", "it seems the translator had no clue either , since a correct translation would have been , \" if you move the cursor to the place you ' re interested in and press the button , you can examine that area . \"", "the problem was that the translator misread \" kaasoru \" as \" castle \" instead of \" cursor \" .", "the game seems to have plenty of other mistakes that are likely caused by not bothering to understand the context of the messages .", "the genesis version ( the only one to be translated ) of valis : the fantasm soldier .", "for example , \" get fantasm juely !", "\" , and \" welcome to fantasy world , yuko \" .", "and valis ii for the turbo - grafx 16 cd has gems such as \" i am the red salamander zaruga , one of roglas ' 12 generals .", "come warrior valri , let ' s engage in combat . \"", "also , roglas ( the big bad of the first game ) is referred to as \" the roglas king \" in the localizations , and his minions are collectively called the roglas army .", "one of the games got translated as \" syd of valis \" .", "it ' s supposed to be \" sd valis \" , the sd being short for super - deformed .", "the in - game dialogue in valkyrie : epic war / valkyrie : evolution is incomprehensible . \"", "you play good people bitterly , sister first dismissed , let us go back home to take a group of maid serve you , oh \" \" maid ah , or a group of good looking forward to it \" \" miss lv here , you do not hurry worship \" \" xiongheng brutal riboud how to the small lolita \" \" although i am gentle and lovely outside , but my heart is very enthusiastic oh \" \" zhou tai and huang gai skills simultaneously lit , will trigger the screen to the right of the button combination kill oh , great power , with caution \" \" heaven is dead duang duang yellow days when the legislature at the age of six decades duang world down duang duang duang ! \"", "\" you still come quickly to help me destroy her , and i can not stand a little \" \" we refuel , off the faces of the children they can have our big joe ( i heard the nurse group ) , and we later on have naichi friends \" \" zhang yan people here !", "who dares to go shopping with me ?", "sorry , but the lines are not the right !", "it should be , who would fight to the death with me ? \"", "\" no i do not buy coupons \" \" i was the devil wears prada , sister of the mace is not a vegetarian oh \" \" do you take us to guaipao shijiazi dragon sister , come quickly pay out , we do have to go shopping shopping \" \" machine juji my legs numb , and finally down to relax the \" \" the original npc ma chao is not a motorcycle , which my heart balance \" \" they said i was ' little joe on it , ' is the most beautiful nanny , yuan fang , how do you see ? \"", "\" this set are strange ! \"", "valkyrie profile has a pretty decent translation , possibly because the english voice cast needed something intelligible .", "but the message the game gives you when it ' s time to unleash your limit break is a real howler : \" technical arts energy charged , purify weird soul !", "hurry up push button !", "step on it ! \"", "interestingly , the word weird is derived from an ancient nordic word , meaning something similar to fate .", "it may be a coincidence , but for a game so heavily inspired by nordic myths to use the word weird like that , it might actually mean something .", "of course , it would still be something of a mangled sentence .", "valkyrie profile 2 silmeria has its own example of this trope in the move \" nibelung valesti \" .", "it sounds cool and all , but the move was actually supposed to be nibelung velocity . \"", "valesti \" , incidentally , is the italian second person singular past historic form of \" valere \" , meaning \" to be worth \" , so \" nibelung valesti \" translates roughly as \" you were worth of the nibelungen \" .", "this mistake originates in the original , and they were more or less required to keep it to maintain consistency .", "may you be ravaged by poor hungarian - rlaan dictionaries . . . computer !", "reboot translation !", "in wangan midnight maximum tune 3 , you ' re treated to \" suddeen kill \" when you clear a 10 opponent outrun with an s . the same mistake is in dx ; it was finally fixed in dx plus .", "the original wild arms game had a pretty bad translation , with gems such as \" ray line \" instead of \" leyline . \"", "fortunately , they fixed it in the remake , although the remake ' s translation is widely to be considered just as bad .", "all of liz and ard ' s dialogue in wild arms 2 . liz and ard ' s ridiculous dialogue was clearly intentional , as they happen to be a pair of cloud cuckoolander aliens .", "the rest of the script , though , has no such excuse - the translators just weren ' t very good .", "that does not explain why everyone else ' s dialogue breaks when they are around .", "my guess is that liz originally spoke in a very frilly , archaeic dialect of japanese and the others ( or at least , ashley ) spoke to him in the same dialect in turn .", "there are a whole bunch of puns in there that completely evaded the translators and ended with gems like \" i don ' t care if it is poetry or the emperor of death .", "i ' m in a hurry !", "\" .", "yeah .", "wolf team is loaded with this .", "even the title screen has it !", "enjoy the 5 .", "1 circle sound while you use the em - 60 , but have to reload four times to prevent overheat from over 200 shooting .", "stupid interruption in the supply of ammo .", "watch out for the snake attack , you never know when a ghost wolf will get behind you .", "they usually try when your machine gun is in installation or when you are trying to plant the bomb .", "world in conflict .", "the second screenshot is obviously supposed to be hud of a soviet copter .", "the text in the right column is : \" method : seedpod of a weapon ; auto piece of artillery ; sabo ( ? )", "; ?", "of kidnaping \" .", "no wonder it was posted in a lj community dedicated to the \" fake russian \" trope .", "i imagine they were aiming for a weapon selection menu : \" rocket pod , \" \" autocannon \" and \" kinetic sabot . \"", "they missed by several miles .", "which deadpool , in marvel vs . capcom 3 , actually adopts into his repertoire , just as \" magneto !", "welcome to die !", "\" .", "hopefully konami will forgive capcom for this . . . let ' s not forget professor x ' s sage advice .", "right before the final boss fight ( after defeating a magneto imposter ) , he proclaims : \" alas , that was mystique , not magneto !", "magneto is in another place !", "go , x - men ! \"", "especially odd when you realize \" another place \" means \" this door , right here . \"", "the final boss fight is a continuous stream of this sort of dialogue , from \" i am magneto , master of magnet ! \"", "to \" kill you ! \"", "most definitely worth a quarter or ten .", "usually the localization jobs on the german - developed x - universe series are pretty good , but the english version of the x - encyclopedia has one particular page that is a mess .", "an excerpt : together with elena and representatives of the goner brennan can prove , really from as lost valid planet earth to come .", "based on context , one assumes the writer meant \" together with elena and representatives of the goner , brennan can prove he really is from the lost planet earth . \"", "yu - gi - oh !", ": dark duel stories for game boy color had an . . . inconsistant english translation ; several characters used their japanese and english names inconsistently , some things using placeholder names ( usually followed by \" ( ? )", "\" in the text ) , or in the case of the millennium items , using \" millennium \" and \" thousand years \" interchangeably , sometimes in the same conversation .", "some characters even had entirely different names than any other source , such as yugi ' s grandfather being called \" trusdale \" ( an early working name , when the games were being localized before the show hit the us ) .", "world championship 2007 ' s spanish translation is . . . peculiar at best .", "the translating team seemed unable to distinguish nouns from actual english words and just translated everything they could .", "this leads to absurd hilarity like fenomenal factura ( great bill .", "in the economic meaning of bill ) .", "zelda ii did have some examples of . . . unusual translation , though , particularly the classic \" if all else fails use fire . \"", "it means to use the fire spell on armored enemies , but when just offered on its own - as it is - it becomes rather unintentionally hilarious and seems to be encouraging pyromania .", "( note that the japanese version has a different line here . )", "note that the original japanese version of zelda ii has a lot of clunky lines too , due to having way too little space to fit way too much information into .", "the original game ' s intro text has this classic : \" many years ago , prince darkness gannon stole one of the triforce with power . \"", "however , the intro text is the same in the japanese version of the game .", "the people behind the english version just didn ' t bother to fix up the intro .", "even the famous and memetic line \" it ' s a secret to everybody \" would be more accurately translated as \" don ' t tell the others \" .", "this actually significantly increased the difficulty of the games for english speakers , since a number of lines intended to reveal locations of important treasures or future dungeons got completely mangled , thereby leaving players with no clue where to go next .", "for example , a message intended to reveal the location of the magic key ( which is pretty much required for completing the final dungeon due to the absurd number of locked doors ) got rendered as \" 10th enemy has the bomb \" .", "interestingly enough , the replacement message is also factual , but infinitely more convoluted than the rest of the messages combined , as can be seen here .", "the short version : killing 10 enemies without getting hit and killing the 10th enemy with a bomb causes them to drop a bomb pickup that gives you 5 bombs , but you need to take a hit to get another bomb pickup after 10 kills .", "it ' s possible that the translator found the information from nintendo hotline ' s folders and decided to replace the message .", "the instruction manual in the english version of the game states that the pols voice enemy hated loud noises .", "most players had assumed that the monster in question was weak to the recorder , but when they used it , the monster wasn ' t affected .", "this is a case of a literal translation from the japanese version of the game where japanese players had to shout into the famicom ' s microphone in order to defeat pols voice , a feature that american players did not get .", "this was changed in the american and european versions so that a single arrow can kill a pols voice instantly and you can kill multiples at once if they ' re lined up .", "game over .", "return of ganon .", "and then in the legend of zelda : the minish cap , there ' s a line near the end spoken by vaati : \" i will have no more of you interfering with of my plans !", "\" .", "in later copies and the wii u virtual console re - release , this is fixed .", "this is one of the few that makes some sense ; vaati was originally a minish teenager / young adult ( it ' s hard to tell ) who wouldn ' t have known much of the hylian tongue in only about a week of being in the hylian realm .", "zero wing : whoever translated this game was obviously not very fluent in english , but if they were , we wouldn ' t have gotten the memetic mutation that is \" all your base are belong to us . \"", "\" the winner of the year was hesperia gales .", "in the final 30 seconds , henry g trashed out from fieldout ! \"", "this game was full of it . \"", "it is a command which arose from the basis of a program . \"", "\" the basis of a program , are you kidding ?", "! \"", "it ' s not uncommon to play a beat - ' em - up or fighting game which features a character whose fighting style is listed as \" martial arts \" .", "examples include axel stone , cody , terry bogard , ralf and clark , and sarah bryant to name a few .", "this is because in japan , the english term \" martial arts \" is used as a loanword to refer to martial arts of western origin ( such as american - style kickboxing or full - contact karate ) , in contrast to its use as a general term in english .", "that ' s why we often get characters whose martial art style is \" martial arts \" .", "possibly the ultimate repository of videogame examples would be the zany vg quotes page , all complete with screenshot and ( pithy ) caption .", "witness romeo and juliet built only with ( slightly tweaked ) videogame quotes , you strange , unmasked fellows , and don ' t go to heaven ! \"", "you strange , unmasked fellow .", "don ' t go to heaven ! \"", "is actually a direct translation from the original japanese version , and makes sense in context .", "earthbound is a strange , strange game .", "an early area known as クサムラ ( 草叢 kusamura , \" grassy area \" ) was translated as grasstown ( which is pronounced the same but would be spelled 草村 ) .", "nicalis ' s script , used in the wii , dsiware , and 3ds versions of the game , calls this same area \" bushlands \" .", "a password that comes up late in the game is supposed to be the game ' s name spelled backwards ( リタガノモツクード ritaganomo tsukuudo , an inverse of 洞窟物語 doukutsu monogatari ) .", "aeon genesis transliterates this as \" litagano motscoud \" ( the lead translator admitted to being half - asleep at the time ) ; nicalis ' s translation caught this and uses \" yrots evac \" .", "an infamous snake clone found on several chinese plug - and - play consoles has the incomprehensible title of edacity snakes , in what appears to be another instance of bootleggers with a subpar grasp of the english language making use of rare terms that even a lot of native speakers don ' t know about .", "what was intended was probably more along the lines of \" hungry snakes \" .", "in - universe in sonic colors .", "tails ' uses a translator to speak to yacker properly .", "unfortunately ( or for us , fortunately ) , it keeps screwing up the translation , leading to phrases like watering flowers with dances .", "advertising : advertising @ proper .", "io tvtropes is licensed under a creative commons attribution - noncommercial - sharealike 3 .", "0 unported license .", "permissions beyond the scope of this license may be available from thestaff @ tvtropes .", "org .", "privacy policy http : / / tvtropes .", "org / pmwiki / pmwiki .", "php / blindidiottranslation / videogames this book needs a preliminary note that its scope be not misunderstood .", "the view suggested is historical rather than theological , and does not deal directly with a religious change which has been the chief event of my own life ; and about which i am already writing a more purely controversial volume .", "it is impossible , i hope , for any catholic to write any book on any subject , above all this subject , without showing that he is a catholic ; but this study is not specially concerned with the differences between a catholic and a protestant .", "much of it is devoted to many sorts of pagans rather than any sort of christians ; and its thesis is that those who say that christ stands side by side with similar myths , and his religion side by side with similar religions , are only repeating a very stale formula contradicted by a very striking fact .", "to suggest this i have not needed to go much beyond matters known to us all ; i make no claim to learning ; and have to depend for some things , as has rather become the fashion , on those who are more learned .", "as i have more than once differed from mr . h . g . wells in his view of history , it is the more right that i should here congratulate him on the courage and constructive imagination which carried through his vast and varied and intensely interesting work ; but still more on having asserted the reasonable right of the amateur to do what he can with the facts which the specialists provide .", "there are two ways of getting home ; and one of them is to stay there .", "the other is to walk round the whole world till we come back to the same place ; and i tried to trace such a journey in a story i once wrote .", "it is , however , a relief to turn from that topic to another story that i never wrote .", "like every book i never wrote , it is by far the best book i have ever written .", "it is only too probable that i shall never write it , so i will use it symbolically here ; for it was a symbol of the same truth .", "i conceived it as a romance of those vast valleys with sloping sides , like those along which the ancient white horses of wessex are scrawled along the flanks of the hills .", "it concerned some boy whose farm or cottage stood on such a slope , and who went on his travels to find something , such as the effigy and grave of some giant ; and when he was far enough from home he looked back and saw that his own farm and kitchen - garden , shining flat on the hill - side like the colours and quarterings of a shield , were but parts of some such gigantic figure , on which he had always lived , but which was too large and too close to be seen .", "that , i think , is a true picture of the progress of any really independent intelligence today ; and that is the point of this book .", "the point of this book , in other words , is that the next best thing to being really inside christendom is to be really outside it .", "and a particular point of it is that the popular critics of christianity are not really outside it .", "they are on a debatable ground , in every sense of the term .", "they are doubtful in their very doubts .", "their criticism has taken on a curious tone ; as of a random and illiterate heckling .", "thus they make current and anti - clerical cant as a sort of small - talk .", "they will complain of parsons dressing like parsons ; as if we should be any more free if all the police who shadowed or collared us were plain clothes detectives .", "or they will complain that a sermon cannot be interrupted , and call a pulpit a coward ' s castle ; though they do not call an editor ' s office a coward ' s castle .", "it would be unjust both to journalists and priests ; but it would be much truer of journalist .", "the clergyman appears in person and could easily be kicked as he came out of church ; the journalist conceals even his name so that nobody can kick him .", "they write wild and pointless articles and letters in the press about why the churches are empty , without even going there to find out if they are empty , or which of them are empty .", "their suggestions are more vapid and vacant than the most insipid curate in a three - act farce , and move us to comfort him after the manner of the curate in the bab ballads ; ' your mind is not so blank as that of hopley porter . '", "so we may truly say to the very feeblest cleric : ' your mind is not so blank as that of indignant layman or plain man or man in the street , or any of your critics in the newspapers ; for they have not the most shadowy notion of what they want themselves .", "let alone of what you ought to give them . '", "they will suddenly turn round and revile the church for not having prevented the war , which they themselves did not want to prevent ; and which nobody had ever professed to be able to prevent , except some of that very school of progressive and cosmopolitan sceptics who are the chief enemies of the church .", "it was the anti - clerical and agnostic world that was always prophesying the advent of universal peace ; it is that world that was , or should have been , abashed and confounded by the advent of universal war .", "as for the general view that the church was discredited by the war - - they might as well say that the ark was discredited by the flood .", "when the world goes wrong , it proves rather that the church is right .", "the church is justified , not because her children do not sin , but because they do .", "but that marks their mood about the whole religious tradition they are in a state of reaction against it .", "it is well with the boy when he lives on his father ' s land ; and well with him again when he is far enough from it to look back on it and see it as a whole .", "but these people have got into an intermediate state , have fallen into an intervening valley from which they can see neither the heights beyond them nor the heights behind .", "they cannot get out of the penumbra of christian controversy .", "they cannot be christians and they can not leave off being anti - christians .", "their whole atmosphere is the atmosphere of a reaction : sulks , perversity , petty criticism .", "they still live in the shadow of the faith and have lost the light of the faith .", "now the best relation to our spiritual home is to be near enough to love it .", "but the next best is to be far enough away not to hate it .", "it is the contention of these pages that while the best judge of christianity is a christian , the next best judge would be something more like a confucian .", "the worst judge of all is the man now most ready with his judgements ; the ill - educated christian turning gradually into the ill - tempered agnostic , entangled in the end of a feud of which he never understood the beginning , blighted with a sort of hereditary boredom with he knows not what , and already weary of hearing what he has never heard .", "he does not judge christianity calmly as a confucian would ; he does not judge it as he would judge confucianism .", "he cannot by an effort of fancy set the catholic church thousands of miles away in strange skies of morning and judge it as impartially as a chinese pagoda .", "it is said that the great st . francis xavier , who very nearly succeeded in setting up the church there as a tower overtopping all pagodas , failed partly because his followers were accused by their fellow missionaries of representing the twelve apostles with the garb or attributes of chinamen .", "but it would be far better to see them as chinamen , and judge them fairly as chinamen , than to see them as featureless idols merely made to be battered by iconoclasts ; or rather as cockshies to be pelted by empty - handed cockneys .", "it would be better to see the whole thing as a remote asiatic cult ; the mitres of its bishops as the towering head dresses of mysterious bonzes ; its pastoral staffs as the sticks twisted like serpents carried in some asiatic procession ; to see the prayer book as fantastic as the prayer - wheel and the cross as crooked as the swastika .", "then at least we should not lose our temper as some of the sceptical critics seem to lose their temper , not to mention their wits .", "their anti - clericalism has become an atmosphere , an atmosphere of negation and hostility from which they cannot escape .", "compared with that , it would be better to see the whole thing as something belonging to another continent , or to another planet .", "it would be more philosophical to stare indifferently at bonzes than to be perpetually and pointlessly grumbling at bishops .", "it would be better to walk past a church as if it were a pagoda than to stand permanently in the porch , impotent either to go inside and help or to go outside and forget .", "for those in whom a mere reaction has thus become an obsession , i do seriously recommend the imaginative effort of conceiving the twelve apostles as chinamen .", "in other words , i recommend these critics to try to do as much justice to christian saints as if they were pagan sages .", "but with this we come to the final and vital point i shall try to show in these pages that when we do make this imaginative effort to see the whole thing from the outside , we find that it really looks like what is traditionally said about it inside .", "it is exactly when the boy gets far enough off to see the giant that he sees that he really is a giant .", "it is exactly when we do at last see the christian church afar under those clear and level eastern skies that we see that it is really the church of christ .", "to put it shortly , the moment we are really impartial about it , we know why people are partial to it .", "but this second proposition requires more serious discussion ; and i shall here set myself to discuss it .", "as soon as i had clearly in my mind this conception of something solid in the solitary and unique character of the divine story , it struck me that there was exactly the same strange and yet solid character in the human story that had led up to it ; because that human story also had a root that was divine .", "i mean that just as the church seems to grow more remarkable when it is fairly compared with the common religious life of mankind , so mankind itself seems to grow more remarkable when we compare it with the common life of nature .", "and i have noticed that most modern history is driven to something like sophistry , first to soften the sharp transition from animals to men , and then to soften the sharp transition from heathens to christians .", "now the more we really read in a realistic spirit of those two transitions the sharper we shall find them to be .", "it is because the critics are not detached that they do not see this detachment ; it is because they are not looking at things in a dry light that they cannot see the difference between black and white .", "it is because they are in a particular mood of reaction and revolt that they have a motive for making out that all the white is dirty grey and the black not so black as it is painted .", "i do not say there are not human excuses for their revolt ; i do not say it is not in some ways sympathetic ; what i say is that it is not in any way scientific .", "an iconoclast may be indignant ; an iconoclast may be justly indignant ; but an iconoclast is not impartial .", "and it is stark hypocrisy to pretend that nine - tenths of the higher critics and scientific evolutionists and professors of comparative religion are in the least impartial .", "why should they be impartial , what is being impartial , when the whole world is at war about whether one thing is a devouring superstition or a divine hope ?", "i do not pretend to be impartial in the sense that the final act of faith fixes a man ' s mind because it satisfies his mind .", "but i do profess to be a great deal more impartial than they are ; in the sense that i can tell the story fairly , with some sort of imaginative justice to all sides ; and they cannot .", "i do profess to be impartial in the sense that i should be ashamed to talk such nonsense about the lama of thibet as they do about the pope of rome , or to have as little sympathy with julian the apostate as they have with the society of jesus .", "they are not impartial ; they never by any chance hold the historical scales even ; and above all they are never impartial upon this point of evolution and transition .", "they suggest everywhere the grey gradations of twilight , because they believe it is the twilight of the gods .", "i propose to maintain that whether or no it is the twilight of gods , it is not the daylight of men .", "i maintain that when brought out into the daylight these two things look altogether strange and unique ; and that it is only in the false twilight of an imaginary period of transition that they can be made to look in the least like anything else .", "the first of these is the creature called man and the second is the man called christ .", "i have therefore divided this book into two parts : the former being a sketch of the main adventure of the human race in so far as it remained heathen ; and the second a summary of the real difference that was made by it becoming christian .", "both motives necessitate a certain method , a method which is not very easy to manage , and perhaps even less easy to define or defend .", "in order to strike , in the only sane or possible sense , the note of impartiality , it is necessary to touch the nerve of novelty .", "i mean that in one sense we see things fairly when we see them first .", "that , i may remark in passing , is why children generally have very little difficulty about the dogmas of the church .", "but the church , being a highly practical thing for working and fighting , is necessarily a thing for men and not merely for children .", "there must be in it for working purposes a great deal of tradition , of familiarity , and even of routine .", "so long as its fundamentals are sincerely felt , this may even be the saner condition .", "but when its fundamentals are doubted , as at present , we must try to recover the candour and wonder of the child ; the unspoilt realism and objectivity of innocence .", "or if we cannot do that , we must try at least to shake off the cloud of mere custom and see the thing as new , if only by seeing it as unnatural .", "things that may well be familiar so long as familiarity breeds affection had much better become unfamiliar when familiarity breeds contempt .", "for in connection with things so great as are here considered , whatever our view of them , contempt must be a mistake .", "indeed contempt must be an illusion .", "we must invoke the most wild and soaring sort of imagination ; the imagination that can see what is there .", "the only way to suggest the point is by an example of something , indeed of almost anything , that has been considered beautiful or wonderful .", "george wyndham once told me that he had seen one of the first aeroplanes rise for the first time and it was very wonderful but not so wonderful as a horse allowing a man to ride on him .", "somebody else has said that a fine man on a fine horse is the noblest bodily object in the world .", "now , so long as people feel this in the right way , all is well .", "the first and best way of appreciating it is to come of people with a tradition of treating animals properly ; of men in the right relation to horses .", "a boy who remembers his father who rode a horse , who rode it well and treated it well , will know that the relation can be satisfactory and will be satisfied .", "he will be all the more indignant at the ill - treatment of horses because he knows how they ought to be treated ; but he will see nothing but what is normal in a man riding on a horse .", "he will not listen to the great modern philosopher who explains to him that the horse ought to be riding on the man .", "he will not pursue the pessimist fancy of swift and say that men must be despised as monkeys and horses worshipped as gods .", "and horse and man together making an image that is to him human and civilised , it will be easy , as it were , to lift horse and man together into something heroic or symbolical ; like a vision of st . george in the clouds .", "the fable of the winged horse will not be wholly unnatural to him : and he will know why ariosto set many a christian hero in such an airy saddle , and made him the rider of the sky .", "for the horse has really been lifted up along with the man in the wildest fashion in the very word we use when we speak ' chivalry . '", "the very name of the horse has been given to the highest mood and moment of the man ; so that we might almost say that the handsomest compliment to a man is to call him a horse .", "out of some dark forest under some ancient dawn there must come towards us , with lumbering yet dancing motions , one of the very queerest of the prehistoric creatures .", "we must see for the first time the strangely small head set on a neck not only longer but thicker than itself , as the face of a gargoyle is thrust out upon a gutter - spout , the one disproportionate crest of hair running along the ridge of that heavy neck like a beard in the wrong place ; the feet , each like a solid club of horn , alone amid the feet of so many cattle ; so that the true fear is to be found in showing , not the cloven , but the uncloven hoof .", "nor is it mere verbal fancy to see him thus as a unique monster ; for in a sense a monster means what is unique , and he is really unique .", "but the point is that when we thus see him as the first man saw him , we begin once more to have some imaginative sense of what it meant when the first man rode him .", "in such a dream he may seem ugly , but he does not seem unimpressive ; and certainly that two - legged dwarf who could get on top of him will not seem unimpressive .", "by a longer and more erratic road we shall come back to the same marvel of the man and the horse ; and the marvel will be , if possible , even more marvellous .", "we shall have again a glimpse of st . george ; the more glorious because st . george is not riding on the horse , but rather riding on the dragon .", "in this example , which i have taken merely because it is an example , it will be noted that i do not say that the nightmare seen by the first man of the forest is either more true or more wonderful than the normal mare of the stable seen by the civilised person who can appreciate what is normal .", "of the two extremes , i think on the whole that the traditional grasp of truth is the better .", "but i say that the truth is found at one or other of these two extremes , and is lost in the intermediate condition of mere fatigue and forgetfulness of tradition .", "in other words , i say it is better to see a horse as a monster than to see it only as a slow substitute for a motor - car .", "if we have got into that state of mind about a horse as something stale , it is far better to be frightened of a horse because it is a good deal too fresh .", "but in order to see them clearly we have to see them as a whole .", "we have to see how they developed as well as how they began ; for the most incredible part of the story is that things which began thus should have developed thus .", "anyone who chooses to indulge in mere imagination can imagine that other things might have happened or other entities evolved .", "anyone thinking of what might have happened may conceive a sort of evolutionary equality ; but anyone facing what did happen must face an exception and a prodigy .", "if there was ever a moment when man was only an animal , we can if we choose make a fancy picture of his career transferred to some other animal .", "an entertaining fantasia might be made in which elephants built in elephantine architecture , with towers and turrets like tusks and trunks , cities beyond the scale of any colossus .", "a pleasant fable might be conceived in which a cow had developed a costume , and put on four boots and two pairs of trousers .", "we could imagine a supermonkey more marvellous than any superman , a quadrumanous creature carving and painting with his hands and cooking and carpentering with his feet .", "but if we are considering what did happen , we shall certainly decide that man has distanced everything else with a distance like that of the astronomical spaces and a speed like that of the still thunderbolt of the light .", "and in the same fashion , while we can if we choose see the church amid a mob of mithraic or manichean superstitions squabbling and killing each other at the end of the empire , while we can if we choose imagine the church killed in the struggle and some other chance cult taking its place , we shall be the more surprised ( and possibly puzzled ) if we meet it two thousand years afterwards rushing through the ages as the winged thunderbolt of thought and everlasting enthusiasm ; a thing without rival or resemblance ; and still as new as it is old .", "far away in some strange constellation in skies infinitely remote , there is a small star , which astronomers may some day discover .", "at least i could never observe in the faces or demeanour of most astronomers or men of science any evidence that they have discovered it ; though as a matter of fact they were walking about on it all the time .", "it is a star that brings forth out of itself very strange plants and very strange animals ; and none stranger than the men of science .", "that at least is the way in which i should begin a history of the world , if i had to follow the scientific custom of beginning with an account of the astronomical universe .", "i should try to see even this earth from the outside , not by the hackneyed insistence of its relative position to the sun , but by some imaginative effort to conceive its remote position for the dehumanised spectator .", "only i do not believe in being dehumanised in order to study humanity .", "i do not believe in dwelling upon the distances that are supposed to dwarf the world ; i think there is even something a trifle vulgar about this idea of trying to rebuke spirit by size .", "and as the first idea is not feasible , that of making the earth a strange planet so as to make it significant , i will not stoop to the other trick of making it a small planet in order to make it insignificant .", "i would rather insist that we do not even know that it is a planet at all , in the sense in which we know that it is a place ; and a very extraordinary place too .", "that is the note which i wish to strike from the first , if not in the astronomical , then in some more familiar fashion .", "but this notion of something smooth and slow , like the ascent of a slope , is a great part of the illusion .", "it is an illogicality as well as an illusion ; for slowness has really nothing to do with the question .", "an event is not any more intrinsically intelligible or unintelligible because of the pace at which it moves .", "for a man who does not believe in a miracle , a slow miracle would be just as incredible as a swift one .", "the greek witch may have turned sailors to swine with a stroke of the wand .", "but to see a naval gentleman of our acquaintance looking a little more like a pig every day , till he ended with four trotters and a curly tail , would not be any more soothing .", "it might be rather more creepy and uncanny .", "the medieval wizard may have flown through the air from the top of a tower ; but to see an old gentleman walking through the air , in a leisurely and lounging manner , would still seem to call for some explanation .", "yet there runs through all the rationalistic treatment of history this curious and confused idea that difficulty is avoided , or even mystery eliminated , by dwelling on mere delay or on something dilatory in the processes of things .", "there will be something to be said upon particular examples elsewhere ; the question here is the false atmosphere of facility and ease given by the mere suggestion of going slow ; the sort of comfort that might be given to a nervous old woman travelling for the first time in a motor - car .", "mr . h . g . wells has confessed to being a prophet ; and in this matter he was a prophet at his own expense .", "it is curious that his first fairy - tale was a complete answer to his last book of history .", "the time machine destroyed in advance all comfortable conclusions founded on the mere relativity of time .", "in that sublime nightmare the hero saw trees shoot up like green rockets , and vegetation spread visibly like a green conflagration , or the sun shoot across the sky from east to west with the swiftness of a meteor .", "yet in his sense these things were quite as natural when they went swiftly ; and in our sense they are quite as supernatural when they go slowly .", "the ultimate question is why they go at all ; and anybody who really understands that question will know that it always has been and always will be a religious question ; or at any rate a philosophical or metaphysical question .", "and most certainly he will not think the question answered by some substitution of gradual for abrupt change ; or , in other words by a merely relative question of the same story being spun out or rattled rapidly through , as can be done with any story at a cinema by turning a handle .", "now what is needed for these problems of primitive existence is something more like a primitive spirit .", "in calling up this vision of the first things , i would ask the reader to make with me a sort of experiment in simplicity .", "and by simplicity i do not mean stupidity , but rather the sort of clarity that sees things like life rather than words like evolution .", "for this purpose it would really be better to turn the handle of the time machine a little more quickly and see the grass growing and the trees springing up into the sky , if that experiment could contract and concentrate and make vivid the upshot of the whole affair .", "what we know , in a sense in which we know nothing else , is that the trees and the grass did grow and that number of other extraordinary things do in fact happen ; that queer creatures support themselves in the empty air by beating it with fans of various fantastic shapes ; that other queer creatures steer themselves about alive under a load of mighty waters ; that other queer creatures walk about on four legs , and that the queerest creature of all walks about on two .", "these are things and not theories ; and compared with them evolution and the atom and even the solar system are merely theories .", "the matter here is one of history and not of philosophy so that it need only be noted that no philosopher denies that a mystery still attaches to the two great transitions : the origin of the universe itself and the origin of the principle of life itself .", "most philosophers have the enlightenment to add that a third mystery attaches to the origin of man himself .", "in other words , a third bridge was built across a third abyss of the unthinkable when there came into the world what we call reason and what we call will .", "man is not merely an evolution but rather a revolution .", "that he has a backbone or other parts upon a similar pattern to birds and fishes is an obvious fact , whatever be the meaning of the fact .", "but if we attempt to regard him , as it were , as a quadruped standing on his hind legs , we shall find what follows far more fantastic and subversive than if he were standing on his head .", "i will take one example to serve for an introduction to the story of man .", "it illustrates what i mean by saying that a certain childish directness is needed to see the truth about the childhood of the world .", "it illustrates what i mean by saying that a mixture of popular science and journalistic jargon have confused the facts about the first things , so that we cannot see which of them really comes first .", "it illustrates , though only in one convenient illustration , all that i mean by the necessity of seeing the sharp differences that give its shape to history , instead of being submerged in all these generalisations about slowness and sameness .", "for we do indeed require , in mr . wells ' s phrase , an outline of history .", "but we may venture to say , in mr . mantalini ' s phrase , that this evolutionary history has no outline or is a demd outline .", "but , above all , it illustrates what i mean by saying that the more we really look at man as an animal , the less he will look like one .", "to - day all our novels and newspapers will be found swarming with numberless allusions to a popular character called a cave - man .", "he seems to be quite familiar to us , not only as a public character but as a private character .", "his psychology is seriously taken into account in psychological fiction and psychological medicine .", "so far as i can understand , his chief occupation in life was knocking his wife about , or treating women in general with what is , i believe , known in the world of the film as ' rough stuff . '", "i have never happened to come upon the evidence for this idea ; and i do not know on what primitive diaries or prehistoric divorce - reports it is founded .", "nor , as i have explained elsewhere , have i ever been able to see the probability of it , even considered a priori .", "we are always told without any explanation or authority that primitive man waved a club and knocked the woman down before he carried her off .", "but on every animal analogy , it would seem an almost morbid modesty and reluctance , on the part of the lady , always to insist on being knocked down before consenting to be carried off .", "and i repeat that i can never comprehend why , when the male was so very rude , the female should have been so very refined .", "the cave - man may have been a brute , but there is no reason why he should have been more brutal than the brutes .", "and the loves of the giraffes and the river romance of the hippopotami are effected without any of this preliminary fracas or shindy .", "the cave - man may have been no better that the cave - bear ; but the child she - bear , so famous in hymnology , is not trained with any such bias for spinsterhood .", "in short these details of the domestic life of the cave puzzle me upon either the revolutionary or the static hypothesis ; and in any case i should like to look into the evidence for them , but unfortunately i have never been able to find it .", "but the curious thing is this : that while ten thousand tongues of more or less scientific or literary gossip seemed to be talking at once about this unfortunate fellow , under the title of the cave - man , the one connection in which it is really relevant and sensible to talk about him as the cave - man has been comparatively neglected .", "people have used this loose term in twenty loose ways , but they have never even looked at their own term for what could really be learned from it .", "in fact , people have been interested in everything about the cave - man except what he did in the cave .", "now there does happen to be some real evidence of what he did in the cave .", "it is little enough , like all the prehistoric evidence , but it is concerned with the real cave - man and his cave and not the literary cave - man and his club .", "and it will be valuable to our sense of reality to consider quite simply what that real evidence is , and not to go beyond it .", "what was found in the cave was not the club , the horrible gory club notched with the number of women it had knocked on the head .", "the cave was not a bluebeard ' s chamber filled with the skeletons of slaughtered wives ; it was not filled with female skulls all arranged in rows and all cracked like eggs .", "it was something quite unconnected , one way or the other , with all the modern phrases and philosophical implications and literary rumours which confuse the whole question for us .", "and if we wish to see as it really is this authentic glimpse of the morning of the world , it will be far better to conceive even the story of its discovery as some such legend of the land of morning .", "it would be far better to tell the tale of what was really found as simply as the tale of heroes finding the golden fleece or the gardens of the hesperides , if we could so escape from a fog of controversial theories into the clear colours and clean - cut outlines of such a dawn .", "the old epic poets at least knew how to tell a story , possibly a tall story but never a twisted story , never a story tortured out of its own shape to fit theories and philosophies invented centuries afterwards .", "it would be well if modern investigators could describe their discoveries in the bald narrative style of the earliest travellers , and without any of these long allusive words that are full of irrelevant implication and suggestion .", "then we might realise exactly what we do know about the cave - man , or at any rate about the cave .", "a priest and a boy entered sometime ago a hollow in the hills and passed into a sort of subterranean tunnel that led into a labyrinth of such sealed and secret corridors of rock .", "they crawled through cracks that seemed almost impassable , they crept through tunnels that might have been made for moles , they dropped into holes as hopeless as wells , they seemed to be burying themselves alive seven times over beyond the hope of resurrection .", "this is but the commonplace of all such courageous exploration ; but what is needed here is some one who shall put such stories in the primary light , in which they are not commonplace .", "there is , for instance , something strangely symbolic in the accident that the first intruders into that sunken world were a priest and a boy , the types of the antiquity and of youth of the world .", "but here i am even more concerned with the symbolism of the boy than with that of the priest .", "nobody who remembers boyhood needs to be told what it might be to a boy to enter like peter pan under a roof of the roots of all the trees and go deeper and deeper , till he reach what william morris called the very roots of the mountains .", "suppose somebody , with that simple and unspoilt realism that is a part of innocence , to pursue that journey to its end , not for the sake of what he could deduce or demonstrate in some dusty magazine controversy , but simply for the sake of what he could see .", "what he did see at last was a cavern so far from the light of day that it might have been the legendary domdaniel cavern , that was under the floor of the sea .", "this secret chamber of rock , when illuminated after its long night of unnumbered ages , revealed on its walls large and sprawling outlines diversified with coloured earths ; and when they followed the lines of them they recognised , across that vast and void of ages , the movement and the gesture of a man ' s hand .", "they were drawings or paintings of animals ; and they were drawn or painted not only by a man but by an artist .", "under whatever archaic limitations , they showed that love of the long sweeping or the long wavering line which any man who has ever drawn or tried to draw will recognise ; and about which no artist will allow himself to be contradicted by any scientist .", "they showed the experimental and adventurous spirit of the artist , the spirit that does not avoid but attempt difficult things ; as where the draughtsman had represented the action of the stag when he swings his head clean round and noses towards his tail , an action familiar enough in the horse .", "but there are many modern animal - painters who would set themselves something of a task in rendering it truly .", "in this and twenty other details it is clear that the artist had watched animals with a certain interest and presumably a certain pleasure .", "in that sense it would seem that he was not only an artist but a naturalist ; the sort of naturalist who is really natural .", "now it is needless to note , except in passing , that there is nothing whatever in the atmosphere of that cave to suggest the bleak and pessimistic atmosphere of that journalistic cave of the winds , that blows and bellows about us with countless echoes concerning the cave - man .", "so far as any human character can be hinted at by such traces of the past , that human character is quite human and even humane .", "it is certainly not the ideal of an inhuman character , like the abstraction invoked in popular science .", "when novelists and educationists and psychologists of all sorts talk about the cave - man , they never conceive him in connection with anything that is really in the cave .", "when the realist of the sex novel writes , ' red sparks danced in dagmar doubledick ' s brain ; he felt the spirit of the cave - man rising within him , ' the novelist ' s readers would be very much disappointed if dagmar only went off and drew large pictures of cows on the drawing - room wall .", "when the psycho - analyst writes to a patient , ' the submerged instincts of the cave - man are doubtless prompting you to gratify a violent impulse , ' he does not refer to the impulse to paint in water - colours ; or to make conscientious studies of how cattle swing their heads when they graze .", "yet we do know for a fact that the cave man did these mild and innocent things ; and we have not the most minute speck of evidence that he did any of the violent and ferocious things .", "in other words the cave - man as commonly presented to us is simply a myth or rather a muddle ; for a myth has at least an imaginative outline of truth .", "the whole of the current way of talking is simply a confusion and a misunderstanding , founded on no sort of scientific evidence and valued only as an excuse for a very modern mood of anarchy .", "if any gentleman wants to knock a woman about , he can surely be a cad without taking away the character of the cave - man , about whom we know next to nothing except what we can gather from a few harmless and pleasing pictures on a wall .", "but this is not the point about the pictures or the particular moral here to be drawn from them .", "that moral is something much larger and simpler , so large and simple that when it is first stated it will sound childish .", "and indeed it is in the highest sense childish ; and that is why i have in this apologue in some sense seen it through the eyes of a child .", "it is the biggest of all the facts really facing the boy in the cavern ; and is perhaps too big to be seen .", "if the boy was one of the flock of the priest , it may be presumed that he had been trained in a certain quality of common sense ; that common sense that often comes to us in the form of tradition .", "in that case he would simply recognise the primitive man ' s work as the work of a man , interesting but in no way incredible in being primitive .", "he would see what was there to see ; and he would not be tempted into seeing what was not there , by any evolutionary excitement or fashionable speculation .", "if he had heard of such things he would admit , of course , that the speculations might be true and were not incompatible with the facts that were true .", "the artist may have had another side to his character besides that which he has alone left on record in his works of art .", "the primitive man may have taken a pleasure in beating women as well as in drawing animals ; all we can say is that the drawings record the one but not the other .", "it may be true that when the cave - man ' s finished jumping on his mother , or his wife as the case may be , he loves to hear the little brook a - gurgling , and also to watch the deer as they come down to drink at the brook .", "these things are not impossible , but they are irrelevant .", "the common sense of the child could confine itself to learning from the facts what the facts have to teach ; and the pictures in the cave are very nearly all the facts there are .", "so far as that evidence goes , the child would be justified in assuming that a man had represented animals with rock and red ochre for the same reason as he himself was in the habit of trying to represent animals with charcoal and red chalk .", "the man had drawn a stag just as the child had drawn a horse ; because it was fun .", "the man had drawn a stag with his head turned as the child had drawn a pig with his eyes shut ; because it was difficult .", "the child and the man , being both human , would be united by the brotherhood of men ; and the brotherhood of men is even nobler when it bridges the abyss of ages than when it bridges only the chasm of class .", "but anyhow he would see no evidence of the cave man of crude evolutionism ; because there is none to be seen .", "if somebody told him that the pictures had all been drawn by st . francis of assisi out of pure and saintly love of animals , there would be nothing in the cave to contradict it .", "indeed i once knew a lady who half - humorously suggested that the cave was a cr � che , in which the babies were put to be specially safe , and that coloured animals were drawn on the walls to amuse them ; very much as diagrams of elephants and giraffes adorn a modern infant school .", "and though this was but a jest , it does draw attention to some of the other assumptions that we make only too readily .", "the pictures do not prove even that the cave - men lived in caves , any more than the discovery of a wine - cellar in balham ( long after that suburb had been destroyed by human or divine wrath ) would prove that the victorian middle classes lived entirely underground .", "the cave might have had a special purpose like the cellar ; it might have been a religious shrine or a refuge in war or the meeting place of a secret society or all sorts of things .", "but it is quite true that its artistic decoration has much more of the atmosphere of a nursery than of any of these nightmares of anarchical fury and fear .", "i have conceived a child as standing in the cave ; and it is easy to conceive any child , modern or immeasurably remote , as making a living gesture as if to pat the painted beasts upon the wall .", "in that gesture there is a foreshadowing , as we shall see later , of another cavern and another child .", "but suppose the boy had not been taught by a priest but by a professor , by one of the professors who simplify the relation of men and beasts to a mere evolutionary variation .", "suppose the boy saw himself , with the same simplicity and sincerity , as a mere mowgli running with the pack of nature and roughly indistinguishable from the rest save by a relative and recent variation .", "what would be for him the simplest lesson of that strange stone picture - book ?", "after all , it would come back to this ; that he had dug very deep and found the place where a man had drawn the picture of a reindeer .", "but he would dig a good deal deeper before he found a place where a reindeer had drawn a picture of a man .", "that sounds like a truism , but in this connection it is really a very tremendous truth .", "he might descend to depths unthinkable , he might sink into sunken continents as strange as remote stars , he might find himself in the inside of the world as far from men as the other side of the moon ; he might see in those cold chasms or colossal terraces of stone , traced in the faint hieroglyphic of the fossil , the ruins of lost dynasties of biological life , rather like the ruins of successive creations and separate universes than the stages in the story of one .", "he would find the trail of monsters blindly developing in directions outside all our common imagery of fish and bird ; groping and grasping and touching life with every extravagant elongation of horn and tongue and tentacle ; growing a forest of fantastic caricatures of the claw and the fin and the finger .", "but nowhere would he find one finger that had traced one significant line upon the sand ; nowhere one claw that had even begun to scratch the faint suggestion of a form .", "to all appearance , the thing would be as unthinkable in all those countless cosmic variations of forgotten aeons as it would be in the beasts and birds before our eyes the child would no more expect to see it than to see the cat scratch on the wall a vindictive caricature of the dog .", "the childish common sense would keep the most evolutionary child from expecting to see anything like that ; yet in the traces of the rude and recently evolved ancestors of humanity he would have seen exactly that .", "it must surely strike him as strange that men so remote from him should be so near , and that beasts so near to him should be so remote .", "to his simplicity it must seem at least odd that he could not find any trace of the beginning of any arts among any animals .", "that is the simplest lesson to learn in the cavern of the coloured pictures ; only it is too simple to be learnt .", "it is the simple truth that man does differ from the brutes in kind and not in degree ; and the proof of it is here ; that it sounds like a truism to say that the most primitive man drew a picture of a monkey and that it sounds like a joke to say that the most intelligent monkey drew a picture of a man .", "something of division and disproportion has appeared ; and it is unique .", "art is the signature of man .", "that is the sort of simple truth with which a story of the beginnings ought really to begin .", "the evolutionist stands staring in the painted cavern at the things that are too large to be seen and too simple to be understood .", "he tries to deduce all sorts of other indirect and doubtful things from the details of the pictures , because he can not see the primary significance of the whole ; thin and theoretical deductions about the absence of religion or the presence of superstition ; about tribal government and hunting and human sacrifice and heaven knows what .", "in the next chapter i shall try to trace in a little more detail the much disputed question about these prehistoric origins of human ideas and especially of the religious idea .", "here i am only taking this one case of the cave as a sort of symbol of the simpler sort of truth with which the story ought to start .", "when all is said , the main fact that the record of the reindeer men attests , along with all other records , is that the reindeer man could draw and the reindeer could not .", "if the reindeer man was as much an animal as the reindeer , it was all the more extraordinary that he could do what all other animals could not .", "if he was an ordinary product of biological growth , like any other beast or bird , then it is all the more extraordinary that he was not in the least like any other beast or bird .", "he seems rather more supernatural as a natural product than as a supernatural one .", "it will be well in this place , however , to sum up once and for all what is meant by saying that man is at once the exception to everything and the mirror and the measure of all things .", "but to see man as he is , it is necessary once more to keep close to that simplicity that can clear itself of accumulated clouds of sophistry .", "the simplest truth about man is that he is a very strange being ; almost in the sense of being a stranger on the earth .", "in all sobriety , he has much more of the external appearance of one bringing alien habits from another land than of a mere growth of this one .", "he has an unfair advantage and an unfair disadvantage .", "he cannot sleep in his own skin ; he cannot trust his own instincts .", "he is at once a creator moving miraculous hands and fingers and a kind of cripple .", "he is wrapped in artificial bandages called clothes ; he is propped on artificial crutches called furniture .", "his mind has the same doubtful liberties and the same wild limitations .", "alone among the animals , he is shaken with the beautiful madness called laughter ; as if he had caught sight of some secret in the very shape of the universe hidden from the universe itself .", "alone among the animals he feels the need of averting his thought from the root realities of his own bodily being ; of hiding them as in the presence of some higher possibility which creates the mystery of shame .", "whether we praise these things as natural to man or abuse them as artificial in nature , they remain in the same sense unique .", "this is realised by the whole popular instinct called religion , until disturbed by pedants , especially the laborious pedants of the simple life .", "the most sophistical of all sophists are gymnosophists .", "now , as a matter of fact , there is not a shadow of evidence that this thing was evolved at all .", "there is not a particle of proof that this transition came slowly , or even that it came naturally .", "in a strictly scientific sense , we simply know nothing whatever about how it grew , or whether it grew , or what it is .", "there may be a broken trail of stone and bone faintly suggesting the development of the human body .", "there is nothing even faintly suggesting such a development of this human mind .", "it was not and it was ; we know not in what instant or in what infinity of years .", "something happened ; and it has all the appearance of a transaction outside of time .", "it has therefore nothing to do with history in the ordinary sense .", "the historian must take it or something like it for granted ; it is not his business as a historian to explain it .", "but if he cannot explain it as a historian , he will not explain it as a biologist .", "in neither case is there any disgrace to him in accepting it without explaining it ; for it is a reality , and history and biology deal with realities .", "he is quite justified in calmly confronting the pig with wings and the cow that jumped over the moon , merely because they have happened .", "he can reasonably accept man as a freak , because he accepts man as a fact .", "he can be perfectly comfortable in a crazy and disconnected world , or in a world that can produce such a crazy and disconnected thing .", "for reality is a thing in which we can all repose , even if it hardly seems related to anything else .", "the thing is there ; and that is enough for most of us .", "but if we do indeed want to know how it can conceivably have come there , if we do indeed wish to see it related realistically to other things , if we do insist on seeing it evolved before our very eyes from an environment nearer to its own nature , then assuredly it is to very different things that we must go .", "we must stir very strange memories and return to very simple dreams , if we desire some origin that can make man other than a monster .", "we shall have discovered very different causes before he becomes a creature of causation ; and invoked other authority to turn him into something reasonable , or even into anything probable .", "that way lies all that is at once awful and familiar and forgotten , with dreadful faces thronged and fiery arms .", "we can accept man as a fact , if we are content with an unexplained fact .", "we can accept him as an animal , if we can live with a fabulous animal .", "but if we must needs have sequence and necessity , then indeed we must provide a prelude and crescendo of mounting miracles , that ushered in with unthinkable thunders in all the seven heavens of another order , a man may be an ordinary thing .", "science is weak about these prehistoric things in a way that has hardly been noticed .", "the science whose modern marvels we all admire succeeds by incessantly adding to its data .", "in all practical inventions , in most natural discoveries , it can always increase evidence by experiment .", "but it cannot experiment in making men ; or even in watching to see what the first men make .", "an inventor can advance step by step in the construction of an aeroplane , even if he is only experimenting with sticks and scraps of metal in his own back - yard .", "but he cannot watch the missing link evolving in his own back - yard .", "if he has made a mistake in his calculations , the aeroplane will correct it by crashing to the ground .", "but if he has made a mistake about the arboreal habitat of his ancestor , he cannot see his arboreal ancestor falling off the tree .", "he cannot keep a cave - man like a cat in the back - yard and watch him to see whether he does really practice cannibalism or carry off his mate on the principles of marriage by capture .", "he cannot keep a tribe of primitive men like a pack of hounds and notice how far they are influenced by the herd instinct .", "if he sees a particular bird behave in a particular way , he can get other birds and see if they behave in that way ; but if he finds a skull , or the scrap of a skull , in the hollow of a hill , he cannot multiply it into a vision of the valley of dry bones .", "in dealing with a past that has almost entirely perished , he can only go by evidence and not by experiment .", "and there is hardly enough evidence to be even evidential .", "thus while most science moves in a sort of curve , being constantly corrected by new evidence , this science flies off into space in a straight line uncorrected by anything .", "but the habit of forming conclusions , as they can really be formed in more fruitful fields , is so fixed in the scientific mind that it cannot resist talking like this .", "it talks about the idea suggested by one scrap of bone as if it were something like the aeroplane which is constructed at last out of whole scrapheaps of scraps of metal .", "the trouble with the professor of the prehistoric is that he cannot scrap his scrap .", "the marvellous and triumphant aeroplane is made out of a hundred mistakes .", "the student of origins can only make one mistake and stick to it .", "we talk very truly of the patience of science ; but in this department it would be truer to talk of the impatience of science .", "owing to the difficulty above described , the theorist is in far too much of a hurry .", "we have a series of hypotheses so hasty that they may well be called fancies , and cannot in any case be further corrected by facts .", "the most empirical anthropologist is here as limited as an antiquary .", "he can only cling to a fragment of the past and has no way of increasing it for the future he can only clutch his fragment of fact , almost as the primitive man clutched his fragment of flint .", "and indeed he does deal with it in much the same way and for much the same reason .", "it is his tool and his only tool .", "it is his weapon and his only weapon .", "he often wields it with a fanaticism far in excess of anything shown by men of science when they can collect more facts from experience and even add new facts by experiment .", "sometimes the professor with his bone becomes almost as dangerous as a dog with his bone .", "and the dog at least does not deduce a theory from it , proving that mankind is going to the dogs - - or that it came from them .", "for instance , i have pointed out the difficulty of keeping a monkey and watching it evolve into a man .", "experimental evidence of such an evolution being impossible , the professor is not content to say ( as most of us would be ready to say ) that such an evolution is likely enough anyhow .", "he produces his little bone , or little collection of bones , and deduces the most marvellous things from it .", "he found in java a piece of a skull , seeming by its contour to be smaller than the human .", "somewhere near it he found an upright thigh - bone and in the same scattered fashion some teeth that were not human .", "if they all form part of one creature , which is doubtful , our conception of the creature would be almost equally doubtful .", "but the effect on popular science was to produce a complete and even complex figure , finished down to the last details of hair and habits .", "he was given a name as if he were an ordinary historical character .", "people talked of pithecanthropus as of pitt or fox or napoleon .", "popular histories published portraits of him like the portraits of charles the first and george the fourth .", "a detailed drawing was reproduced , carefully shaded , to show that the very hairs of his head were all numbered no uninformed person looking at its carefully lined face and wistful eyes would imagine for a moment that this was the portrait of a thigh - bone ; or of a few teeth and a fragment of a cranium .", "in the same way people talked about him as if he were an individual whose influence and character were familiar to us all .", "i have just read a story in a magazine about java , and how modern white inhabitants of that island are prevailed on to misbehave themselves by the personal influence of poor old pithecanthropus .", "that the modern inhabitants of java misbehave themselves i can very readily believe ; but i do not imagine that they need any encouragement from the discovery of a few highly doubtful bones .", "anyhow , those bones are far too few and fragmentary and dubious to fill up the whole of the vast void that does in reason and in reality lie between man and his bestial ancestors , if they were his ancestors .", "on the assumption of that evolutionary connection ( a connection which i am not in the least concerned to deny ) , the really arresting and remarkable fact is the comparative absence of any such remains recording that connection at that point .", "the sincerity of darwin really admitted this ; and that is how we came to use such a term as the missing link .", "but the dogmatism of darwinians has been too strong for the agnosticism of darwin ; and men have insensibly fallen into turning this entirely negative term into a positive image .", "they talk of searching for the habits and habitat of the missing link ; as if one were to talk of being on friendly terms with the gap in a narrative or the hole in an argument , of taking a walk with a non - sequitur or dining with an undistributed middle .", "in this sketch , therefore , of man in his relation to certain religious and historical problems , i shall waste no further space on these speculations on the nature of man before he became man .", "his body may have been evolved from the brutes ; but we know nothing of any such transition that throws the smallest light upon his soul as it has shown itself in history .", "unfortunately the same school of writers pursue the same style of reasoning when they come to the first real evidence about the first real men .", "strictly speaking of course we know nothing about prehistoric man , for the simple reason that he was prehistoric .", "the history of prehistoric man is a very obvious contradiction in terms .", "it is the sort of unreason in which only rationalists are allowed to indulge .", "if a parson had casually observed that the flood was ante - diluvian , it is possible that he might be a little chaffed about his logic .", "if a bishop were to say that adam was preadamite , we might think it a little odd .", "but we are not supposed to notice such verbal trifles when sceptical historians talk of the part of history that is prehistoric .", "the truth is that they are using the terms historic and prehistoric without any clear test or definition in their minds .", "what they mean is that there are traces of human lives before the beginning of human stories ; and in that sense we do at least know that humanity was before history .", "human civilisation is older than human records .", "that is the sane way of stating our relations to these remote things .", "humanity has left examples of its other arts earlier than the art of writing ; or at least of any writing that we can read .", "but it is certain that the primitive arts were arts ; and it is in every way probable that the primitive civilisations were civilisations .", "the man left a picture of the reindeer , but he did not leave a narrative of how he hunted the reindeer ; and therefore what we say of him is hypothesis and not history .", "but the art he did practice was quite artistic ; his drawing was quite intelligent and there is no reason to doubt that his story of the hunt would be quite intelligent , only if it exists it is not intelligible .", "in short , the prehistoric period need not mean the primitive period , in the sense of the barbaric or bestial period .", "it does not mean the time before civilisation or the time before arts and crafts .", "it simply means the time before any connected narratives that we can read .", "this does indeed make all the practical difference between remembrance and forgetfulness ; but it is perfectly possible that there were all sorts of forgotten forms of civilisation , as well as all sorts of forgotten forms of barbarism .", "and in any case everything indicated that many of these forgotten or half - forgotten social stages were much more civilised and much less barbaric than is vulgarly imagined today .", "but even about these unwritten histories of humanity , when humanity was quite certainly human , we can only conjecture with the greatest doubt and caution .", "and unfortunately doubt and caution are the last things commonly encouraged by the loose evolutionism of current culture .", "for that culture is full of curiosity ; and the one thing that it cannot endure is the agony of agnosticism .", "it was in the darwinian age that the word first became known and the thing first became impossible .", "it is necessary to say plainly that all this ignorance is simply covered by impudence .", "statements are made so plainly and positively that men have hardly the moral courage to pause upon them and find that they are without support .", "the other day a scientific summary of the state of a prehistoric tribe began confidently with the words ' they wore no clothes . '", "not one reader in a hundred probably stopped to ask himself how we should come to know whether clothes had once been worn by people of whom everything has perished except a few chips of bone and stone .", "it was doubtless hoped that we should find a stone hat as well as a stone hatchet .", "it was evidently anticipated that we might discover an everlasting pair of trousers of the same substance as the everlasting rock .", "but to persons of a less sanguine temperament it will be immediately apparent that people might wear simple garments , or even highly ornamental garments , without leaving any more traces of them than these people have left .", "the plaiting of rushes and grasses , for instance , might have become more and more elaborate without in the least becoming more eternal .", "one civilisation might specialise in things that happened to be perishable , like weaving and embroidery , and not in things that happen to be more permanent , like architecture and sculpture .", "there have been plenty of examples of such specialist societies .", "a man of the future finding the ruins of our factory machinery might as fairly say that we were acquainted with iron and with no other substance ; and announce the discovery that the proprietor and manager of the factory undoubtedly walked about naked - - or possibly wore iron hats and trousers .", "it is not contended here that these primitive men did wear clothes any more than they did weave rushes ; but merely that we have not enough evidence to know whether they did or not .", "but it may be worthwhile to look back for a moment at some of the very few things that we do know and that they did do .", "if we consider them , we shall certainly not find them inconsistent with such ideas as dress and decoration .", "we do not know whether they decorated other things .", "we do not know whether they had embroideries , and if they had the embroideries could not be expected to have remained .", "but we do know that they did have pictures ; and the pictures have remained .", "and there remains with them , as already suggested , the testimony to something that is absolute and unique ; that belongs to man and to nothing else except man ; that is a difference of kind and not a difference of degree .", "a monkey does not draw clumsily and a man cleverly ; a monkey does not begin the art of representation and a man carry it to perfection .", "a monkey does not do it at all ; he does not begin to do it at all ; he does not begin to begin to do it at all .", "a line of some kind is crossed before the first faint line can begin .", "another distinguished writer , again , in commenting on the cave drawings attributed to the neolithic men of the reindeer period , said that none of their pictures appeared to have any religious purpose ; and he seemed almost to infer that they had no religion .", "i can hardly imagine a thinner thread of argument than this which reconstructs the very inmost moods of the pre - historic mind from the fact that somebody who has scrawled a few sketches on a rock , from what motive we do not know , for what purpose we do not know , acting under what customs or conventions we do not know , may possibly have found it easier to draw reindeer than to draw religion .", "he may have drawn it because it was his religious symbol .", "he may have drawn it because it was not his religious symbol .", "he may have drawn anything except his religious symbol .", "he may have drawn his real religious symbol somewhere else ; or it may have been deliberately destroyed when it was drawn .", "he may have done or not done half a million things ; but in any case it is an amazing leap of logic to infer that he had no religious symbol , or even to infer from his having no religious symbol that he had no religion .", "now this particular case happens to illustrate the insecurity of these guesses very clearly .", "for a little while afterwards , people discovered not only paintings but sculptures of animals in the caves .", "some of these were said to be damaged with dints or holes supposed to be the marks of arrows ; and the damaged images were conjectured to be the remains of some magic rite of killing the beasts in effigy ; while the undamaged images were explained in connection with another magic rite invoking fertility upon the herds .", "here again there is something faintly humorous about the scientific habit of having it both ways .", "if the image is damaged it proves one superstition and if it is undamaged it proves another .", "here again there is a rather reckless jumping to conclusions ; it has hardly occurred to the speculators that a crowd of hunters imprisoned in winter in a cave might conceivably have aimed at a mark for fun , as a sort of primitive parlour game .", "but in any case , if it was done out of superstition , what has become of the thesis that it had nothing to do with religion ?", "the truth is that all this guess work has nothing to do with anything .", "it is not half such a good parlour game as shooting arrows at a carved reindeer , for it is shooting them into the air .", "such speculators rather tend to forget , for instance , that men in the modern world also sometimes make marks in caves .", "when a crowd of trippers is conducted through the labyrinth of the marvelous grotto or the magic stalactite cavern , it has been observed that hieroglyphics spring into sight where they have passed ; initials and inscriptions which the learned refuse to refer to any remote date .", "but the time will come when these inscriptions will really be of remote date .", "and if the professors of the future are anything like the professors of the present , they will be able to deduce a vast number of very vivid and interesting things from these cave - writings of the twentieth century .", "if i know anything about the breed , and if they have not fallen away from the full - blooded confidence of their fathers , they will be able to discover the most fascinating facts about us from the initials left in the magic grotto by ' arry and ' arriet , possibly in the form of two intertwined a ' s . from this alone they will know ( 1 ) that as the letters are rudely chipped with a blunt pocket knife , the twentieth century possessed no delicate graving - tools and was unacquainted with the art of sculpture .", "( 2 ) that as the letters are capital letters , our civilisation never evolved any small letters or anything like a running hand .", "( 3 ) that because initial consonants stand together in an unpronounceable fashion , our language was possibly akin to welsh or more probably of the early semitic type that ignored vowels .", "( 4 ) that as the initials of ' arry and ' arriet do not in any special fashion profess to be religious symbols , our civilisation possessed no religion .", "perhaps the last is about the nearest to the truth ; for a civilisation that had religion would have a little more reason .", "it is commonly affirmed , again , that religion grew in a very slow and evolutionary manner ; and even that it grew not from one cause ; but from a combination that might be called a coincidence .", "generally speaking , the three chief elements in the combination are , first , the fear of the chief of the tribe ( whom mr . wells insists on calling , with regrettable familiarity , the old man ) , second , the phenomena of dreams , and third , the sacrificial associations of the harvest and the resurrection symbolised in the growing corn .", "i may remark in passing that it seems to me very doubtful psychology to refer one living and single spirit to three dead and disconnected causes , if they were merely dead and disconnected causes .", "suppose mr . wells , in one of his fascinating novels of the future , were to tell us that there would arise among men a new and as yet nameless passion , of which men will dream as they dream of first love , for which they will die as they die for a flag and a fatherland .", "i think we should be a little puzzled if he told us that this singular sentiment would be a combination of the habit of smoking woodbines , the increase of the income tax and the pleasure of a motorist in exceeding the speed limit .", "we could not easily imagine this , because we could not imagine any connection between the three or any common feeling that could include them all .", "nor could anyone imagine any connection between corn and dreams and an old chief with a spear , unless there was already a common feeling to include them all .", "but if there was such a common feeling it could only be the religious feeling ; and these things could not be the beginnings of a religious feeling that existed already .", "i think anybody ' s common sense will tell him that it is far more likely that this sort of mystical sentiment did exist already ; and that in the light of it dreams and kings and corn - fields could appear mystical then , as they can appear mystical now .", "for the plain truth is that all this is a trick of making things seem distant and dehumanised , merely by pretending not to understand things that we do understand .", "it is like saying that prehistoric men had an ugly and uncouth habit of opening their mouths wide at intervals and stuffing strange substances into them , as if we had never heard of eating .", "it is like saying that the terrible troglodytes of the stone age lifted alternate legs in rotation , as if we never heard of walking .", "if it were meant to touch the mystical nerve and awaken us to the wonder of walking and eating , it might be a legitimate fancy .", "as it is here intended to kill the mystical nerve and deaden us to the wonder of religion , it is irrational rubbish .", "it pretends to find some thing incomprehensible in the feelings that we all comprehend .", "who does not find dreams mysterious , and feel that they lie on the dark borderland of being ?", "who does not feel the death and resurrection of the growing things of the earth as something near to the secret of the universe ?", "who does not understand that there must always be the savour of something sacred about authority and the solidarity that is the soul of the tribe ?", "if there be any anthropologist who really finds these things remote and impossible to realise , we can say nothing of that scientific gentleman except that he has not got so large and enlightened a mind as a primitive man .", "to me it seems obvious that nothing but a spiritual sentiment already active could have clothed these separate and diverse things with sanctity .", "to say that religion came from reverencing a chief or sacrificing at a harvest is to put a highly elaborate cart before a really primitive horse .", "it is like saying that the impulse to draw pictures came from the contemplation of the pictures of reindeers in the cave .", "in other words , it is explaining painting by saying that it arose out of the work of painters ; or accounting for art by saying that it arose out of art .", "it is even more like saying that the thing we call poetry arose as the result of certain customs ; such as that of an ode being officially composed to celebrate the advent of spring ; or that of a young man rising at a regular hour to listen to the skylark and then writing his report on a piece of paper .", "it is quite true that young men often become poets in the spring ; and it is quite true that when once there are poets , no mortal power can restrain them from writing about the skylark but the poems did not exist before the poets .", "the poetry did not arise out of the poetic forms .", "in other words , it is hardly an adequate explanation of how a thing appeared for the first time to say it existed already .", "similarly , we cannot say that religion arose out of the religious forms , because that is only another way of saying that it only arose when it existed already .", "it needed a certain sort of mind to see that there was anything mystical about the dreams or the dead , as it needed a particular sort of mind to see that there was any thing poetical about the skylark or the spring .", "that mind was presumably what we call the human mind , very much as it exists to this day ; for mystics still meditate upon death and dreams as poets still write about spring and skylarks .", "but there is not the faintest hint to suggest that anything short of the human mind we know feels any of these mystical associations at all .", "a cow in a field seems to derive no lyrical impulse or instruction from her unrivalled opportunities for listening to the skylark .", "and similarly there is no reason to suppose that live sheep will ever begin to use dead sheep as the basis of a system of elaborate ancestor - worship .", "it is true that in the spring a young quadruped ' s fancy may lightly turn to thoughts of love , but no succession of springs has ever led it to turn however lightly to thoughts of literature .", "and in the same way , while it is true that a dog has dreams , while most other quadrupeds do not seem even to have that , we have waited a long time for the dog to develop his dreams into an elaborate system or religious ceremonial .", "we have waited so long that we have really ceased to expect it ; and we no more look to see a dog apply his dreams to ecclesiastical construction than to see him examine his dreams by the rules of psycho - analysis .", "it is obvious , in short , that for some reason or other these natural experiences , and even natural excitements , never do pass the line that separates them from creative expression like art and religion , in any creature except man .", "they never do , they never have , and it is now to all appearance very improbable that they ever will .", "it is not impossible , in the sense of self - contradictory , that we should see cows fasting from grass every friday or going on their knees as in the old legend about christmas eve .", "it is not in that sense impossible that cows should contemplate death until they can lift up a sublime psalm of lamentation to the tune the old cow died of .", "it is not in that sense impossible that they should express their hopes of a heavenly career in a symbolic dance , in honour of the cow that jumped over the moon .", "it may be that the dog will at last have laid in a sufficient store of dreams to enable him to build a temple to cerberus as a sort of canine trinity .", "it may be that his dreams have already begun to turn into visions capable of verbal expression , in some revelation about the dog star as the spiritual home for lost dogs .", "these things are logically possible , in the sense that it is logically difficult to prove the universal negative which we call an impossibility .", "but all that instinct for the probable , which we call common sense , must long ago have told us that the animals are not to all appearance evolving in that sense ; and that , to say the least , we are not likely to have any personal evidence of their passing from the animal experience to the human experiments .", "but spring and death and even dreams , considered merely as experiences , are their experiences as much as ours .", "the only possible conclusion is that these experiences , considered as experiences , do not generate anything like a religious sense in any mind except a mind like ours .", "we come back to the fact of a certain kind of mind that was already alive and alone .", "it was unique and it could make creeds as it could make cave - drawings .", "the materials for religion had lain there for countless ages like the materials for everything else ; but the power of religion was in the mind .", "man could already see in these things the riddles and hints and hopes that he still sees in them .", "he could not only dream but dream about dreams .", "he could not only see the dead but see the shadow of death ; and was possessed with that mysterious mystification that forever finds death incredible .", "it is quite true that we have even these hints chiefly about man when he unmistakably appears as man .", "we cannot affirm this or anything else about the alleged animal originally connecting man and the brutes .", "but that is only because he is not an animal but an allegation .", "we cannot be certain the pithecanthropus ever worshipped , because we cannot be certain that he ever lived .", "he is only a vision called up to fill the void that does in fact yawn between the first creatures who were certainly men and any other creatures that are certainly apes or other animals .", "a few very doubtful fragments are scraped together to suggest such an intermediate creature because it is required by a certain philosophy ; but nobody supposes that these are sufficient to establish anything philosophical even in support of that philosophy .", "a scrap of skull found in java cannot establish anything about religion or about the absence of religion .", "if there ever was any such ape - man , he may have exhibited as much ritual in religion as a man or as much simplicity in religion as an ape .", "he may have been a mythologist or he may have been a myth .", "it might be interesting to inquire whether this mystical quality appeared in a transition from the ape to the man , if there were really any types of the transition to inquire about .", "in other words , the missing link might or might not be mystical if he were not missing .", "but compared with the evidence we have of real human beings , we have no evidence that he was a human being or a half - human being or a being at all .", "even the most extreme evolutionists do not attempt to deduce any evolutionary views about the origin of religion from him .", "even in trying to prove that religion grew slowly from rude or irrational sources , they begin their proof with the first men who were men .", "but their own proof only proves that the men who were already men were already mystics .", "they used the rude and irrational elements as only men and mystics can use them .", "we come back once more to the simple truth ; that at sometime too early for these critics to trace , a transition had occurred to which bones and stones cannot in their nature bear witness ; and man became a living soul .", "touching this matter of the origin of religion , the truth is that those who are thus trying to explain it are trying to explain it away .", "subconsciously they feel that it looks less formidable when thus lengthened out into a gradual and almost invisible process .", "but in fact this perspective entirely falsifies the reality of experience .", "they bring together two things that are totally different , the stray hints of evolutionary origins and the solid and self - evident block of humanity , and try to shift their standpoint till they see them in a single foreshortened line .", "but it is an optical illusion .", "men do not in fact stand related to monkeys or missing links in any such chain as that in which men stand related to men .", "there may have been intermediate creatures whose faint traces can be found here and there in the huge gap .", "of these beings , if they ever existed , it may be true that they were things very unlike men or men very unlike ourselves .", "but of prehistoric men , such as those called the cave - men or the reindeer men , it is not true in any sense whatever .", "prehistoric men of that sort were things exactly like men and men exceedingly like our selves .", "they only happened to be men about whom we do not know much , for the simple reason that they have left no records or chronicles ; but all that we do know about them makes them just as human and ordinary as men in a medieval manor or a greek city .", "looking from our human standpoint up the long perspective of humanity , we simply recognise this thing as human .", "if we had to recognise it as animal we should have had to recognise it as abnormal .", "if we chose to look through the other end of the telescope , as i have done more than once in these speculations , if we chose to project the human figure forward out of an unhuman world , we could only say that one of the animals had obviously gone mad .", "but seeing the thing from the right end , or rather from the inside , we know it is sanity ; and we know that these primitive men were sane .", "we hail a certain human freemasonry wherever we see it , in savages , in foreigners or in historical characters .", "for instance , all we can infer from primitive legend , and all we know of barbaric life , supports a certain moral and even mystical idea of which the commonest symbol is clothes .", "for clothes are very literally vestments and man wears them because he is a priest .", "it is true that even as an animal he is here different from the animals .", "nakedness is not nature to him ; it is not his life but rather his death ; even in the vulgar sense of his death of cold .", "but clothes are worn for dignity or decency or decoration where they are not in any way wanted for warmth .", "it would sometimes appear that they are valued for ornament before they are valued for use .", "it would almost always appear that they are felt to have some connection with decorum .", "conventions of this sort vary a great deal with various times and places ; and there are some who cannot get over this reflection , and for whom it seems a sufficient argument for letting all conventions slide .", "they never tire of repeating , with simple wonder , that dress is different in the cannibal islands and in camden town ; they cannot get any further and throw up the whole idea of decency in despair .", "they might as well say that because there have been hats of a good many different shapes , and some rather eccentric shapes , therefore hats do not matter or do not exist .", "they would probably add that there is no such thing as sunstroke or going bald .", "men have felt everywhere that certain norms were necessary to fence off and protect certain private things from contempt or coarse misunderstanding ; and the keeping of those forms , whatever they were , made for dignity and mutual respect .", "the fact that they mostly refer , more or less remotely , to the relations of the sexes illustrates the two facts that must be put at the very beginning of the record of the race .", "the first is the fact that original sin is really original .", "not merely in theology but in history it is a thing rooted in the origins .", "whatever else men have believed , they have all believed that there is something the matter with mankind this sense of sin has made it impossible to be natural and have no clothes , just as it has made it impossible to be natural and have no laws .", "but above all it is to be found in that other fact , which is the father and mother of all laws as it is itself founded on a father and mother ; the thing that is before all thrones and even all commonwealths .", "that fact is the family .", "here again we must keep the enormous proportions of a normal thing clear of various modifications and degrees and doubts more or less reasonable , like clouds clinging about a mountain .", "it may be that what we call the family had to fight its way from or through various anarchies and aberrations ; but it certainly survived them and is quite as likely as not to have also preceded them .", "as we shall see in the case of communism and nomadism , more formless things could and did lie on the flank of societies that had taken a fixed form ; but there is nothing to show that the form did not exist before the formlessness .", "what is vital is that form is more important than formlessness ; and that the material called mankind has taken this form .", "for instance , of the rules revolving round sex , which were recently mentioned , none is more curious than the savage custom commonly called the couvade .", "that seems like a law out of topsyturvydom ; by which the father is treated as if he were the mother .", "in any case it clearly involves the mystical sense of sex ; but many have maintained that it is really a symbolic act by which the father accepts the responsibility of fatherhood .", "in that case that grotesque antic is really a very solemn act ; for it is the foundation of all we call the family and all we know as human society .", "some groping in these dark beginnings have said that mankind was once under a matriarchy ; i suppose that under a matriarchy it would not be called mankind but womankind .", "but others have conjectured that what is called matriarchy was simply moral anarchy , in which the mother alone remained fixed because all the fathers were fugitive and irresponsible .", "then came the moment when the man decided to guard and guide what he had created .", "so he became the head of the family , not as a bully with a big club to beat women with , but rather as a respectable person trying to be a responsible person .", "now all that might be perfectly true , and might even have been the first family act , and it would still be true that man then for the first time acted like a man , and therefore for the first time became fully a man .", "but it might quite as well be true that the matriarchy or moral anarchy , or whatever we call it , was only one of the hundred social dissolutions or barbaric backslidings which may have occurred at intervals in prehistoric as they certainly did in historic times .", "a symbol like the couvade , if it was really such a symbol , may have commemorated the suppression of a heresy rather than the first rise of a religion .", "we cannot conclude with any certainty about these things , except in their big results in the building of mankind , but we can say in what style the bulk of it and the best of it is built .", "we can say that the family is the unit of the state ; that it is the cell that makes up the formation .", "round the family do indeed gather the sanctities that separate men from ants and bees .", "decency is the curtain of that tent ; liberty is the wall of that city ; property is but the family farm ; honour is but the family flag .", "in the practical proportions of human history , we come back to that fundamental of the father and the mother and the child .", "it has been said already that if this story cannot start with religious assumptions , it must none the less start with some moral or metaphysical assumptions , or no sense can be made of the story of man .", "and this is a very good instance of that alternative necessity .", "if we are not of those who begin by invoking a divine trinity , we must none the less invoke a human trinity ; and see that triangle repeated everywhere in the pattern of the world .", "for the highest event in history , to which all history looks forward and leads up , is only something that is at once the reversal and the renewal of that triangle .", "or rather it is the one triangle superimposed so as to intersect the other , making a sacred pentacle of which , in a mightier sense than that of the magicians , the fiends are afraid .", "the old trinity was of father and mother and child and is called the human family .", "the new is of child and mother and father and has the name of the holy family .", "it is in no way altered except in being entirely reversed ; just as the world which is transformed was not in the least different , except in being turned upside - down .", "the modern man looking at the most ancient origins has been like a man watching for daybreak in a strange land ; and expecting to see that dawn breaking behind bare uplands or solitary peaks .", "but that dawn is breaking behind the black bulk of great cities long builded and lost for us in the original night ; colossal cities like the houses of giants , in which even the carved ornamental animals are taller than the palm - trees ; in which the painted portrait can be twelve times the size of the man ; with tombs like mountains of man set four - square and pointing to the stars ; with winged and bearded bulls standing and staring enormous at the gates of temples ; standing still eternally as if a stamp would shake the world .", "the dawn of history reveals a humanity already civilized .", "perhaps it reveals a civilisation already old .", "and among other more important things , it reveals the folly of most of the generalisations about the previous and unknown period when it was really young .", "the two first human societies of which we have any reliable and detailed record are babylon and egypt .", "it so happens that these two vast and splendid achievements of the genius of the ancients bear witness against two of the commonest and crudest assumptions of the culture of the moderns .", "if we want to get rid of half the nonsense about nomads and cave - men and the old man of the forest , we need only look steadily at the two solid and stupendous facts called egypt and babylon .", "of course most of these speculators who are talking about primitive men are thinking about modern savages .", "they prove their progressive evolution by assuming that a great part of the human race has not progressed or evolved ; or even changed in any way at all .", "i do not agree with their theory of change ; nor do i agree with their dogma of things unchangeable .", "i may not believe that civilised man has had so rapid and recent a progress ; but i cannot quite understand why uncivilised man should be so mystically immortal and immutable .", "a somewhat simpler mode of thought and speech seems to me to be needed throughout this inquiry .", "modern savages cannot be exactly like primitive man , because they are not primitive .", "modern savages are not ancient because they are modern .", "something has happened to their race as much as to ours , during the thousands of years of our existence and endurance on the earth .", "they have had some experiences , and have presumably acted on them if not profited by them .", "like the rest of us .", "they have had some environment , and even some change of environment , and have presumably adapted themselves to it in a proper and decorous evolutionary manner .", "this would be true even if the experiences were mild or the environment dreary ; for there is an effect in mere time when it takes the moral form of monotony .", "but it has appeared to a good many intelligent and well - informed people quite as probable that the experience of the savages has been that of a decline from civilisation .", "most of those who criticise this view do not seem to have any very clear notion of what a decline from civilisation would be like .", "heaven help them , it is likely enough that they will soon find out .", "they seem to be content if cave - men and cannibal islanders have some things in common , such as certain particular implements .", "but it is obvious on the face of it that any peoples reduced for any reason to a ruder life would have some things in common .", "if we lost all our firearms we should make bows and arrows ; but we should not necessarily resemble in every way the first men who made bows and arrows .", "it is said that the russians in their great retreat were so short of armament that they fought with clubs cut in the wood .", "but a professor of the future would err in supposing that the russian army of 1916 was a naked scythian tribe that had never been out of the wood .", "it is like saying that a man in his second childhood must exactly copy his first .", "a baby is bald like an old man ; but it would be an error for one ignorant of infancy to infer that the baby had a long white beard .", "both a baby and an old man walk with difficulty ; but he who shall expect the old gentleman to lie on his back , and kick joyfully instead , will be disappointed .", "it is therefore absurd to argue that the first pioneers of humanity must have been identical with some of the last and most stagnant leavings of it .", "there were almost certainly some things , there were probably many things , in which the two were widely different or flatly contrary .", "an example of the way in which this distinction works , and an example essential to our argument here , is that of the nature and origin of government i have already alluded to mr . h . g . wells and the old man , with whom he appears to be on such intimate terms .", "if we considered the cold facts of prehistoric evidence for this portrait of the prehistoric chief of the tribe , we could only excuse it by saying that its brilliant and versatile author simply forgot for a moment that he was supposed to be writing a history , and dreamed he was writing one of his own very wonderful and imaginative romances .", "at least i cannot imagine how he can possibly know that the prehistoric ruler was called the old man or that court etiquette requires it to be spelt with capital letters .", "he says of the same potentate , ' no one was allowed to touch his spear or to sit in his seat . '", "i have difficulty in believing that anybody has dug up a prehistoric spear with a prehistoric label , ' visitors are requested not to touch , ' or a complete throne with the inscription , ' reserved for the old man . '", "but it may be presumed that the writer , who can hardly be supposed to be merely making up things out of his own head , was merely taking for granted this very dubious parallel between the prehistoric and the decivilised man .", "it may be that in certain savage tribes the chief is called the old man and nobody is allowed to touch his spear or sit on his seat .", "it may be that in those cases he is surrounded with superstitious and traditional terrors ; and it may be that in those cases , for all i know , he is despotic and tyrannical .", "but there is not a grain of evidence that primitive government was despotic and tyrannical .", "it may have been , of course , for it may have been anything or even nothing ; it may not have existed at all .", "but the despotism in certain dingy and decayed tribes in the twentieth century does not prove that the first men were ruled despotically .", "it does not even suggest it ; it does not even begin to hint at it .", "if there is one fact we really can prove , from the history that we really do know , it is that despotism can be a development , often a late development and very often indeed the end of societies that have been highly democratic .", "a despotism may almost be defined as a tired democracy .", "as fatigue falls on a community , the citizens are less inclined for that eternal vigilance which has truly been called the price of liberty ; and they prefer to arm only one single sentinel to watch the city while they sleep .", "it is also true that they sometimes needed him for some sudden and militant act of reform ; it is equally true that he often took advantage of being the strong man armed to be a tyrant like some of the sultans of the east .", "but i cannot see why the sultan should have appeared any earlier in history than many other human figures .", "on the contrary , the strong man armed obviously depends upon the superiority of his armour , and armament of that sort comes with more complex civilisation .", "one man may kill twenty with a machine - gum ; it is obviously less likely that he could do it with a piece of flint .", "as for the current cant about the strongest man ruling by force and fear , it is simply a nursery fairy - tale about a giant with a hundred hands .", "twenty men could hold down the strongest strong man in any society , ancient or modern .", "undoubtedly they might admire , in a romantic and poetical sense , the man who was really the strongest ; but that is quite a different thing , and is as purely moral and even mystical as the admiration for the purest or the wisest .", "but the spirit that endures the mere cruelties and caprices of an established despot is the spirit of an ancient and settled and probably stiffened society , not the spirit of a new one .", "as his name implies , the old man is the ruler of an old humanity .", "it is far more probable that a primitive society was something like a pure democracy .", "to this day the comparatively simple agricultural communities are by far the purest democracies .", "democracy is a thing which is always breaking down through the complexity of civilisation .", "anyone who likes may state it by saying that democracy is the foe of civilisation .", "but he must remember that some of us really prefer democracy to civilisation , in the sense of preferring democracy to complexity .", "anyhow , peasants tilling patches of their own land in a rough equality , and meeting to vote directly under a village tree , are the most truly self - governing of men .", "it is surely as likely as not that such a simple idea was found in the first condition of even simpler men .", "indeed the despotic vision is exaggerated , even if we do not regard the men as men .", "even on an evolutionary assumption of the most materialistic sort , there is really no reason why men should not have had at least as much camaraderie as rats or rooks .", "leadership of some sort they doubtless had , as have the gregarious animals ; but leadership implies no such irrational servility as that attributed to the superstitious subjects of the old man .", "there was doubtless some body corresponding , to use tennyson ' s expression , to the many - wintered crow that leads the clanging rookery home .", "but i fancy that if that venerable fowl began to act after the fashion of some sultans in ancient and decayed asia , it would become a very clanging rookery and the many - wintered crow would not see many more winters .", "it may be remarked , in this connection , but even among animals it would seem that something else is respected more than bestial violence , if it be only the familiarity which in men is called tradition or the experience which in men is called wisdom .", "i do not know if crows really follow the oldest crow , but if they do they are certainly not following the strongest crow .", "and i do know , in the human case , that if some ritual of seniority keeps savages reverencing somebody called old man , then at least they have not our own servile sentimental weakness for worshipping the strong man .", "it may be said then that primitive government , like primitive art and religion and everything else , is very imperfectly known or rather guessed at ; but that it is at least as good a guess to suggest that it was as popular as a balkan or pyrenean village as that it was as capricious and secret as a turkish divan .", "both the mountain democracy and the oriental palace are modern in the sense that they are still there , or are some sort of growth of history ; but of the two the palace has much more the look of being an accumulation and a corruption , the village much more the look of being a really unchanged and primitive thing .", "but my suggestions at this point do not go beyond expressing a wholesome doubt about the current assumption .", "i think it interesting , for instance , that liberal institutions have been traced even by moderns back to barbarians or undeveloped states , when it happened to be convenient for the support of some race or nation or philosophy .", "so the socialists profess that their ideal of communal property existed in very early times .", "so the jews are proud of the jubilees or juster redistributions under their ancient law .", "so the teutonists boasted of tracing parliaments and juries and various popular things among the germanic tribes of the north .", "so the celtophiles and those testifying to the wrongs of ireland have pleaded the more equal justice of the clan system , to which the irish chiefs bore witness before strongbow .", "the strength of the case varies in the different cases ; but as there is some case for all of them , i suspect there is some case for the general proposition that popular institutions of some sort were by no means uncommon in early and simple societies .", "each of these separate schools were making the admission to prove a particular modern thesis ; but taken together they suggest a more ancient and general truth , that there was something more in prehistoric councils than ferocity and fear .", "each of these separate theorists had his own axe to grind , but he was willing to use a stone axe ; and he manages to suggest that the stone axe might have been as republican as the guillotine .", "but the truth is that the curtain rises upon the play already in progress in one sense it is a true paradox that there was history before history .", "but it is not the irrational paradox implied in prehistoric history ; for it is a history we do not know .", "very probably it was exceedingly like the history we do know , except in the one detail that we do not know it .", "it is thus the very opposite of the pretentious prehistoric history , which professes to trace everything in a consistent course from the amoeba to the anthropoid and from the anthropoid to the agnostic .", "so far from being a question of our knowing all about queer creatures very different from ourselves , they were very probably people very like ourselves , except that we know nothing about them .", "in other words , our most ancient records only reach back to a time when humanity had long been human , and even long been civilised .", "the most ancient records we have not only mention but take for granted things like kings and priests and princes and assemblies of the people ; they describe communities that are roughly recognisable as communities in our own sense .", "some of them are despotic ; but we cannot tell that they have always been despotic .", "some of them may be already decadent and nearly all are mentioned as if they were old .", "we do not know what really happened in the world before those records ; but the little we do know would leave us anything but astonished if we learnt that it was very much like what happens in this world now .", "there would be nothing inconsistent or confounding about the discovery that those unknown ages were full of republics collapsing under monarchies and rising again as republics , empires expanding and finding colonies and then losing colonies .", "kingdoms combining again into world states and breaking up again into small nationalities , classes selling themselves into slavery and marching out once more into liberty ; all that procession of humanity which may or may not be a progress but most assuredly a romance .", "but the first chapters of the romance have been torn out of the book ; and we shall never read them .", "it is so also with the more special fancy about evolution and social stability .", "according to the real records available , barbarism and civilisation were not successive states in the progress of the world .", "they were conditions that existed side by side , as they still exist side by side .", "there were civilisations then as there are civilisations now ; there are savages now as there were savages then .", "it is suggested that all men passed through a nomadic stage ; but it is certain that there are some who have never passed out of it , and it seems not unlikely that there were some who never passed into it .", "it is probable that from very primitive times the static tiller of the soil and the wandering shepherd were two distinct types of men ; and the chronological rearrangement of them is but a mark of that mania for progressive stages that has largely falsified history .", "it is suggested that there was a communist stage , in which private property was everywhere unknown , a whole humanity living on the negation of property ; but the evidences of this negation are themselves rather negative .", "redistributions of property , jubilees , and agrarian laws , occur at various intervals and in various forms ; but that humanity inevitably passed through a communist stage seems as doubtful as the parallel proposition that humanity will inevitably return to it .", "it is chiefly interesting as evidence that the boldest plans for the future invoke the authority of the past ; and that even a revolutionary seeks to satisfy himself that he is also a reactionary .", "there is an amusing parallel example in the case of what is called feminism .", "in spite of all the pseudo - scientific gossip about marriage by capture and the cave - man beating the cave - woman with a club , it may be noted that as soon as feminism became a fashionable cry , it was insisted that human civilisation in its first stage had been a matriarchy .", "apparently it was the cave - woman who carried the club .", "anyhow all these ideas are little better than guesses ; they have a curious way of following the fortune of modern theories and fads .", "in any case they are not history in the sense of record ; and we may repeat that when it comes to record , the broad truth is that barbarism and civilisation have always dwelt side by side in the world , the civilisation sometimes spreading to absorb the barbarians , sometimes decaying into relative barbarism , and in almost all cases possessing in a more finished form certain ideas and institutions which the barbarians possess in a ruder form ; such as government or social authority , the arts and especially the decorative arts , mysteries and taboos of various kinds especially surrounding the matter of sex , and some form of that fundamental thing which is the chief concern of this enquiry ; the thing that we call religion .", "now egypt and babylon , those two primeval monsters , might in this matter have been specially provided as models .", "they might almost be called working models to show how these modern theories do not work .", "the two great truths we know about these two great cultures happen to contradict flatly the two current fallacies which have just been considered .", "the story of egypt might have been invented to point the moral that man does not necessarily begin with despotism because he is barbarous , but very often finds his way to despotism because he is civilised .", "he finds it because he is experienced ; or , what is often much the same thing , because he is exhausted and the story of babylon might have been invented to point the moral that man need not be a nomad or a communist before he becomes a peasant or a citizen , and that such cultures are not always in successive stages but often in contemporary states .", "even touching these great civilisations with which our written history begins there is a temptation of course to be too ingenious or too cocksure .", "we can read the bricks of babylon in a very different sense from that in which we guess about the cup and ring stones ; and we do definitely know what is meant by the animals in the egyptian hieroglyphic as we know nothing of the animal in the neolithic cave .", "but even here the admirable archeologists who have deciphered line after line of miles of hieroglyphics may be tempted to read too much between the lines ; even the real authority on babylon may forget how fragmentary is his hard - won knowledge ; may forget that babylon has only heaved half a brick at him , though half a brick is better than no cuneiform .", "but some truths , historic and not prehistoric , dogmatic and not evolutionary , facts and not fancies , do indeed emerge from egypt and babylon ; and these two truths are among them .", "egypt is a green ribbon along the river edging the dark red desolation of the desert .", "it is a proverb , and one of vast antiquity , that it is created by the mysterious bounty and almost sinister benevolence of the nile .", "when we first hear of egyptians they are living as in a string of river - side villages , in small and separate but co - operative communities along the bank of the nile .", "where the river branched into the broad delta there was traditionally the beginning of a somewhat different district or people ; but this need not complicate the main truth .", "these more or less independent though interdependent peoples were considerably civilised already .", "they had a sort of heraldry ; that is , decorative art used for symbolic and social purposes ; each sailing the nile under its own ensign representing some bird or animal .", "heraldry involves two things of enormous importance to normal humanity ; the combination of the two making that noble thing called co - operation ; on which rest all peasantries and peoples that are free .", "the art of heraldry means independence ; an image chosen by the imagination to express the individuality .", "the science of heraldry means interdependence ; an agreement between different bodies to recognise different images ; a science of imagery .", "we have here therefore exactly that compromise of co - operation between free families or groups which is the most normal mode of life for humanity and is particularly apparent wherever men own their own land and live on it .", "with the very mention of the image of bird and beast the student of mythology will murmur the word ' totem ' almost in his sleep .", "but to my mind much of the trouble arises from his habit of saying such words as if in his sleep .", "throughout this rough outline i have made a necessarily inadequate attempt to keep on the inside rather than the outside of such things ; to consider them where possible in terms of thought and not merely in terms of terminology .", "there is very little value in talking about totems unless we have some feeling of what it really felt like to have a totem .", "granted that they had totems and we have no totems ; was it because they had more fear of animals or more familiarity with animals ?", "did a man whose totem was a wolf feel like a were - wolf or like a man running away from a were - wolf ?", "did he feel like uncle remus about brer wolf or like st . francis about his brother the wolf , or like mowgli about his brothers the wolves ?", "was a totem a thing like the british lion or a thing like the british bull - dog ?", "was the worship of a totem like the feeling of niggers about mumbo jumbo , or of children about jumbo ?", "i have never read any book of folk - lore , however learned , that gave me any light upon this question , which i think by far the most important one .", "i will confine myself to repeating that the earliest egyptian communities had a common understanding about the images that stood for their individual states ; and that this amount of communication is prehistoric in the sense that it is already there at the beginning of history .", "but as history unfolds itself , this question of communication is clearly the main question of these riverside communities .", "with the need of communication comes the need of a common government and the growing greatness and spreading shadow of the king .", "the other binding force besides the king , and perhaps older than the king , is the priesthood ; and the priesthood has presumably even more to do with these ritual symbols and signals by which men can communicate .", "and here in egypt arose probably the primary and certainly the typical invention to which we owe all history , and the whole difference between the historic and the prehistoric : the archetypal script , the art of writing .", "the popular pictures of these primeval empires are not half so popular as they might be .", "there is shed over them the shadow of an exaggerated gloom , more than the normal and even healthy sadness of heathen men .", "it is part of the same sort of secret pessimism that loves to make primitive man a crawling creature , whose body is filth and whose soul is fear .", "it comes of course from the fact that men are moved most by their religion ; especially when it is irreligion .", "for them anything primary and elemental must be evil .", "but it is the curious consequence that while we have been deluged with the wildest experiments in primitive romance , they have all missed the real romance of being primitive .", "they have described scenes that are wholly imaginary , in which the men of the stone age are men of stone like walking statues ; in which the assyrians or egyptians are as stiff or as painted as their own most archaic art .", "but none of these makers of imaginary scenes have tried to imagine what it must really have been like to see those things as fresh which we see as familiar .", "they have not seen a man discovering fire like a child discovering fireworks .", "they have not seen a man playing with the wonderful invention called the wheel , like a boy playing at putting up a wireless station .", "they have never put the spirit of youth into their descriptions of the youth of the world .", "it follows that amid all their primitive or prehistoric fancies there are no jokes .", "there are not even practical jokes , in connection with the practical inventions .", "and this is very sharply defined in the particular case of hieroglyphics ; for there seems to be serious indication that the whole high human art of scripture or writing began with a joke .", "there are some who will learn with regret that it seems to have begun with a pun .", "the king or the priests or some responsible persons , wishing to send a message up the river in that inconveniently long and narrow territory , hit on the idea of sending it in picture writing , like that of the red indian .", "like most people who have written picture - writing for fun , he found the words did not always fit .", "but when the word for taxes sounded rather like the word for pig , he boldly put down a pig as a bad pun and chanced it .", "so a modern hieroglyphist might represent ' at once ' by unscrupulously drawing a hat followed by a series of upright numerals .", "it was good enough for the pharaohs and ought to be good enough for him .", "but it must have been great fun to write or even to read these messages , when writing and reading were really a new thing .", "and if people must write romances about ancient egypt ( and it seems that neither prayers nor tears nor curses can withhold them from the habit ) , i suggest that scenes like this would really remind us that the ancient egyptians were human beings .", "i suggest that somebody should describe the scene of the great monarch sitting among his priests , and all of them roaring with laughter and bubbling over with suggestions as the royal puns grew more and more wild and indefensible .", "there might be another scene of almost equal excitement about the decoding of this cipher ; the guesses and clues and discoveries having all the popular thrill of a detective story .", "that is how primitive romance and primitive history really ought to be written .", "for whatever was the quality of the religious or moral life of remote times , and it was probably much more human than is conventionally supposed , the scientific interest of such a time must have been intense .", "words must have been more wonderful than wireless telegraphy ; and experiments with common things a series of electric shocks .", "we are still waiting for somebody to write a lively story of primitive life .", "the point is in some sense a parenthesis here ; but it is connected with the general matter of political development , by the institution which was most active in these first and most fascinating of all the fairy - tales of science .", "it is admitted that we owe most of this science to the priests .", "modern writers like mr . wells cannot be accused of any weakness of sympathy with a pontifical hierarchy ; but they agree at least in recognising what pagan priesthoods did for the arts and sciences .", "among the more ignorant of the enlightened there was indeed a convention of saying that priests had obstructed progress in all ages ; and a politician once told me in a debate that i was resisting modern reforms exactly as some ancient priest probably resisted the discovery of wheels .", "i pointed out , in reply , that it was far more likely that the ancient priest made the discovery of the wheels .", "it is overwhelmingly probable that the ancient priest had a great deal to do with the discovery of the art of writing .", "it is obvious enough in the fact that the very word hieroglyphic is akin to the word hierarchy .", "the religion of these priests was apparently a more or less tangled polytheism of a type that is more particularly described elsewhere .", "it passed through a period when it cooperated with the king , another period when it was temporarily destroyed by the king , who happened to be a prince with a private theism of his own , and a third period when it practically destroyed the king and ruled in his stead .", "but the world has to thank it for many things which it considers common and necessary : and the creators of those common things ought really to have a place among the heroes of humanity .", "if we were at rest in a real paganism , instead of being restless in a rather irrational reaction from christianity , we might pay some sort of pagan honour to these nameless makers of mankind .", "we might have veiled statues of the man who first found fire or the man who first made a boat or the man who first tamed a horse .", "and if we brought them garlands or sacrifices , there would be more sense in it than in disfiguring our cities with cockney statues of stale politicians and philanthropists .", "but one of the strange marks of the strength of christianity is that , since it came , no pagan in our civilisation has been able to be really human .", "the point is here , however , that the egyptian government , whether pontifical or royal , found it more and more necessary to establish communication ; and there always went with communication a certain element of coercion .", "it is not necessarily an indefensible thing that the state grew more despotic as it grew more civilised ; it is arguable that it had to grow more despotic in order to grow more civilised .", "that is the argument for autocracy in every age ; and the interest lies in seeing it illustrated in the earliest age .", "but it is emphatically not true that it was most despotic in the earliest age and grew more liberal in a later age ; the practical process of history is exactly the reverse .", "it is not true that the tribe began in the extreme of terror of the old man and his seat and spear ; it is probable , at least in egypt , that the old man was rather a new man armed to attack new conditions .", "his spear grew longer and longer and his throne rose higher and higher , as egypt rose into a complex and complete civilisation .", "that is what i mean by saying that the history of the egyptian territory is in this the history of the earth ; and directly denies the vulgar assumption that terrorism can only come at the beginning and cannot come at the end .", "we do not know what was the very first condition of the more or less feudal amalgam of land owners , peasants and slaves in the little commonwealths beside the nile ; but it may have been a peasantry of an even more popular sort .", "what we do know is that it was by experience and education that little commonwealths lose their liberty ; that absolute sovereignty is something not merely ancient but rather relatively modern ; and it is at the end of the path called progress that men return to the king .", "egypt exhibits , in that brief record of its remotest beginnings , the primary problem of liberty and civilisation .", "it is the fact that men actually lose variety by complexity .", "we have not solved the problem properly any more than they did ; but it vulgarises the human dignity of the problem itself to suggest that even tyranny has no motive save in tribal terror .", "and just as the egyptian example refutes the fallacy about despotism and civilisation , so does the babylonian example refute the fallacy about civilisation and barbarism .", "babylon also we first hear of when it is already civilised ; for the simple reason that we cannot hear of anything until it is educated enough to talk .", "it talks to us in what is called cuneiform ; that strange and stiff triangular symbolism that contrasts with the picturesque alphabet of egypt .", "however relatively rigid egyptian art may be , there is always something different from the babylonian spirit which was too rigid to have any art .", "there is always a living grace in the lines of the lotus and something of rapidity as well as rigidity in the movement of the arrows and the birds .", "perhaps there is something of the restrained but living curve of the river , which makes us in talking of the serpent of old nile almost think of the nile as a serpent .", "babylon was a civilisation of diagrams rather than of drawings .", "mr . w . b . yeats who has a historical imagination to match his mythological imagination ( and indeed the former is impossible without the latter ) wrote truly of the men who watched the stars ' from their pedantic babylon . '", "the cuneiform was cut upon bricks , of which all their architecture was built up ; the bricks were of baked mud and perhaps the material had something in it forbidding the sense of form to develop in sculpture or relief .", "theirs was a static but a scientific civilisation , far advanced in the machinery of life and in some ways highly modern .", "it is said that they had much of the modern cult of the higher spinsterhood and recognised an official class of independent working women .", "there is perhaps something in that mighty stronghold of hardened mud that suggests the utilitarian activity of a huge hive .", "but though it was huge it was human ; we see many of the same social problems as in ancient egypt or modern england ; and whatever its evils this also was one of the earliest masterpieces of man .", "it stood , of course , in the triangle formed by the almost legendary rivers of tigris and euphrates , and the vast agriculture of its empire , on which its towns depended , was perfected by a highly scientific system of canals .", "it had by tradition a high intellectual life , though rather philosophic than artistic ; and there preside over its primal foundation those figures who have come to stand for the star - gazing wisdom of antiquity ; the teachers of abraham ; the chaldees .", "against this solid society , as against some vast bare wall of brick , there surged age after age the nameless armies of the nomads .", "they came out of the deserts where the nomadic life had been lived from the beginning and where it is still lived to - day .", "it is needless to dwell on the nature of that life ; it was obvious enough and even easy enough to follow a herd or a flock which generally found its own grazing - ground and to live on the milk or meat it provided .", "nor is there any reason to doubt that this habit of life could give almost every human thing except a home .", "many such shepherds or herds men may have talked in the earliest time of all the truths and enigmas of the book of job ; and of these were abraham and his children , who have given to the modern world for an endless enigma the almost mono - maniac monotheism of the jews .", "but they were a wild people without comprehension of complex social organisation ; and a spirit like the wind within them made them wage war on it again and again .", "the history of babylonia is largely the history of its defence against the desert hordes ; who came on at intervals of a century or two and generally retreated as they came .", "some say that an admixture of nomad invasion built at nineveh the arrogant kingdom of the assyrians , who carved great monsters upon their temples , bearded bulls with wings like cherubim , and who sent forth many military conquerors who stamped the world as if with such colossal hooves .", "assyria was an imperial interlude ; but it was an interlude .", "the main story of all that land is the war between the wandering peoples and the state that was truly static .", "presumably in prehistoric times , and certainly in historic times , those wanderers went westward to waste whatever they could find .", "the last time they came they found babylon vanished ; but that was in historic times and the name of their leader was mahomet .", "now it is worth while to pause upon that story because , as has been suggested , it directly contradicts the impression still current that nomadism is merely a prehistoric thing and social settlement a comparatively recent thing .", "there is nothing to show that the babylonians had ever wandered ; there is very little to show that the tribes of the desert ever settled down .", "indeed it is probable that this notion of a nomadic stage followed by a static stage has already been abandoned by the sincere and genuine scholars to whose researches we all owe so much .", "but i am not at issue in this book with sincere and genuine scholars , but with a vast and vague public opinion which has been prematurely spread from certain imperfect investigations , and which has made fashionable a false notion of the whole history of humanity .", "it is the whole vague notion that a monkey evolved into a man and in the same way a barbarian evolved into a civilised man and therefore at every stage we have to look back to barbarism and forward to civilisation .", "unfortunately this notion is in a double sense entirely in the air .", "it is an atmosphere in which men live rather than a thesis which they defend .", "men in that mood are more easily answered by objects than by theories ; and it will be well if anyone tempted to make that assumption , in some trivial turn of talk or writing , can be checked for a moment by shutting his eyes and seeing for an instant , vast and vaguely crowded , like a populous precipice , the wonder of the babylonian wall .", "one fact does certainly fall across us like its shadow .", "our glimpses of both these early empires show that the first domestic relation had been complicated by something which was less human , but was often regarded as equally domestic .", "the dark giant called slavery had been called up like a genii and was labouring on gigantic works of brick and stone .", "here again we must not too easily assume that what was backward was barbaric ; in the matter of manumission the earlier servitude seems in some ways more liberal than the later ; perhaps more liberal than the servitude of the future .", "to insure food for humanity by forcing part of it to work was after all a very human expedient ; which is why it will probably be tried again .", "but in one sense there is a significance in the old slavery .", "it stands for one fundamental fact about all antiquity before christ ; something to be assumed from first to last .", "it is the insignificance of the individual before the state .", "it was as true of the most democratic city state in hellas as of any despotism in babylon .", "it is one of the signs of this spirit that a whole class of individuals could be insignificant or even invisible .", "it must be normal because it was needed for what would now be called ' social service . '", "somebody said , ' the man is nothing and the work is all , ' meaning it for a breezy carlylean commonplace .", "it was the sinister motto of the heathen servile state .", "in that sense there is truth in the traditional vision of vast pillars and pyramids going up under those everlasting skies for ever by the labour of numberless and nameless men , toiling like ants and dying like flies , wiped out by the work of their own hands .", "but there are two other reasons for beginning with the two fixed points of egypt and babylon .", "for one thing they are fixed in tradition as the types of antiquity ; and history without tradition is dead .", "babylon is still the burden of a nursery rhyme , and egypt ( with its enormous population of princesses awaiting reincarnation ) is still the topic of an unnecessary number of novels .", "but a tradition is generally a truth ; so long as the tradition is sufficiently popular ; even if it is almost vulgar .", "and there is a significance in this babylonian and egyptian element in nursery rhymes and novels ; even the news papers , normally so much behind the times , have already got as far as the reign of tutankhamen .", "the first reason is full of the common sense of popular legend ; it is the simple fact that we do know more of these traditional things than of other contemporary things ; and that we always did .", "all travellers from herodotus to lord carnarvon follow this route .", "scientific speculations of to - day do indeed spread out a map of the whole primitive world , with streams of racial emigration or admixture marked in dotted lines everywhere ; over spaces which the unscientific medieval map - maker would have been content to call ' terra incognita , ' if he did not fill the inviting blank with a picture of a dragon , to indicate the probable reception given to pilgrims .", "but these speculations are only speculations at the best ; and at the worst the dotted lines can be far more fabulous than the dragon .", "there is unfortunately one fallacy here into which it is very easy for men to fall , even those who are most intelligent and perhaps especially those who are most imaginative .", "it is the fallacy of suppositing that because an idea is greater in the sense of larger , therefore it is greater in the sense of more fundamental and fixed and certain .", "if a man lives alone in a straw hut in the middle of thibet , he may be told that he is living in the chinese empire ; and the chinese empire is certainly a splendid and spacious and impressive thing .", "or alternatively he may be told that he is living in the british empire , and be duly impressed .", "but the curious thing is that in certain mental states he can feel much more certain about the chinese empire that he can not see than about the straw hut that he can see .", "he has some strange magical juggle in his mind , by which his argument begins with the empire though his experience begins with the hut .", "sometimes he goes mad and appears to be proving that a straw hut cannot exist in the domains of the dragon throne ; that it is impossible for such a civilisation as he enjoys to contain such a hovel as he inhabits .", "but his insanity arises from the intellectual slip of supposing that because china is a large and all - embracing hypothesis , therefore it is something more than a hypothesis .", "now modern people are perpetually arguing in this way ; and they extend it to things much less real and certain than the chinese empire .", "they seem to forget , for instance , that a man is not even certain of the solar system as he is certain of the south downs .", "the solar system is a deduction , and doubtless a true deduction ; but the point is that it is a very vast and far - reaching deduction and therefore he forgets that it is a deduction at all and treats it as a first principle .", "he might discover that the whole calculation is a mis - calculation ; and the sun and stars and street - lamps would look exactly the same .", "but he has forgotten that it is a calculation , and is almost ready to contradict the sun if it does not fit into the solar system .", "if this is a fallacy even in the case of facts pretty well ascertained , such as the solar system and the chinese empire , it is an even more devastating fallacy in connection with theories and other things that are not really ascertained at all .", "thus history , especially prehistoric history , has a horrible habit of beginning with certain generalisations about races .", "i will not describe the disorder and misery this inversion has produced in modern politics .", "because the race is vaguely supposed to have produced the nation , men talk as if the nation were something vaguer than the race .", "because they have themselves invented a reason to explain a result , they almost deny the result in order to justify the reason .", "they first treat a celt as an axiom and then treat an irishman as an inference .", "and then they are surprised that a great fighting , roaring irishman is angry at being treated as an inference .", "they cannot see that the irish are irish whether or no they are celtic , whether or no there ever were any celts .", "and what misleads them once more is the size of the theory ; the sense that the fancy is bigger than the fact .", "a great scattered celtic race is supposed to contain the irish , so of course the irish must depend for their very existence upon it .", "the same confusion , of course , has eliminated the english and the germans by swamping them in the teutonic race ; and some tried to prove from the races being at one that the nations could not be at war .", "but i only give these vulgar and hackneyed examples in passing , as more familiar examples of the fallacy ; the matter at issue here is not its application to these modern things but rather to the most ancient things .", "but the more remote and unrecorded was the racial problem , the more fixed was this curious inverted certainty in the victorian man of science .", "to this day it gives a man of those scientific traditions the same sort of shock to question these things , which were only the last inferences when he turned them into first principles .", "he is still more certain that he is an aryan even than that he is an anglo - saxon , just as he is more certain that he is an anglo - saxon than that he is an englishman .", "he has never really discovered that he is a european .", "but he has never doubted that he is an indo - european .", "these victorian theories have shifted a great deal in their shape and scope ; but this habit of a rapid hardening of a hypothesis into a theory , and of a theory into an assumption , has hardly yet gone out of fashion .", "people cannot easily get rid of the mental confusion of feeling that the foundations of history must surely be secure ; that the first steps must be safe ; that the biggest generalisation must be obvious .", "but though the contradiction may seem to them a paradox , this is the very contrary of the truth .", "it is the large thing that is secret and invisible ; it is the small thing that is evident and enormous .", "every race on the face of the earth has been the subject of these speculations , and it is impossible even to suggest an outline of the subject .", "but if we take the european race alone , its history , or rather its prehistory , has undergone many retrospective revolutions in the short period of my own lifetime .", "it used to be called the caucasian race ; and i read in childhood an account of its collision with the mongolian race ; it was written by bret harte and opened with the query ' or is the caucasian played out ? '", "apparently the caucasian was played out , for in a very short time he had been turned into the indo - european man ; sometimes , i regret to say , proudly presented as the indo - germanic man .", "it seems that the hindu and the german have similar words for mother or father ; there were other similarities between sanskrit and various western tongues ; and with that all superficial differences between a hindu and a german seemed suddenly to disappear .", "generally this composite person was more conveniently described as the aryan , and the really important point was that he had marched westward out of those high lands of india where fragments of his language could still be found .", "when i read this as a child , i had the fancy that after all the aryan need not have marched westward and left his language behind him ; he might also have marched eastward and taken his language with him .", "if i were to read it now , i should content myself with confessing my ignorance of the whole matter .", "but as a matter of fact i have great difficulty in reading it now , because it is not being written now .", "it looks as if the aryan is also played out .", "anyhow he has not merely changed his name but changed his address ; his starting - place and his route of travel .", "one new theory maintains that our race did not come to its present home from the east but from the south .", "some say the europeans did not come from asia but from africa .", "some have even had the wild idea that the europeans came from europe ; or rather that they never left it .", "then there is a certain amount of evidence of a more or less prehistoric pressure from the north , such as that which seems to have brought the greeks to inherit the cretan culture and so often brought the gauls over the hills into the fields in italy .", "but i merely mention this example of european ethnology to point out that the learned have pretty well boxed the compass by this time ; and that i , who am not one of the learned , cannot pretend for a moment to decide where such doctors disagree .", "but i can use my own common sense , and i sometimes fancy that theirs is a little rusty from want of use .", "the first act of common sense is to recognise the difference between a cloud and a mountain .", "and i will affirm that nobody knows any of these things , in the sense that we all know of the existence of the pyramids of egypt .", "the truth , it may be repeated , is that what we really see , as distinct from what we may reasonably guess , in this earliest phase of history is darkness covering the earth and great darkness the peoples , with a light or two gleaming here and there on chance patches of humanity ; and that two of these flames do burn upon two of these tall primeval towns ; upon the high terraces of babylon and the huge pyramids of the nile .", "there are indeed other ancient lights , or lights that may be conjectured to be very ancient , in very remote parts of that vast wilderness of night .", "far away to the east there is a high civilisation of vast antiquity in china ; there are the remains of civilisations in mexico and south america and other places , some of them apparently so high in civilisation as to have reached the most refined forms of devil - worship .", "but the difference lies in the element of tradition ; the tradition of these lost cultures has been broken off , and though the tradition of china still lives , it is doubtful whether we know anything about it .", "moreover , a man trying to measure the chinese antiquity has to use chinese traditions of measurement ; and he has a strange sensation of having passed into another world under other laws of time and space .", "time is telescoped outwards and centuries assume the slow and stiff movement of aeons ; the white man trying to see it as the yellow man sees , feels as if his head were turning round and wonders wildly whether it is growing a pigtail .", "any how he cannot take in a scientific sense that queer perspective that leads up to the primeval pagoda of the first of the sons of heaven .", "he is the real antipodes ; the only true alternative world to christendom ; and he is after a fashion walking upside down .", "i have spoken of the medieval map - maker and his dragon ; but what medieval traveller , however much interested in monsters , would expect to find a country where a dragon is a benevolent and amiable being ?", "of the more serious side of chinese tradition something will be said in another connection ; but i am only talking of tradition and the test of antiquity .", "and i only mention china as an antiquity that is not for us reached by a bridge of tradition ; and babylon and egypt as antiquities that are .", "herodotus is a human being , in a sense in which a chinaman in a billy - cock hat , sitting opposite to us in a london tea shop , is hardly human .", "we feel as if we knew what david and isaiah felt like , in a way in which we never were quite certain what li hung chang felt like .", "the very sins that snatched away helen or bathsheba have passed into a proverb of private human weakness , of pathos and even of pardon .", "the very virtues of the chinaman have about them something terrifying .", "this is the difference made by the destruction or preservation of a continuous historical inheritance ; as from ancient egypt to modern europe .", "but when we ask what was that world that we inherit , and why those particular people and places seem to belong to it , we are led to the central fact of civilised history .", "that centre was the mediterranean ; which was not so much a piece of water as a world .", "but it was a world with something of the character of such a water ; for it became more and more a place of unification in which the streams of strange and very diverse cultures met .", "the nile and the tiber alike flow into the mediterranean ; so did the egyptian and the etrurian alike contribute to a mediterranean civilisation .", "the glamour of the great sea spread indeed very far in land and the unity was felt among the arabs alone in the deserts and the gauls beyond the northern hills .", "but the gradual building up of a common culture running round all the coasts of this inner sea is the main business of antiquity .", "as will be seen , it was sometimes a bad business as well as a good business .", "in that orbis terrarum or circle of lands there were the extremes of evil and of piety , there were contrasted races and still more contrasted religions .", "it was the scene of an endless struggle between asia and europe from the night of the persian ships at salamis to the flight of the turkish ships at lepanto .", "it was the scene , as will be more especially suggested later , of a supreme spiritual struggle between the two types of paganism , confronting each other in the latin and the phoenician cities ; in the roman forum and the punic mart .", "it was the world of war and peace , the world of good and evil , the world of all that matters most , with all respect to the aztecs and the mongols of the far east , they did not matter as the mediterranean tradition mattered and still matters .", "between it and the far east there were , of course , interesting cults and conquests of various kinds , more or less in touch with it , and in proportion as they were so intelligible also to us .", "the persians came riding in to make an end of babylon ; and we are told in a greek story how these barbarians learned to draw the bow and tell the truth .", "alexander the great greek marched with his macedonians into the sunrise and brought back strange birds coloured like the sunrise clouds and strange flowers and jewels from the gardens and treasuries of nameless kings .", "islam went eastward into that world and made it partly imaginable to us ; precisely because islam itself was born in that circle of lands that fringed our own ancient and ancestral sea .", "in the middle ages the empire of the moguls increased its majesty without losing its mystery ; the tartars conquered china and the chinese apparently took very little notice of them .", "all these things are interesting in themselves ; but it is impossible to shift the centre of gravity to the inland spaces of asia from the in ] and sea of europe .", "when all is said , if there were nothing in the world but what was said and done and written and built in the lands lying round the mediterranean , it would still be in all the most vital and valuable things the world in which we live .", "when that southern culture spread to the north - west it produced many very wonderful things ; of which doubtless we ourselves are the most wonderful .", "when it spread thence to colonies and new countries , it was still the same culture so long as it was culture at all .", "but round that little sea like a lake were the things themselves , apart from all extensions and echoes and commentaries on the things , the republic and the church ; the bible and the heroic epics ; islam and israel and the memories of the lost empires , aristotle and the measure of all things .", "it is because the first light upon this world is really light , the daylight in which we are still walking to - day , and not merely the doubtful visitation of strange stars , that i have begun here with noting where that light first falls on the towered cities of the eastern mediterranean .", "but though babylon and egypt have thus a sort of first claim , in the very fact of being familiar and traditional , fascinating riddles to us but also fascinating riddles to our fathers , we must not imagine that they were the only old civilisations on the southern sea ; or that all the civilisation was merely sumerian or semitic or coptic , still less merely asiatic or african .", "real research is more and more exalting the ancient civilisation of europe and especially of what we may still vaguely call the greeks .", "it must be understood in the sense that there were greeks before the greeks , as in so many of their mythologies there were gods before the gods .", "the island of crete was the centre of the civilisation now called minoan , after the minos who lingered in ancient legend and whose labyrinth was actually discovered by modern archeology .", "this elaborate european society , with its harbours and its drainage and its domestic machinery , seems to have gone down before some invasion of its northern neighbours , who made or inherited the hellas we know in history .", "but that earlier period did not pass till it had given to the world gifts so great that the world has ever since been striving in vain to repay them , if only by plagiarism .", "but in this one great human revelation of antiquity there is another element of great historical importance ; which has hardly i think been given its proper place in history .", "the poet has so conceived the poem that his sympathies apparently , and those of his reader certainly , are on the side of the vanquished rather than of the victor .", "and this is a sentiment which increases in the poetical tradition even as the poetical origin itself recedes .", "achilles had some status as a sort of demigod in pagan times ; but he disappears altogether in late times .", "but hector grows greater as the ages pass , and it is his name that is the name of a knight of the round table and his sword that legend puts into the hand of roland , laying about him with the weapon of the defeated hector in the last ruin and splendour of his own defeat .", "the name anticipates all the defeats through which our race and religion were to pass ; that survival of a hundred defeats that is its triumph .", "the tale of the end of troy shall have no ending , for it is lifted up forever into living echoes , immortal as our hopelessness and our hope .", "troy standing was a small thing that may have stood nameless for ages .", "but troy falling has been caught up in a flame and suspended in an immortal instant of annihilation ; and because it was destroyed with fire the fire shall never be destroyed .", "and as with the city so with the hero ; traced in archaic lines in that primeval twilight is found the first figure of the knight .", "there is a prophetic coincidence in his title ; we have spoken of the word chivalry and how it seems to mingle the horseman with the horse .", "it is almost anticipated ages before in the thunder of the homeric hexameter , and that long leaping word with which the iliad ends .", "it is that very unity for which we can find no name but the holy centaur of chivalry .", "but there are other reasons for giving in this glimpse of antiquity the name upon the sacred town .", "the sanctity of such towns ran like a fire round the coasts and islands of the northern mediterranean , the high - fenced hamlet for which heroes died .", "from the smallness of the city came the greatness of the citizen .", "hellas with her hundred statues produced nothing statelier than that walking statue ; the ideal of the self - commanding man .", "hellas of the hundred statues was one legend and literature ; and all that labyrinth of little walled nations resounding with the lament of troy .", "a later legend , an afterthought but not an accident , said that stragglers from troy founded a republic on the italian shore .", "it was true in spirit that republican virtue had such a root .", "a mystery of honour , that was not born of babylon or the egyptian pride , there shone like the shield of hector , defying asia and africa ; till the light of a new day was loosened , with the rushing of the eagles and the coming of the name ; the name that came like a thunderclap when the world woke to rome .", "that is what we call a powerful understatement .", "the modern world is madder than any satires on it ; long ago mr . belloc made his burlesque don say that a bust of ariadne had been proved by modern research to be a silenus .", "but that is not better than the real appearance of minerva as the bearded woman of mr . barnum .", "only both of them are very like many identifications by ' the best authorities ' on comparative religion ; and when catholic creeds are identified with various wild myths , i do not laugh or curse or misbehave myself ; i confine myself decorously to saying that the identification is not complete .", "the human unity with which i deal here is not to be confounded with this modern industrial monotony and herding , which is rather a congestion than a communion .", "it is a thing to which human groups left to themselves , and even human individuals left to themselves , have everywhere tended by an instinct that may truly be called human .", "like all healthy human things , it has varied very much within the limits of a general character ; for that is characteristic of everything belonging to that ancient land of liberty that lies before and around the servile industrial town .", "industrialism actually boasts that its products are all of one pattern ; that men in jamaica or japan can break the same seal and drink the same bad whiskey , that a man at the north pole and another at the south might recognise the same optimistic label on the same dubious tinned salmon .", "but wine , the gift of gods to men , can vary with every valley and every vineyard , can turn into a hundred wines without any wine once reminding us of whiskey ; and cheeses can change from county to county without forgetting the difference between chalk and cheese .", "when i am speaking of this thing , therefore , i am speaking of something that doubtless includes very wide differences ; nevertheless i will here maintain that it is one thing .", "i will maintain that most of the modern botheration comes from not realising that it is really one thing .", "i will advance the thesis that before all talk about comparative religion and the separate religious founders of the world , the first essential is to recognise this thing as a whole , as a thing almost native and normal to the great fellowship that we call mankind .", "this thing is paganism , and i propose to show in these pages that it is the one real rival to the church of christ .", "comparative religion is very comparative indeed .", "that is , it is so much a matter of degree and distance and difference that it is only comparatively successful when it tries to compare .", "when we come to look at it closely we find it comparing things that are really quite incomparable .", "we are accustomed to see a table or catalogue of the world ' s great religions in parallel columns , until we fancy they are really parallel .", "we are accustomed to see the names of the great religious founders all in a row : christ ; mahomet ; buddha ; confucius .", "but in truth this is only a trick , another of these optical illusions by which any objects may be put into a particular relation by shifting to a particular point of sight .", "those religions and religious founders , or rather those whom we choose to lump together as religions and religious founders , do not really show any common character .", "the illusion is partly produced by islam coming immediately after christianity in the list ; as islam did come after christianity and was largely an imitation of christianity .", "but the other eastern religions , or what we call religions , not only do not resemble the church but do not resemble each other .", "when we come to confucianism at the end of the list , we come to something in a totally different world of thought .", "to compare the christian and confucian religions is like comparing a theist with an english squire or asking whether a man is a believer in immortality or a hundred - per - cent american .", "confucianism may be a civilisation but it is not a religion .", "in truth the church is too unique to prove herself unique .", "for most popular and easy proof is by parallel ; and here there is no parallel .", "it is not easy , therefore , to expose the fallacy by which a false classification is created to swamp a unique thing , when it really is a unique thing .", "as there is nowhere else exactly the same fact , so there is nowhere else exactly the same fallacy .", "but i will take the nearest thing i can find to such a solitary social phenomenon , in order to show how it is thus swamped and assimilated .", "i imagine most of us would agree that there is something unusual and unique about the position of the jews .", "there is nothing that is quite in the same sense an international nation ; an ancient culture scattered in different countries but still distinct and indestructible .", "now this business is like an attempt to make a list of nomadic nations in order to soften the strange solitude of the jew .", "it would be easy enough to do it , by the same process of putting a plausible approximation first , and then tailing off into totally different things thrown in somehow to make up the list .", "thus in the new list of nomadic nations the jews would be followed by the gypsies ; who at least are really nomadic if they are not really national .", "then the professor of the new science of comparative nomadics could pass easily on to something different ; even if it was very different .", "he could remark on the wandering adventure of the english who had scattered their colonies over so many seas ; and call them nomads .", "it is quite true that a great many englishmen seem to be strangely restless in england .", "it is quite true that not all of them have left their country for their country ' s good .", "the moment we mention the wandering empire of the english , we must add the strange exiled empire of the irish .", "for it is a curious fact , to be noted in our imperial literature , that the same ubiquity and unrest which is a proof of english enterprise and triumph is a proof of irish futility and failure .", "then the professor of nomadism would look round thoughtfully and remember that there was great talk recently of german waiters , german barbers , german clerks , germans naturalising themselves in england and the united states and the south american republics .", "the germans would go down as the fifth nomadic race ; the words wanderlust and folk - wandering would come in very useful here .", "for there really have been historians who explained the crusades by suggesting that the germans were found wandering ( as the police say ) in what happened to be the neighbourhood of palestine .", "then the professor , feeling he was now near the end , would make a last leap in desperation .", "he would recall the fact that the french army has captured nearly every capital in europe , that it marched across countless conquered lands under charlemagne or napoleon ; and that would be wanderlust and that would be the note of a nomadic race .", "thus he would have his six nomadic nations all compact and complete , and would feel that the jew was no longer a sort of mysterious and even mystical exception .", "but people with more common sense would probably realise that he had only extended nomadism by extending the meaning of nomadism , and that he had extended that until it really had no meaning at all .", "it is quite true that the french soldier has made some of the finest marches in all military history .", "but it is equally true , and far more self - evident , that if the french peasant is not a rooted reality there is no such thing as a rooted reality in the world ; or in other words , if he is a nomad there is nobody who is not a nomad .", "now that is the sort of trick that has been tried in the case of comparative religion and the world ' s religious founders all standing respectably in a row .", "it seeks to classify jesus as the other would classify jews , by inventing a new class for the purpose and filling up the rest of it with stop - gaps and second - rate copies .", "i do not mean that these other things are not often great things in their own real character and class .", "confucianism and buddhism are great things , but it is not true to call them churches ; just as the french and english are great peoples , but it is nonsense to call them nomads .", "there are some points of resemblance between christendom and its imitation in islam ; for that matter there are some points of resemblance between jews and gypsies .", "but after that the lists are made up of anything that comes to hand ; of anything that can be put in the same catalogue without being in the same category .", "what are here called the gods might almost alternatively be called the day - dreams .", "to compare them to dreams is not to deny that dreams can come true .", "to compare them to travellers ' tales is not to deny that they may be true tales , or at least truthful tales .", "in truth they are the sort of tales the traveller tells to himself .", "all this mythological business belongs to the poetical part of men .", "it seems strangely forgotten nowadays that a myth is a work of imagination and therefore a work of art .", "it needs a poet to make it .", "it needs a poet to criticise it .", "there are more poets than non - poets in the world , as is proved by the popular origin of such legends .", "but for some reason i have never heard explained , it is only the minority of unpoetical people who are allowed to write critical studies of these popular poems .", "we do not submit a sonnet to a mathematician or a song to a calculating boy ; but we do indulge the equally fantastic idea that folk - lore can be treated as a science .", "unless these things are appreciated artistically they are not appreciated at all .", "when the professor is told by the polynesian that once there was nothing except a great feathered serpent , unless the learned man feels a thrill and a half temptation to wish it were true , he is no judge of such things at all .", "when he is assured , on the best red indian authority , that a primitive hero carried the sun and moon and stars in a box , unless he clasps his hands and almost kicks his legs as a child would at such a charming fancy , he knows nothing about the matter .", "this test is not nonsensical ; primitive children and barbaric children do laugh and kick like other children ; and we must have a certain simplicity to repicture the childhood of the world .", "when hiawatha was told by his nurse that a warrior threw his grandmother up to the moon , he laughed like any english child told by his nurse that a cow jumped over the moon .", "the child sees the joke as well as most men , and better than some scientific men .", "but the ultimate test even of the fantastic is the appropriateness of the inappropriate .", "and the test must appear merely arbitrary because it is merely artistic .", "if any student tells me that the infant hiawatha only laughed out of respect for tribal custom of sacrificing the aged to economical housekeeping , i say he did not .", "if any scholar tells me that the cow jumped over the moon only because a heifer was sacrificed to diana , i answer that it did not .", "it happened because it is obviously the right thing for a cow to jump over the moon .", "mythology is a lost art , one of the few arts that really are lost ; but it is an art .", "the horned moon and the horned mooncalf make a harmonious and almost a quiet pattern .", "and throwing your grandmother into the sky is not good behaviour ; but it is perfectly good taste .", "thus scientists seldom understand , as artists understand , that one branch of the beautiful is the ugly .", "they seldom allow for the legitimate liberty of the grotesque .", "and they will dismiss a savage myth as merely coarse and clumsy and an evidence of degradation , because it has not all the beauty of the herald mercury new lighted on a heaven - kissing hill ; when it really has the beauty of the mock turtle or the mad hatter .", "it is the supreme proof of a man being prosaic that he always insists on poetry being poetical .", "sometimes the humour is in the very subject as well as the style of the fable .", "the australian aborigines , regarded as the rudest of savages , have a story about a giant frog who had swallowed the sea and all the waters of the world ; and who was only forced to spill them by being made to laugh .", "all the animals with all their antics passed before him and , like queen victoria , he was not amused .", "he collapsed at last before an eel who stood delicately balanced on the tip of its tail , doubtless with a rather desperate dignity .", "any amount of fine fantastic literature might be made out of that fable .", "there is philosophy in that vision of the dry world before the beatific deluge of laughter .", "there is imagination in the mountainous monster erupting like an aqueous volcano ; there is plenty of fun in the thought of his goggling visage as the pelican or the penguin passed by .", "anyhow the frog laughed ; but the folk - lore student remains grave .", "moreover , even where the fables are inferior as art , they cannot be properly judged by science ; still less properly judged as science .", "some myths are very crude and queer like the early drawings of children ; but the child is trying to draw .", "it is none the less an error to treat his drawing as if it were a diagram , or intended to be a diagram .", "the student cannot make a scientific statement about the savage , because the savage is not making a scientific statement about the world .", "he is saying something quite different ; what might be called the gossip of the gods .", "we may say , if we like , that it is believed before there is time to examine it .", "it would be truer to say it is accepted before there is time to believe it .", "i confess i doubt the whole theory of the dissemination of myths or ( as it commonly is ) of one myth .", "it is true that something in our nature and conditions makes many stories similar ; but each of them may be original .", "one man does not borrow the story from the other man , though he may tell it from the same motive as the other man .", "it would be easy to apply the whole argument about legend to literature ; and turn it into a vulgar monomania of plagiarism .", "i would undertake to trace a notion like that of the golden bough through individual modern novels as easily as through communal and antiquated myths .", "i would undertake to find something like a bunch of flowers figuring again and again from the fatal bouquet of becky sharpe to the spray of roses sent by the princess of ruritania .", "but though these flowers may spring from the same soil , it is not the same faded flower that is flung from hand to hand .", "those flowers are always fresh .", "the true origin of all the myths has been discovered much too often .", "there are too many keys to mythology , as there are too many cryptograms in shakespeare .", "everything is phallic ; everything is totemistic ; everything is seed - time and harvest ; everything is ghosts and grave - offerings ; everything is the golden bough of sacrifice ; everything is the sun and moon ; everything is everything .", "every folk - lore student who knew a little more than his own monomania , every man of wider reading and critical culture like andrew lang , has practically confessed that the bewilderment of these things left his brain spinning .", "yet the whole trouble comes from a man trying to look at these stories from the outside , as if they were scientific objects .", "he has only to look at them from the inside , and ask himself how he would begin a story .", "a story may start with anything and go anywhere .", "it may start with a bird without the bird being a totem ; it may start with the sun without being a solar myth .", "it is said there are only ten plots in the world ; and there will certainly be common and recurrent elements .", "set ten thousand children talking at once , and telling tarradiddles about what they did in the wood , and it will not be hard to find parallels suggesting sun - worship or animal worship .", "some of the stories may be pretty and some silly and some perhaps dirty ; but they can only be judged as stories .", "in the modern dialect , they can only be judged aesthetically .", "it is strange that aesthetics , or mere feeling , which is now allowed to usurp where it has no rights at all , to wreck reason with pragmatism and morals with anarchy , is apparently not allowed to give a purely aesthetic judgement on what is obviously a purely aesthetic question .", "we may be fanciful about everything except fairy - tales .", "now we do not comprehend this process in ourselves , far less in our most remote fellow - creatures and the danger of these things being classified is that they may seem to be comprehended .", "a really fine work of folklore , like the golden bough , will leave too many readers with the idea , for instance , that this or that story of a giant ' s or wizard ' s heart in a casket or a cave only ' means ' some stupid and static superstition called ' the external soul . '", "but we do not know what these things mean , simply because we do not know what we ourselves mean when we are moved by them .", "suppose somebody in a story says ' pluck this flower and a princess will die in a castle beyond the sea , ' we do not know why something stirs in the subconsciousness , or why what is impossible seems almost inevitable .", "suppose we read ' and in the hour when the king extinguished the candle his ships were wrecked far away on the coast of hebrides . '", "we do not know why the imagination has accepted that image before the reason can reject it ; or why such correspondences seem really to correspond to something in the soul .", "very deep things in our nature , some dim sense of the dependence of great things upon small , some dark suggestion that the things nearest to us stretch far beyond our power , some sacramental feeling of the magic in material substances , and many more emotions past fading out , are in an idea like that of the external soul .", "the power even in the myths of savages is like the power in the metaphors of poets .", "the soul of such a metaphor is often very emphatically an external soul .", "the best critics have remarked that in the best poets the simile is often a picture that seems quite separate from the text .", "it is as irrelevant as the remote castle to the flower or the hebridean coast to the candle .", "shelley compares the skylark to a young woman on a turret , to a rose embedded in thick foliage , to a series of things that seem to be about as unlike a skylark in the sky as anything we can imagine .", "i suppose the most potent piece of pure magic in english literature is the much - quoted passage in keats ' s nightingale about the casements opening on the perilous foam .", "and nobody notices that the image seems to come from nowhere ; that it appears abruptly after some almost equally irrelevant remarks about ruth ; and that it has nothing in the world to do with the subject of the poem .", "if there is one place in the world where nobody could reasonably expect to find a nightingale , it is on a window - sill at the seaside .", "but it is only in the same sense that nobody would expect to find a giant ' s heart in a casket under the sea .", "now , it would be very dangerous to classify the metaphors of the poets .", "when shelley says that the cloud will rise ' like a child from the womb , like a ghost from the tomb , ' it would be quite possible to call the first a case of the coarse primitive birth - myth and the second a survival of the ghost - worship which became ancestor - worship .", "but it is the wrong way of dealing with a cloud ; and is liable to leave the learned in the condition of polonius , only too ready to think it like a weasel , or very like a whale .", "those who talk about pagan christs have less sympathy with paganism than with christianity .", "those who call these cults ' religions , ' and ' compare ' them with the certitude and challenge of the church have much less appreciation than we have of what made heathenism human , or of why classic literature is still something that hangs in the air like a song .", "it is no very human tenderness for the hungry to prove that hunger is the same as food .", "it is no very genial understanding of youth to argue that hope destroys the need for happiness .", "and it is utterly unreal to argue that these images in the mind , admired entirely in the abstract , were even in the same world with a living man and a living polity that were worshipped because they were concrete .", "we might as well say that a boy playing at robbers is the same as a man in his first day in the trenches ; or that boy ' s first fancies about ' the not impossible she ' are the same as the sacrament of marriage .", "they are fundamentally different exactly where they are superficially similar ; we might almost say they are not the same even when they are the same .", "they are only different because one is real and the other is not .", "i do not mean merely that i myself believe that one is true and the other is not .", "i mean that one was never meant to be true in the same sense as the other .", "the sense in which it was meant to be true i have tried to suggest vaguely here , but it is undoubtedly very subtle and almost indescribable .", "it is so subtle that the students who profess to put it up as a rival to our religion miss the whole meaning and purport of their own study .", "we know better than the scholars , even those of us who are no scholars , what was in that hollow cry that went forth over the dead adonis and why the great mother had a daughter wedded to death .", "we have entered more deeply than they into the eleusinian mysteries and have passed a higher grade , where gate within gate guarded the wisdom of orpheus .", "we know the meaning of all the myths .", "we know the last secret revealed to the perfect initiate .", "and it is not the voice of a priest or a prophet saying ' these things are . '", "it is the voice of a dreamer and an idealist crying , ' why cannot these things be ? '", "i have dwelt at some little length on this imaginative sort of paganism , which has crowded the world with temples and is everywhere the parent of popular festivity .", "for the central history of civilisation , as i see it , consists of two further stages before the final stage of christendom .", "the first was the struggle between this paganism and something less worthy than itself , and the second the process by which it grew in itself less worthy .", "in this very varied and often very vague polytheism there was a weakness of original sin .", "pagan gods were depicted as tossing men like dice ; and indeed they are loaded dice .", "about sex especially men are born unbalanced ; we might almost say men are born mad .", "they scarcely reach sanity till they reach sanctity .", "this disproportion dragged down the winged fancies ; and filled the end of paganism with a mere filth and litter of spawning gods .", "but the first point to realise is that this sort of paganism had an early collision with another sort of paganism ; and that the issue of that essentially spiritual struggle really determined the history of the world .", "in order to understand it we must pass to a review of the other kind of paganism .", "it can be considered much more briefly ; indeed there is a very real sense in which the less that is said about it the better .", "if we have called the first sort of mythology the day - dream , we might very well call the second sort of mythology the nightmare .", "superstition recurs in all ages , and especially in rationalistic ages .", "i remember defending the religious tradition against a whole luncheon table of distinguished agnostics ; and before the end of our conversation every one of them had procured from his pocket , or exhibited on his watch - chain , some charm or talisman from which he admitted that he was never separated .", "i was the only person present who had neglected to provide himself with a fetish .", "superstition recurs in a rationalist age because it rests on something which , if not identical with rationalism , is not unconnected with scepticism .", "it is at least very closely connected with agnosticism .", "it rests on something that is really a very human and intelligible sentiment , like the local invocations of the numen in popular paganism .", "but it is an agnostic sentiment , for it rests on two feelings : first that we do not really know the laws of the universe ; and second that they may be very different to all we call reason .", "such men realise the real truth that enormous things do often turn upon tiny things .", "when a whisper comes , from tradition or what not , that one particular tiny thing is the key or clue , something deep and not altogether senseless in human nature tells them that it is not unlikely .", "this feeling exists in both the forms of paganism here under consideration .", "but when we come to the second form of it , we find it transformed and filled with another and more terrible spirit .", "in any case it is clear enough that the painted and gilded civilisation of tropical america systematically indulged in human sacrifice .", "it is by no means clear , so far as i know , that the eskimos ever indulged in human sacrifice .", "they were not civilised enough .", "they were too closely imprisoned by the white winter and the endless dark .", "chill penury repressed their noble rage and froze the genial current of the soul .", "it was in brighter days and broader daylight that the noble rage is found unmistakably raging .", "it was in richer and more instructed lands that the genial current flowed on the altars , to be drunk by great gods wearing goggling and grinning masks and called on in terror or torment by long cacophonous names that sound like laughter in hell .", "a warmer climate and a more scientific cultivation were needed to bring forth these blooms ; to draw up towards the sun the large leaves and flamboyant blossoms that gave their gold and crimson and purple to that garden , which swinburne compares to the hesperides .", "there was at least no doubt about the dragon .", "i do not raise in this connection the special controversy about spain and mexico ; but i may remark in passing that it resembles exactly the question that must in some sense be raised afterwards about rome and carthage .", "in both cases there has been a queer habit among the english of always siding against the europeans , and representing the rival civilisation , in swinburne ' s phrase , as sinless ; when its sins were obviously crying or rather screaming to heaven .", "for carthage also was a high civilisation , indeed a much more highly civilised civilisation .", "and carthage also founded that civilisation on a religion of fear , sending up everywhere the smoke of human sacrifice .", "now it is very right to rebuke our own race or religion for falling short of our own standards and ideals .", "but it is absurd to pretend that they fell lower than the other races and religions that professed the very opposite standards and ideals .", "there is a very real sense in which the christian is worse than the heathen , the spaniard worse than the red indian , or even the roman potentially worse than the carthaginian .", "but there is only one sense in which he is worse ; and that is not in being positively worse .", "the christian is only worse because it is his business to be better .", "anyhow the part of such speculations that concerns this story centered especially round that eastern end of the mediterranean , where the nomads had turned gradually into traders and had begun to trade with the whole world .", "indeed in the sense of trade and travel and colonial extension , it already had something like an empire of the whole world .", "its purple dye , the emblem of its rich pomp and luxury , had steeped the wares which were sold far away amid the last crags of cornwall and the sails that entered the silence of tropic seas amid all the mystery of africa .", "it might be said truly to have painted the map purple .", "it was already a world - wide success , when the princes of tyre would hardly have troubled to notice that one of their princesses had condescended to marry the chief of some tribe called judah ; when the merchants of its african outpost would only have curled their bearded and semitic lips with a slight smile at the mention of a village called rome .", "and indeed no two things could have seemed more distant from each other , not only in space but in spirit , than the monotheism of the palestinian tribe and the very virtues of the small italian republic .", "there was but one thing between them ; and the thing which divided them has united them .", "very various and incompatible were the things that could be loved by the consuls of rome and the prophets of israel ; but they were at one in what they hated .", "it is very easy in both cases to represent that hatred as something merely hateful .", "it is easy enough to make a merely harsh and inhuman figure either of elijah raving above the slaughter of carmel or cato thundering against the amnesty of africa .", "these men had their limitations and their local passions ; but this criticism of them is unimaginative and therefore unreal .", "it leaves out something , something immense and intermediate , facing east and west and calling up this passion in its eastern and western enemies ; and that something is the first subject of this chapter .", "i have called the fourth and final division of the spiritual elements into which i should divide heathen humanity by the name of the philosophers .", "i confess that it covers in my mind much that would generally be classified otherwise ; and that what are here called philosophies are very often called religions .", "i believe however that my own description will be found to be much the more realistic and not the less respectful .", "but we must first take philosophy in its purest and clearest form that we may trace its normal outline ; and that is to be found in the world of the purest and clearest outlines , that culture of the mediterranean of which we have been considering the mythologies and idolatries in the last two chapters .", "it is necessary to insist on this abstraction in the first student of abstractions .", "he was not so much antagonistic as absent - minded .", "his hobby might be the universe ; but at first the hobby was as private as if it had been numismatics or playing draughts .", "and even when his wisdom came to be a public possession , and almost a political situation , it was very seldom on the same plane as the popular and religious institutions .", "aristotle , with his colossal common sense , was perhaps the greatest of all philosophers ; certainly the most practical of all philosophies but aristotle would no more have set up the absolute side by side with the apollo of delphi , as a similar or rival religion , than archimedes would have thought of setting up the lever as a sort of idol or fetish to be substituted for the palladium of the city .", "or we might as well imagine euclid building an altar to an isosceles triangle , or offering sacrifices to the square of the hypotenuse .", "the one man meditated on metaphysics as the other man did on mathematics ; for the love of truth or for curiosity or for the fun of the thing .", "but that sort of fun never seems to have interfered very much with the other sort of fun ; the fun of dancing or singing to celebrate some rascally romance about zeus becoming a bull or a swan .", "it is perhaps the proof of a certain superficiality and even insincerity about the popular polytheism , that men could be philosophers and even sceptics without disturbing it .", "these thinkers could move the foundations of the world without altering even the outline of that coloured cloud that hung above it in the air .", "for the thinkers did move the foundations of the world , even when a curious compromise seemed to prevent them from moving the foundations of the city .", "the two great philosophers of antiquity do indeed appear to us as defenders of sane and even of sacred ideas ; their maxims often read like the answers to sceptical questions too completely answered to be always recorded .", "aristotle annihilated a hundred anarchists and nature - worshipping cranks by the fundamental statement that man is a political animal .", "plato in some sense anticipated the catholic realism , as attacked by the heretical nominalism , by insisting on the equally fundamental fact that ideas are realities ; that ideas exist just as men exist .", "plato however seemed sometimes almost to fancy that ideas exist as men do not exist ; or that the men need hardly be considered where they conflict with the ideas .", "he had something of the social sentiment that we call fabian in his ideal of fitting the citizen to the city .", "like an imaginary head to an ideal hat ; and great and glorious as he remains , he has been the father of all faddists .", "aristotle anticipated more fully the sacramental sanity that was to combine the body and the soul of things ; for he considered the nature of men as well as the nature of morals , and looked to the eyes as well as to the light .", "but though these great men were in that sense constructive and conservative , they belonged to a world where thought was free to the point of being fanciful .", "many other great intellects did indeed follow them , some exalting an abstract vision of virtue , others following more rationalistically the necessity of the human pursuit of happiness .", "the former had the name of stoics ; and their name has passed into a proverb for what is indeed one of the main moral ideals of mankind : that of strengthening the mind itself until it is of a texture to resist calamity or even pain .", "but it is admitted that a great number of the philosophers degenerated into what we still call sophists .", "they became a sort of professional sceptics who went about asking uncomfortable questions , and were handsomely paid for making themselves a nuisance to normal people .", "it was perhaps an accidental resemblance to such questioning quacks that was responsible for the unpopularity of the great socrates ; whose death might seem to contradict the suggestion of the permanent truce between the philosophers and the gods .", "but socrates did not die as a monotheist who denounced polytheism ; certainly not as a prophet who denounced idols .", "it is clear to anyone reading between the lines that there was some notion , right or wrong , of a purely personal influence affecting morals and perhaps politics the general compromise remained , whether it was that the greeks thought their myths a joke or that they thought their theories a joke .", "there was never any collision in which one really destroyed the other , and there was never any combination in which one was really reconciled with the other .", "they certainly did not work together ; if anything the philosopher was a rival of the priest .", "but both seemed to have accepted a sort of separation of functions and remained parts of the same social system .", "another important tradition descends from pythagoras ; who is significant because he stands nearest to the oriental mystics who must be considered in their turn .", "he taught a sort of mysticism of mathematics , that number is the ultimate reality ; but he also seems to have taught the transmigration of souls like the brahmins ; and to have left to his followers certain traditional tricks of vegetarianism and water - drinking very common among the eastern sages , especially those who figure in fashionable drawing - rooms , like those of the later roman empire .", "but in passing to eastern sages , and the somewhat different atmosphere of the east , we may approach a rather important truth by other path .", "one of the great philosophers said that it would be well if philosophers were kings , or kings were philosophers .", "he spoke as of something too good to be true ; but , as a matter of fact , it not unfrequently was true .", "a certain type , perhaps too little noticed in history , may really be called the royal philosopher .", "to begin with , apart from actual royalty , it did occasionally become possible for the sage , though he was not what we call a religious founder , to be something like a political founder .", "and the great example of this , one of the very greatest in the world , will with the very thought of it carry us thousands of miles across the vast spaces of asia to that very wonderful and in some ways that very wise world of ideas and institutions , which we dismiss somewhat cheaply when we talk of china .", "men have served many very strange gods ; and trusted themselves loyally to many ideals and even idols .", "china is a society that has really chosen to believe in intellect .", "it has taken intellect seriously ; and it may be that it stands alone in the world .", "from a very early age it faced the dilemma of the king and the philosopher by actually appointing a philosopher to advise the king .", "it made a public institution out of a private individual , who had nothing in the world to do but to be intellectual .", "it had and has , of course , many other things on the same pattern .", "it creates all ranks and privileges by public examination ; it has nothing that we call an aristocracy ; it is a democracy dominated by an intelligensia .", "but the point here is that it had philosophers to advise kings ; and one of those philosophers must have been a great philosopher and a great statesman .", "confucius was not a religious founder or even a religious teacher ; possibly not even a religious man .", "he was not an atheist ; he was apparently what we call an agnostic .", "but the really vital point is that it is utterly irrelevant to talk about his religion at all .", "it is like talking of theology as the first thing in the story of how rowland hill established the postal system or baden powell organised the boy scouts .", "confucius was not there to bring a message from heaven to humanity , but to organise china ; and he must have organised it exceedingly well .", "it follows that he dealt much with morals ; but he bound them up strictly with manners .", "the peculiarity of his scheme and of his country , in which it contrasts with its great pendant the system of christendom , is that he insisted on perpetuating an external life with all its forms , that outward continuity might preserve internal peace .", "anyone who knows how much habit has to do with health , of mind as well as body , will see the truth in his idea .", "but he will also see that the ancestor - worship and the reverence for the sacred emperor were habits and not creeds .", "it is unfair to the great confucius to say he was a religious founder .", "it is even unfair to him to say he was not a religious founder .", "it is as unfair as going out of one ' s way to say that jeremy bentham was not a christian martyr .", "but there is a class of most interesting cases in which philosophers were kings , and not merely the friends of kings .", "the combination is not accidental .", "it has a great deal to do with this rather elusive question of the function of the philosopher .", "it contains in it some hint of why philosophy and mythology seldom came to an open rupture .", "it was not only because there was something a little frivolous about the mythology .", "it was also because there was something a little supercilious about the philosopher .", "he despised the myths , but he also despised the mob ; and thought they suited each other .", "the pagan philosopher was seldom a man of the people , at any rate in spirit ; he was seldom a democrat and often a bitter critic of democracy .", "he had about him an air of aristocratic and humane leisure ; and his part was most easily played by men who happened to be in such a position .", "it was very easy and natural for a prince or a prominent person to play at being as philosophical as hamlet or theseus in the midsummer night ' s dream .", "and from very early ages we find ourselves in the presence of these princely intellectuals .", "in fact , we find one of them in the very first recorded ages of the world ; sitting on the primeval throne that looked over ancient egypt .", "the most intense interest of the incident of akenahten , commonly called the heretic pharaoh , lies in the fact that he was the one example , at any rate before christian times , of one of these royal philosophers who set himself to fight popular mythology in the name of private philosophy .", "most of them assumed the attitude of marcus aurelius , who is in many ways the model of this sort of monarch and sage .", "marcus aurelius has been blamed for tolerating the pagan amphitheatre or the christian martyrdoms .", "but it was characteristic ; for this sort of man really thought of popular religion just as he thought of popular circuses .", "of him professor phillimore has profoundly said ' a great and good man - - and he knew it . '", "the heretic pharaoh had a philosophy more earnest and perhaps more humble .", "for there is a corollary to the conception of being too proud to fight .", "it is that the humble have to do most of the fighting .", "anyhow , the egyptian prince was simple enough to take his own philosophy seriously , and alone among such intellectual princes he affected a sort of coup d ' etat ; hurling down the high gods of egypt with one imperial gesture and lifting up for all men , like a blazing mirror of monotheistic truth , the disc of the universal sun .", "he had other interesting ideas often to be found in such idealists .", "in the sense in which we speak of a little englander he was a little egypter .", "in art he was a realist because he was an idealist ; for realism is more impossible than any other ideal .", "but after all there falls on him something of the shadow of marcus aurelius , stalked by the shadow of professor phillimore .", "that is the matter with this noble sort of prince is that he has nowhere quite escaped being something of a prig .", "priggishness is so pungent a smell that it clings amid the faded spices even to an egyptian mummy .", "that was the matter with the heretic pharaoh , as with a good many other heretics , was that he probably never paused to ask himself whether there was anything in the popular beliefs and tales of people less educated than himself .", "and , as already suggested , there was something in them .", "there was a real human hunger in all that element of feature and locality , that procession of deities like enormous pet animals , in that unwearied watching at certain haunted spots , in all the many wanderings of mythology .", "nature may not have the name of isis ; isis may not be really looking for osiris .", "but it is true that nature is really looking for something ; nature is always looking for the supernatural .", "something much more definite was to satisfy that need ; but a dignified monarch with a disc of the sun did not satisfy it .", "the royal experiment failed amid a roaring reaction of popular superstitions , in which the priests rose on the shoulders of the people and ascended the throne of the kings .", "the next great example i shall take of the princely sage is gautama , the great lord buddha .", "i know he is not generally classed merely with the philosophers ; but i am more and more convinced from all information that reaches me , that this is the real interpretation of his immense importance .", "he was by far the greatest and the best of these intellectuals born in the purple .", "his reaction was perhaps the noblest and most sincere of all the resultant actions of that combination of thinkers and of thrones .", "for his reaction was renunciation .", "marcus aurelius was content to say , with a refined irony , that even in a palace life could be lived well .", "the fierier egyptian king concluded that it could be lived even better after a palace revolution .", "but the great gautama was the only one of them who proved he could really do without his palace .", "one fell back on toleration and the other on revolution .", "but after all there is something more absolute about abdication .", "abdication is perhaps the one really absolute action of an absolute monarch .", "the indian prince , reared in oriental luxury and pomp , deliberately went out and lived the life of a beggar .", "that is magnificent , but it is not war ; that is , it is not necessarily a crusade in the christian sense .", "it does not decide the question of whether the life of a beggar was the life of a saint or the life of a philosopher .", "it does not decide whether this great man is really to go into the tub of diogenes or the cave of st . jerome .", "now those who seem to be nearest to the study of buddha , and certainly those who write most clearly and intelligently about him , convince me for one that he was simply a philosopher who founded a successful school of philosophy , and was turned into a sort of divus or sacred being merely by the more mysterious and unscientific atmosphere of all such traditions in asia .", "so that it is necessary to say at this point a word about that invisible yet vivid border - line that we cross in passing from the mediterranean into the mystery of the east .", "perhaps there are no things out of which we get so little of the truth as the truisms ; especially when they are really true .", "we are all in the habit of saying certain things about asia , which are true enough but which hardly help us because we do not understand their truth ; as that asia is old or looks to the past or is not progressive .", "now it is true that christendom is more progressive , in a sense that has very little to do with the rather provincial notion of an endless fuss of political improvement .", "christendom does believe , for christianity does believe , that man can eventually get somewhere , here or hereafter , or in various ways according to various doctrines .", "the world ' s desire can somehow be satisfied as desires are satisfied , whether by a new life or an old love or some form of positive possession and fulfilment .", "for the rest , we all know there is a rhythm and not a mere progress in things , that things rise and fall ; only with us the rhythm is a fairly free and incalculable rhythm .", "for most of asia the rhythm has hardened into a recurrence .", "it is no longer merely a rather topsy - turvy sort of world ; it is a wheel .", "what has happened to all those highly intelligent and highly civilised peoples is that they have been caught up in a sort of cosmic rotation , of which the hollow hub is really nothing .", "in that sense the worst part of existence is that it may just as well go on like that forever .", "that is what we really mean when we say that asia is old or unprogressive or looking backwards .", "that is why we see even her curved swords as arcs broken from that blinding wheel ; why we see her serpentine ornament as returning everywhere , like a snake that is never slain .", "it has very little to do with the political varnish of progress ; all asiatics might have top - hats on their heads but if they had this spirit still in their hearts , they would only think the hats would vanish and come round again like the planets ; not that running after a hat could lead them to heaven or even to home .", "now when the genius of buddha arose to deal with the matter , this sort of cosmic sentiment was already common to almost everything in the east .", "there was indeed the jungle of an extraordinarily extravagant and almost asphyxiating mythology .", "nevertheless it is possible to have more sympathy with this popular fruitfulness in folk - lore than with some of the higher pessimism that might have withered it .", "it must always be remembered , however , when all fair allowances are made , that a great deal of spontaneous eastern imagery really is idolatry ; the local and literal worship of an idol .", "this is probably not true of the ancient brahminical system , at least as seen by brahmins .", "but that phrase alone will remind us of a reality of much greater moment .", "this great reality is the caste system of ancient india .", "it may have had some of the practical advantages of the guild system of medieval europe .", "but it contrasts not only with that christian democracy , but with every extreme type of christian aristocracy , in the fact that it does really conceive the social superiority as a spiritual superiority .", "this not only divides it fundamentally from the fraternity of christendom , but leaves it standing like a mighty and terraced mountain of pride between the relatively egalitarian levels both of islam and of china .", "but the fixity of this formation through thousands of years is another illustration of that spirit of repetition that has marked time from time immemorial .", "now we may also presume the prevalence of another idea which we associate with the buddhists as interpreted by the theosophists .", "as a fact , some of the strictest buddhists repudiate the idea and still more scornfully repudiate the theosophists .", "but whether the idea is in buddhism , or only in the birthplace of buddhism , or only in a tradition or a travesty of buddhism , it is an idea entirely proper to this principle of recurrence .", "i mean of course the idea of reincarnation .", "i can understand that buddhists might resent the view that buddhism is merely a philosophy , if we understand by a philosophy merely an intellectual game such as greek sophists played , tossing up worlds and catching them like balls .", "perhaps a more exact statement would be that buddha was a man who made a metaphysical discipline ; which might even be called a psychological discipline .", "he proposed a way of escaping from all this recurrent sorrow ; and that was simply by getting rid of the delusion that is called desire .", "it was emphatically not that we should get what we want better by restraining our impatience for part of it , or that we should get it in a better way or in a better world .", "it was emphatically that we should leave off wanting it .", "if once a man realised that there is really no reality , that everything , including his soul , is in dissolution at every instant , he would anticipate disappointment and be intangible to change , existing ( in so far as he could be said to exist ) in a sort of ecstasy of indifference .", "the buddhists call this beatitude and we will not stop our story to argue the point ; certainly to us it is indistinguishable from despair .", "i do not see , for instance , why the disappointment of desire should not apply as much to the most benevolent desires as to the most selfish ones .", "indeed the lord of compassion seems to pity people for living rather than for dying .", "for the rest , an intelligent buddhist wrote ' the explanation of popular chinese and japanese buddhism is that it is not buddhism . '", "that has doubtless ceased to be a mere philosophy , but only by becoming a mere mythology .", "one thing is certain ; it has never become anything remotely resembling what we call a church .", "it will appear only a jest to say that all religious history has really been a pattern of noughts and crosses .", "but i do not by noughts mean nothings , but only things that are negative compared with the positive shape or pattern of the other .", "and though the symbol is of course only a coincidence , it is a coincidence that really does coincide .", "the mind of asia can really be represented by a round 0 , if not in the sense of a cypher at least of a circle .", "the great asiatic symbol of a serpent with its tail in its mouth is really a very perfect image of a certain idea of unity and recurrence that does indeed belong to the eastern philosophies and religions .", "it really is a curve that in one sense includes everything , and in another sense comes to nothing .", "in that sense it does confess , or rather boast , that all argument is an argument in a circle .", "and though the figure is but a symbol , we can see how sound is the symbolic sense that produces it , the parallel symbol of the wheel of buddha generally called the swastika the cross is a thing at right angles pointing boldly in opposite directions ; but the swastika is the same thing in the very act of returning to the recurrent curve .", "that crooked cross is in fact a cross turning into a wheel .", "before we dismiss even these symbols as if they were arbitrary symbols , we must remember how intense was the imaginative instinct that produced them or selected them both in the east and the west .", "the cross has become something more than a historical memory ; it does convey , almost as by a mathematical diagram , the truth about the real point at issue ; the idea of a conflict stretching outwards into eternity .", "it is true , and even tautological , to say that the cross is the crux of the whole matter .", "in other words the cross , in fact as well as figure , does really stand for the idea of breaking out of the circle that is everything and nothing .", "it does escape from the circular argument by which everything begins and ends in the mind .", "since we are still dealing in symbols , it might be put in a parable in the form of that story about st . francis , which says that the birds departing with his benediction could wing their way into the infinites of the four winds of heaven , their tracks making a vast cross upon the sky ; for compared with the freedom of that flight of birds , the very shape of the swastika is like a kitten chasing its tail .", "in a more popular allegory , we might say that when st . george thrust his spear into the monster ' s jaws , he broke in upon the solitude of the self - devouring serpent and gave it something to bite besides its own tail .", "but while many fancies might be used as figures of the truth , the truth itself is abstract and absolute ; though it is not very easy to sum up except by such figures .", "christianity does appeal to a solid truth outside itself ; to something which is in that sense external as well as eternal .", "it does declare that things are really there ; or in other words that things are really things - - in this christianity is at one with common sense ; but all religious history shows that this common sense perishes except where there is christianity to preserve it .", "that circle or disc of the sun set up in the morning of the world by the remote egyptian has been a mirror and a model for all the philosophers .", "they have made many things out of it , and sometimes gone mad about it , especially when as in these eastern sages the circle became a wheel going round and round in their heads .", "but the point about them is that they all think that existence can be represented by a diagram instead of a drawing ; and the rude drawings of the childish myth - makers are a sort of crude and spirited protest against that view .", "they cannot believe that religion is really not a pattern but a picture .", "still less can they believe that it is a picture of something that really exists outside our minds .", "sometimes the philosophy paints the disc all black and calls himself a pessimist ; sometimes he paints it all white and calls himself an optimist ; sometimes he divides it exactly into halves of black and white and calls himself a dualist , like those persian mystics to whom i wish there were space to do justice .", "none of them could understand a thing that began to draw the proportions just as if they were real proportions , disposed in the living fashion which the mathematical draughtsman would call disproportionate .", "like the first artist in the cave , it revealed to incredulous eyes the suggestion of a new purpose in what looked like a wildly crooked pattern ; he seemed only to be distorting his diagram , when he began for the first time in all the ages to trace the lines of a form - - and of a face .", "the materialist theory of history , that all politics and ethics are the expression of economics , is a very simple fallacy indeed .", "it consists simply of confusing the necessary conditions of life with the normal preoccupations of life , that are quite a different thing .", "it is like saying that because a man can only walk about on two legs , therefore he never walks about except to buy shoes and stockings .", "man cannot live without the two props of food and drink , which support him like two legs ; but to suggest that they have been the motives of all his movements in history is like saying that the goal of all his military marches or religious pilgrimages must have been the golden leg of miss kilmansegg or the ideal and perfect leg of sir willoughby patterne .", "but it is such movements that make up the story of mankind and without them there would practically be no story at all .", "cows may be purely economic , in the sense that we cannot see that they do much beyond grazing and seeking better grazing grounds ; and that is why a history of cows in twelve volumes would not be very lively reading .", "sheep and goats may be pure economists in their external action at least ; but that is why the sheep has hardly been a hero of epic wars and empires thought worthy of detailed narration ; and even the more active quadruped has not inspired a book for boys called golden deeds of gallant goats or any similar title .", "but so far from the movements that make up the story of man being economic , we may say that the story only begins where the motive of the cows and sheep leaves off .", "it will be hard to maintain that the crusaders went from their homes into a howling wilderness because cows go from a wilderness to a more comfortable grazing - grounds .", "it will be hard to maintain that the arctic explorers went north with the same material motive that made the swallows go south .", "and if you leave things like all the religious wars and all the merely adventurous explorations out of the human story , it will not only cease to be human at all but cease to be a story at all .", "the outline of history is made of these decisive curves and angles determined by the will of man .", "economic history would not even be history .", "but there is a deeper fallacy besides this obvious fact ; that men need not live for food merely because they cannot live without food the truth is that the thing most present to the mind of man is not the economic machinery necessary to his existence ; but rather that existence itself ; the world which he sees when he wakes every morning and the nature of his general position in it .", "there is something that is nearer to him than livelihood , and that is life .", "for once that he remembers exactly what work produces his wages and exact ] y what wages produce his meals , he reflects ten times that it is a fine day or it is a queer world , or wonders whether life is worth living , or wonders whether marriage is a failure , or is pleased and puzzled with his own children , or remembers his own youth , or in any such fashion vaguely reviews the mysterious lot of man .", "this is true of the majority even of the wage - slaves of our morbid modern industrialism , which by its hideousness and in - humanity has really forced the economic issue to the front .", "it is immeasurably more true of the multitude of peasants or hunters or fishers who make up the real mass of mankind .", "even those dry pedants who think that ethics depend on economics must admit that economics depend on existence .", "and any number of normal doubts and day - dreams are about existence ; not about how we can live , but about why we do .", "and the proof of it is simple ; as simple as suicide .", "turn the universe upside down in the mind and you turn all the political economists upside down with it .", "suppose that a man wishes to die , and the professor of political economy becomes rather a bore with his elaborate explanations of how he is to live .", "and all the departures and decisions that make our human past into a story have this character of diverting the direct course of pure economics .", "as the economist may be excused from calculating the future salary of a suicide , so he may be excused from providing an old age pension for a martyr .", "as he need not provide for the future of a martyr so he need not provide for the family of a monk .", "his plan is modified in lesser and varying degrees by a man being a soldier and dying for his own country , by a man being a peasant and specially loving his own land , by a man being more or less affected by any religion that forbids or allows him to do this or that .", "but all these come back not to an economic calculation about livelihood but to an elemental outlook upon life .", "they all come back to what a man fundamentally feels , when he looks forth from those strange windows which we call the eyes , upon that strange vision that we call the world .", "no wise man will wish to bring more long words into the world .", "but it may be allowable to say that we need a new thing ; which may be called psychological history .", "i mean the consideration of what things meant in the mind of a man , especially an ordinary man ; as distinct from what is defined or deduced merely from official forms or political pronouncements .", "i have already touched on it in such a case as the totem or indeed any other popular myth .", "it is not enough to be told that a tom - cat was called a totem ; especially when it was not called a totem .", "we want to know what it felt like .", "was it like whittington ' s cat or like a witch ' s cat ?", "was its real name pasht or puss - in - boots ?", "that is the sort of thing we need touching the nature of political and social relations .", "we want to know the real sentiment that was the social bond of many common men , as sane and as selfish as we are .", "what did soldiers feel when they saw splendid in the sky that strange totem that we call the golden eagle of the legions ?", "what did vassals feel about those other totems the lions or the leopards upon the shield of their lord ?", "so long as we neglect this subjective side of history , which may more simply be called the inside of history , there will always be a certain limitation on that science which can be better transcended by art .", "so long as the historian cannot do that , fiction will be truer than fact .", "there will be more reality in a novel ; yes , even in a historical novel .", "there is something we all know which can only be rendered , in an appropriate language , as realpolitik .", "as a matter of fact , it is an almost insanely unreal politik .", "it is always stubbornly and stupidly repeating that men fight for material ends , without reflecting for a moment that the material ends are hardly ever material to the men who fight .", "in any case no man will die for practical politics , just as no man will die for pay .", "nero could not hire a hundred christians to be eaten by lions at a shilling an hour ; for men will not be martyred for money .", "but the vision called up by real politik , or realistic politics , is beyond example crazy and incredible .", "does anybody in the world believe that d soldier says , ' my leg is nearly dropping off , but i shall go on till it drops ; for after all i shall enjoy all the advantages of my government obtaining a warm - water port in the gulf of finland . '", "can anybody suppose that a clerk turned conscript says , ' if i am gassed i shall probably die in torments , but it is a comfort to reflect that should i ever decide to become a pearl - diver in the south seas , that career is now open to me and my countrymen . '", "materialist history is the most madly incredible of all histories , or even of all romances .", "whatever starts wars , the thing that sustains wars is something in the soul ; that is something akin to religion .", "it is what men feel about life and about death .", "a man near to death is dealing directly with an absolute ; it is nonsense to say he is concerned only with relative and remote complications that death in any case will end .", "if he is sustained by certain loyalties , they must be loyalties as simple as death .", "they are generally two ideas , which are only two sides of one idea .", "the first is the love of something said to be threatened , if it be only vaguely known as home ; the second is dislike and defiance of some strange thing that threatens it .", "the first is far more philosophical than it sounds , though we need not discuss it here .", "a man does not want his national home destroyed or even changed , because he cannot even remember all the good things that go with it ; just as he does not want his house burnt down , because he can hardly count all the things he would miss .", "therefore he fights for what sounds like a hazy abstraction , but is really a house .", "but the negative side of it is quite as noble as well as quite as strong .", "men fight hardest when they feel that the foe is at once an old enemy and an eternal stranger , that his atmosphere is alien and antagonistic , as the french feel about the prussian or the eastern christians about the turk .", "if we say it is a difference of religion , people will drift into dreary bickerings about sects and dogmas .", "we will pity them and say it is a difference about death and daylight ; a difference that does really come like a dark shadow between our eyes and the day .", "men can think of this difference even at the point of death ; for it is a difference about the meaning of life .", "men are moved in these things by something far higher and holier than policy ; by hatred .", "when men hung on in the darkest days of the great war , suffering either in their bodies or in their souls for those they loved , they were long past caring about details of diplomatic objects as motives for their refusal to surrender .", "of myself and those i knew best i can answer for the vision that made surrender impossible .", "it was the vision of the german emperor ' s face as he rode into paris .", "this is not the sentiment which some of my idealistic friends describe as love .", "i am quite content to call it hatred ; the hatred of hell and all its works , and to agree that as they do not believe in hell they need not believe in hatred .", "but in the face of this prevalent prejudice , this long introduction has been unfortunately necessary , to ensure an understanding of what is meant by a religious war .", "there is a religious war when two worlds meet ; that is when two visions of the world meet ; or in more modern language when two moral atmospheres meet .", "what is the one man ' s breath is the other man ' s poison ; and it is vain to talk of giving a pestilence a place in the sun .", "and this is what we must understand , even at the expense of digression , if we would see what really happened in the mediterranean ; when right athwart the rising of the republic on the tiber , a thing overtopping and disdaining it , dark with all the riddles of asia and trailing all the tribes and dependencies of imperialism , came carthage riding on the sea .", "with this there was a paradox which is still for many the puzzle or riddle of the latins .", "with religion running through every domestic detail like a climbing plant , there went what seems to many the very opposite spirit ; the spirit of revolt .", "imperialists and reactionaries often involve rome as the very model of order and obedience ; but rome was the very reverse .", "the real history of ancient rome is much more like the history of modern paris .", "it might be called in modern language a city built out of barricades .", "it is said that the gate of janus was never closed because there was an eternal war without ; it is almost as true that there was an eternal revolution within .", "from the first plebeian riots to the last servile wars , the state that imposed peace on the world was never really at peace .", "the rulers were themselves rebels .", "there is a real relation between this religion in private and this revolution in public life .", "stories none the less heroic for being hackneyed remind us that the republic was founded on a tyrannicide that avenged an insult to a wife ; that the tribunes of the people were re - established after another which avenged an insult to a daughter .", "the truth is that only men to whom the family is sacred will ever have a standard or a status by which to criticise the state .", "they alone can appeal to something more holy than the gods of the city ; the gods of the hearth .", "that is why men are mystified in seeing that the same nations that are thought rigid in domesticity are also thought restless in politics , for instance the irish and the french .", "it is worth while to dwell on this domestic point because it is an exact example of what is meant here by the inside of history , like the inside of houses .", "merely political histories of rome may be right enough in saying that this or that was a cynical or cruel act of the roman politicians ; but the spirit that lifted rome from beneath was the spirit of all the romans ; and it is not a cant to call it the ideal of cincinnatus passing from the senate to the plough .", "men of that sort had strengthened their village on every side , had extended its victories already over italians and even over greeks , when they found themselves confronted with a war that changed the world .", "i have called it here the war of the gods and demons .", "there was established on the opposite coast of the inland sea a city that bore the name of the new town .", "it was already much older , more powerful , and more prosperous than the italian town ; but there still remained about it an atmosphere that made the name not inappropriate .", "it had been called new because it was a colony like new york or new zealand .", "it was an outpost or settlement of the energy and expansion of the great commercial cities of tyre and sidon .", "there was a note of the new countries and colonies about it , a confident and commercial outlook .", "it was fond of saying things that rang with a certain metallic assurance ; as that nobody could wash his hands in the sea without the leave of the new town .", "for it depended almost entirely on the greatness of its ships , as did the two great ports and markets from which its people came .", "it brought from tyre and sidon a prodigious talent for trade and considerable experience of travel .", "it brought other things as well .", "the first stages of the political or commercial quarrel can be followed in far too much detail , precisely because it is merely political or commercial .", "the punic wars looked at one time as if they would never end ; and it is not easy to say when they ever began .", "the greeks and the sicilians had already been fighting vaguely on the european side against the african city .", "carthage had defeated greece and conquered sicily .", "carthage had also planted herself firmly in spain ; and between spain and sicily the latin city was contained and would have been crushed ; if the romans had been of the sort to be easily crushed .", "yet the interest of the story really consists in the fact that rome was crushed .", "if there had not been certain moral elements as well as the material elements , the story would have ended where carthage certainly thought it had ended .", "it is common enough to blame rome for not making peace .", "but it was a true popular instinct that there could be no peace with that sort of people .", "it is common enough to blame the roman for his delenda est carthago ; carthage must be destroyed .", "it is commoner to forget that , to all appearance , rome itself was destroyed .", "the sacred savour that hung round rome for ever , it is too often forgotten , clung to her partly because she had risen suddenly from the dead .", "carthage was an aristocracy , as are most of such mercantile states .", "the pressure of the rich on the poor was impersonal as well as irresistible .", "for such aristocracies never permit personal government , which is perhaps why this one was jealous of personal talent .", "but genius can turn up anywhere , even in a governing class .", "as if to make the world ' s supreme test as terrible as possible , it was ordained that one of the great houses of carthage should produce a man who came out of those gilded palaces with all the energy and originality of napoleon coming from nowhere .", "at the worst crisis of the war rome learned that italy itself , by a military miracle , was invaded from the north .", "hannibal , the grace of baal as his name ran in his own tongue , had dragged a ponderous chain of armaments over the starry solitudes of the alps ; and pointed southward to the city which he had been pledged by all his dreadful gods to destroy .", "hannibal marched down the road to rome , and the romans who rushed to war with him felt as if they were fighting with a magician .", "two great armies sank to right and left of him into the swamps of the trebia ; more and more were sucked into the horrible whirlpool of cannae ; more and more went forth only to fall in ruin at his touch .", "the supreme sign of all disasters , which is treason , turned tribe after tribe against the falling cause of rome , and still the unconquerable enemy rolled nearer and nearer to the city ; and following their great leader the swelling cosmopolitan army of carthage passed like a pageant of the whole world ; the elephants shaking the earth like marching mountains and the gigantic gauls with their barbaric panoply and the dark spaniards girt in gold and the brown numidians on their unbridled desert horses wheeling and darting like hawks , and whole mobs of deserters and mercenaries and miscellaneous peoples ; and the grace of baal went before them .", "the roman augurs and scribes who said in that hour that it brought forth unearthly prodigies , that a child was born with the head of an elephant or that stars fell down like hailstones , had a far more philosophical grasp of what had really happened than the modern historian who can see nothing in it but a success of strategy concluding a rivalry in commerce .", "something far different was felt at the time and on the spot , as it is always felt by those who experience a foreign atmosphere entering their own like a fog or a foul savour .", "it was no mere military defeat , it was certainly no mere mercantile rivalry , that filled the roman imagination with such hideous omens of nature herself becoming unnatural .", "it was moloch upon the mountain of the latins , looking with his appalling face across the plain ; it was baal who trampled the vineyards with his feet of stone ; it was the voice of tanit the invisible , behind her trailing veils , whispering of the love that is more horrible than hate .", "the burning of the italian cornfields , the ruin of the italian vines , were some thing more than actual ; they were allegorical .", "they were the destruction of domestic and fruitful things , the withering of what was human before that inhumanity that is far beyond the human thing called cruelty .", "the household gods bowed low in darkness under their lowly roofs ; and above them went the demons upon a wind from beyond all walls , blowing the trumpet of the tramontane .", "the door of the alps was broken down ; and in no vulgar but a very solemn sense , it was hell let loose .", "the war of the gods and demons seemed already to have ended ; and the gods were dead .", "the eagles were lost , the legions were broken ; and in rome nothing remained but honour and the cold courage of despair .", "in the whole world one thing still threatened carthage , and that was carthage .", "there still remained the inner working of an element strong in all successful commercial states , and the presence of a spirit that we know .", "there was still the solid sense and shrewdness of the men who manage big enterprises ; there was still the advice of the best financial experts ; there was still business government ; there was still the broad and sane outlook of practical men of affairs , and in these things could the romans hope .", "as the war trailed on to what seemed its tragic end , there grew gradually a faint and strange possibility that even now they might not hope in vain .", "the plain business men of carthage , thinking as such men do in terms of living and dying races , saw clearly that rome was not only dying but dead .", "the war was over ; it was obviously hopeless for the italian city to resist any longer , and inconceivable that anybody should resist when it was hopeless .", "under these circumstances , another set of broad , sound business principles remained to be considered .", "wars were waged with money , and consequently cost money ; perhaps they felt in their hearts , as do so many of their kind , that after all war must be a little wicked because it costs money .", "the time had now come for peace ; and still more for economy .", "the messages sent by hannibal from time to time asking for reinforcements were a ridiculous anachronism ; there were much more important things to attend to now .", "it might be true that some consul or other had made a last dash to the metaurus , had killed hannibal ' s brother and flung his head , with latin fury , into hannibal ' s camp ; and mad actions of that sort showed how utterly hopeless the latins felt about their cause .", "but even excitable latins could not be so mad as to cling to a lost cause for ever .", "so argued the best financial experts ; and tossed aside more and more letters , full of rather queer alarmist reports .", "so argued and acted the great carthaginian empire .", "that meaningless prejudice , the curse of commercial states , that stupidity is in some way practical and that genius is in some way futile , led them to starve and abandon that great artist in the school of arms , whom the gods had given them in vain .", "why do men entertain this queer idea that what is sordid must always overthrow what is magnanimous ; that there is some dim connection between brains and brutality , or that it does not matter if a man is dull so long as he is also mean ?", "why do they vaguely think of all chivalry as sentiment and all sentiment as weakness ?", "they do it because they are , like all men , primarily inspired by religion .", "for them , as for all men , the first fact is their notion of the nature of things ; their idea about what world they are living in .", "and it is their faith that the only ultimate thing is fear and therefore that the very heart of the world is evil .", "they believe that death is stronger than life , and therefore dead things must be stronger than living things ; whether those dead things are gold and iron and machinery or rocks and rivers and forces of nature .", "it may sound fanciful to say that men we meet at tea - tables or talk to at garden - parties are secretly worshippers of baal or moloch .", "but this sort of commercial mind has its own cosmic vision and it is the vision of carthage .", "it has in it the brutal blunder that was the ruin of carthage .", "the punic power fell because there is in this materialism a mad indifference to real thought .", "by disbelieving in the soul , it comes to disbelieving in the mind .", "being too practical to be moral , it denies what every practical soldier calls the moral of an army .", "it fancies that money will fight when men will no longer fight .", "so it was with the punic merchant princes .", "their religion was a religion of despair , even when their practical fortunes were hopeful .", "how could they understand that the romans could hope even when their fortunes were hopeless ?", "their religion was a religion of force and fear ; how could they understand that men can still despise fear even when they submit to force ?", "their philosophy of the world had weariness in its very heart ; above all they were weary of warfare ; how should they understand those who still wage war even when they are weary of it ?", "in a word , how should they understand the mind of man , who had so long bowed down before mindless things , money and brute force and gods who had the hearts of beasts ?", "they awoke suddenly to the news that the embers they had disdained too much even to tread out were again breaking everywhere into flames ; that hasdrubal was defeated , that hannibal was outnumbered , that scipio had carried the war into spain ; that he had carried it into africa .", "before the very gates of the golden city hannibal fought his last fight for it and lost ; and carthage fell as nothing has fallen since satan .", "the name of the new city remains only as a name .", "there is no stone of it left upon the sand .", "another war was indeed waged before the final destruction : but the destruction was final .", "only men digging in its deep foundation centuries after found a heap of hundreds of little skeletons , the holy relics of that religion .", "for carthage fell because she was faithful to her own philosophy and had followed out to its logical conclusion her own vision of the universe .", "moloch had eaten his children .", "i was once sitting on a summer day in a meadow in kent under the shadow of a little village church , with a rather curious companion with whom i had just been walking through the woods .", "he was one of a group of eccentrics i had come across in my wanderings who had a new religion called higher thought ; in which i had been so far initiated as to realise a general atmosphere of loftiness or height , and was hoping at some later and more esoteric stage to discover the beginnings of thought .", "my companion was the most amusing of them , for however he may have stood towards thought , he was at least very much their superior in experience , having travelled beyond the tropics while they were meditating in the suburbs ; though he had been charged with excess in telling travellers ' tales .", "in spite of anything said against him , i preferred him to his companions and willingly went with him through the wood ; where i could not but feel that his sunburnt face and fierce tufted eyebrows and pointed beard gave him something of the look of pan .", "then we sat down in the meadow and gazed idly at the tree - tops and the spire of the village church ; while the warm afternoon began to mellow into early evening and the song of a speck of a bird was faint far up in the sky and no more than a whisper of breeze soothed rather than stirred the ancient orchards of the garden of england .", "then my companion said to me : ' do you know why the spire of that church goes up like that , i expressed a respectable agnosticism , and he answered in an off - hand way , ' oh , the same as the obelisks ; the phallic worship of antiquity . '", "then i looked across at him suddenly as he lay there leering above his goatlike beard ; and for the moment i thought he was not pan but the devil .", "no mortal words can express the immense , the insane incongruity and unnatural perversion of thought involved in saying such a thing at such a moment and in such a place .", "for one moment i was in the mood in which men burned witches ; and then a sense of absurdity equally enormous seemed to open about me like a dawn . '", "why , of course , ' i said after a moment ' s reflection , ' if it hadn ' t been for phallic worship , they would have built the spire pointing downwards and standing on its own apex . '", "i could have sat in that field and laughed for an hour .", "my friend did not seem offended , for indeed he was never thin - skinned about his scientific discoveries .", "i had only met him by chance and i never met him again , and i believe he is now dead ; but though it has nothing to do with the argument , it may be worth while to mention the name of this adherent of higher thought and interpreter of primitive religious origins ; or at any rate the name by which he was known .", "it was louis de rougemont .", "that insane image of the kentish church standing on the point of its spire , as in some old rustic , topsy - turvy tale , always comes back into my imagination when i hear these things said about pagan origins ; and calls to my aid the laughter of the giants .", "then i feel as genially and charitably to all other scientific investigators , higher critics , and authorities on ancient and modern religion , as i do to poor louis de rougemont .", "but the memory of that immense absurdity remains as a sort of measure and check by which to keep sane , not only on the subject of christian churches , but also on the subject of heathen temples .", "now a great many people have talked about heathen origins as the distinguished traveller talked about christian origins .", "indeed a great many modern heathens have been very hard on heathenism .", "a great many modern humanitarians have been very hard on the real religion of humanity .", "they have represented it as being everywhere and from the first rooted only in these repulsive arcana ; and carrying the character of something utterly shameless and anarchical .", "now i do not believe this for a moment .", "i should never dream of thinking about the whole worship of apollo what de rougemont could think about the worship of christ .", "i would never admit that there was such an atmosphere in a greek city as that madman was able to smell in a kentish village .", "on the contrary , it is the whole point , even of this final chapter upon the final decay of paganism , to insist once more that the worst sort of paganism had already been defeated by the best sort .", "it was the best sort of paganism that conquered the gold of carthage .", "it was the best sort of paganism that wore the laurels of rome .", "it was the best thing the world had yet seen , all things considered and on any large scale , that ruled from the wall of the grampians to the garden of the euphrates .", "it was the best that conquered ; it was the best that ruled ; and it was the best that began to decay .", "unless this broad truth be grasped , the whole story is seen askew .", "pessimism is not in being tired of evil but in being tired of good .", "despair does not lie in being weary of suffering , but in being weary of joy .", "it is when for some reason or other the good things in a society no longer work that the society begins to decline ; when its food does not feed , when its cures do not cure , when its blessings refuse to bless .", "we might almost say that in a society without such good things we should hardly have any test by which to register a decline ; that is why some of the static commercial oligarchies like carthage have rather an air in history of standing and staring like mummies , so dried up and swathed and embalmed that no man knows when they are new or old .", "but carthage at any rate was dead , and the worst assault ever made by the demons on mortal society had been defeated .", "but how much would it matter that the worst was dead if the best was dying ?", "to begin with , it must be noted that the relation of rome to carthage was partially repeated and extended in her relation to nations more normal and more nearly akin to her than carthage .", "i am not here concerned to controvert the merely political view that roman statesmen acted unscrupulously towards corinth or the greek cities .", "but i am concerned to contradict the notion that there was nothing but a hypocritical excuse in the ordinary roman dislike of greek cities .", "i am not presenting these pagans as paladins of chivalry , with a sentiment about nationalism never known until christian times .", "but i am presenting them as men with the feelings of men ; and those feelings were not a pretence .", "the truth is that one of the weaknesses in nature - worship and mere mythology had already produced a perversion among the greeks due to the worst sophistry ; the sophistry of simplicity .", "just as they became unnatural by worshipping nature , so they actually became unmanly by worshipping man .", "if greece led her conqueror , she might have misled her conqueror ; but these were things he did originally wish to conquer - - ever in himself .", "it is true that in one sense there was less inhumanity even in sodom and gomorrah than in tyre and sidon .", "when we consider the war of the demons on the children , we cannot compare even greek decadence to punic devil - worship .", "but it is not true that the sincere revulsion from either need be merely pharisaical .", "it is not true to human nature or to common sense .", "let any lad who has had the luck to grow up sane and simple in his day - dreams of love hear for the first time of the cult of ganymede ; he will not be merely shocked but sickened .", "and that first impression , as has been said here so often about first impressions , will be right .", "our cynical indifference is an illusion ; it is the greatest of all illusions ; the illusion of familiarity .", "it is right to conceive the more or less rustic virtues of the ruck of the original romans as reacting against the very rumour of it , with complete spontaneity and sincerity .", "it is right to regard them as reacting , if in a lesser degree , exactly as they did against the cruelty of carthage .", "because it was in a less degree they did not destroy corinth as they destroyed carthage .", "but if their attitude and action was rather destructive , in neither case need their indignation have been mere self - righteousness covering mere selfishness .", "and if anybody insists that nothing could have operated in either case but reasons of state and commercial conspiracies , we can only tell him that there is something which he does not understand ; something which possibly he will never understand ; something which , until he does understand , he will never understand the latins .", "that something is called democracy .", "he has probably heard the word a good many times and even used it himself ; but he has no notion of what it means .", "all through the revolutionary history of rome there was an incessant drive towards democracy ; the state and the statesman could do nothing without a considerable backing of democracy ; the sort of democracy that never has anything to do with diplomacy .", "it is precisely because of the presence of roman democracy that we hear so much about roman oligarchy .", "for instance , recent historians have tried to explain the valour and victory of rome in terms of that detestable and detested usury which was practised by some of the patricians ; as if curius had conquered the men of the macedonian phalanx by lending them money ; or the consul nero had negotiated the victory of metaurus at five per cent .", "but we realise the usury of the patricians because of the perpetual revolt of the plebeians .", "the rule of the punic merchant princes had the very soul of usury .", "but there was never a punic mob that dared to call them usurers .", "burdened like all mortal things with all mortal sin and weakness , the rise of rome had really been the rise of normal and especially of popular things ; and in nothing more than in the thoroughly normal and profoundly popular hatred of perversion .", "now among the greeks a perversion had become a convention .", "it is true that it had become so much of a convention , especially a literary convention , that it was sometimes conventionally copied by roman literary men .", "but this is one of those complications that always arise out of conventions .", "it must not obscure our sense of the difference of tone in the two societies as a whole .", "it is true that virgil would once in a way take over a theme of theocritus ; but nobody can get the impression that virgil was particularly fond of that theme .", "the themes of virgil were specially and notably the normal themes and nowhere more than in morals ; piety and patriotism and the honour of the countryside .", "and we may well pause upon the name of the poet as we pass into the autumn of antiquity ; upon his name who was in so supreme a sense the very voice of autumn of its maturity and its melancholy ; of its fruits of fulfilment and its prospect of decay .", "nobody who reads even a few lines of virgil can doubt that he understood what moral sanity means to mankind .", "nobody can doubt his feelings when the demons were driven in flight before the household gods .", "but there are two particular points about him and his work which are particularly important to the main thesis here .", "the first is that the whole of his great patriotic epic is in a very peculiar sense founded upon the fall of troy ; that is upon an avowed pride in troy although she had fallen .", "in tracing to trojans the foundation of his beloved race and republic , he began what may be called the great trojan tradition which runs through medieval and modern history .", "we have already seen the first hint of it in the pathos of homer about hector .", "but virgil turned it not merely into a literature but into a legend .", "and it was a legend of the almost divine dignity that belongs to the defeated .", "this was one of the traditions that did truly prepare the world for the coming of christianity and especially of christian chivalry .", "this is what did help to sustain civilisation through the incessant defeats of the dark ages and the barbarian wars ; out of which what we call chivalry was born .", "it is the moral attitude of the man with his back to the wall ; and it was the wall of troy .", "all through medieval and modern times this version of the virtues in the homeric conflict can be traced in a hundred ways co - operating with all that was akin to it in christian sentiment .", "our own countrymen , and the men of other countries , loved to claim like virgil that their own nation was descended from the heroic trojans .", "all sorts of people thought it the most superb sort of heraldry to claim to be descended from hector .", "nobody seems to have wanted to be descended from achilles .", "the very fact that the trojan name has become a christian name , and been scattered to the last limits of christendom , to ireland or the gaelic highlands , while the greek name has remained relatively rare and pedantic , is a tribute to the same truth .", "indeed it involves a curiosity of language almost in the nature of a joke .", "the name has been turned into a verb ; and the very phrase about hectoring , in the sense of swaggering , suggests the myriads of soldiers who have taken the fallen trojan for a model .", "as a matter of fact , nobody in antiquity was less given to hectoring than hector .", "but even the bully pretending to be a conqueror took his title from the conquered .", "that is why the popularisation of the trojan origin by virgil has a vital relation to all those elements that have made men say that virgil was almost a christian .", "it is almost as if two great tools or toys of the same timber , the divine and the human , had been in the hands of providence ; and the only thing comparable to the wooden cross of calvary was the wooden horse of troy .", "so , in some wild allegory , pious in purpose if almost profane in form , the holy child might have fought the dragon with a wooden sword and a wooden horse .", "the other element in virgil which is essential to the argument is the particular nature of his relation to mythology ; or what may here in a special sense be called folklore , the faiths and fancies of the populace .", "everybody knows that his poetry at its most perfect is less concerned with the pomposity of olympus than with the numina of natural and agricultural life .", "everyone knows where virgil looked for the causes of things .", "he speaks of finding them not so much in cosmic allegories of uranus and chronos ; but rather in pan and the sisterhood of the nymphs and sylvanus the old man of the forest .", "he is perhaps most himself in some passages of the eclogues , in which he has perpetuated for ever the great legend of arcadia and the shepherds .", "here again it is easy enough to miss the point with petty criticism about all the things that happen to separate his literary convention from ours .", "there is nothing more artificial than the cry of artificiality as directed against the old pastoral poetry .", "we have entirely missed all that our fathers meant by looking at the externals of what they wrote .", "people have been so much amused with the mere fact that the china shepherdess was made of china that they have not even asked why she was made at all .", "they have been so content to consider the merry peasant as a figure in an opera that they have not asked even how he came to go to the opera , or how he strayed on to the stage .", "in short , one have only to ask why there is a china shepherdess and not a china shopkeeper .", "why were not mantelpieces adorned with figures of city merchants in elegant attitudes ; of ironmasters wrought in iron or gold speculators in gold ?", "why did the opera exhibit a merry peasant and not a merry politician ?", "why was there not a ballet of bankers , pirouetting upon pointed toes ?", "because the ancient instinct and humour of humanity have always told them , under whatever conventions , that the conventions of complex cities were less really healthy and happy than the customs of the countryside .", "so it is with the eternity of the eclogues .", "a modern poet did indeed write things called fleet street eclogues , in which poets took the place of the shepherds .", "but nobody has yet written anything called wall street eclogues , in which millionaires should take the place of the poets .", "and the reason is that there is a real if only a recurrent yearning for that sort of simplicity ; and there is never that sort of yearning for that sort of complexity .", "the key to the mystery of the merry peasant is that the peasant often is merry .", "those who do not believe it are simply those who do not know anything about him , and therefore do not know which are his times for merriment .", "those who do not believe in the shepherd ' s feast or song are merely ignorant of the shepherd ' s calendar .", "the real shepherd is indeed very different from the ideal shepherd , but that is no reason for forgetting the reality at the root of the ideal .", "it needs a truth to make a tradition .", "it needs a tradition to make a convention .", "pastoral poetry is certainly often a convention , especially in a social decline .", "it was in a social decline that watteau shepherds and shepherdesses lounged about the gardens of versailles .", "it was also in a social decline that shepherds and shepherdesses continued to pipe and dance through the most faded imitations of virgil .", "but that is no reason for dismissing the dying paganism without ever understanding its life .", "it is no reason for forgetting that the very word pagan is the same as the word peasant .", "we may say that this art is only artificiality ; but it is not a love of the artificial .", "on the contrary , it is in its very nature only the failure of nature - worship , or the love of the natural for the shepherds were dying because their gods were dying .", "paganism lived upon poetry ; that poetry already considered under the name of mythology .", "but everywhere , and especially in italy , it had been a mythology and a poetry rooted in the countryside ; and that rustic religion had been largely responsible for the rustic happiness .", "only as the whole society grew in age and experience , there began to appear that weakness in all mythology already noted in the chapter under that name .", "this religion was not quite a religion .", "in other words , this religion was not quite a reality .", "it was the young world ' s riot with images and ideas like a young man ' s riot with wine or love - making ; it was not so much immoral as irresponsible ; it had no foresight of the final test of time .", "because it was creative to any extent it was credulous to any extent .", "it belonged to the artistic side of man , yet even considered artistically it had long become overloaded and entangled .", "the family trees sprung from the seed of jupiter were a jungle rather than a forest ; the claims of the gods and demi - gods seemed like things to be settled rather by a lawyer or a professional herald than by a poet .", "but it is needless to say that it was not only in the artistic sense that these things had grown more anarchic .", "there had appeared in more and more flagrant fashion that flower of evil that is really implicit in the very seed of nature - worship , however natural it may seem .", "i have said that i do not believe that natural worship necessarily begins with this particular passion ; i am not of the de rougemont school of scientific folk - lore .", "i do not believe that mythology must begin with eroticism .", "but i do believe that mythology must end in it .", "i am quite certain that mythology did end in it .", "moreover , not only did the poetry grow more immoral , but the immorality grew more indefensible .", "greek vices , oriental vices , hints of the old horrors of the semitic demons began to fill the fancies of decaying rome , swarming like flies on a dung heap .", "the psychology of it is really human enough to anyone who will try that experiment of seeing history from the inside .", "there comes an hour in the afternoon when the child is tired of ' pretending ' ; when he is weary of being a robber or a red indian .", "it is then that he torments the cat .", "there comes a time in the routine of an ordered civilisation when the man is tired at playing at mythology and pretending that a tree is a maiden or that the moon made love to a man .", "the effect of this staleness is the same everywhere ; it is seen in all drug - taking and dram - drinking and every form of the tendency to increase the dose .", "men seek stranger sins or more startling obscenities as stimulants to their jaded sense .", "they seek after mad oriental religions for the same reason .", "they try to stab their nerves to life , if it were with the knives of the priests of baal .", "they are walking in their sleep and try to wake themselves up with nightmares .", "at that stage even of paganism therefore the peasant songs and dances sound fainter and fainter in the forest .", "for one thing the peasant civilisation was fading , or had already faded from the whole countryside .", "the empire at the end was organised more and more on that servile system which generally goes with the boast of organisation , indeed it was almost as senile as the modern schemes for the organisation of industry .", "it is proverbial that what would once have been a peasantry became a mere populace of the town dependent for bread and circuses ; which may again suggest to some a mob dependent upon doles and cinemas .", "in this as in many other respects the modern return to heathenism has been a return not even to the heathen youth but rather to the heathen old age .", "but the causes of it were spiritual in both cases ; and especially the spirit of paganism had departed with its familiar spirits .", "the heat had gone out of it with its household gods , who went along with the gods of the garden and the field and the forest .", "the old man of the forest was too old ; he was already dying .", "it is said truly in a sense that pan died because christ was born .", "it is almost as true in another sense that men knew that christ was born because pan was already dead .", "a void was made by the vanishing of the whole mythology of mankind , which would have asphyxiated like a vacuum if it had not been filled with theology .", "but the point for the moment is that the mythology could not have lasted like a theology in any case .", "theology is thought , whether we agree with it or not .", "mythology was never thought , and nobody could really agree with it or disagree with it .", "it was a mere mood of glamour and when the mood went it could not be recovered .", "men not only ceased to believe in the gods , but they realised that they had never believed in them .", "they had sung their praises ; they had danced round their altars .", "they had played the flute ; they had played the fool .", "so came the twilight upon arcady and the last notes of the pipe sound sadly from the beechen grove .", "in the great virgilian poems there is already something of the sadness ; but the loves and the household gods linger in lovely lines like that which mr . belloc took for a test of understanding ; incipe parve puer risu cognoscere matrem .", "but with them as with us , the human family itself began to break down under servile organisation and the herding of the towns .", "the urban mob became enlightened ; that is it lost the mental energy that could create myths .", "all round the circle of the mediterranean cities the people mourned for the loss of gods and were consoled with gladiators .", "and meanwhile something similar was happening to that intellectual aristocracy of antiquity that had been walking about and talking at large ever since socrates and pythagoras .", "they began to betray to the world the fact that they were walking in a circle and saying the same thing over and over again .", "philosophy began to be a joke ; it also began to be a bore .", "that unnatural simplification of everything into one system or another , which we have noted as the fault of the philosopher , revealed at once its finality and its futility .", "everything was virtue or everything was happiness or everything was fate or everything was good or everything was bad ; anyhow , everything was everything and there was no more to be said ; so they said it .", "everywhere the sages had degenerated into sophists ; that is , into hired rhetoricians or askers of riddles .", "it is one of the symptoms of this that the sage begins to turn not only into a sophist but into a magician .", "a touch of oriental occultism is very much appreciated in the best houses .", "as the philosopher is already a society entertainer , he may as well also be a conjurer .", "many moderns have insisted on the smallness of that mediterranean world ; and the wider horizons that might have awaited it with the discovery of the other continents .", "but this is an illusion , one of the many illusions of materialism .", "the limits that paganism had reached in europe were the limits of human existence ; at its best it had only reached the same limits anywhere else .", "the roman stoics did not need any chinamen to teach them stoicism .", "the pythagoreans did not need any hindus to teach them about recurrence or the simple life or the beauty of being a vegetarian .", "in so far as they could get these things from the east , they had already got rather too much of them from the east .", "the syncretists were as convinced as theosophists that all religions are really the same .", "and how else could they have extended philosophy merely by extending geography ?", "it can hardly be proposed that they should learn a purer religion from the aztecs or sit at the feet of the incas of peru .", "all the rest of the world was a welter of barbarism .", "it is essential to recognise that the roman empire was recognised as the highest achievement of the human race ; and also as the broadest .", "a dreadful secret seemed to be written as in obscure hieroglyphics across those mighty works of marble and stone , those colossal amphitheatres and aqueducts .", "man could do no more .", "for it was not the message blazed on the babylonian wall , that one king was found wanting or his one kingdom given to a stranger .", "it was no such good news as the news of invasion and conquest .", "there was nothing left that could conquer rome ; but there was also nothing left that could improve it .", "it was the strongest thing that was growing weak .", "it was the best thing that was going to the bad .", "it is necessary to insist again and again that many civilisations had met in one civilisation of the mediterranean sea ; that it was already universal with a stale and sterile universality .", "the peoples had pooled their resources and still there was not enough .", "the empires had gone into partnership and they were still bankrupt .", "no philosopher who was really philosophical could think anything except that , in that central sea , the wave of the world had risen to its highest , seeming to touch the stars .", "but the wave was already stooping ; for it was only the wave of the world .", "here begins , it is needless to say , another mighty influence for the humanisation of christendom .", "if the world wanted what is called a non - controversial aspect of christianity , it would probably select christmas .", "yet it is obviously bound up with what is supposed to be a controversial aspect ( i could never at any stage of my opinions imagine why ) ; the respect paid to the blessed virgin .", "when i was a boy a more puritan generation objected to a statue upon my parish church representing the virgin and child .", "after much controversy , they compromised by taking away the child .", "one would think that this was even more corrupted with mariolatry , unless the mother was counted less dangerous when deprived of a sort of weapon .", "but the practical difficulty is also a parable .", "you cannot chip away the statue of a mother from all round that of a new - born child .", "you can not suspend the new - born child in mid - air ; indeed you cannot really have a statue of a new - born child at all .", "similarly , you cannot suspend the idea of a new - born child in the void or think of him without thinking of his mother .", "you cannot visit the child without visiting the mother ; you cannot in common human life approach the child except through the mother .", "if we are to think of christ in this aspect at all , the other idea follows as it is followed in history .", "we must either leave christ out of christmas , or christmas out of christ , or we must admit , if only as we admit it in an old picture , that those holy heads are too near together for the haloes not to mingle and cross .", "and the reason for this also refers to the very nature of that new world .", "it was in a sense the difficulty of a new dimension .", "christ was not only born on the level of the world , but even lower than the world .", "the first act of the divine drama was enacted , not only on no stage set up above the sight - seer , but on a dark and curtained stage sunken out of sight ; and that is an idea very difficult to express in most modes of artistic expression .", "it is the idea of simultaneous happenings on different levels of life .", "something like it might have been attempted in the more archaic and decorative medieval art .", "but the more the artists learned of realism and perspective , the less they could depict at once the angels in the heavens and the shepherds on the hills , and the glory in the darkness that was under the hills .", "perhaps it could have been best conveyed by the characteristic expedient of some of the medieval guilds , when they wheeled about the streets a theatre with three stages one above the other , with heaven above the earth and hell under the earth .", "but in the riddle of bethlehem it was heaven that was under the earth .", "there is in that alone the touch of a revolution , as of the world turned upside down .", "it would be vain to attempt to say anything adequate , or anything new , about the change which this conception of a deity born like an outcast or even an outlaw had upon the whole conception of law and its duties to the poor and outcast .", "it is profoundly true to say that after that moment there could be no slaves .", "there could be and were people bearing that legal title , until the church was strong enough to weed them out , but there could be no more of the pagan repose in the mere advantage to the state of keeping it a servile state .", "individuals became important , in a sense in which no instruments can be important .", "a man could not be a means to an end , at any rate to any other man ' s end .", "all this popular and fraternal element in the story has been rightly attached by tradition to the episode of the shepherds ; the hinds who found themselves talking face to face with the princes of heaven .", "but there is another aspect of the popular element as represented by the shepherds which has not perhaps been so fully developed ; and which is more directly relevant here .", "men of the people , like the shepherds , men of the popular tradition , had everywhere been the makers of the mythologies .", "it was they who had felt most directly , with least check or chill from philosophy or the corrupt cults of civilisation , the need we have already considered ; the images that were adventures of the imagination ; the mythology that was a sort of search ; the tempting and tantalising hints of something half - human in nature ; the dumb significance of seasons and special places .", "they had best understood that the soul of a landscape is a story and the soul of a story is a personality .", "but rationalism had already begun to rot away these really irrational though imaginative treasures of the peasant ; even as systematic slavery had eaten the peasant out of house and home .", "upon all such peasantries everywhere there was descending a dusk and twilight of disappointment , in the hour when these few men discovered what they sought .", "everywhere else arcadia was fading from the forest .", "pan was dead and the shepherds were scattered like sheep .", "and though no man knew it , the hour was near which was to end and to fulfil all things ; and though no man heard it , there was one far - off cry in an unknown tongue upon the heaving wilderness of the mountains .", "the shepherds had found their shepherd .", "such learned men would doubtless have come , as these learned men did come , to find themselves confirmed in much that was true in their own traditions and right in their own reasoning .", "confucius would have found a new foundation for the family in the very reversal of the holy family ; buddha would have looked upon a new renunciation , of stars rather than jewels and divinity than royalty .", "these learned men would still have the right to say , or rather a new right to say , that there was truth in their old teaching .", "but after all these learned men would have come to learn .", "they would have come to complete their conceptions with something they had not yet conceived ; even to balance their imperfect universe with something they might once have contradicted .", "buddha would have come from his impersonal paradise to worship a person .", "confucius would have come from his temples of ancestor - worship to worship a child .", "here it is the important point that the magi , who stand for mysticism and philosophy , are truly conceived as seeking something new and even as finding something unexpected .", "that tense sense of crisis which still tingles in the christmas story and even in every christmas celebration , accentuates the idea of a search and a discovery .", "the discovery is , in this case , truly a scientific discovery .", "for the other mystical figures in the miracle play ; for the angel and the mother , the shepherds and the soldiers of herod , there may be aspects both simpler and more supernatural , more elemental or more emotional .", "but the wise men must be seeking wisdom , and for them there must be a light also in the intellect .", "and this is the light ; that the catholic creed is catholic and that nothing else is catholic .", "the philosophy of the church is universal .", "the philosophy of the philosophers was not universal .", "had plato and pythagoras and aristotle stood for an instant in the light that came out of that little cave , they would have known that their own light was not universal .", "it is far from certain , indeed , that they did not know it already .", "philosophy also , like mythology , had very much the air of a search .", "it is the realisation of this truth that gives its traditional majesty and mystery to the figures of the three kings ; the discovery that religion is broader than philosophy and that this is the broadest of religions , contained within this narrow space .", "the magicians were gazing at the strange pentacle with the human triangle reversed ; and they have never come to the end of their calculations about it .", "for it is the paradox of that group in the cave , that while our emotions about it are of childish simplicity , our thoughts about it can branch with a never - ending complexity .", "and we can never reach the end even of our own ideas about the child who was a father and the mother who was a child .", "we might well be content to say that mythology had come with the shepherds and philosophy with the philosophers ; and that it only remained for them to combine in the recognisation of religion .", "but there was a third element that must not be ignored and one which that religion for ever refuses to ignore , in any revel or reconciliation .", "there was present in the primary scenes of the drama that enemy that had rotted the legends with lust and frozen theories into atheism , but which answered the direct challenge with something of that more direct method which we have seen in the conscious cult of the demons .", "in the description of that demon - worship , of the devouring detestation of innocence shown in the works of its witchcraft and the most inhuman of its human sacrifice , i have said less of its incorrect and secret penetration of the saner paganism ; the soaking of mythological imagination with sex ; the rise of imperial pride into insanity .", "but both the indirect and the direct influence make themselves felt in the drama of bethlehem .", "a ruler under the roman suzerainty , probably equipped and surrounded with the roman ornament and order though himself of eastern blood , seems in that hour to have felt stirring within him the spirit of strange things .", "we all know the story of how herod , alarmed at some rumour of a mysterious rival , remembered the wild gesture of the capricious despots of asia and ordered a massacre of suspects of the new generation of the populace .", "everyone knows the story ; but not everyone has perhaps noted its place in the story of the strange religions of men .", "not everybody has seen the significance even of its very contrast with the corinthian columns and roman pavement of that conquered and superficially civilised world .", "only , as the purpose in his dark spirit began to show and shine in the eyes of the idumean , a seer might perhaps have seen something like a great grey ghost that looked over his shoulder ; have seen behind him filling the dome of night and hovering for the last time over history , that vast and fearful face that was moloch of the carthaginians ; awaiting his last tribute from a ruler of the races of shem .", "the demons also , in that first festival of christmas , feasted after their own fashion .", "unless we understand the presence of that enemy , we shall not only miss the point of christianity , but even miss the point of christmas .", "christmas for us in christendom has become one thing , and in one sense even a simple thing .", "but like all the truths of that tradition , it is in another sense a very complex thing .", "its unique note is the simultaneous striking of many notes ; of humility , of gaiety , of gratitude , of mystical fear , but also of vigilance and of drama .", "it is not only an occasion for the peacemakers any more than for the merry - makers ; it is not only a hindu peace conference any more than it is only a scandinavian winter feast .", "there is something defiant in it also ; something that makes the abrupt bells at midnight sound like the great guns of a battle that has just been won .", "all this indescribable thing that we call the christmas atmosphere only hangs in the air as something like a lingering fragrance or fading vapour from the exultant explosion of that one hour in the judean hills nearly two thousand years ago .", "but the savour is still unmistakable , and it is something too subtle or too solitary to be covered by our use of the word peace .", "by the very nature of the story the rejoicings in the cavern were rejoicings in a fortress or an outlaw ' s den ; properly understood it is not unduly flippant to say they were rejoicings in a dug - out .", "it is not only true that such a subterranean chamber was a hiding - place from enemies ; and that the enemies were already scouring the stony plain that lay above it like a sky .", "it is not only that the very horse - hoofs of herod might in that sense have passed like thunder over the sunken head of christ .", "it is also that there is in that image a true idea of an outpost , of a piercing through the rock and an entrance into an enemy territory .", "there is in this buried divinity an idea of undermining the world ; of shaking the towers and palaces from below ; even as herod the great king felt that earthquake under him and swayed with his swaying palace .", "that is perhaps the mightiest of the mysteries of the cave .", "it is already apparent that though men are said to have looked for hell under the earth , in this case it is rather heaven that is under the earth .", "and there follows in this strange story the idea of an upheaval of heaven .", "that is the paradox of the whole position ; that henceforth the highest thing can only work from below .", "royalty can only return to its own by a sort of rebellion .", "indeed the church from its beginnings , and perhaps especially in its beginnings , was not so much a principality as a revolution against the prince of the world .", "this sense that the world had been conquered by the great usurper , and was in his possession , has been much deplored or derided by those optimists who identify enlightenment with ease .", "but it was responsible for all that thrill of defiance and a beautiful danger that made the good news seem to be really both good and new .", "it was in truth against a huge unconscious usurpation that it raised a revolt , and originally so obscure a revolt .", "olympus still occupied the sky like a motionless cloud moulded into many mighty forms ; philosophy still sat in the high places and even on the thrones of the kings , when christ was born in the cave and christianity in the catacombs .", "in both cases we may remark the same paradox of revolution ; the sense of something despised and of something feared .", "the cave in one aspect is only a hole or corner into which the outcasts are swept like rubbish ; yet in the other aspect it is a hiding - place of something valuable which the tyrants are seeking like treasure .", "in one sense they are there because the innkeeper would not even remember them , and in another because the king can never forget them .", "we have already noted that this paradox appeared also in the treatment of the early church .", "it was important while it was still insignificant , and certainly while it was still impotent .", "it was important solely because it was intolerable ; and in that sense it is true to say that it was intolerable because it was intolerant .", "it was resented , because , in its own still and almost secret way , it had declared war .", "it had risen out of the ground to wreck the heaven and earth of heathenism .", "it did not try to destroy all that creation of gold and marble ; but it contemplated a world without it .", "it dared to look right through it as though the gold and marble had been glass .", "those who charged the christians with burning down rome with firebrands were slanderers ; but they were at least far nearer to the nature of christianity than those among the moderns who tell us that the christians were a sort of ethical society , being martyred in a languid fashion for telling men they had a duty to their neighbors , and only mildly disliked because they were meek and mild .", "to understand the nature of this chapter , it is necessary to recur to the nature of this book .", "the argument which is meant to be the backbone of the book is of the kind called the reductio ad absurdum .", "it suggests that the results of assuming the rationalist thesis are more irrational than ours ; but to prove it we must assume that thesis .", "thus in the first section i often treated man as merely an animal , to show that the effect was more impossible than if he were treated as an angel .", "in the sense in which it was necessary to treat man merely as an animal , it is necessary to treat christ merely as a man .", "i have to suspend my own beliefs , which are much more positive ; and assume this limitation even in order to remove it .", "i must try to imagine what would happen to a man who did really read the story of christ as the story of a man ; and even of a man of whom he had never heard before .", "and i wish to point out that a really impartial reading of that kind would lead , if not immediately to belief , at least to a bewilderment of which there is really no solution except in belief .", "in this chapter , for this reason , i shall bring in nothing of the spirit of my own creed ; i shall exclude the very style of diction , and even of lettering , which i should think fitting in speaking in my own person .", "i am speaking as an imaginary heathen human being , honestly , staring at the gospel story for the first time .", "now it is not at all easy to regard the new testament as a new testament .", "it is not at all easy to realise the good news as new .", "both for good and evil familiarity fills us with assumptions and associations ; and no man of our civilisation , whatever he thinks of our religion , can really read the thing as if he had never heard of it before .", "of course it is in any case utterly unhistorical to talk as if the new testament were a neatly bound book that had fallen from heaven .", "it is simply the selection made by the authority of the church from a mass of early christian literature .", "but apart from any such question there is a psychological difficulty in feeling the new testament as new .", "there is a psychological difficulty in seeing those well - known words simply as they stand and without going beyond what they intrinsically stand for .", "and this difficulty must indeed be very great ; for the result of it is very curious .", "the result of it is that most modern critics and most current criticism , even popular criticism , makes a comment that is the exact reverse of the truth .", "it is so completely the reverse of the truth that one could almost suspect that they had never read the new testament at all .", "now the first thing to note is that if we take it merely as a human story , it is in some ways a very strange story .", "i do not refer here to its tremendous and tragic culmination or to any implications involving triumph in that tragedy .", "i do not refer to what is commonly called the miraculous element ; for on that point philosophies vary and modern philosophies very decidedly waver .", "indeed the educated englishman of to - day may be said to have passed from an old fashion , in which he would not believe in any miracles unless they were ancient , and adopted a new fashion in which he will not believe in any miracles unless they are modern .", "he used to hold that miraculous cures stopped with the first christians and is now inclined to suspect that they began with the first christian scientists .", "but i refer here rather specially to unmiraculous and even to unnoticed and inconspicuous parts of the story .", "there are a great many things about it which nobody would have invented , for they are things that nobody has ever made any particular use of ; things which if they were remarked at all have remained rather as puzzles .", "for instance , there is that long stretch of silence in the life of christ up to the age of thirty .", "it is of all silences the most immense and imaginatively impressive .", "but it is not the sort of thing that anybody is particularly likely to invent in order to prove something ; and no body so far as i know has ever tried to prove anything in particular from it .", "it is impressive , but it is only impressive as a fact ; there is nothing particularly popular or obvious about it as a fable .", "the ordinary trend of hero - worship and myth - making is much more likely to say the precise opposite .", "it is much more likely to say ( as i believe some of the gospels rejected by the church do say ) that jesus displayed a divine precocity and began his mission at a miraculously early age .", "and there is indeed something strange in the thought that he who of all humanity needed least preparation seems to have had most .", "whether it was some mode of the divine humility , or some truth of which we see the shadow of the longer domestic tutelage of the higher creatures of the earth .", "i do not propose to speculate ; i mention it simply as an example of the sort of thing that does in any case give rise to speculations , quite apart from recognised religious speculations .", "now the whole story is full of these things .", "it is not by any means , as baldly presented in print , a story that it is easy to get to the bottom of .", "it is anything but what these people talk of as a simple gospel .", "relatively speaking , it is the gospel that has the mysticism and the church that has the rationalism .", "as i should put it , of course , it is the gospel that is the riddle and the church that is the answer .", "but whatever be the answer , the gospel as it stands is almost a book of riddles .", "first , a man reading the gospel sayings would not find platitudes .", "if he had read even in the most respectful spirit the majority of ancient philosophers and of modern moralists , he would appreciate the unique importance of saying that he did not find platitudes .", "it is more than can be said even of plato .", "it is much more than can be said of epictetus or seneca or marcus aurelius or apollonius of tyana .", "and it is immeasurably more than can be said of most of the agnostic moralists and the preachers of the ethical societies ; with their songs of service and their religion of brotherhood .", "the morality of most moralists ancient and modern , has been one solid and polished cataract of platitudes flowing for ever and ever .", "that would certainly not be the impression of the imaginary independent outsider studying the new testament .", "he would be conscious of nothing so commonplace and in a sense of nothing so continuous as that stream .", "he would find a number of strange claims that might sound like the claim to be the brother of the sun and moon ; a number of very startling pieces of advice ; a number of stunning rebukes ; a number of strangely beautiful stories .", "he would see some very gigantesque figures of speech about the impossibility of threading a needle with a camel or the possibility of throwing a mountain into the sea .", "he would see a number of very daring simplifications of the difficulties of life ; like the advice to shine upon everybody indifferently as does the sunshine or not to worry about the future any more than the birds .", "he would find on the other hand some passages of almost impenetrable darkness , so far as he is concerned , such as the moral of the parable of the unjust steward .", "some of these things might strike him as fables and some as truths ; but none as truisms .", "for instance , he would not find the ordinary platitudes in favour of peace .", "he would find several paradoxes in favour of peace .", "he would find several ideals of non - resistance , which taken as they stand would be rather too pacific for any pacifist .", "he would be told in one passage to treat a robber not with passive resistance , but rather with positive and enthusiastic encouragement , if the terms be taken literally ; heaping up gifts upon the man who had stolen goods .", "but he would not find a word of all that obvious rhetoric against war which has filled countless books and odes and orations ; not a word about the wickedness of war , the wastefulness of war , the appalling scale of the slaughter in war and all the rest of the familiar frenzy ; indeed not a word about war at all .", "there is nothing that throws any particular light on christ ' s attitude towards organised warfare , except that he seems to have been rather fond of roman soldiers .", "indeed it is another perplexity , speaking from the same external and human stand point , that he seems to have got on much better with romans than he did with jews .", "but the question here is a certain tone to be appreciated by merely reading a certain text ; and we might give any number of instances of it .", "the statement that the meek shall inherit the earth is very far from being a meek statement .", "i mean it is not meek in the ordinary sense of mild and moderate and inoffensive .", "to justify it , it would be necessary to go very deep into history and anticipate things undreamed of then and by many unrealised even now ; such as the way in which the mystical monks reclaimed the lands which the practical kings had lost .", "if it was a truth at all , it was because it was a prophecy .", "but certainly it was not a truth in the sense of a truism .", "the blessing upon the meek would seem to be a very violent statement ; in the sense of doing violence to reason and probability .", "and with this we come to another important stage in the speculation .", "as a prophecy it really was fulfilled ; but it was only fulfilled long afterwards .", "the monasteries were the most practical and prosperous estates and experiments in reconstruction after the barbaric deluge ; the meek did really inherit the earth .", "but nobody could have known anything of the sort at the time - - unless indeed there was one who knew .", "something of the same thing may be said about the incident of martha and mary ; which has been interpreted in retrospect and from the inside by the mystics of the christian contemplative life .", "but it was not at all an obvious view of it ; and most moralists , ancient and modern , could be trusted to make a rush for the obvious .", "what torrents of effortless eloquence would have flowed from them to swell any slight superiority on the part of martha ; what splendid sermons about the joy of service and the gospel of work and the world left better than we found it , and generally all the ten thousand platitudes that can be uttered in favour of taking trouble - - by people who need take no trouble to utter them .", "if in mary the mystic and child of love christ was guarding the seed of something more subtle , who was likely to understand it at the time ?", "nobody else could have seen clare and catherine and teresa shining above the little roof at bethany .", "it is so in another way with that magnificent menace about bringing into the world a sword to sunder and divide .", "nobody could have guessed then either how it could be fulfilled or how it could be justified .", "indeed some freethinkers are still so simple as to fall into the trap and be shocked at a phrase so deliberately defiant .", "they actually complain of the paradox for not being a platitude .", "but the point here is that if we could read the gospel reports as things as new as newspaper reports , they would puzzle us and perhaps terrify us much more than the same things as developed by historical christianity .", "for instance , christ after a clear allusion to the eunuchs of eastern courts , said there would be eunuchs of the kingdom of heaven .", "if this does not mean the voluntary enthusiasm of virginity , it could only be made to mean something much more unnatural or uncouth .", "it is the historical religion that humanises it for us by experience of franciscans or of sisters of mercy .", "the mere statement standing by itself might very well suggest a rather dehumanised atmosphere ; the sinister and inhuman silence of the asiatic harem and divan .", "this is but one instance out of scores ; but the moral is that the christ of the gospel might actually seem more strange and terrible than the christ of the church .", "i am dwelling on the dark or dazzling or defiant or mysterious side of the gospel words , not because they had not obviously a more obvious and popular side , but because this is the answer to a common criticism on a vital point .", "the freethinker frequently says that jesus of nazareth was a man of his time , even if he was in advance of his time ; and that we cannot accept his ethics as final for humanity .", "the freethinker then goes on to criticise his ethics , saying plausibly enough that men cannot turn the other cheek , or that they must take thought for the morrow , or that the self - denial is too ascetic or the monogamy too severe .", "but the zealots and the legionaries did not turn the other cheek any more than we do , if so much .", "the jewish traders and roman tax - gatherers took thought for the morrow as much as we , if not more .", "we cannot pretend to be abandoning the morality of the past for one more suited to the present .", "it is certainly not the morality of another age , but it might be of another world .", "in short , we can say that these ideals are impossible in themselves .", "exactly what we cannot say is that they are impossible for us .", "they are rather notably marked by a mysticism which , if it be a sort of madness , would always have struck the same sort of people as mad .", "take , for instance , the case of marriage and the relations of the sexes .", "it might very well have been true that a galilean teacher taught things natural to a galilean environment ; but it is not .", "it might rationally be expected that a man in the time of tiberius would have advanced a view conditioned by the time of tiberius ; but he did not .", "what he advanced was something quite different ; something very difficult ; but something no more difficult now than it was then .", "when , for instance , mahomet made his polygamous compromise we may reasonably say that it was conditioned by a polygamous society .", "when he allowed a man four wives he was really doing something suited to the circumstances , which might have been less suited to other circumstances .", "nobody will pretend that the four wives were like the four winds , something seemingly a part of the order of nature ; nobody will say that the figure four was written for ever in stars upon the sky .", "but neither will anyone say that the figure four is an inconceivable ideal ; that it is beyond the power of the mind of man to count up to four ; or to count the number of his wives and see whether it amounts to four .", "it is a practical compromise carrying with it the character of a particular society .", "if mahomet had been born in acton in the nineteenth century , we may well doubt whether he would instantly have filled that suburb with harems of four wives apiece .", "as he was born in arabia in the sixth century , he did in his conjugal arrangements suggest the conditions of arabia in the sixth century .", "but christ in his view of marriage does not in the least suggest the conditions of palestine of the first century .", "he does not suggest anything at all , except the sacramental view of marriage as developed long afterwards by the catholic church .", "it was quite as difficult for people then as for people now .", "it was much more puzzling to people then than to people now .", "jews and romans and greeks did not believe , and did not even understand enough to disbelieve , the mystical idea that the man and the woman had become one sacramental substance .", "we may think it an incredible or impossible ideal ; but we cannot think it any more incredible or impossible than they would have thought it .", "in other words , whatever else is true , it is not true that the controversy has been altered by time .", "whatever else is true , it is emphatically not true that the ideas of jesus of nazareth were suitable to his time , but are no longer suitable to our time .", "exactly how suitable they were to his time is perhaps suggested in the end of his story .", "the same truth might be stated in another way by saying that if the story be regarded as merely human and historical , it is extraordinary how very little there is in the recorded words of christ that ties him at all to his own time .", "i do not mean the details of a period , which even a man of the period knows to be passing .", "i mean the fundamentals which even the wisest man often vaguely assumes to be eternal .", "for instance , aristotle was perhaps the wisest and most wide - minded man who ever lived .", "he founded himself entirely upon fundamentals , which have been generally found to remain rational and solid through all social and historical changes .", "still , he lived in a world in which it was thought as natural to have slaves as to have children .", "and therefore he did permit himself a serious recognition of a difference between slaves and free men .", "christ as much as aristotle lived in a world that took slavery for granted .", "he did not particularly denounce slavery .", "he started a movement that could exist in a world with slavery .", "but he started a movement that could exist in a world without slavery .", "he never used a phrase that made his philosophy depend even upon the very existence of the social order in which he lived .", "he spoke as one conscious that everything was ephemeral , including the things that aristotle thought eternal .", "by that time the roman empire had come to be merely the orbis terrarum , another name for the world .", "but he never made his morality dependent on the existence of the roman empire or even on the existence of the world . '", "heaven and earth shall pass away , but my words shall not pass away . '", "the truth is that when critics have spoken of the local limitations of the galilean , it has always been a case of the local limitations of the critics .", "he did undoubtedly believe in certain things that one particular modern sect of materialists do not believe .", "but they were not things particularly peculiar to his time .", "it would be nearer the truth to say that the denial of them is quite peculiar to our time .", "doubtless it would be nearer still to the truth to say merely that a certain solemn social importance , in the minority disbelieving them , is peculiar to our time .", "he believed , for instance , in evil spirits or in the psychic healing of bodily ills ; but not because he was a galilean born under augustus .", "it is absurd to say that a man believed things because he was a galilean under augustus when he might have believed the same things if he had been an egyptian under tutenkamen or an indian under gengis khan .", "but with this general question of the philosophy of diabolism or of divine miracles i deal elsewhere .", "it is enough to say that the materialists have to prove the impossibility of miracles against the testimony of all mankind , not against the prejudices of provincials in north palestine under the first roman emperors .", "what they have to prove , for the present argument , is the presence in the gospels of those particular prejudices of those particular provincials .", "and , humanly speaking , it is astonishing how little they can produce even to make a beginning of proving it .", "so it is in this case of the sacrament of marriage .", "we may not believe in sacraments , as we may not believe in spirits , but it is quite clear that christ believed in this sacrament in his own way and not in any current or contemporary way .", "he certainly did not get his argument against divorce from the mosaic law or the roman law or the habits of the palestinian people .", "it would appear to his critics then exactly what it appears to his critics now ; an arbitrary and transcendental dogma coming from nowhere save in the sense that it came from him .", "i am not at all concerned here to defend that dogma ; the point here is that it is just as easy to defend it now as it was to defend it then .", "it is an ideal altogether outside time ; difficult at any period ; impossible at no period .", "in other words , if anyone says it is what might be expected of a man walking about in that place at that period , we can quite fairly answer that it is much more like what might be the mysterious utterance of a being beyond man , if he walked alive among men .", "i maintain therefore that a man reading the new testament frankly and freshly would not get the impression of what is now often meant by a human christ .", "the merely human christ is a made - up figure , a piece of artificial selection , like the merely evolutionary man .", "moreover there have been too many of these human christs found in the same story , just as there have been too many keys to mythology found in the same stories .", "three or four separate schools of rationalism have worked over the ground and produced three or four equally rational explanations of his life .", "the first rational explanation of his life was that he never lived .", "and this in turn gave an opportunity for three or four different explanations , as that he was a sun - myth or a corn - myth , or any other kind of myth that is also a monomania .", "then the idea that he was a divine being who did not exist gave place to the idea that he was a human being who did exist .", "in my youth it was the fashion to say that he was merely an ethical teacher in the manner of the essenes , who had apparently nothing very much to say that hillel or a hundred other jews might not have said ; as that it is a kindly thing to be kind and an assistance to purification to be pure .", "then somebody said he was a madman with a messianic delusion .", "then others said he was indeed an original teacher because he cared about nothing but socialism ; or ( as others said ) about nothing but pacifism .", "then a more grimly scientific character appeared who said that jesus would never have been heard of at all except for his prophecies of the end of the world .", "he was important merely as a millenarian like dr . cumming ; and created a provincial scare by announcing the exact date of the crack of doom .", "among other variants on the same theme was the theory that he was a spiritual healer and nothing else ; a view implied by christian science , which has really to expound a christianity without the crucifixion in order to explain the curing of peter ' s wife ' s mother or the daughter of a centurion .", "there is another theory that concentrates entirely on the business of diabolism and what it would call the contemporary superstition about demoniacs , as if christ , like a young deacon taking his first orders , had got as far as exorcism and never got any further .", "now , each of these explanations in itself seems to me singularly inadequate ; but taken together they do suggest something of the very mystery which they miss .", "there must surely have been something not only mysterious but many - sided about christ if so many smaller christs can be carved out of him .", "if the christian scientist is satisfied with him as a spiritual healer and the christian socialist is satisfied with him as a social reformer , so satisfied that they do not even expect him to be anything else , it looks as if he really covered rather more ground than they could be expected to expect .", "and it does seem to suggest that there might be more than they fancy in these other mysterious attributes of casting out devils or prophesying doom .", "above all , would not such a new reader of the new testament stumble over something that would startle him much more than it startles us ?", "i have here more than once attempted the rather impossible task of reversing time and the historic method ; and in fancy looking forward to the facts , instead of backward through the memories .", "so i have imagined the monster that man might have seemed at first to the mere nature around him .", "we should have a worse shock if we really imagined the nature of christ named for the first time .", "what should we feel at the first whisper of a certain suggestion about a certain man ?", "certainly it is not for us to blame anybody who should find that first wild whisper merely impious and insane .", "on the contrary , stumbling on that rock of scandal is the first step .", "stark staring incredulity is a far more loyal tribute to that truth than a modernist metaphysic that would make it out merely a matter of degree .", "it were better to rend our robes with a great cry against blasphemy , like caiaphas in the judgement , or to lay hold of the man as a maniac possessed of devils like the kinsmen and the crowd , rather than to stand stupidly debating fine shades of pantheism in the presence of so catastrophic a claim .", "there is more of the wisdom that is one with surprise in any simple person , full of the sensitiveness of simplicity , who should expect the grass to wither and the birds to drop dead out of the air , when a strolling carpenter ' s apprentice said calmly and almost carelessly , like one looking over his shoulder : ' before abraham was , i am . '", "in the last chapter i have deliberately stressed what seems to be nowadays a neglected side of the new testament story , but nobody will suppose , i imagine , that it is meant to obscure that side that may truly be called human .", "that christ was and is the most merciful of judges and the most sympathetic of friends is a fact of considerably more importance in our own private lives than in anybody ' s historical speculations .", "but the purpose of this book is to point out that something unique has been swamped in cheap generalisations ; and for that purpose it is relevant to insist that even what was most universal was also most original .", "for instance , we might take a topic which really is sympathetic to the modern mood , as the ascetic vocations recently referred to are not .", "the exaltation of childhood is something which we do really understand ; but it was by no means a thing that was then in that sense understood .", "if we wanted an example of the originality of the gospels we could hardly take a stronger or more startling one .", "nearly two thousand years afterwards we happen to find ourselves in a mood that does really feel the mystical charm of the child ; we express it in romances and regrets about childhood , in peter pan or the child ' s garden of verses .", "and we can say of the words of christ with so angry an anti - christian as swinburne : - - it must be heaven indeed . '", "but that paradise was not clear until christianity had gradually cleared it .", "the pagan world , as such , would not have understood any such thing as a serious suggestion that a child is higher or holier than a man .", "it would have seemed like the suggestion that a tadpole is higher or holier than a frog .", "to the merely rationalistic mind , it would sound like saying that a bud must be more beautiful than a flower or that an unripe apple must be better than a ripe one .", "in other words , this modern feeling is an entirely mystical feeling .", "it is quite as mystical as the cult of virginity ; in fact it is the cult of virginity .", "but pagan antiquity had much more idea of the holiness of the virgin than of the holiness of the child .", "for various reasons we have come nowadays to venerate children , perhaps partly because we envy children for still doing what men used to do ; such as play simple games and enjoy fairy - tales .", "over and above this , however , there is a great deal of real and subtle psychology in our appreciation of childhood ; but if we turn it into a modern discovery , we must once more admit that the historical jesus of nazareth had already discovered it two thousand years too soon .", "there was certainly nothing in the world around him to help him to the discovery .", "here christ was indeed human ; but more human than a human being was then likely to be .", "peter pan does not belong to the world of pan but the world of peter .", "this quality of something that can only be called subtle and superior , something that is capable of long views and even of double meanings , is not noted here merely as a counterblast to the commonplace exaggerations of amiability and mild idealism .", "it is also to be noted in connection with the more tremendous truth touched upon at the end of the last chapter .", "for this is the very last character that commonly goes with mere megalomania ; especially such steep and staggering megalomania as might be involved in that claim .", "this quality that can only be called intellectual distinction is not , of course , an evidence of divinity .", "but it is an evidence of a probable distaste for vulgar and vainglorious claims to divinity .", "a man of that sort , if he were only a man , would be the last man in the world to suffer from that intoxication by one notion from nowhere in particular , which is the mark of the self - deluding sensationalist in religion .", "nor is it even avoided by denying that christ did make this claim .", "of no such man as that , of no other prophet or philosopher of the same intellectual order , would it be even possible to pretend that he had made it .", "even if the church had mistaken his meaning , it would still be true that no other historical tradition except the church had ever even made the same mistake .", "mahomedans did not misunderstand mahomet and suppose he was allah .", "jews did not misinterpret moses and identify him with jehovah .", "why was this claim alone exaggerated unless this alone was made .", "even if christianity was one vast universal blunder , it is still a blunder as solitary as the incarnation .", "the purpose of these pages is to fix the falsity of certain vague and vulgar assumptions ; and we have here one of the most false .", "there is a sort of notion in the air everywhere that all the religions are equal because all the religious founders were rivals , that they are all fighting for the same starry crown .", "it is quite false .", "the claim to that crown , or anything like that crown , is really so rare as to be unique .", "mahomet did not make it any more than micah or malachi .", "confucius did not make it any more that plato or marcus aurelius .", "buddha never said he was brahma .", "zoroaster no more claimed to be ormuz than to be ahriman .", "the truth is that , in the common run of cases , it is just as we should expect it to be , in common sense and certainly in christian philosophy .", "it is exactly the other way .", "normally speaking , the greater a man is , the less likely he is to make the very greatest claim .", "outside the unique case we are considering , the only kind of man who ever does make that kind of claim is a very small man ; a secretive or self - centered monomaniac .", "nobody can imagine aristotle claiming to be the father of gods and men , come down from the sky ; though we might imagine some insane roman emperor like caligula claiming it for him , or more probably for himself .", "nobody can imagine shakespeare talking as if he were literally divine ; though we might imagine some crazy american crank finding it as a cryptogram in shakespeare ' s works , or preferably in his own works .", "it is possible to find here and there human beings who make this supremely superhuman claim .", "it is possible to find them in lunatic asylums ; in padded cells ; possibly in strait waistcoats .", "but what is much more important than their mere materialistic fate in our very materialistic society , under very crude and clumsy laws about lunacy , the type we know as tinged with this , or tending towards it , is a diseased and disproportionate type ; narrow yet swollen and morbid to monstrosity .", "it is by rather an unlucky metaphor that we talk of a madman as cracked ; for in a sense he is not cracked enough .", "he is cramped rather than cracked ; there are not enough holes in his head to ventilate it .", "this impossibility of letting in daylight on a delusion does sometimes cover and conceal a delusion of divinity .", "it can be found , not among prophets and sages and founders of religions , but only among a low set of lunatics .", "but this is exactly where the argument becomes intensely interesting ; because the argument proves too much .", "for nobody supposes that jesus of nazareth was that sort of person .", "no modern critic in his five wits thinks that the preacher of the sermon on the mount was a horrible half - witted imbecile that might be scrawling stars on the walls of a cell .", "no atheist or blasphemer believes that the author of the parable of the prodigal son was a monster with one mad idea like a cyclops with one eye .", "upon any possible historical criticism , he must be put higher in the scale of human beings than that .", "yet by all analogy we have really to put him there or else in the highest place of all .", "even on the purely human and sympathetic side , therefore , the jesus of the new testament seems to me to have in a great many ways the note of something superhuman ; that is of something human and more than human .", "but there is another quality running through all his teachings which seems to me neglected in most modern talk about them as teachings ; and that is the persistent suggestion that he has not really come to teach .", "if there is one incident in the record which affects me personally as grandly and gloriously human , it is the incident of giving wine for the wedding - feast .", "that is really human in the sense in which a whole crowd of prigs , having the appearance of human beings , can hardly be described as human .", "it rises superior to all superior persons .", "it is as human as herrick and as democratic as dickens .", "but even in that story there is something else that has that note of things not fully explained ; and in a way here very relevant .", "i mean the first hesitation , not on any ground touching the nature of the miracle , but on that of the propriety of working any miracles at all , at least at that stage ; ' my time is not yet come . '", "what does that mean ?", "at least it certainly meant a general plan or purpose in the mind , with which certain things did or did not fit in .", "and if we leave out that solitary strategic plan , we not only leave out the point of the story , but the story .", "we often hear of jesus of nazareth as a wandering teacher , and there is a vital truth in that view in so far as it emphasises an attitude towards luxury and convention which most respectable people would still regard as that of a vagabond .", "it is expressed in his own great saying about the holes of the foxes and the nests of the birds , and , like many of his great sayings , it is felt as less powerful than it is , through lack of appreciation of that great paradox by which he spoke of his own humanity as in some way collectively and representatively human ; calling himself simply the son of man ; that is , in effect , calling himself simply man .", "it is fitting that the new man or the second adam should repeat in so ringing a voice and with so arresting a gesture the great fact which came first in the original story , that man differs from the brutes by everything , even by deficiency ; that he is in a sense less normal and even less native ; a stranger upon the earth .", "it is well to speak of his wanderings in this sense and in the sense that he shared the drifting life of the most homeless and hopeless of the poor .", "it is assuredly well to remember that he would quite certainly have been moved on by the police and almost certainly arrested by the police for having no visible means of subsistence .", "for our law has in it a turn of humour or touch of fancy which nero and herod never happened to think of , that of actually punishing homeless people for not sleeping at home .", "but in another sense the word ' wandering ' as applied to his life is a little misleading .", "as a matter of fact , a great many of the pagan sages and not a few of the pagan sophists might truly be described as wandering teachers .", "in some of them their rambling journeys were not altogether without a parallel in their rambling remarks .", "apollonius of tyana , who figured in some fashionable cults as a sort of ideal philosopher , is represented as rambling as far as the ganges and ethiopia , more or less talking all the time .", "there was actually a school of philosophers called the peripatetics ; and most even of the great philosophers give us a vague impression of having very little to do except to walk and talk .", "the great conversations which give us our glimpses of the great minds of socrates or buddha or even confucius often seem to be parts of a never - ending picnic ; and especially , which is the important point , to have neither beginning nor end .", "socrates did indeed find the conversation interrupted by the incident of his execution .", "but it is the whole point and the whole particular merit , of the position of socrates that death was only an interruption and an incident .", "we miss the real moral importance of the great philosopher if we miss that point ; that he stares at the executioner with an innocent surprise , and almost an innocent annoyance , at finding anyone so unreasonable as to cut short a little conversation for the elucidation of truth .", "he is looking for truth and not looking for death .", "death is but a stone in the road which can trip him up .", "his work in life is to wander on the roads of the world and talk about truth for ever .", "buddha , on the other hand , did arrest attention by one gesture ; it was the gesture of renunciation , and therefore in a sense of denial .", "but by one dramatic negation he passed into a world of negation that was not dramatic ; which he would have been the first to insist was not dramatic .", "here again we miss the particular moral importance of the great mystic if we do not see the distinction ; that it was his whole point that he had done with drama , which consists of desire and struggle and generally of defeat and disappointment .", "he passes into peace and lives to instruct others how to pass into it .", "henceforth his life is that of the ideal philosopher ; certainly a far more really ideal philosopher than apollonius of tyana ; but still a philosopher in the sense that it is not his business to do anything but rather to explain everything ; in his case , we might almost say , mildly and softly to explore everything .", "for the messages are basically different .", "christ said ' seek first the kingdom , and all these things shall be added unto you . '", "buddha said ' seek first the kingdom , and then you will need none of these things . '", "now compared to these wanderers the life of jesus went as swift and straight as a thunderbolt .", "it was above all things dramatic ; it did above all things consist in doing something that had to be done .", "it emphatically would not have been done , if jesus had walked about the world for ever doing nothing except tell the truth .", "and even the external movement of it must not be described as a wandering in the sense of forgetting that it was a journey .", "this is where it was a fulfilment of the myths rather than of the philosophies ; it is a journey with a goal and an object , like jason going to find the golden fleece , or hercules the golden apples of the hesperides .", "the gold that he was seeking was death .", "the primary thing that he was going to do was to die .", "he was going to do other things equally definite and objective ; we might almost say equally external and material .", "but from first to last the most definite fact is that he is going to die .", "no two things could possibly be more different than the death of socrates and the death of christ .", "we are meant to feel that the death of socrates was , from the point of view of his friends at least , a stupid muddle and miscarriage of justice interfering with the flow of a humane and lucid , i had almost said a light philosophy .", "we are meant to feel that death was the bride of christ as poverty was the bride of st . francis .", "we are meant to feel that his life was in that sense a sort of love - affair with death , a romance of the pursuit of the ultimate sacrifice .", "from the moment when the star goes up like a birthday rocket to the moment when the sun is extinguished like a funeral torch , the whole story moves on wings with the speed and direction of a drama , ending in an act beyond words .", "therefore the story of christ is the story of a journey , almost in the manner of a military march ; certainly in the manner of the quest of a hero moving to his achievement or his doom .", "it is a story that begins in the paradise of galilee , a pastoral and peaceful land having really some hint of eden , and gradually climbs the rising country into the mountains that are nearer to the storm - clouds and the stars , as to a mountain of purgatory .", "he may be met as if straying in strange places , or stopped on the way for discussion or dispute ; but his face is set towards the mountain city .", "that is the meaning of that great culmination when he crested the ridge and stood at the turning of the road and suddenly cried aloud , lamenting over jerusalem .", "some light touch of that lament is in every patriotic poem ; or if it is absent , the patriotism stinks with vulgarity .", "that is the meaning the stirring and startling incident at the gates of the temple , when the tables were hurled like lumber down the steps , and the rich merchants driven forth with bodily blows ; the incident that must be at least as much of a puzzle to the pacifists as any paradox about non resistance can be to any of the militarists .", "i have compared the quest to the journey of jason , but we must never forget that in a deeper sense it is rather to be compared to the journey of ulysses .", "it was not only a romance of travel but a romance of return ; and of the end of a usurpation .", "no healthy boy reading the story regards the rout of the ithacan suitors as anything but a happy ending .", "but there are doubtless some who regard the rout of the jewish merchants and money changers with that refined repugnance which never fails to move them in the presence of violence , and especially of violence against the well - to - do .", "the point , here however , is that all these incidents have in them a character of mounting crisis .", "in other words .", "these incidents are not incidental .", "when apollonius the ideal philosopher is brought before the judgement - seat of domitian and vanishes by magic , the miracle is entirely incidental .", "it might have occurred at any time in the wandering life of the tyanean ; indeed , i believe it is doubtful in date as well as in substance .", "the ideal philosopher merely vanished , and resumed his ideal existence somewhere else for an indefinite period .", "it is characteristic of the contrast perhaps that apollonius was supposed to have lived to an almost miraculous old age .", "jesus of nazareth was less prudent in his miracles .", "when jesus was brought before the judgement - seat of pontius pilate , he did not vanish .", "it was the crisis and the goal ; it was the hour and the power of darkness .", "it was the supremely supernatural act , of all his miraculous life , that he did not vanish .", "every attempt to amplify that story has diminished it .", "the task has been attempted by many men of real genius and eloquence as well as by only too many vulgar sentimentalists and self - conscious rhetoricians .", "the tale has been retold with patronising pathos by elegant sceptics and with fluent enthusiasm by boisterous best - sellers .", "it will not be retold here .", "the grinding power of the plain words of the gospel story is like the power of mill - stones ; and those who can read them simply enough will feel as if rocks had been rolled upon them .", "criticism is only words about words ; and of what use are words about such words as these ?", "what is the use of word - painting about the dark garden filled suddenly with torchlight and furious faces ? '", "are you come out with swords and staves as against a robber ?", "all day i sat in your temple teaching , and you took me not . '", "can anything be added to the massive and gathered restraint of that irony ; like a great wave lifted to the sky and refusing to fall ? '", "daughters of jerusalem , weep not for me but weep for yourselves and for your children . '", "as the high priest asked what further need he had of witnesses , we might well ask what further need we have of words .", "peter in a panic repudiated him : ' and immediately the cock crew ; and jesus looked upon peter , and peter went out and wept bitterly . '", "has anyone any further remarks to offer .", "just before the murder he prayed for all the murderous race of men , saying , ' they know not what they do ' ; is there anything to say to that , except that we know as little what we say ?", "is there any need to repeat and spin out the story of how the tragedy trailed up the via dolorosa and how they threw him in haphazard with two thieves in one of the ordinary batches of execution ; and how in all that horror and howling wilderness of desertion one voice spoke in homage , a startling voice from the very last place where it was looked for , the gibbet of the criminal ; and he said to that nameless ruffian , ' this night shalt thou be with me in paradise ' ?", "is there anything to put after that but a full stop ?", "or is anyone prepared to answer adequately that farewell gesture to all flesh which created for his mother a new son ?", "it is more within my powers , and here more immediately to my purpose , to point out that in that scene were symbolically gathered all the human forces that have been vaguely sketched in this story .", "as kings and philosophers and the popular element had been symbolically present at his birth , so they were more practically concerned in his death ; and with that we come face to face with the essential fact to be realised .", "all the great groups that stood about the cross represent in one way or another the great historical truth of the time ; that the world could not save itself .", "man could do no more .", "rome and jerusalem and athens and everything else were going down like a sea turned into a slow cataract .", "externally indeed the ancient world was still at its strongest ; it is always at that moment that the inmost weakness begins .", "but in order to understand that weakness we must repeat what has been said more than once ; that it was not the weakness of a thing originally weak .", "it was emphatically the strength of the world that was turned to weakness and the wisdom of the world that was turned to folly .", "in this story of good friday it is the best things in the world that are at their worst .", "that is what really shows us the world at its worst .", "it was , for instance , the priests of a true monotheism and the soldiers of an international civilisation .", "rome , the legend , founded upon fallen troy and triumphant over fallen carthage , had stood for a heroism which was the nearest that any pagan ever came to chivalry .", "rome had defended the household gods and the human decencies against the ogres of africa and the hermaphrodite monstrosities of greece .", "but in the lightning flash of this incident , we see great rome , the imperial republic , going downward under her lucretian doom .", "scepticism has eaten away even the confident sanity of the conquerors of the world .", "he who is enthroned to say what is justice can only ask : ' what is truth ? '", "so in that drama which decided the whole fate of antiquity , one of the central figures is fixed in what seems the reverse of his true role .", "rome was almost another name for responsibility .", "yet he stands for ever as a sort of rocking statue of the irresponsible .", "man could do no more .", "even the practical had become the impracticable .", "standing between the pillars of his own judgement - seat , a roman had washed his hands of the world .", "and as it was with these powers that were good , or at least had once been good , so it was with the element which was perhaps the best , or which christ himself seems certainly to have felt as the best .", "the poor to whom he preached the good news , the common people who heard him gladly , the populace that had made so many popular heroes and demigods in the old pagan world , showed also the weaknesses that were dissolving the world .", "they suffered the evils often seen in the mob of the city , and especially the mob of the capital , during the decline of a society .", "the same thing that makes the rural population live on tradition makes the urban population live on rumour .", "just as its myths at the best had been irrational , so its likes and dislikes are easily changed by baseless assertion that is arbitrary without being authoritative .", "some brigand or other was artificially turned into a picturesque and popular figure and run as a kind of candidate against christ .", "in all this we recognise the urban population that we know , with its newspaper scares and scoops .", "but there was present in this ancient population an evil more peculiar to the ancient world .", "we have noted it already as the neglect of the individual , even of the individual voting the condemnation and still more of the individual condemned .", "it was the soul of the hive ; a heathen thing .", "the cry of this spirit also was heard in that hour , ' it is well that one man die for the people . '", "yet this spirit in antiquity of devotion to the city and to the state had also been in itself and in its time a noble spirit .", "it had its poets and its martyrs ; men still to be honoured for ever .", "it was failing through its weakness in not seeing the separate soul of a man , the shrine of all mysticism ; but it was only failing as everything else was failing .", "the mob went along with the sadducees and the pharisees , the philosophers and the moralists .", "it went along with the imperial magistrates and the sacred priests , the scribes and the soldiers , that the one universal human spirit might suffer a universal condemnation ; that there might be one deep , unanimous chorus of approval and harmony when man was rejected of men .", "they took the body down from the cross and one of the few rich men among the first christians obtained permission to bury it in a rock tomb in his garden ; the romans setting a military guard lest there should be some riot and attempt to recover the body .", "there was once more a natural symbolism in these natural proceedings ; it was well that the tomb should be sealed with all the secrecy of ancient eastern sepulture and guarded by the authority of the caesars .", "for in that second cavern the whole of that great and glorious humanity which we call antiquity was gathered up and covered over ; and in that place it was buried .", "it was the end of a very great thing called human history ; the history that was merely human .", "the mythologies and the philosophies were buried there , the gods and the heroes and the sages .", "in the great roman phrase , they had lived .", "but as they could only live , so they could only die ; and they were dead .", "christ founded the church with two great figures of speech ; in the final words to the apostles who received authority to found it .", "the first was the phrase about founding it on peter as on a rock ; the second was the symbol of the keys .", "about the meaning of the former there is naturally no doubt in my own case ; but it does not directly affect the argument here save in two more secondary aspects .", "it is yet another example of a thing that could only fully expand and explain itself afterwards , and even long afterwards .", "and it is yet another example of something the very reverse of simple and self - evident even in the language , in so far as it described a man as a rock when he had much more the appearance of a reed .", "but the other image of the keys has an exactitude that has hardly been exactly noticed .", "the keys have been conspicuous enough in the art and heraldry of christendom ; but not everyone has noted the peculiar aptness of the allegory .", "we have now reached the point in history where something must be said of the first appearance and activities of the church in the roman empire ; and for that brief description nothing could be more perfect than that ancient metaphor .", "the early christian was very precisely a person carrying about a key , or what he said was a key .", "the whole christian movement consisted in claiming to possess that key .", "it was not merely a vague forward movement , which might be better represented by a battering - ram .", "it was not something that swept along with it similar or dissimilar things , as does a modern social movement .", "as we shall see in a moment , it rather definitely refused to do so .", "it definitely asserted that there was a key and that it possessed that key and that no other key was like it ; in that sense it was as narrow as you please .", "only it happened to be the key that could unlock the prison of the whole world ; and let in the white daylight of liberty .", "the creed was like a key in three respects ; which can be most conveniently summed up under this symbol .", "first , a key is above all things a thing with a shape .", "it is a thing that depends entirely upon keeping its shape .", "the christian creed is above all things the philosophy of shapes and the enemy of shapelessness .", "that is where it differs from all that formless infinity , manichean or buddhist , which makes a sort of pool of night in the dark heart of asia ; the ideal of uncreating all the creatures .", "that is where it differs also from the analogous vagueness of mere evolutionism , the idea of creatures constantly losing their shape .", "a man told that his solitary latchkey had been melted down with a million others into a buddhistic unity would be annoyed .", "but a man told that his key was gradually growing and sprouting in his pocket , and branching into new wards or complications , would not be more gratified .", "second , the shape of a key is in itself a rather fantastic shape .", "a savage who did not know it was a key would have the greatest difficulty in guessing what it could possibly be .", "and it is fantastic because it is in a sense arbitrary .", "a key is not a matter of abstractions ; in that sense a key is not a matter of argument .", "it either fits the lock or it does not .", "it is useless for men to stand disputing over it , considered by itself ; or reconstructing it on pure principles of geometry or decorative art .", "it is senseless for a man to say he would like a simple key ; it would be far more sensible to do his best with a crowbar .", "and thirdly , as the key is necessarily a thing with a pattern , so this was one having in some ways a rather elaborate pattern .", "when people complain of the religion being so early complicated with theology and things of the kind , they forget that the world had not only got into a hole , but had got into a whole maze of holes and corners .", "the problem itself was a complicated problem ; it did not in the ordinary sense merely involve anything so simple as sin .", "it was also full of secrets , of unexplored and unfathomable fallacies , of unconscious mental diseases , of dangers in all directions .", "if the faith had faced the world only with the platitudes about peace and simplicity some moralists would confine it to , it would not have had the faintest effect on that luxurious and labyrinthine lunatic asylum .", "what it did do we must now roughly describe ; it is enough to say here that there was undoubtedly much about the key that seemed complex , indeed there was only one thing about it that was simple .", "it opened the door .", "there are certain recognised and accepted statements in this matter which may for brevity and convenience be described as lies .", "we have all heard people say that christianity arose in an age of barbarism .", "they might just as well say that christian science arose in an age of barbarism .", "they may think christianity was a symptom of social decay , as i think christian science a symptom of mental decay .", "they may think christianity a superstition that ultimately destroyed a civilisation , as i think christian science a superstition capable ( if taken seriously ) of destroying any number of civilisations .", "but to say that a christian of the fourth or fifth centuries was a barbarian living in a barbarous time is exactly like saying that mrs . eddy was a red indian .", "and if i allowed my constitutional impatience with mrs . eddy to impel me to call her a red indian , i should incidentally be telling a lie .", "we may like or dislike the imperial civilisation of rome in the fourth century ; we may like or dislike the industrial civilisation of america in the nineteenth century ; but that they both were what we commonly mean by a civilisation no person of commonsense could deny if he wanted to .", "this is a very obvious fact but it is also a very fundamental one ; and we must make it the foundation of any further description of constructive christianity in the past .", "for good or evil , it was pre - eminently the product of a civilised age , perhaps of an over - civilised age .", "this is the first fact apart from all praise or blame ; indeed i am so unfortunate as not to feel that i praise a thing when i compare it to christian science .", "but it is at least desirable to know something of the savour of a society in which we are condemning or praising anything ; and the science that connects mrs . eddy with tomahawks or the mater dolorosa with totems may for our general convenience be eliminated .", "the dominant fact , not merely about the christian religion , but about the whole pagan civilisation , was that which has been more than once repeated in these pages .", "the mediterranean was a lake in the real sense of a pool ; in which a number of different cults or cultures were , as the phrase goes , pooled .", "those cities facing each other round the circle of the lake became more and more one cosmopolitan culture .", "on its legal and military side it was the roman empire , but it was very many - sided .", "it might be called superstitious in the sense that it contained a great number of varied superstitions ; but by no possibility can any part of it be called barbarous .", "in this level of cosmopolitan culture arose the christian religion and the catholic church ; and everything in the story suggests that it was felt to be something new and strange .", "those who have tried to suggest that it evolved out of something much milder or more ordinary have found that in this case their evolutionary method is very difficult to apply .", "they may suggest that essenes or ebionites or such things were the seed ; but the seed is invisible ; the tree appears very rapidly full - grown ; and the tree is something totally different .", "it is certainly a christmas tree in the sense that it keeps the kindliness and moral beauty of the story of bethlehem ; but it was as ritualistic as the seven - branched candlestick , and the candles it carried were considerably more than were probably permitted by the first prayer - book of edward the sixth .", "it might well be asked , indeed , why any one accepting the bethlehem tradition should object to golden or gilded ornament since the magi themselves brought gold , why he should dislike incense in the church since incense was brought even to the stable .", "but these are controversies that do not concern me here .", "i am concerned only with the historical fact , more and more admitted by historians , that very early in its history this thing became visible to the civilisation of antiquity ; and that already the church appeared as a church ; with everything that is implied in a church and much that is disliked in a church .", "we will discuss in a moment how far it was like other ritualistic or magical or ascetical mysteries in its own time .", "it was certainly not in the least like merely ethical and idealistic movements in our time .", "it had a doctrine ; it had a discipline ; it had sacraments ; it had degrees of initiation , it admitted people and expelled people ; it affirmed one dogma with authority and repudiated another with anathemas .", "if all these things be the marks of antichrist , the reign of antichrist followed very rapidly upon christ .", "those who maintain that christianity was not a church but a moral movement of idealists have been forced to push the period of its perversion or disappearance further and further back .", "a bishop of rome writes claiming authority in the very lifetime of st . john the evangelist ; and it is described as the first papal aggression .", "a friend of the apostles writes of them as men he knew and says they taught him the doctrine of the sacrament , and mr . wells can only murmur that the reaction towards barbaric blood - rites may have happened rather earlier than might be expected .", "the date of the fourth gospel , which at one time was steadily growing later and later , is now steadily growing earlier and earlier ; until critics are staggered at the dawning and dreadful possibility that it might be something like what it professes to be .", "the last limit of an early date for the extinction of true christianity has probably been found by the latest german professor whose authority is invoked by dean inge .", "this learned scholar says that pentecost was the occasion for the first founding of an ecclesiastical , dogmatic , and despotic church utterly alien to the simple ideals of jesus of nazareth .", "this may be called , in a popular as well as a learned sense , the limit .", "what do professors of this kind imagine that men are made of ?", "suppose it were a matter of any merely human movement , let us say that of the conscientious objectors .", "some say the early christians were pacifists ; i do not believe it for a moment ; but i am quite ready to accept the parallel for the sake of the argument .", "tolstoy or some great preacher of peace among peasants has been shot as a mutineer for defying conscription ; and a little while afterwards his few followers meet together in an upper room in remembrance of him .", "they never had any reason for coming together except that common memory ; they are men of many kinds with nothing to bind them , except that the greatest event in all their lives was this tragedy of the teacher of universal peace .", "they are always repeating his words , revolving his problems , trying to imitate his character .", "the pacifists meet at their pentecost and are possessed of a sudden ecstasy of enthusiasm and wild rush of the whirlwind of inspiration , in the course of which they proceed to establish universal conscription , to increase the navy estimates , to insist on everybody going about armed to the teeth and on all the frontiers bristling with artillery ; the proceedings concluded with the singing of ' boys of the bulldog breed ' and ' don ' t let them scrap the british navy . '", "that is something like a fair parallel to the theory of these critics ; that the transition from their idea of jesus to their idea of catholicism could have been made in the little upper room at pentecost .", "surely anybody ' s commonsense would tell him that enthusiasts who only met through their common enthusiasm for a leader whom they loved , would not instantly rush away to establish everything that he hated .", "no , if the ' ecclesiastical and dogmatic system ' is as old as pentecost it is as old as christmas .", "if we trace it back to such very early christians we must trace it back to christ .", "we may begin then with these two negations .", "it is nonsense to say that the christian faith appeared in a simple age ; in the sense of an unlettered and gullible age .", "it is equally nonsense to say that the christian faith was a simple thing ; in the sense of a vague or childish or merely instinctive thing .", "perhaps the only point in which we could possibly say that the church fitted into the pagan world , is the fact that they were both not only highly civilised but rather complicated .", "they were both emphatically many - sided ; but antiquity was then a many - sided hole , like a hexagonal hole waiting for an equally hexagonal stopper .", "in that sense only the church was many - sided enough to fit the world .", "the six sides of the mediterranean world faced each other across the sea and waited for something that should look all ways at once .", "the church had to be both roman and greek and jewish and african and asiatic .", "in the very words of the apostle of the gentiles , it was indeed all things to all men .", "christianity then was not merely crude and simple and was the very reverse of the growth of a barbaric time .", "but when we come to the contrary charge , we come to a much more plausible charge .", "it is very much more tenable that the faith was but the final phase of the decay of civilisation , in the sense of the excess of civilisation ; that this superstition was a sign that rome was dying , and dying of being much too civilised .", "that is an argument much better worth considering ; and we will proceed to consider it .", "at the beginning of this book i ventured on a general summary of it , in a parallel between the rise of humanity out of nature and the rise of christianity out of history .", "i pointed out that in both cases what had gone before might imply something coming after ; but did not in the least imply what did come after .", "if a detached mind had seen certain apes it might have deduced more anthropoids ; it would not have deduced man or anything within a thousand miles of what man has done .", "in short , it might have seen pithecanthropus or the missing link looming in the future , if possible almost as dimly and doubtfully as we see him looming in the past .", "but if it foresaw him appearing it would also foresee him disappearing , and leaving a few faint traces just as he has left a few faint traces ; if they are traces .", "to foresee that missing link would not be to foresee man , or anything like man .", "now this earlier explanation must be kept in mind ; because it is an exact parallel to the true view of the church ; and the suggestion of it having evolved naturally out of the empire in decay .", "the truth is that in one sense a man might very well have predicted that the imperial decadence would produce something like christianity .", "that is , something a little like and gigantically different .", "a man might very well have said , for instance , ' pleasure has been pursued so extravagantly that there will be a reaction into pessimism .", "perhaps it will take the form of asceticism ; men will mutilate themselves instead of merely hanging themselves . '", "or a man might very reasonably have said , ' if we weary of our greek and latin gods we shall be hankering after some eastern mystery or other ; there will be a fashion in persians or hindoos . '", "or a man of the world might well have been shrewd enough to say , ' powerful people are picking up these fads ; some day the court will adopt one of them and it may become official . '", "or yet another and gloomier prophet might be pardoned for saying , ' the world is going down - hill ; dark and barbarous superstitions will return , it does not matter much which .", "they will all be formless and fugitive like dreams of the night . '", "now it is the intense interest of the case that all these prophecies were really fulfilled ; but it was not the church that fulfilled them .", "it was the church that escaped from them , confounded them , and rose above them in triumph .", "in so far as it was probable that the mere nature of hedonism would produce a mere reaction of asceticism it did produce a mere reaction of asceticism .", "it was the movement called manichean and the church was its mortal enemy .", "in so far as it would have naturally appeared at that point of history , it did appear ; it did also disappear , which was equally natural .", "the mere pessimist reaction did come with the manichees and did go with the manichees .", "but the church did not come with them or go with them ; and she had much more to do with them going than with their coming .", "or again , in so far as it was probable that even the growth of scepticism would bring in a fashion of eastern religion , it did bring it in ; mithras came from far beyond palestine out of the heart of persia , bringing strange mysteries of the blood of bulls .", "certainly there was everything to show that some such fashion would have come in any case but certainly there is nothing in the world to show that it would not have passed away in any case .", "certainly an oriental fad was something eminently fitted to the fourth or fifth century ; but that hardly explains it having remained to the twentieth century , and still going strong .", "in short , in so far as things of the kind might have been expected then , things like mithraism were experienced then ; but it scarcely explains our more recent experiences .", "and if we were still mithraists merely because mithraic head - dresses and other persian apparatuses might be expected to be all the rage in the days of domitian , it would almost seem by this time that we must be a little dowdy .", "it is the same , as will be suggested in a moment , with the idea of official favouritism .", "in so far as such favouritism shown towards a fad was something that might have been looked for during the decline and fall of the roman empire , it was something that did exist in that empire and did decline and fall with it .", "it throws no sort of light on the thing that resolutely refused to decline and fall ; that grew steadily while the other was declining and falling ; and which even at this moment is going forward with fearless energy , when an other aeon has completed its cycle and another civilisation seems almost ready to fall or to decline .", "now the curious fact is this ; that the very heresies which the early church is blamed for crushing testify to the unfairness for which she is blamed .", "in so far as something deserved the blame , it was precisely the things that she is blamed for blaming .", "in so far as something was merely a superstition , she herself condemned that superstition .", "in so far as something was a mere reaction into barbarism , she herself resisted it because it was a reaction into barbarism .", "in so far as something was a fad of the fading empire , that died and deserved to die , it was the church alone that killed it .", "the church is reproached for being exactly what the heresy was repressed for being .", "the explanations of the evolutionary historians and higher critics do really explain why arianism and gnosticism and nestorianism were born - - and also why they died .", "they do not explain why the church was born or why she has refused to die .", "above all , they do not explain why she should have made war on the very evils she is supposed to share .", "let us take a few practical examples of the principle ; the principle that if there was anything that was really a superstition of the dying empire , it did really die with the dying empire ; and certainly was not the same as the very thing that destroyed it .", "for this purpose we will take in order two or three of the most ordinary explanations of christian origins among the modern critics of christianity .", "nothing is more common , for instance , than to find such a modern critic writing something like this : ' christianity was above all a movement of ascetics , a rush into the desert , a refuge in the cloister , a renunciation of all life and happiness ; and this was a part of a gloomy and inhuman reaction against nature itself , a hatred of the body , a horror of the material universe , a sort of universal suicide of the senses and even of the self .", "it came from an eastern fanaticism like that of the fakirs and was ultimately founded on an eastern pessimism , which seems to feel existence itself as an evil . '", "now the most extraordinary thing about this is that it is all quite true ; it is true in every detail except that it happens to be attributed entirely to the wrong person .", "it is not true of the church ; but it is true of the heretics condemned by the church .", "it is as if one were to write a most detailed analysis of the mistakes and misgovernment of the ministers of george the third , merely with the small inaccuracy that the whole story was told about george washington ; or as if somebody made a list of the crimes of the bolshevists with no variation except that they were all attributed to the czar .", "the early church was indeed very ascetic in connection with a totally different philosophy ; but the philosophy of a war on life and nature as such really did exist in the world , if the critics only knew where to look for it .", "what really happened was this .", "when the faith first emerged into the world , the very first thing that happened to it was that it was caught in a sort of swarm of mystical and metaphysical sects , mostly out of the east ; like one lonely golden bee caught in a swarm of wasps .", "to the ordinary onlooker , there did not seem to be much difference , or anything beyond a general buzz ; indeed in a sense there was not much difference so far as stinging and being stung were concerned .", "the difference was that only one golden dot in all that whirring gold - dust had the power of going forth to make hives for all humanity ; to give the world honey and wax or ( as was so finely said in a context too easily forgotten ) ' the two noblest things , which are sweetness and light . '", "the wasps all died that winter ; and half the difficulty is that hardly anyone knows anything about them and most people do not know that they ever existed ; so that the whole story of that first phase of our religion is lost .", "or , to vary the metaphor , when this movement or some other movement pierced the dyke between the east and west and brought more mystical ideas into europe , it brought with it a whole flood of other mystical ideas besides its own , most of them ascetical and nearly all of them pessimistic .", "they very nearly flooded and over - whelmed the purely christian element .", "they came mostly from that region that was a sort of dim borderland between the eastern philosophies and the eastern mythologies , and which shared with the wilder philosophers that curious crave for making fantastic patterns of the cosmos in the shape of maps and genealogical trees .", "those that are supposed to derive from the mysterious manes are called manichean ; kindred cults are more generally known as gnostic ; they are mostly of a labyrinthine complexity , but the point to insist on is the pessimism ; the fact that nearly all in one form or another regarded the creation of the world as the work of an evil spirit .", "some of them had that asiatic atmosphere that surrounds buddhism ; the suggestion that life is a corruption of the purity of being .", "some of them suggested a purely spiritual order which had been betrayed by the coarse and clumsy trick of making such toys as the sun and moon and stars .", "anyhow all this dark tide out of the metaphysical sea in the midst of asia poured through the dykes simultaneously with the creed of christ ; but it is the whole point of the story that the two were not the same ; that they flowed like oil and water .", "that creed remained in the shape of a miracle ; a river still flowing through the sea .", "and the proof of the miracle was practical once more ; it was merely that while all that sea was salt and bitter with the savour of death , of this one stream in the midst of it a man could drink .", "now that purity was preserved by dogmatic definitions and exclusions .", "it could not possibly have been preserved by anything else .", "if the church had not renounced the manicheans it might have become merely manichean .", "if it had not renounced the gnostics it might have become gnostic .", "but by the very fact that it did renounce them it proved that it was not either gnostic or manichean .", "at any rate it proved that something was not either gnostic or manichean ; and what could it be that condemned them , if it was not the original good news of the runners from bethlehem and the trumpet of the resurrection ?", "the early church was ascetic , but she proved that she was not pessimistic , simply by condemning the pessimists .", "the creed declared that man was sinful , but it did not declare that life was evil , and it proved it by damning those who did .", "the condemnation of the early heretics is itself condemned as something crabbed and narrow ; but it was in truth the very proof that the church meant to be brotherly and broad .", "it proved that the primitive catholics were specially eager to explain that they did not think man utterly vile ; that they did not think life incurably miserable ; that they did not think marriage a sin or procreation a tragedy .", "they were ascetic because asceticism was the only possible purge of the sins of the world ; but in the very thunder of their anathemas they affirmed for ever that their asceticism was not to be anti - human or anti - natural ; that they did wish to purge the world and not destroy it .", "and nothing else except those anathemas could possibly have made it clear , amid a confusion which still confuses them with their mortal enemies .", "nothing else but dogma could have resisted the riot of imaginative invention with which the pessimists were waging their war against nature ; with their aeons and their demiurge , their strange logos and their sinister sophia .", "if the church had not insisted on theology , it would have melted into a mad mythology of the mystics , yet further removed from reason or even from rationalism ; and , above all yet further removed from life and from the love of life .", "remember that it would have been an inverted mythology , one contradicting everything natural in paganism ; a mythology in which pluto would be above jupiter and hades hang higher than olympus ; in which brahma and all that has the breath of life would be subject to seeva , shining with the eye of death .", "that the early church was itself full of an ecstatic enthusiasm for renunciation and virginity makes this distinction much more striking and not less so .", "it makes all the more important the place where the dogma drew the line .", "a man might crawl about on all fours like a beast because he was an ascetic .", "he might stand night and day on the top of a pillar and be adored for being an ascetic , but he could not say that the world was a mistake or the marriage state a sin without being a heretic .", "what was it that thus deliberately disengaged itself from eastern asceticism by sharp definition and fierce refusal , if it was not something with an individuality of its own ; and one that was quite different ?", "if the catholics are to be confused with the gnostics , we can only say it was not their fault if they are .", "and it is rather hard that the catholics should be blamed by the same critics for persecuting the heretics and also for sympathising with the heresy .", "the church was not a manichean movement if only because it was not a movement at all .", "it was not even merely an ascetical movement , because it was not a movement at all .", "it would be nearer the truth to call it the tamer of asceticism than the mere leader or loosener of it .", "it was a thing having its own theory of asceticism , its own type of asceticism , but most conspicuous at the moment as the moderator of other theories and types .", "this is the only sense that can be made , for instance , of the story of st . augustine .", "as long as he was a mere man of the world , a mere man drifting with his time , he actually was a manichean .", "it really was quite modern and fashionable to be a manichean .", "but when he became a catholic , the people he instantly turned on and rent in pieces were the manicheans .", "the catholic way of putting it is that he left off being a pessimist to become an ascetic .", "but as the pessimists interpreted asceticism , it ought to be said that he left off being an ascetic to become a saint .", "the war upon life , the denial of nature , were exactly the things he had already found in the heathen world outside the church , and had to renounce when he entered the church .", "the very fact that st . augustine remains a somewhat sterner or sadder figure than st . francis or st . teresa only accentuates the dilemma .", "face to face with the gravest or even grimmest of catholics , we can still ask , ' why did catholicism make war on manichees , if catholicism was manichean ? '", "take another rationalistic explanation of the rise of christendom .", "it is common enough to find another critic saying , ' christianity did not really rise at all ; that is , it did not merely rise from below ; it was imposed from above .", "it is an example of the power of the executive , especially in despotic states .", "the empire was really an empire ; that is , it was really ruled by the emperor .", "one of the emperors happened to become a christian .", "he might just as well have become a mithraist or a jew or a fire - worshipper ; it was common in the decline of the empire for eminent and educated people to adopt these eccentric eastern cults .", "but when he adopted it , it became the official religion of the roman empire ; and when it became the official religion of the roman empire , it became as strong , as universal and as invincible as the roman empire .", "it has only remained in the world as a relic of that empire ; or , as many have put it , it is but the ghost of caesar still hovering over rome . '", "this also is a very ordinary line taken in the criticism of orthodoxy , to say that it was only officialism that ever made it orthodoxy .", "and here again we can call on the heretics to refute it .", "the whole great history of the arian heresy might have been invented to explode this idea .", "it is a very interesting history often repeated in this connection ; and the upshot of it is in that in so far as there ever was a merely official religion , it actually died because it was merely an official religion ; and what destroyed it was the real religion .", "arius advanced a version of christianity which moved , more or less vaguely , in the direction of what we should call unitarianism ; though it was not the same , for it gave to christ a curious intermediary position between the divine and human .", "the point is that it seemed to many more reasonable and less fanatical ; and among these were many of the educated class in a sort of reaction against the first romance of conversion .", "arians were a sort of moderates and a sort of modernists .", "and it was felt that after the first squabbles this was the final form of rationalised religion into which civilisation might well settle down .", "it was accepted by divus caesar himself and became the official orthodoxy ; the generals and military princes drawn from the new barbarian powers of the north , full of the future , supported it strongly .", "but the sequel is still more important .", "exactly as a modern man might pass through unitarianism to complete agnosticism , so the greatest of the arian emperors ultimately shed the last and thinnest pretense of christianity ; he abandoned ever arius and returned to apollo .", "he was a caesar of the caesars ; a soldier , a scholar , a man of large ambitions and ideals ; another of the philosopher kings .", "it seemed to him as if at his signal the sun rose again .", "the oracles began to speak like birds beginning to sing at dawn ; paganism was itself again ; the gods returned .", "it seemed the end of that strange interlude of an alien superstition .", "and indeed it was the end of it , so far as there was a mere interlude of mere superstition .", "it was the end of it , in so far as it was the fad of an emperor or the fashion of a generation .", "if there really was something that began with constantine , then it ended with julian .", "that this purely christian dogma actually for a second time rebelled against the empire , and actually for a second time refounded the church in spite of the empire , is itself a proof that there was something positive and personal working in the world , other than whatever official faith the empire chose to adopt .", "this power utterly destroyed the official faith that the empire did adopt .", "it went on its own way as it is going on its own way still .", "there are any number of other examples in which is repeated precisely the same process we have reviewed in the case of the manichean and the arian .", "a few centuries afterwards , for instance , the church had to maintain the same trinity , which is simply the logical side of love , against another appearance of the isolated and simplified deity in the religion of islam .", "yet there are some who cannot see what the crusaders were fighting for ; and some even who talk as if christianity had never been anything but a form of what they call hebraism coming in with the decay of hellenism .", "those people must certainly be very much puzzled by the war between the crescent and the cross .", "if christianity had never been anything but a simpler morality sweeping away polytheism , there is no reason why christendom should not have been swept into islam .", "the truth is that islam itself was a barbaric reaction against that very humane complexity that is really a christian character ; that idea of balance in the deity , as of balance in the family , that makes that creed a sort of sanity , and that sanity the soul of civilisation .", "and that is why the church is from the first a thing holding its own position and point of view , quite apart from the accidents and anarchies of its age .", "that is why it deals blows impartially right and left , at the pessimism of the manichean or the optimism of the pelagian .", "it was not a manichean movement because it was not a movement at all .", "it was not an official fashion because it was not a fashion at all .", "it was something that could coincide with movements and fashions , could control them and could survive them .", "the modern missionary , with his palm - leaf hat and his umbrella , has become rather a figure of fun .", "he is chaffed among men of the world for the ease with which he can be eaten by cannibals and the narrow bigotry which makes him regard the cannibal culture as lower than his own .", "perhaps the best part of the joke is that the men of the world do not see that the joke is against themselves .", "it is rather ridiculous to ask a man just about to be boiled in a pot and eaten , at a purely religious feast , why he does not regard all religions as equally friendly and fraternal .", "but there is a more subtle criticism uttered against the more old - fashioned missionary ; to the effect that he generalises too broadly about the heathen and pays too little attention to the difference between mahomet and mumbo - jumbo .", "there was probably truth in this complaint , especially in the past ; but it is my main contention here that the exaggeration is all the other way at present .", "it is the temptation of the professors to treat mythologies too much as theologies ; as things thoroughly thought out are seriously held .", "it is the temptation of the intellectuals to take much too seriously the fine shades of various schools in the rather irresponsible metaphysics of asia .", "above all it is their temptation to miss the real truth implied in the idea of aquinas contra gentiles or athanasius contra mundum .", "if the missionary says , in fact , that he is exceptional in being a christian , and that the rest of the races and religions can be collectively classified as heathen , he is perfectly right .", "he may say it in quite the wrong spirit , in which case he is spiritually wrong .", "but in the cold light of philosophy and history , he is intellectually right .", "he may not be right minded , but he is right .", "he may not even have a right to be right , but he is right .", "the outer world to which he brings his creed really is some thing subject to certain generalisations covering all its varieties , and is not merely a variety of similar creeds .", "perhaps it is in any case too much of a temptation to pride or hypocrisy to call it heathenry .", "perhaps it could be better simply to call it humanity .", "but there are certain broad characteristics of what we call humanity while it remains in what we call heathenry .", "they are not necessarily bad characteristics ; some of them are worthy of the respect of christendom ; some of them have been absorbed and transfigured in the substance of christendom .", "but they existed before christendom and they still exist outside christendom , as certainly as the sea existed before a boat and all round a boat ; and they have as strong and as universal and as unmistakable a savour as the sea .", "for instance , all real scholars who have studied the greek and roman culture say one thing about it .", "they agree that in the ancient world religion was one thing and philosophy quite another .", "there was very little effort to rationalise and at the same time to realise a real belief in the gods .", "there was very little pretense of any such real belief among the philosophers .", "but neither had the passion or perhaps the power to persecute the others save in particular and peculiar cases ; and neither the philosopher in his school nor the priest in his temple seems ever to have seriously contemplated his own concept as covering the world .", "a priest sacrificing to artemis in calydon did not seem to think that people would some day sacrifice to her instead of to isis beyond the sea ; a sage following the vegetarian rule of the neo - pythagoreans did not seem to think it would universally prevail and exclude the methods of epictetus or epicurus .", "we may call this liberality if we like ; i am not dealing with an argument but describing an atmosphere .", "all this , i say , is admitted by all scholars ; but what neither the learned nor the unlearned have fully realised , perhaps , is that this description is really an exact description of all non - christian civilisation today ; and especially of the great civilisations of the east .", "eastern paganism really is much more all of a piece , just as ancient paganism was much more all of a piece , than the modern critics admit .", "it is a many - coloured persian carpet as the other was a varied and tessellated roman pavement ; but the one real crack right across that pavement came from the earthquake of the crucifixion .", "the modern european seeking his religion in asia is reading his religion into asia .", "religion there is something different ; it is both more and less .", "he is like a man mapping out the sea as land ; marking waves as mountains ; not understanding the nature of its peculiar permanence .", "it is perfectly true that asia has its own dignity and poetry and high civilisation .", "but it is not in the least true that asia has its own definite dominions of moral government , where all loyalty is conceived in terms of morality ; as when we say that ireland is catholic or that new england was puritan .", "the map is not marked out in religions , in our sense of churches .", "the state of mind is far more subtle , more relative , more secretive , more varied and changing , like the colours of the snake .", "the moslem is the nearest approach to a militant christian ; and that is precisely because he is a much nearer approach to an envoy from western civilisation .", "the moslem in the heart of asia almost stands for the soul of europe .", "and as he stands between them and europe in the matter of space so he stands between them and christianity in the matter of time .", "in that sense the moslems in asia are merely like the nestorians in asia .", "islam , historically speaking , is the greatest of the eastern heresies .", "it owed something to the quite isolated and unique individuality of israel ; but it owed more to byzantium and the theological enthusiasm of christendom .", "it owed something even to the crusades .", "it owed nothing whatever to asia .", "it owed nothing to the atmosphere of the ancient and traditional world of asia , with its immemorial etiquette and its bottomless or bewildering philosophies .", "all that ancient and actual asia felt the entrance of islam as something foreign and western and warlike , piercing it like a spear .", "even where we might trace in dotted lines the domains of asiatic religions , we should probably be reading into them something dogmatic and ethical belonging to our own religion .", "it is as if a european ignorant of the american atmosphere were to suppose that each ' state ' was a separate sovereign state as patriotic as france or poland ; or that when a yankee referred fondly to his ' home town ' he meant he had no other nation , like a citizen of ancient athens or rome .", "as he would be reading a particular sort of loyalty into america , so we are reading a particular sort of loyalty into asia .", "there are loyalties of other kinds ; but not what men in the west mean by being a believer , by trying to be a christian , by being a good protestant or a practising catholic .", "in the intellectual world it means something far more vague and varied by doubts and speculations .", "in the moral world it means something far more loose and drifting .", "a professor of persian at one of our great universities , so passionate a partisan of the east as practically to profess a contempt for the west , said to a friend of mine : ' you will never understand oriental religions , because you always conceive religion as connected with ethics .", "this kind has really nothing to do with ethics . '", "we have most of us known some masters of the higher wisdom , some pilgrims upon the path to power , some eastern esoteric saints and seers , who had really nothing to do with ethics .", "something different , something detached and irresponsible , tinges the moral atmosphere of asia and touches even that of islam .", "it was very realistically caught in the atmosphere of hassan ; and a very horrible atmosphere too .", "it is even more vivid in such glimpses as we get of the genuine and ancient cults of asia .", "deeper than the depths of metaphysics , far down in the abysses of mystical meditations under all that solemn universe of spiritual things , is a secret , an intangible and a terrible levity .", "it does not really very much matter what one does .", "either because they do not believe in a devil , or because they do believe in a destiny , or because experience here is everything and eternal life something totally different , but for some reason they are totally different .", "i have read somewhere that there were three great friends famous in medieval persia for their unity of mind .", "one became the responsible and respected vizier of the great king ; the second was the poet omar , pessimist and epicurean , drinking wine in mockery of mahomet ; the third was the old man of the mountain who maddened his people with hashish that they might murder other people with daggers .", "it does not really much matter what one does .", "the sultan in hassan would have understood all those three men ; indeed he was all those three men .", "but this sort of universalist cannot have what we call a character ; it is what we call a chaos .", "he cannot choose ; he cannot fight ; he cannot repent ; he cannot hope .", "he is not in the same sense creating something ; for creation means rejection .", "he is not , in our religious phrase , making his soul .", "for our doctrine of salvation does really mean a labour like that of a man trying to make a statue beautiful ; a victory with wings .", "for that there must be a final choice , for a man cannot make statues without rejecting stone .", "and there really is this ultimate unmorality behind the metaphysics of asia .", "and the reason is that there has been nothing through all those unthinkable ages to bring the human mind sharply to the point ; to tell it that the time has come to choose .", "the mind has lived too much in eternity .", "the soul has been too immortal , in the special sense that it ignores the idea of mortal sin .", "it has had too much of eternity , in the sense that it has not had enough of the hour of death and the day of judgement .", "it is not crucial enough ; in the literal sense that it has not had enough of the cross .", "that is what we mean when we say that asia is very old .", "but strictly speaking europe is quite as old as asia ; indeed in a sense any place is as old as any other place .", "what we mean is that europe has not merely gone on growing older .", "it has been born again .", "asia is all humanity ; as it has worked out its human doom .", "asia , in its vast territory , in its varied populations , in its heights of past achievement and its depths of dark speculation , is itself a world ; and represents something of what we mean when we speak of the world .", "it is a cosmos rather than a continent .", "it is the world as man has made it ; and contains many of the most wonderful things that man has made .", "therefore asia stands as the one representative of paganism and the one rival to christendom .", "but everywhere else where we get glimpses of that mortal destiny , they suggest stages in the same story .", "where asia trails away into the southern archipelagoes of the savages , or where a darkness full of nameless shapes dwells in the heart of africa , or where the last survivors of lost races linger in the cold volcano of prehistoric america , it is all the same story ; sometimes perhaps later chapters of the same story .", "it is men entangled in the forest of their own mythology ; it is men drowned in the sea of their own metaphysics .", "polytheists have grown weary of the wildest of fictions .", "monotheists have grown weary of the most wonderful of truths .", "diabolists here and there have such a hatred of heaven and earth that they have tried to take refuge in hell .", "it is the fall of man ; and it is exactly that fall that was being felt by our own fathers at the first moment of the roman decline .", "we also were going down that side road ; down that easy slope ; following the magnificent procession of the high civilisations of the world .", "none of these things occupying europe in the absence of christendom would bear the least likeness to christendom .", "since the pythagorean metempsychosis would still be there , we might call it the pythagorean religion as we talk about the buddhist religion .", "as the noble maxims of socrates would still be there , we might call it the socratic religion as we talk about the confucian religion .", "as the popular holiday was still marked by a mythological hymn to adonis , we might call it the religion of adonis as we talk about the religion of juggernaut .", "as literature would still be based on the greek mythology , we might call that mythology a religion , as we call the hindu mythology a religion .", "we might say that there were so many thousands or millions of people belonging to that religion , in the sense of frequenting such temples or merely living in a land full of such temples .", "but if we called the last tradition of pythagoras or the lingering legend of adonis by the name of a religion , then we must find some other name for the church of christ .", "if anybody says that philosophic maxims presented through many ages , or mythological temples frequented by many people , are things of the same class and category as the church , it is enough to answer quite simply that they are not .", "nobody thinks they are the same when he sees them in the old civilisation of greece and rome ; nobody would think they were the same if that civilisation had lasted two thousand years longer and existed at the present day ; nobody can in reason think they are the same in the parallel pagan civilisation in the east , as it is at the present day .", "none of these philosophies or mythologies are anything like a church ; certainly nothing like a church militant .", "and , as i have shown elsewhere , even if this rule were not already proved , the exception would prove the rule .", "the rule is that pre - christian or pagan history does not produce a church militant ; and the exception , or what some would call the exception , is that islam is at least militant if it is not church .", "and that is precisely because islam is the one religious rival that is not pre - christian and therefore not in that sense pagan .", "islam was a product of christianity ; even if it was a by - product ; even if it was a bad product .", "it was a heresy or parody emulating and therefore imitating the church .", "it is no more surprising that mahomedanism had something of her fighting spirit than that quakerism had something of her peaceful spirit .", "after christianity there are any number of such emulations or extensions .", "before it there are none .", "the church militant is thus unique because it is an army marching to effect a universal deliverance .", "the bondage from which the world is thus to be delivered is something that is very well symbolised by the state of asia as by the state of pagan europe .", "i do not mean merely their moral or immoral state .", "the missionary , as a matter of fact , has much more to say for himself than the enlightened imagine even when he says that the heathen are idolatrous and immoral .", "a touch or two of realistic experience about eastern religion , even about moslem religion , will reveal some startling insensibilities in ethics ; such as the practical indifference to the line between passion and perversion .", "it is not prejudice but practical experience which says that asia is full of demons as well as gods .", "but the evil i mean is in the mind .", "and it is in the mind wherever the mind has worked for a long time alone .", "it is what happens when all dreaming and thinking have come to an end in an emptiness that is at once negation and necessity .", "it sounds like an anarchy , but it is also a slavery .", "it is what has been called already the wheel of asia ; all those recurrent arguments about cause and effect or things beginning and ending in the mind , which make it impossible for the soul really to strike out and go anywhere or do anything .", "and the point is that it is not necessarily peculiar to asiatics ; it would have been true in the end of europeans - - if something had not happened .", "if the church militant had not been a thing marching , all men would have been marking time .", "if the church militant had not endured a discipline , all men would have endured a slavery .", "what that universal yet fighting faith brought into the world was hope .", "perhaps the one thing common to mythology and philosophy was that both were really sad ; in the sense that they had not this hope even if they had touches of faith or charity .", "we may call buddhism a faith ; though to us it seems more like a doubt .", "we may call the lord of compassion a lord of charity , though it seems to us a very pessimist sort of pity .", "but those who insist most on the antiquity and size of such cults must agree that in all their ages they have not covered all their areas with that sort of practical and pugnacious hope .", "in christendom hope has never been absent ; rather it has been errant , extravagant , excessively fixed upon fugitive chances .", "its perpetual revolution and reconstruction has at least been an evidence of people being in better spirits .", "europe did very truly renew its youth like the eagles ; just as the eagles of rome rose again over the legions of napoleon , or we have seen soaring but yesterday the silver eagle of poland .", "but in the polish case ever revolution always went with religion .", "napoleon himself sought a reconciliation with religion .", "religion could never be finally separated even from the most hostile of the hopes ; simply because it was the very source of the hopefulness .", "and the cause of this is to be found simply in the religion itself .", "those who quarrel about it seldom even consider it in itself .", "there is neither space nor place for such a full consideration here ; but a word may be said to explain a reconciliation that always recurs and still seems to require explanation .", "there will be no end to the weary debates about liberalising theology , until people face the fact that the only liberal part of it is really the dogmatic part .", "if dogma is incredible , it is because it is incredibly liberal .", "if it is irrational , it can only be in giving us more assurance of freedom than is justified by reason .", "the obvious example is that essential form of freedom which we call free - will .", "it is absurd to say that a man shows his liberality in denying his liberty .", "but it is tenable that he has to affirm a transcendental doctrine in order to affirm his liberty .", "there is a sense in which we might reasonably say that if man has a primary power of choice , he has in that fact a super - natural power of creation , as if he could raise the dead or give birth to the unbegotten .", "possibly in that case a man must be a miracle ; and certainly in that case he must be a miracle in order to be a man ; and most certainly in order to be a free man .", "but it is absurd to forbid him to be a free man and do it in the name of a more free religion .", "the moral of all this is an old one ; that religion is revelation .", "in other words it is a vision , and a vision received by faith ; but it is a vision of reality .", "the faith consists in a conviction of its reality .", "that , for example , is the difference between a vision and a day - dream .", "and that is the difference between religion and mythology .", "that is the difference between faith and all that fancy - work , quite human and more or less healthy , which we considered under the head of mythology .", "there is something in the reasonable use of the very word vision that implies two things about it ; first that it comes very rarely , possibly that it comes only once ; and secondly that it probably comes once and for all .", "a day - dream may come every day .", "a day - dream may be different every day .", "it is something more than the difference between telling ghost - stories and meeting a ghost .", "but if it is not a mythology neither is it a philosophy .", "it is not a philosophy because , being a vision , it is not a pattern but a picture .", "it is not one of those simplifications which resolve everything into an abstract explanation ; as that everything is recurrent ; or everything is relative ; or everything is inevitable ; or everything is illusive .", "it is not a process but a story .", "it has proportions , of the sort seen in a picture or a story ; it has not the regular repetitions of a pattern or a process ; but it replaces them by being convincing as a picture or a story is convincing .", "in other words , it is exactly , as the phrase goes , like life .", "for indeed it is life .", "an example of what is meant here might well be found in the treatment of the problem of evil .", "it is easy enough to make a plan of life of which the background is black , as the pessimists do ; and then admit a speck or two of star - dust more or less accidental , or at least in the literal sense insignificant .", "and it is easy enough to make another plan on white paper , as the christian scientists do , and explain or explain away somehow such dots or smudges as may be difficult to deny .", "lastly it is easiest of all perhaps , to say as the dualists do , that life is like a chess - board in which the two are equal , and can as truly be said to consist of white squares on a black board or of black squares on a white board .", "but every man feels in his heart that none of these three paper plans is like life ; that none of these worlds is one in which he can live .", "something tells him that the ultimate idea of a world is not bad or even neutral ; staring at the sky or the grass or the truths of mathematics or even a new - laid egg , he has a vague feeling like the shadow of that saying of the great christian philosopher , st . thomas aquinas , ' every existence , as such , is good . '", "on the other hand , something else tells him that it is unmanly and debased and even diseased to minimise evil to a dot or even a blot .", "he realises that optimism is morbid .", "it is if possible even more morbid than pessimism .", "these vague but healthy feelings , if he followed them out , would result in the idea that evil is in some way an exception but an enormous exception ; and ultimately that evil is an invasion or yet more truly a rebellion .", "he does not think that everything is right or that every thing is wrong , or that everything is equally right and wrong .", "but he does think that right has a right to be right and therefore a right to be there , and wrong has no right to be wrong and therefore no right to be there .", "it is the prince of the world ; but it is also a usurper .", "so he will apprehend vaguely what the vision will give to him vividly ; no less than all that strange story of treason in heaven and the great desertion by which evil damaged and tried to destroy a cosmos that it could not create .", "it is a very strange story and its proportions and its lines and colours are as arbitrary and absolute as the artistic composition of a picture .", "it is a vision which we do in fact symbolise in pictures by titanic limbs and passionate tints of plumage ; all that abysmal vision of falling stars and the peacock panoplies of the night .", "but that strange story has one small advantage over the diagrams .", "it is like life .", "the catholic faith is the reconciliation because it is the realisation both of mythology and philosophy .", "it is a story and in that sense one of a hundred stories ; only it is a true story .", "it is a philosophy and in that sense one of a hundred philosophies ; only it is a philosophy that is like life .", "but above all , it is a reconciliation because it is something that can only be called the philosophy of stories .", "that normal narrative instinct which produced all the fairy tales is something that is neglected by all the philosophies - - except one .", "the faith is the justification of that popular instinct ; the finding of a philosophy for it or the analysis of the philosophy in it .", "exactly as a man in an adventure story has to pass various tests to save his life , so the man in this philosophy has to pass several tests and save his soul .", "in both there is an idea of free will operating under conditions of design ; in other words , there is an aim and it is the business of a man to aim at it ; we therefore watch to see whether he will hit it .", "now this deep and democratic and dramatic instinct is derided and dismissed in all the other philosophies .", "for all the other philosophies avowedly end where they begin ; and it is the definition of a story that it ends differently ; that it begins in one place and ends in another .", "from buddha and his wheel to akhen aten and his disc , from pythagoras with his abstraction of number to confucius with his religion of routine , there is not one of them that does not in some way sin against the soul of a story .", "there is none of them that really grasps this human notion of the tale , the test , the adventure ; the ordeal of the free man .", "each of them starves the story - telling instinct , so to speak , and does something to spoil human life considered as a romance ; either by fatalism ( pessimist or optimist ) and that destiny that is the death of adventure ; or by indifference and that detachment that is the death of drama ; or by a fundamental scepticism that dissolves the actors into atoms ; or by a materialistic limitation blocking the vista of moral consequences ; or a mechanical recurrence making even moral tests monotonous ; or a bottomless relativity making even practical tests insecure .", "there is such a thing as a human story ; and there is such a thing as the divine story which is also a human story ; but there is no such thing as a hegelian story or a monist story or a relativist story or a determinist story ; for every story , yes , even a penny dreadful or a cheap novelette , has something in it that belongs to our universe and not theirs .", "every short story does truly begin with creation and end with a last judgement .", "and that is the reason why the myths and the philosophers were at war until christ came .", "that is why the athenian democracy killed socrates out of respect for the gods ; and why every strolling sophist gave himself the airs of a socrates whenever he could talk in a superior fashion of the gods ; and why the heretic pharaoh wrecked his huge idols and temples for an abstraction and why the priests could return in triumph and trample his dynasty under foot ; and why buddhism had to divide itself from brahminism , and why in every age and country outside christendom there has been a feud for ever between the philosopher and the priest .", "it is easy enough to say that the philosopher is generally the more rational ; it is easier still to forget that the priest is always the more popular .", "for the priest told the people stories ; and the philosopher did not understand the philosophy of stories .", "it came into the world with the story of christ .", "and this is why it had to be a revelation or vision given from above .", "any one who will think of the theory of stories or pictures will easily see the point .", "the true story of the world must be told by somebody to somebody else .", "by the very nature of a story it cannot be left to occur to anybody .", "a story has proportions , variations , surprises , particular dispositions , which cannot be worked out by rule in the abstract , like a sum .", "we could not deduce whether or no achilles would give back the body of hector from a pythagorean theory of number or recurrence ; and we could not infer for ourselves in what way the world would get back the body of christ , merely from being told that all things go round and round upon the wheel of buddha .", "a man might perhaps work out a proposition of euclid without having heard of euclid ; but he would not work out the precise legend of eurydice without having heard of eurydice .", "at any rate he would not be certain how the story would end and whether orpheus was ultimately defeated .", "still less could he guess the end of our story ; or the legend of our orpheus rising , not defeated from , the dead .", "but even with that we return to the more specially christian symbol in the same tradition ; the perfect pattern of the keys .", "this is a historical and not a theological outline , and it is not my duty here to defend in detail that theology , but merely to point out that it could not even be justified in design without being justified in detail - - like a key .", "beyond the broad suggestion of this chapter i attempt no apologetic about why the creed should be accepted .", "but in answer to the historical query of why it was accepted and is accepted , i answer for millions of others in my reply ; because it fits the lock , because it is like life .", "it is one among many stories ; only it happens to be a true story .", "it is one among many philosophies ; only it happens to be the truth .", "we accept it ; and the ground is solid under our feet and the road is open before us .", "it does not imprison us in a dream of destiny or a consciousness of the universal delusion .", "it opens to us not only incredible heavens but what seems to some an equally incredible earth , and makes it credible .", "this is the sort of truth that is hard to explain because it is a fact ; but it is a fact to which we can call witnesses .", "we are christians and catholics not because we worship a key , but because we have passed a door ; and felt the wind that is the trumpet of liberty blow over the land of the living .", "it is not the purpose of this book to trace the subsequent history of christianity , especially the later history of christianity ; which involves controversies of which i hope to write more fully elsewhere .", "it is devoted only to the suggestion that christianity , appearing amid heathen humanity , had all the character of a unique thing and even of a supernatural thing .", "it was not like any of the other things ; and the more we study it the less it looks like any of them .", "but there is a certain rather peculiar character which marked it henceforward even down to the present moment , with a note on which this book may well conclude .", "now if we were to dip below the surface of history , as it is not in the scope of this argument to do , i suspect that we should find several occasions when christendom was thus to all appearance hollowed out from within by doubt and indifference , so that only the old christian shell stood as the pagan shell had stood so long .", "but the difference is that in every such case , the sons were fanatical for the faith where the fathers had been slack about it .", "this is obvious in the case of the transition from the renaissance to the counter - reformation .", "it is obvious in the case of a transition from the eighteenth century to the many catholic revivals of our own time .", "but i suspect many other examples which would be worthy of separate studies .", "the faith is not a survival .", "it is not as if the druids had managed somehow to survive somewhere for two thousand years .", "that is what might have happened in asia or ancient europe , in that indifference or tolerance in which mythologies and philosophies could live for ever side by side .", "it has not survived ; it has returned again and again in this western world of rapid change and institutions perpetually perishing .", "europe , in the tradition of rome , was always trying revolution and reconstruction ; rebuilding a universal republic .", "and it always began by rejecting this old stone and ended by making it the head of the corner ; by bringing it back from the rubbish - heap to make it the crown of the capitol .", "some stones of stonehenge are standing and some are fallen ; and as the stone falleth so shall it lie .", "there has not been a druidic renaissance every century or two , with the young druids crowned with fresh mistletoe , dancing in the sun on salisbury plain .", "stonehenge has not been rebuilt in every style of architecture from the rude round norman to the last rococo of the baroque .", "the sacred place of the druids is safe from the vandalism of restoration .", "but the church in the west was not in a world where things were too old to die ; but in one in which they were always young enough to get killed .", "the consequence was that superficially and externally it often did get killed ; nay , it sometimes wore out even without getting killed .", "and there follows a fact i find it somewhat difficult to describe , yet which i believe to be very real and rather important .", "as a ghost is the shadow of a man , and in that sense the shadow of life , so at intervals there passed across this endless life a sort of shadow of death .", "it came at the moment when it would have perished had it been perishable .", "it withered away everything that was perishable .", "if such animal parallels were worthy of the occasion we might say that the snake shuddered and shed a skin and went on , or even that the cat went into convulsions as it lost only one of its nine - hundred - and - ninety - nine lives .", "it is truer to say , in a more dignified image , that a clock struck and nothing happened ; or that a bell tolled for an execution that was everlastingly postponed .", "what was the meaning of all that dim but vast unrest of the twelfth century ; when , as it has been so finely said , julian stirred in his sleep ?", "why did there appear so strangely early , in the twilight of dawn after the dark ages , so deep a scepticism as that involved in urging nominalism against realism ?", "for realism against nominalism was really realism against rationalism , or something more destructive than what we call rationalism .", "the answer is that just as some might have thought the church simply a part of the roman empire , so others later might have thought the church only a part of the dark ages .", "the dark ages ended as the empire had ended , and the church should have departed with them , if she had been also one of the shades of night .", "it was another of those spectral deaths or simulations of death .", "i mean that if nominalism had succeeded , it would have been as if arianism had succeeded , it would have been the beginning of a confession that christianity had failed .", "for nominalism is a far more fundamental scepticism than mere atheism .", "such was the question that was openly asked as the dark ages broadened into that daylight that we call the modern world .", "but what was the answer ?", "the answer was aquinas in the chair of aristotle , taking all knowledge for his province ; and tens of thousands of lads down to the lowest ranks of peasant and serf , living in rags and on crusts about the great colleges , to listen to the scholastic philosophy .", "but all these cases are remote in date and could only be proved in detail .", "we can see the fact much more clearly in the case when the paganism of the renaissance ended christianity and christianity unaccountably began all over again .", "but we can see it most clearly of all in the case which is close to us and full of manifest and minute evidence ; the case of the great decline of religion that began about the time of voltaire .", "for indeed it is our own case , and we ourselves have seen the decline of that decline .", "the two hundred years since voltaire do not flash past us at a glance like the fourth and fifth centuries or the twelfth and thirteenth centuries .", "in our own case we can see this oft - repeated process close at hand ; we know how completely a society can lose its fundamental religion without abolishing its official religion ; we know how men can all become agnostics long before they abolish bishops .", "and we know that also in this last ending , which really did look to us like the final ending , the incredible thing has happened again ; the faith has a better following among the young men than among the old .", "when ibsen spoke of the new generation knocking at the door , he certainly never expected that it would be the church - door .", "at least five times , therefore , with the arian and the albigensian , with the humanist sceptic , after voltaire and after darwin , the faith has to all appearance gone to the dogs .", "in each of these five cases it was the dog that died .", "how complete was the collapse and how strange the reversal we can only see in detail in the case nearest to our own time .", "a thousand things have been said about the oxford movement and the parallel french catholic revival ; but few have made us feel the simplest fact about it ; that it was a surprise .", "it was a puzzle as well as a surprise ; because it seemed to most people like a river turning backwards from the sea and trying to climb back into the mountains .", "to have read the literature of the eighteenth and nineteenth centuries is to know that nearly everybody had come to take it for granted that religion was a thing that would continually broaden like a river , till it reached an infinite sea .", "some of them expected it to go down in a cataract of catastrophe , most of them expected it to widen into an estuary of equality and moderation ; but all of them thought its returning on itself a prodigy as incredible as witchcraft .", "in other words , most moderate people thought that faith like freedom would be slowly broadened down , and some advanced people thought that it would be very rapidly broadened down , not to say flattened out .", "all that world of guizot and macaulay and the commercial and scientific liberality was perhaps more certain than any men before or since about the direction in which the world is going .", "people were so certain about the direction that they only differed about the pace .", "many anticipated with alarm , and a few with sympathy , a jacobin revolt that should guillotine the archbishop of canterbury or a chartist riot that should hang the parsons on the lampposts .", "but it seemed like a convulsion in nature that the archbishop instead of losing his head should be looking for his mitre ; and that instead of diminishing the respect due to parsons we should strengthen it to the respect due to priests .", "it revolutionised their very vision of revolution ; and turned their very topsyturveydom topsyturvey .", "in short , the whole world being divided about whether the stream was going slower or faster , became conscious of something vague but vast that was going against the stream .", "both in fact and figure there is something deeply disturbing about this , and that for an essential reason .", "a dead thing can go with the stream , but only a living thing can go against it .", "a dead dog can be lifted on the leaping water with all the swiftness of a leaping hound ; but only a live dog can swim backwards .", "a paper boat can ride the rising deluge with all the airy arrogance of a fairy ship , but if the fairy ship sails up stream it is really rowed by the fairies .", "and among the things that merely went with the tide of apparent progress and enlargement there was many a demagogue or sophist whose wild gestures were in truth as lifeless as the movement of a dead dog ' s limbs wavering in the eddying water ; and many a philosophy uncommonly like a paper boat , of the sort that it is not difficult to knock into a cocked hat .", "but even the truly living and even life - giving things that went with that stream did not thereby prove that they were living or life - giving .", "it was this other force that was unquestionably and unaccountably alive ; the mysterious and unmeasured energy that was thrusting back the river .", "that was felt to be like the movement of some great monster ; and it was none the less clearly a living monster because most people thought it a prehistoric monster .", "it was none the less an unnatural , an incongruous , and to some a comic upheaval ; as if the great sea serpent had suddenly risen out of the round pond - - unless we consider the sea serpent as more likely to live in the serpentine .", "this flippant element in the fantasy must not be missed , for it was one of the clearest testimonies to the unexpected nature of the reversal .", "that age did really feel that a preposterous quality in prehistoric animals belonged also to historic rituals ; that mitres and tiaras were like the horns or crests of antediluvian creatures ; and that appealing to a primitive church was like dressing up as a primitive man .", "the world is still puzzled by that movement ; but most of all because it still moves .", "i have said something elsewhere of the rather random sort of reproaches that are still directed against it and its much greater consequences ; it is enough to say here that the more such critics reproach it the less they explain it .", "in a sense it is my concern here , if not to explain it , at least to suggest the direction of the explanation ; but above all , it is my concern to point out one particular thing about it .", "and that is that it had all happened before ; and even many times before .", "to sum up , in so far as it is true that recent centuries have seen an attenuation of christian doctrine , recent centuries have only seen what the most remote centuries have seen .", "and even the modern example has only ended as the medieval and pre - medieval examples ended .", "it is already clear , and grows clearer every day , that it is not going to end in the disappearance of the diminished creed ; but rather in the return of those parts of it that had really disappeared .", "it is going to end as the arian compromise ended , as the attempts at a compromise with nominalism and even with albigensianism ended .", "but the point to seize in the modern case , as in all the other cases is that what returns is not in that sense a simplified theology ; not according to that view a purified theology ; it is simply theology .", "it is that enthusiasm for theological studies that marked the most doctrinal ages ; it is the divine science .", "an old don with d . d . after his name may have become the typical figure of a bore ; but that was because he was himself bored with his theology , not because he was excited about it .", "it was precisely because he was admittedly more interested in the latin of plautus than in the latin of augustine , in the greek of xenophon than in the greek of chrysostom .", "it was precisely because he was more interested in a dead tradition than in a decidedly living tradition .", "in short , it was precisely because he was himself a type of the time in which christian faith was weak .", "it was not because men would not hail , if they could , the wonderful and almost wild vision of a doctor of divinity .", "this is the final fact , and it is the most extraordinary of all .", "the faith has not only often died but it has often died of old age .", "it has not only been often killed but it has often died a natural death ; in the sense of coming to a natural and necessary end .", "it is obvious that it has survived the most savage and the most universal persecutions from the shock of the diocletian fury to the shock of the french revolution .", "but it has a more strange and even a more weird tenacity ; it has survived not only war but peace .", "it has not only died often but degenerated often and decayed often ; it has survived its own weakness and even its own surrender .", "we need not repeat what is so obvious about the beauty of the end of christ in its wedding of youth and death .", "but this is almost as if christ had lived to the last possible span , had been a white - haired sage of a hundred and died of natural decay , and then had risen again rejuvenated , with trumpets and the rending of the sky .", "it was said truly enough that human christianity in its recurrent weakness was sometimes too much wedded to the powers of the world ; but if it was wedded it has very often been widowed .", "it is a strangely immortal sort of widow .", "an enemy may have said at one moment that it was but an aspect of the power of the caesars ; and it sounds as strange to - day as to call it an aspect of the pharaohs .", "an enemy might say that it was the official faith of feudalism ; and it sounds as convincing now as to say that it was bound to perish with the ancient roman villa .", "all these things did indeed run their course to its normal end ; and there seemed no course for the religion but to end with them .", "it ended and it began again . '", "heaven and earth shall pass away , but my words shall not pass away . '", "the civilisation of antiquity was the whole world : and men no more dreamed of its ending than of the ending of daylight .", "they could not imagine another order unless it were in another world .", "the civilisation of the world has passed away and those words have not passed away .", "in the long night of the dark ages feudalism was so familiar a thing that no man could imagine himself without a lord : and religion was so woven into that network that no man would have believed they could be torn asunder .", "feudalism itself was torn to rags and rotted away in the popular life of the true middle ages ; and the first and freshest power in that new freedom was the old religion .", "feudalism had passed away , and the words did not pass away .", "the whole medieval order , in many ways so complete and almost cosmic a home for man , wore out gradually in its turn and here at least it was thought that the words would die .", "they went forth across the radiant abyss of the renaissance and in fifty years were using all its light and learning for new religious foundations , new apologetics , new saints .", "it was supposed to have been withered up at last in the dry light of the age of reason ; it was supposed to have disappeared ultimately in the earthquake of the age of revolution .", "science explained it away ; and it was still there .", "history disinterred it in the past ; and it appeared suddenly in the future .", "to - day it stands once more in our path ; and even as we watch it , it grows .", "if our social relations and records retain their continuity , if men really learn to apply reason to the accumulating facts of so crushing a story , it would seem that sooner or later even its enemies will learn from their incessant and interminable disappointments not to look for anything so simple as its death .", "they may continue to war with it , but it will be as they war with nature ; as they war with the landscape , as they war with the skies . '", "heaven and earth shall pass away , but my words shall not pass away . '", "they will watch for it to stumble ; they will watch for it to err ; they will no longer watch for it to end .", "insensibly , even unconsciously , they will in their own silent anticipations fulfil the relative terms of that astounding prophecy ; they will forget to watch for the mere extinction of what has so often been vainly extinguished ; and will learn instinctively to look first for the coming of the comet or the freezing of the star .", "i have taken the liberty once or twice of borrowing the excellent phrase about an outline of history ; though this study of a special truth and a special error can of course claim no sort of comparison with the rich and many - sided encyclopedia of history , for which that name was chosen .", "and yet there is a certain reason in the reference : and a sense in which the one thing touches and even cuts across the other .", "for the story of the world as told by mr . wells could here only be criticised as an outline .", "and , strangely enough , it seems to me that it is only wrong as an outline .", "it is admirable as an accumulation of history ; it is splendid as a store - house or treasure of history ; it is a fascinating disquisition on history ; it is most attractive as an amplification of history ; but it is quite false as an outline of history .", "the one thing that seems to me quite wrong about it is the outline ; the sort of outline that can really be a single line , like that which makes all the difference between a caricature of the profile of mr . winston churchill and of sir alfred mond .", "in simple and homely language , i mean the things that stick out ; the things that make the simplicity of a silhouette .", "i think the proportions are wrong ; the proportions of what is certain as compared with what is uncertain , of what played a great part as compared with what played a smaller part , of what is ordinary and what is extraordinary , of what really lies level with an average and what stands out as an exception .", "in the land lit by that neighbouring star , whose blaze is the broad daylight , there are many and very various things motionless and moving .", "there moves among them a race that is in its relation to others a race of gods .", "the fact is not lessened but emphasised because it can behave like a race of demons .", "its distinction is not an individual illusion , like one bird pluming itself on its own plumes ; it is a solid and a many - sided thing .", "it is demonstrated in the very speculations that have led to its being denied .", "that men , the gods of this lower world , are linked with it in various ways is true ; but it is another aspect of the same truth .", "that they grow as the grass grows and walk as the beasts walk is a secondary necessity that sharpens the primary distinction .", "it is like saying that a magician must after all have the appearance of a man ; or that even the fairies could not dance without feet .", "it has lately been the fashion to focus the mind entirely on these mild and subordinate resemblances and to forget the main fact altogether .", "it is customary to insist that man resembles the other creatures .", "yes ; and that very resemblance he alone can see .", "the fish does not trace the fish - bone pattern in the fowls of the air ; or the elephant and the emu compare skeletons .", "even in the sense in which man is at one with the universe it is an utterly lonely universality .", "the very sense that he is united with all things is enough to sunder him from all .", "meanwhile the minority , the sages or thinkers , had withdrawn apart and had taken up an equally congenial trade .", "they were drawing up plans of the world ; of the world which all believed to have a plan .", "they were trying to set forth the plan seriously and to scale .", "they were setting their minds directly to the mind that had made the mysterious world ; considering what sort of a mind it might be and what its ultimate purpose might be .", "some of them made that mind much more impersonal than mankind has generally made it ; some simplified it almost to a blank ; a few , a very few , doubted it altogether .", "one or two of the more morbid fancied that it might be evil and an enemy ; just one or two of the more degraded in the other class worshipped demons instead of gods .", "but most of these theorists were theists : and they not only saw a moral plan in nature , but they generally laid down a moral plan for humanity .", "most of them were good men who did good work : and they were remembered and reverenced in various ways .", "they were scribes ; any their scriptures became more or less holy scriptures .", "they were law - givers ; and their tradition became not only legal but ceremonial .", "we may say that they received divine honours , in the sense in which kings and great captains in certain countries often received divine honours .", "in a word , wherever the other popular spirit , the spirit of legend and gossip could come into play , it surrounded them with the more mystical atmosphere of the myths .", "popular poetry turned the sages into saints .", "but that was all it did .", "they remained themselves ; men never really forgot that they were men , only made into gods in the sense that they were made into heroes .", "divine plato , like divus caesar , was a title and not a dogma .", "in asia , where the atmosphere was more mythological , the man was made to look more like a myth , but he remained a man .", "he remained a man of a certain social class or school of men , receiving and deserving great honour from mankind .", "it is the order or school of the philosophers ; the men who have set themselves seriously to trace the order across any apparent chaos in the vision of life .", "instead of living on imaginative rumours and remote traditions and the tail - end of exceptional experiences about the mind and meaning behind the world , they have tried in a sense to project the primary purpose of that mind a priori .", "they have tried to put on paper a possible plan of the world ; almost as if the world were not yet made .", "right in the middle of all these things stands up an enormous exception .", "it is quite unlike anything else .", "it is a thing final like the trump of doom , though it is also a piece of good news ; or news that seems too good to be true .", "it is nothing less than the loud assertion that this mysterious maker of the world has visited his world in person .", "it declares that really and even recently , or right in the middle of historic times , there did walk into the world this original invisible being ; about whom the thinkers make theories and the mythologists hand down myths ; the man who made the world .", "that such a higher personality exists behind all things had indeed always been implied by all the best thinkers , as well as by all the most beautiful legends .", "but nothing of this sort had ever been implied in any of them .", "it is simply false to say that the other sages and heroes had claimed to be that mysterious master and maker , of whom the world had dreamed and disputed .", "not one of them had ever claimed to be anything of the sort .", "not one of their sects or schools had even claimed that they had claimed to be anything of the sort .", "the most that any religious prophet had said was that he was the true servant of such a being .", "the most that any visionary had ever said was that men might catch glimpses of the glory of that spiritual being ; or much more often of lesser spiritual beings .", "the most that any primitive myth had even suggested was that the creator was present at the creation .", "but that the creator was present at scenes a little subsequent to the supper - parties of horace , and talked with tax - collectors and government officials in the detailed daily life of the roman empire , and that this fact continued to be firmly asserted by the whole of that great civilisation for more than a thousand years - - that is something utterly unlike anything else in nature .", "it is the one great startling statement that man has made since he spoke his first articulate word , instead of barking like a dog .", "its unique character can be used as an argument against it as well as for it .", "it would be easy to concentrate on it as a case of isolated insanity ; but it makes nothing but dust and nonsense of comparative religion .", "it came on the world with a wind and rush of running messengers proclaiming that apocalyptic portent , and it is not unduly fanciful to say that they are running still .", "what puzzles the world , and its wise philosophers and fanciful pagan poets , about the priests and people of the catholic church is that they still behave as if they were messengers .", "a messenger does not dream about what his message might be , or argue about what it probably would be ; he delivers it as it is .", "it is not a theory or a fancy but a fact .", "it is not relevant to this intentionally rudimentary outline to prove in detail that it is a fact ; but merely to point out that these messengers do deal with it as men deal with a fact .", "all that is condemned in catholic tradition , authority , and dogmatism and the refusal to retract and modify , are but the natural human attributes of a man with a message relating to a fact .", "i desire to avoid in this last summary all the controversial complexities that may once more cloud the simple lines of that strange story ; which i have already called , in words that are much too weak , the strangest story in the world .", "i desire merely to mark those main lines and specially to mark where the great line is really to be drawn .", "the religion of the world , in its right proportions , is not divided into fine shades of mysticism or more or less rational forms of mythology .", "it is divided by the line between the men who are bringing that message and the men who have not yet heard it , or cannot yet believe it .", "but when we translate the terms of that strange tale back into the more concrete and complicated terminology of our time , we find it covered by names and memories of which the very familiarity is a falsification .", "for instance , when we say that a country contains so many moslems , we really mean that it contains so many monotheists ; and we really mean , by that , that it contains so many men ; men with the old average assumption of men - - that the invisible ruler remains invisible .", "they hold it along with the customs of a certain culture and under the simpler laws of a certain law - giver ; but so they would if their law - giver were lycurgus or solon .", "they testify to something which is a necessary and noble truth ; but was never a new truth .", "their creed is not a new colour ; it is the neutral and normal tint that is the background of the many - coloured life of man .", "mahomet did not , like the magi , find a new star ; he saw through his own particular window a glimpse of the great grey field of the ancient starlight .", "so when we say that the country contains so many confucians or buddhists , we mean it contains so many pagans whose prophets have given them another and rather vaguer version of the invisible power ; making it not only invisible but almost impersonal .", "when we say that they also have temples and idols and priests and periodical festivals , we simply mean that this sort of heathen is enough of a human being to admit the popular element of pomp and pictures and feasts and fairy - tales .", "we only mean that pagans have more sense than puritans .", "but what the gods are supposed to be , what the priests are commissioned to say , is not a sensational secret like what those running messengers of the gospel had to say .", "nobody else except those messengers has any gospel ; nobody else has any good news ; for the simple reason that nobody else has any news .", "those runners gather impetus as they run .", "ages afterwards they still speak as if something had just happened .", "they have not lost the speed and momentum of messengers ; they have hardly lost , as it were , the wild eyes of witnesses .", "in the catholic church , which is the cohort of the message , there are still those headlong acts of holiness that speak of something rapid and recent ; a self - sacrifice that startles the world like a suicide .", "but it is not a suicide ; it is not pessimistic ; it is still as optimistic as st . francis of the flowers and birds .", "it is newer in spirit than the newest schools of thought ; and it is almost certainly on the eve of new triumphs .", "for these men serve a mother who seems to grow more beautiful as new generations rise up and call her blessed .", "we might sometimes fancy that the church grows younger as the world grows old .", "but this madness has remained sane .", "the madness has remained sane when everything else went mad .", "the madhouse has been a house to which , age after age , men are continually coming back as to a home .", "that is the riddle that remains ; that anything so abrupt and abnormal should still be found a habitable and hospitable thing .", "i care not if the sceptic says it is a tall story ; i cannot see how so toppling a tower could stand so long without foundation .", "still less can i see how it could become , as it has become , the home of man .", "had it merely appeared and disappeared , it might possibly have been remembered or explained as the last leap of the rage of illusion , the ultimate myth of the ultimate mood , in which the mind struck the sky and broke .", "but the mind did not break .", "it is the one mind that remains unbroken in the break - up of the world .", "if it were an error , it seems as if the error could hardly have lasted a day .", "if it were a mere ecstasy , it would seem that such an ecstasy could not endure for an hour .", "it has endured for nearly two thousand years ; and the world within it has been more lucid , more level - headed , more reasonable in its hopes , more healthy in its instincts , more humorous and cheerful in the face of fate and death , than all the world outside .", "for it was the soul of christendom that came forth from the incredible christ ; and the soul of it was common sense .", "though we dared not look on his face we could look on his fruits ; and by his fruits we should know him .", "the fruits are solid and the fruitfulness is much more than a metaphor ; and nowhere in this sad world are boys happier in apple - trees , or men in more equal chorus singing as they tread the vine , than under the fixed flash of this instant and intolerant enlightenment ; the lightning made eternal as the light .", "on re - reading these pages i feel that i have tried in many places and with many words , to say something that might be said in one word .", "in a sense this study is meant to be superficial .", "that is , it is not meant as a study of the things that need to be studied .", "it is rather a reminder of the things that are seen so quickly that they are forgotten almost as quickly .", "its moral , in a manner of speaking , is that first thoughts are best ; so a flash might reveal a landscape ; with the eiffel tower or the matterhorn standing up in it as they would never stand up again in the light of common day .", "i ended the book with an image of everlasting lightning ; in a very different sense , alas , this little flash has lasted only too long .", "but the method has also certain practical disadvantages upon which i think it well to add these two notes .", "it may seem to simplify too much and to ignore out of ignorance .", "i feel this especially in the passage about the prehistoric pictures ; which is not concerned with all that the learned may learn from prehistoric pictures , but with the single point of what anyone could learn from there being any prehistoric pictures at all .", "i am conscious that this attempt to express it in terms of innocence may exaggerate even my own ignorance .", "without any pretence of scientific research or information , i should be sorry to have it thought that i knew no more than what was needed , in that passage , of the states into which primitive humanity has been divided .", "i am aware , of course , that the story is elaborately stratified ; and that there were many such stages before the cro - magnon or any peoples with whom we associate such pictures .", "indeed recent studies about the neanderthal and other races rather tend to repeat the moral that is here most relevant .", "the notion noted in these pages of something necessarily slow or late in the development of religion , will gain little indeed from these later revelations about the precursors of the reindeer picture - maker .", "the learned appear to hold that , whether the reindeer picture could be religious or not , the people that lived before it were religious already ; burying their dead with the significant signs of mystery and hope .", "this obviously brings us back to the same argument ; an argument that is not approached by any measurement of the earlier man ' s skull .", "it is little use here to compare the head of the man with the head of the monkey , if it certainly never came into the head of the monkey to bury another monkey with nuts in his grave to help him towards a heavenly monkey house .", "talking of skulls , i am also aware of the story of the cro - magnon skull that was much larger and finer than a modern skull .", "it is a very funny story ; because an eminent evolutionist , awakening to a somewhat belated caution , protested against anything being inferred from one specimen .", "it is the duty of a solitary skull to prove that our fathers were our inferiors .", "any solitary skull presuming to prove that they were superior is felt to be suffering from swelled head .", "in this book which is merely meant as a popular criticism of popular fallacies , often indeed of very vulgar errors , i feel that i have sometimes given an impression of scoffing at serious scientific work .", "it was however the very reverse of my intentions .", "i am not arguing with the scientist who explains the elephant , but only with the sophist who explains it away .", "and as a matter of fact the sophist plays to the gallery , as he did in ancient greece .", "he appeals to the ignorant , especially when he appeals to the learned .", "but i never meant my own criticism to be an impertinence to the truly learned .", "we all owe an infinite debt to the researches , especially the recent researches , of single minded students in these matters ; and i have only professed to pick up things here and there from them .", "i have not loaded my abstract argument with quotations and references , which only make a man look more learned than he is ; but in some cases i find that my own loose fashion of allusion is rather misleading about my own meaning .", "the passage about chaucer and the child martyr is badly expressed ; i only mean that the english poet probably had in mind the english saint ; of whose story he gives a sort of foreign version .", "in the same way two statements in the chapter on mythology follow each other in such a way that it may seem to be suggested that the second story about monotheism refers to the southern seas .", "i may explain that atahocan belongs not to australasian but to american savages .", "so in the chapter called \" the antiquity of civilisation , \" which i feel to be the most unsatisfactory , i have given my own impression of the meaning of the development of egyptian monarchy too much , perhaps , as if it were identical with the facts on which it was formed as given in works like those of professor j . l myres .", "but the confusion was not intentional ; still less was there any intention to imply , in the remainder of the chapter , that the anthropological speculations about races are less valuable than they undoubtedly are .", "my criticism is strictly relative ; i may say that the pyramids are plainer than the tracks of the desert ; without denying that wiser men than i may see tracks in what is to me the trackless sand .", "up to g . k . chesterton ' s works on the web .", "martin ward , de montfort university , leicester .", "email : martin @ gkc .", "org .", "uk this is the blog of writer and musician hank shteamer , whom you may reach at hank .", "shteamer @ rollingstone .", "com .", "thanks to all visitors , and especially commenters : i read your thoughts with care , even if i typically respond only in my head .", "this year , i often felt like i was sneaking new music in .", "i started a new job , put out a record and saw a two - decade obsession finally bear fruit .", "honestly , there wasn ' t all that much room for anything else .", "but as i look back through the year ' s releases , i see quite a few that made an impression .", "it ' s all in play at all times .", "it has to be a free space .", "in that spirit , here are some of the records that i enjoyed this year , that happened to come out this year , in no particular order — 10 of them will eventually make up my pazz and jop ballot .", "links to bandcamp only , because that ' s where online music really lives this record to me is pure astonishment .", "it ' s my favorite thing krallice has ever done — and that ' s saying a lot because i love much of their prior work , especially the self - titled debut and 2011 ' s diotima — and one of my favorite things that either mick barr and colin marston have ever done , which is saying even more .", "( close call with annwn and skullgrid , respectively . )", "the amount of musical information here is staggering , as is the confidence and majestic flair with which it is rendered .", "this is art music , plain and simple , the vanguard of contemporary composition , that happens to be transmitted in a format we might refer to in shorthand as metal .", "i spent a fair amount of time with this one but it didn ' t feel like anywhere near enough .", "i hear juneteenth as a cousin of dave burrell ' s breathtaking 1979 solo - piano version of windward passages , one of those albums where a pianist translates the vast orchestral universe inside their head to the keys .", "this feels like a magnum opus for cowell and an important reminder that this giant continues to do great , vital work .", "further thoughts here .", "another ep that delineates an entire sonic world .", "this , like the krallice record , seems to me to be a state - of - the - art example of not exactly where music is at this moment , because nothing else really sounds like heaven ' s sense , but of a sort of speculative future of music , where pop could end up if diligence and wisdom and higher instincts prevailed .", "demanding , yes , but so sensuous and pleasurable and coherent at the same time .", "there are hooks in \" an atrium \" that have run through my head for days .", "if you consider yourself a fan of so - called progressive music of any kind , or of pop that aims at a kind of ethereal complexity and sweeping and refined emotional heft — i ' ll throw out kate bush and yes as two inadequate touchstones — you must , must , must hear this .", "the descriptor \" haunting \" has been drained of most of its meaning , but it applies here .", "post - hardcore colliding with funk , free jazz , sound collage and psychedelia in a totally organic way .", "the prog impulse channeled into fiercely danceable body music , fueled by one of the greatest drummers of our time , blake fleming , who i first came to know through the illustrious and incredible dazzling killmen .", "i ' d always felt that i hadn ' t quite gotten the complete picture regarding this band from its earlier no quarter compilation , the life and times of … , and this release confirms it .", "a heady barrage of archival material , some quizzical and fragmented , some gorgeously dialed in and fleshed out .", "( i adore the groove - science \" afrostructure \" series , which falls somewhere in between these two poles . )", "the final stretch of this sprawling set , with the studio version of the two - part cosmic - groove - prog opus \" how about this for my hair ? \"", "and a live set from slovenia that ' s so intense it feels like it could leave scars ( but is also wonderfully subdued and sensitive in spots ) , is the reason why archival releases like this are essential to the musical ecosystem : to bring to light bygone marvels you never knew existed .", "speaking of bygone marvels .", "we maybe had a clue with this one in the form of our man in jazz , but did we really know the enormity of what went down until now ?", "this hits me in a similar way : a supremely confident band , doing its thing .", "as a group , weather report had a strange magic — virtuosic daredevilry , yes , but also festive melody and childlike wonder and a certain kind of zany party - prog verve .", "none of the truly great acts that we label as \" fusion \" ( ahem … ) really sounded anything alike , and this release helps us see weather report for the style - transcendent anomaly that they were , and adds to the welcome hoopla surrounding the jaco documentary release ( and my own private hoopla surrounding a recent deep immersion in the jaco – joni mitchell collaboration ) .", "deactivate brain .", "rage .", "repeat .", "( for those who related to this , as well as my obituary and asphyx gushing over the years , you need to hear ungod . )", "this cornet specialist continues to record in all kinds of interesting contexts , bringing fresh ideas to each situation .", "i agree with the core mission statement of arms and hands — that bringing together bill goodwin and mark helias was a fantastic idea .", "( lamplighter , another 2015 knuffke session featuring goodwin , is also well worth your time , and from what i ' ve read and the samples , this sounds awesome . )", "another example of jazz - as - personal - sonic - signature , in personnel , mood , repertoire .", "heart - burstingly passionate trio music — perhaps the single most convincing document of post - ayler free jazz i ' ve heard — from 1977 , reissued here with extra material .", "apogee , a working band with cooper - moore ( then gene ashton ) on piano and marc edwards on drums , is , to me , every bit as compelling as ware ' s later , better - known quartet with matthew shipp , william parker , etc .", "massive .", "whoo boy , does this thing kick ass .", "a few people ( one being my friend and former colleague steve smith ) had tipped me off to lore during the course of the year , but i didn ' t really dig in till just now .", "i ' ll reprise a line i just tweeted , because it sums up my thoughts well : this is like recent mastodon gone full prog , with vastly better production .", "i ' m still digesting this , but it seems to me that the quality of the songwriting on lore matches the enormous ambition on display here , which is sort of insane given how high these guys are clearly aiming .", "a documentary that aims for and achieves definitive status via its smart balance of the personal and the musical .", "watching this , you feel like you ' re seeing jaco from all sides .", "moving and insightful testimony from collaborators ( peter erskine , joni mitchell , wayne shorter , et al . )", "and confidants ( bill milkowski ' s contribution is particularly valuable ) .", "breathtaking footage .", "a complicated life , dealt with sensitively yet unflinchingly .", "p . s . phil freeman ' s guide to the nd discography is essential for those of us who know bits and pieces of the band ' s long , complicated history but not the whole thing .", "with a special honorable mention for ayahuasca , godstopper , couch slut and pyrryon at briefcasefest 2015 . today marks the release of the new kickstarter - funded craw box set on northern spy records ( designed by aqualamb ) , as well as the digital release of the individual remastered albums that make up the set .", "it makes me happy beyond words to see this music back out there in the world .", "<EOS>" ]

[ [ "critical reception", "critic brian olewnick lauded blind idiot god , giving it four and a half out of five stars and saying \" the listener feels buffeted about , as if inside a roaring engine at 30 , 000 feet . \" option described the band as sounding \" as much like jazz - based ensembles like bill laswell ' s last exit and zorn ' s spy vs . project trying to dip into hardcore as they do like angry young boy thrash . \" electronic musician praised the virtuosity of the players and said \" jazz , heavy metal , reggae , art music - b . i . g . has elements of all of these , yet establishes their very own recipe . \"" ], [ "recording", "english electro and dub music producer adrian sherwood was originally considered to helm production duties on blind idiot god . instead , the band met brooklyn - based producer martin bisi , who had collaborated with a plethora of new york - based acts and shared the band ' s eclectic tastes . it was recorded during the months of january and february 1987 at bisi ' s b . c . studios located in brooklyn , new york ." ] ]

[ "< EOT > my husband and i are one of your biggest fans .", "we have all your albums .", "i have bought your latest album called “ an ancient muse ” as soon as it was released .", "i especially enjoyed when i heard the 7th track that you named “ sacred shabbat ” and started muttering in turkish while listening it .", "my canadian husband was very surprised that i know the lyrics of this song and i replied “ of course i know , i used to sing it during all my childhood at the school chorus back in turkey .", "it is a very old turku ( ballad ) which called uskudar ’ a gider iken ” and the roots of it goes back to time of the ottoman empire .", "” i must reply on loreena ' s behalf as she is not here to reply personally .", "we can understand your disappointment that because of a proofing error , the first run of the cds of an ancient muse represented loreena ' s arrangement of this traditional melody ( which is known by many names in many countries ) as her composition .", "as you can see in the liner notes to an ancient muse , she is very clear in her personal writing that she did not write this song , but first heard the song played by greek musicians , also heard it on a disc she acquired in granada ( a version of the song as traditional to jews of the ottoman region ) and also , as in fact she learned after she had recorded the whole album , that it is known as ( variously ) katibim and uskudar ' a gider iken \" in turkey .", "music is shared and reinterpreted by many people around the world in many different cultures and i trust that this is why loreena is so loved and respected in turkey , for example .", "we receive thousands of communications from turkish people who thank her for her respect for that culture and the way that ( for example ) an ancient muse includes her tributes to the history , culture and music of your people .", "i hope that you will be able to forgive us ( and i include myself ) for a mistake we made , working very hard and long hours and trying to make everything right , but sometimes failing , and believe that we are amending this error as quickly as it is humanly possible .", "muse : wild inspiration ™ is a 5 - reel , 3 - row game with 25 fixed bet lines , which features one wild inspiration symbol that includes three different wild features ; an expanding wild , sticky wild and x2 wild .", "players are able to experience rich and colourful animations with wilds to boost excitement on the reels that are substituted for the highest win combination possible on a select bet line .", "ogden nash had an amusing explanation for why women are termed the \" weaker sex . \"", "the poet said , \" i have an idea that the phrase ' weaker sex ' was coined by some woman to disarm some man she was preparing to overwhelm . \"", "this funny quote is one of many that highlight the bundle of contradictions that make up the modern women .", "the quote also suggests that women are not necessarily passive spectators in the game of life .", "inspired by ancient greece , this new offering sees three muses lead players from a seaside village in the main game all the way up to the giant mount olympus in free spins .", "the three goddess characters represent art , music and literature and each has its own wild feature .", "in the first week of release , an error was drawn to the attention of qr regarding the accreditation for the piece of music called “ sacred shabbat ” .", "as loreena ’ s liner notes indicate , this piece of music and its multiple variations have been moving around the mediterranean area for many centuries and as such , the compositional credit should have read “ traditional , arranged by loreena mckennitt ” music is fabulous , what the western mind perceives as an oriental piece of music might have been a scottish melody with eastern spices in it .", "greeks can find something from themselves as well because they were a part of the ottoman empire .", "we turks did not trust any other people as much as we trusted in greeks .", "we let them in our own neighborhoods , we went to the bars together , we drank together and sang together .", "we let them do the talking to the westerners on our behalf .", "many of our past statesmen were greeks .", "the bitterness lies in the fact that they represented themselves not us .", "what is being sold in the international markets today is our culture or at least our common culture .", "we are just trying to hold on to our history .", "look at the french and then look at us .", "you cannot label your brandy as cognac although both are the same . . . our struggle today is not to have a female einstein get appointed as an assistant professor .", "it is for a woman schlemiel to get as quickly promoted as a male schlemiel .", "there was an error .", "please try again .", "there was an error .", "please try again .", "the online extension of billboard magazine , www .", "billboard .", "com / biz is the essential online destination for the music business .", "© 2017 billboard .", "all rights reserved .", "it appears that at the time the liner notes were assembled , and when proofreading took place , no one caught this accreditation error .", "needless to say loreena and all of us at qr were dismayed at the discovery of this .", "we would sincerely like to thank our turkish friends for pointing this out to us .", "rumour has it that this particular song compiled by muzaffer sarısözen back in the 19th century had existed before that time first as a traditional scottish military song played during the trainings of soldiers .", "probably , among all the other versions , this one has survived establishing itself as a traditional istanbul song .", "you can find the staff of the basic melody at this website : http : / / www .", "turkuler .", "com / nota / notagoster .", "asp ?", "nid = 744 oh i absolutely love ' sacred shabbat ' .", "it ' s the best song of the cd , after caravanserai !", "!", "!", "!", "!", "thanks again loreena for your music .", "you ' ve got 2 new fans now ( my parents , who are 49 and 53 years old ) .", "my dad thinks you are one of the best singers of the world .", "isn ' t that a huge compliment ?", "changing or distorting it .", "if you like this song and this style in general there are tons of ottoman songs you can enjoy .", "by the way , there were two other songs based on the original melody , the first one was sung by eartha kitt under the name \" usku dara \" and of course the famous \" rasputin \" by boney m . the boney m song was composed around the basic melody featuring a host of pop style variations and additions reflecting the musical concept of the 70 ' s . i found my darling nearby when i was looking for him elsewhere .", "katip is a clerk in the ottoman times , usually a general referemce to all civil servants doing office work .", "uskudar is a district of istanbul located on the asian side of the city , by the coast of the bosphorus .", "following this conversation i wanted to proudly prove my self by finding the information in the cd insert and i wanted to show him who was the composer .", "i was so disappointed when i have seen that it is presented as “ music : loreena mckennith ” !", "i questioned sadly : “ how is this possible ?", "does re - arranging the music and playing it make someone the original composer ?", "what happened to the original rights ?", "what does it tell to the western society of today ?", "it will be remembered as loreena mckennitt ’ s music from now on !", "” the information could have been found easily if a little bit research was done on it before releasing the album .", "it is remembered as this music goes back to the years of crimean war ( 1853 - 1856 ) of ottoman empire .", "even though the original composer may not be known by name today , we should still respect to them and to our history .", "could you please advice us how are you planning to correct this error ?", "i strongly believe by correcting it you would take a lot more credit from the public .", "fulya writes : \" could you please advice us how are you planning to correct this error ?", "i strongly believe by correcting it you would take a lot more credit from the public . \"", "as you know loreena has arranged and interpreted many traditional songs in her recording career and is always careful not only to have the correct songwriting credit but is most generous to point out as much information as she has about the melodies and their histories .", "i hope you will believe , knowing her music , that she is very respectful of other people ' s traditions and would never try to claim something for her own when it wasn ' t . if she wished to pretend this was her own song , she certainly wouldn ' t have personally written liner notes talking about all the versions of the songs she heard from other musicians , other countries and other times .", "and pretending that other people ' s work or other cultures ' traditions , are her own , is not what loreena is known for .", "now , once cds are manufactured and sent to shops , the only way that a change can be made to actual cds is the next time they are manufactured .", "this correction has been made and the new artwork has been sent to our label partners all around the world , including turkey .", "so as soon as new cds are being made , the correct information will be represented , everywhere in the world , including turkey , canada and so on .", "unfortunately , and i think you can probably understand why this is the case , it is not logistically possible to contact every person in the world who has bought the cd and ask him or her to return it for a new one that does not have this error .", "1 . posted a news item on our website in 14 languages that points out the error .", "( you can see it in news and views and it has also been represented in this thread ) .", "2 . corrected it in the explore the music section on our website .", "3 . informed all of our label partners and manufacturers and asked them to inform media and make manufacturing changes .", "4 . explained the situation at some length here on this messageboard .", "5 . loreena is including a personal note in every single cd she sends out from quinlan road .", "i wish i could say that we could turn back time so that this error ( which due to a layout process meant that when loreena reviewed the artwork she did not see this error and neither did any of us , and i include myself as being guilty in this area , as it is my job ) did not appear .", "but turning back time , unfortunately , cannot be done .", "i trust that you will believe that loreena ' s longstanding respect for other cultures , her generosity in pointing out her debt to many traditions , her love especially of turkish music and its traditions , will make you think that yes , it is just possible that this is the case of a regrettable error which in any case was not loreena ' s mistake .", "i am sorry if you are angry but this is not loreena ' s fault .", "i was dissapointed too as i saw the \" traditional \" note .", "as a turkish that is grown with these songs , i feel myself really broken .", "that happenes dense to us .", "i heard some songs from our ottoman army band ( mehter team ) in a french tv channel called french army band .", "but unfortunately i couldn ' t do anything . . . but i thing our grandfathers & mothers deserve respect too , huh ?", "perhaps is that our fault .", "we don ' t have enough cultural & political power at this time to show the whole world what we own . . . but inspite of this , i believe you have no bad intention doing that . . . sorry about my english , i ' m trying to learn german .", "its really hard to use them together . . . see you my friends . . . this has been indeed corrected in the spanish limited edition , which i purchased two days ago : it reads \" traditional , arranged by loreena mckennitt \" .", "it ' s a pity this error was made in the initial accreditation , but anyone who reads loreena ' s liner notes will realise it ' s a mistake .", "let ' s play a game .", "we ' re sorry .", "you must be signed in to continue .", "sign in or register when you block a person , they can no longer invite you to a private message or post to your profile wall .", "replies and comments they make will be collapsed / hidden by default .", "finally , you ' ll never receive email notifications about content they create or likes they designate for your content .", "note : if you proceed , you will no longer be following .", "< div id = \" { % = id % } \" class = \" reveal - modal small h - alert - modal - popup \" data - reveal > < h4 id = \" { % = id % } _ title \" class = \" margin - bottom - 10 popup - title \" > < / h4 > < div id = \" { % = id % } _ body \" class = \" margin - bottom - 10 popup - body \" > < / div > < ul id = \" { % = id % } buttongroup \" class = \" full - width button - group h - popup - buttons even - 1 \" > < li id = \" { % = id % } okay _ buttoncontainer \" > < a id = \" { % = id % } okay \" class = \" button success no - margin - bottom h - alert - modal - ok - button \" role = \" button \" > ok < / a > < script type = \" text / javascript \" > ( function ( ) { function { % = id % } okay _ click ( event , data ) { { % = id % } popup .", "hide ( ) ; } $ ( ' # { % = id % } okay ' ) .", "on ( ' click ' , { % = id % } okay _ click ) ; } ) ( ) ; < / script > < / li > < / ul > < a class = \" close - reveal - modal \" > & # 215 ; < / a > < / div > < script type = \" text / javascript \" > ( function ( ) { { % = id % } popup = new ss .", "popup .", "modalpopup ( ' { % = id % } ' ) ; } ) ( ) ; < / script > the women ' s suffrage movement traveled a long journey since august 26 , 1920 . on that fateful day , the women ' s suffrage amendment received approval from the house of representatives , and the senate .", "women ' s equality was no longer a myth , but a working reality .", "this amendment strengthened the women ' s rights movement , and recognized rights of women as equal citizens of america .", "in 1971 , bella abzug lobbied to declare august 26th as women ' s equality day .", "every year on august 26 , the president issues a proclamation commemorating the efforts of the suffragists .", "women had to fight a long battle for equality and freedom .", "they endured hardships when they had to tear down rigid ideas of a male - dominated society .", "spirited activists like bella abzug , susan b . anthony , jane addams , carrie chapman catt , among many others , paved the path to freedom .", "today , america can boast about its empowered women , which is the culmination of the work done by the suffragists .", "i know i have the body but of a weak and feeble woman ; but i have the heart and stomach of a king , and of a king of england too .", "if you have any doubts that we live in a society controlled by men , try reading down the index of contributors to a volume of quotations , looking for women ' s names .", "the only chance for much intellectual improvement in the female sex , was to be found in the families of the educated class and in occasional intercourse with the learned .", "because i am a woman , i must make unusual efforts to succeed .", "if i fail , no one will say , she doesn ' t have what it takes .", "they will say , \" women don ' t have what it takes . \"", "women ' s quotations often dwell on the significance of mothers .", "but don ' t forget your wife , grandmother , sister , and female colleagues .", "imagine life without them .", "sure , there may be fewer shopping trips .", "but are you willing to cut back on their giggles and ever - available advice ?", "remember that old adage , \" women !", "can ' t live with them .", "can ' t live without them . \"", "american humorist james thurber has a similar line that sheds light on men ' s love - hate relationship with the women in their life .", "he says , \" i hate women because they always know where things are . \"", "the emotional , sexual , and psychological stereotyping of females begins when the doctor says , ' it ' s a girl . '", "i would venture to guess that anon , who wrote so many poems without signing them , was often a woman .", "remember the dignity of your womanhood .", "do not appeal , do not beg , do not grovel .", "take courage , join hands , stand beside us , fight with us .", "every time we liberate a woman , we liberate a man .", "conservative thinkers insist that the woman ' s place is at home , and nowhere else .", "they argue that a homemaker maintains a stable family , nurtures her children , and looks after the wellbeing of her husband .", "she is the most important cog in the family wheel .", "however , you will find many examples of exemplary women who make good mothers and wives , while juggling their professional roles with ease .", "contemporary dads do help around the house , but few men forsake their ambitions for the sake of kids and family .", "american feminist gloria steinem said , \" i have yet to hear a man ask for advice on how to combine marriage and a career . \"", "important days such as international women ' s day , celebrated on march 8 , and women ' s equality day , held on august 26 , bring a range of women ' s issues to the fore .", "we learn about the various advancements made in the area of women ' s social and economic development in different parts of the world .", "articles in newspapers and magazines highlight the problems faced by women in society .", "though women ' s day has become a tad commercial , it reminds us that women ' s emancipation is the result of a hard - fought battle .", "some may argue that the tenets of feminism are now becoming outdated .", "but the words of english author rebecca west ring true .", "she said , \" . . . people call me a feminist whenever i express sentiments that differentiate me from a doormat or a prostitute . \"", "women ' s lib is far from dead .", "the battle continues , only , with less noise and bluster .", "today the two hundred million men in our country are entering into a civilized new world . . . but we , the two hundred million women , are still kept down in the dungeon .", "in politics , if you want anything said , ask a man .", "if you want anything done , ask a woman .", "a woman with a voice is by definition a strong woman .", "but the search to find that voice can be remarkably difficult .", "it ' s complicated by the fact that in most nations women receive substantially less education than men .", "one of my favorite quotations about women is by activist susan .", "b . anthony who said , \" modern invention has banished the spinning wheel , and the same law of progress makes the woman of today a different woman from her grandmother . \"", "women have walked a long way from the hearth .", "women are running governments , heading big corporations , enabling social change , and so much more .", "politician dianne feinstein put it brilliantly in this quote , \" toughness doesn ' t have to come in a pinstripe suit . \"", "when women are depressed , they eat or go shopping .", "men invade another country .", "it ' s a whole different way of thinking .", "above all , be the heroine of your life , not the victim .", "i ask no favors for my sex . . . . all i ask of our brethren is that they will take their feet from off our necks .", "most women are one man away from welfare .", "influential author maya angelou said , \" i love to see a young girl go out and grab the world by the lapels . \"", "this quote about girl power reminds women to reach for the stars .", "the story of women ' s lib was spurred by self - belief .", "civil rights activist rosa parks said , \" no one can make you feel inferior without your consent . \"", "the color purple author alice walker warned , \" the most common way people give up their power is by thinking they don ' t have any . \"", "these quotes by influential women encourage women to believe in their own abilities .", "share these words of wisdom with your favorite ladies when women ' s day comes around .", "for what is done or learned by one class of women becomes , by virtue of their common womanhood , the property of all women .", "a woman is the full circle .", "within her is the power to create , nurture and transform .", "woman must not accept ; she must challenge .", "she must not be awed by that which has been built up around her ; she must reverence that woman in her which struggles for expression .", "today ’ s decisions are tomorrow ’ s realities .", "remember you have three choices : take it , leave it or change it .", "aerodynamically the bumblebee shouldn ’ t be able to fly , but the bumblebee doesn ’ t know that so it goes on flying anyway .", "why is women ' s equality day august 26 ?", "you ' ll probably be surprised .", "27 inspiring quotes from susan b . anthony on women , life , equality you ' re in !", "thanks for signing up .", "thank you for signing up .", "netent ' s logo and graphic material is the company ' s intellectual property and may not be copied , reproduced , distributed or displayed without written consent of netent .", "under no circumstances may netent ’ s intellectual property be displayed in connection with inappropriate or harmful content , including without limitation on web sites containing pornographic content or supporting illegal file sharing netent is licensed and regulated in a number of jurisdictions .", "our licences can be found here netent ’ s privacy policy explains what data we collect .", "read our privacy policy here .", "netent is committed to gaming that is fun , safe , and secure .", "read about responsible gaming here .", "copyright © 2017 netent ab ( publ ) .", "all rights reserved .", "<EOS>" ]

[ [ "overview", "work on an ancient muse started in 2005 . according to reports on mckennitt ' s quinlan road website , most of the inspiration for the tracks of the album came from the music of greece , turkey , the middle east and the far east . most of the tracks , with the exception of three revealed at the mid - september concerts in the alhambra of granada in spain , were completely unknown until the release . an ancient muse debuted on the u . s . billboard 200 at number 83 , with about 19 , 000 copies sold in its first week . this was also its peak position on the chart ." ] ]