Datasets:

voidful

/

NMSQA

like 7

5735aaaedc94161900571ef7

Kathmandu

The city generally has a climate with warm days followed by cool nights and mornings. Unpredictable weather is expected, given that temperatures can drop to 1 °C (34 °F) or less during the winter. During a 2013 cold front, the winter temperatures of Kathmandu dropped to −4 °C (25 °F), and the lowest temperature was recorded on January 10, 2013, at −9.2 °C (15.4 °F). Rainfall is mostly monsoon-based (about 65% of the total concentrated during the monsoon months of June to August), and decreases substantially (100 to 200 cm (39 to 79 in)) from eastern Nepal to western Nepal. Rainfall has been recorded at about 1,400 millimetres (55.1 in) for the Kathmandu valley, and averages 1,407 millimetres (55.4 in) for the city of Kathmandu. On average humidity is 75%. The chart below is based on data from the Nepal Bureau of Standards & Meteorology, "Weather Meteorology" for 2005. The chart provides minimum and maximum temperatures during each month. The annual amount of precipitation was 1,124 millimetres (44.3 in) for 2005, as per monthly data included in the table above. The decade of 2000-2010 saw highly variable and unprecedented precipitation anomalies in Kathmandu. This was mostly due to the annual variation of the southwest monsoon.[citation needed] For example, 2003 was the wettest year ever in Kathmandu, totalling over 2,900 mm (114 in) of precipitation due to an exceptionally strong monsoon season. In contrast, 2001 recorded only 356 mm (14 in) of precipitation due to an extraordinarily weak monsoon season.

In what year did the most rain in recorded history fall on Kathmandu?

context-441_15_10.mp3

context-441_15.mp3

Amy

This was mostly due to the annual variation of the southwest monsoon.[citation needed] For example, 2003 was the wettest year ever in Kathmandu, totalling over 2,900 mm (114 in) of precipitation due to an exceptionally strong monsoon season.

This was mostly due to the annual variation of the southwest monsoon.[citation needed] For example, two thousand three was the wettest year ever in Kathmandu, totalling over twenty-nine hundred mm (one hundred fourteen in) of precipitation due to an exceptionally strong monsoon season.

question-441_15_4.mp3

Kevin

In what year did the most rain in recorded history fall on Kathmandu?

5735ac11dc94161900571f07

Kathmandu

The location and terrain of Kathmandu have played a significant role in the development of a stable economy which spans millennia. The city is located in an ancient lake basin, with fertile soil and flat terrain. This geography helped form a society based on agriculture. This, combined with its location between India and China, helped establish Kathmandu as an important trading center over the centuries. Kathmandu's trade is an ancient profession that flourished along an offshoot of the Silk Road which linked India and Tibet. From centuries past, Lhasa Newar merchants of Kathmandu have conducted trade across the Himalaya and contributed to spreading art styles and Buddhism across Central Asia. Other traditional occupations are farming, metal casting, woodcarving, painting, weaving, and pottery.

What religion proliferated throughout Central Asia in part due to the efforts of Lhasa Newar merchants?

context-441_16_5.mp3

context-441_16.mp3

Salli

From centuries past, Lhasa Newar merchants of Kathmandu have conducted trade across the Himalaya and contributed to spreading art styles and Buddhism across Central Asia.

From centuries past, Lhasa Newar merchants of Kathmandu have conducted trade across the Himalaya and contributed to spreading art styles and Buddhism across Central Asia.

question-441_16_0.mp3

Olivia

What religion proliferated throughout Central Asia in part due to the efforts of Lhasa Newar merchants?

5735ac11dc94161900571f08

Kathmandu

The location and terrain of Kathmandu have played a significant role in the development of a stable economy which spans millennia. The city is located in an ancient lake basin, with fertile soil and flat terrain. This geography helped form a society based on agriculture. This, combined with its location between India and China, helped establish Kathmandu as an important trading center over the centuries. Kathmandu's trade is an ancient profession that flourished along an offshoot of the Silk Road which linked India and Tibet. From centuries past, Lhasa Newar merchants of Kathmandu have conducted trade across the Himalaya and contributed to spreading art styles and Buddhism across Central Asia. Other traditional occupations are farming, metal casting, woodcarving, painting, weaving, and pottery.

Existing between what two countries contributed to Kathmandu becoming a center of trade?

context-441_16_3.mp3

context-441_16.mp3

Salli

This, combined with its location between India and China, helped establish Kathmandu as an important trading center over the centuries.

This, combined with its location between India and China, helped establish Kathmandu as an important trading center over the centuries.

question-441_16_1.mp3

Kevin

Existing between what two countries contributed to Kathmandu becoming a center of trade?

5735ac11dc94161900571f09

Kathmandu

The location and terrain of Kathmandu have played a significant role in the development of a stable economy which spans millennia. The city is located in an ancient lake basin, with fertile soil and flat terrain. This geography helped form a society based on agriculture. This, combined with its location between India and China, helped establish Kathmandu as an important trading center over the centuries. Kathmandu's trade is an ancient profession that flourished along an offshoot of the Silk Road which linked India and Tibet. From centuries past, Lhasa Newar merchants of Kathmandu have conducted trade across the Himalaya and contributed to spreading art styles and Buddhism across Central Asia. Other traditional occupations are farming, metal casting, woodcarving, painting, weaving, and pottery.

Other than trade, what was the traditional basis of Kathmandu's economy?

context-441_16_2.mp3

context-441_16.mp3

Salli

This geography helped form a society based on agriculture.

This geography helped form a society based on agriculture.

question-441_16_2.mp3

Kendra

Other than trade, what was the traditional basis of Kathmandu's economy?

5735ac9bdc94161900571f0d

Kathmandu

The economic output of the metropolitan area alone is worth more than one third of national GDP around $6.5billion in terms of nominal GDP NR.s 550 billion approximately per year $2200 per capital income approx three times national average. Kathmandu exports handicrafts, artworks, garments, carpets, pashmina, paper; trade accounts for 21% of its finances.[which?] Manufacturing is also important and accounts for 19% of the revenue that Kathmandu generates. Garments and woolen carpets are the most notable manufactured products. Other economic sectors in Kathmandu include agriculture (9%), education (6%), transport (6%), and hotels and restaurants (5%). Kathmandu is famous for lokta paper and pashmina shawls.

Approximately what portion of Nepal's GDP is produced by the Kathmandu metropolitan area?

context-441_17_0.mp3

context-441_17.mp3

Kevin

The economic output of the metropolitan area alone is worth more than one third of national GDP around $6.5billion in terms of nominal GDP NR.s 550 billion approximately per year $2200 per capital income approx three times national average.

The economic output of the metropolitan area alone is worth more than one third of national GDP around six dollars, five centsbillion in terms of nominal GDP NR.s five hundred fifty billion approximately per year twenty-two hundred dollars per capital income approx three times national average.

question-441_17_0.mp3

Joey

Approximately what portion of Nepal's GDP is produced by the Kathmandu metropolitan area?

5735ac9bdc94161900571f0e

Kathmandu

The economic output of the metropolitan area alone is worth more than one third of national GDP around $6.5billion in terms of nominal GDP NR.s 550 billion approximately per year $2200 per capital income approx three times national average. Kathmandu exports handicrafts, artworks, garments, carpets, pashmina, paper; trade accounts for 21% of its finances.[which?] Manufacturing is also important and accounts for 19% of the revenue that Kathmandu generates. Garments and woolen carpets are the most notable manufactured products. Other economic sectors in Kathmandu include agriculture (9%), education (6%), transport (6%), and hotels and restaurants (5%). Kathmandu is famous for lokta paper and pashmina shawls.

What do Kathmandu residents earn per capita each year?

context-441_17_0.mp3

context-441_17.mp3

Kevin

The economic output of the metropolitan area alone is worth more than one third of national GDP around $6.5billion in terms of nominal GDP NR.s 550 billion approximately per year $2200 per capital income approx three times national average.

The economic output of the metropolitan area alone is worth more than one third of national GDP around six dollars, five centsbillion in terms of nominal GDP NR.s five hundred fifty billion approximately per year twenty-two hundred dollars per capital income approx three times national average.

question-441_17_1.mp3

Emma

What do Kathmandu residents earn per capita each year?

5735ac9bdc94161900571f0f

Kathmandu

The economic output of the metropolitan area alone is worth more than one third of national GDP around $6.5billion in terms of nominal GDP NR.s 550 billion approximately per year $2200 per capital income approx three times national average. Kathmandu exports handicrafts, artworks, garments, carpets, pashmina, paper; trade accounts for 21% of its finances.[which?] Manufacturing is also important and accounts for 19% of the revenue that Kathmandu generates. Garments and woolen carpets are the most notable manufactured products. Other economic sectors in Kathmandu include agriculture (9%), education (6%), transport (6%), and hotels and restaurants (5%). Kathmandu is famous for lokta paper and pashmina shawls.

What is the GDP of Kathmandu?

5735ac9bdc94161900571f10

Kathmandu

The economic output of the metropolitan area alone is worth more than one third of national GDP around $6.5billion in terms of nominal GDP NR.s 550 billion approximately per year $2200 per capital income approx three times national average. Kathmandu exports handicrafts, artworks, garments, carpets, pashmina, paper; trade accounts for 21% of its finances.[which?] Manufacturing is also important and accounts for 19% of the revenue that Kathmandu generates. Garments and woolen carpets are the most notable manufactured products. Other economic sectors in Kathmandu include agriculture (9%), education (6%), transport (6%), and hotels and restaurants (5%). Kathmandu is famous for lokta paper and pashmina shawls.

What percentage of Kathmandu's economy is trade?

context-441_17_1.mp3

context-441_17.mp3

Kevin

Kathmandu exports handicrafts, artworks, garments, carpets, pashmina, paper; trade accounts for 21% of its finances.[which?] Manufacturing is also important and accounts for 19% of the revenue that Kathmandu generates.

Kathmandu exports handicrafts, artworks, garments, carpets, pashmina, paper; trade accounts for twenty-one percent of its finances.[which?] Manufacturing is also important and accounts for nineteen percent of the revenue that Kathmandu generates.

question-441_17_3.mp3

Matthew

What percentage of Kathmandu's economy is trade?

5735ac9bdc94161900571f11

Kathmandu

The economic output of the metropolitan area alone is worth more than one third of national GDP around $6.5billion in terms of nominal GDP NR.s 550 billion approximately per year $2200 per capital income approx three times national average. Kathmandu exports handicrafts, artworks, garments, carpets, pashmina, paper; trade accounts for 21% of its finances.[which?] Manufacturing is also important and accounts for 19% of the revenue that Kathmandu generates. Garments and woolen carpets are the most notable manufactured products. Other economic sectors in Kathmandu include agriculture (9%), education (6%), transport (6%), and hotels and restaurants (5%). Kathmandu is famous for lokta paper and pashmina shawls.

What portion of Kathmandu's economy consists of agriculture?

context-441_17_3.mp3

context-441_17.mp3

Kevin

Other economic sectors in Kathmandu include agriculture (9%), education (6%), transport (6%), and hotels and restaurants (5%).

Other economic sectors in Kathmandu include agriculture (nine percent), education (six percent), transport (six percent), and hotels and restaurants (five percent).

question-441_17_4.mp3

Kimberly

What portion of Kathmandu's economy consists of agriculture?

5735ad64e853931400426abc

Kathmandu

Tourism is considered another important industry in Nepal. This industry started around 1950, as the country's political makeup changed and ended the country's isolation from the rest of the world. In 1956, air transportation was established and the Tribhuvan Highway, between Kathmandu and Raxaul (at India's border), was started. Separate organizations were created in Kathmandu to promote this activity; some of these include the Tourism Development Board, the Department of Tourism and the Civil Aviation Department. Furthermore, Nepal became a member of several international tourist associations. Establishing diplomatic relations with other nations further accentuated this activity. The hotel industry, travel agencies, training of tourist guides, and targeted publicity campaigns are the chief reasons for the remarkable growth of this industry in Nepal, and in Kathmandu in particular.

Approximately when did the Nepalese tourism industry begin?

context-441_18_1.mp3

context-441_18.mp3

Amy

This industry started around 1950, as the country's political makeup changed and ended the country's isolation from the rest of the world.

This industry started around nineteen fifty, as the country's political makeup changed and ended the country's isolation from the rest of the world.

question-441_18_0.mp3

Kevin

Approximately when did the Nepalese tourism industry begin?

5735ad64e853931400426abd

Kathmandu

Tourism is considered another important industry in Nepal. This industry started around 1950, as the country's political makeup changed and ended the country's isolation from the rest of the world. In 1956, air transportation was established and the Tribhuvan Highway, between Kathmandu and Raxaul (at India's border), was started. Separate organizations were created in Kathmandu to promote this activity; some of these include the Tourism Development Board, the Department of Tourism and the Civil Aviation Department. Furthermore, Nepal became a member of several international tourist associations. Establishing diplomatic relations with other nations further accentuated this activity. The hotel industry, travel agencies, training of tourist guides, and targeted publicity campaigns are the chief reasons for the remarkable growth of this industry in Nepal, and in Kathmandu in particular.

What city was connected to Kathmandu via the Tribhuvan Highway?

context-441_18_2.mp3

context-441_18.mp3

Amy

In 1956, air transportation was established and the Tribhuvan Highway, between Kathmandu and Raxaul (at India's border), was started.

In nineteen fifty-six, air transportation was established and the Tribhuvan Highway, between Kathmandu and Raxaul (at India's border), was started.

question-441_18_1.mp3

Olivia

What city was connected to Kathmandu via the Tribhuvan Highway?

5735ad64e853931400426abe

Kathmandu

Tourism is considered another important industry in Nepal. This industry started around 1950, as the country's political makeup changed and ended the country's isolation from the rest of the world. In 1956, air transportation was established and the Tribhuvan Highway, between Kathmandu and Raxaul (at India's border), was started. Separate organizations were created in Kathmandu to promote this activity; some of these include the Tourism Development Board, the Department of Tourism and the Civil Aviation Department. Furthermore, Nepal became a member of several international tourist associations. Establishing diplomatic relations with other nations further accentuated this activity. The hotel industry, travel agencies, training of tourist guides, and targeted publicity campaigns are the chief reasons for the remarkable growth of this industry in Nepal, and in Kathmandu in particular.

When did construction on the Tribhuvan Highway begin?

context-441_18_2.mp3

context-441_18.mp3

Amy

In 1956, air transportation was established and the Tribhuvan Highway, between Kathmandu and Raxaul (at India's border), was started.

In nineteen fifty-six, air transportation was established and the Tribhuvan Highway, between Kathmandu and Raxaul (at India's border), was started.

question-441_18_2.mp3

Emma

When did construction on the Tribhuvan Highway begin?

5735adcde853931400426ac2

Kathmandu

Since then, tourism in Nepal has thrived; it is the country's most important industry.[citation needed] Tourism is a major source of income for most of the people in the city, with several hundred thousand visitors annually. Hindu and Buddhist pilgrims from all over the world visit Kathmandu's religious sites such as Pashupatinath, Swayambhunath, Boudhanath and Budhanilkantha. From a mere 6,179 tourists in 1961/62, the number jumped to 491,504 in 1999/2000. Following the end of the Maoist insurgency, there was a significant rise of 509,956 tourist arrivals in 2009. Since then, tourism has improved as the country turned into a Democratic Republic. In economic terms, the foreign exchange registered 3.8% of the GDP in 1995/96 but then started declining[why?]. The high level of tourism is attributed to the natural grandeur of the Himalayas and the rich cultural heritage of the country.

What is the most significant industry in Nepal?

context-441_19_0.mp3

context-441_19.mp3

Kevin

Since then, tourism in Nepal has thrived; it is the country's most important industry.[citation needed] Tourism is a major source of income for most of the people in the city, with several hundred thousand visitors annually.

Since then, tourism in Nepal has thrived; it is the country's most important industry.[citation needed] Tourism is a major source of income for most of the people in the city, with several hundred thousand visitors annually.

question-441_19_0.mp3

Kimberly

What is the most significant industry in Nepal?

5735adcde853931400426ac3

Kathmandu

Since then, tourism in Nepal has thrived; it is the country's most important industry.[citation needed] Tourism is a major source of income for most of the people in the city, with several hundred thousand visitors annually. Hindu and Buddhist pilgrims from all over the world visit Kathmandu's religious sites such as Pashupatinath, Swayambhunath, Boudhanath and Budhanilkantha. From a mere 6,179 tourists in 1961/62, the number jumped to 491,504 in 1999/2000. Following the end of the Maoist insurgency, there was a significant rise of 509,956 tourist arrivals in 2009. Since then, tourism has improved as the country turned into a Democratic Republic. In economic terms, the foreign exchange registered 3.8% of the GDP in 1995/96 but then started declining[why?]. The high level of tourism is attributed to the natural grandeur of the Himalayas and the rich cultural heritage of the country.

Along with Buddhists, what religion's devotees visit Kathmandu?

context-441_19_1.mp3

context-441_19.mp3

Kevin

Hindu and Buddhist pilgrims from all over the world visit Kathmandu's religious sites such as Pashupatinath, Swayambhunath, Boudhanath and Budhanilkantha.

Hindu and Buddhist pilgrims from all over the world visit Kathmandu's religious sites such as Pashupatinath, Swayambhunath, Boudhanath and Budhanilkantha.

question-441_19_1.mp3

Ivy

Along with Buddhists, what religion's devotees visit Kathmandu?

5735adcde853931400426ac4

Kathmandu

Since then, tourism in Nepal has thrived; it is the country's most important industry.[citation needed] Tourism is a major source of income for most of the people in the city, with several hundred thousand visitors annually. Hindu and Buddhist pilgrims from all over the world visit Kathmandu's religious sites such as Pashupatinath, Swayambhunath, Boudhanath and Budhanilkantha. From a mere 6,179 tourists in 1961/62, the number jumped to 491,504 in 1999/2000. Following the end of the Maoist insurgency, there was a significant rise of 509,956 tourist arrivals in 2009. Since then, tourism has improved as the country turned into a Democratic Republic. In economic terms, the foreign exchange registered 3.8% of the GDP in 1995/96 but then started declining[why?]. The high level of tourism is attributed to the natural grandeur of the Himalayas and the rich cultural heritage of the country.

How many tourists visited Kathmandu in the period 1961-62?

context-441_19_2.mp3

context-441_19.mp3

Kevin

From a mere 6,179 tourists in 1961/62, the number jumped to 491,504 in 1999/2000.

From a mere six thousand, one hundred seventy-nine tourists in nineteen sixty-one/sixty-two, the number jumped to four hundred ninety-one thousand, five hundred four in nineteen ninety-nine/two thousand.

question-441_19_2.mp3

Amy

How many tourists visited Kathmandu in the period nineteen sixty-one-sixty-two?

5735adcde853931400426ac5

Kathmandu

Since then, tourism in Nepal has thrived; it is the country's most important industry.[citation needed] Tourism is a major source of income for most of the people in the city, with several hundred thousand visitors annually. Hindu and Buddhist pilgrims from all over the world visit Kathmandu's religious sites such as Pashupatinath, Swayambhunath, Boudhanath and Budhanilkantha. From a mere 6,179 tourists in 1961/62, the number jumped to 491,504 in 1999/2000. Following the end of the Maoist insurgency, there was a significant rise of 509,956 tourist arrivals in 2009. Since then, tourism has improved as the country turned into a Democratic Republic. In economic terms, the foreign exchange registered 3.8% of the GDP in 1995/96 but then started declining[why?]. The high level of tourism is attributed to the natural grandeur of the Himalayas and the rich cultural heritage of the country.

What event led to an increase in tourism in 2009?

context-441_19_3.mp3

context-441_19.mp3

Kevin

Following the end of the Maoist insurgency, there was a significant rise of 509,956 tourist arrivals in 2009.

Following the end of the Maoist insurgency, there was a significant rise of five hundred nine thousand, nine hundred fifty-six tourist arrivals in two thousand nine.

question-441_19_3.mp3

Olivia

What event led to an increase in tourism in two thousand nine?

5735adcde853931400426ac6

Kathmandu

Since then, tourism in Nepal has thrived; it is the country's most important industry.[citation needed] Tourism is a major source of income for most of the people in the city, with several hundred thousand visitors annually. Hindu and Buddhist pilgrims from all over the world visit Kathmandu's religious sites such as Pashupatinath, Swayambhunath, Boudhanath and Budhanilkantha. From a mere 6,179 tourists in 1961/62, the number jumped to 491,504 in 1999/2000. Following the end of the Maoist insurgency, there was a significant rise of 509,956 tourist arrivals in 2009. Since then, tourism has improved as the country turned into a Democratic Republic. In economic terms, the foreign exchange registered 3.8% of the GDP in 1995/96 but then started declining[why?]. The high level of tourism is attributed to the natural grandeur of the Himalayas and the rich cultural heritage of the country.

What Nepalese mountains are claimed to attract tourists?

context-441_19_6.mp3

context-441_19.mp3

Kevin

The high level of tourism is attributed to the natural grandeur of the Himalayas and the rich cultural heritage of the country.

The high level of tourism is attributed to the natural grandeur of the Himalayas and the rich cultural heritage of the country.

question-441_19_4.mp3

Kimberly

What Nepalese mountains are claimed to attract tourists?

5735ae59dc94161900571f1c

Kathmandu

The neighbourhood of Thamel is Kathmandu's primary "traveller's ghetto", packed with guest houses, restaurants, shops, and bookstores, catering to tourists. Another neighbourhood of growing popularity is Jhamel, a name for Jhamsikhel coined to rhyme with Thamel. Jhochhen Tol, also known as Freak Street, is Kathmandu's original traveler's haunt, made popular by the hippies of the 1960s and 1970s; it remains a popular alternative to Thamel. Asan is a bazaar and ceremonial square on the old trade route to Tibet, and provides a fine example of a traditional neighbourhood.

What Kathmandu neighborhood is noted for its abundance of tourists?

context-441_20_0.mp3

context-441_20.mp3

Kendra

The neighbourhood of Thamel is Kathmandu's primary "traveller's ghetto", packed with guest houses, restaurants, shops, and bookstores, catering to tourists.

The neighbourhood of Thamel is Kathmandu's primary "traveller's ghetto", packed with guest houses, restaurants, shops, and bookstores, catering to tourists.

question-441_20_0.mp3

Matthew

What Kathmandu neighborhood is noted for its abundance of tourists?

5735ae59dc94161900571f1d

Kathmandu

The neighbourhood of Thamel is Kathmandu's primary "traveller's ghetto", packed with guest houses, restaurants, shops, and bookstores, catering to tourists. Another neighbourhood of growing popularity is Jhamel, a name for Jhamsikhel coined to rhyme with Thamel. Jhochhen Tol, also known as Freak Street, is Kathmandu's original traveler's haunt, made popular by the hippies of the 1960s and 1970s; it remains a popular alternative to Thamel. Asan is a bazaar and ceremonial square on the old trade route to Tibet, and provides a fine example of a traditional neighbourhood.

What neighborhood is also known as Jhamel?

context-441_20_1.mp3

context-441_20.mp3

Kendra

Another neighbourhood of growing popularity is Jhamel, a name for Jhamsikhel coined to rhyme with Thamel.

Another neighbourhood of growing popularity is Jhamel, a name for Jhamsikhel coined to rhyme with Thamel.

question-441_20_1.mp3

Brian

What neighborhood is also known as Jhamel?

5735ae59dc94161900571f1e

Kathmandu

The neighbourhood of Thamel is Kathmandu's primary "traveller's ghetto", packed with guest houses, restaurants, shops, and bookstores, catering to tourists. Another neighbourhood of growing popularity is Jhamel, a name for Jhamsikhel coined to rhyme with Thamel. Jhochhen Tol, also known as Freak Street, is Kathmandu's original traveler's haunt, made popular by the hippies of the 1960s and 1970s; it remains a popular alternative to Thamel. Asan is a bazaar and ceremonial square on the old trade route to Tibet, and provides a fine example of a traditional neighbourhood.

What is the traditional name for Freak Street?

context-441_20_2.mp3

context-441_20.mp3

Kendra

Jhochhen Tol, also known as Freak Street, is Kathmandu's original traveler's haunt, made popular by the hippies of the 1960s and 1970s; it remains a popular alternative to Thamel.

Jhochhen Tol, also known as Freak Street, is Kathmandu's original traveler's haunt, made popular by the hippies of the nineteen sixtys and nineteen seventys; it remains a popular alternative to Thamel.

question-441_20_2.mp3

Kevin

What is the traditional name for Freak Street?

5735ae59dc94161900571f1f

Kathmandu

The neighbourhood of Thamel is Kathmandu's primary "traveller's ghetto", packed with guest houses, restaurants, shops, and bookstores, catering to tourists. Another neighbourhood of growing popularity is Jhamel, a name for Jhamsikhel coined to rhyme with Thamel. Jhochhen Tol, also known as Freak Street, is Kathmandu's original traveler's haunt, made popular by the hippies of the 1960s and 1970s; it remains a popular alternative to Thamel. Asan is a bazaar and ceremonial square on the old trade route to Tibet, and provides a fine example of a traditional neighbourhood.

What tourists first brought attention to Jhocchen Tol?

context-441_20_2.mp3

context-441_20.mp3

Kendra

Jhochhen Tol, also known as Freak Street, is Kathmandu's original traveler's haunt, made popular by the hippies of the 1960s and 1970s; it remains a popular alternative to Thamel.

Jhochhen Tol, also known as Freak Street, is Kathmandu's original traveler's haunt, made popular by the hippies of the nineteen sixtys and nineteen seventys; it remains a popular alternative to Thamel.

question-441_20_3.mp3

Joey

What tourists first brought attention to Jhocchen Tol?

5735b062dc94161900571f24

Kathmandu

With the opening of the tourist industry after the change in the political scenario of Nepal in 1950, the hotel industry drastically improved. Now Kathmandu boasts several luxury such as the Hyatt Regency, Dwarika's, theYak & Yeti, The Everest Hotel, Hotel Radisson, Hotel De L'Annapurna, The Malla Hotel, Shangri-La Hotel (which is not operated by the Shangri-La Hotel Group) and The Shanker Hotel. There are several four-star hotels such as Hotel Vaishali, Hotel Narayani, The Blue Star and Grand Hotel. The Garden Hotel, Hotel Ambassador, and Aloha Inn are among the three-star hotels in Kathmandu. Hotels like Hyatt Regency, De L'Annapurna and Hotel Yak & Yeti are among the five-star hotels providing casinos as well.

How many stars is Kathmandu's Grand Hotel?

context-441_21_2.mp3

context-441_21.mp3

Kimberly

There are several four-star hotels such as Hotel Vaishali, Hotel Narayani, The Blue Star and Grand Hotel.

There are several four-star hotels such as Hotel Vaishali, Hotel Narayani, The Blue Star and Grand Hotel.

question-441_21_0.mp3

Olivia

How many stars is Kathmandu's Grand Hotel?

5735b062dc94161900571f25

Kathmandu

With the opening of the tourist industry after the change in the political scenario of Nepal in 1950, the hotel industry drastically improved. Now Kathmandu boasts several luxury such as the Hyatt Regency, Dwarika's, theYak & Yeti, The Everest Hotel, Hotel Radisson, Hotel De L'Annapurna, The Malla Hotel, Shangri-La Hotel (which is not operated by the Shangri-La Hotel Group) and The Shanker Hotel. There are several four-star hotels such as Hotel Vaishali, Hotel Narayani, The Blue Star and Grand Hotel. The Garden Hotel, Hotel Ambassador, and Aloha Inn are among the three-star hotels in Kathmandu. Hotels like Hyatt Regency, De L'Annapurna and Hotel Yak & Yeti are among the five-star hotels providing casinos as well.

What type of hotel is Aloha Inn?

context-441_21_3.mp3

context-441_21.mp3

Kimberly

The Garden Hotel, Hotel Ambassador, and Aloha Inn are among the three-star hotels in Kathmandu.

The Garden Hotel, Hotel Ambassador, and Aloha Inn are among the three-star hotels in Kathmandu.

question-441_21_1.mp3

Joanna

What type of hotel is Aloha Inn?

5735b062dc94161900571f26

Kathmandu

With the opening of the tourist industry after the change in the political scenario of Nepal in 1950, the hotel industry drastically improved. Now Kathmandu boasts several luxury such as the Hyatt Regency, Dwarika's, theYak & Yeti, The Everest Hotel, Hotel Radisson, Hotel De L'Annapurna, The Malla Hotel, Shangri-La Hotel (which is not operated by the Shangri-La Hotel Group) and The Shanker Hotel. There are several four-star hotels such as Hotel Vaishali, Hotel Narayani, The Blue Star and Grand Hotel. The Garden Hotel, Hotel Ambassador, and Aloha Inn are among the three-star hotels in Kathmandu. Hotels like Hyatt Regency, De L'Annapurna and Hotel Yak & Yeti are among the five-star hotels providing casinos as well.

De L'Annapurna is an example of what sort of hotel?

context-441_21_4.mp3

context-441_21.mp3

Kimberly

Hotels like Hyatt Regency, De L'Annapurna and Hotel Yak & Yeti are among the five-star hotels providing casinos as well.

Hotels like Hyatt Regency, De L'Annapurna and Hotel Yak & Yeti are among the five-star hotels providing casinos as well.

question-441_21_2.mp3

Kevin

De L'Annapurna is an example of what sort of hotel?

5735b062dc94161900571f27

Kathmandu

With the opening of the tourist industry after the change in the political scenario of Nepal in 1950, the hotel industry drastically improved. Now Kathmandu boasts several luxury such as the Hyatt Regency, Dwarika's, theYak & Yeti, The Everest Hotel, Hotel Radisson, Hotel De L'Annapurna, The Malla Hotel, Shangri-La Hotel (which is not operated by the Shangri-La Hotel Group) and The Shanker Hotel. There are several four-star hotels such as Hotel Vaishali, Hotel Narayani, The Blue Star and Grand Hotel. The Garden Hotel, Hotel Ambassador, and Aloha Inn are among the three-star hotels in Kathmandu. Hotels like Hyatt Regency, De L'Annapurna and Hotel Yak & Yeti are among the five-star hotels providing casinos as well.

What attractions are present at Hotel Yak & Yeti and the Hyatt Regency?

context-441_21_4.mp3

context-441_21.mp3

Kimberly

Hotels like Hyatt Regency, De L'Annapurna and Hotel Yak & Yeti are among the five-star hotels providing casinos as well.

Hotels like Hyatt Regency, De L'Annapurna and Hotel Yak & Yeti are among the five-star hotels providing casinos as well.

question-441_21_3.mp3

Kendra

What attractions are present at Hotel Yak & Yeti and the Hyatt Regency?

5735b0dedc94161900571f2c

Kathmandu

Metropolitan Kathmandu is divided into five sectors: the Central Sector, the East Sector, the North Sector, the City Core and the West Sector. For civic administration, the city is further divided into 35 administrative wards. The Council administers the Metropolitan area of Kathmandu city through its 177 elected representatives and 20 nominated members. It holds biannual meetings to review, process and approve the annual budget and make major policy decisions. The ward's profile documents for the 35 wards prepared by the Kathmandu Metropolitan Council is detailed and provides information for each ward on population, the structure and condition of houses, the type of roads, educational, health and financial institutions, entertainment facilities, parking space, security provisions, etc. It also includes lists of development projects completed, on-going and planned, along with informative data about the cultural heritage, festivals, historical sites and the local inhabitants. Ward 16 is the largest, with an area of 437.4 ha; ward 26 is the smallest, with an area of 4 ha.

How many sectors make up the Kathmandu metropolitan area?

context-441_22_0.mp3

context-441_22.mp3

Matthew

Metropolitan Kathmandu is divided into five sectors: the Central Sector, the East Sector, the North Sector, the City Core and the West Sector.

Metropolitan Kathmandu is divided into five sectors: the Central Sector, the East Sector, the North Sector, the City Core and the West Sector.

question-441_22_0.mp3

Salli

How many sectors make up the Kathmandu metropolitan area?

5735b0dedc94161900571f2d

Kathmandu

Metropolitan Kathmandu is divided into five sectors: the Central Sector, the East Sector, the North Sector, the City Core and the West Sector. For civic administration, the city is further divided into 35 administrative wards. The Council administers the Metropolitan area of Kathmandu city through its 177 elected representatives and 20 nominated members. It holds biannual meetings to review, process and approve the annual budget and make major policy decisions. The ward's profile documents for the 35 wards prepared by the Kathmandu Metropolitan Council is detailed and provides information for each ward on population, the structure and condition of houses, the type of roads, educational, health and financial institutions, entertainment facilities, parking space, security provisions, etc. It also includes lists of development projects completed, on-going and planned, along with informative data about the cultural heritage, festivals, historical sites and the local inhabitants. Ward 16 is the largest, with an area of 437.4 ha; ward 26 is the smallest, with an area of 4 ha.

What sector of Kathmandu doesn't have the word 'sector' in its name?

context-441_22_0.mp3

context-441_22.mp3

Matthew

Metropolitan Kathmandu is divided into five sectors: the Central Sector, the East Sector, the North Sector, the City Core and the West Sector.

Metropolitan Kathmandu is divided into five sectors: the Central Sector, the East Sector, the North Sector, the City Core and the West Sector.

question-441_22_1.mp3

Matthew

What sector of Kathmandu doesn't have the word 'sector' in its name?

5735b0dedc94161900571f2e

Kathmandu

Metropolitan Kathmandu is divided into five sectors: the Central Sector, the East Sector, the North Sector, the City Core and the West Sector. For civic administration, the city is further divided into 35 administrative wards. The Council administers the Metropolitan area of Kathmandu city through its 177 elected representatives and 20 nominated members. It holds biannual meetings to review, process and approve the annual budget and make major policy decisions. The ward's profile documents for the 35 wards prepared by the Kathmandu Metropolitan Council is detailed and provides information for each ward on population, the structure and condition of houses, the type of roads, educational, health and financial institutions, entertainment facilities, parking space, security provisions, etc. It also includes lists of development projects completed, on-going and planned, along with informative data about the cultural heritage, festivals, historical sites and the local inhabitants. Ward 16 is the largest, with an area of 437.4 ha; ward 26 is the smallest, with an area of 4 ha.

What is the purpose of Kathmandu being divided into 35 wards?

context-441_22_1.mp3

context-441_22.mp3

Matthew

For civic administration, the city is further divided into 35 administrative wards.

For civic administration, the city is further divided into thirty-five administrative wards.

question-441_22_2.mp3

Amy

What is the purpose of Kathmandu being divided into thirty-five wards?

5735b0dedc94161900571f2f

Kathmandu

Metropolitan Kathmandu is divided into five sectors: the Central Sector, the East Sector, the North Sector, the City Core and the West Sector. For civic administration, the city is further divided into 35 administrative wards. The Council administers the Metropolitan area of Kathmandu city through its 177 elected representatives and 20 nominated members. It holds biannual meetings to review, process and approve the annual budget and make major policy decisions. The ward's profile documents for the 35 wards prepared by the Kathmandu Metropolitan Council is detailed and provides information for each ward on population, the structure and condition of houses, the type of roads, educational, health and financial institutions, entertainment facilities, parking space, security provisions, etc. It also includes lists of development projects completed, on-going and planned, along with informative data about the cultural heritage, festivals, historical sites and the local inhabitants. Ward 16 is the largest, with an area of 437.4 ha; ward 26 is the smallest, with an area of 4 ha.

How many members of the Council received their positions via nomination rather than election?

context-441_22_2.mp3

context-441_22.mp3

Matthew

The Council administers the Metropolitan area of Kathmandu city through its 177 elected representatives and 20 nominated members.

The Council administers the Metropolitan area of Kathmandu city through its one hundred seventy-seven elected representatives and twenty nominated members.

question-441_22_3.mp3

Emma

How many members of the Council received their positions via nomination rather than election?

5735b0dedc94161900571f30

Kathmandu

Metropolitan Kathmandu is divided into five sectors: the Central Sector, the East Sector, the North Sector, the City Core and the West Sector. For civic administration, the city is further divided into 35 administrative wards. The Council administers the Metropolitan area of Kathmandu city through its 177 elected representatives and 20 nominated members. It holds biannual meetings to review, process and approve the annual budget and make major policy decisions. The ward's profile documents for the 35 wards prepared by the Kathmandu Metropolitan Council is detailed and provides information for each ward on population, the structure and condition of houses, the type of roads, educational, health and financial institutions, entertainment facilities, parking space, security provisions, etc. It also includes lists of development projects completed, on-going and planned, along with informative data about the cultural heritage, festivals, historical sites and the local inhabitants. Ward 16 is the largest, with an area of 437.4 ha; ward 26 is the smallest, with an area of 4 ha.

How many hectares in size is Kathmandu's ward 26?

context-441_22_6.mp3

context-441_22.mp3

Matthew

Ward 16 is the largest, with an area of 437.4 ha; ward 26 is the smallest, with an area of 4 ha.

Ward sixteen is the largest, with an area of four hundred thirty-seven point four ha; ward twenty-six is the smallest, with an area of four ha.

question-441_22_4.mp3

Joey

How many hectares in size is Kathmandu's ward twenty-six?

5735b2a8dc94161900571f36

Kathmandu

The fire service, known as the Barun Yantra Karyalaya, opened its first station in Kathmandu in 1937 with a single vehicle. An iron tower was erected to monitor the city and watch for fire. As a precautionary measure, firemen were sent to the areas which were designated as accident-prone areas. In 1944, the fire service was extended to the neighboring cities of Lalitpur and Bhaktapur. In 1966, a fire service was established in Kathmandu airport. In 1975, a West German government donation added seven fire engines to Kathmandu's fire service. The fire service in the city is also overlooked by an international non-governmental organization, the Firefighters Volunteer Association of Nepal (FAN), which was established in 2000 with the purpose of raising public awareness about fire and improving safety.

What is Kathmandu's fire department called?

context-441_23_0.mp3

context-441_23.mp3

Emma

The fire service, known as the Barun Yantra Karyalaya, opened its first station in Kathmandu in 1937 with a single vehicle.

The fire service, known as the Barun Yantra Karyalaya, opened its first station in Kathmandu in nineteen thirty-seven with a single vehicle.

question-441_23_0.mp3

Kimberly

What is Kathmandu's fire department called?

5735b2a8dc94161900571f37

Kathmandu

The fire service, known as the Barun Yantra Karyalaya, opened its first station in Kathmandu in 1937 with a single vehicle. An iron tower was erected to monitor the city and watch for fire. As a precautionary measure, firemen were sent to the areas which were designated as accident-prone areas. In 1944, the fire service was extended to the neighboring cities of Lalitpur and Bhaktapur. In 1966, a fire service was established in Kathmandu airport. In 1975, a West German government donation added seven fire engines to Kathmandu's fire service. The fire service in the city is also overlooked by an international non-governmental organization, the Firefighters Volunteer Association of Nepal (FAN), which was established in 2000 with the purpose of raising public awareness about fire and improving safety.

What year saw the founding of Kathmandu's fire department?

context-441_23_0.mp3

context-441_23.mp3

Emma

The fire service, known as the Barun Yantra Karyalaya, opened its first station in Kathmandu in 1937 with a single vehicle.

The fire service, known as the Barun Yantra Karyalaya, opened its first station in Kathmandu in nineteen thirty-seven with a single vehicle.

question-441_23_1.mp3

Kendra

What year saw the founding of Kathmandu's fire department?

5735b2a8dc94161900571f38

Kathmandu

The fire service, known as the Barun Yantra Karyalaya, opened its first station in Kathmandu in 1937 with a single vehicle. An iron tower was erected to monitor the city and watch for fire. As a precautionary measure, firemen were sent to the areas which were designated as accident-prone areas. In 1944, the fire service was extended to the neighboring cities of Lalitpur and Bhaktapur. In 1966, a fire service was established in Kathmandu airport. In 1975, a West German government donation added seven fire engines to Kathmandu's fire service. The fire service in the city is also overlooked by an international non-governmental organization, the Firefighters Volunteer Association of Nepal (FAN), which was established in 2000 with the purpose of raising public awareness about fire and improving safety.

When did Bhaktapur receive coverage from the fire department?

context-441_23_3.mp3

context-441_23.mp3

Emma

In 1944, the fire service was extended to the neighboring cities of Lalitpur and Bhaktapur.

In nineteen forty-four, the fire service was extended to the neighboring cities of Lalitpur and Bhaktapur.

question-441_23_2.mp3

Joanna

When did Bhaktapur receive coverage from the fire department?

5735b2a8dc94161900571f39

Kathmandu

The fire service, known as the Barun Yantra Karyalaya, opened its first station in Kathmandu in 1937 with a single vehicle. An iron tower was erected to monitor the city and watch for fire. As a precautionary measure, firemen were sent to the areas which were designated as accident-prone areas. In 1944, the fire service was extended to the neighboring cities of Lalitpur and Bhaktapur. In 1966, a fire service was established in Kathmandu airport. In 1975, a West German government donation added seven fire engines to Kathmandu's fire service. The fire service in the city is also overlooked by an international non-governmental organization, the Firefighters Volunteer Association of Nepal (FAN), which was established in 2000 with the purpose of raising public awareness about fire and improving safety.

How many fire trucks did West Germany donate to Kathmandu?

context-441_23_5.mp3

context-441_23.mp3

Emma

In 1975, a West German government donation added seven fire engines to Kathmandu's fire service.

In nineteen seventy-five, a West German government donation added seven fire engines to Kathmandu's fire service.

question-441_23_3.mp3

Matthew

How many fire trucks did West Germany donate to Kathmandu?

5735b2a8dc94161900571f3a

Kathmandu

The fire service, known as the Barun Yantra Karyalaya, opened its first station in Kathmandu in 1937 with a single vehicle. An iron tower was erected to monitor the city and watch for fire. As a precautionary measure, firemen were sent to the areas which were designated as accident-prone areas. In 1944, the fire service was extended to the neighboring cities of Lalitpur and Bhaktapur. In 1966, a fire service was established in Kathmandu airport. In 1975, a West German government donation added seven fire engines to Kathmandu's fire service. The fire service in the city is also overlooked by an international non-governmental organization, the Firefighters Volunteer Association of Nepal (FAN), which was established in 2000 with the purpose of raising public awareness about fire and improving safety.

What is the mission of FAN?

context-441_23_6.mp3

context-441_23.mp3

Emma

The fire service in the city is also overlooked by an international non-governmental organization, the Firefighters Volunteer Association of Nepal (FAN), which was established in 2000 with the purpose of raising public awareness about fire and improving safety.

The fire service in the city is also overlooked by an international non-governmental organization, the Firefighters Volunteer Association of Nepal (FAN), which was established in two thousand with the purpose of raising public awareness about fire and improving safety.

question-441_23_4.mp3

Joanna

What is the mission of FAN?

5735b876dc94161900571f4a

Kathmandu

Over the years the city has been home to people of various ethnicities, resulting in a range of different traditions and cultural practices. In one decade, the population increased from 427,045 in 1991 to 671,805 in 2001. The population was projected to reach 915,071 in 2011 and 1,319,597 by 2021. To keep up this population growth, the KMC-controlled area of 5,076.6 hectares (12,545 acres) has expanded to 8,214 hectares (20,300 acres) in 2001. With this new area, the population density which was 85 in 1991 is still 85 in 2001; it is likely to jump to 111 in 2011 and 161 in 2021.

What was the population of Kathmandu in 1991?

context-441_24_1.mp3

context-441_24.mp3

Salli

In one decade, the population increased from 427,045 in 1991 to 671,805 in 2001.

In one decade, the population increased from four hundred twenty-seven thousand forty-five in nineteen ninety-one to six hundred seventy-one thousand, eight hundred five in two thousand one.

question-441_24_0.mp3

Kevin

What was the population of Kathmandu in nineteen ninety-one?

5735b876dc94161900571f4b

Kathmandu

Over the years the city has been home to people of various ethnicities, resulting in a range of different traditions and cultural practices. In one decade, the population increased from 427,045 in 1991 to 671,805 in 2001. The population was projected to reach 915,071 in 2011 and 1,319,597 by 2021. To keep up this population growth, the KMC-controlled area of 5,076.6 hectares (12,545 acres) has expanded to 8,214 hectares (20,300 acres) in 2001. With this new area, the population density which was 85 in 1991 is still 85 in 2001; it is likely to jump to 111 in 2011 and 161 in 2021.

About how many people are likely to live in Kathmandu in 2021?

context-441_24_2.mp3

context-441_24.mp3

Salli

The population was projected to reach 915,071 in 2011 and 1,319,597 by 2021.

The population was projected to reach nine hundred fifteen thousand seventy-one in twenty eleven and one million, three hundred nineteen thousand, five hundred ninety-seven by twenty twenty-one.

question-441_24_1.mp3

Brian

About how many people are likely to live in Kathmandu in twenty twenty-one?

5735b876dc94161900571f4c

Kathmandu

Over the years the city has been home to people of various ethnicities, resulting in a range of different traditions and cultural practices. In one decade, the population increased from 427,045 in 1991 to 671,805 in 2001. The population was projected to reach 915,071 in 2011 and 1,319,597 by 2021. To keep up this population growth, the KMC-controlled area of 5,076.6 hectares (12,545 acres) has expanded to 8,214 hectares (20,300 acres) in 2001. With this new area, the population density which was 85 in 1991 is still 85 in 2001; it is likely to jump to 111 in 2011 and 161 in 2021.

How dense was the population of Kathmandu in 1991?

context-441_24_4.mp3

context-441_24.mp3

Salli

With this new area, the population density which was 85 in 1991 is still 85 in 2001; it is likely to jump to 111 in 2011 and 161 in 2021.

With this new area, the population density which was eighty-five in nineteen ninety-one is still eighty-five in two thousand one; it is likely to jump to one hundred eleven in twenty eleven and one hundred sixty-one in twenty twenty-one.

question-441_24_2.mp3

Olivia

How dense was the population of Kathmandu in nineteen ninety-one?

5735b876dc94161900571f4d

Kathmandu

Over the years the city has been home to people of various ethnicities, resulting in a range of different traditions and cultural practices. In one decade, the population increased from 427,045 in 1991 to 671,805 in 2001. The population was projected to reach 915,071 in 2011 and 1,319,597 by 2021. To keep up this population growth, the KMC-controlled area of 5,076.6 hectares (12,545 acres) has expanded to 8,214 hectares (20,300 acres) in 2001. With this new area, the population density which was 85 in 1991 is still 85 in 2001; it is likely to jump to 111 in 2011 and 161 in 2021.

How many acres of land did the KMC control in 2001?

context-441_24_3.mp3

context-441_24.mp3

Salli

To keep up this population growth, the KMC-controlled area of 5,076.6 hectares (12,545 acres) has expanded to 8,214 hectares (20,300 acres) in 2001.

To keep up this population growth, the KMC-controlled area of five thousand seventy-six point six hectares (twelve thousand, five hundred forty-five acres) has expanded to eight thousand, two hundred fourteen hectares (twenty thousand, three hundred acres) in two thousand one.

question-441_24_3.mp3

Olivia

How many acres of land did the KMC control in two thousand one?

5735b8cde853931400426ae3

Kathmandu

The largest ethnic groups are Newar (29.6%), Matwali (25.1% Sunuwar, Gurung, Magars, Tamang etc.), Khas Brahmins (20.51%) and Chettris (18.5%) . Tamangs originating from surrounding hill districts can be seen in Kathmandu. More recently, other hill ethnic groups and Caste groups from Terai have come to represent a substantial proportion of the city's population. The major languages are Nepali and Nepal Bhasa, while English is understood by many, particularly in the service industry. The major religions are Hinduism and Buddhism.

What percentage of Kathmandu residents are Chettris?

context-441_25_0.mp3

context-441_25.mp3

Ivy

The largest ethnic groups are Newar (29.6%), Matwali (25.1% Sunuwar, Gurung, Magars, Tamang etc.), Khas Brahmins (20.51%) and Chettris (18.5%) .

The largest ethnic groups are Newar (twenty-nine point six percent), Matwali (twenty-five point one percent Sunuwar, Gurung, Magars, Tamang etc.), Khas Brahmins (twenty point fifty-one percent) and Chettris (eighteen point five percent) .

question-441_25_0.mp3

Olivia

What percentage of Kathmandu residents are Chettris?

5735b8cde853931400426ae4

Kathmandu

The largest ethnic groups are Newar (29.6%), Matwali (25.1% Sunuwar, Gurung, Magars, Tamang etc.), Khas Brahmins (20.51%) and Chettris (18.5%) . Tamangs originating from surrounding hill districts can be seen in Kathmandu. More recently, other hill ethnic groups and Caste groups from Terai have come to represent a substantial proportion of the city's population. The major languages are Nepali and Nepal Bhasa, while English is understood by many, particularly in the service industry. The major religions are Hinduism and Buddhism.

What is the third largest ethnic group in Kathmandu?

context-441_25_0.mp3

context-441_25.mp3

Ivy

The largest ethnic groups are Newar (29.6%), Matwali (25.1% Sunuwar, Gurung, Magars, Tamang etc.), Khas Brahmins (20.51%) and Chettris (18.5%) .

The largest ethnic groups are Newar (twenty-nine point six percent), Matwali (twenty-five point one percent Sunuwar, Gurung, Magars, Tamang etc.), Khas Brahmins (twenty point fifty-one percent) and Chettris (eighteen point five percent) .

question-441_25_1.mp3

Kendra

What is the third largest ethnic group in Kathmandu?

5735b8cde853931400426ae5

Kathmandu

The largest ethnic groups are Newar (29.6%), Matwali (25.1% Sunuwar, Gurung, Magars, Tamang etc.), Khas Brahmins (20.51%) and Chettris (18.5%) . Tamangs originating from surrounding hill districts can be seen in Kathmandu. More recently, other hill ethnic groups and Caste groups from Terai have come to represent a substantial proportion of the city's population. The major languages are Nepali and Nepal Bhasa, while English is understood by many, particularly in the service industry. The major religions are Hinduism and Buddhism.

What are Kathmandu's primary religions?

context-441_25_4.mp3

context-441_25.mp3

Ivy

The major religions are Hinduism and Buddhism.

The major religions are Hinduism and Buddhism.

question-441_25_2.mp3

Ivy

What are Kathmandu's primary religions?

5735b8cde853931400426ae6

Kathmandu

The largest ethnic groups are Newar (29.6%), Matwali (25.1% Sunuwar, Gurung, Magars, Tamang etc.), Khas Brahmins (20.51%) and Chettris (18.5%) . Tamangs originating from surrounding hill districts can be seen in Kathmandu. More recently, other hill ethnic groups and Caste groups from Terai have come to represent a substantial proportion of the city's population. The major languages are Nepali and Nepal Bhasa, while English is understood by many, particularly in the service industry. The major religions are Hinduism and Buddhism.

What Kathmandu industry is particularly known for its English speakers?

context-441_25_3.mp3

context-441_25.mp3

Ivy

The major languages are Nepali and Nepal Bhasa, while English is understood by many, particularly in the service industry.

The major languages are Nepali and Nepal Bhasa, while English is understood by many, particularly in the service industry.

question-441_25_3.mp3

Olivia

What Kathmandu industry is particularly known for its English speakers?

5735b8cde853931400426ae7

Kathmandu

The largest ethnic groups are Newar (29.6%), Matwali (25.1% Sunuwar, Gurung, Magars, Tamang etc.), Khas Brahmins (20.51%) and Chettris (18.5%) . Tamangs originating from surrounding hill districts can be seen in Kathmandu. More recently, other hill ethnic groups and Caste groups from Terai have come to represent a substantial proportion of the city's population. The major languages are Nepali and Nepal Bhasa, while English is understood by many, particularly in the service industry. The major religions are Hinduism and Buddhism.

Along with Nepali, what is Kathmandu's main language?

context-441_25_3.mp3

context-441_25.mp3

Ivy

The major languages are Nepali and Nepal Bhasa, while English is understood by many, particularly in the service industry.

The major languages are Nepali and Nepal Bhasa, while English is understood by many, particularly in the service industry.

question-441_25_4.mp3

Amy

Along with Nepali, what is Kathmandu's main language?

5735ba07dc94161900571f52

Kathmandu

The ancient trade route between India and Tibet that passed through Kathmandu enabled a fusion of artistic and architectural traditions from other cultures to be amalgamated with local art and architecture. The monuments of Kathmandu City have been influenced over the centuries by Hindu and Buddhist religious practices. The architectural treasure of the Kathmandu valley has been categorized under the well-known seven groups of heritage monuments and buildings. In 2006 UNESCO declared these seven groups of monuments as a World Heritage Site (WHS). The seven monuments zones cover an area of 188.95 hectares (466.9 acres), with the buffer zone extending to 239.34 hectares (591.4 acres). The Seven Monument Zones (Mzs) inscribed originally in 1979 and with a minor modification in 2006 are Durbar squares of Hanuman Dhoka, Patan and Bhaktapur, Hindu temples of Pashupatinath and Changunarayan, the Buddhist stupas of Swayambhu and Boudhanath.

What religion does Changunarayan belong to?

context-441_26_5.mp3

context-441_26.mp3

Justin

The Seven Monument Zones (Mzs) inscribed originally in 1979 and with a minor modification in 2006 are Durbar squares of Hanuman Dhoka, Patan and Bhaktapur, Hindu temples of Pashupatinath and Changunarayan, the Buddhist stupas of Swayambhu and Boudhanath.

The Seven Monument Zones (Mzs) inscribed originally in nineteen seventy-nine and with a minor modification in two thousand six are Durbar squares of Hanuman Dhoka, Patan and Bhaktapur, Hindu temples of Pashupatinath and Changunarayan, the Buddhist stupas of Swayambhu and Boudhanath.

question-441_26_0.mp3

Joanna

What religion does Changunarayan belong to?

5735ba07dc94161900571f53

Kathmandu

The ancient trade route between India and Tibet that passed through Kathmandu enabled a fusion of artistic and architectural traditions from other cultures to be amalgamated with local art and architecture. The monuments of Kathmandu City have been influenced over the centuries by Hindu and Buddhist religious practices. The architectural treasure of the Kathmandu valley has been categorized under the well-known seven groups of heritage monuments and buildings. In 2006 UNESCO declared these seven groups of monuments as a World Heritage Site (WHS). The seven monuments zones cover an area of 188.95 hectares (466.9 acres), with the buffer zone extending to 239.34 hectares (591.4 acres). The Seven Monument Zones (Mzs) inscribed originally in 1979 and with a minor modification in 2006 are Durbar squares of Hanuman Dhoka, Patan and Bhaktapur, Hindu temples of Pashupatinath and Changunarayan, the Buddhist stupas of Swayambhu and Boudhanath.

What Buddhist monuments are present at Boudhanath?

context-441_26_5.mp3

context-441_26.mp3

Justin

The Seven Monument Zones (Mzs) inscribed originally in 1979 and with a minor modification in 2006 are Durbar squares of Hanuman Dhoka, Patan and Bhaktapur, Hindu temples of Pashupatinath and Changunarayan, the Buddhist stupas of Swayambhu and Boudhanath.

The Seven Monument Zones (Mzs) inscribed originally in nineteen seventy-nine and with a minor modification in two thousand six are Durbar squares of Hanuman Dhoka, Patan and Bhaktapur, Hindu temples of Pashupatinath and Changunarayan, the Buddhist stupas of Swayambhu and Boudhanath.

question-441_26_1.mp3

Justin

What Buddhist monuments are present at Boudhanath?

5735ba07dc94161900571f54

Kathmandu

The ancient trade route between India and Tibet that passed through Kathmandu enabled a fusion of artistic and architectural traditions from other cultures to be amalgamated with local art and architecture. The monuments of Kathmandu City have been influenced over the centuries by Hindu and Buddhist religious practices. The architectural treasure of the Kathmandu valley has been categorized under the well-known seven groups of heritage monuments and buildings. In 2006 UNESCO declared these seven groups of monuments as a World Heritage Site (WHS). The seven monuments zones cover an area of 188.95 hectares (466.9 acres), with the buffer zone extending to 239.34 hectares (591.4 acres). The Seven Monument Zones (Mzs) inscribed originally in 1979 and with a minor modification in 2006 are Durbar squares of Hanuman Dhoka, Patan and Bhaktapur, Hindu temples of Pashupatinath and Changunarayan, the Buddhist stupas of Swayambhu and Boudhanath.

How many acres are the Kathmandu valley monument zones?

context-441_26_4.mp3

context-441_26.mp3

Justin

The seven monuments zones cover an area of 188.95 hectares (466.9 acres), with the buffer zone extending to 239.34 hectares (591.4 acres).

The seven monuments zones cover an area of one hundred eighty-eight point ninety-five hectares (four hundred sixty-six point nine acres), with the buffer zone extending to two hundred thirty-nine point thirty-four hectares (five hundred ninety-one point four acres).

question-441_26_2.mp3

Kevin

How many acres are the Kathmandu valley monument zones?

5735ba07dc94161900571f55

Kathmandu

The ancient trade route between India and Tibet that passed through Kathmandu enabled a fusion of artistic and architectural traditions from other cultures to be amalgamated with local art and architecture. The monuments of Kathmandu City have been influenced over the centuries by Hindu and Buddhist religious practices. The architectural treasure of the Kathmandu valley has been categorized under the well-known seven groups of heritage monuments and buildings. In 2006 UNESCO declared these seven groups of monuments as a World Heritage Site (WHS). The seven monuments zones cover an area of 188.95 hectares (466.9 acres), with the buffer zone extending to 239.34 hectares (591.4 acres). The Seven Monument Zones (Mzs) inscribed originally in 1979 and with a minor modification in 2006 are Durbar squares of Hanuman Dhoka, Patan and Bhaktapur, Hindu temples of Pashupatinath and Changunarayan, the Buddhist stupas of Swayambhu and Boudhanath.

In hectares, how large is the Kathmandu valley monument buffer zone?

context-441_26_4.mp3

context-441_26.mp3

Justin

The seven monuments zones cover an area of 188.95 hectares (466.9 acres), with the buffer zone extending to 239.34 hectares (591.4 acres).

The seven monuments zones cover an area of one hundred eighty-eight point ninety-five hectares (four hundred sixty-six point nine acres), with the buffer zone extending to two hundred thirty-nine point thirty-four hectares (five hundred ninety-one point four acres).

question-441_26_3.mp3

Emma

In hectares, how large is the Kathmandu valley monument buffer zone?

5735ba07dc94161900571f56

Kathmandu

The ancient trade route between India and Tibet that passed through Kathmandu enabled a fusion of artistic and architectural traditions from other cultures to be amalgamated with local art and architecture. The monuments of Kathmandu City have been influenced over the centuries by Hindu and Buddhist religious practices. The architectural treasure of the Kathmandu valley has been categorized under the well-known seven groups of heritage monuments and buildings. In 2006 UNESCO declared these seven groups of monuments as a World Heritage Site (WHS). The seven monuments zones cover an area of 188.95 hectares (466.9 acres), with the buffer zone extending to 239.34 hectares (591.4 acres). The Seven Monument Zones (Mzs) inscribed originally in 1979 and with a minor modification in 2006 are Durbar squares of Hanuman Dhoka, Patan and Bhaktapur, Hindu temples of Pashupatinath and Changunarayan, the Buddhist stupas of Swayambhu and Boudhanath.

When did the Kathmandu valley monuments receive WHS status?

context-441_26_3.mp3

context-441_26.mp3

Justin

In 2006 UNESCO declared these seven groups of monuments as a World Heritage Site (WHS).

In two thousand six UNESCO declared these seven groups of monuments as a World Heritage Site (WHS).

question-441_26_4.mp3

Kendra

When did the Kathmandu valley monuments receive WHS status?

5735ba6ee853931400426aed

Kathmandu

The literal meaning of Durbar Square is a "place of palaces". There are three preserved Durbar Squares in Kathmandu valley and one unpreserved in Kirtipur. The Durbar Square of Kathmandu is located in the old city and has heritage buildings representing four kingdoms (Kantipur, Lalitpur, Bhaktapur, Kirtipur); the earliest is the Licchavi dynasty. The complex has 50 temples and is distributed in two quadrangles of the Durbar Square. The outer quadrangle has the Kasthamandap, Kumari Ghar, and Shiva-Parvati Temple; the inner quadrangle has the Hanuman Dhoka palace. The squares were severely damaged in the April 2015 Nepal earthquake.

Where is a Durban Square located that is not preserved?

context-441_27_1.mp3

context-441_27.mp3

Justin

There are three preserved Durbar Squares in Kathmandu valley and one unpreserved in Kirtipur.

There are three preserved Durbar Squares in Kathmandu valley and one unpreserved in Kirtipur.

question-441_27_0.mp3

Matthew

Where is a Durban Square located that is not preserved?

5735ba6ee853931400426aee

Kathmandu

The literal meaning of Durbar Square is a "place of palaces". There are three preserved Durbar Squares in Kathmandu valley and one unpreserved in Kirtipur. The Durbar Square of Kathmandu is located in the old city and has heritage buildings representing four kingdoms (Kantipur, Lalitpur, Bhaktapur, Kirtipur); the earliest is the Licchavi dynasty. The complex has 50 temples and is distributed in two quadrangles of the Durbar Square. The outer quadrangle has the Kasthamandap, Kumari Ghar, and Shiva-Parvati Temple; the inner quadrangle has the Hanuman Dhoka palace. The squares were severely damaged in the April 2015 Nepal earthquake.

What is the oldest dynasty to be represented with buildings in Kathmandu's Durbar Square?

context-441_27_2.mp3

context-441_27.mp3

Justin

The Durbar Square of Kathmandu is located in the old city and has heritage buildings representing four kingdoms (Kantipur, Lalitpur, Bhaktapur, Kirtipur); the earliest is the Licchavi dynasty.

The Durbar Square of Kathmandu is located in the old city and has heritage buildings representing four kingdoms (Kantipur, Lalitpur, Bhaktapur, Kirtipur); the earliest is the Licchavi dynasty.

question-441_27_1.mp3

Kendra

What is the oldest dynasty to be represented with buildings in Kathmandu's Durbar Square?

5735ba6ee853931400426aef

Kathmandu

The literal meaning of Durbar Square is a "place of palaces". There are three preserved Durbar Squares in Kathmandu valley and one unpreserved in Kirtipur. The Durbar Square of Kathmandu is located in the old city and has heritage buildings representing four kingdoms (Kantipur, Lalitpur, Bhaktapur, Kirtipur); the earliest is the Licchavi dynasty. The complex has 50 temples and is distributed in two quadrangles of the Durbar Square. The outer quadrangle has the Kasthamandap, Kumari Ghar, and Shiva-Parvati Temple; the inner quadrangle has the Hanuman Dhoka palace. The squares were severely damaged in the April 2015 Nepal earthquake.

How many temples are present in Kathmandu's Durbar Square?

context-441_27_3.mp3

context-441_27.mp3

Justin

The complex has 50 temples and is distributed in two quadrangles of the Durbar Square.

The complex has fifty temples and is distributed in two quadrangles of the Durbar Square.

question-441_27_2.mp3

Kendra

How many temples are present in Kathmandu's Durbar Square?

5735ba6ee853931400426af0

Kathmandu

The literal meaning of Durbar Square is a "place of palaces". There are three preserved Durbar Squares in Kathmandu valley and one unpreserved in Kirtipur. The Durbar Square of Kathmandu is located in the old city and has heritage buildings representing four kingdoms (Kantipur, Lalitpur, Bhaktapur, Kirtipur); the earliest is the Licchavi dynasty. The complex has 50 temples and is distributed in two quadrangles of the Durbar Square. The outer quadrangle has the Kasthamandap, Kumari Ghar, and Shiva-Parvati Temple; the inner quadrangle has the Hanuman Dhoka palace. The squares were severely damaged in the April 2015 Nepal earthquake.

When did a notable earthquake occur that damaged Kathmandu's Durbar Square?

context-441_27_5.mp3

context-441_27.mp3

Justin

The squares were severely damaged in the April 2015 Nepal earthquake.

The squares were severely damaged in the April twenty fifteen Nepal earthquake.

question-441_27_3.mp3

Justin

When did a notable earthquake occur that damaged Kathmandu's Durbar Square?

5735ba6ee853931400426af1

Kathmandu

The literal meaning of Durbar Square is a "place of palaces". There are three preserved Durbar Squares in Kathmandu valley and one unpreserved in Kirtipur. The Durbar Square of Kathmandu is located in the old city and has heritage buildings representing four kingdoms (Kantipur, Lalitpur, Bhaktapur, Kirtipur); the earliest is the Licchavi dynasty. The complex has 50 temples and is distributed in two quadrangles of the Durbar Square. The outer quadrangle has the Kasthamandap, Kumari Ghar, and Shiva-Parvati Temple; the inner quadrangle has the Hanuman Dhoka palace. The squares were severely damaged in the April 2015 Nepal earthquake.

How many kingdoms have buildings present in the Durbar Square of Kathmandu?

context-441_27_2.mp3

context-441_27.mp3

Justin

The Durbar Square of Kathmandu is located in the old city and has heritage buildings representing four kingdoms (Kantipur, Lalitpur, Bhaktapur, Kirtipur); the earliest is the Licchavi dynasty.

The Durbar Square of Kathmandu is located in the old city and has heritage buildings representing four kingdoms (Kantipur, Lalitpur, Bhaktapur, Kirtipur); the earliest is the Licchavi dynasty.

question-441_27_4.mp3

Kimberly

How many kingdoms have buildings present in the Durbar Square of Kathmandu?

5735bb2adc94161900571f65

Kathmandu

Kumari Ghar is a palace in the center of the Kathmandu city, next to the Durbar square where a Royal Kumari selected from several Kumaris resides. Kumari, or Kumari Devi, is the tradition of worshipping young pre-pubescent girls as manifestations of the divine female energy or devi in South Asian countries. In Nepal the selection process is very rigorous. Kumari is believed to be the bodily incarnation of the goddess Taleju (the Nepali name for Durga) until she menstruates, after which it is believed that the goddess vacates her body. Serious illness or a major loss of blood from an injury are also causes for her to revert to common status. The current Royal Kumari, Matina Shakya, age four, was installed in October 2008 by the Maoist government that replaced the monarchy.

What is Durga called in Nepali?

context-441_28_3.mp3

context-441_28.mp3

Olivia

Kumari is believed to be the bodily incarnation of the goddess Taleju (the Nepali name for Durga) until she menstruates, after which it is believed that the goddess vacates her body.

Kumari is believed to be the bodily incarnation of the goddess Taleju (the Nepali name for Durga) until she menstruates, after which it is believed that the goddess vacates her body.

question-441_28_0.mp3

Salli

What is Durga called in Nepali?

5735bb2adc94161900571f66

Kathmandu

Kumari Ghar is a palace in the center of the Kathmandu city, next to the Durbar square where a Royal Kumari selected from several Kumaris resides. Kumari, or Kumari Devi, is the tradition of worshipping young pre-pubescent girls as manifestations of the divine female energy or devi in South Asian countries. In Nepal the selection process is very rigorous. Kumari is believed to be the bodily incarnation of the goddess Taleju (the Nepali name for Durga) until she menstruates, after which it is believed that the goddess vacates her body. Serious illness or a major loss of blood from an injury are also causes for her to revert to common status. The current Royal Kumari, Matina Shakya, age four, was installed in October 2008 by the Maoist government that replaced the monarchy.

How long is Kumari believed to incarnate Taleju?

context-441_28_3.mp3

context-441_28.mp3

Olivia

Kumari is believed to be the bodily incarnation of the goddess Taleju (the Nepali name for Durga) until she menstruates, after which it is believed that the goddess vacates her body.

Kumari is believed to be the bodily incarnation of the goddess Taleju (the Nepali name for Durga) until she menstruates, after which it is believed that the goddess vacates her body.

question-441_28_1.mp3

Joanna

How long is Kumari believed to incarnate Taleju?

5735bb2adc94161900571f67

Kathmandu

Kumari Ghar is a palace in the center of the Kathmandu city, next to the Durbar square where a Royal Kumari selected from several Kumaris resides. Kumari, or Kumari Devi, is the tradition of worshipping young pre-pubescent girls as manifestations of the divine female energy or devi in South Asian countries. In Nepal the selection process is very rigorous. Kumari is believed to be the bodily incarnation of the goddess Taleju (the Nepali name for Durga) until she menstruates, after which it is believed that the goddess vacates her body. Serious illness or a major loss of blood from an injury are also causes for her to revert to common status. The current Royal Kumari, Matina Shakya, age four, was installed in October 2008 by the Maoist government that replaced the monarchy.

Who was the Royal Kumari as of late 2008?

context-441_28_5.mp3

context-441_28.mp3

Olivia

The current Royal Kumari, Matina Shakya, age four, was installed in October 2008 by the Maoist government that replaced the monarchy.

The current Royal Kumari, Matina Shakya, age four, was installed in October two thousand eight by the Maoist government that replaced the monarchy.

question-441_28_2.mp3

Matthew

Who was the Royal Kumari as of late two thousand eight?

5735bb2adc94161900571f68

Kathmandu

Kumari Ghar is a palace in the center of the Kathmandu city, next to the Durbar square where a Royal Kumari selected from several Kumaris resides. Kumari, or Kumari Devi, is the tradition of worshipping young pre-pubescent girls as manifestations of the divine female energy or devi in South Asian countries. In Nepal the selection process is very rigorous. Kumari is believed to be the bodily incarnation of the goddess Taleju (the Nepali name for Durga) until she menstruates, after which it is believed that the goddess vacates her body. Serious illness or a major loss of blood from an injury are also causes for her to revert to common status. The current Royal Kumari, Matina Shakya, age four, was installed in October 2008 by the Maoist government that replaced the monarchy.

What type of government did Nepal have after the monarchy?

context-441_28_5.mp3

context-441_28.mp3

Olivia

The current Royal Kumari, Matina Shakya, age four, was installed in October 2008 by the Maoist government that replaced the monarchy.

The current Royal Kumari, Matina Shakya, age four, was installed in October two thousand eight by the Maoist government that replaced the monarchy.

question-441_28_3.mp3

Matthew

What type of government did Nepal have after the monarchy?

5735bb89e853931400426af7

Kathmandu

The Pashupatinath Temple is a famous 5th century Hindu temple dedicated to Lord Shiva (Pashupati). Located on the banks of the Bagmati River in the eastern part of Kathmandu, Pashupatinath Temple is the oldest Hindu temple in Kathmandu. It served as the seat of national deity, Lord Pashupatinath, until Nepal was secularized. However, a significant part of the temple was destroyed by Mughal invaders in the 14th century and little or nothing remains of the original 5th-century temple exterior. The temple as it stands today was built in the 19th century, although the image of the bull and the black four-headed image of Pashupati are at least 300 years old. The temple is a UNESCO World Heritage Site. Shivaratri, or the night of Lord Shiva, is the most important festival that takes place here, attracting thousands of devotees and sadhus.[citation needed]

When was the Pashupatinath Temple built?

context-441_29_0.mp3

context-441_29.mp3

Joanna

The Pashupatinath Temple is a famous 5th century Hindu temple dedicated to Lord Shiva (Pashupati).

The Pashupatinath Temple is a famous fifth century Hindu temple dedicated to Lord Shiva (Pashupati).

question-441_29_0.mp3

Salli

When was the Pashupatinath Temple built?

5735bb89e853931400426af8

Kathmandu

The Pashupatinath Temple is a famous 5th century Hindu temple dedicated to Lord Shiva (Pashupati). Located on the banks of the Bagmati River in the eastern part of Kathmandu, Pashupatinath Temple is the oldest Hindu temple in Kathmandu. It served as the seat of national deity, Lord Pashupatinath, until Nepal was secularized. However, a significant part of the temple was destroyed by Mughal invaders in the 14th century and little or nothing remains of the original 5th-century temple exterior. The temple as it stands today was built in the 19th century, although the image of the bull and the black four-headed image of Pashupati are at least 300 years old. The temple is a UNESCO World Heritage Site. Shivaratri, or the night of Lord Shiva, is the most important festival that takes place here, attracting thousands of devotees and sadhus.[citation needed]

What faith does the Pashupatinath Temple serve?

context-441_29_0.mp3

context-441_29.mp3

Joanna

The Pashupatinath Temple is a famous 5th century Hindu temple dedicated to Lord Shiva (Pashupati).

The Pashupatinath Temple is a famous fifth century Hindu temple dedicated to Lord Shiva (Pashupati).

question-441_29_1.mp3

Justin

What faith does the Pashupatinath Temple serve?

5735bb89e853931400426af9

Kathmandu

The Pashupatinath Temple is a famous 5th century Hindu temple dedicated to Lord Shiva (Pashupati). Located on the banks of the Bagmati River in the eastern part of Kathmandu, Pashupatinath Temple is the oldest Hindu temple in Kathmandu. It served as the seat of national deity, Lord Pashupatinath, until Nepal was secularized. However, a significant part of the temple was destroyed by Mughal invaders in the 14th century and little or nothing remains of the original 5th-century temple exterior. The temple as it stands today was built in the 19th century, although the image of the bull and the black four-headed image of Pashupati are at least 300 years old. The temple is a UNESCO World Heritage Site. Shivaratri, or the night of Lord Shiva, is the most important festival that takes place here, attracting thousands of devotees and sadhus.[citation needed]

What is another name for Pashupati?

context-441_29_0.mp3

context-441_29.mp3

Joanna

The Pashupatinath Temple is a famous 5th century Hindu temple dedicated to Lord Shiva (Pashupati).

The Pashupatinath Temple is a famous fifth century Hindu temple dedicated to Lord Shiva (Pashupati).

question-441_29_2.mp3

Kevin

What is another name for Pashupati?

5735bb89e853931400426afa

Kathmandu

The Pashupatinath Temple is a famous 5th century Hindu temple dedicated to Lord Shiva (Pashupati). Located on the banks of the Bagmati River in the eastern part of Kathmandu, Pashupatinath Temple is the oldest Hindu temple in Kathmandu. It served as the seat of national deity, Lord Pashupatinath, until Nepal was secularized. However, a significant part of the temple was destroyed by Mughal invaders in the 14th century and little or nothing remains of the original 5th-century temple exterior. The temple as it stands today was built in the 19th century, although the image of the bull and the black four-headed image of Pashupati are at least 300 years old. The temple is a UNESCO World Heritage Site. Shivaratri, or the night of Lord Shiva, is the most important festival that takes place here, attracting thousands of devotees and sadhus.[citation needed]

Prior to the secularization of Nepal, who was the country's national god?

context-441_29_2.mp3

context-441_29.mp3

Joanna

It served as the seat of national deity, Lord Pashupatinath, until Nepal was secularized.

It served as the seat of national deity, Lord Pashupatinath, until Nepal was secularized.

question-441_29_3.mp3

Amy

Prior to the secularization of Nepal, who was the country's national god?

5735bb89e853931400426afb

Kathmandu

The Pashupatinath Temple is a famous 5th century Hindu temple dedicated to Lord Shiva (Pashupati). Located on the banks of the Bagmati River in the eastern part of Kathmandu, Pashupatinath Temple is the oldest Hindu temple in Kathmandu. It served as the seat of national deity, Lord Pashupatinath, until Nepal was secularized. However, a significant part of the temple was destroyed by Mughal invaders in the 14th century and little or nothing remains of the original 5th-century temple exterior. The temple as it stands today was built in the 19th century, although the image of the bull and the black four-headed image of Pashupati are at least 300 years old. The temple is a UNESCO World Heritage Site. Shivaratri, or the night of Lord Shiva, is the most important festival that takes place here, attracting thousands of devotees and sadhus.[citation needed]

Who damaged the Pashupatinath Temple in the 14th century?

context-441_29_3.mp3

context-441_29.mp3

Joanna

However, a significant part of the temple was destroyed by Mughal invaders in the 14th century and little or nothing remains of the original 5th-century temple exterior.

However, a significant part of the temple was destroyed by Mughal invaders in the fourteenth century and little or nothing remains of the original fifth-century temple exterior.

question-441_29_4.mp3

Olivia

Who damaged the Pashupatinath Temple in the fourteenth century?

5735bca5dc94161900571f77

Kathmandu

Believers in Pashupatinath (mainly Hindus) are allowed to enter the temple premises, but non-Hindu visitors are allowed to view the temple only from the across the Bagmati River. The priests who perform the services at this temple have been Brahmins from Karnataka, South India since the time of Malla king Yaksha Malla. This tradition is believed to have been started at the request of Adi Shankaracharya who sought to unify the states of Bharatam (Unified India) by encouraging cultural exchange. This procedure is followed in other temples around India, which were sanctified by Adi Shankaracharya.

What people make up the majority of Pashupatinath followers?

context-441_30_0.mp3

context-441_30.mp3

Matthew

Believers in Pashupatinath (mainly Hindus) are allowed to enter the temple premises, but non-Hindu visitors are allowed to view the temple only from the across the Bagmati River.

Believers in Pashupatinath (mainly Hindus) are allowed to enter the temple premises, but non-Hindu visitors are allowed to view the temple only from the across the Bagmati River.

question-441_30_0.mp3

Matthew

What people make up the majority of Pashupatinath followers?

5735bca5dc94161900571f78

Kathmandu

Believers in Pashupatinath (mainly Hindus) are allowed to enter the temple premises, but non-Hindu visitors are allowed to view the temple only from the across the Bagmati River. The priests who perform the services at this temple have been Brahmins from Karnataka, South India since the time of Malla king Yaksha Malla. This tradition is believed to have been started at the request of Adi Shankaracharya who sought to unify the states of Bharatam (Unified India) by encouraging cultural exchange. This procedure is followed in other temples around India, which were sanctified by Adi Shankaracharya.

In what part of India do the Pashupatinath priests originate?

context-441_30_1.mp3

context-441_30.mp3

Matthew

The priests who perform the services at this temple have been Brahmins from Karnataka, South India since the time of Malla king Yaksha Malla.

The priests who perform the services at this temple have been Brahmins from Karnataka, South India since the time of Malla king Yaksha Malla.

question-441_30_1.mp3

Salli

In what part of India do the Pashupatinath priests originate?

5735bca5dc94161900571f79

Kathmandu

Believers in Pashupatinath (mainly Hindus) are allowed to enter the temple premises, but non-Hindu visitors are allowed to view the temple only from the across the Bagmati River. The priests who perform the services at this temple have been Brahmins from Karnataka, South India since the time of Malla king Yaksha Malla. This tradition is believed to have been started at the request of Adi Shankaracharya who sought to unify the states of Bharatam (Unified India) by encouraging cultural exchange. This procedure is followed in other temples around India, which were sanctified by Adi Shankaracharya.

What dynasty did Yaksha Malla belong to?

context-441_30_1.mp3

context-441_30.mp3

Matthew

The priests who perform the services at this temple have been Brahmins from Karnataka, South India since the time of Malla king Yaksha Malla.

The priests who perform the services at this temple have been Brahmins from Karnataka, South India since the time of Malla king Yaksha Malla.

question-441_30_2.mp3

Olivia

What dynasty did Yaksha Malla belong to?

5735bca5dc94161900571f7a

Kathmandu

Believers in Pashupatinath (mainly Hindus) are allowed to enter the temple premises, but non-Hindu visitors are allowed to view the temple only from the across the Bagmati River. The priests who perform the services at this temple have been Brahmins from Karnataka, South India since the time of Malla king Yaksha Malla. This tradition is believed to have been started at the request of Adi Shankaracharya who sought to unify the states of Bharatam (Unified India) by encouraging cultural exchange. This procedure is followed in other temples around India, which were sanctified by Adi Shankaracharya.

Who supposedly encouraged the usage of Karnataka Brahmin priests at Pashupatinath Temple?

context-441_30_2.mp3

context-441_30.mp3

Matthew

This tradition is believed to have been started at the request of Adi Shankaracharya who sought to unify the states of Bharatam (Unified India) by encouraging cultural exchange.

This tradition is believed to have been started at the request of Adi Shankaracharya who sought to unify the states of Bharatam (Unified India) by encouraging cultural exchange.

question-441_30_3.mp3

Kendra

Who supposedly encouraged the usage of Karnataka Brahmin priests at Pashupatinath Temple?

5735bca5dc94161900571f7b

Kathmandu

Believers in Pashupatinath (mainly Hindus) are allowed to enter the temple premises, but non-Hindu visitors are allowed to view the temple only from the across the Bagmati River. The priests who perform the services at this temple have been Brahmins from Karnataka, South India since the time of Malla king Yaksha Malla. This tradition is believed to have been started at the request of Adi Shankaracharya who sought to unify the states of Bharatam (Unified India) by encouraging cultural exchange. This procedure is followed in other temples around India, which were sanctified by Adi Shankaracharya.

What is another term for Bharatam?

context-441_30_2.mp3

context-441_30.mp3

Matthew

This tradition is believed to have been started at the request of Adi Shankaracharya who sought to unify the states of Bharatam (Unified India) by encouraging cultural exchange.

This tradition is believed to have been started at the request of Adi Shankaracharya who sought to unify the states of Bharatam (Unified India) by encouraging cultural exchange.

question-441_30_4.mp3

Kimberly

What is another term for Bharatam?

5735bd01dc94161900571f81

Kathmandu

The Boudhanath, (also written Bouddhanath, Bodhnath, Baudhanath or the Khāsa Chaitya), is one of the holiest Buddhist sites in Nepal, along with Swayambhu. It is a very popular tourist site. Boudhanath is known as Khāsti by Newars and as Bauddha or Bodhnāth by speakers of Nepali. Located about 11 km (7 mi) from the center and northeastern outskirts of Kathmandu, the stupa's massive mandala makes it one of the largest spherical stupas in Nepal. Boudhanath became a UNESCO World Heritage Site in 1979.

To what religion is Boudhanath holy?

context-441_31_0.mp3

context-441_31.mp3

Kevin

The Boudhanath, (also written Bouddhanath, Bodhnath, Baudhanath or the Khāsa Chaitya), is one of the holiest Buddhist sites in Nepal, along with Swayambhu.

The Boudhanath, (also written Bouddhanath, Bodhnath, Baudhanath or the Khasa Chaitya), is one of the holiest Buddhist sites in Nepal, along with Swayambhu.

question-441_31_0.mp3

Kendra

To what religion is Boudhanath holy?

5735bd01dc94161900571f82

Kathmandu

The Boudhanath, (also written Bouddhanath, Bodhnath, Baudhanath or the Khāsa Chaitya), is one of the holiest Buddhist sites in Nepal, along with Swayambhu. It is a very popular tourist site. Boudhanath is known as Khāsti by Newars and as Bauddha or Bodhnāth by speakers of Nepali. Located about 11 km (7 mi) from the center and northeastern outskirts of Kathmandu, the stupa's massive mandala makes it one of the largest spherical stupas in Nepal. Boudhanath became a UNESCO World Heritage Site in 1979.

What do the Newars call Boudhanath?

context-441_31_2.mp3

context-441_31.mp3

Kevin

Boudhanath is known as Khāsti by Newars and as Bauddha or Bodhnāth by speakers of Nepali.

Boudhanath is known as Khasti by Newars and as Bauddha or Bodhnath by speakers of Nepali.

question-441_31_1.mp3

Matthew

What do the Newars call Boudhanath?

5735bd01dc94161900571f83

Kathmandu

The Boudhanath, (also written Bouddhanath, Bodhnath, Baudhanath or the Khāsa Chaitya), is one of the holiest Buddhist sites in Nepal, along with Swayambhu. It is a very popular tourist site. Boudhanath is known as Khāsti by Newars and as Bauddha or Bodhnāth by speakers of Nepali. Located about 11 km (7 mi) from the center and northeastern outskirts of Kathmandu, the stupa's massive mandala makes it one of the largest spherical stupas in Nepal. Boudhanath became a UNESCO World Heritage Site in 1979.

What is Boudhanath called in Nepali?

context-441_31_2.mp3

context-441_31.mp3

Kevin

Boudhanath is known as Khāsti by Newars and as Bauddha or Bodhnāth by speakers of Nepali.

Boudhanath is known as Khasti by Newars and as Bauddha or Bodhnath by speakers of Nepali.

question-441_31_2.mp3

Olivia

What is Boudhanath called in Nepali?

5735bd01dc94161900571f84

Kathmandu

The Boudhanath, (also written Bouddhanath, Bodhnath, Baudhanath or the Khāsa Chaitya), is one of the holiest Buddhist sites in Nepal, along with Swayambhu. It is a very popular tourist site. Boudhanath is known as Khāsti by Newars and as Bauddha or Bodhnāth by speakers of Nepali. Located about 11 km (7 mi) from the center and northeastern outskirts of Kathmandu, the stupa's massive mandala makes it one of the largest spherical stupas in Nepal. Boudhanath became a UNESCO World Heritage Site in 1979.

How far is Boudhanath from Kathmandu in miles?

context-441_31_3.mp3

context-441_31.mp3

Kevin

Located about 11 km (7 mi) from the center and northeastern outskirts of Kathmandu, the stupa's massive mandala makes it one of the largest spherical stupas in Nepal.

Located about eleven km (seven mi) from the center and northeastern outskirts of Kathmandu, the stupa's massive mandala makes it one of the largest spherical stupas in Nepal.

question-441_31_3.mp3

Salli

How far is Boudhanath from Kathmandu in miles?

5735bd01dc94161900571f85

Kathmandu

The Boudhanath, (also written Bouddhanath, Bodhnath, Baudhanath or the Khāsa Chaitya), is one of the holiest Buddhist sites in Nepal, along with Swayambhu. It is a very popular tourist site. Boudhanath is known as Khāsti by Newars and as Bauddha or Bodhnāth by speakers of Nepali. Located about 11 km (7 mi) from the center and northeastern outskirts of Kathmandu, the stupa's massive mandala makes it one of the largest spherical stupas in Nepal. Boudhanath became a UNESCO World Heritage Site in 1979.

When did UNESCO make Boudhanath a World Heritage Site?

context-441_31_4.mp3

context-441_31.mp3

Kevin

Boudhanath became a UNESCO World Heritage Site in 1979.

Boudhanath became a UNESCO World Heritage Site in nineteen seventy-nine.

question-441_31_4.mp3

Ivy

When did UNESCO make Boudhanath a World Heritage Site?

5735be65e853931400426b15

Kathmandu

The base of the stupa has 108 small depictions of the Dhyani Buddha Amitabha. It is surrounded with a brick wall with 147 niches, each with four or five prayer wheels engraved with the mantra, om mani padme hum. At the northern entrance where visitors must pass is a shrine dedicated to Ajima, the goddess of smallpox. Every year the stupa attracts many Tibetan Buddhist pilgrims who perform full body prostrations in the inner lower enclosure, walk around the stupa with prayer wheels, chant, and pray. Thousands of prayer flags are hoisted up from the top of the stupa downwards and dot the perimeter of the complex. The influx of many Tibetan refugees from China has seen the construction of over 50 Tibetan gompas (monasteries) around Boudhanath.

Who is pictured on the stupa's base?

context-441_32_0.mp3

context-441_32.mp3

Ivy

The base of the stupa has 108 small depictions of the Dhyani Buddha Amitabha.

The base of the stupa has one hundred eight small depictions of the Dhyani Buddha Amitabha.

question-441_32_0.mp3

Ivy

Who is pictured on the stupa's base?

5735be65e853931400426b16

Kathmandu

The base of the stupa has 108 small depictions of the Dhyani Buddha Amitabha. It is surrounded with a brick wall with 147 niches, each with four or five prayer wheels engraved with the mantra, om mani padme hum. At the northern entrance where visitors must pass is a shrine dedicated to Ajima, the goddess of smallpox. Every year the stupa attracts many Tibetan Buddhist pilgrims who perform full body prostrations in the inner lower enclosure, walk around the stupa with prayer wheels, chant, and pray. Thousands of prayer flags are hoisted up from the top of the stupa downwards and dot the perimeter of the complex. The influx of many Tibetan refugees from China has seen the construction of over 50 Tibetan gompas (monasteries) around Boudhanath.

What is Ajima the deity of?

context-441_32_2.mp3

context-441_32.mp3

Ivy

At the northern entrance where visitors must pass is a shrine dedicated to Ajima, the goddess of smallpox.

At the northern entrance where visitors must pass is a shrine dedicated to Ajima, the goddess of smallpox.

question-441_32_1.mp3

Kevin

What is Ajima the deity of?

5735be65e853931400426b17

Kathmandu

The base of the stupa has 108 small depictions of the Dhyani Buddha Amitabha. It is surrounded with a brick wall with 147 niches, each with four or five prayer wheels engraved with the mantra, om mani padme hum. At the northern entrance where visitors must pass is a shrine dedicated to Ajima, the goddess of smallpox. Every year the stupa attracts many Tibetan Buddhist pilgrims who perform full body prostrations in the inner lower enclosure, walk around the stupa with prayer wheels, chant, and pray. Thousands of prayer flags are hoisted up from the top of the stupa downwards and dot the perimeter of the complex. The influx of many Tibetan refugees from China has seen the construction of over 50 Tibetan gompas (monasteries) around Boudhanath.

What are gompas?

context-441_32_5.mp3

context-441_32.mp3

Ivy

The influx of many Tibetan refugees from China has seen the construction of over 50 Tibetan gompas (monasteries) around Boudhanath.

The influx of many Tibetan refugees from China has seen the construction of over fifty Tibetan gompas (monasteries) around Boudhanath.

question-441_32_2.mp3

Matthew

What are gompas?

5735be65e853931400426b18

Kathmandu

The base of the stupa has 108 small depictions of the Dhyani Buddha Amitabha. It is surrounded with a brick wall with 147 niches, each with four or five prayer wheels engraved with the mantra, om mani padme hum. At the northern entrance where visitors must pass is a shrine dedicated to Ajima, the goddess of smallpox. Every year the stupa attracts many Tibetan Buddhist pilgrims who perform full body prostrations in the inner lower enclosure, walk around the stupa with prayer wheels, chant, and pray. Thousands of prayer flags are hoisted up from the top of the stupa downwards and dot the perimeter of the complex. The influx of many Tibetan refugees from China has seen the construction of over 50 Tibetan gompas (monasteries) around Boudhanath.

Visitors from what faith routinely visit the stupa?

context-441_32_3.mp3

context-441_32.mp3

Ivy

Every year the stupa attracts many Tibetan Buddhist pilgrims who perform full body prostrations in the inner lower enclosure, walk around the stupa with prayer wheels, chant, and pray.

Every year the stupa attracts many Tibetan Buddhist pilgrims who perform full body prostrations in the inner lower enclosure, walk around the stupa with prayer wheels, chant, and pray.

question-441_32_3.mp3

Ivy

Visitors from what faith routinely visit the stupa?

5735be65e853931400426b19

Kathmandu

The base of the stupa has 108 small depictions of the Dhyani Buddha Amitabha. It is surrounded with a brick wall with 147 niches, each with four or five prayer wheels engraved with the mantra, om mani padme hum. At the northern entrance where visitors must pass is a shrine dedicated to Ajima, the goddess of smallpox. Every year the stupa attracts many Tibetan Buddhist pilgrims who perform full body prostrations in the inner lower enclosure, walk around the stupa with prayer wheels, chant, and pray. Thousands of prayer flags are hoisted up from the top of the stupa downwards and dot the perimeter of the complex. The influx of many Tibetan refugees from China has seen the construction of over 50 Tibetan gompas (monasteries) around Boudhanath.

What mantra is engraved on the stupa's prayer wheels?

context-441_32_1.mp3

context-441_32.mp3

Ivy

It is surrounded with a brick wall with 147 niches, each with four or five prayer wheels engraved with the mantra, om mani padme hum.

It is surrounded with a brick wall with one hundred forty-seven niches, each with four or five prayer wheels engraved with the mantra, om mani padme hum.

question-441_32_4.mp3

Salli

What mantra is engraved on the stupa's prayer wheels?

5735bed6dc94161900571f8b

Kathmandu

Swayambhu is a Buddhist stupa atop a hillock at the northwestern part of the city. This is among the oldest religious sites in Nepal. Although the site is considered Buddhist, it is revered by both Buddhists and Hindus. The stupa consists of a dome at the base; above the dome, there is a cubic structure with the eyes of Buddha looking in all four directions.[clarification needed] There are pentagonal Toran above each of the four sides, with statues engraved on them. Behind and above the torana there are thirteen tiers. Above all the tiers, there is a small space above which lies a gajur.

In what part of Kathmandu is Swayambhu located?

context-441_33_0.mp3

context-441_33.mp3

Matthew

Swayambhu is a Buddhist stupa atop a hillock at the northwestern part of the city.

Swayambhu is a Buddhist stupa atop a hillock at the northwestern part of the city.

question-441_33_0.mp3

Matthew

In what part of Kathmandu is Swayambhu located?

5735bed6dc94161900571f8c

Kathmandu

Swayambhu is a Buddhist stupa atop a hillock at the northwestern part of the city. This is among the oldest religious sites in Nepal. Although the site is considered Buddhist, it is revered by both Buddhists and Hindus. The stupa consists of a dome at the base; above the dome, there is a cubic structure with the eyes of Buddha looking in all four directions.[clarification needed] There are pentagonal Toran above each of the four sides, with statues engraved on them. Behind and above the torana there are thirteen tiers. Above all the tiers, there is a small space above which lies a gajur.

What faith does Swayambhu belong to?

context-441_33_0.mp3

context-441_33.mp3

Matthew

Swayambhu is a Buddhist stupa atop a hillock at the northwestern part of the city.

Swayambhu is a Buddhist stupa atop a hillock at the northwestern part of the city.

question-441_33_1.mp3

Justin

What faith does Swayambhu belong to?

5735bed6dc94161900571f8d

Kathmandu

Swayambhu is a Buddhist stupa atop a hillock at the northwestern part of the city. This is among the oldest religious sites in Nepal. Although the site is considered Buddhist, it is revered by both Buddhists and Hindus. The stupa consists of a dome at the base; above the dome, there is a cubic structure with the eyes of Buddha looking in all four directions.[clarification needed] There are pentagonal Toran above each of the four sides, with statues engraved on them. Behind and above the torana there are thirteen tiers. Above all the tiers, there is a small space above which lies a gajur.

Other than Buddhists, who worships at Swayambhu?

context-441_33_2.mp3

context-441_33.mp3

Matthew

Although the site is considered Buddhist, it is revered by both Buddhists and Hindus.

Although the site is considered Buddhist, it is revered by both Buddhists and Hindus.

question-441_33_2.mp3

Ivy

Other than Buddhists, who worships at Swayambhu?

5735bed6dc94161900571f8e

Kathmandu

Swayambhu is a Buddhist stupa atop a hillock at the northwestern part of the city. This is among the oldest religious sites in Nepal. Although the site is considered Buddhist, it is revered by both Buddhists and Hindus. The stupa consists of a dome at the base; above the dome, there is a cubic structure with the eyes of Buddha looking in all four directions.[clarification needed] There are pentagonal Toran above each of the four sides, with statues engraved on them. Behind and above the torana there are thirteen tiers. Above all the tiers, there is a small space above which lies a gajur.

In how many directions does the Buddha of Swayambhu look?

context-441_33_3.mp3

context-441_33.mp3

Matthew

The stupa consists of a dome at the base; above the dome, there is a cubic structure with the eyes of Buddha looking in all four directions.[clarification needed] There are pentagonal Toran above each of the four sides, with statues engraved on them.

The stupa consists of a dome at the base; above the dome, there is a cubic structure with the eyes of Buddha looking in all four directions.[clarification needed] There are pentagonal Toran above each of the four sides, with statues engraved on them.

question-441_33_3.mp3

Brian

In how many directions does the Buddha of Swayambhu look?

5735bed6dc94161900571f8f

Kathmandu

Swayambhu is a Buddhist stupa atop a hillock at the northwestern part of the city. This is among the oldest religious sites in Nepal. Although the site is considered Buddhist, it is revered by both Buddhists and Hindus. The stupa consists of a dome at the base; above the dome, there is a cubic structure with the eyes of Buddha looking in all four directions.[clarification needed] There are pentagonal Toran above each of the four sides, with statues engraved on them. Behind and above the torana there are thirteen tiers. Above all the tiers, there is a small space above which lies a gajur.

In Swayambhu, what is present in the small area above the tiers?

context-441_33_5.mp3

context-441_33.mp3

Matthew

Above all the tiers, there is a small space above which lies a gajur.

Above all the tiers, there is a small space above which lies a gajur.

question-441_33_4.mp3

Emma

In Swayambhu, what is present in the small area above the tiers?

5735bf26e853931400426b28

Kathmandu

Kathmandu valley is described as "an enormous treasure house of art and sculptures", which are made of wood, stone, metal, and terracotta, and found in profusion in temples, shrines, stupas, gompas, chaityasm and palaces. The art objects are also seen in street corners, lanes, private courtyards and in open ground. Most art is in the form of icons of gods and goddesses. Kathmandu valley has had this art treasure for a very long time, but received worldwide recognition only after the country opened to the outside world in 1950.

Kathmandu valley contains art made of metal, terracotta, wood and what other substance?

context-441_34_0.mp3

context-441_34.mp3

Justin

Kathmandu valley is described as "an enormous treasure house of art and sculptures", which are made of wood, stone, metal, and terracotta, and found in profusion in temples, shrines, stupas, gompas, chaityasm and palaces.

Kathmandu valley is described as "an enormous treasure house of art and sculptures", which are made of wood, stone, metal, and terracotta, and found in profusion in temples, shrines, stupas, gompas, chaityasm and palaces.

question-441_34_0.mp3

Amy

Kathmandu valley contains art made of metal, terracotta, wood and what other substance?

5735bf26e853931400426b29

Kathmandu

Kathmandu valley is described as "an enormous treasure house of art and sculptures", which are made of wood, stone, metal, and terracotta, and found in profusion in temples, shrines, stupas, gompas, chaityasm and palaces. The art objects are also seen in street corners, lanes, private courtyards and in open ground. Most art is in the form of icons of gods and goddesses. Kathmandu valley has had this art treasure for a very long time, but received worldwide recognition only after the country opened to the outside world in 1950.

What is the most typical type of art in the Kathmandu valley?

context-441_34_2.mp3

context-441_34.mp3

Justin

Most art is in the form of icons of gods and goddesses.

Most art is in the form of icons of gods and goddesses.

question-441_34_1.mp3

Joey

What is the most typical type of art in the Kathmandu valley?

5735bf26e853931400426b2a

Kathmandu

Kathmandu valley is described as "an enormous treasure house of art and sculptures", which are made of wood, stone, metal, and terracotta, and found in profusion in temples, shrines, stupas, gompas, chaityasm and palaces. The art objects are also seen in street corners, lanes, private courtyards and in open ground. Most art is in the form of icons of gods and goddesses. Kathmandu valley has had this art treasure for a very long time, but received worldwide recognition only after the country opened to the outside world in 1950.

In what year could Nepal be said to have been discovered by the outside world?

context-441_34_3.mp3

context-441_34.mp3

Justin

Kathmandu valley has had this art treasure for a very long time, but received worldwide recognition only after the country opened to the outside world in 1950.

Kathmandu valley has had this art treasure for a very long time, but received worldwide recognition only after the country opened to the outside world in nineteen fifty.

question-441_34_2.mp3

Justin

In what year could Nepal be said to have been discovered by the outside world?

5735bf8cdc94161900571f95

Kathmandu

The religious art of Nepal and Kathmandu in particular consists of an iconic symbolism of the Mother Goddesses such as: Bhavani, Durga, Gaja-Lakshmi, Hariti-Sitala, Mahsishamardini, Saptamatrika (seven mother goddesses), and Sri-Lakshmi(wealth-goddess). From the 3rd century BC, apart from the Hindu gods and goddesses, Buddhist monuments from the Ashokan period (it is said that Ashoka visited Nepal in 250 BC) have embellished Nepal in general and the valley in particular. These art and architectural edifices encompass three major periods of evolution: the Licchavi or classical period (500 to 900 AD), the post-classical period (1000 to 1400 AD), with strong influence of the Palla art form; the Malla period (1400 onwards) that exhibited explicitly tantric influences coupled with the art of Tibetan Demonology.

What types of deities are Bhavani and Durga?

context-441_35_0.mp3

context-441_35.mp3

Ivy

The religious art of Nepal and Kathmandu in particular consists of an iconic symbolism of the Mother Goddesses such as: Bhavani, Durga, Gaja-Lakshmi, Hariti-Sitala, Mahsishamardini, Saptamatrika (seven mother goddesses), and Sri-Lakshmi(wealth-goddess).

The religious art of Nepal and Kathmandu in particular consists of an iconic symbolism of the Mother Goddesses such as: Bhavani, Durga, Gaja-Lakshmi, Hariti-Sitala, Mahsishamardini, Saptamatrika (seven mother goddesses), and Sri-Lakshmi(wealth-goddess).

question-441_35_0.mp3

Brian

What types of deities are Bhavani and Durga?

5735bf8cdc94161900571f96

Kathmandu

The religious art of Nepal and Kathmandu in particular consists of an iconic symbolism of the Mother Goddesses such as: Bhavani, Durga, Gaja-Lakshmi, Hariti-Sitala, Mahsishamardini, Saptamatrika (seven mother goddesses), and Sri-Lakshmi(wealth-goddess). From the 3rd century BC, apart from the Hindu gods and goddesses, Buddhist monuments from the Ashokan period (it is said that Ashoka visited Nepal in 250 BC) have embellished Nepal in general and the valley in particular. These art and architectural edifices encompass three major periods of evolution: the Licchavi or classical period (500 to 900 AD), the post-classical period (1000 to 1400 AD), with strong influence of the Palla art form; the Malla period (1400 onwards) that exhibited explicitly tantric influences coupled with the art of Tibetan Demonology.

What is Sri-Lakshmi a deity of?

5735bf8cdc94161900571f97

Kathmandu

The religious art of Nepal and Kathmandu in particular consists of an iconic symbolism of the Mother Goddesses such as: Bhavani, Durga, Gaja-Lakshmi, Hariti-Sitala, Mahsishamardini, Saptamatrika (seven mother goddesses), and Sri-Lakshmi(wealth-goddess). From the 3rd century BC, apart from the Hindu gods and goddesses, Buddhist monuments from the Ashokan period (it is said that Ashoka visited Nepal in 250 BC) have embellished Nepal in general and the valley in particular. These art and architectural edifices encompass three major periods of evolution: the Licchavi or classical period (500 to 900 AD), the post-classical period (1000 to 1400 AD), with strong influence of the Palla art form; the Malla period (1400 onwards) that exhibited explicitly tantric influences coupled with the art of Tibetan Demonology.

By tradition, what notable figure came to Nepal 250 years before the birth of Christ?

context-441_35_1.mp3

context-441_35.mp3

Ivy

From the 3rd century BC, apart from the Hindu gods and goddesses, Buddhist monuments from the Ashokan period (it is said that Ashoka visited Nepal in 250 BC) have embellished Nepal in general and the valley in particular.

From the third century BC, apart from the Hindu gods and goddesses, Buddhist monuments from the Ashokan period (it is said that Ashoka visited Nepal in two hundred fifty BC) have embellished Nepal in general and the valley in particular.

question-441_35_2.mp3

Brian

By tradition, what notable figure came to Nepal two hundred fifty years before the birth of Christ?

5735bf8cdc94161900571f98

Kathmandu

The religious art of Nepal and Kathmandu in particular consists of an iconic symbolism of the Mother Goddesses such as: Bhavani, Durga, Gaja-Lakshmi, Hariti-Sitala, Mahsishamardini, Saptamatrika (seven mother goddesses), and Sri-Lakshmi(wealth-goddess). From the 3rd century BC, apart from the Hindu gods and goddesses, Buddhist monuments from the Ashokan period (it is said that Ashoka visited Nepal in 250 BC) have embellished Nepal in general and the valley in particular. These art and architectural edifices encompass three major periods of evolution: the Licchavi or classical period (500 to 900 AD), the post-classical period (1000 to 1400 AD), with strong influence of the Palla art form; the Malla period (1400 onwards) that exhibited explicitly tantric influences coupled with the art of Tibetan Demonology.

When did the Licchavi period end?

context-441_35_2.mp3

context-441_35.mp3

Ivy

These art and architectural edifices encompass three major periods of evolution: the Licchavi or classical period (500 to 900 AD), the post-classical period (1000 to 1400 AD), with strong influence of the Palla art form; the Malla period (1400 onwards) that exhibited explicitly tantric influences coupled with the art of Tibetan Demonology.

These art and architectural edifices encompass three major periods of evolution: the Licchavi or classical period (five hundred to nine hundred AD), the post-classical period (one thousand to fourteen hundred AD), with strong influence of the Palla art form; the Malla period (fourteen hundred onwards) that exhibited explicitly tantric influences coupled with the art of Tibetan Demonology.

question-441_35_3.mp3

Salli

When did the Licchavi period end?

5735bf8cdc94161900571f99

Kathmandu

The religious art of Nepal and Kathmandu in particular consists of an iconic symbolism of the Mother Goddesses such as: Bhavani, Durga, Gaja-Lakshmi, Hariti-Sitala, Mahsishamardini, Saptamatrika (seven mother goddesses), and Sri-Lakshmi(wealth-goddess). From the 3rd century BC, apart from the Hindu gods and goddesses, Buddhist monuments from the Ashokan period (it is said that Ashoka visited Nepal in 250 BC) have embellished Nepal in general and the valley in particular. These art and architectural edifices encompass three major periods of evolution: the Licchavi or classical period (500 to 900 AD), the post-classical period (1000 to 1400 AD), with strong influence of the Palla art form; the Malla period (1400 onwards) that exhibited explicitly tantric influences coupled with the art of Tibetan Demonology.

What is another name for the Licchavi period?

context-441_35_2.mp3

context-441_35.mp3

Ivy

These art and architectural edifices encompass three major periods of evolution: the Licchavi or classical period (500 to 900 AD), the post-classical period (1000 to 1400 AD), with strong influence of the Palla art form; the Malla period (1400 onwards) that exhibited explicitly tantric influences coupled with the art of Tibetan Demonology.

These art and architectural edifices encompass three major periods of evolution: the Licchavi or classical period (five hundred to nine hundred AD), the post-classical period (one thousand to fourteen hundred AD), with strong influence of the Palla art form; the Malla period (fourteen hundred onwards) that exhibited explicitly tantric influences coupled with the art of Tibetan Demonology.

question-441_35_4.mp3

Kevin

What is another name for the Licchavi period?

5735c028e853931400426b35

Kathmandu

Kathmandu is home to a number of museums and art galleries, including the National Museum of Nepal and the Natural History Museum of Nepal. Nepal's art and architecture is an amalgamation of two ancient religions, Hinduism and Buddhhism. These are amply reflected in the many temples, shrines, stupas, monasteries, and palaces in the seven well-defined Monument Zones of the Kathmandu valley are part of a UNESCO World Heritage Site. This amalgamation is also reflected in the planning and exhibitions in museums and art galleries throughout Kathmandu and its sister cities of Patan and Bhaktapur. The museums display unique artifacts and paintings from the 5th century CE to the present day, including archeological exportation.

Along with the National Museum of Nepal, what notable Nepalese museum is present in Kathmandu?

context-441_36_0.mp3

context-441_36.mp3

Brian

Kathmandu is home to a number of museums and art galleries, including the National Museum of Nepal and the Natural History Museum of Nepal.

Kathmandu is home to a number of museums and art galleries, including the National Museum of Nepal and the Natural History Museum of Nepal.

question-441_36_0.mp3

Joanna

Along with the National Museum of Nepal, what notable Nepalese museum is present in Kathmandu?

5735c028e853931400426b36

Kathmandu

Kathmandu is home to a number of museums and art galleries, including the National Museum of Nepal and the Natural History Museum of Nepal. Nepal's art and architecture is an amalgamation of two ancient religions, Hinduism and Buddhhism. These are amply reflected in the many temples, shrines, stupas, monasteries, and palaces in the seven well-defined Monument Zones of the Kathmandu valley are part of a UNESCO World Heritage Site. This amalgamation is also reflected in the planning and exhibitions in museums and art galleries throughout Kathmandu and its sister cities of Patan and Bhaktapur. The museums display unique artifacts and paintings from the 5th century CE to the present day, including archeological exportation.

From what time period are the oldest artifacts in Kathmandu museums?

context-441_36_4.mp3

context-441_36.mp3

Brian

The museums display unique artifacts and paintings from the 5th century CE to the present day, including archeological exportation.

The museums display unique artifacts and paintings from the fifth century CE to the present day, including archeological exportation.

question-441_36_1.mp3

Brian

From what time period are the oldest artifacts in Kathmandu museums?

5735c028e853931400426b37

Kathmandu

Kathmandu is home to a number of museums and art galleries, including the National Museum of Nepal and the Natural History Museum of Nepal. Nepal's art and architecture is an amalgamation of two ancient religions, Hinduism and Buddhhism. These are amply reflected in the many temples, shrines, stupas, monasteries, and palaces in the seven well-defined Monument Zones of the Kathmandu valley are part of a UNESCO World Heritage Site. This amalgamation is also reflected in the planning and exhibitions in museums and art galleries throughout Kathmandu and its sister cities of Patan and Bhaktapur. The museums display unique artifacts and paintings from the 5th century CE to the present day, including archeological exportation.

Along with Buddhism, what religion has had a significant influence on Nepal?

context-441_36_1.mp3

context-441_36.mp3

Brian

Nepal's art and architecture is an amalgamation of two ancient religions, Hinduism and Buddhhism.

Nepal's art and architecture is an amalgamation of two ancient religions, Hinduism and Buddhhism.

question-441_36_2.mp3

Joey

Along with Buddhism, what religion has had a significant influence on Nepal?

5735c028e853931400426b38

Kathmandu

Kathmandu is home to a number of museums and art galleries, including the National Museum of Nepal and the Natural History Museum of Nepal. Nepal's art and architecture is an amalgamation of two ancient religions, Hinduism and Buddhhism. These are amply reflected in the many temples, shrines, stupas, monasteries, and palaces in the seven well-defined Monument Zones of the Kathmandu valley are part of a UNESCO World Heritage Site. This amalgamation is also reflected in the planning and exhibitions in museums and art galleries throughout Kathmandu and its sister cities of Patan and Bhaktapur. The museums display unique artifacts and paintings from the 5th century CE to the present day, including archeological exportation.

What Kathmandu valley area was named a World Heritage Site by UNESCO?

context-441_36_2.mp3

context-441_36.mp3

Brian

These are amply reflected in the many temples, shrines, stupas, monasteries, and palaces in the seven well-defined Monument Zones of the Kathmandu valley are part of a UNESCO World Heritage Site.

These are amply reflected in the many temples, shrines, stupas, monasteries, and palaces in the seven well-defined Monument Zones of the Kathmandu valley are part of a UNESCO World Heritage Site.

question-441_36_3.mp3

Kendra

What Kathmandu valley area was named a World Heritage Site by UNESCO?

5735c028e853931400426b39

Kathmandu

Kathmandu is home to a number of museums and art galleries, including the National Museum of Nepal and the Natural History Museum of Nepal. Nepal's art and architecture is an amalgamation of two ancient religions, Hinduism and Buddhhism. These are amply reflected in the many temples, shrines, stupas, monasteries, and palaces in the seven well-defined Monument Zones of the Kathmandu valley are part of a UNESCO World Heritage Site. This amalgamation is also reflected in the planning and exhibitions in museums and art galleries throughout Kathmandu and its sister cities of Patan and Bhaktapur. The museums display unique artifacts and paintings from the 5th century CE to the present day, including archeological exportation.

How many Monument Zones are present in the Kathmandu valley?

context-441_36_2.mp3

context-441_36.mp3

Brian

These are amply reflected in the many temples, shrines, stupas, monasteries, and palaces in the seven well-defined Monument Zones of the Kathmandu valley are part of a UNESCO World Heritage Site.

These are amply reflected in the many temples, shrines, stupas, monasteries, and palaces in the seven well-defined Monument Zones of the Kathmandu valley are part of a UNESCO World Heritage Site.

question-441_36_4.mp3

Ivy

How many Monument Zones are present in the Kathmandu valley?

5735c081e853931400426b3f

Kathmandu

The National Museum is located in the western part of Kathmandu, near the Swayambhunath stupa in an historical building. This building was constructed in the early 19th century by General Bhimsen Thapa. It is the most important museum in the country, housing an extensive collection of weapons, art and antiquities of historic and cultural importance. The museum was established in 1928 as a collection house of war trophies and weapons, and the initial name of this museum was Chhauni Silkhana, meaning "the stone house of arms and ammunition". Given its focus, the museum contains many weapons, including locally made firearms used in wars, leather cannons from the 18th–19th century, and medieval and modern works in wood, bronze, stone and paintings.

In what area of Kathmandu is the National Museum?

context-441_37_0.mp3

context-441_37.mp3

Amy

The National Museum is located in the western part of Kathmandu, near the Swayambhunath stupa in an historical building.

The National Museum is located in the western part of Kathmandu, near the Swayambhunath stupa in an historical building.

question-441_37_0.mp3

Amy

In what area of Kathmandu is the National Museum?

5735c081e853931400426b40

Kathmandu

The National Museum is located in the western part of Kathmandu, near the Swayambhunath stupa in an historical building. This building was constructed in the early 19th century by General Bhimsen Thapa. It is the most important museum in the country, housing an extensive collection of weapons, art and antiquities of historic and cultural importance. The museum was established in 1928 as a collection house of war trophies and weapons, and the initial name of this museum was Chhauni Silkhana, meaning "the stone house of arms and ammunition". Given its focus, the museum contains many weapons, including locally made firearms used in wars, leather cannons from the 18th–19th century, and medieval and modern works in wood, bronze, stone and paintings.

What stupa is close to the National Museum?

context-441_37_0.mp3

context-441_37.mp3

Amy

The National Museum is located in the western part of Kathmandu, near the Swayambhunath stupa in an historical building.

The National Museum is located in the western part of Kathmandu, near the Swayambhunath stupa in an historical building.

question-441_37_1.mp3

Justin

What stupa is close to the National Museum?

5735c081e853931400426b41

Kathmandu

The National Museum is located in the western part of Kathmandu, near the Swayambhunath stupa in an historical building. This building was constructed in the early 19th century by General Bhimsen Thapa. It is the most important museum in the country, housing an extensive collection of weapons, art and antiquities of historic and cultural importance. The museum was established in 1928 as a collection house of war trophies and weapons, and the initial name of this museum was Chhauni Silkhana, meaning "the stone house of arms and ammunition". Given its focus, the museum contains many weapons, including locally made firearms used in wars, leather cannons from the 18th–19th century, and medieval and modern works in wood, bronze, stone and paintings.

Who built the building that contains the National Museum?

context-441_37_1.mp3

context-441_37.mp3

Amy

This building was constructed in the early 19th century by General Bhimsen Thapa.

This building was constructed in the early nineteenth century by General Bhimsen Thapa.

question-441_37_2.mp3

Brian

Who built the building that contains the National Museum?

5735c081e853931400426b42

Kathmandu

The National Museum is located in the western part of Kathmandu, near the Swayambhunath stupa in an historical building. This building was constructed in the early 19th century by General Bhimsen Thapa. It is the most important museum in the country, housing an extensive collection of weapons, art and antiquities of historic and cultural importance. The museum was established in 1928 as a collection house of war trophies and weapons, and the initial name of this museum was Chhauni Silkhana, meaning "the stone house of arms and ammunition". Given its focus, the museum contains many weapons, including locally made firearms used in wars, leather cannons from the 18th–19th century, and medieval and modern works in wood, bronze, stone and paintings.

When was the National Museum founded?

context-441_37_3.mp3

context-441_37.mp3

Amy

The museum was established in 1928 as a collection house of war trophies and weapons, and the initial name of this museum was Chhauni Silkhana, meaning "the stone house of arms and ammunition".

The museum was established in nineteen twenty-eight as a collection house of war trophies and weapons, and the initial name of this museum was Chhauni Silkhana, meaning "the stone house of arms and ammunition".

question-441_37_3.mp3

Matthew

When was the National Museum founded?