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Do you have something to share with other educators — whether an interesting classroom story, educational commentary, or teaching tips? We'd love to feature you! Read the guidelines below to submit your story. A place where educators can be heard. Our readership consists of educators who are passionate about teaching and learning. Teacher Voice is a place to hear classroom stories, share teaching tips, learn about educational tools, and access professional development resources. You can submit a classroom story, editorial commentary on any K12 theme, or an educational how-to for other educators who wish to learn more about teaching tips and tools. Start by asking yourself, "What would other educators like to read?" The Teacher Voice blog is read by teachers and administrators so please keep your entire audience in mind! Please include the words "Teacher Voice Submission" in the headline of your email. Submissions can be anywhere from 300-750 words in length, and should include a title, brief summary, and any accompanying images. If we find your submission to be a good fit for Teacher Voice, we will contact you soon to discuss next steps. Can't find what you're looking for? We're always happy to help. Contact us at the following email address, or if you need help sooner, our live chat support is available during business hours.

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UPDATE: Rutgers Fires Basketball Coach After Vid of Him Shoving, Hurling Gay Slurs at Players Emerges "Governor Christie saw the video today for the first time and he is obviously deeply disturbed by the conduct displayed..." Erica Ritz (Photo via CBS) (TheBlaze/AP) -- Rutgers officials had already seen the video showing coach Mike Rice shoving, grabbing and throwing basketballs at players during practice and yelling gay slurs at them before it was aired by ESPN on Tuesday. The school punished Rice in December, suspending him for three games and fining him $50,000. But now that the video has gone viral, many - including the governor of New Jersey - asked why Rutgers let Rice keep his job at all. After scores of outraged social media comments and sharp criticism from elected officials (even Miami Heat star LeBron James weighed in), Rutgers fired basketball coach Mike Rice Wednesday morning. Pernetti was first given a copy of the video in late November by a former employee, according to reports. In addition to the suspension and fine, Pernetti ordered Rice to attend anger management classes. But ESPN's recent broadcast prompted a nationwide outcry. "Governor Christie saw the video today for the first time and he is obviously deeply disturbed by the conduct displayed and strongly condemns this behavior," spokesman Michael Drewniak said. "It's not the type of leadership we should be showing our young people and clearly there are questions about this behavior that need to be answered by the leaders at Rutgers University." LeBron James weighed in with a tweet: "If my son played for Rutgers or a coach like that he would have some real explaining to do and I'm still gone whoop on him afterwards! C'mon." The video shows numerous clips of Rice at practice firing basketballs at players, hitting them in the back, legs, feet and shoulders. Rice was also shown pushing players in the chest and grabbing them by their jerseys and yanking them around the court. Rice could be heard screaming obscenities and gay slurs at players. Assembly Speaker Sheila Oliver (D-Essex/Passaic) called Rice's conduct "unacceptable not only at our state university, but in all circumstances. It is offensive and unbecoming of our state." Rice, who was hired by Pernetti three years ago, is 44-51 at Rutgers, including 16-38 in the Big East, after going 73-31 in three seasons at Robert Morris. The Scarlet Knights went 15-16 this season and 5-13 in the Big East. With mounting criticism on a state and national level, the school has relieved Rice of his duties after three largely unsuccessful seasons at the Big East school. There will be a national search to replace him. Rutgers head coach Mike Rice reacts to a call during the first half of an NCAA college basketball game against Seton Hall Tuesday, Feb. 12, 2013, in Piscataway, N.J. (Photo: AP) Pernetti said he understands why many are asking why Rice wasn't fired after the initial investigation. He said it was in part because the coach was remorseful and admitted he made mistakes. Rice said he worked hard to improve himself with the counseling. But that wasn't enough in the wake of the video made by Eric Murdock, the former NBA player who was hired by Rice to be director of player development. The two had a falling out over Murdock's appearances at a camp, and Pernetti said Murdock's contract was not renewed. Murdock, who said he was fired, then compiled the video, splicing together the practice lowlights of Rice's first three years as coach. Pernetti said about 60 percent of the incidents happened in Rice's first season. He also was upset with Rice using a certain gay slur at a university where student Tyler Clementi committed suicide after a roommate used a webcam to spy on him with another man. "I would tell you that that word was at the core of the suspension," Pernetti said. "It absolutely concerns me. It's not acceptable." Celebrations fast turn into injuries as Eagles fans come crashing down

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Super Eagles of Nigeria gaffer, Gernot Rohr has stated that his wards aren't ready to fly past Croatia in their 2018 World Cup group D opener. Nigeria suffered a 1-0 defeat to the Czech Republic on Wednesday in their final warm-up match before the World Cup in Russia. Chelsea defender Tomas Kalas scored the only goal of the game in the first half. Nigeria also lost 2-1 to England at Wembley last weekend, while the Czechs – who failed to qualify for the World Cup – lost 4-0 to Australia in their previous friendly outing. Nigeria will face Argentina, Croatia and Iceland in Group D in Russia. Their opening game is against Croatia in Kaliningrad on 16 June. Despite the defeat, there was some encouraging news for Nigeria as Leicester midfielder Wilfred Ndidi – who had been out since April with a hamstring injury – started the game.

The Centers for Medicare & Medicaid Services (CMS) has postponed the deadline for the attestation to Meaningful Use by eligible professionals (EPs) participating in the Medicare EHR Incentive Program. The old deadline of Feb. 28 has been postponed to Monday, March 13, 2017, at 11:59 p.m. PT. If you participate in the Electronic Health Records (EHR) Incentive Program, you must attest to the 2016 program requirements by March 13, 2017, to avoid a 2018 payment adjustment. If you are participating in the Medicaid EHR Incentive Program, please refer to your state's deadlines for attestation information. Medicare's EHR Incentive Program, or Meaningful Use, is expected to be phased out for physicians this year, but physicians must still report on the Meaningful Use measures for 2016 to avoid a 3 percent penalty in 2018. CMS expects about 171,000 physicians to be penalized this year for failure to attest to Meaningful Use for 2015. CMS did not explain why it was pushing back the deadline for 2016 attestation. However, the agency did not specify until November that the reporting period for Meaningful Use was 90 days in 2016, rather than the original full calendar year. No hardship exceptions were granted for 2016 because of the tardy announcement of the reporting period, so it may be possible CMS wants to give EPs every opportunity to attest before the window closes. If you are eligible to participate in both the Medicare and Medicaid EHR Incentive Programs, you MUST demonstrate meaningful use to avoid the Medicare payment adjustment. You may demonstrate meaningful use under either Medicare or Medicaid. If you are eligible to participate in both the Medicare and Medicaid EHR Incentive Programs, you MUST demonstrate Meaningful Use to avoid the Medicare payment adjustment. You may demonstrate Meaningful Use under either Medicare or Medicaid.

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New version 1.0.5[www.stuff-o-matic.com] has been published and brings the high score table[www.stuff-o-matic.com], visible online and in the game. Also, Andy and Brian can now speak Spanish or Portuguese! This version is now available for all Linux distributions and fixes some graphic problems that occurred on Windows. Check the demo[www.stuff-o-matic.com] and tell us what you think! A new version of the game has been released today, namely 1.0.3. It brings a translation system, with the French translations. Moreover, a Linux version is now available for Ubuntu 12.04 Precise Pangolin. Are you frustrated by roller coasters? Are you so bored that you prefer to play chess during the ride? Well, don't worry anymore, you're going to smile again. Whether you are too short to enter the ride, too old to have fun again or too fragile to come out clean, Andy has something for you. Join us in Andy's Super Great Park: the roller coasters from hell that we travel at full speed in a barrage of explosions. Everyone is welcome, sensations guaranteed! 5 level themes combined with 5 sets of obstacles for a great variety of situations.

Business Financial News Tourism €11 Million funding for Outdoor Projects: Infrastructure Scheme By admin June 30, 2019 87 Major investment announced recently with greenways, blueways and walking trails all getting a significant boost. Seventy eight projects have been granted funding under the Measure 2 of the 2018 Outdoor Recreation Infrastructure Scheme. The Scheme is part of the Government's Action Plan for Rural Development and provides funding for the development of new outdoor recreational infrastructure. It also supports the maintenance, enhancement and promotion of existing outdoor recreational infrastructure in Ireland. The grants being announced today, through this joint initiative, will support a mix of medium scale new developments, and the repair and upgrade of many existing recreational trails in rural areas. The successful projects will receive grants of up to €200,000 each. Examples of the projects which have been approved include: The Great Arch Trail from Polletto Fanad Head in Donegal The development of an Outdoor Activity Hub in Graiguenamanagh, Co. Kilkenny The development of a pedestrian walkway from Cashel to the Rock of Cashel and HoreAbbey in Co. Tipperary The development of a walkway/cycleway at Mallow Castle grounds in Co. Cork The development of the Boyne Greenway in Drogheda, Co. Louth. Making the announcement today, Minister Ring said: Recreational tourism has been seen as an elixir to many ravaged rural areas, particularly in the west and have been supported and funded by local councils. Visiting numbers from here and abroad continue to rise as they seek out the the many greenways, blueways and walking trails which have been developed around the country in recent years. This in turn has generated income for rural areas and help to create more jobs in the hospitality and leisure sectors. Figures available from Fáilte Ireland reveal that in 2017, 26% of all overseas tourists engaged in some level of hiking or cross-country walking. This equates to 2.3 million tourists, spending an estimated €1.3 bn during their stay in Ireland. A further 451,000 overseas tourists took part in cycling activities. Fanad Lighthouse – The Great Arch Trail Fanad received almost €140,000 in funding Local communities are also using these trails in large numbers. A survey of users on the Waterford Greenway, Ireland's longest off-road cycling and walking trail, shows that almost two thirds of users are local people. Ms Orla Carroll, Director of Strategic Development with Fáilte Ireland, said: "Fáilte Ireland welcomes the announcement of funding for the successful projects under the Outdoor Recreation Infrastructure Scheme. As the National Tourism Development Authority, it is one of our strategic objectives to ensure that the economic benefits of tourism are spread regionally across the country. We will continue to work positively in partnership with the Department of Rural and Community Development to deliver quality visitor experiences and to enhance and further develop our recreational tourism offering and the additional social benefits they bring to local communities." Over €40 million has now been allocated to almost 600 projects under this scheme since 2016 to improve existing, and develop new, walking trails, greenways and other recreational amenities for communities and visitors all over Ireland. The continued development of recreational infrastructure will not only support Ireland's developing rural tourism industry, but will also provide better recreation options for local people and families for their own enjoyment of the countryside. The Outdoor Recreation Infrastructure Scheme provides funding under three separate measures: Measure 1: Small maintenance/promotion of existing infrastructure (maximum grant €20,000) Measure 2: Medium scale repair/upgrade and development of new small/medium infrastructure (maximum grant €200,000) Measure 3: Repair/upgrade and development of larger more strategic projects (grant between €200,001 and €500,000). The announcement of 78 successful projects under Measure 2 follows on from the announcement in September 2018 of €1.8 million in funding allocated to 128 small-scale projects under Measure 1, and the announcement in November of €8.1 million allocated to 18 large-scale projects under Measure 3. Projects approved under the Outdoor Recreation Infrastructure Scheme will primarily be run by Local Authorities and State Agencies, and funding will be provided to a maximum of 80% of total project costs, with the balance to be provided from Local Authority or other sources. Hiking and cross-country walking have seen a steady increase in popularity, with the numbers of overseas tourists engaging in this activity doubling in the last 5 years. Figures available from Fáilte Ireland reveal that in 2017, 26% of all overseas tourists engaged in some level of hiking or cross-country walking. This equates to 2.3 million tourists, spending an estimated €1.3 bn during their stay in Ireland. Similar statistics reveal that 5% of overseas tourists took part in cycling activities, equating to 451,000 tourists, who in their time in Ireland spend an estimated €246,000 benefiting the local economy. Tags: funding Government Action Plan for Rural Development Grants Outdoor Recreation Infrastructure Scheme Delivering for Citizens: How to Triple Success Rate of Policies The GE Workout: Physical Fitness for Your Organisation Networking Weekend at Blas Backyard Irish Rail Publishes First Review Of DART Accessibilty Pilot Project Wexford Council Exceeding Social Housing Quota By admin October 24, 2018

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John Magee Rep. John Magee Former Representative for New York's 28th District Magee was the representative for New York's 28th congressional district and was a Jackson. He served from 1829 to 1831. He was previously the representative for New York's 28th congressional district as a Jackson from 1827 to 1829. Contact Rep. John Magee I live in New York's 28th congressional district. I want to urge Magee to take an action on a bill. Visit Rep. John Magee's website » Look for a contact form on Rep. John Magee's website to express your opinion. Visit Magee's Website » Head over to Rep. John Magee's website. If you are having a problem with a government agency, look for a contact link for casework to submit a request for help. Otherwise, look for a phone number on that website to call his office if you have a question. Not all Members of Congress will accept messages from non-constituents. You can try your luck by visiting Magee's website. Otherwise, try contacting your own representative: You are currently on the website GovTrack.us, which has no affiliation with Magee and is not a government website. Choose from the options above to find the right way to contact Magee. From Dec 1827 to Mar 1831, Magee missed 79 of 506 roll call votes, which is 15.6%. This is on par with the median of 14.6% among the lifetime records of representatives serving in Mar 1831. The chart below reports missed votes over time. Dec 1827-May 1828 160 45 28.1% 89th Dec 1828-Mar 1829 73 7 9.6% 26th Dec 1829-May 1830 185 13 7.0% 18th Dec 1830-Mar 1831 88 14 15.9% 53rd John Magee is pronounced:

Gonzalez Haase AAS architecture firm designs Aera, a bakery in Berlin-Mitte, in Germany Starring: Gonzalez Haase AAS, Photographer: Thomas Meyer, City: Berlin, Germany, Section: Free Time, TAGS: Refurbishment, Interior Design, The Berlin-based Gonzalez Haase AAS architecture firm has designed the second location of Aera, a bakery specialising in gluten-free products that also includes a café area. All in an intense lapis lazuli blue, overlooking the central Rosenthaler Platz square in Berlin. Those familiar with Berlin know that the Rosenthaler Platz in Berlin-Mitte is a very central place and, having a shop overlooking this square means enjoying a rather privileged location. And if the location in question boasts a fascinating colour palette, as in the case of the latest intervention completed by the Gonzalez Haase AAS architecture firm, then it's game over. The project concerns the second location of Aera, a producer of gluten-free bread, with an adjoining café, inserted within a pre-existing space of just 70 square metres and with a 3.80 metre tall ceiling. To set up the new shop, the space was completely gutted and all the surfaces, including the floor as well as the walls and ceiling, were redone in concrete and painted in a striking lapis lazuli blue. A colour inspired – as the architects explain – by Dutch painter Johannes Vermeer, whose 17th century works are famous for the use of natural ultramarine. And it is precisely this powerful colour that makes the Aera bakery a place of great visual appeal, inviting passersby to step into the shop, even just to take a peek. In the interior design, Gonzalez Haase AAS created the furnishings in solid oak, contrasted with shelves for bakery products in electropolished stainless steel. A 13 metres long central counter runs diagonally from the entrance to the end of the shop, divided into a sales area and a café area. A design solution that becomes a spatial point of reference for visitors. Moreover, the environment is characterised by an unusual material composition, with its proportions and its visual merging with the surrounding space. Elements attributable to the fact that the intensity of the blue colour and the surface effect of the concrete change as the incidence of natural light varies, passing from light blue to dark blue, from glossy to opaque. The shop thus becomes a metaphorical spatial sculpture and the visitor, part of its staging. Judith Haase co-founder of the Gonzalez Haase architecture firm, which she opened in 1999 together with Pierre Jorge Gonzalez, explains the reasons for these design choices. But to understand them better, it's important to know that the studio, specialising in architecture, scenography and lighting, started to work in collaboration with Richard Gluckman and Robert Wilson for the Watermill Centre in New York. It thus becomes evident how, from the very beginning, the studio has placed a strong focus on the interaction between light and architecture in its designs, creating projects that often involved collaborations with contemporary artists, curators and collectors. In fact, in a press note Judith Haase explains: "The powerful, uniform colour scheme works as the background of a painting, allowing the true subject to really come into its own. Coupled with the LED lighting strips mounted right onto the ceiling and the natural light that filters in through the window front, we created a vibrant, light-filled space that brings the fine bread and baked goods into focus. Their warm-gold colour appears as a complementary, punctuated element in a space that clearly stands out." The Aera bakery has thus become a further point of attraction on the already lively Rosenthaler Platz in Berlin-Mitte, offering customers a surprising yet harmonious space. And it did so by putting into practice the unusual partnership between material and colour, a striking combination that makes a visit to the Aera bakery a full sensory experience. Project: Gonzalez Haase AAS Location: Berlin, Germany Images: Thomas Meyer latest news Design Natural beauty: the art of Carla Daturi Visual Display's award-winning Ristorante Agli Amici Related Articles: Free Time Transformation from an old bazaar into a restaurant, designed by ARQUID Architecture Discipline's NUO hotel in New Delhi Related Articles: Interior Design Work and well-being, Cushing Terrell for AppFolio Related Articles: Berlin, Germany "Linea nelle linee", a tour of Berlin by Antonella Bozzini Sarah Eick, 100 places in Berlin, postcards from the German capital Related Articles: Refurbishment Graham Baba Architects designs the new Ballard Food Bank

namespace dlib { template < typename clp_check > class cmd_line_parser_check_c : public clp_check { public: typedef typename clp_check::char_type char_type; typedef typename clp_check::string_type string_type; template < typename T > void check_option_arg_type ( const string_type& option_name ) const; template < typename T > void check_option_arg_range ( const string_type& option_name, const T& first, const T& last ) const; template < typename T, size_t length > void check_option_arg_range ( const string_type& option_name, const T (&arg_set)[length] ) const; template < size_t length > void check_option_arg_range ( const string_type& option_name, const char_type* (&arg_set)[length] ) const; template < size_t length > void check_incompatible_options ( const char_type* (&option_set)[length] ) const; template < size_t length > void check_one_time_options ( const char_type* (&option_set)[length] ) const; void check_incompatible_options ( const string_type& option_name1, const string_type& option_name2 ) const; void check_sub_option ( const string_type& parent_option, const string_type& sub_option ) const; template < size_t length > void check_sub_options ( const string_type& parent_option, const char_type* (&sub_option_set)[length] ) const; template < size_t length > void check_sub_options ( const char_type* (&parent_option_set)[length], const string_type& sub_option ) const; template < size_t parent_length, size_t sub_length > void check_sub_options ( const char_type* (&parent_option_set)[parent_length], const char_type* (&sub_option_set)[sub_length] ) const; }; template < typename clp_check > inline void swap ( cmd_line_parser_check_c<clp_check>& a, cmd_line_parser_check_c<clp_check>& b ) { a.swap(b); } // ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- // ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- // member function definitions // ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- // ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- template <typename clp_check> template <typename T> void cmd_line_parser_check_c<clp_check>:: check_option_arg_type ( const string_type& option_name ) const { COMPILE_TIME_ASSERT(is_pointer_type<T>::value == false); // make sure requires clause is not broken DLIB_CASSERT( this->parsed_line() == true && this->option_is_defined(option_name), "\tvoid cmd_line_parser_check::check_option_arg_type()" << "\n\tYou must have already parsed the command line and option_name must be valid." << "\n\tthis: " << this << "\n\toption_is_defined(option_name): " << ((this->option_is_defined(option_name))?"true":"false") << "\n\tparsed_line(): " << ((this->parsed_line())?"true":"false") << "\n\toption_name: " << option_name ); clp_check::template check_option_arg_type<T>(option_name); } // ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- template <typename clp_check> template <typename T> void cmd_line_parser_check_c<clp_check>:: check_option_arg_range ( const string_type& option_name, const T& first, const T& last ) const { COMPILE_TIME_ASSERT(is_pointer_type<T>::value == false); // make sure requires clause is not broken DLIB_CASSERT( this->parsed_line() == true && this->option_is_defined(option_name) && first <= last, "\tvoid cmd_line_parser_check::check_option_arg_range()" << "\n\tSee the requires clause for this function." << "\n\tthis: " << this << "\n\toption_is_defined(option_name): " << ((this->option_is_defined(option_name))?"true":"false") << "\n\tparsed_line(): " << ((this->parsed_line())?"true":"false") << "\n\toption_name: " << option_name << "\n\tfirst: " << first << "\n\tlast: " << last ); clp_check::check_option_arg_range(option_name,first,last); } // ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- template <typename clp_check> template < typename T, size_t length > void cmd_line_parser_check_c<clp_check>:: check_option_arg_range ( const string_type& option_name, const T (&arg_set)[length] ) const { COMPILE_TIME_ASSERT(is_pointer_type<T>::value == false); // make sure requires clause is not broken DLIB_CASSERT( this->parsed_line() == true && this->option_is_defined(option_name), "\tvoid cmd_line_parser_check::check_option_arg_range()" << "\n\tSee the requires clause for this function." << "\n\tthis: " << this << "\n\toption_is_defined(option_name): " << ((this->option_is_defined(option_name))?"true":"false") << "\n\tparsed_line(): " << ((this->parsed_line())?"true":"false") << "\n\toption_name: " << option_name ); clp_check::check_option_arg_range(option_name,arg_set); } // ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- template <typename clp_check> template < size_t length > void cmd_line_parser_check_c<clp_check>:: check_option_arg_range ( const string_type& option_name, const char_type* (&arg_set)[length] ) const { // make sure requires clause is not broken DLIB_CASSERT( this->parsed_line() == true && this->option_is_defined(option_name), "\tvoid cmd_line_parser_check::check_option_arg_range()" << "\n\tSee the requires clause for this function." << "\n\tthis: " << this << "\n\toption_is_defined(option_name): " << ((this->option_is_defined(option_name))?"true":"false") << "\n\tparsed_line(): " << ((this->parsed_line())?"true":"false") << "\n\toption_name: " << option_name ); clp_check::check_option_arg_range(option_name,arg_set); } // ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- template <typename clp_check> template < size_t length > void cmd_line_parser_check_c<clp_check>:: check_incompatible_options ( const char_type* (&option_set)[length] ) const { // make sure requires clause is not broken for (size_t i = 0; i < length; ++i) { DLIB_CASSERT( this->parsed_line() == true && this->option_is_defined(option_set[i]), "\tvoid cmd_line_parser_check::check_incompatible_options()" << "\n\tSee the requires clause for this function." << "\n\tthis: " << this << "\n\toption_is_defined(option_set[i]): " << ((this->option_is_defined(option_set[i]))?"true":"false") << "\n\tparsed_line(): " << ((this->parsed_line())?"true":"false") << "\n\toption_set[i]: " << option_set[i] << "\n\ti: " << static_cast<unsigned long>(i) ); } clp_check::check_incompatible_options(option_set); } // ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- template <typename clp_check> void cmd_line_parser_check_c<clp_check>:: check_incompatible_options ( const string_type& option_name1, const string_type& option_name2 ) const { // make sure requires clause is not broken DLIB_CASSERT( this->parsed_line() == true && this->option_is_defined(option_name1) && this->option_is_defined(option_name2), "\tvoid cmd_line_parser_check::check_incompatible_options()" << "\n\tSee the requires clause for this function." << "\n\tthis: " << this << "\n\toption_is_defined(option_name1): " << ((this->option_is_defined(option_name1))?"true":"false") << "\n\toption_is_defined(option_name2): " << ((this->option_is_defined(option_name2))?"true":"false") << "\n\tparsed_line(): " << ((this->parsed_line())?"true":"false") << "\n\toption_name1: " << option_name1 << "\n\toption_name2: " << option_name2 ); clp_check::check_incompatible_options(option_name1,option_name2); } // ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- template <typename clp_check> void cmd_line_parser_check_c<clp_check>:: check_sub_option ( const string_type& parent_option, const string_type& sub_option ) const { // make sure requires clause is not broken DLIB_CASSERT( this->parsed_line() == true && this->option_is_defined(parent_option) && this->option_is_defined(sub_option), "\tvoid cmd_line_parser_check::check_sub_option()" << "\n\tSee the requires clause for this function." << "\n\tthis: " << this << "\n\tparsed_line(): " << this->parsed_line() << "\n\toption_is_defined(parent_option): " << this->option_is_defined(parent_option) << "\n\toption_is_defined(sub_option): " << this->option_is_defined(sub_option) << "\n\tparent_option: " << parent_option << "\n\tsub_option: " << sub_option ); clp_check::check_sub_option(parent_option,sub_option); } // ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- template <typename clp_check> template < size_t length > void cmd_line_parser_check_c<clp_check>:: check_sub_options ( const string_type& parent_option, const char_type* (&sub_option_set)[length] ) const { // make sure requires clause is not broken for (size_t i = 0; i < length; ++i) { DLIB_CASSERT( this->option_is_defined(sub_option_set[i]), "\tvoid cmd_line_parser_check::check_sub_options()" << "\n\tSee the requires clause for this function." << "\n\tthis: " << this << "\n\toption_is_defined(sub_option_set[i]): " << ((this->option_is_defined(sub_option_set[i]))?"true":"false") << "\n\tsub_option_set[i]: " << sub_option_set[i] << "\n\ti: " << static_cast<unsigned long>(i) ); } DLIB_CASSERT( this->parsed_line() == true && this->option_is_defined(parent_option), "\tvoid cmd_line_parser_check::check_sub_options()" << "\n\tSee the requires clause for this function." << "\n\tthis: " << this << "\n\toption_is_defined(parent_option): " << ((this->option_is_defined(parent_option))?"true":"false") << "\n\tparsed_line(): " << ((this->parsed_line())?"true":"false") << "\n\tparent_option: " << parent_option ); clp_check::check_sub_options(parent_option,sub_option_set); } // ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- template <typename clp_check> template < size_t length > void cmd_line_parser_check_c<clp_check>:: check_sub_options ( const char_type* (&parent_option_set)[length], const string_type& sub_option ) const { // make sure requires clause is not broken for (size_t i = 0; i < length; ++i) { DLIB_CASSERT( this->option_is_defined(parent_option_set[i]), "\tvoid cmd_line_parser_check::check_sub_options()" << "\n\tSee the requires clause for this function." << "\n\tthis: " << this << "\n\toption_is_defined(parent_option_set[i]): " << ((this->option_is_defined(parent_option_set[i]))?"true":"false") << "\n\tparent_option_set[i]: " << parent_option_set[i] << "\n\ti: " << static_cast<unsigned long>(i) ); } DLIB_CASSERT( this->parsed_line() == true && this->option_is_defined(sub_option), "\tvoid cmd_line_parser_check::check_sub_options()" << "\n\tSee the requires clause for this function." << "\n\tthis: " << this << "\n\toption_is_defined(sub_option): " << ((this->option_is_defined(sub_option))?"true":"false") << "\n\tparsed_line(): " << ((this->parsed_line())?"true":"false") << "\n\tsub_option: " << sub_option ); clp_check::check_sub_options(parent_option_set,sub_option); } // ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- template <typename clp_check> template < size_t parent_length, size_t sub_length > void cmd_line_parser_check_c<clp_check>:: check_sub_options ( const char_type* (&parent_option_set)[parent_length], const char_type* (&sub_option_set)[sub_length] ) const { // make sure requires clause is not broken for (size_t i = 0; i < sub_length; ++i) { DLIB_CASSERT( this->option_is_defined(sub_option_set[i]), "\tvoid cmd_line_parser_check::check_sub_options()" << "\n\tSee the requires clause for this function." << "\n\tthis: " << this << "\n\toption_is_defined(sub_option_set[i]): " << ((this->option_is_defined(sub_option_set[i]))?"true":"false") << "\n\tsub_option_set[i]: " << sub_option_set[i] << "\n\ti: " << static_cast<unsigned long>(i) ); } for (size_t i = 0; i < parent_length; ++i) { DLIB_CASSERT( this->option_is_defined(parent_option_set[i]), "\tvoid cmd_line_parser_check::check_parent_options()" << "\n\tSee the requires clause for this function." << "\n\tthis: " << this << "\n\toption_is_defined(parent_option_set[i]): " << ((this->option_is_defined(parent_option_set[i]))?"true":"false") << "\n\tparent_option_set[i]: " << parent_option_set[i] << "\n\ti: " << static_cast<unsigned long>(i) ); } DLIB_CASSERT( this->parsed_line() == true , "\tvoid cmd_line_parser_check::check_sub_options()" << "\n\tYou must have parsed the command line before you call this function." << "\n\tthis: " << this << "\n\tparsed_line(): " << ((this->parsed_line())?"true":"false") ); clp_check::check_sub_options(parent_option_set,sub_option_set); } // ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- template <typename clp_check> template < size_t length > void cmd_line_parser_check_c<clp_check>:: check_one_time_options ( const char_type* (&option_set)[length] ) const { // make sure requires clause is not broken for (size_t i = 0; i < length; ++i) { DLIB_CASSERT( this->parsed_line() == true && this->option_is_defined(option_set[i]), "\tvoid cmd_line_parser_check::check_one_time_options()" << "\n\tSee the requires clause for this function." << "\n\tthis: " << this << "\n\toption_is_defined(option_set[i]): " << ((this->option_is_defined(option_set[i]))?"true":"false") << "\n\tparsed_line(): " << ((this->parsed_line())?"true":"false") << "\n\toption_set[i]: " << option_set[i] << "\n\ti: " << static_cast<unsigned long>(i) ); } clp_check::check_one_time_options(option_set); } // ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- } #endif // DLIB_CMD_LINE_PARSER_CHECk_C_

using System.ComponentModel.DataAnnotations; using System.ComponentModel.DataAnnotations.Schema; namespace Zombie.Models { public abstract class DbModel : IDbModel { [Key] [DatabaseGenerated(DatabaseGeneratedOption.Identity)] public int Id { get; set; } } public interface IDbModel { int Id { get; } } }

STARTING WITH THE TERRIBLE TWOS, when toddlers hear the word "No" on a regular basis, people don't like to be told they can't do something. They often believe government regulations interfere with their rights. The government requires vaccinations for school attendance; parents complain that they should be able to make their own decisions about whether to vaccinate their children. The government requires that drugs be approved by the FDA before marketing; desperate patients dying of cancer complain that regulations are preventing them from getting the one new treatment that just might save their life.

Live Stream Here All Worship Streams Historical Video Archive These playlists house recordings of historical videos that were made to document the life of the church at King of Glory. They are arranged mostly by date. Take a look around and revisit that sermon that made an impact on you and helped you Grow in faith and love! To use the playlist, click in the upper left corner to see the available videos in this playlist. Then you will be able to scroll up and down the videos in this playlist. The videos will be arranged by publication date with the earliest videos at the top of the list and the newest videos at the bottom of the list. playlist of © 2022 KING OF GLORY LUTHERAN CHURCH King of Glory Privacy Policy

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This Little Bird... Articles Reflecting a Vegan Lifestyle From All-Creatures.org Priya Sawhney, DxE, Direct Action Everywhere Compassionately with tears in my eyes, I said, "we are taking her to the vet, we can't give her back to be killed." The police officer locked eyes with me and said, "I feel your pain," turned to his pocket, and paid the $3 dollars so we could take her. After rescuing this little bird during DxE open rescue at Saba Live Poultry in East Oakland, California, October 22, 2017, Priya wrote: This little bird inside my hand was cowering inside of a trash can, moments away from being killed. For her, human hands have always been weapons - approaching to take her away from her family, approaching her friends who she'd never see again, and ultimately, approaching her so she can have her throat slit. But today, human hands meant something different. These human hands were there to help her. But she still fluttered, scared that we would hurt her. I have never felt the fear and anxiety that I did when the police boldly demanded that we "give her back to her rightful owners." Compassionately with tears in my eyes, I said, "we are taking her to the vet, we can't give her back to be killed." The police officer locked eyes with me and said, "I feel your pain," turned to his pocket, and paid the $3 dollars so we could take her. And so she went, off to get the medical attention she needed. Her heart beating on my chest. Her heart, no different than mine. Friends, I have experienced fear and isolation. I am a woman of color from an immigrant family who came to this country right after 9/11. I cried alone, as people called me a "terrorist" in a middle-school hallway. I cowered as people pointed and called my family and me "enemies" because I looked different than them. It's in those instances of fear that I thought, "I wonder what the animals must feel?" They are so much smaller than me. They are far more powerless than me. That is when I knew that the only answer to violence against anyone is to directly intervene. We have to challenge injustice, no matter when and how it happens. And so we did. Yesterday, we went inside of a slaughterhouse. Fearless of the industry's weapons and knives, we went in. We rescued animals forced thousands of people watching on the internet, public officials, and even the police officers to ask themselves, "do we want to help or hurt animals?" Nobody wants to hurt animals. Ultimately, we will all join forces and hold hands and breakdown slaughterhouse walls and go in to rescue the animals. The only question is - IF not WHEN will you join us.

The MASCOT NUM 2015 meeting has been organized at Ecole des Mines de St-Etienne (France), from April 08th to April 10th, 2015. The best student presentation award has been conferred to Michaël Binois (Mines St-Etienne/Renault). He has won a prize of 1000€ to be used to go to a meeting.

ISEAL Alliance Community log in Javascript is required for this site to work correctly Beyond certification: the systemic impacts of sustainability standards Trevally in water © Marine Stewardship Council 3 Joshua Wickerham, ISEAL Policy & Outreach Manager, discusses the insights from a new white paper on the systemic impacts of voluntary sustainability standards. In recent years, understanding of the impacts of sustainability standards has been increasing. ISEAL members have invested significantly in monitoring and evaluation systems, and various organisations have commissioned research into the impacts of standards and certification. A growing body of evidence points to the positive changes that can occur when farms, forests, fisheries and other enterprises are certified against credible standards. However, the impact of sustainability standards goes beyond the individual certified operations. Standards can also affect whole systems, in both large and small ways – by shaping government and private sector policies, sharing knowledge and training, raising consumer awareness or improving coordination across landscapes and sectors. This helps to create an enabling environment for production and consumption practices that benefit people and planet. These systemic impacts have the potential to play a significant role in tackling the root causes of unsustainable practices and extending, deepening and sustaining the positive effects of certification. However, they can be challenging to identify and measure. ISEAL and WWF commissioned sustainability consultancy Aidenvironment to explore this largely uncharted territory. The recently published white paper highlights a range of systemic impacts of ISEAL member standards, both tangible, such as the creation of new partnerships or knowledge products, and intangible, such as building trust and embedding principles of continuous improvement and learning. Stakeholder collaboration Sustainability standards can help to facilitate dialogue between multiple stakeholders across a sector. This can lead to improved coordination, strategies and partnerships to tackle key sustainability issues, while also helping to build trust, influence attitudes or empower those who are often excluded from decisions that affect them. For example, in Sabah, Malaysia, the Roundtable on Sustainable Palm Oil (RSPO) has helped bring together government, industry and civil society to improve practices at a jurisdictional level, and is supporting the state government in its commitment to certify all palm operations to the RSPO standard by 2025. In Nicaragua, Bonsucro brokered dialogue in a dispute on workers' health between an NGO and a large sugar mill. This led to the launch of Adelante, an industry-wide initiative that aims to improve farm labour practices and workers' health nationally and regionally. Knowledge and investments Standards have helped expand the knowledge base and develop tools to support sustainable production. The high conservation value (HCV) approach, originally pioneered by the Forestry Stewardship Council (FSC), has now been adopted by over 160 companies and financial institutions, helping to protect millions of hectares of old-growth forest and other important natural habitats and cultural sites. And, seven ISEAL members formed the Global Living Wage Coalition (GLWC) to promote wages that enable workers and their families to afford a decent standard of living. The coalition's tools and studies, publicly available online, have helped develop benchmarks for a living wage in several sectors. Sustainability standards have also helped funnel investment into research, training and capacity building with widespread benefits. The Global Fisheries Sustainability Fund from the Marine Stewardship Council (MSC), for example, specifically funds projects that will have benefits beyond a single fishery. Policies and behaviour By engaging with businesses, government and the finance sector, standards influence policies in both public and private sectors, as well as corporate behaviour and public opinion. Changes to public policy can be particularly significant, helping to eliminate the worst practices and create a level playing field for responsible operations. Many sustainability standards have influenced government policy and regulations in several countries and sectors – from aquaculture in Vietnam and coffee in Brazil to cotton in Mozambique and forestry in Peru. Standards can also serve as a basis for sustainable public procurement criteria, or to identify and mitigate environmental and social risks. For example, ABN Amro, Citibank Group, Credit Suisse, Deutsche Bank, HSBC, Rabobank and UBS all require customers to be certified or have time-bound plans to become certified. These financial sector requirements shape market behaviour to deepen sustainability standards' impacts. Opportunities for sustainability standards systems Voluntary sustainability standards truly have the potential to deliver impacts that go beyond individual supply chains and certified areas of operation – the examples discussed show how this is already happening. However, we need to do more to monitor these systemic impacts in order to inform future strategies. There's a strong argument for ISEAL members to put more emphasis on targeting these systemic impacts, to achieve broad and long-lasting benefits for people and nature. It's an area we look forward to exploring more. Watch the webinar 'From certifying operations to transforming systems', where WWF, ISEAL and Aidenvironment present the findings and examples of systemic impacts. Posted on 6th December 2018 by Joshua Wickerham Breaking through barriers in communicating the impact of sustainability standards Businesses with ambitious sustainability commitments need to create compelling, evidence-based... Sustainability standards driving impact for women in global supply chains Sustainability standards and multi-stakeholder initiatives (MSIs) like Fairtrade International,... Boosting the impact of sustainability standards ISEAL's fund to support innovations that help to future-proof sustainability standards is in a... Follow ISEAL Jobs at ISEAL The Green House 244-254 Cambridge Heath Road E2 9DA info@isealalliance.org © ISEAL Alliance 2019 Website by IE Digital Credible sustainability standards What are credible sustainability standards? ISEAL Credibility Principles Innovating and improving standards ISEAL Codes of Good Practice ISEAL consultations Innovations in standards Standards for the future Strengthening assurance to manage risk Leveraging data and technology innovations Working to better meet producer needs Reporting on sustainability performance Operating at a landscape level Innovations projects Sustainability standards Impacts and benefits Sustainability issues Join the ISEAL community ISEAL training About ISEAL ISEAL members ISEAL subscribers

Natives Celebrate Olympic Failure POOR correspondent - Posted on 02 July 2010 The Native Youth Movement (NYM) is Native Peoples Liberation Movement, fighting for our People, our Land, and our way of Life.The Native Youth Movement is in the midst of becoming a Grand Council of Young and Old (Veteran/Battle Tested) Warriorz alike. A Warriorz Society with the Young Warriorz serving as the Physical protectors, and the O.G.s (Original Guerrillas) as the Advisor Warriorz, giving direction through lessons, age old teachings, previous battles, and from the Spirits and our Ancestors, who have passed on this responsibility of defending our Indian way. Native Youth Movement Statement to the Universe War for Land and Freedom continues… Indigenous Peoples are celebrating Worldwide after claiming victory over the 2010 Winter Olympic Games. Invaders were warned not to enter our Lands and now they are to blame for the "worst Olympic games ever". For the first time there is no natural snow in the host Olympic city, which sits on un-surrendered Indigenous Territories. 20,000+ tickets had to be refunded after the cancellation of many events because of no snow. A Georgian luger athlete's name now stands alongside Harriet Nahanee and millions of other life forms that were killed for the Olympics. The bad outcome can be seen as a small taste to what awaits any investors, companies or civilian invaders* who enter Indigenous Territories. Why we must Fight Indigenous Objectives We fight for Land and Freedom. The struggle for our Lands and way of life remains the exact same as when Crazy Horse, Geronimo, Tecumseh and Tupac Amaru were alive. The only thing different is the minds, the physical reality is that another group of humans are still imposing their beliefs and will on our Indigenous Peoples and Lands at gunpoint. Our Lands are occupied by invaders, raped for profit, war, entertainment and human comfort. The invaders have not stolen our land, the land is still here, under concrete or not, it remains, and as long as we remain we will fight to expel all invaders who destroy or seek to destroy it. The invasion and continued occupation of our Indigenous Lands is not simply just another issue, it is the root cause of all problems. This occupation of our Lands must be the focus of education and discussion. If you are Native we need to constantly ask ourselves how do we get the invaders to de-occupy our Lands and rid our Mother Earth of these evil parasites. If you are a supporter you must ask yourself who's Indigenous Territory you are illegally occupying and how can you help with the de-occupation of Native Lands by invaders? That should be our focus if you say you want to help the problems then address the root cause of what is actually causing the problems, which is this fake man-made colonial system of existence. This is not Canada, America, Mexico, or any other fake European neo-colonial country. Just as our allies world-wide are fighting to expel civilian, industrial and military colonialists from their lands, so are we. They fear the Unity of Indigenous Peoples so much they denied representatives from dozens of Indigenous Nations ability to attend the Indigenous Peoples Assembly (hosted by the Secwepemc Nation in so-called British Columbia, KKKanada) and the 2010 Convergence, all because of a fake line put to divide our people. No matter what they attempt we cannot be stopped—our thoughts and prayers helped to make sure there was no snow and the Olympics were a sloppy failure at best. A message to the world was sent: We do not want mining, resorts, dams, power lines, highways, railways, cities, deep sea ports, fish farms, garbage dumps, industrial parks or any invasion military or civilian, in our lands which cause massive destruction to our Territories. While KKKanada tried to show the world they are our friends, the Okanagan Nation set up a roadblock to defend their lands from logging destruction. Only an hour away from Whistler, an Olympic venue, sits a new village, Sutikalh, established almost 10 years ago in the mountains of the St'at'imc Nation, to stop a $550-million ski-resort from being built into some of the last untouched pristine alpine valleys. In the Tahltan Nation, a camp has been established to stop Shell Oil from drilling into their Sacred Lands, the Headwaters of 3 of the biggest Salmon bearing rivers left in the World. The Secwepemc continue their decade long fight with sun peaks ski-resort, stopping Mining in the Headwaters of the Adams River watershed, which is, home to the largest sockeye salmon spawning grounds in the western hemisphere, as well as protecting sacred burial grounds from Trans Canada highway and CP railway expansions. The Wet'suwet'en are fighting to stop two major pipelines from being built through their territory, as well protecting their Lands from mining and logging. The Haudenosaunee People, a Six Nation Confederacy of the Seneca, Oneida, Onondaga, Cayuga, Tuscarora and Mohawk are relentlessly confronting encroachment, destruction and occupation of their lands. Algonquins of Barrie Lake are fighting to stop logging in their Territory and save their water and way of Life. Dene Nation is fighting the largest Industrial project in the history of humanity and the most destructive process known to man-kind, the Tar Sands. Mayan People are fighting KKKanadian mining companies while villages are being destroyed and Indigenous Peoples assassinated daily. In Grassy Narrows, Annishinabe have been fighting logging for years, halting their operations. In Northern Ontario, Annishinabe are also fighting mining from destroying the still pristine boreal forest. Indigenous Peoples in the Amazon are also fighting KKKanadian mining and oil exploration having major clashes resulting in the massacre over 30 Indigenous Peoples. Indigenous Peoples are fighting back with 24 police officers impaled and killed with Indigenous spears. Awajun and Wampis Peoples detained five employees from the Canadian mining company IAMGOLD, which did not have any authorization to enter their territory. Lakota, Indigenous Peoples in South Dakota, so-called united states is continuing the fight for their Sacred Black Hills and to stop a KKKanadian mining company from drilling uranium in the Heart of Mother Earth. Indigenous Land Fighters, coast to coast were targeted and harassed by integrated Olympic security unit (that has unified all military and police forces throughout KKKanada) for years prior to the Olympics. The head of Olympics security is Bud Mercer, the notorious redneck Indian hater who was an ERT (emergency response team) member that tried to blow up Indian people with a land mine. The explosion kicked off a shoot-out which saw the police (including mercer) shoot an excess of 77,000 rounds of ammunition trying to kill Secwepemc people in their own ceremonial grounds (Gustafsen Lake, 1995). This was the largest RCMP operation in KKKanadian history. Indigenous Peoples from the Nations of the St'at'imc, Squamish, Secwepemc, Haida, Helsik, Mohawk, Tuscarora, Onondoga, Halkomelem, Mi'kmaq, Ktunaxa, Cree, Annishinabe, Kwakiutl, Tsimshian, as well as Indigenous Peoples from Oaxaca and other areas of so-called Mexico, and countless supporters have been the target of their billion dollar Olympic security budget. In an effort to intimidate and scare Indigenous peoples from fighting for our Lands. Fear tactics are of no use, we are over 500 years deep into this Resistance, we only continue to get stronger, we will never surrender or fall for their threats, lies or rumors. The man-made empires of the world are collapsing before our eyes. The fall of the white-man's world is imminent. We do not seek pity or recognition from the white-man, it is us who have the power of recognition and there is only one thing we recognize, that this man-made system is an enemy of all life and we will never stop fighting until it is rid from our beautiful lands. Our land is not for sale! We Stand in Solidartiy with the People and Lands the Olympics will be Invading next, London and Sochi, we know the resistance will grow. We Stand in full Alliance with the Indigenous People of Tabasco fighting for their lands and against a massive 2010 colonial celebration in the south. To the brothers and sisters of the Tuhoe Nation, we send our War Cry of Unity to all of you fighting and being forced into the illegal white-mans court, you will be freed. Drop all charges of JR Valrey. To Gloria Arenas and Jacobo Silva we are elated to hear of your release from behind enemy lines, we demand the same for Leonard Peltier, John Graham, the prisoners in Atenco and Oaxaca, Mumia Abu-Jamal, Russell Maroon Shoats, the Move 9, Mapuche Warriors, and all those they fear, we look forward to meeting with you on the battlefield in unity against our collective enemies. Indigenous Peoples, our Warriors of fighting age are the majority once again. We send our militant embrace to the Zapatistas, the Mapuche, Dineh, Kuna, Seminole, Nuxalk, Gitksan, Taino, Maori, Nasa, the Warriors of West Papau, Indigenous Peoples of the Philippines, and all Indigenous Peoples of the World fighting the enemies of the Earth. Let us Unite with the Plants, Animals, Wind, Sun, Air, Water and all Creation in a Warriors Alliance to fight for Life. We are Earths' Army. We will not stop until we Win. We will never surrender. Warriors Unite. Native Youth Movement, Society of Warriors Un-surrendered Mountains of the Northwest http://nativeyouthmovement.org/ POOR correspondent's blog Global Poverty and Resistance Indigenous Resistance Indigenous Peoples Media Project VERY AMUSING Submitted by Anonymous on Fri, 06/24/2011 - 9:43pm. So the United States is a "fake European neo-colonial country," is it? Well I hate to tell you this, but the US, Canada, Mexico, etc., came into being by kicking indigenous butt. It was a long and hard-fought struggle, but in the end, the Europeans won. Your fantasy of "fighting to expel civilian, industrial and military colonialists" has about as much basis in fact as the claim that that snow failed to fall at the Olympics out of solidarity with your cause. Go ahead and be militant, if it makes you feel good, but please realize that your words have no bearing on reality.

Parrot is a language-neutral virtual machine for dynamic languages such as Ruby, Python, PHP, and Perl. It hosts a powerful suite of compiler tools tailored to dynamic languages and a next generation regular expression engine. Its architecture is fundamentally different than virtual machines such as the JVM or CLR, with optimizations for dynamic languages, the use of registers instead of stacks, and pervasive continuations used for all flow control. This book covers Parrot Intermediate Representation (PIR), Parrot's native low-level language. PIR is fundamentally an assembly language, but it has some higher-level features such as operator syntax, syntactic sugar for subroutine and method calls, automatic register allocation, and more friendly conditional syntax. Parrot libraries – including most of Parrot's compiler tools – are often written in PIR. Even so, PIR is more rigid and "close to the machine" than higher-level languages, which makes it a good window into the inner workings of the virtual machine.

Grant on narrow defeat, game changing red card and scoring Bobby Grant has given his reaction to Saturday's narrow 3-2 defeat against Scunthorpe United at Highbury. Grant – who scored against his former side after coming on as a substitute – covered all the key points in his post-match interview. On the game itself… "I'm disappointed. Scunthorpe are a competitive side, they're going to compete for first and second balls and that's what they've done. "We did well to get back into the game and get it back to 2-2 but we have to see the game out and get the point. We've worked so hard with ten men to get back in it, but some of us have to learn from our mistakes, and we need to put it right quickly." On the red card… "It was never a red card. He hasn't caught the ball or tried to intentionally stop the ball with his hand. There's nothing he could do. The lad has headed the ball across goal and it's hit him. Okay, he can give the penalty but he can't give a red card because it's never been a red card." On scoring as a substitute… "I've always said I want to start games, I've been back with the lads now for three weeks. But, it doesn't make me any happier to score a goal if we get beat. "I'd rather we'd have won the game or drawn than get beat. On a personal note it is good to get a goal but I can't celebrate that because we have lost the game." On drawing level with ten men… "It was good team effort in the second half, but we've lost the game from a late goal. "We did it against Gillingham with the penalty and we've done it again today with another set piece, a free kick. We need to learn to do that. Having worked so hard to get back in the game at 2-2, we threw it away." On Charlie Oliver's debut… "It was a good debut from him, he's a great lad. To be thrown into the game like that, it's a big test, but he'll learn and he'll be a great addition to this team." On the Checkatrade Trophy Quarter Final against Yeovil on Tuesday… "We have to be professional and prepare properly. It's a massive game against Yeovil make no mistake about it. We're going there to win the game and progress in the cup. We'll certainly put things right tomorrow and focus on Yeovil." Fleetwood Town vs Scunthorpe United on 03 Feb 18 Bobby Grant

When touring Jen and I sometimes run out of electrical power for keeping the sat-nav, two phones and the camera charged up. So, when getting a new front wheel, we specified a Schmidt SON28 dynamo, primarily aimed at charging these devices and also to power front and rear lights. One headlight, the B+M Lumotec IQ2 Luxos U Senso Plus, has a USB socket for this purpose, but it has poor reviews for quality and reliability. Only one I have found. Does anyone have experience with any other headlamps with a USB socket? The other option I can see is to buy a USB charging device e.g. Sinewave Cycles Revolution USB which converts dynamo power to USB, and separately take power from the dynamo to the lights. This is what you need. I have one on my solo and it keeps phone and Garmin charged although it does dim the front light a little if charging at night. I do also use via a charge through battery as a backup. I think you are going to be hard pushed to keep two phones, a sat nav and a camera charged up with just a dynamo. The Schmidt SON28 appears to be able to produce 3 Watt's presumably at reasonable cycling speed. A mobile phone will take around 0.2 Watts on average when mainly idle with very occasional use assuming there is a reasonable signal level and that is continuous power drain. In active use it may take about 1.5 Watts. Assumes you cycle for about 4-5 hours a day. Watt hours 5V is lower due to 80% efficiency of Dynamo/solar to 5V convertor. So you will be able to keep almost 2 phones going if you hardly use them or almost 1 phone if you use it a fair bit. Might be better to have one or more largish mobile phone battery packs 10,000mA (37 Wh) or more (will keep a mobile phone going for about 7 days or two for 3 days and charge them when you are near mains power. Could charge this with the dynamo and if you had room a solar panel on the rear carrier to get a longer time from it (If its sunny!). Hi Terry, your table makes a lot of sense. I know nothing about electrics but the consensus of what i have read agrees with you: These electrical interfaces between the dynamo and the device are all much of a muchness and ( in all probablity) utilise very similar circuitry and components. they all require a rechargeable battery as an extra stage. This prevents the device being charged from misbehaving.. I understand, from what i have read, that that battery has to be of a particular type and not large in capacity to enable the charger to work most effectively. such a setup would enable a traveller on a bike in a remote place to keep their sat nav and phone charged enough to navigate, take pics, communicate. This should suffice, especially when weight and space will also be key considerations. Off the shelf the german light witha usb connection seems to be the best choice, although the risk would be breaking it whilst on the road. Beyond that, perhaps the simplest/ cheapest straight from the hub which I think are about £25. If you are going to make some, please let me know via this forum what they are/ pics/ price. I would be interested. PS I run a SA dynamo front hub/ drum brake to a rear and front light. I can switch the front light off but not the rear. This is a commuter bike and, at this stage, I am just interested in making a charging system work reliably and understanding it`s on the road performance. It is my son who does the wild bike tours ( south america etc). I would use what i learned on my bike to help him build the right bike for his next tour ( possibly china).

Integrated Guided Missile Development Program(IGMDP) During the Sino-Indian War in 1962, which it lost terribly, India felt the need of ingenious missile system. Keeping in mind the same need for missile system for Indian forces, Defence Research and Development Organisation (DRDO) launched the Integrated Guided Missile Development Programme (IGMDP) in July 26, 1983. The principal aim of IGMDP was to develop a family of strategic and tactical guided missiles based on local design and development for three defence services. Dr. Abdul Kalam, who had previously been the project director for the SLV-3 programme at ISRO, was inducted as the DRDL(Defence Research & Development Laboratory) Director in 1983 to conceive and lead it. Dr. Kalam, headed a Missile Study Team to weigh the feasibility of the programme. Keeping in mind the requirements of various types of missiles by the defence forces, the team recommended development of five missile systems The missiles to be developed under the programme were:-- Short-range surface-to-surface ballistic missile Prithvi Intermediate-range surface-to-surface ballistic missile Agni Short-range low-level surface-to-air missile Trishul Medium-range surface-to-air missile Akash Third generation anti-tank missile Nag However, India's quest for missile technology has not been smooth. After India test-fired the first Prithvi missile in 1988 and the first Agni missile in 1989, the Missile Technology Control Regime, led by Canada, France, Germany, Italy, Japan, the United Kingdom and the United States, decided to restrict access to any technology that would help India in its missile development programme. To counter western monopoly over critical missile technology, India had to become self-reliant. A slew of public sector firms with independent research laboratories were set up throughout country to develop the technologies, the sub systems, the materials, the testing facilities. IGMDP provided backbone to the Indian defense system. This program was extensively planned by Abdul Kalam and his colleagues to exploit national strength and capabilities.. In a way Indian missile programme is developed by all the talent, skills and technologies present in India at that time. Different technologies was fabricated, developed and tested by different institutions and than assembled together. Prithvi was the first missile to be developed under this programme, and the first ever missile to be inducted in the Indian defense services. IGMDP is the story of India's journey to become self reliant in missile technology. If you want to know more about it just read Abdul Kalam's Wings Of Fire. For the detail timeline of events visit here.

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Dear all, is it possible to see snow mountain or glacier in Georgia in July ? If yes, at which part of Georgia? I am thinking of a trip to Georgia with kids. It may be a bonus if they can see glacier or they can come to snow mountain. Hello! Yes, it'spossible. Gliciers Chalaadi (abot 1 hour from the road), Adishi, Shkhara.

Tag: resignation Is Trump considering resignation? Former Republican National Committee Chairman Michael Steele told the political news website West Wing Reports that President Donald Trump "will not finish his term": Former chairman of RNC Steele told WWR at lunch that .@RealDonaldTrump will not finish his term; advises clients to bolster ties w/VP Pence — West Wing Reports (@WestWingReport) March 31, 2017 Claude Taylor, a travel photographer who was a White House staffer during the Bill Clinton administration, has publicly claimed that an independent journalist and two unnamed sources are saying that Trump is considering, among other options, resigning the presidency: An ind journalist I have worked with-who has been reliable-says they have 2 sources that say Trump is considering options-incl resignation. — Claude Taylor (@TrueFactsStated) March 31, 2017 I'm inclined to believe that, despite Trump's ties to the Vladimir Putin regime in Russia, his horrible relationship with fellow Republicans in Congress, the Trumpcare failure, his controversial political appointments, nepotism in the White House, and every other political controversy surrounding the Trump Administration that you can think of, Trump probably has no intention of resigning. For virtually Trump's entire adult life, his modus operandi has been to get as wealthy and powerful by any means possible, and Trump would obviously lose a ton of power by resigning from the presidency. However, I could be very wrong about that. Sunday, April 2, 2017 Sunday, April 2, 2017 considering options West Wing Reports BREAKING NEWS: University of Mizzouri president Tim Wolfe resigning, Mizzou graduate student Johnathan Butler ends hunger strike AUTHOR'S NOTE: In this blog post, "Mizzou" refers to the University of Missouri-Columbia, and "Mizzou System" refers to the entire University of Missouri System. Tim Wolfe, the President of the University of Missouri System, is resigning amid a hunger strike by Mizzou graduate student Jonathan Butler, a strike by 32 members of the Mizzou football team, and a pervasive racist culture at Mizzou. Upon Wolfe's resignation, Butler ended his hunger strike and has stated that Wolfe's resignation should be the first step towards ending racism in the Mizzou System: The #MizzouHungerStrike is officially over! — [ JB ] (@_JonathanButler) November 9, 2015 This is only the first step! More change is to come!! #TheStruggleContinues #ConcernedStudent1950 However, the president of the Mizzou System stepping down should be only the first step when it comes to ending the racist culture at Mizzou and in the Mizzou System. Make no mistake about it, racism is a serious problem at Mizzou. The student body at the flagship Mizzou campus, located in Columbia, Missouri, is predominantly white, and black students have had to deal with racial slurs directed at them regularly. In one instance, someone drew a swastika, a symbol on the flag of Nazi Germany during Adolf Hitler's fascist dictatorship, on a dormitory wall using human feces. That is just one of many racist incidents at Mizzou. Just because Tim Wolfe stepped down doesn't change the fact that racism is still a problem in the Mizzou System. The next Mizzou System president should take racism a lot more seriously and fight to make the Mizzou System campuses welcoming to all Mizzou System students and faculty. campus president embattled end of hunger strike faculty walkout Mizzou faculty walkout Mizzou football Mizzou football strike Mizzou football team Mizzou hunger strike Mizzou System players' strike Tim Wolfe University of Mizzouri University of Mizzouri System University of Mizzouri-Columbia university system president ENDORSEMENT: Kati Walsh for U.S. House Speaker With Republican U.S. House Speaker John Boehner exiting stage right, I'm pleased to announce that I'm going to make a very special endorsement. I proudly endorse Kati Walsh for Speaker of the United States House of Representatives. Since I'm guessing that very few, if any, readers of this blog know who Kati Walsh is, I'll talk a little bit about her. She's a resident of Madison, Wisconsin and an elementary school art teacher in the local public school system in Madison. She's also a very strong advocate for public education. Now, many of you are probably thinking that Ms. Walsh is not a Member of Congress. Of course she's not a Member of Congress. However, there's no legal requirement in the U.S. Constitution that the speaker be a sitting member of the House, so anyone could legally be elected speaker by the 435 members of the U.S. House of Representatives. In fact, the U.S. Constitution could be interpreted as allowing for someone who doesn't meet the constitutional requirements to be eligible to be elected a U.S. House member (at least 25 years of age, U.S. citizen for at least seven years, resident of the state in which he/she seeks to represent) to be elected speaker. Heck, there's nothing prohibiting me from receiving votes for speaker, even though I'm not a Member of Congress, and I have zero interest in being speaker. Do I think that Ms. Walsh will get a single vote in the upcoming election for speaker? Of course not. The vast majority of the Republicans will vote for one of their own House members, probably Rep. Kevin McCarthy (R-CA), with a few hard-line conservative Republicans voting for Tea Party-types in protest. On the other hand, nearly all Democrats will vote for Nancy Pelosi, with the exception of a handful of centrist/conservative Democrats who will vote for either a Republican or a different House Democrat. However, I've always thought of the idea of a citizen speaker (i.e., a U.S. House speaker who is not a House member) would be interesting, as a citizen speaker would have the power to preside over the House, but not be able to vote on legislation before the House, effectively making the speaker's post non-partisan and technocratic in nature. If Kati Walsh can teach a class of elementary school children, then she'll have no problem presiding over the U.S. House of Representatives and its 435 adult members. citizen speaker Kati Walsh non-member speaker speaker election U.S. House Speaker New Hampshire GOP Congressman Frank Guinta should resign immediately The Federal Election Commission (FEC) has ruled that U.S. Representative Frank Guinta of New Hampshire's 1st Congressional District violated federal campaign finance laws by accepting $355,000 in illegal campaign donations from his parents. It's 100% clear to me that Guinta should resign before you finish reading this blog post. I have zero tolerance for those in positions of power who abuse the trust of the people they represent, and Guinta has abused the trust of the people of the 1st District of New Hampshire. That's because he violated federal campaign finance laws by accepting $355,000 in campaign cash from his parents and claiming that the money came from his own pocket in the form of a loan to his own campaign, when, in reality, it came from a bank account in his parents' name. What Guinta did is a form of money laundering. It's not just Democrats who are sick and tired of Guinta's Chicago-style corruption. Kelly Ayotte, the far-right Republican U.S. Senator from New Hampshire, is also calling for Guinta's resignation, likely because she knows that she already has little chance of winning re-election next year without the Guinta scandal dragging down the GOP in her home state, but would have nearly zero chance of winning re-election if Guinta were on the same ballot as her in half of New Hampshire. If Guinta resigns from office, that would result in a special election for Guinta's House seat, which includes much of eastern and southeastern portions of New Hampshire, including places like Manchester, Portsmouth, and Laconia. I would love to see Carol Shea-Porter run for her old seat in Congress again, as she's a wonderful, progressive-minded person who has staunchly opposed the culture of big-money politics that Guinta has long been a part of. Monday, May 18, 2015 Monday, July 13, 2015 big-money politics call for resignation campaign contribution campaign donation Congressional Republicans Frank Guinta New Hampshire Republicans NH-1 NH-Sen self-funding Why I'm calling for both of Wisconsin's U.S. Senators to resign from office immediately I am officially calling for U.S. Senators Tammy Baldwin (D) and Ron Johnson (R), both of Wisconsin, to resign from office immediately. In both cases, it involves their role in a scandal involving opiate pain pills being overprescribed at a Veterans Affairs medical facility in Tomah, Wisconsin, which I will refer to in subsequent paragraphs of this blog post as the Tomah VA. Marquette Baylor, a former staffer for Baldwin who was fired as part of an apparent political damage control operation by Baldwin and her chief of staff, Bill Murat, recently filed an ethics complaint against Baldwin with the U.S. Senate Select Committee on Ethics, a six-member committee with an equal number of Democrats and Republicans. Baylor is claiming that Baldwin made "false statements and misrepresentations" as part of a political cover-up in a desperate attempt to protect Baldwin's own political career and Murat's career. It appears to me that Baylor was fired after the corporate media exposed Baldwin sitting on information about drugs being overprescribed at the Tomah VA, and that Baylor was fired because Baldwin and Murat were looking for a scapegoat. While the far-right corporate media in Wisconsin has almost entirely fixated on Baldwin's role in the Tomah VA scandal in an obvious example of right-wing bias, Wisconsin's other U.S. Senator, Ron Johnson, has also been implicated in the Tomah VA scandal. About a month and a half ago, Daniel Bice of the Milwaukee Journal-Sentinel reported that Johnson's aides sat on information about drugs being overprescribed at the Tomah VA. While Johnson and his staffers have tried to make U.S. Sen. Claire McCaskill (D-MO) their scapegoat, Bice's report made it clear to me that Johnson's staffers sat on information about drugs being overprescribed at the Tomah VA. Calling for the resignation of elected officials is something I take very seriously. The fact that Senators Baldwin and Johnson failed veterans and sat on information about dangerous practices in the health system that serves those who served our nation in uniform for far too long is more than enough for me to call for them to resign from office immediately and without delay. Senators Baldwin and Johnson are a disgrace to their home state of Wisconsin and to America. Tuesday, April 21, 2015 Tuesday, July 21, 2015 Bill Murat bipartisan problem ethics complaint failing consituents failing veterans legislative aides Marquette Baylor overprescription resign from office taking no action Tomah WI U.S. Senate Ethics Committee U.S. Senate Select Committee on Ethics unethical VA Health System Veterans Affairs Health System WI-Sen

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LanzaJet, Marquis SAF partner to build Illinois plant LanzaJet has entered into an MOU with Marquis Sustainable Aviation Fuel to construct a to construct a 120 MMgy sustainable fuels plant using low-CI feedstocks to produce SAF and renewable diesel via the LanzaJet alcohol-to-jet process. USDA: Ethanol exports at 1.24 billion gallons in 2021 The U.S. exported 117.93 million gallons of ethanol and 933,882 metric tons of distillers grains in December according to data released by the USDA on Feb. 8. Exports of both products were up when compared to December 2020. ClearFlame: Heavy-duty truck now driving on 100% ethanol ClearFlame Engine Technologies has successfully completed an 'on-road' demonstration of its proprietary technology that enables a heavy-duty truck diesel engine to operate on 100 percent renewable plant-based fuels. U.S. fuel ethanol production fell nearly 5 percent the week ending Feb. 4, dipping below 1 million barrels per day for the first time since October 2021, according to data released by the EIA on Feb. 9. Ethanol stocks were down 4 percent. USDA maintains 2021-'22 forecast for corn use in ethanol The USDA maintained its forecast for 2021-'22 corn use in ethanol in its latest World Agricultural Supply and Demand Estimates report, released Feb. 9. The forecasts for 2021-'22 U.S. corn supply, use and price were also unchanged. Summit Carbon Solutions advances in South Dakota On the heels of submitting its pipeline permit application in Iowa in late January, Summit Carbon Solutions announced that it filed its pipeline permit application with the South Dakota Public Utilities Commission on Feb. 7. Aemetis to supply 90 million gallons of SAF to Japan Airlines Aemetis Inc. announced Feb. 9 that an offtake agreement has been signed with Japan Airlines (JAL) for 90 million gallons of blended sustainable aviation fuel (SAF) to be delivered over the seven-year term of the agreement. New RFA reports summarize 2021 ethanol, distillers grains trade A pair of new statistical reports released by the RFA demonstrate that U.S. exports of ethanol and distillers grains showed resilience in 2021 as the global economy continued to confront the COVID pandemic and supply chain challenges. EIA increases fuel ethanol production forecast for 2022 The U.S. Energy Information Administration increased its forecast for 2022 fuel ethanol production in its latest Short-Term Energy Outlook, released Feb. 8. The forecast for 2023 ethanol production was maintained. Lawmakers ask EPA to protect, strengthen the RFS Rep. Angie Craig, D-Minn., led several co-chairs of the bipartisan Congressional Biofuels Caucus in sending a letter to U.S. EPA Administrator Michael Regan on Feb. 7 urging the agency to protect and strengthen the Renewable Fuel Standard.

Q: C++ How to copy text in string (from i.e. 8 letter to 12 letter) This is not homework, I need this for my program :) I ask this question, because I searched for this in Google about 1 hour, and I don't find anything ready to run. I know that is trivial question, but if you will help me, you will make my day :) Question: How to copy text in string (from for example 8 letter to 12 letter) and send to other string? I have string: string s = "RunnersAreTheBestLovers"; and I want text from 8 letter to 17 letter in next string Alice90 A: The string class has a substr method: string t = s.substr(8, 9); The first parameter is the starting index and the second parameter is the number of characters to extract. A: I assume you're trying to get the 8th - 17th characters in a another string. If so you should use the substring method string::substr string s = "RunnersAreTheBestLovers"; string other = s.substr(8, 9); A: Check out the sections on copying and substrings: http://www.cprogramming.com/tutorial/string.html A: Take a look at the answers to this question. A: // For fun... Assuming 8 and 17 are index values, could be off by 1 // Treat s and a char[], C style. char *nextStringPtr = nextString; for(int i=8; i<17; i++) { *nextStringPtr++ = s[i]; } *nextStringPtr = 0;

Publications by Author: Christopher N. Beaumont Beaumont CN, Goodman AA, Kendrew S, Williams JP, Simpson R. The Milky Way Project: Leveraging Citizen Science and Machine Learning to Detect Interstellar Bubbles. The Astrophysical Journal Supplement Series. 2014;214 :3. Publisher's VersionAbstract We present Brut, an algorithm to identify bubbles in infrared images of the Galactic midplane. Brut is based on the Random Forest algorithm, and uses bubbles identified by >35,000 citizen scientists from the Milky Way Project to discover the identifying characteristics of bubbles in images from the Spitzer Space Telescope . We demonstrate that Brut's ability to identify bubbles is comparable to expert astronomers. We use Brut to re-assess the bubbles in the Milky Way Project catalog, and find that 10%-30% of the objects in this catalog are non-bubble interlopers. Relative to these interlopers, high-reliability bubbles are more confined to the mid-plane, and display a stronger excess of young stellar objects along and within bubble rims. Furthermore, Brut is able to discover bubbles missed by previous searches—particularly bubbles near bright sources which have low contrast relative to their surroundings. Brut demonstrates the synergies that exist between citizen scientists, professional scientists, and machine learning techniques. In cases where "untrained" citizens can identify patterns that machines cannot detect without training, machine learning algorithms like Brut can use the output of citizen science projects as input training sets, offering tremendous opportunities to speed the pace of scientific discovery. A hybrid model of machine learning combined with crowdsourced training data from citizen scientists can not only classify large quantities of data, but also address the weakness of each approach if deployed alone. beaumont_2014_arxiv.pdf Beaumont CN, Offner SSR, Shetty R, Glover SCO, Goodman AA. Quantifying Observational Projection Effects Using Molecular Cloud Simulations. The Astrophysical Journal. 2013;777 :173. Publisher's VersionAbstract The physical properties of molecular clouds are often measured using spectral-line observations, which provide the only probes of the clouds' velocity structure. It is hard, though, to assess whether and to what extent intensity features in position-position-velocity (PPV) space correspond to "real" density structures in position-position-position (PPP) space. In this paper, we create synthetic molecular cloud spectral-line maps of simulated molecular clouds, and present a new technique for measuring the reality of individual PPV structures. Using a dendrogram algorithm, we identify hierarchical structures in both PPP and PPV space. Our procedure projects density structures identified in PPP space into corresponding intensity structures in PPV space and then measures the geometric overlap of the projected structures with structures identified from the synthetic observation. The fractional overlap between a PPP and PPV structure quantifies how well the synthetic observation recovers information about the three-dimensional structure. Applying this machinery to a set of synthetic observations of CO isotopes, we measure how well spectral-line measurements recover mass, size, velocity dispersion, and virial parameter for a simulated star-forming region. By disabling various steps of our analysis, we investigate how much opacity, chemistry, and gravity affect measurements of physical properties extracted from PPV cubes. For the simulations used here, which offer a decent, but not perfect, match to the properties of a star-forming region like Perseus, our results suggest that superposition induces a 40% uncertainty in masses, sizes, and velocity dispersions derived from 13 CO ( J = 1-0). As would be expected, superposition and confusion is worst in regions where the filling factor of emitting material is large. The virial parameter is most affected by superposition, such that estimates of the virial parameter derived from PPV and PPP information typically disagree by a factor of 2. This uncertainty makes it particularly difficult to judge whether gravitational or kinetic energy dominate a given region, since the majority of virial parameter measurements fall within a factor of two of the equipartition level α 2. Beaumont CN, Williams JP, Goodman AA. Classifying Structures in the Interstellar Medium with Support Vector Machines: The G16.05-0.57 Supernova Remnant. The Astrophysical Journal. 2011;741 :14. Publisher's VersionAbstract We apply Support Vector Machines (SVMs)—a machine learning algorithm—to the task of classifying structures in the interstellar medium (ISM). As a case study, we present a position-position-velocity (PPV) data cube of 12 CO J = 3-2 emission toward G16.05-0.57, a supernova remnant that lies behind the M17 molecular cloud. Despite the fact that these two objects partially overlap in PPV space, the two structures can easily be distinguished by eye based on their distinct morphologies. The SVM algorithm is able to infer these morphological distinctions, and associate individual pixels with each object at >90% accuracy. This case study suggests that similar techniques may be applicable to classifying other structures in the ISM—a task that has thus far proven difficult to automate. svm_beaumont_2011.pdf

We were we all created on purpose for a purpose. Spring 2016 I started a journey of finding my purpose. At the time, I was a 25 year old single mom who was focusing way too hard on finding a mate. I was searching everywhere, literally everywhere, to find the answer to where was my mate. This search started me on my journey of everything love. A journey I had no idea I was about to embark on because I was just trying to find a man. Like every other millennial my search started with Google, because Google knows everything. I was searching for something or someone to relate to. Something to help me feel like I wasn't alone in my desire to be in a God-centered relationship. I just knew that I couldn't be the only 25 year old who was tired of being single. Well, Google failed me I could not find one person that I could connect too. It was plenty of married women talking about their single season, but I was looking for someone who was living the single life. So as I sat with God in my quiet time it hit me, I should just start my own blog. And that is where the vision came from for The King's Daughter was born. I was so fired up to start something that I knew was my passion. I knew this was my purpose. This past year has taken me right back to where I started Spring 2016. Except this time I knew my purpose, and I had not done anything to bring it to life. I have pushed off and avoided starting this blog for the past 18 months. God has convicted me so many times about not moving forward with something he told me to do and I provided him every excuse in the book. I honestly started to convince myself that I was not called to start a blog. What would I even talk about? Would people even read it? I started asking God is he sure this is what he wanted me to do. I was asking God to show me why I should start a blog, when in all actuality I should have been jumping at the opportunity to be used by God. So here we are 18 months later and I am finally being obedient. Finally stepping out on faith. Moral of this post: God has the how, he just needs you to do. Just do what God has told (aka graced) you to do. If you don't, you will always end up right back where you started and still having to do the thing God has called you to do. I am so excited that you are here and I hope you continue to join me as I share what God has placed on my heart. I pray that God uses me and this blog for his glory and every person who comes to this page is blessed. You can connect with The King's Daughter on Facebook and Instagram.

2014 will mark HOT LIST's 34th year. Since 2011, The HOT LIST has recognized the best, brightest and hottest in media and advertising across print, digital and television. Categories (57 in total) span from Hottest Magazine, Digital Brand and Television Show of the Year, to Hottest Publisher, Digital Creative and TV Producer among many others. ADWEEK's first Media Visionary was awarded last year to Bob Pittman, Chairman and CEO of Clear Channel Communications, who accepted alongside the Hot List and Reader's Choice winners, at the inaugural gala.

When Patton Oswalt was born in 1969, his parents were unaware of what a fabulous boy they had brought into this world. We can only imagine the entertainment that went on during family meals as he grew up. As an adult, the world grew to love the man behind the smile and quirky facial expressions. As an actor, Oswalt's ability to slide into characters such as the voice of Remy in the movie 'Ratatouille' or the hilarious role of Spence on 'The King of Queens' appeared to be flawless. His personal life also appeared flawless as he married his love Michelle McNamara in the year 2005. In 2009 the couple were blessed with their beautiful daughter, Alice. Just a short time later, Oswalt would feel the world he built crumbling down around him. In April of 2016, Patton Oswalt lost his wonderfully talented wife as death took her from the family that she adored. Depression and heartache do not discriminate. Emotions do not care if you are the President of a large country or a single mother working two jobs to keep food on the table. These same emotions do not care what color your skin is, and they do not care how large your bank account may be. Smiles, jokes, and laughter are coping mechanisms that many people display to the world as a way to hide from the pain. They will slide on the comedy persona to not only keep their emotions pushed to the side, but to also to keep others from finding out what these emotions are. This is a sad reality for anyone who has lived under a dark blanket for any length of time, but for those who live under constant appraisal of the public, it appears even darker, and many never find a way to free those emotions, to find just a fragment of light. "You will have been shown new levels of humanity and grace and intelligence by your family and friends. They will show up for you, physically and emotionally, in ways which make you take careful note, and say to yourself, "Make sure to try to do that for someone else someday." Complete strangers will send you genuinely touching messages on Facebook and Twitter, or will somehow figure out your address to send you letters which you'll keep and re-read 'cause you can't believe how helpful they are. And, if you're a parent? You'll wish you were your kid's age, because the way they embrace despair and joy are at a purer level that you're going to have to reconnect with, to reach backwards through years of calcified cynicism and ironic detachment" (Oswalt, 2016 Thanks, grief. In 1969 Elisabeth Kübler-Ross outlined the stages of grief, and this outline has become universally accepted as the normal human approach to loss. We do not all progress through these stages in order, but eventually, if we allow ourselves to go through the grieving process, we do seem to go through them at some point in time. The stages include denial and isolation, anger, bargaining, depression, and eventually acceptance (Axelrod, J. (2016). The 5 Stages of Loss & Grief. Psych Central. "102 days into this. I was face-down and frozen for weeks. It's 102 days later and I can confidently say I have reached a point where I'm crawling. Which, objectively, is an improvement. Maybe 102 days later…I'll be walking" (Oswalt, 2016).

Negotiations resume following equal pay strike The solidly supported two-day strike by around 8000 local government workers in Glasgow was successful in getting the council back to the negotiating table. The strike was over the council's failure to deal with longstanding demands for equal pay for a wide range of low-paid women workers in care, catering, cleaning, school support and other services. The strike on 23-24 October was called by the GMB and UNISON trade unions and UNISON now reports that initial talks with the council have been positive and constructive. EPSU, PSI and many affiliates sent messages of support. epsucob: 2018 November epsucob@NEWS 21 2018 October epsucob@NEWS 20 Massive strike for equal pay Over 8000 workers employed by Glasgow City Council in Scotland took strike action on 23-24 October to put pressure on their employer to deliver equal pay. The dispute dates back as far as 2006 when a new pay scheme was supposed to end to pay inequality based on gender. Instead, its implementation introduced new discriminatory measures. The action involved women in a wide range of jobs, including school administration workers, learning support workers in schools, nursery workers, home carers, cleaners and catering workers. Union puts forwards measures on gender equality Responding to a government consultation the IMPACT public services union has called for a number of initiatives on on equal pay and gender equality, including requirements on employers to report on the gender pay gap and recognition of employers who take action to reduce gender equality. The union has submitted detailed proposals for action to address pay for non-teaching staff in education including pay reviews and job evaluation for a range of staff such as special needs assistants and administrative and library staff, the vast majority of whom are women. 2017 May epsucob@NEWS 08 Unions call for negotiations following pay commission report (May 2017) Public sector trade unions want to see a swift move to negotiations following publication of the advisory report of the Public Services Pay Commission. The report focuses on average pay developments in the public and private sector and notes the extent to which public sector pay is on average lower than before the crisis. Public sector unions want to make significant progress towards recovering the lost purchasing power of many of their members since 2008. SIPTU CPSU

This is so cool, I found this web site for giving your robots name a meaning. Check it out it's allot of fun coming up with names for your bot. EDIT: Just in case you didn't notice, we blogged (http://blog.trossenrobotics.com/) about this too Tymtravler, thanks again!

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With high gas prices and global warming on many people's minds, consumers are looking for ways they can participate in energy conservation and reduce their carbon footprint. And while you may not be ready to buy a Toyota Prius or install solar panels in your home, there a number of everyday things you can do to adopt a green living lifestyle and contribute to energy conservation. Learn how to be eco-friendly and protect the environment without breaking the bank with these 10 Energy Saving Tips. Think green and plant trees. If you're wondering how to be eco-friendly, one of the best – and greenest – ways is to plant trees around your yard or office. Trees are inexpensive, require little maintenance and act as filters by constantly removing air pollution from the atmosphere. > Recycle. Recycling is still one of the most effective ways to reduce waste and lessen demand for the use of new natural resources. A growing number of communities now offer the service for free or little charge and have recycling drop-off centers that are easy to access. > Shop at a farmers market instead of a chain grocery store. Buying locally helps energy conservation because it uses less fuel to get food to market. Added green living benefits include fewer pesticides used due to shorter time from farm to table, all while supporting the local economy. > Fly less. Airline flights account for an estimated 10 percent of all greenhouse gases. Encourage energy saving methods at your work by taking advantage of video conferencing or telecommuting if the business situation permits. > Take advantage of public transportation or carpooling. The fuel you'll conserve will add less CO2 to the environment and keep more dollars in your wallet. > Become an energy efficient home. Install energy saving light bulbs and low flow shower heads in your home. You'll save energy and your energy conservation efforts will result will be reflected in your bill. > Learn how to be eco-friendly in your home. Use eco-friendly cleaning products around the house and yard. The price difference is minimal and many of the eco-friendly products have been shown to clean just as well as their less-green counterparts. Instead of cleaning with paper towels, get into the routine of using old towels, t-shirts or rags to save on additional waste. > Buy reusable shopping bags. Considering your energy saving efforts, you should no longer ask yourself the question of "paper or plastic." Canvas totes are now widely available at most grocery stores and are cheap, sturdy alternatives to traditional shopping bags. > Green living and green entertaining. When the next opportunity to entertain presents itself, whether it be a family function, backyard BBQ or dinner party, use real plates, cups and silverware. You'll reduce waste and create a more hospitable environment for your guests. Regardless of your current green living status, these helpful tips on how to be eco-friendly can help protect the environment without breaking the bank and can be easily applied to your daily routine. Start slow and try adopting a new energy saving method each month and the results will be gratifying.

Rainer Kersten (* 15. Dezember 1964 in Bebra) ist ein deutscher Übersetzer. Leben Rainer Kersten studierte von 1986 bis 1993 Germanistik, Niederlandistik und Romanistik in Berlin und Amsterdam und schloss sein Studium mit dem Magistergrad ab. Kersten übersetzt erzählende Literatur, Theaterstücke und Sachbücher aus dem Niederländischen ins Deutsche. 1995 erhielt er einen Förderpreis des Berliner Senats. 2014 wurde er für die Übersetzung von Dimitri Verhulsts Roman Der Bibliothekar, der lieber dement war als zu Hause bei seiner Frau mit dem renommierten Else-Otten-Übersetzerpreis vom Flämischen Literaturfonds und der Niederländischen Stiftung für Literatur ausgezeichnet. Kersten ist Mitglied im Verband deutschsprachiger Übersetzer literarischer und wissenschaftlicher Werke (VdÜ). Rainer Kersten lebt und arbeitet in Berlin, Antwerpen und Amsterdam. Auszeichnungen 1995: Förderpreis des Berliner Senats 2002: NRW-Literaturpreis 2014: Else-Otten-Übersetzerpreis 2021: Barthold-Heinrich-Brockes-Stipendium Übersetzungen Willem Bijsterbosch: Der Leibsklave, Berlin 1996 Paul Binnerts: Real time acting, Berlin [u. a.] 2014 Der blauäugige Oktopus, Frankfurt am Main 1996 Martine Carton: Fatmas Geschichte, Frankfurt am Main 1997 Arnon Grunberg: Amour fou, Zürich 2002 Arnon Grunberg: Blauer Montag, Zürich 1997 Arnon Grunberg: Couchsurfen und andere Schlachten, Zürich 2013 Arnon Grunberg: Gnadenfrist, Zürich 2006 Arnon Grunberg: Der Heilige des Unmöglichen, Zürich 2007 Arnon Grunberg: Der jüdische Messias, Zürich 2013 Arnon Grunberg: Der Mann, der nie krank war, Köln 2014 Arnon Grunberg: Mit Haut und Haaren, Zürich 2012 Arnon Grunberg: Mitgenommen, Zürich 2010 Arnon Grunberg: Monogam, Zürich 2003 Arnon Grunberg: Phantomschmerz, Zürich 2003 Arnon Grunberg: Statisten, Zürich 1999 Arnon Grunberg: Tirza, Zürich 2008 Arnon Grunberg: Der Vogel ist krank, Zürich 2005 Tom Lanoye: Atropa, Frankfurt am Main 2010 Tom Lanoye: Mamma Medea. Mefisto forever, Frankfurt am Main 2007 Tom Lanoye: Metzgerssohn mit schriller Brille und andere Geschichten, Hildesheim 1995 Tom Lanoye: Pappschachteln oder Wie sag ich's ihm?, Berlin 2006 Tom Lanoye: Schlachten!, Frankfurt am Main 1999 (übersetzt zusammen mit Klaus Reichert) Herman Pleij: Der Traum vom Schlaraffenland, Frankfurt am Main 2000 Peter Verhelst: Romeo und Julia, Frankfurt am Main 2002 Dimitri Verhulst: Die Beschissenheit der Dinge, München 2007 Dimitri Verhulst: Der Bibliothekar, der lieber dement war als zu Hause bei seiner Frau, München 2014 Dimitri Verhulst: Gottverdammte Tage auf einem gottverdammten Planeten, München 2010 Dimitri Verhulst: Die letzte Liebe meiner Mutter, München 2011 Dimitri Verhulst: Madame Verona steigt den Hügel hinab, München 2008 Dimitri Verhulst: Monolog einer Frau, die in die Gewohnheit verfiel, mit sich selbst zu reden, Bielefeld 2013 Pieter Waterdrinker: Die Hochzeit von Zandvoort, Berlin 2007 Ilja Leonard Pfeijffer: Das schönste Mädchen von Genua, Berlin 2016 Peter Terrin: Der Wachmann : Roman; aus dem Niederländischen von Rainer Kersten. Liebeskind, München 2018, ISBN 978-3-95438-085-5. Dimitri Verhulst: Das Leben, von unten gesehen : Roman; btb Verlag, München 2020, ISBN 978-3-442-71783-5. Peter Terrin: Blanko : Roman; Liebeskind, München 2021, ISBN 978-3-95438-125-8. Arnon Grunberg: Besetzte Gebiete : Roman; Kiepenheuer & Witsch, Jöln 2021, ISBN 978-3-462-00106-8. Johan de Boose: Das Fluchholz : Roman; btb Verlag, München 2021, ISBN 978-3-442-77113-4. Hanna Bervoets: Flauschig : Roman; btb Verlag, München 2021, ISBN 978-3-442-77048-9. Peter Terrin: Alles Blau der Welt : Roman; Liebeskind, München 2023, ISBN 978-3-95438-159-3. Weblinks Kersten in der Übersetzer-Datenbank des Verbands deutschsprachiger Übersetzer literarischer und wissenschaftlicher Werke, VdÜ, 2019 Einzelnachweise Übersetzer aus dem Niederländischen Übersetzer ins Deutsche Person (Berlin) Deutscher Geboren 1964 Mann

WE NEED YOUR HELP. LET'S TRACK THE TWIN PORT'S GROWTH TOGETHER. DEVELOPMENTSCOUTS are responsible for reporting on developments within an assigned neighborhood within the Twin Ports. We see these positions as something almost like a hobby. The reason why is that most likely there will only be a few projects going on in the neighborhood at a time. Trust us, if it gets to be more than a few we'll be sure to add another DEVELOPMENTSCOUT in order to help out. We only require a few things of our DEVELOPMENTSCOUTS. See below. You are able to check on developments at least once a week. You have a vehicle or a form of transportation. You are able to produce high quality photos (whether that be from an actual camera or phone, we don't care). You do this out of love and enjoyment, not out of requirement. Unfortunately at the moment there will not be compensation for this position. We hope that within the next few months we will be able to begin compensating our DEVELOPMENTSCOUTS for their time and effort.

Cookbooks Empire review – This is a terrific course that will discover how to write easy cookbooks from zero, revealing 10 secrets sub-genres and how to publish them on Kindle market place. Cookbooks Empire is easy to write, you can have one ready in a couple of days and it will sell like hotcakes! Cookbooks Empire review – What is it? Cookbooks Empire is a powerfully complete course by Alessandro Zamboni, along with his partner Lucrezia Aria for writing cookbooks in the easiest possible way. Cooking is one of Alessandro's hobbies and passions, and he has done it since he was just 6 years old. He is the only person who can talk about cookbooks, and tell you all the secrets! Inside this Cookbooks Empire, you will discover a lot of insider's secrets to keep your creative talent above he standards. Inside this course, you will discover how to create Cookbooks about 10 secret Sub-genres, even if you have zero ideas! 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NFL Nation Choose Blog...NFL NationAFC NorthBaltimore RavensCleveland BrownsCincinnati BengalsPittsburgh SteelersAFC SouthHouston TexansIndianapolis ColtsJacksonville JaguarsTennessee TitansAFC EastBuffalo BillsMiami DolphinsNew England PatriotsNew York JetsAFC WestDenver BroncosKansas City ChiefsLas Vegas RaidersLos Angeles ChargersNFC NorthChicago BearsDetroit LionsGreen Bay PackersMinnesota VikingsNFC SouthAtlanta FalconsNew Orleans SaintsCarolina PanthersTampa Bay BuccaneersNFC EastDallas CowboysNew York GiantsPhiladelphia EaglesWashingtonNFC WestArizona CardinalsLos Angeles RamsSan Francisco 49ersSeattle Seahawks Steelers move to 10-0, set sights on AFC North battle with Ravens 57dBrooke Pryor NFL overhaul tiers: Which teams will look most different in 2021? 5hJeremy Fowler The highest-graded NFL players this season: Best overall, plus surprises and top rookies 6hBen Linsey, PFF Source: Steelers expected to pick Canada as OC 2dBrooke Pryor Steelers not renewing contract of OC Fichtner NFL experts debate: Deshaun Watson trade fits, who's on upset alert and Steelers' future 5dESPN NFL Experts NFL rookie rankings: Herbert or Jefferson? Young or Chinn? Ranking the best first-years 5dJeff Legwold Ben Roethlisberger's $41.2 million decision looms large for Steelers Tomlin on Steelers' collapse: We 'died on the vine' 'What in the world?' Browns pounce on Steelers from jump with 28 first-quarter points 8dJake Trotter Is Big Ben done? Could Deshaun Watson really be traded? Judging five NFL overreactions 7dDan Graziano Brooke PryorESPN Staff Writer Previously covered the Kansas City Chiefs for the Kansas City Star and Oklahoma University for the Oklahoman. The Pittsburgh Steelers outlasted an inferior Jacksonville Jaguars team on Sunday with a 27-3 victory to push their historic season to a 10-0 start. But a much tougher task awaits them in just four short days. The Steelers will host the Baltimore Ravens in a Thanksgiving night matchup at Heinz Field with an opportunity to further distance themselves from the Ravens in the AFC North and the field for the top AFC seed in the playoffs. The Ravens (6-4) lost to the Tennessee Titans 30-24 in overtime on Sunday. Follow the NFL all season long Everything you need this week: • Full schedule » | Standings » • Depth charts for every team » • Transactions » | Injuries » • Football Power Index rankings » More NFL coverage » And instead of stumbling in a potential trap game, the Steelers enter the Ravens rematch coming off two mostly dominant performances against the Cincinnati Bengals and Jaguars (1-9) -- an encouraging sign after nearly losing their undefeated season on the road against the Dallas Cowboys three weeks ago. The Steelers are the 18th team in the Super Bowl era to start a season 10-0, and 10 of the previous 17 teams reached the Super Bowl -- the most recent being the 2015 Carolina Panthers, according to ESPN Stats & Information. And six of the previous 17 teams won the Super Bowl, most recently the 2009 New Orleans Saints. The Steelers will enter Thursday's pivotal game mostly healthy, though the biggest concern is the availability of Joe Haden and JuJu Smith-Schuster, who both sustained injuries Sunday. Haden got injured on a tackle of Jaguars rookie running back James Robinson in the third quarter. He came back out for a series but was replaced by Cam Sutton in the fourth. Smith-Schuster also had to come to the sideline in the fourth quarter but returned after being looked at by team athletic trainers. As he jogged off at the end of a play a few minutes later, Smith-Schuster appeared to step on an official's flag and sustain a toe injury. He limped off the field and got more medical attention on the sideline. He didn't come back into the game after the injury, but as Smith-Schuster limped around the bench area, the broadcast reported he would have been able to come back in if necessary. Steelers receivers celebrate Chase Claypool's 31-yard touchdown catch in the second quarter. Michael Reaves/Getty Images The Steelers had an opportunity to get Smith-Schuster and the rest of the starters out earlier with a 17-3 lead at halftime, but the offense stalled out in the third quarter, and the Steelers had to punt three times after converting just 1 of 5 third downs. Instead of spending the entire fourth quarter getting a head start on healing up for Thursday's game, the Steelers' starters had to grind out a nine-play, 45-yard drive in the opening minutes of the fourth quarter to take a 20-3 lead on Chris Boswell's second field goal of the day. And after Terrell Edmunds' second interception of the day, the Steelers sealed the win with a 20-yard touchdown pass from Roethlisberger to Eric Ebron. When the next Jacksonville possession ended with Minkah Fitzpatrick's second interception of the afternoon, Roethlisberger remained on the bench, and Mason Rudolph took over for the final five minutes. QB breakdown: Roethlisberger had an adequate performance Sunday, but more importantly, he's healthy. Roethlisberger completed 32 of 46 attempts for 267 yards, 2 touchdowns and an interception, and he tested the deep ball a couple of times, too. He spread the ball around to his receivers, but especially stoked the connection with second-year receiver Diontae Johnson, who had 12 catches on 16 targets for 111 yards -- his second consecutive 100-yard game. Promising trend: Run-game returns. Welcome back, James Conner. No, the Steelers running back didn't technically go anywhere, but he's been all but invisible in the past three games, averaging 35 yards per game. He returned to form against the Jaguars, rushing for 87 yards on 11 carries. The Steelers, though, didn't just rely on Conner. Benny Snell Jr. scored his third touchdown of the season on a 1-yard carry. Involving more running backs took some of the load off Tomlin's lead back, but most of their carries were ineffective and oddly timed on second-and-longs that put the Steelers further behind the sticks and often forced them to punt. Promising trend: Pick party. Edmunds didn't have a single interception entering Sunday's game. Now he's leaving Jacksonville with two. Edmunds nabbed two of rookie quarterback Jake Luton's passes, including one in the fourth quarter that he tipped to himself. He wasn't the only Steelers safety to feast off Luton. Fitzpatrick grabbed a ball near the end zone and returned it 37 yards in the second quarter. And, like Edmunds, Fitzpatrick also got a second interception in the fourth quarter as he dove to snag Luton's errant pass. Promising trend: Sack attack. With Stephon Tuitt's third-quarter sack, the Steelers have now registered at least one sack in 67 consecutive regular-season games, good for the longest active streak in the NFL and the longest in regular-season franchise history. THe Steelers finished with two sacks, the second one courtesy of Bud Dupree.

Brand X Pictures/Thinkstock(NEW YORK) -- Because of limited job growth in America, consumers have cut back in spending reports Bloomberg. In the second quarter, state and local governments have also slashed budgets. With looming U.S. tax changes and the European debt crisis in effect, the American economy is in a weary state. Jupiterimages/Thinkstock(WASHINGTON) -- It pays to work for the government. Compared with private sector employees, federal workers are paid about 16 percent more when benefits including health insurance, retirement plans and paid vacation are taken into account, according to a new report from the Congressional Budget Office. While wages are fairly equal, on average, between public and private employees, the benefit packages for government workers far outpace those of their counterparts in private businesses. Federal employee benefits cost about 48 percent more than benefits for private employees from 2005 to 2010, the CBO report shows. "The differences in compensation, the issue is are you taking your compensation up front or are you taking it over your lifetime in terms of a better pension," said Linda Barrington, managing director of our Institute for Compensation Studies at Cornell University. The federal government spent about $200 billion on employee salaries and benefits in fiscal year 2011, according to the CBO. And at a time when the federal deficit is set to exceed $1 trillion for the fourth year running, that taxpayer-funded compensation is a prime target for many budget-cutters. Two GOP presidential candidates -- Mitt Romney and Ron Paul -- have vowed to shrink the federal workforce by 10 percent. Paul calls for the immediate elimination of five entire departments: Interior (70,000 employees), Commerce (56,800 employees), Energy (16,000 employees), Education (4,400 employees) and Housing and Urban Development (9,500 employees). Together these departments employed about 156,700 people in 2010, according to Census data. Romney said he will chop the public payrolls through attrition, not layoffs. But the size of the federal workforce is already shrinking. Public sector employment has decreased in 18 of the past 24 months, according to the Bureau of Labor Statistics, while private sector employment has increased in all but two of those months. From 2008 to 2010 the federal workforce, not counting postal employees, shrunk by 20,000 people, according to Census data. Federal salaries, on the other hand, went up by nearly $4,000, on average, over the same time period, despite a federal pay freeze that's been in place for the past two years. One explanation for why federal workers are more expensive than their private sector counterparts is that they are often "older, more educated, and more concentrated in professional occupations," CBO director Douglas Elmendorf wrote in a blog post explaining the study. Government employees are, on average, about four years older than private employees. More than half of federal employees -- 51 percent -- have at least a bachelor's degree compared with 31 percent of non-government workers. People without a college degree are better off working for the government, while people with advanced degrees tend to make more in the private sector. Public employees with at most a high school diploma earned, on average, $4 per hour more than comparable private sector employees. Government workers with advanced degrees, like a graduate degree or Ph.D, on the other hand, earned about $15 per hour less working for the federal government than their counterparts in private businesses. TIM SLOAN/AFP/Getty Images(WASHINGTON) -- Home Depot is the target of a lawsuit for allegedly selling goods manufactured in China and other prohibited countries to U.S. government agencies in violation of the Buy American Act, according to court documents. The suit was filed in 2008 by two employees of another government contractor and alleges that "Home Depot had major sourcing operations in China for many years," as well as India, and that the company knew that certain brands and products were to be excluded from sale to U.S. government agencies because they were not compliant with the Trade Agreements Act. The suit also says, "Home Depot affirmatively misrepresented to federal government customers that its GSA-scheduled contract 'covered everything in our store.'" GSA is the federal General Services Administration, which supplies products for U.S. government offices. The Buy American Act and Trade Agreements Act work together to promote the purchase of U.S. goods or goods manufactured in countries when it serves the nation's economic interest. The Atlanta-based home improvement retailer, with more than 2,200 locations in four countries (including China), denies the allegations. "We would never knowingly sell prohibited goods under any circumstances, and we have been cooperating with the government to provide requested information," Home Depot spokesman Ron wrote in a statement. "We believe the plaintiffs have an inaccurate view of the facts, so we look forward to presenting our side of this case as the process moves forward." The plaintiffs' attorney, Paul D. Scott, said, "We're looking forward to having our day in court and having a jury of American citizens decide what they think of this case." The U.S. Department of Justice had no comment about the allegations. Bill Pugliano/Getty Images(STERLING HEIGHTS, Mich.) -- Chrysler on Tuesday celebrated the payback of the $7.6 billion dollar loan the automaker received from taxpayers to help keep the company afloat. Chrysler CEO Sergio Marchionne and White House advisor on manufacturing Ron Bloom made the announcement during a visit to a Sterling Heights, Mich., auto plant Tuesday. Just two years ago, the automaker was forced to file for bankruptcy. But last week, Chrysler entered into a loan and bond deal with private banks making it possible for the company to repay taxpayers sooner than expected. In a statement, President Obama hailed the company's payback as a "significant milestone for the turnaround of Chrysler and the countless communities and families who rely on the American auto industry." "This announcement comes six years ahead of schedule and just two years after emerging from bankruptcy, allowing Chrysler to build on its progress and continue to grow as the economy recovers," the president said. "While there is more work to be done, we are starting to see stronger sales, additional shifts at plants and signs of strength in the auto industry and our economy, a true testament to the resolve and determination of American workers across the nation." ABC News(WASHINGTON) -- Critics of the $800 billion in taxpayer money that made up the Obama administration's so-called stimulus package have more ammunition, as it has been revealed the federal government awarded $24 billion in Recovery Act funds to contractors and vendors who owe hundreds of millions in unpaid taxes. This, according to a new Government Accountability Office (GAO) report. The nonpartisan watchdog agency reported Tuesday that at least 3,700 recipients owed more than $750 million combined in unpaid federal taxes as of Sept. 30, 2009. They represent 5 percent of all recipients of the so-called stimulus funds. "For many years now, we've known that a small percentage of federal contractors and grantees who get paid with taxpayer dollars shirk their responsibility to pay their taxes," said Democratic Sen. Carl Levin of Michigan. "Now the executive branch should get on with it and actually debar the worst of the tax cheats from the contractor workforce." Levin, who chairs the Senate Permanent Investigations Committee, was to hold a hearing on the report Tuesday. The GAO said their report likely underestimates the total amount of unpaid taxes owed by stimulus recipients. Federal law does not require government agencies to check the tax compliance of prospective grantees. When pushing for the Recovery Act, President Obama promised the taxpayers' money would be watched carefully, even deputizing Vice President Joe Biden with overseeing the stimulus operation, because, as Obama put it, "nobody messes with Joe." Stockbyte/Thinkstock(WASHINGTON) -- The nation's employers increased payrolls by 244,000 during the month of April, beating economists' expectations, a government report showed Friday. The private sector, which factors out government layoffs and hiring, saw 268,000 workers added to payrolls -- the best monthly jobs growth from the private sector since February 2006. The nation's unemployment rate jumped, however, from 8.8 to 9 percent. "The reason you get that," said economist Hugh Johnson, "is even though you get a very strong increase in the number of jobs, you get a much bigger increase in the labor force," or the number of those who are actively pursuing work. Photo Courtesy - Getty Images(WASHINGTON) -- The federal government is cracking down on airlines and third-party ticketing sites that make it difficult for travelers to decipher who is really flying their plane. The U.S. Department of Transportation's Aviation Enforcement Office announced Monday it is giving airlines and online ticket agents 60 days to modify websites to make it easier for travelers to learn if their flight is being flown by a large airline like Continental or Delta or a smaller regional airline operating under the mainline carrier's banner. Under code-sharing, an airline sells tickets on flights that use the airline's code, but are actually operated by a different carrier. Longstanding DOT rules require airlines to disclose code-sharing arrangements to consumers before they book a flight, but legislation adopted in August 2010 has also clarified the requirements for Internet websites that sell airline tickets. "When passengers buy an airline ticket, they have the right to know which airline will be operating their flight," U.S. Transportation Secretary Ray LaHood said in a statement. "For years we've required airlines to inform consumers about code-sharing arrangements, and we'll be monitoring the industry closely to make sure they comply with the provisions of the new legislation." Federal law requires airlines and independent booking sites to disclose upfront when a flight is operated by somebody else, like a regional airline. But many sites never disclose the name of the actual airline or require several clicks to learn the identity. Photo Courtesy - Getty Images(LOS ANGELES) -- Fiji Water has announced it will be closing its facility in Fiji due to an increase in taxes. The company made the announcement on Monday, saying that the government's new 15-cent-per-liter tax was untenable, and as a result the company has no other choice but to close the facility. The Fiji government will impose the tax on bottled water locations where more than 3.5 million liters are extracted per month. Fiji Water falls in that category. Currently, the company pays one-third of one percent tax per liter of water. The company says as a result, it will be forced to cancel several large construction projects in Fiji and will have to cancel all ongoing purchases from local suppliers. Company officials say the government's action sends the message that the country is unstable and is becoming a risky place in which to invest.

Review Annual Competency (Click to View or Print Annual Competency). Print and sign Annual Competency Acknowledgement Form (Click for Acknowledgement Form) and return to Volunteer Office. Complete the Volunteer Evaluation (Click to Print Evaluation) with your immediate supervisor and return to the Volunteer Office. Receive annual flu vaccine in OHC or provide documentation to OHC that you received the vaccine. Please return signed Annual Competency Acknowledgement Form and Completed Evaluation to the volunteer office when you go to your Occupational Health Center appointment.

Doing Consulting During Your MBA—Here's How It Can Change Your Career We discuss how consulting during an MBA can enhance your career ©Pattanaphong Khuankaew via iStock* Shilpa, Kelly, and Olga took up consulting projects both for nonprofit and for-profit organizations during their MBA. Each one impacted their career in a different way By Jasmine Lee-Zogbessou The benefits of entering the consultancy industry are vast. With rarely a dull moment, professionals will constantly be introduced to a huge variety of projects throughout their career. Not to mention the impressive skillset acquired, from critical analysis to problem-solving, and the social impact one can make when dealing with important business challenges. The Full-time MBA at Alliance Manchester Business School (AMBS) gives professionals the chance to experience life as a consultant and hone these skills through three client consultancy projects—the Not-for-Profit Consultancy Project, the Commercial Business Consultancy Project, and the International Business Consultancy Project. A key part of the MBA program, these projects see students work with organizations to solve real business problems. For Shilpa Rasal, Kelly Higgins, and Olga Ramirez Pilares, the first two projects were particularly instrumental in shaping their careers. Shilpa Rasal (MBA '20)—Switching careers Shilpa (pictured) spent nearly three years working as a forensic professional for KPMG India before she decided to an MBA. A career in mainstream consulting seemed set in stone. That is until she started her MBA and undertook the first two consulting projects. For her first project, Shilpa worked with the nonprofit Environment Agency, a public body that protects and enhances the environment in England. With a team of her peers, she explored how green spaces can increase the value of property. Through the project, she learned how infrastructure and community development can take place at a public level, and how to maximize what can be achieved with limited funds. Most of all, she saw the need for MBA graduates in nonprofits. "Nonprofits need an eye for detail, a professional business approach to the problems they're facing, and smart and quick decision making, which can optimize the use of their resources," Shilpa says. "People who come from commercial backgrounds, such as myself, have no idea what context nonprofits are working in. This project gave us the insight that there is a desperate need for the nonprofits to adopt a more business-like setup." For the Commercial Business Consultancy Project, Shilpa explains that students are given a brief of their client's expectations and must then bid for the project. The client then decides whose project pitch is the best and the chosen students are tasked with delivering it. "It's a really intense, competitive, real-life client pitching environment here," Shilpa says. "I didn't have any idea about how the actual client pitching exercises happen at an organization and this gave me insight into it." Although Shilpa enjoyed both projects, the nonprofit task had the biggest effect on her. Determined to pursue a career with impact, she's already landed an internship at the United Nations and is looking to switch from forensics to work in international development after her MBA. "I'm a step closer to my transition and a dream job," she says. Kelly Higgins (MBA '14)—Building teams When it came to her career path, Manchester alumna, Kelly (pictured) knew that she wanted to make an impact on her community and improve the lives of underprivileged people. When looking for an MBA program to support her goals, the AMBS MBA stood out as a perfect match due to the Not-for-Profit Consultancy Project. During the program, she figured out a costing model for After Adoption, a national charity and adoption agency, and while her pre-MBA expertise in social work was a great advantage, her team members gave her additional insight. "There were people on my team that came from finance, or general consultancy, or engineering," she says. "To see the way they dissected the problem and to be able to learn from their skillset and then lend my perspective was really useful." Kelly has now returned to the US and is the director of Centerstone's adult and family centers for mental health. "Working with people from different cultures and getting really good feedback about myself in those various contexts was invaluable," she says. "That really helped me learn to be more thoughtful in my communication, to be clearer and to take into account more about understanding my audience as I am speaking to them." Olga Ramirez Pilares (MBA '17)—Going outside your comfort zone Olga (pictured) decided to pursue an MBA to give herself a competitive edge. She originally worked as a computer engineer for various companies, from banking to software institutions. But she soon realized she wanted to pursue a career in project management instead. Both the Commercial Business and Not-for-Profit consultancy projects stood out to Olga. She enjoyed working in teams. However, she wasn't always familiar with the topic areas, which involved bank processes between countries and supporting families with serious childhood illnesses. "That pushed me outside of my comfort zone," she says. "Not being an expert in a topic forced me to investigate it further." Originally from Peru, South America, Olga wasn't used to working with vastly international teams. Now as a project manager for Adidas Germany, she is using the insight she gained from both consultancy projects. "I learned that there are other points of view when working in a team, as well as different behaviors. That gave me the confidence to work with international people, and as my current job is very international too, I feel comfortable here. "That confidence is driving my career now." *Featured image used under this licence Next Alliance Manchester Business School Reads : 3 Ways A Part-Time MBA Will Boost Your Career International Consulting Experience Puts Manchester MBAs In High Demand Blended Learning: Why You Should Consider A Blended MBA Using An MBA To Advance Your Career In Banking

another iconic bare tree, this time in pewter. i don't know what it is with me and bare trees, but i just think they're so cool. i made this one for my urban prairie collection. i felt like it needed a little something, so i added a tiny peridot to swing from the branches, wrapped with oxidized sterling silver wire. in keeping with the simple, timeless theme, i knotted it on a thin black leather cord. i wanted to keep it spare and classic. it's available at my etsy store for $26 USD. and i'm still donating $5 to red cross for every item purchased from my etsy store! mmm…it's so pretty i could eat it! i love the warm rich yellow of golden yellow chalcedony–and this faceted one pairs perfectly with micro-faceted garnets and hessonite garnets. the deep colors remind me of caramel! mmm, caramel. i think the sterling silver might get stuck in your teeth, though, so this one is best worn around the neck. i just want to wear it to ward off the doom and gloom of the rain clouds on their way. this one-of-a-kind necklace measures 19 inches, though i'd be happy to shorten it for you, and it's available at my etsy store for $50 USD and arrives, as usual, nestled safely in my handmade paper box. and i'm still donating to the red cross: $5 for every item purchased through my etsy store! and for everyone who 'hearts' my store by adding me to their etsy favorites (you'll need to sign up for an account if you don't already have one, but it's free) i'll donate $1, no purchase required. check it out! this pendant is a cool combination of found and made objects; a pendant that i made by antiquing a brass charm and encasing an image and a few watch gears in epoxy, a hand-hammered copper ring, two adventurine beads on an antiqued sterling silver headpin, and a found charm that says 'always'. then i strung it on a copper chain that i antiqued as well. mixed metal sentiment. what a cool declaration! i really like that the oxidation/antiquing colored the epoxy to make it look aged as well. a total success! it'll be up on my etsy store soon, as part of the new jalopy collection, with more to follow! i've just rearranged my etsy store for–what i hope is–easier navigation. instead of having things listed by earrings, necklaces, etc., i've moved things around into collections. now you can find all the funky items grouped together for example. if you want something natural, they're all together, too. delicas contains my finer more delicate pieces, like the winter blues necklace to the left. here you'll find jewelry that is simple, elegant, and made exclusively of sterling silver (or gold upon request) semi-precious stones, pearls, and silk. urban prairie is a collection inspired by nature and contains a wider variety of materials. you'll still find sterling silver and semi-precious stones, but you'll also find pieces containing wood, shell, and sea glass. these pieces tend to be more substantial, and natural but with a modern feel. new jalopy will have all of my jewelry that strikes me as fun and funky. you'll find vintage lucite, like in the earrings at the left, as well as vintage german glass and other metals, like copper and gunmetal. bees knees paperie for those of you who have wanted to purchase my handmade origami boxes in fun prints. need 'em in a certain color of theme? custom order! i'll also have my handmade paper and ribbon tags. perfect for tucking in gifts or using as thank you notes (that's how i use 'em!). of course, i'll continue to make quality items with an attention to detail no matter what! hope you'll visit my etsy store to check out the new changes! when i saw these gorgeous bali sterling silver beads, i just had to have them! they are hand-carved with a beautiful open scrollwork. and because they're hollow, they're surprisingly lightweight. i struggled with the perfect accent for them, but they really are the accent, so i just added small swarovski crystals and hung them from sterling silver earwires. earrings measure just under 1.5 inches in length, including earwires. they're available at my etsy store for $42 USD and arrive in my handmade paper box via usps priority mail. ps – for a limited time, i will donate $5 for each item purchased through my etsy store to the aid organization of your choice for haiti. participate in 'hearts for haiti', too–add my store to your favorites list and i'll donate a $1 to red cross, whether or not you make a purchase. in addition to my own donation, my etsy store has raised $19 for the alleviation of suffering in haiti (donated to the red cross). help me do more by going to my etsy store and making a purchase or adding my store to your etsy favorites. for each item purchased, i'll donate $5 to the red cross or aid organization of your choice. every time someone adds me as a favorite, i get a 'heart' added to my store (you'll need a free account). for each 'heart for haiti' that i get, i'll donate $1 to the red cross. free for you, help for haiti! i love orange! so i love carnelian, and these faceted beads are eye-catching and just flat out fabulous. i've paired them with 3 tiny micro-faceted beads of hessonite, an orange garnet, for maximum orange. the facets throw off the light as these individually wire-wrapped beads dangle from your ears. they're available at my etsy store for $38 USD. personally, i'd pair them with the pure warmth necklace. i'm still donating $5 for each item purchased through my etsy store to the aid organization of your choice to help the victims of the haiti earthquakes.

Member Advantage Your Elected Officials VA West Election Hub Visiting Virginia's Blue Ridge Leadership Roanoke Valley LRV Alumni Association Warner & Kaine Meet with Chambers of Commerce Along I-81 From the office of Senator Mark Warner: Today, U.S. Sens. Mark R. Warner and Tim Kaine (both D-VA) met with the I-81 Corridor Coalition, a group of leaders from local Chambers of Commerce looking to facilitate interstate commerce, improve safety, and reduce congestion in the western portion of Virginia. In their meeting, the local Chamber leaders updated the Senators on their efforts to find solutions to the safety and congestions challenges plaguing the corridor. Interstate-81 is a heavily trafficked freight corridor that serves as a key route for transportation and commerce for the eastern United States. In recent years, the interstate has faced multiple bottlenecks and heavy congestion that result in decreased efficiency and higher transportation travel times and costs for the region. The Virginia Department of Transportation (VDOT) has reported at least a 12 percent increase in traffic and a 55 percent increase of delays from crashes, construction, or bad weather in just the past five years. Most federal funding for infrastructure projects is distributed to states by a fixed formula, with decisions made primarily by the Commonwealth Transportation Board and VDOT. Additional federal dollars can be obtained by states through competitive grants, such as those awarded by the U.S. Department of Transportation's Infrastructure for Rebuilding America (INFRA) program. Last year, Virginia Governor Terry McAuliffe submitted an INFRA program application for nearly $53 million for improvements to I-81 in the Shenandoah Valley, which Sens. Warner and Kaine supported. Virginia Transportation Secretary Shannon Valentine recently outlined plans to begin a study on putting such tolls on the highway. While Congress can no longer earmark funds for projects like this, Warner and Kaine discussed how the local business leaders can join them in pushing the Trump Administration to introduce a real infrastructure plan with direct federal funding. Through additional direct federal dollars, there would be more funding available to states to use toward projects like I-81. "We support the coalition's goal to improve travel conditions on I-81, which is in desperate need of repairs after years of congestion and safety concerns," said the Senators. "We're hopeful that the Trump Administration will see the need for improving roads and bridges across the country and support an infrastructure plan with real federal investment to help communities like those along I-81 who cannot necessarily afford to create toll roads and raise taxes. As former Governors, we will continue lending our expertise to state legislators and local leaders so they can find a viable, long-term solution to the funding challenges facing this crucial transportation route for the region." The I-81 Corridor Coalition was created to improve the safety and efficiency of freight and passenger movement through the sharing of information and coordinated decision making, management, and operations. They represent the I-81 corridor and have membership from Tennessee, Virginia, West Virginia, Pennsylvania, Maryland, and New York. The group meeting with both Senators today included Richard Kennedy, CEO of the Top of Virginia Regional Chamber (Clarke County, Frederick County and Winchester); Annette Medlin, President and CEO of the Greater Augusta Chamber; Rebekah Gunn, Vice President of Public Policy & Strategic Issues for the Roanoke Regional Chamber; and Cally Smith, Vice President of Membership and Brand Strategy for the Roanoke Regional Chamber. Sens. Warner and Kaine have been longtime advocates of innovative financing mechanisms for the Commonwealth's infrastructure. Sen. Warner is the lead sponsor of bipartisan legislation to create a national infrastructure financing authority and as Governor, he began a process for improving I-81 by securing U.S. Department of Transportation (DOT) approval for a slot in a pilot program that would allow tolling on a limited basis. As Governor, Sen. Kaine supported transportation projects to address traffic congestion and expand transportation options in the Commonwealth. Chamber News December 2020 Chamber News November 2020 Chamber News October 2020 Chamber News September 2020 Chamber News August 2020 Improve I-81 – Public Meeting on August 28 We are in the midst of an important opportunity to improve I-81. As directed by SB971, a VDOT study is underway to develop an improvement plan for I-81 and evaluate financing options for the corridor. Public participation in this process, particularly from the business community, is critical as the economic impact of potential improvements and funding mechanisms are considered. While the primary focus has been on truck-only tolling, VDOT has the authority to study a variety of financing options, with the exception of commuter tolls. The attached slides provide metrics for I-81 on incident vs. recurring delay, person hours of delay between interchanges, and duration of incident-related lane closures between interchanges. The presentation also summarizes congestion, safety, and policy issues identified through public comment since the June meeting. The next public meeting in the Salem district has been set for August 28 at the Salem Civic Center. This meeting will focus on potential improvements to address identified problems, provide information on potential revenue generation mechanisms, and seek public feedback on potential recommendations and financing options. Following the August meeting, VDOT will evaluate the economic impact of revenue generation mechanisms and develop a recommended package of improvements and funding options, so your participation on August 28 is important. Thank you for your engagement in this important opportunity to improve I-81. Do not hesitate to contact rgunn@roanokechamber.org if you would like additional information or assistance in preparing public comment. PUBLIC POLICY NEWS Roanoke Regional Chamber joins more than 600 organizations in urging Congressional approval of USMCA CNBC names Virginia America's Top State for Business in 2019 Warner & Kaine Request Funding for I-81 Upgrades Chamber Hosts Secretary of Commerce Wilbur Ross I-81 Needs Federal Funding to Complement State Investment Roanoke-Blacksburg Regional Airport Receives $750,000 in Federal Funding Today, U.S. Senators Mark Warner and Tim Kaine and Congressman Bob Goodlatte announced $750,000 in federal funding to help the Roanoke Regional Airport Commission bring new non-stop service from Roanoke Regional Airport to Dallas/Ft. Worth, Texas, Denver, Colorado, and/or Detroit, Michigan. The Commission can use the funds for a revenue guarantee, a marketing program, and fee waivers. This effort was a community collaboration where the Roanoke Regional Chamber and the Botetourt Chamber of Commerce worked with local businesses, who are frequent users of Roanoke Regional Airport, to secure pledges to match these funds. The Roanoke Regional Airport Commission led the process to secure the public sector funding. This funding will be formally announced at the Roanoke Regional Chamber today at 10:00 AM. "Roanoke Regional Airport is vital to the economic health of the entire region and Virginia as a whole. We are proud to announce these grant dollars that will ensure the airport continues to offer flights that attract tourism and business and offer Virginians more travel options," the Senators and Congressman said. "Congratulations to the Airport Commission and the local Chambers that worked so hard together to secure these funds." "The Roanoke Regional Airport Commission is thrilled to have been awarded a Small Community Air Service Development Grant. We sincerely appreciate the support from the community and our stakeholders, including Sens. Kaine and Warner and Rep. Goodlatte. We are hopeful that given two and a half's years of passenger growth, these funds will help secure additional service to Dallas/Ft. Worth, Denver and/or Detroit. Air service is a critical component for economic development and we feel this is a significant step in the right direction," Tim Bradshaw, Executive Director of the Roanoke Blacksburg Regional Airport, said. "Better connectivity from ROA will open new markets throughout the country for existing businesses and help attract new investment in the Roanoke region. We are excited to see how this grant will improve service from ROA, and we appreciate the Roanoke Regional Airport Commission's commitment to supporting our community's needs and economic growth," Joyce Waugh, Roanoke Regional Chamber President & CEO, said. "Collaborative efforts such as this support existing business travel needs, ensure our region remains attractive to new business, and create new economic opportunities. We look forward to continuing to work with our regional partners and our elected representatives to bring more opportunity to rural areas in Virginia's Blue Ridge," Sheri Winesett, Botetourt Chamber of Commerce Executive Director, said. The funding was awarded through the Small Community Air Service Development Program (SCASDP) under the Department of Transportation. These funds help smaller communities address air service access and high fares. Chamber News July 2018 New members, upcoming events and more! Check out your Chamber's latest newsletter to see what your #ChamberSquad is up to. For information about sponsoring this newsletter in 2018, please contact Starr Anderson at SAnderson@RoanokeChamber.org. Happy Chamber anniversary to these members. Thank you for your membership renewal this month. 1st and 3rd Business Builders Access, Inc. Advance Auto Parts, Inc. AFC Urgent Care Roanoke Alsco Inc. Apple Ridge Farm Aquarius Pools, Inc. Blanco Inc. Blue Cow Ice Cream Co. Blue Ridge Fabricators, Inc. Brooks Financial Group, A Private Wealth Advisory Practice Business Solutions, Inc. Cambria Suites Central Technology Solutions chocolatepaper Clear Channel Airports CMR Institute Comfort Services Copenhaver, Ellett & Derrico Council of Community Services Davenport & Co LLC DeHaven Transportation Co., Inc. Dominion Metallurgical, Inc. Dresser-Rand-a Siemens Business, Synchrony Business. Eaton Crouse – Hinds Grand Home Furnishings, Tanglewood Jefferson Center Foundation, Ltd. Johnson Ayers & Matthews, PLC Magnets USA Mountain Lake Lodge Neely's Accounting Services New Millennium Building Systems LLC Omnisource SE Profile Display, Inc. Quality Tire Service R.L. Price Construction, Inc. Ramada Inn Conference Center Seal – Tite Basement Waterproofing & Foundation Repair Signature Flight Support Southern Trust Home Services Sunscape Apartments Templeton-Vest The Retreat Apartments Varsity Landscaping Roanoke Regional Chamber Roanoke, VA 24011-1702 Business@RoanokeChamber.org Select list(s) to subscribe to Membership Drive 2013 © Roanoke Regional Chamber of Commerce

Morbs – s/t by Justin Amidon | Mar 24, 2017 | Album Review Eric Ellman is a pretty busy guy in the current local scene. In the past six months he's pumped out two Green Slime releases and now with the help of his cohorts Emily Churco, Mike Herman and Rona Eliyahu, Ellman has revealed the self-titled debut for Morbs. The 10 track debut which clocks in just under 20 minutes was recorded by Matt Chase and mixed and mastered by John Angelo. The self-titled debut from the Queen City garage-punk outfit comes out of left field. It's hard to determine what stands out more, is it the stripped down pure adrenal gland capsule that is Ellman's guitar? Or is it the vocals of Churco? Churco's lips are fast moving even when they are stuck in traffic, like on the slower tracks "Co-Pilot" and "Made of Bones". Even on these songs her vocals seem to still be moving at the speed of light. However, the real glue to this record is the rhythm section of Eliyahu and Herman, which is no surprise at all considering that they had perviously played together in Buffalo stoner rock outfit Sun Black Smoke. Herman played guitar in Sun Black Smoke and not bass, but chemistry is chemistry. That chemistry really shines through on the tracks "Come Around" and "Alan Alda". Morbs create something really original here, which I guess is the point. There are elements of punk as well as garage. You could make several comparisons to bands such as Fidlar, Cheap Girls, or The Donnas but Morbs aren't poppy enough to make any of those comparison stick, which makes it true Buffalo DIY which Ellman and company are no stranger to. Morbs' official album release will take place at this year's Rock A Mile In Her Shoes Event at Ashbury Hall on Wednesday April 5th. Also on the bill will be Erica Wolfling, The Slums, M.A.G.S. and Del Paxton.

Known for being a small city with a welcoming, family-friendly community feel, Towson is a top choice for many people in the Baltimore area. Below, we've included 8 of our favorite Towson, MD home listings that have come on the market in the past 7 days. the huge finished basement that includes a custom built-in wet bar! Don't miss out—see all photos + info here! See all photos + info here! the spacious backyard patio, perfect for summertime parties! spacious one-acre property with tons of outdoor space! expansive downstairs with rec room, fitness center, guest room, office and much more! Want to see other home listings in Towson, MD?

Double torsion tests were used to evaluate the fracture toughness of a brittle organic network, poly[diethylene glycol bis(allyl carbonate)] commonly known as CR-39 resin, and to evaluate the enhancement in fracture toughness due to the incorporation of various additives. These additives were either polymerized to form a second network, an interpenetrating polymer network, or added as a second monomer which was copolymerized with the diethylene glycol bis(allyl carbonate) to form a random copolymer. The additives, which comprised two urethane acrylates, an allyl urethane and an epoxy acrylate, were found to have little effect on toughness at levels of around 2 wt% and l0 wt%. However, the stiffness of the polymer network was reduced by all four additives. Dynamic mechanical analysis revealed that all the additive agents had two competing influences on toughness. Toughening due to the lowering of an upper glass transition was counteracted by an antiplasticization effect, whereby the presence of the second network reduced the available free volume for segmental motion which caused an inherent decrease in toughness. Scanning electron microscopy revealed little evidence to support crazing as being an important mechanism in the deformation of CR-39 resins. Fracture of polymer networks based on diethylene glycol bis(allyl carbonate)* / M. Frounchi, T. A. Westgate, R. P. Chaplint and R. P. Burford // Polymer. – 1994. – Vol 35. – P. 5041-5045. Fracture of polymer networks based on diethylene glycol bis(allyl carbonate)* - Завантажити.

Easy A (2010) PG-13 92 min - Comedy - 10 September 2010 After a little white lie about losing her virginity gets out, a clean cut high school girl sees her life paralleling Hester Prynne's in "The Scarlet Letter," which she is currently studying in school - until she decides to use the rumor mill to advance her social and financial standing. Director: Will Gluck Stars: Emma Stone, Stanley Tucci, Amanda Bynes, Cam Gigandet, Lisa Kudrow, Malcolm McDowell, Penn Badgley, Patricia Clarkson, Dan Byrd, Thomas Haden Church, Aly Michalka, Juliette Goglia, Johanna Braddy, Stacey Travis, Jake Sandvig, Lalaine, Mahaley Manning, Jessica Jann, Danni Katz, Nikki Tyler-Flynn, Norma Michaels, Jameson Moss, Blake Hood, Bryce Clyde Jenkins, Neil Soni, Bonnie Burroughs, Eddie Applegate, Yolanda Snowball, Andrew Fleming, David Gore, D'Anthony Palms, Ryan Parker, Rawson Marshall Thurber, Chris De Lorenzo, Jillian Johnston, Nancy Karr, Clay Black, Bradley Charles Etheridge, Veerta Motiani, Michael Strauss, Lance Kerfuffle, Drew Koles, Max Crumm, Jeremiah Hu, Jason Kropik, Yoshua Sudarso, Seth Donavan, Ashley Hereid, Zack Kennedy, Bobby C. King, Kristin Quick, Johnny Ruddell, Alexandra Swarens, Micah Van Hove, Julianne Celeste Production Companies: Screen Gems, Olive Bridge Entertainment [vc_row][vc_column][wpsm_woobox id="48066″][/vc_column][/vc_row]by Ginger Easy A centers on teenage politics and social games. The plot of the movie takes it to a level that is not for younger audiences, or even early teens. Many teens can relate to the character Olive Penderghast, played by Emma Stone. With a release date that happens to coincide with the beginning of the new school year, the movie deals with topics that every goody two-shoes and class geek can relate to. The MPAA rates the movie as a PG-13, but I would question a Junior High student seeing this movie. It had some inappropriate language, but that is not the real reason for this recommendation. It has suggestions of sexual activity, although none really occur on screen. As a matter of fact, that is what the entire movie is about. The entire plot of the movie makes it questionable for early teens or pre-teens. The plot revolves around using sexual promiscuity as a way to get what the main character wants. Even though the main character keeps her virginity, she pretends otherwise to gain financial and social success. The main character is successful using this tactic, which sends the message that losing your virginity or pretending to lose your virginity is cool. It sends a strong message that keeping your virginity is not cool. The movie goes even further in its poor treatment of these important teen issues regarding sexuality in that it never even addresses the issues of safe sex, or teen pregnancy. It makes teen sexuality appear to be a great way to get ahead and never addresses any of the dangers associated with it. The only consequence is to the main characteräó»s reputation, but even this is treated rather lightly and in a comedic way by the parents. This movie is twisted in the roles of the protagonist and antagonist. The antagonists in the movie promote virginity and social responsibility. The protagonist promotes sexual irresponsibility. The parallelism between the main character and the Scarlet Letter further highlights the theme. In one scene the characteräó»s mother admits to her daughter that she had a reputation problem too when she was a teen. Only the mother really did have sex with both boys and girls. This is not good parental modeling. I need not go on about the inappropriateness of the movie for the intended audience. If your teen is already in high school, they will probably hear about it anyway, but if they are younger than high school, I would definitely avoid this movie like the plague. If your teen does see it, be sure to follow up and use it as an opportunity to discuss important issues such as abstinence, safe sex, and teen pregnancy. In my book, this movie gets a big scarlet äóìNWäó posted on it for äóìNo Way.äó <# if(ThriveComments.current_user.ID){#>href="https://www.parentalguide.org/pgsecret/?action=logout&_wpnonce=57f0fbdb4b"<#}#>><#= ThriveComments.util.render_label('logout_change') #>

Christian Serratos is Selena Quintanilla in first look at Netflix original series: Watch Selena: The Series - Part 1 will air in 2020 by Nina Corcoran Christian Serratos in Selena: The Series Christian Serratos has the big task of portraying Selena, one of the most influential Latin artists of all time, in the new Netflix original Selena: The Series. Today, Netflix unveiled a teaser for the show that gives fans their first look at Serratos as Selena, poofy bangs and all. Selena: The Series is a coming-of-age story chronicling the singer's rise to fame from a young age. It stars the aforementioned Serratos (The Walking Dead, The Twilight Saga) as Selena Quintanilla as well as Ricardo Chavira as her father Abraham, Gabriel Chavarria as her brother A.B., Noemi Gonzalez as her sister Suzette, Seidy Lopez as her mother Marcella, and Madison Taylor Baez as a young Selena. Those worried about an overly dramatic or ignorant remake of Selena's life shouldn't worry. The scripted series was developed alongside the Quintanilla family and will also see them serving as executive producers. Having the family give their blessings is one thing, but it's another thing entirely to get them to weigh in on the script directly, which should do wonders for the show's authenticity. (Read: The 10 Most Essential Posthumous Albums) Netflix's first look at Selena: The Series begins with a shot of Serratos laying on the floor at home as she flips through a script of the show. She puts on a record, begins practicing dance moves, and eventually leaves the house to perform onstage while her cast members look on. It's a short clip — barely a minute in runtime — but one that gives a good visual of the aesthetics, art direction, and casting. Selena: The Series — Part 1 will premiere in 2020. Watch the first look teaser for the series below. Get your first look at Christian Serratos, who will play Selena Quintanilla in a coming of age story chronicling the iconic singer's rise. Selena: The Series — Part 1 premieres in 2020. pic.twitter.com/3U7hBrxLHi — Netflix US (@netflix) November 12, 2019 Christian Serratos will play Selena Quintanilla in Selena: The Series — Ricardo Chavira will co-star as Selena's father Abraham, Gabriel Chavarria as her brother A.B., Noemi Gonzalez as her sister Suzette, Seidy Lopez as her mother Marcella, & Madison Taylor Baez as Young Selena pic.twitter.com/5S0jYTXmic — See What's Next (@seewhatsnext) November 12, 2019 Jack Black, HAIM, Yo La Tengo, and more contribute to new Hanukkah album Film Review: Charlie's Angels Soars In the Hands of Women

West Brom have secured the loan signing of Arsenal striker Carlos Vela until the end of the season. The Mexico international, who went to last year's World Cup, has been a peripheral figure for the Gunners this season, making just 13 appearances, with his brace against Braga in September the last of his three goals so far. In total he has made 62 appearances for Arsene Wenger's men, scoring 11 times. Vela has previously gone on loan to Salamanca and Osasuna in Spain, and will give Baggies boss Roberto Di Matteo an extra attacking option as he looks to stave off relegation. The 21-year-old penned a long-term deal with Arsenal in December 2009, and is highly rated by the club, as well as by his country, for whom he has already netted nine times in 33 appearances. "I'd like to officially welcome Carlos, who is an exciting signing for this club," said Di Matteo. "Carlos is a new attacking option for us who can play both centrally and in the wide areas. "He also has great technical ability and pace and we're hoping he can make a big impact during the remainder of the season.

Forum Post: What is we ALL start pasting links on corporate websites and facebooks? Hey, I got an idea after watching a speech from the Economic Ht Man (posted it on my wall). What if we went to every Walmart/Monsatan/etc corporate facebook page and started posting links to everything they do wrong? Spread this idea around to all the Occupy movement and Anonymous and just attack them all full force so anyone who likes their page sees the horrors they create in this world. Think it'll work? Copy and paste this into every occupy forum/facebook group/etc and lets start an exposure movement and start airing out some of these people's dirty laundry. I just posted one here: https://www.facebook.com/Walmart2275 Go look at it. 'Whatif' is nice but it is better to organise a secret society against them. It is a good idea - as long as the links provide information and background supportive of posted material, like quotes and pics, that are relevant to the site where the information is posted. It will make them nervous. they will perceive attack from unknown sources.

A better designed and superior compact UVB bulb, ideal for canopy tops, to provide UVB to your reptile in a choice of 6% or 12%. From Reptile Systems, these bulbs are designed to provide the very best quality in UVB lighting through a compact bulb, far exceeding the quality of spiral compact UV bulbs, due to their unique shape. These are a standard E27 screw fitting and therefore compatible with most reptile fittings. Ideal for use in canopy tops to provide UVB alongside other standard lighting. A choice of 6% or 12% bulb is available, with both having a high 30% UVA output - meaning you have a normal looking bright light, not a blue tint leftover like some cheaper bulbs. As these are UVB they should not be used on a thermostat, as this will inhibit the UV output. However, at just 23w they provide very little in heat, so should not have a big temperature effect on most enclosures. However, in small nano systems they can be used as the heat source as well. The 6% UVB is ideal for rainforest species, such as Crested Geckos, Day Geckos, Chameleons, and many ground lizards, like Skinks. They are also good for crepuscular species like Leopard Geckos who require mid level UV in bursts, whilst they are out for a few hours in the day. The 12% bulbs have a higher UVB output, and are more for desert species, or those that bask for prolonged periods, such as Bearded Dragons, Uromastyx and many Tortoise species. This is designed to mimic all-day sunlight.

Staged management of high-energy proximal tibia fractures (OTA types 41): the results of a prospective, standardized protocol. Kenneth A Egol, Nirmal C Tejwani, Edward L Capla, Philip L Wolinsky, Kenneth J Koval Journal of Orthopaedic Trauma 2005 August OBJECTIVES: This study evaluated the use of a staged protocol involving temporary spanning external fixation and delayed formal definitive fixation in the management of high-energy proximal tibia fractures (OTA types 41) with regard to soft-tissue management, development of complications, and functional outcomes. SETTING: Two level-one trauma centers and a tertiary care orthopaedic center. PATIENTS: Fifty-three patients with 57 high-energy tibial plateau fractures. METHODS: The authors instituted a protocol of immediate placement of knee spanning external fixation with management of soft-tissue injuries for all high-energy proximal tibia fractures. Between August 1999 and May 2002, 62 consecutive patients with 67 high-energy proximal tibia fractures (OTA types 41A, B, C) underwent temporary knee spanning external fixation on the day of admission. Nine patients with 10 fractures who transferred care after initial stabilization or sustained an extraarticular fracture were excluded. The remaining 53 patients with 57 fractures underwent repair of articular fractures and meta-diaphyseal fracture repair with plates and screw constructs or conversion to a ring fixator. These patients had a mean age of 47 years (standard deviation (SD), 14). Of these 53 patients, 42 (79%) were men and 11 (21%) were women. Characteristics of the 57 fractures were: 42 Schatzker VI (74%), 12 Schatzker V (21%), 2 Schatzker IV (4%), and 1 Schatzker II (2%). There were 41 closed fractures and 16 open fractures. (One patient had bilateral fractures with 1 extremity open and 1 closed). Orthopaedic evaluation at latest follow-up included a clinical and radiographic examination and functional outcome measurement with the Western Ontario McMaster functional knee score (WOMAC). Eight patients with 8 fractures were lost to follow-up. This left 45 patients with 49 fractures with a mean follow-up of 15.7 (SD, 5.7; range, 8-40) months. RESULTS: Complications included 3 (5%) deep wound infections, 2 (4%) nonunions, and 2 patients (4%) with significant knee stiffness (<90 degrees). Nine patients (16%) underwent additional surgery after definitive skeletal stabilization related to their injury. Range of knee motion at final follow-up was 1 degrees (SD, 4) to 106 degrees (SD, 15). The mean WOMAC was 91 (SD, 55). Poor results did not correlate with demographic or injury characteristics. DISCUSSION: We had a relatively low rate of wound infection in these complex injuries (5% overall). There was only 1 wound problem in our subset of patients with closed fractures and 2 infections in those with open fractures. One downside of this technique may be residual knee stiffness. The benefits of temporizing spanning external fixation include osseous stabilization, access to soft tissues, and prevention of further articular damage. Our relatively low rates of complications in patients who sustain high-energy proximal tibia fractures and the access this technique affords in open fractures and those with compartment syndrome lead us to recommend this technique in all high-energy intra-articular and extra-articular fractures of the proximal tibia. CLINICAL RELEVANCE: This study supports the practice of delayed internal fixation until the soft-tissue envelope allows for definitive fixation.

Category Archives: MLB David Ortiz Wants To Avoid Jeter-like Goodbye "Celebration" We were among the many who argued that Derek Jeter's retirement tour is beginning to look like a funeral, complete with commemorative Jeter #2 patches. The tour's most important stop was yesterday, his big official "Derek Jeter Day" send off at Yankee Stadium. Word is Sep 08, 2014 by JT in Leagues Who Are Zack Greinke's "So Stupid They're Good" Teammates? The juiciest news on a slow baseball day comes from an interview Dodgers pitcher Zack Greinke did with the Los Angeles Times. Greinke, who is considered one of the league's smartest and most interesting players, suggested that his brains aren't necessarily working to his advantage Ichiro Talks Trash In Spanish During his 14-year big league career Ichiro Suzuki has always communicated to the press through a translator. But don't think that's because he lacks foreign language skills. Ichiro is actually pretty fluent in English, he just uses a translator because he doesn't want to end Rockies Extend Jorge De La Rosa Jorge De La Rosa hasn't been as good in 2014 as he was in 2013. But the left-hander has pitched well enough to score a two-year $25 million dollars contact extension with the Colorado Rockies. The deal will pay the 33-year old $12.5 million in Craig Biggio May Be Favorite For Astros Managerial Opening Craig Biggio is an Astros legend. Is he also about to be an Astros manager? Houston fired skipper Bo Porter last week and the latest speculation is that Biggio, who compiled 3060 hits during his 20-year career playing only for the Astros, is the leading candidate You Can No Longer Bet On Clayton Kershaw To Win the NL Cy Young Clayton Kershaw is a safe bet to win the National League Cy Young. How safe? Online gambling website Bovada.lv have taken Kershaw off the board. Kershaw, who has a 16-3 record and 1.73 ERA with 194 strikeouts despite missing the first month of the season Sep 02, 2014 by JT in Information Who Will Be Baseball Best August Addition? Adam Dunn, acquired by Oakland right in front of the August 31 postseason roster deadline, started his A's career with a bang Monday, homering in his first at-bat. The blast helped the A's break their four game losing streak, which had included a 29 inning A's Acquire Adam Dunn; Jonathan Broxton To The Brewers Two of the bigger men in baseball now have new addresses. In front of the midnight August 31 cutoff for postseason rosters, the Oakland A's acquired slugger Adam Dunn from the White Sox in exchange for minor league pitcher Nolan Sanburn. Dunn, who leads all Aug 31, 2014 by JT in Information Dodgers Shift Is Most Extreme Yet When San Diego's Seth Smith stepped up to the plate, he was staring at what legendary Dodgers broadcaster Vin Sculley called "a chorus line" of fielders between first and second base. Lefty Smith is an extreme pull hitter, so he's seen shifts before. But nothing Jesus Montero and Salvador Perez Are Catchers Gone Wild They call the equipment the catcher wears behind the plate "The Tools of Ignorance," because one has to be foolish to play a position which requires so much protective gear. Or perhaps it helps to be a bit crazy. Mariners catcher Jesus Montero has been

Q: Swift/IOS: How do I get PDF from Firebase and display it in a webkit? In firebase, I have a storage with PDF's and a collection that has a reference to the stored PDF, along with the name of the PDF. I'm retrieving the collection documents and display the headline in a tableview. I want to be able to click the tableview cell, then display the pdf in a webkit view in another viewcontroller. How do I fetch the PDF in storage and display it in webkit view? My code so far: Handler class PDFHandler { static let db = Firestore.firestore() static let storage = Storage.storage() static var list = [PDF]() static var downloadURL : String? static func Create(title: String, url: String){ } static func startListener(tableView: UITableView){ print("Listening has begun") db.collection("PDF").addSnapshotListener { (snap, error) in if error == nil{ self.list.removeAll() for pdf in snap!.documents{ let map = pdf.data() let head = map["Headline"] as! String let url = map["URL"] as? String ?? "empty" let newPDF = PDF(id: pdf.documentID, headline: head, url: url) print(newPDF) self.list.append(newPDF) } DispatchQueue.main.async { tableView.reloadData() } } } } static func downloadPdfs(pdfID: String, pdfurl: String){ print("Download initiated") let pdfRef = storage.reference(withPath: pdfID) pdfRef.getData(maxSize: 99999999999) { (data, error) in if error == nil{ print("Success downloading PDF") DispatchQueue.main.async { } }else{ print("Error fetching pdf") } } } static func getSize() -> Int{ return list.count } static func getPDFat(index: Int) -> PDF{ return list[index] } } Tableview class ReportViewController: UIViewController, UITableViewDelegate, UITableViewDataSource { @IBOutlet weak var tableView: UITableView! override func viewDidLoad() { super.viewDidLoad() tableView.delegate = self tableView.dataSource = self PDFHandler.startListener(tableView: tableView) } func tableView(_ tableView: UITableView, numberOfRowsInSection section: Int) -> Int { return PDFHandler.getSize() } func tableView(_ tableView: UITableView, cellForRowAt indexPath: IndexPath) -> UITableViewCell { let cell = tableView.dequeueReusableCell(withIdentifier: "PDFCell") cell?.textLabel?.text = PDFHandler.getPDFat(index: indexPath.row).headline return cell! } override func prepare(for segue: UIStoryboardSegue, sender: Any?) { if let destination = segue.destination as? PDFViewController{ destination.rowNumber = tableView.indexPathForSelectedRow!.row } } } PDFView VC import UIKit import WebKit class PDFViewController: UIViewController, WKUIDelegate { @IBOutlet weak var pdfview: WKWebView! var rowNumber = 0 var url = "" override func viewDidLoad() { super.viewDidLoad() let myUrl = URL(string: "") let myRequest = URLRequest(url: myUrl!) pdfview.load(myRequest) } override func loadView() { let webConfig = WKWebViewConfiguration() pdfview = WKWebView(frame: .zero, configuration: webConfig) pdfview.uiDelegate = self view = pdfview } }

"Our corporation has been focusing on brand strategy. Customers' satisfaction is our greatest advertising. We also supply OEM assistance for Ul Listed Troffer Driver , UL Listed Troffer Driver , UL Listed Power Led Driver , Looking forward we are going to keep pace with the times continuing to create new products and solutions. With our strong research team advanced production facilities scientific management and top services we will supply high quality products to our customers worldwide. We sincerely invite you to be our business partners for mutual benefits.

Francisco Guillén Salaya (Gomezserracín, 1900 - Madrid, 1965) fou un polític, sindicalista, novel·lista, assagista i dramaturg espanyol. Procurador a les Corts Espanyoles durant la primera legislatura de la dictadura franquista. Escritor i figura rellevant del sindicalisme falangista. Biografia Va llicenciar-se en Filosofia i Lletres a la Universitat de Valladolid. Inicialment va militar en el sindicat anarquista CNT. Més tard, com a conseqüència d'un gir ideològic, va ser cofundador, amb Ramiro Ledesma Ramos, de les JONS i del sindicat de Falange Española, Central Obrera Nacional-Sindicalista, juntament amb l'excenetista Nicasio Álvarez de Sotomayor. En la seva obra "Anecdotario de las J.O.N. S." explica, la seva particular visió de fets esdevinguts des de la fundació de la publicació "La Conquista del Estado" fins a l'acte unitari de les JONS i FE, després de la seva unitat, a Valladolid el 4 de març de 1934. Redactor en cap del diari madrileny El Imparcial, on escrivia la columna de crítica literària titulada Los Lunes de Imparcial. També fou Cavaller Legionari i periodista especialitzat en la qüestió social. L'inici de la guerra civil espanyola el sorprèn a Astúries on va romandre amagat fins que les tropes del bàndol nacional ocuparen el territori asturià. Franquisme En el matí de l'1 de novembre de 1942 fou proposat per la Delegació Nacional de Sindicats a la Secretaria General del Movimiento com a candidat per a cobrir una de les places atorgada a l'Organització Sindical Espanyola dels procuradors a les Corts Espanyoles. Va ocupar l'escó de procurador durant la I Legislatura de les Corts Espanyoles (1943-1946). Creador de la Mutualidad de Prensa y Artes Gráficas de la que fou president fins a la seva mort. Gerent de la Premsa del Movimiento. Representant de les empreses periodístiques en el Consejo Nacional de Prensa. Obres Cartones de Castilla, col·lecció de contes, Biblioteca Atlántico, 1930. El diálogo de las pistolas, novel·la, 1931. Parábola de la nueva literatura, crítica literària, 1931. La Mujer de cera, comèdia dramàtica en tres actes i en prosa, escrita en col·laboració amb Julio Escobar. Arizon, 1935. Bajo la luna nueva, Novela de la vida social moderna., Madrid, Imprenta de Juan Pueyo, 1935 Anecdotario de las JONS, Sant Sebastià, 1938. Reeditat per Ediciones Nueva República, Barcelona, 2011 Qué son los sindicatos verticales. San Sebastián: Yugos y Flechas, 1938. 96 p. Historia del sindicalismo español, Editora Nacional, Madrid, 1941. La economía del porvenir, 1945 Luna y lucero, Madrid, Imprenta Sáez, 1947. 4º. 219 pg. A la sombra de nuestras vidas; infierno y paraiso. Madrid 1963 Nuevas Editoriales Unidas, [s.a.]. 304p. Quién gobernará el mundo?. Estudios de las ideas y de los pueblos que aspiran a la hegemonía del universo, 1964, Ed. Nuevas editoriales unidas. 4º, 413 Pág. Los que nacimos con el siglo; (biografia d'una juventud). Editorial Colenda, Madrid, 1953. 218p., A la sombra de nuestras vidas. Infierno y Paraíso. , Nuevas Editoriales Unidas, Madrid, 1963. 4to.; 304 pp. La derrota del comunismo Referències Enllaços externs a buscalibros.cl Bajo La Luna de Guillén Salaya Militants de la CNT Falangistes Procuradors a Corts Morts a Madrid Polítics de la província de Segòvia

Kraxe_Wien came into existence somewhere between Porto and Vienna with the idea of bringing to market a product, which could unite the different day-to-day realities of Northern and Central Europe with the ones from the South. All these diversity in climate, habits, mentalities, flavours and colours come to expression in an interesting mixtureof quality, creativity and functionality in our products. In the German dialect of Austrian rural areas, the word "Kraxe" [ˈkʀaksə] is used as a synonym to Rückentrage, today called Rucksack, or backpack. In the past, a Kraxe was a wooden structure, which was carried on the back and was used for the transportation of food or other items. Over the years, the so-called "Kraxe" evolved to the most practical and comfortable means to carry the personal belongings: the backpack.

A Mighty Wind Director Christopher Guest Starring Christopher Guest, Michael McKean, Harry Shearer, Jane Lynch, Parker Posey "It's Spinal Tap with Folk music!" cried the reviews of Christopher Guest's latest improvised mockumentary, but to label it as Tap with mandolins is doing it an injustice. Sure, you'll find Guest, Michael McKean and Harry Shearer combining to create lukewarm water once more, but in reality, A Mighty Wind is more like Best In Show with Cellos - take out the dogs, replace them with dulcimers and you'll get more of an idea of what to expect. The death of Irvin Steinbloom, a major figure in the folk industry prompts a hastily knocked up memorial concert, and his son Jonathan (Bob Balaban) is tasked with reuniting the major acts from his record label to play one final gig in his honour. On the bill are The Folksmen (the Tap alumni, only older and less satanic), the New Main Street Singers (the new commercial face of folk, or "a toothpaste commercial" as Shearer's bassist helpfully dubs them) and the duo of Mitch and Mickey; a kind of Sonny and Cher of the folk world, played superbly by Eugene Levy and Catherine O'Hara who worked so well together in Guest's most recent canine-orientated effort. We follow each act as they're reacquainted with one another, albeit with varying results (Mickey has since married a train-obsessed 'bladder management' salesman, while Mitch has been busy being depressed for the past 25 years). If you're expecting to see more Spinal Tap magic, then you might be a little disappointed. There's no classic scene up to the standards of the malfunctioning stage pods or the miniature Stonehenge monument, rather a fine line in acute character comedy from the usual Guest troupe. So, as well as the musicians, you have Ed Begley Jr's Swedish Jew as a public television producer, Jennifer Coolidge as a large-breasted PR consultant with a red fright wig and even scarier accent plus Michael Hitchcock as the accommodating town hall manager who simply refuses to cut back the 'ridiculous vines and dangerous apple blossoms' that could cause serious eye damage in the foyer. There's nary a duff performance on show, but once again, the star of the show is Fred Willard who manages to half-inch the entire shebang from under everyone's noses. His failed comedian turned manager Mike LaFontaine, a shock of platinum blonde hair setting off a Hawaiian shirt, is an absolute riot in his few short scenes, suggesting wildly inappropriate stage costumes and cracking wince-inducing gags at the most inopportune moments. If you're not quoting such gems as 'hey, wha' happened?' before them film has ended, you're a more sensible man than I. You could argue that due to the large size of the cast, each performer isn't really given enough time to make a substantial impression, but with players like Willard, you can begrudge a few joke-free scenes. What A Mighty Wind does have in common with its rock and roll forbearer is a fantastic soundtrack, full of songs penned by Guest and Levy (who, along with a large proportion of the cast play their own instruments and sing to boot). Folk music might not be your bag, but the painfully smiley songs performed by acts like the New Main Street Singers are as infectious as they are ridiculous. A particular favourite is the song found on one of the deleted scenes entitled 'Do What The Good Book Tells You To', a musical journey through the Bible with an important lesson to tell. If Spinal Tap made you want to learn the guitar and throw your rock horns up to the half-inflated Dark Lord, then A Mighty Wind might convince you to grow your hair long and learn how to play the piccolo. Or it might not. But it'll definitely plaster the same wide grin across your face. More: Comedy A Mighty Wind Christopher Guest Michael McKean Harry Shearer Jane Lynch Parker Posey Your complete guide to every single one of Chucklevision's 292 episodes iDunno... "I challenge you to a beat-off!" Friends bloopers make it all better Glee – season two finale Xmas Competition Bonanza! (Part 2) "But why is the rum gone?" Pirates Of The Caribbean: Curse Of The Black Pearl

Tag: British Grand Prix F1: British Grand Prix developments liveblog November 19-December 3 This is the fifth part of our rolling coverage of the saga of where the 2010 British Grand Prix will be held – or if it will happen at all. It covers the period from November 9th to December 3rd. Categorised under: Archive, Events, F1 Tagged as: Bernie Ecclestone, British Grand Prix, Damon Hill, Donington Park, Formula One, Simon Gillett F1: British Grand Prix developments liveblog October 29 – November 18 This is the fourth part of our rolling coverage of the saga of where the 2010 British Grand Prix will be held – or if it will happen at all. It covers the period from October 29th to November 18th. F1: British Grand Prix developments liveblog October 20-28 This is the third part of our rolling coverage of the saga of where the 2010 British Grand Prix will be held – or if it will happen at all. It covers the period from October 20th to 28th. This is the second part of our rolling coverage of the saga of where the 2010 British Grand Prix will be held – or if it will happen at all. It covers the period from October 12th to 19th. F1: British Grand Prix developments liveblog October 2-11 This is the first part of our rolling coverage of the saga of where the 2010 British Grand Prix will be held – or if it will happen at all. It covers the period from October 2nd to 11th. F1: 2010 calendar reveals new British Grand Prix blow Patriotic sports fans may be forced to choose between Button and Beckham or Hamilton and Heskey next summer after the new FIA calendar pitted the British Grand Prix head to head with football's World Cup Final. Categorised under: Archive, F1 Tagged as: British Grand Prix, Donington Park, F1 season 2010, Formula One Silverstone has go-ahead to seek investors Silverstone's management has been given the go-ahead to negotiate with potential investors in a move that could see the circuit regain the rights to stage the British Grand Prix. Categorised under: Archive, Events, F1, News Tagged as: BRDC, British Grand Prix, Donington Park, Formula One, Silverstone Ecclestone: Donington has 38 days left to find the money Donington Park has until the end of September – that's just 28 working days – to provide Formula One promoter Bernie Ecclestone with a bank guarantee showing the funds are available to redevelop the circuit to F1 standards. If that does not happen it has lost the race. Tagged as: Bernie Ecclestone, British Grand Prix, Donington Park, Formula One, Richard Phillips, Silverstone Donington Park: no news before September Donington Park has said that no details of the progress of its construction work and fundraising attempts are going to be released before September. Tagged as: Bernie Ecclestone, British Grand Prix, Damon Hill, Donington Park, Formula One, Richard Phillips, Silverstone, Simon Gillett F1: Silverstone sets British GP ultimatum Silverstone has issued a British Grand Prix ultimatum to Bernie Ecclestone and Donington Park – it's six weeks or bust if you want us to stage the 2010 race.

Philip Baron December 9, 2019, 11:57 am 0 Edit Dr. Phillip Baron, 73, of New Brunswick died Nov. 25, 2019. Born Feiveh Baranczyk in 1946 in a refugee camp in Salzburg, Austria, he came to America with the help of HIAS (formerly known as the Hebrew Immigrant Aid Society) shortly before his third birthday. The son of two Holocaust survivors, he grew up on the Lower East Side of New York. Dr. Baron was a graduate of Bronx High School of Science (1964), City College (B.S. 1969), New York University (M.S. in Electrical Engineering 1972), and Rutgers Medical School (1978), in addition to being a fellow of the American College of Cardiology. He enjoyed going to the opera and the philharmonic in the fall and winter, and spent summers with his family on Long Beach Island. He is survived by his wife of 49 years, Susan; two daughters, Eve (David) Sorkin and Laura Baron; and three grandchildren. Services were held Nov. 27 with arrangements by Crabiel Parkwest Funeral Chapel, New Brunswick. Memorial contributions may be made to Highland Park Conservative Temple-Congregation Anshe Emeth or HIAS.

October 5, 2019 October 5, 2019 ~ jim clayton There's a builder's truck blocking the mews. It's up on hydraulic stabilisers as the driver operates the winch, dropping off enormous bags of sand and gravel, the engine labouring as the next load gets taken up, the back of the truck lurching with the sudden change of weight. I can't imagine what building project would require such a massive delivery – maybe one of those basement excavations you read about, an underground pool and cinema and gym, perhaps. A lift shaft to a cocktail bar and viewing platform at the earth's core. Whatever the reason, the contrast with the ancient backstreet couldn't be more extreme. Two hundred years ago these would have been a row of stables with offices, lofts and basic accommodation above; now they're a mixture of chi-chi businesses, full-scale conversions, and the cobbled street curves down right and left not to straw and manure-heaped gutters but expensive planters, artisanal signs and cutely painted old bikes with geraniums in the basket. We've had to park at the far end by the equipment van that's here to deliver a hospital bed. They could only have beaten us by fifteen minutes and yet they're already half-way through. Once again I'm in awe of their efficiency and sheer work ethic, like scaled-up ants in yellow jackets. A hospital bed is no light thing. It comes in sections, of course, but the main frame is pretty heavy. A feature of the flats in these mews is a steep and narrow staircase running straight up from the front door – no doubt originally to a hay loft. To make things even more awkward, the house we're visiting has a stair lift, so really there's hardly any room at all to get the bed in. When we stroll up, though, they've already got the frame delivered, and all that's left are the mattress, a cantilever table and a few other bits and pieces. 'What did you do – commandeer the truck?' I say to one of them, who is so red-faced I want to lean in and loosen his collar. He laughs, slicks his antennae back. 'Maybe you could take the table?' he says. The whole thing is something of a rush job. The GP had visited George late last night. George is a ninety-five year old man with a recent palliative diagnosis who has declined rapidly and unexpectedly straight into an End of Life scenario. He was refusing hospital, so the GP had prescribed anticipatory meds, made referrals to the District Nurse and Palliative teams, and to us for urgent review first thing in the morning. Katrina had gone straight there from home and was busy by eight. By nine she'd phoned in to make her report: it was bed care only, so George needed a hospital bed with pressure mattress and slide sheet to be delivered the same day, with someone to be there to help with a pat slide; George needed care support four times a day, double-up; he needed pads, pressure cream, foam lollipops for mouth care – the works. I said I could meet Katrina there at lunchtime to get the whole thing done. George's wife Valerie greets us at the top of the stairs. 'Forgive my hair,' she says, patting it. 'I must look a fright. But as you can imagine I've had quite a night.' Both Valerie and the flat have the shocked look of something hit by lightning. Everything is essentially as it was – the pictures, the chairs, the collections of antique pill boxes and books, the Moroccan rugs and tables and lamps, the family pictures on the walls – everything so perfectly placed and orderly the housekeeper must have a tape measure in their pocket. But the furthest end of the flat – the main bedroom end – has a sprawled, disrupted appearance, with a wreckage of discarded packaging, plastic strapping and so on spilling across the hallway, whilst through the open door the sound of construction and the movement of heavy furniture adds to the feeling of emergency. The noise from the builder's truck outside sounds like a fire engine. 'What a business!' says Valerie. 'But you know, everyone's been so kind. We really are most grateful.' There's a large tabby cat staring at me from the middle of the living room rug. It's as perfectly groomed as Valerie, and I half-expect it to reach up with a paw and pat itself delicately on the head, as she did. 'Grammaticus is very put out,' says Valerie, walking over to him. 'He's nineteen, you know? Like us – old and worn out. He can't tolerate the fuss.' She bends down stiffly and painfully, scooping him up to cradle him in her arms, just exactly as you would a baby, pressing her nose to the top of his head, rocking him up and down, swinging her hips a little from side to side. He maintains his stare, making little adjustments to accommodate the motion. 'He looks good for his age,' I say. 'Do you think?' she says. Then – still rocking the cat – she looks off towards the window. Down in the street, the noise from the builder's lorry has eased. It sounds as if all the deliveries might have finished, and instead there are shouts and raucous laughter, the plaintive whining of hydraulic legs being lifted, the off-kilter clattering of a concrete mixer. 'Good God,' says Valerie. 'When will it all end?' Posted in sketches from my work in community health catsend of life carehusband and wife < Previous nobody whistles in cars these days Next > cecil & the badgers

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Chris Zempel | What is Critical Thinking? At every level of software consulting, what I actually provide for people is clarity of thought. My value for other people is to help them when they find themselves in the weeds. Code itself is nothing more than thought. This entry is about thinking, specifically when you're trying to do something, especially something technical. I've run my definition of critical thinking past people in a variety of technical pursuits (music, coding, business, etc) and they've found it a useful concept to dwell on. There are a lot of ways to define "critical thinking". Disciplined thinking that is clear, rational, open-minded, and informed by evidence: "The questions are intended to develop your critical thinking." The mental process of actively and skillfully conceptualizing, applying, analyzing, synthesizing, and evaluating information to reach an answer or conclusion. The objective analysis and evaluation of an issue in order to form a judgment. "Professors often find it difficult to encourage critical thinking amongst their students." But what is critical thinking, really? *It is understanding nuance*. We pretend nuance is luck, or attribute it to some other point of certainty in the worlds we build up for ourselves. This is because understanding nuance takes up so much time. Understanding nuance is hard. ## What Makes Understanding Nuance so Hard? Imagine you had a *Nuance GunTM*. You aim this gun at your house and pull the trigger. While you hold down the trigger, the gun shoots out a beam that encompasses your house, breaking it down at a fundamental physical level and rapidly putting it through every imaginable structural scenario so it looks like its having metaphysical sci-fi seizures. Earthquakes, fires, rad parties, wobbly support beams, everything happening getting conveyed to and loaded up in your head so you have an intimate understanding of all the structure's strengths, weaknesses, and characteristics. You let go, and your house snaps back to normal. Whew. There could be a hundred other houses built off the same plan, but now you know when there is an earthquake, that sofa you love will fall through onto the stairway. You should probably move that sofa. The minute differences between your house and every other house, this is nuance. It's the awareness of what your house really is. Not any house, your house. The one that matters. Say you aim your *Nuance GunTM* at a person and pull the trigger. What sorts of things would happen? Well, they'd get hired for a job and then fired, have medical emergencies, be exposed to profound success, date, marry, divorce, grow old, etc. You let go, and they stare at you angrily. That's okay, because you understand. You understand how they'd act and react in all these circumstances over time. You now know who they really are. Not just people in general, not people with the same hair or skin color, not people with the same demographic background, but them. Only them. Understanding nuance is hard because the *Nuance GunTM* is otherwise known as your mind, and it takes a lot of energy to fire it off and hold down the trigger long enough. When you are trying to understand yourself and decide on the bigger things in life, critical thinking is damn near impossible. It's hard because you're now aiming the gun at yourself, and when you pull the trigger, all the certainty, ego and assumptions you rely on will be torn apart, shredded down, and whats left there is who you really are. This is really scary, every time. This requires a ton of effort, every time. Riots and comedy are but symptoms of the times, profoundly revealing. They betray the psychological tone, the deep uncertainties… And the striving for something better, plus the fear that nothing would come of it all. So critical thinking isn't understanding nuance, per se. It is the process we use to arrive at nuance for a particular venture. It's useful to think of it as the power behind your behavior. Nuance is your approach, your own personal secret sauce. People have nuance. Teams have nuance. Organizations have nuance. This is all wishy-washy but for a good reason. The questions you ask, the perception you seek, these exist in a context you cannot separate from. You can't pull one part of the process out, hold it in your hand, and then use it everywhere. There are no silver bullets for critical thinking. If the reason for not doing something is fear, then do it immediately. His answer was that being aware enough to ask the question is usually good enough. But because I'd so explicitly asked for something actionable, he added a rule of thumb: if the reason for not doing something is fear, then do it immediately. So what? This means you only have enough energy and time to really dig into a couple areas of your life at a time. So the what is simple: pay attention to where you're spending your time, and how that makes you feel. Emotions are what come out of what your perception puts in. Your capacity to think critically, to find the nuance (aka breakthroughs, contentment, success, rainbows, dolla bills!), hinges on how you shape your life. You need to create the space and time to allow for critical thought. You'll have to ignore some things. You'll have to be disciplined. Finding this time, this discipline, starts in the small moments that are easy to miss - not in some big checklist or some new structure you've created for your life. The next time you feel deeply unsettled, vaguely uncertain, overflowing with happiness, or quietly joyful, critical thinking will happen if you stop in the moment to ask yourself, "why?" It starts to happen when you listen to the answer.

It's Jussie Smollett's turn to testify. Will he? by: AP Wire FILE – Actor Jussie Smollett arrives Tuesday, Nov. 30, 2021, at the Leighton Criminal Courthouse for day two of his trial in Chicago. After two brothers spent hours telling a jury how Smollett paid them to carry out a fake racist and anti-gay attack on himself, the big question when the trial resumes Monday, Dec. 6, is whether the actor will tell his side. (AP Photo/Charles Rex Arbogast, File) CHICAGO (AP) — After two brothers spent hours telling a jury how Jussie Smollett paid them to carry out a fake racist and anti-gay attack on himself, the big question when the actor's trial resumes is whether he will tell his side of the story. The choice is risky, but some legal experts say Smollett'ss only chance of acquittal is by giving the jury another narrative. And, they say, jurors are told not to hold it against defendants who choose not to testify, but they often go back to the deliberation room and do just that.

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Answer . No ... it uses aluminum bars at varying lengths and sizes to produce different notes. The sound resonates or sustains as long as the pedal is held down. How is the music notation written for the vibraphone? Where was the vibraphone invented? What is the difference between a vibraphone and xylophone? What is the lowest note you can play on a vibraphone? In general, an ordinary set of vibes has a low note of F natural, traveling up two or two and a half octaves to a B natural or a C natural. What family is the vibraphone? The vibraphone is a keyboard instrument. But,sine you strike it with a mallet, it is a percussion instrument. How do you play the vibraphone? Is a Vibraphone and Xylophone similar instruments? How long is a vibraphone?

Dark History Old News! About Me, & Crawling Chaos Vinyl Portraits 0 Menu Russell Jackson Marie Laveau These prints are 8.5 x 11" on cardstock. Use the code DARKHISTORY at checkout when you order 3 or more Dark History prints to get a 25% discount! Real, but like a dream; established in definite, concrete truth, but veiled in an unclearable fog of mystery so thick that legend becomes indistinguishable from fact. This is a fine summation of both the city of New Orleans, and one of its most famous residents who embodied its spirit: Marie Catherine Laveau (1801 - 1881), the Voodoo Queen. Marie grew up in a New Orleans of constant change. Napoleon Bonaparte sold French Louisiana to the United States in 1803, and shortly thereafter began an influx of Haitians fleeing the bloody revolution there. The black immigrants, both free and enslaved, brought with them their religion - Vodou, a synthesis of traditions from native West African religions and the Catholicism of their French masters. Though Louisiana Voodoo already existed, Marie may have learned a great deal from these immigrants, as well as from her grandmother - a former slave only one generation removed from Africa herself. Marie also benefitted from having a white father, who, although she was illegitimate, nonetheless always acknowledged her as his own and gave her some support. He aided in obtaining the contract and home for her first marriage to Jacques Paris, a free man of color from Haiti, with whom Marie bore two daughters. This family did not last long; in 1824, only five years into the marriage, Jacques died or vanished - no record exists to clarify what happened - and the children may also have died as there is no further mention of either after their baptism. Marie would be referred to as "The Widow Paris" on official documents for the rest of her life. It is not known when Marie began her practice of voodoo. She certainly led a congregation out of her own home by the 1830s, where her front room was her temple for weekly services. Her following knew no boundaries of class, race, or gender, as everyone from slaves to white aristocrats visited her for spiritual advice, charms, spells, and curses. During the same decade she began presiding over the most important voodoo festival of the year, on St. John's Eve, on the shores of the Bayou of the same name. Though there would certainly have been drumming, feasting, dancing, and ritual bathing in the bayou, reports of orgies and blood sacrifice were fanciful exaggerations by Laveau's detractors, most of whom had no understanding of voodoo and believed she was an agent of the devil. In fact, Laveau remained a devout Catholic all her life. Her baptism, marriage, and funeral ceremonies all took place at St. Louis Cathedral, where she attended mass and had all of her children baptised. It may have been her pursuit of Christian principles - feeding the poor, nursing the sick, visiting the condemned - that did more than anything else to endear her to the hearts of New Orleaneans, who then came back to her for services more appropriate to voodoo practices. Afro-American religions, by necessity, have always been highly synchretic and priestesses like Laveau would have seen no conflict in using Christian prayer for some needs and voodoo rituals for others. Nonetheless, around the turn of the twentieth century topics like voodoo were almost exclusively written about by sensationalist sources comfortable with printing rumors without bothering to substantiate them. We do not know if Laveau actually gathered information about New Orleans society through a career as a hairdresser, nor if she walked the streets with a pet python named Zombi, nor if she was actually succeeded in her role as "Voodoo Queen" by one of her daughters - in fact, this last detail is extremely unlikely as no claim to it appears in any source before the 1920s and Marie actually outlived most of her children. Laveau's health declined sharply in the 1870s, and though she still saw many visitors, she spent most of her last years bedridden until her death in 1881. The crowd at her funeral procession was like her clientele - multiracial, multiclass, representing every facet of society. By that time, there were certainly other priestesses looking to fill the void left by Marie, but none could ever match the influence and prestige of the original Voodoo Queen of New Orleans. Marie is best remembered today not for the sinister rites suggested by her detractors, but for her influence, her power, and her charitable works as a pillar of New Orleans society and culture.

The popular Peacock Room will be opening a new pop-up shop in the Detroit Opera House. The pop-up will go through the current season of the Michigan Opera Theatre. The store is known for vintage style women's clothing, accessories, stationary and gifts. The Peacock Room has two locations in Detroit in Fisher Building and Park Shelton. Owner Rachel Lutz will stock the pop-up shop with everything you could possibly need to jazz up your opera attire. There will be gloves, hats, fashion accessories, tiaras, opera glasses, and vintage-inspired jewelry from antique molds. You will also be able to pick up Michigan Opera Theatre brand favorites and CD's. She will also include theme items depending on the performance at the time. Throughout the season the Peacock Room will bring in local artists who will offer portrait opportunities. The shop will be located in the Ford Lobby an hour before each performance, as well as during intermission and after the show. You can find the schedule of the Michigan Opera Theatre performances here. I know I'm looking forward to Leonard Bernstein's Candide in March.

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Herbarium World Exploring herbaria and their importance About Herbaria Extending the ESN to History Herbaria Around the World Online Herbaria Art and Herbaria The 18th-Century Passion for Botany: Illustrations June 17, 2019 June 2, 2019 / Maura Flannery Illustration of Linnaeus's triandria class (Table IV) from Johannes Gessner's Tabulae phytographicae, Biodiversity Heritage Library In discussing 18th century botany, it's impossible not to bring up Carl Linnaeus. As I've already discussed (1, 2), his classification system based on flower structure made it easier to identify species. It also changed the character of botanical illustrations, as noted in an earlier post on Linnaeus's collaboration with the artist Georg Ehret during their time together at George Clifford's estate in the Netherlands. Ehret had already been schooled in the necessity for accuracy and detail by the exacting German botanist Christoph Jacob Trew, but Linnaeus introduced him to a classification system based on the number of male and female parts in a flower. In many plants, these structures are difficult to see without a magnifying glass or without dissecting the flower. So while small drawings of such features sometimes appeared at the bottom of botanical illustrations before this time, they then became more common (Nickelsen, 2006). Also, there was more emphasis on the flower in the main drawing as well. At times this attention was coupled with less detail on the non-reproductive parts of the plants. For example, the branch and at least some of the leaves would be just outlines in ink drawings where only the flower was colored. There were also cases, as in Johannes Gessner's Tabulae phytographicae (1795-1804), where flowers and fruits were presented with almost no attention to other plant parts (see figure above). Linnaeus's work also had the far reaching effect of making botany more popular and thus increasing demand for botanical publications in a variety of formats, most calling for illustrations, again of various sorts. There were richly illustrated florilegia that emphasized the beauty of plants growing in a particular area, or even in a particular garden. Usually these had engravings hand-colored on fine paper and produced in small print runs. More technical books tended to have uncolored illustrations; many botanists thought that color distracted the eye from the structural elements that were important in identifying species. Toward the end of the century the thirst for botanical publications led to William Curtis's first issue of the Botanical Magazine which became a long-running journal known for its hand-colored illustrations. Some of the early ones were done by William Kilburn who then went on to a long career in producing gorgeous botanically themed wallpapers and fabrics, harkening back to the floral embroideries discussed in the last post (Christie, 2011). After Kilburn, James Sowerby took over (Henderson, 2015). This was early in his illustrious career as a natural history artist. Sowerby then teamed up with James Edward Smith, the purchaser of Linnaeus's herbarium and founder of the Linnean Society, to begin a long-running series of books on English Botany. These were printed in a small format making them accessible to many interested in botany, yet Smith's plant descriptions was written with accuracy so they were considered valuable references. Distinguished gardeners began sending rare plants to Sowerby to use in his paintings, thus adding prestige to their horticultural abilities and all this indicating the continuing passion for plants. This trend wasn't just in Britain. I've already mentioned Ehret's art in Trew's botanical publications in German, while in France, the center of botanical activity was at the King's Garden, the Jardin des Plantes, in Paris. From 1666 to the French Revolution in 1789, there was a full-time artist working at the garden, beginning with Nicolas Robert and including Claude Aubriet who created impressive work for Joseph Pitton de Tournefort's book on the plants of the Middle East, Aubriet having traveled with the botanist on this voyage; he also illustrated other work by Tournefort. He was succeeded by his student, Madeleine Basseporte, one of a growing number of women distinguishing themselves as botanical artists. Finally, there was Gérard van Spaendonck who survived the revolution, was later honored by Napoleon, and taught Pierre-Joseph Redouté, whom many consider the greatest flower painter of all time. One further aspect of 18th century botanical art to consider is the trend, already mentioned in the case of Aubriet and Tournefort, to include artists along with naturalists on expeditions to little known parts of the world. When James Cook sailed on his first round-the-world voyage, Joseph Banks and Linnaeus's student Daniel Solander collected and described plant specimens, and the artist Sydney Parkinson created over 900 drawings of them (Banks et al., 1980). The ill-fated expedition headed by Jean-François La Pérouse had a similar team as did the voyage of Antoine Bruni d'Entrecasteaux who was sent in search of his missing countrymen (Williams, 2003). There were also a number of Spanish enterprises, most to Latin America toward the end of the 18th century (Bleichmar, 2011). It is interesting that many of the expeditions resulted in no publications or extremely delayed ones. Banks's planned flora of Australia wasn't published until the 1980s, and much of the Spanish material was never published by members of the expeditions, though the superb illustrations produced by the artists employed by José Celestino Mutis in New Granada are now available on a well-organized website. The 18th century was definitely a century when botanical art flourished, feeding the passion for botany and also for floral decorative art in what could be considered a self-perpetuating circle of influence. In the next post, I'll look at some of the philosophical ramifications of these trends. Banks, J., Solander, D., & Cook, J. (1980). Banks' Florilegium (Vols. 1–34). London, UK: British Museum. Bleichmar, D. (2011). Visible Empire: Botanical Expeditions and Visual Culture in the Hispanic Enlightenment. Chicago, IL: University of Chicago Press. Calman, G. (1977). Ehret: Flower Painter Extraordinary. Oxford, UK: Phaidon. Christie, A. (2011). A taste for seaweed: William Kilburn's late eighteenth-century designs for printed cottons. Journal of Design History, 24(4), 299–314. Henderson, P. (2015). James Sowerby: The Enlightenment's Natural Historian. Kew, UK: Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew. Nickelsen, K. (2006). Draughtsmen, Botanists and Nature: The Construction of Eighteenth-Century Botanical Illustrations. Dordrecht, The Netherlands: Springer. Williams, R. L. (2003). French Botany in the Enlightenment: The Ill-Fated Voyages of La Perouse and his Rescuers. Dordrecht, The Netherlands: Kluwer. Art, Botany, Exploration, History Georg Ehret, James Sowerby ← The 18th-Century Passion for Botany: Women The 18th-Century Passion for Botany: Philosophy → One thought on "The 18th-Century Passion for Botany: Illustrations" Bobbi Angell Great post, Maura. So thorough yet so concise, with great links. Mutis is one of my faves. I look forward to your next post! Bobbi Angell Sent from my iPad Follow Herbarium World on WordPress.com Academy of Natural Sciences Agnes Arber Aimé Bonpland Alexander von Humboldt Arnica Asa Gray BHL Biodiversity Heritage Library botanical illustration Carl Linnaeus Charles Darwin Civil War Climate Change Conrad Gessner curation diatoms Digital Humanities DNA sequencing Dumbarton Oaks Research Library GBIF georeferencing Hans Sloane Helen and William Bynum herbarium iDigBio Jean-Jacques Rousseau John Bartram John Cage John Torrey Joseph Banks Joseph Dalton Hooker Latin America Laurence Hill Lord Petre Luca Ghini Martyn Kelly nature prints Near East New York Botanical Garden Oakes Ames Oak Spring Garden Foundation Orchids Paper Paul Klee Royal Botanic Gardens Royal Botanic Gardens Kew Ruth Patrick South Carolina Thomas Horsfield Vicki Funk Categories Select Category Aesthetics (15) Art (78) Biodiversity (18) Botanists (64) Botany (178) Collecting (61) Collections (120) Digital Collections (35) Digitization (20) Ecology (10) Economic Botany (8) Education (12) Environment (24) Exploration (27) History (175) Horticulture (34) Outreach (9) Resources (11) Social Media (3) Specimens (80) Systematics (37) Technology (1) Uses (27) Past Posts Select Month January 2022 December 2021 November 2021 October 2021 September 2021 August 2021 July 2021 June 2021 May 2021 April 2021 March 2021 February 2021 January 2021 December 2020 November 2020 October 2020 September 2020 August 2020 July 2020 June 2020 May 2020 April 2020 March 2020 February 2020 January 2020 December 2019 November 2019 October 2019 September 2019 August 2019 July 2019 June 2019 May 2019 April 2019 March 2019 February 2019 January 2019 December 2018 November 2018 October 2018 September 2018 August 2018 July 2018 June 2018 May 2018 April 2018 March 2018 February 2018 January 2018 December 2017 November 2017 October 2017 September 2017 August 2017 July 2017 June 2017 May 2017 April 2017 March 2017 February 2017 January 2017 December 2016 November 2016 June 2015 May 2015 April 2015 March 2015 February 2015 Botanical Collections, NHM Linnaean Herbarium NYBG Herbarium Ulisse Aldrovandi Herbarium US National Herbarium

24 PEOPLE are to lose their jobs at the Springfield Road-based Initial linen and garment company which has confirmed it is to close its operation in West Belfast. Initial said that following a detailed consultation period, the company is unable to identify a viable alternative to closing the loss making operation at the Springfield Road site. Employees were informed of the decision on Tuesday and the company said the site will close when it has met all customer and colleague obligations. "I have spoken to a number of affected staff and some of them have been at the firm for 20 years – they are devastated. 'We heard this last month that the site could close and I had arranged meetings on site with some of the employees, members of the Trade Unions and I met with senior management to see what we could so to try and protect these jobs, to see if they could be relocated. They were on a consultation period, they came through that and 24 jobs are to be lost," he said. Operations Director of Initial Brian Lynggard said: "It is with great disappointment that we have taken this difficult decision to close our linen and garments business in Belfast. "We are working closely with all affected colleagues. At this time, we reluctantly expect to have to make 24 colleagues redundant, although we are still working to find alternative employment and are hoping to be able to reduce the final redundancy number further. Initial will move the remaining Floorcare operations to its Duncrue Crescent site, from where its washroom business is already operating.

Mar 22, 2019 (WiredRelease via COMTEX) -- Fish processing is widely used for preservation and processing. Fish processing helps to keep fish fresh for longer period of time with minimum loss of flavor, taste, odour, and nutritive value. The research report on Global Fish Processing Market 2019 keenly analyzes significant features of the industry. The analysis servers market size, latest trends, drivers, threats, opportunities, as well as key market segments. It is based on past data and present market needs. Also, involve distinct business approaches accepted by the decision makers. That intensifies growth and make a remarkable stand in the industry. The Fish Processing market will grow with a significant CAGR between 2019 to 2028. The report segregates the complete market on the basis of key players, geographical areas, and segments. The study includes basic information about the product such as Fish Processing scope, segmentation, outlook. Likewise, it includes supply-demand static, investment feasibleness, and factors that constrain the growth of an industry. Especially, it offers product demand, yearly revenue and growth facet of the industry. Charoen Pokphand Foods PCL, Maruha Nichiro Corporation, Nippon Suisan Kaisha Ltd, Marine Harvest ASA, Thai Union Frozen Products PLC, High Liner Foods Incorporated, Royal Greenland A/S, Leroy Seafood Group ASA, Norway Pelagic ASA, Pesconova S.A. Asia Pacific market dominates the global fish processing market in terms of revenue contribution as compared to that of markets in other regions. The market in the Asia Pacific is projected to register comparatively faster growth in terms of revenue over the next 10 years. Changing living standards of the people, coupled with rising demand for seafood in countries in the region are primary factors projected to drive market growth in the region over the forecast period. Who will all get benefits from Global Fish Processing market research report? * Universities, students, interns, professors and various other academic organization interested in Fish Processing market. * Writer, journalists, editors, reporter and webmasters get to know about Fish Processing . * Private/governmental institutes, project managers associate in Fish Processing industry. * Current or forthcoming Fish Processing market players. In conclusion, the Fish Processing market report divulge research discoveries, results, conclusions. Likewise, reveals different information sources, traders/distributors, suppliers, manufacturers, sales channel, and addendum. In a word, the complete report is a worthwhile document for people interested in market.

Launch Pidgin for the first time (e.g. in a guest session). Connect to the Internet, if you are not connected already. In the "Add Account" window, enter details that are correct except that the password is wrong. The "Add Account" window closes. The "Buddy List" window opens. A short time later, a placard appears inside the Buddy List saying "<account name> disabled" and "Unable to authenticate: Authentication failure". To reduce overall interaction and interface churn, if the computer is connected to the Internet, Pidgin should attempt to sign in to the account before closing the "Add Account" window. If Pidgin can detect that the login name or password is incorrect, it should automatically select the password for retyping (since that's the field most likely to be wrong). At the bottom left of the window (opposite "Cancel" and "Add") appears a spinner and the phrase "Checking details…". The spinner and phrase disappear. An error alert appears over the "Add Account" window. On dismissing the alert, the contents of the password field is selected in the still-open window. An alternative approach would be to show the sign-in error inside the "Add Account" window itself. I'm not sure how that could work without either enlarging the window or looking weird, though. So actually the most interesting thing to me about the user testing story is that it would appear that allowing buddy list to be hidden to the system tray by default is rather user unfriendly. Something that doesn't surprise me as it is a decidedly odd feature to begin with. pidgin could only reasonably attempt to sign in to the account if after saving the account the account would be signed in (that is if the current status says it should be), which I will grant will cover some large percentage of cases. However, I'm worried about the lack of consistency inherent there as well as the fact that signing people in involves exposing their presence to the people authorized to see their presence and that may or may not be something people expect (especially if they know enough to know that the account will not be signed on given the current status). If we want to specifically target absolute first time users then a plugin could be created which does something like this. It would need to watch for the account to be added and wait for the account to either connect or fail and on failure dismiss the buddy list error mini-dialog and pop up the account dialog again (with possibly an extra error dialog or something).

It's a surprise to see if you will receive Twist & Pout or Rebel. Blend of buriti oil, shea butter, rosehip seed oil, and patchouli create a fragrant, soothing and hydrating cleanser. We understand Nubian Heritage has been acquired by Unilever and they will not be featured in future boxes. Sleek, modern looking nail wraps to get your nail game on point. Includes 2 applications (depending on nail size). It's a surprise to see if you will receive Ashford White or Butterfly Bloom.

« What Is Currency Crisis And How Can It Occur? Prof Carron states that "There is a bit of movement in this week's list of the Top 5 Recent Tax Paper Downloads on SSRN". This entry was posted on August 4, 2014 at 03:00 and is filed under FATCA. Tagged: FATCA. You can follow any responses to this entry through the RSS 2.0 feed. You can leave a response, or trackback from your own site.

There is no greater punishment of wickedness that that it is dissatisfied with itself and its deeds. It is safer that a bad man should not be accused, than that he should be acquitted. Titus Livy I existed in a world that never is - the prison of the mind. When it comes to freedom, we are but prisoners of our own desires. Eric Schaub I wrote a million words in the first year, and I could never have done that outside of prison. The worst prison is not of stone. It is of a throbbing heart, outraged by an infamous life. It is the deed that teaches, not the name we give it. Murder and capital punishment are not opposites that cancel one another, but similars that breed their own kind. If we look at Houston, which is a very environmentally toxic place, we find that it has one of the highest levels of young men going to prison and also among the highest levels of illiteracy in the country. I was put into jail as I was going to the shoemaker's to get a shoe which was mended. When I was let out the next morning, I proceeded to finish my errand, and, having put on my mended shoe, joined a huckleberry party, who were impatient to put themselves under my conduct; and in half an hour -- for the horse was soon tackled -- was in the midst of a huckleberry field, on one of our highest hills, two miles off, and then the State was nowhere to be seen. It isn't true that convicts live like animals: animals have more room to move around. They were being driven to a prison, through no fault of their own, in all probability for life. In comparison, how much easier it would be to walk to the gallows than to this tomb of living horrors! Body is a home, a prison and a grave. Reality becomes a prison to those who can't get out of it. Pardon is the virtue of victory. Giuseppe Mazzini Justice renders to every one his due. Cicero (Marcus Tullius Cicero) Taught from infancy that beauty is woman's sceptre, the mind shapes itself to the body, and roaming round its gilt cage, only seeks to adorn its prison. It is not at the table, but in prison, that you learn who your true friends are. The worst of prison life, he thought, was not being able to close his door. Stendhal (pseudonym Henri Beyle) In jail a man has no personality. He is a minor disposal problem and a few entries on reports. Nobody cares who loves or hates him, what he looks like, what he did with his life. Nobody reacts to him unless he gives trouble. Nobody abuses him. All that is asked of him is that he go quietly to the right cell and remain quiet when he gets there. There is nothing to fight against, nothing to be mad at. The jailers are quiet men without animosity or sadism. Faults of the head are punished in this world, those of the heart in another; but as most of our vices are compound, so also is their punishment.

When facial reconstruction, including procedures involving the oral cavity, is called for, a specialist is needed. Surgical procedures of the neck and head area are performed by a maxillofacial surgeon. An oral and maxillofacial surgeon is a dental specialist who has successfully completed an accredited advanced education program in oral and maxillofacial surgery and who currently holds such specialty designation from a Provincial Dental Regulatory Authority. Some common maxillofacial procedures include denture-related procedures and jaw surgery. Protruding chins; crooked or buck teeth or misaligned teeth are good candidates for maxillofacial surgery.

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WiiWareWave needs search tags for its articles. It is hard to find older articles because the search looks for any and all words entered in any order. You need to add a search tag system! I believe search tags are also known as meta tags.

Category: Recent picks The Nice and Accurate Prophecies of Neil Gaiman, Author July 17, 2019 July 11, 2019 NeilLeave a comment The fabulous, ubiquitous, library-loving Neil Gaiman has just announced that his beloved Sandman series of graphic novels has been green-lit as an eleven-part Netflix series. Described by Warner Brothers as a massive deal, Sandman will be one of the most expensive TV series ever made. Fans will be mega-excited by the news and desperate to see the final product–alas, still a long way off. Several previous attempts to film Sandman have fallen by the wayside with one potential director describing the series as "unfilmable". Neil Gaiman is of course no stranger to film and TV adaptations of his work or indeed writing directly for either medium. Just a brief overview of his writing credits brings such notable films and programmes as Good Omens, American Gods, Coraline, Stardust and Mirrormask as well as several Doctor Who episodes and one episode of Babylon 5! Sandman was originally–and famously–pitched as a Wild Cards story to George R. R. Martin, but was turned down due to Neil Gaiman's relatively unknown status at the time. Undeterred, Gaiman went on to write the graphic novels that would become the legends that they are. Here for your delight and entertainment is just a small sample of the numerous, wonderful Neil Gaiman titles we have for you in our libraries. Enjoy! The Sandman. Vol. 1, Preludes & nocturnes / Neil Gaiman, writer; Sam Kieth, Mike Dringenberg, Malcolm Jones III, artists. Also available as an Ebook "In Preludes and Nocturnes, an occultist attempting to capture Death to bargain for eternal life traps her younger brother Dream instead. After his 70 year imprisonment and eventual escape, Dream, also known as Morpheus, goes on a quest for his lost objects of power. On his arduous journey Morpheus encounters Lucifer, John Constantine, and an all-powerful madman." (Adapted from Syndetics summary.) American gods [1]: shadows / story and words by Neil Gaiman; script and layouts by P. Craig Russell; art by Scott Hampton. "This supernatural American road trip fantasy tells the story of a war between the ancient and modern gods. Shadow Moon gets out of jail only to discover his wife is dead. Defeated and broke, he meets the mysterious Mr. Wednesday, who employs him to serve as his bodyguard–thrusting Shadow into a deadly world where a god war is imminent." (Adapted from Syndetics summary.) Also available: American Gods the television series. Click here for availability of Season One. Stardust / Neil Gaiman; original frontispiece and chapter-opening art by Charles Vess. Also available as an eAudiobook "Among the wondrous, beautiful, and strange literary offspring conceived by Neil Gaiman is his magical 1997 fantasy novel, Stardust, remains a top favorite. An enchanting adult fairy tale about a young man who travels beyond the boundaries of his small village to find a fallen star and win the heart of the woman he loves–the basis for the hit motion picture." (Adapted from Syndetics summary.) Also available: Stardust the film. Click here for availability. Good omens / Terry Pratchett and Neil Gaiman. Also available as an eAudiobook "There is a hint of Armageddon in the air. According to the Nice and Accurate Prophecies of Agnes Nutter, Witch, the world will end on a Saturday. Next Saturday, in fact. Except that a somewhat fussy angel and a fast-living demon are not particularly looking forward to the coming Rapture. So if they going to stop it from happening, they've got to find and kill the AntiChrist. There's just one glitch: someone seems to have misplaced him." (Adapted from Syndetics summary.) Coraline / Neil Gaiman; illustrated by Chris Riddell. Also available as an eBook "There is something strange about Coraline's new home. It's not the mist, or the cat that always seems to be watching her, nor the signs of danger that Miss Spink and Miss Forcible, her new neighbours, read in the tea leaves. It's the other house – the one behind the old door in the drawing room. Another mother and father with black-button eyes and papery skin are waiting for Coraline to join them there. And they want her to stay with them. For ever." (Adapted from Syndetics summary.) Also available: Coraline the film. Click here for availability. Fragile things: short fictions and wonders / Neil Gaiman. "Fragile Things is a sterling collection of exceptional tales from Neil Gaiman, multiple award-winning author. A uniquely imaginative creator of wonders whose unique storytelling genius has been acclaimed by a host of literary luminaries from Norman Mailer to Stephen King, Gaiman's astonishing powers are on glorious displays in Fragile Things. Enter and be amazed!" (Adapted from Syndetics summary.) Norse mythology / Neil Gaiman. Also available as an eAudiobook "Neil Gaiman has long been inspired by ancient mythology in creating the fantastical realms of his fiction. In Norse Mythology, Gaiman stays true to the myths in envisioning the major Norse pantheon. The work culminates in Ragnarok, the twilight of the gods and rebirth of a new time and people." (Adapted from Syndetics summary.) Posted in Booklists, DVDs, Fiction, General, ListsTagged eBooks, eLibrary, fiction, Fiction showcase, Overdrive "To a new World of Gods and Monsters". Our latest science fiction and fantasy showcase To a new World of Gods and Monsters. Ha, ha. The creation of life is enthralling, distinctly enthralling, is it not?" –Bride of Frankenstein (1935). In this month's science fiction and fantasy showcase we have a fantastically varied selection of newly acquired titles, including New Zealander David Hair's third book in his epic fantasy series The Sunsurge Quartet called Hearts of Ice; Alastair Reynolds' Permafrost; Neil Asher's latest called The Warship; Anne Bishop's Wild Country and Adrian Tchaikovsky's Children of Ruin. Amongst these literary riches we have another in a long line of books inspired by Frankenstein; or, The Modern Prometheus first published in 1818 by the nineteen year old Mary Wollstonecraft Shelley. The latest literary luminary to be inspired by the work is Jeanette Winterson whose Frankissstein: A Love Story takes a look specifically at gender fluidity, the meaning of love and desire, transformation and artificial intelligence in the light of this legend. Frankissstein : a love story / Jeanette Winterson. "In Brexit Britain, a young transgender doctor called Ry is falling in love – with Victor Stein, a celebrated professor leading the public debate around AI. Across the Atlantic, in Phoenix, Arizona, a cryonics facility houses dozens of bodies of men and women who are medically and legally dead… but waiting to return to life. But the scene is set in 1816, when nineteen-year-old Mary Shelley writes a story about creating a non-biological life-form. What will happen when homo sapiens is no longer the smartest being on the planet?" (Adapted from Syndetics summary) Hearts of ice / David Hair. "Summer is gone, and the world is turning to ice. The Rondian Empress Lyra has lost her husband, her army is defeated and the deadly Masked Cabal have seized the Holy City. Lyra and her fellow dwymancers must master their deadly magic, whatever the cost. Even those who believe themselves to be fighting for good must grasp the reins of power with cold-hearted determination, and use even the most terrible weapon, if they are to stop the world from falling apart… for ever." (Adapted from Syndetics summary) Permafrost / Alastair Reynolds. (print) (ebook) "Fix the past. Save the present. Stop the future. 2080: at a remote site on the edge of the Arctic Circle, a group of scientists, engineers and physicians gather to gamble humanity's future on one last-ditch experiment. Their goal: to make a tiny alteration to the past, averting a global catastrophe while at the same time leaving recorded history intact. To make the experiment work, they just need one last recruit: an ageing schoolteacher whose late mother was the foremost expert on the mathematics of paradox." (Adapted from Syndetics summary) Children of ruin / Adrian Tchaikovsky. (print) (ebook) "Earth's terraforming program took to the stars. On the world they called Nod, scientists discovered alien life – but it was their mission to overwrite it with the memory of Earth. Then humanity's great empire fell, and the program's decisions were lost to time. Aeons later, humanity and its new spider allies detected fragmentary radio signals between the stars. They dispatched an exploration vessel, hoping to find cousins from old Earth. But those ancient terraformers woke something on Nod better left undisturbed." (Adapted from Syndetics summary) The warship / Neal Asher. (print) (ebook) "Their nemesis lies in wait . . . Orlandine has destroyed the alien Jain super-soldier by deploying an actual black hole. And now that same weapon hoovers up clouds of lethal Jain technology, swarming within the deadly accretion disc's event horizon. Yet behind her back, forces incite rebellion on her home world, planning her assassination. Earth Central, humanity's ruling intelligence, knows Orlandine was tricked into releasing her weapon, and fears the Jain are behind it." (Adapted from Syndetics summary) Wild country / Anne Bishop. (print) (ebook) "There are ghost towns in the world – places where humans were annihilated in retaliation for the slaughter of the Others. One of those places is Bennett, a town surrounded by wild country. Now efforts are being made to resettle Bennett as a community where humans and Others live together. A young female police officer has been hired as the deputy to a Wolfgard sheriff. A deadly type of Other wants to run a human-style saloon. And a couple with four foster children – one of whom is a blood prophet – hope to find acceptance." (Adapted from Syndetics summary) Exhalation / Ted Chiang. (print) (ebook) "This much-anticipated second collection of stories is signature Ted Chiang, full of revelatory ideas and deeply sympathetic characters. In 'The Merchant and the Alchemist's Gate,' a portal through time forces a fabric seller in ancient Baghdad to grapple with past mistakes and the temptation of second chances. In the epistolary 'Exhalation,' an alien scientist makes a shocking discovery with ramifications not just for his own people, but for all of reality. In Exhalation, Ted Chiang wrestles with the oldest questions on earth – What is the nature of the universe? What does it mean to be human?" (Syndetics summary) A brightness long ago / Guy Gavriel Kay. "In a chamber overlooking the nighttime waterways of a maritime city, a man looks back on his youth and the people who shaped his life. Danio Cerra's intelligence won him entry to a renowned school, though he was only the son of a tailor. He took service at the court of a ruling count – and soon learned why that man was known as The Beast. Danio's fate changed the moment he recognized Adria Ripoli as she entered the count's chambers one night – intending to kill. Born to power, Adria had chosen a life of danger – and freedom – instead." (Adapted from Syndetics summary) Posted in Booklists, Fiction, ListsTagged fiction, Fiction showcase A novel take on desire and longing July 8, 2019 July 4, 2019 DustyLeave a comment This month's new romance novels have something for everyone, from the outstandingly popular online series After by Anna Todd to Jenny Colgan's warmth and smiles in The Bookshop on the Shore. We've also got a charming new twist on Pride and Prejudice from Uzma Jalaluddin! From the racy to the retiring, these recent additions to our romance collection are sure to enchant and beguile. Enjoy! Tell me lies : a novel / Lovering, Carola "Lucy Albright is far from her Long Island upbringing when she arrives on the campus of her small California college and happy to be hundreds of miles from her mother–whom she's never forgiven for an act of betrayal in her early teen years. Quickly grasping at her fresh start, Lucy embraces college life and all it has to offer. And then she meets Stephen DeMarco . . ." (Adapted from the catalogue.) The bookshop on the shore / Colgan, Jenny "Zoe is a single mother, sinking beneath the waves trying to cope by herself in London. Hari, her gorgeous little boy is perfect in every way – except for the fact that he just doesn't speak, at all. Then Hari's aunt suggests Zoe could move to Scotland to help run a bookshop. Going from the lonely city to a small village in the Highlands could be the change Zoe and Hari desperately need." (Adapted from the catalogue.) Loving Sylvie / Smither, Elizabeth "A sensual, witty novel that weaves together the stories of three women, beautifully written by one of our most clever wordsmiths. Elizabeth Smither takes us into the richly imagined worlds of three women, written with such beautifully deft skill as to make them vivid and alive." (Catalogue.) Ayesha at last / Jalaluddin, Uzma "Ayesha Shamsi has a lot going on. Though she's lonely, she doesn't want an arranged marriage. Then she meets Khalid who is just as smart and handsome as he is conservative and judgmental. When a surprise engagement between Khalid and Ayesha's cousin Hafsa is announced, Ayesha is torn between how she feels about the straightforward Khalid and his family; and the truth she realizes about herself." (Adapted from the catalogue.) A love story for bewildered girls / Morgan, Emma "Grace has a 'full and interesting life' – which is code for not married. Her life is the envy of her friends, but all this time she has been waiting in secret for love to hit her so hard that she would run out of breath. When Grace meets a beautiful woman, she falls suddenly and desperately in love. At the same party, lawyer Annie meets the man of her dreams. And across the city, Violet, who is afraid of almost everything, is making another discovery of her own . . ." (Adapted from the catalogue.) The girl he used to know / Garvis Graves, Tracey "Annika Rose likes being alone. She feels lost in social situations, saying the wrong thing or acting the wrong way. She just can't read people. She prefers the quiet solitude of books or playing chess to being around others. Apart from Jonathan. She liked being around him, but she hasn't seen him for ten years. Until now that is. And she's not sure he'll want to see her again after what happened all those years ago. Annika Rose likes being alone. Except that, actually, she doesn't like being alone at all." (Catalogue.) A summer to remember / Moorcroft, Sue "WHERE? Nelson's Bar is the perfect little village. Nestled away on the Norfolk coast we can offer you no signal, no Wi-Fi and – most importantly – no problems! WHO? The ideal candidate will be looking for an escape from their cheating scumbag ex-fiancé, a diversion from their entitled cousin, and a break from their traitorous friends. WHAT YOU'LL GET! Accommodation in a chocolate-box cottage, plus a summer filled with blue skies and beachside walks. Oh, and a reunion with the man of your dreams." (Adapted from the catalogue.) After / Todd, Anna "Book One of the After series–the Internet sensation with millions of readers. Tessa didn't plan on meeting H. during her freshman year of college. But now that she has, her life will never be the same." (Catalogue.) Star crossed / Darke, Minnie "When Justine Carmichael (Sagittarius, aspiring journalist and sceptic) bumps into her old friend Nick Jordan (Aquarius, struggling actor and true believer) it could be by chance. Or it could be written in the stars. Justine works at the Alexandria Park Star – and Nick, she now learns, relies on the magazine's astrology column to guide him in life. Looking for a way to get Nick's attention, Justine has the idea of making a few small alterations to 'Aquarius' before it goes to print. What harm could it possibly do?" (Adapted from the catalogue.) Posted in Fiction, General, Recent picksTagged fiction, New Zealand authors, romance fiction New Tales for Long Winter Nights July 3, 2019 DustyLeave a comment Our latest fiction offers a diverse range of titles, from embellished folk tales and Shakespearean plays to modern surrealist creations. Gingerbread by Helen Oyeyemi resonates with our deep familiarity of "once upon a time", Mark Haddon's The Porpoise riffs on a minor Shakespearean tale and in Improvement Joan Silber's award-winning title explores the complex interweaving of small events affecting the lives around us. We've also got eerie short stories from Argentinian author Samanta Sweblin and translator Megan McDowell, while New Zealand author Maxine Alterio delivers a swift, menacing tale with The Gulf Between. Great winter reading for those long, dark evenings! The gulf between / Alterio, Maxine "A foreigner is seriously injured not far from Julia's safe Queenstown hideaway. Why does he have her name in his wallet? His unexpected arrival takes Julia back forty-five years to London, where as an impulsive young woman she first met Benito Moretti–a meeting that was to change her life, taking her to the glittering Gulf of Naples. There Julia found herself pitted against her belligerent mother-in-law and Benito's sinister brother in a lethal battle for her husband and children." (Catalogue) The runaways / Bhutto, Fatima "Anita's mother is a maalish wali, paid to massage the tired bones of rich women. But Anita's life will change forever when she meets her elderly neighbour. On the other side of Karachi lives Monty, whose father owns half the city. But when a rebellious girl joins his school, Monty will find his life going in a very different direction. Sunny's father left India and went to England to give his son the opportunities he never had. Yet Sunny doesn't fit in anywhere. These three lives will cross in the desert . . ." (Adapted from the catalogue) The braid / Colombani, Laetitia "Smita is an untouchable, her job to clean with her bare hands the village latrines. Giulia is a worker in her father's wig workshop. She washes, bleaches and dyes the hair. When her father is the victim of a serious accident, she quickly discovers her family have been living a lie. Sarah is a reputed lawyer. Just as she is about to be promoted, she learns she has breast cancer. Her seemingly perfect existence begins to show its cracks. Three lives, bound by a rare expression of courage." (Adapted from the catalogue) The porpoise / Haddon, Mark "A newborn baby is the sole survivor of a terrifying plane crash. She is raised in wealthy isolation by an overprotective father. She knows nothing of the rumours about a beautiful young woman, hidden from the world. When a suitor visits, he understands far more than he should. Forced to run for his life, he escapes aboard The Porpoise, an assassin on his tail. So begins a wild adventure of a novel, damp with salt spray, blood and tears." (Adapted from the catalogue) Gingerbread / Oyeyemi, Helen "Perdita Lee may appear your average British schoolgirl; Harriet Lee may seem just a working mother trying to penetrate the school social hierarchy; but there are signs that they might not be as normal as they think they are. And then there's the gingerbread they make. Londoners may find themselves able to take or leave it, but it's very popular in Druhástrana, the far-away (and, according to Wikipedia, non-existent) land of Harriet Lee's early youth . . ." (Adapted from the catalogue) The altruists / Ridker, Andrew "Arthur Alter is in trouble. A middling professor at a Midwestern college, he can't afford his mortgage, he's exasperated his much younger girlfriend, and his kids won't speak to him. And then there's the money–the small fortune his late wife Francine kept secret, which she bequeathed directly to his children. On the verge of losing the family home, Arthur invites his children back to St. Louis under the guise of a reconciliation . . ." (Adapted from the catalogue) Improvement / Silber, Joan (print) (eBook) "Winner of the PEN/Faulkner Award for Fiction. A novel that examines conviction, connection and the possibility of generosity in the face of loss, Improvement is as intricately woven together as Kiki's beloved Turkish rugs and as colourful as the tattoos decorating Reyna's body, with narrative twists and turns as surprising and unexpected as the lives all around us. Silber's most shining achievement yet." (Adapted from the catalogue) Mouthful of birds: stories / Schweblin, Samanta "The crunch of a bird's wing. Abandoned by the roadside, newlywed brides scream with rage as they are caught in the headlights of a passing car. A cloud of butterflies, so beautiful it smothers. Unearthly and unexpected, these stories burrow their way into your psyche with the feel of a sleepless night. Every shadow and bump in the dark takes on huge implications, leaving the pulse racing–blurring the line between the real and the strange." (Catalogue) Posted in Fiction, Recent picksTagged contemporary fiction, fiction Dublin Noir: New Mystery Fiction June 19, 2019 June 17, 2019 PaulLeave a comment What exactly makes a murderer? What leads to the decision to kill? These are the questions Irish author Olivia Kiernan considered when writing the second book in her Frankie Sheehan series, The Killer in Me. The Financial Times has called The Killer in Me fresh, tense and gruesome, while the Wall Street Journal described it as a "captivating new thriller." Now you, too, can discover why it just might be one of the best police procedural stories this year. Also new to Wellington City Libraries this month: the latest works from Christi Daugherty, S.C. Perkins and Scottish author (and founder of the Bloody Scotland crime writing festival) Alex Gray. Enjoy! Only the dead can tell / Gray, Alex "When Dorothy Guildford is found stabbed to death in her home, all signs point to her husband, Peter. The forensic psychologist is convinced there's more to the case than meets the eye but Police Scotland are certain they have their man. While DC Kirsty Wilson searches for evidence that will put Peter away for good, she is shocked to discover a link to a vast human-trafficking operation . . ." (Adapted from the catalogue.) The killer in me / Kiernan, Olivia "Murder convict Sean Hennessy is released from prison to return to a seaside community in Dublin. He has always professed his innocence. But within months of his release, two bodies appear in the peaceful suburb of Clontarf. With a TV documentary pushing the public's sympathies in Hennessy's direction, the original evidence against him is called into question and Detective Frankie Sheehan finds herself doubting her original analysis of the case." (Adapted from the catalogue.) Murder once removed / Perkins, S. C. "According to her friends, Lucy Lancaster, Austin, Texas genealogist, has never been drunk. Tipsy, sure, but drunk? No way. So when she arrives back at her office from a three-martini lunch a few sheets to the wind, it's a notable occasion. Even more momentous is what her client, Austin billionaire Gus Halloran, has announced on live television with a blotto Lucy standing at his side: Texas senator Caleb Applewhite might be responsible for the murder of Seth Halloran." (Adapted from the catalogue.) A dangerous collaboration / Raybourn, Deanna "Victorian adventuress Veronica Speedwell is whisked off to a remote island off the tip of Cornwall when her natural historian colleague Stoker's brother calls in a favour. On the pretext of wanting a companion to accompany him to Lord Malcolm Romilly's house party, Tiberius persuades Veronica to pose as his fiancée–much to Stoker's chagrin. But upon arriving, it becomes clear that the party is not as innocent as it had seemed." (Adapted from the catalogue.) A beautiful corpse / Daugherty, Christi "With its antebellum houses and ancient oak trees draped in a veil of Spanish moss, Savannah's graceful downtown is famous around the world. When a woman is killed in the heart of that affluent district, the shock is felt throughout the city. But for crime reporter Harper McClain, this story is personal. The corpse has a familiar face . . ." (Adapted from the catalogue.) Posted in Booklists, Fiction, GeneralTagged crime, fiction, fiction mysteries, new fiction, procedural crime, recent picks The Expanse: the best sci-fi around?! June 17, 2019 June 14, 2019 NeilLeave a comment Stars are better off without us." ― James S.A. Corey, Leviathan Wakes Written by James S. A. Corey (the pen name used by collaborators Daniel Abraham and Ty Franck), the Expanse series has gained wide-ranging critical and popular success. The Expanse is set in the near future where humankind has colonized the solar system. One of the core themes is the vastness of the universe and the difficulties humans have in relating to its scale and alienness. The eighth book in the series, Tiamat's Wrath, was released last month, while the fourth series of the television adaptation is due to air later this year. With a total of four Hugo and three Saturn Award nominations between them, both the books and television series are definitely worth getting your teeth into. Enjoy! Leviathan wakes / James S.A. Corey. "Two hundred years after migrating into space, mankind is in turmoil. When a reluctant ship's captain and washed-up detective find themselves involved in the case of a missing girl, what they discover brings our solar system to the brink of civil war, and exposes the greatest conspiracy in human history." (Adapted from Syndetics summary) For The Expanse Season One DVD availability click here. Caliban's war / James S.A. Corey. "For someone who didn't intend to wreck the solar system's balance of power, Jim Holden did a pretty good job of it. While Earth and Mars have stopped shooting each other, the core alliance is shattered. Then, on one of Jupiter's moons, a single super-soldier attacks, slaughtering soldiers indiscriminately. The race is on to discover whether this is the vanguard of an alien army, or if the danger lies closer to home." (Adapted from Syndetics summary) Also available as an eAudiobook. For The Expanse Season Two DVD availability click here. Abaddon's Gate / James S. A. Corey. "For generations, the solar system was humanity's great frontier. Until now. The alien artefact working through its program under the clouds of Venus has emerged to build a massive structure: a gate that leads into a starless dark. Jim Holden and the crew of the Rocinante are part of a vast flotilla of ships going out to examine the artefact. But behind the scenes, a complex plot is unfolding. The greatest danger is the one they brought with them." (Adapted from Syndetics summary) Tiamat's wrath / James S.A. Corey. "Thirteen hundred gates have opened to solar systems around the galaxy. But as humanity builds its interstellar empire in the alien ruins, the mysteries and threats grow deeper. Elvi Okoye begins a desperate search to discover the nature of a genocide that happened before the first human beings existed, and to find weapons to fight a war against forces at the edge of the imaginable." (Adapted from Syndetics summary) Posted in Booklists, Fiction, GeneralTagged eAudiobooks, eLibrary, fiction, Fiction showcase, Overdrive, science fiction What to read now Game of Thrones has ended! Different roads sometimes lead to the same castle." ― George R.R. Martin, A Game of Thrones Are you one of the hordes of people suffering from Game of Thrones withdrawal symptoms? Are you missing the dragons? The action? The intrigue? Are you wondering where to go for fantastic new fantasy–or perhaps you even want a story that explores different concepts and ideas? Then fear not, help is at hand! We've selected a sample of the best fantasy epics around–and all of them are available from your friendly neighbourhood library branch or as part of our eLibrary. Enjoy! (For our more extensive Overdrive list of recommendations click here.) The broken kingdoms / N.K. Jemisin. "In the city of Shadow, beneath the World Tree, alleyways shimmer with magic and godlings live hidden among mortalkind. Oree Shoth, a blind artist, takes in a strange homeless man on an impulse. This act of kindness engulfs Oree in a nightmarish conspiracy. Someone, somehow, is murdering godlings, leaving their desecrated bodies all over the city. And Oree's guest is at the heart of it. . . " (Adapted from Syndetics summary) Fool's assassin / Robin Hobb. "FitzChivalry–royal bastard and former king's assassin–has left his life of intrigue behind. As far as the rest of the world knows, FitzChivalry Farseer is dead and buried. Masquerading as Tom Badgerlock, Fitz is now married to his childhood sweetheart and leading the quiet life of a country squire. At least he is, until the appearance of menacing, pale-skinned strangers. Now, to protect his new life, the former assassin must once again take up his old one . . ." (Adapted from Syndetics summary) Also available as an eBook. The sorcerer's daughter: the defenders of Shannara / Terry Brooks. "The mysterious, magic-wielding Druid order has existed for long ages, battling any evil that threatens the Four Lands–and struggling to be understood and accepted by outsiders. But their hopes of building goodwill are dashed when a demon's murderous rampage at a peace summit leaves their political opponents dead–casting new suspicions upon the Druids and forcing them to flee from enemies both mortal and monstrous." (Adapted from Syndetics summary) Also available: The Shannara Chronicles television series. Click here for availability of Season One and here for availability of Season Two. League of dragons / Naomi Novik. "Napoleon's invasion of Russia has been roundly thwarted. But even as Capt. William Laurence and the dragon Temeraire pursue the retreating enemy through an unforgiving winter, Napoleon is raising a new force, and he'll soon have enough men and dragons to resume the offensive. While the emperor regroups, the allies have an opportunity to strike first and defeat him once and for all–if internal struggles and petty squabbles don't tear them apart." (Adapted from Syndetics summary) Also available as an eBook. Heir to Sevenwaters / Juliet Marillier. "Lady Aisling of Sevenwaters has given birth to another child–a new heir. But the family's joy turns to despair when the baby is taken from his room and something unnatural is left in his place. Clodagh must enter the showy Otherworld and confront the powerful prince who rules there." (Syndetics summary) Voyager: Outlander Book 3 / Diana Gabaldon. "Their passionate encounter happened long ago by whatever measurement Claire Randall took. Two decades before, she had travelled back in time and into the arms of a gallant eighteenth-century Scot named Jamie Fraser. Then she returned to her own century to bear his child, believing him dead in the tragic battle of Culloden. Yet his memory has never lessened its hold on her–and her body still cries out for him in her dreams. Then Claire discovers that Jamie survived . . ." (Adapted from Syndetics summary) Also available: the Outlander television series. Click here for availability. "Savage Sword of Conan, Volume 1, Roy Thomas (ebook) In the mid 1970s following the colossal success of Conan the Barbarian, Roy Thomas helped expand the universe of Conan to showcase further stories and the talents of some of the comics industry's best with the equally popular Savage Sword of Conan magazine. Now, for the first time in over thirty years, these primal tales, featuring Robert E. Howard's most popular character, are available, collecting all Savage Sword Conan stories beginning with issue one." (Overdrive description) Pawn of Prophecy / David Eddings (ebook) "Myths tell of the ancient wars of Gods and men, and a powerful object–the Orb–that ended the bloodshed. As long as it was held by the line of Riva, it would assure the peace. But a dark force has stolen the Orb, and the prophecies tell of war. Young farm boy Garion knows nothing of myth or fate. But then the mysterious Old Storyteller visits his aunt, and they embark on a sudden journey." (Adapted from Overdrive description) The priory of the orange tree / Samantha Shannon. "The House of Berethnet has ruled for a thousand years. Still unwed, Queen Sabran must conceive a daughter to protect her realm from destruction–but assassins are getting closer. Ead Duryan is an outsider at court. Though she has risen to the position of lady-in-waiting, she is loyal to a hidden society of mages. Ead keeps a watchful eye on Sabran, protecting her with forbidden magic. Across the dark sea, Tane is forced to make a choice that could see her life unravel." (Adapted from Syndetics summary) Also available as an eBook. Posted in Booklists, Fiction, GeneralTagged eBooks, fantasy, fiction, Fiction showcase, Overdrive Sir Julius Vogel Awards Announced! Aotearoa/New Zealand has a long history of publishing exciting science fiction and fantasy, from Anno Domini 2000, or, Woman's Destiny by former Prime Minister Sir Julius Vogel to The Dreamhunter Duet by Elizabeth Knox to Ngā Waituhi o Rēhua by Katerina Te Heikoko Mataira. Each year the best of this local sci-fi and fantasy is recognised at the Sir Julius Vogel Awards, with awards for novels, short stories, fan productions and more. This year the Vogels were announced at GeyserCon, the 40th National Science Fiction and Fantasy Convention in Rotorua. Congratulations to all the winners! And next year things get even bigger. In 2020 the Vogels will be held as part of CoNZealand, the 78th World Science Fiction Convention–happening right here in Wellington. Guests include Mercedes Lackey, Larry Dixon, Greg Broadmore and toastmaster George R.R. Martin! To get you started, we've got a list of past Vogel winners and finalists currently available in our collection. And for everyone who went to GeyserCon, we hope you had a great time! Fosterling, by Emma Neale (ebook) "A young man is found unconscious in a remote forest. He is over seven feet tall, his skin covered in thick hair which reminds onlookers of an animal's pelt. When he wakes in a city hospital, he is eerily uncommunicative. Speculation begins. Medics want to run tests on him, the media want to get his story, and the public want to gawp and prod. A moving, compelling story about society and our reactions to difference." (Adapted from the Overdrive description) Dreamer's pool : a Blackthorn & Grim novel / Marillier, Juliet "In exchange for help escaping her long and wrongful imprisonment, embittered magical healer Blackthorn has vowed to set aside her bid for vengeance against the man who destroyed all that she once held dear. Followed by a former prison mate, a silent hulk of a man named Grim, she travels north to Dalriada. There she'll live on the fringe of a mysterious forest, duty bound for seven years to assist anyone who asks for her help…" (Adapted from the catalogue) The traitor and the thief / Ward, Gareth "Discovered picking pockets at Coxford's Corn Market, fourteen year old Sin is hunted across the city. Caught by the enigmatic Eldritch Moons, Sin is offered a way out of his life of crime: join the Covert Operations Group (COG) and train to become a spy. At Lenheim Palace, Sin learns spy craft while trying not to break the school's Cast-Iron Rules. Secrets, spies and steampunk gadgets abound in this fantastic adventure story!" (Adapted from the catalogue) Into the mist / Murray, Lee "When New Zealand Defense Force Sergeant Taine McKenna and his squad are tasked with escorting a bunch of civilian contractors into Te Urewera National Park, it seems a strange job for the army. Taine draws on ancient tribal wisdom as he becomes desperate to bring his charges out alive. Will it be enough to stop the nightmare? And when the mist clears, will anyone be left?" (Adapted from the catalogue) Onyx javelin / Wheeler, Steve "Move over Star Wars! This is a superb space opera… humans and hybrids and strange new creatures fighting for survival on Earth and across the galaxies. There is life everywhere throughout the Milky Way Galaxy. It takes forms that will astonish and frighten, that will challenge and terrify as they exist within the greater fight of existence: eat or be eaten. But who is the enemy really?" (Adapted from the catalogue) Heartwood / Robertson, Freya "Chonrad, Lord of Barle, comes to the fortified temple of Heartwood for Congressus peace talks, which Heartwood's holy knights have called in an attempt to stave off war in Anguis. But the Arbor, Hearthwood's holy tree, is failing, and because the land and its people are one, it is imperative the nations try to make peace." (Adapted from the catalogue) When we wake / Healey, Karen "In 2027, sixteen-year-old Tegan is just like every other girl–playing the guitar, falling in love, and protesting the wrongs of the world with her friends. But then Tegan dies, waking up 100 years in the future as the unknowing first government guinea pig to be cryogenically frozen and successfully revived. Appalling secrets about her new world come to light, and Tegan must choose to either keep her head down or fight for a better future." (Adapted from the catalogue) Posted in Booklists, Fiction, GeneralTagged award winning authors, book awards, CoNZealand, fantasy, fiction, fiction news, science fiction Dame Fiona Kidman discusses This Mortal Boy! June 5, 2019 June 5, 2019 NeilLeave a comment It's not easy to win a New Zealand Book Award–and it's even harder to win one on four separate occasions! But that's exactly what Acorn Foundation Fiction Prize-winner Dame Fiona Kidman has managed to achieve, claiming an award in 1988, 2001, 2006 and now in 2019 with the fantastic This Mortal Boy. This Mortal Boy is the story of Albert Black, the second-to-last man to be executed in New Zealand. Judges described it as a work that "pulls the reader into mid-century New Zealand–the restlessness of a new urban youth culture, the moral panic that led to the Mazengarb report, the damning assumptions of the legal profession and the unchallenged omissions that eased the pathway to a young man's death." Wellington City Libraries recently had the pleasure of hosting Dame Fiona Kidman as part of our Mystery in the Library event at Karori Library, along with fellow authors Kelly Dennett, Kirsten McDougall, Jennifer Lane and Brannavan Gnanalingam. If you weren't able to make it to this excellent event, never fear! You can now listen to it in its entirety via the podcast below–including Dame Fiona Kidman describing the process that brought This Mortal Boy to fruition. Enjoy! Posted in FictionTagged fiction, fiction news, Fiction Prizes, Fiction showcase, mystery author, mystery books, mystery writers panel Check out the shortlist for the 33rd Arthur C. Clarke award! May 28, 2019 May 20, 2019 NeilLeave a comment "The only way to discover the limits of the possible is to go beyond them into the impossible." – Arthur C. Clarke The prestigious Arthur C. Clarke award shortlist has just been announced. The award aims to honour the best science fiction novel of the year – 124 books were submitted and six have make the shortlist. The judges have selected a fantastically varied list from Simon Stålenhag's graphic novel The Electric State to Ahmed Saadawi's politically nuanced Frankenstein in Baghdad, as well as novels in the cyberpunk and military space opera genre. The judges will have a really tough time deciding who the final winner will be! The 2019 Arthur C. Clarke Award shortlist: Semiosis / Sue Burke. "Colonists from Earth wanted the perfect home, but they'll have to survive on the one they found. They don't realize another life form watches…and waits… Only mutual communication can forge an alliance with the planet's sentient species and prove that humans are more than tools." (Adapted from Syndetics summary) Also available as an ebook. The electric state / Simon Stålenhag. "In late 1997, a runaway teenager and her small yellow toy robot travel west through a strange American landscape where the ruins of gigantic battle drones litter the countryside, along with the discarded trash of a high-tech consumerist society addicted to a virtual-reality system. As they approach the edge of the continent, the world outside the car window seems to unravel at an ever faster pace, as if somewhere beyond the horizon, the hollow core of civilization has finally caved in." (Adapted from Syndetics summary) Frankenstein in Baghdad : a novel / Ahmed Saadawi ; translated from the Arabic by Jonathan Wright. "From the rubble-strewn streets of U.S.-occupied Baghdad, Hadi — a scavenger and an oddball fixture at a local café — collects human body parts and stitches them together to create a corpse. His goal, he claims, is for the government to recognize the parts as people and to give them proper burial. But when the corpse goes missing, a wave of eerie murders sweeps the city, and reports stream in of a horrendous-looking criminal who, though shot, cannot be killed. Hadi soon realizes he's created a monster, one that needs human flesh to survive–first from the guilty, and then from anyone in its path." (Adapted from Syndetics summary) Rosewater / Tade Thompson. "Rosewater is a town on the edge. A community formed around the edges of a mysterious alien biodome, its residents comprise the hopeful, the hungry and the helpless – people eager for a glimpse inside the dome or a taste of its rumored healing powers. Kaaro is a government agent with a criminal past. He has seen inside the biodome, and doesn't care to again — but when something begins killing off others like himself, Kaaro must defy his masters to search for an answer, facing his dark history and coming to a realization about a horrifying future." (Adapted from Syndetics summary) Posted in Booklists, Fiction, General, ListsTagged awards, fantasy, fiction, fiction news, science fiction, Science fiction and fantasy fiction

Q: Unable to load userform I am unable to load an userform on opening workbook. Object is Workbook, procedure is Open and have this code in ThisWorkbook. Private Sub Workbook_Open() frmWelcome.Show End Sub A: Here's some code that I use, placed in a module called mMain with the form called fForm. I suggest that you start fresh, with something like this, make sure that works, and proceed from there, changing one thing at a time. Option Explicit Public dLog As fForm Sub main() Set dLog = New fForm dLog.Show vbModeless 'doesn't have to be modeless End Sub

Schenay Mosley Brought The Inescapable Vibes To Smino's Red Bull Music Festival Chicago Concert The Zero Fatigue collective had a line of fans waiting on S Allport St to see them live. (AllHipHop Features) The first week of the Red Bull Music Festival Chicago ended with Smino bringing his Zero Fatigue crew to Thalia Hall. Before the NØIR album creator joined his band in front of the lights, Soul musician Schenay Mosley warmed up the audience with her own set. Dressed in a silver sequined pants suit, Mosley stepped behind a keyboard and began to belt out vocals that vibrated through the venue. The classically-trained pianist was backed by a drummer, a bassist, and a guitarist. Schenay later stepped to the front of the theater and commanded the crowd to reply "for you" whenever she declared "I'm just too cold." [ALSO READ: EXCLUSIVE: Coach K On Representing For QC & ATL At Red Bull Music Festival Atlanta] Zero Fatigue compatriots DJ Nosidam and Monte Booker also served as openers last Saturday night in the Windy City. Mosley later returned to the stage to assist Smino by functioning as a backup singer for the St. Louis-bred emcee. I had the chance to catch up with Schenay in her dressing room before her second appearance at the Red Bull Music Festival Chicago, and the "No Way" performer discussed her burgeoning recording career. "I've been doing it my whole life, but I started doing it professionally in my mid-20s," explained Shenay about how she got into making music. "I was in an all-girl band called Highness. I played keys. I was really behind the scenes." She continued, "After a while, I just got the urge to want to sing. I felt this push like, 'Listen, get out of your comfort zone.' I sang with Highness, then one of the former girls in the band said that Smino needed a backup singer. I was like, 'Okay, bet.' I didn't know who he was at the time." Mosley took that suggestion, went to a rehearsal with Smino around the time of his S!Ck S!Ck S!Ck EP in 2015, and got the gig as his musical accompaniment. As she fully embraced her new role with the Zero Fatigue frontman, Mosley also started developing her own sound as a solo artist. "Now I feel like I'm at that point to where it's ready to go. I'm ready to go. Everything's just coming together perfectly," insisted the Milwaukee-born, Dayton-raised entertainer. Mosley grew up in Ohio's sixth-largest city, but she eventually traveled 300 miles northwest to attend Columbia College Chicago. Her switch from majoring in journalism to music business led to encounters with the metro area's new generation of Hip Hop headliners such as Chance The Rapper and Saba. In 2018, Schenay dropped her 6-track LOTUS EP. The journey from female faction to an individual artist was not an easy one for the self-described shy, anxious former church choir member. Two particular experiences shaped her into the on-stage force she is today. "I was comfortable with the group, but it took me some years to get comfortable with just me. Up until like a year and a half ago, I became comfortable with being me," said Mosley. "Also, singing back-up for Smi helped. He was like, 'Take that mic off the mic stand. We're moving around this time.' It took me a minute to get comfortable with that. That has helped a lot on top of being in a girl band." Schenay Mosley The remnants of any potentially stifling stage fright seem to be behind her. Schenay is now regularly hands-on with her entire presentation, including the eye-catching outfit that reflected the glare of Thalia Hall's spotlight over the sea of concertgoers swaying together to her tunes. "I envision what is my vibe for the show. Do I want to be comfortable? Glam? Comfy and glam? So my look now is comfy and glam. I didn't want nothing that's too tight, that shows too much skin where I'm self-conscious. I just wanted something to pop and be memorable," described Schenay about her current approach to fashion. "I pick everything out myself. Unless I asked somebody." And yes, she is just as meticulous when it comes to her performance. Mosley added, "I just sit and think of what songs I want. What is the vibe of my show that day? Because one show could be very chill and one could be very hype. So I decide, 'I want this to be a hype show with some chill points to cool it off.' Then, I construct it in my head which order I want the songs to go and how I want it to flow. Almost like you're hearing an album on stage. I want the show to flow, I want it to be an experience." Schenay Mosley, DJ Nosidiam, Monte Booker, Smino, and the entire Zero Fatigue rewarded Red Bull Music Festival Chicago attendees with an unforgettable experience on November 23. The Red Bull Music event closes out tonight (November 29) with Saba and Pivot Gang Present: John Walt Day. [ALSO READ: 8 Takeaways From Red Bull Music Festival Atlanta's Trap Roundtable Discussion] Just Mercy Is A Classic, Jamie Foxx's Performance Is Oscar-Worthy RolfweinsteinGreat work. He's a real talented dude. Rockie Fresh On His "Destination" & Working With Chris Brown Shirley Ju F. HaqueThis song is really a nice one you also can enjoy it.… Oswin Benjamin: Destiny Is Calling Him As One Of The Greats EditorChuckCreekmur Smoke DZA Talks Recording 'Prestige Worldwide' with Curren$y CalenRaps Is Saving Lives One Song At A Time EditorOnlineCrates Mike Russ Wants To Be The Next Jay Z Last Reply Jan 9 · by KINGMufasaman if yall dont get this bullshit up outta here LMFAO The Marathon Continued At Bino Rideaux's Show At The OC Observatory James24About its customer satisfaction and due to this reason the Paul will take simple feedback throughout the and will £1,000… EXCLUSIVE: Coach K Reflects On QC's Breakout Hits By Migos, Lil Yachty, Lil Baby & City Girls Freeway Rick Ross' Artist Nakuu Knows How To Make It With Persistence & Teamwork Editorillseed Did French Montana Get Caught Faking Streams? DeepREALHeck drake does this all the time. 🤑🤔🤣

Malbun Weather in Malbun, LI (Weather Station) Precipitation: 1 l/m² Avg. wind speed: 71.2 km/h Temperature 1 °C 3 °C 4 °C 3 °C 3 °C 3 °C 3 °C Wind gusts 116.4 km/h 90.9 km/h 76.7 km/h 78.3 km/h 71.9 km/h 66.2 km/h 74.5 km/h Avg. wind speed 47.3 km/h 32.5 km/h 27.4 km/h 25.2 km/h 27.2 km/h 24.3 km/h 26.8 km/h Feels like -7 °C -3 °C -1 °C -2 °C -2 °C -2 °C -2 °C Wind gusts 65.7 km/h 66.4 km/h 63.7 km/h 59.7 km/h 61.7 km/h 59.9 km/h 65 km/h 17 km/h Avg. wind speed 21.9 km/h 20.6 km/h 22.3 km/h 19.7 km/h 19.2 km/h 13.1 km/h 12.8 km/h 6.4 km/h Snow depth 98 cm 98 cm 99 cm 102 cm Temperature -2 °C -3 °C -4 °C -3 °C -2 °C -1 °C -1 °C 0 °C Precipitation 5 l/m² 2 l/m² 0.2 l/m² 0.6 l/m² Wind gusts 17.5 km/h 17.3 km/h 17.9 km/h 20.1 km/h 27 km/h 33.2 km/h 55.8 km/h 60 km/h Avg. wind speed 5.8 km/h 6.2 km/h 5.5 km/h 6.6 km/h 8.6 km/h 10 km/h 15.1 km/h 17.9 km/h Snow depth 108 cm 110 cm 110 cm 110 cm Temperature 1 °C -1 °C -4 °C -5 °C -5 °C -6 °C -6 °C -6 °C Wind gusts 62.4 km/h 46.4 km/h 31 km/h 26.6 km/h 24.5 km/h 23.9 km/h 27.9 km/h 31 km/h Avg. wind speed 20.4 km/h 13.7 km/h 8.9 km/h 8 km/h 9.5 km/h 9.5 km/h 11.1 km/h 12.2 km/h Feels like -4 °C -6 °C -8 °C -8 °C -9 °C -10 °C -11 °C -11 °C Dewpoint -6 °C -6 °C -7 °C -8 °C -9 °C -11 °C -12 °C -12 °C Wind gusts 34.3 km/h 31 km/h 27.9 km/h 26.3 km/h 27.6 km/h 29 km/h 25.2 km/h 25.9 km/h Avg. wind speed 14.1 km/h 12.4 km/h 9.9 km/h 9.9 km/h 10.2 km/h 8.9 km/h 8.4 km/h 8.8 km/h Feels like -11 °C -11 °C -12 °C -12 °C -12 °C -11 °C -12 °C -12 °C Dewpoint -11 °C -11 °C -11 °C -11 °C -10 °C -11 °C -11 °C -10 °C Temperature -9 / -5 °C -6 / 2 °C -3 / 0 °C Data provided by reference station for severe weather Malbun, 1611m +3 km - Steg +7.8 km - Balzers-ARA +8 km - Vaduz +9.3 km - Brand Weather in Malbun, 20.01.2021 On Wednesday cloudless weather will dominate. In the evening it will be overcast with light snowfall. Later nearly cloudless weather will prevail. Morning temperatures will be around -4 °C. During the day they will rise to a maximum of 3 °C. Low temperatures at night will be around -2°C. Initially we have moderate southeasterly wind, in the evening winds will be stormy with gale-force gusts. In the early morning it will be partly sunny. Before noon it will become widely cloudy, but mainly dry. The night offers overcast, but mainly dry weather. Morning temperatures will be around -2 °C. During the day they will rise to a maximum of 5 °C. Low temperatures at night will be around 2°C. Brisk winds are from the southeast with stormy gusts.

Ministry of Finance Headquarters Announced Management Jobs 2022 jobify.pk ministry of finance headquarters announced management jobs 2022 jobify.pk- Finance Jobs 2022 has announced the latest jobs in its organization. Applications are invited from candidates residing in Sindh for the given government posts. Finance Department job vacancies for January 2022, December 2021 and November 2021 are available to view online. See the new online listings for the latest Treasury Department 2022 vacancies and the upcoming Treasury Department 2023 jobs. You can also apply for the 2021 vacancies online from home. Choose the best career opportunities in the treasury according to your ability and experience and make money from home or office. Apply now for today's posts and join the Ministry of Finance Punjab, Sindh, KPK, Balochistan, Gilgit-Baltistan, AJK. Among the various organizations of the Government of Pakistan, the Ministry of Finance is the one that has worked for a long time to manage the financial condition of Pakistan. In order to manage the financial condition of Pakistan, the Ministry is full of huge responsibilities, and after a while, the Government of Pakistan also seeks the services of professionals and qualified people to maintain the given responsibilities. ۔ However, the latest posts in the Finance Department are discussed here on this page, including the posts of Director General, Deputy Director, Commissioner, Chancellor and some others. Scroll down the page and find your perfect match. Join Pak Navy Online Registration 2022 Additional Director General Job 2022 PAEC Jobs | PAEC Jobs 2022 Anti Narcotics Force ANF Jobs 2022 Previous: Anti Narcotics Force ANF Jobs 2022 Next: Darja Chaharam Jobs 2022 Punjab

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Q: Reuse shared project for MVC3 and MVC4 Solutions we have web applications using MVC3 which all share a library with HtmlHelper Extensions. Is there a way, to make this shared library which has to reference MVC Assemblies also work with MVC4 Applications without converting the one's existing and without duplicating the shared library? I Tried setting the MVC references on the shared library to SpecificVersion=false, but then it switches to MVC4 and the MVC3 projects can't use it anymore. Whenever I try to use MVC3 and MVC4 assemblies side by side, I get an unhandled win32 exception. Any ideas how to solve this, or is the only way to go either full MVC4 or stay at MVC3? Thanks A: You could use a binding redirect in the web.config of your ASP.NET MVC 4 application: <runtime> <assemblyBinding xmlns="urn:schemas-microsoft-com:asm.v1"> <dependentAssembly> <assemblyIdentity name="System.Web.Helpers" publicKeyToken="31bf3856ad364e35" /> <bindingRedirect oldVersion="1.0.0.0-2.0.0.0" newVersion="2.0.0.0" /> </dependentAssembly> <dependentAssembly> <assemblyIdentity name="System.Web.Mvc" publicKeyToken="31bf3856ad364e35" /> <bindingRedirect oldVersion="1.0.0.0-4.0.0.0" newVersion="4.0.0.0" /> </dependentAssembly> <dependentAssembly> <assemblyIdentity name="System.Web.WebPages" publicKeyToken="31bf3856ad364e35" /> <bindingRedirect oldVersion="1.0.0.0-2.0.0.0" newVersion="2.0.0.0" /> </dependentAssembly> </assemblyBinding> </runtime> Now you could reference the assembly containing your custom helpers (and which in turn depends on ASP.NET MVC 3) in your ASP.NET MVC 4 application.

Justia Patents Radar Mounted On And Controls Land VehicleUS Patent for Radar apparatus with determination of presence of target reflections Patent (Patent # 5,565,870) Radar apparatus with determination of presence of target reflections Jun 7, 1995 - Nissan A low-cost compact radar apparatus measures a distance to a target and the relative speed of the target. The apparatus has a transmitter for transmitting a pulse signal and a receiver for receiving a reflected pulse signal from the target. The received signal is converted into a binary signal, which is sampled by a sampler and is accumulated in a cumulative storage unit. Addresses of the storage unit correspond to an interval between the transmission and reception of the pulse signal. According to the interval, the distance and relative speed of the target are calculated at high speed. The apparatus carries out many accumulation operations, to improve an S/N ratio and speedily detect even a weak reflected signal. Latest Nissan Patents: Vehicle air induction assembly Air vent structure of oil pump for automatic transmission, and method for assembling air vent structure Shift device Ride-sharing management method, ride-sharing management device, and vehicle Display screen or portion thereof with graphical user interface The present invention relates to a radar apparatus applicable to, for example, a car collision alarm device. In particular, the present invention relates to a low-cost simple radar apparatus that receives a reflected signal, converts the signal into a binary signal, and carries out a cumulative statistical operation on the binary signal, to realize high sensitivity and distance measuring capacity. More precisely, the present invention firstly relates to a radar apparatus for detecting a weak reflected signal, secondary to a radar apparatus for detecting and removing interference signals caused by a radar apparatus of an opposite automobile, thirdly to a radar apparatus for accurately measuring the relative speed of an opposite automobile even with a wide transmission pulse, and fourthly to a durable, reliable radar apparatus installed on a vehicle, to speedily detect a target. 2. Description of the Related Art A radar apparatus is applicable to measuring a distance between vehicles and providing a car collision alarm. The radar apparatus emits a radio or laser pulse signal toward a car running ahead, receives a reflected pulse signal from the car ahead, and calculates a distance between the cars according to an interval between the transmission and reception of the pulse signal. The radar apparatus, therefore, has a transmitter for transmitting the radio or laser pulse signal toward the car ahead and a receiver for receiving the reflected pulse signal and converting it into an electric signal. The radar apparatus still has a controller for controlling the timing of emitting the pulse signal, and a time measurement unit connected to the receiver, for measuring the interval between the transmission and reception of the pulse signal. The transmitter transmits a pulse signal in synchronization with a trigger pulse that is repeatedly provided at intervals of Tr under the control of the controller. When the amplitude of a reflected pulse signal from an external target exceeds a threshold Vth, the receiver provides a detection signal. This kind of conventional radar apparatus has some problems. The reflected pulse sisal usually includes internal and external noise. Accordingly, the threshold Vth must be relatively high to avoid detection errors due to the noise. The noise is generally random noise having a Gaussian distribution. When the noise has an instantaneous amplitude of n, the probability distribution P(n) thereof is a probability density function demonstrating a Gaussian distribution with an average of zero and a variance of .sigma..sup.2 where .sigma. is a standard deviation. The probability density function P(n) is expressed as follows: ##EQU1## In the expression (1), the .sigma..sup.2 is noise equivalent power and the .sigma. is the effective value thereof. When this noise is contained in a signal having an amplitude of s, the probability density function P(n-s) thereof is expressed as follows: ##EQU2## Accordingly, the probability of (n-s).gtoreq.x with t=(n-s)/.sigma. is expressed as follows: ##EQU3## For example, .phi. (1)=0.84134, .phi. (2)=0.97725, and .phi. (3)=0.99865. To correctly detect a reflected signal in the probability of 99.865% from a target at a required distance, the output power of a pulse signal to be transmitted must be determined with a threshold of 3.sigma., an amplitude higher than the threshold by 3.sigma., and a peak value six times larger than the effective value .sigma. of the noise. This corresponds to an S/N ratio of 15.6 dB. According to a radar equation, the level of a reception signal attenuates in proportion to the fourth power of a distance. Accordingly, a long distance is measurable only with an expensive high-power oscillator. Instead of increasing output power, reception strength may be increased. This requires, however, a wide antenna that increases the shape and weight of a radar head, which will be hardly installed on a vehicle. For the safety of the human body, the output power must be low according to safety criteria. This will hardly realize a required detection level. Japanese Laid-Open Patent Nos. 1-46034 and 2-2106 disclose a method of improving reception sensitivity to a weak signal. This method is applicable to receiving a cyclic signal such as a loran-C signal. The method converts the signal into a binary signal involving positive and negative values. The binary signal is sampled and accumulated in a RAM for a given period under the control of a microcomputer. According to the contents of the memory, the existence, S/N ratio, and occurrence point of the signal are detected. The accumulation of data greatly improves the detectable S/N ratio of a weak signal. If a long detection time is allowed, this method is effective to a signal such as the loran-C signal having a relatively long period. When this method is applied to receiving a radar signal, some problems arise. Since the reception strength of a radar signal is proportional to the fourth power of a distance, sensitivity must be improved 16 times to double a detection distance. To improve the sensitivity by calculation, the improvement is proportional to the one second power of the number of accumulation operations. Accordingly, the sensitivity will be improved 16 times if the number of accumulation operations is increased by 16.sup.2 =256 times. A period of repetitive transmission of a radar pulse must be as short as possible. Since the conventional method employs the microcomputer to control the RAM to accumulate radar pulses, a time necessary for sampling and accumulating the pulses is determined by the clock and instruction cycle of the microcomputer. This results in limiting the period of repetitive transmission of the radar pulse. Accordingly, it is difficult to greatly increase the number of accumulation operations to improve the sensitivity. When the radar apparatus is applied to a car collision alarm device, it raises other problems. If a like radar apparatus is mounted on an opposite car running toward this side, pulsesignals of the radar apparatuses of that and this cars will interfere with each other to hinder correct distance measurement. Not only the pulsesignal of the opposite car but also engine sparks, ON/OFF operations of a headlight, an air conditioner, and a wiper, fluctuations in a power source voltage, sunlight, and tunnels cause noise. Such internal and external noise will resonate to produce a noise signal that may exceed the threshold. Then, the noise signal will be erroneously detected as a reflected signal from a car that is actually nonexistent. Japanese Laid-Open Patent No. 3-171380 of this applicant explains that it is necessary to measure not only a distance between cars but also a relative speed between the cars when providing a collision alarm. When measuring the relative speed, the conventional radar apparatus has some problems. The conventional pulse radar is capable of measuring only a distance to a target. Accordingly, to measure a relative speed, the conventional radar must increase accuracy to measure a rate of temporal changes. To increase the accuracy, it is necessary to shorten the width of a pulse transmitted from the radar as well as increasing sampling points. To achieve a measuring accuracy of one meter in a measuring range of 130 meters, 130 sampling points must be prepared. This elongates a time for carrying out accumulation operations. In addition, the width of a pulse to be transmitted must be shortened to several nanoseconds. This complicates a transmitter, increases cost, and deteriorates the performance of the radar. To secure the durability and reliability of light emitting elements of the transmitter, it is necessary to decrease the duty ratio of pulses. This limits a repetition period of pulses. Namely, if the repetition period is shortened to speedily measure a distance, the durability and reliability of the light emitting elements decrease. On the other hand, if the repetition period is extended, it will take a long time to measure a distance. A first object of the present invention is to provide a low-cost, compact, simple radar apparatus for speedily sampling, accumulating, and storing received signals, to detect even a very weak reflected signal at high speed. A second object of the present invention is to provide a low-cost, compact, simple radar apparatus for speedily sampling, accumulating, and storing received signals, to accumulate more data and improve sensitivity in detecting a reflected signal. A third object of the present invention is to provide a radar apparatus for transmitting a low-power pulsesignal that is safe to the human body, realizing a long measuring range, reducing an interference with pulses from an opposite radar apparatus, and improving the safety and reliability of detecting a target and measuring a distance to the target. A fourth object of the present invention is to provide a low-cost, compact, simple radar apparatus for speedily measuring the relative speed of a target, detecting fluctuations in noise levels in advance, and preventing an erroneous detection of reflected signals. A fifth object of the present invention is to provide a low-cost, compact, simple radar apparatus with a radar head (in particular, light emitting elements) having improved durability and reliability. In order to accomplish the objects, the present invention provides a radar apparatus having a transmitter for transmitting a signal such as a laser beam signal, an electromagnetic signal, or a sound signal, a receiver for receiving a signal such as a laser beam signal, an electromagnetic signal, or a sound signal reflected by an external target, a sampler for repeatedly sampling the received signal at predetermined intervals, an accumulator for accumulating the sampled data according to the contents thereof, a storage unit for storing the accumulated data, a controller for controlling the transmitter, sampler, accumulator, and storage unit, and a decision unit for reading the data out of the storage unit and determining whether or not the data contain a reflection signal from the target. The controller controls the transmitter to transmit a pulsesignal having a predetermined duration and pulse width. The pulsesignal is reflected by a target and is received by the receiver with a delay time of Td that is proportional to a distance to the target. The sampler is a shift register for sequentially shifting and storing sampled data. The received signal is converted into a binary signal according to positive and negative phases thereof. The accumulator accumulates data transferred from the sampler only when the data are positive. The storage unit has memories M1 to Mn corresponding to n sampling pulses produced in each sampling period and accumulating the sampled data. After the end of an accumulation cycle, the accumulated data are transferred to the decision unit. The decision unit determines whether or not the data include a reflected pulse from the target and calculates a delay time Td, to measure a distance to the target. The sampling points, i.e., the addresses of the memories M1 to Mn correspond to the delay time Td and distance to the target. According to a shift in the sampled points, i.e., the memories M1 to Mn, of reflected pulses from the target, the relative speed of the target is measured. Accordingly, the relative speed is correctly measurable even if the pulse width of the transmitted signal is wide. The present invention optionally selects a sampling clock frequency to improve the sampling, accumulating, and storing operations. This allows increasing the number of accumulation operations. The larger the number of the accumulation operations, the smaller the standard deviation due to noise, thereby improving the S/N ratio of and sensitivity to a reflected signal. FIG. 1 generally shows a first embodiment of the present invention; FIG. 2 is a circuit diagram showing an optical radar according to the first embodiment; FIG. 3 is a timing chart showing signals employed by the radar of FIG. 2; FIG. 4 shows a probability distribution of an accumulated value k indicating the number of "ones" when a received signal is sampled and converted into a binary signal (1 or 0) Na times; FIG. 5 is a circuit diagram showing a start pulse generator (a circuit for setting the number of accumulation cycles) of FIG. 2; FIG. 6 is a circuit diagram showing a trigger generator of FIG. 2; FIG. 7 is a circuit diagram showing a sampling pulse generator of FIG. 2; FIG. 8 is a circuit diagram showing an accumulation clock generator that is a part of a timing circuit of FIG. FIG. 9 is a circuit diagram showing a control pulse generator that is a part of the timing circuit of FIG. 2; FIG. 10 is a timing chart showing signals provided by the control pulse generator of FIG. 9; FIG. 11 is a circuit diagram showing a sampler accumulator of FIG. 2; FIG. 12 is a timing chart showing an accumulation operation carried out by the circuit of FIG. 11; FIG. 13 is a flowchart showing steps carried out by a decision unit of FIG. 2; FIG. 14 is a probability distribution of an accumulated value k obtained by repeating an accumulation cycle involving Na=128 accumulation operations 2000 times; FIG. 15 shows a distribution of a normalized accumulated value k with Na=8192 in the range of an expected value of k/Na to 3.sigma.; FIG. 16 is a block diagram showing a second embodiment of the present invention; FIG. 17 explains the detection of a reflected pulse and the calculation of a relative speed according to the second embodiment; FIG. 18 is a flowchart showing steps of calculating a relative speed according to the second embodiment; FIGS. 19, 20, and 21 explain an interference wave process according to the second embodiment; FIG. 22 is a block diagram showing a third embodiment; FIGS. 23a and 23B are flowcharts showing steps carried out by the third embodiment; FIG. 24 is a block diagram showing a fourth embodiment of the present invention; FIGS. 25a and 25B are flowcharts showing steps carried out by the fourth embodiment of the present invention; FIG. 26 shows thresholds based on noise levels according to the fourth embodiment; FIG. 27 is a block diagram showing a fifth embodiment of the present invention; FIG. 28 is a flowchart showing steps carried out by the fifth embodiment; FIG. 29 is a block diagram showing a sixth embodiment of the present invention; FIG. 30 is a flowchart showing steps carried out by the sixth embodiment; FIG. 31 is a block diagram showing a seventh embodiment of the present invention; and FIG. 32 is a timing chart showing the seventh embodiment. FIG. 33 is a block diagram showing an eighth embodiment of the present invention; FIG. 34 is a timing chart showing a sampling operation of the eighth embodiment; FIG. 35 is a timing chart showing the sampling operation of the eighth embodiment; FIG. 36 is a block diagram showing a ninth embodiment of the present invention; FIG. 37 is a timing chart showing the ninth embodiment; FIG. 38 is a flowchart showing steps carried out by the ninth embodiment; FIG. 39 explains an approximation technique of the ninth embodiment; FIG. 40 is a graph showing accuracy of the ninth embodiment in measuring distance; FIG. 41 is a block diagram showing a 10th embodiment of the present invention; FIG. 42 is a block diagram showing a circuit of the th embodiment; FIG. 43 is a flowchart showing steps carried out by the 10th embodiment; FIG. 44 explains an output gain decreasing operation of the 10th embodiment; FIG. 45 explains an output gain increasing operation of the 10th embodiment; FIG. 46 is a block diagram showing a modification of the 10th embodiment; FIGS. 47A and 47B explain output gain adjusting and peak detecting operations of the modification of the 10th embodiment; FIG. 48 is a block diagram showing an 11th embodiment of the present invention; FIG. 49 is a block diagram showing a circuit of the 11th embodiment; FIG. 51 explains an operation of reducing the number of cumulative operations according to the 11th embodiment; FIG. 52 explains an operation of increasing the number of cumulative operations according to the 11th embodiment; FIG. 54 explains an operation of adjusting the number of cumulative operations according to the modification of the 11th embodiment; FIG. 56 is a block diagram showing an integration circuit of the 12th embodiment; FIG. 57 is a block diagram showing a control circuit of the 12th embodiment; FIG. 58 is a timing chart showing an operation of the integration circuit of the 12th embodiment; FIG. 59 is a timing chart showing a distance measuring operation of the 12th embodiment; FIG. 62 is a flowchart showing a first part of steps carried out by the 14th embodiment; FIG. 63 is a flowchart showing a second part of the steps carried out by the 14th embodiment; FIG. 68 is a timing chart showing a sampling operation of the 16th embodiment; FIG. 69 is a timing chart showing the sampling operation of the 16th embodiment; FIG. 71 explains a peak approximation technique of the 17th embodiment; FIGS. 76A and 76B explain sensitivity adjusting and peak detecting operations of the modification of the 18th embodiment; FIG. 79 is a block diagram showing a collision avoidance system employing the radar apparatus of the present invention; FIG. 80 is a block diagram showing another collision avoidance system employing the radar apparatus of the present invention; FIG. 81 is a block diagram showing still another collision avoidance system employing the radar apparatus of the present invention; FIG. 82 is a block diagram showing a precrash air bag system employing the radar apparatus of the present invention; and FIG. 83 explains an operation of the precrash air bag system. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE EMBODIMENTS The first to 19th embodiments of the present invention will be explained with reference to the drawings. FIG. 1 generally shows a radar apparatus according to the first embodiment. A radar head 5 has a transmitter 5a for transmitting a pulsesignal which may be an optical signal, an electromagnetic signal, or a sonic wave signal, and a receiver 5b for receiving a reflected pulsesignal. An operational storage unit 6 has a sampler 6A for sampling the reflected pulsesignal and a cumulative storage unit 6B for successively accumulating the sampled data. A decision unit 7 determines whether or not the data stored in the storage unit 6B contain a reflected pulse. A controller 8 controls the radar apparatus as a whole. Namely, the controller 8 controls the transmitter 5a, sampler 6A, cumulative storage unit 6B, and decision unit 7. FIG. 2 is a circuit diagram showing an optical radar according to the first embodiment. A transmitter 5a for transmitting a pulsesignal has a driver 5a-1 operating in response to a trigger pulse provided by a trigger generator 8c, a light emitting element 5a-2 such as an LED or a laser diode driven by the driver 5a-1, and a lens 5a-3 for condensing a light beam provided by the element 5a-2 toward a target. The laser diode may be a Ga.sub.1-x Al.sub.x As double-heterostructure-semiconductor laser that emits infrared rays, or another semiconductor laser having different wavelengths. A receiver 5b for receiving a reflected pulse signal has a lens 5b-1 for focusing a reflected beam from the target toward a light sensing face of a photosensor 5b-2 such as a photodiode such as an APD and a phototransistor, the photosensor 5b-2 converting the focused light into an electric signal, a limiter amplifier 5b-3 for amplifying the electric signal and converting it into a binary signal (a phase signal or a sign signal) representing binary values such as 1 and 0, and a zero-cross comparator 5b-4 for converting the binary signal into logic levels, for example, 5 V and 0 V. The photosensor 5b-2 may have the same forbidden band Eg as that of the light emitting element 5a-2, to receive light in high sensitivity. The operative storage unit 6 has a timing circuit 6a for counting the sampling timing of a reflected signal according to a clock signal provided by a clock oscillator 8a, and a sampler accumulator 6b for sampling a zero-cross signal provided by the comparator 5b-4 according to a sampling pulse provided by a sampling pulse generator 8d and accumulating sampled data. The decision circuit 7 has a function of providing a predetermined number of pulses (start pulses) for driving the light emitting element 5a-2 and a function of fetching the data stored in the sampler accumulator 6b and determining whether or not the data contain a reflected pulse from a target. The controller 8 has the start pulse generator 8b for providing a start pulse according to a clock signal provided by the clock oscillator 8a and setting the number of accumulation operations carried out on sampled data, the trigger generator 8c for providing the driver 5a-1 with a trigger pulse according to the clock signal, and the sampling pulse generator 8d for recognizing a start point according to the clock signal as well as sampling start and end points according to instructions from the start pulse generator 8b, to control the operational storage unit 6. FIG. 3 is a timing chart showing various signals. In this example, the light emitting element 5a-2 is a semiconductor laser diode. A trigger pulse (1) is repeatedly generated by the trigger generator 8c at intervals of, for example, four microseconds. A laser pulsesignal (2) is transmitted toward an external target from the laser diode 5a-2, which is controlled by the trigger generator 8c and driver 5a-1. The laser pulse signal (2) is provided in synchronization with the trigger pulse (1). The laser pulsesignal (2) may be an optical signal, a radio signal, or an ultrasonic signal. A pulse signal (3) is received by the limiter amplifier 5b-3 through the lens 5b-1 and photosensor 5b-2. The received pulsesignal (3) is checked if it is greater than a threshold Vth of, for example, 0 V and is converted into a instantaneous binary signal. The received pulsesignal (3) is behind the transmitted pulsesignal (2) by a delay time Td, which is proportional to a distance to the target. The binary signal is accumulated in the sampler accumulator 6b for an accumulation cycle according to binary values 1 and 0, i.e., positive and negative amplitudes. Sampling pulses (4) are provided by the sampling pulse generator 8d whenever the trigger pulse (1) is provided. The interval of the sampling pulses (4) is .DELTA.t, and n pieces of the sampling pulses (4) are provided in response to each trigger pulse (1). The n is, for example, 14 or 128. The instantaneous binary value of the received pulsesignal (3) is sampled for each timing of the individual sampling pulse by the sampler accumulator 6b and is accumulated to the sampling point, respectively. This sampling and accumulation operation is repeated for n=Na laser pulses (2), until the end pulse is provided by the trigger generator 8C. The sampler accumulator 6b has n memories M1 to Mn corresponding to the n sampling pulses, respectively. The memories M1 to Mn are cleared or set to a predetermined value before transmitting the pulsesignal (2). The memory M1 accumulates one when a latch circuit provides one in response to a hold timing signal of one. This accumulation operation is carried out up to the memory Mn corresponding to the sampling pulse n. The accumulation operation is repeated for n=N, (for example, 26, 32, 64, or 128) laser pulses (2). The sampler accumulator 6b repeats the accumulation operation Na times according to an instruction from the start pulse generator 8b and provides the decision unit 7 with accumulated data. According to the accumulated data, the decision unit 7 determines whether or not the data contain a reflected pulse from the target. If the reflected pulse is contained, the decision unit 7 measures a transport period of the reflected pulse according to the address of the memory in which the reflected pulse has been detected and the interval .DELTA.t of the sampling pulses. Namely, the transport period Td is calculated as m.multidot..DELTA.t when the reflected pulse is detected in the "m"th memory. The determination whether or not there is a reflected pulse is carried out according to data stored in the memories. The larger the number N.sub.a of the accumulation operations, the smaller the standard deviation due to noise. Namely, an S/N ratio is improved (N.sub.a).sup.1/2 times, so that a reflected pulse may be easily discriminated from noise. The high-gain limiter amplifier 5b-3 converts random noise into a rectangular signal, and the zero-cross comparator 5b-4 provides "1" if the signal is positive and "0" if it is negative, to thereby provide a binary noise signal whose probability of occurrence of "1" is equal to that of "0." When the binary noise signal is repeatedly sampled and accumulated, the accumulated data show a binomial probability distribution. Namely, independent N.sub.a trials corresponding to N.sub.a sampling operations under the same conditions involve k (equal to an accumulated value k) events of, for example, sampling "1." The probability distribution of k the is expressed as follows: ##EQU4## where the p is the probability of "1" occurring in one sampling operation and the q is the probability of "0" occurring in one sampling operation. If there is only noise, p=q=0.5. FIG. 4 shows probability distributions with an accumulated value of k, p=q=0.5, and N.sub.a =26, 32, 64, and 128. An abscissa represents the accumulated value k normalized by N.sub.a, i.e., k/N.sub.a. The range of the k/N.sub.a becomes smaller around 1/2 as the number of the accumulation operations increases. If a signal contains such noise, an expected accumulated value k and a variance V are expressed as follows: k=N.sub.a .multidot.p (6) V=N.sub.a p.multidot.q (7) where the p and q are random noise showing Gaussian distributions, and therefore, are obtained as follows according to the expressions (2) and (3): ##EQU5## where .sigma..sup.2 is noise power. Accordingly, s/.sigma. is equal to S/N. Namely, p, q, k, and V are uniquely determined according to S/N. When k is normalized by N.sub.a, k/N.sub.a =p according to the expression (6), so that it becomes constant irrelevant to N.sub.a. A standard deviation V.sup.1/2 is equal to (N.sub.a pq).sup.2 according to the expression (7), so that, when it is normalized by N.sub.a, (N.sub.a pq).sup.1/2 /N.sub.a =(pq/N.sub.a).sup.1/2. Namely, the standard deviation is reduced to 1/(N.sub.a).sup.1/2. This means that the larger the number of the accumulation operations, the smaller the standard deviation due to noise, to easily separate noise from a signal. The accumulation operation will be explained in detail. Components of the controller 8 will be explained in detail at first. FIG. 5 is a circuit diagram showing the start pulse generator (the circuit for setting the number of accumulation operations) 8b. This circuit has an RS flip-flop 8b-3, a divider 8b-4, and a counter 8b-6. The RS flip-flop 8b-3 receives an external start signal from the decision unit 7, as well as an output of an AND gate 8b-2 that provides an AND of an external clear signal and a count end signal from the counter 8b-6. These input signals determine an output Q1b of the RS flip-flop 8b-3. The divider 8b-4 receives an output of the clock oscillator 8a, a control signal j that is an inverted external clear signal provided by an inverter 8b-1, and the output Q1b of the RS flip-flop 8b-3. These input signals determine an output Q2a of the divider 8b-4. The output Q2a is inverted by an inverter 8b-5 into a start pulse. The counter 8b-6 receives the output Q2a of the divider 8b-4 and adds up counts. The counter 8b-6 provides a count continuation signal, which is inverted by an inverter 8b-7 and is transferred to the AND gate 8b-2. The counter 8b-6 also provides an accumulation status signal according to counting conditions. Namely, in the start pulse generator 8b, the output Q1b of the RS flip-flop 8b-8 becomes low (L) in response to the external start signal, to release the inhibit state of the clock input of the divider 8b-4, so that the divider 8b-4 divides a 15-MHz clock signal by 32 to provide start pulses at intervals of four microseconds. The number of start pulses is, for example, 8192. When receiving the 8192th start pulse, the counter 8b-6 provides an output with a 14th bit of high (H) to reset the RS flip-flop 8b-3. This stops the divider 8b-4. The output of the counter 8b-6 is L while the start pulses are being provided, and it becomes H after 8192 start pulses are provided. The output of counter 8b-6 is properly transferred to the decision unit 7. FIG. 6 is a circuit diagram showing the trigger generator 8c. The trigger generator 8c has JK flip-flops 8c-3 and 8c-5. The JK flip-flop 8c-3 receives outputs of AND gates 8c-1 and 8c-2. The AND gate 8c-1 provides an AND of a start pulse and an output Q2b of the JK flip-flop 8c-5. The AND gate 8c-2 provides an AND of an output Q1a of the JK flip-flop 8c-3 and an output Q2a of the JK flip-flop 8c-5. These input signals determine the outputs Q1a and Q1b of the JK flip-flop 8c-3. The output Q1a is a drive pulse for driving the light emitting element 5a-2 such as an LED, and the output Q1b is a trigger pulse. The JK flip-flop 8c-5 receives an output of a NOR gate 8c-4 that provides a NOR of the output Q1a of the JK flip-flop 8c-8 and the start pulse. These input signals determine the outputs Q2a and Q2b of the JK flip-flop 8c-5. FIG. 7 is a circuit diagram showing the sampling pulse generator 8d. The sampling pulse generator 8d has an RS flip-flop 8d-2 and a four-bit counter 8d-4. The RS flip-flop 8d-2 receives a trigger pulse and an output of an AND gate 8d-1, which provides an AND of an external clear signal and an end pulse. These input signals determine outputs Q1a and Q1b of the RS flip-flop 8d-2. A NAND gate 8d-8 provides a sampling pulse according to a NAND of the output Q1a and a clock signal. The output of the NAND gate 8d-8 is also supplied to the four-bit counter 8d-4 for counting sampling pulses. When outputs QB, QC, and QD of the counter 8d-4 corresponding to bits 2 to 4 simultaneously become H at the 14th sampling pulse, a three-input NAND gate 8d-5 becomes L. This resets the RS flip-flop 8d-2 and stops the output of the NAND gate 8d-8. The output of the three-input NAND gate 8d-5 is provides as an end pulse indicating an end of sampling pulses. FIG. 8 is a circuit diagram showing an accumulation clock generator 6a-a forming the timing circuit 6a. The clock generator 6a-a resembles the sampling pulse generator 8d of FIG. 7. The sampling pulse generator 8d provides sampling pulses in response to a trigger pulse, while the accumulation clock generator 6a-a provides an accumulation clock in response to an end pulse. FIG. 9 shows a control pulse generator 6a-b forming the timing circuit 6a. The control pulse generator 6a-b has two JK flip-flops 6a-11 and 6a-14 and a plurality of NAND gates 6a-15 to 6a-22. The JK flip-flop 6a-11 receives an output Q2b of the JK flip-flop 6a-14 and an accumulation clock. These input signals determine outputs Q1a and Q1b of the JK flip-flop 6a-11. The JK flip-flop 6a-14 receives an output of a NAND gate 6a-13, which provides a NAND of the output Q1b of the JK flip-flop 6a-11 and an output of a NAND gate 6a-12. The NAND gate 6a-12 provides a NAND of the accumulation clock and an output Q2a of the JK flip-flop 6a-14. These input signals determine the outputs Q2a and Q2b of the JK flip-flop 6a-14. The NAND gate 6a-15 provides a control signal e (address counter) according to the output Q1a of the JK flip-flop 6a-11, accumulation clock, and the output Q2b of the JK flip-flop 6a-14. The NAND gate 6a-16 provides a control signal f (accumulation counter) according to the output Q1b of the JK flip-flop 6a-11, accumulation clock, and the output Q2b of the JK flip-flop 6a-14. The NAND gate 6a-17 provides a control signal g (count up) according to the output Q1a of the JK flip-flop 6a-11, the output Q2a of the JK flip-flop 6a-14, and an inverted accumulation clock from an inverter 6a-18. An XOR (Exclusive-OR) gate 6a-21 provides a control signal h (memory I/O switching) according to outputs of the NAND gates 6a-19 and 6a-20. The NAND gate 6a-19 provides a NAND of the accumulation clock, the output Q1a of the JK flip-flop 6a-11, and the output Q2a of the JK flip-flop 6a-14. The NAND gate 6a-20 provides a NAND of the inverted accumulation clock, the output Q1a of the JK flip-flop 6a-11, and the output Q2b of the JK flip-flop 6a-14. The NAND gate 6a-22 provides a control signal 1 (memory write pulse ) according to the output Q1a of the JK flip-flip 6a-11, accumulation clock, and the output Q2a of the JK flip-flop 6a-14. FIG. 10 is a timing chart showing the signals generated by the control pulse generator 6a-b. A reference mark QA represents the output Q1b of the JK flip-flop 6a-11 and QB the output Q2a of the JK flip-flop 6a-14. The control signal e becomes L with the accumulation clock of H, the signal QA of L, and the signal QB of L. The control signal f becomes L with the accumulation clock of H, the signal QA of H, and the signal QB of L. The control signal g becomes L with the accumulation clock of L, the signal QA of L, and the signal QB of H. The control signal h becomes L with the output signal QA of L and the signal QB of H. The control signal i becomes L with the accumulation signal of H, the signal QA of L, and the signal QB of H. FIG. 11 is a circuit diagram showing the sampler accumulator 6b. The sampler accumulator 6b has 8-bit shift registers 6b-2 and 6b-3, an address setting preset counter 6b-6, memories 6b-8 and 6b-9, bidirectional buffers 6b-11 to 6b-14, and cumulative preset counters 6b-17 to 6b-20. The 8-bit shift registers 6b-2 and 6b-3 are cascaded, to sample an output of the limiter amplifier 5b-3 in response to an output of an OR gate 6b-1, which provides an OR of a sampling pulse c and a control signal ee. The shift registers 6b-2 and 6b-3 shift and store the sampled data. The preset counter 6b-6 sets addresses for the memories 6b-8 and 6b-9 according to an output of an XOR gate 6b-4 that receives the control signal d and a control signal 8 of the decision unit 7, and an output of an XOR gate 6b-5 that receives the control signal e and a control signal 9 of the decision unit 7. The memories 6b-8 and 6b-9 are switched to a read mode or to a write mode according to an output of an XOR gate 6b-7 that receives the control signal i and a control signal 11 of the decision unit 7. The bidirectional buffers 6b-11 to 6b-14 are initially under the read mode to provide data out of the memories 6b-8 and 6b-9 and are switched to another direction according to the control signal h and a control signal 10 of the decision unit 7. Under the read mode, the data of the memories 6b-8 and 6b-9 are loaded to the cumulative preset counters 6b-17 to 6b-20, and under the write mode, the data of the cumulative preset counters 6b-17 to 6b-20 are loaded to the memories 6b-8 and 6b-9. The cumulative preset counters 6b-17 to 6b-20 increment the loaded data according to the control signal f, a control signal dd, and an output of an AND gate 6b-16 that receives an output J of the 8-bit shift register 6b-3 and an inverted control signal g inverted by an inverter 6b-15. FIG. 12 is a timing chart showing the accumulation operation. When the end pulse d is provided to indicate that the sampling pulse generator 8d has stopped the sampling pulses c, each bit of the preset counter 6b-6 is preset to H, and the cumulative preset counters 6b-17 to 6b-20 are cleared. In synchronization with the end pulse d, the accumulation clock generator 6a-a continuously provides, for example, 42 accumulation clock pulses. According to the control signal e provided by the control pulse generator 6a-b of FIG. 9, the preset counter 6b-6 is incremented, to send $0 to an address bus 6b-66 to select an address zero of the memories 6b-8 and 6b-9 that are in the read mode in advance. Then, memory outputs D0 to D7 provide memory contents at the address zero. At the same time, the control signal e is supplied to the clock terminals of the 8-bit shift register 6b-2 and cumulative preset counter 6b-18, so that the contents of the shift register 6b-2 are shifted by one bit and are provided to the AND gate 6b-16. According to the control signal f, the contents of the memories 6b-8 to 6b-9 are loaded to the cumulative preset counters 6b-17 to 6b-20. When the control signal j is H, the control signal g increments the cumulative preset counters 6b-17 to 8b-20, and if the signal j868 is L, the increment is not carried out because the control signal g is not provided to the other input of the AND gate 6b-16 that controls the input of the cumulative preset counter 6b-17. The control signal h switches the I/O direction of the bidirectional buffers 6b-11 to 6b-14, to transfer the contents of the cumulative preset counters 6b-17 to 6b-20 to the memories 6b-8 and 6b-9. When the control signal i is provided to the XOR gate 6b-7, the memories 6b-8 and 6b-9 are put in the write mode, and the contents of the cumulative preset counters 6b-17 to 6b-20 are written into the memories at the address zero. As explained above, a memory address corresponding to one bit of the 8-bit shift registers 6b-2 and 6b-3 is read, accumulated, and written with three accumulation clock pulses, so that a set of 14 bits is completely accumulated with 42 pulses. This operation is carried out 8192 times, to provide accumulated data. According to an output of the start pulse generator (the circuit for setting the number of accumulation cycles) 8b, the decision unit 7 determines that the 8192 accumulation cycles have been completed, controls the memories 6b-8 and 6b-9 of the sampler accumulator 6b and the bidirectional buffers 6b-11 to 6b-14, to read the accumulated data out of the memories 6b-8 and 6b-9, determines whether or not the data contain a reflected pulse from a target, and calculates a distance to the target. FIG. 13 is a flowchart showing steps carried out by the decision unit 7. Step 131 initializes the decision S unit 7, to thereby initialize inputs 0 to 7 read by the cumulative storage unit 6 and inputs 8 to 12. At the same time, the control signals 8 to 11 to the XOR gates 6b-4, 6b-5, 6b-7, and 6b-10 are initialized. In step 132, the decision unit 7 clears the divider 8b-4 and counter 8b-6 of the start pulse generator 8b and the preset counter 6b-6 and cumulative preset counters 6b-17 to 6b-20 of the sampler accumulator 6b. Step 133 clears an internal counter of the controller 7. Thereafter, a cumulative memory clear routine is executed. Step 134 provides the control signals 9, 10, and 11 to let the XOR gates 6b-5, 6b-7, and 6b-10 provide output signals. Step 18S increments the address counter. Step 136 determines whether or not the incremented value is equal to $10. These steps increment the 8-bit preset counters 6b-2 and 6b-3 and change the I/0 direction of the bidirectional buffers 6b-11 to 6b-14 toward the memories 6b-8 and 6b-9, so that cleared outputs, for example, $00 of the cumulative preset counters 6b-17 to 6b-20 are written into the memories 6b-8 and 6b-9. These steps are repeated by incrementing the 8-bit shift registers 6b-2 and 6b-8, to clear the contents of the memories at addresses $00 to $10. If the step 136 determines that the incremented value is below $10, the step 134 is repeated, and if it is equal to $10, step 137 transfers an external start pulse to the start pulse generator 8b, to start a series of accumulation operations. Step 138 determines whether or not the start pulse generator 8b is providing an accumulation status signal of H. If the signal is not H, the step 138 is repeated. If it is H, it is determined that the accumulation process has been completed, and step 139 clears the preset counter 6b-6, and step 140 clears the internal counter of the decision unit 7. The cumulative memories are put in the read mode, and higher 8 bits are read out of the cumulative memories. Namely, step 141 provides the XOR gate 6b-5 with the control signal 9 to increment the preset counter 6b-6. Step 142 increments the counter. Step 143 determines whether or not the contents read into the memories 6b-8 and 6b-9 are equal to $10. If the incremented value is below $10, the step 141 is repeated, and if it is equal to $10, step S144 calculates distance to a target according to the accumulated data. The calculated distance, and if necessary, an alarm are displayed on a CRT. FIG. 14 shows a probability distribution of an accumulated value k for S/N ratios of +3,-6, -15, and -.infin. (noise only) dB. For each of the S/N ratios, the number N.sub.a of accumulation operations is 128, which is repeated 2000 times. The right half of the figure for k/N.sub.a of 0.5 to 1.0 corresponds to a positive signal phase, and the left half thereof for k/N.sub.a of 0.0 to 0.5 corresponds to a negative signal phase. The measurement result for S/N=-.infin. dB of FIG. 14 agrees with a result of calculation (N.sub.a =128) of FIG. 4. The conventional radar apparatus needs an S/N ratio of 15.6 dB for discriminating a signal from noise at an accuracy of 99.865%. On the other hand, this embodiment greatly improves the S/N ratio by accumulating sampled phases 128 times, so that a signal of about -6 dB is discriminable. A duration for discriminating the signal is four microseconds .times.128=512 microseconds with a pulse repetition period of four microseconds as shown in FIG. 19. This duration is very short. FIG. 15 shows a result of calculation of a normalized k in the range of an expected value k/Na and 3.sigma. with N.sub.a =8192. As the N.sub.a increases, the width of a probability distribution narrows in proportion to (N.sub.a).sup.1/2. A necessary accumulation period is four microseconds .times.8192=32 milliseconds, which is sufficiently short as a car distance measuring period in a car radar apparatus. In FIG. 15, it has been experimentally verified similar to the case of FIG. 14 that a signal of less than -20 dB is discriminable from noise. The embodiment simply samples the phases of a received signal and carries out accumulation operations, to greatly improve the S/N ratio. The circuits for carrying out the accumulation operations are standard logic circuits, so that the sampling, accumulation, and storage steps are carried out at high speed as and when required. This results in accumulating many data in a given period, to improve the S/N ratio. The logic circuits may be an array of gates formed on an IC chip to realize high speed and low noise operation. Similarly, the photosensor which may be a PIN photodiode or a phototransistor, the limiter amplifier, and the zero-cross comparator may be fabricated on a single chip or on a hybrid IC, to provide a low-noise, compact, light-weighted, reliable radar apparatus. This embodiment considers only the positive and negative phases of a reflected signal, to quickly convert the signal into a binary signal, sample the phases thereof, and store them. Accordingly, the embodiment is capable of carrying out many accumulation operations to speedily detect a weak reflected signal based on a low-power transmission signal. The embodiment realizes high sensitivity in detecting a reflected signal. The radar apparatus according to this embodiment is simple and compact and secures a required measuring range. The embodiment employs a low-power light emitter, a radio transmitter, or an ultrasonic wave transmitter, as the pulsesignal transmitter. Such transmitter is reliable, has a long service life, and is safe to the human body. This embodiment employs memories to carry out the accumulation operations. It is possible to arrange a counter for counting each bit of the sampling shift register, so that the counter is incremented according to whether or not the corresponding bit is H or L after each sampling operation. The embodiment adds up one in response to a sampling result of H and adds nothing in response to a sampling result of L. Instead, one may be added in response to a sampling result of H, and one may be subtracted in response to a sampling result of L. In this case, a result of the addition and subtraction, i.e., a probability of occurrence of H and L is each 0.5 if there is only noise, to provide an average of zero. If the S/N ratio is sufficiently high, an average will be one. The second embodiment of the present invention will be explained with reference to the drawings. FIG. 16 is a block diagram generally showing the second embodiment. The same parts as those of the first embodiment such as the radar head, operational storage unit, decision unit, and controller are represented with like reference marks, and their explanations will not be repeated. An interference detector 9 has a first interference detector 9A and a second interference detector 9B. The first detector 9A has a relative speed calculator 9a for calculating the relative speed of a target according to an elapsed time in detecting a reflected signal and an abnormal relative speed detector 9b for detecting an abnormality in a value calculated by the relative speed calculator 9a. The second detector 9B has an offset detector 9c for detecting an offset in accumulated data provided by an operational storage unit 6, to determine whether or not there is an interference signal. FIG. 17 explains a reflected wave detecting operation and a relative speed calculating operation carried out by the relative speed calculator 9a. An optical pulsesignal (2) is transmitted and reflected by an external target. The reflected pulse is detected as an optical pulsesignal (3) Involving noise. The signal (3) is behind the transmission signal (2) by a predetermined period. Transmission of the signal (2) and detection of the signal (3) are carried out in synchronization with sampling pulses. Similar to the first embodiment, the sampling pulses (4) are generated at intervals of 66.7 nanoseconds corresponding to a distance of 10 meters. This example employs 14 sampling pulses to measure 130 meters. It is possible to employ other pulse intervals to measure other distances. Accumulated values (5) are stored in memories M1 to M14 corresponding to the sampling pulses, respectively. A distribution of the accumulated values has a width of .DELTA.M corresponding to the number of accumulation operations. If an accumulated value (5) exceeds a threshold TH, a reflected pulse Rf is detected, and if it is below the threshold TH, it is determined to be noise. Instead of the optical pulsesignal (2), an ultrasonic pulsesignal may be employed. In this case, the interval of pulses is determined according to a sonic velocity. The optical pulsesignal is preferable because it allows smaller pulse intervals. In FIG. 17, the signal (3) has pulses in the memories M8 and M9. The pulse in the proximal memory M8 is detected at time t1. When the target is approaching toward the radar apparatus, i.e., when a distance to the target is shortening, the received pulse (3) moves in the direction of an arrow mark a. The pulse in the memory M7 is detected at time t2. A difference between t1 and t2 corresponds to a distance narrowed by the target and a difference between the pulses detected in the M8 and M7. Namely, the difference corresponds to a period in which the sampling point of the reflected pulse Rf shifts one sampling interval .DELTA.t, which corresponds to a distance of 10 meters. Accordingly, a relative approaching speed is obtained as 10/(t2-t1) m/s. When the target is separating from the radar apparatus, the reflected pulse Rf moves in the direction of an arrow mark b. At time t3, the accumulated value in the memory M8 becomes below the threshold TH, and the reflected pulse Rf disappears. At time t4, the accumulated value in the memory M9 drops below the threshold TH, and the reflected pulse Rf disappears. A difference between t4 and t3 corresponds to a distance to the target and a period in which the sampling point of the reflected pulse Rf moves the sampling interval, i.e., 10 meters. Accordingly, a relative separating speed is calculated as 10/(t4-t3) m/s. When the radar apparatus is approaching to or separating from the target at a speed of, for example, 100 Km/h, its relative speed is about 28 m/s. In this case, a time to move 10 meters is 10/28=0.36 seconds. A period for detecting a reflected pulse is 32 milliseconds with 8192 accumulation operations. This period is less than 1/10 of the moving speed. Accordingly, an error in calculating a relative speed due to the detection period is about .+-.1 m/s. If the relative speed is slower than 28 m/s, the time to move 10 meters becomes longer than 0.36 seconds, to further reduce the error. FIG. 18 is a flowchart showing steps of calculating a relative speed. Step 171 checks accumulated values in the memories M1 to Mn from the nearest one thereof, to see whether or not there is a reflected pulse therein. If YES, step 172 sets the memory in question as Mn and stores detection time t1. Step 173 determines whether or not a memory Mn-.sub.1 in front of the memory Mn includes a reflected pulse. If YES, step 174 stores detection time t2 and divides 10 meters corresponding to the sampling interval by t2-t1 as follows: Vr1=10/ (t2-t1) (10) Step 175 provides the Vr1. If the step 173 determines that the memory Mn-.sub.1 contains no reflected pulse, step 176 determines whether or not the reflected pulsestill exists in the memory Mn. If YES, the step 173 is repeated, and if NO, step 177 stores time t3 at which the reflected pulse has disappeared from the memory Mn. Step 178 determines whether or not the reflected pulse has disappeared from the memory Mn+.sub.1. If the reflected pulsestill exists in the memory Mn+.sub.1, the step 173 is repeated, and if not, step 179 stores time t4 at which the reflected pulse has disappeared from the memory Mn+.sub.1 and divides 10 meters corresponding to the sampling interval by t4-t3 as follows: In this way, the detection and disappearance of a reflected pulse are observed at the nearest sampling point. This may require the optical transmission pulse to sharply rise. It is not required, however, to shorten the width of the pulse. On the contrary, it is preferable to extend the pulse width longer than the sampling pulse interval of 66.7 nanoseconds. The probability of noise of exceeding the threshold TH is not always zero, and if it exceeds the threshold TH, it will cause erroneous detection. To prevent this, the width of the optical transmission pulse is extended so that a reflected pulse is simultaneously detected at two or more sampling points, which may be consecutive or not. This will reduce the probability of erroneous detecting noise as a reflected pulse. An embodiment employing an optical transmission pulse whose width covers two sampling points will be explained later with reference to the third embodiment of the present invention. Extending the width of a transmission pulse is equivalent to increasing the number of accumulation operations. Employing two accumulated values is equal to obtaining a margin of 3 dB in the S/N ratio if the threshold is unchanged. Namely, the technique of employing two accumulated values allows to lower the threshold, while securing the same erroneous detection probability achieved by detecting a reflected pulse at a single sampling point. The second embodiment thus improves detection sensitivity by 3 dB. This embodiment allows the optical transmission pulse to be wide and improves the S/N ratio. The second embodiment correctly calculates an approaching or separating speed even with coarse sampling intervals. The second embodiment relaxes pulse transmission conditions, to thereby make the transmitter and controller simplified, small-sized, and light-weighted. FIGS. 19 to 21 explains a technique of processing an interference signal caused by a pulsesignal transmitted from a target. If a car equipped with a radar apparatus is stopped and if there is an opposite car stopped equipped with a like radar apparatus, the car will receive a pulse signal from the opposite car. In this case, the radar apparatus of the car will detect the opposite car, if the radar apparatuses of both the cars employ a reference clock signal of the same frequency fc and if the pulsesignal from the opposite car reaches the car in question within a period set for distance measurement. The reference clock signal is usually generated by a crystal oscillator having a frequency error of .DELTA.f. This frequency error causes a synchronization error in a pulsesignal, thereby influencing measurement and accumulation operations. When the ratio (.DELTA.f/fc) of the frequency error .DELTA.f to the reference frequency fc is smaller than 2.times.10.sup.-7 (FIG. 19), the frequency error will provide a relative speed of 2.times.10.sup.-7 3.times.10.sup.8 (where 3.times.10.sup.8 is the velocity of light). Accordingly, it is observed that the opposite car is moving at a speed of 60 m/s (216 Km/h). In this case, it is impossible to determine whether it is an error due to an interference with the pulsesignal transmitted from the opposite car or the opposite car is actually moving at the observed speed. If this radar apparatus serves as a collision alarm device, it may provide a wrong alarm. When the ratio .DELTA.f/fc further increases within an accumulation period of 32 milliseconds, to cover twice (133 nanoseconds) a sampling interval, i.e., 133.times.10.sup.-9 /32.times.10.sup.-3 =4.16.times.10.sup.-6 due to the interference with the pulsesignal from the opposite car, the situation worsens. If the ratio .DELTA.f/fc is greater than 2.times.10.sup.-7 and smaller than 4.16.times.10.sup.-6, it is observed that the opposite car is moving at a relative speed of 60 m/s (216 Km/h). This speed is abnormal as the speed of a standard car, so that it is determined to be erroneous detection due to the interference. If the ratio .DELTA.f/fc is in this range, it is possible to identify the erroneous detection caused by the interference by monitoring a relative speed. Namely, the abnormal relative speed detector 9b provides an abnormality output if the relative speed is greater than 60 m/s. FIG. 20 explains the case of the ratio .DELTA.f/fc being above 4.16.times.10.sup.-6 and below the ratio of sampling interval to accumulation period (in the above case, four microseconds to 32 milliseconds=1.25.times.10.sup.-4 or below). As explained above, a sampling point moves for 4.16.times.10.sup.-6 0.032=133 nanoseconds or more within the accumulation period of 32 milliseconds due to the interference if the frequency error ratio exceeds 4.16.times.10.sup.-6. Accordingly, if the appearance and disappearance of a reflected pulse are observed at the nearest sampling point as in the case of FIG. 18, it will be impossible to calculate the relative speed. Accordingly, it is determined that erroneous detection has occurred due to the interference. In this way, the alarming logic according to the second embodiment employs two parameters, i.e., a distance and a relative speed, to surely identify erroneous detection due to an interference and issue no wrong alarm. In this range of frequency error ratio, a received pulse is observed over three sampling points or more which are at time intervals of 66.7 nanoseconds. When the frequency error ratio further increases, the interference gradually covers all sampling points. If the frequency error ratio .DELTA.f/fc is equal to the ratio of sampling interval to accumulation period, i.e., 1.25.times.10.sup.-4 and is in synchronization with the interference at the start of accumulation operations, the sampling point where a reflected pulse is detected moves for 1.25.times.10.sup.-4 .times.0.032=4 microseconds, which is equal to the pulsesignal transmission interval, after 32 milliseconds in which 8192 accumulation operations are completed. Accordingly, erroneous detection due to the interference is always observed at every sampling point at a time ratio of 133 nanoseconds/4 microseconds =3.33% with respect to a pulse width of 133 nanoseconds. If the S/N ratio of the interference is sufficiently high, an offset of 8192.times.0.0333=273 due to the interference occurs on the 8192 accumulation operations. The threshold TH for detecting a pulse in the 8192 accumulation operations is about 0.5 (an average of noise) plus 0.02 in terms of a normalized accumulated value. Accordingly, the offset is greater than the threshold, i.e., 8192.times.0.02=163. If it is set to cause a uniform offset at every sampling point when a target causes an interference, it is possible to identify the interference by monitoring accumulated data to see whether or not the uniform offset has occurred. When the frequency error ratio .DELTA.f /fc is below 1.25.times.10.sup.-4, the offset will occur irregularly. If there are a plurality of targets with the frequency error ratio .DELTA.f /fc of below 1.25.times.10.sup.-4, a pulse will be observed over more than three sampling points, so that it is impossible to correctly identify the interference from the offset on accumulated values. If the frequency error ratio .DELTA.f /fc is set to be greater than the ratio of sampling interval to accumulation period (1.25.times.10.sup.-4) (FIG. 21), the uniform offset will be always observed on accumulated data. In this case, the interference is identifiable according to an output of the offset detector 9c. At the same time, the threshold TH is set according to a proper offset value, and if an actual reflected pulse from a target exceeds the threshold TH, the pulse will be detected. Accordingly, a distance to the target is correctly measurable even with the interference with the target. Alternatively, the offset due to the interference may be removed by a proper removing device, to detect a true reflected pulse. As explained above, the interference signal is detectable and removable by monitoring a relative speed and an offset in accumulated data and by removing the offset. To detect the interference with a target, the frequency error ratio .DELTA.f/fc must be greater than 2.times.10.sup.-7 so that the abnormal relative speed detector 9b may detect the interference. This prevents the collision alarm device from providing a wrong alarm. The offset is detectable dependent on the frequency error ratio. To surely detect the interference, the frequency error ratio .DELTA.f/fc must be greater than the ratio of sampling interval to accumulation period (1.25.times.10.sup.-4). This results in dispersing the interference over all sampling points, so that the interference is removed and a reflected pulse from a target is detected. Namely, a reflected pulse greater than the offset is detectable. When the offset is 0.0333, the threshold TH is calculated as 0.5533 by adding an average of 0.5 for noise plus a threshold of 0.02 for non-interference signal to the threshold TH. This enables the radar apparatus to detect a signal up to -17 dB. This corresponds to a sensitivity loss of 3 dB compared with a signal detection level of -20 dB with no interference. Due to the sensitivity loss of 3 dB, a measuring distance will be shortened 0.91 times, or 0.84 times if the sensitivity loss is 6 dB. This results, however, in minimizing or removing interference signals. As explained above, the frequency error ratio .DELTA.f/fc of a reference clock signal is set to disperse an interference signal from a target over all sampling points, thereby removing the interference signal. This embodiment detects an interference signal from a target according to a relative speed and data accumulated in memories and removes the interference signal. The embodiment properly selects the frequency of the reference clock signal and the frequency error ratio .DELTA.f/fc thereof, to minimize the influence of the interference signal. The embodiment thus minimizes or removes erroneous detection due to the interference signal. The embodiment realizes a reliable car distance alarm device and a collision alarm device, to secure safety driving. A 15-MHz reference clock frequency fc has a period of 66.7 nanoseconds that correspond to a distance of 10 meters in the radar apparatus. If a measurement error of 1%, i.e., one meter per 100 meters is allowable, the frequency error ratio .DELTA.f/fc must be 10.sup.-2 or below, i.e., the frequency must be in the range of 14.85 to 15.15 MHz. To secure the frequency error ratio .DELTA.f/fc equal to the ratio of sampling interval to accumulation period, i.e., 1.25.times.10.sup.-4 or over, the frequency must be distributed such that a space of 300 KHz between 14.85 MHz and 15.15 MHz is filled with 160 pulses at intervals of 15.times.10.sup.6 .times.1.25.times.10.sup.-4 =1875 Hz. The reference clock frequency fc is not necessarily of 15 MHz. Many frequency distributions are possible. When the frequency error ratio .DELTA.f/fc exceeds the ratio of sampling interval to accumulation period, an interference signal from an opposite car is detectable as a uniform offset value with no regard to an abnormal relative speed. Accordingly, if a relative speed of 216 Km/h or higher actually occurs, an abnormal speed alarm will be issued to warn that the cars are approaching each other at a speed of 120 Km/h or over. The third embodiment of the present invention will be explained. The third embodiment is a modification of the second embodiment. FIG. 22 is a block diagram showing the third embodiment. The same parts as those of the first embodiment such as the radar head and cumulative storage unit are represented with like reference marks, and their explanations will not be repeated. A decision unit 77 is basically the same as the decision unit 7 of the first embodiment. The decision unit 77 has a function of determining whether or not the detection point of a reflected signal from a target has moved, i.e., whether or not the relative speed of the target has changed. The decision unit 77 controls a relative speed detection counter 12, an error detection preventive unit 13, and a relative speed calculator 14. A controller 88 is basically the same as the controller 8 of the first embodiment and provides a trigger pulse to a driver 5a-1 of a pulsesignal transmitter 5a. According to this embodiment, the transmitter 5a transmits an optical pulsesignal whose width covers at least two consecutive sampling points. The counter 12 counts the number of trigger pulses provided by a trigger pulse generator 8c and informs the decision unit 77 or relative speed calculator 14 of the count. The counter 12 is cleared after the relative speed calculator 14 calculates the relative speed of the target. The error detection preventive unit 13 is set by the controller 88 and confirms whether or not a reflected pulse is detected over at least two consecutive sampling points in a sampling period. When the reflected pulse is not detected over at least two sampling points, it is determined to be noise. The relative speed calculator 14 multiplies the number of the trigger pulses by the interval of the trigger pulses, i.e., four microseconds and divides a distance corresponding to one sampling interval (10 meters in this embodiment similar to the first embodiment) by the result of the multiplication, to provide a relative speed, i.e., the approaching or separating speed of the target. According to the third embodiment, when an optical pulse is transmitted, a reflected optical pulse is received after a given time needed for the transmitted pulse being reflected by the target and reaching the radar apparatus. The transmission and reception of the pulse are carried out in response to the sampling pulses. The sampling pulses are generated at intervals of, for example, 66.7 nanoseconds corresponding to a distance of 10 meters. This embodiment employs 14 sampling pulses to measure 130 meters. Sampled data are accumulated in memories M1 to M14 corresponding to the sampling pulses, respectively. The accumulated data show a distribution width of .DELTA.M depending on the number of accumulation operations. When accumulated values at optional two consecutive sampling points exceed each a threshold TH, a reflected pulse is detected. If the accumulated value is below the threshold TH, it is determined to be noise. A method of calculating a relative speed according to the third embodiment will be explained. When a reflected pulse from a target is detected, the sampling point of the reflected pulse is set as a reference, and a period in which the sampling point moves in a forward direction (the direction of the arrow mark a in the first embodiment of FIG. 17) or in a backward direction (in the direction of the arrow mark b in FIG. 17) by one position is counted. According to the counted period, the relative speed of the target is calculated. If the target is approaching toward the radar apparatus, the reflected pulse is detected in a shorter time. Accordingly, the sampling point of the reflected pulse moves forward by one. During this period, the number of trigger pulses T is counted, and the count k is multiplied by the interval (four microseconds) of the trigger pulses T. The multiplication result corresponds to a period in which the received pulse moves for the sampling interval (10 meters). Accordingly, the relative approaching speed is obtained as 10/(k.multidot.T). When the target is separating from the radar apparatus, the period between the transmission and reception of a pulse becomes longer, so that the sampling point of the reflected pulse moves backward by one. The number of trigger pulses T is counted, and the count k of the trigger pulses is multiplied by the interval of the trigger pulses T, i.e., four microseconds. A result of the multiplication corresponds to a period in which the received pulse moves for the sampling interval (10 meters). Accordingly, the separating speed is calculated as 10/(k.multidot.T). FIG. 28 is a flowchart showing steps carried out by the third embodiment of the present invention. Step 231 determines whether or not a trigger pulse T has been provided. If YES, step 232 increments the counter 12, and step 233 determines whether or not a first part of a reflected pulse has been detected. According to this embodiment, the width of the pulse from the transmitter 5a extends over two sampling points. Accordingly, the first part of the reflected pulse is firstly detected in response to a sampling pulse. If the first part has been detected, step 234 determines whether or not a second part of the pulse has been detected. The reason why the second part of the pulse is detected is because, as explained above, a true reflected pulse extends over at least two sampling pulses. This may prevent erroneous detection. If the step 234 determines that there is no second part, the step 288 is repeated. If the second part is detected, it is determined that the detected pulse is a true reflected pulse, and step 235 changes a sampling point where the first part of the previous reflected pulse has been detected from Mn to Mm. Step 236 changes a sampling point where the first part of the present reflected pulse has been detected from M to Mn. Step 237 determines whether or not the sampling points Mn and Mm are equal to each other. If YES, it is determined that the relative speed of the target is substantially zero, and the step 231 is repeated. If the Mn and Mm are not equal to each other, it is determined that the relative speed of the target is changing, i.e., the target is approaching or separating. Step 238 determines whether or not the first part of the present reflected pulse has been detected at a sampling point Mm-1. If NO, step 242 is carried out, and if YES, it is determined that there is an approaching speed, and step 239 calculates the approaching speed Vr1 as follows: Vr1=10/(t.multidot.T) (12) where t is a count counted by the counter 12 and T is the interval (four microseconds) of the trigger pulses. Step 240 provides the approaching speed Vr1. Step 241 clears the counter 12, and the step 231 is repeated. If the step 238 determines that the first part of the present reflected pulse has not been detected at the sampling point Mm-1, the step 242 determines whether or not the first part of the present reflected pulse has disappeared at the sampling point Mm. If NO, the step 231 is repeated, and if YES, step 243 determines whether or not the first part of the present reflected pulse has been detected at a sampling point Mm+1. If NO, the step 231 is repeated, and if YES, it is determined that there is a separating speed, and step 244 calculates the separating speed Vr2 as follows: Vr2=10/(t.multidot.d) (13) where t is a count counted by the counter 12 and T is the interval (four microseconds) of the trigger pulses. Step 245 provides the separating speed Vr2. Step 246 clears the counter 12, and the flow returns to the step 231. In this way, this embodiment sets a sampling point where a reflected pulse is newly detected as a reference point. According to the reference point, the embodiment counts a shift of the reflected pulse on sampling points, to calculate a relative speed. This may require the transmission pulse to steeply rise. It is not necessary, however, to shorten the width of the pulse. It is rather preferable to extend the pulse width longer than the interval of the sampling pulses. In this example, the probability of a signal caused only by noise exceeding the threshold TH for detecting a reflected pulse is not zero. Namely, there is a possibility of erroneous detection. Such erroneous detection due to noise will be reduced by always checking whether or not a reflected pulse is detected at consecutive two sampling points. This technique is equivalent to further accumulating data. Under the same threshold TH, the technique of employing two accumulated values is equivalent to obtaining a margin of 3 dB. In other words, the threshold TH may be decreased to obtain the same error detection probability provided by detecting a reflected pulse at one sampling point. Namely, detection sensitivity is improved by 3 dB. The third embodiment employs the sampling points as distance gates and calculates a relative speed according to an interval between the sampling points where reflected pulses are detected or an interval between the sampling points where a reflected pulse appears and disappears. This interval is counted according to the trigger pulses and corresponds to a predetermined distance. Even if the width of the transmission pulse is wide and the sampling interval is coarse, the relative speed is correctly and speedily calculable. This embodiment widens the transmission pulse width longer than the sampling interval so that a reflected pulse is detected at two sampling points or more, to reduce the probability of erroneous detection and improve pulse detection sensitivity. It is possible that noise exceeds the threshold just before a reflected pulse covering two sampling points is detected. In this case, the step 233 detects the noise, the step 234 detects a first part of a true reflected pulse and then a second part of the reflected pulse. In this case, the embodiment will provide an approaching speed even if the actual relative speed is zero. To prevent this, there is inserted a step of postponing the relative speed calculation if a reflected pulse is detected at consecutive three or more sampling points. In this case, the erroneous detection will be avoided only with an additional delay time corresponding to one trigger pulse. If noise is detected at consecutive two or more sampling points, erroneous detection will be avoided by considering a nonexistent distance. This embodiment employs a simple arrangement to effectively prevent erroneous detection, correctly measure a distance, and calculate a relative speed. The fourth embodiment of the present invention will be explained with reference to the drawings. FIG. 24 is a block diagram showing the fourth embodiment. In the figure, the same parts as those of the first embodiment such as the radar head and sampler are represented with like reference marks, and their explanations will not be repeated. A pulsesignal transmitter 5a transmits a pulse signal, which is sampled by a sampler 6A. A first cumulative storage unit 6B sequentially accumulates data sampled by the sampler 6A. The first cumulative storage unit 6B is the same as that of the first embodiment. While the transmitter 5a is inactive, the sampler 6A samples data, which are sequentially accumulated in a second cumulative storage unit 6C. Namely, the second cumulative storage unit 6C accumulates only noise data. In response to an instruction from a controller 89, a decision unit 79 fetches data from the first cumulative storage unit 6B and determines whether or not the data contain a reflected pulse from a target, similar to the first embodiment. The decision unit 79 has a function of calculating the relative speed of the target, similar to the second embodiment. In response to an instruction from the controller 89, the decision unit 79 fetches data from the second cumulative storage unit 6C, detects a noise level at each sampling point in one sampling period, and uses the noise levels as thresholds for detecting the reflected pulse from the target. The controller 89 controls the radar head S, sampler 6A, first cumulative storage unit 6B, and decision unit 79, to detect the reflected pulse from the target and calculate the relative speed of the target, similar to the first embodiment. The controller 89 also controls second cumulative storage unit 6C, and a drive controller 21, to detect the noise level of each sampling point in one sampling period. The drive controller 21 has a function of instructing the sampler 6A to sample noise, a function of counting the number (for example, 8192) of noise level detecting operations carried out after sampling a reflected signal, and a function of terminating the noise level detecting operations according to the count. It is possible to provide a function of stopping the transmitter 5a once the number of trigger pulses provided by a trigger generator 8C reaches a predetermined value. FIG. 25 is a flowchart showing steps carried out according to the fourth embodiment. Step 281 resets the counter N=0. Step 282 instructs the transmitter 5a to transmit a pulsesignal. Step 283 samples a reflected signal from a target. Step 284 transfers sampled data to the first cumulative storage unit 6B, which accumulates the data. Step 285 informs the decision unit 79 of the completion of the storage of the data. Step 286 instructs to sample noise. Step 287 samples noise. Step 288 transfers the sampled noise data to the second cumulative storage unit 6C, which accumulates the data. Step 289 informs the decision unit 79 of the completion of the storage of the noise data. Step 290 increments the counter N=N+1. Step 291 determines if N.gtoreq.8192. If N<8192, the flow returns to the step 282. If N>8192, step 292 transfers the sampled signal and noise data to the decision unit 79. Step 293 recognizes a noise level at each sampling point according to the noise data and sets, for the corresponding sampling point, a threshold TH for detecting a reflected pulsesignal. Namely, each noise level is set as a threshold TH. Step 294 compares the noise levels with the sampled reflected signal. Step 295 determines whether or not there is a reflected pulse that is greater than the thresholds. If NO, step 296 determines that there is no reflected pulse from the target, and the flow returns to the step 281. If there is the reflected pulse greater than the thresholds, step 297 determines that the reflected pulse from the target has been detected, and the flow returns to the step 281. If the reflected pulse from the target is detected, a distance to the target and the relative speed of the target are calculated according to the detected pulse, and calculated results and an alarm if necessary are displayed on a CRT. According to the first or second embodiment, all the accumulated values higher than a threshold TH was detected as a reflected signal from a target. On the other hand, the individual noise levels were measured for each sampling point and set as shown by the curve C.sub.TH in FIG. 26, to compare with the individual accumulated value in this fourth embodiment. Then, the accumulated value M6, which corresponds to high noise level N6, will not be detected as a real reflected signal from the target. Hence, the fourth embodiment can avoid erroneous detection due to the noise. The fourth embodiment samples noise Just after sampling a reflected signal from a target. This is to sample environmental noise due to sunlight, temperature, humidity, engine, alternator, fluctuations in a power source voltage, etc. The fourth embodiment samples only noise Just after sampling a reflected signal from a target. The present invention is not limited to this. For example, noise may be sampled after transmitting a plurality of pulses, or noise may be sampled s times after transmitting k pulses. Instead of if N.gtoreq.8192 in the step 291, the integer multiple of 8192 can be employed. The second cumulative storage unit 6C may be omitted, and the first cumulative storage unit 6B may alternately detect a reflected signal and noise. The fourth embodiment of the present invention employs a simple arrangement to prevent erroneous detection due to noise, accurately measure a distance, and correctly calculate a relative speed. It is possible to control the controller 89 or drive controller 21 according to external signals, to optionally set the sampling timing of noise. The fifth embodiment of the present invention will be explained with reference to the drawings. FIG. 27 is a block diagram showing the fifth embodiment. In the figure, the same parts as those of the fourth embodiment such as the radar head, cumulative storage unit, decision unit, and controller are represented with like reference marks, and their explanations will not be repeated. A drive controller 821 has a function of instructing a sampler 6A to sample noise, a function of counting the number of operations (for example, 8192) of detecting noise levels after sampling a reflected signal, a function of terminating the noise level detecting operations according to the count, and a function of counting trigger pulses provided by a trigger generator 8C (as shown in FIG. 2) and suspending a pulsesignal transmitter 5a at every predetermined number of trigger pulses, similar to the fourth embodiment. The fifth embodiment differs from the fourth embodiment in that it has a function of controlling the start or end of the noise level detecting operations in response to an instruction provided by an external controller 31. The external controller 31 has a notify unit 31-1 for notifying the drive controller 821 of the start of noise sampling, an illuminance sensor 31-2 for measuring environmental illuminance, a temperature sensor 31-3 for measuring an ambient temperature and the temperature of the radar proper, a wiper switch 31-4 for monitoring the operation of a wiper, a raindrop sensor 31-5 for sensing whether or not there are raindrops or the quantity of raindrops, a timer 31-6 for measuring time, an ignition switch 31-7 for recognizing the operations of a car on which the radar apparatus is mounted, and a manual switch 31-8. The notify unit 31-1 may have a threshold for determining whether or not the sensors 31-2, 31-3, 31-5, and 31-6 are providing an output, and a function of recognizing the ON/OFF states of the switches 31-4, 31-7, and 31-8. The threshold and function may be included in these sensors and switches. FIG. 28 is a flowchart showing steps carried out by the fifth embodiment. Step 321 determines whether or not there is a change in illuminance. If YES, step 329 starts to sample noise, and then the step 321 is repeated. If there is no change in illuminance, step 322 determines if there is a change in temperature. If YES, the step 329 starts to sample noise, and then the step 321 is repeated. If there is no change in temperature, step 323 determines if the wiper switch 31-4 has been turned ON. If YES, the step 329 starts to sample noise, and the flow returns to the step 321. If the wiper switch 31-4 has not been turned ON, step 324 determines if there are raindrops. If YES, step 325 determines whether or not the wiper switch 31-4 has been turned OFF. If there are no raindrops, step 326 is carried out. If the step 325 determines that the wiper switch 31-4 has been turned OFF, the step 329 starts to sample noise, and the flow returns to the step 321. If the wiper switch 31-4 has not been turned OFF, the step 326 is carried out. The step 326 determines if a predetermined time has passed. If YES, the step 329 starts to sample noise, and the flow returns to the step 321. If the predetermined time has not passed, step 327 determines if the ignition switch 31-7 has been turned ON. If YES, the step 329 starts to sample noise, and the flow returns to the step 321. If the ignition switch has not been turned ON, step 328 determines whether or not the manual switch 31-8 has been turned 0N. If YES, the step 329 starts to sample noise, and the flow returns to the step 321. If the manual switch 31-8 has not been turned ON, the flow returns to the step 321. In this way, the fifth embodiment employs the external controller 31 for controlling the drive controller 821 for controlling whether or not noise must be sampled. The external controller 31 involves the illuminance sensor 31-2, temperature sensor 31-3, wiper switch 31-4, raindrop sensor 31-5, timer 31-6, ignition switch 31-7, and manual switch 31-8. Accordingly, the fifth embodiment is capable of changing thresholds for detecting a reflected pulse from a target whenever noise is caused due to sunlight, temperature, raindrops, engine, alternator, and fluctuations in a power source voltage. Accordingly, the fifth embodiment always correctly catches a reflected pulse from a target, measures a distance to the target, and calculates the relative speed of the target. The fifth embodiment freely sets thresholds for detecting a reflected pulse from a target according to environmental conditions or driver's request. The fifth embodiment employs a simple arrangement to prevent erroneous detection due to noise, accurately measure a distance, and calculate a relative speed. The sixth embodiment will be explained with reference to the drawings. FIG. 29 is a block diagram showing the sixth embodiment. In the figure, the same parts as those of the fourth embodiment such as the radar head, cumulative storage unit, decision unit, and controller are represented with like reference marks, and their explanations will not be repeated. A drive controller 822 recognizes the sampling timing of noise according to an internal instruction provided by a controller 89 or an external instruction provided by the external controller 31 of FIG. 27. The drive controller 822 controls a shutter 41. The shutter 41 is a liquid crystal shutter or a mechanical shutter. In response to an instruction from the drive controller 822, the shutter 41 is opened and closed to control the transmission of a pulsesignal provided by a transmitter 5a. FIG. 30 is a flowchart showing steps carried out by the sixth embodiment of the present invention. Step 351 determines whether or not a signal to start sampling noise has been provided. If YES, step 352 zeroes a counter, and step 353 turns ON, i.e., closes the shutter 41. Step 354 causes the transmitter 5a to transmit a pulsesignal. Since the shutter 41 is closed, the pulsesignal is blocked. Step 355 drives a receiver 5b to sample noise. Step 356 accumulates the sampled noise in a second cumulative storage unit 6C. Step 357 increments the counter to N+1. Step 358 determines if N.gtoreq.8192. If N<8192, the flow returns to the step 354. If N.gtoreq.8192, step 359 turns OFF, i.e., opens the shutter 41. Step 360 zeroes the counter, and step 361 transmits the pulsesignal from the transmitter 5a. Since the shutter 41 is open, the pulse signal is transmitted outside. Step 362 drives the receiver 5b to sample a reflected pulsesignal from a target. Step 363 accumulates the sampled signal in a first cumulative storage unit 6B. Step 364 increments the counter to N+1. Step 365 determines if N.gtoreq.8192. If N<8192, the flow returns to the step 361. If N.gtoreq.8192, step 366 transfers the sampled noise and signal to a decision unit 79. Step 367 detects noise levels according to the sampled noise, and according to the noise levels, sets thresholds for detecting a reflected pulse. Step 368 compares the thresholds with the sampled signal. Step 369 determines whether or not there is any sampled value that exceeds the thresholds. If there is no data that exceeds the thresholds, step 370 determines that there is no reflected pulse, and the flow returns to the step 351. If there is a value that exceeds the thresholds, step 371 determines that there is a reflected pulse, and the flow returns to the step 351. The sixth embodiment arranges the shutter 41 in front of the transmitter 5a. The shutter 41 is opened and closed in response to an external signal. When the shutter 41 is closed, noise is detected. Accordingly, the thresholds for detecting a reflected pulse from a target are changed according to noise due to sunlight, temperature, rain, engine, alternator, fluctuations in a power source voltage, etc. The thresholds may be changed according to driver's requirements. The sixth embodiment is capable of always correctly catching a reflected pulse from a target. The sixth embodiment employs a simple arrangement to prevent erroneous detection due to noise, correctly measure a distance, and calculate a relative speed. The step 365 is not limited to determine if N.gtoreq.8192. With a greater number to check N, it is possible to sample noise once after transmitting a plurality of pulses, or sample noise s times after transmitting k pulses. The sixth embodiment employs a simple arrangement to accurately measure a distance and speedily calculate a relative speed. The seventh embodiment of the present invention will be explained with reference to the drawings. FIG. 31 is a block diagram showing the seventh embodiment. In the figure, the same parts as those of the first embodiment are represented with like reference marks and their explanations will not be repeated. A radar head 5 of this embodiment has two pulsesignal transmitters 5a and 5aa having the same arrangement. The transmitter 5a includes a series circuit of a first driver 5a-1, a light emitting element 5a-2, and a lens 5a-3. The transmitter 5aa includes a series circuit of a second driver 5aa-1, a light emitting element 5aa-2, and a lens 5aa-3. The light emitting elements 5a-2 and 5aa-2 may be LEDs or semiconductor laser diodes. Pulse signals from the transmitters 5a and 5aa may be electromagnetic or sonic wave signals. In this case, elements for transmitting the electromagnetic or sonic wave signals must be employed instead of the light emitting elements. A switching circuit 51 receives a trigger pulse from a trigger generator 8c, to acknowledge the timing of a pulsesignal to be transmitted outside, and alternately provides the first and second drivers 5a-1 and 5aa-1 with the trigger pulse. It is possible to arrange three or more transmitters, or an array of transmitters. FIG. 82 is a timing chart showing the seventh embodiment. Once a controller 8 provides a detection start signal, a trigger pulse (1) is provided at every four microseconds. A pulse 201 is transmitted in response to every odd trigger pulse (1), and a pulse 202 is transmitted in response to every even trigger pulse (1). If there are three or more light emitting elements, they alternately emit pulses at intervals of four microseconds. Namely, the controller 8, switching circuit 51, and drivers 5a-1 and 5aa-1 alternately drive the transmitters at predetermined intervals. For example, let's consider the case that 14 sampling pulses (4) are provided. The interval .DELTA.t of the sampling pulses corresponds to 10 meters. The sampling value of "0" or "1" is stored to the corresponding sampling point for each sampling pulse. A cumulative storage signal (5) is provided when no sampling pulse is provided. While the signal (5) is being provided, sampled data are accumulated and stored. According to the seventh embodiment, the switching circuit 51 alternately provides the first and second drivers 5a-1 and 5aa-1 with a trigger pulse, so that the number of activations of the light emitting element 5a-2 is halved due to the light emitting element 5aa-2. With the simple arrangement, the seventh embodiment doubles the service lives of the light emitting elements 5a-2 and 5aa-2. This results in improving the durability and reliability of the light emitting elements 5a-2 and 5aa-2. If one of the light emitting elements is broken during operation, the other element may accumulate and store data at a sampling interval of eight microseconds that is double the normal interval of four microseconds. This secures safety driving. As explained with reference to,the first embodiment, the light emitting elements may have small output power, to easily improve the durability of the light emitting elements. The seventh embodiment further improves the durability and safety of the elements. A radar apparatus according to the eighth embodiment of the present invention will be explained with reference to FIGS. 33 to 35. This radar apparatus is characterized by the structure of an operational storage unit 66 of FIG. 33. The operational storage unit 66 may be substituted for the operational storage unit 6 of any one of the first to seventh embodiments. The operational storage unit 66 has a gate timing switch 66-1, which receives a sampling pulse from a sampling pulse generator 8d and provides a gate instruction for a predetermined sampling point. A counter 66-2 counts trigger signals from a trigger generator 8c and provides a sampling timing switch signal when a predetermined number of trigger signals is counted. An input gate 66-3 receives a binary signal in response to a gate timing signal from the gate timing switch 66-1. A cumulative storage unit 66-4 successively accumulates and stores the binary signal at each sampling point. An output gate 66-5 provides the accumulated value stored in the cumulative storage unit 66-4 in response to a signal from the counter 66-2. A memory 66-6 stores the accumulated values of 14 sampling points that temporally differ from one another. A memory switch 66-7 is switched to store the accumulated value provided by the output gate 66-5 in the memory 66-6 at an address corresponding to a specified sampling point. An operation of the operational storage unit 66 will be explained with reference to the timing charts of FIGS. 34 and 35. A principle of the operation will be explained at first. Upon counting m trigger signals, the counter 66-2 provides the gate timing switch 66-1 with a gate timing switch signal, the cumulative storage unit 66-4 with a clear signal, the output gate 66-5 with an output signal, and the memory switch 66-7 with a memory address switch signal. In response to the signal from the counter the gate timing switch 66-1 changes the position of a sampling pulse according to which it provides the input gate 66-3 with an input gate signal. Whenever receiving the input gate signal from the gate timing switch 66-1, the input gate 66-3 receives a binary signal and transfers it to the cumulative storage unit 66-4. The cumulative storage unit 66-3 cumulatively stores the binary signal. In response to the output signal from the counter 66-2, the output gate 66-5 transfers the accumulated value stored in the cumulative storage unit 66-4 to a corresponding one of addresses M1 to Mn of the memory 66-6 specified by the memory switch 66-7. Thereafter, the cumulative storage unit 66-4 is cleared. As shown in the timing charts of FIGS. 34 and 35, a first round of m sampling operations (m=8192 in the preceding embodiments) is carried out by accumulating and storing a binary signal m times in response to a first sampling pulse in each of the m sampling operations. Upon counting m trigger signals, the counter 66-2 provides the output gate 66-5 with an output instruction. The output gate 68-5 transfers the accumulated value stored in the cumulative storage unit 66-4 to the address M1 of the memory 66-6 through the memory switch 68-7. The gate timing switch 66-1 changes gate timing so that the input gate 66-8 may receive an input gate signal in response to a second sampling pulse in each sampling operation, to transfer a binary signal to the cumulative storage unit 66-4. After m cumulative and storing operations, the accumulated value stored in the cumulative storage unit 66-4 is transferred to the address M2 of the memory 66-6 through the memory switch 66-7. In this way, the timing of opening the input gate 66-3 is shifted by one sampling pulse period .DELTA.t whenever m trigger signals have been counted, and the accumulated value stored in the cumulative storage unit 66-4 is transferred each time to a corresponding one of the addresses M3, M4, and so on of the memory 66-6. In this way, each sampling round accumulates and stores a binary signal m times in response to an "n"th sampling pulse, and an accumulated value of each round of m sampling operations is transferred to the address Mn of the memory 66-6. In this way, the binary signal is sampled at n sampling points. After the completion of the n rounds of the m sampling operations, the contents of the memory 66-6 are sent to the decision unit 7, 77, or 79 to detect a reflected pulse Rf from a target and calculate the distance to the target, similar to the preceding embodiments. A modification of this embodiment may employ two memories 66-6. In this case, the same operation as mentioned above is carried out when the pulse transmitter is stopped, and accumulated values are stored in the second memory 66-6 at corresponding addresses. Similar to the fourth to sixth embodiments of FIGS. 24 to 30, this modification detects a noise level for each sampling point and uses the noise level as a threshold for finding a reflected pulse Rf from a target, to accurately measure the distance to the target. Each of the first to eighth embodiments transmits a pulse, samples the pulse at temporally different sampling points, accumulates sampled values, divides the accumulated value of each sampling point by the number of cumulative operations, to provide a normalized value, and calculates the distance to a target according to the sampling point whose normalized value is above a threshold TH. If it is required only to determine whether or not there is an obstacle in the range of, for example, one meter around the radar apparatus, it is sufficient to provide a circuit that samples a binary signal predetermined times at a sampling point corresponding to a distance of one meter, accumulates the sampled values, calculates a normalized value, compares the normalized value with a predetermined threshold TH or a separately measured noise level, and if the normalized value is higher than the threshold TH, determines that there is an obstacle. Thereafter, an alarm may be issued or displayed. Another modification of the eighth embodiment may set different numbers of cumulative operations depending on sampling points. A signal received from a far target involves a low S/N ratio and requires a large number of cumulative operations. On the other hand, a signal received from a near target involves a high S/N ratio and requires a small number of cumulative operations. Accordingly, the modification reduces the number of cumulative operations for near sampling points and increases the same for far sampling points. This is realized by adjusting the timing of an end pulse provided by the start pulse generator 8b through the sampling pulse generator 8d of FIGS. 2 and 31. In this way, the eighth embodiment collects an accumulated value for noise at each sampling point and employs it as a threshold for the sampling point. Accordingly, this embodiment surely removes the influence of noise at each sampling point when detecting a target and accurately calculating the distance to the target. A radar apparatus according to the ninth embodiment of the present invention will be explained with reference to FIGS. 36 to 40. The same reference marks as those of the first embodiment of FIGS. 1 and 2 represent like parts. The radar apparatus of the ninth embodiment has a radar head 5, an operational storage unit 6 for sampling a binary signal from the radar head 5 and cumulatively storing values sampled at sampling points, a decision unit 7 for specifying a sampling point whose cumulative value is above a threshold TH and calculating the distance to a target, and a controller 8 for controlling these elements. These parts are the same as those of the first embodiment. The radar head, operational storage unit, decision unit, and controller of the ninth embodiment may be those of FIGS. 16, 22, 24, 27, and 29. The ninth embodiment is characterized by a peak detector 15 arranged between the operational storage unit 6 and the decision unit 7. The peak detector 15 may be a software program executed by a computer that forms the decision unit 7. The peak detector 15 compares each of the accumulated values of sampling points stored in the operational storage unit 6 with the threshold TH and specifies a sampling point whose accumulated value exceeds the threshold TH. If there are a plurality of sampling points whose accumulated values are each above the threshold TH, the peak detector 15 estimates by approximation a peak according to the accumulated values of these sampling points. The estimated peak is transferred to the decision unit 7. An operation of the peak detector 15 will be explained with reference to FIGS. 37 to 39. A pulsesignal transmitter 5a transmits a pulsesignal (2) at a sampling frequency of, for example, 4 .mu.s as in the preceding embodiments. The pulse width of the pulsesignal (2) is greater than a sampling pulse interval .DELTA.t, which is 66.7 ns in the preceding embodiments. A reflected pulsesignal receiver 5b continuously receives an external signal (3), converts it into a binary signal, and transfers the binary signal to the operational storage unit 6. The pulsesignal (2) from the transmitter 5a is reflected by a target as a reflected pulsesignal Rf and is received by the receiver 5b with a time delay Td corresponding to the distance to the target. In response to one of a predetermined number of (for example, 14) sampling pulses (4) in each trigger period, the operational storage unit 6 samples the binary signal and cumulatively stores the sampled value for a corresponding sampling point. The number of sampling operations in each distance measuring operation is 8192 in the preceding embodiments. This number of sampling operations is equal to the number of trigger signals (FIG. 3), or the number of pulsesignals to be emitted from the transmitter 5a. After the completion of the sampling operations, the accumulated values (8) of the respective sampling points are transferred to respective memories. Since the width of the transmitted pulse (2) is greater than the sampling pulse interval .DELTA.t, the reflected pulse Rf is detectable at a plurality of the sampling points. Accordingly, the peak detector 15 receives the accumulated values (8) from the operational storage unit 6 and carries out a peak detection process as indicated with (9) and provides the decision unit 7 with a time delay T between the timing of the transmitted pulse and the detected peak. The steps of detecting a peak will be explained with reference to FIGS. 38 and 39. Steps 401 to 404 successively read accumulated values Si of sampling points Xi, set a largest accumulated value exceeding a threshold TH as a first peak value al and a second largest accumulated value exceeding the threshold TH as a second peak value a2, and identify sampling points p1 and p2 corresponding to the first and second peak values a1 and a2. In the example of FIG. 39, the first peak p1 corresponding to a sampling point Xn is farther from the radar apparatus than the second peak p2 corresponding to a sampling point Xn-1. The accumulated values of the sampling points Xn and Xn-1 are Sn and Sn-1, which correspond to the first and second peak values a1 and a2. Step 405 determines which of the first and second peaks p1 and p2 is farther than the other. If the first peak p1 is farther than the second peak p2, step 406a extends a straight line A1 from the accumulated value a1 (=Sn) of the first peak p1 (=Xn) to the accumulated value Sn+1 of a sampling point Xn+1 that is next ahead the sampling point Xn. Step 407a extends a straight line A2 from the accumulated value a2 (=Sn-1) of the second peak p2 (=Xn-1) to the accumulated value Sn-2 of a sampling point Xn-2 in front of the sampling point Xn-1. If the step 405 determines that the first peak p1 is closer than the second peak p2, step 406b extends a straight line from the accumulated value al of the first peak p1 to the accumulated value of a sampling point in front of the first peak p1, and step 407b extends a straight line from the accumulated value a2 of the second peak p2 to the accumulated value of a sampling point behind the second peak p2. Step 408 finds an intersection "a" of the two straight lines A1 and A2 as an accumulated peak value, and a time p corresponding to the intersection as a time delay T between the timing of the transmitted pulse and the reception of a corresponding reflected pulse. In this way, the peak detector 15 approximates the waveform of the received reflected pulse Rf by tangents around a peak, estimates the peak from the intersection of the tangents, calculates a time delay T of the peak, and provides the decision unit 7 with the time delay T. The decision unit 7 calculates a distance corresponding to the time delay T and issues an alarm if necessary. If the temporal intervals .DELTA.t of the sampling points correspond to a distance of, for example, 10 m, step 409 calculates a distance L corresponding to the time delay T as L=10.times.T / .DELTA.t (m). The operation of the decision unit 7 may be any one of the preceding embodiments. The ninth embodiment may be employed to detect a relative speed. The approximation technique of the peak detector 15 of the ninth embodiment is not limited to the one mentioned above. Other approximation techniques such as a quadratic curve approximation involving time on an X-axis and cumulative data on a Y-axis may be employed. In this way, the peak detector 15 is capable of finding a peak of a received signal even if it is positioned between two sampling points. This embodiment improves distance measurement accuracy without dividing sampling points. FIG. 40 shows results of measurement carried out by the radar apparatus of the ninth embodiment with sampling points being set at intervals of 10 m and targets being placed at intervals of 2 m within 10 m between distances of 30 to 40 m. The targets are correctly measured without dividing the sampling intervals into small ones. In this way, the ninth embodiment of the present invention finds an approximate curve connecting sampling points whose accumulated values exceed each a threshold, estimates a peak on the approximate curve, obtains a delay time from the timing of signal transmission to the peak, and calculates a distance corresponding to the delay time. This embodiment is capable of precisely measuring the distance to a target even if the target is present between adjacent sampling points. Namely, this embodiment is capable of accurately measuring the distance to a target even with rough sampling points. A radar apparatus according to the 10th embodiment of the present invention will be explained with reference to FIGS. 41 to 47. This embodiment is characterized by a sensitivity regulator 16. The sensitivity regulator 16 decreases the sensitivity of the radar apparatus if a normalized value of one sampling point stored in an operational storage unit 6 is above an upper limit, and increases the sensitivity if none of normalized values of sampling points is above a lower limit. The other parts of this embodiment are the same as those of the radar apparatus of FIG. 1 and are represented with like reference marks. FIG. 42 shows the details of the 10th embodiment. Compared with the radar apparatuses of FIGS. 2 and 16, the radar apparatus of the 10th embodiment has additional elements. A radar head 5 of the 10th embodiment has a pulsesignal transmitter 5a, which consists of a driver 5a-1 provided with an additional output control circuit 5a-4 for variably controlling a pulsesignal to be transmitted. A signal receiver 5b consists of a limiter amplifier 5b-3 provided with an additional gain control circuit 5b-5 for providing a variable gain control function, i.e., an AGC function. An output/gain adjustment circuit 17 is a microcomputer and serves as the sensitivity regulator 16 of FIG. 41. The adjustment circuit 1V may be a discrete circuit, or a software program executed by the computer that forms a decision circuit V. The output control circuit 5a-4 for automatically controlling a transmission pulse may be a potentiometer, which automatically adjusts, in response to an external signal, an output resistor of the driver 5a-1, to thereby adjust a current or a voltage applied to a light emitting element 5a-2 such as a laser diode. The gain control circuit 5b-5 for automatically adjusting the gain of the limiter amplifier 5b-3 may be a standard AGC circuit. An operation of the radar apparatus of the 10th embodiment will be explained. A sampler accumulator 6b of an operational storage unit 6 stores accumulated values of sampling points. The output/gain adjustment circuit 17 checks, after the completion of each distance measurement operation, each normalized value obtained by dividing the accumulated value of each sampling point by the number of cumulative operations. If any one of the normalized values is above an upper limit A, the adjustment circuit 17 provides an instruction to lower the output power of a transmission signal and/or suppress the gain of a received signal. On the other hand, if each of the normalized values is blow a lower limit B, the adjustment circuit 17 provides an instruction to increase the output power of a transmission signal and/or increase the gain of a received signal. The lower limit B is usually a threshold TH. Upon receiving the instruction to increase or decrease the output power of a transmission signal, the output control circuit 5a-4 increases or decreases the power of the driver 5a-1 step by step at a predetermined pitch, to strengthen or weaken a transmission pulsestep by step. Upon receiving the instruction to increase or decrease the gain of a received signal, the gain control circuit 5b-5 increases or decreases the gain of the limiter amplifier 5b-3 step by step at a predetermined pitch, to increase or decrease the strength of a received signal step by step. After the completion of a distance measuring operation carried out after the output and/or gain adjustment, normalized values are again checked. If any one of them is still above the upper limit A, the output and/or gain decreasing operation is repeated. On the other hand, if all of the normalized values are still below the lower limit B, the output and/or gain increasing operation is repeated. As a result, normalized values of the sampling points for detecting a reflected pulse are put between the upper and lower limits A and B. The steps of automatically adjusting the sensitivity of the radar apparatus by adjusting an output and/or a gain will be explained with reference to the flowchart of FIG. 43. Step 420 sets a maximum gain and a maximum output to prevent excessive gain and output. Step 421 and the following steps are repeated whenever a distance measuring operation is carried out. The steps 421 and 422 carry out a distance measuring operation. In step 423, the output/gain adjustment circuit 17 scans accumulated values of sampling points stored in the sampler accumulator 6b and determines whether or not any one of normalized values of the accumulated values is above the upper limit A. If there are sampling points such as Xi+1 and Xi+2 of FIG. 44 whose normalized values are each above the upper limit A, it is determined that the distance measuring sensitivity of the radar apparatus is too high. Accordingly, the adjustment circuit 17 provides output and/or gain reduction instructions to decrease the output power of a transmission pulse and/or the gain of a received signal by one step in step 424. Then, the next distance measuring operation is carried out. If the step 423 determines that there is no normalized value above the upper limit A, step 425 checks to see whether or not there is any sampling point whose normalized value is above the lower limit B. If there is no normalized value that exceeds the lower limit B as shown in FIG. 45, it is determined that the sensitivity of the radar apparatus is too weak. In FIG. 45, the lower limit B is equal to a threshold TH. The adjustment circuit 17 provides output and/or gain increase instructions to increase the output power of a transmission pulse and/or the gain of a received signal by one step in step 426. Then, the next distance measuring operation is carried out. The steps 421 to 426 are repeated until the normalized values of all of the sampling points are below the upper limit A and any one of them is above the lower limit B. These steps automatically optimize the distance measurement sensitivity of the radar apparatus. Once the sensitivity is automatically adjusted in this way, the decision circuit 7 carries out an original distance calculation process in step 427. Automatically adjusting the sensitivity of the radar apparatus enables the radar apparatus to measure the distance to a far target as well as the distance to a near target. If the output power of a transmission signal and the gain of a received signal are fixed to large values to measure a far target, normalized values of the sampling points Xi+1 and Xi+2 of FIG. 44 will reach a saturation value S above the upper limit A when measuring the distance to a near target. Then, it will be impossible to correctly measure the distance to the near target. On the other hand, if the output power of a transmission signal and the gain of a received signal are fixed to small values to measure a near target, normalized values of the sampling points XJ+1 and XJ+2 of FIG. 45 are below the threshold TH when measuring a far target. In this case, the distance to the far target will not be measured even if a reflected pulse from the target is detected. The sensitivity adjustment mentioned above solves these problems, and the radar apparatus may receive a reflected pulse from a target at optimum reception strength and correctly measures the distance to the target without regard to the length of the distance. This results in improving the reliability of a distance measuring operation. The automatic sensitivity adjustment is not limited to that mentioned above. For example, the sensitivity adjustment may be carried out by adjusting the gain of a received signal at first, and if it is insufficient, the output power of a transmission signal will be adjusted. Alternatively, the sensitivity adjustment may be carried out by adjusting the output power of a transmission signal at first, and if it is insufficient, the gain of a received signal will be adjusted. To simplify a circuit structure, the sensitivity adjustment may be carried out only by adjusting the gain of a received signal, or only by adjusting the strength of a transmission signal. FIG. 46 shows a modification of the 10th embodiment. This modification adds the sensitivity regulator 16 of the 10th embodiment to the radar apparatus having the peak detector 15 of the ninth embodiment of FIG. 36. If there is no sensitivity regulator 16 as shown in FIG. 47A, the peak detector 15 may detect a peak p that deviates from an actual peak r on a received signal, if the normalized value of a sampling point Xi reaches a saturation value S. If the sensitivity regulator 16 is provided as shown in FIG. 47B, the automatic sensitivity adjustment may put the normalized value of every sampling point below the upper limit A, to correctly detect a peak p. This modification improves distance measuring accuracy. In this way, the radar apparatus of the 10th embodiment decreases the sensitivity thereof if the accumulated value of any one of sampling points is above an upper limit, and increases the sensitivity if the accumulated value of none of the sampling points is above a lower limit, to thereby always maintain each accumulated value at a proper level, correctly detect the presence of a target, and accurately calculate the distance to the target. The sensitivity regulator of the 10th embodiment adjusts the strength of a transmission pulse and/or the amplification gain of a received signal, to always maintain an accumulated value at a proper level, to thereby correctly detect the presence of a target and accurately calculate the distance to the target. A radar apparatus according to the 11th embodiment of the present invention will be explained with reference to FIGS. 48 to 54. This embodiment is characterized by a sensitivity regulator 18. If any one of the normalized values of sampling points stored in an operational storage unit 6 is above an upper limit that is set in advance, the sensitivity regulator 18 reduces the number of cumulative operations carried out by the operational storage unit 6. If none of the normalized values is above a lower limit that is set in advance, the sensitivity regulator 18 increases the number of cumulative operations carried out by the operational storage unit 6. In this way, the sensitivity regulator 18 automatically sets the number of cumulative operations to a required minimum, to complete a distance measuring operation within a shortest time with a sufficient S/N ratio. The other parts of this embodiment are the same as those of the radar apparatus of FIG. 1 and are represented with like reference marks. FIG. 49 shows the details of the 11th embodiment. In addition to the radar apparatus of FIGS. 2 and 31, the 11th embodiment of FIG. 49 has a circuit 19 for adjusting the number of cumulative operations. The circuit 19 corresponds to the sensitivity regulator 18 of FIG. 48 and is a microcomputer. The circuit 19 may be realized by a software program executed by a computer that forms a decision circuit 7. An operation of the adjustment circuit 19 will be explained. A sampler accumulator 6b of the operational storage unit 6 stores accumulated values of respective sampling points. Each of the accumulated values is divided by the number of cumulative operations, to provide a normalized value. The adjustment circuit 19 checks each normalized value whenever a distance measuring operation is completed. If any one of the normalized values of the sampling points is above a predetermined upper limit A1 (FIG. 51), the adjustment circuit 19 issues an instruction to decrease the number Na of cumulative operations to be carried out in each distance measuring operation. The number of cumulative operations is 8192 in the preceding embodiments. On the other hand, if all of the normalized values are below a lower limit B1 (FIG. 51), the adjustment circuit 19 issues an instruction to increase the number of cumulative operations to be carried out in each distance measuring operation. The decrease or increase instruction issued by the adjustment circuit 19 is supplied to a sampling pulse generator 8d of a controller 8. Then, the sampling pulse generator 8d hastens or delays the timing of providing an end pulse by one step. Namely, the sampling pulse generator 8d counts the number of trigger signals provided by a trigger generator 8c, and when the count (equal to the number of cumulative operations) reaches a set value, provides the end pulse. In this way, the number of cumulative operations carried out by the sampler accumulator 6b is decreased or increased. Namely, the accumulated value of each sampling point for detecting a reflected pulsestored in the sampler accumulator 6b is reduced or increased according to the number of cumulative operations. After the completion of a distance measurement operation carried out after the adjustment of the number of cumulative operations, the adjustment of reducing the number of cumulative operations is again carried out if any one of the normalized values is over the upper limit A1, and the adjustment of increasing the number of cumulative operations is repeated if all of the normalized values are below the lower limit B1. In this way, the 11th embodiment detects a target and calculates the distance to the target with a required minimum of cumulative operations with a sufficient S/N ratio. When there is a target close to the radar apparatus, the S/N ratio is originally large and it is required to quickly detect the target. The 11th embodiment is capable of measuring the distance to a target with a minimum number of cumulative operations, to realize a high-speed operation in particular when the target is close to the radar apparatus. The steps of automatically adjusting the number of cumulative operations will be explained with reference to the flowchart of FIG. 50. Step 430 sets the number Na of cumulative operations to, for example, 8192. Namely, as in the preceding embodiments, the range of 0 to 130 m is sampled at 14 sampling points at intervals of 10 m. A period of a transmission pulse is 4 .mu.s, and a sampling pulse interval .DELTA.t is 66.7 ns. Steps 431 and 432 carry out a distance measuring operation. The circuit 19 for adjusting the number of cumulative operations scans accumulated values of the sampling points stored in the sampler accumulator 6b and checks to see if any one of the normalized values of the accumulated values is above the upper limit A1 in step 488. If the normalized values of, for example, sampling points Xi+1 and Xi+2 are above the upper limit A1 as shown in FIG. 51, the adjustment circuit 19 instructs, in step 434, the sampling pulse generator 8d to hasten the output timing of an end pulse by one step, to reduce the number of cumulative operations to be carried out by the sampler accumulator 6b. Then, the next distance measuring operation is carried out. If the step 433 determines that there is no normalized value exceeding the upper limit A1, step 435 checks to see if there is a sampling point whose normalized value is greater than the lower limit B1. If there is no normalized value that exceeds the lower limit B1 as shown in FIG. 52, the adjustment circuit 19 instructs, in step 436, the sampling pulse generator 8d to delay the output timing of an end pulse by one step, to increase the number of cumulative operations to be carried out by the sampler accumulator 6b. Then, the next distance measuring operation is carried out. These steps 431 to 436 are repeated until normalized values of all the sampling points are below the upper limit A1 and at least one of them is above the lower limit B1. In this way, this embodiment automatically adjusts the number of cumulative operations to a required minimum to detect a target and measure the distance to the target with a sufficient S/N ratio. Once the sensitivity of the radar apparatus is automatically adjusted through the above steps, a decision circuit 7 carries out an original distance measuring process in step 437. In this way, this embodiment automatically adjusts the number of cumulative operations to detect a target and calculate the distance to the target with a required minimum number of cumulative operations and a sufficient S/N ratio. A target close to the radar apparatus provides a large S/N ratio. Accordingly, it is required to speedily measure the distance to the close target. This embodiment is capable of speedily measuring the distance to the close target with a small number of cumulative operations. FIG. 53 shows a modification of the 11th embodiment. This modification adds the sensitivity regulator 18 mentioned above to the radar apparatus having the peak detector 15 of the ninth embodiment of FIG. 36. As shown in FIG. 54, this modification automatically optimizes the number of cumulative operations at first and then measures the distance to a target. In this case, the peak detector 15 can correctly quickly detect a peak p. The 10th and 11th embodiments may be combined together to provide a radar apparatus having the functions of automatically adjusting the output power of a transmission signal, the gain of a received signal, and the number of cumulative operations. An operation of this combination will be explained. Sampling and accumulating operations are carried out 1024 times. If there is any sampling point whose accumulated value is above the upper limit A or A1, the gain of the receiver is decreased and/or the output power of the transmitter is decreased. If there is no sampling point whose accumulated value is above the lower limit after the 1024 sampling and accumulating operations, the gain of the receiver is increased and/or the output power of the transmitter is increased. As a result, an optimum S/N ratio is obtained. When the accumulated values fall between the upper and lower limits, the number of cumulative operations is set to 8192, to always obtain accumulated values with less fluctuations. Thereafter, a normal operation of detecting a reflected signal is carried out. The number of cumulative operations may be 7168 (=8192-1024). In this way, the gain and/or output adjustment is carried out at first with a small number of cumulative operations (quite smaller than a usual number of 8192), to speedily optimize the output power of the transmitter and the gain of the receiver, quickly detect a target, and correctly calculate the distance to the target. As explained above, this example carries out 1024 sampling and accumulating operations at first. If any one of the accumulated values at sampling points is above the upper limit, the gain of the receiver is decreased and/or the output of the transmitter is decreased. If the accumulated value of every sampling point is below the upper limit, the number of cumulative operations is directly set to 8192, to accumulate values with less fluctuations. Thereafter, a normal operation of detecting a reflected signal is carried out. The number of cumulative operations may be 7168 (=8192-1024). This example firstly adjusts the gain and output power with a mall number of cumulative operations (quite smaller than a usual number of 8192), to speedily optimize the gain and output power. As a result, this example shortens a time for correctly detecting a reflected signal and measuring the distance to a target. In this way, the radar apparatus of the 11th embodiment employs the circuit for adjusting the number of cumulative operations as the sensitivity regulator, to automatically set the number of cumulative operations to be carried out by the sampler accumulator to a required minimum, to detect a reflected signal with a sufficient S/N ratio. This embodiment is capable of speedily detecting a target and measuring the distance to the target. A radar apparatus according to the 12th embodiment of the present invention will be explained with reference to FIGS. 55 to 59. Compared with the radar apparatuses of the first to 11th embodiments, the radar apparatus of the 12th embodiment employs a different operational storage unit 6. According to the first to 11th embodiments shown in, for example, FIGS. 1 and 16, the operational storage unit 6 samples a binary signal from the radar head 5 at, for example, 14 sampling points, accumulates sampled values predetermined times, compares the normalized value of each accumulated value with a threshold, finds a sampling point whose normalized value is above the threshold, calculates a time delay Td corresponding to the found sampling point, and measures the distance to a target according to the time delay Td. On the other hand, the radar apparatus of the 12th embodiment of FIG. 55 employs a radar head 21 that provides a binary signal 213 to an integration circuit 22. The integration circuit 22 integrates the binary signal "m" times for each of "n" range blocks. These range blocks correspond to the sampling points of the first to 11th embodiments. Each of the range blocks is a sampling period corresponding to a sampling pulse interval .DELTA.t. An arithmetic unit 23 compares a normalized value of each integrated value with a threshold. If there is any range block (sampling period) whose normalized value is above the threshold, the arithmetic unit 23 calculates, according to a time delay of the range block, the distance to a target. The structure of the radar apparatus of the 12th embodiment will be explained. The radar head 21 transmits a pulsesignal 211 toward an external target several times at predetermined intervals, receives a signal 212 containing a reflected pulse from the target, and amplifies and converts the received signal into a binary signal 213, which is transferred to the integration circuit 22. The integration circuit 22 integrates the binary signal m times in each range block. The arithmetic unit 23 compares an integrated value 214 of each range block with a threshold. If there is a range block whose integrated value is above the threshold, the arithmetic unit 23 calculates a distance corresponding to the range block and provides distance data 215. The distance data 215 indicates the presence of a target and the distance to the target. A control circuit 24 controls the circuits 21 to 23 and provides control signals such as a trigger signal 216, input timing signal 217, and output timing signal 218. The radar head 21 has substantially the same structure as that of the first embodiment of FIG. 2. The radar head 21 receives a predetermined number of trigger signals 216 at predetermined intervals from the control circuit 24. In response to each trigger signal 216, a transmitter 21a transmits a pulsesignal 211 that may be an optical signal, an ultrasonic wave signal, or an electromagnetic wave signal. A receiver 22b receives an external signal 212 of the same kind as the transmitted pulsesignal 211. A limiter amplifier (AMP) 21c provides a high gain to limit the received signal 219 containing noise. A zero-cross comparator (CMP) 21d determines whether or not an instantaneous value of the amplified signal from the amplifier 21c is greater than a reference value of, for example, 0 V and provides a binary signal. The comparator 21d serves as a binary circuit. The comparator 21d provides the integration circuit 22 with the binary signal 213. FIG. 56 shows the structure of the integration circuit 22. The binary signal 231 is divided into "n" range blocks (sampling periods) each having a temporal width of .DELTA.t. The integration circuit 22 integrates each of the range blocks m times. For this purpose, the integration circuit 22 has "n" analog input switches 22a-1 to 22a-n, "n" RC integrators 22b-1 to 22b-n for integrating the binary signal 213 that is provided during ON time of the corresponding input switches 22a-1 to 22a-n, and "n" analog output switches 22c-1 to 22c-n for passing the integrated values of the integrators 22b-1 to 22b-n, respectively. The input switches 22a-1 to 22a-n are turned ON and OFF in response to the input timing signal 217 from the control circuit 24. The output switches 22c-1 to 22c-n are turned ON and OFF in response to the output timing signal 218 from the control circuit 24. FIG. 57 shows the control circuit 24. The control circuit 24 has a clock transmitter 24a, a start pulse generator 8b, a trigger generator 8c, and a sampling pulse generator 8d. These elements are the same as those of the control circuit 8 of FIG. 2. The control circuit 24 additionally has an n-bit shift register 24e for providing the input timing signal 217 in response to the sampling pulsesignal from the sampling pulse generator 8d and the trigger signal from the trigger generator 8c, and an n-bit shift register 24f for providing the output timing signal 218 in response to the end pulsesignal 220 from the start pulse generator 8b and the sampling pulsesignal 221 from the sampling pulse generator 8d. An operation of the radar apparatus of the 12th embodiment will be explained. The arithmetic unit 23 issues a start instruction to the control circuit 24. The start pulse generator 8b provides the trigger generator 8c with a start pulse. The trigger generator 8c generates trigger signals 216 m times (for example, m=8192) at intervals of, for example, 4 .mu.s. The trigger signals 216 are supplied to the transmitter 21a of the radar head 21. In response to each of the trigger signals 216, the transmitter transmits a pulsesignal 211 as shown in FIG. 59. At the same time, the receiver 21b continuously receives an external signal 212 that resembles the transmitted signal 211. The received signal 219 containing noise is supplied to the limiter amplifier 21c, which amplifies the signal. The amplified signal is converted by the zero-cross comparator 21d into a binary signal 213. The zero-cross comparator 21d determines whether or not an instantaneous value of the received signal 219 is greater than a reference value of, for example, 0 V. If it is smaller than the reference value, the comparator 21d provides 0 V (="0") as the binary signal 213, and if it is greater than the reference value, 5 V (="1") as the binary signal 213. If the received signal 212 contains only noise, the probabilities of 0 and 1 of the signal are each 0.5 The probability of greater than the reference value is between 0.5 and 1 depending on the S/N ratio of the signal. The probability of greater than the reference value and the S/N ratio correspond to each other at the ratio of 1:1. The sampling pulse generator 8d of the control circuit 24 generates n (for example, 14) sampling pulses at intervals of .DELTA.t (for example, 66.7 ns) in response to each trigger pulse generated by the trigger generator 8c. In response to each of the sampling pulses, the n-bit shift register 24e sequentially shifts a high level among output terminals Q1 to Qn and sends the input timing signal 217 to the integration circuit 22. In FIG. 58, one of the analog input switches 22a-1 to 22a-n of the integration circuit 22 is turned ON when a corresponding one of the bits of the input timing signal 217 is high. When the corresponding bit drops to low, the switch in question is turned OFF. While one of the switches 22a-1 to 22a-n is ON, the binary signal 213 is supplied to a corresponding one of the integrators 22b-1 to 22b-n that corresponds to one of the range blocks. The integrator is charged through a capacitor, to integrate the binary signal 213 for the sampling period .DELTA.t. In this way, the input analog switches 22a-1 to 22a-n are successively turned ON and OFF one by one. After one integration operation is complete, the next integration operation is carried out in response to a trigger signal. The integration operation is repeated m times in response to m trigger signals. The sampling pulse generator 8d counts the trigger signals. Once m trigger signals have been counted, the end pulse 220 is supplied to the n-bit shift register 24f for controlling output timing. The shift register 24f receives sampling pulses at intervals of .DELTA.t from the sampling pulse generator 8d and sequentially shifts a high level among output terminals Q1 to Qn, to provide the integration circuit 22 with the output timing signal 218. One of the analog output switches 22c-1 to 22c-n of the integration circuit 22 corresponding to a high-level bit of the output timing signal 218 is turned ON. When the bit drops to low, the switch in question is turned OFF. While the switch is ON, the switch provides the arithmetic circuit 23 with the integrated value 214 of the integrator connected to the switch. This process is repeated. After receiving n integrated values from the integrators, the arithmetic unit 23 normalizes the integrated values according to the saturation voltage of the integrators of, for example, 5 V representing "1," and checks to see whether or not there is a range block whose normalized value is above a threshold TH. If the received signal contains only noise, the normalized value thereof will be 0.5, and if it contains a reflected pulse from a target, the normalized value will be between 0.5 and 1 depending on the S/N ratio of the received signal. In FIG. 59, the range block whose normalized value exceeds the threshold is, for example, #i. In FIG. 59, a normalized value is plotted at the center of each range block. This is only for the sake of easy understanding of the relationship between the range block and the normalized value. Namely, each plotted point does not necessarily indicate the normalized value at the center of the range block. The range block #1 indicates a sampling period corresponding to a 0-meter position, range block #2 corresponds to a 10-meter position, range block #3 corresponds to a 20-meter position, and range block #i corresponds to a (i-1)-meter position. This is applicable to all timing charts following FIG. 59. Since the normalized value of the range block #i is above the threshold TH, a time delay .tau. between the timing of a transmitted pulse and a target detected in the range block #i is calculated as .tau.=.DELTA.t.times.i. When each range block corresponds to 10 meters, the distance to the target is calculated by multiplying i by 10 meters. In this way, the arithmetic unit 23 provides distance data 215. According to the 12th embodiment, the transmitter 21a repeatedly transmits the pulsesignal 211, and the receiver 21b continuously receives the external signal 212 containing a reflected pulse from a target. The integration circuit 22 repeatedly integrates the received signal 212 in each sampling period. The arithmetic unit 23 normalizes the integrated value of each range block, i.e., each sampling period. Each normalized value is compared with the threshold TH to discriminate the reflected pulse from noise. If there is any range block whose integrated value is above a noise level, a distance corresponding to the range block is calculated as the distance to the target. Even if the received signal contains high-level noise, integration is repeated to improve the S/N ratio of the received signal that contains the reflected pulse. Accordingly, this embodiment is capable of correctly detecting a target and calculating the distance to the target. In this way, the radar apparatus of the 12th embodiment extracts a sampling period that involves an integrated value greater than a predetermined threshold, calculates a distance corresponding to this sampling period, and automatically correctly finds the distance to a target. A radar apparatus according to the 13th embodiment of the present invention will be explained with reference to FIG. 60 as well as FIGS. 17 to 21 for the second embodiment. In FIG. 60, a radar head 21, an integration circuit 22, an arithmetic unit 23, and a control circuit 24 are the same as those of the 12th embodiment and are not explained again. An interference detector 25 has a first interference detector 25A and a second interference detector 25B. The first interference detector 25A has a relative speed calculator 25a for calculating the relative speed of a target according to an elapsed time that is used to detect a reflected pulse, and a detector 25b for detecting an abnormal relative speed according to a result of the calculation of the relative speed calculator 25a. The second interference detector 25B has an offset detector 25c for detecting an offset in an integrated value provided by the integration circuit 22 and determining whether or not there is an interference wave. An operation of the 13th embodiment will be explained with reference to FIGS. 17 to 21. Memories M1 to M14 (=Mn) store normalized values of integrated values provided by the integration circuit 22 and arithmetic unit 23. A pulsesignal (2) of FIG. 17 is transmitted from a transmitter 21a. A receiver 22b continuously receives a signal (3). The pulsesignal (2) is reflected by a target and received by the receiver 21b, and therefore, a reflected pulse Rf with noise will be detected in the received signal (3). The transmission of the pulsesignal (2) and the reception of the signal (3) are carried out in response to sampling pulses. An interval .DELTA.t between adjacent sampling pulses (4) is, for example, 66.7 ns corresponding to a distance of 10 m. Fourteen sampling periods are adopted to measure the range of 0 to 130 m at intervals of 10 m. The memories M1 to M14 store integrated values (accumulated values in FIGS. 17 to 21) (5) of range blocks corresponding to the sampling periods, respectively. If any one of the integrated values (5) exceeds a threshold TH, it is determined that the reflected pulse has been detected. If none of the integrated values (5) is above the threshold TH, it is determined that the received signal is a noise signal. In FIG. 17, integrated values stored in the memories M8 and M9 among are each above the threshold TH, to indicate the presence of the reflected pulse Rf. In this case, a distance corresponding to the range block #8 corresponding to the memory M8 that is closer to the radar apparatus than the memory M9 is selected to calculate the distance to the target. Namely, the distance is 70 m in this example. A technique of calculating a relative speed will be explained. For the received signal (3), the reflected pulse Rf has been detected in the memories M8 and M9. The reflected pulse Rf is detected in the closer memory M8 at time t1. When the target is a car that is approaching the radar apparatus, the distance to the car gradually shortens. In this case, the reflected pulse Rf moves in the direction of an arrow mark a. Accordingly, the reflected pulse Rf is detected in the memories M8 and M9 at the measuring time t1. Thereafter, the reflected pulse Rf is detected in the memories M7 and M8 at measuring time t2. The time difference between the time points t1 and t2 corresponds to a time in which the reflected pulse Rf is shifted by the period .DELTA.t of one range block. In the example, .DELTA.t is equal to a distance of 10 m. Accordingly, the relative approaching speed of the car is 10/ (t2-t1) m/s. If the car is separating from the radar apparatus, the reflected pulse Rf moves in the direction of an arrow mark b. Accordingly, the integrated value in the memory M8 drops below the threshold TH at time t3. Namely, the reflected pulse Rf disappears from the memory M8. Thereafter, the integrated value in the memory M9 drops below the threshold TH at time t4 to indicate that the reflected pulse Rf has disappeared. The time difference between the time points t4 and t3 corresponds to a time in which the reflected pulse Rf is shifted by one range block corresponding to a distance of 10 m. Accordingly, the relative separating speed of the car is 10/(t4-t3) m/s. If the radar apparatus is approaching or separating from a stationary target at a speed of 100 km/h, the relative speed is about 28 m/s. Then, a time for moving a distance of 10 m is 10/28 =0.36 s (=360 ms). At this time, a time necessary for detecting the reflected pulse Rf is 32 ms with 8192 integral operations, which is less than 1/10 of the shift time. Accordingly, the detection time causes an error of about .+-.1 m/s in the relative speed. If the relative speed is less than 28 m/s, the shift time for 10 m is larger than 0.36 s, to further decrease the error. The steps of calculating a relative speed will be explained in detail with reference to the flowchart of FIG. 18. Step 171 checks integrated values in the memories M1 to Mn from the nearest one thereof, to see whether or not a reflected pulse Rf is detectable therein. If YES, step 172 sets the memory in question as Mn and stores time t1 when the reflected pulse Rf has been detected. Step 173 determines whether or not the reflected pulse Rf is detectable in a memory Mn-1 in front of the memory Mn. If YES, step 174 finds time t2 when the reflected pulse Rf has been detected, and calculates an approaching speed Vr1 as 10/(t2-t1). Step 175 provides the approaching speed Vr1. If the step 173 determines that the reflected pulse is not detectable in the memory Mn-1, step 176 checks to see whether or not the reflected pulse is still detectable in the memory Mn. If YES, the step 173 is repeated, and if NO, step 177 stores time t3 when the reflected pulse has disappeared. Step 178 checks to see if the reflected pulse Rf is detectable in a memory Mn+1. If YES, the step 173 is repeated, and if NO, step 179 finds time t4 when the reflected pulse Rf has disappeared, and calculates a relative separating speed Vr2 as 10/(t4-t3). Step 180 provides the relative separating speed Vr2. In this way, the appearance and disappearance of a reflected pulse are detected at the nearest sampling point. This may require a transmitted pulse to sharply rise. It is not required, however, to shorten the width of the pulse. On the contrary, it is preferable to extend the pulse width longer than the temporal length of each range block (sampling period) .DELTA.t. The probability of noise of exceeding the threshold TH is not always zero, and if it exceeds the threshold TH, it will cause erroneous detection. To prevent this, it is preferable to always confirm that a reflected pulse is simultaneously detected in at least two (including consecutive two) range blocks. This results in reducing the erroneous detection due to noise. This is equivalent to further integrating an integrated value. Employing two integrated values is equal to obtaining a margin of 3 dB in the S/N ratio if the threshold is unchanged. If the same probability of erroneous detection as that achieved by detecting a reflected pulse in one range block is allowed, the 13th embodiment is capable of lowering the detection threshold and improving the detection sensitivity by 3 dB. Operations of the detector 25b for detecting an abnormal relative speed and the offset detector 25c for detecting an offset in an integrated value and determining whether or not there is an interference wave will be explained. An interference between like pulsesignals transmitted from opposing cars will be explained. For example, a car equipped with the radar apparatus of the present invention is stopping, and an opposite car is also stopping. The opposite car is equipped with a like radar apparatus. The car in question will receive a pulsesignal from the opposite car. In this case, the radar apparatus of the car in question will detect the opposite car, if the radar apparatuses of both the cars employ a reference clock signal of exactly the same frequency and if a pulsesignal from the opposite car reaches the car in question within a period set for distance measurement. The reference clock signal, however, is usually generated by a crystal oscillator having a frequency error. This frequency error causes a synchronization error in pulsesignals, thereby influencing measurement and integrated values of the radar apparatus. When the frequency error is smaller than 2.times.10.sup.-7 (FIG. 19), it corresponds to a relative speed of 2.times.10.sup.-7 .times.3.times.10.sup.8 (where 3.times.10.sup.8 is the velocity of light). Accordingly, the frequency error may be erroneously detected as if the opposite car is moving at a speed of 60 m/s (216 Km/h). In this case, it is impossible to determine whether it is an error due to an interference with the pulsesignal transmitted from the opposite car or the opposite car is actually moving at the detected speed. If this radar apparatus serves for a collision alarm system, it will provide a wrong alarm. If the frequency error is greater than 2.times.10.sup.-7 and smaller than 4.16.times.10.sup.-6, it will be erroneously detected as if the opposite car is moving at a relative speed of 60 m/s (216 Km/h) or over. This speed is abnormal as the speed of a standard car, so that it is determined to be an error caused by interference. It is possible in this case to identify erroneous detection caused by interference by monitoring a relative speed. Namely, the detector 25b provides an abnormality output if a relative speed calculated by the relative speed calculator 25a is greater than 60 m/s. If the frequency error is above 4.16.times.10.sup.-6 and below the ratio of sampling interval to distance measuring period (in the above case, 4 .mu.s to 32 ms=1.25.times.10.sup.-4 or below) as shown in FIG. 20, an interference wave moves for 4.16.times.10.sup.-6 .times.0.032 =133 ns or more within one distance measuring time of 32 ms. Accordingly, if the appearance and disappearance of a reflected pulse are monitored at the nearest range block as in the above case, it will be impossible to calculate a relative speed. Accordingly, the alarming logic employing two parameters, i.e., a distance and a relative speed will issue no wrong alarm. A received pulse is observed over three range blocks or more each having a width of 66.7 ns. When the frequency error further increases, the influence of an interference wave spreads over all range blocks. If the frequency error reaches the ratio of sampling interval to distance measuring period of 1.25.times.10.sup.-4 and if the interference wave is synchronous at the start of integration operations, the interference wave moves for 1.25.times.10.sup.-4 .times.0.032 =4 .mu.s, which is equal to the integration repetition frequency or sampling interval, after 32 ms in which 8192 integral operations are carried out. Accordingly, the interference is always observed in every range block at a time ratio of 133 ns /4 ms=3.33% with respect to a pulse width of 133 ns. If the S/N ratio of the interference wave is sufficiently high, an offset of 8192.times.0.0333=273 will be caused by the interference wave after 8192 integral operations. A threshold for detecting a pulse in the 8192 integral operations is about 0.5 (an average of noise) plus 0.02 in terms of a normalized value. Accordingly, the offset is greater than the threshold portion, i.e., 8192.times.0.02=163. It is possible, therefore, to identify the interference wave by checking to see if a uniform offset is occurring in every range block. When the frequency error is below 1.25.times.10.sup.-4, it is impossible to correctly identify the interference wave from an offset in integrated values because the offset of this is irregular and because pulses will be observed in more than three range blocks if there are a plurality of targets. If the frequency error is greater than the ratio of sampling interval to distance measuring period (=1.25.times.10.sup.-4) (FIG. 21), a uniform offset will be always observed in integrated data. In this case, the interference wave is identifiable according to an output from the offset detector 25c. If an integrated value representing a reflected pulse from a genuine target is greater than the offset, the target is detectable. Accordingly, the distance to the target is correctly measurable even with the interference wave. As explained above, an interference wave is detectable and removable by monitoring a relative speed and an offset in integrated data and by removing the offset. The frequency error must be greater than 2.times.10.sup.-7 to detect the interference wave according to a relative speed and prevent a wrong alarm. Detecting an offset is dependent on the frequency error. To surely detect an interference wave, the frequency error must be greater than the ratio of sampling interval to distance measuring period (=1.25.times.10.sup.-4). This frequency error spreads the influence of an interference wave over all range blocks, to enable the detection of the interference wave as well as a target. Namely, a reflected pulse greater than the offset is detectable. When the offset is 0.0333, a threshold is calculated as 0.5533 by adding the offset to an average noise of 0.5 plus a threshold portion of 0.02. This enables the radar apparatus to detect a signal of up to -17 dB. This corresponds to a sensitivity loss of 3 dB compared with a signal detection level of -20 dB with no interference. Due to the sensitivity loss of 3 dB, a measuring distance will be shortened to 0.91 times of the case without an interference wave, or 0.84 times of the same if the sensitivity loss is 6 dB. In this way, the influence of an interference wave is minimized. As explained above, a large interference wave is detectable and removable if a frequency error in a reference clock signal is set to spread the influence of the interference wave over all range blocks. The 13th embodiment detects an interference wave according to a relative speed and integrated values stored in memories and removes the adverse effect of the interference wave. The embodiment properly selects the frequency and frequency error of a clock signal, to minimize the influence of an interference wave such as erroneous detection. The embodiment realizes a reliable car distance alarm system and a collision alarm system. A 15-MHz reference clock frequency has a period of 66.7 ns that corresponds to a distance of 10 m in the radar apparatus. If a measurement error of 1%, i.e., one meter per 100 m is allowable, the frequency error will be 10.sup.-2 or below so that the frequency will be in the range of 14.85 to 15.15 MHz. To secure a frequency error of 1.25.times.10.sup.-4 or over, the frequency must be distributed such that a space of 300 KHz between 14.85 MHz and 15.15 MHz is filled with 160 pulses at intervals of 15.times.10.sup.6 .times.1.25.times.10.sup.-4 =1875 Hz. The reference clock frequency is not necessarily 15 MHz, and many other frequency distributions are possible. As explained above, the 13th embodiment finds a sampling period that involves an integrated value larger than a predetermined threshold, calculates a distance corresponding to the sampling period, and automatically correctly provides the distance to a target. This embodiment employs an interference detector for detecting an interference wave contained in a reflected signal received by a receiver, and an interference wave remover for removing the interference wave. Accordingly, this embodiment is capable of detecting an interference wave transmitted from a radar apparatus installed in an opposite car, and removing the influence of the interference wave from integrated results provided by an integration circuit. As a result, this embodiment correctly detects a target and calculates the distance to the target. A radar apparatus according to the 14th embodiment of he present invention will be explained with reference to FIGS. 61 to 63. The same parts as those of the 12th embodiment are represented with like reference marks. The 14th embodiment is characterized by a first integration circuit 22A and a second integration circuit 22B arranged side by side. The first integration circuit 22A has a plurality of integrators for successively integrating a binary signal 213 according to input timing signals 817 from a control circuit 824. The structure of the first integration circuit 22A is the same as that of the integration circuit 22 of the 12th embodiment of FIG. 56. The second integration circuit 22B has a plurality of integrators for successively integrating the binary signal 213 according to the input timing signals 817 from the control circuit 824 while a transmitter 21a is stopping. Namely, the second integration circuit 22B repeatedly integrates only noise. The internal structure of the second integration circuit 22B is the same as that of the first integration circuit 22A. Only difference between them is that they receive different input timing signals 817 from the control circuit 824. An arithmetic unit 823 fetches integrated values 214A from the integrators of the first integration circuit 22A in response to an instruction from the control circuit 824, normalizes each of the fetched values 214A, and stores the normalized values. The arithmetic unit 823 fetches integrated values 214B from the second integration circuits 22B in response to an instruction from the control circuit 824, normalizes each of the fetched values as noise levels of respective range blocks, and stores the normalizes values, i.e., noise levels. Thereafter, the arithmetic unit 823 compares the normalized values of the integrated values 214A with the noise levels one by one, detects a reflected pulse in a range block if the normalized value of the range block is above the noise level, and calculates the distance to a target. The control circuit 824 transmits a predetermined number of trigger signals to let the transmitter 21a emit pulses for a predetermined period, and stops the transmitter 21a for a predetermined period without sending the trigger signals. While the transmitter 21a is being driven, the control circuit 824 provides the first integration circuit 22A with the input timing signal 817 and output timing signal 818 in response to trigger signals. While the transmitter 21a is stopping, the control circuit 824 provides the second integration circuit 22B with the input timing signal 817 and output timing signal 818. The control circuit 824 instructs the arithmetic circuit 823 to calculate noise levels and detect a reflected pulse. To achieve these functions, the 13th embodiment employs the shift registers 24e and 24f of FIG. 57 with the number of bits being 2n instead of n, the terminals Q1 to Qn being connected to the first integration circuit 22A, and the terminals Qn+1 to Q2n being connected to the second integration circuit 22B. An operation of the radar apparatus of the 14th embodiment will be explained with reference to FIGS. 62 to 64. Step 501 resets a counter (N=0). In step 502, the transmitter 21a transmits a pulsesignal (2), a receiver 21b receives a signal and provides a binary signal 219. In step 503, the first integration circuit 22A integrates the binary signal. At this time, the output of the terminals Q1 to Qn of the shift register 24e of the control circuit 824 serves as the input timing signal 817 for the first integration circuit 22A, so that the integrators 22b-1 to 22b-n sequentially carry out an integral operation once. Thereafter, the terminals Qn+1 to Q2n of the shift register 24e provide the second integration circuit 22B with the input timing signal 817. The integrators of the second integration circuit 22B sequentially integrate a binary signal representing noise in step 504. Step 505 increments the counter by one (N=N+1). Step 506 checks to see if the number of integral operations is equal to m, which is, for example, 8192. If the step 506 determines that it is equal to 8192, the terminals Q1 to Qn of the shift register 24f of the control circuit 824 provide the first integration circuit 22A with the output timing signal 818. As a result, the integrated values of the integrators 22b-1 to 22b-n are successively transferred to the arithmetic unit 823 and stored in memories M1 to Mn for range blocks, respectively, in step 507. Thereafter, the terminals Qn+1 to Q2n of the output shift register 24f provide the second integration circuit 22B with the output timing signal 818. The integrators of the second integration circuit 22B successively transfer integrated values representing noise levels to the arithmetic unit 823. These noise levels of the range blocks are stored in the memories M1 to Mn, respectively, in step 508. Step 509 sets these noise levels as thresholds TH. The received data and noise levels (TH) stored in the memories M1 to Mn are compared with each other in step 510. If there is a range block whose data is above the noise level, it is determined that the range block involves a reflected pulse in step 511. A distance corresponding to the range block is calculated as the distance to a target in step 512, and the distance is provided in step 513. If the step 510 determines that there is no range block whose data exceeds the corresponding noise level, step 514 determines that there is no obstacle. The 14th embodiment carries out the same distance measuring process as the third embodiment of FIG. 26. Namely, the 14th embodiment does not fix a threshold TH in advance to find a target in one range block. Instead, the 14th embodiment sets an individual noise level measured in advance for each range block as indicated with a curve CTH in FIG. 26. In this figure, it is known that the noise level N6 of the range block M6 is high, and therefore, the 14th embodiment does not determine the range block M6 contains a reflected pulse, to thereby avoid erroneous detection due to noise. The 14th embodiment measures a noise level Just after each distance measuring operation. It is possible to transmit "m" pulsesignals at first, to let the first integration circuit 22A work. Thereafter, the pulsesignals are stopped to let the second integration circuit 22B to integrate noise "m" times. Then, the integrated results are transferred to the arithmetic unit 823, which compares them with each other as shown in FIG. 26. In this case, the second Integration circuit 22B of the 14th embodiment may be omitted. The control circuit 824 alternately stops and runs the transmitter 21a and provides the first integration circuit 22A with the input timing signal 817 and output timing signal 818, so that the first integration circuit 22A alternately carries out the reflected pulse detection operation and the noise detection operation. As explained above, the radar apparatus of the 14th embodiment repeatedly integrates a binary signal and employs noise levels as thresholds, to detect a reflected pulse from a target in high S/N ratio even if the reflected pulse is weak, to thereby correctly detect the target. A radar apparatus according to the 15th embodiment of the present invention will be explained with reference to FIG. 64. The same parts as those of the 14th embodiment of FIG. 61 are represented with like reference marks. A control circuit 924 has a drive controller 30. The driver controller 30 counts the number of operations (for example, 8192) of a second integration circuit 22B to detect noise levels. When the number reaches the predetermined value, the drive controller 30 stops the detection of noise levels. In response to an instruction from an external control circuit 31, the driver controller 30 instructs the second integration circuit 22B to start detecting noise levels. The external control circuit 31 is the same as that of FIG. 27. In the external control circuit 31, a notify circuit 31-1 receives signals from sensors 31-2, 31-3, and 31-5, a time-up signal from a timer 31-6, and 0N switch signals from switches 31-4, 31-7, and 31-8. In response to any one of these signals, the notify circuit 31-1 provides the drive controller 30 with a notify signal to start a noise sampling operation. In response to this signal, the drive controller 30 provides the second integration circuit 22B with an input timing signal 917 to start a noise level integration, similar to the 14th embodiment. The notify circuit 31-1 may have a threshold to determine whether or not the sensors 31-2, 31-3, and 31-5 and the timer 31-6 are providing outputs, as well as a function of recognizing ON and OFF states of the switches 31-4, 31-7, and 31-8. These threshold and function may be provided for the sensors, timer, and switches. The operation of the 15th embodiment is the same as that explained with reference to the flowchart of FIG. 28 of the fifth embodiment. In this way, the 15th embodiment employs the external controller 31 for controlling the drive controller 30 that controls a noise sampling operation. The external control circuit 31 includes the illuminance sensor 31-2, temperature sensor 31-3, wiper switch 31-4, rain drop sensor 31-5, timer 31-6, ignition switch 31-7, and manual switch 31-8. Noise levels are affected by sunlight, temperatures, rain, engine conditions, alternator operation, power source voltage, etc. Whenever these conditions change, noise levels used to detect a reflected pulse from a target are measured to change thresholds TH. Accordingly, the 15th embodiment is capable of always correctly detecting a reflected pulse from a target and measuring the distance to and relative speed of the target. In this way, the radar apparatus of the 15th embodiment detects a reflected signal from a target at a high S/N ratio by repeatedly integrating a binary signal and using noise levels as thresholds, even if the reflected signal is weak. This embodiment finds a sampling period that involves a larger integrated value than the threshold and correctly calculates the distance to the target. The 15th embodiment collects an integrated value for noise in each sampling period and employs it as a threshold of the sampling period. The 15th embodiment, therefore, surely removes the influence of noise in each sampling period when detecting a target and measuring the distance to the target. A radar apparatus according to the 16th embodiment of the present invention will be explained with reference to FIGS. 65 to 69. This embodiment is characterized by an integration circuit 822 and a control circuit 240. The other parts of this embodiment are the same as those of the 12th embodiment of FIG. 55 and are represented with like reference marks. In FIG. 66, the integration circuit 822 has an analog input switch 822a, an RC integrator 822b, and an analog output switch 822c. In FIG. 67, the control circuit 240 has, similar to the radar apparatus of FIG. 55, a clock transmitter 24a, a start pulse generator 24b, a trigger generator 24c, a sampling pulse generator 24d, and an input shift register 24e. The control circuit 240 of this embodiment is characterized by an input timing switch 24g and an output timing circuit 24h. The input timing switch 24g receives an input timing signal 217 from the input shift register 24e and provides an input switching signal 27 in the same sampling period through "m" sampling operations. The output timing circuit 24h provides an output switching signal 28 in response to an end pulse 220 from the sampling generator 24d upon the completion of "m" integration operations. The input switching signal 27 is sent to the analog input switch 822a of the integration circuit 822 of FIG. 66. The output switching signal 28 is sent to the analog output switch 822c of the integration circuit 822. An operation of the radar apparatus of the 16th embodiment will be explained with reference to the timing charts of FIGS. 68 and 69. Firstly, the principle of the operation will be explained. Whenever counting "m" trigger signals, the input timing switch 24g of the control circuit 240 shifts the input timing signal 217 from Q1 to Q2, Q2 to Q3, and the like, and provides the analog input switch 822a of the integration circuit 822 with the input switching signal 27 at the shifted timing. In response to the input switching signal 27, the analog input switch 822a is turned ON for a selected sampling period "i" of .DELTA.t, to transfer a binary signal from a radar head 21 to the integrator 822b. This operation is repeated for m (8192in the preceding embodiments) sampling operations. After the completion of the m sampling operations, the end pulse 220 is sent to the output timing circuit 24h, which sends the output switching signal 28. The signal 28 turns ON the analog output switch 822c of the integration circuit 822, so that the integrated value in the integrator 822b is provided to an arithmetic unit 23 in which the integrated value is stored in a memory Mi specified by the control circuit 240. After the completion of m integration and storage operations of the binary signal for the sampling period i, another m integration and storage operations are carried out for a sampling period i+1. In the first m sampling operations (m=8192 in the preceding embodiments) in FIGS. 68 and 69, the analog input switch 822a of the integration circuit 822 is turned ON for the first sampling period of .DELTA.t (the first range block #1) in response to the input switching signal 27, to integrate the binary signal m times in the first range block #1. Thereafter, the output timing circuit 24h provides the analog output switch 822c with the output timing signal 28 in response to the end pulse 220, and the integrated value of the integrator 822b is transferred to the arithmetic unit 23 in which the integrated value for the first range block #1 is stored in the memory M1. The input timing switch 24g changes the output timing of the switching signal such that the input switching signal 27 is provided in synchronization with the second sampling pulse. The analog input switch 822a is turned ON for the sampling period of .DELTA.t in the second range block #2 in response to the input switching signal synchronized with the second sampling pulse, and the binary signal is integrated by the integrator 822b. Such operations are repeated m times. The output timing circuit 24h provides the analog output switch 822c with the output timing signal 28, and the integrated value of the integrator 822b is transferred to the arithmetic circuit 23 in which the integrated value for the second range block #2 is stored in the memory M2. In this way, the timing of opening the analog input switch 822a is shifted by one sampling period of .DELTA.t whenever m trigger signals have been counted. The integrated value of each m sampling operations is sequentially stored in the memories M3, M4, and so on in the arithmetic unit 23. In the last, the binary signal is integrated m times in the "n"th sampling period, i.e., a range block #n, and the integrated value is stored in the memory Mn, to complete the sampling of the binary signal for the n range blocks. Thereafter, the arithmetic unit 23 detects a reflected pulse Rf and calculates the distance to a target according to the range block in which the reflected pulse Rf has been detected, like the preceding embodiments. The 16th embodiment simplifies the structure of the integration circuit 822 and reduces costs. A modification of the 16th embodiment will be explained. The arithmetic unit 23 is provided with memory areas corresponding to the memories M1 to Mn, respectively. While the transmitter 21a is stopping to transmit pulses, the operations mentioned above are carried out to store integrated values in these memory areas. Similar to the 14th and 15th embodiments of FIGS. 61 to 64, this modification detects noise levels for the range blocks, respectively, to use them as thresholds for detecting a reflected pulse Rf. This results in correctly measuring the distance to a target. Any one of the 12th to 16th embodiments samples a signal in different sampling periods after transmitting pulsesignals, integrates a binary signal, divides each integrated value by the saturation voltage of the integrator, to provide a normalized value, calculates a distance corresponding to a range block in which the normalized value exceeds a threshold TH, and provides the distance as the distance to a target. If it is required only to see if there is an obstacle in the range of, for example, one meter around a car in which the radar apparatus is installed, a simple circuit will do. This circuit simply integrates a binary signal a predetermined number of times in a range block corresponding to the distance of one meter, normalizes the integrated value, compares the normalized value with a threshold TH or a noise level separately measured, determines that there is an obstacle if the normalized value is greater than the threshold or noise level, and issues or displays an alarm. There is a modification of the 16th embodiment that sets different number of integral operations for range blocks, respectively. When a target is far from the radar apparatus, the S/N ratio of a received signal from the target is low, so that the number of integral operations must be large. When there is a target close to the radar apparatus, the S/N ratio of a received signal from the target is high, so that the number of integral operations may be small. Accordingly, the numbers of integral operations for range blocks corresponding to near distances are set to be small, and the numbers of integral operations for range blocks corresponding to far distances are set to be large. This is realized by adjusting the output timing of an end pulse provided by the start pulse generator 24b through the sampling pulse generator 24d. As explained above, the 16th embodiment of the present invention employs only one integration circuit for integrating a binary signal. This embodiment is simple and low cost. This embodiment employs an interference detector for detecting an interference wave contained in a reflected signal received by a receiver, and an interference wave remover for removing the interference wave. Even if an opposite car has a radar apparatus to send an interference wave, the radar apparatus of this embodiment detects the interference wave and removes the influence of the interference wave from results provided by an integration circuit. Accordingly, this embodiment correctly detects a target and calculates the distance to the target. This embodiment collects an integrated value for noise of each sampling period and uses the integrated value of noise as a threshold of the corresponding sampling period to thereby surely remove the influence of noise of each sampling period. Consequently, this embodiment accurately detects a target and calculates the distance to the target. A radar apparatus according to the 17th embodiment of the present invention will be explained with reference to FIGS. 70 and 71. The same parts as those of the 12th embodiment of FIGS. 55 to 57 are represented with like reference marks. The radar apparatus of the 17th embodiment has a radar head 21, an integration circuit 22 for sampling a binary signal from the radar head 21 and integrating the sampled signal, an arithmetic unit 23 for calculating the distance to a target, and a control circuit 24 for controlling these circuits. These circuits are the same as those of the 12th embodiment. Alternatively, the 17th embodiment may employ the radar head, integration circuit, arithmetic unit, and control circuit of FIGS. 60, 61, 64, and 65. The 17th embodiment is characterized by a peak detector 29. The peak detector 29 is realized by a software program executed by a computer that forms the arithmetic unit 23. The peak detector 29 compares the integrated value of each range block provided by the integration circuit 22 with a threshold TH and identifies range blocks whose integrated values are each above the threshold TH. Among the integrated values of the range blocks exceeding the threshold TH, the peak detector 29 finds a peak according to an approximation technique to be explained later, and provides the arithmetic unit 23 with the peak. The peak detection process of the peak detector 29 is substantially the same as that of the peak detector 15 of the ninth embodiment. Namely, the peak detector 29 estimates a peak according to the flowchart of FIG. 38 and the timing chart of FIG. 71. A transmitter 21a transmits pulsesignals at sampling intervals. The width of the pulsesignal must be equal to or greater than a sampling pulse period .DELTA.t, which is 66.7 ns in the preceding embodiments. The period of each sampling process is 4 .mu.s in the preceding embodiments. A receiver 21b continuously receives an external signal, which is amplified and converted into a binary signal through a limiter amplifier 21c and zero-cross comparator 21d. The binary signal is transferred to the integration circuit 22. Each pulse signal from the transmitter 21a is reflected by a target and received as a reflected pulse Rf by the receiver 21b with a delay time Td corresponding to the distance to the target. The integration circuit 22 samples and integrates the binary signal in each of a predetermined number (for example, 14) of range blocks in each trigger period. The number of sampling operations for one distance measuring operation is, for example, 8192. The number of sampling operations is equal to the number of trigger signals (FIG. 3), or the number of pulses transmitted from the transmitter 21a. After the completion of a predetermined number of integral operations, the integrated values of the range blocks are transferred to the peak detector 29. Since the width of each transmitted pulse is greater than the sampling pulse period .DELTA.t, the reflected pulse is detected in a plurality of the range blocks. The peak detector 29 receives the integrated value 214 of each range block from the integration circuit 22 and carries out a peak detection process as shown in FIG. 71 and finds a time delay .tau. of a peak with respect to the pulse transmitted timing. The time delay is transferred as peak data 222 to the arithmetic unit 23. The steps of detecting a peak will be explained with reference to the timing chart of FIG. 71 and the flow chart of the eighth embodiment of FIG. 38. In steps 401 to 404, the integrated values of range blocks #1 to #n are successively read, the largest integrated value above the threshold TH is set as a first peak value al, the second largest integrated value is set as a second peak value a2, and range blocks corresponding to the first and second peak values al and a2 are identified. In the example of FIG. 71, the first peak p1 corresponding to a range block #i+2 is farther than the second peak p2 corresponding to a range block #i+1 from the radar apparatus. Integrated values Si+2 and Si+1 in these range blocks are the peak values al and a2. Step 405 determines which of the first and second peaks p1 and p2 is farther from the radar apparatus. If the first peak p1 is farther than the second peak p2, step 406a extends a straight line A1 from the accumulated value al (=Si+2) of the first peak p1 (=#i+2) to the accumulated value Si+3 of a range block #i+3 that is farther than the first peak p1 by one block. Step 407a extends a straight line A2 from the accumulated value a2 (=Si+1) of the second peak p2 (=#i+1) to the accumulated value Si of a range block #i closer than the second peak p2 by one block to the radar apparatus. If the step 405 determines that the first peak p1 is closer than the second peak p2 to the radar apparatus, step 406b extends a straight line from the accumulated value al of the first peak p1 to the accumulated value of a range block in front of the first peak p1, and step 407b extends a straight line from the accumulated value a2 of the second peak p2 to the accumulated value of a range block behind the second peak p2. Step 408 finds an intersection "a" of the two straight lines A1 and A2 as a peak, and a time .tau. corresponding to the intersection "a" as a time between the transmission timing of the transmitted pulse and the reception of a corresponding reflected pulse. The time .tau. is supplied to the arithmetic unit 23, which calculates distance data 215 accordingly. In this way, the peak detector 29 approximates the waveform of the received reflected pulse Rf by tangents close to a peak, calculates the time .tau. of the peak estimated from the intersection of the tangents, and provides the arithmetic unit 23 with the peak data 222. The arithmetic unit 23 calculates the distance data 215 corresponding to the time .tau. and provides an output accordingly to issue an alarm if necessary. The operation of the arithmetic unit 23 may be any one of the preceding embodiments. The 17th embodiment may be employed to detect a relative speed. The approximation technique of the peak detector of this embodiment is not limited to that mentioned above. Other approximation techniques such as a quadratic curve approximation involving time on an X-axis and cumulative data on a Y-axis may be employed. In this way, the peak detector is capable of calculating the distance to a target more precisely than units of range blocks (.DELTA.t) without dividing each range block into smaller sections. When each range block corresponds to a distance of 10 m, the radar apparatus of FIG. 70 is capable of measuring the distance to a target at an accuracy of 2 m or finer. In this way, the radar apparatus of the 17th embodiment finds an approximate curve connecting sampling points whose integrated values exceed each a threshold, estimates a peak on the approximate curve, obtains a delay time from the timing of signal transmission to the peak, and calculates a distance corresponding to the delay time. This embodiment is capable of precisely measuring the distance to a target even if the target is present between adjacent sampling periods. Namely, this embodiment is capable of accurately measuring the distance to a target even with rough sampling periods. A radar apparatus according to the 18th embodiment of the present invention will be explained with reference to FIGS. 72 to 76. This embodiment is characterized by an output/gain adjustment circuit 33 added to an arithmetic unit 23. If an integrated value provided by an integrator for a range block of an integration circuit 22 is above a saturation value, the output/gain adjustment circuit 33 decreases the sensitivity of the radar apparatus. If none of the integrated values provided by the integrators for range blocks of the integration circuit 22 is above a lower limit, the output/gain adjustment circuit 33 increases the sensitivity of the radar apparatus. The same parts as those of the radar apparatus of FIGS. 55 to 57 are represented with like reference marks. A radar head 210 has a transmitter 21aa having a function of changing the power of a transmission signal. A receiver 21b in the radar head 210 receives a signal 212. A limiter amplifier 21cc connected to the receiver 21b has a variable gain control function, i.e., an AGC function. These functions are controlled by an output control signal 223 and a gain control signal 224 provided by the output/gain adjustment circuit 33 through a control circuit 24. The output/gain adjustment circuit 33 may be a discrete unit or a software program executed by a computer that forms the arithmetic unit 23. The transmitter 21aa consists of, similar to the transmitter of FIG. 2, a drive circuit 5a-1, a light emitting element 5a-2 such as a laser diode, and a lens 5a-3 for condensing light toward a target. The output control circuit for automatically controlling the power of a transmission pulse may be a potentiometer, which automatically adjusts, in response to an external signal, an output resistor of the drive circuit 5a-1, to thereby adjust a current or a voltage applied to the light emitting element 5a-2. The limiter amplifier 21cc for automatically adjusting a gain is provided with an AGC circuit. An operation of the radar apparatus of the 18th embodiment will be explained. The output/gain adjustment circuit 33 checks, after the completion of each distance measurement operation, a normalized value obtained by dividing an integrated value for each range block by the saturation voltage of an integrator. If any one of the normalized values of the range blocks is above a predetermined upper limit A, the adjustment circuit 33 provides an instruction 223 to lower the strength of a transmission signal and/or an instruction 224 to suppress the gain of a received signal. On the other hand, if each of the normalized values is blow a lower limit B, the adjustment circuit 33 provides an instruction 223 to increase the power of the transmission signal and/or an instruction 224 to increase the gain of a received signal. The lower limit B is usually a threshold TH for specifying a noise level. Upon receiving the instruction 223 to increase or decrease the output power of a transmission signal, the transmitter 21aa increases or decreases the output power step by step at a predetermined pitch, to strengthen or weaken a transmission pulsestep by step. Upon receiving the instruction 224 to increase or decrease the gain of a received signal, the limiter amplifier 21cc increases or decreases the gain thereof step by step at a predetermined pitch, to increase or decrease the strength of a received signal step by step. After the completion of a distance measuring operation carried out after the output and/or gain adjustment, normalized values are again checked. If any one of them is still above the upper limit A, the output and/or gain decreasing adjustment is repeated. On the other hand, if all of the normalized values are still below the lower limit B, the output and/or gain increasing adjustment is repeated. As a result, normalized values of the range blocks for detecting a reflected pulse are put between the upper and lower limits A and B. The steps of automatically adjusting the sensitivity of the radar apparatus by adjusting output power and/or gain carried out by the output/gain adjustment circuit 33 of the 18th embodiment are substantially the same as those of the 10th embodiment of FIG. 43. The word "accumulated value" in FIG. 43 must be read as "integrated value" in the 18th embodiment. Step 420 sets a maximum gain and a maximum output to prevent excessive gain and output. Step 421 and the following steps are repeated whenever a distance measuring operation is carried out. The steps 421 and 422 carry out a distance measurement operation. In step 423, the output/gain adjustment circuit 33 scans integrated values of respective range blocks transferred to the arithmetic unit 23 and determines whether or not any one of normalized values of the integrated values is above the upper limit A. If there are range blocks such as #i+1 and #i+2 of FIG. 73 whose normalized values are each above the upper limit A, it is determined that the distance measuring sensitivity of the radar apparatus is too high. Accordingly, the adjustment circuit 33 provides the output and/or gain reduction instructions 223 and/or 224 to decrease the output power of a transmission pulse and/or the gain of a received signal by one step in step 424. Then, the next distance measuring operation is carried out. If the step 423 determines that there is no normalized value above the upper limit A, step 425 checks to see if there is any range block whose normalized value is above the lower limit B. If there is no normalized value that exceeds the lower limit B as shown in FIG. 74, it is determined that the sensitivity of the radar apparatus is too weak. In FIG. 74, the lower limit B is equal to a threshold TH. The adjustment circuit 33 provides the output increase instruction and/or gain increase instruction to increase the output power of a transmission pulse and/or the gain of a received'signal by one step in step 426. Then, the next distance measuring operation is carried out. The steps 421 to 426 are repeated until the normalized values of all of the range blocks are below the upper limit A and any one of them is above the lower limit B. These steps automatically optimize the distance measurement sensitivity of the radar apparatus. Once the sensitivity is automatically adjusted in this way, the arithmetic unit 23 carries out an original distance calculation process in step 427. Automatically adjusting the sensitivity of the radar apparatus enables the radar apparatus to measure the distance to a far target as well as the distance to a near target. If the output power of a transmission signal and the gain of a received signal are fixed to large values to measure a far target, normalized values of the range blocks #i+1 and #i+2 of FIG. 73 will reach a saturation value S above the upper limit A when measuring the distance to a near target. Then, it will be impossible to correctly measure the distance to the near target. On the other hand, if the output power of a transmission signal and the gain of a received signal are fixed to small values to measure the distance to a near target, normalized values of the range blocks #i+1 and #i+2 of FIG. 74 are below the threshold TH when measuring a far target. In this case, the distance to the far target will not be measured even if a reflected pulse from the target is detected. The sensitivity adjustment mentioned above solves these problems, and the radar apparatus may receive a reflected pulse from a target at optimum reception strength and correctly measures the distance to the target without regard to the length of the distance. This results in improving the reliability of a distance measuring operation. The automatic sensitivity adjustment is not limited to that mentioned above. For example, the sensitivity adjustment may be carried out by adjusting the gain of a received signal at first, and if it is insufficient, the output power of a transmission signal will be adjusted. Alternatively, the sensitivity adjustment may be carried out by adjusting the output power of a transmission signal at first, and if it is insufficient, the gain of a received signal will be adjusted. To simplify a circuit structure, the sensitivity adjustment may be carried out only by adjusting the gain of a received signal, or only by adjusting the strength of a transmission signal. FIG. 75 shows a modification of the 18th embodiment. This modification adds the output/gain adjustment circuit 33 mentioned above to the radar apparatus having the peak detector 29 of the 17th embodiment of FIG. 70. If there is no adjustment circuit 33 as shown in FIG. 76A, the peak detector 29 may detect a peak p that deviates from an actual peak r of a received signal, if the normalized value of a range block #i or #i+1 reaches a saturation value S. If the adjustment circuit 33 is provided as shown in FIG. 76B, the automatic sensitivity adjustment may put the normalized value of every range block below the upper limit A, to correctly detect a peak p. This results in further improving distance measuring accuracy. In this way, the radar apparatus of the 18th embodiment decreases the sensitivity thereof if the integrated value of any one of range blocks is above an upper limit, and increases the sensitivity if the integrated value of none of the range blocks is above a lower limit, to thereby always maintain each integrated value at a proper level, correctly detect a target, and accurately calculate the distance to the target. This embodiment adjusts the sensitivity of the radar apparatus by adjusting the output power of a transmission pulse and/or the amplification gain of a received signal, to always maintain each integrated value at a proper level, to thereby correctly detect a target and accurately calculate the distance to the target. A radar apparatus according to the 19th embodiment of the present invention will be explained with reference to FIGS. 77 and 78. This embodiment is characterized by an adjustment circuit 34 serving as a sensitivity adjuster, for adjusting the number of integral operations. If any one of the normalized values of range block integrators of an integration circuit 22 is above an upper limit that is set in advance, the adjustment circuit 34 reduces the number of integral operations. If none of the normalized values of the range blocks is above a lower limit that is set in advance, the adjustment circuit 34 increases the number of integral operations. The other parts of this embodiment are the same as those of the radar apparatus of FIGS. 55 to 57 and are represented with like reference marks. The adjustment circuit 34 may be realized by a software program executed by a computer that forms an arithmetic unit 23. An operation of the adjustment circuit 34 will be explained. Each of integrated values of range blocks of the integration circuit 22 is divided by an integration saturation voltage, to provide a normalized value. The adjustment circuit 34 checks each normalized value whenever a distance measuring operation is completed. If any one of the normalized values of the range blocks is above a predetermined upper limit A1 (FIG. 51), the adjustment circuit 34 issues an instruction to decrease the number m of integral operations to be carried out in one distance measuring operation. The number (m) of integral operations is 8192 in the preceding embodiments. On the other hand, if all of the normalized values are below a lower limit B1, the adjustment circuit 34 issues an instruction to increase the number of integral operations to be carried out in one distance measuring operation. The decrease or increase instruction is supplied to a sampling pulse generator 24d of a controller 24. Then, the sampling pulse generator 24d hastens or delays the timing of providing an end pulse by one step. Namely, the sampling pulse generator 24d counts the number of trigger signals provided by a trigger generator 24c, and when the count (equal to the number of integral operations) reaches a set value, provides the end pulse. In this way, the number of integral operations carried out by the integration circuit 22 is increased or decreased. After the completion of a distance measurement operation carried out after the adjustment of the number of integral operations, the adjustment of reducing the number of integral operations is again carried out if any one of the normalized values is above the upper limit A1, and the adjustment of increasing the number of integral operations is repeated if all of the normalized values are below the lower limit B1. The steps of automatically adjusting the number of integral operations will be explained with reference to the flowchart of FIG. 50 of the 11th embodiment. In this flowchart, the term "accumulated value" must be read as "integrated value" in the 19th embodiment. Step 430 sets the number m of integral operations to, for example, 8192. Namely, as in the preceding embodiments, the range of 0 to 130 m is sampled in 14 range blocks at intervals of 10 m. A transmission period of a transmission pulse is 4 .mu.s, and a sampling pulse interval .DELTA.t, i.e., the sampling period of each range block is 66.7 ns. Steps 431 and 432 carry out one distance measuring operation. The circuit 34 for adjusting the number of integral operations scans integrated values of the range blocks and checks to see if any one of the normalized values of the integrated values of the range blocks is above the upper limit A1 in step 433. If the normalized values of, for example, range blocks #i+1 and #i+2 are each above the upper limit A1, the adjustment circuit 34 instructs, in step 434, the sampling pulse generator 24d to quicken the output timing of an end pulse by one step, to reduce the number of integral operations to be carried out by the integration circuit 22. Then, the next distance measuring operation is carried out. If the step 433 determines that there is no normalized value exceeding the upper limit A1, step 435 determines checks to see if there is a range block whose normalized value is greater than the lower limit B1. If there is no normalized value that exceeds the lower limit B1, the adjustment circuit 34 instructs, in step 436, the sampling pulse generator 24d to slow the output timing of an end pulse by one step, to increase the number of integral operations to be carried out by the integration circuit 22. Then, the next distance measuring operation is carried out. These steps 431 to 436 are repeated until the normalized values of all the range blocks are below the upper limit A1 and at least one of them is above the lower limit B1. In this way, this embodiment automatically adjusts the number of integral operations to a required minimum to detect a target and measure the distance to the target with a sufficient S/N ratio. Once the number of integral operations is automatically adjusted through the above steps, the arithmetic unit 23 carries out an original distance measuring process in step 437. In this way, this embodiment automatically adjusts the number of integral operations to detect a target and calculate the distance to the target with a required minimum number of integral operations and a sufficient S/N ratio. A target close to the radar apparatus provides a large S/N ratio. Accordingly, it is required to speedily measure the distance to the close target. This embodiment is capable of speedily measuring the distance to the close target with a small number of integral operations. FIG. 78 shows a modification of the 19th embodiment. This modification adds the adjustment circuit 34 mentioned above to the radar apparatus having the peak detector 29 of the 17th embodiment of FIG. 70. This modification automatically optimizes the number of integral operations at first and then measures the distance to a target. In this case, the peak detector 29 can correctly quickly detect a peak p. The 18th and 19th embodiments may be combined together to provide a radar apparatus having the functions of automatically adjusting the output power of a transmission signal, the gain of a received signal, and the number of integral operations. An operation of this combination will be explained. Sampling and integrating operations are carried out 1024 times. If there is any range block whose integrated value is above the upper limit A, the gain of the receiver is decreased and/or the output power of the transmitter is decreased. If there is no range block whose integrated value is above the lower limit after the 1024 sampling and integrating operations, the gain of the receiver is increased and/or the output power of the transmitter is increased. As a result, an optimum S/N ratio is obtained. When the integrated values fall between the upper and lower limits, the number of integral operations is set to 8192, to always obtain integrated values with less fluctuations. Thereafter, a normal operation of detecting a reflected signal is carried out. The number of integral operations to be set may be 7168 (=8192-1024). In this way, the gain and/or output adjustment is carried out at first with a small number of integral operations (quite smaller than a usual number of 8192), to speedily optimize the output power of the transmitter and the gain of the receiver, quickly detect a target, and correctly calculate the distance to the target. As explained above, this example carries out 1024 sampling and integrating operations at first. If any one of the integrated values of the range blocks is above the upper limit, the gain of the receiver is decreased and/or the output of the transmitter is decreased. If the integrated value of every range block is below the upper limit, the number of integral operations is directly set to 8192, to integrate values with less fluctuations. Thereafter, a normal operation of detecting a reflected signal is carried out. The number of integral operations may be 7168 (=8192-1024). This example firstly adjusts the gain and output power with a small number of integral operations (quite smaller than a usual number of 8192), to speedily optimize the gain and output power. As a result, this example shortens a time for correctly detecting a reflected signal and measuring the distance to a target. In this way, the radar apparatus of the 19th embodiment employs the circuit for adjusting the number of integral operations as the sensitivity regulator, to automatically set the number of integral operations to be carried out by the integration circuit to a required minimum, to detect a reflected signal with a sufficient S/N ratio. This embodiment is capable of speedily detecting a target and measuring the distance to the target. Application of the radar apparatus of any one of the above embodiments will be explained. FIG. 79 shows a collision avoidance system for a car, employing the radar apparatus of the present invention. This system has the radar apparatus 100, sensors including a velocity sensor 110a, a rudder angle sensor 110b, and a brake sensor 110c, a relative speed calculator 120, an arithmetic controller 130, and output devices 140. The radar apparatus 100 repeatedly carries out a distance measuring operation. The relative speed calculator 120 temporally differentiates the output of the radar apparatus, to calculate the relative speed of the car with respect to a car running ahead. The arithmetic controller 130 receives the distance data and relative speed data. The arithmetic controller 130 also receives the velocity of the car and a rudder angle from the sensors 110 and calculates the possibility of the car colliding with the car running ahead. If the distance to the car running ahead is short and the relative speed is greater than a predetermined value, the arithmetic controller 130 determines that there is a risk of collision and sends an alarm to the output devices 140 such as a display 140a and a speaker 140b, to let the driver avoid a collision. If the distance to the car running ahead becomes a safety one, the fact will be notified to the driver through the output devices 140. FIG. 80 shows an ON/OFF controller for a constant velocity controller, employing the radar apparatus of the present invention. The arithmetic controller 130 of FIG. 79 is connected to the constant velocity controller 150, which controls a throttle actuator 151. When the driver enters a required speed and turns ON the constant velocity controller 150, the controller 150 adjusts the opening of the throttle actuator 151, to drive the car at the required speed. The arithmetic controller 130 receives relative speed data and distance data from a relative speed calculator 120 and signals from sensors 110 and calculates the proximity of the car with respect to a car running ahead. If the cars are too close to each other, the arithmetic controller 130 notices the matter to the driver through output devices and sends an OFF signal to the constant velocity controller 150 to stop the automatic constant speed driving. The arithmetic controller 130 lets the throttle actuator 151 close a throttle valve to decelerate the car, to thereby secure a safety distance between the cars. If the relative speed is sufficiently decreased and the distance between the cars is sufficiently extended, the arithmetic controller 130 sends an ON signal to the constant velocity controller 150, to activate the automatic constant driving. In this way, this system issues an alarm as soon as the distance to a car running ahead is excessively shortened during the constant speed driving controlled by the constant velocity controller. FIG. 81 shows a collision avoidance system. When an arithmetic controller 130 determines that there is a risk of collision according to the distance to a car running ahead and a relative speed, the collision avoidance system activates actuators 155 to automatically avoid a collision. The actuators 155 include a brake actuator, a throttle actuator, a transmission actuator, etc., which are accessed by the arithmetic controller 130. If the relative speed is large and the distance to the car running ahead is shortening the arithmetic controller 130 automatically accesses a deceleration actuator to activate an engine brake, as well as the brake actuator to brake the car. FIG. 82 shows a precrash air bag system. This system has a radar apparatus 100 of the present invention, a relative velocity calculator 120, and an arithmetic controller 130. The arithmetic controller 130 accesses the air bag system 160 and inflates an air bag as quickly as possible. A conventional air bag system starts to inflate an air bag at time to of FIG. 83 when a collision occurs. Namely, the driver leans forward due to the shock of the collision, and at the same time, the air bag inflates, as indicated with a curve a. Accordingly, the air bag may hit the face of the driver. According to the precrash air bag system of the present invention, the radar apparatus 100 always measures a distance, and the relative velocity calculator 120 provides the arithmetic controller 130 with the relative speed of and the distance to a car running ahead. The arithmetic controller 130 always monitors the relative speed and distance data. When the speed of the car of its own and the relative speed are each large and the distance between the two cars is shortening, the arithmetic controller 130 issues an activation instruction to the air bag system 160 at time t-. As a result, the air bag is sufficiently inflated by time to when the cars actually collide with each other. In this way, the precrash air bag system according to the present invention secures a rapid operation. Although the present invention has been explained in connection with the optical radar apparatuses employing LEDs and semiconductor laser diodes, the present invention is also applicable to radio, ultrasonic, and sound wave radar apparatuses employing radio and sonic wave transmitters instead of the light emitting elements. In the case of the radio radar apparatus, a short-wave electromagnetic wave is preferable in terms of directivity and interference with other frequencies. Since the present invention works with a transmission pulsesignal of small output power, it may employ electromagnetic waves in a millimeter band or a sub-millimeter band. Oscillation and amplification elements such as GaAs FET, HEMT, and HBT are employable as radio wave transmitters. 1. A radar apparatus comprising: (a) means for transmitting an output signal such as one of optical, electromagnetic, and sonic wave signals; (b) means for receiving a signal reflected by an external target; (c) means for sampling the received signal at predetermined intervals; (d) means for accumulating data according to the components of the sampled signal; (e) means for storing the accumulated data; (f) means for controlling said transmission, sampling, accumulation, and storage means; and (g) means for reading the data out of the storage means and determining whether or not the data contain the reflected signal from the target. 2. A radar apparatus as claimed in claim 1, wherein: said sampling means is a shift register to successively shift and store the sampled signal; said accumulation means accumulates a positive value whenever a sampled component successively transferred from said sampling means is positive; and said storage means has memories corresponding to sampling pulses produced in one sampling period, respectively, to store the accumulated data. 3. A radar apparatus as claimed in claim 1, wherein said sampling means repeatedly samples positive and negative phase data of the received signal at predetermined intervals. 4. A radar apparatus as claimed in claim 1, wherein said sampling means repeatedly samples the positive and negative sign data of the received signal at predetermined intervals. (f) means for controlling said transmission, sampling, accumulation, and storage means; (g) means for reading the data out of the storage means and determining whether or not the data contain the reflected signal from the target; (h) means for detecting an interference signal in the received signal; and (i) means for removing the detected interference signal. 6. A radar apparatus as claimed in claim 5, wherein said interference signal detection means has: means for calculating the relative speed of the target according to a period for detecting the reflected pulse; and means for detecting an abnormality in the relative speed calculated by said relative speed calculation means. 7. A radar apparatus as claimed in claim 5, wherein said interference signal detection means has means for detecting an offset in the data stored in said cumulative storage means, to determine whether or not there is an interference signal. 8. A radar apparatus as claimed in claim 5, wherein the ratio (.DELTA.f/fc) of a frequency error (.DELTA.f) to a reference clock frequency (fc) of a reference clock signal is at least 2.times.10.sup.-7, the reference clock signal determining the operation timing of said transmission means, reception means, sampling means, accumulation means, storage means, decision means, interference signal detection means, and interference signal removing means. 9. A radar apparatus as claimed in claim 8, wherein said frequency error.DELTA.f is the frequency difference between the respective reference clock frequency of two opposing radar apparatuses (fc1, fc2), and said value of fc is approximately equal to fc1 and fc2. 10. A radar apparatus as claimed in claim 5, wherein the ratio (.DELTA.f/fc) of a frequency error (.DELTA.f) to a reference clock frequency (fc) of a reference clock signal is at least equal to the ratio of a sampling interval to an accumulation period of the cumulative storage means, the reference clock signal determining the operation timing of said transmission means, reception means, sampling means, accumulation means, storage means, decision means, interference signal detection means, and interference signal removing means. 11. A radar apparatus as claimed in claim 6, wherein said relative speed calculation means has: means for calculating an approaching speed according to a difference between a first time point at which a reflected signal has been detected at a first nearest sampling point and a second time point at which the reflected signal has been detected at a second sampling point that is nearer than the first sampling point; and means for calculating a separating speed according to a difference between a first time point at which the reflected signal has disappeared at a first farthest sampling point and a second time point at which the reflected signal has disappeared at a second sampling point that is farther than the first sampling point. 12. A radar apparatus comprising: (h) means for detecting an interval between sampling points where the received signal is detected; (i) means for preventing erroneous detection in detecting the interval between the sampling points; and (j) means for calculating the relative speed of the target according to the interval. 13. A radar apparatus as claimed in claim 1, wherein the width of a pulse transmitted from said transmission means is wider than a sampling interval of said sampling means. (b) means for receiving a reflected signal such as one of optical, electromagnetic, and sonic wave signals; (c) means for sampling the received signal at predetermined intervals, and thereafter, sampling noise; (d) means for accumulating data and noise according to the components of the sampled signal and noise; (e) means for storing the accumulated data and noise; (g) means for detecting all levels of the sampled noise and employing the levels as thresholds for determining whether or not the accumulated data contain a reflected pulse from a target; and (h) means for reading the accumulated data and noise and determining whether or not the accumulated data contain the reflected pulse from the target according to the thresholds. (a) a plurality of means for transmitting an output signal such as one of optical, electromagnetic, and sonic wave signals; (b) means for individually driving said transmission means at predetermined intervals; (c) means for receiving a reflected signal such as one of an optical, electromagnetic, and sonic wave signals; (d) means for sampling the received signal at predetermined intervals; (e) means for accumulating data according to the contents of the sampled signal; (f) means for storing the accumulated data; and (g) means for reading the accumulated data out of said storage means and determining whether or not the data contain a reflected pulse from an external target. (a) means for periodically transmitting a pulse signal; (b) means for continuously receiving a signal in a direction in which the pulsesignal is reflected by a target; (c) means for converting the received signal into a binary signal; (d) means for sampling the binary signal at one or a plurality of different sampling points after said transmission means transmits the pulsesignal; (e) one or a plurality of means for accumulating values sampled at the sampling points, respectively, in response to each of a predetermined number of pulses in signals emitted from said transmission means; and (f) means for comparing a normalized value of the accumulated value of each of said accumulation means with a predetermined threshold and determining whether or not there is a reflected signal from the target according to a result of the comparison. 17. A radar apparatus as claimed in claim 16, further comprising: means for calculating the distance to the target according to a time delay between the timing of said transmission means transmitting the pulsesignal and one of the sampling points that provides an accumulated value whose normalized value is greater than the threshold. (d) means for sampling the binary signal at a sampling point after said transmission means transmits the pulsesignal; (e) means for accumulating a value sampled at the sampling point in response to each of a predetermined number of pulsesignals emitted from said transmission means; (f) means for switching the sampling point to another once said accumulation means completes the accumulation of the predetermined number of sampled values at the sampling point, and letting said accumulation means accumulate sampled values at the new sampling point; (g) means for storing the accumulated values of the sampling points, respectively; (h) means for comparing a normalized value of each of the accumulated values stored in said storage means with a predetermined threshold and determining whether or not there is a reflected signal from the target according to a result of the comparison; and (i) means for calculating the distance to the target according to a time delay between the timing of said transmission means transmitting the pulsesignal and one of the sampling points that provides an accumulated value whose normalized value is greater than the threshold. means for detecting an interference wave contained in a reflected signal received by said reception means; and means for removing the interference wave. one or a plurality of means for accumulating a predetermined number of values corresponding to noise sampled at the same sampling points as above, respectively, while said transmission means is not transmitting the pulse signal, the accumulated values of the sampling points being normalized, respectively, and being used as the thresholds of the sampling points, respectively. means for plotting an approximation curve by connecting the normalized values of sampling points that exceed each the threshold to one another according to an approximation formula; and means for detecting a peak in the approximation curve, finding a time delay between the peak and the timing of said transmission means transmitting the pulsesignal, and providing said distance calculation means with the time delay. means for determining if any one of the normalized values of the sampling points is above a predetermined upper limit; means for determining if none of the normalized values of the sampling points is above a predetermined lower limit; and means for decreasing the sensitivity of the radar apparatus if any one of the normalized values is above the upper limit, and increasing the sensitivity of the radar apparatus if none of the normalized values is above the lower limit. 23. A radar apparatus as claimed in claim 22, wherein the means for adjusting the sensitivity of the radar apparatus adjusts the output power of said transmission means so that the normalized values may fall between the upper and lower limits. 24. A radar apparatus as claimed in claim 22, wherein the means for adjusting the sensitivity of the radar apparatus adjusts the gain of said reception means so that the normalized values may fall between the upper and lower limits. 25. A radar apparatus as claimed in claim 22, wherein the means for adjusting the sensitivity of the radar apparatus adjusts the number of cumulative operations carried out by said accumulation means. (a) transmission means for periodically transmitting a pulsesignal; (b) reception means for continuously receiving a signal in a direction in which the pulsesignal is reflected by a target; (d) means for sampling the binary signal in one or a plurality of different sampling periods after said transmission means transmits the pulsesignal; (e) one or a plurality of means for integrating the binary signal in the sampling periods, respectively, in response to each of a predetermined number of pulsesignals emitted from said transmission means; and (f) means for comparing a normalized value of the integrated value of each of said integration means with a predetermined threshold and determining whether or not there is a reflected signal from the target according to a result of the comparison. means for calculating the distance to the target according to a time delay between the timing of said transmission means transmitting the pulsesignal and a sampling period that provides an integrated value whose normalized value is greater than the threshold. (d) means for sampling the binary signal in a sampling period after said transmission means transmits the pulsesignal; (e) means for integrating the binary signal sampled in the sampling period in response to each of a predetermined number of pulsesignals emitted from said transmission means; (f) means for switching the sampling period to another once said integration means completes a predetermined number of integral operations of the binary signal in the sampling period, and letting said integration means integrate the binary signal in the new sampling period; (g) means for storing the integrated values for the sampling periods, respectively; (h) means for comparing a normalized value of each of the integrated values stored in said storage means with a predetermined threshold and determining whether or not there is a reflected signal from the target according to a result of the comparison; and (i) means for calculating the distance to the target according to a time delay between the timing of said transmission means transmitting the pulsesignal and a sampling period that provides an integrated value whose normalized value is greater than the threshold. one or a plurality of means for carrying out a predetermined number of integral operations on a binary signal representing noise sampled in the same sampling periods as above, respectively, while said transmission means is not transmitting the pulsesignal, the integrated values of the sampling periods being normalized, respectively, and being used as the thresholds of the sampling periods, respectively. means for plotting an approximation curve by connecting the normalized values of sampling periods that exceed each the threshold to one another according to an approximation formula; and means for determining if any one of the normalized values of the sampling periods is above a predetermined upper limit; means for determining if none of the normalized values of the sampling periods is above a predetermined lower limit; and 35. A radar apparatus as claimed in claim 32, wherein the means for adjusting the sensitivity of the radar apparatus adjusts the number of integral operations carried out by said integration means. 5471215 November 28, 1995 Fukuhura et al. Filed: Jun 7, 1995 Date of Patent: Oct 15, 1996 Assignee: Nissan Motor Co., Ltd. (Kanagawa-ken) Inventors: Hiroshige Fukuhara (Kanagawa-ken), Hiroyuki Kamishima (Kanagawa-ken), Toshiro Muramatsu (Kanagawa-ken) Primary Examiner: John B. Sotomayor Law Firm: Lowe, Price, LeBlanc & Becker Application Number: 8/477,938 Current U.S. Class: Radar Mounted On And Controls Land Vehicle (342/70); With Control Of Brakes Or Steering (342/71); With Control Of Safety Device (e.g., Air Bags) (342/72) International Classification: G01S 1393;

UC HASTINGS HOME Home > JOURNALS > HWLJ > Vol. 21 (2010) > No. 2 Use of Female Interrogators: The Analysis of Sexualized Interrogations the Detainee Interrogation Working Group Did Not Conduct Celia Rumann In the years following the Abu Ghraib scandal, it has become apparent that Lynndie England was punished for the crime of providing the world with photographic evidence of a government policy of using sexuality as a weapon of war. Ms. England's actions were not, as has been asserted, borne of whole cloth out of the sexually deviant minds of young soldiers bent on exploiting prisoners for their own amusement. Rather, they embodied the arguably extreme end of the systematic work of the United States government to engage in sexually deviant exploitation of prisoners purportedly for the collective safety and well-being of the American public. This article focuses on those techniques that specifically use gender and sexuality as tools of interrogation. It begins with an examination of the recent history of the use of sexuality and gender by U.S. forces as a tool of war and interrogation to break detainees both at Guantanamo Bay and at other interrogation sites around the world. An examination follows whether these techniques, either in isolation or collectively, violated domestic and international norms relating to the treatment of women. The article examines these questions in four contexts, specifically focusing on the Uniform Code of Military Justice, the Mann Act, domestic prohibitions and international anti-human trafficking conventions and the Convention for the Elimination of All Forms of Discrimination Against Women. Celia Rumann, Use of Female Interrogators: The Analysis of Sexualized Interrogations the Detainee Interrogation Working Group Did Not Conduct, 21 Hastings Women's L.J. 273 (2010). Available at: https://repository.uchastings.edu/hwlj/vol21/iss2/3 Law and Gender Commons All Issues Vol. 32, No. 1 Vol. 31, No. 2 Vol. 31, No. 1 Vol. 30, No. 2 Vol. 30, No. 1 Vol. 29, No. 2 Vol. 29, No. 1 Vol. 28, No. 2 Vol. 28, No. 1 Vol. 27, No. 2 Vol. 27, No. 1 Vol. 26, No. 2 Vol. 26, No. 1 Vol. 25, No. 2 Vol. 25, No. 1 Vol. 24, No. 2 Vol. 24, No. 1 Vol. 23, No. 2 Vol. 23, No. 1 Vol. 22, No. 2 Vol. 22, No. 1 Vol. 21, No. 2 Vol. 21, No. 1 Vol. 20, No. 2 Vol. 20, No. 1 Vol. 19, No. 2 Vol. 19, No. 1 Vol. 18, No. 2 Vol. 18, No. 1 Vol. 17, No. 2 Vol. 17, No. 1 Vol. 16, No. 2 Vol. 16, No. 1 Vol. 15, No. 2 Vol. 15, No. 1 Vol. 14, No. 2 Vol. 14, No. 1 Vol. 13, No. 2 Vol. 13, No. 1 Vol. 12, No. 2 Vol. 12, No. 1 Vol. 11, No. 2 Vol. 11, No. 1 Vol. 10, No. 2 Vol. 10, No. 1 Vol. 9, No. 2 Vol. 9, No. 1 Vol. 8, No. 2 Vol. 8, No. 1 Vol. 7, No. 2 Vol. 7, No. 1 Vol. 6, No. 2 Vol. 6, No. 1 Vol. 5, No. 2 Vol. 5, No. 1 Vol. 4, No. 2 Vol. 4, No. 1 Vol. 3, No. 2 Vol. 3, No. 1 Vol. 2, No. 1 Vol. 1, No. 1 © Copyright University of California, Hastings College of the Law

Augustin (Braşov) Augustin (canção) Desambiguações de antropônimos

I'm interested in getting a good daily driver and wondering what brand, model, and year makes the most since. I understand this is a very general question so let me try to specify. I'm looking for a very reliable, prevalent(assuming this will make parts cheap and accessible), and pre-emissions diesel car. The reason I say pre-emissions is because in my experience emisions just adds cost and reliability(feel free to tell me why I'm wrong-maybe I am). I understand every brand/model is going to have their die-hard followers(which is what will make this fun) but ultimately I'd like to find a good deal on this car so how many were made and how long ago is important. Anyway thanks for the feedback!- no need to get crazy specific I'm a forum nut so if you guys throw out some good starting points I'll run them to ground! needs to be changed every 100.000. How many miles do you have on it? Is that a common rail motor? What kind of mileage do you get? Last edited by gunman41mag; 05-29-2015 at 01:24 AM. Last edited by gunman41mag; 05-29-2015 at 01:25 AM.

Q: Unable to gzip javascript file using IIS I performed the following steps: * *Converted javascript file to gzip file using 7-ZIP *Enabled static compression in IIS *Changed <script type="text/javascript" src="js/base.js"></script> to <script type="application/x-gzip" src="js/base.js.gz"></script> Using firebug I check that base.js.gz response is empty. A: That is not how you do it. Leave your files alone and simply turn on static compression in IIS - that's it. A: You are both compressing the file manually, and using IIS. If you got that to work, it would be compressed twice, which the browser can't handle. Just use the compression in IIS, it will compress the files on the fly and send the correct HTTP header so that the browser knows to decompress it. A: I think you need to rethink your approach. In order to enable gzipped content for static filetypes in IIS7 all you need is this in web.config: <system.webServer> <httpCompression directory="%SystemDrive%\inetpub\temp\IIS Temporary Compressed Files"> <scheme name="gzip" dll="%Windir%\system32\inetsrv\gzip.dll" /> <staticTypes> <add mimeType="text/*" enabled="true" /> <add mimeType="application/x-javascript" enabled="true" /> </staticTypes> </httpCompression> <system.webServer>

PowerRail, an M-1003 Quality Company offers a complete line of Compressor parts and components which meet or exceed OEM specifications. PowerRail, an M-1003 Quality Company offers a complete line of Compressor parts and components. Please See Air & Water Compressor Parts tab for more details on our offerings.

HOME > News > Crime and Courts Woman calls Dubai Police after naked man enters her house Marie Nammour/Dubai Filed on November 11, 2019 | Last updated on November 11, 2019 at 05.32 pm (KT file) The woman said the man is her son's friend. A 21-year-old student was reported to Dubai police after he entered the house of an Arab family without their permission, a Dubai court heard. The Emirati student was charged on Monday at the Court of First Instance after he physically assaulted two on-duty police officers who responded to the call made by an Arab housewife. Dubai public prosecution accused the defendant of behaving aggressively towards the officers and beating them on August 24. A case was registered at Al Barsha police station. The accused is in detention. A police officer said they received a call from a woman complaining about a naked man in her house. "When I reached her place with a colleague, she said that the defendant is her son's friend. But after he walked out of the house, she said that the accused entered her house without permission. She looked scared and did not want to report him at first." After the defendant returned, the policemen told him to get inside the patrol car. "He did not want to ride in the car nor did he want to let us handcuff him. I got injured when he kept pushing me and hit me with his elbow." The officer told the prosecutor that he got swollen lips and left shoulder and a pain in his left leg. His colleague also received minor injuries. During the public prosecution investigation, the defendant admitted he assaulted the officers when they tried to get him inside the police car. The trial has been adjourned to November 21. mary@khaleejtimes.com UAE withdraws medical products for non-compliance Health facilities and healthcare professionals have been asked to... READ MORE UAE weather: Temperature to drop further over... The humidity will increase by late night and early morning. READ MORE CurrentRequestUnmodified: /apps/pbcs.dll/article?avis=KT&date=20201122&category=ARTICLE&lopenr=201129705&Ref=AR&profile=1011 macro_action: article, macro_profile: , macro_adspot:

module Denv class Status def initialize(container=nil) unless container.nil? @container = container @info = container.json else load_from_file end end def save_to_file f = File.open(StatusFileName, 'w') f.puts JSON.pretty_generate(@info) f.close end def load_from_file if File.exist?(StatusFileName) @info = open(StatusFileName) do |io| JSON.load(io) end true else false end end def container return @container unless @container.nil? if @info.nil? nil else begin @container = Docker::Container.get @info["Id"] rescue => e nil end end end def container_running? not container.nil? end def info @info end def delete File.delete StatusFileName end end end

Q: ASP.NET Core: FileNotFound Error when adding Scaffolded Item I tried adding a scaffolded item (Razor page using Entity Framework (CRUD)) under my Models folder following the MSDN tutorial and received the following issue: It specifies the file name but I'm not sure where to find the directory/folder. And even if I find the folder, I'm not sure what to do next. A: As in my response, the answer lies in the fact that it is actually the NuGet package found here: https://www.nuget.org/packages/Microsoft.VisualStudio.Web.CodeGeneration.Utils/ Right-clicking the projects, browsing for the NuGet package solves the issue.