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34445665 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rhizoconus | Rhizoconus | Rhizoconus is a subgenus of sea snails, marine gastropod mollusks in the genus Conus, family Conidae, the cone snails and their allies.
In the latest classification of the family Conidae by Puillandre N., Duda T.F., Meyer C., Olivera B.M. & Bouchet P. (2015), Rhizoconus has become a subgenus of Conus as Conus (Rhizoconus) Mörch, 1852 (type species: Conus miles Linnaeus, 1758 ) represented as Conus Linnaeus, 1758.
Species
Rhizoconus alisi (Moolenbeek, Röckel & Richard, 1995) represented as Conasprella alisi Moolenbeek, Röckel & Richard, 1995 (alternate representation)
Rhizoconus anosyensis (Bozzetti, 2008): synonym of Conus (Rhizoconus) anosyensis Bozzetti, 2008 represented as Conus anosyensis Bozzetti, 2008
Rhizoconus ardisiaceus (Kiener, 1845) represented as Conus ardisiaceus Kiener, 1845 (alternate representation)
Rhizoconus capitaneus (Linnaeus, 1758) represented as Conus capitaneus Linnaeus, 1758 (alternate representation)
Rhizoconus cumingii (Reeve, 1848) represented as Conus cumingii Reeve, 1848 (alternate representation)
Rhizoconus fumigatus (Hwass in Bruguière, 1792) represented as Conus fumigatus Hwass in Bruguière, 1792 (alternate representation)
Rhizoconus hyaena (Hwass in Bruguière, 1792) represented as Conus hyaena Hwass in Bruguière, 1792 (alternate representation)
Rhizoconus miles (Linnaeus, 1758) represented as Conus miles Linnaeus, 1758 (alternate representation)
Rhizoconus mustelinus (Hwass in Bruguière, 1792) represented as Conus mustelinus Hwass in Bruguière, 1792 (alternate representation)
Rhizoconus namocanus (Hwass in Bruguière, 1792) represented as Conus namocanus Hwass in Bruguière, 1792 (alternate representation)
Rhizoconus peli (Moolenbeek, 1996) represented as Conus peli Moolenbeek, 1996 (alternate representation)
Rhizoconus pertusus (Hwass in Bruguière, 1792) represented as Conus pertusus Hwass in Bruguière, 1792 (alternate representation)
Rhizoconus rattus (Hwass in Bruguière, 1792) represented as Conus rattus Hwass in Bruguière, 1792 (alternate representation)
Rhizoconus rawaiensis (da Motta, 1978) represented as Conus rawaiensis da Motta, 1978 (alternate representation)
Rhizoconus tirardi (Röckel & Moolenbeek, 1996) represented as Conus tirardi Röckel & Moolenbeek, 1996 (alternate representation)
Rhizoconus vexillum (Gmelin, 1791) represented as Conus vexillum Gmelin, 1791 (alternate representation)
Rhizoconus wilsi (Delsaerdt, 1998) represented as Conus wilsi Delsaerdt, 1998 (alternate representation)
The following species were brought into synonymy:
Rhizoconus advertex Garrard, 1961: synonym of Conus advertex (Garrard, 1961)
Rhizoconus hirasei Kuroda, 1956: synonym of Conus hirasei (Kuroda, 1956)
Rhizoconus kiicumulus Azuma, 1982: synonym of Conus kiicumulus (Azuma, 1982)
Rhizoconus kimioi Habe, 1965: synonym of Conasprella kimioi (Habe, 1965)
Rhizoconus klemae Cotton, 1953: synonym of Conus klemae (Cotton, 1953)
Rhizoconus nebulosus Azuma, 1973: synonym of Conus kiicumulus (Azuma, 1982)
Rhizoconus paradiseus Shikama, T., 1977: synonym of Conus barthelemyi Bernardi, 1861
Rhizoconus yoshioi Azuma, 1973: synonym of Conus sazanka Shikama, 1970
References
External links
To World Register of Marine Species
Conidae
Gastropod subgenera |
7548300 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/French%20Constitution%20of%201852 | French Constitution of 1852 | The French Constitution of 1852 was enacted on 14 January 1852 by Charles Louis Napoléon Bonaparte (Napoleon III). Slightly modified later that year, on 25 December 1852 the constitution became the basis for the creation of the Second French Empire.
Adoption
Louis Napoléon effectively brought an end to the Second French Republic by the coup d'état of 2 December 1851. The same day, he had posters issued that proclaimed to the French people (Appel au peuple) his desire to restore the "system created by the First Consul" — his uncle and inspiration Napoleon Bonaparte.
His coup was ratified by plebiscite on 22 and 23 December 1851. This vote was heavily rigged; 92 percent were announced as voting in favour. Backed by this strong success, he encouraged counsellors Rouher, Baroche and Troplong to quickly write the new constitution which was enacted on 14 January 1852.
The constitution was modified by the French Senate (by a "senatus-consulte") on 7 November 1852 to permit the re-establishing of the Empire, with the crown to be hereditary in Louis-Napoléon and his family. The amended document was approved in another heavily rigged plebiscite (97 percent voted yes). The Second Empire was proclaimed on 2 December 1852 and the Imperial Constitution was enacted on 25 December 1852, without any significant change to the 14 January constitution.
The Prince-President
The constitution rejected the Ancien Régime and the post-revolutionary restoration monarchies with census suffrage. It referred directly to the French Revolution – saying that it "recognizes, confirms and guarantees the principles proclaimed in 1789" – and especially to the First French Empire.
Louis Napoléon was persuaded that democracy needed to be incarnated in a man, and the Constitution of 1851 was a return to the democratic Caesarism of his uncle Napoléon Bonaparte. The regime was characterized by a strong personal power backed by universal suffrage; the French people remained "sovereign", and in this way the Second Empire was different from the earlier constitutional monarchies.
Division of powers
Personal government
The constitution extended the president's term to 10 years, with no term limits. Under the provisions of the constitution, Louis-Napoléon Bonaparte was automatically reelected to a fresh term as president.
The president was vested with sweeping executive and legislative powers. He was commander-in-chief of the armed forces, and had the powers of clemency and amnesty, as well as the ability to enact and sign treaties. He also appointed and dismissed governmental ministers and dissolved the Legislative Body.
He was assisted by the Council of State (Conseil d'État) which he controlled and presided, and whose job it was to write and support legislation.
Under Article 4 of the constitution, he could initiate, sign or veto any legislation or senate decree ("senatus-consulte").
In practice, so much power was concentrated in the president's hands that when the Second Empire was proclaimed, the only substantive changes were the replacement of the word "president" with the word "emperor," and the provision that the emperor's post was hereditary.
Weakened assemblies
The two French parliamentary assemblies were highly controlled and had limited powers.
The Corps législatif, or Legislative Body (the same name had been used for the lower house of the French legislature during the French Consulate and First French Empire from 1799–1814), comprised 260 deputies (representatives) elected for 6 years by direct universal suffrage, but gerrymandering of the election districts ("circonscriptions") and the system of "official candidates" favored partisans of the president/emperor. The Legislative Body could neither amend laws nor censure the actions of the ministers, and had no legislative autonomy, as its president and its rules were designated by the government.
The French Senate was composed of from 80 to 150 members appointed for life by the president. It had the right to issue decrees, or senatus-consulte, to modify institutions and to verify the constitutionality of laws.
Evolution towards a parliamentary regime
Over time, various decrees and the "senatus-consulte" modified the constitution and progressively increased the power of the assemblies. In 1860, Napoleon III permitted the Senate and Legislative Body to once again have the right to air their opinions and grievances on the acts of the government. In 1861, the Legislative Body began to publish its debates; in 1867 it gained the power to direct questions to the government; in 1869, it gained the power to initiate and amend legislation.
Timeline of French constitutions
See also
Constitution of France
French Parliament
Politics of France
History of France
Constitutions of France
1852 in law
1852 documents
1852 in France
Legal history of France |
45026252 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Temple%20of%20Madam%20Xian | Temple of Madam Xian | The Temple of Madam Xian () is a temple commemorating Lady Xian, located at Wenming Street, near the Eastern Gate of Gaozhou, Guangdong province, China. Madam Xian is revered as a symbol of unity and safety.
Lady Xian
Lady Xian was a prominent 6th-century military leader of the Baiyue people in the Lingnan region. She successively served three Chinese dynasties, namely the Liang, Chen, and Sui. She was granted the title Lady Kangjun by the Liang, Lady Shilong by the Chen, and Lady Qiaoguo by the Sui dynasty. Chinese Premier Zhou Enlai called her "The First Heroine of China" (中国巾帼第一人). Local residents called her the "Saintly Mother of Lingnan" (岭南圣母). Approximately 300 temples of Lady Xian are found in Maoming. The one at Wenming Street is one of the largest.
History and development
At the beginning of the Ming dynasty, the temple moved to its present location when the old Gaozhou County moved to the south where the current Gaozhou County is located. During the Ming dynasty, in 1535, the temple was rebuilt at Wenming Street at the Eastern Gate of Gaozhou County.
During the Qing dynasty, the temple was restored several times.
After the Chinese Civil War ended, the temple was converted for use as a kindergarten. This damaged the original temple.
During the 1980s, donors from various fields gave money for renovation.
In December 1990, the Cultural Relic's Management Committee of Guangdong Province sanctioned another renovation. The renovation started in August 1992, and was completed in December 1994.
In 2002, after Chinese Communist Party general secretary Jiang Zemin visited, he declared that the scale was not large enough and needed to be developed as the base of patriotism education. In response, the Gaozhou government expanded it and converted it for use in patriotism education.
In 2007, the People's Government of Guangdong Province awarded it the provincial unit of cultural relic protection.
In 2014, the Temple of Madam Xian was rated as a base of China's culture.
Layout
Its length is about 62.2 meters. The width is 13.2 meters, covering 826.3 square meters. Four pavilions extend from the longitudinal axis: a front hall, nave, main hall and back hall.
In the front hall, hung on the right and left walls, are paintings attributed to painters such as Yang Qiuxi. Peddlers sell incense, candles and souvenirs to pilgrims.
Between the front hall and the nave is a large patio with a stone boat, around which moss grows.
The nave hosts a horizontal board stating “Temple of Madam Xian”, scribed by Zhao Puchu. Hanging above in the middle of the nave is a large screen entitled "Birds paying homage to the phoenix". On the left and right walls are twelve pieces of vivid fresco. One of the frescoes depicts a picture of a shepherd boy playing with cattle. Below the frescoes are 10 pieces of stone inscriptions recording the feats of Madam Xian.
In the main hall are three statues of Madam Xian of different sizes. The biggest statue wears a phoenix coronet, flowery shoes and colorful clothes and is located in the north of the main hall. Two statues of her bodyguards are named Mulan and Cao’e. It is said that Mulan was in command of Madam Xian's sword, and Cao’e preserved her seal. This statue can be operated by pressing buttons. It can stand up, sit down and stretch out its arms so that the staff can change its clothes. Another statue depicts Madam Xian sitting in a spectacular chair between the biggest and smallest statues. The last and smallest statue is designed for parade because it is much easier to carry.
The back hall is the Temple of Feng Bao, the husband of Madam Xian. The statues of Madam Xian and Feng Bao are both placed there. Both of them are regarded as Gods of Hehe, the symbol of affectionate couples. Young couples pray in front of the two statues when they encounter relationship difficulties.
Aesthetic value
In addition to its red walls and green roof, craftsmen employed colored drawing, paste-on-paste decoration and carving to adorn it.
Almost all the colored drawings, most of which are about folktales, are frescoes. Each has its own theme. The frescoes in the eaves and walls of the nave were created in Ming or Qing dynasty, giving them historic as well as aesthetic value.
Paste-on-paste decoration is mostly used as the cresting of the roof. The crests are “double dragons plays with a ball”, “two carps jump across Longmen”, and “tales of Madam Xian” and reflect the traditional custom and distinctive culture.
The two types of carvings are stone and wood carvings. Stone carvings are mainly used to dot the stone pillars, while wood carvings are employed to make statues or wooden screens. Both embody the traditional arts of China.
Multiple examples of calligraphy and paintings offer high aesthetic value.
Significance
Ding Yangzhong, professor of Central Drama Academy in Beijing, wrote a couplet for Temple of Madam Xian: .In other words, Madam Xian was a human being, but what she did was beyond an ordinary human's ability. Because Madam Xian was a woman with extraordinary merit, people revere her, although they do not deify her.
References
Maoming
Temples in China
1535 establishments in China |
43669055 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2018%20Azerbaijani%20presidential%20election | 2018 Azerbaijani presidential election | Presidential elections were held in Azerbaijan on 11 April 2018.
The elections were the first since the 2016 constitutional referendum, which extended the presidential term from five to seven years. Incumbent President Ilham Aliyev was re-elected president for a seven-year term. The elections, which took place in an authoritarian context, were characterized as fraudulent. Major opposition parties were disqualified before the election. Eight candidates ran for the presidency, although there were doubts as to whether the opposition candidates were genuine candidates.
Background
Article 178 §1 of the electoral law sets the third Wednesday of October as the date for presidential elections, which would have meant the elections were held on 17 October 2018. However, the vote was unexpectedly brought forward by a presidential decree on 5 February 2018. Azerbaijan's Central Election Commission (CEC) held a poll on 1 February 2018 on the preparation and delivery of double cabins for the voting room.
Electoral system
The President of Azerbaijan is elected using the two-round system; if no candidate receives a majority of the vote in the first round, a run-off is held. Polls opened nationwide at 08:00 and closed at 19:00.
Candidates
Ilham Aliyev – incumbent President of Azerbaijan since 2003, chairman of the New Azerbaijan Party.
Razi Nurullayev – political analyst, former deputy chairman of Azerbaijani Popular Front Party.
Sardar Jalaloglu - politician, chairman of Azerbaijan Democratic Party. Previously ran for president in 2013.
Zahid Oruc - member of the Parliament of Azerbaijan since 2001. Former deputy chairman of Motherland Party. Ran for president in 2013 and placed 5th.
Hafiz Hajiyev – chairman of the Modern Equality Party, previously participated in the 2003, 2008 and 2013 elections.
Gudrat Hasanguliyev – member of the Parliament of Azerbaijan, chairman of the Whole Azerbaijan Popular Front Party. Previously participated in the 2003, 2008 and 2013 elections.
Araz Alizadeh – member of the Parliament of Azerbaijan, chairman of the Social Democratic Party of Azerbaijan. Previously participated in the 2013 presidential elections and finished seventh.
Faraj Guliyev – member of the Parliament of Azerbaijan, chairman of the National Revival Movement Party. Previously participated in the 2013 presidential elections and finished eighth.
The National Council of Democratic Forces (NCDF) decided to boycott the elections and intends to launch protests against the elections. Another organisation, the Republican Alternative Movement (REAL), also announced that it would not recognize the results of the elections, calling them as a "hasty and unjustified step". On 10 February the Musavat Party announced that it would also boycott the elections and its leader Isa Gambar would not run for president. The same day, another opposition party, the Party of Hope, also announced that they would not participate in the elections.
Conduct
The Organization for Security and Co-operation in Europe (OSCE) announced that the election was not free and fair. In a press conference the day after the election, the OSCE found that there was "widespread disregard for mandatory procedures, a lack of transparency, and numerous serious irregularities, including ballot box stuffing." Aliyev's supporters took to disrupting the press conference and accused the international observation mission of bias.
Polls
Opinion polls
A poll by ELS on 27 March found that 84.1% of respondents intended to vote for Aliyev. A poll by AJF & Associates on 28 March concluded that 82.9% or respondents intended to vote for Aliyev.
Exit polls
Results
References
Azerbaijan
Azerbaijan
Presidential election, 2018
April 2018 events in Europe
April 2018 events in Asia
Presidential elections in Azerbaijan |
6803843 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cynthia%20Cranz | Cynthia Cranz | Cynthia Cranz is an American voice actress who works for anime series at Funimation, Sound Cadence Studios, and OkraTron 5000. She is best known as the teenage adult voice of Chi-Chi in the Dragon Ball series, Botan in Yu Yu Hakusho, Pipimi in Pop Team Epic from Ep. 11A, Mitzi Nohara in Shin-chan, and Mitch Tennison in Case Closed.
Filmography
Anime
Ace Attorney - Sister Bikini (Season 2)
Aria the Scarlet Ammo - Landlady (Ep. 13 OVA)
B Gata H Kei - Ms. Akai
B't X - Karin, Gaku, Hokuto's Mother (Neo)
Barakamon - Emi Handa (Handa-kun spin-off series)
Bamboo Blade - Kirino's Mother (Ep. 16)
BECK: Mongolian Chop Squad - Koyuki's Mother
Beet the Vandel Buster - Arin
Big Windup! - Maria Momoe
Birdy the Mighty: Decode 02 - Takumi (Ep. 3)
Black Blood Brothers - Sayuka Shiramine (EP. 6)
Boogiepop and Others - Makiko’s Mom (Ep. 11)
Case Closed - Mitch Tennison, various
A Certain Scientific Railgun series - Head Resident
Chain Chronicle -The Light of Haecceitas- - Dilma (Ep. 4)
Chio's School Road - Momo's Homeroom Teacher
Citrus - Mineko Fuji
City Hunter: Shinjuku Private Eyes - Ai's Mother
Corpse Princess - Rika Aragami
D.Gray-man - Sarah (Ep. 29-30)
Darker than Black - Shizuka Isozaki (EP. 19-20)
Date A Live III - Shiizaki
Deadman Wonderland OVA - Hinata Mukai
The Devil Is a Part-Timer! - Miki Shiba
Dr. Stone - Alumi
Dragon Ball - Chi-Chi (Teen), various
Dragon Ball Z - Chi-Chi (Teen/Adult), various (as well as Kai series)
Dragon Ball GT - Chi-Chi
Dragon Ball Super - Chi-Chi, various
Dragonar Academy - Frieda Shelley
Dragonaut - The Resonance - Shelly (Ep. 6-8)
Eden of the East - Misae (Ep. 3)
Fafner in the Azure: Heaven and Earth - Yumiko Hino
Fruits Basket series - Tohru's Aunt, Kisa's Mother, Mii, Mitsuru (2019 series)
Fullmetal Alchemist series - Paninya
The Galaxy Railways - Liza (Ep. 10), Ine (Ep. 12)
Ghost Hunt - Noriko Morishita (Ep. 4-6)
Ghost in the Shell: Arise - Yoko Kitahara
Glass Fleet - Muscat
Gonna be the Twin-Tail!! - Emu Shindo
Gunslinger Girl series - Ferro
Heaven's Lost Property - Sohara's Mother
Hell Girl - Yuko (Ep. 11), Ryoko's Mother (Ep. 2)
High School DxD - Mira
Karneval - Nima
Kaze no Stigma - Toru (Ep. 7)
Kenichi: The Mightiest Disciple - Saori Shirahama
Kiddy Grade - Marianne
King of Thorn - Mallory Bridge
Kodocha - Hisae Kumagai
Linebarrels of Iron - Chisato Hayase
Lupin III: The Pursuit of Harimao's Treasure - Diana
Maria the Virgin Witch - Bonne (Ep. 1-2, 6-9)
Michiko & Hatchin - Joanna Belenbauza Yamada (Hana's Foster Mother, Ep. 1)
Mushishi - Biki's Mother (Ep. 2), Saku (Ep. 11)
Negima! series - Kū Fei
No-Rin - Hisako Nakazawa
Nobunagun - Ogura's Mother
Ōkami-san and her Seven Companions - Ringo's Mother (Ep. 9)
One Piece - Bellemère, Chi-Chi (Ep. 590), various
Peach Girl - Etsuko, Suzu
Phantom: Requiem for the Phantom - Kelly Reynolds (Ep. 4)
Ping Pong: The Animation - Emiko (Eps. 7, 10)
Pop Team Epic - Pipimi (Ep. 11a), Daichi's Mother (Ep. 1)
Princess Jellyfish - Chieko
Puzzle & Dragons X - Sidonia
Rideback - Kei Yoda
Rin ~Daughters of Mnemosyne - Yoko Todoroki
Romeo x Juliet - Benvolio's Mother, Hermione's Mother
Rosario + Vampire Capu2 - Tsurara Shirayuki (Mizore's Mother)
The Sacred Blacksmith - Justina Albright
Sakura Quest - Masami Nunobe (Ep. 12-13)
Save Me! Lollipop - School Nurse (Ep. 9)
School Rumble - Hanai's Mother (Ep. 13)
Shiki - Nao Yasumori
Shin-chan (Funimation dub) - Mitzi Nohara (Shin's Mother)
Soul Eater - Lisa
Space Dandy - Meow's Mother (Ep. 10)
Spiral: The Bonds of Reasoning - Reiko Hatsuyama
Star Blazers 2199 - Maki Kodai (Ep. 14)
Summer Wars - Rika Jinnouchi
Trinity Blood - Lilith Sahl (Ep. 24)
Tsubasa: Reservoir Chronicle - Kurogane's Mother (Ep. 40), Suwa (Ep. 41)
Tsukuyomi: Moon Phase - Shizuru (Hazuki's Mother)
Valkyrie Drive: Mermaid - Torino Kazami
Witchblade - Kyoko Sasaki (Ep. 24), Kei
Yurikuma Arashi - Reia Tsubaki
Yu Yu Hakusho - Botan
Video games
Case Closed: The Mirapolis Investigation - Mitch Tennison
Dragon Ball Z: Budokai - Chi-Chi
Dragon Ball Z: Budokai 3 - Chi-Chi
Dragon Ball Z: Budokai Tenkaichi 2 - Chi-Chi
Dragon Ball Z: Budokai Tenkaichi 3 - Chi-Chi
Dragon Ball Z: Harukanaru Densetsu - Chi-Chi
Dragon Ball Z: Kakarot - Chi-Chi
Monster Tale - Ethan
Spikeout: Battle Street - Additional voices
Super Dragon Ball Z - Chi-Chi
Dragon Ball FighterZ - Chi-Chi
Dragon Ball Legends - Chi-Chi
Yu Yu Hakusho: Dark Tournament - Botan
References
External links
20th-century American actresses
21st-century American actresses
American video game actresses
American voice actresses
Living people
Actresses from Texas
University of Mississippi alumni
People from Grapevine, Texas
Year of birth missing (living people) |
31107260 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The%20Organization%20Man | The Organization Man | The Organization Man is a bestselling book by William H. Whyte, originally published by Simon & Schuster in 1956.
Whyte's approach
While employed by Fortune Magazine, Whyte did extensive interviews with the CEOs of major American corporations such as General Electric and Ford. A central tenet of the book is that average Americans subscribed to a collectivist ethic rather than to the prevailing notion of rugged individualism. A key point made was that people became convinced that organizations and groups could make better decisions than individuals, and thus serving an organization became logically preferable to advancing one's individual creativity. Whyte felt this was counterfactual and listed a number of examples of how individual work and creativity can produce better outcomes than collectivist processes. He observed that this system led to risk-averse executives who faced no consequences and could expect jobs for life as long as they made no egregious missteps. He also thought that everyone should have more freedom.
Influence
According to Paul Leinberger and Bruce Tucker, the book is, "the most compelling portrait of middle-class Americans at midcentury and the starting point for all subsequent investigations of their legacy."
Deborah Popper and Frank Popper contend the book energized dissidents:
[The book] offered a new perspective on how post–World War II American society had redefined itself. Whyte’s 1950s America had replaced the Protestant ethic of individualism and entrepreneurialism with a social ethic that stressed cooperation and management: the individual subsumed within the organization. It was the age of middle management, what Whyte thought of as the rank and file of leadership, whether corporate, governmental, church, or university. [For those] of us who grew up in the 1950s....It formed our ideas about conformity, resistance to it, and the meaning of being part of an organization. The book and its title gave many of us reason to disparage the security the organization promised; that was for others but not for us.
The impact of Whyte's book complemented the fiction best seller of the period, The Man In The Gray Flannel Suit (1955) by Sloan Wilson in inspiring criticism that those Americans motivated to win World War II returned to ostensibly less-meaningful lives. Whyte's book led to deeper examinations of the concept of "commitment" and "loyalty" within corporations. According to Nathan Glazer, the book was hailed as a benchmark for American corporate culture. It gave concrete evidence to a watchword of the decade: “conformity.” Whyte identified what he claimed was a "major shift in American ideology" away from an individualistic Protestant Ethic.
In actual corporate practice, according to Robert C. Leonard and Reta D. Artz, personnel managers in the San Francisco Bay area generally preferred the organizational man over the individualist. However individualists were preferred in smaller companies, and those with college-educated personnel managers.
References
Further reading
Bell, Reginald, et al. "An examination of differences between the most influential management books of the 20th century and amazon best sellers." International Journal of Business Research and Information Technology 3.1 (2016): 35-78 online.
Hanson, Dallas, and Wayne O'Donohue. "William Whyte's 'The Organization man': A flawed central concept but a prescient narrative." Management Revue (2010): 95–104. online; also in JSTOR
Leinberger, Paul, and Bruce Tucker. The new individualists: The generation after the organization man (HarperCollins, 1991). Reanalysis of Whyte's raw data.
Leonard, Robert C. and Reta D. Artz. "Structural sources of organization man ideology," Human Organization (1969) 28#2 pp 110–118
Popper, Deborah E., and Frank J. Popper. " The Organization Man in the Twenty-first Century: An Urbanist View." in The Human Metropolis: People and Nature in the 21st-Century City (2006): 206–219. online.
Randall, Donna M. “Commitment and the Organization: The Organization Man Revisited.” Academy of Management Review, 12#3 (1987), pp. 460–71, online.
Thomson, Irene Taviss. "From conflict to embedment: the individual–society relationship, 1920–1991." Sociological Forum 12#4 (1997).
External links
Online copies of The Organization Man
The Organization Mad, a contemporary parody
1956 non-fiction books
Books about organizations
Simon & Schuster books |
15457493 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ouvrage%20Cap%20Martin | Ouvrage Cap Martin | Ouvrage Cap Martin is a work (gros ouvrage) of the Maginot Line's Alpine extension, the Alpine Line, also called the Little Maginot Line. The ouvrage, located on high ground in Roquebrune, consists of two artillery blocks and one combination block facing Italy. The ouvrage was at the southernmost end of the Alpine Line and overlooked the Mediterranean Sea coastline at an altitude of 21 meters between Nice and Menton, facing towards Italy. The ouvrage and its advance casemate at Pont Saint Louis controlled the coastal roads along the Mediterranean.
Description
The ouvrage was built between October 1930 and October 1933 by a contractor named Borie, at a cost of 17 million francs, of which 1.6 million francs were for property acquisition and 2,776,000 francs were for the fort's armament. Three observatories reported to Cap Martin.
Block 1 (entry): one FM embrasure, two machine gun cloches, one grenade launcher cloche, two 81mm mortars
Block 2: (bloc de barrage) one 75mm gun, two twin machine guns and one observation cloche. Block 2 covered the plain of Menton and supported the casemate at Pont Saint Louis. The block was damaged during the German retreat in 1944.
Block 3: (flanking block) two 75mm guns, 2 81mm mortars, 2 machine gun cloches. Block 3 covered the area between Cap Martin and Ouvrage Roquebrunne.
The fort is unusual for Alpine Line fortifications in possessing a circulation gallery some distance below the entrance and combat blocks, rising via steps and hoists to each block. This feature is more typical of the main Maginot Line in the northeast of France. The gallery was served by a network of railways of 60 cm gauge, pushed by the men. In the case of Cap Martin, the wagons were of a unique design.
Three observation posts are attached to Cap Martin, including the Observatoire du Cimitière de Roquebrune and the Abri Nord de Mont-Gros de Roquebrune.
History
Cap Martin was garrisoned by the 96th Brigade Alpin de Forteresse (BAF), supported by the 157th Régiment d'Artillerie de Position (RAP). The garrison comprised 343 men and 11 officers, commanded by Captain Jacques Hugard and Captain Paris. Cap Martin fired the first shots of the Italian confrontation on 14 June 1940, eight shots at the Pont-Saint-Louis bridge. The first overt Italian action took place on 20 June, when the Italians of the Cosseria Division attempted a frontal assault on the avant-post at Pont-Saint-Louis. Cap Martin opened fire, supported by Saint-Agnès and Mont Agel. On 21 June 1940 Italian artillery bombarded Cap Martin with 149mm and 210mm shells. The next day saw aerial bombing attacks on Cap Martin. An armored train attempting to enter French territory on the coastal line was fired upon by Mont Agel and damaged. Heavy Italian artillery fire damaged Cap Martin's 75mm gun in Block 2. A rumored Italian infantry attack prompted heavy French fire, but failed to materialize. On 24 June two armored trains, one with 120mm guns and another with 152mm guns, fired on Cap Martin in support of Italian troops advancing through Menton. The Italians occupied the surface of the fortification until they were fired upon by other French artillery and were forced to retreat. The Pont-Saint-Louis position forced the Italians to go around through a railroad tunnel, was relieved by French forces in the evening. The armistice of 25 June brought combat to a close.
On 15 August 1944 Allied forces landed on the French Riviera in Operation Dragoon. Retreating German troops blew up Cap Martin's Block 3 to prevent it from firing on their rear. The end of the war found Cap Martin's Blocks 2 and 3 heavily damaged. Because of the perceived threat of a Soviet invasion through northern Italy, the blocks were repaired by the early 1950s. Through the 1960s, interest and funding for the Maginot works declined, and Cap Martin was eventually sold.
Casemate du Pont Saint Louis
The Casemate du Pont Saint Louis was an advanced defensive work supported by Cap Martin and manned by the 96th BAF. It was the only fortification directly on the seacoast, located at the frontier between France and Italy, and was intended to block any advance along the coastal road. The CORF-designed post was equipped with a rolling anti-tank barrier, a 37mm anti-tank gun, and two twin machine guns.
The anti-tank gate was a rolling barrier which slid from a slot in a fortified concrete housing along the side of the road, forming a barrier some meters from the post's blockhouse. The road and post occupied a narrow shelf between a cliff and a steep slope to the sea. The gate housing included two small arms ports, while the blockhouse could cover the gate and the road beyond with its guns firing through embrasures in the heavy concrete guardpost. Tunnels in the cliff wall behind the post contained a magazine, living quarters, and an escape tunnel, like a Maginot ouvrage on a much smaller scale.
Status
The Casemate Pont Saint Louis was opened for public visits by the Association AMICORF in 1995. The main ouvrage was restored beginning in 1997 and was opened to the public in February 2008. Both Cap Martin and the Pont Saint Louis post are open during summer months.
See also
List of Alpine Line ouvrages
References
Bibliography
Allcorn, William. The Maginot Line 1928-45. Oxford: Osprey Publishing, 2003.
Kaufmann, J.E. and Kaufmann, H.W. Fortress France: The Maginot Line and French Defenses in World War II, Stackpole Books, 2006.
Kaufmann, J.E., Kaufmann, H.W., Jancovič-Potočnik, A. and Lang, P. The Maginot Line: History and Guide, Pen and Sword, 2011.
Mary, Jean-Yves; Hohnadel, Alain; Sicard, Jacques. Hommes et Ouvrages de la Ligne Maginot, Tome 1. Paris, Histoire & Collections, 2001.
Mary, Jean-Yves; Hohnadel, Alain; Sicard, Jacques. Hommes et Ouvrages de la Ligne Maginot, Tome 4 - La fortification alpine. Paris, Histoire & Collections, 2009.
Mary, Jean-Yves; Hohnadel, Alain; Sicard, Jacques. Hommes et Ouvrages de la Ligne Maginot, Tome 5. Paris, Histoire & Collections, 2009.
External links
Association AMICORF, preservation society for Cap Martin
Cap Martin (gros ouvrage) at fortiff.be
Pont Saint Louis (avant poste) at fortiff.be
CAPM
Maginot Line
Alpine Line
World War II museums in France |
70207221 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dietrich%20III%2C%20Bishop%20of%20M%C3%BCnster | Dietrich III, Bishop of Münster | Dietrich of Altena-Isenberg (circa 1196 – 18 July 1226), known as Dietrich III Bishop of Münster (1218–1226). He was closely involved in the preparations for the construction of St. Paul's Cathedral in Münster. On 22 July 1225, he laid the foundation stone for the Dom Church, "Neubau iuxta formam templi Marienfeldensis aedificanda".
Early life
Dietrich was the son of Count Arnold of Altena from his marriage to Mathilde of Cleve, daughter of Dietrich III, Count of Cleves and Adelheid of Sülzbach. Like his four younger brothers Engelbert, Philip, Bruno and Gottfried, Dietrich was destined for the church. In 1218 he succeeded the Bishop of Münster, Otto I of Oldenburg, after his death during the Fifth Crusade in Syria. In his period as bishop he was known as a mint lord. Dietrich laid the foundation stone for the completion of the new construction of the Saint Paul cathedral in Műnster on 22 July 1225. His role was abruptly cut short and continued by the chapter later that year, when his brother Frederick of Isenberg was involved in the death of their uncle Engelbert II of Berg, Archbishop of Cologne, on 27 November 1226, in Gevelsberg.
Rome trip
Dietrich left on 1 January 1226 accompanied by prelates and three abbots of his diocese, his brother Engelbert, Bishop of Osnabrück and the Bishop of Minden on his way to Liège. A trial was held there on 2 February 1226, in which he and Engelbert had to defend themselves against the charge of complicity. A commotion led to the referral of the matter to the Pope. Dietrich and Engelbert set out for Rome on 23 February 1226. On 30 April 1226, while they were still on their way back, it was already known in Cologne that the Pope had confirmed their dispensation as bishop. Dietrich died on 18 July 1226 while still on the return journey. His successor was Bishop Ludolf of Holte. Dietrich’s brother Engelbert was later rehabilitated and in 1239 again became Bishop of Osnabrück. Their brother Bruno, Bishop of Osnabruck succeeded him in 1250.
Literature
Die Bistümmer Der Kirchprovinz Köln. Max Planck Institut. Report: Walter De Gruyter-Berlin-New York. Neu Folge 17.1 Wilhelm Kohl 1987. Das Bistum Münster 4.1
Das Domstrift St. Paulus zu Münster. Neu Folge 17.2 Wilhelm Kohl 1982.
Das Bistum Münster 4.2 .
Das Domstrift St. Paulus zu Münster. Neu Folge 17.3 Wilhelm Kohl 1989.
Das Bistum Münster 4.3 .
Das Domstrift St. Paulus zu Münster. Das Bistum Münster 6. Klaus Scholz 1995.
Das Stift Alter Dom St. Paulus zu Münster Tibus Adolph, Das Grab Bischof Dietrichs 111. d.o.b.
Grafen von Isenbu(e)rg im Dom zu Munster. 1886; Ergänzungen dazu: Vaterländ G 51. 1893 T. 1 S.181-185
Sources
WestfUB Die Urkunden des kölnischen Westfalens vom Jahre 1200-1300, Münster 1908 Westfällisches urkundenbuch 3 und 7.
Counts of Limburg Hohenlimburg Of Limburg, H. 2016. Counts of Limburg Hohenlimburg & Broich. Printing house: Pro-Book Utrecht 2016.
Wisplinghoff, E. (1961) Engelbert I von Berg, Erzbischof von Köln 1182-1225. Rhenish life picture. Band 1. Düsseldorf 1961
Wevelinkhoven WXXYI THIDERIGUS nobilis, the Ysenborch. Florenz von Wevelinkhoven's Chronik der Bischöfe von Münster mit der Fortsetzung eines Ungenannten und den Zusätzen der Mönche von Marienfeld. 1424
OsnabUB 4 Osnabrücker Urkundenbuch Bd.4.Philippi, F. M.Bar Osnabrück 1892-1902.
Westfälische Zeitschrift 107, 1957 / Internet-Portal "Westfälische Geschichte" URL: http://www.westfaelische-zeitschrift.lwl.org
References
1190s births
1226 deaths
Year of birth uncertain
Roman Catholic bishops of Münster
13th-century German Roman Catholic bishops
Place of birth missing |
64816808 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Business-firm%20party | Business-firm party | A business-firm party, entrepreneurial party, or personal party is a type of political party that is centered on a charismatic political entrepreneur, most often created by that person to further their own interests.
Definition
It can be considered "the most extreme case of party personalization, consisting in the full control by an individual leader of the party he has himself created", in the words of political scientist Mauro Calise. A business-firm party is modeled off the top-down organizational structure of a corporation as opposed to operating on the basis of internal party democracy. The party structure is related to the older type of elite party, but is even more strongly oligarchic in form, as the political entrepreneur maintains complete control of the party's assets. The entrepreneur controls all aspects of the party's platform and campaigning, plays the ultimate role in selecting candidates to run in elections, managing the party's resources, and wielding party discipline over other politicians in the party.
One characteristic distinguishing them from other parties is that the party organization is either dormant or limited outside of campaign seasons, and members are actively discouraged from becoming more involved in the party, therefore leading entrepreneurial parties to lack grassroots capacity. Entrepreneurial parties may have only one member, the party leader (as in the case of Party for Freedom or the Ticino League), or very few aside from politicians. The Party for Freedom initially did not recruit members out of fear of infiltration by the far-right; later, deputy leader Martin Bosma said that a party membership structure interfered with direct accountability between party leadership and voters. In a completely memberless business-firm party, volunteers, donors, and officeholders invest time, money, and their reputation (if the party is controversial) without any formal say in the party's operations.
Causes and effects
More monocratic systems of government, such as presidential systems, tend to encourage the formation of personal parties while the personalization of politics fuels the centralization of power. Entrepreneurial parties tend to be short-lived and rarely outlast their founders, except where the entrepreneur is successful in using his charisma to build a mass-membership party, as in the case of the Finns Party. Due to the lack of grassroots mobilization, leader-oriented parties may be less successful in local and regional politics, which are more distant from the charismatic leader, as occurred with ANO 2011 and Forza Italia.
Entrepreneurial parties are commonly far-right, nationalist, and/or populist. However, another tendency is not to have a firm ideology and instead closely follow opinion polls while being vague or self-contradictory on the party's standpoint. Tatiana Kostadinova and Barry Levitt argue that in a personalist party, "interactions between the leader and other politicians are driven mainly by loyalty to that leader rather than, for example, organizational rules, ideological affinities, or programmatic commitments". Business-firm parties are likely to emerge in new democracies and in situations of high electoral volatility. They may also result from declines in political participation and membership in traditional parties. In central Europe, entrepreneurial parties have formed as a type of state capture where state powers are used for private benefit. Entrepreneurial parties are especially common in Latin America.
Constitutionality
The Basic Law for the Federal Republic of Germany requires that political parties "conform to democratic principles" in their internal organization. When the Socialist Reich Party was banned in 1952, the Federal Constitutional Court's judgement stated: "If a party's internal organization does not correspond to democratic principles, one may generally conclude that the party seeks to impose upon the state the structural principles that it has implemented within its own organization." The constitutions of Portugal, Spain, Argentina, and Turkey include similar provisions. Israeli jurist argues that non-democratically organized parties are undesirable because "There is a greater likelihood of the pursuit of nondemocratic goals in parties that have a nondemocratic structure."
Examples
Asia
Indonesia
Perindo (Hary Tanoesoedibjo)
Israel
Hatnua (Tzipi Livni)
Hayamin Hahadash, Yamina (Naftali Bennett)
Kachol Lavan, Israel Resilience Party, Hamachane Hamamlachti (Benny Gantz)
Kulanu (Moshe Kahlon)
Yesh Atid (Yair Lapid)
Yisrael Beiteinu (Avigdor Lieberman)
Thailand
Thai Rak Thai Party (Thaksin Shinawatra)
Turkey
Rights and Equality Party (Osman Pamukoğlu)
Young Party (Cem Uzan)
Africa
Lesotho
Revolution for Prosperity under Sam Matekane's leadership
Europe
Austria
Freedom Party of Austria under Jörg Haider's leadership
Team Stronach for Austria (Frank Stronach)
Belgium
Lijst Dedecker (Jean-Marie Dedecker)
Czech Republic
Public Affairs (Vít Bárta)
ANO 2011 (Andrej Babiš)
Dawn of Direct Democracy (Tomio Okamura)
Freedom and Direct Democracy (Okamura)
Finland
Finns Party
France
National Rally (Marine Le Pen}
Hungary
Fidesz (Viktor Orbán)
Italy
Forza Italia (Silvio Berlusconi)
Popolo della Libertà (Berlusconi)
Italy of Values (Antonio Di Pietro)
Lithuania
Labour Party (Viktor Uspaskich)
Netherlands
Pim Fortuyn List (Pim Fortuyn)
Party for Freedom (Geert Wilders)
Norway
Progress Party (Anders Lange)
Poland
Modern (Ryszard Petru)
Kukiz'15 (Paweł Kukiz)
Palikot Movement (Janusz Palikot)
Romania
People's Party – Dan Diaconescu (Dan Diaconescu)
Serbia
Strength of Serbia Movement (Bogoljub Karić)
Slovakia
We Are Family (Boris Kollár)
Ordinary People and Independent Personalities (Igor Matovič)
Freedom and Solidarity (Richard Sulík)
Spain
Union of the Democratic Centre (Adolfo Suárez)
Switzerland
Ticino League (Giuliano Bignasca)
Oceania
Australia
Tasmanian Independent Senator Brian Harradine Group (Brian Harradine)
John Madigan's Manufacturing and Farming Party
Katter's Australian Party (Bob Katter)
Palmer United Party (Clive Palmer)
Glenn Lazarus Team (Glenn Lazarus)
Jacqui Lambie Network (Jacqui Lambie)
South America
Peru
Cambio 90 (Alberto Fujimori)
Sí Cumple (Fujimori)
Peru 2000 (Fujimori)
See also
Authoritarian leadership style
Trumpism
References
Further reading
Ethically disputed political practices
Types of political parties |
41610950 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hanger%20Wood | Hanger Wood | Hanger Wood is an ancient woodland and Site of Special Scientific Interest (SSSI) in the parish of Stagsden, Bedfordshire in the United Kingdom. Situated approximately one kilometre east of the village of Stagsden, the woodland was declared a SSSI in 1988, being described by Natural England as "one of the best remaining examples of wet ash-maple woodland in Bedfordshire".
The name "Hanger" comes from Old English/Anglo-Saxon term for "wood on a hill" or "wooded hill", applied to Hanger Wood due to its situation on a northwest-facing slope of a narrow ridge. Commenting on the wood's character, A. Simco said in 1984 that "It has been strongly influenced by the geology and topography of the area, particularly by the south-west/north-east boulder clay ridge along which the parish boundary runs."
There is currently no public access to Hanger Wood.
History
Before the construction of Stagsden Golf Course, which lies directly to the west of the wood, trial excavations uncovered several features that were evidence of a late Iron Age and Romano-British settlement: a ditch-surrounded enclosure was found, along with pits, gullies, a possible hearth, pottery and an animal burial. Cropmarks showing two rectilinear enclosures north-east of Hanger Wood and adjacent to the parish boundary with Kempston Rural could also be seen; these probably had similar Iron Age or Romano-British origin.
The woodland was cleared to a great extent through the Iron Age and Romano-British periods; before clearance the natural vegetation had been woodland. In medieval times Hanger Wood was managed through a common field system, which persisted till the 19th century. The wood is referred to as early as the year 1200, in the Middle Ages, Hanger Wood provided timber and underwood for Stagsden. Hanger Wood's antiquity is shown by the rich and diverse number of species, an indicator of ancient woodland, and by its sinewy boundaries, especially at the south-western end of the wood. The south-east boundary is of special historical interest, due to its location along the line of a boundary that is ancient and possibly even pre-historic.
The parish of Stagsden was enclosed in 1838, leading to a large re-organization of the previous field boundaries, although some evidence of the old system still persists.
Site of Special Scientific Interest
Described by Natural England as a Site of Special Scientific Interest having "one of the best remaining examples of wet ash-maple woodland in Bedfordshire", Hanger Wood is an ancient semi-natural woodland that retains characteristics of its coppice-with-standards historic management regime; the wood is located on poorly drained soils of boulder clay and was notified as an SSSI in 1988 under the Wildlife and Countryside Act 1981. Hanger Wood's canopy is dominated by mature penduculate oak (Quercus robur) and ash (Fraxinus excelsior) standards, with midland hawthorn (Crataegus laevigata) as well as hazel (Corylus avellana) coppice dominating the shrub layer. Wayfaring tree (Viburnum lantana) and spindle (Euonymus europaeus) are largely restricted to the margins of the wood, whilst blackthorn (Prunus spinosa) can be found forming dense thickets.
The ground flora is dominated by bluebell (Hyacinthoides non-scripta) and dog's mercury (Mercurialis perennis), whilst in drier areas bramble (Rubus fruticosus) can be found. Supported by the wood's rides, plants of marshy grassland communities are found, such as false fox-sedge (Carex otrubae), angelica (Angelica sylvestris), valerian (Valeriana officinalis), meadowsweet (Filipendula ulmaria) and pendulous sedge (Carex pendula). Other plants common only in ancient woodlands that are also found in Hanger Wood include herb paris
(Paris quadrifolia, a species uncommon in Bedfordshire), wood millet (Milium effusum), wood melick (Melica uniflora), yellow archangel (Lamiastrum galeobdolon), wood anemone (Anemone nemorosa) and wood sedge
(Carex sylvatica).
See also
List of Sites of Special Scientific Interest in Bedfordshire
References
Sites of Special Scientific Interest in Bedfordshire
Sites of Special Scientific Interest notified in 1988
Forests and woodlands of Bedfordshire
Ancient woods in England |
70818215 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/William%20F.%20Conger | William F. Conger | William Frame Conger (March 5, 1844November 17, 1918) was an American businessman and Republican politician from the state of Wisconsin. He was a member of the Wisconsin State Senate, representing Sauk and western Columbia counties in the 1895 and 1897 sessions.
Biography
William F. Conger was born in Bloomfield, New Jersey, in March 1844, and was raised and educated in the public schools in Bloomfield and New York City.
At age 18, he enlisted for service in the Union Army during the American Civil War and was enrolled in the 7th New York Infantry Regiment. He served until the end of his term, in 1864, and then moved to the state of Wisconsin. He remained only briefly before re-enlisting with a Wisconsin regiment, and was enrolled as a sergeant in the 42nd Wisconsin Infantry Regiment. He remained with the 42nd Wisconsin Infantry until the end of the war and was acting sergeant major of the regiment for part of his service.
Back in Wisconsin, he worked as a clerk in Prairie du Sac until 1871, when he went into business as a wool dealer, which remained his primary occupation for the rest of his life.
Politically, Conger was a member of the Republican Party. He was the Republican candidate for Wisconsin State Assembly in Sauk County's 1st Assembly district in 1890, but was defeated in the general election by Democrat Thomas William English. He was then a delegate to the 1892 Republican National Convention, which re-nominated Benjamin Harrison.
In 1894, he ran again for state legislature as the Republican candidate for Wisconsin State Senate in the 27th State Senate district. At the time, the district contained all of his native Sauk County as well as the western half of Columbia County. In the general election, he defeated Democrat Evan W. Evans, receiving 55% of the vote.
Conger served in the 1895 and 1897 sessions of the Senate. He sought renomination for another term in 1898 but faced an intense contest. In the 1896 redistricting, his district had expanded to include all of Columbia County. Due to the redistricting, the Republican Party organizations in Columbia and Sauk held separate nominating conventions for the 27th Senate district seat, with Sauk nominating Conger and Columbia nominating A. J. Turner. The two delegations refused to compromise and choose a consensus nominee. A lawsuit ensued, in which Wisconsin circuit judge Robert G. Siebecker ruled that both candidates were entitled to appear on the ballot. With the court unable to resolve the dispute, a new convention was called for the delegates to choose a consensus nominee. Conger and Turner, however, remained determined to deny the nomination to one another. After a contentious debate and 100 ballots, the delegates eventually chose a compromise candidate—William G. Bissell—as their nominee.
After leaving office, he received an appointment as Rural Free Delivery inspector from the United States Postal Service, and was then promoted to superintendent for the southern division, working from the division headquarters in Nashville, Tennessee, for five years until resigning in 1906.
After retiring from federal employment, he returned to Prairie du Sac. He became totally blind a year later, in 1907, after he mistakenly drank a flask of wood alcohol, which he had mistaken as medicine. The anecdote about his blinding was widely reported around the state.
He subsequently moved to Pasadena, California, where he died in the fall of 1918.
Personal life and family
Conger married twice. His first wife was Helen Garvin, with whom he had at least two sons. After her death in 1899, he married Caroline "Carrie" Petway of Tennessee.
Electoral history
Wisconsin Assembly (1890)
| colspan="6" style="text-align:center;background-color: #e9e9e9;"| General Election, November 4, 1890
Wisconsin Senate (1894)
| colspan="6" style="text-align:center;background-color: #e9e9e9;"| General Election, November 6, 1894
References
External links
1844 births
1918 deaths
People from Bloomfield, New Jersey
People from Prairie du Sac, Wisconsin
Republican Party Wisconsin state senators
People of Wisconsin in the American Civil War
People of New York (state) in the American Civil War
Union Army soldiers
Burials in Wisconsin |
153054 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Long%20Distance%20Call | Long Distance Call | "Long Distance Call" is episode 58 of the American television anthology series The Twilight Zone. It originally aired on March 31, 1961, on CBS. In the episode, a 5-year-old boy named Billy communicates with his dead grandmother using a toy telephone that she gave him on his birthday. It was one of the six episodes of the second season which was shot on videotape in a short-lived experiment aimed to cut costs.
Opening narration
The narration begins a few minutes into the episode:
Plot
Billy's beloved grandmother visits for his fifth birthday party, despite being deathly frail. She gives the boy a toy telephone, telling him that he can always talk to her on it. She then becomes gravely weak and delusional, failing to recognize her son Chris and imagining that Billy is her son instead, before dying.
Billy's parents, especially his mother Sylvia, become concerned when he spends all his time on the toy telephone talking to his grandmother. He says that she tells him she is lonely and misses him. While the parents are at her funeral, Billy runs out in front of a car. The driver, who barely manages to swerve out of the way, reports that Billy said someone told him to do it. When his father asks him why he did it, Billy says he does not know. Chris tries to explain that Grandma has died, and asks that he not use the toy phone in front of his mother. He discusses with Sylvia how his mother had two children before him, both of whom died, which is why she was so attached to him and especially Billy, who reminded her of Chris and helped her forget years of loss.
That night, Sylvia is awakened by the sound of Billy talking and laughing. Going to his room, she grabs the phone out of his hands, but is shocked when she hears Grandma on it and drops it; inadvertently breaking it in the process. Upset, Billy runs out of the room. Chris and Sylvia look for him, and are horrified to find him face down in their garden pool.
An ambulance attendant informs the parents that Billy's chances are not good. Chris goes upstairs to Billy's room, picks up the toy phone, and begs his mother to give Billy back and allow him to experience life. He pleads that if she really loves him, she will let him live. Downstairs, the attendants' efforts to revive Billy succeed, and when Chris joins them, he and Sylvia embrace, relieved.
Closing narration
Production
As The Twilight Zones second season began, the production was informed by CBS that at about $65,000 per episode, the show was exceeding its budget. By November 1960, 16 episodes, more than half of the projected 29, were already filmed, and five of those had been broadcast. It was decided that six consecutive episodes (production code #173-3662 through #173-3667) would be videotaped at CBS Television City in the manner of a live drama and then transferred to 16-millimeter film for future syndicated TV transmissions. Eventual savings amounted to only about $30,000 for all six entries, which was judged to be insufficient to offset the loss of depth of visual perspective that only film could offer. The shows wound up looking little better than set-bound soap operas and as a result the experiment was deemed a failure and never tried again. "Long Distance Call" was the last of these six episodes to be aired.
The episode originated as a spec script by Maxwell Sanford entitled "Party Line" that was submitted to the producers via Sanford's friend, Richard Matheson (who in 1953 had written an unrelated short story titled "Long Distance Call," about a woman who receives mysterious telephone calls from a cemetery). Charles Beaumont offered to undertake revisions and ended up taking a joint credit on-screen with a Bill Idelson instead. Sanford, (full name Maxwell Sanford Miller) was also an entertainment attorney and he successfully contested the credit through the Writers Guild. Thereafter the writing credit was changed on some prints in strip syndication to Maxwell Sanford. According to Martin Grams Jr in his book on the series, the episode was subject to at least two separate plagiarism claims regarding the authorship.
See also
List of The Twilight Zone (1959 TV series) episodes
References
DeVoe, Bill. (2008). Trivia from The Twilight Zone. Albany, GA: Bear Manor Media.
Grams, Martin. (2008). The Twilight Zone: Unlocking the Door to a Television Classic. Churchville, MD: OTR Publishing.
External links
1961 American television episodes
The Twilight Zone (1959 TV series season 2) episodes
Television shows written by Charles Beaumont
Television episodes about ghosts |
11548715 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/John%20Ward%20%28broadcaster%29 | John Ward (broadcaster) | John H Ward (April 22, 1930 – June 20, 2018) was an American sportscaster, best known as the radio play-by-play broadcaster for the University of Tennessee (UT), primarily from 1965 until 1999, and known to fans as the "Voice of the Vols".
Background
Ward grew up in South Knoxville. His father, Herschel, was principal at the Tennessee School for the Deaf, and interpreted radio broadcasts of Vols football games for students. John later described his father as "a great communicator, much better than I ever was." John graduated from Knoxville High School in 1948, and graduated from University of Tennessee-Knoxville with a degree in Political Science in 1952.
He earned a law degree in 1954 at the University of Tennessee College of Law. Rather than practicing law, he decided to go into radio and advertising. Ward's first broadcast of a university basketball game for the Vol Network came in 1958. (Under the leadership of football coach Robert Neyland, sports broadcasting rights had been taken in-house.)
Shortly thereafter, Ward joined the army.
After returning to Knoxville, Ward went to work at the Lavidge and Davis advertising agency. In 1964 he began handling the duties as announcer-host-coordinator for University of Tennessee coaches' television shows in football and basketball. His broadcasting career blossomed when he became the Vols' radio play-by-play voice, first, for basketball in 1965 and three years later for football (1968). The first Tennessee football game for John was scheduled on September 14, 1968, with Tennessee against Georgia in Knoxville where the game ended in a tie 17-17. The season was successful for coach Doug Dickey (8-2-1) but Tennessee lost in the January 1, 1969, Cotton Bowl 36-13 to Texas.
Ward was a brother of the Lambda chapter of Kappa Sigma at the University of Tennessee.
Career
In addition to his duties with the Vol Network, Ward covered events for ABC-TV and ESPN. For his entire tenure as the voice of Vol football, his color commentator was former Vols tight end Bill Anderson. They were the longest-running broadcasting partnership in college football at the time.
For most of his tenure as the Vols' radio voice, he could be heard across much of the eastern half of North America on Nashville's WLAC, a 50,000-watt clear-channel station.
Among Ward's trademark calls:
"It's football time in Tennessee!": How he began each broadcast of a Volunteer football game
"Give ... him ... SIX! TOUCHDOWN TENNESSEE!": His normal touchdown call. He often prefaced this by counting runners toward the goal line with "Four, three, two, one..."
"Did he make it? HE MADE IT!": After a made field goal
"BOTTOM!": After a made basket in basketball.
After the 1998–99 football and basketball seasons, in which the Volunteers won the National Championship in football, Ward and Anderson retired, and were replaced by Bob Kesling and Tim Priest, respectively. In his final season as "Voice of the Vols," UT named the fourth level of the East Skybox at Neyland Stadium "The John Ward Broadcast Center." Ward's final football broadcast was the 1999 Fiesta Bowl, the first BCS national championship. Tennessee defeated Florida State to win its second undisputed national championship.
Earlier in that season, Ward called Tennessee's last-second victory over Florida, in which a missed Gator field goal gave the Vols their first win over the Gators in eight years.
His final basketball broadcast for the Vols came in the second round of the 1999 NCAA men's tournament, with Tennessee's loss to Southwest Missouri State University on March 21.
In later years, Ward still did some commercial radio advertisements and public service announcements heard statewide.
The John Ward Broadcast Center in Ward's honor in 1995. Ward is a member of the Tennessee Sports Hall of Fame.
In 1998, Kenny Chesney recorded a promotional single in tribute of Ward's retirement that same year, titled "Touchdown Tennessee".
Personal life
John Ward married Barbara Mae Tallent on Saturday, December 23, 1961, at the First Christian Church in Knoxville, Tennessee. (The Knoxville Journal (Knoxville, Tennessee)25 Dec 1961, Page 6). John and Barbara never had children. In 1994, they donated an estimated $2 million to the UT athletics department. Barbara died July 20, 2017, following a traffic accident.
Death
Ward died on June 20, 2018, at the age of 88. John is buried at Berry Highland Memorial Cemetery, Knoxville, Knox County, Tennessee, next to his wife Barbara.
References
1930s births
Date of birth missing
2018 deaths
Atlanta Falcons announcers
Tennessee Volunteers basketball announcers
Tennessee Volunteers football announcers
College football announcers
College basketball announcers in the United States
University of Tennessee alumni
United States Football League announcers |
55275966 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cash%20Luna | Cash Luna | Carlos Enrique Luna Arango, popularly known as Cash Luna (born 4 March 1962), is a Guatemalan televangelist and faith healer who is the founder and pastor of the Casa de Dios, one of the largest megachurches in Latin America.
Early life
Cash Luna was born into a Catholic household. His parents divorced when he was young and he grew up with his mother. At age 20, Luna became a born-again Christian. He studied at the Universidad Francisco Marroquín, where he graduated with cum laude honors and holds a bachelor's degree in Information Systems Management.
Casa de Dios
Luna and his wife, Sonia de Luna, founded the Casa de Dios church in Guatemala City in 1994. The church is today one of the largest growing congregations in Guatemala, with a claimed 25,000 in weekly attendance. In April 2013, a massive new church complex was unveiled with an area of 270,000 square meters and the capacity to fit 12,000 worshipers at a time.
Influence and legacy
Luna is well known for his televangelism and presence on social media. His Facebook account had a million and a half fans as of 2015. In addition to his large congregation in Guatemala, Luna has a significant number of followers and fans in Mexico as well among Hispanic Americans in the United States. Luna is well known for his creative methods of preaching, one time riding into church on a motorcycle. He is also considered one of the more influential preachers of the prosperity gospel in Latin America.
In 2013, Luna was presented with an award by the then-Guatemalan President Otto Pérez Molina (PP). Pérez stated that Luna had provided an example of what Guatemalans could achieve through faith and working together. He also applauded Luna's efforts to end violence and drug abuse. During the 2015 Guatemalan general election, Luna was a strong supporter of candidate Jimmy Morales (FCN), who later won the election. Morales, who is a devout evangelical Christian, had strong support from Luna and other evangelical pastors. During his presidency, Morales visited the Casa de Dios on multiple occasions.
False reports of death
In August 2017, rumors started spreading on social media that Luna had died after a prolonged absence. He later rebuked these rumors on his Instagram page, stating that he was "alive and kicking".
Criticism
Luna has been criticized for his faith healing activities and amassed wealth. In June 2014, Luna staged a faith healing event in Villahermosa, Mexico where he claimed that the blind would see, the deaf would hear, and the disabled would walk out of their wheelchairs. Despite initially promoting the event as being free, attendees were charged 500 pesos to the event. Luna ended up making a profit of 15 million pesos from the event (roughly about 1 million USD at the time).
The same event was also highly controversial because of the death of Nancy Hernández Álvarez. Nancy's parents, inhabitants of Chiapas, had brought their disabled daughter to the service in hope that she would be healed. During the service, Nancy was brought up to Luna who proclaimed her healed of her ailments while the crowd applauded what they perceived as a miracle. Shortly afterwards, however, Nancy suffered from a heart attack and died the following day. Luna refused to admit that his healing had not worked, saying that God had created Nancy and it was God who called her back.
In December 2018, Guatemalan authorities ordered an investigation into Luna over alleged links with Marllory Chacon, a convicted drug trafficker. According to accusations listed in a report by Univision, Chacon, who was sentenced to twelve years in prison in 2015 in the U.S., was given money by Luna, who allegedly knew about her drug-related activity. On 5 June 2019, Luna's attorney Charles Harder announced that his client was filling a lawsuit against Univision for what they alleged were false allegations.
References
External links
1962 births
Living people
People from Guatemala City
Universidad Francisco Marroquín alumni
Evangelical pastors
Guatemalan clergy
Guatemalan evangelicals
Television evangelists
Faith healers
Prosperity theologians
Former Roman Catholics |
3867255 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Stories%20%28band%29 | Stories (band) | Stories was an American early 1970s rock and pop music band based in New York. The band consisted of keyboardist Michael Brown, bassist/vocalist Ian Lloyd, guitarist Steve Love, and drummer Bryan Madey, and had a Number 1 hit with a cover of Hot Chocolate's "Brother Louie."
Band history
Ian Lloyd (born Lloyd Buonconsiglio, 1947, Seattle) and Michael Brown (b. Michael Lookofsky, April 25, 1949, Brooklyn) were introduced by their fathers, Peter Buonconsiglio and Harry Lookofsky, two old friends who had worked together for years as session violinists. Lloyd had been singing for years and had attracted local notice recording as Lloyd London. Brown had already experienced substantial mainstream success, having led and performed with his group The Left Banke, which had made the U.S. charts with the Brown-penned singles "Walk Away Renee" (No. 5, 1966) and "Pretty Ballerina" (No. 15, 1967).
The two set about becoming a Beatlesque band. They recruited New Yorkers Steve Love and Brian Madey and located an interested record label in Kama Sutra. A self-titled album and a single – "I'm Coming Home" (No. 42, 1972) – followed.
Afterward, the band started work on their second LP with producer Eddie Kramer, About Us (1973). After the album's release, Brown left the band to pursue another project.
About Us did relatively well, but it did not initially include the group's new single, "Brother Louie." The song about a black woman and her white boyfriend had been a UK hit for Hot Chocolate earlier that year. (The group's soon-to-be new bassist, Kenny Aaronson, was responsible for the Motown-like bass line that helped give the song its funky character.) Once issued as the Stories' fifth single, it became a big hit, reaching No. 1 in the United States. It spent two weeks at No. 1 and remained in the Billboard chart for 18 weeks, with an R.I.A.A. gold disc awarded on August 22, 1973.
A new version of the LP was issued which did include the hit single, and the album proceeded to sell well. In some cases, old copies of the LP which did not include the single were shipped inside album covers that did list the single.
Lloyd did remain with Stories for one more album – Traveling Underground (1973) before leaving the group. Bassist Kenny Aaronson (b. April 14, 1952, Brooklyn) (formerly of Dust), who had performed bass on the "Brother Louie" cover, and keyboardist Ken Bichel (b. 1945, Detroit) stepped in to fill the void. The new group made the Billboard Hot 100 with "Mammy Blue" (No. 50, 1973) and "If It Feels Good, Do It" which was a cover of a song by the band Climax (No. 88, 1974). Before the group's break-up, Love left and was replaced by Richie Ranno.
Lloyd has since recorded several solo albums and done studio work for Foreigner, Fotomaker, and Peter Frampton. Lloyd was also one of the first artists to perform songs written by Bryan Adams that Adams would later record himself, which led to the 1984 formation of Fast Forward, which included Lloyd and several other persons directly or indirectly associated with Adams. The resulting album, Living in Fiction, featured several of Adams' songs. Brown went on to form The Beckies, another Beatlesque band. Love reappeared in the early 1980s as Landscape. Madey, after a two album stay with the Earl Slick Band, provided accompaniment for Peggy Lee. Aaronson has remained busy. He was co-founder (with Carmine Appice's brother Vinnie) of Axis, and he did sessions for Hall & Oates, Billy Squier, ex-Mountain Leslie West, Foghat, Bob Dylan, Tom Guerra, and Rick Derringer. Bichel has done session work, and so has Love. Ranno found later success as a member of Starz.
Raven Records released Stories and About Us on a single CD, including the bonus track "Another Love" (for its time a fairly suggestive song about bisexuality), being the last single by the group, released in 1974.
Their cover of "Brother Louie" is used as the theme song for the American TV series Louie, starring Louis C.K.
Discography
Albums
Singles
Notes
References
External links
American pop music groups
Kama Sutra Records artists
Musical groups established in 1972
Musical groups from New York City
Rock music groups from New York (state) |
58743263 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Amelie%20Morgan | Amelie Morgan | Amelie Morgan (born 31 May 2003) is a British artistic gymnast. She represented Great Britain at the 2020 Summer Olympics and won a bronze medal in the team event. She is the 2021 European Championships bronze medalist on the uneven bars. Additionally, she won the silver medal in the all-around at the 2018 Youth Olympics, as well as a silver medal on the floor exercise and a bronze on the balance beam. At the 2018 Junior European Championships she won five medals (two silvers and three bronzes)—the most medals won by a British junior female gymnast at the European Championships.
Early life
Morgan was born in Slough, Berkshire, in 2003. She has a twin brother. She joined Slough Gymnastics club when they first opened in 2010. In 2017 she transferred to The Academy of Gymnastics. In order to juggle her education with her 35-hour a week training schedule, Amelie was homeschooled through Wolsey Hall, Oxford for her IGCSEs. She then moved to St Katherine's School to study her A levels, where she achieved an A* and two Bs.
Gymnastics career
2008–2010
Amelie started her gymnastics journey at Chiltern Gymnastics, based in Iver and later moved to Beaconsfield.
2015–16
Morgan began her gymnastics career in 2015, where she competed at the English Championships and finished second at the espoir level. In 2016 Morgan was selected to compete at the School Games, where she placed third in the all-around, on balance beam, and on floor exercise. Later that year she competed at the Olympic Hopes Cup where she placed second in the all-around behind Ana Padurariu of Canada.
2017
Morgan finished second at the British Championships behind Taeja James. In late June Morgan announced that she had verbally committed to attend the University of California, Berkeley on a gymnastics scholarship. In July Morgan competed at the European Youth Olympic Festival where she won bronze on balance beam behind Ksenia Klimenko of Russia and Asia D'Amato of Italy. In November Morgan competed at the Olympic Hopes Cup where she won gold in the all-around and on floor exercise and won silver on vault. Morgan ended 2017 competed at the Top Gym Tournament where she placed fifth in the all-around, fourth on beam, but won gold on floor exercise.
2018
Morgan won gold in the all-around at both the English Championships and the British Championships. She was selected to represent Great Britain at the 2018 European Championships. While there Morgan won a record 5 medals in the Junior competition – silver in the all-around and on balance beam, both behind Giorgia Villa of Italy, and bronze in the team final, vault (behind Asia D'Amato of Italy and Villa), and floor exercise (behind Ioana Stanciulescu of Romania and Villa). Later in the year Morgan was selected to represent Great Britain at the 2018 Youth Olympic Games. While there she won silver in the all-around and on floor exercise, once again behind Villa, and won bronze on balance beam behind Tang Xijing of China and Klimenko .
Senior
2019
Morgan turned senior in 2019 and made her debut at the English Championships where she won gold in the all-around, finishing 1.75 points ahead of second place Kelly Simm. She was later selected to compete at the 2019 European Championships alongside Ellie Downie, Alice Kinsella, and Claudia Fragapane. Morgan competed at the British Championships and won bronze in the all-around, on uneven bars, and on balance beam. She placed fourth on floor exercise. At the European Championships Morgan finished fifth in the all-around qualification but did not advance to the final due to teammates Kinsella and Downie scoring higher. Morgan was also a reserve for the bars and beam final. Just after the European Championships Morgan sustained an injury. She healed in time for the 2019 World Championships in Stuttgart as travelling reserve but she re-injured herself and Kelly Simm took her place. In November Morgan made her international comeback at the Cottbus World Cup in Germany. She qualified to the uneven bars final where she scored 13.766 and placed seventh.
2020
In January it was announced that Morgan would represent Great Britain at the American Cup, taking place on March 7. However, due to injury she was replaced by Jennifer Gadirova.
2021
In April Morgan was selected to represent Great Britain at the European Championships alongside Jessica Gadirova, Jennifer Gadirova (later replaced by Phoebe Jakubczyk), and Alice Kinsella. While there she qualified to the all-around final in 5th place and the uneven bars, and balance beam event finals in 7th and 3rd place respectively. During the all-around final Morgan finished in fourth place behind Russians Viktoria Listunova and Angelina Melnikova and teammate Gadirova. She won the bronze in the uneven bars final behind Melnikova and Vladislava Urazova. In the beam final, Morgan placed 4th due to a mistake on her wolf turn.
On 7 June, Morgan was selected to represent Great Britain at the 2020 Summer Olympics alongside Jennifer Gadirova, Jessica Gadirova, and Alice Kinsella.
At the Olympic Games Morgan did not qualify for any individual event finals; however Great Britain qualified for the team final. During the team final Morgan competed on uneven bars and balance beam, helping Great Britain win the bronze medal, their first Olympic team medal in 93 years.
NCAA
2021–2022 season
In July Morgan announced plans to switch NCAA commitments from the University of California, Berkeley to the University of Utah. In August she moved to Salt Lake City, Utah to join the University of Utah gymnastics team for the 2021–2022 season as a part of their freshman class alongside Olympic silver medallist Grace McCallum, Kara Eaker, and Sage Thompson.
Morgan made her NCAA debut at the Best of Utah meet, against BYU, Southern Utah, and Utah State, where she competed on uneven bars and balance beam, where she scored a 9.825 and a 9.875 respectively, to help Utah win. She was subsequently named as the Pac-12 Freshman of the week.
Competitive history
Media appearances
Morgan first appeared in the CBBC documentary series Gym Stars in 2018 and became one of its leading contributors alongside Phoebe Jakubczyk. She returned for Series 2, which began airing in April 2019 and Series 3 which began airing in March 2020
Selected competitive skills
References
External links
2003 births
Living people
British female artistic gymnasts
Gymnasts at the 2018 Summer Youth Olympics
Gymnasts at the 2020 Summer Olympics
Olympic gymnasts for Great Britain
Olympic medalists in gymnastics
Olympic bronze medallists for Great Britain
Olympic athletes for Great Britain
Medalists at the 2020 Summer Olympics
Utah Red Rocks gymnasts
Sportspeople from Slough
English female artistic gymnasts
English expatriate sportspeople in the United States
English twins |
4988699 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gordon%20RFC | Gordon RFC | Gordon Rugby Football Club is a rugby union club based on the North Shore of Sydney. The club, known as the Gordon Highlanders, plays out of Chatswood Oval and competes in the New South Wales Rugby Union grade competition.
Club information
Premiership Titles – Shute Shield: 9 (1949, 1952, 1956, 1958, 1976, 1993, 1995, 1998 & 2020)
Club Championships: 13
President: Brad Harrison
1st Grade Head Coach: Brian Melrose
1st Colts Head Coach: Josh Mitchell
General Manager Ace Naati
The original Gordon Rugby Football Club was founded in 1927 on Sydney's North Shore, playing in the Metropolitan Junior Competitions and its home games on Roseville Chase Oval. The club was disbanded in 1930 and the following year, many of its players transferred to the newly formed Roseville Junior Rugby Union Football Club, whose home ground was Chatswood Oval. In the 1935 season, the club won the Metropolitan Junior Club Championship, the Kentwell Cup and its second grade, the Bourke Cup.
Following its success the club was admitted to the Grade Competition in 1936 and changed its name to the Gordon District Rugby Union Football Club, fielding four grade and two junior sides, which participated in the Metropolitan Junior Competition.
By 1939, the 1st XV had won the minor premiership but were defeated in the final by the ultimate premiers. Apart from the 4th grade team winning a premiership in 1946, it was 1949 before Gordon won the Club Championship with its 1st and 4th grade teams, with all four teams playing in the semi-finals.
In 1949, the club adopted a new jersey incorporating the colours of the Gordon tartan and its club song “A Gordon For Me”, emphasising the strong Scottish influence within the club.
First grade premierships were achieved in 1949, 1952, 1956, 1958, 1976, 1993, 1995, 1998 and 2020. Over the years, the lower grade sides have played prominently at or near the top of the competition tables with Gordon winning the Club Championship 13 times.
Many Gordon players have earned representative honours playing for the state and Australia – far too many to list here. Trevor Allan, who has won lasting international acclaim, together with Bob Davidson and Peter Sullivan have all captained Australian touring teams. Stirling Mortlock played 80 Tests for the Wallabies and captained for 29 of them. He was a Gordon Junior and Colt.
In addition to the club's attractive style of play it is renowned for its dedication to the promotion of the game at all levels, its tremendous club spirit, its enthusiastic supporters and an excellent and supportive administration.
Under the banner of Gordon Rugby, the Gordon Rugby Football Club Ltd currently fields four grade and three colts sides, plus reserves and representative junior sides from village clubs Chatswood, Hornsby, Killara-West Pymble, Lane Cove, Lindfield, Roseville, St Ives and Wahroonga
For the 2022 season Gordon has appointed Brian Melrose as 1st Grade Head Coach with Andy Connors as 1st Colts Head Coach.
Current squad
The squad for the 2022 season
International representatives
Rugby Championships
Club Championships: 13 – 1949 1952 1957 1962 1971 1974 1975 1976 1978 1990 1993 1998 2020
1st Grade Premierships: 9 – 1949, 1952, 1956, 1958, 1976, 1993, 1995, 1998 & 2020.
1st Grade Runners Up: 1950, 1955, 1957, 1967, 1969, 1972, 1980, 1992 & 2022.
2nd Grade Premierships: – 1961, 1972, 1974, 1976 & 1981.
2nd Grade Runners Up: 1950, 1952, 1955, 1962, 1968, 1971, 1975, 1980, 2008 & 2009.
3rd Grade Premierships: – 12 – 1959, 1960, 1967, 1970, 1972, 1977, 1983, 1993, 2008, 2009, 2019 & 2020.
3rd Grade Runners Up: – 1948, 1951, 1962, 1966, 1969, 1973, 1974, 1975, 1978, 1981, 1992, 1994, 1999 & 2000.
4th Grade Premierships: 18 – 1949, 1952, 1953,1955, 1958, 1969, 1970, 1972, 1974, 1975, 1980, 1985, 1991, 1992, 1993, 1999, 2000 & 2007.
4th Grade Runners Up: – 1950, 1954, 1959, 1960, 1961, 1973, 1977, 1983, 1987 & 2020
Gordon D.R.U.F.C Veterans (World War II) KIA
Club song
(To the tune of the Scottish folk song of the same name)
References
External links
Gordon RFC home page
Jack Dempsey & Tom Matthews participate in project
Gordon Stags Rugby Site
Rugby union teams in Sydney
Rugby clubs established in 1936
1936 establishments in Australia
Gordon, New South Wales |
8966968 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bavaria%20Brewery%20%28Colombia%29 | Bavaria Brewery (Colombia) | Bavaria Brewery (), formally known as Bavaria S.A., is a Colombian brewery company founded on April 4, 1889, by Leo S. Kopp, a German immigrant. In 2005, Bavaria Brewery became a subsidiary of SABMiller. Before the merger, Bavaria was the second-largest brewery in South America.
On 10 October 2016, Anheuser-Busch InBev acquired the SABMiller company, so SABMiller ceased to exist as a corporation and ceased trading on global stock markets, and Bavaria became a division of the first.
History
In 1876, Leo Siegfried and Emil Kopp arrived in Santander seeking business opportunities. In 1879, with the brothers Santiago and Carlos Arturo Castello, they formed in Bogota the company Kopp y Castello, for the trading and importing of goods.
On April 4, 1889, the acquisition of a lot for the construction of a brewery was registered in Bogota. In 1890, the society Kopp and Castello was dissolved and was created the company Bavaria Kopp's Deutsche Bierbrauerei, which on 22 April of the following year recorded as factory image the German imperial eagle, and opened its headquarters in San Diego, downtown Bogotá, on 28 May.
In December 1911, during the centenary of independence, they used the figure of Policarpa Salavarrieta in their La Pola brand.
Bottlers and brand names
Bavaria's products are produced in six breweries located in different cities of Colombia, including Barranquilla, Bucaramanga, Tibasosa, Medellín, Tocancipá and Yumbo. It also has two malteries, one in Cartagena and another one in Tibitó via Zipaquirá-Briceño, two labeling factories, and one tapas factory.
The national beers produced by Bavaria are Poker, Aguila Original, Aguila Cero, Aguila Light, Aguila Fusion Limón, Club Colombia Dorada, Club Colombia Roja, Club Colombia Negra, Club Colombia Trigo, Club Colombia Oktoberfest, Club Colombia Siembra, Azteca, Redd's, Pilsen, Costeña, and Costeñita. The imports it distributes are Corona, Budweiser, and Stella Artois. Their non-alcoholic drinks are marketed as Zalva Water, Pony Malta, Pony Malta Mini, Pony Malta Vital, Malta Leona, and Cola & Pola.
Beers
Águila (pilsner, 4% alcohol by volume)
Águila Light (pilsner, 3.5% alc. vol., light variant of the above)
Brava (pilsner, 6.5% alc. vol.)
Club Colombia (pilsner, 4.7% alc. vol.)
Costeñita (pilsner, 4% alc. vol.)
Costeña (pilsner, 4% alc. vol.)
Leona (pilsner, 4% alc. vol.)
Pilsen (pilsner, 4.2% alc. vol.)
Póker (pilsner, 4% alc. vol.)
Other brands
Agua Zalva
Malta Leona (high-energy drink)
Pony Malta (energy malt beverage)
Cola & Pola (refajo)
Sustainability
Bavaria has been working for over 130 years to transform Colombia.
Bavaria Entrepreneurs
Bavaria created the Bavaria Entrepreneurs program to give tools to women shopkeepers to strengthen the main source of income for their home, their shop. It also provides financial and educational benefits to improve their quality of life and that of their families. These shopkeepers have become leaders and agents of change within their localities. The programme has benefited more than 11,300 women from about 50 municipalities in 20 departments.
Sowing Bavaria
For more than 10 years, Bavaria, through the Bavaria Foundation, has invested more than $2 million in research to promote malt barley production in Colombia. Through this program, Bavaria works with farmers to continue to promote beer barley crops and the development of the Colombian countryside.
Bavarian Water Funds
Bavaria works with 4 water funds in Colombia to develop strategies to identify the main water risks faced by each region and establish action plans to mitigate them.
MiPáramo
Bavaria, through MiPáramo, protects the Forest “Alto Andino” in order to guarantee the quantity and quality of water coming from the Santurbán moor, through conservation with peasant families and isolation of the forest with fences. Through conservation, restoration, and sustainable agricultural practices, more than 3,700 hectares have been protected in this area of the country. This project has benefited 1,066 peasant families in the region, planted more than 179,000 trees, and worked with major national and international partners to positively impact this ecosystem.
Responsible consumption
Bavaria is committed to promoting responsible consumption of alcohol in adults, and the prevention of underage alcohol consumption. To do this, the company works in partnership with local government entities, district schools, and value chain actors (such as shopkeepers) to prevent underage alcohol consumption. Bavaria also conducts annual communication campaigns to promote the responsible consumption of alcohol.
Global Beer Responsibility Day
More than 3,000 employees took to the streets, bringing tips and smart consumer messages to consumers and shopkeepers who delivered them, thus raising awareness among more than 140,000 people.
Volunteer program
Bavaria has the largest volunteer program in Colombia. #Meuno is a web platform that aims to connect volunteer organizations and networks throughout the nation. In 2019, Bavaria mobilized more than 12,000 volunteers to clean up the country's most important water sources in 15 cities, working with more than 150 partners and extracting 300 tons of garbage. The platform has over 56,000 registered volunteers and has been consolidated as an effective tool to support volunteer work in the country.
References
External links
Bavaria Brewery Official Site
Beers
Águila Beer Official Site
Club Colombia Beer Official Site
Other brands
Brisa Official Site
Beer in Colombia
Food and drink companies of Colombia
Companies based in Bogotá
Food and drink companies established in 1889
1889 establishments in Colombia
SABMiller
Colombian brands |
16981677 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Journal%20of%20Cell%20Science | Journal of Cell Science | The Journal of Cell Science (formerly the Quarterly Journal of Microscopical Science) is a peer-reviewed scientific journal in the field of cell biology. The journal is published by The Company of Biologists. The journal is partnered with Publons, is part of the Review Commons initiative and has two-way integration with bioRxiv. Journal of Cell Science is a hybrid journal and publishes 24 issues a year. Content over 6 months old is free to read.
History
Foundation and early years
The journal was established in 1853 as the Quarterly Journal of Microscopical Science (Q. J. Microsc. Sci., ). The founding editors were Edwin Lankester and George Busk. The publisher of the early issues was Samuel Highley of Fleet Street, London, with John Churchill and Sons (later J. & A. Churchill) taking over from 1856. The journal's original aims, as described in a preface to the first issue, were not limited to biology, but encompassed all branches of science related to the microscope:
Contributors to the first issue include Thomas Henry Huxley, Joseph Lister, William Crawford Williamson, and George Shadbolt. The contents of the early issues are diverse, and include original research articles, translations of papers published in other languages, transactions of the meetings of the Microscopical Society of London (later the Royal Microscopical Society), and book reviews. The journal also published short notes and memoranda, aimed "to gather up fragments of information, which singly might appear to be useless but together are of great importance to science"; the editors encouraged non-specialist submissions to this section, considering that "there are few possessors of a Microscope who have not met with some stray fact or facts which, published in this way, may not lead to important results." The editors also intended "to relieve the graver and more strictly scientific matter of the Journal by lighter contributions, such as will be found useful to the beginner, not uninteresting to the advanced observer, and of interest perhaps to the general reader."
Lankester and Busk co-edited the journal until the end of 1868. Lankester continued to edit the journal with his son, Ray Lankester until the end of 1871.
Under Ray Lankester and Edwin Goodrich
After Edwin Lankester's retirement, Ray Lankester remained an editor, with co-editors including E. Klein, William Archer, Joseph Frank Payne, and W. T. Thiselton Dyer. From 1878 until 1920, he served as the sole editor, amassing a total of over fifty years as an editor of the journal. The journal flourished under his guidance, becoming one of the leading British science journals. His successor, Edwin Stephen Goodrich, served as editor for twenty-five years, from 1920 until his death in 1946. Oxford University Press took over as publishers in 1920.
The Company of Biologists and relaunch
In 1946 or 1947, George Parker Bidder, then the owner, gave the journal to The Company of Biologists, a company he had founded in 1925 in a successful bid to rescue the failing British Journal of Experimental Biology. Initially, Oxford University Press remained the publishers on behalf of the Company of Biologists, but production was later transferred to Cambridge University Press. In 1952, The Company of Biologists became a registered charity, and full editorial control passed to the journal's editor-in-chief.
From 1946, the journal was edited jointly by Carl Pantin, an experimental zoologist and physiologist, and John Baker, a cytologist. Under the latter's influence, the journal accepted a growing number of papers in the relatively new discipline of cytology, now usually termed cell biology. After Pantin's retirement in 1960, the scope of the journal was refocused on the field of cytology, which the editors defined as "Everything that relates directly to the structure, chemical composition, physical nature, and functions of animal and plant cells, or to the techniques that are used in cytological investigations". Subsequent editors include H. G. Callan and A. V. Grimstone.
In 1966, the journal was redesigned and relaunched under the new title Journal of Cell Science, reflecting its altered scope. It continued to be published broadly quarterly until 1969, when the frequency increased to between six and nine issues per year. In the mid-to-late 1980s, to reduce publication lead times and compete more effectively with Cell (which had been launched in 1974), The Company of Biologists moved away from Cambridge University Press and set up its own in-house typesetting and printing for its journals, by then three in number, becoming pioneers in using disks from authors. Publication frequency also increased, at first to ten issues in 1987, then monthly between 1988 and 1995, finally becoming fortnightly in December 1996.
Issues from 1853 are available online via the journal website and HighWire Press as PDFs, with a text version additionally available from 2000. Content over 6 months old is freely available, and all articles are available to readers in developing countries via the Health InterNetwork Access to Research Initiative. Since 2004, authors have retained copyright of their material, licensing their contributions to the journal.
Scope and content
Journal of Cell Sciences publishes original research articles and reports, techniques and resources, reviews, and primers across the full range of topics in cell biology.
In addition to research papers and reviews, Journal of Cell Science includes critical commentaries and an occasional column, "Sticky Wickets", offering "controversial views of life-science research".
When appropriate, some articles are grouped into subject collections. Collection topics covered include:
Adhesion
Autophagy
Cell biology and disease
Cilia and flagella
Collective cell migration
ESCRT machinery
Establishing polarity
Exploring the nucleus
Imaging
Invadopodia and podosomes
Mechanotransduction
Microtubule dynamics
Mitochondria
Stem cells
Tools in cell biology
Ubiquitin
The journal operates on a continuous publication model. The final version of record is released online as soon as it is ready.
Abstracting and indexing
Journal of Cell Science is abstracted and/or indexed by:
BIOBASE
CAM abstracts
Cambridge Scientific Abstracts
Current Content
EMBASE
Clarivate Web of Science
Medline
Scopus
Journal of Cell Science is a signatory of the San Francisco Declaration on Research Assessment (DORA).
Journal management
Michael Way (Francis Crick Institute, UK) has been the editor-in-chief since 2012, when he took over from Fiona Watt.
References
External links
Delayed open access journals
Publications established in 1853
Molecular and cellular biology journals
Biweekly journals
English-language journals
The Company of Biologists academic journals |
7647585 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1948%20English%20cricket%20season | 1948 English cricket season | 1948 was the 49th season of County Championship cricket in England. Don Bradman, who was shortly to retire, made his final appearance in England. Bradman's Australian team, which included Arthur Morris, a very young Neil Harvey, Ray Lindwall and Keith Miller, went through the tour without being beaten and became known to cricket's folklore as "The Invincibles". They won the Test series 4–0. Glamorgan won the County Championship for the first time under the dynamic captaincy of Wilf Wooller.
The season was preceded by the first publication of Playfair Cricket Annual which has become a mainstay among cricket publications. Playfair is a pocket guide (though in its early years it had a larger page size) providing a mass of potted information about the sport, and is seen by many fans as an essential accessory to watching cricket in England.
Honours
County Championship – Glamorgan
Minor Counties Championship – Lancashire II
Wisden (Wisden Cricketers of the Year 1949 for their deeds in the 1948 season) – Lindsay Hassett, Bill Johnston, Ray Lindwall, Arthur Morris, Don Tallon
County Championship
Test series
Australia's "Invincibles" defeated England 4–0 with the Third Test drawn. England's batting was strong on paper, the first four in the order generally being Len Hutton, Cyril Washbrook, Bill Edrich and Denis Compton. But they found the fast bowling trio of Lindwall, Miller and Johnston a handful, especially since the playing conditions that summer allowed a new ball to be taken after only 55 overs. England's bowling was largely reliant on Alec Bedser, and against such a strong Australian batting line-up even his average was unimpressive.
The first innings of the First Test set the pattern, with England only reaching as many as 165 thanks to 63 from Jim Laker at number 9. Johnston finished with 5/36. In reply, Bradman and Hassett both made centuries, and England had a deficit of 344. Assisted by an injury that prevented Lindwall from bowling, England made 441 in their second innings, thanks mainly to 184 by Compton, but Australia still won by 8 wickets.
Australia won at Lord's by 409 runs, with Morris making a century in the first innings and Sid Barnes one in the second, and none of the English side even reaching fifty in either innings. Lindwall took 5/70 in the first innings and Ernie Toshack had 5/40 in the second.
The Third Test was drawn, and England might have won had not the Manchester weather caused much time to be lost. In England's first innings Compton had to retire hurt early on after being hit on the head by Lindwall, and needed two stitches, but he returned to the crease at 119 for 5 and finished with 145 not out out of 363.
At Headingley, one of the most famous of all Tests was played. It was a high-scoring affair, with Washbrook and Edrich making hundreds in England's first innings, and Harvey - on his debut in Anglo-Australian Tests - making one for Australia. Early on the final day, with the pitch by now helping spin, England declared their second innings, setting Australia to make 404 in 344 minutes. Laker, not yet the force that he would be a few years later, bowled poorly, and there were many fielding lapses. Thus, against all expectation, Australia got the runs with 12 minutes and 7 wickets to spare, with Morris making 182 and Bradman 173 not out.
The final Test of the series was the biggest disaster of all for England. They lost by an innings and 149 runs. Batting first, England were shot out for 52, of which Hutton made 30. Lindwall took 6/20. The Australian openers put on 117, and the total eventually reached 389 (Morris 196). In their second effort England managed only 188. (Johnston 4/40). It was known that this would be Bradman's final Test, and the crowd gave him an ovation when he walked out to bat. He only needed four runs to average 100 in Test cricket, but Eric Hollies bowled him second ball for a duck.
Morris finished the series with 696 runs at 87.00, and Lindwall and Johnston each took 27 wickets. For England, the player emerging with most credit was Compton, with 562 runs at 62.44.
Leading batsmen
Leading bowlers
References
Annual reviews
Playfair Cricket Annual 1949
Wisden Cricketers' Almanack 1949
Further reading
Bill Frindall, The Wisden Book of Test Cricket 1877-1978, Wisden, 1979
Chris Harte, A History of Australian Cricket, Andre Deutsch, 1993
Ray Robinson, On Top Down Under, Cassell, 1975
External links
CricketArchive – season summary
1948 in English cricket
English cricket seasons in the 20th century
The Invincibles (cricket)
Welsh cricket in the 20th century |
22643284 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aleksander%20Sulkiewicz | Aleksander Sulkiewicz | Iskander Mirza Huzman Beg Sulkiewicz (8 December 1867 – 18 September 1916), known as Aleksander Sulkiewicz, was a Polish politician of Lipka Tatar ethnicity who campaigned for Polish independence and co-founded the Polish Socialist Party.
Early life
Sulkiewicz was born in Skirsobole Tatarskie, Congress Poland (now part of Lithuania) to a Tatar family with a tradition of support for the cause of Polish independence. He was the son of Aleksander Sulkiewicz, a rotmistrz in the Czarist army, and Rozalia Sulkiewicz (née Kryczyńska—the feminine form of Kryczyński, one of the few Tatar families officially acknowledged as princes by the Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth). His grandfather was Józef Bielak, a general in the Kościuszko Uprising, and one of the family's most cherished possessions was a letter from Tadeusz Kościuszko thanking Bielak for his service.
As a child, Sulkiewicz attended a Turkish school in Istanbul, where he came into contact with the Polish émigré community. After his father died around 1877, he and his family moved to Suwałki, and later to Sejny, where he continued his studies.
Underground political activity
In Vilnius, then part of Poland, Sulkiewicz was introduced into socialist circles and became an active member of the Social-Revolutionary Party Proletariat. In November 1892, he attended the Paris convention that created the Organization of Polish Socialists Abroad (Polish: Związek Zagraniczny Socjalistów Polskich). Upon returning to Poland, he helped organize Polish Socialist Party (PPS) groups in Vilnius. With Józef Piłsudski, Stanisław Wojciechowski, Stefan Bielak and Ludwik Zajkowski, he took part in a meeting in a forest near Vilnius that was later recognized as the First Congress of the PPS.
He got a job in the treasury department in Suwałki in 1890, and later in the customs offices in Władysławowo and Kiborty. Using these positions, he took charge of smuggling the publications of the underground socialist press from Geneva and London into Congress Poland. He also helped Lithuanian nationalists smuggle in Lithuanian-language publications that were banned by Russian authorities. Partly because Russian officials did not expect a Muslim like Sulkiewicz to be involved in Polish independence campaigns, he was able to continue his clandestine conspiratorial activities for an extended period without being detected. From 1895 to 1897, and again from 1899 to 1902, he was a member of the Central Committee of the PPS.
He left his customs job in 1900 and, on party orders, moved to Łódź, where he set up a printing shop for the Robotnik newspaper. With Piłsudski, he composed and edited the first issue of the paper. The print shop was soon discovered by the Czarist police, and while Sulkiewicz managed to evade arrest, Piłsudski was caught. With help from others, such as Władysław Mazurkiewicz, Sulkiewicz began making plans for Piłsudski's escape. It occurred on 14 May 1901, after Piłsudski feigned mental illness in order to get himself transferred from the Warsaw Citadel to a lower-security mental hospital in Saint Petersburg. The escape may have saved Piłsudski's life, because Poland was under martial law, and conspiratorial activity was harshly punished.
In 1903, Sulkiewicz rejoined the Central Committee of the PPS, this time in Kiev. He was caught by the police, but thanks to good recommendations from his previous places of work, he was freed after a few months with a warning. Soon after, there was a split within the PPS, and Sulkiewicz followed Piłsudski in joining the pro-independence (as opposed to pro-internationalist) PPS Revolutionary Faction. In 1908, he became a member of its Central Committee.
World War I and death
When World War I broke out, Sulkiewicz volunteered for the Polish Legions. After the creation of Polish National Organization, he became its director in the Vilnius region and traveled on diplomatic missions to Berlin, Copenhagen, Sweden and Kiev. He then went to Galicia and, from there, was sent by Piłsudski to German-controlled Warsaw, where he was active in the Polish Military Organisation (Polska Organizacja Wojskowa) and the PPS. He was arrested by the German authorities in November 1915 but eventually released.
After his release, Sulkiewicz moved to Austria-occupied Poland to fight with the Polish Legions again. He was initially made an intendant (a manager) in May 1916. Later, however, after being refused twice because of his age (he was 48 at the time), he was given a front-line position as a sergeant in the First Brigade of the Polish Legions. On 18 September 1916, during the Battle of Sitowicze, he was mortally wounded while running to help an injured chorąży, Adam Koc.
On 8 November 1925 Sulkiewicz's body was moved to Warsaw and buried in the Powązki Military Cemetery. He was posthumously awarded the Virtuti Militari and the Cross of Independence with Swords.
References
Polish socialists
Muslims from the Russian Empire
Recipients of the Virtuti Militari
Recipients of the Cross of Independence with Swords
People from the Russian Empire of Lipka Tatar descent
Tatar revolutionaries
Polish legionnaires (World War I)
Burials at Powązki Military Cemetery
People from Kalvarija Municipality
1867 births
1916 deaths
Austro-Hungarian military personnel killed in World War I
Polish Muslims |
5465074 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Su%20Su%20Nway | Su Su Nway | Su Su Nway (, ; born 1971; also known as Su Su Nwe) is a Burmese democracy activist and political prisoner. In 2005, she became the first Burmese national to successfully sue local government officials under a 1999 law on forced labour.
Forced labor case and subsequent imprisonment
Su Su Nway is from Htan Manaing village, Kawhmu Township (located 50 mi from Yangon), in Yangon region. She filed a complaint after she, along with other villagers, were forced into working on a road construction project by the local Village Tract Peace and Development Council. The case was then pursued by NLD lawyers. As a result of the case, on 3 September 2004, Sein Paw, Chairman of the Htanmanaing Village Tract Peace and Development Council, was sentenced to 16 months in prison, while Council members Kyaw Thin, Myint Thein, and Aung Khin were sentenced to eight months each. Following the court case, Su Su Nway stated that Sein Paw passed her on the road with a companion and told her she should be "beaten to death".
In 2005, the new town chairman charged her with harassment and defamation, a tactic that the Asian Human Rights Commission noted to be a common reprisal against Burmese activists. Su Su Nway was then sentenced to an 18-month term in Insein Prison. Before her sentencing, she told reporters, "I have no responsibility, no power and no position. They plot against a common girl, a disease sufferer, and sue her because they are afraid. If they are afraid like that, our side is winning."
In February 2006, Nway attempted to appeal to the Supreme Court, but her case was rejected, after having appealed to district courts that rejected her cases. She was released on 6 June 2006, as a result of international pressure from the United States government, the International Labour Organization (ILO), the United Nations (UN), and NGOs.
Now (2018) Su Su Nway established the Myanmar Farmer Union in 2012 and she became the Chairperson. Su Su Nway teach her members of Myanmar Farmer Union Land Law.
Second imprisonment
Su Su Nway was in hiding for much of 2007, but took part in the August protests against high fuel prices, narrowly escaping a second arrest. On 13 November 2007, she was arrested for hanging a banner near the hotel where UN Human Rights Envoy Paulo Pinheiro was staying while visiting the country.
On 11 November 2008, Su Su Nway was sentenced to 12 years and six months in prison. This was reduced by four years in February 2009. Su Su Nway is currently in Hkamti Prison in Sagaing Region. She suffers from a congenital heart condition and high blood pressure, and was initially denied her heart medication by prison officials. She was hospitalized on 20 May 2009, and though she recovered, Amnesty International reports that prison officials have continued to deny her family visits, sufficient food, clean clothes, and adequate medical care.
Release
On 10 October 2011, she was released along with comedian Zarganar and 88 Generation Student Group activist Zaw Htet Ko Ko as part of a series of amnesties for political prisoners.
Recognition
In 2005, Su Su Nway received a human rights award from the NLD. The following year, she was awarded the John Humphrey Freedom Award by the Canadian human rights group Rights & Democracy. In 2007, People in Need awarded Su Su Nway, Phyu Phyu Thin, and Nilar Thein their Homo Homini Award. Amnesty International considers her a prisoner of conscience and a "priority case". UNISON, the UK's second-largest trade union, issued a statement on her behalf on 23 September 2010, and general secretary Dave Prentis was photographed with her name on his hand for an Amnesty International campaign. Liverpool MP Luciana Berger was also photographed for the campaign.
References
Notes
External links
Su Su Nway webpage of Asian Human Rights Commission (AHRC)
Su Su Nway's blog
Su Su Nway's profile on Assistance Association for Political Prisoners (Burma)
1971 births
Amnesty International prisoners of conscience held by Myanmar
Burmese democracy activists
Living people
Activists from Yangon
Burmese prisoners and detainees |
62534645 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alon%20Blue%20Square | Alon Blue Square | Alon Blue Square (, Alon Ribu'a Kahol), formerly Blue Square, is a private Israeli holding company, owned by Moti Ben-Moshe. It was founded as a retail chain, but subsequently branched out into real estate and other fields.
History
Alon Blue Square dates back to 1932, when it was founded as the Tel Aviv Cooperative Consumer Association. This and other cooperative consumer clubs were run by the Consumer Cooperation Union, in turn run by HaMashbir HaMerkazi. In 1970, all grocery store clubs formed a union, owing to the desire to unify grocery prices across the country for unionized workers. In 1972, the Tel Aviv club merged with the clubs from the Sharon region, Ashkelon and Beersheba. Later in the decade, the unified group became called Co-Op The Blue Square, with Benny Gaon appointed as its executive director. The group had a revenue of IL2.5 billion. In 1987, the company became the Israeli franchisee of Wendy's, reaching six branches, but failed.
The cooperative founded a new business in 1991, called Co-Op Blue Square Consumer Cooperative Society Limited, in which it held an 82% stake. At the time, the company employed about 3,000 workers. The company expanded its reach significantly in the 1990s, founding the Super Center supermarket chain. It also operated the Hamashbir Lazarchan, bought and the Home Center hardware and household goods chain, had plans to sell Dunkin' Donuts in the Co-Op branches, and it owned the franchise rights for operating IKEA in Israel, but was forced to sell them. In the 2000s Blue Square operated Sbarro and Pelephone stands in its stores and it also founded the Mega chain, geared toward its Buy and Bonus club members. In 2002, Blue Square entered the online retail business, with the Blue Center brand.
In 1996 the cooperative's holdings and the for-profit company merged into Blue Square Israel, and had a public offering in New York under that name. In November 2000 it also had a public offering in Israel. This privatization was initiated by various members of the cooperative, who had been forced to buy its shares decades earlier, but largely weren't invested in its ideology. By the 1990s they had wanted to sell their shares on the free market, and this was only possible through privatization. In 2002, most of the members voted to dismantle the company and sell its assets.
In 2003, Blue Square Israel was purchased by Alon Group, owner of the energy company Dor Alon, for billion, and became Alon Blue Square.
In 2015, Alon Blue Square encountered financial difficulties. The Mega supermarket chain owned by the company went into receivership, and the latter became insolvent. In 2016, Alon Blue Square was fully acquired by Moti Ben-Moshe and became a private company. In December 2019, Alon Blue Square acquired the Gindi family's 50% stake in TLV Fashion Mall, a shopping mall in Tel Aviv, for million, making it the sole owner of the property. As of 2020, the company is one of the bidders for a 20% stake in Israel Post.
Holdings and subsidiaries
Alon Blue Square has two main subsidiaries: the energy company Dor Alon, and Blue Square Real Estate. Other than these, the company full or partially owns multiple retail chains, including Mega Home, Na'aman, Vardinon and others. It also has holdings in the radio station 103fm.
Prior to 2015, the company also had holdings in the retail chains Doctor Baby (owned by Mega) and Kfar HaSha'ashu'im, the mobile virtual network operator YouPhone the local Diners Club franchise, and the Israel Post newspaper.
Criticism
Involvement in Israeli settlements
On 12 February 2020, the United Nations published a database of companies doing business related in the West Bank, including East Jerusalem, as well as in the occupied Golan Heights. Alon Blue Square was listed on the database on account of its activities in Israeli settlements in these occupied territories, which are considered illegal under international law.
References
Holding companies of Israel
Real estate companies of Israel
1932 establishments in Mandatory Palestine
Holding companies established in 1932
Real estate companies established in 1932 |
4333973 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cichyrus | Cichyrus | Cichyrus (, Kichyros), earlier called Ephyra (Ἐφύρα or Ἐφύρη), was the capital of ancient Thesprotia, according to the myth built by the Arcadian leader Thesprotos. Thucydides describes it as situated in the district Elaeatis in Thesprotia, away from the sea. At its site is the famous Necromanteion (Νεκρομαντεῖον, "Oracle of the Dead"). First settled during the Bronze Age and resettled in the 14th century BC by colonists most probably from Chaonia and the west Peloponnese region. The city is about 800 m north of the junction of the Kokytos River with the Acheron, and about 4.5 km east of the bay of Ammoudia. Near it was the outlet into the sea of the Acherusian Lake. Strabo (7.7.5) gives the same information and adds that in his time Ephyra was called Kichyros. The name had been changed from Ephyra back to the more ancient name about 200 years earlier.
Mythology
In Greek mythology, Neoptolemos was said to have landed at Kichyros (Ephyra) on his return from Troy (Pind. Nem. 7.37-39) and Odysseus went there earlier, before leaving for Troy (Od. 1 .210-211) to get poison for his arrows (Od. 1 .259f). Theseus and Perithoos came to snatch away Persephone, wife of Aidoneus, King of Ephyra. These were none other than Persephone and Hades, the gods of the underworld, who had a shrine and an oracle at Ephyra. Heracles subjugated Ephyra and fathered a child by Princess Astyoche, Tlepolemus, who became king of Rhodes. Thyestes came there looking for his brother, Atreus. Atreus was not there, but the daughter of Thyestes, Pelopia, was there, and Thyestes, not recognizing her, took her as a wife. Their union produced Aegisthus.
History
The Thesprotian Kichyros/Ephyra appears to be the town mentioned in two passages of the Odyssey (i. 259, ii. 328). The Ephyri, mentioned in a passage of the Iliad (xiii. 301), were supposed by Pausanias to be the Thesprotians inhabitants of the town. but Strabo maintained that the poet referred to the Thessalian Ephyra (Strab. ix. p. 442). Some commentators even supposed the Ephyra on the Selleeis to be the Thesprotian town, but Strabo expressly maintains that Homer alludes in these passages to the Eleian town. Pausanias represents Cichyrus as the capital of the ancient kings of Thesprotia, where Theseus and Peirithous were thrown into chains by Aidoneus; and its celebrity in the most ancient times may also be inferred from a passage of Pindar.
Information on the location
The site of Ephyra is confirmed by the excavation of the ancient oracle of the dead, Necromanteion, on the hill of Agios Ioannis near the village of Mesopotamo, 150 m north of the junction of the Kokytos with the Acheron. The remains of three ancient wall circuits are preserved on the limestone nearby hill of Xylokastro. The finds within the acropolis, chiefly sherds of local pottery of the Bronze Age and Mycenaean sherds, together with the worship of the chthonic goddess Persephone. After the surrender of the Elean colonies in Kassopaia to Philip II of Macedon in 343-342 BC, (Dem. 7.32) and their subjection to the Thesprotians, Ephyra appears to have reverted to its original name, Kichyros, which had been kept alive in some neighboring Thesprotian settlement. Some finds, chiefly pottery of the 1st century BC, confirm the statement of Pausanias (1.17.5) that Kichyros was in existence in his time.
Archaeology
The remains of the ancient Ephira are near the present Ioannina. In the period between 1958 and 1987, several excavations were conducted by a team from the University of Ioannina that were later expanded between 2006 and 2008. In them, archaeologists found remains of the only Mycenaean acropolis whose existence has been confirmed within the region of Epirus. Two of the three walls of the fortification that were found in the southern part of the acropolis, were built in stone with Cyclopean style in the fourteenth or early thirteenth century BC, while the third is much later, of the Hellenistic period. On the other hand, on a plateau on the western side of the acropolis, three large funerary burial mounds of the 12th century BC have been found.
See also
List of ancient Greek cities
List of cities in ancient Epirus
References
Citations
Sources
External links
The Princeton Encyclopedia of Classical Sites
Cities in ancient Epirus
Former populated places in Greece
Locations in Greek mythology
Populated places in ancient Epirus
Archaeological sites in Epirus (region) |
41849026 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Stockholm%20University%20Library | Stockholm University Library | Stockholm University Library () is the research library of the University of Stockholm with one main library and eight unit libraries. Stockholm University Library is one of Sweden's largest research libraries, providing extensive access to e-books and other digital material as well as interlibrary loans. The focus groups are students, researchers and teachers. They have access to the collections of printed as well as online literature, tools for e-publishing of essays, study places, research results and education in information, scientific communication and how to work with references. Stockholm University Library is also a public library with over 1.4 million visitors in 2012.
History
The university library dates back to 1877 when it started building up its collections of literature and magazines through donations and purchases. The collections were moved between different locations until they were accommodated in the attic of the school Norra Latin. The need for literature increased as the university grew. In 1882 more donations further extended the collection after an appeal had been made. The largest book donations were given by The Royal Library in Copenhagen and the University of Oslo in Norway.
A number of libraries were opened in the city of Stockholm, such as the Socialvetenskapliga biblioteket, Juridiska biblioteket, Slaviska biblioteket and Humanistiska biblioteket. The Humanistiska biblioteket was to become a meeting point for young intellectuals into the 1960s with its location close to Stureplan. In 1971 the faculties of the university all were located to the new Campus in Frescati north of the inner city. At the same time today's university library organisation was founded. Different libraries, such as Riksdagsbiblioteket, Kungliga biblioteket and Vetenskapsakademiens bibliotek continued to be responsible for the purchase of literature throughout the 1970s. In 1978 the university library was given the responsibility of The Library of the Royal Swedish Academy of Sciences (Kungliga vetenskapsakademins bibliotek), founded in 1739, thus giving the library access to one of Europe's largest collections of nature science, including the collections of Carl Linnaeus and Emanuel Swedenborg. The Emanuel Swedenborg Collection was selected as Memory of the Unesco World Register in 2005.
Building
The British-Swedish Architect Ralph Erskine was appointed to create the main library building in 1982. Situated in the University Campus Frescati, it was constructed as an extension of the existing university building Södra huset (The South House) from the 1960s by David Helldén. Erskine created a linkage between the buildings with his trademark, an arched-formed roof, at the same time creating the main entrance of the library. The facades and roof are dominated by concrete and aluminium. The library by Erskine connects with the building Allhuset, made by Erskine in 1981. The university library was inaugurated in January 1983.
Libraries
Stockholm University Library consists of the main library (huvudbiblioteket) and eight section libraries and one more will be opened in 2014.
JMK-biblioteket (Dept. of Media, Journalism, Communication Library)
Asienbiblioteket (Asia Library)
Matematiska biblioteket (Mathematics Library)
Geobibilioteket (Geolibrary)
Biblioteket för Socialt arbete (Dept. of Social Work Library)
Arrheniusbiblioteket (Arrhenius Library)
AlbaNovas bibliotek (AlbaNova Library)
Latinamerikainstitutets bibliotek (Library of the Institute of Latin American Studies)
Nodbiblioteket (Nod Library) - to be opened in 2014
DiVA portal
DiVA portal is a finding tool for research publications and student theses at these institutions:
BTH - Blekinge Institute of Technology
DU - Dalarna University
EHS - University College Stockholm/Enskilda Högskolan Stockholm
FHS - Swedish National Defence College
FMV - Försvarets materielverk
GIH - The Swedish School of Sport and Health Sciences
HB - Högskolan i Borås
HH - Halmstad University
HIG - University of Gävle
HIS - University of Skövde
HV - University West
ISOF - Institute for Language and Folklore
IVL Swedish Environmental Research Institute
JU - Jönköping University
KAU - Karlstad University
KKH - The Royal Institute of Art
KMH - Royal College of Music
KTH - Royal Institute of Technology
Konstfack - University College of Arts, Crafts and Design
LIU - Linköping University
LNU - Linnaeus University
LTU - Luleå University of Technology
MAU - Malmö University
MCHS - Marie Cederschiöld University
MDU - Mälardalen University
MIUN - Mid Sweden University
NAI - The Nordic Africa Institute
NRM - Swedish Museum of Natural History
National Museums of World Culture
Nationalmuseum
Nordic Council of Ministers
Nordiska museet
ORU - Örebro University
Polar - Swedish Polar Research Secretariat
RI - RISE/Research Institutes of Sweden
RKH - Swedish Red Cross University
Riksarkivet
SGI - Statens geotekniska institut
SH - Södertörn University
SHH - Sophiahemmet University College
SMHI - Swedish Meteorological and Hydrological Institute
SU - Stockholm University
Stockholm University of the Arts
Swedish Environmental Protection Agency
Swedish National Heritage Board
Swedish Transport Administration
The Swedish Agency for Marine and Water Management
UMU - Umeå University
UU - Uppsala University
VTI - The Swedish National Road and Transport Research Institute
References
External links
Stockholm University Library
Library
Academic libraries in Sweden
Buildings and structures in Stockholm |
62669126 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Luv%20Ni%20Love%20Storys | Luv Ni Love Storys | Luv Ni Love Storys is a 2020 Gujarati romantic comedy-drama film written and directed by Durgesh Tanna. The film is produced by Manish Andani and Karim Minsariya under the banner of Swissk Entertainment and DB Talkies. The music and background scores are composed by Parth Bharat Thakkar with lyrics from Niren Bhatt and Aaditya Gadhavi. The casting director of the film is Avani Soni and the film stars Pratik Gandhi, Shraddha Dangar, Deeksha Joshi, Vyoma Nandi and Hardik Sangani in leading roles.
Plot
The plot revolves around a young, loving and charming man Luv Modi. The story starts from Luv narrating his love stories and how he encountered love in different forms. Luv was the most loved and pampered child, his grandmother, his mother and his aunt were very fond of him. But Luv's father used to be jealous at times due to this. As a result, Luv was sent away at boarding school. He returned after 14 years completing his school as well as Hotel Management course. He had a best friend Saumitra. From here, Luv's first love story starts. He catches sight of his neighbour, Mishti and instantly falls for her.
Later, Luv and Mishti meet again at his house when she doesn't recognize him and mistakes him as servant but Luv catches Mishti's attention by his witty sense and cooking skills, they become quick friends. As time passes, Mishti learns that Luv is a good man and his point of view on women is quite different from others. Luv starts developing feelings for Mishti as he thinks she also likes him, he mockingly tells her that he will help her elope with the guy she loves when Mishti tells him that she loves a guy like Luv, which increases his hopes. However on the engagement ceremony of Luv's sister, Sweetu, he discovers that Mishti loves a boy called Prem (the guy she told about Luv to, he's the one like Luv). She requests Luv to flee her for Prem as her family won't allow her to marry him. A heavy-hearted, Luv decides to help Mishti to run off with her lover. He also manages to convince Mishti's family to accept Mishti and Prem. This is how Luv's first love remains one-sided.
Later, Luv moves to Mumbai. There he dates multiple girls but none is his type. Later, he meets another girl, again his neighbour, Sonam and they become friends. Sonam and Luv spend most of time together. when they're invited into a wedding of Sonam's best friend's sister as wedding photographer, on the way to there, Luv starts liking Sonam (because again such events happen in which Sonam gets possessive for Luv etc.) but when Luv confesses his feelings, Sonam angrily rejects him and decides to break the friendship, to which, Luv confronts Sonam and leaves Mumbai. Again this love story remains one-sided.
It is then showed that Luv was narrating all this to a marriage prospect, Preeti who finds his stories very interesting but Luv 's perspective was quite changed. He now believes that he should marry and settle as love can happen even after marriage. Preeti tells she would marry Luv but she says no when asked by her parents on being married. She calls Luv taking the name of Sonam in a café to meet him and tells him she was testing if he still loves Sonam and wants to marry someone else. Then she reveals she declined the marriage, but is interested in dating him to which Luv responds he is now no more interested in such things as he's tired. But Preeti tells him she would wait for him. Luv's mother suggests him to give himself one more chance and Luv gets over his previous love story and gives a shot on Preeti. But now Preeti tells him she isn't interested and confuses him. Sumitra gives advice to Luv to impress Preeti by various means. Lastly, Luv directly asks what really Preeti wants, she tells him she wants the old Luv, the original Luv. Luv understands what she means and starts to be with her being the Luv he was, cheerful and loving. Luv fells in love with Preeti but is afraid to tell her. Preeti tells Luv that wants to take a test of him, she tells him to stay away from her to know if he really loves her, misses her or its just attachment and after that she'll giver her answer. But Saumitra helps Luv as he couldn't be in peace without meeting Preeti, he finds a ways impress Preeti by various means but this time being the true Luv and in his own methods. Preeti invites Luv and his family to the 25th wedding anniversary of her parents. But to Luv's horror surprise, Sonam is the photographer appointed there. Sonam apologizes to Luv and says she really misses him which again muddles Luv and its revealed that Sonam and Preeti are cousins. Luv gets confused and then Preeti reveals she invited Sonam to test Luv. Frustrated and irritated Luv, confronts Preeti and is about to leave the party when Preeti gives a speech on her parents marriage and also starts narrating her love story that how she fell in love with Luv but due to the previous events, Luv had forgotten his identity and she wanted him to make him realise who actually he was. she tested him multiple times and passes every test but she also realised she crossed the limit by calling Sonam. However she clarifies that it was a test for both Preeti and Luv, what if Luv was still in love with Sonam, it would have broken Preeti too. But after that she has no doubts and proposes Luv for marriage, Luv accepts her agrees to marry her. Then Luv narrates this love story to his son and the film closes on happy note.
Cast
Pratik Gandhi as Luv Modi
Deeksha Joshi as Preeti
Vyoma Nandi as Sonam
Shraddha Dangar as Mishti
Hardik Sangani as Saumitra
Mehul Buch as Luv's father
Alpana Buch as Luv's mother
Bhavini Jani as Luv's grandmother
Harikrishna Dave as Luv's uncle
Vandana Vithlani as Luv's aunt
Tarjani Bhadla as Luv's sister
Bhavya Sirohi as Luv's sister
Saurabh Rajyaguru as Prem (Mishti's boyfriend)
Soundtrack
Release
The film released on 31 January 2020.
The Times of India gave the film 3.5 out of five stars and states that "Durgesh Tanna's multi-starrer film is a perfect family drama with a strong focus on different hues of love". BollyBonda gave the film four out of five stars and wrote that "Luv ni Love Storys is a good romantic comedy with likable characters and a decent amount of laughs".
References
External links
2020 films
2020s Gujarati-language films
2020 romantic comedy-drama films
Indian romantic comedy-drama films |
38961287 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nathanallur | Nathanallur | Nathanallur is a small village in Walajabad taluk, Kanchipuram district, Tamil Nadu, India. Tamil Nadu state highway 48 is passing through Nathanallur village. Nathanallur is distance from its Walajabad taluk and town, distance from its district main city Kanchipuram and distance from its state main city Chennai.
History of Nathanallur
The village people believes that the name Nathanallur originated by the great poetiser Mr. Nanthanar. Nathanallur also have a sub village called Madura Nallur () popularly known as Nellur. Nellur people basically migrated from Nathanallur in the early stage to cultivate their far distance lands.
Festivals in Nathanallur
There are many temples in Nathanallur. Carnivals are celebrated for each temple in different periods.
List of popularly known temple are below.
Ellamman Temple ()
Perumal Temple ()
Many Vinayakar Temples ()
Gangaiamman Temple ()
Durgaiamman Temple ()
Selliamman Temple ()
Adanjiamman Temple ()
Periyandavar Temple () and many more.
Sri Devi Ellamman Temple
Every year Tamil month Chithirai () first amavasya, a famous 10 days great festival called Float Festival () is celebrated for Ellamman.
The first nine days Lord is beautifully decorated with ornament and flowers to ride around the village in the "Bullock Cart" with different avatar in each day to show this avatars to the village pilgrims.
The carnival is very grand on the 10th day i.e. on amavasya. All village people with their relatives from nearby cities & towns gather near the theppakulam at Ellamman temple. Lord Sri Devi Ellamman is beautifully decorated with ornament and flowers. And amman swing on the oonjal then the lord is transfer to a floating boat to circle around the Theppakulam on wonderful night with colourful crackers. The joyful carnival ends on the next day with stage drama ().
Also there are many other Hindu spiritual activities will happen on the entire day. Do not miss this great carnival.
Float Festival Gallery
Bramma Urchavangal ()
Other Festivals
Likewise, Tamil Aadi month Koozh ( - One of the great south Indian food) will be served to their neighborhoods and relatives during Gangaiamman & Bommayi amman temple festival.
And many other festivals for Vinayakar, Perumal and Adanjiamman temples.
Education
Panchayat Union School is established by 1923s. In 2006 the school got certification and the name is converted into Panchayat Union Middle School.
As of 2011 India census, Nathanallur had a population of 2158. Males constitute 48.5% of the population and females 51.5%. Nathanallur has an average literacy rate of 67.8%, higher than the national average of 59.5%: male literacy is 73.9%, and female literacy is 61.9%. In Nathanallur, 12% of the population is under 6 years of age.
Transportation
Village people will get everything from the nearby town Walajabad. Therefore, most of them having two wheeler. However, Few people depending on the public transport. There is no specific public transport for Nathanallur. But people will get the public bus on junction (Nathanallur Koot road) at SH 48 where route 79 and 579A buses are available at every 10 minutes interval.
Walajabad is the only near by railway station for local Trains.
Route List
Legend: HF- High Frequency Route, NS – Night Service Route, LF – Low Frequency Route
Profession
Most of the village people are land lards and Koolis. Agriculture is the main day-to-day work for the village people. But nowadays the agriculture is drastically coming down and real estate business is dominating in the people mind.
Religions
90% of the village peoples are Hindu and remaining peoples are recently being converted to Christians.
Place of Worship
Dhuraimurugar Siva Marabu Sithaandha Dhiyana Sabai, http://www.templedivinesuccess.com
Villages & Towns Near By Nathanallur
Colleges near by Nathanallur
Lord Venkateswaraa Engineering College, Puliambakkam
Adhi College of Engineering and Technology, Sankarapuram
Esenes Institute of Teacher Education, Walajabad
Cholan Teacher Training Institute, Sambarambakkam
Amirtham Institute of Management Studies, Walajabad
Residential Projects
Inno GeoCity, Thenneri
ADHAM properties in MADURANALLUR : //www.adhamproperties.com
References
External links
Nathanallur location in wikimapia
Nathanallur location in Google Map
Villages in Kanchipuram district |
3743915 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Patrick%20Chukwurah | Patrick Chukwurah | Patrick C. Chukwurah (born March 1, 1979) is a Nigerian former American football defensive end. He was drafted by the Minnesota Vikings in the fifth round of the 2001 NFL Draft. He played college football at Wyoming.
Chukwurah has also been a member of the Houston Texans, Denver Broncos, Tampa Bay Buccaneers, Florida Tuskers, and the Seattle Seahawks.
College career
Chukwurah went to the University of Wyoming. He was a three-year starter there and played in 45 career games while racking up 245 tackles and 27 sacks. As a senior, he earned first team All-Mountain West Conference honors, recording 100 tackles and seven sacks. He was UW's defensive captain his senior year. As a junior, he was a second team all-conference selection and earned defensive MVP honors. He ranks 11th on UW's tackles list.
Professional career
Minnesota Vikings
He was drafted with the 26th pick of the 5th round in the 2001 NFL draft by the Minnesota Vikings. On June 18, he signed a 3-year contract with the Minnesota Vikings. During the 2001 season, he played in all 16 games, starting 3 of them, while recording 9 tackles and 2½ sacks. He made his NFL debut on September 9, 2001 against the Carolina Panthers, recording 4 tackles and becoming the first Viking rookie linebacker to start a game since Dwayne Rudd did it in 1997 and the first to start the opener since Roy Winston did it back in 1962. On November 19, he started his second career game against the New York Giants recording his first career sack, sacking quarterback Kerry Collins for a 14-yard loss. That game, he started at defensive end. On December 16, Chukwurah recorded a career high 1½ sacks against the Detroit Lions. In 2002, Patrick Chukwurah played in 11 games, starting two of them. He recorded a career high 14 tackles, recording 12 of them on special teams. At the Chicago Bears on September 8, 2002, he recorded 4 tackles, and on October 13, he recorded a career high 7 tackles against the Detroit Lions. On February 27, 2003, he was cut by the Vikings.
Houston Texans
On March 1, 2003, Chukwurah was acquired from waivers. During the training camp prior to the 2003 season, Patrick Chukwurah tried out for the Houston Texans, however got cut at the final cutdown on September 1.
Denver Broncos
On December 24, 2003, he signed with the Denver Broncos, but was only on the 53-man roster for 2 days, and was released on December 26. He re-signed with the Broncos on January 13, 2004 after the season ended. During the 2004 season, he played in 14 games recording only 4 tackles appearing primarily as a defensive end on passing downs. In 2005, he once again played in 14 games recording 9 tackles, two on defense and seven on special teams. He played in both postseason games that year, recording a special teams tackle against the New England Patriots on January 14, and played against the Pittsburgh Steelers in the AFC Championship game on January 22. On April 3, 2006, he re-signed with the Denver Broncos. During the 2006 season, Chukwurah converted to defensive end. He made his first career start at defensive end in week 1 against the St. Louis Rams.
Tampa Bay Buccaneers
On March 2, 2007, the first day of free agency, the Bucs signed Chukwurah to a five-year, $5.5 million contract. They released him after only one season with the Bucs on June 19, 2008. He later re-signed with them on August 27, 2008, but was released again on August 30. He was re-signed to the Bucs roster on December 17, 2008.
Florida Tuskers
Chukwurah was signed by the Florida Tuskers of the United Football League on August 25, 2009. In the league's first season, Chukwurah led the league in sacks.
Seattle Seahawks
Chukwurah was signed by the Seattle Seahawks on January 8, 2013.
Career statistics
References
External links
Just Sports Stats
1979 births
Living people
Nigerian players of American football
American football defensive ends
American football linebackers
Wyoming Cowboys football players
Minnesota Vikings players
Houston Texans players
Denver Broncos players
Tampa Bay Buccaneers players
Florida Tuskers players
Seattle Seahawks players |
10381097 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/WPCO%20%28South%20Carolina%29 | WPCO (South Carolina) | WPCO (1230 AM, "94.9 The Palm") was a radio station in Columbia, South Carolina. Last owned by Alpha Media, it broadcast an adult album alternative (AAA) format. Its studios were on Pineview Road in Columbia, with a transmitter tower located near Bicentennial Park along the Congaree River in downtown Columbia. It was also heard on FM translator W235CH at 94.9 MHz, using the translator's dial position as its moniker, "94.9 The Palm." (South Carolina is known as the Palmetto State.)
After going silent in January 2022, WPCO's license was cancelled and deleted by the FCC on January 5, 2023. The AAA programming, no longer heard on the AM station, continues on the FM translator, 94.9 W235CH, now rebroadcasting co-owned 93.5 WARQ-HD4.
History
The station signed on the air on January 1, 1947. Its original call sign was WNOK and it featured programing from the Mutual Broadcasting System. In the early 1950s, WNOK had added a UHF TV station on Channel 67, eventually changing to Channel 19 by the early 1960s. (WNOK-TV was sold by 1977, becoming WLTX.) Also, an FM station on 104.7 was added in 1958, which is where WNOK's call letters reside today.
In the late 1950s and early 1960s, WNOK programmed various music genres known then as "Block Programming." In the end, Top 40 won out and, by the mid-1960s, it was full-time Top 40. However, after making little headway against WCOS, it tried "The Now Sound" in 1967, a mix of MOR and light rock/pop. It also affiliated with CBS during that time. In late 1970, it returned to Top 40 and briefly gave WCOS a good run for its money. In 1980, the station changed to country and disco formats under the call letters of WXAP. Neither format lasted more than six months and the WNOK call letters were reclaimed at the end of the year. The station eventually simulcasted parts of WNOK-FM's Top 40 (now known as CHR) format, although much of the remaining broadcast day was still automated under Adult Contemporary and CHR formats. By the fall of 1985, the automation was finally done away with and WNOK was simulcasting full-time with the FM.
In the fall of 1987, WNOK dropped the simulcast, becoming an AOR/Classic rock hybrid as "Rock 1230". However, FM station WMFX signed on shortly afterwards with a similar format, taking away the station's potential audience. In September 1988, the station became "Oldies 1230" under the WODE call letters featuring an oldies format. Unfortunately, FM WPRH became WOMG in the spring of 1989 with a similar format, again taking away much of the station's audience.
In the fall of that year, Price Broadcasting, then-owners of longtime urban contemporary outlet WOIC 1320 AM announced that they were dropping the call letters and format for a simulcast of sister FM, WOMG. In order to prevent any public outcry, arrangements were made with WODE to move the WOIC call letters, format, and staff over to 1230 AM.
WOIC spent much of the 1990s as well as the early 2000s under various urban-flavored formats. In 2003, WOIC became an affiliate of ESPN Radio. This lasted until 2005 when the ESPN programming was moved to sister FM station WZMJ and WOIC was re-launched as an Air America Radio affiliate.
At times, WOIC's ratings had surpassed WISW's, especially during sporting events, because of the performance of teams on WISW, compared to the performance of teams on WOIC (Clemson Tigers (WOIC) versus Gamecocks).
In the 2007 calendar year, teams broadcast on WOIC carried postseason football and basketball coverage; teams broadcast on rival WISW did not, leaving more revenue and higher ratings for these events, which had helped WOIC's ratings against WISW, even though the postseason months are not calculated on Arbitron ratings for the specific days.
Until January 25, 2010, WOIC was in a unique position because of the nationally syndicated liberal shows (Air America) that contrasted with the local population. Even though Columbia, South Carolina is relatively progressive compared to the rest of South Carolina, the state is viewed as the 'reddest state' and generally conservative to paleo-conservative with small enclaves of progressives. WOIC's programming was a mix of liberal (progressive) nationally-syndicated Air America shows and locally produced public interest shows. The weekend show lineup was mostly local programming and helped balance the nationally syndicated overall flavor of the station. There were a number of daily center-left local programs that were heard Monday through Friday. WOIC's line-up served the people of Columbia, better than most, because of the amount of local programming and the ability of listeners to be able to interact with the local show hosts. Especially on the weekends, WOIC was 'Friends and Neighbors' radio.
Changes began to the lineup on January 25, 2010, due to the bankruptcy filing of Air America.
The station became owned by Alpha Media through licensee Alpha Media Licensee LLC, which also owns Urban Contemporary WHXT, Urban AC WWDM, Modern rock WMFX, and Hot AC WARQ in the Columbia radio market.
In July 2012, "The Zone", a local afternoon sports show, moved from WZMJ.
On December 27, 2013, it was announced that the ESPN Radio format would return to WOIC on January 1, 2014, and the station would be rebranded as "ESPN Columbia 1230 AM."
On September 30, 2018, WOIC dropped ESPN Radio and began stunting with a loop of Robert Plant's "29 Palms"' as 94.9 The Palm; on October 1, the station switched to adult album alternative under the same name. On October 11, 2018, WOIC changed their call letters to WPCO.
It was reported to the Federal Communications Commission (FCC) that WPCO was silent as of January 10, 2022. The station license was cancelled and deleted by the FCC on January 5, 2023. The AAA programming, no longer heard on the AM station, continues on the FM translator, 94.9 W235CH, now rebroadcasting co-owned 93.5 WARQ-HD4.
See also
List of radio stations in South Carolina
References
External links
FCC History Cards for WPCO (covering 1946-1980 as WNOK / WXAP)
PCO
Alpha Media radio stations
Radio stations established in 1947
1947 establishments in South Carolina
Radio stations disestablished in 2023
2023 disestablishments in South Carolina
Defunct radio stations in the United States
PCO |
1568228 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lisa%20Lashes | Lisa Lashes | Lisa Lashes (born Lisa Dawn Rose-Wyatt on 23 April 1971 in Coventry, England), is an English electronic dance music DJ and music producer known for mixing numerous Euphoria albums and for her Lashed dance music events.
She has headlined European and international music festivals such as Global Gathering, Creamfields, Nocturnal Wonderland and Dance Valley, UK events such as Godskitchen, Gatecrasher, Inside Out and Planet Love and has toured China, Canada, US, Russia, Australia and New Zealand.
Personal life
Lisa Dawn Rose-Wyatt was born in Holbrooks, Coventry, where she grew up with her mother, father, three sisters, and two brothers. Raised as a Jehovah's Witness, on Sundays, Lisa would attend meetings and knock on neighbors' doors with her parents to hand out The Watchtower and occasionally read from the Bible. In her early years, Lisa went to John Shelton School, then to President Kennedy Comprehensive School and at 16, joined a 2-year youth training scheme with Marks & Spencer, where she continued to climb up the ladder for eight years.
Lisa first discovered a passion for dance music when she began clubbing at legendary events such as Miss Moneypenny's and Chuff Chuff where she got to see her favorite DJs of that time: Lisa Loud, John Kelly and the late Tony De Vit.
1993–2003: Early
Lisa Lashes first emerged as a DJ in 1992. In 1995, she performed at a friend's boat party, where she met Sundissential promoter Paul Madan or 'Madders' she got offered the second official advertisement to continue residency at the Sunday club in Birmingham.
"The Tidy Girls EP" alongside Rachel Auburn, Lisa Pin-Up and Anne Savage.
Her single release, "Unbelievable" (2000) spent one week at No. 63 in the UK Singles Chart in July that year. In October 2003, "What Can You Do 4 Me?" peaked at number 52 in the same chart.
In 2000 Lisa Lashes was voted by readers of DJ Magazine in their annual top 100 list of the most popular DJs, the first and only female to date, to be among the top ten DJs in the world.
2003–2010: The Launch of Lashed
In 2003, Lisa Lashes launched her 'Lashed events' in Ibiza . Having held residencies in Ibiza for several years, playing Godskitchen, Judgement Sundays, Slinky, and Tonic, Lisa wanted to create something completely unique and so for 15 weeks in summer 2003, Lashed in Ibiza took over iconic nightclub 'Eden' in the heart of the San Antonio waterfront and it quickly became a sell out event. To bring Lashed to a global audience, Lisa teamed up with Nettwerk Management to promote Lashed as a premiere dance music event taking Lashed to China, Canada, America, Netherlands, Australia, New Zealand, and Japan.
2010–Present: Transition to trance and techno
Lisa Lashes launched her trance-based Lashed Podcast on iTunes and her website in April 2010. The monthly podcast garnered 90,000 subscribers within the first year. Lisa Lashes then began producing trance music with her debut release 'Election Day' being signed to Marcel Woods' Musical Madness label. She went on to release on labels such as Discover Dark, High Contrast, Reset Records and her own Lashed Music label, some of which received support from leading trance artists Armin van Buuren, Paul van Dyk and Judge Jules. Since her transition to trance music Lisa has performed at major trance events such as A State of Trance 550 in Den Bosch, Holland, Nocturnal Wonderland in California and Gatecrasher in Shanghai, she continues to tour and perform worldwide.
Discography
Albums and compilations
Slinky (1999)
Hard House Euphoria Volume 1 (2000)
Lashed! (2000)
The Tidy Girls Annual (2001)
Extreme Euphoria Volume 1 (2002)
Extreme Euphoria Volume 2 (2002)
Extreme Euphoria Volume 3 (2003)
Extreme Euphoria Volume 4 (2003)
Get Lashed in Australia (2004)
Summer Bangers (2004)
Lashed (2005)
Lashed Euphoria (2006)
The Very Best of Extreme Euphoria (2007)
Lisa Lashes (2007)
Goodgreef Xtra Hard (2009)
Hard Dance Icons 003 (2010)
Singles and EPs
Tidy Girls EP (1999, Tidy Trax)
Sundissential EP (1999, Tidy Trax)
Unbelievable / Dance 2 The House (Don't Go)'' (2000, Tidy Trax)
Lookin' Good (2000, Tidy Trax)
Unbelievable (2000, Tidy Trax)
What Can You Do 4 Me? (2003, Tidy Trax)
Desire (2005, Gravity Trapp)
Deadbeat (2005, Riot! Recordings)
Can't Sleep (2007, Lashed Music)
Always Faithful (2007, Lashed Music)
Lashed Track (2008, Lashed Music)
Zipp It! (2008, Lashed Music)
Has It Come To This? (2009, Lashed Music)
Nu Religion (2009, Kiddfectious)
Disarray (2009, Lashed Music)
Bondage & Whips (2009, Lashed Music)
Dancefloor Orgy (2010, Lashed Music)
Release Me (2010, Siren Trax)
Bring on In / 12 Hours in Brixton (2010, Discover Dark)
Lashed Theme (2010, Lashed Music)
Election Day (2010, Musical Madness)
F33L (2010, Lashed Music)
Hold Tight (2010, Lashed Music)
Emotions (2010, Lashed Music)
52 Degrees (2011, Reset Records)
High Vision (2011, High Contrast)
Numero Uno (2011)
Mandala (2011)
The Bends (2011)
Illusionize (2011)
Snapshot (2012)
Interconnect (2012)
Harmonic Degree (2013)
Topaz (2013)
Wanted To Feel (2013, Lashed Music)
Kaleidoscope (2013, Fraction Records)
ARPwave (2014, Pharmacy)
Virus (2014 Fraction Records)
What You Know (2014)
– exclusive to Social Deconstruction
Mind Control (2012, Lashed Music)
References
External links
– official site
1971 births
Living people
21st-century English women musicians
English record producers
British women record producers
English women DJs
Musicians from Coventry
People from Nuneaton
Electronic dance music DJs |
4444960 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fatehgarh%20Sahib | Fatehgarh Sahib | Fatehgarh Sahib is a city and a sacred pilgrimage site of Sikhism in the north west Indian state of Punjab. It is the headquarters of Fatehgarh Sahib district, located about north of Sirhind. Fatehgarh Sahib is named after Fateh Singh, the 7-year-old son of Guru Gobind Singh, who was seized and buried alive, along with his 9-year-old brother Zoravar Singh, by the Mughals under the orders of governor Wazir Khan during the ongoing Mughal-Sikh wars of the early 18th century. The town experienced major historical events after the martyrdom of the sons in 1705, with frequent changes of control between the Sikhs and Mughals.
The town features historic Gurdwaras, including the underground Bhora Sahib marking the location where the two boys refused to convert to Islam and fearlessly accepted being bricked alive. In contemporary times, the town is the site of educational institutions such as the SGPC run Guru Granth Sahib University and Baba Banda Singh Bahadur Engineering College.
History
The city is a historically important settlement north of the city of Patiala and 42 kilometers (26 mi) west of Punjab's capital, Chandigarh. It is a major pilgrimage center in Sikhism.
The Gurdwara Fatehgarh Sahib is the major landmark in the town. It marks the location where two youngest sons of Guru Gobind Singh Ji – 7-year-old Baba Fateh Singh Ji and 9-year-old Baba Zorawar Singh Ji– were betrayed by their cook and servant Gangu to the Mughal army, seized, asked to convert to Islam and when they refused they were buried alive under the orders of Wazir Khan. Their martyrdom on 9 December 1705 has been remembered by the Sikhs by naming the site as Fatehgarh after the youngest boy killed, and by building a large Gurdwara in 1843. The town is also the location where the Sikhs took revenge by capturing it from Wazir Khan in 1710 and killing him. However, the Sikh militia was defeated again few years later and the town remained in the control of Muslim rulers, including later an appointee of Ahmed Shah Durrani till 1764, when Khalsa recaptured it by defeating and killing the appointee Zain Khan.
Places of worship
The town is home to major Sikh Gurdwaras:
Bhora Sahib: the underground location within Fatehgarh Sahib Gurdwara where the two sons were buried alive. This monument was built by Karam Singh of Patiala in early 19th-century.
Fatehgarh Sahib Gurdwara: the main Sikh temple in the town, in whose basement is Bhora Sahib. The Gurdwara stands on a high point of the town, has an Indo-Islamic architecture with a square plan, a ribbed lotus dome and cusped arches. The floor is made of marble and is decorated with a mosaic. It is three storeyed consisting of a basement, a central pavilion and dome level above. The basement has a copy of the Sikh scripture, Khalsa swords, dagger and other holy historic relics. It is marked with silence, usually with visitors as well as pilgrims seated and praying. The upper level with the central pavilion also houses the Guru Granth Sahib and features kirtan singing. The upper levels and domes were added by Yadavinder Singh in 1955, after India gained its independence from the colonial British Empire.
Gurdwara Jyoti Sarup lies about southeast from Fatehgarh Sahib on the Sirhind-Chandigarh road. At this place, Mata Gujri – the mother of Guru Gobind Singh, and her two youngest grandchildren, Fateh Singh and Zorawar Singh were cremated.
Gurdwara Bimangarh is close to the Fatehgarh Sahib Gurdwara. It is a location where the dead bodies of the two children and their grandmother was kept for the night before the cremation.
Banda Bahadur platform is believed in the Sikh tradition as the place where 6,000 Sikhs died fighting the Muslim army in the Battle of Chapparchiri.
There also exists remains of an ancient Royal inn in the city named Aam Khas Bagh that was initially built by Akbar and rebuilt by Mughal Emperor Shah Jahan.
Shaheedi Jor Mel
Every year between 11th and 14th of the month of Poh (usually about 25 to 27 December), Fatehgarh Sahib is the pilgrimage site for many Sikhs who visit it to remember the martyrdom, locally known as Shaheedi Jor Mel of the sons of Guru Gobind Singh.
Todar Mal Haveli
Todarmal, who is most remembered for defying the Mughals by arranging for the cremation of young martyred sons of Guru Gobind Singh and his mother, had a haveli that still exists, Todar Mal Haveli.
See also
Anandpur Sahib
Harmandir Sahib
Sirhind-Fategarh
History of Sirhind
References
Citations
Sources
External links
Official website
Materializing Sikh Pasts, Anne Murphy (2006)
Cities and towns in Fatehgarh Sahib district
nl:Fatehgarh Sahib (district)
pa:ਫਤੇਹਗਢ੍ਹ ਸਾਹਿਬ ਜਿਲਾ |
11653325 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/National%20Bureau%20of%20Criminal%20Investigation | National Bureau of Criminal Investigation | The Garda National Bureau of Criminal Investigation (GNBCI) () - formerly known as the Central Detective Unit (CDU) () - is the main national criminal investigative branch of the Garda Síochána, the national police force of Ireland.
The unit is responsible for the investigation of organised and serious crime on a national level. It was formed in 1997 with the amalgamation of a number of national and specialist investigation units.
The Garda NBCI is headed by a Detective Chief Superintendent, who reports to the Assistant Commissioner in charge of Organised & Serious Crime.
The bureau is headquartered at Harcourt Street, Dublin City, and operates throughout the country.
Organization
The Garda National Bureau of Criminal Investigation consists mainly of detectives, who are generally senior investigators, and is headed by an officer of Detective Chief Superintendent rank. The head of the Garda NBCI reports to the Assistant Commissioner in charge of Special Crime Operations, who reports directly to the Garda Commissioner. The NBCI was established on 21 January 1997, centralising other investigative branches around the country, as a response to the proliferation of serious and organised crime. Its predecessor was the Garda Central Detective Unit (CDU). Its main function is to provide a specialist investigative response to serious criminal activity, supporting other Garda units and/or local investigators in their investigation into serious crimes. The NBCI is the main unit within the Gardaí that investigates internal Garda criminality and corruption.
The NBCI works closely with other Garda units, and law enforcement agencies from other countries when there is an international dimension to investigations, such as the Police Service of Northern Ireland (PSNI), Metropolitan Police Service and National Crime Agency (NCA) in the United Kingdom.
The NBCI operates from the Dublin Metropolitan Region (DMR) Headquarters of the Gardaí in Harcourt St, Dublin 2. NBCI officers are mostly experienced detectives, who have been promoted to the unit from other investigative units, and the majority have spent time as local/regional detectives. All officers within the NBCI are armed. The unit receives funding for specialist equipment (such as investigative tools, weapons and vehicles) which other areas of the force does not possess, and therefore more serious crimes and crimes of a sensitive nature are investigated by the NBCI.
The Garda NBCI houses the following sub-units;
Anti-Racketeering Unit
Arts and Antiques Unit
Stolen Motor Vehicle Investigation Unit (SMVIU)
Environmental Crime Unit
Criminal Investigation Unit
Serious Crime Review Team ("Cold Case Unit")
Remit
Murder
Stolen Motor Vehicles & Plant Machinery
Serious & Organised Crime
Theft of Computer Components
Anti-Racketeering
Arts and Antiques Thefts
Environmental Crime
Postal and Telegraphy Thefts and Fraud
Intellectual Property Rights Violations
Review of Major Investigations
Cold Case Investigations
Extradition of Fugitives
Internal Investigation of Corruption / Criminality
The responsibility for the investigation of crime rests with local Garda Superintendents, the NBCI provides expertise and skills in the investigation of serious and organised crime. Bureau staff members assist in all aspects of the investigation including;
Preliminary enquiries
Case management
Incident Room management
General investigation
File preparation
Interviewing of Suspects and Witnesses
Specialist investigation teams from NBCI carry out these tasks when requested by local Garda officers or on the direction of senior Garda Management.
Weapons
Unlike regular uniformed Garda officers – who are unarmed – detectives of the NBCI are plainclothes armed officers. NBCI detectives are armed and receive a higher standard of firearms training than regular Garda detectives, due to the nature of their work.
NBCI officers are routinely armed with either of the following;
SIG Sauer P226 (9×19mm Parabellum semi-automatic pistol)
Walther P99 (9×19mm Parabellum semi-automatic pistol)
See also
Criminal Assets Bureau (CAB)
Garda Drugs and Organised Crime Bureau
National Economic Crime Bureau (GNECB)
References
External links
Garda Síochána official website
Garda Síochána units |
21498011 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Seville%20Declarations%20on%20the%20Treaty%20of%20Nice | Seville Declarations on the Treaty of Nice | On 21 June 2002, the Irish Government made a National Declaration at the Seville European Council emphasising its commitment to the European Union's security and defence policy.
Background
After the first failed Irish referendum on the Treaty of Nice, EU Leaders met to discuss the outcome of the Irish Referendum in Seville (Spanish Presidency of the Council of the European Union.) Out of the meeting came declarations known as the Seville Declarations on the Treaty of Nice
At the Seville European Council (21–22 June 2002) the other EU14 governments accepted an Irish declaration that spelled out the triple lock - UN mandate; cabinet approval; Dáil Éireann approval - on Irish participation in EU activities of a military nature. The triple lock was nothing new as the Government never deployed Irish defence forces without UN approval to maintain Military neutrality, and moreover the declaration had no legal status, so this measure on the part of the Irish government must be understood primarily as a political signal to the Irish electorate. In response to the Irish declaration, the European Council issued a declaration of its own. It recognised the right of Ireland (and all other member states) to decide in accordance with National Constitutions and laws whether and how to participate in any activities under the European Security and Defence Policy.
It led to the second Irish referendum on the Treaty of Nice.
National Declaration by Ireland to the EU Council – Seville, 21 June 2002
Ireland reaffirms its attachment to the aims and principles of Charter of the United Nations, which confers primary responsibility for the maintenance of international peace and security upon the United Nations Security Council.
Ireland recalls its commitment to the common foreign and security policy of the European Union as set out in the Treaty on European Union, adopted at Maastricht, amended at Amsterdam and approved on each occasion by the Irish people through referendum.
Ireland confirms that its participation in the European Unions common foreign and security policy does not prejudice its traditional policy of military neutrality. The Treaty on European Union makes clear that the Union's security and defence policy shall not prejudice the specific character of the security and defence policy of certain Member States.
In line with its traditional policy of military neutrality, Ireland is not bound by any mutual defence commitment. Nor is Ireland party to any plans to develop a European army. Indeed, the Nice European Council recognised that the development of the Union's capacity to conduct humanitarian and crisis management tasks does not involve the establishment of a European Army.
The Treaty on European Union specifies that any decision by the Union to move to a common defence would have to be taken by unanimous decision of the Member States and adopted in accordance with their respective constitutional requirements. The Government of Ireland have made a firm commitment to the people of Ireland, solemnized in this Declaration, that a referendum will be held in Ireland on the adoption of any such decision and on any future Treaty which would involve Ireland departing from its traditional policy of military neutrality.
Ireland reiterates that the participation of contingents of the Irish Defence Forces in overseas operations, including those carried out under the European security and defence policy, requires (a) the authorisation of the operation by the Security Council or the General Assembly of the United Nations, (b) the agreement of the Irish Government and (c) the approval of Dáil Éireann, in accordance with Irish law.
The situation set out in this Declaration would be unaffected by the entry into force of the Treaty of Nice. In the event of Ireland's ratification of the Treaty of Nice, this Declaration will be associated with Ireland's instrument of ratification.
Declaration of the European Council
The European Council takes cognizance of the National Declaration of Ireland presented at its meeting in Seville on 21–22 June 2002. It notes that Ireland intends to associate its National Declaration with its act of ratification of the Treaty of Nice, should the people of Ireland in a referendum decide to accept the Treaty of Nice.
The European Council notes that the Treaty on European Union provides that any decision to move to a common defence shall be adopted in accordance with the respective constitutional requirements of the Member States
The European Council recalls that under the terms of the Treaty on European Union the policy of the Union shall not prejudice the specific character of the security and defence policy of certain Member States. Ireland has drawn attention, in this regard, to its traditional policy of Military Neutrality.
The European Council acknowledges that the Treaty on European Union does not impose any binding mutual defence commitments. Nor does the development of the Union's capacity to conduct humanitarian and crisis management tasks involve the establishment of a European Army.
The European Council confirms that the situation referred to in paragraphs 2, 3 and 4 above would be unchanged by the entry into force of the Treaty of Nice.
The European Council recognises that, like all Member States of the Union, Ireland would retain the right, following the entry into force of the Treaty of Nice, to take its own sovereign decision, in accordance with its Constitution and its laws, on whether to commit military personnel to participate in any operation carried out under the European Security and Defence Policy. Ireland, in its national Statement, has clearly set out its position in this regard.
See also
Irish neutrality
References
Treaties amending the founding treaties of the European Union
Declarations of the European Union
2002 in politics
Military history of the European Union
Government statements
Ireland and the European Union
Military diplomacy
Policy
Defense policy |
38022462 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Stephen%20Chukwumah | Stephen Chukwumah | Stephen Chibuikem Chukwumah (born 17 September 1988) is a Nigerian born Advocate and Strategist with extensive background in Youth Leadership and Advocacy, Policy, Movement Building, and Fund Raising. He is a public speaker and a former fellow of the faculty of Law, University of York, England. Stephen Chukwumah had a five year career as a Lead Division Coordinator at the International Monetary Fund in Washington, D.C., and is currently a Policy Advocate at the Council for Global Equality. He is from Ebenebe in Awka North LGA, Anambra state, Nigeria.
Education
Stephen has a masters degree in Global Policy from Johns Hopkins University and a certificate in Organisational Leadership from Harvard. He started his primary education at Duro-Oyedoyin primary school surulere Lagos and finished as one of the best pupil, he attended Iponri Estate High School in surulere Lagos for his secondary education. During his time in high school, Stephen and a select few were chosen by their teachers to represent their school at the National Youth AIDS program for peer-educators organised by the Lagos state government and National Union of Teachers Lagos state chapter. Stephen was offered admission to read mass-communication at Nnamdi Azikiwe University in Awka Anambra state but he proceeded to the prestigious Ambrose Alli University Ekpoma, Edo state, to read English and Literary studies. During his first year at the university, he was voted his class representative after a keenly contested election and he occupied the position till graduation due to his impeccable leadership skills and for constantly advocating for the rights of students in the university. After his undergraduate degree, Stephen proceeded to the University of York in England as visiting fellow in the faculty of law.
Career
Stephen worked as a peer-educator in his early days in high school and was trained by the Lagos State Government through the National Youth AIDS program and also through the National Union of Teachers' HIV/AIDS program Lagos chapter. He started at a very young age, his advocacy and voluntary work with NGO's in Nigeria, working with Most at Risk Populations(MARPS), serving as a youth board member for one of Nigeria's NGO working on sexual health. Stephen started his international work with the Youth Coalition on sexual and reproductive rights in Canada, he served as an International Youth Advisor to the United Nations Fund Population Agency and as an International Advisor to Rutgers Nisso Group through their Youth Incentives program in the Netherlands. He worked as a steering committee member for the HIV Young Leaders Fund, served as a youth activist for Advocates for Youth in Washington, D.C., United States. He is the founder and Executive Director of Improved Youth Health Initiative, working on sexual health and rights for and with young people in Eastern Nigeria. He has a diploma from the RFSU International Training program on Sexual Health and Human Rights in Stockholm Sweden and Cape Town South Africa sponsored by the Swedish government.
In May 2013, Stephen Chukwumah with three other representatives from civil society organisations met with the Swedish minister for International Development Cooperation Ms. Gunilla Carlsson to discuss development issues affecting young people in Nigeria and suggest possible ways of co-operation between Sweden and Nigeria. In December of the same year, Stephen Chukwumah wrote an open letter to the Senate President of Nigeria, condemning the governments move to criminalise sexual minorities. In his open letter, he highlighted the ugly impact their actions would have on Nigeria's effort to curb HIV/AIDS. The widely read letter was published on different media platforms with excerpts from the letter appearing in an article in the renowned UK magazine The Economist.
In 2013, Stephen became the youngest at the time to be awarded a scholarship to do a fellowship at the Faculty of Law University of York in England. During his time in England, he was invited to a breakfast with the Mayor of York to discuss his work and general human rights issues in Nigeria and the African region.
Stephen is also regarded as a refreshing public speaker and has spoken to young girls at the Mount school in York United Kingdom. He was one of the speakers at the Langwith College International Action Week and gave a very well received public talk on sexual rights to professors and students of the faculty of law University of York England.
Stephen speaks at international conferences, workshops, trainings and has spoken at the highly acclaimed University of Maryland, USA. He facilitates sessions and workshops at international and local trainings including a session at the 2012 International AIDS conference youth pre-conference. Stephen travels the world working on human rights and sexual health issues and he writes on topics that he is passionate about. He writes about social issues in Nigeria through articles on Jungle Justice, Gender Equality. and an Open Letter to Governor Abiola Ajimobi of Oyo state in south-western Nigeria.
In November 2016, Stephen Chukwumah was selected as DyNAMC Magazine's Leader for a Changing World and was featured on the front page of their November issue.
Acting and dancing
Stephen started acting as a hobby at a young age at home and in church and would then proceed to becoming very popular in secondary school for participating in drama presentations. As a teenager, he started dancing professionally with a dance group in Lagos and they performed at different events and cities in Nigeria. Stephen through his work with Youth Abalaze in Nigeria was featured in a campus soap-opera "Evanessence" but has since been unreleased.
Human rights activism
Stephen Chukwumah is an internationally recognised human rights activist. His involvement with human rights work started in school with advocating for the rights of students which led him into hiding in a remote village in Edo state Nigeria for two weeks after participating in a student protest and challenging the state government on television for increasing school fees. In 2007 he started a youth organisation that provides sexual health and human rights information and services to young sexual minorities. Stephen through his organisation Improved Youth Health Initiative, continues to provide human rights and HIV/AIDS information and services to young minorities with funding and technical support from MTV Staying Alive Foundation and Advocates for Youth.
References
External links
http://zimuzo.com/2013/01/11/stephen-chukwumah/
http://youthcoalition.org/html/alumni.php?alumni=1
http://www.hivyoungleadersfund.org/about-us/team/
https://www.law.upenn.edu/journals/jlasc/articles/volume15/issue2/Kossen15U.Pa.J.L.&Soc.Change(2012)143.pdf
http://www.bayelsabookfair.com/stephen-chukwumah/
http://www.conversationsforabetterworld.com/2011/06/get-involved
http://www.iyhinitiative.org/
http://telegraphng.com/2013/10/campaign-sexual-health-rights-issues-2/
Nigerian activists
Living people
1988 births |
8130514 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Central%20Arkansas%20Christian%20Schools | Central Arkansas Christian Schools | Central Arkansas Christian Schools (CAC) is a group of three private schools based in North Little Rock, Arkansas, United States. CAC was established in 1971 at Sylvan Hills Church of Christ in Sherwood, Arkansas. Because of its foundation date, the school has been categorized as a segregation academy although enrollment records indicate black students were enrolled in the school as early as 1974. The Central Arkansas Christian School system includes a combination middle and high school campus in North Little Rock and two elementary schools: a campus in Pleasant Valley/Little Rock and a campus in North Little Rock. Together, they composed the state's fourth-largest combined private school for the 2018-19 school year. The schools are "affiliated" with (but not operated or owned by) the Churches of Christ and are members of the Council for Advancement and Support of Education.
History
Central Arkansas Christian School opened in 1971. Because of the timing of the school's establishment, it has been categorized as a segregation academy, a term associated with private schools established in response to the court ordered racial integration of public schools. Although categorized as a segregation academy, the "founders of the school repeatedly stated that admission was open to all regardless of race." Additionally, black students were enrolled in the school as early as 1974.
The organization bought of adjacent land, for $500,000 in August 2003, to allow further expansion. Notable visitors to the school include Pat Buchanan, who spoke to the high school students in 1999.
Academics
Central Arkansas Christian School is fully accredited by AdvancED and the Arkansas Non-public Schools Accrediting Association. CAC is also a member of the National Christian School Association and The College Board.
Extracurricular activities
The Central Arkansas Christian High School mascot and athletic emblem is the Mustang with purple and gold serving as the school colors.
Athletics
The CAC Mustangs participate in the 4A Classification within the 4A 2 Conference as administered by the Arkansas Activities Association. The Mustangs compete in football, volleyball, golf (boys/girls), cross country (boys/girls), basketball (boys/girls), soccer (boys/girls), cheer, swimming and driving (boys/girls), tennis (boys/girls), baseball, fastpitch softball, wrestling, track and field (boys/girls), and bowling (boys/girls).
Central Arkansas Christian High School has won many state championships including:
Football: 2004.
Golf: 1994, 1997, 2005, 2012 (boys); 2015 (girls)
Basketball: 2005, 2006, 2007, 2018 (girls)
Baseball: 1990, 1994, 1995, 2000, 2004, 2009
Tennis: 1982, 1998, 2005, 2010 (boys)
Soccer: 2006–08, 2012–13, 2016–19 (girls); 2008, 2015, 2019 (boys)
Softball: 2006 (AAA)
Wrestling: 2008
Bowling: 2021 (girls)
CAC became the first private school in Arkansas to add wrestling to their program. The wrestling team won the 2008 Arkansas Wrestling Association championship, in the 1A-4A classification.
Notable alumni
A. J. Burnett (1995)—Athlete; Major League Baseball (MLB) professional pitcher.
Jennifer Sherrill (2002)—Miss Arkansas USA 2004.
D. J. Williams (2007)—Athlete; NFL professional football player.
Joe Adams (2008)—Athlete; NFL professional football player.
Christyn Williams (2018)—Athlete; 2018 Gatorade National Player of the Year, University of Connecticut women's basketball player
Steven McRoberts (1988)—Missouri State Volleyball Coach
Rob Pickens (2014) —Wigmaster
References
External links
Segregation academies in Arkansas
1971 establishments in Arkansas
Christian schools in Arkansas
Churches of Christ
Educational institutions established in 1971
Private K-12 schools in Arkansas
Schools in Pulaski County, Arkansas
High schools in North Little Rock, Arkansas |
54458012 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/La%20Motte-Picquet-class%20cruiser | La Motte-Picquet-class cruiser | The La Motte-Picquet class were a planned series of light cruisers for the French Navy and named after French admiral Toussaint-Guillaume Picquet de la Motte. Although designed in 1912, the scheduled construction of La Motte-Picquet was suspended due to the outbreak of World War I before the ships could be laid down. The design would be revived and used as the basis for the after the war. The name of the planned 1912 lead ship, would be reused by the .
Design and development
The design work on the La Motte-Picquet class has its origins in the early 1900s. France, had lagged behind neighbouring European powers such as the United Kingdom and the German Empire in naval construction. This was due to France's continued focus on building armoured cruisers. These ships were powerful, heavily armoured but costly, and increasingly obsolete (Britain and Germany having stopped building armoured cruisers several years earlier) compared to newer types of warships such as battlecruisers. By 1912, the deficit of newer modern classes of ships such as super-dreadnought-type battleships, and light cruisers in the French navy had become increasingly obvious. The French Minister of Marine issued an ambitious Statut Naval (Naval Law) on 30 March 1912, to reverse the perceived decline in French naval power. The 1912 Statut Naval called for the construction of 28 battleships, 10 scout cruisers, 52 fleet torpedo boats, 94 submarines and 10 ships for "distant stations" by 1920.
Initial plans were for 6,000-tonne éclaireurs d'escadre (fleet scouts), but shortly after a smaller design was chosen, similar to the British and German and es. Three of these ships, which were subsequently reclassified as convoyeurs d'escadrilles (flotilla leaders) were to be initially laid down in the Toulon Naval Dockyard on November 1914. Two more of the class were planned to be built in private shipyards. Shortly after Germany declared war on France on 3 August 1914, all naval construction in France was suspended and the design plans for the La Motte-Picquet class laid in abeyance. The plans were reviewed in July 1915 by the STCN (Service technique des constructions navales), with several suggestions to improve the design. These suggestions were, enlarging the ship, the addition of four 65 mm/50 Modèle 1902 high-angle guns, suppression of the main mast and the reduction of shafts from four to two. These proposals were not adopted and the plans remained dormant. France would not operate any modern light cruisers throughout the rest of the war and her first modern light cruisers would be war prizes from the Imperial German Navy and Austro-Hungarian Navy. On September 1919, the light cruiser design was revived and the suggested 1915 changes to the La Motte-Picquet class were reused as the basis for developing France's first postwar ships, the s. These light cruisers would be the first warships designed and built after the Great War in the world. These revised plans were for six new cruisers were presented by the new French Minister of Marine, Georges Leygues on 13 January 1920 under the 'Project 171' program. Project 171 was a major restructuring plan for the French navy after the huge economic and financial toll left on France after the First World War. The project also called for the building of twelve new torpilleurs-éclaireurs (scout torpedo boats) and the abandonment of the incomplete save for one, which would be converted into the aircraft carrier .
The La Motte-Picquet class was to be the French Navy's first light cruisers, having previously only constructed armoured and protected cruisers. The defining feature of light cruisers being an armoured belt along their outer hull. The La Motte-Picquets was planned to have a relatively thin thick belt over the machinery with end bulkheads of . The gun shields were only thick. Other common areas of protection such as the conning tower and deck armour thickness are not known.
The La Motte-Picquet class primary armament were to be eight Canon de 138 mm Modèle 1910 naval guns which were the secondary armament of the and battleships and primary armament of the es (fr). All main guns were to be in single shielded mounts, with two forward, two aft, and four mountings amidships. Secondary armaments consisted of two QF 3-pounder Hotchkiss guns. The torpedo armament was to consist of four above-water tubes on the main deck above the engine room.
Unlike contemporary British cruisers of the period which had a raked bow, the La Motte-Picquet class had a traditional hull with a straight stem. Another conservative element in the La Motte-Picquet class compared to light cruisers of other countries was the propulsion system. While other countries had begun building cruisers with destroyer turbine engines, the La Motte-Picquet class would be powered by twelve boilers, of which were eight coal-fired and four partial oil-firing. The projected speed of the cruisers would be .
See also
German FK cruiser designs - World War I German cruiser design series, never built
Footnotes
Bibliography
Cruiser classes
Proposed ships
Ship classes of the French Navy |
1615633 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lithia%20Park | Lithia Park | Lithia Park is the largest and most central park of Ashland, Oregon, United States. It consists of of forested canyonland around Ashland Creek, stretching from the downtown plaza up toward its headwaters near Mount Ashland. Its name originates from lithium oxide (Li2O) or "lithia," which is found in the stream water pumped to the park.
The park has two large greens, a bandshell for public musical performances, two duck ponds, a large playground, tennis courts, community buildings and, in winter, an ice skating rink. It also offers picnic areas and miles of hiking trails.
The park was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1982. It features a Japanese garden.
History
The area which now comprises the entrance to Lithia Park was the site of Abel Helman and Eber Emery's flour mill, the first building in what is now the city of Ashland—established in 1852. By the time the town (then called Ashland Mills) had grown up around the area, the old mill had become an eyesore, dirty with livestock and the mill all but abandoned.
The Chautauqua movement was very influential in Ashland, and many of the members of the Ladies Chautauqua Club formed the Women's Civic Improvement Club. Central to the focus of the club was the establishment of a park in Ashland. In 1908, after lobbying the city council, an amendment to the city charter was made establishing an elected park commission and setting aside all city-owned property bordering Ashland Creek for use as a park.
In 1907 a lithia water spring was discovered at Emigrant Creek several miles to the east. Upon analysis, the water was shown to have the second-highest concentration of (presumably beneficial) lithium in any natural spring (the highest being in the famous springs of Saratoga, New York). Bert Greer, a journalist, moved to Ashland in 1911 and purchased the Ashland Tidings newspaper. He agitated for the idea of establishing a mineral water resort at Ashland, and campaigned for a bond issue to fund mineral springs-related improvements to the park.
In 1914, the bond issue was passed, and the park commission engaged John McLaren, landscape architect of San Francisco's Golden Gate Park, to design improvements to the park. Additionally, Smith, Emery and Company were retained to do the necessary plumbing to pipe the "healthful" mineral waters into the park. During the ensuing period, much controversy arose over the spending of money and control of the park. The bond issue had placed authority in the hands of the Mineral Springs Commission (headed by Greer), and in 1916 Ashlanders voted to return control of the (now-named) Lithia Springs Park to the park commission.
During this period, in 1915, the park commission opened a free auto camp along the margins of the park, which remained popular, with several rounds of improvements to campsites and facilities, until closed.
Interest in a mineral springs resort faded (though was briefly revived in the 1920s). Plantings by the WPA under Chet Corry (appointed superintendent in 1937) improved the landscaping of the park entrance. Corry also implemented a new approach, bringing many native plants and landscaping features into the park.
During the next several years, the park commission expanded to establish many parks in Ashland; however, Lithia Park itself fell into disrepair. Financial and maintenance strains caused many features of the park to decay, and vandals destroyed several landmarks.
In 1974, a huge blow was dealt to the park when a devastating flood scoured much of the parkland. Ashlanders again voted for additional funding for the park, which went into repairing the storm damage as well as improvements and repairs. A subsequent flood, in early 1997, again damaged much of the park and the downtown Ashland Plaza area. Significant structural work on Ashland Creek and the parks bridges in the years following this flood helped to prevent further disaster and turned Lithia Park it into the centerpiece of the town that it is today.
The park was named by the American Planning Association as one of 10 Great Public Spaces in America in 2014.
See also
Statue of Abraham Lincoln (Ashland, Oregon)
References
External links
Lithia Park - City of Ashland
High resolution photographs of Lithia Park
Ashland, Oregon: From Stage Coach to Center Stage, a National Park Service Discover Our Shared Heritage Travel Itinerary
1892 establishments in Oregon
Ashland, Oregon
Historic districts in Oregon
Municipal parks in Oregon
National Register of Historic Places in Jackson County, Oregon
Parks in Jackson County, Oregon
Works Progress Administration in Oregon |
44543973 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Robert%20Neddermeyer | Robert Neddermeyer | Robert Neddermeyer (3 April 1887 in Altona18 October 1965 in Potsdam) was a German political activist and Communist politician.
Life
Early years
Neddermeyer was born in the Altona district of Hamburg during the final years of the Bismarck era. His father was a port worker and a sailor. On leaving school his early work included periods both at sea and, as a building worker and later on the railways and as a Hamburg telegraph operator, on land. He became a trades unionist in 1901 and in 1904 he joined the Social Democratic Party.
He interrupted his work with the telegraph service for a period of service in the navy between 1909 and 1912, and then served in the navy again during the First World War. He was an active participant in the Kiel mutiny which kicked off the German Revolution of 1918–19.
Weimar years
During the 1914/18 war the political left in Germany split, primarily over the issue of support for the war, and following the foundation of what later became known as the Weimar republic, Neddermeyer joined the newly formed German Communist Party (KPD). In the autumn of 1921 he underwent a political training course at the Party School in Berlin, and then between 1922 and 1926 served as party secretary to various regional Communist Party Associations, including a period at Bielefeld in 1923 when he took on a regional leadership party function.
1924 began as a crisis year, with inflation out of control and acute economic hardship widespread. There were two national elections in a single year. At the first of these, in May, Robert Neddermeyer was elected as a KPD member of the National Reichstag in Weimar. Communist party support nationally fell back later in the year after the reparations issue was partially addressed and the economy began to stabilise, but Neddermeyer held on to his own Reichstag seat until 1928. In 1924 he had also participated in the Fifth World Congress of the Comintern. Following the death of Lenin and his successor's change of strategy, the German Communist party became riven with internal divisions of its own. In 1925 Neddermeyer sided unambiguously with the so-called "ultra-left" faction.
On leaving the National Assembly in 1928 Neddermeyer was promptly elected to the Regional Assembly in Prussia, where he sat as a member continuously till 1933. Meanwhile, in 1930 he also became the owner of a small poultry farm near Liebenwalde, which he held on to till 1945, while also working as a poultryman for other farmers in the area. In 1930 he also found time to become a city councillor in Königsberg, another office which he retained till 1933. In 1931 he established the Revolutionary Agricultural Workers' Association of East Prussia (Revolutionären Landarbeiterverband Ostpreußen), becoming the organisation's first chairman.
Nazi years
In January 1933 the Nazi Party seized power and rapidly put an end to multi-party democratic government. Neddermeyer became part of the (necessarily underground) illegal Communist resistance in Germany. His activities included editing "Socialist Republic", an underground newspaper based in Cologne with a circulation of between 1,000 and 2,000 copies per edition.
On account both of his Communist past and of his resistance activities, between 1933 and 1945 Neddemeyer frequently found himself arrested and placed in prisons or concentration camps. He was interned in concentration camps at Sachsenhausen and at Esterwegen. On 18 July 1944 he was arrested as a member of the Anton Saefkow group and on 6 October 1944 sentenced to three years in prison, but his sentence was cut short in April 1945 when he was released from the prison at Brandenburg-Görden as the war ended.
The Soviet occupation zone / East Germany
In 1945 Robert Neddermeyer served briefly as the mayor of Liebenwalde, the town near to which he still owned a small chicken farm. Between 1945 and 1946, he was Deputy Administrator of the important Niederbarnim region, subsequently renamed. In parallel to this he also served as District High Commissioner in Bernau. He was also de facto chairman of the Brandenburg State Land Commission and Brandenburg regional secretary (later chairman) of the Peasants' Mutual Aid Association (VdgB / Vereinigung der gegenseitigen Bauernhilfe). The VdgB had some of the features of a political party. East Germany is generally identified as a one party state because one party, the Socialist Unity Party of Germany (SED Sozialistische Einheitspartei Deutschlands) monopolised power. But there were other parties - for most of the time five - with fixed quotas of seats in the National Legislative Assembly (Volkskammer), were organised into a single Bloc party. This was controlled, along with other "mass organisations" by the ruling SED (party) through an institution called the (East German) National Front. The VdgB was one of the mass organisations included in the National Front and which also, from 1953 till 1960 (and again after 1986) had seats in the Volkskammer.
Neddermeyer succeeded Richard Kramer as secretary of the VdgB in March 1947, continuing in this position for approximately eighteen months. He then, in 1949, briefly served as the orqanisation's chairman. He also, in 1948, became a member of the Brandenburg Regional Assembly where between 1950 and 1952 he sat on the Agriculture and Forestry Committee. His career in the Brandenburg assembly came to an end when the Brandenburg assembly was dissolved as part of a wider reconfiguration of regional government. Much power passed now to Berlin, while residual powers of the regional assemblies were transferred to District Assemblies: in 1952 Richard Neddermeyer became a member of the Potsdam District Assembly.
Publications
Landarbeiter im Kampf gegen Barone, Nazis und Bonzen!, 1932. (Communist Party election material)
Es Begann in Hamburg. Ein Deutscher Kommunist Erzählt aus Seinem Leben, Berlin 1980. (quasi-autobiography (ghost-)written and edited by Martha Born und Heinz Heitzer :posthumously published by Karl Grünberg)
References
1887 births
1965 deaths
People from Altona, Hamburg
Social Democratic Party of Germany politicians
Communist Party of Germany politicians
Socialist Unity Party of Germany politicians
Members of the Reichstag of the Weimar Republic
Members of the Chamber of States
Peasants Mutual Aid Association members
Prussian politicians
Members of the Landtag of Brandenburg
Mayors of places in Brandenburg
German male writers
German male journalists
Imperial German Navy personnel of World War I
Communists in the German Resistance
Sachsenhausen concentration camp prisoners
20th-century German journalists |
65494609 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tahir%20Kolgjini | Tahir Kolgjini | Hafiz Tahir Kolgjini (Lusën, Kukës County, Albania, 24 April 1903 – Istanbul, 12 December 1988) was an Albanian imam, scholar, writer, poet, historian, and clerk.
Biography
He was born in the Lamshejt neighborhood of Lusën as the son of Alia (son of Osman) Kolgjini and Qamila (daughter of Sadik) Tota. He began his training with Mullah Ademi in Skopje, but emigrated to Istanbul with his family during the Balkan Wars, and though the rest of the family returned after six months, he stayed in the Turkish capital with his merchant father. Tahir studied at Fatih Sultan Mehmet Elementary School there, learning the Quran by heart and thus earning the title Hafiz. In Istanbul, he attended the Dar-ul Hilafet-ul Aliyye High Madrasa until that institution was shut down by Mustafa Kemal Atatürk in 1924.
From 1925 to 1926, he worked as a teacher and principal in Bicaj, going on to do the same in his hometown from 1927-28 until he resigned and moved to Tirana. At the end of 1928, he was appointed secretary of the peace court in Himara, followed by a promotion in April 1929 to secretary of the Court of First Instance in Kukës. In 1932, he ran for office for a banned political party in a rigged election, for which he was imprisoned in Porto Palermo Castle. After serving his sentence, he returned to Kukës to work as a government clerk.
In 1939, he was appointed mayor of Kukës. After the invasion of Yugoslavia in 1941, he settled in Prizren to promote the Albanian language as president of the Kosovo region starting on April 15, returning to Kukës once more that October. In November, he met with Muslim clergy and convened the Congress of Muslim Clergy in Prizren with Hafiz Abdullah Telaku, under the direction of Fejzi Alizoti. Kolgjini helped smooth over relations between the new body and puppet Prime Minister of Albania Mustafa Merlika-Kruja, urging the latter to mollify guerrilla Muharrem Bajraktari with an appointment as prefect of Lumë. Kolgjini was then appointed prefect in Gjirokastër from 1942 to 1943, then returned to Pristina for some months in 1943 after Kruja's dismissal. He joined the Interior Ministry of Xhafer Deva as General Director of the Police from September 1943 to his dismissal in August 1944.
From August 1944 to 24 November that year he served as a prefect of Shkodër. He escaped the advancing Allied forces by joining the exodus of Gjon Markagjoni and his followers in the short-lived Republic of Mirdita, who went through the Yugoslavia to Vienna. Kolgjini and eight friends moved on to Milan and Rome, and he would settle with an entourage of anti-communists in Reggio Emilia until 1948. On 30 June 1948 he arrived in Istanbul after a three-day voyage on a ship named after his destination.
In exile, he joined the Blloku Kombëtar Independent and participated in various Albanian emigrant causes.
He died in Istanbul.
Work
He has written articles and works in many fields and different languages, on literary, political, cultural, and scientific topics. His work has been published in newspapers and magazines throughout Europe as well as in the United States of America.
Both under his own name and under pseudonyms (such as Lok Limthi, Dylej, and Dashamiri), Kolgjini published in such publications as Ernest Koliqi’s Shêjzat in Rome, Prof. Lec Shllaku’s Koha e Jonë in Paris, the Boston-based Dielli (published by Vatra, the Pan-Albanian Federation of America), and the Istanbul papers Vardari and Besa. Other works include:
Shpalime rreth Lahutës së Malcís (“Revelations about The Highland Lute”), over 300 pages, Istanbul, 1969.
Esad Pashë Toptani dhe akuzat q'i bahen (“Essad Pasha Toptani and the Accusations Against Him”), Istanbul, 1977.
Të vërtetat shqiptaro-greke (“Albanian-Greek Realities”), originally published as Arnavutluk ve Yuninistan Gerçekleri in Turkish, Istanbul, 1968; a translation into Albanian was published in 1997 with a foreword by Hysamedin Feraj.
“Fjalët turkisht në Lahutën e Malësisë” (“Turkish words in The Highland Lute”), Shêjzat, Rome, 1962.
Luma dhe luftat e saj (“Luma and her fights”), Istanbul, 1970.
Po vajtojmë Gjon Gjinin (“We Are Mourning Gjon Gjini”), Istanbul, 1979.
Poetry, Tirana, 1993, a summary compiled by Agim Spahiu.
References
Albanian imams
Albanian poets
Albanian writers
1903 births
1988 deaths |
16757248 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kane%20Alexander | Kane Alexander | Kane Alexander is an Australian jazz singer, classical singer, and television actor. He has appeared on Blue Heelers, Neighbours, Stingers and Good Morning Australia.
Early life
Alexander grew up in Victoria, where he was raised on an isolated farm in the Victoria's wheat-belt. At the age of six, he discovered a box of old records belonging to his grandparents in an old shed. These included artists such as Louis Armstrong, Ella Fitzgerald, Frank Sinatra, and Slim Dusty. One of the records was by Mario Lanza, who he thanks for sparking his lifelong love for operatic and classical singing.
He studied and graduated from the Victorian College of the Arts in voice and drama, after which worked in jazz clubs in New York. After working in the New York jazz scene from 2000 to 2002, he returned to Australia.
Professional career
Alexander is best known for his lead roles he has performed on the Australian stage. Some of his well-known roles include Bobby Strong in Melbourne Theatre Company's Urinetown, Claude in Hair, Willard in Footloose, Billy Crocker in Anything Goes, and the Scarecrow in the Sydney season of The Wizard Of Oz. He has also appeared in the 10th-anniversary production of Les Misérables, South Pacific, Only Heaven Knows and Angry Penguins.
Alexander has also toured Australia in concert with the Australian Philharmonic Orchestra.
In 2000, Kane took his cabaret show to New York. There he appeared at the FireBird Cafe and Algonquin Hotel's Oak Room. In the 2001 New York Cabaret Awards, he was named "Best New Voice" in the Theatermania Cabaret list, and won both the BISTRO and MAC Awards for "Most Outstanding Debut". Furthermore, he became "Critic's Pick" in the New York Post, and "Pick of the Week" in New York's Time Out Magazine for three consecutive weeks. In 2002, he was requested to perform alongside Natalie Cole at Rupert Murdoch's 70th birthday party, hosted in New York.
After his return to Australia, he was named a finalist in the Arts section of the 2001 Young Australian of the Year Awards, and nominated for a MO Award for his performance in Footloose. Kane also completed a tour with the Australian Philharmonic Orchestra, performing The Music of Lerner & Loewe at concert halls around Australia.
Alexander has also made several television appearances, such as Good Morning Australia, Denise, The Midday Show, In Melbourne Tonight, Carols By Candlelight and The Good Friday Appeal Gala, along with roles in Late For School, Neighbours, Water Rats and Stingers. He also appeared as a guest performer on the 18 June 2006 special broadcast of The Footy Show which was filmed in Munich in which he performed the song "Timeless" with Australian icon Tina Arena. The show was specially broadcast in support of the Australian soccer team for the 2006 world cup.
Kane Alexander (debut album)
The concept for the album emerged from Kane's passion for pop, opera, and the sweeping orchestration of the most memorable movie themes.
"I wanted to make an album that moved people, with songs that told a story. I wanted to take the listener on a journey. But I wanted a cinematic sound. I wanted the orchestra to be scored the way a film score would be scored. This had to be an album that I wanted to listen to myself," said Kane.
According to his Myspace page, Alexander has stated that he was happy that Sony BMG allowed him to spend three years capturing his vision for the album. This allowed him to get the right producer and sound for the record. The debut album was recorded in Stockholm and London, with the efforts of producers and songwriters such as Andes Bagge, Quiz & Larossi, Tom Nichols, Tim Baxter, and Sigurd Rosnes as well as members of the Stockholm Symphony Orchestra (who appear on every track).
Come Vivrei is an enchanting Italian adaption of Trisha Yearwood's Grammy award-winning song, "How Do I Live", whereas other classics included are the poetic "Kiss From A Rose" by Seal, and "Crying" by Roy Orbison, both reworked into baritone adaptions from their original versions. Much loved classics "Le Cose Che Sei Per Me", "Di Sole E D'Azzuro" and "Nella Fantasia" are also included. This album also contains the origin of the Tina Arena duet, with a studio version of the song "Timeless" that they subsequently performed for The Footy Show.
Alexander professes that he never saw himself as a writer, yet contributed his songwriting talents to co-writing two songs on the album, opener "Escape" and epilogue "Breathe". These were co-written with Andes Bagge and Tom Nichols.
"Escape"
"Come Vivrei (How Do I Live)"
"Timeless" (Duet with Tina Arena)
"Di Sole E D'Azzuro"
"Nella Fantasia"
"Everything That I am"
"Le Cose Che Sei Per Me (The Things You Are To Me)"
"Crying"
"Kiss from a Rose"
"Let It Rain"
"Breathe"
References
External links / References
http://www.icmi.com.au/kane-alexander
https://web.archive.org/web/20081217075021/http://profile.myspace.com/index.cfm?fuseaction=user.viewprofile
http://www.allegromusic.com.au/index.php?option=directory&task=profile&lid=117
Living people
Year of birth missing (living people)
Australian male television actors |
32999146 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Donato%20Grima | Donato Grima | Donato Grima (born July 22, 1949 in San Miguel de Tucumán) is an Argentine visual artist. He studied arts and design. During the 1970s, he moved to Caracas, Venezuela. He did not return to his home country until the mid 1980s, together with the restoration of democracy. From the 1990s until 2001 he lived in Spain. His painting The Patriarchs is in the collection of the Museo del Barrio of New York City. Other museums and private collections in several countries in Latin America and Europe bought part of his work. By 1993 he founded, in Argentina, The Center of Art & Design, institution devoted to the education in art and design. In 2009 he created his art gallery Art Territory in Tucumán.
Awards
Among his numerous awards, the following can be highlighted:
City of Santa Fe Prize, National Hall of Santa Fe, Argentina, 1988.
First Prize Poem Illustrated Regional Hall (poem by Jose Augusto Moreno), Museum of Fine Arts, Tucumán, Argentina, 1988.
Honorable Mention Award National Drawing Exhibition, Museum of Fine Arts, Tucumán, 1987.
First Prize 50th Salon Nacional de Rosario, Argentina. 1986.
First Prize Poem Illustrated Regional Hall (poem by Alberto Rojas Paz), 1972.
Second Prize San Pablo Museum of Fine Arts, Tucumán, Argentina, 1972.
His work in museums and collections
Museo del Barrio, New York City EE.UU.
Castagnino Museum, Rosario, Argentina.
Museo Provincial Rosa Galisteo de Rodríguez, Santa Fe, Argentina
Museo Provincial de Bellas Artes Timoteo Navarro, Tucumán, Argentina
Museo Provincial de Bellas Artes de Salta, Salta, Argentina.
Robert Bosh Collection, Madrid, Spain
Benito Moreno Rojo Collection, Madrid, Spain
Rudiger Wolf Collection, Hamburg, Germany
among other collections of Venezuela, Colombia, Brazil and Italy
Published books
"Donato Grima / Antologia de Obras" 2016
Donato Grima / visual work, Madrid: Ediciones Infantas, 1991.
Cristina Bulacio and Donato Grima, Dos Visiones sobre Borges, Buenos Aires: Ediciones Gaglianone, 1998.
Roberto Espinosa, Donato Grima, Silvando Cielos”, Tucumán: Donato Grima, Digital Editions, 2009.
Exhibitions
Individual international exhibitions
2014, Museum of Fine Arts, Tlaxcala, Mexico.
1998, Infantas Gallery, Madrid, Spain.
1997, Carib Art Gallery, New York City, United States.
1994, String Studio, New York City, United States.
1994, Carib Art Gallery, New York City, United States.
1994, Casino de Costa Blanca Villajoyosa, Spain.
1991, Infantas Gallery, Madrid, Spain.
1991, Geshe Gallery Mundt, Hamburg, Germany.
1978, Imaginary Gallery Bogotá, Colombia.
1977, Ochre Gallery, Caracas, Venezuela.
1976, Ochre Gallery, Caracas, Venezuela.
Individual exhibitions in Argentina
2013, Museum of Fine Arts Timoteo Navarro Tucumán.
2011, University of Jose C. Paz Buenos Aires.
2011, Gallery Palermo H Buenos Aires.
2008, Museum of Contemporary Art (MAC) Salta.
2007, Museum of Fine Arts, Salta.
2006, Museum of Bellas Artes Timoteo Navarro Tucumán.
2004, Cultural Center, National University of Tucumán .
2001, Cultural Center, National University of Tucumán .
1998, Centro Cultural Borges, Buenos Aires.
1997, Cultural Center, National University of Tucumán .
1995, Cultural Center, National University of Tucumán .
1992, Cultural Center, National University of Tucumán .
1990, Gallery Gloria Aleman Salta.
1989, Gallery High Level, Buenos Aires.
1988, Museum Octavio de la Colina, La Rioja.
1981, Museum of Modern Art, Mendoza.
1980, Ministry of Tourism, Tucumán.
1972, Austral Hall, Tucumán.
1972, Casa d'Italia, Paraná.
1971, Gallery "Z" Tucumán.
References
Some notes of his biography have been extracted from:
La Cultura en el Tucuman del Siglo XX, ed. Roberto Espinosa, Dictionary, Tucumán: Ediciones Universidad Nacional de Tucumán, 2006.
Bulacio, Cristina, Dos Miradas sobre Borges, Buenos Aires: Ed. Gaglianone, 1998.
Urrutia, Antonio, "Los Aquelarres de Donato Grima", Madrid, Correo del Arte, n° 104, marzo 1994.
Correo del Arte y Correo del Arte Hispano, New York, enero 1994. Ver notas de Antonio Morales.
Svanascini, Osvaldo, Asociación Argentina de Críticos de Arte, Historia crítica del arte argentino, Buenos Aires : Dirección de Relaciones Externas y Comunicaciones, TELECOM Argentina, 1995.Art now gallery guide: International, Vol.16, Nº 7-8, NJ, USA: Art Now, Inc., 1997.
Diario La Nación, Madrid, 1991.
Diario Cinco días, Madrid, 1991.
Diario ABC, Madrid, 1991. Read Antonio Manuel Campoy's article.
El Punto de las Artes, Madrid, 1991.
Revista Correo del Arte, Madrid, 1991, Read Luis Hernández del Pozo's article.
Diario Ámbito financiero, Buenos Aires, 1989. Read César Magrini's article.
Diario La Gaceta de Tucumán.
Diario Noticias, de Tucumán, 1972, 1974.
El Pueblo, septiembre 1973.
El Tribuno, Salta, 1976.
Diario El Intransigente'' de Salta.
And other publications on-line.
External links
Diario El Intransigente de Salta
Donato Grima’s Paintings, La Gaceta de Tucumán
artist's weblog, DonatoGrimaWeb
1949 births
Living people
Argentine painters
Argentine male painters
Argentine contemporary artists
People from San Miguel de Tucumán |
55208358 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Michelle%20Cruz%20Gonzales | Michelle Cruz Gonzales | Michelle Cruz Gonzales (born October 29, 1969, in Los Angeles, California) is a musician, author, and college English instructor. She is a founding member and drummer of the groundbreaking all-female hardcore punk band Spitboy. Gonzales is featured in the Green Day-produced documentary Turn It Around: The Story of East Bay Punk (2017), directed by Corbett Redford.
Career
Before Spitboy, Gonzales played drums in Bitch Fight and guitar and tambourine in the female pop punk band Kamala and the Karnivores. The latter band reformed in 2016 to play the Lookouting, a celebration of Lookout Record bands on January 1, 2017.
Gonzales, known as "Todd" in Spitboy, wrote lyrics for many of the band's songs, including "In Your Face", "Ultimate Violations", and "What Are Little Girls Made Of?"
After Spitboy, Gonzales appeared in anthologies such as Listen To Your Mother and Book Lovers and has contributed to Hip Mama Magazine. In 2016, Gonzales published The Spitboy Rule: Tales of a Xicana in a Female Punk Band.
The Spitboy Rule
The Spitboy Rule: Tales of a Xicana in a Female Punk Band is a non-linear collection of personal essays about coming of age in Spitboy, learning to navigate artistic partnerships, touring the world as the only person of color in the band. Within her memoir, Michelle describes her experience of push back within the punk music scene as a woman of color who considered herself a hardcore punk rocker.
"Michelle Gonzales's punk rock account is inspiring on many levels. For outsider artists, women musicians, or anybody who has ever felt the desire to forge an identity in uncharted territory, this book is detailed, heartfelt, and historically important. Briskly told in clean, conversational prose, The Spitboy Rule is an entertaining read and functions as an important historical, critical, and sociopolitical document of pre-internet DIY music."
—Jesse Michaels, vocalist for Operation Ivy and author of Whispering Bodies.
Bitch Magazine reviewer Sarah Century wrote, "Stories of epic road trips, high-intensity punk shows, and dealing with sexist fans are told with phenomenal good humor and the wisdom of hindsight inserted wryly into the narrative. While Gonzales's life and history are singular, her story is infinitely relatable to those of us that have felt outside of our own culture, or subculture."
Discography
Bitch Fight
"On and On"—on a various artists compilation album The Thing That Ate Floyd (Lookout Records) - 1988
Spitboy
The Threat Sexism Impressed b/w Ultimate Violations 7" (Lookout Records 51) - 1991
True Self Revealed LP (Ebullition Records) - 1993
Mi Cuerpo Es Mio 7" (Allied Recordings) - 1994
The Spitboy CD (Allied Recordings) - 1995 - contains the three singles and the LP
Rasana 7" - (Ebullition Records) - 1995
Split LP with Los Crudos (Ebullition Records) – 1995
Instant Girl
Post-Coital LP (Allied Recordings) - 1996
Kamala and The Karnivores
Girl Band (Lookout Records 16) - 1989
Vanity Project (Song Preserve) - 2018
Education
In 2001 and 2003, Gonzales earned degrees in English and Creative Writing from Mills College, where she also minored in ethnic studies. She has published in anthologies, literary journals, and Hip Mama Magazine. She teaches English and creative writing at Las Positas College.
While a student at Mills College, she had her only child, Luis Manuel Gonzales Peralta. Gonzales teaches English and creative writing at Las Positas College and has been married to J. Ines Peralta Hernandez since 1998.
References
External links
"The Forgotten Women of Punk: Spitboy's Michelle Cruz Gonzales on Riot Grrrl, Dystopias, and More"
Remezcla: Iconic Drummer, Michelle Gonzales, And The Xicana Resistance of Riot Grrrl
Tacos and Punk: Discussing What Women of Color Face in the Local Scene
1969 births
Living people
American musicians of Mexican descent
Musicians from Los Angeles
Chicano rock musicians
American punk rock drummers
American women drummers
American rock songwriters
American women songwriters
Songwriters from California
American women memoirists
21st-century American memoirists
21st-century American essayists
21st-century American women |
2548327 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/KCPW-FM | KCPW-FM | KCPW-FM (88.3 MHz) is a public radio station in Salt Lake City, Utah. It airs local news and music programming, as well as network shows from American Public Media, Public Radio International, the Canadian Broadcasting Corporation and the BBC. It broadcasts from studios at the Salt Lake City Public Library in Downtown Salt Lake City at Library Square.
KCPW-FM is owned by Wasatch Public Media. Its previous transmitter was located atop the Wells Fargo Center in downtown Salt Lake City for much of its history. It is currently located in the Oquirrh Mountains Range southwest of West Valley City. The 88.3 FM frequency does not broadcast in stereo audio, to improve reception in marginal signal areas. Due to other stations on 88.3 FM and adjacent frequencies in nearby cities, KCPW-FM has an effective radiated power of 450 watts. It cannot use as much power as most of the other Salt Lake City FM stations.
History
On August 9, 1991, Community Wireless of Park City, Inc., received a construction permit to build a new FM non-commercial station in Salt Lake City from the Federal Communications Commission. The FCC assigned it the call sign KBQA. Community Wireless already had an FM station on 91.9 MHz in Park City, Utah, a ski resort community about 50 miles east of Salt Lake City. It later added other stations around Utah simulcasting its programming. On November 1, 1992, the Salt Lake City station officially signed on the air, with the new call letters KCPW-FM.
In 2005, Community Wireless acquired an AM radio station licensed to Tooele, Utah, at 1010 kHz, which also took the call sign KCPW. The AM station is powered in the daytime at 50,000 watts, giving the station a much wider coverage area. But in January 2008, Community Wireless decided to sell the 1010 AM frequency. Programming was switched to airing the BBC World Service around the clock until a Catholic organization agreed to acquire the station for religious programming.
On March 28, 2008, Wasatch Public Media signed a letter of intent to purchase KCPW-FM. A sales contract was signed in June 2008. Had this not occurred, KCPW-FM would have instead been sold to the Educational Media Foundation for a national Christian contemporary format. KCPW's AM 1010 facility was separately sold to Immaculate Heart Radio. It became KIHU that August.
KCPW-FM ended its longtime National Public Radio (NPR) membership on June 24, 2013, allowing the station to reduce expenses as well as decrease duplication with the area's primary NPR network affiliate, 90.1 KUER-FM. KCPW continues to carry national programming supplied by Public Radio International, American Public Media, the Canadian Broadcasting Corporation and the BBC. The station also continues to produce its local programming. In June 2014, the station announced that it would need to raise $42,000 by July 3 in order to pay for its American Public Media programming; if the goal was not met, KCPW would have closed down and the money donated during the fund drive would be returned to the contributors. The goal was reached on July 2, 2014.
Local programs
On Fridays at 9 a.m., KCPW airs Behind The Headlines, hosted by Roger McDonough, featuring reporters from the Salt Lake Tribune. It is rebroadcast on Sunday at 10 a.m. On Wednesdays at 10 a.m., The Hinckley Institute Radio Hour is heard, hosted by Christian Camargo. It deals with local and national issues and politics, in cooperation with the Hinckley Institute of Politics. On Sunday evenings from 6 to 10 p.m., KCPW airs "Jazz Time" hosted by Steve Williams, a 35-year veteran of public radio.
In the past, KCPW-FM produced two local affairs programs, Midday Utah (shared with sister station KPCW) and Midday Metro. Midday Utah was hosted by Blair Feulner and covered topics of statewide and regional interest. Midday Metro, later renamed The Public Square, was hosted and produced by Lara Jones and covered topics of interest in the Salt Lake Valley. Former Salt Lake City Mayor Rocky Anderson was an occasional guest host on Midday Metro.
References
External links
KCPW-FM website
KCPW-FM's Politics Up Close
CPW-FM
Mass media in Salt Lake City
Radio stations established in 1994
1994 establishments in Utah |
55254094 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Baldwin%20Locomotive%20Works%2026 | Baldwin Locomotive Works 26 | Baldwin Locomotive Works 26 is an 0-6-0 "Switcher" type steam locomotive, it is one of several "stock" switchers equipped with a slope-backed tender. It is currently a part of the operating fleet at the Steamtown National Historic Site in Scranton, Pennsylvania for use on excursion trains.
History
Revenue service
The engine was built by the Baldwin Locomotive Works in March 1929. During the first nineteen years of its existence, the engine worked at the Baldwin Locomotive Works plant in Eddystone, Pennsylvania. Painted in Baldwin's standard olive green with aluminum trim and lettering livery, the engine labored hauling raw materials and completed locomotives around the plant with at least two other identical sister locomotives (numbers 21 and 24). Other locomotives of this design were built for the Atlantic Coast Line Railroad, Lehigh and New England Railroad, and General Steel Castings.
Following the end of World War II, the locomotive was purchased by the Jackson Iron and Steel Company of Jackson, Ohio, becoming their number 3 in 1948. While working at JI&S, the locomotive's career is relatively unknown, but the locomotive's career is known to have lasted unusually late for a steam locomotive in revenue service, before being retired from revenue service. In 1979, the locomotive was purchased by Jerry Jacobson who saved the locomotive from scrap.
Preservation
In 1983, Jacobson had the locomotive moved from Jackson, first to Grand Rapids, Ohio, then to the Mad River & NKP Railroad Museum in Bellevue, Ohio where it was painted as Nickel Plate Road 17. Three years later in 1986, Jacobson traded the switcher with the Steamtown Foundation of Scranton, Pennsylvania for their ex Canadian National 4-6-0 No. 1551. Later that same year, Steamtown was taken over by the National Park Service becoming Steamtown National Historic Site. The locomotive remained in Bellevue, Ohio while the Steamtown Foundation transferred its collection to the National Park Service, it eventually arrived on Steamtown property in January 1990. Upon arrival, would enter Steamtown shops for a complete restoration, it was painted black with white lettering albeit in the same style as her original Baldwin Locomotive Works livery. Upon returning to operation, it began its first excursion runs in the summer of 1990.
Excursion service
Prior to the official opening of Steamtown National Historic Site, the engine frequently ferried passengers between the temporary visitors center and the former Delaware, Lackawanna and Western Railroad roundhouse and turntable complex then undergoing renovations to become the permanent visitors center, museum, and locomotive storage and servicing facility for the park. Following the completion of the museum complex in June 1995, No. 26 ceremonially "cut" a ribbon laid across one of the yard tracks during the official opening ceremony.
Following the official opening of the park, the locomotive became the primary power on Steamtown's short Scranton Limited trains between the museum complex and just beyond the former DL&W Scranton station. She also ran the "Nay Aug Gorge Limited", which travels past the former DL&W Scranton station, and stops on the outskirts of the city just before the Nay Aug tunnel at Nay Aug Park. She also occasionally ran trips to Carbondale, Pennsylvania. In December 1999, No. 26 made its final runs for Steamtown and was taken out of service indefinitely for its FRA-mandated 5-year inspection, while in the shops, it was discovered that the entire inner firebox, and portions of the boiler were in imminent need of replacement. Park management decided to rebuild the engine and the locomotive was completely disassembled. During the disassembly process, it was discovered that the locomotive's frame was bent.
The ensuing overhaul, which lasted seventeen years, saw the rebuilding of the locomotive's running gear, replacement of the firebox, straightening of the frame, re-boring of the cylinders, and other various preventative maintenance. The engine's overhaul was completed in late 2015 and made a successful test run on December 10, 2015. It made its official excursion service return on April 17, 2016. Following its return to service, No. 26 resumed its position as power on the Scranton Limited and “Nay Aug Gorge Limited” yard shuttles.
References
External links
Baldwin locomotives
0-6-0 locomotives
Individual locomotives of the United States
Preserved steam locomotives of Pennsylvania |
36236359 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/United%20States%20v.%20GlaxoSmithKline | United States v. GlaxoSmithKline | United States v. GlaxoSmithKline was a case before the United States District Court for the Eastern District of Pennsylvania. Robert J. Merena was one of the first who filed claims against SmithKline Beecham Clinical Laboratories on November 12, 1993. The complaints alleged that GlaxoSmithKline, which operated a system of clinical laboratories, adopted myriad complicated procedures for the purpose of defrauding state and federal healthcare programs, in particular Medicare and Medicaid. The U.S. Justice Department publicly praised Robert Merena for his "cooperation and support" in helping the government collect the largest settlement ever involving a whistle-blower lawsuit. The SmithKline settlement is considered to be one of the largest whistleblower assisted recoveries in the history of the United States.
Background
In 1992, the United States began to suspect that SmithKline Beecham Clinical Laboratories and several other medical laboratories in the United States had adopted a scheme that allowed them to bill the federal government for unauthorized and unnecessary laboratory tests. The laboratories had "bundled" a standard grouping of blood tests with some additional tests and had then marketed this grouping to doctors by leading them to believe that the additional tests would not increase costs to Medicare and other government-sponsored health programs. After the ordering of tests, the laboratories "unbundled" the additional tests from the standard grouping for purposes of billing. In many cases, treating physicians had made no determination that the additional tests were medically necessary for the diagnosis or treatment of patients; rather the physicians had preferred to order the tests solely because they were sold as a package with other tests that they had deemed necessary. As a result, the laboratories submitted bills-and received payment-for tests that were medically unnecessary.
The scheme later became popular as automated chemistry and attracted national attention in December 1992 when one of the contractors that had engaged in the practice, National Health Laboratories, settled a lawsuit brought under the False Claims Act for $111 million. Due to these allegations public started taking interest because the media reported that the government had issued comprehensive subpoenas to GlaxoSmithKline and other laboratories.
In November 1993, relator Robert Marena, an SKB employee, filed a qui tam action against GlaxoSmithKline in the United States District Court for the Eastern District of Pennsylvania. His complaint contained eight separate claims under the False Claims Act. Merena's complaint alleged that SKB had defrauded the government by, inter alia, billing for tests that were not performed, double billing, paying illegal kickbacks to health care professionals, and adding tests to "automated chemistry" profiles and then separately billing for those tests.
After a month, relator Glenn Grossenbacher, an attorney, filed a second qui tam action against GlaxoSmithKline in the United States District Court for the Western District of Texas. Relators Kevin Spear, Jack Dowden, and the Berkeley Community Law Center (collectively, "the Spear relators") followed in February 1995 with a suit in the Northern District of California. The courts in Texas and California transferred these actions to the Eastern District of Pennsylvania for consolidation with the Merena case.
After Merena's action was filed, the government commenced an investigation into a series of new claims that were not part of its original investigation. At the same time, the government continued to pursue the original "automated chemistry" investigation that it had begun after the 1992 settlement with National Health Laboratories.
Later in August 1995, the government began formal settlement negotiations with GlaxoSmithKline. The government presented GlaxoSmithKline with a written settlement framework that allocated a specific dollar amount for each alleged false claim.
Litigants
The litigants of the case were Robert J. Merena, Charles W. Robinson, Jr., and Glenn Grossenbacher. Robert J. Merena left his job at GlaxoSmithKline in May 1995 and hasn't had a full-time job since. He has said he's had trouble finding another position because employers are wary of hiring a known whistle-blower. Merena, of the Reading, Pa., area, worked as a senior billing-systems analyst at a SmithKline Beecham office in Montgomery County. During his employment at GSK, he passed information to federal investigators working on the case.
Settlement
The Judge Donald W. VanArtsdalen of United States District Court ruled that the three had contributed significantly to the Government's case against SmithKline. ordered the government to pay $42.3 million to three men who helped the Justice Department expose Medicare fraud at SmithKline Beecham Clinical Laboratories Inc. The Justice Department had resisted paying the men the 15 to 25 percent share of SmithKline's settlement specified for whistleblowers by the federal False Claims Act.
The department argued that most of the $325 million settlement was obtained through its nationwide Labscam investigations that had nothing to do with the men, Robert J. Merena, Charles W. Robinson, Jr., and Glenn Grossenbacher. But U.S. District Judge Donald W. VanArtsdalen ruled Wednesday that they made a major contribution to the government's case and that they helped bring in nearly all of the settlement.
I am left with the impression that the attorneys in charge of the Labscam investigation ... seek to take far more credit for the overall success of the proceedings than is rightly due.
Philadelphia-based SmithKline agreed to pay the government $325 million which is considered as one of the largest civil settlement ever in a whistle-blower lawsuit. The company settled after the government alleged it paid kickbacks to doctors, billed the government for laboratory tests not performed and committed other violations.
SmithKline has denied the allegations, saying the violations were unintentional and the result of ambiguities in regulations and guidelines.
When interest and payments to state Medicare funds were taken into account, the final settlement came to about $321 million. VanArtsdalen said Merena and the other whistle-blowers accounted for all but about $15 million of that total. The government failed to reach an agreement with litigants Merena and Grossenbacher on the amount that they would receive from the settlement agreement. The government maintained that Merena was entitled to approximately $10 million of the $65 million attributable to the non-"automated chemistry" claims and has paid Merena this amount. The government and the Spear relators have a proposed agreement that, if approved, will award the Spear relators 15% of the $13 million that the government attributed to a claim called the "CBC Indices" claim.
The government previously agreed to pay the whistle-blowers a minimum of $9.7 million but only if they dropped claims to a larger portion.
But the judge's ruling adds an additional $42.3 million, meaning the men will share about 17 percent of the money the whistle-blowers helped bring in. The total award, $52 million, is considered to be the largest whistleblower award to date.
See also
Canada v GlaxoSmithKline Inc
References
Pennsylvania law
Reading, Pennsylvania
United States District Court for the Eastern District of Pennsylvania cases
United States tort case law
GSK plc litigation |
23869475 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2009%20Collier%20Township%20shooting | 2009 Collier Township shooting | The Collier Township shooting, also referred to as the Bridgeville LA Fitness shooting, was a mass shooting and murder-suicide that took place on August 4, 2009, in an LA Fitness health club in Collier Township, a suburb of Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania. The attack resulted in four deaths, including that of the perpetrator, who killed himself. Nine other people were injured. The fitness center is approximately south of Pittsburgh, in the Great Southern Shopping Center, a strip mall located in the Kirwan Heights section of Collier Township, just outside of the borough of Bridgeville.
Details
The shooting occurred at a women's aerobics class at the LA Fitness center at approximately 8:15 p.m. The shooter entered the class, placed a duffel bag on the ground, turned off the lights, took out two handguns and began firing, police said. According to police, the gunman fired 52 shots with two Glock 9×19mm semiautomatic pistols before committing suicide by shooting himself in the head with a .45-caliber revolver. A .32-caliber semiautomatic pistol found in his pocket was not used.
Three women and the gunman died, and about nine other people were injured. The Allegheny County Medical Examiner's office identified the three women who died as Heidi Overmier, 46, of Collier Township; Elizabeth Gannon, 49, of Green Tree, Pennsylvania; and Jody Billingsley, 38, of Mt. Lebanon, Pennsylvania.
Perpetrator
George Alfred Sodini (September 30, 1960 – August 4, 2009), a 48-year-old systems analyst at the law firm of K&L Gates and a resident of Scott Township, was identified as the perpetrator. He had written about contemplating carrying out a shooting, which he referred to as the "exit plan", while also revealing that he "chickened out" of carrying out such a shooting earlier in the year. His website states that he was "never married" and concludes "Death Lives!" Sodini states, "Probably 99% of the people who know me well don't even think I was this crazy." Sodini is reported to have left a note inside the gym bag stating his hatred for women. Nearly a week after the murders, it was revealed that Sodini had brought an inert grenade on a Port Authority bus on July 28, 2009. After a passenger sitting next to him notified police, he was questioned about the incident but no charges were filed.
On a website registered in his name, Sodini chronicled over a nine-month period his rejections by women and his severe sexual frustration. "Who knows why? I am not ugly or too weird. No sex since July 1990 either (I was 29)", he writes. "Last time I slept all night with a girlfriend it was 1982. Girls and women don't even give me a second look ANYWHERE". About his problems with women, he wrote: "Women just don't like me. There are 30 million desirable women in the US (my estimate) and I cannot find one". In 2008, Sodini posted online videos, in which he discusses his emotions, along with a tour of his home, the latter which was a homework assignment from "a self-help seminar [he] had attended on how to date women".
TGSCOM Inc., an online gun wholesaler based in Green Bay, Wisconsin, sold Sodini an empty Glock 9 mm magazine and magazine loading apparatus used in the attack. TGSCOM sold a used handgun to Seung-Hui Cho, who subsequently used it during the 2007 Virginia Tech shootings. TGSCOM also sold an empty magazine and a holster to Steven Kazmierczak, who shot and killed five people at Northern Illinois University in 2008. TGSCOM closed in 2012, having become the subject of investigations by the U.S. Bureau of Alcohol, Tobacco, Firearms and Explosives, the Wisconsin Better Business Bureau, and Green Bay police.
On August 18, it was revealed that Sodini bequeathed his estate, valued at $225,000, to his alma mater the University of Pittsburgh. A spokesperson for the university stated that it had "no interest in receiving any such distribution" and requested that it go to the victims and the victims' families.
In March 2012, State Farm Fire and Casualty Co. filed a legal motion attempting to preemptively seek exemption from liability under Sodini's $100,000 personal liability policy. Victims of the shooting claim that the insurance company neglected to ensure Sodini got mental health care.
Aftermath
On August 6, 2009, approximately 75 people, including friends, women's rights advocates, clergy members, and local officials, held a vigil at the Pittsburgh City-County Building in downtown Pittsburgh in honor of the shooting's victims. In the aftermath, some feminist groups attributed misogyny and toxic masculinity as a contributing factor. George Sodini has since widely been discussed online by the incel movement.
See also
List of rampage killers in the United States
2014 Isla Vista killings
2018 Tallahassee shooting
References
External links
George Sodini's Blog: Full Text By Alleged Gym Shooter (at ABC News -website)
George Sodini's YouTube channel
History of Allegheny County, Pennsylvania
Crimes in Pittsburgh
Collier Township shooting
2009 mass shootings in the United States
Mass shootings in the United States
Massacres of women
Murder in Pennsylvania
Violence against women in Pennsylvania
Murder–suicides in Pennsylvania
Deaths by firearm in Pennsylvania
2009 in Pennsylvania
Crimes in Pennsylvania
Attacks in the United States in 2009
August 2009 crimes in the United States
Mass shootings in Pennsylvania
Misogynist terrorism
History of women in Pennsylvania |
2530844 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Abscission | Abscission | Abscission () is the shedding of various parts of an organism, such as a plant dropping a leaf, fruit, flower, or seed. In zoology, abscission is the intentional shedding of a body part, such as the shedding of a claw, husk, or the autotomy of a tail to evade a predator. In mycology, it is the liberation of a fungal spore. In cell biology, abscission refers to the separation of two daughter cells at the completion of cytokinesis.
In plants
Function
A plant will abscise a part either to discard a member that is no longer necessary, such as a leaf during autumn, or a flower following fertilisation, or for the purposes of reproduction. Most deciduous plants drop their leaves by abscission before winter, whereas evergreen plants continuously abscise their leaves. Another form of abscission is fruit drop, when a plant abscises fruit while still immature in order to conserve resources needed to bring the remaining fruit to maturity. If a leaf is damaged, a plant may also abscise it to conserve water or photosynthetic efficiency, depending on the 'costs' to the plant as a whole. The abscission layer is a greenish-greyish color.
Abscission can also occur in premature leaves as a means of plant defense. Premature leaf abscission has been shown to occur in response to infestation by gall aphids. By abscising leaves that have been made host to aphid galls, plants have been shown to massively diminish the pest population, as 98% of aphids in abscised galls died. The abscission is selective, and the chance of dropping leaves increases as the number of galls increases. A leaf with three or more galls was four times more likely to abscise than a leaf with one, and 20 times as likely to be dropped as a leaf without any galls.
Process
Abscission occurs in a series of three events: 1) resorption, 2) protective layer formation, and 3) detachment. Steps 2 and 3 may occur in either order depending on the species.
Resorption
Resorption involves degrading chlorophyll to extract the majority of its nutrients. Nitrogen is found in chlorophyll and is often a limiting nutrient for plants, which need large quantities to form amino acids, nucleic acids, proteins, and certain plant hormones. Once nitrogen and other nutrients have been extracted from chlorophyll, the nutrients will travel to other tissues of the plant. Resorption is what causes leaves in the fall to change colors. Carotenoids in the leaves are slower to degrade than chlorophyll, so autumn leaves appear yellow and orange.
Protective layer formation
Cells under the abscission zone divide and form a layer of cork cells. Situated on both sides of the abscission zone are layers of parenchyma cells, which produce and inject suberin and lignin under the abscission zone into the new layer of cork cells. Suberin and lignin create a durable and waterproof layer for the plant once the organ is detached.
Detachment
This step can occur in a variety of ways depending on the species but always occurs at the abscission zone. Detachment can occur when layers of parenchyma cells secrete cell wall enzymes to self-digest the middle lamella, which holds the cell walls together at the abscission zone. This causes the cells of the abscission zone to break apart and the leaf or other plant part to fall off. Another way detachment occurs is through imbibition of water. The plant cells at the abscission zone will take in a large amount of water, swell, and eventually burst, making the organ fall off. Once detached, the protective layer of cork will be exposed.
Mechanisms
Structural
In deciduous trees, an abscission zone, also called a separation zone, is formed at the base of the petiole. It is composed of a top layer that has cells with weak walls, and a bottom layer that expands in the autumn, breaking the weak walls of the cells in the top layer. This allows the leaf to be shed.
Lack of chlorophyll as a trigger
The reduction of chlorophyll production in leaves due to decreased sunlight in the autumn explains why some leaves turn yellow. However, the yellow color can attract aphids, so some trees turn the leaves red instead by injecting a bright pigment. The loss of chlorophyll may also contribute to the abscission process.
Chemical
A variety of reactive oxygen species (ROS) are generated by plants during times of stress (biotic and abiotic), including UV light, cool temperatures, excessive light, pathogens, parasites, and high salinity. The presence and continuous production of these ROS causes disruption in the homeostasis of the cellular components, leading to metabolic dysfunction and expression of cell wall-degrading enzymes (WDEs).
Hormonal
While researchers originally believed abscisic acid to be the hormone that stimulates abscission (for which the hormone was named), it was later proven that it does not play a primary role. In fact, auxin, a plant hormone, and ethylene have been implicated as prominent regulators of abscission signaling. The two compounds work in a synergistic fashion: As the auxin levels decrease, the flux of auxin to the abscission zone is reduced. Exhaustion of auxin makes the abscission zone sensitive to ethylene. When the plant is then exposed to ethylene, gene expression of cell wall-degrading enzymes such as cellulase and polygalacturonase are activated. However, this is not to say that ethylene directly activates WDE gene expression, because the elements responsible for detecting ethylene have not been found in the gene's promoter region. Dwindling auxin levels have also been implicated in autumn-leaf color change.
In animals
See: Moulting, Autotomy, Claw (Mammals)
See also
Marcescence, the retention of normally shed plant parts
References
External links
Absission layer microscopy
Plant anatomy
Plant morphology
Plant physiology |
6332477 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Elliot%20Mintz | Elliot Mintz | Elliot Mintz (born February 16, 1945) is an American consultant. In the 1960s and early 1970s Mintz was an underground radio DJ and host. In the 1970s he became a spokesperson for John Lennon and Yoko Ono, and took on other musicians and actors as clients as a publicist, including Bob Dylan. He later became the publicist for Paris Hilton and Canadian drummer Neil Peart from Rush.
Early life
Mintz was born in the Bronx borough of New York City on February 16, 1945. In 1963 he moved to California to attend Los Angeles City College, partly inspired by the film The Misfits, where he studied broadcasting and began to do radio interviews. Early interviews by Mintz included Jayne Mansfield and Jack Lemmon. His first interview to be broadcast nationally came after the death of John F. Kennedy, when he discovered a classmate of his, Roland Bynum, had known Lee Harvey Oswald while in the US Marines together. The interview was the first character and background interview done about Oswald in the US, and was picked up by the national and international radio broadcast networks. He then became an underground radio D.J. in the 1960s.
Radio and television career
From 1966 to 1968, Elliot Mintz had two shows on KPFK in Los Angeles, California, Looking In and Looking Out. The shows provided a platform for community conversation as well as for interviews Mintz would do with public figures. Each show would begin with a series of rhetorical questions, which listeners could call in to respond to. When he started with KPFK, Mintz was the youngest talkshow host in the US, at the age of 21, broadcasting a nightly radio show on the station. In 1971 he hosted a Kaiser Broadcasting syndicated television show called Headshop that integrated musical guests with film clips shot in and around Southern California.
From 1973 to 1974, Mintz was the entertainment correspondent for Eyewitness News on KABC television in Los Angeles. He also worked on-air at KLAC (1968–69), KMET (1969), and KLOS (1970–71). During this part of his career he interviewed Hollywood actors and recording artists, and lived next door to Timothy Leary. In 1980 Mintz received a California Associated Press, Television, and Radio Association award for his November 30, 1979 radio interview of an Iranian student at the American Embassy in Tehran during the Iran Hostage Crisis. Mintz's interviews include those with Mort Sahl, Norman Mailer, Ray Bradbury, Alan Watts, Salvador Dalí, Jack Lemmon, John Wayne, Groucho Marx, Timothy Leary, Jack Nicholson, Allen Ginsberg, Jayne Mansfield, Raquel Welch, Karen Black, and musicians like John Lennon, Donna Summer, John Coltrane, Stevie Wonder, Ringo Starr, Alice Cooper, and Mick Jagger.
Mintz was the host of the television interview show Head Shop, where he interviewed individuals including Kris Kristofferson. He retired in 2014, upon which he released a website containing his past interviews for download. Other radio stations he worked for include KPPC, KABC, Earth News Radio, Innerview, and Westwood One.
Public relations career
Mintz is a public relations person and spokesperson for individuals and corporate clients. His first client was Bobby Sherman during the 1960s. He also represented John Lennon and Yoko Ono, whom he befriended in 1971. He joined their entourage throughout the 1970s and remains a spokesperson for both the John Lennon Estate and Ono. Other clients of Mintz's have included Christie Brinkley, Crosby, Stills and Nash, Diana Ross, Don Johnson, Janet Jones, Melanie Griffith, and Bob Dylan. During the 2000s Mintz represented Paris Hilton, and appeared on her television show The Simple Life.
John Lennon and Yoko Ono
Though not in a professional capacity, since the death of Lennon, Mintz has acted as a spokesperson for the Lennon estate. In addition, while sifting through Lennon's belongings, he discovered hundreds of unreleased tape recordings including half-finished new songs, early versions of famous hits, and idle thoughts. Beginning in 1988, he hosted a weekly syndicated radio series based upon these recordings called The Lost Lennon Tapes, which was broadcast for about four years. After the show came to an end, Mintz began hosting the spinoff radio program The Beatle Years. Mintz has appeared in feature documentaries about Lennon and Yoko Ono, including Imagine: John Lennon, The U.S. vs. John Lennon and The Real Yoko Ono. In 1985, he was a technical advisor on the television film John and Yoko: A Love Story. He also authored an essay about his relationship with them published in 2005 in a book entitled Memories of John Lennon.
Memoir
On April 17, 2023, Dutton and Transworld Publishers, both divisions of Penguin Group, announced Mintz will release a memoir in 2024. The book will share his experiences with John Lennon and Yoko Ono.
References
External links
Official website
Living people
Elliot, Mintz
People from Los Angeles
People from the Bronx
American publicists
Radio personalities from Los Angeles
Los Angeles City College alumni |
15749460 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Marci%20Hamilton | Marci Hamilton | Marci Ann Hamilton (born July 22, 1957) is the chief executive officer and academic director at Child USA, an interdisciplinary think tank to prevent child abuse and neglect. She is also a scholar of constitutional law and a Fox Family Pavilion Distinguished Scholar in the Fox Leadership Program at the University of Pennsylvania. She is an expert on and advocate for the enforcement of the Establishment Clause of the United States Constitution. Hamilton promotes adequate protection for minors, individuals and landowners who suffer as a result of actions which are claimed to be constitutionally protected on religious grounds. Hamilton is critical of provisions within Federal and State Religious Freedom Restoration Acts.
Background and ideas
Hamilton received her Bachelor of Arts degree from Vanderbilt University in 1979. She then earned a master's degree at Pennsylvania State University and a juris doctor from the University of Pennsylvania Law School, where she was editor-in-chief of the Law Review.
Hamilton served as a law clerk for Justice Sandra Day O'Connor of the Supreme Court of the United States and Chief Judge Edward R. Becker of the United States Court of Appeals for the Third Circuit.
She was the lead counsel for the city of Boerne, Texas, in Boerne v. Flores before the U.S. Supreme Court.
Hamilton is a critic of the Utah Attorney General's office for not vigorously prosecuting polygamists in the state. She indicated that arguments against prosecution based on due process violations and alleged violations of religious freedom had no merit. However, this position has been criticized as one based on legal theory that ignores the reality of limited amounts of evidence and limited government resources.
Hamilton is vocal about her standing as a religious believer and cites examples where religion is a significant benefit to human society. She further asserts that religious liberty deserves accommodation as long as such accommodation complies with the "no harm principle". Hamilton argues that state and church separation are vital to religious liberty. She bases this contention on the record of religious diversity among the framers of the constitution and their distrust of government sanctioned religion in the "old world". Hamilton is critical of legislation that is passed under the guise of protecting religious liberty while, in her opinion, create unintended and unreasonable consequences.
In 2016, Hamilton founded Child USA, a Philadelphia-based nonprofit think tank that provides scholarship on issues of child abuse and medical neglect. Child USA brings together educators and students to uncover the hidden and false assumptions that are endangering children. The think tank works to study the issues, track societal and legislative responses and trends, provide expert testimony to explain the issues to legislators and policymakers, and to educate the public. Hamilton currently serves as the chief executive officer and Academic Director.
Advocacy
Hamilton advocates limiting legal exemptions on religious grounds, with the intended purpose of creating greater protection for individuals who may face:
Clergy abuse from within the Roman Catholic Church, the Jehovah's Witnesses, the Fundamental Church of Jesus Christ of Latter Day Saints and other religious organizations.
Medical neglect and denial of science-based medicine for minor children by such groups as Christian Scientists and others, when the parents claim religious grounds for such denial.
Abuse brought upon women as result of plural or polygamous marriage.
Denial of federally mandated medical insurance provisions for employees as a result of employer's claims of religious exemption.
Unreasonable disruptions to residential neighborhoods due to religious groups' claims of exemption from zoning laws.
Media appearances
Hamilton appeared on The Daily Show in 2005 to discuss her book God vs. the Gavel. In this interview she highlights the existence of laws that offer criminal and civil protection for those who seek "faith healing" rather than traditional medicine for those under their care. She also notes the public cost of litigation to defend against claims of prisoners seeking unique religious accommodation.
Hamilton has also made appearances on Anderson, Good Morning America, The Today Show, Lou Dobbs Tonight, The Center For Inquiry's Point of Inquiry Podcast, The O'Reilly Factor as well as local news stations.
Selected publications
God vs. the Gavel (2007),
Justice Denied (2008, 2012),
Fundamentalism, Politics, and the Law (2011), Co-Edited with Mark J. Rozell,
See also
List of law clerks of the Supreme Court of the United States (Seat 8)
References
External links
CHILD USA's website
FindLaw.com's page on Professor Hamilton
Cardozo School of Law Directory
Verdict at justia.com. A selection of Professor Hamilton's analysis and commentary
1957 births
Living people
Cardozo School of Law faculty
Law clerks of the Supreme Court of the United States
Pennsylvania State University alumni
University of Pennsylvania Law School alumni
Vanderbilt University alumni |
44722960 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hillyards%20Shop%20House | Hillyards Shop House | Hillyards Shop House is a heritage-listed general store at 615 Stanley Street, Woolloongabba, City of Brisbane, Queensland, Australia. It was built and remodelled in the 1920s. It was added to the Queensland Heritage Register on 21 October 1992.
History
This two-storeyed brick shop house was constructed in the mid-1860s for Brisbane watchmaker George Hillyard, who purchased the site in 1865.
It was one of the earliest masonry buildings at One-mile Swamp (Woolloongabba), erected during the 1860s development of that part of Stanley Street as an early commercial centre.
The Hillyard family ran a successful watchmaking and jewellery business from the premises for nearly twenty years. Their shop boasted a clock tower at some stage, an advertisement which served as a convenience for passing travellers and drovers.
After George Hillyard died in 1881 his widow opened a fancy toy shop in part of the building, and William Hillyard continued with the watchmaking business. They sold the Stanley Street property in 1885.
Over the subsequent century a variety of small businesses have operated from the ground floor, with the first floor rented as boarding rooms and more recently occupied by squatters.
Description
Hillyards shop house is situated in Stanley Street between Clarence Corner and Merton Road, and adjacent to Pollocks shop house, another c.1865 two-storeyed brick building.
The building comprises a main shop on the ground floor, residential accommodation on the first floor, an arched covered carriage-way through to the rear of the property, and a brick and iron skillion-roofed kitchen extension, which projects as a one-storeyed wing at the rear along the western side. The carriage-way has been enclosed to create another shop.
The core is capped by a steeply pitched corrugated-iron roof with a square platform at the top. Probably it was shingled originally.
The front facade is distinguished by a small rendered brick parapet, possibly of later origin, which returns unrendered along both sides of the building. This parapet features three decorative urns and a pediment with a central circular opening which houses a ventilation duct leading via a small gable into the roof.
A cantilevered iron-roofed first floor verandah has been boarded over, and a curved iron street awning is supported by slender cast iron and modern steel columns.
The ground floor has been altered and the main shop facade appears to have been remodelled in the 1920s.
The first floor is substantially intact. It contains five rooms, including a large front parlour. Twelve feet high, timber tongue and groove lined ceilings feature central circular ventilators. The brick walls are plaster lined and divided internally by walls of eight inch wide tongue and groove vertical joint boards, with narrow timber picture rails and wide skirting boards. Three sets of wide French doors with single pane fanlights open onto the front verandah.
The kitchen wing consists of three rooms with a double fireplace, probably initially housing kitchen, dining room and servant's room.
Despite a number of modifications, the building retains much of the original character. The most significant alterations are the removal of both the early clock tower and the internal staircase.
Heritage listing
Hillyards Shop House was listed on the Queensland Heritage Register on 21 October 1992 having satisfied the following criteria.
The place is important in demonstrating the evolution or pattern of Queensland's history.
Hillyard's Shop House is a rare surviving 1860s detached brick shop house complete with service wing and covered carriage-way, indicative of a way of life no longer common in Brisbane, and is important for its association with the early commercial development of the One-mile Swamp (Woolloongabba) area in the 1860s.
The place demonstrates rare, uncommon or endangered aspects of Queensland's cultural heritage.
Hillyard's Shop House is a rare surviving 1860s detached brick shop house complete with service wing and covered carriage-way, indicative of a way of life no longer common in Brisbane, and is important for its association with the early commercial development of the One-mile Swamp (Woolloongabba) area in the 1860s.
The place is important because of its aesthetic significance.
The place is an integral part of the Clarence Corner streetscape, and particularly significant as one of a pair of brick, two-storeyed shop houses on adjacent properties fronting Stanley Street. It makes a strong contribution to the Woolloongabba townscape.
References
Attribution
External links
Queensland Heritage Register
Woolloongabba
Commercial buildings in Queensland
Articles incorporating text from the Queensland Heritage Register |
30448226 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Slack%20Motherfucker | Slack Motherfucker | "Slack Motherfucker" is a song by American rock band Superchunk. It was the first single released from the band's debut, self-titled album (1990). The song was penned by vocalist and guitarist Mac McCaughan in reference to an indolent co-worker he had at the time. Credited to all four band members, it was the band's second single and first to be released under the name Superchunk.
Issued as a 7-inch single in April 1990, "Slack Motherfucker" rapidly became one of the band's best-known songs. It has been credited with popularizing the "slacker" stereotype, and as a blueprint for future indie rock music.
Background
McCaughan wrote the song based on a lazy co-worker he worked with while on the night shift at the Kinko's, now a FedEx Office, located on Franklin Street in downtown Chapel Hill, North Carolina. Chuck Garrson, the band's first drummer, has claimed the song was written about him, though McCaughan has remained the song was based on a co-worker. Alex Denney of The Guardian summarizes the song's content: "a disgruntled employee accuse his boss of slacking off on the job in the strongest possible terms." Musically, the song has been described as indie rock, power pop, pop-punk, lo-fi, and noise pop.
Peter Margasak, in the Chicago Reader, describes it as a "low-rent self-empowerment anthem."
Reception
"Slack Motherfucker" was issued as a 7-inch single in April 1990; it quickly sold out of its original pressing of 1,000 copies. Then-guitarist Jack McCook painted the artwork for the sleeve. The band's first single was credited under the name Chunk; "Slack Motherfucker" was the first to use the band's new name. The song was a success on college radio, with programmers typically airing it past midnight to avoid obscenity laws. The song has widely been considered among the band's best and most well-known songs. Kyle Ryan at The A.V. Club called it "one of the most beloved Superchunk songs ever." Jason Ankeny of AllMusic called it the band's "most celebrated moment," describing it as "a "note-perfect snapshot of minimum-wage angst and attitude."
Timothy Bracy And Elizabeth Bracy, in a piece for Stereogum, write that the song later found a larger audience when included on Tossing Seeds (Singles 89–91), the band's 1991 album compiling a number of their earliest 7" singles and EPs.
Legacy
Cam Lindsay for Vice Media writes that the song is "one of a few cultural moments in time that helped popularise slacker culture, which would later run rampant as a stereotype in indie rock." Will Hermes, in a blog for radio station WBUR-FM, wrote that the song "defined the sound and the ethos of indie rock." Ana Marie Cox from Spin said that the song "resonated with recently educated cynics as just the thing to play too loudly on your parents' stereo that first summer home from college." David Sackllah, writing for Consequence of Sound, ranked it among the best debut singles ever by an artist, observing, "The song's wry energy was antithetical to the "slacker" generation that reigned in the '90s, even if they shared a title in common. This was a brilliant punch of furious determination that has never lost relevance in the years since." Denney of The Guardian included it among his top five list of Generation X anthems. "Slack Motherfucker" was named one of the best songs of the '90s by Rolling Stone, the 19th best single of the 1990s by Spin, and the 81st best song of the 1990s by Pitchfork.
For a brief time period in the 1990s, the band ceased live performances of the song, as they were tiring of it. Ballance has said "if I never hear "Slack Motherfucker" again in my life I will be a happy camper. I am so over that song. It's so stupid and juvenile." The band resumed playing the song later in their career. McCaughan spoke about the song's legacy in an interview with The A.V. Club:
References
Footnotes
Sources
External links
Lyrics of this song at Genius
1990 songs
1990 singles
American indie rock songs
American power pop songs
Noise pop songs
Merge Records singles
Superchunk songs |
60730381 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ben%20Salah%20Mosque | Ben Salah Mosque | The Ben Salah Mosque or Ben Saleh Mosque (, ) is a 14th-century Marinid mosque in the historic medina of Marrakesh, Morocco. It is the only major surviving Marinid-era monument in Marrakesh and is notable for its fine minaret.
Historical background
Details of the mosque's foundation and construction are not entirely clear. An inscription on the monument itself states that construction of the minaret began in August 1321. According to historian Ibn al-Muwaqqit, the construction of the mosque may have begun in 1318-1319. This chronology (i.e. construction in 1318-1321) is the most plausible and would mean that the mosque was built under the reign of Marinid Sultan Abu Sa'id Uthman (ruled 1310-1331), who also built some of the madrassas in Fez (e.g. the Madrassa al-'Attarin).
The mosque is named after a local saint, Muhammad ben Salah (or Ibn Salih) to whom it is dedicated and around whose tomb it was built. Little is recorded about this figure, however, other than that folklore claims he was a simple butcher with the gift of foresight.
A madrasa was built next to the mosque by the Alaouite sultan Moulay Rashid around 1669-1671. As of 2012, there were plans to convert the madrasa into a museum displaying religious objects from the city's heritage, such as minbars and manuscripts.
Architecture
Overall layout of the mosque
Despite numerous repairs over the centuries, the mosque appears to have remained essentially unchanged. The interior features a rectangular courtyard, wide but not very deep, surrounded by arcades and centered around a small basin or fountain. Beyond the courtyard is the main space of the prayer hall, defined by two rows of arches forming nine aisles. The overall layout is that of the common "T"-type, which is to say that the aisle of arches leading to the mihrab (a niche symbolizing the direction of prayer) is wider than the other aisles besides it. The easternmost and westernmost aisles to the sides of the prayer hall are truncated and do not extend all the way north: a minor curiosity rarely seen in this type of mosque (except for another Marinid mosque in Chellah).
The interior features little decoration except for the mihrab at the middle of the qibla wall (indicating the direction of prayer). Like many western North African mosques of the period, the direction of the qibla (and, by extension, the orientation of the entire mosque), is substantially different from that of the "modern" qibla; it faces south-south-east, whereas the modern qibla in Morocco is almost due east (towards Mecca). The mosque has three entrances, and the minaret is located on its western side.
The tomb of Muhammad Ben Salah is located in the north-western corner of the mosque.
The minaret
The minaret is the most notable element of the mosque and the most richly decorated. As with the Marinid architectural style in general, it is derived from Almohad forms which came to define Moroccan-Andalusian architecture. In particular, it appears to be modeled in part on the Almohad minaret of the Marrakesh's Kasbah Mosque. Its upper facades are covered in the darj-wa-ktaf or sebka pattern (resembling palmettes or fleur-de-lys shapes), with minor differences between the patterns on the north and south sides versus those on the east and west sides. The lower facades are dominated by large polylobed arch motifs. As with the Kasbah Mosque, all of these patterns are molded in brick on a background of turquoise-green faience tiles. (Unlike the Almohad minarets, however, there is no tile frieze near the top of the minaret.) Each facade is pierced by three windows with horsheshoe-shaped arches, their positions coordinated with the polylobed arch patterns around them. The top of the minaret, including its upper lantern, is rimmed with merlons typical of Moroccan architecture.
This overall layout of decoration was repeated soon afterwards at the Chrabliyin Mosque in Fez, another Marinid construction from the same era, which makes the Ben Salah minaret an example of the transition between Almohad models and subsequent constructions that became typical in Morocco. An extremely similar, but smaller, minaret was also constructed for another mosque in Marrakesh, the Moulay el-Ksour Mosque (more commonly known as the Mosque of the Cat), probably around the same time as the Ben Salah Mosque.
Madrasa
The madrasa, built by the Alaouite sultan Moulay Rashid, is located behind (east of) the mosque. The building is centered around a large square courtyard, surrounded by a two-story gallery leading to numerous rooms.
See also
Cherratine Madrasa
Lists of mosques
List of mosques in Africa
List of mosques in Morocco
References
Further reading
Basset, Henri; Terrasse, Henri (1932). Sanctuaires et forteresses almohades. – Old book but contains a full chapter about the mosque's architecture. The book was reprinted in 2001 or 2003.
External links
Photos of the Ben Saleh Madrasa at medersa-bensaleh.org (group advocating for the madrasa's restoration)
Mosques in Marrakesh
Marinid architecture |
45513306 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Republic%20of%20Argentina%20v.%20NML%20Capital%2C%20Ltd. | Republic of Argentina v. NML Capital, Ltd. | Republic of Argentina v. NML Capital, Ltd., 573 U.S. 134 (2014), is a U.S. Supreme Court opinion regarding foreign sovereign immunity. After defaulting on its debt and losing a federal collection action, Argentina claimed that its foreign assets were immune from discovery. The Court found that no such immunity existed.
On the same day as it announced this opinion the Supreme Court denied Argentina's appeal of a court order prohibiting Argentina from giving preference to certain creditors. This was the third case involving Argentina that term, with BG Group Plc v. Republic of Argentina involving Argentina's refusal to obey a neutral arbitrator's order and Daimler AG v. Bauman involving atrocities committed by the Argentinian military junta during its Dirty War.
Background
In 2001 Argentina was in a severe economic depression. NML Capital, a 'vulture fund' that specializes in distressed sovereign debt, purchased Argentine public bonds at extreme discounts off a panicking market. Argentina then defaulted on $103 billion of debt. After announcing that it would not pay its debts Argentina offered its creditors a choice: accept new bonds worth 70% less, or receive nothing. The vast majority of bondholders accepted the new bonds. NML Capital did not.
Instead, NML Capital brought a collection action against Argentina in Manhattan federal district court. Finding that Argentina did have to pay its debt, District Judge Thomas Griesa ordered Argentina to pay plaintiff $2.4 billion and, pari passu, to stop favoring other creditors over NML Capital.
Argentina responded by pulling its assets out of the United States. Seeking to satisfy the judgment order, NML Capital undertook a worldwide search for Argentina's assets, at one point convincing Ghana to seize the Argentine Navy's and forcing Argentina's president to charter private airplanes to avoid having her state aircraft confiscated.
As part of its search for attachable assets NML Capital served subpoenas on Bank of America and Banco de la Nación Argentina. Argentina moved to quash, claiming that as a sovereign the locations of its assets were immune from discovery. Judge Griesa disagreed, ordering discovery on all assets "reasonably calculated to lead to attachable property." On Argentina's appeal the Second Circuit affirmed the discovery order. Still refusing to comply, Argentina then petitioned for a writ of certiorari from the Supreme Court of the United States, and the petition was granted. Arguments were held on April 21, 2014, with Deputy Solicitor General Edwin Kneedler appearing as an friend supporting Argentina and Theodore Olson appearing for the hedge funds.
Opinion
The Supreme Court affirmed, with Justice Scalia writing for the seven member majority. Scalia first traces the history of foreign sovereign immunity in the United States, from initially undisturbed Executive discretion, to the "muddling" noncommercial acts distinction the State Department adopted in 1952, to Congress's creation of the "comprehensive " Foreign Sovereign Immunities Act of 1976.
Scalia then turns to the statute's text finding the FSIA does not expressly address post judgment discovery. Argentina claimed that there is "meaning from this silence ", and since discovery is not expressly permitted it is, then, prohibited. Scalia disagrees. Emphasizing that FSIA is the comprehensive framework for sovereign immunity, Scalia finds that any claimed immunity must stand or fall on the Act's text alone. Noting that the "riddle " of Congress's motive was not "ours to solve ", Scalia found that since Congress did not mention foreign sovereign immunity from post judgment discovery in the Act, there can be no such immunity.
Dissent
Justice Ginsburg dissented. Noting that FISA and international law only allow the attachment of commercial property, Ginsburg objected to the discovery order's "unlimited inquiry ". Because NML Capital had offered no proof that foreign noncommercial assets were subject to attachment, Ginsburg questioned what authorization a US court could have to act as a "clearinghouse for information " about Argentina's noncommercial property.
Reaction
One month later Argentina, again, defaulted on its debt. Argentina then unsuccessfully attempted to sue the United States at the Hague for "judicial malevolence". The United Nations General Assembly condemned debt collection on sovereign debt. After Argentina continued to refuse to follow court orders, Judge Griesa held it in contempt. Creditors worldwide imitated NML Capital, with Argentina losing lawsuits to creditors in Germany and England.
On November 22, 2015, Argentina elected Mauricio Macri as its new president. By February 19, 2016, Argentina had reached a settlement with its bondholders and Judge Griesa lifted his injunction. On April 13, the Second Circuit affirmed, from the bench, directly after hearing oral arguments.
See also
List of United States Supreme Court cases, volume 573
References
External links
2014 in United States case law
United States Constitution Article Three case law
United States Supreme Court cases
United States Supreme Court cases of the Roberts Court
Foreign Sovereign Immunity Act case law |
137094 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gunnison%2C%20Utah | Gunnison, Utah | Gunnison is a city in the Sevier Valley in southwestern Sanpete County, Utah, United States. The population was 3,509 at the 2020 census. The city was named in honor of John W. Gunnison, a United States Army officer who surveyed for the transcontinental railroad in 1853.
History
2007 gas spill
In the summer of 2007, over of gasoline leaked from a storage tank beneath the Top Stop gas station, located on the corner of South Main and East Center and owned by Wind River Petroleum. The gasoline leaked throughout the soil beneath South Main Street and eventually throughout the southwest side of town, contaminating businesses and homes. On August 10, 2007, local and state officials ordered the temporary evacuation of an entire Main Street block, heavily populated with businesses, because of the fumes from the gasoline leak. In the weeks following, Wasatch Environmental installed underground soil-ventilation systems. Several businesses, including the Top Stop, permanently closed, and some homes were evacuated. Gunnison City, along with several businesses and residents, filed suit against Wind River Petroleum over the handling of the gas leak. As of 2010, approximately $3 million ($1 million from a state cleanup fund, $2 million from Wind River Petroleum) had been spent on the cleanup, which is expected to last a decade. Gunnison City recently completed a Main Street rehabilitation project valued at over $1 million.
Geography
According to the United States Census Bureau, the city has a total area of , all land.
Demographics
As of the census of 2000, there were 2,394 people, 513 households, and 410 families residing in the city. The population density was 451.9 people per square mile (174.4/km2). There were 549 housing units at an average density of 103.6 per square mile (40.0/km2). The racial makeup of the city was 88.35% White, 1.84% African American, 2.51% Native American, 0.79% Asian, 0.58% Pacific Islander, 3.97% from other races, and 8.00% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 7.10% of the population.
There were 513 households, out of which 45.2% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 72.1% were married couples living together, 6.4% had a female householder with no husband present, and 19.9% were non-families. 18.7% of all households were made up of individuals, and 12.1% had someone living alone who was 65 years or older. The average household size was 3.12, and the average family size was 3.59.
In the city, the population was spread out, with 25.3% under 18, 13.2% from 18 to 24, 33.8% from 25 to 44, 17.9% from 45 to 64, and 9.7% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 32 years. For every 100 females, there were 197.4 males. For every 100 females aged 18 and over, there were 240.6 males. The startling ratio of women to men is due to the presence of the Central Utah Correctional Facility, located one half mile northeast of downtown Gunnison. This state-run prison opened in 1990, has a capacity of 1500 inmates, and currently houses only male offenders.
The median income for a household in the city was $33,147, and the median income for a family was $37,500. Males had a median income of $27,207 versus $23,958 for females. The per capita income for the city was $14,537. About 9.8% of families and 11.0% of the population were below the poverty line, including 12.9% of those under age 18 and 10.9% of those aged 65 or over.
Education
Gunnison is located in the South Sanpete School District and has one elementary school, one middle school, and one high school, Gunnison Valley High School, (all of which are known as Gunnison Valley).
See also
List of cities and towns in Utah
Gunnison Valley
References
External links
Cities in Utah
Cities in Sanpete County, Utah
Populated places established in 1859
1859 establishments in Utah Territory |
1924072 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jack%20Kelsey | Jack Kelsey | Alfred John "Jack" Kelsey (19 November 1929 – 18 March 1992) was a Welsh international football goalkeeper, who also played for Arsenal. He is regarded as one of the greatest goalkeepers to play for Wales.
Early life
Jack Kelsey was born at 382 Jersey Road in the Llansamlet area of Swansea, the second of three children born to Alfred Kelsey and his wife Sarah Ann (née Howe). His father hailed from London but had moved to South Wales in 1911 where he worked as a smelter furnaceman.
Kelsey attended Cwm School but left at a young age to work alongside his father and qualified as a crane driver.
Club career
He was spotted by an ex-Arsenal player, Les Morris, whilst Kelsey was playing for his local side, Winch Wen, then in the Swansea & District League. Morris recommended Kelsey to Arsenal, who upon watching the goalkeeper for a few games, decided to sign him. Arsenal already had an established first-choice goalkeeper at this time, in George Swindin, so Kelsey could do nothing but wait for his chance to play for the first team.
After two years in the reserves, Kelsey made his first-team debut against Charlton Athletic on 24 February 1951 at Highbury, after Swindin had received an injury; However, Kelsey's first start was not an auspicious one, as Arsenal lost 5–2, their heaviest defeat at home since November 1928. Kelsey made a total of four appearances that season, but was dropped once Swindin returned and did not feature in Arsenal's 1951–52 run to the FA Cup final.
Later career
After an entire season in the reserves, he returned to the side during the 1952–53 season, sharing goalkeeping duties with Swindin and Ted Platt; he made 29 appearances in a side that won the First Division title. He also played as Arsenal won the 1953 FA Charity Shield. With a rugged build and consistently solid catching, Kelsey managed to fully oust Swindin from the side (Swindin making only two appearances in 1953–54) and went on to be Arsenal's first-choice goalkeeper for the next eight seasons; only a broken arm sustained in an FA Cup tie against Sheffield United in 1959 put Kelsey out of the Arsenal side for any considerable amount of time, with Jim Standen taking over in the meantime.
Although his playing career coincided for the most part with a trophyless run for Arsenal – their best finish being third in 1958–59 – and thus he did not win further honours with them, he is still regarded by the club as one of their greatest-ever goalkeepers. He was also a runner-up in the first Inter-Cities Fairs Cup final in 1958, playing for a London XI representative side against FC Barcelona.
Kelsey also became a regular first choice keeper for Wales, making his debut in 1954, winning 41 caps in total. He was Wales's keeper in the 1958 World Cup, their only finals appearance to date. They were eventually knocked out 1–0 by winners Brazil in the quarter-finals. With the help of Kelsey, Wales did not concede a goal for 70 minutes against the Brazilians, until a shot by Pelé deflected off Welsh player Stuart Williams managed to beat Kelsey. Kelsey also played for the Great Britain & Northern Ireland team against a Rest of Europe side in 1955 and for The Football League XI against the Scottish Football League XI in March 1960.
Retirement and after
Kelsey's career was cut short after he sustained a back injury playing for Wales in a friendly against Brazil in May 1962, whilst trying to save at the feet of Vavá; despite many attempts to rectify his injury, he was forced to retire a year later. He received around £5,000 insurance money at the time. In all, he played 352 times for Arsenal, comprising 327 League matches, 24 in the FA Cup and 1 in the Charity Shield.
After retiring as a player, Kelsey later worked for Arsenal as the club's commercial manager, finally retiring in 1989. He died in Friern Barnet, London in 1992, at the age of 62.
Kelsey is survived by his two sons, Paul John Kelsey (Born 1958), Peter John Kelsey (Born 1961).
In September 2010 Kelsey was inducted to the Welsh Sports Hall of Fame.
References
Welsh men's footballers
Wales men's international footballers
Arsenal F.C. players
Men's association football goalkeepers
1958 FIFA World Cup players
1929 births
1992 deaths
Footballers from Swansea
London XI players
English Football League players
English Football League representative players |
94971 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Houston%20County%2C%20Minnesota | Houston County, Minnesota | Houston County ( ) is a county in the U.S. state of Minnesota. At the 2020 census, the population was 18,843. Its county seat is Caledonia.
Houston County is included in the La Crosse–Onalaska metropolitan statistical area.
History
The area covered by today's Houston County was first organized as St. Croix County, of the Wisconsin Territory, in 1839. On October 27, 1849, part of that county was partitioned off to create Wabashaw County of the Minnesota Territory. On February 23, 1854, the territorial legislature authorized the partitioning of sections of Wabashaw to create Fillmore County and Houston County. An election on April 4, 1854, allowed the county government to be completed. The county was named for Sam Houston, who had been president of the Republic of Texas and a US senator from Texas. The village of Houston was the first county seat. Then a land speculator made an effort to move the seat to Caledonia, and in 1855 the county board moved the county records to Caledonia, which became the de facto seat, and eventually the legal seat after several county votes. In 1855 the records were stored in the cabin of Commissioner Samuel McPhail; the first court hearings were held in that cabin, and a one-story courthouse and jail was built in Caledonia in 1857. A two-story building was built in Caledonia in 1867, and several referendums made Caledonia the county seat by 1874. From that point on, Caledonia prospered and Houston slowly declined. The only other area of prominence was La Crescent, which benefited from its connection to La Crosse, Wisconsin.
Geography
Houston County is at Minnesota's southeast corner. Its eastern border abuts Wisconsin (across the Mississippi River) and its southern border abuts Iowa. The Mississippi flows south-southeast along its eastern border. The Root River flows east through the northern part of the county, discharging into the Mississippi. Pine Creek flows east-southeast through the northeastern part of the county to discharge into the Mississippi, while Crooked Creek flows east across the southern part of the county to discharge into the Mississippi. The county's terrain consists of low rolling hills on its western end, transitioning to hills carved with drainages toward the east. The central and western portion of the county is a plateau with its highest point at ASL, near its southwest corner. The county has a total area of , of which is land and (2.9%) is water.
The county is in the Driftless Zone, marked by the absence of glacial drift and presence of bedrock cut by streams into steep hills. The plateau that surrounds Caledonia includes flat, fertile farm land and hilly, verdant pasture land.
Lakes
The Upper Mississippi River National Wildlife and Fish Refuge runs along the county's eastern border. Four lakes in the refuge fall within the county:
Blue Lake
Hayshore Lake
Lawrence Lake
Target Lake
Adjacent counties
Winona County - north
La Crosse County, Wisconsin - northeast
Vernon County, Wisconsin - east
Allamakee County, Iowa - south
Winneshiek County, Iowa - southwest
Fillmore County - west
Protected areas
Beaver Creek Valley State Park
Mound Prairie Scientific and Natural Area
Upper Mississippi River National Wildlife and Fish Refuge (part)
Demographics
2020 Census
2000 census
As of the census of 2000, there were 19,718 people, 7,633 households and 5,411 families in the county. The population density was . There were 8,168 housing units at an average density of . The racial makeup of the county was 98.47% White, 0.31% Black or African American, 0.18% Native American, 0.37% Asian, 0.02% Pacific Islander, 0.14% from other races, and 0.51% from two or more races. 0.61% of the population were Hispanic or Latino of any race. 43.1% were of German, 29.6% Norwegian and 7.5% Irish ancestry.
There were 7,633 households, of which 34.4% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 60.0% were married couples living together, 7.4% had a female householder with no husband present, and 29.1% were non-families. 25.4% of all households were made up of individuals, and 12.0% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.53 and the average family size was 3.05.
The county population contained 27.2% under the age of 18, 6.8% from 18 to 24, 26.8% from 25 to 44, 23.1% from 45 to 64, and 16.0% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 39 years. For every 100 females there were 97.5 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 95.1 males.
The median household income was $40,680 and the median family income was $49,196. Males had a median income of $32,557 and females $22,158. The per capita income was $18,826. About 4.2% of families and 6.5% of the population were below the poverty line, including 6.4% of those under age 18 and 11.2% of those age 65 or over.
Transportation
Transit
La Crosse MTU
Major highways
U.S. Highway 14
U.S. Highway 61
Minnesota State Highway 16
Minnesota State Highway 26
Minnesota State Highway 44
Minnesota State Highway 76
Airport
Houston County Airport
Communities
Cities
Brownsville
Caledonia (county seat)
Eitzen
Hokah
Houston
La Crescent (partly in Winona County)
Spring Grove
Unincorporated communities
Bee
Black Hammer
Freeburg
Jefferson
Mayville
Money Creek
Newhouse
Pine Creek (partial)
Reno
River Junction
Willington Grove
Wilmington
Yucatan
Sheldon
Townships
Black Hammer Township
Brownsville Township
Caledonia Township
Crooked Creek Township
Hokah Township
Houston Township
Jefferson Township
La Crescent Township
Mayville Township
Money Creek Township
Mound Prairie Township
Sheldon Township
Spring Grove Township
Union Township
Wilmington Township
Winnebago Township
Yucatan Township
Government and politics
Houston County voters have tended to vote Republican in the 21st century. As of 2020 the county had selected the Republican candidate in 67% of presidential elections since 1980.
Education
School districts include:
Caledonia Public School District
Houston Public School District
La Crescent-Hokah School District
Mabel-Canton Public School District
Rushford-Peterson Public Schools
Spring Grove School District
See also
National Register of Historic Places listings in Houston County, Minnesota
Upper Mississippi River National Wildlife and Fish Refuge
References
History of Houston County (1919)
External links
Houston County
Houston County Health and Demographic Data
Minnesota counties
Minnesota counties on the Mississippi River
1854 establishments in Minnesota Territory
Populated places established in 1854
Sam Houston |
32145408 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mark%20S.%20Cohen | Mark S. Cohen | Mark Steven Cohen (born 1956) is an American neuroscientist and early pioneer of functional brain imaging using magnetic resonance imaging. He currently is a Professor of Psychiatry, Neurology, Radiology, Psychology, Biomedical Physics and Biomedical Engineering at the Semel Institute for Neuroscience and Human Behavior and the Staglin Center for Cognitive Neuroscience. He is also a performing musician.
Biography
Cohen was born in St. Paul, Minnesota. He was raised in Stanford, California. Cohen did his undergraduate studies at both the Massachusetts Institute of Technology and Stanford University, from which he received his bachelor's degree in Human Biology. He then went to the Rockefeller University where he trained under Victor Wilson, Donald Pfaff, and Susan Schwartz Giblin, receiving his Ph.D. in 1985 for his work on the pudendal nerve evoked response and its modulation by steroid hormones.
In 1985 Cohen joined the MRI Applications Group at Siemens Medical Solutions where he began a career in MRI that was focused originally on education and on technological improvements to reduce scan times. From 1988 to 1990 he directed the applications program at Advanced NMR Systems in Woburn Massachusetts, a small startup dedicated to the creation of a practical echo planar imaging instrument. He joined the faculty at Harvard Massachusetts General Hospital in 1990, where he directed the "Hyperscan" fast imaging laboratory and was the director of the MRI education program until 1993.
In 1993 Cohen joined the faculty at UCLA, holding professorships in Psychiatry, Neurology, Radiology, Biomedical Physics, Psychology and Bioengineering. He served on the UCLA Council for Research from 2011 to 2016 and as its chair for two years.
In 2005 Cohen established the UCLA/Semel Neuroimaging Training Program (NITP), funded by NIH, and he directed the program for ten years. The NITP, which provided stipend support for both US and International students, provided core training in statistics, analog and digital signal processing, computation, electronics, neurophysiology, and a range of imaging methods. NITP summer training sessions provided immersive training in advanced MRI methods for more than 350 attendees and were simulcasted to more than 2,000 viewers in more than 160 countries. The NITP was profiled in both Science and Nature magazines.
Educator
Cohen served as the Chair of the Education Committee for the Society of Magnetic Resonance and the Chair of the Education Committee for the Society of Magnetic Resonance in Medicine. He received both a Post-Doctoral Mentoring Award and an Excellence in (undergraduate) Mentoring Award from UCLA. He also was given the Education in Neuroimaging Award from the Organization for Human Brain Mapping. He mentored a total of 40 doctoral students at UCLA, UC Santa Barbara, Cal Tech, and the University of Southern California, as well as seven post-doctoral fellows.
Cohen is active in international scientific relations, especially in Cuba, and his commentaries have been solicited and published in The Guardian, The New Yorker, BuzzFeed, and other news media.
Academic research
Cohen's achievements in MRI include the earliest clinical uses of echo-planar imaging, defining the safe boundaries of operation of high-end MRI units. While at Advanced NMR Systems he partnered with Jack Belliveau and others at Harvard University to create the first functional images of the human brain by MRI using the ultra-fast instrument he and his collaborators built. The latter work appeared in Science as cover art, using a now canonical image that Cohen designed. After moving to Harvard he went on to play a crucial role in the second major advancement in functional MRI - allowing observation of brain function without injected contrast agents - that resulted in Kenneth Kwong's seminal paper (in the same year that Ogawa and colleagues submitted their results subsequently published a year later in PNAS)),using the ultra-fast instrument he and his collaborators built. As a co-inventor of functional MRI, Cohen created an iconic cover for Science magazine that became a canonical standard for presentation of such data, and that has been reproduced widely.
With his original training in neurophysiology, Cohen was interested developing a practical means of recording brain electrical signals EEG simultaneously with fMRI. The method that he created was licensed to Electrical Geodesics, Inc. and sold as the GES300MR. With his student, Robin Goldman, he demonstrated strong functional associations between MRI and EEG signals.
Cohen has developed multiple experimental methods to enable studies of the brain’s physical structure/mental structure interface. These methods include ultrafast imaging techniques, fMRI, simultaneous EEG and MRI, machine-learning methods for decoding brain images, and focused ultrasound brain stimulation. He has applied these tools to the investigation of mental imagery, time perception, racial/religious bias, the neurology of belief, and lie detection. He also has used MRI methods to better detect and understand major psychiatric and neurological disorders including schizophrenia, obsessive compulsive disorder, epilepsy, depression, dementia, bipolar disorder, addiction, ADHD, autism, and others.
Art & Science
Cohen’s work at the art/science interface, in collaborations with Victoria Vesna, Marcos Novak, Philip Beesley (where their collaborative work examines the boundary of life and non-life), and others, has been exhibited both nationally and internationally.
Cohen is an accomplished musician, playing a variety of instruments including guitar, bass, and pedal steel guitar.
References
Living people
American neuroscientists
1956 births
People from Calabasas, California
Scientists from Pasadena, California
Scientists from Saint Paul, Minnesota |
53516875 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Albert%20Rubens | Albert Rubens | Albert Rubens (1614–1657), was the eldest son of Peter Paul Rubens and Isabella Brant. His research as a philologist and scholar of antiquity gained him the recognition of fellow scholars throughout Europe. He held an official position in the government of the Habsburg Netherlands as a secretary of the Privy Council of the Habsburg Netherlands.
Life
Albert Rubens was baptised on 5 June 1614, presumably within a few days of being born. The governor of the Spanish Netherlands, Albert VII, acted as godfather by proxy. He studied at the Latin school of the Augustinians in Antwerp, which ensured that he obtained a thorough schooling in classical literature from an early age. He was also tutored by Gaspar Gevartius, a scholar of repute who was a friend of his father. Under Gevartius he studied the humanistic core subjects of philosophy, numismatics and the classics.
Albert had a particular interest in Roman Antiquity and in numismatics. In 1627 he became the youngest poet of Antwerp. One of his poems about antique coins was published in the second edition of Jacob de Bie's book on Duke Charles III de Croÿ's ancient coin collection published in 1627 with the title for which his father had designed the frontispiece. His father introduced him to famous scholars of his time such as the French archaeologist Nicolas-Claude Fabri de Peiresc.
When Peter Paul Rubens was sent on a diplomatic mission to the English court in 1630, King Philip IV of Spain felt it was proper to first appoint him as a secretary of the Privy Council of the Habsburg Netherlands, one of the administrative organs of the government of the Habsburg Netherlands. The King intended that this role would be passed on to Rubens' son Albert. As a result, Albert Rubens was on 15 June 1630 appointed acting secretary of the Privy Council. Only upon the death of his father in 1640 did he succeed to the post in full. The prospect of a future gainful employment as a government official allowed Albert to pursue his studies and write about diverse scholarly subjects. He also undertook the obligatory trip to Italy and was in Venice in 1634.
On 3 January 1641 Albert married Clara del Monte, daughter of Raymond del Monte, the brother of Peter Paul Rubens' friend and travel companion Deodat del Monte, and Susanna Fourment, the elder sister of Albert's stepmother Helena Fourment. The couple settled in Brussels and had four children: Albert, Isabella, Constantia and Clara. Their son Albert died in September 1656 after he was bitten by a rabid dog. His parents never recovered from the loss. Albert died on 1 October 1657 and Clara on 25 November following. Both were buried in the Rubens family chapel in the St. James' Church in Antwerp. Their three daughters were raised by Albert's cousin, Filips Rubens, a city clerk in Antwerp.
Work
At the time of his death, Albert left a number of writings, some of them in finished form, others unfinished. A collection of his essays on ancient clothing, coins and gems was posthumously edited by the German scholar Johann Georg Graevius and published in 1665 by Balthasar Moretus in Antwerp under the title De re vestiaria veterum, [...], et alia eiusdem opuscula posthuma. It contained 3 folded plates plus 9 engravings of which 7 were engraved after designs by Peter Paul Rubens. The engraver was Cornelis Galle the Younger. The book included essays by Albert Rubens on the Gemma Augustea and the Gemma Tiberiana. He relied for his interpretation of the Gemma Tiberiana on the correspondence between his father and de Peiresc. This book was still highly regarded far into the 18th century. Graevius also included contributions of Albert in his own publications such as the (1694–1699, in 12 volumes). These contributions included the treatises and and the and .
In 1694 Graevius edited and published Albert Rubens' , which describes the life of the Roman Emperor Theodosius the Great and his sons and provides textual sources. This book was deemed very important and was republished in a new edition in 1754 to a very positive review.
An inventory of his collection of gems and cameos was drawn up in duplicate by Jean-Jacques Chifflet. A copy is kept in the Bibliothèque municipale de Besançon). His gems included cameos with depictions of respectively the goddess Luna and Saint Joseph and a stone with an Aqua Virgo. His coin collection was not extensive and included silver and bronze pieces.
Publications
De re vestiaria veterum, etc., Antwerp, Officina Plantiniana, 1665.
Dissertatio de vita Fl. Mallii Tbeodori, Utrecht, Willem Broedelet, 1694.
See also
Rubens family
References
External links
1614 births
1657 deaths
al
Flemish nobility
Flemish numismatists |
33689282 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thomas%20Larkin%20%28ice%20hockey%29 | Thomas Larkin (ice hockey) | Thomas Larkin (born 31 December 1990) is a British-born Italian ice hockey defenceman. He is currently playing with Schwenninger Wild Wings of the Deutsche Eishockey Liga (DEL). Larkin was selected by the Columbus Blue Jackets in the 5th round (137th overall) of the 2009 NHL Entry Draft, the first Italian-trained player ever selected in the NHL Entry Draft. Larkin attended Phillips Exeter Academy and then spent four years at Colgate University, where he played for the Raiders ice hockey team, and served as the team's co-captain during his senior season. Internationally, Larkin has represented Italy at the world championships.
Playing career
In Larkin's final season at Phillips Exeter Academy he set a school record for most goals and assists by a defenceman in one season (14 and 38, respectively). He also had the school record for most career points by a defenceman (82). Prior to the 2009 NHL Entry Draft Larkin was ranked 87th overall amongst North American skaters by the NHL Central Scouting Bureau. This was an improvement of 59 spots from his place three months prior. He was selected in the fifth round, 137th overall by the Columbus Blue Jackets, becoming the first Italian-trained player ever chosen in the NHL Entry Draft.
Larkin had an impressive freshman season at Colgate University, playing in 33 games and registering 19 points with 32 minutes in penalties, but his production fell to just 11 points in 41 games played during his sophomore 2010–11 season. Upon completion of his collegiate career, on 5 July 2013, Larkin was signed to a two-year entry level contract by the Columbus Blue Jackets.
At the conclusion of his entry-level contract with the Blue Jackets, Larkin was not tendered a new offer and was released to free agency. On 22 August 2015, Larkin signed his first professional European contract, agreeing to a one-year contract with Croatian KHL participants Medveščak Zagreb. He eventually played for the Zagreb team until 16 February 2017 and then was picked up by Adler Mannheim of the German DEL.
On 7 November 2017, Larkin hit Daniel Paille during a match between Swedish club Brynas and Adler Mannheim, resulting in Paille leaving with a severe concussion. Two days after the incident, Larkin apologized on Twitter, writing:
"It wasn’t my intention to cause an injury. I wanted to put pressure on the puck carrier behind the net. I would like to apologize to Daniel Paille and I hope he is back playing soon."
A year later on 29 November 2018, Swedish prosecutor Joakim Johansson indicated that Larkin would be charged with assault for blindsiding Paille.
In the 2018-19 campaign, Larkin captured the German championship with Mannheim, scoring the game winner in overtime of game five in the finals against Munich.
Larkin played seven seasons with Adler Mannheim before leaving as a free agent to sign a one-year contract with Schwenninger Wild Wings of the DEL on 16 April, 2023.
International play
Larkin competed at the 2011 IIHF World Championship Division I, 2012 IIHF World Championship and 2014 IIHF World Championship as a member of the Italy national ice hockey team.
Personal life
Larkin was born in London but grew up in Cocquio-Trevisago, Italy. His father is from Boston, Massachusetts while his mother is from Milan, Italy. When Larkin was four his family moved to Italy; it was there, at age 7, that he first began to play hockey, joining his older brother at the HC Varese's rink. Larkin speaks five languages (English, Italian, French, Spanish and German).
Career statistics
Regular season and playoffs
International
Awards and honors
References
External links
1990 births
Adler Mannheim players
Alumni of the European Schools
Colgate Raiders men's ice hockey players
Columbus Blue Jackets draft picks
Evansville IceMen players
Italian ice hockey defencemen
English people of Italian descent
Living people
KHL Medveščak Zagreb players
Phillips Exeter Academy alumni
Schwenninger Wild Wings players
Springfield Falcons players
Sportspeople from the Province of Varese |
9476742 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Phillip%20Baldwin | Phillip Baldwin | Phillip Benjamin Baldwin (December 23, 1924 – April 20, 2002) was a Senior Judge of the United States Court of Appeals for the Federal Circuit and previously was an Associate Judge of the United States Court of Customs and Patent Appeals.
Education and career
Baldwin was born in Marshall, Texas, the son of Lucile Jones Baldwin and John Browning Baldwin, M.D., and brother of John Browning "Jack" Baldwin, Jr., Mary Jane Baldwin Sanders and Francis Scott "Scotty" Baldwin, Sr. He was the great-grandson of William Fitzpatrick Baldwin, M.D., after whom the community of Baldwin, Texas was named in 1845. Baldwin was a United States Army Air Corps pilot from 1943 to 1946, flying B-25 Mitchells in the South West Pacific theatre of World War II on low-level bombing raids. His unit was the 405th Flight Squadron, 38th Bombardment Group, of the Fifth Air Force. He earned the Asiatic-Pacific Campaign Medal with six bronze service stars (Luzon, Western Pacific, New Guinea, Borneo, China Sea offensive, and the air offensive of Japan). He was also decorated with the American Campaign Medal and by the Philippine Government with the Philippine Liberation Medal. Baldwin later went on to pursue his undergraduate degree at North Texas State University, receiving a Bachelor of Arts degree in 1949. He studied at Baylor Law School before graduating from the South Texas College of Law Houston. He went into private practice in his hometown of Marshall and then moved on to public service a year later, serving as Assistant District Attorney for Harrison County, Texas and later District Attorney. In 1959, he returned to private practice in Marshall with his brother, Scotty Baldwin, and remained there until his appointment to the federal bench in 1968. Following his retirement from the federal judiciary in 1991, he joined California-based JAMS Mediation, Arbitration and ADR Services as an arbitrator and special master handling intellectual property disputes in Dallas, Houston and New York.
Federal judicial service
Baldwin was nominated by President Lyndon B. Johnson on May 29, 1968, to a seat on the United States Court of Customs and Patent Appeals vacated by Judge Isaac Jack Martin. He was confirmed by the United States Senate on July 25, 1968, and received his commission on July 25, 1968. He was reassigned by operation of law on October 1, 1982, to the United States Court of Appeals for the Federal Circuit, to a new seat authorized by 96 Stat. 25. He assumed senior status due to a certified disability on November 24, 1986. His service terminated on April 8, 1991, due to his retirement. He died in Shreveport, Louisiana on April 20, 2002. His chamber papers and personal records were donated to South Texas College of Law Houston in 2005.
Notable case
Baldwin was the author of In re Moore (444 F. 2d 572, 170 U.S.P.Q. (BNA) 260 (Fed. Cir. 1987)), a patent law case establishing the logical asymmetry of the "prior invention" standard between patent interference claims and Rule 131 affidavits.
Personal life
Baldwin was married to Mertie Bellamy Baldwin for 54 years. He had four children, Rebecca Baldwin Clark, Jane Baldwin Chrisenberry, Phillip Baldwin, Jr., and Nancy Baldwin Rohtert.
References
External links
1924 births
2002 deaths
Baylor Law School alumni
Judges of the United States Court of Appeals for the Federal Circuit
Judges of the United States Court of Customs and Patent Appeals
People from Marshall, Texas
South Texas College of Law alumni
United States Army Air Forces officers
United States Army Air Forces pilots of World War II
United States federal judges appointed by Lyndon B. Johnson
20th-century American judges
University of North Texas alumni |
74584 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Crippleware | Crippleware | Crippleware has been defined in realms of both computer software and hardware. In software, crippleware means that "vital features of the program such as printing or the ability to save files are disabled until the user purchases a registration key". While crippleware allows consumers to see the software before they buy, they are unable to test its complete functionality because of the disabled functions. Hardware crippleware is "a hardware device that has not been designed to its full capability". The functionality of the hardware device is limited to encourage consumers to pay for a more expensive upgraded version. Usually the hardware device considered to be crippleware can be upgraded to better or its full potential by way of a trivial change, such as removing a jumper wire. The manufacturer would most likely release the crippleware as a low-end or economy version of their product.
Computer software
Deliberately limited programs are usually freeware versions of computer programs that lack the most advanced (or even crucial) features of the original program. Limited versions are made available in order to increase the popularity of the full program (by making it more desirable) without giving it away free. Examples include a word processor that cannot save or print, and unwanted features, for example screencasting and video editing software programs applying a watermark (often a logo) onto the video screen. However, crippleware programs can also differentiate between tiers of paying software customers.
The term "crippleware" is sometimes used to describe software products whose functions have been limited (or "crippled") with the sole purpose of encouraging or requiring the user to pay for those functions (either by paying a one-time fee or an ongoing subscription fee).
The less derogatory term, from a shareware software producer's perspective, is feature-limited. Feature-limited is merely one mechanism for marketing shareware as a damaged good; others are time-limited, usage-limited, capacity-limited, nagware and output-limited. From the producer's standpoint, feature-limited allows customers to try software with no commitment instead of relying on questionable or possibly staged reviews. Try-before-you-buy applications are very prevalent for mobile devices, with the additional damaged good of ad-displays as well as all of the other forms of damaged-good applications.
From an Open Source software providers perspective, there is the model of open core which includes a feature-limited version of the product and an open-core version. The feature-limited version can be used widely; this approach is used by products like MySQL and Eucalyptus.
Computer hardware
This product differentiation strategy has also been used in hardware products:
The Intel 486SX which was a 486DX with the FPU removed or in early versions present but disabled.
AMD disabled defective cores on their quad-core Phenom and Phenom II X4 processor dies to make cheaper triple-core Phenom and Phenom II X3 and dual-core X2 models without the expense of designing new chips. Quad-core dies with one or two faulty cores can be used as triple- or dual-core processors rather than being discarded, increasing yield. Some users have managed to "unlock" these crippled cores, when not faulty.
Casio's fx-82ES scientific calculator uses the same ROM as the fx-991ES (a model with enhanced functionality), and can be made to act as the latter by strategically cutting through the epoxy on the board, and tracing the exposed solder joints using a pencil. This is also the case with the fx-83ES and the fx-85ES.
Apple announcing it would charge $4.99 in order to enable Wi-Fi on some devices in 2007 (fee later reduced to $1.99) and blaming it on GAAP compliance, even though their interpretation of the accounting rules as mandating a fee was contradicted by a former chief accountant of the SEC and by a member of the Financial Accounting Standards Board.
Intel Upgrade Service (2010-2011), which allowed select types of processors to be upgraded via a software activation code, has also been criticized in such terms.
Apple secretly slowed down older iPhones, in a controversy dubbed "batterygate". They settled a consumer fraud lawsuit in 2020 for 113 million dollars.
Automobiles
Tesla limits the range on lower-end versions of the Model S in software, as well as disabling Autopilot functions if those functions weren't purchased.
Some high-end BMW cars in the United Kingdom, Germany, New Zealand, and South Africa have the option to pay a subscription fee for features such as heated seats, advanced cruise control, and automatic beam switching. The components and functionality already exist within the vehicle, but BMW has a software block that prevents them from being used without paying.
Digital rights management
Digital rights management is another example of this product differentiation strategy. Digital files are inherently capable of being copied perfectly in unlimited quantities; digital rights management aims to deter copyright infringement by using hardware or cryptographic techniques to limit copying or playback.
See also
Defective by Design
Dongle
Walled garden (technology)
Planned obsolescence
Shareware
Regional lockout
References
External links
"Antifeatures". Blog entry, wikified list, talk and video by FSF-Board member Benjamin Mako Hill.
Open source means freedom from 'anti-features', Norwegian magazine "Computerworld" reports on Benjamin Mako Hill's talk. (2010-02-08)
"Court order denying motion to dismiss of Melanie Tucker v. Apple Computer Inc. in the United States District Court for the Northern District of California, San Jose Division" (2006-12-20)
Want an iPhone? Beware the iHandcuffs New York Times editorial labeling iPhone OS as "crippleware". (2007-01-14)
"Stealth plan puts copy protection into every hard drive" The Register. (2000-12-20)
"Western Digital drive is DRM-crippled for your safety" The Register. (2007-12-07)
"Western Digital's 'crippleware': Some lessons from history" The Register. Follow-up to original article. (2007-12-12)
Dysphemisms
Product design |
49517487 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Don%27t%20Let%20Me%20Down%20%28The%20Chainsmokers%20song%29 | Don't Let Me Down (The Chainsmokers song) | "Don't Let Me Down" is a song by American production duo the Chainsmokers featuring vocals from American singer Daya. It was released on February 5, 2016, through Disruptor Records and Columbia Records. The song was written by Andrew Taggart, Emily Warren, and Scott Harris. It was released as the radio single follow-up to "Roses".
"Don't Let Me Down" became both the Chainsmokers' and Daya's first top-five single on the US Billboard Hot 100, peaking at number three. It also became the Chainsmokers' second consecutive top 10 entry after "Roses", which peaked at number six. It reached the top 10 in several countries, including Australia, Austria, Canada, Germany, New Zealand, Sweden, and the United Kingdom. A set of remixes for the song, was released on April 15, 2016. A music video for the song was released on April 29, 2016, with appearances from the Chainsmokers and Daya.
The song won a Grammy Award for Best Dance Recording.
In 2021, the song received a diamond certification by the RIAA for selling 10 million units in the United States.
Background and composition
In an interview, Taggart stated that he first created the drop during a flight. The duo later added a "big, echoey guitar sound" to the song, inspired by the bands the xx and Explosions in the Sky, by using a Fender electric guitar and a software plugin. Emily Warren and Scott Harris convened with the duo to create the melody and lyrics. However, the vocalist was not chosen until Taggart heard Daya's "Hide Away", after which the duo enlisted her to record the vocals in the studio. The song was originally intended for Rihanna, but her team rejected it.
The key of the song was originally a step lower, but the duo changed it in order to better accommodate Daya's range. The third drop, which includes the saxophone, was created later in the process. The song has a double-time tempo of 80 beats per minute and a key of G♯ minor. "Don't Let Me Down" follows a chord progression of EBFGm, and Daya's vocals span from G3 to C5.
Critical reception
“Don’t Let Me Down” received critical acclaim. Robbie Daw of Idolator stated "[Don't Let Me Down] kicks off with a haunting guitar loop and 17-year-old Daya lamenting that she's 'crashing, hit a wall, right now I need a miracle.' By the time the chorus sweeps in, the song shifts into full-on trap mode" and called it a "trappy collaboration". Popdust's Jason Scott claimed "[Don't Let Me Down] is an enormously engaging strip of gritty dance-club euphoria. Percussion vibrates underneath a well-constructed skyscraper of synth and evocative vocals from the 17-year-old Daya." Rolling Stone named "Don't Let Me Down" one of the 30 best songs of the first half of 2016, writing "EDM may not dominate the charts the way it used to but the Chainsmokers' swirling, turnt-up love song proves the genre has a little fight left in it. Newcomer Daya goes to battle with the aggro, big room beats and ends up coming out on top."
Chart performance
In the United States, the single debuted at number 85 on the US Billboard Hot 100 for the week of February 27, 2016 but fell off the chart the next week. It made a re-entry at number 81 for the week of March 12, 2016. The song reached a peak of number three for the week of July 16, 2016, and spent 23 weeks in the top 10; it was later named the eighth best-performing single of the year by Billboard (two spots above the duo's number-one hit "Closer").
In the United Kingdom, "Don't Let Me Down" became the Chainsmokers' highest-charting hit (until "Closer" which reached the top of the chart in September 2016) when the song reached number two on the UK Singles Chart on the issue dated July 21, 2016, spending 11 weeks in the top 10.
Music video
The music video for the song was released to YouTube on April 29, 2016.
In the video, Andrew Taggart and Alex Pall (the Chainsmokers) get into a yellow convertible, lowrider at sunrise and begin to drive down a wooded mountain road. Intercut with shots of them driving is Daya, dressed in black leather pants and jacket, singing in a misty field full of bushes. Taggart and Pall stop the car when Daya, surrounded by dancers dressed similarly to her, stand in the middle of the road, blocking it. Daya sings as the girls perform dance moves around her while Taggart and Pall watch from the car. Suddenly, the cars hydraulic suspension begins bouncing up and down on its wheels. As the beat progresses, the rocking of the car becomes more violent and aggressive. Towards the end of the song, the rocking lifts Taggart and Pall out of the car and they are suspended in the air as the girls disperse. The music video was based around the show Supernatural, Taggart and Pall, representing Sam and Dean as they encounter and face in the woods a group of witches.
As of September 2022, the video has received 1.8 billion views on YouTube.
Cover versions
Usher covered "Don't Let Me Down" in BBC Radio 1's Live Lounge on September 5, 2016.
Denver, CO heavy metal band, Immortal Sÿnn, released a cover of the song on November 3, 2016.
Singer Joy Williams released a cover of the song on March 12, 2017.
Lyca Gairanod, winner of The Voice Kids Philippines first season, covered the song in a local morning show Umagang Kay Ganda (Lit. A Morning So Beautiful) in early 2017.
In other media
The song was featured in the television series Lucifer, Degrassi: Next Class and Younger.
In March 2017, the Joy Williams version of the song was used in a State Farm Insurance commercial.
The song is featured as exclusive content on Just Dance 2017s subscription-based content, Just Dance Unlimited.
An instrumental version was used prominently as part of the BBC's 2017 UK General Election coverage.
It was played during the swimsuit competition of Miss Universe 2016.
Track listing
Charts
Weekly charts
Year-end charts
Decade-end charts
Certifications
Release history
References
2016 singles
2016 songs
The Chainsmokers songs
Daya (singer) songs
Songs written by Andrew Taggart
Songs written by Emily Warren
Songs written by Scott Harris (songwriter)
Indie pop songs
Trap music (EDM) songs
Disruptor Records singles
Columbia Records singles
Sony Music singles
Grammy Award for Best Dance Recording |
959369 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jianzhen | Jianzhen | Jianzhen (; 688–763), or Ganjin in Japanese, was a Chinese monk who helped to propagate Buddhism in Japan. In the eleven years from 743 to 754, Jianzhen attempted to visit Japan some six times. Ganjin finally came to Japan in the year 753 and founded Tōshōdai-ji in Nara. When he finally succeeded on his sixth attempt he had lost his eyesight as a result of an infection acquired during his journey. Jianzhen's life story and voyage are described in the scroll, "The Sea Journey to the East of a Great Bonze from the Tang Dynasty."
Life
Jianzhen was born in Jiangyin county in Guangling Prefecture (present day Yangzhou, Jiangsu) China, with the surname of Chunyu (淳于). At the age of fourteen, he became a disciple of Dayun Temple (大云寺). At twenty he travelled to Chang'an for study and returned six years later, eventually becoming abbot of Daming Temple. Besides his learning in the Tripiṭaka, Jianzhen is also said to have been an expert in medicine. He opened the Buddhist temple as a place of healing, creating the Beitian Court (悲田院)—a hospital within Daming Temple.
In autumn 742, an emissary from Japan invited Jianzhen to lecture in Japan. Despite protests from his disciples, Jianzhen made preparations and in spring 743 was ready for the long voyage across the East China Sea to Japan. The crossing failed and in the following years, Jianzhen made three more attempts but was thwarted by unfavourable conditions or government intervention.
In summer 748, Jianzhen made his fifth attempt to reach Japan. Leaving from Yangzhou, he made it to the Zhoushan Archipelago off the coast of modern Zhejiang. But the ship was blown off course and ended up in the Yande (延德) commandery on Hainan Island. Jianzhen was then forced to make his way back to Yangzhou by land, lecturing at a number of monasteries on the way. Jianzhen travelled along the Gan River to Jiujiang, and then down the Yangtze River. The entire failed enterprise took him close to three years. By the time Jianzhen returned to Yangzhou, he was blind from an infection.
In the autumn of 753, the blind Jianzhen decided to join a Japanese emissary ship returning to its home country. After an eventful sea journey of several months, the group finally landed at Kagoshima, Kyūshū, on December 20. They reached Nara in the spring of the next year and were welcomed by the Emperor. At Nara, Jianzhen presided over Tōdai-ji. The Chinese monks who travelled with him introduced Chinese religious sculpture to the Japanese. In 755, the first ordination platform in Japan was constructed at Tōdai-ji, on the place where including former Emperor Shōmu and Empress Kōmyō received ordination by Jianzhen a year earlier. In 759 he retired to a piece of land granted to him by the imperial court in the western part of Nara. There he founded a school and also set up a private temple, Tōshōdai-ji. In the ten years until his death in Japan, Jianzhen not only propagated the Buddhist faith among the aristocracy, but also served as an important conductor of Chinese culture.
Jianzhen died on the 6th day of the 5th month of 763. A dry-lacquer statue of him made shortly after his death can still be seen at Tōshōdai-ji. Recognised as one of the greatest of its type, it has been postulated by statue restoration experts that the statue incorporates linen clothing originally worn by Ganjin. The statue was temporarily brought to Jianzhen's original temple in Yangzhou in 1980 as part of a friendship exchange between Japan and China.
Jianzhen is credited with the introduction of the Ritsu school of Buddhism to Japan, which focused on the vinaya, or Buddhist monastic rules.
Notes and references
Bibliography
Bingenheimer, Marcus (2003). "A translation of the Tōdaiwajō tōseiden 唐大和上東征傳." (Part 1)," The Indian International Journal of Buddhist Studies 4, 168-189
Bingenheimer, Marcus (2004). "A translation of the Tōdaiwajō tōseiden 唐大和上東征傳. (Part 2)", The Indian International Journal of Buddhist Studies 5, 142-181
Genkai, Aomi-no Mabito; Takakusu J., trans. (1928). Le voyage de Kanshin en Orient (742-754), Bulletin de l'École française d'Extrême-Orient 28 (1), 1-41
Genkai, Aomi-no Mabito; Takakusu J., trans. (1929). Le voyage de Kanshin en Orient (742-754), Bulletin de l'École française d'Extrême-Orient 29 (1), 47-62
Zhou, Yuzhi (2016). Ganjin: From Vinaya Master to Ritsu School Founder, Journal of Asian Humanities at kyushu University 1, 47-52
External links
Tōdai-ji Homepage
Tang dynasty Buddhist monks
Japanese Buddhist clergy
Blind clergy
688 births
763 deaths
Chinese emigrants to Japan
Founders of Buddhist sects
Nara period Buddhist clergy
People from Yangzhou
8th-century Chinese physicians
Physicians with disabilities
Chinese blind people
Japanese blind people |
64487039 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Willie%20Baker | Willie Baker | Willie Baker was an American Piedmont blues guitarist, singer and songwriter. He recorded eight tracks, playing a twelve-string guitar to back his own strong vocals. All of his recordings took place in January and March 1929 in Richmond, Indiana, United States. Details of his life outside of his recording career are sketchy.
Biography
It is generally supposed that Baker was born in Pierce County, Georgia, United States, although little is known of his upbringing.
One local peculiarity of the area around Atlanta, Georgia, was the number of twelve-string guitar players that emerged in the 1920s. It is an unusual primary instrument for blues musicians to use; and yet the first recording of a male country blues singer was undertaken by a twelve-string guitarist, Ed Andrews, who recorded for Okeh Records in Atlanta in early 1924. Others who appeared and recorded in the next few years from that same general location, included Willie Baker, Blind Willie McTell, Barbecue Bob, Charley Lincoln, Julius Daniels, and George Carter. The brothers Barbecue Bob (Robert Hicks) and Charley Lincoln (Charlie Hicks), plus Curley Weaver were all taught to play by Curley's mother, Savannah "Dip" Shepard Weaver, a well-respected pianist and guitarist. The manner of Baker's open-tuned guitar work, often using a slide, and style of singing, allied him with the Hicks brothers, although it is pure speculation whether they were acquainted with each other. Baker was remembered as playing around Patterson, Georgia, and it is possible that he saw Robert Hicks play in a medicine show in Waycross, Georgia.
What is certain is that Baker recorded a number of sides, probably eight, in January and March 1929 in Richmond, Indiana for Gennett Records.
Baker's lyrics often used common blues parlance of the time. His song "Crooked Woman Blues" contained the lines "It's comin' a time, these women won't need no men / They'll find a wash job, an' money come rollin' in". The term 'wash job' related to the employment of washerwoman. In "Weak-Minded Woman", Baker used the lines "A weak-minded woman will let a rounder tear her down / An' when she get in trouble that rounder can't be found". Weak-minded was a derivative of the standard English sense of lacking in strength of purpose, being used as susceptible to loose sexual morals. As 'weak mind', the idiom survived in the speech of black youths up to the 1970s. In the same song, Baker's use of the term 'take' was meant to denote 'to be seized by, or have an attack of something' as described in the lyrics "Woman take the blues, she gonna buy her paper an' read / Man take them blues he gonna catch a train an' leave". Whereas in "No No Blues", Baker sang "I'm long and tall, like a cannon ball / Take a long-tall man, make a kid gal, make a kid gal squall". 'Long and tall' was often used in blues songs, but is now redundant in everyday speech. In the same song, Baker also used the lines "Take a mighty crooked woman, treat a good man wrong / Take a mighty mean man, take another man, take another man's whore". 'Mean' as used here indicated a man of disreputable or amoral intent. Other musicians of that period such as Blind Lemon Jefferson, Freddie Spruell and Charley Patton all used the word in their song lyrics with equal meaning.
Commenting on one of Baker's song titles, "Bad Luck Moan", one historian noted that the term 'moan' was common in both lyrics and song titles on early blues recordings, but that usage generally dried up around 1930. It was used back then to describe a lover's dirge, as in Son House's description of his friend Charley Patton's track, "Mean Black Moan". This accords to the dictionary variant of the word 'moan' meaning a lament in poetical terms.
In recording "Ain't It A Good Thing?", Baker following a short spoken introduction of "Yes! I'm always have more than one"; then boasted as he sang "When I was young, in my prime / I kept a gang of women all the time".
In the mid-1960s, some unreliable sightings placed Baker in Miami, Florida, but it is not certain if this was the same individual who recorded for Gennett. A decade later, Baker's work was assessed in the publication Formulaic Lines and Stanzas in the Country Blues.
Pseudonyms and confusion of identity
Some of the Gennett recordings were later reissued on subsidiary labels, such as Champion and Supertone. These often employed a pseudonym for the original artist, with the express desire of avoiding paying the musician's royalties.
Thus Baker's sides were also later released as by 'Steamboat Bill and His Guitar' (Champion label) and 'Willie Jones and His Guitar' (Supertone label). The one oddity is that in 1934, Varsity Records issued Baker's 1929 track "No No Blues" as the B-side to Handy Archie's A-side, "Miss Handy Hanks". Handy Archie was in itself a pseudonym for one Archie Lewis, although he is not to be confused with the later Jamaican singer of the same name.
Baker's own identity has been the subject of speculation over the ensuing decades among blues historians. Some puzzled whether Baker was another Gennett Records inspired pseudonym, with both Barbecue Bob and Charley Lincoln the most likely true performers. One source noted that although Baker's voice on "Sweet Patunie Blues" sounds similar to Lincoln's own vocal stylings, they doubted either of the Hicks brothers would pay their own travel expenses from Georgia to Indiana, to record a few tracks under an assumed name.
This apparent confusion is exemplified in the compilation album titled, Atlanta Blues : Charley Lincoln & Willie Baker 1927 – 1930. This contains each performers work, and yet seemingly credits Baker's "Mamma, Don't Rush Me Blues" not once, but twice, to Lincoln.
Discography
Singles
Selected compilation albums
Complete Recorded Works (1927–1939) (Document, 1984)
The Georgia Blues Guitarists (P-Vine, 2002)
The Rough Guide to Unsung Heroes of Country Blues, Vol. 2 (World Music Network, 2015)
See also
List of Piedmont blues musicians
References
External links
Willie Baker – "Ain't It A Good Thing?" @ YouTube
Willie Baker – "No No Blues" @ YouTube
Discogs.com listing
Year of birth missing
Place of birth missing
Year of death missing
Place of death missing
American blues guitarists
American male guitarists
American blues singers
Singers from Georgia (U.S. state)
Guitarists from Georgia (U.S. state)
Songwriters from Georgia (U.S. state)
Piedmont blues musicians
20th-century American male singers
20th-century American singers
20th-century American guitarists
American male songwriters |
12915629 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Schoepfia%20harrisii | Schoepfia harrisii | Schoepfia harrisii is a species of flowering plant in the Schoepfiaceae family. It is a small tree or shrub, growing two to five metres tall. It is endemic to Jamaica, where it is only known to occur in the parishes of Trelawny and Clarendon, in what is known as Cockpit Country, a region of many steep, rounded, limestone hills, shaped like an egg-carton. Here it grows on crags in moist woodland, between 600 and 900m in elevation.
Description
It is a small tree or large shrub, growing two to five metres tall. In Hermann Otto Sleumer's 1984 monograph on the Neotropical species of Schoepfia he writes that it can exceptionally grow to ten metres, however he may have been confusing the issue with data garnered from a specimen of S. obovata, a species which was first discovered to grow on the island in 1982, when it was found that an earlier found specimen of S. obovata had been misidentified as S. harrisii. George Proctor describes S. harrisii as a "straggling or even scrambling shrub", as opposed to a tree. The first specimen was collected by Harris from a shrub which was 15ft high. The young stems are stout, and become covered in whitish-grey cork at a young age, but the old branches are relatively slender, old branches and main stems growing a thick layer of corky bark.
The leaves then to be variable in shape; they have been described as lanceolate, elliptic or lanceolate-ovate, and sometimes inequilateral; or obovate-oblong or ovate-oblong to oblong-lanceolate, sometimes subobovate-lanceolate. Although most leaves gradually taper to end in a blunt, rounded or even flat apex, they are sometimes bluntly acuminate. The base of the leaves is broadly cuneate to rounded, and then attenuates into a short petiole, 4-8mm in length and about 1.5mm wide. The leaves are up to 11.5cm in length and are usually 2-4cm broad, but usually smaller. The leaf margins are flattish. The leaves are leathery, not really tuberculate and brittle (when dry?) in texture and coloured yellowish-green to pale olive; they are rather dull in colour when dry. The midrib is somewhat raised on both sides of the leaf, and from it 3-4 pairs of lateral veins curved quite steeply towards the apex, sometimes faintly looping before they reach the margin. These veins are slightly or hardly raised on both sides. There is no vein reticulation.
Schoepfia harrisii is a generally cauliflorous species, bearing most of the inflorescences on older stems, although some may incidentally appear in the leaf axils of the young, still leaved stems. There are one to two, sometimes three, glabrous inflorescences at each axil. These inflorescences are rather basic in form, consisting of a short 1-1.5cm long peduncle topped by two flowers, rarely one or three. The flower buds are rounded. The flowers have 1-2mm long pedicels and usually six petals, sometimes five. The flower (the corolla specifically) is believed to be greenish-yellow in colour, but Sleumer notes in 1984 that none of the specimens were in anthesis, only in bud. The 1mm epicalyx (sometimes mistaken for a calyx) is separate from the flower, not adnate to it. The epicalyx is itself composed of adnate bracts and bracteoles, welded into a cup with a very shallowly sinuously lobed and obscurely ciliated margin. The stigma has three lobes.
Its fruit are ellipsoid-shaped drupes, 7-8mm long and 5-6mm wide. The fruit are bright red, or light red. The top (end) of the fruit is glabrous.
Similar species
In the 1984 key by Sleumer, Schoepfia harrisii, S. multiflora and S. vacciniifolia are the only American Schoepfia species which have some or all flowers possessing tiny pedicels - all other species have sessile flowers which sit directly on top of the short peduncles. S. multiflora is also a Jamaican endemic, whereas S. vacciniifolia is a species from Central America.
The island of Jamaica boasts four species of Schoepfia: the endemics S. harrisii and S. multiflora, and S. obovata and S. schreberi (formerly known as S. angustata and S. chrysophylloides on the island), with broader distributions throughout the Caribbean. S. obovata has been misidentified as S. harrisii in the past. This species usually grows at lower elevations; occurs in dry habitats as opposed to moist; has smaller, more regularly shaped leaves which are always blunt at their apexes and have 1-3mm petioles; becomes an erect-growing tree as opposed to a bush; and has yellow to dull red fruits. Proctor considers S. obovata to never be cauliflorous (but Sleumer disagrees).
Taxonomy
Schoepfia harrisii was first collected by William Harris, a government botanist, near the village of Troy at the turn of the 19th century. This specimen was then described as a novel species by Ignatz Urban in the 1907 volume of the Symbolae Antillanae, and became the holotype for the new species.
It is now classified in a small botanical family, the Schoepfiaceae, having previously been considered included in the Olacaceae.
Distribution
It is endemic to Jamaica, where it is only known to occur in two parishes, southernmost Trelawny and northern Clarendon, in what is known as Cockpit Country. Specifically, it occurs in scattered locations in Cockpit Country around the northwestern perimeter of the central mountains.
Ecology
Sleumer states the species can be found at altitudes of 150-915m in 1984, but this may be due to confusion with a misidentified specimen of S. obovata, which was collected near the southern coast. Proctor, whose specimen it was which was misidentified, gives 'revised' altitudes of in 1982, which is followed by Kelly in 1998.
It is only found in Cockpit Country, a karst landscape, a region of many steep, rounded, limestone hills, shaped like a vast egg-carton. Here it grows on crags in moist woodland. It probably blooms in midwinter.
Conservation
An initiative taken by Daniel L. Kelly in 1988 to assess a large number of Jamaican endemic plants, according to the standards promulgated by the IUCN at the time (Davis et al., 1986), identified this species of tree as 'rare', i.e. not in danger of extinction, but at risk due to a restricted geographical range. The species was added to the IUCN Red List of Threatened Species as 'rare' in 1997 (this assessment has disappeared from the website). Kelly eventually assessed the species as 'vulnerable' for The World List of Threatened Trees in 1998 (according to a new set of criteria of the time), which was eventually incorporated in the Red List website as the official 1998 assessment.
References
Schoepfiaceae
Vulnerable plants
Endemic flora of Jamaica
Taxonomy articles created by Polbot |
40526968 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Shrine%20of%20St.%20Anthony%20%28Boston%29 | Shrine of St. Anthony (Boston) | St. Anthony's Shrine, the "Church on Arch Street," is a center for Roman Catholic ministry in Boston, Massachusetts directed by the Franciscan friars of Holy Name Province. The Shrine has served the residents and workers of Boston since its completion in 1955, the community is driven by its dedication to the mission of "welcoming all people through prayer and outreach."
History
Construction and early years
The friars had been serving in the Boston area since 1860. The Archbishop of Boston donated his former mansion in Brookline to them in 1927, which they then converted into St. Francis Friary, a retreat house for laymen which opened the following year. In 1944, shortly after being appointed archbishop, Richard Cushing suggested that the friars open a chapel of ease in the downtown area of the city.
The friars agreed and in 1945 began to hear confessions in the Oratory of St. Thomas More, which was served by the secular clergy of the Archdiocese of Boston. Plans proceeded with establishing their own chapel, for which a small, four-story building was acquired on 103 Arch Street to serve as a temporary chapel. A number of connecting lots across the street were soon also purchased by Holy Name Province of the friars.
Construction of the first spaces for a new chapel begin during the summer of 1946 and the temporary shrine was opened on February 19, 1947, Ash Wednesday of that year, and thus could accommodate the large numbers of faithful who sought the imposition of blessed ashes as per custom on that day. The first rector was the Rev. Harold R. Blake, O.F.M., who supervised a group of eight friars who commuted daily from the friary in Brookline for the first few months of operation. The decision was made to name the new chapel for St. Anthony, who had been declared a Doctor of the Church earlier that year by Pope Pius XII.
The friars moved into the basement of the first lot they had bought, living in the basement while work began preparing a new friary for them. The work was continuous. By the end of the first year of operation, it was estimated that approximately 300,000 confessions had been heard. Some 6,000 were heard by just 25 priests on Christmas Eve 1947 alone.
The final stage of construction of the permanent chapel was begun with a groundbreaking ceremony in October 1952 which was presided over by Cushing and the civil officials of the city. The architect was a friar of the Province, Brother Cajetan Baumann, O.F.M., known for the many churches and friaries he designed throughout the country. The cornerstone of the chapel was laid a year later, and was completed in time for its opening on December 31, 1954, at a final cost of $4.5 million. The mosaic behind the altar was conceived and executed by American Modernist painter Peppino Mangravite.
The chapel and friary were dedicated on November 23, 1955 by Cushing, who by then had been made an official affiliate of the friars, granted to individuals of particular help to the Order.
St. Francis House
In 1981 the friars opened a breadline, providing a free lunch to those in need; two years later they were serving some 200 people daily. Louis Canino, OFM the rector at the time, decided on a more comprehensive approach. He arranged the purchase of an eleven-story building several blocks away, on Boylston Street. St. Francis House, as the new facility was called, allowed friars and lay volunteers to offer sit-down meals. St. Francis House was dedicated in 1984. The center began hiring a professional staff providing clothing, psychological services, and nursing care as well. St. Francis House has since created its own board of directors and is a separate non-profit, but the friars and the Shrine have still remained connected with the people and the work there.
St. Francis House is now the largest day center for homeless in Massachusetts and from their location in the heart of downtown Boston an average of 500 poor and homeless men and women are served every day, 365 days a year. They strive to provide basic, rehabilitative, and housing services that overlap and build on one another to provide guests with continuous and comprehensive care.
See also
List of churches in the Roman Catholic Archdiocese of Boston
References
Franciscan churches in the United States
Roman Catholic shrines
Roman Catholic churches in Boston
20th-century Roman Catholic church buildings in the United States
Roman Catholic churches completed in 1954
Roman Catholic Archdiocese of Boston
Roman Catholic churches completed in 1935 |
45695739 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Africa%20Magic | Africa Magic | Africa Magic is a collection of Pay TV entertainment channels that focus on African programming, most popularly Nigerian series and movies. Africa Magic, which started off as single channel of the same name, is a brand owned by M-Net and now comprises seven channels.
History
Africa Magic was launched in July 2003 as a movie and general entertainment channel geared at showcasing Nollywood talent and African culture and couture. At the time of its launch it received high popularity amongst DStv subscribers, especially in South Africa and Nigeria. Thus the launching of a sister channel, Africa Magic Plus, was made possible. The two channels went on another brand identity
and over the next decade, the brand expanded to include seven more channels comprising movies, television shows and general entertainment. Africa Magic broadcasts in more than 50 African countries. The channels include Africa Magic Family, Africa Magic Showcase, Africa Magic Yoruba, Africa Magic Igbo, Africa Magic Hausa. Africa Magic Epic and Africa Magic Urban. Africa Magic is also responsible for the annual Africa Magic Viewers' Choice Awards (AMVCAs), the biggest celebration of film and television talent in Africa.
Africa Magic's original programmes
Stations
Africa Magic started out as a single Nollywood channel which gained popularity from Multichoice's biggest revenue generators, South Africa and Nigeria, the reason why Africa Magic plus was launched. These were later renamed along with the creation of new channels.
In 2017, Its rerun channel, Africa Magic World was discontinued due to lack of viewership.
Africa Magic Showcase
Previously Africa Magic Plus then Africa Magic Entertainment. The premium tier channel showing first-run original series, reality shows and latest nollywood movie premiers.
Africa Magic Urban
Previously Africa Magic Movies 1. A contemporary lifestyle entertainment channel with predominantly movies and talk shows, as well as series from Mzansi Magic. Dropped the word 'Movies' on March 2015.
Africa Magic Epic
Previously Africa Magic Movies. A channel inspired by Africa's traditional roots with movies and series depicting cultural aspects.
Africa Magic Family
The parent Africa Magic channel serving family-oriented programs.
Regional channels
Launched = 2010
Launched = 2010
Africa Magic Hausa – Movies and series broadcast in Hausa
Africa Magic Yoruba –Movies and series broadcast in Yoruba
Launched:2010
Africa Magic Igbo – Movies and series broadcast in Igbo
Launched:2015
Affiliates
These are channels affiliated to the Africa Magic and share most of the programs, which are independently sourced from their respective regions. Content from these channels are either displayed in their original soundtrack or dubbed in English.
Maisha Magic – Formerly Africa Magic Swahili. A channel catering for the East African diaspora. Has five dedicated entertainment channels, Maisha Magic East, Maisha Magic Plus, Maisha Magic Bongo, Maisha Magic Movies and Maisha Magic POA.
Jango Magic – The West African-inspired channel serving Angola and Mozambique with a Kenyan version of The Voice
Zambezi Magic – Channel catering for Southern African nations such as Zimbabwe and Botswana. It primarily carries original drama series and content from Mzansi Magic.
Pearl Magic – Channel serving the Ugandan diaspora
Mzansi Magic – Channel that broadcasts South African series. Many of their programs are shown on Africa Magic Showcase and Africa Magic Urban. Has sister channels Mzansi Wethu, Mzansi Bioskop and Mzansi Music
Akwaaba Magic - channel serving Ghanaian audiences
Abol TV - channel created for Amharic speaking audiences
Defunct services
Africa Magic World – Channel derived from MagicWorld. Played mostly reruns.Closed 30 April 2017 due to lack of viewership.
Africa Magic Go – Subscription-based Video-on-demand service available to users outside Africa.Closed 30 November 2015.[2]
Africa Magic Viewers' Choice Awards
The Africa Magic Viewers' Choice Awards (AMVCA) is an annual accolade presented by Multichoice recognizing outstanding achievement in television and film. The inaugural Africa Magic Viewers’ Choice Awards ceremony was held in Lagos, Lagos State in Nigeria on 9 March 2013, and was broadcast live in more than 50 countries. Entries into the award ceremony are films and TV series that have been aired in the previous year.
In other uses
Veteran OAP, Olisa Adibua refers to Omotola Jalade Ekeinde as "the real Africa Magic" during the annual AMVCA ceremony.
References
Television stations in South Africa
Television stations in Nigeria
2003 establishments in South Africa
Television channels and stations established in 2003 |
1644483 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ismail%20Gulgee | Ismail Gulgee | Ismail Gulgee (Urdu: ; 25 October 1926 – 16 December 2007), also known simply as Gulgee, was a Pakistani painter.
Born in Peshawar, he received his early education at Lawrence College before attending Aligarh University, Columbia University, and Harvard University for higher education. He started off painting portraits before turning to abstract art, basing his works on Islamic calligraphy. He gained international acclaim, and was commissioned to paint several leaders, including US Presidents Jimmy Carter and George H. W. Bush, the Shah of Iran, King Hussein of Jordan, King Faisal of Saudi Arabia, and Pakistani leaders Zulifqar Ali Bhutto and General Ayub Khan.
On 19 December 2007, he was found murdered at his house with his wife and maid. After a lengthy investigation, his driver and servant were convicted and given life sentences on 23 May 2017.
Early life and education
Gulgee was born on 25 October 1926 at Karimpura locality in Peshawar, Pakistan. For his education, he went to Lawrence College Murree and then to Aligarh University to study civil engineering. Then he went to the United States to continue his higher education. While he was an engineering student at Columbia University, he started to paint. Later, Gulgee also studied at Harvard University.
Painting style
Before 1959, as a portraitist, Gulgee painted the entire Afghan Royal Family. In the early 1960s, he turned to abstract painting. Gulgee was a skilled naturalistic portrait painter who had enjoyed (according to Partha Mitter) "lavish state support" and plenty of elite commissions in this capacity. Nevertheless, he was perhaps best known worldwide for his abstract work, which was inspired by Islamic calligraphy and was also influenced by the "action painting" movement of the 1950s and 1960s. Some people say that Elaine Hamilton was a strong influence on him. In both Islamic calligraphy and action painting, a high value is placed on the unity and energy of gestural flow. Gulgee's canvases were often quite large in the tradition of other action painters or abstract expressionists. Sometimes he used materials such as mirror glass and gold or silver leaf in his oil paintings. Therefore, in fact, they appeared to be mixed media pieces.
According to the Metropolitan Museum of Art (see external links): "Gulgee's calligraphy paintings are abstract and gestural interpretations of Arabic and Urdu letters. His sweeping layers of paint explore the formal qualities of oil paint while they make references to Islamic design elements."
Beginning in the 1960s (if not earlier), Gulgee (along with his younger brother Agha Sadaruddin (a well-known filmmaker and photographer for Time and Life), also created sculptures, including bronze pieces that were (like so many of his paintings) calligraphic in form and inspiration, and sometimes specifically based on verses from the Quran.
His son Amin Gulgee is also a famous artist.
International and special assignments
Guljee received many requests for his paintings internationally, from the Saudi royal family to the Islamabad presidency. Many of his works are placed in the Faisal Mosque in Islamabad.
Painting exhibitions
Gulgee held his first painting exhibition in 1950.
Gulgee's exhibitions have mostly been available to few people. Keeping that in mind and high public demand, an art gallery for Gulgee has been built in Clifton, Karachi, near South City Hospital and Sea View Karachi. Gulgee mostly painted for his own inspiration and vision. Although selected paintings are displayed at Clifton Art Gallery.
Murder
Gulgee, his wife Zarrin Gulgee and a maid were found dead by strangulation in their house on the evening of 19 December 2007 by his servants. Police suspect that all three had been murdered. While the bodies were found on the 19th, officials report that they had apparently been deceased for three days, leading to a speculative death date of 16 December 2007. Their bodies were found bound and gagged in separate rooms of the house. The initial cause of death for all three had been attributed to suffocation. According to press reports, his son reported that Gulgee's car and driver were missing and a foul smell coming from his parents' home. Gulgee was buried on the evening of 20 December 2007 in Karachi.
Meanwhile, Gulgee's driver and another servant were arrested by the police as suspects and tried in court. The court case lingered on for many years. Finally, in May 2017, both of them were convicted and handed down life imprisonment sentences.
Awards and recognition
Pride of Performance Award in 1970 by the President of Pakistan
Sitara-e-Imtiaz (Star of Excellence) Award in 1982 by the Government of Pakistan
Hilal-e-Imtiaz (Crescent of Excellence) Award in 1995 by the President of Pakistan
See also
Islamic calligraphy (primary source of inspiration for Gulgee's abstract works)
Action painting (Gestural abstraction)
Elaine Hamilton (American action painter and colleague who influenced Gulgee, according to Partha Mitter)
Mixed media
Abstract expressionism
Amjad Ali, S. Gulgee, Versatile Artist. Islamabad: Idara Saqafat-e-Pakistan, 1984 OCLC 12811086 (Worldcat link)
Ismaili, Mohammad. Gulgee (Lahore: Ferozsons, 2000)
Mitter, Partha. Indian art (Oxford History of Art) (Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2001) (This book deals with the history of art in the entire South Asian subcontinent, including what are today modern Pakistan and Bangladesh.)
Naqvi, Akbar. Image and Identity: Fifty Years of Painting and Sculpture in Pakistan. (Karachi and New York: Oxford University Press, 1998).
References
External links
Metropolitan Museum of Art (New York): discussion of modern art in Pakistan (including COLOR IMAGE of a 1999 Gulgee work)
Artnet Resource Library biography of Gulgee
1926 births
2007 deaths
2007 murders in Pakistan
Modern painters
Pakistani sculptors
Modern sculptors
Calligraphers of Arabic script
Aligarh Muslim University alumni
Columbia School of Engineering and Applied Science alumni
Harvard University alumni
Recipients of Hilal-i-Imtiaz
Recipients of Sitara-i-Imtiaz
Pakistani Ismailis
Recipients of the Pride of Performance
Pakistani murder victims
People murdered in Karachi
Deaths from asphyxiation
Pashtun people
People from Peshawar
Artists from Karachi
20th-century American sculptors
20th-century American male artists
Muslim artists
American male sculptors
Pakistani civil engineers
Pakistani painters
Lawrence College Ghora Gali alumni
Deaths by strangulation
Pakistani artists |
53055378 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Leighton%20Baker | Leighton Baker | Leighton James Baker is a New Zealand political candidate and businessman. He was leader of the New Conservative Party from 2017 to 2020, and has contested every general election since 2008, initially for the Kiwi Party, without success.
Baker joined the Conservative Party in 2011, shortly after its founding. He led the party through the 2017 and 2020 general elections, in which the party received 0.2% and 1.5% of the party vote. The party replaced him as its leader shortly after the 2020 election, and according to the party he left it around November 2020.
Baker participated in the 2022 Wellington protests, and was arrested on 2 March 2022 on charges of trespassing and obstruction. In June 2023, Baker formed the Leighton Baker Party.
Political career
Baker stood for the Kiwi Party in the 2008 general election, the only election it contested. Like many other Kiwi Party members, he joined the Conservative Party after it was founded in 2011. He stood for it in the 2011 and subsequent elections.
Baker was on the board of the Conservative Party until he resigned from it in March 2015, with then-leader and founder Colin Craig saying that Baker did not want the commitment of board meetings. Craig resigned from the party in June 2015, and all but one of the board members resigned that same month, with the last remaining one resigning in July 2015. By mid-November 2015, Baker had been elected by the party to be the party board chair, though some media reports referred to him as the party spokesman. The board ran the party in place of a single leader from after Craig's resignation until 24 January 2017, when it announced Baker was the new party leader.
2017 general election
When the University of Auckland Debating Society organised a cross-party debate in March 2017, more parties than expected accepted the invitation and the society decided to limit it to parties that had been in Parliament, and they withdrew the invitation to the Conservatives. Baker stated that, despite thinking the move was unfair, he would not follow Colin Craig's footsteps by taking the matter to court.
Baker contested the Epsom electorate in the 2017 New Zealand general election held on 23 September. The Conservatives' share of the party vote fell to 0.2% (6,253) in the election, below the five percent margin needed to enter Parliament. Baker came sixth in the Epsom race with 0.6% of the vote, the seat being won by the incumbent David Seymour, the leader of the ACT Party.
Following the 2017 election, Baker remained leader, with the Conservatives rebranding themselves as the New Conservative Party at their annual general meeting in November 2017.
2020 general election
In early October 2020, Baker unsuccessfully challenged public broadcaster TVNZ's decision to exclude the New Conservatives from the TVNZ Minor Parties' election debate.
Baker contested Waimakariri in the 2020 New Zealand general election held on 17 October, coming third place with 2,057 votes. His party received 1.5% of the party vote. Following the election, the New Conservative party board decided to replace him as leader with his deputy, Elliot Ikilei. Baker told The Spinoff that he was "obviously disappointed," and that he would spend some time considering whether to remain involved with the party. According to the New Conservative Party, Baker had left the party around November 2020 and “currently has no association nor ever likely to be”.
2023 general election
In June 2023, Baker formed a new party named the Leighton Baker Party. The Electoral Commission registered the party on 16 August. Three 1 News polls since the party's registration and the end of September, found support for the Leighton Baker Party to be between zero and 0.1%. Preliminary results from the 2023 election indicate that the Leighton Baker Party received 0.08% of the party vote, and that Baker himself came fourth in the Waimakariri electorate.
Electoral history
Baker has contested electorates seven times, all unsuccessfully. He has also never entered Parliament as a list MP; his best party vote result was in 2020 with the New Conservative Party who received 3.97% of the party vote, short of the 5% threshold.
Political views
Baker, a conservative Christian, is known for his support of family values, and skepticism about the "social experiment" policies of a series of left-of-center governing coalitions. According to Bob McCoskrie of Family First New Zealand, Baker and his party are "opposed to redefining marriage. They're opposed to decriminalisation of abortion, marijuana and euthanasia. They're opposed to the anti-smacking law, gender theory and prostitution. What I can surmise from that is the Conservative Party agrees with everything Family First says."
2022 Wellington protests
Baker and his daughter Chantelle Baker took part in the 2022 Wellington protests against vaccine mandates. A 16 February article noted that he had attended the protest every day. He sometimes acted as a liaison between the police and the protesters. During the protests, his daughter promoted conspiracies online, including that the vaccine could make a person "magnetic", and that fires started by protesters were started by police and by instigators working for the police. He was arrested during the riotous climax of the protest on 2 March, charged with trespassing and obstruction. He was released on bail under the condition that he neither breach nor encourage anyone else to breach COVID-19 health orders.
In late September 2022, the Police withdrew their charges of trespassing and resisting police against Baker. Baker welcomed the Police's decision to drop all charges against him, describing the charge of resisting police as "bizarre."
Personal life and professional career
Baker was born in Lower Hutt in 1966 or 1967. He attended a private school in Auckland and moved to North Canterbury in the early 1990s. He has worked on a stud sheep farm in Dargaville, and as a builder, and now runs a residential and commercial building companies. Baker is the owner of Concise Construction, a Rangiora-based firm that has been involved in reconstruction following the 2011 Christchurch earthquake. Baker and his wife, Sue, and have four grown children.
Baker's daughter Chantelle Baker is a social media influencer who has promoted anti-vaccine, disinformation, and conspiracy theories. She and Baker participated in the 2022 Wellington protest.
References
1960s births
Living people
New Zealand businesspeople
New Zealand Christians
The Kiwi Party politicians
New Conservative Party (New Zealand) politicians
Leaders of political parties in New Zealand
Unsuccessful candidates in the 2008 New Zealand general election
Unsuccessful candidates in the 2011 New Zealand general election
Unsuccessful candidates in the 2014 New Zealand general election
Unsuccessful candidates in the 2017 New Zealand general election
Unsuccessful candidates in the 2020 New Zealand general election
Unsuccessful candidates in the 2023 New Zealand general election |
8664014 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Salepur | Salepur | Salepur is a town in the district of Cuttack. It is situated near the bank of holy river Chitrotpala mother of Ganga, 25 km from the city of Cuttack and 55 km from the state capital Bhubaneswar.
Name's Relevance
The name Salepur is primarily derived from the combination of two words viz. sali (Paddy) and Pur (Place). It is due to the reason that Salepur belt is one of the largest producers of Paddy in the State of Odisha because of its highly fertile soil.
Transport
By Road: Salepur is well connected to all the nearby cities and towns by roads. SH-9A connects it to NH-16 which connects to Kolkata and Chennai. Besides SH-9A also connects to the nearby cities/towns like Cuttack, Kendrapara, Pattamundai, Rajnagar, Aul, and Chandbali.
By Rail: The nearest major railway station at Cuttack is well connected to most of the cities both within and outside the state, which include New Delhi, Calcutta, Madras, Bhubaneswar, Puri, Vizag, Hyderabad, Agra, Guwahati, and Bangalore.
By Air: The nearest airport at Bhubaneswar (1 hour drive) is one of the major international airports in eastern India and is well connected to all the major cities in the Country.
Major Highway: 9A (Cuttack - Salepur - Kendrapara - Pattamundai - Chandabali)
Major Railway Station: Cuttack (25 km)
Nearest Airport: Biju Patnaik Airport (60 km)
Nearby Cities/Towns: Cuttack (25 km W), Chhatia (20 km N), Kendrapara (30 km E)
Cuisine
The cuisine is specific Oriya food. But this place has the recognition in the field of sweets which are widely prepared and mouth watering delicious.
Rasagolla made by Bikalananda Kar is one of the prime attractions here and also Odisha famous. Canned rasagollas from Salepur are exported to different parts of Odisha, India and abroad. Other Oriya confections, such as Chhena Poda, and Rasaballi are sold here.
Places of interest
Temples: Kulia Hanuman Temple, Kalagni Temple, Saheshwari Temple, Sidheswar Temple, Bateshwara Temple, Biseswara Temple, Gangeswar Shiv temple, Garuda Temple, Jadedeswar temple near badapokari Talapada, Chateswar Temple at Krishna Pur, Sani Temple at Janardanpur & Ananteswar Temple at Lendura Bhagabanpur, Gangeswar Mahadev (Shiv Temple )
Masjids: Madarsa Jamiya Islamia Markazul Uloom (Sungra), Jama Masjid(Guhalipur), Jama Masjid(Daryapur), Jama Masjid (Simalpada), Jama Masjid (Rodhpur, Salipur), Jama Masjid (Barigol), Jama Masjid (Salarjung), Jama Masjid(kusambi),Jama Masjid(Rasulpur),Jama Masjid(Saipada),Jama Masjid(Sankarpur)
Scenic beauty: Chitrotpala river bank, Kadamkanta jungle.
Asia's second largest and India's largest siphon-cum-bridge is in Salipur.
Fairs and festivals: Munsi Melana (Dola Jatra), Eid-Ul-Fitre & Eid-Ul-Zuha(Sungra Eidgah)
Utkal Mahotsava(Salipur High School Ground), Car festival at Saheshwari Temple, Dusserah, Lakshmi Puja (Manabasa Gurubara) and Kaali Puja, Deepavali, Raja Parba, Saraswati Puja, Ganesh Puja, Pana Jatra/Patua Jatra at Gangeswar Temple near Raisungura.
Education
Salepur Autonomous College, Institute of Pharmacy & Technology, a pharmacy college of Odisha
Salipur High School, Salipur {Estd. 1934}
Ekram Rasul High School, Sungra, , Salepur Girl's High School, Sarswati Sishu Bidya Mandir, Salipur English medium school, Salipur Public School, Freedom International School, st. Xavier, etc.
Nabapravat ITC Salepur, Nabapravat school of Nursing & Nabapravat academy for management education,kashipur,kulia,salepur.
Salepur Autonomous College, Institute of Pharmacy & Technology, a pharmacy college of Odisha
Technical institute in sweets (ITI in sweets) and other ITI centers
Jamia Markazul Uloom Sungra, Jamia Rashidiya Riyaz ul uloom,Sungrah, (Muslim University), Madrasa Khadijatul Qubra(Girls Madrasa)
Notable people born in Salepur
Madhusudan Das
Surendra Mohanty
Politics
Current MLA from Salepur (GE) Assembly Constituency is Prasanta Behera (Kunia Bhai) of (BJD). Prakash Behera was the former MLA of Salipur Constituency from 2014-2019 from Indian National Congress(INC). Prior to him Chandra Sarathi Behera was MLA. CS Behera succeeded his father Kalindi Charan Behera. KC Behera held many Cabinet Rank Ministry too. Both Father Son duo from BJD. Before KC Behera Mr Rabi Behera was MLA ( INC) Who was also Son of Mr. Baidhar Behera, Congress ( was also MLA & MP). In 2019 he changed his party and joined to Bharatiya Janata Party after serving 20 years for INC. Mayadhar Sethi of Congress was also MLA. Salepur Has a Block with a Chairman (SC Reserve) Under Salepur Tehsil.It cleared on 23 May 2019 that Sri. Prasant Behera became the MLA of Salipur.
References
Cuttack
Cities and towns in Cuttack district |
21250216 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Derek%20Ingram | Derek Ingram | Derek Thynne Ingram (20 June 1925 – 17 June 2018) was a distinguished journalist and passionate supporter of the Commonwealth. In the 1960s he gave up a successful career as a newspaper editor to start a news service that would reflect the views of people in newly independent African countries and elsewhere in the developing world. He was on first name terms with leaders such as Indira Gandhi and Kenneth Kaunda, and was known to many as “Mr Commonwealth”.
Biography
The only child of a middle-class family, brought up in North London, Ingram was successful immediately after leaving Highgate School at the age of 16 during WW2. He was earning six guineas a week as a sub-editor on the Daily Sketch at the age of 17. He served as a signalman in the Navy, stationed until 1946 in Rome. After being demobbed, he joined the Daily Express, but in 1949 jumped ship to the Daily Mail, where he rose to deputy editor. He might have become editor, but his liberal politics and ferocious opposition to apartheid and racism in any form put him at odds with the paper's proprietor, Viscount Rothermere. Ingram resigned in 1966, but not before making his views known in Partners in Adventure, one of five books he authored. "Two problems above all torture our minds in this second half of the 20th century," he wrote. "The first is the atomic threat to our civilisation; the second the relationship between the black man and the white. The greatest single factor about the Commonwealth idea is that it transcends all racial barriers."
For Ingram, such views were not just theory. In 1967, he founded Gemini News Service, a syndication service that provided an alternative to wire services like Reuters by providing a platform for young journalists from the developing world. Gemini writers included a young Trevor McDonald in Trinidad who would go on to gain fame as a newsreader in the UK. A package of six articles, covering everything from politics to healthcare, education and art, copied on a Gestetner machine, was sent out by mail twice a week, Ingram himself stuffing the envelopes alongside a small, overworked staff. Because of Gemini, newspaper readers in Malaysia, for example, could read articles by journalists from Kenya and vice versa. Gemini pioneered the use of graphics and explanatory maps, which later became standard in newspapers. For many young reporters it was an opportunity to be published that they could get nowhere else, and Ingram would champion young reporters, especially those who came from Commonwealth countries where journalism was in its infancy. Ingram's legacy includes the CJA/Derek Ingram Fellowship, a fund administered as part of Wolfson College's Press Fellowship Programme In Cambridge UK, to support the personal and professional development of early career journalists focused on the Commonwealth.
While running Gemini, Ingram continued to report on the Commonwealth, covering 20 CHOGMs – Commonwealth Heads of Government Meetings – stopping only when ill health intervened in his late 1980s. He was amongst the last foreign correspondents to interview the Indian Prime Minister, Jawaharlal Nehru, before his death. He never name-dropped, but other journalists envied his access to post- Independence African leaders such as Julius Nyerere and Kenneth Kaunda, who would listen to Ingram's views on Commonwealth issues, knowing that he understood the politics better than almost anyone else. He also got to know Thabo Mbeki and other politicians who would go on to govern post-apartheid South Africa.
In 1978 Ingram co-founded the Commonwealth Journalists' Association, of which he remained President Emeritus after his retirement in 1990 until his death. He was a long-serving trustee on the board of the Commonwealth Institute in London. He received recognition from several Commonwealth bodies and in the 1998 Birthday Honours he was awarded an OBE in the Diplomatic List for services to Commonwealth journalism.
Ingram was a member of the Round Table Moot, having first attended a meeting of the Moot in 1971. Until 2007 he wrote the "Commonwealth Update" in The Round Table Journal. He wrote extensively in the journal, including its coverage of Commonwealth Heads of Government Meetings, having attended every one since 1971. He was a Vice-President of the Royal Commonwealth Society. Ingram never married, nor had children, though he relished strong friendships across generations from around the world. He loved theatre, music and art and collected anything notable that was printed or published from postage stamps to newspapers, magazines, books and theatre programmes. Cultured, he boasted nonetheless that he had never been in control of a wheel in his life. He neither drove a car nor rode a bicycle. For decades he would always walk from his house in a quiet mews in Marylebone to his office and to meetings all over central London, and at a cracking pace. Right up until the last few months of his life, he would read the newspapers every morning and watch Channel 4 News at 7pm, proud to see one his Gemini proteges, Lindsey Hilsum, reporting from around the world.
"Eventually the peoples of the world must be colour-blind," he wrote in 1965. "The Commonwealth is there as an instrument to this end, and all of us must try to use it." While others denigrated it as a diplomatic talking shop, or an association of rogues, Ingram, like Queen Elizabeth II, believed in the Commonwealth as a force for good.
He died on 17 June 2018 at the age of 92.
References
Further reading
External links
Derek Ingram's personal archives are held at the University of London]
Derek Ingram's Gemini News Service archive is held at the Guardian Newspaper
Ingram's school records and war service archive is at the Highgate School Museum
Eulogies to Derek Ingram at his thanksgiving/memorial service at St Bride's in Fleet Street
1925 births
2018 deaths
Journalists from London
British male journalists
Daily Mail journalists
Commonwealth of Nations experts
People educated at Highgate School
Officers of the Order of the British Empire |
14621054 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1998%20Sydney%20water%20crisis | 1998 Sydney water crisis | The 1998 Sydney water crisis involved the suspected contamination of the water supply system of Greater Metropolitan Sydney by the microscopic pathogens Cryptosporidium and Giardia between July and September 1998.
Following routine water sampling and testing, over a series of weeks low level contaminants were found at Prospect, , Sydney Hospital, the NSW Art Gallery, Macquarie Street, Centennial Park, , , , and water treatment facilities at Warragamba, Nepean, , , Woronora, Macarthur, the Illawarra and Prospect. The reliability of these test results was subsequently called into doubt. Precautionary "boil water" alerts were raised covering several suburban areas for the period of the crisis.
In response to the crisis, the Government of New South Wales established a Commission of Inquiry, chaired by jurist Peter McClellan as Commissioner. McClennan handed down his final report to the NSW Premier making ninety-one recommendations that led to the reorganisation of water supply and water management functions and agencies in Greater Metropolitan Sydney via the establishment of the Sydney Catchment Authority with responsibility for catchments, dams, and bulk supply reservoirs; while Sydney Water maintained management of water supply distribution, water treatment and sewerage, and stormwater management. Both the Chairman and Managing Director of Sydney Water stood down during and following the crisis.
Background
Sydney's water supply network
, Sydney Water supplied approximately of water each day to more than 3.8 million people in the Sydney, Blue Mountains, and Illawarra regions. A network of nine major dams plus several minor storage reservoirs was used to collect and store water, which in turn was delivered to a network of over of water mains, 165 pumping stations, and 261 service reservoirs. The water supply was drawn from catchments on four main river systems the Upper Nepean, the Warragamba, the Shoalhaven and the Woronora with minor supplies drawn from the Hawkesbury River, and tributaries of the Grose, Fish and Duckmaloi rivers.
Since late 1996 all of Sydney's water supply has been filtered. Eleven water treatment plants are used to filter drinking water supplied to Sydney, Illawarra and the Blue Mountains. Seven of these facilities are owned and operated by Sydney Water. These are located at Orchard Hills, Cascade, North Richmond, Nepean, Warragamba, and Greaves Creek. The remaining four privately owned and operated plants at Prospect, Macarthur, Illawarra and Woronora provide filtered water under contract to Sydney Water. These four plants provide more than 90% of Sydney's drinking water. Up to 80% is supplied through the Prospect plant alone. The water is distributed from Prospect to Pipe Head by tunnels and mains, with some areas supplied directly from these mains. From Pipe Head, water for the inner city, suburbs south of Sydney Harbour and inner western suburbs is carried by tunnel and mains to two large service reservoirs at Potts Hill and then by two tunnels (the Pressure Tunnel and City Tunnel) which terminate at and Dowling Street pumping stations. Two pumping stations one at Prospect and one at supply water for the northern suburbs and the northern beaches. The water for Ryde is supplied from Pipe Head.
Timeline of event
Low levels of Cryptosporidium and Giardia were first detected in the water supply on 21 July. The levels were within acceptable health limits. In days following, much higher levels were recorded, and on 27 July, the first "boil water" alert (in which residents were instructed to boil their tap water before use) was declared for the eastern Sydney central business district. On 29 July, a "boil water" alert was issued for the south of Sydney Harbour and on 30 July a Sydney-wide "boil water" alert was issued.
The Sydney Water Corporation announced the water safe to drink again on 4 August.
The contamination was caused by low-quality raw water entering the dam. This was attributed to moderate rainfall in July, followed by heavy rainfall in August and September (after decreasing storage levels since mid-July 1997) which caused pulses of the raw water to enter the dam.
The incident was highly publicised and caused major public alarm. Three successive "boil water" notices in which residents were instructed to boil their tap water before use affected up to three million residents.
The lack of cases of cryptosporidiosis, giardiasis, or any other health problem which might be attributed to tainted water led to suggestions the microbes were either not an infectious type, or not as prevalent as measured. An inquiry after the event revealed the publicity as an exaggeration of fact, with Australian Water Technologies, part of Sydney Water, severely overestimating the levels of parasites present in the water, with the recorded levels exposed as not harmful to human health. The handling of the crisis by Sydney Water, a state-government owned corporation since 1995, was heavily criticised, causing the resignation of both the chairman and the managing director. The incident also brought up issues of private vs. public ownership and scientific uncertainty.
Outcomes
The Premier, Bob Carr, established the Sydney Water Inquiry and appointed Sydney jurist Peter McClellan as Commissioner. McClellan delivered a series of interim reports to the Premier, which were tabled in Parliament. The final report was delivered in December 1998 and detailed 91 recommendations for action by Sydney Water, NSW Health and other state and federal government agencies, including the National Health and Medical Research Commission.
The Chairman of Sydney Water, David Hill resigned ten days after the final crisis event, denied any responsibility, and claimed he was leaving only to concentrate on his political career.
The Sydney Catchment Authority was created in 1999 as result of the crisis, assuming control of Sydney's catchments and dams, while Sydney Water maintained responsibility for water treatment and distribution and for sewage collection, treatment and disposal.
References
Cited
General
Hrudey, Elizabeth J. (2004). Safe Drinking Water: Lessons from Recent Outbreaks in Affluent Nations. IWA Publishing, 351–356.
Further reading
1998 health disasters
1998 disasters in Australia
1990s in Sydney
Environmental issues with water
Health disasters in Australia
Water supply and sanitation in Australia
Sydney Water |
1596824 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gordon%20A.%20Craig | Gordon A. Craig | Gordon Alexander Craig (November 13, 1913 – October 30, 2005) was a Scottish-American liberal historian of German history and of diplomatic history.
Early life
Craig was born in Glasgow. In 1925 he emigrated with his family to Toronto, Ontario, Canada, and then to Jersey City, New Jersey. Initially interested in studying the law, he switched to history after hearing the historian Walter "Buzzer" Hall lecture at Princeton University. In 1935, Craig visited and lived for several months in Germany, to research a thesis he was writing on the downfall of the Weimar Republic. This trip marked the beginning of lifelong interest with all things German. Craig did not enjoy the atmosphere of Nazi Germany, and throughout his life, he sought to find the answer to the question of how a people who, in his opinion, had made a disproportionately large contribution to Western civilization, allowed themselves to become entangled in what Craig saw as the corrupting embrace of Nazism.
Of Adolf Hitler, Craig once wrote,
Adolf Hitler was sui generis, a force without a real historical past ... dedicated to the acquisition of power for his own gratification and to the destruction of a people whose existence was an offense to him and whose annihilation would be his crowning triumph. Both the grandiose barbarism of his political vision and the moral emptiness of his character make it impossible to compare him in any meaningful way with any other German leader. He stands alone.
Education and career
Craig graduated in history from Princeton University, was a Rhodes Scholar at Balliol College, Oxford, from 1936 to 1938, and served in the U.S. Marine Corps as a captain and in the Office of Strategic Services during World War II. In 1941, he co-edited with Edward Mead Earle and Felix Gilbert, on behalf of the American War Department, the book Makers of Modern Strategy: Military Thought From Machiavelli to Hitler, which was intended to serve as a guide to strategic thinking for military leaders during the war.
After 1945, Craig worked as a consultant to the U.S. Arms Control and Disarmament Agency, the State Department, the U.S. Air Force Academy and the Historical Division of the U.S. Marine Corps. He was a professor at Princeton University from 1950 to 1961 and at Stanford University from 1961 to 1979. In 1956–1957, he taught at the Center for Advanced Study in the Behavioral Sciences. In addition, he often held visiting professorships at the Free University of Berlin. In 1967, Craig was the only professor there to sign a petition asking for an investigation into charges of police brutality towards protesting students. Craig was chair of the history department at Stanford in 1972–1975 and 1978–1979. Between 1975 and 1985, he served as the vice-president of the Comité International des Sciences Historiques. In 1979, he became an emeritus professor and was awarded the title J. E. Wallace Sterling Professor of Humanities.
During his time at Stanford, Craig was considered to be a popular and innovative teacher who improved both undergraduate and graduate teaching, while remaining well liked by the students. After his retirement, he worked as a book reviewer for the New York Review of Books. Some of his reviews attracted controversy, most notably in April 1996, when he praised Daniel Goldhagen's book Hitler's Willing Executioners and later in September of the same year when he argued that David Irving's work was valuable because of what Craig saw as Irving's devil's advocate role. Craig argued that Irving was usually wrong, but that by promoting what Craig saw as a twisted and wrongheaded view of history with a great deal of élan, Irving forced other historians to fruitfully examine their beliefs about what is known about the Third Reich.
Craig was formerly President of the American Historical Association. He was also a member of the American Academy of Arts and Sciences and the American Philosophical Society. In 1953, together with his friend Felix Gilbert, he edited a prosopography of inter-war diplomats entitled The Diplomats, an important source for diplomatic history in the interwar period. He followed this book with studies on the Prussian Army, the Battle of Königgrätz and many aspects of European and German history. Craig was particularly noted for his contribution to the Oxford History of Modern Europe series entitled Germany, 1866–1945 and its companion volume, The Germans. The latter was a wide-ranging cultural history that explored aspects of being German, such as attitudes towards German-Jewish relations, money, students, women, and democracy, amongst others. The book was a best-seller in both the United States and Germany and Craig was awarded the Pour le Mérite medal for this book. Increasingly interested in cultural history in his later years, Craig subsequently wrote studies of several German writers, most notably Theodor Fontane. During this time, he also emerged as a celebrity in the German-speaking world, frequently appearing as a guest on German television talk shows. By his later years, Craig was widely regarded as the doyen of American historians of Germany, and his opinions carried much weight.
Craig died in 2005, and was survived by his widow Phyllis, four children and eight grandchildren.
Personal views
Craig saw modern German history as a struggle between the positive, as exemplified by the values of humanist intellectuals, and negative forces in German life, as exemplified by Nazism. In a broader sense, he viewed this conflict as between enlightened spirit and authoritarian power. He was highly critical of those who saw Nazism as the culmination of German national character, while at the same time criticizing those who argued that Nazi Germany was just a Betriebsunfall (industrial accident) of history. Craig felt that the particular way Otto von Bismarck created the German Empire in 1871 was a tragedy, as it entrenched the forces of authoritarianism in German life. Similarly, Craig viewed the autonomous role of the German Army as a "State-within-the-State" as highly adverse to the development of democracy.
Craig considered history not to be a social science, but rather a "human discipline". He censured those historians who saw their work as social science and frequently called for historians to return to the methods of former times by seeking to "interconnect" history and literature. Craig was noted for his sparse, highly elegant literary style, together with a tendency to keep an ironic distance from his subjects. He was very fond of German literature, and praised the novels of Theodor Fontane as the best portrayal of 19th century Germany, which he considered superior to many works produced by historians. Craig's last project, incomplete at the time of his death, was a survey of novels set in Berlin – Craig's favorite city – in the 20th century.
Works
(published in revised edition, 1967)
(published in revised edition, 1964)
(published in revised edition, 1975)
(a volume in the Oxford History of Modern Europe series)
(New York: Free Press. pp. 21–42
References
External links
Stanford Report, November 4, 2005
Notice of death
Guardian obituary
Research resources
Gordon Alexander Craig Papers, 1934–1992 (20 linear ft.) are housed in the Department of Special Collections and University Archives at Stanford University Libraries
1913 births
2005 deaths
20th-century American historians
20th-century American male writers
American Rhodes Scholars
American male non-fiction writers
American military historians
Commanders Crosses of the Order of Merit of the Federal Republic of Germany
Historians of Nazism
Writers from Glasgow
Presidents of the American Historical Association
Princeton University alumni
Princeton University faculty
Recipients of the Pour le Mérite (civil class)
British emigrants to the United States
Stanford University Department of History faculty
Corresponding Fellows of the British Academy
American people of Scottish descent
Members of the American Philosophical Society |
8081565 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Logan%20Elm%20High%20School | Logan Elm High School | Logan Elm High School is a public school located near Circleville, Ohio, United States, near the site of the Logan Elm. It serves the Logan Elm School District, which straddles Pickaway and Hocking counties.
History
In 1957, the Pickaway, Washington, and Saltcreek school districts combined to form the Logan Elm School District. Logan Elm High School was built to serve the new district in 1960. It was named after the nearby Elm tree under which Chief Logan delivered a famous speech from in 1774. The first graduation to occur at Logan Elm High School was that of the Class of 1961. In 1972 the Laurelville School District of Hocking County joined the Logan Elm School District, creating the present boundaries of the district. In 2018, voters in the Logan Elm School District passed levies which would pave the way to build a new PK-12 school. Construction on the new building began in 2019, west of the former High School and Middle School buildings. And in August of 2023, The Logan Elm PK-12 Building opened its doors to students, beginning a new chapter of the rich history of Logan Elm.
The school's namesake tree was a large elm tree that by 1940 had a height of , despite sustaining damage as a result of rough weather. The trunk had a diameter of , and the branches spread out for more than . The tree died in 1964, though by this time it had assumed a place as a local legend. Logan Elm High School has in its possession a section of a limb donated by the class of 1965. In 1976 Robert Ely donated to the school a tomahawk which he had made out the wood of the tree. This gift was presented in exchange from a donation of $672 to the Easter Seals.
The Logan Elm music department has also experienced success.
Their Advanced Choir performs in class B and, in 2008 and 2009 received a score of I, meaning "Superior." The Women of the Advanced Choir received a I Superior rating in class C in 2009 as well. The choir travels and performs in New York City every other year.
The Logan Elm Marching band of Pride has received near-consistent Superior ratings at OMEA State Finals competition over the past few decades. This past year, the band received a Superior rating at OMEA State Finals in 2022 for their show “We Are Young”.
The Band of Pride has also made frequent trips to the Walt Disney World Resort, as well as BOA Grand Nationals.
The Concert Band also makes consistent State Finals appearances and Superior performances.
Standardized testing results
Logan Elm High School received a Performance Index Score of 98 for the 2004–2005 school year. 90% of sophomores passed the Reading section of the Ohio Graduation Test (OGT), 83% passed the Writing section, and 82% passed the Math section.
The results of the OGT for the 2006–2007 school year earned Logan Elm High School a designation as "Excellent." Logan Elm met 12 of the 12 indicators, received a Performance Index Score of 98.7 out of 120, and met the Adequate Yearly Progress assigned.
School profile
The school is accredited by the Ohio Department of Education and the North Central Association of Colleges and Schools.
Logan Elm High School is named in honor of an American elm tree that was made famous when the Mingo Indian Chief, Logan, delivered a classic oration under its branches in 1774.
The staff is composed of 41 teachers, two counselors, three secretaries, two monitors, three custodians, one librarian, an athletic director, an assistant principal and a principal. The average number of years teaching experience is 14.1. Fifty-seven percent have a master's degree.
The on-campus teacher-student ratio for 2006–2007 was 21.4 to one; the counselor-student ratio was 360 to one.
There are 15 departments offering 125 different courses over 240 teaching periods. Classes are arranged on a block schedule. The majority of classes meet for a 43-minute traditional session. The remainder employ a 90-minute block per semester. A combined venture with the Pickaway - Ross Career & Technical Center provides one tech prep program. Students attending the JVS may choose from 20 specialty areas.
Students must earn 23 credits to graduate. Subject area requirements include four English, three Social Studies, three Math, three Science, and a half credit of Health/Physical Education.
The library contains 9,650 items, of which 4,069 are nonfiction, 366 are biographical, 2,756 are fiction, 688 are reference and 370 are nonprint media.
Attendance averaged over 269 per day.
Total expenditures for 2006–2007 were $7,335.22.
The current student body consists of 760 students. Of this group 72 attend the Pickaway-Ross Career & Technical Center.
The Class of 2007 had 174 graduates. Their plans after graduation were:
Associate degree institutions – 39
Bachelor's degree institutions – 49
Certificate/license institutions – 8
Military – 10
Employment – 24
Other or unknown – 18
ACT results
90 students tested (state and national averages in parentheses)
English 19.8 (20.7) (20.4)
Mathematics 21.1 (21.2) (20.7)
Composite 21.0 (21.4) (20.9)
External links and references
District website
Official school website
Official school sports website
Footnotes
High schools in Pickaway County, Ohio
Public high schools in Ohio |
163339 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Maceo%20Parker | Maceo Parker | Maceo Parker (; born February 14, 1943) is an American funk and soul jazz saxophonist, best known for his work with James Brown in the 1960s, Parliament-Funkadelic in the 1970s and Prince in the 2000s. Parker was a prominent soloist on many of Brown's hit recordings, and a key part of his band, playing alto, tenor and baritone saxophones. Since the early 1990s, he has toured under his own name.
Biography
Parker was born in Kinston, North Carolina, United States. Parker's father played piano and drums in addition to singing in church with Parker's mother; his brother Melvin played drums and his brother Kellis played the trombone. Parker and his brother Melvin joined James Brown in 1964; in his autobiography, Brown claims that he originally wanted Melvin as his drummer, but agreed to additionally take Maceo under his wing as part of the deal. In March 1970, Parker, his brother Melvin, and a few of Brown's band members left to establish the band Maceo & All the King's Men, which toured for two years.
In January 1973, Parker rejoined James Brown's group. He also charted a single "Parrty – Part I" (No. 71 pop singles) with Maceo & the Macks that year. In 1975, Parker and some of Brown's band members, including Fred Wesley, left to join George Clinton's band Parliament-Funkadelic. Parker once again re-joined James Brown from 1984 to 1988.
In the 1990s, Parker began a solo career. His first album of this period Roots Revisited spent 10 weeks at the top of the Billboard Contemporary Jazz Charts. To date he has released 11 solo albums since 1990. His band has been billed as "the greatest little funk orchestra on earth" and the "million-dollar support band". Parker's 1992 live album, Life on Planet Groove, is considered to be his seminal live album, marking his first collaboration with Dutch saxophonist Candy Dulfer.
In 1993, Parker made guest appearances on hip hop group De La Soul's album Buhloone Mindstate. In the late 1990s, Parker began contributing semi-regularly to recordings by Prince and accompanying his band, The New Power Generation, on tour. He also played on the Jane's Addiction track "My Cat's Name Is Maceo" for their 1997 compilation album Kettle Whistle. In 1998, Parker performed as a guest on "What Would You Say" on a Dave Matthews Band concert, which also became one of their live albums, Live in Chicago 12.19.98.
In 2004, Parker toured as a part of Prince's band for the "Musicology Live 2004ever" tour and again in 2007 he performed as part of Prince's band for Prince's 21 nights at the O2 arena. Parker also played as part of Prince's band for his 21-night stay at LA's Forum in 2011.
In 2008, Maceo Parker closed the Edmonton International Jazz Festival at Urban Lounge.
Parker's album Roots & Grooves with the WDR Big Band is a tribute to Ray Charles, whom Parker cites as one of his most important influences. The album won a Jammie for best Jazz Album in 2009. Parker followed this up with another collaboration with WDR Big Band in 2012 with the album Soul Classics.
In October 2011, Parker was inducted in the North Carolina Music Hall of Fame.
In July 2012, Parker was the recipient of a Lifetime Achievement Award from Victoires Du Jazz in Paris. He continues touring, headlining many jazz festivals in Europe and doing as many as 290 concerts a year.
In May 2016, Parker received The North Carolina Heritage Award from his home state.
Book and media
In February 2013, Maceo Parker published his autobiography, 98% Funky Stuff: My Life in Music with the publisher Chicago Review Press. Parker was portrayed by Craig Robinson in the 2014 James Brown biopic Get on Up.
Equipment
Maceo plays a gold-plated Selmer Mark VI alto saxophone and the mouthpiece he uses is a #3 Brilhart Ebolin. Maceo's reed of choice is the Vandoren Java, 3.5 gauge.
Discography
As bandleader
As sideman
Filmography
References
External links
Maceo Parker official website
1943 births
Living people
People from Kinston, North Carolina
Soul-jazz musicians
African-American saxophonists
American funk saxophonists
American male saxophonists
American jazz saxophonists
American bandleaders
James Brown Orchestra members
The J.B.'s members
P-Funk members
New Power Generation members
Heads Up International artists
21st-century American saxophonists
Jazz musicians from North Carolina
American male jazz musicians
Verve Records artists
Jive Records artists
P-Vine Records artists |
2668971 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gene%20Kelton | Gene Kelton | Gene Kelton (April 10, 1953 – December 28, 2010) was an American guitarist, harmonica player and singer-songwriter, based in Houston, Texas. He played Americana, blues-rock, Southern rock, and rockabilly music.
Blues roots
Born Sidney Eugene Kelton, in Booneville, Mississippi, United States, his mother sang gospel music on the radio. She divorced his ne'er-do-well father when he was six. Afterward, they lived with his grandfather, a cotton plantation sharecropper. On weekends, he listened to down-home blues in a dirt-floored juke joint. His step father, Bob Allbritton, who played rock and roll guitar then in a manner, as it can be said that Conway Twitty, sang country songs, exposed Kelton to all types of music. His mother bought him a Sears Silvertone guitar at the age of ten, and they moved to Texas where he formed his first band, The Moven Shadows. Following a serious motorcycle accident, he played with several cover bands until "giving up" music after his first marriage. It took years of moving through various jobs, getting back into music after a divorce, and trying for a few years to get together a band, going through what he called "the worst of the worst" musicians, before he finally formed The Gene Kelton Band with bass player A. J. Fee and drummer Russel Shelby, around the time of a national blues revival sparked by Stevie Ray Vaughan. Kelton has been a full-time musician since 1983, when he began playing for tips in bars after losing his DJ job while newlywed in his second marriage and, in desperate straits, trying to support his unemployed bride and two sons from his previous marriage. While publishing Texas Blues magazine in the early 1990s, he lost everything but the rights to his songs in his second divorce. The band went through another name, The Love Buzzards, before fans called them "die hards" for playing long sessions in the hot sun suggesting their final revision. Finally, a demo tape played on KPFT helped Kelton raise enough money to release his first album. Another musician saying, "Gene you play a really mean guitar," led to his nickname and the title of the group's second album.
Die Hard career
In 1992, he named his current band The Die Hards, under which name they have been playing ever since. At the time of his death, Kelton was playing with drummer Ted McCumber and bass guitarist Ed Starkey (who has played with such names as the Dottie West Band).
In December 1999, he released his first blues CD (Jambone Records), Most Requested. The album was quickly picked up by several Houston Radio stations, occupying the No. 1 call-in request on some of these stations. In addition to radio coverage, which garnered him mainly local attention, his popularity spread online through such sites as mp3.com where various songs from Most Requested remained at the top 10 for two years. Kelton's making his music available for download on the internet has resulted in a listener base spanning the globe with over 150 radio stations around the world carrying his music and an average of over 150,000 hits per month on his website.
In 2003, he released his second blues CD Mean Guitar.
In 2007, Kelton released Going Back To Memphis: A Biker Band Tribute To Elvis, a tribute to the Elvis Presley, recorded in Sun Studios.
Style
Kelton's songs are most notable for powerful guitar and lyrics that range from emotional to raunchy. His raunchier songs often use innuendo, with lyrics that taken literally are perfectly benign. Such songs include: "The Avon Man", "Let Me Pump Your Gas", and "Two Thangs". Others are a little more overt in their sexuality, such as "The Texas City Dyke", "My Blow Up Lover", and, his most well-known tune, "My Baby Don't Wear No Panties", which Kelton began improvising to the tune of "Mean Mistreater" in 1988 when, after a drunken girl jumped up on a bar table, ripped off her shirt and began dancing, a guy yelled out, "That ain't nothing, my baby don't wear no panties." Eventually it evolved into the current audience participation version with fans shouting, "How do you know?" after each chorus. Discovering how audiences respond to songs with sexual innuendos, Kelton really caught their attention by beginning "The Texas City Dyke", "She's got tattoos on her titties." Gradually he developed this into his song by using all the jokes he had heard about this landmark fishing dike.
Some of his songs have a more pained or melancholy feeling to them. Examples are the nostalgic songs "Cruisin' Texas Avenue" and "Leaving Paradise". Another common theme in several of his songs is the power of the blues. Songs like "Sweet Mother Blues" and "If Everybody Loved The Blues", extol blues music as having remarkable properties, like being able to end war and having "almighty healin' powers".
Self-described as a performing "black leather blues and redneck rock 'n roll," Mean Gene Kelton & The Die Hards have been called by ReverbNation "one of the top Biker Rally and Blues Festival headliner acts."
Death
Kelton was killed on December 28, 2010, when his SUV collided head-on with a school bus in Crosby, Texas, three days before he was due to perform on New Year's Eve at Rowdy Buck's in Crosby, Texas.
Discography
Most Requested (1999)
Mean Guitar (2003)
Going Back To Memphis: A Biker Band Tribute To Elvis (2007)
The Lost Sessions – unpublished but available at shows
Filmography
The Passage (2011)
References
External links
Listen to over a dozen of Mean Gene Kelton & The Die Hards songs
Listen to over twenty of Mean Gene Kelton & The Die Hards songs
Gene Kelton's co-starring role in Marfa Red
Crosby: Fans remember blues guitarist killed in crash
1953 births
2010 deaths
American country singer-songwriters
American rockabilly musicians
American harmonica players
Blues rock musicians
People from Booneville, Mississippi
Singer-songwriters from Mississippi
Road incident deaths in Texas
Accidental deaths in Texas
Singers from Houston
Singer-songwriters from Texas
Country musicians from Texas
Country musicians from Mississippi |
77663 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Madame%20Curie%20%28film%29 | Madame Curie (film) | Madame Curie is a 1943 American biographical film made by Metro-Goldwyn-Mayer. The film was directed by Mervyn LeRoy and produced by Sidney Franklin from a screenplay by Paul Osborn, Paul H. Rameau, and Aldous Huxley (uncredited), adapted from the biography by Ève Curie. It stars Greer Garson, Walter Pidgeon, with supporting performances by Robert Walker, Henry Travers, and Albert Bassermann.
The film tells the story of Polish-French physicist Marie Curie in 1890s Paris as she begins to share a laboratory with her future husband, Pierre Curie.
This was the fourth of nine onscreen pairings between Pidgeon and Garson.
In several versions, much of the scientific aspects of the film were cut down or edited out entirely. Turner Classic Movies has shown it unedited at 124 minutes.
Plot
Marie Skłodowska is a poor, idealistic student living in Paris and studying at the Sorbonne. She neglects her health and one day faints during class. Her tutor, Prof. Perot is sympathetic and, finding that she has no friends or family in Paris, invites her to a soirée his wife is throwing for a "few friends" (primarily professors and their wives). Among the many guests is physicist Pierre Curie, an extremely shy and absentminded man completely devoted to his work. He allows Marie to share his lab and finds that she is a gifted scientist. Appalled that she plans on returning to Poland to teach after graduation, rather than devoting her life to further study, he takes her to visit his family in their country home. Marie and Pierre both tend to concentrate on science to the extent that they don't realize until the last minute they have fallen in love. Even when Pierre asks Marie to be his wife, he does so in terms of reason, logic and chemistry.
Fascinated by a demonstration she saw as an undergraduate, of a pitchblende rock that seems to generate enough energy to take small photographs, Marie decides to make the rock's energy the subject of her doctoral study. The measurements she takes don't seem to add up, and she decides there must be a third radioactive element in the rock in addition to the two she knows are in it. In the midst of discussing this, she discloses offhandedly to Pierre's family that she is pregnant.
The physics department at the Sorbonne refuses to fund their research without more proof of the element's existence, but allows them to use a dilapidated old shed across the courtyard from the physics building. In spite of its disadvantages, they import eight tons of pitchblende ore and cook it down to look for the element they call radium. In spite of inability to separate out pure radium, they know something is definitely there, as Marie's hands are being burned. They hit on a tedious method of crystallization to arrive at pure radium.
Now world-famous, they go on vacation to rest after all the press conferences and the Nobel Prize. They're granted a new laboratory by the university; before its dedication Marie shows off her new dress, inspiring Pierre to go get her a set of earrings to go with it. Walking home in the rain, he absentmindedly crosses the street in front of a delivery wagon and is run down and killed. Marie almost loses her mind, but after the concerned Prof. Perot counsels her, she rallies when she remembers Pierre's words that if one of them is gone, the other must go on working just the same. Finally, Marie gives a speech at the 25th anniversary celebration of the discovery of radium, expressing her belief that science is the path to a better world.
Cast
Production
Universal Studios quickly bought the rights to Ève Curie's book, with Irene Dunne in mind to play Marie. Dunne traveled to Europe and met with Ève Curie to discuss the project, but Universal sold the property to Metro-Goldwyn-Mayer a few years later. In March 1938, Anita Loos contacted Aldous Huxley, then recently moved to Hollywood, saying she would put him in touch with MGM for a writing contract. Madame Curie was originally set for production in 1941 starring Greta Garbo with George Cukor directing. MGM ultimately rejected Huxley's script for Madame Curie as "too literary," and after Garbo's success in Ninotchka, MGM wanted her to star in another romantic comedy. The project was shelved and Garbo left MGM for good in 1942.
MGM's star Joan Crawford was interested in the role Marie as she wanted to play more serious characters but her request was rejected by Mayer. The role went to Greer Garson and Crawford cited this as a reason to leave MGM and sign to Warner Brothers.
Mervyn LeRoy replaced Albert Lewin, who was fired shortly before production began.
While the film is heavily fictionalized for dramatic purposes, the plot managed to adhere to the facts more than most biopics of the 1930s and 40s. Madame Curie completely omits any mention of Marie's family in Paris, including her sister Bronislawa, an obstetrician, with whom she was very close. There is also virtually no mention of Marie's intense devotion to politics and the liberation/independence of her native Poland.
Author James Hilton was the narrator for this film.
Box office
According to MGM records the film earned $2,575,000 in the US and Canada and $2,035,000 elsewhere resulting in a profit of $1,086,000.
Accolades
Others
The film is recognized by American Film Institute in these lists:
2003: AFI's 100 Years...100 Heroes & Villains:
Marie Curie – Nominated Hero
2006: AFI's 100 Years...100 Cheers – #97
In popular culture
Madame Curie was satirized in a 1976 episode of SCTV as Madame Blitzman (mistakenly shown on 'Monster Chiller Horror Theater') in which Frances Blitzman/Marie Curie (Andrea Martin) works alongside her husband Louis Blitzman/Pierre Curie (Eugene Levy) in creating a life-extension formula derived from radiation exposure. However, Louis suffers from painful recurring headaches which kill him eventually; at a meeting of the 'Academy of Science', an aged Frances reveals that Louis's experiments caused a plaque to grow in his brain, causing the painful headaches which killed him, and which are also affecting her.
References
External links
1943 films
1940s biographical drama films
American biographical drama films
American black-and-white films
Biographical films about scientists
Cultural depictions of Pierre Curie
Films about Nobel laureates
Films directed by Mervyn LeRoy
Films set in Paris
Films set in the 1890s
Films set in the 1900s
Metro-Goldwyn-Mayer films
Films with screenplays by Aldous Huxley
Films scored by Herbert Stothart
Films about Marie Curie
1943 drama films
1940s English-language films
1940s American films
Films about physicists |
50244881 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thomas%20Trenczek | Thomas Trenczek | Thomas Trenczek (born 1960) is a German law professor and mediator. He studied both law (bar exams and Ph.D.), and social sciences (M.A.) in Tübingen (Germany), and Minneapolis (USA). He is owner of the Steinberg Institute for Mediation and Conflict Management (SIMK) Hannover and works as a mediation trainer.
Trenczek has spent time in the US, Australia, and NZ, to study and train in mediation/alternative dispute resolution (ADR), and restorative justice. Beyond that, his interdisciplinary focus is on law and social control, criminology, as well as youth (protection, welfare, criminal) law. He is currently professor of law at the Ernst Abbe University in Jena, visiting scholar of Griffith University in Brisbane (Australia) Law School, as well as the School of Social and Cultural Studies, Massey University (NZ). Prof. Trenczek is initiator of the “Socrates Network of European University Schools of Social Work” (SocNet98).
Trenzek is cofounder and chairman of the non-profit WAAGE ("scales") Dispute Resolution Center Hannover, which offers different mediation services, among others mediation in escalated parental/family disputes and a victim-offender mediation/restorative justice service. He is the author of some 200 articles and books about mediation, restorative justice, youth law, and criminology.
Works
In English (for German publications and other languages see):
[German Handbook] Mediation and Conflict Management - Editor; 2.ed., Nomos Verlag Baden-Baden 2017,
Embedding Mediation and Dispute Resolution into Statutory Civil Law: The Example of Germany; (cowriter S. Loode) in: Ian Macduff (ed.): Essays on Mediation - Dealing with Disputes in the 21st Century; WoltersKluwer, Alphen aan den Rijn 2016, chapter 12 (pp. 177 - 192).
Restorative justice: new paradigm, sensitising theory or even practice? Restorative Justice: an International Journal; special book review forum – A tribute to Howard Zehr, Routledge 2015, 3:3, 453-459.
Restorative justice: new paradigm, sensitising theory or even practice?. Restorative Justice: an International Journal; special book review forum - A tribute to Howard Zehr, Routledge 2015, 3:3, 453-459.
Beyond Restorative Justice to Restorative Practice; in Cornwell, D./Blad, J./Wright, M. (eds.) Civilizing Criminal Justice, Hook, Hampshire (UK) 2013, pp. 409 – 428.
"Mediation made in Germany – a quality product" (together with S. Loode), Australasian Dispute Resolution Journal 23 (2012), 61 ff.
Mediation in Germany (together with N. Alexander and W. Gottwald) in: Alexander, N. (ed.) Global Trends in Mediation, 2nd ed., Amsterdam 2006, pp. 223 – 258.
Victim Offender Mediation and Restorative Justice - the European landscape (together with C. Pelikan); in Sullivan, D./Tifft, L. (eds.) Handbook of Restorative Justice: A Global Perspective; Taylor and Francis, London (UK) 2006, pp. 63–90.
Mediation in Germany; (together with W.Gottwald u. N.Alexander) in: Alexander, N. (ed.) Global Trends in Mediation, Dr Otto Schmidt Verlag, Köln 2003, pp. 179–212.
Within or outside the system? Restorative justice attempts and the penal system; in: E. Weitekamp/H.-J. Kerner (eds.) Restorative Justice in Context. International practice and directions; Willan Puplishing, Cullompton, UK 2003; pp. 272–284.
Victim-offender-reconciliation: The danger of cooptation and a useful reconsideration of law theory; Contemporary Justice Review, 2002, vol. 5; pp. 23–34.
Victim-Offender-Mediation in Germany – ADR under the Shadow of the Criminal Law?; Bond Law Review, special issue: International Dispute Resolution; vol 13, no. 2; December 2001, pp. 364–380.
Restorative Justice as Participation. Theory, Law, Experience and Research; together with L. Netzig in: B. Galaway/J. Hudson: Restorative Justice: International Perspektives; Monsey, N.Y./Amsterdam, NL; 1996 pp. 241 – 260. [VG-21.01.97]
Implementation and Acceptance of Victim/Offender Mediation Programs in the Federal Republic of Germany: A Survey of Criminal Justice Institutions; together with W. Bilsky u. H. Pfeiffer in: Kaiser, G./Kury, H./Albrecht, H.-J. (eds.) Victims and Criminal Justice; Freiburg 1991, pp. 507 – 539.
VORP - Some central issues in mediating the victim-offender conflict; in: Junger Tas, J./ Boendermaker, L./van der Laan, P. (eds.) The future of the juvenile justice system; Leuven/Amersfoort 1991, pp. 347 – 363.
A Review and Assessment of Victim-Offender Reconciliation Programming in West-Germany; in: Galaway, B./Hudson, J. (eds.) Criminal Justice, Restitution and Reconciliation; Monsey, N.Y./USA 1990, pp. 109 – 124.
References
1960 births
Living people
German legal scholars |
43942971 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Unknown%20Memory | Unknown Memory | Unknown Memory is the debut studio album by Swedish rapper Yung Lean, released by Sky Team on 23 September 2014. The album garnered generally favourable reviews, with many critics honouring its production and for being a more serious piece of work compared to his debut mixtape.
Composition
Unknown Memory's official press release describes the record as "a hybrid of modern experimental music", with the feeling of "Laser sword melancholia" and arrangements of "ominous synth clouds hovering over clinical beats." A review described Lean's vocals as "somehow distinctly European; less midnight in Vegas more dawn over Berghain, the robotic voice oddly reminiscent of Kraftwerk."
Lyrically, the album deals with "introspection, feelings of alienation, ennui, boredom, all with that vague, dull ache", and "conjures with tropes and social signifiers" common in modern hip-hop to make a feeling instead of an actual narrative, making it up to the listener to come up with their own narrative.
Release and promotion
A bundle of Unknown Memory was also distributed with a hand glove displaying the "Unknown Memory" logo on top of it, which was listed in an article by Kyla Bills of Paper magazine as one of the "10 Weirdest Pieces of Merch Ever Sold By Rappers".
Critical response
Several reviewers praised Unknown Memory as Yung Lean's more serious piece of work than his past releases, and felt that many listeners didn't take him as seriously as he probably should've been. These included The 405 critic Jess Bernard, who called the album "another example of Yung Lean's ability to stunt on a record", with his skills measuring up to those of The Weeknd and Travi$ Scott. He also highlighted the video game and internet-esque musical style, writing that "Most importantly, Yung Lean's created his own lane and an aesthetic that can only be attributed to him and Sadboys." The production of Unknown Memory and how it complemented Lean's rapping was also a common spotlight in reviews. In a Consequence of Sound review, Levy Pat praised how Lean handled his haters on Unknown Memory, with the rapper even thanking the negative attention he received with lines like "Thanks to everyone who hates me/ Only makes me fit my role.” Levy wrote, "To be so self-aware and able to handle criticism is something that Yung Lean should teach every other rapper/musician/human being. Not only is he aware of his critics, but the knock-off versions that come along with any rapper who finds his lane on the internet." He also liked that "Yung Lean takes some of the more familiar rap game tropes and flips them on their heads in a way that only he is capable of." Unknown Memory was number 28 on Pigeons & Planes' list of their favourite albums of 2014, with Joe Price calling the LP an example of why hip-hop doesn't always need to be taken seriously. He also wrote that "It's hard to even call this rap at times, but how it avoids genre conventions is how it remains so exciting throughout its running time. Rarely is music this fun without compromising individuality."
A critic for The Observer opined that "If Unknown Memory doesn’t quite merit the excited bafflement that initially greeted Lean, its nagging hooks and queasy introspection still make for an intriguing trip", while a Fact reviewer said there was something "beguilingly decadent about Unknown Memory: the way Lean’s confessions of world-weary ennui flow seamlessly into brags about wealth and status; how those dreamy, new-age synth lines play out beneath raps that sound spiritually hollow." However, the latter called also some parts of the album pretty weak, including Lean's sometimes "rudimentary" rapping. He also wrote that "More broadly, it feels like there are questions to be asked about a bunch of white European teens appropriating the culture and iconography of black America wholesale." One negative review of Unknown Memory came from Pitchfork Media's Jonah Bromwich, who felt that the rapper was "doubling down" his personality that made his past work enjoyable to listen to and "simultaneously scrubbing away the most amateurish (and most likeable) parts of his sound." He disliked Lean's auto-tuned vocals and "irritating rapping flow", which he felt caused the tracks to be too identical to each other and lost the listeners' interest on the otherwise more "palatable" instrumentals. He also made note of Yung Lean's sadness that he had always presented, which was "kicked into overdrive" and became "empty" on the LP, writing that these sad feelings have been done much better by artists such as Lana Del Rey.
Track listing
Charts
References
External links
2014 debut albums
Yung Lean albums |
22978702 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Puducherry%20Road%20Transport%20Corporation | Puducherry Road Transport Corporation | The Puducherry Road Transport Corporation (PRTC, French: Société des transports routiers de Pondichéry) is the government transport corporation in the union territory of Puducherry that provides services in all the four regions of Puducherry, namely Pondicherry, Karaikal, Mahé and Yanam.
History
Pondicherry Tourism Development Corporation Limited (PTDC) was incorporated during February 1986 to promote tourism in the union territory of
Puducherry. With the introduction of transport service from March 1988, the corporation was converted into Pondicherry Tourism and Transport Development Corporation Limited (PT&TDC) with effect from December 1992. The corporation operates inter-state buses on 55 routes throughout the territory, providing direct services to important tourist destinations in all the southern states of India. PT&TDC has paid up capital of about Rs.28.42 crores and was incurring substantial annual losses in the tourism sector. Hence, the corporation was bifurcated with effect from 1 April 2005 into the Puducherry Road Transport Corporation (PRTC) and Pondicherry Tourism Development Corporation (PTDC), in order to focus on diversification and expansion projects.
Fleet
PRTC operates over 139 buses in various Inter-state and Intra-City routes. It operates around 40 JNNURM buses in all the 4 territories, viz: Puducherry, Karaikal, Mahe and Yanam, with a majority of them operating in Puducherry. The fleet with PRTC is entirely from Ashok Leyland.
Routes
It operates various inter-state routes, connecting important cities of Tamil Nadu and Kerala like Chennai, Tindivanam, Coimbatore, Tirunelveli, Kumbakonam, Kumily, Velankanni, Nagapattinam, Mayiladuthurai, Neyveli, Chidambaram, Viluppuram, Cuddalore , Palakkad, Malappuram, Kozhikode from its towns of Puducherry and Karaikal. It also operates to Mahe, Tirupathi, Bengaluru from Puducherry, which till date, are its only services outside Tamil Nadu. Off late, they have been adding more and more services in Mahe and Yanam. As of now, they are operating 3 JnNURM town buses, each in Mahe and Yanam.
Class of services
PRTC is now running the following types of buses, connecting different places in its 4 regions as well as to the neighboring states.
City Ordinary - 2*2 City bus and 3*2 City bus
City Semi Low Floor - 2*2 JnNURM bus
Express - 3*2 Mofussil Bus
Deluxe - 2*2 Non-Push Back
Ultra Deluxe - 2*2 Push Back
Volvo buses - 2*2 PDYCHN & PDYCUD
Future plans and expansion
PRTC has received a fresh batch of 25 buses from JnNURM for the city operations. Around 25 Semi-Low-Floor buses are being operated to destinations in and around the Pondicherry. It received another fresh batch of 14 new Semi-Low- Floor buses and they were inaugurated in the month of January, 3 out of which are running in Karaikal and Mahe, 2 in Yanam and the rest doing its service in Puducherry Urban Area in new routes.
There is also a proposal to replace all the inter-state buses. All of them have done more than 10 lakh km and are very old. Very recently PRTC has added 4 Ultra Delux buses of Prakash P8000 Model on the Pondicherry–Mahé and Pondicherry–Nagercoil routes. Another 3 Ultra Delux buses are expected to be added to the fleet soon. They also have replaced 30 of their age old inter-city bus fleet with new buses built by TVR Coach on Ashok Leyland platform and they also have procured 200 electronic ticket vending machines enabled with GPS and GPRS as a part of preventing revenue leakage.
Very recently they have invited tenders for procurement of 50 buses under JnNURM - II. They include 20 Standard Non-AC buses, 20 Mini Non-AC buses. They are expected to hit the road sometime in 2014 and are to be deployed in new local routes.
Volvo Buses
PRTC also operates 2 Volvo AC buses to two different locations. They were procured in 2006–2007, but in the year 2010–11 they were withdrawn due to an accident and a court order to halt the service between Puducherry (city) and Bengaluru. Now, due to the efforts of the new general manager and the managing director, the buses have been sent to the Volvo factory and have been re-furbished with a complete FC. Both the buses have been delivered back to PRTC and has started its service in Puducherry –Chennai route.
10 new Volvo buses to ply in Puducherry and to Chennai .A fleet of brand new Volvo buses rolled out to enhance the travel experience of the commuters on Friday[12-07-2014].
Chief Minister N. Rangasamy flagged off the 10 swanky, air-conditioned buses of the Puducherry Road Transport (PRTC) Corporation Limited here.
See also
Andhra Pradesh State Road Transport Corporation
Tamil Nadu State Transport Corporation
State Express Transport Corporation (Tamil Nadu)
Metropolitan Transport Corporation (Chennai)
References
Bus companies of India
State road transport corporations of India
Companies based in Puducherry
Transport in Puducherry
Transport companies established in 1988
Government agencies established in 1988
1988 establishments in Pondicherry |
72976089 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Disney%20Illusion%20Island | Disney Illusion Island | Disney Illusion Island is a 2023 platform video game developed by Dlala Studios and published by Disney Electronic Content for the Nintendo Switch.
Gameplay
Disney Illusion Island is a 2D side-scrolling platformer with a Metroidvania-like game structure. After choosing one of four characters – Mickey Mouse, Minnie Mouse, Donald Duck or Goofy – players travel through areas using an expanding map of the Monoth island. Despite presenting different animations, the characters play the same. Players can walk and jump, and, as they progress, the characters obtain more platforming abilities like double jumping, wall jumping, ground-pounding and swinging. The game lacks any direct combat mechanic, so players have to avoid attacks from enemies encountered throughout the journey. The game sometimes has areas where players engage in boss fights, during which they have to avoid attacks, press buttons or perform other platforming activities in order to indirectly harm the boss. Getting hit makes players lose one life (represented as a heart), and losing all their lives makes them return to the last mailbox that they passed through (functioning as a checkpoint). Each player can adjust the number of lives given at the beginning of a checkpoint and can also choose to activate invincibility mode. The game offers a local co-op multiplayer mode, enabling players to hug others to restore both their lives and drop ropes to help other players climb obstacles. Collectibles in the game include Glimts, small balls of light that unlock concept game art and the island's lore; Tokuns, which display character art and backstories; hidden Mickey shapes in the background, which show photos of Mickey and his friends; and Mickey memorabilia, which reference previous Mickey cartoons.
Plot
Mickey, Minnie, Donald, and Goofy arrive on Monoth Island, expecting a picnic. They discover a giant bookshelf and meet Toku, leader of the Hokuns creatures, who admits to inviting them for a fake picnic. Toku seeks their help to recover three stolen Tomes of Knowledge that protect the island. Aspiring to become heroes, Mickey and his friends accept the mission. During the search, inventor Mazzy provides them with new abilities to unlock new areas. They retrieve the Tomes of Engineering, Botany, and Astronomy by battling against three bosses in different biomes. After each battle, Mickey's team cast a spell taught by Toku that turns defeated enemies into stone statues.
Placing the Tomes on the bookshelf reveals a portal. After the Hokuns take the Tomes and enter it, the bookshelf transforms into the Tome of History. They learn from it that four heroes who once ruled the island created the Tomes to share knowledge with the public. Grayzar, the creator of the Tome of History, desired the other Tomes' power and was defeated in a battle and banished by the other three heroes. Mickey and his friends use the spell in reverse to free the defeated guardians, who then open a portal for Mickey's team to enter and prevent Toku from returning Grayzar into Monoth. The group faces Grayzar, who was disguised as Mazzy, and breaks his spell, making Grayzar friendly. Grayzar reveals Toku manipulated him during the previous battle against the three heroes and he projected his subconscious to aid Mickey's team with no knowledge of Toku's plan.
They find Toku casting a spell with the Tomes in order to control the island. Despite Toku's attempts at excuses, Minnie kicks him far away. The group interrupts the spell that was still being executed by the Tomes with the help of four words given by Grayzar. In the end, the group shows the Tomes to Grayzar and the other three guardians, who then call them heroes and let them guard the Tomes. Grayzar and Mickey's team celebrate with a picnic while the Hokuns assault Toku elsewhere.
Development and release
Disney Illusion Island was developed by Dlala Studios, based in Essex, England. Aj Grand-Scrutton, the team's CEO and creative director, stated that, when developing the game, inspiration was taken from Mickey games of the 90s, as well as Rayman Legends. The nature of the characters' movement was one of the most significant design pillars. Combat was kept to a relative minimum, as they did not deem the characters suitable for this gameplay's style. The ability of characters to drop ropes was taken from World of Illusion. The game was released by Disney Electronic Content on July 28, 2023.
Reception
Disney Illusion Island received "mixed or average reviews" from critics, according to the review aggregator platform Metacritic.
References
External links
(archived)
Official trailer
Disney Illusion Island on IMDb
2023 video games
Disney video games
Dlala Studios games
Donald Duck video games
Goofy (Disney) video games
Mickey Mouse video games
Multiplayer and single-player video games
Nintendo Switch games
Nintendo Switch-only games
Platformers
Side-scrolling video games
Video games developed in the United Kingdom
Video games featuring female protagonists |
7898234 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/George%20Kettmann | George Kettmann | George Wilhelm Kettmann or George Kettmann Jr. (12 December 1898 in Amsterdam – 10 February 1970 in Roosendaal) was a Dutch poet, writer, journalist and publisher who promoted Nazism in the Netherlands. With his wife, he founded the best known Dutch Nazi publishing house, De Amsterdamsche Keurkamer. Until 1941 he was editor in chief of Volk en Vaderland (People and Fatherland), the weekly journal of the National Socialist Movement in the Netherlands (NSB), the movement of Anton Mussert.
Life and career
Kettmann was the eldest son of a businessman and worked for his father until the company was ruined by the financial crisis of 1930, after which he worked as a journalist. He joined the NSB on 2 August 1932. On 12 October he married Margot Warnsinck; they had started the publishing house, De Amsterdamsche Keurkamer, only shortly before he joined the party, on 14 or 21 July, with the aim of promoting a new völkisch ideology, which soon became specifically National Socialist. In 1939 the company published the Dutch translation of Hitler's Mein Kampf.
In the years before World War II, in addition to running the company, he edited Volk en Vaderland, the national weekly of the NSB (until 1941) and wrote and published prose, poetry and essays, showing enormous energy. Over the years his relation with Anton Mussert deteriorated, as Kettmann accused Mussert of being unable to grasp the true, revolutionary nature of Nazism. This led ultimately to his joining the Nederlandsche SS on 7 March 1942. In September 1942 Mussert expelled him from the NSB; Kettmann was considered too radical a Nazi. He went to the Eastern Front as a war correspondent.
After the war Kettmann fled to Belgium, where he was arrested in 1948. Back in the Netherlands, he was accused of:
joining the German armed forces,
aiding the enemy, National Socialism and antisemitism,
having written and published articles and poems glorifying National Socialism and antisemitism.
He was sentenced to 10 years in prison. After his release in 1955 he refrained from any political activity. He published some volumes of poetry, in which he demonstrates not having lost his Nazi ideology.
Ideologically he evolved from an Italian-style fascism (1931–1933) to a Dutch Nazism (1933–1940), then to a German-oriented Nazism (1940–1942) and finally to the most radical SS ideology, desiring one great Germanic empire in Europe (1942–1945). After the German defeat he returned to his ideas of the 1933-1940 period.
Selected works
1928 - De glanzende draad der goden. Novel.
1930 - De vlam der steden. Coauthor: Ru le Cavelier. Novel.
1931 - Maan op het dak. Novel.
1933 - De oceaanvlucht van een olie-man. Novel.
1935 - De jonge leeuw, verzen. Poetry.
1936 - 'Om wille van het leven, kunst en gemeenschap. Essay.
1938 - Het erf aan zee. Poetry.
1940 - Om de nieuwe cultuur. Essay.
1942 - Jong groen om den helm. Poetry.
1943 - Bloed in de sneeuw. Poetry.
1944 - De verdrevene. Novel.
1949 - Leven in tweespalt: nagelaten geschriften van een nationaal-socialist. Autobiography. Published Hilversum: Flanor, 1999, ed. Willem Huberts, introduction by Louis Ferron. Flanorreeks 37. .
1956 - De ballade van de dode Viking. Poetry.
1957 - Manuel. Published under the pseudonym Jan van de Wolk. Novel.
1962 - Zettericks van alle seizoenen. Published under the pseudonym Jan van de Wolk. Poetry.
1969 - Man vrouw kind. Poetry.
References
Sources
Willem Huberts. Schrijver tussen daad en gedachte, leven en werken van George Kettmann Jr. (1898–1970), met een bibliografie. The Hague: Stichting Bibliographia Neerlandica, 1987. .
Frank van den Bogaard. "George Wilhelm Kettmann (1898–1970)". In: Een stoottroep in de letteren, 'Groot Nederland', de SS en de Nederlandse literatuur (1942–1944). The Hague: Stichting Bibliographia Neerlandica, 1987. .
Willem Huberts. "Kettmann". In: Biografisch woordenboek van Nederland, deel 3. Ed. J. Charité. The Hague: Instituut voor Nederlandse Geschiedenis, 1989. pp. 322–324. .
Gerard Groeneveld. "Kettmann in Karelië". In: Kriegsberichter, Nederlandse SS-oorlogsverslaggevers 1941-1945. Nijmegen: Vantilt, 2004. pp. 305–317. .
George Kettmann and Margot Warnsinck. Uitgeverij "De Amsterdamsche Keurkamer". Archive 1926–53. Amsterdam: NIOD: Instituut voor Oorlogs-, Holocaust- en Genocidestudies. OCLC 66595793.
External links
George Kettmann in Biografisch Woordenboek van Nederland
1898 births
1970 deaths
Writers from Amsterdam
National Socialist Movement in the Netherlands politicians
Dutch male poets
Dutch prisoners and detainees
Dutch publishers (people)
Dutch Waffen-SS personnel
20th-century Dutch poets
20th-century Dutch male writers
20th-century Dutch journalists
Prisoners and detainees of the Netherlands |
20822202 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Meldemannstra%C3%9Fe%20dormitory | Meldemannstraße dormitory | The men's dormitory on Meldemannstraße 27 in Brigittenau district, Vienna, Austria was a public dormitory for men (Männerwohnheim) from 1905 to 2003. It is a subject of public interest primarily because it was the residence of Adolf Hitler, the later dictator of Nazi Germany, from 1910 to 1913.
The dormitory in the 1900s
The construction of the dormitory in 1905 was financed by a private charitable foundation which aimed at reducing the number of Bettgeher ("bed-goers") in Vienna. Bettgeher were poor people with no fixed abode, often shift workers from the countryside, who paid a small fee for the use of a bed in a private house for a few hours during the day. In 1910, they numbered 80,000 in Vienna, and were regarded as a threat to the morals of the host family.
The six-story dormitory was among the most modern facilities of its kind when it was opened in 1905. It was lit by gas lamps and light bulbs, and heated by a modern steam heater. On the ground floor, it featured a mess hall, a reading room with daily newspapers and a library. The underground floor held cleaning rooms, a luggage room, a bicycle storage room as well as a shoemaker's and a tailor's workshop. Moreover, the dormitory included a sick room with a resident physician, a disinfection chamber for the de-lousing of new residents, washrooms, a shaving room and a bathroom with sixteen showers and four bathtubs.
The actual dormitory was located on the upper four stories. Each of the up to 544 residents had a small cabin to his own, measuring by . The cabins, which were unlocked each evening at 8 p.m. and had to be vacated by 9 a.m., had a lockable door, a lightbulb, a bed, a small table, a clothes-hanger and a mirror.
The weekly rent was 2.50 crowns, about as much as a Bettgeher would have to pay for the use of a bed, which made it a very affordable lodging for unskilled labourers or journeyman artisans with an annual income of about 1,000 crowns. When the dormitory opened, the Viennese press praised it as "fantastical quarters, a paradise on earth" and as a "wonder of elegance and inexpensiveness".
Adolf Hitler's stay
According to police registration files, Adolf Hitler – at the time unemployed and living off the sale of his paintings – lived in the dormitory for three years, 9 February 1910 to 24 May 1913. He had moved in from a homeless shelter in Meidling, where he had stayed since December 1909, and moved to Munich in 1913 after receiving his father's inheritance.
Hitler himself appears to have provided no details about his daily life in Vienna, but several of his co-residents later published their recollections of Hitler's stay in the dormitory. They report that he read the newspapers each morning in the non-smoking area of the reading room, where he also painted, discussed politics with other residents and gave speeches.
Among the men who wrote about Hitler's residence in the dormitory were Reinhold Hanisch, a vagabond and part-time labourer who died in prison in 1937 under unclear circumstances and whose recollections were published in The New Republic in 1939; one Karl Honisch who wrote a report for the Nazi party archives in 1938; Josef Greiner, a worker who published slim memoirs in 1938 and 1947; and an anonymous man who wrote reports that appeared in Czech newspapers in the 1930s.
Other co-residents of the dormitory with whom Hitler was involved included his Jewish friends Eduard Löffner and Josef Neumann, the Viennese druggist who moved to Munich with Hitler in 1913, and a rival painter, Karl Leidenroth.
Later history
In the 1990s, the Viennese city government decided to close the timeworn dormitory, which now served as a shelter for the homeless, in favour of a new shelter in Floridsdorf. Prior to its closure on 28 November 2003, the dormitory served in 2002 and 2003 as the venue of regular productions of George Tabori's play Mein Kampf, whose subject is Hitler's stay in Vienna.
After its closure, the building was briefly occupied by squatters. In 2007, the former dormitory was converted to a retirement home with 200 rooms, named Seniorenschlössl Brigittenau. It opened in January 2009; its entrance is on Winarskystraße.
References
Buildings and structures in Brigittenau
Adolf Hitler
Residential buildings in Vienna
1905 establishments in Austria
2003 disestablishments in Austria
20th-century architecture in Austria |
5390808 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Margaret%20Fredkulla | Margaret Fredkulla | Margaret Fredkulla (Swedish: Margareta Fredkulla; Danish: Margrete Fredkulla; Norwegian: Margret Fredskolla; 1080s – 4 November 1130) was a Swedish princess who became successively queen of Norway and Denmark by marriage to kings Magnus III of Norway and Niels of Denmark. She was also de facto regent of Denmark. An English exonym is Margaret Colleen-of-Peace.
Biography
Margaret was born a princess as one of four children of King Inge the Elder of Sweden and Queen Helena. The exact year of birth and place of birth is not recorded.
Queen of Norway
In 1101, she was married to King Magnus of Norway. The marriage had been arranged as a part of the peace treaty between Sweden and Norway. She was often referred to as Margaret Fredkulla (Margaret the Maiden of Peace). She brought with her large fiefs and areas in Sweden as her dowry, probably in Västergötland. In 1103, she was made widow after two years of marriage, and soon left Norway. The marriage was childless. Her departure from Norway was seen as an insult by the Norwegians who expected her to stay, and she was accused of having stolen the holy relics of Saint Olav.
Queen of Denmark
In 1105, she married King Niels of Denmark. Niels was made king in 1104, but he was described as a passive monarch who lacked the capacity to rule and who left the affairs of the state to his queen. With his blessing, Margaret governed Denmark. She is described as a wise ruler, and the relationship between Denmark and her birth country Sweden was very peaceful during her time as queen. It was said that: Styrelsen beroede for størstedelen paa den ædle dronning Margrete, saa at fremmede sagde, at Danmarks styrelse laa i kvindehaand ("The rule was so much dependent on the noble Queen Margaret, that foreigners remarked that the rule of Denmark lay in a woman's hand"). She minted her own coins, something unique for a queen consort of this time. The Danish coins printed during this period bears the inscription: Margareta-Nicalas ("Margaret-Niels").
Her father, king Inge the Elder, died in 1110, and was succeeded on the Swedish throne by his nephews. Her elder sister, Christina, lived in Russia, and was in Sweden counted as too far away to be given a share in the inheritance of their father, leaving only Margaret and her younger sister Catherine among the sisters as heirs. It is known that Margaret shared her inheritance with her niece Ingrid in Norway, and her niece Ingeborg in Denmark, giving each one-fourth.
In 1114, Margaret was sent a letter by Theobald of Étampes (Theobaldus Stampensis) thanking her for a liberality to the Church of Caen.
Death
After her death in 1130, King Niels married Queen dowager Ulvhild of Sweden. Margaret's lands in Sweden became a base for her son, Magnus when he claimed the throne of Sweden through her. When Margaret's first cousin King Inge the Younger died, Magnus claimed the throne as the eldest grandson of King Inge the Elder and reigned as King Magnus I of Sweden.
Issue
Queen Margaret had two children with King Niels:
Inge Nielsen (died as a child)
Magnus I of Sweden (born about 1106)
References
Other sources
Harrison, Dick Gud vill det – Nordiska korsfarare under medeltiden (2005)
Nanna Damsholt Kvindebilledet i dansk højmiddelalder (1985)
External links
Margareta Fredkulla
Norwegian royal consorts
Danish royal consorts
Regents of Denmark
1080s births
1130 deaths
Margaret 1080
11th-century Danish people
11th-century Danish women
11th-century Swedish people
11th-century Swedish women
11th-century Norwegian people
11th-century Norwegian women
12th-century Danish people
12th-century Danish women
12th-century Swedish people
12th-century Swedish women
12th-century Norwegian people
12th-century Norwegian women
Remarried royal consorts
Daughters of kings
Mothers of monarchs |
23689382 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Enne%C3%BCs%20Heerma | Enneüs Heerma | Enneüs "Inne" Heerma (23 December 1944 – 1 March 1999) was a Dutch politician of the Christian Democratic Appeal (CDA) party and management consultant.
Heerma applied at the Free University Amsterdam in July 1963 majoring in Political science and obtaining a Bachelor of Social Science degree in June 1965 before graduating with a Master of Social Science degree in July 1970. Heerma worked as a management consultant in Amsterdam from January 1971 until September 1978. Heerma served on the Municipal Council of Amsterdam from March 1971 until July 1986 and served as an Alderman in Amsterdam from September 1978 until July 1986. Heerma served as acting Mayor of Amsterdam from 1 June 1983 until 16 June 1983 following the retirement of Wim Polak.
After the election of 1986 Heerma was appointed as State Secretary for Economic Affairs in the Cabinet Lubbers II, taking office on 17 July 1986. Heerma was appointed as State Secretary for Housing, Spatial Planning and the Environment following the resignation of Gerrit Brokx, taking office on 27 October 1986. The Cabinet Lubbers II fell on 3 May 1989 and continued to serve in a demissionary. Heerma was elected as a Member of the House of Representatives after the election of 1989, taking office on 14 September 1989. Following the cabinet formation of 1989 Heerma continued as State Secretary for Housing, Spatial Planning and the Environment in the Cabinet Lubbers III, taking office on 7 November 1989. After the election of 1994 Heerma returned as a Member of the House of Representatives, taking office on 17 May 1994. After the Leader of the Christian Democratic Appeal and Parliamentary leader of the Christian Democratic Appeal in the House of Representatives Elco Brinkman announced he was stepping down as Leader and Parliamentary leader in the House of Representatives following the defeat in the election, the Christian Democratic Appeal leadership approached Heerma as his successor, Heerma accepted and became the Leader and Parliamentary leader, taking office on 18 August 1994. The Cabinet Lubbers III was replaced by the Cabinet Kok I following the cabinet formation of 1994 on 22 August 1994. On 27 March 1997 following increasing criticism on his performance as Opposition leader Heerma announced he was stepping down Leader and Parliamentary leader but retained his seat in the House of Representatives and continued to serve as a backbencher until his resignation on 9 April 1997.
Heerma remained in active politics, in October 1997 he was nominated as a Mayor of Hilversum but was diagnosed with terminal lung cancer the day before his official conformation, he died two years later at the age of 54.
Heerma was known for his abilities as a manager and policy wonk. He holds the distinction as the longest-serving State Secretary for Housing with . His youngest son Pieter is also a politician and is currently serving as the Parliamentary leader of the Christian Democratic Appeal in the House of Representatives, the same office Heerma himself held 22 years earlier.
Decorations
Bridge
In 2001, a long road bridge, connecting the new residential neighbourhood of IJburg, built on seven manmade islands, to the Amsterdam mainland, was finished and name after Heerma: the Enneüs Heerma Bridge.
References
External links
Official
Drs. E. (Enneüs) Heerma Parlement & Politiek
1944 births
1999 deaths
Aldermen of Amsterdam
Anti-Revolutionary Party politicians
Christian Democratic Appeal politicians
Commanders Crosses of the Order of Merit of the Federal Republic of Germany
Commanders of the Order of Orange-Nassau
Deaths from cancer in the Netherlands
Deaths from lung cancer
Dutch management consultants
Grand Officers of the Order of Leopold II
Housing reformers
Leaders of the Christian Democratic Appeal
Mayors of Amsterdam
Members of the House of Representatives (Netherlands)
Municipal councillors of Amsterdam
People from Tytsjerksteradiel
Reformed Churches Christians from the Netherlands
State Secretaries for Economic Affairs of the Netherlands
State Secretaries for Housing and Spatial Planning of the Netherlands
Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam alumni
20th-century Dutch politicians |
33672399 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Unni%20Mukundan | Unni Mukundan | Unnikrishnan Mukundan Nair (born 22 September 1987) is an Indian actor, producer, singer, lyricist and social issues responder who predominantly works in Malayalam cinema. He has also acted in a few Telugu and Tamil films. In 2021, he won his first national award as a producer for his production debut film, Meppadiyan, which won the national award for the best film of a debut director.
Unni Mukundan made his acting debut with the Tamil film Seedan (2011), a remake of Nandanam (2002). At the age of 23, after playing several small roles, Unni got his breakthrough with his lead role in Vysakh's action comedy Mallu Singh (2012). Later, he went on to star in several Malayalam films including commercially successful films like Vikramadithyan (2014), KL 10 Patthu (2015), Style (2016), Oru Murai Vanthu Parthaya (2016), Achayans (2017) and Malikappuram (2022). He made his Telugu film debut with the 2016 film Janatha Garage.
Unni Mukundan made his debut as a lyricist and singer with Achayans. He has also sponsored road safety measures by appearing in the motor vehicle department's advertisements.
Early life
Unni Mukundan was born on 22 September 1987 to Malayali parents Madathiparambil Mukundan Nair and Roji Mukundan. He completed his school from Pragati Higher Secondary School at Ahmedabad. He is graduated in English Literature and Journalism from Prajyoti Niketan College, Pudukad.(Thrissur). He was brought up in Ahmedabad, Gujarat. In his early days, he used to work with Motif, now known as TTEC. His ambition was to join the Indian Army before coming to the film industry.
Career
Debut and initial success (2011–2013)
In 2011, Unni made his film debut in Tamil film Seedan, a remake of the Malayalam film Nandanam. Unni entered the Malayalam film industry through Bombay March 12 alongside Mammootty, directed by Babu Janardhanan. For his performance in Bombay March 12, he was earned awards as best newcomer from SIIMA, Asianet Film Awards, Asiavision, Jaihind TV, Amrita TV and Vanitha Film Awards. He played a supporting role in Thalsamayam Oru Penkutty, directed by T. K. Rajeev Kumar.
Unni got his turning point from the movie Mallu Singh (2012) directed by Vyshakh. The movie became a huge hit and ran over 100 days. He did cameo appearances in movies Theevram and The Hitlist. In the same year, he appeared in Ezham Suryan and I love Me directed by B. Unnikrishnan. His action sequences where well acclaimed by the audience.
In 2013 he appeared in Ithu Pathiramanal and Orissa, both directed by M. Padmakumar. Also he was seen in D Company an anthology of three independently shot action films.
Breakthrough (2014–present)
In 2014, he appeared in The Last Supper directed by Vinil turned out to be a flop. But in the same year, he made a comeback by playing one of the titular role along with Dulquer Salmaan in hit movie Vikramadithyan directed by Lal Jose.
In 2015, he was seen in supporting role in the Mammootty starrer Fireman directed by Deepu Karunakaran. Same year, he played the lead role in the movie Samrajyam II: Son of Alexander as Jordan, the son of Alexander who was the protagonist in the prequel. He next release was KL 10 Patthu written and directed by debutant Muhsin Parari.
In 2016, he did action thriller movie Style which turned out to be a decent commercial entertainer. He was then seen in critically acclaimed movie Kaattum Mazhayum and fantasy romantic comedy film Oru Murai Vanthu Parthaya. He made his Tollywood debut with the film Janatha Garage in an antagonistic role as Raghava, son of Sathyam (Mohanlal). The film was both commercial success and critically acclaimed. It was the highest grossing Telugu films of the year.
In 2017 film Achayans, he made his debut as a lyricist and singer. He played one of the lead role along with Jayaram and Adil Ibrahim in the movie and it turned out to be a commercial success. In the same year, he was seen in another multi hero movie Avarude Raavukal along with Asif Ali which received mixed reviews. In August of the same year Clint with director Harikumar was released, in which he played the role of Joseph, father of Edmund Thomas Clint, a child prodigy known for having drawn over 25,000 paintings during his short life of seven years. He was seen in two different looks as a 35-year old and a 73-year-old man in the film. For this film he received Ramu Kariat Movie Award for the Best Actor. His release of 2017 was Mammootty starrer Masterpiece in which he played the villain role and Tharangam in which he played an extended cameo.
In 2018, he did Tamil-Telugu Bilingual film Bhaagamathie along with Anuskha Shetty which turned out to be both commercial success and critically acclaimed. His next releases were two thriller movies Ira and Chanakyathanthram. Both the films received positive reviews and was commercially successful.
His first release of 2019 was Haneef Adeni's Mikhael, in which he portrayed the role of antagonist Marco Jr. He was seen in the film Meppadiyan which had a theatrical release on January 14, 2022. Later, he was seen in the Telugu film Khiladi. His next appearance was in Malikappuram which earned him critical acclaim and praise.
Production
Unni Mukundan launched his film production company Unni Mukundan Films (UMF) on 17 August 2020.
Filmography
Malayalam
Other language films
Television
Discography
Awards
References
External links
Living people
Male actors from Kerala
Male actors in Telugu cinema
Male actors in Malayalam cinema
Indian male film actors
Male actors in Tamil cinema
1987 births
21st-century Indian male actors
South Indian International Movie Awards winners
Male actors from Thrissur |
66363344 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Omar%20Fateh | Omar Fateh | Omar Mahmood Fateh ( ; ), is a Minnesota politician and a member of the Minnesota Senate. A member of the Minnesota Democratic Farmer-Labor Party (DFL), he represents District 62, which includes parts of south Minneapolis in Hennepin County. Fateh is the first Somali American and Muslim to serve in the Minnesota Senate.
Early life and education
Fateh was born in Washington, D.C., and is the son of immigrants from Somalia. He graduated from Falls Church High School and earned undergraduate and graduate degrees from George Mason University.
Minnesota Senate
Fateh was an unsuccessful candidate for District 62A of the Minnesota House of Representatives in 2018. In 2020, he announced a primary challenge to incumbent Senator Jeff Hayden. A self-declared democratic socialist, Fateh received support from groups such as the Democratic Socialists of America and the Sunrise Movement. He also received the Minnesota Democratic-Farmer-Labor Party's endorsement. Fateh defeated Hayden in the August primary, 54% to 45%, and was elected to the Minnesota Senate with 88.99% of the vote in the general election.
First Senate term
Fateh was sworn into the Minnesota legislature on Jan 5, 2021. During his first term, the Senate was under Republican control, while the DFL controlled the House and governor's office. Fateh authored 54 bills during the 2021-22 session, including a bill to exempt fentanyl test strips from being considered drug paraphernalia, which was passed and signed into law despite the divided government. In January 2023, the Star Tribune reported that since legalization, community organizations and nonprofits have given away more than 100,000 strips, and cited evidence from surveys demonstrating that the use of the strips changed user behavior, including that 89% of users "took overdose-prevention measures once they discovered fentanyl".
Political accomplishments
In 2022, Fateh defeated a challenger in the August 9 DFL primary, winning every precinct. He then defeated Republican nominee Andrew Schmitz in the November general election with over 90% of the vote. In 2022, Democrats won a "trifecta", taking control of the Senate, House, and governor's office. Fateh was appointed chair of the Senate Higher Education committee and vice-chair of the Senate Human Services Committee.
Fateh's higher education bill included tuition-free public colleges and universities and tribal colleges for students from families whose income is less than $80,000 a year. It also included an increase to Hunger Free Campus grants, emergency assistance grants.
Fateh was chief author in the Senate of a bill to provide minimum wages and worker protections for drivers for rideshare companies such as Uber and Lyft. The Minnesota Uber and Lyft Drivers Association (MULDA) supported the bill. It had bipartisan support, and passed the House and Senate, but was vetoed by Governor Walz. The veto sparked outrage from MULDA drivers, union groups, and progressive activists nationwide.
Investigations
Since Fateh took office, local media have reported his ties to two controversies. The first occurred when it was revealed that Feeding Our Future and its subsidiaries were stealing money from federal nutrition programs. When the scandal broke, Fateh condemned the fraudulent activities and returned $11,000 in contributions from cultural restaurant owners and employees connected to Feeding Our Future programs.
The second incident stemmed from a State Senate Ethics investigation. Fateh failed to disclose $1,000 his campaign paid to Somali TV Minnesota, which he corrected once he was made aware of the mistake. A second complaint was related to the perjury conviction of Muse Mohamed, Fateh's brother-in-law and a volunteer on his 2020 campaign. A federal jury convicted Muse in May of lying to a federal grand jury about his handling of three absentee ballots for Fateh's campaign. The Republican-led ethics committee unanimously dismissed all the allegations against Fateh except for the undisclosed advertising expense, which was deemed outside the ethics committee's scope and referred to the campaign finance board.
Personal life
Fateh lives in Minneapolis's Phillips neighborhood.
See also
List of Democratic Socialists of America who have held office in the United States
References
American politicians of Somalian descent
Minnesota socialists
Members of the Democratic Socialists of America from Minnesota
Democratic Party Minnesota state senators
Living people
Politicians from Minneapolis
Politicians from Washington, D.C.
1990 births
African-American Muslims |
44053577 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bridegroom%27s%20Oak | Bridegroom's Oak | The Bridegroom's Oak () is an oak tree in the Dodauer Forst, a forest near Eutin in Schleswig-Holstein, Germany. It is a registered natural monument, and a hole high in the trunk, reached by a ladder, functions as a dead drop or public letter box for people seeking love partners, and has a postal address.
Location and description
The tree is near a forest road that branches off Bundesstraße 76 shortly after leaving Eutin in the direction of Plön, which is marked with a sign. The address is: Bräutigamseiche, Dodauer Forst, 23701 Eutin, Germany.
The tree is over 500 years old. It has a trunk circumference of , a spread of , and a height of . The tree is surrounded by a wooden fence except for a path leading to the ladder which gives access to the hole in the trunk; the hole is approximately off the ground and 30 cm (1 ft) wide. Since the mid-1990s, the crown has been roped to prevent its collapsing. In 2014 a fungal infection (Laetiporus sulphureus) was detected in the trunk and branches; branches have been shortened to reduce wear and the cabling renewed.
Legends and traditions
There is a legend that the tree was planted as a gesture of thanks by the son of a Celtic chieftain after he had been tied to a tree in the forest and was released by a Christian girl. However, this legend is believed by historians to have been invented by Christian missionaries to reinterpret pagan worship of oak trees. A service is still held at the tree on Whit Monday.
Another custom is for a girl to walk around the tree three times under a full moon, thinking of her beloved and without speaking or laughing; she will be married within the year.
Name and use as a letter drop
The name of the tree derives from an incident in the late 19th century. The daughter of the head forester, Ohrt, and the son of a Leipzig chocolate maker, Schütte-Felsche, were in love but her father disapproved of the relationship, so they secretly exchanged letters by leaving them in the hole in the tree's trunk. When Herr Ohrt gave in and granted his permission, they were married under the tree on 2 June 1891.
The history of the oak and word of mouth led to people writing to the tree in the hope of finding a love partner. In 1927 a ladder was set up and later the postal service began to deliver letters to the tree. Letters are deposited six days a week, in the middle of the day. They are from both men and women; a retired postman said in 2006 that he used to deliver four or five a day, from all over the world. It is a public letter box; anyone can open, read, take or answer the letters.
At least five and reportedly more than a hundred marriages have been brought about by the Bridegroom's Oak. One man from North Rhine-Westphalia on a spa holiday in Schleswig-Holstein found a letter from a woman who lived from him and wound up marrying her. The retired postman knew of two 25-year marriages brought about by the tree, and himself met his wife in the 1990s when she wrote directly to him at the tree after seeing him on a television programme about the oak.
Marriage
On 25 April 2009 the oak itself was symbolically married to the , a horse-chestnut in Düsseldorf, the second tree in Germany to have a postal address. The "marriage" lasted for six years until the chestnut died in 2015 and was reduced to a trunk that was made into a sculpture.
Media reports
The Bridegroom's Oak has been featured on Mongolian radio and on Italian and Japanese television. It is in a German language textbook published by the Goethe Institute. was the focus of a 2018 BBC online article for Valentine's Day, titled "In Germany, the world's most romantic postbox".
On June 19, 2019, the Atlantic published a story entitled The Matchmaking Tree and the Lonely Postman by reporter Jeff Maysh. Maysh chronicled the story of both the tree itself and Karl-Heinz Martens, the tree's postman.
References
External links
Website with photos, postcards and videos
Individual oak trees
Eutin
Individual trees in Germany |
11331451 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Genlisea%20margaretae | Genlisea margaretae | Genlisea margaretae is a carnivorous species in the genus Genlisea (family Lentibulariaceae) native to areas of Madagascar, Tanzania, and Zambia. It has pale bundles of root-like organs up to about 20 cm long under ground that attract, trap, and digest protozoans. These organs are subterranean leaves, which lack chlorophyll. It had been known to possess the smallest known genome of any flowering plant as of 2006, but was later surpassed by the related species Genlisea tuberosa.
Characteristics
Genlisea margaretae is a perennial herb that forms small, compact rosettes composed of nearly linear leaves about 2 mm wide. Leaves are typically 5–50 mm in length, but most of that length, including the petiole, is hidden beneath the soil. It has no true roots and instead has highly modified subterranean leaves that act as the carnivorous trapping mechanism.
The inflorescences, which can grow to be 20–60 cm tall, emerge from the center of the rosette and produce mauve or violet-colored flowers. Each inflorescence can produce more than 10 flowers on a congested raceme. The upper part of the inflorescences is densely covered with glandular trichomes while the lower part has fewer trichomes and is often glabrous. Individual flowers have rounded upper lips on the corolla instead of being lobed and a relatively straight spur.
The genomes of several species in the genus Genlisea were studied in 2006 along with other members of the Lentibulariaceae family. According to the study, prior to its publication the smallest known angiosperm (flowering plant) genome was that of Arabidopsis thaliana at 157 Megabase pairs (Mbp). With a diploid chromosome number of around 40 (2n = ca. 40), G. margaretae held the distinction of having the smallest known angiosperm genome size at 63.4 Mbp, just 0.2 Mbp lower than that of Genlisea aurea. Further research in 2014 found that a related species, Genlisea tuberosa has a smaller genome size at around 61 Mbp. The smallest individual chromatids from mitotic anaphase are just 2.1 Mbp and therefore have a size smaller than some bacterial chromosomes, such as the approximate 4 Mbp of Escherichia coli. G. margaretae and G. aurea also both appear to be polyploid species with the unusual circumstances of having a high chromosome number with extremely small chromosomes. Other species in the genus Genlisea and the family Lentibulariaceae have much lower chromosome numbers and larger genome sizes, affirming that one characteristic of this botanic family is rapid molecular evolution. G. margaretae in particular may be helpful in research aimed at understanding the mechanisms behind genome downsizing.
At least one natural hybrid among the African species that involves G. margaretae has been described. Genlisea margaretae × glandulosissima is a product of G. margaretae and G. glandulosissima.
Distribution and habitat
Genlisea margaretae is one of the several Genlisea species native to Southeast Africa. It has been discovered in Tanzania and Zambia and is the only Genlisea species reported to exist in Madagascar. Its typical oligotrophous habitat includes inselbergs, ferricretes, and swamps.
Carnivory
Genlisea margaretae, like all Genlisea species, is a carnivorous plant that attracts, traps, kills, and digests prey, which are typically protozoans. Evidence of this behavior had been postulated ever since Charles Darwin's time and has mostly relied on circumstantial findings of the occasional dead aquatic invertebrate in the utricle (digestion chamber). In 1975, however, British botanist Yolande Heslop-Harrison discovered digestive enzyme activity in G. africana. Later, in 1998, Wilhelm Barthlott and his colleagues concluded through experimentation that Genlisea attracts prey chemotactically, traps them in the corkscrew "lobster pot" trap, digests them with enzymes produced by the plant, and then absorbs the nutrients. This study represented the first conclusive evidence that G. margaretae was carnivorous.
Cultivation
According to Barry Rice in his 2006 book on carnivorous plants, G. margaretae is an easy terrestrial species to grow. Leaf and trap cuttings can easily produce new plant clones. G. margaretae requires high humidity and medium to bright lighting conditions with soil composition similar to that of other carnivorous plants, especially the terrestrial Utricularia species.
References
Carnivorous plants of Africa
Flora of Madagascar
Flora of Tanzania
Flora of Zambia
margaretae |
27146756 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lee%20McIntyre | Lee McIntyre | Lee Cameron McIntyre is a research fellow at the Center for Philosophy and History of Science at Boston University and an Instructor in Ethics at Harvard Extension School. He has published books and articles on the philosophy of the social sciences, as well as attempts to undermine science and the appropriate response to these attempts to scientists.
Early life and education
McIntyre earned a B.A. in philosophy of social science from Wesleyan University and an M.A. and Ph.D. in philosophy from the University of Michigan. McIntyre's doctoral dissertation was on the status of law-like explanations in the social sciences.
Career
McIntyre taught philosophy at Colgate University, Boston University, Tufts Experimental College, and Simmons College.
In addition, he taught at the Harvard Extension School, was Executive Director of the Institute for Quantitative Social Science at Harvard University, and served as a policy advisor to the Executive Dean of the Faculty of Arts and Sciences at Harvard.
McIntyre was an Associate Editor in the Research Department of the Federal Reserve Bank of Boston.
Body of work
McIntyre's books have been concerned with the nature of scientific knowledge generation and validation. These have included Explaining explanation, essays in the philosophy of the special sciences, Laws and explanation in the social sciences, Dark ages: the case for a science of human behavior, and Respecting truth: willful ignorance in the internet age.
In his 2018 book Post-Truth, he explores the environment and "atmosphere" surrounding the concept of post-truth. Carlos Lozada, reviewer for the Washington Post, stated of Post-Truth that McIntyre "convincingly tracks how intelligent-design proponents and later climate deniers drew from postmodernism to undermine public perceptions of evolution and climate change."
In his 2019 book, The Scientific Attitude: defending science from denial, fraud, and pseudoscience, McIntyre describes scientific thinking, and therefore the demarcation problem, as a willingness to revise an opinion after discovering new evidence. A scientific attitude refers a willingness to collect, and be open and skeptical about data collected, which distinguishes science from pseudoscience, scientific denialism and conspiracy theories. Publishers Weekly said that the book "articulates why the pursuit of scientific truths, even if inevitably flawed and subject to human error, matters." Harriet Hall reviewed the book for Skeptical Inquirer Magazine and writes that MacIntyre tries to explain science by explaining what it is not. He states that what the difference between what science is and it isn't is the "scientific attitude".
Essays and articles
McIntyre is the author of numerous philosophical essays that have appeared in Synthese, Philosophy of the Social Sciences, Teaching Philosophy, Perspectives on Science, Biology and Philosophy, Critica, and Theory and Decision, as well as articles that have appeared in The New York Times, The Times Higher Education Supplement, The Humanist, The Chronicle of Higher Education, and Regional Review. The assault on science was published in the Scientific American blog in 2019. The New Statesman published his article: Why Donald Trump and Vladimir Putin lie... and why they are so good at it.
McIntyre's article Flat Earthers and the Rise of Science Denial in America was reprinted as the cover story for the July 14, 2019, print edition of Newsweek.
Books edited
MacIntyre is the co-editor of three anthologies: Readings in the Philosophy of Social Science, Philosophy of Chemistry, and Philosophy of Chemistry, 2nd edition.
Presentations
Michael Shermer invited McIntyre to present on his program Science Salon # 77: The scientific attitude: defending science from denial, fraud, and pseudoscience. On March 17–20, 2021, McIntyre presented at the first Global Congress on Scientific Thinking and Action; in a presentation entitled Science Denialism, he discussed his conversations with flat earth believers, which would become the basis of his forthcoming book, How to Talk to a Science Denier. He stressed the importance of face-to-face conversations and gaining the trust of the people you are trying to convince.
Awards and recognition
Post-Truth was named book of the week by Fareed Zakaria of CNN.
Other works
McIntyre also writes suspense fiction. The Sin Eater is a thriller by McIntyre published in 2019.
Bibliography
References
External links
Lee C. McIntyre homepage
Climate Science in an Age of Misinformation. (YouTube Video) Lecture at University of Rhode Island
The Price Of Denialism. in New York Times
The attack on truth. in The Chronicle of Higher Education
Truth in an Era of Fake News - Harvard Humanist Club
Why Donald Trump and Vladimir Putin lie... and why they are so good at it
"The Roots of the Post-Truth Era," The Brian Lehrer Show (NPR)/ "The Roots of the Post-Truth Era," The Brian Lehrer Show (NPR)
"Fake News Feels Good," The Colin McEnroe Show (NPR)
Boston University faculty
Philosophers of science
20th-century American philosophers
University of Michigan alumni
Wesleyan University alumni
Living people
Philosophers of social science
Catlin Gabel School alumni
Year of birth missing (living people)
Harvard Extension School faculty |
54966207 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Shaun%20Donnellan | Shaun Donnellan | Shaun Donnellan (born 16 October 1996) is an English-born Irish professional footballer who plays as a midfielder for Torquay United.
Personal life
Donnellan was born in Barnet, Greater London, England, and attended St James' Catholic High School in Colindale. He is the son of former Chelsea, Fulham and Republic of Ireland U21 international Leo Donnellan. His uncle, Gary Donnellan, was also a professional footballer for Watford and his younger brother, Leo Jr., played in the National League for Dagenham & Redbridge.
Career
He started his career in the youth team at West Bromwich Albion where he started a two-year scholarship in June 2013. After two seasons playing for the under-21 side he signed his first professional contract in July 2015, signing a one-year deal. In December 2015, he was sent out on loan to National League North side Worcester City on a one-month loan deal. In January 2016, after four appearances and one goal against Corby Town, his loan was extended for a further month. In February 2016, his loan was later extended until the end of the season and Donnellan went on to make a total of sixteen appearances for Worcester, also playing alongside his brother Leo, scoring four goals as the club narrowly avoided relegation.
After his loan return he penned a new one-year contract in July 2016, with the option of a further year in the club's favour. Later in the month he joined EFL League Two side Stevenage on a loan deal until January 2017. At the end of August his loan was cancelled by Stevenage and he return to West Brom having not made a single first team appearance. In January 2017, he was sent out on loan again, joining National League side Dagenham & Redbridge on a three-month loan deal. He was a first team regular for Dagenham as they narrowly missed out on promotion in the play-offs to Forest Green Rovers, making a total of twenty-one appearances.
In June 2017, West Brom chose to take up the option of a further one-year contract extension after the successful loan spell at Dagenham. In August 2017, he was sent on a six-month loan to EFL League One side Walsall after he had impressed in a pre-season friendly against the Saddlers. He made his league debut in a 2–1 win over Oldham Athletic.
After making eleven appearances while on loan at Walsall he returned to his parent club West Brom, Donnellan then joined Yeovil Town on 27 January 2018 on a free transfer, signing an eighteen-month deal. On 8 January 2019, Donnellan left the Glovers after his contract was terminated by mutual consent.
On 31 January 2019, Donnellan signed for National League side Maidstone United.
On 13 July 2019, after impressing manager Alan Dowson in pre-season, Donnellan signed a deal with newly-promoted Woking. He played 32 times in the 2019-20 season, scoring two goals.
On 25 July 2020, Donnellan signed for Maidenhead United. He left the Magpies at the end of the 2021-22 season, after three goals in 43 games.
On 15 July 2022, Donnellan joined Torquay United.
International career
Donnellan is eligible for England and also the Republic of Ireland through his father's family. He received his first call-up for the Republic of Ireland under-19 side in September 2014 for a friendly match against the Netherlands. He replaced Fiacre Kelleher as a second-half substitute in the 1–0 win. A month later he made his second appearance in a 1–0 victory over Sweden. In March 2017 he received his first call-up to the under-21 side for a 2019 UEFA under-21 Championship qualifier against Kosovo, making his debut in a 1–0 victory.
Career statistics
References
External links
1996 births
Living people
Republic of Ireland men's association footballers
Footballers from the London Borough of Barnet
Republic of Ireland men's youth international footballers
English people of Irish descent
Men's association football defenders
West Bromwich Albion F.C. players
Worcester City F.C. players
Stevenage F.C. players
Dagenham & Redbridge F.C. players
Walsall F.C. players
Yeovil Town F.C. players
Maidstone United F.C. players
Woking F.C. players
Maidenhead United F.C. players
Torquay United F.C. players
English Football League players
National League (English football) players
English men's footballers |
4873306 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dungeon%20Magic | Dungeon Magic | Dungeon Magic, known as in Japan and Europe, is a video game released in arcades by Taito in 1994. The game is a beat 'em up with an isometric perspective and includes some platform gameplay. Blood and gore can be adjusted through a setting.
There are two European versions of the game: one uses the title Light Bringer, and the other Dungeon Magic. While sharing a name with Taito's earlier NES cartridge Dungeon Magic: Sword of the Elements, the two games are otherwise unrelated.
The game was re-released in the Taito Legends 2 collection.
Plot
An evil magician has brought an evil spirit back to life and is plotting to seize control of the kingdom, and has kidnapped the princess for use as a sacrifice. Four warriors venture into the world of magic to save the princess of the kingdom from the wicked magician: Ash the knight, Gren the roving warrior, Cisty the elf, whose whole family was destroyed by the evil spirit in the past, and the old magician Vold with the magic staff must now set off to save the princess.
Gameplay
In this game, up to four players can choose from four different characters: a knight, a martial artist, an elven archer and a wizard.
Consumable items: Collecting treasure gives experience points, and gaining levels slightly increases combo damage and shortens the charging time to perform a super attack (which is done by holding the attack button until the character glows yellow). Consuming food and drink items restores health, and picking up mice increases the chance to unleash a critical hit. Lastly, characters can pick up magical spheres which increase their ability to use their desperation attack.
Weapons and shields: There are three different elemental weapons (fire, ice and lightning) that deal increased damage against certain enemy types (for instance, fire weapons do extra damage against orc-type enemies). The starting weapon and the secret "power" weapon do not deal elemental damage but instead can inflict critical hits randomly; the "power weapon" increases damage and has a higher critical rate. Characters can also pick up and use single-use projectile weapons such as spears and throwing axes; the crossbow is unique in that it can be fired five times. There are five different shields that allow players to completely negate enemy attacks before breaking.
Items, weapons and shields can be found in barrels, crates, and treasure chests. However, players must be cautious to avoid traps, of which there are various kinds.
The enemies in the game are fairly standard for a fantasy-them game, including orcs, slimes, lizardmen, werewolves, carnivorous plants, harpies, and others. Bosses (known as Roomguarders) include demons, giant snakes, a spider-woman, and more. The game also features numerous branching paths that present different rooms and secret areas, but each path must be cleared against a time limit. If the player dawdles in an area too long, then ghosts will eventually appear and swarm the player as punishment. Players must play through the game multiple times to see all of the rooms available.
Characters
Ash has many weaknesses compared to few strengths. Some of his weaknesses are a slow attack speed and a vulnerable special attack that has a very limited usage. His strengths are high combo damage (although his means of achieving it are not as effective as the other characters) and the most useful throw in the game. His desperation attack has a long duration, but its effectiveness is negated by low damage and its knockdown feature on all creatures but the giant serpents (which put together lower its damage potential, except against the serpents). Furthermore, his dashing attack does not knock down on hit, leaving Ash without a single reliable attack that knocks down enemies. Ash is best used by experienced players looking for a challenge. Elemental swords affect Ash's combo, dashing attack, and special attack. The Jewel Star increases damage on the aforementioned attacks. Ash will blink white when his critical attack is triggered.
Gren is a balanced and powerful character. His special attack is useful, and benefits greatly from the decreased charging time from high experience levels, but it does not deal elemental damage. His combo attack can deal elemental damage, and is quick and excellent for performing infinite combos when stopped before the final attack; on the other hand, the final attack has a very high chance of unleashing a critical hit, especially with the Bare Knuckle gauntlets, for massive damage. Most importantly, Gren has the best dashing attack in the game; it hits multiple times, deals high damage, has excellent priority, and can deal elemental damage. Overall, Gren has no weaknesses and performs well throughout the entire game, and can even rival Vold once he gains the Bare Knuckle gauntlets. Elemental gauntlets affect Gren's combo and dashing attack. The Bare Knuckle increases damage on the aforementioned attacks. Gren's attack will unleash blue flames when his critical attack is triggered; he can critical hit with his combo and dashing attack.
Cisty is a prominently long range fighter who also performs well in other areas. Her combo, as with Ash, is slow to come out but is effective when it fully connects; both Ash and Cisty have slow and risky infinite combos, and thus may have more problems against certain bosses. Furthermore, Cisty's combo does not benefit from elemental damage and does not get enhanced damage with her "power" weapon. Cisty's bomb attack can potentially hit every enemy on screen, but is very inconsistent and leaves her vulnerable afterward. Her throw is especially dangerous to use as it leaves her widely vulnerable. Cisty's strength lies in her ranged special attack which allows her to safely pick off enemies before they can reach her; however, the attack does not hit multiple enemies, unless they overlap, and thus must be used in conjunction with her slide attack to keep enemies at range. Her biggest weakness is against enemies that are too low or short to hit with arrows, such as the giant serpent, the toad enemies, and the wolf enemies. Overall, Cisty is a much improved Ash as she is superior in most aspects, but many of her moves leave her vulnerable. Elemental bows only affect Cisty's arrow attack. The Strong Bow only increases the damage of her arrow attacks. Cisty's critical ability is different from the rest of the cast; it ONLY affects her special (NOT super) attack - it allows her to randomly fire off a super attack when using a normal special attack.
Vold is the most powerful character in the game. His bomb attack is the most effective, covering excellent range, doing excellent damage, and being able to hit enemies twice due to its long duration. Vold alone has unique special attacks for each elemental weapon: some, such as the fire, ice, and holy staff, are much better than the others. The holy staff is the ultimate weapon in the game, allowing the powerful Vold to become nigh unstoppable. Due to his immensely overpowered special attacks, Vold is the easiest character to beat the game with. Vold's only weakness is his throw. His low combo damage is negated by the fact that he is the easiest character to perform infinite combos with, as his first combo attack has the least startup and lag. Vold is the most effective character in the game whether he is used by beginners or experts alike.
Reception
In Japan, Game Machine listed Dungeon Magic on their April 15, 1994 issue as being the seventh most-successful table arcade unit of the month.
References
External links
Dungeon Magic at arcade-history
1994 video games
Arcade video games
Cooperative video games
Taito beat 'em ups
Taito F3 System games
Video games developed in Japan
Video games featuring female protagonists
Video games with isometric graphics
Multiplayer and single-player video games |
6514102 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Eric%20O%27Flaherty | Eric O'Flaherty | Eric George O'Flaherty (born February 5, 1985) is an American former professional baseball pitcher. He played in Major League Baseball (MLB) for the Seattle Mariners, Atlanta Braves, Oakland Athletics, and New York Mets.
O'Flaherty was the first reliever in MLB history to record an earned run average below 1.00 with at least 70 appearances in a season, and was the first pitcher in Mariners franchise history to begin his MLB career with seven consecutive wins.
Early career
O'Flaherty graduated from Walla Walla High School in Walla Walla, Washington. As a senior at Walla Walla High School, he had a 5–2 win–loss record, an earned run average (ERA) of 1.99, and 83 strikeouts. He earned Pitcher of the Year honors in the Big Nine Conference. The Seattle Mariners selected O'Flaherty in the sixth round of the 2003 Major League Baseball Draft. He was the 176th pick overall. He was the first player since Drew Bledsoe was drafted that went to Walla Walla High School. As of 2022 he is currently an assistant baseball coach at Walla Walla High School
Professional career
Minor leagues
O'Flaherty quickly made his way through the Mariners' minor league affiliate teams. He started 2006 with the Single-A Inland Empire 66ers where he had a 3.45 ERA and struck out 33 batters in 16 relief appearances. On May 27, he moved to the Doulble-A San Antonio Missions where he had a record of 2–2 with an ERA of 1.14 and seven saves in 25 games. He moved again that same season to the Triple-A Tacoma Rainiers on August 9; he would stay with them until his August 16 appearance with the Mariners. His combined minor league record in 2006 was 3–3 with a 2.01 ERA, eight saves, and 73 strikeouts in 43 games.
Seattle Mariners
O'Flaherty made his debut in the major leagues on August 16, 2006, against the Oakland Athletics. He pitched 2/3 of an inning, faced 4 batters, allowed one hit, one walk, and got his first strikeout in the major leagues.
On the same day of O'Flaherty's debut, the Seattle Times reported that his "big-league visit was too short to qualify as a cup of coffee". The night before he had flown in from Triple-A Tacoma in order to replace a seemingly injured Rafael Soriano. When O'Flaherty arrived, Soriano convinced coaches he was healthy enough to remain on the Mariners' roster, so O'Flaherty was sidelined out of uniform for the rest of the night. The next day, however, infielder Greg Dobbs was returned to Triple-A, allowing O'Flaherty to pitch his first major league game.
During his debut season in 2006, O'Flaherty faced some challenges: however, his pitching became more refined in the 2007 season and O'Flaherty quickly become a mainstay relief pitcher for the Mariners. Things went downhill for him in 2008. In 7 games for the Mariners, O'Flaherty gave up 15 earned runs for a 20.25 ERA and was optioned to the minors.
Atlanta Braves
On November 20, 2008, O'Flaherty was claimed off waivers by the Atlanta Braves.
On April 7, 2009, O'Flaherty made his Braves debut, pitching 1 and 1/3 scoreless innings and allowing one hit. He spent the entire 2009 season on the active roster and finished the year with a 3.04 ERA, a 1.243 WHIP, and a 39-to-18 strikeout-to-walk ratio in 56 and 1/3 innings. O'Flaherty was particularly effective against left-handed batters, who hit only .215 and posted a .270 on base average and a .290 slugging average off of him.
O'Flaherty served as an important part of the Braves bullpen during the 2011 season where he pitched primarily during the 7th inning. Along with Craig Kimbrel and Jonny Venters, the three formed the back end of the Braves bullpen. As of August 21, 2011 the trio had three of the six lowest ERAs in the NL. In fact, O'Flaherty became the first pitcher ever to post a sub-1.00 ERA in 70 or more appearances.
In January 2012, the Braves and O'Flaherty agreed on a 1-year deal worth $2.49 million, that nearly tripled O'Flaherty's previous salary of $895,000. O'Flaherty performed well in the 2012 season playing 64 games with a 3-0 and a 1.73 ERA.
O'Flaherty was placed on the disabled list on May 18, 2013, due to a left elbow strain. An MRI revealed that there was a torn UCL in his left elbow. O'Flaherty underwent Tommy John surgery on May 21, 2013, and was knocked out for the rest of the 2013 season.
Oakland Athletics
O'Flaherty signed a two-year contract with the Oakland Athletics on January 22, 2014.
In 2015, O'Flaherty spent time on the 15-day disabled list. He was activated from the DL on June 2. After struggling to a 5.91 ERA for the A's, O'Flaherty was designated for assignment on August 1.
New York Mets
The New York Mets acquired O'Flaherty and cash considerations for a player to be named later, minor league pitcher Darwin Frias, on August 4, 2015. He pitched in many relief appearances throughout the regular season, and made the postseason roster. He subsequently became a free agent.
Second stint with Braves
O'Flaherty signed a minor league deal with the Pittsburgh Pirates on February 11, 2016. On March 27, he was traded to the Atlanta Braves. O'Flaherty pitched to a 6.91 ERA in 39 games, and spent two stints on the disabled list, the first time for a strained knee. He returned to the DL for on August 19 with neuritis, ending his season. The Braves resigned O'Flaherty to a minor league contract in December. He was released on July 21, 2017, to create room for Anthony Recker who had his contract purchased.
Pitching style
O'Flaherty's main weapon was a sinker in the low 90s that he threw about half the time. He complemented the sinker with a four-seam fastball, a slider in the mid 80s, and a changeup in the mid 80s. His pitch selection did not vary greatly between right-handed and left-handed hitters, although lefties tended to see fewer sinkers and more sliders. O'Flaherty often favored the slider when he was ahead in the count.
References
External links
O'Flaherty's Minor League stats
1985 births
Living people
Baseball players from Seattle
Sportspeople from Walla Walla, Washington
Major League Baseball pitchers
Seattle Mariners players
Atlanta Braves players
Oakland Athletics players
New York Mets players
Arizona League Mariners players
Everett AquaSox players
Wisconsin Timber Rattlers players
Inland Empire 66ers players
Tacoma Rainiers players
San Antonio Missions players
West Tennessee Diamond Jaxx players
Gwinnett Braves players
Stockton Ports players
Sacramento River Cats players
Nashville Sounds players
Walla Walla High School alumni |
2456034 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hayyim%20ben%20Joseph%20Vital | Hayyim ben Joseph Vital | Hayyim ben Joseph Vital (; Safed, October 23, 1542 (Julian calendar) and October 11, 1542 (Gregorian Calendar) – Damascus, 23 April 1620) was a rabbi in Safed and the foremost disciple of Isaac Luria. He recorded much of his master's teachings. After Vital's death, his writings began to spread and led to a "powerful impact on various circles throughout the Jewish world."
Early life
Born in Safed, as a young boy Hayyim Vital was educated by the scholar Moshe Alshich. Joseph Karo is said to have paid special attention to Vital's early talents and in 1557 requested that Alshich take special care in his education as he was destined to succeed his teacher in the world of Torah study. That same year, Vital first became acquainted with the kabbalist Isaac Luria, who would have a lasting influence on him.
Vital apparently married at a young age. It was an unhappy marriage, and when he left his wife, the prophet Elijah appeared to him in a dream and led him to a beautiful garden, where he saw the pious of all ages, in the form of birds, flying through the garden and studying the Mishnah. In the center of the garden was God seated on a throne that was surrounded by the pious, resting on elaborate tapestries. Convinced by this vision that he was destined to become a kabbalist, Vital devoted the following two and a half years to the study of alchemy. Upon completing his studies, Elijah appeared to him again in a vision and told him that he would succeed in his efforts and write a commentary on the Zohar.
Study with Cordovero
When Luria arrived in Safed, Rabbi Moses ben Jacob Cordovero had been the principal figure in the kabbalistic community for numerous years. "Cordovero was the teacher of what appears to have been a relatively loose knit circle of disciples. The most important were Elijah de Vidas, Abraham Galante, Moses Galante, Hayyim Vital, Abraham ben Eliezer ha-Levi Berukhim, Elazar ben Moshe Azikri, Samuel Gallico, and an important kabbalist who studied with Cordovero for a short while in the 1560s, Mordechai Dato."
There's evidence to suggest that Isaac Luria also regarded Moses Cordovero as his teacher. Joseph Sambari (1640-1703), an Egyptian chronicler, testified that Cordovero was 'the Ari's teacher for a very short time.' Luria probably arrived in early 1570, and Cordovero died on June 27 that year (the 23d day of Tammuz). Bereft of their most prominent authority and teacher, the kabbalists looked for new guidance, and Isaac Luria helped fill the vacuum left by Cordovero's passing.
Student of Isaac Luria
In 1570 Vital became a student of Isaac Luria, the foremost kabbalist of the day. In a study of Lurianic mysticism, Lawrence Fine writes:
Vital provides us with the names of 38 individuals who according to him, made up Luria's discipleship... According to him, the fellowship was divided into four hierarchically ordered groups. The first and most important, was composed of 11 men, listed in this order: Hayyim Vital, Jonathan Sagis, Joseph Arzin, Isaac Kohen, Gedaliah ha-Levi, Samuel Uceda, Judah Mishan, Abraham Gavriel, Shabbatai Menashe, Joseph ibn Tabul, and Elijah Falko (or Falkon).
It is largely accepted that within a year Hayyim Vital emerged as the leading student, so that when the Arizal died in 1572, at the age of 38, Vital succeeded him. Since the Arizal had left almost none of his teachings in writing, Vital began to write down everything he had learned from his master.
Exile and return
Hayyim Vital arrived in Egypt in 1577, but soon returned to Ottoman Syria, settling in the village of Ein Zeitim (near Safed), and later in Jerusalem. After that he went to live in Damascus, where he became the head of the Sicilian Jewish community
In Damascus he began writing his first work of his own. The greater part of the book consists of an exposition on the conjuring of clouds and a discourse on the seven wandering stars (planets), the Seven Heavens, and their corresponding metals. Upon completing his book, Vital returned to Jerusalem, where his former teacher, Moshe Alshich, ordained him "in the 1590s." After a time, however, Vital left Jerusalem for Safed, where he fell sick and was bedridden for an entire year.
He also authored Shaar HaGilgulim, a kabbalistic work on reincarnation, which became one of the Shemonah She'arim (see below).
Etz Hayyim
During this illness Rabbi Yehoshua, his closest follower, who had accompanied Vital on nearly every journey, and managed to bribe Vital's younger brother, Rabbi Moshe, with 500 gold coins to lend him Vital's writings, which were kept locked in a box. Rabbi Moshe accordingly brought Yehoshua a large part of the manuscripts, and 100 copyists were immediately engaged: in just three days, they were able to reproduce more than 600 pages. Although according to some reports Vital, upon learning of this, claimed that the papers which has been copied were not his own writings, they were rapidly disseminated. The writings in question purported to contain the teachings of Luria rather than Vital's independent work.
The first printed edition was in eight volumes, known as the Shemonah She'arim, and this version is still used by some Kabbalists in the Sephardi world. The best known recension was published later under the title Etz Hayyim ("Tree of Life"), in which the topics were arranged in a more systematic order, and the parts on ritual (the Peri Etz Hayyim) were kept separate from the parts on the underlying theology. In addition to a tribute to Luria, the work contains the assertion that it is one of God's greatest pleasures to witness the promotion of the teaching of the Kabbalah, since this alone can assure the coming of the Jewish Messiah.
However, Vital still held the teachings of his former teacher, kabbalist Moses Cordovero, in high esteem. He maintained that Cordovero often appeared to him in dreams.
One of the most prominent of Vital's opponents was Menahem Lonzano, who publicly denounced him in his work Imrei Emet.
Later life and death
On 20 Elul 1590, Vital received rabbinical ordination from his teacher Moshe Alshich. Four years later, in 1594, he settled permanently in Damascus, where he lectured every evening on the kabbalah. In 1604 Vital's sight began to fail; in 1620 he died while preparing to return to Safed. He was 77.
Notes
References
Hayyim ben Joseph Vital, The Tree of Life: Chayyim Vital's Introduction to the Kabbalah of Isaac Luria - The Palace of Adam Kadmon. Translated and with an introduction by Donald Wilder Menzi and Zwe Padeh. Northvale, N.J. and Jerusalem: Jason Aronson, 1999. This is a translation of the first volume of Luria's “Etz Chaim”; the introduction by the translators gives a general overview of the Lurianic system.
External links
Shaarei Kedushah - Gates of Holiness in English
Works of Rabbi Chaim Vital
Introduction by Chaim Vital (Hebrew)
Sefer Gilgulim
Great Leaders of our People - Rabbi Chaim Vital
Encyclopædia Britannica articles
1542 births
1620 deaths
16th-century rabbis from the Ottoman Empire
17th-century rabbis from the Ottoman Empire
Jewish mysticism
Kabbalists
Isaac Luria
Rabbis in Safed
Rabbis in Ottoman Galilee
Sephardi rabbis from Ottoman Palestine |
1702921 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Terminal%20value%20%28finance%29 | Terminal value (finance) | In finance, the terminal value (also known as “continuing value” or “horizon value” or "TV") of a security is the present value at a future point in time of all future cash flows when we expect stable growth rate forever. It is most often used in multi-stage discounted cash flow analysis, and allows for the limitation of cash flow projections to a several-year period; see Forecast period (finance).
Forecasting results beyond such a period is impractical and exposes such projections to a variety of risks limiting their validity, primarily the great uncertainty involved in predicting industry and macroeconomic conditions beyond a few years.
Thus, the terminal value allows for the inclusion of the value of future cash flows occurring beyond a several-year projection period while satisfactorily mitigating many of the problems of valuing such cash flows.
The terminal value is calculated in accordance with a stream of projected future free cash flows in discounted cash flow analysis.
For whole-company valuation purposes, there are two methodologies used to calculate the Terminal Value.
Perpetuity Growth Model
The Perpetuity Growth Model accounts for the value of free cash flows that continue growing at an assumed constant rate in perpetuity;
essentially, a geometric series which returns the value of a series of growing future cash flows
(see Dividend discount model #Derivation of equation).
Here, the projected free cash flow in the first year beyond the projection horizon (N+1) is used.
This value is then divided by the discount rate minus the assumed perpetuity growth rate
(see Sustainable growth rate #From a financial perspective ):
D0 = Cash flows at a future point in time which is immediately prior to N+1, or at the end of period N, which is the final year in the projection period.
k = Discount Rate.
g = Growth Rate.
T0 is the value of future cash flows; here dividends. When the valuation is based on free cash flow to firm then the formula becomes ,
where the discount rate is correspondingly the weighted average cost of capital.
To determine the present value of the terminal value, one must discount its value at T0 by a factor equal to the number of years included in the initial projection period.
If N is the 5th and final year in this period, then the Terminal Value is divided by (1 + k)5 (or WACC). The Present Value of the Terminal Value is then added to the PV of the free cash flows in the projection period to arrive at an implied enterprise value.
If the growth rate in perpetuity is not constant, a multiple-stage terminal value is calculated. The terminal growth rate can be negative, if the company in question is assumed to disappear in the future.
Exit Multiple Approach
The Exit or Terminal Multiple Approach assumes a business will be sold at the end of the projection period. Valuation analytics are determined for various operating statistics using comparable acquisitions. A frequently used terminal multiple is Enterprise Value/EBITDA or EV/EBITDA. The analysis of comparable acquisitions will indicate an appropriate range of multiples to use. The multiple is then applied to the projected EBITDA in Year N, which is the final year in the projection period. This provides a future value at the end of Year N. The terminal value is then discounted using a factor equal to the number of years in the projection period. If N is the 5th and final year in this period, then the Terminal Value is divided by (1+k)5. The Present Value of the Terminal Value is then added to the PV of the free cash flows in the projection period to arrive at an implied Enterprise Value. Note that if publicly traded comparable company multiples must be used, the resulting implied enterprise value will not reflect a control premium. Depending on the purposes of the valuation, this may not provide an appropriate reference range.
Comparison of methodologies
There are several important differences between the two approaches.
The Perpetuity Growth Model has several inherent characteristics that make it intellectually challenging. Because both the discount rate and growth rate are assumptions, inaccuracies in one or both inputs can provide an improper value. The difference between the two values in the denominator determines the terminal value, and even with appropriate values for both, the denominator may result in a multiplying effect that does not estimate an accurate terminal value. Also, the perpetuity growth rate assumes that free cash flow will continue to grow at a constant rate into perpetuity. Consider that a perpetuity growth rate exceeding the annualized growth of the S&P 500 and/or the U.S. GDP implies that the company's cash flow will outpace and eventually absorb these rather large values. Perhaps the greatest disadvantage to the Perpetuity Growth Model is that it lacks the market-driven analytics employed in the Exit Multiple Approach. Such analytics result in a terminal value based on operating statistics present in a proven market for similar transactions. This provides a certain level of confidence that the valuation accurately depicts how the market would value the company in reality.
On the other hand, the Exit Multiple approach must be used carefully, because multiples change over time. Simply applying the current market multiple ignores the possibility that current multiples may be high or low by historical standards. In addition, it is important to note that at a given discount rate, any exit multiple implies a terminal growth rate and conversely any terminal growth rate implies an exit multiple. When using the Exit Multiple approach it is often helpful to calculate the implied terminal growth rate, because a multiple that may appear reasonable at first glance can actually imply a terminal growth rate that is unrealistic.
In practice, academics tend to use the Perpetuity Growth Model, while investment bankers favor the Exit Multiple approach. Ultimately, these methods are two different ways of saying the same thing. For both terminal value approaches, it is essential to use a range of appropriate discount rates, exit multiples and perpetuity growth rates in order to establish a functional valuation range.
See also
Intrinsic Value
Asset retirement obligation
Business valuation
Cost of capital
Net present value
PVGO
Terminal value (accounting)
External links
Closure in Valuation: Estimating Terminal Value, Prof. Aswath Damodaran, Stern School of Business
Terminal Value (Columbia Business School Research Paper No. 18-12), Prof. Doron Nissim, Columbia Business School
References
Securities (finance)
Fundamental analysis
Valuation (finance) |
28045637 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dhimit%C3%ABr%20Anagnosti | Dhimitër Anagnosti | Dhimitër Anagnosti (born 23 January 1936) is an Albanian film director of the 20th century. He was a member of the Parliament of Albania in the 1990s and a Minister of Culture, Youth and Sports. For his contribution in film, he received the People's Artist of Albania medal. In 2011, former president Bamir Topi accredited him the "Honor of the Nation" order, .
Early life
Anagnosti was born on January 23, 1936, in Vuno, a village in the Himara municipality, District of Vlorë Albania. After graduating the Ali Demi high school in Vlorë, he pursued his studies and graduated as a film director in Gerasimov Institute of Cinematography of Moscow.
In 1961, along with Viktor Gjika, Anagnosti directed the film, Njeriu kurrë nuk vdes (), using as a script a short story from American writer, Ernest Hemingway. The work earned him First Prize in the World's Festival of Cinematographic Schools, in the Netherlands.
Career
He started to work as a cineast within Kinostudio Shqipëria e Re in 1961, with the film, Debatik in 1961 and subsequently with the film Toka jonë () in 1964. He is also the writer of the first Albanian color documentary, Gurët dekorativë (). In 1966 Anagnosti co-directed, with Viktor Gjika, Komisari i dritës (), and a year later he directed Duel i heshtur ().
Overall he has directed 14 films and 10 documentaries, and has won many national and international prizes. He is also the screenwriter of most of the films he directs.
For his extraordinary performance of some of the best Albanian films, he has been given the title Merited Artist of Albania, and in 1987, People's Artist of Albania. During the communist rule of Albania, however, many of his works were censored. He won the Cup to the Carrier in the Ninth Festival of the Albanian Film.
Political career
Between 1991-1996, Anagnosti was involved in politics. He was elected Member of the Albanian Parliament as a deputy of the Democratic Party of Albania. On April 12, 1992, he took over the post of Minister of Culture, Youth and Sports. He resigned on December 4, 1994. The reasons for his resignation were that Sali Berisha, then President of Albania, had not recognized the negative result of a popular referendum for a new constitution as his own political failure, and had not resigned himself.
Return to art
After leaving politics, Anagnosti created the Foundation for Art and Culture, endorsing the most active artists and contributing to the enhancement of Albanian culture and its international exposure. Among other things, this foundation has enabled the publication of 160 books.
In 2001 Anagnosti returned to his directing skills after many years of absence. For the National Theater of Albania, he directed the stage drama, "Nata e trokitjeve në xham" (). In 2005 he also directed a film, Gjoleka, djali i Abazit (): The film won two international prizes in Italy.
Personal life
He is married to the Albanian actress Roza Anagnosti (Xhuxha), a Merited Artist of Albania.
Film direction
The following is a list of films directed by Anagnosti.
Gjoleka i biri i Abazit (2006) ()
Kthimi i ushtrisë së vdekur (1989) ()
Përralle Nga e Kaluara (1987) ()
Gurët e shtëpisë sime (1985) ()
Kujtime nga Gjirokastra (1983) ()
Vëllezër dhe shokë (1982) ()
Në shtepinë tonë (1979) ()
Monumenti (film)|Monumenti (1977) ()
Lulëkuqet mbi mure (1976) ()
Kur hiqen maskat (1975) ()
Cuca e maleve (1974) ()
Përjetësi (1974) ()
Motive nga dita e diel (1973) ()
Malet me blerim mbuluar (1971) ()
Parafabrikatet (1970) ()
Plagë të vjetra (1968) ()
Duel i heshtur (1967) ()
Komisari i dritës (1966) ()
Njeriu kurrë nuk vdes (1961) ()
References
Albanian film directors
Albanian cinematographers
1936 births
Living people
Albanian screenwriters
People from Himara
Members of the Parliament of Albania
Democratic Party of Albania politicians
Culture ministers of Albania
Sports ministers of Albania
Youth ministers of Albania
People's Artists of Albania
Gerasimov Institute of Cinematography alumni |
2026932 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pukaskwa%20National%20Park | Pukaskwa National Park | Pukaskwa National Park ( ) is a national park located south of the town of Marathon, Ontario in the Thunder Bay District of northern Ontario, Canada. Established in 1978, Pukaskwa is known for its vistas of Lake Superior and boreal forests. The park covers an area of , and protects part of the longest undeveloped shoreline anywhere on the Great Lakes.
The Hattie Cove Campground is located at the north end of the park and can be accessed via Highway 627, the only road access into the park. There are also a number of backcountry campsites located along the 60 km Coastal Hiking Trail which follows the north shore of Lake Superior. The Coastal Hiking Trail has two suspension bridges; one across the White River at Chigaamiwinigum and one across the Willow River. The Coastal Hiking Trail is part of the long-distance Voyageur Hiking Trail. Backcountry campsites are also located along the Coastal Paddling Route, the White River, and the Pukaskwa River. In 2017, the 24 km Mdaabii Miikna ("go to shore trail" in Ojibwe) was opened as a shorter backcountry alternative to the Coastal Hiking trail. It follows the coastline of Lake Superior in the sheltered Picture Rock Harbour.
Puskaskwa is an Indigenous word with a debatable meaning. Its possible meanings include "eaters of fish," "something evil," or "safe harbour." However, the Ojibway and Cree nations maintain "Pukasu" is the correct spelling. "The word "Pukasu" describes what people do when they cook the marrow inside the bones of animals. Remnants of a carcass are thrown into an open fire and left until any remaining meat has all burned away leaving the marrow cooked.
Flora
Pukaskwa National Park is located in the heart of Canada's boreal forest ecozone. Common tree species in this area include black spruce, white spruce, jack pine, trembling aspen, Eastern white cedar, and white birch. Many plants that grow inside Pukaskwa National Park are typically found in Arctic alpine regions, including encrusted saxifrage, birds-eye primrose, and butterwort. Pukaskwa is home to the northernmost populations of Pitcher's thistle in Canada, with four colonies of the plant existing and self-sustaining on the coastal dune areas within the park. Other rare plant species include Franklin's lady-slipper and mountain huckleberry. Many plants within Pukaskwa also have medicinal and ethnobotanical uses. Eastern white cedar, Labrador-tea, and Chaga all grow within Pukaskwa's area and can be boiled into tea for physical and spiritual health. Pukaskwa is also home to numerous lichen and moss species, including sphagnum, reindeer moss, and lungwort species.
Fauna
Black bears, moose, beavers, peregrine falcons, river otters, lynx and timber wolves are found in this park. The park is also home to bald eagles. There was also a small population of woodland caribou but their numbers declined from 30 caribou in the 1970s to about four in 2012 mainly due to wolf predation.
In early 2017, after previous failures to locate any remaining caribou, researchers turned to advanced thermal imaging technology to survey the area for caribou. This survey revealed caribou are now extirpated from this park.
Cougar may also be in the park, but numbers are not yet known.
Climate
The park has a humid continental climate (Dfb) under the Köppen climate classification that is strongly influenced by Lake Superior.
Rivers in the park include the:
Pukaskwa River
Cascade River
North Swallow River
Swallow River
White River
Willow River
The Pic River enters Lake Superior just north of the park.
The highest point in the park is the peak of Tip Top Mountain which rises to 641 meters / 2106 feet.
Thousand year old rock structures known as Pukaskwa Pits which were created by the original inhabitants of this area can be found on many of the park's cobblestone beaches.
The most recent State of the Park Report for Pukaskwa National Park was published in 2008.
See also
National Parks of Canada
List of National Parks of Canada
External links
Official Parks Canada site
Watch the short documentary by Bill Mason Pukaskwa National Park
2008 State of the Park Report
Footnotes
References
Pukaskwa National Parks’ population has "declined from approximately 30 caribou in the 1970s to an estimated four currently, largely due to predation by wolves and possibly black bears."
National parks in Ontario
Parks in Algoma District
Protected areas established in 1978
Parks in Thunder Bay District |
7919031 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Denis%20Leamy | Denis Leamy | Denis Patrick Leamy (born 27 November 1981) is an Irish former rugby union player who is currently part of the coaching team with Munster. He was a back-row forward who could play either flanker or at number 8, and occasionally played at centre. He ended his club rugby career for Munster in the Pro12 and Heineken Cup, and internationally for Ireland. He officially announced his retirement in May 2012 due to a long-standing hip injury.
Schools career
Leamy's first sport was hurling and he initially dreamed of following in the footsteps of his heroes Nicky English or Pat Fox. He played for his local GAA side, Boherlahan-Dualla, where his early physical strength was noted. His initial introduction to rugby was somewhat accidental, and occurred when he accompanied his two brothers, Ed and Kev, along to a trial game with his local rugby club, Cashel RFC. He harboured some initial reservations, but despite that he joined in the game and kept going back to play at the club.
A neighbour and family friend recommended that he change schools to join Rockwell College, a school heavily focused on rugby. Leamy gave up on hurling when he was 18, concentrating instead on rugby and a possible professional career.
Leamy enrolled in Rockwell College when he was 15. In his first year there, he was heavily involved in their successful march on the Munster Schools Junior Cup in 1997. He played for Rockwell Senior Cup Team for three years, the first of which he played at inside centre, before switching back to his more favoured backrow position of number 8. During this time, he was called to Clongowes for trials for the Ireland Schools team and ended up playing a key role in the Irish Schools' tour of Australia in 2000 when they won all eight games.
Under-21 international honours
Leamy acquired a reputation after an incident with a player from Old Belvedere. A second incident resulted in a citation and a suspension, and it was due to this citing that Leamy missed an U21 game against Wales. Leamy captained the side in their final match against France. Leamy moved on from his international schools career to be picked for the Ireland U21 team, where he was capped. He was involved in another incident, again being cited, and this citation meant that Leamy was banned from attending the U21 World Cup. Leamy's temper was given further ammunition during the same season when he was playing for UCC in Division 2 of the AIL. Leamy was cited and punished for an incident in a game against Terenure College RFC, before returning that year.
Provincial honours
After finishing school in Rockwell, Leamy went to CIT to study Leisure Management, and started to play for UCC in the second division of the AIL. Declan Kidney brought him into the Munster setup on a development contract and he was awarded his first Munster cap at the age of 19. In the 2003/2004 season, Leamy moved from a development contract to a full-time contract.
The highlights of Leamy's career with Munster is undoubtedly winning the Heineken Cup twice, first in 2006 and then again in 2008, scoring a try in the final. He was also the province's top try scorer in the 2006/2007 season with 7 tries. He captained Munster for part of the 2010–11 season in the absence of Paul O'Connell.
Senior international honours
Leamy was selected in the Ireland Squad in November 2004. He played against the US Eagles, and played at Number 8 for Ireland for the first time in a 7–45 drubbing by New Zealand. In the following year, Leamy made his Six Nations debut against Italy, this time in the number 7 jersey.
As Leamy was not selected for the 2009 British and Irish Lions tour of South Africa, he played in Ireland's 2009 Summer Tests. He played against Australia and Fiji in the 2009 November Tests before injury ruled him out of the remaining match against South Africa. He missed the 2010 Six Nations and Summer Tests through injury, but returned to play against Samoa, New Zealand and Argentina in the 2010 November Tests. He played in four of Ireland's 2011 Six Nations games, and won his 50th cap for Ireland when he came on as a replacement against England in March 2011. Leamy was selected in Ireland's training squad for the 2011 World Cup warm-ups in August, and was also selected in the final 30-man squad to travel to New Zealand.
A hip injury ruled Leamy out of action for four months in January 2012, meaning he missed selection for the 2012 Six Nations Championship.
Retirement
Leamy announced his retirement from rugby on 22 May 2012, due to a hip injury suffered during the 2011–12 season.
Speaking at the announcement, Leamy said:
Coaching
Following his retirement, Leamy moved into coaching, working with Rockwell College, Garryowen and Munster's underage teams, as well as spending time as Cashel RFC's head coach and Clonmel RFC head coach. He was also part of the backroom team for the Tipperary side that won the 2016 All-Ireland Senior Hurling Championship Final. Leamy joined Leinster Rugby as an elite player development officer in October 2019, and joined the Ireland national under-20 rugby union team as their forwards coach in January 2021. He was promoted to Leinster's senior coaching team as a contact skills coach in October 2021. Leamy returned to his home province Munster to take up the defence coach role vacated by JP Ferreira on a three-year contract from the 2022–23 season.
Personal life
Leamy married Gráinne Brosnahan, his partner of three years, in September 2013.
Statistics
International analysis by opposition
Correct as of 5 July 2017
References
External links
Munster Profile
Ireland Profile
1981 births
Living people
People from Cashel, County Tipperary
Rugby union players from County Tipperary
People educated at Rockwell College
Irish rugby union players
University College Cork RFC players
Munster Rugby players
Ireland international rugby union players
Munster Rugby captains
Munster Rugby non-playing staff
Rugby union number eights
Rugby union flankers
Rugby union centres
2007 Rugby World Cup players
2011 Rugby World Cup players |
104729 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Newbern%2C%20Alabama | Newbern, Alabama | Newbern is a town in Hale County, Alabama, United States. As of the 2020 census, the population of the town was 133.
History
The community was named for New Bern, North Carolina. It incorporated in 1854.
The Rural Studio of Auburn University is based in Newbern; its architecture student practitioners work under the supervision of faculty on designing and building affordable housing and similar projects to support the population of rural areas in Alabama.
Mayoral dispute
In November 2020, a controversy arose as the only candidate to file for the mayoral election, Patrick Braxton, was obstructed from assuming office by the previous officeholder (Woody Stokes III) and the town council. It is alleged that a proper election has not been held in Newbern in decades, with the mayorship being passed from "one friend to another". As of June 2023, Stokes remains the acting mayor, with Braxton unable to carry out any duties. In response, Braxton filed a federal civil rights suit, arguing that the actions of the town council constitute racial disenfranchisement. This is further compounded by the fact that despite being a majority black town, executive offices in Newbern have historically been exclusively held by white people.
Geography
Newbern is located at (32.594818, -87.535431).
According to the U.S. Census Bureau, the town has a total area of , all land.
The town is located in the geographic region known as the Black Belt, related to the fertile soil which attracted developers of cotton plantations in the antebellum years, and also to the population of enslaved African Americans who worked at those sites. Many areas of the rural Black Belt are still majority African American in population.
Demographics
2020 census
Newbern is part of the Tuscaloosa, Alabama Metropolitan Statistical Area.
2000 census
As of the census of 2000, there were 231 people, 91 households, and 59 families residing in the town. The population density was . There were 110 housing units at an average density of . The racial makeup of the town was 22.94% White and 77.06% Black or African American.
There were 91 households, out of which 38.5% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 37.4% were married couples living together, 25.3% had a female householder with no husband present, and 34.1% were non-families. 33.0% of all households were made up of individuals, and 19.8% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.54 and the average family size was 3.28.
In the town, the population was spread out, with 32.0% under the age of 18, 6.5% from 18 to 24, 26.0% from 25 to 44, 18.6% from 45 to 64, and 16.9% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 34 years. For every 100 females, there were 83.3 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 80.5 males.
The median income for a household in the town was $20,682, and the median income for a family was $31,042. Males had a median income of $25,625 versus $11,875 for females. The per capita income for the town was $9,476. About 17.5% of families and 31.4% of the population were below the poverty line, including 40.0% of those under the age of eighteen and 33.3% of those 65 or over.
Notable people
Frank Allen, former Major League Baseball player
Anthony Bryant, former NFL player
Herb Jones, NBA player
Henry Watson, Jr., owned a cotton plantation in Newbern
Gallery
The below photographs were taken in Newbern as part of the Historic American Buildings Survey in the 1930s:
References
External links
Rural Studio
"He became the first Black mayor of Newbern, Alabama. A white minority locked him out of town hall. Now, Mayor Patrick Braxton has filed a federal lawsuit he hopes will make things right." by Lee Hedgepeth in "Tread", June 5, 2023
Towns in Hale County, Alabama
Towns in Alabama
Tuscaloosa, Alabama metropolitan area
1854 establishments in Alabama
Populated places established in 1854 |
261023 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The%20Sweetest%20Thing | The Sweetest Thing | The Sweetest Thing is a 2002 American comedy film directed by Roger Kumble and written by Nancy Pimental, who based the characters on herself and friend Kate Walsh. It stars Cameron Diaz, Christina Applegate, and Selma Blair. The film was released on April 12, 2002 and received negative reviews from critics. However, according to screenwriter Nancy Pimental, the film later went on to gain a cult following.
Plot
A group of men are interviewed regarding Christina Walters; they consider her a player and a user of men in the swinging singles market. She is a 28-year-old successful interior designer living in San Francisco near North Beach.
Christina meets up with her friend Courtney Rockcliffe, a divorce lawyer. They console their friend and roommate Jane, who had recently broken up with her boyfriend, by taking her out to a dance club. Jane feels out of place, so Christina grabs a man named Peter to set Jane up with, but he berates Christina for her methods before disappearing for the night. While in the bathroom with Courtney, she calls him by name, leading her to suspect that he got under Christina's skin and she is actually in love with him, which she denies.
After running into Peter again, Christina buys him a drink and they spend time together. He explains that he will be attending a wedding on Saturday, and that he is at the club with his obnoxious, womanizing brother Roger to celebrate. He invites Christina and Courtney to an after-party at their hotel, but Christina goes home and later regrets not going.
The next day, while having lunch with Courtney, Christina cannot stop talking about Peter, while Jane pays an embarrassing visit to the dry cleaner. Courtney arranges for Christina and herself to travel to Somerset, where Peter's brother's wedding is to take place, and they meet Jane's boyfriend, whom she previously met at the club. After they leave in Courtney's Saab 9-5, Christina and Courtney go on a series of misadventures including an exploding toilet, a glory hole discovery, and a motorcyclist who is led to believe Courtney is receiving cunnilingus from Christina while driving.
Meanwhile, Jane encounters her boyfriend at her retail job and is nearly caught having sex with him in a changing room. When Christina and Courtney finally arrive in Somerset, they visit a store to replace their wet and ruined clothes, only to come out in extremely gaudy, indiscreet outfits. When they arrive at the wedding, Christina begins having second thoughts, but a series of coincidences, including a chance conversation with the bride, causes her to have a change of heart, and they attend. However, they discover that it is Peter, not Roger, who is getting married, and the pair nearly ruin the ceremony in their attempt to escape. Peter and his fiancée then decide that they do not want to marry each other and they call off the wedding.
Christina and Courtney return home and help Jane get out of a sexual situation with her boyfriend where the emergency crew was called in. Sometime later, Courtney is dating a doctor and is clearly very attracted to him, and Christina is back to a newly unfulfilled life of being single again. Later, Peter finds Christina's address in the log at the store they bought their clothes in and tracks her down. Christina, determined not to fear the commitment, kisses Peter and then walks away disappointed.
Peter is interviewed like the men at the beginning of the film, retelling his version of the events calling Christina a bitch and a player, but ultimately reveals that he and Christina are together, having gotten married and are living very happily with Jane, Courtney and Roger as well.
Cast
Cameron Diaz as Christina Walters
Christina Applegate as Courtney Rockcliffe
Thomas Jane as Peter Donahue
Selma Blair as Jane Burns
Jason Bateman as Roger Donahue
Parker Posey as Judy Webb
Nancy Priddy as Mrs. Franklin
Home media
The film was released on DVD and VHS on August 20, 2002.
An unrated version was also released on DVD with some extra scenes added, including a musical performance by Diaz, Applegate and Blair, known as "The Penis Song".
Reception
On its opening weekend, it earned US$9,430,667 on 2,670 screens, ranking #3 behind Changing Lanes and Panic Room. It eventually grossed US$68,696,770 worldwide.
Critical response
On Rotten Tomatoes the film holds an approval rating of 26% based on 111 reviews, with an average rating of 4.30/10. The site's consensus called the film "a collection of hit-or-miss gags tied together by a thin plot." On Metacritic, the film has a weighted average score of 32 out of 100, based on 30 critics, indicating "generally unfavorable reviews". Audiences surveyed by CinemaScore gave the film an average grade of "C+" on an A+ to F scale.
It was among Ebert & Roeper's "Worst of 2002", in the category "Big Stars in Big Bombs".
Notes
References
External links
2002 films
2002 romantic comedy films
2000s buddy comedy films
2000s comedy road movies
2000s female buddy films
2000s sex comedy films
American buddy comedy films
American comedy road movies
American female buddy films
American romantic comedy films
American sex comedy films
Columbia Pictures films
Films directed by Roger Kumble
Films produced by Cathy Konrad
Films scored by Edward Shearmur
Films set in San Francisco
Films shot in San Francisco
2000s English-language films
2000s American films |