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[ "Surgery as an Adjunctive Treatment for Multidrug-Resistant Tuberculosis: An Individual Patient Data Metaanalysis.", "\nMedical treatment for multidrug-resistant (MDR)-tuberculosis is complex, toxic, and associated with poor outcomes. ", "Surgical lung resection may be used as an adjunct to medical therapy, with the intent of reducing bacterial burden and improving cure rates. ", "We conducted an individual patient data metaanalysis to evaluate the effectiveness of surgery as adjunctive therapy for MDR-tuberculosis. ", "Individual patient data, was obtained from the authors of 26 cohort studies, identified from 3 systematic reviews of MDR-tuberculosis treatment. ", "Data included the clinical characteristics and medical and surgical therapy of each patient. ", "Primary analyses compared treatment success (cure and completion) to a combined outcome of failure, relapse, or death. ", "The effects of all forms of resection surgery, pneumonectomy, and partial lung resection were evaluated. ", "A total of 4238 patients from 18 surgical studies and 2193 patients from 8 nonsurgical studies were included. ", "Pulmonary resection surgery was performed on 478 patients. ", "Partial lung resection surgery was associated with improved treatment success (adjusted odds ratio [aOR], 3.0; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.5-5.9; I(2)R, 11.8%), but pneumonectomy was not (aOR, 1.1; 95% CI, .6-2.3; I(2)R, 13.2%). ", "Treatment success was more likely when surgery was performed after culture conversion than before conversion (aOR, 2.6; 95% CI, 0.9-7.1; I(2)R, 0.2%). ", "Partial lung resection, but not pneumonectomy, was associated with improved treatment success among patients with MDR-tuberculosis. ", "Although improved outcomes may reflect patient selection, partial lung resection surgery after culture conversion may improve treatment outcomes in patients who receive optimal medical therapy." ]

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[ "Q:\n\nMySQL multiple index types?", "\n\nI've noticed that in PHPMyAdmin I can individually index columns or I can use checkboxes to select fields and then click index and they're indexed in a different way. ", " Does this mean that if for a given table I have 2 columns of that table that define each row as unique (instead of just a simple single column id`) I should index those together to increase performance?", "\n\nA:\n\nA multiple-column index can be considered a sorted array containing values that are created by concatenating the values of the indexed columns.", "\nMySQL uses multiple-column indexes in such a way that queries are fast when you specify a known quantity for the first column of the index in a WHERE clause, even if you do not specify values for the other columns.", "\nIf you have two columns named last_name and first_name and you create an index INDEX name (last_name,first_name), The index can be used for queries that specify values in a known range for last_name, or for both last_name and first_name.", "\nSource: http://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/5.0/en/multiple-column-indexes.html\nSo, it may not be helpful in your particular case. ", "Becuase if you want to query on the later columns (for example: SELECT * FROM test WHERE first_name='Michael' or SELECT * FROM test WHERE last_name='Widenius' OR first_name='Michael), the index will not be used and the queries will be slower. ", "\n\n" ]

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[ "Explanatory models of mental illness in sub-Saharan Africa.", "\nKnowledge of explanatory models of illness can be used to conduct cross-cultural epidemiological studies which, while being culturally sensitive, are also comparable with other studies. ", "This paper reviews studies from sub-Saharan Africa which examine beliefs relating to mental illness. ", "There is a rich diversity of beliefs, but within this diversity are a number of shared concepts. ", "Thus, many African cultures do distinguish between the mind and body. ", "The mind is cited as residing in the head as well as the heart or abdominal region. ", "Spiritual causes are frequent explanations for mental illness. ", "Though there are some similarities with biomedical concepts of mental illness, there are also significant variations. ", "Psychotic illness is often recognized as 'madness' though emphasis is on behavioural symptoms rather than delusions; neurotic presentations are much more varied, often somatically defined and may not be considered to be mental illnesses at all. ", "Emic psychiatric instruments need to be developed if future cross-cultural psychiatric research is to be both comparable and culturally valid." ]

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[ "HomeNewsIcon becomes first Australian healthcare company to deliver cancer care treatment in China\n\nCancer Services - Asia / 05 Dec, 2019\n\nIcon becomes first Australian healthcare company to deliver cancer care treatment in China\n\nIcon Writers\n\nIcon treats first China cancer patient in Jiangxian\n\nToday on the 5th of December 2019 Icon Group has become the first Australian healthcare company to deliver cancer care treatment in China. ", "The first radiation therapy treatment has been delivered to a local Chinese resident at the first Icon Cancer Centre in Jiangxian. ", "This state-of-the-art centre, located in Jiangxian Red Cross Hospital is equipped with a Varian Halcyon System, the latest in radiation therapy technology with the capacity to treat up to 80 patients a day. ", "It is the first of many Icon Cancer Centre’s set to open across Mainland China in the coming years alongside our other partnerships with Sanbo Brain Hospital and United Family Healthcare.", "\n\nIcon Group CEO, Mark Middleton reflects on the three year long journey in making this dream a reality.", "\n\nAchieving the impossible\n\nBy Mark Middleton\n\n“It always seems impossible until it’s done” – Nelson Mandela\n\nToday we did what others deemed impossible. ", "Today we increased access to cancer care in China – today we successfully treated our first patient at the first Icon Cancer Centre in Jiangxian. ", "Jiangxian is a city in the Shangxi province and by China standards, considered a small city only serving a catchment of over one million people. ", "Residents usually have to travel to neighbouring cities to access healthcare services, with their closest radiation therapy centre 80 kilometres away which is equipped with out-dated technology no longer used in places like Australia, USA and the UK. ", "It is also not uncommon for locals to be seen by an Oncologist on the streets in nearby villages due to the lack of healthcare facilities. ", "This photo below shows one of Icon’s China Oncologists consulting patients – I think there is no truer representation of how we are helping change the lives of so many.", "\n\nOver the past three years our China project team have been working endlessly to do what no other Australian healthcare company has ever done before. ", "Together we have built a world-class Icon Cancer Centre for the people of Jiangxian to help thousands more receive the cancer treatment they deserve. ", "Today, a local cancer patient was able to receive the care he needed because of what so many have worked so hard to build. ", "Every member of the team involved in making this dream a reality have an infectious passion to make a difference. ", "Like all of our wins, its success lies with our people. ", "Professor Yang Wang, our Icon China Chief Technology Officer was by my side in January 2016 when Icon first visited China, and has been by my side ever since. ", "Originally from China, Yang has continued to apply his medical physics expertise to bring the same standard of care we have in our Australian centres to China and help those in his home country. ", "I can’t express how special this moment is for him and his family. ", "This would also not be possible without Chelsea Ren who leads our Icon China arm. ", "When Chelsea joined Icon almost two years ago I promised her that together we would work hard and deliver on our shared dream and help her country and its people – that dream is now a reality and so much of our success is attributed to the relationships Chelsea has built with key partners in China. ", "Every person at Icon involved in this project has contributed to this milestone. ", "It has been the greatest learning exercise for our teams. ", "We’ve learnt new ways of working together, bridged the gap between our cultures and developed relationships cross-countries to make this happen. ", "We’re increasing clinical education to local Chinese medical professionals and introducing a unique way of delivering care to match the landscape and address the gaps. ", "On this journey we have learned about resilience, the power of teamwork and camaraderie.", "\n\nThis has also been a particularly personal achievement. ", "I have made sacrifices, mistakes and wrong turns along the way. ", "From the Aussie suburban backyard to navigating the intricacies of Chinese culture, it has been a difficult journey but an extremely enriching one. ", "Visiting hospitals in China and learning about the reality of healthcare for millions of Chinese has been humbling. ", "After seeing this reality it was never a question of could we do this, it was only a matter of when we’d make this happen. ", "They said it was impossible, but today we did it – we’ve overcome every obstacle and used our experience and innovation to bring cancer care to a place no one dared go before. ", "To a place that deserves state-of-the-art care as much as anywhere else in the world.", "\n\nIt is because of this dedicated team, our shared vision and tenacity that today, this cancer patient in a community in China can be with their loved ones and feel comforted knowing they are receiving the latest in radiation treatment. ", "They can walk into a world-class and welcoming centre, rather than a table on the street to see their doctor. ", "For this community, our centre is a symbol of hope – it can mean a better quality of life, more birthdays, more smiles, and more hugs.", "\n\nAnd this is just the beginning. ", "Yesterday, Icon officially signed an agreement with the Sinohydro Bureau 11 Co. Ltd Huanghe Sanmenxia Hospital. ", "Sanmenxia is in Henan province, widely regarded as the Cradle of Chinese civilisation and the province with the highest population. ", "Sanmenxia Hospital has an existing campus with 1500 beds and is currently building a second campus of 800 beds where Icon will build and operate an Icon Cancer Centre delivering radiation therapy treatment. ", "Our ability to help more people in China will only grow alongside our partnerships with Sanbo Brain Hospital and United Family Healthcare. ", "Our processes will only get better, our training will continue to evolve, remote radiation therapy planning will allow us to treat more people, more efficiently, and our dream to make a difference will never tire.", "\n\nOn my 41st trip to China I am tremendously proud of this moment. ", "Today on the 5th of December 2019, we’ve changed the dial on the global cancer burden and brought the best care possible to as many people as possible, as close to home as possible." ]

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[ "Q:\n\nHow to list all assets in a catalog in watson data science experience?", "\n\nI have created a Watson data science experience (DSX) account, created a catalog into it and added data assets to it.", "\nI am trying to use the REST APIs as documented at: https://developer.ibm.com/api/view/id-1084:title-Watson_Data_Platform_Core_Services#id36962\n... to retrieve the assets using curl.", "\ncurl -H \"Authorization: Bearer <---stripped the auth token --->\" -X GET 'https://api.dataplatform.ibm.com/v2/assets?catalog_id=bd2b56c3-091f-4ff5-beab-b3a1da85488d'\n\nI get the following response:\n{\n \"errors\": [\n {\n \"code\": \"invalid_parameter\",\n \"message\": \"COMSV3006E: Missing or Invalid 'asset' id\",\n \"target\": {\n \"name\": \"asset\",\n \"type\": \"parameter\"\n }\n }\n ],\n \"trace\": \"e7b07khusvkj7s0ymgrggm6si\"\n}\n\nHow do I specify the asset id to retrieve the same?", "\nAlso, I am looking to upload assets, assign metadata/tags to existing assets using REST APIs. ", "Is there any documentation/tutorial available, which can help explain me that?", "\n\nA:\n\nOne option is the search api, although it is listed as deprecated:\ncurl -X POST -d '{\"query\":\"asset.asset_state:available\"}' -H \"Content-Type: application/json\" https://api.dataplatform.ibm.com/v2/catalogs/<catalog_guid>/types/<type>/search -H \"Authorization: Bearer ....\"\n\nhttps://developer.ibm.com/api/view/id-1084:title-Watson_Data_Platform_Core_Services#id37001\nFor <type>, you probably want data_asset, but you can also look up all existing types:\ncurl -X GET https://api.dataplatform.ibm.com/v2/catalogs/<catalog_guid>/types -H \"Authorization: Bearer ....\"\n\nhttps://developer.ibm.com/api/view/id-1084:title-Watson_Data_Platform_Core_Services#id36916\n\n" ]

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[ "/*\n * AuthKeysTableModel.h - declaration of AuthKeysTableModel class\n *\n * Copyright (c) 2018-2020 Tobias Junghans <tobydox@veyon.io>\n *\n * This file is part of Veyon - https://veyon.io\n *\n * This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or\n * modify it under the terms of the GNU General Public\n * License as published by the Free Software Foundation; either\n * version 2 of the License, or (at your option) any later version.", "\n *\n * This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,\n * but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of\n * MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. ", " See the GNU\n * General Public License for more details.", "\n *\n * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public\n * License along with this program (see COPYING); if not, write to the\n * Free Software Foundation, Inc., 59 Temple Place - Suite 330,\n * Boston, MA 02111-1307, USA.", "\n *\n */\n\n#pragma once\n\n#include <QAbstractTableModel>\n\nclass AuthKeysManager;\n\nclass AuthKeysTableModel : public QAbstractTableModel\n{\n\tQ_OBJECT\npublic:\n\tenum Columns {\n\t\tColumnKeyName,\n\t\tColumnKeyType,\n\t\tColumnKeyPairID,\n\t\tColumnAccessGroup,\n\t\tColumnCount\n\t};\n\n\texplicit AuthKeysTableModel( AuthKeysManager& manager, QObject* parent = nullptr );\n\t~AuthKeysTableModel() override = default;\n\n\tvoid reload();\n\n\tconst QString& key( int row ) const\n\t{\n\t\treturn m_keys[row];\n\t}\n\n\tint columnCount( const QModelIndex& parent = QModelIndex() ) const override;\n\tint rowCount( const QModelIndex& parent = QModelIndex() ) const override;\n\tQVariant data( const QModelIndex& index, int role ) const override;\n\tQVariant headerData( int section, Qt::Orientation orientation, int role ) const override;\n\nprivate:\n\tAuthKeysManager& m_manager;\n\tQStringList m_keys{};\n\n};\n" ]

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[ "Q:\n\nThe required anti-forgery cookie \"__RequestVerificationToken\" is not present. ", "MVC 5\n\n\"The required anti-forgery cookie \"__RequestVerificationToken\" is not present.\"", "\nWhen a user attempts to register, it rarely appears.", "\nI am using Elmah tracker. ", "The data from the client has form field \"__RequestVerificationToken\".", "\nI can't find out the reason. ", "Please review the below data.", "\nThanks in advance.", "\n<error application=\"/LM/W3SVC/3/ROOT\" host=\"N816A\" type=\"System.", "Web.", "Mvc.", "HttpAntiForgeryException\" message=\"The required anti-forgery cookie \"__RequestVerificationToken\" is not present.\" ", "source=\"System.", "Web.", "WebPages\" detail=\"System.", "Web.", "Mvc.", "HttpAntiForgeryException (0x80004005): The required anti-forgery cookie \"__RequestVerificationToken\" is not present.", "\n at System.", "Web.", "Helpers.", "AntiXsrf.", "TokenValidator.", "ValidateTokens(HttpContextBase httpContext, IIdentity identity, AntiForgeryToken sessionToken, AntiForgeryToken fieldToken)\n at System.", "Web.", "Helpers.", "AntiXsrf.", "AntiForgeryWorker.", "Validate(HttpContextBase httpContext)\n at System.", "Web.", "Mvc.", "ControllerActionInvoker.", "InvokeAuthorizationFilters(ControllerContext controllerContext, IList`1 filters, ActionDescriptor actionDescriptor)\n at System.", "Web.", "Mvc.", "Async.", "AsyncControllerActionInvoker.<>c__DisplayClass21.<BeginInvokeAction>b__19(AsyncCallback asyncCallback, Object asyncState)\" time=\"2015-06-20T10:35:41.3420000Z\" statusCode=\"500\">\n<serverVariables>\n<item name=\"ALL_HTTP\">\n<value string=\"HTTP_CONNECTION:keep-alive\n HTTP_CONTENT_LENGTH:328\n HTTP_CONTENT_TYPE:application/x-www-form-urlencoded\n HTTP_ACCEPT:text/html,application/xhtml+xml,application/xml;q=0.9,*/*;q=0.8\n HTTP_ACCEPT_ENCODING:gzip, deflate\n HTTP_ACCEPT_LANGUAGE:en-us\n HTTP_HOST:www.----.com\n HTTP_REFERER:https://www.----.com/Account/Login\n HTTP_USER_AGENT:Mozilla/5.0 (iPad; CPU OS 8_3 like Mac OS X) AppleWebKit/600.1.4 (KHTML, like Gecko) Version/8.0 Mobile/12F69 Safari/600.1.4\n HTTP_ORIGIN:https://www.----.com\n \"/>\n</item>\n<item name=\"ALL_RAW\">\n<value string=\"Connection: keep-alive\n Content-Length: 328\n Content-Type: application/x-www-form-urlencoded\n Accept: text/html,application/xhtml+xml,application/xml;q=0.9,*/*;q=0.8\n Accept-Encoding: gzip, deflate\n Accept-Language: en-us\n Host: www.----.com\n Referer: https://www.----.com/Account/Login\n User-Agent: Mozilla/5.0 (iPad; CPU OS 8_3 like Mac OS X) AppleWebKit/600.1.4 (KHTML, like Gecko) Version/8.0 Mobile/12F69 Safari/600.1.4\n Origin: https://www.----.com\n \"/>\n</item>\n<item name=\"APPL_MD_PATH\">\n<value string=\"/LM/W3SVC/3/ROOT\"/>\n</item>\n<item name=\"APPL_PHYSICAL_PATH\">\n<value string=\"D:\\WebSite\\----\\\"/>\n</item>\n<item name=\"AUTH_TYPE\">\n<value string=\"\"/>\n</item>\n<item name=\"AUTH_USER\">\n<value string=\"\"/>\n</item>\n<item name=\"AUTH_PASSWORD\">\n<value string=\"*****\"/>\n</item>\n<item name=\"LOGON_USER\">\n<value string=\"\"/>\n</item>\n<item name=\"REMOTE_USER\">\n<value string=\"\"/>\n</item>\n<item name=\"CERT_COOKIE\">\n<value string=\"\"/>\n</item>\n<item name=\"CERT_FLAGS\">\n<value string=\"\"/>\n</item>\n<item name=\"CERT_ISSUER\">\n<value string=\"\"/>\n</item>\n<item name=\"CERT_KEYSIZE\">\n<value string=\"128\"/>\n</item>\n<item name=\"CERT_SECRETKEYSIZE\">\n<value string=\"2048\"/>\n</item>\n<item name=\"CERT_SERIALNUMBER\">\n<value string=\"\"/>\n</item>\n<item name=\"CERT_SERVER_ISSUER\">\n<value string=\"C=GB, S=Greater Manchester, L=Salford, O=COMODO CA Limited, CN=COMODO SSL CA\"/>\n</item>\n<item name=\"CERT_SERVER_SUBJECT\">\n<value string=\"OU=Domain Control Validated, OU=\"Hosted by Korea Information Certificate Authority, Inc.\", OU=COMODO SSL, CN=www.----.com\"/>\n</item>\n<item name=\"CERT_SUBJECT\">\n<value string=\"\"/>\n</item>\n<item name=\"CONTENT_LENGTH\">\n<value string=\"328\"/>\n</item>\n<item name=\"CONTENT_TYPE\">\n<value string=\"application/x-www-form-urlencoded\"/>\n</item>\n<item name=\"GATEWAY_INTERFACE\">\n<value string=\"CGI/1.1\"/>\n</item>\n<item name=\"HTTPS\">\n<value string=\"on\"/>\n</item>\n<item name=\"HTTPS_KEYSIZE\">\n<value string=\"128\"/>\n</item>\n<item name=\"HTTPS_SECRETKEYSIZE\">\n<value string=\"2048\"/>\n</item>\n<item name=\"HTTPS_SERVER_ISSUER\">\n<value string=\"C=GB, S=Greater Manchester, L=Salford, O=COMODO CA Limited, CN=COMODO SSL CA\"/>\n</item>\n<item name=\"HTTPS_SERVER_SUBJECT\">\n<value string=\"OU=Domain Control Validated, OU=\"Hosted by Korea Information Certificate Authority, Inc.\", OU=COMODO SSL, CN=www.----.com\"/>\n</item>\n<item name=\"INSTANCE_ID\">\n<value string=\"3\"/>\n</item>\n<item name=\"INSTANCE_META_PATH\">\n<value string=\"/LM/W3SVC/3\"/>\n</item>\n<item name=\"LOCAL_ADDR\">\n<value string=\"10.57.14.250\"/>\n</item>\n<item name=\"PATH_INFO\">\n<value string=\"/Account/Register\"/>\n</item>\n<item name=\"PATH_TRANSLATED\">\n<value string=\"D:\\WebSite\\----\\Account\\Register\"/>\n</item>\n<item name=\"QUERY_STRING\">\n<value string=\"\"/>\n</item>\n<item name=\"REMOTE_ADDR\">\n<value string=\"222.152.222.107\"/>\n</item>\n<item name=\"REMOTE_HOST\">\n<value string=\"222.152.222.107\"/>\n</item>\n<item name=\"REMOTE_PORT\">\n<value string=\"57745\"/>\n</item>\n<item name=\"REQUEST_METHOD\">\n<value string=\"POST\"/>\n</item>\n<item name=\"SCRIPT_NAME\">\n<value string=\"/Account/Register\"/>\n</item>\n<item name=\"SERVER_NAME\">\n<value string=\"www.----.com\"/>\n</item>\n<item name=\"SERVER_PORT\">\n<value string=\"443\"/>\n</item>\n<item name=\"SERVER_PORT_SECURE\">\n<value string=\"1\"/>\n</item>\n<item name=\"SERVER_PROTOCOL\">\n<value string=\"HTTP/1.1\"/>\n</item>\n<item name=\"SERVER_SOFTWARE\">\n<value string=\"Microsoft-IIS/7.5\"/>\n</item>\n<item name=\"URL\">\n<value string=\"/Account/Register\"/>\n</item>\n<item name=\"HTTP_CONNECTION\">\n<value string=\"keep-alive\"/>\n</item>\n<item name=\"HTTP_CONTENT_LENGTH\">\n<value string=\"328\"/>\n</item>\n<item name=\"HTTP_CONTENT_TYPE\">\n<value string=\"application/x-www-form-urlencoded\"/>\n</item>\n<item name=\"HTTP_ACCEPT\">\n<value string=\"text/html,application/xhtml+xml,application/xml;q=0.9,*/*;q=0.8\"/>\n</item>\n<item name=\"HTTP_ACCEPT_ENCODING\">\n<value string=\"gzip, deflate\"/>\n</item>\n<item name=\"HTTP_ACCEPT_LANGUAGE\">\n<value string=\"en-us\"/>\n</item>\n<item name=\"HTTP_HOST\">\n<value string=\"www.----.com\"/>\n</item>\n<item name=\"HTTP_REFERER\">\n<value string=\"https://www.----.com/Account/Login\"/>\n</item>\n<item name=\"HTTP_USER_AGENT\">\n<value string=\"Mozilla/5.0 (iPad; CPU OS 8_3 like Mac OS X) AppleWebKit/600.1.4 (KHTML, like Gecko) Version/8.0 Mobile/12F69 Safari/600.1.4\"/>\n</item>\n<item name=\"HTTP_ORIGIN\">\n<value string=\"https://www.----.com\"/>\n</item>\n</serverVariables>\n<form>\n<item name=\"__RequestVerificationToken\">\n<value string=\"NfS-jtWU5SbI8M605BxJI9soh5wRn0BSrDoxLUFbwH_rQfwWZ3R60I1h2uPosZOMnhYpcjgh5Mg5tjDDziNKGZBFTVw1\"/>\n</item>\n<item name=\"UserName\">\n<value string=\"----\"/>\n</item>\n<item name=\"Password\">\n<value string=\"----\"/>\n</item>\n<item name=\"ConfirmPassword\">\n<value string=\"----\"/>\n</item>\n<item name=\"RealName\">\n<value string=\"Earl ----\"/>\n</item>\n<item name=\"Email\">\n<value string=\"----@gmail.com\"/>\n</item>\n<item name=\"Birth\">\n<value string=\"1984-05-08\"/>\n</item>\n<item name=\"PhoneNumber\">\n<value string=\"083566----\"/>\n</item>\n<item name=\"AcceptPolicyAndTerm\">\n<value string=\"true\"/>\n<value string=\"false\"/>\n</item>\n</form>\n<cookies>\n<item name=\"ASP.NET_SessionId\">\n<value string=\"1avxrf2rgcawh0nywaed03bd\"/>\n</item>\n</cookies>\n</error>\n\nA:\n\nAntiForgeryTokens are based on the logged in user's name among other things so it will fail and throw an error. ", "It looks like this is what is happening to you since it is on the Login method. ", "Basically, a token for unauthorized user is compared to an authorized user's expected token value.", "\nYou may have to remove the antiforgery token from the login page. ", "There have been a ton of long drawn out discussions about the topic and no one can come to a consensus.", "\nHere are a few of them:\n\n\"Anti forgery token on login page\"\n\"When the use of a AntiForgeryToken is not required /needed?\"", "\n\n" ]

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[ "Q:\n\nHow to use reference self in Objective-C blocks for animation blocks?", "\n\nI would ideally like to write code that allows me to determine what animations a desired view performs when a certain function is executed, e.g. (n.b., ", "pseudocode):\n- (void)animateView:(UIView *)view withAnimations:(NSArray *)arrayOfAnimationBlocks\n\nThe above (i.e., desired) function would go through a series of animations in sequence and would not perform each animation until the previous animation has fully been executed. ", "I would also be able to add and remove animations to arrayOfAnimationBlocks during runtime.", "\nTo do something like this, I am trying to use the following:\n[UIView animateWithDuration:duration animations:animationBlock completion:completionBlock];\n\nand am passing all parameters (duration, animationBlock, completionBlock) when the function is called.", "\nHowever...\nit seems like you cannot access self from within the animationBlock? ", "My animation block contains:\nvoid (^animationBlock)(void) = ^\n{\n NSLog(@\"[^animationBlock]\");\n [self.viewToAnimate setBounds:CGRectMake(self.viewToAnimate.bounds.origin.x, self.viewToAnimate.bounds.origin.y, self.viewToAnimate.bounds.size.width*2, self.viewToAnimate.bounds.size.height*2)];\n};\n\nand my completion block contains:\nvoid (^completionBlock)(void) = ^\n{\n NSLog(@\"[^completionBlock]\");\n [UIView animateWithDuration:duration animations:^{\n [self.viewToAnimate setBounds:CGRectMake(self.viewToAnimate.bounds.origin.x, self.viewToAnimate.bounds.origin.y, self.viewToAnimate.bounds.size.width/2, self.viewToAnimate.bounds.size.height/2)];\n } completion:^(BOOL finished){\n UIAlertView *alert = [[UIAlertView alloc] initWithTitle:@\"Animation Complete\" message:@\"The previous animations should be fully completed.\" ", "delegate:self cancelButtonTitle:@\"Dismiss\" otherButtonTitles:nil];\n alert.alertViewStyle = UIAlertViewStyleDefault;\n [alert show];\n }];\n};\n\nand then I of course have:\n- (void)alertView:(UIAlertView *)alertView didDismissWithButtonIndex:(NSInteger)buttonIndex\n{\n if (buttonIndex == 0) NSLog(@\"Cancel pressed.\");", "\n else\n {\n NSLog(@\"buttonIndex = %i\", buttonIndex);\n }\n}\n\nIn both animationBlock and completionBlock Xcode gives the following red error:\n(!) ", "Use of undeclared identifier 'self'\n\nA:\n\nHi all: I came across the StackOverflow post Best Way to Perform Several Sequential UIView Animations? ", "today, which includes an answer by user Yang using CPAnimationSequence! ", "Links are below.", "\n\nGitHub Repository: https://github.com/yangmeyer/CPAnimationSequence#readme\nMotivations and Rationale: https://blog.compeople.eu/apps/?p=43\n\nThis looks great!", "\n\n" ]

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[ "The Open Eye Theater960 Main StreetMargaretville, New York(845)-586-1660​openeye@catskill.net\n\nOUR MISSION\n\nThe Mission of the Foundation for The Open Eye, Inc. is to continue producing high quality theater performances for a diverse and expanding audience in the rural Catskill Mountains, and enriching the quality of life for the population in the Central Catskills.", "\n\nCOMING in 2017\n\nSeneca Falls\n\nA new musical about the beginning of the Suffrage Movement. ", "Read more >>\n\n“Seneca Falls,” a new musical celebrating the centennial of Women’s Suffrage in New York State, opens this week at The Open Eye Theater. ", "With book and lyrics by Karen Howes, and music by Elliot Sokolov, this musical play tells the stories of Elizabeth Cady Stanton (Patricia Dell), Susan B. Anthony (Anne Saxon-Hersh), Lucy Stone (Rebecca Maeder Chien), Lucretia Mott (Marge Helenchild), Sojourner Truth (Irene Kellogg), Martha Wright (Anne Barone), Victoria Woodhull (Elizabeth Kemble), and their families during the turbulent years of 1848-1882. ", "Figuring prominently in the stories are newspaperman John Tanner (Ward Stevenson), Elizabeth Cady Stanton’s husband Henry (Jerrold Reinstein), her father Judge Daniel Cady (Roy Moses), and her niece Flora (Madison Tobon), as well as Martha Wright’s son Will (Cedric Taylor), and the dashing Englishman Henry Browne Blackwell (Jonathan Andrews) who crosses the Atlantic to court Ms. Stone. ", "Amie Brockway is director; Dick Tucker is music director.", "\n\nTraveling by train, boat, stage coach, and horseback, these diverse women make their way to the first Seneca Falls Convention on July 19, 1848, where they set about changing the rules by which they have to live.", "\n\nPerformances of “Seneca Falls” at The Open Eye Theater, 960 Main Street, Margaretville, NY, are July 20-30, Thursdays through Saturdays at 7 pm; Sundays at 3. ", "Adults $20; Seniors $15; Youth to Age 26 $10; Children accompanied by an adult are admitted Free. ", "Seating is limited and advance ticket sales are brisk. ", "Reservations and tickets are available at 845-586-1660, openeye@catskill.net, and right here at www.theopeneyetheater.org. ", "This program is made possible by the New York State Council on the Arts with the support of Governor Andrew Cuomo and the New York State Legislature.", "\n\nWe Have two new workshops this summer!", "\n\n​Karen Howes, the author and lyricist for \"Seneca Falls\" will hold a workshop on playwriting at The Open Eye Theater in Margaretville on Saturday, July 22, from 2:00 -4:00 p.m.\n\nA one week Summer Youth Theater Workshop for students from 7 - 12 years old will be held from July 31 - August 4th at The Open Eye Theater.", "\n\nVisit the Classes & Workshops pages in The Education Section of the website for details on both workshops.", "\n\nSUMMER 2017\n\nSENECA FALLS\n\nAn exciting new play about the women's suffrage movement takes the stage this July.", "\n\nRehearsal photographs by Catskill Images​\n\nAll photographs by Catskill Images\n\nsummer Shortcuts 2016\n\nSUMMER SHORTCUTS VII\n\nOur annual Summer Shortcuts program brings you short plays by local playwrights.", "\n\nOPEN MIC\n\nThe stage is yours - grab a mic and sing, read, perform. ", "Or just come and be entertained." ]

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[ "Managing ADHD in Teens\n\nHow do the hormonal changes of adolescence affect ADHD in teenagers?", "\n\nADHD symptoms include distractibility, poor concentration, hyperactivity and irritability. ", "During teenage years, as hormonal changes emerge, ADHD symptoms may worsen. ", "To compound this, if a teenager is mercury toxic, chances are their endocrine system (which regulates hormones) is disrupted, which can cause or contribute to further neurological and behavioral disorders.", "\n\nWhat are the health benefits to teens who manage ADHD without medication?", "\n\nThe advantage of managing ADHD naturally means that any nutritional deficiencies such as decreased essential fatty acids, vitamins and minerals are balanced through proper nutrition. ", "Also, food sensitivity and toxic metal testing will reveal any allergies/sensitivities and toxicity, which through elimination, will increase immune system function and achieve better health.", "\n\nWhat are some common side effects in teenagers who manage their ADHD symptoms with stimulant medications?", "\n\nResearch has confirmed that stimulants like Ritalin, Adderall and Concerta along with being highly addictive, can sometimes lead to feelings of hostility and paranoia. ", "These stimulants affect the central nervous system, causing increased blood pressure and heart rate, and appetite suppression. ", "It can even produce painful headaches, insomnia and depression.", "\n\nWhat are the health ramifications for teens with ADHD that goes untreated?", "\n\nTeenagers who go untreated (with no natural intervention) not only suffer from substandard health due to nutritional deficiencies and toxicity, but also find that impulsivity and poor judgment are compounded as they get older. ", "Statistics show an increase for alcohol and drug abuse and school expulsion." ]

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[ "y.\n-3*y*(y + 1)*(y + 21)/4\nLet c(d) be the second derivative of 7/2*d**4 - 8/3*d**3 - 20*d**2 - 1/15*d**6 + 4/5*d**5 + 18*d - 1. ", "Suppose c(g) = 0. ", "What is g?", "\n-2, -1, 1, 10\nLet u(g) be the second derivative of 0 + 1/3*g**2 + 1/9*g**3 + 64*g + 1/72*g**4. ", "Find h, given that u(h) = 0.", "\n-2\nLet o(p) be the third derivative of 125*p**8/112 + 7415*p**7/42 + 93221*p**6/12 + 77881*p**5/6 - 13475*p**4/8 - 36015*p**3/2 + 9*p**2 - 9*p - 1. ", "Solve o(w) = 0.", "\n-49, -3/5, 1/3\nLet s(y) = 5*y**3 - 182*y**2 + 3*y + 198. ", "Let u(q) = -3*q**3 + 183*q**2 - 3*q - 195. ", "Let m(j) = -3*s(j) - 4*u(j). ", "Factor m(w).", "\n-3*(w - 1)*(w + 1)*(w + 62)\nLet x = -34489 - -34493. ", "Let p(q) be the second derivative of -11*q + 0 - 1/21*q**x - 3/70*q**5 + 1/21*q**3 + 0*q**2. ", "Find c such that p(c) = 0.", "\n-1, 0, 1/3\nLet k(n) be the third derivative of -n**6/240 - 3*n**5/40 - n**4/2 - 4*n**3/3 + 113*n**2 + 1. ", "Determine z, given that k(z) = 0.", "\n-4, -1\nSuppose -2*x + 5*x + 150 = 4*f, 0 = 5*x - 4*f + 242. ", "Let q = x - -57. ", "Determine u, given that 24*u - 6*u**3 - q*u - 10*u + 3*u**2 = 0.", "\n-1/2, 0, 1\nLet n(c) be the second derivative of -c**4/3 + 2894*c**3/3 - 2892*c**2 - c + 81. ", "Factor n(o).", "\n-4*(o - 1446)*(o - 1)\nLet l(v) be the second derivative of -v**4/12 + 19*v**3/6 - 30*v**2 + v + 504. ", "Factor l(x).", "\n-(x - 15)*(x - 4)\nLet d(i) be the third derivative of -i**5/20 - 19*i**4/2 - 722*i**3 - 707*i**2. ", "Find l, given that d(l) = 0.", "\n-38\nLet h(n) be the first derivative of n**3/15 + n**2/10 - 72*n/5 - 1309. ", "Factor h(y).", "\n(y - 8)*(y + 9)/5\nLet o be -4 + (-1 - -2)/(20/5020). ", "Let c = 257 - o. Find g, given that -16/3*g**3 - 4*g - 2/3 + c*g**2 = 0.", "\n-1/8, 1\nFactor -7020*d + 168*d**3 - 2916 + 3827*d**3 + 1985*d**3 + 743*d**2 - 2116*d**4.", "\n-(d - 2)**2*(46*d + 27)**2\nLet b(z) be the third derivative of 0*z - 4/945*z**7 + 0 + 6*z**2 + 1/540*z**6 + 1/135*z**5 - 1/504*z**8 + 0*z**4 + 0*z**3. ", "Factor b(h).", "\n-2*h**2*(h + 1)**2*(3*h - 2)/9\nLet z(a) be the second derivative of -a**7/252 - 113*a**6/60 + 227*a**5/40 - 341*a**4/72 + 5*a - 1456. ", "Factor z(o).", "\n-o**2*(o - 1)**2*(o + 341)/6\nLet s(l) be the first derivative of -2*l**3/3 - 13*l**2 + 396*l - 3199. ", "Factor s(b).", "\n-2*(b - 9)*(b + 22)\nLet n be (-33901)/(-4676) + -7 + 0. ", "Factor 0*k**3 - 1/4*k**4 + 0 + 0*k + n*k**2.", "\n-k**2*(k - 1)*(k + 1)/4\nLet v(l) be the first derivative of 54*l**3 + 24*l**2 + 32*l/9 - 751. ", "Solve v(z) = 0.", "\n-4/27\nLet p(m) be the third derivative of m**6/12 + 9*m**5/4 + 5*m**4/2 - 65*m**3/6 + 2061*m**2. ", "Factor p(q).", "\n5*(q + 1)*(q + 13)*(2*q - 1)\nLet w = -589 - -595. ", "Suppose -4*d**4 + 40*d**3 - 144*d**2 + 163*d - 134 - 5*d + w + 66*d = 0. ", "Calculate d.\n2, 4\nLet f = -2637 - -2672. ", "Let k(y) be the first derivative of -2/5*y**5 - 2*y**3 + 0*y - y**2 - 3/2*y**4 + f. Factor k(h).", "\n-2*h*(h + 1)**3\nLet 1162/3*a - 4*a**4 - 73/6*a**3 + 196 + 183*a**2 - 1/6*a**5 = 0. ", "What is a?", "\n-14, -1, 6\nLet c(n) be the third derivative of n**6/40 + 4*n**5/5 - 19*n**4/8 - 17*n**3 + 6*n**2 + 36*n. ", "Determine y so that c(y) = 0.", "\n-17, -1, 2\nLet i(t) be the first derivative of 0*t + 25*t**2 - 5/4*t**4 - 107 - 5*t**3. ", "Factor i(z).", "\n-5*z*(z - 2)*(z + 5)\nLet c(z) be the first derivative of -153 + 6962/15*z + 118/15*z**2 + 2/45*z**3. ", "Solve c(o) = 0 for o.\n-59\nDetermine h, given that 73*h - 63 + 1/3*h**3 - 31/3*h**2 = 0.", "\n1, 9, 21\nLet n = -37/6524 - -3299/6524. ", "Factor -n*t**2 + 6 - 1/2*t.", "\n-(t - 3)*(t + 4)/2\nLet f(d) be the third derivative of 34*d**2 + 136/315*d**7 - 71/18*d**4 + 0*d + 23/5*d**5 - 41/18*d**6 + 0 + 2/9*d**3. ", "Factor f(h).", "\n4*(h - 1)**3*(68*h - 1)/3\nLet i be ((-745)/(-25) + 3)/(8/(-40)). ", "Let v = i + 494/3. ", "Factor -1/3*m**2 - v + m.\n-(m - 2)*(m - 1)/3\nFind v, given that -81*v - 1458/7 - 72/7*v**2 - 3/7*v**3 = 0.", "\n-9, -6\nLet l(f) = f**2 + f - 2. ", "Let j be l(-2). ", "Suppose 62*n - 1953 = -1953. ", "Factor -2/7*k**3 + j*k + n - 2/7*k**2.", "\n-2*k**2*(k + 1)/7\nSuppose 5 + 16 = -2*t + 5*u, 3*t + 49 = 4*u. ", "Let i = -21 - t. What is f in 2 + f**5 + f + 3*f**4 + i*f**2 - 3 - 2*f**3 - 4*f**4 = 0?", "\n-1, 1\nLet i(b) be the third derivative of -2*b**2 - 3 + 0*b + 5/96*b**4 + 1/240*b**5 + 1/6*b**3. ", "What is t in i(t) = 0?", "\n-4, -1\nSuppose -9*t + 5*t = -p - 16, -2*p - 23 = -5*t. ", "Let q(j) be the first derivative of -3/5*j**2 - 13 + 0*j - 2/15*j**t. ", "Determine f, given that q(f) = 0.", "\n-3, 0\nLet t(h) = -h**2 + h - 12. ", "Let w(u) = u**3 - 2*u**2 - 17*u. ", "Let r(z) = -t(z) - w(z). ", "Let r(q) = 0. ", "What is q?", "\n-2, -1, 6\nLet o = 55 + -53. ", "Suppose o*p + 219 = 5*p. ", "Factor 0*l**4 + 72*l**3 - p*l**3 + l**4.", "\nl**3*(l - 1)\nSuppose -2*z + 14 = 3*z - 2*p, -5*z = -3*p - 16. ", "Suppose 10*w**3 - 4*w**3 + 4*w**4 + 120*w**z + 42*w**3 + 112*w - 80 + 116 = 0. ", "What is w?", "\n-9, -1\nLet z(n) = -55*n**2 - 35*n - 51. ", "Let j(k) = -2*k**2 + 2*k - 1. ", "Let p(r) = 30*j(r) - 2*z(r). ", "Factor p(d).", "\n2*(5*d + 4)*(5*d + 9)\nFind g, given that 2/3*g**2 + 26934 - 268*g = 0.", "\n201\nLet t(k) be the first derivative of k**6/120 - k**5/60 - k**4/6 + 2*k**3/3 + 26*k**2 - 63. ", "Let g(y) be the second derivative of t(y). ", "Factor g(v).", "\n(v - 2)*(v - 1)*(v + 2)\nFind d such that -33/7*d**3 + 0 - 75/7*d - 3/7*d**4 - 15*d**2 = 0.", "\n-5, -1, 0\nLet t(s) = -s + 1. ", "Let u(m) = -3*m**3 - 12*m**2 - 15*m + 30. ", "Suppose -2*w - 51 = -15. ", "Let r(o) = w*t(o) + u(o). ", "Factor r(y).", "\n-3*(y - 1)*(y + 1)*(y + 4)\nLet g(k) = -105*k**2 - 1776*k - 240. ", "Let b(x) = -26*x**2 - 443*x - 60. ", "Let h(o) = 21*b(o) - 5*g(o). ", "Factor h(l).", "\n-3*(l + 20)*(7*l + 1)\nLet h(l) be the first derivative of 5*l**4/12 + 5*l**3/3 + 5*l**2/2 + 13*l - 17. ", "Let t(n) be the first derivative of h(n). ", "What is x in t(x) = 0?", "\n-1\nLet i(f) = 3*f**3 + 6*f**2 + 7*f + 7. ", "Let j(x) = -18*x - 58. ", "Let d be j(-4). ", "Let s(t) = -t**3 - 2*t**2 - 2*t - 2. ", "Let g(k) = d*s(k) + 4*i(k). ", "Factor g(o).", "\n-2*o**2*(o + 2)\nLet w = 4903 - 2796. ", "Suppose 2*n**2 - 2059 + 5*n + w + 23*n = 0. ", "Calculate n.\n-12, -2\nSuppose -5*b - 119 = 2*a - 135, -2*b - 2*a + 16 = 0. ", "Factor -1/2*y**3 + b - 3*y**2 - 9/2*y.", "\n-y*(y + 3)**2/2\nFind l, given that -40 + 138*l**4 + 46*l**3 + 653129*l - 652667*l - 626*l**2 + 9*l**5 + 0*l**5 + 11*l**5 = 0.", "\n-5, -4, 1/10, 1\nFactor 79635834601472/5 + 75721728/5*q**2 + 2/5*q**4 - 126808653824/5*q - 20096/5*q**3.", "\n2*(q - 2512)**4/5\nLet l(r) be the second derivative of 0*r**2 - 16/15*r**6 + 2/21*r**7 + 11/5*r**5 + 8/3*r**4 + 0 - 94*r - 8*r**3. ", "Let l(j) = 0. ", "What is j?", "\n-1, 0, 1, 2, 6\nLet v(k) be the first derivative of -k**3 - 3*k**2 + 240*k + 582. ", "Factor v(f).", "\n-3*(f - 8)*(f + 10)\nSuppose -9/7*q**3 + 1/7*q**5 + 24/7 + 4/7*q + 2/7*q**4 - 22/7*q**2 = 0. ", "Calculate q.\n-2, 1, 3\nLet s = -4494 + 4496. ", "Let m(j) be the first derivative of -5/9*j**s + 6 + 0*j + 2/27*j**3. ", "Factor m(r).", "\n2*r*(r - 5)/9\nWhat is f in -325*f**3 + 18*f**4 + 21*f**4 - 162 - 258 - 1310*f**2 - 67*f**4 + 18*f**4 - 1415*f = 0?", "\n-28, -3, -1, -1/2\nLet s(l) be the first derivative of l**5/80 - l**3/2 + 2*l**2 + 64*l - 119. ", "Let y(r) be the first derivative of s(r). ", "Factor y(j).", "\n(j - 2)**2*(j + 4)/4\nLet c = -266 + 278. ", "Suppose 2*w = -3*o, 0 = -2*w + 2*o - 3*o + 8. ", "Suppose -w - 15*g - c*g**2 + 29*g + 13*g = 0. ", "What is g?", "\n1/4, 2\nLet r(l) = -3*l**3 - 5*l**3 - 41*l**2 + 40*l**2 + 6*l**3. ", "Let s(f) = -52*f**3 - 16*f**2 + 8*f. ", "Let k(h) = 20*r(h) - s(h). ", "Factor k(v).", "\n4*v*(v - 1)*(3*v + 2)\nLet r = 1026561 - 1026558. ", "Factor 4/5*o + 0 + 1/5*o**2 - 1/10*o**r.", "\n-o*(o - 4)*(o + 2)/10\nLet j be (260/6)/(2*8/6*194/582). ", "Solve -j*r + 70*r**2 + 5/4*r**5 - 85/2*r**3 + 25/2 + 15/2*r**4 = 0 for r.\n-10, 1\nLet k(w) be the first derivative of -3*w**4/8 - 243*w**3/2 - 59049*w**2/4 - 1594323*w/2 + 1168. ", "Factor k(c).", "\n-3*(c + 81)**3/2\nLet x(r) be the third derivative of r**7/315 - 19*r**6/180 + 7*r**5/18 - 17*r**4/36 - 3*r**2 - 393*r. ", "Find u such that x(u) = 0.", "\n0, 1, 17\nLet o = -2315443/11 + 210497. ", "Factor -o + 16/11*h - 2/11*h**2.", "\n-2*(h - 6)*(h - 2)/11\nSuppose 5*f + 15 = 2*q + q, -2*f - 25 = -5*q. ", "Suppose 4*o - 3*o - 11 = -2*s, f = -s + o - 2. ", "Factor -6*d**5 + 8*d**4 + 24*d**s + 10*d**5 + 8*d**2 + 10*d**4.", "\n2*d**2*(d + 2)**2*(2*d + 1)\nLet r = -140417/12 - -11702. ", "Let i(h) be the second derivative of 23/80*h**5 - 16*h + r*h**4 + 1/15*h**6 + 1/2*h**3 + 1/168*h**7 + 0*h**2 + 0. ", "Solve i(d) = 0.", "\n-3, -2, -1, 0\nLet i = -108 - -113. ", "Let o be (((-140)/21)/i)/(-2). ", "Factor 0 - o*v**3 + 2/3*v**2 + 2/3*v**5 + 0*v - 2/3*v**4.", "\n2*v**2*(v - 1)**2*(v + 1)/3\nFactor 33/7*m**2 + 12/7 + 39/7*m + 6/7*m**3.", "\n3*(m + 1)*(m + 4)*(2*m + 1)/7\nLet w be (9/6)/(0 + (-9)/(-12)). ", "Find r, giv" ]

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[ "AvB Tower\n\nThe AvB Tower is a hyper-hybrid academic building and a dynamic hub threading The Hague’s central train station to the adjacent urban envelope, accommodating students and faculty with a program of housing, retail, and dining. ", "Surrounded by an expansive and newly constructed pedestrian square–the Anna van Buerenplein–this 72 m steel tower is foreseen to be a catalyst for further redevelopment of this centrally sited urban space. ", "As the city’s train station is a terminus, this square is a point of convergence for multiple modes of transportation and a gathering space for the tower’s 396 student residents.", "\n\nClusters of office buildings and a surface parking lot were demolished to create this new residential and retail situation, which is part of a larger master plan to restructure this formerly under-utilized space in the center of this stately city. ", "A newly submerged 3-story parking garage serves as the plinth for the tower’s foundation, dictating its structural solutions due to the pre-existing weight limitations of the parking garage. ", "It was therefore chosen to construct the tower in steel, distributing its structural load across 11 pre-determined columns.", "\n\nCarving an extension of its lobby from the surrounding square, the tower is accessed via an entryway of stairs and ramps. ", "A sculptural staircase, whose oversized landings encourage informal social exchange, welcomes users upon entry, propelling them up and into the building’s hybrid programming. ", "This staircase traverses a central void, organizing and intuitively routing users to and from the complex program of academic facilities that constitute the tower’s first five floors. ", "The ground floor contains retail and auditoriums, while the second through fifth house lecture halls, a student help desk, and university offices, with 396 student studios occupying the tower’s remaining floors.", "\n\nIntegrated within a central ‘district heating’ system purposely built for this redeveloped area, the tower utilizes excess energy provided by an adjacent residential building to satisfy its heating and cooling demands. ", "The tower’s office spaces have been outfitted with independently regulated heating and cooling systems, while student rooms feature floor heating and operable and oversized sliding glass yellow windows, providing views to the square below, the skyline of The Hague, and the North Sea beyond." ]

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[ "Patient safety: the what, how, and when.", "\nPatient safety is a construct that implies behavior intended to minimize the risk of harm to patients through effectiveness and individual performance designed to avoid injuries to patients from the care that is intended to help them. ", "The Accreditation Council for Graduate Medical Education has made patient safety a focused area in the new Clinical Learning Environment Review process. ", "This lecture will focus on definitions of patient safety terminology; describe the culture of patient safety and a just culture; discuss what to report, who to report it too, and methods of conducting patient safety investigations." ]

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[ "Saudi Arabia at the 2019 Military World Games\n\nSaudi Arabia competed at the 2019 Military World Games in Wuhan from 18 to 27 October 2019. ", "It sent a delegation consisting of 41 athletes competing in five sports for the event.", "\n\nParticipants \n\nSource\n\nMedal summary\n\nMedal by sports\n\nMedalists\n\nReferences \n\nCategory:Nations at the 2019 Military World Games\nCategory:2019 in Saudi Arabian sport" ]

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[ "Our Prisoners' Letter includes excerpts\nfrom\nour Bulletin and our other\npublications.", "\nThose publications, which are legal reading material in the United\nStates,\nhave been rejected by many prison mail rooms as detrimental to the\nrehabilitation\nof the inmate.", "\n\n(We maintain that we are the only\norganization\nhelping inmates to understand and cope with their sexuality. ", "Certainly\nthe penal system is not in the rehabilitation business.)", "\n\nThe unstated reason for the rejection of\nour\npublications by some prisons is that they contain pictures. ", "Although\nthese\nare legal images, they seem to offend some of the mail room personnel.", "\nHowever, our Prisoners' Letters contain only text, so they are usually\naccepted. ", "A former prisoner may continue to receive the Prisoners'\nLetter\nwhile on parole, or may switch to a regular membership and receive all\nof our publications by paying dues (or limited income dues if\nunemployed).", "\n\nRequests to receive the Prisoners Letter\nmust\ncome from the individual himself. ", "These requests should be sent to:\n\nWe encourage you to correspond with\nprisoners.", "\nOccasional friendly\nletters from friends\nand family can be a lifeline. ", "Many ugly prison incidents can\nbe prevented or mitigated by a prisoner's contacts with the outside\nworld.", "\nLetters and visits can provide much-needed social and psychological\nsupport\nfor inmates facing an arbitrary and often brutal prison system, who\nmight\notherwise lose touch with reality.", "\n\nPrisoners' incoming and outgoing mail is\nopened\nfor inspection, and usually only checked for contraband. ", "However, the\nmail\nis sometimes read. ", "We urgently advise pen pals to avoid writing about\nany\nactivities, whether real or imagined, that could be considered illegal.", "\nCorrespondence could affect a prison's evaluation of a prisoner's state\nof mind, degree of \"rehabilitation\" and suitability for parole. ", "We also\nadvise that you should never become involved in any financial\ntransactions\nwith your pen pals.", "\n\nResource Limitations\n\nBecause of the volunteer nature of our\norganization,\nwe do not have the resources to become involved in individual cases,\nand\nso cannot offer financial support or legal counsel. ", "Nor can we send\nfree\nbooks or other publications to prisoners.", "\n\nDisparate Treatment\n\nThere is a \"pecking order\" throughout the\ncriminal\njustice system, shown in everything from treatment at the hands of the\npolice, through court proceedings, to treatment of prisoners and\nparolees\nby fellow inmates, guards, and parole officers. ", "Violent criminals, even\nmurderers and rapists, are given a higher status in the prison\npopulations\nthan boy-lovers who were convicted of consensual relations with minors.", "\n\nThe convicted individuals near the top of\nthis\npecking order often receive lighter sentences and are routinely paroled\nat the earliest opportunity; sometimes they are even paroled early to\nmake\nprison space available for those at the bottom of the pecking order. ", "A\nconvict at the bottom of the pecking order can expect to receive at\nleast\nas long a sentence as a murderer, and some receive multiple,\nconsecutive\nsentences. ", "Even if concurrent multiple sentences are imposed, this can\naffect an inmate's parole chances. ", "One conviction for each illegal\nsexual\nact is common.", "\n\nBlindly, the criminal justice system\nfails\nto differentiate between individuals accused of coercive or violent\nsexual\nacts against youngsters and consensual, loving relationships between\nyounger\nand older people. ", "The Prisoner Program's intention is to support those\nunjustly imprisoned for the latter, and to raise the consciousness of\nthose\nguilty of the former.", "\n\nTherapy\n\nSome states conduct \"therapy\" programs\nfor\ninmates, and for parolees once they are released. ", "The therapy ranges\nfrom\ndrug therapy and aversion therapy to group counseling. ", "For parole or\nearly\nrelease, an inmate's \"cooperation\" with the prison therapists\nconducting\nthese programs is required. ", "Prisoners are required to enroll for a\n\"cure,\"\nto participate, and to seem to be rehabilitated. ", "Some prisoners refuse\ntherapy. ", "These programs have never been shown to have any lasting value\nfor the prisoner or for society.", "\n\nSome states are continuing to hold those\nthey\nconsider to be \"sexual predators\" even after completion of their\noriginal\nsentence and parole time. ", "These people are kept behind bars under\n\"civil\ncommitment\" laws even though they have not been shown to be dangerous\nor\nmentally ill. ", "Other recent laws require the registration of\nex-\"offenders\"\nwith police agencies and community notification of a parolee's\npresence,\nassuring pariah status and inviting vigilante action.", "\n\nMany states are notorious for returning\nsex\n\"offenders\" to prison for trivial violations of parole conditions. ", "Of\ncourse,\nthis disrupts and prevents the parolee's adjustment and re-entry into\nordinary\nsociety. ", "Parole violations are a major contributor to widespread\nover-crowding\nof jails and prison facilities.", "\n\nFamily and Friends of\nPrisoners\n\nIncarceration is a terrible thing. ", "For a\nboy-lover\nground into the criminal justice system, it is an especially harrowing\nfate.", "\n\nOne of the factors that can add to a\nprisoner's\ndespair is the loss of all social and family support. ", "Society's\nconfusion\nabout the nature of man-boy love and its stigmatization of this\norientation\noften cause family members and friends to distance themselves from the\nincarcerated individual. ", "The distant locations of prisons and their\nintimidating\nprocedures also discourage visits and continuing support.", "\n\nThis does not have to be so. ", "If you have\na\nrelative or friend incarcerated for non-violent acts and want to get a\nbetter understanding of the issues involved, please get in touch with\nus.", "\n\nThings You Can Do:\n\nMake a monetary contribution to the\nPrisoner Program.", "\nThis will allow us to increase the number of newsletters we can\nsend.", "\nTell incarcerated boy-lovers you know about the Prisoner Program.", "\n\nAcquaint yourself with the dos and\ndon'ts of writing\nto prisoners and become a pen pal.", "\n\nVisit an incarcerated boy-lover.", "\n\nConnect with the Prisoners' Civil Rights\nmovement.", "\n\nIf you have an incarcerated family\nmember or friend\nand you need to better understand his situation, contact us." ]

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[ "By Mike Maharrey\n\nDedicated activists in Los Angeles forced the end to federal militarization of law enforcement on a hyper-local level, demonstrating the power of a bottom-up approach when confronting federal power.", "\n\nAfter 18 months of pressure and activism, the Labor/Community Strategy Center reached an agreement with the Los Angeles Unified School District and the Los Angeles School Police Department to de-militarize school police. ", "As reported by Counter Punch, they agreed to return all military grade weapons procured from the federal 1033 Program, withdraw completely from the program and to apologize for the policy that brought the weapons to LA schools in the first place.", "\n\nWeapons the LA School Police will return to the feds include a tank, a Mine Resistant Ambush Protected vehicle (MRAP), three grenade launchers and 61 M-16 rifles.", "\n\nEric Mann was involved in the activism and wrote the article for Counter Punch.", "\n\nThe LAUSD and the LASPD are the first government agencies that we know of— a police force of 500 officers and staff— to return all the weapons, withdraw from the program altogether, give a complete inventory of every weapon received and returned, and to issue a public apology a civil rights organization and the Black and Latino students and communities whose lives were threatened by the program. ", "The precedent can be explosive. ", "We have shown that even if by one bullet alone—let alone a tank, 3 grenade launchers, and 61 M-16s— we can reduce the police arsenal of weapons just as they try to increase them and can win the ideological war against the growing police state.", "\n\nAccording to a new report by Open the Books, the feds transferred $2.2 billion worth of military gear to state and local agencies through Federal Program 1033 from 2006 and 2015. ", "Report author Adam Andrzejewski described it as a “federally-sponsored ‘gun show’ that never ends.”", "\n\nThe 1033 program transfers surplus military weapons and equipment to state and local agencies at no cost. ", "The receiving agency then must foot the bill for its upkeep. ", "n the 1980s, the federal government began arming, funding and training local police forces, turning peace officers into soldiers to fight in its unconstitutional “War on Drugs.” ", "The militarization went into hyper-drive after 9/11 when a second front opened up – the “War on Terror.” ", "Programs like 1033 create a powerful lever the federal government can use to control state and local police departments. ", "They want the “toys,” along with the federal dollars that flow into their coffers through grants and various partnerships. ", "All of this incentivizes police departments to do the feds’ bidding and embrace their priorities. ", "The end result is a virtual national police force focused predominantly on enforcing prohibition – not actual crimes like murder, rape and property crimes.", "\n\nAmericans tend to focus on action in Washington D.C. to confront this kind of federal overreach. ", "But the success of activists in LA show how local and state strategies can undermine federal plans. ", "The feds can create all of the programs they want. ", "If state local governments refuse to let their police departments cooperate, the entire scheme grounds to a halt no matter what the politicians in D.C. want.", "\n\nIt was no accident the Strategy Center launched its battle against police militarization by focusing on the LA School Police. ", "They started small, where they already had some clout and where they knew they could have a significant impact on the ground.", "\n\nWe chose to begin the campaign by focusing on the School police because that was where we were doing most of our organizing and the issue of tanks in the schools would generate, we hoped, the greatest outrage that we could then bring to bear on the LAPD and President Obama.", "\n\nGoing to Congress to complain about school cops M-16s would have accomplished nothing. ", "Instead, they localized and won a major victory. ", "Now they can build on that and move forward, expanding the movement. ", "They are already talking about “what’s next.”" ]

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[ "Als „Hogwarts an der Oder“ hat die Skeptikergemeinde vor einiger Zeit die Viadrina in Frankfurt/Oder verspottet, weil dort am Institut für transkulturelle Gesundheitswissenschaften seltsame Dinge geschehen. ", "Die Frankfurter Vorgänge reihen sich ein in eine Entwicklung, die sich im Kellergeschoss der akademischen Welt, dort wo man nicht so genau hinsieht, auch andernorts vollzieht: “Esoteriker unterwandern die Hochschulen“, schrieb der Journalist Bernd Kramer damals in der ZEIT.", "\n\nGeld statt Wahrheit ist leider im Wissenschaftsbetrieb nicht selten die eigentliche Währung. ", "So richtig verwunderlich ist es daher nicht, dass sich Hochschulen auch für lukrative pseudowissenschaftliche Angebote öffnen bzw. ", "eigens für deren Vermarktung gegründet werden. ", "In Frankfurt/Oder engagiert sich der Pharmakonzern Heel, nun soll im März nächsten Jahres im bayerischen Traunstein eine “Hochschule für Homöopathie“ ihren Betrieb aufnehmen, unterstützt von der Steinbeis-Stiftung.", "\n\nDie lokale Politik begrüßt die Hochschulgründung vor allem aus wirtschaftlichen Gründen, wie man im Blog „Chiemgau Gemseneier“ nachlesen kann, der die Verzauberung Traunsteins schon seit längerem beobachtet.", "\n\nIn einem Studiengang auf wissenschaftlichem Niveau, so die Initiatoren, soll man in Traunstein künftig einen Bachelor-Abschluss erwerben können: „Bachelor of Science in Complementary Medicine and Management, Vertiefungsrichtung Homöopathie EUH“. ", "Auch die lokale Presse scheint an der Sache nichts anstößig zu finden. ", "Wenn es um Standortpolitik und Arbeitsplätze geht, will die Presse eben nicht mit kritischen Fragen im Wege stehen. ", "Und das bayerische Wissenschaftsministerium? ", "Was mag man dort wohl vom neuen Exzellenz-Cluster der bayerischen Wissenschaft halten, wenn in Traunstein erst einmal innovative Produkte wie Bachblüten-Tropfen gegen Kindesmissbrauch erforscht werden?", "\n\nNun gut, wo Wirtschaft drauf steht, wird schon Wissenschaft drin sein. ", "Was ich allerdings nicht verstehe ist, warum man diese Argumentationslinie nicht konsequenter verfolgt. ", "Angesichts der Nachfrage nach astrologischer Beratung könnte man auch dazu einen Studiengang „auf wissenschaftlichem Niveau“ anbieten, mit dem Abschluss „Bachelor of Science in Complementary Astronomy and Money Management“. ", "Vielleicht spendiert die Tabakindustrie dann noch einen Studiengang „Bachelor of Science in Healthy Smoking“, Herr Grieshaber wird bestimmt gerne seine wissenschaftliche Kompetenz einbringen, und so könnte aus Traunstein irgendwann ein echtes Zentrum für große Geister werden, ein Hogwarts im Süden eben.", "\n\n————————————————–\n\nNachtrag\n\nAn Denkanstößen, sich doch noch einmal zu überlegen, ob die Sache wirklich so eine gute Idee ist, hat es in der Vergangenheit nicht gefehlt. ", "Hier eine kleine Auswahl der vergeblichen Mühe:\n\n“Homöopathie-Esoterik-Hochschule in Traunstein? ", "Bitte nicht!“, ", "Blog Chiemgau Gemseneier, 9.3.2012.", "\n\n“Neue Hochschule in Traunstein.“ ", "Der Freitag, 9.3.2012.", "\n\n“Hochschulen für Homöopathie – hahnebüchener Unsinn in Traunstein“, Blog PSIRAM, 10.3.2012.", "\n\n“Homöopathie-Hochschule in Bayern?“, ", "Blog GWUP, 12.3.2012.", "\n\n“die hohe Schule der Verwirrung”, Blog Die Ausrufer, 18.3.2012.", "\n\n“Globuli-Akademie“, DIE ZEIT, 28.9.2012.", "\n\n“Akademischer Humbug“, Blog Die Achse des Guten, 6.10.2012.", "\n\n“Drittmittel bringen Hokuspokus an Hochschulen“, DIE WELT, 4.11.2012.", "\n\n“Hochschulen auf dem Vormarsch“, Blog telepolis, 22.4.2013.", "\n\n“Hochschule für Homöopathie Traunstein – Ökumene gescheitert“, Blog Die Ausrufer, 21.11.2013.", "\n\nHomöopathie in Traunstein – Hochschule C200″, Blog Beweisaufnahme in Sachen Homöopathie am 30.11.2013." ]

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[ "Assisted Living near New Brighton, MN\n\nUse our assisted living search tool to find the best options for your family - a\nFREE Service!", "\n\nLocation:\n\nOnly show communities within a mile radius.", "\n\nRoom Type:\n\nBudget:\n\nYou know your family, A Place For Mom knows Assisted Living. ", "Our dedicated local New Brighton, MN advisors have helped 1378 families make the right choice for their needs. ", "Get full details, pricing and read 1034 reviews of our hand-picked communities. ", "Typically prices range from $1500 to $8100 per month.", "\n\nFinding the best options for assisted living in New Brighton can be a challenge. ", "With so many choices for seniors, making the right one for your family can seem overwhelming. ", "Working together, we can help you gain peace of mind. ", "Our free service includes a local Senior Living Advisor dedicated to matching you with a tailored list of hand-picked communities that meet your needs. ", "We provide you with full details and pricing, scheduling property tours and move in support. ", "There's no cost to you.", "\n\nBrightondale Senior Campus\n\nBrightondale Senior Campus, part of the SilverCrest family, has been serving the north east suburbs for over 20 years. ", "We are well established in the community, and work with our local partners to bring value to the community. ", "Brightondale has been voted Best Retirement Community by Sun Times...\n\nSunrise of Edina\n\nIn elegant, residential environments, we deliver the finest in senior care, and are recognized internationally for both quality and innovation. ", "Guided by our Principles of Service, Sunrise affords families peace-of-mind by providing today's seniors with a range of personalized assisted living...\n\nAugustana Chapel View Apartments\n\nOur Mission is to foster fullness of life for the older adult and other people in need through the provision of housing and health care in a Christian environment. ", "Augustana Care Corporation offers four independent living/with services and assisted living communities with a Christian Focus:...\n\nAdagio Manor Assisted Living\n\nAbout Adagio Manor Assisted Living Community Situated in the heart of the Minneapolis /St. ", "Paul metro, we are located in beautiful Golden Valley, MN. ", "Adagio is just five minutes from downtown Minneapolis near the thriving 'West End' community with convenient access to St. Louis Park, Edina,...\n\nBrookdale Champlin\n\nBrookdale Champlin, located in Champlin, Minnesota, is an exclusive senior living community offering Assisted Living and Alzheimer's and Dementia Care. ", "Just two blocks from Highway 169, the major highway that connects the City of Champlin to the Twin Cities, our community is nestled in a beautiful...\n\nSt. John Homes\n\nSt. John Home is a residential care home for older adults with a wide range of physical and medical needs. ", "We are fortunate to have a wonderful home in Minnetonka that allows for a wide variety of opportunities, ranging from a rich social life at home and in the community to enjoying solitude in...\n\nVernon Terrace of Edina\n\nVernon Terrace offers beautiful Senior Apartment Living in the heart of Edina, MN. ", "We are conveniently located just blocks from major freeways, shopping, and medical facilities. ", "We have a number of amenities, including free van service to shopping, medical appointments and weekly outings. ", "Free...\n\nGable Pines\n\nGable Pines is a beautiful community that opened in June of 2016. ", "Offering options for independent living, assisted living, and memory care. ", "The life enrichment (activities) program is very full and well rounded. ", "The culinary department provides meals that not only nourish, but also delight! ", "All...\n\nBickford of Maplewood\n\nWe began our quest into senior living because of our love for our beloved mother, Mary Bickford, whose needs became too great for us to manage. ", "As we researched senior living options, we were shocked at our findings. ", "The options offered too much or too little — none met her needs and nothing felt...\n\nNew Perspective Senior Living | Roseville\n\nThe location couldn't be better. ", "Situated in the heart of Roseville and nestled among the trees on the shore of beautiful Lake Owasso, New Perspective Senior Living | Roseville provides convenience along with the beauty and serenity of nature. ", "Everything you need, from healthcare to dining and...\n\nWaterford Estates and Manor\n\nThe Waterford Manor has been carefully designed to reflect the warmth and personality of those who make it their home. ", "Adjacent to a park, The Waterford campus encompasses a wildlife refuge, expansive grounds with paved walking paths and lovely gardens. ", "The Waterford welcomes you with caring staff...\n\nBrookdale Edina\n\nAt Brookdale, we make every moment of retirement count. ", "That’s because Brookdale’s Independent Living, Assisted Living, and Memory Care experiences provide everything you need to make the most of your retirement years. ", "With fine features, amenities, and attentive service, you will feel right at...\n\nLandings of Blaine\n\nBrookdale Blaine has been a part of the local community for over 15 years. ", "We provide a warm, cozy environment for seniors looking for personalized assisted living services. ", "Each resident and staff member is an integral part of our family. ", "Our small size allows everyone to feel safe. ", "Our atmosphere...\n\nRakhma Joy\n\nRakhma is not 'a home'; rather it is home, where friends sing together, take walks together, and forgive repeated stories. ", "Rakhma was a pioneer in offering alternatives to the typical long-term care setting, and has been a beacon of light for many families struggling with the devastating effects of...\n\nNew Perspective Senior Living l Woodbury\n\nFounded in 1998, New Perspective Senior Living (NPSL) is a family owned company that operates and develops Senior Living Communities throughout the Midwest. ", "Our foundational belief—that all seniors deserve attentive, personalized, respectful care that support Living Life with Purpose and aging with...\n\nThe Waters of Plymouth\n\nThe Waters of Plymouth, a relatively new impressively beautiful community, is located in Plymouth, Hennepin County, Minnesota. ", "Plymouth provides opportunities for residents and guests to get out and enjoy natural and cultural attractions. ", "Those visiting Plymouth will enjoy discovering the French...\n\nThe Waters of Oakdale\n\nWhether you prefer to relax in the comfort of home, explore Oakdale’s amazing parks and nature centers, or shop for deals at the nearby shopping malls, The Waters of Oakdale is the ideal Community for independent senior living. ", "Don’t spend a minute worrying about having the services you need, now or...\n\nTowerlight Senior Living\n\nLocated in historic St. Louis Park, Minnesota, TowerLight on Wooddale Avenue offers beautifully appointed Independent Living Apartments, innovative Assisted Living Apartments, state-of-the art Memory Care and rehabilitative Care Suites and only minutes from downtown Minneapolis and Edina.", "\n\nVista Prairie at River Heights\n\nVista Prairie at River Heights provides seniors with assisted living in the great city of Saint Paul, Ramsey County, Minnesota. ", "Those who visit Saint Paul will find that the city has much to offer. ", "Guests of our residents will want to check out the Como Park Zoo and Conservatory, as well as the...\n\nParkshore Senior Campus\n\nParkshore Senior Community is conveniently located in St. Louis Park just steps away from Byerly's, Park Nicollet Medical Center and Target. ", "Wolfe Lake Park is just outside your door. ", "Since 1988 Parkshore Senior Community has been committed to a continuum of care for our residents. ", "This commitment...\n\nNew Perspective Senior Living - Carlson Parkway\n\nNew Perspective Senior Living- Carlson Parkway is an exclusive senior living community offering Assisted Living and Alzheimer's and Dementia Care in Minnetonka, Minnesota with 24/7 on-site nursing. ", "Set in a quiet residential neighborhood, our campus features beautifully landscaped grounds with a...\n\nEdgewood Senior Living\n\nOPENED IN JANUARY 2014 . ", "Edgewood Senior Living is a small one-level community that offers 34 assisted living apartments and 25 apartments designed with memory care programs and services. ", "We have a combination of studio, one and two bedroom apartments. ", "Care staff is on-site 24/7, all meals included...\n\nWatermark Senior Living\n\nOur memory care community provides assistance for seniors with memory loss issues. ", "This special residence is designed to care exclusively for residents with Alzheimer’s Disease or other forms of memory impairments. ", "Close supervision is provided 24 hours a day in a secure, friendly, residential...\n\nTradition Living\n\nLiving life well is what Tradition is all about. ", "Tradition is a rental community offering Independent and Assisted Living for mature residents who appreciate the finer things in life. ", "Professionally managed and meticulously maintained, beautiful both inside and out, making it a premier choice for...\n\nThe Homestead at Maplewood\n\nThe Homestead at Maplewood's is a 61 unit community that offers both assisted living and memory support services. ", "The assisted living has 45 apartments and is designed to help preserve quality of life, respect for the individual and the highest level of independence. ", "Our programs and services...\n\nDivine Healing Home Care\n\nDivine Healing Home Care is designed in a way that is as warm, inviting, and homelike as possible. ", "Our location provides a perfect atmosphere. ", "The outdoors gives a cozy feeling in each season. ", "The home is equipped with experienced, loving, and caring staff. ", "Our caregivers aim is to provide a...\n\nSunrise of Golden Valley\n\nSunrise Senior Living of Golden Valley has been open five years and offers a high level of care in both assisted living and memory care neighborhoods. ", "As part of Sunrise, we bring over 29 years of experience in senior housing. ", "This newer community is conveniently located just outside the Minneapolis...\n\nRose Arbor & Wildflower Lodge\n\nRelax and enjoy the finer things in life at Rose Arbor & Wildflower Lodge, offering Independent Living, Assisted Living and Memory Care services in Maple Grove, Minnesota. ", "Our caring and professional staff provides a helping hand for residents who may appreciate assistance with activities of daily...\n\nChandler Place\n\nStep into Chandler Place and take comfort in knowing that you have come to the right place. ", "We have been a part of the St. Anthony community for many years, delivering a lifestyle of care, value and well-being amidst a beautiful setting. ", "Here you will find a thriving community of residents from all...\n\nBentson Family Assisted Living\n\nBentson Family Assisted Living Residence Distinctive and inviting — discover all the Bentson has to offer. ", "Live life in your own unique way in the comfort of your own 'home' with additional assistance as needed. ", "48 studio, one and two-bedroom apartments Emergency call systems Access...\n\nCopperfield Hill\n\nCopperfield Hill offers Independent Living, Assisted Living and Memory Care. ", "Our community is situated 'in the heart of Robbinsdale'. ", "Robin Center and Crystal Lake are located just next door and North Memorial hospital is 1-mile south of Copperfield Hill. ", "Our location offers convenience both to the...\n\nAutumn Glen Senior Living\n\nAutumn Glen Senior Living provides a variety of amenities including Healthsense Emergency Call and Wellness Monitoring. ", "So much in one location, allowing you the opportunity to create your own lifestyle experience. ", "Apartment Living, Studio Living, Assisted Living and Memory Care services are...\n\nNew Perspective Senior Living | Columbia Heights\n\nNew Perspective Senior Living | Columbia Heights is located just east of Minneapolis, near St. Anthony Village. ", "Creative interior design combines warm, friendly tones with the beauty and amenities of a fine hotel. ", "And when the resident comes first, there is no end to the great opportunities for...\n\nRakhma- Peace\n\nRakhma is not 'a home'; rather it is home, where friends sing together, take walks together, and forgive repeated stories. ", "Rakhma was a pioneer in offering alternatives to the typical long-term care setting, and has been a beacon of light for many families struggling with the devastating effects of...\n\nSaint Therese of New Hope\n\nAt Saint Therese of New Hope, our seniors enjoy life. ", "Founded in 1968, our community has evolved over the decades, expanding our services to anticipate and address the changing needs of seniors. ", "We provide secure, stress-free living and the very best in senior care and housing with a commitment to...\n\nGood Life Senior Living Hugo\n\nIf you are looking for care for your loved one who struggles with Memory, Dementia, or just needs Assisted Care, at Good Life we offer a smaller, more intimate, and more personal setting for our residents to call home. ", "Being at home is such an important part of achieving a higher level of care. ", "When...\n\nAugustana Apartments of Minneapolis\n\nOur Mission is to foster fullness of life for the older adult and other people in need through the provision of housing and health care in a Christian environment. ", "Augustana Apartments, located conveniently close to downtown Minneapolis offers spacious apartments with fabulous views of the skyline...\n\nVillage Shores\n\nVillage Shores Senior Community is located in Richfield Minnesota’s thriving urban center. ", "Located in the Lakes of Lyndale District, Village Shores is surrounded by Wood Lake and Richfield Lake which offer walking trails and green spaces for residents. ", "In addition, the location offers many...\n\nSunrise of Roseville\n\nIn elegant, residential environments, we deliver the finest in senior care, and are recognized internationally for both quality and innovation. ", "Guided by our Principles of Service, Sunrise affords families peace-of-mind by providing today's seniors with a range of personalized assisted living...\n\nThe Kenwood\n\nThe Kenwood Retirement Community, right in the heart of beautiful Minneapolis, brings Independent and Assisted Living to a new high. ", "Here, seniors experience an active, carefree life in a luxurious but affordable environment. ", "With 12 different floor plans to choose from, all offering unique and...\n\nHope's Residence\n\nWho We Are We apply a unique approach to care by providing personalized services to residents. ", "Care programs are kept flexible and the staff members are trained for competence in adjusting to the needs of the residents in our home. ", "It is our aim to achieve the efficient maintenance of residents'...\n\nThe Homestead at Anoka\n\nA Senior Living and Care Community At The Homestead at Anoka, your living experience is your choice. ", "Spacious, well-appointed apartment homes within The Homestead offer you independent living, a variety of assisted-living services, and a comfortable memory support neighborhood. ", "Just a few steps...\n\nComfort Residence Saint Louis Park\n\nSt. Louis Park Assisted Living & Memory Care St. Louis Park Assisted Living & Memory Care is located in Saint Louis Park, Hennepin County, Minnesota. ", "The staff in this assisted living community are great and they have been trained to work with Alzheimer’s residents as well as providing...\n\nBrookdale West St. Paul\n\nBrookdale West St. Paul is a quaint, homelike assisted living community in St. Paul, Minnesota. ", "Located in an exclusive residential neighborhood near Thompson Oaks Golf Course and the West St. Paul Sports Complex, our campus is just a short drive from downtown St. Paul and Minneapolis. ", "This intimate...\n\nThe Wellington Senior Living\n\nNestled in the quiet Shepard Park neighborhood of Highland Park in St. Paul, The Wellington Assisted Living has been a part of the community serving older adults and their families for 30 years. ", "Our location is convenient to downtown St. Paul, the Highland Village area, the Minneapolis/St. Paul...\n\nHeathers Manor\n\nHeathers Manor Assisted Living is nestled up against Bassett Creek park surrounded by a serene landscape of Waterfalls, ponds, fountains and a beautiful backyard of colorful foliage. ", "Our homemade cuisine is prepared by our four chefs of nutritional quality and inspired for delightful dining...\n\nBickford of Champlin\n\nWe began our quest into senior living because of our love for our beloved mother, Mary Bickford, whose needs became too great for us to manage. ", "As we researched senior living options, we were shocked at our findings. ", "The options offered too much or too little — none met her needs and nothing felt..." ]

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[ "Q:\n\nProblema de maior e menor valor com while. (", "Sem utilizar lista!)", "\n\nEscreva um programa que leia um número inteiro N e em seguida leia N \n números reais, separando o menor e o maior, apresentando-os na tela.", "\nN = int(input(\"Digite N: \"))\ni = 0\nma = 'maior'\nme = 'menor'\nme = x\nwhile i < N:\n x = float(input(\"Digite um número: \"))\n ma = x\n me < ma\n i = i + 1\n if x > ma:\n ma = x\n if x < me:\n me = x\nprint ('O maior valor digitado foi {} e o menor foi {}'.format(ma,me))\n\nNo programa se pede para que o usuário digite um valor inteiro N para depois ler N números reais e, com isso, mostrar o menor e maior valor dentre aqueles. ", "A questão é que estou fazendo sem utilizar o método de lista. (", "programação iniciante.) ", "Este código funciona em alguns testes, porém em outros não.", "\nSei que o problema está na declaração de variavéis ou nas condições das funções if. ", "Porém não enxergo/consigo arrumar esses erros. ", "\n\nA:\n\nSeu código:\n 1 N = int(input(\"Digite N: \")) \n 2 i = 0 \n 3 ma = 'maior' \n 4 me = 'menor' \n 5 me = x \n 6 while i < N: \n 7 x = float(input(\"Digite um número: \")) \n 8 ma = x \n 9 me < ma \n 10 i = i + 1 \n 11 if x > ma: \n 12 ma = x \n 13 if x < me: \n 14 me = x \n 15 print ('O maior valor digitado foi {} e o menor foi {}'.format(ma,me))\n\nConsiderações:\n\nNas linhas 3 e 4 você define as variáveis ma e me como strings, o que não faz sentido;\nJá na linha 5 você coloca que me será igual à x, sendo que o objeto x nem está definido ainda;\nNa linha 8, você define que sempre que for lido um novo número, o maior valor, ma, será igual a ele; por quê atualizar o valor de ma neste ponto?", "\nNa linha 9 existe uma expressão aleatória que simplesmente não fez sentido nenhum;\nNa linha 11 você compara se o valor lido é maior que ma, mas como na linha 8 colocou que ma = x, eles sempre serão iguais e, por isso, a condição jamais será satisfeita;\n\nOutras linhas que não comentei até fazem sentido, tais como a leitura de valor de N, o laço de repetição while, a leitura de x e a atualização do menor valor.", "\n\n" ]

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[ "Projection display systems based on phase modulators are under development as alternatives to displays based on amplitude modulators. ", "For example, when a liquid crystal on silicon (LCOS) phase modulator is programmed with a kinoform, the corresponding real image is obtained by illuminating the modulator with a laser.", "\nDisplays based on phase modulators have better optical efficiency than those using amplitude modulators such as conventional liquid crystals, digital mirror devices or MEMS light valves. ", "A phase modulator steers input light to a projection screen while an amplitude modulator discards light to create dark states. ", "Typical video content is only about 25% as bright as the maximum brightness state; e.g. an all white image. ", "A display system using a phase modulator for video therefore requires only one quarter the optical input power of a corresponding system using an amplitude modulator.", "\nCompared to amplitude modulators, phase modulators are also more tolerant to pixel failures, lens aberrations and variations in beam quality from light sources. ", "However, two-dimensional phase modulators for video depend on high-speed computing to calculate their input signals. ", "Their success in video projection “is directly linked to the availability of fast two-dimensional FFT processors,” according to Georgiou et al. (", "Journal of Optics A: Pure and Applied Optics 10 (2008) 035302). ", "Phase modulators may also generate unwanted image artifacts if they are unable to create all phases from zero through 2π.", "\nA one-dimensional phase modulator for a light steering optical switch was described by Bloom and Godil (U.S. Pat. ", "No. ", "6,268,952) as a way to “emulate a continuous mirror tilted by using discrete reflective segments.” ", "Their phase modulator couples light from fiber optic inputs to fiber optic outputs. ", "The light steering optical switch takes advantage of reflective MEMS ribbon technology which can produce switching speeds as fast as 20 nanoseconds.", "\nDespite conventional thinking that a two-dimensional phase modulator is required to create a two-dimensional image, what is needed is a display system based on a one-dimensional phase modulator. ", "Such a system should make use of the high switching speeds available with some optical MEMS to provide an escape from the limitations of current two-dimensional phase modulator based display systems while retaining their robustness and optical efficiency." ]

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[ "FYI\n---------------------- Forwarded by Sara Shackleton/HOU/ECT on 02/02/2000 \n04:11 PM ---------------------------\n\n\nDavid Minns@ENRON_DEVELOPMENT\n02/02/2000 03:39 PM\nTo: Sara Shackleton/HOU/ECT@ECT\ncc: Alan Aronowitz@ECT \nSubject: Re: Australian counterparties - Guaranty in connection with ISDA \nMaster Swap Agreement \n\nSara, US legal opinions on guaranties is a hot issue for us. ", "We needed to get \none when we were first granted our licence to trade electricity derivatives \nin 1998 from Cadwalader Wickersham and Taft. ", "It advises on the enforcability \nof a guaranty under NY law in NY. ", "I will fax it to you. ", "I was planning on \ngetting an updated opinion as our guaranty form has developed. ", "Also there are \nseveral counterparties who are insisting on an individual opinion, which to \ndate we have not been willing give. ", " \n\nI am also working through Clement Abrams to get a legal opinion From Vincent \nand Elkins on the enforceability of judgment in Australian court in respect \nof a Guaranty in NY. ", "That is a more complicated exercise.", "\n\nAnyway to answer your question it is customary to an extent. ", "A number of law \nfirms advise their clients to get to cover themselves. ", "Who is the \ncounterparty? ", " \n\n\n\nSara Shackleton@ECT\n02/03/2000 04:47 AM\nTo: David Minns/ENRON_DEVELOPMENT@ENRON_DEVELOPMENT\ncc: \n\nSubject: Australian counterparties - Guaranty in connection with ISDA Master \nSwap Agreement\n\nI am negotiating an ISDA on behalf of ENA with an Australian corporate \ninsisting upon a legal opinion (enforceability) with respect to the Enron \nCorp. guaranty. ", " Is this a customary request by Australian corporates that \nyou would normally grant? ", " If so, who has issued the opinion? ", " I look forward \nto your reply. ", " Regards. ", " Sara" ]

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[ " FILED\n NOT FOR PUBLICATION MAR 22 2013\n\n MOLLY C. DWYER, CLERK\n UNITED STATES COURT OF APPEALS U .S. C O U R T OF APPE ALS\n\n\n\n\n FOR THE NINTH CIRCUIT\n\n\n\nWILLIAM RAINER, No. ", "08-17128\n\n Plaintiff - Appellant, D.C. No. ", "1:04-cv-05343-OWW-\n DLB\n v.\n\nD. CHAPMAN; et al., ", " MEMORANDUM *\n\n Defendants - Appellees.", "\n\n\n\n Appeal from the United States District Court\n for the Eastern District of California\n Oliver W. Wanger, District Judge, Presiding\n\n Submitted March 12, 2013 **\n\nBefore: PREGERSON, REINHARDT, and W. FLETCHER, Circuit Judges.", "\n\n Former California state prisoner William Rainer appeals pro se from the\n\ndistrict court’s judgment dismissing his 42 U.S.C. § 1983 action alleging due\n\nprocess violations. ", "We have jurisdiction under 28 U.S.C. § 1291. ", "We review de\n\n\n\n\n *\n This disposition is not appropriate for publication and is not precedent\nexcept as provided by 9th Cir. ", "R. 36-3.", "\n **\n The panel unanimously concludes this case is suitable for decision\nwithout oral argument. ", "See Fed. ", "R. App. ", "P. 34(a)(2).", "\n\fnovo a dismissal for failure to state a claim under 28 U.S.C. §§ 1915A and\n\n1915(e)(2). ", "Resnick v. Hayes, 213 F.3d 443, 447 (9th Cir. ", "2000); Barren v.\n\nHarrington, 152 F.3d 1193, 1194 (9th Cir. ", "1998) (order). ", "We affirm.", "\n\n The district court properly dismissed Rainer’s due process claims based on\n\nhis removal from his work assignment and transfer from the facility where his job\n\nwas located because these allegations did not give rise to a constitutionally\n\nprotected liberty or property interest. ", "See Sandin v. Conner, 515 U.S. 472, 484\n\n(1995) (requiring “atypical and significant hardship on the inmate in relation to the\n\nordinary incidents of prison life” or a restraint that exceeds the prisoner’s sentence\n\nin “an unexpected manner” to state a liberty interest); Walker v. Gomez, 370 F.3d\n\n969, 973 (9th Cir. ", "2004) (there is no liberty or property interest in prison\n\nemployment).", "\n\n The district court properly dismissed Rainer’s due process claim based on\n\ndefendants’ processing of Rainer’s administrative grievances because prisoners do\n\nnot have a protected liberty interest in a particular grievance procedure. ", "See\n\nRamirez v. Galaza, 334 F.3d 850, 860 (9th Cir. ", "2003).", "\n\n AFFIRMED.", "\n\n\n\n\n 2 08-17128\n\f" ]

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[ "Entrepreneur Tech: iPhone apps from savvy startups\n\nSummary: Startups are creating innovative mobile apps destined for success. ", "This week, 17-year-old Nick D'Alosio sold his Summly app to Yahoo for about $30 million. ", "We look at other iPhone apps created by startups that could also be in the same position one day.", "\n\nMove\n\nThe Move app records all of the walking, cycling, and running you do. ", "The storyline shows where and how much you moved during the day.", "\n\nThe app automatically recognizes activities (walking, running, cycling, transportation), routes, and places. ", "The data is visualized on a map and a daily storyline that encourages the user to take small steps towards more healthy habits and lifestyles. ", "There is no need to start and stop the app, as it runs continuously in the background.", "\n\nArro\n\nArro analyses ratings from stores. ", "When you want to buy something immediately, you don't have time to read reviews. ", "Arro shows your best choices and whether to get the product you're looking at in the store.", "\n\nYou do not need to do the research yourself — Arro simplifies the searching process. ", "When a friend needs advice, text them a link with your suggestions.", "\n\nArro was founded in Palo Alto, California, by Manish Vij, Sekhar Narayanaswami, and Aaron Snow.", "\n\n(Image: Arro)\n\nAudiobox\n\nAudiobox is a platform that lets you store, manage, and stream your media library online anytime and everywhere. ", "It provides integrations with third-party services, such as Last.fm, YouTube, Dropbox, Twitter, and Facebook.", "\n\nAudioBox.fm lets the user stream an entire music library through the Cloud Web Player, an online media player working with any common web browser.", "\n\nAudiobox was founded by Fabio Tunno, Claudio Poli, and Valerio Chiodino, and is based in Brooklyn, New York.", "\n\n(Image: Audiobox)\n\nCelly\n\nFounded by Russell Okamoto and Greg Passmore, Celly aims to create networks where existing social networks don’t work.", "\n\nCelly provides a quick way to form a group that everyone can join. ", "Participants can be organized into cells of unlimited size by texting a single message.", "\n\nIn schools, students and teachers can communicate with Celly whilst keeping phone numbers private. ", "Group messages can be moderated by one or more curators to keep conversations on-topic.", "\n\nFor city governments, businesses, and neighborhoods, each bureau, office, or block can communicate internally using private cells, which can be linked together into a larger network using hashlinks.", "\n\n(Image: Celly)\n\nGympact\n\nGymPact, based in San Francisco, California, sets a committment for you to go to the gym — with a financial penalty if you don't get there. ", "If you meet your committment, you get a financial reward.", "\n\nYour penalties go towards paying other GymPact members that meet their exercise commitments. ", "It is integrated with Runkeeper for when you excercise outside.", "\n\nFounders Yifan Zhang and Geoff Oberhofer secured $118,000 funding in January 2012, with a further $850,000 in June 2012.", "\n\n(Image: GymPact)\n\nHubble\n\nHubble is a private sharing app that gives the family one place to see messages, check-ins, and shared experiences. ", "Hubblegrams — digital postcards — can be sent to selected family members within your private Hubbe network.", "\n\nHubble's purpose is to help you stay connected with the people you are closest to — your family. ", "You can stay in touch, share experiences, and remember special and everyday moments of your family's life.", "\n\nHubble founders Robert Evans and Andre Neumann-Loreck run Hubble from San Francisco, California.", "\n\n(Image: Hubble)\n\nRelay\n\nRelay helps you discover the newest and best visual entertainment from around the web. ", "Find GIFs, videos, and images, and send them (\"relay\" them) to your friends.", "\n\nCo-founders Joe Rideout and John McGee run Relay from Toronto, Canada, and have raised $700,00 in seed funding.", "\n\n(Image: Relay)\n\nHushed\n\nHushed gives you the ability to create private, loca,l and international disposable numbers to place voice calls and send SMS messages anonymously. ", "Having a private number allows users to continue the conversation on a more personal level without compromising security and privacy.", "\n\nHushed numbers are temporary and can be disposed at any time.", "\n\nFounded by Justin Shimoon and Timo Mika Gläßer, Hushed is located in Gatineau, QC Canada.", "\n\n(Image: Hushed)\n\nLaveem\n\nLaveem gives consumers nutrition and allergen information for every food in the world to empower them to make better deciscions on their diets. ", "The core technology understands food compositon and nutrition.", "\n\nLaveem reads what allergens and ingredients food contains, what food groups it represents, what major flavorings it contains, and what dishes it is similar to. ", "The food information is organised so that queries return answers in a way relevant to your needs.", "\n\nRoximity\n\nRoximity is a location-based alert system that sends targeted contextual offers, alerts, and messages to potential customers that are in the vicinity of their stores. ", "Sign up for notifications and be alerted when sales and discounts are in store.", "\n\nRoximity was founded by Daniel Newman and Austin Gayer, and is located in Denver, Colorado.", "\n\n(Image: Roximity)\n\nSeesaw\n\nCo-founders Aaron Gotwait and Jesse Engle created Seesaw to enable you to make better decisions by asking your friends for feedback when you are choosing a product to purchase. ", "You can receive an SMS message or see the options on your iPhone, and then vote and give feedback to help your friends decide.", "\n\nSeesaw is located in San Francisco, California.", "\n\n(Image: Seesaw)\n\nUbooly\n\nUbooly turns your iPhone or iPod touch into an interactive soft toy for children. ", "Buy the toy for $29.95, download the app, insert the iPhone into the soft toy pocket, and give the pet voice instructions such as \"play a game\".", "\n\nUbooly is based in Colorado, and was founded by Carly Gloge and Isaac Squires.", "\n\n(Image: Ubooly)\n\nSunrise\n\nSunrise is a calendar app for your iPhone and is intended for Google Calendar users. ", "It integrates with Eventbrite and LinkedIn, and shows birthdays and events from Facebook.", "\n\nIt was founded by Pierre Valade and Jeremy Le Van, and and is located in New York City.", "\n\nEileen Brown is a social business consultant who has been working with collaborative technologies for 20 years. ", "Eileen creates the social business, energises communities and ignites social commerce and social CRM. ", "She develops social business strategy, customer reach and online branding. ", "Her book, Working The Crowd: Social Media Marketi...\nFull Bio\n\nDisclosure\n\nEileen Brown is an independent consultant who works for Amastra. ", "Her opinions are her own. ", "She worked at Microsoft from 2001 to 2009. ", "She has no other affiliation to any of the companies that she mentions here." ]

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[ "Solid electrolyte batteries are based on the principle of solid electrolyte fuel cells which are expanded by addition of storage elements to the battery. ", "These storage elements usually comprise ceramic main elements in which particles of a metal and/or a metal oxide which together form a redox pair are embedded. ", "In the charged state of the battery, the particles are reduced to the metal. ", "Energy can be obtained by means of atmospheric oxygen and be taken off as electric energy at the tapping poles of the batteries. ", "When the metal particles are completely oxidized to the respective metal oxide, the battery is discharged. ", "In order to recharge the battery, the fuel cell is then operated in the electrolysis mode, forming hydrogen which reduces the metal oxides back to the metal.", "\nThe discharging process, i.e. the oxidation of the metal particles into solid, is based predominantly on cationic diffusion. ", "During the discharging process, there is therefore gradual migration of the metal of the metal particles in the direction of the oxygen source, since diffusion of the metal species occurs preferentially over the diffusion of the oxygen species. ", "This leads to a continuous degradation of the storage structure and thus to a gradual change in the charging and discharging characteristics, to an increase in the charging and discharging times required and also to a decrease in the useful capacity.", "\nFurthermore, the cationic diffusion leads to nonoptimal reaction kinetics of the redox process, since oxygen transport is inhibited in the center of the storage particles or layers." ]

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[ "Q:\n\nPandas conditional creation of a dataframe column: based on multiple conditions max\n\nI have a df:\n dog1 dog2 cat1 cat2 ant1 ant2\n0 1 2 3 4 5 6\n1 1 2 3 4 0 0\n2 3 3 3 3 3 3\n3 4 3 2 1 1 0\n\nI want to add a new column based on the following conditions:\n if max(dog1, dog2) > max(cat1, cat2) > max(ant1, ant2) -----> 2\n elif max(dog1, dog2) > max(cat1, cat2) -----> 1\n elif max(dog1, dog2) < max(cat1, cat2) < max(ant1, ant2) -----> -2\n elif max(dog1, dog2) < max(cat1, cat2) -----> -1\n else -----> 0\n\nSo it should become this:\n dog1 dog2 cat1 cat2 ant1 ant2 new\n0 1 2 3 4 5 6 -2\n1 1 2 3 4 0 0 -1\n2 3 3 3 3 3 3 0\n3 4 3 2 1 1 0 2 \n\nI know how to do it with straightforward condition, but not this kind with max. ", "What's the best way to do it?", "\n\nA:\n\nYou can use .max(axis=1) function in pandas for it:\nconditions = [\n (df[['dog1','dog2']].max(axis=1) > df[['cat1','cat2']].max(axis=1)) & (df[['cat1','cat2']].max(axis=1) > df[['ant1','ant2']].max(axis=1)), \n (df[['dog1','dog2']].max(axis=1) > df[['cat1','cat2']].max(axis=1)),\n (df[['dog1','dog2']].max(axis=1) < df[['cat1','cat2']].max(axis=1)) & (df[['cat1','cat2']].max(axis=1) < df[['ant1','ant2']].max(axis=1)), \n (df[['dog1','dog2']].max(axis=1) < df[['cat1','cat2']].max(axis=1))]\nchoices = [2,1,-2,-1]\ndf['new'] = np.select(conditions, choices, default=0)\n\noutput:\n dog1 dog2 cat1 cat2 ant1 ant2 new\n0 1 2 3 4 5 6 -2\n1 1 2 3 4 0 0 -1\n2 3 3 3 3 3 3 0\n3 4 3 2 1 1 0 2\n\n" ]

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[ "2002–03 FC Dinamo București season\n\n{{Infobox football club season\n| club = FC Dinamo Bucureşti\n| season = 2002-03\n| manager = Cornel DinuIon Moldovan (rounds 1-3)Florin Marin (rounds 4-7)Cornel Dinu (rounds 8-18)Ioan Andone\n| mgrtitle = Manager\n| chairman = \n| chrtitle = \n| league = Liga I\n| league result = 6th\n| cup1 = Romanian Cup\n| cup1 result = Winner\n| cup2 = UEFA Champions League\n| cup2 result = 2nd qual. ", "round\n| league topscorer = Ionel Dănciulescu (16 goals)\n| season topscorer = \n| highest attendance = \n| lowest attendance = \n| average attendance = \n| prevseason = 2001-02\n| nextseason = 2003-04\n}}\n\nThe 2002-03 season was FC Dinamo Bucureşti's 54th season in Divizia A. In this season, Dinamo was affected again by the big number of players who left the team, which became a tradition for the bosses of the club to sell players after winning a title. ", "Thus, Dinamo was again facing another reconstruction. ", "They started the season badly, losing the two games in the UEFA Champions League qualifying phase, and leaving early the European competitions. ", "Cornel Dinu was sacked after this two losses. ", "In Divizia A Dinamo had hard times, changing a lot of managers and losing seven consecutive games. ", "The team finished the season on the sixth position. ", "A momentum of the season came in November, in the Romanian Cup, last 16, where Dinamo met the biggest rival Steaua. ", "Dinamo won 3-0 the game played at the Cotroceni stadium. ", "After Ioan Andone came to the team, Dinamo played a spectacular semifinal with Astra Ploieşti. ", "They lost the first game, 2-1 in Ploieşti in the middle of the crisis, but then the team beat Astra in Bucharest 3-1 after extra time. ", "They then went on to win the Romanian Cup, after beating FC Naţional in the final 1-0 on a goal scored by Iulian Tameş.", "\n\n Results \n\n UEFA Champions League Second qualifying roundClub Brugge KV won 4-1 on aggregate' Squad \nGoalkeepers: Cristian Munteanu (20/0), Daniel Tudor (6/0), Ştefan Preda (7/0).", "\n\nDefenders: Angelo Alistar (1/0), Ovidiu Burcă (12/0), Alexandru Marius Dragomir (3/0), Cornel Frăsineanu (17/1), Bogdan Onuț (21/1), Gheorghe Popescu (8/0), Dorin Semeghin (1/0), Flavius Stoican (21/0), Iosif Tâlvan (10/0), Gabriel Tamaş (21/3).", "\n\nMidfielders: Dan Alexa (24/0), Mugur Bolohan (6/0), Ciprian Danciu (4/0), Ştefan Grigorie (23/2), Giani Kiriţă (23/1), Vlad Munteanu (21/2), Florin Pârvu (19/0), Florentin Petre (25/2), Iulian Tameş (20/2).", "\n\nForwards: Cosmin Bărcăuan (23/12), Ionel Dănciulescu (26/16), Claudiu Drăgan (12/0), Ciprian Marica (10/1), Nicolae Mitea (9/0), Claudiu Niculescu (2/5).", "\n\n Transfers New players: Gh.", "Popescu (Lecce), Alexa, Grigorie, Stoican, Bărcăuan (all from U.Craiova).Left team:'' Prunea, Bolohan (FCM Bacău), O.Stângă (U.Craiova), Zicu (Farul)\n\nReferences\n\nExternal links \n www.labtof.ro\n Romaniansoccer.ro\n Worldfootball.net\n\nCategory:FC Dinamo București seasons\nDinamo Bucuresti" ]

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[ "#import \"UIView+HDHelpers.h\"\n#import <objc/runtime.h>\n\n@implementation UIView (HDHelpers)\n\n-(UIView *) getChildWithPointerValue:(NSInteger) pointerValue {\n\n if((NSInteger)self == pointerValue)\n return self;\n \n for(UIView *view in self.subviews) {\n UIView *foundView = [view getChildWithPointerValue:pointerValue];\n if (foundView !", "= nil) {\n return foundView;\n }\n }\n \n return nil;\n}\n\n-(void) executeScript:(NSString *) script withCompletionHandler:(HDScriptExecutionCompletionHandler) handler {\n \n}\n\n-(NSInteger) pointerValue {\n // Yuck!", "\n return (NSInteger)self;\n}\n\n-(NSString *) remoteObjectDescription {\n return self.description;\n}\n\n-(NSString *) viewControllerClass {\n UIResponder *responder = self;\n\n while ((responder = [responder nextResponder])) {\n\n if ([responder isKindOfClass: [UIViewController class]]) {\n return NSStringFromClass([responder class]);\n }\n \n }\n \n return nil;\n}\n\n-(NSArray *) pathToRoot {\n NSMutableArray *array = [[NSMutableArray alloc] init];\n id currentObject = self;\n do {\n [array addObject:NSStringFromClass([currentObject class])];\n } while((currentObject = [currentObject superview]));\n return array;\n}\n\n-(NSArray *) serializableProperties {\n return @[\n @\"pointerValue\",\n @\"bounds\",\n @\"center\",\n @\"subviews\",\n @\"frame\",\n @\"classHierarchy\",\n @\"viewControllerClass\",\n @\"pathToRoot\",\n @\"remoteObjectDescription\",\n ];\n}\n\n-(void) setNonKVCCompliantValue:(id) value forKey:(NSString *) string {\n if (![", "string isEqualToString:@\"subviews\"]) {\n return;\n }\n \n NSAssert([value isKindOfClass:[NSArray class]], @\"Subview must be arrays\");\n \n NSArray *newSubviews = (NSArray *)value;\n \n // Remove all current subviews\n while (self.subviews.count !", "= 0) {\n [(self.subviews)[0] removeFromSuperview];\n }\n \n for(UIView *view in newSubviews) {\n [self addSubview:view];\n }\n}\n\n@end\n" ]

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[ "Highlight\n\nPlease Don’t Go! ", "Dealing With Separation Anxiety\n\nFeatured Video\n\nSeparation from parents is often stressful for young children. ", "During the first few days at preschool, it is likely for children to experience anxiety, particularly when their parents leave the school. ", "Some overcome this easily while others will express separation anxiety.", "\n\nMs Nithia Krishnan, Liaison Principal (Continuous Professional Development, Early Childhood Division) of Kinderland shares with us the possible triggers and signs.", "\n\nChildren tend to express separation anxiety through various signs. ", "Some express it through obvious actions such as tears, biting, thumb sucking, clinging to parents, clinging to comfort objects, whilst others express it through feelings such as throwing tantrums and displaying angry moods, frequent irritability or frustration in simple tasks.", "\n\nOthers display their anxiety through the disruption of usual routines. ", "They may refuse meals or refuse to sleep as a result of having nightmares due to the inbuilt fear that they had created. ", "They may also tend to have stomach upsets or frequent toilet accidents, which may delay their time to be present at school or hamper them from attending school.", "\n\nParents also face difficulties in understanding why their child is undergoing a period of separation anxiety. ", "Some question themselves while dealing with their child’s separation anxiety:\n\n– Do I feel guilty about putting your child at the Centre?– ", "Do I feel anxious about separation and the effects on your child?– ", "Do I feel overly protective towards your child?– ", "Am I concerned about the quality of care for your child?", "\n\nHow long will this anxiety last?", "\n\nThe good news is that given time, most children and their parents adjust to the new environment. ", "However, the period of adjustment varies from child to child, which can range from two days to about ten weeks. ", "The majority of children adapt to their environment in about a week.", "\n\nWhy are some children less anxious than others?", "\n\nThe period of time that a child takes to adjust depends on the child’s experiences with previous separations and on their personality and temperament towards adjusting to a new environment or a new caregiver. ", "How quickly a child adjusts is also influenced by the parent’s confidence in the caregiving arrangement.", "\n\nA child’s trust in his or her parent and the educator and their patience, understanding and support is vital for any child during this period of time, however a parent and an educator will need to consistently assure the child during his or her adjustment period.", "\n\nWhat can I do?", "\n\nBe calm and reassuring in your speech and manner. ", "Your anxiety can be felt by your child, who may then take a longer time to adjust to his new environment.", "\n\nAlways say goodbye with a smile and a hug; don’t sneak away without your child’s knowledge!", "\n\nEmphasize the positive elements and be supportive of your child’s attempts to join in group play\n\nBuild your child’s trust in you by keeping to your promises, and take time to explain when changes are made\n\nHave trust and confidence in the teachers and caregivers, and be an active partner in your child’s education." ]

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[ "Introduction\n\nAcute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) carrying the MLL rearrangement is a rare but very aggressive disease most frequently occurring in infant patients under the age of 1 year at diagnosis. ", "It is characterized by a dismal prognosis and typically associated to therapy resistance and high incidence of relapse (1). ", "The t(4;11)/MLL-AF4+ is the most recurrent translocation and almost exclusively associated to an early pro-B phenotype. ", "Despite the development and implementation of specific therapeutic protocols (2–4), infant patients with MLL-rearranged leukemia still suffer from a low cure rate. ", "Therefore, at present, new therapeutic approaches are urgently needed to improve the overall outcome of these patients.", "\n\nAlteration of the epigenome has a crucial role in human cancer. ", "Many studies have extensively demonstrated that the mechanism driving to MLL leukemia is mainly ascribable to the alteration of the chromatin structure induced by the MLL fusion, leading to the broad deregulation of a variety of target genes (5–7). ", "Therefore, MLL-rearranged infant leukemia may be considered indeed the paradigmatic example of an epigenetic disease and an optimal candidate for novel therapeutic interventions using epigenetic agents.", "\n\nSeveral studies reported the use of specific small molecule inhibitors targeting different epigenetic regulators taking part to the MLL complex and functionally involved in the recruitment of the transcriptional machinery, such as, the histone methyltransferase DOT1L, the bromodomain and extra-terminal (BET) proteins or the cofactor Menin (7–11). ", "The BET family of epigenetic adaptors (including BRD2, BRD3, and BRD4) bind to specific acetylated residues of the histone core through their bromodomains and mediate the assembly and the recruitment of the super-elongation complex to promote transcription (7). ", "By blocking the bromodomains, the BET inhibitors are able to abrogate the function of BET proteins and in particular BRD4. ", "The abrogation of BET functions using small molecule inhibitors was proven effective in hematological malignancies (9, 10, 12–14), and clinical trials with chemically different BET inhibitors are currently ongoing (15). ", "More recently, the superior efficacy of BET inhibitors when used in combination with HDAC inhibitors (HDACi) has been reported (16, 17). ", "The first two studies showing the antileukemic efficacy of BET inhibition were published back-to-back in Nature 2011 in two different mouse models of MLL-AF9+ AML, either by using an RNA interference strategy or small molecule inhibitors (9, 10). ", "However, at present, most of the studies were focused on MLL-rearranged AML and mainly used retroviral transduction models, human cell lines or patient-derived primary samples exposed to BET inhibitors in vitro (9, 10, 14). ", "Less is known about MLL-rearranged ALL, the most frequent type of leukemia occurring below the age of 1 year, and in particular, studies using xenotransplantations of patient-derived MLL-rearranged ALL primary samples are missing. ", "Additionally, with regard to the survival benefit given by BET inhibitors administration to mice, different studies reported discordant results (9, 18).", "\n\nHerein, we evaluate the efficacy of BET inhibition in MLL-AF4+ infant ALL, in a preclinical mouse model of xenotransplantation, as a possible alternative approach for the treatment of these young patients with high-risk leukemia.", "\n\nMaterials and Methods\n\nStudy approval\n\nThis study was conducted in accordance with the Declaration of Helsinki and approved by the local Ethics Committee and the scientific board of the Interfant Protocol (www.oncauvergne.fr/index.php?option=com_docman&task=doc_download&gid=944&Itemid). ", "The t(4;11)/MLL-AF4+ infant ALL patients used in this study were enrolled in the Interfant-06 Treatment Protocol (EuraCT Number: 2005-004599-19; ref. ", "4). ", "Samples were collected after having obtained the signed informed consent from the patients' parents. ", "The mononuclear cells were obtained from the Clinic of Pediatric Oncology BioBank in Padova in accordance with a material transfer agreement. ", "The clinical characteristics of patients are reported in Supplementary Table S1. ", "The animal experiments were performed in the Animal Facility at the University of Milano-Bicocca under the approval of the National Ministry of Public Health protocol nr. ", "64/2014-PR and in compliance with the National law Dlgs n.26/2014 and the European Directive 2010/63/UE. ", "Xenotransplantation assays and in vivo bioluminescence imaging for the combination study were performed at the Erasmus MC Animal Facility, Rotterdam, under the approval no. ", "EMC 3388 (103-14-03).", "\n\nCell lines\n\nThe SEM, RS4;11, MV4;11, KOPN8, and K562 human cell lines were purchased from DSMZ (www.dsmz.de/de) and maintained in complete RPMI medium. ", "The ALL-PO cell line was established in our laboratory from a 3-month-old female infant patient with t(4;11)/MLL-AF4+ ALL through serial transplantations into SCID mice (19) and maintained in complete RPMI advanced medium. ", "The luciferase-transduced SEM cell lines (SEM-SLIEW) were kindly provided by Dr. Stam, Dep. ", "of Pediatric Oncology/Hematology, Erasmus Medical Center, Rotterdam. ", "Cells were maintained in liquid culture for a maximum of 30 passages. ", "Cells were periodically tested and authenticated by phenotype analysis and RT-PCR detection of the fusion gene; mycoplasma was tested by PCR-based analysis.", "\n\nCell cycle, proliferation, and apoptosis analysis\n\nFor cell-cycle analysis, cells were resuspended in 350 μL of ice-cold saline solution containing glucose 1.1 g/L, NaCl 8 g/L, KCl 0.4 g/L, Na2HPO4.2H20 0.2 g/L, KH2PO4 0.15 g/L, and EDTA 0.2 g/L, passed through a 21G needle several times, fixed and permeabilized with 1 mL of EtOH (to a final concentration of 70%), stained with 500 μL of propidium Iodide 10 μg/mL (Sigma-Aldrich) + 25 μL of RNAse 1 mg/mL (Calbiochem) for 1 hour at 4°C in the dark and run by FACS. ", "Analysis was performed using the FlowJo software.", "\n\nFor analysis of cell proliferation, cells were prelabeled with 0.2 μL of carboxyfluorescein succinimidyl ester (CFSE) probe at the final concentration of 1 μmol/L using the CellTrace CFSE Cell Proliferation Kit (Life Technologies) for 15 minutes at room temperature in the dark, incubated for 5 additional minutes with 1 mL of fresh culture medium, washed, then plated in the presence of I-BET151 or DMSO and analyzed by FACS.", "\n\nFor analysis of apoptosis, cells were stained with annexin V/7-AAD (Apoptosis/Necrosis Detection Kit, Enzo Life Sciences) and anti-human CD45 and CD19 antibodies (Becton Dickinson). ", "The percentage of annexin V/7-AAD+ apoptotic cells was evaluated by FACS analysis gating on the CD45+CD19+ human population.", "\n\nIn vivo experiments\n\nThe freshly cultured SEM cell line or the thawed cells from primary patients (diagnosis or relapse) were transplanted intravenously into 6- to 12-week-old NOD.CB17-Prkdcscid/NcrCrl (NOD/SCID) mice. ", "Mice were checked daily and weighted twice a week to score weight loss as an early sign of illness or toxicity. ", "Mice were culled at the same time point for analysis of engraftment, or sacrificed when becoming moribund. ", "Engraftment was analyzed by FACS using anti-human CD45-APC (Becton Dickinson), anti-human CD19-PECy5 (Becton Dickinson), anti-mouse CD45-PE (eBioscience), and DAPI (Calbiochem). ", "The cutoff level for positivity was set to 0.1% human CD45+ cells (>0.1% hCD45+) of the live total mononuclear cells in the bone marrow (BM). ", "For in vivo imaging, SEM-SLIEW cells were transplanted into NOD.Cg-Prkdcscid Il2rgtm1Wjl/SzJ (NSG) recipients. ", "In vivo bioluminescence imaging was performed at the Applied Molecular Imaging Facility of Erasmus Medical Center in Rotterdam using an IVIS Spectrum Imaging System (Perkin Elmer) after intraperitoneal injection with RediJect D-Luciferin Bioluminescent Substrate (Perkin Elmer). ", "An injectable solution containing 3 mg/mL of I-BET151 in 5:95 v/v DMSO: (10%) w/v, Kleptose HPB in (0.9%/g) saline, pH5.0 was freshly prepared every week for intraperitoneal (i.p.) ", "administration to mice, according to the manufacturer's instructions. ", "Mice transplanted with SEM cell line were injected daily with I-BET151 30 mg/kg for 2 weeks, according to a previous study (9). ", "In mice transplanted with patient-derived samples, as primary cells have a slower kinetics of engraftment compared with SEM and the treatment needed to be protracted for a longer period, the dose of I-BET151 was reduced to 15 mg/kg and the treatment schedule adjusted to 5-day-on/2-day-off up to 7 weeks, which was much better tolerated and showed no toxicity or long-term side effects, also in agreement with later studies (18, 20). ", "For in vivo combination studies, an injectable solution containing 1 mg/mL of LBH589 was dissolved in 0.9% NaCl saline solution. ", "Mice were injected i.p. ", "with I-BET151 15 mg/kg and LBH589 5 mg/kg on the opposite flanks, according to a 5-day-on/2-day-off schedule, until they showed signs of overt disease or become moribund. ", "The in vivo data were analyzed by Mann–Whitney nonparametric statistical test. ", "Survival analysis was performed by Kaplan–Meier survival curve (log-rank Mantel–Cox test).", "\n\nGene expression profiling\n\nThe diagnostic or relapse sample from 3 MLL-AF4+ infant ALL patients (Pat.1, Pat.3 and Pat.4) were expanded in vivo through serial transplantations into NOD/SCID mice. ", "The BM cells were collected from leukemic mice (primary, secondary, or tertiary recipients) 12 to 26 weeks after transplantation. ", "Only those samples showing a robust engraftment (>70% hCD45+ cells in the BM) were selected for GEP analysis. ", "A total of 17 patient-derived xenograft samples were available: n = 8 from Pat.1, n = 4 from Pat.3, and n = 5 for Pat.4. ", "Each sample was exposed to I-BET151 10 μmol/L or DMSO ex vivo for 6 hours. ", "RNA was extracted with TRIzol (Invitrogen Life Technologies) from paired I-BET151- or DMSO-treated samples, quantified using Qubit HS-RNA Assay kit (Invitrogen Life Technologies) and checked for quality using the RNA 6000 NANO Assay kit on Agilent Bionalyzer (Agilent). ", "A total of 28 samples (n = 16 I-BET151 and n = 12 DMSO) were of enough quantity/quality to be processed for GEP. ", "Gene expression analysis was performed using the Affymetrix GeneChip Human Genome U133 Plus 2.0 array and the Affymetrix GeneChip 3′ IVT PLUS reagent kit according to the manufacturer's instructions.", "\n\nData analysis was performed using Bioconductor and R packages. ", "Probe level signals were converted to expression values using the robust multiarray averaging (RMA) algorithm. ", "Gene array data were deposited in NCBI's Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) accession number GSE79057. ", "Raw data were analyzed using the significance analysis of microarray (SAM) algorithm and/or the Shrinkage t statistic by setting a false discovery rate (FDR) <0.01. ", "The genes commonly identified with both SAM and Shrinkage t test analyses were intersected with those found to be differentially expressed in all the three patients, and the resulting probe set was defined as the “I-BET151 signature” (Supplementary Table S3).", "\n\nThe gene ontology (GO) analysis of the I-BET151 signature was performed using DAVID. ", "The analysis of Upstream Transcriptional Regulator was performed using the Ingenuity Pathway Analysis (IPA, Qiagen). ", "The Gene Set Enrichment Analysis (GSEA) was performed using the “Cancer Hallmark” or “C2cgp” molecular signatures databases with FDR q value <0.05 (Supplementary Table S4).", "\n\nMTS assay\n\nMLL-rearranged cell lines were seeded on a 96-well plate (5 × 105 cells/mL) and treated with different concentrations of prednisolone and/or I-BET151. ", "MTS assay was performed at day 4 after treatment, using the CellTiter 96 Aqueous Non-Radioactive Cell Proliferation Assay (Promega) on a VersaMax Microplate Reader (Molecular Devices).", "\n\nAdditional information available in Supplementary Methods.", "\n\nResults\n\nThe effect of BET function abrogation was first assessed in three different human ALL cell lines carrying the MLL-AF4 fusion (namely, SEM, RS4;11, ALL-PO), using the BET inhibitor I-BET151. ", "Treatment with I-BET151 inhibits the growth of MLL-AF4+ cells in vitro, while sparing K562 cells (Fig. ", "1A). ", "I-BET151 affects the cell cycle, as shown by a decrease of cells in S-phase and an increase in G0–G1 phase (Fig. ", "1B) and blocks the mitotic cell division of MLL-AF4+ cells (Fig. ", "1C). ", "Finally, I-BET151 rapidly induces apoptosis in MLL-rearranged cell lines treated in vitro (Fig. ", "1D), as well as in patient-derived xenograft samples (both at diagnosis and relapse) exposed to the compound ex vivo (Supplementary Fig. ", "S1).", "\n\nI-BET151 treatment inhibits the growth of MLL-AF4+ cells in vitro. ", "A, Growth inhibition assay. ", "Different MLL-AF4+ cell lines are shown (SEM, RS4;11, ALL-PO, MV4;11); K562 was used as control. ", "The number of viable cells was evaluated through viability dye staining and light microscopy cell counting. ", "B, Cell-cycle analysis. ", "The percentage of cells after 24 hours of treatment in each phase is reported, showing an increase of G0–G1 phase (+55.6%), a decrease of S-phase (−52.3%) and G2–M phase (−28.6%). ", "Data refer to one cell line are shown, representative of different MLL-AF4+ cell lines. ", "C, Proliferation assay using CSFE cell trace staining. ", "Data from one representative cell line are reported. ", "D, Analysis of apoptosis. ", "Numbers indicate to the percentage of cells in each quadrant, gated on live cells. ", "I-BET, I-BET151 10 μmol/L; DMSO, vehicle. ", "Data from one representative cell line are reported.", "\n\nTreatment with I-BET151 impairs the engraftment and the disease burden of MLL-AF4+ infant ALL in vivo\n\nThe efficacy of I-BET151 treatment in vivo was evaluated in a xenotransplantation mouse model of MLL-AF4+ ALL. ", "At first, we used the human MLL-AF4+ ALL cell line SEM. ", "One week after transplantation, mice were treated with I-BET151 or the vehicle (DMSO) every day for 2 weeks and then culled for the engraftment analysis. ", "Strikingly, we observed that all the mice in the control group were positively engrafted, while in the BM of treated mice, the leukemic engraftment was not detectable, or below the cutoff level of positivity (≤0.1% hCD45+; Fig. ", "2A).", "\n\nI-BET151 treatment impairs the engraftment of MLL-AF4+ ALL cells in vivo. ", "A, Analysis of engraftment in primary NOD/SCID mice transplanted with SEM cell line (9 × 106 cells/mouse) treated with I-BET151 30 mg/kg. ", "Treatment started 1 week after transplantation. ", "The leukemic engraftment (% hCD45+) was measured by FASC analysis in the bone marrow (BM) of transplanted mice, 2 weeks after treatment. ", "B, Analysis of engraftment and cellularity in primary mice transplanted with the diagnostic sample from patient 1 (Pat.1, see also Supplementary Fig. ", "S2A) treated with I-BET151 15 mg/kg. ", "C, Analysis of engraftment and cellularity in primary mice transplanted with the diagnostic sample from patient 2 (Pat.2, see also Supplementary Fig. ", "S2B) treated with I-BET151 15 mg/kg. ", "The only mouse which was negative at the endpoint analysis (diamond-shaped dot) was indeed found to be positively engrafted (1% hCD45+ cells) in the BM aspirate after 3 weeks of treatment; however, the leukemic engraftment was completely cleared by the end of the treatment. ", "D, Analysis of engraftment and cellularity in tertiary mice serially transplanted with Pat.1 treated with I-BET151 15 mg/kg. ", "The cells were expanded twice in vivo, then serially transplanted into tertiary recipient mice (n = 12, 2 × 106 cells/mouse). ", "Treatment started 1 week after transplantation. ", "The endpoint analysis of engraftment was performed after 5 weeks of treatment. ", "E, Analysis of engraftment in mice transplanted with low-level residual leukemic cells in limiting dilution conditions (see also Supplementary Fig. ", "S3) treated with I-BET151 15 mg/kg. ", "The dashed line indicates the cutoff level for positivity in BM (>0.1 %hCD45+). ", "WBC: white blood cells count. ", "I-BET: I-BET151; DMSO: vehicle.", "\n\nNext, we sought to investigate the antileukemic effect of I-BET151 in primary samples. ", "We transplanted the BM cells (diagnostic samples) from two infant patients with MLL-AF4+ ALL (Pat.1 and Pat.2) into primary NOD/SCID mice, waited for the engraftment to occur, then treated the animals with either I-BET151 or DMSO for 5 to 7 weeks according to a 5-day-on/2-day-off schedule. ", "All the mice were culled at the same time for the engraftment analysis in the BM. ", "We observed a reduced leukemic engraftment and a lower disease burden in the group of mice treated with I-BET151 compared with controls (Fig. ", "2B and C). ", "The status of the disease was checked in transplanted mice before the treatment was started, through BM aspiration (Supplementary Fig. ", "S2). ", "In mice transplanted with Pat.1, a small but clear population of leukemic cells was detectable in the BM aspirates, although at very low level (approximately 0.1% hCD45+; Supplementary Fig. ", "S2A). ", "Instead, mice transplanted with Pat.2 showed a much more consolidated leukemia engraftment (>1% hCD45+, Supplementary Fig. ", "S2B). ", "Nevertheless, even if the treatment was commenced in bulk disease, I-BET151 was proven effective in lowering the disease burden of MLL leukemia (Fig. ", "2C). ", "Serial transplantation experiments were performed using a population of BM cells derived from Pat.1 after two rounds of expansion in vivo, therefore highly enriched for leukemia-initiating cells (L-ICs). ", "Again, we observed that treatment with I-BET151 significantly impaired the leukemic potential of MLL-AF4+ L-ICs in serially transplanted mice (Fig. ", "2D).", "\n\nA low-level residual leukemia was still detectable in some mice despite the treatment. ", "To address whether it might have arisen from I-BET151–resistant L-ICs, the BM cells from 4 primary mice showing residual leukemia after one round of treatment in vivo were retransplanted in limiting dilution conditions (approximately 12 × 103 hCD45+ cells/mouse) into secondary recipients (Supplementary Fig. ", "S3A). ", "I-BET151 was administrated to serially transplanted mice for 5 weeks, then the treatment was stopped for another 5 weeks follow-up period, and the mice were culled for analysis of engraftment at late time point (Supplementary Fig. ", "S3B). ", "Importantly, the engraftment of MLL-AF4+ residual leukemic cells was highly impaired in I-BET151–treated mice compared with controls (Fig. ", "2D), suggesting that L-ICs giving rise to residual leukemia were still responsive to treatment upon serial transplantation and reexposure to the compound in vivo.", "\n\nI-BET151 changes the transcriptional profile of patient-derived xenograft samples though the downregulation of BRD4, HOXA7/9, and RUNX1 gene networks. ", "A, Overview of the comparative statistical tests used for GEP analysis. (", "i) Raw data were analyzed by SAM and Shrinkage t test analysis (FDR q <0.01) by comparing I-BET151 treated versus the controls (DMSO). ", "Common deregulated probe sets resulting from both the methods were identified (A). (", "ii) Each patient (Pat. ", "1, 3, and4) was analyzed individually by Shrinkage t test analysis (FDR q <0.05) and commonly deregulated probe sets were identified (B). (", "iii) Probe sets A were intersected with probe sets B to identify the common deregulated probes (C), here referred as the “I-BET151 signature.” ", "B, Unsupervised clustering analysis of the 601 probe sets within the I-BET151 signature (red, upregulated; green, downregulated). ", "I-BET: I-BET151; DMSO: vehicle. ", "C, Gene ontology analysis (DAVID) of the I-BET151 signature. ", "Gene categories with FDR P value <0.05 are reported. ", "The number of probe sets listed in each category is indicated in brackets. ", "D, Analysis of upstream transcriptional regulators of the I-BET151 signature. ", "The predicted upstream regulators and their downstream targets are depicted in the inner and outer circles, respectively. ", "The different colors indicate the level of expression of upstream regulators (blue, downregulated) or downstream targets (green, downregulated; red, upregulated), and the color intensity reflects the degree of regulation (from mild to strong). ", "The line shapes and colors indicate the predicted relationship between the downstream targets and their upstream regulators (dashed, indirect interaction; solid, direct interaction; blue, leads to inhibition; yellow, inconsistency between the predicted relationship and the state of the downstream target; grey, unpredicted effect; orange, leads to activation; arrow line, stands for “acts on”; plain line, indicates an inhibitory effect). ", "Asterisks (*) indicate that multiple identifiers in the dataset file map to a single gene.", "\n\nGene ontology analysis revealed that the genes identified in the I-BET151 signature were mainly involved in the nucleosome core assembly and organization, post-transcriptional regulation, and chromatin remodeling (Fig. ", "3C), thus confirming the expected activity of I-BET151 as an epigenetic agent.", "\n\nFurther analyses were performed to identify the putative upstream transcriptional regulators of the genes included in the I-BET151 signature. ", "As expected, BRD4 was found as an upstream transcriptional regulator (Fig. ", "3D), being BRD4 the main target of I-BET151. ", "More intriguingly, two members of the HOXA family (namely, HOXA9 and HOXA7) and RUNX1 also emerged as predicted upstream transcriptional regulators of the I-BET151 signature (Fig. ", "3D). ", "Similarly to BRD4, also HOXA7/9 and RUNX1 gene networks resulted to be downmodulated after I-BET151 treatment, as revealed by the analysis of upstream regulators.", "\n\nThe GSEA showed that two signatures upregulated in MLL-rearranged leukemia (“Mullighan signature 1 and 2”) were enriched in DMSO controls, while the gene targets downregulated by MLL-AF4 fusion (“Gaussmann”) were enriched in I-BET151 treated samples (Supplementary Table S4), consistent with the MLL-AF4 transcriptional program being reversed upon I-BET151 treatment. ", "These data support the efficacy of I-BET151 for the treatment of MLL-AF4+ infant ALL and further strengthen the robustness of our signature.", "\n\ncMyc, Bcl2, and CDK6 were previously identified as direct targets of BRD4 in MLL-rearranged AML (9). ", "In particular, CDK6 is also a direct target of MLL fusion and crucially required for the maintenance of MLL-rearranged leukemia (21, 22). ", "CDK6 was found in our I-BET151 signature as significantly downregulated upon I-BET151 treatment (Supplementary Table S3) and validated in independent experiments both in vitro and ex vivo (Supplementary Fig. ", "S4). ", "Although c-Myc and Bcl2 were not included in our I-BET151 signature when specifically investigating their expression by qPCR, we could observe that, alike CDK6, c-Myc and Bcl2 transcripts were downregulated in diagnostic or relapse patient-derived xenograft samples exposed to the compound ex vivo (Supplementary Fig. ", "S4A). ", "Additionally, the binding of BRD4 to the transcriptional starting site of CDK6, c-Myc, and Bcl2 was decreased in MLL-AF4+ human ALL cell lines upon I-BET151 treatment in vitro as shown by ChIP analysis (Supplementary Fig. ", "S4B), consistent with those genes being direct targets of BRD4. ", "Finally, the expression of the proteins was not detectable by Western blot in the BM of mice treated with I-BET151 in vivo compared with controls (Supplementary Fig. ", "S4C). ", "Moreover, the GSEA of the I-BET151 signature revealed that c-Myc targets were enriched in DMSO control samples, whereas proapoptotic genes were enriched in I-BET151 treated samples (Supplementary Table S4), thus supporting our functional data in vitro and further corroborating the hypothesis that those pathways are crucially targeted by BET inhibitors.", "\n\nFew genes, newly identified in our I-BET151 signature, were selected based on the current literature as potentially involved in MLL leukemia and validated in independent experiments, such as IL7R, CD93, MSI2, and CD72. ", "IL7R emerged from the upstream regulator analysis of our I-BET151 signature as a common downstream target of BRD4, HOXA7/9, and RUNX1 (Fig. ", "3D). ", "Treatment with I-BET151 downregulates IL7R expression (both mRNA and protein) in MLL-AF4+ ALL cell lines in vitro as well as in diagnostic or relapse PDX samples ex vivo, and the activation of IL7R downstream effector phospho-STAT-5 was also impaired (Supplementary Fig. ", "S5A), in agreement with a previous study (13). ", "Similarly, the downregulation of CD93, MSI2, and CD72 upon I-BET151 exposure was validated in independent experiments, both in vitro and ex vivo (Supplementary Fig. ", "S5B–S5D).", "\n\nI-BET151 sensitizes MLL-rearranged ALL cell to prednisolone in vitro\n\nTypically, MLL-rearranged infant ALL cells are more resistant to glucocorticoids compared with other childhood B-ALL (23). ", "However, the GSEA of our I-BET151 signature revealed that genes involved in the xenobiotic metabolism and estrogen response (early and late) were enriched in I-BET151-treated samples, whereas genes involved in the inflammatory response were enriched in DMSO controls (Supplementary Table S4). ", "These findings suggest that treatment with BET inhibitors might potentiate the effect of other compounds used in standard chemotherapy, for example the glucocorticoids with anti-inflammatory activity (i.e., prednisone). ", "Additionally, the activation of the estrogen/glucocorticoids-related transcriptional signatures, such as the progesterone receptor (PGR) signaling, was also predicted by the upstream regulator analysis in I-BET151-treated samples (Fig. ", "4A).", "\n\nI-BET151 sensitizes MLL-rearranged ALL cell lines to prednisolone. ", "A, Analysis of upstream transcriptional regulators showing the predicted activation of the progesterone receptor (PGR) in samples treated with I-BET151. ", "The predicted upstream regulator PGR and its downstream targets are depicted in the inner and outer circles, respectively. ", "The different colors indicate the expression level of upstream transcriptional regulators and downstream targets (green, downregulated; red, upregulated), and the color intensity reflects the degree of regulation (from mild to strong). ", "The line shapes and colors indicate the predicted relationship between the downstream targets and the upstream regulators (solid, direct interaction; orange, leads to activation; yellow, inconsistency between the predicted relationship and the state of the downstream molecule; grey, unpredicted effect). ", "Asterisks (*) indicate that multiple identifiers in the dataset file map to a single gene. ", "B, MTS assay showing the combinatorial effect of I-BET151 and prednisolone in SEM and KOPN8 cell lines in vitro. ", "The different concentrations of I-BET151 and prednisolone are reported below. ", "The fraction affected refers to the percentage of dead cells at 4 days after treatment and was calculated as the mean value of 2 replicates normalized on the untreated controls. ", "Dashed lines indicate the EC-50, corresponding to fraction affected 0.5. ", "The Bliss score (open dot line) reports the predicted additive effects of the two compounds used in combination, calculated accordingly to the Bliss formula: FA1 + FA2 − (FA1 × FA2), where FA1 and FA2 are the fraction affected (FA) by the single treatment with compound 1 and 2. ", "I-BET, I-BET151; Pred, prednisolone.", "\n\nAccording to these data, we sought to investigate whether I-BET151 was able to potentiate the effect of prednisone, a glucocorticoid agent with anti-inflammatory activity currently used in the standard therapy. ", "Two MLL-rearranged ALL cell lines highly resistant to glucocorticoids (according to their EC50 values), namely, SEM and KOPN8, carrying the t(4;11)/MLL-AF4 or the t(11;19)/MLL-ENL translocation respectively, were used for combination studies in vitro. ", "Cells were treated with I-BET151 alone or in combination with prednisolone (the active form of prednisone), and MTS assay was performed 4 days after treatment. ", "In both cell lines, we observed that the combinatorial effect of I-BET151 and prednisolone treatment was higher than the predicted sum of the effects given by the single compounds (Fig. ", "4B), consistent with the hypothesis that I-BET151 sensitizes glucocorticoids-resistant MLL-rearranged cells to prednisolone.", "\n\nThe antileukemic activity of I-BET151 is enhanced when combined to HDACis\n\nThe GSEA of the I-BET151 signature showed that the gene targets upregulated by HDAC (“Heller” probe set) and genes involved in the response to HDACi such as Azacytidin, Trichostatin A, and Romidepsin (“Zhong,” “Chiba,” “Kim,” “Della,” “Kabayashi” probe sets) were found enriched in I-BET151-treated samples, while the genes downregulated by HDAC (“Heller” probe sets and “Peart” proliferation cluster) were found enriched in DMSO controls (Supplementary Table S4), thus providing a rational for the use of BET and HDACis in combination. ", "Two different pan- HDACi compounds were used for combination studies in vitro and in vivo, namely, ITF2357 (Givinostat) and LBH589 (Panobinostat). ", "The administration of I-BET151 and ITF2357 leads to an increased apoptosis in vitro and the combinatorial effect resulted to be either synergic or additive in different MLL-rearranged ALL cell lines (Fig. ", "5A). ", "The SEM cell line, stably transduced with the luciferase reporter gene (SEM-SLIEW), was transplanted in vivo into immunodeficient NSG mice. ", "Three days after transplantation, the engraftment was confirmed by in vivo imaging (Supplementary Fig. ", "S6A), and mice were randomized in three groups receiving DMSO, I-BET151 alone, or I-BET151 and LBH589 until they develop the clinical signs of overt leukemia, become moribund and were euthanized. ", "Besides a significant improvement of survival in the group of mice treated with I-BET151 alone (28 days) compared with DMSO controls (21 days), a further prolonged survival was observed in mice receiving the combination therapy (34 days) (Fig. ", "5B; Supplementary Fig. ", "S5B), and the cellularity was significantly lower in the BM of mice treated with both I-BET151 and LBH589 compared with I-BET151 alone (Fig. ", "5B).", "\n\nI-BET151 treatment is more effective when used in combination with HDACi. ", "A, Analysis of apoptosis in different MLL-rearranged cell lines treated with I-BET151 and/or ITF2357 in vitro. ", "Graphs show the percentage of annexin V/7-AAD+ apoptotic cells detected by FACS analysis 72 hours after treatment and refer to the mean values calculated on 3 replicates. ", "The different concentrations of I-BET151 and ITF2357 are reported below, and the ITF:I-BET constant ratio is indicated in brackets. ", "Dashed lines indicate the EC50, corresponding to the 50% of apoptotic cells. ", "The Bliss score (open dot lines) is also reported. ", "The combination index (CI) was calculated using the Compusyn software (the two compounds are synergic if CI < 1, additive if CI ≈ 1). ", "I-BET, I-BET151; ITF, ITF2357. ", "B, Survival curve of NSG mice (n = 30) transplanted with SEM-SLIEW cells (107 cells/mouse) and treated in vivo with vehicle (DMSO), I-BET151 alone (15 mg/kg) or in combination with LBH589 (5 mg/kg). ", "The black arrow indicates when the treatment was started (day 3). ", "Four mice of the I-BET + LBH group died prematurely after 3 to 10 days of treatment and were censored. ", "Median survival DMSO, 21 days (n = 10); median survival I-BET, 28 days (n = 10); median survival I-BET + LBH, 34 days (n = 6). ", "The three groups' survival curves were compared with the log-rank Mantel–Cox test (P < 0.0001). ", "The analysis of cellularity (WBC, mean ± SEM) in the BM of mice treated with I-BET (n = 5), IBET + LBH (n = 4), and DMSO (n = 10) at the endpoint is also reported. ", "I-BET, I-BET151; LBH, LBH589; DMSO, vehicle.", "\n\nDiscussion\n\nIn the present study, we reported that BET inhibition: (i) inhibits the growth of MLL-rearranged ALL cells by blocking cell division and rapidly inducing apoptosis; (ii) impairs leukemia engraftment and prolongs mice survival; (iii) changes the MLL-AF4 transcriptional profile through the deregulation of MLL-AF4 fusion, BRD4, HOXA7/9, and RUNX1 gene networks; (iv) sensitizes glucocorticoids-resistant MLL-rearranged cell lines to prednisolone; and (v) has a superior effect when combined to HDACis.", "\n\nIn a xenotransplantation mouse model, using both a human cell line and patient-derived primary diagnostic samples transplanted in vivo, we demonstrated that treatment with I-BET151, as a single agent, exerts an antileukemic effect on MLL-AF4+ ALL cells, being able to lower the disease burden, impair the leukemia engraftment and prologue mice survival. ", "Notably, despite the different kinetics of engraftment of the two patients used for xenotransplantations, and regardless of whether the treatment is started in a minimal disease setting (Pat.1) or in bulk leukemia (Pat.2), I-BET151 has proven effective against MLL-AF4+ infant ALL in vivo. ", "The latter scenario better reflects the clinical setting in patients and points out to a possible application to the clinical practice. ", "Our results clearly show that I-BET151 impairs the in vivo repopulating capacity of a MLL-AF4+ cell population enriched for L-ICs in serially transplanted mice. ", "Furthermore, we observed that MLL-AF4+ L-ICs which escaped the treatment and gave rise to residual leukemia were still responsive to I-BET151 upon reexposure to the compound in vivo. ", "Differently from the previous experiments, where the mice were culled for analysis of engraftment right after one cycle of treatment, in the latter experiment, the engraftment was analyzed at late time point, after one round of treatment a long period of stop therapy. ", "Importantly, we also demonstrated that relapse samples are sensitive to BET inhibition, as I-BET151 exposure ex vivo was able to induce apoptosis in xenograft samples collected from mice transplanted with the relapse of MLL-AF4+ infant ALL patients. ", "Taken together, these data provide the rationale for a possible use of I-BET151 as a first line compound during the induction phase for the treatment of MLL-rearranged infant ALL patients, or for the treatment of refractory cases.", "\n\nTreatment with I-BET151 induces a broad alteration of the MLL-AF4+ transcriptional profile. ", "The analysis of the gene expression profile allowed us to identify a specific signature of genes deregulated upon I-BET151 treatment and provided further insights into the molecular mechanism of I-BET inhibition. ", "The genes identified in the I-BET151 signature were mainly involved in the nucleosome and chromatin modification, thus confirming the expected epigenetic activity of I-BET151, and BRD4 (but not other members of BET family) was identified as a predicted upstream transcriptional regulator of the I-BET151 gene signature, pointing to BRD4 as the main target of BET inhibitor in agreement with the current literature. ", "Interestingly, HOXA9, HOXA7, and RUNX1 were also identified as upstream transcriptional regulators of the I-BET151 signature. ", "HOXA genes are well known direct targets of MLL fusions and directly involved in the maintenance of MLL-rearranged leukemia (24). ", "The RUNX1 proto-oncogene was also found to be a putative target of MLL fusion, highly expressed in MLL-AF4+ ALL patients compared with normal BM cells (25, 26), with a role in leukemic transformation and survival (27–29). ", "We can speculate that I-BET151 indirectly deregulates the BRD4, HOXA7/9, and RUNX1 gene networks by acting on their downstream targets, without affecting the expression of these master transcriptional regulators, which indeed remained unchanged in MLL-AF4+ ALL cells upon I-BET151 treatment. ", "Our findings also support the existence of a cross-regulation mechanism between the BRD4 and HOXA7/9 gene networks. ", "This is in agreement with recent studies reporting the functional interdependence of the BRD4/P-TEFb and DOT1L axes, which regulate two dichotomous groups of MLL targets with distinct biological functions: the translational regulators (like c-Myc) and the transcriptional regulators (as the HOX genes), respectively (30, 31).", "\n\nNovel genes were identified in this study as downregulated upon I-BET151 treatment and predicted targets of BRD4, HOXA7/9, or RUNX1, such as IL7R, CD93, MSI2, and CD72. ", "These genes were previously reported in literature as associated to leukemia, albeit not yet demonstrated to have a functional role in leukemogenic transformation driven by MLL fusion or involved in BET inhibitor response. ", "Further studies will be required to elucidate their potential impact in MLL-rearranged infant ALL. ", "CD93 was recently reported as a marker of actively cycling nonquiescent subset of cells enriched for L-ICs activity in MLL-rearranged AML (32). ", "The RNA-binding protein Musashi 2 (MSI2) regulates the translation of several targets, including c-Myc (33) and was found to be essential for MLL-rearranged AML (33, 34). ", "Also, MSI2 was reported as a direct target of HOXA9 (35) in agreement with our upstream regulator analysis. ", "CD72 regulates the BRC signaling and is involved in the activation and proliferation of normal and malignant B lymphocytes (36, 37). ", "This antigen was found to be specifically overexpressed in infant ALL patients carrying the MLL rearrangements compared with other subgroups of pediatric ALL (38).", "\n\nThe crucial involvement of c-Myc in the response to treatment with BET inhibitors has been extensively reported in a variety of tumors. ", "c-Myc was not found as differentially expressed by GEP analysis, perhaps due to the stringency of the analysis applied. ", "However, by qPCR and Western blotting analysis of xenograft samples treated ex vivo and in vivo, we could confirm that c-Myc expression was affected by I-BET151 treatment. ", "In our study, we have also demonstrated that the RNA-binding protein MSI2 is downregulated after treatment with BET151. ", "Recent studies have shown that MSI2 promotes c-Myc translation in MLL-rearranged AML (33), and treatment with BET inhibitor efficiently depletes therapy-resistant MSI2+ cells in pancreatic cancer (39). ", "In opposite, the MAX dimerization protein 1 (MXD1) was found among the genes upregulated upon I-BET151 treatment, in agreement with another study in human ALL cell lines carrying CRLF2 mutations treated with the BET inhibitor JQ1 (13). ", "c-Myc forms heterodimers with other transcription factors, for example MAX, to bind the DNA and promote the transcription of distinct programs. ", "MXD1 acts as a transcriptional repressor and a tumor suppressor by competing with c-Myc for the binding to MAX, thus preventing c-Myc/Max dimer formation. ", "It was previously shown that treatment with BET inhibitors leads to a significant change in the transcription of many (but not all) genes of the c-Myc–related transcriptional network (40), and few studies raised the possibility that BET inhibitors can repress the tumor progression by targeting c-Myc cofactors (41, 42). ", "In favor of this hypothesis, MXD1, but not c-Myc, was found as an upstream transcriptional regulator of our I-BET signature (M. Bardini and L. Trentin; unpublished observations), pointing to MXD1 as a mediator of I-BET151–induced downregulation of c-Myc targets. ", "We can speculate that, beside (or in addition to) the downregulation of c-Myc transcript induced by I-BET151, other (not transcriptional) regulation mechanisms might possibly play a role, for example the post-transcriptional regulation of c-Myc translation through the RNA-binding protein MSI2 and/or the functional inhibition of c-Myc transcriptional activity mediated by MXD1.", "\n\nIt can be argued that treatment with I-BET151 alone was not sufficient to completely eradicate the disease in mice. ", "The combination of different drugs is indeed a pillar for cancer therapy, to increase the suboptimal response to monotherapy and to circumvent the acquisition of resistance to single agents. ", "Infant patients with MLL-rearranged ALL are typically refractory to treatment and frequently experience relapses (1, 4). ", "Resistance to BET inhibition was proven to arise in the stem cell compartment (20, 43) and might be attributed, at least in part, to the transcriptional plasticity and the clonal heterogeneity of the MLL-rearranged L-ICs (43, 44). ", "To envision a possible combination therapy for MLL-AF4+ infant ALL, we sought to evaluate the effect of I-BET151 together with prednisolone or with another class of epigenetic drugs, the HDACis. ", "MLL-rearranged infant ALL samples were proven to be more resistant to glucocorticoids compared with other subgroups of pediatric ALL (23). ", "Prednisone is a glucocorticoid agent administrated to patients in multiagent chemotherapy during the induction phase, and the early response to prednisone in vivo was considered a predictive factor for patient stratification (4). ", "We reported here that I-BET151 administration induces the upregulation of genes involved in the glucocorticoids receptor signaling and sensitizes glucocorticoids-resistant MLL-rearranged cell lines to the active form of prednisone in vitro, thus providing the rationale for the use of I-BET151 as a coadjuvant agent during induction phase. ", "Our GSEA analysis revealed an increase in the drug metabolism, a suppression of inflammation and an activation of glucocorticoids response in samples treated with I-BET151. ", "We can speculate that these mechanisms might possibly explain the observed sensitization to prednisolone induced by I-BET151, although additional studies will be required to better address this hypothesis. ", "HDACis were previously identified as active compounds against MLL-rearranged cells (45) and their use in MLL-rearranged leukemias has shown antileukemic activity (46, 47). ", "For the first time in the present study, the efficacy of a combination treatment with BET and HDACis was reported for MLL-rearranged infant ALL. ", "The HDACi compounds used in this study (ITF2357 and LBH589) are nonselective pan- HDACis with a strong inhibitory activity against all HDAC enzymes (class I, II, and IV) and currently used in clinical trials. ", "I-BET151 and HDACi seem to act synergistically in vitro and mice receiving both the compounds in vivo display a longer survival compared with I-BET151 alone. ", "In agreement with other studies (48), we also observed that I-BET151 and HDACi induce similar changes in the transcriptional profile, consistent with these two epigenetic compounds affecting common targets, perhaps explaining, at least in part, the enhanced effect of their combination. ", "The use of BET inhibitor in combination with HDACi has been already reported in several tumors including leukemia and the molecular mechanisms of their synergistic effect has been partially elucidated (16, 17, 49). ", "HDACi redistributes the histone acetylation marks, mistargets BET proteins away from target active enhancers (49) and affects transcriptional elongation (46, 49); while BET inhibitors abrogate transcription by selectively displacing BRD4 from super enhancers and interfering with the BRD4-mediated transcriptional pause release (31, 50, 51). ", "Recently, novel BRD4/HDAC dual inhibitors were generated to successfully target a human MLL-AF4+ AML cell line (52).", "\n\nIn conclusion, overall our data demonstrate that I-BET151, alone or in combination with HDACi, exerts an antileukemic effect in a preclinical mouse model of MLL-AF4+ infant ALL and increases the sensitivity to glucocorticoids. ", "Given the aggressiveness of the disease, the relative low improvements achieved by the current therapies and the lack of an ultimate cure, this study is particularly relevant and paves the way for future clinical applications.", "\n\nDisclosure of Potential Conflicts of Interest\n\nR.K. Prinjha has ownership interest (including patents) in GlaxoSmithKline. ", "N. Smithers is an employee and shareholder of GlaxoSmithKline. ", "No potential conflicts of interest were disclosed by the other authors.", "\n\nThe costs of publication of this article were defrayed in part by the payment of page charges. ", "This article must therefore be hereby marked advertisement in accordance with 18 U.S.C. Section 1734 solely to indicate this fact.", "\n\nFootnotes\n\nNote: Supplementary data for this article are available at Molecular Cancer Therapeutics Online (http://mct.aacrjournals.org/).", "\n\nOutcome of risk-based therapy for infant acute lymphoblastic leukemia with or without an MLL gene rearrangement, with emphasis on late effects: a final report of two consecutive studies, MLL96 and MLL98, of the Japan Infant Leukemia Study Group.", "\nLeukemia2007;21:2258–63." ]

{ "pile_set_name": "Pile-CC" }

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[ "Introduction {#s1}\n============\n\nCommunication between different membrane bound compartments within a eukaryotic cell and between the cell and its extracellular environment is accomplished in large part by the membrane trafficking process (also known as vesicular trafficking). ", "Two major but interconnecting trafficking pathways exist within the cell. ", "The exocytic pathway is responsible for transporting proteins and lipids from their place of synthesis to their site of function in or outside the cell. ", "The endocytic, or retrograde, pathway is responsible for transport of internalized cargo from the extracellular environment towards endosomes and lysosomes. ", "The endocytic pathway is also responsible for the recycling of proteins involved in exocytic transport [@pone.0050530-Bonifacino1], [@pone.0050530-Pfeffer1], [@pone.0050530-Johannes1], [@pone.0050530-LorenteRodriguez1].", "\n\nMembrane trafficking occurs in four steps. (**", "1**) Cargo is selected, and a vesicular or tubular transport intermediate forms at a donor compartment. (**", "2**) The transport intermediate is delivered to the target membrane using molecular motors that travel along the cell\\'s microtubule or actin filament system. (**", "3**) Tethering brings the transport intermediate and target membranes in close proximity. (**", "4**) Fusion of the two membranes leads to the transfer of cargo [@pone.0050530-Cai1].", "\n\nBecause of its central role in cell function, membrane trafficking has been studied extensively. ", "However, knowledge regarding the cell-type and tissue-specific aspects of membrane trafficking is incomplete. ", "Few studies have addressed membrane trafficking in complex environments such as tissues or multi-cellular organisms. ", "One insight derived from studying human membrane trafficking diseases is that mutations in components of the trafficking machinery thought to be of fundamental importance to the process and expected to have a global effect, instead result in cell-type-specific and/or cargo-specific phenotypes [@pone.0050530-DeMatteis1].", "\n\nWe previously reported that inactivation of the ubiquitously expressed membrane trafficking protein GMAP-210 (a.k.a. ", "TRIP11) causes Achondrogenesis type 1A [@pone.0050530-Smits1]. ", "GMAP-210 is a member of the golgin protein family; these large coiled-coil proteins function as tethering factors that capture transport intermediates and aid in fusion with destination compartments. ", "Golgins also provide structural support for the Golgi apparatus by tethering Golgi cisternae [@pone.0050530-Munro1]. *", "In vitro* knockdown of GMAP-210 suggested it would be essential for maintenance of the Golgi stack structure [@pone.0050530-Rios1]. ", "However GMAP-210 deficiency *in vivo* did not cause early embryonic lethality, but instead affected the development of the skeleton [@pone.0050530-Smits1]. ", "Rats lacking another ubiquitously expressed golgin GIANTIN (a.k.a. ", "Golgb1), thought to be essential for reformation of the Golgi stack structure after mitosis, also had a milder *in vivo* phenotype [@pone.0050530-Katayama1] than would have been predicted from *in vitro* studies [@pone.0050530-Katayama1], [@pone.0050530-Shorter1], [@pone.0050530-Sohda1].", "\n\nThe golgin USO1 (a.k.a. ", "p115), which functionally interacts with GIANTIN, was also predicted to be essential for Golgi structure based on *in vitro* studies [@pone.0050530-Shorter1], [@pone.0050530-Sohda1], [@pone.0050530-Alvarez1], [@pone.0050530-Radulescu1], [@pone.0050530-Sonnichsen1]. ", "To investigate the *in vivo* consequence of USO1 deficiency we generated two independent mouse lines carrying gene traps (GT) in *Uso1*. ", "Golgi disruption and death before embryonic day 8.5 occurred in homozygous mutant embryos from each gene-trap line indicating that USO1, unlike GMAP-210 and GIANTIN, is indispensable during early development.", "\n\n{#pone-0050530-g001}\n\nMaterials and Methods {#s2}\n=====================\n\nGeneration of USO1 deficient mice {#s2a}\n---------------------------------\n\nThis study was carried out in strict accordance with the recommendations in the Guide for the Care and Use of Laboratory Animals of the National Institutes of Health. ", "All animal experiments were completed under a protocol approved by the Institutional Animal Care and Use Committee of Children\\'s Hospital Boston (Animal Welfare Assurance number: A3303-01).", "\n\nTwo *Uso1* GT ES cell lines, YTA025 (BayGenomics) and AW0562 (The Sanger Gene Trap Resources) were identified using the database of the International Gene Trap Consortium ([www.genetrap.org](http://www.genetrap.org)) and obtained from the Mutant Mouse Regional Resource Center ([www.mmrrc.org](http://www.mmrrc.org)). ", "ES cells were injected into 129SvE blastocysts by the Mouse Gene Manipulation Core of Boston Children\\'s Hospital. ", "Chimeric founder males were bred to wild-type C57BL/6 females (Jackson laboratories) and germline transmission was assessed by coat color. ", "To confirm transmission of the *Uso1* GT allele, agouti offspring were genotyped by PCR for presence of the Beta-Geo selection cassette within the GT. ", "GT heterozygous mice were maintained on a mixed 129SvE and C57BL/6 background.", "\n\n{#pone-0050530-g002}\n\nPrimary skin fibroblast cultures {#s2b}\n--------------------------------\n\nNewborn pups from a heterozygous *Uso1* GT mating were euthanized and skinned. ", "The skin was washed in PBS and diced into small pieces. ", "Skin fragments were placed in 6-well plates and dried for 30 minutes to allow the skin to attach to the plastic. ", "The adherent fragments were then cultured in 0.5 ml of DMEM/10% FBS. ", "Primary skin fibroblast outgrowths were observed 5--7 days after plating. ", "When the primary cultures reached 50% confluency, cells were trypsinized and transferred to a 25 cm^2^ flask for expansion.", "\n\n{#pone-0050530-g003}\n\nIdentification of Uso1-gene trap mRNA transcripts {#s2c}\n-------------------------------------------------\n\nSplicing of the GT into the *Uso1* mRNA was confirmed by RT-PCR using the sequence tag information provided by the International Gene Trap Consortium. ", "Briefly, total RNA was extracted from primary skin fibroblasts cultures of heterozygous GT mice using Trizol following the manufacturer\\'s recommendation (Invitrogen). ", "Two µg of total RNA was reverse transcribed using a combination of oligo dT and random hexamers (Advantage RT-PCR kit, Clontech). ", "Transcript containing the spliced GT allele was detected by PCR using a GT vector-specific reverse primer (5′-AGTATCGGCCTCAGGAAGATCG-3′) in combination with a forward primer in *Uso1* exon 10 (5′-TTGTGCGGGTACTGGTATCTCCCAC-3′) for AW0562 and in *Uso1* exon 12 (5′-GTGCCGTGCTCTCTGTTTCCGTG-3′) for YTA025. ", "Wild-type allele transcript was detected by PCR using the aforementioned forward primers in combination with a reverse primer located in *Uso1* exon 13 (5′-CATAAGCCTTGGACCAACTGCTCTTC-3′). ", "36 cycles of PCR were performed using Platinum Taq polymerase (Invitrogen), an annealing temperature of 60°C, and an extension time of 2 minutes.", "\n\n{#pone-0050530-g004}\n\nGenotyping mice for the Uso1 GT and wild-type alleles {#s2d}\n-----------------------------------------------------\n\nGenotyping primers for the GT and wild-type alleles were designed after the specific insertion site of each GT was determined. ", "Insertion sites were identified by performing long range PCR with a forward primer in the *Uso1* exon immediately upstream of the spliced GT exon, and a reverse primer (5′-GGAACAGGTATTCGCTGGTCACTTC-3′) contained within the GT vector. ", "The forward primer for AW0562 line was in exon 10 (5′-TTGTGCGGGTACTGGTATCTCCCAC-3′ and the forward primer for the YTA025 line was in exon 12 (5′-GTGCCGTGCTCTACTGTTTCCAGTG-3′). ", "Thirty-six cycles of PCR were performed using 500 ng of genomic DNA as template with Pfu Ultra polymerase (Applied Biosystems) at an annealing temperature of 60°C and an extension time of 7 minutes. ", "Resulting amplimers were cloned using the TOPO-Zero-Blunt kit (Invitrogen) and Sanger sequenced.", "\n\nSequence information regarding the genomic DNA insertion site was then used to design new reverse primers, that when coupled with the original forward primer for each gene-trap line would generate PCR amplimers that were reliable for genotyping. ", "The new reverse primer for the AW0562 GT allele was (5′-TACCAGACTCTCCCATCCACTACTC-3′) and for the YTA025 GT allele was (5′-CTAGAGTCCAGATCTGCGATAACTTC-3′). ", "Reverse primers located downstream of each GT insertion site (5′-TCTGAAATAACTCAAGGTGGTTTGC-3′ for AW0562, and 5′-GTTACCTGTTGCTGCAAGCAGACAG-3′ for YTA025) were used to amplify the wild-type *Uso1* allele. ", "A 60°C or 55°C annealing temperature was used when genotyping the AW0562 or YTA025 mice, respectively.", "\n\nX-gal staining to identify Beta-galactosidase activity {#s2e}\n------------------------------------------------------\n\nPrimary skin fibroblasts and HEK293T (Human embryonic kidney cells, ATCC CRL1573) cells were plated onto 8-chamber culture slides (BD Biosciences). ", "Upon reaching confluence, cells were washed with PBS and fixed in ice cold X-Gal fixative (PBS containing 0.2% glutaraldehyde, 5 mM EDTA and 2 mM MgCl~2~) for 10 minutes. ", "Subsequently cells were washed 3x for 5 minutes with 0.5 ml wash solution (PBS containing 2 mM MgCl~2~ and 0.02% NP-40). ", "X-gal staining was performed overnight in the dark (X-gal staining solution: PBS containing 5 mM Potassium-ferro-cyanide, 5 mM Potassium-ferri-cyanide, 2 mM MgCl~2~, 0.02% NP-40 and 2 mg/ml X-Gal). ", "Cells were subsequently washed 3x with PBS and kept in PBS at 4°C. ", "As a positive control for Beta-galactosidase activity the HEK293T cells were transfected with 0.5 µg of pSV40-LacZ (Promega).", "\n\nImmuno-detection of USO1 in cell lysate {#s2f}\n---------------------------------------\n\nPrimary skin fibroblasts were lysed in RIPA buffer (Sigma) containing 1x EDTA free protease inhibitor cocktail (Thermoscientific) for 10 minutes on ice. ", "One ml of lysis buffer was used to lyse fibroblasts collected from a confluent 75 cm^2^ culture flask. ", "Lysates were then cleared of debris by centrifugation (16,100×g, 2 min). ", "The protein concentration in each lysate was measured using the Bradford assay (Quick Start Bradford Dye reagent, Biorad) and RIPA buffer was then added to equalize the protein concentration across all lysates. ", "Equal amounts of lysates were subsequently separated on a NUPAGE 3--8% Tris-Acetate gel (Invitrogen) and transferred overnight at 15 V onto a PVDF membrane (Invitrogen). ", "Immunodetection of USO1 was performed using the Western breeze system (Invitrogen). ", "An amino terminal anti-USO1 antibody (NB100-74483; Novus Biologicals) and a carboxyl-terminal USO1 antibody (13509-1-AP; Proteintech) were each used at a 1/1000 dilution.", "\n\nRetrieval of blastocysts from GT breeding pairs {#s2g}\n-----------------------------------------------\n\nHeterozygous GT breeding pairs were checked daily for mating by identification of vaginal plugs. ", "When a vaginal plug was observed, the female was euthanized 72 hrs later, the uterus was removed and placed in a 60 mm dish containing 1 ml of M2 medium (Sigma), and the uterine horns were flushed using a 20 gauge needle with 0.5 ml of pre-warmed (37°C) M2 medium to obtain blastocysts. ", "Blastocysts were identified microscopically, retrieved with a 0.8--1.10×100 mm capillary tube (Kimax), and placed individually into different gelatin-coated chambers filled with 0.2 ml of blastocyst medium (DMEM/15% FBS/non-essential amino acids; Invitrogen). ", "Eight-chamber culture slides (BD Biosciences), pre-coated with 0.1% gelatin (Sigma) for 30 minutes at room temperature, were used. ", "DNA was extracted from individual blastocysts after 3 days of culture (Arcturus PicoPure DNA extraction kit, Applied Biosystems) and used for WT and GT allele genotyping.", "\n\nImmuno-detection of USO1 and GM-130 in cultured blastocysts {#s2h}\n-----------------------------------------------------------\n\nAfter 3 days in culture, blastocysts were washed with 0.5 ml PBS and fixed to the glass slide with 0.5 ml of 4% paraformaldehyde for 20 minutes at room temperature. ", "Cells were subsequently washed twice with PBS, twice with 0.1M NH~4~Cl and twice with PBS. ", "Primary antibody incubation was performed overnight at 4°C in PBS containing 5% FBS, 2% BSA and 0.1% Saponin. ", "Cells were washed 3x with 0.5 ml PBS and incubated with secondary antibody in PBS for 30 minutes at room temperature. ", "Cells were subsequently washed 3x with 0.5 ml PBS and mounted in DAPI Fluoromount G (Southern Biotech). ", "Primary antibodies were used in a 1/1,000 dilution and secondary antibodies were used in a 1/10,000 dilution. ", "Primary antibodies used were mouse anti-GM130 (610822, BD Transduction laboratories) and rabbit anti-USO1 (13509-1-AP, Proteintech). ", "Secondary antibodies used were Cy3 anti-rabbit IgG (XG-6157cy3, ProScience) and Fluorescein anti-mouse IgG (XR-9760, ProScience). ", "Fluorescence images were obtained using a NikonRi1 camera mounted to a Nikon Eclipse 80i microscope. ", "Confocal laser scanning microscopy was performed using the Zeiss LSM 780 system. ", "Mutant and control pictures were equally adjusted for brightness and contrast using Adobe Photoshop CS3.", "\n\nResults {#s3}\n=======\n\nMice heterozygous for the AW0562 or YTA025 GT allele are viable and fertile {#s3a}\n---------------------------------------------------------------------------\n\nMice heterozygous for a GT within *Uso1* ([Figure 1A, B](#pone-0050530-g001){ref-type=\"fig\"}) were generated using the AW0562 and YTA025 ES cell lines. ", "Sequence tag information obtained by RT-PCR using ES cell RNA had previously suggested that the AW0562 GT spliced to *Uso1* exon 10 and the YTA025 GT spliced to *Uso1* exon 12 ([www.genetrap.org](http://www.genetrap.org)). ", "We confirmed these results in heterozygous GT mice using RNA extracted from primary skin fibroblast cultures ([Figure 1C](#pone-0050530-g001){ref-type=\"fig\"}). ", "This led us to hypothesize the GT had inserted into intron 11 in the AW0562 cell line and into intron 13 in the YTA025 cell line. ", "We confirmed our hypotheses by using forward primers located in exons 10 or 12 of *Uso1* and a reverse primer located in the GT to PCR amplify genomic DNA from mice derived from AW0562 and YTA025 ES cells, respectively. ", "We observed a PCR amplimer ∼5000 bp in length for AW0562 and an amplimer ∼3,000 bp in size for YTA025 (data not shown). ", "Sequence analyses of these amplimers indicated that the AW0562 GT had inserted 541 bp downstream of exon 10 and the YTA025 GT had inserted 340 bp downstream of exon 12. ", "Based on this information, we designed new primers to facilitate genotyping the wild-type and GT alleles ([Figure 1D](#pone-0050530-g001){ref-type=\"fig\"}). ", "Male and female heterozygous GT mice were phenotypically indistinguishable from wild-type mice and were able to transmit the GT allele to 50% of their offspring.", "\n\nEach Uso1 GT creates a functional null allele {#s3b}\n---------------------------------------------\n\nThe GT vectors used to generate AW0562 and YTA025 were designed to generate a USO1-Beta-Geo fusion protein. ", "The mRNA transcript encoding this fusion protein was detected by RT-PCR ([Figure 1C](#pone-0050530-g001){ref-type=\"fig\"}). ", "Therefore, we looked for expression of chimeric protein by performing X-gal staining on primary skin fibroblasts derived from wild-type, heterozygous AW0562 GT, and heterozygous YTA025 GT mice. ", "We saw no evidence of Beta-Geo activity ([Figure 2A](#pone-0050530-g002){ref-type=\"fig\"}). ", "To exclude the possibility that the GT alleles produced fusion proteins that were enzymatically inactive, we performed SDS-PAGE and western blotting on cell lysates from wild-type and heterozygous GT fibroblasts. ", "To detect endogenous and chimeric USO1 protein, we used anti-USO1 antibody against an epitope that is amino-terminal of the USO1-Beta-Geo fusion. ", "The chimeric protein should differ in size from wild-type protein. ", "However, we only detected a protein band corresponding in size to wild-type USO1 protein in the heterozygous GT lysates ([Figure 2B](#pone-0050530-g002){ref-type=\"fig\"}). ", "This same sized wild-type band was detected using an anti-USO1 antibody generated against an epitope that is carboxyl-terminal of the USO1-Beta-Geo fusion ([Figure 2B](#pone-0050530-g002){ref-type=\"fig\"}). ", "These data suggest that each GT allele fails to produce a stable mRNA or protein product, and is therefore a functional null allele.", "\n\nEmbryos homozygous for Uso1 GT alleles die before E8.5 {#s3c}\n------------------------------------------------------\n\nTo determine the *in vivo* phenotype of *Uso1* inactivation, we crossed heterozygous GT mice and looked at their offspring for GT homozygotes. ", "No offspring were homozygous for either the AW0562 or YTA025 GT allele, suggesting that inactivation of *Uso1* causes embryonic lethality. ", "To more precisely determine the stage at which homozygous GT embryos die, we recovered fetuses from heterozygous matings at E11.5, E9.5 and E8.5. ", "At each time point no homozygous GT fetuses were recovered ([Figure 3A](#pone-0050530-g003){ref-type=\"fig\"}). ", "However, we observed several deciduas containing no identifiable embryos at E8.5 and E9.5, indicating that some embryos had died after implantation.", "\n\nRetrieval of blastocysts homozygous for the Uso1 GT alleles {#s3d}\n-----------------------------------------------------------\n\nTo determine whether inactivation of *Uso1* is compatible with fertilization and early cleavage events, blastocysts were recovered from GT heterozygous matings. ", "The blastocysts were placed in individual chambers of 8-well culture slides and kept in culture. ", "Between 48 and 72 hours, the blastocysts attached to the glass slide and giant trophoblasts cells and smaller inner mass cells could be observed ([Figure 3D](#pone-0050530-g003){ref-type=\"fig\"}). ", "After 3 days, DNA was extracted from the attached blastocysts and used for genotyping. ", "Blastocysts homozygous for both AW0562 and YTA025 were retrieved ([Figure 3A and 3B](#pone-0050530-g003){ref-type=\"fig\"} and data not shown). ", "This indicates that inactivation of *Uso1* does not affect fertilization or the first stages of embryonic development.", "\n\nWe needed DNA from the entire blastocyst to determine its genotype by PCR. ", "Therefore, to independently demonstrate that blastocysts lacking USO1 could be recovered at E3.5, we immunofluorescently double-labeled blastocysts using an antibody against an epitope in USO1 that is carboxyl-terminal to the USO1-Beta-Geo fusion and an antibody against another Golgi protein GM130. ", "All 20 blastocysts retrieved from matings between wild-type and *Uso1* GT heterozygous mice had immuno-detectable USO1 and GM130 protein ([Figure 3C](#pone-0050530-g003){ref-type=\"fig\"} and data not shown). ", "In contrast, 7 of 19 blastocysts retrieved from matings between heterozygous *Uso1* GT mice lacked immuno-detectable USO1 but had immuno-detectable GM130 ([Figure 3D](#pone-0050530-g003){ref-type=\"fig\"}).", "\n\nThe data presented in [figure 3A and 3C](#pone-0050530-g003){ref-type=\"fig\"} also show that *Uso1* GT homozygous blastocysts are present in a Mendelian ratio. ", "Nine *Uso1* GT homozygous blastocysts out of a total of 37 blastocysts were recovered from *Uso1* GT heterozygous matings, indicating that *Uso1* GT homozygous blastocysts do not die before E3.5.", "\n\nDisrupted Golgi apparatus in blastocyst cells homozygous for the Uso1 GT {#s3e}\n------------------------------------------------------------------------\n\n*In vitro* knock down of *Uso1* expression using siRNA indicated that USO1 is needed to maintain the Golgi structure [@pone.0050530-Sohda1]. ", "To test whether USO1 maintains the Golgi structure *in vivo*, we performed confocal laser scanning microscopy to examine the distribution of GM130 protein in blastocysts that contained or lacked immuno-detectable USO1. ", "Blastocysts obtained from matings of heterozygous AW0562 GT or heterozygous YTA025 GT mice gave the same results. ", "Blastocysts that lacked immuno-detectable USO1 exhibited dispersal of GM130 containing foci throughout the cytoplasm of all trophoblast cells, consistent with a disruption in Golgi apparatus structure when USO1 is absent ([Figure 4](#pone-0050530-g004){ref-type=\"fig\"}).", "\n\nDiscussion {#s4}\n==========\n\nAn important step in the fusion of a membrane trafficking intermediate with its acceptor compartment is its recognition and capture by tethering factors. ", "The golgin protein family represents a subset of these tethering factors. ", "In addition to vesicle capturing, siRNA studies in cultured cells have shown that golgins also play a central role in the maintenance of the Golgi structure [@pone.0050530-Munro1]. ", "A number of different golgins can be found located at the Golgi apparatus. ", "In each case of the golgins TMF, USO1, GM130, GRASP-55, GRASP-65 and GMAP-210, knock down of their expression *in vitro* resulted in a fragmentation of the Golgi apparatus and the dispersal of Golgi marker proteins throughout the cytoplasm [@pone.0050530-Rios1], [@pone.0050530-Sohda1], [@pone.0050530-Puthenveedu1], [@pone.0050530-FridmannSirkis1], [@pone.0050530-Feinstein1].", "\n\nGiven the importance of the Golgi apparatus to the efficient modification and trafficking of cargoes, mice lacking proteins that maintain Golgi structure would have been predicted to exhibit early embryonic lethality. ", "However, mice lacking GMAP-210 do not display early embryonic lethality. ", "With the exception of a significant disruption of skeletal growth, most other organs appear to develop normally in mice lacking GMAP-210 [@pone.0050530-Smits1], [@pone.0050530-Follit1]. ", "Recently, it was reported that *in vivo* inactivation of another ubiquitously expressed golgin GIANTIN also resulted in a tissue specific phenotype, mainly impairing skeletal development [@pone.0050530-Katayama1]. ", "Functional compensation or functional overlap among golgins may occur across many cell types, thereby explaining why deficiency of individual golgins can cause narrower *in vivo* phenotypes than predicted from *in vitro* knockdown experiments [@pone.0050530-Munro1], [@pone.0050530-Ramirez1].", "\n\nIn contrast to the tissue-specific *in vivo* phenotypes observed when GMAP-210 and GIANTIN are deficient, *in vivo* deficiency of USO1 causes early embryonic lethality. *", "Uso1* null mice died between E3.5 and E8.5. ", "Cultured *Uso1* deficient blastocysts were able to attach to the glass slides and exhibit outgrowth of giant trophoblasts and inner mass cells. ", "However, the structure of the Golgi apparatus within trophoblast cells was fragmented, similar to what has been observed when USO1 is depleted *in vitro* [@pone.0050530-Sohda1].", "\n\nOur present study shows that USO1 is an essential membrane trafficking protein. ", "Given the central role of membrane trafficking in cellular function, one might have expected that *Uso1* GT homozygous embryos would not have been able to even reach the blastocyst stage, let alone be viable for at least three more days in culture. ", "Several studies have shown that the severity of the effect of siRNA knock down of USO1 on intracellular protein transport depends on the protein examined, with intracellular transport of certain proteins only minimally affected [@pone.0050530-Kondylis1], [@pone.0050530-Grabski1]. ", "It is thus possible that in the absence of USO1, enough essential proteins are still being correctly transported for the fertilized oocyte to progress towards the blastocyst stage but not for further embryonic development after implantation. ", "An alternative explanation is, that retention of maternally derived wild type *Uso1* transcript or USO1 protein masks the lethality of *Uso1* inactivation. *", "Uso1* transcript is present in oocytes and early cleavage stage embryos [@pone.0050530-Zeng1] and several studies have demonstrated that maternal transcripts can persist up to the blastocyst stage [@pone.0050530-Zeng1], [@pone.0050530-Hamatani1], [@pone.0050530-Tadros1].", "\n\nIn conclusion, we have demonstrated that USO1 is indispensable during early embryonic mammalian development. ", "As a consequence, studying the role of USO1 in individual tissues will require a conditional knock-out approach.", "\n\nThe authors wish to thank Margaret Thompson and The Mouse Gene Manipulation Core of Boston Children\\'s Hospital for generation of the *Uso1* GT mice.", "\n\n[^1]: **Competing Interests:**The authors have declared that no competing interests exist.", "\n\n[^2]: Conceived and designed the experiments: SK MLW PS. ", "Performed the experiments: SK AH PS. ", "Analyzed the data: SK PS. ", "Wrote the paper: PS.", "\n" ]

{ "pile_set_name": "PubMed Central" }

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[ "Model 49 mine\n\nThe Model 49 is a large cylindrical Swiss anti-personnel stake mine. ", "The mine is no longer in service with Swiss forces and all operational stocks of the mine have been destroyed. ", "The mine is normally stake mounted, and uses the ZDZ-39 fuze, which can be operated by either pull or tension release. ", "The mine has a concrete fragmentation jacket with embedded steel fragments.", "\n\nSpecifications\n Diameter: 150 mm\n Height: 220 mm\n Weight: 8.62 kg\n Explosive content: 0.5 kg of TNT\n Operating pressure: 8 kgf (80 N) pull or tension release\n\nExternal links\n\nReferences\n Jane's Mines and Mine Clearance 2005-2006\n\nCategory:Anti-personnel mines" ]

{ "pile_set_name": "Wikipedia (en)" }

[ 0, 0, 0, 0, 0.007662835249042145 ]

[ "1. ", "FIELD OF THE INVENTION\nThis invention relates to camshaft arrangements having a variable cam for opening preferably a load-change valve of an internal combustion engine and, more particularly, to a load-change valve camshaft arrangement providing for cushioned contact between the camshaft and the cam.", "\n2. ", "DESCRIPTION OF THE PRIOR ART\nA camshaft arrangement having a variable cam is disclosed by German Offenlegungsschrift No. ", "DE 32 34 640. ", "The cam arrangement disclosed therein provides variable opening times for load-change valves of an internal combustion engine. ", "In that arrangement, the camshaft has a portion projecting radially beyond the perimeter of the otherwise circular cross-section of the camshaft. ", "The projecting portion is disposed within an internal recess of the cam element and is allowed restricted movement in the direction of rotation. ", "Lateral bounding surfaces of the cam recess provide stops which restrict the angular motion of the radially projecting portion of the camshaft. ", "The recess in the cam element communicates by way of a check valve with a supply passage in the camshaft for a hydraulic medium.", "\nIn the embodiment described in the German Offenlegungsschrift, the radially projecting portion of the camshaft has a throttling aperture so that the hydraulic medium will cushion relative motions between the cam element and the camshaft. ", "The cross-section of the throttling aperture is independent of the rotational speed, hence the degree of cushioning varies with the rotation speed. ", "This cushioning means is important, for example, when the posterior flank of the cam element is engaged by the valve stem after the point of maximum valve stroke has passed. ", "At this time, the cam element is accelerated in the direction of the rotation of the camshaft by the restoring force of the valve. ", "During this phase of operation, the cam element moves at a higher angular velocity than the camshaft, thus overtaking the latter. ", "The impact resulting from this relative motion will generate unacceptable noise and cause damage without a cushioning means. ", "In the prior art, this relative motion between the radial extension of the camshaft and the posterior stop in the cam element is cushioned by the aforementioned hydraulic medium, thereby avoiding such a hard impact.", "\nHowever, because the cushioning means in the known arrangement employs a hydraulic medium within both the camshaft and the cam element, appropriate sealing measures are required. ", "To avoid loss of hydraulic medium in the known arrangement, elaborate sealing precautions such as maintenance of close tolerances are necessary to provide for sealing of the recess in the cam element." ]

{ "pile_set_name": "USPTO Backgrounds" }

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[ "2 for z.\n2\nLet h be (72/42)/1*((-174)/(-12) - -3). ", "Let p be 0 + 3/(6/10). ", "Suppose 0 = 4*l - 3*g - 24, -3*g + 2*g + h = p*l. ", "Solve 0 = -l*q + q + 5 for q.\n1\nLet o(f) = 2*f**2 - 4*f + 2. ", "Let y be o(2). ", "Suppose 21 = 3*g + 3*v, g + 5*v - 5 = y*g. ", "Solve g*k + 15 = -5 for k.\n-4\nLet b(x) = -104*x + 1523. ", "Let h be b(14). ", "Solve h*w = 117*w - 150 for w.\n3\nLet v(y) = 14*y**2 - 2*y. ", "Let a be v(-1). ", "Suppose a + 9 = -5*p. ", "Let b be ((-55)/(-75)*6)/((-1)/p). ", "Solve -b = -5*i - 7 for i.\n3\nLet f(q) = -2*q**3 + q**2 + 5. ", "Let a(d) = d**2 + 7*d + 6. ", "Let h be a(-6). ", "Let s be f(h). ", "Solve -1 - s = 2*c for c.\n-3\nLet a(m) = -2*m - 9. ", "Let n be a(-6). ", "Let x(u) = u**2 + u. Let o be x(n). ", "Suppose 0 = -192*w + 193*w. ", "Solve w*z = -4*z - o for z.\n-3\nSuppose 3*j - 357 = -3*r, 15*r - 20*r = 2*j - 610. ", "Solve -76 = -8*x - r for x.\n-6\nLet y = -277 + 377. ", "Let c = y - 95. ", "Solve w = c*w for w.\n0\nSuppose 76 = 2*j + 3*d, 0 = 2*j - 21*d + 22*d - 80. ", "Solve -j*x = 282 - 241 for x.\n-1\nLet q be 32/(-24) + 3 - (-10)/(-6). ", "Suppose q = 6*c + 10*c. ", "Solve c = 8*g - 11 + 27 for g.\n-2\nLet p(i) = -4*i + 8. ", "Let k be p(-12). ", "Suppose -63*w + k*w + 14 = 0. ", "Solve a = w*a for a.\n0\nLet v be 5*((-6)/24 - 10/(-8)). ", "Let b(n) = 6*n - 48. ", "Let f(i) = 2*i - 16. ", "Let j(c) = 2*b(c) - 7*f(c). ", "Let t be j(8). ", "Solve 4*d - v*d + 2 = t for d.\n2\nLet t(x) = -123*x - 607. ", "Let i be t(-5). ", "Solve 0*g = 2*g - i*g for g.\n0\nSuppose 3*h = -2*i, -3*h + 2*h - 2 = 0. ", "Suppose i*w = 5*w - 0*w. ", "Let f be (-2 + 2)/((-9)/3) + w. Solve f = -4*g - 0*g - 20 for g.\n-5\nLet h(d) = 6*d**2 - 7*d**2 - d**2 - 4 - 3*d**2 - 4*d. ", "Let p be h(-3). ", "Let c = p + 49. ", "Solve t = 4*t - c for t.\n4\nLet u(v) = -18*v - 551. ", "Let l be u(-32). ", "Solve -l - 5 = -6*i for i.\n5\nSuppose -5*a + 80 = 2*q, 5*a + 36 = -5*q + 101. ", "Solve -16*v - 4 = -a*v for v.\n2\nSuppose 0 = -3*x - 5*l + 57, -3*x - l = -x - 24. ", "Solve 8*j + x + 47 = 0 for j.\n-7\nSuppose 5*m - 20 = -y, -4*m + 16 = 96*y - 90*y. ", "Solve -m + 16 = 6*d for d.\n2\nLet u(s) = s**3 + 13*s**2 + s + 13. ", "Let z be (-2)/((-304)/52 + 6). ", "Let q be u(z). ", "Solve -6 = -2*l - q for l.\n3\nSuppose -5*x - 204 = -5*j - 2*x, -2*j - x = -75. ", "Suppose j*w = 41*w - 42. ", "Solve -6*v = v - w for v.\n3\nLet k be 66/(10 - -1) - (-275 + -4). ", "Solve 0 = -22*q + k - 219 for q.\n3\nLet s be (-25 - 8) + (-1 - -4). ", "Let x be (-24)/(-18)*4/((-16)/s). ", "Let u = 14 - x. Solve 2*o + 10 = u*o for o.\n5\nLet o(m) = m**3 - 2*m**2 - 4*m + 4. ", "Let g be o(3). ", "Let x(c) = 9*c + 229. ", "Let p be x(-26). ", "Let j(l) = -l**2 - 12*l - 32. ", "Let t be j(p). ", "Solve t*i - g = 5 for i.\n2\nLet q be 5 + 204 + 3 + -2. ", "Let r be 120/q + 0 + 17/7. ", "Solve -r*x = -4*x - 3 for x.\n-3\nSuppose -y + 4*y - 5*u - 37 = 0, -3*y + 3*u = -27. ", "Suppose 3*m - y*k - 51 = -k, 79 = 5*m + k. Solve -8*p + 4*p - m = 0 for p.\n-4\nLet t = 54 - 52. ", "Let g be t/(-8) - 441/(-36). ", "Suppose 5*r - 4 = 3*r. ", "Solve j = -r*j - g for j.\n-4\nLet t(n) = -4*n - 12. ", "Let z be t(-4). ", "Suppose -z*r = -2*i - 2*i + 28, -19 = -3*i + 2*r. ", "Suppose 75 = 7*f - 3*f - i*q, 0 = 2*q - 10. ", "Solve -u = -6*u - f for u.\n-5\nLet x be 184/(-30) - (-1 - 5) - (-4692)/90. ", "Solve 29 + x = -27*l for l.\n-3\nSuppose 97*q - 732 = -150. ", "Solve -q*d + 1 = 13 for d.\n-2\nLet s(w) = 2*w**3 + 22*w**2 - 2*w - 12. ", "Let x(m) = 4*m + 65. ", "Let z be x(-19). ", "Let k be s(z). ", "Suppose -13*q = -8*q - k. Solve q*b = -2*b + 4 for b.\n1\nLet l(v) = 12*v**2 - v - 8. ", "Let d be l(-2). ", "Suppose 0 = 2*a - 3*p - 54, 0 = -2*a - p - 2*p + d. Suppose 18*c = a*c - 6. ", "Solve -c = -2*k + 3 for k.\n2\nSuppose -m - 72*g + 71*g + 34 = 0, -m + 2*g + 28 = 0. ", "Solve -m = 11*q + 21*q for q.\n-1\nLet w(y) = -3*y**2 - 37*y + 460. ", "Let c be w(-20). ", "Solve c = 30*n + 23*n - 265 for n.\n5\nLet u be (-1 - -6)*8/(-10). ", "Let y be u/(-3)*(-1 + 20/8). ", "Solve y = -b + 3 for b.\n1\nLet p be (63/(-84))/(8/36 - (-3891)/(-17388)). ", "Solve 0 = 513*k - p*k - 60 for k.\n2\nLet s be 2 - (0/(-1) - 9). ", "Let u(n) = 138*n - 127*n - 43 - s. Let b be u(5). ", "Solve -b = -x + 3 for x.\n4\nSuppose -13*c + 0*c + 3185 = 0. ", "Suppose 5*h = -30*h + c. Solve 11*o + 20 = h*o for o.\n-5\nSuppose 0 = 16*a + 211 + 269. ", "Let t be (1/(-1))/(6/a). ", "Solve -t*k + 7 = -3 for k.\n2\nSuppose 3 = -2*z + 11. ", "Suppose -1017 - 849 = -552*i - 210. ", "Solve i*v - z - 2 = 0 for v.\n2\nLet x(d) = d**2 + 4*d - 8. ", "Let z be x(-6). ", "Let i be (2/z)/(1/20). ", "Suppose 0 = 2*c + 3*l + 1, -c = -l - 54 + 37. ", "Solve -i*y - c = -12*y for y.\n5\nSuppose -a = -10*g + 11*g - 27, 4*g = 4*a + 60. ", "Solve -25*i + 24 = -g*i for i.\n6\nSuppose -218*j + 10140 = -61*j - 5246. ", "Solve -16*d = -j + 82 for d.\n1\nLet x(b) = 36*b + 309. ", "Let h(a) = -12*a - 101. ", "Let w(k) = 11*h(k) + 4*x(k). ", "Let i be w(-10). ", "Solve -7 - i = 3*u for u.\n-4\nSuppose -50 = 47*t - 49*t. ", "Suppose 3*l + t = -2*l, 2*i - 4*l = 28. ", "Solve -i*f = -2 + 14 for f.\n-3\nSuppose -68 = g - 3*g. ", "Let b = -11 + g. Let p = -15 + b. Solve o = 3*o - p for o.\n4\nLet y(i) = 78*i + 470. ", "Let n be y(-6). ", "Solve -759*v + 760*v = n for v.\n2\nLet p be 4/(-2) + (-84 - -412). ", "Let x = 328 - p. Solve -15 = -x*h - 3*h for h.\n3\nLet j(z) = -z**2 - 4*z + 2. ", "Suppose g + 0*g = 4*l + 13, 4*l = -4*g - 8. ", "Let f be j(l). ", "Solve -4*y + f = -3 for y.\n2\nLet k(j) = 5*j**2 + 16*j + 3. ", "Let g be k(-3). ", "Suppose c + 11 = 5*t + 2*c, 0 = -3*c + 3. ", "Suppose 2*b + 4*y - 9 = -21, t*b - 5*y - 24 = g. Solve -u - u = b for u.\n-1\nSuppose -q - 3304 = 7*q. ", "Let f = -413 - q. Solve f*b - 4 = -b for b.\n4\nSuppose -54 = 8*h - 94. ", "Suppose 11 = h*w - 2*m, 3*w = 4*w - 2*m + 1. ", "Solve -w = u - 0 for u.\n-3\nLet a = 4498 + -4410. ", "Solve -93*k + a*k = -30 for k.\n6\nLet f(b) = -3*b**2 + 39*b + 3. ", "Let l = -124 - -137. ", "Let v be f(l). ", "Solve v = -3*k - 3 for k.\n-2\nLet f = -61 - -120. ", "Suppose -f*a + 64*a - 25 = 0. ", "Solve 7*l = a*l - 2 for l.\n-1\nLet g(m) = -3 - 18*m**2 + 9*m**2 - m**3 + 8*m**2. ", "Let a be -5 + 10/(5/1). ", "Let u be g(a). ", "Solve 6*s + u = 3*s for s.\n-5\nSuppose -28*y + 414 = 34*y - 16*y. ", "Solve -y = 2*f - 1 for f.\n-4\nLet f = -50 + 252. ", "Let d = -197 + f. Solve d*h + 4 + 11 = 0 for h.\n-3\nSuppose -3*w + 3*i + 2 = -4, -w = 3*i - 14. ", "Suppose -3*j - 5*f = -j - 16, 23 = w*j + 4*f. ", "Suppose 3*m - 34 = -2*m - j*h, 5*h - 35 = -4*m. ", "Solve -m*z = -z for z.\n0\nLet k be -6 + 7 + -138 + -2. ", "Let b = k - -144. ", "Solve j - 12 = b*j for j.\n-3\nLet f be (-336)/30*-1*15/6. ", "Let g be f + -8 + 6 + -8. ", "Solve 2*l + 7*l = g for l.\n2\nSuppose -5*y = -38*l + 36*l + 3010, -5*l - 4*y = -7426. ", "Solve 4*g - 1510 = -l for g.\n5\nLet y be 23 - ((7 - 0) + -12). ", "Let i be 4/14 - (1 + (-1000)/y). ", "Solve i = -4*o - 3*o for o.\n-5\nLet x(l) = -18*l - 168. ", "Let y be x(-10). ", "Solve -36 = -y*r + 36 for r.\n6\nLet n = 6773 - 6722. ", "Solve -n = 5*g - 46 for g.\n-1\nSuppose 5 = -i + 14. ", "Suppose -70 + 80 = 5*x. ", "Solve -x*s = s - i for s.\n3\nSuppose -2*y + 35 = 5*z, 3*y + 3*z + 126 = 201. ", "Solve 2*i + y = -4*i for i.\n-5\nSuppose -3*x - 234 = -3*b, 114 = 2*b - x + 6*x. ", "Solve 8*z + 10*z = -b for z.\n-4\nSuppose -14*w + 276 = 9*w. ", "Suppose -2*f + 0 = 8. ", "Let n be -1 + f + w + -3 + 2. ", "Solve 0*l + n = -3*l for l.\n-2\nSuppose -3*q - 3 = -0. ", "Let m(j) = -5*j**3 - 3*j**2 - 2*j + 4. ", "Let w(n) = -n**3 - n + 1. ", "Let d(t) = q*m(t) + 6*w(t). ", "Let v be d(1). ", "Solve v*r + 3 = -r for r.\n-3\nSuppose h - 2*h + 3*p = -17, 0 = 2*p + 6. ", "Solve -19*c - 46 = -h for c.\n-2\nLet p(z) = -z**3 - 5*z**2 + 1228*z + 7379. ", "Let m be p(-6). ", "Solve -m*s + 8*s + 117 = 0 for s.\n3\nSuppose 21*x - 1558 = 2*x. ", "Suppose x = 11*q + 16. ", "Solve -3*b = 21 - q for b.\n-5\nLet a(o) be the first derivative of -2*o**2 + 27*o - 7. ", "Let t be a(4). ", "Let k(j) = -j**3 + 12*j**2 - 12*j + 13. ", "Let m be k(t). ", "Solve 0 = -m*v - 0*v for v.\n0\nLet g(z) = -z**3 - 12*z**2 + 27*z - 7. ", "Let n be g(-14). ", "Suppose 7*d - 8 = 20. ", "Let r be (-42)/(-9) - d - n/(-3). ", "Solve 0 = -r*v - 0*v + 15 for v.\n5\nSuppose -n = -0*n - 9. ", "Suppose 13 + 9 = -3*c + 5*t, -5*c - 5*t - 50 = 0. ", "Let r be (6/c*-3)/(0 - -2). ", "Solve -n = -2*f + r for f.\n5\nSuppose 0 = -2*x + l + 68, 7*x + 5*l - 34 = 6*x. ", "Solve -15*d + 41 = -x for d.\n5\nLet p(t) = 30*t - 4495. ", "Let v be p(151). ", "Solve -v = -63*i + 58*i for i.\n7\nSuppose -12*l + 40*l - 960 = -4*l. ", "Solve l*o - 73 = 47 for o.\n4\nSuppose -3*b - 25 = -22. ", "Let q be (10 - 108/12)/(b/(-25)). ", "Solve q = -8*l + 3*l for l.\n-5\nLet l be 18/(15/5) + -1*2. ", "Suppose -i + 3*p + 9 = 2*i, 2*i - l*p = 0. ", "Solve o - i = 4*o for o.\n-2\nLet j(q) be the first derivative of q**3/3 - 9*q**2 + 19*q + 3. ", "Suppose 2 = 2*v, -3*v - 99 + 17 = -5*a. ", "Let h be j(a). ", "Solve -2*d - h = -0*d for d.\n-1\nLet r(y) = -2*y**3 - 2*y**2 - 4*y - 3. ", "Suppose 3*a - 3*d " ]

{ "pile_set_name": "DM Mathematics" }

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[ "In today’s challenging environment, we all need an extra blanket of comfort to protect everything for which we work so hard. ", "That blanket does not just consist of randomly selected products and services. ", "Rather, it needs to be woven together with strong and lasting threads consisting of service, commitment, and most importantly, people.", "\n\nAt Able Insurance Group, we understand that when your life has been impacted by unforeseen challenges, you need to be covered immediately by a team of experienced professionals who can make all the difference in your time of need. ", "As one of Canada’s leading insurance Group, we have provided differentiated service for almost 20 years and are prepared to cover you with a secure and friendly blanket when needed.", "\n\nAble Insurance Group is sited centrally in Mississauga, engulfing 6500sqft of space and employing over 50 team members. ", "Our successfully established office in Ontario and Alberta has the innovative technology to uphold a large client base. ", "Our team is fully equipped with latest technologies in order to provide our administrators with the utmost privilege, in turn, helping our clients achieve their financial goals.", "\n\nI Came to Able Insurance Group for Life Insurance and they guided me in the right direction and gave me the most appropriate insurance which covered my all needs. ", "Thank You Able :)\n\nWe've served more than 100K Canada-wide clients, you are the next customer for us\n.", "\n\nFor superior insurance service, pickup the phone and call us today.", "\n\nAble Insurance Group Ltd.\n\nAble insurance group is a provider of best online insurance quotes, carefully designed to suit your specific insurance and financial needs.", "\n\nAble insurance group is the best centre for developing an educational plan for your children's post secondry education, having the govt. ", "help you pay for it and getting extra dollars credited to your RESP account." ]

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[ "217 F.3d 1187 (9th Cir. ", "2000)\nCOLUMBIA RIVER PEOPLE'S UTILITY DISTRICT, Plaintiff-Appellant,v.PORTLAND GENERAL ELECTRIC COMPANY, Defendant-Appellee.", "\nNo. ", "99-35411\nU.S. Court of Appeals for the Ninth Circuit\nArgued and Submitted May 3, 2000--Portland, OregonFiled July 17, 2000\n\nThomas A. Balmer, Ater Wynne, Portland, Oregon, for the plaintiff-appellant.", "\nBarbee B. Lyon, Tonkon Torp, Portland, Oregon, for the defendant-appellee.", "\nAppeal from the United States District Court for the District of Oregon; Robert E. Jones, District Judge, Presiding. ", " D.C. No. ", "CV-98-01497-JO\nBefore: Donald P. Lay,1 A. Wallace Tashima and M. Margaret McKeown, Circuit Judges.", "\nLAY, Circuit Judge:\n\n\n1\nColumbia River People's Utility District (\"CRPUD\") appeals the grant of summary judgment in an antitrust action brought against Portland General Electric Company (\"PGE\"). ", "The dispute focuses on the right to sell electrical power to the Boise Cascade plant in St. Helens, Oregon. ", "The district court dismissed the case under the rationale that PGE's actions were cloaked with state-action immunity from antitrust violations. ", "CRPUD asserts the district court erred, inter alia, that the issue of state-action immunity was not pleaded or briefed by the parties and was otherwise wrongfully applied to the facts and circumstances. ", "PGE argues, on the other hand, that the district court correctly applied the state-action immunity doctrine and, alternatively, urges that CRPUD failed to state a cognizable claim under S 1 of the Sherman Antitrust Act.2 We affirm the district court on the ground that CRPUD has failed to state a claim under S 1 of the Sherman Antitrust Act.", "\n\nI. Background\n\n2\nIn 1961, the Oregon legislature established a regulatory framework that allowed utility providers to allocate customers and territories without violating antitrust laws. ", "See Or. ", "Rev. Stat. ", "ch. ", "758. ", "The statute provides:\n\n\n3\nThe elimination and future prevention of duplication of utility facilities is a matter of statewide concern; and in order to promote the efficient and economic use and development and the safety of operation of utility services while providing adequate and reasonable service to all territories and customers affected thereby, it is necessary to regulate in the manner provided in ORS S 758.400 to 758.475 all persons and entities providing utility service.", "\n\n\n4\nOr. ", "Rev. Stat. ", "S 758.405 (1999). ", "Both parties are \"persons\" subject to this legislation. ", "See Or. ", "Rev. Stat. ", "S 758.400(2) (1999).", "\n\n\n5\nUnder the state regulatory scheme, a utility that exclusively serves a territory can apply to the Oregon Public Utility Commission (\"OPUC\") for the exclusive right to serve that territory. ", "See Or. ", "Rev. Stat. ", "S 758.435 (1999). ", "Once the OPUC approves this territorial allocation, no other utility can provide service for that territory. ", "See Or. ", "Rev. Stat. ", "S 758.450(2) (1999) (\"[N]o other person shall offer, construct or extend utility service in or into [a territory allocated by the OPUC].\"). ", "The statutory scheme does allow for a local people's utility district (\"PUD\") to use its condemnation power to take over a private utility's exclusive territory and the facilities used to service that exclusive territory. ", "See Or. ", "Rev. Stat. ", "S 758.470(1) (1999). ", "In such case, the PUD \"acquire[s] all of the rights of the person whose property is condemned to serve the territory served by the acquired properties. \" ", "Id.\n\n\n6\nSoon after the passage of this regulatory scheme, PGE applied to the OPUC for the exclusive right to serve much of its territory. ", "In 1963, the OPUC approved PGE's application. ", "PGE's territory included the Boise Cascade plant at issue in this case.", "\n\n\n7\nCRPUD was organized as a PUD under Oregon law in the 1940s. ", "As a PUD, its territory included much of the territory PGE had the exclusive right to serve, including the Boise Cascade plant. ", "CRPUD was largely a shell organization until 1980, when voters approved a bond measure enabling it to purchase electric utility distribution facilities from PGE. ", " Negotiations between PGE and CRPUD failed, however, and in 1981 CRPUD filed a condemnation action in state court to acquire some of PGE's facilities by eminent domain.", "\n\n\n8\nPrior to trial, CRPUD and PGE entered into a settlement agreement. ", "Under their agreement, PGE agreed to sell CRPUD most of the sought-after utility property and territory. ", "In return, CRPUD agreed that PGE would continue to exclusively serve the Boise Cascade plant, but reserved the right to acquire the Boise Cascade facilities in the future for a fixed purchase price of $31+ million. ", "This provision, which CRPUD characterizes as liquidated damages, read in part:\n\n\n9\nIn the event CRPUD seeks to acquire by condemna tion or negotiation the facilities serving or necessary to serve Boise Cascade, or in fact serves Boise Cas cade, it is agreed that CRPUD shall pay PGE the appraised value of said facilities in the amount of $31,710,046.00, which figure shall be escalated annually by an amount based on a mutually accept able index designed to track inflation.", "\n\n\n10\n(CRPUD E.R. at 82 (Stipulated J. P 14).) ", "Shortly after this agreement, CRPUD purchased the utility property from PGE and began providing utility service in the acquired territory.", "\n\n\n11\nAs a consequence of this transaction, PGE filed applications with the OPUC seeking regulatory approval of the sale of property and transfer of territory to CRPUD. ", "In 1986, the OPUC approved the sale of utility property to CRPUD. ", "The OPUC also approved PGE's transfer of territory to CRPUD, but on different grounds than PGE requested3.", "\n\n\n12\nSeveral years later, CRPUD realized that it could build facilities to serve the Boise Cascade plant for approximately $2 million, a price significantly less than the $31 million purchase price in the settlement agreement. ", "CRPUD thus filed this lawsuit in the United States District Court for the District of Oregon seeking declaratory relief that the damages clause of the agreement violated S 1 of the Sherman Antitrust Act.", "\n\nII. ", "Discussion\n\n13\nIn order successfully to allege a violation of S 1 of the Sherman Antitrust Act,4 a plaintiff must allege sufficient factsto demonstrate three elements: (1) the existence of a contract, combination, or conspiracy among two or more separate entities that (2) unreasonably restrains (3) interstate trade or commerce. ", "See American Ad Management, Inc. v. GTE Corp., 92 F.3d 781, 788 (9th Cir. ", "1996). ", "Because CRPUD has not sufficiently alleged a restraint of trade or commerce, we hold the S 1 claim must fail as a matter of law5.", "\n\n\n14\nIn interpreting the phrase \"trade or commerce,\" the Supreme Court has held that S 1 of the Sherman Antitrust Act reaches only those restraints which are comparable to restraints deemed illegal at common law. ", "Apex Hosiery Co. v. Leader, 310 U.S. 469, 495 (1940). ", "At common law only restraints of trade that involved the \"restriction or suppression of commercial competition\" were forbidden. ", "Id. at 500. ", "Thus, an allegation that \"competition has been injured rather than merely competitors\" is essential to any S 1 Sherman Antitrust Act Claim. ", "Rutman Wine Co. v. E. & J. Gallo Winery, 829 F.2d 729, 734 (9th Cir. ", "1987). ", "See also Shepard v. Lee, 929 F.2d 496, 499 (9th Cir. ", "1991) (holding plaintiff must allege damage that \"in some way involve[s] such competition . . . .\") (", "citing Klor's, Inc. v. Broadway-Hale Stores, Inc., 359 U.S. 207, 213 (1959)).", "\n\n\n15\nCRPUD has failed to accomplish this task. ", "Condemnation of property by a governmental entity is not a business or a commercial transaction. ", "It is not \"competition. \" ", "CRPUD argues that as both parties sell electric power, they are engaged in commerce within the meaning of S 1 of the Sherman Antitrust Act. ", "CRPUD nevertheless has failed to allege some restraint on trade or commerce. ", "See Shepard, 929 F.2d at 499 (holding that the mere exchange of money between parties does not automatically implicate trade or commerce). ", "Consumers will suffer no harm as a result of enforcing the damages clause because the clause itself does not restrain any trade; consumers will still buy electricity and a utility will still produce it. ", "CRPUD seeks to use the antitrust provisions to replace PGE in the monopoly market that sells electric power to Boise Cascade. ", "This it cannot do. ", "See Brown Shoe Co. v. United States, 370 U.S. 294, 320 (1962) (holding that the antitrust laws were enacted for \"the protection of competition, not competitors . . . .\"). ", "See also Herbert Hovenkamp, Federal Antitrust Policy 552-553 (1994) (\"But if the plaintiff's only claim is of the nature `I, rather than the defendant, was entitled to be the monopolist of this market,' then the plaintiff is not a victim of antitrust injury.\").", "\n\n\n16\nThe case of Brunswick Corp. v. Riegel Textile Corp., 752 F.2d 261 (7th Cir. ", "1984), illustrates this principle. ", "In Brunswick, the defendant allegedly borrowed the plaintiff's non-patented technology on a trial basis and then patented the technology. ", "Id. at 264. ", "Plaintiff filed an antitrust cause of action in federal court. ", "In dismissing the case, the court pointed out that the market remained just as competitive as before the theft; the question of who owns the patent monopoly is a \"matter of indifference\" to the antitrust laws. ", "Id. at 267. ", "The court also explained that the theft of a valid patent \"creates no monopoly power; it merely shifts a lawful monopoly into different hands.\" ", "Id. at 266. ", "The same principle is applicable here. ", "The damages clause does not \"create\" monopoly power in violation of the antitrust laws, rather its enforcement may simply prevent CRPUD from becoming the approved monopolist for the Boise Cascade plant. ", "As the Seventh Circuit stated, \"[t]his has no antitrust significance.\" ", "Id. Thus, although the facts aredifferent, the legal question in this case -the identity of the state approved monopolist for the Boise Cascade plant -is identical.", "\n\n\n17\nThis case is not about competition as CRPUD would have it. ", "The only issue in this case is determining which party will be the state-approved monopolist for the Boise Cascade plant. ", "As such, CRPUD has no recourse under the federal antitrust statutes.", "\n\nIII. ", "Conclusion\n\n18\nFor the foregoing reasons, we AFFIRM the district court's grant of summary judgment.", "\n\n\n\nNotes:\n\n\n1\n The Honorable Donald P. Lay, Senior United States Circuit Judge for the Eighth Circuit, sitting by designation.", "\n\n\n2\n Among other issues which PGE injects into the appeal is the question of standing and collateral attack of the state court judgment. ", "For the reasons set forth, we need not address these or any issues other than those discussed in our opinion.", "\n\n\n3\n PGE requested approval on the ground that such a transfer served the public interest. ", "See Or. ", "Rev. Stat. ", "S 758.460 (1999). ", "The OPUC, however, decided that, as a municipality, CRPUD was entitled to an automatic transfer of the service territory along with the utility property it acquired from PGE. ", "See Or. ", "Rev. Stat. ", "S 758.470(1) (1999) (explaining that in a condemnation action, a municipality \"acquire[s] all of the rights of the person whose property is condemned to serve the territory served by the acquired properties.\"). ", "Thus, the transfer was a ministerial act by the OPUC.", "\n\n\n4\n Section 1 of the Sherman Antitrust Act proscribes \"[e]very contract, combination . . . ", "or conspiracy, in restraint of trade or commerce . . . .\" ", "15 U.S.C. S 1 (1994). ", "The underlying purpose of the Act is to promote commercial competition by rendering certain anti-competitive practices illegal, see Sheppard v. Lee, 929 F.2d 496, 498 (9th Cir. ", "1991), and is aimed at the \"prevention of restraints to free competition in business and commercial transactions . . . .\" ", "Apex Hosiery Co. v. Leader, 310 U.S. 469, 493 (1940). ", "A court's inquiry under Section 1 \"is confined to a consideration of impact on competitive conditions,\" and the court's role is to \"form a judgment about the competitive significance of the restraint . . . .\" ", "National Soc'y of Prof'l Eng'rs v. United States , 435 U.S. 679, 690, 692 (1978). ", "Section 1 does not reach conduct that is \"wholly unilateral.\" ", "Copperweld Corp. v. Independence Tube Corp., 467 U.S. 752, 768 (1984).", "\n\n\n5\n Since we find CRPUD failed to state a claim under the Sherman Antitrust Act, we need not address the state-immunity doctrine on which the district court based its ruling.", "\n\n\n" ]

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[ "The flow of refugees and migrants to Europe was on top of the agenda in Prime Minister Erna Solberg’s political talks in Brussels on March 2, 2016.", "\n\nThursday 26 November, the Norwegian government introduced temporary border controls, to prevent people without the required travel documents from entering the country. ", "slot spiele kostenlos\n\nNorway’s financial contributions include funding to reduce disparities in Europe and contributions to the budget of EU programmes and agencies we participate in.", "\n\nThe Norwegian Government’s proposed fiscal budget for 2016 was presented on October 7. ", "The government aims to increase spendings to support Ukraine and in humanitarian aid, and will continue to give high priority to Norway’s interests and responsibilities in the Arctic.", "\n\nNorway has decided to allocate a total of NOK 35 million for emergency measures to address the migration crisis in Greece.", "\n\nNorway and the EU enjoy good and close relations, although Norway is not a member of the European Union. ", "The Agreement on the European Economic Area (EEA) is the mainstay of our cooperation, and it ensures that Norway takes part in the EU internal market. ", "We are also part of the Schengen Agreement and cooperate with the EU on foreign and security policy issues.", "\n\nWork programme for cooperation with the EU in 2016 \"We need more, not less cooperation with the EU on the common challenges facing Europe\", said Minister of EEA and EU Affairs Elisabeth Aspaker, pointing out the Single Market strategy, migration, climate and energy among the main priorities in the Government´s Eurpean work programme for 2016. ", "Read more\n\n\"Norway needs more cooperation with the EU\" Recently appointed Minister of EEA and EU Affairs, Elisabeth Aspaker, on 26-27 January visited the capital of the EU to get more insight into how Norwegian stakeholders and the EEA EFTA institutions are working to maintain the broad collaboration between Norway and the EU. ", "Cassino Online Brasil\n\nRead more\n\nNorway’s climate target for 2030 Norway has submitted its 2030 climate target of at least 40% reduction of greenhouse gas emissions by 2030, compared to 1990 levels, to the UN Framework Convention on Climate Change. ", "free slots\n\nRead more\n\nEEA and Norway Grants The EEA and Norway Grants are Norway’s contribution to reducing economic and social disparities within the European Economic Area (EEA). ", "Our funding also provide a unique opportunity to promote cooperation and partnerships between Norway and the sixteen beneficiary states in Central and Southern Europe. ", "hedelmäpelit\n\nRead more" ]

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[ "Is nasogastric or nasojejunal decompression necessary following gastrectomy for gastric cancer? ", "A systematic review and meta-analysis of randomised controlled trials.", "\nWhether nasogastric or nasojejunal decompression (ND) prevents anastomotic leakage, hastens the return of bowel function, and shortens hospital stay after gastrectomy for gastric cancer has long been controversial. ", "We evaluated the necessity of routine ND after radical gastrectomy for gastric cancer with a systematic review and meta-analysis. ", "We searched literature published prior to January 2014 in PubMed, Embase, Cochrane Library, Web of Science, and BIOSIS Previews for relevant randomized controlled trials (RCTs). ", "Only prospective RCTs comparing individuals with and without ND after gastrectomy for gastric cancer were included. ", "Outcome measures included time to first flatus, time to starting oral diet, anastomotic leakage, pulmonary complications, wound dehiscence, length of hospital stay, morbidity, and mortality. ", "Cochrane Collaboration RevMan 5.2 software was used for the meta-analysis. ", "Eight RCT studies fulfilled our inclusion criteria. ", "Of the 1,141 patients in those RCTs, 570 received nasogastric or nasojejunal decompression and 571 did not. ", "Anastomotic leakage, pulmonary complications, wound dehiscence, morbidity, and mortality were comparable between the groups. ", "Stratified by the type of gastrectomy or gastrojejunostomy, no significant differences in above mentioned outcomes were observed in subgroup analyses. ", "The no ND group displayed a significantly shorter time to oral diet (weighted mean difference [WMD] = 0.45, 95% confidence interval [CI] = 0.29 to 0.61, p < 0.001) and a marginally shorter end of hospital stay (WMD = 0.48, 95% CI = -0.01 to 0.98, p = 0.05). ", "The ND group significantly shortened time to first flatus (WMD = -0.7, 95% CI = -1.13 to -0.27, p = 0.001), especially with Roux-en-Y reconstruction (WMD = -1.0, 95 % CI = -1.52 to -0.48, p = 0.0002) and prolonged time to starting oral diet (WMD = 0.52, 95% CI = 0.13 to 0.90, p = 0.009) in the patients with subtotal gastrectomy. ", "Routine ND appears to be unnecessary after gastrectomy for gastric cancer, irrespective of the extent of resection, and the type of digestive reconstruction." ]

{ "pile_set_name": "PubMed Abstracts" }

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[ "Neuronal communication in the dorsal vagal complex (DVC) is critical for integrating visceral afferent and other inputs, and translating that integrated signal into a coordinated parasympathetic motor output via the vagus nerve. ", "In particular, GABAergic inhibition is a dominant regulator of neuronal function in the area. ", "Despite the recognized importance of this circuitry in controlling feeding and digestion, relatively little is known about local cellular interactions in the DVC. ", "The general hypothesis of this proposal is that activity of neurons in the dorsal motor nucleus of the vagus (DMV) that control gastric function is prominently controlled by inhibitory GABAergic inputs arising from neurons in the nucleus tractus solitarius (NTS). ", "The activity of NTS GABA neurons is regulated by both glutamatergic excitatory and GABAergic inhibitory synaptic inputs. ", "We propose that GABAergic control of preganglionic vagal motor output is accomplished by both phasic and tonic postsynaptic GABAA receptor-mediated inhibition and that specific cellular interactions in the DVC are organized in a manner that consistent with the concept, well developed in other sensory-motor systems, that local inhibitory circuitry coordinates responses between functional areas of the solitary complex. ", "Gastrointestinal and other autonomic dysfunction affects people with diabetes mellitus and hyperglycemia significantly alters central vagal motor function. ", "We further propose that GABAA receptor-mediated currents in gastric-related DMV neurons are functionally altered in a model of type 1 diabetes mellitus. ", "We will use a multidisciplinary approach to examine GABA-mediated synaptic transmission between neurons in the DVC, focusing particularly on inhibitory synaptic control of identified GABAergic neurons in the NTS, as well as on neurons in the DMV in the context of gastrointestinal control. ", "Electrophysiological experiments will be done in vitro using brain slice preparations from mature male mice in which DMV and NTS neurons can be identified by their anatomical connection with the stomach, their GABA content, or both. ", "With whole-cell patch-clamp recordings, we will use photoactivation of caged glutamate to stimulate selectively the soma-dendritic regions of local neurons in order to analyze GABA-mediated connections within the solitary complex. ", "We aim to determine: 1) the contribution of tonic GABAergic currents to neuronal activity in the DMV; 2) how identified gastric-related GABAergic neurons in the NTS are regulated by GABA input; and 3) effects of hyperglycemia on GABA currents in a model of type 1 diabetes. ", "We will correlate electrophysiological results with pharmacological and molecular biological analyses to construct a cellular model of local GABAergic control of DMV neuron activity. ", "PUBLIC HEALTH RELEVANCE: Inhibitory connections between neurons that regulate the gastrointestinal system are critical to feeding and digestion, but how they control output to the stomach is largely unknown. ", "We have uncovered evidence of a heretofore unstudied and powerful means of regulating how the brain controls the gut, and that this mechanism is altered in a model of type 1 diabetes mellitus. ", "The experiments here will examine the synaptic mechanisms controlling gut-related neuron activity and will point to new ways of modifying activity of the gastrointestinal system in response to specific triggers associated with feeding and under pathological conditions of metabolic dysregulation." ]

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[ "/**\n * Forge Web ID Tests\n *\n * @author Dave Longley\n *\n * Copyright (c) 2010 Digital Bazaar, Inc. All rights reserved.", "\n */\n(function($)\n{\n // load flash socket pool\n window.forge.socketPool = {};\n window.forge.socketPool.ready = function()\n {\n // init page\n init($);\n };\n swfobject.embedSWF(\n 'forge/SocketPool.swf', 'socketPool', '0', '0', '9.0.0',\n false, {}, {allowscriptaccess: 'always'}, {});\n})(jQuery);\n\nvar init = function($)\n{\n // logging category\n var cat = 'forge.tests.loginDemo';\n \n // local alias\n var forge = window.forge;\n try\n {\n // get query variables\n var query = forge.util.getQueryVariables();\n var domain = query.domain || '';\n var auth = query.auth || '';\n var redirect = query.redirect || '';\n var pport = query.pport || 843;\n redirect = 'https://' + domain + '/' + redirect;\n if(domain)\n {\n $('#domain').html('`' + domain + '`');\n } \n \n // for chosen webid\n var chosen = null;\n \n // init forge xhr\n forge.xhr.init({\n flashId: 'socketPool',\n msie: $.browser.msie,\n url: 'https://' + domain,\n policyPort: pport,\n connections: 1,\n caCerts: [],\n verify: function(c, verified, depth, certs)\n {\n // don't care about cert verification for test\n return true;\n },\n getCertificate: function(c)\n {\n forge.log.debug(cat, 'using cert', chosen.certificate);\n return chosen.certificate;\n },\n getPrivateKey: function(c)\n {\n //forge.log.debug(cat, 'using private key', chosen.privateKey);\n return chosen.privateKey;\n }\n });\n \n // get flash API\n var flashApi = document.getElementById('socketPool');\n \n // get web ids collection\n var webids = forge.util.getItem(\n flashApi, 'forge.test.webid', 'webids');\n webids = webids || {};\n \n var id = 0;\n var list = $('<ul/>');\n for(var key in webids)\n {\n (function(webid)\n {\n var cert = forge.pki.certificateFromPem(webid.certificate);\n var item = $('<li/>');\n var button = $('<button>');\n button.attr('id', '' + (webid + id++));\n button.html('Choose');\n button.click(function()\n {\n button.attr('disabled', 'disabled');\n \n // set chosen webid\n chosen = webid;\n \n // do webid call\n $.ajax(\n {\n type: 'GET',\n url: '/' + auth,\n success: function(data, textStatus, xhr)\n {\n if(data !", "== '')\n {\n forge.log.debug(cat, 'authentication completed');\n forge.log.debug(cat, data);\n window.name = data;\n }\n else\n {\n forge.log.debug(cat, 'authentication failed');\n window.name = '';\n }\n window.location = redirect;\n },\n error: function(xhr, textStatus, errorThrown)\n {\n forge.log.error(cat, 'authentication failed');\n },\n xhr: forge.xhr.create\n });\n });\n item.append(button);\n item.append(' ' + key + '<br/>');\n \n // display certificate attributes\n var attr;\n for(var n = 0; n < cert.subject.attributes.length; ++n)\n {\n attr = cert.subject.attributes[n];\n item.append(attr.name + ': ' + attr.value + '<br/>');\n }\n \n list.append(item);\n })(webids[key]);\n }\n if(list.html() === '<ul/>')\n {\n list.append('None');\n }\n \n $('#webids').append(list);\n }\n catch(ex)\n {\n forge.log.error(cat, ex);\n }\n};\n" ]

{ "pile_set_name": "Github" }

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[ "China rules against Apple over iPhone patent claim Published duration 17 June 2016\n\nimage copyright Getty Images\n\nBeijing's Intellectual Property Office has ruled against Apple in a patent dispute brought by a Chinese handset maker.", "\n\nThe iPhone 6 and 6S models are similar to Shenzhen Baili's little-known 100C phone, the authority ruled.", "\n\nIn theory, this could lead to iPhone sales being halted in Beijing but sales continue as Apple has appealed to a higher court.", "\n\nThe tech giant said the handset is still available throughout China.", "\n\n\"iPhone 6 and iPhone 6 Plus as well as iPhone 6s, iPhone 6S Plus and iPhone SE models are all available for sale today in China. ", "We appealed an administrative order from a regional patent tribunal in Beijing last month and as a result the order has been stayed pending review by the Beijing IP Court,\" the firm said.", "\n\nAnalyst Ben Wood, from CCS Insight, told the BBC he was confident that Apple would resolve the situation.", "\n\n\"Large companies will always be reluctant to settle if they feel they don't have a case to answer, but the Chinese market is so strategic to Apple that if they have to settle, they will,\" he told the BBC.", "\n\n\"This is a constant challenge for all large tech firms.", "\n\n\"Typically these sorts of legal spats are a game of brinkmanship.\"", "\n\nimage copyright Xintong Tiandi\n\nAnalysis: Celia Hatton, Asia Pacific Editor, BBC World Service\n\nThis is likely to anger Chinese consumers who love their iPhones.", "\n\nBaili is not a well-known company - they're not particularly popular.", "\n\nChina is Apple's second-largest market, but the patent ruling just adds to the company's problems: its iTunes Books and Movie apps were recently shut down by the authorities, and it just lost a lawsuit against a Chinese leather goods maker which stamps the name \"IPHONE\" on its luggage.", "\n\nEarlier this month, senior US officials warned American companies felt increasingly unwelcome in China, while the European Business Council noted its members were encountering a \"hostile environment\" in the country." ]

{ "pile_set_name": "OpenWebText2" }

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[ "Just hours after the Taliban announced the launch of this year’s spring offensive, named the “Al Khandaq Jihadi operations,” the US Department of State issued a statement urging the Taliban to lay down its arms, conduct negotiations, and join Afghanistan’s election process. ", "State’s repetitive call for the Taliban to make peace demonstrates an unthinkable fundamental misunderstanding of the Taliban and its goals some 16 years after the US first entered Afghanistan.", "\n\nThe Taliban has no intention of joining a political process and as it has stated numerous times, its goals are the expulsion of US and foreign forces, the overthrow of the Afghan government, the re-establishment of the of the Islamic Emirate of Afghanistan (the name of the Taliban’s government) and the imposition of its harsh brand of Sharia, or Islamic law. ", "Yet, US officials across three administrations have either failed to recognize those intentions or are low on options with their incessant push for the Taliban to negotiate.", "\n\nThe statement, attributed to Acting Secretary of State John J. Sullivan, is reproduced in full below. ", "The last paragraph is especially facile:\n\nAs President Ghani recently said, the Taliban should turn their bullets and bombs into ballots. ", "They should run for office. ", "They should vote. ", "We encourage Taliban leaders to return to Afghanistan from their foreign safe havens and work constructively for Afghanistan’s future. ", "More violence will not bring peace and security to Afghanistan.", "\n\nThe idea that the Taliban would join a democratic political process and share power with Afghans who they view as puppets, stooges and pawns – all words they have previously used to describe the Afghan government – is both a nonstarter and nonsensical.", "\n\nThe Taliban has repeatedly stated that it is fighting a religious war, and that it is therefore required to eject the Coalition and overthrow the Afghan government by force. ", "The reality is the Taliban is waging jihad. ", "The Taliban justifies its jihad by using passages from the Koran. ", "This year’s offensive, Al Khandaq Jihadi operations, is named after a successful battle fought by the Prophet Muhammad in Medina, Saudi Arabia, in 627. ", "Note “jihadi” in the name.", "\n\nThis is what the Taliban stated yesterday when it announced the onset of the operations:\n\nThe continuation of the legitimate Jihadi resistance against the foreign invaders and their internal and external supporters is deemed as a legal, moral and security obligation by the Islamic Emirate of Afghanistan as a defending force of the pious values of our sacred religion of Islam and the territorial integrity of our homeland.", "\n\nRather than dismiss the Taliban’s myriad of statements as mere propaganda, instead examine how the Taliban has acted since the US invaded the country in 2001.", "\n\nThe Taliban refused to surrender Osama bin Laden after the attacks on the US on 9/11 and instead risked losing its state. ", "The Taliban didn’t do so just because it didn’t want to violate local custom of protecting a guest; the Taliban and al Qaeda are ideological bedfellows and remain closely allied to this day.", "\n\nThe Taliban has weathered several rough periods since the US invasion. ", "It waited out the US “surge” from 2009-2014, where more than 120,000 US troops backed by the might of US air power, fought to expel the Taliban from its sanctuaries in Helmand and Kandahar, the birthplace of the Taliban. ", "Despite suffering major setbacks, it never sought to negotiate or join the political process then. ", "They will not now.", "\n\nUS officials are wasting their time, energy, and political cachet by begging the Taliban to join the peace process and share power with the government of Afghanistan.", "\n\nPress Releases: On Taliban Announcement of Spring Offensive\n\n04/25/2018 06:37 PM EDT Press Statement\n\nJohn J. Sullivan\n\nActing Secretary of State\n\nWashington, DC\n\nApril 25, 2018 We have seen the Taliban’s announcement of their spring offensive. ", "The announcement affirms the Taliban’s responsibility for the insecurity that destroys the lives of thousands of Afghans each year. ", "President Ghani recently extended an historic invitation for the Taliban to join a peace process, and there is no justification for the announcement of a new offensive. ", "There is no need for a new “fighting season.” ", "Still, the Taliban announced another campaign of senseless violence targeting the democratically elected and internationally recognized Afghan government and their fellow Afghans. ", "The United States stands with the Afghan people in response to the Taliban’s announcement. ", "We support the brave Afghan security forces who are standing against the Taliban and terrorist groups that seek to destroy Afghan society. ", "We commend the Afghan people, who are carrying on their lives, raising families, attending universities, building businesses, preparing for elections, and strengthening their communities despite violence and continued bloodshed. ", "As President Ghani recently said, the Taliban should turn their bullets and bombs into ballots. ", "They should run for office. ", "They should vote. ", "We encourage Taliban leaders to return to Afghanistan from their foreign safe havens and work constructively for Afghanistan’s future. ", "More violence will not bring peace and security to Afghanistan.", "\n\nBill Roggio is a Senior Fellow at the Foundation for Defense of Democracies and the Editor of FDD's Long War Journal.", "\n\nAre you a dedicated reader of FDD's Long War Journal? ", "Has our research benefitted you or your team over the years? ", "Support our independent reporting and analysis today by considering a one-time or monthly donation. ", "Thanks for reading! ", "You can make a tax-deductible donation here." ]

{ "pile_set_name": "OpenWebText2" }

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[ "Multivariable feedback active structural acoustic control using adaptive piezoelectric sensoriactuators.", "\nAn experimental implementation of a multivariable feedback active structural acoustic control system is demonstrated on a piezostructure plate with pinned boundary conditions. ", "Four adaptive piezoelectric sensoriactuators provide an array of truly colocated actuator/sensor pairs to be used as control transducers. ", "Radiation filters are developed based on the self- and mutual-radiation efficiencies of the structure and are included into the performance cost of an H2 control law which minimizes total radiated sound power. ", "In the cost function, control effort is balanced with reductions in radiated sound power. ", "A similarity transform which produces generalized velocity states that are required as inputs to the radiation filters is presented. ", "Up to 15 dB of attenuation in radiated sound power was observed at the resonant frequencies of the piezostructure." ]

{ "pile_set_name": "PubMed Abstracts" }

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[ "This invention generally relates to medical devices, and particularly to intracorporeal devices for therapeutic or diagnostic uses, such as balloon catheters. ", "In percutaneous transluminal coronary angioplasty (PTCA) procedures, a guiding catheter is advanced until the distal tip of the guiding catheter is seated in the ostium of a desired coronary artery. ", "A guidewire, positioned within an inner lumen of a dilatation catheter, is first advanced out of the distal end of the guiding catheter into the patient's coronary artery until the distal end of the guidewire crosses a lesion to be dilated. ", "Then the dilatation catheter having an inflatable balloon on the distal portion thereof is advanced into the patient's coronary anatomy, over the previously introduced guidewire, until the balloon of the dilatation catheter is properly positioned across the lesion. ", "Once properly positioned, the dilatation balloon is inflated with fluid one or more times to a predetermined size at relatively high pressures (e.g. greater than 8 atmospheres) so that the stenosis is compressed against the arterial wall and the wall expanded to open up the passageway. ", "Generally, the inflated diameter of the balloon is approximately the same diameter as the native diameter of the body lumen being dilated so as to complete the dilatation but not overexpand the artery wall. ", "Substantial, uncontrolled expansion of the balloon against the vessel wall can cause trauma to the vessel wall. ", "After the balloon is finally deflated, blood flow resumes through the dilated artery and the dilatation catheter can be removed therefrom.", "\nIn such angioplasty procedures, there may be restenosis of the artery, i.e. reformation of the arterial blockage, which necessitates either another angioplasty procedure, or some other method of repairing or strengthening the dilated area. ", "To reduce the restenosis rate and to strengthen the dilated area, physicians frequently implant a stent inside the artery at the site of the lesion. ", "Stents may also be used to repair vessels having an intimal flap or dissection or to generally strengthen a weakened section of a vessel. ", "Stents are usually delivered to a desired location within a coronary artery in a contracted condition on a balloon of a catheter which is similar in many respects to a balloon angioplasty catheter, and expanded to a larger diameter by expansion of the balloon. ", "The balloon is deflated to remove the catheter and the stent left in place within the artery at the site of the dilated lesion. ", "Stent covers on an inner or an outer surface of the stent have been used in, for example, the treatment of pseudo-aneurysms and perforated arteries, and to prevent prolapse of plaque. ", "Similarly, vascular grafts comprising cylindrical tubes made from tissue or synthetic materials such as polyester, expanded polytetrafluoroethylene, and DACRON may be implanted in vessels to strengthen or repair the vessel, or used in an anastomosis procedure to connect vessels segments together.", "\nIn the design of catheter balloons, characteristics such as strength, compliance, and profile of the balloon are carefully tailored depending on the desired use of the balloon catheter, and the balloon material and manufacturing procedure are chosen to provide the desired balloon characteristics. ", "A variety of polymeric materials are conventionally used in catheter balloons. ", "Use of polymeric materials such as PET that do not stretch appreciably consequently necessitates that the balloon is formed by blow molding, and the deflated balloon material is folded around the catheter shaft in the form of wings, prior to inflation in the patient's body lumen. ", "However, it can be desirable to employ balloons, referred to as formed-in-place balloons, that are not folded prior to inflation, but which are instead expanded to the working diameter within the patient's body lumen from a generally cylindrical or tubular shape (i.e., essentially no wings) that conforms to the catheter shaft.", "\nA catheter balloon formed of expanded polytetrafluoroethylene (ePTFE) has been suggested. ", "ePTFE is PTFE which has been expanded to form porous ePTFE which typically has a node and fibril microstructure comprising nodes interconnected by fibrils. ", "However, ePTFE has proven difficult to bond to balloon liner materials and/or to catheter shafts. ", "One difficulty has been bonding ePTFE absent the use of adhesives which can increase stiffness at the bond site, and/or bonding pretreatments which can cause decomposition of the ePTFE fibril structure.", "\nIt would be a significant advance to provide a catheter balloon, or other medical device component, with improved performance and bondability." ]

{ "pile_set_name": "USPTO Backgrounds" }

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[ "Impact of infections on the survival of hospitalized advanced cancer patients.", "\nAdvanced cancer patients remain highly susceptible to infections, leading to significant morbidity and mortality. ", "A lack of consensus on the management of infections in this population stems from the heterogeneity of the patient group, divergent goals of care, and unknown prognosis with antibiotic treatment. ", "This prospective single cohort study examined the impact of infection and its treatment on the survival of hospitalized advanced cancer patients compared with a similar cohort without infection. ", "A total of 441 patients were referred to the palliative care (PC) consult service in a tertiary hospital over a 12-month period. ", "The occurrence of sepsis, organ-related infection, and antibiotic use were recorded on initial PC consult. ", "Survival was calculated from the point of PC consult to the date of death. ", "Of these patients, 16.6% suffered a recent episode of sepsis (with or without an identifiable organ-related infection) and 23.4% had a recent episode of organ-related infection without clinically evident sepsis. ", "Among the patients with sepsis, organ-related infection, or both, 89.7% received antibiotics (intravenous, oral, or both). ", "Median survival of septic and nonseptic patients was 15 and 42 days, respectively. ", "Septic patients who responded poorly to treatment (nonresponders) had a median survival of five days vs. 142 days in good responders. ", "This equates with a hazard ratio of 9.74 for death in antibiotic nonresponders (P<0.05). ", "Median survival for patients with an untreated organ-related infection (no sepsis) was 27 days compared with 48 days in a similar cohort receiving antibiotic therapy. ", "Among patients on IV antibiotics, nonresponders had a median survival of six days vs. 108 days in responders. ", "For patients on oral antibiotics, nonresponders had a median survival of six days vs. 70 days in responders. ", "These findings suggest that a recent episode of sepsis and/or organ-related infection significantly reduces overall patient survival. ", "Favorable antibiotic response is associated with an increase in median survival. ", "These findings suggest that antibiotic treatment may prolong survival, and a time-limited trial may be indicated contingent on goals of care." ]

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[ "# - Find XSHM\n# Find the XSHM libraries\n#\n# This module defines the following variables:\n# XSHM_FOUND - true if XSHM_INCLUDE_DIR & XSHM_LIBRARY are found\n# XSHM_LIBRARIES - Set when XSHM_LIBRARY is found\n# XSHM_INCLUDE_DIRS - Set when XSHM_INCLUDE_DIR is found\n#\n# XSHM_INCLUDE_DIR - where to find XShm.h, etc.", "\n# XSHM_LIBRARY - the XSHM library\n#\n\n#=============================================================================\n# Copyright 2011 O.S. Systems Software Ltda.", "\n# Copyright 2011 Otavio Salvador <otavio@ossystems.com.br>\n# Copyright 2011 Marc-Andre Moreau <marcandre.moreau@gmail.com>\n#\n# Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the \"License\");\n# you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.", "\n# You may obtain a copy of the License at\n#\n# http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0\n#\n# Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software\n# distributed under the License is distributed on an \"AS IS\" BASIS,\n# WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.", "\n# See the License for the specific language governing permissions and\n# limitations under the License.", "\n#=============================================================================\n\nfind_path(XSHM_INCLUDE_DIR NAMES X11/extensions/XShm.h\n PATH_SUFFIXES X11/extensions\n DOC \"The XShm include directory\"\n)\n\nfind_library(XSHM_LIBRARY NAMES Xext\n DOC \"The XShm library\"\n)\n\ninclude(FindPackageHandleStandardArgs)\nFIND_PACKAGE_HANDLE_STANDARD_ARGS(XShm DEFAULT_MSG XSHM_LIBRARY XSHM_INCLUDE_DIR)\n\nif(XSHM_FOUND)\n set( XSHM_LIBRARIES ${XSHM_LIBRARY} )\n set( XSHM_INCLUDE_DIRS ${XSHM_INCLUDE_DIR} )\nendif()\n\nmark_as_advanced(XSHM_INCLUDE_DIR XSHM_LIBRARY)\n\n" ]

{ "pile_set_name": "Github" }

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[ "About the Author\n\nAlso by the Author\n\nJesse James may have been a robber and a thief, but at least he was a member in good standing of his church.", "\n\n(Felix Frankfurter of the Harvard Law School answers his colleague, Manley Hudson, whose article, The Liberals and the League, was printed in The Nation of April 4.)", "\n\nTo THE EDITOR OF THE NATION:\n\nSIR- The alluring simplicity of the slogan \"Join the League\" furnishes a deceptively simple answer to the profound yearning for a world without war. ", "But, of course, \"joining the League\" is not like joining the Racquet Club. ", "The simple formula of the proposal hides vastly complicated implications: Nothing less is involved than loosing incalculably new forces in Europe and incalculably new forces in the United States. ", "Therefore, neither abhorrence of war, nor devotion to the impulses and ideas behind the League necessarily leads to support of America's adhesion to the League, with its present structure and its associations, emotional more than legal, with the war-fraught treaties of peace of 1919.", "\n\nMr. Philip Kerr stated one aspect of the problem in his reminder that the United States is part of the world, but not part of Europe. ", "Therefore it is important not to talk at large about \"America's participation in European reconstruction,\" but to be concerned about the precise conditions and form of our relationship to Europe. ", "It is important not to minimize the implications of the existing League of Nations in the light of the Covenant, the interpretations placed upon that Covenant by its authors, the geographic, intellectual, and emotional factors of American life as compared with European life, and human political experience such as lies behind the policy of fait accompli. ", "It will not do to give a factitious simplicity to the complexities behind adhesion to the League of Nations by summing up the case of the League as does my friend Professor Hudson: \"I want to talk with them [the Powers] about their policies around a table instead of over the wire.\" ", "If that were all there were to the League of Nations, then Professor Hudson would be content with a permanent, official round-table of discussion--a means for generating world opinion, with none of the elaborateness and rigidity of the Covenant, and none of its present emotional ties with the discredited treaties of peace.", "\n\nIn other words, the simplicity of the slogan \"Join the League\" to some of us calls for particularization. ", "How shall we join? ", "What are to be the conditions--legal, moral, intellectual, and emotional--under which we shall participate? ", "What are the responsibilities we think we assume? ", "What are the risks involved, not as a matter of law, but as a matter of human probability, in view of the circumstances in which political affairs are conducted? ", "What is the equipment of wisdom and will which we bring to the solution of the terribly difficult European problems?", "\n\nBehind all the propaganda for joining the League is a wholly untested assumption that America would contribute to the forces of appeasement. ", "Whence do we derive our confidence in the possession of exportable men and measures for the solution of Europe's difficulties, when we are making such n dreadfully bad fist of most of our own national problems?", "\n\nIn addition to considering how we shall join, we ought to address ourselves to the question--What are we joining? ", "And the answer to that is not to be had merely by putting the Covenant to the League under a legal microscope and arguing about the legal responsibilities which it does or does not create. ", "The expectations of Europeans, both statesmen and people, are even more important in such matters than the most authoritative opinion of the most learned lawyer. ", "We have had some experience in unduly arousing the expectations of European people, and we ought not jauntily to embark upon future European enterprises without making clear, not in the dead words of lawyers, but through unmistakable action of the government, what may and may not reasonably be looked forward to by activity on our part in Europe.", "\n\nSince the problem is so difficult, it ought not be rendered more difficult by confusing what is clear. ", "The achievements of the League, however great, are not controllingly relevant to America's attitude toward the League. ", "Neither are the failures of the League controllingly relevant. ", "But just as the achievements of the League should not be maximized, so its failures ought not to be explained away by irrelevancies. ", "Professor Hudson claims for the credit of the League that \"it has successfully handled four major international disputes, any one of which might have led to a disastrous war.\" ", "It is a matter of literary taste whether one thus describes, for instance, the controversy about the Aaland Islands. ", "But his explanation of the failure of the League to deal with the indisputable \"major international disputes\" since its existence, the Russo-Polish War, the Graeco-Turkish War, and the Ruhr, presents an issue of something more than style. ", "I quote Professor Hudson:\n\nBorn on January 10, 1920, when most of the world was still in a state of war, the League was not burdened with the task of making or enforcing the peace. ", "The former neutrals would not have been willing to collaborate in that work. ", "So the Allies kept those functions in the hands of other agencies--the supreme Council of Allied Premiers, the Conference of Ambassadors at Paris, and the Reparation Commission--all distinct from the League, Hence the League did not deal with the Russo-Polish War in 1920, nor with the Graeco-Turkish War in 1922, nor with the attempts to collect reparations in the Ruhr. (", "Italics mine)\n\nThe explanation thus offered implies that it has been beyond the competence of the League to deal with the basic challenges to the peace of Europe since the League's organization. ", "I submit that in this explanation advocacy has taken possession of accuracy. ", "Professor Hudson is, of course, familiar with, but has evidently forgotten, Article 11 of the Covenant. ", "By this article \"any war or threat of war . . . ", "is hereby declared a matter of concern to the whole League and the League shall take any action that may be deemed wise and effectual to safeguard the peace of nations.\" ", "Further, it is declared \"to be the friendly right of each member of the League to bring to the attention of the Assembly or of the Council any circumstance whatever affecting international relations which threaten to disturb international peace. . .\"", "\n\nThere is no question, therefore, of the power or the propriety of bringing before the League a situation like the Ruhr. ", "Why then has the League not intervened in the Ruhr? ", "The true reason is given by Prime Minister Bonar Law, who recently said in the House of Commons:\n\nNothing can be done without the consent of France. ", "The sole effect therefore would be to use the League of Nations as a means of mobilizing the public opinion of the world against France. ", "Who would gain by that? ", "It is true that if France were willing to accept that intervention it might be useful. ", "If you attempted it when France were hostile, what would be the effect on the League of Nations--all that is left as the result of the war--as a means of settling disputes otherwise than by force?", "\n\nIn the course of a subsequent debate on the Ruhr, in the Commons, Sir John Simon replied that:\n\nHe recognized that a wise discretion must be allowed to the Government as to the right moment action should be taken by referring the question to the League of Nations. ", "But to say that they must not appeal to the League of Nations until they know France would approve their doing so was to reduce the League to almost meaningless absurdity.", "\n\nLord Robert Cecil, in his speech in New York, now associates himself with those who believe that the League should deal with the Ruhr situation at the earliest moment. ", "It is not the purpose of this letter to discuss the merits of this difficult issue. ", "But surely it must,be clear that it does not help in the education of American opinion as to the scope and function of the League, and as to the nature of America's participation in European affairs, to explain the League's failure to deal with the most crucial issues of war and peace in Europe on technical grounds that bear no relation to actualities." ]

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[ "Building at 23-27 S. Sixth Street\n\nBuilding at 23-27 S. Sixth Street is a historic commercial building located at Terre Haute, Vigo County, Indiana. ", "It was built in 1882, and is a two-story, rectangular, Italianate style brick building. ", " It features a cast iron storefront on the first story, tall, narrow segmental arched windows on the second, and a projecting cornice. ", "It was renovated in 1975.", "\n\nIt was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1983.", "\n\nReferences\n\nCategory:Commercial buildings on the National Register of Historic Places in Indiana\nCategory:Italianate architecture in Indiana\nCategory:Commercial buildings completed in 1882\nCategory:Buildings and structures in Terre Haute, Indiana\nCategory:National Register of Historic Places in Terre Haute, Indiana" ]

{ "pile_set_name": "Wikipedia (en)" }

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[ "name: genvalidity-hspec-optics\nversion: '0.1.1.2'\nsynopsis: Standard spec's for lens\ndescription: Standard spec's for lens (van Laarhoven encoding)\ncategory: Testing\nauthor: Tom Sydney Kerckhove\nmaintainer: syd@cs-syd.eu\ncopyright: ! '", "Copyright: (c) 2018-2020 Tom Sydney Kerckhove'\nlicense: MIT\ngithub: NorfairKing/validity\nhomepage: http://cs-syd.eu\ndependencies:\n- hspec\n\nlibrary:\n source-dirs: src/\n ghc-options: -Wall\n dependencies:\n - base >=4.9 && <=5\n - genvalidity >=0.5\n - microlens\n - QuickCheck\n - genvalidity-hspec\n\ntests:\n genvalidity-hspec-optics-test:\n main: Spec.hs\n source-dirs: test/\n ghc-options:\n - -threaded\n - -rtsopts\n - -with-rtsopts=-N\n - -Wall\n dependencies:\n - microlens\n - base\n - validity >=0.9\n - genvalidity >=0.7\n - genvalidity-property >=0.3\n - genvalidity-hspec\n - genvalidity-hspec-optics\n" ]

{ "pile_set_name": "Github" }

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[ "Ingenol mebutate has the structure shown in Formula 1 and the following chemical names: 1) 2-Butenoic acid, 2-methyl (1aR,2S,5R,5aS,6S,8aS,9R,10aR)-1a,2,5,5a,6,9,10,10a-octahydro-5,5a-dihydroxy-4-(hydroxymethyl)-1,1,7,9-tetramethyl-11-oxo-1H-2,8a-methanocyclopenta[a]cyclopropa[e]cyclodecen-6-yl ester, (2Z)— 2) (1aR,2S,5R,5aS,6S,8aS,9R,10aR)-5,5a-dihydroxy-4-(hydroxymethyl)-1,1,7,9-tetramethyl-11-oxo-1a,2,5,5a,6,9,10,10a-octahydro-1H2,8a-methanocyclopenta[a]cyclopropa[e]cyclodecen-6-yl(2Z)-2-methylbut-2-enoate)\n\nIngenol mebutate (synonyms: PEP005, ingenol-3-angelate, CAS no. ", "75567-37-2) can be isolated from various Euphorbia species, and particularly from Euphorbia peplus and Euphorbia drummondii. ", "Ingenol mebutate has the structure shown in Formula 1.", "\nThe preparation of Ingenol mebutate by extraction with 95% ethanol from the sap of Euphorbia peplus, Euphorbia hirta and/or Euphorbia drummondi; followed by chromatographic purification has been disclosed in EP1015413 B1, which is incorporated herein by reference in its entirety. ", "Isolation from Euphorbia peplus has also been described by Hohmann et. ", "al. ", "Planta Med. ", "66, 3, (2000), which is incorporated herein by reference in its entirety. ", "Other patent applications directed to ingenol mebutate and other pharmaceutically active ingenol derivatives include WO 2008/131491, WO 2007/068963, WO 2007/059584 and WO 2007/053912, each of which is incorporated herein by reference in its entirety.", "\nIngenol mebutate has been found to be highly toxic for skin cancer cells via rapid mitochondrial disruption and cell death by primary necrosis, whereas normal cells are less sensitive to ingenol mebutate.", "\nIngenol mebutate has been shown to be a potent anti-cancer drug and therapeutically effective in microgram quantities. ", "Recent findings from a Phase III study evaluating ingenol mebutate in the treatment of actinic keratosis (AK), a common pre-cursor to skin cancer, were presented at the 68th Annual Meeting of the American Academy of Dermatology (AAD) (Scientific Session Poster Discussion: P105). ", "Results from REGION-I of the study demonstrated that treatment with ingenol mebutate Gel once daily for 2 consecutive days (n=117) on non-head locations resulted in significant clearance of AK lesions when compared with the vehicle or placebo (n=118). ", "The study showed a median reduction of about 66.7% in the number of AK lesions, (p<0.0001), a complete clearance rate of about 27.4% (p<0.0001) including on the extremely difficult-to-treat back of hand and arm locations, and a partial clearance rate of about 44.4% (p<0.0001).", "\nIngenol mebutate is commercially available in amorphous form, i.e., from Sigma-Aldrich. ", "However, no crystalline form of ingenol mebuate has been reported." ]

{ "pile_set_name": "USPTO Backgrounds" }

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[ "Sericocarpus linifolius\n\nSericocarpus linifolius (known by the common names narrowleaf whitetop aster or flax leaf whitetop) is a perennial forb native to the eastern United States, that produces white composite flowers in summer.", "\n\nDescription\nSericocarpus linifolius has a smooth slender 30 to 75 centimeter tall stem. ", "Its leaves are sessile, they are 2.5 to 5 centimeters long, and only 3 to 6 millimeters wide. ", "They are thick and rough around the edges. ", "The flower heads are borne on branches forming a flat topped cluster. ", "Each flower head consists of 5 to 15 disk flowers and 2 to 6 ray flowers, which are about a centimeter long. ", "The fruit are cypselae with a pappus of white bristles.", "\n\nDistribution and habitat\nSericocarpus linifolius is widely distributed in the eastern United States, although local distribution may be spotty. ", "It has been recorded in Alabama, Connecticut, Washington, D.C., Delaware, Georgia, Indiana, Kentucky, Louisiana, Massachusetts, Maryland, Mississippi, North Carolina, New Hampshire, New Jersey, New York, Ohio, Pennsylvania, Rhode Island, South Carolina, Tennessee, Virginia, and West Virginia. ", "Sericocarpus linifolius is listed as an endangered species by the state of Pennsylvania, and threatened in Ohio, New Hampshire, and New York. ", "In Virginia it grows in habitats such as dry woodlands, barrens, riverside prairies, clearings, and meadows. ", "The presence of this species is dependent on appropriate habitat, and it may be eliminated from an area by development, changes in land use, or competition with invasive species.", "\n\nReferences\n\nCategory:Astereae\nCategory:Flora of the United States" ]

{ "pile_set_name": "Wikipedia (en)" }

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[ "Eagles-Cowboys scouting report\n\nEagles coach Doug Pederson during the the game Nov. 5, 2017, against the visiting Denver Broncos.", "\n\nCLEM MURRAY / Staff Photographer\n\nWHEN THE EAGLES HAVE THE BALL\n\nThe Eagles must hope the bye week didn't cool off Carson Wentz, who had 17 touchdown passes in his last five games. ", "He'll look for another big game against the NFL's 14th-ranked pass defense, which allows 221.2 passing yards per game. ", "The Eagles like to spread the ball around, and tight end Zach Ertz and slot receiver Nelson Agholor could be targets in the middle of the field. ", "Alshon Jeffery has been bothered by an ankle injury, but he's expected to play. ", "The Cowboys secondary could miss safety Jeff Heath, who has a concussion. ", "Sixth-round pick Xavier Woods could be forced into the lineup. ", "Their top safety is Byron Jones, who will cover Ertz. ", "Anthony Brown and Orlando Scandrick are the starting cornerbacks.", "\n\nThe big injury on the Cowboys defense is to top linebacker Sean Lee, a Penn State product whose expected absence leaves the Cowboys vulnerable on the second level. ", "The Atlanta Falcons rushed effectively against the Cowboys after Lee was hurt. ", "Eagles running back Jay Ajayi has a better grasp of the playbook entering his second game with the team and could take on a bigger role. ", "Ajayi, who grew up in Frisco, Texas, will have a big cheering section at the game. ", "LeGarrette Blount and Corey Clement will likely be the other running backs in the rotation. ", "The Eagles rank fourth in the NFL in rushing this season with 136.8 yards per game and are coming off of a big game against Denver.", "\n\nThe best defensive lineman on the Cowboys is Demarcus Lawrence, who leads the NFL with 11.5 sacks this season. ", "He rushes from Lane Johnson's side, so Lawrence vs. Johnson will be a key matchup. ", "Defensive tackle David Irving is also a player to watch. ", "He'll be blocked by Stefen Wisniewski in the interior.", "\n\nThe Eagles will have the advantage on third downs and in the red zone. ", "They are third in the NFL with a 46.8 percent conversion rate on third downs, and the Cowboys rank 26th in the NFL by allowing first downs on 43.5 percent of the third downs they encounter. ", "They rank 24th in the NFL in red zone defense; the Eagles are first in the NFL in that category, scoring touchdowns on 72.4 percent of their trips.", "\n\nWHEN THE COWBOYS HAVE THE BALL\n\nEarly Birds Newsletter\n\nEagles news in your inbox year-round\n\nEarly Birds Newsletter\n\nThe Cowboys are trying to recover from an ugly performance last week, when quarterback Dak Prescott was sacked eight time with Tyron Smith sidelined. ", "Smith is expected to be pit again, and the Cowboys will turn to Byron Bell to replace him. ", "Vinny Curry and Derek Barnett rush from that side and could be in line for big games. ", "But don't forget the rest of the Eagles' defensive line, which is the strength of the team. ", "The Cowboys are known to have one of the best offensive lines in the NFL, and Fletcher Cox and Tim Jernigan must win the matchups in the interior.", "\n\nPrescott is proving to be one of the better quarterbacks in the NFL, and he'll need to carry an offense that is playing its second game without suspended running back Ezekiel Elliott. ", "Alfred Morris and Rod Smith will be the top running backs for Dallas; that's a drop-off from Elliott. ", "Even with Elliott, the Eagles take pride in their top-ranked rush defense and forcing opponents to be one-dimensional. ", "Prescott is an efficient passer who is completing 63.3 percent of his attempts and has a 16-4 touchdown-to-interception ratio. ", "Eagles defensive coordinator Jim Schwartz praised Prescott's ability to throw while on the run, so the defensive line must be careful when Prescott buys time. ", "Prescott also averages 7.4 yards per carry and has rushed for five touchdowns.", "\n\nThe Eagles defense will receive a boost with the return of cornerback Ronald Darby, who has been out since Week 1 with a dislocated ankle. ", "Look for Darby to start at his outside cornerback spot, although there might be a rotation while he continues to return to game shape. ", "The Eagles cornerbacks have played well in recent weeks, but they'll be challenged by a receiving corps that has Dez Bryant, Terrance Williams, and Cole Beasley. ", "Jason Witten is one of the best tight ends in NFL history and has hurt the Eagles in past seasons. ", "Malcolm Jenkins will likely cover Witten, with Patrick Robinson drawing the Beasley assignment. ", "Darby and Jalen Mills will spend most of their time on the outside.", "\n\nBIG NUMBER\n\n3\n\nThat's how many games the 8-1 Eagles are ahead of the 5-4 Cowboys in the NFC East. ", "Washington is 4-5 and the Giants are 1-8, so both teams are trailing the Eagles and Cowboys. ", "If the Eagles win Sunday, they'll have a four-game division lead. ", "It would be hard for the Eagles to fail to win the NFC East at that point. ", "The Pittsburgh Steelers are the only other team with as big a division lead entering this week's games." ]

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[ "Highlights: See how Real Madrid claimed Super Cup glory\n\nWatch the best of the action from Skopje as goals from Casemiro and Isco sealed a 2-1 win against Manchester United.", "\n\nNow playing\n\nHighlights: See how Real Madrid claimed Super Cup glory\n\n'Proud' Isco on Madrid's Super Cup glory\n\nMan of the match Isco gave his reaction to Real Madrid's win against Manchester United to UEFA.com.", "\n\nNow playing\n\n'Proud' Isco on Madrid's Super Cup glory\n\nRonaldo, Beckham, Figo: Great Real Madrid v Man. ", "United goals\n\nReal Madrid’s triumph in Cardiff means that they will face UEFA Europa League winners Manchester United in the UEFA Super Cup. ", "Ahead of that clash recall some of the most memorable goals from the three UEFA Champions League ties played between the sides, featuring goals by Ronaldo, David Beckham, Luís Figo and Cristiano Ronaldo.", "\n\nNow playing\n\nRonaldo, Beckham, Figo: Great Real Madrid v Man. ", "United goals\n\n2016 Super Cup highlights: Real Madrid 3-2 Sevilla\n\nSee how stunning goals by Dani Carvajal and Marco Asencio helped Real Madrid to a dramatic win after extra-time against Sevilla.", "\n\nNow playing\n\n2016 Super Cup highlights: Real Madrid 3-2 Sevilla\n\nHighlights: Spanish Super Cup winners\n\nAhead of this year's all-Spanish match-up between Real Madrid and Sevilla, watch goals from the nine different Spanish sides to taste UEFA Super Cup success since 2002.", "\n\nNow playing\n\nHighlights: Spanish Super Cup winners\n\nSee how Barcelona beat Sevilla 5-4 in Super Cup thriller\n\nWatch the goals from a thrilling match in Tbilisi including Lionel Messi's two free-kicks and Pedro's dramatic winner for Barcelona in extra-time.", "\n\nNow playing\n\nSee how Barcelona beat Sevilla 5-4 in Super Cup thriller\n\nWatch Ronaldo help Madrid beat Sevilla in 2014\n\nWatch highlights of the 2014 UEFA Super Cup final as Cristiano Ronaldo scored twice to help Real Madrid defeat Sevilla 2-0 in Cardiff.", "\n\nNow playing\n\nWatch Ronaldo help Madrid beat Sevilla in 2014\n\nSee Sevilla 2006 Super Cup success\n\nWatch highlights as Sevilla FC became the third Spanish side to win the UEFA Super Cup in an all-Iberian affair against FC Barcelona in Monaco in 2006.", "\n\nNow playing\n\nSee Sevilla 2006 Super Cup success\n\nHighlights: Barcelona's Berlin glory\n\nWatch the goals from the 2015 final in Berlin as strikes by Ivan Rakitić, Luis Suárez and Neymar helped Barcelona beat Juventus to become champions of Europe for the fifth time.", "\n\nNow playing\n\nHighlights: Barcelona's Berlin glory\n\nBarcelona breeze to fourth UEFA Super Cup\n\nThe Spanish champions claimed the trophy for the fourth time thanks to goals from Lionel Messi and Cesc Fàbregas against nine-man Porto.", "\n\nNow playing\n\nBarcelona breeze to fourth UEFA Super Cup\n\n- 0:29\n\nHighlights: See how Real Madrid claimed Super Cup glory\n\nNow playing\n\nNext Video\n\n- 0:26\n\n'Proud' Isco on Madrid's Super Cup glory\n\nNow playing\n\nNext Video\n\n- 2:45\n\nRonaldo, Beckham, Figo: Great Real Madrid v Man. ", "United goals\n\nNow playing\n\nNext Video\n\n- 0:29\n\n2016 Super Cup highlights: Real Madrid 3-2 Sevilla\n\nNow playing\n\nNext Video\n\n- 1:05\n\nHighlights: Spanish Super Cup winners\n\nNow playing\n\nNext Video\n\n- 0:29\n\nSee how Barcelona beat Sevilla 5-4 in Super Cup thriller\n\nNow playing\n\nNext Video\n\n- 0:36\n\nWatch Ronaldo help Madrid beat Sevilla in 2014\n\nNow playing\n\nNext Video\n\n- 1:31\n\nSee Sevilla 2006 Super Cup success\n\nNow playing\n\nNext Video\n\n- 1:54\n\nHighlights: Barcelona's Berlin glory\n\nNow playing\n\nNext Video\n\n- 31:57\n\nBarcelona breeze to fourth UEFA Super Cup\n\nNow playing\n\nNext Video\n\nHighlights: See how Real Madrid claimed Super Cup glory\n\nWatch the best of the action from Skopje as goals from Casemiro and Isco sealed a 2-1 win against Manchester United.", "\n\nNow playing\n\nHighlights: See how Real Madrid claimed Super Cup glory\n\n'Proud' Isco on Madrid's Super Cup glory\n\nMan of the match Isco gave his reaction to Real Madrid's win against Manchester United to UEFA.com.", "\n\nNow playing\n\n'Proud' Isco on Madrid's Super Cup glory\n\nRonaldo, Beckham, Figo: Great Real Madrid v Man. ", "United goals\n\nReal Madrid’s triumph in Cardiff means that they will face UEFA Europa League winners Manchester United in the UEFA Super Cup. ", "Ahead of that clash recall some of the most memorable goals from the three UEFA Champions League ties played between the sides, featuring goals by Ronaldo, David Beckham, Luís Figo and Cristiano Ronaldo.", "\n\nNow playing\n\nRonaldo, Beckham, Figo: Great Real Madrid v Man. ", "United goals\n\n2016 Super Cup highlights: Real Madrid 3-2 Sevilla\n\nSee how stunning goals by Dani Carvajal and Marco Asencio helped Real Madrid to a dramatic win after extra-time against Sevilla.", "\n\nNow playing\n\n2016 Super Cup highlights: Real Madrid 3-2 Sevilla\n\nHighlights: Spanish Super Cup winners\n\nAhead of this year's all-Spanish match-up between Real Madrid and Sevilla, watch goals from the nine different Spanish sides to taste UEFA Super Cup success since 2002.", "\n\nNow playing\n\nHighlights: Spanish Super Cup winners\n\nSee how Barcelona beat Sevilla 5-4 in Super Cup thriller\n\nWatch the goals from a thrilling match in Tbilisi including Lionel Messi's two free-kicks and Pedro's dramatic winner for Barcelona in extra-time.", "\n\nNow playing\n\nSee how Barcelona beat Sevilla 5-4 in Super Cup thriller\n\nWatch Ronaldo help Madrid beat Sevilla in 2014\n\nWatch highlights of the 2014 UEFA Super Cup final as Cristiano Ronaldo scored twice to help Real Madrid defeat Sevilla 2-0 in Cardiff.", "\n\nNow playing\n\nWatch Ronaldo help Madrid beat Sevilla in 2014\n\nSee Sevilla 2006 Super Cup success\n\nWatch highlights as Sevilla FC became the third Spanish side to win the UEFA Super Cup in an all-Iberian affair against FC Barcelona in Monaco in 2006.", "\n\nNow playing\n\nSee Sevilla 2006 Super Cup success\n\nHighlights: Barcelona's Berlin glory\n\nWatch the goals from the 2015 final in Berlin as strikes by Ivan Rakitić, Luis Suárez and Neymar helped Barcelona beat Juventus to become champions of Europe for the fifth time.", "\n\nNow playing\n\nHighlights: Barcelona's Berlin glory\n\nBarcelona breeze to fourth UEFA Super Cup\n\nThe Spanish champions claimed the trophy for the fourth time thanks to goals from Lionel Messi and Cesc Fàbregas against nine-man Porto.", "\n\nChange language\n\nServices links and disclaimer\n\nThe UEFA word, the UEFA logo and all marks related to UEFA competitions, are protected by trademarks and/or copyright of UEFA. ", "No use for commercial purposes may be made of such trademarks. ", "Use of UEFA.com signifies your agreement to the Terms and Conditions and Privacy Policy." ]

{ "pile_set_name": "Pile-CC" }

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[ "Bill Henderson (manager)\n\nWilliam C. Henderson (September 16, 1857 in Baltimore, Maryland – October 27, 1929 in Fullerton, Maryland) was a Major League Baseball manager for the 1884 Baltimore Monumentals of the Union Association. ", "He won 58 games and lost 47 during the one season that the Monumentals existed. ", "The team finished in 4th place in the Association.", "\n\nExternal links\nBaseball Reference\n\nCategory:1857 births\nCategory:1929 deaths\nCategory:Major League Baseball managers\nCategory:Sportspeople from Baltimore" ]

{ "pile_set_name": "Wikipedia (en)" }

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[ "Manipulation of intracellular sodium by extracellular divalent cations: a 23Na and 31P NMR study on intact rat hearts.", "\n23Na and 31P NMR spectroscopy were used to follow intracellular [Na+] ([Na+]i) and energy metabolism in isolated, perfused rat hearts. ", "During 30 min of Ca(2+)-free perfusion no significant change in [Na+]i could be detected, but during a subsequent 45 min period of ischemia [Na+]i rose significantly as expected, from 8.6 +/- 2.4 to 36.8 +/- 9.4 mM. In contrast, already during 30 min of Ca(2+)- and Mg(2+)-free perfusion [Na+]i rose significantly from 7.3 +/- 3.7 to 71.3 +/- 15.6 mM. During this period, the Na(+)-K+ ATPase was not limited by depletion of high energy phosphates, decrease of intracellular free Mg2+ or accumulation of inorganic phosphate. ", "During the first 8 min of a subsequent period of ischemia, the rate of rise in [Na+]i even increased, suggesting that during the preceding period of Ca(2+)- and Mg(2+)-free perfusion, the Na(+)-K+ ATPase was indeed operative but apparently not coping with the large Na(+)-influx. ", "Using verapamil, we could demonstrate that this large Na(+)-influx occurs through the L-type Ca2+ channels, and that both Mg2+ and verapamil can block this Na(+)-influx. ", "Previously, we have demonstrated that [Na+]i does not play a role in the origin of the calcium paradox. ", "The notion that an increased [Na+]i is a prerequisite for the calcium paradox to occur apparently results from experimental evidence obtained under conditions of low or absent Mg2+." ]

{ "pile_set_name": "PubMed Abstracts" }

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[ "Howdy y’all! ", "Today was so much fun… find a way to use zippers. ", "Well challenge accepted 🙂 The talented ladies over at Practical Scrappers did it again, Find 10 ways to use zippers. ", "I was honored to join in on this. ", "I used zipper pulls, see totally worth picking up things on clearance, it all comes in handy one day!!", "\n\nHere is my card, just a simple love note for my hubby:)\n\nAdvertisements\n\nShare this:\n\nLike this:\n\nWOOHOOO!!!! ", "Thanks to all my friends and onlookers who voted and shared on FB about the card contest!! ", "i am so excited to be part of the talented Top 10!!! ", "Not going to lie I would love to win that prize package. ", "as I am sure all the other girls working hard on their card would too. ", "I have said it before and I will say it again these ladies are amazing please go check out the card contest and vote for your favorite. ", "TOP 10 Card Contest please vote!!!!", "\n\nHere is the card I sent in, we had to do a black and white with a pop of color, and needed to be a Thank you card, that also included some sort of stitching.", "\n\nShare this:\n\nLike this:\n\nCheck out this wonderful spin on a jewelry hanger, a tennis racquet!! ", "How cute is that?? ", "I thought of my niece when I created this. ", "All supplies were from ScrappinSportsStuff. ", "They have everything you can think of, this store is amazing!!!", "\n\nShare this:\n\nLike this:\n\nDoing the happy dance… My card made it to the top 16, I am so excited. ", "Please go check out all the amazing ladies. ", "It was such an amazing group that they could not decide on just 15 so they switched it to top 16. ", "Please show your support and go vote for your favorite. ", "Check it out here…\n\nHere is my entry… you had to take inspiration from a beautiful quilt.", "\n\nShare this:\n\nLike this:\n\nI hope everyone is loving this day of love!! ", "Today over at Practical Scrappers we are doing Pinterest Inspired Valentine Projects, go check it out not to late to make that special someone, something special!!!", "\n\nHere is my take on it- I was inspired by this Valentine Wreath from She’s Kinda Crafty blog and created a cute Valentine Frame out of pattern paper.", "\n\nShare this:\n\nLike this:\n\nSo I have had this stamp for a while and well after this weekend I need a new motto. ", "Melinda from S.W.A.T showed how to make this awesome rosette it is so fun and easy to make. ", "Honestly I cheated, I did not want to wait for glue to dry so I punched my circle and filled it full of glue dots:) lets just say next time I am buying the XL ones!! ", "So check it out (here) and try it for yourself and please post up if you make one, we would love to see your creation." ]

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[ "Prenez note que cet article publié en 2018 pourrait contenir des informations qui ne sont plus à jour.", "\n\nLes avocats de la métropole portent en appel le jugement de la Cour supérieure, rendu cet été, qui est favorable à Ray-Mont Logistiques. ", "Cette décision ouvre la voie à la poursuite des activités de l'entreprise qui veut créer une plateforme de transbordement de céréales et de légumineuses près des résidences du secteur de Viauville et du port de Montréal.", "\n\nUn texte de Julie Marceau\n\nDans sa décision d’en appeler, la Ville estime que la juge de première instance Chantal Corriveau a mal interprété le Règlement d’urbanisme de la Ville.", "\n\nSelon les avocats de la métropole, la juge Corriveau assimile les activités de l’entreprise à la mauvaise catégorie d’usage et elle se trompe lorsqu’elle déclare que l'entreprise peut exercer ses opérations à l'extérieur, comme elle le souhaite, plutôt qu'à l'intérieur d'un bâtiment.", "\n\n« Les activités envisagées par Ray-Mont Logistiques ne peuvent être exercées sur le terrain en litige. ", "Nous sommes d'avis que l'entreprise peut continuer à opérer sur son site actuel dans l'arrondissement le Sud-Ouest », s’est limitée à dire Gabrielle Fontaine-Giroux, relationniste à la Ville de Montréal, concernant la demande d'appel.", "\n\nL’entreprise familiale, qui a également des installations en Colombie-Britannique, soutient que le site montréalais situé rue Wellington a atteint sa capacité maximale. ", "Ses administrateurs souhaitent se rapprocher des grands axes ferroviaires et routiers dans l’est de l’île, près du port de Montréal.", "\n\nC’est en 2016 que le président de l’entreprise familiale, Charles Raymond, achète le terrain au coût de 20 millions de dollars dans une zone que l’ancienne administration avait désignée comme la future « Cité de la logistique ».", "\n\nRay-Mont Logistiques amorce alors des travaux de décontamination. ", "Or, en mars 2017, l’arrondissement de Mercier–Hochelaga-Maisonneuve refuse d’octroyer un permis de construction à l’entreprise, alléguant que ses activités ne sont pas « conformes » à la réglementation. ", "L’entreprise intente alors une poursuite judiciaire pour faire invalider cette décision.", "\n\nDans le jugement rendu cet été, la juge Corriveau donne raison à Ray-Mont Logistiques et ordonne à l’arrondissement d’évaluer à nouveau la demande de permis en fonction d’une nouvelle catégorie d’usage permettant à l’entreprise d’exercer ses activités à l’extérieur.", "\n\n« Ray-Mont se spécialise dans l’élaboration de logiciels sophistiqués ayant pour objectifs d’organiser le transport et la livraison de ces matières agricoles avec la plus grande efficacité », écrit-elle.", "\n\nElle ajoute que « l’emplacement du terrain qui se trouve à proximité des voies existantes appartenant au CN et au port de Montréal est un site idéal pour ce genre d’exploitation ».", "\n\n« Vu l’usage défini par le Tribunal […] la construction d’un bâtiment recouvrant les activités de plateforme intermodale sur le terrain n’est pas requise », conclut la juge qui invalide la décision de l’arrondissement et ordonne à la Ville de payer les frais judiciaires engagés par Ray-Mont Logistiques dans ce dossier.", "\n\nUn juge peut-il interpréter un règlement municipal?", "\n\nDans sa déclaration d’appel, la Ville soutient que la juge a erré et aurait dû « faire preuve de retenue quant à la décision du conseil d’arrondissement ».", "\n\nLa classification des usages dans le Règlement d’urbanisme constitue un pouvoir discrétionnaire de l’arrondissement. ", "Ville de Montréal, dans un extrait de la déclaration d'appel\n\nQuestionné sur la décision d’en appeler et les coûts que pourrait entraîner cette bataille judiciaire, le cabinet de la mairesse s’est fait avare de commentaires.", "\n\n« Le dossier d'appel reflète la position de notre administration. ", "Comme c'est devant les tribunaux, nous n'émettrons pas de commentaires pour le moment », a indiqué Geneviève Jutras, attachée de presse au cabinet de la mairesse de Montréal.", "\n\nLa demande pour permission d'en appeler sera entendue par un juge de la Cour d'appel le 25 septembre prochain." ]

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[ "[Pathophysiology of Huntington's disease: an update].", "\nHuntington's disease is due to the mutation of the IT15 gene coding for Huntingtin protein (Htt). ", "This mutation leads to the expression of an abnormal repeat of polyglutamines in the N-terminal region of Htt. ", "The pathophysiology of Huntington's disease remains to be elucidated. ", "Various mechanisms have been proposed to account for neuronal dysfunction and death, and include both a gain of toxic function of the mutated Htt and a loss of function of the wild type Htt. ", "Among these mechanisms, transcriptional dysregulation, mitochondrial dysfunction, increased excitotoxicity, as well as alteration of neuritic transport and synaptic transmission have been proposed. ", "Interestingly, there is a prominent vulnerability of the striatal neurons, despite the ubiquitous expression of Htt. ", "This may be due to the particular morphological and functional characteristics of these neurons, or to their location within the cerebral networks and the inputs they receive. ", "As multiple mechanisms are involved in neuronal death, the use of drugs association should be considered in future neuroprotective therapeutic trials." ]

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[ "This invention relates to controlled rectifiers and more particularly relates to a novel controlled rectifier having a ring gate which is less subject to dV/dt turn-on.", "\nControlled rectifiers employing an auxiliary cathode to permit the firing of the device from a very low input gate current are well known. ", "Such devices are shown, for example, in U.S. Pat. ", "No. ", "3,586,927 in the names of Thomas J. Roach and James H. Hauck and assigned to the assignee of the present invention. ", "Devices employing auxiliary cathodes and main ring gates are also known wherein the main ring gate surrounds and is spaced from a main cathode disc which is in contact with a central diffused emitter region on the upper surface of a semiconductor wafer. ", "The ring gate is disposed atop an auxiliary emitter region and acts as an auxiliary cathode with respect to a small input gate element. ", "The ring gate then acts as the main gate for the main device and causes injection of electrons from the main emitter which in turn fires the device and causes conduction between the main cathode and the anode.", "\nRing gates are desirable since they increase the rate-of-change-of-current (dI/dt) capability of the device during firing, since the entire emitter area turns on more quickly than in devices in which the main gate is a point gate. ", "However, devices using a ring gate geometry have a high distributed capacitance beyond the main emitter region. ", "Consequently, a voltage having a high dV/dt applied between the cathode and anode can cause sufficient injection of electrons from the emitter through the distributed capacitance to cause dV/dt turn-on of the device.", "\nThe principal object of this invention is to retain the desirable dI/dt features of the ring gate structure for a controlled rectifier, but to reduce the sensitivity of the device to firing due to high dV/dt." ]

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[ "BeSafe Collection 2017 – inspired by Scandinavian nature\n\nDeep forests with soft moss covering the ground, wild berries hidden between tall trees, seemingly endless lakes with crystal clear water. ", "This year’s BeSafe Collection is inspired by what is home to us – Scandinavian nature.", "\n\nAs a truly Scandinavian company located in Norway, safety has been BeSafe’s main focus since we launched our first child car seat in 1963. ", "However, Scandinavia is not only well known for safety, but also for design, and BeSafe is no exception. ", "For this year’s BeSafe Collection we have been inspired by Scandinavia’s deep forests, high mountain peaks and rippling rivers.", "\n\nWelcome to the home of BeSafe – welcome to Scandinavia. ", "Get a glimpse of what inspired us for our 2017 Collection:\n\nWe listened – please see our extended seat range with Mélange fabrics\n\nThis year’s BeSafe Collections contain some exciting news for you. ", "The very popular Mélange fabrics known from our iZi Modular concept have been highly requested to be available on all of our toddler seats. ", "And of course we listen to you! ", "We are happy to introduce Midnight Black Mélange, Metallic Mélange, Ivory Mélange and Sunset Mélange on the following seats: iZi Plus, iZi Kid X2 i-Size,iZi Combi X4 ISOfix, iZi Comfort X3 and iZi Comfort X3 ISOfix.", "\n\nWelcome, Sea Green Mélange!", "\n\nCrisp winter days with moody skies and silent lakes have inspired us for our new colour in the BeSafe Collection 2017: Sea Green Mélange! ", "This high-quality fabric is exclusively available on our BeSafe iZi Go Modular i-Size and iZi Modular i-Size, just like Ocean Mélange.", "\n\nTake a look behind the scenes\n\nWhat does a photo shoot day with BeSafe look like? ", "Follow our little star Ines during her day in the Scandinavian forest, surrounded by high pine trees and soft moss carpeting the ground." ]

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[ "1. ", "Introduction {#sec1}\n===============\n\nAutoimmune pancreatitis (AIP) is a rare form of chronic inflammatory pancreatic disease secondary to an underlying autoimmune mechanism. ", "Various terms used to describe it are lymphoplasmacytic sclerosing pancreatitis, non-alcoholic duct destructive chronic pancreatitis, and pseudotumor pancreatitis \\[[@bib1]\\]. ", "Now, it is well understood that AIP is of two types, type 1 is considered as pancreatic manifestation of IgG4 related disease, which is a multisystem disease. ", "Type 2 AIP is not related to IgG4 and is a pancreas specific disorder \\[[@bib2]\\]. ", "We are reporting a patient who presented with obstructive jaundice and mass head of pancreas on Computed Tomography scan (CT) and mildly elevated CA19.9 levels. ", "Considering a strong clinical suspicion of pancreatic cancer, Whipple procedure was done. ", "Histopathological report revealed features of AIP and patient was treated effectively with steroids. ", "Use of ancillary techniques would have helped in making the pre-operative diagnosis and saved the patient from an extensive surgical procedure.", "\n\n1.1. ", "Case report {#sec1.1}\n----------------\n\nA sixty year old Asian nonalcoholic female presented in Surgery Clinic with chief complaints of pain abdomen off and on since 6--7 months which was non-radiating. ", "Patient also had loss of weight and appetite since 4 months. ", "She also complained of on and off joint pain involving distal joints for last ten years, often relieved by NSAIDS. ", "There were no associated risk factors or diseases like ulcerative colitis. ", "Physical examination showed scleral icterus and abdominal examination revealed slight deep tenderness in epigastrium. ", "Lab investigations revealed CA 19.9--110 U/ml, CEA- 1.5 ng/ml, Total bilirubin- 12.2mg/dl, Direct- 7.6 mg/dl, Indirect- 4.6 mg/dl, Aspartate aminotransferase (AST)-132 IU/L and alanine aminotransferase (ALT)-216 IU/L.\n\nUltrasonography abdomen showed an ill-defined hypoechoic mass lesion in head of pancreas measuring 3.1 cm × 2.7 cm with mildly dilated main pancreatic duct (MPD). ", "CT Abdomen revealed an ill-defined hypodense mass lesion in pancreas causing bilobar IHBR dilatation and mild MPD dilatation with peripancreatic lymphadenopathy ([Fig. ", "1](#fig1){ref-type=\"fig\"}). ", "Few lymph nodes seen at portahepatis, around pancreatic head (7--9mm), and along right common iliac vessels.", "Fig. ", "1CECT Abdomen revealing bulky pancreatic head with lobulated outline and ill-defined hypodense mass lesion.", "Fig. ", "1\n\nDepending upon clinical, biochemical and imaging profile a pre-operative diagnosis of malignancy head of pancreas was considered. ", "Pre-operative tissue diagnosis was not made. ", "Patient underwent explorative laparotomy and Whipple procedure was performed. ", "Specimen sent for histopathological examination (HPE) comprised of part of stomach, duodenum, head of pancreas and part of jejunum. ", "Cut-section of head of pancreas showed a circumscribed grey white, scirrhous area measuring 3.2 cm × 2.5cm × 2.0 cm. ", "Hepatic, choledochal and mesenteric lymph nodes were also received separately.", "\n\nHaematoxylin & eosin stained sections from the grey white firm looking areas revealed intense lymphoplasmacytic infiltrate and fibrosis with collagenisation causing destruction of acinar cells and compression of ductules ([Fig. ", "2](#fig2){ref-type=\"fig\"}a and b). ", "The normal pancreatic parenchyma was nearly replaced by chronic fibroinflammatory reaction. ", "The normal ductules were positive for Cyto-keratin (CK) ([Fig. ", "2](#fig2){ref-type=\"fig\"}c) and Masson\\'s Trichome stain was used to delineate areas of fibrosis ([Fig. ", "2](#fig2){ref-type=\"fig\"}d). ", "Entire specimen including lymph nodes was negative for malignancy. ", "Based on extensive fibroinflammatory reaction resulting in obstruction of biliary ductular system and obstructive jaundice, possibility of autoimmune pancreatitis was suggested and serum IgG4 levels were advised post surgery. ", "S.IgG4 levels were elevated to 334 mg/dl (normal range 11--157 mg/dl). ", "Final diagnosis of Autoimmune pancreatitis was made. ", "Patient was put on prednisone 40 mg/day for 4 weeks, and showed complete improvement, this was followed by gradual tapering of steroids. ", "But unfortunately, after 6 months she was admitted again with complaints of chest pain and breathlessness. ", "She had developed pleural effusion and ascites (owing to polyserositis which is also a complication of autoimmune disorders). ", "Multiple pleural and peritoneal taps had to be performed over a period of next 8--10 days but patient\\'s condition deteriorated and she expired about 20 days after admission due to polyserositis. ", "This case is reported in line with the SCARE criteria \\[[@bib3]\\].Fig. ", "2a&b: Dense stromal sclerosis (arrow head) and Lymphoplasmacytic infiltrate with acinar cell destruction (arrow); (H&E; 40x). ", "c: Normal ductules showing cytoplasmic positivity (Immunohistochemistry,CK; 40x). ", "d: Areas of dense fibrosis (Masson\\'s Trichome stain; 40x).Fig. ", "2\n\n2. ", "Discussion {#sec2}\n=============\n\nAIP is a rare disease with incidence around 0.82 per 100,000 in Japan. ", "The incidence in western nations and rest of the world is also low. ", "Incidence of AIP has risen dramatically now due to increased radiological and serological diagnostic modalities which can preoperatively help in differentiating the malignant and inflammatory non-neoplastic pathologies \\[[@bib4]\\].", "\n\nAIP accounts for approximately 27% of Whipple resections done for suspicious pancreatic adenocarcinoma, which is a significant number and cannot be ignored \\[[@bib5]\\]. ", "Many investigations have been explored to diagnose it preoperatively so that number of extensive surgeries can be decreased, since AIP can be treated with steroids \\[[@bib6]\\]. ", "Elevated CA 19-9 levels are characteristic for pancreas adenocarcinoma; and are rarely increased in AIP patients. ", "Endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography (ERCP) images are typical of AIP, and combining with any other positive result can confirm the diagnosis of AIP \\[[@bib7]\\].", "\n\nIn a Korean study including 67 patients of AIP, 12 patients were operated due to a false diagnosis of pancreatic carcinoma \\[[@bib8]\\]. ", "In a study conducted by Hammani et al. ", "a 27-year-old man presented with obstructive jaundice and radiographic image of pancreatic cancer. ", "Whipple operation was performed and histopathological examination revealed AIP. ", "Patient responded to steroids with resolution of disease \\[[@bib9]\\]. ", "Like present study, no preoperative tissue diagnosis was made in the study mentioned above, had it been done, patient could have been saved from morbidity associated with Whipple procedure.", "\n\nThe most common clinical presentation in AIP is painless obstructive jaundice, which can also be confused with pancreatic cancer \\[[@bib10]\\]. ", "Two types of AIP have been described. ", "Type 1 is the more recognized form of the disease. ", "It is the pancreatic manifestation of IgG4 related systemic disease. ", "Lymphoplasmacytic sclerosing pancreatitis (LPSP) is the main histological finding i.e. dense lymphoplasmacytic infiltrate particularly rich in IgG4 positive cells. ", "Storiform fibrosis and obliterative phlebitis are also characteristic features. ", "It is often associated with extrapancreatic lesions. ", "Unlike most of the autoimmune processes, AIP is more common in males, with M: F ratio of 2:1. ", "Type 2 is a recently described form. ", "It consists of an idiopathic duct-centric pancreatitis (IDCP) i.e., inflammation is centered on the exocrine pancreatic system, with neutrophilic infiltration within the lumen and epithelium of the interlobular ducts, sometimes forming microabscesses. ", "Type 2 AIP is seen in younger patients with no gender preponderance \\[[@bib11]\\].", "\n\nOther IgG4 related extrapancreatic disorders include Mikulicz\\'s syndrome, retroperitoneal fibrosis, inflammatory pseudotumor, hilar lymphadenopathy, Riedel\\'s thyroiditis, and tubulointerstitial nephritis \\[[@bib2],[@bib10]\\].", "\n\nAlthough, elevated serum IgG4 levels are characteristic of AIP, they can only be used in conjunction with other diagnostic findings for making the diagnosis. ", "Other elevated antibody markers can be rheumatoid factor, antilactoferrin and antinuclear antibodies and anti-plasminogen-binding peptide antibody \\[[@bib11],[@bib12]\\].", "\n\nCT shows a swollen, \"sausage-like\" pancreas. ", "Borders have a capsule-like low-density rim and diffuse narrowing of the pancreatic duct is due to periductal inflammation. ", "Endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography (ERCP) shows a long, narrow ductal stricture or multiple non-continuous strictures. ", "ERCP is helpful in making the diagnosis of AIP. ", "EUS is also a good investigation useful for this purpose. ", "However, small material obtained from EUS-guided fine-needle aspiration is usually insufficient to make a diagnosis of AIP. ", "A core biopsy of the pancreas is required for definitive diagnosis \\[[@bib10]\\].", "\n\nSeveral types of diagnostic criteria have been proposed which aid in diagnosis of this entity. ", "Japanese Group used **I**maging, **S**erology and **H**istology for diagnosing AIP. ", "Mayo clinic has given HISORt criteria for diagnosis of AIP which require **H**istology, **I**maging, **S**erology, **O**ther organ involvement and **R**esponse to **t**herapy (steroids) for diagnosis \\[[@bib13]\\].", "\n\nInternational association of pancreatology has devised international consensus on the diagnostic criteria (ICDC). ", "According to it terms type 1 and type 2 should be used to describe the clinical profiles associated with LPSP and idiopathic duct-centric pancreatitis (IDCP), respectively. ", "Only ICDC describes features of type 2 AIP \\[[@bib5]\\]. ", "ICDC 2011 criteria is detailed and most up-to-date knowledge on both types of AIP, but it is too complicated for clinics. ", "Mayo clinic\\'s HISORt criteria can be easily used in daily clinics \\[[@bib11]\\].", "\n\nThe treatment of choice for autoimmune pancreatitis is steroids. ", "After a starting high dose for 4 weeks, gradual tapering can be done, once the symptoms of jaundice regress. ", "Resection is usually not recommended, it is done only in cases misdiagnosed as malignancy. ", "Core biopsy of the pancreas is sufficient to make the diagnosis \\[[@bib13]\\].", "\n\n3. ", "Conclusion {#sec3}\n=============\n\nAIP is a unique chronic pancreatic disorder and its presentation can be quite similar to pancreatic adenocarcinoma. ", "Its clinical suspicion is critical in patient\\'s management. ", "As it has an excellent response to corticosteroid therapy, expertise of the doctors in diagnosing this entity can save the patient from extensive surgery and resulting morbidity.", "\n\nEthical approval {#sec4}\n================\n\nNo research ethics approval was necessary for this case report. ", "Written informed consent was obtained from the patient for publication of this Case report and any accompanying images. ", "A copy of the written consent is available for review by the Editor-in-Chief of this journal.", "\n\nFunding {#sec5}\n=======\n\nNil.", "\n\nAuthor contribution {#sec6}\n===================\n\nPlease specify the contribution of each author to the paper, e.g. study design, data collections, data analysis, writing. ", "Others, who have contributed in other ways should be listed as contributors.", "\n\nStudy concept: Dr. Meenu Gill, Dr. Rajesh Godara.", "\n\nWriting the paper: Dr. Komal Brar, Dr. Shilpi Bhargava, Data Interpretation: Dr. Rajeev Sen, Dr. Promil Jain, Dr Bhawna Sachdeva.", "\n\nConflict of interest {#sec7}\n====================\n\nWe have no conflict of interest.", "\n\nResearch registration unique identifying number (UIN) {#sec8}\n=====================================================\n\nNone.", "\n\nGuarantor {#sec9}\n=========\n\nDr. Komal Brar.", "\n\nConsent {#sec10}\n=======\n\nWritten informed consent was obtained from the patient for publication of this case report and accompanying images. ", "A copy of the written consent is available for review by the Editor-in-chief of this journal on request.", "\n\nProvenance and peer review {#sec11}\n==========================\n\nNot commissioned, externally peer reviewed.", "\n\nAppendix A. Supplementary data {#appsec1}\n==============================\n\nThe following is the supplementary data to this article:Multimedia component 1Multimedia component 1\n\nSupplementary data to this article can be found online at <https://doi.org/10.1016/j.amsu.2019.07.026>.", "\n" ]

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[ "package xdb\n\nimport (\n\t\"sync\"\n\t\"time\"\n\t\"fmt\"\n\t\"runtime/debug\"\n\t\"log\"\n)\n\ntype PoolClient struct {\n\tsync.", "RWMutex\n\tClientChan chan *Client\n\tUri string\n\tMaxClientCount uint8\n\tCurrentClientCount uint8\n\tAvailableCount\tuint8\n}\n\nvar clientPool map[string]*PoolClient\n\nfunc init() {\n\tclientPool = make(map[string]*PoolClient,0)\n}\n\nfunc InitClientPool(name string,uri string,count uint8) error{\n\tif _,ok:=clientPool[name];!ok{\n\t\tclientPool[name] = &PoolClient{\n\t\t\tClientChan: make(chan *Client, int(count)),\n\t\t\tUri:uri,\n\t\t\tMaxClientCount: count,\n\t\t\tCurrentClientCount: 0,\n\t\t\tAvailableCount:0,\n\t\t}\n\t}\n\treturn nil\n}\n\nfunc GetClient(name string) (c *Client,err error) {\n\tif _,ok:=clientPool[name];!ok{\n\t\treturn nil,fmt.", "Errorf(name+\" not esxit\")\n\t}\n\tt := clientPool[name]\n\tt.Lock()\n\tif t.AvailableCount > 0 {\n\t\tt.AvailableCount--\n\t\tt.Unlock()\n\t\t//这里为什么不需要timeout,是因为前面加了lock 判断空闲连接数\n\t\tc = <- t.ClientChan\n\t\treturn\n\t}\n\tif t.MaxClientCount > t.CurrentClientCount{\n\t\tt.CurrentClientCount++\n\t\tt.Unlock()\n\t\tf,stringKey := NewClient(name,t.Uri)\n\t\tif f == nil{\n\t\t\tt.Lock()\n\t\t\tt.CurrentClientCount--\n\t\t\tt.Unlock()\n\t\t}\n\t\treturn f,stringKey\n\t}\n\tt.Unlock()\n\ttimer := time.", "NewTimer(5 * time.", "Second)\n\tselect {\n\tcase c = <-t.", "ClientChan:\n\t\tbreak\n\tcase <- timer.", "C:\n\t\tbreak\n\t}\n\ttimer.", "Stop()\n\tif c == nil{\n\t\treturn nil,fmt.", "Errorf(\"get client time out\")\n\t}\n\tt.Lock()\n\tt.AvailableCount--\n\tt.Unlock()\n\treturn\n}\n\nfunc BackCient(name string,c *Client) bool {\n\tdefer func() {\n\t\tif err := recover();err !", "=nil{\n\t\t\tlog.", "Println(string(debug.", "Stack()))\n\t\t\treturn\n\t\t}\n\t}()\n\tif _,ok:=clientPool[name];!ok{\n\t\treturn true\n\t}\n\tt:=clientPool[name]\n\tt.Lock()\n\tif t.CurrentClientCount > t.MaxClientCount{\n\t\tt.CurrentClientCount--\n\t\tfunc(){\n\t\t\tdefer func() {\n\t\t\t\tif err := recover();err !", "= nil{\n\t\t\t\t\tlog.", "Println(string(debug.", "Stack()))\n\t\t\t\t\treturn\n\t\t\t\t}\n\t\t\t}()\n\t\t\t//调用插件函数,关闭连接,这里防止插件代码写得有问题,抛异常,所以这里需要recover一次\n\t\t\tc.Close()\n\t\t}()\n\t}else{\n\t\tt.AvailableCount++\n\t\tt.ClientChan <- c\n\t}\n\tt.Unlock()\n\treturn true\n}" ]

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[ "Q:\n\nUnderstanding the output of table()\n\nI have this dataframe\ndf <- data.frame(country = c(\"Italy\", \"Germany\", \"Italy\", \"USA\",\"Poland\"),\n gender = c(\"male\", \"female\", \"female\", \"female\", NA))\n\nwhich I want to aggregate in a different dataframe which summarises the number of female and male in each column such as \ndf_result <- data.frame(country = c(\"Germany\",\"Italy\",\"Poland\",\"USA\",\"<NA>\"),\n female = c(1,1,0,1,0),\n male = c(0,1,0,0,0),\n \"NA\" = c(0,0,1,0,0))\n\nyet\nas.data.frame(table(df, useNA = \"always\"))\n country gender Freq\n1 Germany female 1\n2 Italy female 1\n3 Poland female 0\n4 USA female 1\n5 <NA> female 0\n6 Germany male 0\n7 Italy male 1\n8 Poland male 0\n9 USA male 0\n10 <NA> male 0\n11 Germany <NA> 0\n12 Italy <NA> 0\n13 Poland <NA> 1\n14 USA <NA> 0\n15 <NA> <NA> 0\n\nA:\n\n df$gender <- as.character(df$gender)\n df$gender[is.na(df$gender)] <- \"NA.\"", "\n as.data.frame.matrix(table(df))\n # female male NA.", "\n #Germany 1 0 0\n #Italy 1 1 0\n #Poland 0 0 1\n #USA 1 0 0\n\n" ]

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[ "590 F.2d 336\nU. S.v.", "Snyder\nNo. ", "78-5202\nUnited States Court of Appeals, Sixth Circuit\n12/13/78\n\n1\nE.D.Ky.", "\n\nAFFIRMED\n" ]

{ "pile_set_name": "FreeLaw" }

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[ "FlipIt! ", "USB Charger Leeches Power Off Power Lines Already In Use\n\nHave you ever been out at Starbucks or the airport or at a meeting and you just need a power line to charge your mobile phone or tablet but there just aren’t any spare power lines available and there are no extension cords? ", "Perhaps the answer may very well lie with the FlipIt! ", "USB Charger, a device by ThinkGeek and what makes it more unique is that thanks to its design it actually is able to leech power off a power line that’s already in use providing just enough juice for you to charge your USB chargeable devices, such as the iPhone/iPad.", "\n\nHow it works is that the USB charger comes with a swing out rotating power tab which means all you’d have to do is unplug whatever is being used at the moment, put it through the rotating power tab on the FlipIt! ", "USB Charger, plug it back in and you’re good to go, as shown in the photo above. ", "It’s also small and compact and durable so you will be able to take it with you wherever you go and it should work with power plugs of any US 100-240V device and will provide enough juice for devices that require USB power up to 1000mA. If you’re looking to get your hands on this handy little device it will set you back only $13.99, just head on down to ThinkGeek’s website." ]

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[ "- 3. ", "Let u = -23 - -27. ", "Calculate the remainder when (0 - g)/((-1)/11) is divided by u.\n3\nSuppose 3*y - 5 = 4*y. ", "Let d = 22 + y. Calculate the remainder when 66 is divided by d.\n15\nLet h(v) = 2*v**3 - 4*v**2 + 4*v - 2. ", "Let n be h(2). ", "Let i = n + 4. ", "What is the remainder when 2 - 2 - (-14 - 3) is divided by i?", "\n7\nLet j = -13 - -19. ", "Suppose c + t = 19, -2*t + 3*t = -4*c + 88. ", "What is the remainder when c is divided by j?", "\n5\nLet r(p) = -p**3 - 6*p**2 - p + 5. ", "Let t be r(-4). ", "Let i = 43 - t. What is the remainder when i is divided by 34?", "\n32\nSuppose 55 - 16 = d. Let z = d + -22. ", "Calculate the remainder when 65 is divided by z.\n14\nWhat is the remainder when ((-78)/10)/((-4)/20) is divided by (-6)/(-4)*56/6?", "\n11\nSuppose -o + 0 - 111 = -4*s, -5*s + 147 = -4*o. ", "What is the remainder when s is divided by 72/5 - (-6)/(-15)?", "\n13\nLet z = 2 - 8. ", "What is the remainder when 14 is divided by 4*4/z*-3?", "\n6\nSuppose -2*u = 5*j - 21 - 8, -4*u + 3*j + 71 = 0. ", "What is the remainder when 28 is divided by u?", "\n11\nLet i = 14 - 9. ", "Suppose i*g - 76 - 49 = 0. ", "What is the remainder when g is divided by 9?", "\n7\nSuppose 4*q = -3*p + 44, 3*q = 4*p + p - 112. ", "Calculate the remainder when 137 is divided by p.\n17\nLet z(d) = -8*d**3 + d**2 - 3*d - 4. ", "Let y be z(-3). ", "Suppose -5*g = 4*w - y, -g = -1 + 3. ", "Let r = w + -35. ", "Calculate the remainder when r is divided by 13.", "\n12\nLet h = -13 - -26. ", "What is the remainder when 50 is divided by h?", "\n11\nLet u(y) = -y + 0 + 7 + 0 - 2*y**2 + 3*y**2. ", "What is the remainder when u(0) is divided by 5?", "\n2\nSuppose 4*w + 3*s - 17 = 72, -18 = -w - 5*s. ", "Suppose -2*q + 289 = 3*l + 2*q, -348 = -4*l + 4*q. ", "What is the remainder when l is divided by w?", "\n22\nSuppose -8*j + 440 + 80 = 0. ", "What is the remainder when j is divided by 17?", "\n14\nLet r = 78 - 53. ", "Calculate the remainder when 73 is divided by r.\n23\nSuppose -4*w + 10 = -10. ", "Let o(i) = -i + 11. ", "Calculate the remainder when w is divided by o(9).", "\n1\nLet c = -56 - -136. ", "Calculate the remainder when c is divided by 21.", "\n17\nSuppose -20 = -5*s - 4*h, 0 = 4*s - h + 3 - 40. ", "What is the remainder when 30 is divided by s?", "\n6\nSuppose 0 = -11*r - 0*r + 1452. ", "What is the remainder when r is divided by 27?", "\n24\nSuppose 0 = -m + 4*m. ", "Suppose m = -3*y + y. Suppose y = 5*l + 5*u - 95, 0*l = 4*l - 3*u - 76. ", "Calculate the remainder when l is divided by 10.", "\n9\nWhat is the remainder when (-2)/(2/3) - 598/(-26) is divided by 14?", "\n6\nLet t = 3 - -87. ", "What is the remainder when t is divided by 23?", "\n21\nSuppose 0*u - 2*u = 888. ", "Let q be u/54 - 4/(-18). ", "Calculate the remainder when q*(0 + (-3)/6) is divided by 3.", "\n1\nSuppose 8 = -g - 4*t, 5*g - 5*t = -0*g + 35. ", "Suppose 3*c + 4*y + 19 - 5 = 0, -2*c - 4*y - 8 = 0. ", "Let d = c - -8. ", "Calculate the remainder when g is divided by d.\n0\nSuppose -h = -2*q - 0*h + 283, 2*h = q - 149. ", "What is the remainder when q is divided by 35?", "\n34\nLet i = -28 - -39. ", "Calculate the remainder when 32 is divided by i.\n10\nLet u = 6 - 13. ", "Let q be 0/1 - (u - -5). ", "Suppose -5*o = -4*o - q. What is the remainder when 2 is divided by o?", "\n0\nSuppose 0 = -3*v + v + 2*x + 26, v = -3*x + 9. ", "Suppose -2*r + r + 33 = z, 3*r + 3 = 0. ", "What is the remainder when z is divided by v?", "\n10\nSuppose -2*v - 62 = -v. ", "Let l(k) = k**3 - 2*k**2 - 7*k + 5. ", "What is the remainder when l(5) is divided by v/(-5) - 4/10?", "\n9\nLet n = 38 - 18. ", "Let v = 34 - -4. ", "What is the remainder when v is divided by n?", "\n18\nLet v = -109 - -133. ", "Calculate the remainder when 35 is divided by v.\n11\nLet h be (-3)/(6/(-4)) + 8. ", "Let d be 2/10 - (-38)/h. ", "Suppose -d*a + 3*a = -3, 99 = 3*m + 5*a. ", "Calculate the remainder when m is divided by 10.", "\n8\nSuppose j + 3*j = 88. ", "What is the remainder when 62 is divided by j?", "\n18\nSuppose 0 = 2*j - 2*w - 320, 5*j - 3*w - w - 801 = 0. ", "Calculate the remainder when j is divided by 41.", "\n38\nLet t(x) = -x**3 - 11*x**2 - 5*x + 1. ", "Let o be -8 - (-3 - -1 - -5). ", "Calculate the remainder when t(o) is divided by 15.", "\n11\nLet w(x) = 20*x + 65. ", "Calculate the remainder when w(12) is divided by 34.", "\n33\nSuppose -2*g - 3 = -11. ", "Suppose 64 = 5*p + g. Calculate the remainder when 34 is divided by p.\n10\nSuppose 2*b = 2*j + 10, 0*j + 4*j - 12 = 0. ", "Let x be (-6)/(-27) + 34/9*1. ", "Suppose b = -2*m, x*m + 21 = s - 24. ", "Calculate the remainder when s is divided by 10.", "\n9\nSuppose 553 = 20*u - 107. ", "Calculate the remainder when 64 is divided by u.\n31\nLet b(y) = -y**3 + 6*y**2 + 7*y - 9. ", "Calculate the remainder when b(6) is divided by 18.", "\n15\nLet y = -40 + 47. ", "Let o = 34 + -14. ", "What is the remainder when o is divided by y?", "\n6\nLet l(j) = -j**3 - 6*j**2 - 2*j + 7. ", "What is the remainder when 73 is divided by l(-6)?", "\n16\nLet t(o) = o + 4. ", "Let h(c) = 2*c + 18. ", "Let p be h(-7). ", "Suppose 0*i + 12 = p*i. ", "Calculate the remainder when t(6) is divided by i.\n1\nLet k(h) = -h**3 + 13*h**2 - h + 22. ", "What is the remainder when 22 is divided by k(13)?", "\n4\nLet o = -15 + 24. ", "What is the remainder when 31 is divided by o?", "\n4\nLet y be 3*((-10)/3)/(-2). ", "Let k(z) = z**3 - 2*z**2 - 3*z - 6. ", "Calculate the remainder when k(y) is divided by 14.", "\n12\nLet j(l) = -l + 8 + 2*l - l**2 + 4*l - 4*l. ", "Let w = 1 - 1. ", "What is the remainder when 23 is divided by j(w)?", "\n7\nSuppose -2 + 4 = m. Suppose -3*k - 2*q + 14 = 0, 4*q + 0 - 4 = -m*k. ", "Calculate the remainder when 9 is divided by k.\n3\nLet s = 0 - -3. ", "Suppose -b + 49 = 5*h, 2*h - s*h - b = -13. ", "Calculate the remainder when (-1)/(-3) - (-105)/h is divided by 7.", "\n5\nLet u(p) = p + 3. ", "Let b be u(-3). ", "Suppose 3*w + 2*w - 40 = b. Suppose -5*k + 33 = -42. ", "Calculate the remainder when k is divided by w.\n7\nWhat is the remainder when (-18 + 19)/(1/11) is divided by 6?", "\n5\nLet a(z) = 0*z**2 - 26*z**3 + 25*z**3 + 4*z + 8 - 7*z**2. ", "Suppose -29 = 3*o - 5*i, -2*o = 4*i + 7 + 5. ", "What is the remainder when a(o) is divided by 21?", "\n19\nLet d(j) = j**3 - j**2 + j + 11. ", "Let b be d(0). ", "Let v = b - -2. ", "Calculate the remainder when v is divided by 4.", "\n1\nWhat is the remainder when ((-222)/3)/(-3 + -1 + 2) is divided by 19?", "\n18\nSuppose -2*t + 43 = u, -2*t + t - 5*u + 35 = 0. ", "Let k(z) = -4*z + 10. ", "Let o be k(7). ", "Let n = -7 - o. What is the remainder when t is divided by n?", "\n9\nSuppose -5*h = 4*v - 27 - 12, -5*h + v = -59. ", "Calculate the remainder when 65 is divided by h.\n10\nLet y(o) = -o**3 - o**2 + o - 2. ", "Let q be y(0). ", "Calculate the remainder when (q/3)/((-18)/621) is divided by 8.", "\n7\nLet n = -2 - -4. ", "Let t = 11 - 6. ", "Suppose n*z = t*z - 21. ", "Calculate the remainder when 12 is divided by z.\n5\nSuppose 119*m - 121*m + 24 = 0. ", "Calculate the remainder when 45 is divided by m.\n9\nWhat is the remainder when 7/(14/54)*1 is divided by 5?", "\n2\nLet h = 6 + -4. ", "Suppose -7 + 25 = h*s. ", "Let r(b) = 31*b + 2. ", "Calculate the remainder when r(1) is divided by s.\n6\nSuppose x = 3, 3*h - 16 = x + 5. ", "Calculate the remainder when h is divided by (-48)/(-20) - (-2)/(-5).", "\n0\nSuppose 4*m = 2*o + 2 - 0, -16 = 4*o - 5*m. ", "Let l be 40/18 + 2/o. What is the remainder when 2 + 3 - l/2 is divided by 3?", "\n1\nLet c(a) = 0*a + 4 - 1 - a + 0. ", "Let n(y) = 3*y - 13. ", "Let q(o) = -9*c(o) - 2*n(o). ", "Calculate the remainder when 42 is divided by q(4).", "\n9\nSuppose 5*m = 5*a - 35, 0 = -m - 1 - 2. ", "Suppose 2*g - 18 = -3*v, 0*v = -2*v + 2*g + 22. ", "Calculate the remainder when v is divided by a.\n0\nLet l = 8 - 12. ", "Let k = -4 - l. Suppose 21 = 3*h + 3*b, k = -4*h + 2*b + 43 + 3. ", "What is the remainder when 29 is divided by h?", "\n9\nLet i be (-1)/((-1)/(-153)*3). ", "What is the remainder when 15 is divided by 1/2 + i/(-6)?", "\n6\nSuppose -5*s + 3 = -3*j, 3*s + 1 + 1 = -2*j. ", "Suppose -4*h + u - 3*u + 130 = 0, s = 3*h + 4*u - 90. ", "What is the remainder when h is divided by 18?", "\n16\nSuppose -2*x = -7*x + 20. ", "Suppose -63 = -x*d - 2*n - n, -3*n = -d - 3. ", "Suppose 81 + 107 = 4*m. ", "Calculate the remainder when m is divided by d.\n11\nLet n(t) = -3 - 4*t + 2 + 7 - 1. ", "Let h(b) = -b**3 - 8*b**2 - 8*b - 1. ", "Calculate the remainder when n(-4) is divided by h(-7).", "\n3\nLet d be (-27)/6*-2*1. ", "Suppose d*p - 16 = 5*p. ", "Suppose -3*j - s = -35, -9 = -j - s + p. What is the remainder when 31 is divided by j?", "\n9\nWhat is the remainder when (-184)/(-10)*(-15)/(-6) is divided by 12?", "\n10\nLet g = -385 + 591. ", "Let y be 0/(-2) - (g + 2). ", "What is the remainder when y/(-12)*(-3)/(-2) is divided by 9?", "\n8\nSuppose -4*h + h + 2*q = -129, -4*h + 179 = -5*q. ", "Calculate the remainder when h is divided by 13.", "\n2\nCalculate the remainder when 9 is divided by 3/((-36)/(-68" ]

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[ "I haven't found anymore fleas on Clover so I think most/all the adults are gone. ", "She is still really itchy though. ", "Will this last much longer for her? ", "Also does it take a month for the pupae or whatever to hatch? ", "If they hatched before the month is over then I'm assuming the advantage won't still be working so why is it a monthly thing?", "\n\nThere can still be fleas that you just don't see, but yes the flea allergy from bites can last a few days... if the itching is still really bad (ie scratching/chewing themselves raw) then maybe consider a vet visit for an injection to help with immediate relief. ", "Remember: all current fleas on your pet may be gone, but they may be being exposed to, reinfested and/or bit by new fleas from the environment trying to hitch a ride so even if they aren't physically on your pet anymore, they may be hopping on, biting, and dying... which causes itching to start all over again.", "\n\nThe pupae can lie dormant for MONTHS before hatching. ", "It's a survivability tactic if conditions aren't favorable for hatching. ", "That's why its important to keep your pets on a preventative for a few months consecutively as well as adamantly cleaning your household for a few months. ", "The advantage works throughout the month; it isn't like a dewormer that gets rid of all current pests and then you get reinfested as the month goes on. ", "If a new flea jumps on them at the end of the month, the product should still work to kill them. ", "Granted, the percentage of effectiveness starts to decline the closer you get to the end of the month and I dont know what it is specifically with Advantage but it should still, theoretically, work.", "\n\nIs there any way you could give your niece flea collars for her cats or something so her kittens don't continually reinfect your dogs? ", "If they don;t treat their cats fleas, the cats will be uncomfortable, and their own home can become infested, of course. ", "I'd avoid visiting there if I knew the cats had untreated fleas. ", "I agree, it is just irresponsible of them.", "\n\nI wouldn't even be surprised if I got them a flea collar that they wouldn't use it. ", "They don't seem to think it's a problem she (my niece) was laughing at my mom when she was telling them to treat their cats. ", "I don't have any extra cash right now anyway. ", "I just started a new job, maybe after I a few checks I can try that.", "\n\nZeke has an appt tom at the vet. (", "because he seemed extra itchy but I guess I know why now lol) Still taking him though because he has raw patches and seems really uncomfortable I hope they can give him something other then the steroid type stuff that just makes him pee all over the place. ", "It never seems to work well for itching...\n\nOne one's histamine level is up, one can stay itchy for days after the initial whatever it was that caused it is over, as the immune system is in hyperdrive.", "\n\nI say that as an allergic human. ", "I have been told most people's mosquito bites don't\na) swell up to 1/4\" or more across and turn hot pink or\nb) still itch a couple days later, but that's my body for ya!", "\n\nAs previously mentioned, one bite can cause it to flare up. ", "All it takes is one bite. ", "So if there are still fleas in the environment, and/or there is still exposure to fleas (from the cats?), ", "there is a good chance that, eventhough you're using preventative and there are no live fleas on your pets, that a flea from the environment is jumping on the dog, biting, then dying/jumping off because of the preventative.", "\n\nIt will take a few months to completely clear the environment from a flea infestation due to the life cycle of the flea, and the fact that the pupae can lie dormant for months. ", "That's why vigorous vacuuming and bathing of bedding is instrumental for getting rid of infestations. ", "In the meantime, more eggs are hatching, and they're looking for a host until they jump on your dog, bite it, causing allergies, and hopefully dying before laying eggs.", "\n\nYou mentioned wanting to go to your vet, but did you take them? ", "Just curious to know what their treatment was. ", "In our pets we will usually give a steroid injection for immediate relief... but you mentioned you didn't like the side-effects. ", "Maybe they can give a different steroid, or a lower dose? ", "Assuming you haven't been to the vet or they haven't already treated them.", "\n\nHonestly, if they're still THIS itchy after being to the vet, I would call the vet back and say they're still miserable even after treatment, what else can you do to help relieve their symptoms?", "\n\nAs previously mentioned, one bite can cause it to flare up. ", "All it takes is one bite. ", "So if there are still fleas in the environment, and/or there is still exposure to fleas (from the cats?), ", "there is a good chance that, eventhough you're using preventative and there are no live fleas on your pets, that a flea from the environment is jumping on the dog, biting, then dying/jumping off because of the preventative.", "\n\nIt will take a few months to completely clear the environment from a flea infestation due to the life cycle of the flea, and the fact that the pupae can lie dormant for months. ", "That's why vigorous vacuuming and bathing of bedding is instrumental for getting rid of infestations. ", "In the meantime, more eggs are hatching, and they're looking for a host until they jump on your dog, bite it, causing allergies, and hopefully dying before laying eggs.", "\n\nYou mentioned wanting to go to your vet, but did you take them? ", "Just curious to know what their treatment was. ", "In our pets we will usually give a steroid injection for immediate relief... but you mentioned you didn't like the side-effects. ", "Maybe they can give a different steroid, or a lower dose? ", "Assuming you haven't been to the vet or they haven't already treated them.", "\n\nHonestly, if they're still THIS itchy after being to the vet, I would call the vet back and say they're still miserable even after treatment, what else can you do to help relieve their symptoms?", "\n\nI did take my other dog to the vet. ", "She gave him some type of wipes. ", "I've never heard of them before. ", "I think she said it's something new they're tying. ", "He has a lot of sore spots that are raw now and the skin is really irritated. ", "I'm not really sure yet if it's helping him. ", "As for Clover she said to try the reactine, but so far it hasn't been helping.", "\n\nAudrey, I will email you the audio files for the show when I get them, the two vets went into far too much for me to be able to take note. ", "But as for Zeke still being itchy, he did mention some dogs are like me, and will continue to be itchy for days - some even weeks after the initial bite. ", "Just make sure he's not chewing so much he gets an infection, if there's continued hair missing, you have to worry about that, and maybe bring out the \"Collar of Shame\" for a while.", "\n\nThe do itch for a while but I thought by now the itching should have died down a little\n\nSome of us have immune systems that stay on hyper-alert longer than others, which is why we itch long after everyone else has stopped. ", "It can be maddening, but less so when we understand it. ", "I got into the habit of NEVER scratching skin that itches, as that just seems to prolong it!" ]

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[ "A 700-megabyte document leak from the Democratic National Committee must have party officials kicking themselves over their failure to invest in proper network security.", "\n\nAlready, hackers have forced the premature resignation of their party chairwoman. ", "The leaks from earlier this year have also created deep resentments among supporters of Bernie Sanders, who believe, with good reason, that the DNC stacked the primary process to help Hillary Clinton and defeat challengers.", "\n\nThe new leak, from a hacker known as Guccifer 2.0, shows a bit about the stomach-turning sausage-making process in which Democratic donors have been rewarded with high-ranking government appointments.", "\n\nAmong the new trove of leaked documents is a spreadsheet of the biggest Democratic fundraisers and the amounts they gave or raised. ", "Look to the top, and you will see who scrounged up enough money to qualify for a federal office.", "\n\nAt the very top of the list is Matthew Barzun, whose $3.5 million got him the ambassadorship to the United Kingdom, sometimes known as the Court of St. James; Julius Genachowski, who raised $3.49 million and became chairman of the Federal Communications Commission; and Frank Sanchez, whose $3.41 million was only good enough for undersecretary of commerce. ", "Poor chap!", "\n\nOf the top 57 fundraisers on the DNC list, 18 secured ambassadorships in Hillary Clinton's State Department.", "\n\nTo be sure, presidents have long used certain unimportant appointments to reward political donors and allies. ", "Usually it doesn't create much fuss; after all, it's hard to go horribly wrong appointing an ambassador to Luxembourg or New Zealand.", "\n\nBut President Obama's administration has, characteristically, been worse in this regard than anyone before. ", "It is a measure of his parochial lack of genuine interest in fostering American influence overseas. ", "He has appointed a greater share of unqualified donors than any of his immediate predecessors, and he has appointed them to much more important positions where their lack of qualifications might actually matter.", "\n\nWhen Hungary's democracy seemed under threat due to the ruling party's meddling with that nation's constitution, Obama appointed Colleen Bell, a soap opera producer, as an ambassador. ", "At her confirmation hearing, her lack of knowledge about the country where she was to represent the U.S. shone through: She was unable to name a single strategic American interest in Hungary. ", "Her only qualification was that she'd raised half a million dollars to help finance Obama's re-election.", "\n\nWhen Argentina was in the midst of a political and economic crisis, and its government had been creating legal problems for American companies, Obama appointed Noah Mamet as ambassador there. ", "Mamet had never even visited Argentina, and apparently no one bothered to ask him during his vetting whether he spoke Spanish. ", "But he'd raised half a million dollars for Obama's re-election campaign, and that's what really counts.", "\n\nMore recently, a series of emails released under the Freedom of Information Act helped reveal Hillary Clinton's direct involvement in the selling of at least one office that was intended for a real expert. ", "The emails show her staff panicking when the press started asking questions about Rajiv Fernando, a generous donor to the Clinton Foundation and to Clinton's 2008 presidential race.", "\n\nFernando was appointed, apparently at Clinton's personal recommendation, to the International Security Advisory Board, an obscure panel of top experts that handles top secret national security and nuclear strategy. ", "He had no qualifications for the position, none, and the exposure of his purchase of the position was enough to shame him into resigning.", "\n\nPart of the reason voters, young voters especially, are flirting with third parties this year is that major-party politics seems so cynical and corrupt. ", "It really brings that fact home when you see so many top appointees' names at the top of a fundraising list.", "\n\nAs much as Donald Trump has dominated the headlines this year, this is an area where the Democratic Party has really outdone itself in 2016 with its choice of nominee." ]

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[ "Goldman Sachs has been accused in recent weeks of plotting to make a fortune from the collapse of the American economy and then plotting with Washington insiders to hand the banking industry a massive bailout. ", "Are Goldman haters now plotting against the firm's CEO, Lloyd Blankfein, and his wife Laura? ", "A day after it was reported the banking chief had instructed Goldman employees to play it cool comes this doozy about Laura Blankfein's alleged antics in the Hamptons last weekend:\n\nLaura Blankfein and her friend Susan Friedman, wife of another Goldman honcho, Richard Friedman, caused a huge scene at Super Saturday in the Hamptons last weekend when they arrived at the event before the noon start time and balked at waiting in line with the other ticket-holders.", "\n\n\"Their behavior was obnoxious. ", "They were screaming,\" said one witness. ", "Blankfein said she wouldn't wait with \"people who spend less money than me.\"", "\n\nAnother observer said the women were so impatient, it was as if they were waiting on line for a kidney transplant instead of a charitable designer clothing sale. ", "Friedman shouted at the event organizer, \"You have lost so much money because of this... Why should we be treated like the $650 donors?\"", "\n\nWe're going to give Mrs. Blankfein a pass here, if only because this is the first time we've heard of the former corporate lawyer acting out like this. ", "Kathy Fuld, the wife of former Lehman CEO Dick Fuld, who also appears in the Post today for \"looking as if she had not a care in the world\" while shopping in Sun Valley? ", "That just cannot stand. ", "Not a chance." ]

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[ "Influence of Different Screw Torque Levels on the Biomechanical Behavior of Tapered Prosthetic Abutments.", "\nTo study the force used for tightening tapered one-piece prosthetic abutments and their influence on the removal torque value and stress level of the prosthetic abutment after cyclic loading. ", "Fourteen implants and prosthetic abutments were divided into two groups (n = 7): G1, 20 Ncm; and G2, 32 Ncm (manufacturer recommended). ", "A 20-mm T-shaped horizontal bar was adapted to the abutments. ", "A 12-Hz cyclic loading was applied to the specimens in an electrodynamic testing system with the maximum number of cycles set to 106. ", "Specimens were inclined by 15 degrees from the vertical axis, and a 5-mm off-center vertical load was applied to generate a combination of bending and torquing moments on the tapered connections. ", "Progressive loads (from 164.85 to 362.85 N) were applied when the previous sample survived 106 cycles. ", "The paired t test compared the screw removal torque with the initial tightening torque for each group (α = .05). ", "A finite element analysis (FEA) of the mechanical testing analyzed the regions of stress concentration. ", "No specimens failed after 106 cyclic loadings. ", "The mean screw removal torque for both groups was similar to the initial abutment torque value applied for each group (G1, 20.36 ± 8.73 Ncm; and G2, 35.61 ± 6.99 Ncm) (P > .05). ", "FEA showed similar stress behavior for both groups in the study despite the different simulated screw preloads (G1: 200 N; G2: 320 N). ", "The coronal region of the implant body presented the highest strain values in both groups. ", "Tightening tapered one-piece prosthetic abutments at 20 and 32 Ncm maintains a stable connection after cyclic loading. ", "The stresses generated by the different tightening forces during cyclic loading are highest at the coronal level of the connection." ]

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[ "Q:\n\nWhy can you bypass restricted WiFis by adding \"?", ".jpg\" to the URL?", "\n\nI recently read an article on Hacking a commercial airport WLAN. ", "It's basically about circumventing paid airport WiFi redirections (they redirect you to a certain URL when you type something in the address bar).", "\nYou just add ?", ".jpg and tada, you've done it. ", "\nMy question is: Why does this work? ", "\n\nA:\n\nMost probably the blocker is designed to let images through, maybe because they are hotlinking some images on the page where they ask for you to login.", "\nAppending ?", ".jpg to the URL makes the blocker think that the URL is an image. ", "On the other hand, anything after the ? ", "doesn't change the actual webpage requested, it only changes the GET headers. (", "so http://google.com/?.jpg and http://google.com/ give the same page).", "\nNote that if there already is a query string in the URL (something after a question mark), then you must use &.jpg instead of ?", ".jpg, as only the first question mark is considered for making a query string (the second question mark is considered as part of the data, generally, and this may lead to you getting the wrong page)\nBasically, when you fetch a page, you can provide additional data to the server (which can then send you a custom page dependant on your data). ", "There are two ways of doing this: a GET request and a POST request. ", "A GET request puts the data in the URL itself, a POST request sends in in a more subtle, 'hidden' way. ", "Here is an example GET request on the \"ask question\" page of SuperUser. ", "A note: it is not necessary that there is data when you use a GET request. ", "When you fetch a normal webpage, that is also a GET request, without data.", "\n\n" ]

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[ "This application is submitted by the Johns Hopkins University and ORC Macro in response to PA-04-019, which encourages applications focusing on the Center for Mental Health Services' (CMHS) Comprehensive Community Mental Health Services for Children and Their Families Program. ", "Since 1993, CMHS has provided funding to 121 grantees to develop service systems to provide a comprehensive spectrum of mental health and other support services to children with serious emotional disturbance (SED) and their families. ", "We are proposing to analyze data available from approximately 69,000 youth served and 28,000 youth enrolled in the monitoring component of the study in order to investigate racial/ethnic, gender, and age differences in the characteristics of youth entering the program and disparities in the services received and outcomes. ", "The project has three aims. ", "Aim 1. ", "Describe characteristics of youth at baseline for all 121 Service Programs initiated since 1993 (and any added during the study period) and identify trends in these baseline characteristics across this time period. ", "Aim 2. ", "Investigate the potential disparities at baseline and in treatment outcomes for youth enrolled in the program. ", "Aim 3. ", "Identify the determinants of treatment trajectories and also the determinants of disparities in treatment outcomes over time. ", "We hypothesize that the characteristics of youth served will vary over time and that disparities in outcomes will become less over time. ", "This research will identify gaps in our current services and the extent to which disparities remain a challenge, even in our nation's model program. [", "unreadable] [unreadable] [unreadable]" ]

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[ "Metabolism of actisomide in the dog, monkey and man: a novel rearrangement of N-dealkylated metabolites.", "\nThe metabolism of actisomide, a novel antiarrhythmic agent, was studied in the dog, monkey and man and was found to be more extensive in the monkey than in the dog or man. ", "The major metabolites identified were a piperidinyl hydroxylated metabolite, the mono-N-dealkylated, cyclized and piperidine hydroxylated metabolite, and the cyclized and mono-N-dealkylated metabolite. ", "Excretion of the parent drug was higher in urine than in feces in the dog, but in the monkey and man, urinary and fecal excretion of actisomide was similar. ", "In all species the metabolites were primarily excreted in feces." ]

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[ "Check out our new site Makeup Addiction\n\nadd your own caption\n\nadd your own caption\n\nGame series is called burnout can't do burnouts" ]

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[ "\"\"There's 1 cookie in my pocket\" \"\"If I hit my pocket\" there's 2....\" \"Suddenly, Ms. Asako will start to sing\" \"A sign that she's desperately sleepy\" \"\"...more and more cookies\"\" \"The Special Christmas issue is a 62-page special edition\" \"With our deadline looming, none of us had slept in 3 days\" \"I think singing this song makes me hungry\" \"Hey Hey!\" \"", "The pattern code's wrong in the first frame\" \"What time is it?\" \"", "See for yourself\" \"I screwed up the correction of my screw up!\" \"", "What are you doing!\" \"", "You're no better than a monkey\" \"I'm not a monkey\" \"You missed a line, here\" \"Please add it\" \"Sure, sorry\" \"Goodbye\" \" So Cold\" \" I'm so glad we met your deadline\" \"No' thank you, Naomi This is a fantastic morning\" \"Thank you, too, Ms. Asako\" \"No, I'm sorry it took so long\" \"Where shall we have the wrap party?\" \"", "Let's see...\" \"Spanish food at Dos Gatos\" \" Thanks so much\" \" Thanks so much\" \"Adios, Ms. Asako!\" \"", "Paella!\" \"", "Ca Va\" \"I'm finished\" \"Time for breakfast\" \"Ca Va...\" \"Gu Gu the Cat\" \" Hello\" \" Hello\" \"Ms. Asako wasn't writing as much these days\" \"Andyou couldn'tjust blame it on Ca Va's death\" \"Last year, she only wrote that special edition\" \"This year, she's written nothing so far\" \"Ca Va on top of the laundry\" \"Ca Va coming to play in the bath\" \"Ca Va waiting patiently outside the toilet\" \"Ca Va asleep with her paws outstretched\" \"Ca Va, who will only knead her blue blanket\" \"Ca Va the narcissist, who likes to sleep on the mirror\" \"Ms. Asako had met Ca Va 15 years ago\" \"She was just writing the climactic scene for her first serial and she was beside herself\" \"\"It tasted strange\"\" \"Excuse me\" \"Please take her\" \"We've been searching for a home for her\" \"None of our parents will let us keep her\" \"Ms. Asako said she was sure those girls faked crying\" \"I named your cat Ca Va\" \"It means \"How are you?\" ", "in French\" \"\"Inspector Pepper, stay out of our way\" \"\"Inspector Pepper, we're on our way...\"\" \"Pet Store\" \"Ca Va hada kidney disease\" \"Ms. Asako never said so, but I think she regretted not noticing it sooner\" \"Like I said, there's no way Ms. Asako can bury her grief by getting a new cat\" \"No way!\" \"", "15 years is a long life for a cat!\" \"", "Besides, it's just a cat, a cat\" \"Exactly\" \"A middle-aged woman can't stop working over a dead cat!\" \"", "With no work for the past month, all I did was play\" \"Somebody, loan me this month's rent!\" \"", "The hell\" \"The hell!\" \"", "The hell!\" \"", "They're all shooting off their mouths, but when Ca Va died, all four ofus cried our eyes out\" \"But Ms. Asako never cried\" \"Cats live 3 times as fast as humans\" \"Ca Va...\" \"Lived 3 times as fast as me\" \"I saw Ms. Asako in front of the pet shop today\" \"Hey\" \"Do you think she's crying all alone?\" \"", "I don't know\" \"Ca Va was always with her\" \"You really like her, don't you\" \"Yotsuya Kwaidan by Asako Kojima\" \"One summer vacation, I happened to read her work\" \"What's wrong, Naomi?\" \"", "Naomi\" \"What's wrong, Naomi?\" \"", "Nothing!\" \"", "I was moved\" \"There was something about it that I couldn't put into words\" \"It was a strange feeling, like I had just grown up, all at once\" \"For me, the idea ofbecoming Asako Kojima's assistant, was literally, a dream come true\" \"So cute!\" \"", "Hello\" \"Look this way, I'll shoot\" \"This way, say Cheese\" \"I'm calling him Gu Gu\" \"Gu followed by gu\" \"It's a good name for a boy\" \"But what does it mean?\" \"", "Oh, I know, it's Bulgarian. ..\" \"", "Wrong\" \"It's \"sleeps well\" like snoring\" \"Wrong\" \"All cats sleep well\" \"It's \"eats well\" like a growling stomach\" \" That's you\" \" Hey!\" \"", "Whoever gets it right, gets a year's worth of Sato's fried meatballs\" \"Gu Gu, Gu Gu\" \"For your information, Sato is a famous butcher's in Kichijoji\" \"There's always a line for their fried meatballs\" \"It's really truly...\" \"Delicious!\" \"", "Ms. Asako used to say...\" \"The second cat is so lucky\" \"He's treasured all the more for the first one who's gone\" \"Ms. Asako's collected works were published\" \"The totalprice for all 16 volumes was 19,200 Yen\" \"Thank you...\" \"For joining us today\" \"What I regret, however, is that she's not writing as much these days\" \"We would so love to publish more of your work\" \"So please keep writing more and more\" \"I hope all of you will join me in celebrating the publication of her collected works, by offering a toast\" \" Cheers!\" \" ", "Cheers!\" \"", "Thank you for joining us\" \"How many years ago did she debut?\" \"", "I think it was about 25 years ago\" \"I see\" \"You should adapt one into a movie\" \"Ms. Kojima,\" \" you've created so much work\" \" Yes, I have\" \"It's amazing seeing it all together\" \"But I don't work very fast\" \"This is all I've managed\" \"Manga artists have to be patient\" \"You're right\" \"Congratulations, Asako\" \"It's been a long time\" \"Thank you\" \"Naomi\" \"Mr. Tanaka\" \"Don't eat all the roast beef\" \"How many helpings?\" \"", "We understand she liked to draw' even as a child\" \"Yes\" \"But I never dreamed she'd become a manga artist\" \"She makes a living doing what she loves. ..\" \"\"", "I'm running\" \"\"I'm holding a knife and running\" \"\"Why am I running?\" \"\"", "Why do I have to keep running?\"\" \"\"", "Grandpa' Grandpa This isn't a dream\" \"\"I can't climb up \"This is reality\" \"\"Mother, I had a dream last night\" \"\"An unborn baby said to me...\" \"\"I said, 'Come, be born into this world\" \"\"'Wonderful things await you\"'\" \"She'd get upset, asking what was wrong with reading manga\" \"Tell me, is she ready to get back to work?\" \"", "Not sure...\" \"In any case, now that she has a new cat, will the cat do its cat-like job?\" \"", "It's called Gu Gu?\" \"", "Sure...\" \"I just want Ms. Asako to write a new work that I can show off to the whole world\" \"Congratulations\" \"Hey, him, he...\" \"Who?\" \"", "The good-looking hunk that's talking to her\" \"He's Kondo, the editor of \"Yasei Jidai\"\" \"He's one of our Board members\" \"A long time ago, he proposed to Ms. Asako\" \"But she turned him down flat and he took 6 months off from the shock\" \"He went to Latin America\" \"Poor guy\" \"As soon as he came back he married the receptionist\" \"Can you believe it?\" \"", "Sorry\" \"She rejected him but she's the flustered one now\" \"It's so like her\" \" Thank you so much\" \" Good night\" \"Mom, you should dress for bed\" \"I met so many new people, I can't remember them all\" \"You don't need to remember them all\" \"Say, Asako\" \"If you love someone, you should tell him\" \"But instead, your work always comes first for you\" \"You've already made so many books\" \"\"The monkeys skip, skip\" \"Tokyo\" \"Sounds like music, right?\" \"", "That was \"A dog and a horse are coming\"\" \"Hanako\" \"How are you?\" \"", "Are you hungry?\" \"", "What a nice day\" \"Asako\" \"I see, so Ca Va passed away\" \"Yes 15 years ago, you had the same look on your face\" \"That's when Ca Va was being fixed\" \"That was the first time I ever talked to a girl\" \"You'd been standing there for hours looking like you wanted to die\" \"That was the night before her operation, too\" \"I couldn't make up my mind\" \"Kobayashi, were you already here then?\" \"", "You've been here that long?\" \"", "Better hurry\" \"Why does time pass so fast in the morning?\" \"", "The doctor's card...\" \"Is it here?\" \"", "Don't you worry\" \"The operation will be over in no time\" \"Don't you worry, you'll be fine\" \"Oh, here it is\" \"What on earth was it doing here?\" \"", "Oh, no, there's rice in my hair\" \"I'm hardly a child.. .\" \"", "Right, Ca Va?\" \"", "I'm sorry I got your name wrong again\" \"Excuse me, please take one\" \"No way\" \"Chuo Express The Chuo Express doesn't even stop here\" \"Mamoru!\" \"", "Mamoru!\" \"", "That bitch is getting on my nerves\" \"They're staring at each other\" \"Maybe they're friends\" \"Hey!\" \"", "Take him\" \"Gu Gu\" \"Gu Gu\" \"I can't thank you enough\" \"Fixing him?\" \"", "Yes\" \"I get it.\" \"", "That's why he was beside himself\" \"He was chasing her like his life depended on it\" \"I'm sorry\" \"Looking after a cat must be really hard for you\" \"Ms. Asako?\" \"", "Ms. Asako\" \"Hey, you\" \"Who's he?\" \"", "I heard you play\" \"Right\" \"You're a little young to be into Guthrie\" \"Right\" \"You ripped off \"Dust Storm\" right?\" \"", "People know the famous songs\" \" I couldn't find his records\" \" No excuses\" \"Bye\" \"Hey Got some time?\" \"", "Sure\" \"Come, I'll play some stuff for you\" \"I'd never seen Ms, Asako look at anyone that way\" \"Don't bother if you don't want to\" \"The 21st Century Club was about to spring back into action\" \"3 days later, Gu Gu had his operation\" \"Elizabethan Collar A device appliedafter an animal's operation to prevent it from licking its wound\" \"Named after the collars people wore during the Elizabethan age in England\" \"Used and Repaired Furniture\" \"What's the 21st Century Club?\" \"", "A religion?\" \"", "No\" \"A secret group I made up with Ms. Asako's former assistant\" \"A secret group?\" \"", "You don't care?\" \"", "You really don't care?\" \"", "If our genius Ms. Asako's bloodline stops cold?\" \"", "You really don't care if the noble bloodline that inspired her work that moved us so much disappears from this earth?\" \"", "Hey, are you listening?\" \"", "This is a type of environmental crisis, too\" \"No objections!\" \"", "No objections!\" \"", "Who the hell is he?\" \"", "So?\" \"", "Our goal is to acquire a charming gentleman for Ms. Asako, so her bloodline will not end\" \"Let's call it the \"21st Century Club\"\" \"We're in this together\" \" Let's do it\" \" Let's do it\" \"But she got married and moved away before we had a chance\" \"Now I'm the only original member left\" \"So I just appointed you an emergency operative\" \"What!\" \"", "Because, there's nobody else\" \"I'm the leader You're the operative\" \"What's that about?\" \"", "How come I'm not the leader?\" \"", "Don't be like that\" \"Maybe Mister can be the leader\" \"Hey, Mister\" \"Please be the leader of the 21st Century Club\" \"Sure, why not\" \"Just like that?\" \"", "But you like this\" \"I liked the other place better\" \"Been a while, Asako\" \"What is it you called to say you want to discuss?\" \"", "I need to think it over a little more first\" \"I never heard you sound so serious before\" \"Apparently they've been hanging out together a lot\" \"Hey\" \"Just calm down\" \"Did you get wet?\" \"", "I need something to wipe this up\" \"Thanks\" \"Seiji was a lot more grown up than me, but still a lot younger than Ms. Asako\" \"I'm going to go up front\" \"Brings back memories\" \"Asako\" \"The great Asako\" \"The collected works of Asako Kojima\" \"Mamoru left them at my place\" \"Here goes!\" \"", "You're different\" \"Mamoru!\" \"", "Oh, right\" \"I got a last minute call to play with a friend's band\" \"That's right\" \"At the Splash in Tachikawa\" \"It's just for us kids\" \"Not the kind of show for grown-ups like Seiji\" \"Naomi\" \"Go, just go\" \"Hey, what?\" \"", "I want beer and potatoes...\" \"Fried shrimp!\" \"", "Just get out of there, OK!\" \"", "Squid rings and onion rings\" \"Croquettes and fried chicken\" \"You only ever eat fried food!\" \"", "The one where after her dad divorces' he winds up remarrying her classmate's mother\" \"That lady who divorced her husband for cheating on her\" \"She looked just like my mom\" \"It was just like that for Mom and me after my Dad split\" \"When she walks under the light of a full moon, with her child towards her lover's house\" \"That mother's face was really scary\" \"But also beautiful\" \"The manga you write are so sad\" \"But for some reason, they gave me courage\" \"Usually, I get my courage from this\" \"Listen...\" \"You've got rice in your hair\" \"Are you OK?\" \"", "Hey, hey, wait, wait\" \"One last beer\" \"The last one My last courage for the day\" \"Yes, good evening!\" \"", "Wait!\" \"", "Thank you for your applause\" \"Give it to me\" \"I plan to give it my very best...\" \"Kojima speaking\" \"Oh, sorry\" \"Mom?\" \"", "Wrong, wrong number\" \"What's she sorry for?\" \"", "Go for it Your Mom\" \"I'm home' Gu Gu\" \"Before I knew it, all I was doing was drawing manga\" \"A cutter knife...\" \"Here's your penholder, a G-pen,\" \"a round pen\" \"And 100 sheets of Kent paper\" \"I'm sorry it took so long\" \"We don't get many orders for these\" \"In my 8th grade summer vacation,\" \"I went to pick up my pens and Kent paper from the store by ourschool\" \"The next thing I knew, 30 years had passed\" \"You're amazing\" \"Maybe you'll become a manga artist\" \"I just want to give it a try\" \"I see\" \"What kind of manga do you want to write, Asako?\" \"", "Manga that will...\" \"Make everybody happy\" \"That's good\" \"That's great\" \"\"Manga that makes everybody happy\"\" \"What's that?\" \"", "Besides, who's everybody?\" \"", "Right, Gu Gu?\" \"", "Why on earth did I say that then?\" \"", "I'm going home\" \"My plan was to act drunk and take off my pants\" \"Thanks\" \"Gu Gu\" \"Gu Gu\" \"Here he is\" \"Go out and be a real Kichijoji cat\" \"Gu Gu, the world's waiting for you!\" \"", "There he is\" \"He's so cat-like\" \"He's a real cat\" \"Look at that cat\" \"Ms. Asako?\" \"", "So cute\" \"Hello\" \"Hey\" \"Hey, hello\" \"Shhh\" \"Look at that happy look on his face\" \"Right?\" \"", "That's from \"Reborn'.\" \"", "Yeah, Gakuran\" \"I like the Disciplinarian better\" \"What, double dress-up?\" \"", "Ramu's student uniform on top, with bloomers\" \"Triple-folded socks\" \"What is it?\" \"", "We went to this\" \" Amazing\" \" Triple-folded socks\" \"What kind of work does Seiji do?\" \"", "Why?\" \"", "The Chairman wants to know\" \"He's in Kichijoji, training for the family business\" \"His income?\" \"", "How should I know Is it really the Chairman asking?\" \"", "That's when she charges in\" \"Let's check it out, once\" \"Everybody pulls back\" \"You race over to help\" \"You OK?\" \"", "Pull back\" \"How vexing!\" \"", "We'll try that, OK?\" \"", "Here goes\" \"We're ready\" \"Not so fast!\" \"", "Hey, wait\" \"What are you doing?\" \"", "Play the part\" \"Get back, hurry Stay back!\" \"", "You got me!\" \"", "They got me\" \"Too bad\" \"The earth and the sky are upside down\" \"Looking down at the sky\" \"Bet you're thinking about Ca Va\" \"It's fun being with you\" \"So I'm sure Ca Va had fun being with you, too\" \"Thank you\" \"Gu Gu!\" \"", "Gu Gu!\" \"", "Maybe he wasn't ready yet\" \"He'll be fine\" \"Gu Gu!\" \"", "Gu Gu!\" \"", "Gu Gu\" \"Can't find him\" \"He's gone\" \"He's gone\" \"Ms. Asako\" \"We'll look over there\" \"Gu Gu\" \"Gu Gu\" \"Gu Gu\" \"Gu Gu\" \"Just a little longer!\" \"", "Why are you looking so hard for that cat!\" \"", "I don't understand!\" \"", "I'm getting sunburned!\" \"", "You saw the desperate look on Ms. Asako's face!\" \"", "I've never even read her manga\" \"Besides, everybody around here is totally tacky!\" \"", "They're creepy, disgusting and I can't stand the heat!\" \"", "It's hot everywhere\" \"I'm going home\" \"I'm dumping you Don't call me!\" \" ", "Kyoko!\" \"", "Kyoko!\" \" ", "To Aoyama\" \"No, no, I'm sorry!\" \"", "No, Kyoko!\" \"", "Gu Gu!\" \"", "Gu Gu\" \"Gu Gu\" \"Mamoru\" \"Lost Cat\" \"I guess lots of cats get lost\" \"Oh, don't say that\" \"But look at all these\" \"You're looking?\" \"", "Name?\" \"", "What?\" \"", "The name\" \"I'm Sakaguchi Mamoru Sakaguchi\" \"No, the cat\" \"It's Gu Gu\" \"What does Gu Gu mean?\" \"", "I don't know\" \"The cat you're looking for already went home\" \"He's probably snoring, \"Goo Goo\" at home\" \"No, apparently Gu Gu doesn't mean snoring\" \"I see\" \"Sit down\" \"I'll tell your fortune\" \"There's something you want to know, right?\" \"", "It's written all over your face\" \"Is he here?\" \"", "Naomi\" \"Yes?\" \"", "Can you get everyone together?\" \"", "At our usual place, the Pepa Café\" \"In her senior year in high school, or her freshman year in college, an 18 year-old girl suddenly starts to age\" \"At an alarming rate\" \"She hadn't written in 6 months\" \"We were so excited I'm sure Ms, Asako was, too\" \"She has a boyfriend who's more like a friend\" \"It was a story about a girl who gets\" \"Werner's Syndrome, a disease which suddenly ages its victims\" \"She starts to live much faster than everyone\" \"In one summer, she turns into an old lady\" \"An old lady\" \"As life keeps speeding up, her world becomes...\" \"The new manga was called,\" \"\"The Child Born in August\"\" \"What!\" \"", "You're already doing research?\" \"", "Thank you, Naomi!\" \"", "Sure, I'll take you out drinking, as much as you want\" \"Sure, sure, canned food for Gu Gu\" \"Wet food with baby fish in it\" \"Bonito and shrimp, low-sodium, wait...\" \"What is this strange sensation?\" \"", "Everything just looks white\" \"This is how the world looks when you get cataracts\" \"My body feels 3 times heavier\" \"You've always been 3 times heavier\" \"What?\" \"", "You've always been 3 times heavier!\" \"", "What?\" \"!\" \"", "Where shall we go?\" \"", "Let's go to the shopping arcade\" \"What?\" \"", "Let's go to the shopping arcade!\" \"", "Musashino CityHall How does it feel to age?\" \"", "Musashino CityHall How does it feel to age?\" \"", "We borrowed aging simulators from City Hall\" \"If you put them on, you can have a virtual experience of aging\" \"\"Bean paste donuts\"\" \"It's hard when you can't see well\" \"It's exhausting\" \"But it's so comforting to at least have someone to talk to about it\" \"We learned that, too\" \" Hello\" \" Hello\" \"I'm totally wiped\" \"Next, we'll ride a train\" \"What?\" \"", "Next, we'll ride a train\" \"OK\" \"She's got so much energy\" \"I want to eat ramen\" \"At Harukiya\" \"Harukiya\" \"Oh, Harukiya\" \"Lots of ramen, lots of roast pork\" \"Let's go!\" \"", "What are you doing!\" \"", "Naomi!\" \"", "Naomi?\" \"", "We're 80!\" \"", "We're 80 years old!\" \"", "Mamoru!\" \"", "Naomi!\" \"", "I'm sorry\" \"Naomi!\" \"", "80 years old!\" \"", "Mamoru!\" \"", "Naomi!\" \"", "Hey!\" \"", "What?\" \"", "No way' no way\" \"No more\" \"I'm done\" \"Oh, yes\" \"I'm sorry\" \"I'm sorry, sorry\" \"Hey, Naomi!\" \"", "Stop it, Naomi!\" \"", "Naomi, stop it!\" \"", "Naomi!\" \"", "Ms. Asako!\" \"", "What's going on?\" \"", "Ms. Asako, are you OK?\" \"", "Are you OK?\" \"", "Ms. Asako!\" \"", "Are you OK?\" \"", "Ms. Asako!\" \"", "Are you OK?\" \"!\" \"", "Ms. Asako!\" \"", "Are you OK?\" \"", "You need to disrobe for the exam\" \"OK\" \"Do you need help?\" \"", "I'm fine\" \"Can you get a blood sample?\" \"", "Yes, in just a minute\" \"Please take that off\" \"Take it off Don't put it on...\" \"Excuse me, can you hear music through these?\" \"", "No, you can't\" \"Are they broken?\" \"", "No, they're not\" \"I hear, you're going to study abroad next year\" \"To New York?\" \"", "Sounds good to me\" \"Why didn't you tell the person who matters most?\" \"", "Cut it out\" \"Telling some fortune-teller before telling him?\" \"", "You're the worst\" \"You deserve to be cheated on\" \"Tell me, why New York?\" \"", "That old lady said it was an auspicious location\" \"What do you mean, auspicious\" \"She told me it was pointless to keep playing music\" \"I don't know about that\" \"If you believe her, I have to believe her, too\" \"It's time to make the delivery\" \"What's wrong with staying here!\" \"", "I can't take this for more than a few years\" \"Lots of girls want a man in his 20s Especially a musician\" \"You just want sex\" \"If you want sex, have it with me!\" \"", "Sorry, Mister I'll be right there\" \"The thing is.. .\" \"", "I'm no good at writing manga\" \"I can see that, working with Ms. Asako\" \"What I really want to do is paint\" \"I've saved up enough to live for a year\" \"But why New York?\" \"", "Someone I used to love lives there\" \"Hey!\" \"", "Sorry, Mister Please fire me\" \"You shouldn't lie to him like that\" \"Sorry to visit so late\" \"It's fine\" \"Where's Mamoru?\" \"", "If you call, I'm happy to come over any time\" \"Eat this with Mamoru\" \"Mr. Tanaka from Kadokawa sent it over\" \"Come in\" \"Wow, Mr. Tanaka was in Sapporo\" \"He has a boyfriend in Sapporo\" \"His boyfriend's still in college\" \"He said his shaved head is really cute\" \" May I?\" \" ", "Sure\" \"But I thought you like crab\" \"I don't have an appetite\" \"Oh, no, the expiration date was 2 months ago\" \"You see...\" \"Yes\" \"It's all dried up\" \"It stinks, too You don't have to see it\" \"You see\" \"I need you to take care of Gu Gu for a while\" \"Oh, sure, fine\" \"It's ovarian cancer\" \"Am I going to die?\" \"", "That's a good question\" \"Even if it's in the early stages, if the cancer has spread outside the ovaries, we have to remove the ovaries and the uterus\" \"See you\" \"I'll be fine, OK\" \"I'll be fine I'll be fine\" \"I'll be fine\" \"Why does it have to be you?\" \"", "I'll be OK\" \"Ms. Kojima?\" \"", "Your room is ready\" \" Are you the manga artist?\" \" ", "Yes\" \"I thought so I was a fan of your work\" \"I'm so happy\" \"I was in middle school when I read your manga\" \"I had a lot going on then\" \"But reading your manga made me feel so strong\" \"My...\" \"I can't believe I'm talking to the genius Asako Kojima\" \"My manga...\" \"This is my lucky day!\" \"", "Don't give me much strength\" \"The thing is...\" \"I may have to call my hometown friend today\" \"Listen\" \"Hey, look\" \"What?\" \"", "Oh, no\" \"Oh, no, is right\" \"What do you want?\" \"", "I'm really pissed off at you\" \"Wanna fight?\" \"", "Hey everybody, listen up\" \"You and you guys, too And you and you and you\" \"We're alive now, so let's do what we can\" \"Do what only we can do\" \"What?\" \"", "Do what?\" \"", "Whatever you can do now\" \"What's that?\" \"", "You're passionate about stuff, right?\" \"", "Don't act so cool, then\" \"You complain about what a pain school is, but we come to hear Mamoru sing because we all want to feel that passion\" \"What's that?\" \"", "I have no idea what you're talking about\" \"I have two things to say\" \"First, in case I die...\" \"You won't\" \"Just in case\" \"I've left a will\" \"Impressive\" \"I want you to take Gu Gu\" \"Actually, I wanted to ask Naomi\" \"But she's leaving Kichijoji\" \"You're the next person I thought of\" \"I'm leaving here next spring, too\" \"When I finish training here' I'll work at Dad's hospital on the island\" \"When Mom died, she asked me to help him if he needed it\" \"She used to hate him so much I guess people can change\" \"Is the island OK?\" \"", "I think Gu Gu will like it I know I will\" \"Amazing\" \"Gu Gu will have the whole beach as his litter box\" \"The other thing?\" \"", "It doesn't matter\" \"OK, guys, take your places\" \"Everybody ready\" \"Here goes\" \"A S A K O\" \"Asako!\" \"", "Go, fight, win!\" \"", "Go for it!\" \"", "Go for it!\" \"", "Go for it!\" \"", "Ms, Asako, get well and come home soon\" \"Let's go!\" \"", "Mamoru\" \"Bye bye!\" \"", "Ms. Asako's surgery took 5 hours\" \"The cancerhad already advanced to stage 3\" \"It has metastasized to her lymph glands\" \"They removedher ovaries andher uterus\" \"She toldno one about her hospitalization, so she had few visitors\" \"You have a wonderful smile Get well soon\" \"Ms, Asako became extremely depressed\" \"A side effect of the chemotherapy\" \"Ms. Asako was always off in her own world, somewhere else\" \"Gu Gu\" \"Good evening\" \"I'm Paul Weinberg I am Death\" \"There are many people who want to talk to me, when their death approaches\" \"You've been wanting to talk to me for a very long time\" \"Because you couldn't meet me, you kept chasing my shadow in your work\" \"What should I do?\" \"", "What should I ask you?\" \"", "Follow me\" \"I've invited the individual you most want to speak with\" \"Ca Va\" \"Please\" \"Were you cold?\" \"", "Rosemary\" \"Oh, dear\" \"I'm so happy' Ca Va I so wanted to talk to you\" \"Your favorite things are, crispy baby fish, yogurt,\" \"fresh steamed broccoli\" \"All things to eat\" \"Clean bath towels, cardboard, water from a faucet\" \"Watching tennis on TV\" \"Birds chattering before dawn\" \"Just as you know me so well,\" \"I know you quite well, too\" \"You liked eating rice balls\" \"Which you can eat with one hand, while drawing manga with the other\" \"I always used to think,\" \"\"Can't she take time off to eat?\"\" \"", "You know...\" \"It always bothered me\" \"You were in love with Mr. Kondo at Kadokawa\" \"The serious editor\" \"I'll never forget the way you danced after you got off the phone when he invited you to dinner\" \"I remember now\" \"Oh, I'm sorry\" \"That's right' he stopped calling you after that\" \"It's all right\" \"I'm sorry I brought it up\" \"It's fine\" \"You were very devoted to your work\" \"I remember after you handed in the last manga\" \"that ran for 2 years you suddenly burst into tears\" \"When I first met you, I was still a child\" \"But somehow, I grew older than you\" \"At the time, I couldn't understand it and I was angry I couldn't live my life at your pace\" \"But you never realized that I had grown older than you\" \"I'm sorry\" \"Humans can be so insensitive\" \"My death and the pain caused by your illness,\" \"as well as the sadness, will all get older\" \"I had a wonderful time\" \"Asako\" \"Thank you\" \"In January, Ms, Asako slowly started to improve\" \"Asako Kojima \"The Child Born in August\"\" \"I am my own queen and my own people\" \"Your daughter is aging\" \"Aging?\" \"", "At a terrible speed\" \"But you must not give up hope\" \"My period stopped\" \"Then the panic followed\" \"Go, get out here!\" \"", "Just get out of here!\" \"", "I can't control my emotions\" \"Yesterday, I was incontinent\" \"But you must not give up hope\" \"The doctors can't help you!\" \"", "If I were really old, could you date me?\" \"", "I'd have to think about that\" \"Last night, she prowled around, crying, 'I want to go home\"\" \"What is the \"home\"\" \"that she wants to return to?\" \"", "The story ends, just as the girl, the main character,\" \"starts to grow again\" \"It seemed less a recuperation and more like a baby growing up\" \"B\" \"O\" \"R\" \"N\" \"That's right, a new me is about to be born\" \"It was a beautiful story that no one in the world, other than Ms, Asako could write\" \"Good luck\" \"Naomi\" \"Listen No more fried food or beer\" \"Got that?\" \"", "Naomi\" \"No more donuts, either Don't drink the soup in the ramen\" \"We'll be waiting\" \"See you\" \"A year's worth of Sato fried meatballs\" \"Ms. Asako!\" \"", "Yes?\" \"", "I meant to ask you, what does Gu Gu mean?\" \"", "It means...\" \"Every day is good good\" \"For no special reason, yesterday's dream was good good\" \"A letter from tomorrow\" \"I tried whispering\" \"Into the passing wind but it scattered on the street Goodgood\" \"I wonder who will get it\" \"I remember his eyes\" \"I'll never forget your words\" \"Do you like this town?\" \"", "Do you love it?\" \"", "May Gu Gu live a long life\" \"May he be spared illness\" \"May he be spared accidents\" \"May he enjoy his life\" \"And is he lives out his natural life, may I be here to bid him goodbye\" \"I'm home' Gu Gu\" \"Based on the story by Yumiko Oshima ¨GuGu Datte Neko Dearu\" published by KADOKAWA GROUP PUBLISHING CO.,LTD.\" \"", "Written Directedby Isshin Inudou\" \"Music Haruomi Hosono\" \"Asako Kojima Kyoko Koizumi\" \"Naomi Juri Ueno\" \"Seiji Sawamura Ryo Kase\" \"Mamoru Naojiro Hayashi\" \"Tatsuya Tatsuya Isaka\" \"Kanako Miyuki Oshima (morisanchu)\" \"Sakie Tomoko Murakami (morisanchu)\" \"Michiko Kazuko Kurosawa (morisanchu)\" \"Paul Marty Friedman\" \"Ca Va Suzuka Ogo\" \"Taisuke Yamamoto Asei Kobayashi\" \"Kanae Chieko Matsubara\" \"Producers Osamu Kubota Shinji Ogawa\" \"Supervisor Tsuguhiko Kadokawa\" \"Executive Producers Masao Teshima Takahito Kashino Yoshio Osawa Shinya Wazaki\" \"Shinichiro Inoue Hiroshi Omine Joo Sung KIM Akira Ishii\" \"Associate Producers Satoshi Fukushima Masayuki Tanishima Miyuki Tanaka\" \"Cinematography Takahiro Tsutai (J.S.C.)\" \"Art Designer Norihiro Isoda\" \"Lighting Yoshitake Hikita\" \"VE Manabu Sato\" \"Recordist Kazuharu Urata\" \"Editor Chieko Suzaki\" \"Assistant Director Hideaki Murakami\" \"Production Manager Yusuke Taguchi\" \"English Dialogues Michael Arias\" \"International Sales Seung yong YOON Eimi LEE\" \"English Subtitles Linda Hoaglund\" \"Music Producer Shin Yasui\" \"\"Gu Gu the Cat\" Film Committee Asmik Ace Entertainment, Inc.\" \"IMJ Entertainment Sumitomo Corporation WOWOW INC.\" \"", "KADOKAWA GROUP PUBLISHING CO.,LTD.\" \"", "MUSIC ON!\" \"", "TV INC.\" \"", "CJ Entertainment Cinema Investment Corporation\" \"Support Independent Film Fund\" \"Production Asmik Ace Entertainment, Inc.\" \"IMJ Entertainment\" \"In Association with FELLAH PICTURES\"" ]

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[ "Thousands of people have marched from the Creggan to the Bogside in the annual Bloody Sunday commemoration march in Derry/Londonderry.", "\n\nFigures dressed in paramilitary uniform are among those who have taken part in the march, marking the 47th anniversary since the shootings.", "\n\nThirteen unarmed civilians were shot dead by Paratroopers on Bloody Sunday during a Civil Rights demonstration.", "\n\nFourteen others were wounded, including one man who later died of his injuries.", "\n\nCredit: UTV Archive\n\nA murder investigation was launched by PSNI following the result of the Saville Inquiry, after the inquiry passed evidence papers to the Public Prosecution Service (PPS)\n\nThe PPS then informed the police there were grounds for prosecution and a full inquiry should follow.", "\n\nThe inquiry into Bloody Sunday unequivocally blamed the Army for the catastrophic events of January 30 1972.", "\n\nCredit: UTV Archive\n\nThe Saville Inquiry cost £195 million and was the longest-running and most expensive in British history.", "\n\nIt found:\n\nNone of the casualties posed a threat or did anything that justified their shooting\n\nNo warning had been given to any civilians before the soldiers opened fire\n\nNone of the soldiers fired in response to attacks by petrol bombers or stone throwers\n\nSome of those killed or injured were clearly fleeing or going to help those injured or dying\n\nMany of the soldiers lied about their actions\n\nCredit: UTV\n\nEarlier this week, it emerged one of those soldiers has passed away.", "\n\nAn evidence file on soldier N, a lieutenant in the Parachute Regiment at the time of the shootings, had been under consideration by prosecutors in Northern Ireland, with a decision on whether to pursue a criminal case due next month.", "\n\nDecisions on the other 17 soldiers - and two former members of the Official IRA who were also involved in Bloody Sunday - are still expected in late February.", "\n\nKate Nash, whose brother William was was shot dead on Rossville Street. ", "Credit: UTV\n\nThe sister of one victim, Kate Nash, said she was \"disappointed\".", "\n\n\"Obviously we are very disappointed because we want to see these soldiers in court,\" she said.", "\n\nHer brother Willam Nash was 19 when he was shot dead at a rubble barricade on Rossville Street.", "\n\nMs Nash warned against any unnecessary delays in pursuing the rest of the cases.", "\n\nShe added, \"Let's get things started and get things going, we have waited 47 years so it would be good to finally put this to rest.\"" ]

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[ "Pages\n\nAugust 15, 2009\n\nG116: Rangers 7, Red Sox 2\n\nPenny (5.2-8-4-4-6, 121) laboured through the first four innings, throwing 94 pitches. ", "Texas stranded seven runners and the Red Sox were fortunate to be down only 4-1.", "\n\nBoston's runs came on solo dongs from Jason Bay and Victor Martinez. ", "Jacoby Ellsbury singled, doubled and walked, and stole his 53rd base of the year.", "\n\nThe Rangers were eight-for-eight in stolen bases. ", "Julio Borbon stole four and Elvis Andrus stole three (including second and third on consecutive pitches in the fourth). ", "It was the 23rd time since 1954 that a team stole at least eight bases in a nine-inning game (the list).", "\n\nThe Rays were also eight-for-eight in steals against the Sox this year (May 3). ", "Penny started that game, as well. ", "Baserunners are 27-for-29 (93.1%) with him on the hill, the highest rate of any pitcher in baseball.", "\n\nHolland is a 22-year-old rookie left-hander who has both started and relieved this season. ", "In his last outing, he threw a complete game three-hit shutout against the Angels, on only 96 pitches.", "\n\nAlex Gonzalez will be with the team tonight; Chris Woodward was designated for assignment. ", "Terry Francona says he plans to split time between Gonzalez and Nick Green. ", "Jed Lowrie is eligible to come back from the disabled list on August 23.", "\n\nThe Globe's Adam Kilgore looks at some fielding metrics and presents evidence that Gonzalez has become merely average in the field since leaving Boston (age and injuries have taken their toll) and could actually be significantly worse in the field than Green.", "\n\nTim Wakefield starts today for Pawtucket and he will rejoin the Red Sox after that rehab outing. ", "Catcher George Kottaras will also begin his rehab and catch Wake. ", "Daisuke Matsuzaka threw all of his pitches in a 65-pitch session on Friday. ", "He will throw again on Monday.", "\n\nMy Sox's wins are nothing like the sun;Others wear far more red, than our Sox red:If vict'ry's joy, why then our wins aren't fun;If wins be wires, wired wins come from the dead.", "I had seen Sox hit with power and might,But no such Sox seen I these many weeks;And in some stadiums is there more delightThan in the jeers that from our fan base reeks.", "I love to hear them speak, yet well I knowThat the stats hath a far more pleasing sound:I grant I never saw a Williams go, Our OPS, fueled by walks, treads the ground:And yet by heaven, I think our wins as rare,As any Yanks belied with false compare.", "\n\n--------------------\n\nSeat21Row37Section42\n\nWe few, we happy few, we band of CorpsesFor he to-day that manages an RBI with meShall be my brother; be he ne'er so OldThis day shall harden his batAnd Woodward DFA'd now-a-learning to fucking buntShall think himself accurs'd he was not hereAnd hold his manhood cheap whiles any SoxThat win with us upon Saint Arnold's day!", "\n\n--------------------\n\nMyDaughterLovesTomGordon\n\nThe Nation hath happily received, Victor,The news of thy success; and when they readThy personal venture in the Sox' fight,Our wonders and our praises do contendWhich should be thine or his: silenced with that,In viewing o'er the rest o' the selfsame day,The Nation finds thee in the stout Soxian ranks,Nothing afeard of what thyself didst make,Strange images of game-winning doubles. ", "As thick as hailCame post with post; and every one did bearThy praises in Boston's great defence,And pour'd them down before us.", "\n\n--------------------\n\nRedkluzu\n\nOur game must not persuade that we are old,Although on aged ice Sir Brad and Mike do skate;For when in their time's furrows we behold,We search for how they must approach the plate.", "For all that frailty that doth cover fields,Missed strikes, missed hits, a range that feels like sin.", "We rest our spears on what the Rangers wieldAnd in all ways, beat Holland for the win.", "\n\nO, therefore, Ells and Drew, be oh so waryAnd may Kinght Gonzo's arm appear to chill the Rangers from their game of cheese so hairy, And Pedey keep our team from faring ill.", "Presume not Rookie when your pitching's hit;And Bullpen, prepareth not to give back a bit\n\n--------------------\n\nMeBeingMe\n\nSo far has been the month of our discontentMade worse last week by the MFYs of York;But last eve the misery of the bombs dropped on our staffBy men donning the garb of dastard fiends,Was tempered by the great Martinez’s bat;Our third starter’s on-base gaffe turned to a merry jestOur recent sorrows pushed aft for a day at leastOur Wild Card lead extended by a single game.", "Grim-vis’ged August hath abated just a bit;And now, stead of proclaiming all is lostTonight we sally forth to combat the Texas heat and nine,Our hearty Falstaff aims to take the ball, Yearning to sample the postgame spread;While the Ranger’s slugging HamiltonLooks toward the tavern with wenches scantily clad.", "Alas, dive thoughts, down to my soul; Here the bats come yet again.", "\n\nJust wanted to see if anyone here was trying verify Sweet Music's glove-tossing story. ", "I found the articles from after the game (8/21/92), and, other incorrect facts aside, he didn't throw the glove 20 rows up into the stands. ", "He just threw it. ", "And later changed gloves. ", "Butch Hobson said \"I thought he was going to throw it into the stands one time,\" which pretty much proves he did NOT throw it into the stands. ", "So, someone may \"still have that glove,\" but they, too, would be lying.", "\n\ni don't think he has a valid point. ", "what he is saying (baseball-wise) is exactly what the previous generation said about him, and the generation before that said about that generation. ", "same exact things.", "\n\nall they care about is money, they don't know how to play the game right (and don't much care), can't do basic things like bunt, never hang around to talk baseball but run off right after the game is over, ungrateful, self-centered ...\n\nit's all the same.", "\n\nty cobb has a great quote from 1925 ripping players then as compared to when he broke in." ]

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[ "Facebook | Google Plus\n\nCategories\n\nCategories\n\nArchives\n\nArchives\n\nPrince Harry’s Mini-Break In Croatia\n\nAugust 29th, 2011 admin\n\nPrince Harry had flown to Croatia for a mini-break with a group of friends on an EasyJet flight on Saturday.", "\n\nThe young royal arrived at the Veneranda nightclub and threw himself into the party spirit and into a swimming pool even without stopping to take off his clothes. ", "Prince Harry, who currently trains to become an Army Air Corps Apache pilot, will attend an awards ceremony in London on Wednesday." ]

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[ "A Collaborative Publication\n\nMenu\n\nApartment Building A by Christine Testa and Tracy Pumfrey\n\nOf all the buildings in the complex, ours was the best. ", "It wasn’t the newest, or even the cleanest – but everyone agreed that it was the friendliest. ", "Thanks to Bill.", "\n\nMy mom said that Bill was the heart of our building. ", "I liked the idea that our building had a heart. ", "It reminded me of a story my first grade teacher told about some boy named Jonah who lived inside the belly of a whale. ", "That was building A: a big, grey whale that we all lived inside of.", "\n\nBill was the Super for all three complexes, but he lived in building A, like mom and me. ", "He hung a notification board in our building’s mailroom. ", "Every week he posted congratulations: Adam got an A+ on his math test; the Burnabee’s are expecting their third, that sort of thing. ", "Before he left, my dad would admire Bill’s attention to detail. “", "Unbelievable the way that man obsesses over the littlest things,” he’d sigh, shaking his head as he read about our neigbours. ", "The little things seemed important and I vowed to notice them, too.", "\n\nBill ran a flea market downtown and once a month he hosted a sale on our building’s front lawn. ", "He lugged out boxes full of CDs, books and odd trinkets that were probably useless, but I wanted anyway. ", "We hadn’t missed a single lawn sale since dad left. ", "My mom spent a stupid amount of time sorting through the music, singing under her breath like a crazy person. ", "Bill’s started setting CD’s aside just for her.", "\n\nThe best thing about Bill – better than the notice board, or his lawn sales, even – was his parties. ", "Everyone in the building was invited. ", "There was always a big bowl full of cherry licorice and old-fashioned root beer, which I secretly hoped he kept just for me.", "\n\nBill lived just down the hall from us. ", "I watched our neighbours arrive at his door with their casserole dishes, or bottles of wine, and tried to wait patiently for my mom to finish getting ready. ", "She was sitting in front of her mirror, pinning up her hair and humming some Bruce Springsteen song. ", "My mom loved Bruce Springsteen. ", "She had every one of his CDs stacked on our bookshelf. ", "When my dad still lived with us, he surprised her with tickets to see him in concert; mom was so happy she nearly cried. ", "Dad made me promise not to tell her that he got the idea from Bill. ", "I kept the secret, but it probably didn’t matter anymore.", "\n\nA crowd had already gathered at Bill’s place by the time my mom had finished dressing. ", "I could hear music playing and people laughing as we walked through the open door. ", "I made a dash for the cherry licorice and was stuffing my face when Bill walked up.", "\n\n“I see you found the licorice, Jason. ", "A man who knows what he likes”.", "\n\n“It’s my favourite,” I mumbled, through a wad of cherry flavoured wax.", "\nBill nodded like I’d said something wise and shoved three whole sticks into his own mouth. ", "We stood there for a moment, chewing and smiling goofily at one another until my mom walked up.", "\n\n“Slow down Jason,” she said as she ruffled my hair. “", "You’ll make yourself sick if you keep eating like that.”", "\n\n“Nonsense,” Bill laughed. “", "He’s got to keep his energy up, with all that hockey he’s been playing.”", "\n\n“I almost scored twice last Tuesday, Bill. ", "And Coach said if I keep practicing he’ll let me start next month.”", "\n\n“That’s incredible Jason – I’m proud of you, but not surprised. ", "You have the look of a star.” ", "Bill smiled knowingly. ", "I felt like a star and suddenly wanted to give everybody at the party a high five. ", "I wished that I could call my dad and tell him about what Coach said. ", "My dad gave the best high fives of all.", "\n\nBill took my mom’s hand and whispered something into her ear before leading her to his old fashioned record player. ", "He pulled out an album and I heard my mom squeal with excitement. ", "The next song to play was an acoustic version of Born to Run. ", "My mom grabbed Bill and they began to dance.", "\n\nI watched them for a moment. ", "My mom looked happy. ", "Bill was holding her hand and spinning her around in circles. ", "She used to dance with me like that – spinning me ’till I thought I was going to puke. ", "My dad would never join in the dancing, but later he’d tell me that I was going to be a “lady killer” because women love a man that knows how to dance.", "\n\nJason the lady killer. ", "I imagined that announced on Bill’s notification board while I stuffed a handful of licorice into my pocket.", "\n\nI wondered if Gracie liked licorice, too? ", "Gracie sits beside me in math class and once, a couple of weeks ago, she snuck me half a cookie. ", "We stole bites whenever the teacher turned her back to write on the board. ", "Gracie makes these beaded bracelets during recess. ", "Sometimes when my friends are being boring, I like to watch her make them. ", "My stomach felt funny thinking about Gracie. ", "I put an extra piece of licorice in my pocket to give to her on Monday, and then left the snack table to wander around.", "\n\nBill keeps a big selection of colourful beer bottles out on the counter during his parties. ", "Everyone is invited to help themselves. ", "I snuck a couple of sips once. ", "I don’t get what the big deal is; I’d rather drink root beer. ", "Some of the bottles have really cool labels. ", "I spotted a box of empties under the table and crawled under to look through them. ", "My favourite had a lady in a bikini on it – she had blonde hair just like Gracie’s, only shorter. ", "My cheeks flushed when I thought of my mom finding me under a table, ogling girls on bottle labels. ", "I put the bottle away and, for good measure, hid the entire box under a big brown coat that was hanging over a nearby chair.", "\n\nI was in such a rush to get out from under the table and back into the party that I bumped into Mr. Hannigay. ", "He was looking through Bill’s stuff, too.", "\n\n“Would you look at this! ", "Jason, c’mere and look at these ol’ beauties.”", "\n\nMr. Hannigay was pouring over an album full of animation stills from old cartoons. ", "Bugs Bunny and Mickey Mouse and other stuff like that. ", "Mr. Hannigay used to work as an artist for some old show I’ve never seen. ", "Sometimes he’d draw pictures on lined paper for me. ", "I have a couple taped to my wall. ", "There’s one he drew where I’m playing hockey in space and I’m using the moon as my puck – that one’s my favourite.", "\n\n“I did that!” ", "He exclaimed, shaking his head in disbelief and pointing at the album. “", "This one right here, I drew that! ", "Back in ’57.”", "\n\n“You’ve discovered my secret hobby I see.” ", "Bill appeared, looking sheepish and holding out a pen. “", "I’ve been meaning to ask you, Mr. Hannigay, if you you’d sign the piece you drew? ", "It would mean the world to me.”", "\n\n“I had no idea Bill – I mean most of my drawings end up in the trash. ", "I had no idea that someone might think to… most people don’t appreciate this old stuff. ", "But Bill, you get it. ", "You really do.”", "\n\nI could tell Mr. Hannigay was really touched; his eyes got super wide and his mouth kept opening and closing without making a sound. ", "This was another one of those times where Bill dazzled with details.", "\n\nThat night, I heard at least three other people say it: Bill gets it. ", "When I went to bed that night, with a belly fully of cherry licorice and root beer, I had to agree.", "\n\nMy best friend, Andy, lived in apartment complex B. I hang out there a lot now that dad’s gone. ", "Andy’s mom lets us play mini sticks in the living room and drink chocolate milk on the couch.", "\n\nI was leaving Andy’s place, crossing the dark divide between apartment complexes and trying not to think of anything scary. ", "When I passed the dumpster I noticed something weird: a man in a big brown coat and black gloves, too warm for September, snooping through the garbage bins. ", "The man had his back to me; he was empting bags and making notes in a Hilroy notebook.", "\n\nCurious, I crept closer. ", "I stood in the shadow of building A and watched from around the corner as he rummaged. ", "An overhead light attached to the side of the building flickered. ", "He emptied a black trash bag, took a few notes, then threw its contents into a second dumpster. ", "He mumbled while he worked and I held my breath to listen closer. ", "Did his voice sound familiar?", "\n\nThe man moved to a second bag. ", "He untied it carefully and shook the contents around a few times before pulling out a handful of crumpled receipts\n\n“Kevin,” the voice said, “Pizza, more pizza, hmm scotch? ", "Islay’s, he like old ones, eh.”", "\n\nHis heavy brown coat twisted in the wind. ", "He reached for another bag. ", "When I heard my name, I froze. ", "For a moment, I thought I’d been caught spying. ", "Then, I noticed the man holding an empty box of my favourite breakfast cereal.", "\n\n“Jason isn’t recycling,” he said, as he wrote in his notebook and tossed the box into the recycling bin. ", "He reached back to the trash bag, I inched a little closer to the dumpster, careful to keep hidden in the shadows. ", "He pulled out a CD, my mom had thrown it out earlier this week. “", "Carol – damaged Fleetwood Mac – I can replace that.”", "\n\nI watched our garbage pass through the stranger’s gloved hands: old shampoo bottles; candy wrappers; then a card. ", "He opened it, read, and laughed softly. ", "My heart throbbed inside my ears, drowning out the hum of the building’s air conditioner. ", "That was my card. ", "That was for Gracie.", "\n\nGracie has this really pretty blonde hair that she always tucked behind her left ear. ", "She wears these earrings that look like buttons. ", "I wanted to tell her that I liked her button earrings. ", "I wrote her the card to tell her, but then worried she’d think it was stupid and threw it away. ", "I hid it deep in my wastebasket, under Kleenex and crumpled papers so that my mom wouldn’t see it. ", "Now, here was this strange man holding the card that I’d spent a whole hour making. ", "And he’d laughed.", "\n\nI spun around and ran. ", "I didn’t slow down until I’d run up five flights of stairs, down the hall, and to my front door. ", "I wished my dad were there; I wanted to ask him what to do. ", "If I told mom about the man and the garbage, she’d worry. ", "Plus, I’d have to tell her about the card. ", "I stood in the hall until I caught my breath, and then let myself in. ", "Mom was so tired from her “night out” that she didn’t notice a thing. ", "I went to bed without saying a word.", "\n\nIn the morning, I hoped I had dreamt the whole scene. ", "It seemed likely – what would a stranger want with our trash anyway?", "\n\nA couple of weeks later Bill held another sale on the building’s lawn. ", "I met my friend Andy there – we had about $4.00 between us and wanted to see if there was a good movie in Bill’s stockpile. ", "I wanted to get Akira, but Andy was daring me to get the Blue Lagoon because he heard you could see some girl without her top on in it. ", "I was embarrassed and kept telling him to be quiet because my mom was just a few feet away. ", "I didn’t want her to hear us talking about boobs. ", "Mom was asking Bill some question when he interrupted. “", "Carol (that’s my mom’s name), did you do something different with your hair? ", "It looks lovely.”", "\n\n“Oh yes! ", "How sweet of you to notice. ", "I had it cut just a couple days ago. ", "I’m not sure about it though – do you really like it?” ", "She patted her head self-consciously.", "\n\n“I love it. ", "It suits you very well. ", "It reminds me of Audrey Hepburn.”", "\n\nHe left my mom grinning and walked over to Andy and me. “", "And what are you two looking at here? ", "Akira or the Blue Lagoon? ", "I used to have a big crush on Brooke Shields in that one,” he laughed. “", "But I found that a real girlfriend is better than an imaginary one. ", "Do you know what the trick is to getting a girlfriend Jason?”", "\n\nMortified, I stared at my shoes, and I shook my head no.", "\n\n“They like it when you notice things; especially the little details. ", "There isn’t a girl in the world who wouldn’t want to be complimented on her hair, or even, say, her earrings for example.”", "\n\nMy cheeks burned with embarrassment but I kept my eyes nailed to the ground. ", "I thought about Gracie and her button earrings. ", "I thought about the card I’d written to her. ", "How carefully I’d drawn my letters, with my pencil gripped tight in my hand. ", "Right then, for the first time ever, I hated Bill. ", "Everyone thought he was so was great for noticing the little things, but in that moment, I suspected that everything he said was just trash.", "\n\nChristine Testa lives, writes and loves in Toronto, Ontario. ", "She graduated from the University of Western Ontario where she completed her tenure without ever wearing Ugg books, or Tiffany jewelry. ", "She speaks fluent geek, is not afraid of genre fiction, and is comfortable using the word cunt in every day conversation. ", "She wears plaid the way Liz Taylor wears diamonds and drinks scotch on weeknights. ", "You can frequently find Christine at music festivals with her husband, or fervently debating feminist politics at dinner parties.", "\n\nTracy Pumfrey lives in Toronto, Ontario with her cat. ", "It’s not a particularly nice cat, but there is an undeniable love-bond thing between them. ", "In addition to her cat, Tracy is a lover all things forlorn including Ali Smith, Joan Didion and wind chimes. ", "After graduating from the University of Western Ontario, Tracy pursued the art of hula hoop dance to no acclaim. ", "Only slightly lesser known is her public space intervention project, Phone Books, which converted city phone booths into free libraries. ", "Her cat has been somewhat supportive, and at times instrumental, to her work." ]

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[ "This is a classic tea culture tour promoted by Tourism Bureau of Xihu District, where the jewel of Hangzhou – West Lake and its many surrounding treasures are situated. ", "In this tour, you can do interesting things about tea, such as pick tea leaves, taste tea and know about the tea culture, and cycle on countryside paths among tea bushes.", "\n\nDay 1\n\nHangzhou\n\nIn the morning, pick tea leaves, taste tea and get to know the tea village, Shangchengdai. ", "Home to tea gardens of over 1000 mu (1 mu roughly equals 666 sq m) Shangchengdai Village is one of the largest production areas of Xihu Longjing tea leaves. ", "In the village not only can you sample the finest of brews but you can also visit the ecological tea gardens and Guangmingsi Reservoir which is located in the northwest of the village and also makes for an ideal spot to enjoy nature, go camping and fishing as well as lighting a BBQ or two.", "\n\nIn the afternoon, why not cycle in Longwu tea gardens to appreciate the unique scenery. ", "Hejia Village is home to the first standard mountain cycling race track in Hangzhou. ", "The route offers a unique cycling experience which is characterized by countryside paths circling around the village, mountains and forests, tea gardens and Guangmingsi Reservoir and is accompanied by picturesque scenery and fresher than fresh air.", "\n\nFinally head to Outer Tongwu Village which, having a strong artistic input is a national-level 3A agricultural scenic area and the perfect place to indulge in some culture.", "\n\nIf you are exhausted then choose to stay at any one of Longwu’s featured B&Bs.", "\n\nAfter the longest off-season in fishing in recorded history, on August 1st, after three long months, all types of fishing vessels set out to throw the first net to catch this season's fish and started bringing back fresh seafood to our dining tables. ", "To taste the freshest seafood, you should always travel to Zhejiang's coastal areas, but if traveling far is not an option, you can also try the following seafood restaurants which serve the freshest seafood fare in Hangzhou." ]

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[ "1. ", "Field of the Invention\nThe present invention relates to a method of operating a roll stand arrangement including one or more edging/roughing stands followed by a compact rolling group arranged transversely offset relative to the edging/roughing stands and connected to the edging/roughing stands through connecting roller conveyors and a transverse conveying unit. ", "The compact rolling group is composed of first and second universal stands or two-high stands and an intermediate edging stand arranged between the first and second stands. ", "In accordance with a predetermined cycle, preliminary sections arriving from a continuous casting plant are supplied directly without intermediate storage to the roll stand arrangement and are finish rolled successively in the compact rolling group into profiled rolled strands and are supplied, before or while the next following preliminary section enters the compact rolling group, to a cooling bed arranged laterally of the rolling line.", "\n2. ", "Description of the Related Art\nIn the known method described above, the cooling bed arranged following the compact rolling group has a conveying width which corresponds to the length of the finish rolled strand. ", "This arrangement makes it possible to continuously operate the roll stand arrangement in accordance with the cycle of the continuous casting plant if the output of the roll stand arrangement with respect to shaping the preliminary section into the finish rolled strand requires the same or a shorter period of time as is required by the continuous casting plant for producing a preliminary section.", "\nAs the cross-section and the weight per unit of length of the finish rolled strand are being reduced, the output per unit of time of the roll stand arrangement becomes smaller and, when a certain section size is reached, the output of the roll stand arrangement is no longer sufficient for processing the production of the continuous casting plant within the given cycle; it is then necessary to carry out a complicated intermediate storage of the preliminary sections produced by the continuous casting plant." ]

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[ "YouTube ha cambiato faccia proprio come Google aveva anticipato, l’app più utilizzata dai giovani e non solo, adesso mostra un’interfaccia grafica pulita, elegante, semplicissima ed anche intuitiva, soluzione praticamente perfetta per coloro che non conoscono molto il mondo virtuale. ", "Una delle funzioni più importanti riscontrate al momento è quella che permette di muovere i video con piccoli gesti e alla velocità che si preferisce.", "\n\nYouTube cambia colore\n\nOltretutto ovviamente si pensa anche alla bellezza e per essere sempre più elegante, non si poteva che colorare l’app di bianco, una tonalità dalla doppia utilità perchè permette anche di far spiccare i contenuti mettendoli in risalto molto di più rispetto qualsiasi altro colore. ", "E poi sono state aggiunte anche altre due voci ovvero Raccolta e Account che semplificano la ricerca di tutti i contenuti. ", "C’è da dire che l’app non rimarrà così per molto perchè Google ha intenzione di aggiungere nuove funzioni a breve con altri aggiornamenti. ", "Uno dei tanti implementerà la funzione che consentirà di passare da un video all’altro passando la mano sullo schermo verso sinistra. ", "In questo modo si potrà passare al video a seguire oppure andare su quello precedente in due secondi.", "\n\nYouTube cambiamenti in arrivo anche per la versione desktop\n\nYouTube cambia look anche per la versione desktop che come l’app, sarà fresca e intuitiva perfetta per dare maggior valore ai contenuti. ", "Unica differenza è che in questo caso, il colore scelto sarà scuro, per dare modo di vedere qualsiasi video in maniera comoda e senza problemi o disturbi visivi. ", "Insomma ne vedremo delle belle." ]

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[ "Break out your telescopes and scientific calculators! ", "Space Day was created by Lockheed Martin Corporation in 1997 to motivate the youth of America to study math and science. ", "This day was originally established as a one day event but because of overwhelming interest, Space Day became an annual event. ", "In 2001, former astronaut and Senator John Glenn expanded Space Day to International Space Day. ", "And ten years later, here we are with a round-up of geeky space-related stuff.", "\n\nAlmost exactly 50 years ago, on May 5, 1961, Alan Shepard was the first American (and second human after Yuri Gagarin’s orbit a few weeks prior) in space. ", "Letters of Note has a nice letter from Shepard to his parents announcing his consideration for NASA’s “Man in Space” program. ", "He says, “The entire program of space travel is a fascinating subject and I’m very pleased to be associated with it!” ", "And he calls his parents “Mother and Daddy,” which is way retro and sweet.", "\n\nThis week NASA announced that their Gravity Probe B has confirmed two predictions of Albert Einstein’s general theory of relativity, specifically space-time warping and frame-dragging. ", "This is a serious confirmation, with far-reaching implications for future astrophysics research.", "\n\nPrivate space travel has also been in the news recently, as Virgin Galactic has completed its first “feathered” flight of SpaceShipTwo, the world’s first commercial spacecraft. ", "If you’ve got a spare $200K lying about (perhaps in the sofa cushions?), ", "you can book a flight when the program goes live. ", "Don’t have that kind of cash? ", "That’s okay–deposits start at just $20,000.", "\n\nThe Eta Aquarids meteor shower started Wednesday, but you can still catch it in the wee hours and at dusk today and tomorrow; it is particularly spectacular in the Southern Hemisphere.", "\n\nFor truly impressive images from space, I recommend sifting through the /r/spaceporn subreddit. ", "Use them as wallpapers or print for DIY geek decor.", "\n\nDo you love Steampunk and space? ", "It’s not unlikely that some of you do, and you’re certainly not alone. ", "Check out the Great Wetherell Refractor, a massive, riveted, brass-clad, functional Victorian telescope. ", "Though the exterior is definitely a throw-back, the Wetherell uses modern electronic controls and coated optics.", "\n\nPersonally, I’ll probably spend the day watching Carl Sagan videos. ", "Here’s one of everyone’s favorite astrophysicist / astronomer / cosmologist / geek TV host with a message for humanity. (", "Clip is from Cosmos episode 8, “Journeys in Space and Time.”)", "\n\nIf “doing stuff” isn’t your thing, just play some free online space games or something. :)", "\n\n[sources: 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6] [images: 1, 2 ,3 , 4 ,5 ,6]" ]

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[ "Q:\n\nPrestashop 1.7 Dispatcher ContextErrorException\n\nI have error and have no idea form is this: \n(I move prestashop form one to another server, I check php version - is the same)\n\nA:\n\nBecause there is a warning before, the header containing the file type is already sent, then PHP cannot modify it.", "\nIt's actually not supposed to happen on that file ... You might check this one from the sources or disable warnings/strict PHP mode.", "\n\n" ]

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[ "Q:\n\nC++ Can a class pass itself by reference?", "\n\nTrying to pass a parent class object to a child class object so that the child class object has control over the parent class object's methods.", "\nThis is however resulting in header related issues.", "\nI've tried forward declaring one of the classes but it seems whatever class is declared first always has trouble reading from the class declared below.", "\nBoth errors refer to Device' constructor where try to call dm's hello world method, they are:\nUse of undefined type 'DeviceManager'\nLeft of '->HelloWorld' must point to class/struct/union/generic type\n\n...\n//main.cpp\n#include \"parent.h\"\n\nvoid main()\n{\n cout << \"Created DeviceManager\\n\";\n DeviceManager* deviceManager = 0;\n deviceManager = new DeviceManager;\n\n cout << \"Giving DeviceManager a device\\n\";\n deviceManager->p = new Device(deviceManager);\n\n cout << \"Giving Device a reference to DevicenManager\\n\";\n deviceManager->Share();\n}\n\n... \nclass DeviceManager;\nclass Device\n{\npublic:\n Device(DeviceManager* manager)\n {\n dm = 0;\n this->dm = manager;\n this->dm->HelloWorld();\n }\n\n DeviceManager* dm;\n};\n\n//device manager\nclass DeviceManager\n{\npublic:\n DeviceManager()\n {\n p = 0;\n }\n void HelloWorld()\n {\n //if this calls we know the child has control over the parent.", "\n cout << \"Hello World\";\n }\n\n Device* p;\n};\n\nA:\n\nYes.", "\nTo solve circular dependencies with class member and function declarations, you can forward-declare a class:\nclass A;\n\nclass B {\n A *a;\n};\n\nclass A {\n B *b;\n};\n\nTo define class member functions that access members of the other class, you must define the function after the other class has been defined:\nclass B;\n\nclass A {\npublic:\n void f(B &arg);\n};\n\nclass B {\npublic:\n void g(A &arg);\n};\n\nvoid A::f(B &arg) {\n arg.g(*this);\n}\n\nvoid B::g(A &arg) {\n arg.f(*this);\n}\n\nUsually, in a C++ project, you wouldn't even encounter this problem: You would put function definitions, i.e. implementations, into .cpp files, while putting the class definitions into header files. ", "Class forward declarations, if neccesary, could be put into their own header files that are included by all headers that need them.", "\nA full example of how you would split the above code into multiple files:\na.cpp\n#include \"a.h\"\n\n#include \"b.h\"\n\nvoid A::f(B &arg) {\n arg.g(*this);\n}\n\nb.cpp\n#include \"b.h\"\n\n#include \"a.h\"\n\nvoid B::g(A &arg) {\n arg.f(*this);\n}\n\na.h\n#ifndef _A_H_\n#define _A_H_\n\n#include \"forward_declarations.h\"\n\nclass A {\npublic:\n void f(B &arg);\n};\n\n#endif //_A_H_\n\nb.h\n#ifndef _B_H_\n#define _B_H_\n\n#include \"forward_declarations.h\"\n\nclass B {\npublic:\n void g(A &arg);\n};\n\n#endif //_B_H_\n\nforward_declarations.h\n#ifndef _FORWARD_DECLARATIONS_H_\n#define _FORWARD_DECLARATIONS_H_\n\nclass A;\nclass B;\n\n#endif //_FORWARD_DECLARATIONS_H_\n\nAs a general rule of thumb, if you need to forward-declare a class, you might have misdesigned something and should think about whether there is a better way (but there also are perfectly valid use cases that require class forward declarations).", "\nIf you don't understand my #ifndef, #define and #endif preprocessor lines: These are header guards, and should be used with all files that are included somewhere else, exception you know precisely what you're doing. ", "Believe me. ", "You'll regret ommiting one.", "\n\n" ]

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[ "Girls & Tattoos\n\nIn the last four to five years, the majority of American women who get a tattoo have been putting it in the same place: the small of their backs.", "\n\nThis type of tattoo is often referred to as a \"bumper sticker,\" a \"chick spot,\" a \"girl spot,\" a \"California license plate,\" or a \"tramp stamp.\" ", "The most popular designs for these tattoos are: butterflies, flowers, tribal designs and Chinese characters called kanji.", "\n\nTattoos are more prevalent now than they have been at any time in American history. ", "An estimated 39 million or one out of every seven people in North America has at least one tattoo, according to en.Wikipedia.org. ", "Once considered taboo because of their associations with criminality, tattoos have become a main stream trend.", "\n\nThroughout history tattoos have had a myriad of meanings for various cultures. ", "Some have had positive meaning and signified status and others had negative implications as they were used simply a means of identifying people.", "\n\nTattoos have signified social rank and rites of passage for Polynesians and for the Maori of New Zealand. ", "Capitan James Cook's expedition to Tahiti in 1769 and subsequent South Pacific voyages in the 1770s made tattoos popular among European sailors. ", "Wikipedia also states the word \"tattoo\" is traced back to the Tahitian word tatu or tatau, \"meaning to mark or strike.\" ", "Sailors had crucifixes tattooed on their backs to avert flogging as punishment.", "\n\nTattoos also indicated mob membership in the yazuka – the Japanese mafia and in the triad in Hong Kong. ", "Phaseloop.com, a web site dedicated to human rights for foreign prisoners, states from the 1960s – 1980s, 20-30 million Russian prisoners used tattoos as statements against authority. ", "Tattoos are still common in American prisons.", "\n\nPeople have also been tattooed against their will. ", "During the Holocaust the ka-tzetnik followed by a number was a means of identifying Jewish people in concentration camps.", "\n\nTara Wolfstar, 43, a registered nurse and the master tattoo artist at Enchanted Ink in Boulder, Colorado, said she first saw the lower back tattoo emerge in the early nineties, and it has grown in popularity exponentially. ", "The trend picked up in 2001 and is still going strong. ", "Well over half of her clients want their tattoo placed on the small of their backs. ", "Joe Martinez, 33, a tattooer at Bolder Ink, said that 70-80 percent of his female clients get their tattoo on their mid-lower back and attributes the location's popularity to the fashion of low-riding pants.", "\n\nToday, the lower back tattoo often has personal significance to the recipient. ", "Wolfstar added, a lot of women get a tattoo after a divorce; it can also be an age marker, among other symbols.", "\n\n\"It is art and it should have meaning. ", "I know what it means…I could care less if someone judges or stereotypes me,\" said student Stephanie Shucard, 24, who recently had her lower back tattooed with the Celtic symbol for the rowan tree in honor of her 2 ½-year-old son, Rowan. ", "The tattoo is an intricate design of interwoven branches with berries, representing the path of life. ", "She suffered for her art; describing the tattooing sensation as feeling \"like someone was taking a needle to a sunburn. ", "When it hit the bone I got a buzzing sensation up to the top of my neck.\"", "\n\nNo anesthesia is used for the procedure since it constricts skin cells and prevents the ink from setting into skin. ", "Martinez warned that torso areas are more painful than arms and legs. ", "Wolfstar said when a woman ovulates it is difficult to get the ink into the skin, when she is menstruating the pain is more intense.", "\n\n\"If you have tattoos you have to be ready to hear people comment on them,\" said Grace Larson, 23, who has tolerated some tactless remarks. ", "She went against the butterfly and flower tattoo majority by getting a traditional \"Sailor Jerry\" scull tattoo on her mid-lower back. ", "Sailor Jerry tattoos are a set of designs created by sailor and tattoo artist Norman Collins, which were especially popular among American sailors during the 1940s. ", "She likes the location of the tattoo because, \"It's kind of in a discreet spot. ", "You can see it if you bend over.\"", "\n\nShucard also said, \"Girls consider it a sex symbol. ", "It's considered more sexy to show more of your lower back.\"", "\n\nHidden or not, others such as librarian Jenny Gerke, 30, choose to keep their skin tattoo-free. ", "Gerke said that she could never get a tattoo because, \"Your tastes change over time. ", "What seemed really cool to me at 18…it's not the same things that are cool to me at 30.\"", "\n\nTwo men had mixed feelings on the trend. ", "Film studies student Daniel Ellis, 27, said, \"Body art can be rather tasteful and attractive regardless of placement,\" but added that in terms of a woman's physical appeal, \"I think it detracts; in the vast majority of cases it's not attractive.\" ", "Journalism graduate student Dana Query, 35, said, \"I have seen some that I think are attractive, but generally I'm not too crazy about them. ", "I've seen some that are too big or gaudy. ", "It's just a total turn off.\"", "\n\nThe price of a bumper sticker tattoo ranges from $65 to $600 depending on the tattoo parlor, the size of the tattoo, and the amount of detail and color. ", "Oftentimes tattoo subjects have to go for more than one sitting to have the detailing completed.", "\n\n\"It's a really stupid place to put a tattoo,\" said Wolfstar. ", "She elaborated, saying that part of the body goes through changes with pregnancy and age. ", "A woman's hips widen with pregnancy and with age it is common for fat to be deposited at the base of the spine. ", "Over years of normal development, a bumper sticker tattoo could take on a different shape than the one intended by the artist and the client. \"", "That's the thing working with a living canvas, it's all a crap shoot. ", "I would definitely not put one there on myself.\"", "\n\n17 Comments\n\nI have a tattoo on my lower back..they are not tramp stamps..its up 2 the person if they want it..mine is a pretty design..really nice and i do not regret gettin it one bit..so who agrees they are not tramp stamps??", "\n\nwell.. i have a so called 'tramp stamp\" and i must agree. ", "i dont regret it one bit. ", "i love it. ", "and if someone wants a tattoo their they shouldnt be labelled. ", "why is it yor concern about anyone eles's body i would be more concearned with your own. ", "some people just dont get the tattoo culture and thats fair enough but labelling people who do is just stupid.", "\n\ni have 3 tattoos and i am 18 years old i got my first one when i was 15 and i havent regreted it all my tattoos are there for a reason they all symbolize something big that happpened in my life and one of those tattoos is on my lower back and it is not tacky or distasteful at all.. all of those people who stereotype others that have a tattoo shouldn't because tattoos are just like makeup exept you have the guts to make it forever\n\nTattoos are art and they should all be admired as a piece of artwork no matter where they are placed\n\nI have a tattoo on the inner wrist of my starsign in a tribal sign I think it is very nice. ", "I dont really care what others think.. I'm not stupid enough to get names on my back as that is a bit silly, it may show you have alot of commintment for that person but is it really worth it? ", "Im getting a lower back tattoo and I dont think it is trashy it may be sexy but people need to get their head out of the gutter....:)\n\nI have to say that everyone has there own opinion. ", "There is no right or wrong. ", "Everyone has a choice if they want one or not, if they like it or not, and if it's good or bad. ", "I have 3 going on my fourth and yes there's been people who like it and some people who talk to me about there opinion with attitude as if i asked. ", "People need to understand that everyone has there own personality and their own reason to have tattoos and what it means to them. ", "All these names \"tramp stamp\" or \"chick spot\", those are names given by people who don't really understand tattoos or just think it's disgusting. ", "If the lower back has names for girls, then how about every other spot of their body? ", "naming it a tramp stamp and 5 other names is so dumb. ", "I don't think girls would get a tattoo on the lower back so they can have a name for it. ", "It's what they like and many tattoos have meaning. ", "And for most of the guys i've met, they always think that tattoos on the lower back are automatically easy girls; Sorry guys not always. ", "My family tell me that i'm such a beautiful girl and that why i have tattoos that it makes me look ugly. ", "I tell my family that \" if it makes me look ugly, then why do i have so many guys wanting me? ", "and i Love tattoo's!!\" ", "just to piss them off. ", "People will soon get over it. ", "I always have someone looking at me like if i'm an alien cause of my tattoo's, but i don't care i smile and blow a kiss. ", "Actually, i get some guys attentions with my tattoo on my ankle, so you never know. ", "i wonder what that tattoo on my ankle would be called since it attracted attention? ", "A \"tramp stamp\" too? ", "it's ridiculous. ", "It's not a big deal, but then agian no one in this world can mind their own damn buisness.", "\n\nI got a tattoo on my foot, about 3inches long, and now i desperatly want another one..i keep telling myself that my taste will change from now to when im about 60 and the tattoos are all wrinkled etc..but that wont stop me for some reason. ", "i will stop at 3 tattoos..because i believe having to many tattoos on a woman is a real turn off. ", "my next tattoo will be so called \"tramp stamp\" which i think it a bit unfair. ", "some tattoos may look tacky, but i have style, and know not to get anything that i will later regret in life! ", "For example, cartoon characters, simply pathetic in my opinon. ", "you watch them on tv..why not keep it that way?", "\n\nThis article doesnt mention the medical reasons why not to get a tattoo in this place.... The facts are that hospitals, in canada anyway will not give you an epiderral as there is a risk that ink can infect the spine..\n\nHaving to defend your tramp stamp says it all. ", "The reason you have so many guys \"wanting you\" is they think your easy, due to your advertisement. ", "Tattoos are the new belly rings for those that can't think on there own. ", "There are easier/cheaper/less permanent ways to look like a slut. ", "But go have fun and paint a target over your but for guys to shot there load on.", "\n\nI am about to get a full back done. ", "Tattoos have existed way before your great great grandparents's parents were even born. ", "I think about tattoo as a symbolism and expression. ", "For people who disgusts tattoos because they think of it as a tram stamp let them be. ", "Everybody has a preference. ", "I've had this lower back tattoo for years now and not regreting a single bit. ", "I am working on getting my full back done. ", "I'm getting a tiger because that symbolizes the year that I was born. ", "Granted indeed some sluts get tattoos for sex reasons but not everybody has the same reason of getting ink done. ", "And she's right. ", "It only depends on how you look at it so get your head out of the gutter.", "\n\nWell....I have a so called \"tramp stamp\". ", "I personally think that everyone has the freedom of choice. ", "I don't believe that this should mark me as a \"tramp\". ", "Whether I am one or not....doesn't matter. ", "I'm sure there are women out there who are married to good men, have children and have great careers and are the biggest in the closet whores. ", "So that's my take on it and if you (whoever) out there thinks otherwise....that's your choice.", "\n\nto respond to o few of the people who do NOT agree with lowerback tattoo's (FYI... thats what its called. ", "not a TRAMP STAMP) then why are u even looking at this site?? ", "If your not into tattoo's then why bother? ", "I have 2 tattoos. ", "and both of them have meaning to me. ", "And i haven't once received a negative comment. ", "I have a \"TRAMP STAMP\" and one on the back of my neck. ", "But does that make me a whore? ", "NO! ", "its an expression of oneself. ", "GET OVER IT! ", "don't like.. don't look at it.", "\n\nI have 5 tattoos, wrist, ankle, 2 armbands and a lower back. ", "3 of them are the same, and I also feel that tattoos are an expression of art that you have guts to put on your body and make permanent. ", "I really hate the fact that people label a lower back tatoo as a so called\"tramp stamp\" just because you choose to have one there. ", "Express your art and be yourself with it!", "\n\nI am 47 years old and just got my first tattoo. ", "A small lotus flower in the middle of my lower back. ", "I am a professional and cannot show body art or unusual piercings at work. ", "My husband is 54 and thinks the new addition to the old me is a turn on. ", "Even an old barn looks better with a little paint on it!" ]

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[ "Q:\n\nHow to get html elements from different class xpath?", "\n\nI know how to get a list of DIVs of the same css class e.g\n<div class=\"class1\">1</div>\n<div class=\"class1\">2</div>\n\nusing xpath //div[@class='class1']\nor \ndiv have multiple classes, e.g\n<div class=\"class1 class2\">1</div>\n\nusing xpath //div[contains(@class, 'class1') and contains(@class, 'class2')]\nBut how if div have different classes, e.g\n<div class=\"class1\">1</div> \n<div class=\"class2\">2</div>\n\nWhat will the xpath like then?", "\nThanks in advanced for help.", "\n\nA:\n\nYou could use this query: //div[contains(@class,'class1') or contains(@class, 'class2')]\nThis syntax would be better though: //div[class^='class'] if you want to grab all div tags that contain 'class' at the beginning of the class attribute.", "\n\n" ]

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[ "Microsoft is adopting technology from EMC's RSA security division for Windows to police data and prevent loss and theft of information.", "\n\nThe companies announced Thursday Microsoft will license RSA's data loss prevention (DLP) engine for future versions of Exchange Server, SharePoint Server, and \"similar\" products.", "\n\nMicrosoft would not be drawn on whether the DLP engine will be built into Office or the forthcoming Windows 7. ", "Office would be logical move given it features the Outlook client used by Exchange and is where potentially sensitive documents can be created in Word, Excel, and PowerPoint.", "\n\nNeither would Microsoft be drawn on when DLP engine will work with its client-side identity management system CardSpace or the Geneva authentication and authorization system, released to its first beta last month.", "\n\nWhat Microsoft was willing to say was RSA's DLP Suite 6.5 will be \"integrated tightly\" with its Active Directory rights management services (RMS) in Windows Server 2008 later this month.", "\n\nRSA's suite finds data and lets you monitor and control its use across networks and on devices.", "\n\nThe companies said they are working together so customers don't need to buy different rights management point products for use with \"infrastructure\" software, such as Windows.", "\n\nAlso, they want to make it easier for organizations to implement security according to domain instead of device - i.e. establish a security policy for use in healthcare or financial services instead of simply setting access rights according to the importance of a given database.", "\n\nIn licensing RSA's core engine, it seems Microsoft will rely on RSA's expertise in finding information and putting it in it's context. ", "The classification engine will identify information in file systems, databases, data centers, and devices and pass it on to Active Directory RMS. ", "Active Directory will then trigger enforcement - such as not allowing a person lacking access rights the ability to open or print a protected document. ", "®" ]

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[ "Mycophenolate mofetil ameliorates nephropathy in the obese Zucker rat.", "\nThe obese Zucker rat has metabolic condition resembling type II diabetes, including hyperlipidemia, obesity, insulin resistance, and hyperglycemia. ", "With advancing age, the obese Zucker rat develops glomerulosclerosis, proteinuria, and renal failure. ", "Since immune cells play a central role in the development of chronic renal injury, we evaluated the potential benefit of mycophenolate mofetil (MMF), alone and in combination with angiotensin receptor type 1 blockade (ARB) in the obese Zucker rat. ", "Thirteen-week-old male obese Zucker rats (fa/fa) were randomly assigned to four experimental groups (five rats each) that received the following treatments for 3 months: (1) losartan (100 mg/L in the drinking water), (2) MMF (20 mg/kg/day), (3) MMF and losartan, and (4) placebo. ", "Lean Zucker rats (N = 5) were included as normal controls. ", "Renal function, biochemical parameters, renal histology, and immunohistology were evaluated. ", "The placebo-treated obese Zucker rats exhibited proteinuria and significant glomerular and tubulointerstitial injury in association with renal immune cell infiltration. ", "Proteinuria, histologic damage, and renal immune cell infiltration were all reduced by MMF treatment alone or in combination with ARB. ", "The improvement of proteinuria and structural damage was more pronounced in the group that received the combination of MMF and losartan. ", "MMF treatment alone, and especially in combination with ARB, improves nephropathy in the obese Zucker rat." ]

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[ "Amazon Echo Dot is a hands-free, voice-controlled device that uses Alexa to play music, control smart home devices, provide information, read the news, set alarms and more\n\nConnects to speakers or headphones through Bluetooth or 3.5 mm stereo cable to play music from Amazon Music, Spotify and TuneIn. ", "Play music simultaneously across multiple Echo devices and speakers connected via cable with multi-room music (Available for Amazon Music and TuneIn. ", "Bluetooth not supported)\n\nCall or message anyone hands-free who also has an Echo device or the Alexa App. ", "Also, quickly connect to other Echo devices in your home using just your voice\n\nJust ask for a song, artist or genre from Amazon Music, Spotify, TuneIn and more. ", "With multi-room music, you can play music on Echo devices in different rooms, available for Amazon Music, TuneIn and Spotify (coming soon); Bluetooth not supported. ", "Echo can also play audiobooks, radio stations, news briefings and more.", "\n\nCall or message anyone hands-free who also has an Echo device or the Alexa App. ", "Also, quickly connect to other Echo devices in your home using just your voice.", "\n\nNew speaker with Dolby processing that fills the room with immersive, 360° omnidirectional audio, and delivers crisp vocals, deep bass, and clear highs at louder volumes.", "\n\nWith seven microphones, beam-forming technology and noise cancellation, Echo hears you from any direction-even while music is playing.", "\n\nJust ask Alexa to control your compatible smart lights, switches, TVs, thermostats and more\n\nAlexa is always getting smarter and adding new features and skills. ", "Just ask Alexa to request an Uber, order a pizza, get train times, and more.", "\n\nBuy any Echo device and TP-Link HS100 Smart Plug as a bundle, and get the TP-Link HS100 Plug for the special price of £9.99\nSee promotion\n\nAmazon Echo is a hands-free speaker you control with your voice. ", "Echo connects to the Alexa Voice Service to play music, answer questions, make calls, send and receive messages, provide information, news, sports scores, weather and more. ", "All you have to do is ask.", "\n\nEcho is also an expertly tuned speaker that can fill any room with immersive sound. ", "It has seven microphones and beam-forming technology so it can hear you from across the room – even while music is playing. ", "When you want to use Echo, just say the wake word, “Alexa”, and Echo lights up and responds to your request.", "\n\nThe 2nd generation Amazon Echo has a 2.5” downward-firing woofer and 0.6” tweeter powered by Dolby, delivering crisp vocals and dynamic bass throughout the room. ", "You can play music from Amazon Music, Spotify, TuneIn and more. ", "With Amazon Music, you can search by lyrics, time period or let Alexa pick the music for you. ", "Learn more\n\nWant to play music on an Echo in another room? ", "Now with multi-room music, you can tell Alexa to play across your Echo devices—available for Amazon Music, TuneIn and Spotify (coming soon); Bluetooth not supported. ", "Tell Alexa to play jazz in the kitchen, top pop in the living room, or play the same song downstairs. ", "Learn more\n\nUse Amazon Echo to switch on the lamp before getting out of bed, turn up the thermostat while reading in your favourite chair or dim the lights from the couch to watch a film—all without lifting a finger.", "\n\nWith Amazon Echo, you can easily talk hands-free to anyone who has a supported Echo device or the Alexa App—no tapping or searching required. ", "Additionally, you can send messages via voice or text to anyone with an Echo device or the Alexa App. ", "Alexa calling and messaging is available at no additional cost—to get started download the latest version of the Alexa App on a smart phone with iOS 9.0 or higher, or Android 5.0 or higher, and verify your mobile number. ", "Learn more\n\nWith the Drop In feature enabled for room-to-room calling, quickly connect with Echo devices in your home. ", "Let your household know when dinner is ready, ask someone for help with a chore or remind the kids to go to sleep—without having to raise your voice.", "\n\nTucked under the light ring is an array of seven microphones that use beam-forming technology and enhanced noise cancellation. ", "The 2nd-generation Amazon Echo has improved wake-word performance to hear you ask a question from any direction—even in noisy environments or while playing music at loud volumes.", "\n\nWhen you want to use Echo, simply say the wake word, “Alexa”, and Echo lights up and connects to the cloud, where the Alexa Voice Service recognises and responds to your request. ", "Learn more about voice recognition on Echo.", "\n\nAmazon Echo has thousands of skills and counting. ", "Skills add even more capabilities such as ordering a pizza from Domino's, requesting a ride from Uber, tracking your fitness with Fitbit, getting recipe suggestions from Recipedia, and more. ", "To enable new skills, just ask Alexa.", "\n\nNew skills are being added all the time. ", "You can also see ratings and reviews to learn what other customers are saying about the thousands of skills available in the Alexa App. ", "Discover and enable skills\n\nAlexa—the brain behind Amazon Echo—updates through the cloud automatically and is continually learning, adding new functionality and skills. ", "The more you use Echo, the more it adapts to your speech patterns, vocabulary and personal preferences.", "\n\n821 gActual size and weight may vary by configuration and manufacturing process\n\nWi-Fi Connectivity\n\nSupports 802.11 a/b/g/n. Does not support connecting to ad-hoc (or peer-to-peer) Wi-Fi networks.", "\n\nBluetooth Connectivity\n\nAdvanced Audio Distribution Profile (A2DP) support for audio streaming from your mobile device to Echo or from Echo to your Bluetooth speaker. ", "Audio/Video Remote Control Profile (AVRCP) for voice control of connected mobile devices. ", "Hands-free voice control is not supported for Mac OS X devices. ", "Bluetooth speakers requiring PIN codes are not supported.", "\n\nAudio\n\n2.5” woofer and 0.6” tweeter\n\nSystem Requirements\n\nThe Alexa App is compatible with Fire OS, Android and iOS devices and also accessible via your desktop browser. ", "Certain skills and services are subject to change, may not be available in all areas and may require separate subscriptions or other fees.", "\n\nWarranty and Service\n\nAmazon Echo (2nd Generation) is sold with a limited warranty of one year provided by the manufacturer. ", "If you are a consumer, the limited warranty is in addition to your consumer rights, and does not jeopardise these rights in any way. ", "This means you may still have additional rights at law even after the limited warranty has expired (for further information on your consumer rights, click here. ", "Use of Amazon Echo is subject to the terms found here." ]

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[ "Comparison of maxillary arch dimensional changes with passive and active self-ligation and conventional brackets in the permanent dentition: a multicenter, randomized controlled trial.", "\nThe purpose of this study was to compare maxillary arch dimensional and inclination changes during alignment with conventional brackets and self-ligation. ", "Ninety-six patients, ages 16 years and above, were included in this multicenter, 3-group parallel randomized trial. ", "The main outcome measures were changes in maxillary intercanine, interpremolar, and intermolar dimensions, and molar and incisor inclination changes. ", "The patients were randomly allocated in permuted blocks of 12 subjects into 3 equal groups with the allocations concealed in opaque sealed envelopes. ", "Each participant underwent alignment with a standard Damon Q (Ormco, Orange, Calif) wire sequence for a minimum of 34 weeks. ", "Blinding of clinicians and patients was not possible. ", "Data were analyzed on a per-protocol basis, since losses to follow-up were minimal. ", "Complete data were obtained from 87 subjects. ", "Bracket type had no significant effect on any of the transverse dimensional changes. ", "No difference in molar inclination was found between passive self-ligation and conventional brackets (0.67°; 95% CI, -2.24, 3.58; P = 0.65) or active self-ligation (0.91°; 95% CI, -1.95, 3.78; P = 0.53). ", "Similarly, incisor inclination changes with the Damon Q could not be differentiated from those developing with either conventional system (0.44°; 95% CI, -1.93, 2.8; P = 0.71) or In-Ovation C (-0.22°; 95% CI, -2.58, 2.14; P = 0.85). ", "No harms were encountered. ", "No difference in the arch dimensional or inclination changes during alignment can be expected between conventional brackets and either active or passive self-ligation." ]

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[ "Andreas Sprecher\n\nAndreas Sprecher (born 8 November 1944) is a Swiss former alpine skier who competed in the 1968 Winter Olympics and 1972 Winter Olympics.", "\n\nExternal links\n sports-reference.com\n\nCategory:1944 births\nCategory:Living people\nCategory:Swiss male alpine skiers\nCategory:Olympic alpine skiers of Switzerland\nCategory:Alpine skiers at the 1968 Winter Olympics\nCategory:Alpine skiers at the 1972 Winter Olympics" ]

{ "pile_set_name": "Wikipedia (en)" }

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[ "Introduction\n\nLet me give you a tour! ", "In the committed section you can see some of my more major projects. ", "In the staging section you can find some more minor project. ", "Under books you can find some books I like that may or may not be related to coding. ", "Enjoy your stay.", "\n\nWant to get in touch? ", "See the contact section." ]

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[ "Educating for Justice\n\n\"Solidarity is learned through contact rather than through concepts.", "\nWhen the heart is touched by direct contact, the mind may be challenged to change.\"", "\n-Peter- Hans Kolvenbach, SJ\n\nA generous gift from Robert McDonald, MD '55 has assisted faculty in educating their students to \"lead lives of solidarity, service, and success\" through innovative opportunities to work in kinship with the less served.", "\n\n2012+\n\nKathy Winterman Ed.", "D. (Education): Xavier students and residents of Redwood, a non-profit organization that guides children and adults with severe and multiple disabilities to achieve independence, created a community garden for year-round enjoyment.", "\n\nSharon Merrill, Ed.", "D. (Special Education) - Turning the two car garage into two classrooms and the old rectory into four classrooms allowed Xavier students to teach 31 elementary students from the Sir Clifford Campbell Primary School along with others in the classrooms at the Llandilo Special Education School of Hope in Savanna La Mar, Jamaica. ", "Students, ranging from 7 to 9 years of age, were not able to read, write or recognize the letters in their names. ", "After two weeks of teaching and the sharing of school supplies, Xavier undergraduate and graduate students were able to provide the foundation of reading readiness of their names and initial decoding skills for basic vocabulary words while instilling a basic foundation of self-value and self-discipline.", "\n\nRabbi Abie Ingber (Interfaith Community Engagement) - Xavier students, along with medical professionals from the greater Cincinnati region, served the village of Patanatik in the Solola Lake mountain region of Guatemala during the winter break in 2013 and spring break in 2014. ", "The Interfaith Medical Mission team saw hundreds of people in a clinic and home visits. ", "Following the trip, students committed to volunteer at least twenty hours at a free clinic.", "\n\nVictoria Zascavage, Ph.D. (Education) - Good nutrition is imperative for the proper development of the human body. ", "Teaching children about nutrition assists them in developing healthy habits into adulthood. ", "A group of students in Xavier's Human Development and Learning (EDFD 110) class interacted with second graders at Williams Elementary School in Norwood providing a learning opportunity on food, including the importance of breakfast, the proper amount of fats and sugars to consume, growing foods and a vegetable tasting.", "\n\nKathy Winterman, EdD (Education) - Personal hygiene is an important issue for adolescents and can greatly affect their self-esteem. ", "For many low-income families, personal hygiene products are a low priority. ", "Providing 15 special education students at Bethel Tate Middle School with hygiene education and Body and Mind Connection (BAM) Boxes filled with hygiene supplies, will help improve their self-esteem, health, acceptance by their peers and society, and employability upon graduation from high school.", "\n\nNancy Bertaux, Ph.D. (Economics) - As part of the Natural Resource Economics course, a group of students served Findley Market Farms in Over-the-Rhine to learn, first-hand, about the food needs of the local community and growing techniques in the region.", "\n\nMolly Robertshaw (Dorothy Day Center for Faith and Justice) - Expansion of the NEXUS [Norwood, Evanston, Xavier University] Community Garden plots enable greater student-community interaction and production for donation to St. Andrew's Food Pantry and the Norwood Service League.", "\n\nMichael Goldweber, PhD (Math/Computer Science) - Students in Computer Science volunteer their skills to understand the vast opportunities for socially responsible computing in a local elementary school.", "\n\n2010-11Gail Hurst, PhD (Criminal Justice) - Recognizing that the first step in becoming a good steward of God's creation is preserving nature, the Criminal Justice Club used \"Earth Day Groceries Project\" to promote social justice by pairing Xavier students with elementary students in Norwood to promote recycling, love of the land and nature, and conversation of energy on Earth Day, April 22, 2011.", "\n\nGinger McKenzie, EdD (Montessori Education) - graduate students in Education incorporated a gardening and food component, including the development of a garden, into a summer program in a local elementary school. ", "The curriculum extended into the lunch hour with nutritious fruits and vegetables provided. ", "See details here.", "\n\nStephen Yandell, PhD (English) - students in English 205 \"Mass Consumption\" read a number of novels with a focus on consumerism and greed (Death of a Salesman, Arthur Miller, Glengarry Glen Ross, David Mamet, In Cold Blood, Truman Capote, Rhinoceros and Other Plays, Eugene Ionesco, Suddenly Last Summer, Tennessee Williams). ", "Moreover, faculty, staff, students and some campus neighbors of United Cerebral Palsy engaged in a campus community art project creating banners of the Gifts of Our Ignatian Heritage. ", "A description of the project by the artist can be read here and a video on the making of the banners here." ]

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[ "Q:\n\nSimulate AVLayerVideoGravityResizeAspectFill: crop and center video to mimic preview without losing sharpness\n\nBased on this SO post, the code below rotates, centers, and crops a video captured live by the user.", "\nThe capture session uses AVCaptureSessionPresetHigh for the preset value, and the preview layer uses AVLayerVideoGravityResizeAspectFill for video gravity. ", "This preview is extremely sharp.", "\nThe exported video, however, is not as sharp, ostensibly because scaling from the 1920x1080 resolution for the back camera on the 5S to 320x568 (target size for the exported video) introduces fuzziness from throwing away pixels?", "\nAssuming there is no way to scale from 1920x1080 to 320x568 without some fuzziness, the question becomes: how to mimic the sharpness of the preview layer?", "\nSomehow Apple is using an algorithm to convert a 1920x1080 video into a crisp-looking preview frame of 320x568.", "\nIs there a way to mimic this with either AVAssetWriter or AVAssetExportSession?", "\nfunc cropVideo() {\n // Set start time\n let startTime = NSDate().timeIntervalSince1970\n\n // Create main composition & its tracks\n let mainComposition = AVMutableComposition()\n let compositionVideoTrack = mainComposition.addMutableTrackWithMediaType(AVMediaTypeVideo, preferredTrackID: CMPersistentTrackID(kCMPersistentTrackID_Invalid))\n let compositionAudioTrack = mainComposition.addMutableTrackWithMediaType(AVMediaTypeAudio, preferredTrackID: CMPersistentTrackID(kCMPersistentTrackID_Invalid))\n\n // Get source video & audio tracks\n let videoPath = getFilePath(curSlice!.getCaptureURL())\n let videoURL = NSURL(fileURLWithPath: videoPath)\n let videoAsset = AVURLAsset(URL: videoURL, options: nil)\n let sourceVideoTrack = videoAsset.tracksWithMediaType(AVMediaTypeVideo)[0]\n let sourceAudioTrack = videoAsset.tracksWithMediaType(AVMediaTypeAudio)[0]\n let videoSize = sourceVideoTrack.naturalSize\n\n // Get rounded time for video\n let roundedDur = floor(curSlice!.getDur() * 100) / 100\n let videoDur = CMTimeMakeWithSeconds(roundedDur, 100)\n\n // Add source tracks to composition\n do {\n try compositionVideoTrack.insertTimeRange(CMTimeRangeMake(kCMTimeZero, videoDur), ofTrack: sourceVideoTrack, atTime: kCMTimeZero)\n try compositionAudioTrack.insertTimeRange(CMTimeRangeMake(kCMTimeZero, videoDur), ofTrack: sourceAudioTrack, atTime: kCMTimeZero)\n } catch {\n print(\"Error with insertTimeRange while exporting video: \\(error)\")\n }\n\n // Create video composition\n // -- Set video frame\n let outputSize = view.bounds.size\n let videoComposition = AVMutableVideoComposition()\n print(\"Video composition duration: \\(CMTimeGetSeconds(mainComposition.duration))\")\n\n // -- Set parent layer\n let parentLayer = CALayer()\n parentLayer.frame = CGRectMake(0, 0, outputSize.width, outputSize.height)\n parentLayer.contentsGravity = kCAGravityResizeAspectFill\n\n // -- Set composition props\n videoComposition.renderSize = CGSize(width: outputSize.width, height: outputSize.height)\n videoComposition.frameDuration = CMTimeMake(1, Int32(frameRate))\n\n // -- Create video composition instruction\n let instruction = AVMutableVideoCompositionInstruction()\n instruction.timeRange = CMTimeRangeMake(kCMTimeZero, videoDur)\n\n // -- Use layer instruction to match video to output size, mimicking AVLayerVideoGravityResizeAspectFill\n let videoLayerInstruction = AVMutableVideoCompositionLayerInstruction(assetTrack: compositionVideoTrack)\n let videoTransform = getResizeAspectFillTransform(videoSize, outputSize: outputSize)\n videoLayerInstruction.setTransform(videoTransform, atTime: kCMTimeZero)\n\n // -- Add layer instruction\n instruction.layerInstructions = [videoLayerInstruction]\n videoComposition.instructions = [instruction]\n\n // -- Create video layer\n let videoLayer = CALayer()\n videoLayer.frame = parentLayer.frame\n\n // -- Add sublayers to parent layer\n parentLayer.addSublayer(videoLayer)\n\n // -- Set animation tool\n videoComposition.animationTool = AVVideoCompositionCoreAnimationTool(postProcessingAsVideoLayer: videoLayer, inLayer: parentLayer)\n\n // Create exporter\n let outputURL = getFilePath(getUniqueFilename(gMP4File))\n let exporter = AVAssetExportSession(asset: mainComposition, presetName: AVAssetExportPresetHighestQuality)!", "\n exporter.outputURL = NSURL(fileURLWithPath: outputURL)\n exporter.outputFileType = AVFileTypeMPEG4\n exporter.videoComposition = videoComposition\n exporter.shouldOptimizeForNetworkUse = true\n exporter.canPerformMultiplePassesOverSourceMediaData = true\n\n // Export to video\n exporter.exportAsynchronouslyWithCompletionHandler({\n // Log status\n let asset = AVAsset(URL: exporter.outputURL!)", "\n print(\"Exported slice video. ", "Tracks: \\(asset.tracks.count). ", "Duration: \\(CMTimeGetSeconds(asset.duration)). ", "Size: \\(exporter.estimatedOutputFileLength). ", "Status: \\(getExportStatus(exporter)). ", "Output URL: \\(exporter.outputURL!). ", "Export time: \\( NSDate().timeIntervalSince1970 - startTime).\")", "\n\n // Tell delegate\n //delegate.didEndExport(exporter)\n self.curSlice!.setOutputURL(exporter.outputURL!.lastPathComponent!)", "\n gUser.save()\n })\n}\n\n// Returns transform, mimicking AVLayerVideoGravityResizeAspectFill, that converts video of <inputSize> to one of <outputSize>\nprivate func getResizeAspectFillTransform(videoSize: CGSize, outputSize: CGSize) -> CGAffineTransform {\n // Compute ratios between video & output sizes\n let widthRatio = outputSize.width / videoSize.width\n let heightRatio = outputSize.height / videoSize.height\n\n // Set scale to larger of two ratios since goal is to fill output bounds\n let scale = widthRatio >= heightRatio ? ", "widthRatio : heightRatio\n\n // Compute video size after scaling\n let newWidth = videoSize.width * scale\n let newHeight = videoSize.height * scale\n\n // Compute translation required to center image after scaling\n // -- Assumes CoreAnimationTool places video frame at (0, 0). ", "Because scale transform is applied first, we must adjust\n // each translation point by scale factor.", "\n let translateX = (outputSize.width - newWidth) / 2 / scale\n let translateY = (outputSize.height - newHeight) / 2 / scale\n\n // Set transform to resize video while retaining aspect ratio\n let resizeTransform = CGAffineTransformMakeScale(scale, scale)\n\n // Apply translation & create final transform\n let finalTransform = CGAffineTransformTranslate(resizeTransform, translateX, translateY)\n\n // Return final transform\n return finalTransform\n}\n\n320x568 video taken with Tim's code:\n\n640x1136 video taken with Tim's code:\n\nA:\n\nTry this. ", "Start a new Single View project in Swift, replace the ViewController with this code and you should be good to go!", "\nI've set up a previewLayer which is a different size from the output, change it at the top of the file.", "\nI added some basic orientation support. ", "Outputs slightly different sizes for Landscape Vs. ", "Portrait. ", " You can specify whatever video size dimensions you like in here and it should work fine.", "\nCheckout the videoSettings dictionary (line 278ish) for the codec and sizes of the output file. ", " You can also add other settings in here to deal with keyFrameIntervals etc. ", "to tweak outputsize.", "\nI added a recording image to show when it's recording (Tap starts, tap ends), you'll need to add some asset into Assets.xcassets called recording (or comment out that line 106 where it trys to load it).", "\nThat's pretty much it. ", "Good luck! ", "\nOh, it's dumping the video into a project directory, you'll need to go to Window / Devices and download the Container to see the video easily. ", " In the TODO there's a section where you could hook in and copy the file to the PhotoLibrary (makes testing WAY easier).", "\nimport UIKit\nimport AVFoundation\n\nclass ViewController: UIViewController, AVCaptureVideoDataOutputSampleBufferDelegate, AVCaptureAudioDataOutputSampleBufferDelegate {\n\nlet CAPTURE_SIZE_LANDSCAPE: CGSize = CGSizeMake(1280, 720)\nlet CAPTURE_SIZE_PORTRAIT: CGSize = CGSizeMake(720, 1280)\n\nvar recordingImage : UIImageView = UIImageView()\n\nvar previewLayer : AVCaptureVideoPreviewLayer?", "\n\nvar audioQueue : dispatch_queue_t?", "\nvar videoQueue : dispatch_queue_t?", "\n\nlet captureSession = AVCaptureSession()\nvar assetWriter : AVAssetWriter?", "\nvar assetWriterInputCamera : AVAssetWriterInput?", "\nvar assetWriterInputAudio : AVAssetWriterInput?", "\nvar outputConnection: AVCaptureConnection?", "\n\nvar captureDeviceBack : AVCaptureDevice?", "\nvar captureDeviceFront : AVCaptureDevice?", "\nvar captureDeviceMic : AVCaptureDevice?", "\nvar sessionSetupDone: Bool = false\n\nvar isRecordingStarted = false\n//var recordingStartedTime = kCMTimeZero\nvar videoOutputURL : NSURL?", "\n\nvar captureSize: CGSize = CGSizeMake(1280, 720)\nvar previewFrame: CGRect = CGRectMake(0, 0, 180, 360)\n\nvar captureDeviceTrigger = true\nvar captureDevice: AVCaptureDevice? {", "\n get {\n return captureDeviceTrigger ? ", "captureDeviceFront : captureDeviceBack\n }\n}\n\noverride func supportedInterfaceOrientations() -> UIInterfaceOrientationMask {\n return UIInterfaceOrientationMask.", "AllButUpsideDown\n}\n\noverride func shouldAutorotate() -> Bool {\n if isRecordingStarted {\n return false\n }\n\n if UIDevice.currentDevice().orientation == UIDeviceOrientation.", "PortraitUpsideDown {\n return false\n }\n\n if let cameraPreview = self.previewLayer {\n if let connection = cameraPreview.connection {\n if connection.supportsVideoOrientation {\n switch UIDevice.currentDevice().orientation {\n case .LandscapeLeft:\n connection.videoOrientation = .LandscapeRight\n case .LandscapeRight:\n connection.videoOrientation = .LandscapeLeft\n case .Portrait:\n connection.videoOrientation = .Portrait\n case .FaceUp:\n return false\n case .FaceDown:\n return false\n default:\n break\n }\n }\n }\n }\n\n return true\n}\n\noverride func viewDidLoad() {\n super.viewDidLoad()\n\n setupViewControls()\n\n //self.recordingStartedTime = kCMTimeZero\n\n // Setup capture session related logic\n videoQueue = dispatch_queue_create(\"video_write_queue\", DISPATCH_QUEUE_SERIAL)\n audioQueue = dispatch_queue_create(\"audio_write_queue\", DISPATCH_QUEUE_SERIAL)\n\n setupCaptureDevices()\n pre_start()\n}\n\n//MARK: UI methods\nfunc setupViewControls() {\n\n // TODO: I have an image (red circle) in an Assets.xcassets. ", "Replace the following with your own image\n recordingImage.frame = CGRect(x: 0, y: 0, width: 50, height: 50)\n recordingImage.image = UIImage(named: \"recording\")\n recordingImage.hidden = true\n self.view.addSubview(recordingImage)\n\n // Setup tap to record and stop\n let tapGesture = UITapGestureRecognizer(target: self, action: \"didGetTapped:\")\n tapGesture.numberOfTapsRequired = 1\n self.view.addGestureRecognizer(tapGesture)\n\n}\n\nfunc didGetTapped(selector: UITapGestureRecognizer) {\n if self.isRecordingStarted {\n self.view.gestureRecognizers![0].enabled = false\n recordingImage.hidden = true\n\n self.stopRecording()\n } else {\n recordingImage.hidden = false\n self.startRecording()\n }\n\n self.isRecordingStarted = !", "self.isRecordingStarted\n}\n\nfunc switchCamera(selector: UIButton) {\n self.captureDeviceTrigger = !", "self.captureDeviceTrigger\n\n pre_start()\n}\n\n//MARK: Video logic\nfunc setupCaptureDevices() {\n let devices = AVCaptureDevice.devices()\n\n for device in devices {\n if device.hasMediaType(AVMediaTypeVideo) {\n if device.position == AVCaptureDevicePosition.", "Front {\n captureDeviceFront = device as? ", "AVCaptureDevice\n NSLog(\"Video Controller: Setup. ", "Front camera is found\")\n }\n if device.position == AVCaptureDevicePosition.", "Back {\n captureDeviceBack = device as? ", "AVCaptureDevice\n NSLog(\"Video Controller: Setup. ", "Back camera is found\")\n }\n }\n\n if device.hasMediaType(AVMediaTypeAudio) {\n captureDeviceMic = device as? ", "AVCaptureDevice\n NSLog(\"Video Controller: Setup. ", "Audio device is found\")\n }\n }\n}\n\nfunc alertPermission() {\n let permissionAlert = UIAlertController(title: \"No Permission\", message: \"Please allow access to Camera and Microphone\", preferredStyle: UIAlertControllerStyle.", "Alert)\n permissionAlert.addAction(UIAlertAction(title: \"Go to settings\", style: .Default, handler: { (action: UIAlertAction!) ", "in\n print(\"Video Controller: Permission for camera/mic denied. ", "Going to settings\")\n UIApplication.sharedApplication().openURL(NSURL(string: UIApplicationOpenSettingsURLString)!)", "\n print(UIApplicationOpenSettingsURLString)\n }))\n presentViewController(permissionAlert, animated: true, completion: nil)\n}\n\nfunc pre_start() {\n NSLog(\"Video Controller: pre_start\")\n let videoPermission = AVCaptureDevice.authorizationStatusForMediaType(AVMediaTypeVideo)\n let audioPermission = AVCaptureDevice.authorizationStatusForMediaType(AVMediaTypeAudio)\n if (videoPermission == AVAuthorizationStatus.", "Denied) || (audioPermission == AVAuthorizationStatus.", "Denied) {\n self.alertPermission()\n pre_start()\n return\n }\n\n if (videoPermission == AVAuthorizationStatus.", "Authorized) {\n self.start()\n return\n }\n\n AVCaptureDevice.requestAccessForMediaType(AVMediaTypeVideo, completionHandler: { (granted :Bool) -> Void in\n self.pre_start()\n })\n}\n\nfunc start() {\n NSLog(\"Video Controller: start\")\n if captureSession.running {\n captureSession.beginConfiguration()\n\n if let currentInput = captureSession.inputs[0] as? ", "AVCaptureInput {\n captureSession.removeInput(currentInput)\n }\n\n do {\n try captureSession.addInput(AVCaptureDeviceInput(device: captureDevice))\n } catch {\n print(\"Video Controller: begin session. ", "Error adding video input device\")\n }\n\n captureSession.commitConfiguration()\n return\n }\n\n do {\n try captureSession.addInput(AVCaptureDeviceInput(device: captureDevice))\n try captureSession.addInput(AVCaptureDeviceInput(device: captureDeviceMic))\n } catch {\n print(\"Video Controller: start. ", "error adding device: \\(error)\")\n }\n\n if let layer = AVCaptureVideoPreviewLayer(session: captureSession) {\n self.previewLayer = layer\n layer.videoGravity = AVLayerVideoGravityResizeAspect\n\n if let layerConnection = layer.connection {\n if UIDevice.currentDevice().orientation == .LandscapeRight {\n layerConnection.videoOrientation = AVCaptureVideoOrientation.", "LandscapeLeft\n } else if UIDevice.currentDevice().orientation == .LandscapeLeft {\n layerConnection.videoOrientation = AVCaptureVideoOrientation.", "LandscapeRight\n } else if UIDevice.currentDevice().orientation == .Portrait {\n layerConnection.videoOrientation = AVCaptureVideoOrientation.", "Portrait\n }\n }\n\n // TODO: Set the output size of the Preview Layer here\n layer.frame = previewFrame\n self.view.layer.insertSublayer(layer, atIndex: 0)\n\n }\n\n let bufferVideoQueue = dispatch_queue_create(\"sample buffer delegate\", DISPATCH_QUEUE_SERIAL)\n let videoOutput = AVCaptureVideoDataOutput()\n videoOutput.setSampleBufferDelegate(self, queue: bufferVideoQueue)\n captureSession.addOutput(videoOutput)\n if let connection = videoOutput.connectionWithMediaType(AVMediaTypeVideo) {\n self.outputConnection = connection\n }\n\n let bufferAudioQueue = dispatch_queue_create(\"audio buffer delegate\", DISPATCH_QUEUE_SERIAL)\n let audioOutput = AVCaptureAudioDataOutput()\n audioOutput.setSampleBufferDelegate(self, queue: bufferAudioQueue)\n captureSession.addOutput(audioOutput)\n\n captureSession.startRunning()\n}\n\nfunc getAssetWriter() -> AVAssetWriter? {", "\n NSLog(\"Video Controller: getAssetWriter\")\n let fileManager = NSFileManager.defaultManager()\n let urls = fileManager.", "URLsForDirectory(.DocumentDirectory, inDomains: .UserDomainMask)\n guard let documentDirectory: NSURL = urls.first else {\n print(\"Video Controller: getAssetWriter: documentDir Error\")\n return nil\n }\n\n let local_video_name = NSUUID().UUIDString + \".mp4\"\n self.videoOutputURL = documentDirectory.", "URLByAppendingPathComponent(local_video_name)\n\n guard let url = self.videoOutputURL else {\n return nil\n }\n\n self.assetWriter = try? ", "AVAssetWriter(URL: url, fileType: AVFileTypeMPEG4)\n\n guard let writer = self.assetWriter else {\n return nil\n }\n\n let videoSettings: [String : AnyObject] = [\n AVVideoCodecKey : AVVideoCodecH264,\n AVVideoWidthKey : captureSize.width,\n AVVideoHeightKey : captureSize.height,\n ]\n\n assetWriterInputCamera = AVAssetWriterInput(mediaType: AVMediaTypeVideo, outputSettings: videoSettings)\n assetWriterInputCamera?.expectsMediaDataInRealTime = true\n writer.addInput(assetWriterInputCamera!)", "\n\n let audioSettings : [String : AnyObject] = [\n AVFormatIDKey : NSInteger(kAudioFormatMPEG4AAC),\n AVNumberOfChannelsKey : 2,\n AVSampleRateKey : NSNumber(double: 44100.0)\n ]\n\n assetWriterInputAudio = AVAssetWriterInput(mediaType: AVMediaTypeAudio, outputSettings: audioSettings)\n assetWriterInputAudio?.expectsMediaDataInRealTime = true\n writer.addInput(assetWriterInputAudio!)", "\n\n return writer\n}\n\nfunc configurePreset() {\n NSLog(\"Video Controller: configurePreset\")\n if captureSession.canSetSessionPreset(AVCaptureSessionPreset1280x720) {\n captureSession.sessionPreset = AVCaptureSessionPreset1280x720\n } else {\n captureSession.sessionPreset = AVCaptureSessionPreset1920x1080\n }\n}\n\nfunc startRecording() {\n NSLog(\"Video Controller: Start recording\")\n\n captureSize = UIDeviceOrientationIsLandscape(UIDevice.currentDevice().orientation) ? ", "CAPTURE_SIZE_LANDSCAPE : CAPTURE_SIZE_PORTRAIT\n\n if let connection = self.outputConnection {\n\n if connection.supportsVideoOrientation {\n\n if UIDevice.currentDevice().orientation == .LandscapeRight {\n connection.videoOrientation = AVCaptureVideoOrientation.", "LandscapeLeft\n NSLog(\"orientation: right\")\n } else if UIDevice.currentDevice().orientation == .LandscapeLeft {\n connection.videoOrientation = AVCaptureVideoOrientation.", "LandscapeRight\n NSLog(\"orientation: left\")\n } else {\n connection.videoOrientation = AVCaptureVideoOrientation.", "Portrait\n NSLog(\"orientation: portrait\")\n }\n }\n }\n\n if let writer = getAssetWriter() {\n self.assetWriter = writer\n\n let recordingClock = self.captureSession.masterClock\n writer.startWriting()\n writer.startSessionAtSourceTime(CMClockGetTime(recordingClock))\n }\n\n}\n\nfunc stopRecording() {\n NSLog(\"Video Controller: Stop recording\")\n\n if let writer = self.assetWriter {\n writer.finishWritingWithCompletionHandler{Void in\n print(\"Recording finished\")\n // TODO: Handle the video file, copy it from the temp directory etc.", "\n }\n }\n}\n\n//MARK: Implementation for AVCaptureVideoDataOutputSampleBufferDelegate, AVCaptureAudioDataOutputSampleBufferDelegate\nfunc captureOutput(captureOutput: AVCaptureOutput!, ", "didOutputSampleBuffer sampleBuffer: CMSampleBuffer!, ", "fromConnection connection: AVCaptureConnection!) {", "\n\n if !", "self.isRecordingStarted {\n return\n }\n\n if let audio = self.assetWriterInputAudio where connection.audioChannels.count > 0 && audio.readyForMoreMediaData {\n\n dispatch_async(audioQueue!) {", "\n audio.appendSampleBuffer(sampleBuffer)\n }\n return\n }\n\n if let camera = self.assetWriterInputCamera where camera.readyForMoreMediaData {\n dispatch_async(videoQueue!) {", "\n camera.appendSampleBuffer(sampleBuffer)\n }\n }\n}\n}\n\nAdditional Edit Info\nIts seems from our additional conversations in the comments that what you want is to reduce the physical size of the output video while keeping the dimensions as high as you can (to retain quality). ", " Remember, the size you position a layer on the screen is POINTs, not PIXELS. ", "You're writing an output file in pixels - it's not a 1:1 comparison to the iPhone screen reference units.", "\nTo reduce the size of the output file, you have two easy options:\n\nReduce the resolution - but if you go too small, you'll lose quality when playing it back, especially if when playing it back it gets scaled up again. ", " Try 640x360 or 720x480 for the output pixels.", "\nAdjust the compression settings. ", "The iPhone has default settings that typically produce a higher quality (larger output file size) video.", "\n\nReplace the video settings with these options and see how you go:\n let videoSettings: [String : AnyObject] = [\n AVVideoCodecKey : AVVideoCodecH264,\n AVVideoWidthKey : captureSize.width,\n AVVideoHeightKey : captureSize.height,\n AVVideoCompressionPropertiesKey : [\n AVVideoAverageBitRateKey : 2000000,\n AVVideoProfileLevelKey : H264_Main_4_1,\n AVVideoMaxKeyFrameIntervalKey : 90,\n ]\n ]\n\nThe AVCompressionProperties tell AVFoundation how to actually compress the video. ", " The lower the bit rate, the higher the compression (and therefore the better it streams but ALSO the less disk space it uses BUT it will have lower quality). ", " MaxKeyFrame interval is how often it writes out an uncompressed frame, setting this higher (in our ~30 frames per second video 90 will be once every 1.5 seconds) also reduces quality but decreases size too. ", " You'll find the constants referenced here https://developer.apple.com/library/prerelease/ios/documentation/AVFoundation/Reference/AVFoundation_Constants/index.html#//apple_ref/doc/constant_group/Video_Settings\n\n" ]

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[ "Audi announced yesterday that by 2025 it will reduce its workforce in Germany by up to 9,500, which is some 10.6% of total staff.", "\n\nThat should translate into $6 billion ($6.6 billion) of savings by 2029, which will allow investing in new areas like electrification and digitalization, adding up to 2,000 new jobs in those areas.", "\n\n\"The 6 billion euros thus generated will secure the strategic targeted return corridor of 9 to 11 percent and will flow into future projects such as electrification and digitalization. ", "In this way, Audi.", "Zukunft will sustainably strengthen the competitiveness of the Four Rings and will make the company fit for the coming years.", "\n\nIn Europe, Audi already produces the e-tron in Belgium, which soon will be joined by the e-tron Sportback.", "\n\nIn late 2020, the production of Audi e-tron GT concept will start in Neckarsulm, Germany (where the production capacity of all models is scheduled for 225,000 annually).", "\n\nThe Ingolstadt plant in Germany (total capacity of 450,000 annually) is also poised to produce EVs:\n\n\"The Ingolstadt site is currently preparing for the production of premium electric vehicles. ", "In Neckarsulm, the all-electric Audi e-tron GT will already drive off the assembly line as of 2020. ", "The other production lines will also be gradually equipped for electric mobility.\"", "\n\nSource: Audi, Reuters" ]

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[ "[Improvement of Air Quality During APEC in Beijing in 2014].", "\nVariations of air quality, meteorological conditions and the effect of pollution control measures on particle matter concentrations in Beijing were all analyzed during APEC (from 1st to 12th in November) in 2014 based on the atmospheric pollutant monitoring data, monitoring components of PM2.5, meteorological and remote sensing data and CMB model. ", "The results showed that the average concentrations of PM2.5, PM10, SO2, NO2 were 43,62,8,46 [g.m respectively during APEC and the average concentrations of PM2.5, PM10, SO2, NO2 were decreased by 45%, 43%, 64% and 31% compared to those in the same period of the last 5 years (PM2. ", "was the average of the last 2 years); the concentrations of PM25 at different sites were decreased by 27.4%-35.5%; the concentrations of PM2.5 in the center of city and northern mountainous areas were the lowest, which dropped by 30%-45% compared to those in the same period of the last 5 years while in the southern area the decrement was below 25%; the main component SO4(2-), the substance of the crust, and NO3- were decreased by 50%, 76%, 35% respectively compared to those in the same period in 2013 and the chemical mass balance (CMB) model analysis results indicated that contributions of coal boiler, dust, motor vehicle were 2%, 7%, 30% respectively during APEC; air pollution control measures (coal, dust and traffic management) had a significant effect on reducing pollutant emissions and the pollutant emissions control reduced the concentration peak and delayed the accumulation speed." ]

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[ "We’ve been quiet, and we have some updates. ", "We’ve been continuously receiving your messages and trying to answer as many as possible. ", "We’re going to make this short simple and sweet.", "\n\nChanges:\n\nRebranding:\n\nNew logo. ", "New identity. ", "We think it’s pretty sweet.", "\n\nIcons:\n\nRainier UI Icons, yes that mouthful, has been renamed to Trenta Icons. ", "Trenta Icons will move in place of Trenta OS as our main focus because let’s face it, they’re what put us on the map.*", "\n\nNew Products:\n\nWe’re introducing two new things. ", "We’re taking our collection of wallpapers from Trenta OS and putting them online — Trenta Wallpapers. ", "They’re just jpeg images that you can install on any Linux distro, Mac or Windows (though you may need more than a new wallpaper if you’re a Windows user, just saying). ", "We will continuously update this collection. ", "Next we plan to introduce Trenta Tools. ", "We’ve always focused on creative work with everything we do and want to enable digital creators to have access to create without boundaries, especially financially. ", "We’ll have more on this soon.", "\n\nThe Spinoff:\n\nIf you follow us on social media, you probably noticed Trenta.io has what they call a “spinoff”. ", "That’s right, we’ve spun off into a new organization separate from Trenta.io called Trenta.", "Media. ", "Trenta.media while completely unrelated to Trenta.io’s mission, we’ve been contacted over the past few years asking if we could offer our design as a service. ", "For those interested, head over to trenta.media — and yes we love working with open-source projects.", "\n\nThe Elephant [in the room]:\n\nWe’ve received a lot of messages about Trenta OS. ", "Our site has read that it has been discontinued for a little over a month now and that’s sparked some questions. ", "While there are many reasons we’ve discontinued development of our Ubuntu-based Linux distro, it all really boiled down to one major point: Lack of support from the community: Our team of 2–3 are people like you who have private problems and have lives outside of the project — no corporation backing. ", "Lack of contributors (interpret this how you would like) became more and more taxing. ", "While we’re sure there was a silent majority that was patiently waiting with the occasional “I can’t wait” message, most of the messages we received weren’t exactly positive. ", "We’ve received our fair share of entitled hate-mail that told us to deliver new or even old outdated builds. ", "With each message, our team morale became weakened and the thought “why are we doing this?” ", "came up quite a bit. ", "Our team talked less frequently and development slowed until it eventually came to a halt. ", "Would you work for a community that feels entitled to a product that they had no interest in helping bring to life? ", "A free product that used to be a labor of love became another chore, but one without a feeling of reward. ", "So after a little over 5 years, a lot of lessons, a lot of love (if this was you, we appreciate you), new friends and a pretty sweet user interface we’re pulling the plug — not indefinitely but for good.", "\n\nThat being said, Trenta Icons will remain maintained, we even just published an update that allows you to install them on 2019 Ubuntu builds. ", "If you feel like helping, we need testers who can provide feedback. ", "Together we can still make a pretty sweet icon theme.", "\n\nIf you’re working on a Linux distro and want to use Trenta Icons, just shoot us a message on any social media platform or contact us through our site. ", "We’ll have an official link on our site at a later time.", "\n\nA special thank you to those who did contribute throughout the process across OS, Icons, Web — all of it. ", "Thank you. ", "We hope to work with you again in the future.", "\n\nUntil next time,\n\nTrenta.io\n\n*While you may disagree, unless you were part of the Trenta OS alpha test, your exposure to Trenta OS was limited to the screenshots and installations of Trenta Icons — which is most likely what drew you to be interested in our operating system." ]

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[ "In semiconductor processing, through-silicon vias (TSV) are often used to provide electrical connection between adjacent semiconductor dies. ", "Fabrication of TSVs involves etching a deep hole into a semiconductor wafer or substrate and filling the resulting hole with a conductive fill such as copper. ", "The wafer is then thinned from its back side until the conductive fill is exposed, and back side bond pads are then formed over the exposed TSV for electrical contact. ", "Typically, the wafer is thinned using a chemical mechanical planarization (CMP) process.", "\nOne challenge of using back side CMP processes to expose TSVs is that they often fail to achieve the requisite planarity. ", "For example, CMP processes may underpolish areas where TSVs are located, but overpolish other areas. ", "In either case, this can introduce undesired topography, and can deleteriously affect performance of the TSVs. ", "For example, underpolishing may leave residual material that interferes with the electrical contact of the TSVs. ", "Further, varying topography of the back side of a wafer can lead to further problems for inspection and metrology. ", "Accordingly, there remains a need to develop practical methods to improve back side exposure of TSVs." ]

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[ "VANCOUVER,Wash. (KOIN) — Despite being captured on video speeding through a crowd of protesters on Sunday, the driver of a 4×4 truck was not one of the 2 people arrested by Vancouver police.", "\n\nJust before 4:30 p.m. the driver sped through the crowd of anti-white nationalist marchers protesting after a Patriot Prayer rally ended at the Port of Vancouver. ", "Though no one was hit, it created chaos. ", "Police surrounded the truck as marchers rapidly approached.", "\n\nLt. ", "Kathy McNicholas with Vancouver PD told KOIN 6 News the driver — whose name is not being used by KOIN 6 News because he is not at this time charged with a crime — was not arrested because there was evidence he was possibly under attack and in fear for his life.", "\n\nBut video of the driver speeding through the crowd and being immediately surrounded by both police and protesters has gone literally around the world.", "\n\nWatch: Footage of the Vancouver protest. (", "Speeding truck happens about 2 minutes into the video)\n\nLt. ", "McNicholas said she’s had “dozens of inquiries” about the incident from media organizations across the country.", "\n\nShe added, though, reports on the incident are being written and they will be submitted to the Clark County District Attorney’s office within the next 24 hours. ", "It will then be up to the DA whether to charge the driver with any crime.", "\n\nThe 2 people arrested by Vancouver PD were Nicholas Partin (for disorderly conduct and resisting arrest) and Shawna Gonzalez (for reckless endangerment.)", "\n\nSeven other people were arrested during protests in Portland Sunday. ", "Some of them made appearances in court on Monday.", "\n\nKOIN 6 News will continue to follow this story." ]

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