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"Company Info:\nWilliam M. Cobb & Associates, Inc.\n12770 Coit Road, Suite 907\nDallas, TX 75251\n972-385-0354 (phone)\n972-788-5165 (fax)\n\nContact:\nRandal M. Brush\nSenior Vice President\n\nIf you need any other info just let me know."
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[
"\n241 F.Supp.2d 572 (2002)\nOCEAN WINDS COUNCIL OF CO-OWNERS, INC., ",
"Plaintiff,\nv.\nAUTO-OWNERS INSURANCE COMPANY, Defendant.",
"\nNo. ",
"CIV.A.2:98-2970-18.",
"\nUnited States District Court, D. South Carolina, Charleston Division.",
"\nDecember 16, 2002.",
"\n*573 William Jefferson Leath, Jr., Timothy David St. Clair, Charleston, SC, for plaintiff.",
"\nWalter Henry Bundy, Jr., Mt. Pleasant, SC, Mark Crawford, Jems Dowell Gandy, III, John C. Hayes, IV, Robert H. Hood, Charleston, SC, for defendant.",
"\n\n\n*574 ORDER\nNORTON, District Judge.",
"\n\nI. Background\nThis is a first-party insurance action brought by the insured, Ocean Winds Council of Co-Owners, Inc. (\"Ocean Winds\"), against its insurer, Auto-Owners Insurance Co. (\"Auto Owners\"). ",
"The following facts are undisputed. ",
"Ocean Winds is the owner of a condominium complex that was insured from July 1993 to July 2001 under a policy issued by Auto-Owners. ",
"Ocean Winds filed a claim with Auto Owners on October 27, 1997, requesting payment for water and termite damage to the buildings under the following \"collapse\" provision in the insurance contract:\n5. ",
"Additional Coverages\nd. Collapse\nWe will pay for loss or damage caused by or resulting from risks of direct physical loss involving collapse of a building or any part of the building caused only by one or more of the following:\n. . . . .",
"\n(2) hidden decay;\n(3) hidden insect or vermin damage\n. . . . .",
"\nCollapse does not include settling, cracking, shrinkage, bulging, or expansion.",
"\nAfter Auto Owners did not pay the claim, Ocean Winds filed suit on September 4, 1998, in state court alleging the following causes of action: bad faith refusal to pay benefits; breach of contract; improper claims practices in violation of S.C.Code § 38-59-20 (West 2002); and attorneys' fees under S.C.Code § 38-59-40 (West 2002).[1]\nAfter defendant removed the action, this court certified the following question to the South Carolina Supreme Court:\nIn order to trigger coverage [under the policy quoted above], is it required: 1) that the building or part of the building fall to the ground or be reduced to flattened rubble; or 2) that the building manifest substantial structural impairment, but has not yet fallen to the ground or been reduced to flattened rubble.",
"\nThe South Carolina Supreme Court held on June 17, 2002, that \"a requirement of imminent collapse is the most reasonable construction of the policy clause covering `risks of direct physical loss involving collapse.' ",
"We define imminent collapse to mean collapse is likely to happen without delay.\" ",
"Ocean Winds Council of Co-Owners, Inc. v. Auto-Owner Ins. ",
"Co., 350 S.C. 268, 565 S.E.2d 306, 308 (2002). ",
"During the time in which the certified question was pending, plaintiff paid to have the buildings repaired at a cost of $582,494.52. (",
"Pl's.",
"Mem.",
"Opp.",
"Summ. ",
"J. Ex. ",
"A.)\n\nII. ",
"Summary Judgment Standard\nSummary judgment shall be granted when the \"pleadings, depositions, answers to interrogatories, and admissions on file, together with the affidavits, if any, show that there is no genuine issue as to any material fact and that the moving party is entitled to a judgment as a matter of law.\" ",
"Fed.",
"R.Civ.",
"P. 56(c). \"",
"At the summary judgment stage the judge's function is not himself to weigh the evidence and determine the truth of the matter but to determine whether there is a genuine issue for trial.\" ",
"Anderson v. Liberty Lobby, Inc., 477 U.S. 242, 249, 106 S.Ct. ",
"2505, 91 L.Ed.2d 202 (1986). ",
"There is no requirement *575 that the trial judge make findings of fact. ",
"Id. at 250, 106 S.Ct. ",
"2505. ",
"Rather, the threshold inquiry is whether \"there are any genuine factual issues that properly can be resolved only by a finder of fact because they may reasonably be resolved in favor of either party.\" ",
"Id. In other words, \"to grant summary judgment the court must determine that no reasonable jury could find for the nonmoving party on the evidence before it.\" ",
"See Perini Corp. v. Perini Const, Inc., 915 F.2d 121, 124 (4th Cir. ",
"1990). ",
"An issue of fact concerns material facts only if establishment of the fact might affect the outcome of the lawsuit under governing substantive law. ",
"Anderson, 477 U.S. at 248, 106 S.Ct. ",
"2505. ",
"All facts and reasonable inferences therefrom are viewed in the light most favorable to the nonmoving party. ",
"Matsushita Elec. ",
"Indus. ",
"Co. v. Zenith Radio Corp., 475 U.S. 574, 587-88,106 S.Ct. ",
"1348, 89 L.Ed.2d 538 (1986).",
"\n\"[A] party seeking summary judgment always bears the initial responsibility of informing the district court of the basis for its motion, and identifying those portions of `the pleadings, depositions, answers to interrogatories, and admissions on file, together with the affidavits, if any,' which it believes demonstrate the absence of a genuine issue of material fact.\" ",
"Celotex Corp. v. Catrett, 477 U.S. 317, 324, 106 S.Ct. ",
"2548, 91 L.Ed.2d 265 (1986) (quoting Fed. ",
"R.Civ.",
"P. 56(c)). ",
"Once this burden has been met, the nonmoving party must \"go beyond the pleadings and by her own affidavits, or by the `depositions, answers to interrogatories, and admissions on file,' designate `specific facts showing that there is a genuine issue for trial' \" Id. (quoting Fed.",
"R.Civ.",
"P. 56(e)); see also Pleasurecrft Marine Engine Co. v. Thermo Power Corp., 272 F.3d 654, 658 (4th Cir.2001).",
"\n\nIII. ",
"Law/Analysis\n\nA. Breach of Contract\nDefendant argues that there is no genuine issue of material fact whether the buildings were in danger of \"imminent collapse\" as defined by the South Carolina Supreme Court. ",
"As an initial matter, the parties differ on the standard set forth by the South Carolina Supreme Court. ",
"Plaintiff highlights a passage from the court's opinion that says the policy \"appears to cover even the threat of loss from collapse.\" ",
"565 S.E.2d at 308 (emphasis added). ",
"Plaintiff is correct that the court used this language to explain that actual collapse was not necessary to trigger coverage under the policy. ",
"Id. However, the court further defined this \"threat\" to include only \"imminent collapse,\" which means \"collapse is likely to happen without delay.\" ",
"Id. The court explained that \"collapse coverage should not be converted into a maintenance agreement by allowing recovery for damage which, while substantial, does not threaten collapse.\" ",
"Id. Thus, the precise standard set forth by the South Carolina Supreme Court is whether the buildings were under a threat of \"imminent collapse,\" which means \"collapse is likely to happen without delay.\" ",
"Id.\nApplying this standard, defendant points to the following passage from plaintiffs expert, Mr. Peter E. Sherrat: \"I am not sure whether imminent means tomorrow or not, but in a short timeframe. ",
"And whether that timeframe is in three months or six months, but it was not at the stage meaning the next day I thought it was going to fall down.",
"\"[2] In addition, defendant *576 argues that in the five years between the time the suit was filed and the repairs were made, the buildings did not collapse and were never vacated for safety reasons. ",
"Plaintiff submits affidavits from Robert Norman, Robert Sisnroy, and Brett E. Carlson purporting to show that the collapse of the buildings was imminent. (",
"Pl's Opp. ",
"Mem. ",
"Exs. ",
"A, B. and C.) However, defendant points out that each of these affiants testified that the buildings were under a threat of collapse with a significant weather or seismic event. (",
"Nornan Aff. ¶ ",
"12, Sisnroy Aff. ¶ ",
"5; Carlson Aff. ¶ ",
"4.) ",
"This testimony is not sufficient to create a genuine issue of material fact whether the buildings were faced with \"imminent collapse without delay.\" ",
"Many buildings are subject to collapse in the event of a \"significant weather or seismic event.\" ",
"This type of structural threat, although it may be serious and require repair, does not rise to the level of \"imminent collapse\" as defined by the South Carolina Supreme Court. ",
"Therefore, viewing the evidence in the light most favorable to plaintiff, it has failed to meet its burden of presenting evidence showing there is a genuine issue of material fact whether the condominium complex was under the threat of imminent collapse without delay. ",
"As a result, there is no genuine issue of material fact whether defendant breached its insurance contract.",
"\n\nB. Bad Faith\nDefendant has moved for summary judgment on plaintiffs bad faith refusal to pay cause of action on the grounds that it cannot be held liable for a bad faith refusal to pay when it had no duty to pay under the contract. ",
"Plaintiff argues that even if there was no breach of the insurance contract, defendant exercised bad faith in processing its claim. \"[",
"T]here is an implied covenant of good faith and fair dealing in every insurance contract that neither party will do anything to impair the other's rights to receive benefits under the contract.\" ",
"Tadlock Painting Co. v. Maryland Cas. ",
"Co., 322 S.C. 498, 473 S.E.2d 52, 53 (1996) (internal citations and quotation marks omitted.) ",
"In general, \"[a]n insured may recover damages for a bad faith denial of coverage if he or she proves there was no reasonable basis to support the insurer's decision to deny benefits under a mutually binding insurance contract.\" ",
"Cock-N-Bull Steak House, Inc. v. Gen. Ins. ",
"Co., 321 S.C. 1, 466 S.E.2d 727, 730 (1996). ",
"However, \"the benefits due an insured are not limited solely by those expressly set out in the contract.\" ",
"Tadlock, 473 S.E.2d at 55. \"[",
"T]he covenant of good faith and fair dealing extends not just to the payment of a legitimate claim, but also to the manner in which it is processed.\" ",
"Mixson, Inc. v. American Loyalty Ins. ",
"Co., 562 S.E.2d at 662 (citing Tadlock, 473 S.E.2d at 52). \"[",
"I]f an insured can demonstrate bad faith or unreasonable action by the insurer in processing a claim under their mutually binding insurance contract, he can recover consequential damages in a tort action.\" ",
"Tadlock, 473 S.E.2d at 53 (quoting Nichols, 306 S.E.2d at 619) (emphasis in original). ",
"Thus, breach of an express contractual provision is not a prerequisite to bringing a bad faith cause of action. ",
"Tadlock, 473 S.E.2d at 54.",
"\nPlaintiff argues that defendant exercised bad faith in its processing of plaintiffs claim. ",
"Defendant responds that the delay was caused by Auto Owner's contesting the coverage under the policy. ",
"However, plaintiff has submitted expert testimony from Thomas Hesse saying that Auto Owner's (1) failed to provide a copy of the reservation of rights letter to the insured; (2) failed to provide a proof of loss form to the insured as required by it claims handling guidelines manual; (3) *577 failed to respond to correspondence from the insured attorney; and (4) failed to deny the claim or give any reasons for denying the claim. (",
"Hesse Depo. ",
"at 14-15.) ",
"Hesse testified that \"the biggest evidence of lack of good faith in this case is just the delay in getting this case resolved.\" (",
"Hesse Depo. ",
"at 27.) ",
"Hesse further testified that Auto Owner's \"never has outright denied the claim or gave [sic] any reason why it was denying the claim.\" (",
"Hesse Depo. ",
"at 15.) ",
"In addition, Hesse cited Auto Owners's \"attitude about the claim, that they are not there to try to resolve the claim one way or the other. ",
"It is trying to find ways to not provide the coverage.\" (",
"Hesse Depo. ",
"at 27.) ",
"Specifically, Hesse pointed out that the internal files showed that the Auto Owners was considering using the fact that Ocean Winds had not presented a \"proof of loss\" as a reason for denying the claim when Auto Owners, when \"by both their guidelines and also by the policy, they are the ones that are supposed to provide the proof of loss form to the insured.\" (",
"Hesse Depo. ",
"at 27.) ",
"Therefore, Hesse's testimony is sufficient to create a genuine is of fact as to whether defendant acted in bad faith in processing these claims.",
"\nDefendant suggests that \"bad faith refusal to pay benefits\" and \"breach of the implied warranty of good faith and fair dealing\" are separate causes of action. ",
"Specifically, defendant argues that a bad faith refusal to pay benefits cause of action requires that benefits be due under the insurance contract, whereas a breach of the implied warranty of good faith and fair dealing cause of action addresses bad faith processing of claims. ",
"Accordingly, defendant contends that plaintiff only alleged a bad faith refusal to pay benefits cause of action in its Complaint, but has now attempted to transform this claim into a breach of the implied warranty of good faith and fair dealing cause of action by arguing that the claim was processed in bad faith even if coverage did not exist. ",
"However, bad faith refusal to pay benefits and breach of implied warranty of good faith and fair dealing are not separate causes of action. ",
"Rather, all bad faith actionsincluding claims based on bad faith processing of the claims when there is no breach of the insurance contract arise out of the implied warranty of good faith and fair dealing. ",
"See Tadlock, 473 S.E.2d at 52-53. ",
"Therefore, although the label is admittedly confusing, plaintiffs \"bad faith refusal to pay benefits\" cause of action, construed under the liberal pleading standards of Fed.",
"R.Civ.",
"P. 8, encompassed its theory that defendant failed to process his claim in good faith even if there were no coverage under the contract.",
"\n\nC. Improper Claim Practices Act\nPlaintiff also brought causes of action under sections 38-59-20 and 38-59-40 of the Improper Claim Practices Act (\"ICPA\"). ",
"Section 38-59-20 provides in relevant part:[3]\nAny of the following acts by an insurer doing accident and health insurance, property insurance, casualty insurance, surety insurance, marine insurance, or title insurance business, if committed without just cause and performed with such frequency as to indicate a general business practice, constitutes improper claim practices:\n. . . . .",
"\n(2) Failing to acknowledge with reasonable promptness pertinent communications with respect to claims arising under its policies, including third-party *578 claims arising under liability insurance policies.",
"\n. . . . .",
"\n(4) Not attempting in good faith to effect prompt, fair, and equitable settlement of claims, including third-party liability claims, submitted to it in which liability has become reasonably clear.",
"\n. . . . .",
"\n(8) Any other practice which constitutes an unreasonable delay in paying or an unreasonable failure to pay or settle in full claims, including third-party liability claims, arising under coverages provided by its policies.",
"\nS.C.Code § 38-59-20 (West 2002).",
"\nIn Masterclean, Inc. v. Star Ins. ",
"Co., 347 S.C. 405, 556 S.E.2d 371, 377 (S.C. 2001), the South Carolina Supreme Court held that \"third parties do not have a private right of action under S.C.Code Ann. § ",
"38-59-20.\" ",
"Instead, they are entitled to administrative relief before the Chief Insurance Commissioner. ",
"556 S.E.2d at 377. ",
"Although this court is not aware of any South Carolina court decision that has specifically held that a first-party claimant also does not have a private right of action under section 38-59-20, some courts have issued broad statements that the Improper Claims Practices Act \"does not create a private cause of action.\" ",
"Gaskins v. Southern Farm Bureau Cas. ",
"Ins. ",
"Co., 343 S.C. 666, 541 S.E.2d 269, 272 (S.C.App.2000) (third-party case); accord Swinton v. Chubb & Son, Inc., 283 S.C. 11, 320 S.E.2d 495, 497 (S.C.App.1984) (holding in a third-party case that § 38-37-1110, the predecessor statute, recodified as § 38-59-20 by 1987 Act No. ",
"155, § 1, \"does not establish ... a private right of action for any violation thereof) (omissions in original). ",
"Further, the text of section 38-59-20 does not draw any distinction between first-party and third-party claims. ",
"Thus, this court concludes based on South Carolina court decisions in the third party context that the South Carolina courts would also conclude that section 38-59-20 does not create a statutory private cause of action for first-party claimants.[4]\nPlaintiff also seeks attorneys fees pursuant to S.C.Code § 38-59^0 (West 2002), under which \"[a]n insurer is liable to the policy holder for all reasonable attorneys' fees for the prosecution of the case against the insurer if the trial judge finds the refusal to pay the policyholder's claim was without reasonable cause or in bad faith.\" ",
"Mixson, 562 S.E.2d at 663 (citing section 38-59-40). ",
"Determination of an insurer's liability for attorneys' fees pursuant to section 38-59-40 is a matter for decision by the trial judge. ",
"Dorman v. Allstate Ins. ",
"Co., 332 S.C. 176, 504 S.E.2d 127, 130 (S.C.App.1998) (internal citations omitted). \"",
"In making this determination, the trial judge must ascertain whether or not an insurer's refusal to pay a claim was without reasonable cause or in bad faith.\" ",
"Id. As explained above, a genuine issue of material facts exists as to whether defendant acted in bad faith in its processing of plaintiffs claim. ",
"Thus, the court will determine the issue of attorneys fees at trial.",
"\n\nIII. ",
"Conclusion\nIt is therefore,\nORDERED, for the foregoing reasons, that defendant's motion for summary judgment is GRANTED as to plaintiffs causes of action for breach of contract and improper *579 claim practices under S.C.Code § 38-59-20.",
"\nIt is FURTHER ORDERED that defendant's motion for summary judgment is DENIED as to plaintiffs causes of action for bad faith refusal to pay benefits and attorneys' fees under S.C.Code § 38-59-40.",
"\nAND IT IS SO ORDERED.",
"\nNOTES\n[1] The Complaint also included a request for a declaratory judgment, which was later withdrawn.",
"\n[2] Defendant quoted this passage in its Memorandum of Law in Support of Its Motion For Summary Judgment, but did not cite the deposition page number. ",
"However, plaintiff has not contested its accuracy.",
"\n[3] The Improper Claims Practices Act contains other provisions, but plaintiff has only presented evidence in support of provisions two, four and eight. (",
"Hesse Depo. ",
"at 15-16.)",
"\n[4] As explained above, South Carolina courts have expressly recognized a bad faith cause of action for first-party claimants under the common law, so the significance of an additional statutory cause of action would be limited.",
"\n"
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[
"---\nabstract: |\n This paper explores modifications to a feedforward five-layer spiking convolutional network (SCN) of the ventral visual stream \\[Masquelier, T., Thorpe, S., Unsupervised learning of visual features through spike timing dependent plasticity. ",
"PLoS Computational Biology, 3(2), 247-257\\]. ",
"The original model showed that a spike-timing-dependent plasticity (STDP) learning algorithm embedded in an appropriately selected SCN could perform unsupervised feature discovery. ",
"The discovered features where interpretable and could effectively be used to perform rapid binary decisions in a classifier.",
"\n\n In order to study the robustness of the previous results, the present research examines the effects of modifying some of the components of the original model. ",
"For improved biological realism, we replace the original non-leaky integrate-and-fire neurons with Izhikevich-like neurons. ",
"We also replace the original STDP rule with a novel rule that has a probabilistic interpretation. ",
"The probabilistic STDP slightly but significantly improves the performance for both types of model neurons. ",
"Use of the Izhikevich-like neuron was not found to improve performance although performance was still comparable to the IF neuron. ",
"This shows that the model is robust enough to handle more biologically realistic neurons. ",
"We also conclude that the underlying reasons for stable performance in the model are preserved despite the overt changes to the explicit components of the model.",
"\nauthor:\n- |\n Amirhossein Tavanaei:[^1]\\\n **\\\n **\\\n Timothée Masquelier:[^2]\\\n **\\\n **\\\n **\\\n **\\\n **\\\n **\\\n Anthony S. Maida:[^3]\\\n **\\\n **\ntitle: '**Acquisition of Visual Features Through Probabilistic Spike-Timing-Dependent Plasticity**'\n---\n\n[^4]\n\nIntroduction\n============\n\nThe pattern recognition functionality found in the ventral visual pathway of the primate brain is supported by a multi-layer, spiking biological network which is able to learn to recognize new patterns. ",
"An early and highly influential model of this computation is found in [@Serre2007a]. ",
"They introduced a hierarchy of simple/complex cells (model neurons) that incorporated feature extraction and location invariance pooling over larger and larger receptive field sizes. ",
"The design has been used in many subsequent deep networks and is a member of the class of convolutional networks, that dates back to [@LeCun1998a] and [@Fukushima1980a].",
"\n\nThe model in [@Serre2007a] did not use spiking neurons and thus could not support spike-timing-dependent plasticity (STDP) learning, which is known to occur in many parts of the mammalian brain. ",
"Furthermore, under some conditions the recognition process in primates is so rapid that there is barely enough time for even one spike to travel from the retina to the decision region in the inferior temporal cortex [@Thorpe1996a]. ",
"The first artificial spiking neural network (SNN) that included STDP and was designed to address the speed of recognition observed in the human and primate brain is that of Masquelier and Thorpe [@Masquelier2007a]. ",
"Empirical data imposes the constraint that the majority of information used in recognition is contained in the first neural spike for any neuron in the feedforward pipeline. ",
"The paper [@Masquelier2007a] presented a model that demonstrated how this was computationally possible and the information provided by the first spike was sufficient to drive an STDP-based feature discovery algorithm to support the recognition process.",
"\n\nThe initial work was performed on the Caltech data set which presented images in a canonical viewpoint. ",
"Later work in [@Kheradpisheh2015a] showed that this algorithm would scale to larger data sets which showed the same object from multiple views and at multiple sizes. ",
"The recognition performance compared favorably with other approaches, specifically, [@Serre2007a] and [@Krizhevsky2012a].",
"\n\nOne limitation of the work in [@Masquelier2007a] is that, despite the key observations underlying the design of the model, it raises new questions about biological realism that beg to be answered. ",
"Specifically, there are two limitations that the work presented here considers. ",
"First, spike generation in [@Masquelier2007a] is performed by non-leaky integrate-and-fire (IF) neurons. ",
"This may not be a serious limitation, given the short time scale under which the model operates. ",
"However, it would be prudent to examine the model’s performance using a more realistic spike-generation mechanism. ",
"This is possible by replacing the IF neuron with a simplified Izhikevich model neuron [@Izhikevich2003a; @Izhikevich2007a].",
"\n\nThe second question is why the STDP version used in [@Masquelier2007a] is effective. ",
"Put differently, can we understand why this, or alternative STDP mechanisms, perform effective feature discovery within this framework? ",
"The work in [@Kheradpisheh2015a] shows that indeed that the STDP used in [@Masquelier2007a] is an effective feature discovery mechanism. ",
"Furthermore, a theory of how global properties of the network emerge through STDP was developed in [@Masquelier2010a].",
"\n\nThe present paper takes preliminary steps to develop a probabilistic or Bayesian variant of the original model in [@Masquelier2007a]. ",
"In particular, we are inspired by the papers of Nessler et al. [",
"@Nessler2009a; @Nessler2013a]. ",
"Those papers show that an appropriately chosen STDP rule with a particular probabilistic interpretation, when embedded in an appropriately designed winner-take-all (WTA) network, is able to approximate online expectation maximization. ",
"Their paper also includes proof-of-concept experiments showing that implementations of the model are able to perform pattern classification.",
"\n\nOne drawback of the model in [@Nessler2013a] is that its trainable ‘excitatory’ connections use negative weights. ",
"This is because the trained weights converge to the log of a probability value (explained later). ",
"This gives an elegant probabilistic interpretation to the weights but since the logarithm of a probability value is negative, the weights are necessarily negative. ",
"The authors note that theoretically the weights can be shifted to positive values by choosing a positive parameter, $c$, equal to the magnitude of the largest negative weight in the implementation. ",
"The present paper seeks a solution where the (excitatory) weights are positive.",
"\n\nAlthough the network in [@Masquelier2007a] has five layers, it can be viewed functionally as consisting of three feedforward-connected modules: feature extraction, feature discovery, and classification. ",
"The feature extraction and discovery components are duplicated across five spatial scales. ",
"The feature discovery module uses a simple form of spike-time-dependent plasticity (STDP) based learning. ",
"We compare the IF neuron with a simplified Izhikevich regular-spiking (RS) neuron which models the spike generation dynamics of one type of neocortical pyramidal cell, the principle neuron in the neocortex.",
"\n\nThe present research studies variants of this network when STDP is modified and when the model neurons are modified. ",
"Specifically, we modified the original implementation in [@Masquelier2007a]. ",
"The motivation with respect to STDP was to obtain some insight as to why the learning rule is able to support feature discovery and to assess the effectiveness of our new probabilistic STDP rule in feature discovery. ",
"The motivation with regard to using different model neurons was to incrementally improve the biological realism of the model and to examine the robustness of STDP-based feature acquisition with a different model neuron. ",
"Finally, if our manipulations do not have an effect on the qualitative performance of the model, either positive or negative, then we have established that the model has some degree of robustness.",
"\n\nBackground\n==========\n\nSTDP modifies synaptic weights in response to local timing differences between pre- and postsynaptic spikes. ",
"The existence of several variants of STDP within synapses is well established in biological networks [@Markram2011b]. ",
"In most cases, however, there is little consensus about its larger role in learning for biological networks. ",
"Idealized models of STDP have been studied extensively.",
"\n\nIn recent literature, there have been at least two approaches to addressing the question of why biological STDP might be effective in learning. ",
"The first and most established approach seeks to obtain an idea of what kinds of temporal spike codes STDP produces [@Song2001a; @Guyonneau2005a] and what kind of codes STDP can learn to recognize [@Masquelier2009a].",
"\n\nThe second approach assumes that the relevant biological networks implement a Bayesian computation. ",
"Empirical studies have provided evidence that the some brain areas may perform a Bayesian analysis of sensory stimuli [@Doya2007a; @Kording2004a]. ",
"Also, it is claimed that the spike generation process is stochastic with exponential function upon the membrane potential [@Rezende2011a; @Jolivet2006a]. ",
"Probabilistic interpretations of STDP could form a theoretical link to the broader area of machine learning. ",
"Nessler et al. (",
"2009, 2013) showed that a version of the STDP rule can perform Bayesian computation in a spiking winner-take-all (WTA) network [@Nessler2009a; @Nessler2013a].",
"\n\nBased on the Nessler et al. (",
"2013) STDP rule, Kappel et al. (",
"2014) developed a generic cortical microcircuit to approximately implement the hidden Markov model (HMM) learning [@Kappel2014a]. ",
"In addition, a modified variant of this probability-based STDP has been employed in a Gaussian mixture model (GMM) training of the HMM equipped by embedded SNNs in its states [@Tavanaei2015b].",
"\n\nThe present work is inspired by the last approach and seeks to study a probabilistic rule in the context of the network used in [@Masquelier2007a].",
"\n\nNetwork Architecture\n====================\n\nThe SNN architecture in the previous study (Masquelier and Thorpe, 2007 [@Masquelier2007a]) is shown in Fig.",
" \\[fig:SNNArchitecture\\]. ",
"The network consists of four layers hierarchy of spiking neurons (S1-C1-S2-C2) in temporal domain. ",
"Simple cells (S) compute a linear sum (integration) while complex cells (C) compute nonlinear max pooling. ",
"The last layer (layer 5) performs a classification over visual features received from C2.",
"\n\nLayer S1 detects edges of the image with four orientations using intensity-to-latency conversion. ",
"The WTA between S1 cells is implemented to find the best matching orientation. ",
"C1 maps subsample S1 maps by taking the maximum response over a square neighborhood. ",
"S2 is selective to intermediate complexity visual features, defined as a combination of oriented edges. ",
"C2 takes the maximum response of S2 over all positions and scales. ",
"The maximum operation of the complex cells propagates the first spike emitted by a given group of afferent neurons because of the time-to-first-spike framework supposed in this architecture.",
"\n\nSTDP learning occurs in the weights projecting from layer C1 to layer S2. ",
"The STDP has the effect of concentrating large synaptic weights on afferent neurons that systematically fire early, while postsynaptic spike latencies decrease. ",
"The synaptic weights are updated and duplicated at all positions and scales. ",
"The synaptic weights are considered between 0 and 1 to ensure excitatory synapses. ",
"A simplified STDP has been used in this structure in which the time window is supposed to cover the whole spike wave.",
"\n\nWhen a cell fires, local inhibition prevents other cells in that layer from firing at the same scale and within a square neighborhood of the firing position.",
"\n\nThe final membrane potential measured in the C2 cells (and is contrast invariant) is used for training the radial basis function (RBF) classifier. ",
"Images are processed by the network one by one and the neurons in each layer are allowed to fire only once. ",
"Finally, the classifier layer utilizes RBF classification to recognize the patterns according to the visual features received from C2.",
"\n\n![",
"5-layer hierarchical spiking neural network developed in [@Masquelier2007a]. ",
"There is one S1-C1-S2 pathway for each processing scale. ",
"C2 cells select the maximum response received from S2. ",
"Finally, visual features are classified by the last layer. ",
"STDP learning is applied to the synapses connecting C1 and S2 neuron layers. ",
"The synaptic weight change in the SNN proposed in [@Masquelier2007a] is computed by a factor of $w(1-w)$. In the current investigation, we change the STDP rule and neuron models to study the effect on performance. (",
"from [@Masquelier2007a])[]{data-label=\"fig:SNNArchitecture\"}](Figure1.jpg){width=\"9cm\"}\n\nThe STDP rules tested\n=====================\n\nIn a later section, we will examine network classification performance using a novel STDP rule. ",
"Here, we explain the original STDP rule used in [@Masquelier2007a], along with the new rule. ",
"Neither rule needs to compute the exact time difference between pre- and postsynaptic spikes.",
"\n\nThe original STDP rule\n----------------------\n\nThe original STDP rule given in [@Masquelier2007a] is shown below. ",
"$w_{ki}$ denotes the weight from presynaptic neuron $i$ to postsynaptic neuron $k$. $$\\Delta w_{ki}=\n\\begin{cases}\n&a^{+}\\cdot w_{ki}\\cdot(1-w_{ki}), \\ \\ t_{k}^\\mathrm{f} - t_{i}^\\mathrm{f} \\ge 0\\\\\n&-a^{-}\\cdot w_{ki}\\cdot(1-w_{ki}), \\ \\ \\mathrm{otherwise}\\\\\n\\end{cases}\n\\label{MasquelierThorpeSTDP}$$\n\nThe first case describes LTP and the second describes LTD. ",
"$t_{i}^\\mathrm{f}$ and $t_{k}^\\mathrm{f}$ denote firing times of units $i$ and $k$, respectively. ",
"Weights fall in the range (0, 1). ",
"Note that the quantity $w_{ki}\\cdot (1-w_{ki})$ is the slope of the sigmoidal function. ",
"Therefore, if $a^{+} = 1$ and $a^{-}=1$, weight changes will be largest when $w_{ki}$ is $0.5$ and weight changes will become arbitrarily small as $w_{ki}$ approaches the bounds 0 or 1. ",
"In the most of simulations, the magnitudes of amplification parameters $a^{+}$ and $a^{-}$ are kept in a ratio of 4/3.",
"\n\nProbabilistic STDP variant\n--------------------------\n\nThe proposed new rule yields weights with a probabilistic interpretation after convergence. ",
"Our new rule is modified from [@Nessler2013a]. ",
"The rule from [@Nessler2013a], when embedded in an appropriate winner-take-all network with Poisson spiking neurons can approximate expectation maximization learning. ",
"It is given below. ",
"$$\\Delta w_{ki}=\n\\begin{cases}\n&e^{-w_{ki}}-1, \\ \\ 0< t_{k}^\\mathrm{f} - t_{i}^\\mathrm{f} < \\epsilon\\\\\n&-1, \\ \\ \\ \\ \\ \\ \\ \\ \\ \\ \\mathrm{otherwise}\\\\\n\\end{cases}\n\\label{nessler}$$\n\nLTP occurs if the presynaptic neuron fires briefly (e.g., within $\\epsilon=10$ ms) before the postsynaptic neuron. ",
"Otherwise LTD occurs. ",
"The rule is unusual in that the magnitude of the LTP weight adjustment is exponentially related to the current value of the weight. ",
"Additionally, weight values are always negative. ",
"After convergence, the weight value is equal to the log of the probability that the presynaptic neuron will have fired within the $\\epsilon$ interval, given that the postsynaptic neuron has fired.",
"\n\nOur SNN uses positive weights for the excitatory neurons in the feedforward layers and therefore the rule (\\[nessler\\]) is not applicable. ",
"Therefore, we modified (\\[nessler\\]) to obtain (\\[AT\\_STDP\\]) below.",
"\n\n$$\\Delta w_{ki}=\n\\begin{cases}\n&a^+\\cdot e^{-w_{ki}}, \\ \\ t_{k}^\\mathrm{f} - t_{i}^\\mathrm{f} \\ge 0, \\ \\ \\ (\\mathrm{LTP})\\\\\n&-a^-, \\ \\ \\ \\ \\ \\ \\ \\ \\ \\mathrm{otherwise}, \\ \\ \\ \\ (\\mathrm{LTD})\\\\\n\\end{cases}\n\\label{AT_STDP}$$\n\nwhere $a^+$ and $a^-$ are the amplification parameters used in (\\[MasquelierThorpeSTDP\\]). ",
"The synaptic weights are constrained to be positive during the training process.",
"\n\nProbabilistic perspective\n-------------------------\n\nTo interpret the behavior of the STDP rule probabilistically, we follow the approach of Nessler et al.",
" (2013), p. 21, formula 28 [@Nessler2013a]. ",
"At equilibrium, the expected weight change will be zero. ",
"This can be written and then simplified as shown below. ",
"The notation $z_k=1$ means that the postsynaptic neuron fired on a given stimulus presentation. ",
"The notation $y_k=1$ means that the presynaptic neuron fired before the postsynaptic neuron on the same stimulus presentation. ",
"$$\\begin{array}{l}\nE[\\Delta w_{ki}]=0\n\\Leftrightarrow\\\\\na^+ \\cdot p_\\mathbf{w}^{*}(y_i = 1 | z_k = 1) e^{-w_{ki}} - a^- \\cdot p_\\mathbf{w}^{*}(y_i = 0 | z_k = 1) = 0\n\\Leftrightarrow\\\\\na^+ \\cdot p_\\mathbf{w}^{*}(y_i = 1 | z_k = 1) e^{-w_{ki}} + a^-\\cdot p_\\mathbf{w}^{*}(y_i = 1 | z_k = 1) = a^- \n\\Leftrightarrow\\\\\ne^{-w_{ki}}=\\frac{a^- -a^- \\cdot p_\\mathbf{w}^{*}(y_i = 1 | z_k = 1)}{a^+ \\cdot p_\\mathbf{w}^{*}(y_i = 1 | z_k = 1)}\n\\Leftrightarrow\\\\\nw_{ki}=\\ln \\big(\\frac{a^+}{a^-} \\cdot \\frac{p_\\mathbf{w}^{*}(y_i = 1 | z_k = 1)}{1-p_\\mathbf{w}^{*}(y_i = 1 | z_k = 1)} \\big) \\Leftrightarrow \\nonumber\n\\end{array}$$ $$\\label{eqn:equilibrium}\nw_{ki}=\\ln \\big (\\frac{a^+}{a^-}\\big ) + \\ln(\\textit{\\textbf{Odds Ratio}})$$ where, $p^*$ denotes an equilibrium probability.",
"\n\nThe synaptic weight, $w_{ki}$, in (\\[eqn:equilibrium\\]) specifies the log odds (logit) of the probability. ",
"The probability, $p^*$, denotes the casual effect of presynaptic neuron in postsynaptic spike in which the STDP rule is triggered. ",
"The odds ratio is the ratio of the probability that the event of interest occurs to the probability that it does not [@Bland2000a]. ",
"The event of interest is the presynaptic activation right before the postsynaptic neuron fires. ",
"Positive log odds ($p_\\mathbf{w}^{*}(y_i = 1 | z_k = 1) \\geq \\frac{a^- }{a^- +a^+}$) specifies a probable condition in which the synaptic weight is subject to LTP. ",
"The parameter $\\frac{a^-}{a^- +a^+}$ determines a stochastic threshold for postsynaptic firing. ",
"The negative log odds triggers LTD until the synaptic weight reaches its minimum efficacy. ",
"The minimum efficacy is when the presynaptic neuron does not have an effect on the postsynaptic membrane potential (disconnected synapse).",
"\n\nA number of previous empirical studies have provided evidence that Bayesian analysis of sensory stimuli occurs in the brain [@Doya2007a; @Kording2004a; @Rao2002a]. ",
"In Bayesian inference, the hidden causes are inferred using prior knowledge and the likelihood of the observations to obtain a posterior probability. ",
"In the case of two classes $M_1$ and $M_2$, the posterior probability of class $M_1$ is introduced by the sigmoid function as follows [@Bishop2006a] $$p(M_1|x)=\\frac{1}{1+e^{-a}}$$ where $a$ is $$a=\\mathrm{ln} \\frac{p(x|M_1)p(M_1)}{p(x|M_2)p(M_2)}$$ which is interpreted as log odds by $$a=\\mathrm{ln} \\frac{p(M_1|x)}{p(M_2|x)}=\\mathrm{ln} \\frac{p(M_1|x)}{1-p(M_1|x)}\n\\label{eq:oddBishop}$$ Equation (\\[eq:oddBishop\\]) is analogous to the synaptic weight in (\\[eqn:equilibrium\\]).",
"\n\nLimitations and convergence\n---------------------------\n\nWe consider the maximum possible weight value after a series of the LTP events during training. ",
"Does an excitatory synaptic weight converge to some constant or grow without bound as a function of LTP events? ",
"To address this, we start with initial weight, $w^0$. The next synaptic weights after performing $n$ LTP rules are $w^1, w^2, ..., w^n$. According to (\\[AT\\_STDP\\]), $$w^{i+1}=w^i+a^+\\cdot e^{-w^i}\n\\label{Convergence2}$$ The maximum weight change happens when $w^i=0$. So, if we suppose $w^0=0$ (maximum change), the final synaptic weight is obtained by: $$\\label{Wn1}\n\\begin{array}{l}\nw^n=w^0+a^+\\cdot e^{-w^0}+...+a^+\\cdot e^{-w^{n-1}}=a^+\\cdot \\sum_{i=0}^{n-1}e^{-w^i}\n\\end{array}$$ And to find an upper bound for the synaptic weight in $n$ LTP operations, we have: $$\\label{upperbound1}\n\\begin{array}{l}\nw^1=a^+, \\\\ \nw^2=a^+ + a^+\\cdot e^{-a^+} < 2a^+,\\\\\nw^3 < 2a^++a^+\\cdot e^{-2a^+} < 3a^+, \\\\ \nand ... \\\\ \nw^{n-1} < (n-2)a^++a^+\\cdot e^{-(n-2)a^+} < (n-1)a^+ \n\\end{array}$$ Therefore, $$w^n < a^+\\cdot \\sum_{i=0}^{n-1}e^{-ia^+}=a^+\\cdot \\frac{1-e^{-na^+}}{1-e^{-a^+}}\n\\label{upperbound2}$$ Finally, a synaptic weight after infinite iterations of the LTP adjustments (with $0<a^+<1$) will fall in range $(0, 1.582)$ where, $1.582$ is an upper bound if $a^+ = 1$.\n\nIzhikevich’s Neuron Model\n=========================\n\nIzhikevich’s model for the RS spiking neuron concisely, but accurately, captures the spike-generation dynamics of one subtype of pyramidal neuron [@Izhikevich2003a; @Izhikevich2007a]. ",
"We used a simplified version of this so that it would be compatible with the SNN implementation (We only use the first generated spike). ",
"Its spike-generation dynamics is specified in Equation Set (\\[eqn:Izhikevich1\\]) using state variables $V$ and $U$.\n\n\\[eqn:Izhikevich1\\] $$\\begin{aligned}\nC\\frac{dV}{dt}&=k(V-V_{\\mathrm{rest}})(V-V_{\\mathrm{th}})-U+I_{\\mathrm{tot}}\\\\\n\\frac{dU}{dt}&=a[b(V-V_{\\mathrm{rest}})-U]%\\nonumber\\end{aligned}$$\n\n$V$ denotes the membrane potential and $U$ specifies a recovery factor and keeps the membrane potential near the resting value, $V_{\\mathrm{rest}}$.\n\nThe many different parameters: capacity ($C$), threshold ($V_{\\mathrm{th}}$), $a$, $b$, $c$, $d$, and $k$ customize the spike-generation dynamics. ",
"The model parameters to obtain an RS spiking neuron are: $a=0.03, b=-2, U_0=0, \nV_\\mathrm{rest}=0, V_\\mathrm{th}=0.49, C=100, K=0.7$; where $V_\\mathrm{th}$ and $V_\\mathrm{rest}$ were changed according to the model requirements.",
"\n\nThe spike time occurs when $V$ reaches $V_\\mathrm{th}$. $I_{\\mathrm{tot}}$ is set to the net synaptic input.",
"\n\nExperiments and Results\n=======================\n\nWe performed two experiments. ",
"Both experiments compared four network architectures. ",
"Specifically, we studied four types of the 5-layer SNNs as follows:\n\n- [**SNN 1:** The original 5-layer convolutional network of IF spiking neurons in [@Masquelier2007a] with the original parameters.]{}",
"\n\n- [**SNN 2:** The SNN equipped with our probabilistic STDP learning rule.]{}",
"\n\n- [**SNN 3:** The original SNN using Izhikevich-like neurons instead of IF neurons. ]{}",
"\n\n- [**SNN 4:** The SNN using Izhikevich-like neurons and equipped with the probabilistic STDP rule.]{}",
"\n\nIn all of the SNNs, the learning parameter $a^+=2^{-6}$ at the beginning and is multiplied by $2$ every $400$ postsynaptic spikes, until a maximum value of $2^{-2}$. $a^-$ is adjusted such that $a^+/a^-=4/3$.\n\n![",
"Sample images from the Caltech dataset. ",
"The top row shows face examples and the bottom row shows background examples.[]{data-label=\"fig:noNoisesamples\"}](DataSet.jpg){width=\"8.5cm\"}\n\nExperiment 1\n------------\n\n### Method\n\nTo compare with the original work [@Masquelier2007a], we evaluated the SNN using a subset of the Caltech dataset (http://www.vision.caltech.edu/archive.html) containing faces (positive class) and background images (negative class) that was used in the original model. ",
"We also compared motorbikes to background images. ",
"Images were converted to gray-scale as described in [@Masquelier2007a]. ",
"Examples images for face and background appear in Fig.",
" \\[fig:noNoisesamples\\] (more examples, including motorbikes, are given in [@Masquelier2007a]). ",
"The dataset was equally divided into training and testing sets.",
"\n\nIn one simulation, the SNNs were applied on the face/background (non-face) training samples. ",
"In a second simulation, the bike/background data was used.",
"\n\nThese simulations produced ten class-specific C2 features. ",
"Each C2 cell represents a combination of edges in respect to an input image. ",
"A representation of the input images can be reconstructed by convolving the weight matrix with a set of kernels representing oriented bars [@Masquelier2007a]. ",
"During the training process, initial iterations do not show a clear reconstructed preferred stimulus. ",
"After training, the C2 features are able to represent the face images. ",
"Thus, the C2 features developed selectivity to face features. ",
"Learning was stopped after 1000 iterations while the weight matrices were saved after each 100 iterations to track the learning process.",
"\n\nThe trained network was evaluated using the testing set. ",
"Following [@Masquelier2007a], we used two measures for evaluating the model: 1) the accuracy rate when the false positive rate equals the missed rate (equilibrium point); and, 2) A term of area under the receiver operator characteristic (ROC).",
"\n\n### Results and discussion\n\nFig.",
" \\[fig:barchartsAcc\\] shows the maximum accuracy rate obtained from the SNN models (**SNN 1** through **SNN 4**). ",
"It also includes standard errors of the mean. ",
"These were computed by running each simulation nine times ($n=9$) with a different set of initial values for the weights. ",
"Different subsamples for training and testing data were not used in this first experiment but they were used in second experiment. ",
"Fig.",
" \\[fig:barchartsAcc\\] shows a trend that the probabilistic STDP rule gives better accuracy regardless of whether the IF neuron (**SNN1** vs **SNN2**) or the Izhikevich-like neuron is used (**SNN3** vs **SNN4**). ",
"The overall performance for the motorbikes data was lower. ",
"Fig.",
" \\[fig:barchartsROC\\] illustrates the same pattern of results for the maximum ROC obtained from the SNN models for both face and motorbike datasets.",
"\n\nTwo-tailed t-tests were performed to assess the statistical significance of the accuracy trends. ",
"The following comparisons were performed: **SNN1** versus **SNN2**, **SNN3** versus **SNN4**, and **SNN1** versus **SNN4** for both faces and motorbikes. ",
"The results are shown in Figs.",
" \\[fig:barchartsAcc\\] and \\[fig:barchartsROC\\] in terms of $p<0.1$ (\\*), $p<0.05$ (\\*\\*), $p<0.01$ (\\*\\*\\*), and $p<0.005$ (\\*\\*\\*\\*). ",
"The differences reached more significance for the network that used Izhikevich-like neurons. ",
"Thus, we claim that our probabilistic variant STDP rule significantly improves performance when Izhikevich-like neurons are used, either with faces or motorbikes.",
"\n\n![",
"Summary of performance for face and bike recognition in term of accuracy rate in equilibrium point (%).[]{data-label=\"fig:barchartsAcc\"}](ACC_Bar.jpg){width=\"7cm\"}\n\n![",
"Summary of performance for face and bike recognition in term of area under the ROC curve (%).[]{data-label=\"fig:barchartsROC\"}](ROC_Bar.jpg){width=\"7cm\"}\n\nFig.",
" \\[fig:reconstruction\\] shows reconstructions for the ten C2 cells on the face data for the four SNNs. ",
"They indicate that face-like features were discovered by all SNN variants. ",
"Thus, that property of the original SNN in [@Masquelier2007a] is shown to be robust under the changes introduced in this experiment.",
"\n\n![",
"Reconstructions for the 10 features having developed selectivity to face features. (",
"A) through (D) specify the reconstructions of **SNN 1** through **SNN 4** respectively.[]{data-label=\"fig:reconstruction\"}](SNN_Constructors_All.jpg){width=\"8.5cm\"}\n\nFig.",
" \\[fig:reconstructionIter\\] shows the reconstructions for a selected face feature during the training process (100 to 1000 iterations) for each of the SNNs. ",
"Qualitatively, the results are similar for all of the SNNs.",
"\n\n![",
"Reconstructions of a selected face feature for **SNN 1** through **SNN4** during the training process in 100 through 1000 iterations.[]{data-label=\"fig:reconstructionIter\"}](Iteration_Constructor.jpg){width=\"8.5cm\"}\n\nFig.",
" \\[fig:cmp3\\] shows the accuracy results for all of SNNs applied to the faces data. ",
"The most salient trend is that **SNN 3** and **SNN 4**, which both use the Izhikevich-like units, perform better relatively early in the training, at iterations 200 and 300, but the advantage is lost later in the training. ",
"Also, **SNN 3** seems to perform slightly worse than the others. ",
"Standard errors were not computed, but this was done in Experiment 2.",
"\n\nExperiment 2\n------------\n\nThe results in Experiment 1 need further exploration because, first, the results are possibly compromised by ceiling effects (especially for the faces data) and, second, we did not perform cross-validation by using different samples of training and testing data.",
"\n\n### Method\n\nTo address the possible ceiling effect, we used noisy test images (Gaussian noise with zero mean and standard deviation of $0.3$) for the testing phase. ",
"The purpose was to reduce the accuracy rate so that ceiling effects were no longer an issue. ",
"Five sets of runs ($n=5$) were performed for both faces and motorbikes. ",
"Both testing and training images sets had 218 items. ",
"For each simulation, 175 items were sampled from each set to be used in that simulation. ",
"Standard errors were computed for each of 40 data points.",
"\n\n### Results and discussion\n\nFig.",
" \\[fig:noisyFaces\\_All\\] shows the face results for all of SNNs (**SNN 1** through **SNN 4**) including standard errors. ",
"Fig.",
" \\[fig:noisyMotorbikes\\_All\\] shows the results for motorbikes. ",
"In both figures the accuracy rates are below 97 percent, so using the noisy images eliminated the complication of a ceiling effect. ",
"For the faces (Fig.",
" \\[fig:noisyFaces\\_All\\]), all of the trends shown in Fig.",
" \\[fig:cmp3\\] are preserved in these results. ",
"Most notably, the trend where the probabilistic STDP variant improves accuracy regardless of whether IF units or Izhikevich-like units are used still persists. ",
"For the motorbikes, the proposed probabilistic STDP performs better; however, the accuracy performances are close across all manipulations. ",
"From the data taken as a whole, we can also conclude that the original model is robust across the manipulations.",
"\n\n![",
"Accuracy rate of **SNN 1** through **SNN 4** at equilibrium point in 100 through 1000 learning iterations. (",
"Experiment 1)[]{data-label=\"fig:cmp3\"}](AJAB1.jpg){width=\"8.5cm\"}\n\n![",
"Accuracy of face/non-face recognition for noisy images applied to **SNN 1** through **SNN 4** for 100 through 1000 learning iterations. (",
"Experiment 2)[]{data-label=\"fig:noisyFaces_All\"}](AJAB2.jpg){width=\"8.5cm\"}\n\n![",
"Accuracy rates of motorbike/non-motorbike recognition for noisy images applied to **SNN 1** through **SNN 4** for 100 through 1000 learning iterations. (",
"Experiment 2)[]{data-label=\"fig:noisyMotorbikes_All\"}](AJAB3.jpg){width=\"8.5cm\"}\n\nControl Experiments\n-------------------\n\nExperiments 1 and 2 strongly suggest that the proposed probabilistic STDP rule improves the network performance in comparison to the original one. ",
"We ran two additional control experiments to improve our confidence in this result. ",
"The first experiment controlled for weight selection and the second experiment tested several other object categories.",
"\n\nFigs.",
" \\[fig:reconstruction\\] and \\[fig:reconstructionIter\\] show more selected weights for probabilistic STDP (lines in face features). ",
"Hence, is the advantage of the probabilistic rule because it selected more weights? ",
"To address this, ten experiments with different $a^+/a^-$ ratios were run on the face recognition task to assess the effect of the number of selected weights on accuracy. ",
"Fig.",
" \\[fig:weightsvsacc\\] shows the accuracy rate versus average number of the selected weights. ",
"This figure shows that the probabilistic rule consistently outperforms the classic rule for a given number of selected weights.",
"\n\n![",
"Accuracy rates of **SNN 1** and **SNN 2** versus average number of selected weights after training. ",
"Data points were obtained by 10 different training runs for each SNN with $a^+/a^-=4/9, 4/8, 4/7, 4/6, 4/5, 4/4, 4/3, 4/2, 4,$ and $8$. The trend lines show better performance of the probabilistic variation of the STDP introduced in this paper.[]{data-label=\"fig:weightsvsacc\"}](weightsvsacc.jpg){width=\"8.5cm\"}\n\nAdditionally, a subset of the 3D-Object images provided by Savarese et al. ",
"at CVGLab, Stanford University [@Savarese2007a] was used for new experiments. ",
"The accuracy rates of **SNN 1** through **SNN 4** are shown in Fig.",
" \\[fig:3dres\\]. ",
"This figure shows better performance of probabilistic STDP (**SNN 2** and **SNN 4**) than original one (**SNN 1** and **SNN 3** respectively) in 12 out of 16 cases.",
"\n\n![",
"Accuracy rates of the SNNs for recognizing eight sets of 3D-objects provided in [@Savarese2007a].[]{data-label=\"fig:3dres\"}](3dresults.jpg){width=\"10cm\"}\n\nConclusion\n==========\n\nThis paper studied the performance of the spiking network given in [@Masquelier2007a] when the original STDP learning rule was replaced with a novel rule that had a probabilistic interpretation and also when the model neuron was changed from an IF neuron to an Izhikevich-like neuron. ",
"Our findings are the following. ",
"First, our experiments introduced a probabilistic STDP variant which improved the accuracy rate. ",
"Most notably, the magnitude of the weight adjustments for LTP was an exponential function of the weight magnitude. ",
"This is an entirely different type of rule. ",
"Second, when we replaced the non-leaky IF neurons with Izhikevich-like neurons, accuracy performance remained robust. ",
"This is significant because the IF neuron is the simplest possible spike generator whereas the Izhikevich neuron has a much more complicated spike generation mechanism.",
"\n\nOur main conclusion is that our probabilistic variant of STDP improved performance for instances of the model that used either IF neurons or Izhikevich-like neurons. ",
"A secondary conclusion is that the original model is robust against more biologically realistic neurons (Izhikevich-like RS neurons). ",
"Although Izhikevich-like neuron did not improve the performance, considering the nature of the manipulations, new knowledge has in fact been obtained. ",
"We are not aware of other work that has studied variations of this model.",
"\n\nA priori, one would expect that the most likely effect of any drastic change, like those listed above, would impair network performance, but instead, the performance remained robust. ",
"Future researchers experimenting with this model, for instance to build a deep spiking network, can have some measure of confidence that the performance of the individual S/C modules will remain robust when placed in a larger context.",
"\n\nSerre, T., Wolf, W., Bileschi, S. Riesenhuber, M., Poggio, T., Robust object recognition with cortex-like mechanisms, *IEEE Transactions on Pattern Analysis and Machine Intelligence*, 29(3), 411-426, 2007.",
"\n\nLeCun, Y., Bengio, Y., Convolutional networks for images, speech, and time series. ",
"In *Handbook of brain theory and neural networks (1st ed)*, 255-258, MIT Press, 1995.",
"\n\nFukushima, K., Neocognitron: A self-organizing neural network model for a mechanism of pattern recognition unaffected by shift in position. *",
"Biological Cybernetics*, 36, 193-202, 1980.",
"\n\nThorpe, S., Fize, D., Marlot, C., Speed of processing in the human visual system. *",
"Nature*, 381, 520-522, 1996.",
"\n\nMasquelier, T., Thorpe. ",
"S. J., Unsupervised learning of visual features through spike timing dependent plasticity. *",
"PLoS Computational Biology*, 3(2), e31, 247-257, 2007.",
"\n\nKheradpisheh, S. R., Ganjtabesh, M., Masquelier, T., Bio-inspired Unsupervised Learning of Visual Features Leads to Robust Invariant Object Recognition. ",
"arXiv preprint arXiv:1504.03871, 2015, to appear in *Neurocomputing*.",
"\n\nKrizhevsky, A., Sutskever, I., Hinton, G., Image[N]{}et classification with deep convolutional neural networks. *",
"Advances in neural information processing systems (NIPS) 25*, 1097-1105, 2012.",
"\n\nIzhikevich, Eugene M., Simple model of spiking neurons. *",
"IEEE Transactions on neural networks*, 14(6), 1569-1572, 2003.",
"\n\nIzhikevich, Eugene M., *Dynamical systems in neuroscience*. ",
"MIT press, 2007.",
"\n\nMasquelier, Timothée, and Simon J. Thorpe, Learning to recognize objects using waves of spikes and spike-timing-dependent plasticity. *",
"The 2010 International IEEE Joint Conference on Neural Networks (IJCNN)*, 2010.",
"\n\nNessler, B., Pfeiffer, M., Maass, W., STDP enables spiking neurons to detect hidden causes of their inputs. *",
"Advances in neural information processing systems*, 1357-1365, 2009.",
"\n\nNessler, B., Pfeiffer, M., Buesing L., Maass, W., Bayesian computation emerges in generic cortical microcircuits through spike-timing-dependent plasticity. *[",
"PL]{}o[S]{} Computational Biology*, 9(4): e1003037, 1-30, 2013.",
"\n\nMarkram, H., Gerstner, W., Sjöström, P. J., Spike-timing-dependent plasticity: A comprehensive overview. *",
"Frontiers in Synaptic Neuroscience*, 4(2), 1-3, 2011.",
"\n\nSong, Sen, and Larry F. Abbott, Cortical development and remapping through spike timing-dependent plasticity. *",
"Neuron*, 32(2), 339-350, 2001.",
"\n\nGuyonneau, R., VanRullen, R., Thorpe, S., Neurons tune to the earliest spikes through STDP. *",
"Neural Computation*, 17, 858-579, 2005.",
"\n\nMasquelier, Timothée, Rudy Guyonneau, and Simon J. Thorpe, Competitive STDP-based spike pattern learning. *",
"Neural computation*, 21(5), 1259-1276, 2009.",
"\n\nDoya Kenji, *Bayesian brain: Probabilistic approaches to neural coding*, MIT press, 2007.",
"\n\nKörding, Konrad P., and Daniel M. Wolpert, Bayesian integration in sensorimotor learning. *",
"Nature*, 427, 244-247, 2004.",
"\n\nRezende, D. J., Wierstra, D., Gerstner, W., Variational learning for recurrent spiking networks. *",
"Advances in Neural Information Processing Systems*, 136-144, 2011.",
"\n\nJolivet, R., Rauch, A., Lüscher, H. R., Gerstner, W, Predicting spike timing of neocortical pyramidal neurons by simple threshold models. *",
"Journal of computational neuroscience*, 21(1), 35-49, 2006.",
"\n\nKappel, David, Bernhard Nessler, and Wolfgang Maass, STDP installs in winner-take-all circuits an online approximation to hidden [M]{}arkov model learning. *[",
"PL]{}o[S]{} Computational Biology*, 10(3): e1003511, 1-22, 2014.",
"\n\nTavanaei, Amirhossein, and Anthony S. Maida, Studying the interaction of a hidden Markov model with a Bayesian spiking neural network. *",
"IEEE 25th International Workshop on Machine Learning for Signal Processing (MLSP)*, Boston, MA, USA, 2015.",
"\n\nBland, J. Martin, and Douglas G. Altman, Statistics Notes: The odds ratio. *",
"BMJ*, 320(7247), 1468, 2000.",
"\n\nRao RPN, Olshausen BA, Lewicki MS, *Probabilistic Models of the Brain*. ",
"MIT Press, 2002.",
"\n\nBishop, Christopher M., *Pattern recognition and machine learning*. ",
"Springer, New York, 2006.",
"\n\nSavarese S., Fei-Fei L., 3D generic object categorization, localization and pose estimation, *IEEE 11th International Conference on Computer Vision (ICCV)*, 1–8, 2007.",
"\n\n[^1]: tavanaei@louisiana.edu\n\n[^2]: timothee.masquelier@alum.mit.edu\n\n[^3]: maida@cacs.louisiana.edu\n\n[^4]: 2016 IEEE. ",
"Personal use of this material is permitted. ",
"Permission from IEEE must be obtained for all other uses, in any current or future media, including reprinting/republishing this material for advertising or promotional purposes, creating new collective works, for resale or redistribution to servers or lists, or reuse of any copyrighted component of this work in other works.",
"\n"
] | {
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"chelsea sweet - i am a horny hot blond chick, so come over and let's just fuckSex Category: Babes\n\n0\n\n0\n\n5\n\nDani Wild - Party girl with natural boobs and bubble butt! ",
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[
"By now, this news is a few days old, but there was something I wanted to check on before noting it. ",
"Here’s the story:\n\nNASA’s Kepler spacecraft has discovered the first confirmed planetary system with more than one planet crossing in front of, or transiting, the same star.",
"\n\nThe transit signatures of two distinct planets were seen in the data for the sun-like star designated Kepler-9. ",
"The planets were named Kepler-9b and 9c. ",
"The discovery incorporates seven months of observations of more than 156,000 stars as part of an ongoing search for Earth-sized planets outside our solar system. ",
"The findings will be published in this week’s issue of the journal Science.",
"\n\nKepler’s ultra-precise camera measures tiny decreases in stars’ brightness that occur when a planet transits them. ",
"The size of the planet can be derived from these temporary dips.",
"\n\nThe distance of the planet from a star can be calculated by measuring the time between successive dips as the planet orbits the star. ",
"Small variations in the regularity of these dips can be used to determine the masses of planets and detect other non-transiting planets in the system.",
"\n\nWhat struck me as interesting about this is how fast the planets are orbiting, which, apparently, related to how close in to the star they are. ",
"I wonder what the typical planetary system looks like, in terms of the distribution of larger vs. smaller planet. ",
"This could have implications as we play the game of messing around with Drake equation like calculations (but for life in general).",
"\n\nWould it be possible to assert that a small (“Class M” if you will) planet close enough to a certain size star is more likely to have life, and that large gaseous Jovian planets swooping around in the inner regions of a solar system would reduce the likelihood of that? ",
"Or, are Jovian ‘inner’ planets likely to have numerous “Class M” satellites, like this one?",
"\n\nMy understanding (I asked NASA) is that we basically don’t know this at the present time but characterizing the overall pattern of ‘solar systems’ is an objective of the mission. ",
"So stay tuned.",
"\n\nRelated\n\nComments\n\nWould it be possible to assert that a small (“Class M” if you will) planet close enough to a certain size star is more likely to have life, and that large gaseous Jovian planets swooping around in the inner regions of a solar system would reduce the likelihood of that?",
"\n\nYes, mostly. ",
"At least, life based on the kind of chemistry our life uses. ",
"We need liquid water, which puts restrictions on temperature – not too hot, not too cold – the “Goldilocks zone”.",
"\n\nIt’s generally assumed that wild swings in temperature would be problematic for getting life started, too – so eccentric orbits are presumed to be less hospitable. ",
"And big Jovians close to the star can destabilize smaller planets, which would tend to kick them out of the “Goldilocks zone”.",
"\n\nOf course, these assumptions may be too restrictive. ",
"There may be “life as we don’t know it.” ",
"But until we find some, we won’t know about it. ",
"🙂\n\nMy intuition tells me that our current methods for detecting exoplanets are biased in favor of close-in planets. ",
"Our main methods are by detecting the gravitational pull (proportional to 1/r^2 where r is the distance from the star to the planet’s orbit) or by detecting a transit (geometry favors close-in planets as they are more likely and more frequently aligned). ",
"I know of only one system that has been detected by direct imaging, and that is the very nearby Fomalhaut system, where we can resolve the angular separation between the star and its planets in Neptune-like orbits. ",
"It’s also obvious that all three methods favor big planets, which are brighter, more massive, and more likely to be observed transiting.",
"\n\nI’ve been trying to put together a presentation on exoplanets and the subject keeps moving faster than I can keep up. ",
"From what I read, the large, closely orbiting hot jupiters are thought to have migrated inward from Jupiter-to-Neptune orbits. ",
"This migration would disturb and probably destroy any earthlike planets. ",
"So, I’m very eager to see earth-size planets in earth-like orbits where there is also a hot jupiter, as that would turn over the understanding of how these large planets got where there are and thus increase the chance of finding earthlike planets.",
"\n\nAbout this blog\n\nThe science is mostly climate change, life science, evolution, and science education. ",
"The science policy and politics is mostly about climate change and the evolution-creationism false controversy. ",
"The technology is mostly about Linux, regular normal person computer use, kids programming, and now and then, household items.",
"\n\nAs an Anthropologist and Africanist, I often write about those topics as well.",
"\n\nUsually, I write about one or two topics for a while then shift to something different. ",
"This is not systematic, and has to do with context and external forces such as: Is this a presidential election year? ",
"Are we having an El Nino? ",
"Is there a fight going on somewhere about teaching creationism in a public school? ",
"Did I just get a cool new robot toy? ",
"Like that.",
"\n\nSo, if you don't find the most recent few posts interesting, have a look at the topics below. ",
"But, of course, chances are you got here with a Google search and you'll never read this \"about\" thing."
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0.011080224998295307,
0.000550940225366503,
0.0005713132559321821,
0.0006161635392345488,
0.000704420090187341,
0.0005758518818765879,
0.000579029438085854,
0.0006047635688446462,
0.0009215406607836485,
0.0008372626034542918,
0.0010578848887234926,
0.0013685534941032529,
0.0005646386416628957,
0.000759266025852412
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[
"Q:\n\nclassic asp multiple button click\n\nI have 2 asp pages.",
"\n\nFeedback_Administration_Update.asp\nFeedback_Administration.asp\n\nMy HTML form:\n<form ACTION=\"Feedback_Administration_Update.asp\" METHOD=POST NAME=\"form\">\n <input type=\"button\" value=\"Submit\" onclick=\"javascript:Checkit();\" name=\"btnSubmit\">\n <input type=\"reset\" value=\"Reset\" onclick=\"javascript:document.location=location\">\n <input type=\"button\" value=\"Send Response to Requester\" name=\"btnSubmit\" onclick=\"javascript:Checkit();\"/>\n</form>\n\nCode in Feedback_Administration_Update.asp file:\ndim buttonPressed\nbuttonPressed=Request.",
"Form(\"btnSubmit\")\nselect case buttonPressed\n case \"Submit\"\n 'update database code \n Response.",
"Redirect \"feedback_administration.asp?ID=\" & regEx.",
"Replace((request.form(\"ID\")), \"''\") & \"&lstPages=\" & Trim(Request(\"lstPages\")) & \"&view=\" & Request(\"view\")& \"&strSuccess1=\" &\"Success\"\n case \"Send Response to Requester\"\n 'mail task code \nEnd Select\n\nI am not sure why they are not working on clicking any button.",
"\nWhen I click on submit the page, it should update the code, when I click on submit Send Response to Requester, it should send email.",
"\n\nA:\n\nThe value of button inputs is not sent to the server. ",
"You need to use ordinary submit buttons, and to have validation code you can cancel their onclick event:\n<input type=\"submit\" value=\"Submit\" onclick=\"return Checkit();\" name=\"btnSubmit\" />\n<input type=\"submit\" value=\"Send Response to Requester\" name=\"btnSubmit\" onclick=\"return Checkit();\" />\n\nTo make it work, change your JavaScript function in two ways. ",
"First, don't make it submit the form and second have it return true upon successful validation and false otherwise, e.g.:\nfunction Checkit() {\n //validate your stuff..\n if ([all is good]) {\n //don't submit the form here, the submit button will do that.",
"\n return true;\n }\n\n //indicate that something was wrong, cancel form submission:\n return false;\n}\n\nHaving this in place will cause Request.",
"Form(\"btnSubmit\") to hold the desired value.",
"\n\n"
] | {
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"Entrepreneurs thinking outside the box to help first home buyers jump on the property ladder is one way to help solve the housing affordability problem in cities such as Sydney, according to one NSW politician.",
"\n\nAt the launch of digital property platform Kohab, which has been described as “the Tinder for real estate”, NSW parliamentary secretary for finance, service and property Alister Henskens said private initiatives such as these were allowing Sydneysiders build equity in real estate where they would otherwise be locked out of the market.",
"\n\nKohab is an online marketplace that matches people with other buyers who want to co-own a property, either to live in or rent out as an investment, that would otherwise be unaffordable to purchase on their own.",
"\n\n“[These platforms] will allow people to, in a more manageable way, start getting equity in real estate at an earlier point in time,” Mr Henskens said.",
"\n\n“I’ve held four or five properties in my life, the nature of the exercise is that you want to get into the real estate market, build some equity and use that equity to buy your next property,” he said.",
"\n\nWhen asked what more could be done to help with housing affordability in Sydney, Mr Henskens said the problem was that not enough people were prepared to move out to cheaper areas.",
"\n\n“People in the 50s or 60s would go out west and travel into work. ",
"Now people are less willing to do that … they want their first home to be close to the city and that’s obviously where the highest prices are,” he said.",
"\n\nIn terms of the growing intergenerational divide of home ownership between Gen Y and their parents, Mr Henskens believed the combination of first home owner schemes, stamp duty concessions and entrepreneurial platforms like Kohab would “slowly remediate the gap over time”.",
"\n\nKohab isn’t the first online platform to tap into the sharing economy to allow first home buyers to fulfil their dream of owning at a time when young Australians are increasingly priced out of the market.",
"\n\nOther platforms that offer co-ownership of property include fractional investments like DomaCom, BrickX and CoVesta.",
"\n\n“If you’ve got two or three people buying together who couldn’t have possibly bought on their own then all of a sudden they’re able to get into a property and they’re able to share the costs of that property,” Kohab founder Mr Dawson said. “",
"Their need for a deposit is halved or [cut by a] third depending on how many people they buy with”.",
"\n\nHe argued the model was different to existing fractional investment models because Kohab was not a fund manager or an investment platform and didn’t charge management or transaction fees.",
"\n\n“From a platform point of view, we don’t operate through a trust – it’s real property which transfers to other people. ",
"So effectively all parties could agree to sell the property on the open market and put it on the listing portal. ",
"One person might want to buy the other person out and they’ll negotiate a price and they’ll move that ownership over. ",
"It’s around having your name on the title and splitting the title according to your ownership,” Mr Dawson.",
"\n\n“I think it comes down to practical basis, we’re basically saying two to four is fairly common but I guess five couples potentially buying something together as a second home or a holiday place, that’s possible as well,” Mr Dawson said.",
"\n\nReal Estate Institute of New South Wales president Leanne Pilkington said this latest offering was a more-secure route for many family and friends who had already gone down that path in an ad hoc way.",
"\n\n“I think a lot of parents will take a lot of advantage of it because we already see a lot of parents helping their children buy property. ",
"What choice do you have when the median price in Sydney is a million dollars,” Mrs Pilkington said.",
"\n\n“You can’t do it on your own as first home buyer so I think it will give families that security that they can do it properly,” she said.",
"\n\nMr Dawson rejected claims his co-ownership business would further widen the gap between the “haves and have nots”.",
"\n\n“I can’t see how that would happen because we’re moving people that are renting into buying and then obviously, there will be more rental properties available so I don’t see a knock-on effect at all,” he said."
] | {
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0.0010058057960122824,
0.0008322491776198149
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[
"This invention relates to providing a system for improved risk assessment in market trading. ",
"More particularly, this invention relates to providing a system for risk assessment from multiple independent risk factors across multiple time frames.",
"\nIn trading any market vehicle, over a period of time, technicians and economists seek to identify risks as early as possible. ",
"However, early pin-point detection, optimal sequencing, categorization, and confirmation of the risks are difficult in real-time (as they happen); this leads to delayed entry and exit in market trades. ",
"Further, multiple confirmations of risks delay entries and exits in market trades even longer.",
"\nA system is needed to identify and confirm risks in real-time, as the risks develop. ",
"Further, a system is needed that will identify and confirm risks in user-desired time frames and at any stage of a trend."
] | {
"pile_set_name": "USPTO Backgrounds"
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0.0005295120063237846,
0.0005393623723648489
] | 0.000553 | 7 |
[
"Denis Bertolini\n\nDenis Bertolini (born 13 December 1977 in Rovereto) is an Italian former professional road racing cyclist.",
"\n\nMajor results\n2001\n 1st Road race, Mediterranean Games\n2004\n 1st Stages 2 & 6 Circuit de Lorraine\n 1st Stage 2 Peace Race\n\nReferences\n\nCategory:1977 births\nCategory:Living people\nCategory:Italian male cyclists\nCategory:Mediterranean Games gold medalists for Italy\nCategory:Mediterranean Games medalists in cycling\nCategory:Competitors at the 2001 Mediterranean Games"
] | {
"pile_set_name": "Wikipedia (en)"
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[
"Q:\n\nValue not being returned\n\nbeing new to this I am probably doing something silly somewhere which is breaking the code. ",
"Have taken a look at some similar posts but found nothing that helps. ",
"\nSo, the issue I am having is when I attempt to print newmarbles at the end it is saying it is not defined. ",
"I assume I am doing something wrong in terms of returning the value? ",
"Thanks in advance for any help. ",
"\nimport random\n\ndef playNovice(marbles):\n aimove = random.randint(1, (marbles/2))\n print(\"AI Move\", aimove)\n newmarbles = marbles - aimove\n return newmarbles\n\ndef userPlay(marbles):\n usermove = int(input(\"Enter your move: \"))\n while usermove > marbles / 2 or usermove == 0:\n print(\"Invalid Move\")\n usermove = int(input(\"Enter your move: \"))\n else:\n newmarbles = marbles - usermove\n return newmarbles\n\ndifficulty = input(\"Which difficulty? ",
"novice or expert: \")\nmarbles = 100\nplayNovice(marbles)\nuserPlay(marbles)\nprint(newmarbles)\n\nA:\n\nThe scope of newmarbles is local to playNovice(). ",
"You should assign the returned value to a variable, which may have the same name:\nnewmarbles = playNovice(marbles)\nuserPlay(marbles)\nprint(newmarbles)\n\n"
] | {
"pile_set_name": "StackExchange"
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0.0006697569624520838,
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[
"/**\n * Licensed to the Apache Software Foundation (ASF) under one\n * or more contributor license agreements. ",
" See the NOTICE file\n * distributed with this work for additional information\n * regarding copyright ownership. ",
" The ASF licenses this file\n * to you under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the\n * \"License\"); you may not use this file except in compliance\n * with the License. ",
" You may obtain a copy of the License at\n *\n * http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0\n *\n * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing,\n * software distributed under the License is distributed on an\n * \"AS IS\" BASIS, WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY\n * KIND, either express or implied. ",
" See the License for the\n * specific language governing permissions and limitations\n * under the License.",
"\n */\n\npackage org.apache.storm.spout;\n\nimport java.nio.",
"ByteBuffer;\nimport java.util.",
"List;\n\nimport org.apache.storm.tuple.",
"Fields;\n\nimport static org.apache.storm.utils.Utils.tuple;\n\npublic class RawScheme implements Scheme {\n private static final long serialVersionUID = 6098042939916415521L;\n\n @Override\n public List<Object> deserialize(ByteBuffer ser) {\n byte[] bytes = new byte[ser.remaining()];\n ser.get(bytes);\n return tuple(bytes);\n }\n\n @Override\n public Fields getOutputFields() {\n return new Fields(\"bytes\");\n }\n}\n"
] | {
"pile_set_name": "Github"
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0.02987099252641201,
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] | 0.004099 | 9 |
[
"package scalatron.scalatron.impl\n\n/** This material is intended as a community resource and is licensed under the\n * Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 Unported License. ",
"Feel free to use, modify and share it.",
"\n */\n\nimport java.io.",
"File\n\n\ncase class PluginDirectory(pluginDirectory: File) {\n case class VersionedPlugin(version: Int, plugin: File)\n\n val botfile_r = \"\"\"ScalatronBot_(\\d+)\\.jar\"\"\".r\n val botfile_f = \"ScalatronBot_%d.jar\"\n\n def mostRecentPlugin: Option[File] = {\n mostRecentPluginWithVersion.map(_.plugin)\n }\n\n def nextFilename: File = {\n val nextVersion = mostRecentPluginWithVersion.map(_.version).getOrElse(0) + 1\n val filePath = pluginDirectory.getCanonicalPath + \"/\" + botfile_f.format(nextVersion)\n new File(filePath)\n }\n\n private def mostRecentPluginWithVersion : Option[VersionedPlugin] = {\n val botnums = enumFiles\n\n if (botnums.isEmpty) {\n None\n } else {\n val most_recent = botnums.maxBy(_.version)\n Some(most_recent)\n }\n }\n\n private def enumFiles: Array[VersionedPlugin] = {\n val files = pluginDirectory.listFiles()\n val botnums = files.filter(file => botfile_r.findFirstIn(file.getName) match {\n case Some(num) => true\n case None => false\n }).map(file => botfile_r.findFirstIn(file.getName) match {\n case Some(num) => {\n val botfile_r(num2) = file.getName\n VersionedPlugin(num2.toInt, file)\n }\n })\n botnums\n }\n}\n"
] | {
"pile_set_name": "Github"
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0.000633631250821054,
0.0005673175910487771,
0.0008099164115265012,
0.005044224672019482
] | 0.001764 | 4 |
[
"module github.com/tetafro/godot\n\ngo 1.13\n"
] | {
"pile_set_name": "Github"
} | [
0.002369348658248782
] | 0.002369 | 1 |
[
"Crabro cingulatus\n\nCrabro cingulatus is a species of square-headed wasp in the family Crabronidae. ",
"It is found in Central America and North America.",
"\n\nReferences\n\nFurther reading\n\n \n\nCategory:Crabronidae\nCategory:Insects described in 1867"
] | {
"pile_set_name": "Wikipedia (en)"
} | [
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0.0010005959775298834,
0.0005939897382631898
] | 0.006596 | 3 |
[
"Reference ranges and impact of selected confounders on classic serum and urinary renal markers in neonatal period.",
"\nRenal injury in term and pre-term neonates may be an antecedent to chronic kidney disease in the child's further life. ",
"The aim of the paper was to compile a reference range for selected serum and urinary renal markers in the neonatal period for full-term (FT) and pre-term (PT) newborns. ",
"The prospective study included 23 FT infants (birth weight - BW≥2500g and gestational age - GA≥37Hbd) and 32 PT children (BW<2500g and GA<37Hbd) in good general condition, without acute kidney injury (AKI) or sepsis. ",
"Between the 4th and 28th DOL, urinary concentrations of the studied renal markers (uCr, uNa, uOsm) were determined on a daily basis, while serum creatinine (SCr) was assessed minimum every 48-72h. ",
"The mean GA and BW of the FT and PT infants were respectively as follows: 38.5±1.7Hbd; 3433±495.2g and 32.7±2.6Hbd; 1836.7±419.8g. For serum glomerular (SCr, eGFR) and tubular markers (FENa, RFI), the median values with normal ranges were compiled. ",
"For urinary renal markers (uCr, uNa, uOsm) and those values standardized for kg of body weight, percentile tables for 4-28DOL were elaborated. ",
"The study has resulted in determining the normal ranges of serum glomerular and tubular renal markers, as well as percentile tables of selected urinary renal parameters during the neonatal period. ",
"The percentile tables may prove to be helpful for further standardization of other urinary parameters per urinary creatinine in neonatal population."
] | {
"pile_set_name": "PubMed Abstracts"
} | [
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0.0006591709679923952,
0.0006593760917894542,
0.0016496841562911868
] | 0.001171 | 9 |
[
"(Photo by JIM WATSON/AFP via Getty Images)\n\n(CNSNews.com) - President Donald Trump celebrated having confirmed more than 150 judges to the federal bench during a ceremony at the White House on Wednesday.",
"\n\n\n\n“From the beginning of my campaign, I promised to appoint judges who will adhere to the true and original meaning of our Constitution. ",
"This afternoon, that promise was made, and that promise was kept, and I think many times over. ",
"Later today, the Senate will vote on our 158th new judge,” Trump said.",
"\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n“We will have confirmed as I said 112 judges to the federal district courts, 44 judges to the federal circuit courts and two outstanding judges to the United States Supreme Court, and that number’s rapidly rising. ",
"Now one out of every four circuit judges currently on the bench was appointed by this administration, and that number’s now exceeded that by quite a bit. ",
"No president in history has confirmed so many judges - not even close - in such a short period of time,” he said.",
"\n\n\n\nIn total, Trump has 158 judges appointed to the federal courts. ",
"Approximately, one out of every four active judges on the U.S. Court of Appeals has been appointed by Trump.",
"\n\n\n\nThe president also bragged about appointing judges who are younger than former President Barack Obama.",
"\n\n\n\n“The average age of my newly appointed circuit court judges is less than 50. ",
"They’re young, smart, and 10 years younger than President Obama’s nominees. ",
"The pace of appointments is only accelerating. ",
"It’s going very quickly, and then you know at some point, we’re going to have to slow it down, because we’re not going to have any, any openings,” Trump said.",
"\n\n\n\n“We’re on track to have more judges confirmed this year than in the prior two years combined for us, and will be a record in history the number of judges we’re getting in just a short period of time,” the president said.",
"\n\n\n\n“Once all pending nominations are confirmed, I will have appointed about 219 judges, and that number will go up very substantially from there, but the more gains we make, the more aggressive the hard left has become,” Trump warned.",
"\n\n\n\nHe said liberals are using nationwide injunctions to invalidate the president’s executive actions.",
"\n\n\n\n“One of their favorite new tactics is the nationwide injunction. ",
"This very destructive practice enables any one of 673 district judges to single-handedly invalidate critical executive actions and stop the enforcement of duly enacted law,” Trump said.",
"\n\n\n\n“We’ve had it many times, especially when it comes to our border, and when you see what’s going on on the other side of the border, people are starting to say maybe he is right about the wall, and maybe he is right about having a very strong border,” the president added.",
"\n\n\n\n“The activist left only needs to find one partisan resistance judge anywhere in the country to agree with them. ",
"On perhaps no issue have these district court injunctions been more brazen and damaging than in the area of immigration. ",
"In case after case, judges are prohibiting us from enforcing the plain letter of the law,” he said.",
"\n\n\n\nFor example, Trump said, a district judge’s ruling declaring the law that allows the expedited removal of illegal aliens apprehended within two years of entering the United States could only be applied to illegals caught within 14 days.",
"\n\n\n\n“That’s a tiny group of people. ",
"Just a small fraction of what the law expressly allows,” the president said.",
"\n\n\n\nHe said the left wing’s assault on the Constitution has become a personal assault on judicial nominees themselves.",
"\n\n\n\n“Nominees have been attacked in hearings for their religious beliefs. ",
"Our entire nation was stunned by the cruel campaign of lies, and slander, and abuse that was hurled at Justice Brett Kavanaugh, but we refused to cave in,” Trump said. ",
"But Republicans will never back down, he said.",
"\n\n\n\n“While I'm your president, we will continue to nominate highly qualified judges who truly love our Constitution, and I know that Leader McConnell and Chairman Graham are absolutely committed to getting them confirmed quickly, and they have been going quickly,” the president said.",
"\n\n\n\n“Of course, I'd like to get some other people confirmed too, please. ",
"Some of the other people. ",
"Mitch would say, ‘Well, we got to do the judges first.’ ",
"And I always agree with him. ",
"I have a lot of people waiting over there, but he says, ‘I want those judges.’ ",
"And I agree with him,” Trump said.",
"\n\n\n\n“Every judge we have placed on the bench will hear thousands of cases over their careers. ",
"They will ensure equal justice for every party before them, regardless of age, race, income, religion, beliefs, or background. ",
"And they will safeguard the birthright of liberty that belongs to every man, woman, child in our land,” the president added.",
"\n\n\n\n\n\n"
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[
"“President Boyd K. Packer: Farewell to a Master Teacher,” Ensign, August 2015, 1–16\n\n“As one of the Twelve Apostles, I bear witness of the Lord Jesus Christ. ",
"He lives. ",
"He is our Redeemer and our Savior. … ",
"He presides over this Church. ",
"He is no stranger to His servants. ",
"As we move into the future with quiet confidence, His Spirit will be with us.” ",
"1\n\nPhotograph courtesy of Deseret News\n\nPresident Boyd K. Packer, who served as a member of the Quorum of the Twelve Apostles since 1970 and as President of the quorum since 2008, passed away on July 3, 2015. ",
"He is survived by his wife, Donna Smith Packer, and their 10 children.",
"\n\nMembers of The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints lost more than a dedicated leader when President Boyd K. Packer, President of the Quorum of the Twelve Apostles, passed away. ",
"They lost a master teacher who taught even the most complex gospel topics with clarity.",
"\n\nPresident Packer dedicated his life to serving his Heavenly Father and to teaching Heavenly Father’s children, beginning with his own family, continuing with a career in seminary, and then in his worldwide ministry as a General Authority. ",
"He looked to the Savior as his model for teaching. ",
"In his 1975 book Teach Ye Diligently, he wrote:\n\n“Consider, please, that He has declared, ‘What manner of men ought ye to be? ",
"Verily I say unto you, even as I am.’ (",
"3 Nephi 27:27.) …",
"\n\n“I do not hesitate to admit that I desire to teach as He taught. ",
"Though that may be far beyond my capabilities, He is, nevertheless, the ideal. …",
"\n\n“… It is not untoward for any of us to aspire to be like Him.",
"”2\n\nAs a young man, President Packer pledged to God full and unwavering lifelong loyalty.3 He lived out that pledge and left a legacy that will be a spiritual landmark for other disciples of Jesus Christ. ",
"While the world in general might not be aware of all of Boyd K. Packer’s contributions, his works are known to the Source of their inspiration.",
"\n\nEarly Years Photographs courtesy of President Boyd K. Packer, except as noted Boyd Kenneth Packer was born on September 10, 1924, the 10th of 11 children born to Ira Wight Packer and Emma Jensen Packer. ",
"Theirs was a family in which hard work and obedience to gospel principles were simply the way one lived. ",
"Ira was a skilled mechanic who owned an auto-repair garage in Brigham City, Utah, about 60 miles (100 km) north of Salt Lake City. ",
"Both of Ira’s parents came from farming backgrounds. ",
"Emma grew up with a love of nature and the outdoors that would carry over into the life of her son Boyd. ",
"His love of the outdoors, nature, and animals was expressed in much of his artwork, particularly his detailed, sensitive carvings of birds. ",
"President Packer’s carving “Male Blue Jay on Norway Maple Leaves” is on display at a Brigham Young University museum. ",
"His ancestors were pioneers, British on his father’s side and Scandinavian on his mother’s. ",
"The brass door knocker on President Packer’s front door and on the doors of his grandchildren’s homes is modeled after a yoked ox carving he made. ",
"For members of the Packer family, it symbolizes two important things: first, their pioneer ancestry and, second, willingness and faith to take on the yoke of the Master (see Matthew 11:29–30).4 “Sometimes in my growing years I thought we were poor,” he once wrote in a short life history. “",
"I later learned that that was not true. ",
"We just didn’t have any money. ",
"We were always rich in the things most significant in our lives.",
"”5 At age five, Boyd contracted polio. ",
"His illness was diagnosed at the time as pneumonia, and he seemed to recover with no significant aftereffects. ",
"But the polio would come to be a challenge later in life. ",
"Boyd posing with his B-24 bomber crew Because of World War II, he was unable to serve a mission. ",
"In 1943 he joined the United States Army Air Corps, graduating as a pilot in 1944. ",
"He was trained to fly bombers and spent almost a year stationed in Japan after the war was over. ",
"Because of pain he suffered while serving as a pilot, X-rays were taken, showing evidence of his earlier polio in the malformed bones of his knees and hip. (",
"In the last years of his life, the effects of that polio left him using a wheelchair.) ",
"While in the military, he found ample opportunity to study the gospel, reading the Book of Mormon several times. ",
"He referred to that book as “the single most powerful influence in my life.",
"”6 More than once he told the story of gaining his own witness of the truth of the gospel in an isolated bunker one night on a tiny island in the Pacific Ocean. ",
"He walked away from that bunker a different man because he knew. ",
"What had been a belief and a hope had crystalized into certainty. ",
"He knew.7 Boyd baptized Chio Sato; her husband was also baptized that day. ",
"These were the first baptisms in Japan since 1924. ",
"He also found ways to be a missionary. ",
"Boyd K. Packer was one of those Latter-day Saint servicemen who helped reintroduce the gospel in Japan in the mid-1940s. ",
"He was instrumental in bringing Tatsui Sato into the Church, a man whose later work in translation helped many Japanese members enjoy the scriptures and temple ceremonies in their own language.",
"\n\nMarriage and Family Returning home, Boyd enrolled in Weber College (now Weber State University) in Ogden, Utah. ",
"There he met Donna Smith, whom he married on July 28, 1947, in the Logan Utah Temple. ",
"They would become parents of 10 children: Allan, Kenneth, David, Laurel, Russell, Spencer, Gayle, Kathleen, Lawrence, and Eldon. ",
"President Packer always credited his wife for the success of their home life. ",
"He described her as a dynamic woman who had “a great and powerful motivating influence.",
"”8 Her influence on him was described well by a longtime friend, Elder A. Theodore Tuttle (1919–86), of the First Quorum of the Seventy. ",
"He and President Packer served together as teachers and administrators in the Church Educational System. ",
"In a foreword to one of President Packer’s books, his friend Theodore wrote: “There is one source of inspiration available to Elder Packer that is not available to anyone else. ",
"That is Donna. … ",
"She is the one who has borne their ten children—and borne much of the responsibility of rearing them, due to his call as ‘special witness.’ ",
"She it is who is his sweetheart, his friend, and his quiet support.",
"”9 President and Sister Packer were wonderful examples of unity. ",
"Their son Allan explains: “If you see Dad, you see Mom. ",
"If you see Mom, you see Dad. ",
"They’re together; they’re unified. ",
"They influenced each other, especially, of course, in the home.” ",
"His role as father was always a top priority, so he found time for his children. ",
"If he was carving wood or painting and his children wanted to participate, he would let them. ",
"His son Allan remembers: “He would stop and give us a brush with some paint, and we could work. ",
"And then when we would lose interest, … he would go about repairing. ",
"And so behind some of the layers of paint are some contributions that the kids made.",
"”10 Boyd K. Packer (left) as a young teacher with his seminary class in Brigham City, Utah. ",
"Photograph courtesy of Deseret News As a young father, Boyd served the Church in local callings and also his community as a city councilman in Brigham City. ",
"At the same time, he was employed by the Church Educational System. ",
"He had received an associate’s degree from Weber College (1948) and a bachelor’s degree from Utah State University (1949). ",
"He received a master’s degree also from Utah State University (1953) and a doctorate from Brigham Young University (1962). ",
"In 1955 he was appointed as an assistant administrator of seminaries and institutes for the Church. ",
"He was serving in that role when he was called as an Assistant to the Twelve in October 1961, shortly after his 37th birthday. ",
"While he was an Assistant to the Twelve, he also served as president of the New England Mission, where his integrity and ability helped him make many friends for the Church among civic and business leaders. ",
"Despite the heavy demands of these callings, President Packer continued to put family first. ",
"Said his son Allan: “He always … knew that the family was the eternal organization—and so that had priority. ",
"If we called his office, his secretary had instructions that no matter when we called or what meeting he was in, we were always to be able to be put through. ",
"And that’s what we experienced if we needed to even just say hi. ",
"Sometimes we were a little embarrassed if we were interrupting a meeting with several of the senior Brethren, but that was the instruction—it was that he was always available.",
"”11\n\nCalled to the Quorum of the Twelve Apostles In 1970 he was called to the Quorum of the Twelve Apostles following the death of President David O. McKay. ",
"His service in the quorum began as a new President of the Church was sustained: President Joseph Fielding Smith. ",
"Elder Packer’s later callings to preside over the quorum would also coincide with the sustaining of new Church Presidents. ",
"In June 1994, when President Howard W. Hunter retained President Thomas S. Monson as Second Counselor in the First Presidency, Elder Packer, the next senior Apostle, became Acting President. ",
"In February 2008, he was set apart as President of the quorum after President Monson became President of the Church. ",
"A 1970 article reporting on his call to the Quorum of the Twelve quoted Elder Packer regarding how he had planned his life: “A number of years ago I chose several basic objectives in life—things that I wanted to be and do. ",
"First, I wanted to be a good father. … ",
"Livelihood, hobbies, even social opportunities had to be weighed against whether or not they related to that ideal. ",
"I soon learned that the perfect plan for fatherhood was the gospel. … ",
"Home is the center of the gospel—and of my life. … ",
"The Packers with their first two children, Allan and Kenneth “The second goal that I had was that I … wanted to be good—good for something. ",
"Mostly I wanted to be a good son, to both my earthly father and my Heavenly Father. ",
"I have never thought that I deserved to have good children unless I could be one myself. ",
"I’ve had an idea that we contribute to the glory of our Father in heaven when we add in our own person one more worthy individual. ",
"I’ve felt that I wasn’t worthy to get what I wasn’t willing to give.” ",
"Elder Packer spoke also of how we can receive help in pursuing objectives like these: “It seems to me that there is a great power in the Church—in all of us—that is untapped because we are always setting about to do things in our way, when the Lord’s way would accomplish much greater returns. … ",
"Why don’t we talk to our Father? ",
"In specifics? ",
"About real problems? ",
"As often as we would with our earthly father if he were nearby?”12 President Packer’s service in general Church leadership brought many years of schooling under the hand of the Lord. ",
"His ministry spanned generations and continents. ",
"One woman recalled how Elder Packer, speaking in the pioneer tabernacle in her southeastern Idaho town in the 1960s, touched her life when she was a teen. ",
"He called on young people in the congregation to go home and express love for their parents and thank them for their sacrifices. ",
"Expressions of love like this were not common in her home nor in the homes of her peers. ",
"Elder Packer’s message caused her to consider what it was costing her parents, in labor and self-denial, to raise a large family on the income from a small farm. ",
"It gave her new appreciation for her pioneer ancestry and spiritual heritage. ",
"Elder Packer and his wife, Donna, hold a family home evening with their children in 1970, when he was called to be an Apostle. ",
"Pictured from left are Eldon, Gayle, Lawrence, Kathleen, Spencer, Russell, Laurel, David, and Allan. ",
"One son, Kenneth, was serving a mission in Australia. ",
"Photograph courtesy of Deseret News In Germany in the early 1970s, Elder Packer and his wife had to travel by train from Munich to Berlin overnight to fulfill one of his Church assignments. ",
"Two young missionaries had taken them to the train. ",
"As it was pulling out of the station, one of those young elders asked through the window if Elder Packer had any German money. ",
"When Elder Packer responded no, the missionary, running alongside the train, handed him a 20-mark note. ",
"A few hours later, that 20-mark note proved crucial to finishing their journey safely. ",
"It helped change the mind of an East German soldier, who could have put Sister Packer off the train and arrested her because her older type of passport was not accepted by his government. ",
"The young missionary who had handed that 20-mark note to a visiting Apostle was David A. Bednar, who, some 30 years later, would serve with President Packer in the Quorum of the Twelve. ",
"The point of the story, President Packer said, was that when we are in the service of the Lord, we need not worry about being able to fulfill our assignments because His hand will be with us.13 Anyone who followed the ministry of Boyd K. Packer knew that the hand of the Lord was with him. ",
"The love he possessed for his fellow Latter-day Saints could be felt when he ministered among them. ",
"On a narrow, hilly spot in the Mayan highlands, in the Momostenango Guatemala Stake, there is a small meetinghouse that was dedicated by Elder Packer in the mid-1980s. ",
"The members who were present fondly recall how the strength of his witness touched their spirits, and they still remember the love they felt as an Apostle of the Lord walked among them. ",
"Elder Packer visits with a group of children in Guatemala in 1979. ",
"Photograph courtesy of Church History Library\n\nTeacher and Witness The Brethren who served with Boyd K. Packer in the Quorum of the Twelve came to know his ability to teach gospel principles and his steadfastness in following them. “",
"Elder Packer is very much a teacher,” commented President James E. Faust (1920–2007), who served as a counselor in the First Presidency. “",
"While all of the Twelve are teachers, he’s a teacher in the Twelve.” ",
"Elder Packer’s love of and use of the scriptures in leadership roles influenced the direction of the entire Church, President Faust said.14 Known for teaching from the scriptures, then-Elder Packer meets with fellow Apostles Elder James E. Faust (left) and Elder Dallin H. Oaks in 1987. ",
"Elder Russell M. Nelson once noted that when the Quorum of the Twelve was weighing a problem, Elder Packer would often search for relevant teachings from the Book of Mormon to help find a solution. “",
"Without the Book of Mormon, Elder Packer couldn’t be the prophet he is. ",
"He is a gifted seer.” ",
"His teaching from the scriptures was characterized by “deep comprehension,” Elder Nelson said. “",
"No one has plumbed the depths of this man.",
"”15 Once Elder Packer was asked if it is difficult for 12 men with strong intellects and widely varying backgrounds to agree on the direction of the affairs of the Church. ",
"Members of the Twelve, he explained, “share something that no other men on earth share.” ",
"They bring great individual strengths and abilities to bear on their collective responsibilities—and then they unanimously bend their wills to divine inspiration received. “",
"We’re all individual, and we’re all resolute, but we’re all one.",
"”16 In his later years, the expression of his apostolic witness seemed to become somehow more urgent for him and ever more plain. ",
"President Packer’s voice of testimony was a reliable constant in the Church, a word of witness that never faltered. ",
"It was never hard for the hearer to discern that Boyd K. Packer knew. ",
"After the sustaining of President Monson in the April 2008 general conference, President Packer’s report of what happened showed both reverence for Church callings and certainty as to their divine origin. “",
"There was no question about what would be done, no hesitancy,” he said. “",
"In that sacred meeting, Thomas Spencer Monson was sustained by the Quorum of the Twelve Apostles as the President of the Church.” ",
"The process was not new, President Packer explained. “",
"The Lord Himself set in motion this pattern of administration.",
"”17 Accompanied by Elder Russell M. Nelson, President Packer returned to his hometown for the groundbreaking of the Brigham City Utah Temple. ",
"Photograph courtesy of Deseret News In 2010, President Packer returned to his hometown of Brigham City to break ground for the Brigham City Utah Temple on the site of his old elementary school. ",
"Two years later he presided over its dedication. ",
"Throughout the process he showed his characteristic humility. “",
"I didn’t propose there be a temple in Brigham City,” he said. “",
"The Brethren brought that up. ",
"My contribution was not objecting. ",
"The same was true of the dedication; I didn’t assign myself to that. ",
"I am glad I was assigned to it. ",
"I am grateful.",
"”18\n\nAlways Striving to Improve Throughout his life, President Packer was constantly striving to improve. ",
"He spoke of the living Apostles, including himself, as “ordinary people” who might wonder why they should be called to this holy office. “",
"There are many qualifications that I lack. ",
"There is so much in my effort to serve that is wanting. ",
"There is only one single thing, one qualification that can explain it. ",
"Like Peter and all of those who have since been ordained, I have that witness. “",
"I know that God is our Father. ",
"He introduced His Son, Jesus Christ, to Joseph Smith. ",
"I declare to you that I know that Jesus is the Christ. ",
"I know that He lives. … ",
"He made His Atonement. ",
"Of Him I bear witness.",
"”19 Known for teaching that reverence invites revelation, President Packer was one of the first General Authorities to arrive at general conference. ",
"Photograph by Scott G. Winterton, Deseret News Many years ago, after receiving a personal witness on that tiny island in the Pacific, he wanted to give something back. ",
"He wanted to formalize his commitment as a disciple of Jesus Christ. “",
"It had become critically important,” he remembered, “to establish this intention between me and the Lord so that I knew that He knew which way I had committed my agency. ",
"I went before Him and said, ‘I’m not neutral, and you can do with me what you want. ",
"If you need my vote, it’s there. ",
"I don’t care what you do with me and you don’t have to take anything from me because I give it to you—everything, all I own, all I am.",
"’”20 Those who loved and honored Boyd K. Packer will have every confidence that the Lord has accepted his offering, an offering magnified through a lifetime of sacred service."
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[
"/*\r\n * (C) 2003-2006 Gabest\r\n * (C) 2006-2013 see Authors.txt\r\n *\r\n * This file is part of MPC-HC.",
"\r\n *\r\n * MPC-HC is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify\r\n * it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by\r\n * the Free Software Foundation; either version 3 of the License, or\r\n * (at your option) any later version.",
"\r\n *\r\n * MPC-HC is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,\r\n * but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of\r\n * MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. ",
" See the\r\n * GNU General Public License for more details.",
"\r\n *\r\n * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License\r\n * along with this program. ",
" If not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.",
"\r\n *\r\n */\r\n\r\n#pragma once\r\n\r\n#include <afxstr.h>\r\n#include \"NullRenderers.h\"\r\n#include \"HdmvClipInfo.h\"\r\n#include \"H264Nalu.h\"\r\n#include \"MediaTypeEx.h\"\r\n#include \"vd.h\"\r\n#include \"text.h\"\r\n\r\n#define LCID_NOSUBTITLES -1\r\n\r\nextern void DumpStreamConfig(TCHAR* fn, IAMStreamConfig* pAMVSCCap);\r\nextern int CountPins(IBaseFilter* pBF, int& nIn, int& nOut, int& nInC, int& nOutC);\r\nextern bool IsSplitter(IBaseFilter* pBF, bool fCountConnectedOnly = false);\r\nextern bool IsMultiplexer(IBaseFilter* pBF, bool fCountConnectedOnly = false);\r\nextern bool IsStreamStart(IBaseFilter* pBF);\r\nextern bool IsStreamEnd(IBaseFilter* pBF);\r\nextern bool IsVideoRenderer(IBaseFilter* pBF);\r\nextern bool IsAudioWaveRenderer(IBaseFilter* pBF);\r\nextern IBaseFilter* GetUpStreamFilter(IBaseFilter* pBF, IPin* pInputPin = NULL);\r\nextern IPin* GetUpStreamPin(IBaseFilter* pBF, IPin* pInputPin = NULL);\r\nextern IPin* GetFirstPin(IBaseFilter* pBF, PIN_DIRECTION dir = PINDIR_INPUT);\r\nextern IPin* GetFirstDisconnectedPin(IBaseFilter* pBF, PIN_DIRECTION dir);\r\nextern void NukeDownstream(IBaseFilter* pBF, IFilterGraph* pFG);\r\nextern void NukeDownstream(IPin* pPin, IFilterGraph* pFG);\r\nextern IBaseFilter* FindFilter(LPCWSTR clsid, IFilterGraph* pFG);\r\nextern IBaseFilter* FindFilter(const CLSID& clsid, IFilterGraph* pFG);\r\nextern IPin* FindPin(IBaseFilter* pBF, PIN_DIRECTION direction, const AM_MEDIA_TYPE* pRequestedMT);\r\nextern CStringW GetFilterName(IBaseFilter* pBF);\r\nextern CStringW GetPinName(IPin* pPin);\r\nextern IFilterGraph* GetGraphFromFilter(IBaseFilter* pBF);\r\nextern IBaseFilter* GetFilterFromPin(IPin* pPin);\r\nextern IPin* AppendFilter(IPin* pPin, CString DisplayName, IGraphBuilder* pGB);\r\nextern IPin* InsertFilter(IPin* pPin, CString DisplayName, IGraphBuilder* pGB);\r\nextern void ExtractMediaTypes(IPin* pPin, CAtlArray<GUID>& types);\r\nextern void ExtractMediaTypes(IPin* pPin, CAtlList<CMediaType>& mts);\r\nextern void ShowPPage(CString DisplayName, HWND hParentWnd);\r\nextern void ShowPPage(IUnknown* pUnknown, HWND hParentWnd);\r\nextern CLSID GetCLSID(IBaseFilter* pBF);\r\nextern CLSID GetCLSID(IPin* pPin);\r\nextern bool IsCLSIDRegistered(LPCTSTR clsid);\r\nextern bool IsCLSIDRegistered(const CLSID& clsid);\r\nextern void CStringToBin(CString str, CAtlArray<BYTE>& data);\r\nextern CString BinToCString(const BYTE* ptr, size_t len);\r\ntypedef enum {\r\n CDROM_NotFound,\r\n CDROM_Audio,\r\n CDROM_VideoCD,\r\n CDROM_DVDVideo,\r\n CDROM_Unknown\r\n} cdrom_t;\r\nextern cdrom_t GetCDROMType(TCHAR drive, CAtlList<CString>& files);\r\nextern CString GetDriveLabel(TCHAR drive);\r\nextern bool GetKeyFrames(CString fn, CUIntArray& kfs);\r\nextern DVD_HMSF_TIMECODE RT2HMSF(REFERENCE_TIME rt, double fps = 0); // used to remember the current position\r\nextern DVD_HMSF_TIMECODE RT2HMS_r(REFERENCE_TIME rt); // used only for information (for display on the screen)\r\nextern REFERENCE_TIME HMSF2RT(DVD_HMSF_TIMECODE hmsf, double fps = 0);\r\nextern void memsetd(void* dst, unsigned int c, size_t nbytes);\r\nextern void memsetw(void* dst, unsigned short c, size_t nbytes);\r\nextern bool ExtractBIH(const AM_MEDIA_TYPE* pmt, BITMAPINFOHEADER* bih);\r\nextern bool ExtractBIH(IMediaSample* pMS, BITMAPINFOHEADER* bih);\r\nextern bool ExtractAvgTimePerFrame(const AM_MEDIA_TYPE* pmt, REFERENCE_TIME& rtAvgTimePerFrame);\r\nextern bool ExtractDim(const AM_MEDIA_TYPE* pmt, int& w, int& h, int& arx, int& ary);\r\nextern bool MakeMPEG2MediaType(CMediaType& mt, BYTE* seqhdr, DWORD len, int w, int h);\r\nextern bool CreateFilter(CStringW DisplayName, IBaseFilter** ppBF, CStringW& FriendlyName);\r\nextern IBaseFilter* AppendFilter(IPin* pPin, IMoniker* pMoniker, IGraphBuilder* pGB);\r\nextern CStringW GetFriendlyName(CStringW DisplayName);\r\nextern HRESULT LoadExternalObject(LPCTSTR path, REFCLSID clsid, REFIID iid, void** ppv);\r\nextern HRESULT LoadExternalFilter(LPCTSTR path, REFCLSID clsid, IBaseFilter** ppBF);\r\nextern HRESULT LoadExternalPropertyPage(IPersist* pP, REFCLSID clsid, IPropertyPage** ppPP);\r\nextern void UnloadExternalObjects();\r\nextern CString MakeFullPath(LPCTSTR path);\r\nextern CString GetMediaTypeName(const GUID& guid);\r\nextern GUID GUIDFromCString(CString str);\r\nextern HRESULT GUIDFromCString(CString str, GUID& guid);\r\nextern CString CStringFromGUID(const GUID& guid);\r\nextern CStringW UTF8To16(LPCSTR utf8);\r\nextern CStringA UTF16To8(LPCWSTR utf16);\r\nextern CStringW UTF8ToStringW(const char* S);\r\nextern CStringW LocalToStringW(const char* S);\r\nextern CString ISO6391ToLanguage(LPCSTR code);\r\nextern CString ISO6392ToLanguage(LPCSTR code);\r\nextern LCID ISO6391ToLcid(LPCSTR code);\r\nextern LCID ISO6392ToLcid(LPCSTR code);\r\nextern CString ISO6391To6392(LPCSTR code);\r\nextern CString ISO6392To6391(LPCSTR code);\r\nextern CString LanguageToISO6392(LPCTSTR lang);\r\nextern int MakeAACInitData(BYTE* pData, int profile, int freq, int channels);\r\nextern BOOL CFileGetStatus(LPCTSTR lpszFileName, CFileStatus& status);\r\nextern bool DeleteRegKey(LPCTSTR pszKey, LPCTSTR pszSubkey);\r\nextern bool SetRegKeyValue(LPCTSTR pszKey, LPCTSTR pszSubkey, LPCTSTR pszValueName, LPCTSTR pszValue);\r\nextern bool SetRegKeyValue(LPCTSTR pszKey, LPCTSTR pszSubkey, LPCTSTR pszValue);\r\nextern void RegisterSourceFilter(const CLSID& clsid, const GUID& subtype2, LPCTSTR chkbytes, LPCTSTR ext = NULL, ...);\r\nextern void RegisterSourceFilter(const CLSID& clsid, const GUID& subtype2, const CAtlList<CString>& chkbytes, LPCTSTR ext = NULL, ...);\r\nextern void UnRegisterSourceFilter(const GUID& subtype);\r\nextern LPCTSTR GetDXVAMode(const GUID* guidDecoder);\r\nextern void DumpBuffer(BYTE* pBuffer, int nSize);\r\nextern CString ReftimeToString(const REFERENCE_TIME& rtVal);\r\nextern CString ReftimeToString2(const REFERENCE_TIME& rtVal);\r\nextern CString DVDtimeToString(const DVD_HMSF_TIMECODE& rtVal, bool bAlwaysShowHours = false);\r\nextern REFERENCE_TIME StringToReftime(LPCTSTR strVal);\r\nextern COLORREF YCrCbToRGB_Rec601(BYTE Y, BYTE Cr, BYTE Cb);\r\nextern COLORREF YCrCbToRGB_Rec709(BYTE Y, BYTE Cr, BYTE Cb);\r\nextern DWORD YCrCbToRGB_Rec601(BYTE A, BYTE Y, BYTE Cr, BYTE Cb);\r\nextern DWORD YCrCbToRGB_Rec709(BYTE A, BYTE Y, BYTE Cr, BYTE Cb);\r\nextern void TraceFilterInfo(IBaseFilter* pBF);\r\nextern void TracePinInfo(IPin* pPin);\r\nextern void SetThreadName(DWORD dwThreadID, LPCSTR szThreadName);\r\nextern void HexDump(CString fName, BYTE* buf, int size);\r\nextern void CorrectComboListWidth(CComboBox& m_pComboBox);\r\n\r\nextern void getExtraData(const BYTE* format, const GUID* formattype, const size_t formatlen, BYTE* extra, unsigned int* extralen);\r\nextern void audioFormatTypeHandler(const BYTE* format, const GUID* formattype,\r\n DWORD* pnSamples, WORD* pnChannels,\r\n WORD* pnBitsPerSample, WORD* pnBlockAlign,\r\n DWORD* pnBytesPerSec);\r\n\r\ntypedef enum {\r\n PICT_NONE,\r\n PICT_TOP_FIELD,\r\n PICT_BOTTOM_FIELD,\r\n PICT_FRAME\r\n} FF_FIELD_TYPE;\r\n\r\nclass CPinInfo : public PIN_INFO\r\n{\r\npublic:\r\n CPinInfo() {\r\n pFilter = NULL;\r\n }\r\n ~CPinInfo() {\r\n if (pFilter) {\r\n pFilter->Release();\r\n }\r\n }\r\n};\r\n\r\nclass CFilterInfo : public FILTER_INFO\r\n{\r\npublic:\r\n CFilterInfo() {\r\n pGraph = NULL;\r\n }\r\n ~CFilterInfo() {\r\n if (pGraph) {\r\n pGraph->Release();\r\n }\r\n }\r\n};\r\n\r\n#define BeginEnumFilters(pFilterGraph, pEnumFilters, pBaseFilter) \\\r\n{ \\\r\n CComPtr<IEnumFilters> pEnumFilters; \\\r\n if (pFilterGraph && SUCCEEDED(pFilterGraph->EnumFilters(&pEnumFilters))) \\\r\n { \\\r\n for (CComPtr<IBaseFilter> pBaseFilter; S_OK == pEnumFilters->Next(1, &pBaseFilter, 0); pBaseFilter = NULL) \\\r\n {\r\n\r\n#define EndEnumFilters }}}\r\n\r\n#define BeginEnumCachedFilters(pGraphConfig, pEnumFilters, pBaseFilter) \\\r\n{ \\\r\n CComPtr<IEnumFilters> pEnumFilters; \\\r\n if (pGraphConfig && SUCCEEDED(pGraphConfig->EnumCacheFilter(&pEnumFilters))) \\\r\n { \\\r\n for (CComPtr<IBaseFilter> pBaseFilter; S_OK == pEnumFilters->Next(1, &pBaseFilter, 0); pBaseFilter = NULL) \\\r\n {\r\n\r\n#define EndEnumCachedFilters }}}\r\n\r\n#define BeginEnumPins(pBaseFilter, pEnumPins, pPin) \\\r\n{ \\\r\n CComPtr<IEnumPins> pEnumPins; \\\r\n if (pBaseFilter && SUCCEEDED(pBaseFilter->EnumPins(&pEnumPins))) \\\r\n { \\\r\n for (CComPtr<IPin> pPin; S_OK == pEnumPins->Next(1, &pPin, 0); pPin = NULL) \\\r\n {\r\n\r\n#define EndEnumPins }}}\r\n\r\n#define BeginEnumMediaTypes(pPin, pEnumMediaTypes, pMediaType) \\\r\n{ \\\r\n CComPtr<IEnumMediaTypes> pEnumMediaTypes; \\\r\n if (pPin && SUCCEEDED(pPin->EnumMediaTypes(&pEnumMediaTypes))) \\\r\n { \\\r\n AM_MEDIA_TYPE* pMediaType = NULL; \\\r\n for (; S_OK == pEnumMediaTypes->Next(1, &pMediaType, NULL); DeleteMediaType(pMediaType), pMediaType = NULL) \\\r\n {\r\n\r\n#define EndEnumMediaTypes(pMediaType) \\\r\n } \\\r\n if (pMediaType) \\\r\n DeleteMediaType(pMediaType); \\\r\n } \\\r\n}\r\n\r\n#define BeginEnumSysDev(clsid, pMoniker) \\\r\n{ \\\r\n CComPtr<ICreateDevEnum> pDevEnum4$##clsid; \\\r\n pDevEnum4$##clsid.",
"CoCreateInstance(CLSID_SystemDeviceEnum); \\\r\n CComPtr<IEnumMoniker> pClassEnum4$##clsid; \\\r\n if (SUCCEEDED(pDevEnum4$##clsid->CreateClassEnumerator(clsid, &pClassEnum4$##clsid, 0)) \\\r\n && pClassEnum4$##clsid) \\\r\n { \\\r\n for (CComPtr<IMoniker> pMoniker; pClassEnum4$##clsid->Next(1, &pMoniker, 0) == S_OK; pMoniker = NULL) \\\r\n {\r\n\r\n#define EndEnumSysDev }}}\r\n\r\n#define PauseGraph \\\r\n CComQIPtr<IMediaControl> _pMC(m_pGraph); \\\r\n OAFilterState _fs = -1; \\\r\n if (_pMC) \\\r\n _pMC->GetState(1000, &_fs); \\\r\n if (_fs == State_Running) \\\r\n _pMC->Pause(); \\\r\n \\\r\n HRESULT _hr = E_FAIL; \\\r\n CComQIPtr<IMediaSeeking> _pMS((IUnknown*)(INonDelegatingUnknown*)m_pGraph); \\\r\n REFERENCE_TIME _rtNow = 0; \\\r\n if (_pMS) \\\r\n _hr = _pMS->GetCurrentPosition(&_rtNow);\r\n\r\n#define ResumeGraph \\\r\n if (SUCCEEDED(_hr) && _pMS && _fs !",
"= State_Stopped) \\\r\n _hr = _pMS->SetPositions(&_rtNow, AM_SEEKING_AbsolutePositioning, NULL, AM_SEEKING_NoPositioning); \\\r\n \\\r\n if (_fs == State_Running && _pMS) \\\r\n _pMC->Run();\r\n\r\n#define CallQueue(call) \\\r\n if (!",
"m_pOutputQueue) \\\r\n return NOERROR; \\\r\n m_pOutputQueue->##call; \\\r\n return NOERROR;\r\n\r\n#define QI(i) (riid == __uuidof(i)) ? ",
"GetInterface((i*)this, ppv) :\r\n#define QI2(i) (riid == IID_##i) ? ",
"GetInterface((i*)this, ppv) :\r\n\r\n#define SAFE_DELETE(p) { if (p) { delete (p); (p) = NULL; } }\r\n#define SAFE_DELETE_ARRAY(p) { if (p) { delete [] (p); (p) = NULL; } }\r\n#define SAFE_RELEASE(p) { if (p) { (p)->Release(); (p) = NULL; } }\r\n\r\n#define ResStr(id) CString(MAKEINTRESOURCE(id))\r\n\r\ntemplate <typename T> __inline void INITDDSTRUCT(T& dd)\r\n{\r\n ZeroMemory(&dd, sizeof(dd));\r\n dd.dwSize = sizeof(dd);\r\n}\r\n\r\n#define countof(array) (sizeof(array)/sizeof(array[0]))\r\n\r\ntemplate <class T>\r\nstatic CUnknown* WINAPI CreateInstance(LPUNKNOWN lpunk, HRESULT* phr)\r\n{\r\n *phr = S_OK;\r\n CUnknown* punk = DEBUG_NEW T(lpunk, phr);\r\n if (punk == NULL) {\r\n *phr = E_OUTOFMEMORY;\r\n }\r\n return punk;\r\n}\r\n\r\ninline int GCD(int a, int b)\r\n{\r\n if (a == 0 || b == 0) {\r\n return 1;\r\n }\r\n while (a !",
"= b) {\r\n if (a < b) {\r\n b -= a;\r\n } else if (a > b) {\r\n a -= b;\r\n }\r\n }\r\n return a;\r\n}\r\n"
] | {
"pile_set_name": "Github"
} | [
0.0006593072903342545,
0.0006754709756933153,
0.0006009606295265257,
0.0005785456742160022,
0.0006360611296258867,
0.0006093313568271697,
0.03265753760933876,
0.015155462548136711,
0.0036808601580560207,
0.00427913898602128,
0.0007785885245539248,
0.04037880524992943,
0.004206845536828041
] | 0.008069 | 13 |
[
"Conventionally, an electronic scanning type radar has been used as a radar mounted on a vehicle, which utilizes the system of an FMCW (Frequency Modulated Continuous Wave) radar, a multifrequency CW (Continuous Wave) radar, a pulse radar, and the like.",
"\nAccording to each of the radars mentioned above, an estimation method of a direction of an incoming wave of an array antenna is used as a technology for detecting a direction of an incoming wave (or a reception wave) from a target.",
"\nAn example of this estimation method of a direction of an incoming wave is a null operation method (refer to Non-Patent Document 1 and 2, for instance) known as a super-resolution (high precision) algorithm such as a beam scanning method like the Beamformer Method and the Capon Method, a linear prediction method like the Maximum Entropy Method (MEM: Maximum Entropy Method), the Minimum Norm Method, MUSIC (Multiple Signal Classification) Method, and the ESPRIT (Estimation of Signal Parameters via Rotational Invariance Techniques) Method.",
"\nFurther, the estimation of the direction of the incoming wave, used by a radar mounted on a vehicle, is conducted by a method (refer to, for example, Patent Document 1) using solely the digital beam forming (DBF: Digital Beam Forming) of the Beamformer Method, or by a method (refer to, for example, Patent Documents 2 and 3) combining the DBF and the Maximum Entropy Method in recent years in order to enhance the detection accuracy of the arrival direction of the reception wave (or the resolution performance of the target).",
"\nMoreover, in order to apply a super-resolution algorithm such as MUSIC to a vehicle-mounted radar, a microprocessor is used which is utilized for vehicle-mounted radar with a low arithmetic processing capacity, compared to normal personal computers. ",
"Therefore, a method is developed by simplifying an estimation algorithm (refer to, for example, Patent Documents 4, 5, 6, and 7).",
"\nAccording to the super-resolution algorithm such as MUSIC, mentioned above, a correlation matrix is generated from data of reception waves received by each array antenna. ",
"An eigen value calculation is conducted by this correlation matrix. ",
"Thus, the arrival direction of the reception wave is detected. ",
"Here, the eigen value calculation (computation) refers to a calculation obtaining the eigen value and the eigenvector.",
"\nAt this time, the super-resolution algorithm generates a correlation matrix by an ensemble average of the reception data because the accuracy of detecting the arrival direction enhances as the noise element of the correlation matrix is removed.",
"\nFor example, the FMCW radar uses a correlation matrix generated by obtaining highest possible number of samples of a data set of the received beat signal (a temporal sequence data of a certain period of time, which can be converted to a data in a frequency domain) and obtaining an average. ",
"The number of samples is called a snapshot number (refer to, for example, Non-Patent Documents 1 and 2).",
"\nHowever, according to the vehicle-mounted radar, the distance from the target and the relative velocity change constantly. ",
"Therefore, even if the snapshot number is increased nebulously, the accuracy of detecting the arrival direction of the reception wave does not necessarily increase.",
"\nOn the contrary, in order to increase the snapshot number within a control cycle (or a detection cycle such as 100 ms) for detecting the target, the frequency resolution operation corresponding to the reception signal must be conducted simultaneously for a number of times multiplying the number of array antennas and the snapshot number. ",
"Thus, there is a limit on the number.",
"\nPatent Document 4 describes a method in order to enhance the accuracy of detecting the target without increasing the snapshot number. ",
"According to this method described in Patent Document 4, for example, a correlation matrix is stored for each beat frequency at the previous control cycle (or the control cycle immediately prior to the previous control cycle). ",
"Further, this method obtains a weighted sum (weighted average) of a correlation matrix of a beat frequency, for which a target exists in the present control cycle, and a correlation matrix in the previous control cycle (or the control cycle immediately prior to the previous control cycle) having the same beat frequency. ",
"Moreover, Patent Document 4 describes a method which stores the weighted averaged correlation matrix for each beat frequency, and obtains a further weighted sum of the correlation matrix of a beat frequency for which a target exists in the present control cycle and a correlation matrix with the same frequency obtained as described above by weighted summation.",
"\nIn addition, Patent Document 5, mentioned above, discloses a method for increasing the snapshot number by averaging each correlation matrix generated for a frequency indicating a peak value, from among the same peak waveform for which a target exists at a beat frequency, and for a frequency in the vicinity (for example, ±two frequency resolutions).",
"\nAccording to this Patent Document 5, an average of the correlation matrix in the frequency domain is further averaged by using a past correlation matrix.",
"\nNext, Patent Document 6 describes estimating an arrival direction of the reception wave by combining a method estimating the form of a roadside and a method averaging the present and past correlation matrices.",
"\nIn addition, Patent Document 7 describes a method which determines a weighted coefficient (or a forgetting coefficient: a constant representing the degree of forgetting) in real time in order to average the present and past correlation matrices.",
"\nFurther, an electronic scanning type radar has been used conventionally as a radar mounted on a vehicle, which utilizes the system of an FMCW (Frequency Modulated Continuous Wave) radar, a multifrequency CW (Continuous Wave) radar, a pulse radar, and the like.",
"\nAccording to each of the radars mentioned above, an estimation method of a direction of an incoming wave of an array antenna is used as a technology for detecting a direction of an incoming wave (or a reception wave) which is a reflection wave from a target corresponding to a transmission wave.",
"\nAn example of this estimation method of a direction of an incoming wave is a null operation method (refer to Non-Patent Document 1 and 2, for instance) known as a super-resolution (high precision) algorithm such as a beam scanning method like the Beamformer Method and the Capon Method, a linear prediction method like the Maximum Entropy Method (MEM: Maximum Entropy Method), the Minimum Norm Method, MUSIC (Multiple Signal Classification) Method, and the ESPRIT (Estimation of Signal Parameters via Rotational Invariance Techniques) Method.",
"\nFurther, the estimation of the direction of the incoming wave, used by a radar mounted on a vehicle, is conducted by a method (refer to, for example, Patent Document 1) using solely the digital beam forming (DBF: Digital Beam Forming) of the Beamformer Method, or by a method (refer to, for example, Patent Documents 2 and 3) combining the DBF and the Maximum Entropy Method in recent years in order to enhance the detection accuracy of the arrival direction of the reception wave (or the resolution performance of the target).",
"\nMoreover, in order to apply a super-resolution algorithm such as MUSIC to a vehicle-mounted radar, methods have been developed with an inclination to simplify the processing (refer to, for example, Patent Documents 4 and 8). ",
"These methods can be applied to a vehicle-mounted device which has a low processing capacity compared to normal personal computers.",
"\nAccording to the super-resolution algorithm such as MUSIC, mentioned above, it is preferred that the direction of the incoming wave is estimated after a number of the incoming waves is estimated, in order to enhance the accuracy with which the direction is estimated.",
"\nNon-Patent Documents 1 and 2 introduce the AIC (Akaike Information Criteria) and the MDL (Minimum Description Length) as methods to estimate the number of incoming waves based on the maximum-likelihood approach in statistical processing.",
"\nHowever, according to the estimation methods introduced in Non-Patent Documents 1 and 2, it is necessary to collect a large amount of data and then conduct a dispersion assessment. ",
"Therefore, it is not suitable to use these methods for a vehicle-mounted radar whose relative distance to the target and relative velocity fluctuate rapidly.",
"\nPatent Document 8 describes a method for estimating the number of incoming waves, necessary for computing the MUSIC spectrum, with a light computation load. ",
"In other words, Patent Document 8 describes a method which is an application of a threshold approach in which an eigen value is computed, and the signal space and a noise space are estimated individually based on the magnitude of the eigen value.",
"\nIn this case, the reception intensity of the radar declines as the measured distance becomes larger. ",
"Therefore, the method described above estimates the number of incoming waves by storing and setting a threshold for each relative distance to the target, and then comparing this threshold with the eigen value (equivalent to the reception intensity).",
"\nIn addition, there is a method (refer to Patent Documents 9, for example) which normalizes an eigen value as one of the diagonal element value of the original covariance matrix (in other words, the correlation matrix), and then distinguishes based on a threshold value. ",
"This method is not designed to be used for a vehicle-mounted device.",
"\nFurthermore, an estimation method which estimates the number of incoming waves with a high degree of accuracy constantly performs a spectrum computation assuming that the number of incoming waves is the maximum number that can be received, and in the subsequent calculation of electronic power, unnecessary peak values are removed, and obtain a final estimation value of the number of incoming waves (Patent Document 10).",
"\nMoreover, an electronic scanning type radar has been conventionally used as a radar mounted on a vehicle, which utilizes the system of an FMCW (Frequency Modulated Continuous Wave) radar, a multifrequency CW (Continuous Wave) radar, a pulse radar, and the like.",
"\nAccording to each of the radars mentioned above, an estimation method of a direction of an incoming wave of an array antenna is used as a technology for detecting a direction of an incoming wave (or a reception wave) which is a reflection wave from a target corresponding to a transmission wave.",
"\nAn example of this estimation method of a direction of an incoming wave is a null operation method (refer to Non-Patent Document 1 and 2, for instance) known as a super-resolution (high precision) algorithm such as a beam scanning method like the Beamformer Method and the Capon Method, a linear prediction method like the Maximum Entropy Method (MEM: Maximum Entropy Method), the Minimum Norm Method, MUSIC (Multiple Signal Classification) Method, and the ESPRIT (Estimation of Signal Parameters via Rotational Invariance Techniques) Method.",
"\nFurther, the estimation of the direction of the incoming wave, used by a radar mounted on a vehicle, is conducted by a method (refer to, for example, Patent Document 1) using solely the digital beam forming (DBF: Digital Beam Forming) of the Beamformer Method, or by a method (refer to, for example, Patent Documents 2 and 3) combining the DBF and the Maximum Entropy Method in recent years in order to enhance the detection accuracy of the arrival direction of the reception wave (or the resolution performance of the target).",
"\nMoreover, in order to apply a super-resolution algorithm such as MUSIC to a vehicle-mounted radar, methods have been developed with an inclination to simplify the processing (refer to, for example, Patent Documents 4 and 8). ",
"These methods can be applied to a vehicle-mounted device which has a low processing capacity compared to normal personal computers.",
"\nAccording to the super-resolution algorithm such as MUSIC, mentioned above, it is preferred that the direction of the incoming wave is estimated after a number of the incoming waves is estimated, in order to enhance the accuracy with which the direction is estimated.",
"\nNon-Patent Documents 1 and 2 introduce the AIC (Akaike Information Criteria) and the MDL (Minimum Description Length) as methods to estimate the number of incoming waves based on the maximum-likelihood approach in statistical processing.",
"\nHowever, according to the estimation methods introduced in Non-Patent Documents 1 and 2, it is necessary to collect a large amount of data and then conduct a dispersion assessment. ",
"Therefore, it is not suitable to use these methods for a vehicle-mounted radar whose relative distance to the target and relative velocity fluctuate rapidly.",
"\nPatent Document 8 describes a method for estimating the number of incoming waves, necessary for computing the MUSIC spectrum, with a light computation load. ",
"In other words, Patent Document 8 describes a method which is an application of a threshold approach in which an eigen value is computed, and the signal space and a noise space are estimated individually based on the magnitude of the eigen value.",
"\nIn this case, the reception intensity of the radar declines as the measured distance becomes larger. ",
"Therefore, the method described above estimates the number of incoming waves by storing and setting a threshold for each relative distance to the target, and then comparing this threshold with the eigen value (which is proportional to the reception intensity).",
"\nIn addition, there is a method (refer to Patent Documents 9, for example) which normalizes an eigen value as one of the diagonal element value of the original covariance matrix (in other words, the correlation matrix), and then distinguishes based on a threshold value. ",
"This method is not designed to be used for a vehicle-mounted device. ",
" [Non-Patent Document 1] “Adaptive Signal Processing Using Array Antennas,” Kikuma Nobuyoshi (Kagaku Gijutsu Shyuppan, 1998). ",
" [Non-Patent Document 2] “Adaptive Antenna Technology,” Kikuma Nobuyoshi (Ohm Sha, 2003). ",
" [Patent Document 1] Japanese Unexamined Patent Application, First Publication No. ",
"2000-284044 [Patent Document 2] Japanese Unexamined Patent Application, First Publication No. ",
"2006-275840 [Patent Document 3] Japanese Unexamined Patent Application, First Publication No. ",
"2006-308542 [Patent Document 4] Japanese Unexamined Patent Application, First Publication No. ",
"2007-040806 [Patent Document 5] Japanese Unexamined Patent Application, First Publication No. ",
"2006-145251 [Patent Document 6] Japanese Unexamined Patent Application, First Publication No. ",
"2006-242695 [Patent Document 7] Japanese Unexamined Patent Application, First Publication No. ",
"2006-284182 [Patent Document 8] Japanese Unexamined Patent Application, First Publication No. ",
"2006-047282 [Patent Document 9] Japanese Unexamined Patent Application, First Publication No. ",
"2006-153579 [Patent Document 10] Japanese Unexamined Patent Application, First Publication No. ",
"2000-121716"
] | {
"pile_set_name": "USPTO Backgrounds"
} | [
0.0006613566656596959,
0.0005532340728677809,
0.0006083153421059251,
0.0005509995971806347,
0.0006797508685849607,
0.0005622247117571533,
0.0005825206753797829,
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0.000548154697753489,
0.0005465928697958589,
0.0005329044652171433,
0.0006220301147550344,
0.0005799294449388981,
0.0005808754358440638,
0.0006304336129687726,
0.0006099743186496198,
0.0005699464818462729,
0.0006359562976285815,
0.0006865265895612538,
0.0005966224707663059,
0.0005997035768814385,
0.000626336841378361,
0.0006258066277951002,
0.0005988022894598544,
0.0006460043950937688,
0.0006290187011472881,
0.0006408282788470387,
0.0006158063188195229,
0.000647393346298486,
0.000636583601590246,
0.000728566781617701
] | 0.000601 | 71 |
[
"3D Systems Corporation and Mr. Kevin P. McAlea are parties to a severance arrangement pursuant to\nwhich Mr. McAlea would become entitled to severance payments equal to nine months of his then\ncurrent salary if his employment is terminated other than for cause."
] | {
"pile_set_name": "Pile-CC"
} | [
0.0006605245871469378
] | 0.000661 | 1 |
[
"WHY LOOK ANYWHERE ELSE\n\nAre you looking for that special item you cant find anywhere else Well check my store. ",
"I will be posting new things every day. ",
"I also run sp...read more\n\nWHY LOOK ANYWHERE ELSE\n\nAre you looking for that special item you cant find anywhere else Well check my store. ",
"I will be posting new things every day. ",
"I also run specials all the time. ",
"And yes I do combine shipping. ",
"MY ITEMS COME FROM MY HOME,FAMILY,ESTATE SALES,GARAGE SALES,AUCTIONS AND SOME STUFF I SELL FOR FRIENDS."
] | {
"pile_set_name": "Pile-CC"
} | [
0.0014208806678652763,
0.0006585316732525826,
0.0014290654798969626,
0.0006585316732525826,
0.0006852637743577361,
0.0005769702256657183,
0.0008354945457540452
] | 0.000895 | 7 |
[
"Proto-human\n\nProto-human may refer to:\n\n Archaic Homo sapiens, a loosely defined classification that includes a number of varieties of Homo\n Australopithecina, a collective classification of extinct, close relatives of humans, some of which are probable ancestors of humans and early hominins\n Proto-Human language, a designation of the hypothetical most recent common ancestor of all the world's languages\n\nSee also\n Human evolution"
] | {
"pile_set_name": "Wikipedia (en)"
} | [
0.0006742120604030788
] | 0.000674 | 1 |
[
"The U.S. military said Monday it had killed the second in command of a Somalia-based ISIS affiliate in an airstrike over the weekend.",
"\n\nIn a statement, U.S. Africa Command said Abdulhakim Dhuqub died in the Bari region of Somalia, an area which includes the tip of the Horn of Africa peninsula.",
"\n\nThe statement referred to Dhuqub as ISIS-Somalia’s “second in command” and responsible for the “daily operations of the extremist group, attack planning, and resource procurement.\"",
"\n\nISIS MEMBER TASKED WITH 'BRINGING IN MIGRANTS,' NEWLY OBTAINED TERROR GROUP DOCUMENTS SHOW\n\nAfrica Command said the strike killed only Dhuqub, and also destroyed a vehicle.",
"\n\n“We continue to work with our Somali partners to keep pressure on the al-Shabaab and ISIS Somalia terror networks,\" said Marine Corps Maj. ",
"Gen. Gregg Olson, U.S. Africa Command’s director of operations. \"",
"When it supports the strategy, we use precision airstrikes to target those who plan and carry out the violent extremist activities that put Somalis at risk.\"",
"\n\nNot much is known about Dhuqub; his name does not appear on the State Dept.",
"'s Reward for Justice website normally reserved for top terrorists and there is not much information publicly available online. ",
"ISIS-Somalia is a relatively small terrorist group consisting of roughly 125 fighters, according to officials.",
"\n\nCLICK HERE TO GET THE FOX NEWS APP\n\nThe strike took place days after Somalia's prime minister Hassan Khayre visited the White House and the Pentagon.",
"\n\nThe U.S. military has launched 31 airstrikes in Somalia this year, following a record-setting 47 last year. ",
"In 2017, President Trump authorized the military to conduct offensive strikes in Somalia against Al Qaeda-linked Shabab fighters as well as the ISIS affiliate."
] | {
"pile_set_name": "OpenWebText2"
} | [
0.0012623491929844022,
0.0006765878642909229,
0.000722177792340517,
0.00070505979238078,
0.0008972410578280687,
0.0006273796898312867,
0.001033305423334241,
0.0006926865316927433,
0.014721461571753025,
0.0008152412483468652,
0.0006392599316313863,
0.0006294975755736232,
0.0008463067933917046
] | 0.001867 | 13 |
[
"########################################################################\n# File name: test_testutils.py\n# This file is part of: aioxmpp\n#\n# LICENSE\n#\n# This program is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify\n# it under the terms of the GNU Lesser General Public License as\n# published by the Free Software Foundation, either version 3 of the\n# License, or (at your option) any later version.",
"\n#\n# This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but\n# WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of\n# MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. ",
" See the GNU\n# Lesser General Public License for more details.",
"\n#\n# You should have received a copy of the GNU Lesser General Public\n# License along with this program. ",
" If not, see\n# <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.",
"\n#\n########################################################################\nimport asyncio\nimport unittest\nimport unittest.mock\n\nfrom datetime import timedelta\n\nfrom aioxmpp.testutils import (\n run_coroutine,\n make_protocol_mock,\n TransportMock,\n XMLStreamMock,\n run_coroutine_with_peer,\n make_connected_client,\n CoroutineMock,\n make_listener,\n)\nfrom aioxmpp.xmltestutils import XMLTestCase\n\nimport aioxmpp.xso as xso\nimport aioxmpp.callbacks as callbacks\nimport aioxmpp.nonza as nonza\n\nfrom aioxmpp.utils import etree\n\n\nclass TestRunCoroutine(unittest.",
"TestCase):\n def test_result(self):\n obj = object()\n\n async def test():\n return obj\n\n self.assertIs(\n obj,\n run_coroutine(test())\n )\n\n def test_exception(self):\n async def test():\n raise ValueError()\n\n with self.assertRaises(ValueError):\n run_coroutine(test())\n\n def test_timeout(self):\n async def test():\n await asyncio.sleep(1)\n\n with self.assertRaises(asyncio.",
"TimeoutError):\n run_coroutine(test(), timeout=0.01)\n\n\nclass TestTransportMock(unittest.",
"TestCase):\n def setUp(self):\n self.protocol = make_protocol_mock()\n self.loop = asyncio.get_event_loop()\n self.t = TransportMock(self, self.protocol, loop=self.loop)\n\n def _run_test(self, t, *args, **kwargs):\n return run_coroutine(t.run_test(*args, **kwargs), loop=self.loop)\n\n def test_run_test(self):\n self._run_test(self.t, [])\n self.assertSequenceEqual(\n self.protocol.mock_calls,\n [\n unittest.mock.call.connection_made(self.t),\n unittest.mock.call.connection_lost(None),\n ])\n\n def test_stimulus(self):\n self._run_test(self.t, [], stimulus=b\"foo\")\n self.assertSequenceEqual(\n self.protocol.mock_calls,\n [\n unittest.mock.call.connection_made(self.t),\n unittest.mock.call.data_received(b\"foo\"),\n unittest.mock.call.connection_lost(None),\n ])\n\n def test_request_response(self):\n def data_received(data):\n assert data in {b\"foo\", b\"baz\"}\n if data == b\"foo\":\n self.t.write(b\"bar\")\n elif data == b\"baz\":\n self.t.close()\n\n self.protocol.data_received = data_received\n self._run_test(\n self.t,\n [\n TransportMock.",
"Write(\n b\"bar\",\n response=TransportMock.",
"Receive(b\"baz\")),\n TransportMock.",
"Close()\n ],\n stimulus=b\"foo\")\n\n def test_request_multiresponse(self):\n def data_received(data):\n assert data in {b\"foo\", b\"bar\", b\"baz\"}\n if data == b\"foo\":\n self.t.write(b\"bar\")\n elif data == b\"bar\":\n self.t.write(b\"baric\")\n elif data == b\"baz\":\n self.t.close()\n\n self.protocol.data_received = data_received\n self._run_test(\n self.t,\n [\n TransportMock.",
"Write(\n b\"bar\",\n response=[\n TransportMock.",
"Receive(b\"bar\"),\n TransportMock.",
"Receive(b\"baz\")\n ]),\n TransportMock.",
"Write(b\"baric\"),\n TransportMock.",
"Close()\n ],\n stimulus=b\"foo\")\n\n def test_catch_asynchronous_invalid_action(self):\n def connection_made(transport):\n self.loop.call_soon(transport.close)\n\n self.protocol.connection_made = connection_made\n with self.assertRaises(AssertionError):\n self._run_test(\n self.t,\n [\n TransportMock.",
"Write(b\"foo\")\n ])\n\n def test_catch_invalid_write(self):\n def connection_made(transport):\n transport.write(b\"fnord\")\n\n self.protocol.connection_made = connection_made\n with self.assertRaisesRegex(\n AssertionError,\n \"mismatch of expected and written data\"):\n self._run_test(\n self.t,\n [\n TransportMock.",
"Write(b\"foo\")\n ])\n\n def test_catch_surplus_write(self):\n def connection_made(transport):\n transport.write(b\"fnord\")\n\n self.protocol.connection_made = connection_made\n with self.assertRaisesRegex(AssertionError, \"unexpected write\"):\n self._run_test(\n self.t,\n [\n ])\n\n def test_catch_unexpected_close(self):\n def connection_made(transport):\n transport.close()\n\n self.protocol.connection_made = connection_made\n with self.assertRaisesRegex(AssertionError, \"unexpected close\"):\n self._run_test(\n self.t,\n [\n TransportMock.",
"Write(b\"foo\")\n ])\n\n def test_catch_surplus_close(self):\n def connection_made(transport):\n transport.close()\n\n self.protocol.connection_made = connection_made\n with self.assertRaisesRegex(AssertionError, \"unexpected close\"):\n self._run_test(\n self.t,\n [\n ])\n\n def test_allow_asynchronous_partial_write(self):\n def connection_made(transport):\n self.loop.call_soon(transport.write, b\"f\")\n self.loop.call_soon(transport.write, b\"o\")\n self.loop.call_soon(transport.write, b\"o\")\n\n self.protocol.connection_made = connection_made\n self._run_test(\n self.t,\n [\n TransportMock.",
"Write(b\"foo\")\n ])\n\n def test_asynchronous_request_response(self):\n def data_received(data):\n self.assertIn(data, {b\"foo\", b\"baz\"})\n if data == b\"foo\":\n self.loop.call_soon(self.t.write, b\"bar\")\n elif data == b\"baz\":\n self.loop.call_soon(self.t.close)\n\n self.protocol.data_received = data_received\n self._run_test(\n self.t,\n [\n TransportMock.",
"Write(\n b\"bar\",\n response=TransportMock.",
"Receive(b\"baz\")),\n TransportMock.",
"Close()\n ],\n stimulus=b\"foo\")\n\n def test_response_eof_received(self):\n def connection_made(transport):\n transport.close()\n\n self.protocol.connection_made = connection_made\n self._run_test(\n self.t,\n [\n TransportMock.",
"Close(\n response=TransportMock.",
"ReceiveEof()\n )\n ])\n self.assertSequenceEqual(\n self.protocol.mock_calls,\n [\n unittest.mock.call.eof_received(),\n unittest.mock.call.connection_lost(None)\n ])\n\n def test_response_lose_connection(self):\n def connection_made(transport):\n transport.close()\n\n obj = object()\n\n self.protocol.connection_made = connection_made\n self._run_test(\n self.t,\n [\n TransportMock.",
"Close(\n response=TransportMock.",
"LoseConnection(obj)\n )\n ])\n self.assertSequenceEqual(\n self.protocol.mock_calls,\n [\n unittest.mock.call.connection_lost(obj)\n ])\n\n def test_writelines(self):\n def connection_made(transport):\n transport.writelines([b\"foo\", b\"bar\"])\n\n self.protocol.connection_made = connection_made\n\n self._run_test(\n self.t,\n [\n TransportMock.",
"Write(b\"foobar\")\n ])\n\n def test_can_write_eof(self):\n self.assertTrue(self.t.can_write_eof())\n\n def test_abort(self):\n def connection_made(transport):\n transport.abort()\n\n self.protocol.connection_made = connection_made\n\n self._run_test(\n self.t,\n [\n TransportMock.",
"Abort()\n ])\n\n def test_write_eof(self):\n def connection_made(transport):\n transport.write_eof()\n\n self.protocol.connection_made = connection_made\n\n self._run_test(\n self.t,\n [\n TransportMock.",
"WriteEof()\n ])\n\n def test_catch_surplus_write_eof(self):\n def connection_made(transport):\n transport.write_eof()\n\n self.protocol.connection_made = connection_made\n\n with self.assertRaisesRegex(\n AssertionError,\n \"unexpected write_eof\"):\n self._run_test(\n self.t,\n [\n ])\n\n def test_catch_unexpected_write_eof(self):\n def connection_made(transport):\n transport.write_eof()\n\n self.protocol.connection_made = connection_made\n\n with self.assertRaisesRegex(\n AssertionError,\n \"unexpected write_eof\"):\n self._run_test(\n self.t,\n [\n TransportMock.",
"Abort()\n ])\n\n def test_catch_surplus_abort(self):\n def connection_made(transport):\n transport.abort()\n\n self.protocol.connection_made = connection_made\n\n with self.assertRaisesRegex(\n AssertionError,\n \"unexpected abort\"):\n self._run_test(\n self.t,\n [\n ])\n\n def test_catch_unexpected_abort(self):\n def connection_made(transport):\n transport.abort()\n\n self.protocol.connection_made = connection_made\n\n with self.assertRaisesRegex(\n AssertionError,\n \"unexpected abort\"):\n self._run_test(\n self.t,\n [\n TransportMock.",
"WriteEof()\n ])\n\n def test_invalid_response(self):\n def connection_made(transport):\n transport.write(b\"foo\")\n\n self.protocol.connection_made = connection_made\n\n with self.assertRaisesRegex(\n RuntimeError,\n \"test specification incorrect\"):\n self._run_test(\n self.t,\n [\n TransportMock.",
"Write(\n b\"foo\",\n response=1)\n ])\n\n def test_response_sequence(self):\n def connection_made(transport):\n transport.write(b\"foo\")\n\n self.protocol.connection_made = connection_made\n\n self._run_test(\n self.t,\n [\n TransportMock.",
"Write(\n b\"foo\",\n response=[\n TransportMock.",
"Receive(b\"foo\"),\n TransportMock.",
"ReceiveEof()\n ])\n ])\n\n self.assertSequenceEqual(\n self.protocol.mock_calls,\n [\n unittest.mock.call.data_received(b\"foo\"),\n unittest.mock.call.eof_received(),\n unittest.mock.call.connection_lost(None),\n ])\n\n def test_clear_error_message(self):\n def connection_made(transport):\n transport.write(b\"foo\")\n transport.write(b\"bar\")\n\n self.protocol.connection_made = connection_made\n\n with self.assertRaises(AssertionError):\n self._run_test(\n self.t,\n [\n TransportMock.",
"Write(b\"baz\")\n ])\n\n def test_detached_response(self):\n data = []\n\n def data_received(blob):\n data.append(blob)\n\n def connection_made(transport):\n transport.write(b\"foo\")\n self.assertFalse(data)\n\n self.protocol.connection_made = connection_made\n self.protocol.data_received = data_received\n\n self._run_test(\n self.t,\n [\n TransportMock.",
"Write(\n b\"foo\",\n response=TransportMock.",
"Receive(b\"bar\")\n )\n ])\n\n def test_no_response_conflict(self):\n data = []\n\n def data_received(blob):\n data.append(blob)\n\n def connection_made(transport):\n transport.write(b\"foo\")\n self.assertFalse(data)\n transport.write(b\"bar\")\n\n self.protocol.connection_made = connection_made\n self.protocol.data_received = data_received\n\n self._run_test(\n self.t,\n [\n TransportMock.",
"Write(\n b\"foo\",\n response=TransportMock.",
"Receive(b\"baz\"),\n ),\n TransportMock.",
"Write(\n b\"bar\",\n response=TransportMock.",
"Receive(b\"baz\")\n )\n ])\n\n def test_partial(self):\n def connection_made(transport):\n transport.write(b\"foo\")\n\n self.protocol.connection_made = connection_made\n\n self._run_test(\n self.t,\n [\n TransportMock.",
"Write(\n b\"foo\",\n ),\n ],\n partial=True\n )\n\n self.t.write_eof()\n self.t.close()\n\n self._run_test(\n self.t,\n [\n TransportMock.",
"WriteEof(),\n TransportMock.",
"Close()\n ]\n )\n\n def test_no_starttls_by_default(self):\n self.assertFalse(self.t.can_starttls())\n with self.assertRaises(RuntimeError):\n run_coroutine(self.t.starttls())\n\n def test_starttls(self):\n self.t = TransportMock(self, self.protocol,\n with_starttls=True,\n loop=self.loop)\n self.assertTrue(self.t.can_starttls())\n\n fut = asyncio.",
"Future()\n def connection_made(transport):\n fut.set_result(None)\n\n self.protocol.connection_made = connection_made\n\n ssl_context = unittest.mock.",
"Mock()\n post_handshake_callback = CoroutineMock()\n post_handshake_callback.return_value = None\n\n async def late_starttls():\n await fut\n await self.t.starttls(ssl_context, post_handshake_callback)\n\n run_coroutine_with_peer(\n late_starttls(),\n self.t.run_test(\n [\n TransportMock.",
"STARTTLS(ssl_context,\n post_handshake_callback)\n ]\n )\n )\n\n post_handshake_callback.assert_called_once_with(self.t)\n\n def test_starttls_without_callback(self):\n self.t = TransportMock(self, self.protocol,\n with_starttls=True,\n loop=self.loop)\n self.assertTrue(self.t.can_starttls())\n\n fut = asyncio.",
"Future()\n def connection_made(transport):\n fut.set_result(None)\n\n self.protocol.connection_made = connection_made\n\n ssl_context = unittest.mock.",
"Mock()\n\n async def late_starttls():\n await fut\n await self.t.starttls(ssl_context)\n\n run_coroutine_with_peer(\n late_starttls(),\n self.t.run_test(\n [\n TransportMock.",
"STARTTLS(ssl_context, None)\n ]\n )\n )\n\n def test_exception_from_stimulus_bubbles_up(self):\n exc = ConnectionError(\"foobar\")\n\n def data_received(data):\n raise exc\n\n self.protocol.data_received = data_received\n\n with self.assertRaises(ConnectionError) as ctx:\n run_coroutine(\n self.t.run_test(\n [\n ],\n stimulus=TransportMock.",
"Receive(b\"foobar\")\n )\n )\n\n self.assertIs(\n exc,\n ctx.exception\n )\n\n def tearDown(self):\n del self.t\n del self.loop\n del self.protocol\n\n\nclass TestXMLStreamMock(XMLTestCase):\n def setUp(self):\n class Cls(xso.",
"XSO):\n TAG = (\"uri:foo\", \"foo\")\n\n self.",
"Cls = Cls\n self.loop = asyncio.get_event_loop()\n self.xmlstream = XMLStreamMock(self, loop=self.loop)\n\n def test_register_stanza_handler(self):\n received = []\n\n def handler(obj):\n nonlocal received\n received.append(obj)\n\n obj = self.",
"Cls()\n\n self.xmlstream.stanza_parser.add_class(self.",
"Cls, handler)\n\n run_coroutine(self.xmlstream.run_test(\n [],\n stimulus=XMLStreamMock.",
"Receive(obj)\n ))\n\n self.assertSequenceEqual(\n [\n obj\n ],\n received\n )\n\n def test_send_xso(self):\n obj = self.",
"Cls()\n\n def handler(obj):\n self.xmlstream.send_xso(obj)\n\n self.xmlstream.stanza_parser.add_class(self.",
"Cls, handler)\n run_coroutine(self.xmlstream.run_test(\n [\n XMLStreamMock.",
"Send(obj),\n ],\n stimulus=XMLStreamMock.",
"Receive(obj)\n ))\n\n def test_catch_missing_stanza_handler(self):\n obj = self.",
"Cls()\n\n with self.assertRaisesRegex(AssertionError, \"no handler registered\"):\n run_coroutine(self.xmlstream.run_test(\n [\n ],\n stimulus=XMLStreamMock.",
"Receive(obj)\n ))\n\n def test_no_termination_on_missing_action(self):\n obj = self.",
"Cls()\n\n with self.assertRaises(asyncio.",
"TimeoutError):\n run_coroutine(\n self.xmlstream.run_test(\n [\n XMLStreamMock.",
"Send(obj),\n ],\n ),\n timeout=0.05)\n\n def test_catch_surplus_send(self):\n self.xmlstream.send_xso(self.",
"Cls())\n\n with self.assertRaisesRegex(\n AssertionError,\n r\"unexpected send_xso\\(<tests.test_testutils.",
"TestXMLStreamMock\"\n r\".setUp.<locals>.Cls object at 0x[a-fA-F0-9]+>\\)\"):\n run_coroutine(self.xmlstream.run_test(\n [\n ],\n ))\n\n def test_reset(self):\n obj = self.",
"Cls()\n\n def handler(obj):\n self.xmlstream.reset()\n\n self.xmlstream.stanza_parser.add_class(self.",
"Cls, handler)\n run_coroutine(self.xmlstream.run_test(\n [\n XMLStreamMock.",
"Reset(),\n ],\n stimulus=XMLStreamMock.",
"Receive(obj)\n ))\n\n def test_catch_surplus_reset(self):\n self.xmlstream.reset()\n\n with self.assertRaisesRegex(AssertionError,\n \"unexpected reset\"):\n run_coroutine(self.xmlstream.run_test(\n [\n ],\n ))\n\n def test_close(self):\n closing_handler = unittest.mock.",
"Mock()\n fut = self.xmlstream.error_future()\n\n obj = self.",
"Cls()\n\n self.xmlstream.on_closing.connect(closing_handler)\n\n def handler(obj):\n self.xmlstream.close()\n\n self.xmlstream.stanza_parser.add_class(self.",
"Cls, handler)\n run_coroutine(self.xmlstream.run_test(\n [\n XMLStreamMock.",
"Close(),\n ],\n stimulus=XMLStreamMock.",
"Receive(obj)\n ))\n\n self.assertSequenceEqual(\n [\n unittest.mock.call(None),\n ],\n closing_handler.mock_calls\n )\n\n self.assertTrue(fut.done())\n self.assertIsInstance(\n fut.exception(),\n ConnectionError\n )\n\n def test_catch_surplus_close(self):\n self.xmlstream.close()\n\n with self.assertRaisesRegex(AssertionError,\n \"unexpected close\"):\n run_coroutine(self.xmlstream.run_test(\n [\n ],\n ))\n\n def test_mute_unmute_cycle(self):\n with self.xmlstream.mute():\n run_coroutine(self.xmlstream.run_test(\n [\n XMLStreamMock.",
"Mute(),\n ],\n ))\n\n run_coroutine(self.xmlstream.run_test(\n [\n XMLStreamMock.",
"Unmute(),\n ],\n ))\n\n def test_catch_surplus_mute(self):\n with self.xmlstream.mute():\n with self.assertRaisesRegex(AssertionError,\n \"unexpected mute\"):\n run_coroutine(self.xmlstream.run_test(\n [\n ],\n ))\n\n def test_catch_surplus_unmute(self):\n with self.xmlstream.mute():\n pass\n\n with self.assertRaisesRegex(AssertionError,\n \"unexpected unmute\"):\n run_coroutine(self.xmlstream.run_test(\n [\n XMLStreamMock.",
"Mute(),\n ],\n ))\n\n def test_starttls(self):\n ssl_context = unittest.mock.",
"MagicMock()\n post_handshake_callback = CoroutineMock()\n post_handshake_callback.return_value = None\n\n self.xmlstream.transport = object()\n\n run_coroutine(\n asyncio.gather(\n self.xmlstream.starttls(ssl_context, post_handshake_callback),\n self.xmlstream.run_test(\n [\n XMLStreamMock.",
"STARTTLS(\n ssl_context,\n post_handshake_callback)\n ],\n )\n )\n )\n\n post_handshake_callback.assert_called_once_with(\n self.xmlstream.transport)\n\n def test_starttls_without_callback(self):\n ssl_context = unittest.mock.",
"MagicMock()\n\n self.xmlstream.transport = object()\n\n run_coroutine(\n asyncio.gather(\n self.xmlstream.starttls(ssl_context, None),\n self.xmlstream.run_test(\n [\n XMLStreamMock.",
"STARTTLS(ssl_context, None)\n ],\n )\n )\n )\n\n def test_starttls_reject_incorrect_arguments(self):\n ssl_context = unittest.mock.",
"MagicMock()\n post_handshake_callback = unittest.mock.",
"MagicMock()\n\n self.xmlstream.transport = object()\n\n with self.assertRaisesRegex(AssertionError,\n \"mismatched starttls argument\"):\n run_coroutine(\n asyncio.gather(\n self.xmlstream.starttls(object(), post_handshake_callback),\n self.xmlstream.run_test(\n [\n XMLStreamMock.",
"STARTTLS(\n ssl_context,\n post_handshake_callback)\n ],\n )\n )\n )\n\n with self.assertRaisesRegex(AssertionError,\n \"mismatched starttls argument\"):\n run_coroutine(\n asyncio.gather(\n self.xmlstream.starttls(ssl_context, object()),\n self.xmlstream.run_test(\n [\n XMLStreamMock.",
"STARTTLS(\n ssl_context,\n post_handshake_callback)\n ],\n )\n )\n )\n\n def test_starttls_propagates_exception_from_callback(self):\n ssl_context = unittest.mock.",
"MagicMock()\n post_handshake_callback = unittest.mock.",
"MagicMock()\n\n self.xmlstream.transport = object()\n\n exc = ValueError()\n post_handshake_callback.side_effect = exc\n\n caught_exception, other_result = run_coroutine(\n asyncio.gather(\n self.xmlstream.starttls(ssl_context, post_handshake_callback),\n self.xmlstream.run_test(\n [\n XMLStreamMock.",
"STARTTLS(\n ssl_context,\n post_handshake_callback)\n ],\n ),\n return_exceptions=True\n )\n )\n\n self.assertIs(caught_exception, exc)\n self.assertIs(other_result, None)\n\n def test_fail(self):\n exc = ValueError()\n fun = unittest.mock.",
"MagicMock()\n fun.return_value = None\n\n ec_future = asyncio.ensure_future(self.xmlstream.error_future())\n\n self.xmlstream.on_closing.connect(fun)\n\n run_coroutine(self.xmlstream.run_test(\n [\n ],\n stimulus=XMLStreamMock.",
"Fail(exc=exc)\n ))\n\n self.assertTrue(ec_future.done())\n self.assertIs(exc, ec_future.exception())\n\n fun.assert_called_once_with(exc)\n\n with self.assertRaises(ValueError) as ctx:\n self.xmlstream.reset()\n self.assertIs(exc, ctx.exception)\n with self.assertRaises(ValueError) as ctx:\n run_coroutine(self.xmlstream.starttls(object()))\n self.assertIs(exc, ctx.exception)\n with self.assertRaises(ValueError) as ctx:\n self.xmlstream.send_xso(object())\n self.assertIs(exc, ctx.exception)\n\n with self.assertRaisesRegex(TypeError,\n \"clear_exception\"):\n run_coroutine(self.xmlstream.run_test(\n [\n ],\n clear_exception=True\n ))\n\n def test_close_and_wait(self):\n task = asyncio.ensure_future(self.xmlstream.close_and_wait())\n\n run_coroutine(self.xmlstream.run_test(\n [\n XMLStreamMock.",
"Close(),\n ]\n ))\n\n self.assertTrue(task.done())\n\n def test_abort(self):\n fut = self.xmlstream.error_future()\n\n obj = self.",
"Cls()\n\n def handler(obj):\n self.xmlstream.abort()\n\n self.xmlstream.stanza_parser.add_class(self.",
"Cls, handler)\n run_coroutine(self.xmlstream.run_test(\n [\n XMLStreamMock.",
"Abort(),\n ],\n stimulus=XMLStreamMock.",
"Receive(obj)\n ))\n\n self.assertTrue(fut.done())\n self.assertIsInstance(\n fut.exception(),\n ConnectionError\n )\n\n def test_catch_surplus_abort(self):\n self.xmlstream.abort()\n\n with self.assertRaisesRegex(AssertionError,\n \"unexpected abort\"):\n run_coroutine(self.xmlstream.run_test(\n [\n ],\n ))\n\n def tearDown(self):\n del self.xmlstream\n del self.loop\n\n\nclass Testmake_connected_client(unittest.",
"TestCase):\n def test_attributes(self):\n cc = make_connected_client()\n self.assertTrue(hasattr(cc, \"stream\"))\n self.assertTrue(hasattr(cc, \"start\"))\n self.assertTrue(hasattr(cc, \"stop\"))\n self.assertTrue(hasattr(cc, \"established\"))\n self.assertTrue(hasattr(cc, \"send\"))\n self.assertTrue(hasattr(cc, \"enqueue\"))\n\n self.assertIs(cc.established, True)\n\n self.assertIsInstance(cc.on_failure, callbacks.",
"AdHocSignal)\n self.assertIsInstance(cc.on_stopped, callbacks.",
"AdHocSignal)\n self.assertIsInstance(cc.on_stream_destroyed, callbacks.",
"AdHocSignal)\n self.assertIsInstance(cc.on_stream_established, callbacks.",
"AdHocSignal)\n\n self.assertIsInstance(cc.before_stream_established,\n callbacks.",
"SyncAdHocSignal)\n\n self.assertEqual(\n timedelta(microseconds=100000),\n cc.negotiation_timeout\n )\n\n self.assertTrue(hasattr(cc.stream, \"register_iq_response_future\"))\n self.assertTrue(hasattr(cc.stream, \"register_iq_request_handler\"))\n self.assertTrue(hasattr(cc.stream, \"register_message_callback\"))\n self.assertTrue(hasattr(cc.stream, \"register_iq_response_callback\"))\n self.assertTrue(hasattr(cc.stream, \"register_presence_callback\"))\n self.assertIsInstance(cc.send, CoroutineMock)\n\n self.assertIsInstance(cc.stream_features, nonza.",
"StreamFeatures)\n\n self.assertIs(cc.stream.enqueue, cc.stream.enqueue_stanza)\n\n def test_summon_uses_services_dict(self):\n cc = make_connected_client()\n\n self.assertDictEqual(\n {},\n cc.mock_services\n )\n\n instance = object()\n cc.mock_services[object] = instance\n\n self.assertIs(instance, cc.summon(object))\n\n def test_summon_asserts_on_not_summoned_service(self):\n cc = make_connected_client()\n\n with self.assertRaises(AssertionError):\n cc.summon(object)\n\n\nclass TestCoroutineMock(unittest.",
"TestCase):\n def test_inherits_from_Mock(self):\n self.assertTrue(issubclass(CoroutineMock, unittest.mock.",
"Mock))\n\n def test_return_value(self):\n m = CoroutineMock()\n m.return_value = \"foobar\"\n self.assertEqual(\n \"foobar\",\n run_coroutine(m())\n )\n\n def test_side_effect_exception(self):\n m = CoroutineMock()\n m.side_effect = ValueError()\n with self.assertRaises(ValueError):\n run_coroutine(m())\n\n def test_schedules(self):\n called = False\n m = CoroutineMock()\n def cb():\n nonlocal called\n called = True\n\n loop = asyncio.get_event_loop()\n loop.call_soon(cb)\n\n run_coroutine(m(), loop=loop)\n\n self.assertTrue(called)\n\n def test_registered_in_mock_calls(self):\n m = CoroutineMock()\n run_coroutine(m(\"foo\", 123))\n run_coroutine(m(\"bar\", test=None))\n\n self.assertSequenceEqual(\n [\n unittest.mock.call(\"foo\", 123),\n unittest.mock.call(\"bar\", test=None),\n ],\n m.mock_calls\n )\n\n def test_delay(self):\n m = CoroutineMock()\n self.assertEqual(0, m.delay)\n\n def test_set_delay(self):\n m = CoroutineMock()\n m.delay = 1\n with self.assertRaises(asyncio.",
"TimeoutError):\n run_coroutine(m(), timeout=0.01)\n\n self.assertSequenceEqual(\n [\n unittest.mock.call(),\n ],\n m.mock_calls\n )\n\n\nclass TestMockMonkeyPatches(unittest.",
"TestCase):\n def test_assert_not_called_works(self):\n m = unittest.mock.",
"Mock()\n m.assert_not_called()\n self.assertFalse(m.mock_calls)\n\n m()\n with self.assertRaises(AssertionError):\n m.assert_not_called()\n\n\nclass Testmake_listener(unittest.",
"TestCase):\n def test_connects_to_signals(self):\n class Foo:\n on_a = callbacks.",
"Signal()\n\n f = Foo()\n listener = make_listener(f)\n\n f.on_a(\"foo\")\n listener.on_a.assert_called_once_with(\"foo\")\n\n listener.reset_mock()\n f.on_a(\"bar\")\n listener.on_a.assert_called_once_with(\"bar\")\n\n listener.reset_mock()\n f.on_a(\"baz\")\n listener.on_a.assert_called_once_with(\"baz\")\n\n def test_connects_to_signals_of_base_class(self):\n class Foo:\n on_a = callbacks.",
"Signal()\n\n class Bar(Foo):\n on_b = callbacks.",
"Signal()\n\n b = Bar()\n listener = make_listener(b)\n\n b.on_a(\"foo\")\n listener.on_a.assert_called_once_with(\"foo\")\n\n listener.reset_mock()\n b.on_a(\"bar\")\n listener.on_a.assert_called_once_with(\"bar\")\n\n listener.reset_mock()\n b.on_a(\"baz\")\n listener.on_a.assert_called_once_with(\"baz\")\n\n def test_handles_overridden_attributes(self):\n class Foo:\n on_a = callbacks.",
"Signal()\n on_b = callbacks.",
"Signal()\n\n class Bar(Foo):\n on_a = None\n on_b = callbacks.",
"Signal()\n on_c = callbacks.",
"Signal()\n\n b = Bar()\n listener = make_listener(b)\n\n b.on_b(\"foo\")\n listener.on_b.assert_called_once_with(\"foo\")\n\n def test_has_no_non_listener_attributes(self):\n class Foo:\n on_a = callbacks.",
"Signal()\n\n f = Foo()\n listener = make_listener(f)\n\n self.assertFalse(hasattr(listener, \"foobar\"))\n with self.assertRaises(AttributeError):\n listener.foobar\n"
] | {
"pile_set_name": "Github"
} | [
0.0013196271611377597,
0.0006269579753279686,
0.0005851371097378433,
0.0006425241008400917,
0.0006098513840697706,
0.005759594030678272,
0.0030835263896733522,
0.0008048697491176426,
0.004806111101061106,
0.0009074468398466706,
0.0007865246734581888,
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0.0007366103236563504,
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0.024170024320483208,
0.0007956897607073188,
0.0007788414950482547,
0.0008727275999262929,
0.024170024320483208,
0.0008289258694276214,
0.0015668298583477736,
0.0007986100972630084,
0.0027961351443082094,
0.0017117790412157774,
0.0007645845180377364,
0.0007550942827947438,
0.000769656675402075,
0.008020938374102116,
0.0009789072209969163,
0.0011299336329102516,
0.0010674598161131144,
0.0008101151906885207,
0.0009902630699798465,
0.0010787202045321465,
0.001542607438750565,
0.0012630930868908763,
0.004035050515085459,
0.0014270704705268145,
0.00136633834335953,
0.0010835598222911358,
0.000739307957701385,
0.000915907381568104,
0.0006841886206530035,
0.0007822447805665433,
0.0006683560786768794,
0.0007269203197211027,
0.0006568506360054016,
0.0008087765891104937,
0.0009755052160471678
] | 0.002263 | 121 |
[
"Q:\n\nShow that the ideal generated by $13$ and $x^2 − x + 1$ in $\\mathbb Z[x]$ is not maximal.",
"\n\nI need to show that the ideal generated by $x^2 − x + 1$ and 13 in $\\mathbb{Z}[x]$ is not maximal.",
"\n\nI think that I need to check first that the polynomial is irreducible, but not sure how to follow from that.",
"\n\nA:\n\nThe maximal ideals of $\\Bbb Z[x]$ are well-known to be of the form $(p, f(x))$, where $p \\in \\Bbb P$ is a prime and $f(x)$ is irreducible $\\mod p$; see this essay for a proof. ",
" Applying this criterion to $(13, x^2 - x + 1)$, we see that $x^2 - x + 1$ is reducible $\\mod 13$, since $4 \\in \\Bbb Z_{13}$ is a root:\n$4^2 - 4 + 1 = 16 - 4 + 1 = 13 \\equiv 0 \\mod 13; \\tag 1$\nthus\n$x - 4 \\mid x^2 - x + 1 \\; \\text{in} \\; \\Bbb Z_{13}; \\tag 2$\nindeed, in $\\Bbb Z_{13}$,\n$(x - 4)(x - 10) = x^2 - (4 + 10)x + 40$\n$= x^2 - 14x + 40 \\equiv x^2 - x + 1 \\mod 13. ",
"\\tag 3$\nSince $x^2 - x + 1$ is reducible $\\mod 13$, by the cited result $(13, x^2 - x + 1)$ is not maximal in $\\Bbb Z[x]$.\n\n"
] | {
"pile_set_name": "StackExchange"
} | [
0.0008920246036723256,
0.0007256772369146347,
0.0005525126471184194,
0.000868811272084713,
0.0037411884404718876,
0.0011070731561630964
] | 0.001315 | 6 |
[
"Q:\n\nAndroid : Which method is called when fragment is pop out from backstack\n\nI have researched on stack overflow but doesn't seem to find solution.",
"\nI have one mainActivity and several frgaments, I am doing fragment transaction by \nreplace method and corresponding fragment added to backstack, but my problem is when I pop it out from back stack which callback is called I want to check something before pop it out from stack, onResume() method is not calling when I pop it from back stack\nHELP\n\nA:\n\nJust do the following:\ngetSupportFragmentManager().addOnBackStackChangedListener(new OnBackStackChangedListener()\n {\n public void onBackStackChanged() \n { \n // Your logic here \n }\n });\n\nThis callback will be called upon each change on the back stack - even when a fragment is added. ",
"If you want to know when a fragment was removed then add the following logic\nFragment someFragment = (Fragment)getSupportFragmentManager().findFragmentById(R.id.fragmentItem);\n\nif (someFragment == null) {\n // this fragment was removed from back stack\n}\n\n"
] | {
"pile_set_name": "StackExchange"
} | [
0.0009766857838258147,
0.0007931957370601594,
0.0009686890407465398
] | 0.000913 | 3 |
[
"About | Buy a book | Get the code | Blog | SCIgen\n\nProduce your own math paper, full of research-level, professionally formatted nonsense! ",
"Just enter your name and those of up to 3 \"co-authors\".",
"\n\nAuthor 1: or: generic name famous name\n\nSorry, invalid name. ",
"Try \"A. Lastname\". ",
"Only ASCII supported for now.",
"\n\nAuthor 2: or: generic name famous name\n\nSorry, invalid name. ",
"Try \"A. Lastname\". ",
"Only ASCII supported for now.",
"\n\nAuthor 3: or: generic name famous name\n\nSorry, invalid name. ",
"Try \"A. Lastname\". ",
"Only ASCII supported for now.",
"\n\nAuthor 4: or: generic name famous name\n\nSorry, invalid name. ",
"Try \"A. Lastname\". ",
"Only ASCII supported for now.",
"\n\n\n\n"
] | {
"pile_set_name": "OpenWebText2"
} | [
0.1488308161497116,
0.0006198797491379082,
0.0006976061267778277,
0.001512702670879662,
0.0008239641319960356,
0.0007084368262439966,
0.001512702670879662,
0.0008239641319960356,
0.0007149158627726138,
0.001512702670879662,
0.0008239641319960356,
0.0007154532941058278,
0.001512702670879662,
0.0008239641319960356,
0.001994825666770339
] | 0.010909 | 15 |
[
"InterestingCatholics have been liquidating many properties worldwaide wide\nto to reduction of contributions and lawsuit settlements.",
"\n\nHusker2Aurora, MN\n\nSept. 7, 2018 2:22 p.m.\n\nFrom the article: \"The Catholic Church has a more solemn feel....\"\n\nSaying the Catholic Mass is \"solemn\" can give the impression it\nis sad and depressing, which is far from the truth. ",
"It is holy, respectful, and\nreverential, but it is also a celebration of Christ's resurrection and the\nour salvation by His grace."
] | {
"pile_set_name": "Pile-CC"
} | [
0.0007341575110331178,
0.0007745421607978642,
0.0006408648914657533
] | 0.000717 | 3 |
[
"Interrelationships among evaluations of beef longissimus and semitendinosus muscle tenderness by Warner-Bratzler shear force, a descriptive-texture profile sensory panel, and a descriptive attribute sensory panel.",
"\nThe objective of our study was to examine the interrelationships among Warner-Bratzler shear force (WBSF) determinations, evaluation by a highly trained descriptive-texture-profile (DTP) sensory panel, and evaluation by a trained descriptive attribute (DA) sensory panel as affected by muscle fiber orientation of samples and shear-blade type. ",
"Longissimus lumborum and semitendinosus muscles (n = 18 of each) were cut into 2.54-cm steaks, which were cooked to 71 degrees C. Cores were obtained with two methods (parallel to the muscle fiber orientation and perpendicular to the cut steak surface), used for WBSF determinations with the typical V-shaped blade and modified WBSF determinations with a flat blade, and presented to the DTP and DA sensory panels. ",
"The V-shaped blade resulted in 1.4 to 2.5 kg lower (P < .05) mean WBSF values than the flat blade for both muscles. ",
"Cores taken parallel to the longissimus muscle fiber orientation had .64 kg higher (P < .05) mean WBSF values than cores taken perpendicular to the cut steak surface. ",
"Both panels detected differences among carcass replications; however, a panelist x replication effect (P < .05) occurred for the DA panel. ",
"Both panels detected differences (P < .05) in muscle fiber orientation for attributes related to tenderness. ",
"Correlations between sensory panel scores and WBSF values were dependent on blade type and coring method. ",
"Blade type and coring method had greater effects on correlations between sensory scores and WBSF values for the DTP panel than for the DA panel. ",
"Correlations between scores by both sensory panels and WBSF values were comparable. ",
"The more highly trained DTP panelists were more consistent in their evaluations of texture attributes; however, they were more sensitive to muscle fiber orientation. ",
"Both panels were effective in detecting differences among carcass replications."
] | {
"pile_set_name": "PubMed Abstracts"
} | [
0.0007539762300439179,
0.0005794150638394058,
0.0006972545525059104,
0.0006496425485238433,
0.0006153337308205664,
0.0007727682823315263,
0.0005856655188836157,
0.0005710560362786055,
0.0005907689919695258,
0.0005533350631594658,
0.0006486254278570414,
0.0009515392011962831
] | 0.000664 | 12 |
[
"The Ras gene is found activated in many human cancers, including colorectal carcinoma, exocrine pancreatic carcinoma, and myeloid leukemias. ",
"Biological and biochemical studies of Ras action indicate that Ras functions like a G-regulatory protein, since Ras must be localized in the plasma membrane and must bind with GTP in order to transform cells (Gibbs, J. et al., ",
"Microbial. ",
"Rev. 53:171-286 (1989). ",
"Forms of Ras in cancer cells have mutations that distinguish the protein from Ras in normal cells.",
"\nAt least 3 post-translational modifications are involved with Ras membrane localization, and all 3 modifications occur at the C-terminus of Ras. ",
"The Ras C-terminus contains a sequence motif termed a \"CAAX\" or \"Cys-Aaa.sup.1 -Aaa.sup.2 -Xaa\" box (Aaa is an aliphatic amino acid, the Xaa is any amino acid) (Willumsen et al., ",
"Nature 310:583-586 (1984)). ",
"Other proteins having this motif include the Ras-related GTP-binding proteins such as Rho, fungal mating factors, the nuclear lamins, and the gamma subunit of transducin.",
"\nFarnesylation of Ras by the isoprenoid farnesyl pyrophosphate (FPP) occurs in vivo on Cys to form a thioether linkage (Hancock et al., ",
"Cell 57:1167 (1989); Casey et al., ",
"Proc. ",
"Nail. ",
"Acad. ",
"Sci. ",
"U.S.A. 86:8323 (1989)). ",
"In addition, Ha-Ras and N-Ras are palmitoylated via formation of a thioester on a Cys residue near a C-terminal Cys farnesyl acceptor (Gutierrez et al., ",
"EMBO J. 8:1093-1098 (1989); Hancock et al., ",
"Cell 57: 1167-1177 (1989)). ",
"Ki-Ras lacks the palmitate acceptor Cys. ",
"The last 3 amino acids at the Ras C-terminal end are removed proteolytically, and methyl esterification occurs at the new C-terminus (Hancock et al., ",
"ibid). ",
"Fungal mating factor and mammalian nuclear lamins undergo identical modification steps (Anderegg et al., ",
"J.Biol. ",
"Chem. ",
"263:18236 (1988); Farnsworth et al., ",
"J. Biol. ",
"Chem. ",
"264:20422 (1989)).",
"\nInhibition of Ras farnesylation in vivo has been demonstrated with lovastatin (Merck & Co., Rahway, N.J.) and compactin (Hancock et al., ",
"ibid; Casey et al., ",
"ibid; Schafer et al., ",
"Science 245:379 (1989)). ",
"These drugs inhibit HMG-CoA reductase, the rate limiting enzyme for the production of polyisoprenoids and the farnesyl pyrophosphate precursor. ",
"It has been shown that a farnesyl-protein transferase using farnesyl pyrophosphate as a precursor is responsible for Ras farnesylation. (",
"Reiss et al., ",
"Cell, 62: 81-88 (1990); Schaber it al., ",
"J. Biol. ",
"Chem., ",
"265:14701-14704 (1990); Schafer et al., ",
"Science, 249: 1133-1139 (1990); Manne et al., ",
"Proc. ",
"Natl. ",
"Acad. ",
"Sci U.S.A., 87: 7541-7545 (1990)).",
"\nInhibition of farnesyl-protein transferase and, thereby, of farnesylation of the Ras protein, blocks the ability of Ras to transform normal cells to cancer cells. ",
"The compounds of the invention inhibit Ras farnesylation and, thereby, generate soluble Ras which, as indicated infra, can act as a dominant negative inhibitor of Ras function. ",
"While soluble Ras in cancer cells can become a dominant negative inhibitor, soluble Ras in normal cells would not be an inhibitor.",
"\nA cytosol-localized (no Cys-Aaa.sup.1 -Aaa.sup.2 -Xaa box membrane domain present) and activated (impaired GTPase activity, staying bound to GTP) form of Ras acts as a dominant negative Ras inhibitor of membrane-bound Ras function (Gibbs et al., ",
"Proc. ",
"Natl. ",
"Acad. ",
"Sci. ",
"U.S.A. 86:6630-6634(1989)). ",
"Cytosol-localized forms of Ras with normal GTPase activity do not act as inhibitors. ",
"Gibbs et al., ",
"ibid, showed this effect in Xenopus oocytes and in mammalian cells.",
"\nAdministration of compounds of the invention to block Ras farnesylation not only decreases the amount of Ras in the membrane but also generates a cytosolic pool of Ras. ",
"In tumor cells having activated Ras, the cytosolic pool acts as another antagonist of membrane-bound Ras function. ",
"In normal cells having normal Ras, the cytosolic pool of Ras does not act as an antagonist. ",
"In the absence of complete inhibition of farnesylation, other farnesylated proteins are able to continue with their functions.",
"\nFarnesyl-protein transferase activity may be reduced or completely inhibited by adjusting the compound dose. ",
"Reduction of farnesyl-protein transferase enzyme activity by adjusting the compound dose would be useful for avoiding possible undesirable side effects such as interference with other metabolic processes which utilize the enzyme.",
"\nThese compounds and their analogs are inhibitors of farnesyl-protein transferase. ",
"Farnesyl-protein transferase utilizes farnesyl pyrophosphate to covalently modify the Cys thiol group of the Ras CAAX box with a farnesyl group. ",
"Inhibition of farnesyl pyrophosphate biosynthesis by inhibiting HMG-CoA reductase blocks Ras membrane localization in vivo and inhibits Ras function. ",
"Inhibition of farnesyl-protein transferase is more specific and is attended by fewer side effects than is the case for a general inhibitor of isoprene biosynthesis.",
"\nPreviously, it has been demonstrated that tetrapeptides with the CAAX sequence inhibit Ras farnesylation (Schaber et al., ",
"ibid; Reiss et. ",
"al., ",
"ibid; Reiss et al., ",
"PNAS, 88:732-736 (1991)). ",
"However, the reported inhibitors of farnesyl-transferase are metabolically unstable or inactive in cells.",
"\nIt has further been reported in the art that a structure of a new citraconic anhydride derivative from Piptoporus australiensis has been established by spectroscopic and chemical methods as 3-[(7Z)-hexadecenyl]-4-methylfuran-2,5-dione (M. Gill, Phytochemistry, 21: 1786-1788 (1982).",
"\nIt is, therefore, an object of this invention to develop pharmaceutical compounds and compositions and methods utilizing the compounds of this invention to inhibit farnesyl-protein transferase and farnesylation of the oncogene protein Ras."
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[
"Mauro Albertengo\n\nMauro Albertengo (born 4 January 1990) is an Argentine professional footballer who plays as a forward for Primera B Nacional side Club Agropecuario Argentino.",
"\n\nCareer\nMauro Albertengo, like brother Lucas, began in the youth teams of Atlético de Rafaela, he was with Rafaela for nine years before leaving to join San Isidro in 2011. ",
"Spells at Brown San Vicente, Argentino de Quilmes and San Jorge then followed between 2012 and 2016. ",
"In February 2016, Albertengo rejoined Argentine Primera División club Atlético de Rafaela and made his senior debut for Rafaela in a 2016 league defeat to San Martín on 3 March. ",
"In the following season, 2016–17, Albertengo scored his first goal for the club in a win over the aforementioned San Martín on 29 November. ",
"The season ended in relegation for Rafaela.",
"\n\nPersonal life\nHe is the brother of fellow footballer Lucas Albertengo.",
"\n\nCareer statistics\n.",
"\n\nReferences\n\nExternal links\n\nCategory:1990 births\nCategory:Living people\nCategory:People from Castellanos Department\nCategory:Argentine footballers\nCategory:Association football forwards\nCategory:Argentine Primera División players\nCategory:Primera B Nacional players\nCategory:Atlético de Rafaela footballers\nCategory:Club Agropecuario Argentino players"
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[
"A rare Turkish hawk guides Leonardo to Al-Rahim, who tells him to embark in a ship called the Basilisk, which he will be able to guide to the place the Book of Leaves is hidden using Cosimo's hidden astrolabe. ",
"He tells Leonardo that his choice is to embark and triumph or not do it and fail. ",
"Meanwhile, in Florence, Giuliano is late for his wedding after being missing for several days and Lorenzo orders Dragonetti to find him. ",
"Francesco Pazzi wants to kill Lorenzo already, but Riario does not want to make him a martyr. ",
"Vanessa discovers she's pregnant with Giuliano's child while he wakes up after being saved by a poor man. ",
"With his master's help, Leonardo discovers the secrets of Cosimo's tomb and retrieves the hidden astrolabe."
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[
"\n840 P.2d 683 (1992)\n314 Or. ",
"496\nIn the Matter of the MARRIAGE OF Daniel B. FROMDAHL, Respondent on Review, and\nHeather R. Fromdahl, Petitioner on Review.",
"\nCC DO89-1378; CA A65526; SC S37960.",
"\nSupreme Court of Oregon, In Banc.",
"\nArgued and Submitted August 28, 1991.",
"\nDecided October 29, 1992.",
"\n*684 Suanne Lovendahl, Oregon Legal Services Corp., Roseburg, filed the petition and argued the cause for petitioner on review.",
"\nInge D. White, Roseburg, filed the response and argued the cause for respondent on review. ",
"With her on the response were Dan W. Clark, and Dole, Coalwell & Clark, P.C., Roseburg.",
"\nVAN HOOMISSEN, Justice.",
"\nThe underlying issue in this dissolution case concerns the custody of the parties' children. ",
"Father sought custody on the ground that mother suffered from a mental illness that caused her to believe that the children had been sexually abused, and that when she was under the influence of this delusion her functioning as a parent was impaired. ",
"The trial court excluded certain evidence proffered by mother to show that her perception that the children had been abused and her responses thereto were rational and appropriate. ",
"The trial court awarded custody to father. ",
"The Court of Appeals affirmed without opinion. ",
"Fromdahl and Fromdahl, 105 Or.",
"App. ",
"636, 805 P.2d 759 (1991). ",
"We conclude that the trial court erred in excluding certain evidence proffered by mother. ",
"Because the court excluded evidence that was relevant to the issue of custody, we reverse and remand for further proceedings.",
"\nThe parties were married in 1973. ",
"They have two children, Olivia, born in 1979, and Andrew, born in 1983. ",
"During the marriage, mother worked outside the home part-time, filled the role of homemaker, and was the children's primary caretaker.",
"\nIn October 1987, mother told father that she believed that Andrew had been sexually abused by a neighbor child. ",
"Her belief was based primarily on what Andrew had told her. ",
"Mother and father spoke to the neighbor child's parents twice about the matter. ",
"About the same time, Andrew told father that \"the neighbors across the street\" had abused him. ",
"A few days later, mother told father that Andrew had accused father of sexually abusing him. ",
"Mother took Andrew to the hospital to be examined. ",
"The findings of the doctors who *685 examined Andrew for objective physical evidence of abuse were inconclusive.",
"\nIn November 1987, mother told father that she had been raped in her own home and that she was afraid to go to his mother's home, because she would be raped there as well. ",
"Mother also told father that the children were being abused by his mother, that she believed that Andrew had been abused by the principal of the local school, and that she had \"suspicions\" about the family pediatrician. ",
"Father took mother to the hospital, where she spent the night in a psychiatric ward.[1] She returned home the next day and took medication for several days, after which, with father's concurrence, she discontinued the medication. ",
"In December 1987, based on mother's allegations that father had \"abused the children and also had allowed them to be abused by others,\" father was served with a restraining order ordering him out of the family home.",
"\nIn January 1988, father and the parties' pastor initiated involuntary mental commitment proceedings against mother. ",
"Dr. Middlekauff, mother's examining psychiatrist at the commitment proceeding, diagnosed her condition as schizophreniform disorder,[2] characterized by a loss of touch with reality. ",
"On January 6, mother was involuntarily committed to the Mental Health Division and was placed at Dammasch State Hospital, where she remained until February 18. ",
"Mother's condition on discharge from Dammasch was diagnosed as: \"[R]eactive delusional disorder (mild) with paranoid features.\" ",
"The professionals who examined mother all agreed that the trauma of her children's allegations of sexual abuse had precipitated her illness. ",
"Dr. Carey, a psychologist who evaluated mother at Dammasch, recommended that \"care should be taken to carefully and professionally evaluate the children's allegations of sexual abuse.\" ",
"Thereafter, the family reunited, participated in counseling with Doug Eckstein, a county mental health counselor who works with Dr. Middlekauff, and participated in private counseling.",
"\nIn March 1988, at the request of Detective Shelander, who was investigating the complaint that Andrew had been sexually abused, father took a polygraph examination. ",
"The polygraph examiner concluded:\n\"There were consistent deceptive responses to the * * * relevant questions that were sufficient enough to draw a conclusive opinion as to [father's] deceptiveness to those relevant questions.\"",
"\nLater in March 1988, at Eckstein's request, Marilyn Gregory, a Children's Services Division (CSD) child and adolescent treatment specialist, saw the children. ",
"In her report, Gregory concluded:\n\"[I]n light of Andrew's drawing and statements, it's clear that he has been sexually abused, I suspect both by his father as well as two neighborhood children. ",
"He identified the two neighborhood children * * *. ",
"This information, in addition to [Andrew's] previous statement, as well as his father failing the polygraph, lead me to believe with no question that his father is or has been sexually abusing him * * *.\"",
"\nGregory further concluded:\n\"Andrew seems quite clear in his statement about what happened to him. ",
"Olivia appears much more frightened and confused. ",
"In my opinion, with [father's] having flunked the polygraph, it's highly likely that the children have been sexually abused by their father as well as perhaps by those other neighborhood children. ",
"I'm also concerned as to [mother's] ability to protect the children at this *686 point as she is staunchly supporting her husband at this point and is only just recently recovering from a psychotic break and seems to be quite fragile.\"",
"\nMother talked to Gregory about her interviews with the children, and the information in Gregory's report was known to mother as well.",
"\nOver the course of the next year, the parents attempted to stabilize their relationship with the assistance of a private counselor, and friends from their church. ",
"In March 1989, mother's belief that the children had been sexually abused in the past resurfaced, although she did not contend that the abuse was continuing.[3] Mother again began accusing father of having sexually abused the children. ",
"Father identified March 1989 as being the time that mother's \"psychotic incidents\" resumed. ",
"About that time, mother contacted Detective Shelander. ",
"He told her that he was not surprised to see her again and that, although he personally believed that father was sexually abusive, there was nothing that he could do about it. ",
"The family resumed private counseling.",
"\nThe counselor that the parties were seeing had obtained as many records as he could about the investigation of Andrew's complaints that his father had sexually abused him. ",
"These included a report of the polygraph examination that father had taken in March 1988. ",
"In April 1989, during counseling, mother first saw the polygraph examiner's report. ",
"In May, the counselor, together with a pastor and his wife who had provided marital counseling to the parties, confronted father about the alleged abuse. ",
"He denied misconduct. ",
"By agreement, the children were scheduled to be examined by a physician. ",
"Because of Andrew's statements during the examination, the physician referred the case to CSD for investigation, but no charges were brought. ",
"The situation at home became increasingly difficult.",
"\nIn June 1989, mother contacted a lawyer, who could not see her until mid-August, but referred her and the children to a local shelter for victims of domestic violence. ",
"Before taking the children to the shelter, mother made an unsuccessful attempt to obtain assistance from Legal Aid. ",
"Mother and the children stayed at the shelter for three days and then returned home.[4]\nOn July 21, 1989, without notice to father, mother took the children to Tennessee,[5] where she obtained an order from a Tennessee juvenile court giving her temporary custody of the children. ",
"The same day, the children were examined by a doctor and met with a psychiatrist. ",
"Those examinations did not confirm mother's suspicions. ",
"Several weeks passed before father was able to locate mother and the children. ",
"Given the conflict between father's allegation that mother was mentally unstable and her allegation that father had abused the children, the Tennessee juvenile court placed the children in the temporary custody of that state's Department of Human Services.",
"\nIn October 1989, while the children were in Tennessee, father was given temporary custody of the children by an Oregon court. ",
"Later that month, the Tennessee juvenile court relinquished jurisdiction over the children and directed that they be returned to Oregon.[6] Also in October 1989, father petitioned in Oregon for dissolution of the marriage, seeking permanent custody of the *687 children subject to supervised visitation by mother. ",
"He also asked for temporary custody of the children, alleging that mother was \"not mentally stable\" and had taken the children to Tennessee. ",
"A few days later, he sought an immediate temporary custody order and asked the Oregon court to assume and exercise jurisdiction under the Uniform Child Custody Jurisdiction Act, ORS 109.730 et seq. ",
"After a hearing, the Oregon court assumed jurisdiction and awarded father temporary custody of the children. ",
"Since October 1989, the children have resided with father in the family home. ",
"Mother has had supervised visitation.",
"\nAt trial in May 1990, mother testified that she provided \"about ninety-eight percent of the child care to the children.\" ",
"Father testified that mother was the children's primary caretaker, her relationship with the children was good, and \"she was a very nurturing mother.\" ",
"He expressed satisfaction with his family life until October 1987.",
"\nThe custody issue focused on whether mother's perceptions about the sexual abuse of the children and her responses thereto were rational or delusional. ",
"Father argued that mother's belief that he had sexually abused the children was the result of her mental illness and that her resulting conduct was contrary to the best interests of the children. ",
"He testified, \"I do not say that [the children] have never been abused. ",
"I do say that they have never been abused by me or by any of the people that have been accused formally or informally by my wife.\" ",
"Father suggested that none of the statements about sexual abuse of the children on which mother relied were, in fact, made to her; that she only thought that they were made to her because of her delusional state. ",
"Mother argued that, in view of the information available to her, her perceptions and responses were rational and reasonably calculated to protect her children and to promote their best interests. ",
"Mother offered evidence of statements about the sexual abuse of the children made to her by the children and by others to show that her belief that the children were being sexually abused by father and that they were in danger was rational, and that, under the circumstances as she believed them to be, her responses to that belief were appropriate.[7] The children did not testify.",
"\nEckstein, who had ten years of counseling experience working with sex offenders and the victims of sexual abuse, opined without objection that father had sexually abused the children. ",
"In Eckstein's opinion, \"the abuse [of the children] had occurred and the family had closed ranks afterwards.\" ",
"In forming his opinion, Eckstein relied, in part, on Gregory's report, which reached essentially the same conclusion.[8] Mother was aware that Andrew had reported to Gregory in March 1988 that his father had sexually abused him.",
"\nIn an effort to show that, based on the information available to her, her perceptions and responses thereto were rational and appropriate, mother offered the polygraph examiner's report and her testimony about her knowledge of the report's conclusion. ",
"Father objected, arguing (1) that polygraph evidence is never admissible in a civil trial in Oregon, citing State v. Brown, 297 Or. ",
"404, 687 P.2d 751 (1984), and State v. Lyon, 304 Or. ",
"221, 744 P.2d 231 (1987); and (2) that mother's testimony about her knowledge of the report's conclusion likewise was inadmissible under Brown and Lyon.[9] \"[P]olygraph evidence which is *688 not hearsay is still inadmissible,\" father argues.",
"\nMother's lawyer explained at trial why she thought that the evidence was admissible:\n\"It's true that polygraph exams are inadmissible for purposes of proving the truth of the matter asserted therein. ",
"The entire matter in this case is whether [mother's] behavior was unreasonable in terms of her flight, whether she acted in the best interests of the children. ",
"From that standpoint the information that was available to her that caused her to believe that the children were in danger is crucial to her state of mind and so we're proposing that it is pertinent and admissible as nonhearsay for purposes of showing the information that caused her to act and behave in the way she did.",
"\n\n\"* * * * *\n\"[I]t's not hearsay and it's not being used as proof of the matter asserted.[10] It's only being used to show the state of mind of [mother] so I felt that it was information that she acted on as any statement that she would have gotten just as state of mind. ",
"It's not being introduced as substantive evidence and we have no intention of trying to prove that he's guilty of child abuse; that's not our point. ",
"We're trying to prove that she acted reasonably given the information that she had and that information would affect her behavior and I think that it's essential that that be allowed to be considered by the Court for its effect on her because it was a key piece of information in terms of how she acted.\" (",
"Emphasis added.)",
"\nThe trial court sustained father's objection based on \"the cases that exclude polygraph [evidence].\"",
"\nNext, mother offered her testimony about statements made to her by the children and by Detective Shelander about sexual abuse by father and her testimony about her knowledge that Andrew had repeated his complaint about sexual abuse by father to other professionals who had investigated the matter. ",
"The trial court sustained father's objection to that evidence based on hearsay grounds. ",
"The trial court also sustained father's objection to Gregory's report on hearsay grounds. ",
"Thus, all of mother's trial testimony and documentation about the information that she argues caused her to believe that the children were being sexually abused by father and that motivated her to act as she did was excluded. ",
"The evidence was preserved in the record by an offer of proof. ",
"OEC 103(1)(b).",
"\nAt the conclusion of the trial, the court made the following findings:\n\"The parties are contesting all issues in this dissolution. ",
"The central issue, however, is custody of the children. ",
"Although the parties have not litigated the issue of sexual abuse of the children, the issue focused upon whether [mother's] reactions were rational and reasonable. ",
"Neither party called the children as witnesses. ",
"The evidence provided to the Court does not prove the existence of sexual abuse by any person by a preponderance of the evidence. ",
"Therefore, the court must set aside that issue.",
"\n\"In judging what is in the best interests of the children, the Court must conclude that custody should be awarded to [father]. [",
"He] is the most stable parent. ",
"There are several factors considered by the Court in making this decision. [",
"Father] has remained in steady employment. ",
"He has the children in the family home. ",
"He has demonstrated commitment to the children. ",
"The emotional and financial drain caused by [mother's] mental *689 illness and her removal of the children from the State has demonstrated the need for a stable, nurturing environment. ",
"The court finds Dr. Middlekauff's diagnosis credible. [",
"Mother] was delusional. * * * ",
"The diagnosis and the transient lifestyle [mother] has experienced since July 1989 demonstrates [mother] has not recovered mental stability * * *.\"",
"\nAccordingly, the court awarded custody of the children to father. ",
"On mother's appeal, the Court of Appeals affirmed without opinion. ",
"Fromdahl and Fromdahl, supra.",
"\nMother first contends that the trial court erred in sustaining father's objection to the polygraph report and to her testimony about her knowledge of the report's conclusion. ",
"She argues that the evidence is not hearsay, because it was offered not to prove the truth of the matter asserted, i.e., that father has sexually abused the children but, rather, to show its effect on her state of mind and to explain why she acted as she did. ",
"Mother further argues that State v. Brown, supra, and State v. Lyon, supra, cannot fairly be read to bar admission of this evidence for the purpose that it was offered here.",
"\nIn State v. Brown, supra, this court considered whether unstipulated polygraph evidence should be admitted in a jury trial \"to prove the truth of the matter asserted,\" i.e., whether the subject of a polygraph test was deceptive. ",
"The court concluded that \"under proper conditions polygraph evidence may possess some probative value and may, in some cases, be helpful to the trier of fact.\" ",
"State v. Brown, supra, 297 Or. ",
"at 438, 687 P.2d 751. ",
"The court concluded, however, that such evidence nevertheless should be excluded under OEC 403. ",
"Id. at 442, 687 P.2d 751.[11] Moreover, the court stated:\n\"OEC 608(2)[12] expressly prohibits the admission of evidence of specific instances of conduct of a witness [other than certain convictions of crime[13]] for the purpose of attacking or supporting the credibility of the witness. ",
"If, as in this case, a witness has passed a polygraph examination, the polygraph result constitutes a specific instance of conduct of the witness being offered for the purpose of supporting the credibility of the witness. ",
"Such extrinsic evidence is inadmissible under OEC 608(2).\" ",
"297 Or. ",
"at 443, 687 P.2d 751.",
"\n*690 In State v. Lyon, supra, 304 Or. ",
"at 233-34, 744 P.2d 231 this court refused to admit polygraph evidence in a jury trial, even though the admissibility of the evidence had been stipulated to by the parties, and broadly stated in dictum \"that polygraph evidence is inadmissible for any purpose in any legal proceeding subject to the rules of evidence under the Oregon Evidence Code. * * *\"",
"\nNeither Brown nor Lyon presented the question we address in this case, i.e., whether polygraph evidence may be introduced to show its effect on a person's state of mind. ",
"Both cases presented the separate (and more limited) question whether polygraph evidence may be admitted in a jury trial to prove the truth of the matter asserted. ",
"State v. Brown, supra, 297 Or. ",
"at 407, 687 P.2d 751; State v. Lyon, supra, 304 Or. ",
"at 224, 744 P.2d 231. ",
"Indeed, mother argues that this court's reasons for the exclusion of polygraph evidence in Brown and Lyon compel the admission of her polygraph evidence here, where the issue for adjudication is her state of mind and the effect of the evidence on her. ",
"She argues:\n\"If the aura of reliability of polygraph tests is so prejudicial that a jury cannot be trusted to give them overriding weight, then depriving mother accused of acting on delusions of the opportunity to introduce and testify concerning a polygraph examination that contributed to her belief that her husband had sexually abused her children makes a mockery of justice.\"",
"\nIn this case, father introduced evidence of mother's conduct that he argued was the product of her mental illness and was contrary to the children's best interests. ",
"He relied primarily on that evidence as grounds for an award of custody to him. ",
"Mother offered the polygraph examiner's report and testimony about her knowledge of its conclusions to show its effect on her state of mind and to support her argument that, in view of the evidence available to her, her perceptions and responses thereto were rational and appropriate.",
"\nNotwithstanding this court's holding in Brown and our broad dictum in Lyon, after reviewing the factors that led to this court's reasons for the exclusion of polygraph evidence in Brown and Lyon, and considering the context in which this case developed and the reason for which mother offered the polygraph evidence, we conclude that the trial court erred in sustaining father's objection to the polygraph report and mother's testimony about her knowledge of the report's conclusion on the ground that, without exception, polygraph evidence is never admissible in an Oregon court.[14] Given the particular purpose for and the narrow context in which it was offered, mother's evidence was admissible.",
"\nMother next contends that the trial court erred in sustaining father's objection on hearsay grounds to her testimony about statements made to her by the children and by Detective Shelander. ",
"She argues that her testimony about those statements was not hearsay, because it was not offered to prove the truth of the matter asserted, but as circumstantial evidence of her state of mind and to explain why she acted as she did. ",
"Offered for that purpose, the evidence was not hearsay, OEC 801(3), and the trial court erred in excluding it.",
"\nMother also contends that the trial court erred in sustaining father's objection on hearsay grounds to Gregory's report. ",
"She argues that Gregory's report was not hearsay, because it was not offered to prove the truth of the matter asserted, but as circumstantial evidence of her state of mind, that is, to explain why she acted as she did. ",
"Mother also offered the report to corroborate her assertion that, in fact, she had heard from Gregory about the children's complaints and that she was aware of Gregory's conclusions. ",
"As noted above, father suggested that the statements that mother testified she had heard *691 about his having sexually abused the children really were \"what Mother believed that she [had] heard,\" i.e., that she only imagined such statements were made to her by others.[15] The trial court at first admitted the report under OEC 703,[16] but later excluded it \"because it contained hearsay.\"",
"\nMother did not offer Gregory's report as opinion testimony to prove the truth of the matter asserted. ",
"Rather, she offered it as relevant circumstantial evidence of the report's effect on her, that is, to explain why she acted as she did. ",
"Offered for that purpose, the evidence was not hearsay, OEC 801(3), and the trial court erred excluding it.",
"\nIn summary, we hold that the trial court erred in sustaining father's objections to the polygraph examiner's report and mother's testimony about her knowledge of the report's conclusion, in sustaining father's objection on hearsay grounds to mother's testimony about statements made to her by the children and by Detective Shelander, and in sustaining father's objection on hearsay grounds to Gregory's report.",
"\nFinally, we turn to the question of the disposition of this case. ",
"The issue here is custody. ",
"Mother argues that the trial court erred as a matter of law in excluding her proffered evidence and that the court's erroneous rulings were prejudicial to her, because the court thereby deprived her of any meaningful way to explain why she acted as she did and to rebut father's argument that he should be awarded custody because she was mentally unstable and was not acting in the children's best interests. ",
"She asks this court on de novo review to award custody of the children to her. ",
"Father argues that, even if the excluded evidence is considered by this court on de novo review, rather than remand this case for the trial court to consider additional evidence, this court should defer to the trial court and award custody to him, because the trial court had the opportunity to observe the witnesses. ",
"See Smith and Smith, 290 Or. ",
"567, 572, 624 P.2d 114 (1981) (the decision of the trial court on the issue of what is in the best interests of the child is highly persuasive).",
"\nBecause of the trial court's heavy reliance on mother's instability and father's comparative stability as the basis for its custody decision, when custody was the very issue to which mother's excluded evidence was relevant, we conclude that this case must be remanded to the trial court for a reexamination of the custody issue in the light of the whole record, including mother's evidence that the court erroneously excluded. ",
"We express no opinion about how the trial court should decide the custody and related issues of visitation and child support on remand.",
"\nThe decision of the Court of Appeals is reversed. ",
"The judgment of the circuit court is reversed. ",
"The case is remanded to the circuit court for further proceedings.",
"\nNOTES\n[1] At trial, father testified that he initially considered taking mother to a motel to get some rest but that, because the cost would be paid by his medical insurance, he decided to take her to the hospital. ",
"He professed surprise that she was placed in a psychiatric ward. ",
"It is not clear from the record whether mother was in the psychiatric ward because the hospital staff thought she belonged there, or because the only empty bed in the hospital that night was in that ward.",
"\n[2] \"The essential features of this disorder are identical with those of schizophrenia, with the exception that the duration, including prodromal, active, and residual phases, is less than six months.\" ",
"Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders 295.40 (3rd ed rev 1987).",
"\n[3] The record is not clear as to what caused mother's belief to resurface at this time. ",
"The trial court sustained father's objection to the admissibility of the information that caused mother's belief to resurface. ",
"Mother did not specifically challenge that ruling on appeal.",
"\n[4] Mother asserted in an October 25, 1989, affidavit that, in July 1989,\n\n\"[father] abruptly informed me that neither he nor the children would undergo any further counseling and threatened that if I or the children persisted in the allegations against him, he would see that I was separated from the children.\"",
"\n[5] Father does not argue that mother violated any Oregon law in taking the children to Tennessee. ",
"See ORS 163.215 et seq. (",
"kidnapping and custodial interference).",
"\n[6] The Tennessee juvenile court found that it had emergency protective jurisdiction only and concluded that Oregon was the proper jurisdiction to consider the custody issue pursuant to the Uniform Child Custody Jurisdiction Act.",
"\n[7] Father recognizes the nature of mother's argument and the evidence that she offered to support it. ",
"In his response to mother's petition for review, father acknowledges that\n\n\"mother argued at trial that her entire course of conduct was attributable to the fact that her children had been abused, and no one would pay the proper attention to her allegations.\"",
"\n[8] Eckstein testified that the information that he relied on to evaluate allegations of sexual abuse within a family included statements of family members, information from police agencies and CSD, evaluations by therapists, and polygraph examination results.",
"\n[9] Father did not argue specifically at trial that the court should exclude the evidence under OEC 403 (relevant evidence may be excluded if its probative value is substantially outweighed by the danger of unfair prejudice). ",
"See State v. Mayfield, 302 Or. ",
"631, 641, 644-47, 733 P.2d 438 (1987) (relevant non-hearsay evidence may be excluded under the OEC 403 relevancy balancing test); Sheedy v. Stall, 255 Or. ",
"594, 597, 468 P.2d 529 (1970) (pre-OEC) (where the out-of-court statement has relevancy both as evidence that the statement was made and also as evidence of the fact asserted in the statement, this does not render the statement inadmissible, but limits the use to which the statement can be put).",
"\n[10] OEC 801(3) provides:\n\n\"`Hearsay' is a statement, other than one made by the declarant while testifying at the trial or hearing, offered in evidence to prove the truth of the matter asserted.\"",
"\n[11] OEC 403 provides:\n\n\"Although relevant, evidence may be excluded if its probative value is substantially outweighed by the danger of unfair prejudice, confusion of the issues, or misleading the jury, or by considerations of undue delay or needless presentation of cumulative evidence.\"",
"\nThe court's primary concern in State v. Brown, 297 Or. ",
"404, 439, 687 P.2d 751 (1984) was \"the degree to which the trier of fact may be overly impressed or prejudiced by a perhaps misplaced aura of reliability or validity of the evidence, thereby leading the trier of fact to abdicate its role of critical assessment.\" \"",
"Polygraph evidence,\" the court concluded, \"may well divert the trier of fact from the direct and circumstantial evidence presented in a case to a distorted valuation of the polygraph evidence. * * * ",
"By its very nature the polygraph purports to measure truthfulness and deception, the very essence of the jury's role.\" ",
"Id. at 440-41, 687 P.2d 751; see ORS 44.370 (\"Where the trial is by the jury, they are the exclusive judges of the credibility of the witness\"). ",
"See Note, Oregon's Approach to the Admissibility of Polygraph Evidence: State v. Brown, 21 Willamette L.Rev. ",
"167 (1985) (questioning the validity of many of this court's concerns in State v. Brown). ",
"We need not decide in this case whether the concerns identified by this court in State v. Brown, supra, and State v. Lyon, supra, are equally present in a case tried to the court without a jury.",
"\n[12] OEC 608(2) provides:\n\n\"Specific instances of the conduct of a witness, for the purpose of attacking or supporting the credibility of the witness, other than conviction of crime as provided in [OEC 609], may not be proved by extrinsic evidence. ",
"Further, such specific instances of conduct may not, even if probative of truthfulness or untruthfulness, be inquired into on cross-examination of the witness.\"",
"\n[13] OEC 609(1) provides:\n\n\"For the purpose of attacking the credibility of a witness, evidence that the witness has been convicted of a crime shall be admitted if elicited from the witness or established by public record, but only if the crime (a) was punishable by death or imprisonment in excess of one year under the law under which the witness was convicted, or (b) involved false statement or dishonesty.\"",
"\n[14] Father also objected to this evidence on hearsay grounds. ",
"Mother offered the evidence to show its effect on her state of mind and to explain why she acted as she did on learning about the report's conclusion. ",
"Offered for that purpose, the evidence was not hearsay. ",
"OEC 801(3). ",
"Father's hearsay objection therefore is not well taken.",
"\n[15] In his brief in the Court of Appeals, father recognizes that \"this distinction makes a critical difference in whether Mother's conduct was reasonable\" and that the testimony is probative of \"Mother's perception of reality.\"",
"\n[16] OEC 703 provides:\n\n\"The facts or data in the particular case upon which an expert bases an opinion or inference may be those perceived by or made known to the expert at or before the hearing. ",
"If of a type reasonably relied upon by experts in the particular field in forming opinions or inferences upon the subject, the facts or data need not be admissible in evidence.\"",
"\n"
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[
"Update\n\nSome happy updates to activities of Hungry Kitty:\nPhotos attached of some kitties we've recently helped.",
"\n1) Scabies infected orange boy who appeared blind when we plucked him from the street. ",
"He did need an enucliation, but his other eye is fine. ",
"He recovered from his scabies (sorry no \"after\" pic. ",
"We forgot!!). ",
"He went to Nine Lives Foundation and was adopted. ",
"He is a very sweet kitty.",
"\n\n2) The black and white kitty who was sitting forlorn on a street corner for weeks. ",
"We saw someone was putting food out, and we fed the kitty too, while we tried to see if there was an owner in the multi unit building. ",
"Nobody responded to our posts or notes, and then the kitty disappeared. ",
"It turned out a kind woman in the next building started feeding the kitty in her back yard, but could not take her in, and didn't know what do. ",
"We saw her post on Next Door. ",
"We got the kitty from her, and took her to the Vet today. ",
"She is getting spayed, vaccinated, flea treated etc. ",
"She is very sweet! ",
"We'll figure out a good place to take her for adoption.",
"\n\n3) Robin and Stella. ",
"Robin is a senior buff orange sweet boy. ",
"Robin had a hard luck life, was living at a trucking yard, which closed down. ",
"We took him, and his seven buddies, and found safe outdoor homes for all of them in pairs, which took about a year. ",
"Robin ended up being returned for various reasons, having nothing to do with him, but with the people- one person's house was sold, one person at the recent placement had major medical, and we also encountered someone who just changed their mind when they saw Robin in person with his on and off goopy eyes. ",
"He has mild herpes, which acts up when he is stressed. ",
"When he is relaxed, and when he gets to sun himself, his eyes clear up.",
"\n\nWe placed Robin and the beautiful sweet Stella, grey dilute tortie, who was wandering the streets of Oakland and found a small colony that we have been trying to close down. ",
"The neighbors are intolerant by the mechanic's shop. ",
"There are four black cats, there had been some fifteen, when we took the colony over. ",
"We trapped Stella about a month ago, got her spayed etc., ",
"and found her to be mellow, semi-feral. ",
"She is a good buddy to Robin now, and they are both caged next to each other, getting adapted in their wonderful new home- in Hayward.",
"\n\nA young couple who have always done animal rescue, who have an old rescue dog (who likes cats), wanted an older cat and a buddy, to live on their spread, and they wanted their young kids to learn about them. ",
"They had an older yard cat, who was a ringer for Stella, who died recently. ",
"4) Vinny: Vinny is a grey and white boy, we trapped in front of a bank of garages off of Foothill, in the Fruitvale. ",
"Vinny helps the homeless, and rents a garage for supplies, so we refer to the cats there as by \"Vinny's garage\". ",
"This is the first one to be named Vinny. ",
"Vinny is a sweet semi-feral cat, who was underweight when we trapped him a few weeks ago. ",
"We got him fixed, and they said he had some rotten teeth. ",
"You can see him drooling in the pic. ",
"He had the bad teeth extracted the other day, is doing very well now, eating all the mushy food we can give him. ",
"He has gained three and a half pounds since we trapped him! ",
"We'll find a good place for him. ",
"There are too many cats by that garage, and Vinny was new there. ",
"It is a hotbed of cats and we are busy TNRing all the time there."
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"Carl Hahn (disambiguation)\n\nCarl Hahn (born 1926) is the former Chairman of Volkswagen Group.",
"\n\nCarl Hahn may also refer to:\n\nCarl Hugo Hahn (1818–1895), German missionary and linguist\nCarl Wilhelm Hahn (1786–1835), German zoologist\nWilliam Hahn (born Carl Wilhelm Hahn, 1829–1887), German painter"
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"Engineers boost battery strength with small holes Published duration 15 November 2011\n\nimage caption Batteries built from the novel material mix could be fully charged from flat in 15 minutes\n\nBatteries for phones and laptops could soon recharge ten times faster and hold a charge ten times larger than current technology allows.",
"\n\nEngineers at Northwestern University in the US have changed the materials in lithium-ion batteries to boost their abilities.",
"\n\nOne change involves poking millions of minuscule holes in the battery.",
"\n\nBatteries built using the novel technique could be in the shops within five years, estimate the scientists.",
"\n\nFast movers\n\nA mobile phone battery built using the Northwestern techniques would charge from flat in 15 minutes and last a week before needing a recharge.",
"\n\nThe density and movement of lithium ions are key to the process.",
"\n\nDr Harold Kung and his team at Northwestern said they have found a way to cram more of the ions in and to speed up their movement by altering the materials used to manufacture a battery.",
"\n\nThe maximum charge has been boosted by replacing sheets of silicon with tiny clusters of the substance to increase the amount of lithium ions a battery can hold on to.",
"\n\nThe recharging speed has been accelerated using a chemical oxidation process which drills small holes - just 20-40 nanometers wide - in the atom-thick sheets of graphene that batteries are made of.",
"\n\nThis helps lithium ions move and find a place to be stored much faster.",
"\n\nThe downside is that the recharging and power gains fall off sharply after a battery has been charged about 150 times.",
"\n\n\"Even after 150 charges, which would be one year or more of operation, the battery is still five times more effective than lithium-ion batteries on the market today,\" said lead scientist Prof Harold Kung from the chemical and biological engineering department at Northwestern.",
"\n\nSo far, the work done by the team has concentrated on making improvements to anodes - where the current flows into the batteries when they are providing power.",
"\n\nThe group now plans to study the cathode - where the current flows out - to make further improvements."
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"Research integrity and conflicts of interest: the case of unethical research-misconduct charges filed by Edward Calabrese.",
"\nSpecial-interest polluters often file research-misconduct (RM) charges against scientists whose research suggests needed pollutant regulation. ",
"This article argues that U.S. RM regulations are flawed in requiring RM assessors/experts/accused, but not accusers, to reveal possible conflicts of interest (COI) that could affect RM allegations. ",
"It (1) summarizes U.S. RM regulatory history; (2) uses a case study about 2011 RM allegations, filed by chemical-industry-funded toxicologist Edward Calabrese, to illustrate problems with RM regulations; and (3) offers 4 arguments in favor of revising RM regulations so as to require RM-accuser revelation of possible COI and who funded preparation of the RM allegations."
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[
"Q:\n\nReplace backslashes with regex\n\nI have this string\nstring s = \"<textarea>\\r\\n</textarea>\";\n\nAnd I want to replace the textarea content dynamically, trying it like this:\nRegex regex = new Regex(\"(<textarea.*?>)(.*)(</textarea>)\");\nstring a = regex.",
"Replace(s, \"$1new value$3\");\n\nYet this does not procedure the output I want, which should be: <textarea>new value</textarea>. ",
"It just produces\n<textarea>\n</textarea>\n\nHow can I fix it?",
"\n\nA:\n\nUse RegexOptions.",
"SingleLine mode. ",
"Otherwise . ",
"does not match newlines.",
"\nAccording to the documentation:\n\nSingleline Specifies single-line mode. ",
"Changes the meaning of the dot\n (.) ",
"so it matches every character (instead of every character except\n \\n).",
"\n\nA:\n\n.* ",
"will stop when it encounters a \\n.",
"\nSo use RegexOptions.",
"MultiLine option.",
"\nOr just change your regex to:\n(?",
"m)(<textarea.*?>)(.*)(</textarea>)\n\n(?",
"m) is inline multiline modifier.",
"\nEdit:\nSorry It should've been RegexOptions.",
"SingleLine. ",
"I was confused since I use regex only in javascript on a large basis.",
"\n\n"
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"Friday Night Flowers\n\nThere’s Friday Night Lights or there’s Friday Night FLOWERS! ",
"I recently was invited to the home of Tammy of Firstandbloom.com for her first ever Friday Night Flowers Workshop. ",
"Tammy’s home is on a beautiful peace of property outside of Seattle, the weather was perfect and there was even a deer visitor.",
"\n\nWhen we first arrived, we were greeted with a glass of wine while we mingled and swooned over the amazing selection of local grown flowers.",
"\n\nThe food was delicious and catered by Mary Weber of Cooking with Mary. ",
"Her torellini salad and carmelized onion apps were amazing…we all went back for seconds!",
"\n\nFirst and Bloom has such a passion about what she does and the products and flowers she uses. ",
"Did you you know 80% of the flowers sold in the US are imported? ",
"I honestly had no idea…which leads to the statistic that since 1992, 58% of US flower farms have gone out of business due to low-priced imports!",
"\n\nBuying American grown flowers means you support local jobs and economy, as well as reducing our footprint on the plant by minimizing transportation practices and promoting more sustainable and environmentally sound practices.",
"\n\nNot sure where you can find American grown flowers/florists in your area?? ",
"Visit Slow Flowers. ",
"Slow Flowers is an award-winning online directory to help you find florists, studio designers, wedding and event planners, supermarket flower departments and flower farmers who are committed to using American grown flowers. ",
"Founder Debra Prinzing has created an amazing resource!",
"\n\nBloggers gotta do what bloggers gotta do 🙂\n\nThere were so many amazing flowers to choose from, and it was so fun to see what each of us gravitated towards. ",
"I went for a subtle fall-inspired palette of dusty purple with lots of greens.",
"\n\nIt seems a little intimidating at first, but honestly you just have to jump in and start creating. ",
"You will be amazed how your creation just blossoms!",
"\n\nMy sweet friend Heather of Thriftynseattle was my date for the evening! ",
"Heather immediately grabbed those gorgeous blue hydrangea and created the most amazing bright arrangement that matched her blouse!",
"\n\nMissy Palacol of Missy Palacol Photography captured this night so perfectly, and while being the most darling pregnant photog ever!",
"\n\nHello + Welcome!",
"\n\nI'm Dawn, the creator and stylist behind Party til Dawn, a lifestyle website focused on sharing inspiration for all the things that make our lives feel a little more styled, from parties, home, recipes, fashion or just yourself. ",
"Party til Dawn has been featured in Mingle Magazine, Kara's Party Ideas and We Heart Parties to name a few. ",
"In addition to being a life and style blogger, Dawn is a wife and mom to four based in Seattle."
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"Panther Moon Online Slot - Play Free\n\nPanther Moon is another recognized Online Slot from Novomatic which gives players the opportunity to win a massive prize of 900,000 coins for finding all 5 in any online casino. ",
"There are also lots of lower prizes available for players for finding other symbols like butterflies and flowers.",
"\n\nAlso available are the Wild Black Panthers which can help players win extra prizes. ",
"These could aid in triggering some instant heavy winds. ",
"The added benefit is the free games bonus which can pay out every prize at triple the value of the player’s base game.",
"\n\nPanther Moon Video Slot Symbols and Gameplay\n\nThe great news is that this free slots game is a simple game in which players of various skill-sets and budgets can enjoy playing. ",
"This is because there are spin-stakes which are suitable for any budget as a result of its diverse line-bet and line combos. ",
"The best platforms for playing this slot include desktops and laptops. ",
"This is because a bigger screen helps in portraying the beauty and appeal of the black panthers. ",
"On the downside, this slot game from Novamatic can hardly be located outside Europe.",
"\n\nThe Black Panthers are sleek and great to look at. ",
"This is the same with the amazing moonlit landscape which serves to offer you a background which is relaxing to play any slot. ",
"This means that players will always feel relaxed trying out their luck on this game of 5x3 reels which provides them with the appeal and entertainment of 9 paylines. ",
"There are also some entertaining animations like the Panthers facing the screen and roaring at the player. ",
"This is just a method of them celebrating with you when you clinch a win.",
"\n\nRegarding wins, players can clinch them even at the very first spins of reels and with Prizes going as high as 12,500 coins just for lining up poker symbols, and over 20,000 coins for finding appealing flowers and as much as 40,000 coins for locating some great looking butterflies."
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[
"Effects of maintaining touch contact on predictive and reactive balance.",
"\nLight touch contact between the body and an environmental referent reduces fluctuations of center of pressure (CoP) in quiet standing although the contact forces are insufficient to provide significant forces to stabilize standing balance. ",
"Maintenance of upright standing posture (with light touch contact) may include both predictive and reactive components. ",
"Recently Dickstein et al. (",
"2003) demonstrated that reaction to temporally unpredictable displacement of the support surface was affected by light touch raising the question whether light touch effects also occur with predictable disturbance to balance. ",
"We examined the effects of shoulder light touch on SD of CoP rate (dCoP) during balance perturbations associated with forward sway induced by pulling on (voluntary), or being pulled by (reactive), a hand-held horizontal load. ",
"Prior to perturbation, SD dCoP was lower with light touch, corresponding to previous findings. ",
"Immediately after perturbation, SD dCoP(AP) was greater with light touch in the case of voluntary pull, whereas no difference was found for reflex pull. ",
"However, in the following time course, light touch contact again resulted in a significantly lower SD dCoP and faster stabilization of SD dCoP. We conclude that shoulder light touch contact affects immediate postural responses to voluntary pull but also stabilization after voluntary and reflex perturbation. ",
"We suggest that in voluntary perturbation CoP fluctuations are differentially modulated in anterioposterior and mediolateral directions to maintain light touch, which not only provides augmented sensory feedback about body self-motion, but may act as a \"constraint\" to the postural control system when preparing postural adjustments."
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[
"Toyota raises annual forecasts on profit rise\n\nBy YURI KAGEYAMA | February 5, 2013 | 8:30 AM EST\n\nA security officer walks round a Toyota showroom in Tokyo, Tuesday, Feb. 5, 2013. ",
"Toyota Motor Corp. reported its October-December profit rose 23 percent to 99.91 billion yen ($1.09 billion), compared to the same period the previous year, as sales jumped, especially in the U.S. Toyota also raised its projections Tuesday for the fiscal year through March. (",
"AP Photo/Koji Sasahara)\n\nTOKYO (AP) — Toyota Motor Corp. raised its fiscal year profit forecast Tuesday to triple what it eked out for the disaster-struck previous year, as the world's top automaker continued on a comeback roll as sales surged, especially in the U.S.\n\nUnderlining its solid recovery, Toyota is now expecting fiscal year profit of 860 billion yen ($9.3 billion). ",
"It had initially expected a 780 billion yen ($8.5 billion) profit. ",
"It had marked a 283.5 billion yen profit through March 2012.",
"\n\nToyota also raised its sales forecast for the fiscal year through March, to 21.8 trillion yen ($237 billion), up 17 percent from the previous fiscal year.",
"\n\nToyota is also expecting a perk from a favorable exchange rate. ",
"The yen has been weakening on expectations the prime minister who took office late last year will push for inflation targets and other monetary policy designed to weaken the yen. ",
"A strong yen hurts giant exporters like Toyota by erasing the value of overseas earnings.",
"\n\nToyota gained 50 billion yen ($543 million) in operating income in October-December from the weak yen.",
"\n\nToyota's recovery tale is being repeated at other Japanese automakers, which saw production disruptions from the March 2011 tsunami and earthquake in northeastern Japan.",
"\n\nThe Japanese maker of the Prius hybrid, Camry sedan and Lexus luxury cars rose once again to the world's top automaker in global vehicle sales last calendar year, overtaking U.S. rival General Motors Co.\n\nFor the fiscal year through March 2013, Toyota is now expecting to sell 8.85 million vehicles, up from the previous forecast for 8.75 million vehicles, because of strong North American sales.",
"\n\nThe recent recovery follows difficult years for Toyota. ",
"It had a massive recall crisis from late 2009 through 2010, affecting various regions, but especially in the U.S., that resulted in millions of vehicles being recalled for braking, gas pedal, floor mat and other problems.",
"\n\nThe recall fiasco threatened to tarnish Toyota's once sterling reputation for quality. ",
"However, its popularity in the U.S. shows customers still have faith in the brand, although the company still faces lawsuits over accidents.",
"\n\nToyota has been trying to beef up quality controls, speed up response to defects and become more transparent.",
"\n\n\"We believe that our efforts have been bearing fruit and that we are finally on the road to sustainable growth,\" said senior managing officer Takahiko Ijichi. \"",
"We will continue our efforts to build ever-better cars.\"",
"\n\nBesides the U.S., Toyota's vehicle sales improved in Asia, with the exception of the ailing Japanese market.",
"\n\nToyota could end up doing even better than its forecasts, as it is counting on the dollar averaging at 81 yen for the fiscal year, while it's already at 92 yen levels in recent sessions and could rise further.",
"\n\nIn January, Toyota was among the automakers enjoying a sales recovery in the U.S., soaring 26.6 percent from the previous year behind strong numbers for the Camry and Corolla cars.",
"\n\nToyota's sales have suffered in China, where anti-Japanese sentiments flared up over a territorial dispute in recent months.",
"\n\nBut Toyota has made up for such sales losses with strong demand in other Asian nations, such as Indonesia, Vietnam and Thailand.",
"\n\n\"Toyota experienced the year of the dream come back in 2012,\"said Jesse Toprak, senior analyst at TrueCar.com.",
"\n\n\"Virtually all of the metrics by which we define an automaker's performance improved dramatically for the company after a couple years of a roller-coaster ride.\"",
"\n\nMitsubishi Motors Corp., which did not break down quarterly results, reported Tuesday that nine-month profit through December totaled 17.3 billion yen ($188 million), up 27 percent from the same period the previous fiscal year."
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[
"Rajpat Singh Doogar\n\nRajpat Singh Doogar (July 14, 1909 - 1990) was an Indian politician from West Bengal. ",
"He was a member of the Indian National Congress.",
"\n\nHe was Member of the Rajya Sabha for four terms from 1952-1972.",
"\n\nHe is survived by Shrimati Kamla Doogar and two sons.",
"\n\nReferences\n\nCategory:Rajya Sabha members from West Bengal\nCategory:1909 births\nCategory:1990 deaths"
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"Effects of Prenatal Nutrition and the Role of the Placenta in Health and Disease.",
"\nEpidemiologic studies identified the linkage between exposures to stresses, including the type and plane of nutrition in utero with development of disease in later life. ",
"Given the critical roles of the placenta in mediating transport of nutrients between the mother and fetus and regulation of maternal metabolism, recent attention has focused on the role of the placenta in mediating the effect of altered nutritional exposures on the development of disease in later life. ",
"In this chapter we describe the mechanisms of nutrient transport in the placenta, the influence of placental metabolism on this, and how placental energetics influence placental function in response to a variety of stressors. ",
"Further the recent \"recognition\" that the placenta itself has a sex which affects its function may begin to help elucidate the mechanisms underlying the well-known dimorphism in development of disease in adult life."
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[
"Q:\n\nRetrieving index position of item added to Backbone.js Collection\n\nIf I add an item to a Collection how can I find the position at which it was added? ",
"The Underscore.js documentation for add suggests the only way to achieve this is by binding to the add event.",
"\nIs there any other way?",
"\nIf not, then how can I reteive the index from my callback? ",
"I tried providing a callback of:\nfoo:function(model, options) {\n console.log(\"foo: \" + options.index);\n},\n\nbut options.index is undefined. ",
"I bind to the event with this code:\nthis.collection.bind('add', this.foo);\n\nand add an item with this code:\nthis.collection.add(myNewItem);\n\nThe model in the collection is:\nMyModel = Backbone.Model.extend({\ndefaults : {\n key:undefined,\n myObj:undefined,\n},\n\nThe collection is:\nMyModel List = Backbone.Collection.extend({\n model: MyModel,\n\ninitialize: function() {\n this.comparator = function(aModel) {\n return aModel.get('key'); \n };\n }});\n\nI am adding the model to the collection with:\n var key = \"always_the_same\";\nvar mm = new MyModel({key:key});\nthis.collection.add(mm);\nvar index = this.collection.sortedIndex(mm , this.collection.comparator));\n\nUpdate\nThe problem is (I think), the comparator function is used for indexOf and sortedIndexOf, therefore two objects with the same key are effectively the same object as far as the comparator function is concerned. ",
"\nI had hoped* that the CID would be used to ensure the object was actually the object I'm looking for in the already sorted collection. ",
"However it seems not. ",
"I guess one possible solution is to change my comparator function to include the CID:\ninitialize: function() {\n this.comparator = function(aModel) {\n return aModel.get('key') + aModel.cid; \n };\n },\n\nThe models remain sorted according to their key value, but the following code returns the correct index position:\nthis.collection.sortedIndex(myModel, this.collection.comparator);\n\nFeels hacky :(\nCan any one offer their opinion on this?",
"\n\nA:\n\nIf you're dealing with a simple scenario of adding a model to a collection with the add method, then you only need to call the indexOf method with that model, after adding it.",
"\nvar myModel = new MyModel({some: \"data\"});\n\nvar myCollection = new MyCollection();\nmyCollection.add(myModel);\n\nvar index = myCollection.indexOf(myModel);\n\n"
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[
"Q:\n\nOpen password protected workbook using visual basic\n\nI need to open and get some information from a password protected workbook. ",
"The dialog box says \"the workbook is protected by bla bla\". ",
"One can then write the password, choose read-only or cancel and if password is inserted one can also choose ok.",
"\nIs there a way for me, when opening the workbook using visual basic commands, to automatically choose \"Read only\" in that dialog box?",
"\nThanks in advance.",
"\n\nA:\n\nThis is what Object Browser (F2) says,\nFunction Open(Filename As String, [UpdateLinks], [ReadOnly], [Format], [Password], [WriteResPassword], [IgnoreReadOnlyRecommended], [Origin], [Delimiter], [Editable], [Notify], [Converter], [AddToMru], [Local], [CorruptLoad]) As Workbook\n Member of Excel.",
"Workbooks\n\n"
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"Prognostic factors in typical postdiarrhea hemolytic-uremic syndrome.",
"\nSixty-one patients with typical postdiarrhea hemolytic-uremic syndrome were retrospectively examined to determine factors influencing the prognosis. ",
"A poorer prognosis was found in younger patients, in those with an elevated white blood cell count on admission, and in those with a prolonged duration of elevated white blood cell count, thrombocytopenia, and anuria."
] | {
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[
"Free-range chickens produce popular eggs\n\nALBANY – As the sun rises at Emmerich's Produce and Pumpkins farm, about 100 chickens exit their coop.",
"\n\nThey are free to roam the yard for the rest of daylight.",
"\n\n\"I know that I have really happy and healthy hens,\" said Terri Emmerich, who has been raising chickens for about 15 years. \"",
"And they end up producing really good eggs.\"",
"\n\nWhile standard practices in commercial U.S. egg production keep chickens caged and out of natural sunlight, free-range raised chickens have increasingly been spotlighted.",
"\n\nEmmerich and other local farmers market vendors with free-range eggs have seen their patience in raising free-range chickens pay off.",
"\n\n\"If you have eggs, you normally run out at the market,\" said Jim Degiovanni of Dancing Bears Organic Farm in St. Joseph. \"",
"You never have enough to keep up with demand. ",
"It's almost impossible to have an abundance.\"",
"\n\nStory continues below.",
"\n\nA line usually forms for Emmerich's eggs before the St. Joseph Farmers Market opens, and she also has regular customers at the Sartell and Avon farmers markets. ",
"Her eggs are never more than a month old.",
"\n\n\"When someone tries the eggs, they are usually hooked on them right away,\" Emmerich said.",
"\n\nAnd recognizing a farm-fresh egg is easy.",
"\n\n\"They have perky yolks with a nice deep color,\" said Russ Willenbring of Produce Acres in Cold Spring.",
"\n\nEmmerich said the demand for farm-fresh eggs is at its peak during late summer, when farmers markets tend to see their highest attendance.",
"\n\nHowever, the peak of supply is actually now in spring.",
"\n\n\"If you raise chickens naturally, their whole egg-laying cycle is spurred by increasing daylight hours,\" Emmerich explains. \"",
"As daylight hours increase, so does their egg production. ",
"When daylight hours start to decrease, so does their egg production.\"",
"\n\nCommercial egg producers often keep chickens in light about 12 hours a day and then darkness for about 12 hours.",
"\n\nEmmerich is currently transitioning to certified organic feed. ",
"Her chickens also feast on bugs for added protein, and garden scraps as well.",
"\n\n\"They eat anything that moves — almost,\" jokes Emmerich. \"",
"Unfortunately, they don't eat boxelder bugs or Asian beetles. ",
"But its really funny watching them chase a grasshopper.\"",
"\n\nStory continues below.",
"\n\nEmmerich's chickens often roam in the wooded areas of the property to avoid swooping hawks. ",
"They're allowed to roam everywhere but the gardens.",
"\n\nPredators have been an issue at Dancing Bears Organic Farm. ",
"And it's a concern for most free-range chicken farmers.",
"\n\n\"Since we don't confine them at all, they can go fast when a predator finds a juicy lunch,\" Degiovanni said.",
"\n\nChickens lay the majority of their eggs in the coops in the morning. ",
"Emmerich collects daily with a basket.",
"\n\nThe egg colors are determined by the chicken's breed. ",
"Hens also naturally leave a preserving antibacterial coating called a bloom or blush on the eggs.",
"\n\nBecause Emmerich also raises a pair of roosters, many of her eggs could be fertilized — something that has no impact on taste or functionality, and can only be determined by cracking the egg under a microscope.",
"\n\nTo hatch, an egg needs to be turned daily and kept in a heated, moist spot made by a hen's belly or simulated with an incubator. ",
"So once the eggs are collected, the hatching process is permanently stalled.",
"\n\nYounger hens — a chicken starts laying eggs at about 4 months old — produce a high quantity of smaller-sized eggs. ",
"Older hens produce larger eggs less frequently.",
"\n\nAnd at Emmerich's Produce and Pumpkins farm, once it reaches sundown, the chickens instinctively return to their coops.",
"\n\n\"They just go in naturally because they know it's a safe place to be,\" Emmerich said.",
"\n\nFollow Jake Laxen on Twitter @jacoblaxen.",
"\n\nMore food reading\n\n•A train game remains a draw at the Lincoln Depot Bar & Grill.",
"\n\n•Vietnamese pho soup is perfected by patience and is made over multiple days.",
"\n\n•Following old Catholic traditions, fish fry events keep Friday's busy."
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[
"May 2009 in sports\n\n\n\nDeaths in May\n\n1: Sunline\n2: Jack Kemp\n3: John Elsworthy\n5: Benjamin Flores\n7: Danny Ozark\n8: Dom DiMaggio\n9: Chuck Daly\n13: Achille Compagnoni\n14: Bob Rosburg\n15: Wayman Tisdale\n29: Karine Ruby\n\nCurrent sporting seasons\n\nAmerican football 2009 \nNFL\nNCAA Division I FBS\n\nAustralian rules football 2009\n\nAustralian Football League\n\nAuto racing 2009\n\nFormula One\nSprint Cup\nIRL IndyCar Series\nFormula Two\nNationwide Series\nCamping World Truck Series\nGP2\nWTTC\nV8 Supercar\nAmerican Le Mans\nLe Mans Series\nRolex Sports Car Series\nFIA GT Championship\nFormula Three\nWorld Series by Renault\nDeutsche Tourenwagen Masters\nSuper GT\n\nBaseball 2009\n\nMajor League Baseball\nNippon Professional Baseball\n\nBasketball 2009\n\nAmerican competitions:\nNBA Playoffs\n\nGreece – Playoffs\n\nItaly – Playoffs\nPhilippines\nFiesta Conference – Playoffs\nSpain – Playoffs\nTurkey – Playoffs\n\nFootball (soccer) 2009\n\nNational teams competitions\n2010 FIFA World Cup Qualifying\nInternational clubs competitions\n\nCopa Libertadores (South America)\nAFC (Asia) Champions League\nCAF (Africa) Champions League\n\nDomestic (national) competitions\nArgentina\nBrazil\n\nJapan\nNorway\nRussia\n\nMajor League Soccer (USA&Canada)\nWomen's Professional Soccer (USA)\n\nGolf 2009\n\nEuropean Tour\nPGA Tour\nLPGA Tour\nChampions Tour\n\nIce hockey 2009\n\nStanley Cup Finals\n\nLacrosse 2009\n\nMajor League Lacrosse\n\nMotorcycle racing 2009\n\nSuperbike World Championship\nSupersport racing\n\nRugby league 2009\n\nSuper League\nNRL\n\nRugby union 2009\n\nTop 14\n\nDays of the month\n\nMay 31, 2009 (Sunday)\n\nAuto racing\nSprint Cup Series:\nAutism Speaks 400 in Dover, Delaware:\n(1) Jimmie Johnson (Hendrick Motorsports) (2) Tony Stewart (Stewart Haas Racing) (3) Greg Biffle (Roush Fenway Racing)\nDrivers standings (after 13 of 26 races leading into the Chase for the Sprint Cup): (1) Stewart 1853 points (2) Jeff Gordon (Hendrick Motorsports) 1807 (3) Johnson 1789\nIndyCar Series:\nABC Supply Company A.J. Foyt 225 in West Allis, Wisconsin:\n(1) Scott Dixon (Chip Ganassi Racing) (2) Ryan Briscoe (Team Penske) (3) Dario Franchitti (Chip Ganassi Racing)\nStandings (after 5 of 17 races): (1) Dixon 161 points (2) Briscoe & Franchitti 157\nWorld Touring Car Championship:\nRace of Spain in Valencia:\nRace 1: (1) Yvan Muller (SEAT León 2.0 TDI) (2) Tiago Monteiro (SEAT León 2.0 TDI) (3) Gabriele Tarquini (SEAT León 2.0 TDI)\nRace 2: (1) Augusto Farfus (BMW 320si) (2) Jörg Müller (BMW 320si) (3) Tarquini\nStandings (after 10 of 24 races): (1) Yvan Muller 57 points (2) Farfus 54 (3) Tarquini 46\nDeutsche Tourenwagen Masters:\nRound 2 in Klettwitz, Germany:\n(1) Gary Paffett (Mercedes-Benz C-Class) (2) Bruno Spengler (Mercedes-Benz C-Class) (3) Mattias Ekström (Audi A4)\nStandings (after 2 of 10 races): (1) Timo Scheider (Audi A4) 12 points (2) Paffett & Tom Kristensen (Audi A4) 10\nV8 Supercars:\nFalken Tasmania Challenge in Launceston, Tasmania\nRound 8: (1) Jamie Whincup (Ford Falcon) (2) Will Davison (Holden Commodore) (3) Fabian Coulthard (Ford Falcon)\nStandings (after 8 of 26 races): (1) Whincup 1044 points (2) Davison 948 (3) Steven Johnson (Ford Falcon) 753\n\nBaseball\nMajor League Baseball\nPhiladelphia Phillies pitcher Jamie Moyer wins his 250th game when the Phils beat the Washington Nationals 4–2.",
"\nNCAA Tournament\nFlorida State defeats Ohio State 37–6, setting a record for most runs scored in an NCAA postseason game, in the final of their regional tournament in Tallahassee, Florida.",
"\n\nCycling\nGiro d'Italia:\nStage 21 (ITT): (1) Ignatas Konovalovas (Cervélo TestTeam) 18' 42\" (2) Bradley Wiggins (Garmin-Slipstream) + 1\" (3) Edvald Boasson Hagen (Team Columbia-High Road) + 7\"\nFinal general classification: Denis Menchov (Rabobank) 86h 03' 11\" Danilo Di Luca (L.P.R. Brakes-Farnese Vini) + 41\" Franco Pellizotti (Liquigas) + 1' 59\"\n\nFootball (soccer)\nEuropean domestic (national) competitions: (listed by countries' alphabetic order; league standings prior to match in parentheses; teams that win titles in bold; teams that qualify to the Champions League in italics)\n Belarusian Cup Final:\nShakhtyor Soligorsk 1–2 (ET) Naftan Novopolotsk\nNaftan win their first ever trophy, and qualify for Europa League.",
"\n Bulgarian A PFG, matchday 29 of 30:\n(1) Levski Sofia 1–1 (11) Minyor Pernik\n(5) Litex Lovech 1–0 (2) CSKA Sofia\nLevski clinch the championship for the 26th time, and qualify for the Champions League. ",
"CSKA, Cherno More Varna and Cup winners Litex qualify for Europa League.",
"\n Greek Super League Playoffs, final matchday:\n(2) AEK Athens 0–2 (1) Panathinaikos\nPanathinaikos win the playoffs and qualify for the Champions League. ",
"AEK, PAOK and Larissa qualify for Europa League.",
"\n Italian Serie A, final matchday:\n(4) Fiorentina 0–2 (2) Milan\n(3) Juventus 2–0 (10) Lazio\nFinal standings: Inter 84 points, Juventus & Milan 74, Fiorentina & Genoa 68, Roma 63.",
"\nMilan's win secures them a berth in the Champions League group stage, together with champion Inter and runner-up Juventus. ",
"Fiorentina will enter the Champions League at the play-off round. ",
"Genoa, Roma and Cup winner Lazio qualify for Europa League. ",
"Torino, Reggina and Lecce are relegated to Serie B. Paolo Maldini makes his farewell after 25 seasons and 647 matches, all in Milan.",
"\n Portuguese Cup Final in Oeiras:\nPorto 1–0 Paços de Ferreira\nLisandro López' goal in the 6th minute gives Porto the Cup for the 18th time, and completes a League and Cup double.",
"\n Romanian Liga I, matchday 33 of 34:\n(2) Dinamo București 0–2 (9) Brașov\n(3) Timişoara 1–2 (1) Unirea Urziceni\nUnirea clinch the championship for the first time and qualify for the Champions League group stage. ",
"Dinamo finish as runner up and will enter the Champions League at the 3rd qualifying round. ",
"Timişoara and CFR Cluj qualify for Europa League.",
"\n Russian Cup Final in Khimki:\nRubin Kazan 0–1 CSKA Moscow\nEvgeni Aldonin's goal in injury time gives CSKA the Russian Cup for the second successive year and 5th time in history, and denies reigning champion Kazan the double. ",
"Both teams already qualified for the Champions League group stage.",
"\n Spanish La Liga, final matchday:\n(18) Osasuna 2–1 (2) Real Madrid\n(17) Gijón 2–1 (20) Recreativo\n(16) Betis 1–1 (14) Valladolid\n(11) Santander 1–1 (15) Getafe\nBoth Osasuna and Gijón come from behind to win, meaning that Betis' draw is not enough to keep them from relegation to next season's Segunda División, along with Numancia and Recreativo.",
"\n Ukrainian Cup Final in Dnipropetrovsk:\nVorskla Poltava 1–0 Shakhtar Donetsk\nPoltava win the Cup for the first time, and qualify for Europa League.",
"\n\nGolf\nPGA Tour:\nCrowne Plaza Invitational at Colonial in Fort Worth, Texas\n Winner: Steve Stricker 263 (−17) PO\n Stricker birdies the second hole of the playoff to defeat Tim Clark and Steve Marino .",
"\nEuropean Tour:\nEuropean Open in Kent, England\n Winner: Christian Cévaër 281 (−7)\n\nIce hockey\nStanley Cup Finals: (seeding in parentheses)\nGame 2 in Detroit: (W2) Detroit Red Wings 3, (E4) Pittsburgh Penguins 1. ",
" Red Wings lead series 2–0.",
"\nPenguins centre Evgeni Malkin gets a game misconduct for instigating a fight with Henrik Zetterberg in the final minute of the game, but does not get suspended for Game 3.",
"\n\nMotorcycle racing\nMoto GP:\nItalian motorcycle Grand Prix in Mugello, Italy\n(1) Casey Stoner (2) Jorge Lorenzo (3) Valentino Rossi \nRiders' standings after 5 of 17 races: (1) Stoner 90 points (2) Lorenzo 86 (3) Rossi 81\nSuperbike World Championship:\nMiller Superbike World Championship round in Tooele, Utah, United States\nRace 1: (1) Ben Spies (2) Carlos Checa (3) Michel Fabrizio \nRace 2: (1) Spies (2) Fabrizio (3) Jonathan Rea \nRiders' standings after 7 of 14 rounds: (1) Noriyuki Haga 265 points (2) Spies 212 (3) Fabrizio 201\n\nRugby union\nMid-year test series:\n 10–27 in Santa Clara, California\nSevens World Series:\nScotland Sevens in Edinburgh:\nFinal: 19–20 \nFinal series standings: (1) 132 points (2) 102 (3) 98\n\nTennis\nFrench Open in Paris, day 8: (seeding in parentheses)\nMen's Singles, round of 16:\nRobin Söderling [23] bt Rafael Nadal [1] 6–2 6–7(2) 6–4 7–6(2)\nSöderling stops Nadal's record winning streak at the French Open at 31 matches.",
"\nAndy Murray [3] bt Marin Čilić [13] 7–5 7–6(4) 6–1\nNikolay Davydenko [10] bt Fernando Verdasco [8] 6–2, 6–2, 6–4\nFernando González [12] bt Victor Hănescu [30] 6–2, 6–4, 6–2\nWomen's Singles, round of 16:\nDinara Safina [1] bt Aravane Rezaï 6–1 6–0\nVictoria Azarenka [9] bt Ana Ivanovic [8] 6–2 6–3\nDominika Cibulková [20] bt Ágnes Szávay [29] 6–2, 6–4\nMaria Sharapova bt Li Na [25] 6–4, 0–6, 6–4\n\nMay 30, 2009 (Saturday)\n\nAuto racing\nNationwide Series:\nHeluva Good! ",
"200 in Dover, Delaware\n(1) Brad Keselowski (JR Motorsports) (2) Joey Logano (Joe Gibbs Racing) (3) Clint Bowyer (Richard Childress Racing)\nV8 Supercars:\nFalken Tasmania Challenge in Launceston, Tasmania\nRound 7: (1) Garth Tander (2) Russell Ingall (3) Steven Johnson \nStandings (after 7 of 26 races): (1) Jamie Whincup 894 points (2) Will Davison 810 (3) Johnson 702\n\nBaseball\nNCAA Tournament\nIn the longest NCAA baseball game played in terms of innings played, Texas defeats Boston College 3–2 in 25 innings at Austin, Texas. ",
"In spite of being the host team for this regional tournament, the Longhorns were the designated visiting team for the contest.",
"\n\nBasketball\nNBA Playoffs: (Seeding in parentheses)\nEastern Conference Finals:\nGame 6 in Orlando: (3) Orlando Magic 103, (1) Cleveland Cavaliers 90. ",
"Magic win series 4–2.",
"\nDwight Howard scores 40 points to lead the Magic to their first NBA Finals in 14 years. ",
"The Final series will begin in Los Angeles on June 4.",
"\n\nCricket\nICC World Twenty20 in England:\nWarm-up matches:\n 119 (19.2/20 ov); 120/5 (17.5/20 ov) in Sir Paul Getty's Ground, Wormsley. ",
"West Indies win by 5 wickets.",
"\n\nCycling\nGiro d'Italia:\nStage 20: (1) Philippe Gilbert () 4hr 30min 07sec. (",
"2) Thomas Voeckler () at 0:02 (3) Stefano Garzelli () 0:07\nGeneral classification: (1) Denis Menchov () 85hr 44min 05sec (2) Danilo Di Luca () at 0:20 (3) Franco Pellizotti () 1:43\n\nFootball (soccer)\nEuropean domestic (national) competitions: (listed by countries' alphabetic order; league standings prior to match in parentheses; teams that win titles in bold; teams that qualify to the Champions League in italics)\n Czech Gambrinus liga, final matchday:\n(1) Slavia Prague 2–2 (3) Slovan Liberec\n(4) Mladá Boleslav 0–3 (2) Sparta Prague\n(5) Sigma Olomouc 3–0 (11) Bohemians (Střížkov) Praha\nFinal standings: Slavia Prague 62 points, Sparta Prague 56, Liberec 52, Olomouc 48, Jablonec & Mladá Boleslav 46.",
"\nSparta clinch second place and qualify for the Champions League. ",
"Liberec and Olomouc clinch berths in Europa League, along with Cup winner Teplice.",
"\n FA Cup Final in London:\nChelsea 2–1 Everton\nEverton's Louis Saha scores the fastest goal in FA Cup history after 25 seconds, but Chelsea reply with goals by Didier Drogba and Frank Lampard to win the Cup for the fifth time. ",
"Chelsea had already qualified for the Champions League, and Everton were already assured of a berth in the Europa League.",
"\n French Ligue 1, final matchday:\n(17) Caen 0–1 (1) Bordeaux\n(2) Marseille 4–0 (6) Rennes\n(4) Toulouse 0–0 (3) Lyon\n(5) Paris Saint-Germain 0–0 (12) AS Monaco\n(7) Lille 3–2 (14) Nancy\nFinal standings: Bordeaux 80 points, Marseilles 77, Lyon 73, Toulouse 64 (goal difference +18), Lille 64 (GD +12), PSG 64 (+11), Rennes 61.",
"\nA goal by Yoan Gouffran in the 49th minute gives Bordeaux the championship for the sixth time, and condemns his former club Caen to relegation, along with Nantes and Le Havre. ",
"Toulouse and Lille clinch berths in Europa League, along with Cup winners Guingamp.",
"\n German Cup Final in Berlin:\nBayer Leverkusen 0–1 Werder Bremen\nMesut Özil's goal in the 58th minute gives Werder Bremen the Cup for the sixth time, and a berth in the Europa League.",
"\n Polish Ekstraklasa, final matchday:\n(1) Wisła Kraków 2–0 (6) Śląsk Wrocław\n(2) Lech Poznań 2–2 (13) Cracovia\n(3) Legia Warsaw 4–1 (9) Ruch Chorzów\n(15) Górnik Zabrze 0–1 (4) Polonia Warsaw\n(8) Jagiellonia Białystok 0–2 (5) GKS Bełchatów\nFinal standings: Wisła Kraków 64 points, Legia Warsaw 61, Lech Poznań 59, Polonia Warsaw & GKS Bełchatów 54.",
"\nWisła win the championship for the second straight year and 12th time in their history, and qualify for the Champions League. ",
"Cup winner Lech Poznań, Legia and Polonia qualify for the Europa League.",
"\n Scottish Cup Final in Glasgow:\nRangers 1–0 Falkirk\nNacho Novo's goal in the 46th minute gives Rangers the Cup for the 33rd time, and completes a League and Cup double.",
"\n Slovenian Cup Final in Maribor:\nInterblock Ljubljana 2–1 Koper\nInterblock win the Cup for the second straight year, and qualify for the Europa League.",
"\n Spanish La Liga, final matchday:\n(4) Atlético Madrid 3–0 (10) Almería\n(5) Valencia 2–0 (13) Athletic Bilbao\n(9) Mallorca 2–3 (6) Villarreal\n(7) Deportivo 1–1 (1) Barcelona\nStandings: Barcelona 87 points, Real Madrid 78, Sevilla & Atlético Madrid 67, Villarreal 65, Valencia 62, Deportivo 58.",
"\nAtlético clinch a berth in the Champions League play-off round. ",
"Villarreal and Valencia qualify for the Europa League, together with Cup finalist Bilbao.",
"\n Turkish Süper Lig, final matchday:\n(14) Denizlispor 1–2 (1) Beşiktaş\n(5) Galatasaray 2–1 (2) Sivasspor\n(3) Trabzonspor 1–2 (4) Fenerbahçe\nFinal standings: Beşiktaş 71 points, Sivasspor 66, Trabzonspor 65, Fenerbahçe & Galatasaray 61.",
"\nBeşiktaş win the championship for the 20th time, completes a League and Cup double, and qualify for the Champions League group stage. ",
"Sivasspor finish as runner-up and qualify for the Champions League for the first time in their history. ",
"Trabzonspor, Fenerbahçe & Galatasaray qualify for the Europa League.",
"\n\nIce hockey\nStanley Cup Finals: (seeding in parentheses)\nGame 1 in Detroit: (W2) Detroit Red Wings 3, (E4) Pittsburgh Penguins 1. ",
"Red Wings lead series 1–0.",
"\n\nRugby union\nMid-year test series:\n 23–32 in Toronto\n 26–33 Barbarians in London\nLions tour of South Africa:\nRoyal XV 25–37 British and Irish Lions in Rustenburg\nSuper 14 Final in Pretoria:\nBulls 61–17 Chiefs\nPacific Cup Final in Apia\nUpolu Samoa 7–19 Fiji Warriors\n The Warriors become the first Fijian team to win the competition.",
"\n2009–10 Heineken Cup qualification playoff in Calvisano, Italy:\nCalvisano 17–42 Newport Gwent Dragons\nThe Dragons run in six tries to claim the 24th and final spot in next season's top European club competition.",
"\nSevens World Series:\nScotland Sevens in Edinburgh:\n advance to the quarterfinals of the Cup competition and secure at least 8th place, thereby assuring them of the season title.",
"\n\nTennis\nFrench Open in Paris, day 7: (seeding in parentheses)\nMen's Singles, third round:\nRoger Federer [2] bt Paul-Henri Mathieu [32] 4–6, 6–1, 6–4, 6–4\nPhilipp Kohlschreiber [29] bt Novak Djokovic [4] 6–4, 6–4, 6–4\nJuan Martín del Potro [5] bt Igor Andreev [25] 6–4, 7–5, 6–4\nAndy Roddick [6] v.bt Marc Gicquel 6–1, 6–4, 6–4\nJo-Wilfried Tsonga [9] bt Christophe Rochus 6–2, 6–2, 6–2\nWomen's Singles, third round:\nSerena Williams [2] bt María José Martínez Sánchez 4–6, 6–3, 6–4\nSamantha Stosur [30] bt Elena Dementieva [4] 6–3, 4–6, 6–1\nJelena Janković [5] bt Jarmila Groth 6–1, 6–1\nSvetlana Kuznetsova [7] bt Melinda Czink 6–1, 6–3\nVictoria Azarenka [9] bt Carla Suárez Navarro [22] 5–7, 7–5, 6–2\nSorana Cîrstea bt Caroline Wozniacki [10] 7–6 (7/3), 7–5\n\nMay 29, 2009 (Friday)\n\nBaseball\nMajor League Baseball\nThe Colorado Rockies fire manager Clint Hurdle, who led the team to the 2007 World Series, and name Jim Tracy interim manager.",
"\n\nBasketball\nNBA Playoffs (seeding in parentheses):\nWestern Conference Finals:\nGame 6 in Denver: (1) Los Angeles Lakers 119, (2) Denver Nuggets 92. ",
"Lakers win series 4–2.",
"\nKobe Bryant scores 35 points to lead the Lakers to the Finals for the second straight year and a record 30th time.",
"\n\nCricket\nICC World Twenty20 in England:\nWarm-up match:\n 141/7 (20/20 ov); 142/4 (18.4/20 ov) in Sir Paul Getty's Ground, Wormsley. ",
"Bangladesh win by 6 wickets.",
"\n\nCycling\nGiro d'Italia:\nStage 19: (1) Carlos Sastre (Cervélo TestTeam) 4h 33' 23\" (2) Franco Pellizotti (Liquigas) + 21\" (3) Danilo Di Luca (L.P.R. Brakes-Farnese Vini) + 30\"\nGeneral classification: (1) Denis Menchov (Rabobank) 81h 13' 55\" (2) Di Luca + 18\" (3) Pellizotti + 1' 39\"\n\nFootball (soccer)\nThe four football associations within the United Kingdom reach an agreement that would enable the participation of UK men's and women's teams at the 2012 Summer Olympics. ",
"Under this agreement, the football associations of Scotland, Wales, and Northern Ireland will not object to The Football Association of England organising both teams using only English players. (",
"BBC)\n\nHorse racing\n Jess Jackson, owner of Preakness winner Rachel Alexandra, announces that the star filly will not run in the final leg of the U.S. Triple Crown, the Belmont Stakes. (",
"Daily Racing Form via ESPN)\n\nTennis\nFrench Open in Paris, day 6: (seeding in parentheses)\nMen's Singles, second round:\nNovak Djokovic [4] bt Sergiy Stakhovsky 6–3, 6–4, 6–1\nMen's Singles, third round:\nRafael Nadal [1] bt Lleyton Hewitt 6–1, 6–3, 6–1\nAndy Murray [3] bt Janko Tipsarević 7–6 (7/3), 6–3 – retired\nVictor Hănescu [30] bt Gilles Simon [7] 6–4, 6–4, 6–2\nFernando Verdasco [8] bt Nicolás Almagro [31] 6–2, 7–6 (7/4), 7–6 (10/8)\nNikolay Davydenko [10] bt Stanislas Wawrinka [17] 6–3, 4–6, 6–3, 6–2\nWomen's Singles, third round:\nDinara Safina [1] bt Anastasia Pavlyuchenkova [27] 6–2, 6–0\nÁgnes Szávay [29] bt Venus Williams [3] 6–0, 6–4\nAna Ivanovic [8] bt Iveta Benešová [32] 6–0, 6–2\nVictoria Azarenka [9] v. Carla Suárez Navarro [22] 5–7 7–5 (suspended)\nMaria Sharapova bt Yaroslava Shvedova 1–6, 6–3, 6–4\n\nMay 28, 2009 (Thursday)\n\nBasketball\nNBA Playoffs (seeding in parentheses):\nEastern Conference Finals:\nGame 5 in Cleveland: (1) Cleveland Cavaliers 112, (3) Orlando Magic 102. ",
"Magic lead series 3–2.",
"\nLeBron James has 37 points, 14 rebounds and 12 assists, and Mo Williams adds 24 points to keep the Cavs alive in the series. ",
"James' figures are the highest in the playoffs since Oscar Robertson in 1963.",
"\n A1 Ethniki Playoff Final:\nGame 3: Olympiacos Piraeus 74–70 Panathinaikos. ",
"Panathinaikos lead best-of-5 series 2–1.",
"\n\nCricket\nICC World Twenty20 in England:\nWarm-up matches:\n 139/9 (20/20 ov); PCA Masters XI 140/4 (19.2/20 ov) in Sir Paul Getty's Ground, Wormsley. ",
"PCA Masters XI win by 6 wickets.",
"\n 143/6 (20/20 ov); 129/9 (20/20 ov) in Sir Paul Getty's Ground, Wormsley. ",
"West Indies win by 14 runs.",
"\n 206/6 (20/20 ov); 142 (17/20 ov) in Canterbury. ",
"Bangladesh win by 64 runs.",
"\n\nCycling\nGiro d'Italia:\nStage 18: (1) Michele Scarponi (Diquigiovanni-Androni) 4h 07' 41\" (2) Félix Cárdenas (Barloworld) s.t. (",
"3) Danny Pate (Garmin-Slipstream) s.t.",
"\nGeneral classification: (1) Denis Menchov (Rabobank) 76h 40' 02\" (2) Danilo Di Luca (L.P.R. Brakes-Farnese Vini + 26\" (3) Franco Pellizotti (Liquigas) + 2' 00\"\n\nFootball (soccer)\nCopa Libertadores Quarterfinals, first leg:\nPalmeiras 1–1 Nacional\nDefensor Sporting 0–1 Estudiantes\nEuropean domestic (national) competitions: (teams that win titles in bold)\n Croatian Cup Final, second leg: (first leg result in parentheses)\nHajduk Split 3–0 (0–3) Dinamo Zagreb. ",
"Aggregate score 3–3, Dinamo win 4–3 in penalty shootout.",
"\nDinamo Zagreb win the Croatian Cup for the 10th time in their history and complete a League and Cup double for the 3rd successive year.",
"\n\nShooting\nISSF World Cup in Milan, Italy: (Qualification scores in parentheses)\nMen's 50 metre pistol: Shi Xinglong 661.6 (571) Rashid Yunusmetov 659.6 (563) Serhiy Kudriya 652.4 (558)\nMen's 50 metre rifle prone: Warren Potent 702.4 (598) Vebjørn Berg 701.7 (596) Marco De Nicolo 699.3 (597)\n\nTennis\nFrench Open in Paris, day 5: (seeding in parentheses)\nMen's Singles, second round:\nRoger Federer [2] bt José Acasuso 7–6 (10/8), 5–7, 7–6 (7/2), 6–2\nNovak Djokovic [4] vs. Sergiy Stakhovsky 6–3, 6–4 (suspended)\nJuan Martín del Potro [5] bt Viktor Troicki 6–3, 7–5, 6–0\nAndy Roddick [6] bt Ivo Minář 6–2, 6–2, 7–6 (7/2)\nJo-Wilfried Tsonga [9] bt Juan Mónaco 7–5, 2–6, 6–1, 7–6 (10/8)\nNikolay Davydenko [10] bt Diego Junqueira 4–6, 6–3, 6–0, 6–2\nWomen's Singles, second round:\nSerena Williams [2] bt Virginia Ruano Pascual 6–2, 6–0\nVenus Williams [3] bt Lucie Šafářová 6–7 (5/7), 6–2, 7–5\nElena Dementieva [4] bt Jelena Dokić 2–6, 4–3 (retired)\nJelena Janković [5] bt Magdaléna Rybáriková 6–1, 6–2\nSvetlana Kuznetsova [7] bt Galina Voskoboeva 6–0, 6–2\nCaroline Wozniacki [10] bt Jill Craybas 6–1, 6–4\n\nMay 27, 2009 (Wednesday)\n\nBasketball\nNBA Playoffs (seeding in parentheses):\nWestern Conference Finals:\nGame 5 in Los Angeles: (1) Los Angeles Lakers 103, (2) Denver Nuggets 94. ",
"Lakers lead series 3–2.",
"\nCollege basketball news:\nThe Commercial Appeal of Memphis, Tennessee reports that the NCAA has accused the University of Memphis men's basketball program of major violations during the 2007–08 season, the most serious of which involves allegations that current Chicago Bulls star Derrick Rose, who starred on that season's losing NCAA finalists, cheated on the SAT exam that qualified him to attend Memphis. (",
"ESPN)\n\nCricket\nICC World Twenty20 in England:\nWarm-up match:\n 152/5 (20/20 ov); 153/3 (17/20 ov) in Derby. ",
"New Zealand win by 7 wickets.",
"\n\nCycling\nGiro d'Italia:\nStage 17: (1) Franco Pellizotti (Liquigas) 2h 21' 06\" (2) Stefano Garzelli (Acqua & Sapone-Caffè Mokambo) + 42\" (3) Danilo Di Luca (L.P.R. Brakes-Farnese Vini + 43\"\nGeneral classification: (1) Denis Menchov (Rabobank) 72h 28' 24\" (2) Di Luca + 26\" (3) Pellizotti + 2' 00\"\n\nFootball (soccer)\nUEFA Champions League Final in Rome:\nBarcelona 2–0 Manchester United\nGoals by Samuel Eto'o and Lionel Messi give Barça their third European Cup in history, and complete a treble of trophies this season with the Spanish League and Cup. ",
"United fails to become the first team to retain the Cup since Milan in 1990.",
"\nCopa Libertadores Quarterfinals, first leg:\nCruzeiro 2–1 São Paulo\nCaracas 1–1 Grêmio\nAFC Champions League Round of 16, West Asia:\nPersepolis 0–1 Bunyodkor\nBrazilian star Rivaldo scores from the penalty spot to put Bunyodkor into the semifinals.",
"\nAl-Ettifaq 1–2 Pakhtakor Tashkent\nAlexander Geynrikh scores the winning goal for Pakhtakor in injury time.",
"\nAl-Ittihad 2–1 Al-Shabab\nHicham Aboucherouane scores Al-Ittihad's winning goal in the 90th minute.",
"\nEuropean domestic (national) competitions: (teams that win titles in bold)\n Czech Republic Cup Final in Prague:\nSlovácko 0–1 Teplice\nTeplice win the Cup for the second time, and qualify for Europa League.",
"\n\nIce hockey\nStanley Cup playoffs (seeding in parentheses):\nWestern Conference Finals:\nGame 5 in Detroit: (2) Detroit Red Wings 2, (4) Chicago Blackhawks 1 (OT). ",
"Red Wings win series 4–1.",
"\nThe Red Wings will meet the Pittsburgh Penguins in a rematch of last year Finals.",
"\n\nShooting\nISSF World Cup in Milan, Italy: (Qualification scores in parentheses)\nMen's 25 metre rapid fire pistol: Taras Magmet 784.6 (584) Zhang Jian 781.1 (588) Christian Reitz 780.0 (582)\n\nTennis\nFrench Open in Paris, day 4: (seeding in parentheses)\nMen's Singles, second round:\nRafael Nadal [1] bt Teymuraz Gabashvili 6–1, 6–4, 6–2\nAndy Murray [3] bt Potito Starace 6–3, 2–6, 7–5, 6–4\nGilles Simon [7] bt Robert Kendrick 7–5, 6–0, 6–1\nFernando Verdasco [8] bt Philipp Petzschner 6–1, 6–2, 6–3\nNikolay Davydenko [10] v. Diego Junqueira 4–6, 6–3, 6–0, 2–2 (suspended)\nWomen's Singles, second round:\nDinara Safina [1] bt Vitalia Diatchenko 6–1, 6–1\nLucie Šafářová v. Venus Williams [3] 7–6 (5) (suspended)\nAna Ivanovic [8] bt Tamarine Tanasugarn 6–1, 6–2\nVictoria Azarenka [9] v.bt Kristina Barrois 7–6 (1), 7–5\nMaria Sharapova bt Nadia Petrova [11] 6–2, 1–6, 8–6\n\nMay 26, 2009 (Tuesday)\n\nBasketball\nNBA Playoffs (seeding in parentheses):\nEastern Conference Finals:\nGame 4 in Orlando: (3) Orlando Magic 116, (1) Cleveland Cavaliers 114 (OT). ",
"Magic lead series 3–1.",
"\n\nCricket\nWest Indies in England:\n3rd ODI in Birmingham:\n 328/7 (50 ov); 270 (49.4 ov). ",
"England win by 58 runs and win 3-match series 2–0.",
"\nICC World Twenty20 in England:\nWarm-up match:\n 146/6 (20/20 ov); 147/6 (20/20 ov) in Sir Paul Getty's Ground, Wormsley. ",
"New Zealand win by 4 wickets.",
"\n\nFootball (soccer)\nAFC Champions League Round of 16, West Asia:\nAl-Hilal 0–0 (ET) Umm-Salal. ",
"Umm-Salal win 4–3 in penalty shootout.",
"\nEuropean domestic (national) competitions: (listed by countries' alphabetic order; teams that win titles in bold)\n Bulgarian Cup Final in Sofia\nPirin Blagoevgrad 0–3 Litex Lovech\nLitex Lovech win the Cup for the second straight year and fourth time in their history, and qualify for Europa League.",
"\n Hungarian Cup Final, second leg: (first leg result in parentheses)\nBudapest Honvéd 0–0 (1–0) Győri ETO. ",
"Honvéd win 1–0 on aggregate.",
"\nHonvéd win the Cup for the 7th time, and qualify for Europa League.",
"\n Israel State Cup Final in Ramat Gan:\nBeitar Jerusalem 2–1 Maccabi Haifa\nCristian Álvarez and Aviram Baruchyan score in the first half to give Beitar the Cup for the second straight year and the 7th time in their history. ",
"However, Beitar is ineligible to participate in the Europa League.",
"\n\nIce hockey\nStanley Cup playoffs (seeding in parentheses):\nEastern Conference Finals:\nGame 4 in Raleigh: (4) Pittsburgh Penguins 4, (6) Carolina Hurricanes 1. ",
"Penguins win series 4–0.",
"\n\nShooting\nISSF World Cup in Milan, Italy: (Qualification scores in parentheses)\nWomen's 50 metre rifle three positions: Sonja Pfeilschifter 686.9 (585) Lidija Mihajlović 685.3 (587) Wan Xiangyan 684.1 (585)\nWomen's 25 metre pistol: Munkhbayar Dorjsuren 789.9 (589) Yuan Jing 789.4 (584) Lalita Yauhleuskaya 785.2 (580)\n\nTennis\nFrench Open in Paris, day 3: (seeding in parentheses)\nMen's Singles, first round:\nNovak Djokovic [4] bt Nicolás Lapentti 6–3, 3–1 (Lapentti retires)\nJuan Martín del Potro [5] bt Michaël Llodra 6–3, 6–3, 6–1\nJo-Wilfried Tsonga [9] bt Julien Benneteau 6–4, 3–6, 6–3, 6–4\nWomen's Singles, first round:\nSerena Williams [2] bt Klára Zakopalová 6–3, 6–7(5), 6–4\nElena Dementieva [4] bt Chanelle Scheepers 6–4, 6–3\nJelena Janković [5] bt Petra Cetkovská 6–2, 6–3\nSvetlana Kuznetsova [7] bt Claire Feuerstein 6–1, 6–4\nCaroline Wozniacki [10] bt Vera Dushevina 4–6, 7–5, 6–1\n\nMay 25, 2009 (Monday)\n\nAuto racing\nSprint Cup Series:\nCoca-Cola 600 in Concord, North Carolina: (1) David Reutimann (Michael Waltrip Racing) (2) Ryan Newman (Stewart Haas Racing) (3) Robby Gordon (Robby Gordon Motorsports)\nDrivers standings (after 12 of 26 races leading into the Chase for the Sprint Cup): (1) Jeff Gordon (Hendrick Motorsports) 1722 points (2) Tony Stewart (Stewart Haas Racing) 1678 (3) Kurt Busch (Penske Racing) 1598\nAfter being postponed from May 24 due to rain, the race was called after 227 of the scheduled 400 laps due to persistent rain, giving Reutimann his first NSCS win.",
"\n\nBasketball\nNBA Playoffs (seeding in parentheses):\nWestern Conference Finals:\nGame 4 in Denver: (2) Denver Nuggets 120, (1) Los Angeles Lakers 101. ",
"Series tied 2–2.",
"\nSeven Nuggets players score in double figures, led by Chauncey Billups and J. R. Smith with 24, and three have at least 13 rebounds, the most in a playoff game for 15 years, to compensate for an off night by Carmelo Anthony, who suffers from a stomach virus and sprained ankle and receives an IV at half-time.",
"Kobe Bryant scores 34 for the Lakers.",
"\n Russian Super League Playoff Final:\nGame 4: Khimky Moscow Region 45–78 CSKA Moscow. ",
"CSKA win best-of-5 series 3–1.",
"\n A1 Ethniki Playoff Final:\nGame 2: Panathinaikos 91–64 Olympiacos Piraeus. ",
"Panathinaikos lead best-of-5 series 2–0.",
"\n\nCycling\nGiro d'Italia:\nStage 16: (1) Carlos Sastre (Cervélo TestTeam) 7h 11' 54\" (2) Denis Menchov (Rabobank) + 25\" (3) Danilo Di Luca (L.P.R. Brakes-Farnese Vini) + 26\"\nGeneral classification: (1) Menchov 70h 06' 30\" (2) Di Luca + 39\" (3) Sastre + 2' 19\"\n\nDarts\nProfessional Darts Corporation:\nPremier League Final in Wembley, London: (best-of-25 legs; seeding in parentheses)\nJames Wade [2] beat Mervyn King [4] 13–8\nWade becomes only the second player to win the tournament, after King had earlier dethroned four-time reigning champion Phil Taylor in the semi-finals.",
"\n\nFootball (soccer)\nEuropean domestic (national) competitions:\n Football League Championship play-off Final in Wembley, London:\nBurnley 1–0 Sheffield United\nBurnley win promotion to the Premier League for the first time in 33 years, and join Wolves and Birmingham who won automatic promotion.",
"\n\nLacrosse\nNCAA Men's Championship Final Four in Foxborough, Massachusetts: (Seeding in parentheses)\nFinal:\n(2) Syracuse 10, (5) Cornell 9 (OT)\n\nShooting\nISSF World Cup in Milan, Italy: (Qualification scores in parentheses)\nMen's 50 metre rifle three positions: He Zhaohui 1284.8 (1181) Niccolo Campriani 1269.6 (1173) Anders Johanson 1268.5 (1172)\n\nTennis\nFrench Open in Paris, day 2: (seeding in parentheses)\nMen's Singles, first round:\nRafael Nadal [1] bt Marcos Daniel 7–5, 6–4, 6–3\nRoger Federer [2] bt Alberto Martín 6–4, 6–3, 6–2\nAndy Roddick [6] bt Romain Jouan 6–2, 6–4, 6–2\nNikolay Davydenko [10] bt Stefan Koubek 6–2, 6–1, 6–4\nWomen's Singles, first round:\nDinara Safina [1] bt Anne Keothavong 6–0, 6–0\nVenus Williams [3] bt Bethanie Mattek-Sands 6–1, 4–6, 6–2\nMaria Sharapova bt Anastasiya Yakimova 3–6, 6–1, 6–2\nVera Dushevina v. Caroline Wozniacki [10] 6–4, 5–7 (match postponed due to bad light)\n\nMay 24, 2009 (Sunday)\n\nAuto racing\nFormula One:\nMonaco Grand Prix in Monte Carlo, Monaco: (1) Jenson Button (Brawn–Mercedes) (2) Rubens Barrichello (Brawn-Mercedes) (3) Kimi Räikkönen (Ferrari)\nDrivers standings (after 6 of 17 races): (1) Button 51 points (2) Barrichello 35 (3) Sebastian Vettel (Red Bull–Renault) 23\nSprint Cup Series:\nCoca-Cola 600 in Concord, North Carolina: Postponed to May 25, due to rain.",
"\nIndyCar Series:\nIndianapolis 500 in Speedway, Indiana: (1) Hélio Castroneves (Penske Racing) (2) Dan Wheldon (Panther Racing) (3) Danica Patrick (Andretti Green Racing)\nDrivers standings (after 4 of 17 races): (1) Dario Franchitti (Chip Ganassi Racing) 122 points (2) Castroneves 117 (3) Ryan Briscoe (Penske Racing) 114\nWorld Rally Championship:\nRally d'Italia Sardegna: (1) Jari-Matti Latvala (Ford Focus RS WRC 08) 4:00:55.7 (2) Mikko Hirvonen (Ford Focus RS WRC 08) 4:01:25.1 (3) Petter Solberg (Citroën Xsara WRC) 4:02:53.3\nDrivers' Standings (after 6 of 12 rallies): (1) Sébastien Loeb 55 points (2) Hirvonen 38 (3) Dani Sordo 31\n\nBasketball\nNBA Playoffs (seeding in parentheses)\nEastern Conference Finals:\nGame 3 in Orlando: (3) Orlando Magic 99, (1) Cleveland Cavaliers 89. ",
"Magic lead series 2–1.",
"\n Russian Super League Playoff Final:\nGame 3: Khimky Moscow Region 67–66 CSKA Moscow. ",
"CSKA lead best-of-5 series 2–1.",
"\n\nCricket\nWest Indies in England:\n2nd ODI in Bristol:\n 160 (38.3 ov); 161/4 (36.0 ov). ",
"England win by 6 wickets, lead 3-match series 1–0.",
"\nIndian Premier League Final in Johannesburg:\n Deccan Chargers 143/6 (20 ov); Royal Challengers Bangalore 137/9 (20 ov). ",
"Deccan Chargers win by 6 runs.",
"\n\nCycling\nGiro d'Italia:\nStage 15: (1) Leonardo Bertagnolli (Diquigiovanni-Androni) 4h 18' 34\" (2) Serge Pauwels (Cervélo TestTeam) + 54\" (3) Marco Pinotti (Team Columbia-High Road) s.t.",
"\nGeneral classification: (1) Denis Menchov (Rabobank) 62h 54' 23\" (2) Danilo Di Luca (L.P.R. Brakes-Farnese Vini) + 34\" (3) Levi Leipheimer (Astana Team) + 40\"\nUCI ProTour:\nVolta a Catalunya:\nStage 7: (1) Greg Henderson (Team Columbia-High Road) 2h 26' 51\" (2) Lloyd Mondory (Ag2r-La Mondiale) s.t. (",
"3) Fabio Sabatini (Liquigas) s.t.",
"\nFinal General classification: (1) Alejandro Valverde () 24h 12' 10\" (2) Dan Martin (Garmin-Slipstream) + 15\" (3) Haimar Zubeldia (Astana Team) + 22\"\n\nFootball (soccer)\nEuropean domestic (national) competitions: (listed by countries' alphabetic order; league standings prior to match in parentheses; teams that win titles in bold; teams that qualify to the Champions League in italics)\n Austrian Cup Final in Mattersburg:\nTrenkwalder Admira 1–3 (ET) Austria Vienna\nAustria Vienna win the Cup for the 27th time, and qualify for Europa League.",
"\n Belgian First Division Championship Playoff, second leg: (first leg result in parentheses)\nStandard Liège 1–0 (1–1) Anderlecht. ",
"Standard win 2–1 on aggregate.",
"\nStandard win the championship for the 2nd straight year and 10th in their history, and qualify for the Champions League group stage. ",
"Anderlecht will enter the Champions League at the 3rd qualifying round.",
"\n Danish Superliga, matchday 32 of 33:\nF.C. Copenhagen win the championship, and qualify for the Champions League.",
"\n English Premier League, final matchday:\n(7) Fulham 0–2 (5) Everton\n(2) Liverpool 3–1 (8) Tottenham\nFinal standings: Manchester United 90 points, Liverpool 86, Chelsea 83, Arsenal 72, Everton 63, Aston Villa 62, Fulham 53, Tottenham & West Ham 51.",
"\nFulham clinch the last berth in the Europa League.",
"\nMiddlesbrough, Newcastle and West Bromwich are relegated to the Football League Championship.",
"\n Italian Serie A, matchday 33 of 34:\n(9) Cagliari 2–1 (1) Inter\n(2) Milan 2–3 (6) Roma\n(14) Siena 0–3 (3) Juventus\n(20) Lecce 1–1 (4) Fiorentina\n(17) Torino 2–3 (5) Genoa\nStandings: Inter 81 points, Juventus & Milan 71, Fiorentina 68, Genoa 65, Roma 60.",
"\nJuventus secure a berth in the Champions League group stage. ",
"Milan and Fiorentina also qualify for the Champions League. ",
"If Fiorentina beat Milan on May 31 they will clinch a spot in the group stage, otherwise Milan will go to the group stage. ",
"Genoa and Roma clinch berths in Europa League.",
"\nLecce and Reggina are relegated to Serie B. The 3rd relegation berth will be determined next Sunday between Torino and Bologna.",
"\n Romanian Liga I, matchday 32 of 34:\n(2) Unirea Urziceni 1–0 (1) Dinamo București\nUnirea goes to the top with 66 points, one ahead of Dinamo.",
"\n Scottish Premier League, final matchday:\n(4) Dundee United 0–3 (1) Rangers\n(2) Celtic 0–0 (3) Hearts\n(5) Aberdeen 2–1 (6) Hibernian\nFinal standings: Rangers 86 points, Celtic 82, Hearts 59, Aberdeen 53 (goal difference +1), Dundee United 53 (−3), Hibernian 47.",
"\nRangers win the championship for the 52nd time and qualify for the Champions League group stage. ",
"Celtic have to be content with second place and a berth in the Champions League third qualifying round. ",
"Aberdeen edge Dundee United by goal difference and qualify for the Europa League, together with Hearts and Falkirk, the Scottish Cup finalist.",
"\n Swiss Super League, matchday 35 of 36:\nFC Zürich win the championship, and qualify for the Champions League.",
"\n Turkish Süper Lig, matchday 33 of 34:\n(1) Beşiktaş 2–1 (4) Galatasaray\n(2) Sivasspor 3–2 (12) Gençlerbirliği\n(10) Eskişehirspor 2–5 (3) Trabzonspor\nStandings: Beşiktaş 68 points, Sivasspor 66, Trabzonspor 65.",
"\n\nGolf\nSenior majors:\nSenior PGA Championship in Beachwood, Ohio:\nWinner: Michael Allen 274 (−6)\n Allen, who defeats Larry Mize by two shots, becomes only the fourth golfer ever, and the first since Jack Nicklaus in 1990, to win a major on his Champions Tour debut.",
"\nPGA Tour:\nHP Byron Nelson Championship in Irving, Texas:\nWinner: Rory Sabbatini 261 (−19)\nEuropean Tour:\nBMW PGA Championship in Wentworth, England:\nWinner: Paul Casey 271 (−17)\n Casey birdies the last two holes to finish one shot ahead of Ross Fisher , and moves to a career-high #3 world ranking.",
"\nLPGA Tour:\nLPGA Corning Classic in Corning, New York:\nWinner: Yani Tseng 267 (−21)\n Tseng finishes one shot ahead of Soo-Yun Kang and Paula Creamer and becomes the youngest LPGA golfer with US$2 million in career earnings.",
"\n\nIce hockey\nStanley Cup playoffs: (Seeding in parentheses, All times ET)\nWestern Conference Finals:\nGame 4 in Chicago: (2) Detroit Red Wings 6, (4) Chicago Blackhawks 1. ",
"Red Wings lead series 3–1.",
"\n\nRugby union\nSevens World Series:\nLondon Sevens in London\nFinal: 26–31 (AET) \nStandings after 7 of 8 events: (1) 116 points (2) 96 (3) 82\n will clinch the season crown unless they place outside the top 9 teams in the season-ending Edinburgh Sevens next weekend and England win the tournament.",
"\n\nShooting\nISSF World Cup in Milan, Italy: (Qualification scores in parentheses)\nWomen's 10 metre air pistol: Guo Wenjun 489.9 (392) Hu Jun 488.6 (388) Mirosława Sagun-Lewandowska 486.0 (385)\nMen's 10 metre air pistol: Lukas Grunder 691.1 (588 EJWR) Serhiy Kudriya 682.2 (583) Denis Kulakov 680.6 (582)\n\nTennis\nFrench Open in Paris, day 1: (seeding in parentheses)\nMen's Singles, first round:\nAndy Murray (3) bt Juan Ignacio Chela 6–2, 6–2, 6–1\nGilles Simon (7) bt Wayne Odesnik 3–6, 7–5, 6–2, 4–6, 6–3\nFernando Verdasco (8) bt Florent Serra 6–2, 6–1, 6–4\nWomen's Singles, first round:\nAna Ivanovic (8) bt Sara Errani 7–6 (7/3), 6–3\nVictoria Azarenka (9) bt Roberta Vinci 6–4, 6–2\n\nMay 23, 2009 (Saturday)\n\nAuto racing\nNationwide Series:\nCarQuest Auto Parts 300 in Concord, North Carolina:\n(1) Mike Bliss (Phoenix Racing) (2) Brendan Gaughan (Rusty Wallace, Inc.) (3) Kyle Busch (Joe Gibbs Racing)\n\nBasketball\nNBA Playoffs (seeding in parentheses):\nWestern Conference Finals:\nGame 3 in Denver: (1) Los Angeles Lakers 103, (2) Denver Nuggets 97. ",
"Lakers lead series 2–1.",
"\n2014 FIBA World Championship:\nThe hosting rights were awarded to Spain after the FIBA Central Board voted in Chicago. ",
"Other countries in the running were Italy and China.",
"\n\nCycling\nGiro d'Italia:\nStage 14: (1) Simon Gerrans (Cervélo TestTeam) 4h 16' 48\" (2) Rubens Bertogliati (Diquigiovanni-Androni) + 12\" (3) Francesco Gavazzi (Lampre-N.G.C.) + 18\"\nGeneral classification: (1) Denis Menchov (Rabobank) 58h 33' 53\" (2) Danilo Di Luca (L.P.R. Brakes-Farnese Vini) + 34\" (3) Levi Leipheimer (Astana Team) + 43\"\nUCI ProTour:\nVolta a Catalunya:\nStage 6: (1) Thor Hushovd (Cervélo TestTeam) 3h 26' 43\" (2) Fabio Sabatini (Liquigas) s.t. (",
"3) Greg Henderson (Team Columbia-High Road) s.t.",
"\nGeneral classification: (1) Alejandro Valverde () 21h 45' 19\" (2) Dan Martin (Garmin-Slipstream) + 15\" (3) Haimar Zubeldia (Astana Team) + 22\"\n\nFootball (soccer)\nEuropean domestic (national) competitions: (listed by countries' alphabetic order; league standings prior to match in parentheses; teams that win titles in bold; teams that qualify to the Champions League in italics)\n Belgian Cup Final in Brussels:\nMechelen 0–2 Genk\nGenk win the Cup for the third time, and qualify for Europa League.",
"\n French Ligue 1, matchday 37 of 38:\n(1) Bordeaux 1–0 (11) AS Monaco\n(13) Nancy 1–2 (2) Marseille\n(3) Lyon 3–1 (16) Caen\n(14) Valenciennes 2–1 (4) Paris Saint-Germain\nBordeaux lead by 3 points over Marseille with one match remaining, and will win the title unless they lose and Marseille win. ",
"Both teams qualify to the Champions League group stage, while Lyon secure 3rd place and will enter the Champions League at the play off stage.",
"\n German Bundesliga, final matchday:\n(1) Wolfsburg 5–1 (10) Werder Bremen\n(2) Bayern Munich 2–1 (3) Stuttgart\n(18) Karlsruhe 4–0 (4) Hertha Berlin\n(15) Mönchengladbach 1–1 (5) Dortmund\n(13) Frankfurt 2–3 (6) Hamburg\nFinal standings: Wolfsburg 69 points, Bayern 67, Stuttgart 64, Hertha 63, Hamburg 61, Dortmund 59.",
"\nWolfsburg win their first-ever Bundesliga crown. ",
"Bayern claims second place and also qualify to the Champions League group stage. ",
"Hertha's demolition by relegated Karlsruhe sends Stuttgart to the Champions League play-off round while Hertha go into the Europa League. ",
"Hamburg pips Dortmund for the final Europa League berth with a 90th minute winning goal by Piotr Trochowski.",
"\n Israeli Premier League, matchday 32 of 33:\nMaccabi Netanya 0–2 Maccabi Haifa\nHaifa secure their 11th championship, and qualify to the Champions League.",
"\n Spanish La Liga, matchday 37 of 38:\n(1) Barcelona 0–1 (18) Osasuna\n(3) Sevilla 1–0 (7) Deportivo La Coruña\n(11) Athletic Bilbao 1–4 (4) Atlético Madrid\n(6) Villarreal 3–1 (5) Valencia\nDiego Perotti's goal in the 90th minute secures 3rd place for Sevilla and a berth in the Champions League group stage, alongside Barcelona and Real Madrid. ",
"Atlético Madrid has 2 points lead over Villarreal in the battle for 4th place and a spot in the Champions League play off stage.",
"\n\nIce hockey\nStanley Cup playoffs (seeding in parentheses):\nEastern Conference Finals:\nGame 3 in Raleigh: (4) Pittsburgh Penguins 6, (6) Carolina Hurricanes 2. ",
"Penguins lead series 3–0.",
"\n\nLacrosse\nNCAA Men's Championship Final Four in Foxborough, Massachusetts (seeding in parentheses):\nSemifinals:\n(2) Syracuse 17, (3) Duke 7\n(5) Cornell 15, (1) Virginia 6\n\nMixed martial arts\nUFC 98 in Las Vegas:\nLight Heavyweight Championship bout:\n Lyoto Machida def. ",
" Rashad Evans via KO (punch) at 3:57 of round 2 to become the new Light Heavyweight Champion.",
"\n\nRugby union\nHeineken Cup Final in Edinburgh:\nLeicester Tigers 16–19 Leinster\nSuper 14 semifinal in Pretoria:\nBulls 36–23 Crusaders\nMid-year test series:\n 6–25 Ireland in Vancouver\n2011 Rugby World Cup – Europe qualification:\n 3–19 \nLithuania will play against Netherlands in the next round on June 6.",
"\n\nShooting\nISSF World Cup in Milan, Italy: (Qualification scores in parentheses)\nMen's 10 metre air rifle: Zhu Qinan 699.1 (596) Artur Ayvazyan 698.8 (596) Henri Häkkinen 697.6 (595)\nWomen's 10 metre air rifle: Sonja Pfeilschifter 502.0 (399) Petra Zublasing 501.5 (398) Xie Jieqiong 501.4 (398)\n\nTennis\nATP Tour:\nHypo Group Tennis International in Pörtschach, Austria\nFinal: Guillermo García López def. ",
" Julien Benneteau, 3–6, 7–6(1), 6–3\nGarcia-Lopez wins his first ATP Tour title.",
"\nARAG World Team Cup in Düsseldorf, Germany\nFinal: def. ",
" 2–1\nWTA Tour:\nInternationaux de Strasbourg in Strasbourg, France\nFinal: Aravane Rezaï def. ",
" Lucie Hradecká, 7–6(2), 6–1\nRezaï wins her first WTA Tour title.",
"\nWarsaw Open in Warsaw, Poland\nFinal: Alexandra Dulgheru def. ",
" Alona Bondarenko, 7–6(3), 3–6, 6–0\nDulgheru also wins her first WTA Tour title.",
"\n\nMay 22, 2009 (Friday)\n\nBaseball\nJake Peavy of the San Diego Padres refuses to be traded to the Chicago White Sox.",
"\n\nBasketball\nNBA Playoffs (seeding in parentheses):\nEastern Conference Finals:\nGame 2 in Cleveland: (1) Cleveland Cavaliers 96, (3) Orlando Magic 95. ",
"Series tied 1–1.",
"\nLeBron James scores a game-winning three-pointer at the buzzer to finish the game with 35 points, after the Magic rally from 23 points down in the second quarter to take a 2-point lead on a Hedo Türkoğlu jumper with 1 second left. ",
"The result makes this the first playoff series in NBA history in which the first two games are both decided by one point.",
"\n\nCycling\nGiro d'Italia:\nStage 13: (1) Mark Cavendish (Team Columbia-High Road) 3h 48' 36\" (2) Alessandro Petacchi (L.P.R. Brakes-Farnese Vini) s.t. (",
"3) Allan Davis (Quick Step) s.t\nGeneral classification: (1) Denis Menchov (Rabobank) 54h 16' 01\" (2) Danilo Di Luca (L.P.R. Brakes-Farnese Vini) + 34\" (3) Levi Leipheimer (Team Astana) + 40\"\nUCI ProTour:\nVolta a Catalunya:\nStage 5: (1) Nikolay Trusov (Team Katusha) 4h 28' 58\" (2) Thor Hushovd (Cervélo TestTeam) s.t. (",
"3) Fabio Sabatini (Liquigas) s.t.",
"\nGeneral classification: (1) Alejandro Valverde () 18h 18' 36\" (2) Dan Martin (Garmin-Slipstream) + 15\" (3) Haimar Zubeldia (Team Astana) + 22\"\n\nFootball (soccer)\nUEFA Women's Cup Finals, second leg: (first leg result in parentheses)\nDuisburg 1–1 (6–0) Zvezda Perm. ",
"Duisburg win 7–1 on aggregate.",
"\nDuisburg win the title for the first time.",
"\n\nIce hockey\nStanley Cup playoffs (seeding in parentheses):\nWestern Conference Finals:\nGame 3 in Chicago: (4) Chicago Blackhawks 4, (2) Detroit Red Wings 3 (OT). ",
"Red Wings lead series 2–1.",
"\n\nRugby union\nEuropean Challenge Cup Final in London:\nNorthampton Saints 15–3 Bourgoin\nThe Saints earn a place in next season's Heineken Cup.",
"\nSuper 14 semifinal in Hamilton, New Zealand:\n Chiefs 14–10 Hurricanes\n\nMay 21, 2009 (Thursday)\n\nBasketball\nNBA Playoffs (seeding in parentheses):\nWestern Conference Finals:\nGame 2 in Los Angeles: (2) Denver Nuggets 106, (1) Los Angeles Lakers 103. ",
"Series tied 1–1.",
"\nThe Nuggets beat the Lakers in the playoffs for the first time since 1985, breaking a streak of 11 successive losses. ",
"Carmelo Anthony scores 34 points for his fifth straight 30-points game, the first ever Nuggets player to do so.",
"\n Israeli Super League Final Four in Tel Aviv: (league standings in parentheses)\nFinal: (1) (1) Maccabi Tel Aviv 85–72 (2) (3) Maccabi Haifa Heat\nMaccabi Tel Aviv win the championship for the 48th time, and the 38th in the last 40 years.",
"\n3rd place playoff: (2) Hapoel Jerusalem 96–101 (3) (5) Hapoel Gilboa/Galil\n Russian Super League Playoff Final:\nGame 2: CSKA Moscow 76–64 Khimky Moscow Region. ",
"CSKA lead best-of-5 series 2–0.",
"\n A1 Ethniki Playoff Final:\nGame 1: Olympiacos Piraeus 67–69 Panathinaikos. ",
"Panathinaikos lead best-of-5 series 1–0.",
"\n\nCricket\nWest Indies in England:\n1st ODI in Leeds:\nMatch abandoned without a ball bowled\n\nCycling\nGiro d'Italia:\nStage 12 (ITT): (1) Denis Menchov (Rabobank) 1h 34' 29\" (2) Levi Leipheimer (Team Astana) + 20\" (3) Stefano Garzelli (Acqua & Sapone-Caffè Mokambo) + 1' 03\"\nGeneral classification: (1) Menchov 50h 27' 17\" (2) Danilo Di Luca (L.P.R. Brakes-Farnese Vini) + 34\" (3) Leipheimer + 40\"\nUCI ProTour:\nVolta a Catalunya:\nStage 4: (1) Julián Sánchez Pimienta (Contentpolis-Ampo) 4hr 46min 29sec (2) Dan Martin (Garmin-Slipstream) + 6\" (3) Alejandro Valverde () + 8\"\nGeneral classification: (1) Valverde 13hr 49min 48sec (2) Martin + 15\" (3) Haimar Zubeldia (Team Astana) + 22\"\n\nFootball (soccer)\nCopa Libertadores Round of 16, second leg: (first leg score in parentheses)\nBoca Juniors 0–1 (2–2) Defensor Sporting. ",
"Defensor Sporting win 3–2 on aggregate.",
"\nArab Champions League Final, second leg: (first leg score in parentheses)\nEspérance Sportive de Tunis 1–1 (1–0) Wydad Casablanca. ",
"Espérance Sportive de Tunis win 2–1 on aggregate.",
"\nEspérance Sportive win the trophy for the second time.",
"\nDomestic (national) competitions: (listed by countries' alphabetic order; teams that win titles in bold)\n Belgian First Division Championship Playoff, first leg:\nAnderlecht 1–1 Standard Liège\n Danish Cup Final in Copenhagen:\nAalborg 0–1 Copenhagen\nCopenhagen win the Cup for the fourth time, and qualify for Europa League.",
"\n Serbian Cup Final in Belgrade:\nPartizan 3–0 Sevojno\nPartizan win the league and cup double for the second straight year.",
"\n\nIce hockey\nStanley Cup playoffs (seeding in parentheses):\nEastern Conference Finals:\nGame 2 in Pittsburgh: (4) Pittsburgh Penguins 7, (6) Carolina Hurricanes 4. ",
"Penguins lead series 2–0.",
"\n\nMay 20, 2009 (Wednesday)\n\nBasketball\nNBA Playoffs (seeding in parentheses):\nEastern Conference Finals:\nGame 1 in Cleveland: (3) Orlando Magic 107, (1) Cleveland Cavaliers 106. ",
"Magic lead series 1–0.",
"\nDwight Howard scores 30 points and Rashard Lewis adds 22, including the game-winning basket with 14.7 seconds left, as the Magic rally from a 15-point halftime deficit to hand the Cavaliers their first loss of the postseason, despite 49 points from LeBron James.",
"\nAsia Champions Cup in Jakarta, Indonesia:\nFinal: Mahram 78–68 Zain\nMahram win the Cup for the first time, and extend Iran's winning streak to 3 years.",
"\nBronze medal game: Al-Riyadi 94–81 Al-Arabi\n5th place playoff: Smart Gilas 112–107 (OT) Satria Muda\n7th place playoff: Sangmu 72–61 Young Cagers\n Russian Super League Playoff Final:\nGame 1: CSKA Moscow 80–74 Khimky Moscow Region. ",
"CSKA lead best-of-5 series 1–0.",
"\n\nCycling\nGiro d'Italia:\nStage 11: (1) Mark Cavendish (Team Columbia-High Road) 4h 51' 17\" (2) Tyler Farrar (Garmin-Slipstream) s.t. (",
"3) Alessandro Petacchi (L.P.R. Brakes-Farnese Vini) s.t.",
"\nGeneral classification: (1) Danilo Di Luca (L.P.R. Brakes-Farnese Vini) 48h 51' 28\" (2) Denis Menchov (Rabobank) + 1' 20\" (3) Michael Rogers (Team Columbia-High Road) + 1' 33\nUCI ProTour:\nVolta a Catalunya:\nStage 3: (1) Alejandro Valverde () 4h 46' 53\" (2) David de la Fuente (Fuji-Servetto) s.t. (",
"3) Dan Martin (Garmin-Slipstream) s.t.",
"\nGeneral classification: (1) Valverde 9h 03' 05\" (2) Haimar Zubeldia (Team Astana) + 14\" (3) Samuel Sánchez (Euskaltel-Euskadi) + 15\"\n\nFootball (soccer)\nUEFA Cup Final in Istanbul:\nWerder Bremen 1–2 (ET) Shakhtar Donetsk\nJádson scores in the 7th minute of extra time to give Shakhtar the last UEFA Cup, which will be replaced by Europa League next season. ",
"This is the first European trophy won by a team representing Ukraine.",
"\nAFC Champions League group stage, matchday 6: (teams in bold advance to the round of 16)\nGroup A:\nAl-Hilal 2–0 Pakhtakor Tashkent\nAl-Ahli 3–5 Saba Battery\nFinal standings: Al-Hilal 14 points, Pakhtakor 13, Saba Battery 5, Al-Ahli 1.",
"\nGroup B:\nPersepolis 1–0 Al-Shabab\nFinal standings: Persepolis & Al-Shabab 7 points, Al-Gharafa 3.",
"\nGroup E:\nBeijing Guoan 1–1 Nagoya Grampus\nUlsan Hyundai Horang-i 0–1 Newcastle United Jets\nFinal standings: Nagoya 12 points, Newcastle 10, Ulsan 6, Beijing 5.",
"\nGroup F:\nGamba Osaka 1–2 Seoul\nSriwijaya 4–2 Shandong Luneng\nFinal standing: Osaka 15 points, Seoul 10, Shandong 7, Sriwujaya 3.",
"\nEuropean domestic (national) competitions: (listed by countries' alphabetic order; teams that win titles in bold)\n Hungarian Cup Final, first leg:\nGyőri ETO 0–1 Budapest Honvéd\n Slovakian Cup Final in Senec:\nKošice 3–1 Artmedia Petržalka\nKošice win the Cup for the 4th time in their history, and qualify for Europa League.",
"\n Swiss Cup Final in Berne:\nYoung Boys 2–3 Sion\nSion rallies from 2 goals down to win the Cup for the 11th time, and qualify for Europa League.",
"\n\nShooting\nISSF World Cup in Munich, Germany: (Qualification scores in parentheses)\nWomen's 10 metre air pistol: Olena Kostevych 489.4 (390) Tong Xin 488.6 (385) Lee Ho-lim 487.3 (388)\nMen's 50 metre rifle three positions: He Zhaohui 1283.5 (1182) Mario Knögler 1276.7 (1178) Matthew Emmons 1275.8 (1176)\nMen's skeet: Jan Sychra 149 (125 EWR) Georgios Achilleos 148+2 (123) Valerio Luchini 148+1 (123)\nIn the qualification round, Sychra equalled the world record with a perfect 125.",
"\n\nMay 19, 2009 (Tuesday)\n\nBasketball\nNBA Draft Lottery in Secaucus, New Jersey:\n(1) Los Angeles Clippers (2) Memphis Grizzlies (3) Oklahoma City Thunder\nNBA Playoffs: (seeding in parentheses)\nWestern Conference Finals:\nGame 1 in Los Angeles: (1) Los Angeles Lakers 105, (2) Denver Nuggets 103. ",
"Lakers lead series 1–0.",
"\nAsia Champions Cup in Jakarta, Indonesia:\nSemifinals:\nMahram 109–80 Al-Riyadi\nZain 113–57 Al-Arabi\nClassification 5–8:\nSangmu 78–98 Smart Gilas\nYoung Cagers 61–83 Satria Muda\n9th place playoff:\nAl-Qadsia – AlWasl\n Israeli Super League Final Four in Tel Aviv: (league standings in parentheses)\nSemifinals:\n(2) Hapoel Jerusalem 93–98 (OT) (3) Maccabi Haifa Heat\nMaccabi Haifa advance to their first ever playoff final.",
"\n(1) Maccabi Tel Aviv 72–70 (5) Hapoel Gilboa/Galil\n\nCycling\nGiro d'Italia:\nStage 10: (1) Danilo Di Luca (L.P.R. Brakes-Farnese Vini) 6h 30' 43\" (2) Franco Pellizotti (Liquigas) + 10\" (3) Denis Menchov (Rabobank) s.t.",
"\nGeneral classification: (1) Di Luca 44h 00' 11\" (2) Menchov + 1' 20\" (3) Michael Rogers (Team Columbia-High Road) + 1' 33\"\nUCI ProTour:\nVolta a Catalunya:\nStage 2: (1) Matti Breschel (Team Saxo Bank) 4h 11' 34\" (2) Jérôme Pineau (Quick Step) s.t. (",
"3) Xavier Florencio (Cervélo TestTeam) s.t.",
"\nGeneral classification: (1) Alejandro Valverde () 4h 16' 22\" (2) Pineau s.t. (",
"3) Florencio + 1\"\n\nFootball (soccer)\nAFC Champions League group stage, matchday 6: (teams in bold advance to the round of 16)\nGroup C:\nAl-Ittihad 7–0 Umm-Salal\nAl-Jazira 2–2 Esteghlal\nFinal standings: Al-Ittihad 12 points, Umm-Salal 8, Al-Jazira 5, Esteghlal 4.",
"\nGroup D:\nSepahan 3–0 Al-Ettifaq\nBunyodkor 0–0 Al-Shabab Al-Arabi\nFinal standings: Al-Ettifaq 12 points, Bunyodkor 8, Sepahan & Al-Shabab 7.",
"\nGroup G:\nSuwon Bluewings 3–1 Singapore Armed Forces\nShanghai Shenhua 1–1 Kashima Antlers\nFinal standings: Kashima 13 points, Suwon 12, Shanghai 8, Singapore AF 1.",
"\nGroup H:\nKawasaki Frontale 0–2 Pohang Steelers\nCentral Coast Mariners 0–1 Tianjin Teda\nFinal standings: Pohang 12 points, Kawasaki 10, Tianjin 8, Central Coast 2.",
"\n Polish Cup Final in Chorzów:\nRuch Chorzów 0–1 Lech Poznań\nPoznań win the Cup for the fifth time, and qualify for Europa League.",
"\n\nIce hockey\nStanley Cup playoffs (seeding in parentheses; all times ET):\nWestern Conference Finals:\nGame 2 in Detroit: (2) Detroit Red Wings 3, (4) Chicago Blackhawks 2 (OT). ",
"Red Wings lead series 2–0.",
"\n\nShooting\nISSF World Cup in Munich, Germany: (Qualification scores in parentheses)\nWomen's 50 metre rifle three positions: Yin Wen 687.5 (590) Sonja Pfeilschifter 685.7 (584) Tejaswini Sawant 685.0 (588)\nMen's 10 metre air pistol: Jin Jong-oh 689.4 (586) Lee Dae-myung 686.7 (586) Yury Dauhapolau 686.6 (584)\nWomen's skeet: Wei Ning 98 (74 EWR) Svetlana Demina 97 (73) Kim Rhode 93 (73)\nIn the qualification round, Wei equalled the world record, hitting 74 of 75 targets.",
"\n\nMay 18, 2009 (Monday)\n\nCricket\nWest Indies in England:\n2nd Test in Chester-le-Street, day 5:\n 569/6d; 310 & 176 (f/o). ",
"England win by an innings and 83 runs, and win 2-match series 2–0.",
"\n\nCycling\nUCI ProTour:\nVolta a Catalunya:\nStage 1 (ITT): (1) Thor Hushovd (Cervélo TestTeam) 4' 47\" (2) Alejandro Valverde () + 1\" (3) Greg Henderson (Team Columbia-High Road) + 2\"\n\nFootball (soccer)\nEuropean Under-17 Championship in Germany:\nFinal in Magdeburg:\n 1–2 (ET) \nEuropean domestic (national) competitions: (listed by countries' alphabetic order; league standings prior to match in parentheses; teams that win titles in bold; teams that qualify to the Champions League in italics)\n Czech Gambrinus liga, matchday 28 of 30:\n(16) Viktoria Žižkov 1–3 (1) Slavia Prague\nSlavia secure the championship for the second straight year, with 8 points lead over Sparta Prague.",
"\n Israeli Premier League, matchday 31 of 33:\n(1) Maccabi Haifa 1–0 (2) Hapoel Tel Aviv\nYaniv Katan's goal in the 61st minute gives Maccabi Haifa 5 points lead over Hapoel Tel Aviv, with 2 matches remaining. ",
"Haifa can secure the title with a win over Maccabi Netanya next weekend.",
"\n\nIce hockey\nStanley Cup playoffs (seeding in parentheses):\nEastern Conference Finals:\nGame 1 in Pittsburgh: (4) Pittsburgh Penguins 3, (6) Carolina Hurricanes 2. ",
"Penguins lead series 1–0.",
"\n\nShooting\nISSF World Cup in Munich, Germany: (Qualification scores in parentheses)\nMen's 50 metre rifle prone: Guy Starik 703.3 (598) Matthew Emmons 702.0 (597) Michael McPhail 701.0 (598)\nMen's 25 metre rapid fire pistol: Christian Reitz 785.3 (584) Martin Strnad 780.2 (586) Keith Sanderson 780.0 (585)\n\nMay 17, 2009 (Sunday)\n\nAuto racing\nWorld Touring Car Championship:\nPau Grand Prix in Pau, France\nRace 1: (1) Robert Huff (Chevrolet Cruze) (2) Augusto Farfus (BMW 320si) (3) Jörg Müller (BMW 320si)\nRace 2: (1) Alain Menu (Chevrolet Cruze) (2) Farfus (3) Huff\nStandings (after 8 of 24 races): (1) Yvan Muller (SEAT León 2.0 TDI) 45 points (2) Farfus 39 (3) Gabriele Tarquini (SEAT León 2.0 TDI) 34\nFIA GT Championship:\nAdria 2 Hours in Adria, Italy\n(1) Michael Bartels & Andrea Bertolini (Maserati MC12 GT1) (2) Mike Hezemans & Anthony Kumpen (Chevrolet Corvette C6.R) (3) Miguel Ramos & Alex Müller (Maserati MC12 GT1)\nStandings (after 2 of 8 races): (1) Bartels & Bertolini 18 points (2) Hezemans & Kumpen 13 (3) Guillaume Moreau & Xavier Maassen (Chevrolet Corvette C6.R) 11\nDeutsche Tourenwagen Masters:\nRound 1 in Hockenheim, Germany\n(1) Tom Kristensen (Audi A4) (2) Timo Scheider (Audi A4) (3) Oliver Jarvis (Audi A4)\nStandings (after 1 of 10 races): (1) Kristensen 10 points (2) Scheider 8 (3) Jarvis 6\n\nBadminton\nSudirman Cup in Guangzhou, China:\nFinal: 3–0 \nChina win the Cup for the third successive time and the seventh time in last 8 tournaments, without losing a match throughout the tournament.",
"\n\nBasketball\nNBA Playoffs (seeding in parentheses):\nEastern Conference Semifinals:\nGame 7 in Boston: (3) Orlando Magic 101, (2) Boston Celtics 82. ",
"Magic win series 4–3.",
"\nWestern Conference Semifinals:\nGame 7 in Los Angeles: (1) Los Angeles Lakers 89, (5) Houston Rockets 70. ",
"Lakers win series 4–3.",
"\nAsia Champions Cup in Jakarta, Indonesia:\nQuarterfinals:\nYoung Cagers 73–97 Mahram\nSangmu 70–89 Zain\nAl-Arabi 76–71 Smart Gilas\nAl-Riyadi 86–69 Satria Muda\n French Cup Final:\nLe Mans 79–65 Nancy\n\nCricket\nWest Indies in England:\n2nd Test in Chester-le-Street, day 4:\n 569/6d; 310 (Ramnaresh Sarwan 100) & 115/3 (f/o). ",
"West Indies trail by 144 runs with 7 wickets remaining.",
"\n\nCycling\nGiro d'Italia:\nStage 9: (1) Mark Cavendish (Team Columbia-High Road) 4h 16' 13\" (2) Allan Davis (Quick Step) s.t. (",
"3) Tyler Farrar (Garmin-Slipstream) s.t\nGeneral classification: (1) Danilo Di Luca (L.P.R. Brakes-Farnese Vini) 37h 29' 48\" (2) Thomas Lövkvist (Team Columbia-High Road) + 13\" (3) Michael Rogers (Team Columbia-High Road) + 44\"\n\nFootball (soccer)\nEuropean domestic (national) competitions: (listed by countries' alphabetic order; league standings prior to match in parentheses; teams that win titles in bold; teams that qualify to the Champions League in italics)\n Austrian Bundesliga, matchday 34 of 36:\nRed Bull Salzburg clinch the championship and qualify for the Champions League, as a result of 2nd place Rapid Vienna's 3–0 loss to Ried.",
"\n Croatian Prva HNL, matchday 31 of 33:\nDinamo Zagreb clinch the championship and qualify for the Champions League, with 2–0 win over Slaven Belupo.",
"\n French Ligue 1, matchday 36 of 38:\n(2) Marseille 1–3 (3) Lyon\nStandings: Bordeaux 74 points, Marseille 71, Lyon 67.",
"\n Italian Serie A, matchday 32 of 34:\n(1) Inter 3–0 (14) Siena\n(3) Juventus 2–2 (11) Atalanta\n(4) Fiorentina 1–0 (12) Sampdoria\n(5) Genoa 2–2 (16) Chievo\nStandings: Inter 81 points, Milan 71, Juventus 68, Fiorentina 67, Genoa 62. ",
"Juventus clinch a berth in the Champions League.",
"\n Dutch Cup Final in Rotterdam:\nHeerenveen 2–2 (ET) Twente. ",
"Heerenveen win 5–4 in penalty shootout.",
"\nHeerenveen win the first ever trophy in their history, and qualify for Europa League.",
"\n Romanian Liga I, matchday 31 of 34:\n(1) Dinamu Bucureşti 3–1 (3) Timişoara\n(12) Oţelul Galaţi 0–2 (2) Unirea Urziceni\nStandings: Dinamo 65 points, Urziceni 63, Timişoara 58.",
"\n Scottish Premier League, matchday 37 of 38:\n(6) Hibernian 0–0 (2) Celtic\nStandings: Rangers 83 points, Celtic 81. ",
"Celtic must beat Hearts and hope Rangers don't beat Dundee United to win the title.",
"\n Spanish La Liga, matchday 36 of 38:\n(10) Mallorca 2–1 (1) Barcelona\nSamuel Eto'o scores his 29th goal of the season for Barcelona, but misses a penalty in injury time that could level the score.",
"\n(6) Atlético Madrid 1–0 (4) Valencia\nStandings: Barcelona 86 points, Real Madrid 78, Sevilla 64, Atlético Madrid 61, Valencia & Villarreal 59.",
"\n Turkish Süper Lig, matchday 32 of 34:\n(13) Ankaragücü 1–3 (2) Beşiktaş\n(3) Trabzonspor 1–0 (6) Bursaspor\nStandings: Beşiktaş 65 points, Sivasspor 63, Trabzonspor 62.",
"\n\nGolf\nPGA Tour:\nValero Texas Open in San Antonio, Texas:\nWinner: Zach Johnson 265 (−15) PO\n Johnson defeats James Driscoll , who erased Johnson's 8-shot lead entering the final day with a 62, on the first playoff hole.",
"\nEuropean Tour:\nIrish Open in Baltray, Ireland:\nWinner: Shane Lowry (A) 271 (−17) PO\nLowry beat Robert Rock on the 3rd playoff hole to become the third amateur winner in the European Tour history.",
"\nLPGA Tour:\nSybase Classic in Clifton, New Jersey:\nWinner: Ji Young Oh 264 (−14)\n\nIce hockey\nStanley Cup playoffs (seeding in parentheses):\nWestern Conference Finals:\nGame 1 in Detroit: (2) Detroit Red Wings 5, (4) Chicago Blackhawks 2. ",
"Red Wings lead series 1–0.",
"\n\nLacrosse\nNCAA Division I Men's Championship (seeding in parentheses; all times ET):\nQuarterfinals in Annapolis, Maryland:\n(1) Virginia 19, (8) Johns Hopkins 8\n(3) Duke 12, (4) North Carolina 11\n\nMotorcycle racing\nMoto GP:\nFrench motorcycle Grand Prix in Le Mans, France\n(1) Jorge Lorenzo (Yamaha YZR-M1) (2) Marco Melandri (Kawasaki ZX-RR) (3) Dani Pedrosa (Honda RC212V)\nRiders' standings after 4 of 17 races: (1) Lorenzo 66 points (2) Valentino Rossi (Yamaha YZR-M1) & Casey Stoner (Ducati Desmosedici) 65\nSuperbike World Championship:\nKyalami Superbike World Championship round in Midrand, South Africa\nRace 1: (1) Noriyuki Haga (Ducati 1098R) (2) Michel Fabrizio (Ducati 1098R) (3) Ben Spies (Yamaha YZF-R1)\nRace 2: (1) Haga (2) Fabrizio (3) Jonathan Rea (Honda CBR1000RR)\nRiders' standings after 6 of 14 rounds: (1) Haga 250 points (2) Fabrizio 165 (3) Spies 162\n\nShooting\nISSF World Cup in Munich, Germany: (Qualification scores in parentheses)\nMen's 50 metre pistol: Vladimir Gontcharov 666.5 (567) Damir Mikec 666.1 (574) Rashid Yunusmetov 664.9 (568)\nWomen's 25 metre pistol: Yuan Jing 793.0 (588) Zhao Xu 789.0 (582) Munkhbayar Dorjsuren 788.4 (589)\nMen's double trap: Joshua Richmond 188 (145) Richard Faulds 187+2 (143) Rashid al-Athba 187+0 (144)\n\nSnooker\nWorld Series of Snooker in Killarney, Ireland\nFinal: Shaun Murphy 5–1 Jimmy White\n\nTennis\nATP Tour and WTA Tour:\nMadrid Masters in Madrid, Spain: (seeding in parentheses)\nMen's final: Roger Federer (2) def. ",
"Rafael Nadal (1) 6–4, 6–4\nFederer wins his first ATP title of the year and stops Nadal's winning streak on clay at 33 matches.",
"\nWomen's final: Dinara Safina (1) def. ",
"Caroline Wozniacki (9) 6–2, 6–4\nSafina wins second tournament in successive weeks after her victory in Rome last week. ",
"Wozniacki reach her first career tier I final.",
"\n\nMay 16, 2009 (Saturday)\n\nAuto racing\nSprint Cup Series:\nNASCAR Sprint All-Star Race XXV in Concord, North Carolina\n(1) Tony Stewart (Stewart Haas Racing) (2) Matt Kenseth (Roush Fenway Racing) (3) Kurt Busch (Penske Championship Racing)\n\nBadminton\nSudirman Cup in Guangzhou, China:\nSemifinals:\n 3–1 \n 3–0 \nChina advance to the final for the seventh consecutive time, and will meet Korea who is the last team that beat them in 2007 Final.",
"\n\nBasketball\nAsia Champions Cup in Jakarta, Indonesia: (teams in bold clinch quarterfinal berths, teams in strike are eliminated)\nGroup A:\nAl-Qadsia 93–98 Smart Gilas\nGilas clinch the group's second best record and the best preliminary round finish by a Filipino team since 1996. ",
"They'll face Al-Arabi in the quarterfinals.",
"\nSangmu 56–90 Mahram\nMahram clinch the top spot in the group to face idle Young Cagers of India.",
"\nGroup B:\nSatria Muda 79–59 Young Cagers\nSatria Muda book the first Indonesian quarterfinal berth since the tournament expanded into three knockout rounds in 2004 to meet Lebanese club Al-Riyadi in the quarterfinals.",
"\nZain 94–62 Al-Arabi\nZain clinch the top spot in the group to face Sangmu in the final eight.",
"\n\nCricket\nWest Indies in England:\n2nd Test in Chester-le-Street, day 3:\n 569/6d (Alastair Cook 160); 94/3. ",
"West Indies trail by 475 runs with 7 wickets remaining in the 1st innings.",
"\n\nCycling\nGiro d'Italia:\nStage 8: (1) Kanstantin Sioutsou (Team Columbia-High Road) 5h 04' 34\" (2) Edvald Boasson Hagen (Team Columbia-High Road) + 21\" (3) Danilo Di Luca (L.P.R. Brakes-Farnese Vini) s.t.",
"\nGeneral classification: (1) Di Luca 33h 13' 35\" (2) Thomas Lövkvist (Team Columbia-High Road) + 13\" (3) Michael Rogers (Team Columbia-High Road) + 44\"\n\nField hockey\nMen's Asia Cup in Kuantan, Malaysia:\nFinal:\n 1–0 \nKorea win the title for the third time and qualify to 2010 World Cup.",
"\nBronze medal match:\n 3–3 . ",
"China win 7–6 in penalty shootout.",
"\n\nFootball (soccer)\nUEFA Women's Cup Finals, first leg:\nZvezda Perm 0–6 Duisburg\nEuropean domestic (national) competitions: (listed by countries alphabetic order; league standings prior to match in parentheses; teams that win titles in bold)\n Belgian First Division, final matchday:\n(8) Genk 0–2 (2) Anderlecht, in progress\n(3) Gent 0–1 (1) Standard Liège, in progress\nAnderlecht and Standard finish the season levelled at the top on 77 points. ",
"According to the league rules, they will meet in 2 legs playoff series to decide the title. ",
"The matches will be played on May 21 and 24. ",
"Both teams qualify to the Champions League, but only the champion will go directly to the group stage. ",
"Club Brugge and Gent finish 3rd and 4th respectively and qualify for Europa League.",
"\n Cypriot Cup Final in Nicosia:\nAPOP Kinyras Peyias 2–0 AEL Limassol\nAPOP Kinyras Peyias win the first ever trophy in their history, and qualify for Europa League.",
"\n English Premier League, matchday 37 of 38:\n(1) Manchester United 0–0 (4) Arsenal\nUnited secure the championship for the third straight year, and equal Liverpool's record of 18 championship titles. ",
"It's United's third title of the season, following FIFA Club World Cup and League Cup, and with Champions League Final still to come.",
"\n French Ligue 1, matchday 36 of 38:\n(2) Bordeaux 3–2 (15) Le Mans\nBordeaux take 3 points lead over Marseille, who would regain the lead on goals difference with a win against 3rd place Lyon on Sunday. ",
"Bordeaux's win also secures them a berth in the Champions League group stage, and ensures that Lyon's record run of consecutive French league titles end at seven.",
"\n German Bundesliga, matchday 33 of 34:\n(11) Hanover 0–5 (1) Wolfsburg\n(7) Hoffenheim 2–2 (2) Bayern Munich\n(3) Hertha Berlin 0–0 (8) Schalke 04\n(4) Stuttgart 2–0 (17) Energie Cottbus\nStandings with one match remaining: Wolfsburg 66 points (goals difference +35), Bayern 64 (+28), Stuttgart 64 (+21), Hertha 63 (+11). ",
"Wolfsburg can secure the championship with a draw at home against Werder Bremen, unless Bayern beat Stuttgart by at least 7 goals margin. ",
"Hertha is out of the title race, but a win in Karlsruhe will give them a berth in the Champions League at the expense of either Bayern or Stuttgart.",
"\n Italian Serie A, matchday 32 of 34:\n(8) Udinese 2–1 (2) Milan\nMilan's loss means their crosstown rival Inter clinch the championship for the fourth straight year, and put the Nerazzurri levelled with the Rossoneri on 17 titles.",
"\n Lithuanian Cup Final in Kaunas:\nTauras Tauragė 0–1 Sūduva\nSūduva win the first ever trophy in their history, and qualify for Europa League.",
"\n Scottish Premier League, matchday 37 of 38:\n(2) Rangers 2–1 (5) Aberdeen\n(3) Hearts 3–0 (4) Dundee United\nRangers take 3 points lead at the top over Celtic, that could regain the lead on goals difference if they beat Hibernian on Sunday. ",
"Hearts secure 3rd place and qualify for Europa League. ",
"Dundee United will also qualify unless they lose to Rangers on May 24 and Aberdeen beat Hibernian.",
"\n Spanish La Liga, matchday 36 of 38:\n(7) Villarreal 3–2 (2) Real Madrid\n(17) Osasuna 0–0 (3) Sevilla\nReal Madrid's loss means Barcelona clinch the championship, and capture the league and cup double, with the Champions League Final still to come on May 27. ",
"Sevilla go 5 points ahead of Valencia and Villarreal.",
"\n Turkish Süper Lig, matchday 32 of 34:\n(18) Hacettepe 1–2 (2) Sivasspor\nSivasspor go to the top, one point ahead of Beşiktaş, who play against Ankaragücü on Sunday.",
"\n Ukrainian League, matchday 28 of 30:\nUEFA Cup Finalist Shakhtar Donetsk secure 2nd place and qualify for the Champions League.",
"\n\nHorse racing\nU.S. Triple Crown:\nPreakness Stakes in Baltimore:\n(1) Rachel Alexandra (2) Mine That Bird (3) Musket Man\nThe favored Rachel Alexandra is the first filly to win the Preakness since 1924. ",
"Calvin Borel, who rode Mine That Bird to victory in the Kentucky Derby, becomes the first jockey ever to win the first two legs of the same year's Triple Crown on two different horses. ",
" With this race, Affirmed will remain the last Triple Crown winner for at least another year.",
"\n\nLacrosse\nNCAA Division I Men's Championship (seeding in parentheses):\nQuarterfinals in Hempstead, New York:\n(2) Syracuse 11, Maryland 6\n(5) Cornell 6, (4) Princeton 4\n\nRugby union\nGuinness Premiership Final in London:\nLeicester Tigers 10–9 London Irish\n\nShooting\nISSF World Cup in Munich, Germany: (Qualification scores in parentheses)\nMen's 10 metre air rifle: Sergy Rikhter 701.7 (599) Péter Sidi 701.5 (597) Zhu Qinan 700.6 (597)\nWomen's 10 metre air rifle: Darya Shytko 502.7 (399) Sonja Pfeilschifter 502.3 (399) Beate Gauss 502.0 (399)\n\nMay 15, 2009 (Friday)\n\nBadminton\nSudirman Cup in Guangzhou, China:\n5th place playoff:\n 3–2 \n7th place playoff:\n 1–3 \nHong Kong is relegated to Group 2 in 2011 Sudirman Cup.",
"\n9th place playoff:\n 3–0 \nThailand is promoted to Group 1 in 2011.",
"\n\nBasketball\nAsia Champions Cup in Jakarta, Indonesia: (teams in bold clinch quarterfinal berths, teams in strike are eliminated)\nGroup A:\nSmart Gilas 91–86 Al-Riyadi\nMahram 120–80 Al-Qadsia\nGroup B:\nAl-Arabi 77–84 Satria Muda\nYoung Cagers 82–76 Al-Wasl\n\nCricket\nWest Indies in England:\n2nd Test in Chester-le-Street, day 2:\nNo play due to rain. ",
"Score remains 302/2.",
"\n\nCycling\nGiro d'Italia:\nStage 7: (1) Edvald Boasson Hagen (Team Columbia-High Road) 5h 56' 53\" (2) Robert Hunter (Barloworld) s.t. (",
"3) Pavel Brutt (Team Katusha) s.t.",
"\nGeneral classification: (1) Danilo Di Luca (L.P.R. Brakes-Farnese Vini) 28h 08' 48\" (2) Thomas Lövkvist (Team Columbia-High Road) + 5\" (3) Michael Rogers (Team Columbia-High Road) + 36\"\n\nField hockey\nMen's Asia Cup in Kuantan, Malaysia:\n5th place playoff:\n 5–1\n\nFootball (soccer)\nEuropean Under-17 Championship in Germany:\nSemi-finals:\n 1–2 in Grimma\n 2–0 in Dessau-Rosslau\n\nLacrosse\nChampion's Cup Final in Calgary, Alberta\nCalgary Roughnecks 12, New York Titans 10\n\nShooting\nISSF World Cup in Munich, Germany: (Qualification scores in parentheses)\nMen's trap: Massimo Fabbrizi 148 (125 EWR) Gao Bo 145+6 (123) Anton Glasnović 145+5 (123)\nIn the qualification round, Fabbrizi equalled the world record with a perfect 125.",
"\n\nMay 14, 2009 (Thursday)\n\nBadminton\nSudirman Cup in Guangzhou, China: (teams in bold advance to the semifinnals)\nGroup 1A:\n 2–3 \nGroup 1B:\n 0–5 \nChina win the group without dropping a match.",
"\n\nBasketball\nNBA Playoffs (seeding in parentheses):\nEastern Conference Semifinals:\nGame 6 in Orlando: (3) Orlando Magic 83, (2) Boston Celtics 75. ",
"Series tied 3–3.",
"\nWestern Conference Semifinals:\nGame 6 in Houston: (5) Houston Rockets 95, (1) Los Angeles Lakers 80. ",
"Series tied 3–3.",
"\nAsia Champions Cup in Jakarta, Indonesia: (teams in bold clinch quarterfinal berths)\nGroup A:\nAl-Qadsia 66–69 Sangmu\nAl-Riyadi 61–87 Mahram\nGroup B:\nSatria Muda 71–84 Zain\nAl-Wasl 79–97 Al-Arabi\n Israeli Super League Playoff:\nQuarterfinals, game 5:\nHapoel Holon 80–87(OT) Hapoel Gilboa/Galil. ",
"Gilboa/Galil win best-of-5 series 3–2.",
"\nGilboa/Galil becomes the first ever team in Israeli playoff history to win game 5 on the road, and will play against Maccabi Tel Aviv in the Final Four semifinal, while Hapoel Jerusalem and Maccabi Haifa meet in the other semifinal.",
"\n\nCricket\nWest Indies in England:\n2nd Test in Chester-le-Street, day 1:\n 302/2 (Alastair Cook 126*, Ravi Bopara 108)\n\nCycling\nGiro d'Italia:\nStage 6: (1) Michele Scarponi (Diquigiovanni-Androni) 5h 49' 55\" (2) Edvald Boasson Hagen (Team Columbia-High Road) + 32\" (3) Allan Davis (Quick Step) s.t.",
"\nGeneral classification: (1) Danilo Di Luca (L.P.R. Brakes-Farnese Vini) 22h 11' 15\" (2) Thomas Lövkvist (Team Columbia-High Road) + 5\" (3) Michael Rogers (Team Columbia-High Road) + 36\"\n\nField hockey\nMen's Asia Cup in Kuantan, Malaysia:\nSemifinals:\n 5–1 \n 4–2 \n5th–7th classification:\n 11–1\n\nFootball (soccer)\nCopa Libertadores Round of 16, first leg:\nDefensor Sporting 2–2 Boca Juniors\nCopa Libertadores Round of 16, second leg: (first leg score in parentheses)\nCruzeiro 1–0 (2–1) Universidad de Chile. ",
"Cruzeiro win 3–1 on aggregate.",
"\nLibertad 0–0 (0–3) Estudiantes. ",
"Estudiantes win 3–0 on aggregate.",
"\n\nIce hockey\nStanley Cup playoffs: (seeding in parentheses)\nEastern Conference Semifinals:\nGame 7 in Boston: (6) Carolina Hurricanes 3, (1) Boston Bruins 2 (OT). ",
"Hurricanes win series 4–3.",
"\nWestern Conference Semifinals:\nGame 7 in Detroit: (2) Detroit Red Wings 4, (8) Anaheim Ducks 3. ",
"Red Wings win series 4–3.",
"\n\nShooting\nISSF World Cup in Munich, Germany: (Qualification scores in parentheses)\nWomen's trap: Irina Laricheva 92 (72) Lu Xingyu 91 (72) Susanne Kiermayer 90 (72)\n\nMay 13, 2009 (Wednesday)\n\nBadminton\nSudirman Cup in Guangzhou, China: (teams in bold advance to the semifinnals; teams in strike will play in relegation playoff)\nGroup 1A:\n 3–2 \nKorea will play against the loser of China vs. Indonesia match in the semifinals on May 16.",
"\nGroup 1B:\n 4–1 \nJapan and Hong Kong will meet on May 15, with the losing team relegating to group 2 in 2011 Sudirman Cup.",
"\n\nBasketball\nNBA Playoffs (seeding in parentheses):\nWestern Conference Semifinals:\nGame 5 in Denver: (2) Denver Nuggets 124, (6) Dallas Mavericks 110. ",
"Nuggets win series 4–1.",
"\nAsia Champions Cup in Jakarta, Indonesia:\nGroup A:\nMahram 98–87 Smart Gilas\nSangmu 86–97 Al-Riyadi\nGroup B:\nAl-Arabi 88–63 Young Cagers\nZain 84–65 Al-Wasl\n\nCycling\nGiro d'Italia:\nStage 5: (1) Denis Menchov (Rabobank) 3h 15' 24\" (2) Danilo Di Luca (L.P.R. Brakes-Farnese Vini) + 2\" (3) Thomas Lövkvist (Team Columbia-High Road) + 5\"\nGeneral classification: (1) Di Luca 16h 20' 44\" (2) Lövkvist + 5\" (3) Michael Rogers (Team Columbia-High Road) + 36\"\n\nFootball (soccer)\nCopa Libertadores Round of 16, second leg: (first leg score in parentheses)\nGrêmio 2–0 (3–1) Universidad San Martín. ",
"Grêmio win 5–1 on aggregate.",
"\nEuropean domestic (national) competitions: (listed in countries alphabetic order)\n Croatian Cup Final, first leg:\nDinamo Zagreb 3–0 Hajduk Split\n English Premier League:\nWigan Athletic 1–2 Manchester United\nUnited's win, thanks to Michael Carrick's goal in the 86th minute, put them on the brink of the championship, with 86 points, 6 ahead of Liverpool. ",
"Only 2 losses for United and 2 wins for Liverpool will deny them the title.",
"\n French Ligue 1, matchday 35 of 38:\nNice 0–2 Marseille\nValenciennes 1–2 Bordeaux\nMarseille and Bordeaux are levelled at the top on 71 points, with 3 matches remaining.",
"\n German Bundesliga, matchday 32 of 34:\nSchalke 04 1–2 Stuttgart\nStuttgart is 2 points from the top in 4th place.",
"\n Italian Cup Final in Rome:\nLazio 1–1 (ET) Sampdoria. ",
"Lazio win 6–5 in penalty shootout.",
"\nLazio win the Cup for the fifth time.",
"\n Scottish Premier League, matchday 36 of 38:\nHibernian 1–1 Rangers\nRangers and Celtic are levelled on 80 points at the top.",
"\n Spanish Cup Final in Valencia:\nAthletic Bilbao 1–4 Barcelona\nBarça win the Cup for a record 25th time, after a break of 11 years, and captures the first leg of a potential treble.",
"\n Turkish Cup Final in İzmir:\nFenerbahçe 2–4 Beşiktaş\nBeşiktaş win the Cup for the 8th time in history, and the 3rd time in 4 years.",
"\n\nIce hockey\nStanley Cup playoffs: (Seeding in parentheses)\nEastern Conference Semifinals:\nGame 7 in Washington: (4) Pittsburgh Penguins 6, (2) Washington Capitals 2. ",
"Penguins win series 4–3.",
"\n\nMay 12, 2009 (Tuesday)\n\nBadminton\nSudirman Cup in Guangzhou, China: (teams in bold advance to the semifinals)\nGroup 1A:\n 1–4 \nDenmark and will battle for another semifinal berth.",
"\nGroup 1B:\n 5–0 \n also advance to the semifinals.",
"\n\nBasketball\nNBA Playoffs (seeding in parentheses):\nEastern Conference Semifinals:\nGame 5 in Boston: (2) Boston Celtics 92, (3) Orlando Magic 88. ",
"Celtics lead series 3–2.",
"\nWestern Conference Semifinals:\nGame 5 in Los Angeles: (1) Los Angeles Lakers 118, (5) Houston Rockets 78. ",
"Lakers lead series 3–2.",
"\nAsia Champions Cup in Jakarta, Indonesia:\nGroup A:\nAl-Riyadi 87–78 Al-Qadsia\nSmart Gilas 90–76 Sangmu\nGroup B:\nAl-Wasl 83–78 Satria Muda\nYoung Cagers 59–90 Zain\n\nCycling\nGiro d'Italia:\nStage 4: (1) Danilo Di Luca (L.P.R. Brakes-Farnese Vini) 4h 15' 04\" (2) Stefano Garzelli (Acqua & Sapone-Caffè Mokambo) s.t. (",
"3) Franco Pellizotti (Liquigas) s.t.",
"\nGeneral Classification: (1) Thomas Lövkvist (Team Columbia-High Road) 13h 05' 28\" (2) Di Luca + 2\" (3) Michael Rogers (Team Columbia-High Road) + 6\"\n\nField hockey\nMen's Asia Cup in Kuantan, Malaysia: (teams in bold advance to the semifinals)\nPool A:\n 9–0 \n 4–1 \nPool B:\n 2–2 \n also advance.",
"\n\nFootball (soccer)\nCONCACAF Champions League Final, second leg: (first leg score in parentheses)\nAtlante 0–0 (2–0) Cruz Azul. ",
"Atlante win 2–0 on aggregate.",
"\nCopa Libertadores Round of 16, second leg: (first leg score in parentheses)\nSport Recife 1–0 (0–1) Palmeiras. ",
"1–1 on aggregate, Palmeiras win 3–1 in penalty shootout.",
"\nCaracas 4–0 (1–2) Deportivo Cuenca. ",
"Caracas win 5–2 on aggregate.",
"\nEuropean domestic (national) competitions: (listed in countries alphabetic order)\n Estonian Cup Final in Tallinn:\nFlora Tallinn 0–0 (ET) Nomme Kalju. ",
"Flora win 4–3 in penalty shootout.",
"\nFlora win the Cup for the second successive year and fourth time in history.",
"\n German Bundesliga, matchday 32 of 34:\nWolfsburg 3–0 Dortmund\nBayern München 3–0 Leverkusen\nKöln 1–2 Hertha Berlin\nWith 2 matches remaining, Wolfsburg and Bayern are levelled at the top on 63 points, one ahead of Hertha.",
"\n Scottish Premier League, matchday 36 of 38:\nCeltic 2–1 Dundee United\nCeltic goes to the top with 80 points, one ahead of Rangers, who play against Hibernian on Wednesday.",
"\n\nIce hockey\nStanley Cup playoffs (seeding in parentheses):\nEastern Conference Semifinals:\nGame 6 in Raleigh: (1) Boston Bruins 4, (6) Carolina Hurricanes 2. ",
"Series tied 3–3.",
"\nWestern Conference Semifinals:\nGame 6 in Anaheim: (8) Anaheim Ducks 2, (2) Detroit Red Wings 1. ",
"Series tied 3–3.",
"\n\nMay 11, 2009 (Monday)\n\nBadminton\nSudirman Cup in Guangzhou, China:\nGroup 1A:\n 4–1 \nGroup 1B:\n 4–1\n\nBasketball\nNBA Playoffs (seeding in parentheses)\nEastern Conference Semifinals:\nGame 4 in Atlanta: (1) Cleveland Cavaliers 84, (4) Atlanta Hawks 74. ",
"Cavaliers win series 4–0.",
"\nThe Cavs advance to the conference final with their 8th consecutive win by double-digit margins, and become the second team in NBA history to sweep the first two series since the first round was expanded to best-of-7 games.",
"\nWestern Conference Semifinals:\nGame 4 in Dallas: (6) Dallas Mavericks 119, (2) Denver Nuggets 117. ",
"Nuggets lead series 3–1.",
"\nThe Mavericks stay alive in the series thanks to 44 points from Dirk Nowitzki, including 19 in the fourth quarter. ",
"Carmelo Anthony scores playoff career-high 41 points for the Nuggets.",
"\n\nCycling\nGiro d'Italia:\nStage 3: (1) Alessandro Petacchi (L.P.R. Brakes-Farnese Vini) 4h 45' 27\" (2) Tyler Farrar (Garmin-Slipstream) s.t. (",
"3) Francesco Gavazzi (Lampre-N.G.C.) s.t.",
"\nGeneral classification: (1) Petacchi 8h 50' 06\" (2) Farrar + 8\" (3) Michael Rogers (Team Columbia-High Road) + 18\"\n\nField hockey\nMen's Asia Cup in Kuantan, Malaysia:\nPool A:\n 2–3 \n 1–7\n\nFootball (soccer)\n Israel women's cup final:\nMaccabi Holon 4–2 (AET) ASA Tel Aviv\nSivan Fahima scores a hat-trick and leads Holon to its seventh consecutive title, after ASA levelled the score in the 11th minute of injury time to send the match to extra time.",
"\n\nIce hockey\nStanley Cup playoffs (seeding in parentheses)\nEastern Conference Semifinals:\nGame 6 in Pittsburgh: (2) Washington Capitals 5, (4) Pittsburgh Penguins 4 (OT). ",
"Series tied 3–3.",
"\nWestern Conference Semifinals:\nGame 6 in Chicago: (4) Chicago Blackhawks 7, (3) Vancouver Canucks 5. ",
"Blackhawks win series 4–2.",
"\n\nMay 10, 2009 (Sunday)\n\nAuto racing\nFormula One:\nSpanish Grand Prix in Barcelona, Spain\n(1) Jenson Button (Brawn–Mercedes) (2) Rubens Barrichello (Brawn-Mercedes) (3) Mark Webber (Red Bull–Renault)\nDrivers standings (after 5 of 17 races): (1) Button 41 points (2) Barrichello 27 (3) Sebastian Vettel (Red Bull-Renault) 23\n\nBadminton\nSudirman Cup in Guangzhou, China:\nGroup 1A:\n 2–3 \n 3–2 \nGroup 1B:\n 4–1 \n 5–0\n\nBasketball\nNBA Playoffs: (Seeding in parentheses)\nEastern Conference Semifinals:\nGame 4 in Orlando: (2) Boston Celtics 95, (3) Orlando Magic 94. ",
"Series tied 2–2.",
"\nGlen Davis converts an open jump shot at the buzzer to tie the series at 2 games apiece.",
"\nWestern Conference Semifinals:\nGame 4 in Houston: (5) Houston Rockets 99, (1) Los Angeles Lakers 87. ",
"Series tied 2–2.",
"\n\nCycling\nGiro d'Italia\nStage 2: (1) Alessandro Petacchi (L.P.R. Brakes-Farnese Vini) 3h 43' 07\" (2) Mark Cavendish (Team Columbia-High Road) s.t. (",
"3) Ben Swift (Team Katusha) s.t.",
"\nGeneral Classification: (1) Cavendish 4h 04' 43\"(2) Mark Renshaw Team Columbia-High Road + 14\" (3) Michael Rogers Team Columbia-High Road + 14\"\n\nField hockey\nMen's Asia Cup in Kuantan, Malaysia: (team in bold advances to the semifinals)\nPool B:\n 2–3\n\nFootball (soccer)\nEuropean domestic (national) competitions: (listed in countries alphabetic order; teams that win titles in bold)\n English Premier League, matchday 36 of 38:\nManchester United 2–0 Manchester City\nUnited, with 3 matches remaining, lead by 3 points over Liverpool who have 2 matches left.",
"\nArsenal 1–4 Chelsea\n3rd place Chelsea secure a berth in the Champions League group stage.",
"\n Italian Serie A, matchday 35 of 38:\nChievo 2–2 Inter\nMilan 1–1 Juventus\nInter lead by 7 points over Milan with 3 matches remaining.",
"\n Dutch Eredivisie, final standings after 34 rounds: (1) AZ Alkmaar 80 points (qualify for Champions League group stage) (2) FC Twente 69 (qualify for Champions League 3rd qualifying round) (3) AFC Ajax 68 (qualify for Europa League) 4. ",
"PSV Eindhoven 65 (Europa League) 5. ",
"SC Heerenveen 60 (Europa League)\n Primeira Liga, matchday 28 of 30:\nPorto 1–0 Nacional\nPorto secure the title for the fourth successive year and qualify for the Champions League group stage. ",
"Runner up Sporting qualify for the Champions League 3rd qualifying round.",
"\n Spanish La Liga, matchday 35 of 38:\nBarcelona 3–3 Villareal\nA goal by Joseba Llorente Etxarri in the 2nd minute of injury time spoils Barcelona's championship party. ",
"Barça lead by 8 points with 3 matches remaining, and need one more point to secure the title.",
"\n Ukrainian Premier League, matchday 27 of 30:\nDynamo Kyiv secure the title with 3 matches remaining and qualify for the Champions League group stage.",
"\n\nGolf\nPGA Tour:\nThe Players Championship in Ponte Vedra Beach, Florida:\nWinner: Henrik Stenson 276 (−12)\nStenson wins his second PGA Tour title and 13th professional tournament.",
"\nEuropean Tour:\nItalian Open in Turin, Italy:\nWinner: Daniel Vancsik 267 (−17)\nVanczik wins his second European Tour title and 9th professional tournament.",
"\nLPGA Tour:\nMichelob ULTRA Open at Kingsmill in Williamsburg, Virginia:\nWinner: Cristie Kerr 268 (−16)\nKerr wins the tournament for the second time and her 12th LPGA Tour title.",
"\n\nIce hockey\nStanley Cup playoffs: (Seeding in parentheses)\nEastern Conference Semifinals:\nGame 5 in Boston: (1) Boston Bruins 4, (6) Carolina Hurricanes 0. ",
"Hurricanes lead series 3–2.",
"\nWestern Conference Semifinals:\nGame 5 in Detroit: (2) Detroit Red Wings 4, (8) Anaheim Ducks 1. ",
"Red Wings lead series 3–2.",
"\nWorld Championship in Berne, Switzerland:\nFinal:\n 2–1 \nBronze medal game:\n 4–2\n\nMotorcycle racing\nSuperbike World Championship:\nMonza Superbike World Championship round in Monza, Italy\nRace 1: (1) Michel Fabrizio (Ducati 1098R) (2) Noriyuki Haga (Ducati 1098R) (3) Ryuichi Kiyonari (Honda CBR1000RR)\nRace 2: (1) Ben Spies (Yamaha YZF-R1) (2) Fabrizio (3) Kiyonari\nRiders' standings after 5 of 14 rounds: (1) Haga 200 points (2) Spies 146 (3) Fabrizio 125\n\nSnooker\nWorld Series of Snooker Grand Final in Portimão, Portugal:\nFinal (best of 11 frames): John Higgins 2–6 Shaun Murphy\n\nTennis\nATP Tour:\nEstoril Open in Estoril, Portugal:\nFinal: Albert Montañés def. ",
" James Blake, 5–7, 7–6(6), 6–0\nMontañés wins his second career title.",
"\nBMW Open in Munich, Germany:\nFinal: Tomáš Berdych def. ",
" Mikhail Youzhny, 6–4, 4–6, 7–6(5)\nBerdych wins his 5th career title.",
"\nSerbia Open in Belgrade, Serbia:\nFinal: Novak Djokovic def. ",
" Łukasz Kubot, 6–3, 7–6(0)\nDjokovic wins his second title of the year and 13th of his career.",
"\n\nMay 9, 2009 (Saturday)\n\nAuto racing\nSprint Cup Series:\nSouthern 500 in Darlington, South Carolina\n(1) Mark Martin (Hendrick Motorsports) (2) Jimmie Johnson (Hendrick Motorsports) (3) Tony Stewart (Stewart Haas Racing)\n Drivers' standings after 11 races: (1) Jeff Gordon 1601 points (2) Stewart −29 (3) Kurt Busch −55\nOther news:\n Driver/owner Jeremy Mayfield is suspended indefinitely under NASCAR's substance abuse policy after a positive drug test following last weekend's race at Richmond. (",
"ESPN)\nIndyCar Series:\n Indianapolis 500 qualifying in Speedway, Indiana\n Hélio Castroneves claims pole position for the third time in his career. ",
"He will be joined on the front row by Ryan Briscoe and Dario Franchitti .",
"\n\nBasketball\nNBA Playoffs (seeding in parentheses):\nEastern Conference Semifinals:\nGame 3 in Atlanta: (1) Cleveland Cavaliers 97, (4) Atlanta Hawks 82. ",
"Cavaliers lead series 3–0.",
"\nLeBron James scores 47 points and grabs 12 rebounds for his fifth double-double game of the playoffs and puts the Cavs within one win of the conference finals after their seventh straight win by a double-digit margin.",
"\nWestern Conference Semifinals:\nGame 3 in Dallas: (2) Denver Nuggets 106, (6) Dallas Mavericks 105. ",
"Nuggets lead series 3–0.",
"\nA three-pointer with a second left by Carmelo Anthony, who scores 31 points, give the Nuggets their first 3–0 series lead in franchise history. ",
"Chauncey Billups leads the Nuggets with 32 points, while Dirk Nowitzki scores 33 for Dallas.",
"\n\nCycling\nGiro d'Italia:\nStage 1 (TTT): (1) Team Columbia-High Road 21' 50\" (2) Garmin-Slipstream + 6\" (3) Astana Team + 13\"\n\nField hockey\nMen's Asia Cup in Kuantan, Malaysia:\nPool A:\n 1–1 \n 5–0 \nPool B:\n 1–1\n\nFootball (soccer)\nEuropean domestic (national) competitions: (listed in countries alphabetic order)\n English Premier League, matchday 36 of 38:\nLiverpool wins 3–0 over West Ham and goes ahead of Manchester United on goal difference. ",
"United can regain 3 points lead if they beat crosstown rival City on Sunday.",
"\n French Cup Final in Saint Denis:\nRennes 1–2 Guingamp\nUnfancied Ligue 2 team Guingamp rallies from a goal down with two strikes by Eduardo to beat Brittany rival Rennes and win its first ever trophy, in the first final since 1956 which features two teams from the same region.",
"\n Scottish Premier League, matchday 35 of 38:\nRangers' 1–0 win over Celtic gives them two points lead over their Old Firm rival, with 3 matches remaining.",
"\n Spanish La Liga, matchday 35 of 38:\nValencia 3–0 Real Madrid\nBarcelona can clinch the title on Sunday with a win over Villareal.",
"\nArab Champions League Final, first leg:\nWydad Casablanca 0–1 Espérance Sportive de Tunis\n\nIce hockey\nStanley Cup playoffs (seeding in parentheses):\nEastern Conference Semifinals:\nGame 5 in Washington: (4) Pittsburgh Penguins 4, (2) Washington Capitals 3 (OT). ",
"Penguins lead series 3–2.",
"\nThe Penguins win third straight game after trailing 0–2 in the series.",
"\nWestern Conference Semifinals:\nGame 5 in Vancouver: (4) Chicago Blackhawks 4, (3) Vancouver Canucks 2. ",
"Blackhawks lead series 3–2.",
"\n\nRugby union\n2011 Rugby World Cup – Europe qualification:\n 26–19 \nIsrael wins its first ever World Cup qualifying match, and will next play against on May 23.",
"\n\nShooting\nISSF World Cup in Cairo, Egypt: (Qualification scores in parentheses)\nMen's skeet: Mykola Milchev 148 (125 EWR) Ennio Falco 147 (123) Marko Kemppainen 146 (122)\nIn the qualification round, 2000 Olympic champion Milchev shot a perfect 125 to equal Vincent Hancock's and Tore Brovold's world record.",
"\n\nTennis\nWTA Tour:\nInternazionali BNL d'Italia in Rome, Italy:\nFinal: Dinara Safina def. ",
" Svetlana Kuznetsova, 6–3, 6–2\nSafina avenges her loss to Kuznetsova in the final at Stuttgart last week for her 10th career title and the first since last September.",
"\nEstoril Open in Estoril, Portugal\nFinal: Yanina Wickmayer def. ",
" Ekaterina Makarova, 7–5, 6–2\nWickmayer wins her first WTA Tour title.",
"\n\nMay 8, 2009 (Friday)\n\nAuto racing\nNationwide Series:\nDiamond Hill Plywood 200 in Darlington, South Carolina:\n(1) Matt Kenseth (Roush Fenway Racing) (2) Jason Leffler (Braun Racing) (3) Carl Edwards (Roush Fenway Racing)\n\nBaseball\nMajor League Baseball\nThe Arizona Diamondbacks make the first managerial change of the season, firing Bob Melvin and replacing him with A.J. Hinch.",
"\n\nBasketball\nNBA Playoffs (seeding in parentheses)\nEastern Conference Semifinals:\nGame 3 in Orlando: (3) Orlando Magic 117, (2) Boston Celtics 96. ",
"Magic lead series 2–1.",
"\nWestern Conference Semifinals:\nGame 3 in Houston: (1) Los Angeles Lakers 108, (5) Houston Rockets 94. ",
"Lakers lead series 2–1.",
"\n\nCricket\nWest Indies in England:\n1st Test in Lord's, London, day 3:\n 377 and 32/0; 152 and 256 (f/o). ",
"England win by 10 wickets, lead 2-match series 1–0.",
"\n\nIce hockey\nStanley Cup playoffs (seeding in parentheses):\nEastern Conference Semifinals:\nGame 4 in Raleigh: (6) Carolina Hurricanes 4, (1) Boston Bruins 1. ",
"Hurricanes lead series 3–1.",
"\nGame 4 in Pittsburgh: (4) Pittsburgh Penguins 5, (2) Washington Capitals 3. ",
"Series tied 2–2.",
"\nWorld Championship in Berne, Switzerland:\nSemifinals:\n 3–2 \n 3–1 \nCanada and Russia will meet in a repeat of last year's final on May 10.",
"\n\nShooting\nISSF World Cup in Cairo, Egypt: (Qualification scores in parentheses)\nWomen's skeet: Danka Barteková 97+2 (72) Sutiya Jiewchaloemmit 97+1 (74 EWR) Connie Smotek 95 (70)\nIn the qualification round, Thailand's Jiewchaloemmit equalled the world record, hitting 74 of 75 targets.",
"\n\nWater polo\nWorld League:\nPreliminary round, Europe group C, matchday 5 of 6:\n –\n\nMay 7, 2009 (Thursday)\n\nBaseball\nMajor League Baseball news:\n Los Angeles Dodgers slugger Manny Ramirez is suspended for 50 games for violation of MLB's drug policy. ",
"ESPN reports that Ramirez tested positive for artificial testosterone and human chorionic gonadotropin. (",
"ESPN)\n\nBasketball\nNBA Playoffs (seeding in parentheses):\nEastern Conference Semifinals:\nGame 2 in Cleveland: (1) Cleveland Cavaliers 105, (4) Atlanta Hawks 85. ",
"Cavaliers lead series 2–0.",
"\n\nCricket\nWest Indies in England:\n1st Test in Lord's, London, day 2:\n 377 (Ravi Bopara 143) ; 152 and 39/2 (f/o). ",
"West Indies trail by 186 runs with 8 wickets remaining.",
"\nAustralia vs Pakistan in UAE:\nTwenty20 in Dubai:\n 108 (19.5 overs); 109/3. ",
"Pakistan win by 7 wickets.",
"\n\nFootball (soccer)\nUEFA Cup Semifinals, second leg: (first leg result in parentheses)\nShakhtar Donetsk 2–1 (1–1) Dynamo Kyiv. ",
"Donetsk win 3–2 on aggregate.",
"\nShakhtar Donetsk reach the first European final in its history.",
"\nHamburg 2–3 (1–0) Werder Bremen. ",
"Aggregate score 3–3. ",
"Bremen win on away goals.",
"\nBremen, winner of the now-defunct UEFA Cup Winners' Cup in 1992, reach a European final for the second time.",
"\nCopa Libertadores Round of 16, first leg:\nDeportivo Cuenca 2–1 Caracas\nEstudiantes 3–0 Libertad\nUniversidad de Chile 1–2 Cruzeiro\n\nIce hockey\nStanley Cup playoffs (seeding in parentheses):\nWestern Conference Semifinals:\nGame 4 in Chicago: (4) Chicago Blackhawks 2, (3) Vancouver Canucks 1 (OT). ",
"Series tied 2–2.",
"\nGame 4 in Anaheim: (2) Detroit Red Wings 6, (8) Anaheim Ducks 3. ",
"Series tied 2–2.",
"\nWorld Championship in Berne, Switzerland:\nQuarterfinals:\n 4–2 \n 3–1 \nCanada and Sweden will meet in the semifinals on May 8.",
"\n\nTennis\nNews:\n The father of Serbian-Australian player Jelena Dokić is arrested in Serbia for an alleged bomb threat against the Australian ambassador to Serbia, not long after his daughter told an Australian magazine that he had physically abused her during her early days on the tennis circuit. (",
"The Times)\n\nMay 6, 2009 (Wednesday)\n\nBasketball\nNBA Playoffs: (Seeding in parentheses)\nEastern Conference Semifinals:\nGame 2 in Boston: (2) Boston Celtics 112, (3) Orlando Magic 94. ",
"Series tied 1–1.",
"\nRajon Rondo scores a triple-double (15 points, 18 assists, 11 rebounds) for the third time this postseason, the first NBA player since Jason Kidd in 2002 and the second Celtics player beside Larry Bird to do so. ",
"The Celtics also get a playoff career-high 31 points from Eddie House, while Dwight Howard and Rashard Lewis both score double-doubles for the Magic, who never led in the game.",
"\nWestern Conference Semifinals:\nGame 2 in Los Angeles: (1) Los Angeles Lakers 111, (5) Houston Rockets 98. ",
"Series tied 1–1.",
"\nKobe Bryant scores 40 points for the Lakers, his seventh 40-point playoff game. ",
"The Lakers' Derek Fisher and Rockets' Ron Artest, who leads his team with 25 points, are both ejected and five technical fouls are called.",
"\n\nCollege sports\n News:\n Six former University of Toledo athletes, three each from the school's football and basketball programs, are indicted in federal court in Detroit on charges related to an alleged point shaving scheme. (",
"ESPN)\n\nCricket\nWest Indies in England:\n1st Test in Lord's, London, day 1:\n 289/7 (Ravi Bopara 118*)\n\nFootball (soccer)\nUEFA Champions League Semifinals, second leg: (first leg result in parentheses)\nChelsea 1–1 (0–0) Barcelona. ",
"Aggregate score 1–1. ",
"Barcelona win on away goals.",
"\nChelsea lead by Michael Essien's goal in the 9th minute, until 3 minutes into injury time, when Andrés Iniesta scores from 20 meters to lift Barça to the final against Manchester United.",
"\nCopa Libertadores Round of 16, first leg:\nUniversidad San Martín 1–3 Grêmio\nAFC Champions League group stage, matchday 5: (teams in bold advance to the round of 16, teams in strike are eliminated)\nGroup A:\nSaba Battery 0–1 Al-HilalPakhtakor Tashkent 2–0 Al-Ahli\nGroup B:Al-Shabab 1–0 Al-GharafaPersepolis also advance as a result of Al-Gharafa's loss.",
"\nGroup E:Nagoya Grampus 4–1 Ulsan Hyundai Horang-i\nNewcastle United Jets 2–1 Beijing Guoan\nGroup F:\nShandong Luneng 0–1 Gamba OsakaIce hockey\nStanley Cup playoffs: (Seeding in parentheses)\nEastern Conference Semifinals:\nGame 3 in Pittsburgh: (4) Pittsburgh Penguins 3, (2) Washington Capitals 2 (OT). ",
"Capitals lead series 2–1.Game 3 in Raleigh: (6) Carolina Hurricanes 3, (1) Boston Bruins 2 (OT). ",
"Hurricanes lead series 2–1.World Championship in Berne, Switzerland:\nQuarterfinals: 4–3 \n 2–3 Russia and USA will meet in the semi-finals on May 8.",
"\n\nShooting\nISSF World Cup in Cairo, Egypt: (Qualification scores in parentheses)\nMen's double trap: Francesco D'Aniello 185 (140) Rashid al-Athba 183 (139) Roland Gerebics 182 (136)\n\nMay 5, 2009 (Tuesday)\n\nBasketball\nNBA Playoffs: (Seeding in parentheses)\nEastern Conference Semifinals:\nGame 1 in Cleveland: (1) Cleveland Cavaliers 99, (4) Atlanta Hawks 72. ",
"Cavaliers lead series 1–0.Western Conference Semifinals:\nGame 2 in Denver: (2) Denver Nuggets 117, (6) Dallas Mavericks 105. ",
"Nuggets lead series 2–0. ",
"Other news:\n Hall of Famer and former Detroit Pistons player Dave Bing will serve the remainder of former Detroit mayor Kwame Kilpatrick's term after winning a special election. (",
"ESPN)\n\nFootball (soccer)\nUEFA Champions League Semifinals, second leg: (first leg result in parentheses)\nArsenal 1–3 (0–1) Manchester United. ",
"Manchester United win 4–1 on aggregateManchester United are the first defending champions to reach the final since Juventus in 1997. ",
"If they win the final, United will become the first champion to defend its title since A.C. Milan in 1990.",
"\nCopa Libertadores Round of 16, first leg:\nPalmeiras 1–0 Sport Recife\nAFC Champions League group stage, matchday 5: (teams in bold advance to the round of 16, teams in strike are eliminated)\nGroup C:\nEsteghlal 1–1 Al-IttihadUmm-Salal 2–2 Al-Jazira\nGroup D:\nAl-Shabab Al-Arabi 2–1 SepahanAl-Ettifaq 4–0 Bunyodkor\nGroup F:\nSeoul 5–1 Sriwijaya\nGroup G:Kashima Antlers 3–0 Suwon Bluewings\nSingapore Armed Forces 1–1 Shanghai Shenhua\nGroup H:Pohang Steelers 3–2 Central Coast Mariners\nTianjin Teda 3–1 Kawasaki FrontaleIce hockey\nStanley Cup playoffs: (Seeding in parentheses)\nWestern Conference Semifinals:\nGame 3 in Anaheim: (8) Anaheim Ducks 2, (2) Detroit Red Wings 1. ",
"Ducks lead series 2–1.Game 3 in Chicago: (3) Vancouver Canucks 3, (4) Chicago Blackhawks 1. ",
"Canucks lead series 2–1.NHL news:\n The Phoenix Coyotes file for Chapter 11 bankruptcy in federal court. ",
"Research In Motion CEO Jim Balsillie offers to buy the Coyotes for US$212.5 million and move the team to Hamilton, returning it to Canada 13 years after the franchise left Winnipeg. (",
"ESPN)\n\nTable Tennis\nWorld Championships in Yokohama, Japan: (seeding in parentheses)\nMen singles final: Wang Hao (1) bt Wang Liqin (5) 4–0 (11–9, 13–11, 11–5, 11–9)\nWomen singles final: Zhang Yining (1) bt Guo Yue (2) 4–2 (10–12, 3–11, 11–2, 11–7, 11–7, 11–9)\n\nWater polo\nWorld League:\nPreliminary round, Europe group A, matchday 5:\n 9–12 \n France is eliminated.",
"\nPreliminary round, Europe group B:\n 9–11 Romania is eliminated. ",
"Italy receives the group's place in the Super Final, as Montenegro was automatically qualified as the host.",
"\nPreliminary round, Europe group C:\n 5–11 Croatia clinches the group's qualifying place.",
"\n\nMay 4, 2009 (Monday)\n\nBasketball\nNBA Playoffs: (Seeding in parentheses)\nEastern Conference Semifinals:\nGame 1 in Boston: (3) Orlando Magic 95, (2) Boston Celtics 90. ",
"Magic lead series 1–0.Western Conference Semifinals:\nGame 1 in Los Angeles: (5) Houston Rockets 100, (1) Los Angeles Lakers 92. ",
"Rockets lead series 1–0.NBA awards:\nNBA Most Valuable Player: LeBron James, Cleveland Cavaliers\n\nFootball (soccer)\n FA Women's Cup Final in Derby, England:Arsenal 2–1 Sunderland\nArsenal win the FA Women's Cup for the fourth successive year and a record tenth time.",
"\n Welsh Cup Final in Llanelli:\nAberystwyth Town 0–2 Bangor CityBangor wins the Cup for the second consecutive year and the sixth time in its history.",
"\n\nIce hockey\nStanley Cup playoffs: (Seeding in parentheses)\nEastern Conference Semifinals:\nGame 2 in Washington: (2) Washington Capitals 4, (4) Pittsburgh Penguins 3. ",
"Capitals lead series 2–0.The Capitals' Alex Ovechkin and the Penguins' Sidney Crosby both score hat tricks.",
"\nWorld Championship in Berne and Kloten, Switzerland: (teams in bold advance to the quarterfinals, teams in strike are eliminated)\nGroup E: 6–3 \nSweden secure 2nd place in the group, and will play against the Czech Republic in the quarterfinal. ",
"3–4 (OT) \nThe result gives Latvia a quarterfinal berth, while Switzerland is eliminated. ",
"The United States take third place in the group, with Latvia in fourth place.",
"\nFinal standings: Russia 14 points, Sweden 10, USA 8, Latvia 7, Switzerland 6, France 0.",
"\nGroup F:\n 3–2 (OT) 3–4 (SO) Canada earns the top spot in the group by forcing overtime, and will play against Latvia in the quarterfinal. ",
"Finland finish second and will meet USA.",
"\nFinal standings: Canada 13 points, Finland 11, Czech Republic 9, Belarus 6, Slovakia 4, Norway 2.",
"\nRelegation Round: (teams in bold stay in top division, teams in strike are relegated to Division I)\n 1–2 5–2 \nFinal standings: Denmark 9 points, Austria 6, Germany 3, Hungary 0.",
"\nDenmark rallies from 2 goals down to win the game, and secure a place in the top Division next year as the group winner, along with the host Germany, while Austria and Hungary will play in Division I in 2010. ",
"Italy and Kazakhstan won promotion from Division I and will play in the top division next year.",
"\n\nShooting\nISSF World Cup in Cairo, Egypt: (Qualification scores in parentheses)\nMen's trap: Ryan Hadden 139+3 (116) Jesús Serrano 139+2 (118) Khaled Almudhaf 137 (118)\n\nSnooker\nWorld Snooker Championship in Sheffield, England: (seeding in parentheses)\nFinal (best-of-35 frames): (5) John Higgins 18–9 (3) Shaun Murphy \nHiggins wins his third World Championship title.",
"\n\nTable tennis\nWorld Championships in Yokohama, Japan: (seeding in parentheses)\nMen's doubles final: Chen Qi/Wang Hao (1) bt Ma Long/Xu Xin (2) 4–1 (6–11, 13–11, 13–11, 11–5, 11–9)\nWomen's doubles final: Guo Yue/Li Xiaoxia (1) bt Ding Ning/Guo Yan 4–1 (11–8, 12–10, 11–4, 3–11, 11–7)\nChina is guaranteed a clean sweep of all titles, as the men and women singles finals on May 5 will also be all-Chinese matches.",
"\n\nMay 3, 2009 (Sunday)\n\nAuto racing\nV8 Supercars:\nWinton in Benalla, Victoria\nRound 6: (1) Craig Lowndes (2) Mark Winterbottom (3) Garth Tander \nStandings (after 6 of 26 races): (1) Jamie Whincup 804 points (2) Will Davison 690 (3) Steven Johnson 573\nA1 Grand Prix:\nGrand Prix of Nations, Great Britain in Kent, United Kingdom\nSprint race: (1) Ireland (Adam Carroll) (2) India (Narain Karthikeyan) (3) Mexico (Salvador Durán)\nFeature race: (1) Ireland (2) Netherlands (Robert Doornbos) (3) Switzerland (Neel Jani)\nFinal Standings: (1) Ireland 112 points (2) Switzerland 95 (3) Portugal 92\nWorld Touring Car Championship:\nRace of Morocco in Marrakech, Morocco\nRace 1: (1) Robert Huff (2) Gabriele Tarquini (3) Jordi Gené \nRace 2: (1) Nicola Larini (2) Yvan Muller (3) Huff\nStandings (after 6 of 24 races): (1) Muller 43 points (2) Tarquini 31 (3) Rickard Rydell 30\nFIA GT Championship:\nRAC Tourist Trophy in Silverstone, United Kingdom\n(1) Karl Wendlinger & Ryan Sharp (2) Michael Bartels & Andrea Bertolini (3) Guillaume Moreau & Xavier Maassen \n\nBasketball\nNBA Playoffs: (Seeding in parentheses)\nFirst Round:\nGame 7 in Atlanta: (4) Atlanta Hawks 91, (5) Miami Heat 78. ",
"Hawks win series 4–3.",
"\nThe Hawks will play against the top-seeded Cleveland Cavaliers in the Conference Semifinals.",
"\nWestern Conference Semifinals:\nGame 1 in Denver: (2) Denver Nuggets 109, (6) Dallas Mavericks 95. ",
"Nuggets lead series 1–0.",
"\nEuroleague Final Four in Berlin, Germany:\nFinal: Panathinaikos 73–71 CSKA Moscow\nPanathinaikos survive CSKA rally after leading by 23 points, to win its fifth European title. ",
"Head coach Željko Obradović wins the trophy for a record 7th time.",
"\n3rd place playoff: Olympiacos Piraeus 79–95 Regal FC BarcelonaCricket\nAustralia vs Pakistan in UAE:\n5th ODI in Abu Dhabi:\n 250/4 (50 ov, Shane Watson 116*); 254/3 (47 ov, Kamran Akmal 116*). ",
"Pakistan win by 7 wickets, Australia win 5-match series 3–2.",
"\n\nCycling\nUCI ProTour:\nTour de Romandie:\nStage 5: (1) Óscar Freire (Rabobank) 3h29min 49sec (2) Tyler Farrar (Garmin-Slipstream) s.t. (",
"3) Koldo Fernández (Euskaltel-Euskadi) s.t.",
"\nFinal General classification: (1) Roman Kreuziger (Liquigas) 14h20min 14sec (2) Vladimir Karpets (Team Katusha) at 0:18 (3) Rein Taaramäe (Cofidis)\n\nFootball (soccer)\nOFC Champions League Final, second leg: (first leg result in parentheses)Auckland 2–2 (7–2) Koloale\nAuckland win 9–4 on aggregate for its second title and 4th successive title for New Zealand teams.",
"\nCAF Champions League Second Round, second leg: (First leg score in parentheses, winners advance to the group stage, losers go to CAF Confederation Cup)Al-Hilal 2–0 (1–3) Primeiro de Agosto\nAl-Hilal win on away goals rule.",
"Monomotapa United 2–0 (0–1) ASEC Mimosas\n Brazilian football:\nRio de Janeiro Championship, second leg: (first leg result in parentheses)Flamengo 2–2 (2–2) Botafogo. ",
"4–4 on aggregate, Flamengo win 4–2 in penalty shootout.",
"\nSão Paulo Championship, second leg: (first leg result in parentheses)Corinthians 1–1 (3–1) Santos. ",
"Corinthians win 4–2 on aggregate.",
"\n\nGolf\nPGA Tour:\nQuail Hollow Championship in Charlotte, North Carolina\nWinner: Sean O'Hair 277 (−11)\nEuropean Tour:\nOpen de España in Girona, Spain\nWinner: Thomas Levet 270 (−18)\n\nIce hockey\nStanley Cup playoffs: (Seeding in parentheses)\nEastern Conference Semifinals:\nGame 2 in Boston: (6) Carolina Hurricanes 3, (1) Boston Bruins 0. ",
"Series tied 1–1.Western Conference Semifinals:\nGame 2 in Detroit: (8) Anaheim Ducks 4, (2) Detroit Red Wings 3 (3OT). ",
"Series tied 1–1.",
"\nWorld Championship in Berne and Kloten, Switzerland: (teams in bold advance to the quarterfinals, teams in strike are eliminated)\nGroup E:\n 1–4 6–1 \nGroup F:\n 1–5 0–3 Czech Republic finish in 3rd place, Belarus in 4th. ",
"Canada will finish in 1st place unless they lose to Finland in regulation time, otherwise the Finns will top the group.",
"\nRelegation Round: (teams in bold stay in top division, teams in strike are relegated to Division I)\n 1–5 0–1 \nGermany will play in top Division in 2010 because they host the tournament. ",
"Austria and Denmark will battle for the last spot on May 4.",
"\n\nMotorcycle racing\nMoto GP:\nSpanish motorcycle Grand Prix in Jerez de la Frontera, Spain\n(1) Valentino Rossi (2) Dani Pedrosa (3) Casey Stoner \nRiders' standings after 3 of 17 races: (1) Rossi 65 points (2) Stoner 54 (3) Jorge Lorenzo & Pedrosa 41\n\nRugby union\nHeineken Cup Semi-finals:\nCardiff Blues 26–26 (aet) Leicester Tigers in Cardiff—Leicester win 7–6 on goal kicks\n\nShooting\nISSF World Cup in Cairo, Egypt: (Qualification scores in parentheses)\nWomen's trap: Daniela Del Din 89 (70) Jessica Rossi 86 (70) Rachael Lynn Heiden 81 (66)\n\nTable Tennis\nWorld Championships in Yokohama, Japan: (seeding in parentheses)\nMixed doubles final: Li Ping/Cao Zhen (20) bt Zhang Jike/Mu Zi (27) 4–2 (11–6, 4–11, 11–7, 9–11, 13–11, 11–8)\n\nTennis\nATP Tour:\nInternazionali BNL d'Italia in Rome, Italy:\nFinal: Rafael Nadal def. ",
" Novak Djokovic 7–6(2), 6–2\nNadal wins in Rome for the 4th time in 5 years, and his 3rd title in consecutive weeks. ",
"He also extends his winning streak on clay to 29 matches, and takes sole possession of 2nd place in career ATP Masters 1000 titles with 15 trophies, 2 less than Andre Agassi.",
"\nWTA Tour:\nPorsche Tennis Grand Prix in Stuttgart, Germany\nFinal: Svetlana Kuznetsova def. ",
" Dinara Safina, 6–4, 6–3\nKuznetsova wins her 10th career WTA Tour title and first since August 2007, ending a streak of 6 losses in finals.",
"\n\nMay 2, 2009 (Saturday)\n\nAmerican football\nNFL news:\n The roof of the Dallas Cowboys' practice facility in Irving, Texas collapses due to high winds. ",
"Twelve people are injured, including a scouting assistant who is paralyzed. (",
"ESPN)\n\nAuto racing\nSprint Cup Series:\nCrown Royal Presents the Russell Friedman 400 in Richmond, Virginia\n(1) Kyle Busch (Joe Gibbs Racing) (2) Tony Stewart (Stewart Haas Racing) (3) Jeff Burton (Richard Childress Racing)\n Drivers' standings after 10 races: (1) Jeff Gordon 1441 points (2) Kurt Busch −10 (3) Stewart −39\nV8 Supercars:\nWinton in Benalla, Victoria\nRound 5: (1) Craig Lowndes (2) Jamie Whincup (3) Steven Richards \nStandings (after 5 of 26 races): (1) Whincup 738 points (2) Will Davison 579 (3) Lee Holdsworth 534\n\nBasketball\nNBA Playoffs First Round: (Seeding in parentheses)\nGame 7 in Boston: (2) Boston Celtics 109, (7) Chicago Bulls 99. ",
"Celtics win series 4–3.The defending champion will next play against the Orlando Magic in the Conference semifinals, starting in Boston on May 4.",
"\n\nBoxing\nRicky Hatton vs. Manny Pacquiao in Las Vegas: TV bouts:\n Manny Pacquiao KOs Ricky Hatton in the 2nd round to win the IBO and The Ring light welterweight championships.",
"\nHatton was knocked down thrice before the referee stopped the fight.",
"\n Humberto Soto TKOs Benoit Gaudet in the 9th round to retain his WBC middleweight championship.",
"\n Daniel Jacobs def. ",
" Michael Walker via unanimous decision\n Matt Korobov TKOs Anthony Bartinelli\n Erislandy Lara def. ",
" Chris Gray via unanimous decision\nNews:\nFloyd Mayweather, Jr., who had retired undefeated in 2007 after defeating Hatton, announces he is coming out of retirement.",
"\n\nCycling\nUCI ProTour:\nTour de Romandie:\nStage 4: (1) Roman Kreuziger (Liquigas) 4h11min 44sec (2) Rein Taaramäe (Cofidis) s.t. (",
"3) Vladimir Karpets (Team Katusha) 0:07\nGeneral classification: (1) Kreuziger 10h50:25 (2) Karpets 0:18 (3) Taaramae 0:25\n\nFootball (soccer)\nCAF Champions League Second Round, second leg: (First leg score in parentheses, winners advance to the group stage, losers go to CAF Confederation Cup)\nAl Ahly 2–2 (1–1) Kano PillarsKano Pillars win on away goals and knock out the defending champion.",
"\nCotonsport 1–1 (1–2) HeartlandLast year's runner up is also eliminated by a Nigerian team.",
"Étoile Sportive du Sahel 2–0 (0–0) Al Ahly Tripoli\nThe 2007 champion is through to the last 8, a year after being ousted at this stage.",
"ZESCO United 2–1 (0–0) Djoliba AC\nZESCO is the first ever Zambian team that reaches the group stage.",
"\nIttihad Khemisset 0–0 (0–1) TP MazembeAl-Merreikh 1–1 (1–0) Kampala City Council\n Greek Cup Final in Athens:\nAEK Athens 4–4 (AET) Olympiacos. ",
"Olimpiacos win 15–14 in penalty shootout\n17 penalties for each team are required to decide the match. ",
"Olympiacos win the Cup for the 24th time and completes a league and cup double for the 4th time in 5 years.",
"\n El Clásico in Madrid:\nReal Madrid 2–6 Barcelona\nBarcelona score 6 goals in the Bernabéu for the first time in the rivalry's history, and extend their lead in La Liga to 7 points with 4 matches remaining.",
"\n\nHorse racing\n English Triple Crown\n 2,000 Guineas Stakes in Newmarket: (1) Sea The Stars (2) Delegator (3) Gan Amhras\n U.S. Triple Crown\n Kentucky Derby in Louisville, Kentucky: (1) Mine That Bird (2) Pioneerof the Nile (3) Musket Man\n Mine That Bird is the biggest longshot to win the Derby since 1913.",
"\n\nIce hockey\nStanley Cup playoffs: (Seeding in parentheses)\nEastern Conference Semifinals:\nGame 1 in Washington: (2) Washington Capitals 3, (4) Pittsburgh Penguins 2. ",
"Capitals lead series 1–0.",
"\nWestern Conference Semifinals:\nGame 2 in Vancouver: (4) Chicago Blackhawks 6, (3) Vancouver Canucks 3. ",
"Series tied 1–1.",
"\nWorld Championship in Berne and Kloten, Switzerland: (teams in bold advance to the quarterfinals, teams in strike are eliminated)\nGroup E:\n 1–7 4–1 \nRussia secures first place in the group.",
"\nGroup F:\n 8–0 1–2 (SO) \n\nRugby union\nHeineken Cup Semi-finals:\nMunster 6–25 Leinster in Dublin\nLeinster score three tries to Munster's none and eliminate the reigning champions, in a match watched by a crowd of 82,208, the largest ever to witness a club rugby match.",
"\n\nTennis\nWTA Tour:\nGrand Prix SAR La Princesse Lalla Meryem in Fes, Morocco:\nFinal: Anabel Medina Garrigues def. ",
" Ekaterina Makarova, 6–0, 6–1\n\nMay 1, 2009 (Friday)\n\nAuto racing\nNationwide Series:\nLipton Tea 250 in Richmond, Virginia\n(1) Kyle Busch (Roush Fenway Racing) (2) Carl Edwards (Roush Fenway Racing) (3) Matt Kenseth (Roush Fenway Racing)\n\nBasketball\nNBA Playoffs First Round (seeding in parentheses):\nGame 6 in Miami: (5) Miami Heat 98, (4) Atlanta Hawks 72. ",
"Series tied 3–3.Dwyane Wade leads the Heat to a blowout win with 41 points, and sends the series to a deciding game on May 3.",
"\nEuroleague Final Four in Berlin, Germany:\nSemifinals:\nRegal FC Barcelona 78–82 CSKA MoscowOlympiacos Piraeus 82–84 PanathinaikosThe last two champions, CSKA and Panathinaikos, will meet in a rematch of the final two years ago, won by Pana.",
"\n\nCricket\nAustralia vs Pakistan in UAE:\n4th ODI in Abu Dhabi:\n 197 (48.4 overs); 200/2 (44.2 overs, Michael Clarke 100*). ",
"Australia win by 8 wickets, and takes unassailable 3–1 lead in 5-match series.",
"\n\nCycling\nUCI ProTour:\nTour de Romandie:\nStage 3 (TTT): (1) 18' 37\" (2) + 10\" (3) + 16\"\nGeneral Classification after Stage 3: (1) František Raboň () 6h 38' 17\" (2) Lars Bak () + 1\" (3) Tony Martin () + 8\"\n\nIce hockey\nStanley Cup playoffs: (Seeding in parentheses)\nEastern Conference Semifinals:\nGame 1 in Boston: (1) Boston Bruins 4, (6) Carolina Hurricanes 1. ",
"Bruins lead series 1–0.",
"\nWestern Conference Semifinals:\nGame 1 in Detroit: (2) Detroit Red Wings 3, (8) Anaheim Ducks 2. ",
"Red Wings lead series 1–0.",
"\nNicklas Lidström scores the game-winning goal for the Wings, his second goal of the game, with 49 seconds remaining.",
"\nWorld Championship in Berne and Kloten, Switzerland: (Teams in bold advance to the quarterfinals)\nGroup E:\n 6–2 \nThis result secures Russia's place in the quarterfinals.",
"\nGroup F:''' 2–1 (OT) \nRelegation Round:\n 1–3 \n 6–0\n\nReferences\n\n*5"
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[
"\n\nThe Death of Adventure Games - hnal943\nhttp://www.oldmanmurray.com/features/77.html\n\n======\npmcginn\nOh, wow. ",
"OMM, talk about memories (the linked article is from 2000.) ",
"Among\nother things Chet and Erik were famous for the Time To Crate system of\nreviewing games by how long it took from starting the game until you saw a\ncrate. ",
"Since this was the late 90s/early 2ks, it was generally zero seconds.",
"\nThis was in comparison to real life, where I frequently go years at a time\nwithout seeing a single crate, but then again, I am not a genius game\ndesigner.",
"\n\n~~~\nbonzoesc\nChet and Eric got jobs at Valve, where they helped design a game that has an\ninanimate crate as one of its most memorable characters.",
"\n\n~~~\nStormbringer\nThe companion crate?",
"\n\n------\nzavulon\nI think the iOS platform is helping the revival of adventure games. ",
"Just the\nones I've personally played on the iPhone over the last couple of years:\n\n\\- Monkey Island 1 & 2 Special Edition (remastered graphics)\n\n\\- Broken Sword special edition\n\n\\- Hector: Badge of Carnage: EXCELLENT original game (if somewhat short)\n\n\\- Flight of the Amazon Queen\n\n\\- Beneath the Steel Sky\n\n\\- Gobliins\n\nI'm sure I'm missing something... There's also some games that are available\non the iPad only, and I think the trend is there: adventure games are coming\nback.",
"\n\n~~~\njestar_jokin\nActually, I would say this is more thanks to ScummVM (an open source re-\nimplementation of many adventure game engines), as well as the people who\nported it to iOS. ",
"The last three games listed probably use ScummVM without\nmodification (citation needed), and I would be surprised if the Broken Sword\nand Monkey Island remakes were not heavily inspired by the efforts of ScummVM\nto revitalize interest in the games.",
"\n\n~~~\npyre\nI thought that ScummVM was GPL. ",
"Doesn't that run against Apple's rules? ",
"Wasn't\nthere a case of a 3rd-party dev team in Europe embedding ScummVM into a Wii\ngame for EA (or some large name) and it had to get pulled due to Nintendo's\nlicensing rules (which conflicted with the GPL).",
"\n\n~~~\nzavulon\nApple wouldn't allow a ScummVM app into the app store (that it would play any\nScummVM game), but games made on ScummVM platform are ok.",
"\n\n~~~\npyre\nI thought it was a matter of licensing, not a matter of 'something that can\nrun code.'",
"\n\n------\nsawyer\nHahaha, beautiful article. ",
"I'd love to see someone attempt to secure cat hair\nto their face with maple syrup.",
"\n\nHaving to jump through hoops like forging a mustache onto someone's passport\nbefore applying a fake mustache yourself in order to impersonate said person\nis the reason sites like gamefaqs.com exist.",
"\n\nAnother stunning realization is that after deciphering that web of absurdity\nsomeone took the time to write it down in a guide instead of just shutting the\nprogram down, ejecting the disc, dousing it in gasoline, and lighting it on\nfire.",
"\n\n------\nDilpil\nDecent graphics are murder for adventure games. ",
"With some of the oldest\nadventure games, there were only a few places you could plausibly click on and\nsee a result. ",
"Hunting for the interactable object in a 3D textured and\nshadered world is less intuitive.",
"\n\n~~~\nDylanlacey\nCel shading gets around this problem somewhat, and also, IMO make the game\n\"Feel\" more like an adventure game.",
"\n\nWhat shits ME about modern adventure games is when they decide that\ninteractive objects need to be shiny.",
"\n\n~~~\nQz\nAn adventure game in the Borderlands art-style (and perhaps the world) would\nbe pretty fantastic.",
"\n\n------\npeng\nSyberia I & II, The Longest Journey/Dreamfall are a couple of amazing\nadventure game series. ",
"Neither are exactly recent (2004 and 2007\nrespectively), but they're still full of atmosphere and enjoyable to play.",
"\n\n~~~\nsquidsoup\nI continue to hope that Ragnar Tornquist will make another game as brilliant\nas The Longest Journey. ",
"If he can manage to inject some of the creativity of\nthat game into his upcoming Lovecraftian MMO The Secret World, it could be\nsuperb.",
"\n\n------\nromaniv\nAdventure games continue to be released by indie companies. ",
"Some of those are\npretty good. ",
"For example, Gemini Rue was released just a few days ago. ",
"A Tale\nof Two Kingdoms came out couple of years ago. ",
"Both were polished and quite\ninnovative in their own ways. ",
"This is more than I can say about many AAA\ntitles today.",
"\n\n------\nrandall\nI think Scribblenauts + adventure game storylines would actually resurrect the\ngenre in an amazing way. ",
"Imagine a harry potter style game where you can\ncreate anything to solve simple puzzles.",
"\n\nWould be amazing.",
"\n\n------\nr0s\nPretty funny, but point and click adventure games are still popular. ",
"There are\nseveral titles on Steam released this year for PC.",
"\n\nThe NintendoDS has several successful titles: Trace Memory, Hotel Dusk, and\nothers. ",
"A new Professor Layton title topped sales for the 3DS, recently\nreleased in Japan.",
"\n\nThe genre is probably as popular now as ever.",
"\n\n~~~\njhamburger\nHmm, as popular as ever? ",
"I dunno. ",
"King's Quest, Myst, 7th Guest, these were\nthe 'Call of Duty's of 80s/90s PC gaming.",
"\n\n~~~\ncode_duck\nThey might not be as popular percentage-wise, but what are the sales totals\nand revenue like compared directly to those titles, I wonder? ",
"The total market\nmust be a lot larger than it was back then.",
"\n\n~~~\nido\nMyst is still one of the biggest sellers (in units total) even today, IIRC it\nsold 6 million units.",
"\n\n~~~\nweavejester\nLayton's sold 9.5 million, and Phoenix Wright is not far off with 3.9 million.",
"\n\n------\nzandorg\nBefore I clicked, I thought it meant text adventures. ",
"Clearly they're deader\nthan corduroy if graphical ones are now 'old'.",
"\n\n~~~\ndwc\nThe graphic ones took all the depth out of the text adventures, but offered\neye candy. ",
"So the trend goes...\n\n~~~\nathom\nActually, much of the Myst series' \"eye candy\" provided _considerable_ depth,\nwith all the journals and their diagrams, video segments, and (sort of)\ninteractive points. ",
"While the environments were largely static (read: empty,\ndead), the back story found in the journals and other elements was interesting\nenough to keep going, at least for a while.",
"\n\nDepth in graphic adventures may be tough, but it's doable.",
"\n\n------\ntrotsky\nOld man murray was the best content site ever. ",
"RIP.",
"\n\n------\nGvS\nThey are not dead, just less popular. ",
"Check out Gray Matter\n(<http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gray_Matter_(video_game)>) or 999\n([http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/999:_Nine_Hours,_Nine_Persons,_...](http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/999:_Nine_Hours,_Nine_Persons,_Nine_Doors))\n- very good and recently released adventure games.",
"\n\n------\ncoderdude\nI used to be a humongous fan of 2D adventure games. ",
"Most notably the Space\nQuest series. ",
"If you've never played them start out with Space Quest 4 and\nthen play SQ6. ",
"The audio dialog in the game is unrivaled humor. ",
"Full Throttle\nwas also one of the mega-classics of 2D adventure games. ",
"I think the downfall\nof these games came when the studios tried to go the 3D route.",
"\n\n~~~\nhnal943\nIn general, I agree. ",
"However, Grim Fandango (1998) was both 3D and brilliant.",
"\n\n~~~\ntimknauf\nThe story, characters, art direction, music and puzzles were brilliant. ",
"I'm\npretty sure the interface could have been better, though. ",
"Steering Manny\nthrough the environments felt like driving a malfunctioning tank at times.",
"\n\n------\npaylesworth\nars technica had a very recent and in-depth article about the Rise and Fall\n(and re-rise?) ",
"of the genre. ",
"Definitely worth a read:\n[http://arstechnica.com/gaming/reviews/2011/01/history-of-\ngra...](http://arstechnica.com/gaming/reviews/2011/01/history-of-graphic-\nadventures.ars/)\n\n------\niuguy\nI think the relaunch of Monkey Island on the iPhone proved that adventures are\nfar from dead. ",
"Are they still mainstream? ",
"Maybe not, but I definitely see\nelements of adventures in modern games. ",
"Games like Fallout 3 and Bioshock rely\nheavily on storytelling. ",
"You could argue that some sandbox games like GTA San\nAndreas (haven't played IV, sorry) are technically adventure games or have\nadventure components. ",
"While I think the point and click (and text-based IF)\nadventures of years gone by are no longer mainstream, to say that it's dead is\nlike saying that RTS is dead because there's no more fixed-view overhead style\nCommand & Conquer games - they've just evolved.",
"\n\n~~~\ntechnomancy\n> Games like Fallout 3 and Bioshock rely heavily on storytelling.",
"\n\nCompare Bioshock to System Shock 2 though; Bioshock is extremely simplified in\norder to still be playable on point-n-grunt console platforms.",
"\n\n~~~\niuguy\nThe more I think about it I think you're right, but if you look at the way\nthat games are made now, the costs and the audiences they have to reach,\nmaking a highly cerebral adventure game is quite risky. ",
"I don't see EA ever\ndoing it for example.",
"\n\nI can see adventures working well in the casual gaming space, but I think that\nthe mass appeal side probably needs to be there too.",
"\n\n------\ncliff\nDouble Fine's new game Stacking on xbox live arcade is definitely reminiscent\nof old-school adventure games, and it's great!",
"\n\n~~~\npcorsaro\nSatcking is not a Telltale game. ",
"It's made by Double Fine, the people who made\nPsychonauts. ",
"Double Fine is run by Tim Schaefer, who helped create many\nclassic adventure games like Monkey Island, Day of the Tentacle, etc.",
"\n\n~~~\ncliff\nYup, you're right!!! ",
"Fixed my comment, I get mixed up because I love those\ncompanies and both of them have ex-lucasarts people\n\n------\nrsheridan6\nThey trash Gabriel Knight III, but I would go back farther and trash Gabriel\nKnight II and other games of that era. ",
"That was when it first became\ntechnically possible to have a significant amount of multimedia in a game, so\nit did things like make you watch your avatar walk excruciatingly slowly from\nthe car to the edge of the screen everytime you wanted to go anywhere, and you\nhad to listen to a bunch of interminable bad acting.",
"\n\nI wouldn't know about Gabriel Knight III because I didn't bother to play it,\nor other Sierra games, after getting burnt by their earlier CD-ROM era games.",
"\n\n------\ndavidjhall\nCheck out AGDinteractive : <http://www.agdinteractive.com/> They remade the\nKQuests and QFG2 and are building brand new adventure games.",
"\n\n------\ntrevelyan\nIt's not entirely dead. ",
"I grew up with adventure games and the best one I've\nplayed to date was actually a platformer. ",
"Highly recommend Psychonauts to\nanyone mourning the death of the genre.",
"\n\n~~~\nsawyer\nPsychonauts is a great game, but it wouldn't be categorized in the adventure\ngenre - at least not in the vein this article is referring to (old school\npoint and click puzzle solving).",
"\n\n------\ncawlin\nSuperbrothers are trying a fresh approach to adventure games with Sword &\nSworcery EP: <http://www.swordandsworcery.com/>\n\n------\ndarthvivi\nIt's ironic to see this article just days after the release of Gemini Rue,\nwhich is an outstanding adventure game. ",
"But I agree with the general message.",
"\n\n------\npnathan\nI hate puzzle games, personally. ",
"Diddle the widget so that the frobulent\ngibbers the foomatic - extend the prior implication chain a few levels - just\ngets more than a little old.",
"\n\nI really enjoyed an interactive text-based fiction game recently. ",
"But that\npalled - I realized I could be coding and being productive. ",
">..\n\n------\narchitectzero\n11 years old and still relevant.",
"\n\nAs commercially available products, they're definitely not dead. ",
"Studios keep\nchurning out point-and-click adventure games, just check out\nwww.jayisgames.com, the Nintendo DS, and the smart phone app stores.",
"\n\nHowever, innovation within the genre is on life support and in critical\ncondition, but it has been like that since long before that article was\npublished.",
"\n\nThey still largely depend on puzzles with only a single correct solution, even\nif you have items in plain view on the screen that in reality would solve the\nproblem (this is the \"dream logic\" mentioned in the linked article). ",
"They also\nrely on pixel hunting. ",
"Nothing has really changed.",
"\n\n------\npraptak\nThere are some good flash adventure games. \"",
"Alice is Dead\", \"Hansel and\nGretel\" to name two.",
"\n\n------\nJoeAltmaier\nSanitarium was weird, frustrating, surreal, fascinating. ",
"I loved when the boss\ntossed you out of the barn with a complimentary wrench, just what you needed\nto wire the tractor battery to the gas drum or whatever, and blow up the barn.",
"\n\n------\nDanI-S\nPerhaps they'll be back soon. ",
"Point and click would work well on the iPad...\n\n~~~\ncode_duck\nDefinitely, RPGs and adventure games work well with touch screen devices that\nlack traditional game inputs (game controllers, keyboards), especially\ncompared to action or platform type games.",
"\n\n------\njhamburger\nFMV killed adventure games\n\n------\nsid0\nThe article's over ten years old, and since then there's been a sorta revival\nof the genre. ",
"There are all the Telltale games, the Monkey Island remakes, and\nmore recently the brilliant Machinarium. ",
"Digital distribution services like\nSteam have helped, of course.",
"\n\n~~~\npragmatic\nProblem is that games like Machinarium are still just \"hunt the live pixel\".",
"\nYou have to hope you get close enough to the active object in order to notice\nit/grab it/operate it. ",
"On a larger resolution, this can be quite maddening.",
"\n\nGame Designers: How about making the useable objects more noticeable (like a\nglimmer or something). ",
"Also having the puzzles make sense goes a long way.",
"\n\n~~~\nlimmeau\nI think it was in Simon the Sorcerer: a hotkey that highlighted all clickable\nobjects.",
"\n\n~~~\ntimknauf\nYeah, that's the route we took with Scarlett on the iPhone as well — there's\njust an icon you can touch to highlight everything of interest. ",
"I'm not sure\nwhy it hasn't been a standard feature of the genre; maybe some people enjoy\npixel-hunting?",
"\n\n"
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[
"If this is your first visit, be sure to\ncheck out the FAQ by clicking the\nlink above. ",
"You may have to register\nbefore you can post: click the register link above to proceed. ",
"To start viewing messages,\nselect the forum that you want to visit from the selection below.",
"\n\nDo you think that Extendar will have to take up a \"deluxe\" slot due to all the tooling he will need? ",
"He needs to be bulkier like Ram Man, and will have many unique parts like Rokkon/Stonedar. ",
"I'm thinking that will have to be the way to go with him in order for him to look right.",
"\n\nYeah, I think so. ",
"And I'm willing to pay $40, an extra $10, if it means no cutting corners.",
"\n\n'Love the Lord your God with all your heart and with all your soul and with all your mind.' ",
"This is the first and greatest commandment. ",
"And the second is like it: 'Love your neighbor as yourself.' ",
"All the Law and the Prophets hang on these two commandments\" (Matthew 22:36-40).",
"\n\nHe has to be a large scale figure like Ram Man in order to be made correctly. ",
"I'm looking forward to him.",
"\n\nLarge scale price point, but not figure. ",
"He needs to be normal sized, but with a whole lot of extension pieces. ",
"My question is, will he just come with adapters, or actual pieces to extend his body. ",
"For instance, will he come apart at the boot, and you can add in a piece to extend the limb? ",
"Or will he just come with another boot that already has the piece attached? ",
"Either way, we're looking at a lot of pieces. ",
"Neck, elbow/forearm x2, waist, knee/lower leg x2. ",
"So that's 6 additional pieces, along with his shield and whatever other unique tooling they need for him. ",
"All that included, even $30 is pushing it.",
"\n\nOk, I'm sure we will get Extendar sometime in the next two years. ",
"But will he be a regular size figure or a deluxe size figure? ",
"In either case will he get an extra accessory besides his extension pieces & shield?",
"\nI'm sure many fans would love that this guy had a lance weapon.",
"\n\nLarge scale price point, but not figure. ",
"He needs to be normal sized, but with a whole lot of extension pieces. ",
"My question is, will he just come with adapters, or actual pieces to extend his body. ",
"For instance, will he come apart at the boot, and you can add in a piece to extend the limb? ",
"Or will he just come with another boot that already has the piece attached? ",
"Either way, we're looking at a lot of pieces. ",
"Neck, elbow/forearm x2, waist, knee/lower leg x2. ",
"So that's 6 additional pieces, along with his shield and whatever other unique tooling they need for him. ",
"All that included, even $30 is pushing it.",
"\n\nyeah i agree, we don't need another weird sized guy. ",
"he should be normal sized.",
"\n\nPoP Figures have to be based on the Vintage toys! ",
"This is NOT Filmation's Masters Of The Universe Classics MySpaceCustom Blog\n\nHis torso needs to at least be little wider than the average MOTUC figure. ",
"It was in the vintage series. ",
"Maybe not Ram Man wide, but perhaps Leech or Two-Bad wide. ",
"Otherwise I just don't think he'll look quite right.",
"\n\nYeah, I think so. ",
"And I'm willing to pay $40, an extra $10, if it means no cutting corners.",
"\n\nI'm seeing that the Horsemen could easily turn his neck guard into a removable armor piece and make most other things about this guy pretty standard. ",
"Not sure I get why he'd need so much uber tooling. ",
"I prefer some of the more ingenious 'shortcuts' the Horsemen have made at different times in order to bring these guys to us at the right price. ",
"Just do more of that and I'm fine. ",
"Save the tooling dollars for guys who really need it... like Rio Blast for instance.",
"\n\nWe need uniquely tooled arms and legs. ",
"These would be needed to work the extensions in anyway. ",
"I would think the King Hiss upper torso would work. ",
"It has the plug already to allow or his waist extension, and his armor was just glued on. ",
"Then Extendar could just have armor over that. ",
"I would like it to be harder plastic, though, versus the soft plastic used on Fisto and Clamp Champ. ",
"Even if they just had to glue it on.",
"\n\nI just don't want him to look chunky like the vintage figure. ",
"That bothered me massively as a kid (\"why is this knight a fatso?\") ",
"and it was a result of the compromise to make his action feature possible. ",
"Now that we aren't doing action features with classics, he can have proper proportions in line with the rest of the figures.",
"\n\nI just don't want him to look chunky like the vintage figure. ",
"That bothered me massively as a kid (\"why is this knight a fatso?\") ",
"and it was a result of the compromise to make his action feature possible. ",
"Now that we aren't doing action features with classics, he can have proper proportions in line with the rest of the figures.",
"\n\nlol, yes exactly! ",
"he should be in shape not a fat knight!",
"\n\nPoP Figures have to be based on the Vintage toys! ",
"This is NOT Filmation's Masters Of The Universe Classics MySpaceCustom Blog\n\nI love Extendar, he was an underused and very cool creation and i love the whole Knight theme to him.. It would have been great if he had be one of a small elite of Eternian knights white knight, Red Knight Black knight, hey bring on a 3 pack!!!",
"\n\nJust watched a video review on vintage Extendar and wow, I had forgotten how tall he could become. ",
"I had the figure, but sadly can't seem to find him in what's left of my collection. ",
"Seeing that video though, and imagining him in Classics... I think he may be one of my most desired figures in the line now! ",
"He could end up being almost 12\" tall from the top of his head to the bottom of his feet. ",
"That'd be beyond awesome."
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"![](",
"edinbmedsurgj71849-0061){#sp1 .53}\n\n![](",
"edinbmedsurgj71849-0062){#sp2 .54}\n"
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[
"Sunday, January 07, 2007\n\nPlaceblogger for local news & MORE\n\nplaceblogger.com recently launched a searchable index of local blogs (A.K.A. placeblogs). ",
"These blogs are not merely local news sites. ",
"They are sites that seek to provide the texture of the culture and life of their local communities. ",
"Bookmark this site to check out localities before you travel or consider an out of area job offer!",
"\n\nThe opinions expressed herein are solely the opinions of the individual authors. ",
"Users acknowledge that Hofstra does not pre-screen or regularly review posted content,but that it shall have the right to remove in its sole discretion any content that itconsiders to violate the bounds of civility or any Hofstra student codes of conduct."
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[
"Q:\n\nPostgresql matching purchases with most recent device loggedin\n\nIn my application, I store logins with user_id, device_id(ifa) and login date in table called sessios_logs. ",
"And I store purchases with user_id, amount and purchase date in table called purchases.",
"\nBelow are the example outputs of these two tables where I try to match corresponding ifa values from session_logs for each purchase. ",
"\nsession_logs\nuid ifa date\n7560168721 CCC 1\n7560168721 AAA 3\n7560168721 BBB 5\n7560168721 AAA 8\n7560168721 AAA 10\n\npurchases\nuid amount date <ifa>? ",
"\n7560168721 $1 2 CCC\n7560168721 $9 4 AAA\n7560168721 $5 7 BBB\n7560168721 $4 11 AAA\n\nSo how can I find the closest login date and ifa value for each purchase?",
"\nI don't know how to iterate for each row while checking the maximum date in the session_logs and having login date earlier than purchase date.",
"\nThanks.",
"\n\nA:\n\nYou can use one of the window functions to match the purchase date to the closest session date. ",
" \nSELECT uid, amount, date, ifa\nFROM\n (SELECT\n t1.uid,\n t2.amount,\n t2.date AS date,\n ROW_NUMBER() OVER (PARTITION BY t1.uid, t2.date) AS rn,\n t1.ifa\n FROM\n session_logs t1\n JOIN purchases t2 ON\n t1.uid = t2.uid AND\n t1.date <= t2.date) x1\nWHERE x1.rn = 1\n\n"
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[
"Well, I had him for about 2 days. ",
"He was 3 months old. ",
"I had no idea what to name him. ",
"Nothing seemed to fit. ",
"At the time, I was watching the first season of An Idiot Abroad with Karl Pilkington (Definitely recommend checking it out, if you haven't seen it), and then it just clicked. ",
"Karl was the perfect name for him. ",
"Now he's been Karl the cat for 5 years!",
"\n\nThat couch is 3 stories high. ",
"So, a bit of both. ",
"But on a more serious note, Karl is one of those almost-forever kittens. ",
"Where he grew, but hes still tiny. ",
"His paws barely grew that big since he was a kitten.",
"\n\nI've been saying that ever since Mountain #3! ",
"I like Hafthór Júlíus Björnsson but the first Mountain was a dead ringer with how I pictured him in the book. #",
"3 is gigantic and intimidating, but he doesn't have that constant-hateful look the Mountain should have.",
"\n\nI think we know far too little about the plot at this point to label Luke as just another old Obi-Wan. ",
"Which I'm incredibly happy about. ",
"Disney even went as far as to not picture him on the D23-exclusive poster so I feel there's much more to the store in regards to Luke."
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[
"Loaded Weapon 1\n\nNational Lampoon's Loaded Weapon 1 (also known simply as Loaded Weapon 1) is a 1993 American parody film directed and co-written by Gene Quintano, and starring Emilio Estevez, Samuel L. Jackson, Kathy Ireland, Frank McRae, Tim Curry and William Shatner. ",
"The film mainly spoofs the first three Lethal Weapon films, as well as several others including Basic Instinct, Die Hard, Dirty Harry, Rambo, The Silence of the Lambs, Wayne's World, 48 Hrs. ",
"and TV series such as CHiPs. ",
"Loaded Weapon 1 was released on February 5, 1993.",
"\n\nPlot\n\nIn Los Angeles, Billie York is murdered by a man known as Mr Jigsaw because she possesses a microfilm that can turn cocaine into cookies. ",
"Her former partner, Wes Luger, who is about to retire, is assigned the case by the Reluctant Captain Doyle, who dismisses it as a suicide but gives Luger the case. ",
"The catch is that Luger will have to be partnered with Jack Colt, a burned out cop who recently lost his dog, Claire. ",
"The two visit Harold Leacher, who tells them that Colt's former General in the Vietnam war, Mortars, is heading the operation. ",
"Meanwhile, Jigsaw and Mortars visit Mike Mccraken, whom Jigsaw murders after he lack info about the microfilm.",
"\n\nAfter finding the body, Colt and Luger go to Rick Becker, who claims that he laundered money with York (the money actually being in the laundry machine), but Rick is shot multiple times by unknown assailants, forcing Colt and Luger to go to the Wilderness Girls factory. ",
"The head, Destiny Demeanor, claims no knowledge of the operation during trial, but is revealed to be working for Mortars and his gang. ",
"Destiny and Colt hang out at Colt's house, while Mortars sends a helicopter to destroy Colt's house (a trailer that is actually a mansion in the inside), but they accidentally destroy John McClane's house.",
"\n\nDue to Lack of Evidence, Doyle dismisses the case, but Colt still decides to stop the operation, much to the dismay of Luger (who follows by the book after, as a child, he took an unscheduled break from his crossing guard duties, which led to an old lady being run over by a car and was killed). ",
"Colt breaks in and Destiny, now having fallen in love with Colt, attempts to stop Mortars, but Mortars shows that he was the one who kidnapped Claire, and shows him Rick and Claire chained to a wall (Rick actually having survived the incident). ",
"Mortars shoots Destiny, who clings to life long enough to confess her feelings for him. ",
"Colt manages to catch up with Mortars, but then Luger shows up, having considered what Colt said to him earlier. ",
"He shoots and kills Mortars, and Colt kills Jigsaw, but starts a fire that destroys the whole factory. ",
"Doyle shows up, and asks Luger to stay in the force. ",
"Luger agrees, but as long as Colt is his partner. ",
"In the end, Destiny, having survived, shows up with Rick and Claire, and the team dances to \"Bohemian Rhapsody\".",
"\n\nCast\n\nCameos\n\nRelease\n\nBox office\nLoaded Weapon 1 opened No. ",
"1 at the box office and grossed almost $28 million domestically in total.",
"\n\nCritical reception\nThe film received a negative reception. ",
"Roger Ebert of The Chicago Sun-Times said the film's main failure was that the Lethal Weapon movies already contained sly spoofs of the police film genre: \"The send-up doesn't feel much different than the real thing.\" ",
"\n\nLoaded Weapon 1 earned 17% positive reviews on the film-critic aggregator Rotten Tomatoes, based on 29 reviews with the consensus: \"Loaded Weapon 1 hits all the routine targets with soft squibs, yielding a tired parody that cycles through its laundry list of references with little comedic verve.\"",
"\n\nReferences\n\nExternal links\n \n \n \n\nCategory:1993 films\nCategory:1990s action films\nCategory:1990s crime comedy films\nCategory:1990s parody films\nCategory:American action comedy films\nCategory:American buddy cop films\nCategory:Police detective films\nCategory:American crime comedy films\nCategory:American parody films\nCategory:American films\nCategory:Buddy comedy films\nCategory:English-language films\nCategory:Films produced by Michael De Luca\nCategory:Films set in Los Angeles\nCategory:Films shot in Los Angeles\nCategory:Murder in films\nCategory:National Lampoon films\nCategory:New Line Cinema films\nCategory:1990s police comedy films\nCategory:1990s buddy cop films\nCategory:3 Arts Entertainment films\nCategory:Films scored by Robert Folk\nCategory:Films with screenplays by Gene Quintano\nCategory:Films directed by Gene Quintano"
] | {
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[
"Agattiyam\n\n__NOTOC__\nAgattiyam (), also spelled as Akattiyam, according to Tamil tradition, was the earliest book on Tamil grammar. ",
"It is a non-extant text, traditionally believed to have been compiled and taught in the First Sangam, by Agathiar (Agastya) to twelve students.",
"\n\nSage Agattiyar (Agastya), in medieval commentaries of Tamil Hindu scholars, is variously credited with either creating the Tamil language or learning it from the god Siva. ",
"In contrast, according to medieval era Tamil Buddhist scholars, the sage learned Tamil from Avalokita. ",
"These legends are mentioned in Akitti Jataka and in Tamil Buddhist epics. ",
"There is no mention of the sage, or Agattiyam text, in Tolkappiyam or the bardic poetry of the Sangam literature.",
"\n\nTolkappiyar (epithet), the author of Tolkappiyam, which is the oldest extant Tamil grammar, is believed by various traditions to be one of the twelve disciples of Agattiyar. ",
"Tolkappiyar is believed to have lived during the Second Sangam and to be the author of the Tolkappiyam that has survived.",
"\n\nThe context of the Agattiyam is in the sangam legend. ",
"Sangam literally means \"gathering, meeting, fraternity, academy\". ",
"According to David Shulman – a scholar of Tamil language and literature, the Tamil tradition believes that the Sangam literature arose in distant antiquity over three periods, each stretching over many millennia. ",
"The first has roots in the Hindu deity Shiva, his son Murugan, Kubera as well as 545 sages including the famed Rigvedic poet Agastya. ",
"The first academy, states the legend, extended over 4 millennia and was located far to the south of modern city of Madurai, a location later \"swallowed up by the sea\", states Shulman. ",
"The second academy, also chaired by a very long-lived Agastya, was near the eastern seaside Kapāṭapuram and lasted three millennia. ",
"This was swallowed by floods. ",
"From the second Sangam, states the legend, the Akattiyam and the Tolkāppiyam survived and guided the third Sangam scholars. ",
"Agastya convened this session and wrote Agattiyam. ",
"Agastya is one of the seven revered rishi of the Vedic literature, mentioned in the Rigveda.",
"\n\nSurviving verses \nA few verses from Agattiyam have been quoted in medieval commentaries. ",
"However, the authenticity of these verses is uncertain.",
"\n\nReferences\n\nCategory:Tamil language\nCategory:Tamil-language literature"
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[
"Molecular cloning of endothelial, inducible nitric oxide synthase gene from rat aortic endothelial cell.",
"\nWe have isolated and sequenced clones of an inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) from cDNA library of interleukin-1 beta-treated rat aortic endothelial cells (EC) completely free from other cell types. ",
"The cloned cDNA contains an ORF consisting of 3441 bp, which encodes 1147 amino acid residues. ",
"The deduced amino acid sequence contains putative binding sites for NADPH, FMN, FAD, calmodulin and heme. ",
"By comparison with amino acid sequences of other isoforms, rat EC iNOS is very similar (92% similarity) to mouse macrophage iNOS. ",
"There are four AUUUA motifs, potentially responsible for the instability of the mRNA, in 3'non-coding region of rat EC iNOS cDNA. ",
"Transient transfection of cultured rat vascular smooth-muscle cells with a full-length rat EC iNOS cDNA/SR alpha 296 construct by electroporation resulted in massive NO production in proportion to the doses of cDNA used. ",
"Northern blot analysis using rat EC iNOS cDNA as a probe revealed that cycloheximide treatment led to a marked accumulation of iNOS mRNA in the presence and absence of interleukin-1 beta. ",
"No appreciable decay in the cycloheximide-induced iNOS mRNA accumulation was observed, suggesting that blockade of de novo protein synthesis stabilizes mRNA. ",
"These results demonstrate that rat EC iNOS is identical (or very similar) to macrophage iNOS, and suggest that the EC iNOS gene is also regulated at the post-transcriptional level."
] | {
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[
"Google’s open-source machine learning project Tensorflow is probably used all the time for helpful things that advance the cause of mankind or something. ",
"But in my experience, what it has been best used for is making horrifying auto-generated images out of simple line drawings. ",
"I’m referring to edges2cats, which turned any line drawing into a cat. ",
"It was a whole thing! ",
"Everyone was trying it out, then posting pictures of really demented cats to Twitter for others to laugh at.",
"\n\nToday the same thing has happened, except it’s not cats. ",
"It’s human heads. ",
"And instead of Google’s project, Dutch Public Broadcaster NPO created its own artificial intelligence system that had only been fed thousands of images of one of its anchors, Lara Rense. ",
"As reported by the popular Tumblr prostheticknowledge, the web tool is called Pix2Pix.",
"\n\nYou draw a face, and Pix2Pix uses a neural network to create what looks like an approximation of an oil painting of that face (made up of pieces of Rense’s face). ",
"Obviously the results mostly look like monsters, especially the pig-baby monster from the first season of American Horror Story. ",
"Also thumbs.",
"\n\nin case you ever wondered what blob and \"oh no\" speech bubble would look like if they were human pic.twitter.com/Qowz1leMXO — Alex Norris (@dorrismccomics) June 5, 2017\n\nThe auto-detected edges of your line drawing are probably only helpful if you are really good at drawing and can draw a lifelike face. ",
"For example, this is a total disaster, by me:\n\nHere’s another total disaster, by The Verge news editor Kwame Opam:\n\nMy editor Chris Plante drew a portrait of my robot son Klav, who you might remember from a joke from nearly a year ago, but I don’t know how loyal you are to this website:\n\nOur social media manager and resident cartoonist Dami Lee made the guy from Pan’s Labyrinth:\n\nAnyway, have fun! ",
"You can read more about the project on the radio station’s website, but the Google translation of the Dutch is kind of rough."
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[
"Qumran calendrical texts\n\nThere are about twenty different texts from Qumran which deal with a 364-day solar calendar. ",
"They are mainly very fragmentary, so the calendar is not completely understood. ",
"However, it is significantly different from the Babylonian lunar calendar which evolved into the 354-day Hebrew calendar as known today. ",
"The scrolls calendar divided the year into four quarters and recorded the feast days of the community. ",
"Feasts were fixed to the solar year and so occurred on different days from those indicated in the Babylonian-based calendar. ",
"Many of the texts are rosters of weekly shifts or courses of temple service for the twenty-four priestly families, known as Mishmarot.",
"\n\nStructure\nThe year is made up of twelve months, grouped in quarters. ",
"Each quarter contains three months; two of 30 days and one of 31 days, i.e. 91 days or 13 weeks, each quarter. ",
"The following table shows a quarter of the year. (",
"The day names are provided only to facilitate understanding. ",
"Other than the weekly Sabbath, the other days were merely numbered in the calendrical texts.)",
"\n\nThe year and each of its quarters starts on the same day, the fourth day of the week (Wednesday to us). ",
"This was the day when the sun was created in Genesis 1:14–18.",
"\n\nHowever, the calendar as we know it is 364 days long, making it one and a quarter days short of a true year. ",
"This means, if it were put into practice, it would quickly lose synchronisation with astronomical events. ",
"Because of this, Lawrence Schiffman has stated the view that \"this calendar was never really put to the test except perhaps for a short period\". ",
"Uwe Glessmer has proposed on the basis of 4Q319 (\"Otot\") that the calendar was in fact intercalated, a week being added every seven years to keep it synchronised with the solar year. ",
"Roger Beckwith suggested that the discrepancy between the calendar and the true year, though noticed, may not have been of concern to the community that used the calendar.",
"\n\nMishmarot\nThe Mishmarot are texts which outline the weekly courses of the twenty-four priestly families who perform duties in the temple. ",
"The order of families follows that found in 1 Chronicles 24:7–18. ",
"Repeating the twenty-four over a period of six years completes a full cycle and the following year once again starts with the first of the priestly families.",
"\n\nHere are a few entries in 4Q325 (\"Mishmarot D\"):\n\nThe beginning of the se[cond] month is [on the si]xth [day] of the course of Jedaiah. ",
"On the second of the month is the Sabbath of the course of Harim....\n\nAs the years are traversed, Sabbaths and feast days are usually noted. ",
"For example (from 4Q326):\n\n[.. on the evening of the fourteenth day of the month] is the Feast of Unleavened Bread. ",
"On the fou[rth day of the week is a holy assembly. ",
"On the twenty-fifth of the month is] a Sabbath. ",
"On the twenty-sixth of the month is the B[arley] Festival....\n\nThe texts are quite fragmentary, but because so much of the material is formulaic, restoration is relatively easy.",
"\n\nOne of these texts, the extremely fragmentary Mishmarot C (4Q322–324b), also contains a number of historical allusions, mentioning the names \"Yohanan\" (perhaps John Hyrcanus) and Shelamzion (Salome Alexandra). ",
"Illusive snippets of text read \"Shelamzion entered...\" and \"Hyrcanus rebelled...\" (presumably Hyrcanus II who rebelled against his brother Aristobulus II). ",
"Another fragment twice mentions \"Amelios killed...\" Aemilius Scaurus (one of Pompey's lieutenants in Judea in 63 BCE).",
"\n\nOther texts\nAmong the calendrical works is 4Q317, which lists the phases of the moon with respect to the 364-day calendar, 4Q318 (\"Brontologion\"), which contains a section which used thunder () at various times to predict the future, and 4Q319 (Otot or \"signs\"), which analyzes certain events over a period of 294 years, i.e. six Jubilees.",
"\n\nFootnotes\n\nBibliography\n Uwe Glessmer, \"Investigation of the Otot Text (4Q319) and Questions about Methodology\", in Methods of Investigation Wise et al., ",
"pp.",
" 429–440.",
"\n Uwe Glessmer, \"Calendars in the Qumran Scrolls\", in The Dead Sea scrolls after fifty years, Peter W. Flint and James C. Vanderkam. ",
"eds., ",
"Vol. ",
"2 (Leiden: Brill, 1999) pp. ",
"213–278.",
"\n Helen R. Jacobus. '",
"Zodiac Calendars in the Dead Sea Scrolls and Their Reception: Ancient astronomy and Astrology in Early Judaism.' ",
"Leiden: Brill, 2014. ",
" \n Lawrence Schiffman, Reclaiming the Dead Sea Scrolls (Philadelphia: Jewish Publication Society, 1994) .",
"\n Sacha Stern, \"Qumran Calendars: Theory and Practice\", in The Dead Sea Scrolls: In Their Historical Context, Timothy Lim ed. (",
"Edinburgh: T & T Clark, 2000) pp. ",
"179–186.",
"\n Shemaryahu Talmon, \"Calendars and Mishmarot\", in Encyclopedia of the Dead Sea Scrolls, Lawrence H. Schiffman & James C. VanderKam eds., ",
"Vol. ",
"1 (Oxford, 2000) pp. ",
"108–117.",
"\n James C. VanderKam, \"Calendar Texts and the Origins of the Dead Sea Scroll Community\", in Methods of Investigation Wise et al., ",
"pp. ",
"371–388.",
"\n James C. VanderKam, Calendars in the Dead Sea Scrolls: Measuring Time (Routledge, 1998) .",
"\n Michael O. Wise, \"An Annalistic Calendar from Qumran\", in Methods of Investigation Wise et al., ",
"pp. ",
"389–408.",
"\n Michael Wise, Martin Abegg Jr., & Edward Cook, The Dead Sea Scrolls: A New Translation (HarperSanFrancisco, 1996) pp. ",
"296–323.",
"\n Michael O. Wise, Norman Golb, John J. Collins, and Dennis Pardee, Methods of Investigation of the Dead Sea Scrolls and the Khirbet Qumran Site (New York Academy of Sciences, 1994) .",
"\n Geza Vermes, \"The Complete Dead Sea Scrolls in English\" (The Penguin Press, 1997) .",
"\n\nExternal links\n Calendric Signs (Otot) from 4Q319\n\nCategory:Dead Sea Scrolls\nCategory:Calendars\nCategory:Hebrew calendar"
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[
"Protein kinases constitute a large family of structurally related enzymes that are responsible for the control of a variety of signal transduction processes within cells (see, e.g., Hardie and Hanks, The Protein Kinase Facts Book, I and II, Academic Press, San Diego, Calif., 1995). ",
"Protein kinases are thought to have evolved from a common ancestral gene due to the conservation of their structure and catalytic function. ",
"Almost all kinases contain a similar 250-300 amino acid catalytic domain. ",
"The kinases can be categorized into families by the substrates they phosphorylate (e.g., protein-tyrosine, protein-serine/threonine, lipids, etc.). ",
"Sequence motifs have been identified that generally correspond to each of these families (see, e.g., Hanks & Hunter, (1995), FASEB J. 9:576-596; Knighton et al, (1991), Science 253:407-414; Hiles et al, (1992), Cell 70:419-429; Kunz et al, (1993), Cell 73:585-596; Garcia-Bustos et al, (1994), EMBO J. 13:2352-2361).",
"\nMany diseases are associated with abnormal cellular responses triggered by protein kinase-mediated events. ",
"These diseases include autoimmune diseases, inflammatory diseases, bone diseases, metabolic diseases, neurological and neurodegenerative diseases, cancer, cardiovascular diseases, allergies, asthma, alzheimer's disease and hormone-related diseases. ",
"As a consequence, there has been substantial efforts in medicinal chemistry to find inhibitors of protein kinases for use as therapeutic agents.",
"\nImmunoreceptor tyrosine activation motif (ITAM)-mediated signaling has emerged as a primary event in signaling pathways responsible for human pathologies. ",
"ITAM-mediated signaling is responsible for relaying activation signals initiated at classical immune receptors such as T-cell receptors, B-cell receptors, Fc receptors in immune cells and at GPVI and FcγRIIa in platelets to downstream intracellular molecules such as Syk and ZAP-70 (Underhill, D. M and Goodridge, H. S., Trends Immunol., ",
"28:66-73, 2007).",
"\nThe binding of a ligand to an ITAM-containing receptor triggers signaling events which allows for the recruitment of proteins from a family of nonreceptor tyrosine kinases called the Src family. ",
"These kinases phosphorylate tyrosine residues within the ITAM sequence, a region with which the tandem SH2 domains on either Syk or ZAP-70 interact.",
"\nSyk, along with Zap-70, is a member of the Syk family of protein tyrosine kinases. ",
"The interaction of Syk or ZAP-70 with diphosphorylated ITAM sequences induces a conformation change in the kinases that allows for tyrosine phosphorylation of the kinase itself. ",
"Phosphorylated Syk family members activate a multitude of downstream signaling pathway proteins which include Src homology 2 (SH2) domain containing leukocyte-specific phosphoprotein of 76 kDa (SLP-76), Linker of Activation of T-cells (LAT) and PLC (phospholipase C)γ2.",
"\nHuman pathologies attributed to dysfunctional ITAM-mediated signaling include autoimmune diseases such as rheumatoid arthritis, systemic lupus, multiple sclerosis, hemolytic anemia, immune-thrombocytopenia purpura, and heparin-induced thrombocytopenia and arteriosclerosis. ",
"Interestingly, many of the above mentioned diseases are thought to occur through crosslinking of Fc receptors by antibodies which, via Syk, activate a signaling cascade in mast, basophil and other immune cells that result in the release of cell mediators responsible for inflammatory reactions. ",
"The release of mediators and the production of cytokines in IgE stimulation-dependent allergic and inflammatory reactions from mast cells and basophiles can be controlled by inhibiting the tyrosine kinase activity of Syk (Rossi, A. B. et al., ",
"J Allergy Clin Immunol, 118:749-755, 2006). ",
"In immune-thrombocytopenia, antibody bound platelets are cleared by the spleen by an Fc receptor/ITAM/Syk-mediated process (Crow, A. R. et al., ",
"Blood, 106:abstract 2165, 2005). ",
"Drug-induced thrombocytopenia, caused by heparin-platelet factor 4 immune complexes that activate platelet FcγRIIa, also involve Syk signaling downstream of receptor engagement (Reilly, M. P., Blood, 98:2442-2447, 2001).",
"\nPlatelet agonists induce inside-out integrin signaling resulting in fibrinogen binding and platelet aggregation. ",
"This initiates outside-in signaling which produces further stimulation of platelets. ",
"Syk is activated during both phases of integrin signaling, and inhibition of Syk is shown to inhibit platelet adhesion to immobilized proteins (Law, D. A. et al., ",
"Blood, 93:2645-2652, 1999). ",
"Release of arachidonic acid and serotonin and platelet aggregation induced by collagen are markedly inhibited in platelets derived from Syk deficient mouse (Poole, A. et al., ",
"EMBO J., 16:2333-2341, 1997). ",
"Thus Syk inhibitors may also possess anticoagulation action.",
"\nBecause of the role Syk plays in Ig-induced platelet activation, it is likely to be important in arteriosclerosis and restenosis. ",
"Arteriosclerosis is a class of diseases characterized by the thickening and hardening of the arterial walls of blood vessels. ",
"Although all blood vessels are susceptible to this serious degenerative condition, the aorta and the coronary arteries serving the heart are most often affected. ",
"Arteriosclerosis is of profound clinical importance since it can increase the risk of heart attacks, myocardial infarctions, strokes, and aneurysms.",
"\nThe traditional treatment for arteriosclerosis includes vascular recanalization procedures for less-serious blockages and coronary bypass surgery for major blockages. ",
"A serious shortcoming of intravascular procedures is that, in a significant number of treated individuals, some or all of the treated vessels restenose (i.e., re-narrow). ",
"For example, restenosis of an atherosclerotic coronary artery after PTCA (Percutaeous Transluminal Coronary Angioplasty) occurs in 10-50% of patients undergoing this procedure and subsequently requires either further angioplasty or a coronary artery bypass graft. ",
"Furthermore, restenosis of an atherosclerotic coronary artery after stenting occurs in 10-20% of patients undergoing this procedure and subsequently requires repeat treatments to maintain adequate blood flow through the affected artery. ",
"Restenosis generally occurs in a relatively brief time period, e.g., roughly less than six months, after treatment.",
"\nWhile the exact hormonal and cellular processes promoting restenosis have not been determined, restenosis is thought to be due in part to mechanical injury to the walls of the blood vessels caused by the balloon catheter or other intravascular device. ",
"For example, the process of PTCA, in addition to opening the obstructed artery, also injures resident coronary arterial smooth muscle cells (SMCs). ",
"In response to this injury, adhering platelets, infiltrating macrophages, leukocytes, or the smooth muscle cells themselves release cell-derived growth factors such as platelet-derived growth factor (PDGF), with subsequent proliferation and migration of medial SMCs through the internal elastic lamina to the area of the vessel intima. ",
"Further proliferation and hyperplasia of intimal SMCs and, most significantly, production of large amounts of extracellular matrix over a period of three to six months results in the filling in and narrowing of the vascular space sufficient to significantly obstruct blood flow.",
"\nIn addition to the role Syk plays in Ig-induced platelet activations, Syk plays a very important role in collagen-mediated signaling. ",
"The primary adhesive protein responsible for platelet adhesion and activation is collagen. ",
"Collagen is a filamentous protein contained within the fibrotic caps of atheromas which becomes exposed to blood during plaque rupture. ",
"Collagen functions initially by binding von Willebrand factor which tethers platelets through binding platelet membrane GPIb. ",
"Collagen functions secondarily by engaging the two collagen receptors on platelets, GPVI and integrin α2β1.",
"\nGPVI exists in platelet membranes as a complex with FcRγ, an interaction required for the expression of GPVI. ",
"Activation of FcγRIIa on platelets results in platelet shape change, secretion and thrombosis. ",
"Signaling by the GPVI/FcRγ complex is initiated by tyrosine phosphorylation of the ITAM domain of FCRγ followed by the recruitment of Syk. ",
"Activation of GPVI leads to induction of multiple platelet functions including: activation of integrins α2β1 to achieve firm platelet adhesion, and GP IIb-IIIa which mediates platelet aggregation and thrombosis growth; platelet secretion, allowing for the delivery of inflammatory proteins such as CD40L, RANTES and TGFβ to the vessel wall; and the expression of P-selectin which allows for the recruitment of leukocytes. ",
"Therefore, it is believed that Syk inhibitors can inhibit thrombotic events mediated by platelet adhesion, activation and aggregation.",
"\nIt has been reported that the tyrosine phosphorylation of intracellular protein (activation) induced by stimulation of a receptor for IgG antibody, FcγR, and the phagocytosis mediated by FcγR are considerably inhibited in macrophages derived from Syk deficient mouse (Crowley, M. T. et al, J. Exp. ",
"Med., ",
"186:1027-1039, 1997). ",
"This suggests that Syk has a markedly important role in the FcγR-mediated phagocytosis of macrophages.",
"\nIt has also been reported that an antisense oligonucleotide of Syk suppresses the apoptosis inhibition of eosinophils induced by GM-CSF (Yousefi, S. et al, J. E. Med., ",
"183:1407-1414, 1996), showing that Syk is essential for the life extending signal of eosinophils caused by GM-CSF and the like. ",
"Since life extension of eosinophils is closely related to the transition of diseases into a chronic state in allergic disorders, such as asthma, Syk inhibitors can also serve as therapeutic agents for chronic eosinophilic inflammation.",
"\nSyk is important for the activation of B-cells via a B-cell antigen receptor and is involved in the phosphatidylinositol metabolism and increase in the intracellular calcium concentration caused by the antigen receptor stimulation (Hutchcroft, J E. et al, J. Biol. ",
"Chem., ",
"267:8613-8619, 1992; and Takata, M. et al, EMBO J., 13:1341-1349, 1994). ",
"Thus, Syk inhibitors may be used to control the function of B-cells and are, therefore, expected to serve as therapeutic agents for antibody-related diseases.",
"\nSyk binds to a T-cell antigen receptor, quickly undergoes tyrosine phosphorylation through crosslinking of the receptor and synergistically acts upon intracellular signals mediated by Src tyrosine kinases such as Lck (Couture, C. et al, Proc. ",
"Natl. ",
"Acad. ",
"Sci. ",
"USA, 91:5301-5305, 1994; and Couture, C. et al, Mol. ",
"Cell. ",
"Biol., ",
"14:5249-5258, 1994). ",
"Syk is present in mature T-cell populations, such as intraepithelial γδ T-cells and näive αβ T-cells, and has been reported to be capable of phosphorylation of multiple components of the TCR signaling cascade (Latour, S. et. ",
"al, Mol Cell Biol., ",
"17:4434-4441, 1997). ",
"As a consequence, Syk inhibitors may serve as agents for inhibiting cellular immunity mediated by T-cell antigen receptor.",
"\nRecent comparative genomic hybridization studies have identified Syk as another gene important in the pathogenesis of Mantle Cell Lymphoma (MCL) (Chen, R. et al. ",
"Journal of Clinical Oncology, 2007 ASCO Annual Meeting Proceedings (Post-Meeting Edition). ",
"Vol 25, No 18S (June 20 Supplement), 2007: 8056). ",
"MCL represents 5-10% of all non-Hodgkins lymphomas and it is a difficult form of lymphoma to treat. ",
"It has the worst prognosis among the B cell lymphomas with median survival of three years. ",
"It has been reported that Syk is overexpressed in MCL (Rinaldi, A, et. ",
"al, Br. ",
"J. Haematol, 2006; 132:303-316) and that Syk mediates mTOR (mammalian target of Rapamycin) survival signals in follicular, mantel cell, Burkitt's, and diffuse large B-cell non-Hodgkin's lymphomas (Leseux, L., et. ",
"al, Blood, 2006; 108:4156-4162).",
"\nSeveral lines of evidence suggest that many B-cell lymphomas depend upon B-cell receptor (BCR)-mediated survival signals. ",
"BCR signaling induces receptor oligomerization and phosphorylation of Igα and β immunoreceptor tyrosine-based activated motifs by SRC family kinases. ",
"ITAM phosphorylation results in the recruitment and activation of Syk that initiates downstream events and amplifies the original BCR signal. ",
"Given the role of tonic BCR signaling in normal B cell and Syk-dependent survival of non-Hodgkins lymphoma cell lines in vitro (Chen, L., et. ",
"al, Blood, 2006; 108:3428-3433), Syk inhibition is a promising rational treatment target for certain B-cell lymphomas and chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL) (Stefania Gobessi, Luca Laurenti, Pablo Longo, Laura Carsetti, Giuseppe Leone, Dimitar G. Efremov, Constitutive activation of the protein tyrosine kinase Syk in Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia B-cells, Blood, 2007, 110, Abstract 1123). ",
"Recent data shows that administration of a multikinase inhibitor which inhibits Syk, may have significant clinical activity in CLL patients (Friedberg J W et al, Blood 2010; 115(13)).",
"\nThe oncogenic potential of the spleen tyrosine kinase (Syk) has been described in a number of different settings. ",
"Clinically, Syk over-expression is reported in Mantle Cell Lymphoma (Rinaldi, A, et. ",
"al, Br. ",
"J. Haematol, 2006; 132:303-316) and the TEL-Syk fusion protein (Translocated ETS Leukemia) generated by a chromosomal translocation (t(9;12)(q22;p12)) leads to increased Syk activity and is associated with myelodysplastic syndrome (Kuno, Y., et. ",
"al, Blood, 2001; 97:1050-1055). ",
"Leukemia is induced in mice by adoptively transferring bone marrow cells that express human TEL-Syk (Wossning, T., JEM, 2006; 203:2829-2840). ",
"Further, in mouse primary bone marrow cells, over-expression of Syk results in IL-7 independent growth in culture (Wossning, T., et. ",
"al, JEM, 2006; 203:2829-2840). ",
"Additional recent studies also suggest that Syk-dependant survival signals may play a role in B-cell malignancies, including DLBCL (Diffuse Large B-Cell Lymphoma), mantle cell lymphoma and follicular lymphoma (Gururajan, Jennings et al. ",
"2006; Irish, Czerwinski et al. ",
"J Immunol 176(10): 5715-9 (2006). ",
"Given the role of tonic BCR signaling in normal B cells and Syk-dependent survival of NHL cell lines in vitro, the specific inhibition of Syk may prove promising for the treatment of certain B-cell lymphomas.",
"\nInterestingly, Syk signaling appears to be required for B-cell development and survival in humans and mouse. ",
"Inducible loss of the B-cell receptor (Lam, K., et. ",
"al, Cell, 1997; 90:1073-1083) or Igα (Kraus, M., et. ",
"al, Cell, 2004; 117:787-800) results in loss of peripheral B-cells in mice. ",
"Over-expression of the protein tyrosine phosphatase PTP-RO, which is known to negatively regulate Syk activity, inhibits proliferation and induces apoptosis in cell lines derived from non-Hodgkin's lymphomas (Chen, L., et. ",
"al, Blood, 2006; 108:3428-3433). ",
"Finally, B-cell lymphomas rarely exhibit loss of BCR expression, and anti-idiotype therapy rarely leads to resistance (Kuppers, R. Nat Rev Cancer, 2005; 5:251-262).",
"\nEngagement of the antigen-specific B cell receptor (BCR) activates multiple signaling pathways that ultimately regulate the cells activation status, promoting survival and clonal expansion. ",
"Signaling through the BCR is made possible by its association with two other members of the immunoglobulin super-family; Igα and Igβ, each bearing an immuno-tyrosine based activation motif (ITAM) (Jumaa, Hendriks et al. ",
"Annu Rev Immunol 23: 415-45 (2005). ",
"The ITAM domain is directly phosphorylated by Src family kinases in response to BCR engagement. ",
"The spleen tyrosine kinase (Syk) docks with and phosphorylates the ITAM, a process that enhances its kinase activity, resulting in Syk autophosphorylation and tyrosine phosphorylation of multiple downstream substrates (Rolli, Gallwitz et al. ",
"Mol Cell 10(5): 1057-69 (2002). ",
"This signaling pathway is active in B cells beginning at the transition from pro- to pre-B cell stage of development, when the newly formed pre-BCR is expressed. ",
"In fact, B cell development arrests at the pro-B cell stage in Syk knockout mice (Cheng, Rowley et al. ",
"1995; Turner, Mee et al. ",
"Nature 378(6554): 303-6 (1995). ",
"Inducible loss of the B cell receptor (Lam, Kuhn et al. ",
"Cell 90(6): 1073-83 (1997) or Igα (Kraus, Alimzhanov et al. ",
"Cell 117(6): 787-800 (2004) results in loss of peripheral B cells in mice. ",
"Human B cells also appear to require Syk for proliferation and survival. ",
"Over-expression of the protein tyrosine phosphatase PTP-RO, a negative regulator of Syk activity, inhibits proliferation and induces apoptosis in cell lines derived from non-Hodgkin's lymphomas (NHL) (Chen, Juszczynski et al. ",
"Blood 108(10): 3428-33 (2006). ",
"Knock down of Syk by siRNA in the NHL line SUDHL-4 led to a block in the G1/S transition of the cell cycle (Gururajan, Dasu et al. ",
"J Immunol 178(1): 111-21 (2007). ",
"Together, these data suggest that Syk signaling is required for the development, proliferation, and even survival of human and mouse B cells.",
"\nRecently, R406 (Rigel Pharmaceuticals) was reported to inhibit ITAM signaling in response to various stimuli, including FcεR1 and BCR induced Syk activation (Braselmann, Taylor et al. ",
"J Pharmacol Exp Ther 319(3): 998-1008 (2006). ",
"Interestingly, this ATP-competitive inhibitor of Syk was also active against Flt3, cKit, and JAK kinases, but not against Src kinsase (Braselmann, Taylor et al. ",
"2006). ",
"Activating mutations to Flt3 are associated with AML (Acute Myeloid Leukemia) and inhibition of this kinase is currently under clinical development (Burnett and Knapper Hematology Am Soc Hematol Educ Program 2007: 429-34 (2007). ",
"Over-activation of the tyrosine kinase cKit is also associated with hematologic malignancies, and a target for cancer therapy (Heinrich, Griffith et al. ",
"Blood 96(3): 925-32 (2000). ",
"Similarly, JAK3 signaling is implicated in leukemias and lymphomas, and is currently exploited as a potential therapeutic target (Heinrich, Griffith et al. ",
"2000). ",
"Importantly, the multikinase inhibitory activity of R406 attenuates BCR signaling in lymphoma cell lines and primary human lymphoma samples, resulting in apoptosis of the former (Chen, Monti et al. ",
"Blood 111(4): 2230-7 (2008). ",
"Further, a phase II clinical trial reported favorable results by this compound in refractory NHL and chronic lymphocytic leukemia (Friedberg J W et al, Blood 2010; 115(13)). ",
"Although the precise mechanism of action is unclear for R406, the data suggest that inhibition of kinases that mediate survival signaling in lymphocytes is clinically beneficial.",
"\nAdditional recent studies also suggest that Syk-dependant survival signals may play a role in B-cell malignancies, including DLBCL, mantle cell lymphoma and follicular lymphoma (see e.g., S. Linfengshen et al. ",
"Blood, February 2008; 111: 2230-2237; J. M. Irish et al. ",
"Blood, 2006; 108: 3135-3142; A. Renaldi et al. ",
"Brit J. Haematology, 2006; 132: 303-316; M. Guruoajan et al. ",
"J. Immunol, 2006; 176: 5715-5719; L. Laseux et al. ",
"Blood, 2006; 108: 4156-4162.",
"\nWhile progress has been made in this field, there remains a need in the art for compounds that inhibit Syk kinase, as well as for methods for treating conditions in a patient, such as restenosis, and/or inflammation that can benefit from such inhibition. ",
"Moreover, the availability of compounds that selectively inhibit one of these kinases as compared to other kinases would also be desirable. ",
"The present invention satisfies this and other needs."
] | {
"pile_set_name": "USPTO Backgrounds"
} | [
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[
"Hi Team,I am trying FTP by following all possible methods. ",
"But when I put ip address/efglobe.com, it says Connection Timed Out.",
"On this forum I read in Z/Os it is not available for Public, But is was a year old post, therefore I could dare to raise this question again.",
"If YES, please tell me how?",
"\n\nIf No, then please tell me is there any possibility to transfer files from PC to Fandezhi server and Vice-verse.",
"\n\nmainframer wrote:I am trying FTP by following all possible methods. ",
"But when I put ip address/efglobe.com, it says Connection Timed Out.",
"On this forum I read in Z/Os it is not available for Public, But is was a year old post, therefore I could dare to raise this question again.",
"If YES, please tell me how?",
"\n\nIf No, then please tell me is there any possibility to transfer files from PC to Fandezhi server and Vice-verse.",
"\n\nNo. ",
"The way to do it is to use FTP from z/OS, or to use the good old faithful and rather slow IND$FILE method, which is supported by about every emulator.",
"\n\nprino wrote:No. ",
"The way to do it is to use FTP from z/OS, or to use the good old faithful and rather slow IND$FILE method, which is supported by about every emulator.",
"\n\nThanks for reply,\n\nI tried FTP from CMD prompt and IND$file, CMD doesn't work(Time Out) and IND$file is very very slow, I mean It's so slow that I was not certain on getting result(transfer), I have a very small file, by the way how long it takes to transfer, in general?",
"\n\nAnd please let me know how to use FTP from Z/Os, I am new to this and want to use it.",
"Prino, your input will be highly appreciated.",
"\n\nprino wrote:No. ",
"The way to do it is to use FTP from z/OS, or to use the good old faithful and rather slow IND$FILE method, which is supported by about every emulator.",
"\n\nI tried FTP from CMD prompt and IND$file, CMD doesn't work(Time Out) and IND$file is very very slow, I mean It's so slow that I was not certain on getting result(transfer), I have a very small file, by the way how long it takes to transfer, in general?",
"\n\nAnd please let me know how to use FTP from Z/Os, I am new to this and want to use it.",
"\n\nAs I wrote, FTP'ing with an FTP Client to the FanDeZhi system is no longer possible.",
"\n\nWhat you can do, is set up an FTP Server on your Windoze/Linux/whatever box (I use Filezilla Server on an XP box) and start the FTP transaction on z/OS from the READY prompt (or option 6) towards your server. ",
"If you do not have a static IP address, you can get a semi-static one from DynDNS.com, or you can use one of the many sites that tell you your current IP address, like IP Chicken or utrace. ",
"You probably also have to set up your modem/router to port-forward port 21.",
"\n\nFTP is pretty fast, just transferred a 1.7Mb XMITfile in around 14 seconds. ",
"IND$FILE will take rather a lot longer, I haven't tried it. (",
"You can speed up IND$FILE a little bit by using the maximum blocksize of 32,000 bytes)\n\nGoing either way it's very advisable to use TRSMAIN (or AMATERSE for later versions of z/OS), on the z/OS side, and terse.exe, on the PC side, (from tersepc.zip in the files section of Hercules-390 group on Yahoo! - ",
"you need to be a member of the group to access the files), to compress the files before FTP'ing them.",
"\n\nTo convert datasets to XMIT format, you can use the command PDS2XMIT as a line command in the DSLIST (3.4) screen - despite the name, it also handles sequential datasets. ",
"You can probably also use it on PDSE's, but I don't think any of the PC based tools for extracting XMIT files can handle them! ",
"The name of the dataset created by PDS2XMIT is the name of the original, suffixed with .XMIT - if the original name is too long, it will not work! ",
"Note that there are no PC tools available to handle ISPF packed data, so make sure that your PDS members or dataset(s) are saved with the \"PACK OFF\" option!",
"\n\nTo TERSE a dataset on z/OS, you can use the command TERSE as a line command in the DSLIST (3.4) screen. ",
"It appends .TER to the original dataset name, and, unlike PDS2XMIT, it verifies that the new name will not exceed 44 characters. ",
"UNTERSE unpacks a tersed dataset. ",
"If the dataset had a last qualifier of .TER, it will be replaced by .U, if not, it appends .U. You can use the following job to TERSE datasets in batch, to UNTERSE them in batch, use a parameter of 'UNPACK' and the correct LRECL and BLKSIZE for the output dataset.",
"\n\nNote that TRSMAIN will work on any z/OS system, but AMATERSE, the officially IBM-supported version, only works on z/OS 1.8(?) ",
"and above. ",
"The \"SET BLOCK='0'\" statement should be used for systems that use System Determined Blocksize.",
"\n\nFinally, to un-XMIT files on the PC (make sure they are transferred as BINARY!), ",
"you can use\n\nNeil Johnston-Ward's excellent, though no longer supported, XMIT Manager, which handles both PDS'es and sequential datasets, or\n\nI have no words to express my gratitude for your previous post. ",
"I felt total devotion of time, just for me, that's from a Genius(I must say).Without spoiling the quality of your post, I would just like to copy:\n\n\"I can no other answer make, but, thanks, and thanks.\" - ",
"W. S\n\nNow I can understand the Success of Dezhi Mainframe.",
"Now I am going to try step-by-step.",
"\n\nJust need to clear few doubts, I am giving my steps for better understanding.",
"\n\n1)Selected a PDS and created/converted to XMIT.(successful)2)Tersed the Dataset(XMITED one, a.b.c.ter).(successful)3)Before Un-terse, the transfer (fom M/F to PC was not made), can you please let me know on this, I have Filezilla Client as well as server and it is showing connection at 127.0.0.1 with port=21.( )",
"\n\nJust need to clear few doubts, I am giving my steps for better understanding.",
"\n\n1)Selected a PDS and created/converted to XMIT.(successful)2)Tersed the Dataset(XMITED one, a.b.c.ter).(successful)3)Before Un-terse, the transfer (fom M/F to PC was not made), can you please let me know on this, I have Filezilla Client as well as server and it is showing connection at 127.0.0.1 with port=21.( )",
"\n\nAm I going on right path?",
"\n\nYou're getting there...\n\nThe 127.0.0.1 address is the admin address for FileZilla Server [FS]. ",
"In FS you will have to set up a user, with a password and a home-directory.",
"\n\nNow comes the harder part, your IP address. ",
"If you have a static one, you're lucky, you can simply go into ISPF option 6, enter\n\nwith xxx.xxx.xxx.xxx your static IP address (obtained from your ISP, or via IP Chicken). ",
"With a dynamic address you can do the same, but you might have to enter a different address every day. ",
"It's much easier to get a free domain from DynDNS, and use their DynDNS Update Client to give yourself a more permanent address, like \"whahoopie.homeftp.net\" (you can choose the \"whahoopie\", DynDNS provides a wagon-load of domains to attach it to) Using this method you can use\n\n(-b tells terse to do a binary unterse, all programs that process XMIT files on the PC expect them to be in EBCDIC) and use your favorite un-XMIT tool to get the contents out.",
"\n\nOne warning, you may have to fiddle with code pages, my Windoze CMD window works with code page 437, FanDeZhi seems to use 1047 and the two seem to be working pretty well together, if you use another PC code page, you may have to specify it on the terse command - '[', ']', '!', '",
"|' and '¬' are usually the most problematic characters...\n\nHmm..Ok, I followed your steps, very carefully, did not miss anything.",
"I thought It will work and guess what, yes, It WORKED...!!!, ",
"the files that I wanted were on my PC.Great. ... ",
"Still I am facing some issue in Untersing the files, getting error: code more than Zero , i.e 16 ,I am running the command (on 3.4 or ready command line : terse userid.filename.ter filename.xmit -b,but I think there I need to do some homework, on my own. ",
"I will check it carefully Once again, may be more. ",
"I love this Technology,\n\nThank you for such a wonderful Post. , ",
"I have never seen on any forum.",
"Garry\n\nmainframer wrote:Hmm..Ok, I followed your steps, very carefully, did not miss anything.",
"I thought It will work and guess what, yes, It WORKED...!!!, ",
"the files that I wanted were on my PC.Great. ... ",
"Still I am facing some issue in Untersing the files, getting error: code more than Zero , i.e 16 ,I am running the command (on 3.4 or ready command line : terse userid.filename.ter filename.xmit -b,but I think there I need to do some homework, on my own. ",
"I will check it carefully Once again, may be more. ",
"I love this Technology,\n\nThank you for such a wonderful Post. , ",
"I have never seen on any forum.",
"\n\nTo unterse files on z/OS, you just use (in 3.4) the line-command UNTERSE. ",
"It will, if present, replace the final .TER qualifier with .U, or just append .U if he final qualifier is not .TER.",
"\n\nThe terse userid.filename.ter filename.xmit -b is purely to be used to unterse files on the PC, and then only if those files need to be in binary, such as XMIT files. ",
"If you TERSE a pure text file (or PL/I-COBOL-REXX-etc source) on z/OS, you do not need the -b option on he PC, but you might need either \"-eNNN -aNNN\" or \"-lCTY\". ",
"FWIW, if you transfer small files, going through the process of XMIT + TERSE might not even be required, you can just FTP them.",
"\n\nHi, I installed FileZilla server and changed my linksys router to forward port 21 to my PC IP and was able to FTP to my PC and download a file ...was going to try some more FTPs upload/download but my TSO/ISPF session is timing out or something ? ",
"I'm using Bluezone Mainframe Display. ",
"I thought it might be the port forwarding but I changed the router back and my session is still timing out. ",
"My session is disconnecting by leaving me logged on and when I try to reconnect it shows I'm already logged on . . ",
".then have Logoff your userid and log my session off . . ",
".any ideals what would cause this ? ",
"Never had this problem with the Bluezone software before\n\nRick - Fandezhi does not use session time out. ",
"I've had TSO sessions run for hours at the READY prompt and days when running a process that writes a line to the terminal every hour. ",
"I've never heard of Bluezone Mainframe Display before. ",
"It seems to me if you were running OK until you started the FTP client, the port forwarding in your router shouldn't have anything to do with whatever your problem is.",
"\n\nI tried the Filezilla FTP server years ago, but didn't like the way it ran and completely uninstalled it. ",
"The machine I installed it on was retired several years ago when its power supply gave up the ghost. ",
"I won't touch Sourceforge any more because they have such a terrible reputation for bundled malware/crapware, so I won't try to install a current version.",
"\n\nI get adequate performance with IND$FILE. ",
"Not great, and certainly not what you should get with a proper FTP linkup, but adequate for my purposes."
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"[Responses of changium smyrnioides seedlings survival and growth to light intensity].",
"\nChangium smyrnioides, a monotypic species in Umbellaceae, can only be found in Yangtze Rive basin in China, and its seedlings are rare in natural habitats. ",
"The study on the effects of light intensity on C. smyrnioides seedlings survival and growth showed that the seedlings had the highest survival rate under higher light intensity (65% of direct sun light) but the lowest one under 25% of direct sun light, indicating that medium light intensity was propitious to seedlings establishment. ",
"The seedlings growth of C. smyrnioides was also the best under 65% of direct sun light, showing the maximum values of growth rate, total leaf area, leaf biomass, root biomass, and total biomass. ",
"Low temperature pregermination gave five times higher seedlings biomass than normal germination, and helped the seedlings enduring disadvantageous environment, which provided a new approach to planting and protecting C. Smyrnioides."
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"Q:\n\nCase insensitive sort array\n\nSome time ago looking on the threads on array sorting I had come up with the following:\npublic function sortList(&$objects, $on, $order = 'ASC') {\n $comparer = ($order === 'DESC') \n ? \"",
"return -strcmp(\\$a->{$on},\\$b->{$on});\" \n : \"return strcmp(\\$a->{$on},\\$b->{$on});\"; \nusort($objects, create_function('$a,$b', $comparer)); \nreturn $objects;\n}\n\nThe above code works fine, the only problem is that it is case sensitive, whereas I'd like it to be case insensitive.",
"\nWould it be possible without rewriting the whole thing?",
"\n\nA:\n\nUse strcasecmp instead of strcmp.",
"\n\n"
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"CILANTRO HAIR CONDITIONER\n\nMalin + Goetz' gentle, daily conditioner, scientifically synthesizes natural cilantro with absorbent botanical fatty acids. ",
"It effectively hydrates and ph balances all hair and scalp types, unlike traditionally greasy oils that weigh down hair and silicones that coat the hair shaft and irritate the scalp. ",
"Blended for advanced, residue-free conditioning and detangling, you can rinse it out in the shower or leave it in, it is easily integrated into your daily regimen. ",
"Select ingredients include shea butter for moisturing and nourishing, and cilantro for refreshment."
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[
"I am happy to address this conference, now in its eighth year, and endorse Atlanta Fed President Jack Guynn's choice of topic. ",
"Many of us, with the benefit of hindsight, have been endeavoring for nearly two years to distill the critical lessons from the global crises of 1997 and 1998. ",
"Your contributions to this analysis are timely and useful.",
"\n\nKnowing that you have touched on a number of topics over the last few days, I wanted to focus on some of the issues I raised at the most recent meetings of the IMF and World Bank; in particular, why the financial turmoil engendered by disruption in Asia resulted in a crisis longer and deeper than we expected in its early days. ",
"In a sense, I am turning the question posed by this conference--Do efficient financial markets contribute to financial crises?--on its head by asking whether efficient financial markets mitigate financial crises.",
"\n\nTo answer the question, we need to look at the financial market situation of just over a year ago. ",
"Following the Russian default of August 1998, public capital markets in the United States virtually seized up. ",
"For a time, not even investment-grade bond issuers could find reasonable takers. ",
"While Federal Reserve easing shortly thereafter doubtless was a factor, it is not credible that this move fully explained the dramatic restoration of most, though not all, markets in a matter of weeks. ",
"The problems in our markets appeared too deep-seated to be readily unwound solely by a cumulative 75 basis point ease in overnight rates.",
"\n\nArguably, at least as important was the existence of backup financial institutions, especially commercial banks, that replaced the intermediation function of the public capital\nmarkets. ",
"As public debt issuance fell, commercial bank lending accelerated, effectively filling in some of the funding gap. ",
"Even though bankers also moved significantly to risk aversion, previously committed lines of credit, in conjunction with Federal Reserve ease, were an adequate backstop to business financing, and the impact on the real economy of the capital market turmoil was blunted. ",
"Firms were able to sustain production, and business and consumer confidence was not threatened. ",
"A vicious circle of the initial disruption leading to losses and then further erosion in the financial sector never got established.",
"\n\nCapital Market Alternatives\n\nWhat we perceived in the United States in 1998 may reflect an important general principle: Multiple alternatives to transform an economy's savings into capital investment act as backup facilities should the primary form of intermediation fail. ",
"In 1998 in the United States, banking replaced the capital markets. ",
"Far more often it has been the other way around, as it was most recently in the United States a decade ago.",
"\n\nWhen American banks stopped lending in 1990, as a consequence of a collapse in the value of real estate collateral, the capital markets were able to substitute for the loss of bank financial intermediation. ",
"Interestingly, the then recently developed mortgage-backed securities market kept residential mortgage credit flowing, which in prior years would have contracted sharply. ",
"Arguably, without the capital market backing, the mild recession of 1991 could have been far more severe.",
"\n\nOur mild recession in 1991 offers a stark contrast with the long-lasting problems of Japan, whose financial system is an example of predominantly bank-based financial intermediation. ",
"The keiretsu conglomerate system, as you know, centers on a \"main bank,\" leaving corporations especially dependent on banks for credit. ",
"Thus, one consequence of Japan's banking crisis has been a protracted credit crunch. ",
"Some Japanese corporations did go to the markets to pick up the slack. ",
"Domestic corporate bonds outstanding have more than doubled over the decade while total bank loans have been almost flat. ",
"Nonetheless, banks are such a dominant source of funding in Japan that this increase in nonbank lending has not been sufficient to avert a credit crunch.",
"\n\nThe Japanese government is injecting funds into the banking system in order to recapitalize it. ",
"While it has made some important efforts, it has yet to make significant progress in diversifying the financial system. ",
"This could be a key element, although not the only one, in promoting long-term recovery. ",
"Japan's banking crisis is also ultimately likely to be much more expensive to resolve than the American crisis, again providing prima facie evidence that financial diversity helps limit the effect of economic shocks.",
"\n\nThis leads one to wonder how severe East Asia's problems would have been during the past eighteen months had those economies not relied so heavily on banks as their means of financial intermediation. ",
"One can readily understand that the purchase of unhedged short-term dollar liabilities to be invested in Thai baht domestic loans would at some point trigger a halt in lending by Thailand's banks if the dollar exchange rate did not hold. ",
"But why did the economy need to collapse when lending did? ",
"Had a functioning capital market existed, along with all the necessary financial infrastructure, the outcome might well have been far more benign.",
"\n\nBefore the crisis broke, there was little reason to question the three decades of phenomenally solid East Asian economic growth, largely financed through the banking system. ",
"The rapidly expanding economies and bank credit growth kept the ratio of nonperforming loans to total bank assets low. ",
"The failure to have backup forms of intermediation was of little consequence. ",
"The lack of a spare tire is of no concern if you do not get a flat. ",
"East Asia had no spare tires.",
"\n\nManaging Bank Crises\n\nBanks, being highly leveraged institutions, have, throughout their history, periodically fallen into crisis. ",
"The classic problem of bank risk management is to achieve an always-elusive degree of leverage that creates an adequate return on equity without threatening default.",
"\n\nThe success rate has never approached 100 percent, except where banks are credibly guaranteed, usually by their governments, in the currency of their liabilities. ",
"But even that exception is by no means ironclad, especially when that currency is foreign. ",
"One can wonder whether in the United States of the nineteenth century, when banks were also virtually the sole intermediaries, numerous banking crises would have been as disabling if alternative means of intermediation were available.",
"\n\nIn dire circumstances, modern central banks have provided liquidity, but fear is not always assuaged by cash. ",
"Even with increased liquidity, banks do not lend in unstable periods. ",
"The Japanese banking system today is an example: The Bank of Japan has created massive liquidity, yet bank lending has responded little. ",
"But unlike the United States a decade ago, alternative sources of finance are not yet readily available.",
"\n\nThe case of Sweden's banking crisis in the early 1990s, in contrast to America's savings and loan crisis of the 1980s and Japan's current banking crisis, illustrates another factor that often comes into play with banking sector problems: Speedy resolution is good, whereas delay can significantly increase the fiscal and economic costs of a crisis. ",
"Resolving a banking-sector crisis often involves government outlays because of implicit or explicit government safety net guarantees for banks. ",
"Accordingly, the political difficulty in raising taxpayer funds has often meant delayed resolution. ",
"Delay, of course, can add to the fiscal costs and prolong a credit crunch.",
"\n\nExperience tells us that alternatives within an economy for the process of financial intermediation can protect that economy when one of those financial sectors undergoes a shock. ",
"Australia serves as an interesting test case in the most recent Asian financial turmoil. ",
"Despite its close trade and financial ties to Asia, the Australian economy exhibited few signs of contagion from contiguous economies, arguably because Australia already had well-developed capital markets as well as a sturdy banking system. ",
"But going further, it is plausible that the dividends of financial diversity extend to more normal times as well. ",
"The existence of alternatives may well insulate all aspects of a financial system from breakdown.",
"\n\nDiverse capital markets, aside from acting as backup to the credit process in times of stress, compete with a banking system to lower financing costs for all borrowers in more normal circumstances. ",
"Over the decades, capital markets and banking systems have interacted to create, develop, and promote new instruments that improved the efficiency of capital creation and risk bearing in our economies. ",
"Products for the most part have arisen within the banking system, where they evolved from being specialized instruments for one borrower to having more standardized characteristics.",
"\n\nAt the point that standardization became sufficient, the product migrated to open capital markets, where trading expanded to a wider class of borrowers, tapping the savings of larger groups. ",
"Money market mutual funds, futures contracts, junk bonds, and asset-backed securities are all examples of this process at work.",
"\n\nOnce capital markets and traded instruments came into existence, they offered banks new options for hedging their idiosyncratic risks and shifted their business from holding to originating loans. ",
"Bank trading, in turn, helped these markets to grow. ",
"The technology-driven innovations of recent years have facilitated the expansion of this process to a global scale. ",
"Positions taken by international investors within one country are now being hedged in the capital markets of another: so-called proxy hedging.",
"\n\nBuilding Financial Infrastructure\n\nBut developments of the past two years have provided abundant evidence that where a domestic financial system is not sufficiently robust, the consequences for a real economy of participating in this new, complex global system can be most unwelcome.",
"\n\nIt is not surprising that banking systems emerge as the first financial intermediary in market economies as economic integration intensifies. ",
"Banks can marshal scarce information about the creditworthiness of borrowers to guide decisions about the allocation of capital. ",
"The addition of capital market alternatives is possible only if scarce real resources are devoted to building a financial infrastructure--a laborious process whose payoff is often experienced only decades later. ",
"The process is difficult to initiate, especially in emerging economies that are struggling to edge above the poverty level, because of the perceived need to concentrate on high short-term rates of return to capital rather than to accept more moderate returns stretched over a longer horizon.",
"\n\nWe must continually remind ourselves that a financial infrastructure is composed of a broad set of institutions whose functioning, like all else in a society, must be consistent with the underlying value system. ",
"On the surface, financial infrastructure appears to be a strictly technical concern. ",
"It includes accounting standards that accurately portray the condition of the firm, legal systems that reliably provide for the protection of property and the enforcement of contracts, and bankruptcy provisions that lend assurance in advance as to how claims will be resolved in the inevitable result that some business decisions prove to be mistakes. ",
"Such an infrastructure promotes transparency within enterprises and allows corporate governance procedures that facilitate the trading of claims on businesses using standardized instruments rather than idiosyncratic bank loans. ",
"But the development of such institutions almost invariably is molded by the culture of a society. ",
"Arguably the notion of property rights in today's Russia is subliminally biased by a Soviet education that inculcated a highly negative view of individual property ownership. ",
"The antipathy to the \"loss of face\" in Asia makes it difficult to institute, for example, the bankruptcy procedures of Western nations, and in the West we each differ owing to deep-seated views of creditor-debtor relationships. ",
"Corporate governance that defines the distribution of power invariably reflects the most profoundly held societal views about the appropriate interaction of parties in business transactions. ",
"It is thus not a simple matter to append a capital markets infrastructure to an economy developed without it. ",
"Accordingly, instituting convergence across countries of domestic financial infrastructures or even of the components tied to international transactions is a very difficult task.",
"\n\nIndeed, weaknesses in financial infrastructure made Asian banking systems more vulnerable before the crisis and have impeded resolution of the crisis subsequently. ",
"Lack of transparency coupled with an implicit government guarantee for banks encouraged investors to lend too much to banks too cheaply, with the consequence that capital was not allocated efficiently. ",
"Poor bankruptcy laws and procedures have made recovery on nonperforming bank loans a long and costly procedure. ",
"Moreover, the lack of transparency and of a legal infrastructure for enforcing contracts and collecting debts in Russia are a prime cause of the dearth of financial intermediation in Russia at this time.",
"\n\nNonetheless, the competitive pressures toward convergence will be a formidable force in the future if, as I suspect, additional forms of financial intermediation are seen as benefiting an economy. ",
"Moreover, a broader financial infrastructure will likely also strengthen the environment for the banking system and enhance its performance.",
"\n\nA recent study by Ross Levine and Sara Zervos suggests that financial market development improves economic performance, over and above the benefits offered by banking sector development alone. ",
"The results are consistent with the idea that financial markets and banks provide useful, but different, bundles of financial services and that utilizing both will almost surely result in a more robust and more efficient process of capital allocation.",
"\n\nIt is no coincidence that the lack of adequate accounting practices, bankruptcy provisions, and corporate governance have been mentioned as elements in several of the recent crises that so disrupted some emerging-market countries. ",
"Had these been present, along with the capital markets they would have supported, the consequences of the initial shocks of early 1997 might well have been quite different.",
"\n\nIt is noteworthy that the financial systems of most continental European countries escaped much of the turmoil of the past two years. ",
"And looking back over recent decades, we find fewer examples in continental Europe of banking crises sparked by real estate booms and busts or episodes of credit crunch of the sort I have mentioned in the United States and Japan.",
"\n\nUntil recently, the financial sectors of continental Europe were dominated by universal banks, and capital markets are still less well developed there than in the United States or the United Kingdom. ",
"The experiences of these universal banking systems may suggest that it is possible for some bank-based systems, when adequately supervised and grounded in a strong legal and regulatory framework, to function robustly. ",
"But these banking systems have also had substantial participation of publicly owned banks. ",
"Such institutions rarely exhibit the dynamism and innovation that many private banks have employed for their, and their economies', prosperity. ",
"Government participation often distorts the allocation of capital to its most productive uses and undermines the reliability of price signals. ",
"But at times when market adjustment processes might have proved inadequate to prevent a banking crisis, such a government presence in the banking system can provide implicit guarantees of resources to keep credit flowing, even if its direction is suboptimal.",
"\n\nIn Germany, for example, publicly controlled banking groups account for nearly 40 percent of the assets of all banks taken together. ",
"Elsewhere in Europe, the numbers are less but still sizable. ",
"In short, there is some evidence to suggest that insurance against destabilizing credit crises has been purchased with a less efficient utilization of capital. ",
"It is perhaps noteworthy that this realization has helped engender a downsizing of public ownership of commercial banks in Europe, coupled with rapid development of heretofore modest capital markets, changes which appear to be moving continental Europe's financial system closer to the structure evident in Britain and the United States.",
"\n\nContinental European countries may gain an additional benefit from the increased development of their capital markets. ",
"With increased concentration of national banking systems, which will likely be followed by increased concentration of Europe-wide banking, comes the risk of an unusually large impact should the health of a megabank become impaired, causing the bank to curtail its lending. ",
"Having well-developed capital markets would likely help to mitigate these effects, as more firms would have alternative sources of funds.",
"\n\nConclusion\n\nImproving domestic banking systems in emerging markets will help to limit the toll of the next financial disturbance. ",
"But if, as I presume, diversity within the financial sector provides insurance against a financial problem turning into economy-wide distress, then steps to foster the development of capital markets in those economies should also have an especial urgency. ",
"Moreover, the difficult groundwork for building the necessary financial infrastructure--improved accounting standards, bankruptcy procedures, legal frameworks, and disclosure--will pay dividends of their own.",
"\n\nThe rapidly developing international financial system has clearly intensified competitive forces that have enhanced standards of living throughout most of the world. ",
"It is important that we develop domestic financial structures that facilitate and protect our international financial and trading systems, a process that will require much energy and commitment in the years ahead."
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"package:\n name: autograd\n # there are ways to derive version from other sources; for now, it's hard-coded\n version: 1.1.1\n\nsource:\n {% if not environ.get('BINSTAR_PLATFORM', None) %}\n git_url: ../\n {% else %}\n # we're building on binstar, we already have the repo; treat as local path\n path: ../\n {% endif %}\n\nrequirements:\n build:\n - python\n - setuptools\n - future\n - numpy >=1.9\n\n run:\n - python\n - future\n - numpy >=1.9\n\nbuild:\n script: python setup.py build && python setup.py install\n\ntest:\n # Python imports\n imports:\n - autograd\n - autograd.numpy\n\nabout:\n home: https://github.com/HIPS/autograd\n license: MIT\n summary: 'Efficiently computes derivatives of numpy code.'",
"\n"
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"Music Video featuring Hold It Against Me by Britney Spears.",
"Written by Max Martin, Dr. Luke, Bonnie McKee and Billboard. (",
"C) 2011 JIVE Records, a unit of Sony Music Entertainment.",
"I do not own the music it belongs to the above."
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"Researchers at Harvard University have devised a real-life Pokéball, but it’s not to collect otherworldly creatures for battle. ",
"Instead, they’re working with marine biologists to capture little-studied sea creatures in a way that does not harm them.",
"\n\nTheir cutting-edge technology is inspired by origami, and built with 3D-printed panels and soft edges to make sure marine animals don’t get hurt when the device closes around them. ",
"Watch the video above to see it in action, and hear the researchers explain how the design could be a breakthrough in ocean research."
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[
"Support Autism Girls and Boys during Puberty\n\nAutism girls and boys become very much anxious and frightened when they reach puberty. ",
"This is a new level of their life to become an adult. ",
"The parents of the autism children have a very big role to play during this transition period of their children. ",
"They are to provide extra support to them in every step so that they can remain calm and quiet and handle the situation effectively and efficiently.",
"\n\nPuberty is the series of the physiological transformation of a child to turn him/her into a mature man/woman capable of reproduction. ",
"It is the time when they become sexually mature. ",
"During this time there are some physical changes in them, and some of them are visible from outside.",
"\n\nPuberty is the time when the brain starts producing hormones. ",
"These hormones travel to the testicles of the boys through the blood stream and give the signal of sperm production. ",
"On the other hand, the hormones of the girls travel to the ovaries and prepare her for pregnancy.",
"\n\nGenerally, puberty in the girls comes at the age of 10-14 years and the boys at 12-16. ",
"But it varies sometimes. ",
"Like the girls may attain puberty even at 7 years age and the boys at 9 years. ",
"The puberty period lasts till all the changes are completed in the human body. ",
"Both the girls and boys grow rapidly at the beginning of the puberty and stop growing when puberty is completed.",
"\n\nAutism children are delayed in development in the every stage of life. ",
"But the puberty comes in their life at the age similar to the normal children and last for the similar period.",
"\n\nIn this article, I am going to explain the different changes of the girls and boys during puberty and the guide for the parents to support their children during puberty.",
"\n\nSymptoms of Puberty\n\nThere are some major changes occur in the body of the girls which are as follows:\n\nThe whole body gets curvier\n\nThe Skin gets oilier\n\nBreasts start to develop\n\nArmpit and pubic hairs grow\n\nSometimes acne grows\n\nHip bones become wider\n\nMuscles get bigger and stronger\n\nMenstruation starts (sometimes there might be some white discharge before starting the actual menstruation)\n\nThe boys have following changes during puberty:\n\nThe Skin gets oilier\n\nFacial and armpit hairs grow\n\nShoulder gets wider\n\nPubic hairs grow\n\nPenis and testicles get longer\n\nMuscles get bigger and stronger\n\nThe voice changes\n\nSometimes grows acne.",
"\n\nBoys might have wet dreams.",
"\n\nGenerally, the autism children do not like to accept any change in their life. ",
"They become anxious and frightened when these changes occur in their body, and they cannot accept it due to their natural instinct. ",
"So, puberty is a very challenging stage of human development for the autistic children, not only physically but also mentally and emotionally. ",
"As such, the parents have the major responsibility to support them actively at this stage of their life.",
"\n\nHow to Support autism girls and boys\n\nThe girls and boys might have lots of questions in their mind about these new changes in their body during puberty. ",
"So, parents need to have necessary preparation to handle thei\n\nr girls/boys at this time. ",
"As the children are not capable of handling the new situations of the puberty, the parents are to support them very actively.",
"\n\nThey are to start counseling their children on different aspects of puberty well ahead of its starting. ",
"They should request the teachers/caregivers to brief the autism children on the matter. ",
"As a result, they will be mentally prepared to accept the changes.",
"\n\nIf the autism girls and boys are non-verbal, the responsibility of the parents is much more. ",
"You may show your photograph of the different stages of your life to them to make them understand about human growth and puberty. ",
"You may also narrate the story of your puberty time which will help them to understand puberty.",
"\n\nThere are instances when the autism boys and girls reach the puberty, they try to tear the under-arm and pubic hair and sometimes make them injured to bleeding as they feel irritating of those extra hairs. ",
"These are the cases when the parents would stand beside them and support them. ",
"They are to be motivated not to tear those rather teach them to clean those in a proper manner.",
"\n\nThe parents are to teach their autistic children how to shave those hairs regularly. ",
"Initially, the parents are to teach them how to do it. ",
"Then they are to be told to do it under the guidance of the parents. ",
"Finally, they are to be told to do it on their own and practice it regularly. ",
"If those are not shaved regularly, there might be infections.",
"\n\nActually, those are to be taught like the teaching of brushing the teeth, toilet training, combing the hair etc. ",
"If require, teach them through picture books, cartoons etc. ",
"The children can be given some books on puberty to read if s/he is capable of reading and learning.",
"\n\nWe have taught many things to our son Ferdous Mahi in the above-mentioned ways during his puberty. ",
"We taught him how to brush the teeth and how to use the toilet from the very beginning of his childhood and taught him how to shave the beard and clean the armpit and pubic hairs during puberty. ",
"Now he can look after all his personal hygiene on his own. ",
"Fortunately, he did not grow any sense of sexuality as yet.",
"\n\nAdditional points on puberty\n\nThe parents are to teach their daughters not to be on the bare body once the breasts have grown larger. ",
"Definitely, they might not care for it, but the mother needs to be very careful so that she cannot go out of the home without any clothes over the body.",
"\n\nTry to make them understand that the body belongs to her and inform her who can see it and who can touch her body. ",
"Tell her that nobody is allowed to touch or see her body except her mother, caregiver, and the doctor.",
"\n\nIf she is dependent on others for her basic needs, teach her who all are the safe people for her. ",
"The safe people might be the doctor who is responsible for her treatment and the caregiver who is responsible for her toileting, bathing, and dressing.",
"\n\nI know a family where the autism boy used to embrace any girl/women comes in their home. ",
"It was a matter of embarrassment for the parents. ",
"One day he embraced his mother. ",
"The next day the parents sent him in the home. ",
"Actually, the boy could not control his excitement due to puberty.",
"\n\nThe parents are to take proper care of the different changes in their autism boys. ",
"They are to understand their mental changes and act accordingly. ",
"If it is found that your autism boy is out of control due to sexual reason, then take him to the toilet and make his ejaculation.",
"\n\nIf your autism boy understands about the sexuality and can manage a family, get him married. ",
"This will help to avoid any social nuisance.",
"\n\nHandling menstruation of autism girls during puberty\n\nThe menstruation is a very difficult situation to handle during puberty of your autism daughter. ",
"The menstruation of the girls generally starts after 1 or 2 years of the beginning of the puberty. ",
"So, prepare your autistic girl mentally before starting the first period. ",
"Tell her that it is normal for everybody, so accept it normally.",
"\n\nGenerally, the menstruation cycle of the daughter follows the mother’s one. ",
"The mother would tell her daughter that it is a 7 day’s matter and it comes after every 28 days. ",
"Make a calendar to let her know when it comes next. ",
"It will reduce her anxiety and fear.",
"\n\nTeach her how to put on the pads or tampons during menstruation. ",
"Practice her wearing the pads before menstruation starts. ",
"If require put on a pad yourself in front of her to teach her practically. ",
"Dolls can also be used for demonstration purpose. ",
"Then tell her to put on another pad under your guidance. ",
"Initially, she may not be comfortable with the pad and may open it in your absence. ",
"Watch it closely.",
"\n\nNow a day, you will get some pads in the market which shows details description of its use including some pictures on how to use it. ",
"These are also an easy way to teach them how to use the pads. ",
"Teach her how to dispose of the pads. ",
"Otherwise, she might through it here and there and create an odd situation.",
"\n\nChange her pad before it is fully wet. ",
"Since it is very difficult to understand when it is fully wet, so make a routine and change it in the morning after she gets up from the bed, at lunchtime, in the evening and before going to the bed.",
"\n\nOr else, you can make a time table like changing the pad every after 3 or 4 hours as per requirement. ",
"After 2/3 cycles of her periods, you will be able to understand when to change it. ",
"Follow it rigidly, so that your autism girl does not feel uncomfortable.",
"\n\nIf the pads need to be changed at the school, inform the teacher so that she can take care of her. ",
"It is better not to stop her going to the school rather the teacher should be informed about her period so that the teacher can take her proper care.",
"\n\nGenerally, a girl feels sleepy after lunch during and before her period. ",
"Give her a chance to sleep at the day time. ",
"The women experience food craving during the period and one week before period. ",
"It may also happen with your daughter. ",
"If your daughter is non-verbal, give her enough food on your own.",
"\n\nIncrease protein foods in her diet to stabilize her blood sugar as the blood sugar is decreased during menstruation. ",
"They also like any food with sugar or salt.",
"\n\nSome girls might have Pre-Menstrual-Syndrome (PMS) for which they feel tired, tense, weepy, irritated, upset, headache, or bloated before and after starting the menstruation. ",
"Pay extra attention to your autism girls especially if they are non-verbal.",
"\n\nYour daughter might feel cramp or pain at the belly during her period. ",
"If require give her some pain killer/pain reliever after consulting the gynecologists.",
"\n\nDress-up her with loose clothes during ministration period so that she feels comfortable.",
"\n\nAt the beginning of her first period set up a regular appointment to the gynecologist for your daughter.",
"\n\nProtecting autism girls during puberty and beyond\n\nExperiencing puberty means being mature in all respect to become a mother. ",
"Since your daughter is an autistic baby, special care to be taken to protect her from any sexual harassment.",
"\n\nAccording to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), approximately 1 in 6 boys and 1 in 4 girls suffer from sexual abuse before the age of 18 years. ",
"These are the cases which are disclosed and counted, but there are lots of incidents which remain behind the veil.",
"\n\nThe mothers of the autistic girls have the full-time responsibility to look after their daughter and protect her from any accidental sexual abuse or sexual harassment. ",
"I have already mentioned that a huge percentage of girls are abused before their 18 years age. ",
"Since they do not understand its good/bad and some of them cannot speak, there are some people who take the chance and abuse them or harass them.",
"\n\nThough it is the statistics of developed countries, it is never less in the developing countries. ",
"We do not have any system to bring out any statistics and the families are also very conservatives, so many cases remain unnoticed.",
"\n\nLike the normal women, autism girls also feel sexually aroused during puberty. ",
"But guide them so that they are not indulged in any immoral activities with emotion.",
"\n\nConclusion\n\nPuberty is a very critical period for the autism girls and the boys. ",
"The parents have very important role to play during puberty of their children. ",
"They are to guide them and teach them at the different stages of puberty. ",
"There is no shame in teaching your girls and boys how to handle the different situation of her puberty. ",
"It is a natural phenomenon for every man and woman.",
"\n\nSince your autism girls have the limitation of learning the things in an easy way, you have to take proper care of her. ",
"Moreover, she has the problem of protecting her, so you are to be visible to monitor your teenage girls each and every moment. ",
"The responsibility of the parents of protecting their autism girls and boys start at the puberty but it continues beyond it.",
"\n\nIf they are not self-dependent the parents are to look after their safety till death. ",
"So, all out effort must be made to support them to become self-dependent."
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[
"Q:\n\nextract or analyse visual information from an image\n\ni'm just curious if someone knows how to analyse an image. ",
"for example:\ni have a heatmap picture, know i want to extract the color value and the x,y coordiantes and redraw the image with javascript & canvas.",
"\nAnother example would be to recognize pattern in the image (lines, arrows) and extract the direction and length.",
"\n\nA:\n\nA popular image/video analysis library I would recommend is OpenCV. ",
"I have used this github fork of the ruby-opencv gem with success. ",
"If you scroll down on the readme file, you'll see an example on face detection. ",
"The unit tests demonstrate how to do other things like drawing shapes and such. ",
"At a glance, I don't see any tests on extracting pixel data, but it most definitely is possible.",
"\nIf you need something more simple, you can try out devil. ",
"It's more user-friendly and is focused on image manipulation, but you can probably extract pixel data with it.",
"\nIt sounds like you'll be leaning towards OpenCV. ",
"It might be useful to look at this previous question, specifically the mention of the Hough transform\n\n"
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[
"// Copyright 2018 The Go Authors. ",
"All rights reserved.",
"\n// Use of this source code is governed by a BSD-style\n// license that can be found in the LICENSE file.",
"\n\n// Package sockstest provides utilities for SOCKS testing.",
"\npackage sockstest\n\nimport (\n\t\"errors\"\n\t\"io\"\n\t\"net\"\n\n\t\"golang.org/x/net/internal/nettest\"\n\t\"golang.org/x/net/internal/socks\"\n)\n\n// An AuthRequest represents an authentication request.",
"\ntype AuthRequest struct {\n\tVersion int\n\tMethods []socks.",
"AuthMethod\n}\n\n// ParseAuthRequest parses an authentication request.",
"\nfunc ParseAuthRequest(b []byte) (*AuthRequest, error) {\n\tif len(b) < 2 {\n\t\treturn nil, errors.",
"New(\"short auth request\")\n\t}\n\tif b[0] !",
"= socks.",
"Version5 {\n\t\treturn nil, errors.",
"New(\"unexpected protocol version\")\n\t}\n\tif len(b)-2 < int(b[1]) {\n\t\treturn nil, errors.",
"New(\"short auth request\")\n\t}\n\treq := &AuthRequest{Version: int(b[0])}\n\tif b[1] > 0 {\n\t\treq.",
"Methods = make([]socks.",
"AuthMethod, b[1])\n\t\tfor i, m := range b[2 : 2+b[1]] {\n\t\t\treq.",
"Methods[i] = socks.",
"AuthMethod(m)\n\t\t}\n\t}\n\treturn req, nil\n}\n\n// MarshalAuthReply returns an authentication reply in wire format.",
"\nfunc MarshalAuthReply(ver int, m socks.",
"AuthMethod) ([]byte, error) {\n\treturn []byte{byte(ver), byte(m)}, nil\n}\n\n// A CmdRequest repesents a command request.",
"\ntype CmdRequest struct {\n\tVersion int\n\tCmd socks.",
"Command\n\tAddr socks.",
"Addr\n}\n\n// ParseCmdRequest parses a command request.",
"\nfunc ParseCmdRequest(b []byte) (*CmdRequest, error) {\n\tif len(b) < 7 {\n\t\treturn nil, errors.",
"New(\"short cmd request\")\n\t}\n\tif b[0] !",
"= socks.",
"Version5 {\n\t\treturn nil, errors.",
"New(\"unexpected protocol version\")\n\t}\n\tif socks.",
"Command(b[1]) !",
"= socks.",
"CmdConnect {\n\t\treturn nil, errors.",
"New(\"unexpected command\")\n\t}\n\tif b[2] !",
"= 0 {\n\t\treturn nil, errors.",
"New(\"non-zero reserved field\")\n\t}\n\treq := &CmdRequest{Version: int(b[0]), Cmd: socks.",
"Command(b[1])}\n\tl := 2\n\toff := 4\n\tswitch b[3] {\n\tcase socks.",
"AddrTypeIPv4:\n\t\tl += net.",
"IPv4len\n\t\treq.",
"Addr.",
"IP = make(net.",
"IP, net.",
"IPv4len)\n\tcase socks.",
"AddrTypeIPv6:\n\t\tl += net.",
"IPv6len\n\t\treq.",
"Addr.",
"IP = make(net.",
"IP, net.",
"IPv6len)\n\tcase socks.",
"AddrTypeFQDN:\n\t\tl += int(b[4])\n\t\toff = 5\n\tdefault:\n\t\treturn nil, errors.",
"New(\"unknown address type\")\n\t}\n\tif len(b[off:]) < l {\n\t\treturn nil, errors.",
"New(\"short cmd request\")\n\t}\n\tif req.",
"Addr.",
"IP !",
"= nil {\n\t\tcopy(req.",
"Addr.",
"IP, b[off:])\n\t} else {\n\t\treq.",
"Addr.",
"Name = string(b[off : off+l-2])\n\t}\n\treq.",
"Addr.",
"Port = int(b[off+l-2])<<8 | int(b[off+l-1])\n\treturn req, nil\n}\n\n// MarshalCmdReply returns a command reply in wire format.",
"\nfunc MarshalCmdReply(ver int, reply socks.",
"Reply, a *socks.",
"Addr) ([]byte, error) {\n\tb := make([]byte, 4)\n\tb[0] = byte(ver)\n\tb[1] = byte(reply)\n\tif a.Name !",
"= \"\" {\n\t\tif len(a.",
"Name) > 255 {\n\t\t\treturn nil, errors.",
"New(\"fqdn too long\")\n\t\t}\n\t\tb[3] = socks.",
"AddrTypeFQDN\n\t\tb = append(b, byte(len(a.",
"Name)))\n\t\tb = append(b, a.Name...)\n\t} else if ip4 := a.IP.To4(); ip4 !",
"= nil {\n\t\tb[3] = socks.",
"AddrTypeIPv4\n\t\tb = append(b, ip4...)\n\t} else if ip6 := a.IP.To16(); ip6 !",
"= nil {\n\t\tb[3] = socks.",
"AddrTypeIPv6\n\t\tb = append(b, ip6...)\n\t} else {\n\t\treturn nil, errors.",
"New(\"unknown address type\")\n\t}\n\tb = append(b, byte(a.",
"Port>>8), byte(a.",
"Port))\n\treturn b, nil\n}\n\n// A Server repesents a server for handshake testing.",
"\ntype Server struct {\n\tln net.",
"Listener\n}\n\n// Addr rerurns a server address.",
"\nfunc (s *Server) Addr() net.",
"Addr {\n\treturn s.ln.",
"Addr()\n}\n\n// TargetAddr returns a fake final destination address.",
"\n//\n// The returned address is only valid for testing with Server.",
"\nfunc (s *Server) TargetAddr() net.",
"Addr {\n\ta := s.ln.",
"Addr()\n\tswitch a := a.(type) {\n\tcase *net.",
"TCPAddr:\n\t\tif a.IP.To4() !",
"= nil {\n\t\t\treturn &net.",
"TCPAddr{IP: net.",
"IPv4(127, 0, 0, 1), Port: 5963}\n\t\t}\n\t\tif a.IP.To16() !",
"= nil && a.IP.To4() == nil {\n\t\t\treturn &net.",
"TCPAddr{IP: net.",
"IPv6loopback, Port: 5963}\n\t\t}\n\t}\n\treturn nil\n}\n\n// Close closes the server.",
"\nfunc (s *Server) Close() error {\n\treturn s.ln.",
"Close()\n}\n\nfunc (s *Server) serve(authFunc, cmdFunc func(io.",
"ReadWriter, []byte) error) {\n\tc, err := s.ln.",
"Accept()\n\tif err !",
"= nil {\n\t\treturn\n\t}\n\tdefer c.Close()\n\tgo s.serve(authFunc, cmdFunc)\n\tb := make([]byte, 512)\n\tn, err := c.Read(b)\n\tif err !",
"= nil {\n\t\treturn\n\t}\n\tif err := authFunc(c, b[:n]); err !",
"= nil {\n\t\treturn\n\t}\n\tn, err = c.Read(b)\n\tif err !",
"= nil {\n\t\treturn\n\t}\n\tif err := cmdFunc(c, b[:n]); err !",
"= nil {\n\t\treturn\n\t}\n}\n\n// NewServer returns a new server.",
"\n//\n// The provided authFunc and cmdFunc must parse requests and return\n// appropriate replies to clients.",
"\nfunc NewServer(authFunc, cmdFunc func(io.",
"ReadWriter, []byte) error) (*Server, error) {\n\tvar err error\n\ts := new(Server)\n\ts.ln, err = nettest.",
"NewLocalListener(\"tcp\")\n\tif err !",
"= nil {\n\t\treturn nil, err\n\t}\n\tgo s.serve(authFunc, cmdFunc)\n\treturn s, nil\n}\n\n// NoAuthRequired handles a no-authentication-required signaling.",
"\nfunc NoAuthRequired(rw io.",
"ReadWriter, b []byte) error {\n\treq, err := ParseAuthRequest(b)\n\tif err !",
"= nil {\n\t\treturn err\n\t}\n\tb, err = MarshalAuthReply(req.",
"Version, socks.",
"AuthMethodNotRequired)\n\tif err !",
"= nil {\n\t\treturn err\n\t}\n\tn, err := rw.",
"Write(b)\n\tif err !",
"= nil {\n\t\treturn err\n\t}\n\tif n !",
"= len(b) {\n\t\treturn errors.",
"New(\"short write\")\n\t}\n\treturn nil\n}\n\n// NoProxyRequired handles a command signaling without constructing a\n// proxy connection to the final destination.",
"\nfunc NoProxyRequired(rw io.",
"ReadWriter, b []byte) error {\n\treq, err := ParseCmdRequest(b)\n\tif err !",
"= nil {\n\t\treturn err\n\t}\n\treq.",
"Addr.",
"Port += 1\n\tif req.",
"Addr.",
"Name !",
"= \"\" {\n\t\treq.",
"Addr.",
"Name = \"boundaddr.doesnotexist\"\n\t} else if req.",
"Addr.",
"IP.To4() !",
"= nil {\n\t\treq.",
"Addr.",
"IP = net.",
"IPv4(127, 0, 0, 1)\n\t} else {\n\t\treq.",
"Addr.",
"IP = net.",
"IPv6loopback\n\t}\n\tb, err = MarshalCmdReply(socks.",
"Version5, socks.",
"StatusSucceeded, &req.",
"Addr)\n\tif err !",
"= nil {\n\t\treturn err\n\t}\n\tn, err := rw.",
"Write(b)\n\tif err !",
"= nil {\n\t\treturn err\n\t}\n\tif n !",
"= len(b) {\n\t\treturn errors.",
"New(\"short write\")\n\t}\n\treturn nil\n}\n"
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[
"Natalia Shelikhova\n\nNatalia Alekseevna Shelikhova (Russian: Ната́лья Алексе́евна Ше́лихова; 1762-1810), was a Russian businessperson and the spouse of Grigory Shelikhov, founder of Russian Alaska. ",
"She was one of the founders of the Russian-American Company and has been referred to as one of the first successful female entrepreneurs in Russia.",
"\n\nLife\nNatalia Alekseevna Kozhevina was the daughter of a prominent clan of Okhotsk navigators and mapmakers. ",
"She had very little education during her childhood. ",
"In 1775, Natalia Alekseevna married the fur trader Grigory Shelikhov. ",
"They founded the Shelikhov-Golikov Company in 1782.",
"\n\nIn the late 1780s, the couple settled in Irkutsk. ",
"During the absence of Grigory Shelikhov, he entrusted the authority of his company to his wife, who handled all the affairs of the economy of the company and its business relations. ",
"She kept informed of all relevant news through the wives of generals, and the agents of her spouse reported directly to her. ",
"She also conducted business negotiations as the representative of her spouse. ",
"\nWomen's participation in trade and commerce on this level was very unusual in 18th-century Russia, but she managed to establish herself as an important person in society and enjoyed great respect even from officials, who referred to her by the honorary title of Mother. ",
"Though she lacked education, she reportedly made herself respected by a combination of firmness, charm and an ability to win people over. ",
"In 1795, her daughter Anna married the official Nikolai Rezanov, which gave the family a link to the government.",
"\n\nUpon the death of her spouse the same year, she applied for a permit to formally take over his company in her own name. ",
"This was controversial not only socially but also legally and led to a legal process that lasted for several years. ",
"During the process, she negotiated personally with the Russian government. ",
"In 1799, finally, her deal with the Russian government resulted in the foundation of the Russian-American Company.",
"\n\nThe Shelikhovs had five surviving daughters and one son.",
"\n\nReferences\n\n А. Ю. Петров «Образование Российско-Американской компании» — Москва: «Наука», 2000. ",
"\n\nCategory:1762 births\nCategory:1810 deaths\nCategory:History of Alaska\nCategory:Russian America\nCategory:Russian-American Company\nCategory:Fur traders\nCategory:18th-century Russian businesspeople\nCategory:19th-century Russian businesspeople\nCategory:Russian women in business"
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[
"Using Encapsulation for Semantic Markup\n\nPublished\nJune 2, 2014\nby\nChris Coyier\n\nThe following is a guest article by Chris Scott. ",
"Chris takes us through a great use case for the Shadow DOM. ",
"As designers, we may want to style something in a certain way, but sometimes end up having to go to war with HTML, CSS, and JS to get it done. ",
"And even then, the results can be weighty, hacky, and unsemantic. ",
"Shadow DOM might be able to save us from that, giving us a fresh place to use whatever HTML we need (need 20 empty elements? ",
"No problem!) ",
"without exposing that mess to the actual DOM (which would suck for accessibility, semantics, etc.)",
"\n\nFile inputs are notoriously hard to style. ",
"Let's say you want to use an SVG icon instead of the default button-and-filename styling.",
"\n\nThat is not a trivial styling change. ",
"Input elements are \"no content\" elements, i.e. an element that doesn't have a closing tag. ",
"Thus, there is nowhere to put an SVG element \"inside\" of it. ",
"So how might you go about this?",
"\n\nWell, let's take a progressive enhancement approach and start with the basic functionality:\n\n<form>\n<input type=\"file\"></input>\n</form>\n\nWhat do we get out of the box? ",
"Semantically, it's very descriptive: there's an element that allows the user to input a file. ",
"It's also functional: if you click on it a file system dialogue opens.",
"\n\nNow let's think about adding the icon. ",
"You could put the image near the input, perhaps using z-indexes and transparent inputs to retain the functionality of the input (like this). ",
"This approach is okay semantically (you have an input and an image) but it definitely feels hacky and is more difficult to test. ",
"Alternatively, you could use an <img> tag and drop the <input> altogether, but then you have all the issues of replicating the file input's functionality and you have lost a bunch of meaning from the markup.",
"\n\n(There are other ways you could go about this as well. ",
"For instance a label-with-hidden-input, but for the sake of getting to the point here, let's move on.)",
"\n\nShadow DOM\n\nA better approach, in my opinion, is using Shadow DOM. ",
"Shadow DOM is one of the ingredients to Web Components, and you can read up on all that here. ",
"I just want to talk about its semantic benefits, for now.",
"\n\nShadow DOM is described in the W3C draft spec as functional encapsulation or functional boundaries. ",
"That means we can encapsulate some design and pin it to an existing node on the DOM tree (called the Shadow Root). ",
"Returning to our example:\n\nTake a look at the result in the Pen above. ",
"This may look like a long-winded way of changing some HTML but that's not actually what happened. ",
"If you were to \"inspect element\" in your browser you would still see the original file input - no sign of a div at all. ",
"More to the point, if you click on the string the browser will pop up a file system dialogue. ",
"This is the crux of encapsulation: from the outside the input is still an input but if you traverse the functional boundary then it's not an input at all, it's a string. ",
"That means that we can make an input (or any other tag, for that matter) render in any way want. ",
"We can set the inner HTML of the Shadow Root to be any valid HTML and it will render as such. ",
"Including, of course, adding SVG.",
"\n\nClearly that isn't a particularly good looking alternative, but it's a start. ",
"And the HTML is simple and semantically correct. ",
"To take this further let's look at another tool in the HTML5 Web Components toolbox that's useful for this kind of thing: template tags.",
"\n\nTemplates\n\nTemplate tags are basically a way of building HTML that is not rendered. ",
"The cool thing about templates is that you can use JavaScript to inject the DOM from a template into an element elsewhere in the document. ",
"In this case, we can define a template for our fancy vector image file input and use that to define the Shadow DOM for actual input tags. ",
"Here's a suitable template:\n\nBringing it all together\n\nThe template element can be placed into the head of a document, and I think that's a nice place for it. ",
"The following Pen has the template we just defined in the head. ",
"If you open it on CodePen.io you can see the template by clicking the cog in the top left of the HTML panel.",
"\n\nPretty good, I reckon. ",
"Semantically, it's exactly the same as the vanilla HTML but it is visually completely bespoke.",
"\n\nBrowser support, polyfills and graceful degradation\n\nThere's some bad news (then more bad news and then a little, tiny glimmer of good news) in terms of support for Shadow DOM in browsers.",
"\n\nThe first piece of bad news is that editing Shadow DOM is, currently, only supported in WebKit/Blink browsers, using the prefixed element.webkitCreateShadowRoot() method. ",
"Firefox 30 should support Shadow DOM as well, though.",
"\n\nBad news number two: Polyfils may not support this use case - certainly Polymer doesn't. ",
"In the case of the Polymer platform, to understand why the polyfill doesn't behave as the native implementation does one needs to understand the mechanics of the polyfill. ",
"Essentially, the Polymer platform performs it's encapsulation by replacing native DOM nodes with wrappers. ",
"These wrappers emulate the behaviour of actual DOM nodes; for example, you can set the innerHTML of the wrapper as you would a native node. ",
"The wrappers maintain the so-called light DOM and shadow DOM. ",
"In terms of encapsulation, this works fairly well as the wrapper can intercept calls on the light side (such as the children getter) and hide the shadow DOM.",
"\n\nIn this example, the retieved inner HTML of the \"light\" DOM show the encapsulation working (there is no h1 tag). ",
"However, the polyfill has not used actual Shadow DOM (otherwise it wouldn't be a polyfill!) ",
"and you can verify that if you inspect the first div from the results. ",
"In the DOM, you will see, there is an h1 tag - not hidden in the Shadow DOM, just there. ",
"That's because, underneath the wrapper, the Polymer platform is just manipulating the regular DOM tree as there is no shadow root.",
"\n\nIn terms of the file input SVG icon that is not good. ",
"If one were to run the demo of the file input with the Polymer polyfill, as with the previous example, it would merely insert the img tag as a child of the input. ",
"If you recall, that is not allowed. ",
"An input is a void element and has no permitted child elements, so the browser will just ignore the img and style elements as invalid children. ",
"Here is a fork of the 'pen illustrating the issue; again, inspect the element and you can verify that the polyfill has added the template as children of the input.",
"\n\nAnd so, to the promised \"tiny glimmer of good news\"... Even though support is limited at the moment, I still think that it is justifiable to start using Shadow DOM to do things like this, now. ",
"Why? ",
"If your user's browser doesn't support Shadow DOM it will just render a normal file input. ",
"That's not a bad thing and considering the complex (read: hacky) alternatives I think Shadow DOM should be considered a plausible choice.",
"\n\nNotes on Shadow DOM, Web Components, etc\n\nThere are a huge number of use-cases for Shadow DOM and the related Web Components. ",
"This article has completely overlooked the advantages of encapsulation in terms of developing frameworks and widgets. ",
"For those interested it's worth reading the specs and getting to grips with Polymer.",
"\n\nIn respect to “why” at the very top, is it not actually as a result of it being a replaced element – coming from the OS level? ",
"The fact that it’s a self-closing tag shouldn’t really play into it too much, right?",
"\n\nIs the closing tag something that’s born out of the requirement for it to contain content? ",
"Maybe that should be mentioned to avoid confusion towards this non-standard markup.",
"\n\nOtherwise, looks awesome, can’t wait for greater shadowDOM support in the future.",
"\n\nI can’t understand why if you put more than one input, looks like apart from the first one the other inputs won’t get the template applied correctly.",
"\nAm I doing something wrong? ",
"I would expect multiple file input buttons. ",
"Here is my pen: http://codepen.io/napy84/pen/jsyIf\n\nThis comment thread is closed. ",
"If you have important information to share, you can always contact me.",
"\n\nTreehouse is where you go to learn HTML, CSS, and how to build iOS apps. ",
"It's a complete education in modern web and app technology, designed to get you ready for a hot new job or to kickstart your own business.",
"\n\nThe Lodge is a member login only area with access to video training on how to build websites from scratch using the best modern tools.",
"\n\nWhat now? ",
"I have some ideas for you.",
"\n\nGo explore CodePen!",
"\n\nAs a front end designer and developer, you should have an account on CodePen so you can save your snippets, present your ideas, and engage with other front end folk. ",
"I'd encourage you to go PRO as well, to unlock the full power of CodePen.",
"\n\nGet the newsletter!",
"\n\nYou should sign up for the CSS-Tricks newsletter. ",
"It's a clean copy of all the blog posts each week, combined together, right to your inbox. ",
"If email isn't your thing, there is an RSS feed, iTunes, and lots of other ways to subscribe.",
"\n\nListen to ShopTalk!",
"\n\nSubscribe to The Lodge!",
"\n\nThe Lodge is a members-only, ad-free video learning area here on CSS-Tricks. ",
"Just like the free screencasts, but organized into four large complete series. ",
"Membership is also the #1 best way to support CSS-Tricks.",
"\n\nWe can do the real footer now.",
"\n\nSite Links\n\nColophon\n\nCSS-Tricks* is created, written by, and maintained by Chris Coyier. ",
"It is built on WordPress, hosted by Media Temple, and the assets are served by MaxCDN. ",
"The fonts are Source Sans and Source Code Pro. ",
"It is made possible by viewers like you who subscribe to The Lodge and through advertising for products and services I like."
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[
"A Herndon, Va., cabdriver has been awarded $22,000 in a suit against a man who told police he couldn’t have been driving the speeding car that caused a crash because he was receiving oral sex in the back seat just before the accident.",
"\n\nJurors awarded damages to the 28-year-old cab driver, Abdu Omar, after a two-day trial, the Washington Post reports at its blog The State of NoVa. ",
"According to testimony by the officer on the scene, the defendant, Salem Trad, at first said his female passenger had been driving. ",
"Then Trad said he couldn’t have been driving because he was engaged in the sex act in the back seat.",
"\n\nAt trial, Trad testified he was asleep when the accident occurred and a male friend had been driving, The State of NoVa reports in a different post. ",
"The trooper and a witness at the scene said they never saw the male friend, a co-defendant who was found not liable in the same trial even though he slept through part of it.",
"\n\nTrad was convicted of drunk driving in connection with the accident in September, The State of Nova says. ",
"He tweeted during breaks in the liability trial and after the verdict. “",
"It would be cool if I got a million followers over this,” Trad wrote."
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[
"Are We Willing to Rehabilitate Prisoners?",
"\n\nEveryone possesses a deep need to be needed, even those who return to society after being locked up.",
"\n\nAmerica is a nation of multiple chances, but ex-felons — those no longer behind the tall walls and barbed wire — wear something of a scarlet letter, the ongoing stigma of having been caught on the wrong side of the law. ",
"That mark makes it difficult for ex-prisoners to rejoin society when they're done with their sentences, a challenge compounded by the fact that many of these convicts ended up in prison because they already had difficulty navigating society.",
"\n\nBut you don't have to be soft on crime to be smart about time. ",
"To bridge the re-entry divide, and really help people who've served their sentences and are destined to rejoin society, prisoners need the tools to succeed. ",
"That's the only way the ex-prison population will be able to reintegrate and have a chance to survive on the outside.",
"\n\nCan in-prison education help? ",
"Dr. Renita Seabrook, who serves as an associate professor in the School of Criminal Justice at the University of Baltimore, has developed a program targeting women prisoners who face a variety of challenges that male prisoners don't. ",
"Seabrook targets \"the totality of a woman\" — not only the limits of the prisoner's education prior to incarceration, but a multitude of issues that women in prison faced on the outside — bad parenting, domestic abuse, alienation from children, and few skills that make them employable.",
"\n\nAmes Grawert of the Brennan Center’s Justice Program says that the criminal correction system itself often gets in the way of prisoners getting a chance to turn their lives around — whether it's having the ability to attain a signature on a form to transfer to a different facility or access to knowledge about changes in the law that impact their sentences and rights. ",
"Without the ability to manage their small prison world, how can prisoners be expected to know how to live once they're in the big world?",
"\n\nFor those who would complain that giving prisoners an education is going too far — after all, they're already getting free housing and food, right? — ",
"the crass response would be to remind those complaining that most people incarcerated today are going to end up back on the other side of the prison confines, and without the skills to succeed, they end up repeating their mistakes. ",
"What's going to happen to them, or to those who are in their path when they veer off-course? ",
"It's not just about them. ",
"It's a public safety and morality question.",
"\n\nAnother response is that everyone needs a place in society, and to write off prisoners is to say that some people are worthless. ",
"That's not how to create dignity in our culture or purpose for those who've gone in the wrong direction, and are in need of a second chance, something America prides itself on giving."
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] | 0.014458 | 19 |
[
"No matter how one attempts to wrangle with the so-called ‘Islamic State’ (IS) rise in Iraq and Syria, desperately seeking any political or other context that would validate the movement as an explainable historical circumstance, things refuse to add up.",
"\n\nSome excellent observations from Barzoud. ",
"It’s interesting that while he shies away from the label “conspiracy theories,” he presents some serious evidence that tends to support some positions labeled as such. ",
"For example the “IS’s lack of command over the Arabic language, efficiency in which is a requirement for making legal Islamic rulings and fatwas,” is a phenomenon of grave implications. ",
"I myself have noticed that most IS militants look generally “whiter” than the average Arab, as if they were perhaps Chechen, Turkish, or Bosnian. ",
"Add to this the fact that they have never directly attacked American, American-related, or Israeli interests, that some of their injured fighters were treated in Israeli hospitals, that their “beheading” videos are all filtered through the SITE group and its website, run by the Israeli Rita Katz, and that many experts, mostly quoted in the MSM, say that the killing in the videos is fake (a fact that has been “explained” by the MSM in rather surreal fashion), that their actions play directly in the War on Terror logic, and you have a great deal of evidence, both concrete and circumstantial, pointing to the possibility that IS is a front group .For whom?",
"\n\n“The crimes carried out by the Assad regime, his army and allies during the four-year long Syria civil war, and the unquenchable appetite to orchestrate a regime change in Damascus as a paramount priority made nourishing the anti-Assad forces with wannabe ‘jihadists’ justified, if not encouraged.”",
"\n\n???",
"\n\nCurious statement. ",
"Is author emphasizing the crimes of the Assad regime or is he referring to the “West’s” claims of crimes as justification for supporting extremist fighting the Assad government?",
"\n\nIt seems an argument to justify the civil war between fanatics supported by foreign governments and a legitimate government. ",
"I find it hard to believe that was Baroud’s intention.",
"\n\nKaren Armstrong (New Statesman) wrote a somewhat better analysis of the origins and current status of ISIS. ",
"At least it seemed more coherent, was rooted in the history of Wahhabism, and brought in elements that were more consistent with Juan Cole’s elaborations of the history of Islam.",
"\n\nI’ve been trying to educate myself on the history of Islam recently. ",
"Considering that religious affiliation far outdistances any population assembled under one nationalist flag, and Islam is the predominant affiliation, it is best we understand as much as we can."
] | {
"pile_set_name": "Pile-CC"
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[
"Diuris chrysantha\n\nDiuris chrysantha, commonly known as granite donkey orchid, is a species of orchid that is endemic to eastern Australia. ",
"It has one or two leaves and up to seven deep golden to orange-coloured flowers with brown markings and occurs on the ranges and tablelands north from Tamworth to the Darling Downs.",
"\n\nDescription\nDiuris chrysantha is a tuberous, perennial herb with one or two linear leaves long, wide and folded lengthwise. ",
"Between two and seven deep golden to orange-coloured flowers with brown markings and wide are borne on a flowering stem tall. ",
"The dorsal sepal is erect, egg-shaped, long and wide. ",
"The lateral sepals are linear to spatula-shaped, long, wide and turned downwards. ",
"The petals are more or less circular in shape, long and wide on a brown stalk long and held ear-like above the rest of the flower. ",
"The labellum is long and has three lobes. ",
"The centre lobe is heart-shaped to wedge shaped, long and wide and the side lobes are egg-shaped, long and wide. ",
"There are two callus ridges long and spreading apart from each other near the mid-line of the labellum. ",
"Flowering occurs from August to November.",
"\n\nTaxonomy and naming\nDiuris chrysantha was first formally described in 1987 by David Jones and Mark Clements from a specimen collected near Stanthorpe and the description was published in Proceedings of the Royal Society of Queensland. ",
"The specific epithet (chrysantha) is derived from the Ancient Greek words chrysos meaning \"gold\" and anthos meaning \"flower\".",
"\n\nDistribution and habitat\nThe granite donkey orchid grows in grassy forest on the ranges and tablelands north from Tamworth to the Darling Downs.",
"\n\nReferences \n\nchrysantha\nCategory:Endemic orchids of Australia\nCategory:Orchids of New South Wales\nCategory:Orchids of Queensland\nCategory:Plants described in 1987"
] | {
"pile_set_name": "Wikipedia (en)"
} | [
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0.0007677528192289174,
0.0007614506757818162,
0.0006067591602914035,
0.000675769115332514,
0.004081987775862217,
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0.0006417004624381661,
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[
"/**\n * Copyright 2010-2015 The PlayN Authors\n *\n * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the \"License\"); you may not use this file except\n * in compliance with the License. ",
"You may obtain a copy of the License at\n *\n * http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0\n *\n * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software distributed under the\n * License is distributed on an \"AS IS\" BASIS, WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either\n * express or implied. ",
"See the License for the specific language governing permissions and\n * limitations under the License.",
"\n */\npackage playn.core;\n\n/**\n * Encapsulates an absolute and delta time. ",
"Used by {@link Game} to emit simulation update and\n * frame paint signals. ",
"<em>Note:</em> these values are exposed as public mutable fields for\n * efficiency. ",
"Clients should naturally not mutate these values, only the clock provider.",
"\n */\npublic class Clock {\n\n /** The number of milliseconds that have elapsed since time 0. */",
"\n public int tick;\n\n /** The number of milliseconds that have elapsed since the last signal. */",
"\n public int dt;\n\n /** If this clock is used by a game with separate simulation and paint schedules, this value\n * represents the fraction of time between the last simulation update and the next scheduled\n * update. ",
"This value is only provided for the paint clock.",
"\n *\n * <p>For example if the previous update was scheduled to happen at T=500ms and the next update\n * at T=530ms and the actual time at which we are being rendered is T=517ms then alpha will be\n * (517-500)/(530-500) or 17/30. ",
"This is usually between 0 and 1, but if your game is running\n * slowly, it can exceed 1. ",
"For example, if an update is scheduled to happen at T=500ms and the\n * update actually happens at T=517ms, and the update call itself takes 20ms, the alpha value\n * passed to paint will be (537-500)/(530-500) or 37/30.",
"\n */\n public float alpha;\n}\n"
] | {
"pile_set_name": "Github"
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0.0005512246862053871,
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0.0006547606317326427,
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0.0007462220382876694,
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0.000638689030893147,
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[
"Bellevue is planning a “CommutePool” network of autonomous rideshare services. ",
"The goal is to launch the service in 2019, connecting riders from southeast King County to major employers in Bellevue and Kirkland.",
"\n\nLast week, Bellevue and Kirkland jointly submitted a $3 million grant application to the US Department of Transportation’s ATCMTD program (Advanced Transportation and Congestion Management Technologies Deployment). ",
"That program funds model deployments of new technologies for transportation safety and efficiency. ",
"A decision on the grant is expected by October. ",
"The project also anticipates matching funds from both cities and contributions from major Bellevue employers in the Commute Trip Reduction program. ",
"Employers already pay for employee use of vans, so this can be an important source of matching funds. ",
"The projected cost of launching the program is about $9 million.",
"\n\nRiders will access the system via a smartphone app which Amazon will develop. ",
"The app can select pick-up and drop-off locations, find available parking at park-and-rides or leased parking areas, and reserve seats at specific times. ",
"Luum, a Seattle firm actively managing commute options at many Eastside firms, will coordinate the program at participating businesses.",
"\n\nBellevue would like to operate the service with autonomous vehicles, but could lease non-automated electric vehicles as needed to start service by mid-2019. ",
"An RFP to obtain vehicles is likely soon after the grant is approved. ",
"Waymo plans to purchase 82,000 autonomous vehicles for deployment beginning 2019, and General Motors have also said they will deploy autonomous vehicles commercially next year.",
"\n\nIn Bellevue, the CommutePool vans will serve major buildings and designated curb pick-up and drop-off locations.",
"\n\nThe proposal has buy-in from many of the largest Bellevue and Kirkland employers. ",
"Employers with some 33,000 employees on the Eastside have signed letters of commitment to support the program.",
"\n\nThe target audience, commuters from cities such as Renton, Kent and Auburn, face long commutes and some of the worst traffic in the region on SR 167 and I-405 south of Bellevue. ",
"This market was selected as the initial focus for CommutePool because of its congestion and high SOV share. ",
"Development is dispersed so transit service is less available and less convenient in most neighborhoods. ",
"CommutePool ridership goals are for 1,000 daily riders within six months of launch; 2,000 after year two; and 3,000 by year three.",
"\n\nSeveral participating firms already operate their own shuttle services on fixed schedules from leased parking lots. ",
"Others subsidize rideshare on Uber and Lyft. ",
"This creates both a natural market for the CommutePool service and a funding pool for expansion.",
"\n\nThe aggressive schedule places Bellevue in the forefront of cities planning for autonomous vehicles. ",
"That incurs some obvious risks that the technology will not be ready, or that the public may not regard commuting in autonomous vehicles as sufficiently safe. ",
"Poll data suggests declining confidence in the vehicles, but that may recover as they become increasingly visible. ",
"Bellevue expects to use safety drivers in the beginning.",
"\n\nWhat are the prospects for success? ",
"The performance of many micro-transit start-ups has been underwhelming, dogged by proportionately high labor expenses because the vehicles are smaller. ",
"Ridership has been low in several cities even by the standards of suburban coverage services. ",
"But there are reasons to be optimistic Bellevue may do better. ",
"This region also boasts the nation’s largest vanshare program at King County Metro. ",
"The economics of local vanshare programs are healthy with high fare recovery rates. ",
"For riders, CommutePool could provide many of the advantages of vanshare, but with greater flexibility to travel at different times or to use the service only on some days.",
"\n\nExisting shuttle buses at many Bellevue employers could be combined to capture economies of scale with a collaborative program. ",
"That adds some complexity in coordinating services with demand at multiple locations, but the cost efficiencies will make CommutePool appealing for employers.",
"\n\nFor fixed-route transit providers, there is little downside. ",
"Bellevue’s service seems to compete mostly with SOV trips and other private shuttle services, and does not draw funding away from fixed services in other areas. ",
"Nevertheless, it’s critical that CommutePool be able to overcome the higher driver costs of smaller vehicles by operating with autonomous vehicles as soon as possible."
] | {
"pile_set_name": "OpenWebText2"
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0.000557709950953722,
0.0005695009022019804,
0.0007074690656736493,
0.0006024244939908385,
0.0006010099314153194,
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0.0005371920997276902,
0.0006003924645483494,
0.0006282787071540952,
0.0006907445495016873,
0.0006563197239302099
] | 0.000626 | 40 |
[
"(1) Field of the Invention\nThe present invention is in the field of storage devices, more specifically, the present invention is a method and an apparatus for virtual disk simulation.",
"\n(2) Related Art\nMemory as related to a computer system is all of the addressable storage space in a processing unit and other internal storage that is used to execute instructions. ",
"A typical computer system has various sources of storage including it's own hard disk space, portable memory such as a floppy diskette and remote disk space accessed through a network. ",
"Remote disk space such as those accessible through a network may be made to appear as local storage through currently available memory management software including Network File Systems (NFS). ",
"Thus, current computer systems have virtually unlimited memory available to them and may support various requests for additional memory not available on its hard disk. ",
"However, a computer system can not support a request for a large contiguous disk space if all that is available is a collection of smaller local and remote individual disk storage units.",
"\nIt is therefore desirable to have a method and an apparatus for applications running on a computer system to transparently access disk space which appears to the applications as being contiguous and in the size that is required by the applications."
] | {
"pile_set_name": "USPTO Backgrounds"
} | [
0.0006281470414251089,
0.0007418924942612648,
0.0007004207000136375,
0.0006943600601516664,
0.0006648168782703578,
0.000670200097374618,
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] | 0.000681 | 7 |
[
"Stress, antioxidant defence and mucosal immune responses of the large yellow croaker Pseudosciaena crocea challenged with Cryptocaryon irritans.",
"\nTo clarify the effects of a Cryptocaryon irritans infection on the stress, antioxidant and mucosal immune response of the large yellow croaker Pseudosciaena crocea, this study utilized C. irritans at dose of 12,000 (group I); 24,000 (group II); and 36,000 (group III) theronts/fish to infect large yellow croaker weighing 100 ± 10 g. The food intake, survival and relative infection intensity (RII); levels of reactive oxygen species (ROS), malondialdehyde (MDA) and vitamin C (VC), activities of super oxide dismutase (SOD) and catalase (CAT) in liver; variation patterns of lysozyme (LZM), alkaline phosphatase (AKP), complement component 3 (C3) and immunoglobulin M (IgM) levels in the body surface mucus at different time points after infection were compared. ",
"These results showed that with the increase of the infection dose and the passage of time, the food intake and survival of the fish gradually decreased. ",
"The final survival of the control group (0 theronts/fish), group I, group II, and group III was 100, 100, 96.67 ± 5.77, and 48.33 ± 7.64. ",
"Group I, II, and III stopped feeding respectively on the third, third and second days after infection. ",
"RII increased significantly with increased infection dose. ",
"The RII of the control group, group I, group II, and group III was 0, 0.73 ± 0.06, 1.30 ± 0.26, and 1.84 ± 0.02. ",
"With the infection dose increased, ROS contents showed an overall upward trend; MDA contents of the group I, group II and group III did not show significant changes at any timepoint compared with the control group; Activities of SOD and CAT and the overall VC levels in the liver of P. crocea dropped; LZM activity showed an overall upward trend; AKP activity increased first then dropped at each timepoint with its highest level appearing at group II; Complement C3 and IgM levels in body surface mucus were significantly increased. ",
"In conclusion, P. crocea has a strong ability to resist oxidative stress caused by the infection of C. irritans. ",
"The body surface mucus of P. crocea contains high levels of immune factors, which presented a rapid and significant response to the infection of C. irritans."
] | {
"pile_set_name": "PubMed Abstracts"
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] | 0.001278 | 10 |
[
"\n351 F.Supp.2d 284 (2004)\nBLACK CAR ASSISTANCE CORPORATION, Plaintiff,\nv.\nThe State of NEW JERSEY, New Jersey Motor Vehicle Commission, and Diane M. Legreide, in her capacity as Chief Administrator of the New Jersey Motor Vehicle Commission, Defendants.",
"\nNo. ",
"CIV.03-5828(WGB).",
"\nUnited States District Court, D. New Jersey.",
"\nDecember 21, 2004.",
"\n*285 Richard L. Huffman, Esq., ",
"Jonathan Mazer, Esq., ",
"Fox Horan & Camerini LLP, New York City, Merrill M. O'Brien, Esq., ",
"O'Brien Thorton LLC, Paramus, NJ, for Plaintiff.",
"\nEmily H. Armstrong, Esq., ",
"Deputy Attorney General, Attorney General of New Jersey, R.J. Hughes Justice Complex, Trenton, NJ, for Defendants.",
"\n\nOPINION\nBASSLER, District Judge.",
"\nIn July 2003, the State of New Jersey enacted N.J.S.A. § 39:3-19.6 with the intent of regulating out-of-state, for-hire vehicles that conducted business within New Jersey. ",
"Plaintiff Black Car Assistance Corporation (\"Plaintiff\" or \"Black Car\") filed this action to permanently enjoin the State from enforcing N.J.S.A. § 39:3-19.6 against its members.",
"\nPlaintiff now moves for summary judgment pursuant to Federal Rule of Civil Procedure 56.",
"\nThis Court has jurisdiction over this matter pursuant to 28 U.S.C. § 1331. ",
"Venue is proper pursuant to 28 U.S.C. § 1391(b).",
"\nFor the following reasons, Plaintiff's motion for summary judgment is granted.",
"\nI. BACKGROUND\nPlaintiff Black Car is a trade association comprised of approximately forty livery dispatch companies. (",
"Dizengoff Decl. ",
"ś 2.) ",
"Black Car drivers operate for-hire vehicles that transport passengers to and from destinations in both New York and New Jersey. (",
"Dizengoff Decl. ",
"ś 2, 8.) ",
"Each day, Black Car members dispatch approximately 10,000 drivers in the New York City Metropolitan Area, and drivers make about 6,000 daily trips into the State of New Jersey. (",
"Dizengoff Decl. ",
"ś 4, 8.)",
"\nDrivers working for Black Car members meet all vehicle registration requirements under New York state law. (",
"Compl.ś 16.)[1] In addition, each driver is licensed by the New York City Taxi and Limousine Commission. (",
"Id.)\nOn or about July 1, 2003, the legislature of the State of New Jersey enacted N.J.S.A. § 39:3-19.6 (hereinafter \"New Jersey Out of State Registration Law\"). ",
"The state law requires all operators of out-of-state, for-hire vehicles to pay a fee to the State. ",
"N.J.S.A. § 39:3-19.6(a). ",
"Upon payment of the fee, an operator will receive a \"for hire\" permit to be displayed in the window of the vehicle. ",
"N.J.S.A. § 39:3-19.6(b). ",
"Failure to display the permit could result in fines, impoundment of the vehicle, and imposition of towing costs. ",
"N.J.S.A. § 39:3-19.6(c).",
"\nThe State planned to enforce the New Jersey Out of State Registration Law beginning January 1, 2004. (",
"Def.",
"'s R. 56.1 Statement ś 12.) ",
"Plaintiff commenced this civil action on December 4, 2003. ",
"On December 23, 2004, the parties stipulated to an agreement enjoining the enforcement of the New Jersey Out of State Registration *286 Law against Plaintiff and its members pending the outcome of this litigation.",
"\nII. ",
"DISCUSSION\nA. Justiciability\nAs a preliminary matter, the Court notes that Black Car has challenged the New Jersey Out of State Registration Law prior to its enforcement. ",
"Defendants have not argued that this challenge is not justiciable. ",
"The Court finds this action to be ripe for review. ",
"See Planned Parenthood v. Farmer, 220 F.3d 127, 147-48 (3d Cir.2000) (citing Babbitt v. United Farm Workers Nat'l Union, 442 U.S. 289, 298, 99 S.Ct. ",
"2301, 60 L.Ed.2d 895 (1979)) (finding a challenge to the New Jersey Partial-Birth Abortion Ban Act of 1997, the violation of which carried civil penalties, prior to its enforcement or interpretation to be ripe for review).",
"\nB. Standard for Summary Judgment\nSummary judgment will be granted only if the record shows that \"there is no genuine issue as to any material fact and that the moving party is entitled to a judgment as a matter of law.\" ",
"Fed.",
"R.Civ.",
"P. 65(c). ",
"Whether a fact is material is determined by the applicable substantive law. ",
"Anderson v. Liberty Lobby, Inc., 477 U.S. 242, 248, 106 S.Ct. ",
"2505, 91 L.Ed.2d 202 (1986). ",
"An issue involving a material fact is genuine \"if the evidence is such that a reasonable jury could return a verdict for the nonmoving party.\" ",
"Healy v. N.Y. Life Ins. ",
"Co., 860 F.2d 1209, 1219 n. 3 (3d Cir.1988), cert. ",
"denied 490 U.S. 1098, 109 S.Ct. ",
"2449, 104 L.Ed.2d 1004 (1989).",
"\nThe moving party has the initial burden of showing that no genuine issue of material fact exists. ",
"Celotex Corp. v. Catrett, 477 U.S. 317, 323, 106 S.Ct. ",
"2548, 91 L.Ed.2d 265 (1986). ",
"If the moving party satisfies this requirement, the burden shifts to the nonmoving party to present evidence that there is a genuine issue for trial. ",
"Id. at 324, 106 S.Ct. ",
"2548. ",
"The nonmoving party \"may not rest upon mere allegations or denials\" of its pleading, Fed.",
"R.Civ.",
"P. 56(e), but must produce sufficient evidence to reasonably support a jury verdict in its favor, Anderson, 477 U.S. at 249, 106 S.Ct. ",
"2505, and not just \"some metaphysical doubt as to material facts,\" Matsushita Elec. ",
"Indus. ",
"Co. v. Zenith Radio Corp., 475 U.S. 574, 586, 106 S.Ct. ",
"1348, 89 L.Ed.2d 538 (1986).",
"\nIn determining whether any genuine issues of material fact exist, the Court must resolve \"all inferences, doubts, and issues of credibility ... against the moving party.\" ",
"Meyer v. Riegel Prods. ",
"Corp., 720 F.2d 303, 307 n. 2 (3d Cir.1983) (citing Smith v. Pittsburgh Gage & Supply Co., 464 F.2d 870, 874 (3d Cir.1972)); accord Aman v. Cort Furniture Rental Corp., 85 F.3d 1074, 1077 n. 1 (3d Cir.1996).",
"\nBecause a motion for summary judgment is designed to go beyond the pleadings, factual specificity is required of a party who opposes such a motion. ",
"Celotex, 477 U.S. 317, 322-23, 106 S.Ct. ",
"2548, 91 L.Ed.2d 265 (1986). ",
"Accordingly, a plaintiff may not simply \"replace conclusory allegations of the complaint or answer with conclusory allegations of an affidavit.\" ",
"Lujan v. Nat'l Wildlife Fed'n, 497 U.S. 871, 888, 110 S.Ct. ",
"3177, 111 L.Ed.2d 695 (1990) (citing Anderson, 477 U.S. at 249, 106 S.Ct. ",
"2505). ",
"Moreover, a party cannot rely upon self-serving conclusions, unsupported by specific facts in the record. ",
"Celotex, 477 U.S. at 322-23, 106 S.Ct. ",
"2548. ",
"A nonmoving party must point to concrete evidence in the record which supports each essential element of its case. ",
"Id. If the party fails to provide such evidence, then it is not entitled to a trial and the moving party is entitled to summary judgment as a matter of law. ",
"Fed.",
"R.Civ.",
"P. 56(e).",
"\n*287 In deciding a summary judgment motion, however, the Court's role is not \"to weigh the evidence and determine the truth of the matter, but to determine whether there is a genuine issue for trial.\" ",
"Anderson, 477 U.S. at 248, 106 S.Ct. ",
"2505. ",
"If the party opposing summary judgment has exceeded the \"mere scintilla\" threshold and has offered a genuine issue of material fact, then the Court cannot credit the movant's version of events, even if the quantity of the movant's evidence far outweighs that of its opponent. ",
"Big Apple BMW v. BMW of N. Am., ",
"974 F.2d 1358, 1363 (3d Cir.1992).",
"\nThe State has not filed any answering affidavits that refute Black Car's statement of the facts. ",
"As noted above, the State cannot rely upon the mere allegations contained in its answer or its Local Rule 56.1 statement. ",
"See Fed.",
"R.Civ.",
"P. 56(e); Monaco v. Am. ",
"Gen. Assurance Co., 359 F.3d 296, 306 (3d Cir.2004).",
"\nC. The RIDE Act Preempts Application of the New Jersey Out of State Registration Law as to Certain Motor Vehicles\nThe relevant provisions of the New Jersey Out of State Registration Law provide:\na.... [A] fee shall be due and payable pursuant to this section for the operating period from October 1 through September 30 for each limousine, as that term is defined pursuant to R.S.48:16-13, and any other vehicle for hire that is used to transport passengers, from or to a location in New Jersey if such vehicle is not registered in New Jersey.",
"\nb. Upon payment of the fee pursuant to subsection a. of this section, the Chief Administrator of the New Jersey Motor Vehicle Commission shall issue a \"for hire\" permit, which permit shall be displayed in the vehicle at all times while the vehicle is within the State, in a manner prescribed by the Chief Administrator.",
"\nc. Failure to display the \"for hire\" permit is a motor vehicle violation, punishable by a fine of up to $350 in addition to any other penalty otherwise authorized for motor vehicle violations. ",
"Failure to pay the fee due under this section is a separate motor vehicle violation and shall be punishable by a fine of not less than $350, in addition to any other penalty authorized for motor vehicle violations. ",
"A vehicle failing to display a \"for hire\" permit may be impounded by a law enforcement agency, its agent, or any other appropriate authority, which may charge the owner or operator fees for the costs of towing and impoundment.",
"\nN.J.S.A. § 39:3-19.6. ",
"The Out of State Registration Law requires all non-resident, for-hire vehicles providing transportation to and from New Jersey to pay a registration fee to the State. ",
"If a non-resident vehicle neglects to pay the fee or display the \"for hire\" permit issued by the State, that vehicle becomes subject to fines and impoundment.",
"\nPlaintiff contends that the enforcement of the New Jersey Out of State Registration Law against Black Car and its members is preempted by the Real Interstate Driver Act (\"RIDE Act\"), 49 U.S.C. § 14501(d). ",
"The RIDE Act provides, in relevant part:\n(d) Pre-arranged ground transportation. ",
"â \n(1) In general. ",
"â No State or political subdivision thereof and no interstate agency or other political agency of 2 or more States shall enact or enforce any law, rule, regulation, standard or other provision having the force and effect of law requiring a license or fee on account of the fact that a motor vehicle is providing pre-arranged ground transportation *288 service if the motor carrier providing such service â \n(A) meets all applicable registration requirements under chapter 139 for the interstate transportation of passengers;\n(B) meets all applicable vehicle and intrastate passenger licensing requirements of the State or States in which the motor carrier is domiciled or registered to do business; and\n(C) is providing such service pursuant to a contract for â \n(i) transportation by the motor carrier from one State, including intermediate stops, to a destination in another State; or\n(ii) transportation by the motor carrier from one State, including intermediate stops in another State, to a destination in the original State.",
"\nIn essence, the RIDE Act prohibits States from requiring out-of-state, for-hire vehicles that provide pre-arranged ground transportation service to pay a license or fee.",
"\n1. ",
"Preemption Standard\nState law is preempted when \"a state statute conflicts with, or frustrates, federal law.\" ",
"CSX v. Easterwood, 507 U.S. 658, 663, 113 S.Ct. ",
"1732, 123 L.Ed.2d 387 (1993) (citing U.S. Const., ",
"Art. ",
"VI, cl. ",
"2 and Maryland v. Louisiana, 451 U.S. 725, 101 S.Ct. ",
"2114, 68 L.Ed.2d 576 (1981)). ",
"Preemption may be either express or implied, and \"is compelled whether Congress' command is explicitly stated in the statute's language or implicitly contained in its structure and purpose.\" ",
"Jones v. Rath Packing Co., 430 U.S. 519, 525, 97 S.Ct. ",
"1305, 51 L.Ed.2d 604 (1977). ",
"Where \"compliance with both federal and state regulations is a physical impossibility, or where the law stands as an obstacle to the accomplishment and execution of the full purposes and objectives of Congress,\" the state statute is invalid. ",
"Maryland v. Louisiana, 451 U.S. at 747, 101 S.Ct. ",
"2114 (internal quotations and citations omitted). ",
"However, to avoid encroachment on State authority, a court will not find preemption unless it is \"the clear and manifest purpose of Congress.\" ",
"Easterwood, 507 U.S. at 663, 113 S.Ct. ",
"1732 (quoting Rice v. Santa Fe Elevator Corp., 331 U.S. 218, 230, 67 S.Ct. ",
"1146, 91 L.Ed. ",
"1447 (1947)).",
"\n2. ",
"Preemption of the New Jersey Statute\nAs demonstrated by a comparison of the state and federal laws and by an examination of the RIDE Act's legislative history, the RIDE Act preempts the application of the New Jersey Out of State Registration Law as to motor vehicles that meet the RIDE Act criteria.",
"\nOn its face, the Out of State Registration law conflicts with the RIDE Act. ",
"The RIDE Act applies to motor carriers that meet three criteria: the carrier must be (A) properly registered pursuant to 49 U.S.C. § 13901 et seq. ",
"for the interstate transportation of passengers; (B) properly registered in the state or state in which the carrier is domiciled or registered to do business; and (C) providing transportation from either (i) one state to a destination in another state or (ii) from one state to a destination in the original state. ",
"The Act clearly prohibits the imposition of a license or fee on motor vehicles meeting those three criteria. ",
"See 49 U.S.C. § 14501 (\"No State ... shall enact or enforce any law ... requiring a license or fee ...\"). ",
"Yet the New Jersey Out of State Registration Law imposes a fee on \"each limousine ... and any other vehicle for hire that is used to transport passengers, from or to a location in New Jersey if such vehicle is not registered in New Jersey.\" ",
"N.J.S.A. § 39:3-19.6. ",
"The fact that the New Jersey statute applies to any vehicle not registered in the State means that it encompasses the motor carriers that meet the *289 RIDE Act's criteria. ",
"In other words, because the Out of State Registration Law imposes a fee on all non-resident vehicles, it imposes a fee on those vehicles that fall under the protection of the RIDE Act. ",
"The imposition of such a fee violates the letter of the RIDE Act.",
"\nThe State admits that the \"RIDE Act prohibits a state or state agency from enacting or enforcing a license or fee agreement targeting prearranged ground transportation meeting certain requirements.\" (",
"Def.",
"'s Br. ",
"at 3.) ",
"The State, however, distinguishes the Out of State Registration Law by observing that \"it applies to all non-resident for-hire vehicles whether or not they provide prearranged ground transportation.\" (",
"Def.",
"'s Br. ",
"at 4-5.)[2] This argument implicitly concedes that the RIDE Act preempts the application of the New Jersey statute to Black Car and other similarly situated car services. ",
"A statute so broad as to encompass all non-resident for-hire vehicles regardless of the transportation provided logically encompasses any \"motor vehicle ... providing pre-arranged ground transportation service\" pursuant to the RIDE Act. ",
"Therefore, the New Jersey statute applies to any motor vehicle that meets the RIDE Act criteria.",
"\nThe New Jersey Out of State Registration Law would thus impose a fee on the vehicles covered by the RIDE Act. ",
"The RIDE Act, however, prohibits the imposition of fees on such vehicles. ",
"Clearly, when speaking of vehicles that meet the criteria of the RIDE Act, \"compliance with both federal and state regulations is a physical impossibility.\" ",
"Maryland v. Louisiana, 451 U.S. at 747, 101 S.Ct. ",
"2114. ",
"As a result, the New Jersey Out of State Registration Law is preempted to the extent that it applies to motor vehicles that provide pre-arranged ground transportation service and that meet the three criteria listed in the RIDE Act.",
"\nThe legislative history of the RIDE Act bolsters this conclusion. ",
"Congress viewed as a problem the situation in which multiple states required licensing fees for operating for-hire vehicles. ",
"147 Cong. ",
"Rec. ",
"H8053, H8055 (2001) (statement of Rep. Petri)[3]. ",
"By enacting the RIDE ACT, Congress clearly intended to prevent states from requiring car services \"to purchase additional permits from a local government in order to provide round trip service\" between two states. ",
"Id. (statement of Rep. Shays).",
"\nAs noted above, the scheme enacted by Congress sets out three requirements that must be met to qualify a motor carrier for protection. \"",
"This common sense legislation simply says that a licensed livery company cannot be subject to additional permitting requirements to complete a round *290 trip into another state.\" ",
"Id. (statement of Rep. Shays).",
"\nApplying the New Jersey Out of State Registration Law to for-hire vehicles providing prearranged ground transportation would frustrate the purposes of the RIDE Act. ",
"The Out of State Registration Law requires for-hire vehicles not registered in New Jersey to pay the State an operating fee. ",
"Imposition of this fee, however, conflicts with the goal of the RIDE Act to eliminate \"additional permitting requirements\" that would discourage and prevent car services from providing round-trip services between two states. ",
"Where a for-hire vehicle meets the three requirements outlined in the RIDE Act, that vehicle cannot be made to pay an additional registration fee in the State of New Jersey.",
"\nConsequently, the New Jersey Out of State Registration Law is preempted to the extent that it applies to for-hire vehicles covered by the RIDE Act.",
"\n3. ",
"Black Car and the RIDE Act\nThe undisputed facts demonstrate that Black Car members are for-hire vehicles providing prearranged ground transportation pursuant to the provisions of the RIDE Act. ",
"Plaintiff has alleged, and Defendants have not submitted evidence to the contrary, that its members provide prearranged ground transportation to New Jersey for compensation. ",
"Plaintiff has also alleged, and Defendants have not submitted evidence to the contrary, that its members meet all three requirements of the RIDE Act. ",
"Because Plaintiff has demonstrated that the RIDE Act applies to its members, the New Jersey Out of State Registration Law is unenforceable as to Black Car members.",
"\nD. Remainder of the New Jersey Out of State Registration Law\nDefendants make the argument that \"[t]he New Jersey Non-Resident Permit Law is only preempted if it applies to a motor vehicle on account of the fact that the motor vehicle provides prearranged ground transportation and if the motor vehicle meets all conditions of 49 U.S.C.A. § 14501(d)(1)(A)-(C).\" (",
"Defs. ",
"Opp. ",
"Br. ",
"At 6.) ",
"Essentially, Defendants concede that the RIDE Act preempts the application of the New Jersey Out of State Registration Law to those motor vehicles covered by the RIDE Act. ",
"Defendants do not, however, argue that the application of the law to other motor vehicles is preempted by federal law. ",
"As it is not relevant to this case, the Court does not pass on the continuing validity of the State statute as applied to other motor vehicles.",
"\nIII. ",
"CONCLUSION\nFor the reasons set forth above, the Court grants Plaintiff's motion for summary judgment.",
"\nA Judgment will be entered permanently enjoining the enforcement of the offending provisions of N.J.S.A. § 39:3-19.6 as against Plaintiff Black Car Assistance Corporation and all of its members.",
"\nNOTES\n[1] Black Car has filed a verified complaint, and the State has not filed an affidavit contesting the complaint.",
"\n[2] The State also argues that the Out of State Registration Law should be upheld in light of the fact that New York City has passed a law imposing a non-resident fee on New Jersey limousine drivers. ",
"See 35 R.C.N.Y. § 6-50 et seq. ",
"This argument holds no merit. ",
"The validity of the New York City statute is not before this Court and thus need not be considered here. ",
"In any event, Plaintiff has submitted a declaration from the General Counsel of the New York City Taxi & Limousine Commission in which he states that he has advised the Commission not to enforce New York City's permit scheme against those vehicles covered by the RIDE Act. (",
"See Mazer Decl. ",
"ś 4.)",
"\n[3] Mr. Petri:\n\nThis legislation is needed to solve a problem that arises when a for-hire vehicle, usually a limousine or sedan, travels across a state line in interstate commerce.... As the law is written today, state and local jurisdictions can require for-hire vehicles to be licensed in multiple states. ",
"In some instances, if they do not pay for additional licenses they can only drop their passenger in another state. ",
"They cannot make incidental stops. ",
"They cannot return the same passenger to the state of origin.",
"\n"
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[
"Endothelial trans-differentiation in glioblastoma recurring after radiotherapy.",
"\nWe hypothesized that in glioblastoma recurring after radiotherapy, a condition whereby the brain endothelium undergoes radiation-induced senescence, tumor cells with endothelial phenotype may be relevant for tumor neovascularization. ",
"Matched glioblastoma samples obtained at primary surgery and at surgery for tumor recurrence after radiotherapy, all expressing epidermal growth factor receptor variant III (EGFRvIII), were assessed by a technique that combines fluorescent in situ hybridization (FISH) for the EGFR/CEP7 chromosomal probe with immunostaining for endothelial cells (CD31) and activated pericytes (α Smooth Muscle Actin). ",
"Five EGFRvIII-expressing paired primary/recurrent glioblastoma samples, in which the tumor cells showed EGFR/CEP7 amplification, were then assessed by CD31 and α Smooth Muscle Actin immunofluorescence. ",
"In glomeruloid bodies, the ratio between CD31+ cells with amplified EGFR/CEP7 signal and the total CD31+ cells was 0.23 ± 0.09 (mean ± sem) and 0.63 ± 0.07 in primary tumors and in recurrent ones, respectively (p < 0.002, Student-t test). ",
"In capillaries, the ratio of CD31+ cells with amplified EGFR/CEP7 over the total CD31+ cells lining the capillary lumen was 0.21 ± 0.06 (mean ± sem) and 0.42 ± 0.07 at primary surgery and at recurrence, respectively (p < 0.005, Student-t test). ",
"Expression of α Smooth Muscle Actin by cells with EGFR/CEP7 amplification was not observed. ",
"Then, in glioblastoma recurring after radiotherapy, where the brain endothelium suffers from radiation-induced cell senescence, tumor-derived endothelium plays a role in neo-vascularization."
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[
" In the United States Court of Federal Claims\n OFFICE OF SPECIAL MASTERS\n No. ",
"12-276V\n (Not to be published)\n\n*****************************\n *\nVIJAY PATEL, *\n *\n Petitioner, * Filed: March 26, 2015\n *\n v. * Decision by Stipulation; Damages;\n * Tetanus-diphtheria-acellular\n * pertussis (“Tdap”) vaccine; Guillain-\nSECRETARY OF HEALTH AND * Barré Syndrome (“GBS”)\nHUMAN SERVICES, *\n *\n Respondent. ",
" *\n *\n*****************************\nAnne Carrion Toale, Maglio Christopher and Toale, Sarasota, FL, for Petitioner.",
"\n\nAlthea Walker Davis, U.S. Dep’t of Justice, Washington, DC, for Respondent\n\n DECISION AWARDING DAMAGES 1\n\n On May 2, 2012, Vijay Patel filed a petition seeking compensation under the National\nVaccine Injury Compensation Program, (“the Vaccine Program”). ",
"2 Petitioner alleges that he\nsuffered Guillain-Barré syndrome (“GBS”) and related complications as a result of receiving a\nTetanus-diphtheria-acellular pertussis (“Tdap”) vaccine.",
"\n\n\n\n1\n Because this decision contains a reasoned explanation for my action in this case, I will post this decision on the\nUnited States Court of Federal Claims’ website, in accordance with the E-Government Act of 2002, Pub. ",
"L. No.",
"\n107-347, § 205, 116 Stat. ",
"2899, 2913 (codified as amended at 44 U.S.C. § 3501 note (2006)). ",
"As provided by 42\nU.S.C. § 300aa-12(d)(4)(B), however, the parties may object to the posted decision’s inclusion of certain kinds of\nconfidential information. ",
"Specifically, under Vaccine Rule 18(b), each party has 14 days within which to request\nredaction “of any information furnished by that party: (1) that is a trade secret or commercial or financial in\nsubstance and is privileged or confidential; or (2) that includes medical files or similar files, the disclosure of which\nwould constitute a clearly unwarranted invasion of privacy.” ",
"Vaccine Rule 18(b). ",
"Otherwise, the whole decision will\nbe available to the public. (",
"Id.)\n2\n The National Vaccine Injury Compensation Program is set forth in Part 2 of the National Childhood Vaccine\nInjury Act of 1986, Pub. ",
"L. No. ",
"99-660, 100 Stat. ",
"3755, codified as amended, 42 U.S.C.A. ' 300aa-10-' 300aa-34\n(West 1991 & Supp. ",
"2002). ",
"All citations in this decision to individual sections of the Vaccine Act are to 42 U.S.C.A.\n' 300aa.",
"\n\f Respondent denies that Petitioner’s GBS and any related medical problems were caused\nby the receipt of the Tdap vaccine. ",
"Nonetheless both parties, while maintaining their above-\nstated positions, agreed in a stipulation filed March 25, 2015 that the issues before them can be\nsettled and that a decision should be entered awarding Petitioner compensation.",
"\n\n I have reviewed the file, and based upon that review, I conclude that the parties’\nstipulation is reasonable. ",
"I therefore adopt it as my decision in awarding damages on the terms\nset forth therein.",
"\n\n The stipulation awards:\n\n A lump sum of $290,000.00, in the form of a check payable to Petitioner. ",
"This\n amount represents compensation for all damages that would be available under 42\n U.S.C. § 300aa-15(a).",
"\n\n A lump sum payment of $2,907.67, representing compensation for satisfaction of\n the State of New York Medicaid lien, in the form of a check payable jointly to\n Petitioner and\n\n New York State Department of Health\n P.O. Box 415874\n Boston, MA 02241-5874\n Case No. ",
"127953 (Medicaid Lien)\n\nStipulation ¶ 8.",
"\n\n I approve a Vaccine Program award in the requested amount set forth above to be made\nto Petitioner. ",
"In the absence of a motion for review filed pursuant to RCFC Appendix B, the\nclerk of the court is directed to enter judgment herewith. ",
"3\n\n\n IT IS SO ORDERED.",
"\n\n /s/ Brian H. Corcoran\n Brian H. Corcoran\n Special Master\n\n\n\n\n3\n Pursuant to Vaccine Rule 11(a), the parties may expedite entry of judgment by jointly filing notice renouncing\ntheir right to seek review.",
"\n\n 2\n\f\f\f\f\f\f"
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[
"Hussein Fatal discography\n\nThis is the discography of rapper Hussein Fatal.",
"\n\nAlbums\n\nSolo albums\n\nIn the Line of Fire (March 24, 1998, Relativity) - chart position: 50 U.S.\nFatal (November 19, 2002, Rap-A-Lot/Asylum Records)\nBorn Legendary (June 16, 2009, Thugtertainment)\nThe Interview: It's Not a Gimmik 2 Me (February 13, 2013, Thugtertainment)\nRidin' All Week on 'Em (February 28, 2015, Thugtertainment)\nLegendary Status (July 10, 2018, Hussein Entertainment)\n\nRidin' All Week on 'Em – track listing\n\nUnreleased albums\nFatal-n-Felony (1996, Makaveli/Death Row Records)\nDeath Before Dishonor (1999, Rap-A-Lot Records)\n\nCollaboration albums\nWith Young Noble - Thug in Thug Out (September 11, 2007, High Powered Entertainment, Thugtertainment, 1Nation & Koch Records)\nWith Nutt-So - Outkasted Outlawz (October 5, 2010, Nutty's Playhouse Entertainament, Thugtertainment)\nWith Outlawz - Perfect Timing (September 13, 2011, Krude Productions Inc.)\nWith Young Noble - Jerzey Giantz (March 17, 2014, Outlaw, Thugtertainment)\nWith T-Dhurr - Frapaveli EP (July 18, 2015, TriangularMarketProd, Thugtertainment)\n\nOfficial mixtapes\n\nSingles\n\nSolo\n\nAs featured performer\n2005: \"Rain on Me (Remix)\" (Ashanti feat. ",
"Ja Rule, Charli Baltimore & Hussein Fatal)\n2007: \"Move Over\" (Hydro feat. ",
"Rock City & Hussein Fatal)\n\nGuest appearances\n\nReferences\n\nExternal links\n Thugtertainment - official Hussein Fatal website\n\nCategory:Hip hop discographies\nCategory:Discographies of American artists"
] | {
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[
"\"Ç°ÆÚ\"عË\" \"There's nothing on.\" \"",
"We must have 50 channels.\" \"",
"Crap...\" \"Crap...\" \"Boring.\" \"",
"I?\" \"",
"going to take a stroll;\" \"see what people are dreaming.\" \"",
"Haven't you been over doing that lately?\" \" ",
"Take it easy.\" \"",
"It?\" \"",
"harmless.\" \" ",
"It's just not a very nice thing to do.\" \"",
"Stay away from Liz, please.\" \"",
"Crap...\" \"Crap...Crap...\" \"Hello, Liz.\" \" ",
"Hello, Brad.\" \"",
"Would you like fries with that.\" \"",
"I'm with Brad now.\" \"",
"Brad doesn?\" \"",
"even exist.\" \"",
"Besides, you want someone who can do this.\" \"",
"Even her romantic dreams are boring.\" \"",
"Kyle's got to be more interesting than that.\" \" ",
"Remember young blossom, my most important words.\" \" ",
"Yes, master.\" \"\"",
"To thine own self be true\"\" \"It?\" \"",
"Shakespeare.\" \"",
"With every inhale find the center of yourself.\" \"",
"With every exhale release the ties that bind your energy.\" \"",
"Inhale. .\" \"",
"Exhale...\" \"Inhale...\" \"Excuse me.\" \"",
"Buddha here.\" \"",
"Yeah.\" \"",
"When?\" \"",
"Prepare the ship.\" \"",
"Standby to beam us aboard.\" \"",
"Master?\" \"",
"Our enemies have arrived, Kyle.\" \"",
"We must leave Earth and face the dark legion.\" \"",
"No, no, no, no.\" \"",
"I?\" \"",
"here for inner peace, not that science fiction crap\" \"Max Evans changed you when he saved your life.\" \"",
"You know that.\" \"",
"You're an alien now Kyle.\" \" ",
"Dude, like, accept you destiny.\" \" ",
"No, I'm not!\" \"",
"Where am I?\" \"",
"Kyle, who?\" \"",
"dream is this?\" \"{",
"C:$aaccff}.¡ù[ µç¿ÏÂÔØ\"ùµØ ]¡ù\" \"{C:$aaccff}Ó¢ÎÄ×ÖÄ\"ÖÆ×÷£ºmarksman\" \"{C:$aaccff}Roswell [2x11] To Serve and Protect\" \"Excuseme.\" \"",
"I?\" \"",
"looking for a broken-down, old, war-horse somehow managed to make Sheriff of Roswell, New Mexico.\" \"",
"Hansen, send that sanctimonious paper-pusher in here before I have him arrested for vagrancy.\" \"",
"Damn son, you are getting old.\" \"",
"Real police work will do that to you, Dan.\" \"",
"You should try it some time.\" \"",
"Now, that hurts.\" \" ",
"Long time, Jimbo.\" \" ",
"Too long.\" \"",
"So, I take it this isn't a social call.\" \"",
"The state police board wants to review the Hubble shooting.\" \"",
"Hubble?\" \"",
"Well, it's an open and shut case.\" \"",
"Crazy old man with a gun in the desert.\" \"",
"It was over a year ago.\" \"",
"Why investigate that?\" \"",
"Wheels of justice grind slowly.\" \"",
"Do I need a lawyer?\" \"",
"Whoa, easy, no need to get all riled up now.\" \"",
"That was a clean shoot, Dan.\" \"",
"If you say so.\" \"",
"That's a very alien thing, isn't it?\" \"",
"The very sweet, very spicy?\" \"",
"Can I try a bite?\" \"",
"You won't like it.\" \"",
"Oh, I hope not\" \" Oh my God.\" \" ",
"I told you.\" \"",
"No, no, no.\" \"",
"It's not completely horrible.\" \"",
"It?\" \"",
"almost tasty.\" \"",
"Oh well, here.\" \"",
"Have some more.\" \" ",
"No, no,\" \"I can?\" \"",
"This is so wrong.\" \"",
"I'm not ready for this.\" \"",
"Not ready for what?\" \"",
"For the change.\" \"",
"Not ready to be, like, a half-human, half-alien freakazoid.\" \"",
"Uh, we prefer the term ?\" \"",
"ybrids?\" \"",
"I'm serious.\" \"",
"Look,\" \"I never bargained for this.\" \"",
"One minute I'm a normal guy with my whole life ahead of me the next thing I know,\" \"Max Evans transmogrifies me into something not-of-this-Earth.\" \"",
"Whoa, whoa, trans-what?\" \"",
"Look, I never asked for this.\" \"",
"Well, I suppose he could have let you die.\" \"",
"Is that what you want?\" \"",
"If I had died,\" \"I would have transcended the mortal plane and been reincarnated into the next stage of my life.\" \"",
"Reincarnated as what, exactly?\" \"",
"Like, just another person or animal, maybe.\" \"",
"An animal?\" \"",
"Like, you could have ended up a gopher or something!\" \"",
"Look, we're getting off the point.\" \"",
"I really need some help.\" \"",
"What do you want from me?\" \"",
"I don't know what?\" \"",
"going to happen to you.\" \"",
"You know, maybe nothing will happen.\" \"",
"Or maybe you could develop superpowers and start flying all over Roswell in a big cape.\" \"",
"I don't know!\" \" ",
"Could I have another\" \"No!\" \"",
"Alright, let me get this straight.\" \"",
"You can go into people's dreams?\" \"",
"Yes\" \"But usually I choose whose dreams I go into.\" \"",
"This one just came to me.\" \"",
"Well, how do you know this was real, not just somebody's nightmare you stumbled into?\" \"",
"I don't know, but it felt real.\" \"",
"She needs help.\" \"",
"Sheriff, when Tess was being tortured Isabel got flashes from her and that's how she knew Tess was in danger.\" \"",
"That's how we saved her life.\" \"",
"We should check into this.\" \"",
"It's a little hard to look for a missing girl without a name or a face.\" \"",
"Hey, Senor Chows for lunch?\" \"",
"Yeah, that's be fine.\" \" ",
"Hi.\" \" ",
"Hi.\" \"",
"I'll see you at 13:00, Dan.\" \" ",
"Who was that?\" \"",
"From the State Police Board.\" \"",
"He's reviewing the Hubble case.\" \"",
"Hubble?\" \"",
"It's no big deal.\" \"",
"Dan's an old friend.\" \"",
"I'll tell you what.\" \"",
"I'll look into it, Okay?\" \"",
"Thank you.\" \"",
"When I ordered him to put his weapon down, he uh... herefused, brought the gun up.\" \"",
"I felt my life was in imminent danger, so I fired.\" \"",
"Hmm, just like it says in your report.\" \"",
"Uh, could we have more of these sweet and sour tortillas?\" \"",
"They're good, different, but good.\" \"",
"So, uh, who were those kids in your office this morning?\" \"",
"Nobody.\" \"",
"Stolen bike.\" \"",
"What were their names again?\" \"",
"Max and Isabel Evans.\" \"",
"Max Evans\" \"I got a statement here says that Hubble was last seen in a car with Max Evans, before the shooting.\" \"",
"Whose statement?\" \" ",
"Was Max Evans there that night?\" \" ",
"No.\" \"",
"Okay Jim, that?\" \"",
"all I need to hear.\" \"",
"Okay, Umm, we have a Saturn Rings and a Galaxy Sub, hold the Max.\" \"",
"so I'll be right back with the Cokes\" \"Okay, what just happened?\" \"",
"I need help.\" \"",
"I'm sick, Okay.\" \"",
"I am an obsessed person.\" \"",
"Okay, is this a general freakout or should I be concerned?\" \"",
"No, I have Max on my brain 24 hours a day.\" \"",
"Okay, I dream about him, I think about him, and now I'll saying his friggin's name without even realizing it.\" \"",
"What am I going to do?\" \"",
"You are in love that's all.\" \" ",
"I know, but it's not getting me anywhere.\" \"",
"Okay relax, relax, Liz.\" \"",
"It's not that bad.\" \"",
"I promise.\" \"",
"Not that bad?\" \"",
"Really?\" \"",
"Why don't you look at this?\" \"",
"See!\" \"",
"Obsession, obsession, obsession, obsession!\" \"",
"Okay, okay, you are a Max-aholic.\" \"",
"I'm here for you.\" \"",
"What can I do?\" \"",
"Get me a life.\" \"",
"Oh, you gotta be kidding me.\" \"",
"When did you get out?\" \" ",
"This morning.\" \" ",
"You didn't break out did you?\" \" ",
"I got a release, good behavior.\" \" ",
"That's a first.\" \"",
"You don't think that you are going to stay with us do you?\" \"",
"Aunt Amy already gave it the thumbs up.\" \"",
"She is such a soft touch, isn't she?\" \"",
"Hi, Liz\" \"Hey, Sean\" \"All grown up.\" \"",
"Like it.\" \" ",
"I'll see you at home.\" \" ",
"It's not your home.\" \" ",
"Grant.\" \"",
"Hey, Max\" \"You are uh...\" \"Waiting for Isabel.\" \"",
"Oh, right.\" \"",
"I'll go check on her.\" \" ",
"You know, Grant's downstairs.\" \" ",
"I know.\" \" ",
"Do you really like that guy?\" \" ",
"Don't start with me, Max.\" \"",
"What's wrong?\" \"",
"I just...\" \"I've been thinking about that girl all day\" \"You know?\" \"",
"It was different.\" \"",
"It was like she was dreamwalking me.\" \"",
"You mean, like, she is an alien?\" \"",
"No, no, I don't think so.\" \"",
"Well, maybe you should cancel your date\" \"You know how many times I have cancelled in the last month?\" \"",
"I have no more excuses.\" \"",
"Well, tell him the truth.\" \"",
"You're been battling evil aliens for control of the planet and it's hard to fit him in.\" \"",
"Funny.\" \"",
"No, no, I want a normal date with a normal guy tonight.\" \"",
"I'm going, so just... justtellhimI'llbeready infiveminutes .\" \"",
"Okay?\" \"",
"Fiveminutes.\" \" ",
"Five minutes.\" \" ",
"Yeah, five minutes.\" \"",
"Okay?\" \"",
"Thank you.\" \"",
"Oh God, jeez.\" \"",
"Channel 15.\" \"",
"Channel 23.\" \"",
"Unscrambled porn.\" \"",
"I have become - an idiot\" \"Oh, but a cute one.\" \" ",
"You sore?\" \" ",
"Yeah.\" \"",
"Thank you.\" \"",
"You okay?\" \"",
"Yeah, I'm fine.\" \"",
"I'm fine.\" \"",
"I'm sorry.\" \"",
"I need to find her.\" \"",
"She's in trouble.\" \"",
"She's going to die.\" \" ",
"It's real Sheriff.\" \"",
"I know it's happening.\" \"",
"You have to find her\" \"Find who?\" \"",
"What missing girl?\" \"",
"No one's been reported.\" \"",
"I don't know what she looks like.\" \"",
"I don't have any leads...\" \"I saw her car.\" \"",
"It's silver.\" \" ",
"Did you see the plates?\" \" ",
"No, but it's a Honda, or a Toyota, or something.\" \"",
"I'm not good with cars.\" \"",
"I guess I could start looking through the abandoned vehicle reports.\" \"",
"See if it's turned up.\" \"",
"Okay?\" \"",
"Thank you.\" \"",
"I'm sorry for barging in like this.\" \"",
"Hey, hey.\" \"",
"It's Okay, alright?\" \"",
"Thank you.\" \"",
"I know how all this must look.\" \"",
"I believe her.\" \"",
"I do.\" \"",
"I just don't know how realistic it is to think that I'm going to be able to find this girl with this evidence.\" \"",
"I know.\" \"",
"Thanks.\" \"",
"Hansen, I'm coming in.\" \"",
"Large coffee and\" \"and a warp wrap to go please.\" \"",
"Working late Jim?\" \"",
"Yep\" \"Great match your boy had the other night.\" \"",
"Yeah, two take downs.\" \"",
"Not bad, huh?\" \"",
"Just like his father.\" \"",
"Remember that match against the Rangers?\" \"",
"My God, how do you remember these things?\" \"",
"I had a crush on you, or didn'T you notice?\" \" ",
"I noticed your boyfriend.\" \"",
"I like to call him my husband now.\" \"",
"How'S your girl?\" \"",
"Mellisa?\" \"",
"Fine, just fine...\" \"I think.\" \"",
"Something wrong?\" \"",
"No, it'S nothing I'M sure\" \"She went to visit some friends in Santa Fe yesterday and she hasn'T called home yet.\" \"",
"I know I shouldn't be concerned, but she always calls.\" \"",
"Oh, I'll being silly.\" \"",
"Melissa drives a silver car doesn't she?\" \"",
"Yeah, Toyota.\" \"",
"Why?\" \"",
"You contacted all the Foster girl's friends yet?\" \"",
"I need to know if she turns up.\" \"",
"Get highway patrol on the horn.\" \"",
"I want every inch of 285 covered.\" \"",
"Plate numbers.\" \"",
"Run them.\" \"",
"She had an overnight bag and a cosmetics case.\" \"",
"Does she have a cell phone?\" \"",
"No.\" \"",
"I took it away from her.\" \"",
"She was spending too much money.\" \" ",
"Hey, how's it going?\" \" ",
"Busy.\" \"",
"Judith, you have that picture?\" \"",
"Yeah, it's right here.\" \" ",
"What's up?\" \" ",
"Heard about the missing girl.\" \"",
"You are really circling up the wagons here.\" \"",
"Just doing my job.\" \"",
"Excuse me.\" \"",
"Who you got in there?\" \"",
"Is this her?\" \"",
"The hair's the right color.\" \"",
"I think so.\" \" ",
"Are you sure?\" \" ",
"I never saw her clearly, but it's her.\" \"",
"It has to be.\" \"",
"I hope you're wrong.\" \"",
"I've known the Fosters for years.\" \" ",
"I don't recognize her.\" \" ",
"She goes to Goddard High.\" \"",
"The terror.\" \"",
"I felt it so clearly in the last dream.\" \"",
"We have to get her back.\" \"",
"I need to.\" \"",
"You and me both.\" \"",
"In case I haven't told you this.\" \"",
"You dine n?\" \"",
"dash here, you die.\" \" ",
"Is there a tip in there?\" \"",
"Just give me the burger.\" \"",
"How about a little talk, hmmm?\" \"",
"Alright, in our house there are rules, and as strange, unimaginable, and bizarre as it may seem we live our lives by these very simple rules.\" \"",
"Rule one, toilet seat is left down.\" \"",
"Rule two, underwear are not left on the floor, no.\" \"",
"Rule three, milk is poured into a glass, not directly consumed by the carton.\" \" ",
"Rule four -...\" \"There a lot of these rules?\" \"",
"Don't worry, I'll write them down for you,\" \" assuming of course, that you can read.\" \" ",
"Of course.\" \"",
"Now, pay attention please.\" \"",
"Rule four is very important.\" \"",
"Leave Liz alone.\" \" ",
"Why, is she part of that house too or something?\" \" ",
"I am not kidding, Sean.\" \"",
"She is way off limits to you.\" \"",
"Okay?\" \"",
"Way, way, off limits.\" \"",
"Way.\" \"",
"Look, I saw the way you looked at her, alright?\" \"",
"I'll grown up.\" \"",
"I like it?\" \" ",
"No, it't not going to happen, Sean.\" \" ",
"OK\" \"She's in a very delicate and fragile place in her life right now.\" \"",
"Dammit Eddie, where's my order?\" \"",
"I'm serious.\" \"",
"I hear you, alright?\" \"",
"Leave her alone.\" \"",
"I get it.\" \"",
"What do you want from me?\" \"",
"I'll give you the list by the end of the day.\" \"",
"No!\" \"",
"Oh, no!\" \"",
"It can't be!\" \"",
"You started crying Isabel.\" \"",
"What happened?\" \"",
"No, Oh God!\" \"",
"It's Grant!\" \"",
"It's Grant.\" \"",
"I saw him.\" \"",
"I saw him.\" \"",
"Oh God!\" \"",
"Oh God.\" \"",
"No.\" \" ",
"Sorenson?\" \" ",
"I'm positive.\" \"",
"Alright, I'll take care of it.\" \" ",
"You want us to help?\" \" ",
"Not this time.\" \"",
"Your honor!\" \"",
"Your honor!\" \"",
"Hello, Sheriff.\" \"",
"The woman who came forward is positive she saw Grant Sorenson with Melissa Foster.\" \"",
"You have a history with this Sorenson character don't you?\" \"",
"Uh, he filed a complaint?\" \"",
"That was a misunderstanding, sir.\" \"",
"Yeah, you searched his room without a warrant, shoving a gun in his face.\" \"",
"Your honor!\" \"",
"Your honor!\" \"",
"A girl could be dying here!\" \"",
"You hurry and get me probable cause, then you'll get your warrant;\" \"otherwise, you're ruining my handicap.\" \"",
"Check the car.\" \"",
"We're looking for a large vinyl bag;\" \"seven foot by three.\" \" ",
"What the hell's going on here?\" \" ",
"We need to do a little looking around Mr. Sorenson\" \"For what?\" \"",
"My igneous rock collection?\" \"",
"Do you know Melissa Foster?\" \" ",
"I heard she was. .\" \"",
"What is this?\" \"",
"Every time someone disappears I become your number one suspect?\" \" ",
"What were you doing last Friday night?\" \"",
"I drove to Carlsbad.\" \"",
"That's the opposite direction from Santa Fe.\" \"",
"How did you know Miss Foster went to Santa Fe?\" \"",
"It's common knowledge.\" \"",
"The whole town is talking.\" \"",
"Sherrif, you got a warrant?\" \"",
"What were you doing in Carlsbad?\" \" ",
"I went to pick up some equipment.\" \" ",
"We heard you were out here in the middle of the night.\" \" ",
"That's not a crime.\" \" ",
"Depends upon what you were doing.\" \" ",
"Don't touch that.\" \" ",
"What are you doing with this bag?\" \" ",
"Transporting equipment.\" \"",
"I need to see what's inside it.\" \"",
"Open it up.\" \" ",
"I can't do that.\" \" ",
"Well if you won't then I will.\" \" ",
"Step aside.\" \" ",
"Sheriff, this is ridiculous\" \" Back off!\" \" ",
"What is this?\" \" ",
"It's equipment, photosensitive equipment.\" \"",
"They use it in caverns like in Carlsbad.\" \"",
"That's why I work at nights.\" \"",
"It's the only time to get proper readings.\" \"",
"You don't have a warrant do you?\" \"",
"Dan.\" \"",
"Okay, cards on the table, Jimbo.\" \"",
"What's going on here?\" \"",
"I'm in the middle of an investigation.\" \" ",
"Where you been the last four hours?\" \" ",
"Following a lead.\" \"",
"Checking out a suspect.\" \"",
"Anymore questions?\" \"",
"Yeah, you get a warrant for Sorenson this time?\" \"",
"You always know more than you let on, don't you Dan.\" \"",
"I should have remembered that the day you walked through my door\" \"It's part of my job, Jimbo, and what I know right now is you disappear for days on end and you spend a lot of time lately with teenage kids.\" \"",
"That's awful strange behavior.\" \"",
"This isn't about the Hubble case is it?\" \"",
"What the hell is going on here?\" \"",
"The State Board has had you in their watch file for a long time now, what with your reputation for chasing UFO's and what not.\" \"",
"But right now it's your own men that are talking, and they want to know what's happened to their sheriff.\" \"",
"I don't owe them an explanation.\" \" ",
"You owe me!\" \"(",
"DAN):\" \"You're crossing a lot of lines and I want to know why!\" \"(",
"VALENTI):\" \"I haven't been able to carry on an investigation.\" \"(",
"VALENTI}:\" \"A girl's life is on the line.\" \" ",
"What!\" \" ",
"Uh, Sheriff.\" \"",
"I'm sorry but, uh. .\" \"",
"Can we help you?\" \"",
"Yeah, hi.\" \"",
"I'm Melissa Foster.\" \"",
"I heard you were looking for me.\" \"",
"Girl said her car gave out halfway to Santa Fe.\" \"",
"Next day she had it towed.\" \"",
"No kidnapper, no needles, no bags and no desert.\" \"",
"Isabel, it's alright.\" \"",
"Melissa's safe.\" \"",
"Her family's happy.\" \"",
"Nobody got hurt.\" \"",
"What about you?\" \"",
"I'll have some awkward questions to answer but I'm sure it will blow over.\" \"",
"Sheriff, I am so sorry.\" \"",
"I don't know how I could have been so wrong.\" \"",
"I ...\" \"Hey, you didn't do anything wrong.\" \"",
"You have gifts the rest of us don't, and I trust those gifts.\" \"",
"And if anything like this ever happens again, I want you to come to me.all right?\" \"",
"and don't worry about me.\" \"",
"I'll be fine.\" \"",
"What the hell is wrong with you?\" \"",
"You conduct an illegal search after I say no!\" \"",
"You know, Sorenson has filed a 15 million-dollar civil suit against the city.\" \"",
"For what?\" \"",
"Because I ruined his stupid experiment?\" \"",
"He's gonna be laughed out of court.\" \"",
"I'm half tempted to have you thrown into your own jail on a contempt citation.\" \"",
"I'm sorry.\" \"",
"Okay, I was wrong.\" \"",
"I had a hunch.\" \"",
"I had to follow it.\" \"",
"A hunch!\" \"",
"You told me you had a witness!\" \"",
"You told Judith Foster you had two witnesses!\" \"",
"You terrified that family!\" \"",
"I spent all day trying to calm them down.\" \"",
"There are two witnesses, but I promised them anonymity.\" \"",
"I can'y break that promise.\" \"",
"We talking about those kids again.\" \" ",
"No\" \" What kids?\" \" ",
"Max and Isabel Evans.\" \" ",
"This has nothing to do with them\" \" Then who?\" \"",
"I want names and I want them now.\" \"",
"I'm sorry.\" \"",
"Best find yourself a lawyer.\" \"",
"Isabel,I don't understand this.\" \"",
"You're never been wrong about this in the past and we're always gone with your judgement.\" \"",
"I don't understand it either, Max.\" \"",
"This wasn't something that I planned.\" \" ",
"How could this happen.\" \" ",
"I don't know\" \"Valenti might be losing his job because of us.\" \"",
"Have you thought about that?\" \":\" \"",
"Of course I have, but what was I suppose to do?\" \"",
"Just let her die?\" \"",
"There is no missing girl, Alright!\" \"",
"Your dreams were wrong.\" \"",
"You were wrong.\" \"",
"Don't you think I know that?\" \"",
"Maybe part of me just needed her to be missing.\" \"",
"What do you mean?\" \"",
"After everything we're been through, after all the pain that we're caused,\" \"I just wanted what we are, what I am, to do something good for a change.\" \"",
"Isabel, you are my sister.\" \"",
"You yell at me, you second-guess me, and you piss me off.\" \"",
"You also saved my life, and I don't care what we're been through;\" \"I still believe in you.\" \"",
"I always will.\" \"",
"Go get some sleep.\" \"",
"You look...\" \"really bad.\" \"",
"Thanks!\" \"",
"Tess is openly mocking me now.\" \"",
"This morning I woke up with little antennae coming out of my head.\" \"",
"I don't know what to say.\" \"",
"We need professional help.\" \" ",
"Yo, M.\" \" M?\" \"",
"No, see um...\" \"in the real world we use names.\" \"",
"My name is Maria.\" \"",
"Who's that?\" \" ",
"Maria's loser cousin Sean\" \" Can I get some fries, tough guy?\" \" ",
"No\" \"Sorry, we're closed.\" \"",
"So sorry\" \"Anyway, the point is, I'm just saying It,s gonna be OK.\" \"",
"I mean we're both obsessed people but we'll get through it.\" \"",
"At least we have each other.\" \"",
"You know, uh,\" \"I think the fryer is still warm.\" \"",
"I could whip you up some fries.\" \"",
"Nah, forget it.\" \"",
"I'll scrounge something up at home.\" \"",
"It's not your home.\" \"",
"Stop calling it that.\" \"",
"You're just passing through.\" \" ",
"You're not actually thinking...\" \" No, of course not.\" \"",
"All I try and do is help.\" \"",
"Does anybody listen?\" \"",
"I'm sorry, what were you saying?\" \"",
"Nothing.\" \"",
"I was just talking to myself.\" \"",
"Hey, you got any cousins for me?\" \"",
"Where am I?\" \"",
"No, please don't!\" \"",
"Max, Max!\" \"",
"No, Max...\" \"Max!\" \"",
"Help me!\" \"",
"I'm here.\" \"",
"Isabel, Isabel wake up.\" \"",
"No, please!\" \"",
"Don't do this.\" \"",
"You don't have to do this. ",
"please!\" \"",
"No!\" \" ",
"Isabel, are you alright?\" \"",
"Oh my God.\" \"",
"Judith Foster is filing a grievance with the State police board.\" \"",
"She wants a formal investigation into you actions.\" \"",
"I wonder who put that idea in her head?\" \"",
"Lot a questions here, Jimbo.\" \".\" \"",
"Time for you to start thinking of some answers.\" \"",
"Talk to my lawyer.\" \"",
"SheriffValenti It's not over\" \"You wanna explain that to me.\" \"",
"It's not Melissa Foster.\" \"",
"It's some other girl.\" \"",
"She's in Fraizer Woods in the clearing outside the abandoned pump house.\" \"",
"We have to go right now.\" \" ",
"Szeryfie?\" \" ",
"Where are you now Deputy?\" \"",
"We're at our house.\" \"",
"We'll meet you on Clark's street, near the Crashdown.\" \" ",
"Stay where you are.\" \"",
"I'll take care of it.\" \" ",
"No, we're going with you.\" \"",
"Can you meet us?\" \"",
"Yeah, I'll meet you there deputy.\" \"",
"Do deputies always call you on your private line?\" \"",
"I'll talk to you in the morning.\" \"",
"You know your Daddy went down just like this\" \"Got some fool notion into his head, ignored the law and his friends, and ended up handing over his badge.\" \"",
"Is that a threat?\" \"",
"If that phone call was from those kids, consider it a warning.\" \"",
"This is it.\" \"",
"Ok, we're here.\" \"",
"Now what?\" \"",
"I don't know.\" \"",
"I don't know.\" \"",
"She's here.\" \"",
"She'shere somewhere.\" \"",
"You kidnap a girl.\" \"",
"You bring her out here and then you...\" \" What is it?\" \" ",
"It's a molehill.\" \"",
"So?\" \"",
"It's an awfully straight line for a molehill.\" \"",
"Oxygen tanks\" \"Oh my God.\" \"",
"Come on.\" \"",
"Oh God, she's under here\" \" Watch the head.\" \" ",
"Oh my God.\" \" ",
"What did they do to her?\" \" ",
"I don't know.\" \"",
"She's going into shock.\" \"",
"We're got you.\" \"",
"What did they do?\" \" ",
"Isabel, can you get this thing off?\" \" ",
"Yes.\" \"",
"Hurry, Hurry.\" \"",
"Get it off.\" \"",
"Isabel, hurry!\" \"",
"Max, I see the shooter.\" \" ",
"I can't keep this up.\" \" ",
"I almost have it.\" \" ",
"I've got it.\" \" ",
"You see him?\" \"",
"Yeah...\" \"Ready?\" \"",
"Go !\" \"",
"Freeze!\" \"",
"Dan, It's me!\" \"",
"What the hell's going on here?\" \"",
"Who are you shooting at?\" \" ",
"Kidnapper.\" \" ",
"What kidnapper?\" \"",
"We found our missing girl.\" \"",
"I never saw his face.\" \"",
"I was coming down to visit my grandparents in Roswell when he ...\" \"came up behind me on the street...\" \"Laurie, I'm going to have someone watch over you round the clock until your parents arrive.\" \"",
"You're safe now.\" \"",
"I promise.\" \"",
"How did you know to find me out here?\" \"",
"Someone heard you cry out for help.\" \"",
"How'd you find her?\" \"",
"Good police work.\" \"",
"Aw, come on.\" \"",
"You can do better than that.\" \"",
"What were those kids doing out here?\" \"",
"Nothing.\" \" ",
"They were just along for the ride\" \" Along for the ride?\" \"",
"You telling me that you took two minors with you on a ride along?\" \"",
"That alone is enough to get you suspended.\" \"",
"I'll take the suspension.\" \"",
"You leave the kids out of this.\" \"",
"Sheriff, look at this.\" \"",
"Our shooter's bullets.\" \" ",
"Yes, but there's no laceration or impact.\" \"",
"They're in perfect shape.\" \"",
"That's impossible, physically impossible.\" \"",
"Thanks.\" \"",
"Deputy, I'll take care of these.\" \"",
"I'm as baffled as you are.\" \"",
"Nah, nah, you're not.\" \"",
"You're a good cop, Jimbo, but you don't lie very well, and whatever you're covering up, I'm going to find it out.\" \"",
"You can count on it\" \"Who are you?\" \"",
"Isabel.\" \"",
"You saved my life.\" \"",
"Thank you.\" \"",
"Ready to go home?\" \"",
"Isabel?\" \"",
"There's something about her, Max.\" \"",
"What do you mean?\" \"",
"It's like I know her.\" \"{",
"C:$aaccff}Ó¢ÎÄ×ÖÄ\"ÖÆ×÷£ºmarksman\" \"{C:$aaccff}µç¿ÏÂÔØ\"ùµØ µÚ11¼¯ Íê\""
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0.007836085744202137,
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0.0007885239901952446,
0.000695433933287859,
0.007084477227181196
] | 0.035906 | 646 |
[
"TV shearography: quantitative measurement of shear-magnitude fields by use of digital speckle photography.",
"\nDigital speckle photography combined with TV shearography is developed for precise measurement of the magnitude of the shear field in a linear shear configuration. ",
"As an application the method is implemented to determine the slope-change variations of a three-dimensional object with TV shearography in which the shear magnitude is obtained with the digital speckle photography technique."
] | {
"pile_set_name": "PubMed Abstracts"
} | [
0.0006276742205955088,
0.000636305776424706,
0.0005990714998915792
] | 0.000621 | 3 |
[
"Acute pulmonary edema in the emergency department: clinical and echocardiographic survey in an aged population.",
"\nThis study is aimed at better defining the prevalence of left ventricular dysfunction, atrial fibrillation, and mitral regurgitation in aged patients with cardiogenic acute pulmonary edema. ",
"One hundred and twenty-three consecutive patients with acute pulmonary edema (APE) arriving at the emergency department of a peripheral hospital who underwent Doppler echocardiography within 36 hours of admission were reviewed retrospectively. ",
"Left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) was normal or near normal (ie, LVEF > or = 40%) in 41.4% (n = 51 patients), and depressed in 58.5% (n = 72). ",
"Significant valvular dysfunction was present in 37.4%; mitral regurgitation was the most frequent (22.8%; n = 28). ",
"We found a significant positive correlation between systolic blood pressure (SBP) and LVEF (P = 0.003). ",
"Within the group of patients presenting with lower SBP (< or = 140 mm Hg), as blood pressure diminished, LVEF also diminished significantly (P = 0.008). ",
"In a logistic regression analysis, male sex and SBP of less than 120 mm Hg were found to be the strongest predictors for LVEF < or = 40%, conferring a 2.68- and 2.73-fold risk, respectively (95%CI, 1.19 to -6.00; P = 0.016 and 95%CI, 0.956-7.80; P = 0.061, respectively) compared with female sex and higher SBP groups. ",
"This study emphasizes that emergency departments should have clear-cut policies for diagnosing and treating acute coronary syndromes and tachyarrhythmias, as being potential treatable causes of APE. ",
"Once stabilized, patients should be examined for treatable valvular causes. ",
"A further study, of acute echocardiography done upon arrival to the emergency department in patients with APE is warranted."
] | {
"pile_set_name": "PubMed Abstracts"
} | [
0.0006218664930202067,
0.0009496734710410237,
0.0006098162266425788,
0.0018199621699750423,
0.00120000378228724,
0.0007908857660368085,
0.000730744213797152,
0.0016814634436741471,
0.0007439200999215245,
0.0007823279593139887,
0.0005307522951625288
] | 0.000951 | 11 |
[
"Oxidation of LDL in baboons is increased by alcohol and attenuated by polyenylphosphatidylcholine.",
"\nAlcohol taken in moderation may prevent atherosclerosis, whereas heavy drinking has the opposite effect, in part by promoting oxidation of low density lipoproteins (LDL), a pathogenetic factor in atherogenesis. ",
"We assess here: 1 ) whether similar alterations can be reproduced in baboons fed 50% of energy as ethanol (the average intake of alcoholics) for 7- 8 years, and 2 ) whether such alterations are affected by supplementation with polyenylphosphatidylcholine (PPC), a mixture of polyunsaturated phosphatidylcholines, shown to prevent alcoholic fatty liver, fibrosis, and cirrhosis. ",
"Ten animals were given the ethanol-containing diet and ten were pair-fed isocaloric control diets. ",
"In half of the pairs, the diets were supplemented with 2.8 g of polyenylphosphatidylcholine/1000 kcal. ",
"Alcohol feeding increased LDL-lipoperoxides and made LDL-proteins more negatively charged, changes that were attenuated or prevented by PPC. ",
"The oxidizability of LDL was determined in vitro by the formation of conjugated dienes after oxidation with copper. ",
"Alcohol shortened the lag time (which measures LDL antioxidant capacity); this effect was normalized by PPC supplementation. ",
"By contrast, PPC produced no changes in the controls. ",
"Thus polyenylphosphatidylcholine, by markedly attenuating the ethanol-induced increase in LDL oxidation, opposes one of the effects whereby alcohol promotes atherosclerosis."
] | {
"pile_set_name": "PubMed Abstracts"
} | [
0.0014988575130701065,
0.0011653406545519829,
0.0007685624295845628,
0.0008530928753316402,
0.0011256411671638489,
0.0007437585154548287,
0.0006688240682706237,
0.0011887979926541448,
0.0006754581700079143,
0.0012186889071017504
] | 0.000991 | 10 |
[
"The word \"Obstructive\" is misspelled in the article title. ",
"The correct title is: Increased Iron Sequestration in Alveolar Macrophages in Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease. ",
"The correct citation is: Philippot Q, Deslée G, Adair-Kirk TL, Woods JC, Byers D, et al. (",
"2014) Increased Iron Sequestration in Alveolar Macrophages in Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease. ",
"PLoS ONE 9(5): e96285. ",
"doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0096285\n"
] | {
"pile_set_name": "PubMed Central"
} | [
0.0017994015943259,
0.0010526683181524277,
0.0005785594694316387,
0.001157506718300283,
0.00084402208449319,
0.0009911630768328905
] | 0.001071 | 6 |
[
"[Effects of Tongluo Xingnao effervescent tablets on blood rheology, iNOS, VEGF and LDH-5 in MID rats].",
"\nThe study was to explore effects of Tongluo Xingnao effervescent tablets on the blood rheology, iNOS, VEGF and LDH-5 in multi-infarct dementia(MID) model rats. ",
"Establish MID model rats were induced by microthrombosis, from which 50 successful model rats were randomly divided into five groups, such as the model control group, the dihydroergotoxine mesylate tablets(hydergine) group(0.7 mg•kg⁻¹), Tongluo Xingnao effervescent tablets high-dose, medium-dose and low-dose groups(7.56, 3.78, 1.89 g•kg⁻¹). ",
"Another ten rats in the sham group were randomly selected as the parallel control group. ",
"Each group was orally administered with drugs for 90 days. ",
"The learning and memory ability was evaluated with the Morris water maze test, while the whole blood viscosity and the erythrocyte aggregation index derived from abdominal aorta were measured in different shear rates. ",
"In addition, the levels of VEGF and iNOS in the serum were determined by ELISA kits. ",
"The expression of LDH-5 in hippocampus of rats was measured with immunohistochemistry and image quantitative analysis. ",
"The result showed that Tongluo Xingnao effervescent tablets notably decreased the escape latency of MID model rats, increased times of entering into the escape platform and prolonged retention time in medium ring, meanwhile the whole blood viscosity in MID model rats was also notably reduced in four shear rates, i.e. 1, 5, 30, 200 S⁻¹, erythrocyte aggregation index, serum VEGF and iNOS, and average optical density value of LDH-5, with a statistically significant differences compared with the model control group (P<0.05). ",
"In conclusion, Tongluo Xingnao effervescent tablets could improve the ability of learning and memory of MID model rats and the blood rheology, reduce the level of iNOS, VEGF and the expression of LDH-5, and then improved the brain energy supply."
] | {
"pile_set_name": "PubMed Abstracts"
} | [
0.000916678283829242,
0.0008319661137647927,
0.0009188276599161327,
0.0015963256591930985,
0.0006077097496017814,
0.0009614414302632213,
0.0006171494605951011,
0.000785296899266541,
0.0007449012482538819,
0.0011545483721420169
] | 0.000913 | 10 |
[
"Correction\n==========\n\nAfter the publication of this work \\[[@B1]\\], we became aware of the fact that the gene name \\'GmGER 9\\' was mistakenly used throughout the gene function analyses in the original manuscript due to an error between the gene identification number recorded in our notebook and the nearest matching GenBank accession. ",
"The gene name \\'GmGER 9\\' should be changed to \\'GmGER 15\\' in the following places:\n\nResults\n=======\n\nIn the last Paragraph of the results section (page 9), replace \\\"GmGER 9\\\" with \\\"GmGER 15\\\".",
"\n\nDiscussion\n==========\n\nIn line 2 of page 12, replace \\\"GmGER 9\\\" with \\\"GmGER 15\\\".",
"\n\nIn line 5 of page 12, replace \\\"GmGER 9\\\" with \\\"GmGER 15\\\".",
"\n\nIn line 8 of page 12, replace \\\"GmGER 9\\\" with \\\"GmGER 15\\\".",
"\n\nMethods\n=======\n\nIn line 1 of the Paragraph \\\"Salt tolerance assay\\\" on page 13, replace \\\"GmGER 9\\\"\n\nwith \\\"GmGER 15\\\".",
"\n"
] | {
"pile_set_name": "PubMed Central"
} | [
0.0006425532628782094,
0.002729938132688403,
0.007165325339883566,
0.014595864340662956,
0.015112045221030712,
0.005347603932023048,
0.001995587022975087
] | 0.006798 | 7 |
[
"#ifndef VULKAN_MACOS_H_\n#define VULKAN_MACOS_H_ 1\n\n#ifdef __cplusplus\nextern \"C\" {\n#endif\n\n/*\n** Copyright (c) 2015-2018 The Khronos Group Inc.\n**\n** Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the \"License\");\n** you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.",
"\n** You may obtain a copy of the License at\n**\n** http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0\n**\n** Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software\n** distributed under the License is distributed on an \"AS IS\" BASIS,\n** WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.",
"\n** See the License for the specific language governing permissions and\n** limitations under the License.",
"\n*/\n\n/*\n** This header is generated from the Khronos Vulkan XML API Registry.",
"\n**\n*/\n\n\n#define VK_MVK_macos_surface 1\n#define VK_MVK_MACOS_SURFACE_SPEC_VERSION 2\n#define VK_MVK_MACOS_SURFACE_EXTENSION_NAME \"VK_MVK_macos_surface\"\n\ntypedef VkFlags VkMacOSSurfaceCreateFlagsMVK;\n\ntypedef struct VkMacOSSurfaceCreateInfoMVK {\n VkStructureType sType;\n const void* pNext;\n VkMacOSSurfaceCreateFlagsMVK flags;\n const void* pView;\n} VkMacOSSurfaceCreateInfoMVK;\n\n\ntypedef VkResult (VKAPI_PTR *PFN_vkCreateMacOSSurfaceMVK)(VkInstance instance, const VkMacOSSurfaceCreateInfoMVK* pCreateInfo, const VkAllocationCallbacks* pAllocator, VkSurfaceKHR* pSurface);\n\n#ifndef VK_NO_PROTOTYPES\nVKAPI_ATTR VkResult VKAPI_CALL vkCreateMacOSSurfaceMVK(\n VkInstance instance,\n const VkMacOSSurfaceCreateInfoMVK* pCreateInfo,\n const VkAllocationCallbacks* pAllocator,\n VkSurfaceKHR* pSurface);\n#endif\n\n#ifdef __cplusplus\n}\n#endif\n\n#endif\n"
] | {
"pile_set_name": "Github"
} | [
0.0008051926852203906,
0.0005765084642916918,
0.0005748771363869309,
0.0007924918900243938,
0.011158362962305546
] | 0.002781 | 5 |
[
"Now, if you are a member of the NAPP (via www.photoshopuser.com) there is a 25% discount available. ",
"But I crunched the numbers and the current sale at Topaz comes out to the same figure if you apply the NAPP discount. ",
"However if you, like me, have one of the component plugins (I had bought Adjust some time back) the NAPP discount can be applied to the Upgrade deal that Topaz has and it does save money (for the Bundle Upgrade) but in the long run any savings are gone from the previous purchase being added in. ",
"So pick your flavour.",
"\n\nBTW, I'm not associated nor paid by Topaz...I'm just a user who is saving a few bucks.",
"\n\nI watch Photoshop TV occasionally and Scott and the boys showed this program. ",
"Saves a lot of time with these presets. ",
"I use PS Elements 7 and if I want changes I have to make them myself. ",
"Presets speed up that process."
] | {
"pile_set_name": "Pile-CC"
} | [
0.0007115669432096183,
0.0005806551198475063,
0.000586291600484401,
0.003559000324457884,
0.0012834668159484863,
0.0006768273888155818,
0.0006525138742290437,
0.0005853100446984172,
0.0006634134333580732
] | 0.001033 | 9 |
[
"\"It is the first time I arranged a meeting to fire a ballplayer,\" Guillen said about the first baseman who traveled to the United States to get married and it looks like he won't return to the team, even though that door is not totally closed. \"",
"He is an important player in this league, not only for what he has done offensively and defensively, but also for the way he plays baseball. ",
"Everyone should look at themselves in that mirror. ",
"He earned his money in this country.\""
] | {
"pile_set_name": "OpenWebText2"
} | [
0.0009830128401517868,
0.0006530586397275329,
0.00905101653188467,
0.0006956632132641971
] | 0.002846 | 4 |
[
"\n/*\n * index_marking.c -- Implements functions handling index marking\n * for Speech Dispatcher\n *\n * Copyright (C) 2001,2002,2003, 2007 Brailcom, o.p.s\n *\n * This is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it\n * under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by\n * the Free Software Foundation; either version 2, or (at your option)\n * any later version.",
"\n *\n * This software is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,\n * but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of\n * MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. ",
" See the GNU\n * General Public License for more details.",
"\n *\n * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License\n * along with this program. ",
" If not, see <https://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.",
"\n *\n * $Id: index_marking.c,v 1.17 2008-06-11 12:11:25 hanke Exp $\n */\n\n#ifdef HAVE_CONFIG_H\n#include <config.h>\n#endif\n\n#include \"index_marking.h\"\n\nvoid insert_index_marks(TSpeechDMessage * msg, SPDDataMode ssml_mode)\n{\n\tGString *marked_text;\n\tchar *pos;\n\tchar character[6];\n\tchar character2[6];\n\tgunichar u_char;\n\tint n = 0;\n\tint ret;\n\tint inside_tag = 0;\n\n\tmarked_text = g_string_new(\"\");\n\n\tassert(msg !",
"= NULL);\n\tassert(msg->buf !",
"= NULL);\n\n\tMSG2(5, \"index_marking\", \"MSG before index marking: |%s|, ssml_mode=%d\",\n\t msg->buf, ssml_mode);\n\n\tif (ssml_mode == SPD_DATA_TEXT)\n\t\tg_string_printf(marked_text, \"<speak>\");\n\n\tpos = msg->buf;\n\twhile (pos) {\n\t\tret = spd_utf8_read_char(pos, character);\n\t\tif (ret == 0 || (strlen(character) == 0))\n\t\t\tbreak;\n\t\tu_char = g_utf8_get_char(character);\n\n\t\tif (u_char == '<') {\n\t\t\tif (ssml_mode == SPD_DATA_SSML) {\n\t\t\t\tinside_tag = 1;\n\t\t\t\tg_string_append_printf(marked_text, \"%s\",\n\t\t\t\t\t\t character);\n\t\t\t} else\n\t\t\t\tg_string_append_printf(marked_text, \"<\");\n\t\t} else if (u_char == '>') {\n\t\t\tif (ssml_mode == SPD_DATA_SSML) {\n\t\t\t\tinside_tag = 0;\n\t\t\t\tg_string_append_printf(marked_text, \"%s\",\n\t\t\t\t\t\t character);\n\t\t\t} else\n\t\t\t\tg_string_append_printf(marked_text, \">\");\n\t\t} else if (u_char == '&') {\n\t\t\tif (ssml_mode == SPD_DATA_SSML) {\n\t\t\t\tg_string_append_printf(marked_text, \"%s\",\n\t\t\t\t\t\t character);\n\t\t\t} else {\n\t\t\t\tif (!",
"inside_tag)\n\t\t\t\t\tg_string_append_printf(marked_text,\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t \"&\");\n\t\t\t}\n\t\t} else\n\t\t if (((u_char == '.') ",
"|| (u_char == '?') ",
"|| (u_char == '!'))",
"\n\t\t\t&& !",
"inside_tag) {\n\t\t\tpos = g_utf8_find_next_char(pos, NULL);\n\t\t\tret = spd_utf8_read_char(pos, character2);\n\t\t\tif ((ret == 0) || (strlen(character2) == 0)) {\n\t\t\t\tg_string_append_printf(marked_text, \"%s\",\n\t\t\t\t\t\t character);\n\t\t\t\tMSG2(6, \"index_marking\", \"MSG altering 1: |%s|\",\n\t\t\t\t marked_text->str);\n\t\t\t\tbreak;\n\t\t\t}\n\t\t\tu_char = g_utf8_get_char(character2);\n\t\t\tif ((g_unichar_isspace(u_char)) || (u_char == '<')\n\t\t\t || (u_char == '&')) {\n\t\t\t\tg_string_append_printf(marked_text,\n\t\t\t\t\t\t \"%s\" SD_MARK_HEAD \"%d\"\n\t\t\t\t\t\t SD_MARK_TAIL,\n\t\t\t\t\t\t character, n);\n\t\t\t\tn++;\n\t\t\t\tMSG2(6, \"index_marking\", \"MSG altering 2: |%s|\",\n\t\t\t\t marked_text->str);\n\t\t\t\tcontinue;\n\t\t\t} else {\n\t\t\t\tg_string_append_printf(marked_text, \"%s\",\n\t\t\t\t\t\t character);\n\t\t\t\tMSG2(6, \"index_marking\", \"MSG altering 3: |%s|\",\n\t\t\t\t marked_text->str);\n\t\t\t\tcontinue;\n\t\t\t}\n\t\t} else {\n\t\t\tg_string_append_printf(marked_text, \"%s\", character);\n\t\t}\n\n\t\tpos = g_utf8_find_next_char(pos, NULL);\n\t}\n\n\tif (ssml_mode == SPD_DATA_TEXT)\n\t\tg_string_append_printf(marked_text, \"</speak>\");\n\n\tg_free(msg->buf);\n\tmsg->buf = marked_text->str;\n\n\tg_string_free(marked_text, 0);\n\n\tMSG2(5, \"index_marking\", \"MSG after index marking: |%s|\", msg->buf);\n}\n\n/* Finds the index mark specified in _mark_ . */",
"\nchar *find_index_mark(TSpeechDMessage * msg, int mark)\n{\n\tchar str_mark[64];\n\tchar *pos;\n\tchar *p;\n\n\tMSG(5, \"Trying to find index mark %d\", mark);\n\n\t/* Fix this for variable space number */\n\tsprintf(str_mark, SD_MARK_HEAD \"%d\" SD_MARK_TAIL, mark);\n\n\tp = strstr(msg->buf, str_mark);\n\tif (p == 0)\n\t\treturn NULL;\n\n\tpos = p + strlen(str_mark);\n\n\tMSG(5, \"Search for index mark sucessfull\");\n\n\treturn pos;\n}\n\n/* Deletes all index marks from the given text */\nchar *strip_index_marks(char *buf, SPDDataMode ssml_mode)\n{\n\tGString *str;\n\tchar *strret;\n\n\tchar str_mark[] = SD_MARK_HEAD;\n\n\tchar *p;\n\tchar *p_old;\n\n\tif (ssml_mode == SPD_DATA_SSML)\n\t\tstr = g_string_new(\"<speak>\");\n\telse\n\t\tstr = g_string_new(\"\");\n\n\tMSG2(5, \"index_marking\", \"Message before stripping index marks: |%s|\",\n\t buf);\n\n\tp = buf;\n\n\twhile (1) {\n\t\tif (*p == '\\0')\n\t\t\tbreak;\n\t\tp_old = p;\n\t\tp = strstr(p, str_mark);\n\t\tif (p !",
"= NULL) {\n\t\t\tg_string_append_len(str, p_old, (int)(p - p_old));\n\t\t} else {\n\t\t\tg_string_append(str, p_old);\n\t\t\tbreak;\n\t\t}\n\t\tdo {\n\t\t\tp++;\n\t\t} while (*p !",
"= '>' && *p !",
"= '\\0');\n\t\tif (*p == '>')\n\t\t\tp++;\n\t}\n\n\tif (ssml_mode == SPD_DATA_TEXT) {\n\t\tp = strstr(str->str, \"</speak>\");\n\t\tif (p !",
"= NULL)\n\t\t\t*p = 0;\n\t}\n\n\tstrret = str->str;\n\tg_string_free(str, 0);\n\n\tMSG2(5, \"index_marking\", \"Message after stripping index marks: |%s|\",\n\t strret);\n\n\treturn strret;\n}\n"
] | {
"pile_set_name": "Github"
} | [
0.0006274385959841311,
0.0006461262819357216,
0.0005627512000501156,
0.0006361114792525768,
0.0006103604682721198,
0.004488601814955473,
0.03438971936702728,
0.01383179984986782,
0.0008072528289631009,
0.0008498397655785084,
0.0009522702312096953,
0.0076363361440598965,
0.0031374148093163967,
0.014336188323795795,
0.06710390001535416,
0.005833358503878117,
0.003969665616750717,
0.01495579443871975
] | 0.009743 | 18 |
[
"Bokujō Monogatari: Saikai no Mineral Town game remakes both GBA games\n\nThe Famitsu.com website revealed on Tuesday that Marvelous is developing Bokujō Monogatari: Saikai no Mineral Town (Story of Seasons: Reunion at Mineral Town), a full remake of the Harvest Moon: Friends of Mineral Town and Harvest Moon: More Friends of Mineral Town Game Boy Advance games. ",
"The game will ship in Japan on October 17 for the Nintendo Switch.",
"\n\nThis week's issue of Gzbrain Inc.'s Weekly Famitsu magazine will reveal more information on the game on Thursday.",
"\n\nNatsume published most of the previous games in the franchise under the umbrella title of Harvest Moon in North America. ",
"However, since XSEED Games — Marvelous AQL 's own subsidiary — published the Bokujō Monogatari: Tsunagaru Shin Tenchi game in North America in March 2015, it cannot use Natsume's Harvest Moon title. ",
"XSEED most recently released Story of Seasons: Trio of Towns ( Bokujō Monogatari: Mitsu no Sato no Taisetsu na Tomodachi ) for the Nintendo 3DS in February 2017.",
"\n\nBandai Namco Entertainment will release the Doraemon : Story of Seasons ( Doraemon : Nobita no Bokujō Monogatari ) crossover game for the Switch and PC via Steam in the Americas this fall. ",
"The game will also launch in Europe and Southeast Asia in fall. ",
"The game launched in Japan for the Switch on June 13.",
"\n\nSource: Famitsu.com via Gematsu"
] | {
"pile_set_name": "OpenWebText2"
} | [
0.0009496065322309732,
0.0007394732092507184,
0.0007401581387966871,
0.0006723457481712103,
0.000769612961448729,
0.0007509795832447708,
0.0009148877579718828,
0.0007058621849864721,
0.0005990246427245438,
0.0010373928816989064
] | 0.000788 | 10 |
[
"Unification of the findings in schizophrenia by reference to the effects of gestational zinc deficiency.",
"\nThe hypothesis presented here suggests that schizophrenia is caused by the action of gestational zinc deficiency on genetically susceptible foetuses. ",
"The psychosis seen is suggested to be due to a combination of dietary or otherwise induced zinc deficiency and lack of zinc releasing capacity in the hippocampus. ",
"A non genetic but transmissable immune defect is suggested to be relevant to psychosis and to the nonmendelian pattern of inheritance of the disorder."
] | {
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[
"What\nif You Could Receive Kundalini Shaktipat Simply By\nListening to Music?",
"\n\nLearn\nHow Meditation Music with a Unique Shaktipat Sound Technology\nCan Awaken You Into Deep States of Meditation & Bliss\n\n(*Free\nSamples Below*)\n\nImagine\nlistening to beautiful music that gently but powerfully awakened you into\ndeep states of bliss.",
"\n\nMy\nname is Kip Mazuy known by many as the \"Leader in Meditation Music Sound\nTechnology.\"",
"\n\nThousands of people all over the world already enjoy\nincredible states of meditation while listening to my CDs. ",
"Over 10,000 people read my online\nmeditation teachings every week.",
"\n\nIn\nmy twenties, I lived in an ashram, studying under an enlightened master\nwho had been a close disciple of Swami Muktananda. ",
"It was\nthere I first learned how important kundalini shaktipat really is to get\nyou into enlightened states of meditation.",
"\n\nFor\nthousands of years in the east, it has been known that if you wish to get\nenlightened, you found an enlightened meditation master and you sat\nwith them. ",
"Simply by receiving shaktipat from the Guru, meditation spontaneously happens.",
"\n\nContinually\nsitting in the enlightened presence of the teacher will deepen\nyour meditation very quickly and effectively. ",
"This is known as the\neasiest path to enlightenment.",
"\n\nAfter\nyears of sitting with many masters and having a profound spiritual awakening, I discovered a way I could turn\nthis kundalini shaktipat into sound.",
"\n\nI could, by using very special recording equipment,\n\"record\" high states of enlightened meditation and turn it into\nmeditation music.",
"\n\nThat\nmeans simply by listening to some unique meditation music, you receive the\nsame shaktipat and can\nexperience incredible states of meditation and bliss.",
"\n\nSimply by\nPlaying The CDs, Meditation Effortlessly Happens.",
"\n\nYou\ncould experience\n\nUnconditional\nPeace, Bliss & Love\n\nStates\nof Oneness\n\nTranscendence of Mind & Ego\n\nKundalini\nAwakening\n\nSpiritual\nAwakening\n\nSpontaneous\nHealing\n\nTranscend\nDeep Rooted Fear & Separation\n\nWitness\nConsciousness\n\nSavikalpa\nSamadhi\n\nAwakening\nof the Chakras\n\nStates\nof Unconditional Love and Devotion\n\nOut\nof Body Experiences\n\nVisions\n& Much More\n\nInfinite\nSky is a 3 CD set of very slow and\nsoothing meditation music. ",
"There\nare 2 tracks per CD and\neach track is over 30 minutes long allowing you to go very deep in\nmeditation.",
"\n\nThe\nsound technology on Infinite Sky took over 4 years to make and cost thousands of\ndollars in new sound equipment and research.",
"\n\nI spent\n9 months just \"fine tuning\" the sound technology so that I\nwas absolutely sure that these CDs could deliver the most blissful states\nof meditation ever.",
"\n\nAlmost every sound you hear\non Infinite Sky is awakening\nyou to your true nature of unconditional peace.",
"\n\nMost\nso called \"Meditation Sound technology\" available simply uses\nelectronic sounds called binaural beats to manipulate your brainwaves. ",
"I find such\ntechnology to be a hindrance to profound states of peace and meditation,\nnot helpful. ",
"Synthetic \"sound technology\" does not\nwork in awakening you into your natural state of peace.",
"\n\nThe\nInfinite Sky Enlightened Meditation Music simply emits the vibrations of\nspiritual enlightenment, washing you in the energetic of peace, allowing your brainwaves to slow down naturally as\nthey are supposed to in meditation. ",
"No electronic sounds to give you\na headache, only lush, natural, organic sounds that are turned into music.",
"\n\nMeditating\nWith These CDs Will Make Your Meditations at Least 11 Times More Effective\nThan Meditating on Your Own - Guaranteed\n\nSimply\nby playing these CDs while you meditate or do your spiritual practice,\nyour awareness will reach a whole new level bliss.",
"\n\nAnd\nalthough I call them meditation music, their benefits go far beyond\nmeditation.",
"\n\nPlay them throughout your day, to keep yourself in a constant state of peace.",
"\nThis means you can actually live in a state of unconditional peace\nsimply by playing the CDs.",
"\n\nYou can listen to them as you go to sleep at night or\neven quietly all night long. ",
"Not only could they cure insomnia, but\nyour sleep would turn into 8 hours of meditation!",
"\n\nTurn\na stressful \"errand day\" into a Zen meditation retreat! ",
"I\nalways listen to them while running errands, standing in line in a busy\npost office, grocery shopping. ",
"They make a HUGE difference.",
"\n\nIt's the difference of coming home with a headache feeling completely\ndrained to spending the whole day in a high state of bliss and radiating that bliss to everyone\nyou come in contact with.",
"\n\nDo you take public transportation? ",
"Put these CDs on your mp3 player\nand listen to them on busses, trains, taxis, airplanes and airports. ",
"You will find it surrounds you in your own blissful cocoon.",
"\nIt will make any place or situation feel like paradise.",
"\n\nBring\nthem to work and listen to them in your coffee break for a 5 minute rest\nand recharge. ",
"You will be amazed what a difference this could make\nin a long work day.",
"\n\nPlay\nthe Infinite Sky CD when you have visitors. ",
"It will make anyone feel peaceful without them even knowing it.",
"\n\nBoosts\nCreativity. ",
"If you are an artist, try playing the CDs while you\ncreate. ",
"Some very great artists and writers listen to the CDs while\nthey work.",
"\n\nUse them for Yoga or Tai Chi. ",
"If you teach yoga, meditation or Tai\nChi, play these CDs in your class. ",
"It can make everyone have an\nincredibly\nblissful experience. ",
"They'll want to come to every class you give!",
"\n\nHighly\nrecommended for massage, Reiki and other healing arts. ",
"I have a friend that plays them while doing\nbeauty therapy -waxes and facials. ",
"Her clients always tell her how\nincredibly relaxed they feel after having a session with her. ",
"And that's\nafter getting their hair yanked off their legs!",
"\n\nBring\nclarity to any dilemma. ",
"If you are ever unclear because of\nemotional or mental distress, sit down and listen to the CDs for a few\nminutes. ",
"It brings clarity to any situation.",
"\n\nUse\nthem in childbirth. ",
"Woman are writing in on how amazing the birth\nprocess was while listening to The Infinite Sky CDs. ",
"Furthermore,\nhow amazing would it be for the baby to come into this world enveloped in\na blanket of peace? ",
"Many also play the music all night long for\ntheir babies and children.",
"\n\nCan\nbe helpful in curing depression, anxiety, and stress.",
"\n\n\"Wanted to let you know\nI received the Infinite Sky CDs yesterday, and spent the whole day listening to them, even today !",
"\n\nI really don't know what to say...it is really magic! ... ",
"the shakti is very potent !",
"\n...this time it's beyond all descriptions,\n\nthe purity and love that radiates from the\nInfinite Sky CDs are god-like ! ",
"All the chakras are buzzing because of the intensity, blissful!",
"\n\nwonderful job and thank you again for all of this!\"",
"\n\n(Kevin\nSalmeron, France)\n\n\"Every time I play the music, my chakras vibrate.",
"\n\nWhat is it about your music that makes this happen???\"",
"\n\n(Alex Chao, NY USA)\n\nHave\na listen to one or more of the music samples below:\n\nDisc\n1\n\nTrack\n1: Infinite Love\n\nTrack\n2: Infinite Sky\n\nDisc\n2\n\nTrack\n1 : Lift Off\n\nTrack\n2: Infinite Peace\n\nDisc\n3\n\nTrack\n1 : Sankalpa\n\nTrack\n2: Night Sounds\n\nAlthough\nthe sound quality of these samples are not as good as the CD, you can\nstill feel that serenity. ",
"You can still feel something subtlety\nhappening even after a couple of minutes.",
"\n\nThe\nInfinite Sky Enlightened Meditation music simply awakens the natural state\nof unconditional peace that you are meant to experience in life. ",
"And\nyou can experience that any time you choose simply by listening to the\nmusic.",
"\n\nPlease\nread the experiences others are having with the Infinite Sky Shaktipat CDs:\n\n\"I\nLOVE Infinite Sky. ",
"When I sit in meditation with any of the disc's\n\nI\nAlmost Immediately Experience a Flow of Energy to My Third Eye and\nCrown. ",
"The Energy Is So Powerful That It Holds My Focus and When\nThoughts Come They Don't Detract from Meditation but Slowly Drop\nAway.",
"\n\nAfter a short while I become conscious of a subtle energy rising from the base of the spine to the crown. ",
"A slight ticklish sensation increases to periodic charges of energy that physically shake my body as they shoot up my spine to the crown.",
"\n\nGone Are Concerns\nabout Doing It Right and Other Worldly Problems.",
"\n\nI love it. ",
"Thanks\"\n\n(Will\nCunningham, NY, USA)\n\n\"After\nMeditating with The First CD I Felt Currents of Blissful Warmth\nRunning Up and Down My Body and A Profound Sense of Joy!",
"\n\nSame with CD 2. ",
"Now the third CD I woke up early in the morning and meditated with it,\nthen I went to sleep and had a very lucid dream. ",
"Images were very clear and full of joy.",
"\nI experienced an incredible depth of perception with richly colored events which was a challenge to my ego. ",
"The events allowed me an opportunity to let go of my fear and experience the wonder before me!",
"\n\"\n\n(Louis Delmar,\nPA, USA)\n\n\"Am really grateful for \"Infinite Sky\". ",
"Thank You.",
"\n\"The Calling\" has been at the top of my meditations soundtrack chart since I got it in 97. ",
"Had been hoping for an upgrade though.",
"\n\nInfinite Sky Is Definitely That. ",
"The Last Couple Weeks, My Meditations Have Really Shifted Into A New Dimension. ",
"To A Kind Of \"In Awe Of The Wonder\" Awareness.",
"\nDefinitely Blissful. ",
"Profoundly Peaceful.",
"\n\nNot\nthat listening to your CD is the only spiritual work I do. ",
"The\ncredit has to be shared around, but I think I can accurately\nreport that\n\n'Infinite Sky' Has Been A Key That Has Enabled Me To Open A Door To New Depths Of Awareness.\"",
"\n\n(Peter\nEverbright, Australia)\n\n\"I just\nreceived The Infinite Sky CD a couple of weeks ago, and all I can say\nis WOW!",
"\n\nI thought Ocean Euphoric was great and it is, but\nInfinite Sky at least for me takes it to a whole new level. ",
"I was also wondering if I could ask you some questions about some inner states that for the most part were\nsemi-dormant, but now that I am listening to Infinite Sky, seem to\nbe awakening.\"",
"\n\n(Dennis McLeskey,\nUSA)\n\n\"I\nlistened to the first CD today:) It is beyond the words. ",
"Thank you !!! ",
"Thank you !!! ",
"Thank you !!! ",
"I could not finish it all the way the energy was too intense.",
"\n\nI do not only listen to your music but I mostly feel it and I do love what I feel! ",
"I am really grateful that I came across your music. ",
"I think it is very important milestone on my path:)\"\n\n(Jitka\nSlamova, Czech Republic)\n\n\"I\njust received Infinite Sky today.",
"\n\nI\nWas Amazed At How Quickly I 'Went In'. \"",
"\n\n(Rose\nKaval, Ohio, USA)\n\n\"The\nExperiences and The Effect (of Infinite Sky) Are Incredible and Impossible to Describe.",
"\n\nDuring meditation the energy flows much easier and the sensations are so strong and blissful\nthat the mind cannot distract.\"",
"\n\n(Rosa\nVillegas, CA, USA)\n\n\"Amazingly\nPotent Music Kip... Basking in The Shakti. ",
"Thank You for Such an\nAmazing Gift\"\n\n(Nick\nSutcliffe, Australia)\n\n\"Yesterday evening my twin brother felt bad. ",
"So\nI just told him to relax and I had him listen to Infinite Sky. ",
"He immediately felt strange at first and in 2 minutes he was bathing in peace! ",
"he told me\n\n'Wow\nI really feel wonderful, I have never felt this way before\n!'",
"\n\nahah i had to fight to get my speakers and Ipod back !!!\"",
"\n\n(Kevin\nSalmeron, France)\n\n\"Just\nWanted You to Know I LOVE Infinite Sky -Beyond Words.\"",
"\n\n(John\nLenz, AZ, USA)\n\nSign\nUp & You Can Receive The Weekly Teaching On Meditation\n& Awareness For Free (a $47 value) That Will Directly Help You Deepen\nYour Experience Of Unconditional Peace\n\nThis\nis no ordinary meditation music. ",
"This is shaktipat on CD.",
"\nIf you listen to the CDs, something very special\nwill begin to happen within that will shine into all aspects of you\nlife. ",
"They are the only CDs I have in my CD player at home. ",
"I\nno longer see the point in listening to anything else. ",
"Because there\nis nothing else I have found on CD that is this nourishing, this\nsupportive of balance and awareness.",
"\n\nIf\nyou practice meditation, then these CDs will catapult you into wonderful\nexperiences of meditation and spiritual awakening. ",
"If you simply are looking for a\nlittle more peace in your life, just by playing these CDs your whole world\ncan be transformed into serenity. ",
"This healing energy will wash into\nall aspects of your life.",
"\n\nI\neven paid extra to have environmentally friendly CD packaging, using soy\nbased inks, recycled board and eco CD trays. ",
"That means you are\nsupporting sustainable\nforestry and reducing the carbon footprint.",
"\n\nSo\nif you value a tool that can awaken you into your natural state of\nunconditional peace, that will deepen your meditations 11 fold and even\nhelp lead you to spiritual awakening, then\n\nOrder\nNow, And You Can Have the\nInfinite Sky Shaktipat CDs at $100.00 off The Original Price\n\nThis\nE-book explains 5 different paths that lead to Spiritual Awakening\nincluding theories, techniques and personal experiences.",
"\n\nIt\nalso explains very clearly\n\n-What\nis meditation and how meditation takes you to freedom\n\n-What\nis awareness, witness consciousness and Savikalpa Samadhi\n\n-What\nis the main obstacle to enlightenment and how to overcome it.",
"\n\n-How\nto transcend the mind completely\n\n-How\nto instantly have an experience of nonduality\n\n-The\npath that can bypass all of the usual hurdles to enlightenment\n\n-How\nto break free of the intellect in order to directly realize\nconsciousness\n\n-What\nis Shaktipat and how does it work\n\nBonus\n#2 (Usually NZ$120 per hour, yours FREE)\n\nExpert\nOnline Consultation on Meditation Available Anytime\n\nHave\nany questions about meditation, awareness? ",
"Would you like to be\nfree from those problems that you struggle with on a day to day basis?",
"\n\nI\noffer free online guidance so you can find answers to problems that you\nmay have been struggling with for years whether it been in meditation or\nyour outer life. ",
"Simply send me an email\nwith your question and problem and you can usually get a response to\nyour questions within 24 hours.",
"\n\n*TRY\nIT RISK FREE FOR 100 DAYS!*",
"\n\nI\nknow without a doubt that if you listen to these CDs, you will\nexperience incredible peace. ",
"Everyone else has, why\nwouldn't you?",
"\n\nSo\nI will make it easy for you and remove all of the risk.",
"\n\nOrder\nThe Infinite Sky 3 CD set of Enlightened Meditation Music now\nand listen at least 15 minutes a day.",
"\n\nIf\nyou are not 100% satisfied it has brought you more peace, return\nthe CDs within 100 days andI\nwill refund your entire payment. ",
"You can even keep the\nfree bonuses.",
"\n\nYou\nwill receive:\n\n-The\nInfinite Sky 3 CD set of Meditation Music containing the latest\nBliss Music Shaktipat Meditation Sound Technology. (",
"Over 3 hours of\nmusic to choose from.)",
"\n\n-The\n5 Paths to Spiritual Awakening E-book\n\n-Free\nOnline Consultation\n\nAll\nfor only $97. ",
"$100 off the normal price if you order now. ",
"Don't expect this sale price to be this low for very\nlong.",
"\n\nPS:\nIf you are serious about meditation and attaining enlightenment then these CDs are a must,\n\nIn\nall honesty, if you are not already in an ashram sitting with an\nenlightened master then these CDs are the next best thing. ",
"Nothing\nelse out there will awaken you to the peace and bliss these CDs\ncan. ",
"Go read the testimonials again if you don't believe me."
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