text
stringlengths
1
6.76k
review_length
int64
0
1.42k
0
Background
7
0
In June 2004 aged 85 and amid failing health Mandela announced that he was retiring from retirement and retreating from public life remarking Don t call me I will call you Although continuing to meet with close friends and family the Foundation discouraged invitations for him to appear at public events and denied most interview requests
68
Sociologist Phil Zuckerman analyzed previous social science research on secularity and non belief and concluded that societal well being is positively correlated with irreligion He found that there are much lower concentrations of atheism and secularity in poorer less developed nations particularly in Africa and South America than in the richer industrialized democracies His findings relating specifically to atheism in the US were that compared to religious people in the US atheists and secular people are less nationalistic prejudiced antisemitic racist dogmatic ethnocentric closed minded and authoritarian and in US states with the highest percentages of atheists the murder rate is lower than average In the most religious states the murder rate is higher than average
140
0
In reviewing The Best of John Belushi when Saturday Night Live released the compilation to VHS in 1985 The New York Times critic Fred Ferretti highlighted Belushi s role as Captain James Kirk among the actor s memorable performances In his 1992 book unk Self referentiality in Contemporary American Popular Culture author Michael Dunne called the comedic bit one of SNL s most famous sketches The Los Angeles Times called the sketch one of the television program s most noteworthy of all time In a 1999 article reflecting on the 25th anniversary of Saturday Night Live Los Angeles Times journalist Susan Keller placed the Star Trek parody at number eight on a list of the program s top ten all time sketches
136
Isotopes
5
Beat Goes On is a song recorded by American singer songwriter Madonna for her eleventh studio album Hard Candy 2008 The song features American rapper Kanye West and background vocals by Pharrell Williams It was co written by West in collaboration with its producers Madonna and The Neptunes The song was leaked in August 2007 featuring only Williams and different lyrics than the album s version which was released a year later having additional vocals by West Beat Goes On is a disco song with hip hop influences featuring instrumentation from bells handclaps and whistles
116
In July 2004 Capitol Records released a remastered version of the album with four bonus tracks The remixed edition was a part of the band s reissued catalog during their tenure at Capitol Dave Mustaine himself was in charge during the remixing process In June 2006 two audiophile remasters of the album were released an Ultradisc II Gold CD version by the Mobile Fidelity Sound Lab and a 180 gram vinyl unk version both mixed by Mustaine A 20th anniversary edition was released on November 6 2012 This release features the original album on disc one omitting the bonus tracks from the 2004 re release Disc two features a recording of the band s performance at San Francisco s Cow Palace in 1992 a show never before released in its entirety Additionally a 24 x 36 poster and four collectible postcards are included in the package The liner notes have also been written by music journalist Kory Grow and the reissue includes a poster and four postcards featuring head shots of each member from the album s lineup
200
0
Avionics
1
To become governor of a state a candidate must be a citizen of the United States and must have been a resident of the state in which they are running for the period of five consecutive years before the election The candidate must also be at least 30 years old when sworn into office The governor may not hold any other state or federal office during his term and must resign from any such position before being eligible to be sworn in as governor Before taking the office the candidate must swear an oath of office administered by the Chief Justice of the Supreme Court of Indiana promising to uphold the Constitution and laws of the state
124
0
Adults
7
In 1976 it was suggested that the brolga sarus crane Grus antigone and white naped crane Grus unk formed a natural group on the basis of similarities in their calls This was further confirmed by molecular studies of their DNA These also showed that the brolga is more closely related to the white naped crane than it is to the morphologically more similar sarus crane
76
In Britain a number of small religious groups that came to be identified as the light movement had begun declaring the existence of a coming new age influenced strongly by the Theosophical ideas of Blavatsky and Bailey The most prominent of these groups was the Findhorn Foundation which founded the Findhorn Ecovillage in the Scottish area of Findhorn Moray in 1962 Although its founders were from an older generation Findhorn attracted increasing numbers of countercultural baby boomers during the 1960s to the extent that its population had grown sixfold to circa 120 residents by 1972 In October 1965 the founder of Findhorn Peter Caddy attended a meeting of various prominent figures within Britain s esoteric milieu titled The Significance of the Group in the New Age it was held at unk Park over the course of a weekend
156
American reconnaissance satellites first spotted the advanced Soviet Su 27 and MiG 29 fighter prototypes in 1978 which caused concern in the US Both Soviet models were expected to reduce the maneuverability advantage of contemporary US fighter aircraft In 1981 the USAF requested information from several aerospace companies on possible features for an Advanced Tactical Fighter ATF to replace the F 15 Eagle After discussions with aerospace companies the USAF made air to air combat the primary role for the ATF The ATF was to take advantage of emerging technologies including composite materials lightweight alloys advanced flight control systems more powerful propulsion systems and stealth technology In October 1985 the USAF issued a request for proposal RFP to several aircraft manufacturers The RFP was modified in May 1986 to include evaluation of prototype air vehicles from the two finalists At the same time the US Navy under the Navalized Advanced Tactical Fighter NATF program announced that it would use a derivative of the ATF winner to replace its F 14 Tomcat The NATF program called for procurement of 546 aircraft along with the USAF s planned procurement of 750 aircraft
223
Arisa manga
6
0
The Texas Chain Saw Massacre is considered one of the greatest and most controversial of horror films and a major influence on the genre In 1999 Richard Zoglin of Time commented that it had set a new standard for slasher films The Times listed it as one of the 50 most controversial films of all time Tony Magistrale believes the film paved the way for horror to be used as a vehicle for social commentary Describing it as cheap grubby and out of control Mark Olsen of the Los Angeles Times declared that it both defines and entirely supersedes the very notion of the exploitation picture In his book Dark Romance Sexuality in the Horror Film David Hogan called it the most affecting gore thriller of all and in a broader view among the most effective horror films ever made the driving force of The Texas Chainsaw Massacre is something far more horrible than aberrant sexuality total insanity According to Bill Nichols it achieves the force of authentic art profoundly disturbing intensely personal yet at the same time far more than personal Leonard Wolf praised the film as an exquisite work of art and compared it to a Greek tragedy noting the lack of onscreen violence
243
Al Ga Sc In Fe Cr Rh in perchloric acid solution the strength of interaction between the two cations follows the order Fe In Sc Ga Al The neptunyl and uranyl ions can also form a complex together
52
General design
8
The anime s first season focuses on Tenma Harima and Karasuma and Harima s relationships with other females including Sawachika and Yakumo Its second season involves more of the secondary cast The Extra Class OVAs are compiled from various first season storylines Both the Third Semester synopses and episodes return to the main cast The anime s structure has been compared to Azumanga Daioh with thematic influences from Full Metal Panic unk In places it makes deliberate use of unconventional nomenclature the title of episode 25 of season one is a set of pictograms while episode 26 s title has 187 characters in the Japanese original In season two the Japanese title for episode 26 consists of just a period
135
We had many long and intimate conversations He was full of ideas and plans for the future Although I was a good deal older you could choose when to do your service I was enormously impressed by him He was proud of his partial Jewish ancestry and as I recall must have exaggerated it somewhat I remember him saying A person like me who is both a Wallenberg and half Jewish can never be defeated
90
Because of his prominence in Worcester County Gill was appointed to the county s district court when it was reorganized after the revolution began In this role he sat on the panel that heard the preliminary cases in 1781 involving Quock Walker an African American seeking a declaration of his freedom Gill s panel decided in Walker s favor and the Massachusetts Supreme Judicial Court eventually confirmed the judgments on appeal declaring that slavery was incompatible with the state constitution
86
After joining the III Battle Squadron in December 1913 Kaiserin participated in the routine fleet training exercises Squadron exercises were conducted in February followed by fleet maneuvers both in the North Sea The fleet trained again in May in both the North and Baltic Seas Kaiserin left Germany on 7 July for the annual summer cruise to Norway but was recalled prematurely on 22 July because of rising international tensions following the assassination of Archduke Franz Ferdinand Upon returning to Germany Kaiserin steamed to Brunsbttel on 24 July where she was the first battleship to traverse the recently deepened Kaiser Wilhelm Canal The voyage required lightening and in just under twelve hours Kaiserin exited the locks at Holtenau in Kiel where she met the rest of her squadron On 31 July the entire squadron returned to the North Sea via the Canal At midnight on 4 August the United Kingdom with its powerful Grand Fleet declared war on Germany
179
0
In 1940 Julian was able to produce 100 lb of mixed soy sterols daily which had a value of 10 000 79 000 today as sex hormones Julian was soon unk 100 pounds daily of mixed sterol unk The soy stigmasterol was easily converted into commercial quantities of the female hormone progesterone and the first pound of progesterone he made valued at 63 500 503 000 today was shipped to the buyer Upjohn in an armored car Production of other sex hormones soon followed
106
The line received centralized traffic control in four phases from Trondheim to Stjrdal on 11 January 1976 to Levanger on 9 January 1977 to Steinkjer on 6 December 1977 and to Snsa on 23 November 1984 Bergsgrav Station was opened on 6 December 1977 In 1981 Di 4 locomotives were introduced The spur to yanmoen was taken out of use and removed in October 1982 NSB introduced Class 92 diesel multiple units in 1985 cutting travel time on local services between Steinkjer and Trondheim by 25 minutes In 1989 the station building at Sunnan was demolished In 1989 and 1990 five stations were closed consisting on Sandferhus Vold Vollan Vist and Sunnan
131
The easternmost stretch of US 60 in Oklahoma was revised in 1965 Previously US 60 passed directly through Seneca Missouri In 1965 the Oklahoma and Missouri Departments of Highways submitted a request to reroute US 60 to the south and to unk a portion of old US 60 serving Seneca as well as a segment of Missouri Route 43 connecting to the new US 60 as US 60 Business The remainder of the bypassed portion of US 60 in Missouri east of Route 43 was to be abandoned This request was approved by the Oklahoma Highway Commission on March 1 submitted to AASHO on May 5 and approved by AASHO on July 12
135
0
0
0
Robbers of the world having by their universal plunder exhausted the land they rifle the deep If the enemy be rich they are rapacious if he be poor they lust for dominion neither the east nor the west has been able to satisfy them Alone among men they covet with equal eagerness poverty and riches To robbery slaughter plunder they give the lying name of empire they make a solitude and call it peace
88
0
Page numbers are given in parentheses
7
0
Fifteenth Amendment to the United States Constitution
9
0
The first five Fire Emblem games were highly successful in Japan selling 329 087 324 699 776 338 498 216 and 106 108 copies respectively As of 2002 total sales had reached over two million copies Sales of the series went into a decline beginning with Radiant Dawn but Awakening topped the total sales of both Radiant Dawn and the Mystery of the Emblem remake in its first week It went on to sell 1 79 million copies worldwide and become the best selling Fire Emblem title in western territories
107
0
0
0
Cooling of relations and World War I 1885 1920
18
0
Jim O Heir as Jerry Gergich an incompetent and widely ridiculed employee at the parks department
18
0
The Arizona Republic would write that the McCain Bush primary contest in South Carolina has entered national political lore as a low water mark in presidential campaigns while The New York Times called it a painful symbol of the brutality of American politics A variety of interest groups that McCain had challenged in the past ran negative ads Bush borrowed McCain s earlier language of reform and declined to dissociate himself from a veterans activist who accused McCain in Bush s presence of having abandoned the veterans on POW MIA and Agent Orange issues
110
0
Geography
5
Gentlemen I know that you have been discussing whether or not we can still win this war All of you have fought on several fronts and some have come from the battlefields of Russia It should therefore be clear to you that there will be no victory for us But I will not tolerate such discussions Most of us are career officers When we joined no one guaranteed that we would win any war We fight not only when victory is guaranteed but we do our duty and fight where we are even if that means our inevitable doom To fight on without a chance of victory is not pointless because it serves to avert as much damage as possible to Germany Preventing the advance of Tito s communist oriented partisans to the north is part of this struggle
156
Death and legacy
7
0
0
0
Reception
5
unk his deposit because of failing to obtain 1 8 of the votes
15
Twinkle Khanna
4
Hellyeah
3
The elk is a large animal of the ungulate order Artiodactyla possessing an even number of toes on each foot similar to those of camels goats and cattle It is a ruminant species with a four chambered stomach and feeds on grasses plants leaves and bark During the summer elk eat almost constantly consuming between 4 and 7 kilograms 8 8 and 15 4 lb of vegetation daily In North America males are called bulls and females are called cows In Asia stag and hind respectively are sometimes used instead
114
0
Rarely a nonpenetrating keratoplasty known as an unk or unk may be performed in cases of keratoconus The corneal epithelium is removed and a unk of donor cornea is grafted on top of it The procedure requires a greater level of skill on the part of the surgeon and is less frequently performed than a penetrating keratoplasty as the outcome is generally less favorable However it may be seen as an option in a number of cases particularly for young people
92
Especially characteristic for S collinitus are the cap striations and pink mycelium The fungus in many aspects resembles S granulatus a common species in European pine forests S granulatus however has a homogenous brown cap without striations and its mycelium is characteristically white
50
Rainfall up to 5 in 127 mm in Massachusetts caused a river in Somerset to overflow its banks flooding nearby areas with 2 feet 0 6 m of water A large sinkhole formed on County Street and several cars were stranded in the floodwaters Two people had to be rescued by boat when their car was overcome by the floodwaters In addition numerous basements were flooded Damages in Bristol County were estimated at 25 000 A mobile home park in Plymouth County was inundated with 2 5 ft 0 7 m of water causing one home to shift off its foundation Damages to the homes were estimated at 50 000
133
0
Domestic
1
unk formula formula subject to formula i formula 0 and formula j formula
20
Bob Gruen photography
4
If the account of Gilli in the aftermath of Clontarf has been constructed for dramatic effect the passage may not be evidence of his floruit beyond this point in history In fact it is possible that he is identical to Gilla Ciarin mac Gln Iairn died 1014 a man who was amongst those slain at the battle The Annals of Ulster which records the latter s fall styles him unk Gall heir designate of the Foreigners revealing that Gilla Ciarin was indeed a prominent man Sitriuc is known to have had an elder brother named Gln Iairn a man who had reigned as King of Dublin until his death in 989 If Gilla Ciarin was a son of this king his apparent tender age at the time of his father s death could account for Sitriuc s accession to the kingship Furthermore the aforesaid title accorded to Gilla Ciarin appears to indicate that he was regarded as his uncle s royal heir If Gilli and Gilla Ciarin are indeed identical his pre eminent status in the Norse Gaelic world would help to explain his marital alliance with Sigurr
214
Description and construction
7
Phantasm and Joker Fight 6 01
11
The 2008 version was announced on August 28 2007 adding support for Windows Vista 64 bit New features include SONAR the Norton Identity Safe and Browser Defender SONAR monitors applications for malicious behavior The Identity Safe supersedes the information filtering function instead of blocking personal information from leaving the computer it stores personal information to fill unk It is password protected and checks a website s authenticity before filling any forms Browser Defender inspects and blocks suspicious API calls intended to stop drive by downloads The Network Map identifies networked computers with Norton Internet Security 2008 installed Remote monitoring allows checking the status of other installations on different computers problems are identified with a red X icon Using the feature users also can control network traffic between computers It also warns users if they are using an unencrypted wireless network The startup application manager and advertisement blocking features were dropped from this release Information filtering although superseded by the Identity Safe in the suite is available separately It can be used in conjunction with the Identity Safe
205
0
0
0
As of match played 17 July 2016
7
Also in the 2010s a metal style called djent developed as a spinoff of standard progressive metal unk music uses rhythmic and technical complexity heavily distorted palm muted guitar chords syncopated riffs and polyrhythms alongside virtuoso soloing Another typical characteristic is the use of extended range seven eight and nine string guitars unk bands include unk and Textures
72
Cave Junction has three schools Illinois Valley High School Lorna Byrne Middle School and Evergreen Elementary School These schools are part of the Three Rivers School District which also encompasses schools from Grants Pass and Applegate Oregon
44
Combat in Kingdom Hearts II is in real time and involves button presses which initiate attacks by the on screen character A role playing game menu on the screen s bottom left similar to those found in Final Fantasy games provides other combat options such as using magic or items summoning beings to assist in battle or executing combination attacks with other party members A new feature is the Reaction Command special enemy specific attacks that are triggered when the player presses the triangle button at the correct time during battle Reaction Commands can be used to defeat regular enemies or avoid damage and are sometimes necessary to complete a boss battle In addition to the main character two party members are usually present who also participate in combat Although these characters are computer controlled the player is allowed to customize their behavior to a certain extent through the menu screen such as attacking the same enemy Sora targets
181
Sport
5
0
0
Islamic community
8
Steamtown in Vermont
9
Alan Woodhouse from NME was unfavorable in his review about the compilation reckoning Madonna s career as two distinct phases them being her 80s output and her later career or unk two summarising by saying that Madonna clearly thinks this collection represents a celebration of her longevity in reality all it does it expose her more recent failings though Woodhouse also called it unfair to say Madge hasn t touched magic since 1990 before naming Hung Up and Ray of Light Douglas Wolk from Pitchfork Media reviewed the album in the same light also comparing her early work with the later days stating that Hung Up is really the only song from the post GHV2 period that s lodged in the American pop consciousness concluding with saying that deserves a retrospective more interesting than this haphazard piece of contract filling product though being positive about the opening sequence calling that incredibly strong a convincing argument for her genius
203
0
Rounds contains ten instrumental tracks with a total running time of 45 minutes which Colin Joyce of Spin called a folktronica tapestry Sound on Sound writer Sam Inglis said that the album was a blend of fragile acoustic fragments brutal beats and glitchy electronica The Age described it as electronic music that sounds deceptively organic Guardian critic David Peschek who noted the influence of hip hop R B and folk music wrote that Rounds invents its own dizzying unlikely genres John Bush of AllMusic found the album contained elements of electronic and experimental music combined with a dreamy melodicism sure to endear it to indie pop fans Dusted critic Michael unk noticed the influence of folk and jazz writing that Hebden had taken his earlier nods to other specific genres and turned them into something wholly his own PopMatters Adrien Begrand noted how Hebden shifts the focus from hip hop beats jazz influences and far reaching sonic adventurousness to a more spare focused sound that contributed to Rounds original sound Nick Southall in his review for Stylus magazine stated that it is more of the same but the same for Four Tet is perpetual evolution and motion
243
Simpsons Roasting on an Open Fire is the first episode of The Simpsons and the Fox network was nervous about the show because they were unsure if it could sustain the audience s attention for the duration of the episode They proposed doing three seven minute shorts per episode and four specials until the audience adjusted but in the end the producers gambled by asking Fox for 13 full length episodes The series was originally planned to premiere earlier in the fall of 1989 with the episode Some Enchanted Evening but due to major problems with the animation of that episode the series began on December 17 with this episode Some Enchanted Evening instead aired as the season finale The episode being the first to air lacked the opening sequence which was later added in the second episode Bart the Genius when Groening realized that a longer opening sequence resulted in less animation
176
Intertextuality
7
0
0
Background
5
The modern format for the World Championship features a minimum of 40 teams 16 teams in the main championship group 12 teams in Division I and 12 teams in Division II If there are more than 40 teams the rest compete in Division III
49
0
2001 AFI s 100 Years 100 Thrills 40
12
The building phase started on September 22 1966 on the interchange that was to replace the intersection of Pacific Highway and Rosecrans Street The cost of the interchange was projected to be 10 86 million about 140 million in 2015 dollars SR 109 was planned to follow Camino del Rio up to the Frontier traffic circle where the city of San Diego would resume construction both SR 109 and SR 209 were to be built in the future The eight lane freeway was projected to relieve traffic in the Frontier Street area coming from the San Diego Sports Arena Bidding for the SR 109 contract was to begin in 1968 after the City Council endorsed the route in December 1967 Completion of both the interchange and SR 109 was planned for early 1969 An interchange was planned at Midway Drive and the western end of the freeway was to be at Sunset Cliffs and Nimitz boulevards The cost of the SR 109 project was estimated to be 2 3 million about 27 million in 2015 dollars
201
0
In May 1861 Melvin served as a delegate to the First Wheeling Convention At the start of the American Civil War Melvin enlisted as a private in Company F of the 1st West Virginia Volunteer Infantry Regiment of the Union Army In August of that year he organized a company of men in Hancock County Melvin was later commissioned as Adjutant general of Volunteers on the staff of Brigadier General Benjamin Franklin Kelley in the Department of West Virginia On February 21 1865 Melvin was captured in Cumberland Maryland along with General Kelley and Major General George Crook by the Confederate partisans McNeill s Rangers Melvin Kelley and Crook were taken to Richmond where they were exchanged for Confederate general Isaac R Trimble
140
Despite its unfinished state Catherine often visited the palace She held banquets and festivities there and loved to walk in the gardens According to the French military leader Marshal unk it was in the Tuileries gardens that she planned the St Bartholomew s Day massacre in which thousands of Huguenots were butchered in Paris The gardens had been laid out before work on the palace halted They included canals fountains and a grotto decorated with glazed animals by the potter Bernard unk In 1573 Catherine hosted the famous entertainment at the Tuileries that is depicted on the Valois tapestries This was a grand ball for the Polish envoys who had come to offer the crown of Poland to her son the duke of Anjou later Henry III of France Henry IV later added to the Tuileries but Louis XVI was to dismantle sections of the palace The unk set fire to the remainder in 1871 Twelve years later the ruins were demolished and then sold off
186