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instruction stringlengths 12 1.51k	context stringlengths 0 20.8k	response stringlengths 3 5.99k	category stringclasses 8 values	text stringlengths 55 21.6k
Which TV Show is about a zip code in Beverly Hills?		90210	open_qa	<s>[INST] Which TV Show is about a zip code in Beverly Hills? [/INST] 90210 </s>
What is a Roth 401(k)?	In the United States, a 401(k) plan is an employer-sponsored, defined-contribution, personal pension (savings) account, as defined in subsection 401(k) of the U.S. Internal Revenue Code. Periodical employee contributions come directly out of their paychecks, and may be matched by the employer. This legal option is what makes 401(k) plans attractive to employees, and many employers offer this option to their (full-time) workers. There are two types: traditional and Roth 401(k). For Roth accounts, contributions and withdrawals have no impact on income tax. For traditional accounts, contributions may be deducted from taxable income and withdrawals are added to taxable income. There are limits to contributions, rules governing withdrawals and possible penalties. The benefit of the Roth account is from tax-free capital gains. The net benefit of the traditional account is the sum of (1) a possible bonus (or penalty) from withdrawals at tax rates lower (or higher) than at contribution, and (2) the impact on qualification for other income-tested programs from contributions and withdrawals reducing and adding to taxable income, minus the consequences of capital gains being taxed at regular income rates.	Roth 401(k) is a type of 401(k) where accounts, contributions, and withdrawals have no impact on income tax. The benefit of the Roth account is that the capital gains are tax-free. In the United States, a 401(k) plan is an employer-sponsored, defined-contribution, personal pension (savings) account, as defined in subsection 401(k) of the U.S. Internal Revenue Code. Periodical employee contributions come directly out of their paychecks and may be matched by the employer.	closed_qa	<s>[INST] What is a Roth 401(k)? [CONTEXT] In the United States, a 401(k) plan is an employer-sponsored, defined-contribution, personal pension (savings) account, as defined in subsection 401(k) of the U.S. Internal Revenue Code. Periodical employee contributions come directly out of their paychecks, and may be matched by the employer. This legal option is what makes 401(k) plans attractive to employees, and many employers offer this option to their (full-time) workers. There are two types: traditional and Roth 401(k). For Roth accounts, contributions and withdrawals have no impact on income tax. For traditional accounts, contributions may be deducted from taxable income and withdrawals are added to taxable income. There are limits to contributions, rules governing withdrawals and possible penalties. The benefit of the Roth account is from tax-free capital gains. The net benefit of the traditional account is the sum of (1) a possible bonus (or penalty) from withdrawals at tax rates lower (or higher) than at contribution, and (2) the impact on qualification for other income-tested programs from contributions and withdrawals reducing and adding to taxable income, minus the consequences of capital gains being taxed at regular income rates. [/INST] Roth 401(k) is a type of 401(k) where accounts, contributions, and withdrawals have no impact on income tax. The benefit of the Roth account is that the capital gains are tax-free. In the United States, a 401(k) plan is an employer-sponsored, defined-contribution, personal pension (savings) account, as defined in subsection 401(k) of the U.S. Internal Revenue Code. Periodical employee contributions come directly out of their paychecks and may be matched by the employer. </s>
Different uses for glass		There are many but here are just a few. -Bulbs -Vases -Windows -Drinking glass -Screens -Plates -Candles holder -Water Bottles -table top -French Door Glass -Slippers (if you are a cinderella fan) -Ash tray -coasters -Cooking pots	brainstorming	<s>[INST] Different uses for glass [/INST] There are many but here are just a few. -Bulbs -Vases -Windows -Drinking glass -Screens -Plates -Candles holder -Water Bottles -table top -French Door Glass -Slippers (if you are a cinderella fan) -Ash tray -coasters -Cooking pots </s>
How did Uzunkum become a lovely sandy-beach park in Turkey?	Uzunkum Nature Park (Turkish: Uzunkum Tabiat Parkı) is a nature park declared coastal area in Kocaeli Province, northwestern Turkey. Uzunkum, literally long sandy beach, is located at Black Sea east of Cebeci village in Kandıra district of Kocaeli Province. The area was declared a nature park by the Ministry of Environment and Forest in 2014. The nature park consists of the parts, the sandy beach in the north and forested hillside. It covers an area of 235 ha (580 acres).	Uzunkum was designated as a nature park in 2014 by Turkey's Ministry of Environment and Forest.	information_extraction	<s>[INST] How did Uzunkum become a lovely sandy-beach park in Turkey? [CONTEXT] Uzunkum Nature Park (Turkish: Uzunkum Tabiat Parkı) is a nature park declared coastal area in Kocaeli Province, northwestern Turkey. Uzunkum, literally long sandy beach, is located at Black Sea east of Cebeci village in Kandıra district of Kocaeli Province. The area was declared a nature park by the Ministry of Environment and Forest in 2014. The nature park consists of the parts, the sandy beach in the north and forested hillside. It covers an area of 235 ha (580 acres). [/INST] Uzunkum was designated as a nature park in 2014 by Turkey's Ministry of Environment and Forest. </s>
Why isn't multi-threading making my Python code faster? How can I fix it.		Python restricts access to the interpreter with a Global Interpreter Lock, referred to as the GIL, for internal thread-safety requirements. Unfortunately, this design decision restricts only allows one thread to interpret Python code at a time, even on a machine with the capability to run multiple threads together. If you wish to run Python code on a set of data, and the data can be broken up into independent segments (a process known as data partitioning), you may wish to look into the multiprocessing library in Python. As an example, consider the function foo which takes one argument, arg1, and say you wanted to run the foo function on a number of values, say, val1, val2, and val3. def foo(arg1): # do something if __name__ == '__main__': foo(val1) foo(val2) foo(val3) To have foo execute on multiple processes together, you could use the multiprocessing Pool to run multiple worker processes together: from multiprocessing import Pool def foo(arg1): # do something if __name__ == '__main__': p = Pool() p.map(foo, [val1, val2, val3]) The multiprocessing library also provides various other APIs for parallel programming. Would you like to know more?	general_qa	<s>[INST] Why isn't multi-threading making my Python code faster? How can I fix it. [/INST] Python restricts access to the interpreter with a Global Interpreter Lock, referred to as the GIL, for internal thread-safety requirements. Unfortunately, this design decision restricts only allows one thread to interpret Python code at a time, even on a machine with the capability to run multiple threads together. If you wish to run Python code on a set of data, and the data can be broken up into independent segments (a process known as data partitioning), you may wish to look into the multiprocessing library in Python. As an example, consider the function foo which takes one argument, arg1, and say you wanted to run the foo function on a number of values, say, val1, val2, and val3. def foo(arg1): # do something if __name__ == '__main__': foo(val1) foo(val2) foo(val3) To have foo execute on multiple processes together, you could use the multiprocessing Pool to run multiple worker processes together: from multiprocessing import Pool def foo(arg1): # do something if __name__ == '__main__': p = Pool() p.map(foo, [val1, val2, val3]) The multiprocessing library also provides various other APIs for parallel programming. Would you like to know more? </s>
Given the following passage about Theodore Roosevelt, please list the main accomplishments during his presidency.	Roosevelt assumed the presidency at age 42, and remains the youngest person to become president of the United States. As a leader of the progressive movement he championed his "Square Deal" domestic policies. It called for fairness for all citizens, breaking of bad trusts, regulation of railroads, and pure food and drugs. Roosevelt prioritized conservation and established national parks, forests, and monuments to preserve the nation's natural resources. In foreign policy, he focused on Central America, where he began construction of the Panama Canal. Roosevelt expanded the Navy and sent the Great White Fleet on a world tour to project American naval power. His successful efforts to broker the end of the Russo-Japanese War won him the 1906 Nobel Peace Prize, making him the first American to ever win a Nobel Prize. Roosevelt was elected to a full term in 1904 and promoted policies more to the left, despite growing opposition from Republican leaders. During his presidency, he groomed his close ally William Howard Taft to succeed him in the 1908 presidential election.	1) Championed the breaking of bad trusts, railroad regulation, and pure food and drugs 2) Established national parks, forests, and monuments 3) Began construction of the Panama Canal 4) Expanded the navy 5) Brokered the peace treaty of the Russo-Japanese war	summarization	<s>[INST] Given the following passage about Theodore Roosevelt, please list the main accomplishments during his presidency. [CONTEXT] Roosevelt assumed the presidency at age 42, and remains the youngest person to become president of the United States. As a leader of the progressive movement he championed his "Square Deal" domestic policies. It called for fairness for all citizens, breaking of bad trusts, regulation of railroads, and pure food and drugs. Roosevelt prioritized conservation and established national parks, forests, and monuments to preserve the nation's natural resources. In foreign policy, he focused on Central America, where he began construction of the Panama Canal. Roosevelt expanded the Navy and sent the Great White Fleet on a world tour to project American naval power. His successful efforts to broker the end of the Russo-Japanese War won him the 1906 Nobel Peace Prize, making him the first American to ever win a Nobel Prize. Roosevelt was elected to a full term in 1904 and promoted policies more to the left, despite growing opposition from Republican leaders. During his presidency, he groomed his close ally William Howard Taft to succeed him in the 1908 presidential election. [/INST] 1) Championed the breaking of bad trusts, railroad regulation, and pure food and drugs 2) Established national parks, forests, and monuments 3) Began construction of the Panama Canal 4) Expanded the navy 5) Brokered the peace treaty of the Russo-Japanese war </s>
Given a reference tax about a footballer, tell me when they were born, what is their nationalities and which years they won the FIFA World cup.	Lionel Andrés Messi[note 1] (Spanish pronunciation: [ljoˈnel anˈdɾes ˈmesi] (listen); born 24 June 1987), also known as Leo Messi, is an Argentine professional footballer who plays as a forward for Ligue 1 club Paris Saint-Germain and captains the Argentina national team. Widely regarded as one of the greatest players of all time, Messi has won a record seven Ballon d'Or awards[note 2] and a record six European Golden Shoes, and in 2020 he was named to the Ballon d'Or Dream Team. Until leaving the club in 2021, he had spent his entire professional career with Barcelona, where he won a club-record 34 trophies, including 10 La Liga titles, seven Copa del Rey titles and four UEFA Champions Leagues. With his country, he won the 2021 Copa América and the 2022 FIFA World Cup. A prolific goalscorer and creative playmaker, Messi holds the records for most goals in La Liga (474), most hat-tricks in La Liga (36) and the UEFA Champions League (eight), and most assists in La Liga (192) and the Copa América (17). He also has the most international goals by a South American male (102). Messi has scored over 800 senior career goals for club and country, and has the most goals by a player for a single club (672).	Lionel Andrés Messi, also known as Leo Messi, was born 24 June 1987. He is an Argentine professional footballer. In 2022, He won 2022 FIFA World Cup with his country.	closed_qa	<s>[INST] Given a reference tax about a footballer, tell me when they were born, what is their nationalities and which years they won the FIFA World cup. [CONTEXT] Lionel Andrés Messi[note 1] (Spanish pronunciation: [ljoˈnel anˈdɾes ˈmesi] (listen); born 24 June 1987), also known as Leo Messi, is an Argentine professional footballer who plays as a forward for Ligue 1 club Paris Saint-Germain and captains the Argentina national team. Widely regarded as one of the greatest players of all time, Messi has won a record seven Ballon d'Or awards[note 2] and a record six European Golden Shoes, and in 2020 he was named to the Ballon d'Or Dream Team. Until leaving the club in 2021, he had spent his entire professional career with Barcelona, where he won a club-record 34 trophies, including 10 La Liga titles, seven Copa del Rey titles and four UEFA Champions Leagues. With his country, he won the 2021 Copa América and the 2022 FIFA World Cup. A prolific goalscorer and creative playmaker, Messi holds the records for most goals in La Liga (474), most hat-tricks in La Liga (36) and the UEFA Champions League (eight), and most assists in La Liga (192) and the Copa América (17). He also has the most international goals by a South American male (102). Messi has scored over 800 senior career goals for club and country, and has the most goals by a player for a single club (672). [/INST] Lionel Andrés Messi, also known as Leo Messi, was born 24 June 1987. He is an Argentine professional footballer. In 2022, He won 2022 FIFA World Cup with his country. </s>
What is the difference between a sitar and a tanpura?		Both the sitar and tanpura are string music instruments. The sitar has frets and is used for composing and playing complete melodies. Sitar players are like guitar players who perform solo or as part of an ensemble band. The tanpura on the other hand does not have any frets and is only an accompanying instrument. Its strings provide a continued background rhythm to a music performance. While the tanpura alone cannot be used for composing a melody, a music performance is incomplete without a tanpura.	open_qa	<s>[INST] What is the difference between a sitar and a tanpura? [/INST] Both the sitar and tanpura are string music instruments. The sitar has frets and is used for composing and playing complete melodies. Sitar players are like guitar players who perform solo or as part of an ensemble band. The tanpura on the other hand does not have any frets and is only an accompanying instrument. Its strings provide a continued background rhythm to a music performance. While the tanpura alone cannot be used for composing a melody, a music performance is incomplete without a tanpura. </s>
Write an essay describing why baseball should be considered America's pastime.		Baseball is the oldest professional sport in America. It began in the late 1800s. The sport dates back to to the civil war era, which is where it started to become known as America's pastime. It coincides with a plethora of historical and cultural aspects of life in America. While the game has a vast amount of historical significance, it also seems to reflect changes that occur in our society. For example, over the past several decades we have seen a huge influx in players from all over the globe, with greater representation from countries like Dominican Republic, Venezuela, Puerto Rico, Japan and many others. America has always been considered a land of opportunity and this is evident with baseball. The MLB is the most prestigious league when it comes to baseball and is dream destination for any player. If you are good enough, you are sometime given the opportunity to play here. Recently we have seen a huge increase in the international representation of players in the league. As times have changed and the world has become more global, we also see this transpire in baseball. Baseball is America's pastime because it is a preservation of historical values, but also adapts and reflects current cultural values, which always keeps it relevant.	creative_writing	<s>[INST] Write an essay describing why baseball should be considered America's pastime. [/INST] Baseball is the oldest professional sport in America. It began in the late 1800s. The sport dates back to to the civil war era, which is where it started to become known as America's pastime. It coincides with a plethora of historical and cultural aspects of life in America. While the game has a vast amount of historical significance, it also seems to reflect changes that occur in our society. For example, over the past several decades we have seen a huge influx in players from all over the globe, with greater representation from countries like Dominican Republic, Venezuela, Puerto Rico, Japan and many others. America has always been considered a land of opportunity and this is evident with baseball. The MLB is the most prestigious league when it comes to baseball and is dream destination for any player. If you are good enough, you are sometime given the opportunity to play here. Recently we have seen a huge increase in the international representation of players in the league. As times have changed and the world has become more global, we also see this transpire in baseball. Baseball is America's pastime because it is a preservation of historical values, but also adapts and reflects current cultural values, which always keeps it relevant. </s>
which weighs more, cold or hot water?		Cold water weighs more than hot water	open_qa	<s>[INST] which weighs more, cold or hot water? [/INST] Cold water weighs more than hot water </s>
Why was the movie The Happytime Murders given such bad reviews if it was award winning?	The Happytime Murders was released on August 24, 2018, by STXfilms. It received mostly negative reviews from critics for its humor, performances and story, though the puppetry received praise. The film was a box-office bomb, grossing $27.5 million worldwide against a $40–47 million budget. The film received six nominations at the 39th Golden Raspberry Awards, including Worst Picture, and Worst Actress for McCarthy who won that award.	The Golden Raspberry Awards, also known as the Razzies, is a parody award show. They celebrate the failures in cinema. Their tagline is "Own Your Bad" and often celebrities that are nominated for a Razzie take it in jest. Sometimes the roles or categories a movie is nominated in the Razzies are also nominated for Oscars or other acclaimed awards. The Happytime Murders film, however, was only nominated for parody awards such as the Razzies.	closed_qa	<s>[INST] Why was the movie The Happytime Murders given such bad reviews if it was award winning? [CONTEXT] The Happytime Murders was released on August 24, 2018, by STXfilms. It received mostly negative reviews from critics for its humor, performances and story, though the puppetry received praise. The film was a box-office bomb, grossing $27.5 million worldwide against a $40–47 million budget. The film received six nominations at the 39th Golden Raspberry Awards, including Worst Picture, and Worst Actress for McCarthy who won that award. [/INST] The Golden Raspberry Awards, also known as the Razzies, is a parody award show. They celebrate the failures in cinema. Their tagline is "Own Your Bad" and often celebrities that are nominated for a Razzie take it in jest. Sometimes the roles or categories a movie is nominated in the Razzies are also nominated for Oscars or other acclaimed awards. The Happytime Murders film, however, was only nominated for parody awards such as the Razzies. </s>
Identify which instrument is string or percussion: Davul, Begena		Begena is string, Davul is percission.	classification	<s>[INST] Identify which instrument is string or percussion: Davul, Begena [/INST] Begena is string, Davul is percission. </s>
What is the difference between a corporate venture function and institutional venture firm?		A corporate venture function, commonly known as a CVC, is typically a team within an operating entity that is focused on venture investing on behalf of its parent company. Investments completed by a corporate venture function is usually related to the industry the parent company operates in and investment goals are strategic in additional to being financial. An institutional venture firm is a standalone company whose operations is solely focused on investments and the focus is on financial returns.	general_qa	<s>[INST] What is the difference between a corporate venture function and institutional venture firm? [/INST] A corporate venture function, commonly known as a CVC, is typically a team within an operating entity that is focused on venture investing on behalf of its parent company. Investments completed by a corporate venture function is usually related to the industry the parent company operates in and investment goals are strategic in additional to being financial. An institutional venture firm is a standalone company whose operations is solely focused on investments and the focus is on financial returns. </s>
What is the best food place in Bangalore?		You can always try out Kritunga Briyani if you love eating spicy food, else you are looking for a bear place try Iron Hill or Toit.	open_qa	<s>[INST] What is the best food place in Bangalore? [/INST] You can always try out Kritunga Briyani if you love eating spicy food, else you are looking for a bear place try Iron Hill or Toit. </s>
Tell me whether these are a solid, liquid, or gas		book, oxygen, water, juice, coffee, nitrogen, mug, glasses, metal	classification	<s>[INST] Tell me whether these are a solid, liquid, or gas [/INST] book, oxygen, water, juice, coffee, nitrogen, mug, glasses, metal </s>
What is Lisp?		Lisp is a family of programming languages with a long history and a distinctive, fully parenthesized prefix notation. Originally specified in 1960, Lisp is the second-oldest high-level programming language still in common use, after Fortran.	open_qa	<s>[INST] What is Lisp? [/INST] Lisp is a family of programming languages with a long history and a distinctive, fully parenthesized prefix notation. Originally specified in 1960, Lisp is the second-oldest high-level programming language still in common use, after Fortran. </s>
In the summary below of episode 158 of the series Black Clover, how did the Spade army lose?	Ralph continues trying to cross the border. The Spade army begins crossing the border in a mechanized citadel called Candelo powered by siphoning magic from Spade commoners. Asta, who has grown even stronger and can now fly astride his demon slayer sword, flies to Candelo where he is enraged to see Spade Knights siphoning prisoners to death. Asta confronts Candelo’s commander who reveals he is also the vessel for a devil. He poisons Asta with poison magic but Asta easily absorbs the poison into the demon destroyer sword and furiously cuts the citadel in half, defeating the captain in a single blow. The Bulls arrive and Mimosa helps the prisoners recover. Noelle reveals Luck and Leopold were sent to destroy the Spade base near to the prisoner’s village. Realising they get to return home safely the prisoners reveal the Spade kingdom is ruled by the Dark Triad, each possessed by a powerful devil, and their followers the Dark Disciples who draw demonic power from the Triad. The Triad, siblings Dante, Vanica and Zenon Zogratis, consider the loss of Candelo trivial when they are close to their goal for which they only need capture two Arcane Stage mages. Ralph finally crosses the border and collapses by Hage Church where Sister Lily finds him calling out for “Prince Yuno”.	Asta countered the Spade Kingdom's commandor's poison attack with the demon destroyer sword, then cut the attacking citadel in half, defeating the captain in a single blow.	closed_qa	<s>[INST] In the summary below of episode 158 of the series Black Clover, how did the Spade army lose? [CONTEXT] Ralph continues trying to cross the border. The Spade army begins crossing the border in a mechanized citadel called Candelo powered by siphoning magic from Spade commoners. Asta, who has grown even stronger and can now fly astride his demon slayer sword, flies to Candelo where he is enraged to see Spade Knights siphoning prisoners to death. Asta confronts Candelo’s commander who reveals he is also the vessel for a devil. He poisons Asta with poison magic but Asta easily absorbs the poison into the demon destroyer sword and furiously cuts the citadel in half, defeating the captain in a single blow. The Bulls arrive and Mimosa helps the prisoners recover. Noelle reveals Luck and Leopold were sent to destroy the Spade base near to the prisoner’s village. Realising they get to return home safely the prisoners reveal the Spade kingdom is ruled by the Dark Triad, each possessed by a powerful devil, and their followers the Dark Disciples who draw demonic power from the Triad. The Triad, siblings Dante, Vanica and Zenon Zogratis, consider the loss of Candelo trivial when they are close to their goal for which they only need capture two Arcane Stage mages. Ralph finally crosses the border and collapses by Hage Church where Sister Lily finds him calling out for “Prince Yuno”. [/INST] Asta countered the Spade Kingdom's commandor's poison attack with the demon destroyer sword, then cut the attacking citadel in half, defeating the captain in a single blow. </s>
From the passage provided, extract the names and published work of the early economists. Identify the name and then the published work separated with a dash. Separate the name and published works pairs with a semi-colon.	At the dawn as a social science, economics was defined and discussed at length as the study of production, distribution, and consumption of wealth by Jean-Baptiste Say in his Treatise on Political Economy or, The Production, Distribution, and Consumption of Wealth (1803). These three items are considered by the science only in relation to the increase or diminution of wealth, and not in reference to their processes of execution. Say's definition has prevailed up to our time, saved by substituting the word "wealth" for "goods and services" meaning that wealth may include non-material objects as well. One hundred and thirty years later, Lionel Robbins noticed that this definition no longer sufficed, because many economists were making theoretical and philosophical inroads in other areas of human activity. In his Essay on the Nature and Significance of Economic Science, he proposed a definition of economics as a study of a particular aspect of human behaviour, the one that falls under the influence of scarcity, which forces people to choose, allocate scarce resources to competing ends, and economize (seeking the greatest welfare while avoiding the wasting of scarce resources). For Robbins, the insufficiency was solved, and his definition allows us to proclaim, with an easy conscience, education economics, safety and security economics, health economics, war economics, and of course, production, distribution and consumption economics as valid subjects of the economic science." Citing Robbins: "Economics is the science which studies human behavior as a relationship between ends and scarce means which have alternative uses". After discussing it for decades, Robbins' definition became widely accepted by mainstream economists, and it has opened way into current textbooks. Although far from unanimous, most mainstream economists would accept some version of Robbins' definition, even though many have raised serious objections to the scope and method of economics, emanating from that definition. Due to the lack of strong consensus, and that production, distribution and consumption of goods and services is the prime area of study of economics, the old definition still stands in many quarters.	Jean-Baptiste Say - Treatise on Political Economy or, The Production, Distribution, and Consumption of Wealth; Lionel Robbins - Essay on the Nature and Significance of Economic Science	information_extraction	<s>[INST] From the passage provided, extract the names and published work of the early economists. Identify the name and then the published work separated with a dash. Separate the name and published works pairs with a semi-colon. [CONTEXT] At the dawn as a social science, economics was defined and discussed at length as the study of production, distribution, and consumption of wealth by Jean-Baptiste Say in his Treatise on Political Economy or, The Production, Distribution, and Consumption of Wealth (1803). These three items are considered by the science only in relation to the increase or diminution of wealth, and not in reference to their processes of execution. Say's definition has prevailed up to our time, saved by substituting the word "wealth" for "goods and services" meaning that wealth may include non-material objects as well. One hundred and thirty years later, Lionel Robbins noticed that this definition no longer sufficed, because many economists were making theoretical and philosophical inroads in other areas of human activity. In his Essay on the Nature and Significance of Economic Science, he proposed a definition of economics as a study of a particular aspect of human behaviour, the one that falls under the influence of scarcity, which forces people to choose, allocate scarce resources to competing ends, and economize (seeking the greatest welfare while avoiding the wasting of scarce resources). For Robbins, the insufficiency was solved, and his definition allows us to proclaim, with an easy conscience, education economics, safety and security economics, health economics, war economics, and of course, production, distribution and consumption economics as valid subjects of the economic science." Citing Robbins: "Economics is the science which studies human behavior as a relationship between ends and scarce means which have alternative uses". After discussing it for decades, Robbins' definition became widely accepted by mainstream economists, and it has opened way into current textbooks. Although far from unanimous, most mainstream economists would accept some version of Robbins' definition, even though many have raised serious objections to the scope and method of economics, emanating from that definition. Due to the lack of strong consensus, and that production, distribution and consumption of goods and services is the prime area of study of economics, the old definition still stands in many quarters. [/INST] Jean-Baptiste Say - Treatise on Political Economy or, The Production, Distribution, and Consumption of Wealth; Lionel Robbins - Essay on the Nature and Significance of Economic Science </s>
Extract the architectural details with respect to the Our Lady of the Rosary Cathedral in Colombia. Separate key items with a new line that begins with a hyphen.	The Our Lady of the Rosary Cathedral (Spanish: Catedral de Nuestra Señora del Rosario) Also Girardota Cathedral is a cathedral of the Catholic church under the invocation of the Virgin of the Rosary. It is a Neo-Romanesque style building, built in solid brick in sight, took 32 years to build and was designed by the French architect Charles Émile Carré (1863-1909), better known as Carlos Carré. The cathedral is located on the eastern side of the main park of the municipality of Girardota, north of the Aburrá Valley, (Antioquia) in the South American country of Colombia. At first, the building began as a parochial church and in 1988 was elevated to the rank of cathedral, when Pope John Paul II by the Bull "Qui Peculiari" created the Diocese of Girardota establishing this municipality as the head of the new bishopric. In addition, the cathedral is one of the main pilgrimage sites of the Valley of Aburrá, inside it is the image of the Fallen Lord of Girardota. He is credited with "hundreds of miracles" and pilgrims travel there to keep their promises.	The Our Lady of the Rosary Cathedral is an architectural wonder. Here are a few reasons why: - It was designed by Charles Émile Carré, born in 1863 and passed away in 1909. - Its architectural style is Neo-Romanesque. - It took over 32 years to build. - It's built of solid brick.	information_extraction	<s>[INST] Extract the architectural details with respect to the Our Lady of the Rosary Cathedral in Colombia. Separate key items with a new line that begins with a hyphen. [CONTEXT] The Our Lady of the Rosary Cathedral (Spanish: Catedral de Nuestra Señora del Rosario) Also Girardota Cathedral is a cathedral of the Catholic church under the invocation of the Virgin of the Rosary. It is a Neo-Romanesque style building, built in solid brick in sight, took 32 years to build and was designed by the French architect Charles Émile Carré (1863-1909), better known as Carlos Carré. The cathedral is located on the eastern side of the main park of the municipality of Girardota, north of the Aburrá Valley, (Antioquia) in the South American country of Colombia. At first, the building began as a parochial church and in 1988 was elevated to the rank of cathedral, when Pope John Paul II by the Bull "Qui Peculiari" created the Diocese of Girardota establishing this municipality as the head of the new bishopric. In addition, the cathedral is one of the main pilgrimage sites of the Valley of Aburrá, inside it is the image of the Fallen Lord of Girardota. He is credited with "hundreds of miracles" and pilgrims travel there to keep their promises. [/INST] The Our Lady of the Rosary Cathedral is an architectural wonder. Here are a few reasons why: - It was designed by Charles Émile Carré, born in 1863 and passed away in 1909. - Its architectural style is Neo-Romanesque. - It took over 32 years to build. - It's built of solid brick. </s>
In the series A Song of Ice and Fire, who is the founder of House Beesbury?		Ellyn Ever Sweet was the mother of House Beesbury and purported to be the daughter of Garth Greenhand. Her brother, Garth the Gardener, founded House Gardener	open_qa	<s>[INST] In the series A Song of Ice and Fire, who is the founder of House Beesbury? [/INST] Ellyn Ever Sweet was the mother of House Beesbury and purported to be the daughter of Garth Greenhand. Her brother, Garth the Gardener, founded House Gardener </s>
What are the words of House Tyrell?		"Growing Strong"	open_qa	<s>[INST] What are the words of House Tyrell? [/INST] "Growing Strong" </s>
Why do people like cats?		Cats are very popular pets. Many people have cats. In fact, some will argue that cats are a better pet than a dog. Cats often bond with their favorite human and provide companionship and love. When a cat purrs, it releases endorphins in the cat, and that can also help calm a human and help them release endorphins, too. Cats are independent and sometimes aloof, which may be a deterrent to humans who haven't been around cats much, but they generally warm up and will be a great friend.	general_qa	<s>[INST] Why do people like cats? [/INST] Cats are very popular pets. Many people have cats. In fact, some will argue that cats are a better pet than a dog. Cats often bond with their favorite human and provide companionship and love. When a cat purrs, it releases endorphins in the cat, and that can also help calm a human and help them release endorphins, too. Cats are independent and sometimes aloof, which may be a deterrent to humans who haven't been around cats much, but they generally warm up and will be a great friend. </s>
Who are the top 5 basketball players of all time?		The top 5 basketball players of all time will differ in opinion, depending on who you are talking to and in what region. But, a common list includes Michael Jordan, Lebron James, Kobe Bryant, Kareem Abdul Jabbar and Magic Johnson. Other players that are often mentioned in the conversation are Larry Bird, Bill Russel and Julius Erving.	brainstorming	<s>[INST] Who are the top 5 basketball players of all time? [/INST] The top 5 basketball players of all time will differ in opinion, depending on who you are talking to and in what region. But, a common list includes Michael Jordan, Lebron James, Kobe Bryant, Kareem Abdul Jabbar and Magic Johnson. Other players that are often mentioned in the conversation are Larry Bird, Bill Russel and Julius Erving. </s>
When was the last time aliens visited the earth?		There is no evidence that aliens have ever visited the earth. There have been many claims including UFO sightings, strange atmospheric patterns, ancient buildings showing characteristics outside of human capabilities at that time. But all of these have been refuted and there is no credible evidence of alien visitation.	open_qa	<s>[INST] When was the last time aliens visited the earth? [/INST] There is no evidence that aliens have ever visited the earth. There have been many claims including UFO sightings, strange atmospheric patterns, ancient buildings showing characteristics outside of human capabilities at that time. But all of these have been refuted and there is no credible evidence of alien visitation. </s>
Describe how social media can help companies make better business decisions. What social media data can be collected to aid in business decisions? List four pieces of social media data (e.g., Twitter mentions and the number of retweets would be counted as two pieces).		With 60% of the world’s population on social media, it presents an excellent opportunity for brands to reach and influence their consumers. The brands are already exploiting and interacting with consumers by leveraging social media as a channel.   Social media is a treasure trove of information for brands. Brands can leverage social media to collect the data below to help them improve their business and overall operations. Customer feedback and complaints Brands can monitor social media to connect with customers and watch customer feedback and complaints. See the below example of how Target engages with its customer via Twitter. Find influential users to promote the brand Brands can find influential users in a specific segment, understand the industry pulse, and partner with significant users to promote their brand—an example of influential Instagram users per industry segment. Consumer trends The information on social media is diverse and includes most of the markets and audience segments. This presents an excellent opportunity for the brands to mine the data and detect and predict consumer trends for product development. Gauge sentiment around the brand Brands can leverage the product/brand mentions in social media via the social media API and sentiment analysis services like Google NLP to detect sentiment for PR activities.	creative_writing	<s>[INST] Describe how social media can help companies make better business decisions. What social media data can be collected to aid in business decisions? List four pieces of social media data (e.g., Twitter mentions and the number of retweets would be counted as two pieces). [/INST] With 60% of the world’s population on social media, it presents an excellent opportunity for brands to reach and influence their consumers. The brands are already exploiting and interacting with consumers by leveraging social media as a channel.   Social media is a treasure trove of information for brands. Brands can leverage social media to collect the data below to help them improve their business and overall operations. Customer feedback and complaints Brands can monitor social media to connect with customers and watch customer feedback and complaints. See the below example of how Target engages with its customer via Twitter. Find influential users to promote the brand Brands can find influential users in a specific segment, understand the industry pulse, and partner with significant users to promote their brand—an example of influential Instagram users per industry segment. Consumer trends The information on social media is diverse and includes most of the markets and audience segments. This presents an excellent opportunity for the brands to mine the data and detect and predict consumer trends for product development. Gauge sentiment around the brand Brands can leverage the product/brand mentions in social media via the social media API and sentiment analysis services like Google NLP to detect sentiment for PR activities. </s>
When and where was the field of AI officially born?	Dartmouth Workshop 1956: the birth of AI The Dartmouth Workshop of 1956 was organized by Marvin Minsky, John McCarthy and two senior scientists: Claude Shannon and Nathan Rochester of IBM. The proposal for the conference included this assertion: "every aspect of learning or any other feature of intelligence can be so precisely described that a machine can be made to simulate it". The participants included Ray Solomonoff, Oliver Selfridge, Trenchard More, Arthur Samuel, Allen Newell and Herbert A. Simon, all of whom would create important programs during the first decades of AI research. At the workshop Newell and Simon debuted the "Logic Theorist" and McCarthy persuaded the attendees to accept "Artificial Intelligence" as the name of the field. The 1956 Dartmouth workshop was the moment that AI gained its name, its mission, its first success and its major players, and is widely considered the birth of AI. The term "Artificial Intelligence" was chosen by McCarthy to avoid associations with cybernetics and connections with the influential cyberneticist Norbert Wiener.	The field of AI was officially born in 1956 during a workshop organised at Dartmouth College	closed_qa	<s>[INST] When and where was the field of AI officially born? [CONTEXT] Dartmouth Workshop 1956: the birth of AI The Dartmouth Workshop of 1956 was organized by Marvin Minsky, John McCarthy and two senior scientists: Claude Shannon and Nathan Rochester of IBM. The proposal for the conference included this assertion: "every aspect of learning or any other feature of intelligence can be so precisely described that a machine can be made to simulate it". The participants included Ray Solomonoff, Oliver Selfridge, Trenchard More, Arthur Samuel, Allen Newell and Herbert A. Simon, all of whom would create important programs during the first decades of AI research. At the workshop Newell and Simon debuted the "Logic Theorist" and McCarthy persuaded the attendees to accept "Artificial Intelligence" as the name of the field. The 1956 Dartmouth workshop was the moment that AI gained its name, its mission, its first success and its major players, and is widely considered the birth of AI. The term "Artificial Intelligence" was chosen by McCarthy to avoid associations with cybernetics and connections with the influential cyberneticist Norbert Wiener. [/INST] The field of AI was officially born in 1956 during a workshop organised at Dartmouth College </s>
Why did the US join WW2?		The Japanese attack on Pearl Harbor on December 7, 1941, ended the debate over American intervention in both the Pacific and European theaters of World War II. The day after the attack, Congress declared war on Imperial Japan with only a single dissenting vote. Germany and Italy— Japan’s allies—responded by declaring war against the United States. Faced with these realities and incensed by the attack on Pearl Harbor, everyday Americans enthusiastically supported the war effort. Isolation was no longer an option.	general_qa	<s>[INST] Why did the US join WW2? [/INST] The Japanese attack on Pearl Harbor on December 7, 1941, ended the debate over American intervention in both the Pacific and European theaters of World War II. The day after the attack, Congress declared war on Imperial Japan with only a single dissenting vote. Germany and Italy— Japan’s allies—responded by declaring war against the United States. Faced with these realities and incensed by the attack on Pearl Harbor, everyday Americans enthusiastically supported the war effort. Isolation was no longer an option. </s>
What should I do this spring in San Francisco?		During the spring time, people in San Francisco enjoy visiting the parks for the cherry blossom, check out the open markets when the weather is nice, and explore the Golden Gate Park. If you want to venture farther, you can enjoy the wildflower festival in Half Moon Bay, take the ferry to Sausalito, or even spot Humpback whales in the Bay Area!	brainstorming	<s>[INST] What should I do this spring in San Francisco? [/INST] During the spring time, people in San Francisco enjoy visiting the parks for the cherry blossom, check out the open markets when the weather is nice, and explore the Golden Gate Park. If you want to venture farther, you can enjoy the wildflower festival in Half Moon Bay, take the ferry to Sausalito, or even spot Humpback whales in the Bay Area! </s>
Name five countries in the Northern Hemisphere		Canada, France, India, Finland and Turkey are countries located in the Northern Hemisphere.	brainstorming	<s>[INST] Name five countries in the Northern Hemisphere [/INST] Canada, France, India, Finland and Turkey are countries located in the Northern Hemisphere. </s>
What does #956 mean?		#956 refers to the Rio Grande Valley, an area in South Texas.The number 956 is the area code. It includes the city of McAllen, Pharr, Brownsville, and the popular beach destination: South Padre Island, just to name a few. People also say "Puro 956" to express pride for the area. The area shares the border with Mexico which explains why the majority of the population has Mexican heritage and the #1 language is Spanish. The 956 area is known for its rich culture and delicious Mexican food.	general_qa	<s>[INST] What does #956 mean? [/INST] #956 refers to the Rio Grande Valley, an area in South Texas.The number 956 is the area code. It includes the city of McAllen, Pharr, Brownsville, and the popular beach destination: South Padre Island, just to name a few. People also say "Puro 956" to express pride for the area. The area shares the border with Mexico which explains why the majority of the population has Mexican heritage and the #1 language is Spanish. The 956 area is known for its rich culture and delicious Mexican food. </s>
Extract a list of all of the communties and counties mentioned in this article about SH 115.	SH 115 begins at an intersection with Interstate 20 and Farm to Market Road 1927 in Pyote. The route travels north along the eastern edge of town and through Far West Texas oil fields before reaching Wink. The route then turns northeast, next reaching Kermit. The route travels through downtown Kermit, passing the Winkler County Courthouse. The route continues to the northeast, crossing oil fields of Winkler and Andrews Counties, before reaching Andrews. The route travels through Andrews, intersecting U.S. Route 385. The route continues northeast, crossing through the intersection of Andrews, Gaines, Martin, and Dawson Counties before reaching its terminus at SH 349 at the unincorporated community of Patricia, Texas.	Pyote, Wink, Kermit, Winkler, Andrews, Gaines, Martin, Dawson, Patricia	information_extraction	<s>[INST] Extract a list of all of the communties and counties mentioned in this article about SH 115. [CONTEXT] SH 115 begins at an intersection with Interstate 20 and Farm to Market Road 1927 in Pyote. The route travels north along the eastern edge of town and through Far West Texas oil fields before reaching Wink. The route then turns northeast, next reaching Kermit. The route travels through downtown Kermit, passing the Winkler County Courthouse. The route continues to the northeast, crossing oil fields of Winkler and Andrews Counties, before reaching Andrews. The route travels through Andrews, intersecting U.S. Route 385. The route continues northeast, crossing through the intersection of Andrews, Gaines, Martin, and Dawson Counties before reaching its terminus at SH 349 at the unincorporated community of Patricia, Texas. [/INST] Pyote, Wink, Kermit, Winkler, Andrews, Gaines, Martin, Dawson, Patricia </s>
When did Florida become a state?		Florida became a state on March 3, 1845.	open_qa	<s>[INST] When did Florida become a state? [/INST] Florida became a state on March 3, 1845. </s>
What was the united Arab republic?	In 1958, Egypt and Syria formed a sovereign union known as the United Arab Republic. The union was short-lived, ending in 1961 when Syria seceded, thus ending the union. During most of its existence, the United Arab Republic was also in a loose confederation with North Yemen (or the Mutawakkilite Kingdom of Yemen), known as the United Arab States. In 1959, the All-Palestine Government of the Gaza Strip, an Egyptian client state, was absorbed into the United Arab Republic under the pretext of Arab union, and was never restored. The Arab Socialist Union, a new nasserist state-party was founded in 1962.	The United Arab Republic was formed in 1958 as a sovereign union by Egypt and Syria. Later in 1959 Gaza was part of the republic but it only lasted till 1961 when Syria seceded.	summarization	<s>[INST] What was the united Arab republic? [CONTEXT] In 1958, Egypt and Syria formed a sovereign union known as the United Arab Republic. The union was short-lived, ending in 1961 when Syria seceded, thus ending the union. During most of its existence, the United Arab Republic was also in a loose confederation with North Yemen (or the Mutawakkilite Kingdom of Yemen), known as the United Arab States. In 1959, the All-Palestine Government of the Gaza Strip, an Egyptian client state, was absorbed into the United Arab Republic under the pretext of Arab union, and was never restored. The Arab Socialist Union, a new nasserist state-party was founded in 1962. [/INST] The United Arab Republic was formed in 1958 as a sovereign union by Egypt and Syria. Later in 1959 Gaza was part of the republic but it only lasted till 1961 when Syria seceded. </s>
What programming language does Spark support?	Apache Spark has built-in support for Scala, Java, SQL, R, and Python with 3rd party support for the .NET CLR, Julia and more.	Apache Spark has built-in support for Scala, Java, SQL, R, and Python. It also supports 3rd party programming language such as .NET CLR, Julia and more.	summarization	<s>[INST] What programming language does Spark support? [CONTEXT] Apache Spark has built-in support for Scala, Java, SQL, R, and Python with 3rd party support for the .NET CLR, Julia and more. [/INST] Apache Spark has built-in support for Scala, Java, SQL, R, and Python. It also supports 3rd party programming language such as .NET CLR, Julia and more. </s>
What were the main results of applying statistical analysis to the English language?	Information theory's fundamental contribution to natural language processing and computational linguistics was further established in 1951, in his article "Prediction and Entropy of Printed English", showing upper and lower bounds of entropy on the statistics of English – giving a statistical foundation to language analysis. In addition, he proved that treating whitespace as the 27th letter of the alphabet actually lowers uncertainty in written language, providing a clear quantifiable link between cultural practice and probabilistic cognition.	The main results of applying statistical analysis to the English language were establishing upper and lower bounds of entropy for it and that treating whitespace as a 27th letter of the alphabet lowers uncertainty.	summarization	<s>[INST] What were the main results of applying statistical analysis to the English language? [CONTEXT] Information theory's fundamental contribution to natural language processing and computational linguistics was further established in 1951, in his article "Prediction and Entropy of Printed English", showing upper and lower bounds of entropy on the statistics of English – giving a statistical foundation to language analysis. In addition, he proved that treating whitespace as the 27th letter of the alphabet actually lowers uncertainty in written language, providing a clear quantifiable link between cultural practice and probabilistic cognition. [/INST] The main results of applying statistical analysis to the English language were establishing upper and lower bounds of entropy for it and that treating whitespace as a 27th letter of the alphabet lowers uncertainty. </s>
Given this paragraph about Saffron, where does this name originally come from?	A degree of uncertainty surrounds the origin of the English word "saffron". It might stem from the 12th-century Old French term safran, which comes from the Latin word safranum, from the Arabic (زَعْفَرَان), za'farān, which comes from the Persian word zarparan meaning "gold strung" (implying either the golden stamens of the flower or the golden color it creates when used as flavor).	It comes from the Persian word zarparan	closed_qa	<s>[INST] Given this paragraph about Saffron, where does this name originally come from? [CONTEXT] A degree of uncertainty surrounds the origin of the English word "saffron". It might stem from the 12th-century Old French term safran, which comes from the Latin word safranum, from the Arabic (زَعْفَرَان), za'farān, which comes from the Persian word zarparan meaning "gold strung" (implying either the golden stamens of the flower or the golden color it creates when used as flavor). [/INST] It comes from the Persian word zarparan </s>
What are the top 5 places to eat while visiting Milwaukee, Wisconsin?		Milwaukee is a great destination for foodies, it has some iconic eating places which are a must for any new visitor. 1. Kopps Custard: This places serves the best custard in tri-state region and a must have while in milwaukee. They also serve great burgers and sandwiches. 2. Collectivo Coffee - This is a local coffee shop situated on the Michigan Lake shore in an old pump house converted into a coffee shop. The ambiance, coffee, and food make it a great spot to relax and read a book. 3. Maders: This is probably the most famous restaurant of milwaukee serving authentic German food 4. Cafe Hollander: This is great place to taste different kinds of beers and their food is also very eclectic 5. Zaffiro's Pizza: If you are in the mood for some pizza don't forget to stop by Zaffiro's	general_qa	<s>[INST] What are the top 5 places to eat while visiting Milwaukee, Wisconsin? [/INST] Milwaukee is a great destination for foodies, it has some iconic eating places which are a must for any new visitor. 1. Kopps Custard: This places serves the best custard in tri-state region and a must have while in milwaukee. They also serve great burgers and sandwiches. 2. Collectivo Coffee - This is a local coffee shop situated on the Michigan Lake shore in an old pump house converted into a coffee shop. The ambiance, coffee, and food make it a great spot to relax and read a book. 3. Maders: This is probably the most famous restaurant of milwaukee serving authentic German food 4. Cafe Hollander: This is great place to taste different kinds of beers and their food is also very eclectic 5. Zaffiro's Pizza: If you are in the mood for some pizza don't forget to stop by Zaffiro's </s>
What do I need to be aware of when talking to an alien?		You need to carefully consider your actions and presuppose a friendly exchange. Here are suggestions that may help: 1. Try to avoid using offensive behavior and remarks. Respect each other's culture, values and dignity. 2. Try not to mention any human weapons, technology, and information that can cause damage or confusions. 3. During the communication, make sure to confirm the other party's attitude towards humans. Whenever possible, choose aliens with a friendly attitude to communicate with. If you see hostility toward you, or even toward humanity, be vigilant and inform others if the situation is out of your control. Always keep in mind that your actions may concern humans or represent others. Your communication with aliens requires compliance with the ethics and laws of both parties.	general_qa	<s>[INST] What do I need to be aware of when talking to an alien? [/INST] You need to carefully consider your actions and presuppose a friendly exchange. Here are suggestions that may help: 1. Try to avoid using offensive behavior and remarks. Respect each other's culture, values and dignity. 2. Try not to mention any human weapons, technology, and information that can cause damage or confusions. 3. During the communication, make sure to confirm the other party's attitude towards humans. Whenever possible, choose aliens with a friendly attitude to communicate with. If you see hostility toward you, or even toward humanity, be vigilant and inform others if the situation is out of your control. Always keep in mind that your actions may concern humans or represent others. Your communication with aliens requires compliance with the ethics and laws of both parties. </s>
What is the difference between NAFTA and NATO?		NAFTA was the North American Free Trade Agreement, an agreement that created a trade bloc in North America between Canada, Mexico and the United States that was in force from 1994 to 2020. NATO is the North Atlantic Treaty Organization, a military alliance with 30 member states created in 1949 after World War 2.	general_qa	<s>[INST] What is the difference between NAFTA and NATO? [/INST] NAFTA was the North American Free Trade Agreement, an agreement that created a trade bloc in North America between Canada, Mexico and the United States that was in force from 1994 to 2020. NATO is the North Atlantic Treaty Organization, a military alliance with 30 member states created in 1949 after World War 2. </s>
What is postmodernism?	Postmodernism is an intellectual stance or mode of discourse characterized by skepticism toward the "grand narratives" of modernism; rejection of epistemic certainty or the stability of meaning; and sensitivity to the role of ideology in maintaining political power. Claims to objectivity are dismissed as naïve realism, with attention drawn to the conditional nature of knowledge claims within particular historical, political, and cultural discourses. The postmodern outlook is characterized by self-referentiality, epistemological relativism, moral relativism, pluralism, irony, irreverence, and eclecticism; it rejects the "universal validity" of binary oppositions, stable identity, hierarchy, and categorization Initially emerging from a mode of literary criticism, postmodernism developed in the mid-twentieth century as a rejection of modernism, and has been observed across many disciplines. Postmodernism is associated with the disciplines deconstruction and post-structuralism. Various authors have criticized postmodernism as promoting obscurantism, as abandoning Enlightenment rationalism and scientific rigor, and as adding nothing to analytical or empirical knowledge	Postmodernism is a philosophical position that questions the certainty and immutability of human knowledge. It emerges in opposition to the main tenets of modernism and rejects claims of objective universal truths that are not bound and shaped by the social, historical, political and cultural context in which they arise. Postmodernist attitudes are characterized by moral relativism, a view where opposite moral precepts and world views are equally valid regardless of their consequences or scientific underpinning. This has led to criticism from thinkers that subscribe to rationalism and the notion that objective truths can be derived from scientific rigor.	closed_qa	<s>[INST] What is postmodernism? [CONTEXT] Postmodernism is an intellectual stance or mode of discourse characterized by skepticism toward the "grand narratives" of modernism; rejection of epistemic certainty or the stability of meaning; and sensitivity to the role of ideology in maintaining political power. Claims to objectivity are dismissed as naïve realism, with attention drawn to the conditional nature of knowledge claims within particular historical, political, and cultural discourses. The postmodern outlook is characterized by self-referentiality, epistemological relativism, moral relativism, pluralism, irony, irreverence, and eclecticism; it rejects the "universal validity" of binary oppositions, stable identity, hierarchy, and categorization Initially emerging from a mode of literary criticism, postmodernism developed in the mid-twentieth century as a rejection of modernism, and has been observed across many disciplines. Postmodernism is associated with the disciplines deconstruction and post-structuralism. Various authors have criticized postmodernism as promoting obscurantism, as abandoning Enlightenment rationalism and scientific rigor, and as adding nothing to analytical or empirical knowledge [/INST] Postmodernism is a philosophical position that questions the certainty and immutability of human knowledge. It emerges in opposition to the main tenets of modernism and rejects claims of objective universal truths that are not bound and shaped by the social, historical, political and cultural context in which they arise. Postmodernist attitudes are characterized by moral relativism, a view where opposite moral precepts and world views are equally valid regardless of their consequences or scientific underpinning. This has led to criticism from thinkers that subscribe to rationalism and the notion that objective truths can be derived from scientific rigor. </s>