sentences
stringlengths
60
622
label
int64
0
2
using a telescope to photograph solar events requires a light filter & a solar flare is a kind of solar event & a solar prominence is a kind of solar event -> using a telescope to photograph a solar prominence and a solar flare requires a light filter
1
a telescope is used for observing planets & venus is a kind of planet -> a telescope can be used for observing venus
1
a telescope can be used for observing venus & venus has moon-like phases -> a telescope can be used to observe the moon-like phases of venus
1
an optical telescope requires visible light for human to use & clouds / dusts block visible light -> if there is clouds or dusts, then the optical telescope cannot be used
1
if there is clouds or dusts, then the optical telescope cannot be used & radio telescopes can see through clouds and dust -> the radio telescopes can still be used when there is clouds or dusts
1
detailed observation of celestial objects requires a telescope & if something is required for something else then that something allows that something else -> telescopes allow the detailed observation of celestial objects
1
telescopes allow the detailed observation of celestial objects & a planet is a kind of celestial object / celestial body -> telescopes allow the detailed observation of planets
1
a moon phase occurs 28 days after the last time it occurred & a full moon is a kind of phase of the moon -> a full moon will occur 28 days after the last time it occurs
1
a full moon will occur 28 days after the last time it occurs & 1 month is equal to 28-31 days -> a full moon will occur after 1 month it occurs
1
the new moon is when the dark half of the moon faces the earth & a new moon is a kind of phase of the moon & the new moon is when the lighted half of the moon faces the sun -> the moon phase where the lighted half of the moon faces the sun and dark half of the moon faces the earth is called new moon
1
each of the moon 's phases occurs once per month & a full moon is a kind of phase of the moon -> a full moon occurs once per month
1
the new moon is when the dark half of the moon faces the earth & the dark half of the moon is not visible -> new moon is when the moon cannot be seen
1
new moon is when the moon cannot be seen & a new moon is a kind of phase of the moon & a student cannot observe the moon in the clear night sky on feburary 21 -> the student observes a new moon phase on feburary 21
1
the student observes a new moon phase on feburary 21 & a moon phase occurs 28 days after the last time it occurred -> the next new moon will occur 28 days after feburary 21
1
the next new moon will occur 28 days after feburary 21 & 28 days after feburary 21 is march 21 -> the next new moon will occur on march 21
1
the moon revolving around / orbiting the earth causes the phases of the moon & the moon orbiting the earth occurs once per month -> each of the moon 's phases of earth's moon occurs once per month
1
the earth revolves around the sun & a revolution occurs when something revolves around something else -> revolution can be used to describe the earth revolving around the sun
1
gravity causes orbits & planets in the solar system orbit the sun -> gravity causes the planets in the solar system to orbit the sun
1
gravity causes orbits & planets in the solar system orbit the sun -> gravity causes the planets in the solar system to orbit the sun
1
mars is a kind of planet & mars is located in the solar system -> mars is a planet in the solar system
1
gravity causes the planets in the solar system to orbit the sun & mars is a planet in the solar system -> gravity causes mars to orbit around the sun
1
gravity causes orbits & the earth revolves around the sun -> gravity causes the earth to revolve around the sun
1
gravity causes orbits & the moon orbits the earth -> gravity causes the moon to orbit the earth
1
gravity causes the earth to revolve around the sun & gravity causes the moon to orbit the earth -> gravity causes both the orbit of the earth around the sun and the orbit of the moon around the earth
1
gravity causes orbits & planets in the solar system orbit the sun -> gravity causes planets in the solar system to orbit the sun
1
planets in the solar system orbit the sun & gravity causes orbits -> gravity causes planets in the solar system to orbit the sun
1
planets in the solar system orbit the sun & gravity causes orbits -> gravity causes planets in the solar system to orbit the sun
1
gravity causes orbits & the moon orbits the earth -> gravity causes the moon to orbit around the earth
1
planets in the solar system orbit the sun & gravity causes orbits -> gravity causes the planets in the solar system to orbit the sun
1
uranus is located in the solar system & uranus is a kind of planet -> uranus is a planet located in the solar system
1
uranus is a planet located in the solar system & planets in the solar system orbit the sun -> uranus is a planet in the solar system that orbits around the sun
1
uranus is a planet in the solar system that orbits around the sun & gravity causes orbits -> gravity causes uranus to orbit around the sun
1
the moon orbiting the earth occurs once per month & the moon 's orbit is elliptical -> the moon orbits the earth in an elliptical orbit once per month
1
planetary orbits are mostly elliptical & planets in the solar system orbit the sun -> planets in the solar system orbit the sun in an elliptical orbit
1
a planet is a kind of celestial object / body & earth is a kind of planet -> earth is a kind of celestial object
1
earth is a kind of celestial object & as distance from an object decreases , that object will appear larger & a star is a kind of celestial object / celestial body -> as the distance from a star to earth decreases, the star will appear larger
1
as the distance from a star to earth decreases, the star will appear larger & the sun is the star that is closest to earth -> the sun will appear larger than other stars because it is the closest star to earth
1
dehydrating food is used for preserving food & astronauts require preserved food for extended flights -> dehydrating food can be used for preserving food for extended flights
1
a space probe can orbit / land on other planets & mars is a kind of planet -> a space probe can land on mars
1
a space probe can land on mars & a space probe is used for collecting / analyzing materials / samples / information -> a space probe can land on mars and collect and analyze samples
1
a space probe can land on mars and collect and analyze samples & the viking i lander was sent to mars and analyze atmospheric gases and soil samples -> the viking i lander is a kind of space probe
1
high tide is a stage in the tide cycle process & low tide is a stage in the tide cycle process & the tide cycle occurs regularly twice per day -> high tide and low tide in the tide cycle occur twice per day
1
high tide and low tide in the tide cycle occur twice per day & a tide is a kind of natural event -> high tide and low tide in the tidy cycle are the natural event that occur twice per day
1
high tide is a stage in the tide cycle process & low tide is a stage in the tide cycle process & the tide cycle occurs regularly twice per day -> high tide and low tide in the tide cycle occur twice per day
1
the tide is when ocean levels periodically rise / fall & the gravitational pull of the moon on earth 's oceans causes the tides -> the gravitational pull causes the ocean levels on earth to rise and fall periodically
1
the tide is when ocean levels periodically rise / fall & the gravitational pull of the moon on earth 's oceans causes the tides -> the gravitational pull causes the ocean levels on earth to rise and fall periodically
1
the moon moves away from earth & moving away from the source increases the distance -> the moon moving away from earth increases the distance between the moon and the earth
1
the moon moving away from earth increases the distance between the moon and the earth & as the distance from an object increases , the force of gravity on that object will decrease -> the moon moving away from earth causes the force of gravity of moon on earth decreases
1
the moon moving away from earth causes the force of gravity of moon on earth decreases & as the gravitational pull of the moon decreases , the height of ocean tides will decrease -> the moon moving away from earth causes the height of ocean tides on earth to decrease
1
spring tides occur during a full moon & spring tide is when the distance between high tide and low tide is the greatest -> the highest tides occur during a full moon
1
the sun is a source of light / light energy called sunlight & as a source of light moves directly overhead of an object , the size of the shadow of that object will decrease -> when the sun moves directly overhead of an object, the size of the shadow of that object will be the smallest
1
when the sun moves directly overhead of an object, the size of the shadow of that object will be the smallest & the sun is located directly overhead at noon -> the shadows of an object at noon will be the smallest
1
the shadows of an object at noon will be the smallest & a flagpole is a kind of object -> the shadow of a flagpole will be the smallest at noon
1
volcano eruption is when volcano deposits lava to the earth 's surface & new land can be formed by lava cooling after an volcano eruption -> volcano eruption can form a new land
1
volcano eruption can form a new land & a volcanic eruption is a kind of quick process -> volcano eruption is a quick process to form land
1
most canyons are formed by flowing rivers & a valley is formed by flowing rivers -> canyons and valleys are formed by flowing rivers
1
sometimes piles of rocks are formed by melting glaciers depositing rocks & deposition is a kind of constructive force -> piles of rocks are formed by the constructive force of glaciers
1
water deposits the leaves at the foot of the hill and fans out & a delta is formed by sediment depositing at the mouth of a river by water fanning out -> water depositing leaves at the foot of the hill is similar to water forming a delta
1
a river is a kind of a moving body of water & most canyons are formed by flowing rivers through erosion over long periods of time -> most canyons are formed by moving body of water through erosion over long periods of time
1
the grand canyon is a kind of canyon & most canyons are formed by flowing rivers through erosion over long periods of time -> the grand canyon is formed by flowing rivers through erosion over long periods of time
1
a river is a kind of flowing body of water & the colorado river is a kind of river next to the grand canyon -> the colorado river is a flowing river next to the grand canyon
1
the grand canyon is formed by flowing rivers through erosion over long periods of time & the colorado river is a flowing river next to the grand canyon -> the grand canyon was formed by the flowing colorado river over long periods of time
1
the grand canyon was formed by the flowing colorado river over long periods of time & if something is formed by something else, then that something else is required by that something -> forming the grand canyon requires the flowing colorado river
1
forming the grand canyon requires the flowing colorado river & if something requires something else then that something else is important to that something -> the flowing colorado river is important for forming the grand canyon
1
a river is a kind of flowing body of water & the colorado river is a kind of river -> the colorado river is a flowing body of water
1
the flowing colorado river is important for forming the grand canyon & the colorado river is a flowing body of water -> a flowing body of water is important for forming the grand canyon
1
a dinosaur is a kind of extinct animal & a bone is a part of some animals & an example of a fossil is the bones of an extinct animal -> the bones of dinosaurs are an example of fossils
1
the bones of dinosaurs are an example of fossils & index fossils can be used to determine the approximate age of other fossils in that area -> index fossils can be used to determine the approximate age of the fossils of the bones of dinosaurs
1
if a species existed for a relatively short time then that species is now extinct & index fossils are formed from species that existed for a relatively short time -> the species that form the index fossils are now extinct
1
shell is a part of a mussel & a freshwater mussel is a kind of mussel -> shell is a part of a freshwater mussel
1
shell is a part of a freshwater mussel & fossils of shells of freshwater mussels are found in a mountain range -> fossils of freshwater mussels are found in the mountain range
1
fossils of freshwater mussels are found in the mountain range & if fossils of a water animal or plant are found in a place then that animal or plant used to live in that place & a mountain range is a kind of place & a mussel is a kind of water animal -> the freshwater mussels used to live in the place where the mountain range is located
1
a freshwater mussel is a mussel lives in freshwater & a mussel is a kind of water animal -> a freshwater mussel is a kind of water animal that lives in freshwater
1
the freshwater mussels used to live in the place where the mountain range is located & a freshwater mussel is a kind of water animal that lives in freshwater -> the mountain range used to be covered by freshwater
1
the mountain range used to be covered by freshwater & a river usually contains freshwater -> the mountain range was likely to be covered by a river
1
an ocean is a kind of body of water & a body of water is a kind of environment -> an ocean is a kind of environment
1
an ocean is a kind of environment & a tropical environment usually has warm temperatures -> a tropical ocean usually has warm temperatures
1
a tropical ocean usually has warm temperatures & coral lives in tropical oceans -> coral lives in warm oceans
1
coral lives in warm oceans & coral is a kind of aquatic animal -> corals are aquatic animals that live in warm oceans
1
corals are aquatic animals that live in warm oceans & an ocean is a kind of body of water & if fossils of an aquatic animal or plant are found in a place then that place used to be covered by water in the past -> if fossils of corals are found in a place then that place used to be covered by warm oceans in the past
1
if fossils of corals are found in a place then that place used to be covered by warm oceans in the past & fossils of corals are found in ohio -> ohio used to be covered in warm oceans in the past
1
a wooded area is a kind of place & if fossils of a water animal or plant are found in a place then that place used to be covered by water in the past & fossils of seashells are found in a wooded area -> the wooded area used to be covered by water in the past
1
the wooded area used to be covered by water in the past & if something used to be in the past then that something has changed -> the place has changed from being covered by water to a wooded area
1
a dinosaur is a kind of reptile & a reptile is a kind of animal -> a dinosaur is a kind of animal
1
a dinosaur is a kind of animal & if fossils of an animal or plant are found in a place then that animal or plant used to live in that place & fossils of dinosaurs are found in antarctica -> dinosaurs used to live in antarctica
1
a dinosaur is a kind of reptile & a reptile is cold-blooded -> dinosaurs are cold-blooded
1
a dinosaur is a kind of animal & dinosaurs are cold-blooded -> dinosaurs are cold-blooded animals
1
dinosaurs are cold-blooded animals & cold-blooded animals cannot live in cold environments -> dinosaurs cannot live in cold environments
1
dinosaurs used to live in antarctica & dinosaurs cannot live in cold environments -> antarctica was not a cold environment when dinosaurs used to live in antarctica
1
a shark is a kind of fish & a fish is a kind of aquatic animal -> a shark is a kind of aquatic animal
1
a shark is a kind of aquatic animal & if fossils of an aquatic animal or plant are found in a place then that place used to be covered by water in the past -> if fossils of sharks are found in a place then that place used to be covered by water in the past
1
if fossils of sharks are found in a place then that place used to be covered by water in the past & sharks live in oceans & an ocean is a kind of body of water -> if fossils of sharks are found in a place then that place used to be covered by oceans in the past
1
if fossils of sharks are found in a place then that place used to be covered by oceans in the past & fossils of sharks are found on top of a mountain & the top of a mountain is a kind of place -> the mountain used to be covered by oceans in the past
1
marine animals are water animals & marine fossils means fossils of marine animals -> marine fossils are fossils of water animals
1
marine fossils are fossils of water animals & marine fossils are found in mountains -> fossils of water animals are found in mountains
1
fossils of water animals are found in mountains & if fossils of a water animal or plant are found in a place then that place used to be covered by water in the past -> the mountains used to be covered by water in the past
1
the mountains used to be covered by water in the past & if something used to be in the past then that something has changed & a mountain is a kind of environment & a body of water is a kind of environment -> the environment has changed from a body of water to mountains
1
the environment has changed from a body of water to mountains & environments are found on the crustal surface of earth -> the environments on the crustal surface of earth have changed from a body of water to mountains
1
limestone is a kind of sedimentary rock & shale is a kind of sedimentary rock -> shale and limestone are different kinds of sedimentary rock
1
shale and limestone are different kinds of sedimentary rock & environments changing can cause layers of rock that are on top of each other to be of different kind & a layer of shale is on top of a layer of limestone -> environments changing causes the shale and limestone to be on top of each other
1