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Syntheses, Structures and Properties of Two Transition Metal-Flexible Ligand Coordination Polymers | Two coordination polymers based on 3,5-bis(4-carboxyphenylmethyloxy) benzoic acid (H3L), [M(HL)]·2H2O M = Mn(1), Co(2), have been synthesized under hydrothermal conditions. Their structures have been determined by single-crystal X-ray diffraction and further characterized by elemental analysis, IR spectra and TGA. The two complexes possess 3D framework with diamond channels resulting from the trans-configuration of the flexible ligand and three coordination modes, 3(η2, η1), 2(η1, η1), η1, of carboxyl groups in the ligand. The framework can be represented with Schlafli symbol of (48·66)(47·66). The wall of the channel consists of left- or right-handed helical polymeric chains. UV–visible–NIR and photoluminescence spectra, magnetic properties of 1 and 2 have also been discussed. |
Discussion on the Influence and Development of Technical Aesthetics in Modern Landscape Design | The source of technical aesthetics was introduced and its meaning was explained.The relations between technical aesthetics and modern landscpae design were discussed.The embodiment of technical aesthetics in landscpae design was discussed in the aspects of new material,new technology,new structureand new apparatus.It was put forward that the the development direction of technical aesthetics were tending to sensibility, native land and zoology. |
GRIN optics for dual-band IR sensors (Conference Presentation) | Graded index (GRIN) optics offer potential for both weight savings and increased performance but have until recently been limited to visible and NIR bands (wavelengths shorter than about 0.9 µm). NRL has developed glass-based IR-GRIN lenses compatible with SWIR-LWIR wavebands. Recent designs show the potential for significant SWaP reduction benefits and improved performance using IR-GRIN lens elements in dual-band, MWIR-LWIR sensors. The SWaP and performance advantages of IR-GRIN lenses in platform-relevant dual-band imagers will be presented. |
MATRIX EFFECT OF INORGANIC ACIDS IN ICP-OES ANALYSIS (I) MATRIX EFFECT OF INORGANIC ACIDS AND ITS MECHANISM | A review pertaining to the matrix effect of inorganic acids on the analytical results in ICP-AES, and to the sample introduction system and the excitation property of ICP which are the main factors producing the matrix effect of inorganic acids, was given in this paper. Thirty four references were cited. |
Agreement of body weight, body fat percentage values between two body composition analyzers | Abstract In order to assess the agreement of body weight (BW), body fat index values between total body (foot to hand) and segment body (foot to foot) analyzers, we measured BW and body fat percentage (BF%) of 37 subjects by both analyzers in the same condition. As a result, the Pearson correlation of body weight and BF% values were r BW = 1.00 and r BF% = 0.81, respectively (p BW = −0.281kg and d BF% = 0.662% respectively; and the standard deviation of these differences were s d(BW) = 0.143 and s d(BF%) = 3.898. In addition, the 95% limits of agreement of difference of BW was (−0.567 to +0.005) and (−7.135 to +8.459) for difference of BF%. In conclusion, the results indicated that agreement of BW and BF% values between the two analyzers is acceptable, thus they might be interchangeable for epidemiological studies. |
Microcoppice: a new strategy for red oak clonal propagation | The great demand for red oak (Quercus rubra L.) has forced plant propagators to consider viable methods of mass clonal propagation for the species. A process called 'microcoppicing' is presently being developed to help meet such needs. |
Simulation and Analysis of Formula Racing Car’s Diffuser Based on CFD Technology | It is vital to reduce lift generated by a racing car while traveling with high speed for the sake of overall performance and stability. Simplified formula student racing car models with seven diffuser angles and without diffuser were simulated based on CFD technology. Aerodynamic forces and corresponding coefficients were achieved for all eight models. The calculated results show that the lift generated by the car in the high speed can be reduced by a diffuser effectively. The aerodynamic characteristics of a racing car will be greatly improved by adding a rational designed diffuser, which may cut down lift dramatically with only little drag produced. This paper provides theoretically support for improving racing car aerodynamic characteristics. |
Family physicians and the primary care physicians workforce in 2004. | In 2004, there were 91,600 family physicians (FPs) and general practitioners (GPs) and 222,000 primary care physicians actively caring for patients, one for every 1321 persons. These primary care physicians represent the largest and best-trained primary care physician workforce that has ever existed in the United States. |
Assessing the Accuracy of Fossil Datum Levels: Globorotalia margaritae Foraminiferida, a Pliocene Test Case | Abstract. The stratigraphic distribution of the planktonic foraminiferal species Globorotalia margaritae has been determined in 34 DSDP, ODP and piston core sites from throughout the world’s oceans and from one land section. All these sites have good palaeomagnetic records, and thus the age of the first and last appearance of G. margaritae can be determined in each case. The results show strong diachronism and indicate that this is not a good species to use for correlation. There appears to be no simple explanation for this diachronism, dissolution is probably a contributing factor in the deeper sites, and the edges of the geographical range of the species show shorter stratigraphic ranges but these factors do not explain all the data. We suggest that diachronism in planktonic foraminifera may be common, but without global arrays of palaeomagnetically dated cores it will be very difficult to distinguish reliable species from unreliable ones. |
The Swedish Model: Balancing Markets and Gifts in the Music Industry | The internet has destabilized media industries. This article uses the case of Swedish independent music labels, musicians, and fans to articulate one model for understanding the new roles each can take in this new context. Interviews, participant observation, and popular media coverage are used to show how labels and musicians in this scene loosely organize with fans to create a gift economy among themselves. Although they seek to earn money, they are not focused getting it from the audience. Instead, they engage the audience as equals with whom they can build a larger community that benefits them all. The article shows how they use giving songs away and engaging directly with audience members through the internet to pursue this goal. In contrast to discourses against file sharing, the analysis demonstrates how media producers may reconcile themselves to the participatory culture of the Internet. |
Research Guides: English 110 - Martin: Home | This guide provides students with recommended resources for research in English 110 with Joanne Martin. |
Poly(P‐benzoquinono)diimidazoles from two‐ring aromatic dicarboxylic acids | New poly(p-benzoquinono)diimidazoles have been synthesized by one-stage polycondensation in polyphosphoric acid of 2,3,5,6-tetraamino-p-benzoquinone with diphenyl-4,4′-dicarboxylic acid, diphenylmethane-4,4′-dicarboxylic acid, 4,4′-oxydibenzoic acid, and 4,4′-sulfonyldibenzoic acid. The polymers were characterized by infrared and ultraviolet spectral study, viscometric measurements, and thermal analysis. The effects of introducing flexibilizing links such as CH2,O, and SO2 in the backbone of the polymers, on their thermal stability and solubility were studied. |
REM sleep deprivation impairs serial reversal and probability maximizing in rats | Deprivation of REM sleep (REMD) for about 3 h immediately after training greatly impaired serial spatial reversal and spatial-probability maximizing. REMD beginning 3 h after training had no effect. These results are consistent with the fact that these tasks clearly distinguish the learning ability of species with REM sleep (mammals, birds) from those without REM sleep (fish). The results suggest that the greater flexibility of mammalian behavior compared to that of lower species involves a REM-sleep information-processing mechanism. |
Numerical Simulations of Interactions between Gravity Waves and Deep Moist Convection | Abstract This study uses a numerical model to simulate deep convection both in the Tropics over the ocean and the midlatitudes over land. The vertical grid that was used extends into the stratosphere, allowing for the simultaneous examination of the convection and the vertically propagating gravity waves that it generates. A large number of trajectories are used to evaluate the behavior of tracers in the troposphere, and it is found that the tracers can be segregated into different types based upon their position in a diagram of normalized vertical velocity versus displacement. Conditional sampling is also used to identify updrafts in the troposphere and calculate their contribution to the kinetic energy budget of the troposphere. In addition, Fourier analysis is used to characterize the waves in the stratosphere; it was found that the waves simulated in this study have similarities to those observed and simulated by other researchers. Finally, this study examines the wave energy flux as a means to provid... |
Regulation of tumor-stromal fibroblast interactions: implications in anticancer therapy. | Recent advances in tumor biology have identified the stroma as an important regulator of carcinogenesis and potentially a valuable therapeutic target. While however the fact that by targeting the stromal component of a tumor represents a potential therapeutic strategy has been established, the knowledge for specific regulators for such interactions remains poor. The latter is largely due to the fact that appropriate methodological approaches that permit the screening for such regulators are lacking. In the present review we will summarize some of the literature underlining the central role of stromal factors, and essentially that of the fibroblasts in tumorigenesis. Furthermore, we will review the experimental evidence that suggest that by interfering with tumor-stroma interactions may represent a therapeutic approach. Finally, based on various experimental evidence and theoretical considerations we will suggest a biological experimental system which might facilitate the screening of such regulators. |
Results of adaptive feedforward on GTA | This paper presents the results of the adaptive feedforward system in use on the Ground Test Accelerator (GTA). The adaptive feedforward system was shown to correct repetitive, high-frequency errors in the amplitude and phase of the RF field of the pulsed accelerator. The adaptive feedforward system was designed as an augmentation to the RF field feedback control system and was able to extend the closed-loop bandwidth and disturbance rejection by a factor of ten. Within a second implementation, the adaptive feedforward hardware was implemented in place of the feedback control system and was shown to negate both beam transients and phase droop in the klystron amplifier. > |
Preparation and linewidth of 125Sb(Cu) Mössbauer sources | Abstract A recipe for preparing 125 Sb(Cu) Mossbauer sources is given. The fwhm of these sources was found narrow and reproducible and a value of (5.83 ± 0.29) mm/s was observed with a thin ZnTe absorber. |
The genetic analysis on cracks in filling walls and its prevention | According to project examples,the paper has a detailed analysis on the reasons for the cracks in the joints of the filling walls and shearing walls,studies the primary causes for the problem,points out some measures for preventing these cracks,and achieves the effects of stopping and controlling the cracks,so as to ensure the engineer quantity of construct. |
The Evolution of Sea Power Theory and US Naval Transformation in the Twenty-first Century | As one of the most important geopolitics theories,the sea power theory has not only greatly enriched international-relations theory and military theory' but also changes in practice the international strategic patterns,the war mode and even the world as well.The sea power theory has contributed decisively to the rise of the United States to a hegemony power.Without it,the international strategic patterns will make a lot of differences.After reviewing the evolution of the sea power theory,this article has discussed the future development of the sea power theory in light of US naval transformation in the twenty-first Century. |
Research and Status on Enhancement Technology in Shell Side of Tube-shell Heat Exchangers | The defects existed in conventional tube-shell heat exchanger with segmental baffle is pointed out, the structural characteristics, enhanced heat transfer principles, applicable fields and research status of enhanced heat transfer technology in longitudinal flow, plug flow and shooting flow heat exchanger are analyzed and summarized. At last, the development trends of shell-side enhanced heat transfer technology in tube-shell heat exchanger are presented. |
Understanding Enrollment Trends and Participant Characteristics of the Medicaid Buy-In Program, 2003-2004 | Although advances in medicine and technology, in addition to changes in social attitudes, have improved employment opportunities for people with disabilities, their employment rate has fallen since the early 1990s. Inadequate access to private health insurance, which can be expensive and may not cover needed services, is a critical barrier to employment. This report describes enrollment and participation in the Medicaid Buy-In program, part of the federal effort to make it easier for people with disabilities to work without losing health benefits. The report notes that enrollment in the Buy-In program continued growing steadily in 2003 and 2004 and that most program participants had experience with other disability-related public programs when they enrolled in the Buy-In program. |
Note on Large Signal Diode Detection | Several articles have appeared in the last few years on large signal detection, which placed emphasis upon the avoidance or minimizing of distortion. The most serious form of distortion in ordinary diode circuits is due to "nontracking," or the failure of the tube to become conducting for each peak of the impressed voltage. It is shown that the previously derived criterion for just avoiding nontracking is closely connected with the condition for maximum detected signal. Experimental results which revealed the connection are given together with possible explanations for the existing deviations. |
Emergency alternative evaluation under group decision makers: a new method based on entropy weight and DEMATEL | With the increasing occurrence frequency of emergency events, how to select the most desirable alternative has emerged as one critical issue in emergency management. In this paper, we propose a new... |
Effects of quick-frozen dumpling constituents on the cracking ratio | Effects of constituents on the cracking ratio,four brands of wheat flour,pork,cabbage and textured soybean protein were used as main contents of quick-frozen dumpling.The results showed that under the same quick-frozen condition,the cracking ratio of quick-frozen dumpling made of various bands of flour appeared obvious increasing trend with the increasing contents of the water,cabbage and textured protein in dumpling stuffing,the cracking ratio appeared descending trend with the increasing contents of fat. |
Liquid-crystal-based optical time-delay control system for wideband phased arrays | We introduce a novel, time delay-based, transmit-receive mode, remotely located, optical control system for wide instantaneous bandwidth phased arrays. Time delays are achieved using a cascade of free-space and fiber-based optical delay lines using bulk imaging optics for low complexity, two dimensional, free-space optical interconnects. High channel isolation, low insertion loss optical switching between delayed and undelayed paths is based on polarization switching using the low cost nematic liquid crystal arrays and polarizing beam splitters. The system allows for noise reduction via spatial and polarization filtering. A dual- channel time-multiplexed system arrangement is used to implement the fast (e.g., 200 beams/s) radar scan rates using the several millisecond response time nematic liquid crystals. |
The Injuries of Platform Logistics | In order to understand the social impact of digital platforms, we need to examine the ways in which they reconfigure space – not only through critique of that reconfiguring but also examination of ... |
Rabbit Skeletal Muscle Actin Behaves Differently Than Acanthamoeba Actin When Added to Solube Extracts of Acanthamoeba castellanii | Abstract Cold extracts of Acantharnoeba castellanii in polymerizing buffer contain 32 μM unpolymerized actin of which about 20% polymerizes (as measured by ultracentrifugation) when the extract is warmed to 22°C. As quantified by the increase in fluorescence of pyrene-labeled actin, 16% of muscle G-actin and 46% of Acanthamoeba G-actin polynterized when 0.8 μM of each was added to warm extracts of Acanthamoeba . Added muscle F-actin (1.2 μM) rapidly and totally depolymerized and then partially repolymerized whereas 1.2 μM added Acanthamoeba F-actin was stable indefinitely. Furthermore, muscle actin subunits were completely removed from copolymers of muscle and Acanthamoeba F-actin while all the amoeba actin remained polymerized when the copolymers contained at least 50% amoeba actin. These results suggest that exogenous tracer actin may not be an accurate indicator of the dynamics of endogenous actin in extracts and cells. |
Development of intraepithelial lymphocyte in human fetal intestine | The development of intraepithelial lymphocytes(IEL) in small intestine of 62 human fetuses aged from 10 to 38 weeks were investigated with immunohistological and stereological methods. The results showed that the mean gray level and the numerical density increased with the increase of fetal age, but there was no remarkable correlation between the arithmetic mean volume and the ratio of surface to volume and the fetal age. Compared with lamina propria lymphocytes(LPL), the arithmetic mean volume and ratio of surface to volume of IEL were larger than those of LPL and the numerical density of IEL was smaller than that of LPL, while there was no significant difference between the mean gray level of IEL and that of LPL. |
Frequency and scale domain analysis of complex quadrature embolic Doppler ultrasound signals | Early and accurate detection of emboli is important for monitoring of preventive therapy in stroke-prone patients. One of the problems in detection of emboli is the identification of an embolic signal caused by very small emboli. The amplitude of the embolic signal may be so small that advanced processing methods are required to distinguish these signals from Doppler signals arising from red blood cells. The windowed Fourier transform has been widely used by commercial Doppler ultrasonic systems. An alternative approach is the wavelet transform. Here, we present comparison of time-frequency (based on complex fast Fourier transform) and time-scale (based on complex wavelet transform) analysis. The results reveal that the wavelet transform provides an optimized temporal resolution and time localization for analysis and detection of embolic signals. |
Mental Health Care in Italy: Organisational Structure, Routine Clinical Activity and Costs of a Community Psychiatric Service in Lombardy Region | The Magenta Community Mental Health Centre (CMHC) is the public agency responsible for providing adult psychiatric care to about 85,000 adult residents. In 1995, it had 1,145 clients and incurred costs of Euro 1.9 millions. Average cost per patient and per adult resident were Euro 1,661 and Euro 22.2, respectively. These values mask large variation across diagnosis: while patients with schizophrenia and related disorders had an average cost of Euro 3,771, those with neurotic and related disorders had an average cost of Euro 439. Patients with schizophrenia and related disorders (28% of the patients) absorbed about 60% of total costs and made extensive use of several types of services (hospital, outpatient, domiciliary, social and rehabilitative care). Since integrating different types of services is the key element of Italian psychiatric care, the new fee-for-service system adopted by the NHS to fund providers does not appear appropriate, particularly for schizophrenic patients. |
Self-Defence in Ancient and Medieval Natural-Law | This chapter succinctly describes the notion of self-defence in the ancient Greek and Roman conceptions of natural-law. Further, it looks into the early, medieval and reformer Christian theory of natural-law to discern the way in which representative and authoritative writings perceived the temporal dimension and limits of self-defence. The writings of Francisco de Vitoria, Francisco Suarez, Alberico Gentili and Hugo Grotius are given special attention. The aim is to portray the way war and warfare were understood in this natural-law conception in order to map out the Christian normative framework in which the right of self-defence was acknowledged. The chapter draws conclusions as to the content, temporal dimension and limits of self-defence in this framework. |
Electrical Power Setting for Optical Single Side-band Millimeter-wave Generation | A scheme is suggested to generate single side-band millimeter-wave signal. Mathematical analysis is considered for electrical power adjustment. Two Mach-Zehnders are used to up-convert the radio frequency to the 60 GHz range. |
Uncertain lives, uncertain health for children of Latino day laborers. | Latino children of parents who work as day laborers are particularly vulnerable for poor health through economic difficulty and unstable living conditions. The purpose of this community-based participatory research was to explore the perceptions of Latino day laborer parents regarding barriers and assets to health for the children, and to identify strategies for change. Two focus groups were conducted with parent participants and interviews were conducted with community stakeholders. Findings revealed themes of difficulty accessing healthcare, perceptions of poor healthcare, and experiences of fear and chronic uncertainty. Strategies for change included help negotiating the healthcare system, family support, and relationship-based care. Findings give insight into the experience of Latino day laborer parents and inform strategies for community healthcare providers. |
Arbitraje, Conciliación y Mediación en el seno del Consejo Superior de Cooperativas de Euskadi | The paper analyzes cooperative arbitration, conciliation and mediation in the Basque Country, within the Superior Council of Cooperatives of the Basque Country. Published online : 18 December 2015 |
On components of a Kerdock code and the dual of the BCH code $C_{1,3}$ | Abstract In the paper we investigate the structure of i -components of two classes of codes: the Kerdock codes and the duals of the linear uniformly packed codes with parameters of the primitive double-error-correcting BCH code. We prove that for any admissible length the punctured Kerdock code consists of two i -components and the duals of the linear uniformly packed codes with parameters of the primitive double-error-correcting BCH code is an i -component for any i . We give an alternative proof for the fact presented by De Caen and van Dam in 1999 that the restrictions of the Hamming scheme to the doubly shortened Kerdock codes are association schemes. |
Multidimensional Perfectionism Within Gifted Suburban Adolescents: An Exploration of Typology and Comparison of Samples | Researchers explored the typology of perfectionism among 153 (46% male, 54% female; 88% White, 8% African American, 5% Asian American, 4% Hispanic, 1% Other) suburban gifted adolescents and compared perfectionism scores (using the Goals and Work Habits Survey, a modification of Frost’s Multidimensional Perfectionism Scale [F-MPS]) to samples of gifted students from previous studies. Nonhierarchical k-mean cluster analyses revealed a three-type classification of unhealthy, functional, and nonperfectionists; unhealthy perfectionists displayed higher levels of avoidance internalized coping than functional perfectionists, but functional perfectionism was not differentiated by approach-oriented coping. Sample t-tests revealed that the present sample had significantly higher scores of perfectionism (especially unhealthy dimensions) than previous studies. Plausible explanations for higher perfectionism scores include the present educational climate and related cultural factors. Researchers recommend additional a... |
A collocation method for boundary value problems of differential equations with functional arguments | A collocation procedure with polynomial and piecewise polynomial approximation is considered for second order functional differential equations with two side-conditions. The piecewise polynomials are taken in the classC1 and reduce to polynomials of increasing degree on each interval of a suitable assigned partition. Appropriate choices of the partition are made, according to the jump discontinuities in the derivatives caused by the functional argument, in order to optimize the rate of convergence. |
Better user-developer communication in service development by collaborative physical modelling | Making the service use experience visible and facilitating the communication between the users and the provider organisation are persistent challenges. We present a proof of concept for utilising a physical modelling approach called collaborative physical modelling (CPM) to reveal the different stakeholder interpretations of a service and to extract these interpretations in a format that can be easily shared and compared, thus facilitating user-developer communication. To demonstrate the use of this method, CPM is used in three differing cases. Our proof of concept brings relief to managers who understand the need for involving users in the service development but who are constantly bound by limited resources. We encourage managers to take advantage of this low-cost, time-efficient and easy-to-adopt physical modelling approach before jumping into more complicated and resource-intensive methods. |
Effect of Driving Pressure and Nebulizer Model on Aerosol Output during Intermittent Delivery with a Dosimeter | Recent guidelines reinforce the need for a standardized technique during inhalational bronchoprovocation challenge testing. We investigated the effects of nebulizer model and dosimeter driving pressure on nebulizer output using a nebulized saline model. Four nebulizers (Hudson 1720, Salter 8900, Baxter Airlife, and DeVilbiss 644) were evaluated at two driving pressures (20 and 50 pounds per square inch [psi]) via a dosimeter (Salter 700) that delivered a 0.6-sec actuation. Output was determined gravimetrically after 20 actuations of saline at constant respiratory flow and volume. Output per actuation at 20 psi was 2.83 ± 0.41 mg (mean ± SD), 4.58 ± 0.66, 4.75 ± 0.42, and 4.75 ± 1.37 for the Hudson, Salter, Baxter, and DeVilbiss, respectively, and 6.75 ± 0.61 mg, 9.17 ± 0.88, 9.42 ± 1.32, and 9.83 ± 1.75 at 50 psi. The Hudson delivered a lower volume than the other nebulizers (p < 0.0005). At 20 psi, output from the DeVilbiss had greater variability (coefficient of variation = 28.8%) compared to the Baxter... |
Group Hospitalization Insurance | The majority of physicians in this country are well aware that one of the major problems facing them to-day is the attempted inclusion of the professional services of some of them in and as a part of the hospital benefits of group hospitalization plans. The services of radiologists have been included in the group hospitalization insurance plans of Cleveland for some three years and of New York for some two years. Since these hospitalization insurance plans are under lay control and since corporations cannot practise medicine, the implication is that radiology is a hospital and not a medical procedure. Fortunately, in most communities, the weight of opinion of the organized medical profession has been sufficient to persuade persons interested to exclude radiology and other forms of medical practice from these plans. In this connection, it is noteworthy that the first and oldest successful group hospitalization plan, namely, the Baylor Plan, never has had radiology amongst its benefits. Within recent months... |
Platination of the (T2G4)4Telomeric Sequence: A Structural and Cross-Linking Study† | The telomeric sequence (T2G4)4 was platinated in aqueous solutions containing 50 mM LiClO4, NaClO4, or KClO4. The identification of the guanines which reacted with [Pt(NH3)3(H2O)]2+ revealed that the same type of folding exists in the presence of the three cations and that the latter determine the relative stabilities of the G-quadruplex structures in the order K+ > Na+ ≫ Li+. The tri-ammine complex yielded ca. 40−90% of adducts, mono- and poly-platinated, bound to 4 guanines out of the 16 guanines in the sequence, in the decreasing amounts G9 > G15 ≫ G3 > G21. The formation of these adducts was interpreted with a G-quadruplex structure obtained by restrained molecular dynamics (rMD) simulations which confirms the schematic model proposed by Williamson et al. [(1989) Cell 59, 871−880]. The bifunctional complexes cis- and trans-[Pt(NH3)2(H2O)2]2+ also first reacted with G9 and G15 and gave cross-linked adducts between two guanines, which did not exceed 5% each of the products formed. Both the cis and trans... |
A Method of Real Time and Fast Lane Line Detection | In order to effectively realize the feature extraction of road image, reduce the complexity of calculation and the complexity of algorithm and improve the detection accuracy of lane mark, combined with the characteristics of lane line, in this paper, an effective image preprocessing scheme was selected and designed, and a detection method based on segmented ROI model which included close region, sub-close region and respective region was proposed. In the different segmentation region, the SHT method was used to detect and carry out the segmentation method to detect the lane line. The experiment results showed that the method could improve the detection accuracy of the lane line, greatly reduce the amount of data processed and improve the efficiency of the detection time. The real-time performance for the lane line detection could be improved obviously by segmented ROI model. |
Treatment of paper and pulp mill effluent by coagulation. | Pulp and paper mill effluent is highly polluting and is a subject of great environmental concern. In the present research we studied the removal of chemical oxygen demand (COD) and colour from paper mill effluent, using the coagulation process. A batch coagulation study was conducted using various coagulants such as aluminium chloride (AlCl3), polyaluminium chloride (PAC) and copper sulphate (CuSO4·5H20). The initial pH of the effluent had a tremendous effect on the COD and colour removal. The PAC reduced COD by 83% and reduced colour by 92% at an optimum pH of 5.0 and a coagulant dose of 8 mL L−1. With AlCl3, at an optimum pH of 4.0 and a coagulant dose of 5 g L−1, 72% COD removal and 84% colour removal were observed. At an optimum pH of 6.0 and a mass loading of 5 g L−1, 76% COD reduction and 78% colour reduction were obtained with copper sulphate. It was also observed that, after addition of coagulant, the pH of the effluent decreased. The decrease in the pH was highest with AlCl3, followed by PAC and ... |
Study on Ternary Supramolecular Systems of β-Cyclodextrin-ICT Fluorescent Probe-Bovine Serum Albumins by Fluorescence Spectrometry | The inclusion interactions of β-cyclodextrin(β-CD) and hydroxyproyl-β-cyclodextrin(HP-β-CD) with an intramolecular charge transfer fluorescentprobe1-keto-2-(p-dimethylaminobenzal)-tetrohydronaphthalene(KDTN) were studied by fluorescence spectrometry.The formation constants of KDTN-CDs and the inclusion ratio were measured,and the supramolecular system of the CDs-KDTN and bovine serum albumins(BSA) was studied.The results showed that β-CDs,KDTN and BSA could form a 1∶1∶1 ternary complexs.The inclusion of the β-CDs with KDTN was benificial to the reaction of KDTN with BSA,and the binding constants of the ternary compexs were greater than that of KDTN with BSA. |
Effects of caffeine use and ingestion on a protracted visual vigilance task | College students (12 female, 12 male) were assigned to either higher caffeine user (HCU) or lower caffeine user (LCU) groups based on a caffeine usage survey. Prior to testing, subjects ingested either placebo or 195 or 325 mg caffeine. They then performed a visual vigilance task measuring response blocks, discrete response (hits and false alarms), reaction times, and a Mood Check List using a double-blind design. HCU made significantly fewer hits, more false alarms, and also responded faster than LCU. No significant main effects of caffeine administration were found. In the mood analyses, male subjects were more anxious at the end of the experiment. Overall, the user factor (HCU versus LCU) was the most potent experimental variable. |
A cross-language study of perception of lexical stress in English. | This study investigates the question of whether language background affects the perception of lexical stress in English. Thirty native English speakers and 30 native Chinese learners of English participated in a stressed-syllable identification task and a discrimination task involving three types of stimuli (real words/pseudowords/hums). The results show that both language groups were able to identify and discriminate stress patterns. Lexical and segmental information affected the English and Chinese speakers in varying degrees. English and Chinese speakers showed different response patterns to trochaic vs. iambic stress across the three types of stimuli. An acoustic analysis revealed that two language groups used different acoustic cues to process lexical stress. The findings suggest that the different degrees of lexical and segmental effects can be explained by language background, which in turn supports the hypothesis that language background affects the perception of lexical stress in English. |
Effect of urea additions on structure formation during the separation of hydrocellulose from viscose | It has been shown by electron microscopy that the formation of two types of structure is possible on spinning model films from viscose into precipitation baths containing additions of urea: finely heterogeneous and cellular. |
Continued high activity of figitumumab (CP-751,871) combination therapy in squamous lung cancer | 8072 Background: Figitumumab (CP-751,871) is a fully human, IgG2monoclonal antibody against the insulin-like growth factor type I receptor (IGF-IR). We reported in a randomized phase II study (ASCO 2008), preliminary evidence of high activity of the combination of paclitaxel (T), carboplatin (C) and figitumumab (F) in advanced treatment-naive NSCLC of squamous cell histology (n=11 pts). A single arm trial extension cohort was conducted to confirm those findings. Methods: Fifty-six pts with non-adenocarcinoma NSCLC were enrolled. Pts received T (200 mg/m2), C (AUC of 6) and F (20 mg/kg) q3weeks for up to 6 cycles; pts with response (PR) or stable disease were eligible to continue F as single agent until disease progression. Statistical hypotheses were 30% (null) versus 50% (response of interest). Protein expression of the IGF-IR in core tumor biopsies was quantified using automated quantitative analysis (AQUA) technology. Results: Pts were 72% male, 28% >70 years old and 91% stage IV. Median number of trea... |
Bayesian wavelet-based image estimation using noninformative priors | The sparseness and decorrelation properties of the discrete wavelet transform have been exploited to develop powerful denoising methods. Most schemes use arbitrary thresholding nonlinearities with ad hoc parameters, or employ computationally expensive adaptive procedures. We overcome these deficiencies with a new wavelet-based denoising is a step towards objective Bayesian wavelet-based denoising. The result is a remarkably simple fixed non-linear shrinkage/thresholding rule which performs better than other more computationally demanding methods.© (1999) COPYRIGHT SPIE--The International Society for Optical Engineering. Downloading of the abstract is permitted for personal use only. |
The impact of vehicle motion during transport on animal welfare. | Motion sickness is a common response in humans and some species of farm livestock during transport, but research on the impact of motion has been primarily focused on the use of animal models for humans. During livestock transportation, animals seek to minimise uncontrolled movements to reduce energy consumption and maintain posture. Road and sea transport of livestock can produce motion sickness and stress responses. Clinical signs are the result of autonomous nervous system activation. Studies conducted on road transportation effects in domestic animals showed several motion sickness behaviours including vomiting and, in ruminants, a reduction in rumination. However, there is a lack of knowledge on the impact of sea transport motion. Despite the paucity of data on livestock, there is sufficient evidence to believe that motion might affect animal welfare when animals are transported by road or sea. |
Optimization Design of Two Dimensional Vibrating Platforms Using Dual Flexure Hinge Structure | In this paper, a 2-D vibrating platform is designed using dual flexure hinge structure and four significant structural parameters are optimized with the integrated model of Abaqus and Isight so as to improve the platform performance. The natural frequency is increased from 496.3 Hz to 2360 Hz after optimization while the distance of travel and the stress satisfy the constrains. The optimization results are confirmed with the test data. The optimized 2-D vibrating platform is applied into the micro milling and the machined surface quality is improved. Therefore, the optimized 2-D vibrating platform is a valid equipment to carry out 2-D vibration-assisted micro milling and study the cutting mechanism. |
Chiral Control of Current Transfer in Molecules | Electron transmission through chiral molecules induced by circularly polarized light can be very different for mirror image structures. This behavior is described in terms of current transfer: the transfer of both charge and momentum. We review recent theoretical developments on the theory of current transfer and discuss related experimental studies of electron transmission through chiral molecular structures adsorbed on surfaces. |
Understanding non-ideal voltage behaviour of cathodes for lithium-ion batteries | One of the most relevant negative characteristics of high-capacity cathodes for lithium batteries is indeed non-flat voltage–time (V–t) or voltage–capacity (V–C) behaviour during charge–discharge. A clear rationale for this behaviour has not yet been addressed in the literature. Here, by means of density functional theory (DFT) calculations corroborated by basic experimental electrochemical characterization, we investigated both the thermodynamic and the kinetic aspects relevant to voltage variations during charge–discharge of Li2FeSiO4 intended as a model case. A simple physical model allowed us to take into account all the experimental evidence. We suggested that voltage deviations from its theoretical value are due to the formation of undesired delithiated structures caused by concentration gradients. We also related voltage behaviour to relevant quantities such as reaction energies, lithium diffusion coefficients, and particle size, so suggesting some strategies for optimization of materials. |
Source investigation of two outbreaks of skin and soft tissue infection by Mycobacterium abscessus subsp. abscessus in Venezuela | Outbreaks of soft tissue or skin infection due to non-tuberculous mycobacteria are reported frequently in scientific journals but in general the infection source in these outbreaks remains unknown. In Venezuela, in two distinct outbreaks, one after breast augmentation surgery and another after hydrolipoclasy therapy, 16 patients contracted a soft tissue infection due to Mycobacterium abscessus subsp. abscessus. Searching for the possible environmental infection sources in these outbreaks, initially the tap water (in the hydrolipoclasy therapy outbreak) and a surgical skin marker (in the breast implant surgery outbreak), were identified as the infection sources. Molecular typing of the strains with a variable number tandem repeat typing assay confirmed the tap water as the infection source but the molecular typing technique excluded the skin marker. We discuss the results and make a call for the implementation of stringent hygiene and disinfection guidelines for cosmetic procedures in Venezuela. |
[The effect of pulsatile perfusion on aortocoronary bypass grafting]. | To evaluate the effect of pulsatile perfusion on myocardial protection and peripheral circulation, 23 patients undergoing aortocoronary bypass grafting were studied by dividing two groups; one with pulsatile perfusion technique (11 patients) and the other with non-pulsatile (12 patients). The cardiac functional assessments were made on CI, LVSWI, PCWP, CVP at 3, 6, 12 and 24 hours after the operation and the enzyme (CPK, CPK-MB, LDH, GOT) sampling were performed on 1, 2, 4 and 7 days after the operation. The difference between esophageal and rectal temperature, and urine output during cardiopulmonary bypass, indicating the peripheral circulation, were also measured. From these clinical results, it is concluded that pulsatile perfusion method is to be beneficial in myocardial protection and peripheral circulation during operation of aortocoronary bypass grafting. |
Zeroes of Riemann's zeta function on the critical line with 20000 decimal digits accuracy | The first 12000 zeroes of Riemann's zeta function on the critical line with 20000 decimal digits accuracy. Format: the zeroes are in text file listed consecutively in decimal representation, each zero starts on a new line. Zeroes of zeta function presented in this file were calculated on MASSIVE cluster (www.massive.org.au) using Python and packages MPmath version 0.17 and gmpy version 2.1, with a Newton based algorithm proposed by Fredrik Johansson with precision set to 20000 decimal digits. Partial recalculation with higher precision didn't show any loss of accuracy so we expect that the values are correct up to, possibly, a few last digits. We express our thanks to Fredrik Johansson for this algorithm and for development of MPmath as well. |
The effect of electrical stimulation of the hepatic branch of the vagus nerve on the secretion of gastric acid in the rat | Abstract Electrical stimulation of the hepatic vagus nerve brought a transient increase in acid concentration in a perfusate collected from the stomach. These observations suggest that there might be a neural system which modulates the secretion of gastric acid through hepatic vagal afferents and gastric vagal efferents. |
THE DECOMPOSITION AND ANALYSIS OF THE IMPACT OF PRIORITY FOREST PROGRAMS(PFPS) ON RURAL HOUSEHOLDS' INCOME INEQUALITY | The author uses 3 096 sample households in 15 counties from the year 1995 to 2006 to analyze the impact of PFPs on rural households' income inequality by income inequality decomposition.The research indicates that:(1) the percentage of subsidy income generated from PFPs has increased 8.03% during the period from 1995 to 2006;(2) the contribution of subsidy income generated from PFPs has been up from 0.330 7% in 1995 to 3.794 1% in 2006;(3) the policy-caused subsidy income inequality is more prominent than that caused by the planned regions of PFPs.Therefore a rational policy adjustment of PFPs will contribute more to poverty reduction in China's rural areas. |
Structure and reactivity of a preactivated sp2-sp3 diboron reagent: catalytic regioselective boration of α,β-unsaturated conjugated compounds. | A novel sp(2)-sp(3) diboron reagent has been developed for the copper-catalyzed β-boration of α,β-unsaturated conjugated compounds. The reaction proceeds under mild conditions with various substrates, i.e., α,β-unsaturated esters, ketones, nitriles, ynones, amides, and aldehydes, in the absence of additives such as phosphine and sodium tert-butoxide to provide β-borylhomoenolates in good to excellent yields. The presence of an sp(3)-hybridized boron center, unambigously confirmed by X-ray crystallography, sufficiently activates the unsymmetrical pinacolato diisopropanolaminato diboron (PDIPA diboron, 2) to transfer the sp(2)-hybridized boron moiety chemoselectively. These observations suggest that the activation of one of the boron atoms is an essential step in the Cu-catalyzed β-boration catalytic cycle. |
Exchange Rate and World Currency | This paper explores the derivation of exchange rate and the way of world currency issuing, and some findings are captured as: the world’s currency demand is equal to the global export increment, and that every nation’s world currency needs should equal to their own export increment. Currently, there are issues with the existing world currency system, which many countries or regions call for change. Because all the existing proposals in the field have their constraints, so this paper suggests that the world central bank issuing a global currency with which each country would take its own share and maintain that the world currency supply to be equal to the global export increments. This will be more sustainable for international business and this theory of world currency does have advantage over existing systems. |
Face super-resolution using 8-connected Markov Random Fields with embedded prior | In patch based face super-resolution method, the patch size is usually very small, and neighbor patchespsila relationship via overlapped regions is only to keep smoothness of reconstructed high-resolution image, so the prior is not always strong enough to regularize super-resolution when observed low-resolution image lose facial structure information. We propose to use Gaussian Mixture Model(GMM) to learn facial prior embedded between un-overlapped regions of neighbor patches. This approach, which has never been used to regularize face super-resolution before, usually works as a potential function in 8-connected Markov Random Fields (MRFs) with belief propagation. In the proposed algorithm, we assign high probability to the neighbor candidate patches that express correct facial structure, and others not. Experiments demonstrate that our method is superior in preserving smoothness and recovers facial structure and local details when low-resolution image lost the details of facial structure. |
Slavery, the Labour Movement and Spanish Colonialism in Cuba, 1850–1890 | Nineteenth-century Cuban colonial and slave society sharply divided its inhabitants by race and ethnicity. These race and ethnicity divisions, and the formidable repressive apparatus necessary to sustain slavery and colonialism, hindered the emergence of a class identity among the urban popular classes. However, this oppressive atmosphere created working and living conditions that compelled workers of diverse ethnicity and race to participate, increasingly, in collective action together. Free labour shared many of the adversities imposed on unfree labour, which led the emerging Cuban labour movement, first to oppose the use of unfree labour in the factories, and later, to become openly abolitionist. |
FGD retrofit cost-estimating computer model | In 1985 EPA promulgated regulations to reduce SO/sub 2/ emissions via the ''tall stack'' ruling. These activities have generated much interest in developing site-specific FGD costs. As a result, Stearns Catalytic Corporation (SCC) developed a method to determine the cost of retrofitting flue Gas Desulfurization (FGD) systems on utility plants. This work was sponsored by the Electric Power Research Institute (EPRI) and a report was issued, titled ''Retrofit FGD Cost-Estimating Guidelines.'' As a follow-on effort, SCC computerized this estimating procedure. The computer model presented in this paper is based on the detailed cost-estimating methodology of the above report with several enhancements. |
The effects of non-ideal factors on clutter cancellation in DTMB-based passive radar | This paper is intended to investigate the effects of non-ideal factors related to reference signal reconstruction technique on clutter cancellation performance in DTMB-based passive radar. The considered non-ideal factors are carrier frequency offset, sampling frequency offset and sampling time offset. These effects can not only degrade the clutter cancellation gain but also cause false side peaks in the Doppler dimension and certain range cells. The analyses are verified by experimental data, which also show a significant improvement on target detection when these non-ideal factors are compensated. |
Substance abuse in Maryland: what physicians can do to help. | Based on national prevalence studies and Maryland data, one out of 2 adults has used alcohol in the past month, one out of 4 has used cigarettes, and one out of 16 has used one or more illicit drugs. Annual prevalence rates are considerably higher, as are current rates for certain subgroups, including unemployed persons, young adults, certain racial and ethnic minorities, residents of metropolitan areas, men, and women in their childbearing years. Ten percent of persons age 12 or over need treatment for substance abuse, but less than one quarter of those receive it. Physician interventions with patients who are substance abusers have been shown to be effective, but physicians frequently do not detect their patients' alcohol or other drug abuse. Suggestions are offered to help physicians improve their ability to identify and treat or to refer patients with substance abuse problems. |
Measurement of mutual scattering effects between spheres using a microwave open resonator | An open resonator operating at 10 GHz is used to determine the extinction cross-section of pairs of spheres, and hence mutual behaviour in scattering is investigated as the distance between the spheres of a pair is varied. The cases studied are for three different orientations of the line between spheres' centres with respect to the direction of the electric field of the wave. Mainly the mutual scattering properties of steel spheres are measured but the work is extended to other metallic spheres and dielectric spheres. A simple theory is described for one of the orientations and forms a basis for discussion of the experimental results. |
Genome-wide Association Study on INF-γin Jinghai Yellow Chicken | In order to reveal the molecular marker that influenced Jinghai Yellow chicken's INF-γlevel.This research was based on female Jinghai Yellow chicken in core group and had measured the INF-γconcentration in serum.Genome-wide association study was carried out using specificlocus amplified fragment sequencing technology to detect SNP associated with this trait.Finally,one SNP that potentially associated with INF-γwas detected and it reached the chromosome significant level.This SNP was located in MYOM1 gene on chromosome 2.The cellular component,molecular function and biological process were analyzed using GO database.Furthermore,the result showed that MYOM1 gene was an important candidate genes affecting INF-γin Jinghai Yellow chicken. |
Hemostasis Parameters and Toxic Effects of 3-Substituted and Condensed Chromen-2-Ones (Coumarins) | Biochemical investigations of 3-substituted chromen-2-ones (coumarins) and those condensed with biologically active azaheterocycles assessed their toxic effects and influence on the blood-coagulation system. The studied group of compounds behaved in the initial time period like the well-known anticoagulant warfarin and exhibited insignificant toxic effects. |
Crossover and multicriticality due to the Dzyaloshinsky-Moriya interaction | We show that the addition of a Dzyaloshinsky-Moriya interaction to a Heisenberg ferromagnet introduces only one crossover exponent, which is the same as for the usual uniaxial anisotropy. This result is in contrast to a previous report by Liu. |
THE CONTROL OF TYPHOID FEVER IN CITY AND COUNTRY: WITH A DESCRIPTION OF A MODIFIED HESSE'S MEDIUM FOR THE DETECTION OF THE TYPHOID BACILLUS IN EXCRETA AND FLUID FOODS | Before describing the various methods for the control of the spread of typhoid fever and the assistance rendered to these measures by means of a modified Hesse's medium, we shall first describe the manufacture of this medium and its uses and limitations in the detection of the typhoid bacillus. MANUFACTURE OF MEDIUM Jackson1in his article describes very thoroughly the evolution of a differential medium for the typhoid bacillus but as the latest medium seems to be the most successful, we shall simply describe Hesse's semifluid medium, including our own modification, quoting from the aforementioned article in a somewhat condensed manner. The formula of the medium is as follows: Before using, the agar should be dried at 105 C. for half an hour to free it from all moisture. This medium should be kept in an ice-chest, the air of which is artificially provided with moisture. The |
Atomically Dispersed Pd, Ni, and Pt Species in Ceria-Based Catalysts: Principal Differences in Stability and Reactivity | We have investigated the stability and the reactivity of atomically dispersed Pt, Pd, and Ni species on nanostructured CeO2 films by means of synchrotron radiation photoelectron spectroscopy and resonant photoemission spectroscopy in combination with density functional calculations. All three metals reveal specific similarities associated with the high adsorption energy of atomically dispersed Pt2+, Pd2+, and Ni2+ species that exceeds the corresponding cohesive energies of the bulk metals. The corresponding Pt–CeO2, Pd–CeO2, and Ni–CeO2 model catalysts have been prepared in the form of thin films on CeO2(111)/Cu(111) substrates and investigated experimentally under ultrahigh vacuum conditions. The atomically dispersed Pt2+, Pd2+, and Ni2+ species were formed exclusively at low concentrations of the corresponding metals. High concentrations resulted in the presence of additional metal oxide phases and emergence of metallic particles. We found that under the employed experimental conditions the Pd–CeO2 film... |
Influence of Bulk and Interface Porosity on the Adhesion of Sintered Ag Films on Barium Titanate Substrates | Measurements of the practical adhesion of screen-printed Ag films on BaTiO 3 substrates have been completed, showing that the interfacial crack propagation energy decreases rapidly with increasing silver volume porosity. A geometrical model is proposed to estimate the interface porosity, which is relevant for adhesion concerns, in function of the volume porosity of the sintered silver layer. Experimental results present more consistent tendencies after this transcription. |
Epicatechin and its methylated metabolite attenuate UVA-induced oxidative damage to human skin fibroblasts | The ultraviolet A component of sunlight causes both acute and chronic damage to human skin. In this study the potential of epicatechin, an abundant dietary flavanol, and 3'-O-methyl epicatechin, one of its major in vivo metabolites, to protect against UVA-induced damage was examined using cultured human skin fibroblasts as an in vitro model. The results obtained clearly show that both epicatechin and its metabolite protect these fibroblasts against UVA damage and cell death. The hydrogen-donating antioxidant properties of these compounds are probably not the mediators of this protective response. The protection is a consequence of induction of resistance to UVA mediated by the compounds and involves newly synthesized proteins. The study provides clear evidence that this dietary flavanol has the potential to protect human skin against the deleterious effects of sunlight. |
Public perceptions of the seriousness of crime: Weighing the harm and the wrong: | The seriousness of crime or ‘crime seriousness’ bears on at least four areas of criminal policy (sentencing, criminalization, crime control and prevention) but is poorly defined. After providing a ... |
Incorporating Stress Estimation into User-Centred Agent-Based Platforms | Current virtual environments for communication, cooperation and problem solving lack the rich context information that is present in face-to-face interactions. People rely on this context information, that includes body language or level of stress just to name a few, to take decisions. In this paper we present an approach whose objective is to be able to acquire context information about the users of such technological tools, making that information available for the tool and eventually to other people. We present a prototype being developed in the context of an agent-based conflict resolution platform. As a result, we achieve communication and problem solving virtual environments that are richer and closer to traditional environments, allowing people and software agents to take better and more rational decisions. |
Ultra-high strength concrete and concrete part produced therefrom | Ultra high performance concrete prepared from cement, aggregates, water, additives and auxiliary agents, wherein the aggregate 800 comprises kg to 1300 kg per cubic meter of concrete crushed basalt. The ultra high-strength concrete suitable for the manufacture of concrete structures by spin coating. |
Flight Validation of a Rotary-Valved Four-Cylinder Pulse Detonation Rocket | A rotary-valved four-cylinder pulse detonation rocket engine system, Todoroki II, was developed, in which two novel techniques, the use of an inflow-driven motor and an inverted oxidizer cylinder, were introduced. The total length of the system was 1910 mm; its total weight when filled with ethylene–nitrous-oxide propellant and helium purge gas was 32.5 kg; and the engine weight was 9.6 kg. In a ground firing test with a duration of 1500 ms, a thrust-to-engine-weight ratio of 2.7 was achieved. Thus, it was demonstrated that a multicylinder pulse detonation rocket engine system can be used as a practical thrust mechanism. Using a launch and recovery system, a flight-simulating test was conducted to evaluate the features and viability of the engine design. The launch and recovery system operated perfectly, and Todoroki II reached a height of about 9.7 m. The operation of the pulse detonation rocket engine under conditions simulating real vertical flight without constraint forces with a duration of about 120... |
Utilization of biogas for generator set fuel: performance and emission characteristics | The aim of the work is to investigate performance and exhaust gas emission of spark ignition generator set fueled with gasoline, biogas, and liquefied petroleum gas (LPG). Engine speed, brake power, torque, brake-specific fuel consumption (BSFC), brake thermal efficiency (BTE) CO2, and HC in exhaust gas of the generator are compared for each fuel at variation electric load. The result indicates engine speed decreases as increasing electric load for all fuel. The performances of the generator in terms of brake power and torque are almost similar when fed by gasoline, biogas, or LPG. From measured CO2 and HC in exhaust gas, gasoline burn more effective during combustion stage in present work. However, in terms of BSFC and BTE, biogas fuel gives better result than either gasoline or LPG. |
Maximizing energy coupling to complex plasmonic devices by injecting light into eigenchannels | Surface plasmon polaritons have attracted broad attention in the optoelectronics field due to their ability to merge nanoscale electronics with high-speed optical communication. As the complexity of optoelectronic devices increases to meet various needs, this integration has been hampered by the low coupling efficiency of light to plasmonic modes. Here we present a method to maximize the coupling of far-field optical waves to plasmonic waves for arbitrarily complex devices. The method consists of experimentally identifying the eigenchannels of a given nanostructure and shaping the wavefront of incident light to a particular eigenchannel that maximizes the generation of plasmonic waves. Our proposed approach increases the coupling efficiency almost four-fold with respect to the uncontrolled input. Our study will help to facilitate the integration of electronics and photonics. |
Psychopathic Traits During Early Childhood: Stable Over Time or Rapidly Changing? | Although research has shown psychopathic traits to be moderately to highly stable in late childhood and adolescence, little is known about stability in early childhood, specifically in preschool ag ... |
Effect of PAF-antagonists on aeroallergen-induced bronchial eosinophilia in guinea pigs: a therapeutic approach. | Aeroallergen-induced eosinophilia in actively sensitized guinea pigs was used as a marker of bronchial inflammation in this study. Drugs were administered p.o. therapeutically, i.e., four hours after aeroallergen challenge. Allergic bronchial eosinophilia in guinea pigs was sensitive to dexamethasone. Thus, the therapeutic approach appears to be a reliable, predictable, and sensitive for the evaluation and selection of potential bronchial anti-inflammatory compounds. PAF-antagonists (WEB-2086, WEB-2170, and E-6123) and a 5-lipoxygenase inhibitor (E-6080) did not influence allergen-induced eosinophil infiltration in the bronchoalveolar lavage fluid. These observations seem to suggest that therapeutic administration of PAF antagonists and leukotriene synthesis inhibitors exert little or no inhibitory effect on the progression of late-phase allergic bronchial inflammation in this model. |
Evaluation of Trends in the use of the Internet by Pharmacy Publications: An Observational Study | Purpose: An observational study was conducted to identify and evaluate trends in the use of the Internet and social media by pharmacy publications.Methods: The print and online versions of 10 pharmacy publications were compared at 2 different times separated by 3 years for similarities and differences in content and presentation. Characteristics and functions were evaluated for online publications, including subscription requirements for online access, the dates of online archived material, pre- and postpublication features, e-mail notifications, hyperlinks, and the use of social media and other specialty applications.Results: Between 2007 and 2010, online functionality of selected pharmacy publications increased in 52% (12/23) of the features assessed; among these expanded features, the median percent increase was 20%. The 2 most prevalent online features among publications in 2007 and 2010 were article availability in portable document format (pdf) and the ability to submit articles online. The online f... |
Stable Isotopic Compositions of Carbonates from the Mesoproterozoic Delhi Supergroup, Northwestern India | Marine carbonate rocks from the Delhi Supergroup show little deviation in whole-rock δ13Ccarb values, which are generally around 0% PDB. This narrow range and almost constant δ13Ccarb values persist despite close sampling through long, geographically widespread sections. The data suggest that, in contrast to the Neoproterozoic, the global rate of organic carbon burial was probably constant during deposition of the Delhi Supergroup, and perhaps generally during the Mesoproterozoic, as was the redox state of the atmosphere and hydrosphere. |
Predictors of first year computing science student failure | There is an abundance of research on Higher and Further education student attrition issues. This study addresses student attrition in the Computing Science course at the University of Glasgow. Following up a project by Roddan (2002), a number of variables were investigated with the aim of building a predictive model of students at risk of failure. Instruments utilising the Tinto Student Integration Model (1975), indicated that academic integration factors explained a significant amount of the variance in first year student exam performance. Results are presented and discussed, and recommendations for further research are made. |
Thinking about Inspiring Student's Learning Propulsion | This article suggests some ideas of enhancing research for students' learning propulsion system,aiming at the present students' learning situation in the colleges,in some aspects,such as cultivating and wakening students' good learning motivation,exerting teachers' effect,and bringing better educating environment. |
What I Never Wanted to Tell You: Therapeutic Letter Writing in Cultural Context | Therapeutic letter writing has been viewed by psychologists as a powerful form of creative writing in health care settings. I explore the cultural contexts that have aided its popularization to shed fresh light on debates about its psychological function and efficacy. I draw on the sociologist Frank Furedi’s analysis of ‘therapy culture’ to argue that contemporary ideologies of the vulnerable self have stimulated this practice, particularly in the form of letters written not-to-be-sent. I conclude by considering models of developmental letter writing that attempt to challenge these ideologies, including narrative therapists’ provocative method of corresponding with clients. |
The Verb to be in the West Saxon Gospels and the Lindisfarne Gospels | This paper examines the distribution and use of the twofold present tense paradigms of the Old English verb bēon ‘to be’ in the late West Saxon Gospels (WSG) and the Northumbrian gloss to the Lindisfarne Gospels (LiGl). The analysis confirms the frequently claimed semantic distinction of the paradigms. It furthermore shows that the choice of a form of OE bēon mostly depended on the tense and mood of its Latin equivalent, but it also illustrates that the translators of the two Gospel versions took the context into account. Quantitative differences of the forms in the two manuscripts are due to multiple glosses in Lindisfarne , the use of alternative forms to OE bēon in the West Saxon Gospels and the partly different morphology of the verb in Northumbrian. |
A visit to project software libraries with the eyes of software quality | The author highlights the structure of, the progression of, the changes to, the controls, needed, and the overall psychology of a proper project software library. Project software libraries can exist in a combination of forms and can be partitioned into several levels. As the project progresses, more information becomes available. The originators, customers, or any interested party can propose changes, but these cannot be incorporated without approval by designated authority. Computer code requires facilitation of several levels of code control. The computer-based library is partitioned to restrict access to various directories and files. The existence of a software library is a function of project size, duration, phase, contractual requirements, and development methodology, which establishes a psychology of control. > |
Status Quo and Strategies for Development of Economical Hotels in China | As star hotels develop fast, yet there is always a gap of the supply of economical hotels in our country. And there are many problems, for example the unreasonable price, the single management mode, the lack of a chain of famous and large economical hotels group. China faced by the obstacles that hold back the development of economical hotels in China, this paper discusses the status quo and development of economical hotels in China. |
About Lyapunov functionals construction for difference equations with continuous time | Abstract Stability investigation of hereditary systems is connected often with construction of Lyapunov functionals. One general method of Lyapunov functionals construction was proposed and developed in [1–9] both for differential equations with aftereffect and for difference equations with discrete time. Here, some modification of Lyapunov-type stability theorem is proposed, which allows one to use this method for difference equations with continuous time also. |
Integration of air gaps based on selective ozone/TEOS deposition into a multi layer metallization scheme | The electrical properties of copper metal lines within an air gap scheme were measured and compared to structures without air gaps. Two metal layers with air gap structures using a close-off processing scheme with selective ozone TEOS deposition were fabricated. With these air gaps, an effective k of as low as 2.3 could be achieved |
Application of the PLD in Measuring System of Grating Torque Sensor | A new kind of torque sensor based on simple structure and high measuring accuracy that uses the Programmable Logic Devices to process data sign is introduced, which is called the measuring system of grating torque sensor. Firstly, it explains the principle and characteristic of the programmable logic devices,then it introduces the principle and structure of grating torque sensor,finally it describes the correlative technology of the applied design of the PLD and the realization of this system. According to the results of experiments,the application of the PLD has the simpler structure and the better capability and the better secrecy than those separate elements,which is an ideal electrocircuit design method. |
An extension of the close quartic Bézier curves with given tangent polygon | An algorithm for constructing an extension of the close quartic Bezier curves which are tangent to the given polygon is described.The control points of an extension of the close quartic Bezier curves to be constructed are computed easily by the vertices of the given polygon.The constructed curves are shape-preserving to the polygon.The local modification to the extension of the close quartic Bezier curves can be completed by simply adjusting the corresponding control parameters.One example is given. |
A classification-tree hybrid method for studying prognostic models in intensive care | Health care effectiveness and effciency axe under constant scrutiny especially when treatment is quite costly as in Intensive Care (IC). At the heart of quality of care programs lie prognostic models whose predictions for a particular patient population may be used as a norm to which actual outcomes of that population can be compared. This paper motivates and suggests a method based on Machine Learning and Statistical ideas to study the behavior of current IC prognostic models for predicting in-hospital mortality. An application of this method to an exemplary logistic regression model developed on the IC data from the National Intensive Care Evaluation registry reveals the model's weaknesses and suggests ways for developing improved prognostic models |
Simulation Research and Experimental Study on System Matching of CO_2 Air Conditioning for Vehicles | The system model is established for CO2 auto-mobile air conditioning based on the commercial thermal management software KULI.In this paper the effect of intermediate heat exchanger length,as well as the throttle area on cooling capacity and COP are mainly focused on.And results indicate that the most appropriate intermediate heat exchanger length is 1000 mm,while throttle area is 0.7 mm2 when the system matches the best with the components.Finally,a bench test for the optimal matching system is conducted to verify stability and performance is tested.The experimental cooling capacity and COP are respectively less than the simulation results of 18.2% and 13.6%. |
Web-based ERP Systems : With a focus on SMEs | Web-based Enterprise Resource Planning (ERP) Systems deployed through theSoftware-as-a-Service (SaaS) model are a major disruptive technology in the fieldof ERP systems. The defining features of th ... |
Experimental investigation of the direct absorption receiver concept | This paper describes the results of an experimental analysis of a flowing-film liquid direct absorption receiver (DAR) concept. Results of a numerical model of the thermal performance are also included. Experiments were conducted with concentrated solar flux at the Advanced Components Test Facility (ACTF) in Atlanta, Ga. Data are presented that support analysis of the film stability at high and low flow rates, thermal efficiency, and heat transfer (between the salt and the absorber plate). Comparisons of the data with analytical predictions of thermal efficiency and heat transfer were favorable and suggest a thermal efficiency of 80–90%, depending on operating temperature and flux. Heat transfer coefficients (for the undoped salt) of about 3000 W/m2 °C were observed. No flow instabilities at high flow rates (Reynolds number up to 1200) were observed; however, a dry-out problem for flow rates below that was observed, which may be caused by experimental artifacts. |
Human Nature and Modernist Ethics | I argue that the modernist synthesis of the higher self and dehumanized art prepares the way for the Age of Biotech. The high modernists went "out of nature" to recreate man and morality. The critical heirs of modernism, including postmodernists, inherit this ambitious effort — the modernist moral project. The roads of modernism run from the City of Art in Yeats's Byzantium poems, through the dehumanized aesthetic of Woolf and others, to the postmodernist deconstruction of character, as well as to the democratic vistas of John Dewey and Freeman Dyson. |
Research on Resource Utilization of New Chromium Residue Produced by Sub-moltensalt Method——Leaching by Ammonium Chloride | The chromium residue produced during production of chrome oxide green by sub-moltensalt method contains potassium and a lot of magnesium,so it is difficult to be recycle.A new green chemical process for disposing the new chromium residue has been researched,and feasible processing parameters were achieved.The new process for recycling the chromium residue,thoroughly eliminating the dangerous,and building new chemical engineering circulation economic system of chromium salt was presented. |
A Combined Knowledge and Hypermedia System to Attain Educational Objectives | Knowledge systems can be a valuable educational tool. Unfortunately, understanding and learning from such a system, is not a trivial matter. From our experience, we have concluded that the difficulties emerging in connection to this situation may be cente |