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Sequencing the DNA in a scoop of dirt can tell scientists what creatures are living nearby, a new study using soil from safari parks shows, and the amount of DNA present can even tell how many individuals of each species there are, which could allow field biologists to get preliminary surveys of species. But though the... | <urn:uuid:046c4c60-e012-45e8-8c8d-b75aba3d33a3> | 3.046875 | 1,074 | Content Listing | Science & Tech. | 41.204243 | 1,800 |
Date of this Version
Published in Chem. Eng. Technol. (2011) 34:12, 1989–1996. DOI: 10.1002/ceat.201100353
Sugarcane bagasse was partially acetylated to enhance its oil-wicking ability in saturated environments while holding moisture for hydrocarbon biodegradation. The water sorption capacity of raw bagasse was reduced... | <urn:uuid:c424336a-d59f-47a6-a7f0-dd5aafde6626> | 2.609375 | 205 | Truncated | Science & Tech. | 15.744235 | 1,801 |
Download Full Text (938 KB)
To understand the climate variability and weather prediction in the Earth’s atmosphere, measurements of winds, temperature and wave activities are very crucial. The Earth’s atmosphere is believed to act as a source and sink for the waves of a broader spectrum with periods from few seconds to... | <urn:uuid:18244538-150f-4cef-8e9c-2fbf3d6ef73e> | 3.71875 | 348 | Knowledge Article | Science & Tech. | 20.532846 | 1,802 |
The following methods can be defined to emulate numeric objects. Methods corresponding to operations that are not supported by the particular kind of number implemented (e.g., bitwise operations for non-integral numbers) should be left undefined.
%, divmod() pow()
|). For instance, to evaluate the expression x
+y, wher... | <urn:uuid:6d180ad6-d124-4b8e-a711-061c7906bcd6> | 3.421875 | 757 | Documentation | Software Dev. | 56.978462 | 1,803 |
A gas-cooled reactor (GCR) is a nuclear reactor that uses graphite as a neutron moderator and carbon dioxide (helium can also be used) as coolant. Although there are many other types of reactor cooled by gas, the terms GCR and to a lesser extent gas cooled reactor are particularly used to refer to this type of reactor.... | <urn:uuid:1f7422aa-c3b6-4027-b8c1-aba8f41a1d79> | 3.71875 | 466 | Knowledge Article | Science & Tech. | 28.071141 | 1,804 |
Having tests that verify only one thing makes troubleshooting easier. It's not to say you shouldn't also have tests that do test multiple things, or multiple tests that share the same setup/teardown.
Here should be an illustrative example. Let's say that you have a stack class with queries:
and methods to mutate the st... | <urn:uuid:87ea5e88-3fc7-484a-b434-6c7e5f78723e> | 2.5625 | 412 | Q&A Forum | Software Dev. | 55.596575 | 1,805 |
clipped from www.theglobeandmail.com
Lab-made genome gives new life to ethics debate
If you thought that designing life was the sole domain of nature or a divine power – think again.
A team of U.S. scientists is reporting that it has constructed the genome of a living organism for the first time. Assembling bits of lab... | <urn:uuid:a2a53f83-f0e4-4b4b-ad5e-27f5fbf6ef46> | 2.796875 | 198 | News Article | Science & Tech. | 53.609685 | 1,806 |
Advanced Camera for Surveys
One of the Hubble Space Telescope's advanced instruments is referred to as the ACS.
Hubble's newest science instrument-the Advanced Camera for Surveys - brought the telescope into the 21st century. With its wider field of view, sharper image quality, and enhanced sensitivity, the new camera ... | <urn:uuid:7b9f7faf-9823-4b57-9216-9451009c13ca> | 3.59375 | 400 | Knowledge Article | Science & Tech. | 32.185344 | 1,807 |
See also the
Dr. Math FAQ:
probability in the
Browse High School Probability
Stars indicate particularly interesting answers or
good places to begin browsing.
Selected answers to common questions:
Odds vs. probability.
- Coin Flipping [01/26/1998]
How can I figure out the chances of flipping a coin five times with the
... | <urn:uuid:08a02f21-1199-444a-994a-864f66d8b530> | 2.765625 | 1,977 | Q&A Forum | Science & Tech. | 69.063443 | 1,808 |
Tides of Change
Library Home || Full Table of Contents || Suggest a Link || Library Help
|Mark Schneider; SCORE Mathematics|
|This lessons deals with collecting data, charting data, and interpreting data, based on the changing ocean tide. Aligned to the California State Standards. From the Schools of California Online ... | <urn:uuid:f4cb62dd-863e-4105-980c-8756226d113d> | 2.953125 | 149 | Content Listing | Science & Tech. | 26.450887 | 1,809 |
Assembly: PresentationFramework (in PresentationFramework.dll)
This method pauses the storyboard, but has no discernible effect if it is not active or currently paused. As a side effect, all associated children are also paused.
A controllable storyboard can pause, resume, seek, stop, and be removed. To make a storyboar... | <urn:uuid:f1b02587-fdff-4c3d-a1b7-659220598ed2> | 2.765625 | 298 | Documentation | Software Dev. | 45.761366 | 1,810 |
CORVALLIS, Ore. – A new study has found that each step of the marine food chain is clearly controlled by the trophic level below it – and the driving factor influencing that relationship is not the abundance of prey, but how that prey is distributed.
The importance of the spatial pattern of resources – sometimes called... | <urn:uuid:7928be75-496b-4509-8c71-acd60c67189f> | 3.796875 | 1,157 | News (Org.) | Science & Tech. | 37.496225 | 1,811 |
Ask the user what's her name
When prompting the user with a question it is probably the best to use the prompt function. Similarly to say it prints to the screen, but without the newline at the end. Then it waits for the user to type in something.
It reads up to the ENTER the user presses, but passes over only the the ... | <urn:uuid:df63d47e-82b0-4502-86dd-dc9c8a4569c3> | 2.921875 | 141 | Documentation | Software Dev. | 69.399524 | 1,812 |
(PhysOrg.com) -- On Earth, helium is a gas used to float balloons, as in the movie "Up." In the interior of Jupiter, however, conditions are so strange that, according to predictions by University of California, Berkeley, scientists, helium condenses into droplets and falls like rain.
Helium rain was earlier proposed t... | <urn:uuid:df77d959-fc88-4965-82bc-eb38d1be1de9> | 3.609375 | 1,069 | News Article | Science & Tech. | 38.636131 | 1,813 |
DocumentFragment is a "lightweight" or "minimal" Document object. It is very common to want to be able to extract a portion of a document's tree or to create a new fragment of a document. Imagine implementing a user command like cut or rearranging a document by moving fragments around. It is desirable to have an object... | <urn:uuid:fd7e1aff-a6bf-42bb-abb2-bf9a10b89f0d> | 2.734375 | 654 | Documentation | Software Dev. | -5.994607 | 1,814 |
publications > information sheet > summary of geer workshop: hydrologic modeling and processes
Summary of Greater Everglades Ecosystem Restoration Workshop:
2. Hydrologic Modeling and Processes, May 7-8, 2002
During April and May 2002, the United States Geological Survey (USGS) Greater Everglades Place Based Studies (P... | <urn:uuid:cce80bfa-94be-4ab7-bfbd-c2ca717405e2> | 2.8125 | 1,129 | Academic Writing | Science & Tech. | 3.861177 | 1,815 |
According to the USGS, the total energy from an earthquake includes energy required to create new cracks in rock, energy dissipated as heat through friction, and energy elastically radiated through the earth. Of these, the only quantity that can be measured is that which is radiated through the earth. It is the radiate... | <urn:uuid:d8a12e13-5e3f-45af-9e05-cbfbeaf883f1> | 3.625 | 120 | Knowledge Article | Science & Tech. | 32.564 | 1,816 |
Story submitted by Jens Raunsø Jensen
The IPCC dismisses in its AR4 report of 2007 natural climate variability as a major reason for the global temperature increase in the second half of the 20th century. The basic arguments are “greenhouse physics”, increasing and accelerating temperatures in the second half of the 20... | <urn:uuid:b96d07e9-d969-4e2f-a6ed-067d810b744b> | 3.3125 | 1,917 | Nonfiction Writing | Science & Tech. | 35.852959 | 1,817 |
Click on the image to see an enhanced diagram.
Heat is energy in transit from warmer systems to colder systems.
Heat is associated with the internal potential and kinetic energy (an apparently disorganized molecular motion) of a system.
If heat is a form of energy associated to the particles’ rotational, translational ... | <urn:uuid:e75d3108-a88b-48fc-9d90-3b168a47faff> | 4.15625 | 4,758 | Knowledge Article | Science & Tech. | 68.071847 | 1,818 |
Ron Coleman is a Canadian currently an Assistant Professor at California State University, Sacramento. He is interested in cichlids both as a scientist and as a hobbyist. As a scientist, he tries to understand how and why parent fish take care of their kids. This has led him to a great interest in egg size and he is fo... | <urn:uuid:a50d5274-e0de-499f-8179-913eb8e6fd6e> | 2.71875 | 701 | About (Pers.) | Science & Tech. | 45.549552 | 1,819 |
The meteor that slammed into Russia in February injured about 1,000 people and freaked out many more. Recent months have highlighted the danger of larger space objects that could bring doomsday if they collide with our planet.
Aside from death and taxes, there's another thing certain in life: meteors. To get a historic... | <urn:uuid:83832394-1775-42ae-9db8-8eac0782a93f> | 3.515625 | 1,033 | Content Listing | Science & Tech. | 56.716944 | 1,820 |
Lecture 9: Understanding Run-time Environment Representation and Control
In Algol-like languages like Pascal, Algol W, and C/C++, all of the environments that exist at any point during a computation can be collectively represented using a stack. This representation for environments is particularly advantageous because ... | <urn:uuid:300e8cb1-2f85-4e7a-9f72-9628af51c9f1> | 3.640625 | 3,448 | Academic Writing | Software Dev. | 37.32947 | 1,821 |
Australia State of the Environment Report 2001 (Theme Report)
Prepared by: Ann Hamblin, Bureau of Rural Sciences, Authors
Published by CSIRO on behalf of the Department of the Environment and Heritage, 2001
ISBN 0 643 06748 5
Accelerated erosion and loss of surface soil (continued)
Grazing animal density in the Extensi... | <urn:uuid:d396675b-218c-4b58-b83e-ae630b5bb24d> | 3.21875 | 4,123 | Academic Writing | Science & Tech. | 36.060725 | 1,822 |
All > Science > Climate Change
- The uptake of radiation by a solid body, liquid or gas. The absorbed energy may be transferred or re-emitted. See radiation.
EPA - Cite This Source - This Definition
- Heat balance of the Earth-atmosphere system, insolation, Mount Pinatubo, Photovoltaic and solar thermal energy, radiati... | <urn:uuid:075ccc65-864c-446b-a011-fa0fc4406e3c> | 2.703125 | 97 | Structured Data | Science & Tech. | 3.33435 | 1,823 |
Effect of Hypersonic Speeds
Recently, intense research has gone into the development of planes that can fly at hypersonic speeds, approximately five times or more than the speed of sound. At these speeds the properties of air change radically; there is a rapid increase in temperature associated with the air flowing at ... | <urn:uuid:2bce410d-bbcd-4d4b-9a28-a446f5d0b13f> | 3.765625 | 148 | Knowledge Article | Science & Tech. | 55.905357 | 1,824 |
configure is designed so that it appears to do everything itself, but there is actually a hidden slave: config.status. configure is in charge of examining your system, but it is config.status that actually takes the proper actions based on the results of configure. The most typical task of config.status is to instantia... | <urn:uuid:1c39b6e3-b7ea-4c82-b264-eeab08d8dadc> | 2.5625 | 748 | Documentation | Software Dev. | 51.682322 | 1,825 |
The following procedures raise, handle and wait for signals.
Scheme code signal handlers are run via a system async (see System asyncs), so they’re called in the handler’s thread at the next safe opportunity. Generally this is after any currently executing primitive procedure finishes (which could be a long time for pr... | <urn:uuid:d7170610-df81-4a15-a7a0-8613d9334e2e> | 2.96875 | 1,236 | Documentation | Software Dev. | 47.244207 | 1,826 |
Improving the Performance of Platinum Electrocatalysts in Fuel Cells
12 January 2007
The journal Science and its online companion Science Express this week provide two reports from different research teams on efforts to improve the stability and performance of platinum electrocatalysts in PEM fuel cells.
Scientists at ... | <urn:uuid:10eb12ab-073b-481f-a025-a15ecd75f5d4> | 2.96875 | 1,108 | News (Org.) | Science & Tech. | 30.616154 | 1,827 |
Tue May 15, 2012
Aletta Becomes Western Hemisphere's First Tropical Storm Of 2012
Aletta — a modest tropical storm spinning of the western coast of Mexico with 40 mph winds — is already special because of two reasons: It the first tropical storm in the Western Hemisphere and it has now broken a 41-day streak in which E... | <urn:uuid:81fb2b76-f043-447b-afb3-6a95560d40a7> | 2.875 | 317 | News Article | Science & Tech. | 44.138605 | 1,828 |
The Trojan asteroids lie in Jupiter's orbit equidistant from Jupiter and the sun. They are an example of what is known as the restricted three-body problem: the motion of a small body, an asteroid, under the influence of two massive bodies whose motion is not affected by the presence of the asteroid. The gravitational ... | <urn:uuid:6f3ce9dc-a162-41b8-a378-42a369a5def2> | 3.796875 | 1,236 | Tutorial | Science & Tech. | 50.43042 | 1,829 |
In general, the TOC is determined by oxidizing a water sample. The produced CO2 is detected and defined quantitatively. However, not all methods succeed in the complete oxidation of a sample. Often enough this may result only in SOC (Some Organic Carbon) instead of the TOC.
With this oxidation method the sample will be... | <urn:uuid:02ba6c77-3758-4f96-a3c5-57e73541cecc> | 2.71875 | 715 | Documentation | Science & Tech. | 32.119411 | 1,830 |
In part two of this book excerpt series on the .NET Framework Class Library from O'Reilly's VB.NET Core Classes in a Nutshell, get an introduction to the .NET Framework Class Library (FCL).
The .NET Framework includes the .NET Framework Class Library (FCL), a vast collection of thousands of types (that is, of classes, ... | <urn:uuid:b6d127ed-c522-4560-8aad-70771c371362> | 2.859375 | 1,503 | Truncated | Software Dev. | 41.284533 | 1,831 |
Space Ring Could Shade Earth and Stop Global Warming
A wild idea to combat global warming suggests creating an artificial ring of small particles or spacecrafts around Earth to shade the tropics and moderate climate extremes.
There would be side effects, proponents admit. An effective sunlight-scattering particle ring ... | <urn:uuid:43d496e6-d8e0-4d17-8c9a-8bfc2f973e84> | 3.828125 | 977 | News Article | Science & Tech. | 36.89875 | 1,832 |
Carbonaceous chondrite meteorites contain vital clues to the evolution of carbon compounds in our solar system preceding the origin of life.
Adapted from an Arizona State University press release
Scientists have conducted an organic analysis of the Tagish Lake meteorite, a rare, carbon-rich meteorite classified as a ca... | <urn:uuid:799b4de9-78b6-443d-93be-2921035b705e> | 3.9375 | 1,226 | News Article | Science & Tech. | 21.008388 | 1,833 |
ECOSYSTEM PROPERTIES FOR WHICH SATELLITE DATA ARE REQUIRED
measurement of canopy height with lidar. Others are derived from the statistics of direct measurements, such as estimates of landscape heterogeneity used in conservation biology and ecosystem management and the inference of surface sources and sinks of CO2 from... | <urn:uuid:ebb8e64b-d7ac-4099-ae55-1611e8a18564> | 3.203125 | 462 | Academic Writing | Science & Tech. | 2.767457 | 1,834 |
The integrating power of the eye has been tested for short flashes of light, ranging in duration from 10-2 to 8 × 10-9 sec. The shorter flashes were produced by passing the image of the straight filament of an electric lamp across a narrow slit, the light having been reflected from a mirror mounted on an air-driven tur... | <urn:uuid:8b63c035-96b4-4881-8a5a-f7c76b74fc8a> | 3.171875 | 198 | Academic Writing | Science & Tech. | 73.021389 | 1,835 |
Harrisburg, PA—Ten months after Tropical Storm Lee led to record flooding that devastated the Susquehanna Valley, a new PennEnvironment Research & Policy Center report confirms that extreme rainstorms and snowstorms are happening 52 percent more frequently in Pennsylvania since 1948.
“As the old saying goes, when it ra... | <urn:uuid:61481f35-17d6-4bc3-8560-463cded91086> | 3.171875 | 1,331 | News (Org.) | Science & Tech. | 32.677334 | 1,836 |
Scientists meet to chart roadmap to fusion
Posted October 12, 2012; 01:30 p.m.
The crucial next steps on the roadmap to developing fusion energy will be the focus of more than 70 top fusion scientists and engineers from around the world who will gather at the University of California-Los Angeles (UCLA) this month. The ... | <urn:uuid:7bfc3b1f-75b4-4333-b9f7-568f9501d6b0> | 2.765625 | 1,148 | News (Org.) | Science & Tech. | 43.61557 | 1,837 |
Posted 14 September 2010 - 02:49 PM
We know that a six base pair sequence AGAATA occurs 1 time in 4096 nucleotides [ (1/4)^6 = 4096 ] correct?
Let's say we have a DNA library that is 50,000 base pairs in total (small library of 50 clones to keep numbers small) it should occur roughly ~12 times [ 50000/4096 = 12.2 ] wit... | <urn:uuid:23e83e71-27ba-4d90-a99e-54022cb39fc7> | 2.8125 | 262 | Q&A Forum | Science & Tech. | 85.931199 | 1,838 |
News Releases 2003
NOAA Home Page
NOAA Public Affairs
Above-average precipitation throughout much of the United States during the past three months led to improving drought conditions in many areas, according to scientists at the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration’s (NOAA) National Climatic Data Center (NC... | <urn:uuid:284a09fa-3bba-431d-93ed-2895204e7c2c> | 2.84375 | 1,123 | News (Org.) | Science & Tech. | 45.854515 | 1,839 |
Dec. 8, 2009 Nanoscale machines expected to have wide application in industry, energy, medicine and other fields may someday operate far more efficiently thanks to important theoretical discoveries concerning the manipulation of famous Casimir forces that took place at the U.S. Department of Energy's Ames Laboratory.
T... | <urn:uuid:8dd4d113-9bac-4b8e-bad4-be3b9931562e> | 3.71875 | 960 | News Article | Science & Tech. | 18.044504 | 1,840 |
by Staff Writers
Durham NC (SPX) Nov 23, 2011
If you're a snack-sized squid or octopus living in the ocean zone where the last bit of daylight gives way, having some control over your reflection could be a matter of life and death.
Most predators cruising 600 to 1,000 meters below the surface spot the silhouette of the... | <urn:uuid:b3341e2f-d121-453d-99d3-f68a7c16e1e3> | 3.40625 | 910 | Truncated | Science & Tech. | 44.679049 | 1,841 |
BERLIN (AP) -- A meteor exploded in the sky above Russia on Friday, causing a shockwave that blew out windows injuring hundreds of people and sending fragments falling to the ground in the Ural Mountains. Here's a look at those objects in the sky:
What's the difference between a meteor and a meteorite?
Meteors are piec... | <urn:uuid:6a6d3e99-a2c5-4fc6-88c0-fdbf51275145> | 3.484375 | 787 | News Article | Science & Tech. | 46.563733 | 1,842 |
These pictures were taken 13 November 2005 at about 1:15 PM from the bay shore on the UW-Green Bay. Water levels in Green Bay dropped more than 3 feet from strong southwest to northeast winds.
Point Sable is shown at the horizon.
Bay Beach and the power plant near the mouth of the Fox River in Green Bay, WI.
( source: ... | <urn:uuid:0fcc547e-d988-422d-a639-cfcebeeb5bfb> | 2.9375 | 320 | Knowledge Article | Science & Tech. | 84.161987 | 1,843 |
8. Predicates and Utilities
Now that we know how to create classes, access slots, and define
methods, it might be useful to verify that everything is doing ok. To
help with this a plethora of predicates have been created.
- Function: class-v class
- Return a vector with all the class's important parts in it. This vecto... | <urn:uuid:682e5e0f-50d3-4857-b1c8-1f2831d215f0> | 2.671875 | 979 | Documentation | Software Dev. | 68.943805 | 1,844 |
Scientists have apparently broken the universe’s speed limit.
For generations, physicists believed there is nothing faster than light moving through a vacuum — a speed of 186,000 miles per second.
But in an experiment in Princeton, N.J., physicists sent a pulse of laser light through cesium vapor so quickly that it lef... | <urn:uuid:407aeee2-2230-4a8f-8647-4aed4b649a2d> | 3.578125 | 766 | News Article | Science & Tech. | 38.07652 | 1,845 |
Size Adult females may attain a body length of 56 mm and males 47 mm.
Description The adult frog has a somewhat flattened body; an eye with a dark, horizontal band running through it and a vertically elliptical pupil; and long limbs with large, spatulate adhesive pads at the tips of the fingers and toes. While the fing... | <urn:uuid:79ca8b7a-838d-4030-9fff-d37b3895249e> | 3 | 775 | Knowledge Article | Science & Tech. | 48.637492 | 1,846 |
Science Wednesday: Ready for Takeoff
Each week we write about the science behind environmental protection. Previous Science Wednesdays.
While I’ve come to expect extra scrutiny when flying, I was momentarily flustered when the pilot needed to know my weight so he could compute his preflight plans. (155 pounds.)
This mo... | <urn:uuid:ce3fb446-5624-42bb-b177-69478ceb1f84> | 2.671875 | 642 | News (Org.) | Science & Tech. | 44.003369 | 1,847 |
Oddities of Physics (Oct, 1937)
Oddities of Physics
Science is much closer to our daily lives than many of us believe. Some of the simplest phenomena and everyday occurrences which do not strike one as of any particular interest, abound with scientific explanations.
WHO would imagine, when watching soldiers marching ac... | <urn:uuid:df45235b-2e7c-425e-a092-456287ff6504> | 3.09375 | 1,774 | Personal Blog | Science & Tech. | 64.020219 | 1,848 |
U.S.: Hurrican Sandy - The New "Normal"
Some called it Frankenstorm Sandy, some Superstorm Sandy, needless to say Hurricane Sandy was the worst storm the New York Metro area and New Jersy has seen in decades, if not ever. Earlier in October many islands in the Carribean were devastated by the storm. As it made it's way... | <urn:uuid:912e7e36-ed94-4f5c-9119-7c651b0b1543> | 2.5625 | 289 | News Article | Science & Tech. | 52.258483 | 1,849 |
||The Curve of
The key to energy production in stars lies in what nuclear physicists call the
curve of binding energy, which is illustrated in the following figure.
Curve of binding energy.
This plot shows the amount of binding energy per nucleon (A nucleon is either a
neutron or a proton. The nucleon number is the sum... | <urn:uuid:08974a84-13f5-438a-a98a-8f4dc8b77b64> | 4 | 556 | Academic Writing | Science & Tech. | 45.999487 | 1,850 |
An accessor method is an instance method that gets or sets the value of a property of an object. In Cocoa’s terminology, a method that retrieves the value of an object’s property is referred to as a getter method, or “getter;” a method that changes the value of an object’s property is referred to as a setter method, or... | <urn:uuid:fa5c2fa1-af36-4ff5-8788-a254b8275e51> | 4.3125 | 334 | Documentation | Software Dev. | 33.366527 | 1,851 |
In addition to using data manipulation statements directly, as just described, it is also possible to manipulate table data by calling a procedure. Procedures perform the specific data manipulations laid out in the procedure definition.
Any SQL statement in the grouping procedural-sql-statement, see the Mimer SQL Refer... | <urn:uuid:8183da38-272d-4f14-8018-c0e29c672f1b> | 2.71875 | 418 | Documentation | Software Dev. | 24.696794 | 1,852 |
File:Recent Sea Level Rise.png
From Global Warming Art
This figure shows the change in annually averaged sea level at 23 geologically stable tide gauge sites with long-term records as selected by Douglas (1997). The thick dark line is a three-year moving average of the instrumental records. This data indicates a sea le... | <urn:uuid:f043ae14-22cc-4ca6-b2ac-331ed18bcea0> | 3.484375 | 821 | Knowledge Article | Science & Tech. | 45.548251 | 1,853 |
Thousands of inventors, engineers and entrepreneurs gathered in a suburban Washington convention center on Monday for the annual three-day meeting of Arpa-E, the Advanced Research Projects Agency – Energy. It wasn’t quite the Oscars. At the registration desk, attendees received a goody bag that included a report on cle... | <urn:uuid:9c7ff38d-f59d-4c6a-9f4c-55a526aa301b> | 3.0625 | 687 | News Article | Science & Tech. | 43.410171 | 1,854 |
The Physics Factbook™
Edited by Glenn Elert -- Written by his students
An educational, Fair Use website
topic index | author index | special index
The purpose of this analysis is to determine the evolution of gravity in the Mario video game series as video game hardware increases.
Gravity is force which is responsible ... | <urn:uuid:01cf0aab-1e40-4f28-ac0c-7c3ac31aa266> | 3.65625 | 1,154 | Knowledge Article | Science & Tech. | 78.163547 | 1,855 |
The 2008 Solar Eclipse Expedition
Why and how a handful of IfA astronomers travelled to the Gobi desert in China in search of iron in the solar corona.
This year we celebrate the 400th anniversary of Galileo's use of the telescope for astronomy. Was he that important?
The Magnificent Sky
Why it must be protected from l... | <urn:uuid:dd5b9c8a-2f86-4878-b2e0-7fdeda9bd05d> | 2.625 | 136 | Content Listing | Science & Tech. | 46.839182 | 1,856 |
Your municipality withdraws 10,000 gallons per day from an aquifer that originally held 1,000,000 gallons. The recharge rate to the aquifer is 2,000 gallons per day. How long will it take before the aquifer is depleted?
You have to make an equation that relates the amount of water (w) in the aquafier to time (t).
Start... | <urn:uuid:84be61a4-9360-49ee-9102-e14d330dd196> | 3.09375 | 151 | Tutorial | Science & Tech. | 61.215 | 1,857 |
Executes the specified script in the provided language.
Syntaxvar retval = window.execScript(code, language);
- code [in]
String that specifies the code to be executed.
- language [in]
String that specifies the language in which the code is executed. The language defaults to JScript.
Type: Variant of type null
This met... | <urn:uuid:a1df673b-9f9e-4df3-a9f1-e7f43c998939> | 2.59375 | 160 | Documentation | Software Dev. | 44.643175 | 1,858 |
Introduction to Visual C++ for UNIX Users
This topic provides information for UNIX users who are new to Visual C++ and want to become productive with Visual C++.
You can use Visual C++ from the command line in a similar way that you would use a UNIX command-line environment. You compile from the command prompt with the... | <urn:uuid:3867767e-9ad3-43a2-b6ea-2474563aae72> | 3.25 | 1,108 | Documentation | Software Dev. | 43.66282 | 1,859 |
High-resolution radar as well as hyperspectral optical imagery was acquired during flights across two test areas in southern Tunisia. Meanwhile ground teams precisely documented ground vegetation and terrain at sampling sites within these test areas, with samples taken to local laboratories for detailed analysis. And E... | <urn:uuid:f86c47d0-e6c1-45f7-9846-e83cc1e11e19> | 3.75 | 327 | News Article | Science & Tech. | 19.065848 | 1,860 |
This image shows water quality changes in the Gulf of Mexico. Reds and oranges represent high concentrations of algae and river sediment. Under certain conditions excessive algal growth can result in a "dead zone" of low oxygen.
Credit (via NASA/Goddard Conceptual Image Lab)
An illustration of the flow of water from tr... | <urn:uuid:10f4c9b4-0718-4564-b799-a790e9ed9d70> | 3.140625 | 105 | Knowledge Article | Science & Tech. | 38.113711 | 1,861 |
Identifying time lags in the restoration of grassland butterfly communities: a multi-site assessment
Woodcock, B.A.; Bullock, J.M.; Mortimer, S.R.; Brereton, T.; Redhead, J.W.; Thomas, J.A.; Pywell, R.F.. 2012 Identifying time lags in the restoration of grassland butterfly communities: a multi-site assessment. Biologic... | <urn:uuid:4cc9b21b-9ac9-4733-b1e7-35a758cedd90> | 2.84375 | 497 | Academic Writing | Science & Tech. | 31.319651 | 1,862 |
A November 2, 1979 article by John Yemma in the Christian Science Monitor outlined Jesco Von Puttkamer's vision of America's future in space. Von Puttkamer was a planner for NASA and even consulted on the first Star Trek movie.
By the late '80s or early '90s, a huge solar power satellite may be constructed to beam micr... | <urn:uuid:540d8913-8456-469f-96ff-0b4740cd2aa5> | 3.125 | 138 | Personal Blog | Science & Tech. | 49.580369 | 1,863 |
If you take a bunch of random particles and put them together, why should a pole form on each side of this collection?
Some particles already have a magnetic field. Many particles are polar, such that they will orient themselves in a magnetic field. If you jumble them all together, they will self align, and eventually ... | <urn:uuid:56a7c8f9-ece0-406d-acf3-3311fe68c27b> | 3.5625 | 307 | Q&A Forum | Science & Tech. | 48.958142 | 1,864 |
Table-top test targets quantum foam
Nov 29, 2012 15 comments
One of the biggest challenges in physics – finding evidence for quantum gravity – could be tackled using a simple table-top experiment, according to Jacob Bekenstein from the Hebrew University of Jerusalem. Bekenstein, who is best known for studying the therm... | <urn:uuid:c43d7f3a-b1d6-4607-8053-534f6b355ede> | 3.625 | 1,043 | News Article | Science & Tech. | 36.06871 | 1,865 |
Photons lost in a maze
Enhancing the interaction between light and matter is the essence of many research disciplines, including quantum information science, energy harvesting and optical biosensing. The traditional method has been to strongly confine light in, for example, a highly ordered nanocavity. Surprisingly, an... | <urn:uuid:b3dc7260-f3ee-4673-852d-cdf094ddaa69> | 3.3125 | 279 | Academic Writing | Science & Tech. | 15.015942 | 1,866 |
…is a smaller species of oceanic sunfish found in tropical and temperate seas worldwide. Like its more well known relative M. mola the slender sunfish is pelagic and roams the vast oceans feeding on jellyfish. Also like most molids the slender sunfish will recruit other animals like cleaner fish and seabirds to pick pa... | <urn:uuid:c5361d60-74f0-4148-9149-036087fb5d09> | 3.75 | 853 | Personal Blog | Science & Tech. | 51.327209 | 1,867 |
This programming language may be used to instruct a computer to perform a task.
If you know UNIX Shell, please write code for some of the tasks not implemented in UNIX Shell.
There are many UNIX Shells and most of them can be categorized into two families. For purposes of the Rosetta Code, all examples are in Bourne-co... | <urn:uuid:375553c1-7e10-4938-ac0a-29e9b60c9e20> | 3.546875 | 380 | Knowledge Article | Software Dev. | 45.89991 | 1,868 |
Populations of the American eel have massively declined in recent years.
By Douglas Main
Nobody knows exactly how American eels make it to the Sargasso Sea, a mysterious expanse of flotsam-ridden waters in the middle of the Atlantic Ocean where the animals breed.
But a recent study to chart the migration of these enigm... | <urn:uuid:b1888591-8b2a-44ed-ae65-0f0d3ed1a996> | 3.234375 | 608 | News Article | Science & Tech. | 34.538077 | 1,869 |
Sci. STKE, 29 February 2000
Differentiation Defining the Boundary
The Drosophila wing precursor is divided into two non-intermingling groups of cells, the Anterior (A) compartment and the Posterior (P) compartment. Dahmann and Basler addressed the issue of how the boundary between the A and P compartment is established... | <urn:uuid:bb6e5019-511c-4e42-a62a-8729cd1fe659> | 2.59375 | 431 | Academic Writing | Science & Tech. | 51.409288 | 1,870 |
Sorry for the delay; it’s getting crowded around here again.
Anyway, an irreducible module for a Lie algebra is a pretty straightforward concept: it’s a module such that its only submodules are and . As usual, Schur’s lemma tells us that any morphism between two irreducible modules is either or an isomorphism. And, as ... | <urn:uuid:6f079210-a79b-44cf-96f8-e099ba38271d> | 2.703125 | 220 | Personal Blog | Science & Tech. | 37.340802 | 1,871 |
|Diamondoid Monolayers as Monochromatic Electron Source|
Diamondoids are nanometer-sized molecules that feature diamond-crystal cage structures. Adamantane, the smallest member in the family, consists of one cage structure, diamantane two, triamantane three, tetramantane four, and so on. On all of these, the dangling b... | <urn:uuid:93b4ecea-e98a-462c-a6b9-fe9279c80cd0> | 3.40625 | 1,249 | Knowledge Article | Science & Tech. | 38.446973 | 1,872 |
The perils of polonium
News Analysis Polonium-210, the highly toxic radioactive isotope found in the body of poisoned former Russian spy Alexander Litvinenko is a very rare, exotic material that is difficult to obtain, scientists say.
The UK's Health Protection Agency says Litvinenko, who died last week in a London hos... | <urn:uuid:7e7c4e71-d668-4c02-a8f9-64a6e5aaf1ac> | 3.09375 | 639 | News Article | Science & Tech. | 44.488546 | 1,873 |
No coal fired power stations. No SUV’s.
And they are warning the planet's atmosphere could have similar levels of the greenhouse gas within hundreds of years.
An international team led by German scientists and involving University of Queensland Environmental Geologist Dr Kevin Welsh has found tropical palms grew on the... | <urn:uuid:30bc0048-2d31-4c07-afe0-15786ed57ea5> | 3.765625 | 1,080 | Personal Blog | Science & Tech. | 41.273169 | 1,874 |
Posted: September 08, 2008
On Wednesday, the world’s largest particle accelerator – the Large Hadron Collider (LHC) – will be powered up to receive an injection of particle beams for the very first time as it begins the heroic quest to solve some of the biggest mysteries of our Universe. Astronomy Now will be attending... | <urn:uuid:c17254c3-ce43-4dd0-9bb0-5a503afb60df> | 3.640625 | 1,418 | News (Org.) | Science & Tech. | 40.811181 | 1,875 |
About microscopic forms of life, including Bacteria, Archea, protozoans, algae and fungi. Topics relating to viruses, viroids and prions also belong here.
Viruses are tiny geometric structures that can only reproduce inside a living cell. They range in size from 20 to 250 nanometers (one nanometer is one billionth of a... | <urn:uuid:0e946847-cec2-4c13-a019-a5979cb5faf9> | 3.890625 | 999 | Comment Section | Science & Tech. | 47.932544 | 1,876 |
As we look at the numerous graben and valleys that wind through the Martian highlands, it is not always clear which geological processes created them. Some valleys have very similar characteristics to those on Earth carved out by the flow of surface water; others possess a morphology where this is not so obvious. These... | <urn:uuid:448d7b44-6eab-4cb1-b5d5-0a8e3f5b8419> | 4.03125 | 1,378 | Knowledge Article | Science & Tech. | 38.119526 | 1,877 |
The camera that can capture 1 trillion frames a second - fast enough for slow-motion video of light particles
Scientists from the Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT) needed some very specialised equipment to pull off the feat, as light travels around a million times faster than a bullet.
The team used a camera ... | <urn:uuid:4bf5e9ca-4dfe-4264-bb06-da13bdb39d85> | 3.046875 | 188 | News Article | Science & Tech. | 56.042342 | 1,878 |
The sun is a natural nuclear fusion reactor, fusing hydrogen to helium. Our current understanding of physics is quite clear about what happens, four hydrogen nuclei (protons), with and without the help of catalysts are transformed into helium, neutrinos and energy. The energy is released as gamma rays and as kinetic en... | <urn:uuid:d1f9168b-eab1-4e45-b2ab-fb002ef59652> | 4 | 713 | Knowledge Article | Science & Tech. | 29.686194 | 1,879 |
Heat escape routes
Take a look at this diagram showing heat loss from a house.
Heat energy is transferred from homes through the
Examples of convective losses: cold air can enter the house through gaps in doors and windows, and convection currents can transfer heat energy in the loft to the roof tiles.
Heat energy also... | <urn:uuid:183e5efc-3b83-47f6-867c-8661256d209c> | 4 | 385 | Tutorial | Science & Tech. | 54.938824 | 1,880 |
The Unicode Standard, Version 2.0 (TUS2.0) provides different ways to encode accented characters, either decomposed (a combining character sequence [CCS]) or composed (as a single precomposed character). For example, the following are equivalent:
|Ã||A + ~|
The TUS2.0 specifies an algorithm for determining whether any ... | <urn:uuid:9f958add-2fd0-4d46-8105-6110fc8ebcca> | 3 | 850 | Documentation | Software Dev. | 34.731385 | 1,881 |
silicon carbide, chemical compound, SiC, that forms extremely hard, dark, iridescent crystals that are insoluble in water and other common solvents. Widely used as an abrasive, it is marketed under such familiar trade names as Carborundum and Crystolon. It is heat resistant, decomposing when heated to about 2,700°C; it... | <urn:uuid:81fb236c-32ae-4f71-9e06-73de5298b345> | 4.09375 | 271 | Knowledge Article | Science & Tech. | 31.761652 | 1,882 |
Weaver Ants, Oecophylla spp.
This Order of insects include sawflies, horntails, wood wasps, ensign wasps, Ichneumonids, fairyflies, fig wasps, chalcids, gall wasps, cuckoo wasps, yellow-faced bees, sweat bees, leafcutter bees, carpenter bees, honey bees, bumble bees, orchid bees, velvet ants, spider wasps, paper wasps,... | <urn:uuid:2e1a4015-06d3-4507-a13d-66ca4ca5855a> | 3.84375 | 216 | Knowledge Article | Science & Tech. | 31.600294 | 1,883 |
UAVSAR: An Airborne Window on Earth Surface Deformation
Jan. 20 & 21
The Earth's surface is constantly undergoing surface deformation at the millimeter to meter scale both from natural forces such as earthquakes, volcanoes, and glacier motion and from anthropogenic causes such as oil and ground water pumping.
From Crus... | <urn:uuid:0e941192-95b9-447e-ba95-2c4b1910758d> | 3.515625 | 722 | Content Listing | Science & Tech. | 38.439142 | 1,884 |
Incredible Batch of Rare and New Species Discovered
A chameleon (Chamaeleo gracilis) found during a 2006 expedition to Ghana's Atewa Range Forest Reserve led by Conservation International's Rapid Assessment Program.
CREDIT: Piotr Naskrecki, Conservation International
Two species of primates that are of global conservat... | <urn:uuid:8793f85a-f93a-4853-bb66-68484db758ed> | 3.5 | 1,005 | News Article | Science & Tech. | 22.293735 | 1,885 |
A novel chip-scale instrument made from carbon nanotubes may simplify absolute measurements of laser power. Developers of the unit at the National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) say it may prove especially useful for measuring light signals transmitted by optical fibers in telecom networks.
After the 2010... | <urn:uuid:a940782c-b67e-41df-8f22-0005aea153e0> | 2.71875 | 216 | Knowledge Article | Science & Tech. | -11.478427 | 1,886 |
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Climate Stabilization Targets: Emissions, Concentrations, and Impacts over Decades to Millennia
4.9 OCEAN ACIDIFICATION
... | <urn:uuid:3e031665-0ef1-403c-997c-5c389ce54d7b> | 3.15625 | 503 | Knowledge Article | Science & Tech. | 29.897243 | 1,887 |
NASA's Nuclear Spectroscopic Telescope Array, or NuSTAR, is now perched atop its Pegasus XL rocket, strapped to the plane that will carry the mission to an airborne launch. Launch is scheduled for June 13, no earlier than 8:30 a.m. PDT (11:30 a.m. EDT).
The plane -- the L-1011 "Stargazer" aircraft -- is now at Vandenbe... | <urn:uuid:e67573b7-17f7-4c58-9a17-769c5b83d4eb> | 3 | 441 | News (Org.) | Science & Tech. | 43.283182 | 1,888 |
THE Japanese government is planning to build two deep holes vertically into the ground. The largest, 720 metres deep, will be in a disused coal mine in the northern island of Hokkaido and, from summer next year, you will be able to drop up to 1 tonne down the shaft for only 800 000 yen (about Pounds sterling 3000).
The... | <urn:uuid:c6706d13-2453-4037-9d48-2f89ff17cf77> | 3.5 | 204 | Truncated | Science & Tech. | 63.08037 | 1,889 |
|25 May 2010|
Take a walk along the coast and help us monitor the effects of climate change and invasive species on the UK's seaweeds.
Seaweeds are easy to find and occur all around the UK coastline. There are a staggering 650 seaweed species in the UK, around 7% of the world's species, and they play a vital role in th... | <urn:uuid:fe71d926-98d8-4e90-b1fc-3b27f154d4fa> | 3.484375 | 339 | News (Org.) | Science & Tech. | 60.299801 | 1,890 |
Use of RNA:DNA ratios for assessing secondary production of planktonic food webs effects of temperature, salinity, food and heavy metals /
Abstract (Summary)Acartia tonsa is a dominant copepod in coastal waters and is an important link in the food web between microplankton and higher trophic levels. RNA:DNA ratios have... | <urn:uuid:75ddf350-00f0-4913-95b0-2da1f15a3b0b> | 3.390625 | 330 | Academic Writing | Science & Tech. | 34.88186 | 1,891 |
Our pick of the latest physics stories from around the world wide web.
The winner of Robo Mara Full event in Osaka is expected to set a world record of around four days.
At least three powerful solar flares on the sun have hurled billions of tonnes of material towards the Earth, which could light up the night sky in a ... | <urn:uuid:e4f37120-9f5e-4f29-84d0-da9bf36bf5c5> | 2.578125 | 272 | Content Listing | Science & Tech. | 46.090115 | 1,892 |
Describing Motion with Words
Visit The Physics Classroom's Flickr Galleries and take a visual overview of 1D Kinematics.
Distance and Displacement
Distance and displacement are two quantities that may seem to mean the same thing yet have distinctly different definitions and meanings.
- Distance is a scalar quantity tha... | <urn:uuid:499e5940-0bb4-41c6-875d-f331ac36f52c> | 3.625 | 618 | Tutorial | Science & Tech. | 55.004262 | 1,893 |
Conception/Leipzig. Even the snow on Aconcagua Mountain in the Andes is polluted with PCBs. An international team of researchers detected low concentrations of these toxic, carcinogenic chlorine compounds in samples taken from America's highest mountain. The snow samples taken at an altitude of 6200 metres are among th... | <urn:uuid:c3e80b2d-2be0-4118-b330-c15d3c60178f> | 2.9375 | 990 | News Article | Science & Tech. | 35.03297 | 1,894 |
Mar. 22, 2009 The territory where the Higgs boson may be found continues to shrink. The latest analysis of data from the CDF and DZero collider experiments at the U.S. Department of Energy's Fermilab now excludes a significant fraction of the allowed Higgs mass range established by earlier measurements. Those experimen... | <urn:uuid:bbdf5547-de56-4b9a-abca-f4b5f6a5e6e8> | 2.75 | 903 | News (Org.) | Science & Tech. | 43.17614 | 1,895 |
June 3, 2009 Florida Institute of Technology researchers are trying to solve one of the great mysteries in nature: how thunderstorms make lightning. Because, in principle, lightning is a big spark it should behave like other sparks—like the ones created when we touch a door knob on a dry day. Scientists have accumulate... | <urn:uuid:97cbbbd9-0745-4915-a8dd-3eccbd1e50ea> | 4.03125 | 558 | News (Org.) | Science & Tech. | 39.838333 | 1,896 |
On the island of Flores in Indonesia, villagers have long told tales of a diminutive, upright-walking creature with a lopsided gait, a voracious appetite, and soft, murmuring speech.
They call it ebu gogo, "the grandmother who eats anything." Scientists¿ best guess was that macaque monkeys inspired the ebu gogo lore. B... | <urn:uuid:35a7b569-d11d-4701-adb3-669a7ca0927e> | 2.640625 | 149 | Truncated | Science & Tech. | 35.347251 | 1,897 |
More 60-Second Earth
In 1959 physicist Gilbert Plass warned in Scientific American that increasing concentrations of carbon dioxide in the atmosphere was causing climate change. In 1965 President Lyndon Johnson warned Congress of the risk. In 1979 the U.S. National Academy of Sciences warned against a wait-and-see atti... | <urn:uuid:06e096fe-b0bd-4793-9f3f-1becd617fcfd> | 2.734375 | 242 | Truncated | Science & Tech. | 56.379689 | 1,898 |
Flying Out to GJ 436 and its Planets
Astronomers using NASA's Spitzer Space Telescope have detected what they believe is an alien world just two-thirds the size of Earth - one of the smallest on record. The exoplanet candidate, known as UCF-1.01, orbits a star called GJ 436, which is located a mere 33 light-years away.... | <urn:uuid:79134cf7-4a38-4caa-864a-c3482606b729> | 3.3125 | 416 | Truncated | Science & Tech. | 68.45878 | 1,899 |