text large_stringlengths 148 17k | id large_stringlengths 47 47 | score float64 2.69 5.31 | tokens int64 36 7.79k | format large_stringclasses 13
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18 Feb 2009 Corn starch/water on
an audio speaker. There is a very interesting video at this link
of oobleck dancing on an audio speaker:
Subject:University of Iowa Hydraulics
Center Films on Youtube (six films)
Introduction to the study of fluid
motion (1961, 25 minutes) http://youtu.be/EIuU9Q8CGDk
The first in a wide... | <urn:uuid:58bbc3a2-2cca-4aac-975b-6a2a183c1e45> | 2.890625 | 923 | Content Listing | Science & Tech. | 25.221004 |
Famous Women in Astronomy
Part of the Astronomy For Dummies Cheat Sheet
When you’re studying astronomy don’t forget the women that made an impact in the field. Check out this list of amazing achievements by women astronomers and astrophysicists:
Caroline Herschel (1750–1848) Discovered eight comets.
Annie Jump Cannon (... | <urn:uuid:c1a9e1d0-9350-465a-a08c-c188f4ed1b70> | 3.859375 | 306 | Listicle | Science & Tech. | 42.766321 |
Fire and Invasive Plants -- Combustibility of Native and Invasive Exotic Plants
Alison C. Dibble, U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Northern Research Station, 686 Government Rd., Bradley, ME 04411
William A. Patterson III, Department of Forestry and Wildlife Management, University of Massachusetts, Amhers... | <urn:uuid:edc43201-bbe0-4879-8f31-cc11f5f812ab> | 2.828125 | 1,256 | Academic Writing | Science & Tech. | 47.401774 |
Joined: 16 Mar 2004
|Posted: Thu Aug 06, 2009 11:24 am Post subject: Nanotubes Could Aid Understanding of Retrovirus Transmission
|Recent findings by medical researchers indicate that naturally occurring nanotubes may serve as tunnels that protect retroviruses and bacteria in transit from diseased to healthy cells — a ... | <urn:uuid:8be1c3e2-ea54-459f-83ce-a0fd4be35a9f> | 3.03125 | 950 | Comment Section | Science & Tech. | 23.619571 |
Fri Mar 21 18:02:28 GMT 2008 by Gordon
Why is it that gamma rays cannot penerate the earth's atmosphere when they will happily travel though thick lead.
Fri Mar 21 18:59:29 GMT 2008 by Radek
Air in atmosphere corresponds to ... One meter of lead!
Fri Mar 21 19:24:17 GMT 2008 by Tony Byron
"The atmosphere shields us fro... | <urn:uuid:ff6d54ec-e3b9-412d-9909-96c7ca2e037a> | 3.234375 | 218 | Comment Section | Science & Tech. | 71.288992 |
Falling Objects and Bouncing
Location: Outside U.S.
Date: April 2008
I am looking to compare different masses, objects, shapes
and compare these to dents made in a specific plate (e.g.
polystyrene). For this experiment I would need not only to be able
to work out the velocity of the object but also how much air
resista... | <urn:uuid:e4b16c9b-077a-4540-930d-1c571c35557a> | 2.984375 | 1,485 | Q&A Forum | Science & Tech. | 52.5096 |
Time and Frequency from A to Z: D to Do
A number or series of numbers used to identify a given day with the least possible ambiguity. The date is usually expressed as the month, day of month, and year. However, integer numbers such as the Julian Date are also used to express the date.
Daylight Saving Time
The part of t... | <urn:uuid:8885f164-65e1-4fdd-beef-17d693860475> | 3.484375 | 589 | Knowledge Article | Science & Tech. | 51.032085 |
Pascal is an influential imperative and procedural programming language, intended to encourage good programming practices using so called structured programming and data structuring.
: What is the reason for this problem? If I leave pascal doing anything
: in loop, After ~30 secs loop is runiing slower than before, but... | <urn:uuid:12c439b2-de89-49db-af74-dbe35321f621> | 2.8125 | 280 | Comment Section | Software Dev. | 66.903623 |
Antimatter came about as a solution to the fact that the equation describing a free particle in motion (the relativistic relation between energy, momentum and mass) has not only positive energy solutions, but negative ones as well! If this were true, nothing would stop a particle from falling down to infinite negative ... | <urn:uuid:0ee63bec-49ee-4e62-a8f7-6b79d5db4f5b> | 3.6875 | 717 | Knowledge Article | Science & Tech. | 26.957256 |
If you read this blog regularly, you know I have a fondness for the so-called “missing eruptions” — that is, volcanic events found in ice core or sediment records but not yet identified in the geologic/volcanic record. The most glaring right now is the eruption of 1258 A.D., supposedly 1.8 times as large as the 1815 er... | <urn:uuid:eecc926a-6ecd-4a92-bf87-2115959015a7> | 3.140625 | 239 | Personal Blog | Science & Tech. | 41.674462 |
Discover the cosmos! Each day a different image or photograph of our fascinating universe is featured, along with a brief explanation written by a professional astronomer.
October 24, 1998
Explanation: Sunrise seen from low Earth orbit by the shuttle astronauts can be very dramatic indeed ( and the authors apologize to... | <urn:uuid:c9075ef6-33ed-4b24-8c3e-133f541a5196> | 3.171875 | 192 | Knowledge Article | Science & Tech. | 43.921905 |
I believe that, from the perspective of the C++ Standard, there is no difference between #include "xyz.h" and #include "xyz.cpp" if they both contain the same thing. In practice, an IDE might create the makefile (or other build script) such that "xyz.cpp" is compiled even when it should not be, possibly leading to rede... | <urn:uuid:2f3a7e6a-1591-4c19-b893-45b791782dd2> | 2.75 | 619 | Comment Section | Software Dev. | 53.381491 |
|Name, Symbol, Number|| krypton, Kr, 36
|Chemical series||noble gases|
|Group, Period, Block||18, 4, p|
|Appearance|| colorless |
|Atomic mass||83.798(2) g/mol|
|Electron configuration||[Ar] 3d10 4s2 4p6|
|Electrons per shell||2, 8, 18, 8|
|Density|| (0 °C, 101.325 kPa)|
|Melting point|| 115.79 K|
(-157.36 °C, -251.25 ... | <urn:uuid:dd2b7efe-0dbd-42a5-b50d-781bb9434163> | 3.28125 | 1,260 | Knowledge Article | Science & Tech. | 60.270636 |
Economic growth in China has led to significant increases in fossil fuel consumption © stock.xchng (frédéric dupont, patator)
Per capita CO2 emissions in China reach EU levels
Global emissions of carbon dioxide (CO2) – the main cause of global warming – increased by 3% last year. In China, the world’s most populous cou... | <urn:uuid:5dbd7929-f5e4-4e00-8ee1-ac82d4729d56> | 3.03125 | 398 | Knowledge Article | Science & Tech. | 42.668752 |
Plants have evolved a number of cold-response genes encoding proteins that induce tolerance to freezing, alter water absorption and initiate many other low temperature induced processes. In the 1 April Genes and Development, Jian-Kang Zhu and colleagues of the Department of Plant Sciences, University of Arizona, shed l... | <urn:uuid:3649223e-8026-4378-8234-d8647036ba6d> | 2.984375 | 297 | Academic Writing | Science & Tech. | 27.405926 |
- If the Earth rotated in the opposite sense (clockwise rather than counterclockwise), how long would the solar day be?
- Suppose that the Earth’s pole was perpendicular to its orbit. How would the azimuth of sunrise vary throughout the year? How would the length of day and night vary throughout the year at the equator... | <urn:uuid:dbe88d6f-99d3-40e4-ae1c-e659a8cace09> | 3.625 | 1,143 | Content Listing | Science & Tech. | 56.8545 |
Search Loci: Convergence:
The Reader may here observe the Force of Numbers, which can be successfully applied, even to those things, which one would imagine are subject to no Rules. There are very few things which we know, which are not capable of being reduc'd to a Mathematical Reasoning; and when they cannot it's a s... | <urn:uuid:1133c1bd-455a-4f42-be03-ecffa85e1482> | 2.75 | 763 | Academic Writing | Science & Tech. | 34.359673 |
Will The Earth Stop Rotating?
Date: 1999 - 2000
Will the earth stop rotating?
Yes, but not for a long long long time. (If I remember correctly, it is
currently slowing down by about half a second per century.) As the
earth rotates it gets stretched and squeezed by tidal forces. The
energy required to do this work comes... | <urn:uuid:04155edf-d0d0-4ea6-b914-a10ba3c95a22> | 3.15625 | 476 | Knowledge Article | Science & Tech. | 74.65 |
Using OpenMP - The Book and Examples
Use this forum to discuss the book: Using OpenMP- Portable Shared Memory Parallel Programming
by Barbara Chapman, Gabriele Jost and Ruud van der Pashttp://mitpress.mit.edu/catalog/item/default.asp?ttype=2&tid=11387
The sources are available as a free download under the BSD license. ... | <urn:uuid:cdc62d61-188b-4a3a-9317-ec4f7188eca6> | 2.890625 | 312 | Comment Section | Software Dev. | 45.194425 |
An Analysis of the Classic Arctic Outbreak Event of Late December 2008-Early January 2009
By Christian M. Cassell
Stratospheric Role |
The 2008-2009 winter was characterized by colder than normal temperatures and above normal snowfall for each month from October through March. While there was no one significant snow ev... | <urn:uuid:9aae393d-86f4-4331-b269-7344c5e77b24> | 2.78125 | 406 | Truncated | Science & Tech. | 38.90308 |
Science subject and location tags
Articles, documents and multimedia from ABC Science
Monday, 18 February 2013
Heavy metal music fans in a mosh pit act like atoms in a gas - a finding that could advance emergency evacuation design and planning.
Wednesday, 21 September 2011
An Australian seismologist says this week's tr... | <urn:uuid:3ab4852f-3f65-46af-a429-f89b21ced198> | 2.703125 | 305 | Content Listing | Science & Tech. | 29.245053 |
stressArticle Free Pass
stress, in physical sciences and engineering, force per unit area within materials that arises from externally applied forces, uneven heating, or permanent deformation and that permits an accurate description and prediction of elastic, plastic, and fluid behaviour. A stress is expressed as a quo... | <urn:uuid:79e0dfc6-44f0-433d-bdf7-1f27c991027e> | 4.21875 | 547 | Knowledge Article | Science & Tech. | 46.057482 |
evidence suggests that life originated in extreme environments,
for example, at high temperatures. The National Science
Foundation (NSF) has initiated a program called Life in
the Extreme Environment (LExEn) that is dedicated to finding
new and exciting organisms that live in harsh environments.
The Extreme 2000 resear... | <urn:uuid:34eb878c-35eb-443f-b0b8-8f0942552023> | 3.984375 | 546 | Knowledge Article | Science & Tech. | 35.707536 |
We consider a simple pure substance under hydrostatic conditions
described by the following fundamental equation:
where the extensive variables U, V and N are the internal energy, the volume, and the number of particles respectively, and the intensive variables T, p and are the temperature, the pressure and the chemica... | <urn:uuid:f64a9fe0-fb27-407b-891a-d7ab31581e3a> | 2.78125 | 451 | Academic Writing | Science & Tech. | 23.064551 |
Electricity and magnetism
The dot product Introduction to the vector dot product.
The dot product
⇐ Use this menu to view and help create subtitles for this video in many different languages. You'll probably want to hide YouTube's captions if using these subtitles.
- Let's learn a little bit about the dot product.
- Th... | <urn:uuid:897a62d5-1a0a-42ef-a9ef-517a73b9b936> | 4.53125 | 2,885 | Truncated | Science & Tech. | 74.68687 |
Zoologger is our weekly column highlighting extraordinary animals – and occasionally other organisms – from around the world
Step from a sunlit hillside into the darkness of a cave, and you immediately have a problem: you can't see. It's best to stand still for a few minutes until your eyes adjust to the dimness, other... | <urn:uuid:af338612-8df7-49f3-953a-3be7407dfe41> | 3.390625 | 1,252 | Truncated | Science & Tech. | 53.685916 |
- 1 hammer
- something hard and resonant (and inanimate) to bang it on
- 1 clock with a second hand
- 1 measuring tape
- 1 helper
- 1 pair of binoculars
Sound travels at 344 metres per second in air at 20 °C. This is slow enough for noises to be noticeably delayed when heard from even quite a short distance. You can us... | <urn:uuid:b9c9157d-c12e-4d9b-b2f0-ad73f0197497> | 3.703125 | 218 | Truncated | Science & Tech. | 64.579538 |
|National Weather Service|
Contents: About, Graph, Status Maps, History Button, Credits
To use this website, click on the appropriate REGION. This will update the list of STATIONS and show a "Status Map" for that region. Click on your desired station, either on the map or in the list of STATIONS. This will bring up a g... | <urn:uuid:2ef9c003-396e-4752-b9a6-dcc3dae7c434> | 3.171875 | 985 | Documentation | Science & Tech. | 64.47905 |
The associative array -- an indispensable data type used to describe a collection of unique keys and associated values -- is a mainstay of all programming languages, PHP included. In fact, associative arrays are so central to the task of Web development that PHP supports dozens of functions and other features capable o... | <urn:uuid:8d9d41d5-5f23-454d-95a8-8abc57ab3eae> | 3.046875 | 722 | Tutorial | Software Dev. | 24.560172 |
CSIRO Marine and Atmospheric Research, Barrie Hunt, says 'Despite 2010 being a very warm year globally, the severity of the 2009-2010 northern winter and a wetter and cooler Australia in 2010 relative to the past few years have been misinterpreted by some to imply that climate change is not occurring.'
'Recent wet cond... | <urn:uuid:df0d3c64-9bd5-4d02-98f8-7a7c217e5a58> | 3.40625 | 601 | Knowledge Article | Science & Tech. | 26.796172 |
The magnitude system works quite well for quantifying the brightness of stars. We know that a 6th magnitude star will be barely visible to the unaided eye from rural areas, yet easily seen in even the smallest of telescopes.
The magnitude system doesn’t work as well for deep-sky objects. Consider the spiral galaxy M33 ... | <urn:uuid:a964755c-840c-4fb5-bf10-6a64094c1257> | 3.71875 | 470 | Knowledge Article | Science & Tech. | 60.508222 |
Note the cold spots are not along the geographic line from the N. Pole to the S. Pole but where the globe, tilted and tipped, is getting the least amount of sunshine! Depending on the tipping and what part of the globe is getting sunlight, the coldest spot is not the geographic N. Pole, but that part of the globe that ... | <urn:uuid:c22f6858-5b30-4acd-b9da-15d49797c5ba> | 2.8125 | 627 | Comment Section | Science & Tech. | 86.902402 |
Tornadoes and Climate Change: Huge Stakes, Huge Unknowns
Posted: 12:05 PM EDT on May 23, 2013
We currently do not know how tornadoes and severe thunderstorms may be changing due to climate change, nor is there hope that we will be able to do so in the foreseeable future. It does not appear that there has been an increa... | <urn:uuid:e7908a91-7b74-42c2-ab95-59e1ffdccb6a> | 3.015625 | 204 | Content Listing | Science & Tech. | 64.028462 |
Exceptions are a means of breaking out of the normal flow of control
of a code block in order to handle errors or other exceptional
conditions. An exception is
The Python interpreter raises an exception when it detects a run-time error (such as division by zero). A Python program can also explicitly raise an exception ... | <urn:uuid:369dd57f-25d9-44e6-832c-29ed8d0645d2> | 4.09375 | 331 | Documentation | Software Dev. | 47.998813 |
July 24, 2011
The photo above shows a lovely group of mushrooms nestled against the trunk of a eucalyptus tree. The association between the fungi and the tree however is no accident. This is a mutualistic relationship, where the two species assist each other, and in fact probably would be poorer without each other. Mut... | <urn:uuid:8821cc54-1a17-46f7-9c23-b857acf0dd8d> | 3.40625 | 492 | Personal Blog | Science & Tech. | 43.200575 |
A. There is an instant at which the string is completely straight.
B. When the two pulses interfere, the energy of the pulses is momentarily zero.
C. There is a point on the string that does not move up or down.
D. There are several points on the string that do not move up or down.
E. A and C are both true.
F. B and D ... | <urn:uuid:abc13551-d525-435b-9b24-7edce26b05a0> | 2.890625 | 88 | Q&A Forum | Science & Tech. | 93.35131 |
Our main goal here is to give a quick visual summary that is at once convincing and data rich. These employ some of the most basic tools of visual data analysis and should probably become form part of the basic vocabulary of an experimental mathematician. Note that traditionally one would run a test such as the Anderso... | <urn:uuid:6697aede-f5b6-4d7b-b653-9cc6d6586fb4> | 3.5625 | 554 | Academic Writing | Science & Tech. | 42.204993 |
No for "dry", yes for "wet".
For "dry friction", such as a box on a floor, it is relatively constant. Why is this? Most objects are microscopically rough with "peaks" that move against each-other. As more pressing force is applied, the peaks deform more and the true contact area is increases proportionally. The surface... | <urn:uuid:55986c1f-03be-4b53-892f-8b50cf3b888c> | 3.203125 | 417 | Q&A Forum | Science & Tech. | 52.590476 |
Major Section: HISTORY
Example Forms: ACL2 !>:puff* :max ACL2 !>:puff* :x ACL2 !>:puff* 15 ACL2 !>:puff* "book"where
General Form: :puff* cd
cdis a command descriptor (see command-descriptor) for a ``puffable'' command. See puff for the definition of ``puffable'' and for a description of the basic act of ``puffing'' a ... | <urn:uuid:7bd5fd8e-4c80-4b18-a90d-19caa3325195> | 3.203125 | 605 | Documentation | Software Dev. | 63.6203 |
C++ is the canonical example of a language that combines low-level and high-level features1. It doesn't simulate anything, it provides native support for almost every high-level construct you'll usually find in a common high-level language and almost every low-level construct you'll find in C.
But of course the terms a... | <urn:uuid:1057cee7-b38e-492a-9886-804e9b564515> | 3.515625 | 621 | Q&A Forum | Software Dev. | 43.192733 |
Question by Alexis: chemistry reaction problem?? about mass? please help! thanks!?
An experiment that led to the formation of the new field of organic chemistry involved the synthesis of urea, CN2H4O, by the controlled reaction of ammonia and carbon dioxide.
2 NH3(g) + CO2(g) CN2H4O(s) + H2O(l)
What is the mass of urea... | <urn:uuid:1f0694c7-c307-49e9-9302-c31b7f0251dc> | 2.96875 | 335 | Q&A Forum | Science & Tech. | 78.739294 |
Science Fair Project Encyclopedia
Chalcedony is one of the cryptocrystalline varieties of the mineral quartz, having a waxy luster. It may be semitransparent or translucent and is usually white to gray, grayish-blue or some shade of brown, sometimes nearly black. Other shades have been given different names. A clear re... | <urn:uuid:e588db7b-ec20-4a2f-a0ec-63d57c6f1119> | 3.78125 | 197 | Knowledge Article | Science & Tech. | 44.505086 |
Joined: Oct. 2006
Ever hear of the Bacterial Flagellum? Upon electron microscope examination, it looks very much like a machine!
In fact, it bears a strong resemblance to an outboard motor, you know, the kind you see on the back of those small aluminum-fishing boats.
Any way, the Bacterial Flagellum is what scientists ... | <urn:uuid:4bd9bc64-1499-49d0-b513-8236057bf840> | 3.796875 | 212 | Q&A Forum | Science & Tech. | 50.977998 |
We have seen that the grand disparity that was believed to exist between the way Nature works here on earth and in the heavens is not valid. The question remains, however, can we learn everything we need to know by investigating phenomena here on earth and extending that result to the Universe at large?
The answer must... | <urn:uuid:f9420df7-da98-4a38-b73a-49b3f5de5570> | 3.265625 | 638 | Q&A Forum | Science & Tech. | 45.422311 |
This lecture is about ways of looking at DNA sequences in complete genomes and chromosomes, in terms of symmetry elements. There are two parts to this talk. In Part 1, I will discuss the fact that we simply have "Too Much Information" becoming available, and the problem will only get worse in the near future. There are... | <urn:uuid:4efde337-022b-4a51-bb2b-99949f551b28> | 3.046875 | 2,521 | Audio Transcript | Science & Tech. | 61.187538 |
Delaware Bay — One
a 10,000-Mile-Long Chain
During May and early June, the shores of Delaware Bay resonate
with the cheerful chattering of more than 20 species of migratory
shorebirds. Delaware Bay provides an ecologically important
stepping-stone for the birds' spring pilgrimage to Arctic nesting
grounds.The Delaware ... | <urn:uuid:04ebbc42-3082-425f-9757-68642066de98> | 3.375 | 630 | Knowledge Article | Science & Tech. | 41.248588 |
Two researchers from the State Key Laboratory of Millimeter Waves at Southeast University from Nanjing, China, have discovered and prototyped a device that acts like a black hole for electromagnetic waves in the microwave spectrum. It consists of 60 concentric rings of metamaterials, a class or ordered composites that ... | <urn:uuid:9223455a-55b0-44bb-b0c4-c351a964fb39> | 3.328125 | 510 | Personal Blog | Science & Tech. | 30.252155 |
ATP hydrolysis in F1-ATPase
Why is F1Fo-ATP synthase so important?
F1Fo-ATP synthase, or ATP synthase for short, is one of the most abundant proteins in every organism. It is responsible for synthesizing the molecule adenosine tri-phosphate (ATP), the cells’ energy currency. ATP is depicted in Fig. 1 and used to power ... | <urn:uuid:ffc4d1d4-49ed-4dfd-b327-6c2f202a05b7> | 3.53125 | 1,351 | Academic Writing | Science & Tech. | 36.90577 |
a. Synoptic history
An extratropical low pressure system formed just east of the Turks and
Caicos Islands near 0000 UTC 25 October in response to an upper level
cyclone interacting with a frontal system. The low initially moved
northwestward, and in combination with a strong surface high to the north
developed into a g... | <urn:uuid:d64fb991-6106-4d55-b5c7-2cf381540ae9> | 3.09375 | 2,083 | Knowledge Article | Science & Tech. | 70.098467 |
In programming, classification of a particular type of information. It is easy for humans to distinguish between different types of data. We can usually tell at a glance whether a number is a percentage, a time, or an amount of money. We do this through special symbols -- %, :, and $ -- that indicate the data's type. S... | <urn:uuid:47437832-f7d4-4366-94ba-2caef5456fb8> | 3.609375 | 152 | Knowledge Article | Software Dev. | 27.357179 |
xmlsh is derived from a similar syntax as the unix shells (see Philosophy) . If you are familiar with any of these shell languages (sh,bash,ksh,zsh) you should be right at home. An attempt was made to stay very close to the sh syntax where reasonable, but not all subtlies or features of the unix shells are implemented.... | <urn:uuid:693b762b-6579-4096-8873-426b157e93c6> | 2.78125 | 532 | Documentation | Software Dev. | 41.737462 |
Simple observational proof of the greenhouse effect of carbon dioxide
Posted by Ari Jokimäki on April 19, 2010
Recently, I showed briefly a simple observational proof that greenhouse effect exists using a paper by Ellingson & Wiscombe (1996). Now I will present a similar paper that deepens the proof and shows more clea... | <urn:uuid:7ca379c3-faf0-4aab-83e1-0999a130f017> | 2.78125 | 746 | Personal Blog | Science & Tech. | 45.861755 |
The Active Galactic Nucleus (AGN) of Seyfert galaxy M77 (NGC 1068), about 60 million light years from Earth, in the X-ray light, as photographed by Chandra X-ray Observatory.
A composite Chandra X-ray (blue/green) and Hubble optical (red) image of M77 (NGC 1068) shows hot gas blowing away from a central supermassive ob... | <urn:uuid:ca6a66be-8a64-433f-8fae-bbae7e01bdef> | 3.59375 | 499 | Knowledge Article | Science & Tech. | 79.921157 |
Mission Type: Flyby
Launch Vehicle: Titan IIIE-Centaur (TC-7 / Titan no. 23E-7 / Centaur D-1T)
Launch Site: Cape Canaveral, USA, Launch Complex 41
NASA Center: Jet Propulsion Laboratory
Spacecraft Mass: 2,080 kg (822 kg mission module)
Spacecraft Instruments: 1) imaging system; 2) ultraviolet spectrometer; 3) infrared ... | <urn:uuid:8dc77e83-9fed-44f4-9ea1-785ba6eb8250> | 2.8125 | 2,129 | Knowledge Article | Science & Tech. | 54.372877 |
This page describes how to specify the direction of a vector. It contains a text description and an animation of an arrow turning counterclockwise that displays the degree that it is at. There are links at the bottom of the page for similar animations.
This tutorial is part of The Physics Classroom. This web site also ... | <urn:uuid:6a11f536-346c-4d0c-958b-70bb1362951b> | 3.46875 | 192 | Tutorial | Science & Tech. | 45.497727 |
Category: Sponges view all from this category
Description 8" tall (20 cm) and 1" (2.5 cm) wide. Sponge produces brilliantly colored tree-like, intertwined branches in red and orange. Surface is covered with tiny, scattered pores.
Habitat Ocean or bay shallows, Tidepools.
Range Eastern Canada, Florida, New England, Mid-... | <urn:uuid:5b37c27a-2d82-4de1-8942-df11c18b4567> | 3.09375 | 147 | Knowledge Article | Science & Tech. | 33.730857 |
- Formation of H2 and CH4 by weathering of olivine at temperatures between 30 and 70°CAnna Neubeck
Department of Geological Sciences, Stockholm University, Sweden
Geochem Trans 12:6. 2011..This may expand the range of environments plausible for abiotic CH4 formation both on Earth and on other terrestrial bodies...
- Me... | <urn:uuid:42de6163-2efa-4490-ba7a-c4d0a2a4ed7f> | 2.796875 | 378 | Content Listing | Science & Tech. | 25.039844 |
|Feb8-13, 06:53 AM||#1|
Friction conditions on contact point of disc
I have some doubts regarding the friction force on a certain situation. Imagine a disc over a fixed flat surface. Like this:
The disc has two motions, rotational and translational but these are independent of each other. I mean the translational motio... | <urn:uuid:71afd96d-d742-443c-bdac-974756c057f4> | 2.75 | 316 | Comment Section | Science & Tech. | 52.911731 |
A regular expression (regexp) is a text string that describes some set of strings.
Functions that handle regular expressions, based on GNU regexp-0.12, have been implemented (for more details, see the GNU documentation about regexp rules).
The functions available from Search menu provide search forward or backward and ... | <urn:uuid:3fca356f-7757-4c16-b824-ba85de9811d8> | 2.953125 | 370 | Documentation | Software Dev. | 62.315392 |
Fascinating creatures indeed bentley!
Cuttlefish belong to the Cephalopoda class and includes squid, octopuses, and nautiluses). Although they are known as fish, they are mollusks and not fish! Recent studies indicate that cuttlefish are among the most intelligent invertebrates. Internationally there are 120 species of... | <urn:uuid:b54600a1-7fc1-4680-a155-982badee16b7> | 3.421875 | 703 | Comment Section | Science & Tech. | 39.829133 |
This is another image I found on Google+
All lines are absolutely straight, parallel and perpendicular but why does it appear to have a curvature?
Related: How does this illusion work?
Like these questions :) Many of these illusions come from Prof. Akiyoshi Kitaoka, a japanese Psychologist and expert for Gestalt Psycho... | <urn:uuid:41b7145c-e537-491e-9369-ebe5ab5d7f66> | 2.71875 | 399 | Q&A Forum | Science & Tech. | 25.346958 |
Scientific name: Coenonympha tullia
Rests with wings closed. Some have row of ‘eyespots’ on underwings, like Ringlet, but some don’t.
The Large Heath is restricted to wet boggy habitats in northern Britain, Ireland, and a few isolated sites in Wales and central England.
The adults always sit with their wings closed and... | <urn:uuid:3a335f27-c035-4215-b4c2-b0179298929c> | 3.5 | 520 | Knowledge Article | Science & Tech. | 28.962464 |
We said on the Getting Started Page that HTML is
nothing more than a box of highlighters that we use to carefully describe our text. This is mostly the entire story. Normally our content is just text we want to define in some way. But what if our content is not just text? What if, let’s say, we have a bunch of images t... | <urn:uuid:802e6015-705c-4518-969a-a08bf3e5ad88> | 3.234375 | 1,534 | Documentation | Software Dev. | 64.109588 |
I was given this code from a thread that I created (i cannot remember who) and I would like somebody (preferably the same person who gave it to me) to explain what each line does ('cause i've got no idea). And also, when I compile it (in MSVC++ 6.0), it does nothing but sit there!! It is meant to display all of the lin... | <urn:uuid:364ad431-a0c8-44e7-8c15-f614a15b6f5a> | 2.875 | 180 | Personal Blog | Software Dev. | 78.901365 |
Cyanobacterial Emergence at 2.8 Gya and Greenhouse Feedbacks
D. Schwartzman, K. Caldeira & A. Pavlov
Approximately 2.8 billion years ago, cyanobacteria and a methane-influenced greenhouse emerged nearly simultaneously. Here we hypothesize that the evolution of cyanobacteria could have caused a methane greenhouse.
Appar... | <urn:uuid:f4947171-69c0-4989-a627-b8ca8e544ab3> | 2.71875 | 417 | Academic Writing | Science & Tech. | 22.795393 |
Note: Using access() to check if a user is authorized to e.g. open a file before actually doing so using open() creates a security hole, because the user might exploit the short time interval between checking and opening the file to manipulate it.
Note: I/O operations may fail even when access() indicates that they wou... | <urn:uuid:cc9bee38-ec23-4459-b5cc-5601b63c418b> | 2.921875 | 2,355 | Documentation | Software Dev. | 47.354915 |
|Foundation of Quantum Theory|
The following well-known experiments serve as a motivation for studying quantum theory. The experimental results cannot be explained using ideas from classical physics.
|1. Blackbody Radiation||2. Photoelectric Effect||3. Compton Effect|
It is well-known that when a body is heated it emit... | <urn:uuid:ce82c755-4001-49b5-866b-576e95373ef8> | 3.671875 | 3,244 | Academic Writing | Science & Tech. | 44.877323 |
In the applet below you see 1D realisation of white and correlated noise
with equidistant step in x. Independent random points
uniform distribution on interval (-1, 1) make the white noise (the blue
curve). Correlated random points Vi (the red curve) are
obtained by averaging of white noise in radius Rc sphere, i.e.
ke... | <urn:uuid:ad8ea79d-d059-4e6b-9162-059c5c2dc206> | 2.6875 | 403 | Academic Writing | Science & Tech. | 76.022895 |
Length of metal strips produced by a machine are normally distributed with mean length of 150 cm and a standard deviation of 10 cm. Find the probability that the length of a randomly selected strip is
i/ Shorter than 165 cm?
ii/ Longer than 170 cm?
iii/ Between 145 cm and 155 cm? | <urn:uuid:b1c81644-32dd-49d4-ba08-7b8c59cdda58> | 3.1875 | 65 | Q&A Forum | Science & Tech. | 88.035307 |
Newton's first law states that an object will keep doing what it is doing if left alone, in other words - The natural state of an object is static - unchanging - motion.
Newton's second law clarifies the first. Acceleration, or any change in motion, is an unnatural state for an arbitrary object left to its laurels, how... | <urn:uuid:9653235f-f275-4ae2-8e05-52f71a5a082d> | 3.390625 | 273 | Q&A Forum | Science & Tech. | 39.848107 |
Contrary to popular belief, astronauts still have weight while they are orbiting the earth. In fact, Shuttle astronauts weigh almost as much in space as they do on the earth's surface. But these astronauts are in free fall, together with their ship, and their downward accelerations prevents them from measuring their we... | <urn:uuid:5696a8c8-21e4-4bdc-a7a2-5523499690d2> | 4.5 | 240 | Q&A Forum | Science & Tech. | 42.654701 |
Defects combine to make perfect devices
Jun 26, 2002
Faulty components are usually rejected in the manufacture of computers and other high-tech devices. However, Damien Challet and Neil Johnson of Oxford University say that this need not be the case. They have used statistical physics to show that the errors from defec... | <urn:uuid:7ed1dcb4-7e35-4561-bffe-329002b7a93d> | 3.671875 | 584 | Truncated | Science & Tech. | 32.359988 |
Launch Date: December 02, 1997
Mission Project Home Page - http://www.mpe-garching.mpg.de/EQS/eqs_home.html
EQUATOR-S was a low-cost mission designed to study the Earth's equatorial magnetosphere out to distances of 67000 km. It formed an element of the closely-coordinated fleet of satellites that compose the IASTP pro... | <urn:uuid:08b61c80-8adc-4d5c-92e2-9ac587918416> | 3.09375 | 335 | Knowledge Article | Science & Tech. | 48.947562 |
PHP is considered an insecure language to develop in not because of secret backdoors put in by the PHP language developers, but because it was initially developed without security as a major concern and compared to other languages/web frameworks its difficult to develop securely in it.
E.g., if you develop a LAMP/LAPP ... | <urn:uuid:9f5695bc-5609-4c4f-ad0d-a28ed7a4e1d1> | 2.78125 | 437 | Q&A Forum | Software Dev. | 23.270071 |
Volume 9, Issue 2
Tricks of the Trade
In and Out
Download This Issue
Learning about Differential Equations from Their Symmetries
Application of MathSym to Analyzing an Ordinary Differential Equation
In the previous section we used a scaling symmetry to help understand the solutions of a pair of differential equations. ... | <urn:uuid:621b4b37-387c-4787-9931-0da8ab590a19> | 3.359375 | 692 | Truncated | Science & Tech. | 36.476891 |
EVEN a material 10 billion times as strong as steel has a breaking point. It seems neutron stars may shatter under extreme forces, explaining puzzling X-ray flares.
Neutron stars are dense remnants of stars gone supernova, packing the mass of the sun into a sphere the size of a city. Their cores may be fluid, but their... | <urn:uuid:dde9296d-febe-4cf0-8ed1-a0f99cdc6029> | 3.921875 | 484 | Truncated | Science & Tech. | 47.882598 |
A tsunami is a series of waves most commonly caused by violent movement of the sea floor. In some ways, it resembles the ripples radiating outward from the spot where stone has been thrown into the water, but a tsunami can occur on an enormous scale. Tsunamis are generated by any large, impulsive displacement of the se... | <urn:uuid:87a817df-e201-474d-b964-dcde3f8d1a17> | 4.90625 | 2,112 | Knowledge Article | Science & Tech. | 39.834447 |
Right now, the accelerator is stopped for the annual maintenance shutdown. This is the opportunity to fix all problems that occurred during the past year both on the accelerator and the experiments. The detectors are opened and all accessible malfunctioning equipment is being repaired or replaced.
In the 27-km long LHC... | <urn:uuid:f37ea100-b3b9-472e-bffa-c0ee6d515f58> | 3.328125 | 1,236 | Personal Blog | Science & Tech. | 47.898318 |
There has been a flurry of recent commentary concerning Amazon drought – some of it good, some of it not so good. The good stuff has revolved around a recently-completed interesting field experiment that was run out of the Woods Hole Research Center (not to be confused with the Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution), wh... | <urn:uuid:34247e22-9bec-4ed3-b5e5-15b6d905fbaf> | 2.8125 | 773 | Personal Blog | Science & Tech. | 38.063333 |
& Tornado Alley
the Programming Language
A Language for Symbolic Computation
through the Processing of Lists
There are primarily two computer languages used in artificial intelligence work, LISP and PROLOG. LISP, which is short for List Processing, was created by John McCarthy of Stanford University. It looks klutzy bu... | <urn:uuid:bfb69420-bb97-4807-ab29-878736b74ff1> | 3.21875 | 154 | Knowledge Article | Software Dev. | 27.653437 |
A Field Guide to Supernova Spectra
Both types exhibit a wide variety of subclasses. Type Ia is of no interest because these stars don't emit neutrinos. Types Ib and Ic are thought to undergo core collapse like Type II supernovae and, therefore, should emit neutrinos.
As Maurice Gavin explains in "The Revival of Amateur... | <urn:uuid:0144adaf-17ca-4b41-b201-32a6d62c4484> | 3.171875 | 294 | Tutorial | Science & Tech. | 31.275975 |
New from Webteacher Software and partners, GoogleMapBuilder.com
An easy interface to turn any spreadsheet into a Google Map
Webteacher Software now offers
I teach computer classes for a living to corporate clients of all levels. After 2 years of teaching, I have learned a lot about communication between people of vario... | <urn:uuid:7772f169-1fe0-4821-9f17-fc1a29f7ccbe> | 3.390625 | 717 | Personal Blog | Software Dev. | 45.295065 |
Chronometric Techniques–Part II
Most of the chronometric dating methods in use today are radiometric . That is to say, they are based on knowledge of the rate at which certain radioactive isotopes within dating samples decay or the rate of other cumulative changes in atoms resulting from radioactivity. Isotopes are spe... | <urn:uuid:0e63bd67-645e-4c01-8ec7-e353f79e75fb> | 3.71875 | 3,552 | Knowledge Article | Science & Tech. | 42.607484 |
Forest Ecosystems: Current Research
Regional Fire/Climate Relationships in the Pacific Northwest and Beyond
Fire exerts a strong influence on the structure and function of many terrestrial ecosystems. In forested ecosystems, the factors controlling the frequency, intensity, and size of fires are complex and operate at ... | <urn:uuid:e4092633-013e-4995-97f5-6212c2dac106> | 2.8125 | 549 | Academic Writing | Science & Tech. | 27.702762 |
During the 1980s the number of babies born annually was around 12. The total twice fell sharply in the 1990s until just a single calf appeared in 2000. Since then, the average has risen to more than 20 calves a year. Yet this remains 30 percent below the whales' potential rate of reproduction. Why? If scientists are to... | <urn:uuid:f20dd62f-b6cd-4a43-b899-d8bd8fdb0627> | 3.1875 | 541 | Nonfiction Writing | Science & Tech. | 65.860114 |
Please use this identifier to cite or link to this item: http://hdl.handle.net/1959.13/916979
- The 'humped' soil production function: eroding Arnhem Land, Australia
Heimsath, Arjun M.;
Hancock, Greg R.
- The University of Newcastle. Faculty of Science & Information Technology, School of Environmental and Life Sciences... | <urn:uuid:aaec1b94-9ba9-4b55-bc0f-d21d25032da1> | 2.96875 | 496 | Academic Writing | Science & Tech. | 41.331953 |
As the popularized side of the debate has led us to expect, the authors found that the coldest year (1863) and the coldest decade (1810s) are early in the record, well before the ballyhooed warming of the 20th century. Problematic from a climate change standpoint is the fact that the two distinct cold periods that made... | <urn:uuid:54298b9a-1cd7-4039-ba9b-013180e3e21a> | 3.734375 | 447 | Personal Blog | Science & Tech. | 34.807563 |
Climate Witness: Pak Azhar, Indonesia
I have been living in Balikukup since 1999. Balikukup is a small island of 18 ha consisting mainly of sandbanks. However, the island’s size is not fixed as it depends on the tides. During low tide, a large sandbank is exposed, extending 1 km towards the sea.
The weather is a signif... | <urn:uuid:17978afc-38d0-4b2f-ac01-3569ee170f80> | 2.796875 | 1,253 | Knowledge Article | Science & Tech. | 39.749783 |
Plan for an unmanned mission to Earth's core
First, split the ground open with cataclysmic force, then fill it with the world's entire supply of molten iron carrying a small communication probe - and the resulting 3,000 kilometre journey to Earth's core should take about a week, according to a U.S. planetary physicist.... | <urn:uuid:e3d8cbe1-af62-4fab-911a-d7705b5c0ea2> | 3.796875 | 785 | Truncated | Science & Tech. | 42.832035 |
Get ready for Comet PANSTARRS — 2013's first naked-eye comet
Comet PANSTARRS promises to be the brightest comet in six years when it peaks in March.
February 26, 2013
Luis Argerich from Buenos Aires, Argentina, captured Comet PANSTARRS in the sky above Mercedes, Argentina, on February 11, 2013. The comet shone at magni... | <urn:uuid:e69a0af5-424d-41c4-ae2e-f8bcfbc644b5> | 3.109375 | 1,443 | Nonfiction Writing | Science & Tech. | 61.908393 |
So last time, Tetra was being enlightened by MC-kun about definitions. This actually arises from MC-kun using prime numbers as a motivating example.
Primes are megas important in mathematics and even more important today. The entire branch of mathematics called number theory is all about studying the properties of prim... | <urn:uuid:64fa679e-b305-4951-86ba-269d9887820f> | 3.203125 | 1,216 | Personal Blog | Science & Tech. | 62.536472 |
Dino Eggs…And What's Inside
by Sara F. Schacter
What could be rarer than discovering the egg of a real dinosaur? How about finding the baby dinosaur still inside? In a huge dinosaur nesting ground in Argentina, scientists recently found the fossil remains of six unhatched baby dinosaurs. About a foot long and snuggled ... | <urn:uuid:5fedcac0-271c-4f51-a936-a65585b0428f> | 3.71875 | 518 | Truncated | Science & Tech. | 51.383438 |
GEL is a dynamically scoped language. We will explain what this means below. That is, normal variables and functions are dynamically scoped. The exception are parameter variables, which are always global.
Like most programming languages, GEL has different types
of variables. Normally when a variable is defined in a fun... | <urn:uuid:0a75caa1-d419-405f-a5a1-a844a1b452be> | 3.015625 | 741 | Documentation | Software Dev. | 60.073473 |
MANY geologists rather dismiss man-made climate change. On the timescales they work in, they figure nature will absorb anything we throw at it. Not David Archer. The Long Thaw shows how, by digging up and burning our planet's carbon, we are determining climate for millennia hence. It also shows how we may soon unleash ... | <urn:uuid:afce46c1-c3eb-4974-8bef-ada8cf58d2b5> | 2.921875 | 153 | Truncated | Science & Tech. | 50.520179 |
Geoscience experts have developed a system of smart buoys that can predict the formation of self-reinforcing underwater waves, or solitons, 10 hours before they threaten the safety of oil rigs and divers. In 2008, Martin Goff and his colleagues at FUGROS, a geoscience consulting agency, successfully tested the system f... | <urn:uuid:67de25b3-2aa5-4eb7-8108-2b29a04d3ecc> | 3.21875 | 266 | Content Listing | Science & Tech. | 52.998413 |
Using an ultra-bright electron source, scientists at the University of Toronto have recorded atomic motions in real time, offering a glimpse into the very essence of chemistry and biology at the atomic level. Their recording is a direct observation of a transition state in which atoms undergo chemical transformation in... | <urn:uuid:38bd495e-a715-4cfc-97e2-fee204e62652> | 3.328125 | 1,873 | Content Listing | Science & Tech. | 22.222546 |
Giant squids, once believed to be mythical creatures, are squid of the Architeuthidae family, represented by as many as eight species of the genus Architeuthis.
They are deep-ocean dwelling squid that can grow to a tremendous size: recent estimates put the maximum size at 10 m (34 ft) for males and 13 m (44 ft) for fem... | <urn:uuid:d8040f71-3afa-434b-8a3e-1971af13bb0c> | 2.84375 | 161 | Knowledge Article | Science & Tech. | 31.655344 |
Risky Business: Gambling on Climate Sensitivity
Posted on 21 September 2010 by gpwayne
There are some things about our climate we are pretty certain about. Unfortunately, climate sensitivity isn’t one of them. Climate sensitivity is the estimate of how much the earth's climate will warm if carbon dioxide equivalents ar... | <urn:uuid:2464ec74-3208-4133-9bec-21d308e5cbbb> | 2.859375 | 793 | Personal Blog | Science & Tech. | 52.635958 |
Changing Planet: Black Carbon
Black carbon contributes to global warming in two ways. When in the atmosphere, it absorbs sunlight and generates heat, warming the air. When deposited on snow and ice, it changes the albedo of the surface, absorbing sunlight and generating heat. This further accelerates warming, since the... | <urn:uuid:7e0f4306-a276-497d-a041-0d920b423022> | 3.796875 | 523 | Tutorial | Science & Tech. | 62.789721 |
The study of motion is often called kinematics. We will begin our study with one dimensional kinematics. We will later expand to 2 and 3 dimensional kinematics after we have studied vectors.
We can give the position of an object in relation to a reference point. There are a number of variables we can use for position, ... | <urn:uuid:627b76b2-d80d-4591-b9b8-01ec5ccc1148> | 3.96875 | 2,093 | Tutorial | Science & Tech. | 59.364874 |