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GQA_llama2_version

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<s>[INST] <<SYS>> You are a helpful, respectful and honest assistant. Always answer as helpfully as possible, while being safe. Your answers should not include any harmful, unethical, racist, sexist, toxic, dangerous, or illegal content. Please ensure that your responses are socially unbiased and positive in nature. If a question does not make any sense, or is not factually coherent, explain why instead of answering something not correct. If you don't know the answer to a question, please don't share false information. <</SYS>> Extract from the following context the minimal span word for word that best answers the question. Think step by step and explain your reasoning. Then give the answer in JSON format as follows: ```json { "answer": ... } ``` If the answer is not in the context, the answer should be "?". Question: كيف يشبه الكاتالونية اللغات المجاورة؟ Context: انعطاف المحددات معقد ، خاصة بسبب العدد الكبير من الحذف ، ولكنه مشابه للغات المجاورة . الكاتالونية لديها تقلصات في حرف الجر + المادة أكثر من الإسبانية ، مثل dels ( " من + [الجمع] " ) ، ولكن ليس بقدر الإيطالية ( التي تحتوي على sul ، col ، nel ، إلخ ) . [/INST] ```json {<answer_start> "answer": "مشابهة في انعطاف المحددات وتقلصات حرف الجر والمادة" <answer_end> } ``` </s>

انعطاف المحددات معقد ، خاصة بسبب العدد الكبير من الحذف ، ولكنه مشابه للغات المجاورة . الكاتالونية لديها تقلصات في حرف الجر + المادة أكثر من الإسبانية ، مثل dels ( " من + [الجمع] " ) ، ولكن ليس بقدر الإيطالية ( التي تحتوي على sul ، col ، nel ، إلخ ) .

كيف يشبه الكاتالونية اللغات المجاورة؟

<s>[INST] <<SYS>> You are a helpful, respectful and honest assistant. Always answer as helpfully as possible, while being safe. Your answers should not include any harmful, unethical, racist, sexist, toxic, dangerous, or illegal content. Please ensure that your responses are socially unbiased and positive in nature. If a question does not make any sense, or is not factually coherent, explain why instead of answering something not correct. If you don't know the answer to a question, please don't share false information. <</SYS>> Extract from the following context the minimal span word for word that best answers the question. Think step by step and explain your reasoning. Then give the answer in JSON format as follows: ```json { "answer": ... } ``` If the answer is not in the context, the answer should be "?". Question: ما اسم الزلزال الذي حدث في ونتشوان ؟ Context: ومن المعروف أيضا باسم زلزال ونتشوان ( بالصينية : ؛ بينيين : W nchu n d d zh n ؛ حرفيا : " زلزال ونتشوان العظيم " ) ، بعد موقع مركز الزلزال ، مقاطعة ونتشوان ، سيتشوان . كان مركز الزلزال على بعد 80 كيلومترا ( 50 ميلا ) من الغرب إلى الشمال الغربي من تشنغدو ، عاصمة المقاطعة ، مع عمق بؤري يبلغ 19 كم ( 12 ميل ) . كما شعر بالزلزال في البلدان المجاورة وبعيدا مثل كل من بكين وشنغهاي - على بعد 1500 كم ( 930 ميل ) و 1700 كم ( 1060 ميل ) - حيث تمايلت مباني المكاتب مع الهزة . واستمرت الهزات الارتدادية القوية ، التي تجاوزت قوة بعضها 6 درجات ، في ضرب المنطقة حتى بعد أشهر من الزلزال الرئيسي ، مما تسبب في وقوع إصابات وأضرار جديدة . [/INST] ```json {<answer_start> "answer": "زلزال ونتشوان" <answer_end> } ``` </s>

ومن المعروف أيضا باسم زلزال ونتشوان ( بالصينية : ؛ بينيين : W nchu n d d zh n ؛ حرفيا : " زلزال ونتشوان العظيم " ) ، بعد موقع مركز الزلزال ، مقاطعة ونتشوان ، سيتشوان . كان مركز الزلزال على بعد 80 كيلومترا ( 50 ميلا ) من الغرب إلى الشمال الغربي من تشنغدو ، عاصمة المقاطعة ، مع عمق بؤري يبلغ 19 كم ( 12 ميل ) . كما شعر بالزلزال في البلدان المجاورة وبعيدا مثل كل من بكين وشنغهاي - على بعد 1500 كم ( 930 ميل ) و 1700 كم ( 1060 ميل ) - حيث تمايلت مباني المكاتب مع الهزة . واستمرت الهزات الارتدادية القوية ، التي تجاوزت قوة بعضها 6 درجات ، في ضرب المنطقة حتى بعد أشهر من الزلزال الرئيسي ، مما تسبب في وقوع إصابات وأضرار جديدة .

ما اسم الزلزال الذي حدث في ونتشوان ؟

<s>[INST] <<SYS>> You are a helpful, respectful and honest assistant. Always answer as helpfully as possible, while being safe. Your answers should not include any harmful, unethical, racist, sexist, toxic, dangerous, or illegal content. Please ensure that your responses are socially unbiased and positive in nature. If a question does not make any sense, or is not factually coherent, explain why instead of answering something not correct. If you don't know the answer to a question, please don't share false information. <</SYS>> Extract from the following context the minimal span word for word that best answers the question. Think step by step and explain your reasoning. Then give the answer in JSON format as follows: ```json { "answer": ... } ``` If the answer is not in the context, the answer should be "?". Question: ما الفكرة الرئيسية وراء قواعد بيرنسايد؟ Context: كانت قواعد بيرنسايد التي تشبه إلى حد كبير كرة القدم الأمريكية التي تم دمجها في عام 1903 من قبل ORFU ، محاولة لتمييزها عن لعبة أكثر توجها نحو الرجبي . كانت قواعد بيرنسايد قد خفضت الفرق إلى 12 رجلا لكل جانب ، وأدخلت نظام Snap - Back ، وطلبت من الفريق الهجومي الحصول على 10 ياردات في ثلاث عمليات هبوط ، وألغت رمي الكرة من الخطوط الجانبية ، وسمحت بستة رجال فقط على الخط ، وذكرت أن جميع الأهداف عن طريق الركل تستحق نقطتين وكان على الخصم أن يصطف على بعد 10 ياردات من المدافعين في جميع الركلات . وكانت القواعد محاولة لتوحيد القواعد في جميع أنحاء البلد . ورفضت اللجنة واتحاد حقوق الملكية الفكرية والاتحاد القطري للبحوث العلمية والتكنولوجية اعتماد القواعد الجديدة في البداية . لم يسمح بالتمريرات الأمامية في اللعبة الكندية حتى عام 1929 ، وتم زيادة الهبوط ، الذي كان خمس نقاط ، إلى ست نقاط في عام 1956 ، في كلتا الحالتين بعد عدة عقود من تبني الأمريكيين نفس التغييرات . تنبع الاختلافات الأساسية بين المباراتين الكندية والأمريكية من تغييرات القواعد التي اعتمدها الجانب الأمريكي من الحدود ولكن الجانب الكندي لم يفعل ذلك ( في الأصل ، كان لدى كلا الجانبين ثلاثة هبوط ، ومراكز أهداف على خطوط المرمى وحركة أمامية غير محدودة ، لكن الجانب الأمريكي عدل هذه القواعد ولم يفعل الكنديون ) . كان عرض الملعب الكندي إحدى القواعد التي لم تستند إلى القواعد الأمريكية ، حيث لعبت اللعبة الكندية في ملاعب وملاعب أوسع لم تكن ضيقة مثل الملاعب الأمريكية . [/INST] ```json {<answer_start> "answer": "توحيد القواعد في جميع أنحاء البلاد." <answer_end> } ``` </s>

كانت قواعد بيرنسايد التي تشبه إلى حد كبير كرة القدم الأمريكية التي تم دمجها في عام 1903 من قبل ORFU ، محاولة لتمييزها عن لعبة أكثر توجها نحو الرجبي . كانت قواعد بيرنسايد قد خفضت الفرق إلى 12 رجلا لكل جانب ، وأدخلت نظام Snap - Back ، وطلبت من الفريق الهجومي الحصول على 10 ياردات في ثلاث عمليات هبوط ، وألغت رمي الكرة من الخطوط الجانبية ، وسمحت بستة رجال فقط على الخط ، وذكرت أن جميع الأهداف عن طريق الركل تستحق نقطتين وكان على الخصم أن يصطف على بعد 10 ياردات من المدافعين في جميع الركلات . وكانت القواعد محاولة لتوحيد القواعد في جميع أنحاء البلد . ورفضت اللجنة واتحاد حقوق الملكية الفكرية والاتحاد القطري للبحوث العلمية والتكنولوجية اعتماد القواعد الجديدة في البداية . لم يسمح بالتمريرات الأمامية في اللعبة الكندية حتى عام 1929 ، وتم زيادة الهبوط ، الذي كان خمس نقاط ، إلى ست نقاط في عام 1956 ، في كلتا الحالتين بعد عدة عقود من تبني الأمريكيين نفس التغييرات . تنبع الاختلافات الأساسية بين المباراتين الكندية والأمريكية من تغييرات القواعد التي اعتمدها الجانب الأمريكي من الحدود ولكن الجانب الكندي لم يفعل ذلك ( في الأصل ، كان لدى كلا الجانبين ثلاثة هبوط ، ومراكز أهداف على خطوط المرمى وحركة أمامية غير محدودة ، لكن الجانب الأمريكي عدل هذه القواعد ولم يفعل الكنديون ) . كان عرض الملعب الكندي إحدى القواعد التي لم تستند إلى القواعد الأمريكية ، حيث لعبت اللعبة الكندية في ملاعب وملاعب أوسع لم تكن ضيقة مثل الملاعب الأمريكية .

ما الفكرة الرئيسية وراء قواعد بيرنسايد؟

<s>[INST] <<SYS>> You are a helpful, respectful and honest assistant. Always answer as helpfully as possible, while being safe. Your answers should not include any harmful, unethical, racist, sexist, toxic, dangerous, or illegal content. Please ensure that your responses are socially unbiased and positive in nature. If a question does not make any sense, or is not factually coherent, explain why instead of answering something not correct. If you don't know the answer to a question, please don't share false information. <</SYS>> Extract from the following context the minimal span word for word that best answers the question. Think step by step and explain your reasoning. Then give the answer in JSON format as follows: ```json { "answer": ... } ``` If the answer is not in the context, the answer should be "?". Question: ماذا يتم استناداً إليه في تصنيف الأشخاص في البرازيل حسب العرق؟ Context: مفهوم العرق في البرازيل معقد . فالطفل البرازيلي لا يعرف أبدا تلقائيا بالنوع العرقي لأحد والديه أو كليهما ، كما أنه لا توجد سوى فئتين للاختيار من بينها . بين فرد من أصل غير مختلط من غرب أفريقيا وفرد مولاتو خفيف جدا ، تم الاعتراف بأكثر من اثنتي عشرة فئة عرقية ، استنادا إلى مجموعات مختلفة من لون الشعر ، وملمس الشعر ، ولون العين ، ولون البشرة . هذه الأنواع تتدرج في بعضها البعض مثل ألوان الطيف ، ولا توجد فئة واحدة معزولة بشكل كبير عن البقية . في البرازيل ، يتم تصنيف الناس حسب المظهر ، وليس الوراثة . [/INST] ```json {<answer_start> "answer": "يتم استناداً في تصنيف الأشخاص في البرازيل حسب العرق لمجموعات مختلفة من لون الشعر وملمس الشعر ولون العين ولون البشرة." <answer_end> } ``` </s>

مفهوم العرق في البرازيل معقد . فالطفل البرازيلي لا يعرف أبدا تلقائيا بالنوع العرقي لأحد والديه أو كليهما ، كما أنه لا توجد سوى فئتين للاختيار من بينها . بين فرد من أصل غير مختلط من غرب أفريقيا وفرد مولاتو خفيف جدا ، تم الاعتراف بأكثر من اثنتي عشرة فئة عرقية ، استنادا إلى مجموعات مختلفة من لون الشعر ، وملمس الشعر ، ولون العين ، ولون البشرة . هذه الأنواع تتدرج في بعضها البعض مثل ألوان الطيف ، ولا توجد فئة واحدة معزولة بشكل كبير عن البقية . في البرازيل ، يتم تصنيف الناس حسب المظهر ، وليس الوراثة .

ماذا يتم استناداً إليه في تصنيف الأشخاص في البرازيل حسب العرق؟

<s>[INST] <<SYS>> You are a helpful, respectful and honest assistant. Always answer as helpfully as possible, while being safe. Your answers should not include any harmful, unethical, racist, sexist, toxic, dangerous, or illegal content. Please ensure that your responses are socially unbiased and positive in nature. If a question does not make any sense, or is not factually coherent, explain why instead of answering something not correct. If you don't know the answer to a question, please don't share false information. <</SYS>> Extract from the following context the minimal span word for word that best answers the question. Think step by step and explain your reasoning. Then give the answer in JSON format as follows: ```json { "answer": ... } ``` If the answer is not in the context, the answer should be "?". Question: كيف يؤثر ارتفاع الهوائي على مقاومته؟ Context: هذا أمر محظوظ ، لأن الهوائيات ذات الترددات المنخفضة التي ليست كبيرة إلى حد ما ( جزء جيد من الطول الموجي في الحجم ) هي حتما غير فعالة ( بسبب مقاومة الإشعاع الصغيرة Rr للهوائيات الصغيرة ) . تستفيد معظم أجهزة الراديو الإذاعية AM ( باستثناء أجهزة الراديو الخاصة بالسيارات ) من هذا المبدأ من خلال تضمين هوائي حلقة صغيرة للاستقبال يتميز بكفاءة ضعيفة للغاية . وبالتالي فإن استخدام مثل هذا الهوائي غير الفعال على هذا التردد المنخفض ( 530 - 1650 كيلو هرتز ) ليس له تأثير يذكر على الأداء الصافي لجهاز الاستقبال ، ولكنه يتطلب ببساطة تضخيما أكبر بواسطة إلكترونيات جهاز الاستقبال . قارن هذا المكون الصغير بالأبراج الضخمة والطويلة جدا المستخدمة في محطات البث AM للإرسال بنفس التردد ، حيث تنطوي كل نقطة مئوية من انخفاض كفاءة الهوائي على تكلفة كبيرة . [/INST] ```json {<answer_start> "answer": "يؤثر ارتفاع الهوائي على مقاومته من خلال زيادة تكلفة انخفاض كفاءته." <answer_end> } ``` </s>

هذا أمر محظوظ ، لأن الهوائيات ذات الترددات المنخفضة التي ليست كبيرة إلى حد ما ( جزء جيد من الطول الموجي في الحجم ) هي حتما غير فعالة ( بسبب مقاومة الإشعاع الصغيرة Rr للهوائيات الصغيرة ) . تستفيد معظم أجهزة الراديو الإذاعية AM ( باستثناء أجهزة الراديو الخاصة بالسيارات ) من هذا المبدأ من خلال تضمين هوائي حلقة صغيرة للاستقبال يتميز بكفاءة ضعيفة للغاية . وبالتالي فإن استخدام مثل هذا الهوائي غير الفعال على هذا التردد المنخفض ( 530 - 1650 كيلو هرتز ) ليس له تأثير يذكر على الأداء الصافي لجهاز الاستقبال ، ولكنه يتطلب ببساطة تضخيما أكبر بواسطة إلكترونيات جهاز الاستقبال . قارن هذا المكون الصغير بالأبراج الضخمة والطويلة جدا المستخدمة في محطات البث AM للإرسال بنفس التردد ، حيث تنطوي كل نقطة مئوية من انخفاض كفاءة الهوائي على تكلفة كبيرة .

كيف يؤثر ارتفاع الهوائي على مقاومته؟

<s>[INST] <<SYS>> You are a helpful, respectful and honest assistant. Always answer as helpfully as possible, while being safe. Your answers should not include any harmful, unethical, racist, sexist, toxic, dangerous, or illegal content. Please ensure that your responses are socially unbiased and positive in nature. If a question does not make any sense, or is not factually coherent, explain why instead of answering something not correct. If you don't know the answer to a question, please don't share false information. <</SYS>> Extract from the following context the minimal span word for word that best answers the question. Think step by step and explain your reasoning. Then give the answer in JSON format as follows: ```json { "answer": ... } ``` If the answer is not in the context, the answer should be "?". Question: كم عدد أفراد فريق الإغاثة الطارئة المكون منه؟ Context: غادر فريق الإغاثة الطارئة من الزلازل المكون من 184 شخصا ( يتألف من 12 شخصا من مكتب الدولة لرصد الزلازل و 150 من قيادة منطقة بكين العسكرية و 22 من مستشفى الشرطة العامة المسلحة ) بكين من مطار نانيوان في أواخر 12 مايو في طائرتي نقل عسكريتين للسفر إلى مقاطعة ونتشوان . [/INST] ```json {<answer_start> "answer": "184 شخصًا" <answer_end> } ``` </s>

غادر فريق الإغاثة الطارئة من الزلازل المكون من 184 شخصا ( يتألف من 12 شخصا من مكتب الدولة لرصد الزلازل و 150 من قيادة منطقة بكين العسكرية و 22 من مستشفى الشرطة العامة المسلحة ) بكين من مطار نانيوان في أواخر 12 مايو في طائرتي نقل عسكريتين للسفر إلى مقاطعة ونتشوان .

كم عدد أفراد فريق الإغاثة الطارئة المكون منه؟

<s>[INST] <<SYS>> You are a helpful, respectful and honest assistant. Always answer as helpfully as possible, while being safe. Your answers should not include any harmful, unethical, racist, sexist, toxic, dangerous, or illegal content. Please ensure that your responses are socially unbiased and positive in nature. If a question does not make any sense, or is not factually coherent, explain why instead of answering something not correct. If you don't know the answer to a question, please don't share false information. <</SYS>> Extract from the following context the minimal span word for word that best answers the question. Think step by step and explain your reasoning. Then give the answer in JSON format as follows: ```json { "answer": ... } ``` If the answer is not in the context, the answer should be "?". Question: من أين مستوحى معيار AVL في بلنسية؟ Context: AVL ، الذي أنشأه برلمان بلنسية ، هو المسؤول عن إملاء القواعد الرسمية التي تحكم استخدام بلنسية ، ويستند معياره إلى معايير كاستيلو ( Normes de Castell ) . حاليا ، يستخدم كل من يكتب في بلنسية هذا المعيار ، باستثناء الأكاديمية الملكية لثقافة بلنسية ( Acad mia de Cultura Valenciana ، RACV ) ، والتي تستخدم لبلنسية معيارا مستقلا . [/INST] ```json {<answer_start> "answer": "معايير كاستيلو (Normes de Castell)" <answer_end> } ``` </s>

AVL ، الذي أنشأه برلمان بلنسية ، هو المسؤول عن إملاء القواعد الرسمية التي تحكم استخدام بلنسية ، ويستند معياره إلى معايير كاستيلو ( Normes de Castell ) . حاليا ، يستخدم كل من يكتب في بلنسية هذا المعيار ، باستثناء الأكاديمية الملكية لثقافة بلنسية ( Acad mia de Cultura Valenciana ، RACV ) ، والتي تستخدم لبلنسية معيارا مستقلا .

من أين مستوحى معيار AVL في بلنسية؟

<s>[INST] <<SYS>> You are a helpful, respectful and honest assistant. Always answer as helpfully as possible, while being safe. Your answers should not include any harmful, unethical, racist, sexist, toxic, dangerous, or illegal content. Please ensure that your responses are socially unbiased and positive in nature. If a question does not make any sense, or is not factually coherent, explain why instead of answering something not correct. If you don't know the answer to a question, please don't share false information. <</SYS>> Extract from the following context the minimal span word for word that best answers the question. Think step by step and explain your reasoning. Then give the answer in JSON format as follows: ```json { "answer": ... } ``` If the answer is not in the context, the answer should be "?". Question: كيف يسمى الاتفاق الذي قبلته صناعة الكاكاو والشوكولاتة الدولية؟ Context: وفي عام 2001 ، قبلت صناعة الكاكاو والشوكولاته الدولية اتفاقا طوعيا يسمى بروتوكول هاركين - إنجل للقضاء على أسوأ أشكال عمل الأطفال ، على النحو المحدد في اتفاقية منظمة العمل الدولية رقم 182 ، في غرب أفريقيا . وأنشأ هذا الاتفاق مؤسسة تدعى المبادرة الدولية للكاكاو في عام 2002 . تدعي المؤسسة أن لديها ، اعتبارا من عام 2011 ، برامج نشطة في 290 مجتمعا يزرع الكاكاو في كوت ديفوار وغانا ، ليصل إجمالي عدد سكانها إلى 689000 شخص للمساعدة في القضاء على أسوأ أشكال عمل الأطفال في صناعة الكاكاو . وتدعي منظمات أخرى أنه تم إحراز تقدم ، ولكن لم يتم بعد الوفاء بالمواعيد النهائية للبروتوكول لعام 2005 . [/INST] ```json {<answer_start> "answer": "بروتوكول هاركين - إنجل" <answer_end> } ``` </s>

وفي عام 2001 ، قبلت صناعة الكاكاو والشوكولاته الدولية اتفاقا طوعيا يسمى بروتوكول هاركين - إنجل للقضاء على أسوأ أشكال عمل الأطفال ، على النحو المحدد في اتفاقية منظمة العمل الدولية رقم 182 ، في غرب أفريقيا . وأنشأ هذا الاتفاق مؤسسة تدعى المبادرة الدولية للكاكاو في عام 2002 . تدعي المؤسسة أن لديها ، اعتبارا من عام 2011 ، برامج نشطة في 290 مجتمعا يزرع الكاكاو في كوت ديفوار وغانا ، ليصل إجمالي عدد سكانها إلى 689000 شخص للمساعدة في القضاء على أسوأ أشكال عمل الأطفال في صناعة الكاكاو . وتدعي منظمات أخرى أنه تم إحراز تقدم ، ولكن لم يتم بعد الوفاء بالمواعيد النهائية للبروتوكول لعام 2005 .

كيف يسمى الاتفاق الذي قبلته صناعة الكاكاو والشوكولاتة الدولية؟

<s>[INST] <<SYS>> You are a helpful, respectful and honest assistant. Always answer as helpfully as possible, while being safe. Your answers should not include any harmful, unethical, racist, sexist, toxic, dangerous, or illegal content. Please ensure that your responses are socially unbiased and positive in nature. If a question does not make any sense, or is not factually coherent, explain why instead of answering something not correct. If you don't know the answer to a question, please don't share false information. <</SYS>> Extract from the following context the minimal span word for word that best answers the question. Think step by step and explain your reasoning. Then give the answer in JSON format as follows: ```json { "answer": ... } ``` If the answer is not in the context, the answer should be "?". Question: ماذا يؤمن الأساتذة الأمريكيون الإيطاليون في جامعة مدينة نيويورك؟ Context: في عام 1976 ، طلبت مجموعة من الأساتذة الأمريكيين الإيطاليين في جامعة مدينة نيويورك إضافتهم كفئة عمل إيجابي للترقية والتوظيف . عادة ما يعتبر الأمريكيون الإيطاليون من البيض في الولايات المتحدة ولن يتم تغطيتهم بموجب سياسات العمل الإيجابي ، لكن الأساتذة يعتقدون أنهم ممثلون تمثيلا ناقصا . كتب الاقتصادي التحرري توماس سويل في كتابه " العمل الإيجابي حول العالم : دراسة تجريبية " أن سياسات العمل الإيجابي تشجع المجموعات غير المفضلة على تسمية نفسها كأعضاء في المجموعات المفضلة [أي المستفيدين الرئيسيين من العمل الإيجابي] للاستفادة من سياسات تفضيل المجموعة . [/INST] ```json {<answer_start> "answer": "يؤمن الأساتذة الأمريكيون الإيطاليون في جامعة مدينة نيويورك بأنهم ممثلون تمثيلا ناقصا وأنه من الأفضل لهم أن يتم اعتبارهم كفئة عمل إيجابية للترقية والتوظيف." <answer_end> } ``` </s>

في عام 1976 ، طلبت مجموعة من الأساتذة الأمريكيين الإيطاليين في جامعة مدينة نيويورك إضافتهم كفئة عمل إيجابي للترقية والتوظيف . عادة ما يعتبر الأمريكيون الإيطاليون من البيض في الولايات المتحدة ولن يتم تغطيتهم بموجب سياسات العمل الإيجابي ، لكن الأساتذة يعتقدون أنهم ممثلون تمثيلا ناقصا . كتب الاقتصادي التحرري توماس سويل في كتابه " العمل الإيجابي حول العالم : دراسة تجريبية " أن سياسات العمل الإيجابي تشجع المجموعات غير المفضلة على تسمية نفسها كأعضاء في المجموعات المفضلة [أي المستفيدين الرئيسيين من العمل الإيجابي] للاستفادة من سياسات تفضيل المجموعة .

ماذا يؤمن الأساتذة الأمريكيون الإيطاليون في جامعة مدينة نيويورك؟

<s>[INST] <<SYS>> You are a helpful, respectful and honest assistant. Always answer as helpfully as possible, while being safe. Your answers should not include any harmful, unethical, racist, sexist, toxic, dangerous, or illegal content. Please ensure that your responses are socially unbiased and positive in nature. If a question does not make any sense, or is not factually coherent, explain why instead of answering something not correct. If you don't know the answer to a question, please don't share false information. <</SYS>> Extract from the following context the minimal span word for word that best answers the question. Think step by step and explain your reasoning. Then give the answer in JSON format as follows: ```json { "answer": ... } ``` If the answer is not in the context, the answer should be "?". Question: ما يتضمن القانون الكنسي للكنيسة الكاثوليكية الرومانية؟ Context: يتضمن القانون الكنسي للكنيسة الكاثوليكية الرومانية أيضا الطقوس ( المجموعات ) الخمس الرئيسية للكنائس التي هي في اتحاد كامل مع الكنيسة الكاثوليكية الرومانية والحبر الأعظم : [/INST] ```json {<answer_start> "answer": "القانون الكنسي يتضمن الطقوس الرئيسية والكنائس المتحالفة والحبر الأعظم." <answer_end> } ``` </s>

يتضمن القانون الكنسي للكنيسة الكاثوليكية الرومانية أيضا الطقوس ( المجموعات ) الخمس الرئيسية للكنائس التي هي في اتحاد كامل مع الكنيسة الكاثوليكية الرومانية والحبر الأعظم :

ما يتضمن القانون الكنسي للكنيسة الكاثوليكية الرومانية؟

<s>[INST] <<SYS>> You are a helpful, respectful and honest assistant. Always answer as helpfully as possible, while being safe. Your answers should not include any harmful, unethical, racist, sexist, toxic, dangerous, or illegal content. Please ensure that your responses are socially unbiased and positive in nature. If a question does not make any sense, or is not factually coherent, explain why instead of answering something not correct. If you don't know the answer to a question, please don't share false information. <</SYS>> Extract from the following context the minimal span word for word that best answers the question. Think step by step and explain your reasoning. Then give the answer in JSON format as follows: ```json { "answer": ... } ``` If the answer is not in the context, the answer should be "?". Question: ما هي الأماكن التي يوجد بها مرافق الفنون الأدائية في الحرم الجامعي؟. Context: يضم الحرم الجامعي أيضا العديد من مرافق الفنون الأدائية . تتسع قاعة دي جونغ للحفلات الموسيقية ل 1282 شخصا وسميت باسم جيريت دي جونغ جونيور . تم تسمية مسرح باردو على اسم تي إيرل وكاثرين باردو . يستخدم الطلاب مسرحها في مجموعة متنوعة من التجارب المسرحية ، وكذلك لعروض سلسلة باردو . يتسع ل 500 شخص ، ويحتوي على مسرح كبير جدا مع فتحة بروسينيوم من 19 55 قدما ( 17 مترا ) . تم تسمية مسرح مارجيتس على اسم فيليب ن . مارجيتس ، وهو شخصية مسرحية بارزة في ولاية يوتا . مسرح الصندوق الأسود الأصغر ، يسمح بمجموعة متنوعة من تنسيقات الجلوس والتدريج . يتسع ل 125 شخصا ، ويقيس 30 50 قدما ( 15 مترا ) . يستخدم مسرح نيلكه ، الذي سمي على اسم أحد أوائل معلمي الدراما في BYU ، إلى حد كبير للتعليم في المسرح التجريبي . يتسع ل 280 مقعدا . [/INST] ```json {<answer_start> "answer": "توجد مرافق الفنون الأدائية في الحرم الجامعي في قاعة دي جونغ ومسرح باردو ومسرح مارجيتس ومسرح الصندوق الأسود ومسرح نيلكه." <answer_end> } ``` </s>

يضم الحرم الجامعي أيضا العديد من مرافق الفنون الأدائية . تتسع قاعة دي جونغ للحفلات الموسيقية ل 1282 شخصا وسميت باسم جيريت دي جونغ جونيور . تم تسمية مسرح باردو على اسم تي إيرل وكاثرين باردو . يستخدم الطلاب مسرحها في مجموعة متنوعة من التجارب المسرحية ، وكذلك لعروض سلسلة باردو . يتسع ل 500 شخص ، ويحتوي على مسرح كبير جدا مع فتحة بروسينيوم من 19 55 قدما ( 17 مترا ) . تم تسمية مسرح مارجيتس على اسم فيليب ن . مارجيتس ، وهو شخصية مسرحية بارزة في ولاية يوتا . مسرح الصندوق الأسود الأصغر ، يسمح بمجموعة متنوعة من تنسيقات الجلوس والتدريج . يتسع ل 125 شخصا ، ويقيس 30 50 قدما ( 15 مترا ) . يستخدم مسرح نيلكه ، الذي سمي على اسم أحد أوائل معلمي الدراما في BYU ، إلى حد كبير للتعليم في المسرح التجريبي . يتسع ل 280 مقعدا .

ما هي الأماكن التي يوجد بها مرافق الفنون الأدائية في الحرم الجامعي؟.

<s>[INST] <<SYS>> You are a helpful, respectful and honest assistant. Always answer as helpfully as possible, while being safe. Your answers should not include any harmful, unethical, racist, sexist, toxic, dangerous, or illegal content. Please ensure that your responses are socially unbiased and positive in nature. If a question does not make any sense, or is not factually coherent, explain why instead of answering something not correct. If you don't know the answer to a question, please don't share false information. <</SYS>> Extract from the following context the minimal span word for word that best answers the question. Think step by step and explain your reasoning. Then give the answer in JSON format as follows: ```json { "answer": ... } ``` If the answer is not in the context, the answer should be "?". Question: كيف يتم تحديد الفريق الذي سيتقدم إلى الجزء التالي من البطولة في مباريات خروج المغلوب؟ Context: في مسابقات الدوري ، قد تنتهي المباريات بالتعادل . في مسابقات خروج المغلوب حيث يطلب من الفائز استخدام طرق مختلفة لكسر هذا الجمود ، قد تستدعي بعض المسابقات الإعادة . قد تدخل المباراة المتعادلة في نهاية الوقت المنظم في وقت إضافي ، والذي يتكون من فترتين إضافيتين مدة كل منهما 15 دقيقة . إذا كانت النتيجة لا تزال متعادلة بعد الوقت الإضافي ، فإن بعض المسابقات تسمح باستخدام ركلات الترجيح ( المعروفة رسميا في قوانين اللعبة باسم " الركلات من علامة الجزاء " ) لتحديد الفريق الذي سيتقدم إلى المرحلة التالية من البطولة . يتم احتساب الأهداف المسجلة خلال فترات الوقت الإضافي ضمن النتيجة النهائية للمباراة ، ولكن الركلات من علامة الجزاء تستخدم فقط لتحديد الفريق الذي يتقدم إلى الجزء التالي من البطولة ( مع الأهداف المسجلة في ركلات الترجيح التي لا تشكل جزءا من النتيجة النهائية ) . [/INST] ```json {<answer_start> "answer": "يتم تحديد الفريق الذي سيتقدم إلى الجزء التالي من البطولة في مباريات خروج المغلوب بواسطة ركلات الترجيح." <answer_end> } ``` </s>

في مسابقات الدوري ، قد تنتهي المباريات بالتعادل . في مسابقات خروج المغلوب حيث يطلب من الفائز استخدام طرق مختلفة لكسر هذا الجمود ، قد تستدعي بعض المسابقات الإعادة . قد تدخل المباراة المتعادلة في نهاية الوقت المنظم في وقت إضافي ، والذي يتكون من فترتين إضافيتين مدة كل منهما 15 دقيقة . إذا كانت النتيجة لا تزال متعادلة بعد الوقت الإضافي ، فإن بعض المسابقات تسمح باستخدام ركلات الترجيح ( المعروفة رسميا في قوانين اللعبة باسم " الركلات من علامة الجزاء " ) لتحديد الفريق الذي سيتقدم إلى المرحلة التالية من البطولة . يتم احتساب الأهداف المسجلة خلال فترات الوقت الإضافي ضمن النتيجة النهائية للمباراة ، ولكن الركلات من علامة الجزاء تستخدم فقط لتحديد الفريق الذي يتقدم إلى الجزء التالي من البطولة ( مع الأهداف المسجلة في ركلات الترجيح التي لا تشكل جزءا من النتيجة النهائية ) .

كيف يتم تحديد الفريق الذي سيتقدم إلى الجزء التالي من البطولة في مباريات خروج المغلوب؟

<s>[INST] <<SYS>> You are a helpful, respectful and honest assistant. Always answer as helpfully as possible, while being safe. Your answers should not include any harmful, unethical, racist, sexist, toxic, dangerous, or illegal content. Please ensure that your responses are socially unbiased and positive in nature. If a question does not make any sense, or is not factually coherent, explain why instead of answering something not correct. If you don't know the answer to a question, please don't share false information. <</SYS>> Extract from the following context the minimal span word for word that best answers the question. Think step by step and explain your reasoning. Then give the answer in JSON format as follows: ```json { "answer": ... } ``` If the answer is not in the context, the answer should be "?". Question: ما هي البطولة التي يتنافس فيها أبطال أوروبا وأمريكا الجنوبية في كرة القدم؟ Context: بعد كأس العالم ، أهم مسابقات كرة القدم الدولية هي البطولات القارية ، التي ينظمها كل اتحاد قاري ويتنافس عليها بين المنتخبات الوطنية . هذه هي بطولة أوروبا ( UEFA ) ، وكوبا أمريكا ( CONMEBOL ) ، وكأس الأمم الأفريقية ( CAF ) ، وكأس آسيا ( AFC ) ، وكأس الكونكاكاف الذهبية ( CONCACAF ) وكأس الأمم OFC ( OFC ) . يتنافس على كأس القارات FIFA الفائزون بجميع البطولات القارية الست ، وأبطال كأس العالم FIFA الحاليون والبلد الذي يستضيف كأس القارات . تعتبر هذه البطولة عموما بمثابة بطولة إحماء لكأس العالم FIFA القادمة ولا تحمل نفس مكانة كأس العالم نفسها . المسابقات الأكثر شهرة في كرة القدم للأندية هي البطولات القارية المعنية ، والتي يتم التنافس عليها بشكل عام بين الأبطال الوطنيين ، على سبيل المثال دوري أبطال أوروبا في أوروبا وكوبا ليبرتادوريس في أمريكا الجنوبية . يتنافس الفائزون في كل مسابقة قارية على كأس العالم للأندية FIFA . [/INST] ```json {<answer_start> "answer": "كأس القارات FIFA" <answer_end> } ``` </s>

بعد كأس العالم ، أهم مسابقات كرة القدم الدولية هي البطولات القارية ، التي ينظمها كل اتحاد قاري ويتنافس عليها بين المنتخبات الوطنية . هذه هي بطولة أوروبا ( UEFA ) ، وكوبا أمريكا ( CONMEBOL ) ، وكأس الأمم الأفريقية ( CAF ) ، وكأس آسيا ( AFC ) ، وكأس الكونكاكاف الذهبية ( CONCACAF ) وكأس الأمم OFC ( OFC ) . يتنافس على كأس القارات FIFA الفائزون بجميع البطولات القارية الست ، وأبطال كأس العالم FIFA الحاليون والبلد الذي يستضيف كأس القارات . تعتبر هذه البطولة عموما بمثابة بطولة إحماء لكأس العالم FIFA القادمة ولا تحمل نفس مكانة كأس العالم نفسها . المسابقات الأكثر شهرة في كرة القدم للأندية هي البطولات القارية المعنية ، والتي يتم التنافس عليها بشكل عام بين الأبطال الوطنيين ، على سبيل المثال دوري أبطال أوروبا في أوروبا وكوبا ليبرتادوريس في أمريكا الجنوبية . يتنافس الفائزون في كل مسابقة قارية على كأس العالم للأندية FIFA .

ما هي البطولة التي يتنافس فيها أبطال أوروبا وأمريكا الجنوبية في كرة القدم؟

<s>[INST] <<SYS>> You are a helpful, respectful and honest assistant. Always answer as helpfully as possible, while being safe. Your answers should not include any harmful, unethical, racist, sexist, toxic, dangerous, or illegal content. Please ensure that your responses are socially unbiased and positive in nature. If a question does not make any sense, or is not factually coherent, explain why instead of answering something not correct. If you don't know the answer to a question, please don't share false information. <</SYS>> Extract from the following context the minimal span word for word that best answers the question. Think step by step and explain your reasoning. Then give the answer in JSON format as follows: ```json { "answer": ... } ``` If the answer is not in the context, the answer should be "?". Question: ما هي مكونات الهوائي ثنائي القطب؟ Context: يتكون الهوائي ثنائي القطب ، وهو الفئة الأكثر استخداما من الهوائي ، من مشعين متماثلين مثل قضبان معدنية أو أسلاك ، مع جانب واحد من خط التغذية المتوازن من جهاز الإرسال أو الاستقبال متصل بكل منهما . يشع ثنائي القطب الأفقي في فصين عموديين على محور الهوائي . ثنائي القطب نصف الموجي هو النوع الأكثر شيوعا ، ويحتوي على عنصرين خطيين يبلغ طول كل منهما ربع طول موجي وكسب قدره 2 . 15 ديسيبل . تستخدم ثنائيات الأقطاب بشكل فردي كهوائيات منخفضة الكسب ، كما تستخدم كعناصر مدفوعة في العديد من أنواع الهوائيات ذات الكسب العالي الأكثر تعقيدا . [/INST] ```json {<answer_start> "answer": "مكونات الهوائي ثنائي القطب هي مشعين متماثلين مثل قضبان معدنية أو أسلاك، وخط تغذية متوازن بهما متصل." <answer_end> } ``` </s>

يتكون الهوائي ثنائي القطب ، وهو الفئة الأكثر استخداما من الهوائي ، من مشعين متماثلين مثل قضبان معدنية أو أسلاك ، مع جانب واحد من خط التغذية المتوازن من جهاز الإرسال أو الاستقبال متصل بكل منهما . يشع ثنائي القطب الأفقي في فصين عموديين على محور الهوائي . ثنائي القطب نصف الموجي هو النوع الأكثر شيوعا ، ويحتوي على عنصرين خطيين يبلغ طول كل منهما ربع طول موجي وكسب قدره 2 . 15 ديسيبل . تستخدم ثنائيات الأقطاب بشكل فردي كهوائيات منخفضة الكسب ، كما تستخدم كعناصر مدفوعة في العديد من أنواع الهوائيات ذات الكسب العالي الأكثر تعقيدا .

ما هي مكونات الهوائي ثنائي القطب؟

<s>[INST] <<SYS>> You are a helpful, respectful and honest assistant. Always answer as helpfully as possible, while being safe. Your answers should not include any harmful, unethical, racist, sexist, toxic, dangerous, or illegal content. Please ensure that your responses are socially unbiased and positive in nature. If a question does not make any sense, or is not factually coherent, explain why instead of answering something not correct. If you don't know the answer to a question, please don't share false information. <</SYS>> Extract from the following context the minimal span word for word that best answers the question. Think step by step and explain your reasoning. Then give the answer in JSON format as follows: ```json { "answer": ... } ``` If the answer is not in the context, the answer should be "?". Question: ما هي مشكلة التوثيق العنصرية التي تواجه دراسة حياة وايتهيد؟ Context: السيرة الذاتية المكونة من مجلدين ل Whitehead بقلم فيكتور لوي هي العرض الأكثر تحديدا لحياة Whitehead . ومع ذلك ، لا تزال العديد من تفاصيل حياة وايتهيد غامضة لأنه لم يترك Nachlass . نفذت عائلته تعليماته بإتلاف جميع أوراقه بعد وفاته . بالإضافة إلى ذلك ، كان وايتهيد معروفا ب " إيمانه المتعصب تقريبا بالحق في الخصوصية " ، وبكتابة عدد قليل جدا من الرسائل الشخصية من النوع الذي من شأنه أن يساعد في اكتساب نظرة ثاقبة على حياته . أدى ذلك إلى تعليق لوي نفسه في الصفحة الأولى من سيرة وايتهيد ، " لن يلمسه أي كاتب سيرة ذاتية محترف في عقله الصحيح " . [/INST] ```json {<answer_start> "answer": "مشكلة التوثيق العنصرية التي تواجه دراسة حياة وايتهيد هي أن العديد من تفاصيل حياته غامضة، نظرًا لأنه لم يترك وراءه وثائق ولا حقيبة شخصية توثق حياته. عائلته أتبعت تعليماته بتدمير جميع أوراقه بعد وفاته، وهذا جعل من الصعب الحصول على نظرة شاملة حول حياته. بالإضافة إلى ذلك، كان وايتهيد يحافظ على خصوصيته بشكل كبير وكان يكتب عددًا قليلًا جدًا من الرسائل الشخصية التي يمكن أن تساعد في فهم حياته." <answer_end> } ``` </s>

السيرة الذاتية المكونة من مجلدين ل Whitehead بقلم فيكتور لوي هي العرض الأكثر تحديدا لحياة Whitehead . ومع ذلك ، لا تزال العديد من تفاصيل حياة وايتهيد غامضة لأنه لم يترك Nachlass . نفذت عائلته تعليماته بإتلاف جميع أوراقه بعد وفاته . بالإضافة إلى ذلك ، كان وايتهيد معروفا ب " إيمانه المتعصب تقريبا بالحق في الخصوصية " ، وبكتابة عدد قليل جدا من الرسائل الشخصية من النوع الذي من شأنه أن يساعد في اكتساب نظرة ثاقبة على حياته . أدى ذلك إلى تعليق لوي نفسه في الصفحة الأولى من سيرة وايتهيد ، " لن يلمسه أي كاتب سيرة ذاتية محترف في عقله الصحيح " .

ما هي مشكلة التوثيق العنصرية التي تواجه دراسة حياة وايتهيد؟

<s>[INST] <<SYS>> You are a helpful, respectful and honest assistant. Always answer as helpfully as possible, while being safe. Your answers should not include any harmful, unethical, racist, sexist, toxic, dangerous, or illegal content. Please ensure that your responses are socially unbiased and positive in nature. If a question does not make any sense, or is not factually coherent, explain why instead of answering something not correct. If you don't know the answer to a question, please don't share false information. <</SYS>> Extract from the following context the minimal span word for word that best answers the question. Think step by step and explain your reasoning. Then give the answer in JSON format as follows: ```json { "answer": ... } ``` If the answer is not in the context, the answer should be "?". Question: من هو المرشد في الموسم الـ 12 ؟ Context: ابتداء من الموسم العاشر[بحاجة لمصدر] ، تم جلب مرشدين دائمين خلال العروض الحية للمساعدة في توجيه المتسابقين في اختيار الأغاني وأدائها . كان جيمي يوفين هو المرشد في المواسم من العاشر إلى الثاني عشر ، وكان القاضي السابق راندي جاكسون هو المرشد للموسم الثالث عشر وكان سكوت بورشيتا هو المرشد للموسم الرابع عشر والخامس عشر . يجلب المرشدون بانتظام مرشدين ضيوف لمساعدتهم ، بما في ذلك Akon و Alicia Keys و Lady Gaga والقاضي الحالي Harry Connick ، الابن . [/INST] ```json {<answer_start> "answer": "جيمي يوفين هو المرشد في الموسم الـ 12." <answer_end> } ``` </s>

ابتداء من الموسم العاشر[بحاجة لمصدر] ، تم جلب مرشدين دائمين خلال العروض الحية للمساعدة في توجيه المتسابقين في اختيار الأغاني وأدائها . كان جيمي يوفين هو المرشد في المواسم من العاشر إلى الثاني عشر ، وكان القاضي السابق راندي جاكسون هو المرشد للموسم الثالث عشر وكان سكوت بورشيتا هو المرشد للموسم الرابع عشر والخامس عشر . يجلب المرشدون بانتظام مرشدين ضيوف لمساعدتهم ، بما في ذلك Akon و Alicia Keys و Lady Gaga والقاضي الحالي Harry Connick ، الابن .

من هو المرشد في الموسم الـ 12 ؟

<s>[INST] <<SYS>> You are a helpful, respectful and honest assistant. Always answer as helpfully as possible, while being safe. Your answers should not include any harmful, unethical, racist, sexist, toxic, dangerous, or illegal content. Please ensure that your responses are socially unbiased and positive in nature. If a question does not make any sense, or is not factually coherent, explain why instead of answering something not correct. If you don't know the answer to a question, please don't share false information. <</SYS>> Extract from the following context the minimal span word for word that best answers the question. Think step by step and explain your reasoning. Then give the answer in JSON format as follows: ```json { "answer": ... } ``` If the answer is not in the context, the answer should be "?". Question: كيف بدأت الصين في بناء الجيل الثالث من نظام BeiDou؟ Context: في منتصف عام 2015 ، بدأت الصين في بناء الجيل الثالث من نظام BeiDou ( BDS - 3 ) في كوكبة التغطية العالمية . تم إطلاق أول قمر صناعي BDS - 3 في 30 سبتمبر 2015 . اعتبارا من مارس 2016 ، تم إطلاق 4 سواتل BDS - 3 للتحقق من الصحة في المدار . [/INST] ```json {<answer_start> "answer": "في منتصف عام 2015 بدأت الصين في بناء الجيل الثالث من نظام BeiDou." <answer_end> } ``` </s>

في منتصف عام 2015 ، بدأت الصين في بناء الجيل الثالث من نظام BeiDou ( BDS - 3 ) في كوكبة التغطية العالمية . تم إطلاق أول قمر صناعي BDS - 3 في 30 سبتمبر 2015 . اعتبارا من مارس 2016 ، تم إطلاق 4 سواتل BDS - 3 للتحقق من الصحة في المدار .

كيف بدأت الصين في بناء الجيل الثالث من نظام BeiDou؟

<s>[INST] <<SYS>> You are a helpful, respectful and honest assistant. Always answer as helpfully as possible, while being safe. Your answers should not include any harmful, unethical, racist, sexist, toxic, dangerous, or illegal content. Please ensure that your responses are socially unbiased and positive in nature. If a question does not make any sense, or is not factually coherent, explain why instead of answering something not correct. If you don't know the answer to a question, please don't share false information. <</SYS>> Extract from the following context the minimal span word for word that best answers the question. Think step by step and explain your reasoning. Then give the answer in JSON format as follows: ```json { "answer": ... } ``` If the answer is not in the context, the answer should be "?". Question: قناة WPXD 31 ، قناة WHTV 18، وشبكة التلفزيون المجتمعي (CTN) Context: قناة WPXD 31 ، وهي شركة تابعة لشبكة ION TV ، مرخصة للمدينة . قناة WHTV 18 ، وهي محطة تابعة ل MyNetworkTV لسوق لانسينغ ، تبث من جهاز إرسال في بلدة ليندون ، غرب آن أربور . شبكة التلفزيون المجتمعي ( CTN ) هي قناة تلفزيونية كبلية مقدمة من المدينة مع مرافق إنتاج مفتوحة لسكان المدينة والمنظمات غير الربحية . كما تخدم محطات الإذاعة والتلفزيون في منطقة ديترويت وتوليدو آن أربور ، ويمكن سماع محطات من لانسينغ ووندسور ، أونتاريو ، في أجزاء من المنطقة . [/INST] ```json {<answer_start> "answer": "قناة WPXD 31 ، قناة WHTV 18، وشبكة التلفزيون المجتمعي (CTN)" <answer_end> } ``` </s>

قناة WPXD 31 ، وهي شركة تابعة لشبكة ION TV ، مرخصة للمدينة . قناة WHTV 18 ، وهي محطة تابعة ل MyNetworkTV لسوق لانسينغ ، تبث من جهاز إرسال في بلدة ليندون ، غرب آن أربور . شبكة التلفزيون المجتمعي ( CTN ) هي قناة تلفزيونية كبلية مقدمة من المدينة مع مرافق إنتاج مفتوحة لسكان المدينة والمنظمات غير الربحية . كما تخدم محطات الإذاعة والتلفزيون في منطقة ديترويت وتوليدو آن أربور ، ويمكن سماع محطات من لانسينغ ووندسور ، أونتاريو ، في أجزاء من المنطقة .

قناة WPXD 31 ، قناة WHTV 18، وشبكة التلفزيون المجتمعي (CTN)

<s>[INST] <<SYS>> You are a helpful, respectful and honest assistant. Always answer as helpfully as possible, while being safe. Your answers should not include any harmful, unethical, racist, sexist, toxic, dangerous, or illegal content. Please ensure that your responses are socially unbiased and positive in nature. If a question does not make any sense, or is not factually coherent, explain why instead of answering something not correct. If you don't know the answer to a question, please don't share false information. <</SYS>> Extract from the following context the minimal span word for word that best answers the question. Think step by step and explain your reasoning. Then give the answer in JSON format as follows: ```json { "answer": ... } ``` If the answer is not in the context, the answer should be "?". Question: موضوع الجدل المذكور في النص هو العمل الإيجابي. Context: والعمل الإيجابي موضوع جدل . وقد انتقدت بعض السياسات المعتمدة كعمل إيجابي ، مثل الحصص العرقية أو الحصص الجنسانية للقبول في الجامعات ، باعتبارها شكلا من أشكال التمييز العكسي ، وحكم على هذا التنفيذ للعمل الإيجابي بعدم دستوريته من خلال رأي الأغلبية في قضية غراتز ضد بولينجر . وأيد قرار المحكمة العليا في قضية غروتر ضد العمل الإيجابي كممارسة ممارسة . بولينجر في عام 2003 . ووضعت سياسات للعمل الإيجابي من أجل تصحيح عقود من التمييز الناشئ عن عصر التعمير عن طريق منح الأقليات المحرومة فرصا . يعتقد الكثيرون أن تنوع المجتمع الأمريكي الحالي يشير إلى أن سياسات العمل الإيجابي نجحت ولم تعد مطلوبة . يجادل معارضو العمل الإيجابي بأن هذه السياسات عفا عليها الزمن وتؤدي إلى التمييز العكسي الذي ينطوي على تفضيل مجموعة على أخرى على أساس التفضيل العنصري بدلا من الإنجاز . [/INST] ```json {<answer_start> "answer": "موضوع الجدل المذكور في النص هو العمل الإيجابي." <answer_end> } ``` </s>

والعمل الإيجابي موضوع جدل . وقد انتقدت بعض السياسات المعتمدة كعمل إيجابي ، مثل الحصص العرقية أو الحصص الجنسانية للقبول في الجامعات ، باعتبارها شكلا من أشكال التمييز العكسي ، وحكم على هذا التنفيذ للعمل الإيجابي بعدم دستوريته من خلال رأي الأغلبية في قضية غراتز ضد بولينجر . وأيد قرار المحكمة العليا في قضية غروتر ضد العمل الإيجابي كممارسة ممارسة . بولينجر في عام 2003 . ووضعت سياسات للعمل الإيجابي من أجل تصحيح عقود من التمييز الناشئ عن عصر التعمير عن طريق منح الأقليات المحرومة فرصا . يعتقد الكثيرون أن تنوع المجتمع الأمريكي الحالي يشير إلى أن سياسات العمل الإيجابي نجحت ولم تعد مطلوبة . يجادل معارضو العمل الإيجابي بأن هذه السياسات عفا عليها الزمن وتؤدي إلى التمييز العكسي الذي ينطوي على تفضيل مجموعة على أخرى على أساس التفضيل العنصري بدلا من الإنجاز .

موضوع الجدل المذكور في النص هو العمل الإيجابي.

<s>[INST] <<SYS>> You are a helpful, respectful and honest assistant. Always answer as helpfully as possible, while being safe. Your answers should not include any harmful, unethical, racist, sexist, toxic, dangerous, or illegal content. Please ensure that your responses are socially unbiased and positive in nature. If a question does not make any sense, or is not factually coherent, explain why instead of answering something not correct. If you don't know the answer to a question, please don't share false information. <</SYS>> Extract from the following context the minimal span word for word that best answers the question. Think step by step and explain your reasoning. Then give the answer in JSON format as follows: ```json { "answer": ... } ``` If the answer is not in the context, the answer should be "?". Question: يمكن لحراس المرمى استخدام أقدامهم أو رؤوسهم أو جذعهم للتلاعب بالكرة بدلاً من اليد. Context: حراس المرمى هم اللاعبون الوحيدون المسموح لهم بلمس الكرة بأيديهم أو أذرعهم أثناء لعبها وفي منطقة جزاءهم فقط . يستخدم اللاعبون خارج الملعب في الغالب أقدامهم لضرب الكرة أو تمريرها ، ولكن قد يستخدمون أيضا رؤوسهم أو جذعهم للقيام بذلك بدلا من ذلك . الفريق الذي يسجل أكبر عدد من الأهداف بحلول نهاية المباراة يفوز . إذا كانت النتيجة متساوية في نهاية اللعبة ، فإما أن يتم الإعلان عن التعادل أو تذهب اللعبة إلى وقت إضافي و - أو ركلات الترجيح اعتمادا على شكل المسابقة . تم تدوين قوانين اللعبة في الأصل في إنجلترا من قبل اتحاد كرة القدم في عام 1863 . يحكم اتحاد كرة القدم دوليا الاتحاد الدولي لكرة القدم ( FIFA ; الفرنسية : الاتحاد الدولي لكرة القدم ) ، الذي ينظم كأس العالم للرجال والنساء كل أربع سنوات . [/INST] ```json {<answer_start> "answer": "يمكن لحراس المرمى استخدام أقدامهم أو رؤوسهم أو جذعهم للتلاعب بالكرة بدلاً من اليد." <answer_end> } ``` </s>

حراس المرمى هم اللاعبون الوحيدون المسموح لهم بلمس الكرة بأيديهم أو أذرعهم أثناء لعبها وفي منطقة جزاءهم فقط . يستخدم اللاعبون خارج الملعب في الغالب أقدامهم لضرب الكرة أو تمريرها ، ولكن قد يستخدمون أيضا رؤوسهم أو جذعهم للقيام بذلك بدلا من ذلك . الفريق الذي يسجل أكبر عدد من الأهداف بحلول نهاية المباراة يفوز . إذا كانت النتيجة متساوية في نهاية اللعبة ، فإما أن يتم الإعلان عن التعادل أو تذهب اللعبة إلى وقت إضافي و - أو ركلات الترجيح اعتمادا على شكل المسابقة . تم تدوين قوانين اللعبة في الأصل في إنجلترا من قبل اتحاد كرة القدم في عام 1863 . يحكم اتحاد كرة القدم دوليا الاتحاد الدولي لكرة القدم ( FIFA ; الفرنسية : الاتحاد الدولي لكرة القدم ) ، الذي ينظم كأس العالم للرجال والنساء كل أربع سنوات .

يمكن لحراس المرمى استخدام أقدامهم أو رؤوسهم أو جذعهم للتلاعب بالكرة بدلاً من اليد.

<s>[INST] <<SYS>> You are a helpful, respectful and honest assistant. Always answer as helpfully as possible, while being safe. Your answers should not include any harmful, unethical, racist, sexist, toxic, dangerous, or illegal content. Please ensure that your responses are socially unbiased and positive in nature. If a question does not make any sense, or is not factually coherent, explain why instead of answering something not correct. If you don't know the answer to a question, please don't share false information. <</SYS>> Extract from the following context the minimal span word for word that best answers the question. Think step by step and explain your reasoning. Then give the answer in JSON format as follows: ```json { "answer": ... } ``` If the answer is not in the context, the answer should be "?". Question: كيف يتم إقامة المآدب الرسمية في قاعة الاحتفالات؟ Context: كما تقام مآدب رسمية في قاعة الاحتفالات . وتقام هذه المآدب الرسمية في الليلة الأولى من زيارة دولة يقوم بها رئيس دولة أجنبية . في هذه المناسبات ، لما يصل إلى 170 ضيفا في " ربطة عنق بيضاء وزخارف " رسمية ، بما في ذلك التيجان ، يتم وضع طاولة الطعام مع Grand Service ، وهي مجموعة من الأطباق الفضية المذهبة المصنوعة في عام 1811 لأمير ويلز ، جورج الرابع لاحقا . يقام أكبر حفل استقبال رسمي في قصر باكنغهام في شهر نوفمبر من كل عام عندما تستمتع الملكة بأعضاء السلك الدبلوماسي . في هذه المناسبة العظيمة ، يتم استخدام جميع غرف الدولة ، حيث تمضي العائلة المالكة من خلالها ، بدءا من الأبواب الشمالية العظيمة لمعرض الصور . وكما تصور ناش ، فإن جميع الأبواب الكبيرة ذات المرايا المزدوجة تقف مفتوحة ، مما يعكس العديد من الثريات والشمعدانات الكريستالية ، مما يخلق وهما بصريا متعمدا للفضاء والضوء . [/INST] ```json {<answer_start> "answer": "تقام المآدب الرسمية في قاعة الاحتفالات في الليلة الأولى من زيارة دولة يقوم بها رئيس دولة أجنبية. يشارك فيها حوالي 170 ضيفًا يرتدون ربطة عنق بيضاء وزخارف رسمية. يتم تقديم الطعام على طاولة مصنوعة من الفضة المذهبة في Grand Service." <answer_end> } ``` </s>

كما تقام مآدب رسمية في قاعة الاحتفالات . وتقام هذه المآدب الرسمية في الليلة الأولى من زيارة دولة يقوم بها رئيس دولة أجنبية . في هذه المناسبات ، لما يصل إلى 170 ضيفا في " ربطة عنق بيضاء وزخارف " رسمية ، بما في ذلك التيجان ، يتم وضع طاولة الطعام مع Grand Service ، وهي مجموعة من الأطباق الفضية المذهبة المصنوعة في عام 1811 لأمير ويلز ، جورج الرابع لاحقا . يقام أكبر حفل استقبال رسمي في قصر باكنغهام في شهر نوفمبر من كل عام عندما تستمتع الملكة بأعضاء السلك الدبلوماسي . في هذه المناسبة العظيمة ، يتم استخدام جميع غرف الدولة ، حيث تمضي العائلة المالكة من خلالها ، بدءا من الأبواب الشمالية العظيمة لمعرض الصور . وكما تصور ناش ، فإن جميع الأبواب الكبيرة ذات المرايا المزدوجة تقف مفتوحة ، مما يعكس العديد من الثريات والشمعدانات الكريستالية ، مما يخلق وهما بصريا متعمدا للفضاء والضوء .

كيف يتم إقامة المآدب الرسمية في قاعة الاحتفالات؟

<s>[INST] <<SYS>> You are a helpful, respectful and honest assistant. Always answer as helpfully as possible, while being safe. Your answers should not include any harmful, unethical, racist, sexist, toxic, dangerous, or illegal content. Please ensure that your responses are socially unbiased and positive in nature. If a question does not make any sense, or is not factually coherent, explain why instead of answering something not correct. If you don't know the answer to a question, please don't share false information. <</SYS>> Extract from the following context the minimal span word for word that best answers the question. Think step by step and explain your reasoning. Then give the answer in JSON format as follows: ```json { "answer": ... } ``` If the answer is not in the context, the answer should be "?". Question: كم بلغ إجمالي تبرعات الأمسية؟ Context: في مساء يوم 18 مايو ، استضافت CCTV - 1 برنامجا خاصا مدته أربع ساعات يسمى The Giving of Love ( الصينية المبسطة : ؛ الصينية التقليدية : ) ، استضافها منتظمون من حفل رأس السنة الجديدة في CCTV ومذيع التغطية على مدار الساعة Bai Yansong . وقد حضرته مجموعة واسعة من الشخصيات الترفيهية والأدبية والتجارية والسياسية من البر الرئيسي للصين وهونغ كونغ وسنغافورة وتايوان . وبلغ إجمالي تبرعات الأمسية 1 . 5 مليار يوان صيني ( حوالي 208 ملايين دولار أمريكي ) . من بين التبرعات ، قدمت CCTV أكبر مساهمة للشركات بقيمة 50 مليون ين . وفي الوقت نفسه تقريبا في تايوان ، كان هناك برنامج مماثل على الهواء استضافه الرئيس الحالي ما ينغ جيو . وفي يونيو - حزيران ، قام الممثل جاكي شان من هونغ كونغ ، الذي تبرع بمبلغ 1 . 57 مليون دولار للضحايا ، بعمل فيديو موسيقي إلى جانب فنانين آخرين بعنوان " الوعد " . الأغنية من تأليف آندي لاو . عقدت حملة Artistes 512 لجمع التبرعات ، وهي ماراثون لجمع التبرعات لمدة 8 ساعات ، في 1 يونيو في هونغ كونغ . وحضره حوالي 200 من الموسيقيين والمشاهير في مجال المحيط الهادئ . وفي سنغافورة ، استضافت قناة ميديا كورب 8 برنامجا " مباشرا " لجمع الأموال للضحايا . [/INST] ```json {<answer_start> "answer": "إجمالي تبرعات الأمسية بلغ 1.5 مليار يوان صيني (حوالي 208 ملايين دولار أمريكي)." <answer_end> } ``` </s>

في مساء يوم 18 مايو ، استضافت CCTV - 1 برنامجا خاصا مدته أربع ساعات يسمى The Giving of Love ( الصينية المبسطة : ؛ الصينية التقليدية : ) ، استضافها منتظمون من حفل رأس السنة الجديدة في CCTV ومذيع التغطية على مدار الساعة Bai Yansong . وقد حضرته مجموعة واسعة من الشخصيات الترفيهية والأدبية والتجارية والسياسية من البر الرئيسي للصين وهونغ كونغ وسنغافورة وتايوان . وبلغ إجمالي تبرعات الأمسية 1 . 5 مليار يوان صيني ( حوالي 208 ملايين دولار أمريكي ) . من بين التبرعات ، قدمت CCTV أكبر مساهمة للشركات بقيمة 50 مليون ين . وفي الوقت نفسه تقريبا في تايوان ، كان هناك برنامج مماثل على الهواء استضافه الرئيس الحالي ما ينغ جيو . وفي يونيو - حزيران ، قام الممثل جاكي شان من هونغ كونغ ، الذي تبرع بمبلغ 1 . 57 مليون دولار للضحايا ، بعمل فيديو موسيقي إلى جانب فنانين آخرين بعنوان " الوعد " . الأغنية من تأليف آندي لاو . عقدت حملة Artistes 512 لجمع التبرعات ، وهي ماراثون لجمع التبرعات لمدة 8 ساعات ، في 1 يونيو في هونغ كونغ . وحضره حوالي 200 من الموسيقيين والمشاهير في مجال المحيط الهادئ . وفي سنغافورة ، استضافت قناة ميديا كورب 8 برنامجا " مباشرا " لجمع الأموال للضحايا .

كم بلغ إجمالي تبرعات الأمسية؟

<s>[INST] <<SYS>> You are a helpful, respectful and honest assistant. Always answer as helpfully as possible, while being safe. Your answers should not include any harmful, unethical, racist, sexist, toxic, dangerous, or illegal content. Please ensure that your responses are socially unbiased and positive in nature. If a question does not make any sense, or is not factually coherent, explain why instead of answering something not correct. If you don't know the answer to a question, please don't share false information. <</SYS>> Extract from the following context the minimal span word for word that best answers the question. Think step by step and explain your reasoning. Then give the answer in JSON format as follows: ```json { "answer": ... } ``` If the answer is not in the context, the answer should be "?". Question: من قام بتدريب شوارزنيجر؟ Context: تشارلز " واغ " بينيت ، أحد الحكام في مسابقة 1966 ، أعجب بشوارزنيجر وعرض عليه تدريبه . وبما أن شوارزنيجر لم يكن لديه سوى القليل من المال ، دعاه بينيت للبقاء في منزل عائلته المزدحم فوق إحدى الصالات الرياضية في فورست غيت ، لندن ، إنجلترا . تم الحكم على تعريف ساق يورتن بأنه متفوق ، وركز شوارزنيغر ، في إطار برنامج تدريبي وضعه بينيت ، على تحسين تعريف العضلات وقوتها في ساقيه . ساعد البقاء في الطرف الشرقي من لندن شوارزنيجر على تحسين فهمه البدائي للغة الإنجليزية . أيضا في عام 1966 ، أتيحت الفرصة لشوارزنيجر لمقابلة معبود الطفولة ريج بارك ، الذي أصبح صديقه ومعلمه . أثمر التدريب ، وفي عام 1967 ، فاز شوارزنيجر باللقب لأول مرة ، ليصبح أصغر مستر يونيفرس على الإطلاق في سن ال 20 . واستمر في الفوز باللقب ثلاث مرات أخرى . ثم عاد شوارزنيجر إلى ميونيخ ، وتدرب لمدة أربع إلى ست ساعات يوميا ، والتحق بكلية إدارة الأعمال وعمل في ناد صحي ( صالة رولف بوتزيغر الرياضية حيث عمل وتدرب من 1966 - 1968 ) ، وعاد في عام 1968 إلى لندن للفوز بلقبه التالي في مستر يونيفرس . وكثيرا ما أخبر روجر سي فيلد ، مدربه الإنجليزي وصديقه في ميونيخ في ذلك الوقت ، " سأصبح أعظم ممثل ! " [/INST] ```json {<answer_start> "answer": "تشارلز "واغ" بينيت" <answer_end> } ``` </s>

تشارلز " واغ " بينيت ، أحد الحكام في مسابقة 1966 ، أعجب بشوارزنيجر وعرض عليه تدريبه . وبما أن شوارزنيجر لم يكن لديه سوى القليل من المال ، دعاه بينيت للبقاء في منزل عائلته المزدحم فوق إحدى الصالات الرياضية في فورست غيت ، لندن ، إنجلترا . تم الحكم على تعريف ساق يورتن بأنه متفوق ، وركز شوارزنيغر ، في إطار برنامج تدريبي وضعه بينيت ، على تحسين تعريف العضلات وقوتها في ساقيه . ساعد البقاء في الطرف الشرقي من لندن شوارزنيجر على تحسين فهمه البدائي للغة الإنجليزية . أيضا في عام 1966 ، أتيحت الفرصة لشوارزنيجر لمقابلة معبود الطفولة ريج بارك ، الذي أصبح صديقه ومعلمه . أثمر التدريب ، وفي عام 1967 ، فاز شوارزنيجر باللقب لأول مرة ، ليصبح أصغر مستر يونيفرس على الإطلاق في سن ال 20 . واستمر في الفوز باللقب ثلاث مرات أخرى . ثم عاد شوارزنيجر إلى ميونيخ ، وتدرب لمدة أربع إلى ست ساعات يوميا ، والتحق بكلية إدارة الأعمال وعمل في ناد صحي ( صالة رولف بوتزيغر الرياضية حيث عمل وتدرب من 1966 - 1968 ) ، وعاد في عام 1968 إلى لندن للفوز بلقبه التالي في مستر يونيفرس . وكثيرا ما أخبر روجر سي فيلد ، مدربه الإنجليزي وصديقه في ميونيخ في ذلك الوقت ، " سأصبح أعظم ممثل ! "

من قام بتدريب شوارزنيجر؟

<s>[INST] <<SYS>> You are a helpful, respectful and honest assistant. Always answer as helpfully as possible, while being safe. Your answers should not include any harmful, unethical, racist, sexist, toxic, dangerous, or illegal content. Please ensure that your responses are socially unbiased and positive in nature. If a question does not make any sense, or is not factually coherent, explain why instead of answering something not correct. If you don't know the answer to a question, please don't share false information. <</SYS>> Extract from the following context the minimal span word for word that best answers the question. Think step by step and explain your reasoning. Then give the answer in JSON format as follows: ```json { "answer": ... } ``` If the answer is not in the context, the answer should be "?". Question: كيف تطورت حاملات الطائرات منذ إنشائها في أوائل القرن العشرين؟ Context: تطورت حاملات الطائرات منذ إنشائها في أوائل القرن العشرين من السفن الخشبية المستخدمة لنشر البالونات إلى السفن الحربية التي تعمل بالطاقة النووية والتي تحمل عشرات الطائرات ، بما في ذلك الطائرات المقاتلة والمروحيات . اعتبارا من 3 مارس 2016 ، هناك سبع وثلاثون حاملة طائرات نشطة في العالم ضمن اثني عشر بحريا . ولدى بحرية الولايات المتحدة 10 حاملات طائرات كبيرة تعمل بالطاقة النووية ( تعرف باسم حاملات الطائرات العملاقة ، تحمل كل منها ما يصل إلى 90 طائرة ) ، وهي أكبر حاملة الطائرات في العالم ؛ يبلغ إجمالي مساحة سطح السفينة أكثر من ضعف مساحة جميع الدول الأخرى مجتمعة . بالإضافة إلى أسطول حاملات الطائرات العملاقة ، تمتلك البحرية الأمريكية تسع سفن هجومية برمائية تستخدم في المقام الأول للمروحيات ( تسمى أحيانا حاملات طائرات الهليكوبتر ) ؛ ويمكن أن تحمل هذه الطائرات أيضا ما يصل إلى 25 طائرة مقاتلة ، وفي بعض الحالات ، تكون كبيرة مثل حاملات الطائرات ذات الأجنحة الثابتة في بعض الدول الأخرى . [/INST] ```json {<answer_start> "answer": "تطورت حاملات الطائرات من السفن الخشبية المستخدمة في نشر البالونات إلى السفن الحربية التي تعمل بالطاقة النووية وتحمل العشرات من الطائرات، بما في ذلك الطائرات المقاتلة والمروحيات." <answer_end> } ``` </s>

تطورت حاملات الطائرات منذ إنشائها في أوائل القرن العشرين من السفن الخشبية المستخدمة لنشر البالونات إلى السفن الحربية التي تعمل بالطاقة النووية والتي تحمل عشرات الطائرات ، بما في ذلك الطائرات المقاتلة والمروحيات . اعتبارا من 3 مارس 2016 ، هناك سبع وثلاثون حاملة طائرات نشطة في العالم ضمن اثني عشر بحريا . ولدى بحرية الولايات المتحدة 10 حاملات طائرات كبيرة تعمل بالطاقة النووية ( تعرف باسم حاملات الطائرات العملاقة ، تحمل كل منها ما يصل إلى 90 طائرة ) ، وهي أكبر حاملة الطائرات في العالم ؛ يبلغ إجمالي مساحة سطح السفينة أكثر من ضعف مساحة جميع الدول الأخرى مجتمعة . بالإضافة إلى أسطول حاملات الطائرات العملاقة ، تمتلك البحرية الأمريكية تسع سفن هجومية برمائية تستخدم في المقام الأول للمروحيات ( تسمى أحيانا حاملات طائرات الهليكوبتر ) ؛ ويمكن أن تحمل هذه الطائرات أيضا ما يصل إلى 25 طائرة مقاتلة ، وفي بعض الحالات ، تكون كبيرة مثل حاملات الطائرات ذات الأجنحة الثابتة في بعض الدول الأخرى .

كيف تطورت حاملات الطائرات منذ إنشائها في أوائل القرن العشرين؟

<s>[INST] <<SYS>> You are a helpful, respectful and honest assistant. Always answer as helpfully as possible, while being safe. Your answers should not include any harmful, unethical, racist, sexist, toxic, dangerous, or illegal content. Please ensure that your responses are socially unbiased and positive in nature. If a question does not make any sense, or is not factually coherent, explain why instead of answering something not correct. If you don't know the answer to a question, please don't share false information. <</SYS>> Extract from the following context the minimal span word for word that best answers the question. Think step by step and explain your reasoning. Then give the answer in JSON format as follows: ```json { "answer": ... } ``` If the answer is not in the context, the answer should be "?". Question: تحولت الشبكة إلى جدول زمني مدته 24 ساعة. Context: في 9 أكتوبر 2006 في الساعة 6 : 00 صباحا . m ، تحولت الشبكة إلى جدول زمني مدته 24 ساعة ، لتصبح واحدة من آخر هيئات البث الرئيسية باللغة الإنجليزية التي تنتقل إلى مثل هذا الجدول . وكانت معظم المحطات المملوكة لشبكة " سي بي سي " قد توقفت عن البث خلال ساعات الصباح الباكر ( عادة من الساعة 1 : 00 صباحا . m إلى الساعة 6 : 00 صباحا . m ) . بدلا من المعلومات التجارية التي تبثها معظم المحطات الخاصة ، أو البث المتزامن لشبكة أخبار CBC بأسلوب البث المتزامن الليلي ل BBC One لقناة BBC News Channel ، تستخدم CBC الوقت لبث التكرارات ، بما في ذلك الأخبار المحلية والمسلسلات في وقت الذروة والأفلام والبرامج الأخرى من مكتبة CBC . ولا يزال نظيره الفرنسي ، إيسي راديو كندا تيلي ، يوقع كل ليلة . [/INST] ```json {<answer_start> "answer": "تحولت الشبكة إلى جدول زمني مدته 24 ساعة." <answer_end> } ``` </s>

في 9 أكتوبر 2006 في الساعة 6 : 00 صباحا . m ، تحولت الشبكة إلى جدول زمني مدته 24 ساعة ، لتصبح واحدة من آخر هيئات البث الرئيسية باللغة الإنجليزية التي تنتقل إلى مثل هذا الجدول . وكانت معظم المحطات المملوكة لشبكة " سي بي سي " قد توقفت عن البث خلال ساعات الصباح الباكر ( عادة من الساعة 1 : 00 صباحا . m إلى الساعة 6 : 00 صباحا . m ) . بدلا من المعلومات التجارية التي تبثها معظم المحطات الخاصة ، أو البث المتزامن لشبكة أخبار CBC بأسلوب البث المتزامن الليلي ل BBC One لقناة BBC News Channel ، تستخدم CBC الوقت لبث التكرارات ، بما في ذلك الأخبار المحلية والمسلسلات في وقت الذروة والأفلام والبرامج الأخرى من مكتبة CBC . ولا يزال نظيره الفرنسي ، إيسي راديو كندا تيلي ، يوقع كل ليلة .

تحولت الشبكة إلى جدول زمني مدته 24 ساعة.

<s>[INST] <<SYS>> You are a helpful, respectful and honest assistant. Always answer as helpfully as possible, while being safe. Your answers should not include any harmful, unethical, racist, sexist, toxic, dangerous, or illegal content. Please ensure that your responses are socially unbiased and positive in nature. If a question does not make any sense, or is not factually coherent, explain why instead of answering something not correct. If you don't know the answer to a question, please don't share false information. <</SYS>> Extract from the following context the minimal span word for word that best answers the question. Think step by step and explain your reasoning. Then give the answer in JSON format as follows: ```json { "answer": ... } ``` If the answer is not in the context, the answer should be "?". Question: كيف يمكن قياس مدة وجود الميلاتونين في الدم أو اللعاب؟ Context: الميلاتونين غائب عن النظام أو منخفض بشكل لا يمكن اكتشافه خلال النهار . يمكن قياس بدايته في الضوء الخافت ، بداية الميلاتونين الخافتة ( DLMO ) ، في حوالي الساعة 21 : 00 ( 9 ص . m ) في الدم أو اللعاب . يمكن أيضا قياس مستقلبه الرئيسي في بول الصباح . تم استخدام كل من DLMO ونقطة الوسط ( في الوقت المناسب ) لوجود الهرمون في الدم أو اللعاب كعلامات الساعة البيولوجية . ومع ذلك ، تشير الأبحاث الحديثة إلى أن إزاحة الميلاتونين قد تكون العلامة الأكثر موثوقية . وجد Benloucif et al . أن علامات مرحلة الميلاتونين كانت أكثر استقرارا وأكثر ارتباطا بتوقيت النوم من الحد الأدنى لدرجة الحرارة الأساسية . ووجدوا أن كلا من تعويض النوم وتعويض الميلاتونين يرتبطان بقوة أكبر بعلامات الطور من بداية النوم . بالإضافة إلى ذلك ، فإن المرحلة التنازلية لمستويات الميلاتونين أكثر موثوقية واستقرارا من إنهاء تخليق الميلاتونين . [/INST] ```json {<answer_start> "answer": "يمكن قياس مدة وجود الميلاتونين في الدم أو اللعاب عن طريق قياس بداية الميلاتونين الخافتة (DLMO) في الضوء الخافت في حوالي الساعة 21:00 (9 مساءً) وقياس مستقلبه الرئيسي في بول الصباح." <answer_end> } ``` </s>

الميلاتونين غائب عن النظام أو منخفض بشكل لا يمكن اكتشافه خلال النهار . يمكن قياس بدايته في الضوء الخافت ، بداية الميلاتونين الخافتة ( DLMO ) ، في حوالي الساعة 21 : 00 ( 9 ص . m ) في الدم أو اللعاب . يمكن أيضا قياس مستقلبه الرئيسي في بول الصباح . تم استخدام كل من DLMO ونقطة الوسط ( في الوقت المناسب ) لوجود الهرمون في الدم أو اللعاب كعلامات الساعة البيولوجية . ومع ذلك ، تشير الأبحاث الحديثة إلى أن إزاحة الميلاتونين قد تكون العلامة الأكثر موثوقية . وجد Benloucif et al . أن علامات مرحلة الميلاتونين كانت أكثر استقرارا وأكثر ارتباطا بتوقيت النوم من الحد الأدنى لدرجة الحرارة الأساسية . ووجدوا أن كلا من تعويض النوم وتعويض الميلاتونين يرتبطان بقوة أكبر بعلامات الطور من بداية النوم . بالإضافة إلى ذلك ، فإن المرحلة التنازلية لمستويات الميلاتونين أكثر موثوقية واستقرارا من إنهاء تخليق الميلاتونين .

كيف يمكن قياس مدة وجود الميلاتونين في الدم أو اللعاب؟

<s>[INST] <<SYS>> You are a helpful, respectful and honest assistant. Always answer as helpfully as possible, while being safe. Your answers should not include any harmful, unethical, racist, sexist, toxic, dangerous, or illegal content. Please ensure that your responses are socially unbiased and positive in nature. If a question does not make any sense, or is not factually coherent, explain why instead of answering something not correct. If you don't know the answer to a question, please don't share false information. <</SYS>> Extract from the following context the minimal span word for word that best answers the question. Think step by step and explain your reasoning. Then give the answer in JSON format as follows: ```json { "answer": ... } ``` If the answer is not in the context, the answer should be "?". Question: من واحد من أنجح الفرق في البلاد ظهر غالباً في الأفلام المتعلقة بكرة القدم في بريطانيا؟ Context: كواحد من أنجح الفرق في البلاد ، غالبا ما ظهر أرسنال عندما يتم تصوير كرة القدم في الفنون في بريطانيا . شكلوا خلفية لأحد أقدم الأفلام المتعلقة بكرة القدم ، The Arsenal Stadium Mystery ( 1939 ) . وتدور أحداث الفيلم حول مباراة ودية بين أرسنال وفريق من الهواة ، تعرض أحد لاعبيه للتسمم أثناء اللعب . وظهر العديد من لاعبي أرسنال كأنفسهم وتم إعطاء المدرب جورج أليسون دورا في التحدث . في الآونة الأخيرة ، كان كتاب Fever Pitch من تأليف هورنبي سردا للسيرة الذاتية لحياة هورنبي وعلاقته بكرة القدم وأرسنال على وجه الخصوص . نشرت في عام 1992 ، وشكلت جزءا من إحياء وإعادة تأهيل كرة القدم في المجتمع البريطاني خلال 1990s . تم تكييف الكتاب مرتين للسينما - يركز الفيلم البريطاني لعام 1997 على فوز أرسنال باللقب 1988 - 89 ، والنسخة الأمريكية لعام 2005 تضم أحد المعجبين بالبيسبول بوسطن ريد سوكس . [/INST] ```json {<answer_start> "answer": "أرسنال" <answer_end> } ``` </s>

كواحد من أنجح الفرق في البلاد ، غالبا ما ظهر أرسنال عندما يتم تصوير كرة القدم في الفنون في بريطانيا . شكلوا خلفية لأحد أقدم الأفلام المتعلقة بكرة القدم ، The Arsenal Stadium Mystery ( 1939 ) . وتدور أحداث الفيلم حول مباراة ودية بين أرسنال وفريق من الهواة ، تعرض أحد لاعبيه للتسمم أثناء اللعب . وظهر العديد من لاعبي أرسنال كأنفسهم وتم إعطاء المدرب جورج أليسون دورا في التحدث . في الآونة الأخيرة ، كان كتاب Fever Pitch من تأليف هورنبي سردا للسيرة الذاتية لحياة هورنبي وعلاقته بكرة القدم وأرسنال على وجه الخصوص . نشرت في عام 1992 ، وشكلت جزءا من إحياء وإعادة تأهيل كرة القدم في المجتمع البريطاني خلال 1990s . تم تكييف الكتاب مرتين للسينما - يركز الفيلم البريطاني لعام 1997 على فوز أرسنال باللقب 1988 - 89 ، والنسخة الأمريكية لعام 2005 تضم أحد المعجبين بالبيسبول بوسطن ريد سوكس .

من واحد من أنجح الفرق في البلاد ظهر غالباً في الأفلام المتعلقة بكرة القدم في بريطانيا؟

<s>[INST] <<SYS>> You are a helpful, respectful and honest assistant. Always answer as helpfully as possible, while being safe. Your answers should not include any harmful, unethical, racist, sexist, toxic, dangerous, or illegal content. Please ensure that your responses are socially unbiased and positive in nature. If a question does not make any sense, or is not factually coherent, explain why instead of answering something not correct. If you don't know the answer to a question, please don't share false information. <</SYS>> Extract from the following context the minimal span word for word that best answers the question. Think step by step and explain your reasoning. Then give the answer in JSON format as follows: ```json { "answer": ... } ``` If the answer is not in the context, the answer should be "?". Question: ماذا يشير مصطلح الطموح أحيانًا؟ Context: يشير مصطلح الطموح أحيانا إلى التغيير الصوتي للإزالة ، حيث يتم تخفيف ( إضعاف ) الحرف الساكن ليصبح توقفا مزمارا أو احتكاكا [ h ] . [/INST] ```json {<answer_start> "answer": "إلى التغيير الصوتي للإزالة" <answer_end> } ``` </s>

يشير مصطلح الطموح أحيانا إلى التغيير الصوتي للإزالة ، حيث يتم تخفيف ( إضعاف ) الحرف الساكن ليصبح توقفا مزمارا أو احتكاكا [ h ] .

ماذا يشير مصطلح الطموح أحيانًا؟

<s>[INST] <<SYS>> You are a helpful, respectful and honest assistant. Always answer as helpfully as possible, while being safe. Your answers should not include any harmful, unethical, racist, sexist, toxic, dangerous, or illegal content. Please ensure that your responses are socially unbiased and positive in nature. If a question does not make any sense, or is not factually coherent, explain why instead of answering something not correct. If you don't know the answer to a question, please don't share false information. <</SYS>> Extract from the following context the minimal span word for word that best answers the question. Think step by step and explain your reasoning. Then give the answer in JSON format as follows: ```json { "answer": ... } ``` If the answer is not in the context, the answer should be "?". Question: ما هي المساهمة الأكثر علنية للأكاديميات الفرنسية في المجال العام؟ Context: تأتي أقوى مساهمة للأكاديميات الفرنسية في المجال العام من الأكاديميات الكونكورس ( التي تترجم تقريبا إلى " مسابقات أكاديمية " ) التي رعتها في جميع أنحاء فرنسا . ربما كانت هذه المسابقات الأكاديمية هي الأكثر علنية في أي مؤسسة خلال عصر التنوير . تعود ممارسة المسابقات إلى العصور الوسطى ، وتم إحياؤها في منتصف القرن 17th . كان الموضوع في السابق دينيا و - أو ملكيا بشكل عام ، ويضم مقالات وشعرا ورسما . ومع ذلك ، بحلول عام 1725 تقريبا ، توسع هذا الموضوع وتنوعت بشكل جذري ، بما في ذلك " الدعاية الملكية ، والمعارك الفلسفية ، والاجترارات النقدية على المؤسسات الاجتماعية والسياسية للنظام القديم " . كما نوقشت مواضيع الجدل العام مثل نظريات نيوتن وديكارت ، وتجارة الرقيق ، وتعليم المرأة ، والعدالة في فرنسا . [/INST] ```json {<answer_start> "answer": "المسابقات الأكاديمية" <answer_end> } ``` </s>

تأتي أقوى مساهمة للأكاديميات الفرنسية في المجال العام من الأكاديميات الكونكورس ( التي تترجم تقريبا إلى " مسابقات أكاديمية " ) التي رعتها في جميع أنحاء فرنسا . ربما كانت هذه المسابقات الأكاديمية هي الأكثر علنية في أي مؤسسة خلال عصر التنوير . تعود ممارسة المسابقات إلى العصور الوسطى ، وتم إحياؤها في منتصف القرن 17th . كان الموضوع في السابق دينيا و - أو ملكيا بشكل عام ، ويضم مقالات وشعرا ورسما . ومع ذلك ، بحلول عام 1725 تقريبا ، توسع هذا الموضوع وتنوعت بشكل جذري ، بما في ذلك " الدعاية الملكية ، والمعارك الفلسفية ، والاجترارات النقدية على المؤسسات الاجتماعية والسياسية للنظام القديم " . كما نوقشت مواضيع الجدل العام مثل نظريات نيوتن وديكارت ، وتجارة الرقيق ، وتعليم المرأة ، والعدالة في فرنسا .

ما هي المساهمة الأكثر علنية للأكاديميات الفرنسية في المجال العام؟

<s>[INST] <<SYS>> You are a helpful, respectful and honest assistant. Always answer as helpfully as possible, while being safe. Your answers should not include any harmful, unethical, racist, sexist, toxic, dangerous, or illegal content. Please ensure that your responses are socially unbiased and positive in nature. If a question does not make any sense, or is not factually coherent, explain why instead of answering something not correct. If you don't know the answer to a question, please don't share false information. <</SYS>> Extract from the following context the minimal span word for word that best answers the question. Think step by step and explain your reasoning. Then give the answer in JSON format as follows: ```json { "answer": ... } ``` If the answer is not in the context, the answer should be "?". Question: كيف أصبح شوارزنيجر ناجحًا في كمال الأجسام؟ Context: في عام 1977 ، تم نشر السيرة الذاتية لشوارزنيجر - دليل تدريب الأثقال أرنولد : تعليم لاعب كمال الأجسام وأصبح نجاحا كبيرا . بعد أن أخذ دروسا في اللغة الإنجليزية في كلية سانتا مونيكا في كاليفورنيا ، حصل على درجة البكالوريوس عن طريق المراسلة من جامعة ويسكونسن سوبيريور ، حيث تخرج بدرجة في التسويق الدولي للياقة البدنية وإدارة الأعمال في عام 1979 . [/INST] ```json {<answer_start> "answer": "من خلال تدريبه والحصول على درجة في التسويق الدولي للياقة البدنية وإدارة الأعمال عام 1979." <answer_end> } ``` </s>

في عام 1977 ، تم نشر السيرة الذاتية لشوارزنيجر - دليل تدريب الأثقال أرنولد : تعليم لاعب كمال الأجسام وأصبح نجاحا كبيرا . بعد أن أخذ دروسا في اللغة الإنجليزية في كلية سانتا مونيكا في كاليفورنيا ، حصل على درجة البكالوريوس عن طريق المراسلة من جامعة ويسكونسن سوبيريور ، حيث تخرج بدرجة في التسويق الدولي للياقة البدنية وإدارة الأعمال في عام 1979 .

كيف أصبح شوارزنيجر ناجحًا في كمال الأجسام؟

<s>[INST] <<SYS>> You are a helpful, respectful and honest assistant. Always answer as helpfully as possible, while being safe. Your answers should not include any harmful, unethical, racist, sexist, toxic, dangerous, or illegal content. Please ensure that your responses are socially unbiased and positive in nature. If a question does not make any sense, or is not factually coherent, explain why instead of answering something not correct. If you don't know the answer to a question, please don't share false information. <</SYS>> Extract from the following context the minimal span word for word that best answers the question. Think step by step and explain your reasoning. Then give the answer in JSON format as follows: ```json { "answer": ... } ``` If the answer is not in the context, the answer should be "?". Question: كيف تنقسم الأفعال في اللغة الكاتالونية؟ Context: الكاتالونية لديها قواعد نحوية انعطافية ، مع اثنين من الجنسين ( المذكر ، المؤنث ) ، ورقمين ( المفرد ، الجمع ) . كما يتم تحويل الضمائر للحالة والرسوم المتحركة [بحاجة لمصدر] والأدب ، ويمكن دمجها بطرق معقدة للغاية . تنقسم الأفعال إلى عدة نماذج ويتم تحريفها للشخص والعدد والفعل والجانب والمزاج والجنس . من حيث النطق ، تحتوي اللغة الكاتالونية على العديد من الكلمات التي تنتهي بمجموعة واسعة من الحروف الساكنة وبعض المجموعات الساكنة ، على النقيض من العديد من اللغات الرومانسية الأخرى . [/INST] ```json {<answer_start> "answer": "تنقسم الأفعال في اللغة الكاتالونية حسب الشخص والعدد والفعل والجانب والمزاج والجنس." <answer_end> } ``` </s>

الكاتالونية لديها قواعد نحوية انعطافية ، مع اثنين من الجنسين ( المذكر ، المؤنث ) ، ورقمين ( المفرد ، الجمع ) . كما يتم تحويل الضمائر للحالة والرسوم المتحركة [بحاجة لمصدر] والأدب ، ويمكن دمجها بطرق معقدة للغاية . تنقسم الأفعال إلى عدة نماذج ويتم تحريفها للشخص والعدد والفعل والجانب والمزاج والجنس . من حيث النطق ، تحتوي اللغة الكاتالونية على العديد من الكلمات التي تنتهي بمجموعة واسعة من الحروف الساكنة وبعض المجموعات الساكنة ، على النقيض من العديد من اللغات الرومانسية الأخرى .

كيف تنقسم الأفعال في اللغة الكاتالونية؟

<s>[INST] <<SYS>> You are a helpful, respectful and honest assistant. Always answer as helpfully as possible, while being safe. Your answers should not include any harmful, unethical, racist, sexist, toxic, dangerous, or illegal content. Please ensure that your responses are socially unbiased and positive in nature. If a question does not make any sense, or is not factually coherent, explain why instead of answering something not correct. If you don't know the answer to a question, please don't share false information. <</SYS>> Extract from the following context the minimal span word for word that best answers the question. Think step by step and explain your reasoning. Then give the answer in JSON format as follows: ```json { "answer": ... } ``` If the answer is not in the context, the answer should be "?". Question: كيف استخدمت الدراسات العلمية تقنيات تتبع الأقمار الصناعية في تسجيل تواريخ وصول المهاجرين الربيعيين إلى فنلندا؟ Context: تاريخيا ، تم تسجيل الهجرة منذ ما يصل إلى 3000 عام من قبل المؤلفين اليونانيين القدماء بما في ذلك هوميروس وأرسطو ، وفي كتاب أيوب ، لأنواع مثل اللقالق وحمائم السلاحف والسنونو . وفي الآونة الأخيرة ، بدأ يوهانس ليش في تسجيل تواريخ وصول المهاجرين الربيعيين إلى فنلندا في عام 1749 ، واستخدمت الدراسات العلمية تقنيات تشمل رنين الطيور وتتبع الأقمار الصناعية . وقد تزايدت التهديدات التي تتعرض لها الطيور المهاجرة مع تدمير الموائل وخاصة مواقع التوقف والشتاء ، فضلا عن الهياكل مثل خطوط الكهرباء ومزارع الرياح . [/INST] ```json {<answer_start> "answer": "استخدمت تقنيات تتبع الأقمار الصناعية في تسجيل تواريخ وصول المهاجرين الربيعيين إلى فنلندا." <answer_end> } ``` </s>

تاريخيا ، تم تسجيل الهجرة منذ ما يصل إلى 3000 عام من قبل المؤلفين اليونانيين القدماء بما في ذلك هوميروس وأرسطو ، وفي كتاب أيوب ، لأنواع مثل اللقالق وحمائم السلاحف والسنونو . وفي الآونة الأخيرة ، بدأ يوهانس ليش في تسجيل تواريخ وصول المهاجرين الربيعيين إلى فنلندا في عام 1749 ، واستخدمت الدراسات العلمية تقنيات تشمل رنين الطيور وتتبع الأقمار الصناعية . وقد تزايدت التهديدات التي تتعرض لها الطيور المهاجرة مع تدمير الموائل وخاصة مواقع التوقف والشتاء ، فضلا عن الهياكل مثل خطوط الكهرباء ومزارع الرياح .

كيف استخدمت الدراسات العلمية تقنيات تتبع الأقمار الصناعية في تسجيل تواريخ وصول المهاجرين الربيعيين إلى فنلندا؟

<s>[INST] <<SYS>> You are a helpful, respectful and honest assistant. Always answer as helpfully as possible, while being safe. Your answers should not include any harmful, unethical, racist, sexist, toxic, dangerous, or illegal content. Please ensure that your responses are socially unbiased and positive in nature. If a question does not make any sense, or is not factually coherent, explain why instead of answering something not correct. If you don't know the answer to a question, please don't share false information. <</SYS>> Extract from the following context the minimal span word for word that best answers the question. Think step by step and explain your reasoning. Then give the answer in JSON format as follows: ```json { "answer": ... } ``` If the answer is not in the context, the answer should be "?". Question: متى تأسست معهد شوارزنيجر للسياسة العامة والعالمية؟ Context: في عام 2012 ، ساعد شوارزنيجر في تأسيس معهد شوارزنيجر للسياسة العامة والعالمية ، وهو جزء من كلية USC Sol Price للسياسة العامة في جامعة جنوب كاليفورنيا . تتمثل مهمة المعهد في " [تقدم] ما بعد الحزبية ، حيث يضع القادة الناس على الأحزاب السياسية ويعملون معا لإيجاد أفضل الأفكار والحلول لصالح الأشخاص الذين يخدمونهم " ، و " السعي إلى التأثير على السياسة العامة والنقاش العام في إيجاد حلول للتحديات الخطيرة التي نواجهها " . يشغل شوارزنيجر منصب رئيس المعهد . [/INST] ```json {<answer_start> "answer": "في عام 2012." <answer_end> } ``` </s>

في عام 2012 ، ساعد شوارزنيجر في تأسيس معهد شوارزنيجر للسياسة العامة والعالمية ، وهو جزء من كلية USC Sol Price للسياسة العامة في جامعة جنوب كاليفورنيا . تتمثل مهمة المعهد في " [تقدم] ما بعد الحزبية ، حيث يضع القادة الناس على الأحزاب السياسية ويعملون معا لإيجاد أفضل الأفكار والحلول لصالح الأشخاص الذين يخدمونهم " ، و " السعي إلى التأثير على السياسة العامة والنقاش العام في إيجاد حلول للتحديات الخطيرة التي نواجهها " . يشغل شوارزنيجر منصب رئيس المعهد .

متى تأسست معهد شوارزنيجر للسياسة العامة والعالمية؟

<s>[INST] <<SYS>> You are a helpful, respectful and honest assistant. Always answer as helpfully as possible, while being safe. Your answers should not include any harmful, unethical, racist, sexist, toxic, dangerous, or illegal content. Please ensure that your responses are socially unbiased and positive in nature. If a question does not make any sense, or is not factually coherent, explain why instead of answering something not correct. If you don't know the answer to a question, please don't share false information. <</SYS>> Extract from the following context the minimal span word for word that best answers the question. Think step by step and explain your reasoning. Then give the answer in JSON format as follows: ```json { "answer": ... } ``` If the answer is not in the context, the answer should be "?". Question: متى بدأ إنتاج الدوريات العلمية والأدبية على نطاق واسع؟ Context: تم إنشاء المجلات العلمية والأدبية الأولى خلال عصر التنوير . ظهرت المجلة الأولى ، المجلة الباريسية des S avans ، في عام 1665 . ومع ذلك ، لم يبدأ إنتاج الدوريات على نطاق واسع حتى عام 1682 . وكانت الفرنسية واللاتينية هما اللغتان السائدتان في النشر ، ولكن كان هناك أيضا طلب مطرد على المواد باللغتين الألمانية والهولندية . كان هناك طلب منخفض بشكل عام على المنشورات الإنجليزية في القارة ، وهو ما ردده افتقار إنجلترا المماثل إلى الرغبة في الأعمال الفرنسية . وجدت اللغات التي تسيطر على سوق دولية أقل - مثل الدنماركية والإسبانية والبرتغالية - أن نجاح المجلة أكثر صعوبة ، وفي أكثر الأحيان ، تم استخدام لغة دولية أكثر بدلا من ذلك . استولت الفرنسية ببطء على وضع اللاتينية كلغة مشتركة للدوائر المتعلمة . وهذا بدوره أعطى الأسبقية لصناعة النشر في هولندا ، حيث تم إنتاج الغالبية العظمى من هذه الدوريات باللغة الفرنسية . [/INST] ```json {<answer_start> "answer": "بدأ إنتاج الدوريات العلمية والأدبية على نطاق واسع عام 1682." <answer_end> } ``` </s>

تم إنشاء المجلات العلمية والأدبية الأولى خلال عصر التنوير . ظهرت المجلة الأولى ، المجلة الباريسية des S avans ، في عام 1665 . ومع ذلك ، لم يبدأ إنتاج الدوريات على نطاق واسع حتى عام 1682 . وكانت الفرنسية واللاتينية هما اللغتان السائدتان في النشر ، ولكن كان هناك أيضا طلب مطرد على المواد باللغتين الألمانية والهولندية . كان هناك طلب منخفض بشكل عام على المنشورات الإنجليزية في القارة ، وهو ما ردده افتقار إنجلترا المماثل إلى الرغبة في الأعمال الفرنسية . وجدت اللغات التي تسيطر على سوق دولية أقل - مثل الدنماركية والإسبانية والبرتغالية - أن نجاح المجلة أكثر صعوبة ، وفي أكثر الأحيان ، تم استخدام لغة دولية أكثر بدلا من ذلك . استولت الفرنسية ببطء على وضع اللاتينية كلغة مشتركة للدوائر المتعلمة . وهذا بدوره أعطى الأسبقية لصناعة النشر في هولندا ، حيث تم إنتاج الغالبية العظمى من هذه الدوريات باللغة الفرنسية .

متى بدأ إنتاج الدوريات العلمية والأدبية على نطاق واسع؟

<s>[INST] <<SYS>> You are a helpful, respectful and honest assistant. Always answer as helpfully as possible, while being safe. Your answers should not include any harmful, unethical, racist, sexist, toxic, dangerous, or illegal content. Please ensure that your responses are socially unbiased and positive in nature. If a question does not make any sense, or is not factually coherent, explain why instead of answering something not correct. If you don't know the answer to a question, please don't share false information. <</SYS>> Extract from the following context the minimal span word for word that best answers the question. Think step by step and explain your reasoning. Then give the answer in JSON format as follows: ```json { "answer": ... } ``` If the answer is not in the context, the answer should be "?". Question: نظام بيئي هش يتكون من التنوب البلسم والتنوب الحمراء في جنوب الأبالاش. Context: الأبالاش هي أيضا موطن لنوعين من التنوب ، التنوب البلسم الشمالي ( Abies balsamea ) ، والتنوب الجنوبي عالي الارتفاع ، تنوب فريزر ( Abies fraseri ) . يقتصر تنوب فريزر على أعلى أجزاء جبال الأبالاش الجنوبية ، حيث يشكل مع شجرة التنوب الحمراء نظاما بيئيا هشا يعرف باسم غابة التنوب والتنوب في جنوب الأبالاش . نادرا ما يحدث تنوب فريزر أقل من 5 , 500 قدم ( 1 , 700 متر ) ، ويصبح نوع الأشجار المهيمن عند 6 , 200 قدم ( 1 , 900 متر ) . على النقيض من ذلك ، تم العثور على تنوب البلسم من بالقرب من مستوى سطح البحر إلى خط الأشجار في جبال الأبالاش الشمالية ، ولكنه يتراوح فقط إلى أقصى الجنوب مثل فرجينيا وفرجينيا الغربية في جبال الأبالاش الوسطى ، حيث يقتصر عادة على 3 , 900 قدم ( 1 , 200 م ) ASL ، باستثناء الوديان الباردة . الغريب أنه يرتبط بالبلوط في فرجينيا . يعتقد البعض أن تنوب البلسم في فرجينيا وفرجينيا الغربية هجين طبيعي بين الصنف الشمالي وتنوب فريزر . في حين أن شجرة التنوب الحمراء شائعة في كل من موائل المرتفعات والمستنقعات ، فإن التنوب البلسم ، وكذلك شجرة التنوب السوداء و tamarack ، هي أكثر تميزا لهذا الأخير . ومع ذلك ، فإن التنوب البلسم يعمل بشكل جيد أيضا في التربة ذات الرقم الهيدروجيني الذي يصل إلى 6 . [/INST] ```json {<answer_start> "answer": "نظام بيئي هش يتكون من التنوب البلسم والتنوب الحمراء في جنوب الأبالاش." <answer_end> } ``` </s>

الأبالاش هي أيضا موطن لنوعين من التنوب ، التنوب البلسم الشمالي ( Abies balsamea ) ، والتنوب الجنوبي عالي الارتفاع ، تنوب فريزر ( Abies fraseri ) . يقتصر تنوب فريزر على أعلى أجزاء جبال الأبالاش الجنوبية ، حيث يشكل مع شجرة التنوب الحمراء نظاما بيئيا هشا يعرف باسم غابة التنوب والتنوب في جنوب الأبالاش . نادرا ما يحدث تنوب فريزر أقل من 5 , 500 قدم ( 1 , 700 متر ) ، ويصبح نوع الأشجار المهيمن عند 6 , 200 قدم ( 1 , 900 متر ) . على النقيض من ذلك ، تم العثور على تنوب البلسم من بالقرب من مستوى سطح البحر إلى خط الأشجار في جبال الأبالاش الشمالية ، ولكنه يتراوح فقط إلى أقصى الجنوب مثل فرجينيا وفرجينيا الغربية في جبال الأبالاش الوسطى ، حيث يقتصر عادة على 3 , 900 قدم ( 1 , 200 م ) ASL ، باستثناء الوديان الباردة . الغريب أنه يرتبط بالبلوط في فرجينيا . يعتقد البعض أن تنوب البلسم في فرجينيا وفرجينيا الغربية هجين طبيعي بين الصنف الشمالي وتنوب فريزر . في حين أن شجرة التنوب الحمراء شائعة في كل من موائل المرتفعات والمستنقعات ، فإن التنوب البلسم ، وكذلك شجرة التنوب السوداء و tamarack ، هي أكثر تميزا لهذا الأخير . ومع ذلك ، فإن التنوب البلسم يعمل بشكل جيد أيضا في التربة ذات الرقم الهيدروجيني الذي يصل إلى 6 .

نظام بيئي هش يتكون من التنوب البلسم والتنوب الحمراء في جنوب الأبالاش.

<s>[INST] <<SYS>> You are a helpful, respectful and honest assistant. Always answer as helpfully as possible, while being safe. Your answers should not include any harmful, unethical, racist, sexist, toxic, dangerous, or illegal content. Please ensure that your responses are socially unbiased and positive in nature. If a question does not make any sense, or is not factually coherent, explain why instead of answering something not correct. If you don't know the answer to a question, please don't share false information. <</SYS>> Extract from the following context the minimal span word for word that best answers the question. Think step by step and explain your reasoning. Then give the answer in JSON format as follows: ```json { "answer": ... } ``` If the answer is not in the context, the answer should be "?". Question: ما الجهات التي انتقدت برامج K-12 وإصلاح التعليم العالي التابعة لمؤسسة غيتس؟ Context: تعرضت برامج K - 12 وإصلاح التعليم العالي التابعة لمؤسسة غيتس للانتقاد من قبل بعض المتخصصين في التعليم وأولياء الأمور والباحثين لأنها قادت المحادثة حول إصلاح التعليم إلى حد أنها قد تهمش الباحثين الذين لا يدعمون تفضيلات السياسة المحددة مسبقا لغيتس . كانت العديد من السياسات المدعومة من غيتس مثل المدارس الصغيرة والمدارس المستأجرة وزيادة أحجام الفصول باهظة الثمن ومدمرة ، لكن بعض الدراسات تشير إلى أنها لم تحسن النتائج التعليمية وربما تسببت في ضرر . وجدت الدراسات العلمية التي تمت مراجعتها من قبل النظراء في جامعة ستانفورد أن المدارس المستأجرة لا تحسن أداء الطلاب بشكل منهجي [/INST] ```json {<answer_start> "answer": "انتقدت برامج K-12 وإصلاح التعليم العالي التابعة لمؤسسة غيتس بعض المتخصصين في التعليم وأولياء الأمور والباحثين" <answer_end> } ``` </s>

تعرضت برامج K - 12 وإصلاح التعليم العالي التابعة لمؤسسة غيتس للانتقاد من قبل بعض المتخصصين في التعليم وأولياء الأمور والباحثين لأنها قادت المحادثة حول إصلاح التعليم إلى حد أنها قد تهمش الباحثين الذين لا يدعمون تفضيلات السياسة المحددة مسبقا لغيتس . كانت العديد من السياسات المدعومة من غيتس مثل المدارس الصغيرة والمدارس المستأجرة وزيادة أحجام الفصول باهظة الثمن ومدمرة ، لكن بعض الدراسات تشير إلى أنها لم تحسن النتائج التعليمية وربما تسببت في ضرر . وجدت الدراسات العلمية التي تمت مراجعتها من قبل النظراء في جامعة ستانفورد أن المدارس المستأجرة لا تحسن أداء الطلاب بشكل منهجي

ما الجهات التي انتقدت برامج K-12 وإصلاح التعليم العالي التابعة لمؤسسة غيتس؟

<s>[INST] <<SYS>> You are a helpful, respectful and honest assistant. Always answer as helpfully as possible, while being safe. Your answers should not include any harmful, unethical, racist, sexist, toxic, dangerous, or illegal content. Please ensure that your responses are socially unbiased and positive in nature. If a question does not make any sense, or is not factually coherent, explain why instead of answering something not correct. If you don't know the answer to a question, please don't share false information. <</SYS>> Extract from the following context the minimal span word for word that best answers the question. Think step by step and explain your reasoning. Then give the answer in JSON format as follows: ```json { "answer": ... } ``` If the answer is not in the context, the answer should be "?". Question: ما هو دور المجلس البريطاني الأيرلندي؟ Context: ولا يتمتع المجلس بسلطات تنفيذية ولكنه يجتمع مرتين في السنة لمناقشة القضايا ذات الأهمية المتبادلة . وبالمثل ، لا تتمتع الجمعية البرلمانية بسلطات تشريعية ولكنها تحقق وتجمع أدلة الشهود من الجمهور بشأن المسائل ذات الاهتمام المشترك لأعضائها . وتقدم تقارير عن النتائج التي توصل إليها التقرير إلى حكومتي أيرلندا والمملكة المتحدة . وخلال اجتماع المجلس البريطاني الأيرلندي المعقود في شباط - فبراير 2008 ، تم الاتفاق على إنشاء أمانة دائمة تكون بمثابة " خدمة مدنية " دائمة للمجلس . في طليعة التطورات في المجلس البريطاني الأيرلندي ، اقترح رئيس الجمعية البرلمانية البريطانية الأيرلندية ، نيال بلاني ، أن الهيئة يجب أن تظلل عمل المجلس البريطاني الأيرلندي . [/INST] ```json {<answer_start> "answer": "المجلس البريطاني الأيرلندي لا يتمتع بسلطات تنفيذية ولكنه يجتمع لمناقشة القضايا المهمة. الجمعية البرلمانية بدورها تقوم بتجميع أدلة الشهود وتقديم التقارير إلى حكومتي أيرلندا والمملكة المتحدة. تم اقتراح إنشاء أمانة دائمة للمجلس تكون بمثابة "خدمة مدنية" دائمة." <answer_end> } ``` </s>

ولا يتمتع المجلس بسلطات تنفيذية ولكنه يجتمع مرتين في السنة لمناقشة القضايا ذات الأهمية المتبادلة . وبالمثل ، لا تتمتع الجمعية البرلمانية بسلطات تشريعية ولكنها تحقق وتجمع أدلة الشهود من الجمهور بشأن المسائل ذات الاهتمام المشترك لأعضائها . وتقدم تقارير عن النتائج التي توصل إليها التقرير إلى حكومتي أيرلندا والمملكة المتحدة . وخلال اجتماع المجلس البريطاني الأيرلندي المعقود في شباط - فبراير 2008 ، تم الاتفاق على إنشاء أمانة دائمة تكون بمثابة " خدمة مدنية " دائمة للمجلس . في طليعة التطورات في المجلس البريطاني الأيرلندي ، اقترح رئيس الجمعية البرلمانية البريطانية الأيرلندية ، نيال بلاني ، أن الهيئة يجب أن تظلل عمل المجلس البريطاني الأيرلندي .

ما هو دور المجلس البريطاني الأيرلندي؟

<s>[INST] <<SYS>> You are a helpful, respectful and honest assistant. Always answer as helpfully as possible, while being safe. Your answers should not include any harmful, unethical, racist, sexist, toxic, dangerous, or illegal content. Please ensure that your responses are socially unbiased and positive in nature. If a question does not make any sense, or is not factually coherent, explain why instead of answering something not correct. If you don't know the answer to a question, please don't share false information. <</SYS>> Extract from the following context the minimal span word for word that best answers the question. Think step by step and explain your reasoning. Then give the answer in JSON format as follows: ```json { "answer": ... } ``` If the answer is not in the context, the answer should be "?". Question: كيف يمكن وصف نجاح American Idol في جوائز إيمي؟ Context: تم ترشيح American Idol لبرنامج مسابقة الواقع المتميز في Emmy لمدة تسع سنوات ولكنه لم يفز أبدا . فاز المخرج بروس غاور بجائزة إيمي برايم تايم للإخراج المتميز لمسلسل متنوع أو موسيقي أو كوميدي في عام 2009 ، وفاز المسلسل بجائزة إيمي للفنون الإبداعية في كل من عامي 2007 و 2008 ، وثلاثة في عام 2009 ، واثنين في عام 2011 ، بالإضافة إلى جائزة الحاكم في عام 2007 عن طبعته Idol Gives Back . فاز بجائزة اختيار الشعب ، التي تكرم الثقافة الشعبية في العام السابق كما صوت عليها الجمهور ، عن المسابقة - برنامج الواقع المفضل في 2005 و 2006 و 2007 و 2010 و 2011 و 2012 . فاز الفيلم بجائزة اختيار النقاد التلفزيونية الأولى في عام 2011 لأفضل مسابقة واقعية . [/INST] ```json {<answer_start> "answer": "American Idol تم ترشيحه لجائزة إيمي لبرنامج مسابقة الواقع المتميز لمدة تسع سنوات وفاز بجوائز إيمي في عدة فئات. فاز المخرج بروس غاور بجائزة إيمي برايم تايم للإخراج المتميز في عام 2009 ، وفاز المسلسل بجوائز إيمي للفنون الإبداعية في عدة سنوات من بينها عام 2007 و 2008 وثلاثة جوائز في عام 2009 واثنتين في عام 2011. كما فاز بجائزة الحاكم في عام 2007 عن طبعته Idol Gives Back. أيضًا ، فاز بجائزة اختيار الشعب في عدة سنوات من بينها عام 2005 و 2006 و 2007 و 2010 و 2011 و 2012. تمنح هذه الجائزة الثقافة الشعبية في العام السابق بتصويت الجمهور. فاز الفيلم أيضًا بجائزة اختيار النقاد التلفزيونية الأولى في عام 2011 لأفضل مسابقة واقعية." <answer_end> } ``` </s>

تم ترشيح American Idol لبرنامج مسابقة الواقع المتميز في Emmy لمدة تسع سنوات ولكنه لم يفز أبدا . فاز المخرج بروس غاور بجائزة إيمي برايم تايم للإخراج المتميز لمسلسل متنوع أو موسيقي أو كوميدي في عام 2009 ، وفاز المسلسل بجائزة إيمي للفنون الإبداعية في كل من عامي 2007 و 2008 ، وثلاثة في عام 2009 ، واثنين في عام 2011 ، بالإضافة إلى جائزة الحاكم في عام 2007 عن طبعته Idol Gives Back . فاز بجائزة اختيار الشعب ، التي تكرم الثقافة الشعبية في العام السابق كما صوت عليها الجمهور ، عن المسابقة - برنامج الواقع المفضل في 2005 و 2006 و 2007 و 2010 و 2011 و 2012 . فاز الفيلم بجائزة اختيار النقاد التلفزيونية الأولى في عام 2011 لأفضل مسابقة واقعية .

كيف يمكن وصف نجاح American Idol في جوائز إيمي؟

<s>[INST] <<SYS>> You are a helpful, respectful and honest assistant. Always answer as helpfully as possible, while being safe. Your answers should not include any harmful, unethical, racist, sexist, toxic, dangerous, or illegal content. Please ensure that your responses are socially unbiased and positive in nature. If a question does not make any sense, or is not factually coherent, explain why instead of answering something not correct. If you don't know the answer to a question, please don't share false information. <</SYS>> Extract from the following context the minimal span word for word that best answers the question. Think step by step and explain your reasoning. Then give the answer in JSON format as follows: ```json { "answer": ... } ``` If the answer is not in the context, the answer should be "?". Question: كم نسبة المشاهدة التي حققتها شبكة سي بي سي لتغطية التصفيات الخاصة بكأس ستانلي؟ Context: كما حققت التغطية الرياضية لشبكة سي بي سي نسبة مشاهدة عالية في الأسواق الحدودية ، بما في ذلك تغطيتها لتصفيات كأس ستانلي التابعة لدوري كرة السلة الأميركي للمحترفين ، والتي اعتبرت عموما أكثر اكتمالا واتساقا من التغطية التي قامت بها شبكات أخرى مثل إن بي سي . كما وجدت تغطيتها للألعاب الأولمبية جمهورا كبيرا في المناطق الحدودية ، ويرجع ذلك في المقام الأول إلى حقيقة أن CBC بثت أحداثا حية أكثر من تغطية NBC ، التي تعرضت لانتقادات في السنوات الأخيرة بسبب شريط يؤخر الأحداث لبثها في وقت الذروة ، حتى لو كان الحدث يقام في سوق في المنطقة الزمنية للمحيط الهادئ خلال ساعات الذروة في الشرق ( حيث سيظل يتأخر لوقت الذروة في الساحل الغربي ) . [/INST] ```json {<answer_start> "answer": "نسبة المشاهدة عالية" <answer_end> } ``` </s>

كما حققت التغطية الرياضية لشبكة سي بي سي نسبة مشاهدة عالية في الأسواق الحدودية ، بما في ذلك تغطيتها لتصفيات كأس ستانلي التابعة لدوري كرة السلة الأميركي للمحترفين ، والتي اعتبرت عموما أكثر اكتمالا واتساقا من التغطية التي قامت بها شبكات أخرى مثل إن بي سي . كما وجدت تغطيتها للألعاب الأولمبية جمهورا كبيرا في المناطق الحدودية ، ويرجع ذلك في المقام الأول إلى حقيقة أن CBC بثت أحداثا حية أكثر من تغطية NBC ، التي تعرضت لانتقادات في السنوات الأخيرة بسبب شريط يؤخر الأحداث لبثها في وقت الذروة ، حتى لو كان الحدث يقام في سوق في المنطقة الزمنية للمحيط الهادئ خلال ساعات الذروة في الشرق ( حيث سيظل يتأخر لوقت الذروة في الساحل الغربي ) .

كم نسبة المشاهدة التي حققتها شبكة سي بي سي لتغطية التصفيات الخاصة بكأس ستانلي؟

<s>[INST] <<SYS>> You are a helpful, respectful and honest assistant. Always answer as helpfully as possible, while being safe. Your answers should not include any harmful, unethical, racist, sexist, toxic, dangerous, or illegal content. Please ensure that your responses are socially unbiased and positive in nature. If a question does not make any sense, or is not factually coherent, explain why instead of answering something not correct. If you don't know the answer to a question, please don't share false information. <</SYS>> Extract from the following context the minimal span word for word that best answers the question. Think step by step and explain your reasoning. Then give the answer in JSON format as follows: ```json { "answer": ... } ``` If the answer is not in the context, the answer should be "?". Question: كم عدد الحاملات الطائرات التي تملكها البحرية الأمريكية؟ Context: تطورت حاملات الطائرات منذ إنشائها في أوائل القرن العشرين من السفن الخشبية المستخدمة لنشر البالونات إلى السفن الحربية التي تعمل بالطاقة النووية والتي تحمل عشرات الطائرات ، بما في ذلك الطائرات المقاتلة والمروحيات . اعتبارا من 3 مارس 2016 ، هناك سبع وثلاثون حاملة طائرات نشطة في العالم ضمن اثني عشر بحريا . ولدى بحرية الولايات المتحدة 10 حاملات طائرات كبيرة تعمل بالطاقة النووية ( تعرف باسم حاملات الطائرات العملاقة ، تحمل كل منها ما يصل إلى 90 طائرة ) ، وهي أكبر حاملة الطائرات في العالم ؛ يبلغ إجمالي مساحة سطح السفينة أكثر من ضعف مساحة جميع الدول الأخرى مجتمعة . بالإضافة إلى أسطول حاملات الطائرات العملاقة ، تمتلك البحرية الأمريكية تسع سفن هجومية برمائية تستخدم في المقام الأول للمروحيات ( تسمى أحيانا حاملات طائرات الهليكوبتر ) ؛ ويمكن أن تحمل هذه الطائرات أيضا ما يصل إلى 25 طائرة مقاتلة ، وفي بعض الحالات ، تكون كبيرة مثل حاملات الطائرات ذات الأجنحة الثابتة في بعض الدول الأخرى . [/INST] ```json {<answer_start> "answer": "لدى البحرية الأمريكية 10 حاملات طائرات كبيرة تعمل بالطاقة النووية، بالإضافة إلى تسع سفن هجومية برمائية تستخدم في المقام الأول للمروحيات." <answer_end> } ``` </s>

تطورت حاملات الطائرات منذ إنشائها في أوائل القرن العشرين من السفن الخشبية المستخدمة لنشر البالونات إلى السفن الحربية التي تعمل بالطاقة النووية والتي تحمل عشرات الطائرات ، بما في ذلك الطائرات المقاتلة والمروحيات . اعتبارا من 3 مارس 2016 ، هناك سبع وثلاثون حاملة طائرات نشطة في العالم ضمن اثني عشر بحريا . ولدى بحرية الولايات المتحدة 10 حاملات طائرات كبيرة تعمل بالطاقة النووية ( تعرف باسم حاملات الطائرات العملاقة ، تحمل كل منها ما يصل إلى 90 طائرة ) ، وهي أكبر حاملة الطائرات في العالم ؛ يبلغ إجمالي مساحة سطح السفينة أكثر من ضعف مساحة جميع الدول الأخرى مجتمعة . بالإضافة إلى أسطول حاملات الطائرات العملاقة ، تمتلك البحرية الأمريكية تسع سفن هجومية برمائية تستخدم في المقام الأول للمروحيات ( تسمى أحيانا حاملات طائرات الهليكوبتر ) ؛ ويمكن أن تحمل هذه الطائرات أيضا ما يصل إلى 25 طائرة مقاتلة ، وفي بعض الحالات ، تكون كبيرة مثل حاملات الطائرات ذات الأجنحة الثابتة في بعض الدول الأخرى .

كم عدد الحاملات الطائرات التي تملكها البحرية الأمريكية؟

<s>[INST] <<SYS>> You are a helpful, respectful and honest assistant. Always answer as helpfully as possible, while being safe. Your answers should not include any harmful, unethical, racist, sexist, toxic, dangerous, or illegal content. Please ensure that your responses are socially unbiased and positive in nature. If a question does not make any sense, or is not factually coherent, explain why instead of answering something not correct. If you don't know the answer to a question, please don't share false information. <</SYS>> Extract from the following context the minimal span word for word that best answers the question. Think step by step and explain your reasoning. Then give the answer in JSON format as follows: ```json { "answer": ... } ``` If the answer is not in the context, the answer should be "?". Question: كيف يقدم أرسنال في الدوري الإنجليزي الممتاز؟ Context: أنهى أرسنال في المركز الأول أو الثاني في الدوري في ثمانية من أول أحد عشر موسما لفينجر في النادي ، على الرغم من أنه لم يتمكن في أي مناسبة من الاحتفاظ باللقب . اعتبارا من يوليو 2013 ، كانوا واحدا من خمسة فرق فقط ، والفرق الأخرى هي مانشستر يونايتد وبلاكبيرن روفرز وتشيلسي ومانشستر سيتي ، الذين فازوا بالدوري الإنجليزي الممتاز منذ تشكيله في عام 1992 . لم يسبق لأرسنال أن تقدم إلى ما بعد ربع نهائي دوري أبطال أوروبا حتى موسم 2005 – 06 . في ذلك الموسم ، أصبحوا أول ناد من لندن في تاريخ المسابقة الممتد على مدار خمسين عاما يصل إلى النهائي ، حيث هزم 2 - 1 من برشلونة . في يوليو 2006 ، انتقلوا إلى استاد الإمارات ، بعد 93 عاما في هايبري . [/INST] ```json {<answer_start> "answer": "في المركز الأول أو الثاني في ثمانية من أول أحد عشر موسما" <answer_end> } ``` </s>

أنهى أرسنال في المركز الأول أو الثاني في الدوري في ثمانية من أول أحد عشر موسما لفينجر في النادي ، على الرغم من أنه لم يتمكن في أي مناسبة من الاحتفاظ باللقب . اعتبارا من يوليو 2013 ، كانوا واحدا من خمسة فرق فقط ، والفرق الأخرى هي مانشستر يونايتد وبلاكبيرن روفرز وتشيلسي ومانشستر سيتي ، الذين فازوا بالدوري الإنجليزي الممتاز منذ تشكيله في عام 1992 . لم يسبق لأرسنال أن تقدم إلى ما بعد ربع نهائي دوري أبطال أوروبا حتى موسم 2005 – 06 . في ذلك الموسم ، أصبحوا أول ناد من لندن في تاريخ المسابقة الممتد على مدار خمسين عاما يصل إلى النهائي ، حيث هزم 2 - 1 من برشلونة . في يوليو 2006 ، انتقلوا إلى استاد الإمارات ، بعد 93 عاما في هايبري .

كيف يقدم أرسنال في الدوري الإنجليزي الممتاز؟

<s>[INST] <<SYS>> You are a helpful, respectful and honest assistant. Always answer as helpfully as possible, while being safe. Your answers should not include any harmful, unethical, racist, sexist, toxic, dangerous, or illegal content. Please ensure that your responses are socially unbiased and positive in nature. If a question does not make any sense, or is not factually coherent, explain why instead of answering something not correct. If you don't know the answer to a question, please don't share false information. <</SYS>> Extract from the following context the minimal span word for word that best answers the question. Think step by step and explain your reasoning. Then give the answer in JSON format as follows: ```json { "answer": ... } ``` If the answer is not in the context, the answer should be "?". Question: كم بلغ عدد الضحايا جراء زلزال سيتشوان عام 2008؟ Context: زلزال سيتشوان 2008 أو زلزال سيتشوان العظيم ، الذي بلغت قوته 8 . 0 Ms و 7 . 9 Mw ، ووقع في 02 : 28 : 01 PM بتوقيت الصين الرسمي في مركز الزلزال ( 06 : 28 : 01 UTC ) في 12 مايو في مقاطعة سيتشوان ، أسفر عن مقتل 69 , 197 شخصا وترك 18 , 222 مفقودا . [/INST] ```json {<answer_start> "answer": "عدد الضحايا جراء زلزال سيتشوان عام 2008 بلغ 69,197 شخصًا." <answer_end> } ``` </s>

زلزال سيتشوان 2008 أو زلزال سيتشوان العظيم ، الذي بلغت قوته 8 . 0 Ms و 7 . 9 Mw ، ووقع في 02 : 28 : 01 PM بتوقيت الصين الرسمي في مركز الزلزال ( 06 : 28 : 01 UTC ) في 12 مايو في مقاطعة سيتشوان ، أسفر عن مقتل 69 , 197 شخصا وترك 18 , 222 مفقودا .

كم بلغ عدد الضحايا جراء زلزال سيتشوان عام 2008؟

<s>[INST] <<SYS>> You are a helpful, respectful and honest assistant. Always answer as helpfully as possible, while being safe. Your answers should not include any harmful, unethical, racist, sexist, toxic, dangerous, or illegal content. Please ensure that your responses are socially unbiased and positive in nature. If a question does not make any sense, or is not factually coherent, explain why instead of answering something not correct. If you don't know the answer to a question, please don't share false information. <</SYS>> Extract from the following context the minimal span word for word that best answers the question. Think step by step and explain your reasoning. Then give the answer in JSON format as follows: ```json { "answer": ... } ``` If the answer is not in the context, the answer should be "?". Question: من أين تأسست آن أربور؟ Context: تأسست آن أربور في عام 1824 من قبل المضاربين في الأراضي جون ألين وإليشا ووكر رومسي . في 25 مايو 1824 ، تم تسجيل لوحة المدينة مع مقاطعة واين باسم " Annarbour " ؛ وهذا يمثل أول استخدام معروف لاسم المدينة . قرر ألين ورومسي تسميتها باسم زوجتيهما ، وكلاهما يدعى آن ، ولمواقف بور أوك في 640 فدانا ( 260 هكتارا ) من الأراضي التي اشتروها مقابل 800 دولار من الحكومة الفيدرالية بسعر 1 . 25 دولار للفدان . أطلق أوجيبوا المحلي اسم المستوطنة كاو - غوش - كاو - نيك ، على اسم صوت منشرة ألين . [/INST] ```json {<answer_start> "answer": "في عام 1824 من قبل المضاربين في الأراضي جون ألين وإليشا ووكر رومسي." <answer_end> } ``` </s>

تأسست آن أربور في عام 1824 من قبل المضاربين في الأراضي جون ألين وإليشا ووكر رومسي . في 25 مايو 1824 ، تم تسجيل لوحة المدينة مع مقاطعة واين باسم " Annarbour " ؛ وهذا يمثل أول استخدام معروف لاسم المدينة . قرر ألين ورومسي تسميتها باسم زوجتيهما ، وكلاهما يدعى آن ، ولمواقف بور أوك في 640 فدانا ( 260 هكتارا ) من الأراضي التي اشتروها مقابل 800 دولار من الحكومة الفيدرالية بسعر 1 . 25 دولار للفدان . أطلق أوجيبوا المحلي اسم المستوطنة كاو - غوش - كاو - نيك ، على اسم صوت منشرة ألين .

من أين تأسست آن أربور؟

<s>[INST] <<SYS>> You are a helpful, respectful and honest assistant. Always answer as helpfully as possible, while being safe. Your answers should not include any harmful, unethical, racist, sexist, toxic, dangerous, or illegal content. Please ensure that your responses are socially unbiased and positive in nature. If a question does not make any sense, or is not factually coherent, explain why instead of answering something not correct. If you don't know the answer to a question, please don't share false information. <</SYS>> Extract from the following context the minimal span word for word that best answers the question. Think step by step and explain your reasoning. Then give the answer in JSON format as follows: ```json { "answer": ... } ``` If the answer is not in the context, the answer should be "?". Question: ما هي الفكرة الرئيسية للمراجعة التي قام بها ألكسندر ماكفارلين؟ Context: في ذلك الوقت ، لفتت الهياكل مثل جبر Lie والرباعيات الزائدية الانتباه إلى الحاجة إلى توسيع الهياكل الجبرية خارج الطبقة المضاعفة الترابطية . في مراجعة كتب ألكسندر ماكفارلين : " الفكرة الرئيسية للعمل ليست توحيد الطرق المتعددة ، ولا تعميم الجبر العادي بحيث يشملها ، بل الدراسة المقارنة لهياكلها المتعددة " . في مراجعة منفصلة ، كتب G . B . Mathews ، " إنه يمتلك وحدة تصميم رائعة حقا ، بالنظر إلى تنوع موضوعاته " . [/INST] ```json {<answer_start> "answer": "الفكرة الرئيسية للمراجعة التي قام بها ألكسندر ماكفارلين هي "الدراسة المقارنة لهياكل الجبر المتعددة"." <answer_end> } ``` </s>

في ذلك الوقت ، لفتت الهياكل مثل جبر Lie والرباعيات الزائدية الانتباه إلى الحاجة إلى توسيع الهياكل الجبرية خارج الطبقة المضاعفة الترابطية . في مراجعة كتب ألكسندر ماكفارلين : " الفكرة الرئيسية للعمل ليست توحيد الطرق المتعددة ، ولا تعميم الجبر العادي بحيث يشملها ، بل الدراسة المقارنة لهياكلها المتعددة " . في مراجعة منفصلة ، كتب G . B . Mathews ، " إنه يمتلك وحدة تصميم رائعة حقا ، بالنظر إلى تنوع موضوعاته " .

ما هي الفكرة الرئيسية للمراجعة التي قام بها ألكسندر ماكفارلين؟

<s>[INST] <<SYS>> You are a helpful, respectful and honest assistant. Always answer as helpfully as possible, while being safe. Your answers should not include any harmful, unethical, racist, sexist, toxic, dangerous, or illegal content. Please ensure that your responses are socially unbiased and positive in nature. If a question does not make any sense, or is not factually coherent, explain why instead of answering something not correct. If you don't know the answer to a question, please don't share false information. <</SYS>> Extract from the following context the minimal span word for word that best answers the question. Think step by step and explain your reasoning. Then give the answer in JSON format as follows: ```json { "answer": ... } ``` If the answer is not in the context, the answer should be "?". Question: كيف تهاجر طيور القطرس؟ Context: الأنواع الأكثر بقاحة ، وخاصة في رتبة Procellariiformes " tubenose " ، هي متجولين رائعين ، وقد تدور طيور القطرس في المحيطات الجنوبية حول العالم أثناء ركوبها " الأربعينيات الصاخبة " خارج موسم التكاثر . تنتشر الأنابيب على نطاق واسع في مناطق واسعة من المحيطات المفتوحة ، ولكنها تتجمع عندما يصبح الطعام متاحا . وكثير منهم أيضا من بين المهاجرين الأطول مسافة . يهاجر Puffinus griseus الذي يعشش في جزر فوكلاند على بعد 14000 كم ( 8700 ميل ) بين مستعمرة التكاثر وشمال المحيط الأطلسي قبالة النرويج . بعض مقصات مانكس Puffinus puffinus تقوم بنفس الرحلة في الاتجاه المعاكس . وبما أنها طيور طويلة العمر ، فإنها قد تقطع مسافات هائلة خلال حياتها ؛ تم حساب أحد مقصات Manx التي حطمت الأرقام القياسية على أنها حلقت 8 ملايين كم ( 5 ملايين ميل ) خلال عمرها الافتراضي الذي يزيد عن 50 عاما . [/INST] ```json {<answer_start> "answer": "تهاجر طيور القطرس بالتجول في المحيطات الجنوبية حول العالم." <answer_end> } ``` </s>

الأنواع الأكثر بقاحة ، وخاصة في رتبة Procellariiformes " tubenose " ، هي متجولين رائعين ، وقد تدور طيور القطرس في المحيطات الجنوبية حول العالم أثناء ركوبها " الأربعينيات الصاخبة " خارج موسم التكاثر . تنتشر الأنابيب على نطاق واسع في مناطق واسعة من المحيطات المفتوحة ، ولكنها تتجمع عندما يصبح الطعام متاحا . وكثير منهم أيضا من بين المهاجرين الأطول مسافة . يهاجر Puffinus griseus الذي يعشش في جزر فوكلاند على بعد 14000 كم ( 8700 ميل ) بين مستعمرة التكاثر وشمال المحيط الأطلسي قبالة النرويج . بعض مقصات مانكس Puffinus puffinus تقوم بنفس الرحلة في الاتجاه المعاكس . وبما أنها طيور طويلة العمر ، فإنها قد تقطع مسافات هائلة خلال حياتها ؛ تم حساب أحد مقصات Manx التي حطمت الأرقام القياسية على أنها حلقت 8 ملايين كم ( 5 ملايين ميل ) خلال عمرها الافتراضي الذي يزيد عن 50 عاما .

كيف تهاجر طيور القطرس؟

<s>[INST] <<SYS>> You are a helpful, respectful and honest assistant. Always answer as helpfully as possible, while being safe. Your answers should not include any harmful, unethical, racist, sexist, toxic, dangerous, or illegal content. Please ensure that your responses are socially unbiased and positive in nature. If a question does not make any sense, or is not factually coherent, explain why instead of answering something not correct. If you don't know the answer to a question, please don't share false information. <</SYS>> Extract from the following context the minimal span word for word that best answers the question. Think step by step and explain your reasoning. Then give the answer in JSON format as follows: ```json { "answer": ... } ``` If the answer is not in the context, the answer should be "?". Question: غير محدد. Context: يتميز الأبالاش بثروة من الأشجار الكبيرة والجميلة ذات الأوراق العريضة ( الخشب الصلب ) . من الأفضل تلخيص ووصف حدوثها في كتاب E . Lucy Braun الكلاسيكي لعام 1950 ، الغابات المتساقطة في شرق أمريكا الشمالية ( ماكميلان ، نيويورك ) . الغابات الأكثر تنوعا وثراء هي أنواع الرطوبة المتوسطة أو المتوسطة المختلطة ، والتي تقتصر إلى حد كبير على التربة الجبلية الغنية والرطبة في جبال الأبالاش الجنوبية والوسطى ، وخاصة في جبال كمبرلاند وأليغيني ، ولكنها تزدهر أيضا في الخلجان الأبالاشية الجنوبية . أنواع المظلة المميزة هي خشب الباسوود الأبيض ( Tilia heterophylla ) ، و buckeye الأصفر ( Aesculus octandra ) ، وقيقب السكر ( Acer saccharum ) ، والزان الأمريكي ( Fagus grandifolia ) ، والزنبق ( Liriodendron tulipifera ) ، والرماد الأبيض ( Fraxinus americana ) والبتولا الأصفر ( Betula alleganiensis ) . الأشجار الشائعة الأخرى هي القيقب الأحمر ( Acer rubrum ) ، والأشعث وهيكوريز الجوز المر ( Carya ovata و C . cordiformis ) والبتولا الأسود أو الحلو ( Betula lenta ) . تشمل الأشجار والشجيرات الصغيرة ذات القصة السفلية قرانيا مزهرة ( كورنوس فلوريدا ) ، و hophornbeam ( Ostrya virginiana ) ، و witch - hazel ( Hamamelis virginiana ) و spicebush ( Lindera benzoin ) . هناك أيضا المئات من الأعشاب المعمرة والسنوية ، من بينها النباتات العشبية والطبية مثل الجينسنغ الأمريكي ( Panax quinquefolius ) ، goldenseal ( Hydrastis canadensis ) ، bloodroot ( Sanguinaria canadensis ) و cohosh الأسود ( Cimicifuga racemosa ) . [/INST] ```json {<answer_start> "answer": "غير محدد." <answer_end> } ``` </s>

يتميز الأبالاش بثروة من الأشجار الكبيرة والجميلة ذات الأوراق العريضة ( الخشب الصلب ) . من الأفضل تلخيص ووصف حدوثها في كتاب E . Lucy Braun الكلاسيكي لعام 1950 ، الغابات المتساقطة في شرق أمريكا الشمالية ( ماكميلان ، نيويورك ) . الغابات الأكثر تنوعا وثراء هي أنواع الرطوبة المتوسطة أو المتوسطة المختلطة ، والتي تقتصر إلى حد كبير على التربة الجبلية الغنية والرطبة في جبال الأبالاش الجنوبية والوسطى ، وخاصة في جبال كمبرلاند وأليغيني ، ولكنها تزدهر أيضا في الخلجان الأبالاشية الجنوبية . أنواع المظلة المميزة هي خشب الباسوود الأبيض ( Tilia heterophylla ) ، و buckeye الأصفر ( Aesculus octandra ) ، وقيقب السكر ( Acer saccharum ) ، والزان الأمريكي ( Fagus grandifolia ) ، والزنبق ( Liriodendron tulipifera ) ، والرماد الأبيض ( Fraxinus americana ) والبتولا الأصفر ( Betula alleganiensis ) . الأشجار الشائعة الأخرى هي القيقب الأحمر ( Acer rubrum ) ، والأشعث وهيكوريز الجوز المر ( Carya ovata و C . cordiformis ) والبتولا الأسود أو الحلو ( Betula lenta ) . تشمل الأشجار والشجيرات الصغيرة ذات القصة السفلية قرانيا مزهرة ( كورنوس فلوريدا ) ، و hophornbeam ( Ostrya virginiana ) ، و witch - hazel ( Hamamelis virginiana ) و spicebush ( Lindera benzoin ) . هناك أيضا المئات من الأعشاب المعمرة والسنوية ، من بينها النباتات العشبية والطبية مثل الجينسنغ الأمريكي ( Panax quinquefolius ) ، goldenseal ( Hydrastis canadensis ) ، bloodroot ( Sanguinaria canadensis ) و cohosh الأسود ( Cimicifuga racemosa ) .

غير محدد.

<s>[INST] <<SYS>> You are a helpful, respectful and honest assistant. Always answer as helpfully as possible, while being safe. Your answers should not include any harmful, unethical, racist, sexist, toxic, dangerous, or illegal content. Please ensure that your responses are socially unbiased and positive in nature. If a question does not make any sense, or is not factually coherent, explain why instead of answering something not correct. If you don't know the answer to a question, please don't share false information. <</SYS>> Extract from the following context the minimal span word for word that best answers the question. Think step by step and explain your reasoning. Then give the answer in JSON format as follows: ```json { "answer": ... } ``` If the answer is not in the context, the answer should be "?". Question: كيف يؤثر العمل بنظام النوبات على الأحداث اليومية والأيضية في الجسم؟ Context: العمل بنظام النوبات أو اضطراب الرحلات الجوية الطويلة المزمن له عواقب وخيمة على الأحداث اليومية والأيضية في الجسم . تظهر الحيوانات التي تجبر على تناول الطعام خلال فترة الراحة زيادة كتلة الجسم وتغير التعبير عن الجينات على مدار الساعة والتمثيل الغذائي . [بحاجة لمصدر] في البشر ، يرتبط العمل بنظام الورديات الذي يفضل أوقات الأكل غير المنتظمة بحساسية الأنسولين المتغيرة وارتفاع كتلة الجسم . يؤدي العمل بنظام الورديات أيضا إلى زيادة مخاطر التمثيل الغذائي لمتلازمة القلب والتمثيل الغذائي وارتفاع ضغط الدم والالتهاب . [/INST] ```json {<answer_start> "answer": "يؤثر العمل بنظام النوبات على الأحداث اليومية والأيضية في الجسم بسبب ارتفاع كتلة الجسم وتغير التعبير الجيني والتمثيل الغذائي، وزيادة مخاطر الأمراض المزمنة مثل اضطرابات القلب وارتفاع ضغط الدم والالتهابات." <answer_end> } ``` </s>

العمل بنظام النوبات أو اضطراب الرحلات الجوية الطويلة المزمن له عواقب وخيمة على الأحداث اليومية والأيضية في الجسم . تظهر الحيوانات التي تجبر على تناول الطعام خلال فترة الراحة زيادة كتلة الجسم وتغير التعبير عن الجينات على مدار الساعة والتمثيل الغذائي . [بحاجة لمصدر] في البشر ، يرتبط العمل بنظام الورديات الذي يفضل أوقات الأكل غير المنتظمة بحساسية الأنسولين المتغيرة وارتفاع كتلة الجسم . يؤدي العمل بنظام الورديات أيضا إلى زيادة مخاطر التمثيل الغذائي لمتلازمة القلب والتمثيل الغذائي وارتفاع ضغط الدم والالتهاب .

كيف يؤثر العمل بنظام النوبات على الأحداث اليومية والأيضية في الجسم؟

<s>[INST] <<SYS>> You are a helpful, respectful and honest assistant. Always answer as helpfully as possible, while being safe. Your answers should not include any harmful, unethical, racist, sexist, toxic, dangerous, or illegal content. Please ensure that your responses are socially unbiased and positive in nature. If a question does not make any sense, or is not factually coherent, explain why instead of answering something not correct. If you don't know the answer to a question, please don't share false information. <</SYS>> Extract from the following context the minimal span word for word that best answers the question. Think step by step and explain your reasoning. Then give the answer in JSON format as follows: ```json { "answer": ... } ``` If the answer is not in the context, the answer should be "?". Question: ما هو قانون فاغنر؟ Context: كان أول ظهور لمصطلح " العمل الإيجابي " في قانون علاقات العمل الوطني ، المعروف باسم قانون فاغنر ، لعام 1935 . : 15 كان قانون فاغنر ، الذي اقترحه ودافع عنه السيناتور الأمريكي روبرت فاغنر من نيويورك ، يتماشى مع هدف الرئيس روزفلت المتمثل في توفير الأمن الاقتصادي للعمال وغيرهم من الفئات ذات الدخل المنخفض . خلال هذه الفترة الزمنية ، لم يكن من غير المألوف أن يقوم أصحاب العمل بإدراج أو فصل الموظفين المرتبطين بالنقابات في القائمة السوداء . سمح قانون فاغنر للعمال بالانضمام إلى النقابات دون خوف من التعرض للتمييز ، ومكن المجلس الوطني لعلاقات العمل من مراجعة الحالات المحتملة للتمييز ضد العمال . وفي حالة التمييز ، يتعين إعادة الموظفين إلى وضع مناسب في الشركة من خلال " العمل الإيجابي " . في حين أن قانون فاغنر يحمي العمال والنقابات ، إلا أنه لم يحمي الأقليات ، التي غالبا ما كانت تمنع من دخول صفوف النقابات في إعفاء مؤتمر المنظمات الصناعية . : 11 وبالتالي فإن هذه الصياغة الأصلية للمصطلح لا علاقة لها بسياسة العمل الإيجابي كما هو الحال اليوم ، ولكنها ساعدت في تمهيد الطريق لجميع السياسات التي تهدف إلى تعويض أو معالجة المعاملة غير العادلة للفرد . [بحاجة لمصدر] [/INST] ```json {<answer_start> "answer": "قانون فاغنر هو قانون صادر في عام 1935 في الولايات المتحدة ويعرف أيضًا بقانون علاقات العمل الوطني. صاحب هذا القانون هو السيناتور الأمريكي روبرت فاغنر من نيويورك. يهدف القانون إلى توفير الأمن الاقتصادي للعمال وغيرهم من الفئات ذات الدخل المنخفض. يحمي قانون فاغنر حق العمال في الانضمام إلى النقابات ويمنع التمييز ضدهم. كما يتيح المجلس الوطني لعلاقات العمل مراجعة حالات التمييز المحتملة وإعادة الموظفين إلى وضعهم السابق في الشركة عن طريق "العمل الإيجابي". ويركز القانون أيضًا على حماية حقوق العمال والنقابات في العمل، ولكنه لم يحمي الأقليات في تلك الفترة الزمنية." <answer_end> } ``` </s>

كان أول ظهور لمصطلح " العمل الإيجابي " في قانون علاقات العمل الوطني ، المعروف باسم قانون فاغنر ، لعام 1935 . : 15 كان قانون فاغنر ، الذي اقترحه ودافع عنه السيناتور الأمريكي روبرت فاغنر من نيويورك ، يتماشى مع هدف الرئيس روزفلت المتمثل في توفير الأمن الاقتصادي للعمال وغيرهم من الفئات ذات الدخل المنخفض . خلال هذه الفترة الزمنية ، لم يكن من غير المألوف أن يقوم أصحاب العمل بإدراج أو فصل الموظفين المرتبطين بالنقابات في القائمة السوداء . سمح قانون فاغنر للعمال بالانضمام إلى النقابات دون خوف من التعرض للتمييز ، ومكن المجلس الوطني لعلاقات العمل من مراجعة الحالات المحتملة للتمييز ضد العمال . وفي حالة التمييز ، يتعين إعادة الموظفين إلى وضع مناسب في الشركة من خلال " العمل الإيجابي " . في حين أن قانون فاغنر يحمي العمال والنقابات ، إلا أنه لم يحمي الأقليات ، التي غالبا ما كانت تمنع من دخول صفوف النقابات في إعفاء مؤتمر المنظمات الصناعية . : 11 وبالتالي فإن هذه الصياغة الأصلية للمصطلح لا علاقة لها بسياسة العمل الإيجابي كما هو الحال اليوم ، ولكنها ساعدت في تمهيد الطريق لجميع السياسات التي تهدف إلى تعويض أو معالجة المعاملة غير العادلة للفرد . [بحاجة لمصدر]

ما هو قانون فاغنر؟

<s>[INST] <<SYS>> You are a helpful, respectful and honest assistant. Always answer as helpfully as possible, while being safe. Your answers should not include any harmful, unethical, racist, sexist, toxic, dangerous, or illegal content. Please ensure that your responses are socially unbiased and positive in nature. If a question does not make any sense, or is not factually coherent, explain why instead of answering something not correct. If you don't know the answer to a question, please don't share false information. <</SYS>> Extract from the following context the minimal span word for word that best answers the question. Think step by step and explain your reasoning. Then give the answer in JSON format as follows: ```json { "answer": ... } ``` If the answer is not in the context, the answer should be "?". Question: كيف تأسس معيار ASCII؟ Context: مع ملء الأحرف الخاصة الأخرى ورموز التحكم ، تم نشر ASCII باسم ASA X3 . 4 - 1963 ، تاركا 28 موضع رمز دون أي معنى معين ، محجوز للتوحيد القياسي المستقبلي ، ورمز تحكم واحد غير معين . : 66 ، 245 كان هناك بعض الجدل في ذلك الوقت حول ما إذا كان ينبغي أن يكون هناك المزيد من أحرف التحكم بدلا من الأبجدية الصغيرة . : 435 لم يستمر التردد طويلا : وخلال أيار - مايو 1963 ، اقترحت فرقة العمل المعنية بأبجدية التلغراف الجديدة التابعة للجنة CCITT تعيين أحرف صغيرة للعمودين 6 و 7 ، وصوتت المنظمة الدولية للتوحيد TC 97 SC 2 خلال شهر تشرين الأول - أكتوبر لإدراج التغيير في مشروع معيارها . صوتت مجموعة العمل X3 . 2 . 4 على موافقتها على التغيير إلى ASCII في اجتماعها في مايو 1963 . تسبب تحديد موقع الأحرف الصغيرة في العمودين 6 و 7 في اختلاف الأحرف في نمط البت عن الأحرف الكبيرة بمقدار بت واحد ، مما أدى إلى تبسيط مطابقة الأحرف غير الحساسة لحالة الأحرف وبناء لوحات المفاتيح والطابعات . [/INST] ```json {<answer_start> "answer": "تم تأسيس معيار ASCII من خلال نشره باسم ASA X3.4-1963. تم حجز 28 موضعًا لرموز التحكم دون أي معنى محدد ، وتم تركها للتوحيد القياسي في المستقبل. في البداية ، كان هناك بعض الجدل حول إضافة مزيد من رموز التحكم بدلاً من الحروف الصغيرة. ولكن بعد ذلك ، في مايو 1963 ، اقترحت فرقة العمل التابعة للجنة CCITT للأبجدية الجديدة تعيين أحرف صغيرة للعمودين 6 و 7 ، وصوتت المنظمة الدولية للتوحيد TC 97 SC 2 لصالح التغيير في شهر أكتوبر. صوتت مجموعة العمل X3.2.4 على موافقتها للتغيير في مايو 1963. هذا التغيير في تحديد موقع الأحرف الصغيرة أدى إلى تبسيط مطابقة الأحرف الغير حساسة لحالة الأحرف وبناء لوحات المفاتيح والطابعات." <answer_end> } ``` </s>

مع ملء الأحرف الخاصة الأخرى ورموز التحكم ، تم نشر ASCII باسم ASA X3 . 4 - 1963 ، تاركا 28 موضع رمز دون أي معنى معين ، محجوز للتوحيد القياسي المستقبلي ، ورمز تحكم واحد غير معين . : 66 ، 245 كان هناك بعض الجدل في ذلك الوقت حول ما إذا كان ينبغي أن يكون هناك المزيد من أحرف التحكم بدلا من الأبجدية الصغيرة . : 435 لم يستمر التردد طويلا : وخلال أيار - مايو 1963 ، اقترحت فرقة العمل المعنية بأبجدية التلغراف الجديدة التابعة للجنة CCITT تعيين أحرف صغيرة للعمودين 6 و 7 ، وصوتت المنظمة الدولية للتوحيد TC 97 SC 2 خلال شهر تشرين الأول - أكتوبر لإدراج التغيير في مشروع معيارها . صوتت مجموعة العمل X3 . 2 . 4 على موافقتها على التغيير إلى ASCII في اجتماعها في مايو 1963 . تسبب تحديد موقع الأحرف الصغيرة في العمودين 6 و 7 في اختلاف الأحرف في نمط البت عن الأحرف الكبيرة بمقدار بت واحد ، مما أدى إلى تبسيط مطابقة الأحرف غير الحساسة لحالة الأحرف وبناء لوحات المفاتيح والطابعات .

كيف تأسس معيار ASCII؟

<s>[INST] <<SYS>> You are a helpful, respectful and honest assistant. Always answer as helpfully as possible, while being safe. Your answers should not include any harmful, unethical, racist, sexist, toxic, dangerous, or illegal content. Please ensure that your responses are socially unbiased and positive in nature. If a question does not make any sense, or is not factually coherent, explain why instead of answering something not correct. If you don't know the answer to a question, please don't share false information. <</SYS>> Extract from the following context the minimal span word for word that best answers the question. Think step by step and explain your reasoning. Then give the answer in JSON format as follows: ```json { "answer": ... } ``` If the answer is not in the context, the answer should be "?". Question: من أين ينحدر أعضاء السيدي؟ Context: السيدي هي مجموعة عرقية تسكن الهند وباكستان ينحدر أعضاؤها من شعوب البانتو من جنوب شرق أفريقيا التي تم جلبها إلى شبه القارة الهندية كعبيد من قبل التجار العرب والبرتغاليين . على الرغم من أنه يعتقد محليا أن " سيدي " مشتق من كلمة تعني " أسود " ، إلا أن المصطلح مشتق في الواقع من " سيد " ، وهو اللقب الذي حمله قباطنة السفن العربية التي جلبت المستوطنين السيديين لأول مرة إلى المنطقة . في قطاع مكران في مقاطعتي السند وبلوشستان في جنوب غرب باكستان ، يعرف أحفاد البانتو هؤلاء باسم مكراني . كانت هناك حركة " القوة السوداء " قصيرة في السند في 1960s والعديد من سيدي فخورون ويحتفلون بأصولهم الأفريقية . [/INST] ```json {<answer_start> "answer": "من جنوب شرق أفريقيا" <answer_end> } ``` </s>

السيدي هي مجموعة عرقية تسكن الهند وباكستان ينحدر أعضاؤها من شعوب البانتو من جنوب شرق أفريقيا التي تم جلبها إلى شبه القارة الهندية كعبيد من قبل التجار العرب والبرتغاليين . على الرغم من أنه يعتقد محليا أن " سيدي " مشتق من كلمة تعني " أسود " ، إلا أن المصطلح مشتق في الواقع من " سيد " ، وهو اللقب الذي حمله قباطنة السفن العربية التي جلبت المستوطنين السيديين لأول مرة إلى المنطقة . في قطاع مكران في مقاطعتي السند وبلوشستان في جنوب غرب باكستان ، يعرف أحفاد البانتو هؤلاء باسم مكراني . كانت هناك حركة " القوة السوداء " قصيرة في السند في 1960s والعديد من سيدي فخورون ويحتفلون بأصولهم الأفريقية .

من أين ينحدر أعضاء السيدي؟

<s>[INST] <<SYS>> You are a helpful, respectful and honest assistant. Always answer as helpfully as possible, while being safe. Your answers should not include any harmful, unethical, racist, sexist, toxic, dangerous, or illegal content. Please ensure that your responses are socially unbiased and positive in nature. If a question does not make any sense, or is not factually coherent, explain why instead of answering something not correct. If you don't know the answer to a question, please don't share false information. <</SYS>> Extract from the following context the minimal span word for word that best answers the question. Think step by step and explain your reasoning. Then give the answer in JSON format as follows: ```json { "answer": ... } ``` If the answer is not in the context, the answer should be "?". Question: ما هي اعتبارات وايتهيد فيما يتعلق بتفسير الواقع؟ Context: بدءا من أواخر 1910s وأوائل 1920s ، حول وايتهيد انتباهه تدريجيا من الرياضيات إلى فلسفة العلوم ، وأخيرا إلى الميتافيزيقيا . طور نظاما ميتافيزيقيا شاملا ابتعد جذريا عن معظم الفلسفة الغربية . جادل وايتهيد بأن الواقع يتكون من عمليات بدلا من الأشياء المادية ، وأن العمليات يتم تعريفها بشكل أفضل من خلال علاقاتها مع العمليات الأخرى ، وبالتالي رفض النظرية القائلة بأن الواقع يتم بناؤه بشكل أساسي بواسطة أجزاء من المادة الموجودة بشكل مستقل عن بعضها البعض . اليوم تعتبر أعمال وايتهيد الفلسفية - وخاصة العملية والواقع - النصوص التأسيسية لفلسفة العملية . [/INST] ```json {<answer_start> "answer": "اعتبر وايتهيد أن الواقع يتكون من عمليات بدلاً من الأشياء المادية، وأن العمليات يتم تعريفها بشكل أفضل من خلال علاقاتها مع العمليات الأخرى. رفض أيضًا النظرية التي تؤكد أن الواقع يتم بناؤه بشكل أساسي من خلال أجزاء مادية مستقلة عن بعضها البعض." <answer_end> } ``` </s>

بدءا من أواخر 1910s وأوائل 1920s ، حول وايتهيد انتباهه تدريجيا من الرياضيات إلى فلسفة العلوم ، وأخيرا إلى الميتافيزيقيا . طور نظاما ميتافيزيقيا شاملا ابتعد جذريا عن معظم الفلسفة الغربية . جادل وايتهيد بأن الواقع يتكون من عمليات بدلا من الأشياء المادية ، وأن العمليات يتم تعريفها بشكل أفضل من خلال علاقاتها مع العمليات الأخرى ، وبالتالي رفض النظرية القائلة بأن الواقع يتم بناؤه بشكل أساسي بواسطة أجزاء من المادة الموجودة بشكل مستقل عن بعضها البعض . اليوم تعتبر أعمال وايتهيد الفلسفية - وخاصة العملية والواقع - النصوص التأسيسية لفلسفة العملية .

ما هي اعتبارات وايتهيد فيما يتعلق بتفسير الواقع؟

<s>[INST] <<SYS>> You are a helpful, respectful and honest assistant. Always answer as helpfully as possible, while being safe. Your answers should not include any harmful, unethical, racist, sexist, toxic, dangerous, or illegal content. Please ensure that your responses are socially unbiased and positive in nature. If a question does not make any sense, or is not factually coherent, explain why instead of answering something not correct. If you don't know the answer to a question, please don't share false information. <</SYS>> Extract from the following context the minimal span word for word that best answers the question. Think step by step and explain your reasoning. Then give the answer in JSON format as follows: ```json { "answer": ... } ``` If the answer is not in the context, the answer should be "?". Question: ما هي الأسماء التي أطلقها كلوديوس بطليموس على بريطانيا وأيرلندا؟ Context: أشار العالم اليوناني المصري كلوديوس بطليموس إلى الجزيرة الأكبر باسم بريطانيا العظمى ( - meg lis Brettanias ) وإلى أيرلندا كبريطانيا الصغيرة ( - mikris Brettanias ) في عمله المجسطي ( 147 - 148 م ) . في عمله اللاحق ، الجغرافيا ( حوالي 150 م ) ، أعطى هذه الجزر أسماء Alwion و Iwernia و Mona ( جزيرة مان ) ، مما يشير إلى أن هذه قد تكون أسماء جزر فردية لم تكن معروفة له في وقت كتابة هذا التقرير . يبدو أن اسم ألبيون قد سقط من الاستخدام في وقت ما بعد الغزو الروماني لبريطانيا العظمى ، وبعد ذلك أصبحت بريطانيا الاسم الأكثر شيوعا للجزيرة المسماة بريطانيا العظمى . [/INST] ```json {<answer_start> "answer": "Alwion، Iwernia، Mona" <answer_end> } ``` </s>

أشار العالم اليوناني المصري كلوديوس بطليموس إلى الجزيرة الأكبر باسم بريطانيا العظمى ( - meg lis Brettanias ) وإلى أيرلندا كبريطانيا الصغيرة ( - mikris Brettanias ) في عمله المجسطي ( 147 - 148 م ) . في عمله اللاحق ، الجغرافيا ( حوالي 150 م ) ، أعطى هذه الجزر أسماء Alwion و Iwernia و Mona ( جزيرة مان ) ، مما يشير إلى أن هذه قد تكون أسماء جزر فردية لم تكن معروفة له في وقت كتابة هذا التقرير . يبدو أن اسم ألبيون قد سقط من الاستخدام في وقت ما بعد الغزو الروماني لبريطانيا العظمى ، وبعد ذلك أصبحت بريطانيا الاسم الأكثر شيوعا للجزيرة المسماة بريطانيا العظمى .

ما هي الأسماء التي أطلقها كلوديوس بطليموس على بريطانيا وأيرلندا؟

<s>[INST] <<SYS>> You are a helpful, respectful and honest assistant. Always answer as helpfully as possible, while being safe. Your answers should not include any harmful, unethical, racist, sexist, toxic, dangerous, or illegal content. Please ensure that your responses are socially unbiased and positive in nature. If a question does not make any sense, or is not factually coherent, explain why instead of answering something not correct. If you don't know the answer to a question, please don't share false information. <</SYS>> Extract from the following context the minimal span word for word that best answers the question. Think step by step and explain your reasoning. Then give the answer in JSON format as follows: ```json { "answer": ... } ``` If the answer is not in the context, the answer should be "?". Question: كيف تم إطلاق أقمار بيدو للنظام التنقل القمري؟ Context: وفي نيسان - أبريل 2007 ، وضع بنجاح أول ساتل من طراز BeiDou - 2 ، وهو Compass - M1 ( للتحقق من صحة ترددات كوكبة BeiDou - 2 ) في مدار عمله . وأطلق الساتل الثاني من كوكبة بيدو - 2 كومباس - جي 2 في 15 نيسان - أبريل 2009 . في 15 يناير 2010 ، تم تشغيل الموقع الرسمي لنظام BeiDou Navigation Satellite System ، وتم نقل القمر الصناعي الثالث للنظام ( Compass - G1 ) إلى مداره بواسطة صاروخ Long March 3C في 17 يناير 2010 . وفي 2 حزيران - يونيه 2010 ، أطلق الساتل الرابع بنجاح إلى المدار . تم إطلاق المركبة المدارية الخامسة إلى الفضاء من مركز شيتشانغ لإطلاق الأقمار الصناعية بواسطة صاروخ حامل LM - 3I في 1 أغسطس 2010 . وبعد ثلاثة أشهر ، في 1 تشرين الثاني - نوفمبر 2010 ، أرسل الساتل السادس إلى المدار بواسطة LM - 3C . تم إطلاق قمر صناعي آخر ، وهو Beidou - 2 - Compass IGSO - 5 ( المدار الجيومتزامن المائل الخامس ) ، من مركز إطلاق الأقمار الصناعية Xichang بواسطة Long March - 3A في 1 ديسمبر 2011 ( UTC ) . [/INST] ```json {<answer_start> "answer": "تم إطلاق أقمار بيدو للنظام التنقل القمري باستخدام صواريخ حاملة من مراكز إطلاق الأقمار الصناعية." <answer_end> } ``` </s>

وفي نيسان - أبريل 2007 ، وضع بنجاح أول ساتل من طراز BeiDou - 2 ، وهو Compass - M1 ( للتحقق من صحة ترددات كوكبة BeiDou - 2 ) في مدار عمله . وأطلق الساتل الثاني من كوكبة بيدو - 2 كومباس - جي 2 في 15 نيسان - أبريل 2009 . في 15 يناير 2010 ، تم تشغيل الموقع الرسمي لنظام BeiDou Navigation Satellite System ، وتم نقل القمر الصناعي الثالث للنظام ( Compass - G1 ) إلى مداره بواسطة صاروخ Long March 3C في 17 يناير 2010 . وفي 2 حزيران - يونيه 2010 ، أطلق الساتل الرابع بنجاح إلى المدار . تم إطلاق المركبة المدارية الخامسة إلى الفضاء من مركز شيتشانغ لإطلاق الأقمار الصناعية بواسطة صاروخ حامل LM - 3I في 1 أغسطس 2010 . وبعد ثلاثة أشهر ، في 1 تشرين الثاني - نوفمبر 2010 ، أرسل الساتل السادس إلى المدار بواسطة LM - 3C . تم إطلاق قمر صناعي آخر ، وهو Beidou - 2 - Compass IGSO - 5 ( المدار الجيومتزامن المائل الخامس ) ، من مركز إطلاق الأقمار الصناعية Xichang بواسطة Long March - 3A في 1 ديسمبر 2011 ( UTC ) .

كيف تم إطلاق أقمار بيدو للنظام التنقل القمري؟

<s>[INST] <<SYS>> You are a helpful, respectful and honest assistant. Always answer as helpfully as possible, while being safe. Your answers should not include any harmful, unethical, racist, sexist, toxic, dangerous, or illegal content. Please ensure that your responses are socially unbiased and positive in nature. If a question does not make any sense, or is not factually coherent, explain why instead of answering something not correct. If you don't know the answer to a question, please don't share false information. <</SYS>> Extract from the following context the minimal span word for word that best answers the question. Think step by step and explain your reasoning. Then give the answer in JSON format as follows: ```json { "answer": ... } ``` If the answer is not in the context, the answer should be "?". Question: ما هو الحرف الصيني الأكثر تعقيدا وعدد سكتات دماغية التي يحتويها؟ Context: هناك أيضا بعض الشخصيات المعقدة للغاية التي أصبحت نادرة إلى حد ما . وفقا ل Jo l Bellassen ( 1989 ) ، فإن الحرف الصيني الأكثر تعقيدا هو - ( U + 2A6A5 ) zh listen ( help · info ) ، بمعنى " مطول " ويحتوي على أربعة وستين سكتة دماغية . سقطت هذه الشخصية من الاستخدام حول القرن 5th . ومع ذلك ، يمكن القول إنه على الرغم من احتوائه على معظم السكتات الدماغية ، إلا أنه ليس بالضرورة الحرف الأكثر تعقيدا ( من حيث الصعوبة ) ، لأنه يتطلب ببساطة كتابة نفس الحرف المكون من ستة عشر شوطا l ng ( مضاءة " التنين " ) أربع مرات في الفضاء لواحد . حرف آخر من 64 سكتة دماغية هو - ( U + 2053B ) zh ng يتكون من x ng - x ng ( مضاءة " تزدهر " ) أربع مرات . [/INST] ```json {<answer_start> "answer": "الحرف الصيني الأكثر تعقيدا هو - (U+2A6A5) ويحتوي على أربعة وستين سكتة دماغية." <answer_end> } ``` </s>

هناك أيضا بعض الشخصيات المعقدة للغاية التي أصبحت نادرة إلى حد ما . وفقا ل Jo l Bellassen ( 1989 ) ، فإن الحرف الصيني الأكثر تعقيدا هو - ( U + 2A6A5 ) zh listen ( help · info ) ، بمعنى " مطول " ويحتوي على أربعة وستين سكتة دماغية . سقطت هذه الشخصية من الاستخدام حول القرن 5th . ومع ذلك ، يمكن القول إنه على الرغم من احتوائه على معظم السكتات الدماغية ، إلا أنه ليس بالضرورة الحرف الأكثر تعقيدا ( من حيث الصعوبة ) ، لأنه يتطلب ببساطة كتابة نفس الحرف المكون من ستة عشر شوطا l ng ( مضاءة " التنين " ) أربع مرات في الفضاء لواحد . حرف آخر من 64 سكتة دماغية هو - ( U + 2053B ) zh ng يتكون من x ng - x ng ( مضاءة " تزدهر " ) أربع مرات .

ما هو الحرف الصيني الأكثر تعقيدا وعدد سكتات دماغية التي يحتويها؟

<s>[INST] <<SYS>> You are a helpful, respectful and honest assistant. Always answer as helpfully as possible, while being safe. Your answers should not include any harmful, unethical, racist, sexist, toxic, dangerous, or illegal content. Please ensure that your responses are socially unbiased and positive in nature. If a question does not make any sense, or is not factually coherent, explain why instead of answering something not correct. If you don't know the answer to a question, please don't share false information. <</SYS>> Extract from the following context the minimal span word for word that best answers the question. Think step by step and explain your reasoning. Then give the answer in JSON format as follows: ```json { "answer": ... } ``` If the answer is not in the context, the answer should be "?". Question: كيف توفر الصخور الموجودة في جبال الأبالاش دليلاً قويًا على تشوهها؟ Context: تكشف نظرة على الصخور المكشوفة في جبال الأبالاش اليوم عن أحزمة ممدودة من الصخور الرسوبية البحرية المطوية والمدفوعة ، والصخور البركانية وشظايا قاع المحيط القديم ، مما يوفر دليلا قويا على أن هذه الصخور قد تشوهت أثناء تصادم الصفيحة . تمثل ولادة سلاسل جبال الأبالاش ، حوالي 480 Ma ، أول تصادم من عدة تصادمات لألواح بناء الجبال بلغت ذروتها في بناء القارة العملاقة Pangaea مع جبال الأبالاش بالقرب من المركز . ولأن أمريكا الشمالية وأفريقيا كانتا متصلتين ، شكل الأبالاش جزءا من نفس السلسلة الجبلية مثل الأطلس الصغير في المغرب . امتدت هذه السلسلة الجبلية ، المعروفة باسم جبال بانجيان الوسطى ، إلى اسكتلندا ، من تصادم أمريكا الشمالية - أوروبا ( انظر أوروجيني كاليدونيا ) . [/INST] ```json {<answer_start> "answer": "توفر الصخور الموجودة في جبال الأبالاش دليلاً قويًا على تشوهها من خلال أحزمة الصخور الرسوبية البحرية المطوية والمدفوعة، والصخور البركانية وشظايا قاع المحيط القديم." <answer_end> } ``` </s>

تكشف نظرة على الصخور المكشوفة في جبال الأبالاش اليوم عن أحزمة ممدودة من الصخور الرسوبية البحرية المطوية والمدفوعة ، والصخور البركانية وشظايا قاع المحيط القديم ، مما يوفر دليلا قويا على أن هذه الصخور قد تشوهت أثناء تصادم الصفيحة . تمثل ولادة سلاسل جبال الأبالاش ، حوالي 480 Ma ، أول تصادم من عدة تصادمات لألواح بناء الجبال بلغت ذروتها في بناء القارة العملاقة Pangaea مع جبال الأبالاش بالقرب من المركز . ولأن أمريكا الشمالية وأفريقيا كانتا متصلتين ، شكل الأبالاش جزءا من نفس السلسلة الجبلية مثل الأطلس الصغير في المغرب . امتدت هذه السلسلة الجبلية ، المعروفة باسم جبال بانجيان الوسطى ، إلى اسكتلندا ، من تصادم أمريكا الشمالية - أوروبا ( انظر أوروجيني كاليدونيا ) .

كيف توفر الصخور الموجودة في جبال الأبالاش دليلاً قويًا على تشوهها؟

<s>[INST] <<SYS>> You are a helpful, respectful and honest assistant. Always answer as helpfully as possible, while being safe. Your answers should not include any harmful, unethical, racist, sexist, toxic, dangerous, or illegal content. Please ensure that your responses are socially unbiased and positive in nature. If a question does not make any sense, or is not factually coherent, explain why instead of answering something not correct. If you don't know the answer to a question, please don't share false information. <</SYS>> Extract from the following context the minimal span word for word that best answers the question. Think step by step and explain your reasoning. Then give the answer in JSON format as follows: ```json { "answer": ... } ``` If the answer is not in the context, the answer should be "?". Question: كم دولة ومنظمة دولية تبرعت بمبلغ مالي وسلع لمساعدة الصين؟ Context: وفي 16 مايو - أيار ، أعلنت الصين أنها تلقت أيضا 457 مليون دولار من الأموال والسلع المتبرع بها لجهود الإنقاذ حتى الآن ، بما في ذلك 83 مليون دولار من 19 دولة وأربع منظمات دولية . كانت المملكة العربية السعودية أكبر مانح للمساعدات للصين ، حيث قدمت ما يقرب من 40 , 000 , 000 يورو من المساعدات المالية ، ومواد إغاثة إضافية بقيمة 8 , 000 , 000 يورو . [/INST] ```json {<answer_start> "answer": "19 دولة و 4 منظمات دولية." <answer_end> } ``` </s>

وفي 16 مايو - أيار ، أعلنت الصين أنها تلقت أيضا 457 مليون دولار من الأموال والسلع المتبرع بها لجهود الإنقاذ حتى الآن ، بما في ذلك 83 مليون دولار من 19 دولة وأربع منظمات دولية . كانت المملكة العربية السعودية أكبر مانح للمساعدات للصين ، حيث قدمت ما يقرب من 40 , 000 , 000 يورو من المساعدات المالية ، ومواد إغاثة إضافية بقيمة 8 , 000 , 000 يورو .

كم دولة ومنظمة دولية تبرعت بمبلغ مالي وسلع لمساعدة الصين؟

<s>[INST] <<SYS>> You are a helpful, respectful and honest assistant. Always answer as helpfully as possible, while being safe. Your answers should not include any harmful, unethical, racist, sexist, toxic, dangerous, or illegal content. Please ensure that your responses are socially unbiased and positive in nature. If a question does not make any sense, or is not factually coherent, explain why instead of answering something not correct. If you don't know the answer to a question, please don't share false information. <</SYS>> Extract from the following context the minimal span word for word that best answers the question. Think step by step and explain your reasoning. Then give the answer in JSON format as follows: ```json { "answer": ... } ``` If the answer is not in the context, the answer should be "?". Question: ما هي بعض الاكتشافات العلمية التي تمت خلال عصر التنوير؟ Context: أصبح العلم يلعب دورا رائدا في خطاب التنوير وفكره . كان للعديد من كتاب ومفكري عصر التنوير خلفيات في العلوم وربطوا التقدم العلمي بالإطاحة بالدين والسلطة التقليدية لصالح تطوير حرية التعبير والفكر . شمل التقدم العلمي خلال عصر التنوير اكتشاف ثاني أكسيد الكربون ( الهواء الثابت ) من قبل الكيميائي جوزيف بلاك ، والحجة للوقت العميق من قبل الجيولوجي جيمس هوتون ، واختراع المحرك البخاري من قبل جيمس وات . استخدمت تجارب لافوازييه لإنشاء أول مصانع كيميائية حديثة في باريس ، ومكنتهم تجارب الأخوين مونتغولفييه من إطلاق أول رحلة مأهولة في منطاد الهواء الساخن في 21 نوفمبر 1783 ، من شاتو دي لا مويت ، بالقرب من بوا دي بولون . [/INST] ```json {<answer_start> "answer": "اكتشاف ثاني أكسيد الكربون (الهواء الثابت) من قبل الكيميائي جوزيف بلاك، والحجة للوقت العميق من قبل الجيولوجي جيمس هوتون، واختراع المحرك البخاري من قبل جيمس وات، واستخدام تجارب لافوازييه لإنشاء أول مصانع كيميائية حديثة في باريس، واستخدام تجارب الأخوين مونتغولفييه من إطلاق أول رحلة مأهولة في منطاد الهواء الساخن." <answer_end> } ``` </s>

أصبح العلم يلعب دورا رائدا في خطاب التنوير وفكره . كان للعديد من كتاب ومفكري عصر التنوير خلفيات في العلوم وربطوا التقدم العلمي بالإطاحة بالدين والسلطة التقليدية لصالح تطوير حرية التعبير والفكر . شمل التقدم العلمي خلال عصر التنوير اكتشاف ثاني أكسيد الكربون ( الهواء الثابت ) من قبل الكيميائي جوزيف بلاك ، والحجة للوقت العميق من قبل الجيولوجي جيمس هوتون ، واختراع المحرك البخاري من قبل جيمس وات . استخدمت تجارب لافوازييه لإنشاء أول مصانع كيميائية حديثة في باريس ، ومكنتهم تجارب الأخوين مونتغولفييه من إطلاق أول رحلة مأهولة في منطاد الهواء الساخن في 21 نوفمبر 1783 ، من شاتو دي لا مويت ، بالقرب من بوا دي بولون .

ما هي بعض الاكتشافات العلمية التي تمت خلال عصر التنوير؟

<s>[INST] <<SYS>> You are a helpful, respectful and honest assistant. Always answer as helpfully as possible, while being safe. Your answers should not include any harmful, unethical, racist, sexist, toxic, dangerous, or illegal content. Please ensure that your responses are socially unbiased and positive in nature. If a question does not make any sense, or is not factually coherent, explain why instead of answering something not correct. If you don't know the answer to a question, please don't share false information. <</SYS>> Extract from the following context the minimal span word for word that best answers the question. Think step by step and explain your reasoning. Then give the answer in JSON format as follows: ```json { "answer": ... } ``` If the answer is not in the context, the answer should be "?". Question: كيف نمت مدينة آن أربور؟ Context: منذ إنشاء الجامعة في المدينة في عام 1837 ، ارتبط تاريخ جامعة ميشيغان وآن أربور ارتباطا وثيقا . أصبحت المدينة مركزا إقليميا للنقل في عام 1839 مع وصول سكة حديد ميشيغان المركزية ، وتم إنشاء خط سكة حديد من الشمال إلى الجنوب يربط آن أربور بتوليدو وأسواق أخرى إلى الجنوب في عام 1878 . طوال 1840s و 1850s استمر المستوطنون في القدوم إلى آن أربور . في حين أن المستوطنين الأوائل كانوا في المقام الأول من أصل بريطاني ، فإن المستوطنين الجدد كانوا يتألفون أيضا من الألمان والأيرلنديين والأمريكيين من أصل أفريقي . في عام 1851 ، تم استئجار آن أربور كمدينة ، على الرغم من أن المدينة أظهرت انخفاضا في عدد السكان خلال فترة الكساد في عام 1873 . لم يكن حتى أوائل 1880s أن آن أربور شهدت مرة أخرى نموا قويا ، مع المهاجرين الجدد القادمين من اليونان وإيطاليا وروسيا وبولندا . شهدت آن أربور نموا متزايدا في التصنيع ، وخاصة في الطحن . كما نما المجتمع اليهودي في آن أربور بعد مطلع القرن 20th ، وتم تأسيس أول وأقدم كنيس يهودي ، جماعة بيت إسرائيل ، في عام 1916 . [/INST] ```json {<answer_start> "answer": "مدينة آن أربور نمت من خلال وصول سكة حديد وتأسيس خطوط سكك حديدية في عام 1839 وتواصل المستوطنون القدوم إليها بين 1840s و 1850s. أيضًا، شهدت زيادة في عدد السكان في أوائل 1880s بسبب وافد المهاجرين من دول مختلفة مثل اليونان وإيطاليا وروسيا وبولندا. كما ازدهرت في قطاع التصنيع وخصوصًا في مجال الطحن." <answer_end> } ``` </s>

منذ إنشاء الجامعة في المدينة في عام 1837 ، ارتبط تاريخ جامعة ميشيغان وآن أربور ارتباطا وثيقا . أصبحت المدينة مركزا إقليميا للنقل في عام 1839 مع وصول سكة حديد ميشيغان المركزية ، وتم إنشاء خط سكة حديد من الشمال إلى الجنوب يربط آن أربور بتوليدو وأسواق أخرى إلى الجنوب في عام 1878 . طوال 1840s و 1850s استمر المستوطنون في القدوم إلى آن أربور . في حين أن المستوطنين الأوائل كانوا في المقام الأول من أصل بريطاني ، فإن المستوطنين الجدد كانوا يتألفون أيضا من الألمان والأيرلنديين والأمريكيين من أصل أفريقي . في عام 1851 ، تم استئجار آن أربور كمدينة ، على الرغم من أن المدينة أظهرت انخفاضا في عدد السكان خلال فترة الكساد في عام 1873 . لم يكن حتى أوائل 1880s أن آن أربور شهدت مرة أخرى نموا قويا ، مع المهاجرين الجدد القادمين من اليونان وإيطاليا وروسيا وبولندا . شهدت آن أربور نموا متزايدا في التصنيع ، وخاصة في الطحن . كما نما المجتمع اليهودي في آن أربور بعد مطلع القرن 20th ، وتم تأسيس أول وأقدم كنيس يهودي ، جماعة بيت إسرائيل ، في عام 1916 .

كيف نمت مدينة آن أربور؟

<s>[INST] <<SYS>> You are a helpful, respectful and honest assistant. Always answer as helpfully as possible, while being safe. Your answers should not include any harmful, unethical, racist, sexist, toxic, dangerous, or illegal content. Please ensure that your responses are socially unbiased and positive in nature. If a question does not make any sense, or is not factually coherent, explain why instead of answering something not correct. If you don't know the answer to a question, please don't share false information. <</SYS>> Extract from the following context the minimal span word for word that best answers the question. Think step by step and explain your reasoning. Then give the answer in JSON format as follows: ```json { "answer": ... } ``` If the answer is not in the context, the answer should be "?". Question: كيف كان يتم اختيار البابا في العصور المبكرة؟ Context: في العصور المبكرة ، لم يكن امتياز الانتخاب البابوي محجوزا للكرادلة ، ولعدة قرون كان الشخص المنتخب عادة كاهنا رومانيا ولم يكن أبدا أسقفا من أي مكان آخر . للحفاظ على الخلافة الرسولية ، كان يجب أن يؤدي طقس تكريسه أسقفا من قبل شخص كان أسقفا بالفعل . تبقى القاعدة أنه إذا لم يكن الشخص المنتخب البابا أسقفا بعد ، تكريسه من قبل عميد كلية الكرادلة ، أسقف الكاردينال أوستيا . [/INST] ```json {<answer_start> "answer": "باختيار شخص كاهن روماني وتكريسه أسقفًا من قبل عميد الكرادلة." <answer_end> } ``` </s>

في العصور المبكرة ، لم يكن امتياز الانتخاب البابوي محجوزا للكرادلة ، ولعدة قرون كان الشخص المنتخب عادة كاهنا رومانيا ولم يكن أبدا أسقفا من أي مكان آخر . للحفاظ على الخلافة الرسولية ، كان يجب أن يؤدي طقس تكريسه أسقفا من قبل شخص كان أسقفا بالفعل . تبقى القاعدة أنه إذا لم يكن الشخص المنتخب البابا أسقفا بعد ، تكريسه من قبل عميد كلية الكرادلة ، أسقف الكاردينال أوستيا .

كيف كان يتم اختيار البابا في العصور المبكرة؟

<s>[INST] <<SYS>> You are a helpful, respectful and honest assistant. Always answer as helpfully as possible, while being safe. Your answers should not include any harmful, unethical, racist, sexist, toxic, dangerous, or illegal content. Please ensure that your responses are socially unbiased and positive in nature. If a question does not make any sense, or is not factually coherent, explain why instead of answering something not correct. If you don't know the answer to a question, please don't share false information. <</SYS>> Extract from the following context the minimal span word for word that best answers the question. Think step by step and explain your reasoning. Then give the answer in JSON format as follows: ```json { "answer": ... } ``` If the answer is not in the context, the answer should be "?". Question: كيف ساعدت التجارة غير القانونية بين الهند والصين في عكس الاختلالات التجارية بينهما؟ Context: من قاعدتها في الهند ، كانت الشركة تعمل أيضا في تجارة تصدير الأفيون المربحة بشكل متزايد إلى الصين منذ 1730s . ساعدت هذه التجارة ، غير القانونية منذ حظرها من قبل أسرة تشينغ في عام 1729 ، على عكس الاختلالات التجارية الناتجة عن الواردات البريطانية من الشاي ، والتي شهدت تدفقات كبيرة من الفضة من بريطانيا إلى الصين . في عام 1839 ، أدت مصادرة السلطات الصينية في كانتون ل 20000 صندوق من الأفيون إلى مهاجمة بريطانيا للصين في حرب الأفيون الأولى ، وأسفرت عن استيلاء بريطانيا على جزيرة هونغ كونغ ، في ذلك الوقت تسوية صغيرة . [/INST] ```json {<answer_start> "answer": "ساعدت التجارة غير القانونية بين الهند والصين في عكس الاختلالات التجارية بينهما." <answer_end> } ``` </s>

من قاعدتها في الهند ، كانت الشركة تعمل أيضا في تجارة تصدير الأفيون المربحة بشكل متزايد إلى الصين منذ 1730s . ساعدت هذه التجارة ، غير القانونية منذ حظرها من قبل أسرة تشينغ في عام 1729 ، على عكس الاختلالات التجارية الناتجة عن الواردات البريطانية من الشاي ، والتي شهدت تدفقات كبيرة من الفضة من بريطانيا إلى الصين . في عام 1839 ، أدت مصادرة السلطات الصينية في كانتون ل 20000 صندوق من الأفيون إلى مهاجمة بريطانيا للصين في حرب الأفيون الأولى ، وأسفرت عن استيلاء بريطانيا على جزيرة هونغ كونغ ، في ذلك الوقت تسوية صغيرة .

كيف ساعدت التجارة غير القانونية بين الهند والصين في عكس الاختلالات التجارية بينهما؟

<s>[INST] <<SYS>> You are a helpful, respectful and honest assistant. Always answer as helpfully as possible, while being safe. Your answers should not include any harmful, unethical, racist, sexist, toxic, dangerous, or illegal content. Please ensure that your responses are socially unbiased and positive in nature. If a question does not make any sense, or is not factually coherent, explain why instead of answering something not correct. If you don't know the answer to a question, please don't share false information. <</SYS>> Extract from the following context the minimal span word for word that best answers the question. Think step by step and explain your reasoning. Then give the answer in JSON format as follows: ```json { "answer": ... } ``` If the answer is not in the context, the answer should be "?". Question: ما هي اللغات التي تأثرت بالتوقفات الشفطية في ثلاثة أماكن للتعبير؟ Context: كانت هناك توقفات شفطية في ثلاثة أماكن للتعبير : الشفرين ، الإكليل ، و velar - ph th kh - . في وقت سابق اليونانية ، ممثلة باليونانية الميسينية ، من المحتمل أن يكون لديها توقف شفهي فيلار شفهي - kwh - ، والذي أصبح فيما بعد شفهيا أو إكليليا أو فيلار اعتمادا على اللهجة والبيئة الصوتية . [/INST] ```json {<answer_start> "answer": "اللغات التي تأثرت بهذه التوقفات الشفطية هي اليونانية الميسينية والعبرية" <answer_end> } ``` </s>

كانت هناك توقفات شفطية في ثلاثة أماكن للتعبير : الشفرين ، الإكليل ، و velar - ph th kh - . في وقت سابق اليونانية ، ممثلة باليونانية الميسينية ، من المحتمل أن يكون لديها توقف شفهي فيلار شفهي - kwh - ، والذي أصبح فيما بعد شفهيا أو إكليليا أو فيلار اعتمادا على اللهجة والبيئة الصوتية .

ما هي اللغات التي تأثرت بالتوقفات الشفطية في ثلاثة أماكن للتعبير؟

<s>[INST] <<SYS>> You are a helpful, respectful and honest assistant. Always answer as helpfully as possible, while being safe. Your answers should not include any harmful, unethical, racist, sexist, toxic, dangerous, or illegal content. Please ensure that your responses are socially unbiased and positive in nature. If a question does not make any sense, or is not factually coherent, explain why instead of answering something not correct. If you don't know the answer to a question, please don't share false information. <</SYS>> Extract from the following context the minimal span word for word that best answers the question. Think step by step and explain your reasoning. Then give the answer in JSON format as follows: ```json { "answer": ... } ``` If the answer is not in the context, the answer should be "?". Question: كيف يحدد ASCII المراسلات بين أنماط البت الرقمية ورموز الأحرف؟ Context: صممت اللجنة الفرعية X3 . 2 ASCII استنادا إلى أنظمة ترميز الطابعة عن بعد السابقة . مثل ترميزات الأحرف الأخرى ، يحدد ASCII المراسلات بين أنماط البت الرقمية ورموز الأحرف ( أي الجرافيم وأحرف التحكم ) . وهذا يسمح للأجهزة الرقمية بالتواصل مع بعضها البعض ومعالجة وتخزين وتوصيل المعلومات الموجهة نحو الشخصيات مثل اللغة المكتوبة . قبل تطوير ASCII ، تضمنت الترميزات المستخدمة 26 حرفا أبجديا و 10 أرقام رقمية ومن 11 إلى 25 رمزا رسوميا خاصا . ولإدراج كل هذه الأحرف والتحكم المتوافقة مع معيار اللجنة الاستشارية الدولية للتلفزيون والتلفزيون ( CCITT ) والأبجدية الدولية للتلغراف رقم 2 ( ITA2 ) ، وفيلداتا ، وأوائل EBCDIC ، كانت هناك حاجة إلى أكثر من 64 رمزا ل ASCII . [/INST] ```json {<answer_start> "answer": "يحدد ASCII المراسلات بين أنماط البت الرقمية ورموز الأحرف من خلال تعيين القيم العددية لكل حرف أو رمز." <answer_end> } ``` </s>

صممت اللجنة الفرعية X3 . 2 ASCII استنادا إلى أنظمة ترميز الطابعة عن بعد السابقة . مثل ترميزات الأحرف الأخرى ، يحدد ASCII المراسلات بين أنماط البت الرقمية ورموز الأحرف ( أي الجرافيم وأحرف التحكم ) . وهذا يسمح للأجهزة الرقمية بالتواصل مع بعضها البعض ومعالجة وتخزين وتوصيل المعلومات الموجهة نحو الشخصيات مثل اللغة المكتوبة . قبل تطوير ASCII ، تضمنت الترميزات المستخدمة 26 حرفا أبجديا و 10 أرقام رقمية ومن 11 إلى 25 رمزا رسوميا خاصا . ولإدراج كل هذه الأحرف والتحكم المتوافقة مع معيار اللجنة الاستشارية الدولية للتلفزيون والتلفزيون ( CCITT ) والأبجدية الدولية للتلغراف رقم 2 ( ITA2 ) ، وفيلداتا ، وأوائل EBCDIC ، كانت هناك حاجة إلى أكثر من 64 رمزا ل ASCII .

كيف يحدد ASCII المراسلات بين أنماط البت الرقمية ورموز الأحرف؟

<s>[INST] <<SYS>> You are a helpful, respectful and honest assistant. Always answer as helpfully as possible, while being safe. Your answers should not include any harmful, unethical, racist, sexist, toxic, dangerous, or illegal content. Please ensure that your responses are socially unbiased and positive in nature. If a question does not make any sense, or is not factually coherent, explain why instead of answering something not correct. If you don't know the answer to a question, please don't share false information. <</SYS>> Extract from the following context the minimal span word for word that best answers the question. Think step by step and explain your reasoning. Then give the answer in JSON format as follows: ```json { "answer": ... } ``` If the answer is not in the context, the answer should be "?". Question: كيف تم تعريف اقتصاد الدولة في تشيهواهوا؟ Context: امتلكت حفنة من العائلات عقارات كبيرة ( تعرف باسم haciendas ) وسيطرت على الجزء الأكبر من الأرض في جميع أنحاء الولاية بينما كانت الغالبية العظمى من سكان تشيهواهوا بلا أرض . تم تعريف اقتصاد الدولة إلى حد كبير من خلال تربية الماشية والتعدين . على حساب الطبقة العاملة ، عززت إدارة دياز النمو الاقتصادي من خلال تشجيع الاستثمار من الشركات الأجنبية من المملكة المتحدة وفرنسا وألمانيا الإمبراطورية والولايات المتحدة . وكثيرا ما استغلت البروليتاريا ، ولم تجد أي حماية قانونية أو سبيل سياسي لجبر المظالم . [/INST] ```json {<answer_start> "answer": "تم تعريف اقتصاد الدولة في تشيهواهوا بشكل كبير عن طريق تربية الماشية والتعدين." <answer_end> } ``` </s>

امتلكت حفنة من العائلات عقارات كبيرة ( تعرف باسم haciendas ) وسيطرت على الجزء الأكبر من الأرض في جميع أنحاء الولاية بينما كانت الغالبية العظمى من سكان تشيهواهوا بلا أرض . تم تعريف اقتصاد الدولة إلى حد كبير من خلال تربية الماشية والتعدين . على حساب الطبقة العاملة ، عززت إدارة دياز النمو الاقتصادي من خلال تشجيع الاستثمار من الشركات الأجنبية من المملكة المتحدة وفرنسا وألمانيا الإمبراطورية والولايات المتحدة . وكثيرا ما استغلت البروليتاريا ، ولم تجد أي حماية قانونية أو سبيل سياسي لجبر المظالم .

كيف تم تعريف اقتصاد الدولة في تشيهواهوا؟

<s>[INST] <<SYS>> You are a helpful, respectful and honest assistant. Always answer as helpfully as possible, while being safe. Your answers should not include any harmful, unethical, racist, sexist, toxic, dangerous, or illegal content. Please ensure that your responses are socially unbiased and positive in nature. If a question does not make any sense, or is not factually coherent, explain why instead of answering something not correct. If you don't know the answer to a question, please don't share false information. <</SYS>> Extract from the following context the minimal span word for word that best answers the question. Think step by step and explain your reasoning. Then give the answer in JSON format as follows: ```json { "answer": ... } ``` If the answer is not in the context, the answer should be "?". Question: ما العوامل التي تؤثر في التيارات في عناصر الهوائي المجاورة؟ Context: يؤدي التيار المتداول في هوائي واحد بشكل عام إلى حدوث جهد عبر نقطة تغذية الهوائيات أو عناصر الهوائي القريبة . الرياضيات المعروضة أدناه مفيدة في تحليل السلوك الكهربائي لمصفوفات الهوائيات ، حيث خصائص عناصر الصفيف الفردية ( مثل ثنائيات الأقطاب نصف الموجة ) معروفة بالفعل . وإذا كانت هذه العناصر منفصلة على نطاق واسع ومدفوعة بسعة ومرحلة معينتين ، فإن كل منها سيعمل بشكل مستقل كما هو معروف عن هذا العنصر . ومع ذلك ، بسبب التفاعل المتبادل بين مجالاتها الكهربائية والمغناطيسية بسبب القرب ، فإن التيارات في كل عنصر ليست مجرد وظيفة للجهد المطبق ( وفقا لمقاومة نقطة القيادة ) ، ولكنها تعتمد على التيارات في العناصر المجاورة الأخرى . لاحظ أن هذه الآن ظاهرة قريبة من المجال لا يمكن حسابها بشكل صحيح باستخدام معادلة إرسال فريس على سبيل المثال . [/INST] ```json {<answer_start> "answer": "التيارات في العناصر المجاورة الأخرى." <answer_end> } ``` </s>

يؤدي التيار المتداول في هوائي واحد بشكل عام إلى حدوث جهد عبر نقطة تغذية الهوائيات أو عناصر الهوائي القريبة . الرياضيات المعروضة أدناه مفيدة في تحليل السلوك الكهربائي لمصفوفات الهوائيات ، حيث خصائص عناصر الصفيف الفردية ( مثل ثنائيات الأقطاب نصف الموجة ) معروفة بالفعل . وإذا كانت هذه العناصر منفصلة على نطاق واسع ومدفوعة بسعة ومرحلة معينتين ، فإن كل منها سيعمل بشكل مستقل كما هو معروف عن هذا العنصر . ومع ذلك ، بسبب التفاعل المتبادل بين مجالاتها الكهربائية والمغناطيسية بسبب القرب ، فإن التيارات في كل عنصر ليست مجرد وظيفة للجهد المطبق ( وفقا لمقاومة نقطة القيادة ) ، ولكنها تعتمد على التيارات في العناصر المجاورة الأخرى . لاحظ أن هذه الآن ظاهرة قريبة من المجال لا يمكن حسابها بشكل صحيح باستخدام معادلة إرسال فريس على سبيل المثال .

ما العوامل التي تؤثر في التيارات في عناصر الهوائي المجاورة؟

<s>[INST] <<SYS>> You are a helpful, respectful and honest assistant. Always answer as helpfully as possible, while being safe. Your answers should not include any harmful, unethical, racist, sexist, toxic, dangerous, or illegal content. Please ensure that your responses are socially unbiased and positive in nature. If a question does not make any sense, or is not factually coherent, explain why instead of answering something not correct. If you don't know the answer to a question, please don't share false information. <</SYS>> Extract from the following context the minimal span word for word that best answers the question. Think step by step and explain your reasoning. Then give the answer in JSON format as follows: ```json { "answer": ... } ``` If the answer is not in the context, the answer should be "?". Question: كم يبلغ إجمالي الأضرار الناجمة عن الزلزال؟ Context: وترك الزلزال ما لا يقل عن 5 ملايين شخص بدون سكن ، على الرغم من أن العدد قد يصل إلى 11 مليونا . كما تم تدمير الملايين من الماشية وكمية كبيرة من الزراعة ، بما في ذلك 12 . 5 مليون حيوان ، معظمها من الطيور . في مقاطعة سيتشوان ، نفق مليون خنزير من إجمالي 60 مليونا . أعلنت شركة نمذجة الكوارث AIR Worldwide عن تقديرات رسمية لخسائر شركات التأمين بقيمة 1 مليار دولار أمريكي من الزلزال . ويقدر إجمالي الأضرار بأكثر من 20 مليار دولار أمريكي . وهي تقدر قيمة تشنغدو ، التي كان يبلغ عدد سكانها في ذلك الوقت 4 . 5 مليون نسمة ، بحوالي 115 مليار دولار أمريكي ، مع تغطية جزء صغير فقط من التأمين . [/INST] ```json {<answer_start> "answer": "يبلغ إجمالي الأضرار الناجمة عن الزلزال أكثر من 20 مليار دولار أمريكي." <answer_end> } ``` </s>

وترك الزلزال ما لا يقل عن 5 ملايين شخص بدون سكن ، على الرغم من أن العدد قد يصل إلى 11 مليونا . كما تم تدمير الملايين من الماشية وكمية كبيرة من الزراعة ، بما في ذلك 12 . 5 مليون حيوان ، معظمها من الطيور . في مقاطعة سيتشوان ، نفق مليون خنزير من إجمالي 60 مليونا . أعلنت شركة نمذجة الكوارث AIR Worldwide عن تقديرات رسمية لخسائر شركات التأمين بقيمة 1 مليار دولار أمريكي من الزلزال . ويقدر إجمالي الأضرار بأكثر من 20 مليار دولار أمريكي . وهي تقدر قيمة تشنغدو ، التي كان يبلغ عدد سكانها في ذلك الوقت 4 . 5 مليون نسمة ، بحوالي 115 مليار دولار أمريكي ، مع تغطية جزء صغير فقط من التأمين .

كم يبلغ إجمالي الأضرار الناجمة عن الزلزال؟

<s>[INST] <<SYS>> You are a helpful, respectful and honest assistant. Always answer as helpfully as possible, while being safe. Your answers should not include any harmful, unethical, racist, sexist, toxic, dangerous, or illegal content. Please ensure that your responses are socially unbiased and positive in nature. If a question does not make any sense, or is not factually coherent, explain why instead of answering something not correct. If you don't know the answer to a question, please don't share false information. <</SYS>> Extract from the following context the minimal span word for word that best answers the question. Think step by step and explain your reasoning. Then give the answer in JSON format as follows: ```json { "answer": ... } ``` If the answer is not in the context, the answer should be "?". Question: ما الذي تضمنه بيان CBC؟ Context: في 6 أغسطس 2010 ، أصدرت CBC بيانا صحفيا يفيد بأنه لأسباب مالية ، ستقوم CBC و Radio - Canada بنقل 27 جهاز إرسال فقط ، واحد في كل سوق حيث توجد محطة منشأ ( أي محطة تلفزيونية CBC أو Radio - Canada موجودة في ذلك السوق ) . علاوة على ذلك ، ذكرت CBC في البيان ، أن 15 فقط من أجهزة الإرسال ستكون في مكانها بحلول 31 أغسطس 2011 بسبب نقص الأموال المتاحة ، وأن الباقي لن يكون على الهواء حتى وقت متأخر من 31 أغسطس 2012 . بالإضافة إلى ذلك ، ذكرت CBC في البيان أنها تطلب من CRTC الحصول على إذن لمواصلة البث في التماثل حتى يتم تشغيل أجهزة الإرسال المحددة للانتقال . في وقت صدور البيان الصحفي ، كانت ثمانية فقط من أجهزة الإرسال التابعة للشركة ( أربعة CBC وأربعة راديو كندا ) تبث رقميا . [/INST] ```json {<answer_start> "answer": "يضمن البيان أنه لأسباب مالية، ستقوم CBC وRadio - Canada بنقل 27 جهاز إرسال فقط، وأن 15 فقط من أجهزة الإرسال ستكون في مكانها بحلول 31 أغسطس 2011، وأن الباقي لن يكون على الهواء حتى وقت متأخر من 31 أغسطس 2012، وأنها تطلب من CRTC الحصول على إذن لمواصلة البث في التماثل حتى يتم تشغيل أجهزة الإرسال المحددة للانتقال." <answer_end> } ``` </s>

في 6 أغسطس 2010 ، أصدرت CBC بيانا صحفيا يفيد بأنه لأسباب مالية ، ستقوم CBC و Radio - Canada بنقل 27 جهاز إرسال فقط ، واحد في كل سوق حيث توجد محطة منشأ ( أي محطة تلفزيونية CBC أو Radio - Canada موجودة في ذلك السوق ) . علاوة على ذلك ، ذكرت CBC في البيان ، أن 15 فقط من أجهزة الإرسال ستكون في مكانها بحلول 31 أغسطس 2011 بسبب نقص الأموال المتاحة ، وأن الباقي لن يكون على الهواء حتى وقت متأخر من 31 أغسطس 2012 . بالإضافة إلى ذلك ، ذكرت CBC في البيان أنها تطلب من CRTC الحصول على إذن لمواصلة البث في التماثل حتى يتم تشغيل أجهزة الإرسال المحددة للانتقال . في وقت صدور البيان الصحفي ، كانت ثمانية فقط من أجهزة الإرسال التابعة للشركة ( أربعة CBC وأربعة راديو كندا ) تبث رقميا .

ما الذي تضمنه بيان CBC؟

<s>[INST] <<SYS>> You are a helpful, respectful and honest assistant. Always answer as helpfully as possible, while being safe. Your answers should not include any harmful, unethical, racist, sexist, toxic, dangerous, or illegal content. Please ensure that your responses are socially unbiased and positive in nature. If a question does not make any sense, or is not factually coherent, explain why instead of answering something not correct. If you don't know the answer to a question, please don't share false information. <</SYS>> Extract from the following context the minimal span word for word that best answers the question. Think step by step and explain your reasoning. Then give the answer in JSON format as follows: ```json { "answer": ... } ``` If the answer is not in the context, the answer should be "?". Question: ماذا ذكرت رويترز في يونيو حول التحقيقات في المدارس التالفة جراء الزلزال؟ Context: لكن رويترز ذكرت في يونيو حزيران أن المدعين الصينيين انضموا حتى الآن إلى تحقيق رسمي في عشر مدارس منهارة خلال الزلزال المدمر الذي وقع في مايو أيار للحصول على مواد مباشرة من جودة البناء في المدارس المنهارة وإطلاق تحقيقات أولية والاستعداد لتحقيقات محتملة في جرائم مهنية . وأفيد أيضا أنه سيتم إجراء فحوصات السلامة في المدارس في جميع أنحاء الصين بعد زلزال الشهر الماضي . [/INST] ```json {<answer_start> "answer": "ذكرت رويترز في يونيو حزيران أن المدعين الصينيين انضموا إلى تحقيق رسمي في مدارس متضررة من الزلزال، وذلك للحصول على مواد مباشرة من جودة البناء في تلك المدارس المنهارة، وأيضًا لإجراء تحقيقات أولية والاستعداد لتحقيقات محتملة في جرائم مهنية. كما أفيد أنه سيتم إجراء فحوصات السلامة في المدارس في جميع أنحاء الصين بعد الزلزال الذي وقع الشهر الماضي." <answer_end> } ``` </s>

لكن رويترز ذكرت في يونيو حزيران أن المدعين الصينيين انضموا حتى الآن إلى تحقيق رسمي في عشر مدارس منهارة خلال الزلزال المدمر الذي وقع في مايو أيار للحصول على مواد مباشرة من جودة البناء في المدارس المنهارة وإطلاق تحقيقات أولية والاستعداد لتحقيقات محتملة في جرائم مهنية . وأفيد أيضا أنه سيتم إجراء فحوصات السلامة في المدارس في جميع أنحاء الصين بعد زلزال الشهر الماضي .

ماذا ذكرت رويترز في يونيو حول التحقيقات في المدارس التالفة جراء الزلزال؟

<s>[INST] <<SYS>> You are a helpful, respectful and honest assistant. Always answer as helpfully as possible, while being safe. Your answers should not include any harmful, unethical, racist, sexist, toxic, dangerous, or illegal content. Please ensure that your responses are socially unbiased and positive in nature. If a question does not make any sense, or is not factually coherent, explain why instead of answering something not correct. If you don't know the answer to a question, please don't share false information. <</SYS>> Extract from the following context the minimal span word for word that best answers the question. Think step by step and explain your reasoning. Then give the answer in JSON format as follows: ```json { "answer": ... } ``` If the answer is not in the context, the answer should be "?". Question: كم تبلغ عدد الأضربات في الحرف الأكثر تعقيدا في القواميس الصينية الحديثة؟ Context: واحدة من أكثر الأحرف تعقيدا الموجودة في القواميس الصينية الحديثة[g] هي ( U + 9F49 ) ( n ng ، listen ( help · info ) ، في الصورة أدناه ، الصورة الوسطى ) ، وهذا يعني " السعوط " ( أي النطق الذي يشوبه الأنف المسدود ) ، مع ستة وثلاثين ضربة " فقط " . ومع ذلك ، هذا ليس في الاستخدام الشائع . الحرف الأكثر تعقيدا الذي يمكن إدخاله باستخدام Microsoft New Phonetic IME 2002a للصينية التقليدية هو ( d ، " ظهور التنين يطير " ) . وهي تتألف من التنين الراديكالي الممثل ثلاث مرات ، ليصبح المجموع 16 3 = 48 السكتات الدماغية . من بين الأحرف الأكثر تعقيدا في القواميس الحديثة وأيضا في الاستخدام الحديث المتكرر هي ( y ، " للتوسل " ) ، مع 32 سكتة دماغية . ( y , " فاخر , خصب ; قاتمة " ) ، مع 29 سكتة دماغية ، كما هو الحال في ( y uy ، " مكتئب " ) ؛ ( y n ، " ملونة " ) ، مع 28 ضربة ؛ و ( x n ، " الشجار " ) ، مع 25 ضربة ، كما هو الحال في ( ti ox n ، " لاختيار قتال " ) . أيضا في الاستخدام الحديث العرضي هو ( xi n " الطازجة " ؛ البديل من xi n ) مع 33 السكتات الدماغية . [/INST] ```json {<answer_start> "answer": "عدد الأضربات في الحرف الأكثر تعقيدا في القواميس الصينية الحديثة هو 48." <answer_end> } ``` </s>

واحدة من أكثر الأحرف تعقيدا الموجودة في القواميس الصينية الحديثة[g] هي ( U + 9F49 ) ( n ng ، listen ( help · info ) ، في الصورة أدناه ، الصورة الوسطى ) ، وهذا يعني " السعوط " ( أي النطق الذي يشوبه الأنف المسدود ) ، مع ستة وثلاثين ضربة " فقط " . ومع ذلك ، هذا ليس في الاستخدام الشائع . الحرف الأكثر تعقيدا الذي يمكن إدخاله باستخدام Microsoft New Phonetic IME 2002a للصينية التقليدية هو ( d ، " ظهور التنين يطير " ) . وهي تتألف من التنين الراديكالي الممثل ثلاث مرات ، ليصبح المجموع 16 3 = 48 السكتات الدماغية . من بين الأحرف الأكثر تعقيدا في القواميس الحديثة وأيضا في الاستخدام الحديث المتكرر هي ( y ، " للتوسل " ) ، مع 32 سكتة دماغية . ( y , " فاخر , خصب ; قاتمة " ) ، مع 29 سكتة دماغية ، كما هو الحال في ( y uy ، " مكتئب " ) ؛ ( y n ، " ملونة " ) ، مع 28 ضربة ؛ و ( x n ، " الشجار " ) ، مع 25 ضربة ، كما هو الحال في ( ti ox n ، " لاختيار قتال " ) . أيضا في الاستخدام الحديث العرضي هو ( xi n " الطازجة " ؛ البديل من xi n ) مع 33 السكتات الدماغية .

كم تبلغ عدد الأضربات في الحرف الأكثر تعقيدا في القواميس الصينية الحديثة؟

<s>[INST] <<SYS>> You are a helpful, respectful and honest assistant. Always answer as helpfully as possible, while being safe. Your answers should not include any harmful, unethical, racist, sexist, toxic, dangerous, or illegal content. Please ensure that your responses are socially unbiased and positive in nature. If a question does not make any sense, or is not factually coherent, explain why instead of answering something not correct. If you don't know the answer to a question, please don't share false information. <</SYS>> Extract from the following context the minimal span word for word that best answers the question. Think step by step and explain your reasoning. Then give the answer in JSON format as follows: ```json { "answer": ... } ``` If the answer is not in the context, the answer should be "?". Question: من خلف خطط إضافة كلية جديدة للإدارة خلال إدارة دالين أوكس ؟ Context: حل دالين أوكس محل ويلكنسون كرئيس في عام 1971 . واصل أوكس توسيع سلفه ، مضيفا كلية الحقوق واقترح خططا لكلية جديدة للإدارة . خلال إدارته ، تمت إضافة مكتبة جديدة أيضا ، مما ضاعف مساحة المكتبة في الحرم الجامعي . تبعه جيفري ر . هولاند كرئيس في عام 1980 ، مشجعا مزيجا من التميز التعليمي والإيمان الديني في الجامعة . وأعرب عن اعتقاده بأن واحدة من أعظم نقاط القوة في المدرسة هي طبيعتها الدينية وأنه ينبغي الاستفادة من ذلك بدلا من إخفائه . خلال إدارته ، أضافت الجامعة حرما جامعيا في القدس ، يسمى الآن مركز BYU في القدس . في عام 1989 ، تم استبدال هولندا ب Rex E . Lee . كان لي مسؤولا عن مبنى بنسون للعلوم ومتحف الفن في الحرم الجامعي . ضحية السرطان ، يتم إحياء ذكرى لي سنويا في BYU خلال حملة لجمع التبرعات للسرطان تسمى Rex Lee Run . قبل وقت قصير من وفاته ، تم استبدال لي في عام 1995 بميريل ج . بيتمان . [/INST] ```json {<answer_start> "answer": "دالين أوكس" <answer_end> } ``` </s>

حل دالين أوكس محل ويلكنسون كرئيس في عام 1971 . واصل أوكس توسيع سلفه ، مضيفا كلية الحقوق واقترح خططا لكلية جديدة للإدارة . خلال إدارته ، تمت إضافة مكتبة جديدة أيضا ، مما ضاعف مساحة المكتبة في الحرم الجامعي . تبعه جيفري ر . هولاند كرئيس في عام 1980 ، مشجعا مزيجا من التميز التعليمي والإيمان الديني في الجامعة . وأعرب عن اعتقاده بأن واحدة من أعظم نقاط القوة في المدرسة هي طبيعتها الدينية وأنه ينبغي الاستفادة من ذلك بدلا من إخفائه . خلال إدارته ، أضافت الجامعة حرما جامعيا في القدس ، يسمى الآن مركز BYU في القدس . في عام 1989 ، تم استبدال هولندا ب Rex E . Lee . كان لي مسؤولا عن مبنى بنسون للعلوم ومتحف الفن في الحرم الجامعي . ضحية السرطان ، يتم إحياء ذكرى لي سنويا في BYU خلال حملة لجمع التبرعات للسرطان تسمى Rex Lee Run . قبل وقت قصير من وفاته ، تم استبدال لي في عام 1995 بميريل ج . بيتمان .

من خلف خطط إضافة كلية جديدة للإدارة خلال إدارة دالين أوكس ؟

<s>[INST] <<SYS>> You are a helpful, respectful and honest assistant. Always answer as helpfully as possible, while being safe. Your answers should not include any harmful, unethical, racist, sexist, toxic, dangerous, or illegal content. Please ensure that your responses are socially unbiased and positive in nature. If a question does not make any sense, or is not factually coherent, explain why instead of answering something not correct. If you don't know the answer to a question, please don't share false information. <</SYS>> Extract from the following context the minimal span word for word that best answers the question. Think step by step and explain your reasoning. Then give the answer in JSON format as follows: ```json { "answer": ... } ``` If the answer is not in the context, the answer should be "?". Question: كيف يتم تقييم العقوبات اللاحقة بعد إجراء الركلة؟ Context: وفي معظم الحالات ، سيكون أمام الفريق غير المعاقب خيار رفض العقوبة ؛ في هذه الحالة تقف نتائج اللعب السابق كما لو أن ركلة الجزاء لم تستدع . أحد الاستثناءات البارزة لهذه القاعدة هو إذا تم معاقبة فريق الركل في لعبة البونت 3rd لأسفل قبل حدوث الركلة : قد لا يرفض الفريق المتلقي ركلة الجزاء ويتولى زمام الأمور . بعد إجراء الركلة ، يحدث تغيير في الاستحواذ ويتم تقييم العقوبات اللاحقة إما ضد المكان الذي يتم فيه التقاط الكرة ، أو التراجع . [/INST] ```json {<answer_start> "answer": "تتم تقييم العقوبات اللاحقة إما ضد المكان الذي يتم فيه التقاط الكرة ، أو التراجع." <answer_end> } ``` </s>

وفي معظم الحالات ، سيكون أمام الفريق غير المعاقب خيار رفض العقوبة ؛ في هذه الحالة تقف نتائج اللعب السابق كما لو أن ركلة الجزاء لم تستدع . أحد الاستثناءات البارزة لهذه القاعدة هو إذا تم معاقبة فريق الركل في لعبة البونت 3rd لأسفل قبل حدوث الركلة : قد لا يرفض الفريق المتلقي ركلة الجزاء ويتولى زمام الأمور . بعد إجراء الركلة ، يحدث تغيير في الاستحواذ ويتم تقييم العقوبات اللاحقة إما ضد المكان الذي يتم فيه التقاط الكرة ، أو التراجع .

كيف يتم تقييم العقوبات اللاحقة بعد إجراء الركلة؟

<s>[INST] <<SYS>> You are a helpful, respectful and honest assistant. Always answer as helpfully as possible, while being safe. Your answers should not include any harmful, unethical, racist, sexist, toxic, dangerous, or illegal content. Please ensure that your responses are socially unbiased and positive in nature. If a question does not make any sense, or is not factually coherent, explain why instead of answering something not correct. If you don't know the answer to a question, please don't share false information. <</SYS>> Extract from the following context the minimal span word for word that best answers the question. Think step by step and explain your reasoning. Then give the answer in JSON format as follows: ```json { "answer": ... } ``` If the answer is not in the context, the answer should be "?". Question: كيف احتج الطلاب الصينيون خلال تتابع شعلة الألعاب الأولمبية في سيول؟ Context: كوريا الجنوبية : أقيم الحدث في سيول ، التي استضافت الألعاب الأولمبية الصيفية لعام 1988 ، في 27 أبريل . وقاطع حاملا الشعلة تشوي سونغ كوك وبارك وون صن الحدث احتجاجا على حملة القمع التي تشنها الحكومة الصينية في التبت . وتم نشر أكثر من 8000 من شرطة مكافحة الشغب لحراسة الطريق الذي يبلغ طوله 24 كيلومترا ، والذي بدأ في الحديقة الأولمبية ، التي بنيت عندما استضافت سيول الألعاب الصيفية لعام 1988 . في يوم تتابع الشعلة في سيئول ، اشتبك الطلاب الصينيون مع المتظاهرين ، وألقوا الحجارة والزجاجات واللكمات . حاول منشق كوري شمالي انشق شقيقه إلى الصين ولكن تم القبض عليه وإعدامه من قبل كوريا الديمقراطية ، إضرام النار في نفسه احتجاجا على معاملة الصين للاجئين الكوريين الشماليين . سكب البنزين على نفسه لكن الشرطة سرعان ما أحاطت به وحملته بعيدا . وحاول متظاهران آخران اقتحام الشعلة لكنهما فشلا . واندلع القتال قرب بداية التتابع بين مجموعة من 500 من المؤيدين الصينيين ونحو 50 متظاهرا حملوا لافتة كتب عليها " أطلقوا سراح اللاجئين الكوريين الشماليين في الصين " . ألقى الطلاب الحجارة وزجاجات المياه بينما حاول حوالي 2 , 500 شرطي إبقاء المجموعات منفصلة . وقالت الشرطة إنها اعتقلت خمسة أشخاص ، بينهم طالب صيني اعتقل بتهمة إلقاء الحجارة . وتبع آلاف الصينيين الشعلة في رحلتها التي استغرقت 4 . 5 ساعة ، وهتف بعضهم " اذهب إلى الصين ، اذهب إلى الألعاب الأولمبية ! " وبحلول نهاية التتابع ، أصبح الطلاب الصينيون عنيفين ، وذكرت وسائل الإعلام الكورية أنهم كانوا " يعدمون " كل من كان يختلف معهم . كما تم نقل رجل شرطة إلى المستشفى بعد تعرضه لهجوم من قبل طلاب صينيين . في 29 أبريل ، أخبر وزير العدل ، كيم كيونغ هان ، رئيس الوزراء أنه سيجد " كل صيني متورط وتقديمهم إلى العدالة " . وفي وقت لاحق من اليوم ، أصدر مكتب المدعي العام في كوريا الجنوبية ووكالة الشرطة الوطنية ووزارة الخارجية وجهاز المخابرات الوطني بيانا مشتركا قالوا فيه إنهم سيرحلون كل طالب صيني متورط في الحادث . ودافعت الصين عن سلوك الطلاب . [/INST] ```json {<answer_start> "answer": "احتج الطلاب الصينيون خلال تتابع شعلة الألعاب الأولمبية في سيول عن طريق رمي الحجارة والزجاجات واللكمات." <answer_end> } ``` </s>

كوريا الجنوبية : أقيم الحدث في سيول ، التي استضافت الألعاب الأولمبية الصيفية لعام 1988 ، في 27 أبريل . وقاطع حاملا الشعلة تشوي سونغ كوك وبارك وون صن الحدث احتجاجا على حملة القمع التي تشنها الحكومة الصينية في التبت . وتم نشر أكثر من 8000 من شرطة مكافحة الشغب لحراسة الطريق الذي يبلغ طوله 24 كيلومترا ، والذي بدأ في الحديقة الأولمبية ، التي بنيت عندما استضافت سيول الألعاب الصيفية لعام 1988 . في يوم تتابع الشعلة في سيئول ، اشتبك الطلاب الصينيون مع المتظاهرين ، وألقوا الحجارة والزجاجات واللكمات . حاول منشق كوري شمالي انشق شقيقه إلى الصين ولكن تم القبض عليه وإعدامه من قبل كوريا الديمقراطية ، إضرام النار في نفسه احتجاجا على معاملة الصين للاجئين الكوريين الشماليين . سكب البنزين على نفسه لكن الشرطة سرعان ما أحاطت به وحملته بعيدا . وحاول متظاهران آخران اقتحام الشعلة لكنهما فشلا . واندلع القتال قرب بداية التتابع بين مجموعة من 500 من المؤيدين الصينيين ونحو 50 متظاهرا حملوا لافتة كتب عليها " أطلقوا سراح اللاجئين الكوريين الشماليين في الصين " . ألقى الطلاب الحجارة وزجاجات المياه بينما حاول حوالي 2 , 500 شرطي إبقاء المجموعات منفصلة . وقالت الشرطة إنها اعتقلت خمسة أشخاص ، بينهم طالب صيني اعتقل بتهمة إلقاء الحجارة . وتبع آلاف الصينيين الشعلة في رحلتها التي استغرقت 4 . 5 ساعة ، وهتف بعضهم " اذهب إلى الصين ، اذهب إلى الألعاب الأولمبية ! " وبحلول نهاية التتابع ، أصبح الطلاب الصينيون عنيفين ، وذكرت وسائل الإعلام الكورية أنهم كانوا " يعدمون " كل من كان يختلف معهم . كما تم نقل رجل شرطة إلى المستشفى بعد تعرضه لهجوم من قبل طلاب صينيين . في 29 أبريل ، أخبر وزير العدل ، كيم كيونغ هان ، رئيس الوزراء أنه سيجد " كل صيني متورط وتقديمهم إلى العدالة " . وفي وقت لاحق من اليوم ، أصدر مكتب المدعي العام في كوريا الجنوبية ووكالة الشرطة الوطنية ووزارة الخارجية وجهاز المخابرات الوطني بيانا مشتركا قالوا فيه إنهم سيرحلون كل طالب صيني متورط في الحادث . ودافعت الصين عن سلوك الطلاب .

كيف احتج الطلاب الصينيون خلال تتابع شعلة الألعاب الأولمبية في سيول؟

<s>[INST] <<SYS>> You are a helpful, respectful and honest assistant. Always answer as helpfully as possible, while being safe. Your answers should not include any harmful, unethical, racist, sexist, toxic, dangerous, or illegal content. Please ensure that your responses are socially unbiased and positive in nature. If a question does not make any sense, or is not factually coherent, explain why instead of answering something not correct. If you don't know the answer to a question, please don't share false information. <</SYS>> Extract from the following context the minimal span word for word that best answers the question. Think step by step and explain your reasoning. Then give the answer in JSON format as follows: ```json { "answer": ... } ``` If the answer is not in the context, the answer should be "?". Question: ما هي الدول التي أصبحت مستقلة عن السيطرة التشريعية البريطانية بموجب معاهدة لوزان لعام 1923؟ Context: تم الاعتراف بقدرة الدومينيون على وضع سياستهم الخارجية الخاصة ، بشكل مستقل عن بريطانيا ، في المؤتمر الإمبراطوري لعام 1923 . رفضت كندا وجنوب أفريقيا طلب بريطانيا للحصول على مساعدة عسكرية من الدومينيون عند اندلاع أزمة تشاناك في العام السابق ، ورفضت كندا الالتزام بمعاهدة لوزان لعام 1923 . بعد ضغوط من أيرلندا وجنوب أفريقيا ، أصدر المؤتمر الإمبراطوري لعام 1926 وعد بلفور ، معلنا أن الدومينيون هم " مجتمعات حكم ذاتي داخل الإمبراطورية البريطانية ، متساوية في الوضع ، ولا تخضع بأي حال من الأحوال لبعضها البعض " داخل " الكومنولث البريطاني للأمم " . وقد أعطي هذا الإعلان مضمونا قانونيا بموجب النظام الأساسي لوستمنستر لعام 1931 . أصبحت برلمانات كندا وأستراليا ونيوزيلندا واتحاد جنوب أفريقيا والدولة الأيرلندية الحرة ونيوفاوندلاند مستقلة الآن عن السيطرة التشريعية البريطانية ، ويمكنها إبطال القوانين البريطانية ولم يعد بإمكان بريطانيا تمرير قوانين لها دون موافقتها . عادت نيوفاوندلاند إلى وضعها الاستعماري في عام 1933 ، حيث عانت من صعوبات مالية خلال فترة الكساد الكبير . نأت أيرلندا بنفسها أكثر عن بريطانيا مع إدخال دستور جديد في عام 1937 ، مما جعلها جمهورية في كل شيء باستثناء الاسم . [/INST] ```json {<answer_start> "answer": "كندا وجنوب أفريقيا" <answer_end> } ``` </s>

تم الاعتراف بقدرة الدومينيون على وضع سياستهم الخارجية الخاصة ، بشكل مستقل عن بريطانيا ، في المؤتمر الإمبراطوري لعام 1923 . رفضت كندا وجنوب أفريقيا طلب بريطانيا للحصول على مساعدة عسكرية من الدومينيون عند اندلاع أزمة تشاناك في العام السابق ، ورفضت كندا الالتزام بمعاهدة لوزان لعام 1923 . بعد ضغوط من أيرلندا وجنوب أفريقيا ، أصدر المؤتمر الإمبراطوري لعام 1926 وعد بلفور ، معلنا أن الدومينيون هم " مجتمعات حكم ذاتي داخل الإمبراطورية البريطانية ، متساوية في الوضع ، ولا تخضع بأي حال من الأحوال لبعضها البعض " داخل " الكومنولث البريطاني للأمم " . وقد أعطي هذا الإعلان مضمونا قانونيا بموجب النظام الأساسي لوستمنستر لعام 1931 . أصبحت برلمانات كندا وأستراليا ونيوزيلندا واتحاد جنوب أفريقيا والدولة الأيرلندية الحرة ونيوفاوندلاند مستقلة الآن عن السيطرة التشريعية البريطانية ، ويمكنها إبطال القوانين البريطانية ولم يعد بإمكان بريطانيا تمرير قوانين لها دون موافقتها . عادت نيوفاوندلاند إلى وضعها الاستعماري في عام 1933 ، حيث عانت من صعوبات مالية خلال فترة الكساد الكبير . نأت أيرلندا بنفسها أكثر عن بريطانيا مع إدخال دستور جديد في عام 1937 ، مما جعلها جمهورية في كل شيء باستثناء الاسم .

ما هي الدول التي أصبحت مستقلة عن السيطرة التشريعية البريطانية بموجب معاهدة لوزان لعام 1923؟

<s>[INST] <<SYS>> You are a helpful, respectful and honest assistant. Always answer as helpfully as possible, while being safe. Your answers should not include any harmful, unethical, racist, sexist, toxic, dangerous, or illegal content. Please ensure that your responses are socially unbiased and positive in nature. If a question does not make any sense, or is not factually coherent, explain why instead of answering something not correct. If you don't know the answer to a question, please don't share false information. <</SYS>> Extract from the following context the minimal span word for word that best answers the question. Think step by step and explain your reasoning. Then give the answer in JSON format as follows: ```json { "answer": ... } ``` If the answer is not in the context, the answer should be "?". Question: من رأى أن العرض يقوض الفن؟ Context: كان بعض الكتاب اللاحقين حول العرض أكثر إيجابية ، واعتقد مايكل سليزاك ، مرة أخرى من مجلة إنترتينمنت ويكلي ، أنه " على الرغم من كل زخارف متضخمة واصطناعية وشلن المنتج وكسب المال ، يوفر Idol فرصة مرة واحدة في السنة للأمريكي العادي لمكافحة شرور الأعمال الموسيقية اليوم " . لكن المغنية شيريل كرو ، التي كانت تعمل لاحقا كمرشدة في العرض ، رأت أن العرض " يقوض الفن بكل الطرق ويعزز التجارية " . ومع ذلك ، أشارت ناقدة موسيقى البوب آن باورز إلى أن آيدول " أعاد تشكيل كتاب الأغاني الأمريكي " ، و " قادنا نحو طريقة جديدة لرؤية أنفسنا في علاقة مع الثقافة الشعبية السائدة " ، ويربط " حلم هوليوود الكلاسيكي بالثقافة الشعبية متعددة المراكز في المستقبل " . وركز آخرون على الشخصيات في المسلسل . واتهم رامين سيتوده من مجلة نيوزويك القاضي سايمون كويل في المسلسل بالمساعدة في تأسيس ثقافة الدناءة في العالم الأوسع ، بأن " سايمون كويل جر بقيتنا في الوحل معه " . البعض مثل المغني جون ماير استخف بالمتسابقين ، مشيرا إلى أن أولئك الذين ظهروا على Idol ليسوا فنانين حقيقيين يحترمون أنفسهم . [/INST] ```json {<answer_start> "answer": "شيريل كرو" <answer_end> } ``` </s>

كان بعض الكتاب اللاحقين حول العرض أكثر إيجابية ، واعتقد مايكل سليزاك ، مرة أخرى من مجلة إنترتينمنت ويكلي ، أنه " على الرغم من كل زخارف متضخمة واصطناعية وشلن المنتج وكسب المال ، يوفر Idol فرصة مرة واحدة في السنة للأمريكي العادي لمكافحة شرور الأعمال الموسيقية اليوم " . لكن المغنية شيريل كرو ، التي كانت تعمل لاحقا كمرشدة في العرض ، رأت أن العرض " يقوض الفن بكل الطرق ويعزز التجارية " . ومع ذلك ، أشارت ناقدة موسيقى البوب آن باورز إلى أن آيدول " أعاد تشكيل كتاب الأغاني الأمريكي " ، و " قادنا نحو طريقة جديدة لرؤية أنفسنا في علاقة مع الثقافة الشعبية السائدة " ، ويربط " حلم هوليوود الكلاسيكي بالثقافة الشعبية متعددة المراكز في المستقبل " . وركز آخرون على الشخصيات في المسلسل . واتهم رامين سيتوده من مجلة نيوزويك القاضي سايمون كويل في المسلسل بالمساعدة في تأسيس ثقافة الدناءة في العالم الأوسع ، بأن " سايمون كويل جر بقيتنا في الوحل معه " . البعض مثل المغني جون ماير استخف بالمتسابقين ، مشيرا إلى أن أولئك الذين ظهروا على Idol ليسوا فنانين حقيقيين يحترمون أنفسهم .

من رأى أن العرض يقوض الفن؟

<s>[INST] <<SYS>> You are a helpful, respectful and honest assistant. Always answer as helpfully as possible, while being safe. Your answers should not include any harmful, unethical, racist, sexist, toxic, dangerous, or illegal content. Please ensure that your responses are socially unbiased and positive in nature. If a question does not make any sense, or is not factually coherent, explain why instead of answering something not correct. If you don't know the answer to a question, please don't share false information. <</SYS>> Extract from the following context the minimal span word for word that best answers the question. Think step by step and explain your reasoning. Then give the answer in JSON format as follows: ```json { "answer": ... } ``` If the answer is not in the context, the answer should be "?". Question: كيف أصبح سكوتي ماكريري أصغر فنان ذكر يصل إلى رقم 1 على Billboard 200؟ Context: وكان المرشحان النهائيان في عام 2011 هما لورين ألينا وسكوتي ماكريري ، وكلاهما مغنيان ريفيان مراهقان . فاز ماكريري بالمسابقة في 25 مايو ، كونه أصغر فائز من الذكور ورابع رجل على التوالي يفوز بأمريكان أيدول . أصدر ماكريري أول أغنية منفردة له ، " I Love You This Big " ، كأغنية تتويج له ، وأصدرت ألينا أغنية " Like My Mother Does " . أصبح ألبوم ماكريري الأول ، Clear as Day ، أول ألبوم لأول مرة لفائز ب Idol يصل إلى رقم 1 في Billboard 200 الأمريكي منذ Soulful ل Ruben Studdard في عام 2003 ، وأصبح أصغر فنان ذكر يصل إلى رقم 1 على Billboard 200 . [/INST] ```json {<answer_start> "answer": "لأن ألبومه الأول "Clear as Day" وصل إلى المركز الأول في قائمة Billboard 200." <answer_end> } ``` </s>

وكان المرشحان النهائيان في عام 2011 هما لورين ألينا وسكوتي ماكريري ، وكلاهما مغنيان ريفيان مراهقان . فاز ماكريري بالمسابقة في 25 مايو ، كونه أصغر فائز من الذكور ورابع رجل على التوالي يفوز بأمريكان أيدول . أصدر ماكريري أول أغنية منفردة له ، " I Love You This Big " ، كأغنية تتويج له ، وأصدرت ألينا أغنية " Like My Mother Does " . أصبح ألبوم ماكريري الأول ، Clear as Day ، أول ألبوم لأول مرة لفائز ب Idol يصل إلى رقم 1 في Billboard 200 الأمريكي منذ Soulful ل Ruben Studdard في عام 2003 ، وأصبح أصغر فنان ذكر يصل إلى رقم 1 على Billboard 200 .

كيف أصبح سكوتي ماكريري أصغر فنان ذكر يصل إلى رقم 1 على Billboard 200؟

<s>[INST] <<SYS>> You are a helpful, respectful and honest assistant. Always answer as helpfully as possible, while being safe. Your answers should not include any harmful, unethical, racist, sexist, toxic, dangerous, or illegal content. Please ensure that your responses are socially unbiased and positive in nature. If a question does not make any sense, or is not factually coherent, explain why instead of answering something not correct. If you don't know the answer to a question, please don't share false information. <</SYS>> Extract from the following context the minimal span word for word that best answers the question. Think step by step and explain your reasoning. Then give the answer in JSON format as follows: ```json { "answer": ... } ``` If the answer is not in the context, the answer should be "?". Question: كيف يستطيع حراس المرمى لعب الكرة؟ Context: حراس المرمى هم اللاعبون الوحيدون المسموح لهم بلمس الكرة بأيديهم أو أذرعهم أثناء لعبها وفي منطقة جزاءهم فقط . يستخدم اللاعبون خارج الملعب في الغالب أقدامهم لضرب الكرة أو تمريرها ، ولكن قد يستخدمون أيضا رؤوسهم أو جذعهم للقيام بذلك بدلا من ذلك . الفريق الذي يسجل أكبر عدد من الأهداف بحلول نهاية المباراة يفوز . إذا كانت النتيجة متساوية في نهاية اللعبة ، فإما أن يتم الإعلان عن التعادل أو تذهب اللعبة إلى وقت إضافي و - أو ركلات الترجيح اعتمادا على شكل المسابقة . تم تدوين قوانين اللعبة في الأصل في إنجلترا من قبل اتحاد كرة القدم في عام 1863 . يحكم اتحاد كرة القدم دوليا الاتحاد الدولي لكرة القدم ( FIFA ; الفرنسية : الاتحاد الدولي لكرة القدم ) ، الذي ينظم كأس العالم للرجال والنساء كل أربع سنوات . [/INST] ```json {<answer_start> "answer": "باستخدام أيديهم أو أذرعهم في منطقة جزاءهم فقط." <answer_end> } ``` </s>

حراس المرمى هم اللاعبون الوحيدون المسموح لهم بلمس الكرة بأيديهم أو أذرعهم أثناء لعبها وفي منطقة جزاءهم فقط . يستخدم اللاعبون خارج الملعب في الغالب أقدامهم لضرب الكرة أو تمريرها ، ولكن قد يستخدمون أيضا رؤوسهم أو جذعهم للقيام بذلك بدلا من ذلك . الفريق الذي يسجل أكبر عدد من الأهداف بحلول نهاية المباراة يفوز . إذا كانت النتيجة متساوية في نهاية اللعبة ، فإما أن يتم الإعلان عن التعادل أو تذهب اللعبة إلى وقت إضافي و - أو ركلات الترجيح اعتمادا على شكل المسابقة . تم تدوين قوانين اللعبة في الأصل في إنجلترا من قبل اتحاد كرة القدم في عام 1863 . يحكم اتحاد كرة القدم دوليا الاتحاد الدولي لكرة القدم ( FIFA ; الفرنسية : الاتحاد الدولي لكرة القدم ) ، الذي ينظم كأس العالم للرجال والنساء كل أربع سنوات .

كيف يستطيع حراس المرمى لعب الكرة؟

<s>[INST] <<SYS>> You are a helpful, respectful and honest assistant. Always answer as helpfully as possible, while being safe. Your answers should not include any harmful, unethical, racist, sexist, toxic, dangerous, or illegal content. Please ensure that your responses are socially unbiased and positive in nature. If a question does not make any sense, or is not factually coherent, explain why instead of answering something not correct. If you don't know the answer to a question, please don't share false information. <</SYS>> Extract from the following context the minimal span word for word that best answers the question. Think step by step and explain your reasoning. Then give the answer in JSON format as follows: ```json { "answer": ... } ``` If the answer is not in the context, the answer should be "?". Question: ما هو تخصص علم اللغة الاجتماعي الكاتالوني؟ Context: يدرس علم اللغة الاجتماعي الكاتالوني وضع اللغة الكاتالونية في العالم والأصناف المختلفة التي تقدمها هذه اللغة . وهو تخصص فرعي من فقه اللغة الكاتالونية وغيرها من الدراسات affine وله هدف لتحليل العلاقة بين اللغة الكاتالونية والمتحدثين بها والواقع الوثيق ( بما في ذلك واحدة من اللغات الأخرى في الاتصال ) . [/INST] ```json {<answer_start> "answer": "فرع من فقه اللغة الكاتالونية ويهدف لتحليل العلاقة بين اللغة الكاتالونية والمتحدثين بها والواقع الوثيق." <answer_end> } ``` </s>

يدرس علم اللغة الاجتماعي الكاتالوني وضع اللغة الكاتالونية في العالم والأصناف المختلفة التي تقدمها هذه اللغة . وهو تخصص فرعي من فقه اللغة الكاتالونية وغيرها من الدراسات affine وله هدف لتحليل العلاقة بين اللغة الكاتالونية والمتحدثين بها والواقع الوثيق ( بما في ذلك واحدة من اللغات الأخرى في الاتصال ) .

ما هو تخصص علم اللغة الاجتماعي الكاتالوني؟

<s>[INST] <<SYS>> You are a helpful, respectful and honest assistant. Always answer as helpfully as possible, while being safe. Your answers should not include any harmful, unethical, racist, sexist, toxic, dangerous, or illegal content. Please ensure that your responses are socially unbiased and positive in nature. If a question does not make any sense, or is not factually coherent, explain why instead of answering something not correct. If you don't know the answer to a question, please don't share false information. <</SYS>> Extract from the following context the minimal span word for word that best answers the question. Think step by step and explain your reasoning. Then give the answer in JSON format as follows: ```json { "answer": ... } ``` If the answer is not in the context, the answer should be "?". Question: ما الثقافات الأخرى التي اختلطت مع الثقافة الأشكناز؟ Context: مع ابتعاد اليهود الأشكناز عن أوروبا ، في الغالب في شكل علياء إلى إسرائيل ، أو الهجرة إلى أمريكا الشمالية ، وغيرها من المناطق الناطقة باللغة الإنجليزية . وأوروبا ( وخاصة فرنسا ) وأمريكا اللاتينية ، فإن العزلة الجغرافية التي أدت إلى ظهور الأشكناز قد أفسحت المجال للاختلاط مع الثقافات الأخرى ، ومع اليهود غير الأشكناز الذين ، بالمثل ، لم يعودوا معزولين في مناطق جغرافية متميزة . حلت العبرية محل اليديشية كلغة يهودية أساسية للعديد من اليهود الأشكناز ، على الرغم من أن العديد من الجماعات الحسيدية والحريدية لا تزال تستخدم اليديشية في الحياة اليومية . ( هناك العديد من الناطقين باللغة الإنجليزية اليهودية الأشكناز والناطقين بالروسية أيضا ، على الرغم من أن الإنجليزية والروسية ليستا لغتين يهوديتين في الأصل ) . [/INST] ```json {<answer_start> "answer": "مع الثقافات الأخرى" <answer_end> } ``` </s>

مع ابتعاد اليهود الأشكناز عن أوروبا ، في الغالب في شكل علياء إلى إسرائيل ، أو الهجرة إلى أمريكا الشمالية ، وغيرها من المناطق الناطقة باللغة الإنجليزية . وأوروبا ( وخاصة فرنسا ) وأمريكا اللاتينية ، فإن العزلة الجغرافية التي أدت إلى ظهور الأشكناز قد أفسحت المجال للاختلاط مع الثقافات الأخرى ، ومع اليهود غير الأشكناز الذين ، بالمثل ، لم يعودوا معزولين في مناطق جغرافية متميزة . حلت العبرية محل اليديشية كلغة يهودية أساسية للعديد من اليهود الأشكناز ، على الرغم من أن العديد من الجماعات الحسيدية والحريدية لا تزال تستخدم اليديشية في الحياة اليومية . ( هناك العديد من الناطقين باللغة الإنجليزية اليهودية الأشكناز والناطقين بالروسية أيضا ، على الرغم من أن الإنجليزية والروسية ليستا لغتين يهوديتين في الأصل ) .

ما الثقافات الأخرى التي اختلطت مع الثقافة الأشكناز؟

<s>[INST] <<SYS>> You are a helpful, respectful and honest assistant. Always answer as helpfully as possible, while being safe. Your answers should not include any harmful, unethical, racist, sexist, toxic, dangerous, or illegal content. Please ensure that your responses are socially unbiased and positive in nature. If a question does not make any sense, or is not factually coherent, explain why instead of answering something not correct. If you don't know the answer to a question, please don't share false information. <</SYS>> Extract from the following context the minimal span word for word that best answers the question. Think step by step and explain your reasoning. Then give the answer in JSON format as follows: ```json { "answer": ... } ``` If the answer is not in the context, the answer should be "?". Question: كيف كانت استعدادات الحدث في كانبيرا؟ Context: أستراليا : عقد الحدث في كانبيرا ، إقليم العاصمة الأسترالية في 24 أبريل ، وغطى حوالي 16 كم من المناطق المركزية في كانبيرا ، من مكان المصالحة إلى حديقة الكومنولث . ولدى وصولها إلى كانبيرا ، قدم المسؤولون الصينيون الشعلة الأولمبية إلى المسنة المحلية من السكان الأصليين أغنيس شيا ، من شعب نغونوال . وبدورها ، قدمت لهم عصا رسالة ، كهدية للسلام والترحيب . وورد أن مئات المتظاهرين المؤيدين للتبت وآلاف الطلاب الصينيين حضروا . وأبقت الشرطة الاتحادية الأسترالية المتظاهرين والمتظاهرين المناهضين منفصلين عن بعضهم البعض . وشاب الاستعدادات للحدث خلاف حول دور مرافقي الشعلة الصينيين ، حيث تجادل المسؤولون الأستراليون والصينيون علنا حول وظائفهم وامتيازاتهم خلال مؤتمر صحفي . [/INST] ```json {<answer_start> "answer": "استعدادات الحدث في كانبيرا كانت متنوعة، حيث قدم المسؤولون الصينيون الشعلة الأولمبية للسكان المحليين وقدمت لهم عصا رسالة كهدية للسلام والترحيب. حضر مئات المتظاهرين المؤيدين للتبت وآلاف الطلاب الصينيين، وقامت الشرطة بفصل المتظاهرين والمتظاهرين المناهضين عن بعضهم البعض." <answer_end> } ``` </s>

أستراليا : عقد الحدث في كانبيرا ، إقليم العاصمة الأسترالية في 24 أبريل ، وغطى حوالي 16 كم من المناطق المركزية في كانبيرا ، من مكان المصالحة إلى حديقة الكومنولث . ولدى وصولها إلى كانبيرا ، قدم المسؤولون الصينيون الشعلة الأولمبية إلى المسنة المحلية من السكان الأصليين أغنيس شيا ، من شعب نغونوال . وبدورها ، قدمت لهم عصا رسالة ، كهدية للسلام والترحيب . وورد أن مئات المتظاهرين المؤيدين للتبت وآلاف الطلاب الصينيين حضروا . وأبقت الشرطة الاتحادية الأسترالية المتظاهرين والمتظاهرين المناهضين منفصلين عن بعضهم البعض . وشاب الاستعدادات للحدث خلاف حول دور مرافقي الشعلة الصينيين ، حيث تجادل المسؤولون الأستراليون والصينيون علنا حول وظائفهم وامتيازاتهم خلال مؤتمر صحفي .

كيف كانت استعدادات الحدث في كانبيرا؟

<s>[INST] <<SYS>> You are a helpful, respectful and honest assistant. Always answer as helpfully as possible, while being safe. Your answers should not include any harmful, unethical, racist, sexist, toxic, dangerous, or illegal content. Please ensure that your responses are socially unbiased and positive in nature. If a question does not make any sense, or is not factually coherent, explain why instead of answering something not correct. If you don't know the answer to a question, please don't share false information. <</SYS>> Extract from the following context the minimal span word for word that best answers the question. Think step by step and explain your reasoning. Then give the answer in JSON format as follows: ```json { "answer": ... } ``` If the answer is not in the context, the answer should be "?". Question: ما هي الجزر التي وضعتها الولايات المتحدة تحت الوصاية الأمريكية في معاهدة سان فرانسيسكو؟ Context: في المادة 3 من معاهدة سان فرانسيسكو بين دول الحلفاء واليابان ، التي دخلت حيز التنفيذ في أبريل 1952 ، وضعت الولايات المتحدة الجزر النائية في ريوكيوس ، بما في ذلك جزيرة أوكيناوا - موطن أكثر من 1 مليون أوكيناوا على صلة باليابانيين - وجزر بونين وجزر البركان وإيوو جيما تحت الوصاية الأمريكية . كل هذه الوصاية أعيدت ببطء إلى الحكم الياباني . أعيدت أوكيناوا في 15 مايو 1972 ، لكن الولايات المتحدة تنشر قوات في قواعد الجزيرة كدفاع عن اليابان . [/INST] ```json {<answer_start> "answer": "جزيرة أوكيناوا، جزر بونين، جزر البركان، إيوو جيما." <answer_end> } ``` </s>

في المادة 3 من معاهدة سان فرانسيسكو بين دول الحلفاء واليابان ، التي دخلت حيز التنفيذ في أبريل 1952 ، وضعت الولايات المتحدة الجزر النائية في ريوكيوس ، بما في ذلك جزيرة أوكيناوا - موطن أكثر من 1 مليون أوكيناوا على صلة باليابانيين - وجزر بونين وجزر البركان وإيوو جيما تحت الوصاية الأمريكية . كل هذه الوصاية أعيدت ببطء إلى الحكم الياباني . أعيدت أوكيناوا في 15 مايو 1972 ، لكن الولايات المتحدة تنشر قوات في قواعد الجزيرة كدفاع عن اليابان .

ما هي الجزر التي وضعتها الولايات المتحدة تحت الوصاية الأمريكية في معاهدة سان فرانسيسكو؟

<s>[INST] <<SYS>> You are a helpful, respectful and honest assistant. Always answer as helpfully as possible, while being safe. Your answers should not include any harmful, unethical, racist, sexist, toxic, dangerous, or illegal content. Please ensure that your responses are socially unbiased and positive in nature. If a question does not make any sense, or is not factually coherent, explain why instead of answering something not correct. If you don't know the answer to a question, please don't share false information. <</SYS>> Extract from the following context the minimal span word for word that best answers the question. Think step by step and explain your reasoning. Then give the answer in JSON format as follows: ```json { "answer": ... } ``` If the answer is not in the context, the answer should be "?". Question: متى بدأت عقوبة الإعدام في الولايات المتحدة؟ Context: منذ عام 1642 ( في المستعمرات ال 13 ، والولايات المتحدة بموجب مواد الاتحاد ، والولايات المتحدة الحالية ) ، تم إعدام ما يقدر بنحو 364 حدثا جانحا من قبل الولايات والحكومة الفيدرالية . كان أول إعدام معروف لسجين بسبب جرائم ارتكبها عندما كان حدثا هو توماس جراونجر في عام 1642 . ووقعت 22 عملية إعدام بعد عام 1976 ، في سبع ولايات . ونظرا لبطء إجراءات الاستئناف ، كان من غير المعتاد إلى حد كبير أن يكون الشخص المحكوم عليه دون سن 18 عاما وقت تنفيذ حكم الإعدام . أصغر شخص تم إعدامه في القرن العشرين كان جورج ستيني ، الذي تعرض للصعق بالكهرباء في ساوث كارولينا في سن 14 في 16 يونيو 1944 . ربما كان آخر إعدام لحدث هو ليونارد شوكلي ، الذي توفي في غرفة الغاز في ماريلاند في 10 أبريل 1959 ، عن عمر يناهز 17 عاما . لم يكن أحد دون سن 19 عاما وقت تنفيذ حكم الإعدام منذ عام 1964 على الأقل . ومنذ إعادة العمل بعقوبة الإعدام في عام 1976 ، أعدم 22 شخصا لارتكابهم جرائم دون سن 18 عاما . وكان 21 منهم 17 شخصا وقت ارتكاب الجريمة . وكان آخر شخص أعدم بسبب جريمة ارتكبت عندما كان حدثا هو سكوت هاين في 3 أبريل - نيسان 2003 في أوكلاهوما . [/INST] ```json {<answer_start> "answer": "بدأت عقوبة الإعدام في الولايات المتحدة منذ عام 1642." <answer_end> } ``` </s>

منذ عام 1642 ( في المستعمرات ال 13 ، والولايات المتحدة بموجب مواد الاتحاد ، والولايات المتحدة الحالية ) ، تم إعدام ما يقدر بنحو 364 حدثا جانحا من قبل الولايات والحكومة الفيدرالية . كان أول إعدام معروف لسجين بسبب جرائم ارتكبها عندما كان حدثا هو توماس جراونجر في عام 1642 . ووقعت 22 عملية إعدام بعد عام 1976 ، في سبع ولايات . ونظرا لبطء إجراءات الاستئناف ، كان من غير المعتاد إلى حد كبير أن يكون الشخص المحكوم عليه دون سن 18 عاما وقت تنفيذ حكم الإعدام . أصغر شخص تم إعدامه في القرن العشرين كان جورج ستيني ، الذي تعرض للصعق بالكهرباء في ساوث كارولينا في سن 14 في 16 يونيو 1944 . ربما كان آخر إعدام لحدث هو ليونارد شوكلي ، الذي توفي في غرفة الغاز في ماريلاند في 10 أبريل 1959 ، عن عمر يناهز 17 عاما . لم يكن أحد دون سن 19 عاما وقت تنفيذ حكم الإعدام منذ عام 1964 على الأقل . ومنذ إعادة العمل بعقوبة الإعدام في عام 1976 ، أعدم 22 شخصا لارتكابهم جرائم دون سن 18 عاما . وكان 21 منهم 17 شخصا وقت ارتكاب الجريمة . وكان آخر شخص أعدم بسبب جريمة ارتكبت عندما كان حدثا هو سكوت هاين في 3 أبريل - نيسان 2003 في أوكلاهوما .

متى بدأت عقوبة الإعدام في الولايات المتحدة؟

<s>[INST] <<SYS>> You are a helpful, respectful and honest assistant. Always answer as helpfully as possible, while being safe. Your answers should not include any harmful, unethical, racist, sexist, toxic, dangerous, or illegal content. Please ensure that your responses are socially unbiased and positive in nature. If a question does not make any sense, or is not factually coherent, explain why instead of answering something not correct. If you don't know the answer to a question, please don't share false information. <</SYS>> Extract from the following context the minimal span word for word that best answers the question. Think step by step and explain your reasoning. Then give the answer in JSON format as follows: ```json { "answer": ... } ``` If the answer is not in the context, the answer should be "?". Question: هل موسم 98 للأشبال بدأ بنبرة كئيبة بسبب وفاة هاري كاراي؟ Context: سيبدأ موسم 98 بنبرة كئيبة مع وفاة المذيع الأسطوري هاري كاراي . بعد تقاعد ساندبرغ وتجارة دونستون ، كان لدى الأشبال ثغرات لملئها ، والتعاقد مع هنري رودريغيز ، المعروف بمودة باسم " H - Rod " لتنظيف الخفافيش وفر الحماية لسامي سوسا في التشكيلة ، حيث أبطأ رودريغيز 31 مباراة ذهابا وإيابا في موسمه الأول في شيكاغو . قاد كيفن تاباني النادي برصيد 19 فوزا في مسيرته المهنية ، وقام رود بيك بترسيخ مصارعة ثيران قوية ، وقدم مارك جريس واحدا من أفضل مواسمه . غمر اهتمام وسائل الإعلام الأشبال في عام 1998 ، وكان أكبر اثنين من العناوين الرئيسية للفريق هما سوسا وقاذفة اللهب الصاعدة كيري وود . كان أداء وود المميز هو ضرب واحد لهيوستن أستروس ، وهي المباراة التي عادل فيها الرقم القياسي في الدوري الرئيسي من 20 ضربة في تسع مباريات . أكسبته أرقامه الهجومية الهائلة وود لقب " كيد كيه " ، وحصل في النهاية على جائزة NL Rookie of the Year لعام 1998 . واشتعلت النيران في سوسا في يونيو حزيران وحقق رقما قياسيا في الدوري بلغ 20 شوطا على أرضه في الشهر وحول سباقه على أرضه مع مارك ماكجواير لاعب الكاردينال الثنائي إلى نجمين عالميين في غضون أسابيع . أنهى ماكغواير الموسم برقم قياسي جديد في الدوري الرئيسي بلغ 70 شوطا على أرضه ، لكن متوسط سوسا البالغ 308 و 66 هوميروس أكسبه جائزة أفضل لاعب في الدوري الوطني . بعد مطاردة وايلد كارد مع سان فرانسيسكو جاينتس ، أنهى شيكاغو وسان فرانسيسكو الموسم المنتظم متعادلين ، وبالتالي تعادلوا في مباراة فاصلة من مباراة واحدة في ريجلي فيلد حيث ضرب لاعب الارتكاز الثالث غاري غايتي في نهاية المطاف هوميروس الفائز في المباراة . دفع الفوز الأشبال إلى ما بعد الموسم مرة أخرى بنتيجة 90 - 73 في الموسم العادي . لسوء الحظ ، كانت الخفافيش باردة في أكتوبر ، حيث ضرب نادي المدرب جيم ريجلمان . 183 وسجل أربعة أشواط فقط في طريقه لاكتساحه أتلانتا . من الناحية الإيجابية ، ساعدت مطاردة الركض على أرضه بين سوسا وماكغواير وكين غريفي جونيور البيسبول المحترف على جلب محصول جديد من المشجعين بالإضافة إلى إعادة بعض المشجعين الذين أصيبوا بخيبة أمل من ضربة عام 1994 . احتفظ الأشبال بالعديد من اللاعبين الذين عانوا من سنوات مهنية في عام 98 ، وبعد بداية سريعة في عام 1999 ، انهاروا مرة أخرى ( بدءا من اكتساحهم على يد وايت سوكس عبر المدينة في منتصف يونيو ) وأنهوا في قاع القسم للموسمين التاليين . [/INST] ```json {<answer_start> "answer": "نعم، بدأ موسم 98 للأشبال بنبرة كئيبة بسبب وفاة هاري كاراي." <answer_end> } ``` </s>

سيبدأ موسم 98 بنبرة كئيبة مع وفاة المذيع الأسطوري هاري كاراي . بعد تقاعد ساندبرغ وتجارة دونستون ، كان لدى الأشبال ثغرات لملئها ، والتعاقد مع هنري رودريغيز ، المعروف بمودة باسم " H - Rod " لتنظيف الخفافيش وفر الحماية لسامي سوسا في التشكيلة ، حيث أبطأ رودريغيز 31 مباراة ذهابا وإيابا في موسمه الأول في شيكاغو . قاد كيفن تاباني النادي برصيد 19 فوزا في مسيرته المهنية ، وقام رود بيك بترسيخ مصارعة ثيران قوية ، وقدم مارك جريس واحدا من أفضل مواسمه . غمر اهتمام وسائل الإعلام الأشبال في عام 1998 ، وكان أكبر اثنين من العناوين الرئيسية للفريق هما سوسا وقاذفة اللهب الصاعدة كيري وود . كان أداء وود المميز هو ضرب واحد لهيوستن أستروس ، وهي المباراة التي عادل فيها الرقم القياسي في الدوري الرئيسي من 20 ضربة في تسع مباريات . أكسبته أرقامه الهجومية الهائلة وود لقب " كيد كيه " ، وحصل في النهاية على جائزة NL Rookie of the Year لعام 1998 . واشتعلت النيران في سوسا في يونيو حزيران وحقق رقما قياسيا في الدوري بلغ 20 شوطا على أرضه في الشهر وحول سباقه على أرضه مع مارك ماكجواير لاعب الكاردينال الثنائي إلى نجمين عالميين في غضون أسابيع . أنهى ماكغواير الموسم برقم قياسي جديد في الدوري الرئيسي بلغ 70 شوطا على أرضه ، لكن متوسط سوسا البالغ 308 و 66 هوميروس أكسبه جائزة أفضل لاعب في الدوري الوطني . بعد مطاردة وايلد كارد مع سان فرانسيسكو جاينتس ، أنهى شيكاغو وسان فرانسيسكو الموسم المنتظم متعادلين ، وبالتالي تعادلوا في مباراة فاصلة من مباراة واحدة في ريجلي فيلد حيث ضرب لاعب الارتكاز الثالث غاري غايتي في نهاية المطاف هوميروس الفائز في المباراة . دفع الفوز الأشبال إلى ما بعد الموسم مرة أخرى بنتيجة 90 - 73 في الموسم العادي . لسوء الحظ ، كانت الخفافيش باردة في أكتوبر ، حيث ضرب نادي المدرب جيم ريجلمان . 183 وسجل أربعة أشواط فقط في طريقه لاكتساحه أتلانتا . من الناحية الإيجابية ، ساعدت مطاردة الركض على أرضه بين سوسا وماكغواير وكين غريفي جونيور البيسبول المحترف على جلب محصول جديد من المشجعين بالإضافة إلى إعادة بعض المشجعين الذين أصيبوا بخيبة أمل من ضربة عام 1994 . احتفظ الأشبال بالعديد من اللاعبين الذين عانوا من سنوات مهنية في عام 98 ، وبعد بداية سريعة في عام 1999 ، انهاروا مرة أخرى ( بدءا من اكتساحهم على يد وايت سوكس عبر المدينة في منتصف يونيو ) وأنهوا في قاع القسم للموسمين التاليين .

هل موسم 98 للأشبال بدأ بنبرة كئيبة بسبب وفاة هاري كاراي؟

<s>[INST] <<SYS>> You are a helpful, respectful and honest assistant. Always answer as helpfully as possible, while being safe. Your answers should not include any harmful, unethical, racist, sexist, toxic, dangerous, or illegal content. Please ensure that your responses are socially unbiased and positive in nature. If a question does not make any sense, or is not factually coherent, explain why instead of answering something not correct. If you don't know the answer to a question, please don't share false information. <</SYS>> Extract from the following context the minimal span word for word that best answers the question. Think step by step and explain your reasoning. Then give the answer in JSON format as follows: ```json { "answer": ... } ``` If the answer is not in the context, the answer should be "?". Question: ما لون قمصان أرسنال خلال موسم 1969-70؟ Context: لسنوات عديدة كانت ألوان أرسنال خارج الديار هي القمصان البيضاء والسراويل السوداء أو البيضاء . في موسم 1969 – 70 ، قدم أرسنال مجموعة من القمصان الصفراء مع شورت أزرق . تم ارتداء هذه المجموعة في نهائي كأس الاتحاد الإنجليزي عام 1971 حيث فاز أرسنال على ليفربول ليحقق الثنائية لأول مرة في تاريخه . وصل أرسنال إلى نهائي كأس الاتحاد الإنجليزي مرة أخرى في العام التالي مرتديا الشريط الأحمر والأبيض وهزم أمام ليدز يونايتد . ثم تنافس أرسنال في ثلاث نهائيات متتالية لكأس الاتحاد الإنجليزي بين عامي 1978 و 1980 مرتديا شريطه الأصفر والأزرق " المحظوظ " ، والذي ظل الشريط الخارجي للنادي حتى إصدار مجموعة خضراء وكحلية خارج الديار في 1982 - 83 . في الموسم التالي ، عاد أرسنال إلى المخطط الأصفر والأزرق ، وإن كان بظل أزرق أغمق من ذي قبل . [/INST] ```json {<answer_start> "answer": "صفراء" <answer_end> } ``` </s>

لسنوات عديدة كانت ألوان أرسنال خارج الديار هي القمصان البيضاء والسراويل السوداء أو البيضاء . في موسم 1969 – 70 ، قدم أرسنال مجموعة من القمصان الصفراء مع شورت أزرق . تم ارتداء هذه المجموعة في نهائي كأس الاتحاد الإنجليزي عام 1971 حيث فاز أرسنال على ليفربول ليحقق الثنائية لأول مرة في تاريخه . وصل أرسنال إلى نهائي كأس الاتحاد الإنجليزي مرة أخرى في العام التالي مرتديا الشريط الأحمر والأبيض وهزم أمام ليدز يونايتد . ثم تنافس أرسنال في ثلاث نهائيات متتالية لكأس الاتحاد الإنجليزي بين عامي 1978 و 1980 مرتديا شريطه الأصفر والأزرق " المحظوظ " ، والذي ظل الشريط الخارجي للنادي حتى إصدار مجموعة خضراء وكحلية خارج الديار في 1982 - 83 . في الموسم التالي ، عاد أرسنال إلى المخطط الأصفر والأزرق ، وإن كان بظل أزرق أغمق من ذي قبل .

ما لون قمصان أرسنال خلال موسم 1969-70؟

<s>[INST] <<SYS>> You are a helpful, respectful and honest assistant. Always answer as helpfully as possible, while being safe. Your answers should not include any harmful, unethical, racist, sexist, toxic, dangerous, or illegal content. Please ensure that your responses are socially unbiased and positive in nature. If a question does not make any sense, or is not factually coherent, explain why instead of answering something not correct. If you don't know the answer to a question, please don't share false information. <</SYS>> Extract from the following context the minimal span word for word that best answers the question. Think step by step and explain your reasoning. Then give the answer in JSON format as follows: ```json { "answer": ... } ``` If the answer is not in the context, the answer should be "?". Question: كيف تشير الأبحاث المبكرة في إيقاعات الساعة البيولوجية إلى تفضيل معظم الناس ليومًا أقرب إلى 25 ساعة عند عزلهم عن المحفزات الخارجية؟ Context: أشارت الأبحاث المبكرة في إيقاعات الساعة البيولوجية إلى أن معظم الناس يفضلون يوما أقرب إلى 25 ساعة عند عزلهم عن المحفزات الخارجية مثل ضوء النهار وضبط الوقت . ومع ذلك ، كان هذا البحث خاطئا لأنه فشل في حماية المشاركين من الضوء الاصطناعي . على الرغم من أن الأشخاص كانوا محميين من إشارات الوقت ( مثل الساعات ) وضوء النهار ، إلا أن الباحثين لم يكونوا على دراية بتأثيرات تأخير الطور للأضواء الكهربائية الداخلية . [مشكوك فيه - مناقشة] سمح للأشخاص بتشغيل الضوء عندما كانوا مستيقظين وإيقاف تشغيله عندما أرادوا النوم . الضوء الكهربائي في المساء أخر مرحلة الساعة البيولوجية . [بحاجة لمصدر] قدرت دراسة أكثر صرامة أجرتها جامعة هارفارد في عام 1999 أن الإيقاع البشري الطبيعي أقرب إلى 24 ساعة و 11 دقيقة : أقرب بكثير إلى اليوم الشمسي ولكنه لا يزال غير متزامن تماما . [/INST] ```json {<answer_start> "answer": "تشير الأبحاث المبكرة إلى تفضيل معظم الناس ليومًا أقرب إلى 25 ساعة." <answer_end> } ``` </s>

أشارت الأبحاث المبكرة في إيقاعات الساعة البيولوجية إلى أن معظم الناس يفضلون يوما أقرب إلى 25 ساعة عند عزلهم عن المحفزات الخارجية مثل ضوء النهار وضبط الوقت . ومع ذلك ، كان هذا البحث خاطئا لأنه فشل في حماية المشاركين من الضوء الاصطناعي . على الرغم من أن الأشخاص كانوا محميين من إشارات الوقت ( مثل الساعات ) وضوء النهار ، إلا أن الباحثين لم يكونوا على دراية بتأثيرات تأخير الطور للأضواء الكهربائية الداخلية . [مشكوك فيه - مناقشة] سمح للأشخاص بتشغيل الضوء عندما كانوا مستيقظين وإيقاف تشغيله عندما أرادوا النوم . الضوء الكهربائي في المساء أخر مرحلة الساعة البيولوجية . [بحاجة لمصدر] قدرت دراسة أكثر صرامة أجرتها جامعة هارفارد في عام 1999 أن الإيقاع البشري الطبيعي أقرب إلى 24 ساعة و 11 دقيقة : أقرب بكثير إلى اليوم الشمسي ولكنه لا يزال غير متزامن تماما .

كيف تشير الأبحاث المبكرة في إيقاعات الساعة البيولوجية إلى تفضيل معظم الناس ليومًا أقرب إلى 25 ساعة عند عزلهم عن المحفزات الخارجية؟

<s>[INST] <<SYS>> You are a helpful, respectful and honest assistant. Always answer as helpfully as possible, while being safe. Your answers should not include any harmful, unethical, racist, sexist, toxic, dangerous, or illegal content. Please ensure that your responses are socially unbiased and positive in nature. If a question does not make any sense, or is not factually coherent, explain why instead of answering something not correct. If you don't know the answer to a question, please don't share false information. <</SYS>> Extract from the following context the minimal span word for word that best answers the question. Think step by step and explain your reasoning. Then give the answer in JSON format as follows: ```json { "answer": ... } ``` If the answer is not in the context, the answer should be "?". Question: كم ولاية في الولايات المتحدة التي لها تاريخ طويل من عدم وجود عقوبة إعدام؟ Context: وتشمل الولايات الأخرى التي لها تاريخ طويل من عدم وجود عقوبة إعدام ويسكونسن ( الولاية الوحيدة التي نفذت فيها عقوبة إعدام واحدة فقط ) ، ورود آيلاند ( على الرغم من إعادة تقديمها لاحقا ، إلا أنها لم تستخدم وألغيت مرة أخرى ) ، ومين ، وداكوتا الشمالية ، ومينيسوتا ، وفرجينيا الغربية ، وأيوا ، وفيرمونت . كما ألغت مقاطعة كولومبيا عقوبة الإعدام ؛ تم استخدامه آخر مرة في عام 1957 . ألغت ولاية أوريغون عقوبة الإعدام بأغلبية ساحقة في استفتاء عام 1964 ولكنها أعادتها في استفتاء مشترك عام 1984 على عقوبة الإعدام - السجن مدى الحياة بهامش أعلى بعد نجاح استفتاء مماثل في عام 1978 ولكن لم يتم تنفيذه بسبب الأحكام القضائية . [/INST] ```json {<answer_start> "answer": "7 ولايات" <answer_end> } ``` </s>

وتشمل الولايات الأخرى التي لها تاريخ طويل من عدم وجود عقوبة إعدام ويسكونسن ( الولاية الوحيدة التي نفذت فيها عقوبة إعدام واحدة فقط ) ، ورود آيلاند ( على الرغم من إعادة تقديمها لاحقا ، إلا أنها لم تستخدم وألغيت مرة أخرى ) ، ومين ، وداكوتا الشمالية ، ومينيسوتا ، وفرجينيا الغربية ، وأيوا ، وفيرمونت . كما ألغت مقاطعة كولومبيا عقوبة الإعدام ؛ تم استخدامه آخر مرة في عام 1957 . ألغت ولاية أوريغون عقوبة الإعدام بأغلبية ساحقة في استفتاء عام 1964 ولكنها أعادتها في استفتاء مشترك عام 1984 على عقوبة الإعدام - السجن مدى الحياة بهامش أعلى بعد نجاح استفتاء مماثل في عام 1978 ولكن لم يتم تنفيذه بسبب الأحكام القضائية .

كم ولاية في الولايات المتحدة التي لها تاريخ طويل من عدم وجود عقوبة إعدام؟

<s>[INST] <<SYS>> You are a helpful, respectful and honest assistant. Always answer as helpfully as possible, while being safe. Your answers should not include any harmful, unethical, racist, sexist, toxic, dangerous, or illegal content. Please ensure that your responses are socially unbiased and positive in nature. If a question does not make any sense, or is not factually coherent, explain why instead of answering something not correct. If you don't know the answer to a question, please don't share false information. <</SYS>> Extract from the following context the minimal span word for word that best answers the question. Think step by step and explain your reasoning. Then give the answer in JSON format as follows: ```json { "answer": ... } ``` If the answer is not in the context, the answer should be "?". Question: كيف يتوقف اللعب في لعبة كرة القدم؟ Context: يتوقف اللعب عندما يتم إجبار ركبة حامل الكرة أو مرفقه أو أي جزء آخر من الجسم باستثناء القدمين واليدين على الأرض ( مقبض ) ؛ عندما لا يتم القبض على تمريرة أمامية على الطاير ( أثناء scrimmage ) ؛ عند تسجيل هبوط ( انظر أدناه ) أو هدف ميداني ؛ عندما تغادر الكرة منطقة اللعب بأي وسيلة ( يتم حملها أو رميها أو تخبطها خارج الحدود ) ؛ أو عندما يكون حامل الكرة في وضع الوقوف ولكنه لم يعد قادرا على التحرك إلى الأمام ( يسمى التقدم إلى الأمام ) . إذا لم يتم تحقيق أي نتيجة ، تبدأ المسرحية التالية من scrimmage . [/INST] ```json {<answer_start> "answer": "يتوقف اللعب عندما يتم إجبار ركبة حامل الكرة أو مرفقه أو أي جزء آخر من الجسم باستثناء القدمين واليدين على الأرض، عندما لا يتم القبض على تمريرة أمامية على الطاير، عند تسجيل هبوط أو هدف ميداني، عندما تغادر الكرة منطقة اللعب بأي وسيلة، أو عندما يكون حامل الكرة في وضع الوقوف ولكنه لم يعد قادرا على التحرك إلى الأمام." <answer_end> } ``` </s>

يتوقف اللعب عندما يتم إجبار ركبة حامل الكرة أو مرفقه أو أي جزء آخر من الجسم باستثناء القدمين واليدين على الأرض ( مقبض ) ؛ عندما لا يتم القبض على تمريرة أمامية على الطاير ( أثناء scrimmage ) ؛ عند تسجيل هبوط ( انظر أدناه ) أو هدف ميداني ؛ عندما تغادر الكرة منطقة اللعب بأي وسيلة ( يتم حملها أو رميها أو تخبطها خارج الحدود ) ؛ أو عندما يكون حامل الكرة في وضع الوقوف ولكنه لم يعد قادرا على التحرك إلى الأمام ( يسمى التقدم إلى الأمام ) . إذا لم يتم تحقيق أي نتيجة ، تبدأ المسرحية التالية من scrimmage .

كيف يتوقف اللعب في لعبة كرة القدم؟

<s>[INST] <<SYS>> You are a helpful, respectful and honest assistant. Always answer as helpfully as possible, while being safe. Your answers should not include any harmful, unethical, racist, sexist, toxic, dangerous, or illegal content. Please ensure that your responses are socially unbiased and positive in nature. If a question does not make any sense, or is not factually coherent, explain why instead of answering something not correct. If you don't know the answer to a question, please don't share false information. <</SYS>> Extract from the following context the minimal span word for word that best answers the question. Think step by step and explain your reasoning. Then give the answer in JSON format as follows: ```json { "answer": ... } ``` If the answer is not in the context, the answer should be "?". Question: كيف تهاجر مجموعات الطيور على طول مسار الطيران؟ Context: تهاجر العديد من مجموعات الطيور لمسافات طويلة على طول مسار الطيران . النمط الأكثر شيوعا ينطوي على الطيران شمالا في الربيع للتكاثر في الصيف المعتدل أو القطب الشمالي والعودة في الخريف إلى مناطق الشتاء في المناطق الأكثر دفئا إلى الجنوب . بالطبع ، في نصف الكرة الجنوبي ، يتم عكس الاتجاهات ، ولكن هناك مساحة أقل من الأرض في أقصى الجنوب لدعم الهجرة لمسافات طويلة . [/INST] ```json {<answer_start> "answer": "بالطيران شمالا في الربيع والعودة في الخريف إلى المناطق الأكثر دفئا إلى الجنوب." <answer_end> } ``` </s>

تهاجر العديد من مجموعات الطيور لمسافات طويلة على طول مسار الطيران . النمط الأكثر شيوعا ينطوي على الطيران شمالا في الربيع للتكاثر في الصيف المعتدل أو القطب الشمالي والعودة في الخريف إلى مناطق الشتاء في المناطق الأكثر دفئا إلى الجنوب . بالطبع ، في نصف الكرة الجنوبي ، يتم عكس الاتجاهات ، ولكن هناك مساحة أقل من الأرض في أقصى الجنوب لدعم الهجرة لمسافات طويلة .

كيف تهاجر مجموعات الطيور على طول مسار الطيران؟

<s>[INST] <<SYS>> You are a helpful, respectful and honest assistant. Always answer as helpfully as possible, while being safe. Your answers should not include any harmful, unethical, racist, sexist, toxic, dangerous, or illegal content. Please ensure that your responses are socially unbiased and positive in nature. If a question does not make any sense, or is not factually coherent, explain why instead of answering something not correct. If you don't know the answer to a question, please don't share false information. <</SYS>> Extract from the following context the minimal span word for word that best answers the question. Think step by step and explain your reasoning. Then give the answer in JSON format as follows: ```json { "answer": ... } ``` If the answer is not in the context, the answer should be "?". Question: من استأجر الولايات المتحدة جنرال موتورز دالاس غرين في عام 1981؟ Context: بعد أكثر من اثني عشر موسما آخر دون المستوى ، في عام 1981 ، استأجرت الأشبال جنرال موتورز دالاس غرين من فيلادلفيا لتحويل الامتياز . كان غرين قد قاد فيليز 1980 إلى لقب السلسلة العالمية . جلبت واحدة من تحركاته جنرال موتورز في وقت مبكر في فيليز لاعب البيسبول 3rd الشباب في الدوري الصغير يدعى راين ساندبرغ ، جنبا إلى جنب مع لاري بوا لإيفان ديخيسوس . أنهى أشبال 1983 71 - 91 تحت قيادة لي إيليا ، الذي أقيل قبل انتهاء الموسم من قبل غرين . واصل غرين ثقافة التغيير وأصلح قائمة الأشبال والمكتب الأمامي والطاقم التدريبي قبل عام 1984 . تم التعاقد مع جيم فراي لإدارة أشبال 1984 ، مع دون زيمر تدريب القاعدة 3rd وبيلي كونورز بمثابة مدرب الترويج . [/INST] ```json {<answer_start> "answer": "الأشبال" <answer_end> } ``` </s>

بعد أكثر من اثني عشر موسما آخر دون المستوى ، في عام 1981 ، استأجرت الأشبال جنرال موتورز دالاس غرين من فيلادلفيا لتحويل الامتياز . كان غرين قد قاد فيليز 1980 إلى لقب السلسلة العالمية . جلبت واحدة من تحركاته جنرال موتورز في وقت مبكر في فيليز لاعب البيسبول 3rd الشباب في الدوري الصغير يدعى راين ساندبرغ ، جنبا إلى جنب مع لاري بوا لإيفان ديخيسوس . أنهى أشبال 1983 71 - 91 تحت قيادة لي إيليا ، الذي أقيل قبل انتهاء الموسم من قبل غرين . واصل غرين ثقافة التغيير وأصلح قائمة الأشبال والمكتب الأمامي والطاقم التدريبي قبل عام 1984 . تم التعاقد مع جيم فراي لإدارة أشبال 1984 ، مع دون زيمر تدريب القاعدة 3rd وبيلي كونورز بمثابة مدرب الترويج .

من استأجر الولايات المتحدة جنرال موتورز دالاس غرين في عام 1981؟

<s>[INST] <<SYS>> You are a helpful, respectful and honest assistant. Always answer as helpfully as possible, while being safe. Your answers should not include any harmful, unethical, racist, sexist, toxic, dangerous, or illegal content. Please ensure that your responses are socially unbiased and positive in nature. If a question does not make any sense, or is not factually coherent, explain why instead of answering something not correct. If you don't know the answer to a question, please don't share false information. <</SYS>> Extract from the following context the minimal span word for word that best answers the question. Think step by step and explain your reasoning. Then give the answer in JSON format as follows: ```json { "answer": ... } ``` If the answer is not in the context, the answer should be "?". Question: ما هي الحركة السياسية التي تهدف إلى تحويل الفلبين إلى دولة أمريكية؟ Context: كان لدى الفلبين حركات شعبية صغيرة من أجل إقامة دولة أمريكية . كان الحزب في الأصل جزءا من برنامج الحزب التقدمي ، الذي كان يعرف آنذاك باسم الحزب الفيدرالي ، وأسقطه في عام 1907 ، والذي تزامن مع تغيير الاسم . في عام 2004 ، كان مفهوم تحول الفلبين إلى دولة أمريكية جزءا من برنامج سياسي في الفلبين . ومن بين مؤيدي هذه الحركة الفلبينيون الذين يعتقدون أن نوعية الحياة في الفلبين ستكون أعلى وأنه سيكون هناك فقر أقل إذا كانت الفلبين دولة أو إقليما أمريكيا . ومن بين المؤيدين أيضا الفلبينيون الذين قاتلوا كأعضاء في القوات المسلحة للولايات المتحدة في حروب مختلفة خلال فترة الكومنولث . [/INST] ```json {<answer_start> "answer": "الحركة السياسية التي تهدف إلى تحويل الفلبين إلى دولة أمريكية هي الحزب التقدمي." <answer_end> } ``` </s>

كان لدى الفلبين حركات شعبية صغيرة من أجل إقامة دولة أمريكية . كان الحزب في الأصل جزءا من برنامج الحزب التقدمي ، الذي كان يعرف آنذاك باسم الحزب الفيدرالي ، وأسقطه في عام 1907 ، والذي تزامن مع تغيير الاسم . في عام 2004 ، كان مفهوم تحول الفلبين إلى دولة أمريكية جزءا من برنامج سياسي في الفلبين . ومن بين مؤيدي هذه الحركة الفلبينيون الذين يعتقدون أن نوعية الحياة في الفلبين ستكون أعلى وأنه سيكون هناك فقر أقل إذا كانت الفلبين دولة أو إقليما أمريكيا . ومن بين المؤيدين أيضا الفلبينيون الذين قاتلوا كأعضاء في القوات المسلحة للولايات المتحدة في حروب مختلفة خلال فترة الكومنولث .

ما هي الحركة السياسية التي تهدف إلى تحويل الفلبين إلى دولة أمريكية؟

<s>[INST] <<SYS>> You are a helpful, respectful and honest assistant. Always answer as helpfully as possible, while being safe. Your answers should not include any harmful, unethical, racist, sexist, toxic, dangerous, or illegal content. Please ensure that your responses are socially unbiased and positive in nature. If a question does not make any sense, or is not factually coherent, explain why instead of answering something not correct. If you don't know the answer to a question, please don't share false information. <</SYS>> Extract from the following context the minimal span word for word that best answers the question. Think step by step and explain your reasoning. Then give the answer in JSON format as follows: ```json { "answer": ... } ``` If the answer is not in the context, the answer should be "?". Question: كم عدد القمم التي ترتفع أكثر من 2500 قدم في ولاية بنسلفانيا؟ Context: في ولاية بنسلفانيا ، هناك أكثر من ستين قمة ترتفع أكثر من 2500 قدم ( 800 متر ) ؛ ترتفع قمم جبل ديفيس والمقبض الأزرق أكثر من 3000 قدم ( 900 متر ) . في ولاية ماريلاند ، تعد إيجل روك وجبل دانز نقطتين واضحتين تصل إلى 3 ، 162 قدما ( 964 مترا ) و 2 ، 882 قدما ( 878 مترا ) على التوالي . على نفس الجانب من الوادي العظيم ، جنوب بوتوماك ، توجد Pinnacle 3 , 007 قدم ( 917 م ) و Pidgeon Roost 3 , 400 قدم ( 1 , 000 م ) . في ولاية فرجينيا الغربية ، ترتفع أكثر من 150 قمة فوق 4000 قدم ( 1200 متر ) ، بما في ذلك Spruce Knob 4863 قدما ( 1482 مترا ) ، وهي أعلى نقطة في جبال أليغني . يرتفع عدد من النقاط الأخرى في الولاية فوق 4 , 800 قدم ( 1 , 500 متر ) . يعد جبل Snowshoe في Thorny Flat 4 , 848 قدما ( 1 , 478 مترا ) و Bald Knob 4 , 842 قدما ( 1 , 476 مترا ) من بين القمم الأكثر بروزا في ولاية فرجينيا الغربية . [/INST] ```json {<answer_start> "answer": "أكثر من ستين قمة" <answer_end> } ``` </s>

في ولاية بنسلفانيا ، هناك أكثر من ستين قمة ترتفع أكثر من 2500 قدم ( 800 متر ) ؛ ترتفع قمم جبل ديفيس والمقبض الأزرق أكثر من 3000 قدم ( 900 متر ) . في ولاية ماريلاند ، تعد إيجل روك وجبل دانز نقطتين واضحتين تصل إلى 3 ، 162 قدما ( 964 مترا ) و 2 ، 882 قدما ( 878 مترا ) على التوالي . على نفس الجانب من الوادي العظيم ، جنوب بوتوماك ، توجد Pinnacle 3 , 007 قدم ( 917 م ) و Pidgeon Roost 3 , 400 قدم ( 1 , 000 م ) . في ولاية فرجينيا الغربية ، ترتفع أكثر من 150 قمة فوق 4000 قدم ( 1200 متر ) ، بما في ذلك Spruce Knob 4863 قدما ( 1482 مترا ) ، وهي أعلى نقطة في جبال أليغني . يرتفع عدد من النقاط الأخرى في الولاية فوق 4 , 800 قدم ( 1 , 500 متر ) . يعد جبل Snowshoe في Thorny Flat 4 , 848 قدما ( 1 , 478 مترا ) و Bald Knob 4 , 842 قدما ( 1 , 476 مترا ) من بين القمم الأكثر بروزا في ولاية فرجينيا الغربية .

كم عدد القمم التي ترتفع أكثر من 2500 قدم في ولاية بنسلفانيا؟

<s>[INST] <<SYS>> You are a helpful, respectful and honest assistant. Always answer as helpfully as possible, while being safe. Your answers should not include any harmful, unethical, racist, sexist, toxic, dangerous, or illegal content. Please ensure that your responses are socially unbiased and positive in nature. If a question does not make any sense, or is not factually coherent, explain why instead of answering something not correct. If you don't know the answer to a question, please don't share false information. <</SYS>> Extract from the following context the minimal span word for word that best answers the question. Think step by step and explain your reasoning. Then give the answer in JSON format as follows: ```json { "answer": ... } ``` If the answer is not in the context, the answer should be "?". Question: كيف تم تسمية سكان المنطقة في الأدب الكلاسيكي؟ Context: تفاعل الرومان مع أجزاء من موريتانيا واحتلوها لاحقا ، وهي دولة مبكرة غطت المغرب الحديث وغرب الجزائر والمدينتين الإسبانيتين سبتة ومليلية خلال الفترة الكلاسيكية . لوحظ سكان المنطقة في الأدب الكلاسيكي باسم الماوري ، والذي تم تقديمه لاحقا باسم المغاربة باللغة الإنجليزية . [/INST] ```json {<answer_start> "answer": "باسم الماوري" <answer_end> } ``` </s>

تفاعل الرومان مع أجزاء من موريتانيا واحتلوها لاحقا ، وهي دولة مبكرة غطت المغرب الحديث وغرب الجزائر والمدينتين الإسبانيتين سبتة ومليلية خلال الفترة الكلاسيكية . لوحظ سكان المنطقة في الأدب الكلاسيكي باسم الماوري ، والذي تم تقديمه لاحقا باسم المغاربة باللغة الإنجليزية .

كيف تم تسمية سكان المنطقة في الأدب الكلاسيكي؟

<s>[INST] <<SYS>> You are a helpful, respectful and honest assistant. Always answer as helpfully as possible, while being safe. Your answers should not include any harmful, unethical, racist, sexist, toxic, dangerous, or illegal content. Please ensure that your responses are socially unbiased and positive in nature. If a question does not make any sense, or is not factually coherent, explain why instead of answering something not correct. If you don't know the answer to a question, please don't share false information. <</SYS>> Extract from the following context the minimal span word for word that best answers the question. Think step by step and explain your reasoning. Then give the answer in JSON format as follows: ```json { "answer": ... } ``` If the answer is not in the context, the answer should be "?". Question: كيف بدأت التحقيقات في الإشارات المرسلة بعد إطلاق البوصلة - M1؟ Context: وبدأ التحقيق في الإشارات المرسلة مباشرة بعد إطلاق البوصلة - M1 في 14 نيسان - أبريل 2007 . بعد فترة وجيزة في يونيو 2007 ، أبلغ المهندسون في CNES عن طيف وهيكل الإشارات . بعد شهر ، أبلغ باحثون من جامعة ستانفورد عن فك تشفير كامل لمكونات إشارات " I " . سمحت معرفة الرموز لمجموعة من المهندسين في Septentrio ببناء مستقبل COMPASS والإبلاغ عن خصائص التتبع والمسارات المتعددة لإشارات " I " على E2 و E5B . [/INST] ```json {<answer_start> "answer": "بدأت التحقيقات مباشرة بعد إطلاق البوصلة - M1" <answer_end> } ``` </s>

وبدأ التحقيق في الإشارات المرسلة مباشرة بعد إطلاق البوصلة - M1 في 14 نيسان - أبريل 2007 . بعد فترة وجيزة في يونيو 2007 ، أبلغ المهندسون في CNES عن طيف وهيكل الإشارات . بعد شهر ، أبلغ باحثون من جامعة ستانفورد عن فك تشفير كامل لمكونات إشارات " I " . سمحت معرفة الرموز لمجموعة من المهندسين في Septentrio ببناء مستقبل COMPASS والإبلاغ عن خصائص التتبع والمسارات المتعددة لإشارات " I " على E2 و E5B .

كيف بدأت التحقيقات في الإشارات المرسلة بعد إطلاق البوصلة - M1؟

<s>[INST] <<SYS>> You are a helpful, respectful and honest assistant. Always answer as helpfully as possible, while being safe. Your answers should not include any harmful, unethical, racist, sexist, toxic, dangerous, or illegal content. Please ensure that your responses are socially unbiased and positive in nature. If a question does not make any sense, or is not factually coherent, explain why instead of answering something not correct. If you don't know the answer to a question, please don't share false information. <</SYS>> Extract from the following context the minimal span word for word that best answers the question. Think step by step and explain your reasoning. Then give the answer in JSON format as follows: ```json { "answer": ... } ``` If the answer is not in the context, the answer should be "?". Question: ماذا كتب ألبان بتلر عن هذا الموضوع؟ Context: كتب ألبان بتلر عن هذا الموضوع : " بعد خمسة أشهر من هذا المجمع العظيم ، أوصى نيقية ، القديس ألكسندر المستلقي على فراش الموت ، لرجال الدين والشعب باختيار أثناسيوس لخليفته ، مكررا اسمه ثلاث مرات . ونتيجة لتوصيته ، اجتمع أساقفة مصر جمعاء في الإسكندرية ، ووجدوا الشعب ورجال الدين بالإجماع في اختيارهم أثناسيوس بطريركا ، وأكدوا الانتخابات في منتصف عام 326 تقريبا . يبدو ، إذن ، أنه كان يبلغ من العمر حوالي ثلاثين عاما . " [/INST] ```json {<answer_start> "answer": ""بعد خمسة أشهر من هذا المجمع العظيم ، أوصى نيقية ، القديس ألكسندر المستلقي على فراش الموت ، لرجال الدين والشعب باختيار أثناسيوس لخليفته ، مكررا اسمه ثلاث مرات. ونتيجة لتوصيته ، اجتمع أساقفة مصر جمعاء في الإسكندرية ، ووجدوا الشعب ورجال الدين بالإجماع في اختيارهم أثناسيوس بطريركا ، وأكدوا الانتخابات في منتصف عام 326 تقريبا. يبدو ، إذن ، أنه كان يبلغ من العمر حوالي ثلاثين عاما."" <answer_end> } ``` </s>

كتب ألبان بتلر عن هذا الموضوع : " بعد خمسة أشهر من هذا المجمع العظيم ، أوصى نيقية ، القديس ألكسندر المستلقي على فراش الموت ، لرجال الدين والشعب باختيار أثناسيوس لخليفته ، مكررا اسمه ثلاث مرات . ونتيجة لتوصيته ، اجتمع أساقفة مصر جمعاء في الإسكندرية ، ووجدوا الشعب ورجال الدين بالإجماع في اختيارهم أثناسيوس بطريركا ، وأكدوا الانتخابات في منتصف عام 326 تقريبا . يبدو ، إذن ، أنه كان يبلغ من العمر حوالي ثلاثين عاما . "

ماذا كتب ألبان بتلر عن هذا الموضوع؟

<s>[INST] <<SYS>> You are a helpful, respectful and honest assistant. Always answer as helpfully as possible, while being safe. Your answers should not include any harmful, unethical, racist, sexist, toxic, dangerous, or illegal content. Please ensure that your responses are socially unbiased and positive in nature. If a question does not make any sense, or is not factually coherent, explain why instead of answering something not correct. If you don't know the answer to a question, please don't share false information. <</SYS>> Extract from the following context the minimal span word for word that best answers the question. Think step by step and explain your reasoning. Then give the answer in JSON format as follows: ```json { "answer": ... } ``` If the answer is not in the context, the answer should be "?". Question: كم بلغ عدد الأشخاص الذين يمتلكون هواتف في الولايات المتحدة بحلول عام 1886؟ Context: تم إنشاء شركة بيل للهاتف في عام 1877 ، وبحلول عام 1886 ، كان أكثر من 150 ، 000 شخص في الولايات المتحدة يمتلكون هواتف . أجرى مهندسو شركة بيل العديد من التحسينات الأخرى على الهاتف ، والذي برز كواحد من أنجح المنتجات على الإطلاق . في عام 1879 ، حصلت شركة بيل على براءات اختراع إديسون للميكروفون الكربوني من ويسترن يونيون . هذا جعل الهاتف عمليا لمسافات أطول ، ولم يعد من الضروري الصراخ ليتم سماعه في الهاتف المستقبل . [/INST] ```json {<answer_start> "answer": "أكثر من 150,000 شخص" <answer_end> } ``` </s>

تم إنشاء شركة بيل للهاتف في عام 1877 ، وبحلول عام 1886 ، كان أكثر من 150 ، 000 شخص في الولايات المتحدة يمتلكون هواتف . أجرى مهندسو شركة بيل العديد من التحسينات الأخرى على الهاتف ، والذي برز كواحد من أنجح المنتجات على الإطلاق . في عام 1879 ، حصلت شركة بيل على براءات اختراع إديسون للميكروفون الكربوني من ويسترن يونيون . هذا جعل الهاتف عمليا لمسافات أطول ، ولم يعد من الضروري الصراخ ليتم سماعه في الهاتف المستقبل .

كم بلغ عدد الأشخاص الذين يمتلكون هواتف في الولايات المتحدة بحلول عام 1886؟

<s>[INST] <<SYS>> You are a helpful, respectful and honest assistant. Always answer as helpfully as possible, while being safe. Your answers should not include any harmful, unethical, racist, sexist, toxic, dangerous, or illegal content. Please ensure that your responses are socially unbiased and positive in nature. If a question does not make any sense, or is not factually coherent, explain why instead of answering something not correct. If you don't know the answer to a question, please don't share false information. <</SYS>> Extract from the following context the minimal span word for word that best answers the question. Think step by step and explain your reasoning. Then give the answer in JSON format as follows: ```json { "answer": ... } ``` If the answer is not in the context, the answer should be "?". Question: كيف كانت التوقفات المستنشقة وعديمة الصوت في اليونانية خلال فترة كوين اليونانية؟ Context: في وقت لاحق ، خلال فترة كوين اليونانية ، كانت التوقفات المستنشقة وعديمة الصوت - th d - من اليونانية العلية متساهلة مع الاحتكاكات التي لا صوت لها والمعبر عنها ، مما أدى إلى - - في اليونانية في العصور الوسطى والحديثة . [/INST] ```json {<answer_start> "answer": "متساهلة مع الاحتكاكات التي لا صوت لها والمعبر عنها" <answer_end> } ``` </s>

في وقت لاحق ، خلال فترة كوين اليونانية ، كانت التوقفات المستنشقة وعديمة الصوت - th d - من اليونانية العلية متساهلة مع الاحتكاكات التي لا صوت لها والمعبر عنها ، مما أدى إلى - - في اليونانية في العصور الوسطى والحديثة .

كيف كانت التوقفات المستنشقة وعديمة الصوت في اليونانية خلال فترة كوين اليونانية؟

<s>[INST] <<SYS>> You are a helpful, respectful and honest assistant. Always answer as helpfully as possible, while being safe. Your answers should not include any harmful, unethical, racist, sexist, toxic, dangerous, or illegal content. Please ensure that your responses are socially unbiased and positive in nature. If a question does not make any sense, or is not factually coherent, explain why instead of answering something not correct. If you don't know the answer to a question, please don't share false information. <</SYS>> Extract from the following context the minimal span word for word that best answers the question. Think step by step and explain your reasoning. Then give the answer in JSON format as follows: ```json { "answer": ... } ``` If the answer is not in the context, the answer should be "?". Question: كيف يختلف الانعطاف اللفظي الكاتالوني عن الانعطاف اللفظي في اللغات الرومانسية الأخرى؟ Context: مثل جميع اللغات الرومانسية ، فإن الانعطاف اللفظي الكاتالوني أكثر تعقيدا من الاسمي . اللاحقة موجودة في كل مكان ، في حين تلعب التناوب المورفولوجي دورا ثانويا . تنشط بدائل حروف العلة ، بالإضافة إلى التثبيت والليونة . ومع ذلك ، فإن هذه ليست منتجة كما هو الحال في الإسبانية ، وتقتصر في الغالب على الأفعال غير المنتظمة . [/INST] ```json {<answer_start> "answer": "الانعطاف اللفظي الكاتالوني أكثر تعقيداً في مقارنته باللغات الرومانسية الأخرى." <answer_end> } ``` </s>

مثل جميع اللغات الرومانسية ، فإن الانعطاف اللفظي الكاتالوني أكثر تعقيدا من الاسمي . اللاحقة موجودة في كل مكان ، في حين تلعب التناوب المورفولوجي دورا ثانويا . تنشط بدائل حروف العلة ، بالإضافة إلى التثبيت والليونة . ومع ذلك ، فإن هذه ليست منتجة كما هو الحال في الإسبانية ، وتقتصر في الغالب على الأفعال غير المنتظمة .

كيف يختلف الانعطاف اللفظي الكاتالوني عن الانعطاف اللفظي في اللغات الرومانسية الأخرى؟

<s>[INST] <<SYS>> You are a helpful, respectful and honest assistant. Always answer as helpfully as possible, while being safe. Your answers should not include any harmful, unethical, racist, sexist, toxic, dangerous, or illegal content. Please ensure that your responses are socially unbiased and positive in nature. If a question does not make any sense, or is not factually coherent, explain why instead of answering something not correct. If you don't know the answer to a question, please don't share false information. <</SYS>> Extract from the following context the minimal span word for word that best answers the question. Think step by step and explain your reasoning. Then give the answer in JSON format as follows: ```json { "answer": ... } ``` If the answer is not in the context, the answer should be "?". Question: كم جولة منزلية لدى سامي سوسا في الشهر؟ Context: في يونيو 1998 ، انفجر سامي سوسا في السعي وراء سجل روجر ماريس في الركض المنزلي . كان لدى سوسا 13 جولة منزلية في الشهر ، وهو ما يمثل أقل من نصف إجمالي مارك ماكجواير . خاض سوسا أول مباراة له من أصل أربع مباريات على أرضه في ذلك الشهر في 1 يونيو ، واستمر في تحطيم الرقم القياسي لرودي يورك مع 20 شوطا على أرضه في الشهر ، وهو رقم قياسي لا يزال قائما . وبحلول نهاية شهره التاريخي ، تعادل اللاعب الخارجي في 33 مباراة على أرضه مع كين غريفي جونيور وتركه متأخرا بأربعة أهداف فقط عن ماكغواير البالغ 37 هدفا . أنهى سوسا برصيد 66 وفاز بجائزة NL MVP . [/INST] ```json {<answer_start> "answer": "لدى سامي سوسا 13 جولة منزلية في الشهر" <answer_end> } ``` </s>

في يونيو 1998 ، انفجر سامي سوسا في السعي وراء سجل روجر ماريس في الركض المنزلي . كان لدى سوسا 13 جولة منزلية في الشهر ، وهو ما يمثل أقل من نصف إجمالي مارك ماكجواير . خاض سوسا أول مباراة له من أصل أربع مباريات على أرضه في ذلك الشهر في 1 يونيو ، واستمر في تحطيم الرقم القياسي لرودي يورك مع 20 شوطا على أرضه في الشهر ، وهو رقم قياسي لا يزال قائما . وبحلول نهاية شهره التاريخي ، تعادل اللاعب الخارجي في 33 مباراة على أرضه مع كين غريفي جونيور وتركه متأخرا بأربعة أهداف فقط عن ماكغواير البالغ 37 هدفا . أنهى سوسا برصيد 66 وفاز بجائزة NL MVP .

كم جولة منزلية لدى سامي سوسا في الشهر؟

<s>[INST] <<SYS>> You are a helpful, respectful and honest assistant. Always answer as helpfully as possible, while being safe. Your answers should not include any harmful, unethical, racist, sexist, toxic, dangerous, or illegal content. Please ensure that your responses are socially unbiased and positive in nature. If a question does not make any sense, or is not factually coherent, explain why instead of answering something not correct. If you don't know the answer to a question, please don't share false information. <</SYS>> Extract from the following context the minimal span word for word that best answers the question. Think step by step and explain your reasoning. Then give the answer in JSON format as follows: ```json { "answer": ... } ``` If the answer is not in the context, the answer should be "?". Question: ما هو القانون الأساسي في كرة القدم؟ Context: القانون الأساسي هو أن اللاعبين بخلاف حراس المرمى لا يجوز لهم التعامل عمدا مع الكرة بأيديهم أو أذرعهم أثناء اللعب ، على الرغم من أنهم يستخدمون أيديهم أثناء إعادة التشغيل . على الرغم من أن اللاعبين عادة ما يستخدمون أقدامهم لتحريك الكرة ، إلا أنهم قد يستخدمون أي جزء من أجسامهم ( خاصة " الرأس " مع الجبهة ) بخلاف أيديهم أو أذرعهم . ضمن اللعب العادي ، يتمتع جميع اللاعبين بحرية لعب الكرة في أي اتجاه والتحرك في جميع أنحاء الملعب ، على الرغم من أنه لا يمكن استلام الكرة في وضع تسلل . [/INST] ```json {<answer_start> "answer": "القانون الأساسي هو أن اللاعبين بخلاف حراس المرمى لا يجوز لهم التعامل عمدا مع الكرة بأيديهم أو أذرعهم أثناء اللعب." <answer_end> } ``` </s>

القانون الأساسي هو أن اللاعبين بخلاف حراس المرمى لا يجوز لهم التعامل عمدا مع الكرة بأيديهم أو أذرعهم أثناء اللعب ، على الرغم من أنهم يستخدمون أيديهم أثناء إعادة التشغيل . على الرغم من أن اللاعبين عادة ما يستخدمون أقدامهم لتحريك الكرة ، إلا أنهم قد يستخدمون أي جزء من أجسامهم ( خاصة " الرأس " مع الجبهة ) بخلاف أيديهم أو أذرعهم . ضمن اللعب العادي ، يتمتع جميع اللاعبين بحرية لعب الكرة في أي اتجاه والتحرك في جميع أنحاء الملعب ، على الرغم من أنه لا يمكن استلام الكرة في وضع تسلل .

ما هو القانون الأساسي في كرة القدم؟

<s>[INST] <<SYS>> You are a helpful, respectful and honest assistant. Always answer as helpfully as possible, while being safe. Your answers should not include any harmful, unethical, racist, sexist, toxic, dangerous, or illegal content. Please ensure that your responses are socially unbiased and positive in nature. If a question does not make any sense, or is not factually coherent, explain why instead of answering something not correct. If you don't know the answer to a question, please don't share false information. <</SYS>> Extract from the following context the minimal span word for word that best answers the question. Think step by step and explain your reasoning. Then give the answer in JSON format as follows: ```json { "answer": ... } ``` If the answer is not in the context, the answer should be "?". Question: كيف تم إطلاق أول ساتل من طراز BeiDou - 2؟ Context: وفي نيسان - أبريل 2007 ، وضع بنجاح أول ساتل من طراز BeiDou - 2 ، وهو Compass - M1 ( للتحقق من صحة ترددات كوكبة BeiDou - 2 ) في مدار عمله . وأطلق الساتل الثاني من كوكبة بيدو - 2 كومباس - جي 2 في 15 نيسان - أبريل 2009 . في 15 يناير 2010 ، تم تشغيل الموقع الرسمي لنظام BeiDou Navigation Satellite System ، وتم نقل القمر الصناعي الثالث للنظام ( Compass - G1 ) إلى مداره بواسطة صاروخ Long March 3C في 17 يناير 2010 . وفي 2 حزيران - يونيه 2010 ، أطلق الساتل الرابع بنجاح إلى المدار . تم إطلاق المركبة المدارية الخامسة إلى الفضاء من مركز شيتشانغ لإطلاق الأقمار الصناعية بواسطة صاروخ حامل LM - 3I في 1 أغسطس 2010 . وبعد ثلاثة أشهر ، في 1 تشرين الثاني - نوفمبر 2010 ، أرسل الساتل السادس إلى المدار بواسطة LM - 3C . تم إطلاق قمر صناعي آخر ، وهو Beidou - 2 - Compass IGSO - 5 ( المدار الجيومتزامن المائل الخامس ) ، من مركز إطلاق الأقمار الصناعية Xichang بواسطة Long March - 3A في 1 ديسمبر 2011 ( UTC ) . [/INST] ```json {<answer_start> "answer": "بنجاح في نيسان - أبريل 2007" <answer_end> } ``` </s>

وفي نيسان - أبريل 2007 ، وضع بنجاح أول ساتل من طراز BeiDou - 2 ، وهو Compass - M1 ( للتحقق من صحة ترددات كوكبة BeiDou - 2 ) في مدار عمله . وأطلق الساتل الثاني من كوكبة بيدو - 2 كومباس - جي 2 في 15 نيسان - أبريل 2009 . في 15 يناير 2010 ، تم تشغيل الموقع الرسمي لنظام BeiDou Navigation Satellite System ، وتم نقل القمر الصناعي الثالث للنظام ( Compass - G1 ) إلى مداره بواسطة صاروخ Long March 3C في 17 يناير 2010 . وفي 2 حزيران - يونيه 2010 ، أطلق الساتل الرابع بنجاح إلى المدار . تم إطلاق المركبة المدارية الخامسة إلى الفضاء من مركز شيتشانغ لإطلاق الأقمار الصناعية بواسطة صاروخ حامل LM - 3I في 1 أغسطس 2010 . وبعد ثلاثة أشهر ، في 1 تشرين الثاني - نوفمبر 2010 ، أرسل الساتل السادس إلى المدار بواسطة LM - 3C . تم إطلاق قمر صناعي آخر ، وهو Beidou - 2 - Compass IGSO - 5 ( المدار الجيومتزامن المائل الخامس ) ، من مركز إطلاق الأقمار الصناعية Xichang بواسطة Long March - 3A في 1 ديسمبر 2011 ( UTC ) .

كيف تم إطلاق أول ساتل من طراز BeiDou - 2؟

<s>[INST] <<SYS>> You are a helpful, respectful and honest assistant. Always answer as helpfully as possible, while being safe. Your answers should not include any harmful, unethical, racist, sexist, toxic, dangerous, or illegal content. Please ensure that your responses are socially unbiased and positive in nature. If a question does not make any sense, or is not factually coherent, explain why instead of answering something not correct. If you don't know the answer to a question, please don't share false information. <</SYS>> Extract from the following context the minimal span word for word that best answers the question. Think step by step and explain your reasoning. Then give the answer in JSON format as follows: ```json { "answer": ... } ``` If the answer is not in the context, the answer should be "?". Question: ما هي السمات الأسلوبية التي تم نقلها داخل الموسيقى الكلاسيكية في القرن 20؟ Context: تعتمد غالبية تصميمات الهوائيات على مبدأ الرنين . ويعتمد ذلك على سلوك الإلكترونات المتحركة ، التي تنعكس عن الأسطح التي يتغير فيها ثابت العزل الكهربائي ، بطريقة مشابهة للطريقة التي ينعكس بها الضوء عند تغير الخصائص البصرية . في هذه التصاميم ، يتم إنشاء السطح العاكس بنهاية الموصل ، وعادة ما يكون سلك أو قضيب معدني رفيع ، والذي يحتوي في أبسط الحالات على نقطة تغذية في أحد طرفيه حيث يتم توصيله بخط نقل . يتم محاذاة الموصل ، أو العنصر ، مع المجال الكهربائي للإشارة المطلوبة ، مما يعني عادة أنه عمودي على الخط من الهوائي إلى المصدر ( أو المستقبل في حالة هوائي البث ) . [/INST] ```json {<answer_start> "answer": "عمودي على الخط من الهوائي إلى المصدر ( أو المستقبل في حالة هوائي البث )" <answer_end> } ``` </s>

تعتمد غالبية تصميمات الهوائيات على مبدأ الرنين . ويعتمد ذلك على سلوك الإلكترونات المتحركة ، التي تنعكس عن الأسطح التي يتغير فيها ثابت العزل الكهربائي ، بطريقة مشابهة للطريقة التي ينعكس بها الضوء عند تغير الخصائص البصرية . في هذه التصاميم ، يتم إنشاء السطح العاكس بنهاية الموصل ، وعادة ما يكون سلك أو قضيب معدني رفيع ، والذي يحتوي في أبسط الحالات على نقطة تغذية في أحد طرفيه حيث يتم توصيله بخط نقل . يتم محاذاة الموصل ، أو العنصر ، مع المجال الكهربائي للإشارة المطلوبة ، مما يعني عادة أنه عمودي على الخط من الهوائي إلى المصدر ( أو المستقبل في حالة هوائي البث ) .

ما هي السمات الأسلوبية التي تم نقلها داخل الموسيقى الكلاسيكية في القرن 20؟

<s>[INST] <<SYS>> You are a helpful, respectful and honest assistant. Always answer as helpfully as possible, while being safe. Your answers should not include any harmful, unethical, racist, sexist, toxic, dangerous, or illegal content. Please ensure that your responses are socially unbiased and positive in nature. If a question does not make any sense, or is not factually coherent, explain why instead of answering something not correct. If you don't know the answer to a question, please don't share false information. <</SYS>> Extract from the following context the minimal span word for word that best answers the question. Think step by step and explain your reasoning. Then give the answer in JSON format as follows: ```json { "answer": ... } ``` If the answer is not in the context, the answer should be "?". Question: ما هو أصل كلمة "موروس" في اللاتينية؟ Context: ادعى إيزيدور من إشبيلية ، الذي كتب في القرن 7th ، أن الكلمة اللاتينية Maurus مشتقة من الميرون اليوناني ، ، وهي الكلمة اليونانية للأسود . في الواقع ، بحلول الوقت الذي جاء فيه إيزيدور من إشبيلية لكتابة أصوله ، أصبحت كلمة موروس أو " مور " صفة في اللاتينية ، " لأن الإغريق يدعون الأسود ، مورون " . " في أيام إيزيدور ، كان المغاربة سودا بحكم تعريفهم . . " [/INST] ```json {<answer_start> "answer": "مشتقة من الميرون اليوناني" <answer_end> } ``` </s>

ادعى إيزيدور من إشبيلية ، الذي كتب في القرن 7th ، أن الكلمة اللاتينية Maurus مشتقة من الميرون اليوناني ، ، وهي الكلمة اليونانية للأسود . في الواقع ، بحلول الوقت الذي جاء فيه إيزيدور من إشبيلية لكتابة أصوله ، أصبحت كلمة موروس أو " مور " صفة في اللاتينية ، " لأن الإغريق يدعون الأسود ، مورون " . " في أيام إيزيدور ، كان المغاربة سودا بحكم تعريفهم . . "

ما هو أصل كلمة "موروس" في اللاتينية؟