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23089335_11 | Although demographic characteristics distinguished all trajectory classes , adverse health characteristics distinguished the overweight and obese classes from the normal-weight class , but not from each other . | [
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23089335_12 | Problems associated with education and health are present at study entry and should be addressed earlier in life . | [
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22947917_0 | Molecular dynamics ( MD ) simulations of the single-stranded DNA trinucleotide TG*G* , with the G* guanines crosslinked by the antitumor drug cisplatin , were performed with explicit representation of the water as solvent . | [
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22947917_1 | The purpose of the simulations was to explain previous NMR observations indicating that in single-stranded cisplatin-DNA adducts , the crosslinked guanines adopt a left-handed helical orientation , whereas in duplexes , the orientation is right-handed . | [
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22947917_2 | The analysis of the MD trajectory of TG*G* has ascribed a crucial role to hydrogen-bonding ( direct or through-water ) interactions of the 5'-oriented NH(3) ligand of platinum with acceptor groups at the 5'-side of the crosslink , namely the TpG* phosphate and the terminal 5'-OH group . | [
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22947917_3 | These interactions bring about some strain into the trinucleotide which is slightly but significantly ( 1-1.5 kcal.mol(-1) ) higher for the right-handed orientation than for the left-handed one . | [
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22947917_4 | During the unconstrained , 3 ns long MD simulation , left-handed conformations were times more abundant than the right-handed ones . | [
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22947917_5 | This sampling difference agrees roughly with the calculated energy difference in strain energy . | [
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22947917_6 | Overall , these results show that the Pt-GG crosslink within single-stranded DNA is malleable and can access different conformations at a moderate energy cost . | [
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22947917_7 | This malleability could be of importance in interactions between the platinated DNA and cellular proteins , in which the DNA is locally unwound . | [
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12549857_0 | An in vitro angiogenesis system was designed for screening angiogenic agonists and antagonists . | [
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12549857_1 | In order to obtain large quantities of cells and reproducibility , human endothelial cells with extended life spans were developed by retroviral transfection . | [
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12549857_2 | The resulting cells grown in a serum-free medium containing endothelial cell growth supplement ( ECGS ) have a telomerase activity , extended life spans of at least 21 passages , and an endothelial cell phenotype ( diI-acetylated-LDL upake , factor VIII-related antigen , VEGFR-1 and R-2 , and tissue-type plasminogen activator ( tPA) ) that resembled that of unaltered primary endothelial cells . | [
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12549857_3 | Exceptions were ( i ) a higher expression of tPA , and ( ii ) a non-significant growth response to FGF-2 or VEGF stimulation . | [
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12549857_4 | Within three-dimensional fibrin gels , specific cell clones rapidly formed tubular structures in a more reproducible manner than those observed with low-passage primary cells . | [
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12549857_5 | Tube formation by primary endothelial cells and those with extended life spans was dependent upon FGF-2 and ECGS , respectively . | [
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12549857_6 | Both cell types produced FGF-2 and VEGF cytokines . | [
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12549857_7 | Increasing doses of suramin significantly decreased the size of microvessels formed by both cell lines . | [
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12549857_8 | These functional results indicate that a vascular matrix system containing human cells with extended life spans can be successfully utilized as an in vitro assay for antiangiogenic compounds . | [
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