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uhvegr
[Duncan Yo Yo's 1976](https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=dfqykR14O3Y)
It was a huge fad at our school. I was actually trying to remember if this came before or after the clickety clacks. But for a while everyone had a yoyo. IIRC, the trick is in the tensioning of the string. The string splits and rejoins around the hub, the center of the yoyo. In normal use, the string twists and gets tighter around the hub. So the trick is to extend the string and let it unwind (spin horizontally, not like a trick) then rewind it by hand. When the string has slack the yoyo can loiter at the bottom of the throw. Then you can do all the fancy tricks. Jerking the string causes it to catch and climb the string again. If you didn't want it to loiter you had to do a bunch of normal casts first. If you did a normal underhand you put a half twist in every time you did it, so it tightened up. At one time I could do all of these. It was required if you wanted to be cool in 4th grade. Being cool was a trick I never mastered, but I could do the classic round the world, walk the dog, rock the baby. I was no Tommy Smothers, (Mr. Yoyo) but I could do all right. But the trick is properly tying and knotting the string.
30
AskOldPeople
uhy9wd
Theoretically, could I create some sort of program to compile clips of every single time the word “balls” is said on any channel on my cable box for something like 20 years? Resources unlimited.
Not sure if you could monitor every channel with one cable box, but if you found a way to do it then it's entirely possible.
30
AskComputerScience
uhy9wd
Theoretically, could I create some sort of program to compile clips of every single time the word “balls” is said on any channel on my cable box for something like 20 years? Resources unlimited.
Especially if you decode the closed captioning. That would be much less work. You would get lots of baseball broadcasts.
30
AskComputerScience
ui1ot6
Let's keep track of latest trends we are seeing in IT. What technologies are folks seeing that are hot or soon to be hot? What skills are in high demand? Which job markets are hot? Are folks seeing a lot of jobs out there? Let's talk about all of that in this thread!
The floodgates are open. I haven't seen this many non-IT people trying to get into IT since the dot com days. This is creating a weird situation where although there are tons of open jobs, there are even more applicants competing for those jobs. This is primarily impacting the entry-level roles - there are still a lot of open positions above that that are hard to fill. As usual, security is by far the most flooded. Most non-IT people aren't too familiar with what roles are available besides helpdesk and security, and not too many people have a goal of working at a helpdesk - so security seems to be the default. I'd estimate that ~50% of questions in here lately are from people outside of IT wanting to get into security. While it's true that there's a growing need for security professionals, [that need is not for entry-level people](https://www.reddit.com/r/SecurityCareerAdvice/comments/s319l5/entry_level_cyber_security_jobs_are_not_entry/). Read through [the wiki](https://www.reddit.com/r/ITCareerQuestions/wiki/index) if you need a better idea of what else is available within IT. So what should you do to get into entry-level IT? There are 4 credentials/qualities that hiring managers look for: - 4-year Degrees: No, they're not required. Yes, they will set you apart from those that don't have one. - Experience - this is a big differentiator, but not a lot of people trying to break in will have experience yet. Internships are the exception - always, always, always do an internship before you graduate. Always. - Certifications - great to have with or without a degree. In addition to a degree, they'll make you stand out more. If you don't have a degree, certs are the best way to show that you have tech knowledge. - Attitude - this is an often overlooked but critical aspect of the interview process. You can be the smartest IT person in the room, but if you can't deal with people, you can't showcase your skills, or you can't display good soft skills, you're going to be passed over for someone else who can. If you're just graduating with a computer-related degree and you have at least one relevant internship completed, you'll be at the top of the list. Heck, you probably already have a job and don't even know this sub exists. If you have any other 4-year degree, that counts as 'has a degree' to nearly all hiring managers. You don't have to go back for a computer-related degree. Add a cert or 2 and you're read to apply. Certs are the next most powerful tool to get you in line if you don't have a degree - the CompTIA ones are the baseline if you don't know what else to do. If you have no degree, no experience, no certs and want to break into IT, just ask yourself - what do you have to offer that people with those credentials don't have? If you don't know the answer, then you should probably look at certifications to start. **PAY:** Pay is climbing pretty steadily for experienced people. It gets said in here from time to time, but in no way is IT an underpaid field. IT workers are some of the highest-paid white-collar professionals, right up there with engineers. But it IS holding rather still for entry-level - this is just due to the huge oversupply of workers who all want a job. So yes, you might make the same (or less) than someone who works at McDonalds in order to break into the industry - this is not a reason to avoid IT. If you need an explanation of that, please brush up on the [present vs future value of money](https://www.differencebetween.com/difference-between-present-value-and-vs-future-value/). If you still don't get it, take the McDonalds job. (I reposted this from April since that one got lost)
340
ITCareerQuestions
ui2cjr
I recently turned 20 and I’m going through a thing where I’m not quite sure how I’m perceived. Am I a kid? Am I a grown up you view as a fellow adult? I want to know how you or general society sees someone my age as because I feel like it’s sort of a weird middle stage
You look like something that just hatched—weirdly fragile and clumsy despite obvious physical vitality.
1,990
AskOldPeople
ui2cjr
I recently turned 20 and I’m going through a thing where I’m not quite sure how I’m perceived. Am I a kid? Am I a grown up you view as a fellow adult? I want to know how you or general society sees someone my age as because I feel like it’s sort of a weird middle stage
20 year olds are baby adults. Self-sufficient, but still not all the way formed. I would treat you as an adult, though.
1,450
AskOldPeople
ui2cjr
I recently turned 20 and I’m going through a thing where I’m not quite sure how I’m perceived. Am I a kid? Am I a grown up you view as a fellow adult? I want to know how you or general society sees someone my age as because I feel like it’s sort of a weird middle stage
As somebody that cares how they're perceived. ​ I'm too old to care about it any more.
1,270
AskOldPeople
ui4kog
what did people do when they were depressed before SSRIs?
Blamed themselves, denied, tried to suck it up, white knuckled life until it passed. If they were unable to function at all there were antidepressants, the side effect profile just made them very undesirable and a last resort.
1,270
AskOldPeople
ui4kog
what did people do when they were depressed before SSRIs?
Tricyclic antidepressants were the first generation of drugs used to treat depression. They often worked and were a big step forward from ineffective non-drug treatments. But they had side effects including tiredness. weight gain, and the danger of overdose.
740
AskOldPeople
ui4kog
what did people do when they were depressed before SSRIs?
They suffered. Therapy wasn't even a thing most people would consider either (at least not in the Netherlands). That was for 'crazy' people, and I didn't feel crazy. In retrospect, I probably did have depression though. (Not anymore, thank goodness!)
560
AskOldPeople
ui7nyj
With recent supreme court leaks there has been a large number of questions regarding the leak itself and also numerous questions on how the supreme court works, the structure of US government, and the politics surrounding the issues. Because of this we have decided to bring back the US Politics Megathread. **Post all your US Poltics related questions as a top level reply** to this post. **All abortion questions and Roe v Wade stuff here as well. Do not try to circumvent this or lawyer your way out of it.** **Top level comments are still subject to the normal NoStupidQuestions rules**: * We get a lot of repeats - **please search before you ask your question** *(Ctrl-F is your friend!)*. * **Be civil** to each other - which includes not discriminating against any group of people or using slurs of any kind. Topics like this can be very important to people, so let's not add fuel to the fire. * **Top level comments must be genuine questions**, not disguised rants or loaded questions. This isn't a sub for scoring points, it's about learning. * **Keep your questions tasteful and legal.** Reddit's minimum age is just *13!*
If the supreme court overturns gay marriage is there any actions they can take to making gender affirming procedures and HRT illegal?
30
NoStupidQuestions
ui7nyj
With recent supreme court leaks there has been a large number of questions regarding the leak itself and also numerous questions on how the supreme court works, the structure of US government, and the politics surrounding the issues. Because of this we have decided to bring back the US Politics Megathread. **Post all your US Poltics related questions as a top level reply** to this post. **All abortion questions and Roe v Wade stuff here as well. Do not try to circumvent this or lawyer your way out of it.** **Top level comments are still subject to the normal NoStupidQuestions rules**: * We get a lot of repeats - **please search before you ask your question** *(Ctrl-F is your friend!)*. * **Be civil** to each other - which includes not discriminating against any group of people or using slurs of any kind. Topics like this can be very important to people, so let's not add fuel to the fire. * **Top level comments must be genuine questions**, not disguised rants or loaded questions. This isn't a sub for scoring points, it's about learning. * **Keep your questions tasteful and legal.** Reddit's minimum age is just *13!*
Can't Biden just pardon anyone who gets an abortion?
30
NoStupidQuestions
uib0kf
im a high school drop out with no math experience and i know its a long road but i really want to learn compsci and i need help knowing what sort of math i should focus on and learn for this job, i hear calc 1,2 and 3 also discrete math but idk where to start and learn. any help is much appreciated thanks!
Compsci is a broad field. Personally I like the architecture and I suggest you this youtube playlist about cpu architecture which can be useful to understand what computer language is. It can help you to get into compsci. How computers work - Building Scott's CPU: https://www.youtube.com/playlist?list=PLnAxReCloSeTJc8ZGogzjtCtXl_eE6yzA
30
AskComputerScience
uicq7b
I’m currently 23 and can’t even imagine myself or what I will be like when I’m in my 70’s/80’s. I’ve heard that at this point time starts really speeding up, and I’m just wondering how true you guys think that is? Edit: thank you all for your replies. It’s been very insightful
Faster than you can imagine.
960
AskOldPeople
uicq7b
I’m currently 23 and can’t even imagine myself or what I will be like when I’m in my 70’s/80’s. I’ve heard that at this point time starts really speeding up, and I’m just wondering how true you guys think that is? Edit: thank you all for your replies. It’s been very insightful
This is what it felt like for me: I blinked my eyes at 23 and I was suddenly 67 It comes so fast it will blow your mind
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AskOldPeople
uicq7b
I’m currently 23 and can’t even imagine myself or what I will be like when I’m in my 70’s/80’s. I’ve heard that at this point time starts really speeding up, and I’m just wondering how true you guys think that is? Edit: thank you all for your replies. It’s been very insightful
It's true up to a point due to the fact that it's a matter of perspective. At 10 a week is a pretty significant portion of your life. At 60 it is less so. Does time speed up? Technically no. But any given portion of time becomes a smaller fraction of your life, so it can easily seem to be passing faster.
420
AskOldPeople
uieq53
I have a bunch of questions asking me to find the Big-theta bounds for some recurrences (assume that adequate base cases exist for each). One example is T(n) = T(n-1) + n Would the answer be Big-Theta(n) or am I missing something else?
Nope. In this case, you can solve for T(n) as an explicit equation: if T(0) = 0, then T(n) is the sum of all integers from 0 to n inclusive, which means T(n) = n*(n+1)/2, which is Θ(n^(2)).
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AskComputerScience
uij5os
Is it worth it to work through rough patches in a marriage if you’re young? Do older people married many years have many issues they’ve overcome?
Been with my husband for 44 years, married for 39. We have had several occasions when I thought 'I'm done with this nonsense.' The first time was what I call the second year slump. We'd been married for a little over a year, and he couldn't be bothered to buy me a birthday present, because he 'didn't know what to get'. I was just getting home from a long shift at my second job as he and his brother (who was visiting from out of town) were leaving to go out for dinner, with no consideration if I'd like to go along or if maybe I didn't want to be ditched on a Friday night that happened to be my birthday. We had a few long talks about that, and what came of it is his realization that I didn't care about material gifts, but just wanted a bit of attention and affection. (This was before we'd heard of the Love Languages.) Things went much smoother after that, but there were plenty of bumps in the road along the way. We grew apart after our first born completely exhausted us during her first year. (Not her fault of course, but we should have communicated better, and we did with our second.) Later on we needed the help of a marriage counsellor who helped us in many ways. I just asked him now, and he says we're pretty happy for an old couple, and any of his unhappiness isn't caused by me. Yay! So, yeah, we're totally okay with working to overcome issues. "How else are you going to become a long-time couple?" Hubby, May 4, 2022.
2,290
AskOldPeople
uij5os
Is it worth it to work through rough patches in a marriage if you’re young? Do older people married many years have many issues they’ve overcome?
It depends on the issues. Finances? My husband and I have very different attitudes, but after we implemented a "yours, mine, and ours" system, we were good. We each agreed on what was fair to contribute to shared expenses, and the rest went into our personal accounts to do with as we wished. We have never, ever had a financial quibble since we did this. Kids? You can't have half a kid. You either want them or you don't. That's a deal-breaker. Lifestyle compatibility is important. If one of you thinks resorts and cruises are the best way to vacation and the other wants to hike the Appalachian Trail and wouldn't be caught dead on a cruise ship, you'll have some negotiating to do. Food? If you like gourmet cuisine and married a Hot Pockets type of person, you each make your own food. Easy-peasy. In-laws? Our policy has always been that weddings and funerals are not optional. For everything else, it's, "I'll just say you have a cold." Night owl vs morning lark? To each their own. It's infantilizing to tell another grownup when to wake up or go to bed. If it's causing sleep disruption, separate beds or bedrooms are fine. Don't believe the hype that you have to sleep in the same bed OR ELSE. My husband developed restless leg syndrome in the late 90s and sleeping in separate beds didn't break up our marriage. It improved it because we weren't awake and arguing all night. But if you feel disrespected or if you are being put down, abused or stolen from, these are things you can't work your way back from without a real change on the part of the other person, backed up by therapy (theirs). However, never pick a fight over something dumb and petty like the color of the kitchen towels because when it's something important, you don't want your partner thinking, "There they go again!" I only just last week found out my husband hates the rug I bought a few years ago. He let it go, just like I let his Rush bobble head dolls become living room decor. Sometimes you just have to say, "Whatever." Yeah, I'm GenX. Age 55 and retired.
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AskOldPeople
uij5os
Is it worth it to work through rough patches in a marriage if you’re young? Do older people married many years have many issues they’ve overcome?
Absolutely x 2! I was married to my first husband for 23 years when he passed away. I've always said making a marriage work is harder than raising children. If you love each other, however, then you SHOULD fight for it. We overcame a lot of crap. I'm now remarried and we both agree that our marriage (2nd for each of us, both lost spouse due to death) is much easier this time around. We've learned from the mistakes in our past marriages. We've grown up and are much more easy going now. It was a surprise to us both! We are greatly enjoying this new phase in our lives, especially after so much tragedy beforehand.
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AskOldPeople
uim5fv
If you are old enough to have witnessed the many tragedies that occurred pre Roe v Wade, can you educate folks on what it was like?
My grandmother had 15 children and I am pretty sure she didn't want more after the first 5. But she had no choice because women could not obtain birth control without the consent of her husband, and were required *by law* to submit to intercourse. As far as the law was concerned, a husband could not rape his wife since he had the legal *right* to have sex. Those first 5 children raised the next set of 5. There was never enough of *anything*. Not enough food, not enough space, not enough decent clothing, and medical and dental care was nonexistent. The oldest of the 15 was My Aunt Fran. She was essentially a house servant/slave who raised her siblings her entire childhood, getting very little education. She escaped her childhood home by marrying the first man who looked at her. She had 5 children in 7 years. Her 6th child, Sally, came late in life and was born profoundly disabled. Fran told me years later that she *knew* there was something amiss with that pregnancy and sadly told me if she'd known how to obtain an illegal abortion, she would have done so. Fran parentified her own children, and Sally's older girl siblings were charged with feeding, changing, exercising, and monitoring Sally. They also escaped their home by marrying young. Lack of choice in childbearing curtailed so many lives in so many ways. It's not limited to the gruesome stories of botched procedures or the sexual abuse of women seeking terminations. It's how having no reproductive freedom condemned so many women to narrow limited lives sacrificed to more children than they wanted or could provide for. So much human potential was never realized.
3,230
AskOldPeople
uim5fv
If you are old enough to have witnessed the many tragedies that occurred pre Roe v Wade, can you educate folks on what it was like?
My aunt had a miscarriage. The fetus didn't expel from her uterus, though. My aunt was dying, and the hospital -- St. Somebody-or-Other -- refused to do an abortion. My uncle checked her out of the hospital Against Medical Advice, and took her to a doctor he knew. The doctor performed a D&C (dilation and curettage) and saved her life. My cousin was raped when she was a young teen, about 14-15, I think. She didn't dare tell her parents about that or the pregnancy. She and her friends went to a woman who performed an "abortion," and then ran when she started bleeding profusely. Her friends put her in a car and drove her to the emergency room. She didn't die, but she couldn't have children. And of course, her parents found out anyway and threw her out of the house. She lived with my grandmother after that. She was also very wild and eventually died from cirrhosis. My mom had my two brothers just ten months apart, and she got pregnant again while the youngest was still a baby. The doctor understood that her life was at stake, and that she had three children to take care of already. He made up some bullshit and got her a D&C. She lived to take care of us. If she'd carried that pregnancy to term, she would have died and the worst part is that our family priest told her she had to carry it to term; that was God's will. The tragedy is that my mother lost her faith then. She left the church because she didn't have the nerve to face Father What's-His-Name when he knew she had been pregnant and wasn't pregnant anymore. She couldn't face his judgment. Because of her, my own story didn't end in tragedy. When I was impregnated by an abusive man who immediately became my ex after this incident, she encouraged me to get an abortion so I wouldn't be tied to a jerk my whole life. She was half a continent away at the time, but she called me the night before, the morning of, and the evening after to make sure I was okay. She told me I was doing the right thing, that the real shame would be in bearing a child I didn't want and raising it with someone I didn't love. She was right, and years later, I raised two kids I desperately wanted with someone I loved. I got a happy-ever-after because the women who came before me suffered unimaginable tragedy. That's just my family. My friends would be a whole 'nother post.
2,180
AskOldPeople
uim5fv
If you are old enough to have witnessed the many tragedies that occurred pre Roe v Wade, can you educate folks on what it was like?
Drug overdoses, poisonings, suicide, bleed to death, coat hangers and other crude objects, an assortment of home remedies including poisons leading to organ failure, abandonment and disowning of pregnant girl by family, pregnancy in poverty, drug addicted and malnourished babies, pregnant girls removed fr school and sent to a “home” then baby taken away. Unwanted children abused and neglected in home or in government care. Adults stuck in a cycle of poverty. Moral and $ costs to society.
1,590
AskOldPeople
uiwpen
Hi, Just wondering if in the Rust community there is a preference/most idiomatic way to assign a string out of these three? let s1:String = String::from("Rust"); let s2:String = "Rust".to_owned(); let s3:String = "Rust".to_string(); Thanks in advance!
[here](https://stackoverflow.com/questions/37149831/what-is-the-difference-between-these-3-ways-of-declaring-a-string-in-rust) you go
130
LearnRust
uizhbx
I’m still young, but this has been eating up my mind lately. In other subreddits, it’s always a concern of money and I’ve looked at how much care costs for in-home, independent living, assisted living, etc. As you age, how have you gone about planning for this and how did you plan for your parents?
I'll bet I'm not the only person here whose response would be that as an "old person" I already lost both parents a long time ago. 😞
180
AskOldPeople
uizhbx
I’m still young, but this has been eating up my mind lately. In other subreddits, it’s always a concern of money and I’ve looked at how much care costs for in-home, independent living, assisted living, etc. As you age, how have you gone about planning for this and how did you plan for your parents?
I got lucky. My father was as frugal as his parents had been, so when my stepmother needed assisted living, the money was there. I sure as hell didn't have it. He had no choice but to admit her because he was old and didn't have the strength or medical training to provide the level of care she needed. People who say they would never put a loved one into a care facility don't know wtf they're talking about. My father has sufficient assets to cover his own long-term care as well, but it's not likely he'll need it. Drawn-out illnesses aren't how people in his line go down. They just drop dead after lunch on some random afternoon. And tbh, I'd rather get a call that my dad is gone than that he's now in the hospital with a tube down his throat and months or even years of suffering ahead of him.
110
AskOldPeople
uizhbx
I’m still young, but this has been eating up my mind lately. In other subreddits, it’s always a concern of money and I’ve looked at how much care costs for in-home, independent living, assisted living, etc. As you age, how have you gone about planning for this and how did you plan for your parents?
I'm very lucky. My Mom put herself in a nice continuing care facility back in 1998. She's still there and going strong today, at almost 97. She said she didn't want to be a burden to her children. Three of us are nearby, so we get to see her regularly. She is the model I want to follow. While I can't afford a place as nice as she's in, I don't want to be one of those stubborn old coots who refuses to leave their decaying house.
110
AskOldPeople
uizmx2
I'm trying to create and run an extremely intensive C++ aerodynamics simulator and suspect I would need a cluster to run it effectively. What would be the most cost-effective way to do so?
Universities often have clusters you can get access to... Probably for a fee for non-students. Just learn the tooling for that platform and code your simulation to target it.
90
AskComputerScience
uizmx2
I'm trying to create and run an extremely intensive C++ aerodynamics simulator and suspect I would need a cluster to run it effectively. What would be the most cost-effective way to do so?
Design your code to run on multiple GPUs and build a machine with as many GPUs as possible. Most motherboards support two GPUs, but there are a few that support four. If single-precision floating point computations are sufficient, use those because consumer-level GPUs are slow with double-precision floats. For more compute power, build multiple machines like that, connect them via ethernet and use sockets or MPI to transfer data. If the network throughput becomes a limiting factor, upgrade from ethernet to Infiniband.
60
AskComputerScience
uizmx2
I'm trying to create and run an extremely intensive C++ aerodynamics simulator and suspect I would need a cluster to run it effectively. What would be the most cost-effective way to do so?
Use a cloud computing provider. You can rent lots of CPUs, GPUs, and specialized processors like TPU for quite a reasonable price. Designing your algorithm to efficiently split across many computers is not a simple problem. **However** - many people have solved this problem, and now there are many common libraries you can use which will do a lot of the hard work. If you can split your problem into parts that don't interact (e.g. run lots of separate simulations), then you can use relatively basic libraries like Apache Beam ([https://cloud.google.com/architecture/running-external-binaries-beam-grid-computing](https://cloud.google.com/architecture/running-external-binaries-beam-grid-computing)). If your problem doesn't split that way (e.g. if the different sub-parts of the problem interact), then you need more complicated methods, which are probably too complicated to get into in a reddit response. **Also** - the fastest approaches to this kind of problem are likely to use hardware accelerators like GPU and TPU. For GPU, you can write code yourself using CUDA to do things, although you can probably get nearly identical performance by building on top of existing libraries that implement the functionality you want. This is a pretty good reason to use something like NumPy/CuPy or Tensorflow (I know you said C++, but it might be worth it to use another language). You'd build your algorithm out of the relatively high-level operations provided by these frameworks (things like matrix operations, etc). These operations will have built in support for optimized hardware. If you're using c++, I highly recommend using Eigen as much as possible, as it has very optimized matrix operations.
40
AskComputerScience
uj07ca
Most of Europe was bombed out by May 1945. But the U. S. wasn't and the Marshall plan helped Europe get back on it's feet. But Where did that money come from? How was the war profitable? I know they sold war bonds, but how did people suddenly have money to borrow to the state?
Well it mostly can be explained by[ this graph](https://cdn.theatlantic.com/assets/media/img/3rdparty/2012/11/debt-and-gdp-main6.png) The highest level of national debt as a proportion of GDP in the history of the US. There was also some repayment of loans from the Lend/Lease act and reparations from Germany and Japan, but that's the gist of it.
80
AskOldPeople
uj3tl6
For example, char in C++ is defined as being 8 bits in size. However, depending on the computer architecture, a memory address can hold anywhere from 8-64 bits. So, where exactly is such a variable stored within an address? Similarly, how would a variable whose size is greater than what’s available in a memory address be stored?
Every modern computer architecture that I'm aware of uses byte-addressable memory. Or to put it another way, in C++ a byte is *defined* as the smallest addressable unit of memory, and a char is defined as being 1 byte in size. (This allows you to use `char*` to manipulate regions of memory that might actually contain data of another type.) The C++ standard also guarantees that a byte will be *at least* 8 bits, and in practice it is virtually always *exactly* 8 bits. When you store a value that's larger than a single byte, it takes up multiple addresses. For instance, a 16-bit variable that is "stored at address X" really occupies the bytes at addresses X and X+1. If the variable is a numeric type, the ordering of the bytes is architecture dependent, but most architectures are little-endian (least significant byte first).
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AskComputerScience
uj4o98
Hello, I'm hoping this isn't a stupid question, if it turns out to be, I'll delete the post. I've recently started working a job where my boss stated that it'd be highly unlikely that I'd advance to management without a computer, electrical, or engineering degree. After researching the different type of degrees, I found Computer Science to be the one I would most like to pursue. I currently have a B.S. in Global Supply Chain Mgmt and when I've told friends that I want to pursue a Bachelor's in CS I keep getting asked the same thing: "Why don't you just get a Graduates degree in CS?" (This is coming from people who already have graduate degrees). I did well with my bachelors degree, I finished with a 3.96 gpa and consider myself a fairly intelligent and hard working person, but my computer skills are lacking. I'm proficient in common office programs like Excel, but I've never done any coding. I don't feel like I have a strong foundation and the thought of taking a Graduate degree in a subject I'm weak in is intimidating to me. So firstly, is this even possible, to go from a B.S. MGMT degree to a Masters in CS? Secondly, if its possible, is this a good idea or should I start with an undergrad in CS? Am I just being given bad advice? ​ Thank you ​ edit - grammar correction.
I had an undergrad in history and am now doing a grad degree in CS. I had to take several prerequisites before starting the actual grad program. I have been interested in computers my whole life, taught myself programming years ago, and it was still a pretty tough leap to get started. I think you should go for it if you really, truly want a CS degree, but if you're just doing it for a promotion at work and you're not that interested it's going to be a very, very difficult transition.
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AskComputerScience
uj4o98
Hello, I'm hoping this isn't a stupid question, if it turns out to be, I'll delete the post. I've recently started working a job where my boss stated that it'd be highly unlikely that I'd advance to management without a computer, electrical, or engineering degree. After researching the different type of degrees, I found Computer Science to be the one I would most like to pursue. I currently have a B.S. in Global Supply Chain Mgmt and when I've told friends that I want to pursue a Bachelor's in CS I keep getting asked the same thing: "Why don't you just get a Graduates degree in CS?" (This is coming from people who already have graduate degrees). I did well with my bachelors degree, I finished with a 3.96 gpa and consider myself a fairly intelligent and hard working person, but my computer skills are lacking. I'm proficient in common office programs like Excel, but I've never done any coding. I don't feel like I have a strong foundation and the thought of taking a Graduate degree in a subject I'm weak in is intimidating to me. So firstly, is this even possible, to go from a B.S. MGMT degree to a Masters in CS? Secondly, if its possible, is this a good idea or should I start with an undergrad in CS? Am I just being given bad advice? ​ Thank you ​ edit - grammar correction.
Lots of people do second bachelor's degrees. There's nothing wrong with it and you're entirely correct that it will likely provide a more gentle introduction to the topic. If you're just looking to check the box with the lowest possible effort, Thomas Edison State University might be worth a look. That being said, there's no question that a master's degree is a more valuable credential. Plenty of people do a CS master's even though their undergraduate was something else, although typically people doing this already have some work experience writing code. Georgia Tech's OMSCS is worth looking at. One crucial question is whether you have any interest or aptitude for computer science and software development. Perhaps you should take a good intro to CS course, like Harvard's CS50, and see how it goes before committing yourself to a larger program.
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AskComputerScience
uj4o98
Hello, I'm hoping this isn't a stupid question, if it turns out to be, I'll delete the post. I've recently started working a job where my boss stated that it'd be highly unlikely that I'd advance to management without a computer, electrical, or engineering degree. After researching the different type of degrees, I found Computer Science to be the one I would most like to pursue. I currently have a B.S. in Global Supply Chain Mgmt and when I've told friends that I want to pursue a Bachelor's in CS I keep getting asked the same thing: "Why don't you just get a Graduates degree in CS?" (This is coming from people who already have graduate degrees). I did well with my bachelors degree, I finished with a 3.96 gpa and consider myself a fairly intelligent and hard working person, but my computer skills are lacking. I'm proficient in common office programs like Excel, but I've never done any coding. I don't feel like I have a strong foundation and the thought of taking a Graduate degree in a subject I'm weak in is intimidating to me. So firstly, is this even possible, to go from a B.S. MGMT degree to a Masters in CS? Secondly, if its possible, is this a good idea or should I start with an undergrad in CS? Am I just being given bad advice? ​ Thank you ​ edit - grammar correction.
[deleted]
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AskComputerScience
uj4vmu
Hobbies, activities please. Thank you.
Volunteer. Take part in an organization that contributes to the greater good.
1,060
AskOldPeople
uj4vmu
Hobbies, activities please. Thank you.
Anything that helps others. The simplest way to start is probably volunteering to hold babies at the nearest day care or hospital. All you have to do is sit and rock, and it makes a huge difference. Another easy option is sitting with frightened dogs at the shelter, helping them learn to socialize.
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AskOldPeople
uj4vmu
Hobbies, activities please. Thank you.
Ask their advice on a topic of interest to them. Chat about their hobbies. Gardening? I’ve asked why my tomatoes had cracks in them.
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AskOldPeople
uj580c
What is your diet like?
Mostly whiskey and chicken gristle. I eat a carrot every once in a while if I’m double dared.
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AskOldPeople
uj580c
What is your diet like?
Breakfast is 2 cups of black coffee. Afternoon I'll often have a pot of tea, maybe a tiny bit of milk, no sugar. Drink plenty of water as well. Lunch is either 1) fresh whole fruit, 2) eggs and bacon, or 3) leftover veggies in scrambled eggs. Dinner is either 1) a big salad with fat and protein added, or 2) roasted veggies with a serving of protein and maybe a bit of whole wheat bread. I eat about 6 to 8 cups of fresh veggies a day, along with one or two servings of animal protein. This is punctuated with small amounts of cheese, olives, nuts, or bread. Everything as high-quality as I can get it. I transformed my figure and my energy levels around the age of 40 (48yo now) by eliminating all forms of processed food from my diet. I will sometimes drink mineral water, but no soda. No fast food. No chips, candy bars, protein bars, or energy drinks. No canned or boxed processed food of any kind. For special occasions, I'll eat something with a little sugar, like pie (has to be fresh-made, though). I always feel sluggish and tired the next day, so I plan accordingly. When I follow this simple routine, I have the energy of a 25-year-old. It's amazing how well it works. My digestive system hums, with no gas, bloating, or bowel issues. My skin looks great, my brain is clear. Before I adopted this diet, I had brain fog a lot and was diagnosed with pre-diabetes and fatty liver disease. It's all gone now. I'm the same size I was at 20. I am low-carb but not full-on keto; I'll eat potatoes or corn sometimes with my veggies. People often think I'm a decade younger due to my energy levels and great skin.
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AskOldPeople
uj580c
What is your diet like?
Lots of vegetables, fruit, nuts, some dairy, meat and the odd alcoholic beverage. I don't eat fast food anymore and basically cook everything myself. Mass produced convenience food isn't something I eat anymore.
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AskOldPeople
uja7z2
Computer engineers seem unanimous in regarding 2-valued logic as having a privileged position: privileged, not just in the sense of corresponding to the way we do speak, but in the sense of having no serious rival for logical reasons. If the foregoing analysis is correct, this is a prejudice of the same kind as the famous prejudice in favor of a privileged status for Euclidean geometry (a prejudice that survives in the tendency to cite 'space has three dimensions' as some kind of 'necessary' truth). One can go over from a 2-valued to a 3-valued logic without totally changing the meaning of 'true' and 'false'; and not just in silly ways, like the ones usually cited (e.g. equating truth with high probability, falsity with low probability, and middlehood with 'in between' probability).
Sure. Some kinds of [ternary computers](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ternary_computer) have been tried in the past, at least in the Soviet Union. I don't know if they'd have practical advantages over binary, though. The logic circuitry would probably become more complex, and although it may sound like a three-state logic value would hold more information than a two-state one, non-binary values would also make it harder to e.g. physically distinguish between the voltages representing the different values. I'm not really an expert on the practical benefits and drawbacks of non-binary computing circuitry, though. Some potentially interesting links that might give more informed views: https://stackoverflow.com/questions/764439/why-binary-and-not-ternary-computing https://www.techopedia.com/why-not-ternary-computers/2/32427 https://duckduckgo.com/?q=why+is+ternary+computing+not+common
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AskComputerScience
uja7z2
Computer engineers seem unanimous in regarding 2-valued logic as having a privileged position: privileged, not just in the sense of corresponding to the way we do speak, but in the sense of having no serious rival for logical reasons. If the foregoing analysis is correct, this is a prejudice of the same kind as the famous prejudice in favor of a privileged status for Euclidean geometry (a prejudice that survives in the tendency to cite 'space has three dimensions' as some kind of 'necessary' truth). One can go over from a 2-valued to a 3-valued logic without totally changing the meaning of 'true' and 'false'; and not just in silly ways, like the ones usually cited (e.g. equating truth with high probability, falsity with low probability, and middlehood with 'in between' probability).
Binary logic doesn't actually have any particular advantage over other forms (it's less efficient actually). It's simply easier to construct a machine with only two states which makes scaling and error reduction very easy.
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AskComputerScience
uja7z2
Computer engineers seem unanimous in regarding 2-valued logic as having a privileged position: privileged, not just in the sense of corresponding to the way we do speak, but in the sense of having no serious rival for logical reasons. If the foregoing analysis is correct, this is a prejudice of the same kind as the famous prejudice in favor of a privileged status for Euclidean geometry (a prejudice that survives in the tendency to cite 'space has three dimensions' as some kind of 'necessary' truth). One can go over from a 2-valued to a 3-valued logic without totally changing the meaning of 'true' and 'false'; and not just in silly ways, like the ones usually cited (e.g. equating truth with high probability, falsity with low probability, and middlehood with 'in between' probability).
At the electrical level it’s a mess. You need to have a “noise margin” between acceptable voltages, and a single trivalent wire now needs two noise margins in the voltage range. It is used in Ethernet cables. It’s more like you are allowing two steps rather than two voltages. The concept also applies to binary division. You know how in long division you sometimes picked too big of a quotient and have to redo that digit slightly smaller. In division hardware it’s set up so that the each quotient bit can be {-1, 0, 1}. That way, if you guess wrong you can make the next bit negative. (Electrically each one is really two wires, but the math is on the pair.)
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AskComputerScience
ujamta
I'm looking to build a Beowulf cluster, likely of many identical older PCs due to budget constraints. I'll be using CPUs for my easily parallelizable computations. Do you have a recommendation for a specific one to allow a cost-effective, powerful cluster (preferably with Infiniband support), or at least the list I am thinking of?
There's no way running your own cluster is going to be more cost-effective than the alternatives. >I'll be using CPUs for my easily parallelizable computations. Why not GPU? "Easily parallelizable computations" is exactly what they are designed to do and are going to be cheaper than running second-hand enterprise boxes. An AWS instance with 4 high-end GPUs is like $5/hr. >(preferably with Infiniband support) Running your own enterprise-grade gear with Infiniband takes this out of the hobbyist domain and squarely into "You better be making money on this" area.
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AskComputerScience
ujba2w
Have you ever had to scold your kids as adults and rightfully so?
Once my children reached adulthood to me they were adults and i treated them as such. I will work to guide, but never scold.
250
AskOldPeople
ujba2w
Have you ever had to scold your kids as adults and rightfully so?
Yes, sometimes it’s necessary. When you’re in a committed relationship, you don’t flirt with your exes. It’s hurtful. Watch your drinking. Moral & legal are two different things. Stuff like that. My love is unconditional for them, but we aren’t religious and I feel an obligation to be somewhat of a moral compass, even tho they’re grown. I’m their mother, that responsibility doesn’t end til the day I die.
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AskOldPeople
ujba2w
Have you ever had to scold your kids as adults and rightfully so?
No kids, but I did have to scold my own father. I was still working, he was retired, and it was the second year in a row that he hadn't gotten a cost of living increase on his Social Security. He was outraged. Bear in mind that this is a man with two pensions, a nice inheritance, and (at the time) four paid-in-full properties. He has sold two of them since then. My stepmother was still alive at the time and working, and both of them had supplemental retirement accounts. I reminded my father that my husband and I hadn't had a cost of living increase in two years and we still had to work 40+ hours per week and pay a fucking mortgage each month on our ONE house, so he would need to look elsewhere for sympathy. I said it calmly and politely, and he never mentioned it again.
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AskOldPeople
ujehg9
Old people of Reddit who were in the Troubled Teen Industry, what was it like back then? Was it worse than today's Troubled Teen Industry or was it the same?
Back in my day it was called 'joining the military'. Many men that were convicted of misdemeanors or low level felonies were given the choice of jail or joining the armed forces. Led to unspeakable crimes committed in Viet Nam by our own soldiers, and drug trafficking went through the roof. Families with unruly teenagers would also advise, encourage or even coerce their sons into joining the military.
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AskOldPeople
ujehg9
Old people of Reddit who were in the Troubled Teen Industry, what was it like back then? Was it worse than today's Troubled Teen Industry or was it the same?
What is a "Troubled Teen Industry"?
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AskOldPeople
ujehg9
Old people of Reddit who were in the Troubled Teen Industry, what was it like back then? Was it worse than today's Troubled Teen Industry or was it the same?
Currently, much of the troubled teen industry appears to be privatized prisons. Like many of the organizations in the long past, it is far from perfect... or legitimate. Read the [wiki article](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kids_for_cash_scandal) about it. Pennsylvania judge was receiving kickbacks for every Juvenile he had incarcerated. Many first time offenders and minor offenders had their rights ignored as he kangaroo courted them to juvie centers that were paying him. The courts are still dealing with the aftermath,
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AskOldPeople
ujgi9w
So, from my understanding, the terms are often interchangeable, but not always. All computers have a video card (my guess is it's located on the motherboard?) but not all computers have a graphics card. Would it be correct to say that all graphics cards are video cards but not all video cards are graphics cards? And since all computers have a video card, does that mean that computers with a graphics card also have a video card? If so, how does work get divided between them? Can video cards and graphics cards work in tandem?
Video cards and graphics card (Graphics Processing Unit or GPU) are the same thing. What you might be confused about is an integrated GPU and an external GPU. Integrated GPUs are small that are often on the same chip as the CPU (example: Intel series chips without the "F" suffix, like i5-12400K, or AMD chips with the "G" suffix, like 5600G). They are generally not very powerful and can be cooled with the same cooling solution as that of the CPU. They are more than sufficient for everyday tasks and general video streaming, 2D games, and some 3D games. External GPUs are, as the name implies, outside of the CPU, and are huge because of the giant heatsink and fans. These are the nvidias and the bigger amd cards, like the RTX 3080 or the 6900XT. These are much more powerful. Programs that require copius amounts of math based paralleling processing (AAA gaming, cryptomining, and many scientific simulations and calculations) can make very good use of these cards.
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AskComputerScience
ujgi9w
So, from my understanding, the terms are often interchangeable, but not always. All computers have a video card (my guess is it's located on the motherboard?) but not all computers have a graphics card. Would it be correct to say that all graphics cards are video cards but not all video cards are graphics cards? And since all computers have a video card, does that mean that computers with a graphics card also have a video card? If so, how does work get divided between them? Can video cards and graphics cards work in tandem?
So, neither of those terms is really exact with an absolute meaning, but both practically mean the same thing. There are no distinct meanings. What *may*, in principle, mean two different things are video cards and GPUs, or graphics processing units. Understanding that distinction might be helped by a brief look into history. Traditionally, the word "video card" (or "display card", "video adapter", "display adapter", "graphics card", etc.) implies a device that can feed an image output onto a display device or monitor. Video cards up to the mid-90's were meant for that, and didn't do much *processing* or computation on the graphics. They may have had some primitive 2D graphics processing capabilities but their main purpose was to get the image generated by the computer's software onto the physical display, not so much to be involved in generating or manipulating the image in the first place. In the late 90's, consumer-grade 3D graphics accelerators were introduced. They had actual computational capabilities for processing 3D graphics. Some of them were video cards with integrated 3D graphics processing capabilities. Others were plain "3D accelerator" cards that successfully provided capabilities for faster and better graphics processing, but the "getting the image onto the monitor" part had to be done by a separate traditional video card to which the accelerator card was connected. Separate accelerator-only cards disappeared after a few years. All new graphics accelerators would begin to ship with traditional video adapter hardware built in, so the single card fulfilled both roles. Soon almost nobody would be selling plain old video cards without acceleration/processing capabilities either, and even the cheapest and the most primitive of PC video cards started having at least some kinds of 3D graphics processing capabilities as well. The distinction between a "graphics accelerator" and a traditional video card practically disappeared, at least on consumer PCs. Graphics accelerators with actual processing capabilities began to be commonly called "GPUs" or graphics processing units at the turn of the century when NVidia started using the term for their then-latest generation of graphics cards. The term had existed before but that's when it began to be commonly used to refer to PC hardware that sported extensive graphics processing capabilities. All consumer PC video cards were also graphics processors by this point, and all graphics processors were video cards, so the distinction was no longer practically important. Since today's GPUs are extensively programmable and can be used for many kinds of heavy data processing tasks in scientific computation etc., without necessarily needing video output, GPUs without a video output may make sense once again, so you might run into a GPU that's technically not a video card. And some industrial or other non-consumer devices might have no need for even the most primitive of graphics processing but do need to output an image, so I suppose you might be able to find plain old video adapters that aren't GPUs somewhere. But in consumer PCs, phones etc., all video cards are practically GPUs and all GPUs are practically video cards, although the terms are conceptually different.
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AskComputerScience
uji4hi
I'm writing a wallpaper browser. It would fech images from wallhaven.cc via their api and display them in a row, and then the user would click on one and it would be downloaded and have another program applied to it. I can't figure out, how to fetch the image preview in the app itself. I have a prototype in electronJS, but there I just use the img src and call it a day. Is there a sensible way to do this in rust, or should I just stick with electron?
Displaying heavily depends on what UI toolkit are you using. But to download the image you can use `reqwest` crate. And then probably convert it to raw bytes (from e. g. jpeg) using `image` crate.
90
LearnRust
uji4hi
I'm writing a wallpaper browser. It would fech images from wallhaven.cc via their api and display them in a row, and then the user would click on one and it would be downloaded and have another program applied to it. I can't figure out, how to fetch the image preview in the app itself. I have a prototype in electronJS, but there I just use the img src and call it a day. Is there a sensible way to do this in rust, or should I just stick with electron?
Well, how you get a preview depends on the API of whatever website you are using, and how you display it depends on the GUI framework that you are using. So not really a Rust question
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LearnRust
ujklqq
I hear so many different stories like ppl saying they didn’t even know the f word existed till they got older. Edit btw can you guys mention what decade you grew up in and also I don’t mean the curse words you heard in your household since nowadays it’s also true parents might not curse around their kids but like at school and other environments I mean
The main curse words we know today were all well known. Anyone telling you they didn't know about the word fuck is fucking lying.
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AskOldPeople
ujklqq
I hear so many different stories like ppl saying they didn’t even know the f word existed till they got older. Edit btw can you guys mention what decade you grew up in and also I don’t mean the curse words you heard in your household since nowadays it’s also true parents might not curse around their kids but like at school and other environments I mean
The curse words are exactly the same. Some racial slurs and insulting names have changed or fallen out of favor.
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AskOldPeople
ujklqq
I hear so many different stories like ppl saying they didn’t even know the f word existed till they got older. Edit btw can you guys mention what decade you grew up in and also I don’t mean the curse words you heard in your household since nowadays it’s also true parents might not curse around their kids but like at school and other environments I mean
I had a shirt in 1978 that said "Disco Sucks" and remember how much shit I got for it, since at the time it was the social equivalent of "Cunts for Jesus" Swears have become WAY more common than they were and WAY less shocking. I'm a fan.
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AskOldPeople
ujl1nh
Does drinking lots of water prevent the negative side effects of a high sodium diet (eg. increased blood pressure) ?
A high sodium diet is dangerous for some individuals *because* of the resulting excess fluid intake. As you intake fluid to quench your resulting thirst, you increase the volume of fluid within your circulatory system. This increases your blood pressure. Your kidneys respond by working harder to remove more of the fluid from your system. For a healthy individual, this is not really a problem. Your kidneys remove the excess water and salt from your body without issue. For someone with kidney disease, their kidneys may not be able to compensate for this excess fluid load. This results in sustained hypertension, which in addition to a vast number of other issues, further damages the glomeruli (the filters of the kidney). EDIT: As a caveat, even some healthy individuals are sodium-sensitive and may have resulting hypertension from excess sodium intake.
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ujl1nh
Does drinking lots of water prevent the negative side effects of a high sodium diet (eg. increased blood pressure) ?
[removed]
5,920
AskScience
ujl1nh
Does drinking lots of water prevent the negative side effects of a high sodium diet (eg. increased blood pressure) ?
It takes a lot of salt to make even a small difference in blood pressure for most people. Eg reducing sodium by 4.4g per day (abour 12g salt, more than daily allowance) only reduces systolic bp by 4mm Hg, and diastolic by 2mm. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/23558162/ Maybe bigger effects in people with high BP.
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ujl3lb
bro, i need help quick, i accidentally uninstall the whole wifi driver until the windows can't detect the wifi, help me because This is my brother laptop, and he uses it for work, he will be angry if he finds out that I did all that
You're looking for /r/techsupport
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AskComputerScience
ujo2vd
What was the analog process for converting photos to halftone before digital desktop publishing?
**Really old version:** You took the photo into an enlarger of sorts (a machine with a photo light and a lens with photo-reactive material under it) and scale it up or down to the size you needed. Then used a screen (a piece of mylar with a dot pattern in it where the dots were clear and the rest was black) on top of the photo-sensitive material and then make a negative with that set up. Put it through the developer, etc, then cut out the negative and put it into whatever the page was by splicing it into place with tape, etc. If it was color, you would use 4 screens to get the separate colors (C, M, Y, K) into negative form for making plates later. That process required four different pieces of mylar, all registered with register marks (a crosshair) on all sides. **Sort of old version:** You put the photo into a scanner and it would scan the photo into a dot pattern, make a negative from that scan and repeat the last steps above. At some point, the digital version of all of this took over every step, but it was still not possible in a desktop version for quite a while. Doing page creation and popping photos into place on a screen happened in the late 80s. Prior to that you would set up the page digitally with all the graphics and type, (or even older, do a paste-up with all the elements, tedious!) but you would leave a blank square for the photos (or tape in a Xerox and write "Size/Position ONLY" on it). I'm probably forgetting some of this process, it's been a while. I not only did graphic design for over 40 years, but also worked part time in a color separation house for a while between jobs. A lot of various industries were wiped out due to digital desktop systems. No more type houses, no more film houses, no more developing fluid companies, etc.
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AskOldPeople
ujoeqf
I have an 8 month old son and it’s going by fast. I wanted to ask if you had a favorite era or age range with your children. I know some people LOVE the newborn era and some get along much better once the kids have grown. Thank you in advance if you take the time to answer!
“Every age” is the wise answer, but here’s the honest one: about 5 to 9 yo. No more tantrums, interesting observations, no cynicism, great senses of humor, less constant threat of self-injury, etc. I was able to start sharing my nerdery with my kid and bonding over it. It’s just a great age. My kid is a teen now and is still lovable and loved (and we’re seeing Doctor Strange together tonight!), but it’s not the same.
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ujoeqf
I have an 8 month old son and it’s going by fast. I wanted to ask if you had a favorite era or age range with your children. I know some people LOVE the newborn era and some get along much better once the kids have grown. Thank you in advance if you take the time to answer!
Not the answer you probably want to hear, but them as adults (35,37,39) because I’m not responsible for raising them anymore, we have a lot more things in common to discuss like politics, raising their own kids, etc and #1 they all have college educations (which I paid for), good jobs and SOs with good jobs so no more child rearing expenses for me! Now I can use whatever extra money I have on spoiling my grandkids!
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AskOldPeople
ujoeqf
I have an 8 month old son and it’s going by fast. I wanted to ask if you had a favorite era or age range with your children. I know some people LOVE the newborn era and some get along much better once the kids have grown. Thank you in advance if you take the time to answer!
[deleted]
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AskOldPeople
ujomal
How to become a better programmer/computer engineer? I know this question may sound simple (considering that I could ask Google directly). But I would like to know/read some advice from real people and their experience, about what things I can do to become a better programmer and computer engineer (career I study). Regardless of being a woman in a field where there are very few women (at least at my university), it has cost me a little more than my peers to be able to immediately learn the programming logic and programming languages themselves and many times that discourages me even though I love my career. I would like to read them to see if they have any advice to be able to see what tricks I could use to improve my good programming practices, to learn faster and in a good way. Thanks in advance ;)
I think the simple answer that most people say is, program, just something small and program it, make a little console app that maybe asks for some some info, age , store that in memory, then maybe to a file, either txt or JSON Then read from them files and sort the data Keep adding to your programs and you’ll learn quick about thinking ahead but don’t bite too much off at the start. You can add more complex stuff like dependency injection, add some loggers and use something like serilog to get use to nuget packages. All of these small things in one simple console app will teach you a lot of simple but helpful things that’s good to have done. A good way my teacher explained stuff to me was, you know what a tree is, you know what a tree does, but how do you say tree In Spanish, or German or Chinese, you can lean that, but first, you need to know what a tree is, Same with programming, understand what a for loop is, then you can learn the language of how to write with it.
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AskComputerScience
ujomal
How to become a better programmer/computer engineer? I know this question may sound simple (considering that I could ask Google directly). But I would like to know/read some advice from real people and their experience, about what things I can do to become a better programmer and computer engineer (career I study). Regardless of being a woman in a field where there are very few women (at least at my university), it has cost me a little more than my peers to be able to immediately learn the programming logic and programming languages themselves and many times that discourages me even though I love my career. I would like to read them to see if they have any advice to be able to see what tricks I could use to improve my good programming practices, to learn faster and in a good way. Thanks in advance ;)
It's something that you learn by doing. There's no getting around that. Early on especially, it's quite likely to be a struggle; things that I can write in 15 minutes today took 8 hours of tearing out my hair when I started. Nothing was immediate. Everything was struggle and frustration. I wrote my first bits of code 22 years ago. And honestly, the only things that come immediately are the things that I've done in some form hundreds of times. For everything else, I've got to step back, carefully break down the problem, and start planning out the sketch of a solution, sometimes jumping between attacking it from the top (overall structure of the problem) and the bottom (building solutions for specific sub-problems).
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AskComputerScience
ujomal
How to become a better programmer/computer engineer? I know this question may sound simple (considering that I could ask Google directly). But I would like to know/read some advice from real people and their experience, about what things I can do to become a better programmer and computer engineer (career I study). Regardless of being a woman in a field where there are very few women (at least at my university), it has cost me a little more than my peers to be able to immediately learn the programming logic and programming languages themselves and many times that discourages me even though I love my career. I would like to read them to see if they have any advice to be able to see what tricks I could use to improve my good programming practices, to learn faster and in a good way. Thanks in advance ;)
Most crafts are learned by doing them. Painters paint, singers sing, sculptors sculpt. Coders code. IOW, practice. Find problems, invent them if you have to, and then solve them. Study other people's code to learn how it works, modify it to do something different.
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AskComputerScience
ujpuct
Old folks of Reddit what was it like during the USSR era?? Was it hard???
The thing I remember most was when someone would defect and make their way to the US. The news would interview them and they’d talk about how bad it was, poverty, bread lines, crime, no fuel, etc, Many of them commented on how they thought they were being tricked when they first got to the US. They’d see new cars and happy people and fancy clothes, but the one that stands out was the one who went to a grocery store and thought it was a set-up. They couldn’t believe we had all that food. And anyone could go buy it. And the store would put out more. The person went to a few stores to make sure they weren’t being tricked.
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AskOldPeople
ujpuct
Old folks of Reddit what was it like during the USSR era?? Was it hard???
Not me, but a good friend grew up in Moscow int he 70's and 80's. The school system built up a cult of personality around Leonid Brezhnev. The USA was the great enemy and only Leonid Brezhnev could protect the USSR and all the children from an invasion from America. When Brezhnev unexpectedly died in 1982, my friend says all the school kids were terrified America would immediately invade, destroy the country and kill/ enslave everyone. Otherwise, my friend says life in the Soviet era was boring. There was not much to do. Lucky Muscovites had dachas or country cottages to occupy their summers. Some had cars, most did not. Kids could attend summer (Pioneer) camps. But otherwise one went to school, one went home to an apartment. Nobody was hungry but aside from some playing with friends outside or reading books there was little to do . My friend's dad was one of the few Soviet citizens able to travel overseas for work. He'd bring back a few Western consumer goods like Seiko watches which could be sold or traded in Moscow. They went on a summer vacation to the Black Sea one summer. He remembers walking along a beach, in Ukraine, in the late 70's, dad's hand in one hand and giant boiled cob of corn on a stick in the other hand. This corn-on-a - stick was a Soviet era treat for kids. Most people in Moscow lived in an apartment, but it was common for wealthier people to have a garage or workshop elsewhere in the city. Dads could get away from the family to the garage and tinker with projects, like repairing old furniture, old appliances or brew home made hooch. Self reliance was a big thing. Everyone knew how to sew/repair clothes, do gardening, grow vegetables, and do household repairs, leather-working and other practical skills. Few people hired people to do these things, they did it themselves.
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ujpuct
Old folks of Reddit what was it like during the USSR era?? Was it hard???
In some ways it was scary. Knowing any minute it could all melt away in a giant flash of light and radiation. OTOH, there was a great comfort knowing who the good guys and bad guys were. In particular, society was so busy being united behind defeating them - most years there was barely even a culture war
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ujs34p
What is the craziest/interesting/unlikely event you have ever personally witnessed?
Just as the Sun was setting in the West over the open ocean I saw a green flash on the horizon line. The last section of the Sun's disc was disappearing and the yellow turned to a bright, almost neon green color for a fraction of a second. Don't know how rare the optical phenomenon is to observe, but I never saw it again since.
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ujs34p
What is the craziest/interesting/unlikely event you have ever personally witnessed?
Trump getting elected President of the United States in 2016
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AskOldPeople
ujs34p
What is the craziest/interesting/unlikely event you have ever personally witnessed?
When I was eight or nine, I was with the neighborhood kids on the street. For reasons I can’t recall, one of the kids Darrel B. got into a disagreement with Roy W., the oldest of the family that lived across from me and my brothers. Darrel B. Lived directly across from Roy’s family. Darrel who was 14 or so at the time ended up crying and proceeded to run home. After a few minutes, Darrel B’s dad came out and confronted Roy. Words where spoken and Darrel’s Dad pulled a gun and shot Roy in the chest. Roy had just turned 18. 30 minutes later, I’m walking down the street comforting his little sister, who has just just lost her Brother. This incident changed my perspective of my life in the United States.
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ujsz70
Many people use cloud storage nowadays. What would happen if the server your data is on breaks down? Do you lose the data or is there a backup? Is it possible for this to happen?
Any reputable service (e.g. Dropbox, Google Drive, iCloud) has multiple copies of data such that any single server failure wouldn't matter.
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AskComputerScience
ujsz70
Many people use cloud storage nowadays. What would happen if the server your data is on breaks down? Do you lose the data or is there a backup? Is it possible for this to happen?
Any reputable cloud storage provider will have backups, yes. Depending on the service you can even select how paranoid you want to be. Iron Mountain, for instance, will also create magnetic tape backups of the entire history of changes to the data you store. This is usually not for backup purposes but for companies that need to be able to comply with certain legal requests. They also offer services like a special facility built into a mine in case you're worried someone with an airforce might try to destroy your data.
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ujsz70
Many people use cloud storage nowadays. What would happen if the server your data is on breaks down? Do you lose the data or is there a backup? Is it possible for this to happen?
me: worked on distributed file systems / cloud storage and map-reduce infrastructure. It's very, very unlikely for you to lose your data stored in the cloud. Typically it is substantially less likely than losing it due to a problem on your computer such as hard disk corruption, disk crash, hardware failure, etc. Why? Typically your data will be stored in at LEAST two places, and usually more. It will also typically be broken up into 'blocks', and those blocks will be spread across many different servers, each block being replicated to multiple servers. There are background processes that make sure there is more than one copy of your data, and if the replication factor is e.g. 4, it will (eventually) detect if more replicas are needed, and copy one of the copies of that block to additional places to meet the replication factor. There's fancier schemes too (such as erasure coding), but it boils down to about the same thing. In this world, in order to lose the cloud copy of your data, a bunch of different servers on different racks and possibly in different geographical locations would have to fail at about the same time. And even then, you would be talking about losing part of ONE file typically, not all of your files. Can it happen? Sure. I'm sure it's happened hundreds of times to hundreds of files over the last year. But given we're talking about billions or trillions of files, it's much more reliable than your local storage. One last note / admission - it's entirely possible for your data to be temporarily inaccessible. For example, a power outage or a network outage isolates the machines in the datacenter for a while. But, it pretty much always comes back.
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ujtwto
Diseases like Ebola and Rabies are much more fatal in humans than in their host species. Are there any diseases that are relatively safe in humans, but are lethal in animals?
Bluetongue is fairly hard to catch and has mild symptoms in humans, but is deadly for sheep. It is a very serious disease for African pastoralists that is vectored by tiny biting sand flies. Animals that can carry a disease that harms other animals, but has little or no ill effects for itself is called a reservoir species. Edit: I feel I need to clarify my post here. Humans, by virtue of not being able to catch bluetongue easily, are not specifically a reservoir species for bluetongue. An example of reservoir species for bluetongue would be non-sheep ruminants like cattle; cows can catch bluetongue much more easily than people, but exhibit only mild or no symptoms. OP's question was specifically about diseases that are "safe" for humans, but dangerous for other animals, and not specifically about reservoir species, but I thought I would mention the concept since it is a good jumping off point for looking at other examples of the same phenomena.
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ujtwto
Diseases like Ebola and Rabies are much more fatal in humans than in their host species. Are there any diseases that are relatively safe in humans, but are lethal in animals?
People probably think about disease, infections, and pathogens in ways that are too binary. It's not like you have zero viruses, then one gets on you and bam you're infected. An infection is really when a microbe starts causing problems for your body. And it's not like bacteria and virus are good or bad. They're just doing their thing. Most of the time your body is fine with it, but sometimes things get out of hand. You can have "beneficial" bacteria helping you in one area of your body, but that same bacteria gets somewhere it it's not supposed to be and now it's an infection. So you don't even need to look at diseases in different species. The same bacteria can be beneficial AND also lethal in the same animal. You body is a complex ecosystem and problems arise when the ecosystem becomes unbalanced. Check out I Contain Multitudes by Ed Yong: https://www.goodreads.com/book/show/27213168-i-contain-multitudes
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ujtwto
Diseases like Ebola and Rabies are much more fatal in humans than in their host species. Are there any diseases that are relatively safe in humans, but are lethal in animals?
[removed]
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ujuqux
Am 67. What comes to mind is Leisure Seeker, Still Alice, and On Golden Pond.
Grumpy Old Men
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AskOldPeople
ujuqux
Am 67. What comes to mind is Leisure Seeker, Still Alice, and On Golden Pond.
"Older people" is one of those generalizations. We're all over the map. I'll send you off to see "Harold and Maude," if you haven't already, about a young person acting old, and an old person who's very young. I've known a Maude or two, though not in that way. ;-)
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ujuqux
Am 67. What comes to mind is Leisure Seeker, Still Alice, and On Golden Pond.
Older people are still individuals. I'm afraid this question is only going to yield answers that reinforce stereotypes.
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ujwvla
Noob question but why are deployment environments named like this? I mean what do they mean by "production"? Shouldn't it be something like "global" (it would make sense since the first one is "local") And what does the word "staging" mean? It's a bit counterintuitive to remember each of these since the names (seemingly) don't make sense. P.S.: English isn't my first language so if the answers are obvious to someone, please keep in mind they aren't to me :)
I kind of thought of it in terms of a theatre performance metaphor. Production is the live site. It's the site the public visits. Like a theatre or music "production". It's the "live show" that everyone actually watches, so to speak. Staging is the final practice grounds. Where everything is finally rehearsed just before going live. This isn't the the actual production yet though, were just giving it a last trial before giving the live production. We're "stage testing" the performance. Seeing what it looks like in a nearly identical environment to the live production (just minus the audience, ideally). Local doesn't fit the theatre metaphor that well, but it's just your local machine usually. If you want to wedge it into the metaphor, it's the place an individual actor/actress will learn their lines and practice their performance etc.
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ujwvla
Noob question but why are deployment environments named like this? I mean what do they mean by "production"? Shouldn't it be something like "global" (it would make sense since the first one is "local") And what does the word "staging" mean? It's a bit counterintuitive to remember each of these since the names (seemingly) don't make sense. P.S.: English isn't my first language so if the answers are obvious to someone, please keep in mind they aren't to me :)
I don't know where the names actually originate, but I always assumed "production" was inspired by something like a factory. "Putting something into production" means you've finished testing your prototypes, and now you're firing up the assembly lines to make the final products that will actually be shipped to real customers.
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uk2ahs
Similar to reddit, there's a constant stream of new user generated content going to my server, plus visits to the content when players share and play it. I'd like a fast way to show the most popular ones today, this week, this month, and this year. I'm not even sure what this category of algorithm is called. I've tried to google combinations of keywords like: * computer science * algorithm * top, best, sorted * weekly, monthly, yearly * rolling, rolling average But I just get "best computer science topics" and "best sorting algorithms" and "how to get the day of week from a date". It seems to me that some daily operation could combine stats into buckets of the past 7 days, the past 4 weeks, and the past 12 months, but I don't see the full picture yet. Some keywords, wiki pages, blog posts, examples, or tools would be great. Thoughts? Thanks!
I'd describe this problem as a "top-k query over a sliding window". Maybe that search term will give you better results? There are fancy algorithms to try to solve this problem incrementally and/or approximately, but unless you're talking about a huge amount of data, it probably makes sense to just periodically compute the top items with a simple database query, and cache the result. Querying over a longer time range will be slower, but it also won't need to be updated as frequently.
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uk2ahs
Similar to reddit, there's a constant stream of new user generated content going to my server, plus visits to the content when players share and play it. I'd like a fast way to show the most popular ones today, this week, this month, and this year. I'm not even sure what this category of algorithm is called. I've tried to google combinations of keywords like: * computer science * algorithm * top, best, sorted * weekly, monthly, yearly * rolling, rolling average But I just get "best computer science topics" and "best sorting algorithms" and "how to get the day of week from a date". It seems to me that some daily operation could combine stats into buckets of the past 7 days, the past 4 weeks, and the past 12 months, but I don't see the full picture yet. Some keywords, wiki pages, blog posts, examples, or tools would be great. Thoughts? Thanks!
My intuition, having never written something like that before, is to go with a 'brute force' database implementation until you know you need something better. Shove everything into an SQL database and do a `SELECT * WHERE DATE = whatever ORDER BY 'score' LIMIT 10;` esque query. If/when you outgrow this, I'd go with separate day/week/month/year tables with an index on score (one that supports ordering) plus cronjobs that regularly drop old entries. My other thought is I haven't used Redis much but I *think* you can make it work with sorted sets and TTL (time-to-live) values. Also [this is not what you are asking but interesting and relevant](https://medium.com/jp-tech/how-are-popular-ranking-algorithms-such-as-reddit-and-hacker-news-working-724e639ed9f7). I found that with a search of "top posts rolling 24 hours algorithm -instagram" which has other interesting results.
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uk3p5u
So was learning the data types part of the Rust book and saw this - When you’re compiling in release mode with the --release flag, Rust does *not* include checks for integer overflow that cause panics. Instead, if overflow occurs, Rust performs *two’s complement wrapping*. In short, values greater than the maximum value the type can hold “wrap around” to the minimum of the values the type can hold. In the case of a u8 , the value 256 becomes 0, the value 257 becomes 1, and so on. The program won’t panic, but the variable will have a value that probably isn’t what you were expecting it to have. Relying on integer overflow’s wrapping behavior is considered an error. ​ My question is why even perform this integer wrapping. The program will be getting a value that is unexpected and it will likely be more of a bug. Why not just perform the same thing that is in debug mode that is crash the program.
This is one of the few places where Rust chose a small speed increase over a fairly important safety issue. See [Issue #47739](https://github.com/rust-lang/rust/issues/47739) for a discussion. This 2016 [blog post](https://huonw.github.io/blog/2016/04/myths-and-legends-about-integer-overflow-in-rust/) on the topic is quite good. You can enable overflow checks for release builds in your `Cargo.toml` via [profile.release] overflow-checks = true
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LearnRust
uk3p5u
So was learning the data types part of the Rust book and saw this - When you’re compiling in release mode with the --release flag, Rust does *not* include checks for integer overflow that cause panics. Instead, if overflow occurs, Rust performs *two’s complement wrapping*. In short, values greater than the maximum value the type can hold “wrap around” to the minimum of the values the type can hold. In the case of a u8 , the value 256 becomes 0, the value 257 becomes 1, and so on. The program won’t panic, but the variable will have a value that probably isn’t what you were expecting it to have. Relying on integer overflow’s wrapping behavior is considered an error. ​ My question is why even perform this integer wrapping. The program will be getting a value that is unexpected and it will likely be more of a bug. Why not just perform the same thing that is in debug mode that is crash the program.
I think wraping is just faster. You don't need to do anything to wrap but to panic you need to check for overflow every time.
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LearnRust
uk3p5u
So was learning the data types part of the Rust book and saw this - When you’re compiling in release mode with the --release flag, Rust does *not* include checks for integer overflow that cause panics. Instead, if overflow occurs, Rust performs *two’s complement wrapping*. In short, values greater than the maximum value the type can hold “wrap around” to the minimum of the values the type can hold. In the case of a u8 , the value 256 becomes 0, the value 257 becomes 1, and so on. The program won’t panic, but the variable will have a value that probably isn’t what you were expecting it to have. Relying on integer overflow’s wrapping behavior is considered an error. ​ My question is why even perform this integer wrapping. The program will be getting a value that is unexpected and it will likely be more of a bug. Why not just perform the same thing that is in debug mode that is crash the program.
ELI5. A computer uses a fixed size for it's number types. So every number is basically like a mileage indicator (odometer) in your car. Let's assume just for fun that your car has a milage indicator with four digits. If your car shows 9997 miles and you add six miles your car will show 3 miles (0003). In your computer it works exactly the same but in binary. Because of that the number of different states a number can have is always a power of 2, like 256. So if you have an u8 it overflows from 255 to 0, if you have an i8 you also have "room" for 256 different values but they are offset and will overflow from 127 to -128. So in debug mode rust adds checks to every operation that can overflow to determine if it would overflow. Those checks are many CPU instructions long and cost time. In release mode rust doesn't check and just uses (in most cases) a single CPU instruction (let's ignore LLVM for now) and this unchecked simple CPU instructions works like a binary milage indicator in hardware and automatically overflows. Update: If you explicitly want to pay the runtime cost and make sure it doesn't overflow you could also use the "checked_xxx" operations like this one: https://doc.rust-lang.org/std/primitive.i32.html#method.checked_add
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LearnRust
uk481c
Hi everyone! So just recently, I got into the habit of devouring research papers about Software Engineering. I read on IEEE or ResearchGate; specifically on the topic of SDLC, Code Smells, Documenting Code, Security, and the like. After some time, I feel like doing and writing my own research too. However, the recommendations of the papers I've read so far are beyond my current skills. I then thought to myself that it's maybe because the authors of those papers are PhD holders and I'm just a college student. Now, I tried searching for thesis studies authored by an undergrad. Sadly, I didn't found much. So I just want to ask you guys if you know some sites where I can read undergrad thesis with rich recommendations for future researchers? Or maybe you have one from your undergrad years that you're willing to share. It would be really really helpful. Thank you so much for reading! Any suggestion, opinion, and answer will be greatly appreciated.
You can find theses created at my school. Perhaps that's of interest to you? https://findit.dtu.dk/en/catalog?availability%5B%5D=electronic&availability%5B%5D=printed&q=type%3Athesis&type=thesis_bachelor&utf8=%E2%9C%93
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AskComputerScience
uk481c
Hi everyone! So just recently, I got into the habit of devouring research papers about Software Engineering. I read on IEEE or ResearchGate; specifically on the topic of SDLC, Code Smells, Documenting Code, Security, and the like. After some time, I feel like doing and writing my own research too. However, the recommendations of the papers I've read so far are beyond my current skills. I then thought to myself that it's maybe because the authors of those papers are PhD holders and I'm just a college student. Now, I tried searching for thesis studies authored by an undergrad. Sadly, I didn't found much. So I just want to ask you guys if you know some sites where I can read undergrad thesis with rich recommendations for future researchers? Or maybe you have one from your undergrad years that you're willing to share. It would be really really helpful. Thank you so much for reading! Any suggestion, opinion, and answer will be greatly appreciated.
Usually, undergrads are doing research under their professors and it’s rare to see a paper published by an undergrad as a first name, even rarer to see a paper published by an undergrad themself. But really, the research process and writing doesn’t change whether you’re a PhD, undergrad, tenured professor or industry researcher. Your goal is to convey the problem you’re studying and maybe propose a solution backed with thorough analysis. The reason why you feel those paper are above your skill level is because the authors have spent tremendous amount of time working on that subject and have accrued great understanding of the domain in that time. My advice is that undergrad papers aren’t usually that great. Of course, there’s always that rare exception. But it’s best to learn and imitate the best. If you’re really passionate about research and academia, perhaps talk to one of your professors and see if they need an undergrad in their research. You’ll learn so much more than going solo
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AskComputerScience
uk481c
Hi everyone! So just recently, I got into the habit of devouring research papers about Software Engineering. I read on IEEE or ResearchGate; specifically on the topic of SDLC, Code Smells, Documenting Code, Security, and the like. After some time, I feel like doing and writing my own research too. However, the recommendations of the papers I've read so far are beyond my current skills. I then thought to myself that it's maybe because the authors of those papers are PhD holders and I'm just a college student. Now, I tried searching for thesis studies authored by an undergrad. Sadly, I didn't found much. So I just want to ask you guys if you know some sites where I can read undergrad thesis with rich recommendations for future researchers? Or maybe you have one from your undergrad years that you're willing to share. It would be really really helpful. Thank you so much for reading! Any suggestion, opinion, and answer will be greatly appreciated.
plural of thesis is theses.
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AskComputerScience
uk4jnr
Boomer here. I was in my 20s in 1980s Southern California. I have zero memories of adolescent boys sporting bowl-over-the-head haircuts in the 1980s like many of the male leads in the TV show “Stranger Things”. I do distinctly remember them exclusively on clueless middle-aged men, in what seemed to me to be some kind of Beatles carryover, but never on teenage boys. Was this may be a regional thing exclusive to the Midwest and/or East Coast? Or is my recollection wrong?
I thought they were trying to look like Moe Howard.
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AskOldPeople
uk4jnr
Boomer here. I was in my 20s in 1980s Southern California. I have zero memories of adolescent boys sporting bowl-over-the-head haircuts in the 1980s like many of the male leads in the TV show “Stranger Things”. I do distinctly remember them exclusively on clueless middle-aged men, in what seemed to me to be some kind of Beatles carryover, but never on teenage boys. Was this may be a regional thing exclusive to the Midwest and/or East Coast? Or is my recollection wrong?
I was in elementary school in the 1980s in coastal Southern California and about half the boys in my class had that exact haircut.
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AskOldPeople
uk4jnr
Boomer here. I was in my 20s in 1980s Southern California. I have zero memories of adolescent boys sporting bowl-over-the-head haircuts in the 1980s like many of the male leads in the TV show “Stranger Things”. I do distinctly remember them exclusively on clueless middle-aged men, in what seemed to me to be some kind of Beatles carryover, but never on teenage boys. Was this may be a regional thing exclusive to the Midwest and/or East Coast? Or is my recollection wrong?
In my kindergarden pics (1974, Australia) I have what I call the [Nicholas Bradford](https://www.gettyimages.co.nz/photos/nicholas-bradford) haircut. It was a popular look in the second half of the 1970s up to around 1981 - mainly for little boys. [Older guys had a similar cut](https://www.tvflashback.com.au/peter-mochrie-the-restless-years/) but usually more 'flicked'. After 1981 our haircuts were more influenced by [The Human League](https://www.officialcharts.com/artist/18435/human-league/).
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AskOldPeople
uk880b
Just saw a post here about which movies portrayed old people best; was wondering what people here thought of “Up.” It came out when I was a kid, so I’m wondering in what ways watching it from an older perspective would be from a younger perspective.
My husband passed away just after I turned 50, so those first few minutes were completely accurate. It happens just that fast. Suddenly, your happy-ever-after is gone, and you're facing your last twenty years all by yourself. The rest of the movie is the moral of the story -- you find something to live for, or you sit around and wait to die.
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uk880b
Just saw a post here about which movies portrayed old people best; was wondering what people here thought of “Up.” It came out when I was a kid, so I’m wondering in what ways watching it from an older perspective would be from a younger perspective.
One of the best 10 minutes of any movie ever. I cried like a baby. After the first 10 minutes I was emotionally spent. Could have gone home and still felt it was one of the best movies I’d seen.
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AskOldPeople
uk880b
Just saw a post here about which movies portrayed old people best; was wondering what people here thought of “Up.” It came out when I was a kid, so I’m wondering in what ways watching it from an older perspective would be from a younger perspective.
>It came out when I was a kid, Okay, reading that I did a double take. Somehow in my head, that would have been just a few years ago, not the thirteen years it actually was. Fuck, I'm old.
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