doc_id stringlengths 36 36 | url stringlengths 13 2.05k | host stringlengths 4 75 | crawl_date stringdate 2026-02-06 18:15:19 2026-02-06 21:10:38 | warc_record_id stringlengths 47 47 | warc_refers_to stringlengths 47 47 | html_length int64 1 524k | markdown_length int64 1 902k | markdown stringlengths 1 524k |
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e3e385ad-b561-4f35-b9f3-32b3f3d4c5b2 | https://bior.lv/lv/aktualitates-lv/baltijas-valstis-vienojas-par-ciesaku-sadarbibu-ar-partiku-saistito-risku-novertesana-un-uztura-bagatinataju-lietosanas-drosuma-stiprinasana/ | bior.lv | 2026-02-06T19:10:43Z | <urn:uuid:e3e385ad-b561-4f35-b9f3-32b3f3d4c5b2> | <urn:uuid:21d1e0bc-c106-440e-b8fe-1f27f640cf90> | 68,314 | 3,444 | # Baltijas valstis vienojas par ciešāku sadarbību ar pārtiku saistīto risku novērtēšanā un uztura bagātinātāju lietošanas drošuma stiprināšanā
03.12.2025
[](https://bior.lv/wp-content/uploads/2025/12/26112025_Tartu_-EE_1.jpeg)
Pagājušajā nedēļā Tartu (Igaunija) pulcējās Latvijas, Lietuvas un Igaunijas eksperti, lai pārrunātu aktuālās sadarbības iespējas un dalītos ar Baltijas valstu pieredzi uztura bagātinātāju tirgus uzraudzībā un ar to saistīto risku izvērtēšanā. Tikšanās notika EFSA koordinētās komunikācijas iniciatīvas ietvaros, un tā iezīmēja nozīmīgu soli Baltijas valstu ekspertu sadarbības nostiprināšanā.
Kopīgā semināra laikā tika identificētas vairākas kopīgas problēmas, ar kurām saskaras visas trīs valstis. Sabiedrībā joprojām trūkst pietiekamas izpratnes par atšķirību starp uztura bagātinātājiem un pārtikas piedevām, tāpat aktualizējās jautājums par uzticamu un patiesu informāciju reklāmās, sociālo tīklu ierakstos — veselīguma norādes nereti tiek interpretētas pārāk brīvi, un patērētājiem jāpalīdz orientēties, kuri no apgalvojumiem patiešām ir uzticami.
Liela uzmanība tika veltīta arī pētījumos iegūtajiem datiem. Lai saprastu, cik daudz un kādus uztura bagātinātājus lieto dažādas iedzīvotāju grupas, nākotnē jāpilnveido pieejamās datu iegūšanas metodes — jādomā par ērtākiem risinājumiem gan pētniekiem datu apkopošanai, gan arī pētījumu dalībniekiem, piemēram, pievienojot ēdienu fotogrāfijas pētījumos, kuros ir jāapraksta savs ikdienas uzturs. Diskusijas raisīja arī jautājums par vitamīnu un minerālvielu uzņemšanu no dažādiem avotiem, ņemot vērā ne tikai uztura bagātinātājus, bet arī ar vitamīniem un minerālvielām bagātinātos pārtikas produktus.
Ne mazāk svarīga tēma bija uztura bagātinātāju regulējums. Dažādās valstīs ļoti atšķiras reģistrācijas vai paziņošanas sistēmas un to prasības, kas apgrūtina gan uzraudzību, gan uzņēmēju darbu, kā arī rada neskaidrības par tā sauktajiem “robežproduktiem”, par kuriem trūkst vienprātības – vai tie būtu reģistrējami kā uztura bagātinātāji vai zāles. Tāpēc viena no svarīgākajām atziņām bija nepieciešamība ciešāk sadarboties Baltijas līmenī. Tikšanās dalībnieki vienojās par regulāru informācijas apmaiņu, kopīgām diskusijām pirms Eiropas Komisijas sanāksmēm un saskaņotu nostāju būtiskos jautājumos.
Eksperti apsprieda arī sadarbību praktiskā līmenī, domājot par risinājumiem, kas varētu atvieglot gan kontroles procesu, gan uzņēmēju darbu, kā arī skarot jautājumu par uztura bagātinātāju blakusefektu sistēmas izveidošanu.
Tikšanās noslēgumā valstu eksperti vienojās par vairākiem praktiskiem uzdevumiem – turpināt mācīties no citu valstu pieredzes, izvērtēt iespējas kopīgām informatīvām kampaņām, īpaši par uztura bagātinātājiem un citiem pārtikas produktiem ar augu izcelsmes sastāvdaļām.
Tikšanās Tartu apliecināja — Baltijas valstis saskaras ar līdzīgiem izaicinājumiem, un tikai kopīga pieeja var nodrošināt drošāku, caurspīdīgāku uztura bagātinātāju tirgu un informētāku patērētāju. Šī bija būtiska diskusija ceļā uz ciešāku sadarbību un mūsdienīgāku uzraudzības sistēmu visā reģionā. |
5c5320e2-bf19-4148-b961-1d675e1d9eda | https://bigstirka.com/index.php?route=product/product&path=304_311&product_id=108440 | bigstirka.com | 2026-02-06T19:44:29Z | <urn:uuid:5c5320e2-bf19-4148-b961-1d675e1d9eda> | <urn:uuid:4683d35a-49ce-4e7d-bfb4-ad43e72da09e> | 398,415 | 16,047 | - 
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6f4493d2-ee83-412c-b918-4cc5de957757 | https://billionaire365.com/2018/10/05/call-of-duty-black-ops-4-lets-players-decide-how-they-pick-up-in-game-items/?amp=1 | billionaire365.com | 2026-02-06T19:55:24Z | <urn:uuid:6f4493d2-ee83-412c-b918-4cc5de957757> | <urn:uuid:5bc89089-2f8e-469d-9c90-5804dad05baf> | 100,278 | 2,527 | 
Those players who pre-ordered Call of Duty Black Ops 4 were able to access the Private Beta of the new battle royale mode called Blackout last month. In this way, players could test and give feedback to Treyarch about the functioning of the battle royale mode. However, the CoD Black Ops 4’s items pick up function created some controversies among Beta testers.
In this sense, one of the most controversial issues was the way players had to use to pick up the in-game items (weapons, objects, etc.). On Xbox One, it was necessary to keep the X button pressed to add an article to the inventory or equip it directly. At first, it was required to hold the button for several seconds and then, in a beta update, Treyarch reduced the time even more.
However, that new update has not got a good response from players and, finally, Treyarch has announced on Twitter that players will be able to configure the way they pick up in-game items.
### Treyarch chose to give Call of Duty Black Ops 4 players the option to select how they pick up items
Also, Treyarch has published an image in which you can check out the options menu where we can choose whether to pick up items by holding the corresponding button or by just pressing it.
However, in the same tweet, David Vonderhaar, design director of Treyarch, warns players that would select the option to collect objects only by pressing the corresponding button that they cannot reload the weapon while picking up items.
Treyarch’s Call of Duty Black Ops 4 will go on sale next Friday, October 12th, on Xbox One, PlayStation 4 and PC, and will include the long-sought-after battle royale mode, Blackout. So, we expect a fabulous new CoD title, modernized for multiplayer via its own battle royale mode.
[Anna Galvez](https://billionaire365.com/author/anna/?amp=1)
- Tags [Call of Duty: Black Ops 4](https://billionaire365.com/tag/call-of-duty-black-ops-4/?amp=1) |
f2536b5f-028f-4c7d-9d59-fbc333c81b7d | https://biolove.biz/kanri/fuyugosi.html | biolove.biz | 2026-02-06T20:08:12Z | <urn:uuid:f2536b5f-028f-4c7d-9d59-fbc333c81b7d> | <urn:uuid:732bdfe5-0e36-4b7f-8a7f-e042a6483d89> | 26,286 | 4,374 | # 水鉢ビオトープの冬越し準備と冬の管理の仕方
## 
水鉢を使った簡単なめだかビオトープの作り方、水性植物の育て方、めだかの飼い方
[トップ](../) ** [水鉢ビオトープの管理の仕方](../kanri/) ** 水鉢ビオトープの冬越し準備と冬の管理の仕方
### 水鉢ビオトープの冬越し準備と冬の管理の仕方
秋も深まると、いよいよ水鉢ビオトープもお休みの季節です。
冬は多くの水生植物の地上部が枯れてしまいますが、地中部分は無事 冬を越すことができるものもあります。（一部の植物で冬でも枯れずに楽しめるものもあります）
メダカなどの水辺の生体も、底の方でじっとして寒い冬を越します。 越冬する植物や生き物達のための準備が欠かせません。
大切な水生植物や生き物達のために11月中には冬越しの準備を始めましょう。
※お住まいの地域にもよります。
デンジソウ（ウォータークローバー）と
サンショウモ
---
### 地上部が枯れたようになっても水を切らさない
水生植物は地上に出ている部分は枯れてしまうものがほとんど。 でも、上手に冬越しさせれば春に又芽を出す植物も多いのです。
植物が枯れたようになっても水を切らさない。これがまず基本です。
枯れた葉や茎はそのままで、春まで水鉢内で根を越冬させます。 水鉢を動かすことができなくて、しかも玄関などにおいてある場合などは、 見た目あまりきれいではありませんのでそろえて刈り取っても良いでしょう。 ただこのときは、あまり短く刈りすぎないようにします。
植物の場合、「根を凍らせない」ように気をつけます。根が凍ってしまったら春になっても芽が出てきません。 水面に薄く氷が張っても、中まで凍ってなければたいていは大丈夫。水をたっぷり入れておきましょう。
水鉢の中に、戸外で越冬できる植物しか植えてなければそのまま戸外での冬越しがオーケーです。 屋外で冬を越せない植物や生体はやっぱり室内に入れるのが理想ですが、できなければ 日当たりの良い戸外の屋根の下（軒下）などに置きます。
「アカヒレ」は私は念のため室内へ入れています。が、薄氷が貼る程度なら冬越しが可能なようです。 どじょうなど、寒さに強い生き物、近所で野外採集した生き物などは屋外で比較的大丈夫。
浮き草は簡単に移動できますね。ほてい草、サンショウモなど、冬は枯れてしまうので、 室内の日の当たる場所か、軒下などに移動させるといいでしょう。
水生植物が枯れたと思っていたら春になって芽が出てきた、なんてこともあります。
あきらめないで、春までぜひ待ってみてくださいね。
---
[←水鉢ビオトープの管理の仕方一覧へ](http://biolove.biz/kanri/)
[水鉢ビオトープの水性植物の葉が伸びた時の管理](../kanri/kirisoroeru.html)
[カテゴリ「「水鉢日記」徒然なる水鉢の生き物たち」](../blog/)
** カテゴリ内エントリ
- [水鉢ビオトープの真夏の水温対策](../kanri/manatu.html)
- [水鉢ビオトープの水性植物の葉が伸びた時の管理](../kanri/kirisoroeru.html)
[トップページ](../) ｜ [水鉢ビオトープと自然環境](../kankyo/caution.html) ｜ [始め方・作り方](../how-to/) ｜ [ビオトープの水辺植物](../syokubutu/syurui.html) ｜ [ビオトープで飼う生体](../seitai/) ｜ [管理の仕方](../kanri/) ｜ [水鉢日記](../blog/)
Copyright © 水鉢を使った簡単めだかビオトープ All Rights Reserved. |
5c4cf857-0806-4390-93ed-ab73a51c6cbc | https://bilwebauctions.se/varauktion-2019/trabant-601-lx-2-cyl-2-takt-1403 | bilwebauctions.se | 2026-02-06T18:25:48Z | <urn:uuid:5c4cf857-0806-4390-93ed-ab73a51c6cbc> | <urn:uuid:2e724ecb-78e1-428a-9350-97502a87b734> | 85,991 | 47,035 | 
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# Trabant 601 LX 2 cyl 2-takt — 1990
Här kommer en unik Trabant. En av de sista tillverkade 1990.
Bilen har bara rullat 9 mil!
Ted Gryth
Besiktningsman
[Skicka E-post meddelande](mailto:ted@bilwebauctions.se)
*"En orörd bil i nyskick som har förvarats bra. Kan dock vara svårt att få den registreringsbesiktad."*
NEDRÄKNING
HÖGSTA BUD
AVSLUTAD
46 000SEK
OBJEKTNR
LAGERORT
11685
OLOFSTRÖM
RESERVATIONSPRIS
Uppnått
**LOGGA IN FÖR ATT LÄGGA BUD**
Du behöver ha ett konto och vara inloggad för att lägga bud.
[AVBRYT](#)
[LOGGA IN](/login?ref=/varauktion-2019/trabant-601-lx-2-cyl-2-takt-1403)
**Äger du en liknande Trabant 601 LX?**
[Kontakta oss för en kostnadsfri värdering.](/salja-bil)
Ted Gryth
Besiktningsman
[Skicka E-post meddelande](mailto:ted@bilwebauctions.se?subject=Objekt: 11685 Trabant 601 LX 2 cyl 2-takt — 1990)
"En orörd bil i nyskick som har förvarats bra. Kan dock vara svårt att få den registreringsbesiktad."
## Beskrivning
Här kommer en unik Trabant. En av de sista tillverkade 1990, från våren 1990. (90 dagar efter Berlinmurens fall) I juni 1990 stängde fabriken efter 33 år av produktion av den bil som Östtysklands mest älskade (och hatade) folkbil.
Detta exemplar är i absolut nyskick och har bara gått 9 mil. Det är exportmodellen (lyxmodellen) som såldes till andra öststater som Tjeckien, Jugoslavien och Turkiet med mera.
Exportmodellen kännetecknas av gladare kulör (standard var gråbeige) extraljus, kromade stötfångare, svarta strålkastar- och grillsarger, nackstöd, brun nylonklädsel (samma material som i nylonstrumpor). Hjulnav utan navkapsel, istället sportig centrumkåpa och mutterskydd i svart plast. Instruktionsboken var dock alltjämt tryckt september 1977 (i dagstidningspapper) för efter detta datum skedde inga detaljförändringar. Praktiskt så, vilket kännetecknade en plan-ekonomi och något att tänka på idag, när utvecklingen av många anses gått för långt åt andra hållet (mångfald utan begränsningar), vilket kräver enorma miljöresurser osv.
[Gratis historik (8)](https://was.carfax.eu/v1/api/icr/1/token/eyJhbGciOiJIUzI1NiIsInR5cCI6IkpXVCJ9.eyJDQ0RJRCI6IjUxMDAwMjQyMTEiLCJMUCI6IlBDUDE2NiIsIkNPVU5UUlkiOiJzZSIsIkNVU1RPTUVSX0xPQ0FUSU9OX0NPVU5UUlkiOiJzZSIsIkxBTkciOiJzdiIsIkFOT05ZTUlaRSI6MCwiQ0hFQ0tTVU0iOiJleUpoYkdjaU9pSklVekkxTmlJc0luUjVjQ0k2SWtwWFZDSjkuZTMwLlRBNFVJVkpHQVdkbHNLSEpEQTBFb2U2XzBIdXR2eVRZQldMUU1fU0RmZFkiLCJleHAiOiIxNzczMDQwNjI4In0.1q0XB_hR3h7tOf5-jSLMPkTnvnUZZMhxyrFjyuzJ5Gk)
## Tekniska data
- Årsmodell/modellår
1990/1990
- Första registreringsdatum
- Avläst mätarställning
90 km
- Kw / hk
19 / 26
- Drivmedel
Bensin
- Växellåda
Manuell
- Klädsel
Textil
- Färg
Gul
## Skickbedömning
-
###### Skick tekniskt:
Nyskick, endast några slangar i motorrummet har torrsprickor.
-
###### Skick interiör:
Som ny.
-
###### Skick exteriör:
Inget att anmärka på förutom lite ytrost på fälgar
-
###### Skick helhet:
Som ny, dock är den ej registreringsbesiktad vilket kan bli problem då den inte uppfyller vissa krav för årsmodellen.
## Fordonsuppgifter från Transportstyrelsen
Fordonsstatus: Avst 1990-07-05 (Förreg)
Ursprungsbesiktning: -
Datum i trafik första gången: -
Besiktigad tom: -
Senast godkända besiktning: -
Körförbud: Nej
Skattebefriad: Ja
Årsskatt: 585 SEK
Antal ägare: -
## Fakta om modellen
När muren Berlinmuren föll 1989 öppnades bilmarknaden upp för Östtyskland och den klassiska bilikonen för öst, Trabant – ”Trabi” – blev en verklig samlarbil för övriga världen. Snabbt blev den lilla kompakta siluetten populär i media och bland kändisar.
En bit in på 1990-talet började Volkswagen leverera fyrcylindriga fyrtaktsmotorer från Polo som ersättning för den klassiska tvåtaktsmotorn, men de verkliga Trabi-fansen vill ha sin bil med ”originalmotorn”.
Intressant är att i Östtyskland var det lång väntetid för att kunna köpa sin Trabant, vissa kunder fick köa i upp till 10-15 år!
Att köra Trabant av senare årsmodell är som en tidsresa bakåt i tiden. Karossen i pressad kompositmaterial (papp/plast) är lätt och ger lite ljudisolering, i en Trabant ska motorn smattra högt och hela körupplevelsen är en blandning av häftig närvaro och klar östeuropeisk stil.
Trabant 601 fanns i en mängd versioner, tvådörrars sedancoupé är den vanligast men bilen fanns också som kombi, varubil och till och med i öppet militärutförande.
Designen är mix av 1950/60/70-tal med sina antydningar till stjärtfenor, runda strålkastare och kompakta format. Helt klart är Trabant är en av de verkliga bilklassikerna genom tiderna.
## Lagerort och visningsinfo
Välkomna på visning på **Brocenter i Olofström** enligt nedan:
- Söndagen den 5:e maj kl.13:00 till 17:00
Visningsadress: Brostugevägen 1, 29342 Olofström
## Hämtning
Hämtning sker efter tidsbokning. Vänligen boka tid genom att ringa till Ted Gryth på telefon +46 705 65 67 27 eller maila till ted.gryth@bilwebauctions.se
Hämtning skall ske senast fredagen den 24:e maj.
OBS! Betalning (deposition till vårt klientmedelskonto) skall ske inom 5 dagar och innan hämtning. När vi mottagit din deposition på vårt klientmedelskonto skickar vi en bekräftelse till din e-postadress och du kan planera för hämtning.
## Auktionsinfo
###### Allmänt om skicket på fordonen
- På denna auktion har många fordon ingått i bilsamlingar och stått stilla länge. Av denna anledning är de beskrivna utifrån ett samlarperspektiv och kan behöva teknisk genomgång / underhållsservice (oljeservice, byte batteri, däck, bromsöversyn mm) innan de kan tas i bruk.
###### Viktigt att veta innan du bjuder!
- När du ropat in ett objekt och reservationspris uppnåtts, vill vi att du deponerar hela köpesumman på vårt klientmedelskonto innan hämtning kan ske.
- När du skall hämta ett inropat objekt vill vi att du synar detta noga (undersöker det). Anser du då att objektet inte motsvarar vår beskrivning behöver du inte fullfölja köpet. Istället återbetalas i detta läge deponerad köpesumma samt inropsavgift.
- Om du ej synar/undersöker objektet på plats, debiteras inropsavgift, men du behöver ej fullfölja affären.
## Bilweb Auctions auktionsvillkor 2026
[Auktions- och medlemsvillkor](javascript:void(0))
### 1. Inledning och bakgrund
Dessa auktions- och medlemsvillkor (”villkoren”) gäller mellan dig som privatperson eller er som företag eller annan juridisk person (”kunden”/”du”) och Bilweb Auctions AB, (nedan benämnt Bilweb Auctions), organisationsnummer 559095 - 4540. Genom att godkänna villkoren blir du, alternativt det företag eller annan juridisk person som du företräder, registrerad medlem hos Bilweb Auctions.
Villkoren gäller för kundens medlemskap hos (Bilweb Auctions), för användningen av Bilweb Auctions:s webbplats www.bilwebauctions.com (och [www.bilwebauctions.se](http://www.bilwebauctions.se)) och därtill hörande sidor (”webbplatsen”) samt för de tjänster, exempelvis budgivningsmöjlighet, som Bilweb Auctions tillhandahåller på Webbplatsen (”tjänsterna”). Om kunden inte accepterar att bli bunden av dessa villkor kan kunden inte använda eller få tillgång till tjänsterna. Om en kund väljer att utöva sin rättighet att köpa ett auktionsobjekt efter en genomförd och vunnen auktion på webbplatsen sker detta köp alltid på plats hos Bilweb Auctions. Konsumentköplagens regler gäller för sådana köp gentemot privatpersoner. För företag och andra juridiska personer gäller köplagen.
Genom att acceptera villkoren förbinder sig kunden samt dess företrädare att följa villkoren, och godkänner att denne tagit del av informationen om personuppgifter och samtyckt till användningen av cookies enligt Bilweb Auctions:s integritetspolicy. Villkoren, Bilweb Auctions:s integritetspolicy och den information som Bilweb Auctions anger på webbplatsen utgör det fullständiga avtalet mellan kunden och Bilweb Auctions rörande användning av webbplatsen och tjänsterna.
### 2. Bilweb Auctions:s roll och uppdragsgivare
Bilweb Auctions medarbetare har mer än 20 års erfarenhet av att sälja fordon och annan egendom på auktioner. Budgivningen sker online på webbplatsen. Bilweb Auctions värderar, hanterar och säljer egendom i eget namn men för annans räkning, främst för bilsamlande privatpersoner och företag men också för finans- och försäkringsbolag, bilhandelsföretag, konkursförvaltare och myndigheter. Som alla andra auktionsföretag är Bilweb Auctions roll att som agent, mot provision, förmedla egendom från de privatpersoner och företag med flera (”uppdragsgivare”) som ger i uppdrag åt Bilweb Auctions att sälja fordon och annan egendom till köpare. Bilweb Auctions säljer aldrig för egen räkning.
### 3. Registrering
Kunden registrerar sig för att kunna nyttja tjänsterna genom att fylla i registreringsformuläret på webbplatsen. Om ett företag eller annan juridisk person registreras som kund krävs att en fysisk person med behörighet att binda företaget till villkoren också är kontaktperson.
Att registrera sig som kund på webbplatsen sker utan kostnad. Efter att kunden har fyllt i sina uppgifter på webbplatsen erhåller kunden ett användarkonto. En aktiveringskod skickas till kunden via SMS. Behöver kunden hjälp med registreringen hänvisas kunden till Bilweb Auctions kundtjänst. Kunden ska ange korrekta personuppgifter och kontaktuppgifter samt hålla informationen uppdaterad. Kunden ansvarar för felaktigt ifyllda uppgifter. Information om Bilweb Auctions behandling av personuppgifter finns i Bilweb Auctions:s integritetspolicy som utgör en integrerad del av dessa villkor.
Webbplatsen är inte tillgänglig för och får inte användas av personer under 18 år eller som av annan orsak har begränsad rättshandlingsförmåga eller av Bilweb Auctions temporärt eller definitivt avstängda kunder.
Kunden är ansvarig för alla vidtagna handlingar som utförs under inloggning i kundens namn och lösenord. Kunden har endast rätt att använda tjänsten genom att använda eget login-namn eller e-postadress och lösenord. Kunden ska på bästa sätt tillse att lösenordet hålls hemligt och att det inte kommer till utomstående persons kännedom. Kunden får inte heller tillåta, direkt eller indirekt, att utomstående använder dennes login-namn, postadress eller lösenord. Lösenordet måste omedelbart ändras om det finns skäl att misstänka att informationen har avslöjats eller på annat sätt missbrukats. Kunden ska även omgående anmäla till Bilweb Auctions om det kan misstänkas att obehörig känner till kundens lösenord. Kundens eget login-namn, så kallat ”alias” skall inte på något sätt uppfattas kränkande eller vara formulerat så att det kan störa auktionen.
Det är förbjudet att delta i budgivningen av egna inlämnade objekt och att manipulera budgivningen genom ombud eller på annat sätt.
Om Bilweb Auctions misstänker att kunden missbrukar sitt användarkonto eller sina inloggningsuppgifter eller annars bryter mot villkoren har Bilweb Auctions rätt att stänga av kunden. Bilweb Auctions har även rätt att oavsett anledning tilldela kunden nya inloggningsuppgifter.
Bilweb Auctions är inte ansvarig för förluster orsakade till följd av otillåten användning av en kunds inloggningsuppgifter eller användarkonto om inte Bilweb Auctions gjort sig skyldig till försummelse.
### 4. Auktionerna, budgivning, skick, återköp och inropsavgift
Auktionsobjekten läggs ut till försäljning via auktion online på webbplatsen. Tester och beskrivningar av auktionsobjekt som läggs ut till försäljning sker alltid enligt Bilweb Auctions:s mallar och system och i enlighet med villkoren i tillämpliga delar. Alla auktionsobjekt säljs i befintligt skick och kunden måste själv undersöka och kontrollera objektets skick vid visning eller vid genomförande av köpet på plats. Kunden måste senast vid fullgörandet av köpet, före hämtning / leverans godkänna försäljningsobjektets skick. Skicket skall motsvara det kunden kan förvänta sig med hänsyn till beskrivning, ålder och bedömt allmänskick.
Bilweb Auctions ansvarar inte för skador eller brister som kan eller borde kunnat upptäckas vid undersökning och kontroll eller som framgår av objektets beskrivning. Bilweb Auctions kan inte garantera att alla uppgifter i detalj och faktauppgifter i beskrivningarna av objekten är korrekta (då de ofta bygger på mottagen information). Kunden måste därför själv, senast vid hämtnings / leveranstidpunkten, kontrollera objektet och tillhörande information. För historiska uppgifter om objekten (historik, tidigare ägare med mera) ansvarar Bilweb Auctions ej då dessa ofta är svåra att verifiera och styrka. Sådana uppgifter lämnas som kuriosa, utan att garanteras.
Återköpsvillkor; Om väsentliga fel upptäcks efter genomförd försäljning har Bilweb Auctions och dess uppdragsgivare rätt att återköpa objektet. Sker återköp ersätts endast köparens transportkostnader förutom köpesumman och inropsavgiften. Upptäcks väsentliga fel under pågående försäljning har Bilweb Auctions rätt att avbryta försäljningen utan ansvar för ev. kostnader för köpare.
### 4.1 Onlineauktion och möjlighet att deltaga även på annat sätt.
Bilweb Auctions onlineauktioner hålls löpande på webbplatsen. Nedan villkor gäller för budgivning via webbplatsen [www.bilwebauctions.com](http://www.bilwebauctions.com) / [www.bilwebauctions.se](http://www.bilwebauctions.se).
Budgivningen på webbplatsen sker helt öppet och kan följas av alla. För att kunna bjuda måste kunden först registrera sig som medlem enligt dessa villkor. En kund som önskar delta i en budgivning på webbplatsen får delta om denne uppfyller villkoren och åtar sig att följa Bilweb Auctions:s regler och anvisningar. Det är inte tillåtet att delta i budgivning på webbplatsen av egna inlämnade föremål eller att manipulera en budgivning på något sätt, exempelvis genom ombud. Den som lägger ett bud för annans räkning påtar sig fullt ansvar för fullföljande av köpet såsom den som lägger ett bud och därmed deltar i en budgivning för egen räkning. Bilweb Auctions förbehåller sig rätten att ta bort auktionsobjekt från webbplatsen under pågående budgivning.
En kund kan logga in och lägga ett bud på en auktion på webbplatsen när som helst fram tills auktionen stänger. Det kostar ingenting för en kund att lägga ett bud.
OBS! Om man som kund vinner en auktion (som högsta budgivare med uppnått reservationspris) förbinder man sig att erlägga inropsavgift och deponera köpesumman hos Bilweb Auctions för att sedan komma och på plats besiktiga och godkänna objektets skick (m.h.t. beskrivningen).
Om kunden vid besiktningen anser att objektet inte motsvarar beskrivning i väsentliga delar och allmänskick återbetalas deponerad köpesumma samt inropsavgift. Väljer vinnande kund att inte komma, själv eller genom ombud, till lagerplatsen för att besiktiga objektet äger Bilweb Auctions rätt att debitera inropsavgiften och sedan sälja om objektet / sälja objektet till annan budgivare / kund.
En kund som vill lägga ett bud skall följa instruktionerna på webbplatsen. Om en kund ångrar ett lagt bud och vill ta bort det, krävs det att kunden meddelar detta till Bilweb Auctions via e-post [info@bilwebauctions.se](mailto:info@bilwebauctions.se) senast sex timmar innan nedräkningen för auktionen startar. Det är inte möjligt att ta bort bud som läggs mindre än sex timmar innan nedräkning för auktionen startar.
För varje objekt som är föremål för en auktion (”auktionsobjekt”) finns ett angivet klockslag då nedräkningen för auktionen startar. Om ett nytt bud läggs inom en minut från denna tid så fortsätter auktionen och auktionstiden förlängs med ytterligare en minut. När budgivningen har varit avstannad i en minut är auktionen avslutad. Auktionsslutet är alltså rörligt och kan inte förutses. Information om pågående auktioner tillsammans med preliminära avslutsdatum återfinns på webbplatsen.
En kund som vinner budgivningen i enlighet med dessa villkor ska betala en inropsavgift för auktionsobjektet i enlighet med det belopp som anges på webbplatsen. Inropsavgiften kan variera i storlek beroende på vilket sorts auktionsobjekt det rör sig om. En kund är skyldig att betala inropsavgiften även om han av någon anledning inte fullföljer köpet. (Undantaget är om kunden på plats, vid besiktning av objektet, anser att objektet i väsentliga detaljer inte motsvarar beskrivningen. Vid sådant fall återbetalas inropsavgift samt deponerad köpesumma).
Gällande inropsavgifter framgår för varje auktionsobjekt under budfliken på webbplatsen. Betalning av inropsavgiften genomförs i enlighet med punkten 6 nedan. Köpeavtalet angående auktionsobjektet tecknas alltid (slutförs efter kontroll av objektet) på plats hos Bilweb Auctions auktionsplatser. Betalning av inropsavgiften ska därför inte uppfattas som ett bindande köp av auktionsobjektet.
**OBS!** Du kan också deltaga i auktionerna fysiskt på plats, (utan att använda datakommunikation) på vårt auktionskontor i Göteborg och på ev. andra auktionsplatser. Ring i så fall kundtjänst på tel. [031-933331](tel:031-933331), så du får auktionstiden bekräftad innan du kommer.
### 4.2 Direktauktion
Vissa auktionsobjekt säljs via så kallad direktauktion (dvs objektet står kvar hos ägaren). Det innebär att auktionsobjekten hanteras av Uppdragsgivaren under auktionstiden och även lämnas ut av denne till den kund som köper auktionsobjektet.
Vid direktauktion gäller samma auktionsvillkor och betalningsrutiner som för B A:s övriga auktionsobjekt, dvs. även de villkor som gäller enligt punkten 4.1 ovan.
### 5. Reservationspris och beskrivning av samlarfordon
För auktionsobjekt finns ofta ett lägsta pris som Uppdragsgivaren är villig att sälja auktionsobjektet för (”Reservationspriset”). Reservationspriset är satt i samråd med Bilweb Auctions:s experter för att i möjligaste mån vara marknadsmässigt rimligt så att objektet kan säljas. Om reservationspriset inte uppnås kan objektet ändå säljas om överenskommelse nås efter förhandling. Bilweb Auctions rekommenderar kunden att anpassa budgivningen till det beskrivna skicket.
OBS! Veteran- och entusiastbilar beskrivs med fokus på objektets status utifrån ett samlarperspektiv, såsom om bilen är i originalskick, renoverad, omlackerad, ombyggd med mera. Samlarbilar används endast i begränsad omfattning och står ofta obrukade under längre perioder. Av denna anledning varudeklareras inte veteran- och samlarfordon på samma sätt som bruksfordon (se konsumentverkets riktlinjer KOVFS 2002:1). Objektsbeskrivningen kan i undantagsfall komma att ändras under auktionstiden om ny information tillkommer. I de fall det bedöms vara väsentligt för värdet kan Bilweb Auctions komma att ta bort objekt och auktionera vid ett tillfälle med uppdaterad objektsbeskrivning.
OBS! Beskrivningen av samlarfordon och veteranfordon syftar till att ge en god rättvisande allmänbeskrivning som grund för samlarvärde och inte för fordonets bruksvärde som bruksfordon.
### 6. Auktionsavslut, betalning mm
Det högst angivna budet vinner. Om en auktion slutar med två lika höga bud vinner det bud som först kommer in till tjänsten. Vid tvister om budgivningen avgör Bilweb Auctions ensamt och slutgiltigt vilket bud som har företräde. Har inte reservationspriset uppnåtts förbehåller sig uppdragsgivaren rätten att antingen lägga ut auktionsobjektet till försäljning igen utan föregående kontakt med den vinnande kunden, alternativt godkänna det högsta budet. I många fall innebär detta att det sker en förhandling och kunden får vanligtvis besked inom ett dygn. Är reservationspriset uppnått (vilket framgår som "Ja" under objektsvyn på webbplatsen) så har kunden (högsta budgivaren) en rättighet (option) att köpa auktionsobjektet till överenskommet pris (efter att kunden besiktigat och godkänt objektet på lagerplatsen).
En kund som vinner budgivningen ska inom 24 timmar betala inropsavgiften för köpt auktionsobjekt i enlighet med det belopp som anges på Webbplatsen och i det mail som skickas ut efter avslutad auktion. Objektspriset skall betalas inom 5 arbetsdagar, dock skall alltid betalning vara Bilweb Auctions tillhanda innan hämtning. Om kunden inte betalar inom fem dagar efter avslutad auktion utgör detta ett väsentligt avtalsbrott varefter Bilweb Auctions äger rätt att kräva betalning i enlighet med köpevillkoren och dröjsmålsränta (enligt räntelagen) och/eller häva köpet i enlighet med konsumentköplagen.
Efter auktionen kontaktar Bilweb Auctions vinnande budgivare via e-post (vinstmejl) eller telefon för att bekräfta budet. Samtidigt kommer Bilweb Auctions och högste budgivare överens om dag för leverans och ingående av köpeavtal (framgår normalt i vinstmejlet). Hämtning skall ske senast 14 dagar efter auktionsdagen, därefter debiteras 100 kr/dag i garageavgift. Kunden och Bilweb Auctions (alternativt uppdragsgivaren) ingår bindande köpeavtal på plats hos Bilweb Auctions efter auktionen. Tillämpliga köpevillkor för köp kommer kunden tillhanda via mail efter avslutad auktion för genomgång vid ingåendet av köpeavtal, vid besiktningen på plats.
OBS! Att vinna en budgivning innebär följaktligen inte att Bilweb Auctions eller en uppdragsgivare slutligen accepterat kundens anbud om att köpa ett auktionsobjekt. En sådan slutlig accept sker vid ingående av köpeavtal på plats hos Bilweb Auctions eller hos uppdragsgivaren efter auktionen. Om säljaren av någon anledning utom Bilweb Auctions kontroll vägra att fullfölja affären innan köpeavtal undertecknats har köparen inte rätt att kräva att affären fullföljs. Köpevillkor finns tillgängliga på webbplatsen och på Bilweb Auctions:s anläggningar.
Vinnande budgivare är skyldig att svara i telefon och läsa sin e-post efter auktionsavslutet. I de fall Bilweb Auctions inte kan få kontakt med den vinnande budgivaren senast påföljande arbetsdag efter auktionen trots upprepade försök, har Bilweb Auctions rätt att debitera inropsavgiften samt erbjuda andra budgivare att köpa auktionsobjektet, såvida inget annat anges.
### 7. Ångerrätt för konsumenter och reklamationer och återköp
För konsumenter: Konsumenter har enligt gällande konsumentlagstiftning ångerrätt i fjorton (14) dagar från den dag ett avtal om en tjänst ingås. Ångerrätten gäller dock inte för fall då avtalet avser en tjänst som fullgjorts, om konsumenten har samtyckt till att tjänsten börjar utföras och har gått med på att det inte finns någon ångerrätt när tjänsten har fullgjorts. Genom att logga in på webbplatsen under ångerfristen och utnyttja en tjänst, exempelvis lägga ett bud, fullgör konsumenten sådan tjänst. Genom användningen av tjänsten samt genom godkännande av dessa villkor samtycker kunden till att det inte finns någon ångerrätt när tjänsten har fullgjorts.
Om kunden önskar utnyttja ångerrätten innan denne påbörjat utnyttjandet av tjänsten ska kunden kontakta Bilweb Auctions enligt kontaktuppgifter på webbplatsen.
För konsumenter och företag: Bilweb Auctions affärsmodell innebär att vinnande budgivare får en rättighet (en option) att köpa auktionsobjektet, om reservationspris är uppnått. Kunden och Bilweb Auctions (alternativt uppdragsgivaren) ingår, efter godkännande, bindande köpeavtal på plats hos Bilweb Auctions. Affären genomförs alltså alltid på plats vid Bilweb Auctions:s affärställe eller säljarens lagerplats där objektet förvaras. Vill köpare ej besiktiga objektet på plats, debiteras inropsavgift, men köparen behöver ej fullfölja affären.
OBS! Konsumenter måste alltid komma till Bilweb Auctions:s affärställen (auktionsplats) eller säljarens lagerplats för att teckna köpeavtal enl. ovan.
OBS! Företag kan välja att slutbetala och beställa hämtning / leverans på distans. I sådana fall måste dock ett leveransgodkännande påtecknas av firmatecknare eller befullmäktigad innan försäljningsobjektet lämnar försäljningsstället. Godkännande av objektet kan inte ske när objektet kommer till köparen. Reklamationer från företag behandlas inte när objektet lämnat Bilweb Auctions:s försäljningsställe.
Reklamationer och återköp; Vid väsentliga fel förbehåller sig Bilweb Auctions att återköpa köpeobjektet / alt. ej fullfölja försäljningen. (I dessa fall ersätts endast rena transportkostnader samt resekostnader för köparen med max 2000kr, efter uppvisande av kvitton).
### 8. Avstängning
Om en kund bryter mot bestämmelserna i dessa Villkor eller om Bilweb Auctions har anledning att misstänka att en kund bryter mot bestämmelserna i villkoren kan Bilweb Auctions efter eget beslut och utan att i förväg meddela kunden; (i) säga upp kundens användarkonto och / eller (ii) begränsa kundens rätt att utnyttja webbplatsen genom att förhindra inloggning och/eller (iii) omöjliggöra tillgång till webbplatsen.
### 9. Tryck- och skrivfel samt eventuella tekniska problem
Bilweb Auctions reserverar sig mot eventuella tryck- och skrivfel på webbplatsen. Bilweb Auctions kan inte heller garantera att alla bilder exakt återger auktionsobjektens verkliga utseende. En köpare måste undersöka köpeobjektet och jämföra med beskrivningen före hämtning / leverans.
Bilweb Auctions har rätt att avstå från försäljning, bortse från bud från vissa budgivare samt bestämma om budgivningen ska göras om på grund av oklarheter om sista bud, tekniska problem, felskrivningar eller andra orsaker. Vid tekniska problem och missöden på webbplatsen, som medför att rättvis budgivning inte kan genomföras, förbehåller sig Bilweb Auctions rätten att ensidigt besluta om att auktionen ska avbrytas och återupptas vid senare tillfälle. Aktuella budgivare meddelas via mail / telefon i förekommande fall.
Bilweb Auctions kan tyvärr inte garantera att webbplatsen kommer att vara felfri eller ostörd, att fel kommer åtgärdas eller att webbplatsen eller de servrar som tillgängliggör webbplatsen är fria från skadliga komponenter. Bilweb Auctions ansvarar inte för skada eller förlust eller följdskador som kan åsamkas kunden eller uppdragsgivare, på grund av tekniska fel, kommunikationsproblem eller liknande omständigheter.
Webbplatsen kan komma att drabbas av driftstörningar enligt ovan. Bilweb Auctions förbehåller sig rätten att senarelägga datum och tid för auktionsavslut efter oväntade driftstörningar, inkluderat men inte begränsat till fel i internetuppkoppling till server, dataintrång eller serviceavbrott hos leverantör. Bilweb Auctions ansvarar således inte för eventuell överbelastning på Webbplatsen och dess konsekvenser. Bilweb Auctions kan därför inte ansvara för om ett bud inte registreras, kontakt inte etableras efter budgivningen, fel budgivare kontaktas eller om auktionsobjekt sålts till annan än högste budgivare. Vidare kan Bilweb Auctions inte ansvara för fel eller skador som uppstår till följd av felaktigt eller obehörigt nyttjande av användarkonto eller lösenord.
Bilweb Auctions ansvarar inte heller för skada eller förlust eller följdskador som kan åsamkas kunden eller uppdragsgivare på grund av att det reservationspris som noterats i Bilweb Auctions:s interna system är felaktigt eller inte har blivit godkänt av uppdragsgivaren, med påföljd att försäljning avbryts och auktionen måste göras om.
Ovanstående gäller dock inte om grov vårdslöshet eller uppsåt föreligger. Denna friskrivning begränsar inte Bilweb Auctions:s ansvar enligt tvingande lagstiftning.
### 10. Särskild ansvarsbegränsning
Vad som sägs i denna punkt 10 gäller för näringsidkare samt konsumenter i den utsträckning som punkten kan anses överensstämma med tillämplig lag. Force majeure: Bilweb Auctions ansvarar inte för förlust som åsamkats kunden om BA inte kunnat förpliktelser enligt villkoren på grund av krigshandling, arbetsmarknadskonflikter, myndighetsåtgärd, eldsvåda eller andra omständigheter eller olyckshändelser som BA inte kunnat råda över eller förutse.
Bilweb Auctions ansvarar inte för direkt eller indirekt skada som kan drabba en kund. Denna begränsning gäller dock inte om grov vårdslöshet eller uppsåt föreligger. Bilweb Auctions:s ansvar är vidare under alla omständigheter begränsat till en summa motsvarande vad kunden har betalt eller skulle ha betalat för de tjänster som Bilweb Auctions tillhandahållit till kunden.
### 11. Meddelanden
Meddelanden från Bilweb Auctions till kunden sänds till den e-postadress som finns registrerad på webbplatsen. Meddelanden från kunden till Bilweb Auctions ska sändas på sätt som anges på webbplatsen. Meddelanden på webbplatsen anses ha lämnats till kunden så snart meddelandena gjorts tillgängliga.
Meddelanden som sänts per e-post anses ha lämnats till den andra parten omedelbart efter sändning. Meddelanden som sänts med ordinarie post anses ha kommit den andra parten tillhanda tre (3) dagar efter avsändandet.
### 12. Avtalstid
Dessa villkor träder i kraft när kunden har registrerat sig på webbplatsen och gäller tills vidare. En kund som har avstängts från webbplatsen till följd av brott mot villkoren har inte rätt att åter registrera sig eller använda webbplatsen respektive tjänsterna via en annan kunds inloggning, utan Bilweb Auctions:s föregående skriftliga samtycke. Bilweb Auctions har rätt att, efter eget gottfinnande, besluta om att upphöra med att tillhandahålla webbplatsen och tjänsterna eller del av dessa.
Kunden har rätt att när som helst säga upp sitt medlemskap hos Bilweb Auctions. Vid uppsägning fortsätter villkoren att gälla för sådana handlingar, exempelvis budgivning, som kunden genomfört innan uppsägningen.
### 13. Immateriella rättigheter
Webbplatsen och tjänsterna, dess innehåll och samtliga immateriella rättigheter som skyddar dessa ägs av Bilweb Auctions. Webbplatsen och dess innehåll skyddas av upphovsrätt och databasskydd (katalogskydd). Otillåten användning eller kopiering av hela eller delar av webbplatsen samt tjänsterna kan utgöra olovligt immaterialrättsligt intrång och resultera i skadeståndsansvar.
Bilweb Auctions samt därtill relaterade logotyper och ordmärken utgör Bilweb Auctions varumärken. Användning av varumärkena får endast ske efter Bilweb Auctions:s skriftliga godkännande och efter sådant godkännande endast i enlighet med Bilweb Auctions:s instruktioner.
### 14. Överlåtelse
Bilweb Auctions har rätt att överlåta det avtal som regleras av dessa villkor mellan Bilweb Auctions och kunden inklusive, men inte begränsat till, samtliga eller delar av därmed sammanhängande rättigheter och / eller skyldigheter, till tredje man. I händelse av överlåtelse kommer Bilweb Auctions att meddela vem som har tagit över villkoren, rättigheterna och / eller skyldigheterna efter överlåtelsen genom meddelande på webbplatsen eller via e-postmeddelande. Om Bilweb Auctions överlåter villkoren till tredje man har denne rätt att tillhandahålla samma eller liknande tjänster på en annan webbsida. En kund kan inte överlåta sina rättigheter och skyldigheter enligt villkoren till tredje man.
### 15. Ändring av Villkoren
Bilweb Auctions kan komma att ändra villkoren, tjänsterna och priserna för dessa, samt innehållet på webbplatsen från tid till annan. Vid betydande förändringar av dessa villkor kommer kunden informeras innan denne loggar in på webbplatsen. Detta gäller dock inte om ändringen beror på förändringar i lag, författning eller myndighets beslut, om ändringen måste gälla omgående.
Om inte Bilweb Auctions och kunden kommit överens om annat, träder ändring i kraft direkt efter att kunden blivit informerad om sådan ändring. Om kunden inte vill godta förändringarna i villkoren eller tjänsterna, inklusive prisförändring, har denne rätt att säga upp avtalet för tillgång till webbplatsen till omedelbart upphörande. Kunden kommer då inte längre ha möjlighet att logga in och nyttja tjänsterna och medlemskapet avslutas. Sådan uppsägning ska göras innan kunden återigen använt webbplatsen. Bilweb Auctions rekommenderar att kunden håller sig uppdaterad på webbplatsen regelbundet för att bli varse om eventuella ändringar av villkoren.
### 16. Tilläggstjänster: finansiering, försäkring, transporter m.m.
Bilweb Auctions förmedlar ett antal tilläggstjänster. Mer information finns på webbplatsen under fliken "övriga tjänster och erbjudanden" samt i informationen om respektive auktionsobjekt. För dessa tilläggstjänster ansvarar respektive leverantörer själva till fullo och kunden tecknar avtal med respektive tillämplig leverantör separat. Bilweb Auctions står endast till tjänst med information om sådana tjänster. Bilweb Auctions kan därför inte ansvara för innehållet i denna information samt respektive leverantörs uppfyllande av tillämplig lagstiftning eller deras åtaganden.
### 17. Tillämplig lag och tvist
Tvist rörande tolkningen eller tillämpningen av dessa villkor och webbplatsen i övrigt ska tolkas i enlighet med svensk lag och i första hand lösas genom förhandlingar mellan parterna. I de fall parterna inte når en överenskommelse, ska tvisten avgöras av svensk domstol där Bilweb Auctions har sitt säte.
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Dessa Villkor har fastställts av Bilweb auctions AB att gälla från 2017 09 01 tills vidare.
[Integritets- och säkerhetspolicy](javascript:void(0))
## Personuppgifter
B A värnar om din personliga integritet och strävar efter att alltid skydda dina personuppgifter på bästa sätt. Det är B A:s målsättning att följa alla vid var tid gällande lagar och regler för personuppgiftsskydd. Denna policy hjälper dig bl.a. att förstå vilken slags information B A samlar in och hur denna används. Genom att godkänna denna policy (”Integritetspolicyn”) på webbplatsen i samband med ifyllnad av intresseanmälan, registrering av medlemskap eller lämnande av uppgifter på B A:s webbplats [www.bilwebauctions.com](http://www.bilwebauctions.se)) så samtycker du till behandling av dina personuppgifter i enlighet med nedan.
**Principer om personuppgiftshantering för B A:s webbplatser Vilka personuppgifter samlas in? **
Vi kommer att behandla de personuppgifter som du lämnar eller har lämnat till oss, eller som vi samlat in på webbplatsen genom cookies, i syfte att administrera ditt medlemskap, förberedelse och administration av en auktion online eller annan tjänst som du beställer för att fullfölja våra åtaganden gentemot dig som medlem. De personuppgifter som B A behandlar är ditt namn, personnummer, e-postadress, adress, betal- och budhistorik, köpta objekt, betal- och kreditkortsnummer, IP-adress och telefonnummer.
- B A samlar även in och analyserar bland annat följande uppgifter om besökarna på B A:s webbplatser:
- * Webbläsare (Internet Explorer, Firefox, Chrome etc)
- * Besökare från smarta telefoner, surfplattor och datorer
- * Operativsystem (Windows, IOS etc)
- * Besökta sidor
Vid besök på någon av B A:s webbplatser ([www.bilwebauctions.se](http://www.bilwebauctions.se), (eller .com) eller [www.bilweb.se](http://www.bilweb.se) sker automatisk registrering av IP-adresser för mätning av besöksfrekvens.
### Ändamål för behandlingen av personuppgifterna
Personuppgifterna kan användas för identifikation, direktmarknadsföring, marknads- och kundundersökningar, affärsuppföljning, affärs- och metodutveckling, nyhetsbrev samt för statistikändamål och riskhantering. Personuppgifterna kan även användas för utskick per post, sms och e-post samt för marknadsföring och information via telefon, om du inte invänt mot detta. Du kan när som helst kontakta oss för att avbryta marknadsföring mot dig som medlem.
Uppgifterna kan vidare komma att användas för att analysera budvanor i syfte att förse dig med relevant information och marknadsföring samt för att förbättra webbplatsen och våra tjänster. Behandling i syfte att förbättra våra tjänster kan inkludera behandling där dina personuppgifter, bl.a. ditt personnummer, överförs till andra bolag inom Bilweb:s koncern och andra företag som koncernen samarbetar med för sin verksamhet, inom ramen för gällande sekretessbestämmelser. Personuppgifterna kan då även komma att samköras med uppgifter från andra register, t.ex. kreditupplysningsregister.
Ditt personnummer kommer också att behandlas i samband med ett köp på uppdrag av (eller på grund av krav från) betalnings- och kreditföretag som behöver detta i kreditupplysningssyfte.
Användningen av personuppgifterna kan innebära samkörning med andra register inom EU samt att dina personuppgifter överförs till, och behandlas av, andra bolag inom Bilweb:s koncern i ovan nämnda syften i enlighet med gällande lagar och regler. Personuppgifterna kan även komma att samköras eller delas med myndigheter, underleverantörer eller våra samarbetspartners för t.ex. tryck och distribution, samt betalningsförmedlare och kreditföretag för betalning eller kreditupplysning. B A iakttar alltid största försiktighet vid sådana tillfällen. Vi kan därutöver använda oss av tjänster som tillhandahålls av andra underleverantörer som följer gällande Europeiska regler om dataskydd såsom stöd för kundtjänst och marknads¬analys.
B A lagrar webbstatistik för att säkra den tekniska funktionaliteten och användningen av nätet. B A använder även statistiken för att få en inblick i webbesökarnas användarupplevelser och för att utveckla vår webbplats. B A använder webbstatistiken för att förbättra våra tjänster och kännedomen om kundernas och webbesökarnas behov. Uppgifterna används för att utveckla servicen och tjänsterna inom ramen för B A:s verksamhet.
Vi kommer inte att sälja, hyra ut, överföra, dela eller på annat sätt bevilja någon tredje part åtkomst till dina personuppgifter utöver vad som beskrivs i denna Integritetspolicy.
### Hur länge sparas uppgifterna?
Om du samtyckt till att vara registrerad medlem hos B A sparas dina uppgifter tills du avregistrerar dig. Du kan när som helst avregistrera dig som medlem. Om du inte registrerar dig som medlem sparas dina uppgifter så länge det är nödvändigt utifrån krav i lag eller för att fullgöra B A:s åtaganden gentemot dig i det enskilda fallet.
Dina uppgifter sparas oavsett aldrig längre än vad som är tillåtet enligt gällande personuppgiftslagstiftning.
### Uppdatering, korrigering av och tillgång till personuppgifter
Du har, enligt gällande personuppgiftslagstiftning, rätt att en gång per kalenderår gratis få besked om vilka personuppgifter som behandlas om dig, oavsett hur dessa samlats in. Om du vill ha sådan information ska du lämna in en skriftlig begäran till oss. Begäran ska enligt gällande personuppgiftslagstiftning skickas in underskriven av dig per post till den adress som anges nedan. Den kan alltså inte skickas per e-post.
Det är också till den adressen som du ska vända dig om du vill begära rättelse av felaktig eller missvisande uppgift.
- Bilweb Auctions AB
-
-
B A vill säkerställa att dina personuppgifter är korrekta och uppdaterade. Om någon av de uppgifter du lämnat till B A förändras, t.ex. om du ändrar din e-postadress, adress, namn eller betalningsuppgifter eller om du vill säga upp ditt användarkonto, vänligen lämna B A korrekta uppgifter genom att skicka ett e-postmeddelande till B A. Du har rätt att när som helst begära att personuppgifterna rättas, blockeras eller raderas.
Dina personuppgifter behandlas inte för ändamål som rör direkt marknadsföring om du motsätter dig sådan behandling. Du har rätt att när som helst återkalla ett lämnat samtycke om behandling av personuppgifter. Sådan återkallelse kan begränsas till att endast avse del av behandlingen, exempelvis den som rör direkt marknadsföring.
### Tekniska och organisatoriska säkerhetsåtgärder
För att hålla de personuppgifter vi behandlar i säkert förvar har vi vidtagit flera säkerhetsåtgärder: Vi har implementerat säkerhetsrutiner och tekniska och organisatoriska åtgärder för att skydda dina personuppgifter såsom tvåfaktorinloggning där lösenord skickas via sms och är krypterade samt kryptering av data. Vidare har vi vederbörliga brandväggar och antivirus-program för att skydda och förhindra obehörig tillgång till nätverket. Tillgång till de utrymmen där personuppgifterna lagras är begränsad och det krävs att de anställda identifieras för åtkomst.
### Länkar
B A:s webbplatser kan innehålla länkar till andra webbplatser. Denna Integritetspolicy gäller enbart B A:s webbplatser. När du länkas till annan webbplats bör du läsa den personuppgiftspolicy som gäller för den sidan. B A tar inte ansvar för andra webbplatsers behandling av dina personuppgifter.
### Ändringar i Integritetspolicyn
BA förbehåller sig rätten att göra ändringar i denna integritetspolicy när som helst i tiden i den utsträckning ändringarna är nödvändiga för att åtgärda störningar eller för att uppfylla nya legala eller tekniska krav. Alla ändringar av denna integritetspolicy kommer att publiceras på B A:s webbplatser.
### Cookies
På B A s webbplatser används cookies för att samla in information automatiskt. En cookie är en liten textfil som webbläsaren sparar i webbesökarens dator. Textfilen innehåller information som används t.ex. för att underlätta besökarens användning av webbplatsen.
Det finns två huvudtyper av cookies: 1) en permanent cookie ligger kvar på besökarens dator under en bestämd tid. 2) en sessionscookie lagras tillfälligt i datorns minne under tiden en besökare är inne på en webbsida. Sessionscookies försvinner när du stänger din webbläsare.
B A använder cookies för att förbättra webbplatsen för besökaren t.ex. genom att (a) anpassa webbplatsen efter besökarens önskemål, val och intressen, (b) kunna hjälpa dig att hålla reda på dina budgivningar, (c) kunna hantera dina budgivningar, (d) säkerställa att besökaren loggat in på B A:s webbplats och därigenom slipper logga in på varje ny sida denne besöker och (e) för att kunna anpassa våra tjänster så att du får reklam som är relevant för dig.
Om du inte vill acceptera cookies kan du ändra inställningarna i din webbläsare. Observera att om du inte inaktiverat cookies utgår B A från att du accepterar användningen av dem.
Permanenta cookies används bland annat för att lagra dina eventuella personliga inställningar hos B A så att du exempelvis slipper göra om vissa val varje gång du besöker B A:s webbplats samt för att anpassa och göra information och marknadsföring så relevant som möjligt för dig. Sessionscookies används bland annat i syfte att kunna registrera statistik över användandet av B A:s webbplats.
Genom att godkänna B A:s auktionsvillkor och/eller denna Integritetspolicy och använda B A:s webbplats samtycker du till behandlingen av cookies enligt vad som sägs här. Om du inte accepterar att cookies används kan du stänga av cookies i din webbläsares säkerhetsinställningar.
Du kan även ställa in webbläsaren så att du får en fråga varje gång B A:s webbplats försöker placera en cookie på din dator. Genom webbläsaren kan också tidigare lagrade cookies raderas, se webbläsarens hjälpsidor för mer information eller klicka på denna länk: Stäng av Cookies. Vidare kan du när som helst radera cookies manuellt från din hårddisk.
### Ytterligare information
Vänligen kontakta Bilweb Auctions på följande e-mailadress om du har frågor om denna Integritetspolicy eller Bilweb Auctions användning av dina personuppgifter: [info@bilwebauctions.se](mailto:info@bilwebauctions.se).
- Direktreklam
- Vill du inte ha direktreklam från Bilweb Auctions?
- Avsäg dig här:
- [info@bilwebauctions.se.](mailto:info@bilwebauctions.se.)
## Vi hjälper till med finansiering!
Vi på Bilweb Auctions AB är stolta över att kunna erbjuda våra kunder en finansieringslösning i samarbete med Santander Consumer Bank. Eftersom din entusiastbil eller entusiast-MC används som säkerhet för lånet, kan vi erbjuda en förmånlig ränta på **endast 6,75%**!
För att ta del av finansieringslösningen behöver du lägga minst **20% i kontantinsats**, vilket ger dig möjligheten att finansiera din entusiastbil på ett fördelaktigt och flexibelt sätt.
Vill du få en uppfattning om vad din månadskostnad skulle bli? Använd formuläret nedan för att se olika exempel. När du har bestämt dig för att ansöka om finansiering, [kontakta oss på telefonnummer +46 31 93 33 31](tel:+4631933331), så hjälper vi dig med nästa steg!
[STÄNG](javascript:void(0)) |
5c1f06de-2b40-461c-84b2-86c37f7c3ca0 | https://biokurier.pl/ekorynek/powstaje-film-historia-rolnictwa-ekologicznego-w-polsce-do-1990r-mozesz-wesprzec-ten-projekt/ | biokurier.pl | 2026-02-06T19:08:14Z | <urn:uuid:5c1f06de-2b40-461c-84b2-86c37f7c3ca0> | <urn:uuid:dba6b5c1-5429-4835-ac8f-294737dd5a7a> | 132,017 | 44 | poprzedni artykuł
następny artykuł
** |
dff640e3-fec6-4655-9c2b-69a0cd1aecd3 | https://billionhands.com/es/ranking/deportes/las-mejores-motos-de-cross-para-aventuras-todoterreno-6798facc1c308f49b0aafcc3 | billionhands.com | 2026-02-06T19:13:03Z | <urn:uuid:dff640e3-fec6-4655-9c2b-69a0cd1aecd3> | <urn:uuid:0c364b31-4b2c-4884-a791-6dcff98bc665> | 129,510 | 5,843 | **
0 votos
**
100% verificados
1.
**
0 votos
- **
Destaca en manejabilidad, especialmente en zonas reviradas
(+4)
La Suzuki RM-Z450 destaca en aventuras todoterreno gracias a su potente motor y su ágil chasis, que ofrecen un rendimiento excepcional en terrenos difíciles. Su suspensión avanzada y su manejo preciso permiten al piloto conquistar cualquier tipo de sendero con confianza y control.
2.
**
0 votos
984
- **
Buena banda de potencia
(+4)
La KTM 450 SX-F destaca en aventuras todoterreno gracias a su potente motor que ofrece una aceleración contundente y su ágil manejo, permitiendo sortear terrenos difíciles con facilidad. Su suspensión de alta calidad absorbe los impactos de manera efectiva, brindando comodidad y control en largas jornadas fuera del asfalto.
3.
4.
**
0 votos
39
- **
Ligera entre la oferta crossera de 4T
(+2)
La Husqvarna CR250 destaca en aventuras todoterreno gracias a su potente motor de dos tiempos, que ofrece una entrega de potencia emocionante y manejable, ideal para superar obstáculos difíciles. Su chasis ágil y suspensión de alta calidad proporcionan gran estabilidad y control en terrenos irregulares, asegurando una experiencia de conducción robusta y confiable.
5.
6.
**
0 votos
- **
Motor potente y fiable
(+4)
La Yamaha YZ450F destaca en aventuras todoterreno gracias a su potente motor que ofrece una aceleración contundente y su suspensión de alta calidad que absorbe eficazmente los terrenos irregulares. Su chasis ágil y su manejo preciso permiten al piloto navegar con confianza por senderos difíciles y superar obstáculos con facilidad.
7.
**
0 votos
- **
Construida por HRC para ser rápida
(+2)
La Honda CRF450R se destaca en las aventuras todoterreno gracias a su potente motor y su ágil manejo, que permiten sortear terrenos difíciles con confianza. Su suspensión de alto rendimiento y su robusta construcción la hacen ideal para soportar los rigores de las rutas más exigentes.
¿Echas algo en falta?
¡Añádelo!
**
Este ranking se transforma con cada voto, cada nueva moto añadida y cada aventurero que lo comparte. ¿Conoces una máquina que merece estar en la cima? ¡Súmala y vota! Juntos haremos de esta lista la guía definitiva para conquistar cualquier terreno. |
539cf87b-8d51-4616-a2c2-85c8503ef6bb | https://billcloud.com/podcast/torah-tidbit-yitro-a-kingdom-of-priests/ | billcloud.com | 2026-02-06T20:01:11Z | <urn:uuid:539cf87b-8d51-4616-a2c2-85c8503ef6bb> | <urn:uuid:43d8616d-817c-4b38-a127-191cb0ab09ed> | 293,040 | 903 | # Torah Tidbit: Yitro – “A Kingdom of Priests”
|Published on: Feb 4, 2026||
Torah Tidbits
Torah Tidbit: Yitro - "A Kingdom of Priests"
00:00 / 15:32
RSS Feed
Shalom everyone! Here is this week’s Torah Tidbit. The emphasis of this week’s portion **Yitro** or **“Jethro”** is the fact that we are called to be a **“Kingdom of priests”**. I hope you will enjoy. |
8937bf97-61e0-4d2b-b164-751d2073d5c1 | https://bikesports.co.kr/1998835865 | bikesports.co.kr | 2026-02-06T18:56:17Z | <urn:uuid:8937bf97-61e0-4d2b-b164-751d2073d5c1> | <urn:uuid:2c0878f4-8d7b-4c5c-a4f2-be500eefc18d> | 447,936 | 7,899 | [본 마그네틱 피트니스 타이 -블랙-
26,600원
38,000원
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[본 마그네틱 피트니스 타이 -블랙-
26,600원
38,000원
SALE](/1998835865/?idx=270)
[본 바이크타이 마그네틱 -블랙-
26,600원
38,000원
SALE](/1998835865/?idx=93)
[본 바이크타이 마그네틱 -블랙-
26,600원
38,000원
SALE](/1998835865/?idx=93)
[본 바이크타이 + 런타이 커넥트킷2 (2in1) -블랙-
46,200원
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[본 바이크타이 + 런타이 커넥트킷2 (2in1) -블랙-
46,200원
54,000원
SALE](/1998835865/?idx=247)
[본 바이크타이 + 런타이 커넥트킷2 (2in1) 마그네틱 -블랙-
52,500원
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[본 바이크타이 + 런타이 커넥트킷2 (2in1) 마그네틱 -블랙-
52,500원
54,000원
SALE](/1998835865/?idx=246)
[본 바이크타이 커넥트킷2 -블랙-
32,200원
54,000원
SALE](/1998835865/?idx=243)
[본 바이크타이 커넥트킷2 -블랙-
32,200원
54,000원
SALE](/1998835865/?idx=243)
[본 바이크타이 커넥트킷2 마그네틱 -블랙-
37,800원
54,000원
SALE](/1998835865/?idx=97)
[본 바이크타이 커넥트킷2 마그네틱 -블랙-
37,800원
54,000원
SALE](/1998835865/?idx=97)
[본 바이크타이프로 5 스템용 -블랙-
25,900원
37,000원
SALE](/1998835865/?idx=240)
[본 바이크타이프로 5 스템용 -블랙-
25,900원
37,000원
SALE](/1998835865/?idx=240)
[본 바이크타이프로 5 스템용 -터콰이즈-
25,900원
37,000원
SALE](/1998835865/?idx=242)
[본 바이크타이프로 5 스템용 -터콰이즈-
25,900원
37,000원
SALE](/1998835865/?idx=242)
[본 바이크타이프로 5 스템용 -레드-
25,900원
37,000원
SALE](/1998835865/?idx=241)
[본 바이크타이프로 5 스템용 -레드-
25,900원
37,000원
SALE](/1998835865/?idx=241)
[본 바이크타이 5 핸들바용 -블랙-
23,900원
37,000원
SALE](/1998835865/?idx=76)
[본 바이크타이 5 핸들바용 -블랙-
23,900원
37,000원
SALE](/1998835865/?idx=76)
[본 바이크타이 5 핸들바용 -터콰이즈-
23,900원
37,000원
SALE](/1998835865/?idx=239)
[본 바이크타이 5 핸들바용 -터콰이즈-
23,900원
37,000원
SALE](/1998835865/?idx=239)
[본 바이크타이 5 핸들바용 -레드-
23,900원
37,000원
SALE](/1998835865/?idx=238)
[본 바이크타이 5 핸들바용 -레드-
23,900원
37,000원
SALE](/1998835865/?idx=238)
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상호명 : (주)바이크스포츠 ㅣ 대표 : 김진오 ㅣ 사업자번호 : 109-86-49624
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73fe8e8e-7f40-4923-a49d-65a2e4866521 | https://bibliotekacyfrowa.pl/en/dlibra/publication/15085/edition/23067/grottkauer-zeitung-1916-11-08-jg-36-nr-90 | bibliotekacyfrowa.pl | 2026-02-06T19:40:18Z | <urn:uuid:73fe8e8e-7f40-4923-a49d-65a2e4866521> | <urn:uuid:b2448852-f4bb-4207-86a4-8ab31d96d34e> | 155,437 | 123 | [Go to main menu](#top)[Go to search engine](#search)[Skip to content](#content)
Grottkauer Zeitung 1916-11-08 Jg.36 Nr 90 |
d987fc95-f662-43ca-9e5f-5518723aa25a | https://biocirc.com/careers | biocirc.com | 2026-02-06T19:13:08Z | <urn:uuid:d987fc95-f662-43ca-9e5f-5518723aa25a> | <urn:uuid:758c9711-6f95-4ba2-856d-4929e9f1164c> | 274,342 | 3,288 | Join Us and Help Us Redefine the Future of Energy
Become a facilitator of the green transition. Be part of the solution!
[Look at our job opportunities](#openpositions)
Our Workplace
Where Will You Be Working?
In BioCirc, we all strive to make a lasting impact on the green transitions and the societies we work with. Our culture is rooted in strong teamwork, an entrepreneurial and innovative spirit. We have high ambitions – both in our energy development endeavors and when it comes to our people.
Our Open Positions
At BioCirc we’re not just filling vacancies, we’re looking for the right people who fit our culture. We make sure each role is aligned with our company’s strategy, ensuring a rewarding and impactful work experience. Explore our current job opportunities and embark on a fulfilling career journey with us.
Unsolicited Applications
We are always happy to embrace new colleagues. If we do not have a relevant job opportunity for you today, you are welcome to make an unsolicited application. We check these applications regularly and we will make sure to reach out to you if any roles open which match your profile. We look forward to hearing from you.
[Apply](https://info.biocirc.com/careers-form?id=08062023)
Unsolicited Applications
We are always happy to embrace new colleagues. If we do not have a relevant job opportunity for you today, you are welcome to make an unsolicited application. We check these applications regularly and we will make sure to reach out to you if any roles open which match your profile. We look forward to hearing from you.
[Apply](https://info.biocirc.com/careers-form?id=08062023)
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20d61a5c-01f1-4e86-97a3-983ee085c1f1 | https://bibiness.com/product-tag/loreal-paris-foundation/ | bibiness.com | 2026-02-06T18:43:48Z | <urn:uuid:20d61a5c-01f1-4e86-97a3-983ee085c1f1> | <urn:uuid:383003e7-f996-4fea-bc07-308dfb80258e> | 524,288 | 27 | [Skip to content](#content) |
0b446569-4c77-4a8a-86d6-3c15a0fe520a | https://binalilogistics.com/?products%2F18742316 | binalilogistics.com | 2026-02-06T19:15:22Z | <urn:uuid:0b446569-4c77-4a8a-86d6-3c15a0fe520a> | <urn:uuid:7afcfe42-c00d-4dfa-ab21-6331a518ce9e> | 165,695 | 1,810 | ## Bin Ali Logistics
[Whatsapp Now](https://wa.me/03015151913?text=urlencodedtext)
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## Our services
### Pakers & Movers
These are professional service providers who specialize in packing household or commercial goods securely, transporting them to a new location, and unpacking them. They ensure safe handling and efficient moving logistics.
### Car carrier Services
Car carriers are specialized vehicles used to transport vehicles from one location to another, especially over long distances. These services ensure that your car is safely transported without wear and tear.
### Goods Transportation
This refers to the movement of goods from one place to another, typically over land, sea, or air. It involves logistics planning, loading, unloading, and ensuring the safe delivery of goods to their destination.
### Luggage Moving Services
These services cater to individuals or families relocating with a limited amount of personal belongings. They provide packing, loading, transportation, and unloading services for smaller quantities of goods compared to full-scale movers. |
cc17c82b-bb80-487e-8536-db1fdd700337 | https://bikinginla.com/2012/01/12/is-an-anti-bike-fraud-being-committed-in-your-name/ | bikinginla.com | 2026-02-06T18:43:50Z | <urn:uuid:cc17c82b-bb80-487e-8536-db1fdd700337> | <urn:uuid:fc868a39-d0c6-4668-9f7a-d14e6e1d2d4e> | 508,291 | 163,403 | ## Is an anti-bike fraud being committed in your name?
[January 12, 2012](https://bikinginla.com/2012/01/12/is-an-anti-bike-fraud-being-committed-in-your-name/) / [bikinginla](https://bikinginla.com/author/bikinginla/) / [238 comments](https://bikinginla.com/2012/01/12/is-an-anti-bike-fraud-being-committed-in-your-name/#comments)
As a rule, I make a point of not criticizing other bike advocates.
Even when we may disagree, we’re all working towards the same goals of improving safety and increasing ridership, even though our vision of how to achieve that may sometimes vary.
Though clearly, [not everyone agrees with me](http://www.bikesidela.org/ted-rogers-phones-it-in-04/) on that.
But when that so-called advocacy runs counter to the interests, safety and desires of the overwhelming majority of California cyclists, I feel I have no choice but to speak up and point the finger.
Especially when it purports to be done in our name.
That’s exactly what happened this week when CABO — the [California Association of Bicycling Organizations](http://www.cabobike.org/) — [successfully opposed AB 819](http://sf.streetsblog.org/2012/01/06/new-bill-could-free-ca-planners-to-use-more-innovative-bikeway-designs/), a bill in the state assembly that, in its original intent, would have allowed California counties and municipalities to implement advances in bicycling infrastructure that have been proven to work in other places.
Things like [separated bike lanes](http://www.bikesidela.org/the-case-for-protected-bike-lanes/), [cycle tracks](http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Segregated_cycle_facilities) and [bike boxes](http://bikeportland.org/cats/infrastructure/bike-boxes) that have been proven to work in places like [New York](http://www.streetsblog.org/2011/12/08/with-8-percent-bump-in-2011-nyc-bike-count-has-doubled-since-2007/), [Chicago](http://seattlebikeblog.com/2011/12/06/chicagos-separated-bike-lanes-work-its-time-to-install-one-in-downtown-seattle/) and [Portland](http://www.portlandonline.com/transportation/index.cfm?c=34772), but are currently considered experimental under Caltrans’ antiquated guidelines.
In other words, why re-invent the wheel when we already know it works?
Unfortunately, [CABO took the position](http://www.cabobike.org/2011/12/28/cabo-opposition-to-ab819-unless-amended/) that such innovations are still unproven and potentially dangerous — despite their inclusion in the National Association of City Transportation Officials (NACTO) [Urban Bikeway Design Guide](http://nacto.org/cities-for-cycling/design-guide/).
And [CABO successfully lobbied](http://www.cabobike.org/2012/01/11/cabo-support-of-assembly-bill-819/) the State Assembly Transportation Committee to require that any bikeway designs considered nonstandard under Caltrans guidelines must be studied and approved by Caltrans before installation — potentially adding years of delays and needless additional costs to the design process.
Or risking denial by one of the most conservative, foot-dragging and anti-bike transportation agencies in the nation. After all, this is the [same massive bureaucracy](http://www.dot.ca.gov/) that, along with the CHP, successfully encouraged Governor Jerry Brown to become just the second state governor — along with current GOP presidential candidate Rick Perry — to [veto the state’s three foot passing law](http://calbike.org/2011/10/07/browns-confusing-reason-for-vetoing-sb-910-doesnt-make-the-problem-go-away/).
Something else that [CABO initially opposed](http://bikinginla.wordpress.com/2011/05/06/state-cycling-group-sides-with-aaa-to-stand-in-the-way-of-cycling-safety/), before [later switching sides](http://www.cabobike.org/2011/06/24/cabo-now-supports-3-foot-passing-bill-sb910/).
And earlier this week, the [Transportation Committee voted to gut AB 819](http://sf.streetsblog.org/2012/01/11/state-assembly-undermines-bill-to-let-california-cities-build-safer-bikeways/) by adopting CABO’s proposed wording.
Wheel, meet endless study and bureaucratic delays.
But, you may think, if the original wording of AB 819 was opposed by one of the state’s leading bike advocacy groups, they must have had a darn good reason.
Yeah, you’d think.
However, that presupposes something that just isn’t true. Despite their protestations to the contrary, CABO isn’t the state’s leading bike advocacy group. Or even one of the leading groups.
In fact, I suspect they are a fraud.
Their name may have been accurate when they were [founded in 1972](http://www.cabobike.org/history/). But they have long since ceased to represent the state’s leading bicycling clubs and advocacy organizations.
The [Los Angeles County Bicycle Coalition](http://www.la-bike.org/) (LACBC) is not a member of CABO, nor is [Bikeside LA](http://www.bikesidela.org/) or the [San Francisco Bicycle Coalition](http://www.sfbike.org/), by far the state’s largest bike advocacy group. Fosuch as the [San Diego County Bicycle Coalition](http://www.sdcbc.org/), the [Orange County Bicycle Coalition](http://ocbike.org/) and the [East Bay Bicycle Coalition](http://www.ebbc.org/) have left the organization, as have a number of other groups that have allowed their previous memberships to lapse.
Also missing from their membership are such prominent riding clubs such as [Velo Club La Grange](http://www.lagrange.org/) and former members [Los Angeles Wheelmen](http://www.LAWheelmen.org/homepage.htm).
No wonder the CABO doesn’t list the groups that support them on their website.
In fact, a list of active member organizations, as of November, 2010, named only 12 cycling groups as then-current members, as well as six individuals.
Short of contacting each of those clubs individually, there’s no way of knowing which remain members of CABO 14 months later. But it wouldn’t surprise me to learn that the total number of cyclists they represent is less, perhaps far less, than that of the LACBC alone.
And it’s certainly significantly less than the number of cyclists represented by the [California Bicycle Coalition](http://calbike.org/) (Calbike), which supports AB 819 in its original form. And which drew hundreds of riders from throughout the state to their recent [California Bike Summit](http://www.bikesd.org/2011/11/recap-of-2011-california-bike-summit/).
And that’s the problem.
Calbike conducted dozens of seminars over the Bike Summit weekend to gauge the interests of organizations and individuals representing tens of thousands of California cyclists. And the sort of innovative infrastructure that would be allowed under AB 819 in its original form ranked very high among their desires.
So while CABO’s opposition to AB 819 may or may not reflect the desires of its members, it’s far from the desires of most bike advocates in the state, as well as that of most mainstream cyclists.
Yet CABO continues to lobby state officials and legislators, purporting to speak on your behalf, while actively opposing your interests.
And those lawmakers and bureaucrats listen, having no idea that CABO actually speaks for just a fraction of the state’s cyclists — mostly the tiny minority of exclusively Vehicular Cyclists who actively oppose separate cycling infrastructure of any kind.
Let alone understand the conflict [between Vehicular Cyclists](http://bostonbiker.org/2010/05/24/why-vehicular-cycling-failed-or-how-i-learned-to-love-the-bike-lane/) and [more mainstream riders](http://bicyclingsd.blogspot.com/2011/12/naturally-solution.html), who may ride vehicularly when appropriate, but prefer effective infrastructure over sharing uncontrolled streets with dangerous motor vehicles.
I have no problem with CABO fighting for what they believe in — even when it goes against my own interests, as well as the majority of riders in the state.
But I do have a problem when they imply — if by name only — that their positions reflect anything other than the small number of riders they represent.
It’s time to speak up.
And [tell your state representatives](http://www.legislature.ca.gov/legislators_and_districts/legislators/your_legislator.html) that CABO does not speak for you.
And you want AB 819 passed in its original form.
*Update: Sam Ollinger of the [excellent Bike SD](http://www.bikesd.org/) contacted the Channel Islands Bicycle Club, which wrote back to say they are not, and never have been, members of CABO. Instead, they support the California Bicycle Coalition and the League of American Cyclists.*
*Also, Sam made a suggestion I should have thought of – contacting the [members of the Transportation Committee](http://atrn.assembly.ca.gov/membersstaff) directly to let them know that CABO does not speak for you, and ask them to reconsider their ill-advised changes to AB 819.*
*Update 2: Jim Parent, Chairman of the San Diego County Bicycle Coalition — which I mistakenly referred to as the San Diego Bicycle Coalition — [reports they are members of CABO](http://bikinginla.wordpress.com/2012/01/12/is-an-anti-bike-fraud-being-committed-in-your-name/#comment-22376), as well as the CBC. *
……..
*I had promised that I would look at the startling stats behind last years Southern California bicycling fatalities this week, after [remembering the names](http://bikinginla.wordpress.com/2012/01/03/in-memoriam-2011-part-1/) [behind the numbers](http://bikinginla.wordpress.com/2012/01/04/in-memoriam-2011-part-2/). But an usually heavy workload has kept me from being able to do that; I’ll try to get it in the coming days.*
### 238 comments
1.
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So MikeOnBike, based on your comments on the Redwood City story, you are seriously worried that the CHP is going to use a regulation aimed at the HOV/HOT/Express Lanes on the Freeway, against a buffered bike lane?
“I also wish they had not painted a double-white stripe that makes it illegal for cyclists to leave the bike lane. That stripe also makes it illegal for the parked cars to cross, so I’m not sure how those parked cars got there without breaking the law.”
Are you kidding us?
We can’t get the police to keep Vehicular bicyclists from running stop signs or yield to pedestrians in marked crosswalks and yet you would have a facility removed from a city that is trying to get it right because you are invoking the CVC to its fullest?
Is this indicative of the actions of the leadership of CABO vis-a-vis AB 819?
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No, I don’t think the CHP will be issuing tickets in Redwood City. But the design of that facility creates a conflict with the vehicle code, and with normal traffic movements. Is that space legally a bike lane per 21208? Does 21460 negate the exceptions in 21208? Does 21460 negate the turning rule in 21717?
Aside from the specifics of the CVC, what do cyclists and motorists and police officers think that double stripe means? Can I leave that space on my bike to prepare for a left turn or avoid debris or pass another cyclist? Can I enter that space midblock (either on my bike, or to park a car)?
What if there’s a collision? Who is at fault? The cyclist? The motorist? The traffic engineer? That’s when these sorts of questions start to matter.
I’d rather not get in a collision, which is why I’d like everybody (cyclists, motorists, police officers, traffic engineers) to agree what those stripes mean.
2.
Let’s also not forget that while the CBC lobbied to be a voice for cyclists in the state via the traffic devices committee (NOT CABO!), CABO lobbied to get two of their (people) on the committee. They do no work, besides destroy the hard work of actual advocates.
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Most CABO board members, like you Gionni are LCIs, and we care to help stop the deaths. I know you know this, so it’s clear that you are posturing. This “had their chance” rhetoric is little more than ageism and/or anti-intellectualism. It takes decades to learn all the myriad things that relate to how state organizations, policy, law and facilities development works, and to become well connected in advocacy. This is not something that comes quick or easy. If you really want to make a difference, then join an advocacy organization and learn how to influence the state. This is how CABO volunteers address the issue of people dying.
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Sorry, Dan. I’ll vouch for roadblock. He’s out there every day fighting for cyclists rights and safety — and has already had more of an effect on improving bicycling in Los Angeles than most advocates ever will.
He’s also been the victim of a hit-and-run, so he knows firsthand what can happen.
Before you criticize someone, know who the hell you’re talking about.
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I never made the strawman claims you refute. I was talking about the state level advocacy, not local, and I know he’s active locally, as am I, him more to the north and me more to the south in LA county. I’ve also been the victim of a deliberate hit and run assault and suffered permanent internal damage from it, so I suggest you get your facts straight before you cast aspersions. But then again, if that were true, you probably wouldn’t write your blog…
Gionni is his own man and doesn’t need you to defend him; he speaks quite well for himself. He and I may not always agree, though I much prefer discussions/disagreements with him directly.
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Dan. Do you realize how much shit local advocacy groups talk about CABO and vehicular cyclists? Do you wonder ever if MAYBE YOU and CABO are WRONG and perhaps OTHER “non intellectuals” are perhaps right? I know it’s difficult for someone as intellectual as you to see yourself to be wrong… but give it a try.
With all of your connections to Sacramento it would be awesome if you took the time to interact with us non-intellectuals here on the ground. People WANT to ride their bikes and you are getting caught up in semantics nit picking the hard work of local advocacy orgs and people like me who don’t have any official org but just want to commute in the city with friends and are frustrated to hear people at the LADOT say that state guidelines dont allow this and they dont allow that.
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I don’t accept this “right or wrong” framing. Different people want different things. I know this and it forms the core of my pro-choice advocacy. I came to this position by interaction with many people, but not those who are disrespectful and make incessant personal attacks. I find it much more useful to talk to people who don’t think in black and white, “right or wrong” terms, or who demonize those who make different choices.
It’s not just LADOT staff that are frustrated and disappointed by the standards and the pace of change. Many of us wanted Sharrows and BMUFL signs back in the 1990s, and it took forever for these traffic controls to be adopted ( a long story for another time). So I’m just as frustrated as the rest of you at the rate of change. It’s precisely because I don’t like the status quo that I bothered to teach myself about law, engineering and facilities standards, and I’ve studied crash causes and statistics precisely because I want to leverage my technical knowledge to improve standards.
A big reason CABO exists was dissatisfaction with Caltrans and other state agencies, like the CHP, who choose enact laws that hurt cyclists (21202), and without any input or representation from cyclists. It’s easy to stand on the outside and criticize, it’s a much more difficult task to build relationships and effect change on the inside.
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Yes, and I’ve been the victim of a road rage attack. No one questions your credentials, yet you somehow feel you have the right to cast aspersions on others, then deny it to high heaven.
You’re right, Gionni doesn’t need me to defend him. But this is my blog, and you are a guest here. If I want to defend anyone, that is my business.
Don’t like it? There’s the door.
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Shall I remind you of your own words: :He’s also been the victim of a hit-and-run, so he knows firsthand what can happen. before you criticize someone, know who the hell you’re talking about.”
I responded to this comment by sharing my own hit an run misfortune, and reminding you that you don’t seem to know what you are talking about when you use Gionni’s hit an run crash as a misguided written weapon. If you can’t handle a measured response, then I submit that you not cast aspersions of your own.
It seems to me that you want to make accusations and don’t take kindly to those who demonstrate that they are less than circumspect. Throw me out if that’s how you want to play this game, but know that you were the one that brought us here with your accusations. I have not launched personal attacks, that’s the MO of you and others on this thread. I have done my best to describe what we at CABO support. Calling those who have worked for decades to improve bicycling, “anti-bicycling” or “fraudulent” is simply not a factually correct description of CABO and it volunteers.
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Dan, I’ve fought with you on here on another occasion, I will not do so again. You have a well-deserved reputation for being rude and abrasive, and belittling the work of others, both online and in public. I will not tolerate that on here.
I stand by my original post 100%, and have allowed you to express your disagreement in repeated posts. If you want to insult me, or anyone else here, you’re out. Period.
Play nice, and you can say anything you want, no matter how much I may disagree with it. My blog, my rules.
And I repeat, if you don’t like it, there’s the door.
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It was CABO that started the effort to get a full CTCDC member to represent bicyclists. We, CABO and others, got a compromise two years ago that provided an exofficio-member bicyclist representative from the Calif. Bicycle Advisory Committee (CBAC) on the CTCDC. Instead of trying to make that a full membership position and in the midst of trying out the compromise CBC mounted an effort/legislation to require two new CTCDC members; to be appointed by the Caltrans committee, Active Transportation Livable Communities. Caltrans has apparently made that bill moot by acting before the bill was passed to expand the CTCDC by two new members.
I and other CABO Board members have attended and participated in CBAC since 1992, and with CTCDC meetings. Important improvements for bicycling have come from those committee’s recommendations; not as many as we have worked for, but it is not accurate to state that “they do no work.”
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Let me see, CABO board members are called idiots, the organization is accused of fraud, I am called socially inept, and Gionni (AKA roadblock – amusing that he who hides behind a pseudonym asks who we are), accuses us of having a lot of anger. I think he has it backwards. CABO works well with state and local agencies precisely because we are socially skilled veteran advocate/professionals who have much subject matter expertise that we share with Caltrans, the CHP, the Legislature, and local cities to improve laws, facilities standards, and projects in Caltrans districts and in cities throughout the state.
Regarding the CTCDC positions, CABO endorsed two individuals, John Ciccarelli and myself. John was accepted by Caltrans as a member and I am his alternate. John and I both have a long history of working with state and local agencies and their staff, and we are colleagues that work well together.
I should also point out that CABO supports the rights of cyclists to operate as drivers (per CVC 21200, not 21202, a discriminatory law, along with 21208, that reduce cyclists rights) AND also use bikeways. So those who make the claim that we only support “vehicular cycling”, an archaic term, which we now refer to as driver behavior, are simply making an untrue strawman argument. Back when the Prokop appeal was in court, CABO, not the CBC, was the organization that financially supported the rights of cyclists to have liability protection against cities building substandard paths. That’s right, CABO supports road users and path users, and clubs, and always has.
At Caltrans request, I have personally trained over 300 staff members at Caltrans districts throughout the state over the last year and a half, as well as local agency staff so that they can make better and safer bikeways that support all legal behaviors. At their request, I’ll be giving a city specific version of this training to the city staff in Long Beach later this month and I actively work with the City staff to improve bikeways development in the City. I am very happy to report that the Schuyler-Heim bridge replacement, on State Route 47, a bridge currently closed to bicycling will have a continuous 8′-10′ shoulder with no high speed ramp crossings to accommodate bicyclist who wish to reach terminal island from the north. So why am I so happy to report this fact? Well, it’s because one of the Caltrans designers, who was in my first class from July of 2010, told me in a District 7 BAC meeting that he learned about how to create safe bicycle access to bridges in my class. So CABO deserves credit for influencing the design of a $350M bridge to open it up to cycling. How anyone can view this as anti-bicycle is quite beyond me. Also note that John Ciccarelli is my alternate for teaching this class to Caltrans staff. It’s like I said, we work well together.
CABO has also been working with cooperatively cities and Caltrans to improve minimum standards to get bike lanes and sharrows out of the door zone of parked cars, and improve designs at intersections and interchanges so bicyclists are not forced into difficult merges at freeway on/off ramps, and to minimize the use of high speed free-flowing turn lanes to improve the safety of cyclists who use the roadway. This is why we make presentations to the State BAC and continue to educate those who set state level policy. In addition we have also worked with local advocates to secure access to key bridges, especially the Gerald Desmond replacement, a 1 billion dollar project which will have a Class I bike path, though it was was originally planned to prohibit bicyclist access. These are hardly the actions of an organization that is anti-cycling or anti-cyclist. I am proud of the accomplishments of CABO both in the past and during my tenure on the board, and the work we will continue to perform on behalf of cyclists throughout the state.
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Thats all dandy save for one problem… People are dieing in the streets! You dont ride in LA, ive never seen you and im everywhere everyday. LADOT cites State restrictions as an excuse for why we cant get facilities. CABO is old hat. You’ve got a lot of pissed off cyclists and your org is so arrogant as to not consult with cycling groups across california before wielding your insider auto industry friendly opinion. You oppose the CBC which actually does outreach and workshops. CABO’s website features documents from 1981. Get with the times.
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Which legislation did CABO “have the power to kill”?
If you’re thinking of the most recent example (AB819), CABO worked with the author and the original sponsor (CBC) to craft amendments. CBC agreed with the amendments and welcomed CABO as a co-sponsor.
If you’re thinking of SB910 (the only-three-feet-thankyou bill), CABO worked with the original sponsor (CBC) to craft fixes to the original poor language. All the final usable language came from CABO, though CBC shared none of the credit.
So again, which legislation did CABO kill?
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This presentation is based on material I developed for Understanding Bicycle Transportation course I teach for Caltrans, and a lot of field work on bike lane and Sharrow placements in California. Our aim is to improve the minimum standards so that bike lanes and sharrows will not route cyclists into dooring hazards.
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A bike lane outside the door zone does not do what you say. If you are complaining about Sharrows, do understand that the purpose of a Sharrow is to alert motorists to situations where bicyclists will be controlling lanes to keep them out of the door zone and prevent crossing conflicts, and guide bicyclists to do so. So it would appear that you are against Shrrows in principle, and also appear to have a prejudice (is this why you hide behind the Pseudonym, “Snob”) against road cyclists who choose to wear cycling specific clothing.
Here is the bare minimum standard [15’/11′ and 16’/11′ is even better] we would like to see for bike lane when on-street parking is present:
[https://www.facebook.com/photo.php?fbid=2338678597769&l=96d8cdabee](https://www.facebook.com/photo.php?fbid=2338678597769&l=96d8cdabee)
Please note that these are scale drawings of actual SUVs, including door widths. This ias huge improvement on the current minimum standards that allow cities to create this:
[https://www.facebook.com/photo.php?fbid=2315383815414&l=1fed583155](https://www.facebook.com/photo.php?fbid=2315383815414&l=1fed583155)
Yes, a city can stripe a 12′ bike lane or an 11′ sharrow next to an 11′ lane and bicyclists are caught between the bus and the door zone. I think it’s appalling that the minimum standards are so poor in CA.
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Not all of us can afford to use real names in this economy. I’m glad you can and hope your job/salary/pension/401k remains stable.
And no, I do not have a prejudice against people who put on sport-specific clothing even though for non-competition, Lycra isn’t necessary. It’s just that only in the VC world will you find amateurs wearing licensed sport-specific clothing that includes professional team logos and those of sponsors of the teams. I can think of no other activity where the wanna-bes dress so, um, “accurately”.
Tell us, how much do these companies pay you to further advertise their services?
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Actually, amateur fans of all sports wear the same uniforms of the pros; just look how many basketball players wear Lakers jerseys, or baseball players show up for pickup games in Dodgers or Angels gear. However soccer is the only major sport other than cycling that puts sponsors logos directly on the uniform.
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I’ve never been paid to wear team sponsored clothing, nor do I wear any, except for a Canondale Jersey I have, but then I do like their bikes. Of course I dress differently for different trip types and purposes. Yes, I will wear coolmax cycling clothes on a 100 mile ride, because it keeps me cooler and wicks away the salt, and will dress in less cycling specific clothing for other purposes. Here I was last weekend in a Cycling Savvy class in Oakland:
[https://www.facebook.com/photo.php?fbid=2760451061817&l=5ecf915c52](https://www.facebook.com/photo.php?fbid=2760451061817&l=5ecf915c52)
I’m in the red sweater and black cargo shorts.
You are quite wrong about cyclists who are traffic skilled, most do not wear lycra as much as you imagine. Club riders, many who are edge riders and do not have traffic skills training are often found in team kits, bike and rider. it’s a mistake to make too many inferences about correlations between people’s clothing and their behavior, and/or level of traffic skill.
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Wow, you would really rather have the standards encourage (SLM) or mandate (BL) such unsafe behavior as riding in the door zone, toward your political goal of enticing unknowing non-cyclists onto the road? Seriously??
Sorry, I can’t bring myself to such cynical depths. I don’t see non-cyclists as cannon fodder for mode share.
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Why not? And how do you justify routing cyclists into the door zone in a 12′ from the curb bike lane adjacent to an 11 ft wide travel lane? Other cities are creating designs in the 25-27 foot range.
Do you consider this 12′ bike lane adjacent to a 11′ travel lane to be an acceptable minimum standard, given the hazard zones?
[https://www.facebook.com/photo.php?fbid=2315383815414&l=1fed583155](https://www.facebook.com/photo.php?fbid=2315383815414&l=1fed583155)
(All drawings and vehicles to scale using measured widths)
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Dan – I appreciate your thorough layout and logic on the SLM marking minimums for the tighter sections you show. And while I don’t know you, I do know and greatly respect John C. But I also agree with Christopher and others that you begin losing me at 23′ and quickly lose me thereafter.
Here are specific reasons why:
1. Size of vehicle. You are assuming the widest possible SUV, and door zone. I realize this is reality in many places, but it isn’t in many other places – particularly more progressive cities with tighter streets and high upsides for biking. Your argument would go over much better if you could acknowledge that this is the worst case scenario – otherwise you are no better than the Walmart that sizes their parking lot for Black Friday.
2. Overselling the door zone issue (i.e. not discussing parking turnover and travel speeds). Perhaps you have more nuance in your verbal presentations, but what I find disconcerting is the “red zone as death zone” argument. In residential areas the actual frequency of opened doors can be extremely low. The vehicle owners are also more likely to be the same people – thus offering targeted education opportunities to promote driver awareness and proper opening caution. Shouldn’t this be taken into consideration? For school routes and other slower speed streets, bikers aren’t traveling much faster than 8mph or so (educated guess) which leaves space and time for negotiating and avoiding doors. It’s not like everyone – driver and biker – are always operating at the speed of light, oblivious to one another.
3. Travel lane size. Let’s be clear, wider lanes are not safer just because they have a “shy zone.” Anything wider than 12′ encourages faster speeds for no reason, and cannot be considered best practice off of a highway.Most of us who work in cities know that 11′ is really the widest you need and should be going 80% of the time (outside of truck routes and very busy bus routes).
4. Safety in numbers. The safest possible bike route, all things equal, is one that has many bikers on it – which is the best and most obvious method to raise awareness. My personal opinion – if I may make a gross generalization – is that those of you in the “VC crowd” have a hard time understanding that perceptions of safety – even if they are ‘misguided’ in your opinion – are important to capture and leverage if they lead to increased biking….which in turn leads to increased safety due to increased numbers of riders on the road/bikeway. I’m not saying we should blindly go with novice public opinion, and that technical reasons doesn’t count – but we need to incorporate the long view.
In short, your PP is a great resource up to slide #13, but you need to open up the argument and introduce much more nuance afterward if you want it accepted as a “best practice” accounting.
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Your Sharrows placement increases the potential conflicts for a cyclist by placing the rider directly in front of vehicles that are going 2-3X times faster and have much greater mass. Thankfully, it’s not a requirement to ride a bike or ride on sharrows in front of motorized vehicles. If it was required, there would likely be a lot less bicycling. You simply are not doing anything to increase the rate of cycling with your guidelines.
You keep stating that the parked car doors or cyclists moving between vehicles and the parked cars are the danger. There are few parked cars with people inside to open a door and yet all moving motorized vehicles poise a potential conflict to a vunerable, unprotected bicyclist. Putting the cyclist directly in front of a large fast moving vehicle is introducing potential conflict far beyond the danger of parked car doors.
Dan, you have clearly shown the absurdity of using sharrows by your placement of them in your diagrams. The idea that you can decrease the danger by increasing the amount of potential conflicts by encouraging cyclists to ride in front of moving vehicles, that have much greater mass and speed, is ludicrous. Hillie Tallens, a Dutch engineer that was at the LA ThinkBike workshop, said to me that the Netherlands would never use sharrows. Their concern for the comfort and safety of cyclists clearly show why sharrows would never be used. They simply would not encourage cyclists to ride in front of fast moving motorized vehicles. In fact, there are some roads that cyclists are prohibited to ride on in the Netherlands when there is a bike path available to ride on next to the roadway.
Moving the buffer zone on the LA Spring St. painted bike lane, in your above slides, from the left of the bike lane, to the right of it, is moving the greatest number of potential conflicts closer to the cyclist by putting only a stripe to separate the moving vehicles from the cyclist. This also greatly increases the discomfort for most cyclist.
Your ideas for increasing bicycling safety would decrease the amount of streets that could get bike lanes by virtue of taking up more space for the bike lane. An 8-foot wide bike lane was brought up in the initial discussions to determine a bike lane width in Davis and it was rejected as unreasonable due to the lack of room for a motorized travel lane. The city of Davis came up with the bike lane widths that are still being used across the U.S. and this was determined from brain storming sessions between the engineers and the bike advocates.
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Do you accept that people using roadways – motorists, bicyclists, pedestrians – are required to look for and respond appropriately, slow down and pass when safe, to things/people in the roadway? That traveling too fast for conditions such as when there is a bicyclist on the road or a pedestrian trying to cross is illegal, discourteous and damaging to all of us? Although it has apparently become culturally acceptable for some motorists to drive as though motoring rules, it isn’t right, is not legal, and should be curtailed/stopped. Right?
Do you know and accept that people riding bicycles – lawfully – are supposed to be able to use public roadways with the same rights and responsibilities as vehicle operators? (CVC 21200)
Isn’t it appropriate given issues of climate change, foreign oil dependence, general environment – noise, air, water, traffic congestion, etc. – that our public roadways and the behavior of roadway users be made to be as, if not more, accepting/comfortable/usable to bicycling and walking as is motor vehicle use? Or are roads to be only for motor vehicle users?
Is it appropriate, and legal, that you and many others are apparently bullied from use of the best roadway routes by some motor vehicle users? Is it then ok with you to be so scared of scofflaw bullies and/or inattentive motorists that you can’t use the roads you help pay for and therefore must seek to only ride on the meagerly available separated facilities? (Even Copenhagen, Amsterdam and other bike-friendly cities do not/cannot/will not keep motorists separated from bicyclists along more than a small percentage of their roads. These people know how to share; too many US motorists haven’t learned this yet.)
When as a lawful and reasonably courteous driver of a bicycle, I am very infrequently honked at, passed closely to “teach me a lesson”, not provided with my “turn” or right of way, etc. my first, second, and third reactions are not to look to get billions of dollars of public funding to provide separated travel facilities for me from motorists to all my destinations. My primary efforts are to change the behaviors of clueless motorists (and bicyclists). My second efforts are to try to ensure that whatever Bikeways are provided are actually useful – not more hazardous than good roadways – for bicycling and not just a way to clear bicycling off of the best facilities, public roadways, out of the way of motorists. My third level of reactions are to try to remind people that we can change the US car-culture to a people-moving culture more cheaply, easily and sooner by addressing behaviors rather than trying to build separated/parallel facilities for bicycling and motoring. Both are happening now. You work for your vision. I’ll work for both in CABO.
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Human beings make mistakes. No matter what the training, schooling or law, they will continue to make mistakes. To encourage people, by way of Dan Gutierrez’s recommended sharrows placement, to routinely ride a bicycle in front of vehicles that have much greater mass, and that are allowed by law to move at 2-3X the speed of the person on a bike, is greatly increasing the risk of severe or fatal injuries to the rider. That is totally unacceptable to me and it is not making it more comfortable, nor increasing the subjective safety for the rider.
Do to their much greater mass compared to a bicyclist, buses and trucks making a right turn at a walking pace can be lethal for a person on a bicycle sharing the roadway with them. The Netherlands is trying to reduce this problem for bike lanes by moving the bicyclist to the right of bus stops and off the roadway until the bus stop is cleared. They also provide advanced, protected waiting areas at the intersections for bike lanes, to make bicyclists much more visible to motorists, which reduces the amount of potential conflict points. These features do not cost an extravagent amount of money to implement.
Bike infrastructures are not useful if no one will ever use them. Putting sharrows thirteen or more feet out into a roadway, where vehicles with much greater mass are legally allowed to travel at 2-3X greater speed than a person on a bicycle, is not something that is useful to any but a few fearless road warrior riders. Having rights, concerns for others, or training does not eliminate human error, nor is it convincing people to risk severe injury or death to ride there.
If the people in Amsterdam know how to share, then why is the government emphasizing bicycling facilities that are separate and protected from motorized vehicles? Dutch people are probably the most trained and highly skilled bike riders in the world. I sincerely doubt that most of them would continue riding if they were encouraged to travel in front of vehicles that are moving 2-3X faster than they are. How many of them would allow their children to ride in such conditions?
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In CA, it’s just as illegal to door someone as it is to run them down in a travel lane. Stats show that dooring hurts less.
Response to getting run down (motor education). Response to dooring avoid the doors.
Why the difference? Why ride outside of relatively safer door zone in more dangerous travel lane.
Look at the data–any of it. Even distorted data from Orlando shows that dooring deaths are rare.
Most deaths come from automobiles.
Thus, there is NO SAFE PLACE in the lane. There’s NO LANE POSITION WHERE YOU ARE ASSURED not to die.
The streets were built for cars and are best used in a car which is why cycling deaths are 2x (at least) compared to auto deaths.
If an engineer maximized for a value (vehicle speed) she gets a max on that value.
If we built for safety, we’d get more safety.
This all should be totally obvious.
Stop telling people to ride in the streets, it’s not smart.
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“Do you accept that people using roadways – motorists, bicyclists, pedestrians – are required to look for and respond appropriately, slow down and pass when safe, to things/people in the roadway? That traveling too fast for conditions such as when there is a bicyclist on the road or a pedestrian trying to cross is illegal,”
Do you Jim Baross accept that a lot of people don’t give a damn about the law and drive like fools on streets that are designed to encourage speeding well above the posted limit?
You have no answers to my questions because CABO is in denial.
WHAT DID CABO DO ABOUT THE 85th PERCENTILE LAW that was passed a few years ago? ANYTHING? If CABO can shush a 3 foot law then I expect it to act the same for a law that allows car drivers to break the speed limit too.
3.
Ted –
You convinced me! I had quite a bit to say here:
[http://sf.streetsblog.org/2012/01/06/new-bill-could-free-ca-planners-to-use-more-innovative-bikeway-designs/](http://sf.streetsblog.org/2012/01/06/new-bill-could-free-ca-planners-to-use-more-innovative-bikeway-designs/)
I agree with you the CABO seems to be a very small group claiming to represent cyclists. You checked the organizations that they claim support them. I saw only a dozen people or so involved in any meeting minutes. I suspect they are much smaller than you thought. Unfortunately they are influential in the CA legislature. Probably we need to find our own lobbyist!
Eric W
4.
Don’t write CABO off completely. You know CVC 21450.5 — the law that says new traffic lights must detect cyclists and must be green long enough for cyclists to safely cross? CABO was the only group of cyclists who even thought to advocate for those requirements in the Caltrans working group that was created as a result of AB1581.
CABO did not oppose AB819 — they advocated for an amendment that is, frankly, necessary and *increases* the ability of local governments to experiment with innovations. Ditto for the original 3 foot law — everybody knew that 15 MPH requirement in the original bill would kill the bill.
5.
Thanks for reminding me that Orange County Bicycle Coalition needs to renew it’s support for CABO.
Too many of today’s so called “advocates” don’t get it. Segregated facilities need to be installed very carefully in California’s auto-dominated environment because the vast majority of city engineers are indifferent to your interests or frankly hostile to bicycles (though they will never cop to that). These bureaucrats are eager to protect as much of the motorized users’ space as possible and lock up all non-motorized users in separate space claiming it’s for your own good.
Why do we know this? Because it’s happened before in the previous “renaissance” of bicycling in the 1970s. CABO officers spent years winning back your right to leave the Cl. 2 bike lane so you could legally avoid glass and potholes, establishing design standards to reduce your chance of being right hooked at intersections, and installing legal details in bills that reduce motorist hostility.
Read the NACTO Guide; yes, there’s some good stuff in there. But read closely and it’s obvious that “perceived safety” to lure innocent Americans onto their bicycles is more important to its authors than actual safety. Who are the NACTO Guide authors? They are the designers of the facilities they’re promoting. Can they cite valid safety studies? No. But do today’s shallow “advocates” care? No, because its oh-so-cool to run with latest and hippest.
I get the frustration LA cyclists feel in a city that until last year didn’t give a rat’s ass about bicycles. Any overt bicycle facility, painted any color at all, looks really good right now. Bring on the cement! The more solid the wall, the more lanes it takes up the more validated some bicyclists feel. But it’s a sweet trap.
New designs are needed – especially in locales with high mode share potential. Site by site bike box, buffered lanes, and bikes-only paths can encourage bicycle use and facilitate on-street cycling as well. But we’ll never have enough money, paint or cement to deliver every student to school on a segregated path, or serve every home and business address like our streets and roads do.
If CABO’s guilty of anything it’s lack of self promotion. It’s failed to explain what it does and why. Do you want real mode share? Want every bike to actually be One Less Car? Then you need to protect the rights of ALL bicyclists. CABO does that. If you dump on CABO you foul your own rights.
6.
The 1970’s ?!??!?!!! Jesus. that was FOUR DECADES AGO. Get to know the new DOT’s and the new generation of planners that have gone to school graduated, RIDE BIKES THEMSELVES and are far more informed about the environment and what it takes to plan sustainable streets. Sure, some of the old dinosaurs are still in the mix but they are retiring and dieing off in the next 2-5 years.
“Innocent Americans”!?!?!?! DUDE. GET A GRIP. People ARE DIEING ON THE STREETS RIGHT NOW.
If you are talking about the 70’s you are too old! I’m guessing CABO is a bunch of old dinosaurs themselves. Show me one person under 50 on CABO.
7.
At the very least, it seems to me that CABO should have worked with the rest of the bicycle advocacy community to forge a compromise position rather than going against the wishes of the rest of us. Yes, we should never give up our right to the road that we have in the vehicle code (CVC 21202), but AB 819 did not give up this right, and those of us who ride for transportation need more bike lanes, protected bike lanes, cycle tracks, and bike boxes now, not 20 years from now. I’ve been to Portland, and seen what happens when a city embraces innovative solutions for bikes. Sorry CABO, simply telling people to go ride in vehicular traffic is not going to get them out of their cars.
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Odd, every traffic planner I’ve spoken with says they can’t do many things they’d like to try because they’re not approved in the state guidelines.
Anything else is considered experimental and must go through a cumbersome process for approval; a process so difficult most don’t bother trying. And those that do risk endless delays and cost-overruns while they wait for an approval that could just as easily be denied.
But other than that, you’re right. The possibilities are just effing unlimited.
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seconded. This is the NUMBER 1 nay comment from EVERY traffic planner. They are frustrated and so is the rest of the cycling world. Why is there no list of board of directors on the CABO site? I want bios and qualifications as to why this particular group is speaking for ME. Who are these people?! Seriously!!
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The CABO Board is now listed on cabobike.org.
I guess I should give thanks for the impetus to get posted what we had been intending to do for several months; believe it or not.
Any other suggesttions for improving our efforts to protect and promote California bicycling are welcome… most directly to [cabobike@cabobike.org](mailto:cabobike@cabobike.org) or for discussion to our Googlegroup forum at [caboforum@googlegroups.com](mailto:caboforum@googlegroups.com).
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thanks. this is a step towards transparency that is much appreciated. I look forward to also seeing pics, bios and contact info for everyone as well as elections process. CABO apparently wields a lot of power in sacramento on my behalf. CABO has altered, watered down, and defeated legislation that lots of “non-intellectuals” on the ground have hoped and dreamed for. The more transparency the better.
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And indeed, Traffic Engineers, even though they knew it was wrong and were frustrated by it and (many) did everything within their powers to delay increases still had to go along with the stupid motorist & automobile-industry sponsored “speed trap” law until it was partially repealed.
We could have done so, so, so much with AB 819, but now it is lost thanks to CABO’s unwanted meddling.
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May I also remind you all that there are only 370 days left in Ray La Hood’s tenure at USDOT. Once he is gone, and especially if/when Obama loses the 2012 election, you will see a great sea change in national bicycle prioritizing, planning and funding.
And we have just just 15, 298 days left of oil at current consumption levels:
[http://www.worldometers.info/](http://www.worldometers.info/)
Yes, that’s 41 years (at current consumption levels, ok India and China?), or about how long the U.S. transportation field has listened to John Forrester.
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See my original post with just two examples already painted on the ground. There are plenty more.
The trick is that nobody enforces the approval process. Nobody makes cities remove nonstandard designs once they’re painted. Even if you do go through the approval process, nobody follows up on the results, if any.
This is true whether we’re talking about slightly sloppy stuff (like a bike lane too narrow) or inventions from whole cloth (like the odd double striped buffer in Redwood City which conflicts with the vehicle code).
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You suggest “CABO should have worked with the rest of the bicycle advocacy community to forge a compromise position rather than going against the wishes of the rest of us.” CABO suggested a different approach to facilities innovation; CBC agreed with the amended language and welcomed CABO as a co-sponsor. How is that not the compromise you seek?
Why is CABO now the only bad actor? If you’re not happy with the results, why not share some animus with CBC, the other party in the compromise?
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It’s not a compromise if a powerful group such as CABO rears it’s ugly VC head and works to maintain the status quo. Maybe CBC is also a bad actor, but at least they engage the constituency who WANTS more bike facilities and WANTS to experiment.
I get it, some cities will design sub par bike facilities. But what about cities that WANT better bike facilities but can’t implement them because of state regulation? LAME.
This whole argument began with CABO squashing adoption of the NACTO guide. People were counting on that!
8.
CABO explained that it essentially wants everything to do go through Caltrans. Caltrans has been a complete and utter failure at creating anything resembling complete streets that are safe and comfortable for all users. In Santa Monica the most despotically designed and horrible environments for bike riders and walkers are the few remaining stretches of road operated by Caltrans. In Malibu they have fought against calming PCH through areas with greater pedestrian and bicyclist activity, watching people die every year and essentially saying, fuck it, let the death keep rolling.
Why on Earth would we want such a callous and completely out of touch agency of government holding the keys for bikeway design?
Sure CABO has done some good things, fought some good fights on legal rights over the years, but it grows less relevant every day. It seems to operate on it’s own agenda with zero effort of consensus building with bicyclists and bike groups across the state, and if they want to maintain any credibility, it better start answering to the people it claims to serve.
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I don’t know if there is anything to take the place of Caltrans at the state level, but I think local governments should have more freedom to experiment with successful designs from elsewhere.
Caltrans is not operating under any kind of principle to respect human life or preserve value in local communities, and I don’t think communities should tolerate needless death and devaluation of their tax base to conform to the Caltrans agenda of moving cars above all other criteria.
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The U.S. Congress is more responsive than Caltrans, which sometimes doesn’t even bother to show up at their own meetings. And no, I’m not joking; I’ve sat there waiting for them.
They should have been dissolved and replaced with a more efficient and responsive state transportation agency decades ago.
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The reality is that Caltrans is by law responsible for maintaining state highways and bikeways standards. If your goal is to dissolve Caltrans, lobby your state elected officials, they’re the ones that wrote the laws giving Caltrans it’s authority, and they have the authority to dissolve it, reconstitute it, etc. In the meantime, I’m interested in making the existing system work better for cyclists within my time budget and skill set as a volunteer advocate.
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No Gary, CABO does not want “everything to go through Caltrans”. This a misrepresentation of CABO’s position. We support good state standards and effective processes for experimentation, so cities can be creative within the set of proven and safe deisngs. State law, both in the SHC and the CVC require state approved traffic controls (stripes, signs, signals) be used on all highways, which is why the CTCDC exists. We simply want a similar process for creating design (widths, geometry, etc.) improvements. It’s precisely because Caltrans has been recalcitrant, that we support legislation to force them to change. If I approved of everything Caltrans did, I wouldn’t be bothering to teach them to do better or supporting legislation that forces them to do better. There are so many bad, sub-standard designs on the streets throughout the state right now that it will take decades to fix them all, and cities continue to do incompetent work because they don’t know and therefore don’t follow existing standards. I know this because I’ve been photodocumenting them for years. It’s precisely because we care about cyclist safety that we seek to improve this sad state of design in CA.
9.
The top author advocates for new road designs based on popularity instead of on engineering and safety analysis. That is, doing what people want, as if road transportation had no more requirements than dress fashion does. Yes, I think that that is the wave of the future. However, the lack of any analysis of what should be done and why will come back to bite you all. I think that the most important act for responsible cyclists, old guys like me, is to work to change the traffic laws so that competent cyclists won’t be required to ride in the popular manner. That requires repeal of CVC 21202 and 21208.
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Thanks for jumping in, John.
However, no one advocates for popularity over safety. What I advocate for is the use of designs that have been proven to increase safety and ridership in other cities. There is absolutely nothing special about California that means a roadway design already in use in Chicago, New York or Portland would suddenly turn murderous here.
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What people want of course cannot be the only consideration, but it certainly should be part of the consideration and discussion. For far too long design standards have imposed automobile dominance on the landscape whether communities ever really wanted it or not. The results of American traffic design standards speak for themselves, deaths per mile far beyond anything found in more civilized countries.
Vehicular cycling and bikeways do not have to be mutually exclusive, and I have not found many bike advocates both supporting more bikeways and supporting forcing their use by law. But I think if we make better bikeways, the vast majority of people would by choice use them. This does not preclude roadies doing their own thing. I do both, I ride to work and want a chill ride on bike lanes when aggro work commuters are in a rush, but I also go out sometimes for long road rides solo or with groups where vehicular riding is the only safe way to ride. This does not have to be black or white issue.
I would be all for both creating more separate bikeways, as well as repealing the legal obligation that they must always be used.
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You say “I have not found many bike advocates both supporting more bikeways and supporting forcing their use by law.” Please read CVC 21208. Every time a bike lane is painted, cyclists are compelled to justify their use of the rest of the roadway, to which they previously had unfettered access. So yes, every time a bike advocate supports establishment of a bike lane, they are simultaneously supporting forcing its use by law.
You suggest “if we make better bikeways, the vast majority of people would by choice use them.” Exactly so – let’s make better bikeways (the goal of AB819) and then let cyclists choose whether to use them.
10.
I used to think that any bicycling infrastructure was better than nothing, until I spent the last 2 years carefully listening to those “dinosaurs” that make up CABO, and actually spent the last 4 years using cycling for transportation in Orange County. I quickly figured out that much of the cycling specific infrastructure was just downright frustrating and dangerous to use. CABO showed me how much of the cycling specific infrastructure is substandard and as such should not have been built that way. Slowly, I came to agree that much more often than not, no cycling specific infrastructure was better than the downright criminal stuff that was being installed.
I am not at all opposed to proper infrastructure. In Irvine, I find the bike lane useful and reasonable safe (almost no driveway crossings) and clean (street swept once a week). However, in Costa Mesa most of them are horribly appalling, so much so, that many of them I will not even ride in: [http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=AQeOrGaDWag](http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=AQeOrGaDWag) I really enjoy fully isolated MUP’s like the SART, SGRT, Peter’s Canyon, etc. but they are few and far between and rarely take me where I want to go. Those are nice for a purely recreation ride.
So from my perspective on this subject now, I totally agree that we need to preserve, even enhance cyclists rights to use the roadway as any other motorized SMV. I’m not all opposed to properly thought out and constructed bicycle specific infrastructure where it makes sense. I’m very much oppose to just sending the painting crew out to make a perfectly usable street into a confusing nightmare for both motorists and cyclists: [http://www.wthr.com/story/16050449/bike-lanes-continue-to-confuse-drivers-riders](http://www.wthr.com/story/16050449/bike-lanes-continue-to-confuse-drivers-riders)
My suggestion would be to actively engage those old “dinosaurs” and learn from them before writing them off as “old school”. Some of them may be stubborn and set in their ways, but they really do understand the issues. I have, I’ve learned a ton and I’ve gotten some agreement from some of them. And I’m not a bicycle advocate at all!
11.
The one time I actually did engage a CABO board member all he could do was berate me and point to some (debunked) analysis of a study done in northern europe regarding a newly installed bike lane. He’d never actually ridden in Northern Europe. Well I have. I encourage the mysterios who run CABO to Go abroad and experience real bike facilities!
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Personnally, I’ve been therer; done that in Oslo, Amsterdam and Copenhagen at international bicycling conferences, VeloMondial. Also in Portland, Seattle, Madison, New York City, Austin, Los Angeles, Sacramento, Palo Alto, Oakland, San Louis Obispo, Long Beach, San Francisco, Tijuana, San Diego County, etc. And I have kept up with national efforts through the Assoc. of Pedestrians and Bicyclist, League of American Bicyclsts, Bikes Belong, etc.
Other CABO Board members have similar experiences.
12.
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Not sure, I also noticed that their website is fairly opaque about who they are. And there is a page on policy positions written in 1993, some of which is pretty barf worthy like calling for 14 ft. lane widths and putting turn lanes everywhere, which of course adds up to ginormous inhuman scaled streets that end up fast and unsafe for anyone.
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As Gionni knows, I’ve made no secret of my Board position in CABO, it’s in my email signature line. CABO is a volunteer organization – we have no piad staff, like the CBC or LACBC – and we have one volunteer, also a board member who works on our website. We’ve been adding new board members recently and updating their contact information, and the list was scheduled to go up later this month but I was able to accelerate the process a bit so, it’s up right now:
[http://www.cabobike.org/about-us/board-of-directors/](http://www.cabobike.org/about-us/board-of-directors/)
Please note that CABO is arranged into districts that mirror the Caltrans districts, since we aim to work closely with Caltrans to influence standards, policies, designs and projects. And we routinely work with or on the BACs for those districts that have them. Unfortunately not all Caltrans districts have BACs, which has been a problem historically.
There’s nothing mysterious about CABO board members, they are usually well known advocates in the districts in which the reside, and often well known throughout the state. Bert Hill (District 4), for example, has been deeply involved in SFBC advocacy as well as SF City commissions, and is now on the Caltrans District 4 BAC. Similarly, I was one of the founders of the LACBC, and I’ve worked with numerous cities within LA county, including the work on the Long Beach Bicycle Master plan, which after a long lull, is being implemented. I am the Policy Chair of the Caltrans District 7 BAC. Our legislative liaison, Alan Wachtel, who is the most bicycling law knowledgeable person in the state, is the author of most laws pushed by both the CBC and CABO. He is the chair of the CBAC, the CA State Bike Advisory Committee. You may know Alan via the exceptions to 21202 and 21208, particularly (a)(4) “when approaching a place where right turns are authorized”, which helps protect vulnerable bicyclists from being right hooked when passing driveways and intersections. We aren’t hiding, and never were.
13.
The San Diego County Bicycle Coalition (I don’t know of any organization named The San Diego Bicycle Coalition as listed in this blog entry) is a current member of CABO, and CBC, and LAB, and plans to continue those memberships. I appreciate all the many volunteer hours that CABO has put in over the years to maintain cyclists rights to the road. They have my support, and they deserve yours.
14.
Vehicular cycling is a survival technique to compensate for lack of accommodations in a setting that is designed to primarily serve motor vehicles. I don’t want to have to ‘keep up with traffic’ and have to take lessons from a certified instructor to feel safe riding my bicycle.
If an advocacy group works towards 1) the creation of bicycle facilities safe for people of all ages and abilities and 2) infrastructure that will increase bicycle mode share then they have my support.
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Acting as a driver works quite well at low speed.
Here are some video clips that show this:
[http://www.youtube.com/watch?feature=player_detailpage&v=yu5V_qUagGc](http://www.youtube.com/watch?feature=player_detailpage&v=yu5V_qUagGc)
[http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=6yp32rEpecQ](http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=6yp32rEpecQ)
This idea that one must ride at the speed of cars to safely operate as a driver is a myth. Operating as a driver allows a cyclist to maintain good sight lines and avoid crossing conflicts with motorists. The crossing conflicts that certified instructors would be happy to teach you to avoid are still present for bike lanes, cycle tracks and path crossings, so whether or not you choose to behave as a driver, operate at the road edge or in a bike lane, or operate more like a ped on an urban path, the crossing conflict hazard knowledge and conflict avoidance skills we teach are still useful in minimizing your crash risk.
Here is a set of slides in publicly available facebook photo album that show which crash types are most common and why crossing conflict avoidance is important to minimizing crash risk:
[http://www.facebook.com/media/set/?set=a.2338536834225.122929.1574017310&type=1&l=41315f703a](http://www.facebook.com/media/set/?set=a.2338536834225.122929.1574017310&type=1&l=41315f703a)
Another sadly popular myth is this idea that one size fits all in terms of bicycling facilities. Not everyone wants to be on a cycletrack or in a bike lane, and we believe cyclists should have the choice of behavior, which is why we support the elimination of laws that restrict our choices, and also work to make bikeways as safe as they can be, primarily by minimizing crossing conflicts manufactured by bad designs.
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Those videos look nice but the reality is if I did that anywhere I have cycled in CA (Berkeley, Oakland, Pasadena, LA, Richmond, SF) I would eventually be honked at, threatened, or physically harmed or run off the street, thus I feel pressure to ‘keep up’ with traffic.
I’m all for letting people choose if they want to travel in a bicycle facility or not but my hope is that we can design so that bicycle facilities will always be more attractive, safe and more convenient as was often the case when I cycled in Malmo, Sweden.
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I have cycled in all of the CA cities you cite and many more in throughout the state, and while I do receive the occasional honk, I’m not run off the road and while the occasional stupid comment like, “get in the bike lane”, or “get on the sidewalk”, or “get out of the street”,. etc., is annoying, it’s just a motorist having a mini-tantrum. I’m sorry it bothers you as much as it does, and one way to address the problem is to educate children in school about cyclists’ rights by teaching them traffic skills. This way they can ride to school safely by acting as drivers and when those that do choose to use a car get on the road, they will already understand traffic from a bicyclist’s perspective.
Sadly the US, as a culture, has a dim view of education, which is in stark contrast to norther European countries which have had cycling education integrated into elementary and middle school curriculum for decades. This is an area where I’d like to see the US catch up to Europe, yet many “bike advocates” don’t seem to see the virtues, and instead focus almost exclusively on bikeways.
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I’ve already stated that CABO is against laws that discriminate against cyclists, which makes them more vulnerable. 21202 in particular is routinely used to blame cyclists for being in the roadway, thus preventing them from collecting damages when they are hit by motorists, this is why we are for education, safe facilities, and good laws that protect cyclists from abuse. under current law, motorcyclists are entitled to control a full and and this right is not only protected by law enforcement, it’s in the DMV instructions, as motorists are told to protect motorcyclists safety by not invading their lane space. Yet for much more vulnerable bicyclists we are told to get to the edge of the road and be passed closely. This is all from 21202 and the mindset that we are not legitimate road users.
What’s all this talk about North Korea? In Amsterdam, all school children receive cycling education and their motor vehicle licensing is more stringent than in the US, so drivers learn to drive their bikes as kids and understand the cyclists perspective because of this pervasive education the motoring culture is not a-priori hostile toward bicyclists. I wish US advocates, as a group, supported the education side as much as the facilities side of advocacy.
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Dan, get off your high horse. You’ve repeatedly stated that you wish bike advocates — without the quote marks, please — demanded education as much as infrastructure.
In communicating with thousands of cyclists and bike advocates over the past few years, I have seldom talked to one who didn’t cite education of both cyclists and drivers as one of their highest priorities. In fact, it was one of the most requested items at the recent Calbike Summit.
If CABO really wants to do something on that front, do it. You’ll find a lot of the people currently criticizing you will support it.
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Compare how sate and federal money is spent, and you see that very little goes to bicycling education in our schools. CABO is educating those who design, build and maintain our roads. There’s no “If” about it. You write as if you didn’t read my earlier comments about what we are doing with Caltrans and local agencies.
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The fatal flaw in vehicular cycling, acting like a driver, what ever you want to call it, is the reality of aggression, ignorance, incompetence & entitlement on the street.
In a perfect world of educated & responsible drivers, bicycling as a driver works just fine, but we do not live in such a world & we are far from it. Hell, legislation apparently just passed to let slide not having a license at all. I’m all for education in all forms by any way message can be delivered, but I see very little progress on that front, & I’m not sure we could get through the thick skulls of some people no matter how much message was out there. The police are overwhelmed with the state of our traffic conditions & let most offenses slide because Caltrans style engineering calls for designs accounting for speeds beyond what is reasonable or the posted speed limit in many places.
I’m well versed in VC riding, & have spent time trying different routes & riding styles, including avoiding bike infustructure all together . Understanding VC techniques is an important part of coping with our existing horrible environment, and I do value those skills. However I am sick of the verbal abuse, the threats, the rage, & even physical attacks on my body by drivers. Frankly I do not want share space with these insane people who’s ego’s are super charged on horse power if I can at all avoid it. And I believe that sentiment is shared by most cyclists in the state, & most citizens who do not yet ride but would like to.
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Words matter; cars do not desparately do anything, people in cars (and some on bikes) do.
Yes, there is an unfortunately pervasive paradigm of misunderstanding that roads are just for cars and that bicyclists must get out of the way; in other words, Bullying! This is NOT the law – see CVC 21200.
To promote bicycling the bullying must stop!
The best facilities in existence for traveling to all legal destinations are roads. Is anyone thinking that separate facilities for bicycling will serve all destinations and will be equal if not superior to public roads? Some may so let’s get them built, but in the meantime and for everywhere else –
Roads are for people not just for people in cars!
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The law can say anything it wants. But if people have roads built for the biggest common denominator – the automobile – then people driving automobiles will bully vulnerable users out of the way. It’s called human nature and no amount of education (without facilities to restrict driver speeds) will stop human nature.
Dan said it himself. He was the victim of an intentional hit and run assault. Geee. I wonder why that happened? Maybe because of a bully who didnt give a damn about the law?
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I was hit by some gang-bangers as far as the witnesses can tell, and by what the local police told me was happening at the time. So it was an assault, not a bullying or intimidation event. The law is meaningless without education, and this is evident to me in how police enforce their prejudices and how some motorists operate. Most motorists are not criminals, and are not out to get cyclists, but enough are careless and/or hostile that it is a serious problem.
Again, the countries that integrate cycling education into the schools create drivers who understand cycling. That approach has not been tried in the US, and it’s long overdue. We’d have a lot less fat kids and pollution and deaths from parent running over the children of their neighbors at schools if kids were taught to ride and walk to school. It’s a national tragedy that so many kids are killed by obesity and dumb over use of cars to take kids a few blocks to school.
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Nope. That’s unstaged video. All the traffic video on my channel is also unstaged. So let me ask you this, the cop wasn’t there in the earlier segments of the video, yet motorists made lane changes. Are you trying to imply that the cop was somehow hiding and directing traffic? It looks like you are trying a little too hard to fabricate objections.
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I’ll imply that the cop was possibly directed to the scene by 911 callers or happened to stumble across you and decided to escort you without your knowledge, because s/he was concerned for your safety. Yes you are within “the Law” when you ride slowly side-by-side, but in most U.S. cities you will soon be bullied out of the lane. Most non-riders wouldn’t dream of what those two cyclists are doing, and will therefore never take up the activity (it is not a “sport”!). But they would if there were infrastructure. However, thanks to CABO’s insistence, city planners and engineers, many of whom are more than willing to install these kinds of facilities now, won’t be able to get it past their legal departments and municipal insurance carriers because “it isn’t in the MUTCD”, “isn’t allowed in the State of California” etc.
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“Not everyone wants to be on a cycletrack or in a bike lane” but last time I heard the vast majority of potential cyclists do want cycle tracks and bike lanes. We needn’t design for the people already cycling despite current street conditions, we need to design so that more people feel comfortable and safe enough to cycle.
“is annoying, it’s just a motorist having a mini-tantrum.” It’s enough to keep people from ever riding again.
“one way to address the problem is to educate children in school about cyclists’ rights by teaching them traffic skills. This way they can ride to school safely by acting as drivers and when those that do choose to use a car get on the road, they will already understand traffic from a bicyclist’s perspective.”
The majority of parents won’t let their children cycle, even if all had taken a safety course. And many people already have fond memories of riding as children/teens yet when they get behind the steering wheel of a car they absolutely hate cyclists, so I’m not sure education is enough to cause a significant shift in mode share and to increase the level of subjective safety needed to get more people riding.
And yes, subjective safety is what’s needed. Cycling is already relatively safe yet hardly anyone cycles because they don’t feel safe– more people would feel safe with separate facilities, slower motor vehicle speeds.
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In the second video, I counted 37 potential conflicts with the cyclist in the rear from vehicles with a much higher mass and speed moving directly behind, or to either side of this rider. Reducing potential conflicts increases the feeling of comfort for a person on a bike, or thinking of biking, and greatly reduces the odds of injury. This style of riding has very little potential to attract people to cycling in any but a small number. It’s a road warrior style of riding that has very little appeal beyond a few fearless males.
The Netherlands has the highest amount of cycling education and they DO NOT put people on bicycles in front of fast moving vehicles that have much greater mass. There are four times more bike paths in the Netherlands than bike lanes. That was done to reduce the potential conflicts with motorized vehicles and to increase the comfort for people on bicycles. This seems to have worked very well as the Dutch have by far the greatest cycling rate of any country in Europe.
15.
I’ve been working with Caltrans to improve intersection and interchange practices. There is a new set of guidelines out that is not yet widely adopted that does much of what you want, and I’ve been doing my part in District 7 BAC meetings to ensure that designers are aware of the guidelines and use them. For just one of many examples, you are probably aware that the I-710 corridor is going to be rebuilt, costing 10s of billions of dollars over a decade of time, and left to themselves, Caltrans and some of the local cities would put in Single Point Urban Interchanges (SPUI or SPI) that are extremely challenging barriers to bicycling, even worse than many of the existing bridges on arterials over the southern section of the I-710 freeway. We are working to make sure that these facilities include by-pass paths as well as road features (signs, Sharrows, Signal timings) that support both road cyclists and those preferring a separated facility.
Regarding driver hostility, that’s a cultural problem much bigger than CABO, the CBC or any local coalition, and as I’ve stated here and in many other forums, it’s education that’s the root of the problem. Most of the problems I witness and hear about stem from total ignorance of bicyclists’ rights and the hostility it translates into on the road. Cultures (Netherlands, Danes, etc.) that value bicycling teach it in public schools so everyone know cyclists rights and by knowing, can protect said rights.
16.
CABO Board membership is as diverse as it is based on our volunteers willingness to serve. There are no gender, ethnic or other innappropriate restrictions to Board membership. The CABO annual General Membership meeting and elections are held at the Great Western Bicycle Rally in Paso Robles. All members are welcome, and teleconferencing participation is available.
I welcome offers to serve and there are current Area Director vacancies we’d like to fill in Districts 1 – Eureka, 2 – Redding, 9 – Stockton, and 10 – Bishop.
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Los Angeles is a City, District 7 is two counties (LA and Ventura). Los Angeles County has the LACBC, and it has local chapters. No one is preventing you from “having LA”. Why not form a local LA City chapter of the LACBC? Or a local LA City advocacy organization? It sounds to me like you have a local, and not state focus. I helped Chris Quint, Andrea White and others form a local Long Beach organization to deal with local issues (Long Beach Cyclists). There’s no one holding you back but you. I wasn’t born with local and state level connections, I spent the better part of two decades earning them, as did Jim Baross, John Ciccarelli, Bert Hill, and many others in CABO and the CBC who operate at the state level.
Please recognize that CABO is a state organization, and many of the board members regularly deal with sate level issues and travel throughout the state, so we maintain awareness of much more than just our own local districts. Regarding CABO’s organization; it reflects a state/Caltrans focus. If you (Gionni) don’t like it, then by all means form an alternate organization or join one; CABO is not holding you back…
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I recognize that CABO is a state org. You may have spent decades earning state connections but that doesnt make you right about your policy.
I’ve been working politically developing my own initiatives and political connections. I’m just getting started. I am active and anxious to create a change in the system along with thousands of other cyclists.
17.
If I’m not mistaken, you stated that you visited Netherlands, saw no problems, violated Dutch laws by deciding to ride VC. This was a comment [by you about the conference,](http://sports.groups.yahoo.com/group/chainguard/message/1918)
“I participated in the Velo Mondial 2000 conference session titled
“Integration or Segregation”. The segregationist were firmly in control of the discussion via the moderator. I thought of the term “Uncle Tom”, used in the US to refer to someone willing to put up with racial segregation/degradation because it is easier than trying for equality.”
And even though you experienced no problems, made a weird prediction that everyone would die (??) if we got similar infrastructure?
“The Amsterdam system of lanes for cars, bicycle “tracks” and sidewalks wouldn’t work if established today in the US. We’d be mowed down by motorists at every intersection.
Conversely, imposing on Amsterdam the US system of lanes for everyone (if you’re willing to assert your rights) and sometimes some other special facilities for bicyclists would, I expect, result in many deaths in the first week.”
This infrastructure seems to be working pretty well in Portland and NYC which were in large part brought in from the places like the Netherlands.
Please explain again how you represent the majority of current and future cyclists in California?
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We also segregate trucks out of residential streets (except when they are making deliveries) and only allow them to use the two right-most lanes of the Freeway System.
Any vehicle with more than two axles (except buses) is not allowed into the HOV/HOT/Express Lane system.
We have “bus-only” facilities throughout the state.
While Streetcar/Light Rail (and even some freight rail) has in the past been built into the street (called “street running”) and is presently proposed for downtown Los Angeles, we also have tended to build Light Rail only medians on newer projects where feasible.
So how come these other non-private-auto modes can have segregations, but not bicycles?
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Segregated facilities work in Malmo, Sweden too! I love when the cycle tracks there let me bypass a traffic signal that’s stopping adjacent motorized traffic. Riding on the facilities there often allow one to go faster than VC riding. Perhaps we should entice VC’s like that– proper bicycle infrastructure lets you go FASTER than VC’ing!
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How do we know whether it’s proper bicycle infrastructure, without installing some and conducting experiments? That’s what the CBC/CABO AB819 is about: Kicking Caltrans into motion to install and learn about innovative facilities.
What if it’s not proper bicycle infrastructure, but it’s attracting user anyway? In the Prokop case, CABO alone was fighting for those path users’ right to expect the paths to be safe, following the standards for engineering and installation and maintenance.
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Too many times CABO expects exactly perfect or nothing at all.
People are dieing RIGHT NOW.
Every time I see a VC video showing some sunny weekend in Long Beach I want to puke. Make one during rush hour in LA on a 7 mile commute from century city to hollywood. The bike lanes on Santa Monica are awesome. If CABO had it’s way they wouldnt exist. Even the sub par lanes on Sunset establish a clear right for me to be there which is better than if they weren’t there at all.
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When you fabricate stories that are not true: “The bike lanes on Santa Monica are awesome. If CABO had it’s way they wouldn’t exist.”, you demonstrate your desire to smear rather than to understand. CABO did not advocate against bike lanes on SM Boulevard. CABO is against the law (CVC 21208) that makes all CA bike lanes mandatory and we oppose the edge law (CVC 21202) because these laws restrict our choices and treat us less well than car drivers or motorcyclists, and subject us to harassment by police, and saddle cyclists with the presumption of fault in crashes (so they can’t collect damages in court).
And I chuckle a bit when you repeatedly make the statement “People are dieing RIGHT NOW”, not because of the spelling error, but because it is not a rational argument. Ideologues across the full political spectrum use this same form of discourse: “people are dying in the streets, right now, therefore do what I want”. If you want to be effective in working with state and local agencies, you need to drop the emotional rhetoric.
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I see nothing funny about cyclists dying, regardless of how it’s spelled. Last year, 71 cyclists died on Southern California streets, not counting shooting victims. And by far, the leading cause of death was hit-from-behind collisions.
If you want to call people passionate about reducing that number to zero ideologues, be my guest. But it says far more about you than it does those you unfairly criticize.
Personally, I will not rest until no bike riders die from traffic collisions. And that will never happen as long as there is more focus on Vehicular Cycling — by any name — over good infrastructure.
19.
I would like to see more transparency from CBC. Several years ago it discontinued its discussion mailing list. The CBC newsletter is a house organ that discloses only what the CBC directors choose. Where is CBC’s honest airing of the differences expressed above? Nowhere. The CABO discussion mailing list is a lot better in this regard. CBC is far from transparent unless perhaps one is at their annual conference or in Sacramento. CBC chose not to vet the proposed language for AB 819 before its introduction with all California bicyclists, because it knew there would be concerns as expressed here — and others. I guess knowing what I know about it, I can’t fault CBC for the level of transparency it chooses to express, but to say it is more transparent than CABO, that’s really stretching the truth.
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I suspect the trend to closing public discussion forums reflects advice from (Thunderhead) Alliance for Biking and Walking, the country’s premier professional advice-givers in managing non-profit advocacy groups in those fields.
The Bicycle Coalitions in both San Francisco and Silicon Valley both still maintain email discussion forums, but they’re disavowed as ways to interact with management or leadership. They’re maintained only as a public service, discussions between cyclists in the region – nothing about the organizations’ work.
SVBC says their website’s forums are now the official way to interact with management and leadership, but they’re largely idle, and their management and leadership ignore direct questions. The website is a one-way communication channel from management to dues-payers.
Regarding “CBC chose not to vet the proposed language for AB 819 before its introduction with all California bicyclists”: I wouldn’t expect that of any organization that’s active in legislation. Authoring happens at the sponsoring organization, and the committee meeting is the forum for public vetting.
20.
One could also levy that same complaint about the LACBC, which disbanded it’s email list a number of years ago, effectively severing communications from and to members who didn’t attend the downtown LA meetings. But I’m not here to criticize the CBC or the LACBC, just to set the record straight about CABO, which does have an email list precisely to hear from members and others who have questions, or wish to point out problems occurring throughout the state. CA is a large state and the CABO Forum is how we often first find about about problems with Caltrans and local agencies in many parts of the state.
In terms of CABO transparency, the LACBC (board and staff), and other groups regularly attend the Caltrans D7 BAC meetings, so it’s not like the presentations I give on behalf of CABO there are any kind of secret, nor are the presentations CABO gives at CBAC, which are also a matter of public record. Not only do I have nothing to hide, I actually put most of my presentations and course materials in public FB albums so people can learn from them, and/or give feedback. I’m trying to do the opposite of hiding my materials.
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I propose that district 7 get as many or more reps as the bay area. It’s not right that ALL of Los Angeles AND Ventura are repped by one person.
I’m hereby volunteering for Los Angeles, my city of birth, the city I grew up riding and driving in, the streets that have mine and my friend’s blood on them, the streets I ride EVERY SINGLE DAY ALL CITY and at all times. I’m an LCI, and a vehicular cyclist. Split Los Angeles and Ventura amongst at least 4 reps.
My reason to join? I’m sick of friends dieing (SP) and getting hit on unsafe streets because LADOT’s hands are tied by state regulation.
what are the qualifications to get on the board?
21.
One has to really question the motives of an organization who would have stopped the incredible developments in Long Beach…
[http://www.cabobike.org/2009/09/21/proposed-bikeway-in-long-beach-letter-to-ctcdc/](http://www.cabobike.org/2009/09/21/proposed-bikeway-in-long-beach-letter-to-ctcdc/)
[http://www.cabobike.org/2009/09/30/proposed-bikeway-in-long-beach-letter-to-cbac/#more-126](http://www.cabobike.org/2009/09/30/proposed-bikeway-in-long-beach-letter-to-cbac/#more-126)
…because it might not have catered to 25 mph bicycles…
[http://cabobike.org/blog/wp-content/uploads/2009/09/Long-Beach-Conflict-Diagram.pdf](http://cabobike.org/blog/wp-content/uploads/2009/09/Long-Beach-Conflict-Diagram.pdf)
…while at the same time demanding that bicycles be allowed on the SR241 toll road:
[http://www.cabobike.org/2008/08/19/state-route-241-the-case-for-bicyclist-access/](http://www.cabobike.org/2008/08/19/state-route-241-the-case-for-bicyclist-access/)
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CABO was not opposed to the developments in Long Beach, we have been actively engaged in helping the city make improvements city wide; we were the ones who educated Caltrans staff and helped them fix the bad striping of bike lanes on PCH in Long Beach, as well as improving the PCH bridge over the San Gabriel River. We didn’t oppose the cycletracks as a facility, just the way the city approached the experimental process, as detailed in the blog. I should also note that the CIty had originally planned to sign the path as a bike lane and we were able to ensure that the facility was signed as a path, thus making it legally optional, and protecting the rights of cyclists who choose not to use the paths on 3rd and Broadway.
Regarding the 25 mph design speed, that’s straight out of the HDM, and is required by law. The unprotected driveways and poor sight lines could have been avoided if the CIty had removed a few parking spaces and installed turn lanes and stop sign controls to both require motorists to yield, thus giving cyclists explicit ROW and legal recourse if a motorist injures or kills a cyclist, as well as making crashes less likely by improving visibility.
Regarding SR-241, state law, SHC 888 and SHC 888.2 respectively require alternate routes be provided otherwise the route must be open to bicycling, and new routes should be provided when freeway corridors are established. Yes, CABO expects state and local agencies to follow state laws that support cycling access. If you question these motives, than I wonder why you are against safer designs and improved access.
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Sorry BikinginLA, but I have to disagree with you on the whole “let’s dress like the pros” argument. (I could not reply up there ^^ to your comment).
Go to any pick up game or any youth sports.
You might see some cheap replicas on some youth teams because the kids, if they can afford it, want to dress up like their heros. You might see one participant in an adult pick-up game wearing a full accurate uniform, but no more. Those replica jerseys cost hundreds of dollars and are not going to be used for sweaty, dirty play by most people. And then in either case, the participants are most likely going to have regular clothes on for the rest of their clothing.
Only the John Forrester Vehicular Cycling crowd goes out dressed head to foot as extras in a Greg Lemonde film biography.
It really looks very silly and gives all bicycling a credibility gap.
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No need to apologize; I know where you’re coming from. While I do agree it looks silly from the outside, the full spandex get-up serves a valuable purpose for those riding for speed and distance; less so for those riding to the market and back.
While I’ve worn spandex for over 25 years, I’ve never been one to wear the pro-looking outfits. Mine are more conservative, though still with the bright colors to catch the eye of motorists; I’ve found more subtle tones tend to make me almost invisible to some drivers.
Don’t forget, though, that some who wear sponsors logos are local, regional or national-level racers who are in fact sponsored by the people whose names adorn their jerseys. I’d wear someone’s logo on every ride if wanted to sponsor a lowly bike blogger.
But one vital clarification. Not all roadies — even those covered head to toe in spandex — are Vehicular Cyclists. I’m not, though I do ride that way when the situation calls for it; I’d much rather have decent infrastructure so I would seldom, if ever, have to ride that way. And I know far more who wear regular street clothes on their rides who follow VC religiously.
23.
I’d rather you make the busy urban roads that most of the population will use safer than some remote mountain toll road. Why not work with Irvine Land to get Portola Parkway completed, or pave one of the dirt roads that already connects the two ends of that road?
Newsflash: Grandma ain’t gonna ride on the shoulder of an Expressway (I wouldn’t refer to SR 241 as a “freeway” in public)
Wouldn’t the pre January 11th AB 819 have allowed more local control on things like HDM speeds? Isn’t the issue here, that you guys really seem to miss, that there is way too much control over what cities want to do by Caltrans and that since things like the HDM are controlled by Caltrans (who are well known for their embrace of non-automobile modes…NOT!) then we will never see any changes to the status quo.
The bill prior to January 4th, 2012 allowed for a new Class IV bikeway (effectively a Dutch cycletrack) that could have then been set to a lower design speed and still allowed for the Vehicular Cyclists to use the street.
But, no, now we will not have that because we will not be able to use the new increasingly proven, design standards already in place from the American Association of State Highway and Transportation Officials or the Association of City Transportation Officials but will now instead have to go through Caltrans to do anything…
…if and when they get around to “establish procedures for cities, counties, and local agencies to request approval…for purposes of research, experimentation, and verification”
Sure, the city attorneys and insurance carriers are gonna sign off on “experimentation”. Have you any idea how hard it was just to install R4-11’s because two years later Caltrans has not approved the 2009 MUTCD (hopefully the process was completed today)?
And then using CABO lines of thinking, there is this:
[http://www.dot.ca.gov/hq/traffops/signtech/mutcdsupp/pdf/camutcd2011draftrev/100710DSenor.pdf](http://www.dot.ca.gov/hq/traffops/signtech/mutcdsupp/pdf/camutcd2011draftrev/100710DSenor.pdf)
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Portola was/is a political hot potato, and was deliberately not completed because of agreements between Caltrans, the City and the toll road provider, not to compete with the toll road. But that’s beside the point, SHC 888 and 888.2 are clear on this point of bicyclist access. It’s a false dichotomy to pit access versus facilities development.
We support uniform state laws and standards, and sound experimentation processes. You may have a different view.
CABO has been supportive of the BMUFL signs for over a decade, and it has been at fight at the national and state levels to get that R4-11 sign into the MUTCD (and then to the CAMUTCD), since the CTCDC did not want to adopt it. Part of why CABO pushed for CTCDC involvement and representation was because such traffic controls were not being approved by CA. You really don’t appear to understand how the CTCDC works or CABOs long involvement. Are you aware that it was CABO Traffic Engineering Liaison, Bob Shanteau, who spearheaded the CTCDC subcommittee that implemented AB1581 (a bill law CABO supported) so that signals will detect bicyclists?
Caltrans was dragging it’s feet and didn’t want to implement the law. That was over a year of hard work to get those standards into the CAMUTCD. Where were the CBC or any local groups during that period?? CABO has been supportive of sharrows, BMUFL signs and also improved geometric designs and work to get them into the standards.
Regarding CAMUTCD experiments, if a city wants to perform them, they happen. Since approved experiments are official traffic controls, the local agency has the same liability protection as anything in the manual proper.
The 2012 CAMUTCD has been approved by the CTCDC, and the Feds at FHWA have signed off, though Caltrans has not yet published it on their website.
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CABO forcing bikeways design through Caltrans? This is not a factually correct statement. CABO did not enact the laws (CVC and SHC via the State Legislature) that require use of standards (HDM and CAMUTCD via Caltrans and the CTCDC). CABO has far less power and influence than you imagine with the Legislature or Caltrans. Bicyclists at CABO have been complaining that signals were not constructed using loops types and sensitivity settings to detect bicyclists for over 3 decades and Caltrans turned a blind eye. It wasn’t until we were able to work with the motorcycling lobby was it possibe to force Caltrans, through legislation, to make signals detect bicyclists through AB1581 and lots of subsequent committee work. It was even worse for Sharrows and BMUFL signs. I wish we had the level of influence you imagine we have, but we don’t.
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I’m getting confused. You say CABO has influence with Caltrans and state officials cultivated over decades, then turn around and say you don’t.
But since the point of this entire discussion is the change in wording — at CABO’s suggestion — of AB 819 to force infrastructure projects not yet part of the MUTCD to go through Caltrans for approval, I’d say your first sentence is rather disingenuous.
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Your confusion stems from black and white, do or don’t thinking. I wrote that our influence was not as great as you imagine and you mapped it to zero. We have relationships and access, but not the level of influence you imagine, and I was very careful to point out that the Legislature and Caltrans drive the standards, NOT CABO, so there is nothing disengenous about citing state authority. Do you understand that SHC 890.6 and SHC 890.8, and CVC 21401 have been on the books for many decades? You write as if those sections, which we are seeking to modify, were new.
On the subject of influence at Caltrans, I recently presented data showing why minimum bike lane and sharrow placements endanger bicyclists by routing them into the door zone of parked cars, and/or exposingthem to close passes by motorized traffic. CBAC was not very willing to improve minimum BL standards, though they do seem inclined to improve Sharrow placements, or at least consider the question. CABO is not the gatekeeper you accuse of being, nor are we interested in “grabbing power”. We simply advocate for good laws, standards, and enforcement.
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Dan, please don’t tell me what I think. You are as far off base with that as you are anything else. How would you possibly know what level of influence I imagine you have? Are you psychic? My shrink? Do you read my diary? I only know that CABO’s influence, whatever that may be, is far more than I am comfortable with.
I repeat the original argument — CABO is a very small organization that professes to represent California cyclists, many of whom would disagree with the arguments you make on our behalf.
I have no problem with CABO representing the small minority of cyclists who belong to the organization. I do have a problem with it it helping to gut AB 819, then professing that it was done on behalf of safety, when it will only create more red tape and continue to put more cyclists in jeopardy.
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It is clear that we disagree and are unlikely to come to consensus. I plan to seek to have Caltrans adopt an open and effective procedure for trial, review, and adoption of better environments for bicycling via the HDM.
What are you going to do besides question what CABO is and what its members stand for?
When you have ideas for CABO, feel free to communicate those through a CABO BOARD or other member or directly to me.
24.
Question for CABO: On your forum one of your directors claims there are “several near-misses” in the following video from Chicago:
Could you educate me as to where these occur because I simply do not see them. In fact, thanks to the width of parking lane, I see cars forced into making right turns such that the bicyclist is in the driver’s field of vision as opposed to the current standard at Caltrans where the bicyclist is in the driver’s blind spot as the entry into the bike lane begins.
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Thanks! The more direct link is here:
[http://sports.groups.yahoo.com/group/chainguard/message/29715](http://sports.groups.yahoo.com/group/chainguard/message/29715)
It is wondrous to see “bicycle advocates” using the same kinds of arguments against cycletrack construction that many anti-public transit forces have used against construction of rail transit facilities (i.e. “Rail ridership only comes from the riders of the buses that were ‘replaced’ by the rail line”). Except in the long run that has proven not to be true. Why? Because there is a large segment of the population who will not commute or otherwise travel by bus just as there is a large segment of the population who do not want to be Vehicular Cyclists on the busier roads.
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Amazing. That’s the kind of backward thinking more progressive advocates have to fight on a daily basis. And totally ignores the recent stats from New York showing that the rate of cycling has doubled in the last two years since they dramatically expanded their infrastructure, while the rate of serious injuries and deaths have gone down.
I know of no better argument for the need for improved infrastructure — and no better argument for why CABO’s changes to AB 819 add an unnecessary layer of red tape and obstruction.
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Something of great importance that has mostly been left out of this discussion is the impact of bike lanes and other facilities on other street users besides bicyclists. Streets that go through configuration changes to include bike lanes often see safety improvements across the board, including for pedestrians and drivers as well cyclists.
Something that has come up several times during the Santa Monica bike plan process was the results of the Ocean Park bike lane and road diet, which was initially installed as a trial project, and resulted in a 50% reduction in collisions of all kinds. Despite increased bicycle ridership, total bike collisions dropped as well.
Personally I wish the bike lanes were a little wider, with more room to buffer from doors, but it’s hard to argue that the changes to the street were a bad thing. The street became easier and safer to cross for pedestrians, bicyclists were given their own lane, which attracted more riders, but decreased collisions, and the travel time impact to drivers were minor, and fewer drivers collided with each other. It was a win win for everyone.
In New York some street reconfigurations reduced fatalities by so much, that it is literally increasing the average lifespan of New Yorkers because of the past years of traffic fatality reductions. Cities in California could be learning and implementing based on the successes elsewhere, but instead we will continue to be hobbled by having approval go through the unresponsive Caltrans.
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I interact with LACBC Staff/Board members monthly at Caltrans D7 BAC meetings, and I also attended the LA County Bike Summit this year, hosted by the LACBC and the City of Long Beach (were you Gionni, there?). So, as I’ve written multiple times on this thread, I support all behaviors, so this “elitist stance that VC’s have taken” statement is factually incorrect. As the late Senator Moynahan used to say, “Everyone is entitled to their own opinions, but not their own facts”.
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I’ve also seen you interact with past LACBC staff over facebook, which is essentially it’s own public forum, and belittle and antagonize people for making pro-bike infrastructure comments, often with a sprinkling of implied male superiority and sexism.
My wife Meghan (now an LCI instructor) made a comment about finding your sexist commentary being posted on facebook updates offensive, and your response was to reply with another sexist offensive comment and mock the whole thing.
These are certainly not the qualities I look for in someone to represent the interests of a diverse bicycling public in California.
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The point may or may not be that it’s personal, the point is that you say offensive things to people and that’s not becoming of a person in your power.
I posted earlier that you acted condescending towards people including myself. Ok, it’s true, I’m not a rocket scientist, but I am still a person who rides a bike in your district and you are not representing mine or the majority of cyclist’s wishes regardless of your perception of the “facts.”
I’m down to do a ride with you. Let’s link up.
I’m telling you, I’m VC to the core, but I don’t wish to have to be.
Let’s do this. East Hollywood to Downtown LA. I do it in 15ish minutes. But I will ride at what ever speed you want. Lets film it. 8:30am
I disagree with VC’s in their rigid view of standards.
I agree that cyclists should be able to ride where they please in any lane. I use both lanes actively even when there is a bike lane. I do it responsibly. But as I get old and slower I look forward to riding briskly and casually to where I need to go. I will need 20mph max car speeds or segregated facilities to truly feel safe.
I WANT, like many people I know, to have bicycle facilities with robust new thinking designs. Some recognize that it will be far from perfect, but most of us believe that experimentation should defer to local powers to decide what they want and assume their own risk. All your org should be doing with it’s power is to find solutions world wide and advocating for their use here. Or better yet getting laws that give special vulnerable status to people powered vehicles such as the strict liability laws that northern europe enjoys.
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I doubt that you know much about what CABO Board members do or don’t do. Since all of them/us are volunteers, everything they do for CABO and for bicycling is “out of their way” – extra duty for which you feel it appropriate to criticise… based on what?
You say “we want facilities” as though CABO does not want better facilities – not so.
Is your statement intended to goad my/our responses, to whip up disfavor with CABO, or based on your honest misunderstanding? Or what?
People who have been riding competently in SoCal urban traffic for any substantial length of time are likely riding, vehicularly or as some prefer to call it, driving their bicycles with the rights and duties of operators of vehicles. These people are certainly more skilled at bicycling than most people and likely are an elite group in terms of their bicycling skills and knowledge… you may even be one of them. But most of those folks I meet who are riding competently in a VC/driver type style that you characterize as elitist are also welcoming and eager to help others; not elitist.
A SERIOUS SUGGESTION:
How about we ride together sometime; some of your regular routes in LA and sone of mine in SD? I suspect that riding together, or at least in proximity/within view, will clarify some of the issues unresolved through typing at each other. We could even ride some innovative facilities. Email to [cabobike@cabobike.org](mailto:cabobike@cabobike.org)
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*“I doubt that you know much about what CABO Board members do or don’t do. Since all of them/us are volunteers, everything they do for CABO and for bicycling is “out of their way” – extra duty for which you feel it appropriate to criticise… based on what?*
So you are not a paid bicycle consultant or paid bicycle expert, or paid bicycle trainer, whose credentials are not enhanced by your position in CABO?
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Well you’re right, I do have enhanced – or maybe reduced (based on some of the comments here) – credibility because of my successful CABO involvements over several years… although no pay from CABO. (Do I also get enhanced or reduced credibility for being on CBCs board for many years too?)
I probably earn $1,000 a year from teaching fees – most of my time is volunteered, and I earn less than that per year as an expert witness though I get $250/hour for it.
Are you jealous, or what’s your point?
My point is that the CABO Directors and Board are “working” for the love of bicycling not for a paycheck – it is my supposition that many people’s bicycling advocacy is effected, sometimes directed, by their employment-point of view; planners, educators, engineers, environmentalists, political candidates/elected officials each often seem to have colored their advocacy efforts toward their ?main? interests/gain. Planners advocate plans. Engineers facilities, Educators education. Etc. While bicyclist advocates focused on bicycling for bicycling’s sake aren’t – well, not as much.
Have you heard the anecdote about the Head Bicycle-Guru – I think I have this right… He asks each of his pupils, “Why do we ride bicycles?”
One replies, “I bicycle for health and fitness.”
Second replies, “I ride a bicycle to save money.”
Third says, “I use a bicycle for sustainable transportation and reducing my carbon footprint!”
Fifth says, “I ride to reduce our dependance on and reduce the rate of depletion of fossil fuels.”
Sixth says, “I ride my bicycle to ride my bicycle.”
Guru reponds, “Ah, you know bicycling my son/daughter!”
(I can’t resist a seventh response. “I don’t ride much exept on car-free routes.” Guru responds, “Too bad. I will help you acquire the knowlege and skills to handle more traffic situations now AND, we’ll work together on improving the future of bicycling by improving our roads and other bikeway facilties.”)
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I used to think that CABO was there to protect cyclist rights to the streets. Which is why I was a supporter. But year after year I saw CABO be that group of pedantic pontificating technocrats that they are. No vision for real transportation reform and frankly, just a bunch of old white men not interested in changing the status quo. They don’t want to see women and children ride bikes. They only care about their narrow views.
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I’m finding it hard to imagine that Ms Olinger ever was a supporter of CABO, and finding no truth to her other disparaging claims about CABO, I am coming to consider any of her statements as unreliable and most likely flame-bait.
Is this discussion to degenerate toward attacking the age, race, and/or gender of CABO members rather than remaining on the merits of CABO positions and actions?
But then, …
Pedantic? Yes, lots of rule based arguments.
Pontificating? Maybe. Some of us do. Some don’t. I perfer humor…
Technocrats? Yes, we are proud of the technical expertise/experience we have… and look to increase it.
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How I earn my living is pretty tangential to the discussion of what and how CABO does its advocacy or the merits of our efforts toward AB 819… to which Caltrans is btw apparently opposed at the moment.
I am living on investments, rental property income, and a pension from 30+ years working for the City of San Diego – from working as a lifeguard, recycling specialist, etc. to financial analyst.
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The point may or may not be that it’s personal, the point is that you say offensive things to people and that’s not becoming of a person in your power.
I posted earlier that you acted condescending towards people including myself. Ok, it’s true, I’m not a rocket scientist, but I am still a person who rides a bike in your district and you are not representing mine or the majority of cyclist’s wishes regardless of your perception of the “facts.”
I’m down to do a ride with you. Let’s link up.
I’m telling you, I’m VC to the core, but I don’t wish to have to be.
Let’s do this. East Hollywood to Downtown LA. I do it in 15ish minutes. But I will ride at what ever speed you want. Lets film it. 8:30am
I disagree with VC’s in their rigid view of standards.
I agree that cyclists should be able to ride where they please in any lane. I use both lanes actively even when there is a bike lane. I do it responsibly. But as I get old and slower I look forward to riding briskly and casually to where I need to go. I will need 20mph max car speeds or segregated facilities to truly feel safe.
I WANT, like many people I know, to have bicycle facilities with robust new thinking designs. Some recognize that it will be far from perfect, but most of us believe that experimentation should defer to local powers to decide what they want and assume their own risk. All your org should be doing with it’s power is to find solutions world wide and advocating for their use here. Or better yet getting laws that give special vulnerable status to people powered vehicles such as the strict liability laws that northern europe enjoys.
THESE COMMENT FIELDS SUCK! hahah
26.
I was somewhat impressed that the CABO people were willing to try to defend their views here, until I read this by Gutierrez above: [“Since you support segregated infrastructure, there are plenty of other organizations better suited to your interests.”](http://bikinginla.wordpress.com/2012/01/12/is-an-anti-bike-fraud-being-committed-in-your-name/#comment-22501)
You’re absolutely right, bikinginla: CABO is an anti-biking fraud if they think bike lanes (AKA “segregated infrastructure”) are not an essential part of bike safety. Of course, bike lanes are expensive, and CABO provides a fig-leaf for avoiding that expense.
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But Dan also wrote: “Back when the Prokop appeal was in court, CABO was the organization that financially supported the rights of cyclists to have liability protection against cities building substandard paths. That’s right, CABO supports road users and path users, and clubs, and always has.”
And Bob wrote: “In the Prokop case, CABO alone was fighting for those path users’ right to expect the paths to be safe, following the standards for engineering and installation and maintenance.”
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CABO supports cyclists’ lawsuits for “unsafe” bike lanes, so what’s the obvious solution for a municipality? — don’t build any bike lanes in the first place. Gutierrez’ statement against “segregated infrastructure” made it crystal clear where CABO stands on bike lanes, pettifoggery notwithstanding: anyone interested in bike lanes should not turn to CABO for support, period.
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If you’d rather not have cities held as responsible for the safe construction and maintenance of the facilities they build especially for cyclists (bike lanes, paths, cycle tracks, etc.) as they are for the public roadways, then please contribute to the discussion at groups.google.com/group/caboforum
It’s the thread “Legislation to reverse Prokop?”
27.
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Your conclusion is a non-sequitur. Not strongly supporting the development of bike lanes is not the same as opposition to bike lanes, and my complaints about segregation are, as I stated in my first comment, are related to mandatory segregation through bicyclists specific discriminatory laws. To follow you logic, because I oppose the mandatory far to right law, I must oppose travel lanes? Right? Of course this is absurd, and presuming I oppose bike lanes because I oppose the mandatory use law is equally logically flawed.
You may ask yourself why I’ve spent so much of my personal time, effort and money for many years to study bike lane designs, photo-document them across the state, and produce detailed scale drawings in order to persuade transportation professionals to route them away from, bad merge/weave zones, close passing hazards, and the door zone?
Have you seen improvements on PCH in Long Beach, or the bridge over the San Gabriel River? Are you aware that I trained the engineer who redesigned the route? Are you aware that I made the side visit to the bridge with Caltrans and recommended using space from the median to create good rideable shoulders to connect to the bike lanes on either side of the bridge.
Could it be that I recognize that people are dying from conflicts due to improper geometric design, and instead of just engaging in sophistry, personal attacks, and sophomoric smear campaigns, I’m actually doing some thing substantive and constructive about it, with the people that actually design build such facilities?
Ask yourself why would Caltrans pay me to fly around the state to teach their staff how to design better bike lanes, paths, and Sharrow placements if I was opposed to bike lanes? Do you even grasp how absurd you sound to anyone who knows the facts?
I don’t expect you to understand how those with scientific and engineering training go about identifying problems, collecting data, and then proposing data-driven solutions. I understand that it’s much easier to just believe in an ideology of mode share and populist support for designs in the NACTO guide, and hurl insults at those who do not conform to your beliefs. Our world views are quite divergent, and frankly, I have nothing more to say to you, and I’m not really interested in anything you have to say to me.
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To Jim Baross, have you ridden in the Netherlands? I have a hard time believing your statement: “Amsterdam and other bike-friendly cities do not/cannot/will not keep motorists separated from bicyclists along more than a small percentage of their roads.”
I’ve ridden across a lot of that country and only on narrow inner city streets where car traffic was about 15mph (or not allowed at all) did I find that there were roads without separation. Where are you getting the stats to support this statement?
regarding your argument that somehow magically we are going to brainwash car drivers to follow the laws when the street designs encourage otherwise is naive. If this is CABO’s plan it hasn’t worked yet, and this ain’t North Korea.
I agree that education is one part of the solution and a big part. I would like to know what CABO has done specifically to address the DMV test and training manual? Your website has documents from 1981 and some from the 90’s… What have you all done lately besides water down or kill legislation that local groups across california have backed and put a lot of sweat and blood into?
I think we can all agree that streets that are designed for speeds of less than 20mph can be shared. It is the FACT that most streets are designed for speeds above 20mph and drivers are simply not obeying the speed limits. In fact state law encourages drivers to SPEED. What did you guys do to try and stop the 85th percentile law that encourages raising speed limits to accomodate speeders? Anything?
Education come from paint on the street, it comes from increased mode share (knowing people who ride) and it comes from DMV testing it comes from increased liability for drivers of vehicles including stiffer penalties for hitting and killing vulnerable road users. What have you guys done on those ends?
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I have bicycled one week in each city, Amsterdam and Copenhagen. I have no data at hand to share, only my personal experiences. Motorists and bicyclists apparently have been, as you term it, “brainwashed” there to share where there are no separate facilities… and the prioritization of bike and ped modes over motorists in law and everyday behavior is amazing, wouldn’t you say?
People’s behavior can be changed, likely faster and cheaper than we can provide parallel facilities everywhere for bicycling. But, this is not or shouldn’t be an all or nothing discussion re: facilities vs behavior. There are good reasons to have adequate separate facilities. There are also good reasons to “take back the streets!”
I do not feel compelled to recount CABO efforts for you, I’m more busy doing them. I would be interested to compare our efforts to yours however. What are you doing? What have you done?
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No data to support your claim. I see….
You aren’t getting my point. You can’t simply expect drivers to suddenly obey the laws and respect cyclists if they do not encounter cyclists much and are driving on streets that encourage driving above 20mph (pretty much all non residential streets in California.)
YOU and CABO apparently can only see in black and white. STATE CONTROL or NOTHING. People want to implement their own bike facilities in their neck of the woods using proven infrastructure such as the NACTO guide and your org was a key part of defeating that. That’s a huge problem.
YOU SHOULD FEEL COMPELLED TO RECOUNT CABO’S EFFORTS. YOU ARE AN INFLUENTIAL BODY IN CALIFORNIA THAT CLAIMS TO REPRESENT ME AND THE REST OF CYCLIST IN CA. WHERE IS THE TRANSPARENCY?
I want to see a record of what CABO has been doing for the last 40 years not just a bunch of scans of decades old documents. What exactly do you people do? Maybe it’s time to start crashing Gutierez’s Cal Trans meetings and find out what is going on around here.
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Some of the safety improvements in the Netherlands were made by separating peds and cyclists from motorized vehicles by time and space. Vehicles are usually prevented from turning right when peds or cycles have a green light through an intersection.
There is no consideration of the risk of severe injury or death to a cyclist traveling in front of motorized vehicles in any of Dan Gutierrez’s diagrams for sharrow placement. The use of sharrows is encouraged instead of five foot wide bike lanes with eight foot wide parking spaces. In the real world, this is increasing the risk of severe injury or death to a cyclist who is traveling in front of motorized vehicles that could be legally travelling 4X faster than the vunerable bicyclist. Motorized vehicles operators are simply not expecting to see something in front of them traveling at a much lower speed than they are and so may not notice the cyclist until it is too late. This is a reason why pedestrians and cyclists are not allowed to travel on freeways. It may be infringing on a cyclists rights to not be able to ride on a freeway, but it is also preventing severe injury or death of the cyclist.
Any collision between a vehicle and a cyclist should be considered serious and by not taking into account the real possibility of driver error when designing bike facilities could cause severe injury to the vunerable bicyclist. There needs to be separation of bicycles from motorized vehicles on streets that have volume and speed, to reduce the rate of injury to cyclists. Barriers will reduce the risk of injury still further as it does with pedestrians traveling on sidewalks.
Increasing the discomfort and risk of injury to a cyclist does not encourage people to get on a bicycle. It may be cheaper to do and seem to be accomplishing something for cyclists, but these narrow focused tactics of moving cyclists away from parked car doors and in front of moving traffic are slowing down the rate of any real progress of safety improvements for cycling.
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“Motorized vehicles operators are simply not expecting to see something in front of them traveling at a much lower speed than they are and so may not notice the cyclist until it is too late. This is a reason why pedestrians and cyclists are not allowed to travel on freeways.”
This is not true. 25% of the freeway miles, mostly rural, in CA are open to bicyclists. Freeways are primarily closed to bicyclists so that motorists can maintain higher speeds. In areas where there is no alternate route freeways are open to bicycling. If freeways really were too hazardous for bicyclists, as you imagine them to be, essentially none of them would be open to bicycling. This “I didn’t see the cyclist until it was too late” line, is an excuse motorists use when they hit cyclists, usually at the road edge, and not a common mode of car-bike crashes. In fact motorists are expected and expecting to see things in front of them, especially slower, and just because many people try to pretend the basic speed law doesn’t apply, is not a justification for access exclusion. The primary reason why the 75% of freeway miles are closed to bicycling is that they are urban and alternate parallel conventional highway alternate routes exist, so Caltrans sees no need to potentially slow freeway traffic.
Also note that states like Arizona, which have most of their freeways open to bicycling have a very low crash rate, much safer per unit of exposure than riding urban streets. So many myths.
Regarding bicyclists in the center of the effective lane space on urban streets, that’s where they are most visible and safest. Traffic movement rules are predicated on two factors, visibility and predictability, to de-conflict movements. The driver of a large truck could crush a sedan just as easily as a sedan driver could crush a bicyclist, and the only reason all can coexist on highways is because the traffic rules are designed for them to be in predictable destination lanes, right in front of each other within lanes so they can be seen. The idea that it’s safer to make one’s self less visible flies in the face of human factors and highway design. Most car-bike crashes, that are not otherwise caused by a cyclist violating traffic controls, are caused in part by cyclists using the road edge or sidewalk, and ending up in one of the classic crossing conflicts: hook, cross, or pullout.
Because you don’t appear to understand traffic interactions, you consider those that do understand them to be brave or foolhardy. Just the opposite is the case. We control effective lane space for reasons opposite those you imagine. We do it to minimize crash risk so we can relax and be away from car doors and too-close passes, to which traveling over 11ft door zone sharrows would expose us. A 12′ lateral placement of a sharrow in a lane 20-22 feet wide is truly awful as it encourages motorists to very closely pass cyclists riding over the sharrow, as my scale diagrams show.
By labeling lane control as brave or foolhardy, you are substituting your prejudice for fact, and promoting a definitely anti-bicycle driving agenda. I have no problem with cyclists choosing to ride anywhere they are legally allowed on the highway, including the road edge or the door zone; it’s their right. What I do have a problem with is cities encouraging higher risk behavior instead of lower risk behavior with door zone sharrow/BL placements, and “advocates” that attack those that support bicycle driving as part of their advocacy. Since cyclists can always choose to ride further rightward, having a Sharrow further left does not preclude cyclists riding as you prefer to do do, though it does make it harder for those who would choose to ride further leftward to get out of the hazard zones when on-street parking is present. Why do you want to make it more difficult for those who can control lanes to do so?
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Speaking of myths, most bike fatalities in Southern California are a result of hit-from-behind collisions, followed by collisions at intersections. Only a relatively small minority involve riders on the sidewalk.
And only one — one — of the 71 cycling fatalities in Southern California last year was the result of a dooring. So how exactly is riding in the door zone higher risk behavior?
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You stated that bicyclists in the center of the effective lane space on urban streets is where they are the most visible and safest. First, most bicycling in Los Angeles is done on the sidewalks and only a small fraction of cyclists are riding in front of moving vehicles. The great majority of cycling on the street is done riding to the side of moving vehicles. So, to conclude that riding in the center of the travel lane is the safest would likely be based on the fact that few cyclists are hit riding in the center of a lane due to few of them actually riding there and that dooring is more dangerous due to a great many or people riding there than in front of moving vehicles. This would also be like jumping to the conclusion that there was a 160% jump in cycling in the 7th St. area of Los Angeles, due to there being a 160% increase in the LACBC bicycling count at a intersection on that street from 2009 to 2011, after the installation of a bike lane there. To get an accurate picture of any increase in the cycling rate in the area, we need to know if those bicyclists are simply moving from another street in the area, or are taking up bicycling due to the installation of the new bike lane on 7th St.
“The driver of a large truck could crush a sedan just as easily as a sedan driver could crush a bicyclist.” A sedan driver, or their front passenger who is surrounded by a protective safety shell, a seat belt, air bags and is sitting several feet in front of the tailend of this vehicle, could be crushed just as easily by a large truck, as a sedan could crush a unprotected bicyclist–who has nothing other than their soft outer shell or a helmet to protect them? Unbelieveable! All collisions between a vehicle and a cyclist could be considered serious, with higher mass trucks and buses moving at walking speed potentially lethal to a cyclist. Sedans are designed to have the occupants walk away unscathed in a 30 mile an hour collision into a solid object.
Errors by motorized drivers are always a possibility and cannot be completely prevented as even the most highly trained, skilled and concerned drivers make mistakes, after all they are human. Making sure that the speed of a motorized vehicle is slow enough not to cause a fatal injury to a cyclist should be of utmost importance for safety if a cyclist is sharing the lane with them. Putting vulnerable cyclists in front of much higher mass motorized vehicles that are moving at over 20 miles an hour could cause serious harm or be fatal to a cyclist if a collison were to occur. Large differences in mass and speed should be eliminated as much as possible to lower the risk of serious injuries for all road users.
Encouraging vulnerable bicyclists to ride in front of vehicles that have much greater mass and speed IS much riskier behavior than moving to the side of the motorized vehicles, even if it’s in a door zone. Few people are sitting in parked cars to open doors, where as all motorized traffic has the potential of driver error that could be injurous or fatal to a vulnerable cyclist. Stopping or starting for a cyclist in front of a moving vehicle is a risk. I in fact had a driver accidently run over my bike from behind after both of us were proceding from a full stop. How did I reduce the odds of that happening again?. I try to stay to the right, where the opportunity for that mistake happening is greatly diminished, in other words I take my safety into my own hands and try to reduce the potential conflicts from driver error. A motorist does tend to stay within the white stripes of their lane and so a bike lane helps in keeping the motorist away from the cyclist.
It’s ludicrous to believe that any but a few people would feel as comfortable or more comfortable riding in the middle of a travel lane that has a posted speed limit of 45 mph, than off to the side in a door zone. That flys in the face of reality. The worst fear of safety for the vast majority of people who know how to ride a bike is moving motorized vehicles. They want to be away from any potentially serious or lethal conflicts with these vehicles and hopefully in a protected space, otherwise they won’t ride. This is self preservation and not something that goes away from experience for most of them.
Promoting a much wider bike lane than five feet as the minimum standard reduces the probability of putting them in for many municipalities. Encouraging the use of sharrows as a replacement that places the vulnerable bicyclist in front of much larger mass vehicles, that move at much greater speed, is discouraging people from cycling by taking scarce funds away that could be used for more useful bicycling facilities.
Frankly, you usually control lane space by driving in your car. I usually walk or ride a bike and I do sometimes control lanes with my bike. In fact, I did this a few months back on Victory Blvd at a area which had a 45 mph speed limit. I’m a very experienced cyclist and this did not make me feel relaxed. The reason why I did it was that I was in a hurry to get to work, so I rode in the street at this point, instead of the much more relaxing, but slower bike path beside the street. There were cars using the far right lane to pass slower cars to their left. Blocking these cars from squeezing past me was very uncomfortable and risky behavior. I was depending on the drivers not making the accelerated turn into the right lane to bypass cars, yet I couldn’t tell what was happening behind me and that made me very uncomfortable. Frankly, I’d much rather reduce the opportunities for vehicles to hit me and moving in front of vehicles that have a much larger mass and are legally able to move 3-4X faster than me is overlooking the possibility of human error, physics and the great liklihood of serious injury if a collison did occur.
You have taken the time to understand the language of engineering and you have produced impressive looking diagrams. But, you leave out the elements of mass, speed and human behavior, which are crucial to reducing the amount of serious injuries. If you insist that the standard be set where few will use it, then you haven’t increased the overall safety for cycling. You’ve instead have made it more difficult to get any realistically useful improvements to the volume of bicycling or safety of cycling. It’s much like putting sharrows on the moon, where few if any, will venture that far, or take the risks to ride a bike there. It would be harmless to put sharrows on the moon, as it is with locating them 13+ feet from the curb on a busy street, but it would serve no useful purpose and it would be a waste of time, manpower and money.
It would be much more useful to put effort in trying to improve the safety and volume of bicycling. That takes listening to and observing where and how people want to ride. You are not increasing the size of the pie, you are decreasing it by advocating for practically useless standards that would have little affect on the rate of safety, nor would they increase the volume of bicycling.
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“Blocking these cars from squeezing past me was very uncomfortable and risky behavior.”
You conflate your discomfort with risk. So long as you keep doing this, you will see traffic as deadly, people who cooperatively participate as “risk takers”, based not on actual risk, just your own discomfort. We fundamentally disagree on this point. No need to belabor it.
“Your use of stick figure diagrams that do not take into account peoples fears, which is mainly motorized vehicles, is not a move towards making bicycling irresistable for most people and is most certainly helping to keep the bicycling rate from increasing.”
That’s because you see actual safety as unimportant, and encouragement via perceived safety for the purpose of increasing mode share as the purpose of geometric design. I do not. I see routing bicyclists away from hazards, providing positive geometric guidance, and improved car-bike interactions as the purpose of geometric design. No need to discuss this further, since we are approaching the issues from radically different paradigms.
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Comfort and safety are not necessarily joined together for me. I felt uncomfortable due to the increased risk of severe injury or death if there was a collision with any of these vehicles that had a much larger mass than me and that were moving at a much greater speed. Speed and mass do increase the liklihood of severe injury or death to a bicyclist in a collision, or do you refute that? Or do you deny that human beings can make errors that could result in a collision in this situation?
I do not see “actual safety” as unimportant, nor do I see encouragement for modal share increases by perceived safety as the only purpose of geometric design. Your fallacious reasoning seems to have no end.
Routing bicyclists away from one type of possible hazard, by guiding them in front of a hazard that has more liklihood for severe injury or death, is not sound reasoning for increasing safety. Decreasing the overall risk of severe injury or death by trying to achieve greater homogeneity of mass and speed is much more likely to produce more favorable results in safety. If this is cannot be achieved, then there should be separation of bicyclists from the much heavier and faster moving motorized vehicles.
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I rode on more pre and post sharrow rides for the LADOT pilot study on sharrows, than anyone else. I passed hundreds of parked cars and not a single time was I in the least bit threatened by car doors that were opening. Nor am I aware of anyone else having a problem with parked doors that had been opened in front of them. The threats of injury to us were coming from the moving vehicles, behind and to the left of us, and not parked vehicles. I was sent directly in front of a moving bus and a motor scooter on Abbot-Kinney Blvd in Venice. I had a passenger shout at me on Reseda Blvd–within inches of my handlebars-to get the f*ck off the road! That was startling. A fellow rider gave someone the finger because he was so pissed off at the person. I also had a police car follow behind me on Reseda Blvd and he proceded to tell me through his intercom to move into the non-existant bike lane. He did this twice because he felt I was to far out into the road. I had another fellow rider who used to race road bikes and she felt uncomfortable riding 12-feet out into the road in front of traffic and she teaches road racing skills.
Most of the people riding bikes along Reseda Blvd are on the sidewalk. I spent hours standing at the sharrows location on Reseda Blvd observing bicyclist behavior for a followup survey and not one person rode on the sharrows. Putting the sharrows out an additional foot or more from the curb on this street would only make them even more useless, if that is possible.
I’ve ridden most of the length of Reseda Blvd numerous times in the bike lane or at the side of moving traffic and I don’t ever recall having a problem with motorized vehicles. The worries about dooring are blown way out of proportion to reality. It’s the large mass moving vehicles that are by far the greatest threat to the safety of cyclists and you certainly aren’t reducing the risk by having people ride directly in front of them on busy, fast moving streets.
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We obviously disagree on the details and strategies for protecting and promoting bicycling. Thanks for keeping this discourse civil in spite of our differing opinions.
I hope that efforts to provide for bicycle travel separated from motor vehicle travel successfully provide better bicycling conditions for recreation and transportation purposes, really. I and CABO have and will spend time/effort supporting/promoting appropriate facilties. As previously stated our intention with AB 819 is to legislate a requirement for Caltrans to institute an open and efficient process for incorporating better bikeway and roadway designs into State-required standards. We know that lots of you/us want better facilities AND that lots of transportation engineers won’t step outside accepted State standards. We want their “tool-box” expanded with good tools.
Along with this effort toward better facilities, I hope that providing special facilities does not further the defacto prohibition – bullying, harassment, inappropriate citations, excessive speeds (when a motorist cannot yield properly to a pedestrian or bicyclist operating lawfully) – of bicycling for most people on public roadways by some motorists and by too many of the law enforcement establishment.
Right now, a level of assertiveness that most people will likely never utilize seems to be required for bicycling in the midst of other traffic in many situations; “taking a lane,” even “taking turns” in the present car-culture means stepping/pedaling outside the norm. Let’s change the norms AND the facilties.
I understand that the fear of bicycling in with other traffic is not unfounded; people without sufficient knowledge and skill ARE at greater risk anywhere near other traffic in most of the USA today. And, some crashes will be unavoidable – even on completely separated facilties (bicyclist Nick Venuto was crushed in 2011 on a San Diego bike path separated by a fence, a hill of ice-plant, and a curb) – stuff happens. I have respect, not disdain, for the “freedom-rider-bicyclists” who are doiing the bicycle-driver/VC thing as pioneers in a sometimes hostile enviornment – an enviornment that can be changed… both in behaviors and facilities.
I think the apparently widely held though rarely voiced sentiment that “roads are for cars” and “bikes don’t belong” paradigm can be changed. After all, the written law is largely on our side.
In some sense I am/we are/CABO and Vehicular Cyclists/Bicycle Drivers/CycloSavvy and LCIs are showing other people how to move toward “taking back the streets” as the roads and conditions exist now. That does NOT mean that we/these folks oppose improving the hardscape/facility conditions – appropriate innovation is NOT opposed by CABO.
So, will the bashing of CABO as anti-innovation stop? Will this blog site admit that the CABO bashing over AB1 819 is off-base/unfounded?
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Jim, thank you for this comment. This is one of the few comments in this long, long stream that actually moves the dialogue forward and attempts to find common ground.
However, I will not admit my “bashing” of CABO over AB 819 is unfounded. On the contrary, I continue to believe that the original intent of the bill was far superior to the watered down version we now have, which will only stymy innovation and cause needless delays. And that CABO erred in demanding changes that I, and many others, feel have gutted the bill.
While I respect CABO as an organization. I don’t believe that it represents the wishes of the overwhelming majority of California cyclists, and has taken stands that are detrimental to the safety of current riders and the growth of cycling in California. And I believe the standards reflected by Dan Gutierrez’ “best practices” are conservative in the extreme, reflecting a long outdated view of roadway infrastructure, with a vast over emphasis on vehicular cycling, and are harmful to the growth and safety of cyclists.
I think CABO needs to take a long, hard look at itself. This discussion has revealed a lot of anger towards your organization — which clearly existed long before my thoughts were posted online, and which I clearly only tapped into the surface.
At the very least, you have a major PR problem. The question is, have we misjudged you, as you insist? Or have you badly misjudged the needs and desires of today’s cyclists?
As we move forward, I am more than willing to work with you on any points of agreement, such as returning liability to Class 1 bikeways. But I will continue to oppose your efforts when I feel you are standing in the way of what cyclists want and need.
29.
If you click on the link below you will see a post written by Mark Wagenbuur, which starts just below the video. In this article he helps explain the Dutch approach to transportation safety.
There is also a link at the end of the article that takes you to a report on the Dutch approach to transportation safety which was written by a group of students from Northeastern University who visited several Dutch cities.
[http://www.hembrow.blogspot.com/2012/01/campaign-for-sustainable-safety-not.html](http://www.hembrow.blogspot.com/2012/01/campaign-for-sustainable-safety-not.html)
Trying to encourage people who bicycle to take control of the lane by riding in front of vehicles that have a much larger mass moving at 3-4X their speed is not going to produce any significant increase in the bicycling rate. It’s counterproductive with time, manpower and money wasted on something that most potential bike riders would never feel comfortable about. Even a bike lane on a busy street, with fast moving motorized vehicles, sounds dangerous and scary to most people.
I participated on more pilot sharrow study rides for the LADOT than anyone else. I rode all six streets at least once and most I rode pre and post sharrows. It become increasing uncomfortable to ride in front of cars at 12 feet from the curb as the speed and volume of traffic picked up. Two of those streets, Reseda Blvd and Adams Blvd had probably the highest volume of traffic and posted speed limits of 35 miles an hour. One of my fellow riders on Reseda Blvd used to race road bikes and she was uncomfortable riding that far out from the curb, as was I. The amount of harrassment from drivers was impressive, with one car passenger yelling at me to get off the f*cking road from a few inches away from my handlebar. Another rider was so angry that he gave a motorist the finger. A policeman drove behind me and through his intercom told me twice to move over into the non-existant bike lane. I have ridden Reseda Blvd numerous times, as I live in the Valley, and I’ve never had any confrontations with motorists when I’m riding to the side of them, nor have I had problems with dooring.
I also stood for hours on the sidewalk taking note of and surveying bike riders at the sharrows location on Reseda Blvd. Most bike riders were too fearful of traffic to ride in the street and absolutely no one rode on the sharrows, which were further out from the curb than the bike lane is on that street.
I recommended to Michelle Mowery, the senior coordinator of the LADOT bikeways, that the busier streets, such as Adams Blvd or Reseda Blvd should have sharrows placed at the minimum 11 feet from the curb. My feeling was that few, if any people would be brave or foolhardy enough to ride in front of traffic at 12 feet. So, it would be much more effective to get bike riders to move a few more inches away from the parked cars and still not be directly in front of the moving vehicles. This might even encourage a few sidewalk riders to move onto the street. Moving the standard from 11 feet to at least 13 feet from the curb would make sharrows useless for all but a few road warriors on many streets. If people do not use them, then they are useless and a waste of time, manpower and money. People are not stick figures. You cannot make them go anywhere you want them to on a bike. They simply will not ride if they feel uncomfortable.
After seeing some use for sharrows, I know believe that they shouldn’t be used at all due to the absurdly useless and scary recommendations of Dan Gutierrez and LADOT’s liberal use of them in replace of putting in bike lanes. They are simply no substitute for bike lanes and have a minor affect on motorist behavior.
Your use of stick figure diagrams that do not take into account peoples fears, which is mainly motorized vehicles, is not a move towards making bicycling irresistable for most people and is most certainly helping to keep the bicycling rate from increasing.
-
My experience is much like yours. Despite decades of vehicular riding experience, I find myself far more comfortable riding just outside the door zone than in the middle of the lane. Even on roads with sharrows, I tend to ride on the right side of the sharrow rather than in the middle.
The only exception has been in Hermosa Beach, which has the most effective sharrows I’ve yet to encounter, and where I feel perfectly comfortable riding in the center of the right lane. And even there, I’ve encountered angry drivers upset that I’m in the road in front of them.
30.
It’s sad but predictable that the argument comes down to which is safer a controlling travel lane position, or some other fringe position when travelling on roadways. The argument for the fringe position is always “those motorists coming up behind will run me over, so it must be safer to be out of their way”. Well, if you could back that up with facts and statistics, you might have a logical argument. But you cannot, because the fact and stats show that the safest place to ride is the most conspicuous place and the position with the longest sight lines.
When you ride in the middle of a travel lane, you are clearly visible for a long distance from behind and you are conspicuous. Motorists pay attention mostly to what is directly in front of them. They have to do this otherwise they would run into other motorists that slowed down for a light, stop sign, to turn, looking around, taking a curve slowly, bad dip in the road, or whatever the reason. This is the primary mode of speed regulation in dense urban areas like LA. Motorists follow other cars and have to brake routinely and often come to complete stops. This is dictated by the vehicles in front of them, regardless of the size, weight or speed. Motorist do not want to get in an accident, because this is a time consuming and costly mistake, particularly if they rear end someone else, because then it’s almost guaranteed to be their fault.
Whereas when you ride on the road fringes or in a bike lane, motorists do not notice you because you are not directly in front of them. You are just visual noise somewhere else, but not in their lane. As such they will pass you very close without even thinking about it, especially when you are riding in a substandard width bike lane against a narrow travel lane. For example in this stretch of road, riding in the bike lane results in close passes and right hooks with regularity (from minute 2:00 to 3:45):
but staying in the travel lane prevents nearly all of the dangerous motorist behavior (as shown in the video).
When you ride in the middle of the travel lane, you have the longest sight lines for other vehicles that would cross your path, either turning left, pulling out from the right or doors swinging open. Motorists turning left look for oncoming traffic in the travel lane, not sneaking around next to or behind parked cars. If they see something in the on-coming travel lane, they pause, and access if they have to wait or can go. Motorists turn out from a drive or side street often stick there “noses” out into the roadway fringe so they can see around parking cars or other sight limiting objects. As such, if you ride in the travel lane, you will not have to veer around a motor vehicle front end that suddenly protrudes from your right. Same thing applies to car doors swung open unexpectedly (which BTW does happen and kills and seriously injures many cyclists every year, check the stats yourself).
If you ride on the fringes, you invite close passes, right hooks, and running into opening doors and motor vehicle front ends. When you let motorists squeeze by, they will do it, and they can easily pull a right hook immediately as they pass you. If you do not let them squeeze by, they will change lanes and go around you. This causes them to wait to turn right if their turn is approaching fast, because they do not have time to change lanes, pass, change back and then turn right. They treat you like another vehicle!
Road rage is certainly an issue and there are subtly lane positioning techniques that can help. But for those motorists yelling “Get the fuck off the road”, a good response is “Have a nice day”, take their plate number and report it to the police. The good thing about assholes like that is that clearly they see you so you do not have to worry about that!
Finally, I’m not connected with CABO, but after spending years reading up on all this stuff, the CABO people have it right in my book. You cannot fix bicycle safety with road paint. You might be able to do something with expensive road redesigns and isolated bike paths with grade separations. But the fastest, cheapest and easiest way to GREATLY improve cycling safety is to teach cyclists how to be vehicle drivers and to educate motorists and law enforcement that cyclists ARE drivers and they belong on the road in the travel lane and treated like motorists.
Personally, I have taken this to heart and my cycling is vastly more relaxing, I have nearly zero close calls, and I have less issue with road rage that when I road on the fringes. I’ve found that I fit in best in dense urban areas when there is no bike specific infrastructure on the road. No, I do not ride in LA much, but I do ride plenty of busy streets in Orange County, the IE, and north San Diego area. Try the PCH through Laguna Beach in the summer and I’m sure you will find it comparable to LA’s busy streets.
Willie
-
Willie, your comment about not being able to fix road safety with paint would seem to be belied by New York City, [which has done exactly that](http://transportationnation.org/2011/12/08/nyc-dot-commuter-biking-in-nyc-doubled-in-last-four-years/).
After installing 260 miles of bike lanes in the past four years, New York has doubled the number of bicycle commuters, while bike injuries and fatalities have remained steady despite the rise in ridership. In addition, safety has improved for all road users, with fatalities at their lowest levels of the past century.
Yes, vehicular cycling is a valuable tool, but it is not the only tool. To deny that good infrastructure can improve road safety is simply not true.
-
Now you are falling into the worse kind of scientific error. Correlation does not mean causality. What all has happened in the past 4 years? The economy has tanked, motor vehicle driving has decreased, people are out of jobs and do not have money to pay for high gasoline prices, car insurance, repairs, etc. People who do have jobs are afraid they will lose theirs. They are far more cautious. Unemployed people are flocking to bicycles all over the country, because they cannot pay the bills, and some of them figure out that ditching the motor vehicle for a bicycle saves a ton of money. Bottom line, you cannot show how much causality all the bike lanes installations have improved cycling safety in NYC, any more that any one of many other contributing factors.
Don’t get me wrong about painting. I should have been more clear, and said “paint alone will not fix bicycle safety”. I feel paint alone will do very little. However, there certainly are things that can be done, but they need to be done thoughtfully to existing roads or planned before road construction for new roads. I do a lot of riding in southern Orange County, where by design the newer major roads have very few access points (drives, cross streets, etc), high speeds and have wide bike lanes. That 6 inch wide paint stripe works just fine for such roads, and I enjoy traveling in a 5 foot wide bike lane, while motorist zip by at 40, 50, 60, even 70+ MPH day in and day out. But I still have to deal with intersections and some of them are downright dangerous if stay in the bike lane too long, or try and get back in the bike lane too soon.
Similarly, if you take a travel lane and turn it into a buffered bike lane in a dense urban area, you can ride your bicycle as if you were controlling a regular travel lane, but exclude motorist from it. That’s likely to provide a safety benefit for cyclists, because you let them be bicycle drivers while easing their “fear of the rear”. If you have enough bicycle traffic this may be a justified exclusive bicycle use of a lane. However, in LA, I doubt you could justify taking lanes away from motorists on most streets only for cyclists’ use. The problem is that most of the time, the cities just start painting with little thought about the cyclists needs or safety, and the results are often bicycle infrastructure that is worse than none at all. We have a ton of terrible bike lanes in Orange County mostly in the older areas where the streets were never designed with bike lanes in mind.
Willie
-
You’re absolutely right. There are a number of factors that could contribute to the increase in ridership in New York. But none of the factor you cite could have contributed to the decrease in overall collisions — or rate of cycling collisions remaining at the same level despite the increase in ridership.
There is no arguing that the paint on the ground has worked. And that it has worked in a remarkably short period of time.
As for L.A., we recently had a very successful road diet on 7th Street West of Downtown that took away two traffic lanes from motorists while creating a center turn lane, and bike lanes on each sides. The same thing is happening on Main Street in Venice as we speak. And a bus-only lane was recently turned into a green bike lane on SPRing Street in Downtown L.A.
If they can do it in New York, and we can do it in Los Angeles, there’s no reason it can’t be done in Orange County if you’re willing to fight for it.
-
Here’s a link to a bike lane safety evaluation that was done by the city of Phoenix:
[http://www.bicyclinginfo.org/bikesafe/case_studies/casestudy.cfm?CS_NUM=201](http://www.bicyclinginfo.org/bikesafe/case_studies/casestudy.cfm?CS_NUM=201)
Under the heading: Where did the bike crashes occur–Only 10% of reported bike crashes occured on local streets, where 74% of the streets are located in Phoenix. The report then states: “These are the safest streets for bicycles because of lower speeds, narrower street crossings, and fewer conflicting motor vehicles.”
The report further states: “Of the 682 reported crashes with motor vehicles, 95 percent of the crashes occured on streets with no designated bike facilities.”
“Less than 2 percent of the bicyclists were struck while riding on a on-street bike lane, and a smaller percentage of bicyclists were struck while riding in a striped shoulder (not signed as a bike lane).”
31.
I happened to stand on the Western Avenue bridge over the Santa Monica Bridge (I-10) today (Sunday) for about 15 minutes. This is basically the boundary between Koreatown and West Adams, neither of which are high-income areas of Los Angeles. I must have had at least 15 bicycles plus a couple of skateboarders pass me, all on “my sidewalk”; didn’t count how many were on the other side, but one of the many over there was a home-made cargo-bike out to sell confections and snacks. There’s indeed something happening here, William Hunt.
And if CABO would open its eyes to the potential out there to get more Amsterdam and Copenhagen like infrastructure built *in the city*, we could see an incredible mode-share revolution here in Southern California.
Which would benefit all forms of cycling.
32.
“Do you accept that people using roadways – motorists, bicyclists, pedestrians – are required to look for and respond appropriately, slow down and pass when safe, to things/people in the roadway? That traveling too fast for conditions such as when there is a bicyclist on the road or a pedestrian trying to cross is illegal,”
Do you Jim Baross accept that a lot of people don’t give a damn about the law and drive like fools on streets that are designed to encourage speeding well above the posted limit?
You have no answers to my questions because CABO is in denial.
WHAT DID CABO DO ABOUT THE 85th PERCENTILE LAW that was passed a few years ago? ANYTHING? Hellooooo…. Bueller?
If CABO can shush a 3 foot law then I expect it to act the same for a law that allows car drivers to break the speed limit.
33.
[…] that calls itself CABO, California Association of Bicycling Organizations. This small and relatively unknown, group argued that rather than create a law that would have created the sort of bicycle facilities […] |
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Кол-во
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Алюминиевые формы идеально подходят для использования службами доставки еды, пекарен и кондитерских, кафе, ресторанов и иных предприятий общепита, кейтеринга и выездного обслуживания, а также домашнего использования. Алюминиевые одноразовые формы подходят абсолютно для любой задачи, даже для гриля или приготовления на открытом огне. Такая упаковка вызывает больше доверия к качеству самого продукта, который в ней содержится. Воспользоваться таким выбором, значит сделать свою витрину более аккуратной и «аппетитной». К тому же, так сохранить свежесть пищевых продуктов, как алюминиевые формы, не сможет никакой полимерный материал.
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26cfe3f6-0505-4f6f-839f-998122f965ef | https://bip.um.pabianice.pl/contentsversions/89/20969 | bip.um.pabianice.pl | 2026-02-06T19:59:32Z | <urn:uuid:26cfe3f6-0505-4f6f-839f-998122f965ef> | <urn:uuid:3702bd21-71b9-42c4-9ab6-331844d4bf7a> | 32,839 | 932 | # Rejestr zmian treści artykułu: Radni Rady Miejskiej IX kadencji
| Data aktualizacji | Zaktualizował | Podgląd treści | Porównaj |
| --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 26.06.2024 12:23 | Dariusz Szymański | Pokaż podgląd wersji z dnia 26.06.2024 12:23 | Zaznacz wersję do porównania z dnia 26.06.2024 12:23 |
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| Data publikacji | Opublikował | Podgląd treści | Porównaj |
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| | | | Porównaj | |
b55e6174-60ce-4f88-ac56-823367626510 | https://bip4.wokiss.pl/chodziezp/bip/jednostki-organizacyjne-samorzadu-terytorialnego/zespol-szkol-im.-jozefa-wybickiego-w-ratajach.html | bip4.wokiss.pl | 2026-02-06T18:37:43Z | <urn:uuid:b55e6174-60ce-4f88-ac56-823367626510> | <urn:uuid:69d0660a-e46d-45a1-8cdd-32437744ef32> | 18,398 | 864 | 
## Powiat chodzieski
www.powiat-chodzieski.pl
Jesteś tutaj:
# Zespół Szkół im. Józefa Wybickiego w Ratajach
- [O jednostce](bip/jednostki-organizacyjne-samorzadu-terytorialnego/zespol-szkol-im.-jozefa-wybickiego-w-ratajach/nazwia-i-dane-adresowe.html)
- [Ogłoszenia](bip/jednostki-organizacyjne-samorzadu-terytorialnego/zespol-szkol-im.-jozefa-wybickiego-w-ratajach/ogloszenia4.html)
- [Finanse](bip/jednostki-organizacyjne-samorzadu-terytorialnego/zespol-szkol-im.-jozefa-wybickiego-w-ratajach/finanse2.html)
Liczba odsłon: 3121832
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Projekt i realizacja: WOKISS |
c99d2987-c9cc-4208-b131-bd294d3888b1 | https://bip.ru/osago/vsk/offices/802 | bip.ru | 2026-02-06T20:02:18Z | <urn:uuid:c99d2987-c9cc-4208-b131-bd294d3888b1> | <urn:uuid:aa8b3f67-5bd1-40d6-b9d3-5f61d871c3cd> | 104,841 | 2,009 | # ВСК Региональный офис САО «ВСК» в г. Хабаровске, г. Хабаровск, ул. Ленина, д. 57
Тип офиса:
Главный офис
Офис продаж
Офис урегулирования убытков
Контакты:
[+7 (4212) 46-11-41](tel:+74212461141)
Адрес:
г. Хабаровск, ул. Ленина, д. 57
Время работы:
пн.-чт. с 9.00 до 18.00, пт. с 9.00 до 16.45, сб.-вс. - выходной
[Посмотреть все офисы компании](/osago/vsk/offices)
## О компании ВСК
«Страховой Дом ВСК» 31 год на рынке страховых услуг России. У компании более 500 представительств по всей стране. В 2022 году более 3,5 млн человек оформили ОСАГО в ВСК.
Надежность и финансовая устойчивость компании подтверждены оценками ведущих рейтинговых агентств: «Эксперт РА» присвоило ей «ruAA», АКРА — рейтинг АА(RU).
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## Оформить полис ОСАГО на автомобиль в ВСК
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4c3827f1-1edb-4cbc-b565-7dbe8494e572 | https://birchhilldevelopments.co.uk/author/admin/ | birchhilldevelopments.co.uk | 2026-02-06T20:06:20Z | <urn:uuid:4c3827f1-1edb-4cbc-b565-7dbe8494e572> | <urn:uuid:42132d80-98f0-445d-b070-8ee1fbc56ae1> | 11,729 | 51 | Please wait while your request is being verified... |
8dea62e1-fe88-4123-be5b-c46129d2ef8f | https://biparcours.de/parcours?game_type=s&thema=sport&age=3&language=Koreanisch,Lettisch,Russisch | biparcours.de | 2026-02-06T18:48:33Z | <urn:uuid:8dea62e1-fe88-4123-be5b-c46129d2ef8f> | <urn:uuid:ff65df8d-7e4f-4869-889f-314c1de08b7e> | 23,197 | 116 | #
Öffentliche Parcours
Auf dieser Karte werden alle öffentlichen Parcours angezeigt, die einen Startpunkt haben |
a03d42ed-0a8e-4b47-8657-61fab2a8f588 | https://birgejupmi.eu/kl-gl/events/birgejupmi-through-art-part-3-guovdageaidnu/ | birgejupmi.eu | 2026-02-06T18:53:12Z | <urn:uuid:a03d42ed-0a8e-4b47-8657-61fab2a8f588> | <urn:uuid:8428dad3-7bc6-4361-a376-cfba92dcf968> | 52,037 | 1,033 | # Birgejupmi Through Art Part 3: Guovdageaidnu
Third part of Birgejupmi Through Art seminar series will be held in Guovdageaidnu in April 2026.
Ivinguak Stork Høegh and Kine Yvonne Kjær - presenting the graphic elements for Birgejupmi Through Art. Photo: Carl-Johan Utsi / Dáiddadállu
## When & Where
**Date:** 07.04.2026 - 10.04.2026
**Where:** Guovdageaidnu
Published: 18.12.2025
## Birgejupmi Through Art
Birgejupmi Through Art is a seminar series organised by Dáiddadállu. The third and final part of the seminar series will take part in Guovdageaidnu in April 2026. The first part was held in London and the second in Nuuk. The seminar in Guovdageaidnu will have exhibitions, workshops and artist collaborations, which are connected to the seminar where art institutions, museums, and other cultural institutions will attend. |
d0f58e05-0b59-480c-95ba-6d42b2555940 | https://birdsandwetlands.com/wetlands-in-virginia/ | birdsandwetlands.com | 2026-02-06T19:23:32Z | <urn:uuid:d0f58e05-0b59-480c-95ba-6d42b2555940> | <urn:uuid:9f171547-48a2-4e4e-b091-882fb7e43a1a> | 171,824 | 14,020 | # Wetlands In Virginia
Author:
Jim
Published:
August 12, 2023
Affiliate Disclaimer
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If you’re curious about the wetlands in Virginia, we’ve got just the thing for you! “Wetlands In Virginia” is a comprehensive listicle packed with all the information you need to know about these fascinating ecosystems. From the unique plants and wildlife that call the wetlands home to their locations throughout the state, this article will give you a closer look at the wetlands in Virginia. So, whether you’re an avid nature enthusiast or simply looking to learn something new, “Wetlands In Virginia” is the perfect resource to satisfy your curiosity.
Virginia’s diverse range of wetlands, from coastal tidal marshes to freshwater wetlands in the mountains, plays a crucial role in supporting unique ecosystems, filtering water, and offering recreational opportunities. Here’s a table detailing some of the top wetlands in Virginia:
| Wetland Name | Location (Town/City or Region) | Wetland Type |
| --- | --- | --- |
| Great Dismal Swamp National Wildlife Refuge | Suffolk | Swamp, marshes |
| Back Bay National Wildlife Refuge | Virginia Beach | Marshes, barrier islands |
| Chincoteague National Wildlife Refuge | Chincoteague Island | Salt marshes, dunes |
| Mason Neck National Wildlife Refuge | Lorton | Freshwater marshes, bay estuaries |
| James River National Wildlife Refuge | Prince George County | Freshwater tidal marsh |
| Rappahannock River Valley National Wildlife Refuge | Warsaw | Wetlands, marshes |
| Eastern Shore of Virginia National Wildlife Refuge | Cape Charles | Marshes, coastal dunes |
| Hog Island Wildlife Management Area | Surry County | Tidal marshes, swamps |
| Presquile National Wildlife Refuge | Chester | Freshwater tidal marsh |
| Plum Tree Island National Wildlife Refuge | Poquoson | Tidal salt marshes |
| Bethel Beach Natural Area Preserve | Mathews County | Coastal marshes, sand beaches |
| False Cape State Park | Virginia Beach | Salt marshes, maritime forests |
| Savage Neck Dunes Natural Area Preserve | Eastville | Coastal dunes, marshes |
| Dragon Run State Forest | Saluda | Swamps, marshes |
| Dameron Marsh Natural Area Preserve | Heathsville | Tidal marshes, coastal beach |
| Bush Mill Stream Natural Area Preserve | Heathsville | Freshwater tidal marsh |
| Grafton Ponds Natural Area Preserve | Yorktown | Freshwater marshes, vernal pools |
| Buffalo Mountain Natural Area Preserve | Floyd County | High elevation wetlands |
| Crow’s Nest Natural Area Preserve | Stafford | Tidal marshes, wetlands |
| Belle Isle State Park | Lancaster | Wetlands, tidal marshes |
| Antioch Pines Natural Area Preserve | Isle of Wight County | Wetlands, bogs |
| Pocahontas State Park | Chesterfield County | Freshwater marshes, lakes |
| New Point Comfort Natural Area Preserve | Mathews County | Coastal marshes, estuaries |
| Dutch Gap Conservation Area | Chester | Tidal lagoons, freshwater marshes |
| Big Woods Wildlife Management Area | Sussex County | Wetlands, swamps |
Virginia’s wetlands provide vital habitats for numerous bird species, including migratory birds. They also serve as important buffers against storm surges and are popular spots for bird-watching, fishing, and other recreational activities. The wetland types provided are general categorizations and may not capture the full complexity of each wetland’s specific ecosystem.
## Eastern Shore
### Chincoteague National Wildlife Refuge
Situated on Assateague Island, the Chincoteague National Wildlife Refuge is a haven for wetland enthusiasts. With its diverse array of habitats, including marshes, dunes, and forests, it provides a haven for migratory birds, horseshoe crabs, and the famous Chincoteague ponies. Visitors can explore the refuge via hiking trails, observe wildlife from observation platforms, or take a leisurely bike ride along the scenic Wildlife Loop.
### Assateague Island National Seashore
Adjacent to Chincoteague National Wildlife Refuge, Assateague Island National Seashore offers another incredible wetland experience. The salt marshes and tidal waters here are vital for shorebirds, waterfowl, and sea turtles. Visitors can enjoy camping, fishing, and beachcombing, or go kayaking and canoeing to immerse themselves in the stunning natural beauty of this barrier island.
### Magothy Bay Natural Area Preserve
Located in Northampton County, Magothy Bay Natural Area Preserve showcases the stunning beauty of coastal wetlands. With its extensive tidal marshes and distinctive plant communities, it serves as an important nesting and feeding ground for a wide variety of bird species. Visitors can explore the preserve’s trails, go birdwatching, or simply unwind at one of the scenic overlooks.
## Northern Virginia
### Occoquan Bay National Wildlife Refuge
Nestled along the Potomac River, Occoquan Bay National Wildlife Refuge offers a serene escape into wetland wonders. The expansive freshwater marshes and forests are home to a plethora of migratory birds, including bald eagles and ospreys. Hiking trails provide ample opportunities for wildlife observation, and the refuge also offers guided canoe and kayak tours for a unique perspective on its magnificent wetlands.
### Huntley Meadows Park
Situated in Fairfax County, Huntley Meadows Park is one of the largest freshwater wetland areas in Northern Virginia. Its diverse habitats, including marshes, streams, and ponds, support a wide variety of wildlife, such as beavers, herons, and turtles. Visitors can explore the park’s boardwalks, attend nature programs, or participate in birdwatching events organized by the Friends of Huntley Meadows.
### The Nature Conservancy’s Shenandoah Wetlands
The Nature Conservancy’s Shenandoah Wetlands project is dedicated to protecting and restoring wetland habitats in the Shenandoah Valley. By conserving wetlands and associated upland forests, they aim to protect water quality, enhance flood control, and provide habitat for a range of plant and animal species. The project offers volunteer opportunities, educational programs, and guided walks to engage and educate the public about the importance of wetlands.
## Central and Piedmont Regions
### Great Dismal Swamp National Wildlife Refuge
Encompassing over 112,000 acres, the Great Dismal Swamp National Wildlife Refuge is a true wetland gem. Its picturesque landscapes, comprised of swamps, marshes, and forests, create a haven for numerous bird species, black bears, bobcats, and river otters. Visitors can embark on guided boat tours, hike the refuge’s trails, or simply bask in the awe-inspiring beauty of this natural wonder.
### Back Bay National Wildlife Refuge
Located along the Atlantic Coast, Back Bay National Wildlife Refuge is a paradise for waterfowl, shorebirds, and songbirds. The refuge consists of an extensive brackish marsh, freshwater ponds, and sandy dunes. Visitors can take advantage of the refuge’s fishing opportunities, hike its trails, or simply relax on the pristine beaches.
### George Washington and Jefferson National Forests
Within the vast expanse of the George Washington and Jefferson National Forests lie numerous wetland areas. From mountain bogs to high elevation swamps, these forests harbor a wide range of unique wetland ecosystems. Exploring the forest’s trails, camping amidst the towering trees, or embarking on a self-guided wetland tour provides an immersive experience into the beauty of Virginia’s upland wetlands.
## Southern Virginia
### North Carolina – Virginia Border Lakes
The North Carolina-Virginia border lakes, including Lake Gaston, Kerr Lake, and Lake Anna, offer a wealth of wetland wonders. These reservoirs and adjacent wetlands support diverse bird populations, including waterfowl and bald eagles. Boating, fishing, and picnicking are popular activities in these stunning lakeside havens.
### Lake Drummond
Nestled within the Great Dismal Swamp, Lake Drummond is a natural marvel that is renowned for its pristine beauty. This circular freshwater lake, formed centuries ago, is surrounded by lush forests and wetlands. Exploring the lake by canoe or kayak is a popular adventure, allowing visitors to witness the tranquility of the wetland ecosystem and catch glimpses of the diverse wildlife that calls it home.
### Dismal Swamp State Park
Dismal Swamp State Park showcases the exceptional beauty of southern Virginia’s wetlands. With its vast expanse of swamp forests, cypress swamps, and marshes, this park provides habitat for a wide variety of plant and animal species. Visitors can hike or bike the park’s trails, go fishing or boating, or immerse themselves in the captivating nature through educational programs and events.
## Southwestern Virginia
### Iron Mountain Tract – Clinch Mountain Wildlife Management Area
Located within the Clinch Mountain Wildlife Management Area, the Iron Mountain Tract is a wetland paradise. The area encompasses numerous mountain bogs, a unique type of wetland found within the region. These bogs serve as essential habitats for rare plants, including orchids and insect-eating sundews. Exploring the trails in this area offers a chance to witness the breathtaking beauty of these mountain wetlands.
### Little Stoney Falls
Nestled within the Jefferson National Forest, Little Stoney Falls is a hidden gem for those seeking the beauty of mountainous wetlands. The stunning waterfall cascades over moss-covered rocks, surrounded by lush vegetation and wetland habitats. Hiking along the scenic trails surrounding the falls provides an opportunity to immerse oneself in the serenity of these untamed wetlands.
### Little Glade Mill Pond
Situated within the Clinch Mountain Wildlife Management Area, Little Glade Mill Pond is a tranquil retreat for nature enthusiasts. The pond, formed from a former mill dam, is encompassed by wetlands and boasts a diverse array of wildlife. Fishing, hiking, and birdwatching are popular activities in this picturesque wetland area.
## Chesapeake Bay Watershed
### James River
Flowing through Virginia before emptying into the Chesapeake Bay, the James River is not only a significant waterway but also a vital wetland habitat. The river’s tidal wetlands serve as important nursery grounds for various fish species and support abundant birdlife. Kayaking or canoeing along the river offers a chance to witness the majesty of this iconic waterway and its associated wetlands.
### York River
The York River, another major tributary of the Chesapeake Bay, showcases a variety of wetland habitats along its banks. From tidal marshes and swamps to sandy beaches, these wetlands provide critical habitat for nesting birds, fish, and shellfish. Exploring the river by boat or hiking the nearby trails provides a unique perspective on this remarkable ecosystem.
### Rappahannock River
The Rappahannock River, known for its picturesque landscapes, also hosts diverse wetland habitats. These wetlands, including tidal marshes and swamps, offer important breeding and feeding grounds for various fish species, birds, and reptiles. Canoeing or kayaking along the meandering river allows visitors to connect with these wetlands and appreciate their ecological importance.
## Coastal Areas
### Virginia Coast Reserve
The Virginia Coast Reserve, spanning over 70 miles, is a network of barrier islands, marshes, and tidal flats that provide essential habitats for migratory birds and endangered species. This pristine coastal wetland offers breathtaking scenery and unparalleled opportunities for birdwatching, hiking, and beachcombing. Exploring the reserve’s trails or observing the unique tidal processes are immersive experiences that showcase the raw beauty of Virginia’s coastal wetlands.
### Eastern Shore of Virginia National Wildlife Refuge
Stretching across 1,400 acres of stunning coastal wetlands, the Eastern Shore of Virginia National Wildlife Refuge is a haven for migratory birds and other wildlife. With its diverse array of habitats, including ponds, marshes, and beaches, the refuge presents an excellent opportunity for birdwatching, wildlife photography, and nature exploration. The refuge offers guided walks, wildlife drives, and observation decks, providing visitors with an up-close and personal encounter with these incredible wetland ecosystems.
### False Cape State Park
Situated at the southern end of the Virginia Beach coastline, False Cape State Park is a hidden gem of coastal wetland beauty. Featuring salt marshes, dunes, and maritime forests, this park is teeming with wildlife, including nesting sea turtles, shorebirds, and colonial waterbirds. Visitors can enjoy hiking, biking, or beachcombing in this remote and awe-inspiring wetland sanctuary.
## Conclusion
As we conclude our exploration of the wetlands in Virginia, it is evident that these habitats are not only diverse but also crucial for maintaining the health and balance of our environment. Virginia’s wetlands provide sanctuary for countless plant and animal species, offer natural flood control measures, and contribute to the overall biodiversity of the state. By appreciating and protecting these wetlands, we can ensure their preservation for future generations to enjoy and benefit from. So, go out and explore the wetlands in Virginia, and immerse yourself in the wonders of these extraordinary ecosystems! |
68132e87-10d9-4523-b19e-5a7cc033a182 | https://bird-x.com/product-tag/birds/ | bird-x.com | 2026-02-06T18:59:58Z | <urn:uuid:68132e87-10d9-4523-b19e-5a7cc033a182> | <urn:uuid:1fcebd03-afc0-47be-9a1d-3f7946d95435> | 230,480 | 21 | [Scroll to top](#top) |
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Если вас действительно интересует ответ на вопрос: “Куда деть старые свитера и рубашки?” предлагаем эти забавные идеи. Смотрите также наши видео – уроки “новая жизнь старых вещей“. Первая идея – необычный венок на Рождество или Новый год, сделанный из клочков старых свитеров, водолазок и прочих красивых, но отживших своё вещей. Вторая идея – это композиции – панно, выполненные из натянутой на кольцевую основу кусков водолазки. Ну а третья – это упаковка для подарка, сделанная из обвёрнутой вокруг коробки с подарком мужской рубашки.
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#### クリスマスネイル
投稿日: 2025-12-21
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a7d02112-570e-446d-b0c7-84f2bd1aedbc | https://bispga.com/cm-punjab-loan-scheme-october-2025-online-registration-eligibility-application-guide/ | bispga.com | 2026-02-06T20:13:11Z | <urn:uuid:a7d02112-570e-446d-b0c7-84f2bd1aedbc> | <urn:uuid:e507e383-56b5-4e8c-a7c4-63f58fdd7613> | 115,150 | 7,834 | 
In October 2025, the **Government of Punjab**, under the leadership of **Chief Minister Maryam Nawaz**, continues to support the people with the **CM Punjab Loan Scheme**, widely known as the **Asaan Karobar Finance Program**. This scheme is designed to **reduce unemployment, empower youth, promote women entrepreneurs, and strengthen small businesses** by offering affordable financing solutions.
The Punjab Loan Scheme has quickly become one of the most effective tools for **economic revival and poverty reduction**. By providing **interest-free and subsidized loans**, the program ensures that deserving individuals and startups have access to funds that can help them turn their business ideas into reality.
This comprehensive guide will cover:
- **Objectives of the loan scheme**
- **Eligibility requirements**
- **Step-by-step application process**
- **Benefits of the scheme**
- **Required documents**
- **October 2025 updates**
- **Tips to ensure your application is successful**
## What is the CM Punjab Loan Scheme?
The **CM Punjab Loan Scheme** is an initiative that provides **financial assistance in the form of interest-free or low-interest loans** to the citizens of Punjab. It aims to encourage **entrepreneurship, self-employment, and small-scale business growth** in both urban and rural areas.
The program was introduced to:
- **Help jobless youth launch their startups.**
- **Support existing businesses that require expansion.**
- **Empower women to achieve financial independence.**
- **Provide rural farmers with easy access to finance.**
Unlike traditional bank loans that involve heavy interest rates and complex requirements, this scheme is **accessible, transparent, and government-backed**, making it easier for common people to benefit.
## Key Objectives of the Scheme
1. **Promote Entrepreneurship** – Encourage youth to create new business ventures.
2. **Job Creation** – Reduce unemployment by supporting startups that can generate jobs.
3. **Women Empowerment** – Special quotas reserved for women-led businesses.
4. **Support Farmers & Rural Economy** – Provide credit for agriculture and livestock businesses.
5. **Strengthen SMEs** – Ensure long-term growth of small and medium enterprises.
## Eligibility Criteria
Before applying for the CM Punjab Loan Scheme in October 2025, check the eligibility conditions:
- **Must be a citizen of Punjab with a valid CNIC.**
- **Age requirement: 18 to 50 years.**
- **Applicants must have a feasible business idea or existing business.**
#### **Special priority for:**
- **Women entrepreneurs**
- **Farmers and livestock businesses**
- **Skilled youth and diploma holders**
## Loan Categories
The scheme offers financing in **different tiers** to accommodate varying needs:
### 1. Tier 1 – Micro Loan
- **Amount: PKR 100,000 – PKR 1,000,000**
- **Markup: Interest-free**
- **Security: Personal guarantee only**
### 2. Tier 2 – Small Enterprise Loan
- **Amount: PKR 1,000,001 – PKR 10,000,000**
- **Markup: Subsidized interest rate**
- **Security: Property or business collateral required**
### 3. Women-Focused Loans
- **Reserved quotas for women**
- **Simplified requirements**
- **Designed for women-led startups and businesses**
### 4. Agriculture & Livestock Loans
- **Focused on farmers and rural entrepreneurs**
- **Support for crop production, machinery, and livestock projects**
## Benefits of the CM Punjab Loan Scheme
- **Easy access** to finance for youth and small businesses.
- **Interest-free micro loans** with flexible repayment.
- **Women empowerment** through dedicated quotas.
- **Transparent and digital process** – no hidden fees.
- **Supports multiple sectors** – IT, agriculture, retail, services, and manufacturing.
- **Boosts Punjab’s economy** by creating sustainable businesses.
## Required Documents for Application
To apply successfully, you must prepare:
- **Copy of valid CNIC (front and back).**
- **Recent passport-size photographs.**
- **Proof of residence (utility bill, rent agreement, or domicile).**
- **Business plan or feasibility report.**
- **Bank account details.**
- **Collateral documents (if applying for Tier 2).**
## Step-by-Step Guide to Apply
### Step 1 – Visit the Official Portal
Go to the **Punjab Government’s official website** or directly visit the **Asaan Karobar Finance Program portal**.
### Step 2 – Check Eligibility Online
Enter your CNIC number to verify whether you are eligible.
### Step 3 – Complete the Application Form
Provide personal details, business information, required loan amount, and repayment plan.
### Step 4 – Upload Required Documents
Attach scanned copies of CNIC, photos, proof of address, and business documents.
### Step 5 – Submit Application
After filling in details, click submit. You will receive a confirmation SMS or email.
### Step 6 – Verification Process
Authorities will cross-check your information and may call for additional verification.
### Step 7 – Loan Approval & Disbursement
If approved, the loan amount will be credited directly to your bank account.
## Tips for a Successful Application
- **Make your business plan simple yet realistic.**
- **Highlight how your business will create jobs and impact the economy.**
- **Keep your documents updated and clear.**
- **Apply early to avoid delays in October 2025.**
- **If you are a woman entrepreneur, emphasize the social value of your project.**
## Latest Updates – October 2025
- **Registrations are open throughout October.**
- **Additional funds allocated for agriculture and IT startups.**
- **Women-led businesses will be prioritized this month.**
- **Digital verification system launched for faster approvals.**
- **Government is expanding loan coverage to remote districts of Punjab.**
## Frequently Asked Questions (FAQs)
**1. Who can apply for the CM Punjab Loan Scheme?**
Any resident of Punjab aged 18–50 with a valid CNIC and a feasible business plan.
**2. Is the loan interest-free?**
Yes, Tier 1 loans are completely interest-free. Larger loans may have subsidized markup.
**3. How long does loan approval take?**
Typically, 30–45 days after document verification.
**4. Can women apply separately?**
Yes, women have dedicated quotas with easier requirements.
**5. What if I don’t have collateral?**
Apply for Tier 1 micro loans which only require personal guarantees.
## SEO Keywords Integrated
CM Punjab Loan Scheme October 2025, Punjab government business loans, Maryam Nawaz loan program, Punjab Asaan Karobar Finance, online registration CM Punjab loan scheme, Punjab youth entrepreneurship loans, Punjab women business loans, Punjab SME finance scheme.
## Conclusion
The **CM Punjab Loan Scheme October 2025** is a life-changing opportunity for anyone in Punjab who wants to start or grow their business. With its **straightforward application process, interest-free loans, and government backing**, it offers financial security and encouragement to entrepreneurs, farmers, and women.
If you are ready to transform your ideas into a successful business, this is the perfect time to **register online and apply**. Take advantage of this scheme and be part of Punjab’s journey toward a stronger economy.
**For More Information, [Click Here](http://bispga.com)**
#### By [admin](https://bispga.com/author/admin/) |
232d6567-5817-4996-b6cd-af1285700697 | https://bitwiggers.com/presets/?creator=SenPiMusic | bitwiggers.com | 2026-02-06T20:06:47Z | <urn:uuid:232d6567-5817-4996-b6cd-af1285700697> | <urn:uuid:6686670a-a353-4e93-bc56-8491e7ea9b81> | 75,993 | 30 | # Bitwig Presets by SenPiMusic |
9ea41052-1342-4528-b6a5-18d36cc62cb6 | https://bitcoin-s.org/api/org/bitcoins/core/protocol/transaction/TransactionOutPoint$.html | bitcoin-s.org | 2026-02-06T20:13:52Z | <urn:uuid:9ea41052-1342-4528-b6a5-18d36cc62cb6> | <urn:uuid:e885082b-642e-4fcf-96db-8cf3d9d0041d> | 66,662 | 11,498 | #### object TransactionOutPoint extends [Factory](../../../crypto/Factory.html)[[TransactionOutPoint](TransactionOutPoint.html)] with [StringFactory](../../../crypto/StringFactory.html)[[TransactionOutPoint](TransactionOutPoint.html)] with [Serializable](https://docs.oracle.com/javase/8/docs/api/java/io/Serializable.html#java.io.Serializable)
****
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Inherited
1. TransactionOutPoint
2. Serializable
3. StringFactory
4. Factory
5. AnyRef
6. Any
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2. Protected
### Value Members
1. [](../../../../../org/bitcoins/core/protocol/transaction/TransactionOutPoint$.html#!=(x$1:Any):Boolean) final def !=(arg0: [Any](https://www.scala-lang.org/api/2.13.18/scala/Any.html#scala.Any)): [Boolean](https://www.scala-lang.org/api/2.13.18/scala/Boolean.html#scala.Boolean)
2. [](../../../../../org/bitcoins/core/protocol/transaction/TransactionOutPoint$.html###:Int) final def ##: [Int](https://www.scala-lang.org/api/2.13.18/scala/Int.html#scala.Int)
3. [](../../../../../org/bitcoins/core/protocol/transaction/TransactionOutPoint$.html#==(x$1:Any):Boolean) final def ==(arg0: [Any](https://www.scala-lang.org/api/2.13.18/scala/Any.html#scala.Any)): [Boolean](https://www.scala-lang.org/api/2.13.18/scala/Boolean.html#scala.Boolean)
4. [](../../../../../org/bitcoins/core/protocol/transaction/TransactionOutPoint$.html#apply(txId:org.bitcoins.crypto.DoubleSha256DigestBE,vout:Long):org.bitcoins.core.protocol.transaction.TransactionOutPoint) def apply(txId: [DoubleSha256DigestBE](../../../crypto/DoubleSha256DigestBE.html), vout: [Long](https://www.scala-lang.org/api/2.13.18/scala/Long.html#scala.Long)): [TransactionOutPoint](TransactionOutPoint.html)
5. [](../../../../../org/bitcoins/core/protocol/transaction/TransactionOutPoint$.html#apply(txId:org.bitcoins.crypto.DoubleSha256DigestBE,vout:org.bitcoins.core.number.UInt32):org.bitcoins.core.protocol.transaction.TransactionOutPoint) def apply(txId: [DoubleSha256DigestBE](../../../crypto/DoubleSha256DigestBE.html), vout: [UInt32](../../number/UInt32.html)): [TransactionOutPoint](TransactionOutPoint.html)
txId
The transaction id for the crediting transaction for this input
vout
The output index in the parent transaction for the output we are spending
6. [](../../../../../org/bitcoins/core/protocol/transaction/TransactionOutPoint$.html#apply(hex:String):T) def apply(hex: String): [TransactionOutPoint](TransactionOutPoint.html)
Creates a T from a hex string.
7. [](../../../../../org/bitcoins/core/protocol/transaction/TransactionOutPoint$.html#apply(bytes:scodec.bits.ByteVector):T) def apply(bytes: [ByteVector](https://javadoc.io/doc/org.scodec/scodec-bits_2.13/1.2.4/scodec/bits/ByteVector.html#scodec.bits.ByteVector)): [TransactionOutPoint](TransactionOutPoint.html)
Creates a T out of a sequence of bytes.
8. [](../../../../../org/bitcoins/core/protocol/transaction/TransactionOutPoint$.html#asInstanceOf[T0]:T0) final def asInstanceOf[T0]: T0
9. [](../../../../../org/bitcoins/core/protocol/transaction/TransactionOutPoint$.html#clone():Object) def clone(): [AnyRef](../../../../../scala/index.html#AnyRef=Object)
10. [](../../../../../org/bitcoins/core/protocol/transaction/TransactionOutPoint$.html#eq(x$1:AnyRef):Boolean) final def eq(arg0: [AnyRef](../../../../../scala/index.html#AnyRef=Object)): [Boolean](https://www.scala-lang.org/api/2.13.18/scala/Boolean.html#scala.Boolean)
11. [](../../../../../org/bitcoins/core/protocol/transaction/TransactionOutPoint$.html#equals(x$1:Object):Boolean) def equals(arg0: [AnyRef](../../../../../scala/index.html#AnyRef=Object)): [Boolean](https://www.scala-lang.org/api/2.13.18/scala/Boolean.html#scala.Boolean)
12. [](../../../../../org/bitcoins/core/protocol/transaction/TransactionOutPoint$.html#finalize():Unit) def finalize(): [Unit](https://www.scala-lang.org/api/2.13.18/scala/Unit.html#scala.Unit)
13. [](../../../../../org/bitcoins/core/protocol/transaction/TransactionOutPoint$.html#fromBytes(bytes:scodec.bits.ByteVector):org.bitcoins.core.protocol.transaction.TransactionOutPoint) def fromBytes(bytes: [ByteVector](https://javadoc.io/doc/org.scodec/scodec-bits_2.13/1.2.4/scodec/bits/ByteVector.html#scodec.bits.ByteVector)): [TransactionOutPoint](TransactionOutPoint.html)
Creates a T out of a sequence of bytes.
14. [](../../../../../org/bitcoins/core/protocol/transaction/TransactionOutPoint$.html#fromBytesLE(bytes:scodec.bits.ByteVector):T) def fromBytesLE(bytes: [ByteVector](https://javadoc.io/doc/org.scodec/scodec-bits_2.13/1.2.4/scodec/bits/ByteVector.html#scodec.bits.ByteVector)): [TransactionOutPoint](TransactionOutPoint.html)
Creates a T out of a sequence of bytes in little endian.
15. [](../../../../../org/bitcoins/core/protocol/transaction/TransactionOutPoint$.html#fromBytesOpt(bytes:scodec.bits.ByteVector):Option[T]) def fromBytesOpt(bytes: [ByteVector](https://javadoc.io/doc/org.scodec/scodec-bits_2.13/1.2.4/scodec/bits/ByteVector.html#scodec.bits.ByteVector)): [Option](https://www.scala-lang.org/api/2.13.18/scala/Option.html#scala.Option)[[TransactionOutPoint](TransactionOutPoint.html)]
Deserializes the given ByteVector to a T If the ByteVector is not correct, None is returned
16. [](../../../../../org/bitcoins/core/protocol/transaction/TransactionOutPoint$.html#fromBytesT(bytes:scodec.bits.ByteVector):scala.util.Try[T]) def fromBytesT(bytes: [ByteVector](https://javadoc.io/doc/org.scodec/scodec-bits_2.13/1.2.4/scodec/bits/ByteVector.html#scodec.bits.ByteVector)): [Try](https://www.scala-lang.org/api/2.13.18/scala/util/Try.html#scala.util.Try)[[TransactionOutPoint](TransactionOutPoint.html)]
Deserializes the given ByteVector string if the ByteVector is not correct, we give you a Failure
17. [](../../../../../org/bitcoins/core/protocol/transaction/TransactionOutPoint$.html#fromHex(hex:String):T) def fromHex(hex: String): [TransactionOutPoint](TransactionOutPoint.html)
Creates a T out of a hex string.
18. [](../../../../../org/bitcoins/core/protocol/transaction/TransactionOutPoint$.html#fromHexLE(hex:String):T) def fromHexLE(hex: String): [TransactionOutPoint](TransactionOutPoint.html)
Creates a T out of a hex string in little endian.
19. [](../../../../../org/bitcoins/core/protocol/transaction/TransactionOutPoint$.html#fromHexOpt(hex:String):Option[T]) def fromHexOpt(hex: String): [Option](https://www.scala-lang.org/api/2.13.18/scala/Option.html#scala.Option)[[TransactionOutPoint](TransactionOutPoint.html)]
Deserializes the given hex string to a T If the hex is not correct, None is returned
20. [](../../../../../org/bitcoins/core/protocol/transaction/TransactionOutPoint$.html#fromHexT(hex:String):scala.util.Try[T]) def fromHexT(hex: String): [Try](https://www.scala-lang.org/api/2.13.18/scala/util/Try.html#scala.util.Try)[[TransactionOutPoint](TransactionOutPoint.html)]
Deserializes the given hex string if the hex is not correct, we give you a Failure
21. [](../../../../../org/bitcoins/core/protocol/transaction/TransactionOutPoint$.html#fromString(string:String):org.bitcoins.core.protocol.transaction.TransactionOutPoint) def fromString(string: String): [TransactionOutPoint](TransactionOutPoint.html)
Tries to parse a string to type t, throws an exception if fails
22. [](../../../../../org/bitcoins/core/protocol/transaction/TransactionOutPoint$.html#fromStringOpt(string:String):Option[T]) def fromStringOpt(string: String): [Option](https://www.scala-lang.org/api/2.13.18/scala/Option.html#scala.Option)[[TransactionOutPoint](TransactionOutPoint.html)]
Treis to parse a string to type t, returns None if failure
23. [](../../../../../org/bitcoins/core/protocol/transaction/TransactionOutPoint$.html#fromStringT(string:String):scala.util.Try[T]) def fromStringT(string: String): [Try](https://www.scala-lang.org/api/2.13.18/scala/util/Try.html#scala.util.Try)[[TransactionOutPoint](TransactionOutPoint.html)]
24. [](../../../../../org/bitcoins/core/protocol/transaction/TransactionOutPoint$.html#getClass():Class[_]) final def getClass(): [Class](https://docs.oracle.com/javase/8/docs/api/java/lang/Class.html#java.lang.Class)[_ <: [AnyRef](../../../../../scala/index.html#AnyRef=Object)]
25. [](../../../../../org/bitcoins/core/protocol/transaction/TransactionOutPoint$.html#hashCode():Int) def hashCode(): [Int](https://www.scala-lang.org/api/2.13.18/scala/Int.html#scala.Int)
26. [](../../../../../org/bitcoins/core/protocol/transaction/TransactionOutPoint$.html#isInstanceOf[T0]:Boolean) final def isInstanceOf[T0]: [Boolean](https://www.scala-lang.org/api/2.13.18/scala/Boolean.html#scala.Boolean)
27. [](../../../../../org/bitcoins/core/protocol/transaction/TransactionOutPoint$.html#ne(x$1:AnyRef):Boolean) final def ne(arg0: [AnyRef](../../../../../scala/index.html#AnyRef=Object)): [Boolean](https://www.scala-lang.org/api/2.13.18/scala/Boolean.html#scala.Boolean)
28. [](../../../../../org/bitcoins/core/protocol/transaction/TransactionOutPoint$.html#notify():Unit) final def notify(): [Unit](https://www.scala-lang.org/api/2.13.18/scala/Unit.html#scala.Unit)
29. [](../../../../../org/bitcoins/core/protocol/transaction/TransactionOutPoint$.html#notifyAll():Unit) final def notifyAll(): [Unit](https://www.scala-lang.org/api/2.13.18/scala/Unit.html#scala.Unit)
30. [](../../../../../org/bitcoins/core/protocol/transaction/TransactionOutPoint$.html#self:org.bitcoins.crypto.Factory[T]) implicit def self: [Factory](../../../crypto/Factory.html)[[TransactionOutPoint](TransactionOutPoint.html)]
Allows a `def foo[C: Factory]()` construction.
31. [](../../../../../org/bitcoins/core/protocol/transaction/TransactionOutPoint$.html#synchronized[T0](x$1:=>T0):T0) final def synchronized[T0](arg0: => T0): T0
32. [](../../../../../org/bitcoins/core/protocol/transaction/TransactionOutPoint$.html#toString():String) def toString(): [String](https://docs.oracle.com/javase/8/docs/api/java/lang/String.html#java.lang.String)
33. [](../../../../../org/bitcoins/core/protocol/transaction/TransactionOutPoint$.html#wait():Unit) final def wait(): [Unit](https://www.scala-lang.org/api/2.13.18/scala/Unit.html#scala.Unit)
34. [](../../../../../org/bitcoins/core/protocol/transaction/TransactionOutPoint$.html#wait(x$1:Long,x$2:Int):Unit) final def wait(arg0: [Long](https://www.scala-lang.org/api/2.13.18/scala/Long.html#scala.Long), arg1: [Int](https://www.scala-lang.org/api/2.13.18/scala/Int.html#scala.Int)): [Unit](https://www.scala-lang.org/api/2.13.18/scala/Unit.html#scala.Unit)
35. [](../../../../../org/bitcoins/core/protocol/transaction/TransactionOutPoint$.html#wait(x$1:Long):Unit) final def wait(arg0: [Long](https://www.scala-lang.org/api/2.13.18/scala/Long.html#scala.Long)): [Unit](https://www.scala-lang.org/api/2.13.18/scala/Unit.html#scala.Unit)
### Inherited from [Serializable](https://docs.oracle.com/javase/8/docs/api/java/io/Serializable.html#java.io.Serializable)
### Inherited from [StringFactory](../../../crypto/StringFactory.html)[[TransactionOutPoint](TransactionOutPoint.html)]
### Inherited from [Factory](../../../crypto/Factory.html)[[TransactionOutPoint](TransactionOutPoint.html)]
### Inherited from [AnyRef](../../../../../scala/index.html#AnyRef=Object)
### Inherited from [Any](https://www.scala-lang.org/api/2.13.18/scala/Any.html#scala.Any)
### Ungrouped |
7c2fc6e0-a8f0-4dba-b779-0cd306786032 | https://biyou.waiwai-karada-lob.com/%E3%80%90%E7%94%A3%E5%BE%8C%E9%AA%A8%E7%9B%A4%E7%9F%AF%E6%AD%A3%E3%80%91%E3%80%9020%E4%BB%A3-%E5%AE%87%E4%BD%90%E5%B8%82%E3%80%91%E3%81%AE%E3%81%8A%E5%96%9C%E3%81%B3%E3%81%AE%E5%A3%B0/ | biyou.waiwai-karada-lob.com | 2026-02-06T20:15:43Z | <urn:uuid:7c2fc6e0-a8f0-4dba-b779-0cd306786032> | <urn:uuid:9bb1c2d2-50c9-4530-91c8-1ec86bc5eb3d> | 59,574 | 4,547 | **Warning**: Undefined array key 1 in **/home/waiwaihp/waiwai-karada-lob.com/public_html/biyou.waiwai-karada-lob.com/wp-includes/class-wp-query.php** on line **3742**
### 【産後骨盤矯正】【20代 宇佐市】の方の実際の声
先日、【**20代 宇佐市**】【**産後骨盤矯正**】の方が来院されました。
実際妊娠して何キロも体重も増え、服も着れなくなったという方が多いです。
私も妊娠して18キロ増えました。
勿論、お気に入りの服も着れず、何を着ても似合わない！
と自信もなくなってしまいました。
**産後骨盤矯正**で通いました。
ウエスト－10㎝、骨盤－8㎝
しまりました！！
はけなかったデニムもはけるようになって
自信が持てるようになりました。
本当に通ってよかったです！！
妊娠前に着ていた服が着れなくなり、自信もなくしがちな産後。
でも、しっかり**産後骨盤矯正**をする事で、見た目も変わり
自信も取り戻せます。
[産後の方はこちらから](https://biyou.waiwai-karada-lob.com/sango/)
### なぜ結果が出るの？
当院の、**産後骨盤矯正**はなぜ結果が出るの？
よく聞かれます。
どんな風に**産後骨盤矯正**をしているのか？
大事なのは、実際に今どれ位骨盤が開いているのか？
そこを確認してから施術を行っていくので、
数字でも締まっていくのが分かります。
今回の、【**20代 宇佐市**】【**産後骨盤矯正**】でご来院の方も
ウエスト－10㎝、骨盤－8㎝と
骨盤の締まりまで分かります！！
自分が今どれくらい骨盤が開いているのか？
[詳しく知りたい方はこちらから](https://biyou.waiwai-karada-lob.com/sango/)
---
### この記事をシェアする
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【マスクからの解放！】からの口元の不安～実際の声～](https://biyou.waiwai-karada-lob.com/%e3%80%90%e3%83%9e%e3%82%b9%e3%82%af%e3%81%8b%e3%82%89%e3%81%ae%e8%a7%a3%e6%94%be%ef%bc%81%e3%80%91%e3%81%8b%e3%82%89%e3%81%ae%e5%8f%a3%e5%85%83%e3%81%ae%e4%b8%8d%e5%ae%89%ef%bd%9e%e5%ae%9f%e9%9a%9b/)
** [前の記事へ](https://biyou.waiwai-karada-lob.com/%e3%80%90%e5%b9%b4%e9%bd%a2%e3%81%ab%e8%b2%a0%e3%81%91%e3%81%aa%e3%81%84%e3%80%91%e6%95%b4%e5%bd%a2%e4%b8%a6%e3%81%bf%e3%81%ae%e5%b0%8f%e9%a1%94%e3%82%92%e5%88%87%e3%82%89%e3%81%9a%e3%81%ab%e6%89%8b/)
[次の記事へ](https://biyou.waiwai-karada-lob.com/%e3%80%9020%e4%bb%a3-%e4%b8%ad%e6%b4%a5%e5%b8%82%e3%80%91%e3%80%90%e3%83%8f%e3%82%a4%e3%83%95%e3%80%91%e3%82%92%e5%8f%97%e3%81%91%e3%81%9f%e6%96%b9%e3%81%ae%e3%81%8a%e5%96%9c%e3%81%b3%e3%81%ae/) ** |
4127a834-d8ba-49ce-a1b1-8b2d3721100c | https://biwenav-hsk.de/weg/start/fachoberschulreife-for/ausbildung/ich-weiss-noch-nicht-was-ich-will/interessen-checken/ | biwenav-hsk.de | 2026-02-06T18:42:42Z | <urn:uuid:4127a834-d8ba-49ce-a1b1-8b2d3721100c> | <urn:uuid:7349e20b-fdf7-44bc-ae8e-5567f6763b8d> | 128,058 | 731 | STARTE DEINE ROUTE & ERFASSE DEIN ZIEL
Mit diesem Test findest du heraus, was dich interessiert!
Das Erkundungstool Check-U ist einfach und selbsterklärend aufgebaut. Hier musst du zwar etwas mehr Zeit mitbringen, aber dafür bekommst du auch ein sehr genaues, ausführliches Ergebnis! Mit verschiedenen Fragen und Aufgaben testest du dich und erhältst Ergebnisse mit individuell zu dir passenden Ausbildungsberufen und Studienfeldern.
[WEITER »](https://www.arbeitsagentur.de/bildung/welche-ausbildung-welches-studium-passt)
**** |
0ae71a93-0af7-464f-a6ed-4822ed492fe3 | https://biz.prlog.org/ValleyRadiology/ | biz.prlog.org | 2026-02-06T18:35:50Z | <urn:uuid:0ae71a93-0af7-464f-a6ed-4822ed492fe3> | <urn:uuid:0bb819e1-669a-43a6-8ff7-49e19f8f3419> | 11,217 | 1,377 | 
# Valley Radiology
- About
- [Newsroom](https://pressroom.prlog.org/ValleyRadiology/)
- [Contact](/ValleyRadiology/contact.html)
| About | | |
| --- | --- | --- |
Valley Radiology has served and supported the San Diego county of healthcare professionals since 1971. Our two locations - in Rancho Bernado/Poway and Escondido - provide easy freeway access, ample, free parking, evening and weekend hours and walk-in availability.
With strong, experienced Radiologists, and sub-specialty trained Lead Technicians, we can offer the full suite of services that a sophisticated community like San Diego expects. Our services include: MRIs - both Open, High Field and Closed; Ultrasound, Mammography, including a Mobile Mammography service; CT/PET imaging including the new addition of a 128-slice Philips Ingenuity; X-rays; DEXA and a variety of Interventional Radiology Services inclusive of Needle Locs, Biopsies, Lumbar Pain Injections.
Led by CEO Dr. Allen Nalbandian, and supported by 5 other Radiologists, Valley Radiologist has the expertise to support most imaging needs.
Valley Radiology has also been serving the needs of the Research and Academic communities thorough our Clinical Trials division. For further details on this service, please contact Ms. Sarah Tholen, stholen@valleyrad.com. |
6b3e474a-f100-4c3e-870a-57186a5bc1d9 | https://biz.legalis.pl/aktualizacja-dokumentacji-dla-kas-wirtualnych/ | biz.legalis.pl | 2026-02-06T20:12:31Z | <urn:uuid:6b3e474a-f100-4c3e-870a-57186a5bc1d9> | <urn:uuid:22e5773b-9396-49d3-acd4-815558afc438> | 56,237 | 1,368 | [Aktualności](https://biz.legalis.pl/kategoria/aktualnosci/)
# Aktualizacja dokumentacji dla kas wirtualnych
19.10.2020
Iwona Czauderna
**Ministerstwo Finansów poinformowało o aktualizacji dokumentacji technicznej przeznaczonej dla producentów kas wirtualnych i zamieściło na stronie internetowej potrzebną dokumentację.**
Ministerstwo Finansów poinformowało, że zaktualizowało dokumentację techniczną przeznaczoną dla producentów kas wirtualnych. Aktualizacja obejmuje:
1. Opis techniczny protokołu komunikacyjnego kasa – Centralne Repozytorium Kas – Specyfikacja komend_v2.0.4
2. Centralne Repozytorium danych o sprzedaży detalicznej. Usługi dodatkowe dla środowiska testowego_1.0.4
3. Centralne Repozytorium Kas – Opis usługi sprawdzającej kod weryfikujący paragonu_v1.0.0
Zaktualizowane dokumenty zawierają informację dotyczące m.in. struktury komend i danych wymienianych pomiędzy urządzeniami fiskalnymi i repozytorium oraz usługi sprawdzenia kodu weryfikującego paragonu wystawionego przez kasę w postaci oprogramowania.
Dokumenty przeznaczone dla producentów kas wirtualnych: opisy techniczne, schemy znajdują się na stronie: **https://www.podatki.gov.pl/vat/kasy-rejestrujace/dokumentacja-kasy-wirtualne/**
* ***
* *
* *
* *
*
*
* *
* *
* * |
6a14eaf8-1dd6-4cd0-8447-a7052b1fa274 | https://bizidex.com/en/brooklyn-beauty-lounge-beauty-salon-185784 | bizidex.com | 2026-02-06T20:26:24Z | <urn:uuid:6a14eaf8-1dd6-4cd0-8447-a7052b1fa274> | <urn:uuid:af35c329-2079-44f8-9ea9-c67bd17eaa83> | 29,201 | 1,634 | 
# Brooklyn Beauty Lounge
**Claimed
[Beauty Salon](/en/search?c=78&country=USA)
## About the Business
Brooklyn beauty lounge features expert hairstylists and colorists, Picasso-like nail artists, cosmetologists, and experienced technicians that know how to elevate your appearance.
## Additional Information
###### Receive Credit Card:
###### No
###### Delivery:
###### No
## Location & Hours
2080 Coney Island Avenue, New York, New York, United States of America, USA
## Business Hours
| Mon | - 08:00 PM |
| --- | --- |
| Tue | - 10:00 PM |
| Wed | - 10:00 PM |
| Thu | - 10:00 PM |
| Fri | - 10:00 PM |
| Sat | - 10:00 PM |
| Sun | - 10:00 PM |
-
## Website
[https://brooklynbeautylounge.com/](https://brooklynbeautylounge.com:443/?utm_source=bizidex&utm_medium=ads)
-
## Drop a Mail
[[email protected]](/cdn-cgi/l/email-protection#4c25222a230c2e3e2323272035222e292d393835202339222b29622f2321)
-
## Call Us
[718 419 3232](tel:718 419 3232)
-
## Address
2080 Coney Island Avenue, New York, New York, United States of America, USA
## Related Listing
[BiZiDEX Singapore - Online Advertising Services12 Marina Boulevard, Singapore](/en/singapore-)
[Le Angelique Hairdressing Tools Accessories Los Angeles Californaia13133 Saticoy Street, USA](/en/leangelique)
[Adam Katz Realtor15101 W Sunset Blvd, USA](/en/AdamKatz)
[BiZiDEX International - Online Advertising ServicesRue du Rhône 14,, Switzerland](/en/bizidex)
Subscribe Now
### Get All Updates & Advance Offers |
f9c599a4-6c23-4164-bbef-9f3c548f907d | https://bizimkulliye.com/arsiv/ | bizimkulliye.com | 2026-02-06T19:01:10Z | <urn:uuid:f9c599a4-6c23-4164-bbef-9f3c548f907d> | <urn:uuid:54beab91-362a-4720-811c-51e5292ce8f7> | 47,365 | 4,231 | [Home](https://bizimkulliye.com) / Arşiv
# Arşiv
## Kasım, 2025
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17 Kasım
## [Bizim Külliye 106. Sayı (Aralık 2025 – Ocak – Şubat 2025)](https://bizimkulliye.com/bizim-kulliye-106-sayi-aralik-2025-ocak-subat-2025/)
[](https://bizimkulliye.com/bizim-kulliye-106-sayi-aralik-2025-ocak-subat-2025/)
Dergimizi PDF olarak okumak ve indirmek için tıklayınız
## Ağustos, 2025
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11 Ağustos
## [Bizim Külliye 105. Sayı (Eylül – Ekim – Kasım 2025)](https://bizimkulliye.com/bizim-kulliye-105-sayi-eylul-ekim-kasim-2025/)
[](https://bizimkulliye.com/bizim-kulliye-105-sayi-eylul-ekim-kasim-2025/)
Dergimizi PDF olarak okumak ve indirmek için tıklayınız
## Mayıs, 2025
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15 Mayıs
## [Bizim Külliye 104. Sayı (Haziran – Temmuz – Ağustos 2025)](https://bizimkulliye.com/bizim-kulliye-104-sayi-haziran-temmuz-agustos-2025/)
[](https://bizimkulliye.com/bizim-kulliye-104-sayi-haziran-temmuz-agustos-2025/)
Dergimizi PDF olarak okumak ve indirmek için tıklayınız
## Şubat, 2025
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14 Şubat
## [Bizim Külliye 103. Sayı (Mart – Nisan – Mayıs 2025)](https://bizimkulliye.com/bizim-kulliye-103-sayi-mart-nisan-mayis-2025/)
[](https://bizimkulliye.com/bizim-kulliye-103-sayi-mart-nisan-mayis-2025/)
Dergimizi PDF olarak okumak ve indirmek için tıklayınız
## Kasım, 2024
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25 Kasım
## [Bizim Külliye 102. Sayı (Aralık 2024 Ocak-Şubat 2025)](https://bizimkulliye.com/bizim-kulliye-102-sayi-aralik-2024-ocak-subat-2025/)
[](https://bizimkulliye.com/bizim-kulliye-102-sayi-aralik-2024-ocak-subat-2025/)
Dergimizi PDF olarak okumak ve indirmek için tıklayınız
## Ağustos, 2024
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14 Ağustos
## [Bizim Külliye 101. Sayı (Eylül-Ekim-Kasım 2024)](https://bizimkulliye.com/bizim-kulliye-100-sayi-eylul-ekim-kasim-2024/)
[](https://bizimkulliye.com/bizim-kulliye-100-sayi-eylul-ekim-kasim-2024/)
Dergimizi PDF olarak okumak ve indirmek için tıklayınız
## Mayıs, 2024
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15 Mayıs
## [Bizim Külliye 100. Sayı (Haziran-Temmuz-Ağustos 2024)](https://bizimkulliye.com/bizim-kulliye-100-sayi-haziran-temmuz-agustos-2024/)
[](https://bizimkulliye.com/bizim-kulliye-100-sayi-haziran-temmuz-agustos-2024/)
Dergimizi PDF olarak okumak ve indirmek için tıklayınız
## Şubat, 2024
-
9 Şubat
## [Bizim Külliye 99. Sayı (Mart-Nisan-Mayıs 2024)](https://bizimkulliye.com/bizim-kulliye-99-sayi-mart-nisan-mayis-2024/)
[](https://bizimkulliye.com/bizim-kulliye-99-sayi-mart-nisan-mayis-2024/)
Dergimizi PDF olarak okumak ve indirmek için tıklayınız
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-
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[](https://bizimkulliye.com/dijital-arsivimizi-yeniledik/)
. . Dijital Arşivimizi Yeniledik. Sizlerden gelen yoğun isteklerle şimdiye kadar yayımlanmış olan tüm sayılarımızı, dijital ortamda kapaklarını da ekleyerek siz değerli okurlarımızın hizmetine sunduk. 1.SAYI – Nisan – Mayıs – Haziran 1999 — İlk Sayımız – Çıkarken 2.SAYI – Temmuz – Ağustos – Eylül 1999 — Serbest 3.SAYI – Ekim – …
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9c2f9a34-b349-4fd8-83cd-0e51210055fa | https://bitnewsbot.com/radix-consultation-live-vote-on/ | bitnewsbot.com | 2026-02-06T18:52:28Z | <urn:uuid:9c2f9a34-b349-4fd8-83cd-0e51210055fa> | <urn:uuid:b090acdc-ce95-416b-9859-020e9a5bbcab> | 498,156 | 5,306 | [Home](https://bitnewsbot.com/)**[News](https://bitnewsbot.com/news/)
# Radix Consultation Live: Vote on Season 1 End & Vesting ASAP
Radix launches consultation (closes Jan 13, 2026) to choose Season 1 end date and 1‑week–6‑month reward vesting schedule via weighted‑average voting; rewards issued as liquid vesting units.
By [Audu Buba](https://bitnewsbot.com/author/audu_buba/)
**January 7, 2026
**14
- **Radix** has opened a formal consultation to set the Season 1 end date and reward vesting schedule for Radix Rewards.
- The consultation runs now and closes at 23:59 UTC on January 13, 2026; participate via the consultation page.
- Voters choose among three season-end dates (Jan 24, Feb 22, Mar 29, 2026) and seven vesting durations (1 week to 6 months).
- Results will use a weighted average method rather than a simple majority to capture aggregate preference.
- Rewards will be issued as liquid vesting units; holders may redeem early but will forfeit unvested tokens back to the pool.
**Radix** has started a formal consultation to finalize the conclusion date of Radix Rewards Season 1 and the schedule for unlocking distributed rewards. The consultation is open now and closes at 23:59 UTC on January 13, 2026; participants must connect their Radix wallet on the consultation site ([The Consultation is live now](https://consultation.radixdlt.com/dashboard/consultations)).
- Advertisement -
Voters will choose among three proposed end dates: January 24, 2026; February 22, 2026; or March 29, 2026. They will also select a vesting "maturity" option for rewards from seven choices: 1 week, 1 month, 2 months, 3 months, 4 months, 5 months, or 6 months.
The consultation page states the process will not use a simple majority, *"will not use a simple majority (‘winner-takes-all’) count."* Instead, results for both questions will be calculated using a weighted average and rounded to the nearest available option to reflect aggregate preference.
At the end of Season 1, rewards will be issued as liquid vesting units that unlock over time. The consultation notes, *"While you can redeem early (forfeiting unvested tokens to the pool), the ‘maturity’ period defines the full unlock schedule."* Token-weighted voting will use XRD and LSUs held in linked accounts to determine vote strength.
The move follows earlier community input collected during an informal feedback period; details were shared in the project blog ([informal feedback](https://www.radixdlt.com/blog/season-1-conclusion-and-reward-distribution-mechanics)). Participants who wish to vote can access the consultation and submit preferences at ******[https://consultation.radixdlt.com/dashboard/consultations](https://consultation.radixdlt.com/dashboard/consultations)**.
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02c18538-2b53-4d61-8d48-4100c5dd59f3 | https://bizidex.com/en/cbd-oil-sacramento-health-care-347463 | bizidex.com | 2026-02-06T20:29:09Z | <urn:uuid:02c18538-2b53-4d61-8d48-4100c5dd59f3> | <urn:uuid:39b2bbcf-b4f9-4a6b-bd2c-e848e9790f7f> | 26,574 | 1,180 | 
# CBD Oil Sacramento
**Claimed
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## About the Business
CBD Oil Sacramento presents non-toxic CBD Oil. CBD oil is a cold-pressed seed oil fortified with a natural extract from a tincture of hemp flowers. Contains cannabidiol concentrate as well.
## Additional Information
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651 8th Street, Sacramento, California, United States of America, USA
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Open 24
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651 8th Street, Sacramento, California, United States of America, USA
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7cec421c-c334-4520-8d99-7bedb6d194f3 | https://bk2.com.br/ex-bbb-sarah-andrade-curte-ferias-no-resort-la-torre-em-porto-seguro/ | bk2.com.br | 2026-02-06T19:24:02Z | <urn:uuid:7cec421c-c334-4520-8d99-7bedb6d194f3> | <urn:uuid:647fd0e6-94b6-4dc4-bd70-d6a1f6036f17> | 4,051 | 380 | 
# Verificação de segurança
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d16db693-06a8-4e0e-8377-37000c2bc024 | https://biosad.com.ua/ua/p1241035727-sliva-nenka.html | biosad.com.ua | 2026-02-06T20:15:31Z | <urn:uuid:d16db693-06a8-4e0e-8377-37000c2bc024> | <urn:uuid:57dedcfd-a9c7-4d1a-97e9-db8f5b5797bc> | 122,530 | 12,402 | # Слива �енька
-40%
**
**
**
У компанії підключені електронні платежі. Тепер ви можете купити будь-�кий товар не покидаючи �айту.
Опи�
Характери�тики
Інформаці� дл� замовленн�
**Слива �енька**
Â
Дуже цікавий, ви�оковрожайний �орт �ливи, україн�ької �елекції, �ереднього терміну дозріванн�.
"�енька" - дуже попул�рна в південних країнах С�Д, завд�ки �воїм ви�оким �ко�т�м, таким �к: �табільне плодоношенн�, чудова зимо�тійкі�ть, ви�ока врожайні�ть і ви�ока �кі�ть плодів.
Єдиний недолік — це нетерпимі�ть до по�ухи.
Даний �орт �ливи універ�альний, його можна ви�аджувати �к і в приватному �аду, так і дл� проми�лових цілей.
Сорт ча�тково �амоплідний, дл� гарного плодоношенн� і ви�окої врожайно�ті йому не завад�ть запилювачі "[Чачак�ька Лепотіка](https://biosad.com.ua/ua/p1241055258-sliva-chachakskaya-lepotika.html)" або "[Ренклод �льтана](https://biosad.com.ua/ua/p1241039541-sliva-renklod-altana.html)".
"�енька" - �орт гідний уваги, о�кільки має хорошу приживлювані�ть �к в північних регіонах України, так і в південних.
Дерева �ередньоро�лі, з �ередньозагущеною кроною овальної форми.
Сорт має прекра�ні �макові �ко�ті, тому плоди можна вживати не тільки в переробленому вигл�ді, але й в �віжому.
Плоди �ливи �ередніх розмірів, овальної форми.
Колір глибокий фіолетовий, повні�тю вкритий во�ковим нальотом.
М'�коть жовта, щільна, �оковита, ки�ло-�олодка, ароматна.
Дегу�таційна оцінка 4,5 балів з 5 -ти можливих.
Кі�точка велика, легко відділ�єть��.
Слива підходить �к дл� вирощуванн� в приватному го�подар�тві, так і дл� викори�танн� в проми�лових ма�штабах.
Врожайні�ть доро�лого дерева: 70 - 80 кг.
Термін дозріванн� - початок �ерпн�.
Дерева починають плодоно�ити на 4 - 5 рік.
Â
| Селекці� | Україна |
| --- | --- |
| Врожайні�ть | ви�ока |
| Термін дозріванн� | початок �ерпн� |
| Забарвленн� плоду | фіолетовий, з �ильним нальотом |
| Розмір плоду | 50 – 70 г |
| Форма плоду | овальна |
| Шкірка | щільна |
| М'�коть | ки�ло-�олодка, щільна |
| Товарні�ть | ви�ока |
| Тран�портабельні�ть | ви�ока |
| Лежкі�ть | ви�ока |
| Стійкі�ть до дірча�тою пл�ми�то�ті (кл��теро�піріозу) | ви�ока |
| Стійкі�ть до гоммозу (камедетечі) | ви�ока |
| Стійкі�ть до парші | ви�ока |
| Стійкі�ть до іржі | ви�ока |
| Стійкі�ть до кокомікозу | ви�ока |
| Стійкі�ть до моніліозу (моніліальний опік, �іра гниль) | хороша |
| По�ухо�тійкі�ть | �лабка |
| Морозо�тійкі�ть | ви�ока |
| Запилювачі | "Чачак�ька Лепотіка", "Ренклод �льтана" |
| Коренева �и�тема | відкрита |
Â
Â
Переваги покупки �аджанців плодових в інтернет - магазині ВіоСад:
✔ Кращі �орти, вирощені у вла�ному розпліднику
✔ Гаранті� �ортно�ті 100 %
✔ ЯкіÑ�Ñ‚ÑŒ Ñ�аджанцÑ� та кореневої Ñ�иÑ�темиÂ
✔ Маркуванн� кожного �аджанц�
✔ Дбайливе та �кі�не пакуванн�
✔ Перевірені ча�ом �орти
✔ Приживлювані�ть у будь-�кому регіоні України
Â
Пакуванн� �аджанців:
Корінн� �аджанців обробл�ють�� �пеціально приготованим розчином, так званої "бовтанки", потім по�ипають�� вологою тир�ою і обмотують�� плівкою.
Дане пакуванн� дозвол�є залишати�� корінню зволоженим довгий ча�.
Â
| О�новні атрибути |
| --- |
| Культура | Сливи |
| Тип продукції | Саджанці |
| Життєва форма | Плодові дерева |
| Країна виробник | Україна |
| Ботанічні характери�тики |
| Тривалі�ть житт� | Багаторічні |
| Холодо�тійкі�ть | Так |
| По�ухо�тійкі�ть | Так |
| Додаткові характери�тики |
| Коренева �и�тема | відкрита |
| Вік �аджанц� | 1 год |
| Ви�ота �аджанц� | 130 �м |
- **Ціна:** 167,40 ₴ |
c36b7959-6fce-4cca-9d41-b9f57c457da9 | https://bkmrk.co.uk/titles/enid-blyton-2/the-mystery-series-the-mystery-of-the-strange-bundle/9781444943603/ | bkmrk.co.uk | 2026-02-06T20:15:10Z | <urn:uuid:c36b7959-6fce-4cca-9d41-b9f57c457da9> | <urn:uuid:32a2fa6b-6dbc-479c-ad76-6786d3875065> | 191,502 | 333 | ## Newsletter Signup
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987f27ae-89b0-4e16-96cc-88bcfb749b1d | https://bjn.wikipedia.org/wiki/20_Uktubir | bjn.wikipedia.org | 2026-02-06T20:20:37Z | <urn:uuid:987f27ae-89b0-4e16-96cc-88bcfb749b1d> | <urn:uuid:06571a9c-0e71-4a41-a14d-c1e70776c521> | 164,530 | 926 | Tumatan Wikipidia Banjar, kindai pangatahuan
**20 Uktubir** adalah hari ka-293 (hari ka-294 dalam [tahun kabisat](//bjn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tahun_kabisat)) dalam [almanak Gregorian](//bjn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Almanak_Gregorian).
| | Uktubir | |
| --- | --- | --- |
| M | S | S | R | K | J | S |
| | | | | 1 | 2 | 3 |
| 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | 8 | 9 | 10 |
| 11 | 12 | 13 | 14 | 15 | 16 | 17 |
| 18 | 19 | 20 | 21 | 22 | 23 | 24 |
| 25 | 26 | 27 | 28 | 29 | 30 | 31 |
| 2026 |
| | Tulisan batupik waktu nangini masih rintisan. Pian kawa mambantu atawa manggani-i Wikipidia manambahiakan isi atawa mangambangkannya. |
| --- | --- |
Dijumput matan "[https://bjn.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=20_Uktubir&oldid=64336](https://bjn.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=20_Uktubir&oldid=64336)"
[Tumbung](/wiki/Istimiwa:Daptar_tumbung):
- [Rintisan batupik waktu](/wiki/Tumbung:Rintisan_batupik_waktu) |
b3fc644f-c7f6-41dd-9ef2-d6067d094b5d | https://blackbears.ru/forum/viewtopic.php?p=28174&sid=07ecdcdeceb7b8dac93d9ecb9c2e06fa | blackbears.ru | 2026-02-06T19:31:53Z | <urn:uuid:b3fc644f-c7f6-41dd-9ef2-d6067d094b5d> | <urn:uuid:9a7445a4-8b40-42ee-91c6-8a5a14b07149> | 24,350 | 3,515 |  
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НОВОСТИ: Мотокросс в Рыбинске - наши Чемпионы!
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Ткачен
honored guest
Зарегистрирован: 05.06.2006
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Откуда: Ярославль
Добавлено:
17 Июл 2011 22:29
16 июля 2011 года в Рыбинске на аэродроме ДОСААФ состоялся очередной этап Чемпионата России по мотокроссу.
НИКИТА ГОЛОСОВ, выступающий за Мотоклуб "Чёрные Медведи", занял Первое место в классе 80 куб.см., буквально вырвав победу у соперников на последнем повороте перед финишем!!
Отец Никиты, АЛЕКСЕЙ АНУФРИЕВ (Ануфрий) - мембер Клуба Black Bears MC - занял Четвёртое место в классе 250 куб.см., в напряжённой борьбе оставив позади себя многих серьёзных мастеров.
Мы от души поздравляем Никиту и Алексея с победой, верим в их мастерство и гордимся тем, что Цвета Чёрных Медведей подкреплены заслуженной спортивной славой.
Так держать, парни!
Эти и несколько других фотографий с Рыбинского кросса можно посмотреть тут: http://imgsrc.ru/tkachen/23985972.html#bp
_________________Экс-ББ
GuLDaN
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МА - ЛА - ДЦЫ!!!
NIVA
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Поздравляю ! Молодцы !
Scorpio
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МОЛОДЦА!
_________________...подобно Чингиз-Хану на железной лошади, они восседают на своих монстрах-конях...
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fe903d1d-448d-4bf1-9833-b69d1c83d4bf | https://blacktorrent.ru/album/34139-antiquus-scriptum-ahbra-khadabra-2019.html | blacktorrent.ru | 2026-02-06T19:42:36Z | <urn:uuid:fe903d1d-448d-4bf1-9833-b69d1c83d4bf> | <urn:uuid:674a3fdc-6a96-4c8d-90d0-08f347695cf1> | 55,919 | 2,166 | 
**
- 60
- [1](#)
- [2](#)
- [3](#)
- [4](#)
- [5](#)
4 views
Full length
-
**Country:**
Portugal
-
**Musical genre:**
[Heavy Metal](https://blacktorrent.ru/tags/Heavy+Metal/) [Black Metal](https://blacktorrent.ru/tags/Black+Metal/)
-
**Release date:**
2019
-
**Media Type:**
CD
-
**Album:**
Ahbra Khadabra
### Album tracklist Antiquus Scriptum - Ahbra Khadabra (2019)
1. Epicus Maximus - IX Symphony (Excertos) - Prel?dio 01:42
2. The Mirror's Magic Sights 11:58
3. Jardim Celeste (TeknoAXE ; Passaggio I) 03:04
4. … La?grymas & Negra Philosophia, no meu Phantasmago?rico Labyrintho Theatral… 09:46
5. Secretum Templi (Passando o Portal Abracada?brico ; Intermezzo II) 02:25
6. Seven Silver Keys (Candlemass cover) 04:57
7. Evolve - Nocte Mysterium Regni ; Melodramma III) 00:29
8. A Luz Azul (R?dio Macau cover) 04:43
9. Skruzos (The Skull Crusher ; Decrescendo IV) 00:56
10. Russians (Sting cover) 04:29
11. Perfume Secrets (The Lost Words...) - Ep?logo 01:10
12. (Silence) 01:00
13. Hidden Track (TeknoAXE) 03:40
**Download torrent Antiquus Scriptum «Ahbra Khadabra»** ( 2019) (Black / Heavy Metal) in HD quality FLAC | MP3 320 kbps. Group Antiquus Scriptum from region Portugal plays in genre Black / Heavy Metal and is recorded on label , at the time 4-02-19 in status Active. Here you can find out the name of the album «Ahbra Khadabra», its tracklist, songs and video clips.
- Video 1
## Download Antiquus Scriptum - Ahbra Khadabra (2019) torrent
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f55f9781-3fcd-4716-a435-4e091378876b | https://blagoveshchensk.sm.news/neizvestnyj-obstrelyal-avtobus-v-amurskoj-oblasti-71655-u3t5/ | blagoveshchensk.sm.news | 2026-02-06T20:08:28Z | <urn:uuid:f55f9781-3fcd-4716-a435-4e091378876b> | <urn:uuid:a6b11438-2aac-419e-8430-0acf1a0c972c> | 204,357 | 2,530 | 26 Окт 2024 в 17:19 [#Происшествия и ЧП](https://sm.news/proisshestviya/) Читать 3 мин.
# Нападение на автобус в Свободном: есть пострадавший
## Неизвестный обстрелял автобус в Амурской области
[#Происшествия и ЧП](/proisshestviya/)
Фото: ИА SM-News
Нападение на автобус в Свободном: есть пострадавший
 26 Окт 2024 в 17:19 [#Происшествия и ЧП](/proisshestviya/)
Фото: ИА SM-News
Неизвестный обстрелял автобус в Амурской области
**26 октября – ИА SM.News.** В Приамурье произошёл инцидент: неизвестный открыл огонь по пассажирскому автобусу, в результате чего есть как минимум один пострадавший. Об этом стало известно из сообщения в телеграм-канале Amur Mash.
В городе Свободный Амурской области произошло нападение на пассажирский автобус. Неизвестный открыл огонь по транспортному средству.
Он произвёл выстрелы по автобусу, следовавшему по маршруту № 30, рядом со школой № 6.
В результате стрельбы пострадала девочка, её госпитализировали на карете скорой помощи. По предварительной информации, у неё травма плеча.
[Амурская область](/tag/amurskij-region/) [Россия](/tag/rossiya/)
Автор
[Ксения Кузьмина](https://blagoveshchensk.sm.news/author/goronenkova-k/)
«Мнение автора может не совпадать с мнением редакции». Особенно если это кликбейт. Вы можете [написать жалобу.](https://sm.news/jaloba/) |
8bdb7f69-13ee-4958-9711-7ad97ccf6c37 | https://blagovist.info/bibliia?book=2Cor&ch=2:6&lang=uk | blagovist.info | 2026-02-06T20:05:35Z | <urn:uuid:8bdb7f69-13ee-4958-9711-7ad97ccf6c37> | <urn:uuid:cccedf33-6de2-4d68-9075-0c3de67ce3ab> | 220,499 | 3,492 | # Біблія українською мовою
**Старий Завіт** – *переклад Івана Огієнка*
** Новий Завіт** – *переклад Волинської єпархії Української Православної Церкви*
### Друге послання до Коринфян
| ← попередній розділ | наступний розділ → |
| --- | --- |
**Розділ 2**
*1*: Отож я вирішив сам у собі не приходити до вас знову у смутку.
*2*: Бо коли я засмучую вас, то хто втішить мене, як не той, хто засмучений мною?
*3*: Те саме я і писав до вас, щоб, прийшовши, не мати смутку від тих, за яких мені належало радіти, бо у всіх вас впевнений, що моя радість є радість і для всіх вас.
*4*: Від великої скорботи і туги серця я писав вам з великими сльозами не для того, щоб засмутити вас, але щоб ви пізнали любов, яку я без міри маю до вас.
*5*: Коли ж хто засмутив, то не мене засмутив, а частково,– щоб не сказати багато,– і всіх вас.
***6*: Для такого досить цього покарання від багатьох,
*7*: то ж вам краще вже простити його і втішити, щоб його не поглинула надмірна печаль.
*8*: І тому прошу вас виявіть до нього любов.
*9*: Бо я для того і писав, щоб дізнатися на досвіді, чи в усьому ви слухняні.
*10*: А кого ви в чому прощаєте, того і я; бо і я, коли простив кого в чому, простив для вас від лиця Христового,
*11*: щоб не заподіяв шкоди нам сатана, бо нам відомі його наміри.
*12*: Прийшовши до Троади благовістити про Христа, хоч Господь і відчинив мені двері,
*13*: я не мав спокою духу моєму, бо не знайшов там брата мого Тита; але, попрощавшись з ними, я пішов до Македонії.
*14*: Але дяка Богові, Котрий завжди дає нам торжествувати у Христі, і благоухання пізнання про Себе розповсюджує нами у всякому місці.
*15*: Бо ми Христове благоухання Богові в тих, що спасаються і в тих, що гинуть.
*16*: Для одних запах смертоносний на смерть, а для інших запах животворний на життя. І хто здатний до цього?
*17*: Бо ми не пошкоджуємо слова Божого, як багато хто, але проповідуємо щиро, як від Бога, перед Богом, у Христі.
**
| ← попередній розділ | наступний розділ → |
| --- | --- | |
2cb7c314-b712-4483-9a3c-4e1f4a22884b | https://blaubergventilatoren.net/catalog/ahu-domestic-cross-flow-horizontal-units/filters/290/ | blaubergventilatoren.net | 2026-02-06T19:24:16Z | <urn:uuid:2cb7c314-b712-4483-9a3c-4e1f4a22884b> | <urn:uuid:e841e9aa-7c64-45ad-8253-7808fa5d48db> | 97,764 | 541 |  / [Product catalogue](/catalog/) / [Air handling units](/catalog/air-handling-units/) / [Crossflow residential AHU](/catalog/ahu-domestic-cross-flow/) / Horizontal Units
# Horizontal Units - Motor type AC
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0f0bfdfd-8be2-4002-a649-73f145d79155 | https://blog.3dortgen.com/etiket/crowdfunding/ | blog.3dortgen.com | 2026-02-06T20:23:46Z | <urn:uuid:0f0bfdfd-8be2-4002-a649-73f145d79155> | <urn:uuid:c53db54b-5ef1-4579-afcb-c47698c0c2cc> | 11,922 | 51 | Please wait while your request is being verified... |
05a840fa-e4f9-4b9b-a829-30be41e687fd | https://blog.123host.vn/page/20/ | blog.123host.vn | 2026-02-06T18:51:54Z | <urn:uuid:05a840fa-e4f9-4b9b-a829-30be41e687fd> | <urn:uuid:67f832ca-6761-422a-975b-467ff8983a3e> | 66,339 | 619 | ## [Công cụ tìm kiếm phổ biến và IPv6](https://blog.123host.vn/2017/01/21/cong-cu-tim-kiem-pho-bien-va-ipv6/)
**Tháng Một 21, 2017
[](https://blog.123host.vn/2017/01/21/cong-cu-tim-kiem-pho-bien-va-ipv6/)
Khi bạn sử dụng internet, máy tính hay điện thoại của bạn sẽ được gắn với một địa chỉ IP. Hiện nay, đa số là địa chỉ IPv4, nhưng vấn đề ở chỗ IPv4 có khoảng 4.3 tỷ IP và số địa chỉ này đã gần hết. Giải pháp cho …
[Read More »](https://blog.123host.vn/2017/01/21/cong-cu-tim-kiem-pho-bien-va-ipv6/) |
bc263480-bd56-4166-9803-457ce5ff562c | https://blackandcopper.in/product/jbl-hdi-4500/?add-to-wishlist=13803 | blackandcopper.in | 2026-02-06T18:32:20Z | <urn:uuid:bc263480-bd56-4166-9803-457ce5ff562c> | <urn:uuid:c9a384fd-39dc-4ecf-84d2-1c78bff69552> | 168,360 | 1,159 | [View wishlist](https://blackandcopper.in/wishlist/)“Diamond 12.C” has been added to your wishlist
[Floor Standing](https://blackandcopper.in/product-category/speakers/floor-standing/)
# JBL HDI-4500
₹149,990
(In stock)
Designed and engineered in JBL’s world-famous acoustic engineering facility in Northridge, California, the HDI-4500 is the anchor of a complete HDI Series surround system. This center channel loudspeaker features a 2 ½-way design with patented High-Definition Imaging (HDI™) waveguide technology, the patented 2410H-2 1-inch (25mm) compression driver, and quadruple 5.25-inch (130mm) Advanced Aluminum Matrix cone woofers for powerful dynamics and incredibly accurate sound reproduction.
In stock
Categories:[Floor Standing](https://blackandcopper.in/product-category/speakers/floor-standing/), [HDI Series](https://blackandcopper.in/product-category/speakers/floor-standing/hdi-series/) Brand: [JBL](https://blackandcopper.in/brand/jbl/) |
f7ba9d4e-cab0-4969-8371-436f3d08d52e | https://blog.aloha-life.jp/news/363/ | blog.aloha-life.jp | 2026-02-06T18:38:14Z | <urn:uuid:f7ba9d4e-cab0-4969-8371-436f3d08d52e> | <urn:uuid:3edb28c2-a4e4-40b4-91b3-f7a19af8d244> | 36,845 | 1,517 | [ホーム](https://blog.aloha-life.jp/) » [お知らせ](https://blog.aloha-life.jp/category/news/) » ロコラテ
# ロコラテ
# ロコラテ
2022.09.04
** [お知らせ](https://blog.aloha-life.jp/category/news/) > [ブログ](https://blog.aloha-life.jp/category/blog/)
**
2022年8月 沢山のお客様にご来店いただき
パウスカート レディースTシャツ
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お買い求め誠にありがとうございました
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46ea6a77-58fa-41cc-bcd2-d8d1986ae56c | https://blb.dk/category/miljoe/ | blb.dk | 2026-02-06T19:15:35Z | <urn:uuid:46ea6a77-58fa-41cc-bcd2-d8d1986ae56c> | <urn:uuid:bb1aff33-23e2-4641-b920-a128dfec01cf> | 186,439 | 1,882 | # Miljø
### [ESG](https://blb.dk/produkter/esg/)
ESG er en investering i fremtidens landbrug, og du kan stille skarpt på din virksomheds bæredygtige potentialer med en ESG-ledelsesrapport. Med ESG kan du styrke din position. Vi hjælper dig med at dokumentere og beskrive din virksomhed i et bæredygtigt perspektiv. Danske landmænd er allerede nogle af verdens mest bæredygtige fødevareproducenter. Med ESG får du…
### [Juridisk rådgivning](https://blb.dk/produkter/juridisk-raadgivning/)
Kære medlem Vi tilbyder juridisk rådgivning med adgang til specialiseret viden og ekspertise indenfor en lang række områder, hvor vi hjælper med at beskytte dine juridiske og forretningsmæssige interesser. Vi kæmper landbrugets sag. Vi gør det ikke kun ud fra gældende lovgivning, vi er også med til at flytte retspraksis og lovgivningen igennem vores sager….
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Vi tilbyder at opmåle og dokumentere dine vandløb – dybdestruktur etc. Fordelene ved at bruge en båd med sonar til vandløbsopmåling inkluderer høj nøjagtighed, evnen til at dække store områder effektivt og muligheden for at opnå detaljerede og pålidelige data om vandløbets dybde og struktur. Båden indsamler data, samtidig med at den sejler i vandløbet,…
### Indtast søgeord og tryk enter for at søge |
edf2037e-60e2-4ace-9390-1ee3aa0e84f0 | https://biotuesdays.com/2025/06/24/verisim-delivering-predictive-insights-to-advance-and-de-risk-drug-development/ | biotuesdays.com | 2026-02-06T19:44:01Z | <urn:uuid:edf2037e-60e2-4ace-9390-1ee3aa0e84f0> | <urn:uuid:543994fd-0999-4022-acf8-a09ccd69204e> | 114,178 | 8,371 | 
By Melane Sampson
Jo Varshney, Ph.D., Founder and CEO
Closely held [VeriSIM Life](https://www.verisimlife.com) is leveraging multi-disciplinary quantitative methods to predict patient outcomes and accelerate the discovery, development, and commercialization of transformative therapies. The company aims to eliminate inefficiencies and inaccuracies in translating drug candidates to clinical trials—moving beyond the traditional trial-and-error experimentation model.
“We believe our machine learning-driven approach will accelerate the development of medicines, getting them to market faster and improving patient outcomes—without relying on redundant trials or subjecting animals to the cruelty of testing,” Jo Varshney, Ph.D., founder and CEO of VeriSIM, says in an interview with BioTuesdays.
“Unlike conventional development methods, our platform isn’t constrained by disease-specific or target-based limitations. This enables us to explore a wide range of therapeutic areas and expedite the development of breakthrough treatments,” she adds.
Dr. Varshey recounts how her frustration with inefficiencies in the drug development space led her to establish VerSIM Life in 2017. Together with her team of dedicated scientists, modelers, chemists, and software engineers, she is committed to transforming healthcare through better predictive models.
“With my background in both veterinary and human health, animal testing has never sat well with me. We create synthetic diseases in animals that live in highly controlled environments—unlike the complexities of real human conditions,” she contends.
“Animal testing has not really changed in more than a century. This year, the FDA announced plans to phase it out in large molecule testing—and for good reason. It’s expensive and often poorly translatable to humans due to inherent biological differences.”
Dr. Varshney believes a better way forward is combining computational modeling with biology, “where biology remains the first principle and driver over the AI piece.”
To achieve meaningful scale and impact across diverse patient populations and drug types, Dr. Varshney says she needed to go big and that resulted in the formulation of VeriSIM Life. “I wanted to solve this challenge of how we look at translatability between non-clinical and clinical trials and make it better, more efficient, and safer so more drugs are successful.”
Dr. Varshney explains that the challenge was to create AI-based translational models that could help identify potential clinical risks that could be seen in patients, before the drug entered into clinical trials. “It traditionally takes more than $6 billion and 12 to 15 years to successfully bring a drug to market—which if you do the math means fewer innovations, longer cycles of clinical trials, and really very few drugs approved and available to patients. We needed an integrated solution to change that.”
To meet this challenge, VeriSIM developed a first-in-class, drug decision engine called BIOiSIM, which delivers earlier, actionable insights—enabling faster drug discovery and de-risking of R&D.
Dr. Varshney points out that the BIOiSIM platform combines a vast chemical search space, thousands of validation data sets, multi-compartmental models, machine learning (ML), deep learning, and large language models. This fusion enables unprecedented chemical and biological relevance in drug design—agnostic to indication or modality.
BIOiSIM helps research scientists avoid the design and pursuit of dead-end drug candidates by identifying those with high clinical potential from day one—while offering the flexibility of being able to pivot and quickly adapt to address translation challenges.
“There are countless brilliant scientists out there and BIOiSIM gives them superpowers—the ability to make smarter decisions earlier and increase their chances of clinical successes,” Dr. Varshney says.
The BIOiSIM platform reduces the time it takes to get to Investigational New Drug (IND) status by an average of two and a half years. Its robust AI/ML engine reduces the need for unnecessary in vivo experimentation, representing a cost savings of $3 million compared to conventional testing.
The VeriSIM team has simulated various species—including humans—creating digital twins to study drug behavior across patient populations. This simulation-based triage helps researchers determine whether animal studies are necessary at all—reduce, refine, or replace animal testing.
“We analyze historic challenges—from R&D to clinical trials—then codify and simulate past outcomes with different types of drugs: novel drugs, molecules, approved drugs, or failed drugs, so that AI can learn from these interactions. This creates a kind of mega-map that researchers can use to avoid repeating mistakes,” Dr. Varshney says.
Dr. Varsney emphasizes that BIOiSIN was designed to augment—not replace—human experience. One example is VeriSIM’s collaboration with the Mayo Clinic, where highly experienced research physicians contribute real-world clinical insights and critical knowledge that AI alone can’t generate.
“The experts at Mayo Clinic understand not only the disease but also patient experiences, which really helps us build better models within BIOiSIN. They also know about the negative data—things that didn’t work out in the clinic or in research—and that’s golden information for an AI company because those things don’t get published and they have more lessons learned than successful stories, which are so few and far between,” she says.
To keep BIOiSIN outcome focused, VeriSIM created a Translational Index—a sort of credit score for drug candidates. It helps partners identify challenges early on to improve clinical viability before entering trials.
“From a financial perspective, this means less time lost to trial-and-error, fewer repeated studies, and better allocation of resources. It also increases the probability of success and enables quicker pivots if needed. It’s a win-win-win for developers, investors, and—most importantly—patients who need drugs yesterday,” Dr. Varshney says.
VeriSIM not only supports external drug developers with IND-enabling programs, but it also uses its platform internally. The company is currently advancing a portfolio of assets, particularly in rare diseases.
“As the first-to-market in this space, we believe it’s essential to validate the technology ourselves. We’re applying it to high-need areas like pulmonary arterial hypertension, substance use disorders, and oncology,” Dr. Varshney says.
In each program, VeriSIM leverages its predictive engine to prioritize candidates with the highest chance of success, working closely with pharma and regulatory partners to ensure its scoring system translates effectively in real-world settings.
By building a scalable, AI-enabled drug development pipeline, the company is expanding into multiple therapeutic areas, including fibrosis, hepatocellular carcinoma, addiction (in partnership with the NIH), and metabolic diseases.
“There is a better way to develop drugs—and we’re among the first to enable ROI-driven development,” Dr. Varshney concludes. “While we can’t promise success every time, we can identify clinical risks earlier and help researchers fast-track their innovations to where they’re needed most—and we are very excited to be on this journey with them.”
• • • • •
To connect with VeriSIM Life or any other companies featured on BioTuesdays, send us an email at [editor@biotuesdays.com](mailto:editor@biotuesdays.com).
[VeriSIM](https://biotuesdays.com/tag/verisim/) |
bf758cc8-16a2-4237-9fa9-c1caaee26a07 | https://blimburnseeds.com/northern-lights-x-do-si-dos/?reviews-page=4 | blimburnseeds.com | 2026-02-06T20:03:54Z | <urn:uuid:bf758cc8-16a2-4237-9fa9-c1caaee26a07> | <urn:uuid:5745a5d4-0e74-4350-9984-6c3c9a9f9923> | 335,185 | 18,084 | 
**
# Northern Lights x Do-Si-Dos
Discover ultimate relaxation with Northern Lights x Do-Si-Dos: an Indica dominant strain blending legendary genetics, rich flavors, and quick 8-10 week flowering. Perfect for growers and enthusiasts!
(98)
| | THC | 17% - 23% (Medium) |
| --- | --- | --- |
| | Lineage | Northern Lights x Do-Si-Dos |
| | Type | Feminized |
| | Climate | Temperate |
| | Harvest Month | All Season |
| | Height | 3.94 ft | 1.2 m |
| | Yield | High |
| | Yield Indoor | 1.8 - 2.13 oz/ft² | 550 - 650 g/m² |
| | Yield Outdoor | 21.16 - 28.22 oz/plant | 600 - 800 g/plant |
| | Flowering Time | 8 - 10 weeks |
| | Phenotype | 75% Indica / 25% Sativa |
| | For Beginners | Yes |
| | Medical | Arthritis, Depression, Fatigue |
| | Effects | Calming, Hungry, Sleepy |
| | Flavors | Earthy, Sweet |
| | Terpenes | Humulene, Alpha-Pinene, Caryophyllene, Myrcene, Beta-Pinene, Caryophyllene Oxide, Farnesene, Linalool, Menthol, Terpinolene |
Choose seed quantity
Learn more
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-
-
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## Lineage Northern Lights x Do-Si-Dos strain
Enjoy a unique experience when you purchase **Northern Lights x Do-Si-Dos,** a mostly Indica strain, **25% Sativa / 75% Indica**. The strain will likely have a Earthy, Sweet flavor with a strong Mostly Indica body high.
A cross between [Northern Lights seeds](https://blimburnseeds.com/northern-lights/) and [Do-Si-Dos](https://blimburnseeds.com/do-si-dos/). It also has a **Medium THC** 17% – 23%, making it a great choice for those looking for a strong and relaxing experience.
A combination of cannabis flower, cannabis concentrate, and terpenes which are known for their Arthritis, Depression, [Fatigue](https://www.health.harvard.edu/staying-healthy/when-should-you-worry-about-fatigue) properties.
Our seeds are fresh and ready to germinate. Follow our **Germination guide** for best results!
### Origin
The **Northern Lights x Do-Si-Dos** strain brings together** two iconic Indica champions** to create a powerhouse hybrid. Bred from USA premium seeds, this strain merges the legendary Northern Lights ([Afghani](https://blimburnseeds.com/afghan/) x Thai genetics) with Do-Si-Dos, known for its [Girl Scout Cookies](https://blimburnseeds.com/girl-scout-cookies/) x Face Off OG lineage. The result is a strain with exceptional potency, rich terpene profiles, and unparalleled quality.
Northern Lights x Do-Si-Dos cannabis seeds showcase the best traits of their parent strains. Combining robust, time tested genetics with modern refinement, this strain delivers dense, resinous buds, perfect for growers and connoisseurs seeking superior results.
## Northern Lights x Do-Si-Dos Sativa or Indica?
**Northern Lights x Do-Si-Dos** is a pure Indica dominant strain, **25% Sativa / 75% Indica**, making it a top choice for those seeking deep relaxation and tranquility. Its strong Indica lineage provides a calming and soothing effect, perfect for unwinding in the evening or managing stress.
Growers appreciate the stability and predictable growth of Northern Lights x Do-Si-Dos feminized seeds. This Indica-dominant hybrid is ideal for indoor and outdoor cultivation, delivering compact, resin rich plants with a manageable size.
## Northern Lights x Do-Si-Dos Effects
**Northern Lights x Do-Si-Dos** strain offers deeply relaxing effects that ease **tension and promote full body calm.** Its Indica dominance provides a soothing experience, ideal for combating stress, anxiety, and insomnia.
The strain’s rich genetic background ensures a balanced high with mild euphoria that transitions into peaceful sedation. Perfect for nighttime use, Northern Lights x Do-Si-Dos weed seeds produce buds with potent, therapeutic effects that cater to both recreational and medicinal users.
## Germinating cannabis seeds Northern Lights x Do-Si-Dos seeds
It is important to germinate your weed seeds carefully if you want to have a healthy harvest from day one. Although there are several methods to germinate our Feminized cannabis seeds, at Blimburn Seeds, we recommend our customers to follow our easy and simple technique.
Before removing our **Northern Lights x Do-Si-Dos** seeds from their packaging, remember that cannabis seeds are alive and delicate. Our hands are full of bacteria that can easily infect seeds and ruin our germination.
**Set Up Your Germination Station: **Begin by moistening two paper towels with room temperature water. Lay one paper towel on a plate and spread the seeds on it, spacing them about 2 cm apart. Place the second paper towel on top of the seeds, and make sure to remove any excess water from the plate. Cover the setup with another opaque plate and store it in a warm, dark location.
**Monitoring:** Make sure paper towels are still moist by checking every 4-6 hours and spraying room temperature water. Typically, germination should occur within 24 to 120 hours. Once the seeds have sprouted tap roots, plant them with the roots facing down and cover with about 2 cm of soil.
Remember to water the soil regularly by spraying to keep it moist. It may take up to two weeks for the plants to start growing.
**Ideal Conditions:** Maintain a consistent temperature of 69.8 ºF – 78.8 ºF (21 ºC – 26 ºC) in the germination area. Use purified room temperature bottled water with a pH level between 5.5 and 6.5. Keep the seeds away from light, allowing exposure for less than 1 minute before and during germination. Avoid touching the seeds or applying pressure to them.
**Record Keeping:** To qualify for the three month germination guarantee, it is necessary to follow all the steps outlined in our [germination guidelines](https://blimburnseeds.com/germination/).
Please do not use [alternative germination methods](https://blimburnseeds.com/blog/marijuana-crop-guide/how-to-germinate-weed-seeds/), such as using a water bottle or planting directly into soil. Document the germination process through photography or video, as it will be requested when assessing claims for replacement products.
## Northern Lights x Do-Si-Dos Flowering Time
**Northern Lights x Do-Si-Dos** feminized seeds have a short flowering time of** 8 to 10 weeks**, making them a top choice for growers seeking a quick harvest. Despite their rapid growth, the plants deliver heavy yields of resin drenched buds.
Thanks to their hardy genetics, these seeds thrive in a variety of growing environments, from indoor setups to outdoor gardens. Northern Lights x Do-Si-Dos strain ensures consistent, high quality results, making it a favorite for cultivators who value efficiency and potency.
## How to grow weed Northern Lights x Do-Si-Dos strain?
**Northern Lights x Do-Si-Dos** cannabis seeds can be grown indoors or outdoors under optimal conditions, to avoid any problems during their development. Although they are compact and robust, moderately easy to grow and hardy, we should always prevent any pests.
You can use different growing methods to retain and enhance the terpenes and flavors of your Feminized **Northern Lights x Do-Si-Dos** buds.
- Use a quality substrate. Perlite, peat or coco coir are ideal for moisture retention.
- Thanks to the experience of our customers with our **Northern Lights x Do-Si-Dos marijuana seeds**, we know that we can increase yields up to 20%.
For optimal indoor cultivation, **Blimburn Seeds Bank **advises wide, vertical spaces and the use of the [ScrOG method](https://blimburnseeds.com/blog/marijuana-crop-guide/growing-cannabis-with-the-scrog-method/) to obtain a uniform plane and increase the size of the lower flowers. If you plan to grow our Feminized seeds outdoors, we have developed a grow guide for optimal cultivation in any area of the world. Marijuana seeds for sale.
Remember that our cannabis plants also need good nutrients when our Feminized seeds are seedlings, in their vegetative period and finally in their flowering period.
When you grow cannabis seeds outdoors, choose the best date for your crop, a place where our cannabis plants receive the most hours of sunshine.
If on the other hand you like to grow your Feminized seeds indoors and you have good tents, textile pots for growing, led lighting, air extractor, to circulate clean air and of course a good carbon filter to avoid problems with neighbors or the law.
Keep daytime temperatures between 68℉-80℉ and nighttime temperatures between 7℉-9℉ cooler.
Feminized plants need low humidity to thrive. Keep relative humidity (RH) levels at 55%-60% during the vegetative phase. Reduce RH to around 40% during the flowering phase. By harvest time, you can reduce RH to 30%.
**Outdoors**, breeders in the northern hemisphere should sow their cannabis seeds in April for harvest in mid October. Healthy Feminized **Northern Lights x Do-Si-Dos seeds** produce about 21 – 28 oz/plant | 600 – 800 gr/plant of buds each.
**Indoors**, these crops have a flowering time of **8 – 10 weeks** and produce about 1.8 – 2.14 oz/ft2 | 550 – 650 gr/m2.
If you plan to grow our feminized seeds outdoors, we have developed a germination [grow guide](https://blimburnseeds.com/germination/) for optimal cultivation in any area of the world.
## Ideal Climate for Growing
The Northern Lights x Do-Si-Dos strain flourishes in a moderately humid climate with warm temperatures. This hybrid variety thrives best when cultivated at an ideal temperature range of **70–80°F (21–27°C)**. Such conditions foster healthy growth and vibrant flowering. The Northern Lights x Do-Si-Dos strain is adaptable to both indoor and outdoor environments, though outdoor enthusiasts should ensure consistent sunlight exposure and well draining soil for optimal results.
For growers in the United States, states that provide the best climate for cultivating this variety include **California, Oregon, Colorado, Nevada, and Florida.** These regions typically enjoy warm summers, allowing for an extended growing season. With proper care and attention to climatic conditions, Northern Lights x Do-Si-Dos seeds can yield high-quality harvests rich in flavor and potency, emphasizing the strain’s unique genetic makeup. Choose the right environment, and you will be rewarded with an exceptional growing experience.
## What does the strain smell like?
The buds of the **Northern Lights x Do-Si-Dos** are rock hard, soaked in resin and often have a crystalline sheen due to the amount of trichomes. They almost look like they came out of the moon and are excessively covered with resinous trichomes. The taste and flavor can be described as the **perfect blend of Earthy, Sweet.**
**The strain** makes a delicious soft smoke and combines a wide range of effects while a strong and relaxing experience. It´s rare genes produce a premium weed that is hard to beat. Thanks to its large resin production, it is the ideal strain for the production of high quality extracts and concentrates.
A good terpene profile enhances the flavors of the buds of cannabis plants. Terpenes are volatile organic compounds that are produced in the cannabis plant and have an effect on the aroma and flavor of the buds.
These terpenes act as a kind of energizer for the flavors of the buds, as they add a fresh, citrusy touch to the sweeter flavors found in the buds. On the other hand, terpenes also have an effect on the effect that cannabis produces when smoked, as some terpenes have sedative properties, while others can act as stimulants.
For this reason, it is important to know the different terpenes found in a given cannabis strain before smoking it, in order to get the most out of the flavors and effects they produce.
## Experiencing the strain
**Northern Lights x Do-Si-Dos** is one of the best marijuana strains available in our catalog with **more than 1000 strains**. An herb with a Medium THC of **17% – 23%** that gives us a state of happiness, concentration and relaxation.
This mostly Mostly Indica marijuana is considered one of the most potent within the cannabis community. **This strain** is the perfect strain to relax, but it will also take you to a state of happiness and concentration. It can make anyone feel cheerful and happy.
This strain is perfect to consume in the evening after a long day. It is a marijuana plant with Mostly Indica structure. A large stem that supports its satellite branches and that we can grow both indoors and outdoors, obtaining a similar production but with a higher yield when it is fed with all the hours of sunshine outdoors.
Our **Northern Lights x Do-Si-Dos** seeds are a Mostly Indica strain that has a flowering period of 8 – 10 weeks. Remember that in each period of cultivation of our marijuana plant it is important to provide it with the corresponding nutrients to obtain resinous buds and trichomes.
If you like this strain maybe you like [Do Si Dos Auto](https://blimburnseeds.com/do-si-dos-auto/), [Do Si Dos Fast Version](https://blimburnseeds.com/do-si-dos-fast-version/), [Wifi x Do-Si-Dos](https://blimburnseeds.com/wifi-x-do-si-dos/)
Enjoy a unique experience and buy Feminized seeds **Northern Lights x Do-Si-Dos** in our online seed bank, blimburnseeds.com.
## Northern Lights x Do-Si-Dos terpenes
**Arthritis:** The appearance of Delta 3 Carene and Linanool terpenes is a trigger for the reduction of Arthritis. When Alpha-pinene and Beta-pinene terpenes are present, it is a great ally for Arthritis, asthma and anti-inflammatory problems. It is present in Spicy, Floral, Lavender, Mint, Cinnamon, Cilantro, Woody notes and Pine.
**Depression:** The appearance of the terpenes Caryophyllene and Linanool is a trigger for the reduction of depressive symptoms. Helps to have a great day. It is present in Spicy, Peppery, Oregano, Floral, Lavender, Mint, Cinnamon and Coriander.
**Fatigue:** The feeling of fatigue is produced by two types of receptors, and the CB1 and CB2 receptors receive cannabinoids such as THC and CBD, helping the body to achieve a balance of energy and help us through the day.
Earthy
Sweet
Calming
Hungry
Sleepy
Arthritis
Depression
Fatigue
Reviews
April 4, 2025
The buds are dense, resinous, and incredibly aromatic. Fantastic strain!
Douglas
April 1, 2025
Gets a pass, but just barely makes the cut for me.
Hugh
March 29, 2025
Pretty good overall, just not my favorite effects.
Wilfried
February 27, 2025
Quick delivery
Edison
Write a review and get up to USB 0.25
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49c4fe0e-edf2-4016-b5a5-62e2e2f4738d | https://bizlife.rs/istrazivanje-u-beogradu-ljudi-najmanje-zadovoljni-kvalitetom-zivota/ | bizlife.rs | 2026-02-06T18:44:54Z | <urn:uuid:49c4fe0e-edf2-4016-b5a5-62e2e2f4738d> | <urn:uuid:db078a92-6592-447c-891b-b1a4a4db780c> | 215,757 | 2,934 | 
[Vesti dana](https://bizlife.rs/aktuelno/vesti-dana/)
autor [BIZLife](https://bizlife.rs/author/redakcija/)
[12/01/2024 | 14:50](https://bizlife.rs/2024/01/)
## Istraživanje: U Beogradu ljudi najmanje zadovoljni kvalitetom života
**Beograd je, uz Tiranu, Skoplje i Podgoricu, među deset evropskih gradova čiji su građani najmanje zadovoljni kvalitetom života, ali se poslednjih godina ipak beleži napredak, pokazalo je novo istraživanje.**
Izveštaj o kvalitetu života u evropskim gradovima u 2023, šesti po redu, obuhvata 83 grada iz EU i **[EFTA](https://www.efta.int/)**, Velike Britanije, Turske i sa Zapadnog Balkana.
Uz one sa Zapadnog Balkana, među deset gradova u kojima su ljudi najmanje zadovoljni životom u tom gradu su i Istanbul, Napulj, Atina, Palermo.. Istovremeno su kvalitom života najzadovoljniji građani Ciriha, a slede žitelji Kopenhagena, Gdanjska, Lajpciga, Stokholma, Ženeve…
Grad Cirih (Pixabay)
## Pad zadovoljstva životom
U izveštaju Evropske komisije navodi se da je od prethodnog istraživanja 2019. stepen zadovoljstva životom pao u većini gradova, što je u skladu sa očekivanjima, s obzirom na pandemiju kovida i činjenicu da oporavak još nije dostigao nivo od pre pandemije.
Pad zadovoljstva veći od tri procentna poena registrovan je u 34 od 76 gradova za koje je poređenje moguće. Najveći pad bio je u Londonu, za osam procentnih poena, a slede sa po šest poena Beč, Bolonja i Miškolc.
S druge strane, **[Beograd](https://bizlife.rs/oznaka/beograd/)** i Skoplje, koji su među deset evropskih gradova sa najmanjim nivom zadovoljstva kvalitetom života, zabeležili su najveći rast između 2019. i 2023. i smanjili jaz koji ih deli od gradova sa velikim stepenom zadovoljstva građana. U Beogradu je zabeležen rast zadovoljstva životom za šest procentnih poena a u Skoplju za četiri poena.
Skoplje, Severna Makedonija (Pixabay)
## Šta je od velikog značaja?
Evropska komesarka za koheziju i reforme Eliza Fereira napisala je u uvodu izveštaja da rezultati ukazuju da su za zadovoljstvo životom u nekom gradu ključne mogućnosti koje on pruža, posebno za **[posao](https://bizlife.rs/oznaka/posao/)**.
Prema njenim rečima, od velikog značaja su i dobre javne službe i administracija grada.
Fereira je navela i da je kvalitet života veći u malim i gradovima srednje veličine, gde se ljudi osećaju bezbednije, koji su čistiji i manje bučni.
Istraživanje za izveštaj obavljeno je između januara i aprila 2023. i obuhvatilo je više od 70.000 ljudi iz 83 evropska grada.
**Izvor:** Beta
**Foto:** Beta/AP, Pixabay |
8638ca6c-8be4-4cc6-9862-1e7845b54a79 | https://blog.ascent24.io/2021/01/12/grocery-delivery-app/ | blog.ascent24.io | 2026-02-06T18:16:14Z | <urn:uuid:8638ca6c-8be4-4cc6-9862-1e7845b54a79> | <urn:uuid:471c2b06-e30d-4419-a8d1-359716e356aa> | 100,746 | 21,719 | 
January 12, 2021
## Grocery Shopping and Delivery App – How to own one like Walmart?
- [Indu](https://blog.ascent24.io/author/hgdfvxcdsxsghajbjald/)
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**Grocery Shopping & Delivery App**
Sometimes, I wonder, ‘Is there anything we cannot buy online?’
The success of giants like Walmart, Amazon, Alibaba, and many more, internationally, changed the way people do shopping. Mobile apps and websites paved the path for many to start a business with minimal resources and sell globally. Buyers, shopping online, expect the process and progress to be simple, speedy, easy, and engaging and eCommerce retailers have got that customer-centric point and made it happen!
Technology is like a library filled with storybooks full of real-life fantasies, growth, and success. There are stories in bits and bytes, once were impossible to think, are made possible. All thanks to the knowledge and exploration technology assisted us with.
#### **And we are here to discuss the fascinating story of the Walmart Grocery Delivery App!**
On-demand needs are being taken care of by apps with the power invested in them. This is letting us live a more convenient life where we can focus more on other important works and save time, as we get the necessities delivered to our doorstep, in good quality.
All thanks to Instacart, Walmart, Amazon, and many more grocery delivery apps, gone are the days where buyers line up in stores and shop for hours. Now, because of them, buyers are able to buy groceries from multiple stores, and the best part, by comparing prices!
**Grocery Delivery apps**
Grocery Delivery apps are online portals that facilitate customers to purchase their groceries online, comfortably, at any time, using mobile apps. No more waiting in long queues for billing! No more boring surfing of the whole supermarket for a list of few groceries! Fresh, and quality grocery shopping, now made easy, at better prices, in a few clicks! You can have your fresh groceries delivered to your doorstep!
So, if you are an entrepreneur owning a physical supermarket in your locality and are looking for an easier and shorter way to reach your customers through grocery delivery apps, by adding an online grocery delivery app to your wings, trust us, “Online Grocery Delivery App” is the best feather on your wings! And we are here to modernize or strengthen that new feather with our expertise.
If you are a budding entrepreneur, entering into the business world with an “Online Delivery App”, trying to offer groceries from multiple grocery stores in your region, again, we are your perfect technology partner!
**Why to launch an Online Grocery Delivery App?**
- Owning an app, to be specific, a “Grocery Shopping & Delivery App” for your supermarket physical store, increases your sales and customer circle more than the usual.
- Coronavirus breakdown and lockdown drove many local grocery shops to vote for home delivery and thus, online grocery delivery apps have seen rapid and unexpected growth and focus.
- Lockdown has globally let people know the importance of online shopping and, in particular, grocery delivery. Digitization of grocery delivery has helped stores with customer retention and run their business successfully during the lockdown.
**Why Walmart Grocery App?**
[Walmart](https://www.walmart.com/), a US-based multinational retail corporation, is a common name in the retail industry, globally. What makes it so special? When grocery delivery started growing in a steady but rapid phase, Walmart too entered the race and launched its Walmart Grocery Delivery Service App, expanding its business among the young and new. With its extensive network of customers and sellers, Walmart once again proved that they are not wasting any opportunity to satisfy their customers!
Walmart, itself is a giant filled with experience to start a business library. And we cannot afford to miss a story from the legend on the Grocery Delivery App!
**Why does Walmart Grocery App’s business model work?**
Walmart is a common name when it comes to buying household goods, clothes, toys, groceries, and many more for decades. It’s amazing and equally mysterious how they can offer every single product available in the market!
But that alone could not be the reason, right?
According to Statistica,** [Instacart, a leader in online grocery delivery was available to 85% of households in the United States and to 70% of households in Canada](https://www.statista.com/statistics/1105206/instacart-availability-to-households-in-the-us-and-canada/). **
Yes! That’s how competitive the online grocery delivery market was during the coronavirus outbreak in 2020.
But, according to an analysis from the app intelligence firm, [App Annie](https://www.appannie.com/en/insights/market-data/walmart-grocery-takes-1-spot-in-shopping-app-downloads/), surpassing all those challenges and competitions in online shopping, surpassing Amazon by 20%, Walmart took the #1 spot, with [Walmart Grocery app, recording all-time hig](https://play.google.com/store/apps/details?id=com.walmart.inhome&hl=en&gl=US)h downloads.
This shows the fame, respect, and trust Walmart has achieved through its customer services and also the power of customer retention they have earned.
## **Build your Grocery Shopping & Delivery App**
**Why to develop your own app from core?**
Before detailing what and how we offer, it’s important for you, as a business owner, to know why you need an app developed from the core.
- App or website, selling online helps you sell more.
- Apps help you reach more customers.
- Developing apps from the core helps you develop your app in the way you would like your customers to be reminded of your brand.
- Apps and websites help you own your valuable customer data!
- Owning an app helps you build brand loyalty
- Owing an app or website for your grocery business encourages customers to return to your physical supermarket or store.
- Owning an online grocery app or website helps in customer retention.
- No extra marketing and branding expenses required. You can do them all in your online grocery app and website.
- Grocery Apps and websites help you track progress and performance.
- Your business is in your hands!
**What do we offer?**
**We offer everything you need to run your grocery delivery app, efficient and effective like Walmart!**
Online Grocery Shopping and Delivery App is an opportunity to succeed as an individual and also as a team. We, Ascent24 Technologies, are experts in developing apps which suit both the portfolio.
1. A Grocery Delivery App, exclusively, for you to sell only the groceries and other products you sell in your physical supermarket or store.
2. A Grocery Delivery App started in collaboration with other available grocery stores in your region, and opt for a joint-delivery.
Irrespective of your choice of doing business in developing a Grocery Delivery App, we are here with our expertise in technology to assist you.
Which app suits you business model, BEST? Let us know!
**Customer Shopping App**
**“Better Shopping Experience”**
Is there anything else you wish to provide to your customer?
Our Grocery Delivery App, like Walmart, makes sure to showcase what you are selling. With our expertise in developing projects for eCommerce apps of various businesses, aware of the pain points of both the customers and the sellers, we make sure our grocery delivery app supports both the sellers and buyers, to have a better shopping experience, extensively!
- **Modern UI/UX – **What use is an app if it’s not going to be user friendly? Our grocery delivery app is filled with a simple, attractive, and design-driven User Interface for a better user experience, end-to-end!
- **Dashboard –** Aimed to assist customers with useful, important, and most-needed content like offers, banners, upcoming deals, recent purchases, views, and frequent purchases.
- **Search, Filter & Categories** – Superfast search engine assisting in returning accurate content and recommend similar products with more deals.
- **Personalized Settings – **Every customer is special and important. And to make sure customers recognize this, we entrust your grocery delivery app with personalized settings like “Your Recommendations, Your Frequents, Your Shopping List, Buy Again List, Your Wishlist, Membership & Subscriptions, etc.
- **Secured Payment & Easy Checkout** – Basic login and general settings alongside simple, seamless, and secured multiple payment gateway integrations to let customers pay as per their convenience.
- **Multiple & Scheduled Delivery** – We understand customer’s pain points. Firstly, our app supports customers to schedule the date and time of delivery, as per their convenience. Secondly, our app supports “Multiple Address Delivery”, supporting customers to purchase for family and friends!
- **Orders & Tracking** – From picking what to buy, payment, tracking orders status, to proof of delivery, from order cancellation to hassle-free return policy, from delivery boy’s details and contact number to pick-up time slot, and more, customers get notified of every single step.
- **Push Notifications –** Use push notifications to inform customers about offers, upcoming deals, and new arrivals. Reaching your customers through notifications, to their inbox, promotes your customers to stay updated on your inventory and also, motivates them to visit your physical supermarket if you own one! Customer Retention is never a stressful job!
- **Reviews, Ratings & Responsive In-app Chat** – Succeeding in business and growing to be more customer-friendly involves only one step: ***Listen to your customers!*** Our grocery delivery app ensures you stay on track and be connected with your customers. Be it product quality or service, Delivery boy rating or timing, support or help, we make sure you are available for them to listen.
- **Guest Checkout & Profile **– Social Media, Gmail or Phone Number login/sign up, Multiple addresses for delivery, user profile management, and secured data encryption in saving customer details and card details, you name it, we help you have every detail secured! The app also supports guest checkout.
Our customer-centric eCommerce app is a feature enriched app, to boost your business!
For more details on our customer-centric app details, refer to our previous article,** “**[How to build a customer-centric eCommerce App for your store?](https://blog.ascent24.io/2020/11/23/build-ecommerce-app/)**”**
**Delivery Team App**
**Our Grocery Delivery App helps you in doing business professionally, like a Pro!**
For your Grocery Delivery App to be successful, your app has to be tech-driven so that your delivery team can be precise and speedy in delivering the orders on time.
- **UI/UX & Dashboard** – A user-friendly and user interactive app helping Delivery boys with hassle-free delivering and picking of orders. Interactive dashboard displaying their performance, earnings, and availability.
- **Availability – **Delivery boys can inform their availability online / offline from the app.
- **Profile Management –** An encrypted profile to save details of the Delivery boy along with documents like Driving License and other required documents.
- **Speedy Notifications –** Delivery boys are informed about their next pickup instantly via the app and message notification, helping in saving time and timely delivery.
- **Route Optimization** – Delivery boys are shared address details along with a map with the shortest routes, to support safe and timely delivery.
- **Delivery Boy Tracking** – Admin can track the location of the delivery boy from their store, along with geo coordinates.
- **Delivery Status –** Delivery boys can update the status of order delivery via the app.
- **Payment** – In the case of COD or mobile wallets, delivery boys can accept payment and enter it into the app before changing the delivery status to “Delivered”.
- **Delivery Proof –** Getting digital signatures from the person to whom the order was delivered, adding image proofs in case of wrong delivery, timestamps to acknowledge timely delivery, the app is filled with app forms of delivery proof.
- **Reports –** Delivery boys can track their performance with reports on their earnings and deliveries done, on a daily, or weekly, or monthly basis.
**Admin Portal**
**Manage your business with your smartphone!**
The **“All-seeing Eye!”** to handle all-in-one and run your business, all-as-one. The primary app to boost your sales and run your business fresh and perfect.
- **UI/UX & Dashboard – **A simple and user-friendly dashboard to track the progress of your business and app. One look at your dashboard and you can work on “What to do next?”
- **Real-time Tracking – **Stay updated on the delivery team, orders, inventory, and customer feedback. What better way to stay connected with your business flow if you can have an app to track every single step of it.
- **Inventory Management –** A simple platform to add, manage, and track the availability status of every product added to the inventory. A ‘one-click’ action call, to add or remove a product to the inventory or from the display as per the availability.
- **Branding & Marketing –** From creating banners to setting up deals and offers, branding your business is now simple and cheap. Branding your business by notifying customers of upcoming deals and discounts ensures customer retention!
- **Pricing, Coupons & Discounts –** Creating and sharing discounts and coupons to customers increase customer loyalty and in turn, customer retention, and more sales!
- **Order & Return Management – **Managing orders, returns, and cancellations, tracking refunds and return of groceries.
- **Catalogue Management – **Categorize every single process of order delivery and track the progress level in each stage. Categorize and customize inventory, payment gateways, order, delivery team, tracking, delivery status, and availability.
- **Cloud & Customer Data Management – **Be it managing the data of your customers in encrypted form, your app’s performance data, and cloud storage, we ensure the safe and secured cloud support to run, upgrade, modernize, and scale your Grocery Delivery App, in the near future.
- **Data Analytics & Reports – **Monitoring every single step of your business workflow is also stored in form of analytics and reports. Managing the daily reports on earnings, deliveries, orders, and delays are the roots to let you know how your business is doing and look for ways on how to improve your business.
**Project Timeline & Pricing**
Our pre-designed Grocery Delivery app makes it super simple for you to launch your own grocery delivery app on the app stores (iOS and Android), in a day!
Would you like us to create and build a grocery delivery app enriched with your unique ideas, strategies, and meets your requirements? We will make it easier for you!
A fully customized Grocery Delivery App, exclusively designed in a unique way, just like you wished it to be!
Develop with us or let us modernize your existing grocery delivery app to the recent trend!
**How our Grocery Delivery App will empower your business?**
With Ascent24 Technologies, developing a grocery shopping and delivery app or website is easier, simpler, and comfortable.
Everything you need from growing your business to running your business using a smartphone, our app is enriched with built-in features to boost your business and grow!
Technology has transformed the way we do business and reach customers. Every single action can be done with your smartphone.
Our Grocery Delivery App for your business is a well-polished product from us which assists you in boosting your business.
- **Simple & Superfast** **Connectivity!** Delivery Team’s App, Customer’s App, Manager Portal all are designed so that the UI/UX is simpler and easier to use. In addition to being user-friendly, the app assures to work better in a lesser net connectivity range, helping delivery boys with timely delivery of orders.
- **Better Shopping Experience!** Our Groceries Delivery App helps you to sell your groceries and products in a user-friendly catalog, in turn, helping your customers to select and make purchases in less time. Better shopping experience supports customer retention!
- **Wider Audience! **Building a strong trust in your customers helps in creating a brand in your locality, in turn, adding more customers to your physical supermarket or store.
- **Seamless Tracking!** Our grocery delivery app assists you in tracking drivers and deliveries.
- **Categorization!** Categorizing products and groceries like arranging groceries on shelves, apps help in easy inventory management and helps in running your business effortlessly.
- **Scalable!** If you wish to add more products to your inventory, if you would like to cover nearby localities, our grocery delivery app is all easy and simple to be upgraded and supports unlimited scalability.
- **Aftercare Services! **Ascent24 Technologies ensures to assist you in making sure your app works fresh, smooth, and perfect even after launch. We’re there in every single step to ensure the smooth sailing of your grocery delivery app.
- **Maintenance!** We maintain your grocery delivery app and keep track of its performance and quality.
**Wrapping**
Internet and online shopping have made buying and selling easier and comfortable. Especially with the support of smartphones!
[Ascent24 Technologies](https://blog.ascent24.io/)**, your one-stop destination in developing and modernizing online grocery delivery mobile apps and websites, ensures to provide only the best digital solutions to boost your business!**
Like to try a demo? Book a consultation with us!
Planning to launch your grocery delivery app with our ready-to-implement app?
**Happy Selling and Happy Delivering!**🎇
[ascent24 technologies](https://blog.ascent24.io/tag/ascent24-technologies/), [grocery delivery app](https://blog.ascent24.io/tag/grocery-delivery-app/), [grocery shopping and delivery app](https://blog.ascent24.io/tag/grocery-shopping-and-delivery-app/), [online grocery delivery](https://blog.ascent24.io/tag/online-grocery-delivery/)
[Previous post
Amazon-like Multi-store Website: How to build a creative eCommerce website](https://blog.ascent24.io/2020/12/18/amazon-like-website/)
[Next post
Restaurant Reservation App – How to own one for your Restaurant?](https://blog.ascent24.io/2021/01/23/restaurant-reservation-app/) |
cccacd8f-cb65-40eb-aa47-769938b579e2 | https://blog.cleeng.com/cleeng-recurly-chargebee-paddle-which-platforms-wins-at-global-subscription-payments | blog.cleeng.com | 2026-02-06T18:41:12Z | <urn:uuid:cccacd8f-cb65-40eb-aa47-769938b579e2> | <urn:uuid:238bf406-ca10-4ed8-81f0-4a9a2e9b0886> | 95,148 | 18,528 | # Global Payment Platforms for D2C Apps: Comparing Cleeng, Recurly, Chargebee & Paddle
Kamila Palka | Wed Jun 25 2025 | [Payments, Tax & Compliance](https://blog.cleeng.com/tag/payments-tax-compliance), [Platform Infrastructure](https://blog.cleeng.com/tag/platform-infrastructure)
The direct-to-consumer subscription model has taken the world by storm. Industries like fitness, e-learning, and digital media are tapping into the growing trend, as **recurring revenue** and high[customer engagement](https://blog.cleeng.com/quality-of-experience-grow-subscriber-engagement-and-satisfaction) make it a winning strategy. For businesses aiming to scale internationally, subscriptions are becoming a go-to growth tactic.
But taking a D2C subscription business global introduces complexity. Payment localization, compliance, integrations, and success rate optimization are all key to success. However, **international payments** are often an overlooked factor, which can make or break a subscription business.
In this article, we compare leading platforms–Cleeng, Recurly, Chargebee, and Paddle–to check which is the best payment platform for D2C apps.
[What D2C subscription apps need in a payment platform](#needs)
[1) Localized payment methods for global expansion](#localized-payments)
[2) Payment success optimization and retention](#payment-success-optimization)
[3) Integration flexibility and developer experience](#integration)
[4) Compliance and tax management](#compliance)
[5) Multi-channel billing support](#multi-channel)
[6) Subscriber lifecycle management](#lifecycle)
[Fit for D2C Subscription Apps](#fit)
[Why Cleeng stands out for global D2C subscription growth](#why-cleeng-stands-out)
[Your next step: Picking a global payments partner](#next-step)
## **What D2C subscription apps need in a payment platform **
Choosing a payment platform for a growing D2C business is about more than just picking a billing service. Subscription businesses require robust solutions** **that handle unique challenges, including:
-
Local payment methods to accommodate customer preferences.
-
Payment success optimization to [reduce involuntary churn](https://blog.cleeng.com/involuntary-churn-how-to-prevent-lost-revenue-from-failed-subscription-payments).
-
Low engineering complexity through custom integration capabilities.
-
[Merchant of Record](https://blog.cleeng.com/what-is-a-merchant-of-record-how-it-simplifies-subscription-payments) (MoR) options to offload compliance and tax burdens.
-
Fast market entry with regulatory and tax compliance baked in.
-
Global payment providers that can scale seamlessly across regions.
Although there are many platforms offering [subscription management solutions](https://cleeng.com/subscriber-management-system), not all of them address these payments equally. Below, we take a look at how Cleeng, Recurly, Paddle, and Chargebee perform when it comes to global payments.
## **Comparing the leading platforms: Key capabilities**
### **1. Localized payment methods for global expansion**
Expanding into new regions requires more than just translations and currency conversions; it demands seamless, localized payment experiences. In fact, [98% of consumers](https://www.worldpay.com/en/insights/articles/cross-border-e-commerce-growth-during-the-pandemic) prefer to browse and pay in their local currency when given the option.
That’s why D2C brands need flexible support for options like** **GCash, Bizum, or AliPay, beyond standard cards and PayPal. Without this, potential subscribers drop off at checkout.
Cleeng’s payment orchestration supports over 200 payment methods, 37 currencies, and 50+ gateways in 230+ territories. This gives teams flexibility and reach as they expand.
Recurly supports a wide range of currencies and major gateways, making it a strong choice for businesses with broad international ambitions. Its coverage of region-specific methods is more limited, but it excels in currency and gateway breadth.
Chargebee integrates well with cards and digital wallets and is a solid fit for SaaS brands. However, D2C brands needing fast-growing payment options may find its coverage patchy.
Paddle simplifies operations with a unified gateway, which is ideal for teams wanting simplicity over flexibility. However, it doesn’t integrate with third-party processors, so it’s less suited for businesses looking to choose which payment gateways to use or routing transactions dynamically.
For subscription businesses entering new markets, localized payment flexibility is no longer optional. If your priority is broad local payment coverage, Cleeng’s orchestration is the most flexible.
| Feature | Cleeng | Recurly | Chargebee | Paddle |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| Payment methods | 200+ | 30+ | 30+ | 10+ |
| Gateway support | 50+ | 20+ | 30+ | Provides the routing logic to several gateways |
| Currencies | 37+ | 140 | 100+ | 30+ |
Learn more about [local payment methods](https://blog.cleeng.com/local-payment-methods-for-global-subscription-growth) and why they matter.
### 2. Payment success optimization and retention
Optimizing payment success is vital for subscription businesses to retain happy customers; few things are more frustrating than losing satisfied subscribers to payment issues.
Cleeng offers advanced payment orchestration with features like:
-
Dynamic PSP selection for optimal payment routing
-
A/B testing of payment flows to identify best-performing options
-
Intelligent routing to reduce payment failures
-
Customizable dunning settings for automated retries
-
Local payment gateway integrations for seamless international transactions
These strategies allow subscription businesses to boost transaction success rates, for both initial and recurring payments. By reducing payment failures and minimizing involuntary churn, Cleeng ensures a smoother experience for both businesses and their customers, as well as increased retention rates, which directly impact the bottom line. This is all powered by strategic partnerships with industry leaders like [Primer](https://primer.io/blog/cleeng-and-primer-streamline-subscription-payments-for-d2c), Adyen, and Checkout.com.
Beyond orchestration, some teams address retention upstream with a third‑party commerce platform focused on conversion and ownership – for cases where MoR isn’t the target model (e.g., [Easytools](https://www.easy.tools/?utm_source=cleeng&utm_medium=referral&utm_campaign=platforms_comparison)).
Recurly and Chargebee excel in subscription management and recurring billing, providing robust integrations with a variety of payment service providers (PSPs). They offer reliable tools for managing subscriptions and billing cycles, making them strong choices for businesses focused on these areas. However, they do not offer the full capabilities of a dedicated payment orchestration platform, which dynamically optimizes transactions in real time across multiple PSPs. In simple terms, this means you won’t be able to automatically route a failed transaction to another provider that might succeed, potentially missing out on thousands of successful payments each month.
Paddle stands out with its all-in-one platform approach, combining payment processing, subscription management, and compliance features. It is particularly strong in handling global payments and VAT compliance, making it a good option for businesses expanding internationally. Nevertheless, Paddle does not provide the same level of dynamic PSP selection, intelligent routing, or real-time optimization that other platforms like Cleeng offer.
Cleeng sets itself apart by focusing on subscriber retention through advanced payment optimization tools.
### 3. Integration flexibility and developer experience
The ability to quickly adapt payment workflows and integrate with preferred partners is crucial for subscription businesses looking to scale globally. As companies scale or enter new regions, they often encounter unique regulatory, customer, and operational requirements. Flexible payment solutions allow businesses to:
-
Rapidly integrate new payment service providers (PSPs)
-
Customize payment flows** **to suit specific business models or customer journeys
-
Respond quickly to market changes, such as new payment trends or compliance needs
Cleeng’s** **API-first architecture combines flexibility with speed. Whether you're a lean team launching fast or a global brand scaling complexity, Cleeng makes it easy to integrate new PSPs and tailor payment flows to your needs. With low-code options, clear documentation, and sandbox environments, teams can launch quickly while keeping full control to optimize over time.
Recurly offers robust APIs and supports over 20 gateways. It’s user-friendly and great for businesses wanting quick integrations with popular gateways, though it’s less flexible for custom or emerging payment methods, such as Pix in Brazil or GCash in Southeast Asia–both of which are growing rapidly but aren’t natively supported by Recurly.
Chargebee provides deep out-of-the-box integrations and a no-code product catalog. It’s ideal for teams who want to get started quickly with minimal coding. However, its simplicity comes at the cost of flexibility–it can be limiting for businesses that want to support newer payment methods or optimize payment performance beyond basic retries.
Paddle is the simplest for businesses that want to avoid technical complexity, but its developer options are limited. Businesses must adapt to Paddle’s flows rather than build their own. For example, Paddle controls how checkout pages look and behave, meaning you can’t fully tailor the experience to match your app’s brand or user journey.
| Feature | Cleeng | Recurly | Chargebee | Paddle |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| Rapid PSP integration | Yes | Limited | Limited | No |
| Customizable payment flows | Yes | Limited | Limited | No |
| Developer tools & API coverage | Extensive | Robust | Robust | Moderate |
| Tailored solutions for local markets | Yes | Partially | Partially | Limited |
| Response to Market Changes | Fast | Moderate | Moderate | Slow |
| Sandbox & SDK Support | Yes | Yes | Yes | Limited |
TL;DR - Cleeng is best for teams needing flexibility and rapid adaptation. Recurly and Chargebee are ideal for those who want robust, straightforward integrations without heavy customization.
### 4. Compliance and tax management
Understanding the difference between a Merchant of Record vs payment processor is essential for D2C platforms to effectively manage compliance and tax requirements.
Managing compliance, taxes, and fraud prevention internally can be costly and time-consuming, especially for subscription apps looking to expand globally. By outsourcing these tasks, you not only save valuable time and resources but also eliminate the burden of managing payments and the liabilities that come with them.
Cleeng’s [Merchant of Record](https://blog.cleeng.com/what-is-a-merchant-of-record-how-it-simplifies-subscription-payments) model manages taxes, [fraud prevention](/payment-fraud-detection-prevention), and compliance in over 13,000 jurisdictions. Integrations like Avalara help D2C brands operate smoothly, even in complex regions. Learn more about [tax calculation, collection, and remittance for digital subscriptions](/tax-calculation-collection-remittance-for-d2c-digital-subscriptions-guide).
Recurly and Chargebee** **don’t provide native MoR capabilities. Subscription businesses using these platforms remain responsible for tax compliance, fraud management, and regulatory obligations themselves. This often necessitates additional solutions or partnerships to address these critical areas, adding complexity and operational overhead for companies seeking global expansion.
Paddle also offers MoR functionality and is well-regarded for SaaS and software businesses. It’s a strong choice for companies wanting to fully outsource compliance, though it provides less control over payment stack customization, such as integrating custom fraud tools or routing transactions through different gateways.
For full-service compliance, Cleeng and Paddle both excel. Recurly and Chargebee are better for businesses that want more control and are willing to manage compliance directly.
### 5. Multi-channel billing support
Today’s audiences expect to subscribe and manage their accounts across web, mobile, and [Connected TVs](https://blog.cleeng.com/connected-tv-billing-how-to-reduce-churn-stay-ahead-in-the-ctv-market) (CTV).
Cleeng [unifies billing across web, mobile, and CTV](https://blog.cleeng.com/multi-channel-billing-digital-subscriptions), making it easy to manage offers and renewals from one platform. This is essential for brands delivering content on multiple devices.
Recurly and Chargebee** **offer multi-channel billing capabilities but often require additional configuration or integrations to unify payments across web, mobile apps, and connected devices. For example, setting up a separate billing logic for Apple/Google in-app purchases or building connectors to sync offers and entitlements across CTV platforms. Their solutions tend to be a bit more fragmented, which can complicate delivering a seamless subscriber experience across channels.
Paddle focuses primarily on web and app, lacking the deep CTV and OTT integrations that set Cleeng apart. This limits its ability to support the full range of channels that modern subscription businesses rely on.
### 6. Subscriber lifecycle management
Subscriber retention is the backbone of any subscription business.
Cleeng’s [SRM® suite](https://cleeng.com/srm-solutions) centralizes the entire subscriber lifecycle, from acquisition to retention and [win-backs](https://blog.cleeng.com/how-to-win-back-lost-subscribers-campaign-examples-and-strategies). Automated dunning management is built-in, with customizable retry logic and targeted communication to [recover failed payments](/payment-recovery-strategy-dunning-settings) and reduce involuntary churn. Combined with AI-driven churn prediction and retention campaigns, as well as customer support solutions, Cleeng empowers brands to maximize lifetime value.
Recurly, Chargebee, and Paddle all offer dunning and basic lifecycle management. Recurly stands out for its analytics, which are especially valuable for B2B SaaS companies.
Learn about the [benefits of opting for an integrated retention management solution](https://blog.cleeng.com/benefits-of-integrated-retention-management-system).
## **Fit for D2C subscription apps **
Not sure which payment platform works best for subscription businesses?
Cleeng is purpose-built for [D2C subscription businesses](/d2c-subscription-model-how-to-build-a-future-proof-subscription-platform), excelling in multi-device billing and complex D2C workflows. Recurly and Chargebee are better suited for B2B SaaS and straightforward e-commerce. Paddle is ideal for SaaS companies wanting simplicity and compliance handled out of the box.
## **Why Cleeng stands out for global D2C subscription growth **
Unlike general-purpose billing platforms, Cleeng is purpose-built for consumer-focused subscription apps across industries like streaming, wellness, and e-learning.
What sets it apart?
-
Tailored for multi-device experiences
Cleeng supports seamless billing across web, mobile, and connected TV—crucial for engaging subscribers across platforms.
-
Optimized for retention-first growth
With built-in churn prediction, dunning, and lifecycle management via the SRM® suite, Cleeng is specialized in helping brands grow subscriber lifetime value.
-
Design for global payments
Cleeng’s built-in MoR model and smart payment orchestration ensure high success rates and full compliance worldwide.
-
Built for speed and flexibility
Open APIs, fast onboarding of custom PSPs, and deep localization allow businesses to launch and scale quickly, without vendor lock-in.
Where Recurly and Chargebee excel at managing SaaS-style billing workflows, Cleeng is focused entirely on the growth needs of modern D2C subscription brands.
Ready more about [Cleeng vs Recurly](https://cleeng.com/cleeng-vs-recurly).
## **Your next step: Picking a global payments partner **
Global growth comes with complexity. For subscription apps, addressing payment needs proactively can mean the difference between thriving and stagnating.
Choosing a platform purpose-built for scalability, flexibility, and consumer-centric workflows ensures your business is equipped to compete in 2025 and beyond.
Discover how Cleeng’s payment orchestration tools can simplify operations and drive global success. [Contact us](https://cleeng.com/contact) today for more information or see our Merchant demo.
[](/hs/cta/wi/redirect?encryptedPayload=AVxigLKChZQfWqvnkYkg8XfjUrg7SLW%2BRoyXXTikIP7xbzoWSjJdhZWmitFFHyEJzWt5sk99LpPM01T%2FfS0xVYaekTdfecyd71HDpGJfm2bgkfxRKzNNtes8S%2B8GW3SklnSuGt7It8UnsR7iYrfPQmsA9gZ5D80J79CIdD62BJv%2Bz9x%2FH01YdhJJvRWG%2FHL9i2cvnZAYIpNKf1slKdifjU8vKMKs96%2BUgZRyUuE6jTHeA2OAhUiqj0MAYW9ALZZHzMhp7yGVbKAnAa5SN8W4m1KBypNlh98NbZYpqtJEccqC8RfJLNDC5d%2BGaLaFtcYvcmeXEDdm1tWtfUmCry40%2Be3%2BdRO2v1QwQmP5ecldbmfJrj9UGgdkL6MgDpfXGoN8HC8%2FfQp1rw%3D%3D&webInteractiveContentId=188365659714&portalId=5813983) |
d0e0c131-1114-46e7-b907-5c7ff9c66757 | https://blog.corporacionbi.com/bi-vienda-en-linea-banco-industrial/vivienda-ideal/proyectos/meraki/s60/solicita-tu-credito-general | blog.corporacionbi.com | 2026-02-06T20:03:58Z | <urn:uuid:d0e0c131-1114-46e7-b907-5c7ff9c66757> | <urn:uuid:7a51ff73-e6ae-4f02-8c60-83b2789b2b00> | 39,584 | 221 | # Gracias por tu visita
### Uno de nuestros asesores se estará comunicando contigo.
[COTIZA OTRAS VIVIENDAS](https://blog.corporacionbi.com/bi-vienda-en-linea-banco-industrial?hsLang=es-gt)
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2edbc286-3ddd-42f1-ba02-e742f962892b | https://blog.crownworkforcemanagement.com/assuring-you-have-a-winning-team-in-this-world-cup-0 | blog.crownworkforcemanagement.com | 2026-02-06T18:47:14Z | <urn:uuid:2edbc286-3ddd-42f1-ba02-e742f962892b> | <urn:uuid:f31b4efa-055e-493f-8326-28abe88a88ef> | 83,966 | 9,803 | # Assuring you have a winning team in this world cup!
Depending on when you read this the FIFA World Cup is either about to start in Qatar, or has already begun, and your team is doing well or on the verge of being knocked out! But, as ever with holiday seasons, national holidays, major sporting, and other significant events, these can have a disruptive effect on attendance for many businesses. Employee absence is a fact of life for all organisations - but what can sometimes feel like a small issue has the potential to snowball into much bigger problems without proper management and can prove to be especially tricky in such times where these abstraction levels may be higher than the norm. A lack of visibility over the true scale of absenteeism in your team can quickly become dangerous, cutting into operational efficiency and the bottom line while putting more strain on the rest of the workforce.
**Players are under contract
**When employees join an organisation they agree to work to a contract of employment, which commits them to make themselves available for work at the times specified within their contract. Irrespective of national events, such as the world cup, they commit to make every effort to present themselves in a state such that they are able to work *(watch out for overindulgent celebrations!)*.
**Use all tactics available****
**All organisations should have a clearly defined absence policy, the ultimate goal of which is to keep unplanned absence to an absolute minimum *(Try to avoid last minute substitutions!)*. This should range from return-to-work protocols, to defined disciplinary procedures, to proactive measures to keep absence rates down (e.g., the offer of flexible working arrangements).
Use as many options as you can to fit with requirements, remind employees that they have the option to take annual leave. When time off is planned in advance it gives planners a better opportunity to adjust schedules and manage tasks more smoothly *(and put the best team out from the players available!)*.
Having the right software solution in place is crucial. The best workforce management systems give organisations the visibility and control they need while making sure absence policies are upheld.
Ultimately, there are a few major areas for businesses to target in order to reduce absences and mitigate the impact of absences that can’t be avoided:
- Identifying suspicious patterns of absence that may indicate staff are “gaming” the system (see the timetable below)
- Following up on every instance of absence to gain as much information as possible
- Accurately recording absences to reduce payroll error
- Rearranging shift patterns and work schedules quickly to accommodate for absent staff
- Creating a working environment where illegitimate absences are less likely to occur
- Being consistent. If you let the odd “sickie” go this could make it difficult to meaningfully enforce any action or sanctions on future occasions or to others.
**For good morale**, organisations may want to provide every opportunity to allow those that wish to, to follow their team, but they will also want to remain productive to agreed service levels.
It may be possible, depending on operational requirements, to screen key matches in the workplace or by radio during working hours, or have enhanced flexibility for employees to take a break from work and watch a match and then be required to make up lost time.
**A planned approach is the best option.** England and Wales group fixtures (and possible following games, fingers crossed!) are shown below. However, you may need further understanding and monitoring of other teams given the wide multinational makeup of the UK workforce who could support other teams. Also, whatever your approach, the last point of being consistent must be adhered to, for fairness and equality. This means avoiding discrimination, especially after the recent success of the Lionesses in the Euros.
### **How can a strong time and attendance system help?**
*(Helping the players, managers, trainers, and the backroom staff!)*
A robust time and attendance solution, that feeds into a wider workforce management system, can provide organisations with a crucial edge. Good absence management is all about having the right processes in place and the visibility required to truly keep track of absenteeism in your organisation. Time and attendance systems can make a massive difference in both regards. It’s also important to recognise that to realise the true potential of time and attendance solutions for tackling absenteeism, utilising other aspects of a strong workforce management system is also key.
Here are some of the ways a high quality time and attendance system can be used to get a true handle on absence management.
### Automate clocking for a more accurate payroll
*(A good referee**!)*
With a large proportion of organisations still relying on pen and paper timesheets to track time and attendance, errors and miscalculations are a common theme. What’s more, this way of working can lead to duplicated data, and a whole load of confusion when it comes to calculating real hours worked.
A strong time and attendance solution captures data once and at source, feeding directly into the wider workforce management system. This gives organisations the most accurate view of time worked and allows them to flag up absences instantly. It ensures a more accurate payroll - where absent staff can be deducted pay if required by company rules. This also has the benefit of ensuring overtime pay is truly accurate, cutting down on wastage and creating a fair environment for all workers.
### Spot patterns and predict trends
*.jpg?width=91&height=182&name=EB%20Garamond%20Medium%20(1).jpg)*
*(To prevent **RED** cards!)*
With all time and attendance information stored to a central database, organisations have the opportunity to analyse absences in a new level of detail. By systematically comparing the hours worked by all staff to expected work patterns, any concerning absence trends can quickly be identified. Whereas before, a string of unexpected absences from a single employee may have gone unnoticed, time and attendance systems automatically notify managers of unusual trends for further investigation which could be directly compared with match fixtures.
In an integrated workforce management system, time and attendance data automatically populates [analytics dashboards](https://crownworkforcemanagement.com/features/advanced-analytics/?hsLang=en) - giving managers a top-line overview of absence on a departmental, divisional and individual level.
### Smart scheduling
*(Recognising team and strategic requirements to avoid penalty shootouts!)*
Workforce management systems can bring an end to endless spreadsheets and siloed data, meaning information can flow freely into [rostering and scheduling](https://crownworkforcemanagement.com/features/rostering-and-resource-scheduling/?hsLang=en). The wealth of data stored is highly valuable for predicting future patterns of absence. For instance, staff are statistically more likely to be off sick during winter months, and more likely to take their holidays in the summer months. Obviously, the table shown above of match fixtures may be useful here. Managers are therefore able to schedule into the future more confidently, armed with reliable data on expected attendance levels.
Time and attendance data also helps readjust schedules seamlessly at short notice in the event of unexpected absences.
### Incorporate defined rules
*(Understanding the offside rule and more!)*
A full workforce management system allows the setting of unlimited numbers of rules to help uphold absence policies, helping to investigate absences and discourage future absenteeism. Time and attendance data acts as the ‘fuel’ that helps organisations keep across absences and correctly enforce processes.
Logic can be established to automatically:
- Notify managers of suspicious patterns of absence
- Trigger the return-to-work process when a staff member returns from a period of absence
- Open disciplinary procedures based on attendance patterns (i.e., persistent lateness)
### **Drive down absences with Time and Attendance from Crown**
***(****The**** winning strategy!)***
[Crown Workforce Management’s Time and Attendance](https://crownworkforcemanagement.com/features/time-and-attendance/?hsLang=en) capabilities form the backbone of our workforce management system. Crown allows organisations to capture unprecedented levels of information about the real hours staff work through a range of input devices. This data can be used for detailed analysis of staff attendance and efficiency, to inform the most intelligent future schedules, to ensure more efficient and accurate payroll processing and much more.
>
**To learn how Crown could help your organisation to progress in this competitive world by cutting absenteeism and unnecessary costs, [get in touch with one of our specialists (pundits!) today](https://crownworkforcemanagement.com/speak-to-a-specialist/?hsLang=en).**
 |
cd275642-1a4c-464e-8e01-ddc6f3ed0539 | https://blog.csdn.net/2401_83736214 | blog.csdn.net | 2026-02-06T19:04:02Z | <urn:uuid:cd275642-1a4c-464e-8e01-ddc6f3ed0539> | <urn:uuid:9045e294-cd0d-407e-9091-7a0384b9c53f> | 27,882 | 2,964 | 排序：
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EE308FZ_Beta Spring_Beta Sprint Summary Essay](https://blog.csdn.net/2401_83736214/article/details/156573086)
简单难度渐入速度变慢，判定变宽，上手难度降低；管理员通过专用账号登录后台管理界面，可以查看系统内的全部帖子信息，包括普通用户无法操作的内容。同时，渐入速度和判定在难度系数较高的谱面中渐入速度更快且判定要求更为严格，增加游戏的学习曲线，让游戏后期更有挑战性。增加歌曲筛选功能和打击偏差设置功能，用户可以根据实际情况调整打击偏差，同时用户可以筛选适合自身游玩的难度。在视频中，首先演示了普通用户登录系统后的帖子管理流程，用户可以在帖子列表中对自己发布的帖子执行删除操作。选歌界面的BPM，难度，offset测试。
2026-01-05 20:03:16 1002
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EE308FZ_Fifth Assignment_Sprint Summary Essay](https://blog.csdn.net/2401_83736214/article/details/156162877)
测试人员刘浩然和李家锐并非等待所有功能完成，而是针对开发中的模块及时跟进。当吴铮完成论坛功能的后端接口，相应的测试用例和验证就已同步准备，发现问题立即在GitHub上记录，可以快速定位和修复。
2025-12-23 16:23:23 993
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2501_MU_SE_FZU Extreme Programming_Upgraded contacts](https://blog.csdn.net/2401_83736214/article/details/155789590)
【代码】2501_MU_SE_FZU Extreme Programming_Upgraded contacts。
2025-12-12 14:12:30 862 1
#### [原创
2501_MU_SE_FZU 第一次作业：前后端分离通讯录编程](https://blog.csdn.net/2401_83736214/article/details/154459016)
When we want to modify the contact information, select the contact to be modified on the left side of the page, taking ‘王五(Wangwu)’ as an example.
2025-11-06 16:44:41 1009 3
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## |
865a964c-7db4-4daf-b601-b0cd0f54d0ed | https://blog.difflearn.com/2025/03/07/securing-assent-in-aba-therapy/ | blog.difflearn.com | 2026-02-06T19:05:52Z | <urn:uuid:865a964c-7db4-4daf-b601-b0cd0f54d0ed> | <urn:uuid:153d4f2d-b678-4da6-8b2a-8d30e28f6251> | 151,252 | 8,784 | 
*By Ashleigh Evans, MS, BCBA*
Have you ever been in an uncomfortable situation? Were you able to freely leave or voice your concerns and have them respected? Imagine being unable to communicate your discomfort or disagreement with the situation while being forced to stay. That is the reality many autistic children experience in school, therapy, and other areas of their lives. Gaining assent is critical to allow our learners to have a voice in their treatment. Let’s explore what assent is and consider some strategies to establish assent-based care.
## Assent Versus Consent: What is the Difference?
First up–what distinguishes assent from consent? **Consent** is a term that refers to a client (if legally capable) or their parent or legal guardian agreeing to a treatment based on a comprehensive understanding of the intervention’s purpose, benefits, and risks. To provide consent, one must be legally capable of making these decisions. Children (and many adults with special needs) cannot legally provide consent.
Assent, on the other hand, is not a legal term. **Assent** refers to the client demonstrating signs of agreement or willingness to participate in treatment. Even if they cannot legally approve or deny therapies, every learner can express their preferences and willingness to engage in therapeutic activities.
## What is the Significance of Assent?
Acknowledging and respecting assent and assent withdrawal demonstrates an upholding of client dignity, one of the four core principles outlined in the Ethics Code for Behavior Analysts. Gaining client assent in ABA is one component of what many refer to as “Today’s ABA,” a more compassionate approach to behavioral treatment. In the most recent update to the Ethics Code, assent is included as an ethical requirement, under section 2.11. Therefore, behavior analysts should not only understand what assent is but also actively empower their learners through assent-based practices. By doing so, they can create an environment where clients feel safe, valued, and motivated to learn.
## What are the Signs of Assent and Assent Withdrawal?
Behavior Technicians and Behavior Analysts should watch for indications of assent and assent withdrawal. Signs of assent may be vocal, such as the learner making affirmative statements (e.g., “I’m having fun!”). They may also be non-vocal, such as eagerly approaching the therapist and actively engaging in activities.
**Signs that your learner is providing assent include:**
- Smiling and/or laughing
- Cooperating with learning activities
- Making approval statements, such as “I want to keep doing X” and “I love this!”
- Actively engaging in therapy activities
- Eagerly approaching the therapist
- Requesting to repeat activities
- Staying in the therapy space
Assent can be withheld or withdrawn at any time. Assent withdrawal refers to the indications that the learner does not approve of the treatment methods being utilized or goals being targeted. Signs of assent withdrawal may be both vocal, such as protesting (e.g., “no!”) and non-vocal, such as running away.
**Signs of assent withdrawal include:**
- Turning away or pulling away from learning activities
- Pushing away teaching stimuli
- Eloping from the therapist or therapy space
- Aggression, self-injurious behavior, property destruction, or other harmful behaviors
- Crying, screaming, or vocally protesting
- Dropping or flopping to the floor
- Avoiding the therapist
- Frowning
## How Can You Implement Assent-Based Learning in ABA Therapy?
Gaining and maintaining assent is a complex, ongoing process that requires careful observation, flexibility, and respect for the client’s autonomy. Here are a few key strategies you can use to promote assent-based ABA therapy with your learners.
1. **Prioritize Choices**
Empower your learners with choices to foster engagement and promote autonomy. Offer choices in activities, reinforcers, stimuli, location of sessions, and even the structure and order of programs or activities. While the client may not be able to make choices regarding every aspect of therapy, prioritize offering choices whenever possible.
2. **Teach & Reinforce Self-Advocacy**
Encourage your learners to communicate their needs, preferences, and boundaries. Regardless of their communication abilities or mode of communication, support them in developing critical self-advocacy skills, such as requesting a break and expressing discomfort.
1. **Make Therapy Fun**
Therapy doesn’t have to feel like work. While there are bound to be goals that are challenging and tasks that aren’t the most preferred, there are countless ways to ensure therapy remains enjoyable and motivating. Regularly conduct preference assessments to ensure you are continuously enriching the environment with preferred items and activities.
2. **Honor Assent Withdrawal**
Respect your learner’s right to withdraw assent. This is essential for fostering trust.
1. **Analyze & Address the Reasons for Assent Withdrawal**
When a client withdraws assent, that doesn’t mean the therapy session simply ends or the therapist allows them to do what they want for the remainder of the session. The therapist must analyze the situation to identify the reason(s) for assent withdrawal. They may need to modify various aspects of the learning environment, treatment modality, or goals to regain their learner’s assent. Here are a few things to consider:
- Has the therapist and client successfully paired? Does the therapist continuously focus on maintaining a positive rapport?
- Is the teaching style aversive to the client? (e.g., overly structured and repetitive when the learner may prefer a more naturalistic approach)
- Are the tasks too difficult? Are prerequisite skills missing? Is additional prompting necessary?
- Are the tasks too easy and monotonous?
- Is prompting aversive? (e.g., full physical when the learner does not like to be touched)
- Are there sensory sensitivities that may be making the learner uncomfortable?
- Are the learner’s preferences being accounted for and prioritized?
## Beyond Compliance: The Power of Assent
While compliance has historically been a central focus of ABA therapy, the shift toward “today’s ABA” has redefined the field. True progress is about more than simply complying. It’s about trust, active engagement, and meaningful participation. By embracing assent-based practices, behavior analysts can empower their learners to play an active part in their therapeutic journey.
## About the Author
Ashleigh Evans, MS, BCBA, is a Board Certified Behavior Analyst. She has been practicing in the behavior analysis field for over 13 years and opened her own independent practice in early 2022. Her experience has been vast across different age groups, diagnoses, and needs. She is passionate about improving the field through education, reformative action, and better supervisory practices, leading her to create content and resources for families and ABA professionals which can be found on her website, [www.abaresourcecenter.com](https://www.abaresourcecenter.com/)
Written by: [Different Roads to Learning](https://blog.difflearn.com/author/elizabeth/) on March 7, 2025.
This entry was posted in [ABA](https://blog.difflearn.com/category/aba/) by [Different Roads to Learning](https://blog.difflearn.com/author/elizabeth/). Bookmark the [permalink](https://blog.difflearn.com/2025/03/07/securing-assent-in-aba-therapy/).
## About Different Roads to Learning
Our Difflearn blog was created specifically for sharing. Here, we’ll collaborate with trusted professionals and parents to share experiences, concerns, new and exciting products and events and best of all, our collective treasure of information. It is our hope that you will find the information posted here helpful, practical, and interesting and that it will help all of us – especially our children – learn and grow. And this is just the beginning…We hope that professionals and parents who have advice, information or a story to share will contact us and submit thoughts and ideas for blog posts. We intend for this to be a true community and all who are interested in the education of our ASD children are invited to participate.
[View all posts by Different Roads to Learning →](https://blog.difflearn.com/author/elizabeth/) |
991164cc-6224-4073-a73b-ed143f056a60 | https://blog.dinnerbooking.com/top5/top-5-sjaelland-den-gamle-skude-er-paa-sikker-kurs/ | blog.dinnerbooking.com | 2026-02-06T19:05:56Z | <urn:uuid:991164cc-6224-4073-a73b-ed143f056a60> | <urn:uuid:9a33a69e-edb9-41a6-99f5-072737278657> | 63,565 | 4,510 | - [Top 5](https://blog.dinnerbooking.com/top5/)
# TOP 5 Sjælland: Den gamle skude er på sikker kurs
by [Sofie Nymand Nielsen](https://blog.dinnerbooking.com/author/snn/) · 3. februar 2020
***Siden 2018 har topkok stået bag roret og sat kursen for restauranten, der i 40 år har ligget ved Christianshavns Kanal. Nu er restauranten på en 2. plads over januars bedst anmeldte restauranter på Sjælland. ***
Mellem Christianshavns svajryggede bindingsværkshuse og brostensbelagte stræder finder du Restaurant Kanalen. Naturligvis ligeud til kanalen, hvor der er vindueskig til små joller, der ligger side om side. Der har den ligget i snart 40 år. For to år siden valgte man at sætte ny kurs og præsenterede i den forbindelse topkokken Jeppe Foldager, som tidligere har haft titlen som hofkok på Kongeskibet Dannebrog .
”Jeg kommer fra en lille fiskerby i Hirtshals, og det var som at komme hjem, da jeg trådte ind i restauranten første gang. Det er et fedt sted med en god historie, der appellerer meget til det, jeg gerne vil. Jeg føler mig hjemme her, så det kunne jeg slet ikke sige nej til,” fortalte han om mødet med Restaurant Kanalen.
**Stamgæsterne bliver, og nye lokkes til**
Det var med en vis ærefrygt og en god portion vision, at Foldager overtog roret. Kanalen har en lang historie på den københavnske gastroscene, som skulle bevares, men samtidig trængte restauranten til et nyt “twist and take” på tingene. Det har betydet, at stamgæsterne i dag stadig føler sig hjemme, mens nye besøgende bliver lokket til.
Flere gæster har i løbet af januar fundet vej til Kanalen og gået tilfredse derfra. I sidste måned lå restauranten på en 5. plads over bedst anmeldte restauranter på Sjælland. Siden har gæsterne givet dem medvind med stjerner og rosende ord, så christianshavner-restauranten nu ligger på en 2. plads over bedst anmeldte restauranter på Sjælland.
**Christianshavner-idyllen lever i restauranten **
Den idyl og charme, man kun finder på Christianshavn, lever også i restauranten. Rammerne er indrettet med nordisk enkelhed og lyst interiør. Mens Norden har præget interiøret, har hele verden været kokkenes inspirationskilde – dog med forkærlighed for det sofistikerede franske køkken. Tilsammen skaber rammer og køkken en spiseoplevelse med god mad i en afslappet og hyggelig atmosfære, som har begejstret gæsterne.
**Anerkendt i Michelin-guiden **
Men det er ikke kun gæsterne, som har været glade for en middag på Kanalen. Kokkenes omhyggelige tilberedning af friske råvarer og restaurantens komfortable rammer, ja kort opsummeret: det ‘gode måltid’ har indbragt Restaurant Kanalen en Michelin-plate i den respekterede Michelin-guide.
[Læs mere og book bord på Kanalen her ➤](https://dinnerbooking.com/dk/da-DK/r360/restaurant-kanalen?utm_source=[utm_source]&utm_campaign=[utm_campaign]&utm_medium=[utm_medium]&utm_content=[utm_content]&utm_term=[utm_term])
[DinnerDays: Køb billet til Kanalen ➤](https://dinnerdays.com/koebenhavn/restaurant-kanalen-210-dkk/?utm_source=[utm_source]&utm_campaign=[utm_campaign]&utm_medium=[utm_medium]&utm_content=[utm_content]&utm_term=[utm_term])
Med en 2. plads over bedst anmeldte på Sjælland begynder 2020 godt for Kanalen. Se resten af top 5 her:
## TOP 5 Sjælland
**Om opgørelsen**
Hver gang en gæst booker bord via DinnerBooking.com, får bookeren tilsendt et spørgeskema, hvor han/hun kan vurdere restauranten ud fra mad, betjening, stemning, samlet vurdering samt værdi for pengene. Det betyder, at en gæst kun kan bedømme en restaurant, hvis vedkommende rent faktisk har besøgt den. Opgørelsen for januar 2020 er baseret på i alt 20468 danske gæsteanmeldelser.
Se mange flere anmeldelser på [DinnerBooking.com](https://dinnerbooking.com/dk/da-DK).
Tags: [København](https://blog.dinnerbooking.com/tag/kobenhavn/)
- **Next story **[Top 5 Aarhus: Hjemlig hygge hittede hos gæsterne i januar](https://blog.dinnerbooking.com/top5/top-5-aarhus-hjemlig-hygge-hittede-hos-gaesterne-i-januar/)
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# Trendy konsumenckie 2030
2 lutego, 2020
**Firma badawcza Mintel przygotowała raport zawierający 7 kluczowych czynników wpływających na zachowanie konsumentów, które będą kształtować globalne rynki przez kolejne 10 lat. W jaki sposób mogą one wpłynąć na decyzje biznesowe firm z różnych branż?**
Prognoza dotycząca globalnych rynków konsumenckich przygotowana przez firmę Mintel powstawała na bazie analizy różnych zbiorów danych, m.in.: ekonomicznych, demograficznych, technologicznych, politycznych i socjologicznych. Przeanalizowano wpływ zmian środowiska wewnętrznego i zewnętrznego na motywację konsumenta i dokonywane przez niego wybory, w ten sposób wyróżniając 7 kluczowych czynników wpływających na decyzje zakupowe konsumentów, takich jak dobrostan, otoczenie, technologia, prawa, tożsamość, wartość i doświadczenia. Jak należy interpretować te słowa klucze?
**Dobrostan**
Poszukiwanie fizycznego i psychicznego dobrostanu
Dobrostan oznacza obecnie nie tylko szeroko rozumianą chęć zadbania o siebie, nie jest to również ekstremalna zmiana stylu życia czy wdrożenie ścisłego reżimu. Zamiast tego głównym czynnikiem oddziałującym na zachowanie konsumentów staje się podejście całościowe (holistyczne), którego fundamentem jest wygoda, transparentność i wartość. Konsumenci wiedzą coraz więcej o produktach i składnikach obiecujących niegdyś niszowe lub nieznane rozwiązania, i w coraz większym stopniu zaczynają je kwestionować. Jednocześnie wzrasta zapotrzebowanie na produkty, które poprawiają jakość życia, a nie dokonują jedynie powierzchownych zmian.
Marki mają szansę stać się dla swoich klientów partnerami w sferze dobrostanu. Choć nadal na rynku obecna jest masowość i uniwersalność, będziemy obserwować wzrost znaczenia rozwiązań szytych na miarę, których celem jest spełnienie wielu odmiennych potrzeb konsumentów.
Długowieczność spotka się z wygodą, a konsumenci będą szukali dobrostanu we wszystkich swoich działaniach. Postępująca automatyzacja będzie wywierać presję na bezpieczeństwo miejsc pracy, ale jednocześnie stworzy okazję do wdrożenia zdrowszych metod pracy. Czyste powietrze i woda staną się atutami sprzedażowymi, a popyt na wygodę spowoduje wzrost popularności domowych systemów filtracji umożliwiających konsumentom stworzenie bezpiecznego środowiska życia.
**Otoczenie**
Poczucie więzi ze środowiskiem zewnętrznym
Jeżeli, zgodnie z przewidywaniami ONZ, w 2030 r. liczba ludzi osiągnie 8,5 mld, najważniejszą kwestią stanie się poszukiwanie lepszych sposobów maksymalnego wykorzystania dostępnej przestrzeni i lepszych metod dzielenia się ograniczonymi zasobami. Konieczność uwzględnienia etycznego wymiaru innowacji będzie siłą napędową dla polityki, społeczeństw, nauki i gospodarki. Choć technologie komunikacji ułatwią współpracę ponad narodowymi granicami, coraz częściej technologia będzie wykorzystywana do wymiany informacji na temat tego, w jaki sposób przełomowe przedsiębiorstwa działające na lokalnym rynku mogą oddolnie tworzyć zrównoważoną gospodarkę.
Wspólne wykorzystywanie przestrzeni do życia, pracy, nauki i odpoczynku przyczyni się do powstawania nowych organizacji opartych na lokalnych społecznościach, w których ludzie współpracują ze sobą w celu stworzenia nowych produktów i usług dopasowanych do indywidualnych potrzeb. Lepsza i tańsza technologia telekomunikacyjna zwiększy elastyczność warunków pracy i sprawi, że coraz więcej konsumentów stanie się cyfrowymi nomadami.
W 2020 r. na rzece Chicago zadebiutuje Wild Mile, pierwszy na świecie pływający ekopark o długości 1 mili, składający się z lasów i ogrodów
Fot. www.wildmilechicago.org
**Technologia**
Znajdowanie rozwiązań dzięki technologii w świecie fizycznym i cyfrowym
Do 2030 r. sieć 5G połączy 125 mld urządzeń (11 mld w 2019 r.), zatem technologia mobilna będzie zacierać granice pomiędzy czasem i miejscem podróży, pracy, nauki i odpoczynku. To spowoduje coraz częstsze wykorzystanie elementów wirtualnej i rozszerzonej rzeczywistości (VR/AR) w różnych branżach. Co nas czeka w perspektywie 2025 r.? Sieć 5G będzie docierać do połowy wszystkich użytkowników urządzeń mobilnych na całym świecie, przeżycia w 4D w wirtualnej rzeczywistości postrzegane będą jako „nowy luksus”, monitory Bluetooth zastąpią telewizory, a normą stanie się nawigacja AR i konsultacje medyczne online. Jednocześnie w pełni bezobsługowa sprzedaż detaliczna będzie odbywała się tylko w dyskontach i sklepach typu convenience, ponieważ coraz więcej konsumentów będzie domagać się interakcji międzyludzkich podczas zakupów.
Naukowcy z Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT) pracują nad projektem „roślin-cyborgów”, które mają zastąpić urządzenia z tworzyw sztucznych w celu ograniczenia ilości wytwarzanych odpadów
**Prawa**
Pragnienie zyskania szacunku, ochrony i wsparcia
Coraz większe znaczenie zyskuje „kultura kasowania” (cancel culture), określana również jako „kultura oburzenia” (callout culture). Złość wywołana brakiem prywatności i bezpieczeństwa danych oraz utratą zaufania do marek powoduje, że konsumenci stają się bezlitośni. Żadna firma, marka czy osoba nie jest bezpieczna w dzisiejszym świecie napędzanym przez media społecznościowe. Jednocześnie konsumenci chcą, aby firmy i marki reprezentowały sobą coś istotnego. W ciągu najbliższych 10 lat będziemy coraz częściej świadkami negatywnych reakcji konsumentów, którzy wciąż próbują odnaleźć swój głos w cyfrowej erze. Do 2030 r. nastąpi odwrót od powszechnego oburzenia, ponieważ konsumenci poczują się znużeni powtarzanym w nieskończoność cyklem reaktywnego dyskursu.
**Tożsamość**
Zrozumienie i wyrażenie siebie i swojego miejsca w społeczeństwie
Tożsamość to coś wyjątkowo osobistego. Konsumenci kwestionują zastany porządek, odchodząc od sztywnych definicji rasy, płci i seksualności, i wybierając bardziej indywidualne i płynne podejście do tożsamości. To przede wszystkim nastolatki stoją na czele zmian w sposobie postrzegania samego siebie, swoich działań i otaczającego świata, tworząc po drodze nowe słownictwo i systemy klasyfikacji.
Mimo iż obecnie ludzie są ze sobą połączeni bardziej niż kiedykolwiek przedtem, poczucie osamotnienia i izolacji będzie wciąż rosnąć, osiągając do roku 2030 rozmiary epidemii. Eksperci firmy Mintel spodziewają się, że firmy, marki, organizacje społeczne i rządy będą tworzyć rozwiązania na bazie technologii, które pomogą walczyć z samotnością i zwalczać jej epidemię, a powszechne stanie się zainteresowanie ekoterapią, czyli terapią naturą, której celem jest zadbanie zarówno o zdrowie psychiczne, jak i fizyczne.
**Wartość**
Uzyskiwanie namacalnych i realnych korzyści dzięki inwestycjom
Charakterystyczną cechą naszej obecnej epoki jest nadmierna i niezrównoważona konsumpcja. Wypromowana przez media społecznościowa kultura „przesuwania kciukiem” (swipe up culture) utrwaliła pogoń za kupowaniem więcej i lepiej. Ponieważ zmiany klimatu są jednym z kluczowych czynników definiujących nowoczesne społeczeństwo, konsumenci zaczynają coraz uważniej przyglądać się własnym nawykom dotyczącym konsumpcji i już teraz chcą wprowadzić rozwiązania mające zmienić przyszłość na lepsze.
Uważniejsze przyglądanie się nawykom konsumpcyjnym wpływa na zmianę opinii konsumentów na temat wartości towarów i usług. W miarę wypracowywania bardziej świadomego podejścia do wydatków konsumenci szukają również czegoś autentycznego i wyjątkowego – czegoś, co będzie pasować do zmieniającej się tożsamości konsumenta i zaspokoi potrzebę nonkonformizmu. Konsumenci definiują wartość z punktu widzenia wpływu zakupów na świat. Pragną dokonywać bardziej świadomych i ekologicznych zakupów.
**Doświadczenia**
Poszukiwanie i odkrywanie stymulacji
Choć zapotrzebowanie na stymulację nie jest niczym nowym, stopniowo zmienia się rola, jaką odgrywa w podejmowaniu decyzji przez konsumentów. Nie można już lekceważyć aspektu „doświadczalnego”, gdyż nie jest to jedynie narzędzie marketingowe czy przelotna fanaberia – wręcz przeciwnie, konsumenci silnie przeżywają emocjonalny związek z markami, które się wyróżniają. Technologia sprawia, że doświadczenia stały się masowo dostępne, a jednocześnie spowodowała zapotrzebowanie na interakcję offline z markami. Oba czynniki mogą dać konsumentom poczucie wyjścia poza swoją strefę komfortu.
Opracowanie na podstawie materiałów firmy Mintel. Więcej informacji: www.polska.mintel.com.
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REKLAMA
### MOZE CIĘ ZAINTERESOWAĆ: |
c6400fed-5e0a-409f-bedc-f0ae486d5da2 | https://blog.imi-voicetraining.osaka.jp/imi-blog/%E3%83%9C%E3%82%A4%E3%83%88%E3%83%AC.html | blog.imi-voicetraining.osaka.jp | 2026-02-06T20:06:55Z | <urn:uuid:c6400fed-5e0a-409f-bedc-f0ae486d5da2> | <urn:uuid:37911ef3-e602-47c4-a2d6-3f2a4dc9e5c9> | 18,309 | 194 | | [%article_list_start%] | [%article_date_notime_wa%] [%title%] [%lead%] [%article_short_50%] [%category%][%tags%] |
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[%navi-pagenation%] |
587c9aa5-c121-4cef-9044-3d3760e08ad2 | https://blog.injun.dev/posts/git-stash-temporarily-save-changes/ | blog.injun.dev | 2026-02-06T19:11:46Z | <urn:uuid:587c9aa5-c121-4cef-9044-3d3760e08ad2> | <urn:uuid:cdb53076-8083-44c3-9e83-5bd0d4d83141> | 31,252 | 7,238 | ## Git Stash의 개념과 역사[#](#git-stash의-개념과-역사)
Git stash는 2007년 Git 1.5.3 버전에서 처음 도입된 기능으로, Working Directory의 변경 사항(수정된 tracked 파일과 staged 상태의 변경)을 커밋하지 않고 스택(stack) 구조의 임시 저장소에 저장했다가 나중에 다시 적용할 수 있는 메커니즘이며, 작업 중인 브랜치에서 급하게 다른 브랜치로 전환해야 하거나 원격 저장소의 변경 사항을 가져와야 할 때 현재 진행 중인 작업을 커밋하기에는 애매한 상태일 경우 유용하게 사용된다.
커밋하지 않은 변경 사항이 있는 상태에서 브랜치를 전환하려고 하면 Git은 다음과 같은 에러 메시지를 표시하며 전환을 거부하는데, 이는 현재 Working Directory의 변경 사항이 체크아웃하려는 브랜치의 파일과 충돌할 수 있기 때문이다.
```
error: Your local changes to the following files would be overwritten by checkout:
file.txt
Please commit your changes or stash them before you switch branches.
Aborting
```
## 기본 사용법[#](#기본-사용법)
### 변경 사항 저장: git stash[#](#변경-사항-저장-git-stash)
`git stash` 명령어는 Working Directory와 Staging Area의 변경 사항을 stash 스택에 저장하고 Working Directory를 마지막 커밋 상태로 깨끗하게 되돌리며, 기본적으로 tracked 파일(이미 Git이 추적 중인 파일)의 변경 사항만 저장하고 untracked 파일이나 .gitignore에 의해 무시되는 파일은 포함하지 않는다.
```
git stash
```
메시지와 함께 저장하려면 `save` 서브 명령어(또는 `push -m`)를 사용하며, 이는 여러 stash를 관리할 때 각 stash가 어떤 작업인지 식별하는 데 유용하다.
```
git stash save "로그인 기능 작업 중"
git stash push -m "로그인 기능 작업 중" # Git 2.13+ 권장 방식
```
### stash 목록 확인: git stash list[#](#stash-목록-확인-git-stash-list)
저장된 stash들의 목록을 확인하는 명령어로, 각 stash는 `stash@{n}` 형식의 인덱스로 참조되며 가장 최근에 저장한 것이 `stash@{0}`이고, 브랜치 이름과 커밋 메시지도 함께 표시되어 어떤 상황에서 stash했는지 파악할 수 있다.
```
git stash list
# stash@{0}: WIP on main: abc1234 feat: 로그인 기능 구현
# stash@{1}: On develop: def5678 fix: 버그 수정
```
### stash 적용: git stash apply vs pop[#](#stash-적용-git-stash-apply-vs-pop)
저장된 stash를 다시 Working Directory에 적용하는 명령어는 `apply`와 `pop` 두 가지가 있으며, `apply`는 stash를 적용하되 스택에서 제거하지 않아 동일한 stash를 여러 브랜치에 적용할 수 있고, `pop`은 적용과 동시에 스택에서 제거하여 일반적인 사용 시 권장되는 방식이며, 특정 stash를 적용하려면 인덱스를 지정할 수 있다.
```
git stash apply # 최근 stash 적용, 스택 유지
git stash pop # 최근 stash 적용 후 스택에서 제거
git stash apply stash@{2} # 특정 stash 적용
```
중요한 차이점은 `pop`을 사용했을 때 충돌이 발생하면 stash가 자동으로 제거되지 않고 스택에 남아있어 충돌 해결 후 수동으로 `drop` 해야 한다는 점이다.
### stash 삭제: git stash drop과 clear[#](#stash-삭제-git-stash-drop과-clear)
특정 stash를 스택에서 제거하려면 `drop`을, 모든 stash를 한 번에 제거하려면 `clear`를 사용하며, `drop`은 인덱스를 지정하지 않으면 가장 최근 stash(`stash@{0}`)를 제거한다.
```
git stash drop # 최근 stash 제거
git stash drop stash@{1} # 특정 stash 제거
git stash clear # 모든 stash 제거
```
## 고급 옵션[#](#고급-옵션)
### untracked 파일 포함: -u 옵션[#](#untracked-파일-포함--u-옵션)
기본적으로 stash는 tracked 파일의 변경 사항만 저장하므로, 새로 생성했지만 아직 `git add`하지 않은 untracked 파일을 함께 저장하려면 `-u` 또는 `--include-untracked` 옵션을 사용해야 한다.
```
git stash -u
```
### ignored 파일 포함: -a 옵션[#](#ignored-파일-포함--a-옵션)
.gitignore에 의해 무시되는 파일까지 모두 포함하여 stash하려면 `-a` 또는 `--all` 옵션을 사용하며, 이는 빌드 결과물이나 캐시 파일까지 임시 저장해야 하는 특수한 경우에 사용한다.
```
git stash -a
```
### stash 내용 확인: git stash show[#](#stash-내용-확인-git-stash-show)
stash에 저장된 변경 사항을 커밋처럼 확인할 수 있으며, `-p` 옵션을 추가하면 diff 형식으로 상세한 변경 내용을 볼 수 있어 stash를 적용하기 전에 어떤 내용이 들어있는지 미리 확인할 때 유용하다.
```
git stash show # 변경된 파일 목록
git stash show -p # diff 형식으로 상세 확인
git stash show stash@{1} # 특정 stash 확인
```
## 충돌 해결[#](#충돌-해결)
stash를 적용할 때 현재 Working Directory의 내용과 충돌이 발생할 수 있으며, 충돌이 발생하면 merge conflict와 동일한 방식으로 충돌 마커(`<<<<<<<`, `=======`, `>>>>>>>`)가 파일에 표시되고, 수동으로 충돌을 해결한 후 `git add`로 스테이징하고, `pop`을 사용했다면 stash가 스택에 남아있으므로 `git stash drop`으로 제거해야 한다.
```
# 충돌 발생 시
Auto-merging file.txt
CONFLICT (content): Merge conflict in file.txt
# 해결 순서
# 1. 파일을 열어 충돌 마커 확인 및 수동 해결
# 2. git add file.txt
# 3. git stash drop (pop 사용 시)
```
## 실전 활용 시나리오[#](#실전-활용-시나리오)
### 긴급 버그 수정[#](#긴급-버그-수정)
기능 개발 중 긴급한 버그 수정 요청이 들어왔을 때, 현재 작업을 stash로 저장하고 버그 수정 브랜치로 전환한 후 수정을 완료하고 원래 브랜치로 돌아와 stash를 복원하는 패턴이다.
```
git stash push -m "feature/login 작업 중"
git checkout hotfix/critical-bug
# 버그 수정 작업 및 커밋
git checkout feature/login
git stash pop
```
### 원격 변경 사항 가져오기[#](#원격-변경-사항-가져오기)
로컬에 커밋하지 않은 변경 사항이 있는 상태에서 원격 저장소의 최신 변경 사항을 가져와야 할 때, stash로 로컬 변경을 저장하고 pull을 수행한 후 다시 적용하며, 충돌이 발생하면 해결 후 진행한다.
```
git stash
git pull origin main
git stash pop # 충돌 시 해결 후 git stash drop
```
## 결론[#](#결론)
Git stash는 2007년 Git 1.5.3에서 도입된 이래로 커밋하지 않은 변경 사항을 임시로 저장하고 나중에 복원할 수 있는 필수적인 기능으로 자리 잡았으며, `apply`와 `pop`의 차이점(스택 제거 여부)을 이해하고, `-u` 옵션으로 untracked 파일을 포함하고, 충돌 발생 시 수동 해결 후 `drop`이 필요하다는 점을 숙지하면 브랜치 전환, 긴급 작업, 원격 동기화 등 다양한 상황에서 작업 흐름을 유연하게 관리할 수 있다. |
eb38bdd2-4d92-498e-9287-769a62d31ec2 | https://betot.ru/match/tigre-newells-old-boys-2025-04-08 | betot.ru | 2026-02-06T18:48:59Z | <urn:uuid:eb38bdd2-4d92-498e-9287-769a62d31ec2> | <urn:uuid:366221c9-c01a-4d0f-98b8-ed1df8c0ed91> | 524,288 | 38,664 | [Homepage](https://betot.ru/) › Matches ›
#
Tigre
в в в п в
0 : 2
Матч Закончен
Newells Old Boys
п в н н в
V. Cuesta
13'
L. Herrera
74'
# Tigre - Newells Old Boys смотреть онлайн
**Плеер №1**
** Плеер №2 (трансляция запустится после рекламы):**
** Плеер №3 (трансляция на сайте БК ЛЕОН):** 
Матч между «Tigre» - «Newells Old Boys» состоится 08.04.2025 года в 03:00 по московскому времени. Это событие пройдет в рамках Liga Profesional Argentina 2025. Миллионы болельщиков по всему миру будут искать, где смотреть трансляцию матча «Tigre» - «Newells Old Boys» в хорошем качестве. Если вы тоже хотите не пропустить этот поединок, воспользуйтесь возможностью «Tigre» - «Newells Old Boys» смотреть онлайн на нашем сайте. Мы подготовили для вас ссылки на текстовые и видео трансляции, чтобы вы могли следить за игрой в режиме реального времени.
## Прогноз на матч Tigre - Newells Old Boys от 08.04.2025
События матча
 Tigre
1-й тайм
 Newells Old Boys
45' 15' 30'
 Tigre
2-й тайм
 Newells Old Boys
90' 60' 75'
5'
Статистика матча
Tigre
Newells Old Boys
Off Target 10 Blocked 7
On Target 11
On Target 2
Off Target 4 Blocked 1
2 Жёлтые карточки 3
7 Угловые 3
10 Фолы 14
0 Оффсайды 1
65 Владение мячом 35
28 Удары 6
11 Удары в створ 2
0 Голы 2
10 Shots off Goal 3
7 Blocked Shots 1
19 Shots insidebox 6
9 Shots outsidebox 0
0 Goalkeeper Saves 12
460 Total passes 255
362 Passes accurate 159
6.3
12
F. Zenobio
7.9
3
N. Banegas
6.6
30
N. Paz
7
2
J. Laso
7.2
4
M. Ortega
8.2
33
E. Cabrera
7
16
Lorenzo Scipioni
6.7
27
S. González
6.7
47
J. Saralegui
6.9
29
I. Russo
6.3
18
B. Armoa
9.9
1
K. Navas
7.7
18
V. Cuesta
7.2
6
S. Salcedo
7
37
L. Lollo
7
23
Ángelo Martino
8.2
5
É. Banega
6.9
2
T. Jacob
6.9
4
A. Montero
6.2
24
M. Silvetti
6.2
32
C. González
7.3
21
L. Herrera
 
Последние матчи
Tigre
Н В П В Н
Liga Profesional Argentina
8 Апр 2025
- 03:00
Tigre
0 2
Newells Old Boys
Liga Profesional Argentina
28 Мар 2025
- 23:00
Defensa Y Justicia
1 2
Tigre
Liga Profesional Argentina
18 Мар 2025
- 01:00
Tigre
1 2
Central Cordoba de Santiago
Liga Profesional Argentina
9 Мар 2025
- 23:00
Aldosivi
0 2
Tigre
Liga Profesional Argentina
2 Мар 2025
- 03:30
Talleres Cordoba
1 2
Tigre
Newells Old Boys
Н П П В П
Liga Profesional Argentina
8 Апр 2025
- 03:00
Tigre
0 2
Newells Old Boys
Liga Profesional Argentina
31 Мар 2025
- 01:30
Newells Old Boys
2 0
Boca Juniors
Liga Profesional Argentina
16 Мар 2025
- 00:30
Estudiantes L.P.
1 1
Newells Old Boys
Liga Profesional Argentina
10 Мар 2025
- 03:30
Newells Old Boys
0 0
Belgrano Cordoba
Liga Profesional Argentina
4 Мар 2025
- 03:00
Atletico Tucuman
1 2
Newells Old Boys
Матчи в день матча
GOD
0 : 3
ROS
TIG
3 : 0
VEL
DEF
0 : 1
BAN
LAN
0 : 2
RIE
NEW
0 : 1
RIV
BAR
1 : 3
RAC
IND
2 : 1
SAR
BEL
1 : 1
HUR
MAR
0 : 1
TUC
LOR
1 : 0
TAL
EST
3 : 1
UNI
INS
3 : 0
GIM
PLA
1 : 1
RIV
BOC
0 : 0
ARG
Central Cordoba de Santiago
1 : 0
ALD
BAN
3 : 0
NEW
RIE
0 : 0
MAR
ROS
2 : 1
LAN
SAR
0 : 0
GOD
VEL
0 : 1
PLA
RIV
0 : 0
BAR
GIM
0 : 2
LOR
TAL
2 : 3
IND
UNI
1 : 1
BOC
HUR
0 : 0
EST
RIV
1 : 0
INS
ALD
0 : 5
DEF
RAC
4 : 0
BEL
ARG
1 : 0
TIG
Central Cordoba de Santiago
2 : 0
TUC
BAR
1 : 0
BAN
MAR
0 : 0
ROS
LAN
2 : 0
SAR
LOR
0 : 0
RIV
BOC
2 : 1
HUR
NEW
1 : 0
ALD
IND
2 : 0
GIM
INS
2 : 0
VEL
DEF
2 : 1
Central Cordoba de Santiago
EST
2 : 0
RAC
TIG
1 : 0
UNI
BEL
0 : 3
RIV
ARG
1 : 0
PLA
TUC
0 : 3
RIE
ALD
1 : 3
BAR
SAR
1 : 1
MAR
BAN
1 : 1
BEL
HUR
2 : 0
TIG
Central Cordoba de Santiago
2 : 0
NEW
UNI
0 : 1
ARG
RIV
2 : 2
EST
VEL
0 : 0
LOR
ROS
3 : 1
TUC
RIV
2 : 0
IND
RAC
2 : 0
BOC
RIE
1 : 1
DEF
PLA
1 : 0
INS
GIM
3 : 0
GOD
TAL
0 : 1
LAN
BAR
3 : 3
Central Cordoba de Santiago
EST
1 : 0
BAN
BOC
2 : 0
RIV
BEL
2 : 0
ALD
TIG
1 : 0
RAC
RIE
0 : 0
ROS
NEW
0 : 1
DEF
IND
3 : 0
VEL
ARG
1 : 1
HUR
GOD
0 : 0
RIV
LAN
0 : 0
GIM
LOR
2 : 1
PLA
MAR
0 : 1
TAL
UNI
0 : 0
INS
TUC
5 : 0
SAR
BAN
0 : 1
BOC
DEF
1 : 1
BAR
ALD
2 : 2
EST
RIV
1 : 4
TIG
Central Cordoba de Santiago
4 : 0
BEL
RAC
2 : 3
ARG
NEW
1 : 2
ROS
RIV
1 : 0
LAN
HUR
1 : 0
UNI
TAL
1 : 1
TUC
GIM
1 : 0
MAR
SAR
2 : 1
RIE
PLA
1 : 1
IND
VEL
0 : 2
GOD
INS
0 : 1
LOR
RIE
0 : 0
TAL
GOD
1 : 1
PLA
EST
3 : 2
Central Cordoba de Santiago
LAN
0 : 0
VEL
IND
2 : 0
INS
BOC
2 : 1
ALD
MAR
0 : 2
RIV
ROS
1 : 0
SAR
HUR
2 : 0
LOR
BEL
2 : 0
DEF
TUC
0 : 1
GIM
BAR
2 : 0
NEW
ARG
0 : 0
RIV
TIG
1 : 0
BAN
BOC
1 : 0
ROS
MAR
3 : 1
BEL
Central Cordoba de Santiago
0 : 0
RIE
ALD
2 : 2
SAR
RIV
0 : 2
EST
UNI
1 : 0
GIM
TAL
1 : 2
TIG
ARG
2 : 0
INS
RIV
1 : 1
LAN
VEL
0 : 2
HUR
BAR
1 : 2
GOD
LOR
3 : 2
RAC
TUC
1 : 2
NEW
BAN
0 : 0
IND
PLA
0 : 1
DEF
VEL
1 : 0
MAR
BAN
1 : 2
ARG
Central Cordoba de Santiago
0 : 3
BOC
LOR
1 : 2
IND
RAC
0 : 1
HUR
SAR
1 : 1
BAR
PLA
0 : 0
LAN
DEF
1 : 0
EST
ALD
0 : 2
TIG
RIV
1 : 0
TUC
NEW
0 : 0
BEL
INS
1 : 1
GOD
GIM
1 : 1
RIE
TAL
0 : 0
ROS
RIV
2 : 0
UNI
ARG
0 : 2
ALD
GOD
0 : 0
LOR
RIE
0 : 0
RIV
ROS
2 : 1
GIM
EST
1 : 1
NEW
HUR
2 : 0
RIV
SAR
0 : 0
TAL
IND
1 : 1
RAC
BOC
4 : 0 |
0feec329-0fe6-4d05-9b60-9d4036f26328 | https://blog.ilgiornale.it/spirli/tag/promenade-des-anglais/ | blog.ilgiornale.it | 2026-02-06T19:21:00Z | <urn:uuid:0feec329-0fe6-4d05-9b60-9d4036f26328> | <urn:uuid:c04c564f-f277-4289-b33e-90839a8e277f> | 36,869 | 7,364 | 16Lug 16
## [Fuori!!!](https://blog.ilgiornale.it/spirli/2016/07/16/fuori/)
Venerdì 15 luglio 2016 – San Bonaventura – a casa, a Taurianova. Calabria. Nizza, Promenade des Anglais. Dacca, Ristorante Holey Artisan Bakery. Parigi, Charlie Hebdo. Tunisi, Museo. Bruxelles, in tour. Parigi, Bataclan. Londra, Metrò. Parigi, Supermercato Kosher. Ankara, Aeroporto… Migliaia di morti! Tutti Martiri per volontà di allah e dei suoi sicari. E degli sporchi complici occidentali di quei suoi killer… Un fiume di sangue innocente. Laico e credente. Di Destra, di Sinistra, di Niente… Libero di disegnarsi la propria vita. Arbitro delle proprie scelte. Umano. Occidentale. A volte, anche cretino. Garantista fino al conato. Cieco e sordo a qualsiasi evidente […]
[Continua a leggere...](https://blog.ilgiornale.it/spirli/2016/07/16/fuori/)
Il blog di Nino Spirlì © 2026
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Nato a Taurianova (RC) il 13 luglio 1961, ma romano d'adozione. E' crudo, diretto, spregiudicato, tenace, sentimentale, passionale, tuttosessuale, espansivo e non perdona. Scrittore audace, comico di talento e autore di format TV e soggetti cine-televisivi. (La Fattoria, Né con te, né senza di te, Forum) Inizia giovanissimo a recitare nelle rappresentazioni delle commedie e delle tragedie greche e latine. Nel 1990 è chiamato a Parigi dal Centre Dramatique National Theatre du Campagnol: la collaborazione durerà fino al 1996. Li definisce gli anni più artistici e sensuali. Nel 1995 dirige in teatro “Ryoju - Il Fucile da Caccia" - di Y. Inoue. Nel 1996 dirige "L'uomo dal fiore in bocca" - di L. Pirandello - Unica versione autorizzata ad essere interpretata da sole donne: Che fissazione! Nel 1999 resta "vedovo" di suo padre, al quale era legato da un legame profondo. Nel 2000 crea il reality tv "La Fattoria" e ne cede i diritti a Rti. Firmerà la puntata pilota, ma non il programma... Sic! Nel 2005 cede i diritti televisivi e cinematografici del racconto "La Capitanessa", che diventerà la fiction "Né con te, né senza di te" su Rai Uno, nell'autunno 2012. Dal 2001 a 2011 è Autore di "Forum" (Canale 5 e Rete 4). A primavera 2011, torna in scena con "PIRANDELLODRAG", dialogo platonico ispirato a "La morte addosso" di L. Pirandello. Novembre 2011 è il mese di concepimento del primo romanzo "Diario di una Vecchia Checca", Premio Metauros 2012. Dal 2013 scrive per IlGiornaleOFF.it. Dal 2014, scrive “I Corsivi della Vecchia Checca” su Il Garantista. Dal 23 giugno 2014 dirige l’emittente tv SUD, “la ttivvù con l’accento meridionale”, sul canale 656 ddt.
Ecco il suo sito: [www.ninospirli.it](http://www.ninospirli.it/)
[Scrivi una mail a Nino Spirlì](mailto:ninospirli@gmail.com)
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Un’alleanza strategica tra investimenti, regole e valori condivisi per guidare lo sviluppo dell’IA globale, coniugando spinta tecnologica, tutela dei diritti e credibilità internazionale
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Nel giorno dell’apertura dei Giochi, sale l'attenzione sul fronte cyber: nel mirino il sito olimpico e Leonardo, con il CNAIPIC che monitora possibili azioni DDoS riconducibili a gruppi hacker filorussi attivi nella guerra ibrida contro l’Occidente
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A Sion l’audizione di Christophe Balet, responsabile della sicurezza comunale indagato per l’incendio di Capodanno. Presente anche il proprietario del Constellation.
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Alcuni atleti della disciplina del salto con gli avrebbero fatto ricorso all’ingrandimento del pene con vantaggi significativi in gara: ecco perché e il ruolo delle tute aerodinamiche
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La Fender Mustang del 1966 utilizzata da Kurt Cobain nel videoclip di Smells Like Teen Spirit sarà messa all’asta il mese prossimo: un’icona del grunge pronta a fare la storia
- [Botte a caso in strada. Ma il tunisino terrore dei passanti resta libero](https://www.ilgiornale.it/news/cronaca-locale/botte-caso-strada-tunisino-terrore-dei-passanti-resta-libero-2606091.html) 6 Febbraio 2026
A Roma altri attacchi gratuiti ai danni di donne e bambini: nonostante i precedenti e una denuncia, l’aggressore continua a muoversi per le vie del quartiere. Residenti in allarme e politica in campo
- [Iannone ed Elodie, la rottura a causa di un ultimatum](https://www.ilgiornale.it/news/gossip/iannone-ed-elodie-rottura-causa-ultimatum-2606085.html) 6 Febbraio 2026
Secondo alcune fonti, Iannone avrebbe voluto costruire una famiglia ma Elodie non sarebbe stata d'accordo e questo avrebbe portato alla rottura
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Ferito in un attentato nella zona nord-occidentale della capitale il generale del ministero della Difesa russo. L’uomo è stato ricoverato in ospedale; il Comitato Investigativo russo ha aperto un’indagine e sta analizzando i filmati di sorveglianza per identificare l’aggressore
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L'islam, è vero, non ha superato il cristianesimo nei numeri in Europa. Ma lo ha superato in un altro aspetto fondamentale: la forza dell'adesione. L'intensità identitaria. La compattezza
- [L'oro al bidet](https://www.ilgiornale.it/news/attualit/loro-bidet-2605947.html) 6 Febbraio 2026
Un Villaggio olimpico, sei edifici e 1.154 bidet, uno per stanza. Sui social gira una carrellata di video in cui gli atleti di tutto il mondo persino i francesi reagiscono con curiosità e stupore di fronte a uno strano oggetto non identificato
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- [www.mafiano.it](http://www.mafiano.it/)
- [www.ninospirli.it](http://www.ninospirli.it/)
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## Archivio dei post
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- [Perchè esisto](https://blog.ilgiornale.it/spirli/perche-questo-blog/)
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## Pannello di controllo |
b0e72aa3-2218-4c2a-b67b-4acc70ca3b8c | https://biotech.co.in/en/about/board-of-directors | biotech.co.in | 2026-02-06T20:04:26Z | <urn:uuid:b0e72aa3-2218-4c2a-b67b-4acc70ca3b8c> | <urn:uuid:46189758-5125-4175-95c8-55deb2152267> | 39,096 | 1,326 | ## hidden title
### Board of Directors
| Prof. Shekhar C Mande
Chairman (Board of Directors),
Former Director General of the Council of Scientific and Industrial Research (DG, CSIR)
and Former Secretary of the Department of Scientific and Industrial Research,
Ministry of Science and Technology (Secy-DSIR) | |
| --- | --- |
| Dr. Anita Gupta
Scientist-G,
Department of Science & Technology (DST), New Delhi (Nominee, DST) | |
| Dr. Sanjeev Khosla
Director
CSIR- Institute of Microbial Technology (CSIR-IMTECH), Chandigarh
(Nominee, CSIR) | |
| Dr. (Mrs.) Sanghamitra Pati
Additional Director General
Indian Council of Medical Research (ICMR),
New Delhi & Director & Scientist-G , ICMR-Regional Medical Research Centre, Bhubaneswar
(Nominee, ICMR) | |
| Dr. T.R.Sharma
Deputy Director General (Crop Science) Indian Council of Agricultural Research, New Delhi
(Nominee, ICAR) | |
| Ms. Smita Kumar
Retired Director General, Postal Services
(Nominee, SUUTI) | |
| Shri Shashank Dixit
Chief General Manager
IDBI Bank Limited, New Delhi
(Nominee, IDBI Bank Ltd.) | |
| Dr. Ram A. Vishwakarma
Former Director
CSIR-Indian Institute of Integrative Medicine (CSIR-IIIM), Jammu | |
| Dr. Purnima Sharma
Managing Director | | |
45cfe62e-e344-4276-b97d-2d6aef66a020 | https://blog.kmonsoor.com/growth-requires-discomfort/ | blog.kmonsoor.com | 2026-02-06T20:15:24Z | <urn:uuid:45cfe62e-e344-4276-b97d-2d6aef66a020> | <urn:uuid:d1ad1bbb-4819-4496-851d-1df1f9c02e6b> | 16,122 | 1,013 | Growth almost always lies in the discomfort.
The more tolerance someone has being uncomfortable, the more they got the potential to grow.
That also means, unfortunately, if you’re comfortable in your current situation, you’re stagnant; not growing. As change is the only constant in life, the above means, in actuality you’re in decline.
Resting, uninvested money get devalued with inflation. Resting gold gets targeted by miscreants.
Body decides to reduce unused muscles (mass, strength) and bones (density) and start accumulating fat instead.
Not-growing relationships get stale. Dead bedroom, barely held together by the responsibility of kids.
Skills get rusty very quickly. Stop speaking your mother tongue for a year and you’ll be hardly able to speak later.
Keep investing, diversified & informed.
Keep moving, growing muscle & strength.
Keep loving, bring surprise & fun.
Keep learning, new tricks & frameworks.
Stay uncomfortable. Become invincible. |
54aa7ea6-5b69-420b-a927-678593747b21 | https://blog.islacontoyexperience.com/es/tag/cultura-mexicana | blog.islacontoyexperience.com | 2026-02-06T18:43:47Z | <urn:uuid:54aa7ea6-5b69-420b-a927-678593747b21> | <urn:uuid:ad1804c7-93b7-44b4-8a32-cfb0b6128ed5> | 95,687 | 962 | # Blog de Isla Contoy
#### Filtra por temas.
##### Subscríbete ahora
###
[](https://blog.islacontoyexperience.com/es/5-parques-nacionales-de-mexico-que-tienes-que-visitar/)
6 minutos de lectura
#### [5 Parques Nacionales de México que tienes que visitar](https://blog.islacontoyexperience.com/es/5-parques-nacionales-de-mexico-que-tienes-que-visitar/)
 [Giovanna Ricalde](https://blog.islacontoyexperience.com/es/author/giovanna-ricalde): 16-ago-2022 13:00:00
Sabemos que eres un amante de la naturaleza y que te encanta conocer y explorar nuevos rincones, por eso hoy traemos para ti una lista de los 5...
[Read More](https://blog.islacontoyexperience.com/es/5-parques-nacionales-de-mexico-que-tienes-que-visitar/) |
4c1106fb-9060-4007-987e-b784dfc15f73 | https://blog.kurasinski.com/2010/09/czemu-burger-king-dal-sie-nabic-w-kominka/ | blog.kurasinski.com | 2026-02-06T19:38:13Z | <urn:uuid:4c1106fb-9060-4007-987e-b784dfc15f73> | <urn:uuid:ed3b88ae-e933-4297-85fd-22907eeae010> | 11,969 | 51 | Please wait while your request is being verified... |
71689857-bdf9-40c1-b05e-c48140005b12 | https://blog.htwk-robots.de/2014/07/finals.html | blog.htwk-robots.de | 2026-02-06T19:54:45Z | <urn:uuid:71689857-bdf9-40c1-b05e-c48140005b12> | <urn:uuid:94bc9597-4e12-4862-8124-adbd9ccb4ed5> | 203,650 | 2,896 | ## Wednesday, 23 July 2014
### Finals!
We had an extremely close semi final match with UChile. It was the most intense game we ever participated in.
We started the robots ten minutes before the game started and had problems with the communication. We used our timeout early in the game to get that fixed and also to recalibrate our robots.
The first half started good. We shot the first goal and then the world was coming down on us! UChile shot three goals in a row, our robots were completely delocalized (i.e. didn't know where on the field they are) and unable to dribble the ball. We were glad the half-time ended only 3:1 for UChile and our spirits were really down.
[](https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgxgw5hWJyWziKUeATjoAKYBuGFnBBc9CY7Vu7RTYcEP5HntCKgAhySV3Y-G1XDRIRhyphenhyphen-JYmCNBg0SytmvwU3jly2aKHgOa_mrm4A9T2NE2vFOWW-cP4I84GOupE_qmgB4sH20wRpl_OeE/s1600/DSC06417.JPG)
We discussed what's the issue and someone pointed out it rained a half hour before the game. Was the camera image maybe a bit dark? Yes the image was a lot darker than expected. We adapted our exposure and hoped for the best.
The second half-time started and we shot the 3:2. Not two minutes later we shot the 3:3 and the rooms was exploding with applause. UChile took their timeout and we used the time to recalibrate our cameras.
After the timeout ended we scored the 4:3 and took the lead. UChile used every bot against us and scored the 4:4. We took the opportunity when UChile had one bot less on the field to score the 5:4.
UChile used everything they had left and not two minuted before the end it looked very closed for them to score another goal, but we managed to fend it off. The game ended 5:4! :-D
Tomorrow we will play in the finals! Our opponent is being decided right now. The contenders are the teams B-Human from Germany and rUNSWift from Australia. We are currently celebrating a bit.
#### 1 comment:
[Newer Post](https://blog.htwk-robots.de/2014/07/video-of-fifth-game-naoteam-htwk-vs.html) [Older Post](https://blog.htwk-robots.de/2014/07/next-game-840pm-in-germany-is-versus.html) [Home](https://blog.htwk-robots.de/)
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a5284f00-b3a6-4d73-b8ff-1c0cccd217ab | https://blog.kocowa.com/tag/hur-young-ji/ | blog.kocowa.com | 2026-02-06T19:31:01Z | <urn:uuid:a5284f00-b3a6-4d73-b8ff-1c0cccd217ab> | <urn:uuid:02b9c413-98dd-4144-9e0d-ea83dfcba166> | 57,208 | 34 | Tag
## Hur Young Ji
*Browsing* |
de1eb99b-492c-4565-ac85-2e8cf76eeac4 | https://blog.ambienty.com.br/jardinagem-e-paisagismo/jardim-vertical-empresa | blog.ambienty.com.br | 2026-02-06T19:23:27Z | <urn:uuid:de1eb99b-492c-4565-ac85-2e8cf76eeac4> | <urn:uuid:6a78a260-17f8-423f-8204-1897003b7461> | 227,803 | 7,183 | - ** [Home](https://blog.ambienty.com.br)
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- Jardim vertical empresa especializada
**Buscas relacionadas:**
# Jardim vertical empresa especializada
Publicado em: 22/05/2023
Escrito por: [Ambienty](https://blog.ambienty.com.br/ambienty)
Uma empresa de jardim oferece uma variedade de serviços relacionados ao cuidado e manutenção de jardins, áreas verdes e paisagismo. Suas principais atividades incluem a elaboração de projetos paisagísticos, bem como a criação de layouts e planos para jardins.
Após o projeto, a empresa pode realizar instalações, serviços de manutenções, diversos cuidados de jardim e consultorias conforme as necessidades do cliente, tornando o processo mais descomplicado e ensinando de forma prática a como manter um jardim bonito e saudável.
Também é de suma importância destacar que as empresas de jardinagem oferecem diferentes pacotes de serviços, tornando-se recomendável solicitar informações diretamente para os prestadores de serviços e analisando como a empresa traz benefícios aos consumidores.
Sendo assim, se você está em busca dessas empresas e que oferecem custo-benefício e diversas outras vantagens, conheça a Ambienty Paisagismo!
A empresa está 100% disponível para oferecer atendimentos como a elaboração de projetos personalizados, manutenções de jardins e vasos, adubação adequada e podas de árvores.
Além disso, a Ambienty Paisagismo está há mais de 32 anos no ramo atuando com excelência e garantindo um resultado satisfatório ao cliente, trabalhando com transparência e dedicação total ao consumidor.
Ligue agora mesmo e saiba mais sobre os serviços prestados em nossa empresa!
Para saber mais sobre jardim vertical empresa, a Ambienty oferece as melhores soluções no segmento de Manutenção de jardim, o que é ideal para condomínios residenciais e comerciais. Afinal, são os maiores interessados em uma alternativa completa e que seja oferecida por uma empresa de confiança e dentro do prazo.
Trabalhamos com serviços de jardinagem preço na qual valorizamos nosso compromisso com nossos clientes, objetivando entregar produtos e serviços com acessível e sustantável, que satisfaça nossos clientes da melhor forma se tratando de jardim vertical empresa, detalhes que passam despercebidos e podem gerar prejuízo futuros para os clientes.
Veja outras soluções com relação a Manutenção de jardim.
- manutenção de jardim;
- mini árvores para jardim;
- jardinagem e paisagismo no abc;
- prestação de serviço de jardinagem;
- limpeza de palmeiras e coqueiros;
- entre outros.
O objetivo final é transformar o ambiente, harmonizando elementos naturais e artificiais para criar espaços agradáveis, funcionais e esteticamente atraentes. Em virtude do que foi mencionado, é importante ter muito claro a busca por uma empresa que oferece cumprimento de prazos e disponibilidade para atender cada cliente com toda a atenção. Para isso, confira mais detalhes sobre a Ambienty.
Só aqui na Ambienty você encontra as melhores opções que precisa para jardim vertical empresa, qualificações construídas pela empresa focar suas ações no resultado final tendo responsável onde, agregando a uma equipe comexperiencia comprovada, garantem o sucesso de seus clientes de ponta a ponta.
## Saiba mais sobre uma empresa de jardim vertical empresa
Você pode contar com a Ambienty, uma empresa reconhecida em sua região, para contratar essa e outras soluções do ramo de Manutenção de jardim, por exemplo, plantas de sol para jardim vertical, plantas rasteiras para jardim e mini árvores para jardim.
Desenvolvendo cada trabalho de uma forma profissional e objetiva, a organização prioriza as necessidades dos seus clientes. Saiba mais entrando em contato hoje mesmo!
## Sobre o autor
### [Ambienty](https://blog.ambienty.com.br/ambienty)
Nossa missão é a criação, implantação e manutenção de jardins, garantindo retorno aos clientes e respeitando os princípios de saúde, segurança e meio ambiente, proporcionando às pessoas e comunidades melhoria na qualidade de vida. Atendemos Condomínios residenciais e comerciais, Empresas e Órgãos Públicos, Escolas e Clínicas.
### Outras publicações
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- **ABC**
- **ABCD** |
b83e02ee-5236-49d4-8c75-dc6a8255c6b9 | https://blog.lawbiz.com/tag/time-management/ | blog.lawbiz.com | 2026-02-06T20:11:00Z | <urn:uuid:b83e02ee-5236-49d4-8c75-dc6a8255c6b9> | <urn:uuid:afd97667-0047-453f-8f68-406282a37f4f> | 51,681 | 2,028 | # Tag Archive: time management
## [LawBiz® Legal Pad: No, It’s Not the Same: Pricing vs. Billing, Part 2](https://blog.lawbiz.com/2014/07/videos/lawbiz-legal-pad-no-its-not-the-same-pricing-vs-billing-part-2-2/)
Ed advises: keep track of your work, bill timely, and collect efficiently.
[View page](https://blog.lawbiz.com/2014/07/videos/lawbiz-legal-pad-no-its-not-the-same-pricing-vs-billing-part-2-2/)
---
## [LawBiz® Legal Pad: There Just Is Not Enough Time](https://blog.lawbiz.com/2013/06/videos/lawbiz-legal-pad-there-just-is-not-enough-time/)
Lawyers’ days are just as long as everyone else’s but the amount of work can be exponentially greater. Today’s clip offers some time management tips so that you can accomplish more in less time.
[http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=pyTvSw8P2Fs?rel=0](http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=pyTvSw8P2Fs?rel=0)
[View page](https://blog.lawbiz.com/2013/06/videos/lawbiz-legal-pad-there-just-is-not-enough-time/)
---
## [LawBiz® Legal Pad On The Road!: Time Management](https://blog.lawbiz.com/2013/02/videos/lawbiz-legal-pad-on-the-road-time-management-2/)
Learn important skills from Ed as he talks about how a lawyer can best allocate his time to handle current issues as well as prepare himself for the future.
[View page](https://blog.lawbiz.com/2013/02/videos/lawbiz-legal-pad-on-the-road-time-management-2/)
---
## [LawBiz® Legal Pad On The Road!: Time Management](https://blog.lawbiz.com/2012/12/management/lawbiz-legal-pad-on-the-road-time-management/)
Learn important skills from Ed as he talks about how a lawyer can best allocate his time to handle current issues as well as prepare himself for the future.
[http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=GtdI-Kj6wto?rel=0](http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=GtdI-Kj6wto?rel=0)
[View page](https://blog.lawbiz.com/2012/12/management/lawbiz-legal-pad-on-the-road-time-management/)
--- |
0578e21f-7b77-4f3e-8743-fc09a92bfb79 | https://blog.latam.playstation.com/2015/06/23/devil-may-cry-4-special-edition-disponible-hoy-en-ps4/ | blog.latam.playstation.com | 2026-02-06T19:51:03Z | <urn:uuid:0578e21f-7b77-4f3e-8743-fc09a92bfb79> | <urn:uuid:290defb6-b6e8-40f1-9c1f-e2c184934213> | 161,197 | 4,547 |  [](https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Uz58uS7FZ28)
¡Saludos a la comunidad de PlayStation! Hideaki Itsuno de Capcom aquí. Ya va tiempo que no hablamos. Sé que ha sido una larga espera, pero finalmente ya está disponible Devil May Cry 4 Special Edition para [PlayStation 4](https://blog.latam.playstation.com/category/ps4/).
 [](https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Uz58uS7FZ28)
Para celebrar el lanzamiento del juego, me gustaría compartir algunos consejos y sugerencias para los tres nuevos personajes jugables, porque todos juegan de manera muy diferente. Empecemos con Vergil.
A diferencia de otros personajes, Vergil se puede desenvolver atacando cuerpo a cuerpo de manera simultánea con largo alcance gracias a sus espadas. Puedes mejorar sus destrezas de ataque pulsando el botón de ataque de largo alcance (botón de mando Cuadrado) durante la animación para un ataque de cuerpo a cuerpo (botón de mando Triángulo).
Pruébalo, y, si quieres luchar con más estilo, asegúrate usar el botón de mando Círculo que le permitirá a Vergil viajar instantáneamente a donde cualquier enemigo. Al usar la espada Yamato, mantén presionado el botón del Triángulo al final de un “combo string” y suéltalo para hacer un famoso “Just Judgement Cut”.
Una lucha con habilidad causará que se llene la válvula de Concentración de Vergil, mejorando su poder de ataque y dándole una ventaja en el campo de batalla.
Procedamos a hablar de Lady. Contrariamente a otros personajes a lo largo de la serie DMC, Lady nos es experta en el combate cuerpo a cuerpo. Trata de mantener su distancia del enemigo y céntrate en atacar con cierta distancia usando el botón de mando cuadrado.
Cada una de las armas de Lady tiene una respectiva distancia óptima, por lo que haz todo lo posible para usar las armas adecuadas con una distancia apropiada. Hará una gran diferencia en las habilidades de su ataque. Si te encuentras rodeado de enemigos, no entres en pánico. Con un simple tap en el botón L1, podrás desatar su modo de ataque “Burst”, brindándote una opción de escape. Lady es un simple ser humano, lo que significa que no es capaz de regenerar su salud usando el gatillo “Devil trigger” como lo puede hacer Dante o Vergil. Se le puede causar más daño cuando a Lady cuando se le ataca, por lo que recibir ataques puede conducir su muerte rápida si no tienes cuidado.
Por último, tienes a Trish. Para empezar, vas a querer lanzar la espada Sparda a los enemigos. Esta es la movida “Round Trip” (R1 + Joystick analogo izquierdo hacia el frente + botón de mando Círculo). Podrás usar esto para grupos de trampas por parte de los enemigos en un solo lugar, y después usar el botón de mando Triángulo para apilar en ataques combos de cuerpo a cuerpo. La combinación de Round Trip y ataques de mano a mano es la estrategia de ataque fundamental de Trish.
Round Trip es también una manera efectiva para llenar su válvula Devil Trigger, cual puedes utilizar para disparar su vengativo ataque “Revenge” con su arma Pandora. Pero ten en cuenta: Varios movimientos de Pandora tienen algunos controles matizados, y requieren algunos inputs direccionales pulsando el botón de mando Cuadrado.
Los tres nuevos personajes jugables tienen movimientos que les permite atacar a varios enemigos a la vez, por lo que todos son muy adecuados para el modo Legendary Dark Knight Mode, que te arroja un increíble número de enemigos a la vez.
También me gustaría recordarles a todos los fanáticos de PlayStation que con PS4 podrás subir vídeos del juego en acción. Esto era algo que simplemente no era posible con la versión original de DMC4 en PS3, así que espero que puedas compartir tus vídeos combo en línea. El equipo completo está muy ansioso de poder verlos.
Y con esto, les agradezco muchísimo todo su apoyo continuo para DMC4SE y la serie DMC. |
dad8f4b6-7818-4b10-82ed-6f7a67dbf0a6 | https://blog.latam.playstation.com/2025/06/05/silent-hill-f-se-lanzara-el-25-de-septiembre-gameplay-de-ps5-revelado/ | blog.latam.playstation.com | 2026-02-06T19:57:04Z | <urn:uuid:dad8f4b6-7818-4b10-82ed-6f7a67dbf0a6> | <urn:uuid:6e12adbe-3e8c-45cb-a35e-32b6d4e9305c> | 156,580 | 4,967 | 
Como parte del State of Play, me complace anunciar por fin la fecha de lanzamiento de Silent Hill f. También lanzamos un nuevo tráiler para celebrarlo. Échale un vistazo.
 [](https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=CAjCy94hUFI)
En este nuevo juego, que llegará a PS5 el 25 de septiembre, jugarás con Shimizu Hinako, una estudiante de secundaria de Ebisugaoka, que explora su ciudad natal mientras se ve envuelta en niebla y cambia de forma terrorífica, resolviendo acertijos y luchando por su vida en el proceso.
Mientras Hinako intenta sobrevivir en la ciudad cubierta por la niebla, se enfrentará a decisiones que determinarán su destino final. ¿Elegirá la elegancia y la belleza? ¿O su camino la llevará a la locura y el horror? ¿Está condenada a sucumbir a la locura que se despliega ante ella, o podrá enfrentarse a sus miedos y encontrar una forma de escapar?
El objetivo principal durante el desarrollo fue la siguiente: ”Encontrar la belleza en el terror”. Ese concepto nos llevó a cuatro pilares centrales para el juego que queremos destacar:
Primero, podrás explorar la auténtica representación del Japón de los años 60, con los intrincados detalles del brumoso paisaje urbano aún más sorprendentes cuando se disfrutan a una resolución 4K.
Segundo, los efectos visuales y la música continúan esa yuxtaposición entre belleza y terror. Está la belleza espantosa del diseño de los monstruos del juego, creados por kera, que fusiona el horror japonés con la singularidad de las anteriores creaciones terroríficas de Silent Hill; mientras que los compositores Akira Yamaoka y Kensuke Inage crean una partitura que evoca el pasado pero que encaja totalmente con este nuevo escenario.
Tercero, los acertijos se basan en la angustia y el sufrimiento psicológicos. El guionista Ryukishi07 los vinculó profundamente a la historia y también incluyó elementos de la cultura japonesa, como los espantapájaros (que han inspirado algunas de las inquietantes escenas que verás en el tráiler).
Por último, el juego ofrece un combate único. Los encuentros son tan desafiantes como los obstáculos que Hinako debe superar en la vida. El combate se centrará más en el cuerpo a cuerpo y estará más orientado a la acción en comparación con Silent Hill 2 del año pasado.
Como spinoff independiente, puedes disfrutar de este juego por sí solo como introducción a la serie. El juego también contiene sorpresas para los fans de toda la vida.
A pesar de la ambientación japonesa, la esencia del terror psicológico permanece intacta. Puedo recomendar este título a los fans de la serie con confianza, y me encantaría que los principiantes y los fans de las obras de Ryukishi07 le dieran una oportunidad. Este juego es imprescindible no solo para quienes buscan combates duros, sino también para quienes quieren sumergirse en una historia cautivadora e inquietante.
Además, el modo de gráficos mejorados de la PS5 Pro mantiene la fidelidad gráfica a unos FPS estables. Los jugadores podrán disfrutar de una experiencia de combate más fluida y estética.
El título saldrá a la venta el día 25 de septiembre y las reservas ya están disponibles en PlayStation Store.
| Edición estándar(Física/Descarga) | Reserva de la edición estándar | Edición Deluxe | Reserva de la Edición Deluxe |
| --- | --- | --- | --- |
| Juego Completo | Juego Completo | Juego Completo | Juego Completo |
| – | – | Libro de arte digital | Libro de arte digital |
| – | – | Banda sonora digital | Banda sonora digital |
| – | – | Disfraz de conejo rosa | Disfraz de conejo rosa |
| – | Disfraz de uniforme escolar de marinero blanco | – | Disfraz de uniforme escolar de marinero blanco |
| – | Omamori: Peonía | – | Omamori: Peonía |
| – | Paquete de objetosAbura-age marchita/Agua divina/Botiquín de primeros auxilios(Consumibles del juego) | – | Paquete de objetosAbura-age marchita/Agua divina/Botiquín de primeros auxilios(Consumibles del juego) |
| – | – | – | Acceso anticipado de 48 horas |
*Edición Deluxe disponible solo como descarga.
Pronto anunciaremos más detalles. No te los pierdas. |
d196ffa3-054d-4b95-99ad-fe99434499b0 | https://blog.naegele.net/2005/07/hacker-hacken-hacker.html | blog.naegele.net | 2026-02-06T19:18:32Z | <urn:uuid:d196ffa3-054d-4b95-99ad-fe99434499b0> | <urn:uuid:ce3325ed-db1e-45d6-afc9-86b163625e5d> | 23,626 | 386 | *Alles was einem manchmal durch den Kopf oder sonstige Organe geht. Vornehmlich nachts, manchmal auch tagsüber.*
## Mittwoch, Juli 27, 2005
### Hacker hacken Hacker
Prima Sache :-| müssen wir jetzt auch noch zusätzlich den Shell-Assembler-Code auseinanderfummeln: [heise online - Hacker hacken Hacker](http://www.heise.de/newsticker/meldung/62146)? |
c2bfb1fb-1b48-49ec-ad0b-b6895844d9de | https://blog.mcmurrayhatchery.com/topics/guest-articles/ | blog.mcmurrayhatchery.com | 2026-02-06T19:23:16Z | <urn:uuid:c2bfb1fb-1b48-49ec-ad0b-b6895844d9de> | <urn:uuid:f9bd35e2-ba85-4019-b16b-34b5c48291f4> | 217,632 | 1,009 | [](https://blog.mcmurrayhatchery.com/2025/10/13/raising-turkeys-for-beginners-with-stacy-benjamin-of-5r-farm/)
## [Raising Turkeys for Beginners with Stacy Benjamin of 5R Farm](https://blog.mcmurrayhatchery.com/2025/10/13/raising-turkeys-for-beginners-with-stacy-benjamin-of-5r-farm/)
by [McMurray Staff](https://blog.mcmurrayhatchery.com/author/mcmurray-staff-2/) | Oct 13, 2025 | [Backyard Poultry](https://blog.mcmurrayhatchery.com/topics/backyard-poultry/), [Featured](https://blog.mcmurrayhatchery.com/topics/featured/), [Guest Articles](https://blog.mcmurrayhatchery.com/topics/guest-articles/), [Other Fowl](https://blog.mcmurrayhatchery.com/topics/other-fowl/), [Turkeys](https://blog.mcmurrayhatchery.com/topics/other-fowl/turkeys/)
Raising baby turkeys, also called poults, can feel intimidating for beginners. There are a few important differences to be aware of when raising turkey poults as compared to raising chicks. Heritage turkeys are very healthy and hardy as adults, but perhaps... |
ee188dda-15d1-4be1-bdf3-e79b1bb1a9a8 | https://blog.kodako.com/2011/01/house-of-refuge.html | blog.kodako.com | 2026-02-06T19:58:01Z | <urn:uuid:ee188dda-15d1-4be1-bdf3-e79b1bb1a9a8> | <urn:uuid:e9185f51-2bbd-4553-b394-6d5ce18ae04b> | 75,208 | 890 | ## Thursday, January 20, 2011
### House of refuge
The bass line is the "house" where all the other musicians come to find refuge and shelter. If the bass player forgets his role, he makes all the other musicians homeless.
_ Abraham Laboriel
[Newer Post](https://blog.kodako.com/2011/01/all-scripture-is-useful-for-training.html) [Older Post](https://blog.kodako.com/2010/11/list-of-free-gnulinux-distributions-gnu.html) [Home](https://blog.kodako.com/)
Subscribe to: [Post Comments (Atom)](https://blog.kodako.com/feeds/8564895176877368998/comments/default)
### [Check Care Confirm Correct](https://blog.kodako.com/2023/02/check-care-confirm-correct.html)
As I glance through the pages of a book I'm reading, I learn one crucial aspect of human interaction that is worth observing and modula... |
57472d4a-26f0-412b-b443-664bca19668e | https://blog.myron.com/tag/personalized-business-gift | blog.myron.com | 2026-02-06T18:21:28Z | <urn:uuid:57472d4a-26f0-412b-b443-664bca19668e> | <urn:uuid:4ff83836-666a-4037-922d-4c64ca9bb88f> | 72,241 | 660 | One of the most effective ways to commemorate a special event or transaction is to offer a personalized business gift to those who have helped make it possible.
Companies, especially small businesses, often function best when they operate like a close-knit family. Bringing workers together is as simple as marking special occasions by rewarding individual workers or an entire workforce with a personalized memento from the company. Here are the top four times to celebrate hard work with a personalized business gift. 1. … [Read more](https://blog.myron.com/2011/06/01/the-top-four-occasions-to-reward-staff-with-personalized-gifts) |
cdd8d02f-1f63-4a98-99c9-8abed1f66d98 | https://blog.neotorg-line.ru/astra-prognoz-finansovykh-rezultatov-za-2023/1821/ | blog.neotorg-line.ru | 2026-02-06T20:02:03Z | <urn:uuid:cdd8d02f-1f63-4a98-99c9-8abed1f66d98> | <urn:uuid:35f1db8f-5762-4a90-af2a-c337b7446763> | 106,015 | 1,597 | # «Астра» — прогноз финансовых результатов за 2023
Наше мнение
ГК «Астра» должна объявить финансовые результаты за 2023 год во вторник, 2 апреля.
По нашим прогнозам, выручка составит 9,5 млрд рублей (+75% г/г), что в целом соответствует ранее раскрытым данным по динамике оборота.
Мы прогнозируем EBTIDA на уровне 4,2 млрд рублей (против 2,9 млрд рублей в 2022 году) с учетом роста выручки и потенциального эффекта от расходов на проведение IPO.
Мы обратим особое внимание на комментариям группы по вопросам ее развития с начала года, а также ее прогнозы на ближайшие периоды — эту информацию ГК «Астра» может представить на Дне инвестора, который также состоится 2 апреля.
- [Назад](https://blog.neotorg-line.ru/remont-npz-lukojjla-v-nizhnem-novgorode-mozhet-zanjat-1-2-mesjaca/1813/)
- [Далее](https://blog.neotorg-line.ru/obzor-rynka-zolota/1825/) |
5589c48f-cfb9-403e-8f4c-d082226b38b1 | https://blog.pepagora.com/category/b2b-trends/ | blog.pepagora.com | 2026-02-06T19:53:21Z | <urn:uuid:5589c48f-cfb9-403e-8f4c-d082226b38b1> | <urn:uuid:fe1239f2-9bf2-4b17-9016-7d2201c515db> | 89,743 | 2,260 | [Skip to content](#content)
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--- |
a7071a4e-1b3f-41a2-8445-ddf505a06f93 | https://blog.cesaregallotti.it/2023/10/guida-cisa-su-identity-and-access.html | blog.cesaregallotti.it | 2026-02-06T20:23:22Z | <urn:uuid:a7071a4e-1b3f-41a2-8445-ddf505a06f93> | <urn:uuid:53acf19e-4520-41b4-a360-b18fbff4dad6> | 94,195 | 1,573 | ## domenica 8 ottobre 2023
### Guida CISA su Identity and Access Management
Dal SANS NewsBites del 6 ottobre 2023, segnalo la notizia "CISA and NSA: Identity and Access Management Guidance", che a sua volta rimanda alla pubblicazione "Identity and Access Management: Developer and Vendor Challenges".
Questa pubblicazione non mi è sembrata molto interessante perché riassume alcune criticità, peraltro note.
C'è però un riferimento a un altro documento di marzo 2023 dal titolo "Identity and Access Management: Recommended Best Practices for Administrators": [https://www.nsa.gov/Press-Room/Press-Releases-Statements/Press-Release-View/Article/3336001/esf-partners-nsa-and-cisa-release-identity-and-access-management-recommended-be/](https://www.nsa.gov/Press-Room/Press-Releases-Statements/Press-Release-View/Article/3336001/esf-partners-nsa-and-cisa-release-identity-and-access-management-recommended-be/).
Questo, anche se non dice nulla di nuovo, mi sembra più interessante per un bel ripasso delle regole base per il controllo accessi. Da segnalare che gran parte del documento è dedicato alla promozione di tecniche MFA.
[Post più recente](https://blog.cesaregallotti.it/2023/10/gli-uomini-possono-fare-tutto-ottobre.html) [Post più vecchio](https://blog.cesaregallotti.it/2023/10/i-piu-comuni-errori-di-configurazione.html) [Home page](https://blog.cesaregallotti.it/)
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b8043ab1-cd80-40c5-93f5-5c915f09d6d8 | https://blog.cloudflare.com/zh-cn/tag/crypto-week/ | blog.cloudflare.com | 2026-02-06T20:10:51Z | <urn:uuid:b8043ab1-cd80-40c5-93f5-5c915f09d6d8> | <urn:uuid:b0b11bc5-aaa9-4d8e-9196-661b0348215a> | 458,163 | 7,921 | [处处无钥匙](/zh-cn/going-keyless-everywhere/)
2019-11-01
时光飞逝。距离Heartbleed漏洞被发现刚刚超过五年半。Heartbleed之所以家喻户晓，不仅因为它是第一个具有自己的网页和徽标的漏洞，还因为它揭示了整个互联网的脆弱性。由于Heartbleed的存在，密码库中的一个小小漏洞就可以暴露几乎所有在线网站用户的个人数据。...
[继续阅读 »](/zh-cn/going-keyless-everywhere/)
- 
[Nick Sullivan](/zh-cn/author/nick-sullivan/)
- 
[Chris Broglie](/zh-cn/author/cbroglie/)
[DNS加密说明](/zh-cn/dns-encryption-explained/)
2019-10-29
[Crypto Week](/zh-cn/tag/crypto-week/)[DNS](/zh-cn/tag/dns/)[DoH](/zh-cn/tag/doh/)[安全](/zh-cn/tag/security/)[研究](/zh-cn/tag/research/)[密码学](/zh-cn/tag/cryptography/)
域名系统（DNS）是互联网的地址簿。当您访问cloudflare.com或任何其他站点时，您的浏览器将向DNS解析器询问可以找到站点的IP地址。不幸的是，这些DNS查询和回应通常是不受保护的。加密DNS将改善用户隐私和安全性。在本文中，我们将研究两种用于加密DNS的机制，称为DNS over TLS（DoT）以及DNS over HTTPS（DoH），并解释它们的工作原理。...
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[Peter Wu](/zh-cn/author/peter-wu/)
[支持最新版本的Privacy Pass协议](/zh-cn/supporting-the-latest-version-of-the-privacy-pass-protocol/)
2019-10-28
[Crypto Week](/zh-cn/tag/crypto-week/)[Privacy Pass](/zh-cn/tag/privacy-pass/)[安全](/zh-cn/tag/security/)[研究](/zh-cn/tag/research/)[密码学](/zh-cn/tag/cryptography/)
在Cloudflare，我们致力于支持和开发新的隐私保护技术，使所有互联网用户受益。在2017年11月，我们宣布了对Privacy Pass协议的服务器端支持，这是我们与学术界合作开发的一项工作。简单地说，Privacy Pass允许客户提供信任证明，而无需透露提供信任的时间和地点。该协议的目的是让任何人都可以证明自己受到服务器的信任，而该服务器无法通过分配好的信任来跟踪用户。...
- 
[Alex Davidson](/zh-cn/author/alex-davidson/)
[介绍time.cloudflare.com](/zh-cn/secure-time/)
2019-06-21
[Crypto Week](/zh-cn/tag/crypto-week/)[密码学](/zh-cn/tag/cryptography/)[产品新闻](/zh-cn/tag/product-news/)[安全](/zh-cn/tag/security/)[研究](/zh-cn/tag/research/)
Cloudflare一直是先驱者，致力于对不安全互联网协议部署其安全版本并使任何人都可以免费使用。2014年，我们推出了世界上第一个免费、安全地HTTPS服务（Universal SSL），用来配合我们现有的免费HTTP计划。...
- 
[Aanchal Malhotra](/zh-cn/author/aanchal/)
[使用多域控制器验证确保证书颁发安全](/zh-cn/secure-certificate-issuance/)
2019-06-18
公众对互联网的信任是以公钥基础设施（PKI）为基础的。PKI通过签发数字证书，授予服务器安全服务网站的能力，为加密和真实的通信提供了基础。...
- 
[Dina Kozlov](/zh-cn/author/dina/)
- 
[Gabbi Fisher](/zh-cn/author/gabbi/)
### 更多帖子
2019年6月17日 13:01
[熵联盟：并非所有的英雄都身披斗篷](/zh-cn/league-of-entropy/)
在2019年加密周（Crypto Week 2019）开幕之际，我们非常激动能够宣布一个新的解决方案，用以解决密码学中一个长期存在的问题。要更好地理解此问题背后的技术，请参阅下一篇文章以获得更深入的了解。...
-
[Dina Kozlov](/zh-cn/author/dina/)
[Crypto Week](/zh-cn/tag/crypto-week/)
, [安全](/zh-cn/tag/security/)
, [密码学](/zh-cn/tag/cryptography/)
, [Entropy](/zh-cn/tag/entropy/)
, [LavaRand](/zh-cn/tag/lavarand/)
2018年9月20日 12:00
[介绍Cloudflare洋葱服务](/zh-cn/cloudflare-onion-service/)
两年前的这个星期，Cloudflare引入了机会性加密技术，该功能为那些还没有转变为HTTPS的网站提供了额外的安全和性能优势。事实上，在过去，一些网站只使用HTTP ---是不是很奇怪？这里的“机会性”意味着服务器通过HTTP Alternative Service请求头宣告了对HTTP / 2的支持，希望任何识别该协议的浏览器都可以在后续的域请求中利用这些优势。...
-
[Mahrud Sayrafi](/zh-cn/author/mahrud/)
[Crypto Week](/zh-cn/tag/crypto-week/)
, [安全](/zh-cn/tag/security/)
, [Tor](/zh-cn/tag/tor/)
, [隐私](/zh-cn/tag/privacy/)
, [Privacy Pass](/zh-cn/tag/privacy-pass/)
2018年9月17日 13:01
[Cloudflare进入“星际”（InterPlanetary）- Cloudflare的IPFS网关介绍](/zh-cn/distributed-web-gateway/)
今天，我们很高兴能够介绍Cloudflare的IPFS网关，这是一种从InterPlanetary文件系统（IPFS）访问内容的简便方法，不需要在您的计算机上安装和运行任何特殊软件就可以访问内容。我们希望我们在cloudflare-ipfs.com上托管的网关能够为许多新的可靠性和安全性高的Web应用程序服务。IPFS网关是第一个作为我们分布式Web网关项目的一部分而发布的产品，它是我们为新的分布式Web技术所作出的所有努力的成果。...
-
[Andy Parker](/zh-cn/author/andy/)
[Crypto Week](/zh-cn/tag/crypto-week/)
, [安全](/zh-cn/tag/security/)
, [IPFS](/zh-cn/tag/ipfs/)
, [Universal SSL](/zh-cn/tag/universal-ssl/)
, [SSL](/zh-cn/tag/ssl/)
2016年9月22日 14:34
[使用自动HTTPS重写修复混合内容问题](/zh-cn/fixing-the-mixed-content-problem-with-automatic-https-rewrites/)
CloudFlare旨在终结未加密的互联网。但我们在网络上一谈论到HTTPS就会面临一个先有鸡还是先有蛋的问题。 很久以前，建立支持HTTPS的网站很困难，昂贵且速度慢。后来出现了像CloudFlare的Universal SSL这样的服务，它使得从http：//切换到https：//就像点击按钮一样简单。只需点击一下网址，就可以通过HTTPS提供一个新建的免费SSL证书。...
-
[John Graham-Cumming](/zh-cn/author/john-graham-cumming/)
- [1](/zh-cn/tag/crypto-week/) |
80968a68-55ec-40d4-ae01-8d9c93ce3db6 | https://blog.rootsofcompassion.org/de/Neujahrskuchen/tierrechte/ | blog.rootsofcompassion.org | 2026-02-06T20:09:51Z | <urn:uuid:80968a68-55ec-40d4-ae01-8d9c93ce3db6> | <urn:uuid:ed543792-363a-4678-afbc-9fe2a817a9ae> | 128,266 | 38,822 | - [teilen](https://www.facebook.com/sharer/sharer.php?u=https%3A%2F%2Fblog.rootsofcompassion.org%2Fde%2Faktionstage-gegen-die-tierindustrie-voller-erfolg%2F)
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### In der vergangenen Woche fanden im Oldenburger Land die **Aktionstage gegen die Tierindustrie** und das entsprechende Camp vom Bündnis [Gemeinsam gegen die Tierindustrie](https://gemeinsam-gegen-die-tierindustrie.org/) statt. Dabei ist viel passiert. Hier einige Highlights:
## Molkerei besetzt
Zum Auftakt blockierten Aktivist*innen die Molkerei Ammerland in Oldenburg – als Protest gegen die Ausbeutung von Tieren, Umwelt und Menschen, die mit der Milchindustrie einhergeht.
Während ein Teil der Tierrechtler*innen auf das Dach kletterte und dort Banner herunterließ, klebten sich andere vor dem Tor an und befestigten Transparente mit den Aufschriften “Geschlossen wegen Tierleid” und “Tierquälerei hat hier einen Namen”. Die Polizei räumte die friedliche Blockade am Nachmittag.
Die Forderungen der Aktivist*innen:
“ Die @molkerei_ammerland soll kurzfristig pflanzliche Alternativen wie Hafermilch oder Sojamilch in ihr Sortiment aufnehmen und sich damit aktiv am Wandel zu einem sozial gerechten, pflanzlichen Ernährungssystem beteiligen.
 Die Bundes- und Landesregierungen sollen Landwirt*innen und Fischereigemeinden unterstützen bei der Abkehr von der Tierhaltung und Fischerei als Teil eines dringenden und sofortigen Übergangs zu einem pflanzlichen Lebensmittelsystem.
 Die Bundes- und Landesregierungen verpflichten sich, das frei gewordene Land und die Meere im Rahmen eines umfassenderen Programms zur Wiederherstellung der Tierwelt und zum Kohlenstoffabbau wieder zu verwildern.”
## Banneraktion bei Agravis
Nur zwei Tage später folge die nächste Aktion: Aktivist*innen bringt ein riesiges Transpi beim Futtermittelhersteller Agravis in Oldenburg an.
Der Betrieb importiert massenhaft Soja aus dem globalen Süden und befeuert damit Umwelt- und Klimazerstörung.
## Tönnies-Schlachthof blockiert
Ihren Höhepunkt fanden die Aktionstage am Montag, als Aktivist*innen einen Schlachthof von Tönnies in Badbergen lahmlegten.
Während einige eine Sitzblockade machten und teilweise angekettet und -geklebt waren, wurden Banner vom Dach und von einem LKW gelassen.
Die Forderung fasst die Aktionstage gut zusammen:
**“Raus aus dieser zerstörerischen und grausamen Industrie!”**
Dem können wir uns nur anschließen.
Falls auch ihr euch an Aktionen zivilen Ungehorsams beteiligen wollt, schaut doch mal beim Bündnis [Gemeinsam gegen die Tierindustrie](https://gemeinsam-gegen-die-tierindustrie.org/) vorbei und kommt nächstes Jahr zu den Aktionstagen.
Fotos:
[Hambipilger](https://www.instagram.com/hambipilger/), [Gemeinsam gegen die Tierindustrie](https://www.instagram.com/ggtierindustrie/), [Hendrik Hassel](https://www.instagram.com/hendrik.hassel/), [miss_staedter](https://www.instagram.com/miss_staedter/)
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[](https://blog.rootsofcompassion.org/de/highlights-der-worldwide-vegan-chalking-night-2022/)
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Jedes Jahr verabreden sich weltweit Veganer*innen und Tierrechtsaktivistis, um in derselben Nacht, der **Worldwide Vegan Chalking Night** oder kurz WWVC, vegane Botschaften mit Kreide auf öffentliche Plätze, Straßen und Wege ihres jeweiligen Ortes zu malen.
Diese Form des Aktivismus ist besonders für all diejenigen geeignet, die sich mit konfrontativeren Formen der Auseinandersetzung und militanteren Aktionen nicht so wohl fühlen und dennoch ihre Stimme für die Tiere erheben wollen, die in den Mastanlagen und Schlachthöfen dieser Welt ausgebeutet und getötet werden. Und dabei zieht die Aktionsform nicht wenig Aufmerksamkeit Nichtbeteiligter auf sich.
# **Im Folgenden präsentieren wir euch einige Highlights der WWVCN 2022:**
**Bist du beim nächsten Mal dabei? 😉**
Bildquellen:
Instagram-Kanäle von ARIWA Lüneburg, Ingolstadt vegan, Münster for Liberation, Petazwei Karlsruhe, VGT Österreich, Worldwideveganchalking
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# Nachts im Labor out now
 “Nachts im Labor”, das erste kindgerechte Buch gegen Tierversuche, ist endlich da! Das Buch erzählt die Geschichte der Äffin “Mo”, die aus ihrer Heimat Mauritius entführt und in ein Münsteraner Tierversuchslabor (Ähnlichkeiten mit Covance natürlich rein zufällig) gebracht wird. Dort fasst sie den Entschluss, gemeinsam mit den anderen Tieren zu fliehen. Ihr erhaltet das Werk von Marco Mehring und Lena Wenz [bei uns im Shop](https://www.rootsofcompassion.org/nachts_im_labor?q=blog) und könnt es auch in jeder anderen Buchhandlung bestellen. Das Shirt zum Buch gibt’s übrigens [hier](https://www.rootsofcompassion.org/Neu-im-Sortiment?q=blog).
# Pferdeblut in Schweinezucht
 Wusstest du, dass bei der “Erzeugung” von Schweine”fleisch” Pferdeblut verwendet wird? Das Hormon **Pregnant Mare Serum Gonadotropin** oder kurz **PMSG** wird daraus gewonnen und Tieren in der Mast verabreicht, um die Gebärzyklen zu synchronisieren und zu verkürzen. Die Gewinnung findet in Blutfarmen statt, in denen Stuten unter grausamen Bedingungen einen Kreislauf von Befruchtung, Blutentnahme und Abtreibung durchlaufen und irgendwann getötet und als Pferdefleisch verkauft werden. Mehr Infos dazu findest du in unserer [neuen Broschüre “PMSG”](https://www.rootsofcompassion.org/PMSG?q=blog) von der Tierrechtsinitiative akTIERismus e. V.
# Supermarkt besetzt
Kürzlich haben Aktivist*innen von Animal Rebellion Deutschland die “Fleisch”- und “Käsetheke” eines Berliner Edeka-Marktes blockiert und auf das Leid nichtmenschlicher Tiere sowie die sonstigen verheerenden Auswirkungen der Tierindustrie direkt am Ort des Konsums hingewiesen. Sie forderten den Konzern auf, sich ab sofort aktiv am Übergang zu einem pflanzenbasierten Ernährungssystem zu beteiligen.
# Was es sonst Neues gibt
- die [neue Ausgabe der Tierbefreiung](https://www.rootsofcompassion.org/tierbefreiung-115_de?q=blog) befasst sich u. a. mit den Themen Domestikation, Demolyrik und Tierrettungen im Ukraine-Krieg
- unsere Edelstahlflaschen kannst du nun auch mit schicker [Bambus Loop Cap](https://www.rootsofcompassion.org/klean-kanteen-edelstahl-bambus_loop-cap?q=blog) erwerben. Die Caps gibt’s aber auch einzeln, falls du schon eine Flasche hast.
**Bis bald, wir wünschen dir eine gute Zeit!**
**Deine rocis** ❤
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# Schließung aller Schlachthäuser
Weltweit fordern Tierrechtsorganisationen und Aktive im Rahmen der Demoreihe “Für die Schließung aller Schlachthäuser” das Ende der Tierausbeutung. 2018 beteiligten sich 35 Städte in 15 Ländern, von Vancouver bis Melbourne und von Amsterdam bis Zagreb.
In Deutschland werden die Großdemonstrationen maßgeblich von ARIWA organisiert und koordiniert. Die Termine für Hamburg, Stuttgart, Frankfurt, Berlin und andere Städte gibt’s [hier](https://www.ariwa.org/schliessung-aller-schlachthaeuser/). Und Fahnen, Shirts und Aufkleber findest du [bei uns](https://www.rootsofcompassion.org/fahnen).
## Death in my Metal ..
… not in my meals! Es ist ja schon lange kein Geheimnis mehr, dass die meisten Metalheads liebevolle sanfte Seelen sind 🖤 Darum [hier](https://www.rootsofcompassion.org/navi.php?qs=T276) das von vielen Menschen ersehnte Death in my Metal-Shirt. Für alle, die Carcass und Bloodbath nur auf dem Plattenteller mögen 😉
Wie immer sind die Shirts aus 100 % Bio-Baumwolle, unter fairen Arbeitsbedingungen sowie klimaschonend hergestellt und mit veganen Farben bei uns in der Nachbar*innenschaft bedruckt.
## Guppyfriend Waschbeutel
Sogar die allerhärtesten Metalheads waschen ab und an ihre Klamotten (erwischt!). Wenn die Kleidung Synthetik enthält, brechen dabei Teile der Fasern ab, gelangen ins Abwasser und so in Flüsse und Meere. Um das zu verhindern, gibt es den [Guppyfriend](https://www.rootsofcompassion.org/guppyfriend-waschbeutel_de).
Mit diesem Waschbeutel brechen 86 % weniger Kunststofffasern ab. Die Fasern, die sich dennoch ablösen, lagern sich in den Ecken des Waschbeutels ab und können ganz einfach mit der Hand entfernt und im Restmüll entsorgt werden.
## Besetzung Hühner-Schlachterei
In der Nacht auf den 27.05. besetzten 50 Aktivist*innen vom Bündnis [Gemeinsam gegen die Tierindustrie](https://gemeinsam-gegen-die-tierindustrie.org/) Hessens größten Hühner-Schlachthof Plukon in Gudensberg nahe Kassel. Normalerweise werden hier täglich über 130.000 Individuen getötet. Am Aktionstag stand der Betrieb für 10 Stunden still, bis die Blockade schließlich durch die Polizei geräumt wurde. Viele Medien berichteten von der Aktion, etwa die [Hessenschau](https://www.hessenschau.de/wirtschaft/tierschuetzer-besetzen-zufahrt-von-gefluegelschlachthof,protestaktion-plukon-gudensberg-102.html) und [RTL](https://www.rtl.de/cms/aktivisten-blockieren-schlachthof-im-nordhessischen-gudensberg-4767337.html). “Wir brauchen jetzt einen sozial gerechten, schnellen Ausstieg aus der Tierindustrie und den Übergang zu einer solidarischen und ökologischen Produktionsweise“, so Friedrich Kirsch vom Bündnis in einem Statement zur Aktion.
## biofaire Unterwäsche
Nur mal kurz angemerkt: Bei uns gibt’s nun auch Unterwäsche! Erstmal unbedruckt, aber wenn’s gut läuft, vielleicht auch mal mit schicken Motiven. Wir werden sehen 🙂
Auch hier gilt:
- Baumwolle 100 % bio
- unter fairen Arbeitsbedingungen hergestellt
- angenehm weich zu tragen
# Neue Romane
Und zu guter Letzt gibt’s noch ein bisschen frischen Lesestoff:
- [Adas Raum](https://www.rootsofcompassion.org/adas-raum_de) von Aktivistin und Bachmann-Preisträgerin Sharon Dodua Otoo erzählt die Reise Adas. Ada ist nicht eine, sondern viele Frauen: ihre Geschichte erstreckt sich über Jahrhunderte und führt sie an viele Orte. Im Jahr 1459 ist sie Mutter im westafrikanischen Totope, 1848 wird sie zur Computer-Pionierin in London, 1945 zur Prostituierten in einem KZ und 2019 ist sie eine junge Schwangere auf dem Berliner Wohnungsmarkt. Adas Reise durch verschiedene Lebenswelten und Jahrhunderte ist eine Geschichte über das Elend und Glück, Frau zu sein, eine Geschichte des Widerstands und des Kampfes für Unabhängigkeit, eine Geschichte vieler miteinander verwobener Leben.
- Das Magazin [Das Fleischkapital](https://www.rootsofcompassion.org/das-fleischkapital_de) macht auf den Zusammenhang zwischen Kapitalismus und Ausbeutung von Menschen, anderen Tieren und Umwelt aufmerksam.
- [Ministerium der Träume](https://www.rootsofcompassion.org/ministerium-der-traeume_de) ist das Romandebut von Hengameh Yaghoobifarah über Wahl- und Zwangsfamilie. Ein schonungslos berührendes Buch über den bedingungslosen Zusammenhalt unter Geschwistern, das auch in die dunklen Ecken deutscher Gegenwart vordringt.
- Mit [Identitti](https://www.rootsofcompassion.org/identitti_de) hat Mithu Sanyals es geschafft, “die ganze identitätspolitische Problematik in eine Geschichte zu packen – und zwar so, dass man auf fast jeder Seite lachen muss.“ (Katty Salié, ZDF aspekte)
- Das Zine [Angewandte Kryptographie](https://www.rootsofcompassion.org/angewandte-kryptographie_de) führt kurz und bündig in effektive Computersicherheit und Repressionsschutz ein.
**Lass es dir gut gehen, pass auf dich und andere auf.**
**dein roots of compassion Team** ❤
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***roc: Habt ihr Lust, euch kurz vorzustellen? Wer seid ihr, was macht ihr?***
Hallo, wir sind Uli, Tom und Direct Action Bunny vom [tierbefreiungsarchiv](http://tbarchiv.blogsport.de/). Wir sind seit einigen Jahren in der Tierrechts- oder Tierbefreiungsbewegung aktiv und machen seit 2014 Archivarbeit, d. h. wir sammeln und archivieren Materialien der Bewegungen und machen sie für Forschende und Interessierte zugänglich. Nebenbei geben wir auch Vorträge und Workshops.
***roc: Wie seid ihr organisiert und wie finanziert ihr euch?***
Wir sind als Projekt beim Verein[die tierbefreier e.V.](https://tierbefreier.org/) angesiedelt, der uns finanziell unterstützt. Ein bisschen Geld bekommen wir aber auch über Spenden. Bei uns gibt es keine*n Chef*in, wir sind also wie ein Kollektiv organisiert und treffen wichtige Entscheidungen gemeinsam im Plenum. Dann gibt‘s da noch eine Art „Dunstkreis“ von Menschen, die wir bei grundlegenden Fragen immer wieder einbinden. Wir versuchen im Allgemeinen die Hierarchien flach zu halten oder aufzulösen. Um nur ein Beispiel zu nennen: Die Person, die eine Aufwandsentschädigung bekommt, enthält sich bei Entscheidungen, die diese Gelder betreffen, grundsätzlich.
***roc: Immer schön zu hören, dass es da draußen noch mehr [Kollektive](https://www.rootsofcompassion.org/kollektiv-produkte) gibt, cool! Warum ist es eurer Meinung nach wichtig, die Geschichte der Tierrechts- und Tierbefreiungsbewegung festzuhalten? Was ist euer Ziel?***
Wir glauben, dass das ganze mehrere Ebenen hat. Zum einen leisten staatliche oder kommunale Archive nicht die Arbeit, Materialien verschiedenster sozialer Bewegungen zu sammeln, u. a., weil der Staat wenig Interesse daran hat, die eigene Opposition zu archivieren. Das könnte ja die eigene Erzählung brüchig machen. Daraus resultiert wohl auch eine gesunde Skepsis innerhalb der sozialen Bewegungen, ihre Materialien an staatliche Archive zu geben. Daher ist es die Aufgabe von Aktivist*innen der jeweiligen Bewegungen, die eigenen Materialien und damit die eigene Geschichte zu erhalten. Vor diesem Hintergrund haben wir uns vor einigen Jahren entschieden, diese Aufgabe für die Tierrechts- und Tierbefreiungsbewegung zu übernehmen.
## “Nutzen wir Inhalte, die anderen sozialen Bewegungen zuwiderlaufen?”
Eine weitere, vielleicht sehr einfach klingende Ebene ist das Verstehen der heutigen Bewegung. Die Tierrechts- und Tierbefreiungsbewegungen sind nicht vom Himmel gefallen, sie haben Vorläufer. Und um zu verstehen, wo wir heute stehen, ist es wichtig die eigenen Traditionen zu kennen. Weiterhin können wir lernen, welche Strategien oder Aktionsformen wirksam waren, jedoch heute weniger wirksam sind, da sich durch die Digitalisierung die Rahmenbedingungen unserer Gesellschaft verändert haben. Daneben ist auch eine inhaltliche Reflexion des eigenen Standpunktes möglich – wie kommunizieren wir beispielsweise nach außen? Nutzen wir Inhalte oder Themenkomplexe, die anderen sozialen Bewegungen zuwiderlaufen? Nehmen wir zum Beispiel sexistische Kampagnen. Die Kritik an ihnen ist so alt wie die Kampagnen selbst; die Argumente dafür und dagegen scheinen sich jedoch über die Zeit wenig verändert zu haben. Eine historische Spurensuche, Einordnung und Analyse kann an dieser Stelle dazu dienen, Diskussionen innerhalb der Bewegung auf ein anderes Niveau zu heben und nicht ständig in Dauerschleifen zu geraten. Und gerade für junge Aktivistis bietet eine Auseinandersetzung mit der Bewegungsgeschichte die Möglichkeit, zu sehen, wie weit Diskussionen, Strategien, und Aktionsformen bereits in den 1990er Jahren waren und dann neue Wege zu beschreiten, aber auch an Prozesse anzuknüpfen, die kontinuierliche Kämpfe abbilden – siehe die Auseinandersetzung mit [LPT in Hamburg](https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=qFjF0Dy3Uh0). Hier wurden in den 1980er Jahren die ersten Tierbefreiungen in Deutschland durchgeführt und heute finden Großdemonstrationen am selben Ort statt.
## “Aktivismus ist eben kein Sprint, sondern ein Marathon […] Und festzustellen, dass wir quasi den Staffelstab weitertragen, erscheint uns als ein Gegenmittel gegen das Gefühl allein zu kämpfen”
Die Auseinandersetzung mit der Geschichte kann aber auch Teil einer Resilienz-Strategie sein. Festzustellen, dass es vor 200 Jahren Vorläufer*innen unserer Ideen gab, kann motivieren langfristig am Ball zu bleiben. Es zeigt sich, dass gesellschaftliche Veränderungen nicht immer schnell funktionieren. Aktivismus ist eben kein Sprint, sondern ein Marathon. Und festzustellen, dass wir quasi den Staffelstab weitertragen, erscheint uns als ein Gegenmittel gegen das Gefühl allein zu kämpfen, sowohl räumlich als auch, wie in unserem Fall, zeitlich.
Ein letzter Punkt, den wir ansprechen möchten, ist die Möglichkeit, durch die Auseinandersetzung mit der Tierrechts-/ Tierbefreiungsgeschichte den großen Erzählungen (Kapitalismus, Domestizierung, Nationen,…), die auf Konkurrenzsystemen, Ausbeutung und Unterdrückung aufbauen, etwas entgegenzusetzen – eine Geschichte bzw. Erzählung von Solidarität und Mitgefühl über Speziesgrenzen hinaus. Das ist wohl auch eines unserer Ziele: ein Teil derjenigen zu sein, die diese solidarische und empathische Geschichte erzählen möchten. Dies ist selbstverständlich eine riesige Aufgabe, aber die Geschichten der Solidarität werden von vielen Aktivist*innen geschrieben, gesungen, gemalt, performt usw. und unsere Aufgabe ist es, diesen verschiedensten Personen Material für ihre Erzählungen bereitzustellen.
***roc: “Archiv” klingt ja so ein bisschen nach verstaubten Büchern und drögem Sortieren vergilbter Dokumente. Wie viel hat das Klischee mit eurem Alltag zu tun? Was macht die Arbeit für euch so spannend?***
Ehrlich gesagt könnte unser Alltag, bis auf die verstaubten Bücher, so beschrieben werden, jedoch ist selbst das gar nicht so langweilig wie es vielleicht klingen mag. Ältere Dokumente – egal ob Flugblätter, Broschüren, Zeitschriften oder klassische Aktenordner – ermöglichen immer wieder einen Einblick in eine Zeit vor unserem eigenen Aktivismus. Wer hat wann welche Aktionen gemacht, wie hat sich die Gestaltung der Medien verändert, welche Themen waren relevant?
## “Unsere Aufgabe könnte beschrieben werden als das Aufrechterhalten des Gedächtnisses der Bewegung.”
Ein weiterer Punkt – und wir glauben, dass dies häufig fehlinterpretiert wird – ist, dass wir mit den Sortier- und Archivierungsaufgaben die eigentliche Grundlage für Forschung schaffen. An und für sich ist es nicht die Aufgabe von Archiven und den Aktiven in diesen Projekten, die Geschichte einer Bewegung zu schreiben; dies ist eher die Aufgabe von Historiker*innen, Aktivist*innen oder Journalist*innen. Unsere Aufgabe könnte beschrieben werden als das Aufrechterhalten des Gedächtnisses der Bewegung. Wir bieten also mehr die Grundlage für andere Arbeiten, auch wenn wir gern selbst recherchieren und Vorträge oder Workshops aus unseren Recherchen entwickeln. Ein Punkt, der natürlich auch zu unserem Alltag gehört, ist Vernetzung. Mittlerweile sind wir bei einigen Veranstaltungen nahezu Inventar, so beispielsweise beim Veganen Wintermarkt in Dresden. Hier dürfen wir dieses Jahr zum fünften Mal in Folge einen inhaltlichen Beitrag beisteuern. Auf den Veranstaltungen sammeln wir beispielsweise Materialien ein – falls also mal wer bei einem Straßenfest alle Stände abgegangen ist und je ein Exemplar von euren Materialien erschnorrt hat, dann könnte das ein*e Aktivist*in von uns gewesen sein. Gern würden wir diesen Vernetzungspunkt auch intensivieren, da wir ja abhängig von der Bewegung sind und es wichtig ist, dass uns die Akteur*innen in der Bewegung kennen. Leider ist das aber auch immer eine finanzielle Frage; momentan können wir es nicht leisten, alle Veranstaltungen zu besuchen oder zu unterstützen, bei denen wir gern wären.
***roc: Was ist das älteste Stück in eurem Archiv?***
Ein vegetarisches Kochbuch von 1916. Das haben wir mal zufällig auf einem Flohmarkt gefunden.
***roc: Und wie seht ihr die aktuelle Entwicklung der Tierrechts- und Tierbefreiungsbewegung? Gibt es Dinge, die ihr aufgrund eurer Perspektive kritisieren würdet? Fehler, die wir schon einmal gemacht haben und gerade wiederholen?***
Ganz sicher sind wir nicht, ob es uns zusteht, die Entwicklung der Bewegung zu kritisieren; zumindest aus Projektperspektive erscheint dies schwierig. Aber selbstverständlich haben wir persönliche Ansichten, die auch in unsere Arbeit einfließen. Interessant erscheint uns beispielsweise die Entwicklung des Diskurses rund um Veganismus: Unsere Materialien zeigen vor allem für die 1990er Jahre klar, dass Veganismus zu dieser Zeit stark mit emanzipatorischen Ideen verbunden war. Um nur zwei Beispiele zu nennen: Anfang der 1990er Jahre entstand die „Vegane Offensive Ruhrgebiet“, die sowohl in die linke Szene als auch in die Tierrechtsbewegung wirken wollte. Veganismus war hier Teil eines Kampfes für die Befreiung von Mensch und Tier. In eine ähnliche Richtung ging auch das Magazin „vegan-info“ – hier wurde Veganismus ebenfalls in einen größeren Kontext gestellt.
## “Lasst uns aufhören dauernd über Essen zu reden, lasst uns vielmehr über gesellschaftliche, soziale, kulturelle und ökonomische Verhältnisse reden”
Heute hingegen können wir heute in vielen Teilen der Tier- und Vegan-Bewegungen feststellen, dass dieser Anspruch wohl etwas auf der Strecke geblieben ist. Veganismus kann gerade vielmehr als neoliberaler Lifestyle verstanden werden, da steht oft Körperoptimierung und Gesundheitsdiskurs im Vordergrund. Wie schon die [Antispeziesistische Aktion Tübingen](http://asatue.blogsport.de/) feststellt, scheint es so, dass die Tierrechtsbewegung in den letzten Jahren ihren Fokus auf die Veganisierung von Individuen gelegt hat und dadurch die gesellschaftlichen und ökonomischen Rahmenbedingungen außer Acht gelassen wurden. Dies führt unserer Meinung dazu, dass der Veganismus-Begriff aufgeweicht und zu einer Ernährungsform reduziert wird. Daher könnte unsere Kritik lauten: Die Menschen wissen mittlerweile, was Veganismus bedeutet. Lasst uns aufhören dauernd über Essen zu reden, lasst uns vielmehr über gesellschaftliche, soziale, kulturelle und ökonomische Verhältnisse reden, um eine Befreiung von Mensch und Tier zu erreichen. Oder, wie es Menschen von [tierbefreiung dresden](http://tierbefreiung-dresden.org/) gut auf den Punkt gebracht haben: Während wir als Bewegung in den 1990er und 2000er Jahren gefordert haben „Werde vegan!“, sollten wir heute fordern „Werde aktiv gegen Ausbeutung und Unterdrückung!“.
***roc: Vielleicht gibt es da draußen ja Menschen, die jetzt gerade einen Artikel, ein Buch oder eine wissenschaftliche Arbeit über die Tierrechtsbewegung schreiben. Wie können Interessierte Zugang zu eurem Archiv erhalten?***
Das ist recht simpel. Ihr könnt uns per Email an ***tierbefreiungsarchiv[ätt]riseup.net*** eine Anfrage schicken. Einen ersten Einblick bietet auch schon unsere [Website](http://tbarchiv.blogsport.de/). Die Einsicht in die Materialien erfolgt dann in der Regel vor Ort im Archiv selbst. Das findet sich wiederum in der sächsischen Kleinstadt Döbeln (das tierbefreiungsarchiv, Bahnhofstraße 56, 04720 Döbeln). Das mag vielleicht einige von einem Besuch abschrecken, jedoch können wir auch einige Vorteile unserer Lage nennen: Zum einen bietet die Lage im ländlichen Raum gute Voraussetzungen für eine ruhige Recherche. Zum anderen haben wir die Möglichkeit Schlafplätze direkt im selben Haus zu vermitteln. Ganz nebenbei ist auch das vegane Essensangebot, trotz Kleinstadtverhältnissen, recht gut. Auch für ein kulturelles Rahmenprogramm ist meist gesorgt, da sich im selben Haus wie das Archiv auch ein soziokultureller Treffpunkt, das [Café Courage](https://treibhaus-doebeln.de/cafe-courage/), befindet. Kommt also gerne vorbei!
***roc: Wenn nun Menschen Aktionen oder Demos machen, die aber gar nicht in der Presse vorkommen, ist es mit dem Archivieren ja gar nicht so leicht. Können Menschen euch kontaktieren und von Aktionen berichten?***
Gern können Menschen uns ihre Aktionsberichte zukommen lassen. Am besten für uns in geschriebener Form oder als digitales Audiodokument. Zudem kommen die meisten Aktionen oder Demonstrationen nicht ohne Informationsmaterial aus – ein Flugblatt ist nahezu immer am Start. An diesen Materialien sind wir natürlich auch interessiert und es würde unsere Arbeit ungemein erleichtern, wenn sich Gruppen und Vereine dazu entschließen würden, uns regelmäßig (z.B. einmal pro Jahr) je ein Exemplar ihrer Flugblätter, Broschüren oder anderer Materialien zuzusenden.
***roc: Ein Vögelchen hat mir gezwitschert, dass ihr gerade eine [Crowdfunding-Kampagne](https://www.leetchi.com/c/tbarchiv) gestartet habt. Wofür braucht ihr das Geld und warum sollte mensch euch unterstützen?***
Weil das Archiv in den letzten Jahren so stark gewachsen ist, können wir das mittlerweile leider nicht mehr ehrenamtlich betreuen. Bisher hat uns der Verein die tierbefreier e.V eine monatliche Aufwandsentschädigung gezahlt. Aber das Projekt ist ja nicht nur für den Verein, sondern für die gesamte Tierrechts- und Tierbefreiungsbewegung da. Daher war unsere Idee, die finanzielle Last auf viele Schultern zu verteilen. Für die Aufwandsentschädigung fallen insgesamt 9.600 € und für die Raummieten 2.400 € an, um die Archivgutbetreuung für die nächsten zwei Jahre abzusichern. Das Gesamtziel beläuft sich auf 20.000 €. Mit den 8.000 € Differenz möchten wir unter anderem „professionelles“ – sprich säurefreies – Verpackungsmaterial (Mappen und Boxen) für die Materialien erwerben. Auch verschiedenste Arbeitsmaterialien würden dem Archiv gut tun, beispielsweise ein besseres Schneidegerät. [Eine genaue Auflistung der Kostenpunkte ist [hier](http://tbarchiv.blogsport.de/images/AufschlsselungderKosten001.jpg) zu finden]. Um die oben beschriebenen Reflexions- und Recherchemöglichkeiten zu gewährleisten, braucht es eben auch Menschen, die sich darum kümmern sowie Räume, in denen die Materialien lagern können und Aufbewahrungsmaterial, das langfristig hält.
## “Die einzigen, von denen wir abhängig sein möchten, sind die Bewegungen für Tierrechte und Tierbefreiung.”
Für uns ist es schwer vorstellbar, wie es wäre, wenn wir unsere eigenen Zeitzeugnisse nicht mehr einsehen könnten. Wie viele Geschichten würden vergessen bleiben oder könnten nie erzählt werden? Wie sollte eine über Speziesgrenzen hinweg reichende Solidaritätsgeschichte geschrieben werden, wenn niemand in ein Archiv gehen könnte, das Dokumente zu dieser Geschichte bereithält? Und wer, wenn nicht die Aktivist*innen und Organisationen der eigenen Bewegung, würde momentan Projekte wie Lebenshöfe, Verlage oder unser Archiv unterstützen? Wir wollen nicht auf Fördermittel oder Sponsoring angewiesen sein. Die einzigen, von denen wir abhängig sein möchten, sind die Bewegungen für Tierrechte und Tierbefreiung.
***roc: Unsere Solidarität habt ihr. Viel Glück!***
Danke, und vielen Dank für die Möglichkeit des Interviews!
*Fotos: Tierbefreiungsarchiv, die tierbefreier
Bild unten: Hartmut Kiewert
**Interview: Tuki
*
Dieses Soli-Poster des Tierrechtskünstlers Hartmut Kiewert ist [hier](https://hartmutkiewert.de/produkt/soli-poster-tierbefreiungsarchiv/) erhältlich. Sämtlicher Gewinn geht an das Tierbefreiungsarchiv.
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Am 1. Juli findet von 9:30 bis 18:00 an der Universität Hamburg eine wissenschaftliche Tagung der Group for Society and Animals Studies (GSA) über die sozialen und kulturellen Bedeutungen und Funktionen der Produktion und Konsumtion von Fleisch statt.
Verschiedene Fragestellungen werden von renommierten Referent_innen und Nachwuchswissenschaftler_innen diskutiert. Unter anderem:
- Fragen nach der Konstruktion von “essbaren” und “nicht-essbaren” Tieren und ambivalenten Konstruktionen innerhalb der Mensch-Tier-Beziehung
- Die Rolle von medialen Diskursen und Darstellungen rund um Fleischkonsum und –produktion sowie Vegetarismus/Veganismus
- Die Bedeutung von Fleisch(konsum) innerhalb der symbolischen Ordnung
- Fleisch als Ausdruck eines gewaltförmigen Verhältnisses und damit verbundene Normalisierungs- und Neutralisierungsstrategien
- Die Frage nach der gesellschaftlichen Genese von Indifferenz und Empathie gegenüber systematischer Gewalt an Tieren
Unter anderem tragen vor: Prof. Dr. Klaus Petrus (Uni Bern), Dr. Matthew Cole/Dr. Kate Stewart (Universität Bristol), Dr. Karen Morgan (Universität Cardiff), Prof. Dr. Peter Kunzmann (Universität Jena), Renate Brucker, Melanie Bujok und viele andere.
Alle Interessierten sind herzlich zu der Tagung eingeladen, Anmeldeschluss ist der 27. Juni!
Die GSA entstand 2010 als Projekt von Studierenden und Absolvent_innen sowie einer Professorin der Universität Hamburg, die zu einer Verankerung der Diskussion des Verhältnisses zwischen Mensch/Gesellschaft und Tier in der Soziologie beitragen wollen. Denn diese wurde bislang in der deutschsprachigen Soziologie trotz der großen gesellschaftlichen Bedeutung dieses Themas kaum geführt. Die GSA bietet sich also als Anlauf- und Sammelstelle für Forschungsarbeiten und zur Vernetzung auf dem Gebiet der Human-Animal-Studies an. Und wer am 1.Juli keine Zeit hat, wird sicher bei anderen zukünftigen Workshops und Tagungen glücklich werden …
~~Das Programm der Tagung~~
Ort: Universität Hamburg, ESA West 221, Edmund-Siemers-Allee 1
Zeit: 01.07.2011, 9:30-18:00 Uhr
Anmeldeschluss. 27.06.2011
Tagungsbeitrag: 20 Euro (Studierende 10 Euro), Vegane Mittags-Snacks und Kaffee/Getränke sind enthalten.
Internet: [www.wiso.uni-hamburg.de](https://www.wiso.uni-hamburg.de/projekte/animals-and-society/)
Email: info@gsa-hamburg.org, bei Fragen zur Teilnahme: konferenz@gsa-hamburg.de
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7d75b29b-96cd-40a1-b92a-695203dcb0bf | https://blog.robertsaupe.de/category/entwicklung/javascript/ejs/ | blog.robertsaupe.de | 2026-02-06T19:19:59Z | <urn:uuid:7d75b29b-96cd-40a1-b92a-695203dcb0bf> | <urn:uuid:c0261348-2176-4cb0-8339-60d44c0ba54a> | 102,684 | 111 | Es sieht so aus, als ob wir nicht das finden konnten, wonach du gesucht hast. Möglicherweise hilft eine Suche. |
589085e6-c414-496a-aa76-083fafe5cc17 | https://blog.siggraph.org/2018/01/the-studio-at-siggraph-2018.html/nik-aberle-studio/ | blog.siggraph.org | 2026-02-06T20:21:46Z | <urn:uuid:589085e6-c414-496a-aa76-083fafe5cc17> | <urn:uuid:6456457f-e181-4395-95c7-4ae9e030303d> | 331,505 | 299 | # nik aberle studio
by [SIGGRAPH Conferences](https://blog.siggraph.org/author/mmanghera/) | Jan 11 2018 |
 |
58e2169f-6a8f-4034-85d7-64d86949b978 | https://blog.snapdragonpictures.net/2014/03/16/brydes-skylar-belly/ | blog.snapdragonpictures.net | 2026-02-06T18:52:46Z | <urn:uuid:58e2169f-6a8f-4034-85d7-64d86949b978> | <urn:uuid:3a00ddef-d012-40ae-9fca-fc77f06acc84> | 11,892 | 51 | Please wait while your request is being verified... |
840a783c-9c31-46f9-abe1-9fbb6ab8d94e | https://blog.paradise.co.kr/tag/%ED%95%9C%EC%9B%A8?page=4 | blog.paradise.co.kr | 2026-02-06T19:56:25Z | <urn:uuid:840a783c-9c31-46f9-abe1-9fbb6ab8d94e> | <urn:uuid:315337ee-3e1c-4f7b-bf3e-35bac32ede4a> | 145,873 | 365 | ### 메뉴 리스트
## 페이징
[](/tag/%ED%95%9C%EC%9B%A8?page=3)
[1](/tag/%ED%95%9C%EC%9B%A8?page=1) [2](/tag/%ED%95%9C%EC%9B%A8?page=2) [3](/tag/%ED%95%9C%EC%9B%A8?page=3) [4](/tag/%ED%95%9C%EC%9B%A8?page=4) [5](/tag/%ED%95%9C%EC%9B%A8?page=5)
[](/tag/%ED%95%9C%EC%9B%A8?page=5) |
adf1f7a2-b199-49b3-8dd1-6c326784f7ab | https://blog.powr.io/how-to-test-my-website-for-mobile-devices-a-step-by-step-guide/ | blog.powr.io | 2026-02-06T19:34:19Z | <urn:uuid:adf1f7a2-b199-49b3-8dd1-6c326784f7ab> | <urn:uuid:eea9254b-0f08-400e-a10f-f07c775c7892> | 40,396 | 11,733 | The world today is experiencing a rapid increase in smartphone usage, creating a strong mobile ecosystem that fuels the growth of websites and mobile applications.
According to Statista, global mobile phone usage has reached approximately **7.1 billion users**, and is expected to grow to **7.49 billion by 2025**.
---
**In this article:**
- What is Mobile Web Testing?
- Why Do We Need Mobile Web Testing?
- How to Perform Mobile Website Testing Effectively?
- Limitations of Mobile Web Testing
---
*Source: *[Statista](https://www.statista.com/statistics/218984/number-of-global-mobile-users-since-2010/?ref=blog.powr.io)
So, keeping your website mobile-friendly has become more important than ever.
In today’s mobile-first world, developers also need to test websites across different devices and resolutions — something made much easier with mobile web testing tools.
Let’s explore the details.
## What is Mobile Web Testing?
*Source: *[SmartBear](https://smartbear.com/?ref=blog.powr.io)
Mobile web testing is the process developers use to ensure a website displays and behaves correctly across various smartphones and screen sizes.
This testing is also known as **responsive website testing**, as it evaluates whether a website adapts well to different resolutions.
Benefits include:
- Browser compatibility
- OS compatibility
- User-friendly design
- [SEO advantages](https://blog.powr.io/top-7-seo-strategies-2024?utm_source=direct&utm_medium=powrblog-ghost&utm_campaign=how-to-test-my-website-for-mobile-devices)
- Enhanced visibility
Browser compatibility is especially important because it ensures your site works seamlessly in mobile browsers such as Safari, Brave, and Chrome.
💡
Creating a user-friendly design through mobile testing helps optimize websites for better user engagement.
Mobile web testing also improves visibility and encourages users to browse more confidently.
## Why Do We Need Mobile Web Testing?
Mobile web testing ensures users enjoy responsive, seamless browsing from their smartphones.
Since mobile usage continues to rise, developers must prioritize responsive design to ensure websites remain usable across all devices in the long term.
Key reasons include:
### Mobile-first indexing
*Source: Stock Image*
Search engines prioritize mobile-responsive websites. If your website isn’t mobile-friendly, it's less likely to rank on the first page of Google.
### Speed and accuracy
Users increasingly prefer smartphones over laptops due to convenience.
💡
Testing responsiveness across devices helps ensure websites satisfy user expectations.
Automated testing services like Rainforest QA allow developers to test functionality and [performance across real devices](https://blog.powr.io/10-tips-to-improve-website-performance-and-speed?utm_source=direct&utm_medium=powrblog-ghost&utm_campaign=how-to-test-my-website-for-mobile-devices), improving speed, accuracy, and device coverage.
### Exceptional user experience
[Designing a website](https://www.pixpa.com/blog/how-to-design-a-website?ref=blog.powr.io) impacts customer loyalty and referrals. A strong [user experience](https://blog.powr.io/9-best-inclusive-web-design-practices-for-good-user-experience?utm_source=direct&utm_medium=powrblog-ghost&utm_campaign=how-to-test-my-website-for-mobile-devices) is determined by user feedback on functionality, performance, and ease of use.
### Mobile device compatibility
Testing isn’t about checking every phone model.
Instead, developers focus on the *most commonly used devices* and ensure strong performance on those. This helps deliver a consistent, exceptional experience across popular mobile models.
## How to Perform Mobile Website Testing Effectively?
Testing your website on real devices is not scalable due to the countless device types and resolutions.
To build an efficient mobile web testing strategy, consider the following steps.
Before starting, understand your product features and the mobile devices your audience commonly uses.
Here are recommended approaches for effective testing:
### Validation of HTML and CSS code
One of the strongest tools for mobile web testing is the** **[W3C mobileOK Checker](https://mobile.css-validator.org/?ref=blog.powr.io) — an automated method many developers prefer over manual testing.
It helps detect and remove HTML/CSS errors to ensure your website meets responsive design requirements.
*Source: *[W3C mobileOK Checker](https://mobile.css-validator.org/?ref=blog.powr.io)
Because it is widely recommended for testing [mobile responsiveness](https://blog.powr.io/mobile-optimization-in-saas-ensure-responsive-design-for-seo-success?utm_source=direct&utm_medium=powrblog-ghost&utm_campaign=how-to-test-my-website-for-mobile-devices), it provides clear reports detailing failures that affect usability.
### Chrome DevTools
Chrome DevTools is another essential tool for checking and fixing issues in your HTML and CSS.
*Source: *[Chrome DevTools](https://developer.chrome.com/docs/devtools/?ref=blog.powr.io)
Its advantages include insights into [Core Web Vitals](https://ultahost.com/blog/mastering-core-web-vitals/?ref=blog.powr.io) and the ability to test responsiveness under varying network conditions.
### Mobile-friendliness testing
When evaluating mobile friendliness,** **[CrossBrowserTesting](https://testgrid.io/cross-browser-testing?ref=blog.powr.io) is an excellent tool, offering access to more than **2,050 mobile browsers**.
Using this platform, you can check whether a website is compatible with different browsers and meets their technical specifications.
*Source: *[BrowserStack](https://www.browserstack.com/live?ref=blog.powr.io)
Notable features include:
- Selenium-based automated testing
- Live responsive testing
- Secure, real device testing environments
These tools help ensure your website performs optimally across devices without lag.
### Using BrowserStack’s responsive checker tool
The internet contains countless device types and browser versions. Because of this fragmentation, every business today must have a responsive website.
[BrowserStack’s Responsive Checker](https://www.browserstack.com/?ref=blog.powr.io) allows users to instantly preview their website across popular devices like the iPad Pro, iPhone X, and Galaxy Note 10.
This makes it easy to identify layout inconsistencies and rendering problems.
How it works:
1. Enter your website URL
2. Click the **Check** button
3. View your website across various screen sizes
*Source: *[BrowserStack Guide](https://www.browserstack.com/guide/mobile-web-testing?ref=blog.powr.io)
In addition, you can use mobile emulators or perform cloud-based testing on real devices.
*Source: *[testRigor](https://testrigor.com/how-to-articles/how-to-do-mobile-testing-using-testrigor/?ref=blog.powr.io)
[testRigor](https://testrigor.com/?ref=blog.powr.io) provides AI-powered mobile testing, enabling developers to write test cases in plain English. It supports iOS and Android, integrates with CI/CD pipelines, and reduces test maintenance.
### Test your website across different regions
To ensure a consistent user experience globally, you should also test your website from multiple locations.
Using [residential proxies](https://rayobyte.com/products/residential-proxies/?ref=blog.powr.io) helps simulate browsing from specific countries, exposing:
- Localization issues
- Content restrictions
- Regional performance differences
If budget is a concern, you can start with a [cheap proxy](https://decodo.com/proxies/cheap?ref=blog.powr.io) that still provides reliable IP rotation.
You may also use [mobile proxies](https://www.proxyrack.com/mobile-proxy/?ref=blog.powr.io) to mimic real mobile device IPs, enabling tests of mobile-only content.
An anti-detect browser helps rotate profiles and locations for comprehensive responsive testing.
## Limitations of Mobile Web Testing
Mobile web testing is essential, but it also has limitations. Fortunately, many of these can be mitigated by combining automated tools with occasional real-device testing.
### Limited environment
A major challenge is the variation in operating system versions and network conditions. These differences can affect how accurately tests simulate real-world performance.
### Performance variations
Smartphones vary widely in hardware and capability. This can cause inconsistent user experiences, and emulators may not accurately reflect the behavior of real devices.
### Dynamic content
Emulators often struggle with real-time interactions or dynamic content. Slow page loads may cause users to abandon a site — something an emulator may not fully reveal.
### **Network conditions**
Simulating unpredictable real-world network issues is difficult. Slow or unstable connections can yield inconsistent test results, making it difficult to validate performance reliably.
## FAQs on How to Test a Website on Mobile Devices
#### ****1. What are the best testing tools for mobile web testing?****
Popular tools include Katalon, BrowserStack Platform, Cypress, and Selenium. Katalon Platform is especially useful because it provides a unified workspace for web testing tasks.
#### ****2. What is the best advantage of conducting mobile web testing?****
The biggest advantage is that it’s ****time- and cost-efficient****, allowing developers to test at scale without owning physical devices.
#### ****3. What challenges might occur during mobile web testing?****
Challenges include:
- A steep learning curve
- Additional investment for large-scale projects
- The need to continuously check for bugs and errors alongside new code
#### ****4. How do you build an effective mobile website testing strategy?****
An effective strategy involves testing at multiple development stages, including:
- [Web application pentesting](https://www.getastra.com/blog/security-audit/web-application-penetration-testing/?ref=blog.powr.io)
- Dynamic Application Security Testing
([DAST](https://www.aikido.dev/scanners/surface-monitoring-dast?ref=blog.powr.io))
- Static code analysis
These help identify vulnerabilities early.
## Conclusion
Testing mobile websites has become an essential part of modern design, development, and optimization.
This article explored the top tools for cross-browser testing, responsive design testing, and automated mobile testing.
While automated tools and emulators offer speed and efficiency, real-device testing remains important for accuracy.
Once you have your testing blueprint and priorities in place, selecting the right approach for large-scale testing is the next key step.
Let me know in the comments — **which tool will you use for mobile testing?**
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