id
stringlengths 0
7
| title
stringlengths 0
212
| text
stringlengths 158
24.8k
|
|---|---|---|
177454 | Russian Airborne Troops | The Russian Airborne Troops or VDV ( from "Vozdushno-Desantnye Voyska" Russian: - = ) is an arm of service of the Armed Forces of the Russian Federation, on a par with the Strategic Rocket Forces and the Space Troops. The Airborne Troops are the most capable mobile assault forces of Russia, as they are airborne forces in the first place.
Soviet Era.
Originally formed in the Soviet Union during the mid 1930s, they were massively expanded during World War II, where they formed up to ten Airborne Corps with numerous Independent Airborne Brigades, with most or all achieving "Guards" status. One of the new units was the 100th Airborne Division. At the end of the war they were reconstituted as Guards Rifle Divisions. They were later rebuilt and eventually formed seven Air Assault Divisions. With an Independent Air Assault regiment and up to sixteen Air Assault Brigades. They were formed into their own VDV command to give the Soviets a Rapid Strike force to spearhead strategic military operations.
In 1989, the Airborne Forces consisted of:
7th Airborne Division (Kaunas, Lithuanian SSR);
76th Airborne Division (Pskov, RSFSR);
98th Airborne Division (Bolgrad & Kishinev, Moldovan SSR);
103rd Airborne Division (Vitebsk);
104th Guards Airborne Division (Kirovabad, Azerbaijan SSR);
106th Guards Airborne Division (Tula, RSFSR);
242nd Training Centre of the Airborne Forces (Jonava, Lithuanian SSR);
345th Independent Guards Airborne Regiment (Gudauta, Georgian SSR);
11th Air Assault Brigade;
13th Air Assault Brigade;
14th, 21st, 23rd, 35th, 36th, 37th, 38th, 39th, 40th, 56th, 83rd, 95th, 100th Air Assault Brigades;
171st Independent Communications Brigade (Medvezhi Ozera, Moscow Military District, RSFSR);
After the Fall of the Soviet Union.
With the demise of the Soviet Union, the number of VDV divisions has shrunk from seven to four, as well as one brigade:
7th Airborne Division, Novorossiysk;
76th Air Assault Division, Pskov;
98th Airborne Division, Ivanovo;
106th Airborne Division, Tula;
31st Airborne Brigade, Ulyanovsk;
Two other Air Assault Brigades are partially infantry formations reporting directly to the military districts they are stationed in. The VDV's training institute is the Ryazan Institute for the Airborne Troops named for V. Margelov. In the early 1990s, General Pavel Grachev, first Russian Defence Minister planned for the VDV to form the core of the planned Mobile Forces. This was announced in Red Star (Krasnaya Zvezda) in July 1992. However, the Mobile Forces plan never eventuated. The number of formations available for the force was far less than anticipated, since much of the Airborne Forces had been 'nationalised' by the republics their units had been previously based in, and other arms of service, such as the GRU and Military Transport Aviation, who were to provide the airlift component, were adamantly opposed to ceding control of their forces.
Furthermore, 104th Parachute Landing Regiment of 76th Airborne Division is the only Russian land forces regiment, that is fully composed of professional soldiers (and not of "srochniki" - the conscripted soldiers aged eighteen). It should be noted however that an additional major contractorisation of many many units across the Russian armed forces is now under way. It was announced that the 98th Airborne Division is also earmarked for contractorisation.
Unlike western airborne units which must walk when they arrive at their destination, the VDV divisions are mechanized with over 250 armored fighting vehicles, the BMD-3 family of vehicles. VDV units have superior mobility with these vehicles and superior firepower, each division has three regiments equipped with them and their derivatives. The single independent brigade, the 31st at Ulyanovsk, however, is not equipped with its own armor or artillery and may be equivalent to western airborne, in that it functions as light infantry and must walk when reaching their destination. The 31st was the former 104th Guards Airborne Division.
VDV troops participated in the rapid deployment of Russian forces in and around Pristina airport during the Kosovo War, surprising NATO. They also were deployed in Chechnya as an active bridgehead for other forces to follow.
A VDV unit, the 45th ORPSN (Separate Reconnaissance Regiment of Special Designation), that reportedly performed brilliantly in Chechnya during the second campaign, was said to actually represent a Spetznaz GRU unit, which was later proven untrue.
In 2004, the Russian MoD announced that the VDV will be re-equipped with new APC vehicles of the BMD-4 type (RIA Novosti, December 20th, 2004). However, it is unlikely that this reorganization will happen in the years to come due to lack of funding and resistance from within the VDV.
Russian airborne troops had their own holiday during the Soviet era, which continues to be celebrated on the 2nd of August.
Notable former Airborne Forces officers include Aleksandr Lebed, who was involved in responses to disorder in the Caucasus republics in the last years of the Soviet Union, and Pavel Grachev who went on to become the first Minister of Defence of the Russian Federation.
References.
Pavel Baev, The Russian Army in a Time of Troubles, International Peace Research Institute, Oslo, 1996, p.127-135;
Carey Schofield, The Russian Elite: Inside Spetsnaz and the Airborne Forces, Stackpole/Greenhill, 1993;
http://www8.brinkster.com/vad777/sssr-89-91/vdv.htm;
Airborne Assault Troops (VDV) on globalsecurity.org;
RUSSIAN VDV;
External links.
Unofficial website of VDV Russian Only;
Website of "For VDV!" Russian Only;
Association of VDV veterans Russian Only;
History of VDV on pobeda.ru Russian Only;
Soviet Airborne "English site"; |
8169621 | Wall Intermediate School | Wall Intermediate School is a school in Wall Township, New Jersey that educates children grades 6-8. The principal is Rosaleen Sirchio and the assistant principals are Thomas Ridoux and Tiffany Steiner. Teachers include Michael O'Keefe, Joanne Lackett, Mandy Harpootlian, Marylou Clancy and Patricia O'Donnel.
External links.
this school is fantasic for children and you better come right now. |
7131531 | FAA/AST | FAA/AST is the FAA's Office of Commercial Space Transportation.
The Federal Aviation Administration's Office of the Associate Administrator for Commercial Space Transportation (AST) is the U.S. government organization responsible for regulating and facilitating the safe operations and international competitiveness of the U.S. commercial space transportation industry.
It is responsible for licensing private space vehicles and spaceports within the US.
This is in contrast with NASA that is a research and development agency of the US Federal Government, and as such neither operates nor regulates the commercial space transportation industry. The regulatory responsibility for the industry falls to the Federal Aviation Administration, which is a regulatory agency. NASA does, however, often use launch satellites and spacecraft on vehicles developed by private companies.
Organization .
Space Systems Development Division (AST-100);
Licensing and Safety Division (AST-200);
Systems Engineering & Training Division (AST-300);
History .
It was etablished by an act of Congress in 2004.
Law: 49 USC, Subtitle IX, Chapter 701 - Commercial Space Launch activities, gave FAA/AST the responsibility to:
regulate the commercial space transportation industry, only to the extent necessary to ensure compliance with international obligations of the United States and to protect the public health and safety, safety of property, and national security and foreign policy interest of the United States;
encourage, facilitate, and promote commercial space launches by the private sector;
recommend appropriate changes in Federal statutes, treaties, regulations, policies, plans, and procedures; and;
facilitate the strengthening and expansion of the United States space transportation infrastructure.
External References .
FAA/AST ; |
3515119 | James M. Bennett High School | James M. Bennett Senior High School is a high school located in Salisbury, Wicomico County, Maryland. It was established in 1962. It has an enrollment of 1350 in grades nine through twelve, and 110 teachers and assistants.
It is currently headed by principal Clay Belgie, who is aided by administration members Larry Collins, Vice Principal; Amy Eskridge, Vice Principal; and Ron Green, Dean of Students. The current building lacks air conditioning and houses more students than its design capacity of 800 students. These conditions lead to student complaints of crowding and discomfort.
James M. Bennett High School is currently in the funding stages for a replacement building. Construction is slated to start in 2008, with a goal completion date of 2010.
James M. Bennett High school won states championships in Golf, Basketball, Indoor and Outdoor Track. Also won Bayside championships in Baseball, lacrosse, soccer - boys and girls, and field hockey. Bennett is the highest performing academic school in Wicomico County with great extracurricular activities.
See also .
List of high schools in Maryland;
External links.
James M. Bennett home page; |
9142949 | Mendy Samstein | Jehudah Menachem Mendel "Mendy" Samstein (July 25 1938 - January 24 2007) was an American civil rights activist.
Born in Manhattan, he majored in European history at Brandeis, and later earned a master's degree in the same subject from Cornell. He was studying for a Ph.D. in history at the University of Chicago when he quit to join the civil rights movement in the South. He became a full-time organizer for the Student Nonviolent Coordinating Committee (or SNCC, pronounced "snick"). Stokely Carmichael, later chairman of SNCC, called Samstein "one in a million".
Later on, Samstein also organized protests against the Vietnam War. He had a variety of jobs, including working as a teacher, as a psychoanalyst, and running a summer camp. In 2000, he and other civil rights veterans protested the handling of the presidential vote in Florida.
Samstein was married to Nancy Cooper, a fellow civil rights activist. He died from carcinoid cancer at his home in New Lisbon, New York, aged 68.
External links.
Obituary at New York Times; |
8123344 | Compaq Presario V2000Z | The Compaq Presario V2000Z Notebook PC series was a 14.1" thin-and-light laptop that was sold by Hewlett-Packard beginning in August 2005 and was discontinued in September 2006. It was available with AMD Sempron or Turion processors and was based on an ATI Xpress 200 chipset. It weighs about 5.5 lbs. and was about 1.3" thick. It has a sister laptop version called the Compaq Presario V2000 or V2000T, and features Intel processors.
Sources
CNET - http://reviews.cnet.com/Compaq_Presario_V2000Z/4505-3121_7-31447612.html?tag=also; |
5602233 | The Dutchess | The Dutchess (2006) is the solo debut album of American pop singer Fergie, a member of The Black Eyed Peas. The title is a misspelling of the title "the Duchess of York," as Fergie (byname of Stacy Ferguson) and Sarah Ferguson, the real Duchess of York, share a surname and nickname. will.i.am was an executive producer for the album. Ludacris, B-Real from Cypress Hill and Rita Marley all make guest appearances. Fergie has made it clear in interviews that she will still be an active member in the Black Eyed Peas.
Released on July 18, 2006, "London Bridge" was The Dutchess first single. Making one of the largest jumps in the Billboard Hot 100 chart's history, "London Bridge" reached the #1 spot for three consecutive weeks. The second single, "Fergalicious," was released on October 232006 peaked at #2 on the Hot 100. The third single,"Glamorous", was released on January 28 2007 and has so far managed to peak at #31 on the Hot 100.
The Dutchess debuted at #3 on the Billboard 200 in the United States with sales of over 150,000.
Miscellaneous.
Approximately a minute after the last (13th) track, entitled "Finally," there is a bonus track called "Maybe We Can Take A Ride.";
The bridge featured in the video for the single "London Bridge" is not London Bridge but the next bridge along the River Thames, Tower Bridge.
At London Bridge Station, London, a giant poster advertising the album was visible on one of the UK's largest billboard sites in autumn 2006. The poster was clearly visible from the south end of London Bridge itself.
Track listing.
U.S. Edition;
|- bgcolor="#CCCCCC"
! # !! width="350" | Title !! Length
|-
| 1. || "Fergalicious" (featuring will.i.am) || 4:52
|-
| 2. || "Clumsy" || 4:50
|-
| 3. || "All That I Got (The Make Up Song)" (featuring will.i.am) || 4:05
|-
| 4. || "London Bridge" || 4:01
|-
| 5. || "Pedestal" || 3:22
|-
| 6. || "Voodoo Doll" || 4:23
|-
| 7. || "Glamorous" (featuring Ludacris) || 4:06
|-
| 8. || "Here I Come" (featuring will.i.am) || 3:21
|-
| 9. || "Velvet" || 4:53
|-
| 10. || "Big Girls Don't Cry (Personal)" || 4:28
|-
| 11. || "Mary Jane Shoes" || 3:55
|-
| 12. || "Losing My Ground" || 4:08
|-
| 13. || "Finally" ||4:53
|-
| 14. || "Maybe We Can Take a Ride" Track after "Finally" || 2:34
|-
|}
Bonus Tracks.
U.K/AUS Edition;
|- bgcolor="#CCCCCC"
! # !! width="350" | Title !! Length
|-
| 14. || "Get Your Hands Up" Track (featuring The Black Eyed Peas) ||3:34
|-
| 15. || "Wake Up" Track || 3:02
|-
| 16. || "Maybe We Can Take a Ride" Track after "Wake Up" ||2:34
|}
iTunes Edition;
|- bgcolor="#CCCCCC"
! # !! width="350" | Title !! Length
|-
| 15. || "Wake Up" Track on iTunes|| 3:01
|-
| 16. || "Paradise" Track on iTunes || 7:41
|-
| 17. || "Maybe We Can Take a Ride" Track after "Paradise" ||2:34
|-
| 18. || "Close 2 U" Only on iTunes || 4:25
|-
| 19. || "Thrilla Man" Only on iTunes || 5:04
|}
Singles.
"London Bridge";
"Fergalicious" (featuring will.i.am);
"Glamorous" (featuring Ludacris);
"Here I Come" (featuring will.i.am);
Charts.
External links.
Fergie Lyrics (iNetLyrics.com);
Colombian Albums Charts: http://www.americatop100.com/noticias/viewtopic.php?t=8331&sid=5c55b2e39f33567b007ae70e78810fd3; |
359380 | LZMA | LZMA, short for Lempel-Ziv-Markov chain-Algorithm, is a data compression algorithm in development since 1998 and used in the 7z format of the 7-Zip archiver. It uses a dictionary compression scheme somewhat similar to LZ77 and features a high compression ratio (generally higher than bzip2) and a variable compression-dictionary size (up to 1 GB).
Overview .
The LZMA uses an improved LZ77 compression algorithm, backed by a range coder.
Streams for data, repeated-sequence size and repeated-sequence location seem to be compressed separately.
7-Zip reference implementation .
The reference implementation of LZMA is included as part of the 7z and 7-Zip suite of tools. Source code is distributed under the terms of the GNU LGPL license.
The reference open source LZMA compression library is written in C++ and has the following properties:
Compression speed: approximately 1 MB per second on a 2 GHz CPU;
Decompression speed: between 10 and 20 MB per second on a 2 GHz CPU;
Support for multi-threading and for the Pentium 4 microprocessor's hyper-threading feature.
The 7-Zip implementation uses several variants of hash chains, binary trees and Patricia tries as the basis for its dictionary search algorithm.
Decompression-only code for LZMA generally compiles to around 5kB and the amount of RAM required during decompression is principally determined by the size of the sliding window used during compression. Small code size and relatively low memory overhead, particularly with smaller dictionary lengths, make the LZMA decompression algorithm well-suited to embedded applications.
Portability of the reference implementation .
Wide use of Microsoft Windows-specific features are deeply buried in the source code, meaning that despite the reference implementation being Free software it has taken a while for a Unix-compatible version to appear.
Currently, there are two working ports to Unix-like platforms:
p7zip, a port of 7-Zip's 7z and 7za command-line tools. p7zip produces standard 7z archive stream where LZMA can be combined with additional filters, such as relative address pre-processing for jump and call instructions in an executable file.
LZMA Utils, a port consisting of only the LZMA code and designed to work with raw LZMA streams in a similar way to the compression utilities gzip and bzip2. For archiving of multiple files, the lzma tool would be used on top of an archive format such as .tar. The produced output is raw LZMA with no header information.
Note that the LZMA stream produced by 7-Zip and LZMA Utils differ, making them incompatible. Currently neither tool can use the files created by the opposite utility, at least for now. 7-Zip includes an additional 64-bit header entry containing the uncompressed filesize, which LZMA Utils does not add.
Users .
Software that uses or supports LZMA:
Nullsoft Scriptable Install System;
Inno Setup;
cramfs and SquashFS, with applied patches;
lrzip ("long range zip", or "LZMA rzip");
PyLZMA, a Python interface to Igor Pavlov's LZMA SDK;
FreeArc, an archiver and Haskell interface to the LZMA SDK;
LZMA SDK for Pascal;
CompreXX, with Explorer integration like Windows XP's ZIP folders;
InstallAware, for Windows Installer;
Peazip, GUI frontend to command-line 7z and POSIX 7z binaries ;
UPX, from version 2.92 (beta) and above, features optional LZMA compression;
External links .
7-Zip homepage;
p7zip homepage;
PyLZMA homepage; |
1943045 | Puzzle box | A puzzle box (also called a secret,or trick box) is a box which can only be opened by a non-obvious and sometimes complicated series of manipulations. Sometimes, a simple squeeze at the right spot will do the trick. On the other hand, sometimes many movements of small pieces are necessary for the box to open. Hence some puzzle boxes are closely related to burr puzzles.
Jewelry used to be kept in trick boxes so that a potential thief would have problems seeing and stealing the contents. Puzzle boxes have been crafted all over the world, including Morocco, Poland and South America. By far the most intricate and beautiful is the Japanese puzzle box, covered in complicated patterns of rich wood inlay called Yosegi and featuring complex mechanisms to open them. At first glance they appear smooth and without any opening, but by various obvious or hidden panels, may take anywhere from 2 to over 200 movements to open.
The Japanese puzzle box can be as small as an inch long, or up to over a foot in length. They are adorned with elaborate inlaid wooden geometric designs, an independent craft in itself. They are produced in a few towns in small area of Japan. The town of Hakone in particular is regarded as the center of both the creation and the continuing evolution of this National Traditional Handicraft as designated by the Minister of Industry in 1984. In Japan the boxes are known as "Himitsu-Bako" or "Secret Box." The exterior of the traditional Himitsu-Bako is covered by Yosegi, which is a paperthin series of designs glued together then pressed in a device which helps align the very intricate geometric designs formed by the incredible shapes, colors, and textures of the many kinds of wood used to make the final piece of yosegi that will cover the top, bottom, sides, and ends of the box. On some of the finest boxes the artisan uses a technique known as Moku-Zougan, which is a picture made of various woods and often based on some of the woodblock prints from the late 1700s. The majority of these boxes with pictures in wood are made up of three common scenes which in the 1780s were clearly visible from Hakone #1) Mountains; Mt Fugiyama is easily visible from Hakone with its distinct white cap of snow #2) Trees; In and around Hakone are many species of trees; #3) Water; If the water is seen from Hakone it is more than likely the water in Lake Ashino. Many if not most of these scenes show a house tucked into the trees with a boat on the lake and Mt. Fuji clearly visible in the background. San means 3 and sui represents the three elements of nature water, trees and mountains combined to form the Sansui scene familiar to almost everyone who grew up in the 1950s and through the 1970s.
These boxes were made in various complexities and consist basically of 4 moves with a variety of twists here and there to trick the person trying to open these exquisite boxes, but the real trick is finding the correct series of movements that can range from 2 to 125 moves. Mr. Yoshio Okiyama is credited with making the most complex box which requires 125 moves to open. He also made boxes which require from 78 to 90, 102, 122 moves to open and his final box, made while he was in his late 70's, was a 119 move box with a wood picture of a Geisha on the top and a bow, as on a gift, on the bottom. Only 19 of these complex boxes were made for sale while another 8 in a different style were made for sale in foreign markets. Mr. Okiyama passed away in March of 2003 approximately at the same time as another great Master of this craft, Mr. Kenji Suzuki. On the other end of the scale of complexity is the greatest Master Craftsman of them all, the famous Mr. Yoshiyuki Ninomiya, who makes the finest most perfectly made Himitsu-Bako to ever grace a collector's display area. Finding the Kannuki on one of his boxes is often nearly impossible to the untrained eye. Mr. Ninomiya has made fit and finish his life's work, at least in terms of the Himitsu-Bako. For over 50 or 60 years now he has perfected the creation of these boxes to such a degree that he is far and away the finest woodworker of this craft.
See also.
burr puzzles;
disentanglement puzzles;
Lemarchand's Box;
mechanical puzzles;
puzzles;
The movie Hellraiser; |
677652 | Pogo? Szczecin | MKS Pogo Szczecin is a Polish football club based in Szczecin, Poland.
Famous players .
Marian Kielec;
Leszek Wolski;
Marek Le niak;
Mariusz Kuras;
Robert Dymkowski;
Rados aw Majdan;
Marek Ostrowski;
Oleg Salenko;
Amaral (Alexandre da Silva Mariano);
See also .
Football in Poland;
External links .
Pogo Szczecin official website;
Unofficial Pogo Szczecin website; |
3105105 | Tennessee Code Commission | The Tennessee Code Commission is one of the 30 or more commissions, boards and committees that to provide assistance to the state court system. The commission consists of five members of which three are ex-officio: the Chief Justice of Tennessee, the attorney general and reporter and the director of legal services for the legislature. The chief justice appoints the two other members. The commission publishes, sells and distributes the compilation of the laws, statutes and codes of the state.
Source .
The Tennessee Administrative Office of the Courts' web site |
2577346 | Stadtoldendorf | Stadtoldendorf is a city in the middle Holzminden district, Lower Saxony, Germany.
Allocation of seats in the local council electoral period 2006-2011:
CDU: 10 ;
SPD: 5 ;
Grünen: 1 ;
FDP: 1 ;
Culture.
Museums.
Stadtmuseum im Charlotte-Leitzen-Haus ;
Freilichtmuseum Mühlenanger ;
Buildings.
Försterbergturm, from that 13th century;
Hagentorturm;
Kellbergturm;
Homburga castle, above city old village;
Alte Rathaus (from 1875);
Ratskeller (from 1621);
Charlotte-Leitzen-Haus;
Samtgemeinde Stadtoldendorf.
Stadtoldendorf is also the seat of the Samtgemeinde ("collective municipality") Stadtoldendorf, which consists of the following municipalities:
Arholzen ;
Deensen ;
Heinade ;
Lenne ;
Stadtoldendorf ;
Wangelnstedt; |
237754 | Publius Clodius Pulcher | Publius Clodius Pulcher (born around 92 BC, died January 18, 52 BC), was a Roman politician, chiefly remembered for his feuds with Titus Annius Milo and Marcus Tullius Cicero and introducing the grain dole.
Life.
Military career.
Born as Publius Claudius Pulcher, his military career was generally undistinguished. He took part in the Third Mithridatic War under his brother-in-law, Lucullus. However, considering himself treated with insufficient respect, he stirred up a revolt. Another brother-in-law, Q. Marcius Rex, governor of Cilicia, gave him the command of his fleet, but he was captured by pirates. On his release he repaired to Syria, where he nearly lost his life during a mutiny he was accused of instigating.
Political life.
Returning to Rome in 65 BC, Clodius turned to a cursus honorum. He prosecuted Catiline for extortion, but was bribed by him to procure acquittal. There seems no reason to believe that Clodius was involved in the Catilinarian conspiracy; indeed, according to Plutarch (Cicero, 29), he rendered Cicero every assistance and acted as one of his bodyguards.
The affair of the mysteries of the Bona Dea, however, caused a breach between Cicero and Clodius in December 62 BC. Clodius, dressed as a woman (men were not admitted to the mysteries), entered the house of Julius Caesar (at the time pontifex maximus), where the mysteries were being celebrated. It was suggested at the time that Clodius wore the disguise in order to carry on an intrigue with Pompeia Sulla, Caesar's wife. (Whether or not the allegation was true of Clodius' seeking an affair with Pompeia Sulla, Caesar divorced her in short order to avoid even the hint of impropriety in his spouse.) He was detected and brought to trial, but escaped condemnation by bribing the jury. Cicero's violent public statements on this occasion may have led Clodius to seek revenge.
Renounciation of Patrician rank.
On his return from Sicily (where he had been quaestor in 61 BC), Clodius chose to renounce his patrician rank. After gaining the consent of the Roman Senate, and with the connivance of Caesar, he succeeded in being adopted into the plebeian branch of his gens by P. Fonteius in 59 BC. On December 10, 59 BC, he was elected Tribune of the Plebs, an office for which patricians were ineligible.
Introduction of the grain dole.
His first act as tribune was to bring forward laws seemingly calculated to secure him popular favour. Grain, instead of being sold at a low rate, was to be distributed gratuitously once a month; the right of taking the omens on a fixed day and (if they were declared unfavourable) of preventing the assembly of the comitia, possessed by every magistrate by the terms of the Lex Aelia Fufia, was abolished; the old clubs or guilds of workmen were re-established; the censors were forbidden to exclude any citizen from the senate or inflict any punishment upon him unless he had been publicly accused and condemned.
Rise to power.
Clodius then acted against Cicero and Cato the Younger, who was sent to Cyprus as praetor to take possession of the island and the royal treasures. Cicero's property was confiscated by order of Clodius, his house on the Palatine burned down, and its site put up for auction. It was purchased by Clodius himself, who, not wishing his name to appear in the matter, had someone else place the bid for him. After the departure of Caesar for Gaul, Clodius practically became master of Rome with the aid of a personal gang, one of several that were active in the city at the time. In 57 BC, one of the tribunes proposed the recall of Cicero, and Clodius resorted to force to prevent the passing of the decree. His effort was foiled by Milo, who led an armed gang sufficiently strong to hold him in check. Clodius subsequently attacked the workmen who were rebuilding Cicero's house at public cost, assaulted Cicero himself in the street, and set fire to the house of Cicero's brother Quintus Tullius Cicero.
In 56, while curule aedile, he impeached Milo for public violence (de vi) while defending his house against the attacks of Clodius' gang, and also charged him with keeping armed bands in his service. Judicial proceedings were hindered by violent outbreaks, and the matter was finally dropped.
Death.
In 53 BC, when Milo was a candidate for the consulship, and Clodius for the praetorship, the rivals collected armed bands and clashed in the streets of Rome. On January 18 52 BC, Clodius was slain near Bovillae. His enraged clients used the senate house as his funeral pyre.
Family.
Clodius was born into the wealthy patrician family of Appius Claudius Pulcher and Caecilia Metella Balearica. He changed his name from the ancient patrician spelling of Claudius to the plebeian spelling of Clodius upon his adoption by P. Fonteius. Clodius was married to Fulvia, and had a daughter, Clodia Pulchra, who was briefly married to Octavian, and a son, also named P. Clodius.
His sister, Clodia, was immortalized in the poems of Gaius Valerius Catullus and the writings of Marcus Tullius Cicero; Cicero insinuated, in Pro Caelio, that Clodia had had an incestuous relationship with her brother. She lived her life surrounded in perpetual scandal.
Clodius in popular culture.
Clodius makes several appearances in Roma Sub Rosa, a series of novels by the American author Steven Saylor.
Clodius is a particular enemy of Decius Caecilius Metellus the Younger in the SPQR series of mysteries by John Maddox Roberts.
Clodius is a key player in Colleen McCullough's Masters of Rome series books Caesar's Women and Caesar. His entire exploits from his time in the east to his death in 52 BC is chronicled as a subplot to the greater story.
Clodius plays a minor role in the Ides of March, an epistolatory novel by Thornton Wilder dealing with characters and events leading to, and culminating in the assassination of Julius Caesar. Clodius' possible involvement with Ceasar's second wife Pompeia and his attempt to attend the secret rites of the Bona Dea are mentioned (though these events are transplanted in time).
References.
;
Cicero, Lettes (ed. Tyrrell and Purser), Pro Caelio, pro Sestio, pro Milone, pro Domo sua, de Haruspicum Responsis, in Pisonem; ;
Plutarch, Lucullus, Pompey, Cicero, Caesar; Dio Cassius xxxvi. 16, 19, xxxvii. 45, 46, 51, xxxviii. 12-14, xxxix. 6, if, xl. 48. See also I Gentile, Clodio e Cicerone (Milan, 1876);
ES Beesley, "Cicero and Clodius," in Fortnightly Review, v.; G Lacour-Gayet, De P. Clodio Pulchro (Paris, 1888), and in Revue historique (Sept. 1889); ;
Tatum, W. Jeffrey. The Patrician Tribune: P. Clodius Pulcher. Studies in the History of Greece and Rome. Chapel Hill: University of North Carolina Press, 1999 (hardcover, ISBN 0807824801).
H White, Cicero, Clodius and Milo (New York, 1900); ;
G Boissier, Cicero and his Friends (Eng. trans., 1897).
Cicero, Letters (ed. Evelyn Shuckburgh), DCCXIII (A XIV, 13 a). |
7733080 | Christian Social Party (Germany) | The Christian Social Party (, CSP) was an anti-Semitic christian political party in the Deutsche Reich, founded in 1878 by Adolf Stoecker as the Christlichsoziale Arbeiterpartei (Christian Social Workers' Party).
The Christian Social Party combined a strong religious and monarchist programme with progressive ideas on labour, and tried to provide an alternative for disillusioned Social Democrat voters.
In the 1878 elections, the party obtained less than 1% of the vote. Earlier, Johann Most led a large conjugation of Social Democrats in protesting against the party and its "christianity."
Although anti-Semitism was only a minor theme in the early stages of the party, the anti-semitic message was carried by the so-called Berlin Movement (Berliner Bewegung) of the 1880s, which gathered considerable support. The CSP never gained mass support, but Adolf Stoecker was able to obtain a seat in the Reichstag after an electoral coalition with the Conservative Party. When the Conservatives became worried with the over-tones in Stoecker' anti-Semitic messages (although Stoecker's messages were more targeted at Reform Judaism than orthodox Judaism), the Christian Socialists were forced from the coalition in 1896.
The demise of the Christian Social Party came in the early 1900s.
Most members of the CSP, under lead of Reichstag member Reinhard Mumm (who succeeded Adolf Stoecker in representing the Arnsberg constituency), stepped over to the German National People's Party (Deutschnationale Volkspartei) in 1918. The group separated itself again, stepping over to the Christian Social People's Service (Christlich-Soziale Volksdienst) in 1929 after Alfred Hugenberg became the People's Party's president in 1928.
Notable members.
Adolf Stoecker;
Hellmut von Gerlach;
References. |
8600077 | SIPCOT IT Park | SIPCOT IT Park is an Information Technology Park located in Padur, Siruseri, off Old Mahabalipuram Road, just outside Chennai. It is run by SIPCOT, the State Industries Promotion Corporation of Tami Nadu, a fully government-owned institution established in 1972.
Places within SIPCOT IT Park.
Companies.
Xansa: This currently houses over 1,000 employees;
Tata Consultancy Services: This is still under construction, and plans to house 10,000 employees;
Allfon;
Cognizant Technology Solutions;
Patni;
Biotech Park for Women Society;
Educational institutions.
Chennai Mathematical Institute;
ITM Business School;
Transportation.
Most of the companies/organizations within SIPCOT have their own transportation, including buses, tempo travellers, and smaller vehicles, to ferry their employees. Very few people use private transportation for commuting to SIPCOT, possibly due to the great distance between SIPCOT and their homes.
No thoroughfare is allowed within SIPCOT. Only one MTC bus plies through SIPCOT: 21H Cut, which goes to/from the Biotech Park for Women's Society.
SIPCOT is located on Old Mahabalipuram Road, and public transport (MTC buses) are available at a bus stop just outside the gate. Taxis and autos are not easy to get around SIPCOT as of now.
The public buses that stop at SIPCOT are 19B (going to Saidapet), M19B (going to Thiruvanmiyur), and M5 (going to Adyar). All these buses originate at Kelambakkam). The bus 21H going to Broadway is a green board (express) bus that passes via the SIPCOT IT Park bus stop but does not stop at it.
External links.
SIPCOT's offical page on the IT Park; |
5556614 | Armiansk municipality | Armyansk city municipality (, , ) is one of the 25 regions of Crimea. It is one of the smallest regions of the republic, located on the Perekop Isthmus.
The region includes the city of Armyansk and 3 villages: Suvorove (Cul a), Voloshyne (Qulla) and Pekekop (Or Qap ). Crimean Tatar names are mentioned in brackets. |
6298937 | Kaguyahime | is a manga by Reiko Shimizu.
Story.
Based on the Tale of the Bamboo Cutter, this manga tells of an island called Kabuchi-jima where ten children were raised in an orphanage as sacrifical victims. They manage to leave the island and think they had escaped their fates. But years later, they start to die at age sixteen in the order and the time they were to be sacrificed. The only way to stop it is to go back on the island and seek out the cause - Kaguya Hime - and destroy it. |
4724018 | Legs (song) | "Legs" is a song performed by the band ZZ Top from their 1983 album Eliminator. The song was released as a single in 1984 and reached #8 on the Billboard Hot 100 in the United States. The song's lyrics feature a sexual double entendre, a signature found in many ZZ Top songs.
Kid Rock covered the song for the WWE produced album, WWF Forceable Entry in 2002. It was used as WWE Diva, Stacy Keibler's entrance theme. |
2067271 | Crumple-horned Snorkack | The Crumple-horned Snorkack is a magical creature of dubious existence that is incapable of flight. It is mentioned several times in Harry Potter and the Order of the Phoenix by the character Luna Lovegood. The only people who accept the existence of this creature appear to be Luna Lovegood, her father, and presumably certain fans of Mr Lovegood's magazine, The Quibbler. According to Lovegood, some of these creatures can be found in Sweden. However, Hermione Granger doubts the existence of any Crumple-horned Snorkacks; they appear to be the magical equivalent of such dubious beings as the Loch Ness Monster or Yetis (though it should be noted that wizards accept these as completely real).
Debate over the existence of Crumple-horned Snorkacks is the subject of occasional tension between Hermione and Luna, although so far, the creatures have not played major roles in the series. Since most people do not believe Luna's claim that Crumple-horned Snorkacks do exist, they point to that claim as evidence of her weirdness. |
750978 | Machiko Hasegawa | Machiko Hasegawa ( Hasegawa Machiko, January 30, 1920 May 27, 1992, in Taku, Saga Prefecture) was one of the first female manga artists.
She started her own comic strip, Sazae-san, in 1946. It reached national circulation via the Asahi Shimbun in 1949 and ran daily until Hasegawa decided to retire in February, 1974. All of her comics were printed in Japan in digests of comic book form; by the mid-1990s, Hasegawa's estate had sold over 60 million copies in Japan alone.
Her comic strip was turned into a dramatic radio series in 1955 and a weekly animated series in 1969, which is still running in 2006.
Selected comics were translated into English, under the title The Wonderful World of Sazae-san.
See also.
Hasegawa Machiko Art Museum; |
56937 | List of common diseases | This is a list of common, well-known or infamous diseases. This is neither complete nor authoritative. This is not intended to be a list of rare diseases, nor is it a list of mental disorders.
This list includes both common names and technical names for diseases. This is deliberate; where multiple names are in common use for the same disease, all of those names should link to the main article for the disease.
This list has been collated from various sources in the Wikipedia, and public domain resources.
A number of rare diseases may be present in this list. Unless they are notable for other reasons (for example, Ebola), please remove rare diseases from this list, and add them to the list of rare diseases if they are not already listed there.
List of diseases (in alphabetical order):
A .
Avadhi;
Acne;
Adenoma;
Ageing;
AIDS;
Albinism;
Alcoholic hepatitis;
Alopecia;
Alzheimer's disease;
Amblyopia;
Amoebiasis or Amebiasis;
Anemia;
Aneurysm;
Anosmia;
Anotia;
Anthrax;
Appendicitis;
Apraxia;
Argyria;
Arteritis;
Arthritis;
Aseptic meningitis;
Asthenia;
Asthma;
Atherosclerosis;
Athetosis;
Athlete's foot;
Atrophy;
Autism;
B .
Beriberi;
Bipolar disorder;
Bladder infection;
Botulism;
Brucellosis;
Bubonic plague;
Brain cancer;
C .
Calculi;
Campylobacter infection;
Cancer;
Candidiasis;
Cardiac arrest;
Chagas disease;
Chalazion;
Chancroid;
Cherubism;
Chickenpox;
Chlamydia;
Cholera;
Chordoma;
Chorea;
Chronic fatigue syndrome;
Cleft lip;
Coccidioidomycosis;
Cold sore;
Colitis;
Color blindness;
Common cold;
Condyloma;
Congestive heart disease;
Coronary heart disease;
Cowpox;
Cretinism;
Cystic fibrosis;
D .
Dermatophytosis;
Diabetes mellitus;
Diaper rash;
Diphtheria;
E .
Ebola;
E. coli poisoning;
Encephalitis;
F .
Foodborne illness;
G .
Genital warts;
Gonorrhoea;
Glandular fever;
H .
Hemophilia A;
Hepatitis A;
Hepatitis B;
Hepatitis C;
Hepatitis E;
Herpes;
Huntington's disease;
Hypertension;
Headache;
I .
Ichthyosis;
Influenza;
Interstitial cystitis;
Iritis;
Iron-deficiency anemia;
Irritable bowel syndrome;
J .
Jaundice;
K .
Keloids;
Keratosis pilaris;
Kuru (disease);
Kwashiorkor;
L .
Lazy eye;
Lead poisoning;
Legionellosis;
Leishmaniasis;
Leprosy;
Leptospirosis;
Listeriosis;
Leukemia;
Loiasis;
Lupus erythematosus;
Lyme disease;
Lymphogranuloma venereum;
Lymphoma;
M .
Malaria;
Marburg fever;
Measles;
Melioidosis;
Ménière's disease;
Meningitis;
Meningococcemia;
Migraine;
Multiple myeloma;
Multiple Sclerosis;
Mumps;
Muscular dystrophy;
Myasthenia gravis;
Myelitis;
Myoclonus;
Myopathy;
Myopia;
Myxedema;
N .
Neoplasm;
Non-gonococcal urethritis;
O .
Obsessive-compulsive disorder;
Obesity;
Osteoarthritis;
P .
Pancreatitis;
Paratyphoid fever;
Parkinson's disease;
Pelvic inflammatory disease;
Peritonitis;
Periodontal disease;
Pertussis;
Phenylketonuria;
Pityriasis rosea;
Plague (bubonic, septicemic, pneumonic and pharyngeal);
Pneumonia;
Polio or Poliomyelitis;
Porphyria;
Progeria;
Prostatitis;
Psittacosis;
Psoriasis;
Pubic lice;
Q .
Q fever;
R .
Rabies;
Raynaud's disease;
Repetitive strain injury (RSI);
Rheumatic fever;
Rheumatoid arthritis;
Rickets;
Rift Valley fever;
Rocky Mountain spotted fever;
Rubella;
Rheumatic heart disease;
S .
Salmonella poisoning;
Salmonellosis;
Scabies;
Scarlet fever;
Sciatica;
Schizophrenia;
Scleroderma;
Scurvy;
Sepsis;
SARS;
Shigellosis;
Shingles;
Shock;
Sickle-cell disease;
Siderosis;
Silicosis;
Stevens-Johnson syndrome;
Strabismus;
Strep throat;
Streptococcal infection;
Synovitis;
Syphilis;
T .
Tapeworm infection;
Tay-Sachs disease;
Teratoma;
Tetanus;
Thalassaemia;
Thrush;
Tinnitus;
Toxic shock syndrome;
Trichomoniasis;
Trisomy;
Tuberculosis;
Tularemia;
Tungiasis;
Typhoid or Typhoid fever;
Typhus;
U .
Ulcerative colitis;
Uremia;
Urticaria;
Uveitis;
V .
Varicella;
Vasovagal syncope;
Vitiligo;
W .
Warkany syndrome;
Warts;
X .
Y .
Yellow fever;
Yaws; |
6325130 | Tamil Trinity | The Tamil Trinity (also known as the Tamil Moovar) commonly refers to the three Tamil composers of early Carnatic music. They were Muthu Thandavar (?1560 - ?1640 CE), Arunachala Kavi (1712-1779) and Marimutthu Pillai (1717-1787), and lived five decades before the Tiruvarur Trinity or Trinity of Carnatic Music. They introduced several innovations that led to the evolution of the Carnatic Kriti (song).
References.
Tamil Music - Carnatica;
- Tamil Trinity; |
987673 | Rumtek Monastery | Rumtek (), also called the Dharmachakra Centre, is a Tibetan Buddhist monastery located in the Indian state of Sikkim near the capital Gangtok. Originally built by the 9th Karmapa Wangchuk Dorje in 16th century, Rumtek served as the main seat of the Karma Kagyu lineage in Sikkim for some time. But when the 16th Karmapa arrived in Sikkim in 1959, after fleeing before the Chinese occupation of Tibet, it was in ruins. Despite being offered other sites, the Karmapa decided to rebuild Rumtek. To him, the site possessed many auspicious qualities and was surrounded by the most favorable attributes. For example, flowing streams, mountains behind, a snow range in front, and a river below. With the generosity and help of the Sikkim royal family and the Indian government, it has been built by the 16th Karmapa as his main seat in exile.
After four years, construction of the monastery was completed. The sacred items and relics brought out from Tsurphu, the Karmapa's seat in Tibet, were installed. On Tibetan New Year's day (Losar) in 1966 the 16th Karmapa officially inaugurated the new seat called, "The Dharmachakra Centre, a place of erudition and spiritual accomplishment, the seat of the glorious Karmapa."
The monastery is currently the largest in Sikkim. It is home to the community of monks and where they perform the rituals and practices of the Karma Kagyu lineage. A Golden Stupa contains the relics of the 16th Karmapa. Opposite that building is a college, Karma Shri Nalanda Institute for Higher Buddhist Studies.
Rumtek is located 24 km from Gangtok, the capital of the Sikkim, at an altitude of about 1500 m.
Rumtek is currently at the centre of the Karmapa controversy with a lengthy battle being played out in the Indian courts. Two rival organisations, both supporting different candidates for the 17th Karmapa claim stewardship of the monastery and its contents. The two organisations are the Karmapa Charitable Trust (supporting Thaye Dorje) and the Tsurphu Labrang (supporting Ogyen Trinley Dorje). Currently neither Karmapa candidate resides at Rumtek.
External links.
;
Rumtek details at Kaguoffice.org - Suppporters of Ogyen Trinley Dorje;
Rumtek Monastery's Official Website - Supporters of Ogyen Trinley;
Information on the Rumtek case in the Indian courts; |
807003 | Calcium phosphate | Calcium phosphate is the name given to a family of minerals containing calcium ions (Ca2+) together with orthophosphates (PO43-), metaphosphates or pyrophosphates (P2O74-) and occasionally hydrogen or hydroxide ions.
Varieties.
Uses.
Calcium phosphate is an important raw material for the production of phosphoric acid and fertilizers, for example in the Odda process. Overuse of certain forms of calcium phosphate can lead to nutrient-containing surface runoff and subsequent adverse effects upon receiving waters such as algal blooms and eutrophication.
Calcium phosphate is also a raising agent, with E number E341. It is also used in cheese products.
It is also used as a nutritional supplement. There is some debate about the different bioavailabilities of the different calcium salts.
Another practical application of the compound is its use in gene transfection. The calcium ions can make a cell competent to allow exogenous genes to enter the cell by diffusion. A heat shock afterwards then induces the cell to repair itself. This is a quick and easy method for transfection, albeit a rather inefficient one. Calcium chloride is also used for this purpose. |
885805 | Synod of Pistoia | The Synod of Pistoia was a diocesan synod held in 1786 under the presidency of Scipione de' Ricci (1741-1810), bishop of Pistoia, and the patronage of Leopold, grand-duke of Tuscany, with a view to preparing the ground for a national council and a reform of the Tuscan Church.
On January 26 the grand-duke issued a circular letter to the Tuscan bishops suggesting certain reforms, especially in the matter of the restoration of the authority of diocesan synods, the purging of the missals and breviaries of legends, the assertion of episcopal as against papal authority, the curtailing of the privileges of the monastic orders, and the better education of the clergy.
In spite of the hostile attitude of the great majority of the bishops, Bishop de Ricci issued on July 31 a summons to a diocesan synod, which was solemnly opened on the September 18. It was attended by 233 beneficed secular and 13 regular priests, and decided with practical unanimity on a series of decrees which, had it been possible to carry them into effect, would have involved a drastic alteration of the Church on the lines advocated by Febronius.
The first decree (Decretum de fide et ecclesia) declared that the Roman Catholic Church has no right to introduce new dogmas, but only to preserve in its original purity the faith once delivered by Christ to His apostles, and is infallible only so far as it conforms to Holy Scripture and true tradition; the Church, moreover is a purely spiritual body and has no authority in things secular. Other decrees denounced the abuse of indulgences, of festivals of saints, and of processions and suggested reforms; others again enjoined the closing of shops on Sunday during divine service, the issue of service-books with parallel translations in the vernacular, a vernacularization of the Roman Rite and recommended the abolition of all monastic orders except that of St. Benedict, the rules of which were to be brought into harmony with modern ideas; nuns were to be forbidden to take the vows before the age of 40. The last decree proposed the convocation of a national council. Its claims and teachings incorporated many demands made by the Jansenist clergy previously, though the synod cannot be said to have been Jansenist in essence.
These decrees were issued together with a pastoral letter of Bishop de Ricci, and were warmly approved by the grand-duke, at whose instance a national synod of the Tuscan bishops met at Florence on April 23, 1787. The temper of this assembly was, however, wholly different. The bishops refused to allow a voice to any not of their own order, and in the end the decrees of Pistoia were supported by a minority of only three. They were finally condemned at Rome by the bull Auctorem fidei of August 28, 1794. De' Ricci, deprived of the personal support of the grand-duke (now the emperor Leopold I), exposed to pressure from Rome, and threatened with mob violence as a suspected destroyer of holy relics, resigned his see in 1791, and lived in Florence as a private gentleman until his death. In May 1805, on the return of Pope Pius VII from Paris, he signed an act of submission to the papal decision of 1794.
De' Ricci's own memoirs, Memorie di Scipione de Ricci, vescovo di Prato e Pistoia, edited by Antonio Galli, were published at Florence in two volumes in 1865. Besides this, his letters to Antonio Marini were published by Cesare Guasti at Prato in 1857; these were promptly put on the Index. See also De Potter, Vie de Scipion de Ricci (2 vols., Brussels, 1825), based on a manuscript life and a manuscript account of the synod placed on the Index in 1823. There are many documents in Zobi, Storia civile della Toscana, vols. ii. and iii. (Florence, 1856). The acts of the synod of Pistoia were published in Italian and Latin at Pavia in 1788.
---- |
8625254 | Sundhi | Sundhi is a prominent caste in orissa. Its main occupation is cultivating sara(local liquor).The caste is also found in the north east districts of andhra pradesh(Srikakulam, Vizianagaram and Visakhapatnam). The caste is also called Sondi in Andhra Pradesh. The caste is also spread in some parts of Chattisgarh, Bihar and West Bengal.The caste is divided into two sects named Upper Sundhi and Lower Sundhi(Also called Behera Sundhi).Most of the Sundhis are well educated, particularly in Andhra Pradesh. One of the rich sect in the upper coastal districts of Andhra Pradesh.The following are the surnames found in the north east coastal districts, kadambala, nemalipuri, mogulupuri, pandava, uttrakavata(uttarala), sahukari, kamsu, ratnala, nallana, labala, nilagiri, teegala, tulala, gajarao, sunnamuddi and so on |
2466126 | Raimondo Franchetti | Baron Raimondo Franchetti has been the name of more than one Italian Baron, the most famous of whom lived from 1889 until his death in an airplane crash in the Egyptian desert in 1935.
More information about him on V.Isacchini, "Il 10° parallelo - vita di Raimondo Franchetti da Salgari alla Guerra d'Africa", Aliberti, Reggio Emilia, Italy, 2005
Family.
His grandfather, also Raimondo Franchetti, married Louise Sarah Rotschild into the Rothschild banking family. |
8267063 | 1807 in the United Kingdom | Events from the year 1807 in the United Kingdom.
Events.
March - Duke of Portland asked to form a government following the collapse of the Ministry of all the Talents. ;
March 25 - The Slave Trade Act becomes law abolishing the slave trade in the British Empire.
March 25 - The Swansea and Mumbles Railway, then known as the Oystermouth Railway, became the first passenger carrying railway in the world.
May 4 June 9 - the Duke of Portland wins the general election.
June 22 - Chesapeake-Leopard Affair, Royal Navy warship HMS Leopard attacked and boarded the American frigate USS Chesapeake.
July 5 - Disastrous attack on Buenos Aires.
July 7-9 - Peace of Tilsit between France, Prussia and Russia. Napoleon and Russian Emperor Alexander I ally together against the British. ;
July 13 - With the death of Henry Benedict Stuart, the last Stuart claimant to the throne, the movement of Jacobitism comes to an effective end.
September 2 September 7 - Battle of Copenhagen: British Navy bombards Copenhagen with fire bombs and phosphorus rockets to prevent Denmark from surrendering its fleet to Napoleon. 30% of the city was destroyed and 2000 citizens were killed.
December 22 - The U.S. Congress passes the Embargo Act in response to the Orders in Council.
Unknown dates.
Potassium and sodium isolated by Sir Humphry Davy.
Geological Society of London founded.
Births.
October 8 - Harriet Taylor English philosophical writer (died 1858);
Deaths.
May 18 - John Douglas, Anglican bishop (b. 1721);
July 13 - Henry Benedict Stuart, claimant to the throne of the United Kingdom (b. 1725);
September 14 - George Townshend, 1st Marquess Townshend, field marshal (b. 1724);
December 21 - John Newton, cleric and hymnist (b. 1725); |
1589269 | Cusp neighborhood | In mathematics, a cusp neighborhood is defined as a set of points near a cusp.
Cusp neighborhood for a Riemann surface.
The cusp neighborhood for a hyperbolic Riemann surface can be defined in terms of its Fuchsian model.
Suppose that the Fuchsian group G contains a parabolic element g. For example, the element where
is a parabolic element. Note that all parabolic elements of are conjugate to this element. That is, if is parabolic, then for some .
The set
;
where is the upper half-plane has
;
for any
where is understood to mean the group generated by g. That is, acts properly discontinuously on U. Because of this, it can be seen that the projection of U onto H/G is thus
.
Here, E is called the neighborhood of the cusp corresponding to g.
Note that the hyperbolic area of E is exactly 1, when computed using the canonical Poincaré metric. This is most easily seen by example: consider the intersection of U defined above with the fundamental domain
;
of the modular group, as would be appropriate for the choice of T as the parabolic element. When integrated over the volume element
;
the result is trivially 1. Areas of all cusp neighborhoods are equal to this, by the invariance of the area under conjugation. |
2690400 | Petit Jean Electric Cooperative | Petit Jean Electric Cooperative is a non-profit rural electric utility cooperative headquartered in Clinton, Arkansas, with a district office in Marshall, Arkansas.
The Cooperative was organized in October 1940, but due to World War II never laid any new power lines. Instead, in September 1942 it would purchase the privately held Clinton Light and Ice Company, consisting of 780 accounts over 61 miles of power line (the former owner, Clarence Tingley, would later serve as Superintendent of the Cooperative). The Cooperative would relocate to Clinton as a result of the purchase. Later, in October 1945 the Cooperative would purchase 22.2 miles of line from Arkansas Power and Light (a predecessor of Entergy Corporation), nearly tripling the size of the Cooperative's territory, and in the 1950's extended to the Marshall area by purchasing the service area power lines from Carroll Electric Cooperative.
The Cooperative serves a territory generally surrounding Clinton and Marshall.
The Cooperative has more than 3,092 miles of distribution lines, and services 17,600 accounts.
External links.
Petit Jean Electric Cooperative;
Index of PJE Member-initiated correspondence and response.; |
17549 | Forever Changes | Forever Changes (1967) is the third album released by the Los Angeles-based quintet Love.
History.
Dropping keyboardist Alban Pfisterer and flautist/saxophonist Tjay Cantrelli, the remaining five-piece performed on nine of the album's eleven tracks. The album was the first to be produced by Arthur Lee, with assistance from Bruce Botnick.
Originally, the album was to be produced by Botnick and Neil Young, but Young bowed out due to his commitments to Buffalo Springfield. However, according to the liner notes of the 1995 compliation "Love Story", Young did stick with the album project long enough to arrange the track "The Daily Planet".
The sessions began in June 1967, with the group (except for Lee and Maclean) replaced by well-known Los Angeles session musicians Billy Strange (guitar), Don Randi (piano), Hal Blaine (drums) and, in most likelihood, Carol Kaye (bass). This studio line-up was put in place due to the regular line-up's alleged inability to function. The two tracks laid down, "Andmoreagain" and "The Daily Planet", were later given sparing overdubs by the actual members of Love, who felt the tracks otherwise sufficed.
Botnick recalls that the use of session musicians "sparked" the band, and they "realized they had blown it, got their act together and recorded the rest of the album". After much rehearsal, the group resumed work in August and continued through September, quickly laying down the remaining nine tracks, with a total estimated cost at $2,257. Rooted in acoustics, the album's lyrics were a perfect summation of the year 1967, at times joyous, at times contemplative, at times downright devastating.
"When I did that album," commented Arthur Lee, "I thought I was going to die at that particular time, so those were my last words." This is borne out by perhaps the most famous lines from the album, on the song "The Red Telephone":
"Sitting on a hillside;
Watching all the people die;
I'll feel much better on the other side." ;
A September recording session finished the album, sweetening the final mixes with horns and strings (arranged by David Angel with each song's respective songwriter), as well as some additional piano from Randi, who played all the keyboard parts on the album as the band now had no keyboard player.
The album was released in November with cover art by Bob Pepper and disappeared, rising to a lowly #154 on the Billboard charts. It did however reach the Top 30 in Britain. Only well after the group's break-up would the album be recognized as a masterpiece by the rock journalism press. It was re-released in an expanded version in 2001 on Rhino Records, featuring alternate mixes, outtakes and the group's 1968 single, "Your Mind and We Belong Together"/"Laughing Stock", the last tracks featuring Johnny Echols, Ken Forssi, Michael Stuart and, in most likelihood, Bryan MacLean. As for Arthur Lee, he would reform the group in late 1968 with all-new members and carry on the Love name for a few more years.
In 1998 Q magazine readers voted Forever Changes the 82nd greatest album of all time. In Joe S. Harrington's Top 100 Albums it comes in at #69. Rolling Stone magazine ranked Forever Changes 40th in its list of the 500 greatest albums of all time in the December 11, 2003 issue. In a special issue of Mojo magazine, it was ranked the second greatest psychedelic album of all time. Forever Changes was ranked 83rd in a 2005 survey held by British television's Channel 4 to determine the 100 greatest albums of all time.
Track listing.
November 1967 issue.
"Alone Again Or" (Maclean, 3:16) ;
"A House Is Not a Motel" (Lee, 3:31);
"Andmoreagain" (Lee, 3:18);
"The Daily Planet" (Lee, 3:30);
"Old Man" (Maclean, 3:02);
"The Red Telephone" (Lee, 4:46);
"Maybe the People Would Be the Times or Between Clark and Hilldale" (Lee, 3:34);
"Live and Let Live" (Lee, 5:26);
"The Good Humor Man He Sees Everything Like This" (Lee, 3:08);
"Bummer in the Summer" (Lee, 2:24);
"You Set the Scene" (Lee, 6:56);
February 2001 reissue.
"Alone Again Or" (Maclean, 3:16);
"A House Is Not a Motel" (Lee, 3:31);
"Andmoreagain" (Lee/Maclean, 3:18);
"The Daily Planet" (Lee, 3:30);
"Old Man" (Maclean, 3:02);
"The Red Telephone" (Lee, 4:46);
"Maybe the People Would Be the Times or Between Clark and Hilldale" (Lee, 3:34);
"Live and Let Live" (Lee, 5:26);
"The Good Humor Man He Sees Everything Like This" (Lee, 3:08);
"Bummer in the Summer" (Lee, 2:24);
"You Set the Scene" (Lee, 6:56);
Hummingbirds (Lee, 2:43);
Wonder People (I Do Wonder) (Lee, 3:27);
Alone Again Or (alternate mix) (MacLean, 2:55);
You Set the Scene (alternate mix) (Lee, 7:01);
Your Mind And We Belong Together (tracking session highlights) (Lee, 8:16) ;
Your Mind And We Belong Together (Lee, 4:28);
Laughing Stock (Lee, 2:33);
Personnel.
Music.
Band members:;
Arthur Lee: lead vocals, guitar, arranger;
Johnny Echols: lead guitar;
Bryan MacLean: rhythm guitar, vocals, arranger (lead vocals on "Alone Again Or" and "Old Man");
Ken Forssi: bass;
Michael Stuart: drums, percussion;
With:;
David Angel: arranger, orchestrations;
And uncredited contributions from:;
Hal Blaine: drums on "Andmoreagain" and "The Daily Planet";
Carol Kaye: bass on "Andmoreagain" (unconfirmed);
Don Randi: all piano;
Billy Strange: guitar on "Andmoreagain" and "The Daily Planet";
Neil Young: arranger on "The Daily Planet";
Orchestra: Robert Barene, Arnold Belnick, James Getzoff, Marshall Sosson, Darrel Terwilliger (violins); Norman Botnick (viola); Jesse Ehrlich (cello); Chuck Berghofer (double bass); Bud Brisbois, Roy Caton, Ollie Mitchell (trumpets); Richard Leith (trombone);
Production & design.
Bruce Botnick and Arthur Lee: Producers;
Bruce Botnick: Engineer;
Jac Holzman: Production Supervisor;
Zal Schreiber: Mastering;
William S. Harvey: Cover Design;
Bob Pepper: Cover Art; |
463448 | Ichinomiya, Kumamoto | Ichinomiya ( ; -machi) was a town located in Aso District, Kumamoto, Japan. On February 11, 2005, the town merged with another town and a village from the district forming the city of Aso and no longer exists as an independent municipality.
Ichinomiya literally means "the first shrine" of the province. In case of this town, it referred to the Aso Shrine of the Higo Province.
As of 2003, the town had an estimated population of 9,977 and a density of 94.54 persons per km². The total area was 105.53 km².
External links.
Official website of Aso ; |
6715432 | Ripalta Cremasca | Ripalta Cremasca is a comune (municipality) in the Province of Cremona in the Italian region Lombardy, located about 45 km southeast of Milan and about 35 km northwest of Cremona. As of 31 December 2004, it had a population of 3,252 and an area of 11.8 km2.
Ripalta Cremasca borders the following municipalities: Capergnanica, Credera Rubbiano, Crema, Madignano, Moscazzano, Ripalta Arpina, Ripalta Guerina.
Demographic evolution .
Colors=
id:lightgrey value:gray(0.9)
id:darkgrey value:gray(0.8)
id:sfondo value:rgb(1,1,1)
id:barra value:rgb(0.6,0.7,0.8)
ImageSize = width:455 height:303
PlotArea = left:50 bottom:50 top:30 right:30
DateFormat = x.y
Period = from:0 till:4000
TimeAxis = orientation:vertical
AlignBars = justify
ScaleMajor = gridcolor:darkgrey increment:1000 start:0
ScaleMinor = gridcolor:lightgrey increment:200 start:0
BackgroundColors = canvas:sfondo
BarData=
bar:1861 text:1861
bar:1871 text:1871
bar:1881 text:1881
bar:1901 text:1901
bar:1911 text:1911
bar:1921 text:1921
bar:1931 text:1931
bar:1936 text:1936
bar:1951 text:1951
bar:1961 text:1961
bar:1971 text:1971
bar:1981 text:1981
bar:1991 text:1991
bar:2001 text:2001
PlotData=
color:barra width:20 align:left
bar:1861 from: 0 till:1981
bar:1871 from: 0 till:2110
bar:1881 from: 0 till:2200
bar:1901 from: 0 till:2192
bar:1911 from: 0 till:2351
bar:1921 from: 0 till:2425
bar:1931 from: 0 till:2510
bar:1936 from: 0 till:2536
bar:1951 from: 0 till:2718
bar:1961 from: 0 till:2406
bar:1971 from: 0 till:2514
bar:1981 from: 0 till:2647
bar:1991 from: 0 till:2917
bar:2001 from: 0 till:3062
PlotData=
bar:1861 at:1981 fontsize:XS text: 1981 shift:(-8,5)
bar:1871 at:2110 fontsize:XS text: 2110 shift:(-8,5)
bar:1881 at:2200 fontsize:XS text: 2200 shift:(-8,5)
bar:1901 at:2192 fontsize:XS text: 2192 shift:(-8,5)
bar:1911 at:2351 fontsize:XS text: 2351 shift:(-8,5)
bar:1921 at:2425 fontsize:XS text: 2425 shift:(-8,5)
bar:1931 at:2510 fontsize:XS text: 2510 shift:(-8,5)
bar:1936 at:2536 fontsize:XS text: 2536 shift:(-8,5)
bar:1951 at:2718 fontsize:XS text: 2718 shift:(-8,5)
bar:1961 at:2406 fontsize:XS text: 2406 shift:(-8,5)
bar:1971 at:2514 fontsize:XS text: 2514 shift:(-8,5)
bar:1981 at:2647 fontsize:XS text: 2647 shift:(-8,5)
bar:1991 at:2917 fontsize:XS text: 2917 shift:(-8,5)
bar:2001 at:3062 fontsize:XS text: 3062 shift:(-8,5)
TextData=
fontsize:S pos:(20,20)
text:Data from ISTAT
References. |
1364160 | A?r? Province | For Mount A r (A r Da ), see Mount Ararat.;
For the capital of the province, see A r .;
A r (Armenian: ; Kurdish: Agirî ) is a province on the eastern borders of Turkey, bordering Iran to the east, Kars to the North, Erzurum to the Northeast, Mu and Bitlis to the Southeast, Van to the south, and I d r to the northeast. Area 11,376 km². Population 437,093 (1990).
The provincial capital is A r , situated on a 1,650 m. high plateau.
Etymology.
See Mount Ararat (A r Da ).
In the Ottoman Empire era the area was called orbulak, and Karakilise (black church) which was then mutated to Karaköse (the black man with no moustache!!!) towards the end of the Ottoman period.
Districts.
A r province is divided into 8 districts (capital district in bold):
A r ;
Diyadin;
Do ubeyaz t;
Ele kirt;
Hamur;
Patnos;
Ta l çay;
Tutak;
Geography.
A r is named after the nearby majestic Mount Ararat, a 5,165 m. high stratovolcano, the highest mountain in Turkey. It can be climbed from here and can be seen from parts of Armenia, Iran, Georgia, and Azerbaijan. The nearest town to the mountain is Do ubeyaz t.
46% of the province is mountain, 29% is plain, 18% is plateau, and 7% high meadow. As well as Ararat there are many other peaks over 3,000m, including Alada lar and Tendürek. The plains are fertile, being covered in volcanic deposits, and are used for growing grains and grazing. Various tributaries of the Murat River (which later feeds the Euphrates) flow through the area and water these plains. The high meadows are used for grazing.
The weather here is very, very cold (temperatures as low as -45C in winter) and the mountainsides are mainly bare. There are a number of important passes and routes through the mountains.
History.
The plateau of A r was historically controlled by the Kingdom of Urartu until its transition to the Orontid Dynasty of the Kingdom of Armenia. The area was coveted by many foreign invaders as a gateway between east and west. It was conquered numerous times by Assyrians, Greeks, Romans, Byzantines, Arabs, Mongols, Persians, and finally by the Seljuq and Ottoman Turks.
The first Turkish presence in the region was the brief occupation of the Do ubeyaz t area by the Saka in 680. The first Muslims in the area were the Abbasids in 872. The Turkish hordes began to pass through in huge numbers following the defeat of the Byzantine armies at Malazgirt in 1071, sometimes pursued by Mongols. The land was brought into the Ottoman Empire by Sultan Selim II following the Battle of Chaldiran.
Under Ottoman rule, the area that is now the A r Province mostly consisted of indigenous Armenians and Kurds. The former lived fairly well until the Hamidian massacres and the Armenian Genocide. Those Armenians who managed to escape liquidation fled north to Russian Armenia.
Since the establishment of the modern Turkish Republic, the area became unstable again with numerous Kurdish uprisings (one even leading to the temporary establishment of a Kurdish state, the Republic of Ararat).
Recent events.
On August 19, 2006, a Turkish-Iranian natural gas pipeline exploded in the province. Turkish authorities suspect separatist PKK was behind the incident.
A r today.
People live by grazing animals and A r also attracts tourists to the mountain, for climbing and trekking in summers, and skiing in winters; and also some are keen to see places of interest such as:
Ishak Pasha Palace and the second-largest meteor crater in the world, in Do ubeyaz t;
Aznavur Tepe in Patnos;
The tomb of Ahmedi Hani in Diyadin.
External links .
the provincial governorate;
A r Weather Forecast Information; |
2204223 | Avobenzone | Avobenzone (trade names Parsol® 1789, Eusolex® 9020, Escalol® 517 and others, INCI Butyl Methoxydibenzoylmethane) is an oil soluble ingredient used in sunscreen products to absorb both UVA and UVB rays. Its ability to absorb ultraviolet light over a wider range of wavelengths than many organic sunscreen agents has led to its use in many commercial preparations marketed as "broad spectrum" sunscreens. According to doctors, "the most effective sunscreens contain avobenzone and titanium dioxide."
Avobenzone has been shown to degrade significantly in light, resulting in less protection over time. This degradation can be reduced by using a photostabilizer, like octocrylene. Other photostabilizers include:
4-methylbenzylidene camphor (USAN Enzacamene);
Tinosorb® S (USAN Bemotrizinol, INCI Bis-Ethylhexyloxyphenol Methoxyphenyl Triazine);
Tinosorb® M (USAN Bisoctrizole, INCI Methylene Bis-Benzotriazolyl Tetramethylbutylphenol);
Butyloctyl Salicylate;
Hexadecyl Benzoate;
Butyloctyl Benzoate;
Mexoryl® SX (USAN Ecamsule, INCI Terephthalylidene Dicamphor Sulfonic Acid) ;
Diethylhexyl 2,6-Naphthalate;
Parsol® SLX (INCI Polysilicone-15);
Avobenzone shows to degrade faster in light in combination with mineral UV absorbers like zinc oxide and titanium dioxide. The FDA prohibits this combination. With the right coating of the mineral particles this reaction can be reduced. Avobenzone reacts with minerals to form colored complexes. Manufacturers of avobenzone, like DSM recommend to include a chelator to prevent this from happening. They also recommend to avoid the inclusion of iron and ferric salts, heavy metals, formaldehyde donors and PABA and PABA esters.
The makers of Coppertone advise that avobenzone binds iron and can cause staining of clothes washed in iron-rich water.
See also.
Tinosorb ;
Mexoryl;
SPF ;
titanium dioxide;
zinc oxide;
Notes.
External links.
Discussion of Parsol 1789 properties; |
1243627 | Sean Conway | Sean Conway (born July 24, 1951 in Pembroke, Ontario) was a long-serving politician in Ontario, Canada. He was a Liberal member of the Legislative Assembly of Ontario from 1975 to 2003, and was a high-profile cabinet minister in the government of David Peterson.
Conway attended St. Joseph's Separate School, Madawaska Valley District High School, and completed his education at Waterloo Lutheran University (now Wilfrid Laurier University) and Queen's University.
In the provincial election of 1975, at age twenty-four, Conway was elected as a Liberal Member of Provincial Parliament (MPP) for the eastern Ontario riding of Renfrew North. His grandfather, Thomas Patrick Murray, had represented Renfrew South for the Liberals from 1929 to 1945. He defeated Progressive Conservative candidate Bob Cotnam by 183 votes. The Progressive Conservatives won a minority government in the election, and Conway sat with his party in the opposition benches.
The Liberals increased their parliamentary representation in the 1977 election, although not by enough to form government; Conway was re-elected over Cotnam by an increased margin. He became his party's official Critic for Health following the election, and served in this capacity for the entirety of the four-year minority parliament which followed.
The Progressive Conservatives won a majority government in the 1981 provincial election, although Conway was popular enough in his own riding to be re-elected by about 2,000 votes. On March 9, 1982, he was chosen as Deputy Leader of Liberal Party by David Peterson, who had defeated Sheila Copps in a leadership convention the previous month.
The provincial election of 1985 resulted in a hung parliament, with the Progressive Conservatives having only four more seats than the Liberals and the New Democratic Party holding the balance of power with twenty-five seats. Conway, by this time regarded as being on the progressive wing of his party, was involved in the Liberal Party's post-election negotiations with the NDP. In this capacity, he helped bring about a written pact in which the NDP offered support to the Liberals for two years in return for certain progressive legislative initiatives. On June 26, 1985 was named as the province's Minister of Education.
Conway's most controversial responsibility as Education Minister was managing the government's legislation for full funding to Ontario's Roman Catholic separate schools. Conway's grandfather, Thomas Murray, had championed a similar initiative in the 1930s, and was disappointed when Mitchell Hepburn backed away from a previous commitment in the face of Protestant opposition. Conway had supported the announcement of full funding by Bill Davis's Progressive Conservative government prior to the 1985 election, and was responsible for significantly increasing the actual revenues to the Catholic system after a mathematical error in the Davis government's funding formula came to light. He also guaranteed hiring rights for non-Catholics within the system, and exempted non-Catholic children from compulsory religious education in separate high schools.
For Conway, the issue of separate-school funding was a question of righting an historical wrong; others, however, regarded government funding of Catholic education as a threat to the public school system. The larger issue of denominational school funding remains extremely controversial in the province.
On June 17, 1986, Conway was also named Acting Ontario Minister of Government Services, a position which he held until the dissolution of parliament in 1987. He was re-elected by a landslide in the 1987 provincial election, in which the Liberals won 95 of 130 seats. On September 29, 1987, he was named Government House Leader and Minister of Mines. Following a cabinet shuffle on August 2, 1989, he was again named Minister of Education, and also held the portfolios of Minister of Skills Development and Colleges and Universities.
Like many others in the Peterson government, Conway opposed holding an early election in 1990 (in fact, he would later reveal that sentiment in the party caucus was almost uniformly against an early trip to the polls). Nonetheless, Peterson called a snap provincial election in 1990, and his party was resoundingly defeated by the NDP. Conway himself was re-elected in a landslide in Renfrew North, where the NDP has a very limited base of historical support. On September 17, 1991, he was chosen as Deputy Leader of the Official Opposition. Conway did not contest the Liberal leadership in 1992.
The Progressive Conservatives under Mike Harris returned to government in the 1995 provincial election with a large majority. Despite the Tories' sweep of much of the province, Conway's personal popularity allowed him a fairly easily re-election in Renfrew North.
Conway was the early frontrunner to succeed Lyn McLeod as party leader in 1996, and surprised many by choosing not to run. Conway instead supporting Dwight Duncan, who finished fourth. He continued to serve as Deputy Opposition Leader until December 19, 1996, when new party leader Dalton McGuinty replaced him with Joseph Cordiano. In the 1999 election, he defeated an incumbent MPP, Tory Leo Jordan, in the redistributed riding of Renfrew--Nipissing--Pembroke. With the retirement of Bud Wildman in 1999, Conway became the longest-serving member of the legislature.
Having spent more than half his life as an MPP, Conway decided to retire before the 2003 provincial election. He is currently a member of TV Ontario's political discussion panel, a public policy advisor with Gowlings Professionals, and a Visiting Fellow at the Queen's University School of Policy Studies. |
1273043 | American Tune | "American Tune" is a song written and first performed by Paul Simon. The song first appeared on Simon's second solo album following the breakup of Simon and Garfunkel, There Goes Rhymin' Simon (1973). It was also released as a single, Columbia 45900, backed with "One Man's Ceiling Is Another Man's Floor," which Simon released on the same album.
Lyrically, the song at the surface is an evocation of weariness and confusion, as the narrator describes being far from home and "wonder what's gone wrong." Metaphorically, the song may be addressing the perceived decline of American society as the lyrics include a dream image of the Statue of Liberty "sailing away to sea" and rueful mentions of the Mayflower and the Apollo program, before concluding "it's all right/You can't be forever blessed/Still tomorrow's going to be another working day/And I'm trying to get some rest."
Musically, the song is notable for being based on a melody line from Johann Sebastian Bach's chorale from "St. Matthew Passion," itself a reworking of an earlier secular song, "Mein Gmüth ist mir verwirret," composed by Hans Hassler.
Eventually it became a concert favorite, both for Simon and in reunion concerts with Simon's former singing partner Art Garfunkel (who has stated in concert that he wished that he and Simon had recorded this song before they split in 1970). The duo has claimed that had they not split, the song would have become another massive hit, similar to what "Bridge Over Troubled Water" had been. The song appears on several of Simon's solo live albums and on Simon and Garfunkel's post-breakup live albums, as well as many Simon compilation albums. The song has also been covered by many artists, notably Willie Nelson and Eva Cassidy.
The song was also featured on at least one episode of the NBC television series Providence. |
2681709 | Alpha2 Canum Venaticorum variable | Alpha² Canum Venaticorum variables are main sequence variable stars of spectral class B8p to A7p. They display strong magnetic fields and have strong silicon, strontium, and chromium spectral lines. Their brightness typically varies by 0.01 to 0.1 magnitudes over the course of 0.5 to 160 days.
The prototype, and most well known of these variables is Cor Caroli ( CVn) which has fluctuations in brightness of 0.1 magnitudes with a period of 5.47 days.
References.
Samus N.N., Durlevich O.V., et al. Combined General Catalog of Variable Stars (GCVS4.2, 2004 Ed.) |
3143183 | Farris, Oklahoma | Farris is a small community in Atoka County, Oklahoma. It lies east of the county seat of Atoka on Highway 3 near the border of the county. There is a small, K-8 grade school at Farris, but those students who are above the eighth grade attend Atoka High School in Atoka, some twenty miles away from the town. The post office was established May 17, 1902. It was named for the first postmaster, John L. Farris.
External links. |
8931454 | Theodore Case | Theodore Willard Case (1888 Auburn, New York 1944) began working on his sound-on-film process in 1916. From 1922 to 1924, Case joined forces with Lee De Forest, working to integrate his system with De Forest's Phonofilm sound-on-film process, which had been patented by DeForest in 1919.
On 15 April 1923, DeForest presented 18 short films made in the Phonofilm process at the Rivoli Theater in New York City. The printed program for this presentation gives credit to the "DeForest-Case Patents". However, Case and DeForest had a falling out, shortly after DeForest filed a lawsuit against Freeman Harrison Owens, another inventor who had worked with DeForest on sound-on-film systems.
From 1926 to 1927, Case worked with Earl I. Sponable and movie mogul William Fox to develop the Fox Movietone process. Fox had previously purchased the rights to the sound film patents of Owens -- who had developed a sound movie camera as early as 1921 and coined the term "Movietone" -- and the U.S. rights to the German Tri-Ergon sound-on-film process.
Titles filmed by Case in his process, all made at the Case Studios in Auburn, New York, include Miss Manila Martin and Her Pet Squirrel (1921), Gus Visser and His Singing Duck (1925), Bird in a Cage (1923), Gallagher and Shean (1925), Madame Fifi (1925), and Chinese Variety Performer with a Ukelele (1925).
See also.
Sound film;
Joseph Tykoci ski-Tykociner;
RCA Photophone;
Movietone sound system;
External link.
List of early sound films including Case-Sponable films;
Theodore Case Labs Historic Site in Auburn, New York; |
9289716 | Email to the Universe | And Other Alterations of Consciousness.
Wilson, Robert Anton
ISBN10: 1561841943
ISBN13: 9781561841945
=Product Description=
The range of Robert Anton Wilson's expertise is always astonishing. In email to the universe he tackles a dazzling array of subjects including: The Passion of the Antichrist; The Celtic Roots of Quantum Theory; Paranoia; Black Magick & Curses; LSD, Dogs & Me; Left and Right: A Non-Euclidean Perspective; Sexual Alchemy; Cheerful Reflections on Death and Dying; The Relativity of "Reality" and a whole bunch more. Bob's description of his campaign to become governor of California (as the candidate of the Guns & Dope party, no less) will have you rolling on the floor.
=About the Author=
Robert Anton Wilson is the coauthor (with the late Robert Shea), of the underground classic The Illuminatus! Trilogy which won the 1986 Prometheus Hall of Fame Award. His other writings include Schrodinger's Cat Trilogy, called "the most scientific of all science fiction novels" by New Scientist, and many nonfiction works of Futurist psychology and guerilla ontology. Wilson, who sees himself as a Futurist, author, and stand-up comic, regularly gives seminars at Esalan and other New Age centers. Wilson has made both a comedy record (Secrets of Power), and a punk rock record (The Chocolate Biscuit Conspiracy), and his play, Wilhelm Reich in Hell, has been performed throughout the world. His novel Illuminatus! was adapted as a 10-hour science fiction rock epic and performed under the patronage of Her Majesty Queen Elizabeth II at Great Britain's National Theatre, where Wilson appeared in a special cameo role. He is also a former editor at Playboy magazine. |
2930023 | Rahachow | Raha o (; ) is a town in the Homiel Province of Belarus. It is center of Raha o district. Raha o is located at , between the Dru and Dnieper rivers. The population is 34,727 (2004 estimate).
The artist Anatoli Lvovich Kaplan was born (1902) and brought up here, as was Cold War-era Soviet spy in Canada Igor Gouzenko.
External links .
Photos on Radzima.org; |
7725412 | Reboost | The process of boosting the altitude of an artificial satellite, to increase the time until its orbit will decay and it re-enters the atmosphere. For example, the International Space Station is given a reboost by the Space Shuttle every time it visits, because it is in a low-Earth orbit which experiences significant atmospheric drag. |
2591494 | List of mountains of New Zealand by height | The following is a list of the highest mountains in New Zealand, and also of some other prominent mountains and hills, ordered by height.
The 30 highest mountains.
The 30 highest mountains are all within the Southern Alps, a chain that forms the backbone of the South Island.
Aoraki/Mount Cook - 3754 m (12,316 ft);
Mount Tasman - 3498 m (11,476 ft);
Mount Dampier - 3440 m (11,286 ft);
Mount Silberhorn - 3279 m (10,758 ft);
Mount Lendenfeld - 3201 m (10,502 ft);
Mount Hicks - 3183 m (10,443 ft);
Mount Malte-Brun - 3176 m (10,420 ft);
Mount Torres - 3163 m (10,377 ft);
Mount Teichelmann - 3160 m (10,367 ft);
Mount Sefton - 3157 m (10,358 ft);
Mount Haast - 3138 m (10,295 ft);
Mount Elie de Beaumont - 3109 m (10,200 ft);
Mount Douglas Peak - 3081 m (10,108 ft);
Mount La Perouse - 3079 m (10,102 ft);
Mount Haidinger - 3066 m (10, 059 ft);
The Minarets - 3065 m (10,056 ft);
Mount Aspiring - 3033 m (9951 ft);
Mount Hamilton - 3022 m (9915 ft);
Glacier Peak - 3007 m (9865 ft);
Mount De La Beche - 2992 m (9816 ft);
Aiguilles Rouges - 2966 m (9731 ft);
Mount Nazomi - 2962 m (9718 ft);
Mount Darwin - 2961 m (9715 ft);
Mount Chudliegh - 2952 m (9685 ft);
Mount Annan, New Zealand - 2947 m (9669 ft);
Mount Low - 2942 m (9652 ft);
Mount Haeckel - 2941 m (9649 ft);
Mount Goldsmith - 2905 m (9531 ft);
Conway Peak - 2901 m (9518 ft);
Bristol Top - 2898 m (9508 ft);
Other prominent mountains and hills.
Over 2000 metres.
Tapuae-o-Uenuku - 2880 m (9449 ft) (highest peak outside the Southern Alps);
Hochstetter Dome - 2822 m (9259 ft);
Mount Earnslaw - 2819 m (9249 ft);
Tahurangi, Ruapehu - 2797 m (9177 ft) (highest peak in the North Island);
Mount Tutoko - 2756 m (9042 ft);
Te Heuheu, Ruapehu - 2755 m (9039 ft);
Paretetaitonga, Ruapehu - 2751 m (9026 ft);
Mount Hopkins - 2682 m (8799 ft);
Mount Taranaki or Mount Egmont - 2518 m (8261 ft);
Mount Murchison - 2408m;
Double Cone - 2340 m (7677 ft);
Ben Nevis - 2330 m (7644 ft);
Mount Ngauruhoe - 2291 m (7516 ft);
Mount Rolleston - 2275 m (7464 ft);
Mount Adams - 2208m (7244 ft);
Mount Hutt - 2190 m (7185 ft);
1000 to 2000 metres.
Mount Tongariro - 1978 m (6490 ft);
Benmore Peak - 1932 m (6338 ft) (site of Benmore Peak Observatory);
Mount Cardrona - 1900 m (6234 ft);
Mount Owen - 1875 m (6152 ft);
Sutherlands Peak - 1846 m (6054 ft);
Totara Peak - 1822 m (5977 ft);
Mount Arthur - 1795 m (5887 ft);
Mount Hikurangi, Gisborne - 1754 m (5755 ft);
Mount Mangaweka - 1730 m (5676 ft);
Mount Kaweka - 1725 m (5659 ft);
Mitre Peak - 1692 m (5551 ft);
The Mitre (Tararua Ranges) - 1570 m (5151 ft);
Mount Hector (Tararua Ranges) - 1529 m (5016 ft);
Sturge Island (subantarctic island) - 1524 m (5000 ft);
Mount Lyndon - 1489m (4885 ft);
The Cairn - 1464 m (4801 ft) ;
Summit Peak - 1450 m (4756 ft) (highest point of the Rock and Pillar Range);
Young Island (subantarctic island) - 1340 m (4396 ft);
The Buscot - 1245 m (4084 ft);
Buckle Island (subantarctic island) - 1239 m (4065 ft);
Mount Pureora - 1175 m (3855 ft);
Mount Tarawera - 1111 m (3645 ft);
Mount Tauhara - 1088 m (3570 ft);
Mount John - 1031 m (3382 ft) (site of Mount John University Observatory);
Under 1000 metres.
Mount Ross - 983 m (3225 ft) (highest point in the Aorangi Range);
Mount Anglem - 979 m (3212 ft) (highest peak on Stewart Island);
Mount Pirongia - 962 m (3156 ft);
Mount Te Aroha - 952 m (3123 ft) (highest point in the Kaimai Ranges);
Mount Matthews - 940 m (3084 ft);
Mount Herbert (Te Ahu Patiki) - 920m (3018 ft) (highest point on Banks Peninsula);
Maungatua - 900 m (2953 ft);
Moehau - 892 m (2927 ft) (highest point on the Coromandel Peninsula);
Mount Edgecumbe - 820 m (2690 ft);
Maungatautari - 797 m (2615 ft) (site of the Maungatautari Restoration Project);
Takaka Hill - 760 m (2493 ft);
Mount Karioi - 756 m (2480 ft) (overlooks Raglan);
Hauturu/Little Barrier Island - 722 m (2370 ft);
Mount Pye - 720 m (2361 ft) (highest point in The Catlins);
Mount Cargill - 680 m (2231 ft);
Kohukokonui (highest point in the Hunua Ranges) - 650 m (2133 ft);
Mount Hikurangi, Northland - 625 m (2051 ft);
Hokonui Hills - 600 m (1969 ft);
Mount Honey (Campbell Island) - 558 m (1831 ft);
Moumoukai - 516 m (1693 ft) (highest point in the Kermadec Islands, on Raoul Island);
Te Toiokawharu (highest point in the Waitakere Ranges) - 474 m (1555 ft);
Mount Kaukau - 445 m (1460 ft);
Mount Charles - 408 m (1337 ft) (highest point on the Otago Peninsula);
Signal Hill - 393 m (1289 ft);
Whakaari/White Island - 321 m (1053 ft);
Taumatawhakatangihangakoauauotamateapokaiwhenuakitanatahu - 305 m (1001 ft);
Mangere - 286 m (938 ft) (highest point in the Chatham Islands, on Mangere Island);
Rangitoto Island - 260 m (853 ft);
Mauao (Mount Maunganui) - 230 m (755 ft);
Mount Victoria, Wellington - 196 m (643 ft);
Mount Eden - 196 m (643 ft);
One Tree Hill - 182 m (597 ft);
Mount Wellington - 137 m (449 ft);
Mount Albert - 135 m (443 ft);
Mount Roskill - 110 m (361 ft);
Mangere Mountain - 107 m (351 ft); |
3410455 | VooDoo Blue | VooDoo Blue is a rock/alternative band from Baltimore, Maryland, featuring Dan Book on vocals and guitar, Clunky on bass and vocals, and Justin Posner on the drums. The band was formed in the late 1990s. Their latest album, Smile 'n' Nod, was released under the independent record label DCide on March 7, 2006.
Discography .
Watch The World Fall Down (2001);
The Summer Sessions (2002);
Use As Directed (2003);
Lo (2004);
Smile 'n' Nod (2006);
External links .
VooDoo Blue's official web site; |
8640592 | School of the Arts (Rochester, New York) | School of the Arts
45 Prince Street, 14607
Phone: (585) 242-7682
Principal:
Brenda Pacheco-Rivera
Rochester City School District
http://www.rcsdk12.org/index.htm
School of the Arts...
- Is located on the corner of Prince Street and University Avenue, within walking distance of the Memorial Art Gallery, Eastman Theatre, Writers & Books, Visual Studies Workshop, and other cultural organizations.
- Has both a middle school program (grades 7-8) and a high school program (grades 9-12).
- Requires students to carry a full academic course load as well as a fine arts sequence.
- Offers a rich diversity of arts courses within seven major fine arts concentrations:
- Vocal Music
- Instrumental Music
- Dance
- Drama
- Visual Arts
- Theatre Technology
- Creative Writing
- Provides opportunities for students to participate in performances and exhibitions in their field of study.
- Requires additional time commitments involving an extended day.
- Demands achievement in the high school program in three areas: academics, arts, and humanistic concerns.
- Offers students the opportunity to earn the Certificate of Employability, which is endorsed by employers throughout Rochester who consider it when making hiring decisions.
-Averages 92% attendance.
- Has more than 90% of its graduates go on to colleges and universities including Harvard, Smith, Cornell, Yale, University of Rochester, RIT, Potsdam, Brockport, and NYU |
726926 | Black-billed Whistling Duck | The Black-billed Whistling Duck, Dendrocygna arborea, is a whistling duck which breeds in the West Indies. Alternative names are West Indian Whistling Duck and Cuban Whistling Duck.
The Black-billed Whistling Duck is widely scattered throughout the West Indies including a large breeding population in the Bahamas, and smaller numbers in Cuba, the Cayman Islands, Antigua and Barbuda, and Jamaica. It is largely sedentary, apart from local movements which can be 100 km or more. Nests have been reported in tree cavities, on branches, in clumps of bromeliads, and on the ground under thatch palms and other dense bushes. The usual clutch size is 10-16 eggs. It habitually perches in trees, which gives rise to its specific name.
The birds are mostly nocturnal and secretive, inhabiting wooded swamps and mangroves, where this duck roosts and feeds on plant food including the fruit of the Royal Palm.
The Black-billed Whistling Duck is the largest (48-58 cm) and darkest of its genus. It has a long black bill, long head and longish legs. It has a pale foreneck and light brown face. The crown, back, breast and wings are dark brown to black, and the rest of the underparts are white with heavy black markings.
All plumages are similar, except that juveniles are duller and have a less contrasted belly pattern.
Threats .
The Black-billed Whistling Duck has suffered extensive hunting for its eggs and for sport. Wetlands are a very limited habitat in the Caribbean, with continuing conversion for development and agriculture. More than 50% of remaining wetlands are seriously degraded by the cutting of mangroves and swamp-forest, pollution (especially over-use of pesticides1) and natural catastrophes such as droughts and hurricanes. Predation is inadequately documented but may be a factor.
Current conservation measures .
CITES Appendix II. CMS Appendix II. It is legally protected throughout much of its range, but law enforcement is inadequate. N. L. Staus (1997) The West Indian Whistling Duck Working Group initiated a conservation programme in 1997. L. G. Sorenson (1997) There are several protected areas in the region but, in general, suitable habitat, especially wetlands, is under-represented. N. L. Staus (1997)
Proposed conservation measures .
Conduct extensive surveys to assess numbers and distribution; assist local authorities in establishing a long-term monitoring programme; conserve key sites; enforce legal protection; initiate public education and awareness programmes. Staus (1997)
References .
Database entry includes a range map and justification for why this species is vulnerable;
Wildfowl by Madge and Burn, ISBN 0-7470-2201-1;
Staus, N.L. 1998. Behavior and natural history of the West Indian Whistling Duck on Long Island, Bahamas. Wildfowl 49: 194-206.
External link.
ARKive - images and movies of the West Indian whistling-duck (Dendrocygna arborea); |
8315309 | Skive Band | History and Influences
----
Formed in 1999, Skive is a power pop / modern rock band originating from Singapore. Their sound is a musical chimera of various influences brought into the mix by each individual of the band. They source their inspiration from Oasis, The Calling, Story of the Year, The Eagles, Jason Mraz, John Mayer, Dishwalla, Our Lady Peace, My Chemical Romance and Atreyu. This eclectic mix contributes to the band's own unique sound they call the "SkiveSound".
----
Members
----
The current line up consists of
Marcus - Vocals
Soon - Lead Guitars
Brian - Guitars
JC - Bass
Nick* - Drums
Nick is currently undertaking a degree in Sydney, Australia so he would not be performing in some gigs ;
----
Equipment
----
Brian owns a couple of guitars, most of which are his experimental pieces he plays around with in his own time. On stage, he uses only 2 guitars. They are the 99 Epiphone Les Paul Custom and a 2004 Gibson SG.
His pedal board configuration is always changing, but the few pedals that always seem to stay are the Ibanez Tubescreamer TS-9, Boss CS-3 Compressor and the Boss GE-7 Graphic Equalizer. Other pedals he has been seen using previously are the Boss DD-6 Digital Delay, Morley Mark Tremonti Wah Pedal, Sansamp GT2 and most notably, the Ibanez TS9DX FLEXI-4X2 that was stolen at one of his shows.
Soon is always seen at shows using a variety of different guitars. Besides the ESP Viper as his main piece, his on stage guitars include a 98 Epiphone Riviera, 96 Fender Stratocaster, 99 Fernandes Vertigo X and a 00 Epiphone SG G400.
----
Band Website
Skivesound.com The Official Skive webpage |
6034879 | Moulton, North Yorkshire | Moulton is a small village in the Richmondshire district of North Yorkshire in England. It lies in a secluded valley between the villges of Scorton and Middleton Tyas.
Amenities.
Moulton Hall is a 17th Century manor house, it is maintained by the National Trust, but owned by Viscount Eccles. It is possible to gain admission for 50 Pence.
The village pub is called the Black Bull inn.
History.
Moulton is mentioned in the Domesday Book as the residence of a Saxon named Ulph.
After the Norman Conquest the manor was transferred to the Earls of Richmond.
Moulton changed hands many times, belonging to the Marshall, Wright, Smithson, and Shuttleworth families.
Transport.
The village lies just to the east of the A1, but access from the village has been restricted to southbound traffic only for several years. Motorists intending to travel north must head to Scotch Corner.
The village is served by a rural bus route between Darlington and Richmond.
The former railway station at Moulton End (3 miles away) is named after Moulton, but the nearest station was actually Scorton railway station. Both stations closed in 1969 with the abandonment of the Eryholme-Richmond branch line. |
2147568 | John O. Pastore | John Orlando Pastore (1907-2000) was a Rhode Island Democratic Party politician who was a United States Senator from Rhode Island (1950 until 1976) and the Governor of Rhode Island (1945 until 1950), and was the first Italian American to hold either position.
Born in Providence on March 17 1907, he graduated from law school at Northeastern University in 1931 and practiced law in Providence. He was a member to the State House of Representatives from 1935 to 1937, was assistant attorney general of Rhode Island from 1937 to 1938 and again from 1940 to 1944, and was eventually elected Lieutenant Governor of Rhode Island in 1944. In 1946 he was elected Governor of Rhode Island, and re-elected in 1948.
In 1950 he was elected to the United States Senate as a Democrat in a special election to replace J. Howard McGrath, who had resigned. He was re-elected in 1952, 1958, 1964 and 1970.
In the summer of 1964, he delivered the keynote address at the Democratic National Convention in Atlantic City, New Jersey, which renominated Lyndon B. Johnson for the Presidency.
He won his final Senate race in 1970 by a 68%-32% margin over John McLaughlin, a Catholic Priest who was against the Vietnam war. After the campaign, McLaughlin left the priesthood, went to work for Richard Nixon at the White House, and later became a nationally-known television commentator.
In 1976 he retired, living in Cranston until his death due to kidney failure on July 15, 2000.
Pastore served as the chairman of United States Senate Subcommittee on Communications. He is remembered for taking part in a 1969 hearing involving Fred Rogers regarding the funding of PBS and the Corporation for Public Broadcasting. President Richard Nixon had wanted to cut the proposed funding to from $20 million to $10 million, and Rogers appeared before the committee to argue for the full $20 million. In about five minutes of testimony, Rogers spoke of the need for social and emotional education that public television provided. Pastore was not previously familiar with Rogers' work, and was sometimes described as gruff and impatient. However, he told Rogers that the testimony had given him goose bumps, and declared, "Looks like you just earned the $20 million." The following congressional appropriation, for 1971, increased PBS funding from $9 million to $22 million. |
238846 | D.O.A. (1950 film) | D.O.A. is a 1950 movie considered a classic of the film noir genre. The frantically-paced plot revolves around a doomed man's quest to find out who has murdered him and why before he dies.
Some trace the film's plot to Der Mann der Seinen Mörder Sucht (Looking for His Murderer), a 1931 German film by Robert Siodmak. The film was remade in 1969 (as the British Color Me Dead) and again in 1988 with Dennis Quaid as the protagonist.
Due to copyright law issues, it has fallen into the public domain.
Main cast .
Edmond O'Brien Frank Bigelow;
Pamela Britton Paula Gibson;
Luther Adler Majak;
Beverly Garland Miss Foster;
Neville Brand Chester;
Plot.
The film begins with a scene called "perhaps one of cinema's most innovative opening sequences" by a BBC reviewer. The scene is a long, behind-the-back tracking sequence featuring Frank Bigelow (O'Brien) walking through a hallway into a police station to report a murder: his own. Disconcertingly, the police almost seem to have been expecting him and already know who he is.
The flashback that follows begins with Bigelow's deciding to take off from his hometown of Banning, California, where he is an accountant and notary public, for a one-week week in San Francisco. This does no sit well with Paula (Britton), his "confidential secretary" and love interest.
After crossing paths at his hotel with a group from a sales convention, Bigelow accompanies them on a night on the town. He ends up at a jazz club, where unknown to him, a man wearing an overcoat and hat swaps his drink for another.
By the next morning, Bigelow is feeling ill. He visits a doctor, where tests are performed and he is told he has swallowed a "luminous toxin" for which there is no antidote. (Its luminosity and references to iridium imply a form of radiation poisoning).
With only a short time to live, Bigelow sets out to try to untangle the events behind his imminent demise, interrupted occasionally by phone calls from Paula. The murder involves gangsters and shady character, but the key to the mystery is a bill of sale for stolen iridium, which Bigelow himself had unwittingly notarized.
Bigelow tracks down and finds the person who had poisoned him, and shoots him to death in an exchange of gunfire. The flashback comes to an end, and Bigelow, now at the police station, dies. The police detective taking down the report instructs that his file be marked "DOA," or "dead on arrival."
Critical response.
The New York Times, in its May 1950 review, described it as a "fairly obvious and plodding recital, involving crime, passion, stolen iridium, gangland beatings and one man's innocent bewilderment upon being caught up in a web of circumstance that marks him for death"; O'Brien's performance was said to have had a "good deal of drive", while Britton added a "pleasant touch of blonde attractiveness".
25 years later, the same paper published a brief review of the film written by Wallace Markfield, characterizing it as one of a number of the "very best of the B's ... made on workhouse budgets under coolie conditions" with a power "derived from the central image of one chunky, sweating, absolutely desolated human and from the way it puts the spectator inside that human's skin and nerves".
In a 1981 book, Foster Hirsch continued a trend of more positive reviews, calling Bigelow's search for his own killer noir irony at its blackest:
"One of the films many ironies is that his last desperate search involves him in his life more forcefully than he has ever been before. The as is so. Tracking down his killer just before he dies discovering the reason for his death turns out to be the triumph of his life".
A 2000 Salon.com review at the time of a DVD release of the film characterized it as a "high-concept movie before its time".
Perhaps the strongest endorsement came from the Library of Congress, which in 2004 added the film to its National Film Registry.
Trivia.
The nightclub in this movie includes one of the earliest depictions of the Beat scene.
Liquid Television's Stick Figure Theater did a version of a scene.
Quotes .
Bigelow: I want to report a murder.
Policeman: Who was murdered?
Bigelow: I was.
Policeman: How shall I make out the report on him, Captain?
Police Captain: Better make it 'dead on arrival'.
References.
External links .
D.O.A. from the Internet Archive, downloadable in various formats;
Internet movie database link; |
3994620 | Maricarmen Ramirez | Maria del Carmen (Maricarmen) Ramirez Garcia is the governatorial candidate for the Democratic Revolution Party (PRD) in Mexico. Wife of Tlaxcala Governor Alfonso Sánchez Anaya, she is known as the Hillary Clinton of Mexico. But her husband prefers to say that "Perhaps Hillary is the Maricarmen of the United States." Maricarmen Ramirez Garcia is the first wife of a governor who stands out of the her traditional supportive role as a woman and seek a high political office. Ramírez will represent the center-left Party of the Democratic Revolution (PRD) as candidate for a Tlaxcala seat in the Mexican Senate. |
3119065 | John Devine | John Anthony Devine (born November 11 1958 in Dublin) is an Irish former footballer.
Born in Dublin, Devine joined London club Arsenal in November 1974 as an apprentice. Part of a large young Irish contingent at Arsenal (which also included Liam Brady, David O'Leary and Frank Stapleton), Devine turned professional in 1976. A full back who preferred playing on the right, he made his debut for the Gunners on April 28, 1978, deputising for Pat Rice.
With Rice and Sammy Nelson occupying the Arsenal full back positions most of the time, Devine didn't break into the first team straight away, although he did play in the 1980 FA Cup final (which Arsenal lost 1-0 to West Ham United) after Rice was injured. However, Rice returned to the Arsenal side for the Gunners' Cup Winners Cup final against Valencia, which Devine missed. After Rice left for Watford in the summer of 1980, Devine stepped up to become Arsenal's regular right-back, playing 44 times in 1980-81. However, his tenure there didn't last; after Devine was out of the side with injury, John Hollins was moved back into defence as cover, and Devine could not reclaim his place once he had regained fitness. He played only 23 games in his final two seasons at Arsenal.
Devine was capped for the Republic of Ireland at ever level, winning thirty caps in all, with thirteen of those coming for the senior side. He made his senior debut on September 26, 1979 against Czechoslovakia, and his last cap came against Norway on October 17, 1984. He never played in a World Cup or European Championship finals, as Ireland did not qualify for any tournaments during that time, although most of his caps were won in European and World cup Qualifying games.
Devine left Arsenal in the summer of 1983, having played 111 first-team matches for the club in nine years. He joined Norwich City, and played 69 games in two seasons for the Canaries, and was an unused sub in the Canaries' League Cup final win in 1984-85. He then had a stint at Stoke City, but after breaking his leg his career was effectively over. He had brief spells at Norwegian club I.K. Start, before signing for Shamrock Rovers in 1989. He helped Rovers to the FAI Cup final in 1991 before signing for Indian side East Bengals
He then became a coach at Shelbourne. Shelbourne's close ties with Manchester United led to Devine working with the English club, and he has been United's head of youth development in Ireland since 1997.
External links.
Photograph and biography at sporting-heroes.net;
Career information at ex-canaries.co.uk; |
978991 | Stamp Act | A stamp act is a law enacted by a government that requires a tax to be paid on the transfer of certain documents such as property deeds. Those that pay the tax receive an official stamp on their documents. The tax raised, called stamp duty, was first devised in the Netherlands in 1624 after a public competition to find a new form of tax. A variety of products have been covered by stamp acts including playing cards, patent medicines, cheques, mortgages, contracts and newspapers. The items often have to be physically stamped at approved government offices following payment of the duty although methods involving annual payment of a fixed sum or purchase of adhesive stamps are more practical and common.
Stamp acts were inforced in many countries including Australia, People's Republic of China, Canada, Ireland, Malaysia, Israel, the United Kingdom and the United States of America.
Stamp acts in Britain and America.
Stamp duties are the oldest taxes still raised by the Inland Revenue.
Stamp acts that were an issue while colonizing America
1689 Stamp Act
Stamp Duty was first introduced in England in 1694 following the Dutch model as An act for granting to Their Majesties several duties on Vellum, Parchment and Paper for 4 years, towards carrying on the war against France.
The duty ranged between 1 penny to shillings on a number of different legal documents including insurance policies, documents used as evidence in courts, grants of honour, grants of probate and letters of administration. It raised around £50,000 a year and altM
n enjoyed a free press with satirical and seditious publications becoming more and more widely read. As well as raising money the act was an attempt to limit the readership of such publications without invoking explicit censorship.
1724 Stamp Act In 1724 the Act was renewed, although vigorously resisted, its tax on publications was eventually enforced. In 1743 selling unstamped newspapers was made a criminal offence.
1765 Stamp Act This is the main Stamp Act of 1765
In 1765 ,List of Prime Ministers of the United Kingdom Prime Minister George Grenville proposed, and Parliament of the United Kingdom|Parliamentn passed, a Stamp Act to be enacted in the American colonies . It placed a tax on legal documents such as contracts, licenses and wills, and on newspapers, playing cards and dice. Colonial leaders protested that such a tax was "internal," or intended to regulate behavior entirely within the colonies, as opposed to the Navigation Laws taxes on imported good ,which were "external" and therefore acceptable. They protested also that the goal of the tax was explicitly to raise revenue, whereas the Navigation laws were intended to maintain the system of mercantalism by which the Empire managed its economy.
Post-American Revolution Stamp Acts
1777 Stamp Act
Introduced by William Pitt the Younger who described Stamp Duty as a tax easily raised, pressing little on any particular class, especially the lower orders of society, and producing a revenue safely and expeditiously collected at small expense. He pointed out that there had been no significant increases in Stamp Duty for some time and so practically doubled the tax. It taxed all paper products.
1808 Stamp Act
Stamp Duty was first imposed on conveyances on sale. Duties in England and Scotland were equalized for the first time.
1815 Stamp Act
Ad valorem duty was extended to more documents. Newspaper stamp duty was increased to sixpence a page making papers unobtainable to all but the rich. That year the tax raised £3,250,000.
Some publishers such as Richard Carlile defied the law and continued to publish their newspapers without charging the extra tax. Carlile was tried on charges of blasphemy and seditious libel in an attempt to close down his paper, The Republican. He was found guilty, sentenced to three years in Dorchester Jail and fined £1,500.
The poet William Wordsworth worked as Distributor of Stamps for Westmorland from this time until his death. Little is known of his official activities, but it seems from a government report that he was in charge of a large area and was prompt in the performance of his duties.
In the 1830s men such as Henry Hetherington, James Watson, John Cleave, George Julian Harney and James O'Brien US Congressman James O'Brien joined Richard Carlile in fighting against what they called a 'tax on knowledge'. The men were often persecuted, being arrested and punished for contravention of the Act. Sales of unstamped newspapers were vastly higher than legal news sources such as The Times.
1855 Stamp Act.
The tax on newspapers was finally abolished following pressure from the publishers' lobbying group, the Newspaper Stamp Abolition Committee led by Henry Hetherington.
1891 Stamp Act and Stamp Duties Management Act.
All the above Acts were superseded by the Stamp Duties Management Act 1891 and the Stamp Act 1891 which still constitute the bulk of UK law on Stamp Duties today.
The modern UK Stamp Act.
In 1914 The Director of Stamping at the Stamp Office oversaw the production of the first Treasury Notes (later called banknotes, not to be confused with US Treasury notes). This lasted until 1928 when production of banknotes passed from the Department to the Bank of England. In 1963 production of postage stamps passed to the Post Office.
The Finance Act 1986 introduced Stamp Duty Reserve Tax. From 27 October 1986 the charge was imposed on 'closing' transactions at the London Stock Exchange which until then had been transactions where no document was used and therefore exempt from Stamp Duty.
A public display of Stamp Office artefacts and records was held at the Courtauld Institute in 1994 to commemorate the Three hundredth anniversary of the introduction of UK Stamp Duty. The Stamp Office was also awarded the Charter Mark by John Major's Advisory Committee as a reward for its public service. |
8299869 | Alice Stewart | Dr Alice Mary Stewart (née Naish) (4 October 1906, Sheffield, England to 23 June 2002, Oxford, England) was a physician and epidemiologist specialising in social medicine and the effects of radiation on health.
Her pioneering study of x-rays as a cause of childhood cancer (1953) was initially regarded as unsound, but her findings were eventually accepted worldwide and the use of medical x-rays during pregnancy and early childhood was curtailed as a result.
Her most famous investigation (working with Professor Thomas Mancuso of the University of Pittsburgh) was among employees in the Hanford plutonium production plant, Washington, which found a far higher incidence of radiation-induced ill health than was noted in official studies. Sir Richard Doll, the epidemiologist respected for his work on smoking-related illnesses, attributed her anomalous findings to a "questionable" statistical analysis supplied by her assistant, George Kneale, but today her account is valued as a response to the perceived bias in reports produced by the nuclear industry.
In 1986 she was added to the roll of honour of the Right Livelihood Foundation, an annual award supported by the Swedish Parliament.
References.
Right Livelihood Foundation accessed 7 December 2006. |
1043012 | Uveitis | Uveitis specifically refers to inflammation of the middle layer of the eye, termed the "uvea" but in common usage may refer to any inflammatory process involving the interior of the eye.
Uveitis is estimated to be responsible for approximately 10% of the blindness in the United States. Uveitis requires an urgent referal and thorough examination by an ophthalmologist or optometrist, along with urgent treatment to control the inflammation.
Types.
Uveitis is usually categorized anatomically into anterior, intermediate, posterior and panuveitic forms.
Anywhere from two-thirds to 90% of uveitis cases are anterior in location (anterior uveitis), frequently termed iritis - or inflammation of the iris and anterior chamber. This condition can occur as a single episode and subside with proper treatment or may take on a recurrent or chronic nature. Symptoms include red eye, injected conjunctiva, pain and decreased vision. Signs include dilated ciliary vessels, presence of cells and flare in the anterior chamber, and keratic precipitates ("KP") on the posterior surface of the cornea. ;
Intermediate uveitis consists of vitritis - inflammatory cells in the vitreous cavity, sometimes with snowbanking, or deposition of inflammatory material on the pars plana.
Posterior uveitis is the inflammation of the retina and choroid. ;
Pan-uveitis is the inflammation of all the layers of the uvea.
Causes.
A myriad of conditions can lead to the development of uveitis, including systemic diseases as well as syndromes confined to the eye. In anterior uveitis, no specific diagnosis is made in approximately one-half of cases. However, anterior uveitis is often one of the syndromes associated with HLA-B27.
Systemic disorders causing uveitis.
Systemic disorders that can cause uveitis include: White G. "Uveitis." AllAboutVision.com. Retrieved August 20, 2006.
Acute posterior multifocal placoid pigment epitheliopathy;
Ankylosing spondylitis ;
Behçet's disease ;
Birdshot retinochoroidopathy ;
Brucellosis ;
Herpes simplex ;
Herpes zoster ;
Inflammatory bowel disease ;
Juvenile rheumatoid arthritis ;
Kawasaki's disease ;
Leptospirosis ;
Lyme disease;
Multiple sclerosis ;
Presumed ocular histoplasmosis syndrome ;
Psoriatic arthritis ;
Reiter's syndrome ;
Sarcoidosis ;
Syphilis ;
Systemic lupus erythematosus ;
Toxocariasis ;
Toxoplasmosis ;
Tuberculosis ;
Vogt-Koyanagi-Harada syndrome;
Masquerade syndromes.
Masquerade syndromes are ophthalmic disorders that clinically present as either an anterior or posterior uveitis, but are not primarily inflammatory. The following are some of the most common:
Anterior segment;
Intraocular foreign body;
Juvenile xanthogranuloma;
Leukemia;
Malignant melanoma;
Retinoblastoma;
Retinal detachment;
Posterior segment;
Lymphoma;
Malignant melanoma;
Multiple sclerosis;
Reticulum cell sarcoma;
Retinitis pigmentosa;
Retinoblastoma;
Symptoms.
Redness of the eye;
Blurred vision;
Sensitivity to light;
Dark, floating spots along the visual field;
Eye pain;
Treatment.
The prognosis is generally good for those who receive prompt diagnosis and treatment, but serious complication (including cataracts, glaucoma, band keratopathy, retinal edema and permanent vision loss) may result if left untreated. The type of uveitis, as well as its severity, duration, and responsiveness to treatment or any associated illnesses, all factor in to the outlook.
Uveitis is typically treated with glucocorticoid steroids, either as topical eye drops (such as betamethasone, dexamethasone or prednisolone) or oral therapy with prednisolone tablets. In addition topical cycloplegics, such as atropine or homatropine, may be used.
Antimetabolite medications, such as methotrexate are often used for recalcitrant or more aggressive cases of uveitis. Experimental treatment with Infliximab infusions may prove helpful.
See also.
List of eye diseases and disorders;
List of systemic diseases with ocular manifestations;
intermediate Uveitis;
Footnotes.
External links.
The Heidelberg DiagnoseFinder - a web application to find common uveitis diseases in their typical manifestation (english/german);
http://www.uveitissociety.org;
http://www.nlm.nih.gov/medlineplus/ency/article/001005.htm;
Interdisciplinary Uveitis Center Heidelberg, Germany;
http://www.uveitis.org;
http://www.preventblindness.org/uveitis; |
1253462 | Election Night Special | "Election Night Special" is a Monty Python sketch parodying the coverage of United Kingdom general elections, specifically the 1970 general election on the BBC by including hectic (and downright silly) actions by the media and a range of ridiculous candidates.
Throughout the sketch, the Linkman (John Cleese) excitedly reports the results of the elections in Leicester, Luton, Harpenden, and other municipalities. Usually the two major parties are the Sensible Party and the Silly Party, though occasional third-party candidates (Slightly Silly, Very Silly) make their appearance. The Blackadder episode Dish and Dishonesty features an election scene which clearly owes a debt to this sketch.
This sketch was featured in Episode 19 of the Monty Python's Flying Circus TV series, which aired November 3, 1970. A somewhat different version of the sketch (leading into The Lumberjack Song) was also featured on the Monty Python Live at the Theatre Royal Drury Lane album.
The candidates and their numbers.
Leicester:
Arthur J. Smith (SENSIBLE) - 30,612;
Jethro Q. Walrustitty (SILLY) - 32,108;
Luton:
Alan Jones (SENSIBLE) - 9,112;
Tarquin Fin-tim-lin-bin-whin-bim-lim-bus-stop-F'tang-F'tang-Olé-Biscuitbarrel (SILLY) - 12,441;
Kevin Phillips-Bong (SLIGHTLY SILLY) - 0;
Harpenden:
Mr Elsie Zzzzzzzzzzzzzzz (SILLY) - 26,317;
James Walker (SENSIBLE) - 26,318;
Malcolm Peter Brian Telescope Adrian Umbrella Stand Jasper Wednesday (pops mouth twice) Stoatgobbler John Raw Vegetable (sound effect of horse whinnying) Arthur Norman Michael (blows squeaker) Featherstone Smith (blows whistle) Northgot Edwards Harris (fires pistol, which goes 'whoop') Mason (chuff-chuff-chuff) Frampton Jones Fruitbat Gilbert (sings) 'We'll keep a welcome in the' (three shots, stops singing) Williams If I Could Walk That Way Jenkin (squeaker) Tiger-draws Pratt Thompson (sings) 'Raindrops Keep Falling On My Head' Darcy Carter (horn) Pussycat 'Don't Sleep In The Subway' Barton Mainwaring (hoot, 'whoop') Smith (VERY SILLY) - 2;
Notes.
Among other changes: The live version at Drury Lane gave a much shorter name to the Very Silly candidate in Harpenden and changed some of the first syllables of Tarquin's surname, making it Fin-tim-lim-bim-(brief pause)lim-bim-bim-bim-bim. Sensible Candidate James Walker became Jeannette Walker, and Silly Candidate Jethro Q. Walrustitty was referred to as Jethro Q. Bunn Whackett Buzzard Stubble and Boot Walrustitty ("Bun, Whacket, Buzzard, Stubble and Boot" was an early name considered for what became "Monty Python."). Elsie Zzzzzzzzzzzz was also referred to as Mrs rather than Mr.
The changed name for the aformentioned Very Silly candidate was "Malcolm Peter Brian Telescope Adrian Blackpool Rock Stoatgobbler John Raw Vegetable Brrroooo Norman Michael (rings bell) (blows whistle) Edward (sounds car horn) (does train impersonation) (sounds buzzer) Thomas Moo... (sings) "We'll keep a welcome in the..." (fires gun) William (sound of whoopee whistle) "Raindrops keep falling on my" (weird noise) "Don't sleep in the subway" (cuckoo cuckoo) Naaoooo... Smith.";
Tarquin Fin-tim-lin-bin-whin-bim-lim-bus-stop-F'tang-F'tang-Olé-Biscuitbarrel later made another appearance in the third season's Spot the Looney sketch.
See also.
Official Monster Raving Loony Party;
External link.
"Election Night Special" script; |
6031696 | Capital Punishment Organization | Capital Punishment Organization, most commonly referred to as CPO, was a gangster rap duo which consisted of artists known as Lil Nation (Vince Edwards) and DJ Train (Clarence Lars). They released a single album in 1990, To Hell and Black, which was produced by MC Ren of N.W.A. fame and distributed by Capitol Records. To Hell and Black peaked at 33 on the Top R&B/Hip-Hop Albums Billboard charts.
DJ Train, who had worked with artists such as MC Ren and J.J. Fad, died of smoke inhalation in a house fire on June 25, 1994.
Lil Nation has since began identifying himself as (Tha) Boss Hogg, or "CPO" in the singular form. CPO/Boss Hogg continues to make rap appearances, including the 1994 original soundtrack to Above the Rim, hyphy artist E-A-Ski on his 1998 album, and the 2000 self-titled album by Tha Eastsidaz.
Discography.
1990 - To Hell and Black;
Collaborations.
1994 - Above the Rim (soundtrack);
1994 - Murder Was the Case (soundtrack);
1996 - All Eyez on Me;
1998 - Earthquake;
2000 - Snoop Dogg Presents Tha Eastsidaz;
2002 - Dark Blue (soundtrack) ;
References.
Pareles, Jon. "Gangster Rap: Life and Music in the Combat Zone", The New York Times. October 7, 1990.
To Hell and Black (1990) track list, Discogs. |
3652162 | Scouting in the United States Virgin Islands | Scouting in the U.S. Virgin Islands has a long history, from the 1920s to the present day, serving thousands of youth in programs that suit the environment in which they live.
Early history (1920s-1950).
Recent history (1950-1990).
During the late 1960s and early 1970s, Troop 152, sponsored by Saint Patrick's Church, Frederiksted, Saint Croix, formed a steel band of grammar-school-age Scouts that was managed by Vivian Bennerson. The band toured internationally. As of 2004, the Greathouse in Estate Diamond, Saint Croix that served as Boy Scout Headquarters for the island was deserted; possibly the destruction of Hurricane Hugo caused its abandonment.
Scouting in the U.S. Virgin Islands today.
There is only one Boy Scouts of America local council in the United States Virgin Islands, eponymously named the Virgin Islands Council. Originally part of the Puerto Rico and Virgin Islands Council, the political entities were separated administratively in 1960.
The Howard M. Wall Scout Camp at Milord Point Beach on Saint Croix near Great Pond (Saint Croix) on the southeast end of the island is meant to accommodate up to 150 campers. It has a bath house (with two separated banks of showers and two rooms of latrines) and a mess hall. The Boy Scouts use the facility during two brief periods a year. There are plans in place to construct new indoor housing and upgrade at a cost of $500,000.
From time to time there have been discussions on opening the camp facility to Scout groups from other Councils.
Order of the Arrow.
The Arawak Lodge 562, named after a pre-Columbian Caribbean tribe, serves Arrowmen in the United States Virgin Islands.
Girl Scouting in the United States Virgin Islands.
Girl Scouting in the United States Virgin Islands is administered by the Girl Scout Council of the U. S. Virgin Islands of the Girl Scouts of the U.S.A.
Scouting in the British Virgin Islands.
The Scout Association of the British Virgin Islands operates as a branch of the United Kingdom Scout Association, due to the British Virgin Islands' affiliation as a Crown Colony of the United Kingdom. The BVI Scout Oath and Law, as well as other Scouting requirements, closely follow that of the United Kingdom.
Although the program activities are taken from the British system, BVI Scouting is geared to the Caribbean way of life. Training for Wood Badge and leader training are conducted with the help of British and nearby Caribbean Scout associations. BVI Scouts participate in numerous Caribbean camps and events.
See also.
The Scout Association of the British Virgin Islands;
Puerto Rico Council; |
4922856 | Czech Rugby Union | The Czech Rugby Union () is the governing body for rugby union in the Czech Republic. It was founded in 1926 and became affiliated to the International Rugby Board in 1988 while still the governing body for Czechoslovakia.
See also.
Czech Republic national rugby union team
External links.
eská Rugbyová Unie - Official Site; |
2839445 | CKWF-FM | CKWF is a radio station in Peterborough, Ontario, Canada. The station, launched in 1992, broadcasts an active rock format branded as The Wolf 101.5.
Personalities.
Promotion Director Carey Walker and Special Events Director Paul Laing.
Jay Sharp, Alana Cameron and Ryan Snodden are The Morning Wolf Pack featuring Jay's Joke of the Day at 8:10.
Dale Lowe handles the midday shift including the All Request Nooner and movie listings.
Brian Ellis is on the air weekdays from 2-6pm for the drive home with music, Jay Leno, the Lyric of the Day and news updates.
Scott Hanes hosts the evening shift as well as The Alternate Route, featuring new and alternative rock Sunday through Thursday nights.
Ryan Lalonde, Catherine Hanrahan cover the weekends along with Craig Gear on the All Request Saturday Night ;
News crew Lisa MacDonald, Pete Dalliday, and Fred Rapson provide updates throughout the day.
The studio.
The studios are located in the heart of downtown Peterborough at the corner of King St and George St. They are accessible to both listeners and performers. Numerous bands have dropped by the Wolf den for interviews and live performances including Theory of a Deadman, Default, 54-40, Great Big Sea, Matthew Good Band, Sloan, See Spot Run and Edwin.
External links.
The Wolf 101.5; |
3490018 | Rederijker | A Rederijker is a member of a chamber of rhetoric in Flanders or the Netherlands. The rederijkers from the 15th and 16th c. were mainly interested in dramas and lyrics.
The Rederijker experimented with poetic form and structure.
Some of their successful works that came from the Rederijkers included: The play Elckerlijc.
See also.
Dutch literature;
Flemish literature;
References.
De rederijkers en hun invloed op het Nederlands (Dutch);
Meijer, Reinder. Literature of the Low Countries: A Short History of Dutch Literature in the Netherlands and Belgium. New York: Twayne Publishers, Inc., 1971, pp. 55-57, 62. ; |
2026946 | Jenny Eclair | Jenny Eclair (born Jenny Clare Hargreaves on 16 March 1960 in Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia) is a comedian, actress and novelist, working in the United Kingdom.
She studied at Manchester Polytechnic. She appeared in the early 1990s comedy series Packet of Three, as well as the follow-up series Packing Them In. In 1995 she became the first female winner of the Edinburgh festival's Perrier Comedy Award and is also famous for having a much older brother in law. In 2005, she appeared in the singing contest, Comic Relief does Fame Academy. She lives in a Manser Medal award winning house in Camberwell, South London.
She currently presents a weekend talk show on LBC 97.3 in London. Her other radio credits include appearing on BBC Radio 4 in the Just a Minute quiz and afternoon plays, various comedy shows on BBC 7 and regularly covering for Sandi Toksvig on LBC's weekday lunchime chat show.
In 2006 Jenny is starring in Grumpy Old Women Live! alongside Dillie Keane and Linda Robson. The show was co-written by Jenny and Judith Holder. The Spring saw a sell out national tour, June and July a run at the Lyric Theatre in London's West End and the Autumn will see another national tour.
She has written novels called Camberwell Beauty and Having A Lovely Time.
She has a daughter called Phoebe.
In 2005, Eclair's recently-completed home in Camberwell won the Manser Medal for the best one-off house designed by an architect in the UK.
Recently, Eclair has appeared on Comic Relief does Fame Academy and Grumpy Old Women |
2306405 | Lenny Hart | Leonard "Lenny" Hart was a champion rudimental drummer, who owned and operated Hart Music, selling drums and musical instruments in San Carlos, California. He was Grateful Dead drummer Mickey Hart's father and was noted as a charismatic businessman who impressed Jerry Garcia and the rest of the Grateful Dead. He was also a minister and believed that "God" was calling him to help The Grateful Dead. They made him their manager in 1969.
As the story goes, Lenny Hart was responsible for disappearing with large profits (approx. US$155,000) in March 1970. The Grateful Dead song He's Gone is based on this event. As a result of the fiasco, Mickey Hart left the band in February 1971, not returning to the group on a full-time basis until 1975.
In the later years of his life (before dying of stomach cancer), Lenny Hart dedicated himself to the creation and formulation of theories and "methods" to teach the joys of music and rhythm to children, most notably those who were deaf or hearing-impaired. His workbooks contained a strong psychological element of applied art therapy. |
290389 | GHQ Line | The GHQ Line (General Headquarters Line) was a defence line built in the United Kingdom during World War II to contain an expected German invasion.
The British Army had abandoned most of its equipment in France after the Dunkirk evacuation. It was therefore decided to build a static system of defensive lines around England, all designed to compartmentalise the country and delay the Germans long enough for more mobile forces to counter-attack. Over 50 defensive lines were constructed around England, the GHQ Line being the longest and most important, designed to protect London and the industrial heart of England.
The GHQ Line ran from the northern end of the Taunton Stop Line near Highbridge in Somerset, along the River Brue and the Kennet and Avon Canal to Reading, around the south of London south of Guildford and Aldershot, to Canvey Island and Great Chesterford in Essex, before heading north to end in Yorkshire.
On the section of the line in Essex, between Great Chesterford and Canvey Island, the defences were made up of around 400 concrete "pillboxes", anti-tank obstacles, trenches and minefields which took advantage of natural and man made features. Over 100 pillboxes could still be seen on this section in 2003.
See also.
British anti-invasion preparations of World War II;
British military history of World War II;
British military history;
Outer London Defence Ring;
Coquet Stop Line;
Taunton Stop Line;
External links.
GHQ Line;
UK World War 2 Invasion Defences;
The Defence of Britain Project; |
7401780 | Bass effects | Bass effects are electronic devices used to modify the tone, pitch or sound or electric bass guitars. Effects can be housed in effects pedals, bass amplifiers, bass amplifier simulation software, and rackmount preamplifiers or processors. While they are not used as often as guitar effects, bass effects still play an important role in many genres such as rock, metal, blues and funk.
Types of Bass Effects.
Distortion-Related Effects.
Distortion effects include distortion, overdrive and fuzz.
Distortion is an important part of an electric guitar's sound in many genres, particularly for rock, hard rock, metal and sludge. A distortion pedal takes a normal electric guitar signal and distorts the signal's waveform by "clipping" the signal. There are several different types of distortion effects, each with distinct sonic characteristics.
Some distortion effects provide an "overdrive" effect. Either by using a vacuum tube, or by using simulated tube modelling techniques, the top of the wave form is compressed, thus giving a smoother distorted signal than regular distortion effects. When an overdrive effect is used at a high setting, the sound's waveform can become clipped, which imparts a gritty or "dirty" tone, which sounds like a tube amplifier "driven" to its limit.
Fuzz is intended to recreate the classic 1960's tone of an overdriven tube amp combined with torn speaker cones.
Equalization-Related Effects.
Equalization effects include equalizer, wah, auto-wah and phase shifters.
An Equalizer adjusts the frequency response in a number of different frequency bands. A graphic equalizer (or "graphic EQ") provides slider controls for a number of frequency region. Each of these bands has a fixed width (Q) and a fixed center-frequency, and as such, the slider changes only the level of the frequency band. The tone controls on guitars, guitar amps, and most pedals are similarly fixed-Q and fixed-frequency, but unlike a graphic EQ, rotary controls are used rather than sliders.
A Phase Shifter creates a complex frequency response containing many regularly-spaced "notches" in an incoming signal by combining it with a copy of itself out of phase, and shifting the phase relationship cyclically. The phasing effect creates a "whooshing" sound that is reminiscent of the sound of a flying jet.
A Wah pedal is a foot-operated pedal is technically a kind of band-pass filter, which allows only a small portion of the incoming signal's frequencies to pass. Rocking the pedal back and forth alternately allows lower and higher frequencies to pass through, the effect being similar to a person saying "wah".
An Auto-Wah is a Wah pedal without a rocker pedal, controlled instead by the dynamic envelope of the signal. An auto-wah, also called more technically an envelope filter, uses the level of the guitar signal to control the wah filter position, so that as a note is played, it automatically starts with the sound of a wah pedal pulled back, and then quickly changes to the sound of a wah pedal pushed forward, or the reverse movement depending on the settings.
Time-Based Effects.
Time-based effects include delay/echo, chorus and looping.
A Delay or Echo pedal creates a copy of an incoming sound and slightly time-delays it, creating either a "slap" (single repetition) or an echo (multiple repetitions) effect.
Chorus uses a cycling, variable delay time that is short so that individual repetitions are not heard. The result is a thick, "swirling" sound that suggests multiple instruments playing in unison (chorus) that are slightly out of tune.
Extremely long delay times form a looping pedal, which allows performers to record a phrase or passage and play along with it. This allows a solo performer to record an accompaniment or ostinato passage and then, with the looping pedal playing back this passage, perform solo improvisations over the accompaniment.
Pitch-related Effects.
Some pitch related effects are octavers and pitch shifters.
An Octaver mixes the input signal with a synthesised signal whose musical tone is an octave lower or higher than the original.
A pitch shifter is a device that alters the pitch of the instruments. They are generally used with an expression pedal to give a smooth bend-like effect.
Multi-effects Pedals.
A multi-FX pedal is a single effects device that contains a number of different effects in it. Some multi-FX pedals contain modelled versions of classic effects pedals or amplifiers. |
1148155 | Ali Osman Taha | Ali Osman Taha (also transliterated "Othman" or "Uthman") has been the first Vice President of Sudan from 1998 to the present. He was the country's Foreign Minister for three years prior to becoming Vice President and is a member of the National Congress Party (Sudan) .
Taha is a graduate of the Faculty of Law at the University of Khartoum and was known for his academic prowess. He then set up a private law practice before being appointed as a judge and then entering politics as a member of Sudan's parliament in the 80's.
Taha, along with John Garang are credited as being the co-architects of Sudan's Comprehensive Peace Agreement which brought Africa's longest civil war to an end on the 9th of January 2005.
Taha heads the Sudanese side of the Sudanese Egyptian High Committee
which is headed on the Egyptian side by Prime Minister Ahmed Nazif and
includes Ministers from both countries and aims to effectualise cooperation between the two countries. |
8531007 | Keith Peters (Rugby League) | Keith Peters (born 25 January, 1986) is a rising star of Rugby League and has represented Papua New Guinea at International level. He burst onto the NRL scene in 2006 at the age of 20. He currently plays for the Penrith Panthers and is likely to get a lot more match time in the 2007 season. He is also likely to be a key player for PNG at the 2008 World Cup. |
74514 | I Ching hexagram 59 | I Ching hexagram 59, depicted :|::|| is named (huan4), Dispersing. Other translations: R. Wilhelm/C. Baynes, Dispersion (Dissolution); E. Shaughnessy (Mawangdui), Dispersal.
Inner (lower) trigram is (:|: kan3) Gorge = ( ) water;
Outer (upper) trigram is (:|| xun4) Ground = ( ) wind;
The trigrams can be read bottom to top as "With containment (water in lower) comes becoming influential (wind in upper)";
The Self-Referencing I Ching : using the I Ching to describe itself.
The following material is drawn from analysis of the binary sequence of the hexagrams where the hexagrams are derived from recursion of yin/yang and so showing a property of the method - the hexagrams are all linked together and contribute to the expression of, the description of, each hexagram.
The skeletal form of hexagram 59 is described by analogy to the under-exaggerated properties of hexagram 60 where we have a generic focus on limits, setting standards. This vague sense of establishing standards sets a ground for a focus in 59 on dispelling illusions, lifting the 'fog', making things 'clear' etc.
The Lines:
Line 1- Help comes with the force of a horse. Try to resolve problems at the onset before they can develop.
Line 2- Disperse and grab that which supports you. Be flexible at the beginning of a crisis and look towards supportive allies.
Line 3- Dissolve yourself. Do not cling to your own image of yourself. Let go and you will become adaptable.
Line 4- He dissolves his bond with his group. By stepping back from the group, one can attain membership in a much larger group.
Line 5- Floods of perspiration, great cries as the king's house is flooded. Sometimes a cathartic flooding is necessary to resolve a situation.
Line 6- He dissolves his own blood. He leaves. Avoid danger. The way you react to external forces will shape who you are more than the external forces themselves. |
4030769 | Nigel Durham | Nigel Durham is the drummer on Saxon's album Destiny. He now performs with former (founder) Saxon members Steve Dawson and Graham Oliver in Oliver/Dawson Saxon.He also drums on "Victim You" by Son of A Bitch, the name Oliver/Dawson Saxon temporarily recorded under. They featured Ted Bullit on Lead Vocals, later replaced by Kev Moore from The Gonads for live work. Nigel drummed on two European tours before the band adopted the Oliver/Dawson moniker, and recruited John Ward on vocals. |
7112381 | Robert Anasi | Robert Anasi, born in Providence, Rhode Island in 1966, is an American writer and journalist. He is the author of The Gloves, a nonfiction memoir of his experience boxing in the Golden Gloves competition. The Village Voice named him a "writer on the verge," and called The Gloves "a streetwise loveletter to a dying sport" that "recalls Norman Mailer's metajournalism."
. Anasi's journalism has been published in The New York Times, the New York Observer, Publisher's Weekly, and Maxim. He was an artist in residence at the MacDowell Colony in 2005.
Works.
The Gloves;
The Introduction to new edition of The Sweet Science (by A.J. Liebling) Farrar, Strauss & Giroux;
See also.
Boxing (General references)
External links.
robertanasi's Journal; |
6639021 | Stan Seymour | Stan Seymour was a footballer who played and managed Newcastle United.
Seymour enjoyed a distinguished career at Newcastle until 1929, when he left after a disagreement with club officials. After leaving the club he became owner of a clothes shop and later a journalist. However his good service for Newcastle United were not forgotten and he was appointed the club's new Director in 1938.
As Director he had control of first-team affairs, but like Frank Watt could not pick the team under the Director's Committee. However he had more influence on who could play than Watt had during his time at the club. He was manager of the club with the Directors Committee from 1938-1954. The club won the FA Cup in 1951 and retained it in 1952 whilst Seymour was at the helm.
His son Stan Seymour Jnr later became chairman of Newcastle. |
1530122 | Synaxarium | Synaxarium, Synaxarion, Synexarium, Synexarion, pl. Synaxaria (Greek: , from , synagein, to bring together; cf. etymology of "synaxis" and "synagogue") , the name given in the Eastern Orthodox Church to a compilation of hagiographies corresponding very closely to the martyrology of the Roman Church.
There are two kinds of synaxaria:
Simple Synaxaria: lists of the saints arranged in the order of their anniversaries, e.g. the calendar of Morcelli;
Historical Synaxaria: including biographical notices, e.g. the menology of Basil and the synaxarium of Sirmond. The notices given in the historical synaxaria are summaries of those in the great menologies, or collections of lives of saints, for the twelve months of the year. As the lessons in the Byzantine Divine Office are always lives of saints, the Synaxarion became the collection of short lives of saints and accounts of events whose memory is kept.
Definitions.
The exact meaning of the name has changed at various times. Its first use was for the index to the Biblical and other lessons to be read in church. In this sense it corresponds to the Latin Capitulare and Comes. Then the Synaxarion was filled up with the whole text of the pericopes to be read. As far as the Holy Liturgy was concerned this meant that it was replaced by the "Gospel" and "Apostle" books. Synaxarion remained the title for the index to the other lessons. Without changing its name it was filled up with complete texts of these lessons in the same way. The mere index of such lessons is generally called menologion heortastikon, a book hardly needed or used, since the Typikon supplies all that is wanted.
The parallel to the Roman Martyrology would be more exact, if we imagine the second nocturn lessons arranged together in a separate book.
Certain metrical calendars extant in the Middle Ages were also called Synaxaria. Krumbacher ("Gesch. der byzantin, Lit.", 2nd ed., Munich, 1897, pp. 738, 755) describes those composed by Christopher of Mytilene (d. about 1050) and Theodore Prodromus (twelfth century).
Examples.
The oldest historical synaxaria apparently go back to the tenth century. There are a great number of medieval Synaxaria extant in manuscript. They are important for Byzantine heortology and church history. The short lives that form the lessons were composed or collected by various writers. Of these Symeon Metaphrastes is the most important. The accounts are of very varying historical value. Emperor Basil II (976-1025) ordered a revision of the Synaxarion, which forms an important element of the present official edition (Analecta Bollandiana, XIV, 1895, p. 404). The Synaxarion is not now used as a separate book; it is incorporated in the Menaia. The account of the saint or feast is read in the Orthros after the sixth ode of the Canon. It is printed in its place here, and bears each time the name synaxarion as title. Synaxarion then in modern use means, not the whole collection, but each separate lesson in the Menaia and other books. An example of such a Synaxarion (for St. Martin I, 13 April) will be found in Nilles, op. cit., infra, I, xlix.
Eastern Orthodox Church.
The Eastern churches also have their synaxaria. The publication of the Arabic text of the synaxarium or the Church of Alexandria was started simultaneously by J. Forget in the Corp. script. orient. and by R. Basset in the Patrologia Orientalis, and that of the Ethiopian synaxarium was begun by I. Guidi in the Patrologia orient. The Armenian synaxarium, called the synaxarium of Ter Israel, was published at Constantinople in 1834.
See also.
Hagiography;
Paterikon;
Menaion;
References.
Stefano Antonio Morcelli, Kalendarium ecclesiae Constantinopolitanae (Rome, 1788) ;
H. Delehaye, "Le Synaxaire de Sirmond," in Analecta bollandiana, xiv. 396-434, where the terminology is explained; idem, Synaxarium ecclesiae Constantinopolitanae e codice Sirmondiano (Brussels, 1902), forming the volume Propylaeum ad acta sanctorum novembris.
;
; |
883599 | Icehouse (band) | Icehouse is an Australian band, originally billed as Flowers, best known in Australia in the late 1970s Sydney pub scene and later in the early to mid 80s for more mainstream success and radio airplay.
They were early pioneers in the use of synthesizers in popular music.
Overview.
They were formed in 1977 as Flowers by Iva Davies (born Ivor Arthur Davies, on 22 May, 1955, in Wauchope, New South Wales, Australia), who was the main creative force, and a classically trained musician; and bass player, Keith Welsh. for a number of years they also obtained the services of Bob Kretschmer, until he was replaced by young guitarist Paul Gildea.
Since 1980 Icehouse has released seven albums, several compilations, and music from collaborations with other artists including dance companies. The 1987 album Man of Colours was released at the apex of their fame and international success.
Albums.
As Flowers, Icehouse built up a strong following as a live act around Sydney, noted for their distinctive cover versions of songs by a wide range of acts including T-Rex and Brian Eno. After signing to the Regular Festival Records label, they released their first album Icehouse in 1980, which became a hit in Australia. The single from this album, also called "Icehouse", created some interest in the U.K., partly because of a memorable video. Other singles included "Can't Help Myself" and "Walls". The album made use of synthesisers, especially the Sequential Circuits Prophet 5.
Their next album release was Primitive Man, recorded with assistance from Keith Forsey, who later worked with Simple Minds. This album was the source of the international hit-single "Hey Little Girl", which has remained their most regularly played single. Another strong track from this album was "Great Southern Land", which featured in the late 1980s film Young Einstein.
In 1985 Davies' musical standing was further enhanced when he was commissioned to compose and record the score for the acclaimed Sydney Dance Company production of Graeme Murphy's dance work Boxes.
Icehouse's third album, Sidewalk, was far more sombre and reflective, featuring the tracks "I Don't Believe Anymore" and "Someone Like You". After this album the band made further inroads into the U.S. market with their 1986 release Measure for Measure.
The next album, Man of Colours, was their best-selling album. It contained the hit singles "Crazy" and "Electric Blue" (a song co-written by John Oates from the band Hall and Oates). With this album, the band reached an international zenith, never surpassing this level of popularity and exposure again.
Recent history.
In 1995, Davies was again involved with the Sydney Dance Company's production of Berlin. The musical score is a collection of cover versions of songs by David Bowie, Brian Eno, Simple Minds, The Psychedelic Furs, Frank Sinatra, Lou Reed, Roxy Music, XTC, Talking Heads, The Velvet Underground, PiL, The Cure and Killing Joke, which saw him collaborating with pianist Max Lambert in the development of the music.
As well as recording the score to the ballet, Davies performed these songs live with Icehouse at each show. He was an intrinsic part of the ballet, in a role similar to the one in Boxes. Iva was extremely successful in creating a translation from the dancers to the audience. Berlin was an instant success and ran for two seasons. Both shows were the most commercially successful that The Sydney Dance Company have had to date.
In 2002 Don't Believe Anymore from Sidewalk (1984) was covered by The Whitlams on their album Torch The Moon.
In 2003 Iva Davies contributed to the score of the film Master and Commander: The Far Side of the World.
16 August 2006, Icehouse were inducted into the ARIA Hall of Fame.
A number of Icehouse songs featured in the Triple M Essential 2006 Countdown. The songs are as follows:
Man Of Colours (1748/2006);
Crazy (1717/2006);
Love In Motion (1661/2006);
No Promises (1630/2006);
Electric Blue (1559/2006);
We Can Get Together (1508/2006);
Sister (1251/2006);
Nothing Too Serious (1203/2006);
Street Café (1075/2006);
Can t Help Myself (944/2006);
Walls (732/2006);
Hey Little Girl (687/2006);
Don t Believe Anymore (609/2006);
Great Southern Land (12/2006);
Soundbite.
Discography.
Albums.
Icehouse (1980) released under the band name Flowers : #4 AUS (released under the band name Icehouse in the US);
Primitive Man (1982) (later re-released in the United Kingdom as Love In Motion) : #3 AUS; #64 UK;
Sidewalk (1984) : #8 AUS;
Measure for Measure (1986) : #8 AUS;
Man of Colours (1987) : #1 AUS; #1 NZ; #48 US; #38 UK;
Great Southern Land (1989) : #2 AUS ;
Code Blue (1990) : #5 AUS;
Masterfile (1992) : #25 AUS;
Big Wheel (1993);
The Berlin Tapes (1995) (album of re-worked cover versions of songs by Lou Reed, Simple Minds, David Bowie, XTC, and Psychedelic Furs, amongst others);
Meltdown (2002) (a tribute/best of album with dance remixes of some songs);
Heroes (2004);
Bi-polar Poems (2006);
Singles.
----
"Can't Help Myself" (1980) #10 AUS;
"We Can Get Together" (1980) #16 AUS; #62 US;
"Walls" (1981) #20 AUS;
"Love In Motion" (1981) #10 AUS;
----
"Great Southern Land" (1982) #5 AUS, #83 UK;
"Hey Little Girl" (1982) #7 AUS; #17 UK; #5 Germany;
"Street Cafe" (1983) #57 AUS; #62 UK; #28 Germany;
----
"Taking The Town" (1984) #29 AUS;
"Don't Believe Anymore" (1984) #31 AUS;
"Dusty Pages" (1984) #82 AUS;
----
"No Promises" (1985) #30 AUS; #79 US; #72 UK;
"Baby, You're So Strange" (1986) #14 AUS;
"Mr. Big" (1986) #18 AUS;
"Cross The Border" (1986) #65 AUS;
----
"Crazy" (1987) #4 AUS, #14 US; #38 UK;
"Electric Blue" (1987) #1 AUS; #7 US; #53 UK;
"My Obsession" (1988) #12 AUS; #88 US;
"Man Of Colours" (1988) #28 AUS;
"Nothing Too Serious" (1988) #29 AUS;
----
"Touch The Fire" (1989) #13 AUS; #84 US;
"Jimmy Dean" (1989) #47 AUS;
----
"Big Fun" (1990) #47 AUS;
"Miss Divine" (1990) #16 AUS;
"Anything Is Possible" (1990) #49 AUS;
----
"Love In Motion" (1992) #94 AUS - with Chrissy Amphlett of The Divinyls;
----
"Hey Little Girl" ('97 Remixes) (1997);
"Heroes" (2004);
External links.
Official Iva Davies Icehouse site;
Spellbound a detailed fanzine;
The Official Icehouse Myspace Website; |
6410866 | Marcus St Hilaire | Marcus St Hilaire (born January 2, 1977 in England) is an English rugby league player who currently plays for the Bradford Bulls in the European Super League competition. His position of choice is on the Full back or wing.St Hilaire Played for the England 7s Team in the 2002 Commonwealth Games.
Leeds Rhinos.
After signing for Leeds in July 1996 "Junior", as he was known, became an integral part of the Rhinos seventeen-man game plan, especially under coach Graham Murray.
Marcus was signed from Huddersfield in July 1996 and was voted the Yorkshire Evening Post/Leeds Rhinos Shooting Star of 1998 as the most improved player.
A brilliant runner with the ball, all to often injuries prevented from gaining the confidence he needed to shine in the Leeds colours after 1999, the high point of his time at Headingley.
In total he made 65 starts for Leeds plus 46 substitute appearances leading to a total of 111 appearances. He scored 39 tries to give him a haul of 156 points.
St Hilaire was a try scorer at Wembley in the 1999 Challenge Cup Final when he was used in his accustomed role of coming on at full back to allow Iestyn Harris to move up to stand off in the second half of games.
Midway through the 2002 season, St Hilaire was released from the final year of his contract and rejoined Huddersfield, where he helped the Giants regain their place in Super League.
Hudderfield Giants.
Bradford Bulls.
St Hilaire recently signed improved one-year contract with the Bulls. St Hilaire came from Halifax in January 2006
Career playing statistics.
Point scoring summary.
Matches played.
External links.
Marcus St Hilaire Offical Player Profile; |
2246155 | Pinto, Madrid | Pinto is a town in the southeast of Madrid (Spain) ().
Formerly, the belief was that Pinto sat on the geographic middle of the Iberian Peninsula, hence its name comes from the Latin Punctum, "point".
Limits.
To the North: Getafe.
To the South: Torrejón de Velasco and Valdemoro.
To the East: San Martín de la Vega.
To the West: Parla and Fuenlabrada.
History.
Religious monuments.
Ermita de San Antón ("Saint Anthony Abbot hermitage"). Its environment is now transformed by the construction of a mall.
Ermita del Cristo ("Christ hermitage") In its interior is a crucified Christ that it enjoys great popular fervor. ;
Iglesia parroquial de Santo Domingo de Silos ("Parish of Saint Dominique of Silos");
Civilian monuments.
Éboli tower, wher the princess of Eboli was held. ;
Centro Cultural Infanta Cristina. It was thought until recently that this building, then known as Casa de la Cadena (House of the Chain), provided accommodations for the Catholic Monarchs, but serious historical studies deny such possibility.
Centro Municipal de Cultura ("Local Culture Center");
Francisco Rabal Town Theatre.
Culture.
A Spanish proverbial phrase is estar entre Pinto y Valdemoro, literally "being between Pinto and Valdemoro", meaning "being neither here nor there", "being undecided".
Famous locals.
Gonzalo de Arteaga, local chronist, writer and archaeologist.
Carlos Lapeña Morón, writer.
Pilar Oraá, sculptress.
Diana Abad, gymnast.
Rosario de Acuña, writer.
Alberto Contador, Liberty Seguros cyclist.
Augusto Klappenbach, university professor;
Demography.
Administration.
;
Local holidays.
Fiesta de San Antón, January 17;
Fiestas del Cristo, From June 3 to June 12;
Asunción de María|Nta. Sra. de la Asunción, August 15;
Domingo de Silos|Santo Domingo de Silos, December 20;
Leisure.
Juan Carlos I Park.
Shopping mall Plaza Éboli.
Nature.
Regional park of the Southeast.
External links.
Pinto Town Hall;
El Buzón Pinto digital newspaper;
Pinto forum;
Pinto s Partido Popular;
Juntos por Pinto (political institution);
La casa de Pinto (House of Pinto);
CEIP El Prado (Public School El Prado);
Entre Pinto y Valdemoro Guide of events, movies, and other things in Pinto and Valdemoro (In spanish);
CEIP Europa (Public School Europa);
Pinto] at the Instituto Nacional de Estadística;
Zigzag Digital Digital newspaper of Pinto and outskirts;
Zona Sur Sports newspaper of Pinto; |
193960 | Steve Bell (cartoonist) | For the Canadian musician, see Steve Bell (musician).;
Steve Bell (born February 26, 1951) is an English political cartoonist, whose work appears in The Guardian and other places. He is known for his left-wing views and distinctive caricatures.
Born in Walthamstow, London and raised in Slough, Bell moved to North Yorkshire with his family in 1968, where he trained as an artist at the Teesside College of Art as well as the University of Leeds. He was briefly an art teacher in Birmingham before becoming a freelance cartoonist in 1977. His comic strip Maggie's Farm appeared in the London listings magazines Time Out from 1979 and later in City Limits. In 1980, he contributed a cartoon interpretation of the lyrics to Ivan Meets G.I. Joe to the inner lyric bag of The Clash's triple album Sandinista!.
Steve Bell is perhaps best-known for the daily strip called If..., which has appeared in The Guardian newspaper since 1981, and since the mid-1990s he has also been that newspaper's principal editorial cartoonist. One of Bell's most traditional caricatures is of John Major as a dire superhero wearing his Y-fronts on the outside of his clothes (and indeed Major later admitted he tucked his shirt into his underwear). He has won many awards for his work, including both the political and strip cartoon categories at the Cartoon Arts Trust awards in 1997.
Many collections of his cartoons have been published, and he has also illustrated original books in collaboration with several authors. He has made short animated films with Bob Godfrey, and a radio programme about the life of 18th century caricaturist James Gillray. He has also drawn the Gremlins comic strip for the British comic Jackpot.
In 2003, he was listed in The Observer as one of the 50 funniest acts in British comedy. When he received the award in 2004 for Best Daily Cartoonist, in his speech he thanked "George Bush - for looking like a monkey, walking like a monkey and talking like a monkey".
Opinions are divided about the merits of Steve Bell's work. Like most cartoonists he uses running gags, and therefore seems funnier to regular than to occasional readers. But even among Guardian aficionados, there is an ongoing Bell vs Garry Trudeau (and therefore If... vs Doonesbury) debate, occasionally spilling onto the paper's Letters page, which exists mainly because the two comic strips were, for many years, carried by the Guardian next to each other. The debate is as much about taste as anything else, prompted for example by Bell's typical juxtaposition of toilet humour with high art. He is fond of parodying famous paintings. Examples include his parody of Goya's The Sleep of Reason Brings Forth Monsters (in an editorial cartoon about the UK Independence Party); William Hogarth's The Gates of Calais about the ban on UK meat exports following outbreaks of foot-and-mouth disease and bovine BSE; and - before the 2005 General Election when it briefly seemed as if the Liberal Democrats might seriously threaten Labour - J.M.W. Turner's The Fighting Temeraire), in which a chirpy Charles Kennedy as tug-boat towed a grotesque and dilapidated Tony Blair to be broken up. Bell is also fond of using the pejorative British word "wanker" and its euphemistic variants in his If... comic strip.
External links.
Guardian cartoons by Steve Bell;
Interview alongside Martin Rowson;
Interviewing Robert Crumb, 2005;
Biography article at Centre for the Study of Cartoons and Caricature, University of Kent ; |
4003311 | Nokia 7600 | The Nokia 7600 is a digital imaging mobile phone released by Nokia in the 3rd quarter of 2003.
The Nokia 7600 features an integrated digital VGA camera, capable of taking photos with a 640x480 resolution, and video clips of a 128x96 resolution (lasting up to 50 minutes). Videos and Photographs can be previewed on the phone's 65,536 colour TFT display, measuring 128x160 pixels.
It can hold 30MB of data on its internal memory for contact details (including a photographic phonebook), video clips, images, ringtones, messages, music files, calendar details, notes and Java applications.
The phone has many connectivity options, including infrared data transfer through its integrated port (located on the left side of the phone), Bluetooth wireless file transfer technology, MMS options and direct file transfer via a Nokia DKU-2 (Pop-Port-to-USB) cable to compatible PCs.
It also features a digital music player that supports both MP3 and AAC file formats, which can be used as ringing tones, as well as listened to through a stereo headset or the internal loudspeaker.
The 7600 has a dual mode operation mode on both the W-CDMA and GSM 900/1800 networks, and was the second Nokia phone which supported W-CDMA (2100 MHz) mobile networks (although the previous W-CDMA phone, the Nokia 6650, was only a prototype and never became widely used). Nokia's W-CDMA successor to the 7600 was the Nokia 6630 smartphone.
It is capable of high-speed data transfer up to 57.6 kilobits per second (in circuit switched data networks), as well as a 384 kbps download rate and 64 kbps upload rate (in W-CDMA packet transmission networks).
External links.
Nokia 7600 Official European Website;
Nokia Worldwide Portal;
Nokia UK Website; |
8651523 | AutoIndex PHP Script | AutoIndex PHP Script is a free, open source software package written in PHP. It makes an index of a directory on a website and lets users access the files and subdirectories. It includes a searching feature, file uploading, access logging, and file descriptions.
Members of its user community have translated the software into 35 languages.
AutoIndex also acts as an online file manager though the use of an administration panel. This allows someone who is logged in with an administrator account to upload, rename, and delete files.
Version 1 .
Version 1 is compatible with both PHP 4 and PHP 5. This is currently considered the "legacy" version, because it is released for compatibility with PHP 4.
However, Version 1 is still maintained to include bug fixes and security updates, although no new features are added.
Version 2 .
Version 2 was rewritten in PHP 5 to make use of its object-oriented features. This version added:
.htaccess parsing;
FTP access;
a template system for customizing the layout;
on-the-fly TAR archive creation;
the ability to assign a home directory to each user;
Note that Version 2 requires PHP 5 or later to be used.
References .
External links .
Official website;
Project Site (SourceForge.net);
AutoIndex Review by Research Computing at Dana-Farber Cancer Institute; |
3618333 | The Perfect Storm (film) | The Perfect Storm is a 2000 film adapted from the book of the same title by Sebastian Junger. The film was directed by Wolfgang Petersen and features George Clooney, Mark Wahlberg, Diane Lane, Karen Allen and Mary Elizabeth Mastrantonio.1
Plot .
In September 1991 the swordfishing boat Andrea Gail returns to home port in Gloucester, Massachusetts with a poor catch. Desperate for money the captain convinces his reluctant crew to join him for one more fishing expedition. They head out past their usual fishing grounds, leaving a developing storm behind them. They find great success at the Flemish Cap, but when their ice machine breaks the only way to preserve their catch is to hurry back home. However between the Andrea Gail and Gloucester is a confluence of 2 powerful weather fronts and a hurricane. The crew struggles to sail through pounding waves and shrieking winds, while friends and family worry and wait for a ship that may never come home.2
Reaction .
The families of certain crew members disliked the movie and sued the producers in federal district court in Florida. The district court held that the defendants' First Amendment right to freedom of speech barred the suit. The plaintiffs appealed to the U.S. Court of Appeals for the 11th Circuit, which could not decide how to interpret the Florida law at issue and certified the question to the Florida Supreme Court. On April 21, 2005, the Florida Supreme Court upheld the district court's interpretation of Florida law and remanded the case to the 11th Circuit, which then affirmed the district court's original decision to dismiss the case.
See Also .
129th Rescue Wing;
Air Force Pararescue;
1991 Halloween Nor easter;
References .
1.Berardinelli,James, The Perfect Storm Film Review,reelviews.net, 2000, Retrieved on 2007-1-25
2. Berardinelli,James, The Perfect Storm Film Review,reelviews.net, 2000, Retrieved on 2007-1-24
External links .
Plot and background at reelviews.net;
;
;
; |
5294905 | Operations order | An OPORD or Operations Order is a standardized multiparagraph military order used in the United States military.
Example Format .
1. Situation
a. Enemy.
(1)Weather.
(2)Terrain.
(3)Enemy Forces.
b. Friendly.
c. Attachments and detachments.
2. Mission.
3. Execution.
a. Concept of the Operation;
b. Specific tasks to subordinate units.
c. Coordinating instructions.
4. Service Support.
a. General.
b. Material and Services.
c. Medical evacuation and treatment.
d. Personnel.
e. Miscellaneous.
5. Command and Signal
a. Command.
b. Signal.
6. POC (Point of Contact)
References .
FM 17-97 Cavalry Troop (October 1995); |
1774243 | Leonid Potapov | Leonid Vasil'ievitch Potapov ( ) (born July 4 1935 in Buryatia) has been the President of the Buryat Republic in Russia since August 1991. He has been reelected three times (in 1994, 1998 and 2002), last time in 2002, when he received 68% of the vote.
In 1959 he graduated as an Engineer from Habarovsk Institute of Railway Transport. From January to April 1990 was nominal Vice President (Vice Chairman of Supreme Council] of Turkmenistan. In April 1990 returned to Buryatia and was nominated as a local communist party chief (1st secretary of CPSU Buryatian branch).
External links.
Official presidential website; |
3579748 | Clouseau in 't lang | Clouseau in 't lang is the name of the concert given by the Flemish band Clouseau in 2005 at the Antwerp Sportpaleis Merksem. The name was inspired by the 6 meter wide, 40 meter long catwalk in the concert hall from which the band played. This unusual arrangement made it possible for the entire hall to see the band more or less equally.
Video of the concert will be available on a DVD with the same name starting in February 2006. |
4593082 | Percy Jones (musician) | Percy Jones is a Welsh bass guitarist, and was a member of Brand X from 1974 to 1980. He appears sporadically with the band at reunion shows, most recently the 'Rebranded' tour of 1999. He currently is the bassist in the jazz/fusion band Tunnels, along with drummer John O'Reilly Jr. and midivibist Marc Wagnon.--DLA--
Jones is best known for his unique bass sound, and his trademark use of the fretless Wal bass.
Tunnels' official website; |
6852363 | Aqa Hasan | Maulana Syed Aqa Hasan Naqvi ( ) was a mujtahid from Lucknow, India who preached Shia Islam and came from a family of scholars known as "Khandaan-e-Ijtehad". He married into Khandaan-e-Ijtehad, his wife was the daughter of Syed Mohammad, who was the oldest son of Syed Dildar Ali, also known as Ghufran Ma'ab.
At one time, he was the Imam-e-Juma of the Asafi Masjid in Lucknow, India. The same position was held by his descedents (in chronological order): Maulana Syed Kalbe Hussain, Maulana Syed Kalbe Abid and currently Maulana Syed Kalbe Jawad.
At the time of Maulana Syed Aqa Hasan the other leading scholars were Maulana Syed Mohammad Baqir "Baqir-ul-Uloom", Maulana Syed Nasir Hussain "Nasir-ul-Millat" and Maulana Syed Najmul Hasan "Najmul Millat". |
4561293 | MusicIP | MusicIP is a music search engine which uses an algorithm for generating unique acoustic fingerprints. From these fingerprints, songs can be identified by their acoustic signature regardless of differences at the digital data level (file format, data compression rates, etc). While the technology required to create fingerprints is proprietary, identifying tracks against the existing fingerprint database can be done freely through the MusicDNS service.
MusicIP technology also features the ability to analyse musical content for meaningful (to humans) musical attributes, so that the software is able to identify tracks that are acoustically similar. This feature forms the basis of MusicIP's primary software application, MusicIP Mixer.
See also.
MusicIP Mixer;
MusicDNS;
List of online music databases;
External links.
MusicIP.com;
MusicDNS.org;
MusicIP Mixer Add-ons and Community site (unofficial);
; |
2504158 | 1927-28 NHL season | The 1927-28 NHL season was the eleventh season of the National Hockey League. Ten teams played 44 games each. The New York Rangers won the Stanley Cup beating the Montreal Maroons becoming the first United States based team since the formation of the NHL to win it and first since the Seattle Metropolitans won in 1917. This season saw the reintroduction of the O'Brien Trophy, which used to go to the NHL league champion. It was originally retired in favour of the Prince of Wales Trophy. The reintroduced O'Brien Trophy went to the winner of the Canadian Division while the Prince of Wales Trophy went to the winner of the American division.
Regular season.
The Ottawa Senators, by far the smallest market in the league,were affected by franchises in the U.S. and, thus, escalating salaries, and were in financial trouble as a result and requested a bigger road receipt from the other teams. They also sold their star right wing Hooley Smith to the Montreal Maroons for $22,500 plus the return of right wing Punch Broadbent, followed by the sale of defenceman Ed Gorman to Toronto. Part of the problem was that fans in Ottawa tended to only attend games with Canadian opponents.
Howie Morenz, the NHL's top drawing card, dominated the scoring race and was runaway winner of the Hart Trophy. He scored 33 goals and led the league in assists as well. Despite Ottawa's financial difficulties, Alex Connell, Ottawa goalkeeper, set an all-time record with six consecutive shutouts or a period of 460 minutes and 59 seconds without being scored on.
Toronto, now the Maple Leafs, showed power early on and it looked like they would make the
playoffs. However, injuries to Hap Day and Bill Carson doomed the team and the Leafs
sagged to fourth and out of the playoffs.
Thanks to the great play of Eddie Shore and goaltender Hal Winkler, who tied with Connell for the leader in shutouts with 15, the Boston Bruins finished first for the first time in the American Division, while the Canadiens, who were running away with the Canadian Division at mid-season, slumped after an injury to Pit Lepine but managed to hold onto first place at season's end.
Final standings.
Note: W = Wins, L = Losses, T = Ties, Pts = Points, GF= Goals For, GA = Goals Against, PIM = Penalties in minutes
Note: Teams that qualified for the playoffs are highlighted in bold
Leading Scorers.
Note: GP = Games played; G = Goals; A = Assists; Pts = Points
Leading Goaltenders.
Stanley Cup playoffs.
In the Canadian Division,the Montreal Maroons beat the Ottawa Senators and then went to
the pulsating limit against the Canadiens before Russell Oatman put the Maroons into
the finals with a goal in overtime.
In the American Division, the New York Rangers knocked off the Pittsburgh Pirates in a rough series, and then beat Boston to go to the finals against the Montreal Maroons. The circus knocked the Rangers out of Madison Square Garden, and all games would be played in the Montreal Forum, even though Boston offered to host the Rangers. The Maroons won game one 2-0, with Nels Stewart and goaltender
Clint Benedict the stars. Drama took over in game two when Nels Stewart fired a hard shot that struck New York goaltender Lorne Chabot in the eye. He could not continue, and the Rangers needed a goaltender. However, when coach Eddie Gerard refused to let the Rangers use Alex Connell or minor league goaltender Hugh McCormick, Lester Patrick, Ranger coach, in anger, decided to don the pads himself. The Rangers then body-blasted any Maroon who got near Patrick. Bill Cook scored, putting the Rangers ahead 1-0, but Nels Stewart was not to be denied and scored,tying the game. In overtime, Frank Boucher got the winner for the Rangers and they carried Patrick, tears streaming down his eyes, off the ice.
Joe "Red Light" Miller, New York Americans goalie, was allowed to take Chabot's place in goal and he played well in a 2-0 loss in game three. However, Frank Boucher starred as the Rangers took the next two games, and the Stanley Cup. Drama almost took place in the final game when Miller was badly cut on a shot, but he was able to continue. The crowd became unruly at times and referee Mike Rodden took abuse for disallowed goals by Maroon players. Even NHL president Frank Calder was a target of some fans for not intervening. The Rangers became the second American team to win the Cup and the first NHL American team
to do so.
Playoff bracket.
NHL awards.
See also.
List of Stanley Cup champions;
Ice hockey at the 1928 Winter Olympics;
Prairie Hockey League;
List of pre-NHL seasons;
1927 in sports;
1928 in sports;
References.
Hockey Database;
NHL.com; |
1793022 | MAX Yellow Line | The MAX Yellow Line is a 5.8 mile (9.3 km) (not including segments downtown shared with other lines) light rail route in the Metropolitan Area Express light rail system in Portland, Oregon. The route, which opened May 1, 2004, runs between downtown Portland and the Portland Expo Center. It is also known as the Interstate MAX because the majority of the line runs along Interstate Avenue in North Portland.
The Yellow Line is the newest MAX line. Originally, it was conceived as part of a north-south light rail project between Vancouver, Washington and Milwaukie to be built using city funds, but that plan was rejected by voters. TriMet then learned that a majority of the residents of North Portland had voted in favor of the original plan, so they decided to build this new line without using city funds. To do this, they convinced the City of Portland to create an urban renewal district along the proposed line, which made them eligible for matching federal funds with which they could finance the construction of the MAX line. The project was finished four months ahead of schedule at a budget of $320 million USD $25 million USD under budget. The presence of the line has also caused a great deal of redevelopment along its corridor.
Future plans.
The Yellow Line will move to the Portland Transit Mall once MAX tracks are put in there. Additionally, there are plans for extensions at both ends, from downtown Portland southward to Milwaukie as part of the MAX Orange Line (which will likely be a Yellow Line extension), and from the Expo Center into Vancouver, WA via Interstate 5 and SR-500.
Stations.
NameOpening YearInterchangeMunicipalityFare ZonePark and Ride?
MAX Yellow Line (Portland-Expo Center)
The route enters a transit mall.
Library/Southwest 9th Avenue (eastbound);Galleria/Southwest 10th Avenue (westbound)
1986
MAX Blue LineMAX Red LinePortlandStreetcar
Portland
1Fareless Square
No
Pioneer Square South (eastbound);Pioneer Square North (westbound)
1986
MAX Blue LineMAX Red Line
Portland
1Fareless Square
No
Mall/Southwest 4th Avenue (eastbound);Mall/Southwest 5th Avenue (westbound)
1986
MAX Blue LineMAX Red Line
Portland
1Fareless Square
No
Yamhill District (eastbound);Morrison/Southwest 3rd Avenue (westbound)
1986
MAX Blue LineMAX Red Line
Portland
1Fareless Square
No
The route exits a transit mall.
Oak Street/Southwest 1st Avenue
1986
MAX Blue LineMAX Red Line
Portland
1Fareless Square
No
Skidmore Fountain
1986
MAX Blue LineMAX Red Line
Portland
1Fareless Square
No
Old Town/Chinatown
1986
MAX Blue LineMAX Red Line
Portland
1Fareless Square
No
Interstate/Rose Quarter
2004
Portland
1Fareless Square
No
Albina/Mississippi
2004
Portland
1
No
Overlook Park
2004
Portland
2
No
North Prescott Street
2004
Portland
2
No
North Killingsworth Street
2004
Portland
2
No
North Portland Boulevard
2004
Portland
2
No
North Lombard Transit Center
2004
Portland
2
No
Kenton/North Denver Avenue
2004
Portland
2
No
Delta Park/Vanport
2004
Portland
2
Yes
Expo Center
2004
Portland
2
Yes
External links.
TriMet homepage;
MAX homepage at trimet.org; |
7793854 | Rownd a Rownd | Rownd a Rownd is a television series on S4C. It was originally based on young people with paper rounds, but has since grown to include both their daily school and family life.
The series is filmed in Porthaethwy, Anglesey. An unrealistic factor about Rownd a Rownd is that it is filmed in the
Summer months, but the story takes place in the Winter months, so it is always daylight in the morning, where darkness is expected.
The longest star of the series is Dewi 'Pws' Morris who has played the character of Islwyn Morgan, from the start in 1995. |
220230 | Bernardino of Siena | Saint Bernardino of Siena (sometimes Bernardine, September 8 1380 May 20, 1444) was an Italian preacher, Franciscan missionary and Christian saint.
Early life.
Bernardino was born in 1380 to the noble Albizeschi family in Massa Marittima (Tuscany), a Sienese town of which his father was then governor. Left orphaned at six, he was raised by a pious aunt. On the completion of his education he spent some years in the service of the sick in the hospitals. While he was studying civil and canon law in Siena, he worked in the hospital of Santa Maria della Scala throughout the bubonic plague outbreak of 1400 and even urged other young men to stay and help. He thus caught the plague, of which he nearly died.
In 1402 or 1404, he joined the Franciscan order in the strict branch called Observant, of which he became one of the chief promoters, after donating all his possessions to the poor. About 1406 Saint Vincent Ferrer, while preaching at Alessandria in Piedmont, foretold that his mantle should descend upon one who was then listening to him, and said that he would return to France and Spain leaving to Bernardino the task of evangelizing the remaining peoples of Italy. Nearly twelve years passed before this prediction was fulfilled. During this period, of which we have no details, Bernardino seems to have lived in retirement in the convent on the hill of Capriola, near Siena.
He was reported to "cure" a Sienese prostitute by striking her and "driving the demon" from her body. He then moved on to preach at Milan in 1418 (1417 according to other sources) before traveling to perform evangelical preaching in neighbouring cities in the next four years.
Work.
For more than 30 years Bernardino preached all over Italy, and played a great part in the religious revival of the early fifteenth century. His success was claimed to be remarkable. Enormous crowds came to hear him speak. It was said that feuds and factionalism were reconciled by his counsel and that miracles took place. Donations to the Holy Name of Jesus (which he preached particularly) increased dramatically. Furthermore, "bonfires of vanities" were held at his sermon sites, where people were encouraged to burn objects of temptation. In 1425, he preached every day for seven weeks in Siena.
In 1427 he was summoned to Rome to stand trial on charges of heresy, with theologians including Paulus Venetus present to give their opinions. Bernardino was found innocent of heresy, and he impressed Pope Martin V sufficiently that Martin requested he preach in Rome. He was acquitted and thereupon preached every day for 80 days. A typical sermon, would last for an hour long, but some lasted for more than four. Bernardino's zeal was such that he would prepare up to four drafts of a sermon before starting to speak. That same year, he was offered and declined the bishopric of Siena in order to maintain his monastic and evangelical activities. In 1431, he toured Tuscany, Lombardy, Romagna, and Ancona before returning to Siena to prevent a war against Florence. Also in 1431, he declined the bishopric of Ferrara, and in 1435 he declined the bishopric of Urbino.
Saint John Capistran was his friend, and Saint James of the Marches was his disciple during these years. Both Pope Martin V and Pope Eugene IV were urged by their cardinals to condemn Bernardino, but both almost instantly acquitted him. The Holy Roman Emperor Sigismund sought Bernardino's counsel and intercession and the future saint accompanied him to Rome in 1433 for his coronation.
Soon after he withdrew again to Capriola to compose a series of sermons. He resumed his missionary labours in 1436, but was forced to abandon them in the following year, when he became vicar-general of the Observant branch of the Franciscans in Italy. In 1438, Bernardino was elevated to vicar-general of the Franciscan Order in Italy. This cut back his opportunities to preach, but he continued to speak to the public when he could. Having in 1442 persuaded the pope to accept his resignation as vicar-general so that he might give himself more undividedly to preaching, Bernardino resumed his missionary labours. Despite a Papal Bull issued by Eugene IV in 1443 and which charged Bernardino to preach the indulgence for the Crusade against the Turks, there is no record of his having done so. In 1444, notwithstanding his increasing infirmities, Bernardino, desirous that there should be no part of Italy which had not heard his voice, set out to the Kingdom of Naples. He died that year at Aquila, in the Abruzzi. According to the tradition, his grave continued to leak blood until two factions of the city achieved reconciliation.
Reports of miracles attributed to Bernardino multiplied rapidly and Bernardino was canonized in 1450, only six years after his death, by Pope Nicholas V. His feast day in the Roman Catholic Church is May 20, day of his death.
Attacks on sodomy.
Bernardino attacked the sodomitical customs of the Italians in his sermons, among which one pointing out the reputation of the Italians beyond their own borders:
O Italia, quanto ne se' contaminata più che altra provincia ! Va' a tedeschi, e ode che bello vanto e' danno a' Taliani! Dicono che non è generazione al mondo, che sieno maggiori sodomitti che Italiani.
which can be translated as: "O, Italy, how much more than any other province have you become contaminated! Go to the Germans, and hear what lovely things they say about the Italians! They say there is no people in this world that are greater sodomites than the Italians." ("Abominabile peccato della maladetta soddomia". Prediche volgari sul campo di Siena. 1427 vol. 2, Milan, p. 1149). The practices had been blamed for "divine" misfortunes, like the plague, and some in the clergy hoped that catastrophes could be averted by restricting practices they blamed as immoral.
Work for the Order and the spreading of the Observants.
Bernardino laboured strenuously to spread the Observant branch of the Friars Minor from the outset of his religious life: but, contrary to what is sometimes stated, he was not its founder. (The origin of the Observants, or Zelanti, may be traced back to the middle of the fourteenth century.) Nevertheless, Bernardine became to the Observants what St. Bernard had been to the Cistercians, their principal support and indefatigable propagator. Some idea of his zeal may be gathered from the fact that, instead of the one hundred and thirty Friars constituting the Observance in Italy at Bernardino 's reception into the order, it counted over four thousand before his death.
In addition to the number he received into the order, Bernardino himself founded, or reformed, at least three hundred convents of Friars. Not content with extending his religious family at home, Bernardino sent missionaries to different parts of the Orient and it was largely through his efforts that so many ambassadors from different schismatical nations attended the Council of Florence in which we find the saint addressing the assembled Fathers in Greek.
Iconography.
After his death, the Franciscans promoted an iconographical program of diffusion of images of Bernardino, which was second only to that of the founder of the order. He is typically represented in painting with three mitres at his feet (representing the three bishoprics which he had rejected) and holding in his hand the IHS monogram with rays emanating from it (representing his devotion to the "Holy Name of Jesus").
A portrait is known to have circulated in Siena just after Bernardino s death which, on the basis of physiognomic similarities with his death mask at L'Aquila (the bald head and emaciated face), is believed to have been a good likeness. It is thought probable that many subsequent depictions of the saint derive from this portrait.
The most famous, and perhaps most highly appreciated, depictions of Bernardino are found in the cycle of frescoes of his life executed towards the end of the fifteenth century by Pinturicchio in the Bufalini Chapel of Santa Maria in Aracoeli, Rome.
Patron.
Saint Bernardino is the patron saint of advertising, communications, compulsive gambling, respiratory problems, the city Carpi (Italy), and the diocese of San Bernardino, California.
Legacy.
In the 15th century, the Catholic Church began to respond to the pressures both of the multiple heresies that had spread throughout southern France and northern Italy and the challenge of Protestantism. As Martin Luther emphasized the direct participation of the laity in the divine and the importance of the sermon, the monastic orders, in particular, reformed. Instead of remaining cloistered and speaking only the liturgy, some, like Bernardino of Siena, attempted to preach directly to the public. The effect was both to stem the inroads of Protestant evangelism and to make the populace more aware of orthodox dogma. The first edition of his works, for the most part elaborate sermons, was printed at Lyon in 1501.
References.
;
; |
7352591 | Walter the Wobot | Walter is a fictional character from the Judge Dredd comic strip in British comic 2000 AD.
Walter was Judge Dredd's house robot. He is usually used in stories to provide comic relief, and he has a speech impediment which causes him to pronounce his r's as w's. He was made a free robot with the rights of a human citizen in 2099 for his loyal services during the First Robot War. However he was so devoted to Dredd that he chose to remain in Dredd's employ, until he sustained serious damage at the hands of Mean Machine Angel. This was an effort by the writers to kill him off when Judge Dredd stories were becoming grittier and more mature. However, the character was brought back by John Wagner several years later.
In 2116 Walter attempted to lead a second Robot War, and actually shot Dredd to punish him for Dredd's harsh treatment of him over the years. Arrested by Rookie Judge Giant and sentenced to thirty years, he was paroled by Dredd in 2122 and now lives with Mrs Gunderson.
Appearances.
As well as numerous appearances in Judge Dredd, in 1978 Walter had his own eponymous comedy series (one-page episodes), in 2000 AD progs 50-61, 67-68, and 84-85.
External links.
2000 AD profile; |
1208384 | Marie Rambert | Dame Marie Rambert (February 20, 1888 June 12, 1982) was a Polish-Jewish dancer and dance pedagogue who exerted a great influence on British ballet, both as a dancer and teacher.
Born Cyvia or Miriam Ramberg in Warsaw, Poland, she also used a number of other names, including Rambach, Rambam. Between 1912 and 1913 she collaborated with Les Ballets Russes led by Sergei Diaghilev. In 1918 she moved to the United Kingdom, where in 1920 she founded her own ballet school. In 1926 she created her own ballet company called Marie Rambert Dancers. Currently named Ballet Rambert, it is the oldest still active ballet company on British Isles.
She cooperated in Millicent Hodson to restore Nijinsky's choreography of "The Rite of Spring" in 1979. The restoration of choreography was completed in 1987.
Bibliography.
;
;
; |
7095021 | Miniature Deck | A Miniature Deck is about half the size of a standard card deck -- measuring 1.75 inches wide by 2.5 inches tall.
Because of their small size, they are difficult to shuffle and generally only collected as a novelty item or used in card tricks such as the "Vanishing Card" routine. |
8638368 | Clonbrook | Clonbrook is a village in the Demerara-Mahaica region of Guyana. The village itself has a population of about 1,000-2,000. The village is located along the East Coast Highway and is about 20 miles from Georgetown and about 4 miles from Mahaica. It also consists of the village of Bee Hive.
Demographics .
Historically, Clonbrook was almost 100% Indo-Guyanese, but today, that has changed due to migration within the country. The village of Clonbrook has a population of about 1,000 and most residents are of Indian Descent (Indo-Guyanese), however in recent years substantial Black migration has occurred. As a result of migration, many new houses have been constructed near the Public Road, also known as the East Coast Highway. Like many other Guyanese villages, Clonbrook is somewhat ethnically segregated: Some sections have a black majority, while others have an Indian majority. This village is well known for having friendly people, and racial disturbances do not occur.
Education .
Clonbrook has one school. However, during the 1960s and 1970s many residents did not take their education seriously, resulting in a literacy rate of only 84%, below the national average of 98%. (Source: Random Survey of 100 random people conducted in 2005).
Sources .
This article was put together based on information from surveys as well as interviews from various residents, all information is 100% correct and it stated from a neutral point of view.
See also .
Demerara-Mahaica;
Georgetown, Guyana;
Indo-Guyanese;
Afro-Guyanese; |
3538255 | Directive 2001/19/EC | The Directive 2001/19/EC of the European Parliament and of the Council of 14 May 2001 controls the general system for the recognition of professional qualifications of nurses responsible for general care, dental practitioners, veterinary surgeons, midwives, architects, pharmacists and doctors in the European Union.
The Directive 2001/19/EC amends Council Directives 89/48/EC and 92/51/EC on the general system for the recognition of professional qualifications and Council Directives 77/452/EC, 77/453/EC, 78/686/EC, 78/697/EC, 78/1026/EC, 80/154/EC, 80/155/EC, 85/384/EC, 85/432, 85/433/EC and 93/16/EC concerning the above mentioned professions.
The general system Directives permit the host Member State to require, subject to certain conditions, to take compensation steps, notably where substantial differences exist between the theoretical and/or practical education and training undergone and that covered by the qualification required in the host Member State.
The Directive 2001/19/EC is published on the Official Journal of the European Communities L 205, 31.07.2001.
External links.
The EU; |
1145922 | Washington Crossing the Delaware | This article is about the painting. For the poem, see Washington Crossing the Delaware (sonnet).;
Washington Crossing the Delaware is an 1851 oil-on-canvas painting by Emanuel Leutze. It is in commemoration of Washington's crossing of the Delaware on December 25, 1776, during the American Revolutionary War, the first move in a surprise attack against the Hessian forces at Trenton, New Jersey in the Battle of Trenton.
As of 2004, it is part of the permanent collection of the Metropolitan Museum of Art.
History.
German-born Emanuel Leutze grew up in America, then returned to Germany as an adult, where he conceived of the idea for this painting during the Revolutions of 1848. Hoping to encourage Europe's liberal reformers through the example of the American Revolution, and using American tourists and art students as models and assistants, Leutze finished the first painting in 1850. Just after it was completed, the first version was damaged by fire in his studio, subsequently restored, and acquired by the Kunsthalle Bremen. In 1942, during the Second World War, it was destroyed in a bombing raid by the British Royal Air Force (which has led to a persistent joke that the raid was Britain's final retaliation for the American Revolution).
The second painting, a full-sized copy of the first, was begun in 1850 and placed on exhibition in New York in October 1851. More than 50,000 people viewed it, including an 8-year-old Henry James, who later recalled that he "gaped responsive at every item" in "the epoch-making masterpiece." It was originally bought by Marshall O. Roberts for $10,000 (at the time, an enormous sum). After changing ownership several times, it was finally donated to the Metropolitan Museum of Art in 1897. It remains on exhibition there as of 2007.
In January 2003, the painting was defaced when a former Metropolitan Museum of Art guard glued a picture of the September 11, 2001, terrorist attacks to it. No permanent damage was caused.
Another duplicate painting or an exact replica hangs in the lobby of the West Wing of the White House.
Composition.
The painting is notable for its artistic composition. Washington is emphasized by an unnaturally bright sky, while his face catches the upcoming sun. The colors consist of mostly dark tones, as is to be expected at dawn, but there are red highlights repeated throughout the painting. Foreshortening, perspective and the distant boats all lend depth to the painting and emphasize the boat carrying Washington.
The people in the boat represent a cross-section of the American colonies, including a man in a Scottish bonnet and a man of African descent facing backward next to each other in the front, western riflemen at the bow and stern, two farmers in broad-brimmed hats near the back (one with bandaged head), and an androgynous rower in a red shirt, possibly meant to be a woman in man's clothing.
The man standing next to Washington and holding the flag is Lieutenant James Monroe, future President of the United States.
Historical inaccuracy.
The painting contains an often-discussed historical inaccuracy: the flag borne in the painting is an anachronism.
The flag depicted is the original flag of the United States (the "Stars and Stripes") of which the design did not exist at the time of Washington's crossing. The flag's design was specified in the June 14, 1777 Flag Resolution of the Second Continental Congress, and flew for the first time on September 3, 1777 well after Washington's crossing in 1776. The historically accurate flag would have been the Grand Union Flag, officially hoisted by Washington himself on January 2, 1776 at Cambridge, Massachusetts, as the standard of the Continental Army and the first national flag.
Artistic concerns motivated further deviations from historical (and physical) accuracy. For example, the boat (of the wrong model) looks too small to carry all occupants and stay afloat, but this emphasizes the struggle of the rowing soldiers. There are phantom light sources besides the upcoming sun, as can be seen on the face of the front rower and shadows on the water, to add depth. The crossing took place in the dead of night, so there ought to have been no natural light at all, but this would have made for a very different painting. The river is modeled after the Rhine, where ice tends to form in crags as pictured, not in broad sheets as is more common on the Delaware. (However, some believe the Delaware river really was frozen over as depicted because of a small ice age that was occurring at the time.) Finally, Washington's stance, obviously intended to depict him in a heroic fashion, would have been very hard to maintain in the stormy conditions of the crossing. Debunkers of the painting's historical accuracy have traditionally said that Washington would have been sitting down; historian David Hackett Fischer has argued, however, that everyone would have been standing up to avoid the icy water in the bottom of the boat (the actual boats used had higher sides).
Related artistic works.
Washington Crossing the Delaware (sonnet) is also the title of a 1936 sonnet by David Schulman. It refers to the scene in the painting, and is a 14-line rhyming sonnet of which every line is an anagram of the title.
References.
See also.
Washington Crossing;
Further reading.
David Hackett Fischer, Washington's Crossing. Oxford University Press, 2004. ISBN 0-19-517034-2. A detailed military history of George Washington's attack on Trenton; the introduction offers a close look at Leutze's painting.
External links.
Introduction to Washington's Crossing by David Hackett Fischer at the Oxford University Press blog.
Errors in the painting from ushistory.org; |
8449942 | KKNS | KKNS-AM (1310 khz) is an American radio station licensed to Corrales, NM serving the Albuquerque metropolitan area. It is owned by El Camino Communications which had purchased the station from Simmons Media Group in early 2007. It started a new Spanish Oldies format in January 2007 as "La 1310".
Station History since 1988
KZRQ-AM Hard Rock/Heavy Metal "Z-Rock" 1988-1992 (moved to 105.1 FM)
KIVA-AM Adult Standards 1992-1999
KBTK-AM Talk "Citytalk" 1999-2003
KKNS-AM News/Talk "News Source 1310" 2003-2005
KKNS-AM Sports Talk "The Ticket" 2005-2007
External Links. |
7193423 | Huining Fu | Huining Fu was a prefecture in the Shangjing region of Manchuria . It served as the first superior capital of the Jin Dynasty (1115-1234) between 1122 to 1234 (and was a secondary capital after 1173) until the capital was moved to Yanjing (now Beijing) in 1153 by Wanyan Liang, the fourth emperor of the dynasty, despite opposition from his ministers.
Ruins of the city were discovered and excavated at present-day Acheng in the Heilongjiang Province of the People's Republic of China. The site of the ruins is a national historic reserve and many of the artifacts found there are on display in nearby Harbin.
Sources.
"Acheng City", Harbin government web site. (Retrieved September 25, 2006).
"Huining, China". PlanetWare, 2006. (Retrieved September 26, 2006).
Jin Hongjui. "The Setting of the Forbidden City and Its Protection". Chinese Association of Cultural Relics Protection. (Retrieved September 28, 2006).
Lu Rucai. "Bejing's 850th Anniversary as National Capital". China Today. December 2003. (Retrieved September 28, 2006).
Theobald, Ulrich. "Chinese History Jinn Dynasty (1115-1234) map and geography". ChinaKnowledge. 2000. (Retrieved September 28, 2006). |
7147932 | Castle of Antoing | The Castle of Antoing is one of Belgium most original and well-known castles. It was first mentioned in the 12th century. Although the castle dates from the 13th and 15th century, it was redesigned in neo-gothic style in the 19th century by the famous French architect Viollet-le-Duc (1814-1879). Other Belgian castles built in such style include Faulx-les-Tombes and La Posterie (in Courriere) both about 15km south of Namur.
The castle of Antoing first belonged to the powerful Melun family, then passed in 1634 to the Princes de Ligne by inheritance. The Ligne family also owns the magnificient castle of Beloeil in the same province. |
6310617 | Cristine Rose | Cristine Rose (born January 31, 1951 in Lynwood, California, USA) is an American actress. She is a graduate of Stanford University. She has also been credited as Christine Rose.
Her acting roles have included 7th Heaven, Charmed, , Star Trek: The Next Generation, Gilmore Girls, Friends, and most recently as Angela Petrelli on Heroes. She has also recently played Ted's (Josh Radnor) mother on How I Met Your Mother.
External links .
;
; |
Subsets and Splits