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If the public were aware that man-made CO2 is so incredibly small there would be very little belief in a climate disaster ... | Rennie 2009 : Claim 1 : Anthropogenic CO2 can't be changing climate, because CO2 is only a trace gas in the atmosphere and the amount produced by humans is dwarfed by the amount from volcanoes and other natural sources. | 1 | [
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Global warming is increasing the risk of heatwaves. | When the volcano sinks back down into the sea, the coral continues to grow, keeping the reef at or above water level. | 0 | [
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The contrast in precipitation between wet and dry regions and between wet and dry seasons will increase, although there may be regional exceptions. | Despite the potential diversity of climates in the ET category involving precipitation, extreme temperatures, and relative wet and dry seasons, this category is rarely subdivided. | 1 | [
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Since the end of 2012, moreover, total polar ice extent has largely remained above the post-1979 average. | Five of the Solomon Islands have disappeared due to the combined effects of sea level rise and stronger trade winds that were pushing water into the Western Pacific. | 0 | [
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“Yet, a new study of 60 climate models and scenarios shows this warning fails to take into account the fact that global warming will mean precipitation increases. | Past models have underestimated the rate of Arctic shrinkage and underestimated the rate of precipitation increase. | 1 | [
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The monetary cost of damages has increased dramatically in recent decades, but that is due to increasing population, wealth and the amount of vulnerable infrastructure. | Losses caused by catastrophes, defined by the property insurance industry as storms causing insured losses over $5 million in the year of occurrence, have grown steadily in the United States from about $100 million annually in the 1950s to $6 billion per year in the 1990s, and the annual number of catastrophes grew from 10 in the 1950s to 35 in the 1990s.” Authors have pointed to several reasons why commercial insurance markets cannot adequately cover risks associated with climate change ( Arrow et al., 1996, p. 72 ). | 1 | [
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Greenland on the whole is losing ice, as confirmed by satellite measurement. | As a result, the modern global record of precipitation largely depends on satellite observations. | 0 | [
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ever since December temperatures in the Arctic have consistently been lower than minus 20 C | For example, an active dose of mescaline, roughly 0.2 to 0.5 g, has effects comparable to 100 µg or less of LSD. | 0 | [
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a new study by a leading climate economist, Richard Tol of the University of Sussex, concludes that warming may well bring gains, because carbon dioxide causes crops and wild ecosystems to grow greener and more drought-resistant. | It may improve productivity by warming the soil, incorporating fertilizer and controlling weeds, but also renders soil more prone to erosion, triggers the decomposition of organic matter releasing CO2, and reduces the abundance and diversity of soil organisms. | 1 | [
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“‘Those eruptions happened relatively early in our study period, which pushed down temperatures in the first part of the dataset, which caused the overall record to show an exaggerated warming trend,’ Christy said. | Observations and modelling studies indicate that there is a net positive feedback to warming. | 0 | [
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Extreme high temperatures were seen from India — where the city of Phalodi recorded temperatures of 51 degrees Celsius (123.8 Fahrenheit) in May, a new national record — to Iran, where a temperature of 53 degrees Celsius (127.4 F) was recorded in Delhoran on July 22. | It may have had water oceans in the past, but these would have vaporized as the temperature rose due to a runaway greenhouse effect. | 0 | [
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His best estimate is that the warming in response to a doubling of CO2 concentration, which may happen this century unless the usual suspects get away with shutting down the economies of the West, will be a harmless 1 Fahrenheit degree, not the 6 F predicted by the IPCC." | In 2019 the National Bureau of Economic Research found that increase in average global temperature by 0.04 °C per year, in absence of mitigation policies, will reduce world real GDP per capita by 7.22% by 2100. | 0 | [
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Water vapor is the most powerful greenhouse gas | Crudely extrapolating, the petition supporters include a core of about 200 climate researchers – a respectable number, though rather a small fraction of the climatological community. | 0 | [
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Scientists have known for some time, from multiple lines of evidence, that humans are changing Earth’s climate, primarily through greenhouse gas emissions. | Ruse, Bulgaria hit 36.6 °C (97.9 °F) on the 13th making it the warmest spot in Europe. | 0 | [
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Recent studies agree that recent global temperatures are unprecedented in the last 1000 years. | International Council of Academies of Engineering and Technological Sciences (CAETS) in 2007, issued a Statement on Environment and Sustainable Growth: As reported by the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC), most of the observed global warming since the mid-20th century is very likely due to human-produced emission of greenhouse gases and this warming will continue unabated if present anthropogenic emissions continue or, worse, expand without control. | 0 | [
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[ … ] Constant 24-7 media coverage of every significant storm worldwide just makes it seem that way.” | Radican's ROH Respect Is Earned Report 7 / 20 : ongoing virtual time coverage of PPV. | 1 | [
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Scientists used to think that ice sheets could take millennia to respond to changing climates | There is growing evidence that our climate is changing. | 1 | [
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The Massachusetts Bay Colony in 1635 experienced a Category 3 or 4 storm, with up to a 20-foot storm surge. | Meanwhile, deep ocean temperatures were as much as 15 to 20 °C (27 to 36 °F) warmer than today's. | 0 | [
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Humans survived past climate changes | The character of late-glacial and post-glacial climatic changes. | 1 | [
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The Conservatives' recent budget made no mention of climate change. | The opposition Conservative Party supported the concept of a bill, and proposed their own variation ahead of the Government's. | 1 | [
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'Antarctic sea ice set a new record in October 2007, as photographs distributed by the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration showed penguins and other cold-weather creatures able to stand farther north on Southern Hemisphere sea ice than has ever been recorded. | Increased melting of Arctic ice since 2007 enables ships to travel the Northwest Passage for some weeks in summertime, avoiding the longer routes via the Suez Canal or the Panama Canal. | 1 | [
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A variety of different measurements find steadily rising sea levels over the past century. | Between 1993 and 2017, the global mean sea level rose on average by 3.1 ± 0.3 mm per year, with an acceleration detected as well. | 1 | [
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Discovery Of Massive Volcanic CO2 Emissions Discredits Global Warming Theory | The eruptions would also have emitted carbon dioxide, causing global warming. | 1 | [
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Protecting and restoring forests would reduce 18% of emissions by 2030 | Public concern over global warming and support for climate policy-making in the US is low relative to other nations (see Chapter 10, this volume), contributing to inaction by the US government. | 0 | [
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You're going to have an increase in the amount of ice in Antarctica because of global warming. | Readings of 976.0 millibars (28.82 inHg) were recorded in Tallahassee, Florida, and even lower readings of 960.0 millibars (28.35 inHg) were observed in New England. | 0 | [
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Mars, Triton, Pluto and Jupiter all show global warming, pointing to the Sun as the dominating influence in determining climate throughout the solar system. | As Neptune orbits the Sun, Triton's polar regions take turns facing the Sun, resulting in seasonal changes as one pole, then the other, moves into the sunlight. | 1 | [
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President Donald Trump sent a video message to Belgian citizens criticizing their government for being part of the Paris Climate Change Agreement. | The water vapor causes cooling on the land surface, causes heating where it condenses, acts a strong greenhouse gas, and can increase albedo when it condenses into clouds. | 0 | [
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Volcanoes, solar variations, clouds, methane, aerosols - these all change the way energy enters and / or leaves our climate. | Solid and liquid particles known as aerosols – from volcanoes, plankton, and human-made pollutants – reflect incoming sunlight, cooling the climate. | 1 | [
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Without carbon dioxide, all life on Earth would die | Carbon dioxide in the Earth's atmosphere is essential to life and to most of the planetary biosphere. | 1 | [
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Global warming is increasing the risk of heatwaves. | Since the 1950s, droughts and heat waves have appeared simultaneously with increasing frequency. | 1 | [
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Germany managed to increase its use of renewables and its output of carbon dioxide at the same time -- because it resorted to cheap coal to keep the lights on at a price its people could afford. | Malaysia has had one of the best economic records in Asia, with GDP growing an average 6.5 per cent annually from 1957 to 2005. | 0 | [
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Because the collapse of vulnerable parts of the ice sheet could raise the sea level dramatically, the continued existence of the world’s great coastal cities — Miami, New York, Shanghai and many more — is tied to Antarctica’s fate. | The lead scientist Eric Rignot told CNN : melting is taking place in the most vulnerable parts of Antarctica ... parts that hold the potential for multiple meters of sea level rise in the coming century or two. | 1 | [
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Renewable energy investment kills jobs | Snow was reported in some parts of eastern Ohio and south of Cleveland. | 0 | [
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The data suggests solar activity is influencing the global climate causing the world to get warmer." | The main negative feedback comes from the Stefan–Boltzmann law, the amount of heat radiated from the Earth into space changes with the fourth power of the temperature of Earth's surface and atmosphere. | 0 | [
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The connection between the vanishing Arctic ice and extreme summer weather in the northern hemisphere is probable, according to scientists, but not yet as certain as the winter link. | While the full implications of elevated CO2 on marine ecosystems are still being documented, there is a substantial body of research showing that a combination of ocean acidification and elevated ocean temperature, driven mainly by CO2 and other greenhouse gas emissions, have a compounded effect on marine life and the ocean environment. | 0 | [
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Volcanoes have been relatively frequent and if anything, have exerted a cooling effect. | Inland glaciers have had a generally negative mass balance, whereby during the 1990s, maritime glaciers showed a positive mass balance and advanced. | 0 | [
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Or the news from Antarctica this past May, when a crack in an ice shelf grew 11 miles in six days, then kept going; the break now has just three miles to go — by the time you read this, it may already have met the open water, where it will drop into the sea one of the biggest icebergs ever, a process known poetically as ‘calving.’ | Four days later, they found their way into open water and were hoping that they would have a clear passage to their destination. | 1 | [
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Arctic sea ice has shrunk by an area equal to Western Australia, and summer or multi-year sea ice might be all gone within a decade. | The seven sources of CO 2 from fossil fuel combustion are (with percentage contributions for 2000–2004): Carbon dioxide, methane, nitrous oxide (N 2O) and three groups of fluorinated gases (sulfur hexafluoride (SF 6), hydrofluorocarbons (HFCs), and perfluorocarbons (PFCs)) are the major anthropogenic greenhouse gases, and are regulated under the Kyoto Protocol international treaty, which came into force in 2005. | 0 | [
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"[T]he influence of so-called greenhouse gases on near-surface temperature - is not yet absolutely proven. | The burning of fossil fuels produces around 21.3 billion tonnes (21.3 gigatonnes) of carbon dioxide (CO2) per year. | 0 | [
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Sea-level rise does not seem to depend on ocean temperature, and certainly not on CO2 | Loschmidt's paradox, also known as the reversibility paradox, is the objection that it should not be possible to deduce an irreversible process from the time-symmetric dynamics that describe the microscopic evolution of a macroscopic system. | 0 | [
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Arctic, Antarctic and Greenland ice loss is accelerating due to global warming. | In two cases, the Information Commissioner's Office (ICO) issued decisions on appeals of Freedom of Information (FOI) requests which had been turned down by the university. | 0 | [
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Scientists used to think that ice sheets could take millennia to respond to changing climates | [citation needed] The Holocene climatic optimum (HCO) was a period of warming in which the global climate became warmer. | 0 | [
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The winds around the continent seem to be strengthening, stirring the ocean and bringing up a layer of warmer water that has most likely been there for centuries. | Within the Atlantic Ocean vertical wind shear is increased, which inhibits tropical cyclone genesis and intensification, by causing the westerly winds in the atmosphere to be stronger. | 1 | [
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We now know that the planetary energy balance is determined by the upper levels of the troposphere and that the saturation of the absorption at the central frequency does not preclude the possibility to absorb more energy. | The reason for this temperature difference is that the ground absorbs most of the sun's energy, which then heats the lower levels of the atmosphere with which it is in contact. | 1 | [
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Tuvalu sea level isn't rising | Sea level rise since 1990 was underestimated in older models, but now agrees well with observations. | 0 | [
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The most recent satellite data show that the earth as a whole is warming. | The last time the Earth was 2 °C ( 3.6 °F ) warmer than pre-industrial temperatures, sea levels were at least 5 metres ( 16 ft ) higher than now : this was when warming because of changes in the amount of sunlight due to slow changes in the Earth's orbit caused the last interglacial. | 1 | [
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the models predicted seven times as much warming as has been observed | A two-day-long heat wave hit the more rural parts of Texas on July 1. | 0 | [
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IPCC report warning last week the world is “nowhere near on track” to meet its Paris commitments | In 2015 the Paris Agreement was adopted, governing emission reductions from 2020 on through commitments of countries in Nationally Determined Contributions ( NDCs ), with a view of lowering the target to 1.5 °C. | 1 | [
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The past shows that climate change is normal, that warmer times and more atmospheric carbon dioxide have driven biodiversity and that cold times kill.” | Increasing atmospheric carbon dioxide certainly affects plant morphology and is acidifying oceans, and temperature affects species ranges, phenology, and weather, but, mercifully, the major impacts that have been predicted are still potential futures. | 1 | [
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However, it is unable to explain the long term warming trend over the past few decades. | Since the last glacial maximum about 20,000 years ago, the sea level has risen by more than 125 metres (410 ft), with rates varying from less than a mm/year to 40+ mm/year, as a result of melting ice sheets over Canada and Eurasia. | 0 | [
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The authors seem to have jumped right into statistical analysis without proposing a physical mechanism that works. | The washability analysis is widely known in bulk material analysis, where the specific density is the physical property describing the liberation and the separation results, which is then in the form of the partition curve. | 1 | [
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“The jet stream forms a boundary between the cold north and the warmer south, but the lower temperature difference means the winds are now weaker. | The target is to show the extent of danger to humanity, create awareness in public that will lead to solutions. | 0 | [
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Different areas of science are understood with varying degrees of certainty. | There is a scientific consensus that climate is changing and that greenhouse gases emitted by human activities are the primary driver. | 0 | [
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roughly three-quarters of the tidal flood days now occurring in towns along the East Coast would not be happening in the absence of the rise in the sea level caused by human emissions. | Between 1993 and 2017, the global mean sea level rose on average by 3.1 ± 0.3 mm per year, with an acceleration detected as well. | 0 | [
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Tallahassee reduced its carbon intensity by roughly 40 percent. | Release of methane and carbon dioxide stored in permafrost could cause abrupt and severe global warming, as they are potent greenhouse gases. | 0 | [
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A 14 August 1912 article from a New Zealand newspaper contained a brief story about how burning coal might produce future warming by adding carbon dioxide to the atmosphere. | Stabenow's proposed amendment to keep the Environmental Protection Agency from regulating greenhouse gas emissions for two years also drew criticism. | 0 | [
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That model predicted that global temperature between 1988 and 1997 would rise by 0.45°C ( Figure 1 ). | Over the same time period, the likely range ( greater than 66% probability, based on expert judgement ) for these scenarios was for a global mean temperature increase of 1.1 to 6.4 °C. | 1 | [
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CO2 is increasing rapidly, and is reaching levels not seen on the earth for millions of years. | The results of a recent review of the literature concluded that as greenhouse gas (GHG) emitters begin to be held liable for damages resulting from GHG emissions resulting in climate change, a high value for liability mitigation would provide powerful incentives for deployment of renewable energy technologies. | 0 | [
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Medieval Warm Period was warmer than the climate warming today. | Australia's climate has warmed by more than one degree Celsius over the past century, causing an increase in the frequency and intensity of heatwaves and droughts. | 0 | [
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The U.S. has also witnessed increasing numbers of intense rainfall events. | The low-level surface trade winds, which normally blow from east to west along the equator, either weaken or start blowing from the other direction. | 0 | [
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Greenpeace didn’t save the whales, switching from whale oil to petroleum and palm oil did | Brands cannot let this deception pass unchallenged and have no choice but to suspend all business with Wilmar until it can prove it only trades clean palm oil from responsible producers. | 1 | [
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Without carbon dioxide, all life on Earth would die | Plants, algae and cyanobacteria use light energy to photosynthesize carbohydrate from carbon dioxide and water, with oxygen produced as a waste product. | 1 | [
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The long term warming trend indicates the total energy in the Earth's climate system is increasing due to an energy imbalance. | An imbalance in the Earth radiation budget requires components of the climate system to change temperature over time. | 1 | [
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A subsequent study by Dessler (2011) found that Spencer's paper was not a test of climate sensitivity or feedbacks, and his assumptions do not match empirical observational data. | In 2019, a study projected that in low emission scenario, sea level will rise 30 centimeters by 2050 and 69 centimetres by 2100, relatively to the level in 2000. | 0 | [
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Thanks to a rapid rebound in recent months, global sea ice levels now equal those seen 29 years ago, when the year 1979 also drew to a close. | Due to the high viscosity of the Earth's mantle, the flow of mantle rocks which controls the rebound process is very slow—at a rate of about 1 cm / year near the center of rebound area today. | 1 | [
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There is no single continuous satellite measurement of Total Solar Irradiance ( TSI ). | Total solar irradiance ( TSI ) – the amount of solar radiation received at the top of Earth's atmosphere – has been measured since 1978 by a series of overlapping NASA and ESA satellite experiments to be 1.365 kilowatts per square meter ( kW / m² ). | 1 | [
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“Sea level rise, which was occurring long before humans could be blamed, has not accelerated and still amounts to only 1 inch every ten years. | The four largest, Ganymede, Callisto, Io, and Europa, show similarities to the terrestrial planets, such as volcanism and internal heating. | 0 | [
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Often the compensatory cooling, known as La Niña, is larger than the El Niño warming.” | The rate of the decline in entire Arctic ice coverage is accelerating. | 0 | [
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We note that the Earth has never in its history had a quasi-stable state that is around 2C warmer than the preindustrial and suggest that there is substantial risk that the system, itself, will ‘want’ to continue warming because of all of these other processes – even if we stop emissions,” she said. | A concern is that self-reinforcing feedbacks will lead to a tipping point, where global temperatures transition to a hothouse climate state even if greenhouse gas emissions are reduced or eliminated. | 1 | [
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unadjusted data suggests that temperatures in Australia have only increased by 0.3 degrees over the past century, not the 1 degree usually claimed | Australia's extreme heat is sign of things to come, scientists warn. | 1 | [
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There was, he said, an ‘inherent bias’ in scientific journals which predisposed them to publish ‘doom and gloom stories’. | Based on orbital models, the cooling trend initiated about 6,000 years ago will continue for another 23,000 years. | 0 | [
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according, again, to the official figures—during this past 10 years, if anything, mean global temperature, average world temperature, has slightly declined. | They judge that global mean surface air temperature has increased by 0.3 to 0.6 °C over the last 100 years, broadly consistent with prediction of climate models, but also of the same magnitude as natural climate variability. | 0 | [
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The IPCC 95% confidence that humans are responsible for most of the current global warming is simply a summary of the peer-reviewed scientific research. | "Atmospheric concentrations of carbon dioxide, methane, and nitrous oxide have increased to levels unprecedented in at least the last 800,000 years." | 0 | [
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temperatures rise and they fall, and they rise and they fall… and for the last 400 years we’ve had a gentle warming as we’ve been coming out of the little ice age. | Then over millions of years the heat and pressure of deep burial causes the loss of water, methane and carbon dioxide and an increase in the proportion of carbon. | 0 | [
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Earth about to enter 30-YEAR ‘Mini Ice Age’ | The reflection of energy into space resulted in a global cooling, triggering the Pleistocene Ice Age. | 0 | [
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Burping cows are more damaging to the climate than all the cars on this planet. | Most environmentally related taxes with implications for greenhouse gas emissions in OECD countries are levied on energy products and motor vehicles, rather than on CO2 emissions directly. | 1 | [
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94 percent of the carbon emissions which you so want to get rid of are caused by nature. | Total anthropogenic emissions at the end of 2009 were estimated at 49.5 gigatonnes CO 2-equivalent. | 1 | [
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Now scientists are telling us that Mars is experiencing its own planetary warming: Martian warming. | The resultant molecular oxygen (O 2) accumulated in the atmosphere and due to interaction with ultraviolet solar radiation, formed a protective ozone layer (O 3) in the upper atmosphere. | 0 | [
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[ … ]You can think of global warming as one type of climate change. | NASA's Global Climate Change. | 1 | [
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This means the jet stream meanders more, with big loops bringing warm air to the frozen north and cold air into warmer southern climes.” | According to the UK Met Office, the jet stream deviated[ clarification needed ] to the south ( bringing cold air with it ) as a result of unusual contrast between cold air in Canada and mild winter temperatures in the United States. | 1 | [
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Humans survived past climate changes | "A 40-y record reveals gradual Antarctic sea ice increases followed by decreases at rates far exceeding the rates seen in the Arctic". | 0 | [
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The climate-change agreement between the United States and China requires the Chinese to do nothing at all for 16 years. | On June 1, 2017, United States President Donald Trump announced that the U.S. would cease all participation in the 2015 Paris Agreement on climate change mitigation. | 1 | [
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Climate change need not endanger anyone” | Greenpeace claims that ALEC has received $525,858 from Koch foundations between 2005 and 2011. | 0 | [
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The tax-payer funded National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration ( NOAA ) has become mired in fresh global warming data scandal involving numbers for the Great Lakes region that substantially ramp up averages. | Feds close 600 weather stations amid criticism they're situated to report warming. | 1 | [
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Within a decade, certain kinds of branching and plate coral could be extinct, reef scientists say, along with a variety of small fish that rely on them for protection from predators. | Swordfish are teleosts Rose fish are also teleosts Eels are teleosts too So are seahorses Some of the shortest-lived species are gobies, which are small coral reef–dwelling fish. | 1 | [
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This means it is possible that by some yardsticks, 2016 will be declared as hot as 2015 or even slightly hotter – because El Nino did not vanish until the middle of the year. | A 2013 study found that significant climatic changes were associated with a higher risk of conflict worldwide, and predicted that "amplified rates of human conflict could represent a large and critical social impact of anthropogenic climate change in both low- and high-income countries." | 0 | [
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Australia has more solar coverage than any other continent. | The ice sheets increase Earth's reflectivity and thus reduce the absorption of solar radiation. | 1 | [
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The IPCC no longer includes the ‘Hockey stick’ chart in its reports. | The IPCC has published five comprehensive assessment reports reviewing the latest climate science, as well as a number of special reports on particular topics. | 1 | [
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A number of independent studies using near-global satellite data find positive feedback and high climate sensitivity. | Observations and modelling studies indicate that there is a net positive feedback to warming. | 1 | [
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Melting of Arctic sea ice and polar icecaps is not occurring at unnatural rates and does not constitute evidence of a human impact on the climate. | Although much less polluting than coal plants, natural gas-fired power plants are also major emitters. | 0 | [
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2009-2010 winter saw record cold spells. | In Europe, the winters of early 1947, February 1956, 1962–1963, 1981–1982 and 2009–2010 were abnormally cold. | 1 | [
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Numerous studies into the effect of urban heat island effect and microsite influences find they have negligible effect on long-term trends, particularly when averaged over large regions. | While some lines of research did not detect a significant impact, other studies have concluded that heat islands can have measurable effects on climate phenomena at the global scale. | 1 | [
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If there is a cloud cover, the heat is trapped by water vapour as a greenhouse gas and the temperature stays quite warm. | Throughout the daytime, particularly when the skies are cloudless, urban surfaces are warmed by the absorption of solar radiation. | 1 | [
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'Global warming' and 'climate change' mean different things and have both been used for decades. | As the ice melts it lowers the albedo thus causing more heat to be absorbed by the Earth and further increase the amount of melting ice. | 0 | [
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Harvard study finds that wind turbines create MORE global warming than the fossil fuels they eliminate | Over 1,500 tons of carbon dioxide per year can be eliminated by using a one-megawatt turbine instead of one megawatt of energy from a fossil fuel. | 1 | [
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Marine life has nothing whatsoever to fear from ocean acidification.” | "Entire nation of Kiribati to be relocated over rising sea level threat". | 0 | [
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During the period 1940 to 1976 there was a cooling of the climate despite increasing CO2 levels. | Philosophical skepticism (UK spelling: scepticism; from Greek σκέψις skepsis, "inquiry") is a philosophical school of thought that questions the possibility of certainty in knowledge. | 0 | [
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CO2 limits won't cool the planet, but they can make the difference between continued accelerating global warming to catastrophic levels vs. slowing and eventually stopping the warming at hopefully safe levels. | One of the targets that has been suggested is to limit the future increase in global mean temperature ( global warming ) to below 2 °C, relative to the pre-industrial level. | 1 | [
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