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Our military is rapidly mobilizing and purchasing new equipments. New Drones, warplanes, helicopters, and many more. WIth tensions all time high with both our neighbour, we are coming closer to the reality of war. This maybe a election tactics of our goverment or genuine treat by the chinese who have plans to conqure taiwan and south china sea. Should we be worried? and even if go to war, will we support the government?

Are there any people who moved abroad (based on education or job offers) who are Non-Tech. I see huge number of people flourishing abroad in tech careers but what about the rest of us who don't belong in that sector? How did you move? What was the process? How are you liking it so far? How would you compare your life in India to that of abroad? Want to hear about people we can relate to as well.

Video 1: https://mobile.twitter.com/judedavid21/status/1441745218517147656 Video 2: https://mobile.twitter.com/zubair_manhas01/status/1441645534159118336 Video 3: https://mobile.twitter.com/Sanginamby/status/1441602133569064967 Video 4: https://mobile.twitter.com/unknwnn_girl/status/1441299749479407627 Edit- Video 5: (this one is pure cringe) https://mobile.twitter.com/aajtak/status/1441452541288452098

pretty much the title. I need one that doesn't ask me to submit Aadhaar card but I'll be happy to submit any other documents like Voter ID, PAN.

Just out of curiosity, how crazy it is to navigate through our roads without knowing to ride a 2-wheeler? Considering all roads from metros to villages. :)

Used Ola for the first time to book a ride for my grandmother for a doctor's appointment and told her to call me after the ride is over. Plan was to just pay via UPI/PayTM, because apparently you can't pay for it before the ride has started. To my surprise, you can't pay for a ride via online methods, AFTER the ride is over. Excuse me, what the actual fuck? I had to negotiate with my driver to try to pay via UPI or PayTM, but apparently there was something wrong with his account, so he couldn't receive the payment. Ultimately had to ask my grand mother to pay him, which has left me embarrassed. ​ I do not understand why such a system is not already in place. I didn't imagine this would be a problem, until it turned out to be. Immediately uninstalled the app and now I'm back to using Uber. Good fucking riddance.

Will be studying in the UK and from the US, big fan of indian food(well i know it’s a broad category) , but want to know the key differences just beforehand!

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So I'm going down this route and getting a HT soon. I have diffuse thinning and a receded hairline (too insecure to post pics on the net). I've decided to go to Eugenix and get it done. I was wondering if there was anyone from this sub who has a bad experience with Eugenix or something I should know about them before I go in and get it done there. PS: I know a shaved head looks good and I kinda rock the look as well but I'm doing this for myself and no one else so I kinda don't want that look.

I know it is a wholesale price, but some sellers do sell a "sample" piece. Has anyone bought it like that from them? Importantly, are they good quality products?

Me and my friend are got quite close these past couple of months... unfortunately she and I are gonna move out to different colleges to pursue our careers. I grew to like her...her open mindedness , sassy personality and values mixes so well with mine and I could tell she liked me quite a bit too Like the **title** of this post suggest that I am gonna tell my friend that I am gonna date her **after I manage to land a job, after I no longer need to keep dating in secret from my parents**.... **I am not gonna ask her to wait for me** but I would like to tell her if by chance when we happen to cross paths again and if both of us were single...I would like to go out with her, I wanna make my intentions known..... anything can change in 5 years **it's a very long time** so I have pretty low expectations. Is it the right move? or it will doomed our friendship?

So I recently bought a MacBook with student discount which gave me free AirPods. I don't like the design of these AirPods and also that it is was a heavy investment, thus, wanted to sell them. I was wondering if I could sell them at ₹10000 (negotiable) on OLX or Quickr since new airpods are sold at 13000 on Amazon. The airpods are brand new. Not even unboxed. Images of the Product - http://imgur.com/gallery/yEGGg9i

Found the Pass2U Wallet app but it's too finicky and I don't understand half of what it wants me to do.

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What are some items that were pretty much in use in the earlier days but not now is obsolete?

I'm pondering about how my social life has changed through the course of the pandemic. I am 21, graduated college, which was in Pune, in July. I had a decent amount of friends throughout all stages of my life, school, junior college, college etc. and always had something to do with them. I was the closest to my uni friends in these recent years, roommates from hostel etc. had a lot of fun with them. But, after graduating college, a lot of us parted ways and I don't have any close friends left in my hometown which is a tier-3 city. I still meet up with my school + junior college friends, but I just don't "vibe" with them as I did before. It doesn't feel like a fun time tbh. After graduating uni, I thought I'd get to meet a lot of new people through work/acquaintances/colleagues/new roomies etc, but no. Everything is online, I'm not in Pune, I live in a town where most of the crowd is not "modern" (sorry that's the best word I could think of). I'm not sure how to meet new people now! Gosh, it was so easy in uni. I don't have a really good friend who lives in my town, and the weekends are starting to feel boring. What would you guys suggest? I was thinking of going to a gym/badminton club to lose some pounds and meet some new people while at it, but from what I've seen at my past gym, people don't socialize a ton, they just do their routines and go home. Any better ideas than this? TL;DR: Moved to home town cuz covid, no really close friends. What do?

The rules are a bit confusing - on the website it says foreign spouses married for at least two years to an Indian national are eligible to apply. However, in one of the exceptions it rules out prior citizens of Pakistan or Bangladesh, or children/grandchildren/great grandchildren of prior citizens of Pakistan or Bangladesh are not eligible. Maybe I'm just daft but does this exception apply more for non-spouses of Indian citizens with pakistani heritage or does it also apply to spouses? A follow up question - if the said spouse can't get an OCI card do they have to apply for a visa every time they were to visit India? Thank you xx

A person taking a power nap at around 5 pm for a sec he fell that he went 30 year back and got a same smell n feeling that actually was 30 years long back ..It's is time travel .. or just a feel

I'm planning to apply but I'm not sure about my chances. I'm looking to get in with a scholarship and I plan to apply to HKU,HKUST and City U. Got 92% overall in Class 10th and 93% in Class 11th in PCMB. Hope someone can share their experience. Thanks!

So I'm currently in severe debt due to some stupid decisions made in helping my brother, which currently stands at around ₹1550000. Before you ask, I'll link this post to an update on the reason for this debt, but right now I need advice on a query: What's the best state to settle in after I get married? For context 1. My brother's in Hyderabad, and I wish not to live in the same city for the sake of my mental sanity as well as my father's 2. I will be getting married later in 2022 3. I am expecting funds that will clear this debt and leave me debt free from the ones I made since 2019. 4. I'm already working on applying for a higher paying job that will help me get my life back on track, but for the moment, it's in Hyderabad. So I'll be working for a year there. 5. I'm planning a business with the same funds in the city I'm requesting you guys to advise. Hence I'm asking on a professional, residential and living perspective (night life, activity, etc) where it's best to settle after getting married. Me and my dad wish to stay away from my brother and his wife since they're very unsavory people and they could bully or emotionally blackmail us into giving them more money, and worse, brainwash my future wife against me. So help me guys?

I am not sure what's wrong with Indian businesses. All of them keep on spamming me everyday. Most frequent ones are Bajaj Capital, Icici Bank, Bank Bazaar. Do you guys also face similar issues?

I am a high school student and I've been thinking of buying a tablet to help in my studies, I wanted to know if we're allowed to take notes digitally during classes in the future....

On a serious note, how much a maid, a person who cleans, does dusting, brings a glass of water etc. Earns in a billionaires' house in India... let's say like working for someone like Ambani, SRK ETC. And what can i do to get that position?

Hi I'm from Germany and I'm visiting friends in Pakistan and will be there for 10 days. I'll be mostly in Islamabad. I also have a very close friend in Srinagar (India) whom I'd like to visit - especially given how close Islamabad and Srinagar are. Now most people have told me that it's impossible to cross the border and that realistically I can't go to India from Pakistan. Can anyone advise if it might be possible? Thanks!

Hi. Idk if this will get approved but it's worth a shot. I have to attend wedding function of a close relative of my family even though I don't want to. So, I just don't have the energy or motivation to do shopping. My family is close to them so I do have to look good. Please suggest me some good stuff to wear on the day if Baarat, reception and a casual meet up of families. It's a bigger than average Hindu wedding so I'd prefer ethnic wear but western or maybe a mix of them will also do. I am a 5'6'' guy with 90kgs on me with a round belly and not really a build physique. Basically an average medium height fat guy.

Over the course of the last 2 years or so, at least according to media, hate crimes have been rising in india towards Muslims, and it’s rare to see an individual with Muslim background in top official positions. Is it just the media or the new reality? Does this maybe have to do anything with rising levels of religion motivated terrorism in neighbouring Pakistan and rising levels of hate crimes against Hindus in Bangladesh? (I’m not exhibiting my personal views in any way, I’m only looking for honest opinions to feed my curiosity)

Hi, 19 year old male here. Going to Ukraine for undergraduate medicine course by October last week. University's official contactor said that students have to carry 2000 dollars during travel to pay fees for Temporary Residence card, Covid Insurance, Medical insurance, hostel fees and some miscellaneous purchases (excludes tuition fees). My dad is reluctant to give me 2000 dollars in cash, so the representative said that I can carry a prepaid dollar card too, having a balance of 2000 dollars rather than carrying paper cash. What I want to know is where can I apply for this card, what all documents are needed to apply and how exactly does the system work. Can I only apply for this type of card through bank or is there an company which provides a card? Note: Some people might have doubt that why I have to do payment in US dollars when the currency of Ukraine is Hryvnia (UAH). Tuition fees and hostel fees is supposed to be paid in US dollars (per year combined fees is RS. 4.3-4.5 lakhs, varying upon US dollar's value), also Hryvnia isn't safe to be carried by a student while travelling. US dollars and Euros are easily exchanged in Ukraine unlike other currencies. Thank you in advance.

I'm filling the ITR on my mother's behalf for 2020-21. She had some tax liability so I paid the money. Now when I'm filling the challan details (BCR code, date of deposit etc), I'm getting [this](https://ibb.co/PrJhpMb) weird date error that says "**Date of Deposit cannot be prior to 01-04-2020**". **My date of payment is 12-09-2021**. How is it prior to 01-04-2020? I tried calling on the 'Contact Us' numbers on the website, nobody is picking up. I made a tweet and tagged the IT dept. but didn't get any resolution. I also emailed orm@cpc.incometax.gov.in on the advice of an office senior but again, no reply. What else can I do now?

There are hundreds of celebrities and hundreds of politicians in India. Their bday comes every year. Given there are 365 days in a year, there’s hardly a week that doesn’t have a celebrity birthday. Whenever there’s such a birthday, the whole social media goes crazy about wishing these big shots, then our useless Indian news channels also follow those tweets and make them news headlines of their own (talking about real issues is just not their thing). On these “super fast news” segments, first twenty news will be about A wishing PM bday, B wishing PM bday and so on. This feels incredibly stupid. Then there will be news like PM didn’t wish Yogi on his bday, so something’s up. What the hell? We also have Kejriwal who from his official Twitter handle tweets birthday wishes for those who are alive, birthday wishes for those who are deceased (jayanti), birthday wishes for every Tom Dick and Harry. I mean it’s not just a North Indian phenomenon. South India also does its stuff. Their film producers would align the trailer launch or the film’s release date with the star’s bday and the poster would literally scream “Happy Birthday Superstar X”. AND THIS REPEATS EVERY YEAR. In other parts of the world you wouldn’t normally see a bunch of Hollywood celebrities tweeting Britney Spears for her birthday or Donald Trump for that matter. So what’s up with our obsession for celebrity birthdays?

Is it possible for a resultant personality due to multiple personality disorder to develop multiple personality disorder? Like a 2nd or a 3rd order derivative personalities. Has this ever happened? If yes, how many levels?

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How and where one can change address reflected on income tax assessment order ? I can not find any information online. It says at some places to change in PAN, how my pan has address on it.

I have noticed that Bengali women have been shown in bad light on TV shows, movies and the media for a long time. They are always depicted as sultry and characterless and in roles like gold digging prostitutes etc. For example, Chanda from Paatal Lok, the politician lady in Mirzapur, the second wife in Gangs of Wasseypur, and the list goes on. Not to mention the Rhea Chakraborty incident. As a Bengali myself, I find this offensive. Why are Bengali women targeted so much?

Around 39.5% weight in NIFTY is for banking/financial stocks. Whereas only 16% is Banking/Fin for dow jones index. Even the trading volume of banking stocks is very high in Indian markets. What's causing this? What is fundamentally different about Indian markets/traders/conditions that's causing this? What can we expect/infer from this?

UGC approvals. Gandhi Institute of Technology and Management has UGC approval but AIIMS (All India Medical Institute of Medical Sciences) doesn't seem to have it. Why? NAAC accreditations. On the [official NAAC website](http://www.naac.gov.in/2-uncategorised/32-accreditation-status), when we try to figure out if NLUs (National Law Universities) in India are NAAC accredited or not, it seems like they are not. But when you go the [official website of NLU Delhi](https://nludelhi.ac.in/news2.aspx?id=106#:~:text=We%20are%20delighted%20to%20share,have%20undergone%20accreditation%20from%20NAAC.), there it's stated that it has NAAC accreditation along with one another NLU. Private universities and institutes. Should they be avoided at all times? What about deemed to be universities? How is it determined if an university or an institute in India is a good one or not?

I'm an engineer student battling depression, anxiety and financial crisis, all at once. I urgently need a job to at least support myself financially. I thought BPO would be a good choice, at it doesn't need much skills except English and some computer skills, which I have. But I don't know where and how to start. So I would be of great if someone would help me out. I'm in currently in Pune.

Hello. I'm looking to buy a new apartment in the Delhi-NCR area (If that even matters?), and I'm a first time home buyer. I don't know a single thing about what to look out for, as far as apartments or housing societies go. I'd really appreciate advice from any seniors in this subreddit.

My pal and I have been friends for 20 years , he's a distant relative so we knew each other since we were lil kids. Went to the same school , hostel, colleges Thing is, he's a bordeine narcissistic , lasy and has huge ego issues. He's a expert in manipulation ,He can Swindle you to into selling your underware if you just met him. But He helped me through my hostel days , I didn't have much, so obviously I owed him a bit. After graduating he didn't want to work because of some superiority complex, he went into business burned through his cash when covid hit. Few months ago he bought a sports bike for 3 or 4L , out thr blue . He doesn't have the money , he doesn't have a job. Just shaddy business that he doesn't disclose. It's a months or something payment setup. Every month he drops by and emotionally manipulate me into giving him some money to pay off the monthly installments If he was just anyone I would habe told them to gtfo . I'm not expecting my money nor am I asking him to , I've told him multiple times that I can't keep lending him line this, I have bills n shit, it pisses me off that he would rather manipulate his friends for money rather than getting a job. Even told him to get a job , he bluntly spurt our that unless it's paying 65k he's not interested. Asked me to search for him, (Who in their right mind would hire a someone in entry level job , with 5 years gap , shitty accademic record for 65k????) I'm borderline done with his bs, Its not even the money it's the ßhitty feeling like I've been used. I would lend him like 3l once Nd not expect it back , but they month ... I think it's ruined our friendship , it's almost end of the month Im pretty sure he's going to call again to a bar or something sell me a sob story while we are half drunk.

I was trying to reuse this salvaged laptop LCD display as a monitor and watched a video/read some articles on how to do it. All the procedures I watched required me to to have an "HDMI controller board". I found this [HDMI DVI VGA Controller Board DIY Kit For N141I1 L03 N141I3 L02 1280x800 LCD Panel|control board lcd|control panel boardcontrol circuit board - AliExpress](https://www.aliexpress.com/item/32642651355.html) Is this what I'm looking for? Unfortunately, AliExpress won't deliver to my address. Further, I found one on eBay. It won't deliver to my address either. I found one on Amazon as well. But that one has been "currently unavailable" for the past 5 months. Question 1. Does there exist something like a universal HDMI controller board that I could hope to find? Question 2. Is my specific model cross compatible with some other model's controller board that I could hope to find? Question 3. Does someone know of some website, that I may not have checked, where this might be available? Thanks to everyone in advance.

Earlier in the 80s and 90s there were many sci fi shows on tv, most likely on DD. For instance space sigma, captain vyom etc. There were also american shows that were dubbed in hindi like giant robo, street hawk, small wonder. And also numerous shows were about science and getting more kids interested in it. There's nothing like that on today's TV. I'm not talking about OTT services here. In my opinion, I think it all went down when private channels came into the picture, what are your thoughts??

Suppose you want to do engineering, and you look for engineering colleges in the country. And you probably never notice that all the colleges have one thing common, and that is the format of education. All use the exactly same format of course (almost). Which means you don't have choice of format of education. No matter which college you go to, you have to follow the same format everywhere. In schools, we have some freedom regarding this as we have several boards, such as ICSE, CBSE, etc. but there too, all of them share a similar format. This is not a great thing to have. Some invented a format of education, decades ago, and still almost all the organizations are following the same decades later. We feel so bored when our smartphone doesn't get some updates in a year or two, but when it comes to education, we are using the same old software which should have been an antique by now.

I recently moved to Mumbai, and there are apparently a lot of monkeys in my locality. I once made the smooth-brained mistake of feeding one. Haven't fed it since, and now it shows up every day without fail and is starting to get aggressive. It screeches and makes aggressive monkey noises and tries to scratch and lunge at me from outside the window. I'm scared to go out. I've seen people here get robbed of food/groceries and I really don't want to get attacked. Update: it showed up AGAIN. And turns out it's only aggressive towards me and not other family members. how did I piss it off in the first place, I wonder :/ Edit: [this is a pic of him from some days ago.](http://imgur.com/gallery/7ageCic)

Don't take this post as Modi/BJP hate I just want to know exactly what Modi ji has done after becoming PM for the people that voted for him For context I didn't vote for any party ,so I am neither for or against BJP I just want to know if he actually fulfilled some promises , that's about it

Lookin for a laptop under 60k. will be majorly used for programming. Gaming not a priority. Want smooth performance and great battery life.

I'm now studying computer science degree in a 'tier3' college. Halfway through. Am wondering if I should pursue Masters after this, or not? I don't know if they'll worth the effort, but I've come across some people who've done Masters, so that's why I'm curious

I accidentally washed my metro card in washing machine , will it work and if not can i get the money transferred to another? It has 1k rs in it.

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Bookworms of r/India, this is your space to discuss anything related to books, literature, articles (long or short form), writing prompts, essays, novels, and short stories! Did you finish an awesome book recently, or are you eager to start one? Tell us all about it! Read any great long-form articles lately? Do share here! Got no idea what to read next? Ask for recommendations! Check out r/IndianBooks, for discussion about books, Indian and non-Indian, and anything reading-related. Also, visit r/Bharat, to read and share well-written, insightful long-form articles about India. r/India also has a [Goodreads group](https://www.goodreads.com/group/show/162898-r-india)! **Books Thread is posted every two weeks on Saturday mornings |** [**Old Threads**](https://reddit.com/r/india/search?q=Bi-Weekly+Books+Discussion+Thread&restrict_sr=on&sort=new&t=all) https://preview.redd.it/obor0v8vx8n61.png?width=1487&format=png&auto=webp&s=bdf0b44db553b7c8c9f4a76aca3943d1728f7d3c

What are my best options to get into web development after graduating from my college? Should i pursue web dev or should I focus on becoming Software Engineer?

I'm a 2021 12th pass student, got 83% avg in CBSE boards. I'm at a loss as to what to do for college. I want to do software development as a career. So far I've given IPUCET for BCA (didn't do very good), and didn't take JEE MAINS 2021 for BTech because I didn't prepare at all during 11th and 12th. I'm thinking of applying for Mains next year, it'll be my first attempt ever, but I haven't prepared enough for it. I can only attend colleges in Delhi NCR, and can't really go to private colleges due to financial constraints. Any advice will be much appreciated, thanks!

I need some smart Indian person to take my online chemical engineering class for me. It will be a paid task. Message me, if you're interested.

forgive me if this post already exists, but my regular porn streaming sites are not working anymore... adding "https" and "www" also don't seem to help. I'm good with gay and straight porn, do let me know if there are good options available. Torrent sites are also appreciated. ​ Also, yes I know I could just use a VPN but I don't really wanna pay for one - so if anyone knows about free vpn servers i can connect to, then those would be welcome too Edit: thank you people for all the references... I'll try a few and report back

Is it possible to have a family member based in Dubai send me an opened iPhone 13 pro to India via FedEx ? Will I still end up paying taxes on it or end up in any other issue ?

I turned 18 this September and would like to travel solo somewhere this December. I am from Kerala and the maximum I can go to is Goa, Any place in-between like Hampi is also fine. I chose Goa because is a known tourist place and since it’s the smallest state I would like to just explore and cross over it fast that’s why. I am looking for a sub for travellers within India. Any help will be great-full. TIA

From what I have read on the internet, I couldn't find any good things about their work. Moreover, media reports about increasing cyber crimes adds to this. My friend wants to report but he is concerned if his identity will be shared by police/courts and that if the hacker/criminal is not caught and finds that he reported, it'll backfire. Can you share your advice/experience/opinions? One relevant Quora question:[https://www.quora.com/How-has-your-experience-been-with-Indian-Cyber-Police](https://www.quora.com/How-has-your-experience-been-with-Indian-Cyber-Police) >If you send them a drafted mail to send, they will take ages just to find send button. so you think about their efficiency!!

So I have been working (from home) for a bank which has its head office in Mumbai. They allowed us to work from home for the first few months but now I am being asked to start working in the Head office, in Mumbai. It's a hybrid model so I'd be working from "home" and from office on alternative days I live in New Delhi, I was born here, I have done my schooling, bachelor's and MBA here. I am gonna be 25 next month and frankly, I don't feel like moving to Mumbai. I don't judge, I've visited Mumbai like 5 times before but I don't think I can live there. I am too much of a Delhiite. But the thing is, the bank is paying me a decent pay (it's pretty well but I don't wanna boast [>80k per month]) and in this economy and the pandemic and stuff, idk if I'd be able to find a better job in Delhi / Gurgaon. At the same time, my mental health is something I value and I don't know if moving to another city and leaving my Delhi life behind is something I want to / can do. I love my family and friends here and they've supported me well on my good days and bad. Do u guys have any suggestions as to what I should do? Any help regarding this would be highly appreciated. Thanks in advance!

I recently joined a gym after getting fully vaccinated and after scouting for a few days, I chose a gym nearby and paid for a quarterly membership (4000). The gym was great, the trainer was also pretty nice, everything was working fine until one day he asked me and other clients not to come for 3 days because he was, "Adding new machines and equipment". After 3 days I went to the gym again and there wasn't a gym to go to, the place was empty, no machines, nothing but an empty room. Is there something that I can do to get my money back or report the incidence to the police?

I'm an Indian currently working as an SDE in one of the FAANG companies in the US. My mother (single) lives in India and has been trying to visit me for the past couple of years. We applied for her B-2 visa with my sponsorship letter in 2018 for my Masters graduation ceremony. However, the visa got rejected then. We thought of waiting for sometime more and then COVID happened. Finally the visas have opened so I' trying to apply for her. I don't have any siblings. My mother is a homemaker and has a house + some property on her name. No strong ties otherwise to the country (on paper). This was the primary cause for rejection, despite my sponsorship letter back then (although I was a student as well so that was there too). Can you suggest some reliable immigration firms or attorneys that can help with this case, preferably in Delhi/Punjab? I have found a couple myself but they seem fraudulent and the ones that seems legit takes 2-300 USD for a 30 minute phone-call consultation (which seems too much since they don't refund and I'm not even sure if they can come up with suggestion at the end). If someone you know have been in the same boat, it'd mean the world to me if you can connect me with them or share your experience.

A friend of mine is pursuing Law in Tamil Nadu. He wants to do Masters in Law from Oxford University. What are the things that he should look into while applying for seat and is there any entrance exam kinda thing that he has to give ? TIA

Someone I know is a fighter, without dad, is a super good singer but her tumour (caused by some drunk driver) is alone in her fight. How/what to do?

With the advent of nationalism of the toxic kinds, there have been people like Srikant Talageri, Nilesh Oak and Abhijit Chavda along with other "indic wing" YouTubers and so called "Historians" (none of them credentialed) ; there is a pseudo-historic theory floating that "Aryans" were Indians and they subsequently moved out of India and then conquered the rest of Indo European world, which is complete quackery. This is an attempt to create a definitive guide towards debunking this Psudo-History. **Basics:** To debunk the Out of India Theory (hereinafter, OIT), you need to understand what is the scholarly view of Indo-Aryan migrations. To oversimplify, there is a hypothised homeland of "Aryans" (which is not the Aryans that Hitler states) known as the "Urheimat". This homeland is a hypothesis not because it did not exist, but because we don't know where it is. It is commonly accepted to be the pontic steppe, which started after the Horse was first domesticated around 5200 BCE ( Anthony, David W. 2007). These people after domesticating the horses started moving in a lot of directions, one of which is south, towards India and Iran as well as west towards the Europe. These people, also known as the "Proto-Indo Europeans" (hereinafter PIE) carried their language and culture all around Asia and Europe. These people were pastoralists who moved all around Asia and Europe for a variety of reasons, the most accepted of which is climate change. In short, there was an event called the 4.2 kiloyear event which was, as the name suggests, 4.2 kiloyears from now. This event created climate change which made the steppe colder and also created aridification around the globe, which resulted in the decline of Bronze Age civilizations like the Indus Valley Civilization, Mesopotamian Civilization as well as Egyptian civilization. ( Staubwasser, M.; et al., 2003) . So the first point, is why the Aryans started to move. Climate change as well as their pastoralist nature, hence they were not averse to moving. These people brought their genes, their culture, their language and their way of life down south (only for our discussion, they moved westwards also, but we are not concerned by that for now). So technically, Sanskrit (or the ancestor thereof) as well as the Vedic Aryan culture came from the outside of the Indian subcontinent. You can understand why the nationalists refuse to accept this. So what are the evidences of such a migration? 1. **Linguistic evidence**: The best way to know how a culture changes is to look at the language that they speak. Let me start with an example. In hindi, the word for father is " **पिता** ", we know it came from the Sanskrit "**पितृ** ". But then again, we find similar words for "Father" in other languages. Father in English, Vater in German, Pader in Farsi. How is that possible? Indians and Greeks didn't have significant contact before Alexander, so how do we speak similar languages? To answer this question, we employ a comparative analysis of language. We start from the languages that we speak right now and start to move towards the ancestors of that language. When we have reconstructed all that, we can come to a conclusion, that all the Indo European languages (hellenic, Indo Iranian, Italic, Celtic, Germanic, Armenian, Balto-Slavic, Albanian) started from a common ancestor known as the "Proto Indo European" language, this language is still being reconstructed. **First argument of an OIT proponent: All these languages started from Sanskrit. This is not true because Sanskrit and other PIE languages have a common ancestor. Quite like the theory of evolution. The language changes simply do not signify that Sanskrit was the mother of PIE languages. (Examples can be provided on demand in the comments, since I dont want to make it too technical)** ​ [Family Tree of Indo European languages](https://i.redd.it/l33d3svr4hp71.gif) 2. **Archaeology:** The oldest nucleus of PIE people could have been the Samara culture, but there is already debate about it (6000-5000 BCE), but we can certainly see the similarities between the Yamnaya culture (3600-2300 BCE) and Vedic culture. Yamnaya culture is also called the Pit Grave Culture. This can be called the nucleus of the PIE culture. From this particular area, the Indo European (hereinafter, IE) languages spread west, south and east, starting from 4,000 BCE. These languages and culture was mostly patriarchal, that means, mostly men moved, along with their culture. (David Anthony, 2007). So the Yamnaya people, who were located north of the Black sea. These people moved east and created Sinthasta Culture (2200-1800 BCE). This is the place where Indo Iranian (the progenitor of Sanskrit and Persian/Farsi) was spoken. (Anthony, 2007). This culture then developed into the Andronovo Culture (2000-900BCE) which interacted with the Bactria Margiana Culture (BMAC) \[timeline: 2400-1600 BCE\]. This is where the group split indo the Indo-Aryans (which later became the vedic culture) and the Iranian (they became, well, Iranians). The migration in India was in waves and it **was not an invasion!** These groups were genetically diverse and they spread their culture everywhere. ​ [Migration of the Proto-Indo-Europeans across Asia and Europe](https://preview.redd.it/cnxn72qu4hp71.jpg?width=1200&format=pjpg&auto=webp&s=b15105ee9df0790cd3f368fd92ad90d711bc677a) 3. **Genetics:** This is your Brahmastra. This will conclusively destroy all claims of OIT. India has two genetic components, first is the Ancestral North Indian (ANI) which is made up of Middle Easterners, Central Asians and Europeans and Ancestral South Indian (ASI) which is completely distinct from each other. Today, Indians are a mixture of both. Endogamy started after 4200-1900 BP (before present) so, we are a mixture of ANI/ASI. Dravidian/Aryan on the basis of genes just does not exist. Period. [Recommended Reading and source of this info.](https://linkinghub.elsevier.com/retrieve/pii/S0002929713003248) This undeniable, peer-reviewed research paper proves : *By sequencing 523 ancient humans, we show that the primary source of ancestry in modern South Asians is a prehistoric genetic gradient between people related to early hunter-gatherers of Iran and southeast Asia. Following the Indus Valley Civilization’s decline, they mixed with people in the southeast to form one of the two main ancestral populations of South Asia whose direct descendants live in southern India. Simultaneously, they mixed with descendants of Steppe pastoralists who spread via Central Asia after 4000 years ago to form the other main ancestral population. The Steppe ancestry in South Asia has the same profile as that in Bronze Age Eastern Europe, tracking a movement of people that affected both regions and that likely spread the unique shared features shared between Indo-Iranian and Balto-Slavic languages*. [Link to the paper.](https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6822619/) Narsmihan studies prove that there was indeed a migration from north to south in the Indian subcontinent. ​ [Yamnaya and other ancestries' geneflow into India and Europe. Notice the changes in genetic composition corresponding to migrations.](https://preview.redd.it/50utjyj25hp71.jpg?width=600&format=pjpg&auto=webp&s=f66489a0a4941e0e80b88b98fb6da64d571eeb4f) 4. **Literary evidence:** When you compare the texts of Rig Veda and Zend Avesta, you can find the cultural similarities. Asuras of Rig Vedas became ""Ahura" in Zoroastrianism with flipped roles. Long story short, Asuras are the good guys in Zoroastrian faith, their supreme god is called "Ahura Mazda", whereas the opposite is the case in Rig Veda. The same can be observed in other myths as well. Another name of Ahura Mazda is "Varuna" which is a prominent Rigvedic diety. These similarities are not possible unless they came from the same source. [Similarities between Avestan and Sanskrit](https://preview.redd.it/3yzwip8f5hp71.png?width=390&format=png&auto=webp&s=69054590d1b23b38c5ce07f64efb00a9c4c619ed) There are many other things that I can answer if anyone asks in the comment section, if I include them all, the post will become unbearably huge. So now, I will move on to the counters to the OIT narrative. Find below, the arguments from OIT proponents and the debunking of the said evidence. 1. **\*\*Rig Veda makes a mention of Saraswati (Ghagghar Hakra) when it was a great big river some 7000-9000 years ago.Saraswati became seasonal later, how did Rig Vedic people write about Saraswati when it was in full force**?\*\* : Saraswati is bound to remain a mystery given how less writing survives from the Vedic era, yet let me make an attempt to put the Saraswati question in context.Saraswati, according started to decline around 3000 BCE. Which should be contemporaneous with the Indus valley civilisation, more specifically, the Early Harappan Phase which lasted from 3300-2600 BCE. Now the problem with Saraswati arises when we take Rig Veda as the reference document for accurately dating itself. At 3000 BCE, in the Sapta Sindhu region, Sanskrit was not being used. We know this for a fact because we find no remnants of Sanskrit in the Indus Valley seals or other items there. Another issue that comes up is about the horses. Horses were not a thing in Asia minor till around 1800-1700 BCE. Rig Veda mentions horses extensively. We find no irrefutable proof of horses in the Indus Valley. I have seen the seals and most of the publically available items with my own two eyes. There are no horses to be found there. Other cattle are found, just not horses. . The problem with dating rig Veda pre-1800BCE is that the horse question remains unsolved. How can a civilization that did not see horses write so much about horses? These two points should be kept in mind when you try to date the rig Veda pre-1500-1300 BCE. How can these logical inconsistencies be answered? If the Vedic people were around in the Sapta Sindhu region in 3000 BCE, we would find evidence, but we find none. 2. **Astronomical evidence:** In short: it is pseudoscience. Astronomical evidence cannot be taken on face value when other material evidence is against it. Plain and simple. **3. Yamnaya people were not white, hence they were indian:** There is a misconception that all central asian people looked white 500 years ago. This is just completely false. [This is a peer reviewed study](https://journals.plos.org/plosgenetics/article?id=10.1371/journal.pgen.1003912) done by an indian scientist who reconstructed people who lived in Europe 7000 years ago, which would be around 500 BCE. Those people had dark skin and blue eyes.During the 84th annual meeting of the American Association of Physical Anthropologists, it was concluded that when it comes to skin color, the team found a patchwork of evolution in different places, and three separate genes that produce light skin, telling a complex story for how European's skin evolved to be much lighter during the past 8000 years. The modern humans who came out of Africa to originally settle Europe about 40,000 years are presumed to have had dark skin, which is advantageous in sunny latitudes. And the new data confirm that about 8500 years ago, early hunter-gatherers in Spain, Luxembourg, and Hungary also had darker skin: They lacked versions of two genes—SLC24A5 and SLC45A2—that lead to depigmentation and, therefore, pale skin in Europeans today. But in the far north—where low light levels would favor pale skin—the team found a different picture in hunter-gatherers: Seven people from the 7700-year-old Motala archaeological site in southern Sweden had both light skin gene variants, SLC24A5 and SLC45A2. They also had a third gene, HERC2/OCA2, which causes blue eyes and may also contribute to light skin and blond hair. Thus ancient hunter-gatherers of the far north were already pale and blue-eyed, but those of central and southern Europe had darker skin.Then, the first farmers from the Near East arrived in Europe; they carried both genes for light skin. As they interbred with the indigenous hunter-gatherers, one of their light-skin genes swept through Europe, so that central and southern Europeans also began to have lighter skin. The other gene variant, SLC45A2, was at low levels until about 5800 years ago when it swept up to high frequency. ​ [Probable facial reconstruction of the Yamnaya Pastoralists. ](https://preview.redd.it/zs7ucobk5hp71.png?width=1342&format=png&auto=webp&s=326aa42001ba54c44f2464e8c34024283c0f0b8c) ​ Europe was not always white. Yamnaya people were brown, and that does not imply that Indians went out. 4. **These accounts were written by racist Britishers:** There is some truth to it. The British were racists who gave the Aryan INVASION theory. Various Indian scholars have also concluded that there was no invasion, but migration in small waves. This is an outdated theory which no one accepts. 5. **Chariots found in Sinauli is conclusive proof of chariots being indigenous to India:** Chariots are vehicles that are used in war. They are lightweight horse hauled and spoked wheeled vehicles used to haul soldiers and supplies. The vehicles found in sinauli are not horse-driven chariots, but are solid wheeled carts. These vehicles are impractical in a war, and hence, do not fall within the category of Chariots. ​ [Carts found at Sinauli](https://preview.redd.it/bpfecjfbbhp71.png?width=642&format=png&auto=webp&s=2881c42b72001710937618d7d6bb6b18f578472a) First sinauli is not a Vedic site conclusively. It is a late Harrapan, Ochre Colored Pottery/ Copper hoard site. SK Manjul, the director of excavations at sinauli had also stated that these are most probably not hauled by horses, but instead by other bovines. [Research paper by Asko Parpola debunking the Sinauli myth](https://journal.fi/store/article/view/98032) ​ 6. **Horse paintings at Bhimbetka in MP which date back to 10,000-20,000 years BP**: Bhimbetka is archaeologically layered. It was inhabited from the Indian Mesolithic Era (\~10,000 BP) to the medieval ages. Horse paintings found in Bhimbetka were created during periods VI and VII which are medieval. These paintings themselves can be dated by comparing the style as well as the material used in the painting. The colours used by the cave dwellers were prepared by combining black manganese oxides, red hematite and charcoal. This puts the horse paintings around the medieval era. Source: Mathpal, Yashodhar (1984). Prehistoric Painting Of Bhimbetka. Abhinav Publications I will add more arguments from the OIT side if I remember them. Meanwhile, I want you to come up with arguments and I will try to dismantle them. This is not an academic piece, just an informative piece.

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I want a compact phone, most inexpensive phones are huge and full of bloatware. My usage: calling, texting, check mail, do online payment & orders, occasionally stream music. I'm more inclined towards the used market, my budget is 15k Is it worth buying an used pixel 3? they're available in my budget but I'm concerned about the battery life, and heard people complaining about their phones dying/bricked, iphone 8 seems nice too.

Atleast in my college I feel that there's this terrible lack of support and apathy towards students and always a tendency to villainize students for no reason. For example, they always assume you are looking for a way out of doing work/ studying or are always looking for ways to undermine the college authority or something. But we are not. I have lived in the hostel, I have seen that my classmates work hard and are just looking to get by. Yet the college constantly keeps throwing random bullshit at us in the form of unrealistic deadlines or weird policies and then blame us for being lazy, disrespectful etc for failing to comply despite doing our best. Then comes the talking style of most people especially the administration. You cannot speak to them normally without getting your head snapped off. I just don't get why they are always angry for no reason. Some professors are also like this. They don't care at all and straight up ignore student's doubts and difficulties. The reason this is so baffling to me is because of how polar opposite it is to my school. My school wasn't perfect but I did feel safe and supported there. I didn't have to worry about things like missing an important deadline because of some genuine reason but I know if it happened in this college no one would listen and just automatically assume I was making excuses. I don't know what I want honestly, it's just I would like the feeling that I have a bit more support from my college the way I felt in school. I just want to know if anyone else feels this way and how do you deal with it?Are students always treated like inferior beings in colleges? I constantly dread dealing with college and it has caused me so much anxiety and stress for the past three years.

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I am aware that there are more aspects to life other than what college you attended, to shape your future but I'm particularly interested in knowing whether a renowned or a substandard college is really that big of a game changer or not.

I visited the upsc website multiple times and its buggy, or I guess I am not doing it right. If anyone has registered, please tell me how do I do it. I am in class 12th and term 1 exams are almost here, I need to register before them. Thankss!

Im a dentist but because I'm new and the pandemic has destroyed the patient market, I decided to learn blender Last year. In the past 1.5 years I have made some 3000+ USD overall from selling stuff online to people commission them. Mostly buildings for games, very low poly ones. Im learning rigging and character modelling and animation and I should be able to have some decent skill by early next year. Any way I can capitalise on this by getting some remote work? Is there a market for this in India or outside India? For buildings I already have a decent portfolio and I'll be building one with renders of models and characters soon. Can anyone help me with this?

I know I could google these questions but I would like to know from someone who has actually studied there. I am in my final year of mechanical engineering. [1.Do](https://1.Do) I need to learn German or is IELTS certificate enough? 2.GRE certificate is not required but should I still get it, will it add to anything? 3.Will my graduation marks affect anything?(I have 9.3 CGPI,86%+) 4.When does the admission process starts? 5.What are the documents required to apply? [6.How](https://6.How) do I now if the college I am applying to is actually good? 7.What is the cost of living there ? [8.Is](https://8.Is) working for part-time enough to manage expenses there? 9.What are the things I can add to my CV, while I still have time? [10.Is](https://10.Is) it even worth going there? Any suggestions/tips would be really helpful. Thank You.

How long should I wait for my second does after getting Covid 19? I tried to google but couldn’t find any details relevant to Indian norms.

Hello, I'd like to build a PC for my work. It doesn't have to be powerful, but capable enough to run multiple chrome windows and does the simple tasks without shuttering.

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I am applying for the PAN card and I want the address to be different from the one in Aadhar card. I have a driving licence as a proof of the address I want in PAN card. Could this be done?

Prof. Ferrini, a philosopher and spiritual guide, has dedicated many years to the study and comparison of two extraordinary works: the Bhagavad Gita and the Divine Comedy. The first dates back to about 5000 years ago, and the other to 1300, but they incredibly have many aspects in common. One above all: the earthly path towards the divine, the evolution of the two protagonists, Arjuna and Dante, in the direction of love.  This is thanks to the wisdom and support of two extraordinary guides: Krishna in the Bhagavad Gita and Virgil in the Divine Comedy.   Video interview in Italian and English. [https://crono.news/Y:2021/M:09/D:24/h:12/m:03/s:24/learning-bhagavad-gita-divine-comedy-incontro-con-marco-ferrini-1/](https://crono.news/Y:2021/M:09/D:24/h:12/m:03/s:24/learning-bhagavad-gita-divine-comedy-incontro-con-marco-ferrini-1/) \#video

I'm in the US and I've noticed a lot of my NRI friends can't swim. Is this common or is my sample size skewed?

Living in Mumbai, having been born and raised here, the only privilege I have (which is a huge one, to be honest) is that we have a home in Mumbai. My ancestors moved to Mumbai in the 1940s and began living in slums, which benefited my entire family lineage and future generations. Because of the Slum Rehabilation Project, which began in the 1990s, and my family received FREE flats in Mumbai, my father also received one, and my privilege ends here. Aside from that, we were urban poor; as a result, I had to study in a typical government BMC school, which was the worst childhood nightmare one could have, and I had to live through it for ten years of my life. The school had no subject periods, no bells, and the teachers came whenever they wanted and taught on a topic about which they had no knowledge. A garbage can was cleaner than my classrooms, which had broken down benches, a black board with stains on it, an always smelly passage, and students who had no practical knowledge of anything, kids smoking marijuana everywhere, doing drugs, and no strict monitoring in and around school. I never defecated at my school because they never had a proper toilet and washroom to begin with; it was so bad that I would vomit whenever I went there, so I avoided it; there were no computer classes, and kids engaged in gang wars with knives and sticks. Teachers horrifyingly beating children, several children suffering trauma as a result of this, and teachers arriving in their expensive scootys and cars while poor parents waited outside the gate in the scorching hot sun. Farheen is the only teacher I remember, and she made every effort to teach us all. I hope she is happy and healthy wherever she is now. Basic necessities were out of reach for us; my family couldn't afford much for me; I don't blame them; it's not their fault; they did what they could. Surprisingly, there was this ultra-rich and expensive school right next to ours. Were, all the super rich kids used to arrive at school in their expensive cars, and during break time, we shared a common public canteen, where they used to buy good expensive things to eat while playing games on their phones and PSPs, while I just sat in the corner with my 5rs fruity, hoping that someday..... Due to financial constraints, I was only able to continue my education until the 12th grade after completing my SSC. I dropped out of college and began working to support my family. I worked my a$$ off for two years and am now 22 years old and working as a Business Process Executive in Container Logistics. have a healthy bank balance Living a happy and healthy life. Because I didn't give up, I decided that day, while holding my 5rs fruity, that I would work hard, or at least hard enough, so that if I decide to have children in the future, they wouldn't have to go through the same trauma. Same information I have gathered - 1. [One kid dead, 160 hospitalized in BMC school.](https://www.dnaindia.com/india/report-mumbai-one-child-dead-at-least-100-children-hospitalised-after-consuming-tablet-in-municipal-school-2648086) 2. [State of education in India](http://mief.in/state-of-education-in-india-what-you-must-know/) 3. [Only 8% of homes with young members have computer with net link](https://scroll.in/article/960939/indian-education-cant-go-online-only-8-of-homes-with-school-children-have-computer-with-net-link) 4. [Unable to afford private schools, parents shift kids to government schools](https://www.tribuneindia.com/news/schools/unable-to-afford-private-schools-parents-shift-kids-to-government-schools-151012) ​ I'm not saying you should feel bad about your good fortune. This is just to give you an idea of how bad education in India is from someone who has been through it. Thank you.

Hi I'm a guy, planning to travel to Goa for a couple of weeks. I'll be WFH. I'm in my 20s, likes to party, socialize with strangers. I earn alright so budget isn't an issue. I was about to rent a flat but I felt, I'd be bored all by myself. A hostel which can accomodate peaceful working environment will be better suited to socialize as well. Can you suggest workation hostels/spaces with good vibe? Or if there are any stand alone peaceful coworking spaces ?

Hi everyone, so I have an idea that we should make a database of books from ancient India, documenting sciences, religion, culture, etc. The obvious ones are Mahabharat, Ramayan, Rigveda, Saamveda, Yajurveda, AtharvaVeda, Baudhayan Shulbha Sutra, etc. Any suggestions are welcome.

Hey Guys, I just want to know is there any IT Companies that does not care about the marks, I got 77% on my 10th and 59% on my 12th Currently Im Pursuing my BCA and my current percent is 82%. So Feel free to comment Guys.

We all know our country still faces a lot of challenges and has a long way to go in achieving its full potential, but in that process it can be easy to lose sight of what India, Indian culture, and Indians do well in comparison to the rest of the world. What are some of those things in your opinion?

The first dose never reflected on the portal, and now the second dose got registered as the first dose. Getting constant reminders to get vaccinated even after getting both doses. Is there any way to fix this?

Hi there, American here. I just stumbled across a YouTube channel that has 3,685 videos of Indian people recording themselves reading Wikipedia articles about movies. The Wiki article itself is barely legible in the video. The channel is constantly uploading these videos (every few hours there's a new one), and the uploader gives no explanation for why these videos are created. Here's the link, so you can see what I mean: https://www.youtube.com/channel/UCqWYj_tUdUT940lG9D1S1aA/videos?view=0&sort=p&flow=grid My question is: Does this channel exist for Indians to practice their English? Is this a common thing? Or is it some sort of clickbait scam to get people to click on the video thinking it'll be the actual movie? I'm just very baffled by the whole concept.

Hi Friends, I currently live/work in Bangalore. Due to personal reasons I am planning to spend the next 5-6 months in my hometown Kanpur, UP. Hence, I am planning to ship my Car (Ciaz 2018 Delta AT) to Kanpur so that I can use it while I am there, and then shift it back in March 2022. Approximate cost of shipping is ranging from 17000-22000 one-way from various quotes. Does Anyone have Experience in moving their personal vehicle via M&P across states? Any good references would be helpful? Do they steal/swap parts during the move? Any lead here would be really helpful. Thanks in advance.

My mother (40) and my aunt got their 2nd dose of covisheild yesterday. My aunt has developed a fever but my mother only has some pain around the injection site. Is this normal? Note: after the 1st dose my mother did develop a high fever and was also a bit tired for a couple of days after vaccination.

Traits,habits , thinking anything you think is common to us and is holding us back. All views are appreciated.

I've been trying to buy few drawing courses from Domestika and Skillshare premium but my Indian debit card keeps declining no matter what. At first I thought it had something to do with bank linking but now I noticed it's showing a "discover" icon instead of the older visa one. What's happening, can somebody help me through this, I desparately need those courses.

My college placements are going on and I have received a decent package however I am looking for more. How do I apply to top companies outside my campus? Does cold emailing work? Applying on their website did not help me much as I did not receive any response. I am looking for a package of over 10 LPA. Any help would be appreciated.

Apple has been running full-page adverts in papers promoting iPhone 13 costing upwards of ₹ 120K+ Most small App developers focus on Android ecosystem because its more common in India. ------------- Edit: I got my 6S during my trip to the US when it was n-1 and have been happy with it. For those asking about apps - there are a few not available on iOS * Like a doctor-finder app developed by a local startup that I wanted to use * eCommerce sites like Bigbazaar push iOS updates and deals later than on Android (just a personal observation - no specific data)

Hello everyone, I live in the U.S. and love Indian culture, i was looking into buying men's Lungi from Amazon or eBay but then had an idea , there are stores here where they have clothes material, you just tell them what size you want and they cut the piece, instead of buying from Amazon or eBay couldn't i get one locally , what fabric and size is suggested, i plan to use the lungi at home and wear it knee height.Thank you.

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Not making any political point here. I guess Indian constitution doesn't permit a citizen from holding citizenship of another country ever since the constitution was created. What is the rationale behind the decision?

Just finished watching Naduvan [Tamil] on Sony Liv. 100% recommend it to anyone with a Sony Liv subscription. I can't even understand Tamil and watched it with subtitles and I have to say, finding hidden gems like this make my day. Can anyone suggest more Indian movies like this in any language?

I'm trying to understand the upsides and downsides of popular professions in India. And I'm curious about the upsides as well as downsides of being an IAS officer. People say that IAS officers make crores per month. Is it actually true and if yes, can just any IAS earn this kind of income or it's limited to a few ? Please upvote you're interested in learning more and help us find the answer :D

Hi India! Is there any hiring agencies or individuals who wants to colaborate with hiring agency from Croatia, Europe? I am searching for professional workers who wants to work in Croatia in construction sector. We are based in capital city of Zagreb.

I recently joined and have been doing exercises suggested by the trainer but I want to know if there is any good playlist which helps me here. I tried searching but everything is pretty overwhelming and I am just starting out I am 5ft9 and 90 kgs.

24M, 6' 1", 95kg I've been strength training for a year. Had alright gains, but below expectations. Now it seems like there's no progress for 2 months. I've tried everything: increased rep count, switched to compound exercises. However I don't take any supplements. I eat a lot of paneer, rajma, etc along with fruit/veggies, and a lot of almonds. (I manage about 50g of protein per day) How do I get past this barrier? I workout for 1.5 hours a day but I seem to make no progress. Is supplements the only way forward?

Hi, I'm planning to go for my master's. I do have an idea about the process and everything however since it's a big investment, I don't want to take any chances. Any recommendations?

I know Estonia accepts Covaxin, which other European countries accept Covaxin? What if I want to travel to Germany, France, Spain, Ireland etc. without quarantining, as a tourist - is there a way to do so? My plan to travel is around the first week of November. Where should I look to learn more?

I recently Created my PayPal(business) account. I intend to use it to receive money from Outside India in Dollars. I have linked my Bank account and verified it. Now I have some money in my Paypal acc in dollars and I want to withdraw them to my Bank account. I see this **Manual transfer of payments isn't available right now. We'll automatically start transferring your payments to your preferred bank account.** However, it's been days and not a single transfer to my bank occurs. I still have the money in my PayPal account.