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Q2841 | what is the type of democracy in which all citizens have the right to make government decisions | Democracy | While theoretically these definitions are in opposition, in practice the distinction has been blurred historically. | 00
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Q2841 | what is the type of democracy in which all citizens have the right to make government decisions | Democracy | The political system of Classical Athens, for example, granted democratic citizenship to an elite class of free men and excluded slaves and women from political participation. | 00
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Q2841 | what is the type of democracy in which all citizens have the right to make government decisions | Democracy | In virtually all democratic governments throughout ancient and modern history, democratic citizenship consisted of an elite class until full enfranchisement was won for all adult citizens in most modern democracies through the suffrage movements of the 19th and 20th centuries. | 00
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Q2841 | what is the type of democracy in which all citizens have the right to make government decisions | Democracy | The English word dates to the 16th century, from the older Middle French and Middle Latin equivalents. | 00
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Q2841 | what is the type of democracy in which all citizens have the right to make government decisions | Democracy | A democratic government contrasts to forms of government where power is either held by one, as in a monarchy , or where power is held by a small number of individuals, as in an oligarchy . | 00
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Q2841 | what is the type of democracy in which all citizens have the right to make government decisions | Democracy | Nevertheless, these oppositions, inherited from Greek philosophy, are now ambiguous because contemporary governments have mixed democratic, oligarchic, and monarchic elements. | 00
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Q2841 | what is the type of democracy in which all citizens have the right to make government decisions | Democracy | Karl Popper defined democracy in contrast to dictatorship or tyranny, thus focusing on opportunities for the people to control their leaders and to oust them without the need for a revolution . | 00
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Q2841 | what is the type of democracy in which all citizens have the right to make government decisions | Democracy | Several variants of democracy exist, but there are two basic forms, both of which concern how the whole body of all eligible citizens executes its will. | 00
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Q2841 | what is the type of democracy in which all citizens have the right to make government decisions | Democracy | One form of democracy is direct democracy , in which all eligible citizens have direct and active participation in the decision making of the government. | 00
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Q2841 | what is the type of democracy in which all citizens have the right to make government decisions | Democracy | In most modern democracies, the whole body of all eligible citizens remain the sovereign power but political power is exercised indirectly through elected representatives; this is called representative democracy . | 00
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Q2841 | what is the type of democracy in which all citizens have the right to make government decisions | Democracy | The concept of representative democracy arose largely from ideas and institutions that developed during the European Middle Ages , the Age of Enlightenment , and the American and French Revolutions . | 00
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Q2842 | who is the new bell what is the only european | Nobel Prize | For more information on the distinct origin of the Nobel Prize in Economic Sciences, see Nobel Memorial Prize in Economic Sciences | 00
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Q2842 | who is the new bell what is the only european | Nobel Prize | The Nobel Prize (, Swedish definite form, singular: Nobelpriset; Norwegian : Nobelprisen) is a set of annual international awards bestowed in a number of categories by Scandinavian committees in recognition of cultural and/or scientific advances. | 00
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Q2842 | who is the new bell what is the only european | Nobel Prize | The will of the Swedish philanthropist inventor Alfred Nobel established the prizes in 1895. | 00
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Q2842 | who is the new bell what is the only european | Nobel Prize | The prizes in Physics , Chemistry , Physiology or Medicine , Literature , and Peace were first awarded in 1901. | 00
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Q2842 | who is the new bell what is the only european | Nobel Prize | The Peace Prize is awarded in Oslo , Norway, while the other prizes are awarded in Stockholm , Sweden. | 00
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Q2842 | who is the new bell what is the only european | Nobel Prize | The Nobel Prize is widely regarded as the most prestigious award available in the fields of literature, medicine, physics, chemistry, peace, and economics. | 00
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Q2842 | who is the new bell what is the only european | Nobel Prize | The Royal Swedish Academy of Sciences awards the Nobel Prize in Physics, the Nobel Prize in Chemistry, and the Nobel Memorial Prize in Economic Sciences; the Nobel Assembly at Karolinska Institutet awards the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine; the Swedish Academy grants the Nobel Prize in Literature; and the Nobel Peace Prize is not awarded by a Swedish organisation but by the Norwegian Nobel Committee . | 00
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Q2842 | who is the new bell what is the only european | Nobel Prize | The various prizes are awarded yearly. | 00
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Q2842 | who is the new bell what is the only european | Nobel Prize | Each recipient, or laureate, receives a gold medal, a diploma and a sum of money, which is decided by the Nobel Foundation . | 00
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Q2842 | who is the new bell what is the only european | Nobel Prize | , each prize was worth 8 million SEK (c. , €0.93 million). | 00
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Q2842 | who is the new bell what is the only european | Nobel Prize | The prize is not awarded posthumously; however, if a person is awarded a prize and dies before receiving it, the prize may still be presented. | 00
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Q2842 | who is the new bell what is the only european | Nobel Prize | Though the average number of laureates per prize increased substantially during the 20th century, a prize may not be shared among more than three people. | 00
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Q2843 | Who is the transformers in transformers 3 | Transformers: Dark of the Moon | Transformers: Dark of the Moon is a 2011 American science fiction action film based on the Transformers toy line . | 00
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Q2843 | Who is the transformers in transformers 3 | Transformers: Dark of the Moon | First released on June 23, 2011, it is the third installment of the live-action Transformers film series . | 00
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Q2843 | Who is the transformers in transformers 3 | Transformers: Dark of the Moon | Like its predecessors, Transformers and , Transformers: Dark of the Moon is directed by Michael Bay and produced by Steven Spielberg . | 00
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Q2843 | Who is the transformers in transformers 3 | Transformers: Dark of the Moon | The film's story is set three years after the events of the second film, with the Autobots , during their collaboration with the NEST (Networked Elements: Supporters and Transformers) military force, discovering a hidden alien technology in possession of humans, which had been found by Apollo 11 on the Moon 42 years earlier. | 00
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Q2843 | Who is the transformers in transformers 3 | Transformers: Dark of the Moon | However, the Decepticons unveil a plan to use the technology to enslave humanity in order to bring back Cybertron , the home planet of the Transformers. | 00
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Q2843 | Who is the transformers in transformers 3 | Transformers: Dark of the Moon | Shia LaBeouf , Josh Duhamel , Tyrese Gibson , and John Turturro reprised their starring roles, with Peter Cullen and Hugo Weaving returning as the voices of Optimus Prime and Megatron , and Kevin Dunn and Julie White reprising their roles as the parents of the protagonist, Sam Witwicky. | 00
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Q2843 | Who is the transformers in transformers 3 | Transformers: Dark of the Moon | English model Rosie Huntington-Whiteley replaced Megan Fox as the lead female character; the cast also saw the additions of Patrick Dempsey , John Malkovich , Ken Jeong , and Frances McDormand . | 00
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Q2843 | Who is the transformers in transformers 3 | Transformers: Dark of the Moon | The film also welcomed Keith Szarabajka , Ron Bottitta , John DiMaggio , George Coe , Francesco Quinn , James Remar , Greg Berg , and veteran science-fiction actor Leonard Nimoy to the voice cast. | 00
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Q2843 | Who is the transformers in transformers 3 | Transformers: Dark of the Moon | The script was written by Ehren Kruger , who also collaborated on the narrative of the second film of the series. | 00
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Q2843 | Who is the transformers in transformers 3 | Transformers: Dark of the Moon | Dark of the Moon employed both regular 35mm film cameras and specially-developed 3-D cameras, with filming locations in Chicago , Florida , Indiana , Moscow , and Washington, D.C. . | 00
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Q2843 | Who is the transformers in transformers 3 | Transformers: Dark of the Moon | The film was rendered specifically for 3-D, and the visual effects involved more complex robots which took longer to render. | 00
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Q2843 | Who is the transformers in transformers 3 | Transformers: Dark of the Moon | In May 2011, it was announced that Paramount Pictures would move Transformers: Dark of the Moon release date of July 1 to June 29 in order to monitor an early response to footage. | 00
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Q2843 | Who is the transformers in transformers 3 | Transformers: Dark of the Moon | Exclusive early premieres in select 3-D and IMAX theaters took place June 28, 2011, one night before worldwide release in 2-D and 3-D (including IMAX 3D ) formats—each featuring Dolby Surround 7.1 sound. | 00
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Q2843 | Who is the transformers in transformers 3 | Transformers: Dark of the Moon | Critical reception of the film was mixed to negative, with several critics calling it better than Revenge of the Fallen and praising the film's visuals and 3-D action sequences, but criticizing its writing, acting, and length. | 00
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Q2843 | Who is the transformers in transformers 3 | Transformers: Dark of the Moon | Dark of the Moon grossed US$1 .12 billion worldwide, and is currently the fifth-highest-grossing film of all time , the second-highest-grossing film of 2011 (behind Harry Potter and the Deathly Hallows – Part 2 ), the highest-grossing film in the Transformers series, and the tenth film to gross over $1 billion. | 00
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Q2843 | Who is the transformers in transformers 3 | Transformers: Dark of the Moon | Like the first film, it was nominated for Best Visual Effects , Best Sound Editing and Best Sound Mixing at the 84th Academy Awards . | 00
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Q2843 | Who is the transformers in transformers 3 | Transformers: Dark of the Moon | A sequel to the film, directed once again by Michael Bay, is scheduled for release on June 27, 2014. | 00
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Q2848 | where was the first real roller coaster | roller coaster | The Scenic Railway at Luna Park, Melbourne , is the world's oldest continually-operating roller coaster, built in 1912. | 11
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Q2848 | where was the first real roller coaster | roller coaster | Video from inside a roller coaster car (Xpress, Walibi Holland , The Netherlands ) | 00
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Q2848 | where was the first real roller coaster | roller coaster | The roller coaster is a popular amusement ride developed for amusement parks and modern theme parks . | 00
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Q2848 | where was the first real roller coaster | roller coaster | LaMarcus Adna Thompson obtained a patent regarding roller coasters on January 20, 1885, which were made out of wood , but this patent is considerably later than the "Russian mountains" described below. | 00
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Q2848 | where was the first real roller coaster | roller coaster | In essence a specialized railroad system, a roller coaster consists of a track that rises in designed patterns , sometimes with one or more inversions (such as vertical loops ) that briefly turn the rider upside down. | 00
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Q2848 | where was the first real roller coaster | roller coaster | The track does not necessarily have to be a complete circuit, as shuttle roller coasters demonstrate. | 00
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Q2848 | where was the first real roller coaster | roller coaster | Most roller coasters have multiple cars in which passengers sit and are restrained. | 00
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Q2848 | where was the first real roller coaster | roller coaster | Two or more cars hooked together are called a train . | 00
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Q2848 | where was the first real roller coaster | roller coaster | Some roller coasters, notably wild mouse roller coasters , run with single cars. | 00
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Q2859 | where was john f kennedy born | John F. Kennedy | John Fitzgerald "Jack" Kennedy (May 29, 1917 – November 22, 1963), often referred to by his initials JFK, was the 35th President of the United States , serving from 1961 until his death in 1963. | 00
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Q2859 | where was john f kennedy born | John F. Kennedy | After military service as commander of the Motor Torpedo Boats PT-109 and PT-59 during World War II in the South Pacific , Kennedy represented Massachusetts' 11th congressional district in the U.S. House of Representatives from 1947 to 1953 as a Democrat . | 00
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Q2859 | where was john f kennedy born | John F. Kennedy | Thereafter, he served in the U.S. Senate from 1953 until 1960. | 00
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Q2859 | where was john f kennedy born | John F. Kennedy | Kennedy defeated Vice President and Republican candidate Richard Nixon in the 1960 U.S. presidential election . | 00
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Q2859 | where was john f kennedy born | John F. Kennedy | At 43 years of age, he is the youngest to have been elected to the office, the second-youngest President (after Theodore Roosevelt ), and the first person born in the 20th century to serve as president. | 00
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Q2859 | where was john f kennedy born | John F. Kennedy | A Catholic , Kennedy is the only non- Protestant president, and is the only president to have won a Pulitzer Prize . | 00
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Q2859 | where was john f kennedy born | John F. Kennedy | Events during his presidency included the Bay of Pigs Invasion , the Cuban Missile Crisis , the building of the Berlin Wall , the Space Race , the African-American Civil Rights Movement , and early stages of the Vietnam War . | 00
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Q2859 | where was john f kennedy born | John F. Kennedy | Therein, Kennedy increased the number of military advisers, special operation forces, and helicopters in an effort to curb the spread of communism in South East Asia. | 00
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Q2859 | where was john f kennedy born | John F. Kennedy | The Kennedy administration adopted the policy of the Strategic Hamlet Program which was implemented by the South Vietnamese government. | 00
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Q2859 | where was john f kennedy born | John F. Kennedy | It involved certain forced relocation, village internment, and segregation of rural South Vietnamese from the northern and southern communist insurgents. | 00
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Q2859 | where was john f kennedy born | John F. Kennedy | Kennedy was assassinated on November 22, 1963 in Dallas , Texas. | 00
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Q2859 | where was john f kennedy born | John F. Kennedy | Lee Harvey Oswald was charged with the crime, but he was shot and killed by Jack Ruby two days later, before a trial could take place. | 00
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Q2859 | where was john f kennedy born | John F. Kennedy | The FBI and the Warren Commission officially concluded that Oswald was the lone assassin. | 00
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Q2859 | where was john f kennedy born | John F. Kennedy | However, the United States House Select Committee on Assassinations (HSCA) concluded that those investigations were flawed and that Kennedy was probably assassinated as the result of a conspiracy . | 00
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Q2859 | where was john f kennedy born | John F. Kennedy | However, ABC News in their investigation, The Kennedy Assassination: Beyond Conspiracy, confirmed the findings of the Warren Commission; having concluded Oswald acted alone. | 00
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Q2859 | where was john f kennedy born | John F. Kennedy | Kennedy's controversial Department of Defense TFX fighter bomber program led to a Congressional investigation that lasted from 1963 to 1970. | 00
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Q2859 | where was john f kennedy born | John F. Kennedy | Since the 1960s information concerning Kennedy's private life has come to light. | 00
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Q2859 | where was john f kennedy born | John F. Kennedy | Details of Kennedy's health problems in which he struggled have become better known, especially since the 1990s. | 00
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Q2859 | where was john f kennedy born | John F. Kennedy | Although initially kept secret from the general public, reports of Kennedy's philandering have garnered much press. | 00
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Q2859 | where was john f kennedy born | John F. Kennedy | Kennedy ranks highly in public opinion ratings of U.S. presidents . | 00
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Q2860 | what was the majority rule in the case Bowers v. Hardwick | Bowers v. Hardwick | Bowers v. Hardwick, , is a United States Supreme Court decision, overturned in 2003, that upheld, in a 5-4 ruling, the constitutionality of a Georgia sodomy law criminalizing oral and anal sex in private between consenting adults when applied to homosexuals. | 00
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Q2860 | what was the majority rule in the case Bowers v. Hardwick | Bowers v. Hardwick | The majority opinion, written by Justice Byron White , argued that the Constitution did not confer "a fundamental right to engage in homosexual sodomy." | 00
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Q2860 | what was the majority rule in the case Bowers v. Hardwick | Bowers v. Hardwick | A concurring opinion by Chief Justice Warren E. Burger cited the "ancient roots" of prohibitions against homosexual sex, quoting William Blackstone 's description of homosexual sex as an "infamous crime against nature", worse than rape, and "a crime not fit to be named." | 00
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Q2860 | what was the majority rule in the case Bowers v. Hardwick | Bowers v. Hardwick | Burger concluded: "To hold that the act of homosexual sodomy is somehow protected as a fundamental right would be to cast aside millennia of moral teaching." | 00
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Q2860 | what was the majority rule in the case Bowers v. Hardwick | Bowers v. Hardwick | Justice Lewis F. Powell later said he regretted joining the majority, but thought the case of little importance at the time. | 00
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Q2860 | what was the majority rule in the case Bowers v. Hardwick | Bowers v. Hardwick | The dissent, authored by Harry Blackmun , framed the issue as revolving around the right to privacy. | 00
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Q2860 | what was the majority rule in the case Bowers v. Hardwick | Bowers v. Hardwick | Blackmun's dissent accused the Court of an "almost obsessive focus on homosexual activity" and an "overall refusal to consider the broad principles that have informed our treatment of privacy in specific cases." | 00
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Q2860 | what was the majority rule in the case Bowers v. Hardwick | Bowers v. Hardwick | In response to invocations of religious taboos against homosexuality, Blackmun wrote: "That certain, but by no means all, religious groups condemn the behavior at issue gives the State no license to impose their judgments on the entire citizenry. | 00
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Q2860 | what was the majority rule in the case Bowers v. Hardwick | Bowers v. Hardwick | The legitimacy of secular legislation depends, instead, on whether the State can advance some justification for its law beyond its conformity to religious doctrine." | 00
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Q2860 | what was the majority rule in the case Bowers v. Hardwick | Bowers v. Hardwick | Seventeen years after Bowers v. Hardwick, the Supreme Court directly overruled its decision in Lawrence v. Texas , 539 U.S. 558 (2003), and held that anti-sodomy laws are unconstitutional. | 00
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Q2860 | what was the majority rule in the case Bowers v. Hardwick | Bowers v. Hardwick | In overruling Bowers v. Hardwick, the Court stated that "Bowers was not correct when it was decided, and it is not correct today." | 00
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Q2868 | where is your colon and function | Colon (anatomy) | The colon is the last part of the digestive system in most vertebrates . | 00
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Q2868 | where is your colon and function | Colon (anatomy) | It extracts water and salt from solid wastes before they are eliminated from the body and is the site in which flora-aided (largely bacterial) fermentation of unabsorbed material occurs. | 00
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Q2868 | where is your colon and function | Colon (anatomy) | Unlike the small intestine , the colon does not play a major role in absorption of foods and nutrients. | 00
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Q2868 | where is your colon and function | Colon (anatomy) | However, the colon does absorb water, sodium and some fat soluble vitamins. | 00
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Q2868 | where is your colon and function | Colon (anatomy) | In mammals , the colon consists of four sections: the ascending colon , the transverse colon , the descending colon , and the sigmoid colon (the proximal colon usually refers to the ascending colon and transverse colon). | 00
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Q2868 | where is your colon and function | Colon (anatomy) | The cecum , colon, rectum and anal canal make up the large intestine . | 00
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Q2880 | where was martin luther born | Martin Luther | Martin Luther (; 10 November 1483 – 18 February 1546) was a German monk , former Catholic priest , professor of theology and seminal figure of a reform movement in sixteenth century Christianity , subsequently known as the Protestant Reformation . | 11
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Q2880 | where was martin luther born | Martin Luther | He strongly disputed the claim that freedom from God's punishment for sin could be purchased with money. | 00
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Q2880 | where was martin luther born | Martin Luther | He confronted indulgence salesman Johann Tetzel with his Ninety-Five Theses in 1517. | 00
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Q2880 | where was martin luther born | Martin Luther | His refusal to retract all of his writings at the demand of Pope Leo X in 1520 and the Holy Roman Emperor Charles V at the Diet of Worms in 1521 resulted in his excommunication by the pope and condemnation as an outlaw by the Emperor. | 00
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Q2880 | where was martin luther born | Martin Luther | Luther taught that salvation is not earned by good deeds but received only as a free gift of God's grace through faith in Jesus Christ as redeemer from sin. | 00
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Q2880 | where was martin luther born | Martin Luther | His theology challenged the authority of the Pope of the Roman Catholic Church by teaching that the Bible is the only source of divinely revealed knowledge and opposed sacerdotalism by considering all baptized Christians to be a holy priesthood . | 00
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Q2880 | where was martin luther born | Martin Luther | Those who identify with Luther's teachings are called Lutherans . | 00
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Q2880 | where was martin luther born | Martin Luther | His translation of the Bible into the vernacular (instead of Latin ) made it more accessible, which had a tremendous impact on the church and on German culture. | 00
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Q2880 | where was martin luther born | Martin Luther | It fostered the development of a standard version of the German language , added several principles to the art of translation, and influenced the writing of an English translation, the King James Bible . | 00
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Q2880 | where was martin luther born | Martin Luther | His hymns influenced the development of singing in churches. | 00
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Q2880 | where was martin luther born | Martin Luther | His marriage to Katharina von Bora set a model for the practice of clerical marriage , allowing Protestant priests to marry. | 00
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Q2880 | where was martin luther born | Martin Luther | In his later years, in deteriorating health, Luther became increasingly antisemitic , writing that Jewish homes should be destroyed, their synagogues burned, money confiscated and liberty curtailed. | 00
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Q2880 | where was martin luther born | Martin Luther | These statements have contributed to his controversial status. | 00
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Q2884 | what is the concept of "wellness" ? | Wellness (alternative medicine) | Wellness is generally used to mean a healthy balance of the mind, body and spirit that results in an overall feeling of well-being . | 11
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