microsoft/wiki_qa · Datasets at Hugging Face

question_id stringclasses 633 values	question stringclasses 633 values	document_title stringclasses 619 values	answer stringlengths 3 637	label class label 2 classes
Q1916	what is a ace in paddleball	One wall paddleball	A typical paddleball paddle.	00
Q1916	what is a ace in paddleball	One wall paddleball	One Wall Paddleball is an American ball game that consists in hitting a small rubber ball against a single wall by using paddles .	00
Q1916	what is a ace in paddleball	One wall paddleball	It can be played in singles (1 versus 1) or in doubles (2 versus 2).	00
Q1916	what is a ace in paddleball	One wall paddleball	The general rule of the game is that the ball must hit the wall without touching the court floor more than once in order to be a valid rally .	00
Q1916	what is a ace in paddleball	One wall paddleball	The balls are usually of the colors black , blue , and green .	00
Q1916	what is a ace in paddleball	One wall paddleball	The paddles were originally made of wood , but they are now primarily made of materials such as graphite and titanium..	00
Q1916	what is a ace in paddleball	One wall paddleball	The Black Beauty paddle pictured on the right was actually designed by doubles champion, Chris Lecakes and manufactured by Nat Marks of MarCraft.	00
Q1916	what is a ace in paddleball	One wall paddleball	The original Black Beauty paddle remains in the possession of the Lecakes family.	00
Q1916	what is a ace in paddleball	One wall paddleball	The game is popular in places where the weather permits outdoor plays such as New York , Florida , New Jersey , Connecticut , California and Puerto Rico , although indoor courts, albeit rare, exist.	00
Q1916	what is a ace in paddleball	One wall paddleball	Tournaments are ruled by the American Paddleball Association .	00
Q1917	who playeed val on the nanny	List of The Nanny characters	The following is a list of characters from The Nanny .	00
Q1918	what states allow same sex marriage	Same-sex marriage in the United States	Same-sex marriage is legally recognized in several jurisdictions within the United States.	00
Q1918	what states allow same sex marriage	Same-sex marriage in the United States	As of May 2013, ten states— Connecticut , Iowa , Maine , Maryland , Massachusetts , New Hampshire , New York , Rhode Island , Vermont , and Washington —as well as the District of Columbia and three Native American tribes —have legalized same-sex marriage, representing 16.1% of the U.S. population.	11
Q1918	what states allow same sex marriage	Same-sex marriage in the United States	In addition, California , which briefly granted same-sex marriages in 2008, now recognizes them on a conditional basis.	00
Q1918	what states allow same sex marriage	Same-sex marriage in the United States	While several jurisdictions have legalized same-sex marriage through court rulings, legislative action, and popular vote , nine states prohibit same-sex marriage by statute and 30 prohibit it in their constitutions .	00
Q1918	what states allow same sex marriage	Same-sex marriage in the United States	The Defense of Marriage Act (DOMA), enacted in 1996, prevents the federal government from recognizing same-sex marriages and allows each state to refuse recognition of same-sex marriages performed in other states.	00
Q1918	what states allow same sex marriage	Same-sex marriage in the United States	The provision of DOMA forbidding the federal government from recognizing same-sex marriages has been found unconstitutional in eight federal courts , including two federal appeals courts .	00
Q1918	what states allow same sex marriage	Same-sex marriage in the United States	Five of these cases are pending review by the Supreme Court .	00
Q1918	what states allow same sex marriage	Same-sex marriage in the United States	The movement to obtain marriage rights and benefits for same-sex couples in the United States began in the 1970s, but became more prominent in U.S. politics in 1993 when the Hawaii Supreme Court declared the state's prohibition to be unconstitutional in Baehr v. Lewin .	00
Q1918	what states allow same sex marriage	Same-sex marriage in the United States	During the 21st century, public support for legalizing same-sex marriage has grown considerably, and various national polls conducted since 2011 show that a majority of Americans support same-sex marriage.	00
Q1918	what states allow same sex marriage	Same-sex marriage in the United States	On May 9, 2012, Barack Obama became the first sitting U.S. president to publicly declare support for the legalization of same-sex marriage.	00
Q1918	what states allow same sex marriage	Same-sex marriage in the United States	On November 6, 2012, Maine , Maryland , and Washington became the first states to legalize same-sex marriage through popular vote.	00
Q1922	who served as president for one day	David Rice Atchison	Portrait by George Caleb Bingham	00
Q1922	who served as president for one day	David Rice Atchison	Statue at Clinton County Courthouse in Missouri	00
Q1922	who served as president for one day	David Rice Atchison	David Rice Atchison (August 11, 1807January 26, 1886) was a mid-19th century Democratic United States Senator from Missouri .	00
Q1922	who served as president for one day	David Rice Atchison	He served as President pro tempore of the United States Senate for six years.	00
Q1922	who served as president for one day	David Rice Atchison	He is best known for the claim that for one day (March 4, 1849) he may have been Acting President of the United States .	00
Q1922	who served as president for one day	David Rice Atchison	Atchison, owner of many slaves and a plantation, was a prominent pro-slavery activist and Border Ruffian leader, deeply involved with violence against abolitionists and other free-staters during the " Bleeding Kansas " events.	00
Q1928	when did roth iras start	Roth IRA	A Roth IRA ( Individual Retirement Arrangement ) is a special type of retirement plan under US law that is generally not taxed, provided certain conditions are met.	00
Q1928	when did roth iras start	Roth IRA	The tax law of the United States allows a tax reduction on a limited amount of saving for retirement.	00
Q1928	when did roth iras start	Roth IRA	The Roth IRA's principal difference from most other tax advantaged retirement plans is that, rather than granting a tax break for money placed into the plan, the tax break is granted on the money withdrawn from the plan during retirement.	00
Q1928	when did roth iras start	Roth IRA	A Roth IRA can be an individual retirement account containing investments in securities , usually common stocks and bonds , often through mutual funds (although other investments, including derivatives, notes, certificates of deposit , and real estate are possible).	00
Q1928	when did roth iras start	Roth IRA	A Roth IRA can also be an individual retirement annuity , which is an annuity contract or an endowment contract purchased from a life insurance company.	00
Q1928	when did roth iras start	Roth IRA	As with all IRAs, the Internal Revenue Service mandates specific eligibility and filing status requirements.	00
Q1928	when did roth iras start	Roth IRA	A Roth IRA's main advantages are its tax structure and the additional flexibility that this tax structure provides.	00
Q1928	when did roth iras start	Roth IRA	Also, there are fewer restrictions on the investments that can be made in the plan than many other tax advantaged plans, and this adds somewhat to the popularity, though the investment options available depend on the trustee (or the place where the plan is established).	00
Q1928	when did roth iras start	Roth IRA	The total contributions allowed per year to all IRAs is the lesser of one's taxable compensation (which is not the same as adjusted gross income ) and the limit amounts as seen below (this total may be split up between any number of traditional and Roth IRAs.	00
Q1928	when did roth iras start	Roth IRA	In the case of a married couple, each spouse may contribute the amount listed):	00
Q1928	when did roth iras start	Roth IRA	For example, if one is single, aged 49 or under, and earns $10,000, one can contribute a maximum of $5,000 in 2008.	00
Q1928	when did roth iras start	Roth IRA	However, if one is single and earns $2,000, one can contribute only a maximum of $2,000 in 2008 ($2,000 is the lesser of $2,000 and $5,000).	00
Q1928	when did roth iras start	Roth IRA	* Since 2009, contribution limits have been assessed for potential increases based on inflation, though the contribution limits for 2009 through 2012 remained unchanged.	00
Q1928	when did roth iras start	Roth IRA	Nor will the funds divide.	00
Q1931	who wrote the song hallelujah	Hallelujah (Leonard Cohen song)	"Hallelujah" is a song written by Canadian singer-songwriter Leonard Cohen , originally released on his album Various Positions (1984).	11
Q1931	who wrote the song hallelujah	Hallelujah (Leonard Cohen song)	Achieving little initial success, the song found greater popular acclaim through a cover by John Cale , which later formed the basis for a cover by Jeff Buckley .	00
Q1931	who wrote the song hallelujah	Hallelujah (Leonard Cohen song)	It is the subject of the book The Holy or the Broken: Leonard Cohen, Jeff Buckley & the Unlikely Ascent of "Hallelujah" (2012) by Alan Light .	00
Q1931	who wrote the song hallelujah	Hallelujah (Leonard Cohen song)	In a New York Times review of this, Janet Maslin praises the book and the song, noting that "Cohen spent years struggling with his song 'Hallelujah.' . . .	00
Q1931	who wrote the song hallelujah	Hallelujah (Leonard Cohen song)	He wrote perhaps as many as 80 verses before paring the song down."	00
Q1931	who wrote the song hallelujah	Hallelujah (Leonard Cohen song)	Many cover versions have been performed by many and various singers, both in recordings and in concert, with over 300 versions known.	00
Q1931	who wrote the song hallelujah	Hallelujah (Leonard Cohen song)	The song has been used in film and television soundtracks, and televised talent contests.	00
Q1931	who wrote the song hallelujah	Hallelujah (Leonard Cohen song)	It is often called one of the greatest songs of all time.	00
Q1933	what is a depolarizing and nondepolarizing agent	Neuromuscular-blocking drug	Global view of a neuromuscular junction:1.	00
Q1933	what is a depolarizing and nondepolarizing agent	Neuromuscular-blocking drug	Axon2 .	00
Q1933	what is a depolarizing and nondepolarizing agent	Neuromuscular-blocking drug	Motor end-plate3.	00
Q1933	what is a depolarizing and nondepolarizing agent	Neuromuscular-blocking drug	Muscle fiber4 .	00
Q1933	what is a depolarizing and nondepolarizing agent	Neuromuscular-blocking drug	Myofibril	00
Q1933	what is a depolarizing and nondepolarizing agent	Neuromuscular-blocking drug	Detailed view of a neuromuscular junction:1.	00
Q1933	what is a depolarizing and nondepolarizing agent	Neuromuscular-blocking drug	Presynaptic terminal2.	00
Q1933	what is a depolarizing and nondepolarizing agent	Neuromuscular-blocking drug	Sarcolemma3 .	00
Q1933	what is a depolarizing and nondepolarizing agent	Neuromuscular-blocking drug	Synaptic vesicle4 .	00
Q1933	what is a depolarizing and nondepolarizing agent	Neuromuscular-blocking drug	Nicotinic acetylcholine receptor5 .	00
Q1933	what is a depolarizing and nondepolarizing agent	Neuromuscular-blocking drug	Mitochondrion	00
Q1933	what is a depolarizing and nondepolarizing agent	Neuromuscular-blocking drug	Neuromuscular-blocking drugs block neuromuscular transmission at the neuromuscular junction , causing paralysis of the affected skeletal muscles .	00
Q1933	what is a depolarizing and nondepolarizing agent	Neuromuscular-blocking drug	This is accomplished either by acting presynaptically via the inhibition of acetylcholine (ACh) synthesis or release or by acting postsynaptically at the acetylcholine receptors of the motor nerve end-plate.	00
Q1933	what is a depolarizing and nondepolarizing agent	Neuromuscular-blocking drug	While some drugs act presynaptically (such as botulinum toxin and tetanus toxin ), those of current clinical importance work postsynaptically.	00
Q1933	what is a depolarizing and nondepolarizing agent	Neuromuscular-blocking drug	In clinical use, neuromuscular block is used adjunctively to anesthesia to produce paralysis , firstly to paralyse the vocal cords, and permit intubation of the trachea, and secondly to optimize the surgical field by inhibiting spontaneous ventilation, and causing relaxation of skeletal muscles.	00
Q1933	what is a depolarizing and nondepolarizing agent	Neuromuscular-blocking drug	Because the appropriate dose of neuromuscular-blocking drug may paralyze muscles required for breathing (i.e., the diaphragm), mechanical ventilation should be available to maintain adequate respiration .	00
Q1933	what is a depolarizing and nondepolarizing agent	Neuromuscular-blocking drug	Patients are still aware of pain even after full conduction block has occurred; hence, general anesthetics and/or analgesics must also be given to prevent anesthesia awareness .	00
Q1933	what is a depolarizing and nondepolarizing agent	Neuromuscular-blocking drug	Quaternary ammonium muscle relaxants are quaternary ammonium salts used as drugs for muscle relaxation , most commonly in anesthesia .	00
Q1933	what is a depolarizing and nondepolarizing agent	Neuromuscular-blocking drug	It is necessary to prevent spontaneous movement of muscle during surgical operations .	00
Q1933	what is a depolarizing and nondepolarizing agent	Neuromuscular-blocking drug	Muscle relaxants inhibit neuron transmission to muscle by blocking the nicotinic acetylcholine receptor .	00
Q1933	what is a depolarizing and nondepolarizing agent	Neuromuscular-blocking drug	What they have in common, and is necessary for their effect, is the structural presence of quaternary ammonium groups, usually two.	00
Q1933	what is a depolarizing and nondepolarizing agent	Neuromuscular-blocking drug	Some of them are found in nature and others are synthesized molecules.	00
Q1935	what years was the 18th century	18th century	Washington crossing the Delaware, Dec. 25 1776, an iconic event of the American Revolution	00
Q1935	what years was the 18th century	18th century	Storming of the Bastille, July 14, 1789, an iconic event of the French Revolution	00
Q1935	what years was the 18th century	18th century	1700 CE world map	00
Q1935	what years was the 18th century	18th century	The 18th century lasted from January 1, 1701 to December 31, 1800 in the Gregorian calendar .	11
Q1935	what years was the 18th century	18th century	During the 18th century, the Enlightenment culminated in the French and American revolutions .	00
Q1935	what years was the 18th century	18th century	Philosophy and science increased in prominence.	00
Q1935	what years was the 18th century	18th century	Philosophers dreamed of a brighter age.	00
Q1935	what years was the 18th century	18th century	This dream turned into a reality with the French Revolution, although it was later compromised by excess of the terror of Maximilien Robespierre .	00
Q1935	what years was the 18th century	18th century	At first, the monarchies of Europe embraced Enlightenment ideals, but with the French Revolution they feared losing their power and joined wide coalitions with the counter-revolution .	00
Q1935	what years was the 18th century	18th century	The Ottoman Empire was undergoing a protracted decline, as it failed to keep up with the technological advances in Europe.	00
Q1935	what years was the 18th century	18th century	The Tulip period symbolized a period of peace and reorientation towards European society, after victory against a burgeoning Russian Empire in the Pruth River Campaign .	00
Q1935	what years was the 18th century	18th century	Throughout the century various reforms were introduced with limited success.	00
Q1935	what years was the 18th century	18th century	The 18th century also marked the end of the Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth as an independent state.	00
Q1935	what years was the 18th century	18th century	The once powerful and vast kingdom, that was once able to conquer Moscow and defeat the great Ottoman armies, collapsed under numerous invasions.	00
Q1935	what years was the 18th century	18th century	Its semi-democratic government system was not efficient enough to rival the neighbouring monarchies of Prussia , Russia and Austria who divided the Commonwealth territories among them, changing the landscape of Central European politics for the next hundred years.	00
Q1935	what years was the 18th century	18th century	Great Britain became a major power worldwide with the defeat of France in the Americas , in the 1760s and the conquest of large parts of India .	00
Q1935	what years was the 18th century	18th century	However, Britain lost much of its North American colonies after the American Revolution , which was actively helped by the French.	00
Q1935	what years was the 18th century	18th century	The industrial revolution started in Britain around 1770s with the production of the improved steam engine .	00
Q1935	what years was the 18th century	18th century	Despite its modest beginnings in the 18th century, it would radically change human society and the environment.	00
Q1935	what years was the 18th century	18th century	Western historians have occasionally defined the 18th century otherwise for the purposes of their work.	00
Q1935	what years was the 18th century	18th century	For example, the "short" 18th century may be defined as 1715–1789, denoting the period of time between the death of Louis XIV of France and the start of the French Revolution with an emphasis on directly interconnected events.	00
Q1935	what years was the 18th century	18th century	To historians who expand the century to include larger historical movements, the "long" 18th century may run from the Glorious Revolution of 1688 to the battle of Waterloo in 1815 or even later.	00
Q1937	what year was the eiffel tower made	Eiffel Tower	The Eiffel Tower (, ) is an iron lattice tower located on the Champ de Mars in Paris , named after the engineer Gustave Eiffel , whose company designed and built the tower.	00
Q1937	what year was the eiffel tower made	Eiffel Tower	Erected in 1889 as the entrance arch to the 1889 World's Fair , it has become both a global cultural icon of France and one of the most recognizable structures in the world.	11
Q1937	what year was the eiffel tower made	Eiffel Tower	The tower is the tallest structure in Paris and the most-visited paid monument in the world; 7.1 million people ascended it in 2011.	00
Q1937	what year was the eiffel tower made	Eiffel Tower	The third level observatory's upper platform is at the highest accessible to public in the European Union and the highest in Europe as long as the platform of the Ostankino Tower , at , remains closed as a result of the fire of August 2000.	00
Q1937	what year was the eiffel tower made	Eiffel Tower	The tower received its 250 millionth visitor in 2010.	00
Q1937	what year was the eiffel tower made	Eiffel Tower	The tower stands tall, about the same height as an 81-storey building.	00

Q1916

what is a ace in paddleball

One wall paddleball

A typical paddleball paddle.

00

Q1916

what is a ace in paddleball

One wall paddleball

One Wall Paddleball is an American ball game that consists in hitting a small rubber ball against a single wall by using paddles .

00

Q1916

what is a ace in paddleball

One wall paddleball

It can be played in singles (1 versus 1) or in doubles (2 versus 2).

00

Q1916

what is a ace in paddleball

One wall paddleball

The general rule of the game is that the ball must hit the wall without touching the court floor more than once in order to be a valid rally .

00

Q1916

what is a ace in paddleball

One wall paddleball

The balls are usually of the colors black , blue , and green .

00

Q1916

what is a ace in paddleball

One wall paddleball

The paddles were originally made of wood , but they are now primarily made of materials such as graphite and titanium..

00

Q1916

what is a ace in paddleball

One wall paddleball

The Black Beauty paddle pictured on the right was actually designed by doubles champion, Chris Lecakes and manufactured by Nat Marks of MarCraft.

00

Q1916

what is a ace in paddleball

One wall paddleball

The original Black Beauty paddle remains in the possession of the Lecakes family.

00

Q1916

what is a ace in paddleball

One wall paddleball

The game is popular in places where the weather permits outdoor plays such as New York , Florida , New Jersey , Connecticut , California and Puerto Rico , although indoor courts, albeit rare, exist.

00

Q1916

what is a ace in paddleball

One wall paddleball

Tournaments are ruled by the American Paddleball Association .

00

Q1917

who playeed val on the nanny

List of The Nanny characters

The following is a list of characters from The Nanny .

00

Q1918

what states allow same sex marriage

Same-sex marriage in the United States

Same-sex marriage is legally recognized in several jurisdictions within the United States.

00

Q1918

what states allow same sex marriage

Same-sex marriage in the United States

As of May 2013, ten states— Connecticut , Iowa , Maine , Maryland , Massachusetts , New Hampshire , New York , Rhode Island , Vermont , and Washington —as well as the District of Columbia and three Native American tribes —have legalized same-sex marriage, representing 16.1% of the U.S. population.

11

Q1918

what states allow same sex marriage

Same-sex marriage in the United States

In addition, California , which briefly granted same-sex marriages in 2008, now recognizes them on a conditional basis.

00

Q1918

what states allow same sex marriage

Same-sex marriage in the United States

While several jurisdictions have legalized same-sex marriage through court rulings, legislative action, and popular vote , nine states prohibit same-sex marriage by statute and 30 prohibit it in their constitutions .

00

Q1918

what states allow same sex marriage

Same-sex marriage in the United States

The Defense of Marriage Act (DOMA), enacted in 1996, prevents the federal government from recognizing same-sex marriages and allows each state to refuse recognition of same-sex marriages performed in other states.

00

Q1918

what states allow same sex marriage

Same-sex marriage in the United States

The provision of DOMA forbidding the federal government from recognizing same-sex marriages has been found unconstitutional in eight federal courts , including two federal appeals courts .

00

Q1918

what states allow same sex marriage

Same-sex marriage in the United States

Five of these cases are pending review by the Supreme Court .

00

Q1918

what states allow same sex marriage

Same-sex marriage in the United States

The movement to obtain marriage rights and benefits for same-sex couples in the United States began in the 1970s, but became more prominent in U.S. politics in 1993 when the Hawaii Supreme Court declared the state's prohibition to be unconstitutional in Baehr v. Lewin .

00

Q1918

what states allow same sex marriage

Same-sex marriage in the United States

During the 21st century, public support for legalizing same-sex marriage has grown considerably, and various national polls conducted since 2011 show that a majority of Americans support same-sex marriage.

00

Q1918

what states allow same sex marriage

Same-sex marriage in the United States

On May 9, 2012, Barack Obama became the first sitting U.S. president to publicly declare support for the legalization of same-sex marriage.

00

Q1918

what states allow same sex marriage

Same-sex marriage in the United States

On November 6, 2012, Maine , Maryland , and Washington became the first states to legalize same-sex marriage through popular vote.

00

Q1922

who served as president for one day

David Rice Atchison

Portrait by George Caleb Bingham

00

Q1922

who served as president for one day

David Rice Atchison

Statue at Clinton County Courthouse in Missouri

00

Q1922

who served as president for one day

David Rice Atchison

David Rice Atchison (August 11, 1807January 26, 1886) was a mid-19th century Democratic United States Senator from Missouri .

00

Q1922

who served as president for one day

David Rice Atchison

He served as President pro tempore of the United States Senate for six years.

00

Q1922

who served as president for one day

David Rice Atchison

He is best known for the claim that for one day (March 4, 1849) he may have been Acting President of the United States .

00

Q1922

who served as president for one day

David Rice Atchison

Atchison, owner of many slaves and a plantation, was a prominent pro-slavery activist and Border Ruffian leader, deeply involved with violence against abolitionists and other free-staters during the " Bleeding Kansas " events.

00

Q1928

when did roth iras start

Roth IRA

A Roth IRA ( Individual Retirement Arrangement ) is a special type of retirement plan under US law that is generally not taxed, provided certain conditions are met.

00

Q1928

when did roth iras start

Roth IRA

The tax law of the United States allows a tax reduction on a limited amount of saving for retirement.

00

Q1928

when did roth iras start

Roth IRA

The Roth IRA's principal difference from most other tax advantaged retirement plans is that, rather than granting a tax break for money placed into the plan, the tax break is granted on the money withdrawn from the plan during retirement.

00

Q1928

when did roth iras start

Roth IRA

A Roth IRA can be an individual retirement account containing investments in securities , usually common stocks and bonds , often through mutual funds (although other investments, including derivatives, notes, certificates of deposit , and real estate are possible).

00

Q1928

when did roth iras start

Roth IRA

A Roth IRA can also be an individual retirement annuity , which is an annuity contract or an endowment contract purchased from a life insurance company.

00

Q1928

when did roth iras start

Roth IRA

As with all IRAs, the Internal Revenue Service mandates specific eligibility and filing status requirements.

00

Q1928

when did roth iras start

Roth IRA

A Roth IRA's main advantages are its tax structure and the additional flexibility that this tax structure provides.

00

Q1928

when did roth iras start

Roth IRA

Also, there are fewer restrictions on the investments that can be made in the plan than many other tax advantaged plans, and this adds somewhat to the popularity, though the investment options available depend on the trustee (or the place where the plan is established).

00

Q1928

when did roth iras start

Roth IRA

The total contributions allowed per year to all IRAs is the lesser of one's taxable compensation (which is not the same as adjusted gross income ) and the limit amounts as seen below (this total may be split up between any number of traditional and Roth IRAs.

00

Q1928

when did roth iras start

Roth IRA

In the case of a married couple, each spouse may contribute the amount listed):

00

Q1928

when did roth iras start

Roth IRA

For example, if one is single, aged 49 or under, and earns $10,000, one can contribute a maximum of $5,000 in 2008.

00

Q1928

when did roth iras start

Roth IRA

However, if one is single and earns $2,000, one can contribute only a maximum of $2,000 in 2008 ($2,000 is the lesser of $2,000 and $5,000).

00

Q1928

when did roth iras start

Roth IRA

* Since 2009, contribution limits have been assessed for potential increases based on inflation, though the contribution limits for 2009 through 2012 remained unchanged.

00

Q1928

when did roth iras start

Roth IRA

Nor will the funds divide.

00

Q1931

who wrote the song hallelujah

Hallelujah (Leonard Cohen song)

"Hallelujah" is a song written by Canadian singer-songwriter Leonard Cohen , originally released on his album Various Positions (1984).

11

Q1931

who wrote the song hallelujah

Hallelujah (Leonard Cohen song)

Achieving little initial success, the song found greater popular acclaim through a cover by John Cale , which later formed the basis for a cover by Jeff Buckley .

00

Q1931

who wrote the song hallelujah

Hallelujah (Leonard Cohen song)

It is the subject of the book The Holy or the Broken: Leonard Cohen, Jeff Buckley & the Unlikely Ascent of "Hallelujah" (2012) by Alan Light .

00

Q1931

who wrote the song hallelujah

Hallelujah (Leonard Cohen song)

In a New York Times review of this, Janet Maslin praises the book and the song, noting that "Cohen spent years struggling with his song 'Hallelujah.' . . .

00

Q1931

who wrote the song hallelujah

Hallelujah (Leonard Cohen song)

He wrote perhaps as many as 80 verses before paring the song down."

00

Q1931

who wrote the song hallelujah

Hallelujah (Leonard Cohen song)

Many cover versions have been performed by many and various singers, both in recordings and in concert, with over 300 versions known.

00

Q1931

who wrote the song hallelujah

Hallelujah (Leonard Cohen song)

The song has been used in film and television soundtracks, and televised talent contests.

00

Q1931

who wrote the song hallelujah

Hallelujah (Leonard Cohen song)

It is often called one of the greatest songs of all time.

00

Q1933

what is a depolarizing and nondepolarizing agent

Neuromuscular-blocking drug

Global view of a neuromuscular junction:1.

00

Q1933

what is a depolarizing and nondepolarizing agent

Neuromuscular-blocking drug

Axon2 .

00

Q1933

what is a depolarizing and nondepolarizing agent

Neuromuscular-blocking drug

Motor end-plate3.

00

Q1933

what is a depolarizing and nondepolarizing agent

Neuromuscular-blocking drug

Muscle fiber4 .

00

Q1933

what is a depolarizing and nondepolarizing agent

Neuromuscular-blocking drug

Myofibril

00

Q1933

what is a depolarizing and nondepolarizing agent

Neuromuscular-blocking drug

Detailed view of a neuromuscular junction:1.

00

Q1933

what is a depolarizing and nondepolarizing agent

Neuromuscular-blocking drug

Presynaptic terminal2.

00

Q1933

what is a depolarizing and nondepolarizing agent

Neuromuscular-blocking drug

Sarcolemma3 .

00

Q1933

what is a depolarizing and nondepolarizing agent

Neuromuscular-blocking drug

Synaptic vesicle4 .

00

Q1933

what is a depolarizing and nondepolarizing agent

Neuromuscular-blocking drug

Nicotinic acetylcholine receptor5 .

00

Q1933

what is a depolarizing and nondepolarizing agent

Neuromuscular-blocking drug

Mitochondrion

00

Q1933

what is a depolarizing and nondepolarizing agent

Neuromuscular-blocking drug

Neuromuscular-blocking drugs block neuromuscular transmission at the neuromuscular junction , causing paralysis of the affected skeletal muscles .

00

Q1933

what is a depolarizing and nondepolarizing agent

Neuromuscular-blocking drug

This is accomplished either by acting presynaptically via the inhibition of acetylcholine (ACh) synthesis or release or by acting postsynaptically at the acetylcholine receptors of the motor nerve end-plate.

00

Q1933

what is a depolarizing and nondepolarizing agent

Neuromuscular-blocking drug

While some drugs act presynaptically (such as botulinum toxin and tetanus toxin ), those of current clinical importance work postsynaptically.

00

Q1933

what is a depolarizing and nondepolarizing agent

Neuromuscular-blocking drug

In clinical use, neuromuscular block is used adjunctively to anesthesia to produce paralysis , firstly to paralyse the vocal cords, and permit intubation of the trachea, and secondly to optimize the surgical field by inhibiting spontaneous ventilation, and causing relaxation of skeletal muscles.

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Q1933

what is a depolarizing and nondepolarizing agent

Neuromuscular-blocking drug

Because the appropriate dose of neuromuscular-blocking drug may paralyze muscles required for breathing (i.e., the diaphragm), mechanical ventilation should be available to maintain adequate respiration .

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Q1933

what is a depolarizing and nondepolarizing agent

Neuromuscular-blocking drug

Patients are still aware of pain even after full conduction block has occurred; hence, general anesthetics and/or analgesics must also be given to prevent anesthesia awareness .

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Q1933

what is a depolarizing and nondepolarizing agent

Neuromuscular-blocking drug

Quaternary ammonium muscle relaxants are quaternary ammonium salts used as drugs for muscle relaxation , most commonly in anesthesia .

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Q1933

what is a depolarizing and nondepolarizing agent

Neuromuscular-blocking drug

It is necessary to prevent spontaneous movement of muscle during surgical operations .

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Q1933

what is a depolarizing and nondepolarizing agent

Neuromuscular-blocking drug

Muscle relaxants inhibit neuron transmission to muscle by blocking the nicotinic acetylcholine receptor .

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Q1933

what is a depolarizing and nondepolarizing agent

Neuromuscular-blocking drug

What they have in common, and is necessary for their effect, is the structural presence of quaternary ammonium groups, usually two.

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Q1933

what is a depolarizing and nondepolarizing agent

Neuromuscular-blocking drug

Some of them are found in nature and others are synthesized molecules.

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Q1935