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[ "The Rastafari movement is a monotheistic, Abrahamic, new religious movement, that accepts Haile Selassie I, the former, and final, Emperor of Ethiopia, as the incarnation of Jesus Christ, called Jah or Jah Rastafari.", "'Jah’ means the same as the Christian God and Rastafari, or Rasta is a religious movement originating in Jamaica in the 1930s." ]

{ "is_selected": [ 0, 1, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1 ], "passage_text": [ "Some Rastafarians hold Haile Selassie I as Jah (God) himself. Some Rastafarians believe Haile Selassie I is the son of Jah, the Messiah. People who follow this path sometimes believe that Haile Selassie I is the 'the Son' part of the Holy Trinity.", "Question: Is the Rastafarian / Rasta god ‘Jah’ the same as the Christian God?. Answer: Rastafarianism, Rastafari, or Rasta is a religious movement originating in Jamaica in the 1930s. Rastafarianism takes elements of the Bible and combines them with the ideology of Marcus Garvey and the belief that Haile Selassie I, emperor of Ethiopia (1930—1975) was the second advent of the Messiah.", "In Rasta, Jah is accepted as part of the Holy Trinity and, as the messiah, is expected to return. The term “Rastafari” comes from the combination of a term of honor and a name. Ras means “Chief” and Tafari was the first name of Haile Selassie I prior to his coronation.", "The term “Rasta” refers to the the Rastafarian movement that emerged in Jamaica in the 1930s and originally started among black members of the poor and peasant classes. It is both a philosophy of life and a religion. Central to the religion is Haile Selassie I, who was the last emperor of Ethiopia.", "Jah is often placed in front of Ras Tafari, referring to him as lord. He was an Ethiopian Emperor that many claim to be Christ in the second coming or Almighty God himself. Many Rastas consider Haile Selassie to be divine. Many Rastafarians worship him.", "Most adherents see Haile Selassie I as Jah or Jah Rastafari, an incarnation of God the Father, the Second Advent of Christ the Anointed One, i.e. the Second Coming of Jesus Christ the King to Earth. Many elements of Rastafari reflect its origins in Jamaica and Ethiopia.", "Rastafari is an Abrahamic new religious movement that accepts Haile Selassie I, the Ethiopian emperor from 1930 to 1974 as God incarnate and the Messiah who will deliver believers to the Promised Land, identified by Rastas as Ethiopia. It has its roots in black-empowerment and back-to-Africa movements.", "Rastafari. The Rastafari movement is a monotheistic, Abrahamic, new religious movement, that accepts Haile Selassie I, the former, and final, Emperor of Ethiopia, as the incarnation of Jesus Christ, called Jah or Jah Rastafari." ], "url": [ "http://www.urbandictionary.com/define.php?term=Rastafari", "http://www.gotquestions.org/Rastafarian-Jah.html", "http://www.wisegeek.org/what-is-rasta.htm", "http://www.wisegeek.org/what-is-rasta.htm", "http://www.greateststoryevertold.org/jah.html", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rastafari_movement", "http://altreligion.about.com/od/alternativereligionsaz/a/rastafari.htm", "http://www.urbandictionary.com/define.php?term=Rastafari" ] }

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{ "is_selected": [ 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0 ], "passage_text": [ "Doctor London, KY Salary. Doctor London, KY average salary is $164,136, median salary is $143,146 with a salary range from $20,800 to $475,000. Doctor London, KY salaries are collected from government agencies and companies. Each salary is associated with a real job position. Doctor London, KY salary statistics is not exclusive and is for reference only. They are presented as is and updated regularly.", "Medical Doctor Louisville, KY Salary. Medical Doctor Louisville, KY average salary is $60,695, median salary is $52,000 with a salary range from $20,312 to $550,000. Medical Doctor Louisville, KY salaries are collected from government agencies and companies. Each salary is associated with a real job position. Medical Doctor Louisville, KY salary statistics is not exclusive and is for reference only. Medical Doctor Louisville, KY salary is full-time annual starting salary.", "New Search Kentucky Physician Generalist SalariesNew SearchWithin Kentucky there is a lot of variation in Physician Generalist Salaries. These variations depend on on a wide range of factors from population to general competitiveness in the market. New Search. Examines and treats general client base to ensure proper injury care, disease prevention, diagnosis, treatment, and recovery.", "Average Medical Doctor salaries for job postings in Louisville, KY are 21% lower than average Medical Doctor salaries for job postings nationwide. ", "Average physician income ranges from $239,000 in the Northeast to $258,000 in the Great Lakes area. Certain regions of the country may have to pay more to attract doctors, so physician salaries often reflect the level of competition more than the cost of living. Doctors in rural areas actually tend to earn more. While dermatologists earn $308,000 and plastic surgeons earn $321,000, 65% of dermatologists are satisfied with their careers, compared to just 37% of plastic surgeons. And only about one in four dermatologists spends more than 40 hours a week seeing patients, compared to more than half", "New Search Kentucky ER Doctor SalariesNew SearchWithin Kentucky there is a lot of variation in ER Doctor Salaries. These variations depend on on a wide range of factors from population to general competitiveness in the market. Treats patients in emergency room to ensure proper injury care and disease diagnosis, treatment, and recovery. Requests necessary tests and follow-up visits and refers patients to specialists, as necessary. Requires a degree in medicine from an accredited school and is licensed to practice.", "Average Physician salaries for job postings in Kentucky are 14% lower than average Physician salaries for job postings nationwide. ", "Nurse practitioners in Lexington reported an average salary of $72,824, while NPs in Louisville earned some of the highest salaries in Kentucky, at $80,421 on average. Advance for NPs & PAs, a peer reviewed journal, reported a recent significant increase in average salaries for nurse practitioners in the state of Kentucky, from $78,500 in 2010 to $88,423 in 2011, an increase of 4.5%." ], "url": [ "http://www.salarylist.com/jobs/London-KY/Doctor-Salary.htm", "http://www.salarylist.com/jobs/Louisville-KY/Medical-Doctor-Salary.htm", "http://www1.salary.com/KY/Physician-Generalist-salary.html", "http://www.indeed.com/salary/q-Medical-Doctor-l-Louisville,-KY.html", "http://www.businessinsider.com/how-much-salary-does-a-doctor-make-2014-4", "http://www1.salary.com/KY/ER-Doctor-salary.html", "http://www.indeed.com/salary/q-Physician-l-Kentucky.html", "http://www.graduatenursingedu.org/kentucky/kentucky-salary/" ] }

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[ "4 years." ]

{ "is_selected": [ 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1, 0 ], "passage_text": [ "For the first two years of medical school, students spend their time in laboratories and classrooms, studying topics such as biochemistry, advanced anatomy and physiology, psychology, medical ethics and medico-legal topics. They also learn how to examine patients, take medical histories and diagnose illness.", "This part of the medical school requirement is similar to taking upper-level courses in undergrad, albeit at an accelerated pace. At the end of the second (M2) year, med students take the USMLE Step 1, which may arguably be the most important examination of your medical education (yes, even more than the MCAT !).", "It is generally taken after your 3rd year in medical school. USMLE Step 3 is taken after you graduate, usually during your first year of residency and tests more on if you can function independently as a physician.", "YEAR 4 Year four of medical school is much like year three but a bit more specialized. You can delve into the specialties of medicine even more. For example, if you liked internal medicine, you can elect to do a gastroenterology, cardiology or rheumatology rotation. Grading is the same as in year three.", "4. Complete medical school. Most programs take four years to complete, and will earn you either a Doctor of Medicine (M.D.) or Doctor of Osteopathic Medicine (D.O.). During the first two years, students study anatomy, biochemistry, psychology, medical ethics, and other subjects in classroom and laboratory settings.", "The age most people finish medical school really depends – medical school is 4 years and residency is anywhere from 3 to 5 years. Some people pursue fellowships for an additional year or two afterwards.", "So the answer to the question, “how long is medical school,” is 4 years. But medical school alone is not enough to practice medicine as a doctor. If you include residency and fellowship, you will need at least 7 years from the first day of medical school before you can practice medicine in the United States.", "Medical school typically takes 4 years to complete; then there is a 3 to 7 year residency after that, where students undergo supervised training in their specific field of focus." ], "url": [ "http://work.chron.com/long-become-doctor-us-7921.html", "http://www.kaptest.com/blog/med-school-pulse/2014/09/09/long-take-become-doctor/", "http://www.kaptest.com/blog/med-school-pulse/2014/09/09/long-take-become-doctor/", "http://www.studentdoctor.net/2010/01/medical-school-101-what-medical-school-is-really-like/", "http://www.wikihow.com/Become-a-Surgeon", "http://www.kaptest.com/blog/med-school-pulse/2014/09/09/long-take-become-doctor/", "http://www.medicalschoolsuccess.com/how-long-is-medical-school/", "http://www.internationalstudent.com/study-medicine/" ] }

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[ "Risotto" ]

{ "is_selected": [ 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1, 0, 0 ], "passage_text": [ "Answer: Risotto recipes typically call for Arborio rice, a starchy, short grain rice named for the Italian town where it was first grown. Arborio's high amylose content helps give risotto its characteristic creaminess. If you don't have Arborio, Carnaroli rice, a medium-grained rice that also has a high amylose content, is another classic — if lesser known — choice for risotto in parts of northern Italy.", "Orzo is a pasta, shaped like little tiny footballs or fat grains of rice. Arborio rice is a plumper rice, but rice nonetheless. If you are making a risotto (one of the highest uses for Arborio rice), you need the starch that oozes out of the grains of rice as they absorb the cooking liquid.", "In this country, Italian Arborio rice is often used as a substitute for Bomba, because Arborio is widely available. If you use this variety of rice, you'll need to adjust the liquid in your recipe so you're using two cups of water or stock for every cup of rice. ", "I have a risotto recipe that calls for a cup of Arborio rice. I would appreciate advice as to what sort of rice it is and places where I could buy it. Arborio rice is a short, fat-grained rice that is traditionally grown in Italy and used to make risottos. Most types of rice absorb twice their weight in water during cooking, however, Arborio rice can absorb 4-5 times its weight of liquid. This gives it a creamy texture for making risotto, without making it gluggy. It is for this reason that using normal brown or white rice may not be suitable for your risotto recipe.", "A short-grain, pearl-like Italian white rice which is high in starch. Arborio rice forms the foundation of the dish risotto. Riso means rice in Italian. Like other rices, Arborio is a member of the grass family. What distinguishes it is a higher than normal amount of soluble starch that is released during cooking. The starch is what makes a risotto creamy.", "The key to successful risotto-making is to use a short or medium grain rice with a firm texture and high starch content. White sushi rice works nicely. Or experiment with starchy, rice-shaped grains, such as pearled barley or farro. Arborio's high amylose content helps give risotto its characteristic creaminess. If you don't have Arborio, Carnaroli rice, a medium-grained rice that also has a high amylose content, is another classic — if lesser known — choice for risotto in parts of northern Italy.", "Risotto is simply the name of a cooking method for grains. You can use any grain you want, barley, any kind of rice, quinoa, etc. And yes I have made barley risotto, and quinoa risotto among others. Rissoto is not a certain dish or recipe, like way too many people think it is. The reason you normally would want to use Arborio or Carnaroli is because they have a higher amount of amylopectin, a sticky starch that promotes the creaminess and texture of risotto, as compared with other rices that have a higher amount of amylose, a dry starch.", "However, you don't have to buy Arborio to make real risotto. Arborio is a medium grain rice, so you can replace it with any other medium grain rice. Medium grains give off more gluten than long grains (like minute rice or uncle ben's), and that's what gives risotto the creamy texture. Look in the rice aisle for bagged rice that's marked as medium grain. The reason you use Arborio rice is because of the STARCH content-Its nothing to do with gluten. As the risotto-style medium grain rice is agitated through stirring the starch is released to create a creamy sauce.", "I've done risotto with other short grain rices (which includes sushi rice), with good results. I've even used medium grain rice in a pinch, and you'll have to stir more, but it'll come out. " ], "url": [ "http://gourmetfood.about.com/od/specialtyfoods/a/risottosubs.htm", "http://ochef.com/1131.htm", "http://www.mercurynews.com/ci_21412400/paella-rice-bomba-vs-arborio", "http://www.sanitarium.com.au/health-and-wellbeing/arborio-rice", "http://www.food.com/about/arborio-rice-5", "http://gourmetfood.about.com/od/specialtyfoods/a/risottosubs.htm", "https://answers.yahoo.com/question/index?qid=20070101155959AARLIaD", "https://answers.yahoo.com/question/index?qid=20060719084325AAyy3Dv", "http://cooking.stackexchange.com/questions/7976/are-sushi-rice-and-arborio-rice-valid-substitutes-of-each-other" ] }

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[ "A synergist muscle is a muscle which works in concert with another muscle to generate movement.", "Something (as a chemical or a muscle) that enhances the effectiveness of an active agent; broadly: either member of a synergistic pair." ]

{ "is_selected": [ 0, 0, 1, 0, 0, 0, 1 ], "passage_text": [ "Medical Definition of SYNERGIST. 1. : an agent that increases the effectiveness of another agent when combined with it; especially: a drug that acts in synergism with another. 2. : an organ (as a muscle) that acts in concert with another to enhance its effect—compare agonist 1, antagonist a. : something (as a chemical or a muscle) that enhances the effectiveness of an active agent; broadly: either member of a synergistic pair. ADVERTISEMENT.", "anon272083. Post 5. A synergist muscle joins in and assists the prime mover; it is not a stabilizer! A fixator helps maintaining a stable position. The antagonist muscle (in relation to the prime mover) relaxes, as muscles tend to work in pairs-one side contracts as the opposite side relaxes. Alchemy. Post 3. @ Fiorite-Think of the terms synergist and agonist as a descriptor that describes the purpose of the muscle it is referred to. A synergist muscle can be the same as an agonist,or it can work with an agonist to perform a similar function. A synergist muscle prevents a muscle from oversextnding.", "Definition of SYNERGIST. : something (as a chemical or a muscle) that enhances the effectiveness of an active agent; broadly: either member of a synergistic pair. ADVERTISEMENT. noun syn·er·gist \\-jəst\\", "3. Synergist: The synergist in a movement is the muscle(s) that stabilises a joint around which movement is occurring, which in turn helps the agonist function effectively. Synergist muscles also help to create the movement. 1. Agonist: The agonist in a movement is the muscle(s) that provides the major force to complete the movement. Because of this agonists are known as the ‘prime movers’. In the bicep curl which produces flexion at the elbow, the biceps muscle is the agonist, as seen in the image below.", "Synergist and Eccentric Defined. In order for movement to occur, muscles must contract. According to Andrew Biel's Trail Guide to the Body, a muscle that leads an action as a primary mover is called an agonist. A muscle that supports the agonist is called a synergist. Muscles that work together in achieving the entire movement are called synergists. Concentric movement is when a muscle is contracting and shortening at the same time. Synergist Muscles. As you lower yourself into the eccentric phase of the squat, all four of your quadriceps are elongated. The four quads are the vastus lateralis, vastus intermedius, vastus medialis and rectus femoris.", "4. Fixator: The fixator in a movement is the muscle(s) that stabilises the origin of the agonist and the joint that the origin spans (moves over) in order to help the agonist function most effectively. In the bicep curl this would be the rotator cuff muscles, the ‘guardians of the shoulder joint’. 1. Agonist: The agonist in a movement is the muscle(s) that provides the major force to complete the movement. Because of this agonists are known as the ‘prime movers’. In the bicep curl which produces flexion at the elbow, the biceps muscle is the agonist, as seen in the image below.", "These 10 facts about space will blow your mind. A synergist muscle is a muscle which works in concert with another muscle to generate movement. These muscles can work with the so-called agonists or prime movers which surround a joint, or the antagonistic muscles, which move in the opposite direction. Alchemy. Post 3. @ Fiorite-Think of the terms synergist and agonist as a descriptor that describes the purpose of the muscle it is referred to. A synergist muscle can be the same as an agonist,or it can work with an agonist to perform a similar function. A synergist muscle prevents a muscle from oversextnding." ], "url": [ "http://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/synergist", "http://www.wisegeek.org/what-is-a-synergist-muscle.htm", "http://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/synergist", "http://www.ptdirect.com/training-design/anatomy-and-physiology/skeletal-muscle-roles-and-contraction-types", "http://livehealthy.chron.com/synergist-muscles-eccentric-phase-squats-8300.html", "http://www.ptdirect.com/training-design/anatomy-and-physiology/skeletal-muscle-roles-and-contraction-types", "http://www.wisegeek.org/what-is-a-synergist-muscle.htm" ] }

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[ "Bonus pay is compensation over and above the amount of pay specified as a base salary or hourly rate of pay." ]

{ "is_selected": [ 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1, 0, 0, 0 ], "passage_text": [ "Percentage of monthly salary adjustment and satisfaction rating in 2014. The average salary adjustment in 2014 is 5.9%. Professional Services is reported to have the highest increase in salary (9.6%). Most of the job functions record an increase in salary adjustment compared with 2013. Basic monthly salary change in 2014. Over half of respondents from different job functions were offered a pay rise and only a low percentage of respondents got a pay cut. The highest percentage of respondents who got a pay cut is from Hospitality / F&B (11%).", "Salary-based performance bonuses reward employees for contributing to the company's success. A bonus modifier gives the company the flexibility to fine-tune an employee's performance bonus. A performance bonus puts a portion of an employee's pay at risk. The employer sets aside a percentage of the employee's salary--say, 25 percent--as a performance bonus. If the employee's performance does not meet expectations, his employer is not obligated to pay the bonus.", "Bonus pay can be distributed randomly as the company can afford to pay a bonus, or the amount of the bonus pay can be specified by contract. Bonus pay that is specified by contract is used most frequently to reward executives. Bonus pay is also used to improve employee morale, motivation, and productivity. As long as bonus pay is discretionary by the employer, it is not considered to be a contract. If the employer promises a bonus, however, the employer may be legally liable to pay the bonus.", "A company may offer a call center manager a bonus modifier of 50 percent if his team achieves a five-star rating in customer satisfaction surveys. Thus, a manager whose salary is $40,000 and whose target bonus is 25 percent of his salary may earn a bonus of $10,000 without a bonus modifier. With the bonus modifier, the same manager earns a bonus of $15,000 if his team achieves a five-star rating. Related Reading: How to Calculate Hourly Rates for Bonuses. A performance bonus puts a portion of an employee's pay at risk. The employer sets aside a percentage of the employee's salary--say, 25 percent--as a performance bonus. If the employee's performance does not meet expectations, his employer is not obligated to pay the bonus.", "Investment banking compensation is structured as a salary + year-end bonus (and often includes a signing bonus in year 1 for new employees). Generally, Analysts and Associates begin working halfway through the calendar year, which makes the junior employee year-end different than the rest of the firm’s employees. ", "Definition: Bonus pay is compensation over and above the amount of pay specified as a base salary or hourly rate of pay. The base amount of compensation is specified in the employee offer letter, in the employee personnel file, or in a contract. Bonus pay is also used to improve employee morale, motivation, and productivity. As long as bonus pay is discretionary by the employer, it is not considered to be a contract. If the employer promises a bonus, however, the employer may be legally liable to pay the bonus.", "BREAKING DOWN 'Bonus'. 1. Bonuses can add up to the majority of some employees' compensation. For example, Goldman Sachs CEO L. Blankfein received $68 million in cash and stock as a 2007 bonus, but only made $600,000 in salary. Due to these high amounts, corporate compensation is public information in public companies. 2", "2 The employee's terms of employment must be changed before the salary or bonus sacrifice arrangement commences. In other words, the employee's right to the higher salary or bonus must be given up before it is treated as received for income tax or National Insurance purposes-it can't be done after the event. Employer benefits from salary or bonus sacrifice Cutting an employee's earnings usually means the employer will pay less NI than before.  An employer has to pay National Insurance on all earnings above the earnings threshold, so the employer see a saving of 13.8% of the sacrificed amount.", "Bonus pay is used by many organizations as a thank you to employees or a team that achieves significant goals. Bonus pay is also used to improve employee morale, motivation, and productivity. As long as bonus pay is discretionary by the employer, it is not considered to be a contract. If the employer promises a bonus, however, the employer may be legally liable to pay the bonus." ], "url": [ "http://hk.jobsdb.com/HK/en/staticcontent/job-seeker-salary-survey/2014/salary-bonus-and-double-pay.htm", "http://smallbusiness.chron.com/bonus-modifier-salary-10304.html", "http://humanresources.about.com/od/glossaryb/g/bonus.htm", "http://smallbusiness.chron.com/bonus-modifier-salary-10304.html", "http://www.ibankinginsider.com/on-the-job/investment-banking-salary-total-pay/", "http://humanresources.about.com/od/glossaryb/g/bonus.htm", "http://www.investopedia.com/terms/b/bonus.asp", "http://www.jjfsltd.com/wp-content/uploads/Salary-Sacrifice-Summary-2013.pdf", "http://humanresources.about.com/od/glossaryb/g/bonus.htm" ] }

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[ "4 inches in height and 7 inches in width." ]

{ "is_selected": [ 1, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0 ], "passage_text": [ "Hi, The standard size of cheque is 4 inches in height and 7 inches in width. What is the size of a standard-size brick? 2 1/4 X 3 3/4 X 8 inches In the United States, modern bricks are usually about 8 × 4 × 2.25 inches (203 × 102 × 57 mm).", "It is now mandatory for banks to strictly issue standardised and enhanced new format of cheques called CTS-2010. Which will be available from 30th Sept 2012. Also already circulated cheques will be replaced within 31st December 2012. So it is necessary for all to understand how your new cheque format looks like. Latest news-Deadline of 31st December 2012 is extended to 31st March 2013 from RBI. This will make all cheques feel like same across all banks. 2) All cheques carry standardised watermark called “CTS-INDIA” which can be seen when you held cheque against light. This feature will avoid fraudulent from photocopying or printing it. Mark will be in oval shape, and diameter of it is 2.6 to 3.0 cms.", "The size of a book is generally measured by the height against the width of a leaf, or sometimes the height and width of its cover. A series of terms is commonly used by libraries and publishers for the general sizes of modern books, ranging from folio (the largest), to quarto (smaller) and octavo (still smaller). For example, a quarto (from Latin quartō, ablative form of quartus, fourth) historically was a book printed on a sheet of paper folded twice to produce four leaves (or eight pages), each leaf one fourth the size of the original sheet printed.", "A bathroom sink drain hole is typically 1.25 inches in diameter. While a bathroom sink's design and overall size may vary from one model to the next, the drain holes are fairly standard, 1.25 inches being a general standard, with widths of 1.5 inches and 1.625 inches also common. The size of the hole helps determine which size drain is needed for that particular sink. If the opening in the upper part of the sink basin is, for instance, 1.5 inches wide, the drain can be 1.25 or 1.5 inches wide. This variation comes into play because the opening in the basin is generally a lot wider in this visible flange area.", "The size and proportions of a book will thus depend on the size of the original sheet of paper used in producing the book. For example, if a sheet 19 inches by 25 inches is used to print a quarto, the resulting book will be approximately 12.5 inches tall and 9.5 inches wide, before trimming. Because the size of paper used has differed over the years and localities, the sizes of books of the same format will also differ. For example, a quarto (from Latin quartō, ablative form of quartus, fourth) historically was a book printed on a sheet of paper folded twice to produce four leaves (or eight pages), each leaf one fourth the size of the original sheet printed.", "Sizing the Drain. The drain on a sink has to be narrower or equal to the size of the drain hole. If the opening in the upper part of the sink basin is, for instance, 1.5 inches wide, the drain can be 1.25 or 1.5 inches wide. This variation comes into play because the opening in the basin is generally a lot wider in this visible flange area.", "One very important point to note is that the measurement of the face size MUST be 1.25 inches or 32mm from the bottom of your chin to the top of your head. If a religious head … dress is worn, then the measurement will be from the bottom of the chin to the top of the head dress. What is the size of a standard-size brick? 2 1/4 X 3 3/4 X 8 inches In the United States, modern bricks are usually about 8 × 4 × 2.25 inches (203 × 102 × 57 mm)." ], "url": [ "http://www.answers.com/Q/What_is_the_standard_size_of_a_check_leaf", "http://www.basunivesh.com/2012/09/03/know-your-new-cts-2010-standard-bank-cheque-format/", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Book_size", "http://homeguides.sfgate.com/standard-size-drain-hole-bathroom-sink-88102.html", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Book_size", "http://homeguides.sfgate.com/standard-size-drain-hole-bathroom-sink-88102.html", "http://www.answers.com/Q/What_is_the_standard_size_of_a_check_leaf" ] }

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[ "Dental veneers, also known as porcelain veneers or composite veneers are thin shells of tooth-colored, translucent porcelain or composite resin, custom made to fit over teeth and improve their color, shape and overall appearance." ]

{ "is_selected": [ 0, 1, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0 ], "passage_text": [ "The major disadvantages of porcelain veneers over composite resin include the following: 1 Porcelain veneers are not made at chairside. 2 Porcelain veneers are fabricated in a dental laboratory and therefore require at least two visits. 3 Composite resin veneers are accomplished in one visit. The major disadvantages of porcelain veneers over composite resin include the following: 1 Porcelain veneers are not made at chairside. 2 Porcelain veneers are more expensive than composite veneers. 3 Porcelain veneers cannot be repaired.", "Dental veneers, also known as porcelain veneers or composite veneers are thin shells of tooth-colored, translucent porcelain or composite resin, custom made to fit over teeth and improve their color, shape and overall appearance. Placement of dental veneers can dramatically improve your smile and appearance. The major disadvantages of porcelain veneers over composite resin include the following: 1 Porcelain veneers are not made at chairside. 2 Porcelain veneers are more expensive than composite veneers. 3 Porcelain veneers cannot be repaired.", "Chairside Veneers is a great option to enhance your smile. The procedure is used to brighten your teeth and to straighten misaligned teeth. At Maranatha Dentals, Dr. Frank Chang is the specialist for this procedure and he developed a unique method to make this an affordable option for just about everyone. Most porcelain veneers are not repairable, in which they can only be replaced. At Maranatha Dental, we use strong micro-filled composites to restore our Chairside Veneers and the cost is only 1/3 of most regular porcelain veneers. Best of all, the procedure only requires 1 visit.", "1 Porcelain veneers are not made at chairside. 2 Porcelain veneers are fabricated in a dental laboratory and therefore require at least two visits. 3 Composite resin veneers are accomplished in one visit. The major disadvantages of porcelain veneers over composite resin include the following: 1 Porcelain veneers are not made at chairside. 2 Porcelain veneers are more expensive than composite veneers. 3 Porcelain veneers cannot be repaired.", "The chairside labial veneer process is fairly simple, and first includes removing any decayed or weak areas of the tooth that may exist. When using composite resin, once the dentist has completed this step, your tooth would then be prepared for bonding by etching it with a mild acid solution. Print. A veneer is a wafer-thin layer of material molded to the surface of a tooth to correct a chip or crack, or to enhance its cosmetic appearance. Veneers are made of either porcelain, or a composite synthetic resin, such as acrylic polymer or polymethyl methacrylate", "Porcelain veneers are more expensive than indirect or direct composite resin veneers. Traditional porcelain veneers cost between $925 and $2,500 per tooth but can last 10 to 15 years. Composite veneers cost approximately $250 to $1500 per tooth and may last between five and seven years. ", "A tooth colored facing that can be bonded to the tooth to improve the esthetics of a tooth. Whether an old discolored filling, small chip or slightly crooked tooth, a chairside veneer can be placed over the existing tooth with immediate esthetics! ", "Instant Veneers or Chairside Veneers by Dr. Kerbs. An instant veneer or chairside veneer is a cosmetic procedure that is done in one visit. This is a unique and artistic process where the end cosmetic result is completely determined by the eye and technique of the operator. See Examples of Chairside Veneers Below. Instant Chairside Veneers. Dr. Kerbs has been trained by the best in his field and is now considered one of the top professionals to perform this treatment. His technique and ability to sculpt allow him to take composite bonding material and make it form into natural, real looking, and beautiful teeth." ], "url": [ "http://www.sharonalbrightdds.com/dental_facts/dental_veneers/", "http://www.sharonalbrightdds.com/dental_facts/dental_veneers/", "http://www.maranathadental.com/treatments/chairside-veneer/", "http://www.sharonalbrightdds.com/dental_facts/dental_veneers/", "https://patientconnect365.com/DentalHealthTopics/Article/Veneer__Labial_Veneer_Laminate_Chairside__Dental_Procedure_Code_Description", "http://www.yourdentistryguide.com/veneer-procedure/", "http://www.nashvillefirstimpressions.net/blog/post/chairside-veneers.html", "http://www.drjkerbs.com/content/instant-veneers" ] }

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[ "A rounded pastry that can be filled with different sweets, fruits or meats." ]

{ "is_selected": [ 0, 0, 0, 0, 1, 0, 0, 0 ], "passage_text": [ "Haugen, Wisconsin is the Kolache Capital of Wisconsin. The village is a Bohemian settlement that celebrates its Czech Heritage during an annual festival (Haugen Fun Days). Kolaches are a staple of the village's festival with Kolache sales, bake-offs, and tastings. Several cities, including Prague, Nebraska; Caldwell, Texas; East Bernard, Texas; Crosby, Texas; Hallettsville, Texas; St. Ludmila's Catholic Church in Cedar Rapids, Iowa; and Kewaunee, Wisconsin hold annual Kolache Festival celebrations.", "If you're not familiar with a kolache, then you may be wondering what the heck I'm talking about. Allow me to explain. A kolache is a sweetened yeast roll that's been stuffed with a fruit, cream cheese, or a poppy seed filling. The roll is either square or round, and there's a well in the center to contain the filling. ", "A Kolach (plural kolache /kɵˈlɑːtʃi/ , also spelled kolace, kolach, or kolacky, from the Czech and Slovak plural kolače, koláče. sg) kolač koláč is a type of pastry that holds a dollop, of fruit rimmed by a puffy pillow of. supple dough Several cities, including Prague, Nebraska; Caldwell, Texas; East Bernard, Texas; Crosby, Texas; Hallettsville, Texas; St. Ludmila's Catholic Church in Cedar Rapids, Iowa; and Kewaunee, Wisconsin hold annual Kolache Festival celebrations.", "The following are descriptions of kolache from books about the Czech Texans: The Czech people are famous for their pastries, one of which is the kolache...The fillings--poppyseed, pineapple, apricot, cottage cheese and prune are prepared before baking. No one uses a recipe. T he following are descriptions of kolache from books about the Czech Texans: T he Czech people are famous for their pastries, one of which is the kolache...The fillings--poppyseed, pineapple, apricot, cottage cheese and prune are prepared before baking. No one uses a recipe. Kolaches are made from a formula handed down from generation to generation in Czech families.", "A kolache is a rounded pastry that can be filled with different sweets, fruits or meats. Kolaches are largely known as an ideal choice of breakfast pastry but people also enjoy kolaches as a dessert depending on the flavor. In some cultures, kolaches are an alternative to other treats with afternoon tea or coffee. Kolaches date as far back as the 1700s in eastern Europe and came to America with the Czechs who settled in Texas. Particularly in the city of West, Texas there is a large Czech population.", "HOUSTON — Morgan Weber grew up eating poppy-seed kolaches baked by his Czech grandmother, who honed her technique on a wood stove. Kolaches, soft pastries of yeasted dough with a divot in the center, traditionally filled with sweetened cheese or fruit, are a humble link to the Old World. “Maybe the most important thing is that kolaches, in some form, continue to be made,” said Ms. Orsak, the folklorist. “And they continue to be eaten. Kolaches have long been a kind of poster child for Czech identity. Now they’re becoming a symbol for Texans.", "The kolache is the most prominent edible symbol of Texas Czech culture and probably the most tested pastry in all of Texas. Kolaches are made with sweetened yeast dough formed into rolls and filled with fruit, cheese or sausage before baking. Today, there are kolache festivals and baking contests all over Central Texas, from West to Houston and Caldwell to Rowena. The granddaddy of all kolache contests is the annual Westfest, a Labor Day tradition in the hamlet of West, just off IH-35, north of Waco in McLennan County.", "The Kolache Factory, a breakfast chain somewhat akin to a Texas kolache version of, say, Dunkin' Donuts, is also known for its unconventional kolache fillings, such as chocolate cream cheese, sausage and gravy, ranchero, and even Philly cheesesteak. A Central European pastry iconic across the Lone Star State, the kolache is prized for its soft, pillowy dough and its versatility: kolache fillings range from the sweet (apricot, prunes, and poppy seeds) to the savory (sausages)." ], "url": [ "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kolache", "http://www.epicurious.com/recipes/food/views/klobasnek-em-sausage-kolaches-em-51230810", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kolache", "http://www.angelfire.com/tx5/texasczech/kolaches/What%20is%20a%20kolache.htm", "http://www.ehow.com/facts_5139887_kolache.html", "http://www.nytimes.com/2013/10/09/dining/the-kolache-czech-texan-or-all-american-all-three.html", "http://www.texasmonthly.com/articles/we-gotcha-kolache/", "http://www.popsugar.com/food/What-Kolaches-3502788" ] }

[]

[ "Connective tissue, muscle tissue and nervous tissue." ]

{ "is_selected": [ 0, 0, 1, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0 ], "passage_text": [ "The mucosa serves to line the cavity of the tract. The mucosa consists of three sub-layers called the epithelium, the lamina propria, and the muscularis mucosae. In most of the digestive tract, the cells in the epithelium are shaped like columns. This mucus lubricates the digestive tract. The lamina propia is a sub-layer that is made of loose connective tissue. The muscularis mucosae is a sub-layer of smooth muscle. The next layer after the mucosa is called the submucosa. This layer is a thick layer", "Types of Tissue. Edit 0 5 …. Types of Tissue. The digestive system contains all four major tissue types, Epithelial, Connective, Muscle and Nervous. Epithelial tissue lines the entire length the digestive tract. It is made up of many different types of cells, including goblet cells that secrete mucus. There are layers of smooth muscle that line the walls of the tract, and contract to move food through. Nervous tissue is located in the tract, and transports electrical stimulus to the brain.", "The other three types are connective tissue, muscle tissue and nervous tissue. Epithelial tissues line the cavities and surfaces of blood vessels and organs throughout the body. There are three principal shapes of epithelial cells: squamous, columnar, and cuboidal. These can be arranged in a single layer of cells as simple epithelium, either squamous, columnar or cuboidal, or in layers of two or more cells deep as stratified (layered), either squamous, columnar or cuboidal. All glands are made up of epithelial cells.", "Epithelial Tissue & functions, types of epithelia in digestive tract. Epithelial Tissue. Epithelium is an animal tissue and is one of the four basic types of tissues in animal. These tissues cover the structures in the whole body and line cavities. They also form different types of glands. Selective absorption, secretion, transport across cells, protection and detecting sensation are its functions. This tissue has cells that are clustered tightly. This tissue is avascular which implies that it should get nourishment through the diffusion of the substances from the connective tissue that is underlying via basement membrane. Types of Epithelia in Digestive tract. Epithelium lines up the digestive tube. The epithelium is continuous at skin located at mouth as well as anus. The nature of epithelium changes with body parts. In some parts it works as protective layer and in some other parts it performs the role of absorption", "The epithelium of the lower anal canal contains similarly shaped cell layers. This shape helps to protect the tissues that are below the epithelium. The epithelium also contains many cells that secrete mucus. This mucus lubricates the digestive tract. The lamina propia is a sub-layer that is made of loose connective tissue. The muscularis mucosae is a sub-layer of smooth muscle. The next layer after the mucosa is called the submucosa. This layer is a thick layer of loose connective tissue.", "The epithelium is a layer of cells-epithelial cells. They are highly specialised for selective secretion and absorption of ions and molecules. Epithelial cells line any surface that comes into contact with the external environment. So-the airways, the gut, the urinary tract, the cornea etc. Together with an underlying layer of connective tissue, they form mucous membranes. Epithelium may also line the surface of internal organs. An epithelial cells is said to be polarised as either side of the cell differs in terms of structure and function.", "1) Epithelial Tissue. Epithelial tissue forms the covering or lining of free body surfaces, both internal and external. For example, the outer layer of the skin is formed from epithelial tissue as are the inner linings of the digestive tract and blood vessels. As a group, epithelial tissues perform a variety of functions, including protection, absorption, excretion, secretion and lubrication. ", "Most of the tissue in the digestive tract itself has four layers. These layers are called the mucosa, the submucosa, muscularis externa, and the serosa. The layer in the innermost part of the digestive tract is called the mucosa. This mucus lubricates the digestive tract. The lamina propia is a sub-layer that is made of loose connective tissue. The muscularis mucosae is a sub-layer of smooth muscle. The next layer after the mucosa is called the submucosa. This layer is a thick layer" ], "url": [ "http://www.aboutgastro.com/digestive-system/tissue-layers-of-digestive-tract", "http://digestive-system-mprr.wikispaces.com/8.+Types+of+Tissue", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Epithelial_tissue", "http://assignmentdesigners.blogspot.com/2011/08/epithelial-tissue-functions-types-of.html", "http://www.aboutgastro.com/digestive-system/tissue-layers-of-digestive-tract", "http://www.fastbleep.com/biology-notes/30/107/699", "http://kentsimmons.uwinnipeg.ca/cm1504/15lab42006/lb4pg5.htm", "http://www.aboutgastro.com/digestive-system/tissue-layers-of-digestive-tract" ] }

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[ "Lemon or Pickling Cucumbers" ]

{ "is_selected": [ 0, 0, 0, 1, 0, 1, 0, 0, 0, 0 ], "passage_text": [ "Yes, it is common to feed vegetable matter to Malawi cichlids (especially Mbuna). You can feed them cucumber, spinach, lettuce, peas (shelled), zucchini, etc. Feed a goo … d quality flake/pellet food daily but veggies can be used to supplement the diet. The small flagpole at the prow (front) of a ship is called the jack. Flags flown from this are called jack flags and are be necessity quite small. Royal Navy battleships tra … ditionally fly the Union Flag from the jack (and the Royal Ensign from the stern), which is where the incorrect name (Union Jack) comes from.", "In a 100 gram serving, raw cucumber (with peel) is 95% water, provides 16 calories and supplies low content of essential nutrients, as it is notable only for vitamin K at 16% of the Daily Value (table). The fruit of the cucumber is roughly cylindrical, elongated with tapered ends, and may be as large as 60 centimeters (24 in) long and 10 centimeters (3.9 in) in diameter. Having an enclosed seed and developing from a flower, botanically speaking, cucumbers are classified as pepoes, a type of botanical berry.", "English cucumber are some of the most well known of the seedless varieties. They are long (often about 12 inches), have a smooth, thin skin and mild flavor. The seeds are underdeveloped. You will usually find them wrapped in plastic, which is preferable to ones that have been coated in wax. ", "cucumber = cuke These gourd relatives are crisp, cool, and juicy, but get only so-so marks for flavor and nutritional content. A s licing cucumber = table cucumber is usually served raw in salads, sandwiches, drinks, sushi, and hors d'oeuvres to add crunch, but they can also be cooked like zucchini. Pickling cucumbers are usually smaller than slicing cucumbers, and often have thick, warty skins.", "What is a small cucumber called? already exists. already exists as an alternate of this question. exists and is an alternate of. What's your view on dating apps like Tinder? What is a small cucumber that rhymes with kin? What is expelling internal organs like sea cucumbers called? What is a small cucumber that has been preserved in vinegar called? The small flagpole at the prow (front) of a ship is called the jack. Flags flown from this are called jack flags and are be necessity quite small. Royal Navy battleships tra … ditionally fly the Union Flag from the jack (and the Royal Ensign from the stern), which is where the incorrect name (Union Jack) comes from.", "Specialty Cucumbers include heirloom cucumber varieties like ‘Lemon’ cucumbers and 'Sweet Armenian' cucumbers, as well as greenhouse cucumbers that require no pollination to set fruit. Container Cucumbers are bred for compact vines, and are better for deck plantings and small space gardens. Sweet Armenian cucumbers have a mild cucumber flavor, like a melon without the sweetness. They need no peeling, and their ribbed shape makes interesting cross-sections when sliced. ‘Lemon Cucumbers’ (65 days, heirloom, open pollinated) are small, round, yellow cucumbers you often find in farmers markets.", "Cucumber (Cucumis sativus) is a widely cultivated plant in the gourd family, Cucurbitaceae. It is a creeping vine that bears cylindrical fruits that are used as culinary vegetables. There are three main varieties of cucumber: slicing, pickling, and burpless. The fruit of the cucumber is roughly cylindrical, elongated with tapered ends, and may be as large as 60 centimeters (24 in) long and 10 centimeters (3.9 in) in diameter. Having an enclosed seed and developing from a flower, botanically speaking, cucumbers are classified as pepoes, a type of botanical berry.", "Cucumbers are in the same family as other squashes such as zucchini, pumpkins, watermelon, etc. They have a high water content, which keeps them cool and moist inside. This may be one of the reasons they are such a summertime favourite -- and may be where the phrase cool as a cucumber comes from. ", "Cucumbers usually are eaten when immature. The best size depends upon the use and variety. They may be picked when they are no more than 2 inches long for pickles, 4 to 6 inches long for dills and 6 to 8 inches long for slicing varieties. A cucumber is of highest quality when it is uniformly green, firm and crisp. The large, burpless cucumbers should be 1 to 1 1/2 inches in diameter and up to 10 inches long. There are two types of cucumbers common to the home gardener-pickling cucumbers and slicing cucumbers. The phrase cool as a cucumber is an apt one. Growing in a field on a hot summer day, the interior flesh is 20 degrees cooler than the outside air temperature.", "The cucumber is a creeping vine that roots in the ground and grows up trellises or other supporting frames, wrapping around supports with thin, spiraling tendrils. The plant has large leaves that form a canopy over the fruit. The fruit of the cucumber is roughly cylindrical, elongated with tapered ends, and may be as large as 60 centimeters (24 in) long and 10 centimeters (3.9 in) in diameter. Having an enclosed seed and developing from a flower, botanically speaking, cucumbers are classified as pepoes, a type of botanical berry." ], "url": [ "http://www.answers.com/Q/What_is_a_small_cucumber_called", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cucumber", "http://www.huffingtonpost.com/2012/07/11/seedless-cucumbers_n_1665891.html", "http://www.foodsubs.com/Squcuke.html", "http://www.answers.com/Q/What_is_a_small_cucumber_called", "http://www.grow-it-organically.com/cucumber-varieties.html", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cucumber", "http://www.cooksinfo.com/cucumbers", "http://extension.illinois.edu/veggies/cucumber.cfm", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cucumber" ] }

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[ "450°F" ]

{ "is_selected": [ 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1, 0, 0, 0, 0 ], "passage_text": [ "1 Smear the cut ends of the roast with the butter. 2 Place the roast (ribs down or fat side up) in roasting pan. 3 Sear the rib roast for 15 minutes at 450°F, then turn the oven to 325°F for the rest of the cooking time. 4 Every 1/2 hour, baste the cut ends of the roast with the fat accumulated in the roasting pan. 1 Sear the rib roast for 15 minutes at 450°F, then turn the oven to 325°F for the rest of the cooking time. 2", "Check the temperature of the roast using a meat thermometer 30 to 45 minutes before you expect the roast to be done. For example, with a 10 pound roast, you would expect 2 1/2 hours of total cooking time (15 minutes at 500° and 2 1/4 hours at 325°). In this case, check after 1 hour 45 minutes of total cooking time, or 1 hour 30 minutes after you lowered the oven temp to 325°. 5 After browning the roast at a 500°F temperature in the oven for 15 minutes, reduce the oven temperature to 325°F. To figure out the total cooking time, allow about 13-15 minutes per pound for rare and 15-17 minutes per pound for medium rare.", "Prime Rib Roast (standing rib roast), at room temperature (very important) 2 tablespoons butter, room temperature. Preparation: Preheat oven to 450 degrees F. Pat the room-temperature standing rib roast (prime rib roast) dry with paper towels or napkins. Smear the cut ends only of the roast with the butter. The internal temperature will rise to 125 degrees F. to 130 degrees F. (medium rare) in approximately 15 to 20 minutes. If allowed to rest as long as an hour, the internal temperature will rise even higher. So, pay attention to how long you let the cooked prime rib roast sit.", "Directions. 1 Preheat oven to 450°F. 2 Pat the rib roast dry with a paper towel or napkin. 3 Smear the cut ends of the roast with the butter. 4 Place the roast (ribs down or fat side up) in roasting pan. 5 Sear the rib roast for 15 minutes at 450°F, then turn the oven to 325°F for the rest of the cooking time. 1 Sear the rib roast for 15 minutes at 450°F, then turn the oven to 325°F for the rest of the cooking time. 2 Every 1/2 hour, baste the cut ends of the roast with the fat accumulated in the", "Sear the rib roast (prime rib) for 15 minutes at the higher oven temperature (450 degrees F.), then turn the oven to the lower temperature (325 degrees F.) for the rest of the cooking time. Every 1/2 hour, baste the cut ends of the roast with the fat accumulated in the roasting pan. Do Not Cover the roast. The internal temperature will rise to 125 degrees F. to 130 degrees F. (medium rare) in approximately 15 to 20 minutes. If allowed to rest as long as an hour, the internal temperature will rise even higher. So, pay attention to how long you let the cooked prime rib roast sit.", "1 Place the roast (ribs down or fat side up) in roasting pan. 2 Sear the rib roast for 15 minutes at 450°F, then turn the oven to 325°F for the rest of the cooking time. 3 Every 1/2 hour, baste the cut ends of the roast with the fat accumulated in the roasting pan. 1 Sear the rib roast for 15 minutes at 450°F, then turn the oven to 325°F for the rest of the cooking time. 2", "4 Place the roast fat side up and rib bones down in a roasting pan. Insert a meat thermometer into the thickest part of the roast, making sure that the thermometer isn't touching a bone. 5 After browning the roast at a 500°F temperature in the oven for 15 minutes, reduce the oven temperature to 325°F. To figure out the total cooking time, allow about 13-15 minutes per pound for rare and 15-17 minutes per pound for medium rare.", "1 Preheat oven to 450°F. 2 Pat the rib roast dry with a paper towel or napkin. 3 Smear the cut ends of the roast with the butter. 4 Place the roast (ribs down or fat side up) in roasting pan. 5 Sear the rib roast for 15 minutes at 450°F, then turn the oven to 325°F for the rest of the cooking time. 1 Sear the rib roast for 15 minutes at 450°F, then turn the oven to 325°F for the rest of the cooking time. 2 Every 1/2 hour, baste the cut ends of the roast with the fat accumulated in the", "1 Leave the prime rib out at room temperature for 2 hours. 2 Preheat the oven to 450 degrees F. 3 When the oven is hot, put the roast in and cook for 20 minutes to sear the outside of the roast. 4 After 20 minutes turn the oven down to 325 degrees F. and roast until the desired internal temperature is reached (see guide below). 1 When the oven is hot, put the roast in and cook for 20 minutes to sear the outside of the roast. 2 After 20 minutes turn the oven down to 325 degrees F. and roast until the desired internal temperature is reached (see guide below). 3 For medium-rare this will take approximately 15 minutes per pound.", "Preheat oven to 450°F. Place the roast (ribs down) on the rack in a roasting pan. Sear the rib roast for 15 minutes at the higher oven temperature (450°F), and then turn the oven to the lower temperature (325° F) for the rest of the cooking time. About 1/2 hour before the estimated end of the roasting time, begin checking the internal temperature (use a good instant-read digital meat thermometer. " ], "url": [ "http://www.food.com/recipe/perfect-medium-rare-prime-rib-roast-246601", "http://www.simplyrecipes.com/recipes/prime_rib/", "http://whatscookingamerica.net/Beef/ClassicPrimeRib.htm", "http://www.food.com/recipe/perfect-medium-rare-prime-rib-roast-246601", "http://whatscookingamerica.net/Beef/ClassicPrimeRib.htm", "http://www.food.com/recipe/perfect-medium-rare-prime-rib-roast-246601", "http://www.simplyrecipes.com/recipes/prime_rib/", "http://www.food.com/recipe/perfect-medium-rare-prime-rib-roast-246601", "http://americanfood.about.com/od/meatsandpoultry/r/primerib.htm", "http://villagemeats.com/files/Prime_rib_cooking_instructionsper_ButcherEric.pdf" ] }

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[ "Goat or goat , horn", "Come from the Latin word caper, 'goat'. Latin caper comes from the Indo-European root." ]

{ "is_selected": [ 0, 0, 0, 1, 1, 1, 0, 0 ], "passage_text": [ "Capricorn (♑)(/kaep.kæp.rɪ/) kɔːn is the tenth astrological sign in the, Zodiac Pining umali originating from the constellation Of. Capricornus it spans the–270 300th degree of the, zodiac corresponding to celestial. Longitude capricorn is ruled by the Planet. saturn Under the tropical zodiac, the sun transits this area from December 22 to January 20 each year, and under the sidereal zodiac, the sun currently transits the constellation of Capricorn from approximately January 14 to February 14.", "Split and merge into it. Answer by Wildfremd. Confidence votes 265. Capricorn means horned goat in Greek. Capricorn got it's name by fighting Typhoon (a monster that could manipulate water) and then got the name from one of the gods. The Tropic of Capricorn got its name from this ancient constellation. At one time, the Sun reached the winter solstice while passing in front of Capricornus. At that time, the … Sun had reached its lowest point in the southern sky.", "The Tropic of Capricorn originates from the constellation Capricornus, which marked the southern limit of the plane of the earth's orbit with the celestial sphere, along which the sun appears to move as viewed from the earth in ancient times. ", "Capricornus means literally a goat's horn, it denotes a male goat, or billy-goat. The figure of the Constellation has the head of a goat, and the tail of a fish and is associated with two types of goats: the Mountain-Goat and the Sea-Goat. Capra is the term used for the goat genus. Capricorn, the he-goat, and the feminine Capella, the she-goat of Auriga, come from the Latin word caper, 'goat'. Latin caper comes from the Indo-European root * kap-ro - 'He-goat, buck'.", "For the astrological sign, see Capricorn (astrology) . Capricornus /ˌkaeprɨˈkɔrnəs/ ˌkæprɨˈkɔrnəs is one of the constellations of the. Zodiac its name Is latin for horned goat or goat , horn and it is commonly represented in the form of a-sea: goat a mythical creature that is half, goat half. fish See also: List of stars in Capricornus. Capricornus is a faint constellation, with only one star above magnitude 3; its alpha star has a magnitude of only 3.6. The brightest star in Capricornus is δ Capricorni, also called Deneb Algedi, with a magnitude of 2.9, 39 light-years from Earth. Like several other stars such as Denebola and Deneb, it is named for the Arabic word for tail (deneb); its traditional name means the tail of the goat.", "Capricorn is from caper, 'goat', + cornu, horn, literally 'having horns similar to those of a goat', properly loan translation of Aigokeros, the old Greek name for this constellation [Klein, Comprehensive Etymological Dictionary ]. Capra is the term used for the goat genus. Capricorn, the he-goat, and the feminine Capella, the she-goat of Auriga, come from the Latin word caper, 'goat'. Latin caper comes from the Indo-European root * kap-ro - 'He-goat, buck'.", "Capricornus is one of the 88 modern constellations, and was also one of the 48 constellations listed by the 2nd century astronomer Ptolemy. Under its modern boundaries it is bordered by Aquila, Sagittarius, Microscopium, Piscis Austrinus, and Aquarius. See also: List of stars in Capricornus. Capricornus is a faint constellation, with only one star above magnitude 3; its alpha star has a magnitude of only 3.6. The brightest star in Capricornus is δ Capricorni, also called Deneb Algedi, with a magnitude of 2.9, 39 light-years from Earth. Like several other stars such as Denebola and Deneb, it is named for the Arabic word for tail (deneb); its traditional name means the tail of the goat", "The answer is that The Tropic of Cancer was named because at the time of its naming, the sun was positioned in the Cancer constellation during the June solstice. Likewise, the Tropic of Capricorn was named because the sun was in the constellation Capricorn during the December solstice. The naming took place about 2000 years ago and the sun is no longer in those constellations At the June solstice, the sun is in Taurus and at the December solstice, the sun is in Sagittarius. " ], "url": [ "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Capricorn_(astrology)", "http://www.answers.com/Q/How_did_the_constellation_Capricorn_get_its_name", "http://www.answers.com/Q/Where_does_the_Tropic_of_Capricorn_get_its_name", "http://www.constellationsofwords.com/Constellations/Capricorn.html", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Capricornus", "http://www.constellationsofwords.com/Constellations/Capricorn.html", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Capricornus", "http://geography.about.com/b/2008/08/21/naming-the-tropic-of-cancer-and-the-tropic-of-capricorn.htm" ] }

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[ "Blood in urine can come from the kidneys, where urine is made. It also can come from other structures in the urinary tract, such as: 1) Ureters (the tubes from the kidneys to the bladder). 2) Bladder (where urine is stored). 3) Urethra (the tube from the bladder to the outside of the body)" ]

{ "is_selected": [ 1, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0 ], "passage_text": [ "Blood in urine can come from the kidneys, where urine is made. It also can come from other structures in the urinary tract, such as: 1 Ureters (the tubes from the kidneys to the bladder). 2 Bladder (where urine is stored). 3 Urethra (the tube from the bladder to the outside of the body). ", "The urinary tract can be infected from above (by bacteria entering the kidneys from the bloodstream and travelling downward) or from below (by bacteria entering the urethra and travelling upward). Infections from above are often seen in newborns seen with generalized infection or sepsis. 1 This can occur if the bacteria entered the urinary tract from above, or if the ureter-to-bladder valves don't work properly and allow urine to reflux from the bladder into the ureters. 2 Pyelonephritis is an infection of the kidney itself.", "Back to Top Causes ». Most urinary tract infections are caused by bacteria that enter the urethra and then the bladder. The infection most commonly develops in the bladder, but can spread to the kidneys. Most of the time, your body can get rid of these bacteria. However, certain conditions increase the risk of having UTIs. ", "Symptoms from a lower urinary tract include painful urination and either frequent urination or urge to urinate (or both); while the symptoms of pyelonephritis include fever and flank pain in addition to the symptoms of a lower UTI. A urinary tract infection (UTI), also known as acute cystitis or bladder infection, is an infection that affects part of the urinary tract.", "Urinary Tract Infection Blood Urine. Urinary tract infection blood urine is a symptom of infection on the urinary tract. If blood comes out with urine, urinary tract can be infected anywhere between the kidneys and urethra. If the infection is in the urethra, then the treatment is un-complicated. On the other hand, if the infection is in the kidneys, then the treatment becomes complicated. Blood in the urine is an indication of serious infection on the urinary tract. On the other hand, while passing urine, if blood comes out right from the beginning to end, then this is an indication that the infection is in the kidneys, that is why blood comes out right from the beginning to end.", "The urinary tract consists of two kidneys, two ureters, a bladder, and a urethra. The kidneys are bean-shaped organs found in the lower back below the ribcage. They filter waste out of the blood and produce urine to carry the wastes and excess water out of the body. ", "Report Abuse. The blood comes from the kidneys letting red blood cells pass into the urine, which is a sign of kidney malfunction. That's something you should see a doctor for. As for the infection, drink cranberry juice (100% cranberry juice) and take lots of vitamin C, which aids in immune system performance. ", "Urine is usually free of bacteria. A urinary tract infection happens when bacteria gets inside your bladder, usually through your urethra (the opening where your urine comes out). Females have shorter urethras than males do, so it is easier for bacteria to enter the urinary tract and cause symptoms. The urinary tract is the path for urine to go from your kidneys to the outside of your body. Urine is made in the kidneys and then travels through hollow tubes called “ureters” to your bladder, where the urine is stored. When your bladder is full, you’ll feel an urge to urinate (pee).", "BLOOD IN THE URINE OVERVIEW. Hematuria is the medical term for red blood cells in the urine. Red blood cells in the urine can come from the kidney (where urine is made) or anywhere in the urinary tract (figure 1).", "The urinary tract includes the ureters (the tubes that carry the urine from the kidneys to the bladder), the bladder (where urine is stored), the prostate (in men), and the urethra (the tube through which urine exits the body). Hematuria is the medical term for red blood cells in the urine. Red blood cells in the urine can come from the kidney (where urine is made) or anywhere in the urinary tract (figure 1)." ], "url": [ "http://www.webmd.com/digestive-disorders/blood-in-urine-causes", "http://www.drreddy.com/uti.html", "http://www.nytimes.com/health/guides/disease/urinary-tract-infection/overview.html", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Urinary_infections", "http://uti.getridnow.com/urinary-tract-infection-blood-urine.html", "https://labtestsonline.org/understanding/conditions/uti", "https://answers.yahoo.com/question/index?qid=20070224214307AAH2KxJ", "http://youngwomenshealth.org/2013/01/02/uti/", "http://www.uptodate.com/contents/blood-in-the-urine-hematuria-in-adults-beyond-the-basics", "http://www.uptodate.com/contents/blood-in-the-urine-hematuria-in-adults-beyond-the-basics" ] }

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[ "A pack or pad that is used to stop or collect the flow of blood or other fluids." ]

{ "is_selected": [ 0, 0, 0, 0, 1, 0 ], "passage_text": [ "Tampon. A tampon is a mass of absorbent material inserted into a body cavity or wound to absorb bodily fluid. The most common type in daily use is designed to be inserted into the vagina during menstruation to absorb the flow of menstrual fluid.", "[ tam´pon ]. a pack, pad, or plug made of cotton, sponge, or other material; different types are used to plug the nose, vagina, or other areas for the control of hemorrhage or the absorption of secretions. Superabsorbent tampons worn monthly and inserted roughly can cause ulceration of the vaginal mucosa.", "/tam·pon/ (tam´pon) [Fr.] a pack, pad, or plug made of cotton, sponge, or other material, variously used in surgery to plug the nose, vagina, etc., for the control of hemorrhage or the absorption of secretions.", "tam·pon. n. A plug of absorbent material inserted into a body cavity or wound to stop a flow of blood or to absorb secretions, especially one designed for insertion into the vagina during menstruation. tr.v. tam·poned, tam·pon·ing, tam·pons. To plug or stop with a tampon.", "Tampon: A pack or pad that is used to stop or collect the flow of blood or other fluids. A tampon may be made of cotton, sponge, or another material. Tampons serve in surgery to control bleeding and are used to stop severe nosebleeds. Vaginal tampons collect the flow of menstrual blood.", "A tampon is a mass of absorbent material, primarily used as a feminine hygiene product. Historically, the word tampon originated from the medieval French word tampion , meaning a piece of cloth to stop a hole, a stamp, plug, or stopper. At present, tampons are designed to be easily inserted into the vagina during menstruation and absorb the menstrual flow." ], "url": [ "http://www.definitions.net/definition/tampon", "http://medical-dictionary.thefreedictionary.com/tampons", "http://medical-dictionary.thefreedictionary.com/tampons", "http://www.thefreedictionary.com/tampon", "http://www.medicinenet.com/script/main/art.asp?articlekey=7962", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tampon" ] }

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[ "$29,000,000, $4 million" ]

{ "is_selected": [ 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1, 0, 0, 0, 0 ], "passage_text": [ "Average MLB salaries remained fairly stagnant until the 1970s, when free agency allowed players to sell their services to the highest bidder after a certain number of years in the big leagues. Consider that in 1964, the average salary for a major league baseball player was just under $15,000 a year. Highest Paid Players. Alex Rodriguez of the Yankees was paid $29 million in 2012, making him the highest paid MLB player. Johan Santana of the New York Mets earned $24 million in 2012, making him the highest paid pitcher in baseball.", "Major League Baseball is not a league of equals when it comes to player salaries or payroll. Some teams choose to spend a lot on player salaries. For example, the New York Yankees' 2012 payroll was the highest in MLB at $197,962,289. Highest Paid Players. Alex Rodriguez of the Yankees was paid $29 million in 2012, making him the highest paid MLB player. Johan Santana of the New York Mets earned $24 million in 2012, making him the highest paid pitcher in baseball.", "In 2010, the average salary of a MLB player was $3,297,828. Alex Rodriguez leads with a salary of $33,000,000. The league minimum salary (2010) is $400,000. So, a baseball pla … yer is paid between $33,000,000 and $400,000. about 2-6 million dollars a years if they win the finals they get about 7-12 million dollars a year.if you wanna be a basketball player good for you because u r going to be ri … ch From other guy: LOL. Do not think it is easy to become a basketball player!!", "Minor League Salaries. Minor league baseball players make a pittance compared to MLB players. At the lowest level, Class A, minimum salaries are $850 a month for a short season and $1,050 for a full season. Class AA players receive a minimum of $1,500 per month, and the Triple-A player monthly minimum is $2,150. For the first time in history, MLB players averaged more than $3 million for an entire year in 2010. The increase was only 0.6 percent over 2009, the lowest jump since a drop in 2005, but still pushed the average yearly salary to $3,014,572 million.", "Salary Statistics. Average MLB player salaries broke the $3 million-a-year mark for the first time in 2010. Yankees players had the highest average annual salary in 2012 at $6,186,321, while players on the Oakland Athletics had the lowest average salary at $1,845,750. These salaries only show how much the players made on the field. Highest Paid Players. Alex Rodriguez of the Yankees was paid $29 million in 2012, making him the highest paid MLB player. Johan Santana of the New York Mets earned $24 million in 2012, making him the highest paid pitcher in baseball.", "He also has the highest career earnings in MLB history. The highest paid player in Major League Baseball (MLB) from the 2013 season is New York Yankees ' third baseman Alex Rodriguez with an annual salary of $29,000,000, $4 million higher than the second-highest paid player, Cliff Lee. 1 P Average annual value is calculated as the total value of a contract (less bonuses) divided by the number of years. 2 A $20 million/2 year contract would have an average annual value of $10 million, even if the player actually received $9 million one season and $11 million in the other.", "How much a player makes depends on the position he plays. While players at all positions make the league minimum, median pay is highest for forwards. In 2013, forwards made a median salary of $99,998. Goaltenders and mid-fielders made a median salary of $80,000, while defenders made two more dollars a year.", "How much money does a professional softball player make a year? The average salary of a player in the National Pro Fastpitch league (NPF) is between $7,500 and $15,000 per summer. about 2-6 million dollars a years if they win the finals they get about 7-12 million dollars a year.if you wanna be a basketball player good for you because u r going to be ri … ch From other guy: LOL. Do not think it is easy to become a basketball player!!", "With a 5 year contract with a team, the average baseball player makes about 100 million dollars in 5 years. ", "MLS Salaries. Beginning and lower-echelon players in Major League Soccer make a minimum of $35,125 a year, by far the lowest minimum salary of major professional team sports in America. As of the end of the 2013 season, 154 players made less than $50,000 a year. While players at all positions make the league minimum, median pay is highest for forwards. In 2013, forwards made a median salary of $99,998. Goaltenders and mid-fielders made a median salary of $80,000, while defenders made two more dollars a year." ], "url": [ "http://work.chron.com/much-money-baseball-players-make-14452.html", "http://work.chron.com/much-money-baseball-players-make-14452.html", "http://www.answers.com/Q/How_much_do_professional_baseball_players_make_a_year", "http://www.ehow.com/info_7841228_much-do-baseball-players-make.html", "http://work.chron.com/much-money-baseball-players-make-14452.html", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_highest_paid_baseball_players", "http://work.chron.com/beginner-soccer-player-salaries-30579.html", "http://www.answers.com/Q/How_much_do_professional_baseball_players_make_a_year", "http://www.answers.com/Q/How_much_does_a_professional_baseball_player_make", "http://work.chron.com/beginner-soccer-player-salaries-30579.html" ] }

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[ "$175-$1895" ]

{ "is_selected": [ 1, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0 ], "passage_text": [ "Professionals interested in purchasing iLs equipment must first complete iLs training. Once trained, the cost of equipment ranges from $175-$1895. The cost of an iLs program to the end user varies depending on how iLs is implemented within a practice. End users can find an iLs practitioner by using the Provider Locator on the iLs web site or by contacting iLs. 2. Program sessions are 30 – 60 minutes in length, with a recommended frequency of 3 – 5 times per week. Program length is flexible and depends upon the therapeutic objectives as well as the client’s circumstances.", "If you mean full instrument flight equipment when added to the cost of the airplane itself, the typical two COMM radios and two NAV radios plus a GPS, localizer & glide slope, marker beacon receiver, selector panel and intercom will run around $25,000 for a basic airplane. More than an airplane. One of my guys in Germany used to oversee maintenance on our Cat III Mark 20 ILS system, and taking care of a regular ILS system would be WAYYY to much out of pocket.", "1 On average, most bulk purchases are going to be sold per ton. 2 On average, sand can cost anywhere from $22 to $55 per ton. 3 Smaller purchases such as a 25 to 50 pound bag can range from $5 to $18 per bag. 1 They sell their sand for $34 to $55 depending on the type. 2 For people that need sand for their aquarium, live sand can range anywhere from $35 to $55 per 20 pounds. 3 Live sand is going to contain live marine bacteria and it will also provide the proper chemical balance for your fish tank.", "@amotherstouch/iLs – I JUSTwent to an iLs training yesterday and the price for the program when you factor in tax was $2,000. When a company poses under different identities to argue with people on a community forum, I get a bad feeling. ", "Average Wedding Cost. The average wedding cost in the United States is $26,444. Couples typically spend between $19,833 and $33,055 but, most couples spend less than $10,000. This does not include cost for a honeymoon. Understanding wedding cost now can help you with your wedding budget later. Enter your US zip code to get an idea of how much other couples spent on their wedding in your area", "Either visibility not less than 800 m (2,600 ft) or a runway visual range (RVR) not less than 550 meters (1,800 ft) on runway with touchdown zone and centerline lighting. FAA Order 8400.13D allows for special authorization of CAT I ILS approaches to a decision height of 150 feet (46 m) with RVR ≥ 1,400 feet (430 m). In the U.S., an ILS without approach lights may have CAT I ILS visibility minimums as low as 3/4 mile (runway visual range of 4,000 feet) if the required obstacle clearance surfaces are clear of obstructions.", "Do you mean ground based equipment or airborne equipment? --The ground based equipment for ILS cost anywhere from around $800,000 to more than $20,000,000, depending on the size of the runway, the nature of the runway environment, and the surrounding terrain. You can learn about the equipment that is involved by doing an internet search on instrument landing system.. More than an airplane. One of my guys in Germany used to oversee maintenance on our Cat III Mark 20 ILS system, and taking care of a regular ILS system would be WAYYY to much out of pocket.", "1 On average, sand can cost anywhere from $22 to $55 per ton. 2 Smaller purchases such as a 25 to 50 pound bag can range from $5 to $18 per bag. 3 For example, Texas Industries sells a 50 pound bag of play sand for $9 to $19. 4 These same bags can be found at various home improvement stores such as the Home Depot. 1 They sell their sand for $34 to $55 depending on the type. 2 For people that need sand for their aquarium, live sand can range anywhere from $35 to $55 per 20 pounds. 3 Live sand is going to contain live marine bacteria and it will also provide the proper chemical balance for your fish tank.", "The Total Focus, Focus 200, and Kick Start include all equipment necessary for iLs’ Visual‐Balance‐Coordination Program, implemented with the Integration Kit (pictured right) ‐ balls, bean bags, balance board & Playbook guide for visual/vestibular activities. More. The Focus Series includes the Total Focus, Focus Desktop, Student Focus and Focus 200 – all of which have clinic-level efficacy but are designed for home as well as professional use." ], "url": [ "http://integratedlistening.com/support/top-10-questions-about-ils/", "https://answers.yahoo.com/question/index?qid=20081010180136AA6zV8l", "http://www.howmuchisit.org/how-much-does-sand-cost/", "http://totallyaddconnect.com/forums/topic/integrated-listening-systems-dr-hallowell/", "http://www.costofwedding.com/", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Instrument_landing_system", "https://answers.yahoo.com/question/index?qid=20081010180136AA6zV8l", "http://www.howmuchisit.org/how-much-does-sand-cost/", "http://integratedlistening.com/products/" ] }

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[ "13 degrees." ]

{ "is_selected": [ 1, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0 ], "passage_text": [ "For example, a normal high temperature for mid January in the Central Adirondacks is about 24 degrees, and a normal low is about 2 degrees. This yields an average temperature of 13 degrees.", "Monthly climbing area averages are for the weather station LAKE PLACID 2 S, which is 9 miles away and 497 feet above the location used for the Adirondacks climbing area forecasts. Climbing Resources.", "Share: Facebook Tweet Google+. The best time to visit the Adirondacks is from May to August, when the weather is warm and the top sites are open for longer hours. But the region can get crowded this time of year, so you should book your accommodations at least three months in advance.", "The average length of the freeze-free season in New York State varies from 100 to 120 days in. the Adirondacks, Catskills and higher elevations of the Western Plateau Division to 180 to 200. days on Long Island.", "You can jump to a separate table for each region of the state: Downstate New York, Hudson Valley & Catskills, Adirondacks & Seaway, Finger Lakes & Central New York State and Western New York State.", "Temperatures. Summers in the Adirondacks are warm but not hot, while winters are cold. Despite the large size of the region, temperatures don't tend to vary much from town to town.", "Average temperatures for September at cities, towns, parks and lakes throughout New York state are listed below. The tables give the normal maximum and minimum temperatures based on weather data collected from 1981 to 2010 by the US National Climatic Data Center.", "In warm months, the air in the Adirondacks tends to be humid and muggy. The area is windy year-round, and you are most aware of it if you're hiking up the mountains or visiting high-elevation towns. In winter, the windchill can make the temperature feel 10 or more degrees colder than it really is.", "In the report Climate Change in the Champlain Basin sponsored by the Nature Conservancy and written by Dr. J. Curt Stager and Mary Thill, average temperatures were noted and analyzed from areas in the Champlain Valley and in the eastern section of the Adirondacks which drains into that basin." ], "url": [ "http://www.adirondackalmanack.com/2012/01/adirondack-climate-change-and-temperature.html", "http://www.climbingweather.com/New-York/Adirondacks/averages", "http://travel.usnews.com/Adirondacks_NY/When_To_Visit/", "http://dicce.sri.com/downloads/Additional_articles_webeites_interest/05_New_York_State_Climate_Overview.pdf", "http://www.currentresults.com/Weather/New-York/temperature-september.php", "http://traveltips.usatoday.com/climate-adirondacks-105097.html", "http://www.currentresults.com/Weather/New-York/temperature-september.php", "http://traveltips.usatoday.com/climate-adirondacks-105097.html", "http://www.adirondackalmanack.com/2012/01/adirondack-climate-change-and-temperature.html" ] }

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[ "An expression to which a value can be assigned. The lvalue expression is located on the left side of an assignment statement, whereas an rvalue is located on the right side of an assignment statement. Each assignment statement must have an lvalue and an rvalue.", "In computer science, a value that points to a storage location, potentially allowing new values to be assigned.", "An lvalue is an expression e that may appear on the left or on the right hand side of an assignment." ]

{ "is_selected": [ 1, 1, 0, 0, 1, 0, 0, 0, 0 ], "passage_text": [ "An lvalue is an expression to which a value can be assigned. The lvalue expression is located on the left side of an assignment statement, whereas an rvalue is located on the right side of an assignment statement. Each assignment statement must have an lvalue and an rvalue. The lvalue expression must reference a storable variable in memory. It cannot be a constant. lvalue is variable or you can say a memory location which can store (predefined type) rvalue while rvalue is constant. eyehz May 14th, 2007 lvalue is an expression that referes to a memory location or object. However, it is not necessary to appear on the left side of equation. For example:int x = 2;int *y;y = &x;Notice the assignment in line 3, since we declared y as a pointer to integer, the right side value must be a lvalue, ie", "L-value, L value or lvalue may refer to: 1 In computer science, a value that points to a storage location, potentially allowing new values to be assigned. 2 In space physics, the value assigned to an L-shell, a particular set of planetary magnetic field lines. ", "So an rvalue is any expression that is not an lvalue. Numeric literals, such as 3 and 3.14159, are rvalues. So are character literals, such as 'a'. An identifier that refers to an object is an lvalue, but an identifier that names an enumeration constant is an rvalue. The right operand can be any expression. It need not be an lvalue. For example: int n; declares n as an object of type int. When you use n in an assignment expression such as: n = 3; n is an expression (a subexpression of the assignment expression) referring to an int object. The expression n is", "An object is a contiguous region of memory storage. An lvalue (pronounced: L value) is an expression that refers to such an object. The original definition of lvalue referred to an object that can appear on the left-hand side of an assignment.. However, const objects are lvalues, and yet they cannot appear on the left-hand side of an assignment. For example: An lvalue can appear in a context that requires an rvalue; in this case, the lvalue is implicitly converted to an rvalue. An rvalue cannot be converted to an lvalue. Therefore, it is possible to use every lvalue expression in the example as an rvalue, but not vice versa.", "The original definition of lvalues and rvalues from the earliest days of C is as follows: An lvalue is an expression e that may appear on the left or on the right hand side of an assignment, whereas an rvalue is an expression that can only appear on the right hand side of an assignment. ", "An expression that can appear in the right-hand side of an expression (but not in the left-hand side of an expression) is an rvalue. For example: An lvalue can appear in a context that requires an rvalue; in this case, the lvalue is implicitly converted to an rvalue. An rvalue cannot be converted to an lvalue. Therefore, it is possible to use every lvalue expression in the example as an rvalue, but not vice versa.", "1 An rvalue (so-called, historically, because rvalues could appear on the right-hand side of an assignment expression) is an xvalue, a temporary object or subobject thereof, or a value that is not associated with an object. 2 A prvalue (“pure” rvalue) is an rvalue that is not an xvalue. ", "I have read that chapter, and I believe I can correctly distinguish between lvalues and rvalues. However before I had read good C++ books and/or the standard, I used to think that an lvalue is something that can stand on the left side of an assignment, and an rvalue is something which cannot. Obviously there are numerous counterexamples to this naive definition. ", "Every C++ expression is either an lvalue or an rvalue. An lvalue refers to an object that persists beyond a single expression. You can think of an lvalue as an object that has a name. All variables, including nonmodifiable (const) variables, are lvalues. An rvalue is a temporary value that does not persist beyond the expression that uses it. To better understand the difference between lvalues and rvalues, consider the following example: Copy. In this example, x is an lvalue because it persists beyond the expression that defines it." ], "url": [ "http://www.geekinterview.com/question_details/3331", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/L-value", "http://ieng9.ucsd.edu/~cs30x/Lvalues%20and%20Rvalues.htm", "http://www.devx.com/tips/Tip/5696", "http://thbecker.net/articles/rvalue_references/section_01.html", "http://www.devx.com/tips/Tip/5696", "http://stackoverflow.com/questions/3601602/what-are-rvalues-lvalues-xvalues-glvalues-and-prvalues", "http://stackoverflow.com/questions/6397745/what-is-an-lvalue", "https://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/f90831hc.aspx" ] }

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[ "Soften", "Hemp has the look of classic linen and can have the feel (depending upon fabric blend) of your favourite flannel." ]

{ "is_selected": [ 0, 0, 0, 1, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1 ], "passage_text": [ "Hemp fabric is made from the stems of the plant. The stems are processed to dissolve the gum or pectin and separate the fibers which are then processed again and woven into yarns and fabric. The finest hemp for fabric is produced in Italy. Hemp fabric is like linen in both hand and appearance. Hemp fabric withstands water better than any other textile product. It wrinkles easily and should not be creased excessively to avoid wear and breakage of the fibers. ", "Hemp (from Old English haenep) hænep is a commonly used term for-high growing varieties of The cannabis plant and its, products which include, fiber, oil and. Seed hemp is refined into products such as hemp seed, foods hemp, oil, wax, resin, rope, cloth, pulp, paper and. fuel Items ranging from rope, to fabrics, to industrial materials were made from hemp fiber. Hemp was often used to make sail canvas, and the word canvas derives from cannabis. Today, a modest hemp fabric industry exists, and hemp fibers can be used in clothing. Pure hemp has a texture similar to linen.", "What does hemp fabric feel like? I want to try hemp fabric, I live int he U.S.A, and don't have much access to hemp, lest I am misunderstanding something. I heard it is very soft and warm, and I want to know what it feels like. Add your answer. Source.", "Hemp has the look of classic linen and can have the feel (depending upon fabric blend) of your favourite flannel. Hemp materials will also soften with age and with each washing. Great for hot weather. Like linen and cotton, hemp is a cool choice for summer. Eco Print. Hemp creates one of the most eco friendly fabrics in the world. Hemp requires no pesticides, crowds out weeds without herbicides, controls erosion of the topsoil, and produces oxygen. It is a renewable resource that can be cultivated in as little as 100 days and is the world’s most versatile fiber.", "Hemp Fabrics. These are the best hemp fabrics we could find that were still affordable! Made from the tough, coarse fiber of the cannabis plant, hemp is a natural fiber that dyes and acts very much like cotton. Use our Fiber Reactive dyes. It wears practically forever. Remember, bolts vary! They can be over or under-we charge you for the actual yardage.", "Hemp is a lot like flax, and flax is where linen comes from. In both hemp and flax, the fibers are in the stalk of the plant. The fibers are something like the threads you see in a celery stalk -- long, stringy and tough. To get at the fibers, you comb them out of the woody part of the dried stalk. ", "Since a long time humans are capable of extracting the fiber from hemp and use it at their convenience. The simplest use is to make yarn and derivatived products (twine, rope, etc..) and therefore make fabrics and textiles. Let's do a summary of all hemp properties for textiles. Hemp fiber does not elongate. It has one of the lowest elongation rate of all natural fibers. Hemp fabrics do not deform, do not stretch and do not shrink. An hemp clothing keeps the same shape all life.", "Hemp is often considered an environmental super fibre. Hemp fabric is made from the fibres in the herbaceous plant of the species cannabis sativa. It’s a high-yield crop that produces significantly more fibre per acre than either cotton or flax. Eco Print. Hemp creates one of the most eco friendly fabrics in the world. Hemp requires no pesticides, crowds out weeds without herbicides, controls erosion of the topsoil, and produces oxygen. It is a renewable resource that can be cultivated in as little as 100 days and is the world’s most versatile fiber.", "Very soft hemp textiles. To the touch, hemp is different from other traditional fabrics such as cotton and linen with a soft feel. Moreover hemp has an extraordinary feature, more hemp clothing are washed more they soften. Thus hemp provides comfort and a feeling of softness to clothes. Hemp fiber does not elongate. It has one of the lowest elongation rate of all natural fibers. Hemp fabrics do not deform, do not stretch and do not shrink. An hemp clothing keeps the same shape all life." ], "url": [ "http://info.fabrics.net/fabric-facts/hemp-ramie-and-jute/", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hemp", "https://answers.yahoo.com/question/index?qid=20121212182206AA1Hfxd", "http://www.the-eco-market.com/hemp-fabric/", "http://www.dharmatrading.com/html/eng/1643912-AA.shtml", "http://science.howstuffworks.com/life/botany/question211.htm", "http://www.cabaneachanvre.com/en/content/1003-hemp-textiles-properties", "http://www.the-eco-market.com/hemp-fabric/", "http://www.cabaneachanvre.com/en/content/1003-hemp-textiles-properties" ] }

[]

[ "For a 1,000 square foot home, the cost of an HVAC system is $6,000 to $12,000, including a new furnace, air conditioning unit, and ductwork." ]

{ "is_selected": [ 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1 ], "passage_text": [ "1 For central air-conditioning, you’ll pay $3,000 to $5,000 and up for a 2,000 square foot home. 2 A new furnace in a central heating system costs $2,500 to $7,500 or more. HVAC—short for Heating, Ventilation and Air-Conditioning—refers to equipment that is used to regulate the temperature, humidity and air quality of a residential or commercial building. In this guide you’ll learn more about the components of a home HVAC system in addition to how much it costs to install one.", "BEYOND THE PURCHASE PRICE. Replacing your home's is heating and air conditioning system is a major decision, but you need to think more than just about the initial purchase price. Factor in how much you can save on your current energy bill by replacing your older system with a higher efficiency system. PURCHASE PRICE. Because a central heating and air conditioning system is not an off-the-shelf product, it requires a professional dealer to assess and install a system that’s right for your home. There is no MSRP.", "A large chunk of your household budget goes to heating and cooling your home. That cost only goes up when your home heating system doesn't work right or it breaks down. The cost to replace your home heating system won't be cheap either, but some contractors offer payment plans if you need help. Another place to look for help is your utility company; sometimes they offer rebates when you replace outworn equipment with an energy-star compliant system.", "1 A new furnace in a central heating system costs $2,500 to $7,500 or more. 2 If you don’t need ductwork, the cost of a new heating and cooling system can be significantly decreased. 3 In cases where new HVAC duct is required, however, you might pay $1,000 to $3,000. HVAC—short for Heating, Ventilation and Air-Conditioning—refers to equipment that is used to regulate the temperature, humidity and air quality of a residential or commercial building. In this guide you’ll learn more about the components of a home HVAC system in addition to how much it costs to install one.", "Home Heating System. If you are considering installing a central heating and air-conditioning system when you don't have one in your house, plan on spending several thousand dollars for the complete system. The size of the system determines the labor hours involved to build the system. To outfit a house with the ductwork and vents can cost as much as the brand new furnace or more when you consider installation fees upwards of $50 per hour. The cost to replace your home heating system won't be cheap either, but some contractors offer payment plans if you need help. Another place to look for help is your utility company; sometimes they offer rebates when you replace outworn equipment with an energy-star compliant system.", "The lower the Seasonal Energy Efficiency Rating (SEER), the more energy it takes to cool the home. The high-end system would cost Jeff $5,800, but for that $2,300 more, he got more features and optimum, 97 percent efficiency. Because the Wilsons mainly used their air conditioning to defuse the thick humidity typical in southeast Ohio during summer, a variable-speed blower was worth the investment. ", "1 Click here for information on Efficiency Maine’s incentives and home energy loans for heating system upgrades. 2 It typically costs $1.22 in weatherization to save a gallon of heating oil so be sure to consider weatherization if you are trying to reduce your heating costs. ", "As much as half of the energy used in your home goes to heating and cooling. So making smart decisions about your home's heating, ventilating, and air conditioning (HVAC) system can have a big effect on your utility bills — and your comfort. Take these steps to increase the efficiency of your heating and cooling system. ", "1 For a 1,000 square foot home, the cost of an HVAC system is $6,000 to $12,000, including a new furnace, air conditioning unit, and ductwork. 2 For larger homes and more complex setups, however, the price could be significantly higher. HVAC—short for Heating, Ventilation and Air-Conditioning—refers to equipment that is used to regulate the temperature, humidity and air quality of a residential or commercial building. In this guide you’ll learn more about the components of a home HVAC system in addition to how much it costs to install one." ], "url": [ "http://costowl.com/home-improvement/hvac-system.html", "https://www.trane.com/residential/en/buying-a-trane/about-pricing.html", "http://homeguides.sfgate.com/much-cost-replace-home-heating-system-66680.html", "http://costowl.com/home-improvement/hvac-system.html", "http://homeguides.sfgate.com/much-cost-replace-home-heating-system-66680.html", "http://www.hgtv.com/remodel/mechanical-systems/replace-old-heating-and-air-unit-with-new-efficient-hvac-system", "http://www.efficiencymaine.com/at-home/home-energy-savings-program/heating-cost-comparison/", "https://www.energystar.gov/index.cfm?c=heat_cool.pr_hvac", "http://costowl.com/home-improvement/hvac-system.html" ] }

[]

[ "200 feet × 85 feet with a corner radius of 28 feet." ]

{ "is_selected": [ 1, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0 ], "passage_text": [ "Most North American rinks follow the National Hockey League (NHL) specifications of 200 feet (61 m) × 85 feet (26 m) with a corner radius of 28 feet (8.5 m). The distance from the end boards to the nearest goal line is 11 feet (3.4 m). Hockey rinks in most of the world follow the International Ice Hockey Federation (IIHF) specifications, which is 61 metres (200 ft) × 30.5 metres (100 ft) with a corner radius of 8.5 metres (28 ft).", "Hockey rinks come in a variety of sizes. However in North America there are two standard sizes, one being the official NHL dimensions which are 61 meters by 26 meters. ", "Overall Rink Dimensions. The official size of a hockey rink is 200 ft long and 85 ft wide. The rounded corners will have a radius of 28 feet. The rink will be surrounded by “boards” made of wood or fibreglass which will be not less than 40″ high, and no higher than 48″ above the ice surface. ", "Hockey Rink Size. The rink measures 200 ft long (61 m). It has a width of 85 ft (or 26 m). The shape forms an arc and holds a radius of 28 ft (8.5 m). The structure is enfolded by boards measuring between 40” and 48”. These are made of fiberglass or wood. Rules dictate that these boards be whit", "National Hockey League (NHL). The official ice hockey rink dimensions for the NHL are 85 feet wide by 200 feet long (25.91 meters by 60.96 meters), for a total of 17,000 square feet or 1,579.47 square meters. Hockey Rink Diagram. The official ice hockey rink dimensions for Olympic or International Ice Hockey is 98.42 feet wide by 200.13 feet long (30 meters by 61 meters), for a total of 19,696.79 square feet or 1,830 square meters. Hockey Rink Diagram.", "An ice hockey rink is an ice rink that is specifically designed for ice hockey, a team sport. Alternatively it is used for other sports such as broomball, ringette and rink bandy. It is rectangular with rounded corners and surrounded by a wall approximately 1 meter (40-48 inches) high called the boards. Hockey rinks in most of the world follow the International Ice Hockey Federation (IIHF) specifications, which is 61 metres (200 ft) × 30.5 metres (100 ft) with a corner radius of 8.5 metres (28 ft).", "There are basically two rink sizes in use, although there is a great deal of variation in the dimensions of actual ice rinks. Historically, earlier ice rinks were smaller than today. Official National Hockey League rinks are 26 m × 61 m (85 ft × 200 ft). The dimensions originate from the size of the Victoria Skating Rink in Montreal, Canada. Official Olympic/International rinks have dimensions of 30 m × 60 m (98.4 ft × 197 ft).", "The Dimensions of Ice Rinks. Ice rinks come in different shapes and sizes depending on the purpose. Some rinks are made for speedskating. For short tracks, the normal size is 30 by 60 meters, a measurement that is used in official Olympic Games. For long tracks, the average length is 400 meters. For the winter sport called bandy, teams usually compete in rinks that measure 90 to 110 meters by 45 to 65 meters. For ice hockey, the international-size rink measures 61 by 30 meters, the corner radius of which is 4.2 meters.", "Goal & Crease. The size of the goals is consistent in rinks across the world (even ice hockey rinks). They are 6 feet (1.83 meters) wide and 4 feet (1.22 meters) high. They are positioned in the center of the goal line at each end of the rink. " ], "url": [ "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ice_hockey_rink", "http://www.answers.com/Q/What_is_the_official_standard_size_dimensions_for_a_NHL_hockey_rink", "http://www.sportsknowhow.com/hockey/dimensions/hockey-rink-dimensions.html", "http://www.dimensionsinfo.com/hockey-rink-dimensions/", "http://www.mybackyardicerink.com/hockey-rink-dimensions.html", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ice_hockey_rink", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ice_rink", "http://www.dimensionsinfo.com/ice-rink-dimensions/", "http://rollerhockey.isport.com/rollerhockey-guides/roller-hockey-rink-dimensions" ] }

[]

[ "$300 to $800." ]

{ "is_selected": [ 0, 0, 1, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0 ], "passage_text": [ "National Average. As of 2015, home improvement resource Home Advisor cites $470 as the national average cost for a land survey, with most homeowners paying between $320 and $620. The home improvement website ImproveNet quotes approximately $360 to $470. On the high end, land surveys can be upwards of $900. ", "Generally, you will pay for the lender’s survey. The cost is based on the value and size of the property, and is typically £150 to £1,500. Sometimes lenders offer mortgages with free valuation surveys. ", "Land Surveyor Costs. The costs to survey an average residential home is $300 to $800. The cost will depend on the layout and accessibility. It will also be based on how complex the job is and how detailed the reports need to be. Furthermore, price will always vary from company to company. ", "Lee. An appraisal will run about $325 to $350, a Survey on a standard lot should be about $250 to $300 and a home inspection should be between $250 and $350. Depending on the age of the home I also recomend a roof mitigation report to save money on home owners insurance. Home inspections generally run $250 to $300. Survey plans depend on whether or not your home is in a flood zone, because if it is, it would require an elevation certificate which would cause the price to double.", "1 For example, Homestead Land Surveying in California charges $55 an hour for the services of a junior survey technician, $95 an hour for a senior technician, $135 an hour for the principal land surveyor, $150 an hour for a two-person field crew and $220 an hour for a three-person field crew. 1 Ramsey Surveying in Arkansas estimates a typical lot survey for less than a half acre at $500 in subdivisions newer than 1970 and $750 for subdivisions older than 1950, with boundary surveys on up to 10 acres starting at $750-$850, and 10-20 acre parcels at $1,750 or more.", "1 Total costs depend on the type and complexity of survey. 2 A developer building new houses might have surveys done of the entire development then sell a copy of a specific parcel survey to the buyer of that lot for $300-$500. 1 Ramsey Surveying in Arkansas estimates a typical lot survey for less than a half acre at $500 in subdivisions newer than 1970 and $750 for subdivisions older than 1950, with boundary surveys on up to 10 acres starting at $750-$850, and 10-20 acre parcels at $1,750 or more.", "Confidence votes 7. The cost of home home survey, although it can vary by area is generally over one-hundred dollars and often as high as $350. The more work that the surveyor needs to do, the higher the cost. A large property or commercial survey can be much higher", "Find out how much your project will cost. Provide a few details about your project and receive competitive quotes from local pros. On average, hiring a land surveyor costs $477 nationally, with most homeowners spending between $334 and $651. This data is based on actual project costs as reported by HomeAdvisor members. One of the primary roles of the land surveyor is to find the boundaries of a property", "1 A typical residential lot survey might cost $300-$1,000 depending on local rates and the size and type of parcel; placing permanent stone or metal boundary markers may be optional at $100-$300 each. 1 Ramsey Surveying in Arkansas estimates a typical lot survey for less than a half acre at $500 in subdivisions newer than 1970 and $750 for subdivisions older than 1950, with boundary surveys on up to 10 acres starting at $750-$850, and 10-20 acre parcels at $1,750 or more." ], "url": [ "http://www.ehow.com/info_8669171_average-land-survey-cost.html", "https://www.moneyadviceservice.org.uk/en/articles/a-guide-to-homebuyer-surveys-and-costs", "http://www.costowl.com/home-improvement/other-hire-land-surveyor-cost.html", "http://www.trulia.com/voices/Home_Buying/What_is_the_average_cost_for_Home_inspection_-102814", "http://home.costhelper.com/land-surveyor.html", "http://home.costhelper.com/land-surveyor.html", "http://www.answers.com/Q/What_is_the_average_cost_of_a_new_house_survey", "http://www.homeadvisor.com/cost/architects-and-engineers/hire-a-land-surveyor/", "http://home.costhelper.com/land-surveyor.html" ] }

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[ "Strategic marketing planning is the process that the operational and managerial staff of a company goes through to create and implement effective marketing strategies." ]

{ "is_selected": [ 0, 0, 0, 0, 1, 0, 0 ], "passage_text": [ "Every CEO and marketing executive periodically faces urgent strategic marketing challenges that can affect the future of the company for many years. Frequently these decisions are made without having an opportunity to study the situation and make the best possible decision.", "Companies should analyze and track what their competitors are doing. It is important to know the strengths, weaknesses, objectives, and strategies of the competition. The marketing plan is an important document used by companies for planning. It is a road map and surveys the business environment, describes problems, threats and opportunities in the industry, contains a marketing strategy, and has financial projections/budgets. Do not confuse a marketing plan with a business plan.", "The second major advantage of strategic marketing planning is that is allows the business to create and utilize consistent messaging internally and externally. Consistent messaging in marketing creates efficient companies because employees and customers understand what the company offers and how the company offers it.", "Strategic marketing planning is not a one-time action, but rather an ongoing process. Typically, a company creates a strategic marketing plan that covers short-term (one year) and long-term (two year, three year and five year plans) periods.", "Strategic marketing planning is the process that the operational and managerial staff of a company goes through to create and implement effective marketing strategies. Strategic marketing planning takes several aspects of company marketing and promotion into consideration.", "Its conclusions are documented in a marketing plan that is regularly updated. The five steps in strategic marketing are: identifying a mission; analyzing the situation; setting objectives; developing a marketing strategy; and planning for evaluation.", "Use. Once a strategic marketing plan is in place, the company can use the plan as a guide in conducting its daily business as well as making short-term and long-term decisions. Implementation of the strategic marketing plan typically leads companies to the tactical marketing portion of conducting business." ], "url": [ "http://www.allen.com/cgi-bin/gt/tpl.h%2Ccontent=125", "http://academic.brooklyn.cuny.edu/economic/friedman/mmmarketingplanning.htm", "http://smallbusiness.chron.com/marketing-strategy-planning-628.html", "http://smallbusiness.chron.com/marketing-strategy-planning-628.html", "http://smallbusiness.chron.com/marketing-strategy-planning-628.html", "http://smallbusiness.chron.com/5step-strategic-marketing-process-15753.html", "http://smallbusiness.chron.com/marketing-strategy-planning-628.html" ] }

[]

[ "No" ]

{ "is_selected": [ 0, 0, 0, 1, 0, 0, 0, 0 ], "passage_text": [ "When a joint can move forward and backward, such as the neck and trunk, flexion refers to movement in the anterior direction. Flexion of the shoulder or hip refers to movement of the arm or leg forward. Extension is the opposite of flexion, describing a straightening movement that increases the angle between body parts. When a joint can move forward and backward, such as the neck and trunk, extension refers to movement in the posterior direction. For example, when standing up, the knees are extended. Pronation and supination refer to rotation of the forearm or foot so that in the anatomical position the palm or sole is facing anteriorly (supination) or posteriorly (pronation). Pronation at the forearm is a rotational movement where the hand and upper arm are turned inwards.", "Triceps brachii. Wrist flexion. Bend your hand towards your forearm. Wrist flexors. Wrist extension. Bend your hands backwards. Wrist extensors. A helpful way to learn the muscles is to get up out of your chair and move and mimic the actions for the muscles you are learning that week. Look at the picture of the muscle, find it on your body, and picture how the muscle is contracting and what muscles are involved in the movement. ", "Arm Flexion and Extension. Flexion of the arm is also called flexion of/at the shoulder. It is typically thought of as an anterior excursion of the arm, but remember that any motion away from full extension is flexion. Muscles: pectoralis major, coracobrachialis, biceps brachii, anterior fibers of deltoid. Extension of the arm is also called extens", "Full Muscles of the Arm and Hand Description. The muscles of the upper arm are responsible for the flexion and extension of the forearm at the elbow joint. Flexion of the forearm is achieved by a group of three muscles – the brachialis, biceps brachii, and brachioradialis. Muscles of the Arm and Hand. The muscles of the arm and hand are specifically designed to meet the body’s diverse needs of strength, speed, and precision while completing many complex daily tasks. Activities such as lifting weights or heavy boxes require brute strength from the muscles of the arm", "It is formed by the meeting of three bones: the humerus in the upper arm and the ulna and radius in the lower arm. Like all other hinge joints, the elbow permits movement in one plane, namely the flexion and extension of the forearm relative to the upper arm. ", "Pectoralis Major. The petoralis major is a large, strong muscle that produces shoulder flexion. It is located in the front of the chest and attaches by tendon to the humerus, or upper arm bone.", "It is typically thought of as movement of the arm posteriorly, but remember that any motion away from full flexion is extension. Muscles: latissimus dorsi and teres major, long head of triceps, posterior fibers of the deltoid. It is typically thought of as an anterior excursion of the arm, but remember that any motion away from full extension is flexion. Muscles: pectoralis major, coracobrachialis, biceps brachii, anterior fibers of deltoid.", "Biceps: Long Head. The biceps brachii muscle splits into two tendons at the shoulder: the long head and the short head. The long head of the biceps muscle assists other muscles with shoulder flexion. It is located in the front of the upper arm and attaches to the glenoid fossa, or socket part of the shoulder joint. The long head of the biceps muscle is innervated by the musculocutaneous nerve. The petoralis major is a large, strong muscle that produces shoulder flexion. It is located in the front of the chest and attaches by tendon to the humerus, or upper arm bone." ], "url": [ "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Flexion", "https://www.acefitness.org/blog/3535/muscles-that-move-the-arm", "http://www.med.umich.edu/lrc/coursepages/m1/anatomy2010/html/modules/upper_limb_module/upper_limb_07.html", "http://www.innerbody.com/anatomy/muscular/arm-hand", "http://www.innerbody.com/image/musc07.html", "http://healthyliving.azcentral.com/muscles-produce-shoulder-flexion-4708.html", "http://www.med.umich.edu/lrc/coursepages/m1/anatomy2010/html/modules/upper_limb_module/upper_limb_07.html", "http://healthyliving.azcentral.com/muscles-produce-shoulder-flexion-4708.html" ] }

[]

[ "10 days" ]

{ "is_selected": [ 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1, 0, 0 ], "passage_text": [ "Antibiotics should be taken for 10 days, even though symptoms are often gone within a few days. The following tips may help your sore throat feel better: 1 Drink warm liquids, such as lemon tea or tea with honey. 2 Gargle several times a day with warm salt water (1/2 tsp of salt in 1 cup water). 3 Drink cold liquids or suck on fruit-flavored ice pops.", "Tonsillitis symptoms due to strep will often get better within 2 or 3 days after you start the antibiotics. Children with strep throat should be kept home from school or day care until they have been on antibiotics for 24 hours.", "So it's very important to take the full 10-day course of antibiotic when you're treated for strep throat. Even though you may feel better in just a few days, finish the antibiotic.", "It usually takes 3-4 days before your infection gets under control when you take antibiotics. Gargle with salt water. I also found gargling with Chlorohexidine (mouth rinse for gum disease) helps. If you don't feel better in 3-4 days, go back to your doctor, your body may have developed a Penicillin resistant.", "Answer: If you're taking antibiotics for a strep throat, you can expect to start feeling a little bit better in two to three days, and oftentimes completely better in five days. Now you're going to say, gosh, if I feel better in five days, I can stop my antibiotics.", "Penicillin is often the first choice of antibiotic for strep throat unless you are allergic to it. Most antibiotics are taken for 10 days. Or a single shot of penicillin may be given. The shot does not help you get better any faster than other types of penicillin.", "Antibiotics should be taken for 10 days, even though symptoms are usually gone after a few days. The following tips may help your sore throat feel better: 1 Drink warm liquids such as lemon tea or tea with honey. 2 Gargle several times a day with warm salt water (1/2 tsp of salt in 1 cup water).", "Call your healthcare professional if you don't feel better after taking antibiotics for 48 hours. People with strep throat should stay home from work, school, or daycare until they have taken antibiotics for at least 24 hours so they don't spread the infection to others." ], "url": [ "https://www.nlm.nih.gov/medlineplus/ency/article/000639.htm", "https://www.nlm.nih.gov/medlineplus/ency/article/001043.htm", "http://abcnews.go.com/Health/ColdandFluQuestions/story?id=6426578", "https://ca.answers.yahoo.com/question/index?qid=20080626173122AAQP6Bq", "http://abcnews.go.com/Health/ColdandFluQuestions/story?id=6426578", "http://www.webmd.com/oral-health/antibiotics-for-strep-throat", "http://www.nytimes.com/health/guides/disease/strep-throat/overview.html", "http://www.cdc.gov/Features/StrepThroat/index.html" ] }

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[ "A mutual fund with a portfolio mixing stocks, bonds, and cash equivalents in different types of securities in a more-or-less fixed ratio. Balanced mutual funds are used for long-term investing.They also seek to diversify one's portfolio and avoid volatility in any one market.It is an example of an asset allocation fund." ]

{ "is_selected": [ 0, 0, 0, 0, 1, 0, 0, 0 ], "passage_text": [ "BREAKING DOWN 'Balanced Fund'. A balanced fund is geared toward investors who are looking for a mixture of safety, income and modest capital appreciation. The amounts that such a mutual fund invests into each asset class usually must remain within a set minimum and maximum. While some mutual funds include bonds in addition to other asset types, certain funds, aptly named bond funds, hold only ... BROWSE BY TOPIC: Asset Allocation Balanced Fund Buy and Hold Mutual Funds Portfolio Management Risk Management.", "balanced mutual fund. Mutual fund which attempts to balance a low-risk investment strategy by dividing its cash among common stock (ordinary shares), preferred stock (preference shares), and high-yield bonds. ", "A fund that combines a stock component, a bond component and, sometimes, a money market component, in a single portfolio. While some mutual funds include bonds in addition to other asset types, certain funds, aptly named bond funds, hold only ... BROWSE BY TOPIC: Asset Allocation Balanced Fund Buy and Hold Mutual Funds Portfolio Management Risk Management.", "Mutual funds are classified by the type of investments they own. Some mutual funds only own stocks. These are called equity fund s. Some mutual funds only own bonds. These are called bond funds or fixed income funds. But some mutual funds own both, and these are called balanced funds or blended funds.", "Balanced Mutual Fund. A mutual fund with a portfolio mixing stocks, bonds, and cash equivalents in different types of securities in a more-or-less fixed ratio. Balanced mutual funds are used for long-term investing. They also seek to diversify one's portfolio and avoid volatility in any one market. It is an example of an asset allocation f", "BREAKING DOWN 'Asset Allocation Fund'. Asset allocation mutual funds come in several varieties. Generally, a balanced fund implies a fixed mixed of stocks and bonds, such as 60% stocks and 40% bonds. ", "A mutual fund with a portfolio mixing stocks, bonds, and cash equivalents in different types of securities in a more-or-less fixed ratio. Balanced mutual funds are used for long-term investing. They also seek to diversify one's portfolio and avoid volatility in any one market. It is an example of an asset allocation fund. ", "The purpose of balanced funds (also sometimes called hybrid funds) is to provide investors with a single mutual fund that combines both growth and income objectives, by investing in both stocks (for growth) and bonds (for income). A mutual fund that buys a combination of common stock, preferred stock, bonds, and short-term bonds, to provide both income and capital appreciation while avoiding excessive risk." ], "url": [ "http://www.investopedia.com/terms/b/balancedfund.asp", "http://www.businessdictionary.com/definition/balanced-mutual-fund.html", "http://www.investopedia.com/terms/b/balancedfund.asp", "http://beginnersinvest.about.com/od/mutualfunds1/a/What-Is-A-Balanced-Mutual-Fund.htm", "http://financial-dictionary.thefreedictionary.com/Balanced+Mutual+Funds", "http://www.investopedia.com/terms/a/aaf.asp", "http://financial-dictionary.thefreedictionary.com/Balanced+mutual+fund", "http://www.investorwords.com/392/balanced_fund.html" ] }

[]

[ "60 degrees Celcius" ]

{ "is_selected": [ 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1, 0, 0 ], "passage_text": [ "Real Temp is a temperature monitoring program designed for all Intel single Core, Dual Core, Quad Core and Core i7 processors. 1 Ability to individually calibrate Real Temp for each core of your CPU. 2 Program is based on temperature data gathered using a Fluke 62 IR Thermometer. 3 Test Sensors feature will check your DTS sensors for any sign of problems.", "idel temp is the temp where the cpu last as long as you want it. there are soom good charts that show voltage vs life / per daily usage. a 24 hour server needs low temp and low voltage if google wants 7 year out of it. this would like chart with hours used per day vs cpu output. bottom line is 55-65c for quad core, each core at 100% should give you 7 year life. remember if the individual cores read 55-60c the temp of the cpu might be 49-50c.", "1 Reads temperature information from all Intel Core based processors. 2 Pentium 4 processors are not supported. 3 Ability to individually calibrate Real Temp for each core of your CPU. 4 Program is based on temperature data gathered using a Fluke 62 IR Thermometer. 1 Ability to individually calibrate Real Temp for each core of your CPU. 2 Program is based on temperature data gathered using a Fluke 62 IR Thermometer. 3 Test Sensors feature will check your DTS sensors for any sign of problems.", "In reply to: What is the ideal CPU temperature. I have an Athlon 64 3200+ Venice on socket 754 (its ancient but it works for me along with Vista) connected to a Thermaltake Golden Orb II with no fan control but running at 2200RPM tops and Arctic Silver 5 grease. I've heard 45 deg C when not being used and 65 deg C when heavily active. I've been annoyed with my fan running at 80% all the time to ensure that my CPU stays cool. So I just lowered it to around 65% and now my temperature hovers around 65% when I'm gaming. I want to make sure I'm not going to blow the darn thing up.", "April 15, 2013 3:49:03 AM. So i'm using fx 8120 3.1ghz. i wanted to ask what is the ideal temp. of cpu just wanna know is my CPU over heating or is it just fine. My temp. when i am browsing is 20 degrees Celsius to around 27 degrees. and when i am gaming its around from 40 degrees Celsius to 50 degrees. ", "Real Temp. Real Temp is a temperature monitoring program designed for all Intel single Core, Dual Core, Quad Core and Core i7 processors. Each core on these processors has a digital thermal sensor (DTS) that reports temperature data relative to TJMax which is the safe maximum operating core temperature for the CPU. As your CPU heats up, your Distance to TJMax will decrease. 1 Ability to individually calibrate Real Temp for each core of your CPU. 2 Program is based on temperature data gathered using a Fluke 62 IR Thermometer. 3 Test Sensors feature will check your DTS sensors for any sign of problems.", "You can check the specifications of your particular CPU at www.cpu-world.com which details the maximum operating temperature for many processors. In general you should consider 60 degrees Celcius the absolute maximum for long periods, but aim for 45-50 degrees to be safe. We're not talking about room temperature. Most CPU run over 100 degrees fahrenheit. The link that Jim Martin gave for http://www.cpu-world.com/ gives all the information on CPU temperatures.", "The ideal temperature is as cool as possible (which usually means room temperature) since a hot-running CPU could cause problems ranging from unwanted system crashes to physical damage to the processor itself. We're not talking about room temperature. Most CPU run over 100 degrees fahrenheit. The link that Jim Martin gave for http://www.cpu-world.com/ gives all the information on CPU temperatures.", "August 14, 2008 8:21:40 AM. ideal temp is the highest temp that the system will last at for the longest amount of time or the full life of the system. this would like chart with hours used per day vs cpu output. bottom line is 55-65c for quad core, each core at 100% should give you 7 year life. remember if the individual cores read 55-60c the temp of the cpu might be 49-50c." ], "url": [ "https://www.techpowerup.com/realtemp/", "http://www.tomshardware.com/forum/252723-28-what-ideal-temperature", "https://www.techpowerup.com/realtemp/", "http://www.cnet.com/forums/discussions/what-is-the-ideal-cpu-temperature-311501/", "http://www.tomshardware.com/answers/id-1652898/ideal-temp-cpu.html", "https://www.techpowerup.com/realtemp/", "http://www.pcadvisor.co.uk/how-to/desktop-pc/what-is-ideal-cpu-temperature-image-3498564/", "http://www.pcadvisor.co.uk/how-to/desktop-pc/what-is-ideal-cpu-temperature-image-3498564/", "http://www.tomshardware.com/forum/252723-28-what-ideal-temperature" ] }

[]

[ "A low cost, durable, instrument for accurately checking laboratory or production samples against consistency, viscosity or flow rate standards." ]

{ "is_selected": [ 0, 0, 1, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0 ], "passage_text": [ "Making the world better, one answer at a time. The Bostwick Consistometer is the preferred choice for measuring consistency, and flow rate in a variety of products. You can use the Bostwick on any viscous material like sauces, salad dressings, paints, chemicals or cosmetics. The Bostwick Consistometer is built for ease of operation and heavy duty use. The unit is made from stainless steel which resists corrosion. To clean it after a test, simply wash it out with water. The spring loaded gate makes the start of a test instantaneous and precise.", "BACK TO TOP. Step 1- The Bostwick Consistometer is designed to sit at a specified angle. The instrument must be adjusted to ensure that it is at this angle. Locate the two twist screws in the rear of the instrument as illustrated in I. Both of these may be adjusted to raise or lower the sides of the instrument", "Function. The Consistometer is a low cost, durable, instrument for accurately checking laboratory or production samples against consistency, viscosity or flow rate standards. It uses little bench space and is yet probably the simplest, most accurate method of conducting a variety of flow associated tests. The consistometer provides a single parameter for a variety of flow tests which can be carried out over any period under as near identical conditions as possible. The Consistometer or Bostwick Consistometer is manufactured from stainless steel engraved with a series of precise graduations at 0.5 cm intervals.", "Definition of CONSISTOMETER. : a device for measuring consistency or flow characteristics of a viscous or plastic substance (as a lubricating grease or a starch suspension). ADVERTISEMENT. consist ency + -o- + -meter. Origin of CONSISTOMETER. consist ency + -o- + -meter. This word doesn't usually appear in our free dictionary, but the definition from our premium Unabridged Dictionary is offered here on a limited basis. Note that some information is displayed differently in the Unabridged", "Bostwick Consistometer Operating instructions The consistency of a sample is measured by its resistance to flow under specific conditions, for a specified time. The Bostwick Consistometer is one of many instruments designed to make such measurements. Note: It is very important that the Bostwick Consistometer is dry before using it. Water will decrease the friction coefficient of the instrument and will result in false readings. Belgian Office: Vlamingstraat 4 - 8560 Wevelgem-Tel.: +32 56 43 28 13 - Fax: +32 56 43 28 14 - info@labomat.com-www.labomat.eu.", "The Bostwick Consistometer is the preferred choice for measuring consistency and flow rate in a variety of products. You can use the Bostwick on any viscous material such as sauces, salad dressings, paints, chemicals or cosmetics. The normal way to use the Consistometer is to measure the distance a sample flows in a given time interval. The Bostwick is a long trough with 0.5 cm graduations along the bottom. The trough is separated near one end by a spring-loaded gate. This forms a chamber where the sample is loaded", "The Bostwick Consistometer is the preferred choice for measuring consistency, and flow rate in a variety of products. The Bostwick Consistometer is built for ease of operation and heavy duty use. The unit is made from stainless steel which resists corrosion. To clean it after a test, simply wash it out with water. The spring loaded gate makes the start of a test instantaneous and precise.", "The Bostwick Consistometer is a simple, dependable instrument which determines the consistency of various materials by measuring the distance which a sample flows under its own weight. Extra Long 30cm Bostwick Consistometer has 60 x 0.5cm graduations. Bostwick Consistometer. The unit is constructed of stainless steel and is equipped with two levelling screws and a level. The gate is spring operated and held by a positive release mechanism, permitting instantaneous flow of sample." ], "url": [ "http://www.answers.com/Q/What_is_bostwick_consistometer", "http://www.qclabequipment.com/CONSISTOMETEROPS.html", "http://www.endecotts.com/products/sample-processing/consistometer/product-specifications/", "http://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/consistometer", "http://www.labomat.eu/document/docGB/03DA_Bostwick_B.pdf", "http://www.cscscientific.com/consistometer/bostwick-consistometer", "http://www.answers.com/Q/What_is_bostwick_consistometer", "http://camblab.info/wp/index.php/what-is-a-bostwick-consistometer/" ] }

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[ "There are a great many different modes of communication, which include speech, writing, communication in person or communication at a distance by means of radio, telephone, television, telegraph, etc." ]

{ "is_selected": [ 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1, 0 ], "passage_text": [ "The paper develops a theory of communication in which the sender’s and receiver’s motivations and abilities to communicate and process information endogenously determine the communication mode and the transfer of knowledge.", "Think of the project with the three modes of communication in mind. The brochure or poster is the Presentational mode. To adhere to the characteristics of the presentational mode, the student needs to submit draft documents for feedback.", "Using the Modes in Assessment. To maximize learning, the three modes of communication must be considered as three parts of a single goal: communication. Keep the visual images of the NAEP and the Wisconsin model in mind. It is possible to consider the modes separately, but their strength is in their interrelatedness.", "Modes of communication are ways (modes) of sending information from one person or device to another. modes of communication or computer,phone,email,andfacial exp … ression. 6 people found this useful.", "Modes of communication in a busy world. Technology is wonderful -- it allows us to communicate with others in all sorts of different ways. However, sometimes the way we or others choose is not the most appropriate for the recipient or the message.", "By looking at a project through the three modes of communication, the opportunities for students to use the language related to the theme multiply. Because the three tasks are interrelated, the learning links in the brain are strengthened.", "There are a great many different modes of communication, which include speech, writing, communication in person or communication at a distance by means of radio, telephone, television, telegraph, etc.; there are many different languages which can be used, including sign language which is non-verbal.", "The basic modes of communication include body language, the spoken word, the written word and communication via an intermediary/intermediaries (reference: Reading People by Jo-Ellen Dimitrius Ph.D). This author would like to add an additional mode of communication: touch." ], "url": [ "http://www.studymode.com/essays/Modes-Of-Communication-399401.html", "http://carla.umn.edu/assessment/vac/Modes/p_3.html", "http://carla.umn.edu/assessment/vac/Modes/p_3.html", "http://www.answers.com/Q/What_are_different_modes_of_communication", "http://leehopkins.com/modes-of-communication.html", "http://carla.umn.edu/assessment/vac/Modes/p_3.html", "http://www.answers.com/Q/What_are_the_different_modes_of_communication", "http://www.answers.com/Q/What_are_different_modes_of_communication" ] }

[]

[ "Candida Albicans." ]

{ "is_selected": [ 0, 0, 1, 0, 0 ], "passage_text": [ "Candida Albicans is an opportunistic fungus (or form of yeast) that is the cause of many undesirable symptoms ranging from fatigue and weight gain, to joint pain and gas. The Candida Albicans yeast is a part of the gut flora, a group of microorganisms that live in your mouth and intestine. When the Candida Albicans population starts getting out of control it weakens the intestinal wall, penetrating through into the bloodstream and releasing its toxic byproducts throughout the body.", "You must get the yeast out of your intestines. To keep your health in a good condition you must get the fungus out of your intestines as soon as you can. Intestinal yeast infections cause bloating, and this is just an early symptom.", "By Michael Biamonte, C.C.N. Candida Albicans is a yeast that lives in our intestinal tract. It is also the yeast that causes vaginal yeast infections. It is normal to have small amounts of candida so the friendly and protective bacteria in our body called “Acidophillus and Bifidus” can use it as food. When something happens to kill off these friendly bacteria the candida cells begin to multiply out of control.", "When the growth of yeast is NOT kept in check by the good probiotic bacteria and the yeast becomes too widespread, the body identifies it as a foreign invader and an immune response is triggered. The immune response can cause fatigue, weakness, feelings of malaise or depression, and flu-like symptoms.", "As they spread, these toxic byproducts cause damage to your body tissues and organs, wreaking havoc on your immune system. The major waste product of yeast cell activity is Acetaldehyde, a poisonous toxin that promotes free radical activity in the body." ], "url": [ "http://www.thecandidadiet.com/what-is-candida-albicans/", "http://www.natural-health-and-wellbeing.com/yeast-infections-cause-bloating.html", "http://health-truth.com/candida/overview-of-candida/the-true-cause-of-candida/", "http://www.mymiracletea.com/html/fungus_and_yeast_in_the_colon.html", "http://www.thecandidadiet.com/what-is-candida-albicans/" ] }

[]

[ "Alias is a name different than a person’s birth name. assumed or additional name used by a person, frequently to conceal her true identity, or such a name applied to a person by others." ]

{ "is_selected": [ 1, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0 ], "passage_text": [ "noun. The definition of an alias is a name different than a person’s birth name. 1 An example of an alias is when a person goes into the Witness Protection Program, and they have to assume a new identity with a new name so no one can find them. alias-Legal Definition. n. 1 An assumed or additional name used by a person, frequently to conceal her true identity, or such a name applied to a person by others. 2 See also known as. 3 An alias writ. 4 Link/Cite.", "Alias is a short and more popular phrase for alias dictus. The abbreviation a.k.a., also known as, is frequently used in connection with the description of a person sought by law enforcement officers to disclose the names that the person has been known to use. ALIAS, practice. This word is prefixed to the name of a second writ of the same kind issued in the same cause; as, when a summons has been issued and it is returned by the sheriff, nil, and another is issued, this is called an alias summons. The term is used to all kinds of writs, as alias fi. fa., alias vend", "alias. n. 1) a name used other the given name of a person or reference to that other name, which may not be an attempt to hide his/her identity (such as Harry for Harold, initials or a maiden name). (See: a.k.a.). alias. ALIAS, practice. This word is prefixed to the name of a second writ of the same kind issued in the same cause; as, when a summons has been issued and it is returned by the sheriff, nil, and another is issued, this is called an alias summons. The term is used to all kinds of writs, as alias fi. fa., alias vend.", "alias-Computer Definition. (1) An alternate name used for identification, such as for naming a field or a file. See CNAME record and e-mail alias. (2) In the Mac, an alias is an icon that points to a program or data file. alias-Legal Definition. n. 1 An assumed or additional name used by a person, frequently to conceal her true identity, or such a name applied to a person by others. 2 See also known as. 3 An alias writ. 4 Link/Cite.", "More. A Latin word, alias means literally ‘at another time, otherwise’. The term aliasing has been taken up in specialist fields such as computing for the use of an alternative name referring to a file etc, and telecommunications for misidentification of a signal frequency, introducing distortion or error. View synonyms. 1.1 Computing An alternative name or label that refers to a file, command, address, or other item, and can be used to locate or access it. Example sentences. 1 This file contains a map of e-mail aliases to user names.", "1 Shaun Hutson, alias The Godfather of Gore, made his name as a horror writer with novels like Slugs, Spawn and Relics. 2 Jason Durr, alias PC Mike Bradley, joined other cast members, producers and writers at Betty's to toast ten successful years creating the 1960s village of Aidensfield in the heart of North Yorkshire. View synonyms. 1.1 Computing An alternative name or label that refers to a file, command, address, or other item, and can be used to locate or access it. Example sentences. 1 This file contains a map of e-mail aliases to user names.", "Alias is a short and more popular phrase for alias dictus. The abbreviation a.k.a., also known as, is frequently used in connection with the description of a person sought by law enforcement officers to disclose the names that the person has been known to use. alias. ALIAS, practice. This word is prefixed to the name of a second writ of the same kind issued in the same cause; as, when a summons has been issued and it is returned by the sheriff, nil, and another is issued, this is called an alias summons. The term is used to all kinds of writs, as alias fi. fa., alias vend.", "Hebrew Meaning: The name Elias is a Hebrew baby name. In Hebrew the meaning of the name Elias is: Jehovah is God. American Meaning: The name Elias is an American baby name. In American the meaning of the name Elias is: Jehovah is God. Spanish Meaning: The name Elias is a Spanish baby name. In Spanish the meaning of the name Elias is: My God is Jehovah.Elijah. Biblical Meaning: The name Elias is a Biblical baby name. In Biblical the meaning of the name Elias is: God the Lord; the strong Lord. Greek Meaning: The name Elias is a Greek baby name. In Greek the meaning of the name Elias is: The Greek form of the Hebrew Elijah, meaning Jehovah is God", "alias. n. 1) a name used other the given name of a person or reference to that other name, which may not be an attempt to hide his/her identity (such as Harry for Harold, initials or a maiden name). (See: a.k.a.). ALIAS, practice. This word is prefixed to the name of a second writ of the same kind issued in the same cause; as, when a summons has been issued and it is returned by the sheriff, nil, and another is issued, this is called an alias summons. The term is used to all kinds of writs, as alias fi. fa., alias vend" ], "url": [ "http://www.yourdictionary.com/alias", "http://legal-dictionary.thefreedictionary.com/Alias", "http://legal-dictionary.thefreedictionary.com/Aliases", "http://www.yourdictionary.com/alias", "http://www.oxforddictionaries.com/definition/english/alias", "http://www.oxforddictionaries.com/definition/english/alias", "http://legal-dictionary.thefreedictionary.com/Aliases", "http://www.sheknows.com/baby-names/name/elias", "http://legal-dictionary.thefreedictionary.com/Alias" ] }

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[ "Last about 1 to 3 weeks." ]

{ "is_selected": [ 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1, 0 ], "passage_text": [ "Best Answer: stargazer lily is classified as a summer bulb. Depending on which zone you live in, it most likely won't winter over. In the meantime, while it is in the flower mode, pull the yellow fuzzy pollen pods off of the stamin. Because it is a bulb, all the nutrients need to return to the bulb. once it has turned completely brown, the plant part should come off easily. then you can remove the bulb from the soil and store in cool, dark, dry place. Bags from onions work well for this. Add a little saw dust or peat moss.", "Answers. Best Answer: Their average bloom cycle lasts 2 - 3 weeks. After the last bloom has faded and fallen off, let the leaves get 8 - 12 weeks of sun before cutting them back. I prefer to let the leaves die back naturally before I cut them. Those leaves soak up that sun and store its energy in the bulb for next year's blooms. ", "If you do, brush it off with a dry paper towel, that should remove most of it. How to Cut lilies I am new to this lily thing. I purchased some stargazer lilies from the greenhouse and replanted them in a raised bed on the side of my house. HI Nancy When cutting lilies to bring inside leave 1/2 to 2/3 of the stem of the plant so it can rebuild the bulb. For miximum enjoyment, cut them when they are just about to open. Place your cut flowers in cool water with some floral preservative.", "3. Dig a hole with your garden shovel for each bulb. Each hole should be approximately 4 to 6 inches (10.2 to 15.2 cm) deep and spaced a minimum of 6 inches (15.2 cm) apart from one another. This distance allows for ample growing room", "Flower bulbs grow well in soil with pH of 6.5 to 6.8. For indoor lilies, place the plant in a sun-filtered room with nighttime temperatures from 60 to 65 F and daytime temperatures between 68 to 85 F. Keep it away from direct heat sources. Stargazer, an oriental hybrid of lily (Lilium spp.), grows well in U.S. Department of Agriculture plant hardiness zones 8 and 9, usually reaching 2 to 4 feet high.", "Blooms. Lilies usually bloom in mid to late summer. Stargazer lily plants produce 4 to 12 flowers on each stalk, often in late July to early August. Flowers typically last about 1 to 3 weeks, but new blooms may appear through September. Stargazer, an oriental hybrid of lily (Lilium spp.), grows well in U.S. Department of Agriculture plant hardiness zones 8 and 9, usually reaching 2 to 4 feet high.", "Bloom Period. How long the plants bloom depends on the age, light and nutrients they get. Mature plants hold from four to 12 blooms that open in sequence over a period of approximately two weeks. On plants with many blooms, early blooms may fade as later buds above them open. Deadheading spent blooms helps strengthen the lily's bulb. Oriental Bloom. Oriental lilies bloom as Asiatic lilies fade in summer and Stargazers are early bloomers among Orientals. Where the last freezes of winter occur in May, Stargazers bloom in late July and August. In warmer zones, where bulbs can be planted as early as February, plants will bloom in late May and June." ], "url": [ "https://answers.yahoo.com/question/index?qid=1006052508627", "https://answers.yahoo.com/question/index?qid=20070529061832AAbJXTf", "http://hortchat.com/info/cut-lilies", "http://www.wikihow.com/Grow-Stargazer-Lilies", "http://homeguides.sfgate.com/long-stargazer-lilies-bloom-61121.html", "http://homeguides.sfgate.com/long-stargazer-lilies-bloom-61121.html", "http://www.ehow.com/facts_7835701_do-long-do-stay-bloom.html" ] }

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[ "It is a rare inherited disorder that causes an amino acid called phenylalanine to build up in your body." ]

{ "is_selected": [ 0, 1, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0 ], "passage_text": [ "Definition of Phenylketonuria. Phenylketonuria: The inherited inability to metabolize (process) the essential amino acid phenylalanine due to complete or near-complete deficiency of the enzyme phenylalanine hydroxylase. Newborns are screened for phenylketonuria (PKU) by a blood test, usually with the Guthrie card bloodspot obtained from a heelprick. Treatment is with a special diet low in phenylalanine. The goal is to normalize the levels of phenylalanine and tyrosine in the blood to prevent brain damage.", "Definition. Phenylketonuria (fen-ul-ke-toe-NU-re-uh), also called PKU, is a rare inherited disorder that causes an amino acid called phenylalanine to build up in your body. PKU is caused by a defect in the gene that helps create the enzyme needed to break down phenylalanine. Without the enzyme necessary to process phenylalanine, a dangerous buildup can develop when a person with PKU eats foods that are high in protein. This can eventually lead to serious health problems", "Phenylketonuria (commonly known as PKU) is an inherited disorder that increases the levels of a substance called phenylalanine in the blood. Phenylalanine is a building block of proteins (an amino acid) that is obtained through the diet. It is found in all proteins and in some artificial sweeteners. ", "a congenital disease due to a defect in metabolism of the amino acid phenylalanine. The condition is hereditary and transmitted as a recessive trait. Symptoms result from lack of an enzyme, phenylalanine hydroxylase, necessary for the conversion of phenylalanine to tyrosine. ", ": an inherited metabolic disorder caused by an enzyme deficiency resulting in accumulation of phenylalanine and its metabolites in the blood causing usually severe mental retardation and seizures unless phenylalanine is restricted from the diet beginning at birth —abbreviation PKU. ", "Definition. Phenylketonuria (PKU) can be defined as a rare metabolic disorder caused by a deficiency in the production of the hepatic (liver) enzyme phenylalanine hydroxylase (PAH). Abbr. PKU A genetic disorder in which the body lacks the enzyme necessary to metabolize phenylalanine to tyrosine. Left untreated, the disorder can cause brain damage and progressive mental retardation as a result of the accumulation of phenylalanine and its breakdown products.", "Phenylketonuria Definition: Phenylketonuria (PKU) is a genetic disorder that is characterized by an inability of the body to utilize the essential amino acid, phenylalanine. ", "Phenylketonuria (PKU) is an inborn error of metabolism involving impaired metabolism of phenylalanine, one of the amino acids. Untreated PKU can lead to intellectual disability, seizures, and other serious medical problems. Phenylketonuria (pronounced fen-l-kee-toh-NOOR-ee-uh), often called PKU, is an inherited disorder that that can cause intellectual and developmental disabilities (IDDs) if not treated. In PKU, the body can't process a portion of a protein called phenylalanine, which is in all foods containing protein.", "Phenylketonuria, often called PKU is a genetic disorder that causes a mutation in the liver (hepatic) enzyme, phenylalanine hydroxylase, that is necessary to metabolize phenylalanine into the amino acid tyrosine. " ], "url": [ "http://www.medicinenet.com/script/main/art.asp?articlekey=4869", "http://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/phenylketonuria/basics/definition/CON-20026275", "http://ghr.nlm.nih.gov/condition/phenylketonuria", "http://medical-dictionary.thefreedictionary.com/PKU", "http://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/phenylketonuria", "http://medical-dictionary.thefreedictionary.com/Phenylketonuria", "http://www.medhelp.org/lib/pku.htm", "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmedhealth/PMH0002150/", "http://www.alleydog.com/glossary/definition.php?term=Phenylketonuria" ] }

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[ "Replacement windows are available in a variety of sizes that are listed according to width and height." ]

{ "is_selected": [ 0, 0, 0, 1, 0, 0, 0, 0 ], "passage_text": [ "Re: Rough opening vs. actual window sizes... « Reply #4 on: March 10, 2011, 05:50:05 PM ». If your talking vinyl windows what ever the stated size is, that the RO size. Pretty simple, a 3-0' x 5-0' window gets a 36 x 60 RO. Re: Rough opening vs. actual window sizes... « Reply #2 on: March 09, 2011, 04:34:57 AM ». I built my rough openings 1/2 in. larger than the window as suggested by the manufacturer, which leaves 1/4 in gap all around.", "Tip. 1 When installing a window that's not as wide as the existing rough opening, mark the width of the window on the sill and header. 2 Detach the trimmers from the framing at each side and reinstall them 1/4 inch from the corresponding marks before you install flashing at the opening. For example, a window that’s 4-feet wide and 3-feet high is listed as 4/0 - 3/0. But the actual measurements of windows vary depending on a particular manufacturer and the installation system. For this reason, use a proven method to measure the rough opening before purchasing a replacement window.", "No, the glass in dual pane windows is easily replaced, making the window as good as new. What is R.O. vs Net (Rough Opening VS Net Size). Rough Opening is the actual size of the framed window or door opening. Rough opening windows or doors will come a 1/ 2” under from the actual window opening. Net Size means the actual size of window you order. Example: You order a 60 X 60 R.O Picture Window, when the window arrives it will be 59 ½ X 59 ½. ", "“Rough Opening” refers to the framed opening of a window. Framed openings have a header across the top, a sill plate across the bottom and vertical trimmers between the header and sill at each side. Replacement windows are available in a variety of sizes that are listed according to width and height. For example, a window that’s 4-feet wide and 3-feet high is listed as 4/0 - 3/0. But the actual measurements of windows vary depending on a particular manufacturer and the installation system. For this reason, use a proven method to measure the rough opening before purchasing a replacement window.", "Deduct 1/2 inch from the measurement for the width of the opening to allow clearance for rolled paper flashing at each side of the opening. Deduct 5/8 inch from the height measurement to allow clearance for rolled flashing across the top and a sheet metal sill flashing across the bottom of the opening. For example, a window that’s 4-feet wide and 3-feet high is listed as 4/0 - 3/0. But the actual measurements of windows vary depending on a particular manufacturer and the installation system. For this reason, use a proven method to measure the rough opening before purchasing a replacement window.", "Framing rough openings for windows and doors (standard door and windows openings) is really straight forward if you follow some simple dimensional rules. For standard wood framed construction the rough openings for doors and windows is typically the actual unit size plus 2-1/2 inches in height and width. The 6/8 stands for 6′-8″ tall and the 3/0 stands for 3′-0″ wide. Therefore the rough opening would be 82-1/2″ tall by 38-1/2″ wide. 82-1/2 inches also happens to be the standard “header height” for windows and doors. If you’re a novice framer then this is the height of the BOTTOM of the window and door headers. This is also the top of the jack studs", "1 Measure the width across the bottom of your window opening between the inside faces of the framing on each side. 2 Measure the height of the opening between the bottom of the header and the top of the sill on the left, right, and center of the opening. 3 Measure the thickness of the flashing needed. 1 Measure the width across the window top of your opening between the inside faces of the framing on each side. 2 ", "Grille pattern shown is standard grille pattern for appropriate window size.• 5/0, 5/2 & 5/6 height windows also available as “cottage style windows (unequal sash). Top sash is shorter than the bottom sash.• 6/0 height windows also available as “oriel style (unequal sash). Bottom sash is shorter than the top sash. The Home Depot EGRESS SIZE:• clear opening of 5.7 sq. ft. or greater• clear opening width of 20 or greater• clear opening height of 24 or greater *Rough opening sizes shown are for frame construction. " ], "url": [ "http://www.countryplans.com/smf/index.php?topic=10388.0", "http://homeguides.sfgate.com/measure-rough-opening-replacement-windows-38236.html", "http://tru-viewglass.com/faq/", "http://homeguides.sfgate.com/measure-rough-opening-replacement-windows-38236.html", "http://homeguides.sfgate.com/measure-rough-opening-replacement-windows-38236.html", "http://www.homeconstructionimprovement.com/rough-openings-standard-framing-dimensions/", "http://www.weathershield.com/News/WS-Blog/Weather-Shield-Blog/October-2014/What-is-a-Windows-Rough-Opening", "http://americancraftsmanwindows.com/wp-content/uploads/Pages-from-Size-Chart_50-Series-Single-Hung-sml.pdf" ] }

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[ "Yes" ]

{ "is_selected": [ 0, 1, 0, 0, 0 ], "passage_text": [ "The chemical nepetalactone is to credit for your kitty's crazy reaction to catnip. The chemical, which is a mild hallucinogen, doesn't affect humans in the same sense as we do not rely as heavily on our noses as cats do. In fact, it doesn't even affect all cats.", "Is Catnip a Drug for Cats? Most people think of catnip as having drug-like effects on their cats. Some cats lick it, eat it or just sniff it and owners can see a definite behavior change. Catnip is actually a plant from the mint family. It contains the chemical trans-nepetalactone which causes the cats' odd behavior. It is not a drug; therefore completely safe for cats!House cats aren't the only animals that go bonkers for catnip; tigers do too. In fact, all animals in the felidae family react to it.", "· just now. Report Abuse. You can drink catnip in a tea if you don't mix it with other herbs such as a chamomile or peppermint, its very bitter, However a person does not get any type of drug effect from it. Its a Herb. just like Lavender or chamomile is, its the same thing.", "Best Answer: Catnip has been a popular stimulant for cats for a long time. Over the years, it has been found to illicit intensely pleasurable reactions in most, but not all, cats. Is part of the mint family. It grows as weed in parts in midwest U.S. and Canada.", "Due to the intoxication-like reaction, catnip is often referred to as the kitty drug and can result in some pretty funny kitty movements. It looks as if your cat is truly having a good time! Some cat parents reportedly see their cat have an increase in vocalization and a seemingly sexual arousal to catnip." ], "url": [ "http://www.sheknows.com/pets-and-animals/articles/995049/high-on-catnip-the-science-behind-the-kitty-drug", "http://www.scienceiq.com/Facts/IsCatnipaDrugforCats.cfm", "https://answers.yahoo.com/question/index?qid=20090209131843AA7YRDq", "https://answers.yahoo.com/question/index?qid=20090209131843AA7YRDq", "http://www.sheknows.com/pets-and-animals/articles/995049/high-on-catnip-the-science-behind-the-kitty-drug" ] }

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[ "Ankylosing spondylitis (AS) is a type of arthritis, an inflammatory disease that causes pain, stiffness, and swelling in the joints. AS most often affects the joints of the spine, which are more commonly known as vertebrae.Pain in the hips and shoulders is also common in people who have AS." ]

{ "is_selected": [ 1, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0 ], "passage_text": [ "Ankylosing spondylitis (AS) is a type of arthritis, an inflammatory disease that causes pain, stiffness, and swelling in the joints. AS most often affects the joints of the spine, which are more commonly known as vertebrae. Pain in the hips and shoulders is also common in people who have AS. Like other forms of arthritis, ankylosing spondylitis does not have a cure. However, treatment can manage symptoms, and may even put you into remission.", "Ankylosing spondylitis is a chronic autoimmune disorder resulting in painful inflammation of the spine and joints in the shoulders, hips and knees. It resembles rheumatoid arthritis and the arthritis that sometimes accompanies psoriasis and inflammatory bowel disease. If you or you partner smokes, quit now. Smoking is particularly troublesome for people with ankylosing spondylitis because the condition can affect the mobility of the rib cage. Add to that any lung damage caused by smoking, and you are likely to develop breathing difficulties.", "For years I was treated with a TNF Blocker to treat the Ankylosing Spondylitis with nominal results. Unfortunately I suffered from side effects such as Psoriasis, and an increased susceptibility to Staph infections. Unable to manage the side effects, I decided to see if I could treat the condition naturally. ", "Ankylosing spondylitis is an inflammatory disease that affects the joints (called the sacroiliac joints) in the lower back in between the spine and pelvis. These joints over time often become swollen and inflamed. One potential complication of this condition is that the spinal bones can fuse together. Ankylosing spondylitis is an inflammatory disease that affects the joints (called the sacroiliac joints) in the lower back in between the spine and pelvis. It is an inflammatory arthritis that particularly affects younger people, predominantly males, between the ages of 20 and 40.", "For years I was treated with a TNF Blocker to treat the Ankylosing Spondylitis with nominal results. Unfortunately I suffered from side effects such as Psoriasis, and an increased susceptibility to Staph infections. Unable to manage the side effects, I decided to see if I could treat the condition naturally. How I conquered AS naturally. I was diagnosed with Ankylosing Spondylitis (Click here) seven years ago. I went from feeling OK one day to being in the hospital the next. I could barely walk or turn my head because I was so stiff.", "6. Massage. “Massage therapy, when performed by a therapist accustomed to working with ankylosing spondylitis, may be helpful,” Ostrowski says. Massage may not only help relieve the pain and stiffness of AS but also ease the stress commonly brought on by having a chronic condition. 7.", "Ankylosing Spondylitis. Ankylosing Spondylitis. Ankylosing Spondylitis is a progressive autoimmune disease, which causes inflammation of and arthritic reactions to the spine and large joints. We believe that natural supplements combined with gentle exercise and a good diet are the best possible treatment method." ], "url": [ "http://www.healthline.com/health-slideshow/ankylosing-spondylitis-remission", "http://www.drweil.com/drw/u/QAA400832/Treating-Ankylosing-Spondylitis.html", "http://treating-ankylosing-spondylitis-natur.blogspot.com/2011/03/how-i-conquered-as-naturally.html", "https://www.wholesomeone.com/condition/ankylosing-spondylitis-natural-treatments", "http://treating-ankylosing-spondylitis-natur.blogspot.com/", "http://www.everydayhealth.com/hs/ankylosing-spondylitis-treatment-management/natural-pain-relief/", "http://www.regenerativenutrition.com/natural-supplements-cure-ankylosing-spondylitis.asp" ] }

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[ "it is the most abundant organic compound on earth and a major component of tough cell walls that surround plant cells, and is what makes plant stems, leaves, and branches so strong." ]

{ "is_selected": [ 0, 0, 1, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0 ], "passage_text": [ "Like plants, algae have cell walls. Algal cell walls contain either polysaccharides (such as cellulose (a glucan)) or a variety of glycoproteins (Volvocales) or both. The inclusion of additional polysaccharides in algal cells walls is used as a feature for algal taxonomy. The composition of the cell wall varies between species and may depend on cell type and developmental stage. The primary cell wall of land plants is composed of the polysaccharides cellulose, hemicellulose and pectin. In bacteria, peptidoglycan forms the cell wall.", "Unlike animal cells plant cells have an outer cell wall composed of polysaccharides, in particular cellulose. Cell walls provide rigidity and mechanical support, maintain cell shape and the direction of cell growth. Digestibility of plant structures | Digestive efficiency of ruminants | Digestive efficiency of hindgut fermenters | Environmental effects of low digestibility Animals can easily digest the contents of plant cells, but not their cell walls. All plant cells have an outer cell wall composed of cellulose or lignin..", "Structure. Cellulose is a very important polysaccharide because it is the most abundant organic compound on earth. Cellulose is a major component of tough cell walls that surround plant cells, and is what makes plant stems, leaves, and branches so strong. Next time you eat a salad, think about how much you have to chew it in order to be able to swallow all that plant material. All plants make the molecule cellulose. Not only is there more cellulose than any other organic molecule on Earth, but its unique structure lends itself to a wide variety of functions and products.", "As the chief constituent (or main ingredient) of the cell walls of plants, cellulose performs a structural or skeletal function. Just as our hard, bony skeletons provide attachment points for our muscles and support our bodies, so the rigidity or stiffness found in any plant is due to the strength of its cell walls. Cellulose and plant cells. Since cellulose is the main building material out of which plants are made, and plants are the primary or first link in what is known as the food chain (which describes the feeding relationships of all living things), cellulose is a very important substance.", "Cellulose is the substance that makes up most of a plant's cell walls. Since it is made by all plants, it is probably the most abundant organic compound on Earth. Aside from being the primary building material for plants, cellulose has many others uses. Cellulose and plant cells. Since cellulose is the main building material out of which plants are made, and plants are the primary or first link in what is known as the food chain (which describes the feeding relationships of all living things), cellulose is a very important substance.", "Polysaccharides are an important class of biological polymers. Their function in living organisms is usually either structure-or storage-related. Starch (a polymer of glucose) is used as a storage polysaccharide in plants, being found in the form of both amylose and the branched amylopectin. In animals, the structurally similar glucose polymer is the more densely branched glycogen, sometimes called 'animal starch'. Examples include storage polysaccharides such as starch and glycogen, and structural polysaccharides such as cellulose and chitin. Polysaccharides are often quite heterogeneous, containing slight modifications of the repeating unit.", "Sources for cellulose. Cellulose is found in plants as microfibrils [ 1598 ] (2-20 nm diameter and 100 - 40 000 nm long). These form the structurally strong framework in the cell walls. Cellulose (E460) is mostly prepared from wood pulp. Cellulose is also produced in a highly hydrated form by some bacteria (for example, Acetobacter xylinum). Cellulose is a linear polymer of β-(1 4)-D-glucopyranose units in C1 conformation. The fully equatorial conformation of β-linked glucopyranose residues stabilizes the chair structure, minimizing its flexibility (for example, relative to the slightly more flexible α-linked glucopyranose residues in amylose).", "Cellulose is an organic compound with the formula (C 6H 10O 5) n, a polysaccharide consisting of a linear chain of several hundred to many thousands of β(1→4) linked D-glucose units. Cellulose is an important structural component of the primary cell wall of green plants, many forms of algae and the oomycetes. Some species of bacteria secrete it to form biofilms. Cellulose is the most abundant organic polymer on Earth. The cellulose content of cotton fiber is 90%, that of wood is 40–50% and that of dried hemp is approximately 45%. Some animals, particularly ruminants and termites, can digest cellulose with the help of symbiotic micro-organisms that live in their guts, such as Trichonympha. In humans, cellulose acts as a hydrophilic bulking agent for feces and is often referred to as a dietary fiber .", "Plant cells are eukaryotic cells i.e., the DNA in a plant cell is enclosed within the nucleus. The most important distinctive structure of plant cell is the presence of the cell wall outside the cell membrane. It forms the outer lining of the cell. " ], "url": [ "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cell_wall", "http://sci.waikato.ac.nz/farm/content/plantstructure.html", "http://study.com/academy/lesson/cellulose-in-plants-function-structure-quiz.html", "http://www.scienceclarified.com/Ca-Ch/Cellulose.html", "http://www.scienceclarified.com/Ca-Ch/Cellulose.html", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Polysaccharide", "http://www1.lsbu.ac.uk/water/cellulose.html", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cellulose", "http://biology.tutorvista.com/animal-and-plant-cells/plant-cell.html" ] }

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[ "165 lbs" ]

{ "is_selected": [ 0, 0, 1, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0 ], "passage_text": [ "Granite, solid - 168 pounds/cubic foot Granite, broken - 103 pounds/cubic foot So...if it's solid granite, and you've got 3 1/2 X 2 X 1/2 X 2 feet (that's 17 1/2 cubic feet) then it would weigh 2,940 pounds!!! (Yikes...that seems high! It weighs about 2-3/4 times as much as water. A cubic yard or 27 cubic feet of water is 62.4 lbs/ft^3 x 27 or 1685 lbs, for granite that would be 4633 lbs or almost 2.35 tons.", "The average weight of a sandstone boulder is approximately 150 pounds per cubic foot. Limestone boulders and granite boulders in most cases weigh more. They average about 175 pounds per cubic foot. To estimate the quantity, you need to convert the area into cubic feet by multiplying length x width x height. ", "... or the 1 cu ft of 1 inch crushed stone ia about 125 lbs per cubic foot or 27 times that ... with a solid stone of granite that has a weight of 165 lbs per cu ... Weights Granite: 165 lbs per cubic foot Crushed Granite: 2500 lbs per cubic yard Lava Rock: ...", "4. Multiply the weight of the gravel, in this case 105 pounds, by 27 to determine cubic yards because there are 27 cubic feet in 1 cubic yard. The result is 2,835 pounds per cubic yard of gravel. Find the weight of the gravel by subtracting the weight of the box -- 5 pounds -- from the combined weight of 110 pounds. The result is 105 pounds per cubic foot of gravel.", "Granite, solid weigh(s) 2.691 gram per (cubic centimeter) or 1.555 ounce per (cubic inch). weight to volume. volume to weight. ", "Density of water is 62.4 pounds per cubic foot (pcf) Density of rock varies … Limestone = 165 … (weight per unit volume) of rock is greater than the …. The average weight of a sandstone boulder is approximately 150 pounds per cubic foot. Limestone boulders and granite boulders in most cases weigh more. How much does 1 cubic foot of Silverdale limestone weigh – Ask …. Typically limestone averages a weight of 171 pounds per cubic foot. However, this number will vary slightly depending on the type of limestone.", "Once cubic foot of water weighs 62lbs water expands 4% when frozen, so..... one cubic foot of water becomes 1.04 cubic feet of ice, so..... one cubic foot … of ice should weigh 59.52 lbs I surmized this by subtracting 4% from the weight of the water since 1.04 cubic feet of ice weighs the same as one cubic foot of water and because we only want the weight of one cubic foot of ice. ", "The typical weight of 1 cubic foot of gravel that is 1/4 inch to 2 inches in size is 105 pounds when dry, and 125 pounds when wet. It is important to know the weight of a cubic yard of gravel if you plan to transport it in your truck. Find the weight of the gravel by subtracting the weight of the box -- 5 pounds -- from the combined weight of 110 pounds. The result is 105 pounds per cubic foot of gravel. Multiply the weight of the gravel, in this case 105 pounds, by 27 to determine cubic yards because there are 27 cubic feet in 1 cubic yard. The result is 2,835 pounds per cubic yard of gravel", "sand,brick.cement, limestone, volume weight per cubic meters ... The average weight of a sandstone boulder is approximately 150 pounds per cubic foot. Limestone boulders and granite ... weight of crushed stone per cubic metre ... Weights Granite: 165 lbs per cubic foot Crushed Granite: 2500 lbs per cubic yard Lava Rock: ..." ], "url": [ "https://uk.answers.yahoo.com/question/index?qid=20090504145537AAkTvOH", "http://www.delawarequarries.com/landscape/boulders/boulderwt.html", "http://www.crusherasia.com/stone/4690.html", "http://homeguides.sfgate.com/calculate-weight-per-cubic-yard-gravel-82812.html", "http://www.aqua-calc.com/page/density-table/substance/Granite-coma-and-blank-solid", "http://www.ironoremining.org/our-capability/industrial-and-energy/weight-of-limestone-rock-per-cubic-foot/", "http://www.answers.com/Q/How_much_does_a_cubic_foot_of_granite_weigh", "http://homeguides.sfgate.com/calculate-weight-per-cubic-yard-gravel-82812.html", "http://www.crusherasia.com/stone/4690.html" ] }

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[ "A bachelor's degree in the arts, augmented by classes in education. In both cases, the teaching and art classes can be taken simultaneously and incorporated into the degree program. Successfully completing an internship is also part of the degree requirements." ]

{ "is_selected": [ 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1, 0, 0, 0 ], "passage_text": [ "Every aspiring K-12 educator can enroll in a 4-year bachelor's degree program in education to become a teacher. Individuals who are interested in teaching in middle or secondary school typically also major in the subject that they wish to eventually teach, such as music, mathematics, history, biology or English. Most bachelor's degree programs in education also require students to complete some type of practical fieldwork, usually an internship, at a local school where they work directly under the supervision of a licensed teacher.", "To become an elementary art teacher, one needs to earn a bachelor's degree and licensure to teach. Elementary art teachers generally earn a degree in art education and take student-teacher training, consisting of both classes and teaching experience. Read on to learn more about the requirements to become an elementary art teacher. Education Requirements. To teach art at the elementary level, there are a number of degrees that one can earn. For example, some institutions offer a bachelor's program in art education, while others offer a Bachelor of Fine Arts in Art Education or a Master of Arts in Art Education.", "Art Teachers at colleges and universities usually need an MFA (Master of Fine Arts), another master's degree or a doctorate, depending on where they work. Public or private school (K-12) Art Teachers need a bachelor's degree in art or art education. ", "The path to becoming an art teacher can have several entry points. Some begin by earning a bachelor's in education, while others choose to earn a degree focused on the arts. Whichever path you choose, you must earn a minimum of a bachelor's degree, and in some cases, a master's degree may be necessary. At the high school level, many teachers opt for obtaining a bachelor's degree in the arts, augmented by classes in education. In both cases, the teaching and art classes can be taken simultaneously and incorporated into the degree program. Successfully completing an internship is also part of the degree requirements.", "Master's Degree. Some public schools, as well as many colleges and universities, require art teachers to have a master's degree. Even if a master's degree isn't required, some teachers choose to further their education to enhance their chances of career advancement. At the high school level, many teachers opt for obtaining a bachelor's degree in the arts, augmented by classes in education. In both cases, the teaching and art classes can be taken simultaneously and incorporated into the degree program. Successfully completing an internship is also part of the degree requirements.", "How to become an elementary, middle or high school art teacher: educational requirements. Ideally, to become an art teacher you would earn a degree in art education. However, not all schools that offer education degrees offer an art education degree, so you could double major in general education and art. Most student teachers spend one or two semesters in a K-12 art classroom, teaching under the direction of an experienced art teacher. Teaching art at an after-school program or a community center may require nothing more than a basic understanding of art and art techniques. To teach at an elementary school, most states require teaching candidates to have a bachelor’s degree in education and meet other stringent requirements as well.", "Teaching art at the elementary school level usually involves obtaining a bachelor's degree in elementary education, augmented by classes in the arts. At the high school level, many teachers opt for obtaining a bachelor's degree in the arts, augmented by classes in education. In both cases, the teaching and art classes can be taken simultaneously and incorporated into the degree program. Successfully completing an internship is also part of the degree requirements.", "You can also earn a bachelor's degree in art education. In addition to your bachelor's degree, you need to complete a teacher training program to meet your designated credits and complete a supervised teaching internship. Learn about the licensing and certification requirements to be a high school art teacher and the degrees that will qualify you to teach in a secondary school art program. Schools offering Teaching & Learning degrees can also be found in these popular choices.", "icecream17. Post 1. How to become an elementary art teacher is easy. You can actually get a bachelor's degree in art education, which is the degree in which you would actually have an internship and would receive practical on-the-job experience on becoming an art teacher. You can also get a BFA, which stands for bachelors of fine arts which is a pure art degree. ", "Some schools also offer a post-baccalaureate certificate program for students that already have bachelor's degrees but want to be certified as an art teacher. Earning a master's degree in art or art education provides you with a more in-depth study of art, various media, art history and the philosophy of art. Learn about the licensing and certification requirements to be a high school art teacher and the degrees that will qualify you to teach in a secondary school art program. Schools offering Teaching & Learning degrees can also be found in these popular choices." ], "url": [ "http://study.com/what_kind_of_degree_do_you_need_to_be_a_teacher.html", "http://learn.org/articles/What_is_Required_to_Be_an_Elementary_Art_Teacher.html", "http://educhoices.org/articles/Art_Teacher_Requirements_Education_and_Job_Training_Requirements_for_Becoming_an_Art_Teacher.html", "http://work.chron.com/degrees-need-art-teacher-11521.html", "http://work.chron.com/degrees-need-art-teacher-11521.html", "http://education.cu-portland.edu/blog/teaching-careers/art-teacher/", "http://work.chron.com/degrees-need-art-teacher-11521.html", "http://learn.org/articles/What_Are_the_Requirements_to_be_a_High_School_Art_Teacher.html", "http://www.wisegeek.org/how-do-i-become-an-art-teacher.htm", "http://learn.org/articles/What_Are_the_Requirements_to_be_a_High_School_Art_Teacher.html" ] }

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{ "is_selected": [ 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0 ], "passage_text": [ "These three layers, the endoderm, the ectoderm and the mesoderm, are called the primary germ layers. After gastrulation, the cup-like embryonic stage that contains at least two distinct germ layers is called the gastrula. As these epiblast cells proliferate, some of them migrate out of the epiblast to form the endoderm and then the mesoderm. The cells that remain in the epiblast form the ectoderm. Each of the three primary germ layers will form a different set of specific organs and tissue types in the animal.", "germ layer. endoderm and adjacent germ layers. n. Any of the three primary cellular layers, the ectoderm, endoderm, or mesoderm, into which most animal embryos differentiate and from which the organs and tissues of the body develop. ameloblastic layer the inner layer of cells of the enamel organ, which forms the enamel prisms of the teeth. abrasion layer a protective covering of gelatin enclosing an emulsion on x-ray film; called also overcoat.", "A keratinocyte is the predominant cell type in the epidermis, the outermost layer of the skin, constituting 90% of the cells found there. Those keratinocytes found in the basal layer (stratum basale) of the skin are sometimes referred to as basal cells or basal keratinocytes. ", "germ layer (germ cell layer) any of the three primary layers of cells formed in the early development of the embryo (ectoderm, entoderm, and mesoderm), from which the organs and tissues develop. ameloblastic layer the inner layer of cells of the enamel organ, which forms the enamel prisms of the teeth. abrasion layer a protective covering of gelatin enclosing an emulsion on x-ray film; called also overcoat.", "Gastrulation is the process that results in the formation of three distinct germ layers in the early embryo. In some animals that lay eggs, such as frogs, gastrulation is accomplished when the hollow blastula invaginates to form an inner layer of cells called the endoderm and an outer layer of cells called the ectoderm. As these epiblast cells proliferate, some of them migrate out of the epiblast to form the endoderm and then the mesoderm. The cells that remain in the epiblast form the ectoderm. Each of the three primary germ layers will form a different set of specific organs and tissue types in the animal.", "1 Nutrient molecules (the yolk) are denser and, due to gravity, accumulate in the lower half of the egg. 2 This is called the vegetal hemisphere. 3 To remember this relationship, think “yolk” and “vegetal” are both at the end of the alphabet. 4 The outermost layer of this cytoplasm (the cortex) is not pigmented. 1 The outermost layer of this cytoplasm (the cortex) is heavily pigmented. 2 Sperm always enter the frog egg in the animal hemisphere. 3 When this occurs the cortical cytoplasm (not all the cytoplasm) rotates toward the site of sperm entry.", "germ layer. any of the three primary layers of cells formed in the early development of the embryo (ectoderm, entoderm and mesoderm), from which the organs and tissues develop. germinative layer. any proliferative layer such as the basal layer of the epidermis or the lower layer of the claw, from which the claw grows. ameloblastic layer the inner layer of cells of the enamel organ, which forms the enamel prisms of the teeth. abrasion layer a protective covering of gelatin enclosing an emulsion on x-ray film; called also overcoat.", "1 The outermost layer of this cytoplasm (the cortex) is not pigmented. 2 The upper hemisphere is known as the animal hemisphere since this is where the nucleus and polar bodies are located. 3 The outermost layer of this cytoplasm (the cortex) is heavily pigmented. 4 Sperm always enter the frog egg in the animal hemisphere. 1 The outermost layer of this cytoplasm (the cortex) is heavily pigmented. 2 Sperm always enter the frog egg in the animal hemisphere. 3 When this occurs the cortical cytoplasm (not all the cytoplasm) rotates toward the site of sperm entry.", "Abstract. In this essay, the role of the neural crest in the development of the vertebrate embryo is briefly described. The techniques used to document the neural crest origin of various cell types and the tumors arising from them are discussed, with emphasis on Le Douarin's quail-chick chimera model.", "The ectoderm is an external layer of germ embryo. In this form, it is in its beginning stages before developing into tissue that covers the body. It is one of the three primary germinal layers, the other layers being the mesoderm and the endoderm. The ectoderm develops the nervous system, external sensory organs as well as the hair and skin glands. The ectoderm itself consists of three separate parts: surface ectoderm, neural ectoderm and neural crest. These cells also assist in the development of parts of the skeletal system, autonomic nervous system and hormone producing cells. This part of the ectoderm is located between the epidermis and neural tube." ], "url": [ "http://study.com/academy/lesson/gastrulation-and-the-3-germ-layers-ectoderm-endoderm-mesoderm.html", "http://medical-dictionary.thefreedictionary.com/germ+layer", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Keratinocyte", "http://medical-dictionary.thefreedictionary.com/germ+layer", "http://study.com/academy/lesson/gastrulation-and-the-3-germ-layers-ectoderm-endoderm-mesoderm.html", "http://www.hammiverse.com/lectures/47/2.html", "http://medical-dictionary.thefreedictionary.com/germ+layer", "http://www.hammiverse.com/lectures/47/2.html", "http://www.nature.com/modpathol/journal/v24/n2s/full/modpathol2010166a.html", "http://www.wisegeek.com/what-is-the-ectoderm.htm" ] }

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[ "5-6 minutes" ]

{ "is_selected": [ 0, 0, 0, 1, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0 ], "passage_text": [ "Oven-Baked Potatoes. See what to do: How To Bake a Potato in the Oven. Preheat the oven to 425°F. Rub the potatoes with olive oil, sprinkle them with salt and pepper, and prick them with the tines of a fork. You can lay them directly on the oven rack or place them on a baking sheet. 2. Rub the potatoes with olive oil, sprinkle them with salt and pepper, and prick them with the tines of a fork. Place all the potatoes on a microwave-safe dish and microwave at full power for five minutes. Turn them over and microwave for another three to", "1 For example, if one large potato takes 10 minutes to cook, two large potatoes would take between 16-17 minutes. 2 If you prefer crispy skinned potatoes, you can cook the potatoes in the microwave for 5-6 minutes, then transfer to a baking sheet and bake in an oven preheated to 400 °F (204 °C) for 20 minutes. 6. Put the plate in the microwave and choose a cooking time. Cooking times will vary depending on the size of the potato and the power of the microwave. Most medium to large potatoes will take between 8-12 minutes to cook at full power.", "Prick the potato with a fork. This allows steam to escape and prevents the potato from exploding in the microwave. You should aim to prick the potato three or four times on each area: top, bottom, and two sides. Alternatively, you can cut a deep X onto the top of the potato, using a knife. 6. Put the plate in the microwave and choose a cooking time. Cooking times will vary depending on the size of the potato and the power of the microwave. Most medium to large potatoes will take between 8-12 minutes to cook at full power.", "1 If you prefer crispy skinned potatoes, you can cook the potatoes in the microwave for 5-6 minutes, then transfer to a baking sheet and bake in an oven preheated to 400 °F (204 °C) for 20 minutes. 6. Put the plate in the microwave and choose a cooking time. Cooking times will vary depending on the size of the potato and the power of the microwave. Most medium to large potatoes will take between 8-12 minutes to cook at full power.", "1 Some microwaves have a baked potato button; use that when in doubt. 2 If you are in a rush, you can cut open the potato immediately after the microwave stops, add your toppings (or not), and then do the final cooking in the microwave by microwaving another 30 to 60 seconds. 6. Put the plate in the microwave and choose a cooking time. Cooking times will vary depending on the size of the potato and the power of the microwave. Most medium to large potatoes will take between 8-12 minutes to cook at full power.", "If your microwave doesn’t have a potato button, a general rule is that one 7-to-8 ounce Idaho potato takes about 7 minutes to cook. 2 will take about 11 minutes. The microwave will often say REST. That means the potato, not you! You need to just let it sit for a couple of minutes, for it to actually finish cooking. Here’s how to cook a potato in the microwave oven. First, wash the potato under running water (no soap!). You can scrub it with a vegetable brush or just rub it with your hands. Then pat it dry with a paper towel. Puncture about four holes in the potato, with the tip of a sharp knife or a fork.", "I wash the potatoes, poke the holes with a fork, microwave for 4 minutes with a 1,000 watt microwave, then carefully put the potatoes in aluminum foil and wrap them up and allow them to continue steaming in the foil for 5 minutes. Here’s how to cook a potato in the microwave oven. First, wash the potato under running water (no soap!). You can scrub it with a vegetable brush or just rub it with your hands. Then pat it dry with a paper towel. Puncture about four holes in the potato, with the tip of a sharp knife or a fork.", "This allows steam to escape during baking for a dryer, fluffier tater. Place on a microwave-safe plate and cook on high power for three to four minutes per potato. If you are making four potatoes, heat no longer than 12 minutes. Remove the hot baked potatoes using an oven mitt. Slice lengthwise at the top of the potato and fluff with a fork before adding your favorite toppings. ", "1 Bake the potatoes: You can bake the potatoes directly on the oven rack, or you can place them a few inches apart on a foil-lined baking sheet. 2 Bake the potatoes for 50 to 60 minutes. 3 Flip them over every 20 minutes or so and check them for doneness by piercing them with a fork. 1 This allows steam to escape from the baking potato. 2 Bake the potatoes: You can bake the potatoes directly on the oven rack, or you can place them a few inches apart on a foil-lined baking sheet. 3" ], "url": [ "http://www.thekitchn.com/how-to-bake-a-potato-three-easy-methods-157073", "http://www.wikihow.com/Bake-a-Potato-in-the-Microwave", "http://www.wikihow.com/Bake-a-Potato-in-the-Microwave", "http://www.wikihow.com/Bake-a-Potato-in-the-Microwave", "http://www.wikihow.com/Bake-a-Potato-in-the-Microwave", "http://startcooking.com/how-to-cook-potatoes-in-a-microwave", "http://startcooking.com/how-to-cook-potatoes-in-a-microwave", "http://www.tablespoon.com/posts/how-to-make-potatoes-in-the-microwave/37ef1c96-5cd1-420c-baba-efe9fd60f4a0", "http://www.thekitchn.com/how-to-bake-a-potato-in-the-oven-165615" ] }

[]

[ "$69,790" ]

{ "is_selected": [ 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1, 0 ], "passage_text": [ "College Degree Finder. When contemplating a career in nursing, one of the factors that should be considered is that of a nurse’s salary and benefits. According to the Bureau of Labor Statistics, the median annual wage for a registered nurse in 2013 was approximately $65,470. A Labor and delivery nurse’s salary can span a wide range, making it a bit more difficult to pinpoint just how much Labor and Delivery nurses make. On average, their salaries are set anywhere from $40,000 to 90,000 per year depending on experience, education, employer and location.", "According to the Bureau of Labor Statistics lastest data, the average salary of a registered nurse in the United States is $69,790. The average hourly wage of a registered nurse is $33.55. Keep in mind that these are only averages, and that a registered nurse may make more or less than these amounts based on location, experience, and other factors. In addition, the starting salaries for an RN may be much less than the average salary.", "The average salary for a RN working for an outpatient care center is $72,390 or $34.80 an hour. In local, private, and state hospitals, the average annual salary is roughly $71,640 ($34.44 per hour). Home health service RN’s earn an estimated $67,880 ($32.64 hourly). For nursing and residential care facilities, the average annually salary is around $62,440 or $28.28 per hour. Finally, in offices of physicians, a RN can earn an average of $58,420 ($30.02 per hour). In 2014, the top paying state for a registered nurse was California with an average annual salary of $98,440 ($47.31 an hour).", "In the United States the average annual salary for a Registered Nurse is currently $67,930 which breaks down as an average of $32.66 per hour, $1,306 per week and a monthly salary of $5,660. ", "The starting salary of a Registered Nurse can range from around $28,000-$50,000 per year on average. The starting hourly wage of an RN can range from $16.50-26.00 per hour. This salary will increase over time, as nurses gain experience, certifications, and specialize in a specific area. Registered nurses can also advance their career to managment postions, in addition to regular raises offered by employers. The average hourly wage of a registered nurse is $33.55. Keep in mind that these are only averages, and that a registered nurse may make more or less than these amounts based on location, experience, and other factors. In addition, the starting salaries for an RN may be much less than the average salary.", "$67,930. In 2013, registered nurses made an average salary of $68,910, which is pretty good pay compared with some of the other health care professions on this year’s Best Jobs list. The highest-paid RN positions are clustered in California, including the metropolitan areas of San Francisco, San Jose and Vallejo. In 2013, registered nurses made an average salary of $68,910, which is pretty good pay compared with some of the other health care professions on this year’s Best Jobs list.", "Remember this was back in 2003. According to PayScale.com, the average nurse salary today is somewhere between $38,000 and $78,000 per year ($20- $37 per hour with $26 being the average). There can be huge differences in pay from place to place. There are several things that will affect this base rate of pay in your nurse salary. Some of these are:", "Registered Nurse Salary. As stated on the bls.gov website, the median average wage for a RN (Registered Nurse) was around $69,790 or about $33.55 as an hourly rate in 2014. The lowest paid 10% of employed RN’s made less than $45,880 ($22.06 per hour), and the upper 10% percent made more than $98,880 ($47.54 per hour). Finally, in offices of physicians, a RN can earn an average of $58,420 ($30.02 per hour). In 2014, the top paying state for a registered nurse was California with an average annual salary of $98,440 ($47.31 an hour).", "Nurses with 10 to 19 years of neonatal nursing experience earn high annual salaries, averaging between $80,901 and $104,313 per year. The most experienced neonatal nurse practitioners, 20 or more years of work experience, on average earn more than $111,000 per year. A Labor and delivery nurse’s salary can span a wide range, making it a bit more difficult to pinpoint just how much Labor and Delivery nurses make. On average, their salaries are set anywhere from $40,000 to 90,000 per year depending on experience, education, employer and location." ], "url": [ "http://www.collegeatlas.org/nurse-salaries.html", "http://www.registerednursern.com/registered-nurse-rn-salary-pay-wages-and-income-of-registered-nurses/", "http://www.hospitaljobsinc.com/how-much-does-a-registered-nurse-make/", "http://nursesalaryguide.net/registered-nurse-rn-salary/", "http://www.registerednursern.com/registered-nurse-rn-salary-pay-wages-and-income-of-registered-nurses/", "http://money.usnews.com/careers/best-jobs/registered-nurse/salary", "http://www.become-a-nurse-now.com/nurse-salary.html", "http://www.hospitaljobsinc.com/how-much-does-a-registered-nurse-make/", "http://www.collegeatlas.org/nurse-salaries.html" ] }

[]

[ "A culture, is the set of customs, traditions and values of a society or community, such as an ethnic group or nation.Aspects of human behavior, such as language, social practices such as kinship, gender and marriage, expressive forms such as art, music, dance, ritual, religion, and technologies such as cooking, shelter, clothing are said to be cultural universals, found in all human societies." ]

{ "is_selected": [ 1, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0 ], "passage_text": [ "When used as a count noun a culture, is the set of customs, traditions and values of a society or community, such as an ethnic group or nation. Some aspects of human behavior, such as language, social practices such as kinship, gender and marriage, expressive forms such as art, music, dance, ritual, religion, and technologies such as cooking, shelter, clothing are said to be cultural universals, found in all human societies.", "Cambridge English Dictionary states that culture is, the way of life, especially the general customs and beliefs, of a particular group of people at a particular time.. Some aspects of human behavior, such as language, social practices such as kinship, gender and marriage, expressive forms such as art, music, dance, ritual, religion, and technologies such as cooking, shelter, clothing are said to be cultural universals, found in all human societies.", "a. The arts, beliefs, customs, institutions, and other products of human work and thought considered as a unit, especially with regard to a particular time or social group: Edwardian culture; Japanese culture. These arts, beliefs, and other products considered with respect to a particular subject or mode of expression: musical culture; oral culture. c. The set of predominating attitudes and behavior that characterize a group or organization: a manager who changed the corporate culture.", "According to Needle (2004), organizational culture represents the collective values, beliefs and principles of organizational members and is a product of such factors as history, product, market, technology, and strategy, type of employees, management style, and national culture. Rituals, the collective interpersonal behavior and values as demonstrated by that behavior, constitute the fabric of an organization's culture The contents of myths, stories, and sagas reveal the history of an organization and influence how people understand what their organization values and believes.", "In the humanities, one sense of culture, as an attribute of the individual, has been the degree to which they have cultivated a particular level of sophistication, in the arts, sciences, education, or manners. Some aspects of human behavior, such as language, social practices such as kinship, gender and marriage, expressive forms such as art, music, dance, ritual, religion, and technologies such as cooking, shelter, clothing are said to be cultural universals, found in all human societies.", "Culture is the characteristics and knowledge of a particular group of people, defined by everything from language, religion, cuisine, social habits, music and arts. Thus, it can be seen as the growth of a group identity fostered by social patterns unique to the group. The word culture derives from a French term, which in turn derives from the Latin colere, which means to tend to the earth and grow, or cultivation and nurture.", "The sociology of culture is an older concept, and considers some topics and objects as more-or-less cultural than others. While, cultural sociology sees all, or most, social phenomena as inherently cultural at some level. In an anthropological sense, culture is society based on the values and ideas without influence of the material world (Radcliffe-Brown). The cultural system is the cognitive and symbolic matrix for the central values system (Talcott Parsons).", "Culture (/ˈkʌltʃər/) is, in the words of E.B. Tylor, that complex whole which includes knowledge, belief, art, morals, law, custom and any other capabilities and habits acquired by man as a member of society.. Some aspects of human behavior, such as language, social practices such as kinship, gender and marriage, expressive forms such as art, music, dance, ritual, religion, and technologies such as cooking, shelter, clothing are said to be cultural universals, found in all human societies.", "Using Kennedy and Deal's definition of culture ('the way things are done around here'), Rosauer further defined culture as an ' emergence ' – an extremely complex and often immeasurable state, resulting the combination of relatively few ingredients. Rituals, the collective interpersonal behavior and values as demonstrated by that behavior, constitute the fabric of an organization's culture The contents of myths, stories, and sagas reveal the history of an organization and influence how people understand what their organization values and believes.", "Sociology of culture. The sociology of culture and, the related, cultural sociology concerns the systematic analysis of culture, usually understood as the ensemble of symbolic codes used by a members of a society, as it is manifested in the society. In an anthropological sense, culture is society based on the values and ideas without influence of the material world (Radcliffe-Brown). The cultural system is the cognitive and symbolic matrix for the central values system (Talcott Parsons)." ], "url": [ "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Culture", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Culture", "http://www.thefreedictionary.com/culture", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Organizational_culture", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Culture", "http://www.livescience.com/21478-what-is-culture-definition-of-culture.html", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sociology_of_culture", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Culture", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Organizational_culture", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sociology_of_culture" ] }

[]

[ "No" ]

{ "is_selected": [ 0, 0, 0, 1, 0, 0, 0 ], "passage_text": [ "The amount that your insurance will go up after one accident can vary significantly from one insurance company to the next. Some companies put more weight in this factor than others do. The Insurance Services Office recommends increasing a premium somewhere between 20 percent and 40 percent after a wreck.", "Filing one claim will not spike your premium. Now, your premium may go up in the subsequent year, but do not put two and two together. Insurance companies are more concerned with the amount of claims you have filed in a given period. If you make three claims in one year, they will most likely drop your policy altogether, not raise your individual premium.", "You may be reluctant to file a claim because you fear that your premium will go up or your insurance will be canceled. Practices vary from company to company. In general, an insurer will increase your premium by specific percentages for each chargeable claim made against your policy above a specific dollar amount.", "Once the dust (and the claim) settles after a car accident, you may wonder how it'll affect your car insurance rate. Every situation is unique, but we'll give you a better understanding of when and why your premium may or may not go up.", "The answer is that filing a claim will NOT cause your homeowner’s premium to increase. Contrary to what many people believe, they associate having one claim filed with their rates going up. The fact is that claims don’t dictate the premium with regards to homeowner’s insurance.", "In Minnesota and Connecticut, premiums can increase a whopping 21 percent after a homeowner's first insurance claim. In contrast, Texans don't pay more at all for their homeowner's insurance premiums after their first claim, according to this analysis.", "Sometimes, even if you haven’t had an accident or filed a claim, your insurance premiums may go up. Here you'll find reasons your premiumsmay change and suggestions for what you can do about it. Talk to your Allstate Agent about specific ways you can lower your insurance costs." ], "url": [ "http://www.ehow.com/info_8323964_much-go-up-make-claim.html", "http://www.moneycrashers.com/filing-a-claim-on-your-homeowners-insurance-will-not-increase-your-premium/", "http://www.iii.org/article/if-i-file-claim-will-my-premium-go", "https://www.esurance.com/info/car/how-accidents-affect-your-car-insurance-rate", "http://www.moneycrashers.com/filing-a-claim-on-your-homeowners-insurance-will-not-increase-your-premium/", "http://abcnews.go.com/Business/making-homeowners-insurance-claim-lead-higher-premiums/story?id=20443234", "https://www.allstate.com/resources/allstate/attachments/claims/my-premium-changed.pdf" ] }

[]

[ "2 to 5 days" ]

{ "is_selected": [ 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1 ], "passage_text": [ "Incubation period. The strep throat incubation period can vary from person to person. Usually the incubation period lasts between one to five days, meaning that a person who was exposed to the strep bacteria can manifest symptoms after one, two, three, four or five days. Most people develop the illness three days after contact. It is the cause of 5-15% sore throats in adults and 37% of sore throats in children. This highly contagious infection is spread through contact with an infected person or object, even in the strep throat incubation period.", "Strep throat can have an incubation period that lasts between two to five days. This means a person who is exposed to the bacterium that cause this illness may develop the illness two, three, four, or five days after his exposure. In most cases, however, the incubation period for strep throat lasts for about three days. People who have been infected with the bacteria that cause strep throat are contagious until they have received antibiotic treatment for 24 hour", "Understanding Strep Throat -- Treatment. In the past, when people had signs of strep -- the red, raw throat, spikes in fever, and white spots on the tongue and tonsils -- doctors would culture a specimen from the patient's throat and wait 24 hours to 48 hours for the results. If the test indicated streptococcus, the patient could then start taking antibiotics. ", "Once the two-to five-day incubation period for strep throat ends, a person may develop the symptoms of strep throat. These include pain in the throat, problems swallowing, and reddened tonsils. A person with this condition may also develop red spots on the roof of his mouth, a rash, and a fever. This means a person who is exposed to the bacterium that cause this illness may develop the illness two, three, four, or five days after his exposure. In most cases, however, the incubation period for strep throat lasts for about three days.", "After the strep throat incubation period, a person may develop mild or severe symptoms. Those who do not experience any of the symptoms described above after infection are called carriers. After 24 hours of treatment, a person is no longer contagious and will begin to feel better. It is the cause of 5-15% sore throats in adults and 37% of sore throats in children. This highly contagious infection is spread through contact with an infected person or object, even in the strep throat incubation period.", "Incubation Period for Strep Throat. After a person has been infected with the bacteria (group A streptococcus) that cause strep throat, they do not immediately have any signs or symptoms of strep throat. On average, it takes about two to four days for symptoms to start. This period between transmission and the beginning of symptoms is called the strep throat incubation period.. This throat infection is typically spread through contact with infected throat mucus, nasal discharge, or saliva", "Other symptoms include: headache, nausea and vomiting, abdominal pain, muscle pain, or a scarlatiniform rash or palatal petechiae, the latter being an uncommon but highly specific finding. The incubation period and thus the start of symptoms for strep throat is between one to three days post contact. Strep throat is unlikely when any of the symptoms of red eyes, hoarseness, runny nose, or mouth ulcers are present. It is also unlikely when there is no fever. Common symptoms include fever, sore throat, and enlarged lymph nodes. It is the cause of 15–40% of sore throats among children and 5–15% in adults. Strep throat is a contagious infection, spread through close contact with an infected individual. A definitive diagnosis is made based on the results of a throat culture.", "1 Close contact with strep: the child lives in a home where a sibling, parent or other household member has a throat culture or rapid-strep test that is positive for strep throat. 2 Usually the contact is within the previous 7 days (reason: incubation period for strep is 2 to 5 days). Symptom Definition. 1 " ], "url": [ "http://www.strepthroatsecrets.com/strep-throat-incubation-period/", "http://www.wisegeekhealth.com/what-is-the-incubation-period-for-strep-throat.htm", "http://www.webmd.com/oral-health/understanding-strep-throat-treatment", "http://www.wisegeekhealth.com/what-is-the-incubation-period-for-strep-throat.htm", "http://www.strepthroatsecrets.com/strep-throat-incubation-period/", "http://kids.emedtv.com/strep-throat/incubation-period-for-strep-throat.html", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Streptococcal_pharyngitis", "http://www.bannerhealth.com/IncFiles/housecalls/peds/MouthTeethThroatSymptoms/StrepExposure.htm" ] }

[]

[ "Agreeableness is one of the five personality traits of the Big Five personality theory." ]

{ "is_selected": [ 0, 0, 0, 0, 1, 1, 0 ], "passage_text": [ "Agreeableness is a personality trait manifesting itself in individual behavioral characteristics that are perceived as kind, sympathetic, cooperative, warm and considerate.", "The definition of agreeableness in the context of personality psychology is used to describe the degree to which person is kind, how dependable, he or she is, and can also describe how cooperative he or she is in certain situations.", "Person high in agreeableness is friendly and helpful. Social harmony is an important goal for individuals that score high on agreeableness in a career test. Agreeable individuals find it important to get along with others. They are willing to put aside their interests for other people. These individuals are helpful, friendly, considerate, and generous.", "Agreeableness is considered to be a superordinate trait, meaning that it is a grouping of personality sub-traits that cluster together statistically. The lower-level traits, or facets, grouped under agreeableness are: trust, straightforwardness, altruism, compliance, modesty, and tender-mindedness.", "Agreeableness is one of the five personality traits of the Big Five personality theory. A person with a high level of agreeableness in a personality test is usually warm, friendly, and tactful. They generally have an optimistic view of human nature and get along well with others.", "Google+. Agreeableness is one of the five personality traits of the Big Five personality theory. A person with a high level of agreeableness in a personality test is usually warm, friendly, and tactful. They generally have an optimistic view of human nature and get along well with others.", "Agreeableness is a personality trait in which there is tendency to be pleasant and accommodating in social situations. In contemporary personality psychology, agreeableness is one of the five major dimensions of personality structure, reflecting individual differences in concern for cooperation and social harmony." ], "url": [ "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Agreeableness", "http://study.com/academy/lesson/agreeableness-in-personality-definition-lesson-quiz.html", "https://www.123test.com/personality-agreeableness/", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Agreeableness", "https://www.123test.com/personality-agreeableness/", "https://www.123test.com/personality-agreeableness/", "http://psychology.wikia.com/wiki/Agreeableness" ] }

[]

[ "99.40" ]

{ "is_selected": [ 0, 0, 0, 0, 1, 0, 0 ], "passage_text": [ "1 The cost of living in Las Vegas is 6.8 % greater than the national average. 2 Each cost of living index is based on a national average of 100. 3 If the amount is below 100, it is lower than the national average. 4 If the amount is above 100, it is higher than the national average. 1 The cost of living in Las Vegas is 0.6 % less than the Nevada average. 2 The cost of living in Las Vegas is 6.8 % greater than the national average. 3 Each cost of living index is based on a national average of 100. 4 If the amount is below 100, it is low", "Nevada Cost of Living-Las Vegas. Compare average wages and the cost of living index for Las Vegas, Nevada with cities in Nevada or other states. Select one of the cost comparison and wage adjustment tools below. Compare the cost of living and salaries for Las Vegas, Nevada, when relocating to or from another city. Temporary Relocation Guide. Consider a cost of living allowance for business travel or other temporary relocation to Las Vegas, Nevada.", "The cost of living in Las Vegas doesn’t beat that of the number one least expensive U.S. city: Harlingen, Texas. Making your home there requires roughly 23% less than Las Vegas for housing and groceries, according to our calculator. Chicago and Miami didn’t quite make Top 10 status but both come out at a higher cost of living when compared with Las Vegas. Phoenix and Dallas are close cousins with Las Vegas, hovering right around the national average mark, while Anchorage is significantly higher at 32% more.", "When it comes to the cost of living in Nevada for a household of four, you can expect to pay around $550 on food and drink a month and over $250 on travel—which isn’t surprising, seeing at the average commute time in the state is 23.3 minutes. Overall, the average cost of living in Nevada is 6.91 percent higher than the US average. And with an unemployment rate of 12.6 percent, it’s clear that you absolutely need a reliable source of income before relocating to this state.", "COST OF LIVING OVERVIEW. Our cost of living indices are based on a US average of 100. An amount below 100 means Las Vegas, Nevada is cheaper than the US average. A cost of living index above 100 means Las Vegas, Nevada is more expensive. Overall, Las Vegas, Nevada cost of living is 99.40. ", "Las Vegas Assisted Living. There are 18 Assisted Living Facilities in Las Vegas, NV and 5 Assisted Living Facilities nearby. The average cost of Assisted Living in Las Vegas, NV is $2,925 per month. The median cost of Assisted Living in Las Vegas for a single-occupancy apartment is $2,925/month (Genworth - 2013). This monthly cost typically includes rent, utilities, dining, housekeeping and transportation.", "Las Vegas Average Food Costs. Food costs in Las Vegas hover around the national average. A gallon of milk costs $3.41, and you can get a dozen large eggs for $2.35. A loaf of bread costs $2.26, and $4 can buy you a pound of boneless, skinless chicken breasts. Las Vegas Average Rent. As of May 2015, the average apartment in Las Vegas rents for $1,135 per month. One-bedroom units rent, on average, for $819, while two-bedroom rentals average $1,028 per month." ], "url": [ "http://www.areavibes.com/las+vegas-nv/cost-of-living/", "http://swz.salary.com/CostOfLivingWizard/layouthtmls/coll_metrodetail_89.html", "http://blog.coldwellbanker.com/cost-of-living-in-las-vegas-beats-other-major-u-s-cities/", "http://www.mymove.com/guide/moving-to-nevada/cost-of-living.html", "http://www.bestplaces.net/cost_of_living/city/nevada/las_vegas", "http://www.seniorhomes.com/c/nv/las-vegas/assisted-living/", "http://www.investopedia.com/articles/personal-finance/090915/how-much-money-do-you-need-live-las-vegas.asp" ] }

[]

[ "$170 to $250" ]

{ "is_selected": [ 0, 0, 0, 1, 0, 0, 0, 0 ], "passage_text": [ "Depends how much eggs cost where you live. You'll need about 100 egg cartons to cover a room. Let's say a carton of eggs is $1, you'll need about $150. Don't ask be about the math there, I think that my Windows calculator is on the fritz.", "To understand how to soundproof a room, it is first necessary to understand a little about sound.. Sound is composed of waves that travel through a medium. Some mediums, or materials, are more resistant to sound than others.", "If you build a room in a room, decouple the walls, and build a new ceiling, I don't see why it has to cost more than 4-5K. That's including 5/8 sheet rock, lumber, insulation, paint, doors, everything. I just did that, but I only built single studded walls, not a double wall.", "Cost of Soundproofing One Room. The cost to soundproof one room generally includes $170 to $250 for new materials, $190 to $300 for professional labor and $20 to $36 in tools needed to complete the job, though the prices will be higher for larger rooms and more complicated projects.", "1 Soundproof Curtains: If the stray sound is coming from the windows, soundproof curtains are a great way to keep it out. 2 Blanket Insulation: A product that is commonly used in home construction, blanket insulation can also be used to help prevent sound from leaking through the walls.", "Mitch Zlotnik, President of Audimute Soundproofing highlights how to soundproof a room using Audimute Sound Absorption Sheets in home recording studios, garage band practice space, music rooms, etc. http://www.audimutesoundproofing.com/...", "Hey just wondering a rough estimate to soundproofing a 10 by 15 ft room with 9ft ceilings.", "For example, the homeowner converting a large living area into a home theater will usually hire a contractor to enhance exterior walls with framing, a bottom plate, and alternating studs that provide an excellent sound barrier. This is something that would cost $40 to $50 per hour in labor expenses alone." ], "url": [ "https://uk.answers.yahoo.com/question/index?qid=20090311105259AAMJKt7", "https://uk.answers.yahoo.com/question/index?qid=20090311105259AAMJKt7", "http://homerecording.com/bbs/general-discussions/studio-building-and-acoustic-treatment/how-much-would-cost-soundproof-10-15-foot-room-256007/", "http://www.homeadvisor.com/cost/walls-and-ceilings/soundproof-a-room/", "http://www.homeadvisor.com/cost/walls-and-ceilings/soundproof-a-room/", "http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=X2ixs66tCds", "http://homerecording.com/bbs/general-discussions/studio-building-and-acoustic-treatment/how-much-would-cost-soundproof-10-15-foot-room-256007/", "http://www.fixr.com/costs/soundproof-room" ] }

[]

[ "From the forest." ]

{ "is_selected": [ 0, 1, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0 ], "passage_text": [ "Sylvia is derived from an Old Roman family name Silvius from the early Latin “silva” meaning “wood, forest”. Three things make the female name Sylvia/Silvia notable. For one, Rhea Silvia was the mythical mother of the twins Romulus and Remus, legendary founders of Rome in the 8th century B.C. ", "Latin Meaning: The name Sylvie is a Latin baby name. In Latin the meaning of the name Sylvie is: From the forest. English Meaning: The name Sylvie is an English baby name. In English the meaning of the name Sylvie is: Sylvia, meaning from the forest. SoulUrge Number: 5. Expression Number: 11. People with this name have a deep inner desire for travel and adventure, and want to set their own pace in life without being governed by tradition", "Latin Meaning: The name Sylvia is a Latin baby name. In Latin the meaning of the name Sylvia is: From the forest. American Meaning: The name Sylvia is an American baby name. In American the meaning of the name Sylvia is: From the forest. SoulUrge Number: 1. Expression Number: 7", "Although Sylvia seems to be having somewhat of a revival among trendsetting babynamers, we'd still opt for the even gentler and more unusual Sylvie. Jason Bateman chose it as the middle name of his daughter Maple. ", "Meaning of Sylvie. French name. In French, the name Sylvie means-from the forest. Other origins for the name Sylvie include-French, English.The name Sylvie is most often used as a girl name or female name. French Name Meaning-from the forest.", "Meaning of Sylvie. English name. In English, the name Sylvie means-Variant of Latin Sylvia, meaning from the forest.. Other origins for the name Sylvie include-English, French.The name Sylvie is most often used as a girl name or female name. English Name Meaning-Variant of Latin Sylvia, meaning from the forest.", "Origin of the name Sylvie: Derived from the Latin Silvia, a feminine form of Silvius, which is derived from silva (wood). From A World of Baby Names by Teresa Norman. ", "Sylvie /syl-vie/ [2 sylls.] as a name for girls. Sylvie's name origin is Latin, and the name Sylvie means woods, forest. Sylvie is a variant transcription of Silvia (Latin): form of Sylvia. Solvie is a common surname. Sylvie is a somewhat popular first name for women (#3193 out of 4276, Top 75%) but a unique surname for both adults and children. (2000 U.S. Census). Displayed below is a comparison of the usage of Sylvie and affiliated names" ], "url": [ "http://www.ohbabynames.com/meaning/name/sylvia/729", "http://www.sheknows.com/baby-names/name/sylvie", "http://www.sheknows.com/baby-names/name/sylvia", "http://nameberry.com/babyname/Sylvie", "http://www.meaning-of-names.com/french-names/sylvie.asp", "http://www.meaning-of-names.com/english-names/sylvie.asp", "http://www.babynamewizard.com/baby-name/girl/sylvie", "http://www.thinkbabynames.com/meaning/0/Sylvie" ] }

[]

[ "$60 and $125" ]

{ "is_selected": [ 0, 0, 1, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0 ], "passage_text": [ "At minimum, you will need to spend $800 to $1,000 to hire an architect to review and approve blueprints and other construction documents if you need a licensed architect’s approval for a building permit or bank financing. Architects usually charge $100 to $150 per hour, and $80 to $100 for work done by a CAD technician. Administration is usually five percent of the budget, so plan on paying $1,500 for a $30,000 project. Most architects who charge on a percentage basis will charge eight to 15 percent of the total cost of the project, so you can plan on spending $800 to $1,500 for every $10,000 worth of work you want done.", "Average CAD Service Costs. A typical drafting company will charge $100 to $120 per hour. Architects charge slightly more, averaging around $130 per hour. A typical A0 drawing of one type of a house will take about 8 hours to complete, which would cost between $800 and $1,040. Larger structures, such as a municipal building or an office complex, may take up to 24 hours to complete. ", "If you hire an architect on a hourly basis, they might charge you between $60 and $125 per hour for their services, though it can vary. Charging by the hour is beneficial to the architect as some homeowners can find themselves constantly making changes to the design. 1 Project Manager : $95. 2 They usually have more than 10 years of experience and are usually responsible for a number of projects or teams, including client contact, budgeting, and scheduling. 3 Intern Architect II : $80. 6 to 8 years of experience, they handle the daily design or technical developments on a project.", "Architect Costs. The amount of money that you spend on an architect can vary greatly, depending on the size of your project, what you want the architect to do and the individual architect’s fee structure. An architect may charge by the hour, by the square foot or a percentage of the total cost of the project. Administration is usually five percent of the budget, so plan on paying $1,500 for a $30,000 project. Most architects who charge on a percentage basis will charge eight to 15 percent of the total cost of the project, so you can plan on spending $800 to $1,500 for every $10,000 worth of work you want done.", "The answer is...it depends. We had one architect who wanted to charge 10% of the finished cost (projected to about $70K). When we balked, he agreed to do a \\concept design\\ (i.e., pretty pictures, no detail, and no engineering) for $10K, with the rest of his time on a per/hour basis if we liked the design. The architect we ended up going with cost about $23K for everything.", "1 Fees can also be based on 5 to 15 percent of a project's construction expenses. 2 Designing a 25x25-foot room addition that costs $165,000-$200,000 to build could generate an architect's bill of $8,250-$30,000; using this pricing method, the fee for a $750,000 custom-built new home could be $37,500-$112,500. 1 Hourly charges may start at $50-$150 but can go up depending on the type of work (from creating drawings to inspecting a construction site), location, and the architect's training, experience and reputation. 2 Fees can also be based on 5 to 15 percent of a project's construction expenses", "1 A negotiated flat fee can be as low as $700-$1,000 for up to a specified number of hours spent creating a concept design. 2 Or an architect might agree to design a 25x25-foot room addition for $5,000-$10,000, or a 3,000-square-foot custom home for $50,000-$75,000 or more, no matter what the final construction price is. 1 Hourly charges may start at $50-$150 but can go up depending on the type of work (from creating drawings to inspecting a construction site), location, and the architect's training, experience and reputation. 2 Fees can also be based on 5 to 15 percent of a project's construction expense", "Even $100/hour is high...that translates to $200,000 per year, which is way above average. Now, that is how much an architect might MAKE in per hour. If you mean how much does an architect CHARGE FOR an hour, then the $100-$150 is realistic. Overhead and liability insurance is high, so architects charge 2x-3x what they make. ", "1 Architect's fees depend a great deal on the project and the location, and can vary in both amount and type: 2 Hourly charges may start at $50-$150 but can go up depending on the type of work (from creating drawings to inspecting a construction site), location, and the architect's training, experience and reputation. 1 Hourly charges may start at $50-$150 but can go up depending on the type of work (from creating drawings to inspecting a construction site), location, and the architect's training, experience and reputation. 2 Fees can also be based on 5 to 15 percent of a project's construction expenses" ], "url": [ "http://www.improvenet.com/r/costs-and-prices/architect-cost-estimator", "http://www.costowl.com/home-improvement/architect-engineer-drafting-services-cost.html", "http://www.homeadvisor.com/cost/architects-and-engineers/hire-an-architect/", "http://www.improvenet.com/r/costs-and-prices/architect-cost-estimator", "http://www.zillow.com/advice-thread/How-much-does-an-Architect-usually-costs-per-hr-or-per-project/189920/", "http://home.costhelper.com/architects.html", "http://home.costhelper.com/architects.html", "http://www.answers.com/Q/How_much_money_do_architects_make_an_hour", "http://home.costhelper.com/architects.html" ] }

[]

[ "Northeastern Arizona, US" ]

{ "is_selected": [ 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1, 0 ], "passage_text": [ "The Hopi are descended from the Ancient Pueblo Peoples (Hopi: Hisatsinom or Navajo: Anasazi) who constructed large apartment-house complexes in northeastern Arizona, northwestern New Mexico, and southwestern Colorado. The Hopi reservation was originally a rectangle 55 by 70 miles (110 km), in the middle of the Navajo Reservation, with their village lands taking about half of the land. The reservation prevented encroachment by white settlers, but it did not protect the Hopis against the Navajos.", "When first encountered by the Spanish in the 16th century, the Hopi and the surrounding cultures were referred to as Pueblo people, because they lived in villages (pueblos in the Spanish language). The Hopi reservation was originally a rectangle 55 by 70 miles (110 km), in the middle of the Navajo Reservation, with their village lands taking about half of the land. The reservation prevented encroachment by white settlers, but it did not protect the Hopis against the Navajos.", "The Hopi Indians came to the west in about 500 A.D. Many historians say they were the first Native Americans to make the United States their home. They are descendents of the Pueblo Indians and make their home in Northeastern Arizona. They live on top of mesas where pueblos made of stone are built. When the family grows they add on to the pueblo. ", "We have nothing to do with living in teepee's! The Hopi are a federally recognized tribe of indigenous Native American people, who primaril … y live on the 2,531.773 sq mi (6,557.262 km²) Hopi Reservation in northeastern Arizona.Their homes were traditionally the Pueblo style-built with adobe and boxlike in shape. The Hopi lived at the same time as the Anasazi and some clans came from the Ancient Pueblo people. Lori Ann Piestewa (a Hopi) was a U.S. Army Quartermaster Corps soldier killed during an Iraqi Army attack.", "Thought to have migrated north out of Mexico around 500 B.C., the Hopi have always lived in the Four Corners area of the United States. In the beginning they were a hunting and gathering group divided into numerous small bands that lived in pit houses. Now the Hopi Reservation in Black Mesa, Arizona is surrounded by the Navajo reservation and is where the vast majority of the Hopi live today. However, a few Hopi live on the Colorado River Indian Reservation, on the Colorado River in western Arizona.", "The Hopi are a Native American tribe, who primarily live on the 2,531.773 sq mi (6,557.26 km 2) Hopi Reservation in northeastern Arizona. As of 2010, there were 18,327 Hopi in the United States, according to the 2010 census. The Hopi language is one of the 30 of the Uto-Aztecan language family. The Hopi reservation was originally a rectangle 55 by 70 miles (110 km), in the middle of the Navajo Reservation, with their village lands taking about half of the land. The reservation prevented encroachment by white settlers, but it did not protect the Hopis against the Navajos.", "Hopi Indians. The Hopi Indians were considered a sub tribe of the Pueblo Indians, hailing from Arizona, but they spoke a different language. The word Hopi means peaceful ones, or hopeful. Hopi Indians lived in pueblos, which are homes made of mud and stones (dried clay)" ], "url": [ "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hopi_Indians", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hopi_Indians", "http://www.pkwy.k12.mo.us/west/teachers/boles/student_work/west_webfall09/kelsey/KelseyB.htm", "http://www.answers.com/Q/Where_did_the_hopi_come_from", "http://www.legendsofamerica.com/na-hopi.html", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hopi_Indians", "http://www.indians.org/articles/hopi-indians.html" ] }

[]

[ "Yes" ]

{ "is_selected": [ 0, 0, 1, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0 ], "passage_text": [ "Ativan is a brand name for the anxioltyic (anti-anxiety) medication known as lorazepam. Ativan is commonly prescribed for anxiety and panic disorder, though many opiate abusers have used Ativan for opiate withdrawal.", "Uses. This medication is used to treat anxiety. Lorazepam belongs to a class of drugs known as benzodiazepines which act on the brain and nerves (central nervous system) to produce a calming effect. This drug works by enhancing the effects of a certain natural chemical in the body (GABA).", "Patients were randomly assigned to either a control condition (opioid analgesia alone) or anxiolytic condition (opioid analgesia+lorazepam) and then asked to report their worst procedural pain for 4 consecutive days: a 2-day baseline period and a 2-day post-treatment period.", "Lorazepam is a benzodiazepine drug, most commonly used for the short-term treatment of anxiety, seizures, insomnia and more. Medical experts are quick to recognize lorazepam’s adverse effects, as well as the therapeutic ones.", "Morphine and Lorazepam Tapering Guidelines in the NICU University of Iowa Children’s Hospital Finnegan Scoreosymptoms of opioid Follow morphine taper schedule Morphine/Lorazepam Use Wean patient by ~10-30% daily based on clinical status.", "In addition to pre-procedure hydromorphone, patients in the anxiolytic condition also received 1 mg of lorazepam orally 30–60 min before beginning the procedure. Patients in the control condition received hydromorphone and a placebo.", "It appears that the analgesic effects we found with lorazepam are mediated by anxiety reduction and may be limited to patients with high levels of baseline pain. These results demonstrate a potentially safe, simple, and cost-effective means to potentiate opioid analgesia in patients with procedural burn pain.", "Lorazepam withdrawal can cause severe symptoms, but detoxifying from the drug is a necessary step when you are trying to recover from a lorazepam addiction. Lorazepam is a benzodiazepine, a type of anxiety-reducing medication. This drug is also used to relieve the withdrawal symptoms of a recovering alcoholic.", "No. Lorazepam is a member of the benzodiazepine family of sedative/hypnotics. If it showed up in a drug test, it would show up as a positive flag for benzo's. True, Lorazepam is a benzodiazepine and will therefore show up as a positive for benzos on all standard drug tests." ], "url": [ "http://opiateaddictionsupport.com/how-to-use-ativan-for-opiate-withdrawal-lorazepam-help/", "http://www.webmd.com/drugs/2/drug-8892-5244/lorazepam-oral/lorazepam-oral/details", "http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S030439599700064X", "http://www.dependency.net/learn/lorazepam/", "http://www.uichildrens.org/uploadedFiles/UIChildrens/Health_Professionals/Iowa_Neonatology_Handbook/Pharmacology/MorphineAndLorazepamTaperingGuidelines.pdf", "http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S030439599700064X", "http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S030439599700064X", "http://www.withdrawal.net/learn/lorazepam/", "http://www.answers.com/Q/Does_lorazepam_show_up_as_a_opiate_on_a_drug_test" ] }

[]

[ "$400- $2,200" ]

{ "is_selected": [ 0, 1, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0 ], "passage_text": [ "1 Atekmasonry.com states that the average chimney repair is going to be between $300 to $1,000. 2 Common repair jobs can include rebuilding and replacing bricks or stones, replacing a cap, replacing a liner, replacing mortar, and/or reflashing. 1 Users on the forum, Gardenweb.com, claimed that they had prices that ranged anywhere from $500 to more than $3,000 to fix their chimney. 2 Common repairs included tuckpointing, inserting a new liner, and replacing the cap. 3 ", "1 The cost to repair a chimney crown will depend on the size of the chimney and how easy it is to access the chimney. 2 Depending on the severity of the job, the average cost of chimney crown repair will range anywhere from $400 to as much as $2,200. Keeping it in the best condition possible is the best way to save money. 1 ", "Find out how much your project will cost. Provide a few details about your project and receive competitive quotes from local pros. The average national cost of woodstove and fireplace repair is $432, with most homeowners spending between $167 and $739. This data is based on actual project costs as reported by HomeAdvisor members. Many people are choosing to heat their homes with wood, due to the increase in cost of natural gas and oil. Depending on the type of repair needed, your costs can vary greatly. Creosote is a wood preservative used to cure beech wood and other common burning woods. Burning a log releases a creosote resin with the smoke which collects in your chimney.", "Brick Repair Average Costs. 1 HomeAdvisor.com puts the cost of brick repair nationwide at roughly $1,300 to $2,000, with some repairs costing close to $4,000. 2 Smaller brick repair jobs, such as repairing cracks in 10 or fewer bricks, often costs less than $500. 3 Brick replacement (including cutout and re-laying) might cost $250 to $350 for a small ... 1 Hiring a professional for a full day of brick repair over several areas of the home might cost $750 to $1,000. 2 Brick replacement (including cutout and re-laying) might cost $250 to $350 for a small area with around 1 dozen to 2 dozen bricks.", "1 The cost of chimney repair will really depend on the type of repair required. 2 For instance, a cracked chimney usually costs around $1,000 to repair since it will have to be rebuilt. 3 The issue becomes worse if the cracks are left untreated. 1 Users on the forum, Gardenweb.com, claimed that they had prices that ranged anywhere from $500 to more than $3,000 to fix their chimney. 2 Common repairs included tuckpointing, inserting a new liner, and replacing the cap. 3 Atekmasonry.com states that the average chimney repair is going to be between $300 to $1,000.", "Average Price. Replacing or rebuilding your entire chimney can cost up to $1,000 or more, according to Chimney Repair. MGI Home Inspection puts the cost of aligning a chimney at up to $3,000. The installation of chimney flashing costs $150 to $350, and rebuilds are charged on a linear foot basis", "The Average Fireplace Repair Cost. The average cost of a fireplace is $934. The final project cost will depend on the extent of the damage to the fireplace and chimney as well as whether or not there was a fire that spread into the adjacent walls. ", "1 For instance, a cracked chimney usually costs around $1,000 to repair since it will have to be rebuilt. 2 The issue becomes worse if the cracks are left untreated. 3 In that case, the price will skyrocket to more than$3,000. 1 Users on the forum, Gardenweb.com, claimed that they had prices that ranged anywhere from $500 to more than $3,000 to fix their chimney. 2 Common repairs included tuckpointing, inserting a new liner, and replacing the cap. 3 Atekmasonry.com states that the average chimney repair is going to be between $300 to $1,000.", "But ignoring your chimney can cost you big-time. A cracked chimney crown or spalling bricks can easily cost $1,000 to repair. And, if left untreated, the damage can accelerate quickly, and cost you upward of $3,000. It doesn't have to be that way. By simply sealing the bricks and the crown and adding a chimney cap, you'll greatly extend your chimney's life." ], "url": [ "http://www.howmuchisit.org/chimney-repair-cost/", "http://www.howmuchisit.org/chimney-crown-repair-cost/", "http://www.homeadvisor.com/cost/heating-and-cooling/repair-a-fireplace-or-woodstove/", "http://costowl.com/home-improvement/landscaping-brick-repair-cost.html", "http://www.howmuchisit.org/chimney-repair-cost/", "http://www.ehow.com/facts_7215741_costs-repair-chimney.html", "http://www.improvenet.com/r/costs-and-prices/fireplace-repairs", "http://www.howmuchisit.org/chimney-repair-cost/", "http://www.familyhandyman.com/masonry/chimney-maintenance/view-all" ] }

[]

[ "$37-$250" ]

{ "is_selected": [ 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1, 0, 0, 0, 0 ], "passage_text": [ "1 Do-it-yourself supplies for building a partition wall can run $150-$500 or more for an 8-foot high L-shaped wall about 18-20 feet long, depending on local lumber prices and the materials used, such as drywall or beadboard. 2 The higher cost range may include a simple prehung door. ", "1 Do-it-yourself pocket door kits can cost $60-$400, but are typically about $100-$150, depending on door size, materials and the weight capacity of the frame. 1 Hiring a handyman or laborer to replace a pocket door might cost $200-$400, parts and labor, depending on local rates, materials chosen and the extent of work needed.", "Brick Mason $300-$350 #4. Painter $125.00 Plus the cost of the door/trim and other materials. You may also need a concrete stoop or pad on the outside of this door, and a light above or at the side of this new door with an inside switch-The stoop and the light and switch will add to the cost.", "1 DIYNetwork.com estimates that replacing an existing pocket door (where the pocket cavity has already been created inside the wall) is a relatively easy project that takes about an hour and costs $100-$250 in do-it-yourself materials. 1 Hiring a handyman or laborer to replace a pocket door might cost $200-$400, parts and labor, depending on local rates, materials chosen and the extent of work needed.", "Homeowners can expect to pay between $500 and $1,230 to install or replace a steel entry door. The cost of a steel entry door ranges between $200 and $500, depending on the thickness of the door and its style. Some styles of steel door you can choose from include:", "1 Pet doors cost $37 to $430, depending on the size, placement and features. 2 A basic pet door, mounted into a standard wooden door or exterior wall, costs $37-$250, depending on its size. 3 A pet door mounted into a glass door costs $129-$279. 1 Hiring a handyman to install the door costs around $50 more. 2 It would take a handyman about two hours to install the door. 3 Dog doors are for sale at pet supply stores like PetSmart and Pet Super Store.", "1 A basic pet door, mounted into a standard wooden door or exterior wall, costs $37-$250, depending on its size. 2 A pet door mounted into a glass door costs $129-$279. 3 A pet door fitted into a patio door costs $130-$430, depending on its durability, size and features. 1 Hiring a handyman to install the door costs around $50 more. 2 It would take a handyman about two hours to install the door. 3 Dog doors are for sale at pet supply stores like PetSmart and Pet Super Store.", "Remove the inside wall in the area where you want to install the door. You may want to remove the entire wall or you may want to remove just enough of it to allow you to frame the rough opening. A hammer works great for removing drywall. Just knock a hole in it and break it away in pieces. ", "1 Extra collars for collar-sensored models cost about $40. 2 Hiring a handyman to install the door costs around $50 more. 3 It would take a handyman about two hours to install the door. 4 Dog doors are for sale at pet supply stores like PetSmart and Pet Super Store. 1 Hiring a handyman to install the door costs around $50 more. 2 It would take a handyman about two hours to install the door. 3", "Drywall is the most common type of wall. The biggest impact will be the drywall itself. Ensuring you get enough to cover all of your walls and possibly ceilings will be a bulk of the price to install drywall. Beyond that, there are special drywall screws, the joint compound or mud, and tape. " ], "url": [ "http://home.costhelper.com/partition-wall.html", "http://home.costhelper.com/pocket-doors.html", "https://answers.yahoo.com/question/index?qid=20100819073430AAu3dQL", "http://home.costhelper.com/pocket-doors.html", "http://www.homeadvisor.com/cost/doors-and-windows/install-a-door/", "http://pets.costhelper.com/pet-door.html", "http://pets.costhelper.com/pet-door.html", "http://www.lowes.com/cd_Install+a+Patio+Door_879953847_", "http://pets.costhelper.com/pet-door.html", "http://www.homeadvisor.com/cost/walls-and-ceilings/install-a-wall/" ] }

[]

[ "A pejorative is a word or grammatical form expressing a low opinion of someone or something, or showing a lack of respect for someone or something.It is also used as a criticism, hostility, disregard and/or disrespect." ]

{ "is_selected": [ 1, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0 ], "passage_text": [ "(February 2014). A pejorative (also called a derogatory term, derogative term, a term of abuse, or a term of disparagement) is a word or grammatical form expressing a low opinion of someone or something, or showing a lack of respect for someone or something. It is also used as a criticism, hostility, disregard and/or disrespect. A term can be regarded as pejorative in some social or cultural groups but not in others. Sometimes, a term may begin as a pejorative and eventually be adopted in a non-pejorative sense (or vice versa) in some or all contexts.", "Full Definition of PEJORATIVE. : having negative connotations; especially: tending to disparage or belittle: depreciatory. — pe·jo·ra·tive·ly adverb. See pejorative defined for English-language learners. 1 But they are not considered, in that pejorative word, ‘normal’. — 2 Matt Ridley, Genome, 1999. 3 The word barbarian was used by the Greeks, to designate an alien, and therefore, by definition, someone inferior in culture to a Hellene.", "adjective. The definition of pejorative is having a negative or belittling effect. An example of pejorative is a cruel statement about a student's schoolwork that causes him to produce even lower quality schoolwork. 1 Weak is a pejorative interpretation of what I said. 2 A pejorative sense is exactly what brought the word back into use in the mid-nineteenth century. 3 It could be a fairly neutral term, but as the editorial proceeds it becomes quite pejorative with many negative overtones", "pejorative. adjective derogatory, negative, slighting, unpleasant, belittling, disparaging, debasing, deprecatory, uncomplimentary, depreciatory, detractive, detractory He used the word in a pejorative sense. adjective. ", "Definition: Words and phrases that hurt, insult, or disparage someone or something. The label pejorative (or derogatory) is sometimes used in dictionaries and glossaries to identify expressions that offend or belittle a subject. Nonetheless, a word that's regarded as pejorative in one context may have a non-pejorative function or effect in a different context. See Examples and Observations (below). ", "Definition of PEJORATIVE. : a word or phrase that has negative connotations or that is intended to disparage or belittle: a pejorative word or phrase. ADVERTISEMENT. (see 2pejorative). 1 But they are not considered, in that pejorative word, ‘normal’. — 2 Matt Ridley, Genome, 1999. 3 The word barbarian was used by the Greeks, to designate an alien, and therefore, by definition, someone inferior in culture to a Hellene.", "Pejorative prefixes and suffixes attach a negative meaning to a word. An example of a pejorative prefix is dis-: disinformation, disconnect, disloyal, and disagree. 18 people found this useful. ", "1 A pejorative sense is exactly what brought the word back into use in the mid-nineteenth century. 2 It could be a fairly neutral term, but as the editorial proceeds it becomes quite pejorative with many negative overtones. 1 Weak is a pejorative interpretation of what I said. 2 A pejorative sense is exactly what brought the word back into use in the mid-nineteenth century. 3", "Pejorative. A pejorative is a word or grammatical form of expression that expresses contempt or distaste. A term can be regarded as pejorative in some social or cultural groups but not in others, e.g., hacker is a term used for computer criminals as well as quick and clever computer experts. Wiktionary (0.00 / 0 votes) Rate this definition: pejorative (Noun). A disparaging, belittling, or derogatory word or expression. pejorative (Adjective). Disparaging, belittling or derogatory. Origin: 1882 pejorative, péjorative from, peioratus past participle of, peiorare from. peior" ], "url": [ "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pejorative", "http://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/pejorative", "http://www.yourdictionary.com/pejorative", "http://www.thefreedictionary.com/pejorative", "http://grammar.about.com/od/pq/g/Pejorative-Language.htm", "http://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/pejorative", "http://www.answers.com/Q/What_does_pejorative_mean", "http://www.yourdictionary.com/pejorative", "http://www.definitions.net/definition/pejorative" ] }

[]

[ "A monk is a person who practices religious asceticism, living either alone or with any number of other monks." ]

{ "is_selected": [ 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1, 0, 0 ], "passage_text": [ "Article discussion. A monk (Greek: μοναχός, monachos) is a person who practices religious asceticism, living either alone or with any number of monks, whilst always maintaining some degree of physical separation from those not sharing the same purpose. The concept is ancient and can be seen in many religions and in philosophy. ", "A monk is a person who withdraws from society to concentrate on religious service. Several major religions have monastic traditions, which typically fall into two types: a cenobite lives in a community with other monks, while an eremitic monk withdraws from everyone, becoming a hermit. 4. Become a novice at a monastery. You will be taught how to be a monk, and the monks will observe you to decide if your personality is suitable for monastic life.", "A monk or a nun wandering from village to village should look forward for four cubits, and seeing animals they should move on by walking on his toes or heels or the sides of his feet. If there be some bypath, they should choose it, and not go straight on; then they may circumspectly wander from village to village. However, being generic, it is not interchangeable with terms that denote particular kinds of monk, such as friar, cenobite, hermit, anchorite, hesychast, or solitary.", "Definition of MONK. : a man who is a member of a religious order and lives in a monastery; also: friar. ADVERTISEMENT", "A monk may be a person who decided to dedicate his life to serving all other living beings, or to be an ascetic who voluntarily chooses to leave mainstream society and live his life in prayer and contemplation. The concept is ancient and can be seen in many religions and in philosophy. However, being generic, it is not interchangeable with terms that denote particular kinds of monk, such as friar, cenobite, hermit, anchorite, hesychast, or solitary.", "Finally, monks are called to provide a prophetic witness to the world. As a community of men of different ages, races, interests and personalities living together in a spirit of unity and love, the monastery stands as witness to the Kingdom yet to come, when all will be gathered back together in one Christ, who is love. Traditionally, monks have served the larger Church through education and scholarship, offering hospitality, spiritual direction and pastoral assistance, and cultivating Catholic culture in the form of the arts, literature, music and beautiful liturgy.", "monk. n. A man who is a member of a brotherhood living in a monastery and devoted to a discipline prescribed by his order: a Carthusian monk; a Buddhist monk. [Middle English. , from Old English. monk. 1 ascetic-Pronounced uh-SET-ik, it is derived from Greek asketes, monk, hermit.. 2 dean-Comes from Latin decanum, chief of a group of ten, and Greek dekanos, a monk or dignitary in charge of ten others.. 3 nun-Derived from Latin nonna, the feminine of nonnus, monk, originally a title given to an elderly person.", "A monk (from Greek: μοναχός, monachos, single, solitary and Latin monachus) is a person who practices religious asceticism, living either alone or with any number of other monks. However, being generic, it is not interchangeable with terms that denote particular kinds of monk, such as friar, cenobite, hermit, anchorite, hesychast, or solitary.", "A monk may be conveniently defined as a member of a community of men, leading a more or less contemplative life apart from the world, under the vows of poverty, chastity, and obedience, according to a rule characteristic of the particular order to which he belongs. ", "Although the term monachos is of Christian origin, in the English language monk tends to be used loosely also for both male and female ascetics from other religious or philosophical backgrounds. However, being generic, it is not interchangeable with terms that denote particular kinds of monk, such as friar, cenobite, hermit, anchorite, hesychast, or solitary." ], "url": [ "http://religion.wikia.com/wiki/Monk", "http://www.wikihow.com/Become-a-Monk", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Monk", "http://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/monk", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Monk", "http://www.saintmeinrad.edu/vocations/what-is-a-monk/", "http://www.thefreedictionary.com/monk", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Monk", "http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/10487b.htm", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Monk" ] }

[]

[ "Alive" ]

{ "is_selected": [ 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1 ], "passage_text": [ "From Latin roots, its meaning is alive-in this context, Viva can be used in the English and Hungarian languages. Viva is a Latin contraction of the name Aviva (English and Hebrew). Viva is also a variant transcription of the name Vivian (English). Veeva, Vica, Vivah, Vivan, Viveca, Vivva, Vyva, and Vyvah are variant transcriptions of Viva. Viva is a rare baby name for girls.", "Please read them carefully. Veeva may, without notice to you, at any time revise these Terms of Use and any other information contained in this Web Site by updating this posting. Veeva may also make improvements or changes in the products, services, or programs described in this Web Site at any time without notice.", "Veeva is a rare given name for women. Veeva is also a rare last name for both adults and children. (2000 U.S. Census). Shown below is an analysis of the usage of Veeva and affiliated names. Viva is the only popular related form of Veeva (outside Top 1000) rated in the Top 1000. Variants like Viveca are seldom used.", "Veeva is also a rare last name for both adults and children. (2000 U.S. Census). Shown below is an analysis of the usage of Veeva and affiliated names. Viva is the only popular related form of Veeva (outside Top 1000) rated in the Top 1000.", "Keeva /kee-va/ [2 sylls.] as a name for girls is of Hebrew, Irish and Gaelic origin, and the meaning of Keeva is protect, shelter; gentle, beautiful, precious.", "Veeva /vee-va/ [2 sylls.] as a girls' name is of Latin origin, and Veeva means alive. Veeva is an alternate form of Viva (Latin): familiar from the expression Long live. Compare last name Vevea. Kreatif forms: Veeval, Veevi." ], "url": [ "http://www.babynamespedia.com/meaning/Viva", "https://www.veeva.com/terms/", "http://www.thinkbabynames.com/meaning/0/Veeva", "http://www.thinkbabynames.com/meaning/0/Veeva", "http://www.thinkbabynames.com/meaning/0/Keeva", "http://www.thinkbabynames.com/meaning/0/Veeva" ] }

[]

[ "Marriage between a man & woman in the Catholic Church is a sacrament. It's both a sign of the love between Christ and his Church, and also a participation in that love.An annulment from the Catholic Church is independent from obtaining a civil annulment (or, in some cases, a divorce). Although, before beginning a process before an Ecclesiastical Tribunal — it has to be clear that the marriage cannot be rebuilt." ]

{ "is_selected": [ 0, 1, 0, 1, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0 ], "passage_text": [ "Annulment. An annulment is a declaration by a Church tribunal (a Catholic church court) that a marriage thought to be valid according to Church law actually fell short of at least one of the essential elements required for a binding union. ", "The value & permanence of marriage. To understand Catholic annulment, you have to understand marriage. Marriage between a man & woman in the Catholic Church is a sacrament. It's both a sign of the love between Christ and his Church, and also a participation in that love.", "Why does the Church require a divorced Catholic to obtain a declaration of nullity before re-marrying in the Church? The Church presumes that marriages are valid and lifelong; therefore, unless the ex-spouse has died, the Church requires the divorced Catholic to obtain a declaration of nullity before re-marrying. If a marriage is annulled, are the children considered illegitimate? No. A declaration of nullity has no effect on the legitimacy of children, since the child’s mother and father were presumed to be married at the time that the child was born. Legitimacy depends on civil law.", "However, not all applications for marriage nullity are granted. An annulment from the Catholic Church is independent from obtaining a civil annulment (or, in some cases, a divorce). Although, before beginning a process before an Ecclesiastical Tribunal — it has to be clear that the marriage cannot be rebuilt. - Catechism of the Catholic Church (CCC 1629). In 2015, the process for declaring matrimonial nullity was amended by the matrimonial nullity trial reforms of Pope Francis, the broadest reforms to matrimonial nullity law in 300 years.", "Medioimages/Photodisc/Photodisc/Getty Images. Divorce takes a financial and emotional toll on both participants. If you are Catholic, the church does not recognize divorce, but does allow for annulment of marriage under specific circumstances. People who have their marriages annulled reinstate their unmarried status and become eligible again for marriage within the church. Instructions. Finalize your civil divorce before beginning the annulment process. Once your divorce is finalized, get an annulment form from the parish where you live. You do not have to be a member of this church to get the application. Fill ou", "An annulment in the Catholic Church deals only with the sacrament of marriage, and not the legal, historical, emotional truth of marriage. An annulment states that the sacrament was never present in the marriage, and not that the marriage never took place. Page 3 of 3 MYTH NUMBER NINE: An Annulment is Just Catholic Divorce. The truth is that civil divorce and a church annulment are two vastly different things. A divorce is concerned with the legal realities of marriage only; an annulment is concerned with the religious and spiritual element—the sacrament", "1. An annulment, formally called “a declaration of nullity,” is an official declaration by the Roman Catholic Church that a marriage did not meet the requirements for validity. Validity means that the desired outcome (in this case, marriage) has actually taken place as recognized by the Church. The Church believes that “marriage enjoys the favor of the law” and is therefore presumed to be valid, unless the contrary is proven. In short, if a Catholic who has been married and divorced wants to enter into a valid Church marriage, an annulment is needed.", "The cost of an annulment can vary from church to church. The average cost is around $500 with a portion due at the time the case is submitted. The rest can be paid in monthly installments. If you cannot pay the full amount, arrangements can be made, through the church to defray some of the expense. Your ex spouse does not have to agree to the annulment. They also don’t have to agree to participate in the process. 1 Documents you will need. 2 Copies of the baptismal certificates of all Catholic parties involved. 3 Copy of the civil marriage license. 4 Copy of the church marriage certificate.", "Usually, a person seeking an annulment is someone who has been married, is now divorced and wishes to marry again, specifically in the Catholic Church. Anyone married in the Catholic Church and now divorced can request an annulment whether they are wishing to marry again or not. 1 Involvement of former spouse. Your ex spouse does not have to agree to the annulment. They also don’t have to agree to participate in the process. 1 Documents you will need. 2 Copies of the baptismal certificates of all Catholic parties involved. 3 Copy of the civil marriage license. 4 Copy of the church marriage certificate.", "The proper term for Catholic annulment is declaration of nullity: the Church declares that the marriage never was valid in the first place. This becomes clearer when we compare Catholic annulment to civil divorce. A divorce is effective as of the date of the divorce decree. Before that, the couple was still married. To understand Catholic annulment, you have to understand marriage. Marriage between a man & woman in the Catholic Church is a sacrament. It's both a sign of the love between Christ and his Church, and also a participation in that love." ], "url": [ "http://www.usccb.org/issues-and-action/marriage-and-family/marriage/annulment/", "http://www.beginningcatholic.com/catholic-annulment.html", "http://www.foryourmarriage.org/catholic-marriage/church-teachings/annulments/", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Annulment_(Catholic_Church)", "http://www.ehow.com/how_7305825_annulment-marriage-catholic-church.html", "http://www.archbalt.org/about-us/marriage-tribunal/upload/Doc_12_myths_about_marriage_annulments_in_the_Catholic_Church.pdf", "http://togetherforlifeonline.com/catholic-annulment/", "http://divorcesupport.about.com/od/alternativestodivorce/ht/annulment.htm", "http://divorcesupport.about.com/od/alternativestodivorce/ht/annulment.htm", "http://www.beginningcatholic.com/catholic-annulment.html" ] }

[]

[ "It is a management and control process that cuts through complexity to focus on building software." ]

{ "is_selected": [ 0, 0, 0, 1, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0 ], "passage_text": [ "scrum is a sub group of agile agile is a set of values and principles that describe a group s day to day interactions and activities the scrum methodology follows the values and principles of agile but includes further definitions and specifications especially regarding certain software development practices there are three key roles in a scrum team the product owner the product owner is the project s key stakeholder usually an internal or external customer or a spokesperson for the customer there is only one product owner who conveys the overall mission and vision of the product which the team is building", "in scrum project management on the first day of a sprint and during the planning meeting team members create the sprint backlog the sprint backlog can be thought of as the team s to do list for the sprint whereas a product backlog is a list of features to be built written in the form of user stories ", "scrum is a framework for developing and sustaining complex products this guide contains the definition of scrum this definition consists of scrum s roles events artifacts and the rules that bind them together ken schwaber and jeff sutherland developed scrum the scrum guide is written and provided by them ", "scrum is a management and control process that cuts through complexity to focus on building software that meets business needs management and teams are able to get their hands around the requirements and technologies never let go and deliver working software incrementally and empirically ", "scrum is based on the principles and values of the agile manifesto which proposes a different style for managing software development work encouraging an emphasis on people over processes working software over documentation collaboration over contract negotiation and responding to change over following a plan if anyone thinks scrum is now known to everyone involved in software development or project management think again what is scrum is still one of the most searched terms on the web in relation to agile development that is", "part of the software development glossary a scrum master is the facilitator for a product development team that uses scrum a rugby analogy for a development methodology that allows a team to self organize and make changes quickly the scrum master manages the process for how information is exchanged the team as a whole is responsible for outcomes that does not mean that the job is easy however the scrum master is responsible for 1 helping the team to reach consensus for what can be achieved during a specific period of time", "scrum is an agile project management methodology or framework used primarily for software development projects with the goal of delivering new software capability every 2 4 weeks there are three key roles in a scrum team the product owner the product owner is the project s key stakeholder usually an internal or external customer or a spokesperson for the customer there is only one product owner who conveys the overall mission and vision of the product which the team is building", "scrum is an iterative and incremental agile software development method for managing software projects and product or application development so scrum is in fact a type of agile approach which is used widely in software developments so scrum is a specific flavor of agile specifically it is referred to as an agile project management framework also scrum has mainly two roles inside it which are 1 main core role 2 ancillary role main core role it consists of mainly three roles a", "scrum is a framework for developing and sustaining complex products this guide contains the definition of scrum this definition consists of scrum s roles events artifacts and the rules that bind them together ken schwaber and jeff sutherland developed scrum the scrum guide is written and provided by them the scrum team consists of a product owner the development team and a scrum master scrum teams are self organizing and cross functional self organizing teams choose how best to accomplish their work rather than being directed by others outside the team", "scrum is part of the agile movement agile is a response to the failure of the dominant software development project management paradigms including waterfall and borrows many principles from lean manufacturing the scrum approach to agile software development marks a dramatic departure from waterfall management scrum and other agile methods were inspired by its shortcomings scrum emphasizes collaboration functioning software team self management and the flexibility to adapt to emerging business realities" ], "url": [ "https://www.versionone.com/agile-101/what-is-scrum/", "http://www.mountaingoatsoftware.com/agile/scrum", "http://www.scrumguides.org/", "https://www.scrum.org/Resources/What-is-Scrum", "http://www.allaboutagile.com/what-is-scrum/", "http://whatis.techtarget.com/definition/scrum-master", "https://www.versionone.com/agile-101/what-is-scrum/", "http://stackoverflow.com/questions/11469358/what-is-the-difference-between-scrum-and-agile-development", "http://www.scrumguides.org/scrum-guide.html", "http://scrummethodology.com/" ] }

[]

[ "25 km" ]

{ "is_selected": [ 0, 1, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0 ], "passage_text": [ "86 Cascades, 17 Bellamont Road, Umdloti, 4350, Umhlanga Coastline, KwaZulu Natal. Located in Umdloti in KwaZulu Natal, San's Place Umdloti is a luxury self-catering holiday apartment that sleep two guests. The one bed-roomed apartment is located in a secure complex and a covered parking bay is provided ... Located in the Umdloti Cabanas, this self-catering apartment is situated directly on the beachfront; you will not be disappointed with the location and the breathtaking ocean views. The apartment has two bedrooms.", "Umdloti is a small village along the warm Indian Ocean, 11km south of King Shaka Airport and 25 km north of Durban. Die Strandhuis has 3 separate self-catering options: The house, Embuia and Ros... More Info. 1 Person is currently making an enquiry at this establishment. No 25 Umdloti is a Tri-level Apartment, starting from the Ground Floor, inside Umdloti Cabanas. Located on the South Beach Road, it is a quieter option from the North beach, but still offering the sa... More Info. 3 People are currently making enquiries", "Umdloti Accommodation. Umdloti, the Riviera of KwaZulu Natal, as it s sometimes known, lies just 10 kilometres from Umhlanga Rocks and 20 kilometres from the seaside city of Durban. It is a tiny resort town to the north of the city which is home to a permanent population no bigger than 3000. No 25 Umdloti is a Tri-level Apartment, starting from the Ground Floor, inside Umdloti Cabanas. Located on the South Beach Road, it is a quieter option from the North beach, but still offering the sa... More Info. 3 People are currently making enquiries at this establishment.", "La Mercy, a secluded little village on the southern edge of the Dolphin Coast, is set just south of Ballito and roughly 25 kilometres north of Durban. It is a coastal conservancy that, together with Umdloti, is also one of the best beaches... More information and photographs: La Mercy Information. Accommodation in Zimbali. Just 20 minutes drive from Durban and 65 kilometres from the airport, Zimbali is 925 acres of tropical coastal estate that manages to combine a residential and resort estate-the Zimbali Coastal Forest Estate and the Zimbali Golf Course... More information and photographs: Zimbali", "Umdloti Beach is a Coastal Conservancy and Wildlife Habitat with great beaches, lovely accommodation, good restaurants, dolphins, whales, surfing and swimming in a sub-tropical climate. Umdloti Beach: a guide to Umdloti accommodation, restaurants in Umdloti, property, shops & services in Umdloti, sport/recreation, nature & wildlife, climate, diving spots off Umdloti and a register of whale sightings from Umdloti.", "Umdloti Cabanas, situated on the Kwazulu Natal North Coast, is a secure apartment complex on Umdloti’s south beach. This fully equipped self catering tri level apartment comfortably sleeps 4 people, in 2 bedrooms, both with spectacular views of the warm I. Self Catering Apartment/ Flat Accommodation in Umdloti Beach. The apartment is very light and the decor gives a fresh feel that is very appealing by the sea. It has one queen size bedroom en-suite, a further bathroom, one double and one twin bedroom. All the beds will be made up prior to your arrival ...", "Umdloti Beach. Umdloti is a small town situated at the mouth of the Mdloti River, just 10 km from Umhlanga, 10 km from the new King Shaka Airport, and 25km (16 miles) from Durban and uShaka Sea World. Umdloti Beach features a large and totally natural tidal pool with lifeguards stationed there daily. Swimming is safe for your smaller children, and a variety of ocean life can be seen in the rock pools at low tide.", "Umdloti has two shopping centres, a number of restaurants and a post office. Needless to say, the beach is the main attraction. Umdloti s beaches are protected by shark nets and there are life guards on duty too. No 25 Umdloti is a Tri-level Apartment, starting from the Ground Floor, inside Umdloti Cabanas. Located on the South Beach Road, it is a quieter option from the North beach, but still offering the sa... More Info. 3 People are currently making enquiries at this establishment.", "There are three beautiful beaches in Umdloti, namely Newsel Beach, Selection Beach, and Umdloti Beach. Umdloti Beach features a large and totally natural tidal pool with lifeguards stationed there daily. Swimming is safe for your smaller children, and a variety of ocean life can be seen in the rock pools at low tide. Other activities at Umdloti beach include surf and rock fishing; though licenses are required due to the area's conservancy status, snorkelling, surfing, diving and kiteboarding", "Situated in the idyllic Indian Ocean village of Umdloti, on the North Coast of KwaZulu Natal, South Africa, Rising Moon is a luxurious, spacious, three double bedroom safe and secure self-catering beachfront apartment. Watch the ... Located in the Umdloti Cabanas, this self-catering apartment is situated directly on the beachfront; you will not be disappointed with the location and the breathtaking ocean views. The apartment has two bedrooms." ], "url": [ "http://www.sa-venues.com/accommodation/umdloti.php", "http://www.sleeping-out.co.za/accommodation/Umdloti/660-0-1-1", "http://www.sleeping-out.co.za/accommodation/Umdloti/660-0-1-1", "http://www.sa-venues.com/attractionskzn/kzn_dolphincoast.htm", "http://www.umdloti.org/index.html", "http://www.wheretostay.co.za/town/umdloti-beach/accommodation", "http://www.wheretostay.co.za/town/umdloti-beach", "http://www.sleeping-out.co.za/accommodation/Umdloti/660-0-1-1", "http://www.wheretostay.co.za/town/umdloti-beach", "http://www.sa-venues.com/accommodation/umdloti.php" ] }

[]

[ "$61,918" ]

{ "is_selected": [ 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1, 0, 0 ], "passage_text": [ "Manufacturing Engineer Salary. (United States). Men make up the majority of Manufacturing Engineers in the United States, and the nationwide average salary in this area lies in the neighborhood of $64K per year. Earnings generally vary between $48K and $87K per year. Workers in their first five years can expect to earn $61K, but people who have been around for five to 10 years earn a noticeably bigger sum of $69K. Manufacturing Engineers with one to two decades of relevant experience report an average salary of approximately $74K.", "For example the median expected annual pay for a typical Manufacturing Engineer I in the United States is $61,597 so 50% of the people who perform the job of Manufacturing Engineer I in the United States are expected to make less than $61,597. Source: HR Reported data as of October 2015. Median $61,597. 1 Salary. The annual salary for someone with the job title Manufacturing Engineer I may vary depending on a number of factors including industry, company size, location, years of experience and level of education.", "With an average salary of $85,930 in 2013, mechanical engineers are filling their coffers at a higher rate than a number of other technology jobs. Computer programmers, by comparison, make $80,930. The gap is wider for computer support specialists, who earn an average annual salary of $64,160. Salary Outlook. According to the BLS, mechanical engineers earned a median salary of $82,100 in 2013. The best-paid earned about $123,340, while the lowest-paid earned less than $52,550. Industries that pay well include oil and gas extraction as well as information services.", "$79,000. Average Manufacturing Process Engineer salaries for job postings nationwide are 37% higher than average salaries for all job postings nationwide.", "Well there are a wide range of jobs in the Engineering category and their pay varies greatly. If you know the pay grade of the job you are searching for you can narrow down this list to only view Engineering jobs that pay less than $30K, $30K-$50K, $50K-$80K, $80K-$100K, or more than $100K. ", "Manufacturing Engineer Salary. Manufacturing Engineer average salary is $61,918, median salary is $60,000 with a salary range from $25,000 to $1,575,600. Manufacturing Engineer salaries are collected from government agencies and companies. Each salary is associated with a real job position. ", "For Manufacturing Engineers, comfortable salaries can be found at General Motors Corporation; in fact, average earnings are around $84K, the highest in the area, though the difference in the company's lowest and highest employee paychecks ($64K versus $118K) is great. Workers in their first five years can expect to earn $61K, but people who have been around for five to 10 years earn a noticeably bigger sum of $69K. Manufacturing Engineers with one to two decades of relevant experience report an average salary of approximately $74K.", "Average Engineer Salaries. The average salary for engineer jobs is $66,000. Average engineer salaries can vary greatly due to company, location, industry, experience and benefits. This salary was calculated using the average salary for all jobs with the term engineer anywhere in the job listing. " ], "url": [ "http://www.payscale.com/research/US/Job=Manufacturing_Engineer/Salary", "http://www1.salary.com/Manufacturing-Engineer-I-salary.html", "http://money.usnews.com/careers/best-jobs/mechanical-engineer/salary", "http://www.indeed.com/salary/Manufacturing-Process-Engineer.html", "http://www1.salary.com/Engineering-Salaries.html", "http://www.salarylist.com/jobs/Manufacturing-Engineer-Salary.htm", "http://www.payscale.com/research/US/Job=Manufacturing_Engineer/Salary", "http://www.simplyhired.com/salaries-k-engineer-jobs.html" ] }

[]

[ "Last episode of season 3." ]

{ "is_selected": [ 0, 1, 0, 0, 0, 0 ], "passage_text": [ "The season three finale of the Vampire Diaries is finally here, and it started with a blast from the past. Last week's episode ended with Elena passing out. This week finds her waking up -- but waking up in a time when her parents and Aunt Jenna were still alive.", "Report Abuse. Elena turns into a vampire in the last episode of season 3. Her vampire transition is in the first episode of season 4. Hope that helps. Source(s): Me, Myself, and I. Hana · 2 years ago.", "Stefan tells Elena that he's a vampire but that it is Damon who is responsible for the recent mysterious deaths. He confesses that Katherine was the one who turned them both in 1864 and tells her that Damon has turned Vicki Donovan into a vampire.", "Elena becomes an actual vampire when she drinks blood in the first episode of season 4, but she is in transition at the very end of season 3. Hope this helped.", "Keep up with all the twists and turns of The Vampire Diaries, Thursdays at 8 p.m. ET on The CW.", "Welcome back to the land of the (un)living, Elena! The Vampire Diaries ' good girl turned very, very bad finally pressed her humanity on-button again. " ], "url": [ "http://www.ibtimes.com/vampire-diaries-season-3-finale-elena-turns-vampire-chooses-stefan-she-dies-697894", "https://answers.yahoo.com/question/index?qid=20130905015611AA4ja94", "http://vampirediaries.wikia.com/wiki/Elena_Gilbert", "http://www.fanpop.com/clubs/the-vampire-diaries/answers/show/485476/when-does-elena-become-vampire", "http://www.huffingtonpost.com/2012/10/12/the-vampire-diaries-premi_n_1960300.html", "http://www.cambio.com/2013/05/04/vampire-diaries-season-4-episode-21-recap-shes-come-undone/" ] }

[]

[ "Because Greek Philosophy attempted to make sense out of the world, in a non-religious way." ]

{ "is_selected": [ 0, 0, 0, 1 ], "passage_text": [ "Many people today would say that philosophy is useless in our scientific world, yet nothing can be further from the truth.", "Introduction. The Athenian philosopher Plato (c.428-347 B.C.) is one of the most important figures of the Ancient Greek world and the entire history of Western thought. In his written dialogues he conveyed and expanded on the ideas and techniques of his teacher Socrates.", "Ancient Greek Philosophy. The Ancient Greek philosophers have played a pivotal role in the shaping of the western philosophical tradition. This article surveys the seminal works and ideas of key figures in the Ancient Greek philosophical tradition from the Presocratics to the Neoplatonists. It highlights their main philosophical concerns and the evolution in their thought from the sixth century BCE to the sixth century CE.", "Greek Philosophy. One of the most unique and wonderful of Greek inventions was philosophy. Philosophy was the special way Greeks attempted to make sense out of the world, in a non-religious way. This means that rather than using myths and stories to understand the world, they would use their intelligence and reasoning skills. “Philo-” means love, and “-sophia” means wisdom, so the word “philosophy” really means “the love of wisdom.” Basically, philosophy is thinking about the world and making sense out of it." ], "url": [ "http://www.philoscifi.com/wisdom/on-philosophy/why-is-philosophy-important", "http://www.history.com/topics/ancient-history/plato", "http://www.iep.utm.edu/greekphi/", "http://www.historyforkids.net/greek-philosophy.html" ] }

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[ "$100 - $250" ]

{ "is_selected": [ 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1, 0 ], "passage_text": [ "Rental costs are dependent on the size, type and age of the RV, the season that you want it for and the length of time you will rent it. Generally, motorhomes rent from $100 to $250 per day and truck campers and travel trailers average $50 to $120 per day. Choices that Will Affect How You Rent. ", "Report Abuse. RV Rental prices can vary depending on the type of RV you rent. Cheap campers can rent for under $100/day while luxury motorhomes can go for over $1000/day. Typical RV rentals are either Class C or Class A motorhomes. Class A coaches are of much higher quality and pretty much fall under the realm of luxury RV rentals so you could expect a bit more for those. ", "1 Renting an RV will include a minimum number of miles allotted per day. 2 If the RV goes over the allotted miles, additional fees will apply. 3 On average, companies will include 100 to 200 miles per day. 4 Be sure to read the restrictions on where the RV can be taken. 1 For example, a standard Class-C RV that is 25′ can cost $840 to $3,200 per week or $120 to $171 per day. 2 Daily rates can fluctuate depending on the time of the season. 3 Summer months are going to cost more than the winter months. 4 A 33′ RV that is towed can cost $525 to $900 per night.", "1 If included with the RV, it can cost $50-$100 for a basic kitchen kit, or $15-$80 or more per person for a more complete package. 2 Some companies charge an extra $5-$50 a day for items such as a TV-DVD player, portable generator, bicycle rack, camp chairs or other extras. 1 Check whether the rented motorhome is covered under by existing automobile insurance; if not, additional insurance from the rental company can cost $15-$75 a day. 2 Campgrounds or RV parks typically cost $10-$50 a night. 3 When making reservations, check the maximum RV size allowed.", "1 A 33′ RV that is towed can cost $525 to $900 per night. 2 For a 500 mile trip using a 25′ Class-C motorhome, the entire trip would cost anywhere from $800 to $1,500 when factoring in state tax, the rental tax and the amount of miles driven for the trip. 1 For example, a standard Class-C RV that is 25′ can cost $840 to $3,200 per week or $120 to $171 per day. 2 Daily rates can fluctuate depending on the time of the season. 3 Summer months are going to cost more than the winter months. 4 ", "I read that RVs will get anywhere from 6 miles on the gallon up to 12 miles to the gallon, so I wasn’t all that hopeful. We put a total of 3440 miles on the RV, needing a total of 397 gallons of gas. The average price per gallon was about $3.50, and our total fuel bill for the entire trip was $1,400.67. Ouch. I knew it was a lot, but didn’t realize it would be that much. ", "1 Some rental companies charge an additional $50-$100 if the RV is picked up on a weekend during peak season. 2 Class As average about 8-10 miles per gallon, with a typical fuel tank holding 100-150 gallons. 3 At $2.50-$4 a gallon, a fill-up could cost $250-$600 and last 800-1,500 miles. 1 Check whether the rented motorhome is covered under by existing automobile insurance; if not, additional insurance from the rental company can cost $15-$75 a day. 2 Campgrounds or RV parks typically cost $10-$50 a night. 3 When making reservations, check the maximum RV size allowed.", "There are enough RV rental companies in Alaska that you will be able to find the package you want without having to pay for any extras you don't need. Mileage can be from 15 to 45 cents per mile or there may be a flat rate, anywhere between $30 and $100 per day. Odds are you are going to need to book your rental at least 30 days in advance, and at least six months in advance if you want your RV for the high summer season of July and August. Alaska RV rental rates seem to range anywhere from $70 per day plus mileage to almost $300 per day if you get unlimited mileage.", "The cost to rent a motorhome or RV depends on the size of the vehicle, the mileage to be driven and the season. High season is July and August so rates are more. A renter should budget between $100 - $250 per day for rental fees. Unlike renting a car, unlimited mileage is not offered. The total allowance is usually 200 kilometers per day with an additional charge in the $0.30 to $0.40 cents per kilometre range. A renter should also ask about insurance costs. Finally, expect to pay a damage/security deposit in the range of $500 - $1,500 for the rental of a motorhom", "1 In determining how much it costs to rent an RV, you should also consider the cost of kitchen utensils (pots, pans, etc.) and bedding. 2 If the RV rental company provides those items, there will be a fee; however, you usually have the option of bringing your own utensils and bedding. 1 For example, if the nightly rental rate is $99 and the total mileage traveled at, say, 34-cents per mile, a five-night, 600-mile trip would be $798. 2 Most RVs come with a generator, so there is a relatively small charge associated with the generator." ], "url": [ "http://www.campingroadtrip.com/tips-and-articles/how-to-rent-an-rv", "https://answers.yahoo.com/question/index?qid=20090511092659AATxeLV", "http://www.howmuchisit.org/renting-a-rv-cost/", "http://cars.costhelper.com/rv-rental.html", "http://www.howmuchisit.org/renting-a-rv-cost/", "http://www.goodfinancialcents.com/rent-rv-cruise-america/", "http://cars.costhelper.com/rv-rental.html", "http://www.alaskarvtrips.com/alaska-rv-rentals.html", "http://www.travel-british-columbia.com/rv-parks/rv-rentals/", "http://www.cruiseamerica.com/rv-rentals/how-much-to-rent-an-rv/" ] }

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[ "$110 for a new." ]

{ "is_selected": [ 1, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0 ], "passage_text": [ "The cost of a passport can vary depending on the type of service you require, how quickly you need to get the application processed and any additional services you might need. There is an application fee for most services ranging from only $15 for a passport card for a minor to $110 for a new passport or renewal. An execution fee of $25 is mandatory when submitting Form DS-11. This is paid to the agent that adjudicates the application. The fees for some of the optional services are $60 for expedited service, $14.85 for overnight delivery of your new passport and $150 for a file search. The lowest possible price would be about $50 for the renewal of a passport card for an adult. This would include the application fee, passport photo and postage. The highest amount an applicant might spend to get a passport can reach $750 or more.", "New Passport. New Passports are for U.S. citizens over the age of 18 that have never applied for a U.S. Passport or for U.S. citizens that have a valid passport that has been expired for more than 5 years. ", "1 Breaking down the specific costs, the application fee for a passport booklet is $75 for adults (16+) and $60 for children. 2 Applying for a passport card costs $20 for adults and $10 for children. 3 Applicants must also submit two 2-inch by 2-inch color photos with the passport application. 1 Applying for a passport card costs $20 for adults and $10 for children. 2 Applicants must also submit two 2-inch by 2-inch color photos with the passport application. 3 Passport photos cost about $15, and can be taken at certain branches of the US Post Office, FedEx and UPS stores and photography studios.", "1 The total cost to get photos and apply for a passport can run $50-$175. 2 The Department of State Passport Fees website breaks down all the standard government fees. 3 Breaking down the specific costs, the application fee for a passport booklet is $75 for adults (16+) and $60 for children. 1 Applying for a passport card costs $20 for adults and $10 for children. 2 Applicants must also submit two 2-inch by 2-inch color photos with the passport application. 3 Passport photos cost about $15, and can be taken at certain branches of the US Post Office, FedEx and UPS stores and photography studios.", "Other passport fees are also expected to rise later this year. For those under 16, the cost of a passport could be $105. Passport renewal may jump to $110. But if you’ll be in a hurry to get to Paris or that Bermuda beach, the additional fee for expedited passport services is likely to remain at $60. It could cost you a little more to get one. Later this year, the State Department could charge an adult – anyone 16 and older – $135 for a first-time passport. For the past two years, the charge has been $100 (and it was $97 before February 2008).", "Obtaining a new US Passport. Applying for your United States passport is necessary if you are a U.S. citizen and plan to travel outside of the borders of the United States.", "US passport: The cost of your first one could go up to $135. The State Department is planning to increase fees for a US passport. The cost of a renewal could jump to $110. It could cost you a little more to get one. Later this year, the State Department could charge an adult – anyone 16 and older – $135 for a first-time passport. For the past two years, the charge has been $100 (and it was $97 before February 2008).", "Routine & Expedited Passport Fees. The passport application fee and the execution fee (new passport only) are the only mandatory fees. There are several optional fees such as the ones for expedited service, overnight delivery and a file search. All the fees are listed below. If 2 to 3 weeks is not fast enough, you will have to either visit a regional agency or apply online for expedited service in order to get your passport in under 2 weeks. Submitting incorrect passport fees could delay the processing of your application.", "1 The Department of State Passport Fees website breaks down all the standard government fees. 2 Breaking down the specific costs, the application fee for a passport booklet is $75 for adults (16+) and $60 for children. 3 Applying for a passport card costs $20 for adults and $10 for children. 1 Applying for a passport card costs $20 for adults and $10 for children. 2 Applicants must also submit two 2-inch by 2-inch color photos with the passport application. 3 Passport photos cost about $15, and can be taken at certain branches of the US Post Office, FedEx and UPS stores and photography studios." ], "url": [ "http://www.us-passport-service-guide.com/how-much-does-a-passport-cost.html", "http://www.uspassportnow.com/services/NewPassport?addlink", "http://travel.costhelper.com/passport.html", "http://travel.costhelper.com/passport.html", "http://www.csmonitor.com/USA/Foreign-Policy/2010/0311/US-passport-The-cost-of-your-first-one-could-go-up-to-135", "http://www.passportrenewal.net/new-passport/", "http://www.csmonitor.com/USA/Foreign-Policy/2010/0311/US-passport-The-cost-of-your-first-one-could-go-up-to-135", "http://www.us-passport-service-guide.com/passport-fees.html", "http://travel.costhelper.com/passport.html" ] }

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[ "Alexis is a Greek name meaning defender." ]

{ "is_selected": [ 0, 1, 0, 0, 0 ], "passage_text": [ "Baby Names associated with Defender for Girls. These girl names were at the apex of their popularity during 1900-1909 (usage of 0.1741%) and are almost as popular today (usage 0.1369%, ▼ 21.4%), but with names like Sandra, Barbara, Raina, Bridget and Sondra becoming somewhat outmoded.", "4-5 5. The meaning of Alexis is Defender . Its origin is Greek . Recently this name is mostly being used as a unisex name, but historically it's a boy's name. Last year it ranked 107th in the U.S. Social Security Administration list of most popular baby names. Alexis is a Greek name meaning defender or helper.. It is derived from the Greek word 'alexo,' meaning to defend or to help.. Although technically a separate name, Alexis is often used alongside Alexios, which is one of its derivatives. In modern Greece and elsewhere, Alexis is traditionally a male name.", "Defender Names. Defender baby names and what they mean, for defender, protector, protection, patroness, helmet, guardian. Here is the list of Defender names for boys.", "Defender baby names and what they mean, for defender, guardian, protector, protection, guard, keeper, helmet, shield, protecting, vigilant, protect, savior. Here is the list of Defender names for girls.", "Baby Names associated with Defender for Boys. These boy names reached the height of their popularity during the years 1910-1919 (usage of 0.1459%) and are almost as popular today (usage 0.1244%, ▼ 14.7%), but with names like Ramon, Randall, Alvaro, Ray and Garrison becoming somewhat dated." ], "url": [ "http://www.thinkbabynames.com/names/0/defender", "http://www.ebabynames.com/#!meaning-of-Alexis", "http://www.thinkbabynames.com/names/0/defender", "http://www.thinkbabynames.com/names/1/defender", "http://www.thinkbabynames.com/names/1/defender" ] }

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[ "Olfactory receptors expressed in the cell membranes of olfactory receptor neurons are responsible for the detection of odor molecules.hese receptors are members of the class A rhodopsin-like family of G protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs)." ]

{ "is_selected": [ 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1, 0, 0, 0 ], "passage_text": [ "Very slender nerve cells, with large nuclei and surmounted by six to eight long, sensitive cilia in the olfactory epithelium at the roof of the nose; they are the receptors for smell. Max Johann, German histologist and zoologist, 1825-1874. Schultze cells-Synonym(s): olfactory receptor cells. Schultze membrane-the specialized olfactory receptive area. Synonym(s): region of olfactory mucosa. Schultze sign-in latent tetany, tapping the tongue causes its depression with a concave dorsum.", "The small, unmyelinated axons of the olfactory receptor cells form the fine fibers of the first cranial nerve and travel centrally toward the ipsilateral olfactory bulb to make contact with the second-order neurons. Conduction velocities are extremely slow, and support is provided in bundles by a single Schwann cell. Head anatomy with olfactory nerve. Within the nasal cavity, the turbinates or nasal conchae serve to direct the inspired air toward the olfactory epithelium in the upper posterior region. This area (only a few centimeters wide) contains more than 100 million olfactory receptor cells.", "Olfactory Epithelium. The olfactory epithelium consists of 3 cell types: basal, supporting, and olfactory receptor cells. Basal cells are stem cells that give rise to the olfactory receptor cells (seen in the image below). The continuous turnover and new supply of these neurons are unique to the olfactory system. In no other location in the mature nervous system do less differentiated stem cells replace neurons. Head anatomy with olfactory nerve. Within the nasal cavity, the turbinates or nasal conchae serve to direct the inspired air toward the olfactory epithelium in the upper posterior region. This area (only a few centimeters wide) contains more than 100 million", "Olfactory Membrane. The olfactory membrane, or epithelium, is a layer of cells on the roof of the nasal cavity. It is made up of three layers of cells: the supporting cells, the olfactory receptor cells, and the basal cells. Supporting cells are similar to glial cells and help produce mucus. Basal cells are the source of new receptors. Olfactory receptor cells, actually neurons, are the site of transduction. ", "ol·fac·to·ry re·cep·tor cells. Very slender nerve cells, with large nuclei and surmounted by six to eight long, sensitive cilia in the olfactory epithelium at the roof of the nose; they are the receptors for smell. Max Johann, German histologist and zoologist, 1825-1874. Schultze cells-Synonym(s): olfactory receptor cells. Schultze membrane-the specialized olfactory receptive area. Synonym(s): region of olfactory mucosa. Schultze sign-in latent tetany, tapping the tongue causes its depression with a concave dorsum.", "In vertebrates, the olfactory receptors are located in both the cilia and synapses of the olfactory sensory neurons and in the epithelium of the human airway. In insects, olfactory receptors are located on the antennae and other chemosensory organs. These receptors are members of the class A rhodopsin-like family of G protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs). The olfactory receptors form a multigene family consisting of over 900 genes in humans and 1500 genes in mice.", "Olfactory receptors expressed in the cell membranes of olfactory receptor neurons are responsible for the detection of odor molecules. These receptors are members of the class A rhodopsin-like family of G protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs). The olfactory receptors form a multigene family consisting of over 900 genes in humans and 1500 genes in mice.", "Anatomy: Structure of the Olfactory System. The olfactory system consists of olfactory receptors and the olfactory bulb. The olfactory receptors are located in the olfactory mucosa, part of a region in the nose called the olfactory epithelium. The olfactory bulb is a part of our brain that is connected by nerves to the olfactory epithelium.", "Activated olfactory receptors are the initial player in a signal transduction cascade which ultimately produces a nerve impulse which is transmitted to the brain. These receptors are members of the class A rhodopsin-like family of G protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs). The olfactory receptors form a multigene family consisting of over 900 genes in humans and 1500 genes in mice.", "ol·fac·to·ry re·cep·tor cells. very slender nerve cells, with large nuclei and surmounted by 6-8 long, sensitive cilia in the olfactory epithelium at the roof of the nose; they are the receptors for smell. Synonym(s): olfactory cells, Schultze cells. Schultze cells-Synonym(s): olfactory receptor cells. Schultze membrane-the specialized olfactory receptive area. Synonym(s): region of olfactory mucosa. Schultze sign-in latent tetany, tapping the tongue causes its depression with a concave dorsum." ], "url": [ "http://medical-dictionary.thefreedictionary.com/Olfactory+cells", "http://emedicine.medscape.com/article/835585-overview", "http://emedicine.medscape.com/article/835585-overview", "http://www.macalester.edu/academics/psychology/whathap/ubnrp/smell/nasal.html", "http://medical-dictionary.thefreedictionary.com/olfactory+receptor+cells", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Olfactory_receptor", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Olfactory_receptor", "http://www.ablongman.com/html/psychplace_acts/olfaction/anatomy.html", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Olfactory_receptor", "http://medical-dictionary.thefreedictionary.com/Olfactory+cells" ] }

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[ "1 It is located in the southwest corner of the state and is named for the Uluru/Ayers Rock. 2 Uluru/Ayers Rock is the largest sandstone monolith in the world. 3 It is a sacred site of the Anangu Aborigines. 4 Alice Springs – Alice Springs is the primary city of the southernmost region of the Northern Territory.Australia’s Northern Territory is rich in history and is one of the most beautiful destinations in the world." ]

{ "is_selected": [ 0, 0, 0, 1, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0 ], "passage_text": [ "Located in the heart of the Northern Territory, Uluru, formerly known as Ayers Rock, is the largest monolith in the world. Noted for its natural and cultural value, it is certainly one of the most well known Aussie Landmarks and the greatest of all Australian landforms if you are touring and sight seeing Down Under. Florence Falls. As a result of eons of erosion into the sandstone plateau of the Table Top Range in Litchfield National Park, there are several beautiful falls and other attractions to check out, the double plunge Florence Falls being one of the most popular to take a refreshing swim in as they are easliy accessable.", "The Northern Territory is one of two mainland Australian territories, and not a state. At Federation, the Northern Territory did not yet exist. From 1825 to 1863, the Northern … Territory was part of New South Wales, and from 1863 to 1911 it was part of South Australia. It is probably not so much a question of who discovered the Northern Territory as who was the first to cross it and chart the region, entering previously unknown territory.", "The Northern Territory is a hot, ruggedly beautiful area of Australia that was settled by the British to ease their fears of French or Dutch settlement. The Northern Territory is located in the far northern part of Australia. The most famous landmark is Uluru, also known as Ayers Rock. Tourists are able to visit Uluru and there are plenty of tours that will take you there. Other Outback geographical features include the Olgas and the MacDonnell Ranges. Along with the red deserts, the Northern Territory is home to many of Australia's spectacular national parks. One beautiful example is Kakadu National Park which will expose a visitor to much of the Northern Territory's rugged landscape and wildlife such as eagles, giant lizards, crocodiles and emus.", "1 It is located in the southwest corner of the state and is named for the Uluru/Ayers Rock. 2 Uluru/Ayers Rock is the largest sandstone monolith in the world. 3 It is a sacred site of the Anangu Aborigines. 4 Alice Springs – Alice Springs is the primary city of the southernmost region of the Northern Territory. Australia’s Northern Territory is rich in history and is one of the most beautiful destinations in the world. Visitors to the Northern Territory can choose from five regions that make up this state, which is sparsely populated but filled with natural wonders. Rivers – The oldest river system in the world, the Finke River, is located in the Northern Territory. 2 Other river systems in the state include the Adelaide River, Alligator River, Daly River, McArthur River, Roper River and Victoria River. 3 Desert – The Simpson Desert is about the size of Europe.", "Darwin is the largest city in the Northern Territory, with a population of approximately 70,000 people, and is Australia's northern gateway. Darwin was settled to stop the French and Dutch gaining a foothold in Australia and was settled in 1864. Along with the red deserts, the Northern Territory is home to many of Australia's spectacular national parks. One beautiful example is Kakadu National Park which will expose a visitor to much of the Northern Territory's rugged landscape and wildlife such as eagles, giant lizards, crocodiles and emus.", "Visit Uluru. From Darwin, the state capitol of the Northern Territory, head south by either joining a tour, catching a light plane or self driving. Darwin Airport is serviced by international and domestic flights. Located in the heart of the Northern Territory, Uluru is certainly one of the most well known Aussie landmarks and the greatest of all natural Australian landforms to visit if you are touring and sight seeing Down Under.", "Adelaide River. Check out the WW II War Cemetary and Adelaide River Heritage Railway Museum while your using the township as a gateway to Litchfield National Park, though most the visit the town to enjoy a cruise on the river and see the main attraction of this famous landmark, awesome jumping crocodiles. Florence Falls. As a result of eons of erosion into the sandstone plateau of the Table Top Range in Litchfield National Park, there are several beautiful falls and other attractions to check out, the double plunge Florence Falls being one of the most popular to take a refreshing swim in as they are easliy accessable.", "About Us. National Trust of Australia (Northern Territory) is a community-based organisation with a charter to promote the preservation and awareness of the heritage of the Northern Territory. It is not, as many people think, a Government Organisation. ", "Defence of Darwin. Ranked the best attraction in Darwin, the Defence of Darwin Experience located within the Darwin Military Museum Precinct offers visitors an ‘immersive, interactive, multimedia experience’ that elucidates the Bombing of Darwin and the Northern Territory’s role in the confict of World War II. Florence Falls. As a result of eons of erosion into the sandstone plateau of the Table Top Range in Litchfield National Park, there are several beautiful falls and other attractions to check out, the double plunge Florence Falls being one of the most popular to take a refreshing swim in as they are easliy accessable.", "The Northern Territory (abbreviated as NT) is a federal Australian territory in the centre and central northern regions. The Northern Territory's population is the youngest in Australia and has the largest proportion (23.2%) under 15 years of age and the smallest proportion (5.7%) aged 65 and over. The median age of residents of the Northern Territory is 31 years, six years younger than the national median age." ], "url": [ "http://australianlandmarks.com.au/northern-territory-landmarks", "http://www.answers.com/Q/What_is_a_Northern_Territory_landmark", "http://clickforaustralia.com/NorthernTerritory.htm", "http://www.nttc.com.au/northern-territory", "http://clickforaustralia.com/NorthernTerritory.htm", "http://www.australianlandmarks.com.au/northern-territory/uluru-landmarks-of-northern-territory", "http://australianlandmarks.com.au/northern-territory-landmarks", "http://www.nationaltrustnt.com.au/about-us/", "http://australianlandmarks.com.au/northern-territory-landmarks", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Northern_Territory" ] }

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[ "Online to another Emirates Skywards account at a cost of USD 25 per multiple of 1,000 Miles." ]

{ "is_selected": [ 0, 0, 0, 1, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0 ], "passage_text": [ "Mileage Transfer. You can transfer your Asia Miles to the account of a redemption group member at any time so your family and friends can redeem them for a range of exciting rewards with your transferred miles. Here's how it works. Here's how it works. To transfer miles, the minimum block transfer is 10,000 miles at a service fee (online: USD170; other channels: USD250), and further blocks of 5,000 miles can be transferred at a service fee per block (online: USD140; other channels: USD200). Transfer Your Miles now!", "Amtrak is good for Continental points, but has got its limits. Points.com allows you to transfer miles from one program to another, it is costly in terms of points and cash alike, but you might want to take a look at it still.", "Today, AIR MILES is introducing a new feature that will enable Collectors to transfer some or all of their AIR MILES reward miles to another Collector. The fee to transfer AIR MILES reward miles from one account to another is 15 cents per mile. To transfer reward miles, Collectors must call the AIR MILES Customer Care Centre and provide the following information: • 1 Validate their Collector account by a Customer Care Specialist. • 2 Number of reward miles to be transferred.", "Skywards Miles can be transferred online to another Emirates Skywards account at a cost of USD 25 per multiple of 1,000 Miles. Miles can only be transferred if the receiving account has at least one earning activity. Please call this number only if you have already made a hotel reservation on emirates.com through the service provided by our partner, Tourico. Tourico is unable to answer any queries related to hotels booked through a Dubai stopover package, Dubai Connect, or any other Emirates services.", "1. Enrollment in the Emirates Skywards Program is required. 2. Membership in the Emirates Skywards Program is at all times subject to the Emirates Skywards Program Rules as set out on the Emirates Skywards website. 3. Transfers will be made immediately, but please allow up to 48 hours for the transfer to be completed. 4. Once transfer is complete, log into your Emirates Skywards account at emirates.com/skywards and follow the procedure for redeeming your Skywards Miles or call Emirates at 1-800-777-3999. 5. ", "Skywards Miles can be transferred online to another Emirates Skywards® account at a cost of USD 25 per 1,000 miles. Miles can only be transferred if the receiving account has at least one earning activity. ", "Our Transfer Miles program allows you to take miles from your Alaska Airlines Mileage Plan™ account and transfer them into the Alaska Airlines Mileage Plan account of a friend or family member. You can transfer 1,000 to 30,000 miles in increments of 1,000 miles at a cost of $10.00 per 1,000 miles, plus a $25.00 processing fee per transaction.", "To transfer miles, you'll need a My Account profile, the Mileage Plan number and name of the recipient as it appears in their Mileage Plan account, and a valid major credit card. Transfer Miles Terms and Conditions: To transfer miles, you must have an activated My Account profile. A 1,000-mile minimum transfer is required and the maximum amount you may transfer per transaction is 30,000 miles. The maximum miles you can transfer in to or out of an account per calendar year is 100,000 miles. Miles cost $10.00 per 1,000 miles plus a $25 processing fee per transaction (Canadian residents will be charged applicable taxes). You can transfer 1,000 to 30,000 miles in increments of 1,000 miles at a cost of $10.00 per 1,000 miles, plus a $25.00 processing fee per transaction.", "Emirates now allows Skywards points to be transferred any other Skywards member, instead of limiting the transfers to the accounts of immediate family members. This will likely result in a burst of people hawking frequent flyer points on eBay and travel forums. However, before you get too excited, there's a catch: Emirates levies a US$25 fee on every 1,000 points transferred. That translates into an effective cost of 2.5c per Skywards point based on the transfer -- and that's more than a point is generally worth." ], "url": [ "https://www.asiamiles.com/am/en/about/features/transfer", "http://www.travelgrove.com/blog/frequent-flyer/transferring-your-frequent-flyer-award-miles-between-airlines/", "https://www.airmiles.ca/arrow/Splash?splashId=11500076", "http://www.emirates.com/english/help/faq/1114972/can-i-transfer-skywards-miles-from-my-account-to-another-member-s-account", "http://thepointsguy.com/2013/10/good-news-membership-rewards-transfer-instantly-to-emirates/", "http://www.emirates.com/us/english/help/faq/1114972/can-i-transfer-skywards-miles-from-my-account-to-another-member-s-account", "https://www.alaskaair.com/mileageplan/ssl/TransferMiles/TransferMiles.aspx", "https://www.alaskaair.com/mileageplan/ssl/TransferMiles/TransferMiles.aspx", "http://www.ausbt.com.au/get-the-points-emirates-now-allows-points-transfers-purchases" ] }

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[]

{ "is_selected": [ 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0 ], "passage_text": [ "For the patient with a traumatized acetabulum, accurate radiographic diagnosis and classification are the cornerstones of effective clinical care. Acetabular fractures are caused by high kinetic energy, and satisfactory management requires differentiation of the fracture types. Acetabular fracture orientation with a computed tomography (CT) scan. A CT scan of the left midacetabulum shows that wall fractures have an oblique orientation. Anterior wall acetabular fracture. A computed tomography (CT) scan demonstrates an oblique fracture through the anterior wall of the left acetabulum (arrow).", "Subchondral lucency is the best descriptive term, without attempting to deduce the nature of the lesion by conventional radiographs. Subchondral lucencies about the hip are most often seen in association with osteoarthritis (OA), where they are most often noted in the acetabulum (so-called Egger's cysts). Abstract. The case of a young female with hip pain and acetabular subchondral lucencies on conventional radiographs is presented. Computed tomography (CT) demonstrated subchondral lucencies in the femoral head as well, and an arthrogram revealed synovial irregularities.", "The hip is a ball-and-socket joint. The socket is formed by the acetabulum, which is part of the large pelvis bone. The ball is the femoral head, which is the upper end of the femur (thighbone). Femoroacetabular impingement (FAI) is a condition where the bones of the hip are abnormally shaped. Because they do not fit together perfectly, the hip bones rub against each other and cause damage to the joint.", "The well-fitting surfaces of the femoral head and acetabulum, which face each other, are lined with a layer of slippery tissue called articular cartilage, which is lubricated by a thin film of synovial fluid. Friction inside a normal hip is less than one-tenth that of ice gliding on ice. Contributing a little more than two-fifths of the structure is the ischium, which provides lower and side boundaries to the acetabulum. The ilium forms the upper boundary, providing a little less than two-fifths of the structure of the acetabulum. The rest is formed by the pubis, near the midline.", "The acetabulum is also home to the acetabular notch, an attachment site for the ligamentum teres, a triangular, somewhat flattened band implanted by its apex into the antero-superior part of the fovea capitis femoris. Contributing a little more than two-fifths of the structure is the ischium, which provides lower and side boundaries to the acetabulum. The ilium forms the upper boundary, providing a little less than two-fifths of the structure of the acetabulum. The rest is formed by the pubis, near the midline.", "Organisms in the dinosauria clade are defined by a perforate acetabulum, which can be thought of as a hip-socket. The perforate acetabulum is a cup-shaped opening on each side of the pelvic girdle formed where the ischium, ilium, and pubis all meet, and into which the head of the femur inserts. Contributing a little more than two-fifths of the structure is the ischium, which provides lower and side boundaries to the acetabulum. The ilium forms the upper boundary, providing a little less than two-fifths of the structure of the acetabulum. The rest is formed by the pubis, near the midline.", "A deep semispherical socket cavity in the lateral surface of the hip, with which the femoral head articulates, located at the convergence of the ilium, ischium, and pubis. The acetabulum is functionally comprised of two columns (anterior and posterior) and two walls (anterior and posterior). acetabulum (a·s ·taˑ·by ·l m) , n the bowl-shaped cavity that houses the rounded tip of the femur, where the ischium, pubis, and ilium join. Acetabulum. , pl. acetabula (as-ĕ-tab'yū-lŭm, -lă) [TA].", "acetabulum. the cup-shaped cavity on the lateral surface of the hip bone in which the head of the femur articulates. Acetabulum, showing the cup-shaped cavity (A) , and its articulation with the femur (B). From Dorland's, 2000. acetabulum (a·s ·taˑ·by ·l m) , n the bowl-shaped cavity that houses the rounded tip of the femur, where the ischium, pubis, and ilium join. Acetabulum. , pl. acetabula (as-ĕ-tab'yū-lŭm, -lă) [TA].", "The acetabulum /aesɨˈtaebjʊləm/ (æsɨˈtæbjʊləm cotyloid) cavity is a concave surface of the. Pelvis the head of the femur meets with the pelvis at the, acetabulum forming the hip. joint Contributing a little more than two-fifths of the structure is the ischium, which provides lower and side boundaries to the acetabulum. The ilium forms the upper boundary, providing a little less than two-fifths of the structure of the acetabulum. The rest is formed by the pubis, near the midline.", "Transverse fractures divide the acetabulum into top and bottom halves, as seen on the lateral view of the acetabulum. The transverse fracture with a posterior wall fracture is a common fracture that incorporates the features of transverse and posterior wall elementary fractures (see the images below). Acetabular fracture orientation with a computed tomography (CT) scan. A CT scan of the left midacetabulum shows that wall fractures have an oblique orientation. Anterior wall acetabular fracture. A computed tomography (CT) scan demonstrates an oblique fracture through the anterior wall of the left acetabulum (arrow)." ], "url": [ "http://emedicine.medscape.com/article/385838-overview", "http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/089970719090049H", "http://orthoinfo.aaos.org/topic.cfm?topic=A00571", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Roof_of_acetabulum", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Roof_of_acetabulum", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Roof_of_acetabulum", "http://medical-dictionary.thefreedictionary.com/acetabulum", "http://medical-dictionary.thefreedictionary.com/acetabulum", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Roof_of_acetabulum", "http://emedicine.medscape.com/article/385838-overview" ] }

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[ "Is the loss of a first or second language or a portion of that language." ]

{ "is_selected": [ 0, 0, 1, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0 ], "passage_text": [ "The question of what happens to the first language of a bilingual speaker or a migrant is the other side of this coin, and we might expect that the factors which influence eventual success in foreign language learning may also have an impact on first language main-tenance or attrition (e.g. Ben Rafael & Schmid 2007).", "A person who acquires a second language (L2) after the first (L1) may be inhibited in the acquisition of this second language by the first language. However, interference can also work the other way: the second language can interfere with the correct use of the first.", "Language attrition is the loss of a first or second language or a portion of that language. Speakers who routinely speak more than one language may use their languages in ways slightly different from a single language speaker, or a monolingual.", "First language attrition. by Celine Céline. Graciet most people take their mother tongue for. Granted they'don t consider the fact that those who live in a foreign environment are at risk of losing some of their language skills and fluency if they'aren t looked. after", "On the most general level, this definition is fairly uncontroversial: where language acquisition is a process during which the proficiency in a first or second language increases, in the process of language attrition, lack of contact leads to a reduced level of proficiency in the attriting language.", "Language attrition is related to multilingualism and language acquisition. Many factors are at play in learning (acquisition) and unlearning (loss) the first and second languages. This can be a simple reversal of learning.", "Linguists use the term first language attrition to describe the gradual loss of a first language (L1) as the migrant gains proficiency in a second language (L2). It has been observed that language attrition works in both directions.", "Language attrition (for the purpose of this article, the discussion will be confined to the attrition of an L1) is often considered to be a reversal of language acquisition.", "There are a number of factors which will impact in different ways on the process of L1 attrition. Frequent use (interactive or receptive) of a particular language may help to maintain the native language system intact, and so may a positive attitude towards the language or the speech community.", "The term first language attrition (FLA) refers to the gradual decline in native language proficiency among migrants. As a speaker uses their L2 frequently and becomes proficient (or even dominant) in it, some aspects of the L1 can deteriorate or become subject to L2 influence." ], "url": [ "http://babylonia.ch/fileadmin/user_upload/documents/2008-2/schmid_01.pdf", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Language_attrition", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Language_attrition", "http://www.omniglot.com/language/articles/first_language_attrition.htm", "http://www.blackwellreference.com/public/tocnode?id=g9781405138093_chunk_g978140513809313", "http://psychology.wikia.com/wiki/Language_attrition", "http://www.wisegeek.com/what-is-language-attrition.htm", "http://www.blackwellreference.com/public/tocnode?id=g9781405138093_chunk_g978140513809313", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Language_attrition", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Language_attrition" ] }

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[ "$81,810", "$81,810" ]

{ "is_selected": [ 0, 0, 1, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0 ], "passage_text": [ "For example the median expected annual pay for a typical Physician-Pediatrics in the United States is $181,714 so 50% of the people who perform the job of Physician-Pediatrics in the United States are expected to make less than $181,714. The annual salary for someone with the job title Physician-Pediatrics may vary depending on a number of factors including industry, company size, location, years of experience and level of education.", "This chart describes the expected percentage of people who perform the job of Physician-Pediatrics in New York, NY that make less than that salary. Requires a degree in medicine from an accredited school and is licensed to practice. May require at least 2-4 years of pediatrics experience. Familiar with standard concepts, practices, and procedures within a particular field.", "Pediatrician New York, NY Salary. Pediatrician New York, NY average salary is $81,810, median salary is $65,354 with a salary range from $21,830 to $1,977,402. Pediatrician New York, NY salaries are collected from government agencies and companies. Each salary is associated with a real job position. ", "The overall median salary for a typical pediatrician in the United States is about $171,467 per year while an average hourly wage is about $40.76 per hour. The maximum salary a pediatrician can earn in New Zealand is $ 90,000 on a monthly basis. On aggregate, the median salary paid to pediatricians in New Zealand is $ 5,400 on a monthly basis. All practicing pediatricians have to register with the Medical Council of New Zealand.", "Average Pediatrician salaries for job postings in New York, NY are 36% higher than average Pediatrician salaries for job postings nationwide. ", "For example 50% of the people who perform the job of Physician-Pediatrics in New York are expected to make less than the median. Source: HR Reported data as of September 2015. Requires a degree in medicine from an accredited school and is licensed to practice. May require at least 2-4 years of pediatrics experience. Familiar with standard concepts, practices, and procedures within a particular field.", "The salary for someone with the job title Physician-Pediatrics in New York, NY varies depending on a number of factors. Requires a degree in medicine from an accredited school and is licensed to practice. May require at least 2-4 years of pediatrics experience. Familiar with standard concepts, practices, and procedures within a particular field.", "(United States). The average pay for a Pediatrician, General in New York, New York is $135,467 per year. Most people with this job move on to other positions after 20 years in this field. For the first five to ten years in this position, pay increases sharply, but any additional experience does not have a big effect on pay. $59,598 - $199,369", "Salaries for General Pediatricians in the United States are generous, with average pay above six figures ($139K) per year. Compensation ranges between $93K and $200K per year. Vision coverage is also available to about two in five. Female General Pediatricians make up most of the survey respondents at 72 percent. Most General Pediatricians report high levels of job satisfaction. Respondents to the PayScale salary survey provided the data for this report.", "What is the average annual salary for Physician-Pediatrics? The annual salary for someone with the job title Physician-Pediatrics may vary depending on a number of factors including industry, company size, location, years of experience and level of education." ], "url": [ "http://www1.salary.com/Pediatric-Physician-Salary.html", "http://www1.salary.com/NY/New-York/Pediatric-Physician-salary.html", "http://www.salarylist.com/jobs/New-York-NY/Pediatrician-Salary.htm", "http://www.healthcare-salaries.com/physicians/pediatrician-salary", "http://www.indeed.com/salary/q-Pediatrician-l-New-York,-NY.html", "http://www1.salary.com/NY/New-York/Pediatric-Physician-salary.html", "http://www1.salary.com/NY/New-York/Pediatric-Physician-salary.html", "http://www.payscale.com/research/US/Job=Pediatrician%2c_General/Salary/9d29a210/New-York-NY", "http://www.payscale.com/research/US/Job=Pediatrician%2c_General/Salary", "http://www1.salary.com/Pediatric-Physician-Salary.html" ] }

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[ "Is an important component of strategic HR management. It links HR management directly to the strategic plan of your organization." ]

{ "is_selected": [ 0, 1, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0 ], "passage_text": [ "Human resources managers plan, direct, and coordinate the administrative functions of an organization. They oversee the recruiting, interviewing, and hiring of new staff; consult with top executives on strategic planning; and serve as a link between an organization’s management and its employees. ", "Strategic HR Planning. Strategic HR planning is an important component of strategic HR management. It links HR management directly to the strategic plan of your organization. Most mid-to large sized organizations have a strategic plan that guides them in successfully meeting their missions. Integrating human resource management strategies and systems to achieve the overall mission, strategies, and success of the firm while meeting the needs of employees and other stakeholders. Source: Herman Schwind, Hari Das and Terry Wagar, Human Resource Management: A Strategic Approach.", "Strategic Direction & Business Plans for Human Resources. Strategic direction and business plans for human resources require you to use HR as more than just a tool for intimidation. Find out about strategic direction and business plans for human resources with help from an experienced business professional in this free video clip", "HR is being asked to measure and explain how it affects the success of the organization-a request that is made of all critical areas of an organization, stated Society for Human Resource Management (SHRM®) President and CEO Susan R. Meisinger, SPHR®. Whether you're examining the strategic direction of human resource departments, delving into your company's goals and objectives or exploring your own personal career ambitions, Villanova University's Master of Science in Human Resource Development has the answers you need.", "Human Resource Management (HRM) is the term used to describe formal systems devised for the management of people within an organization. The responsibilities of a human resource manager fall into three major areas: staffing, employee compensation and benefits, and defining/designing work. This aspect of human resource management is very important, for it is the mechanism by which organizations provide their workers with rewards for past achievements and incentives for high performance in the future.", "HR: By the Numbers. As HR continues to have a more pivotal role in companies, the strategic direction of human resource departments is also evolving. Many human resource departments endure ever-increasing workloads and additional responsibilities. Whether you're examining the strategic direction of human resource departments, delving into your company's goals and objectives or exploring your own personal career ambitions, Villanova University's Master of Science in Human Resource Development has the answers you need.", "Human resource management (HRM, or simply HR) is a function in organizations designed to maximize employee performance in service of an employer's strategic objectives. HR is primarily concerned with the management of people within organizations, focusing on policies and on systems. The Society for Human Resource Management, which is based in the United States, is the largest professional association dedicated to HR, with over 250,000 members in 140 countries. It offers a suite of Professional in Human Resources (PHR) certifications through its HR Certification Institute.", "Strategic human resource management (strategic HRM, or SHRM) is an approach to managing human resources that supports long-term business goals and outcomes with a strategic framework. It states that strategic human resource management is a complex process that is constantly evolving and the subject of ongoing discussion by academics and other commentators. Its definition and relationships with other aspects of business planning and strategy are not absolute and opinions vary.", "From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia. Human resources planning is a process that identifies current and future human resources needs for an organization to achieve its goals. Human resources planning should serve as a link between human resources management and the overall strategic plan of an organization. Aging worker populations in most western countries and growing demands for qualified workers in developing economies have underscored the importance of effective Human Resources Planning. Human resource planning is the ongoing process of systematic planning to achieve the best use of an organisation's most valuable asset-its human resources. The objective of human resource (HR) planning is to ensure the best fit between employees and jobs, while avoiding workforce shortages or spares.", "As defined by Bulla and Scott, human resource planning is ‘the process for ensuring that the human resource requirements of an organization are identified and plans are made for satisfying those requirements’. Human resource planning is the ongoing process of systematic planning to achieve the best use of an organisation's most valuable asset-its human resources. The objective of human resource (HR) planning is to ensure the best fit between employees and jobs, while avoiding workforce shortages or spares." ], "url": [ "http://www.bls.gov/ooh/management/human-resources-managers.htm", "http://hrcouncil.ca/hr-toolkit/planning-strategic.cfm", "http://smallbusiness.chron.com/strategic-direction-business-plans-human-resources-74335.html", "http://www.villanovau.com/resources/hr/human-resources-department/", "http://www.inc.com/encyclopedia/human-resource-management.html", "http://www.villanovau.com/resources/hr/human-resources-department/", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Human_resource_management", "http://www.cipd.co.uk/hr-resources/factsheets/strategic-human-resource-management.aspx", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Strategic_human_resource_planning", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Strategic_human_resource_planning" ] }

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[ "Leadership positions and other advanced roles in private, public and nonprofit organizations and to work across industries as a business analyst, human resources generalist, operations manager or marketing specialist." ]

{ "is_selected": [ 0, 0, 0, 0, 1, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0 ], "passage_text": [ "Business managers will generally have a bachelor's degree in business or business administration with a specialization appropriate for their industry. The common job description is to develop, oversee, and organize operations, and the hours are often longer than lower level careers. As a trader, you'll advance faster with a master's degree in business administration (MBA). This career demands an aggressive personality which thrives on the risk of buying and selling of stocks, bonds, and options.", "So there you have it. For the most part, a job as an administrative assistant requires you to structure someone else's (typically an executive's) day by coordinating their appointments, taking messages, and sending emails on their behalf. Office support jobs, such as a receptionist or secretary, will probably have you doing a variety of tasks such as answering a more general phone line, mail delivery, copying, collating, and other tasks.", "So, what can you do with a business degree? If you’re someone who enjoys the professionalism and high-powered nature of big business, then you’re likely to be considering a business degree as a stepping stone to a high-status, high-salary career. For the purposes of this article, I’ll be focusing on business careers that can be gained via an undergraduate-level course, with and without postgraduate study. Read on for examples of typical and not so typical careers with a business degree.", "Here's what you'll do in a career in business administration. Business administration is a wide field that incorporates many types of management positions. From major corporations to independent businesses, every operation needs skilled administrators in order to succeed. Motivated, organized personalities will thrive in business, where environments are often high-powered. Depending on the type of business field you enter, there may be additional certifications to earn. For example, the International Facility Management Association offers a competency-based professional certification program for administrative services managers.", "With a bachelor's degree in business administration, you'll qualify for an array of leadership positions and other advanced roles in private, public and nonprofit organizations. You'll have the option to work across industries as a business analyst, human resources generalist, operations manager or marketing specialist. Depending on the type of business field you enter, there may be additional certifications to earn. For example, the International Facility Management Association offers a competency-based professional certification program for administrative services managers.", "There a number of types of business degree which you can undertake, one of the most common of which is an undergraduate business studies degree. Often a business studies degree will cover subjects such as accounting, finance, management and, increasingly, entrepreneurship. For the purposes of this article, I’ll be focusing on business careers that can be gained via an undergraduate-level course, with and without postgraduate study. Read on for examples of typical and not so typical careers with a business degree.", "If the tippity tap of keyboards is music to your ears, then you've got a future as an administrative assistant. As a secretary or administrative assistant, you could be working anywhere: corporate settings, government agencies, legal and medical offices, schools, hospitals, you name it. Office support jobs, such as a receptionist or secretary, will probably have you doing a variety of tasks such as answering a more general phone line, mail delivery, copying, collating, and other tasks.", "If a straightforward corporate career is failing to get you excited, then a business program can also give you the skills to create your own business, or to take on business and management roles within more creative industries, be that fashion, media, or even the charity sector. For the purposes of this article, I’ll be focusing on business careers that can be gained via an undergraduate-level course, with and without postgraduate study. Read on for examples of typical and not so typical careers with a business degree.", "The average hourly pay for all administrative assistant roles is around $20 per hour, but will vary by experience and location. Skill level is the biggest differentiator in pay. Those in secretarial and office support roles usually make around $13 per hour, whereas executive assistants can make upwards of $30 per hour. Office support jobs, such as a receptionist or secretary, will probably have you doing a variety of tasks such as answering a more general phone line, mail delivery, copying, collating, and other tasks.", "If you think of a business degree as a general foundation rather than a specialized training program, then you can visualize the endless selection of careers that are open to you. For example: In sales, your focus is to connect and build relationships with consumers. As a trader, you'll advance faster with a master's degree in business administration (MBA). This career demands an aggressive personality which thrives on the risk of buying and selling of stocks, bonds, and options." ], "url": [ "http://www.worldwidelearn.com/online-education-guide/business/business-major.htm", "http://www.snagajob.com/job-descriptions/administrative-assistant/", "http://www.topuniversities.com/student-info/careers-advice/what-can-you-do-business-degree", "http://www.allbusinessschools.com/business-careers/business-administration/job-description/", "http://www.allbusinessschools.com/business-careers/business-administration/job-description/", "http://www.topuniversities.com/student-info/careers-advice/what-can-you-do-business-degree", "http://www.snagajob.com/job-descriptions/administrative-assistant/", "http://www.topuniversities.com/student-info/careers-advice/what-can-you-do-business-degree", "http://www.snagajob.com/job-descriptions/administrative-assistant/", "http://www.worldwidelearn.com/online-education-guide/business/business-major.htm" ] }

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[ "1.Insertion 2.Deletion and 3.Translocation." ]

{ "is_selected": [ 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1, 0, 0 ], "passage_text": [ "A mutation is a permanent change in the DNA sequence of a gene. There are two ways in which a DNA mutation can occur: 1) Mutations can be inherited. This means … that if a parent has a mutation in his or her DNA, then the mutation is passed on to his or her children. 2) Mutations can be acquired. For example, this can happen during crossover during the formation of gametes. Substitution mutations happen when one nucleotide (the smallest unit of DNA) is replaced by another. These are caused by a number of chemicals that look like something in between both of those nucleotides.", "III. Mutations can occur in several different places. A. A mutation in the DNA of a somatic cell will produce a clone of cells in one individual which are genetically slightly different from teh rest or the cells in the body. ", "DNA and Mutations. by the Understanding Evolution team. A mutation is a change in DNA, the hereditary material of life. An organism's DNA affects how it looks, how it behaves, and its physiology. So a change in an organism's DNA can cause changes in all aspects of its life. ", "As mentioned, sickle-cell anemia is the result of a change in a single nucleotide, and it represents just one class of mutations called point mutations. Changes in the DNA sequence can also occur at the level of the chromosome, in which large segments of chromosomes are altered. As previously mentioned, DNA in any cell can be altered by way of a number of factors, including environmental influences, certain chemicals, spontaneous mutations, and errors that occur during the process of replication. Each of these mechanisms is discussed in greater detail in the following sections.", "Mutation can result in several different types of change in sequences. Mutations in genes can either have no effect, alter the product of a gene, or prevent the gene from functioning properly or completely. Mutations can also occur in nongenic regions. ", "A gene mutation can affect the cell in many ways. Some mutations stop a protein from being made at all. Others may change the protein that is made so that it no longer works the way it should or it may not even work at all. Some mutations may cause a gene to be turned on, and make more of the protein than usual. ", "Three ways mutations can occur in genes are: 1. Insertion: Extra DNA nucleoties are added to the DNA strand. 2. Deletion: DNA nucleotides are deleted, therefore, changing the … DNA sequence. 3. Translocation: parts of chromosomes are exchanged. For example, this can happen during crossover during the formation of gametes. Substitution mutations happen when one nucleotide (the smallest unit of DNA) is replaced by another. These are caused by a number of chemicals that look like something in between both of those nucleotides.", "Types of mutations. In order for a mutation to be inherited, it must occur in the genetic material of a sex cell. It is likely that most sex cells contain gene mutations of some sort. It is now thought that the frequency of new mutations in humans is about 1 for every 10,000 genes per generation. ", "Acquired (or somatic) mutations occur at some time during a person’s life and are present only in certain cells, not in every cell in the body. These changes can be caused by environmental factors such as ultraviolet radiation from the sun, or can occur if a mistake is made as DNA copies itself during cell division. Acquired mutations in somatic cells (cells other than sperm and egg cells) cannot be passed on to the next generation. A gene mutation is a permanent alteration in the DNA sequence that makes up a gene, such that the sequence differs from what is found in most people. Mutations range in size; they can affect anywhere from a single DNA building block (base pair) to a large segment of a chromosome that includes multiple genes" ], "url": [ "http://www.answers.com/Q/What_are_three_ways_mutations_in_DNA_can_occur", "http://www.cod.edu/people/faculty/fancher/genetics/Mutation.htm", "http://evolution.berkeley.edu/evolibrary/article/mutations_01", "http://www.nature.com/scitable/topicpage/genetic-mutation-441", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/DNA_mutations", "http://www.cancer.org/cancer/cancercauses/geneticsandcancer/genesandcancer/genes-and-cancer-gene-changes", "http://www.answers.com/Q/What_are_three_ways_mutations_in_DNA_can_occur", "http://anthro.palomar.edu/synthetic/synth_3.htm", "http://ghr.nlm.nih.gov/handbook/mutationsanddisorders/genemutation" ] }

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[ "Only put your GPA on your resume if it was 3.0 or higher.If your total GPA was under 3.0, but the GPA in your major was higher, put THAT on your resume." ]

{ "is_selected": [ 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1, 0, 0, 0 ], "passage_text": [ "Including your GPA on your professional resume is different than putting it on your college applications. Although colleges use your high school GPA as a barometer of your academic success, employers know that your GPA represents only a small portion of your accomplishments and may not mean much in a work environment. When deciding whether to include your GPA on a resume, here are a few questions to consider: You should certainly include your GPA on your resume if it’s above a 3.0.", "If your GPA is lower than a 3.0, leave it off your resume, and instead bring focus to your other accomplishments. Work or internship experience in your field and solid resume references carry a lot of weight and can ensure employers that you can handle the job. When deciding whether to include your GPA on a resume, here are a few questions to consider: You should certainly include your GPA on your resume if it’s above a 3.0.", "Your grade point average alone won’t get you hired, but a stellar one can help you shine a bit brighter. Here’s how—and when—to list your academic score on your resume. If it Ain’t Great, Don’t List it. A GPA of 3.0 or above is worth listing under “Education,” next to your major. Anything below a 3 you should leave off. Another option is to calculate the GPA for classes completed as part of your major, says career coach Julie Cohen. ", "If you’re concerned about including your GPA on your resume, there are many other ways to prove your abilities to a potential employer. Consider including your GPA within your major if it is significantly higher than your overall GPA. When deciding whether to include your GPA on a resume, here are a few questions to consider: You should certainly include your GPA on your resume if it’s above a 3.0.", "1 If your total GPA was under 3.0, but the GPA in your major was higher, put THAT on your resume. ( 2 Here's a GPA calculator to help you figure out your Major GPA.). 3 Relevant summer jobs or internships will strengthen your resume more than just a high GPA, so don't laser-focus on grades. The answers may surprise you. Just so we're all clear, GPA is a cumulative average of all the grades you've earned in your four (or so) years of classes. In most cases, a perfect score is 4.0. The average score is around 2.8 (depending on variables such as grade inflation).", "So what are the general rules of thumb? 1 Only put your GPA on your resume if it was 3.0 or higher. 2 If your total GPA was under 3.0, but the GPA in your major was higher, put THAT on your resume. 3 Relevant summer jobs or internships will strengthen your resume more than just a high GPA, so don't laser-focus on grades. The answers may surprise you. Just so we're all clear, GPA is a cumulative average of all the grades you've earned in your four (or so) years of classes. In most cases, a perfect score is 4.0. The average score is around 2.8 (depending on variables such as grade inflation).", "If you have the space on your resume résumé/and or if your educational background is particularly, relevant you may want to expand this section by including some of the content listed below as it applies to your experiences and career. Goals Purdue, University West, LAFAYETTE. In candidate For.B. a In, ENGLISH gpa.3. 2 If you have the space on your resume résumé/and or if your educational background is particularly, relevant you may want to expand this section by including some of the content listed below as it applies to your experiences and career. goals", "The grades that are on your transcript are the grades used for the calculations. Study Abroad Students: If you have your study abroad grades in writing, on your resume you may say: GPA 3.32 (including confirmed study abroad grades not yet recorded). But you MUST include the statement that your study abroad grades are not yet recorded in parentheses. ", "When you're in high school, and even more so in college, your grade point average (GPA) can seem like the one-and-only measure of your success. But how important is your GPA after graduation? Should you put it on your resume? Do employers really care if you had a 2.8 or a 3.0? The answers may surprise you. Just so we're all clear, GPA is a cumulative average of all the grades you've earned in your four (or so) years of classes. In most cases, a perfect score is 4.0. The average score is around 2.8 (depending on variables such as grade inflation)." ], "url": [ "https://www.universitylanguage.com/resumes/gpa-on-resume/", "https://www.universitylanguage.com/resumes/gpa-on-resume/", "https://www.wetfeet.com/articles/what-s-the-point-when-to-list-your-gpa-on-your-resume", "https://www.universitylanguage.com/resumes/gpa-on-resume/", "https://www.pongoresume.com/blogPosts/218/-should-i-put-my-gpa-on-my-resume-.cfm", "https://www.pongoresume.com/blogPosts/218/-should-i-put-my-gpa-on-my-resume-.cfm", "https://owl.english.purdue.edu/owl/resource/719/02/", "http://www.vpul.upenn.edu/careerservices/undergrad/resumes.php", "https://www.pongoresume.com/blogPosts/218/-should-i-put-my-gpa-on-my-resume-.cfm" ] }

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[ "Frederick Douglass.", "Frederick Douglass" ]

{ "is_selected": [ 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1 ], "passage_text": [ "Slave narratives by African slaves from North America were first published in England in the 18th century. They soon became the main form of African-American literature in the 19th century. Slave narratives were publicized by abolitionists, who sometimes participated as editors, or writers if slaves were not literate. Examples include: 1 A Narrative of the Most Remarkable Particulars in the Life of James Albert Ukawsaw Gronniosaw, an African Prince, by Ukawsaw Gronniosaw, Bath, England, 1772. 2 The Interesting Narrative and the life of Olaudah Equiano or Gustavus Vassa, the African, by Olaudah Equiano, London, 1789.", "Of these works, commonly known as slave narratives, Frederick Douglass’s Narrative of the Life of Frederick Douglass, an American Slave is nearly universally considered to be the most compelling and well written. The Narrative of the Life of Frederick Douglass was published with a preface written by William Lloyd Garrison, which was followed by a letter by Wendell Phillips. An immediate success, the Narrative of the Life of Frederick Douglass soon went through five American and three European editions.", "Frederick Douglass’ Narrative of the Life of Frederick Douglass: An American Slave, one of the finest nineteenth century slave narratives, is the autobiography of the most well-known African American of his time. The Narrative of the Life of Frederick Douglass was published with a preface written by William Lloyd Garrison, which was followed by a letter by Wendell Phillips. An immediate success, the Narrative of the Life of Frederick Douglass soon went through five American and three European editions.", "So did Frederick Douglass in the most eloquent and widely read of all the slave narratives. In Narrative of the Life of Frederick Douglass, An American Slave (1845), the twenty-seven-year-old, who had escaped at age twenty, left many unforgettable expressions of the meaning of slavery and freedom.", "5 Three articles focus sharply on gender differences between Douglass and Jacobs: Winifred Morgan's Gender-Related Difference in the Slave Narratives of Harriet Jacobs and Frederick Douglass in American Studies 35 (1994). Like all slave narratives, Jacobs’s and Douglass’s works embody the tension between the conflicting motives that generated autobiographies of slave life. An ironic factor in the production of these accounts can be noted in the generic title “Fugitive Slave Narrative” often given to such works.", "The slave narrative is a type of literary work that is made up of the written accounts of enslaved Africans in Great Britain and its colonies, including the later United States, Canada, and Caribbean nations. Examples include: 1 A Narrative of the Most Remarkable Particulars in the Life of James Albert Ukawsaw Gronniosaw, an African Prince, by Ukawsaw Gronniosaw, Bath, England, 1772. 2 The Interesting Narrative and the life of Olaudah Equiano or Gustavus Vassa, the African, by Olaudah Equiano, London, 1789.", "The genre achieves its most eloquent expression in Frederick Douglass’s 1845 Narrative of the Life of Frederick Douglass: an American Slave and Harriet Jacobs’s 1861 Incidents in the Life of a Slave Girl. Like all slave narratives, Jacobs’s and Douglass’s works embody the tension between the conflicting motives that generated autobiographies of slave life. An ironic factor in the production of these accounts can be noted in the generic title “Fugitive Slave Narrative” often given to such works.", "To present the reality of slavery, a number of former slaves, such as Harriet Tubman, Harriet Jacobs and Frederick Douglass, published accounts of their enslavement and their escapes to freedom. Lucy Delaney wrote an account that included the freedom suit waged by her mother in Missouri for their freedom. Examples include: 1 A Narrative of the Most Remarkable Particulars in the Life of James Albert Ukawsaw Gronniosaw, an African Prince, by Ukawsaw Gronniosaw, Bath, England, 1772. 2 The Interesting Narrative and the life of Olaudah Equiano or Gustavus Vassa, the African, by Olaudah Equiano, London, 1789.", "Born on a slave plantation near Columbia, S.C., in 1849, one of 15 children, Stroyer later became an African Methodist Episcopal minister in Salem, Mass. His 1898 autobiography, My Life in the South, provides vivid descriptions of childhood under slavery. ", "However, in the 21st century, we most remember him for his skills as a memoirist. Douglass’ autobiography, Narrative of the Life of Frederick Douglass, an American Slave, was a sensation upon its publication in 1845 and even now remains one of the most compelling chronicles of life under slavery in the United States. " ], "url": [ "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Slave_narrative", "http://www.enotes.com/topics/narrative-life", "http://www.enotes.com/topics/narrative-life", "https://www.gilderlehrman.org/history-by-era/literature-and-language-arts/essays/slave-narratives-genre-and-source", "http://nationalhumanitiescenter.org/tserve/freedom/1609-1865/essays/douglassjacobs.htm", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Slave_narrative", "http://nationalhumanitiescenter.org/tserve/freedom/1609-1865/essays/douglassjacobs.htm", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Slave_narrative", "http://class.uh.edu/gl/abol3.htm", "http://www.biography.com/news/frederick-douglass-autobiography-facts" ] }

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[ "It was in this context that the term Kulturkampf first appeared. The 1830s were years of liberal regeneretion and 12 cantons with liberal majorities enacted new constitutions with radical changes in the relationship between state and churches, especially putting education under government control." ]

{ "is_selected": [ 0, 1, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0 ], "passage_text": [ "Causes of the Kulturkampf. They are to be sought: (1) in the political party-life of Germany; (2) in the trend of ideas among the German people towards the middle of the nineteenth century; (3) in the general European policy of Bismarck after 1870. Soon the party began, in Prussia, as previously in Bavaria, to attack the Catholic ecclesiastical influence in the schools; politico-economical and social questions were also brought to the front apropos of the new and systematic legislation proposed.", "The German term Kulturkampf (help·info) (. [kʊlˈtuːɐ̯kampf] , literally culture struggle) refers to power struggles between emerging constitutional and democratic nation states and the Roman Catholic Church over the place and role of religion in modern polity, usually in connection with secularization campaigns. In fact, it was in this context that the term Kulturkampf first appeared. The 1830s were years of liberal regeneretion and 12 cantons with liberal majorities enacted new constitutions with radical changes in the relationship between state and churches, especially putting education under government control.", "The End of the Kulturkampf. The end of the Kulturkampf came ironically as a result of the same factor that had begun it: Bismarck's pragmatism. Bismarck had originally attacked the Church for a very practical political end: the weakening the Catholic Centrum. This had failed. Political Situation of the Catholic Party in Germany in 1870. Any examination of the Kulturkampf must begin by understanding the political context. Bismarck, always a great pragmatist, did not set off initially to get into a war with the Catholic Church.", "Political struggle for the rights and self-government of the Catholic Church in Germany. view scan. Kulturkampf, the name given to the political struggle for the rights and self-government of the Catholic Church, carried on chiefly in Prussia and afterwards in Baden, Hesse, and Bavaria. The contest was waged with great vigor from 1871 to 1877; from 1878 to 1891 it gradually calmed down. ", "In contemporary socio-political discussion, the term Kulturkampf (see also: culture war) is often used to describe any conflict between secular and religious authorities or deeply opposing values, beliefs between sizable factions within a nation, community, or other group. In fact, it was in this context that the term Kulturkampf first appeared. The 1830s were years of liberal regeneretion and 12 cantons with liberal majorities enacted new constitutions with radical changes in the relationship between state and churches, especially putting education under government control.", "The Kulturkampf in Italy is a very early example of the struggles between states and the Catholic Church; Italian liberals and democrats contributed substantially to the secularist project of modernity and had a strong effect on its own history. In fact, it was in this context that the term Kulturkampf first appeared. The 1830s were years of liberal regeneretion and 12 cantons with liberal majorities enacted new constitutions with radical changes in the relationship between state and churches, especially putting education under government control.", "Includes the Catholic Encyclopedia, Church Fathers, Summa, Bible and more all for only $19.99... The name given to the political struggle for the rights and self-government of the Catholic Church, carried out chiefly in Prussia and afterwards in Baden, Hesse, and Bavaria. The contest was waged with great vigour from 1871 to 1877; from 1878 to 1891 it gradually calmed down. Soon the party began, in Prussia, as previously in Bavaria, to attack the Catholic ecclesiastical influence in the schools; politico-economical and social questions were also brought to the front apropos of the new and systematic legislation proposed.", "In the decades before the Kulturkampf began, the 1850s and 1860s, there existed an extensive and entrenched current of anti-Jesuit paranoia, anti-Catholicism, anti-monasticism and anti-clericalism. In fact, it was in this context that the term Kulturkampf first appeared. The 1830s were years of liberal regeneretion and 12 cantons with liberal majorities enacted new constitutions with radical changes in the relationship between state and churches, especially putting education under government control.", "One of the most virulent and best known of these attacks on the Church was the German Kulturkampf (Cultural Struggle). The Kulturkampf refers to the efforts of Imperial Chancellor Otto von Bismarck to break the influence of the Roman Catholic Church in the newly established German Empire. Political Situation of the Catholic Party in Germany in 1870. Any examination of the Kulturkampf must begin by understanding the political context. Bismarck, always a great pragmatist, did not set off initially to get into a war with the Catholic Church.", "The Kulturkampf, also known as the battle for modern civilization, was a conflict between the Otto Von Bismarck, chancellor of the German Empire, and the Catholic Church. Bismarck was the main political person in the German Empire at the time and the consequences of the Kulturkampf were nor in his favor. The consequences of the Kulturkampf showed how disloyal Bismarck was, the churches could not be overcome, and it culturally split the northern and southern parts of the German Empire." ], "url": [ "http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/08703b.htm", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kulturkampf", "http://www.unamsanctamcatholicam.com/history/79-history/394-kulturkampf.html", "http://www.catholic.com/encyclopedia/kulturkampf", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kulturkampf", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kulturkampf", "http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/08703b.htm", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kulturkampf", "http://www.unamsanctamcatholicam.com/history/79-history/394-kulturkampf.html", "http://ibatpv.org/projects/germany/2ndreich/consequences_of_kulturkampfII.htm" ] }

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{ "is_selected": [ 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0 ], "passage_text": [ "Euroclear in most of Europe and Clearstream in Germany). CREST issues CDIs for each share of an eligible foreign stock-one CDI is the equivalent of one share of the underlying foreign stock. As a result, CDIs are an English law instrument which mean that trades in them can be settled through CREST like a regular share. However, it is worth noting that a CDI is traditionally not listed on the London Stock Exchange and are usually traded off-exchange.", "FAQs. A CREST Depository Interest (CDI) is a UK security that represents a stock traded on an exchange outside the UK. They offer a straightforward, cost-effective way to trade in a number of overseas stocks and are the main means of foreign dealing provided by a number of UK international stock brokers. Although the structure of the CDI means that the underlying stock is held in the name of CREST rather than in your name being on the register of shareholders, the same is true for most share ownership today.", "What are CDIs? A CDI is a financial product which is a unit of beneficial ownership in an underlying financial product which is quoted on the ASX market. A CDI confers a beneficial interest in the underlying financial product to which it relates.", "”) which is set out in Chapter 3. of the CREST International Manual. 1. The securities underlying CDIs are collectively defined as “International Securities” in the Deed Poll and can take the form of equity shares, eurobonds, domestic bonds and depository receipts. The term partner in relation to Linklaters LLP is used to refer to a member of Linklaters LLP or an employee or. consultant of Linklaters LLP or any of its affiliated firms or entities with equivalent standing and qualifications.", "A CREST Depository Interest (CDI) is a UK security that represents a stock traded on an exchange outside the UK. Although the structure of the CDI means that the underlying stock is held in the name of CREST rather than in your name being on the register of shareholders, the same is true for most share ownership today.", "The main advantage of the CDI is simply to make settlement of trades and custody of stocks easier for foreign securities. The broker doesn’t need to make any arrangements for this in the stock’s home country, but can simply rely on the CREST infrastructure in the same way they would for a UK stock. Although the structure of the CDI means that the underlying stock is held in the name of CREST rather than in your name being on the register of shareholders, the same is true for most share ownership today.", "This is the Crest Depository Interest (CDI). CDIs are issued through CREST (now Euroclear UK & Ireland). Only CREST participants can have an account with CREST. CREST participants are broadly financial intermediaries not individuals. This chain means that whatever deadline is imposed on shareholders, the deadline for ultimate CDI holders will be shortened by at least two days: one for CREST to give instructions to SIS and one for CREST participants to give instructions to CREST.", "Crest (usually written CREST) is a UK-based central securities depository that holds UK equities and UK gilts as well as Irish equities and other international securities. It was named after its securities settlement system, Crest, and has been owned and operated by Euroclear since 2002. Crest is a member of DTC. So once the securities have been transferred out of the original custodian's nominee name and into Crest's account in DTC, the securities have now been 'cross bordered' into the UK market as CDIs.", "Answer. A CREST Depository Interest (CDI) is a UK security that is designed to represent a stock traded on an exchange outside the UK. Under UK law, international shares cannot be transacted directly in CREST, so a CDI is created to facilitate trading in some foreign stocks and enable these to be settled through CREST. As a result, CDIs are an English law instrument which mean that trades in them can be settled through CREST like a regular share. However, it is worth noting that a CDI is traditionally not listed on the London Stock Exchange and are usually traded off-exchange." ], "url": [ "https://help.stockbrokers.barclays.co.uk/help/asset-types/cdi", "https://the-international-investor.com/investment-faq/crest-depository-interest-cdi", "http://www.asx.com.au/documents/settlement/CHESS_Depositary_Interests.pdf", "http://linklaters.com/pdfs/publications/CDIMemo.pdf", "https://the-international-investor.com/investment-faq/crest-depository-interest-cdi", "https://the-international-investor.com/investment-faq/crest-depository-interest-cdi", "http://www.eurotunnelgroup.com/uk/shareholders-and-investors/shareholder-guide/cdi/", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/CREST_Depositary_Interest", "https://help.stockbrokers.barclays.co.uk/help/asset-types/cdi" ] }

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[ "The Jain view of God enables Jainism to explain the evil and suffering that exists in the world without the intellectual difficulties faced by religions that have an omnipotent, wholly good, creator God at their heart." ]

{ "is_selected": [ 0, 1, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0 ], "passage_text": [ "There is no God of judgement. Jains do not believe in that sort of judgement. Jains believe that the goodness or quality of a being's life are determined by karma. Jains believe that karma is a physical process, and nothing to do with spiritual beings. Some writers regard the jinas as 'gods' because the jinas are venerated by Jains in the way that other faiths worship gods or God. Jains venerate them because they have achieved perfection, and have become liberated from the cycle of birth and death.", "God and the problem of evil. The Jain view of God enables Jainism to explain the evil and suffering that exists in the world without the intellectual difficulties faced by religions that have an omnipotent, wholly good, creator God at their heart. Some writers regard the jinas as 'gods' because the jinas are venerated by Jains in the way that other faiths worship gods or God. Jains venerate them because they have achieved perfection, and have become liberated from the cycle of birth and death.", "Jains do not believe in a God or gods in the way that many other religions do, but they do believe in divine (or at least perfect) beings who are worthy of devotion. Some writers regard the jinas as 'gods' because the jinas are venerated by Jains in the way that other faiths worship gods or God. Jains venerate them because they have achieved perfection, and have become liberated from the cycle of birth and death.", "This is in obvious contrast with the biblical belief that all people are made in the image of God and live once and then forever in either eternity with God or apart from Him (Hebrews 9:27). Like Hinduism and Buddhism, Jainism also believes in karma, the idea that what you do will be returned to you, either good or bad. Self-control and non-violence are taught as the means to obtain liberation from the world's suffering. Jainism comes from the Sanskrit word jin that means to conquer with the idea that adherents must defeat pleasures or temptations through self-control.", "Jains do not believe in any god or gods the way most other religions do. However they believe in perfect beings that are worthy of praise. The way Jains view the concept of god helps them explain the evil and suffering in the world. Whereas religions such as Christianity find having to explain evil as one of their toughest cases, Jains use evil to deny the existence of a god or holy spirit. These are also known as The 5 Vows. These are vows Jains must make and follow for their entire life. The 5 Mahavratas are non-violence, non-possesion, non-stealing, celibacy, and truth. These mean do no harm to anyone, do not be attached to possessions, do not steal, sexual restraint, and never lie.", "Jains believe that all people could become gods in the sense that they have to potential to become a perfect soul. There is no god to maintain the universe: Jains do not believe that any form of god is necessary to keep the universe in existence, or that any form of god has any power over the universe. There is no god of judgement: Jains do not believe in that sort of judgement. they believe that the quality of ones life is determined by karma instead of a spiritual being. -He was a jina who was meant to lead his followers through a path of enlightenment. Mahavira became a conqueror at the age of forty-two. At the age of 72 he died from a practice called Sallekhana which is where the participant starves themselves to death.", "Thus evil has its good side, and good has its evil side. Therefore good and evil go hand in hand. But ordinarily, wherever we find a preponderance of good over evil, we designate it good and the opposite as evil. Again, that which is sinful to one may be virtuous to another. Good and evil exists in our minds. According to the monistic philosophers of India, it is impossible to find anything absolutely good, or absolutely evil, in this world of relativity. That which we call good, is only one phase and the other is evil. When we ignore the one phase, we see the other phase all along.", "Jainism's explanation for having no god. 1 There have been arguments as to whether or not Jainism is a form of atheism. 2 This means that people who follow the Jainism religion do not believe that god exists because it can not be proven. 3 There is no God compared to whom each of us will always be inferior. -He was a jina who was meant to lead his followers through a path of enlightenment. Mahavira became a conqueror at the age of forty-two. At the age of 72 he died from a practice called Sallekhana which is where the participant starves themselves to death.", "Hinduism clearly identifies the difference between good and evil, but its definition of both is different from what we usually understand about them. According to Hindu scripture good or divinity is represented by purity (sattva), light, balance, immortality, order, virtue and selflessness. Karma accrues from both good and evil actions, but those actions which are performed as an offering to God with sacrificial attitude without desires, do not bind the beings. According the Upanishads, all the organs in the body are susceptible to evil, except breath." ], "url": [ "http://www.bbc.co.uk/religion/religions/jainism/beliefs/god.shtml", "http://www.bbc.co.uk/religion/religions/jainism/beliefs/god.shtml", "http://www.bbc.co.uk/religion/religions/jainism/beliefs/god.shtml", "http://www.compellingtruth.org/Jainism.html", "http://bmsjainism.weebly.com/beliefs.html", "http://schools.yrdsb.ca/markville.ss/history/religion/final_website.htm", "http://www.hinduism.co.za/goodand1.htm", "http://schools.yrdsb.ca/markville.ss/history/religion/final_website.htm", "http://www.hinduwebsite.com/hinduism/h_goodandevil.asp" ] }

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[ "In chemistry,a nitride is a compound of nitrogen where nitrogen has a formal oxidation state of −3." ]

{ "is_selected": [ 0, 0, 0, 1, 0, 0, 0, 0 ], "passage_text": [ "Nitriding. Gas nitriding is a surface hardening process, where nitrogen is added to the surface of steel parts using dissociated ammonia as the source. Gas nitriding develops a very hard case in a component at relatively low temperature, without the need for quenching. ", "Nitriding is a heat treating process that diffuses nitrogen into the surface of a metal to create a case-hardened surface. These processes are most commonly used on low-carbon, low-alloy steels. However, they are also used on medium and high-carbon steels, titanium, aluminum and molybdenum. In the plasma nitriding processes, nitrogen gas (N 2) is usually the nitrogen carrying gas. Other gasses like hydrogen or Argon are also used. Indeed, Argon and H 2 can be used before the nitriding process during the heating of the parts to clean the surfaces to be nitrided.", "Definition of NITRIDE. : a binary compound of nitrogen with a more electropositive element. ", "In chemistry, a nitride is a compound of nitrogen where nitrogen has a formal oxidation state of −3. Nitrides are a large class of compounds with a wide range of properties and applications. The nitride ion, N 3− , is never encountered in solution because it is so basic that it would be protonated. Its ionic radius is estimated to be 140 pm. Related to but distinct from nitride is pernitride, N 2 2− .", "nitride. (nī′trīd′). n. Trivalent nitrogen, or a compound of nitrogen, especially a binary compound of nitrogen with a more electropositive element. Noun. 1. nitride-a compound containing nitrogen and a more electropositive element (such as phosphorus or a metal). chemical compound, compound - (chemistry) a substance formed by chemical union of two or more elements or ingredients in definite proportion by weight. magnesium nitride-a nitride containing nitrogen and magnesium", "What You Should Know. BLACKNITRIDE™, or Ferritic Nitrocarburizing, is the thermochemical that simultaneously diffuses nitrogen and carbon into the surface of ferrous metals. During the process, a two-part surface layer is formed, an outer iron nitride layer with a nitrogen diffusion layer below it. During this treatment, nitrogen and carbon are absorbed by and diffused into the surface of the metal.", "Nitriding is a surface-hardening heat treatment that introduces nitrogen into the surface of steel at a temperature range (500 to 550°C, or 930 to 1020°F), while it is in the ferrite condition. Gas Nitriding Gas nitriding is a case-hardening process whereby nitrogen is introduced into the surface of a solid ferrous alloy by holding the metal at a suitable temperature in contact with a nitrogenous gas, usually ammonia. Quenching is not required for the production of a hard case.", "Nitriding is a surface-hardening heat treatment that introduces nitrogen into the surface of steel at a temperature range (500 to 550°C, or 930 to 1020°F), while it is in the ferrite condition. Plasma nitriding can also clean the surface by sputtering. Gas Nitriding Gas nitriding is a case-hardening process whereby nitrogen is introduced into the surface of a solid ferrous alloy by holding the metal at a suitable temperature in contact with a nitrogenous gas, usually ammonia." ], "url": [ "http://www.metlabheattreat.com/nitriding.html", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nitriding", "http://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/nitride", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nitride", "http://www.thefreedictionary.com/nitride", "http://blacknitride.com/whatis.html", "http://www.wisetool.com/designation/nitride.htm", "http://steel.keytometals.com/Articles/Art117.htm" ] }

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[ "behind the urinary bladder and above the prostate gland." ]

{ "is_selected": [ 0, 0, 1, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0 ], "passage_text": [ "Semen is the fluid produced by the male reproductive system to carry sperm. Seminal vesicles play a major role in the production of semen. This article discusses seminal vesicles and their contribution to semen production. Seminal vesicles are glands that produce 60% of the fluid found in semen. Seminal fluid from these glands contains sugar, prostaglandins, metals, and other components necessary to support the activity of sperm.", "Each vesicle forms as an outpocketing of the wall of the ampulla of one vas deferens. The seminal vesicles develop as one of three structures of the male reproductive system that develops at the junction between the urethra and vas deferens. About 70-85% of the seminal fluid in humans originates from the seminal vesicles, but is not expelled in the first ejaculate fractions which are dominated by spermatozoa and zinc-rich prostatic fluid.", "Confidence votes 35. The seminal vesicleis a male-specific structure which is about 2 inches or 5 centimeters long and is located behind the urinary bladder and above the prostate gland. The seminal vesiclesare also called glandulae vesiculosae or vesicular glands. The seminal vesicles are composed of a pair of simple tubular glands. ", "The seminal vesicles are convoluted pouch-like structures lying posterior to the base of the urinary bladder, in front of the rectum. They secrete an alkaline viscous fluid co … ntaining fructose, prostaglandins and fibrinogen that make up about 60% of the fluid volume of semen. The seminal vesicleis a male-specific structure which is about 2 inches or 5 centimeters long and is located behind the urinary bladder and above the prostate gland. The semin … al vesiclesare also called glandulae vesiculosae or vesicular glands. The seminal vesicles are composed of a pair of simple tubular glands", "Seminal vesicle. The seminal vesicles are paired, highly coiled, tubular structures located above the prostate and behind the urinary bladder. The seminal vesicles merge with vas deferens before debouching into the intra-prostatic urethra", "The seminal vesicles (Latin: glandulae vesiculosae), vesicular glands, or seminal glands, are a pair of simple tubular glands posteroinferior to the urinary bladder of some male mammals. Seminal vesicles are located within the pelvis. About 70-85% of the seminal fluid in humans originates from the seminal vesicles, but is not expelled in the first ejaculate fractions which are dominated by spermatozoa and zinc-rich prostatic fluid.", "Seminal vesicle: One of two structures that are about 5 cm long and are located behind the bladder and above the prostate gland. The seminal vesicles contribute fluid to the ejaculate. ", "Seminal gland. The seminal gland, more commonly referred to as the seminal vesicle, holds the liquid that mixes with sperm to form semen. Semen combines fluid elements from the epididymis, seminal vesicles, prostate gland, and vas deferens. Each body part plays a key role in semen production. This gland is located behind the bladder, above the prostate gland, and in front of the rectum. It is about two inches long, on average. This gland releases a fluid rich in sugars (especially fructose), which feeds the sperm. The fluid also has clotting properties that make the semen sticky" ], "url": [ "http://study.com/academy/lesson/seminal-vesicles-definition-function-quiz.html", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Seminal_vesicle", "http://www.answers.com/Q/What_is_the_seminal_vesicle", "http://www.answers.com/Q/Where_seminal_vesicles_are_located", "http://www.proteinatlas.org/learn/dictionary/normal/seminal+vesicle/anatomy+1", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Seminal_vesicle", "http://www.medicinenet.com/script/main/art.asp?articlekey=5448", "http://www.healthline.com/human-body-maps/seminal-vesicles" ] }

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[ "The alveolar type I and alveolar type II cell." ]

{ "is_selected": [ 1, 0, 0, 0, 0 ], "passage_text": [ "The alveolar epithelium comprises two main cell types: the alveolar type I and alveolar type II cell. The type I cell is a complex branched cell with multiple cytoplasmic plates that are greatly attenuated and relatively devoid of organelles; these plates represent the gas exchange surface in the alveolus.", "The respiratory epithelium is a physical and functional barrier actively involved in the clearance of environmental agents. The alveolar compartment is lined with membranous pneumocytes, known as type I alveolar epithelial cells (AEC I), and granular pneumocytes, type II alveolar epithelial cells (AEC II).", "Surfactant is a complex substance containing phospholipids and a number of apoproteins. This essential fluid is produced by the Type II alveolar cells, and lines the alveoli and smallest bronchioles. Surfactant reduces surface tension throughout the lung, thereby contributing to its general compliance.", "Surfactant. Surfactant is a complex substance containing phospholipids and a number of apoproteins. This essential fluid is produced by the Type II alveolar cells, and lines the alveoli and smallest bronchioles. Surfactant reduces surface tension throughout the lung, thereby contributing to its general compliance.", "Type II cells are more compact and are responsible for producing surfactant, a phospholipid which lines the alveoli and serves to differentially reduce surface tension at different volumes, contributing to alveolar stability. See Also: 1 Airway. 2 Alveolar pressure. 3 Dead space. 4 Emphysema." ], "url": [ "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6598039", "http://iai.asm.org/content/81/1/381.full", "http://oac.med.jhmi.edu/res_phys/Encyclopedia/Surfactant/Surfactant.HTML", "http://oac.med.jhmi.edu/res_phys/Encyclopedia/Surfactant/Surfactant.HTML", "http://oac.med.jhmi.edu/res_phys/Encyclopedia/Alveoli/Alveoli.HTML" ] }

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[ "Dussehra is a Hindu festival well known as Vijaya Dasami. The festival reminds the victory of good over evil. It is celebrated in memory of Lord Rama’s victory over Ravana, the demon king of Lanka." ]

{ "is_selected": [ 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1 ], "passage_text": [ "Dussehra, also known as Vijayadashmi, is a major Indian festival celebrated on the tenth day of Ashvin month according to the Hindu calendar. This day falls in the month of September or October.", "Dussehra is also called Vijayadashami and is celebrated as victory of Goddess Durga over the demon Mahisasura. The festival of Dussehra falls in the month of September or October of the English calendar.", "iImage Credit: PhotoXpress. Dussehra, also known as Vijayadashmi, is a major Indian festival celebrated on the tenth day of Ashvin month according to the Hindu calendar. This day falls in the month of September or October. The day culminates a 9 day fasting period of Navratri in the Hindu culture.", "Dussehra is a widely celebrated festival of India and is prevalently known as Vijayadashmi. The exuberant and vibrant festivities of Dussehra are celebrated in many different ways across India based on the various regional and cultural legends attached with it, since India is a magical land of diversities.", "One of the major Hindu festivals celebrated in our country is Dussehra. Throughout the country people celebrate the festival in their own unique ways. It is preceded by nine days of Navratri celebration that is replete with zeal and enthusiasm, and the 10 th day is celebrated a", "The festival of Dussehra has been considered to symbolise the celebration of good over evil while marking the Hindu god Rama's victory over the demon king Ravan to rescue his abducted wife Sita. It is celebrated by millions of citizens across the country, which is also called as Dasara or Dashain in different places.", "Diwali is celebrated exactly 20 days after Dussehra is celebrated, which is usually in the month of October or November. According to the Hindu epic Ramayana, Dussehra is … the day that celebrates a victory of good over evil: marking the day Lord Ram killed the evil king of Lanka, Ravan.", "Dussehra (Vijaya Dashami, Dasara, or Dashain) is a Hindu festival that celebrates the victory of good over evil. It is a gazetted holiday in India, which is marked on the 10th day of the bright half (Shukla Paksha) of the month of Ashvin (Ashwayuja), according to the Hindu calendar.", "Dussehra is a Hindu festival well known as Vijaya Dasami. The festival reminds the victory of good over evil. It is celebrated in memory of Lord Rama’s victory over Ravana, the demon king of Lanka. The ceremony begins on the tenth day after Navratri that is in the month of September or October throughout India." ], "url": [ "http://www.calendarlabs.com/holidays/india/dussehra.php", "http://www.indiaparenting.com/indian-culture/70_4260/importance-and-celebration-of-dussehra.html", "http://www.calendarlabs.com/holidays/india/dussehra.php", "http://festivals.awesomeji.com/dussehra/", "http://www.thebrunettediaries.com/why-we-celebrate-navratri-and-dussehra-in-india/", "http://www.ibtimes.co.in/dussehra-2015-why-how-it-celebrated-650638", "http://www.answers.com/Q/Why_is_Dussehra_celebrated", "http://www.timeanddate.com/holidays/india/dussehra", "http://www.whydowecelebrate.com/why-do-we-celebrate-dussehra/" ] }

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[ "First, in order to make it easier to access the backside of the front bumper, I removed the little fascia between the bumper and grill. It is simply held on by 2 plastic screws in grommets. Simply unscrew them and pop out the fascia. Then it's time to remove the lower plastic air dam under the bumper." ]

{ "is_selected": [ 1, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0 ], "passage_text": [ "First, in order to make it easier to access the backside of the front bumper, I removed the little fascia between the bumper and grill. It is simply held on by 2 plastic screws in grommets. Simply unscrew them and pop out the fascia. Then it's time to remove the lower plastic air dam under the bumper. I found a good deal on a brush guard on Craigslist but to install it, the removal of the plastic BS was necessary. Therefore, I decided to take my time and do a step-by-step on the removal of the front bumper so you can see what it looks like in case you want to install a bull bar, brush guard, or new bumper.", "Instructions. Park the Jeep JK on a clean, level surface. Get on your back and slide under the front end of the Jeep. Locate the bolts that connect the bump's arms to the frame, in the center of the bumper on the right and left sides. Locate the hooks that come through the bumper on each end of the bumper if the Jeep model has them. Pull the hooks off the frame and away from the bumper. Loosen the eight bolts securing the front bumper to the frame of the Jeep, using the ratchet set. Have your assistant hold the front bumper as you completely remove the securing bolts", "It's not too hard. You need to get under the bumper from the back side and disconnect fog lights if you have them. Then loosen the 8 bolts on the back side. (can't remember the size). It pops off after that and then you can try to pop the dent out. The ends are sealed, so you'll have to cut a hole in the back somewhere", "Classifieds. My Jeeps. You can replace just the plastic which I would consider the cover since it covers the actual steel bumper. You take off the 8 nuts that hold the bumper to the jeep, then you take out the fog lights and remove 2 bolts per side that hold the plastic to the metal. I took mine apart to cut the metal down to the width of the frame rails then I threw all the plastic junk in the trash", "2007-2013 Jeep Wrangler JK Front Bumper Rev 00 Page 6 7. Cover the front of your Jeep and cut @ the lines you just marked. 2007-2013 Jeep Wrangler JK Front Bumper Rev 00 Page 7 8. The vacuum pump will need to be relocated. Remove OEM nuts holding on vacuum pump and lower the vacuum pump. Do not remove any connections. Mark front of bracket 1” from frame (orange arrow). Cover front of Jeep and trim bracket. 2007-2013 Jeep Wrangler JK Front Bumper Rev 00 Page 3 2. Using Phillips head screwdriver, remove 2 plastic clips from back of OEM “skid plate.” 3. Unplug OEM fog lights. 2007-2013 Jeep Wrangler JK Front Bumper Rev 00 Page 4 4. Using 18mm socket and ratchet, remove eight OEM bumper nuts.", "I recently purchased a 2012 wrangler 4 door and my spouse hit the garage with the front bumper. The only damage to the bumper is scratches on the plastic surface. I ordered and have received the front bumper cover, with fog light cut outs, but have been unable to find instructions on how to replace the cover only. I have been able to find instructions on replacing the whole bumper but not the cov", "Save. The front bumpers on a Jeep Wrangler JK are secured to the frame of the Jeep from the center mounting points on the center of the bumper. In the center of the bumper are two arms that connect the ends of metal frame to the bumper; the bumper is mounted to the frame by four bolts on each arm. Pull the hooks off the frame and away from the bumper. Loosen the eight bolts securing the front bumper to the frame of the Jeep, using the ratchet set. Have your assistant hold the front bumper as you completely remove the securing bolts", "Jeep Wrangler 2007-2015, Front Bumper Cover by Replace®. The bumper cover is the outermost and only visible part of the bumper assembly, and may suffer impact damage in even a minor collision. A damaged bumper cover will disfigure your vehicle and detract from the resale value. ", "To get to these remove 2 bolts from each side on the back of bumper beam and separate the cover and beam. Remove 2 fasteners from the frame cover in front of the grille and remove it. Now is a good time to trim the splashshield because you can get to it easily. Remove 4 fasteners in the front of the splashshield and let it rotate toward the floor and the rear of your JK. Remove 4 nuts from the back of the frame rails that hold the bumper on. These are located 2 on the outside of the rail and 2 on the inside of each side." ], "url": [ "http://www.wranglerforum.com/f274/jk-front-bumper-removal-tutorial-133532.html", "http://www.ehow.com/how_6755015_remove-bumper-cover-wrangler-jk.html", "http://www.jeepforum.com/forum/f96/remove-replace-plastic-front-bumper-cover-924821/", "http://www.jeepforum.com/forum/f96/front-bumper-cover-replacement-1256031/", "http://hammerheadarmor.com/wp-content/uploads/2007-2013-Jeep-Wrangler-JK-FRONT-BUMPER.pdf", "http://www.wranglerforum.com/f274/replacing-front-bumper-cover-on-2012-wrangler-187313.html", "http://www.ehow.com/how_6755015_remove-bumper-cover-wrangler-jk.html", "http://www.carid.com/2007-jeep-wrangler-bumpers/replace-front-bumper-cover-9054698.html", "http://www.autotrucktoys.com/jeep-accessories/article-install-front-tube-bumper.aspx" ] }

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[ "Performed on samples of blood, semen, urine, saliva, stool, body tissues, bone, or hair." ]

{ "is_selected": [ 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1, 0, 0, 0 ], "passage_text": [ "1 If you are pregnant, tests are available that can detect some types of abnormalities in your baby's genes. 2 Down syndrome and trisomy 18 are two genetic disorders that are often screened for as part of prenatal genetic testing. 3 Newborn screening. 4 This is the most common type of genetic testing. 1 This type of genetic testing is important because if results show there's a disorder such as congenital hypothyroidism or phenylketonuria (PKU), care and treatment can begin right away. 2 Preimplantation testing.", "1 Diagnostic testing can be performed at any time during a person's life, but is not available for all genes or all genetic conditions. 2 The results of a diagnostic test can influence a person's choices about health care and the management of the disease. 1 If both parents are tested, the test can provide information about a couple's risk of having a child with a genetic condition like cystic fibrosis. 2 Preimplantation genetic diagnosis: Genetic testing procedures that are performed on human embryos prior to the implantation as part of an in vitro fertilization procedure.", "Genetic testing, also known as DNA testing, allows the genetic diagnosis of vulnerabilities to inherited diseases, and can also be used to determine a child's parentage (genetic mother and father) or in general a person's ancestry or biological relationship between people. 1 If both parents are tested, the test can provide information about a couple's risk of having a child with a genetic condition like cystic fibrosis. 2 Preimplantation genetic diagnosis: Genetic testing procedures that are performed on human embryos prior to the implantation as part of an in vitro fertilization procedure.", "1 Preimplantation genetic diagnosis: Genetic testing procedures that are performed on human embryos prior to the implantation as part of an in vitro fertilization procedure. 2 Pre-implantation testing is used when individuals try to conceive a child through in vitro fertilization. 1 If both parents are tested, the test can provide information about a couple's risk of having a child with a genetic condition like cystic fibrosis. 2 ", "1 Pharmacogenetics. 2 If you have a particular health condition or disease, this type of genetic testing may help determine what medication and dosage will be most effective and beneficial for you. 3 Prenatal testing. 4 If you are pregnant, tests are available that can detect some types of abnormalities in your baby's genes. 1 This type of genetic testing is important because if results show there's a disorder such as congenital hypothyroidism or phenylketonuria (PKU), care and treatment can begin right away. 2 Preimplantation testing.", "Genetic testing is a personal choice. Blood tests for some of the more common genetic diseases may be performed on a woman and her partner before a pregnancy if they wish to know if they are carriers. Many times, genetic testing is done first on the woman and only done on the partner if the woman is a carrier.", "Genetic Test. Guide. A genetic test examines the DNA (deoxyribonucleic acid) of a person's cells. Genetic testing can identify changes in genes or can analyze the number, arrangement, and characteristics of the chromosomes. Testing may be performed on samples of blood, semen, urine, saliva, stool, body tissues, bone, or hair. ", "First trimester screening is a combination of fetal ultrasound and maternal blood testing performed during the first trimester of pregnancy. This screening process can help to determine the risk of the fetus having certain birth defects. Screening tests may be used alone or in combination with other tests. Screening is usually performed by taking a sample of the mother's blood between the 15th and 20th weeks of pregnancy (16th to 18th is ideal). The multiple markers include: Alpha-fetoprotein screening (AFP). This blood test measures the level of alpha-fetoprotein in the mothers' blood during", "Anatomical Pathology. The most common test in anatomical pathology is the biopsy, which involves removing cells or tissue from the body in order to examine it for the presence of disease. A biopsy may be performed with or without anesthesia, depending on the location of the tissue or cells to be extracted. ", "The most commonly performed genetic testing procedures in the second trimester are: 1 Maternal serum alpha-fetoprotein screening (MSAFP). 2 This is a simple non-invasive screening test of your blood, usually performed at 16 to 18 weeks, that examines levels of alpha-fetoprotein, a protein that the baby produces. " ], "url": [ "http://www.mayoclinic.org/tests-procedures/genetic-testing/basics/why-its-done/PRC-20014802", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Genetic_testing", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Genetic_testing", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Genetic_testing", "http://www.mayoclinic.org/tests-procedures/genetic-testing/basics/why-its-done/PRC-20014802", "https://labtestsonline.org/understanding/wellness/pregnancy/pre-conception/genetic/", "http://www.webmd.com/baby/genetic-test", "http://www.stanfordchildrens.org/en/topic/default?id=common-tests-during-pregnancy-85-P01241", "http://www.mountsinai.org/patient-care/service-areas/pathology/common-tests", "http://www.everydayhealth.com/pregnancy/pregnancy-over-age-35.aspx" ] }

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[ "Black Sea Chemistry. But 650 feet below the surface of the Black Sea, there is no oxygen in the water for the wood bores to breathe, says Ballard. He compared the sea to a giant bathtub, with steep sides and no drain.Because the water of the Black Sea is very still, oxygen doesn’t circulate to the bottom." ]

{ "is_selected": [ 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1, 0, 0 ], "passage_text": [ "The surplus of water therefore flows through the Bosphorus into the Marmara Sea. Thus two flows through the straits are formed. The upper flow leaves the Black Sea and carries surface water out of it. Meanwhile a bottom flow carries salt water, about 35‰ from the Mediterranean to the Black Sea. The salty water mixes with the waters of the basin proper and that results in a comparatively low salinity at the surface, about 17,5 – 18‰.", "That prevents penetration of oxygen to the deeper regions of the Black Sea, there is no oxygen below 200 meters. Marine animals and algae can not live in the anoxic zone of Black Sea, that water is inhabited by anaerobic bacteria which disintegrate sinking remains of the upper layer marine life. Black Sea is surrounded by land, still it is not a lake since Bosporus and Dardanelles Straits connect it to the Mediterranean Sea. Many big rivers fall into the Black Sea, making the salinity of its surface water half that of the ocean: 17.", "The Black Sea has a positive water balance; that is, a net outflow of water 300 km 3 (72 cu mi) per year through the Bosphorus and the Dardanelles into the Aegean Sea. Mediterranean water flows into the Black Sea as part of a two-way hydrological exchange. The Black Sea is a marginal sea and is the world's largest body of water with a meromictic basin. The deep waters do not mix with the upper layers of water that receive oxygen from the atmosphere. As a result, over 90% of the deeper Black Sea volume is anoxic water.", "The Black Sea is a sea between Southeastern Europe and Western Asia. It is bounded by Europe, Anatolia and the Caucasus, and drains through the Mediterranean into the Atlantic Ocean, via the Aegean Sea and various straits. The Black Sea is a marginal sea and is the world's largest body of water with a meromictic basin. The deep waters do not mix with the upper layers of water that receive oxygen from the atmosphere. As a result, over 90% of the deeper Black Sea volume is anoxic water.", "There is another side to the story, however. Though nearly 90% of the 700-mile-long, up to one-and-a-half-mile-deep Black Sea is considered a zero-oxygen “dead zone” — containing more poisonous hydrogen sulfide than any other water body in the world — it is not all man’s fault. Leg 1 (April 15 – April 25) focuses on the southwest Black Sea. The primary goal of this research leg is to do 3-D mapping of the Bosporus plume with detailed chemistry data. The figure above shows seven transects with three stations each at the following water depths: 300 meters, 500 meters, 1750 meters.", "Black Sea Chemistry. But 650 feet below the surface of the Black Sea, there is no oxygen in the water for the wood bores to breathe, says Ballard. He compared the sea to a giant bathtub, with steep sides and no drain. Because the water of the Black Sea is very still, oxygen doesn’t circulate to the bottom. The Black Sea, he says, is the perfect environment for preserving shipwrecks. The researchers predict there are perhaps hundreds still to be found.", "The Black Sea is also connected to the Sea of Azov by the Strait of Kerch. The Black Sea has an area of 436,400 km 2 (168,500 sq mi) (not including the Sea of Azov), a maximum depth of 2,212 m (7,257 ft), and a volume of 547,000 km 3 (131,000 cu mi). The Black Sea is a marginal sea and is the world's largest body of water with a meromictic basin. The deep waters do not mix with the upper layers of water that receive oxygen from the atmosphere. As a result, over 90% of the deeper Black Sea volume is anoxic water.", "Some possibilities include: 1. The Black Sea was given that name because the lack of oxygen in the water prevents the development of microorganisms, making it appear black. 2. It was called the Black sea because it was a Sea of Death. " ], "url": [ "http://www.blackseascene.net/content/content.asp?menu=0040032_000000", "http://blacksea-education.ru/blacksea.shtml", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Black_Sea", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Black_Sea", "http://www.ceoe.udel.edu/blacksea/research/index.html", "http://abcnews.go.com/Technology/story?id=119824", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Black_Sea", "http://www.answers.com/Q/Why_is_the_Black_Sea_named_the_Black_Sea" ] }

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[ "Circling sea" ]

{ "is_selected": [ 0, 0, 1, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0 ], "passage_text": [ "The Welsh surname is derived from the Old Welsh personal name Morcant, which is of an uncertain origin. The Irish surname is an amalgamation of this Welsh surname, which was brought to Ireland in the Middle Ages, and several Gaelic surnames, most notably O ó. Muireagain Muireagáin the scottish surname is of an. uncertain origin The Scottish surname is of an uncertain origin. It may, however, be derived from a Gaelic cognate of the Welsh Morcant already mentioned. Ultimately, Morgan's origins are Celtic.", "MORGAN Surname Meaning & Origin: Morgan as a surname is derived from the given name Morgan, from mor, the sea, and gan, meaning born. Morgan is the 62nd most popular surname in the United States and the 39th most common surname in England. Surname Origin: Welsh. Alternate Surname Spellings: MORGEN, MORGAIN, MORGAINE. ", "Morgan /mor-gan/ [2 sylls.] as a boys' name (also used more widely as girls' name Morgan) is pronounced MOR-gan. It is of Welsh origin, and the meaning of Morgan is circling sea. Also possibly (Welsh) great brightness or (Old English) bright or white sea dweller. ", "Irish Meaning: The name Morgan is an Irish baby name. In Irish the meaning of the name Morgan is: Fighter of the sea. Shakespearean Meaning: The name Morgan is a Shakespearean baby name. In Shakespearean the meaning of the name Morgan is: Cymbeline' The disguised identity of Belarius, a banished lord. Welsh Meaning: The name Morgan is a Welsh baby name. In Welsh the meaning of the name Morgan is: Bright sea. Dwells near the sea.", "Morgan /mor-gan/ [2 sylls.] as a girls' name (also used less commonly as boys' name Morgan) is pronounced MOR-gen. Morgan is a very prominent first name for women (#576 out of 4276, Top 13%) and also a very prominent surname for all people (#62 out of 150436, Top 1%).", "It is also frequently used in Brittany, where it is traditionally a male name. The male and female names may not be the same name in origin. The male name is a descendant of Old Welsh Morcant, possibly derived from mor (meaning sea) and cant (meaning circle), with the meaning sea chief or sea defender. ", "Meaning & History. From the Old Welsh masculine name Morcant, which was possibly derived from Welsh mor sea and cant circle. Since the 1980s in America Morgan has been more common for girls than boys, perhaps due to stories of Morgan le Fay or the fame of actress Morgan Fairchild (1950-). Related Names. See All Relations.", "It is of Welsh and Old English origin, and the meaning of Morgan is circling sea or great brightness; bright or white sea dweller. The given meanings suggest the magical machinations of King Arthur's jealous sister, Morgan le Fay. Morgan is a very prominent first name for women (#576 out of 4276, Top 13%) and also a very prominent surname for all people (#62 out of 150436, Top 1%).", "The surname Morgan has several different origins. The Welsh surname is derived from the Old Welsh personal name Morcant, which is of an uncertain origin. The Irish surname is an amalgamation of this Welsh surname, which was brought to Ireland in the Middle Ages, and several Gaelic surnames, most notably O ó. muireagain muireagáin The Scottish surname is of an uncertain origin. It may, however, be derived from a Gaelic cognate of the Welsh Morcant already mentioned. Ultimately, Morgan's origins are Celtic." ], "url": [ "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Morgan_(surname)", "http://genealogy.about.com/od/surname_meaning/p/morgan.htm", "http://www.thinkbabynames.com/meaning/1/Morgan", "http://www.sheknows.com/baby-names/name/morgan", "http://www.thinkbabynames.com/meaning/0/Morgan", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Morgan_%28given_name%29", "http://www.behindthename.com/name/morgan-1", "http://www.thinkbabynames.com/meaning/0/Morgan", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Morgan_(surname)" ] }

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[ "30-60 breaths per minute. " ]

{ "is_selected": [ 0, 0, 0, 1, 0, 0, 0, 0 ], "passage_text": [ "From birth to six months of age, a baby's normal breathing rate is 30 to 60 breaths per minute; after the age of six months, breathing typically slows to 24 to 30 breaths per minute.", "For children from the age of one to five years old, normal respiration is 20 to 30 breaths per minute, while children who are from six to twelve years old should have a normal respiratory rate that ranges from 12 to 20 breaths per minute.", "Infants often have a normally irregular respiratory rhythm, so count their respiratory rate for 1 full minute, preferably while the infant is calm or asleep (for the most accurate rate). A normal respiratory rate for this age group is between 30 and 60 breaths per minute.", "In general, children have faster respiratory rates than adults, and women breathe more often than men. The normal ranges for different age groups are listed below: 1 Newborn: 30-60 breaths per minute. 2 Infant (1 to 12 months): 30-60 breaths per minute. 3 Toddler (1-2 years): 24-4", "A newborn's normal breathing rate is about 40 breaths per minute, and slows to as low as 20 when the baby is sleeping. Rapid breathing is more than 60 breaths per minute.", "1 The patient's normal range should always be taken into consideration. 2 Heart rate, BP & respiratory rate are expected to increase during times of fever or stress. 3 Respiratory rate on infants should be counted for a full 60 seconds. 4 In a clinically decompensating child, the blood pressure will be the last to change.", "Definition. Respiratory rate (also known as ventilation rate, respiration rate, breathing rate, pulmonary ventilation rate, breathing frequency, and respiratory frequency or Rf) = the number of breaths a person takes during one minute. It is usually measured at rest, while sitting.", "A normal respiratory rate for a toddler is between 25 and 30 breaths per minute; for children between the ages of 3 and 6 years, it averages between 21 and 24; and for children between the ages of 6 and 10 years, it averages 19 to 20." ], "url": [ "http://www.wisegeek.org/what-is-a-normal-respiratory-rate.htm", "http://www.wisegeek.org/what-is-a-normal-respiratory-rate.htm", "http://atitesting.com/ati_next_gen/skillsmodules/content/physical-assessment-child/equipment/ap_respiratory.html", "http://lungcancer.about.com/od/Respiratory-System-Function/a/Normal-Respiratory-Rate.htm", "http://www.answers.com/Q/What_is_the_normal_respiration_rate_in_infants", "http://www.rnceus.com/psvt/psvtvs.html", "http://www.normalbreathing.com/index-rate.php", "http://atitesting.com/ati_next_gen/skillsmodules/content/physical-assessment-child/equipment/ap_respiratory.html" ] }

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[ "News app" ]

{ "is_selected": [ 0, 0, 1, 0, 0, 0, 0 ], "passage_text": [ "BuzzFeed has also released a number of interesting statistics related to its iOS app. The app has been downloaded over 350,000 times worldwide and on average, users spend approximately four to five minutes browsing the app per session.", "The BuzzFeed app is best way to stay up to date with the latest viral videos, images, links, and buzz while on the go.", "The BuzzFeed News app is creating quite a buzz among Android handset users as it recently hit Google Play. In its aim to offer its mobile audience an accessible, easy and interesting way to quickly catch up with the current events across the globe, BuzzFeed launched its news app for Android users.", "BuzzFeed is an American internet news media company. It describes itself as the social news and entertainment company. . . redefining online advertising with its social, content-driven publishing technology.", "What motivated BuzzFeed to come up with a mobile app, according to Ishmael, is the fact that 25 million people visiting BuzzFeed News monthly do so through their mobile devices. The app lets users select which topics they get alerts on. It also comes with a ‘do not disturb’ mode that pauses notifications.", "Tags: Android, Buzzfeed, BuzzFeed, iOS, Mobile, news app, top-stories. Image Credit: BuzzFeed. BuzzFeed is launching a mobile news app that focuses on supplying quick, digestible bits of information to contextualize the top stories of the hour. The BuzzFeed News app will be rolling out to iOS devices this morning. The company plans to launch an Android version this fall.", "Publisher's Description. From BuzzFeed: The BuzzFeed app is best way to stay up to date with the latest viral videos, images, links, and buzz while on the go. Features the BuzzFeed.com front page, most Viral posts, as well as LOL, WTF, OMG, Cute, Geeky, and Trashy Feeds." ], "url": [ "http://mobilesyrup.com/2015/09/28/buzzfeeds-mobile-news-app-lands-on-android/", "http://www.amazon.co.uk/BuzzFeed-Inc/dp/B0064RDTMO", "http://www.techtimes.com/articles/89548/20151001/buzzfeed-news-app-arrives-for-android-to-help-you-catch-up-with-the-internet-s-latest-buzz.htm", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/BuzzFeed", "http://www.techtimes.com/articles/89548/20151001/buzzfeed-news-app-arrives-for-android-to-help-you-catch-up-with-the-internet-s-latest-buzz.htm", "http://venturebeat.com/2015/06/18/buzzfeed-launches-its-curated-news-app-on-ios-and-android/", "http://download.cnet.com/BuzzFeed/3000-2164_4-75617729.html" ] }

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[ "To transport oxygen away from the lungs and around the body; and CO2 from the body cells to the lungs,to transport nutrients such as glucose and amino acids from the digestive system to the cells in our bodies." ]

{ "is_selected": [ 0, 1, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0 ], "passage_text": [ "The oxygenation of blood is the function of the erythrocytes (red blood cells) and takes place in the lungs. The sequence of events of the blood becoming oxygenated (in the lungs) then oxygenating the tissues (in the body) is as follows: 1 The Right Ventricle (of the heart) sends de-oxygenated blood to", "The functions of the blood are: 1 to transport oxygen away from the lungs and around the body; and CO2 from the body cells to the lungs. 2 to transport nutrients such as glucose and amino acids from the digestive system to the cells in our bodies.", "Normally, 7-8% of human body weight is from blood. In adults, this amounts to 4.5-6 quarts of blood. This essential fluid carries out the critical functions of transporting oxygen and nutrients to our cells and getting rid of carbon dioxide, ammonia, and other waste products.", "The major functions are: Red Cells-Carry Oxygen and Carbon Dioxide from the cells throughout the body White Cells-Defend … the body from bacteria, germs, and toxins Plasma-Carry nutrients throughout the body Platelet-Major part in clotting blood and repairing blood vessel walls.", "The primary function of red blood cells, or erythrocytes, is to carry oxygen from the lungs to the body tissues and carbon dioxide as a waste product, away from the tissues and back to the lungs. Hemoglobin (Hgb) is an important protein in the red blood cells that carries oxygen from the lungs to all parts of our body.", "Red blood cells supply oxygen to the tissues and organs of the body. A diagram showing different types of white blood cells. One empty and one full pint-sized blood bag. The different elements that make up blood are visible under a microscope. Clotting is one function of blood.", "Overall, blood performs the following functions: 1. Transports oxygen from the lungs to body tissues and transports the waste products of cellular metabolism and nutri … ents, hormones and enzymes. 2. Regulates blood clotting, body temperature, acid-base balance, water and electrolytes.", "Blood is made up of a number of types of cells: 1 Plasma: Plasma is a straw-coloured fluid in which blood cells are suspended. 2 It is made up of approximately 90% water as well as electrolytes such as sodium and potassium and proteins. 3 Red Blood Cells (Erythrocytes): The main function of red blood cells is to carry oxygen.", "Red corpuscles of the blood carry out this function of carryingthe oxygen. (c) Blood carries away the waste materials that are formed in the tissues to the kidneys, lungs and the skin from where they are thrown out. (d) Besides the functions given above, blood serves another important purpose, that of defence." ], "url": [ "http://www.ivyroses.com/HumanBody/Blood/Blood_StructureandFunctions.php", "http://www.answers.com/Q/What_are_the_six_functions_of_blood", "http://anthro.palomar.edu/blood/blood_components.htm", "http://www.answers.com/Q/List_seven_important_functions_of_blood", "http://www.urmc.rochester.edu/encyclopedia/content.aspx?ContentTypeID=90&ContentID=P02316", "http://www.wisegeekhealth.com/what-are-the-functions-of-blood.htm", "http://www.answers.com/Q/What_are_the_six_functions_of_blood", "http://www.teachpe.com/anatomy/blood.php", "http://www.answers.com/Q/What_are_the_six_functions_of_blood" ] }

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[ "Yes" ]

{ "is_selected": [ 0, 0, 0, 1, 0, 0 ], "passage_text": [ "Deoxyribose is found in DNA (aka: deoxyribonucleic acid). Ribose is found in RNA (aka: ribonucleic acid. They are very similar sugars, but they differ in the group attached to the second carbon--deoxyribose lacks a hydroxyl group at that position. d. contain phosphate groups. CORRECT-both DNA and RNA contain phosphate groups e. are single-stranded molecules. INCORRECT-DNA is typically double stranded (in the form of a double helix). RNA is a single-stranded molecule. Both DNA and RNA a. contain the same four types of nitrogen-containing bases. b. cannot both be present in a cell simultaneously. c. have the same five-carbon sugars. d. contain phosphate groups.", "DNA and RNA are composed of nucleotides that are linked to one another in a chain by chemical bonds, called ester bonds, between the sugar base of one nucleotide and the phosphate group of the adjacent nucleotide. The sugar is the 3' end, and the phosphate is the 5' end of each nucleiotide. The sugar-phosphate backbone forms the structural framework of nucleic acids, including DNA and RNA. This backbone is composed of alternating sugar and phosphate groups, and defines directionality of the molecule.", "Both ! Both are made of nucleotides: phosphate-ribose-nucleic acid. The strands are made by the linkage of phosphates on riboses: P-ribose-P-ribose-P-ribose-P-ribose-etc. … The difference between DNA and RNA is that the ribose molecule is dehydrated (DNA) or not (RNA). DNA means DeoxyriboNucleic Acid RNA means RiboNucleic Acid. 3 people found this useful. Yes, in both DNA & RNA are made up of a phosphate group, a 5-carbon sugar, and a nitrogenous ring (either A,T,C,G or U).", "Like DNA, RNA is composed of its phosphate group, five-carbon sugar (the less stable ribose), and four nitrogen-containing nucleobases: adenine, uracil (not thymine), guanine, and cytosine. RNA folding in on itself into a hairpin loop. In both molecules, the nucleobases are attached to their sugar-phosphate backbone. ", "RNA nucleotides are defined by the sugar ribose, and contain a slightly different set of nitrogenous bases: adenine, guanine, cytosine, and uracil. RNA molecules do not contain thymine. Unlike DNA, RNA is usually present in a single-stranded form. DNA contains deoxyribose nucleotides while RNA contains ribose nucleotides. DNA is more stable than RNA because of the reduction in reactive oxygen atoms. A 5-carbon sugar (ribose or deoxyribose) forms the central molecule in a nucleotide.", "Both DNA and RNA contain a sugar phosphate group as the backbone to their structure. In DNA the sugar is deoxyribose, where as in RNA it is just ribose. Answer by Pikathulu. Confidence votes 61. Both ! Both are made of nucleotides: phosphate-ribose-nucleic acid. The strands are made by the linkage of phosphates on riboses: P-ribose-P-ribose-P-ribose-P-ribose-etc. The difference between DNA and RNA is that the ribose molecule is dehydrated (DNA) or not (RNA). DNA means DeoxyriboNucleic Acid" ], "url": [ "https://answers.yahoo.com/question/index?qid=20071006135729AAfDBRA", "http://www.nature.com/scitable/definition/phosphate-backbone-273", "http://www.answers.com/Q/Does_RNA_contain_a_phosphate_group_like_DNA", "http://www.diffen.com/difference/DNA_vs_RNA", "https://dlc.dcccd.edu/biology1-3/nucleic-acid", "http://www.answers.com/Q/What_contains_phosphate_DNA_or_RNA" ] }

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[ "Yes" ]

{ "is_selected": [ 0, 0, 0, 1, 0, 1, 0, 0, 0, 0 ], "passage_text": [ "The Corporations Act in s286(1) states that a company must keep written financial records that: 1 correctly record and explain its transactions and financial position and performance, and. 2 would enable true and fair financial statements to be prepared and audited. Here are some of the basic financial records that accountants might expect a company to keep: 1 Financial Statements. 2 Profit & Loss accounts (see Note 1). 3 Balance Sheets. 4 Depreciation Schedules.", "While some business owners prefer manual record keeping systems, most businesses use an electronic record keeping system-making it easier to capture information, generate reports and meet tax and legal reporting requirements. Your business may require more than one software program to meet all of your tax and legal needs, so it's important to: 1 seek advice from your accountant or financial adviser before purchasing software for record keeping. 2 check which accounting software is tax compliant on the Australian Taxation Office website.", "Record keeping is a legal requirement. By law you must keep business records for at least five years, either on paper or electronically. They must be in English or in a form that can easily be converted. If you don't keep the right tax records, you can incur penalties. Tip. Keep your records electronically, using accounting software approved by the ATO. It takes more time to set up at the beginning but it has advantages like automatic calculations of earnings and profits. Remember-you can also claim the cost of record keeping software as a business tax deduction.", "It's important for a business of any size to keep well-organized and up-to-date financial records. For the purposes of a small business, this can be through either hard copy or electronic filing. Not only will this organizational practice help prepare financial statements and tax returns, but it's also a good way to track your company's personal growth while maximizing your return.", "Keeping records. Records are your accounting and other financial information documents kept in an organized way. By law, you have to keep records when any of these apply: 1 you are carrying on a business in Canada. 2 you are engaged in a commercial activity in Canada. 3 you are responsible for collecting tax or other amounts. 4 you have to file an income tax return. 5 you have to file a Goods and Services Tax/Harmonized Sales Tax (GST/HST) return.", "You must also keep records that show your business is carrying on activities that are eligible for fuel tax credits. If you are claiming fuel tax credits of $300 or less in a financial year, you do not have to keep records of fuel purchases. Tip. Keep your records electronically, using accounting software approved by the ATO. It takes more time to set up at the beginning but it has advantages like automatic calculations of earnings and profits. Remember-you can also claim the cost of record keeping software as a business tax deduction.", "Set up a secure electronic backup system to ensure records are safely stored and regularly backed up. Daily backups are recommended, particularly for important records. Make sure the backup copies are stored in a separate location to your business in case of fire, theft or a natural disaster. Your business may require more than one software program to meet all of your tax and legal needs, so it's important to: 1 seek advice from your accountant or financial adviser before purchasing software for record keeping. 2 check which accounting software is tax compliant on the Australian Taxation Office website.", "Some of the basic financial records that the law may require a company to keep are: 1 general ledger, recording all the company’s transactions and balances (e.g. revenue, expenses, assets, liabilities) or summarising transactions and balances detailed in other records. As a director, the law makes you personally responsible for keeping proper company records. You must see that the company keeps up-to-date financial records that: 1 correctly record and explain its transactions (including any transactions as a trustee), and. 2 explain the company’s financial position and performance.", "Retaining Financial Records Types of Records The types of financial records and documentation you need to keep will also vary, depending on your type of assessment-ie. as an individual taxpayer, a small business or a company. ", "You must also keep any other financial records, information and calculations you need to complete your Company Tax Return. This includes records of all money: 1 spent by the company, eg receipts, petty cash books, orders and delivery notes. 2 received by the company, eg invoices, contracts, sales books and till rolls. You must keep accounting records that include: 1 all money received and spent by the company. 2 details of assets owned by the company. 3 debts the company owes or is owed. 4 stock the company owns at the end of the financial year. 5 the stocktakings you used to work out the stock figure." ], "url": [ "http://www.asic.gov.au/for-business/running-a-company/company-officeholder-duties/what-books-and-records-should-my-company-keep/", "https://www.business.qld.gov.au/business/starting/starting-a-business/record-keeping-business/electronic-manual-record-keeping", "https://www.ato.gov.au/General/Other-languages/In-detail/Information-in-other-languages/Record-keeping-for-small-businesses/", "http://www.paychex.com/articles/finance/financial-record-keeping-for-small-businesses", "http://www.cra-arc.gc.ca/records/", "https://www.ato.gov.au/General/Other-languages/In-detail/Information-in-other-languages/Record-keeping-for-small-businesses/", "https://www.business.qld.gov.au/business/starting/starting-a-business/record-keeping-business/electronic-manual-record-keeping", "http://asic.gov.au/for-business/running-a-company/company-officeholder-duties/your-company-and-the-law/", "http://www.peakpartnership.com.au/files/uploads/RetainRecords.pdf", "https://www.gov.uk/running-a-limited-company/company-and-accounting-records" ] }

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[ "They have a hydrophobic and a hydrophilic ends." ]

{ "is_selected": [ 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1 ], "passage_text": [ "Remember these key points: 1 Cell membranes or plasma membranes consist of a phospholipid bilayer with proteins embedded in the membrane. 2 Most of the functions of plasma membranes are handled by the proteins. 3 This arrangement of proteins and phospholipids is often called the fluid mosaic model for a cell membrane. Embedded in the phospholipid bi-layer are a diverse set of proteins which do most of the important functions of the cell membrane. This idea is called the fluid mosaic model of the cell membrane. Cell membranes are fluid in the sense that the molecules in the membrane are in constant motion.", "See Organelle. Prokaryotes have only one lipid bilayer-the cell membrane (also known as the plasma membrane). Many prokaryotes also have a cell wall, but the cell wall is composed of proteins or long chain carbohydrates, not lipids. Phospholipids with certain head groups can alter the surface chemistry of a bilayer and can, for example, serve as signals as well as anchors for other molecules in the membranes of cells.", "Figure 1: The lipid bilayer and the structure and composition of a glycerophospholipid molecule. (A) The plasma membrane of a cell is a bilayer of glycerophospholipid molecules. (B) A single glycerophospholipid molecule is composed of two major regions: a hydrophilic head (green) and hydrophobic tails (purple). (C) The subregions of a glycerophospholipid molecule; phosphatidylcholine is shown as an example. They are often anchored in place within the membrane by tethers to proteins outside the cell, cytoskeletal elements inside the cell, or both. Cell membranes serve as barriers and gatekeepers. They are semi-permeable, which means that some molecules can diffuse across the lipid bilayer but others cannot.", "The Actual Cell membrane has proteins embedded in the lipid bilayer. Embedded in the phospholipid bi-layer are a diverse set of proteins which do most of the important functions of the cell membrane. This idea is called the fluid mosaic model of the cell membrane. Cell membranes are fluid in the sense that the molecules in the membrane are in constant motion.", "Plasma membranes consist of a lipid bilayer with proteins embedded in the bilayer. The principle lipids are phospholipids. A phospholipid molecules has a hydrophilic head with a phosphate group as part of its structure and two hydrophobic tails. Embedded in the phospholipid bi-layer are a diverse set of proteins which do most of the important functions of the cell membrane. This idea is called the fluid mosaic model of the cell membrane. Cell membranes are fluid in the sense that the molecules in the membrane are in constant motion.", "The phospholipids organize themselves in a bilayer to hide their hydrophobic tail regions and expose the hydrophilic regions to water. This organization is spontaneous, meaning it is a natural process and does not require energy. This structure forms the layer that is the wall between the inside and outside of the cell. Only water and gases can easily pass through the bilayer. This property means that large molecules and small polar molecules cannot cross the bilayer, and thus the cell membrane, without the assistance of other structures. 1 1. 2 2.", "The plasma membrane is a phospholipid bilayer membrane that separates the cell from its environment and regulates the transport of molecules and signals into and out of the cell. Embedded in the membrane are proteins that perform the functions of the plasma membrane. The endomembrane system is composed of the different membranes that are suspended in the cytoplasm within a eukaryotic cell. These membranes divide the cell into functional and structural compartments, or organelles.", "Phospholipids form the fundamental structure of the cell membrane, but they are not the only substance found there. According to the fluid-mosaic model of the cell membrane, special proteins called membrane proteins float in the phospholipid bilayer like icebergs in a sea. ", "The cell membrane (also known as the plasma membrane or cytoplasmic membrane) is a biological membrane that separates the interior of all cells from the outside environment. The cell membrane is selectively permeable to ions and organic molecules and controls the movement of substances in and out of cells. The basic function of the cell membrane is to protect the cell from its surroundings. It consists of the phospholipid bilayer with embedded proteins.", "Recall that phospholipids have a hydrophobic end and a hydrophilic end and that when placed in water they will orient themselves accordingly (5.11 pg 79). This is the basis for the plasma membrane of a cell. The cell membrane consists of a phospholipid bilayer with embedded proteins. " ], "url": [ "http://blogs.jccc.edu/pdecell/the-entangled-bank-biology-resources/structure-of-cell-membranes/", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lipid_bilayer", "http://www.nature.com/scitable/topicpage/cell-membranes-14052567", "http://blogs.jccc.edu/pdecell/the-entangled-bank-biology-resources/structure-of-cell-membranes/", "http://blogs.jccc.edu/pdecell/the-entangled-bank-biology-resources/structure-of-cell-membranes/", "http://www.sparknotes.com/biology/cellstructure/cellmembranes/section1.html", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Endomembrane_system", "http://www.sparknotes.com/testprep/books/sat2/biology/chapter4section4.rhtml", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cell_membrane", "http://www.olemiss.edu/courses/bisc102/membrane.html" ] }

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[ "Before you can speak French fluently, you have to be able to understand what is being said. This can be very challenging because spoken French is very different from the written language. It’s important here to make the distinction between scripted and unscripted speech." ]

{ "is_selected": [ 0, 1, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0 ], "passage_text": [ "It's ok not understanding spoken French. Get comfortable with it. Because it may take you a year to get past this stage. Make it a point to spend time with English speakers too (or whatever language you prefer) in person, on the phone, on a DVD (for those of you actually living in a different country)... Understanding spoken French... It's not something you can study or work hard at. It just happens...eventually. At first, you watch the words flying around you. But they're not really words yet. Just sounds. Sounds that don't make any sense (even if you've spent years studying French like me).", "Before you can speak French fluently, you have to be able to understand what is being said. This can be very challenging because spoken French is very different from the written language. It’s important here to make the distinction between scripted and unscripted speech. Students usually start out listening to speeches, movies, radio and television programs like newscasts or soap operas.", "I also had problems understanding spoken French in the past largely because words in spoken French so often combine with each other. A simple example, in the word vous, the s is silent, but in vous allez the s is sounded. For one thing, French really has a phonetic system that is unique in Europe, having lost in the spoken language many consonants that are sounded in other Romance languages. French also has what is in effect a pitch accent, although I've never heard it defined that way, and that is also unique in Europe.", "Also keep in mind that French is spoken in many different accents. The French spoken in Belgium, Quebec, Africa and Acadia is quite different from the French of France. And even within France, there are many regional accents. At MondoLingua, we believe that there is nothing better than working with the real thing. The secret to keep in mind is that spoken French is very repetitive. A small number of words and grammar items are used over and over again. Unlike written French, spoken French relies heavily on sound to convey meaning. A good part of the meaning comes from intonation, rythmn and stress.", "Maybe you've had a different experience of it with understanding spoken French. But, for me, the first year or so around native French speakers was a nightmare. A nightmare surrounded by charming villages, great wine and food, but a nightmare nonetheless. Understanding spoken French... It's not something you can study or work hard at. It just happens...eventually. At first, you watch the words flying around you. But they're not really words yet. Just sounds. Sounds that don't make any sense (even if you've spent years studying French like me).", "Though it took me a while to discover that. French was the third language I tried to learn, after Spanish and Italian. You would think that by the time I got to French, things would have been easy and I’d breeze through the language in no time. Unfortunately, that’s not how things worked out. . I moved to France for an entire year in 2005, with already two years of language learning experience under my belt. Yes, you read that right. Learning French can be easy. This isn’t about fooling yourself with empty mantras or willing the universe to make it easy for you. There are lots of simple hacks you can use to simplify your French learning and make swift progress in the language.", "It makes the times when you are not understanding spoken French easier to handle (for those of us living amongst the French). Think of it like this: When you were a baby, you heard English all the time. You were probably busy discovering your thumbs at the time. But the language seeped into your brain whether you worked at it or not. It's the same understanding spoken French. Understanding spoken French... It's not something you can study or work hard at. It just happens...eventually. At first, you watch the words flying around you. But they're not really words yet. Just sounds. Sounds that don't make any sense (even if you've spent years studying French like me).", "1. Watch French TV. nyul / 123RF. If you have a TV at home, you can probably access French TV channels via your cable company, otherwise you can find lots of French TV channels available online. TV is a great way to better understand spoken French, because you can choose all kinds of programs. You can watch the news and learn rather formal French, or watch TV series and learn more casual French. Depending on the TV channel, you may even have subtitles available. Watch Youtube videos. Okay you probably already know you can watch French videos online. What you may not know is how to find the perfect videos to improve your understanding of spoken French. You could watch videos made by French comedians for example, or discover hilarious French commercials." ], "url": [ "http://www.getalsaced.com/understanding-spoken-french.html", "http://www.fluentfrenchnow.com/learrning-to-understand-french/", "http://forum.wordreference.com/threads/why-cant-i-understand-spoken-french.288545/", "http://www.langcal.com/en/art/understand-spoken-french.html", "http://www.getalsaced.com/understanding-spoken-french.html", "http://www.fluentin3months.com/french-is-easy/", "http://www.getalsaced.com/understanding-spoken-french.html", "https://frenchtogether.com/understanding-spoken-french/" ] }

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[ "The elements found along the stair-step line that distinguishes metals from non-metals." ]

{ "is_selected": [ 0, 0, 1, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0 ], "passage_text": [ "Metalloids are the elements found along the stair-step line that distinguishes metals from non-metals. This line is drawn from between Boron and Aluminum to the border between Polonium and Astatine. The only exception to this is Aluminum, which is classified under .", "Metalloids is a term used in Periodic Chemistry when classifying the chemical elements. Each element can usually be classified as a metal or a non-metal based on their general Chemical and Physical Properties. However, metalloids have mixed properties which can be harder to characterize.", "Metalloids are the elements found along the stair-step line that distinguishes metals from non-metals. This line is drawn from between Boron and Aluminum to the border between Polonium and Astatine. The only exception to this is Aluminum, which is classified under Other Metals.", "The metalloids can be defined as those elements which exhibit characteristics of both metals and nonmetals. They are all solids, but not lustrous, and conduct heat and electricity moderately well. The six metalloids treated here are listed below, with the atomic number and chemical symbol of each.", "The metalloids or semimetals are located along the line between the metals and nonmetals in the periodic table. The metalloids are boron, silicon, germanium, arsenic, antimony, and tellurium. Polonium is often considered a metalloid, too.", "The elements can be classified as metals, nonmetals, or metalloids. Metals are good conductors of heat and electricity, and are malleable (they can be hammered into sheets) and ductile (they can be drawn into wire).", "The metalloids are a group of elements in the periodic table. They are located to the right of the post-transition metals and to the left of the non-metals.", "Elements in the periodic table are grouped as metals, metalloids or semimetals, and nonmetals. The metalloids separate the metals and nonmetals on a periodic table. Also, many periodic table have a stair-step line on the table identifying the element groups." ], "url": [ "http://www.chemicalelements.com/groups/metalloids.html", "http://www.elementalmatter.info/metalloids.htm", "http://www.chemicalelements.com/groups/metalloids.html", "http://www.answers.com/Q/What_are_metalloids", "http://chemistry.about.com/od/elementgroups/a/metalloids.htm", "http://www.angelo.edu/faculty/kboudrea/periodic/physical_metals.htm", "http://www.ducksters.com/science/chemistry/metalloids.php", "http://chemistry.about.com/od/periodictables/ss/Metals-Nonmetals-and-Metalloids-Periodic-Table.htm" ] }

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[ "Yes", "Yes." ]

{ "is_selected": [ 0, 0, 0, 0, 1, 0 ], "passage_text": [ "Aventurine is the Star Sign for Libra and the Planetary stone of Taurus. Aventurine is a translucent to opaque variety of microcrystalline quartz. It contains small inclusions of shiny minerals which give the stone a sparkling effect known as aventurescence.", "The most common variety of this crystal is the Green Aventurine. The color of this variety of crystal may also be red and blue and some lesser known colors such as white, brown, peach, pink, orange, yellow and grey. Some colors are really just shades of the other colors.", "ə-ˈven-chə-ˌrēn. Stone of Self Reflection & Opportunity. Aventurine is a stone that is available in a variety of colors, although the shades of green are the most commonly related to the stone. Other colors include, but are not limited to: blue, red, brown, peach, yellow and grey. This lovely stone is often mistaken for Jade, Amazonite, and in some cases, even Chalcedony.", "Translucent Aventurine: A small polished piece of aventurine about three centimeters across that shows the translucence, highly included nature and aventurescence of the material. The green inclusions in the stone are fuchsite, a green, chromium-rich mica similar to muscovite.", "Though the color of Aventurine is most often associated with green, it can also be other colors such as gray, orange, and brown. However, color types other than green are uncommon, and rarely used as gemstones or ornamental material.", "This is the stone of opportunity. Aventurine is known as the stone of chance or luck. If you gamble or play the lotto, keep this stone in your left pocket. Aventurine is mainly quartz, a quartzite, usually containing mica. It occurs in several colors including green, red and blue. Green Aventurine is the stone of luck and chance." ], "url": [ "http://www.bernardine.com/gemstones/aventurine.htm", "http://www.healing-crystals-for-you.com/aventurine-stones.html", "http://www.shimmerlings.com/gemstones/aventurine/", "http://geology.com/gemstones/aventurine/", "http://www.minerals.net/gemstone/aventurine_gemstone.aspx", "https://crystal-cure.com/aventurine.html" ] }

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[ "The 15th Amendment to the Constitution granted African American men the right to vote by declaring that the right of citizens of the United States to vote shall not be denied or abridged by the United States or by any state on account of race, color, or previous condition of servitude.", "14th Amendment" ]

{ "is_selected": [ 0, 0, 0, 0, 1, 0, 0, 1 ], "passage_text": [ "June 8, 1866 - The Senate passed the 14th Amendment by a vote of 33 to 11. June 13, 1866 - The House of Representatives passed the 14th Amendment by a vote of 120 to 32. June 16, 1866 - The text of the 14th Amendment can be found in the United States Statutes at Large, volume 14, page 358 (14 Stat. 358). June 22, 1866 - President Andrew Johnson submitted a message to Congress announcing that the Fourteenth Amendment had been sent to the states for ratification. Jump Back in Time: 14th Amendment to the Constitution was ratified. The Chronicling America site allows you to search and view millions of historic American newspaper pages from 1836-1922. Search this collection to find newspaper articles about the 14th Amendment.", "This clause represented Congress 's reversal of a portion of the Dred Scott v. Sandford decision which had declared that African Americans were not and could not become citizens of the United States or enjoy any of the privileges and immunities of citizenship. [T]he Citizenship Clause of the Fourteenth Amendment expressly equates citizenship with residence: That Clause does not provide for, and does not allow for, degrees of citizenship based on length of residence.. Zobel, 457 U. S., at 69", "The 14th is the amendment that gives citizenship. C … ontitutional amendment #14 is as follows: All persons born or naturalized in the United States, and subject to the jurisdiction thereof, are citizens of the United States and of the State wherein they reside. The Fifteenth Amendment (Amendment XV) to the United States Constitution prohibits each government in the United States from denying a citizen the right to vote based … on that citizen's race, color or previous condition of servitude (i.e., slavery).", "The Fourteenth Amendment (Amendment XIV) to the United States Constitution was adopted on July 9, 1868, as one of the Reconstruction Amendments. The amendment addresses citizenship rights and equal protection of the laws, and was proposed in response to issues related to former slaves following the American Civil War. ", "The 14th Amendment to the U.S. Constitution reads in part: All persons born or naturalized in the United States, and subject to the jurisdiction thereof, are citizens of the United States and the State wherein they reside.. Post-Civil War reforms focused on injustices to African Americans. The 14 th Amendment was ratified in 1868 to protect the rights of native-born Black Americans, whose rights were being denied as recently-freed slaves.", "The 14th Amendment to the Constitution was ratified on July 9, 1868, and granted citizenship to “all persons born or naturalized in the United States,” which included former slaves recently freed. Jump Back in Time: 14th Amendment to the Constitution was ratified. The Chronicling America site allows you to search and view millions of historic American newspaper pages from 1836-1922. Search this collection to find newspaper articles about the 14th Amendment.", "Set free by the 13th amendment, with citizenship guaranteed by the 14th amendment, black males were given the vote by the 15th amendment. From that point on, the freedmen were generally expected to fend for themselves. Citation: The House Joint Resolution proposing the 15th amendment to the Constitution, December 7, 1868; Enrolled Acts and Resolutions of Congress, 1789-1999; General Records of the United States Government; Record Group 11; National Archives.", "The 15th Amendment to the Constitution granted African American men the right to vote by declaring that the right of citizens of the United States to vote shall not be denied or abridged by the United States or by any state on account of race, color, or previous condition of servitude.. Although ratified on February 3, 1870, the promise of the 15th Amendment would not be fully realized for almost a century. Through the use of poll taxes, literacy tests and other means, Southern states were able to effectively disenfranchise African Americans." ], "url": [ "http://www.loc.gov/rr/program/bib/ourdocs/14thamendment.html", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Citizenship_Clause", "http://www.answers.com/Q/What_amendment_gave_FULL_citizenship_to_African_Americans", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fourteenth_Amendment_to_the_United_States_Constitution", "http://www.14thamendment.us/birthright_citizenship/original_intent.html", "http://www.loc.gov/rr/program/bib/ourdocs/14thamendment.html", "http://www.ourdocuments.gov/doc.php?doc=44", "http://loc.gov/rr/program/bib/ourdocs/15thamendment.html" ] }

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[ " Catamite (Latin catamitus) was a pubescent boy who was the intimate companion of a young man in ancient Greece and Rome." ]

{ "is_selected": [ 0, 0, 0, 0, 1 ], "passage_text": [ "Meaning of Catamite from wikipedia. - usage the term catamite refers to a boy as the p****ive or receiving partner in anal intercourse with a man. in its ancient usage a catamite (latin catamitus). - not to be confused with catamite.", "Catamite. In its ancient usage, a catamite (Latin catamitus) was a pubescent boy who was the intimate companion of a young man in ancient Rome, usually in a pederastic friendship. It was usually a term of affection and literally means Ganymede in Latin. It was sometimes used as a term of insult.", "In its ancient usage, a catamite (Latin catamitus) was a pubescent boy who was the intimate companion of a young man in ancient Rome, usually in a pederastic friendship. It was usually a term of affection and literally means Ganymede in Latin.", "Definition of CATAMITE. : a boy kept by a pederast. ADVERTISEMENT.", "In its modern usage the term catamite refers to a boy as the passive or receiving partner in anal intercourse with a man. In its ancient usage a catamite (Latin catamitus) was a pubescent boy who was the intimate companion of a young man in ancient Greece and Rome, usually in a pederastic relationship. It was usually a term of affection and literally means Ganymede in Latin." ], "url": [ "http://www.wordaz.com/Catamite.html", "https://www.boywiki.org/en/Catamite", "https://www.boywiki.org/en/Catamite", "http://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/catamite", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Catamite" ] }

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