eid
int64 0
18.8k
| qid
int64 0
2.12k
| cid
int64 0
29
| label
int64 0
1
| question
stringlengths 11
120
| candidate
stringlengths 2
1.08k
|
---|---|---|---|---|---|
9,278 | 1,030 | 8 | 0 | what is an element on a periodic table | As a result, a periodic table—whether in the standard form or some other variant—provides a useful framework for analyzing chemical behavior, and such tables are widely used in chemistry and other sciences. |
9,279 | 1,030 | 9 | 0 | what is an element on a periodic table | Although precursors exist, Dmitri Mendeleev is generally credited with the publication, in 1869, of the first widely recognized periodic table. |
9,280 | 1,030 | 10 | 0 | what is an element on a periodic table | He developed his table to illustrate periodic trends in the properties of the then-known elements. |
9,281 | 1,030 | 11 | 0 | what is an element on a periodic table | Mendeleev also predicted some properties of then-unknown elements that would be expected to fill gaps in this table. |
9,282 | 1,030 | 12 | 0 | what is an element on a periodic table | Most of his predictions were proved correct when the elements in question were subsequently discovered. |
9,283 | 1,030 | 13 | 0 | what is an element on a periodic table | Mendeleev's periodic table has since been expanded and refined with the discovery or synthesis of further new elements and the development of new theoretical models to explain chemical behavior. |
9,284 | 1,030 | 14 | 0 | what is an element on a periodic table | All elements from atomic numbers 1 ( hydrogen ) to 118 ( ununoctium ) have been discovered or synthesized. |
9,285 | 1,030 | 15 | 0 | what is an element on a periodic table | The elements from 1 to 98 ( californium ) have been found to exist naturally, although some are found only in trace amounts and were initially discovered by synthesis in laboratories. |
9,286 | 1,030 | 16 | 0 | what is an element on a periodic table | The elements after 98 have only been synthesized in laboratories. |
9,287 | 1,030 | 17 | 0 | what is an element on a periodic table | Production of elements beyond ununoctium is being pursued, with the question of how the periodic table may need to be modified to accommodate any such additions being a matter of ongoing debate. |
9,288 | 1,030 | 18 | 0 | what is an element on a periodic table | Numerous synthetic radionuclides of naturally occurring elements have also been produced in laboratories. |
9,289 | 1,031 | 0 | 0 | what version minecraft free | Minecraft is a sandbox indie game originally created by Swedish programmer Markus "Notch" Persson and later developed and published by Mojang . |
9,290 | 1,031 | 1 | 0 | what version minecraft free | It was publicly released for the PC on May 17, 2009, as a developmental alpha version and, after gradual updates, was published as a full release version on November 18, 2011. |
9,291 | 1,031 | 2 | 0 | what version minecraft free | A version for Android was released a month earlier on October 7, and an iOS version was released on November 17, 2011. |
9,292 | 1,031 | 3 | 0 | what version minecraft free | On May 9, 2012, the game was released on Xbox 360 as an Xbox Live Arcade game, co-developed by 4J Studios . |
9,293 | 1,031 | 4 | 0 | what version minecraft free | All versions of Minecraft receive periodic updates. |
9,294 | 1,031 | 5 | 0 | what version minecraft free | The creative and building aspects of Minecraft allow players to build constructions out of textured cubes in a 3D procedurally generated world. |
9,295 | 1,031 | 6 | 0 | what version minecraft free | Other activities in the game include exploration, gathering resources, crafting and combat. |
9,296 | 1,031 | 7 | 0 | what version minecraft free | Gameplay in its commercial release has two principal modes: survival , which requires players to acquire resources and maintain their health and hunger ; and creative , where players have an unlimited supply of resources, the ability to fly, and no health or hunger. |
9,297 | 1,031 | 8 | 0 | what version minecraft free | A third gameplay mode named hardcore is the same as survival, differing only in difficulty; it is set to hardest setting and respawning is disabled, forcing players to delete their worlds upon death. |
9,298 | 1,031 | 9 | 0 | what version minecraft free | Minecraft received five awards from the 2011 Game Developers Conference : it was awarded the Innovation Award, Best Downloadable Game Award, and the Best Debut Game Award from the Game Developers Choice Awards ; and the Audience Award, as well as the Seumas McNally Grand Prize, from the Independent Games Festival in 2011. |
9,299 | 1,031 | 10 | 0 | what version minecraft free | In 2012, Minecraft was awarded a Golden Joystick Award in the category Best Downloadable Game. |
9,300 | 1,031 | 11 | 0 | what version minecraft free | As of April 8, 2013, the game has sold over 10 million copies on PC and as of January 22, 2013, over 20 million copies across all platforms. |
9,301 | 1,032 | 0 | 0 | who played batman in dark knight | The Dark Knight is a 2008 British-American superhero film directed, produced, and co-written by Christopher Nolan . |
9,302 | 1,032 | 1 | 0 | who played batman in dark knight | Based on the DC Comics character Batman , the film is the second part of Nolan's Batman film series and a sequel to 2005's Batman Begins . |
9,303 | 1,032 | 2 | 1 | who played batman in dark knight | Christian Bale reprises the lead role of Bruce Wayne/Batman, with a returning cast of Michael Caine as Alfred Pennyworth , Gary Oldman as James Gordon and Morgan Freeman as Lucius Fox . |
9,304 | 1,032 | 3 | 0 | who played batman in dark knight | The film introduces the character of Harvey Dent ( Aaron Eckhart ), Gotham's newly elected District Attorney and the consort of Bruce Wayne's childhood friend Rachel Dawes ( Maggie Gyllenhaal ), who joins Batman and the police in combating the new rising threat of a criminal mastermind calling himself " The Joker " ( Heath Ledger ). |
9,305 | 1,032 | 4 | 0 | who played batman in dark knight | Nolan's inspiration for the film was the Joker's comic book debut in 1940, the 1988 graphic novel , and the 1996 series , which retold Two-Face 's origin. |
9,306 | 1,032 | 5 | 0 | who played batman in dark knight | The nickname "the Dark Knight" was first applied to Batman in Batman No. 1 (1940), in a story written by Bill Finger . |
9,307 | 1,032 | 6 | 0 | who played batman in dark knight | The Dark Knight was filmed primarily in Chicago , as well as in several other locations in the United States, the United Kingdom, and Hong Kong. |
9,308 | 1,032 | 7 | 0 | who played batman in dark knight | Nolan used an IMAX camera to film some sequences, including the Joker's first appearance in the film. |
9,309 | 1,032 | 8 | 0 | who played batman in dark knight | On January 22, 2008, some months after he had completed filming on The Dark Knight and six months before the film's release, Heath Ledger died from a toxic combination of prescription drugs , leading to intense attention from the press and movie-going public. |
9,310 | 1,032 | 9 | 0 | who played batman in dark knight | Warner Bros. had initially created a viral marketing campaign for The Dark Knight, developing promotional websites and trailers highlighting screen shots of Ledger as the Joker, but after Ledger's death, the studio refocused its promotional campaign. |
9,311 | 1,032 | 10 | 0 | who played batman in dark knight | The Dark Knight was released on July 16, 2008 in Australia, on July 18, 2008 in North America, and on July 24, 2008 in the United Kingdom. |
9,312 | 1,032 | 11 | 0 | who played batman in dark knight | Considered one of the best films of the 2000s and one of the best superhero films ever made , the film received highly positive reviews and set numerous records during its theatrical run. |
9,313 | 1,032 | 12 | 0 | who played batman in dark knight | With over $1 billion in revenue worldwide, it is the 14th-highest-grossing film of all time, unadjusted for inflation. |
9,314 | 1,032 | 13 | 0 | who played batman in dark knight | The film received eight Academy Award nominations; it won the award for Best Sound Editing and Ledger was posthumously awarded Best Supporting Actor . |
9,315 | 1,032 | 14 | 0 | who played batman in dark knight | The Dark Knight Rises , the final part of the trilogy , was released on July 20, 2012. |
9,316 | 1,033 | 0 | 0 | who discovered am and made the first successful amplitude-modulated transmission of voice? | The timeline of radio lists within the history of radio , the technology and events that produced instruments that use radio waves and activities that people undertook. |
9,317 | 1,033 | 1 | 0 | who discovered am and made the first successful amplitude-modulated transmission of voice? | Later, the history is dominated by programming and contents, which is closer to general history . |
9,318 | 1,034 | 0 | 0 | what people sung at sydney opera house | The Sydney Opera House is a multi-venue performing arts centre in New South Wales , Australia . |
9,319 | 1,034 | 1 | 0 | what people sung at sydney opera house | It was conceived and largely built by Danish architect Jørn Utzon , opening in 1973 after a long gestation that began with his competition-winning design in 1957. |
9,320 | 1,034 | 2 | 0 | what people sung at sydney opera house | Joseph Cahill 's New South Wales Government gave the go-ahead for work to begin in 1958. |
9,321 | 1,034 | 3 | 0 | what people sung at sydney opera house | The government's bold decision to select Utzon's design is often overshadowed by the scandal that followed. |
9,322 | 1,034 | 4 | 0 | what people sung at sydney opera house | It is on Bennelong Point in Sydney Harbour , close to the Sydney Harbour Bridge . |
9,323 | 1,034 | 5 | 0 | what people sung at sydney opera house | It sits at the northeastern tip of the Sydney central business district (the CBD), surrounded on three sides by the harbour ( Sydney Cove and Farm Cove ) and inland by the Royal Botanic Gardens . |
9,324 | 1,034 | 6 | 0 | what people sung at sydney opera house | Contrary to its name, it houses multiple performance venues. |
9,325 | 1,034 | 7 | 0 | what people sung at sydney opera house | It is among the busiest performing arts centres in the world, hosting over 1,500 performances each year attended by some 1.2 million people. |
9,326 | 1,034 | 8 | 0 | what people sung at sydney opera house | It provides a venue for many performing-arts companies, including the four key resident companies Opera Australia , The Australian Ballet , the Sydney Theatre Company and the Sydney Symphony Orchestra , and presents a wide range of productions on its own account. |
9,327 | 1,034 | 9 | 0 | what people sung at sydney opera house | It is also one of the most popular visitor attractions in Australia, with more than seven million people visiting each year, 300,000 of whom take a guided tour. |
9,328 | 1,034 | 10 | 0 | what people sung at sydney opera house | It is administered by the Sydney Opera House Trust , under the New South Wales Ministry of the Arts. |
9,329 | 1,034 | 11 | 0 | what people sung at sydney opera house | On 28 June 2007, it was made a UNESCO World Heritage Site . |
9,330 | 1,034 | 12 | 0 | what people sung at sydney opera house | It is one of the 20th century's most distinctive buildings and one of the most famous performing arts centres in the world. |
9,331 | 1,035 | 0 | 0 | what is a good bmi | A graph of body mass index as a function of body mass and body height is shown above. |
9,332 | 1,035 | 1 | 0 | what is a good bmi | The dashed lines represent subdivisions within a major class. |
9,333 | 1,035 | 2 | 0 | what is a good bmi | For instance the "Underweight" classification is further divided into "severe", "moderate", and "mild" subclasses. |
9,334 | 1,035 | 3 | 0 | what is a good bmi | The body mass index (BMI), or Quetelet index, is a measure for human body shape based on an individual's weight and height. |
9,335 | 1,035 | 4 | 0 | what is a good bmi | It was devised between 1830 and 1850 by the Belgian polymath Adolphe Quetelet during the course of developing "social physics". |
9,336 | 1,035 | 5 | 0 | what is a good bmi | Body mass index is defined as the individual's body mass divided by the square of their height. |
9,337 | 1,035 | 6 | 0 | what is a good bmi | The formulae universally used in medicine produce a unit of measure of kg/m2. |
9,338 | 1,035 | 7 | 0 | what is a good bmi | BMI can also be determined using a BMI chart, which displays BMI as a function of weight (horizontal axis) and height (vertical axis) using contour lines for different values of BMI or colors for different BMI categories. |
9,339 | 1,035 | 8 | 0 | what is a good bmi | † The factor for UK/US units is more precisely 703.06957964, but that level of precision is not meaningful for this calculation. |
9,340 | 1,035 | 9 | 0 | what is a good bmi | To work from stone and pounds first multiply the stone by 14 then add the pounds to give the whole mass in pounds; to work from feet and inches first multiply the feet by 12 then add the inches to give the whole height in inches. |
9,341 | 1,036 | 0 | 0 | what kind of person was thomas paine | Thomas Paine (January 29, 1737 ( NS February 9, 1737) – June 8, 1809) was an English-American political activist, author, political theorist and revolutionary. |
9,342 | 1,036 | 1 | 0 | what kind of person was thomas paine | As the author of two highly influential pamphlets at the start of the American Revolution , he inspired the Patriots in 1776 to declare independence from Britain. |
9,343 | 1,036 | 2 | 0 | what kind of person was thomas paine | His ideas reflected Enlightenment era rhetoric of transnational human rights. |
9,344 | 1,036 | 3 | 0 | what kind of person was thomas paine | He has been called "a corsetmaker by trade, a journalist by profession, and a propagandist by inclination." |
9,345 | 1,036 | 4 | 0 | what kind of person was thomas paine | Born in Thetford , England, in the county of Norfolk , Paine emigrated to the British American colonies in 1774 with the help of Benjamin Franklin and he arrived in time to participate in the American Revolution. |
9,346 | 1,036 | 5 | 0 | what kind of person was thomas paine | His principal contributions were the powerful, widely read pamphlet Common Sense (1776), the all-time best-selling American book that advocated colonial America's independence from the Kingdom of Great Britain , and The American Crisis (1776–83), a pro-revolutionary pamphlet series. |
9,347 | 1,036 | 6 | 0 | what kind of person was thomas paine | Common Sense was so influential that John Adams said, "Without the pen of the author of Common Sense, the sword of Washington would have been raised in vain." |
9,348 | 1,036 | 7 | 0 | what kind of person was thomas paine | Paine lived in France for most of the 1790s, becoming deeply involved in the French Revolution . |
9,349 | 1,036 | 8 | 0 | what kind of person was thomas paine | He wrote the Rights of Man (1791), in part a defence of the French Revolution against its critics. |
9,350 | 1,036 | 9 | 0 | what kind of person was thomas paine | His attacks on British writer Edmund Burke led to a trial and conviction in absentia in 1792 for the crime of seditious libel . |
9,351 | 1,036 | 10 | 0 | what kind of person was thomas paine | In 1792, despite not being able to speak French, he was elected to the French National Convention . |
9,352 | 1,036 | 11 | 0 | what kind of person was thomas paine | The Girondists regarded him as an ally. |
9,353 | 1,036 | 12 | 0 | what kind of person was thomas paine | Consequently, the Montagnards , especially Robespierre , regarded him as an enemy. |
9,354 | 1,036 | 13 | 0 | what kind of person was thomas paine | In December 1793, he was arrested and imprisoned in Paris, then released in 1794. |
9,355 | 1,036 | 14 | 0 | what kind of person was thomas paine | He became notorious because of The Age of Reason (1793–94), his book that advocates deism , promotes reason and freethinking , and argues against institutionalized religion in general and Christian doctrine in particular. |
9,356 | 1,036 | 15 | 0 | what kind of person was thomas paine | He also wrote the pamphlet Agrarian Justice (1795), discussing the origins of property , and introduced the concept of a guaranteed minimum income . |
9,357 | 1,036 | 16 | 0 | what kind of person was thomas paine | In 1802, he returned to America where he died on June 8, 1809. |
9,358 | 1,036 | 17 | 0 | what kind of person was thomas paine | Only six people attended his funeral as he had been ostracized for his ridicule of Christianity. |
9,359 | 1,037 | 0 | 0 | what phase clinical trial new drug application | Clinical trials are sets of tests in medical research and drug development that generate safety and efficacy data (or more specifically, information about adverse drug reactions and adverse effects of other treatments) for health interventions (e.g., drugs, diagnostics, devices, therapy protocols). |
9,360 | 1,037 | 1 | 0 | what phase clinical trial new drug application | They are conducted only after satisfactory information has been gathered on the quality of the non clinical safety, and health authority/ethics committee approval is granted in the country where approval of the drug or device is sought. |
9,361 | 1,037 | 2 | 0 | what phase clinical trial new drug application | Previously, many emerging countries did not require local trials for product approvals. |
9,362 | 1,037 | 3 | 0 | what phase clinical trial new drug application | Now, though emerging countries still accept data from U.S./Europe, they also require some local trials. |
9,363 | 1,037 | 4 | 0 | what phase clinical trial new drug application | Depending on the type of product and the stage of its development, investigators initially enroll volunteers and/or patients into small pilot studies , and subsequently conduct larger scale studies in patients that often compare the new product with others already approved for the affliction of interest. |
9,364 | 1,037 | 5 | 0 | what phase clinical trial new drug application | As positive safety and efficacy data are gathered, the number of patients is typically increased. |
9,365 | 1,037 | 6 | 0 | what phase clinical trial new drug application | Clinical trials can vary in size, and can involve a single research entity in one country or many such entities in multiple countries. |
9,366 | 1,037 | 7 | 0 | what phase clinical trial new drug application | A full series of trials may incur sizable costs, and the burden of paying for all the necessary people and services is usually borne by the sponsor, which may be a governmental organization or a pharmaceutical , biotechnology or medical device company. |
9,367 | 1,037 | 8 | 0 | what phase clinical trial new drug application | When the diversity of required support roles exceeds the resources of the sponsor, a clinical trial is managed by an outsourced partner, such as a contract research organization or a clinical trials unit in the academic sector. |
9,368 | 1,038 | 0 | 0 | where did the nickname packers come from green bay | The Green Bay Packers are an American football team based in Green Bay, Wisconsin . |
9,369 | 1,038 | 1 | 0 | where did the nickname packers come from green bay | They are members of the North Division of the National Football Conference (NFC) in the National Football League (NFL). |
9,370 | 1,038 | 2 | 0 | where did the nickname packers come from green bay | Green Bay is the third-oldest franchise in the NFL, having been organized and playing in 1919. |
9,371 | 1,038 | 3 | 0 | where did the nickname packers come from green bay | The Packers are the only non-profit, community-owned major league professional sports team in the United States. |
9,372 | 1,038 | 4 | 0 | where did the nickname packers come from green bay | The Packers are the last vestige of "small town teams" that were once common in the NFL during the 1920s and 1930s. |
9,373 | 1,038 | 5 | 0 | where did the nickname packers come from green bay | Founded in 1919 by Earl "Curly" Lambeau (hence the name Lambeau Field on which the team plays) and George Whitney Calhoun , the Green Bay Packers can trace their lineage to other semi-professional teams in Green Bay dating back to 1896. |
9,374 | 1,038 | 6 | 0 | where did the nickname packers come from green bay | In 1919 and 1920 the Packers competed as a semi-professional football team against clubs from around Wisconsin and the Midwest. |
9,375 | 1,038 | 7 | 0 | where did the nickname packers come from green bay | They joined the American Professional Football Association (APFA) in 1921, the forerunner to what is known today as the National Football League (NFL). |
9,376 | 1,038 | 8 | 0 | where did the nickname packers come from green bay | Although Green Bay is the last NFL "small town" team, its local fan base and media extends into nearby Milwaukee ; the team also played selected home games there between 1933 and 1994. |
9,377 | 1,038 | 9 | 0 | where did the nickname packers come from green bay | The Green Bay Packers have won 13 league championships (more than any other team in the NFL), including nine NFL championships prior to the Super Bowl era and four Super Bowl victories —in 1967 ( Super Bowl I ), 1968 ( Super Bowl II ), 1997 ( Super Bowl XXXI ) and 2011 ( Super Bowl XLV ). |