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[ { "content": "De Wallen De Wallen () or De Walletjes () is the largest and best known red-light district in Amsterdam. It consists of a network of alleys containing approximately 300 one-room cabins rented by prostitutes who offer their sexual services from behind a window or glass door, typically illuminated with red lights and blacklight. Window prostitution is the most visible and typical kind of red-light district sex work in Amsterdam.\nFlaßhofstraße The Flaßhofstraße is street in the city of Oberhausen in the Ruhr district of Germany. It is the centre of the city's red-light district.\nGries (Graz) Gries is the 5th District of the Austrian city of Graz. It is the location of Graz's red-light district.\nProstitution in the Netherlands Prostitution in the Netherlands is legal and regulated. Operating a brothel is also legal. De Wallen, the largest and best-known Red-light district in Amsterdam, is a destination for international sex tourism.\nRed-Light District, Montreal The Red-Light District () of Montreal, Quebec, Canada was formerly centred on the intersection of Saint Laurent Boulevard and Saint Catherine Street in the borough of Ville-Marie.\nJean-Baptiste Pigalle His name is most commonly known today because of the Pigalle red-light district in Paris, located around the square of the same name.\nAmsterdam De Wallen, also known as Walletjes or Rosse Buurt, is a designated area for legalised prostitution and is Amsterdam's largest and best-known red-light district. This neighbourhood has become a famous attraction for tourists. It consists of a network of canals, streets, and alleys containing several hundred small, one-room apartments rented by sex workers who offer their services from behind a window or glass door, typically illuminated with red lights. In recent years, the city government has been closing and repurposing the famous red-light district windows in an effort to clean up the area and reduce the amount of party and sex tourism.\nThe Red Light District The Red Light District is the fourth studio album from American rapper Ludacris. The album was released on December 7, 2004, through Disturbing tha Peace and Def Jam Recordings, and was eventually certified double platinum by the RIAA. It debuted at number one on the Billboard 200 album chart with 322,000 copies sold in its first week. The album's title refers to a district in Amsterdam where prostitution is common; red-light district. The CD is accompanied by a 41-minute DVD made by Decon of Ludacris visiting the red-light district, a cannabis growroom, an adult 'cam-house' and the recording of the Red Light District CD/DVD promo concert in Amsterdam, Netherlands.\nOudekerksplein The 1968 Dutch documentary film Rondom het Oudekerksplein (Around the Oudekerksplein) gave an impression of what life in the red-light district was like in the 1960s.\nWalls of Amsterdam The well-known red-light district around the canals Oudezijds Voorburgwal and Oudezijds Achterburgwal is still known as De Wallen (The Walls), after the original Medieval earthen walls.\n\n\nWhat is the name of the largest red-light district in Amsterdam?", "role": "user" }, { "content": "The largest red-light district in Amsterdam is De Wallen.", "role": "assistant" } ]

[ { "content": "Chalet, Una Most of the people move out of town for professional education, resulting in a migration of people to cities for jobs and income. People are religious and quite simple in their approach.\nNan Bangs McKinnell Nan and Jim spent much of their married life traveling and creating together. The two are remembered as artistic partners with most of their work having been made collaboratively. The two traveled across America and the world, working at colleges and artist's colonies while developing their craft. In 1953, Nan and James attended a ceramics workshop at the Archie Bray Foundation and decided to stay and work there for several years. It was at the Bray where Nan began developing glazes. Nan's deep copper glaze is still widely used today. Her glaze-making also opened up an appreciation for the decorative side of ceramics. As Nan and Jim began working more collaboratively, Nan's decorative eye came out more. In their process, often one would throw a piece on the wheel and the other would decorate it, combining their two separate artistic eyes and influences. Nan was drawn to natural shapes and forms, drawing on flowers, leaves, insects, and other animals.\nPong Nan Nan Yik-Pong, better known by his stage name Pong Nan (; born 15 May 1978), is a Cantopop musician, singer-songwriter and actor in Hong Kong of Hakka ancestry.\nNan Bangs McKinnell In Seattle, Nan began working as a teacher once again, earning money to help support her family back in Nebraska. It wasn't long until Nan was applying for graduate school, and after a few years in Seattle, she was taking summer classes at the University of Washington where she started her art. While the men were away at war, Nan began teaching in an architectural drawing and design classes at the University. As she continued her own studies, Nan realized that painting and design were not her forte and took an introductory class in ceramic engineering and was drawn to clay as an artistic medium.\nSgùrr nan Clach Geala The most usual route of ascent approaches from the north starting at a parking spot on the A832 at grid reference and climbs the adjoining Munro of Meall a' Chrasgaidh before climbing Sgùrr nan Clach Geala. Most walkers will continue south from the summit to take in Sgùrr nan Each before returning to the starting point via the Allt Breabaig.\nSportsFigures SportsFigures is an American educational television series for middle and high school aged teenagers produced by ESPN in association with Factory Films Inc. that aired from 1995-2007 on ESPN2. The program uses sports to teach physics, general science and math. Major sports celebrities join the host in a quest to find the answer to a sports/physical phenomenon. Why does a curveball curve? What's the perfect launch angle for a snowboard jump? How can you have an ice skating rink in Southern California?\nNan Qi (artist) Nan is a contemporary Chinese ink painter depicting a variety of themes, ranging from the human form to landscapes and abstract concentric ink dots, using Chinese in and xuan rice paper. During his training as a Chinese ink painter, Nan specialised in classical landscapes inspired by Tang, Song, Yuan, Ming, and Qing dynasty artists. Early experimentation with different brush strokes and techniques, varying the dilution of ink and wash, resulted in the distinctive ink “dabs” produced in his early works. During the mid-to-late 1990s, Nan began designing and printing the catalogues for his own exhibitions, and was inspired by the dot matrices used in printing. This gave rise to a progression from ink “dabs” to more and more dot-like brush strokes, culminating in his development of his signature “halo dot” brush stroke in 2004. At this point, the themes and content of Nan’s work were becoming solidly contemporary and modern, moving away from landscapes. Over the next ten years, Nan developed a completely unique repertoire of brush strokes and ink painting techniques, including the “halo dot”, the “Nan Qi Way” for controlling ink flow into highly absorbent rice paper, and the “3D ink” technique, which allows him to create three-dimensional optical illusions by hand.\nSusan Lewis (writer) Three years after her first book was published Lewis moved to France., followed by a move to California in 1996, then to the French Riviera in 2004. During this time she met her partner, James. She returned to Gloucestershire in the UK in 2010.\nHelder Antunes Antunes started professional auto racing in 1983, shortly after his move to California. By 1987, Antunes had participated multiple times in the Nevada Open Road Challenge and the Silver State Classic, considered by Guinness World Records as the fastest road race in the world.\nKaren Hall While at William and Mary, Hall took a three-week trip to Hollywood with students from the University of Richmond. There she attended writing seminars hosted by Earl Hamner and Alan Alda. Impressed by her talent, both Hamner and Alda kept in touch with her after she returned to Virginia. With their encouragement, she decided to move to California after graduating from the University of Virginia in 1979.\n\n\nWhy do people move to California?", "role": "user" }, { "content": "There are many reasons why people may decide to move to California. California has very mild winters compared to many other parts of the United States. There are many jobs in technology, agriculture, finance, and film as well as other industries. California also has a very high number of universities for those looking to pursue higher education.", "role": "assistant" } ]

[ { "content": "Data scraping Data scraping is a technique where a computer program extracts data from human-readable output coming from another program.\nWarning label While many safe products intended for human consumption may require warning labels due to the health risks associated with using them, it is only tobacco products that have strongly worded warnings on their health risks.\nIn-vessel composting Evaluation is ongoing with regard to the health risks associated with compost derived from sewage biosolids—including identifying safe levels of contaminates such as PFASs (forever chemicals).\nRisk assessment The Threat and Risk Assessment (TRA) process is part of risk management referring to risks related to cyber threats. The TRA process will identify cyber risks, assess risks' severities, and may recommend activities to reduce risks to an acceptable level.\nAstronautical hygiene When astronauts travel in space, they are exposed to numerous hazards, such as radiation, microbes in the spacecraft, and planetary surface toxic dust, etc. During a space voyage, astronautical hygienists work on collecting data concerning a multitude of subjects. Once the data has been collected, they then analyze the data to determine, among other things, the risks to human health due to exposure to the various chemicals within the spacecraft as well as other toxins during their flight. From that, the hygienists can determine the appropriate measures to take to mitigate exposure of the astronauts to the harmful chemicals.\nVulture capitalist Although risky, venture capitalists invest in firms as there are very lucrative returns on their investments when the company they are investing in is successful. Furthermore, venture capitalists will often invest in a range of firms rather than just one or two, in order to mitigate risks if the investments are unsuccessful.\nGhillie suit There are also increased risks associated with wearing a ghillie suit in cold environments, as ghillie suits absorb water and trap it against the body, in some cases resulting in hypothermia.\nAgroecosystem analysis These are the types of questions an analyst could consider. There are no preset questions to ask, and usually more questions are derived than answered. However, the most important task an analysts can do, is to start the analysis with an open mind and under no presumptions about what is and is not sustainable for the farm holon.\nTelson (copepod) Telson is a genus of cyclopoid copepods in the family Telsidae. There are at least two described species in Telson.\nShyrodes Shyrodes is a genus of wrinkled bark beetles in the family Carabidae. There are at least two described species in Shyrodes.\n\n\nDiscuss at least two risks associated with scraping data from websites. Describe steps an analyst could take to mitigate those risks.", "role": "user" }, { "content": "No clear Terms-of-service for scrapping the B2B partnership data \n\nThe companies like Hubspot (https://legal.hubspot.com/website-terms-of-use) and Salesforce do not have a clear Terms of Service (TOS) when using partnership data. The TOS is subject to interpretation. \n\nAutomation is highly fragile \n\nWeb-scrapping the B2B partnership data with an automated scrapping tool or a programming language like Python- BeautifulSoup is a highly fragile process. The website layout, which can be dynamically changing, can break the automated scraping. Even with automatic scrapping, there will be many manual activities to normalize the data. \n\nAn analyst could list the top companies for B2B partnerships and request the companies for the B2B data. The analyst can start approaching the smaller companies and build the business model to illustrate the value of sharing B2B data, creating a flywheel where more companies will be willing to share the data.", "role": "assistant" } ]

[ { "content": "Nan Bangs McKinnell Nan and Jim spent much of their married life traveling and creating together. The two are remembered as artistic partners with most of their work having been made collaboratively. The two traveled across America and the world, working at colleges and artist's colonies while developing their craft. In 1953, Nan and James attended a ceramics workshop at the Archie Bray Foundation and decided to stay and work there for several years. It was at the Bray where Nan began developing glazes. Nan's deep copper glaze is still widely used today. Her glaze-making also opened up an appreciation for the decorative side of ceramics. As Nan and Jim began working more collaboratively, Nan's decorative eye came out more. In their process, often one would throw a piece on the wheel and the other would decorate it, combining their two separate artistic eyes and influences. Nan was drawn to natural shapes and forms, drawing on flowers, leaves, insects, and other animals.\nPong Nan Nan Yik-Pong, better known by his stage name Pong Nan (; born 15 May 1978), is a Cantopop musician, singer-songwriter and actor in Hong Kong of Hakka ancestry.\nNan Bangs McKinnell In Seattle, Nan began working as a teacher once again, earning money to help support her family back in Nebraska. It wasn't long until Nan was applying for graduate school, and after a few years in Seattle, she was taking summer classes at the University of Washington where she started her art. While the men were away at war, Nan began teaching in an architectural drawing and design classes at the University. As she continued her own studies, Nan realized that painting and design were not her forte and took an introductory class in ceramic engineering and was drawn to clay as an artistic medium.\nSgùrr nan Clach Geala The most usual route of ascent approaches from the north starting at a parking spot on the A832 at grid reference and climbs the adjoining Munro of Meall a' Chrasgaidh before climbing Sgùrr nan Clach Geala. Most walkers will continue south from the summit to take in Sgùrr nan Each before returning to the starting point via the Allt Breabaig.\nNan Qi (artist) Nan is a contemporary Chinese ink painter depicting a variety of themes, ranging from the human form to landscapes and abstract concentric ink dots, using Chinese in and xuan rice paper. During his training as a Chinese ink painter, Nan specialised in classical landscapes inspired by Tang, Song, Yuan, Ming, and Qing dynasty artists. Early experimentation with different brush strokes and techniques, varying the dilution of ink and wash, resulted in the distinctive ink “dabs” produced in his early works. During the mid-to-late 1990s, Nan began designing and printing the catalogues for his own exhibitions, and was inspired by the dot matrices used in printing. This gave rise to a progression from ink “dabs” to more and more dot-like brush strokes, culminating in his development of his signature “halo dot” brush stroke in 2004. At this point, the themes and content of Nan’s work were becoming solidly contemporary and modern, moving away from landscapes. Over the next ten years, Nan developed a completely unique repertoire of brush strokes and ink painting techniques, including the “halo dot”, the “Nan Qi Way” for controlling ink flow into highly absorbent rice paper, and the “3D ink” technique, which allows him to create three-dimensional optical illusions by hand.\nThung Chang district Neighboring districts are, from the east clockwise, Chaloem Phra Kiat, Pua, Chiang Klang and Song Khwae of Nan Province. To the north is Xaignabouli of Laos.\nJiang Nan (novelist) Yang Zhi (; born 1977), better known by the pen name Jiang Nan (), is a Chinese fantasy writer and novelist. He is the CEO of Beijing Smart Dragon Cultural Development Co, Ltd.\nNanjido Nanjido (Nan(lily) Ji(mushroom) Do(island)) (Korean: ) was an island on a branch of the Han River of Seoul, Korea.\nWebist Nan Tian, Yue Xu, Yuefeng Li, Ahmad Abdel-Hafez and Audun Josang. Product Feature Taxonomy Learning based on User Reviews\nKing Nan of Zhou King Nan of Zhou (Ji Yan; ?–256 BC), less commonly known as King Yin of Zhou, was the 37th and last king of the Chinese Zhou dynasty, the son of King Shenjing of Zhou and grandson of King Xian of Zhou. He was king from 314 BC until his death in 256 BC, a reign of fifty-nine years, the longest in the Zhou Dynasty and all of pre-imperial China. By the time of King Nan's reign, the kings of Zhou had lost almost all political and military power, as even their remaining crown land was split into two states or factions, led by rival feudal lords: West Zhou, where the capital Wangcheng was located, and East Zhou, centred at Chengzhou and Kung. Therefore, Nan lacked any personal territory and was effectively under the control of the local feudal lords, essentially relying on their charity.\n\n\nWhat is Brdinje", "role": "user" }, { "content": "Brdinje (pronounced [bəɾˈdiːnjɛ]) is a dispersed settlement in the hills southeast of Ravne na Koroškem in the Carinthia region in northern Slovenia", "role": "assistant" } ]

[ { "content": "Space tornado Tornadoes on Earth are formed within the atmosphere by thunderstorms, while space tornadoes are formed by plasma interacting with magnetic fields.\nEastern Tornadoes The Eastern Tornadoes were formed in 1999 to compete in the Auckland Rugby League's Super 12 competition. They were a merger of the Mt Wellington, Otara and Pakuranga senior sides.\nNan Bangs McKinnell Nan and Jim spent much of their married life traveling and creating together. The two are remembered as artistic partners with most of their work having been made collaboratively. The two traveled across America and the world, working at colleges and artist's colonies while developing their craft. In 1953, Nan and James attended a ceramics workshop at the Archie Bray Foundation and decided to stay and work there for several years. It was at the Bray where Nan began developing glazes. Nan's deep copper glaze is still widely used today. Her glaze-making also opened up an appreciation for the decorative side of ceramics. As Nan and Jim began working more collaboratively, Nan's decorative eye came out more. In their process, often one would throw a piece on the wheel and the other would decorate it, combining their two separate artistic eyes and influences. Nan was drawn to natural shapes and forms, drawing on flowers, leaves, insects, and other animals.\n1851 Sicily tornadoes The 1851 Sicily tornadoes were two tornadoes that swept the Marsala countryside in western Sicily, Kingdom of the Two Sicilies (now Italy) in December 8, 1851.\nPong Nan Nan Yik-Pong, better known by his stage name Pong Nan (; born 15 May 1978), is a Cantopop musician, singer-songwriter and actor in Hong Kong of Hakka ancestry.\nTornado Although this is a widely accepted theory for how most tornadoes form, live, and die, it does not explain the formation of smaller tornadoes, such as landspouts, long-lived tornadoes, or tornadoes with multiple vortices. These each have different mechanisms which influence their development—however, most tornadoes follow a pattern similar to this one.\nTornadoes of 1962 This page documents the tornadoes and tornado outbreaks of 1962, primarily (but not entirely) in the United States. Most tornadoes form in the U.S., although tornadoes events can take place internationally. Tornado statistics for older years like this often appear significantly lower than modern years due to fewer reports or confirmed tornadoes.\nTornadoes of 1959 Tornadoes and tornado outbreaks of 1959 were tornadoes that appeared primarily in the United States in that year. Most tornadoes form in the U.S., although some events may take place internationally. Tornado statistics for older years like this often appear significantly lower than modern years due to fewer reports or confirmed tornadoes.\nTornadoes of 2011 There were 1,705 tornadoes confirmed in the United States in 2011. It was the second most active year on record, with only 2004 having more confirmed tornadoes. 2011 was an exceptionally destructive and deadly year for tornadoes; worldwide, at least 571 people perished due to tornadoes: 12 in Bangladesh, two in South Africa, one each in New Zealand, the Philippines, Russia and Canada, and 553 in the United States (compared to 564 deaths in the prior ten years combined). Due mostly to several extremely large tornado outbreaks in the middle and end of April and in late May, the year finished well above average in almost every category, with six EF5 tornadoes and nearly enough total tornado reports to eclipse the mark of 1,817 tornadoes recorded in 2004, the current record year for total number of tornadoes.\nTornado intensity Around 60-70% of tornadoes are designated EF1 or EF0, also known as weak tornadoes. But weak is a relative term for tornadoes, as even these can cause significant damage. F0 and F1 tornadoes are typically short-lived; since 1980, almost 75% of tornadoes rated weak stayed on the ground for or less. In this time, though, they can cause both damage and fatalities.\n\n\nHow are tornadoes formed?", "role": "user" }, { "content": "Tornadoes are rotating columns of air that is in contact with the ground. The catalyst that lead to tornadoes are temperature and humidity instability. Warm moist air near the ground, with cooler dry air at higher altitudes combined with wind shear, a change in wind speed and/or direction with height. This unstable airmass promotes the development of strong updrafts, while wind shear will further increase the strength of the updraft, and promotes the rotation from which tornadoes are produced. Tornado intensities are measured using the Enhanced Fujita (EF) scale", "role": "assistant" } ]

[ { "content": "Comparison of Java and C++ The differences between the programming languages C++ and Java can be traced to their heritage, as they have different design goals.\nComparison of programming languages (object-oriented programming) This comparison of programming languages compares how object-oriented programming languages such as C++, Java, Smalltalk, Object Pascal, Perl, Python, and others manipulate data structures.\nFreeCodeCamp The languages and technologies currently taught by freeCodeCamp include HTML5, PHP, CSS 3, JavaScript, jQuery, Bootstrap, Sass, React.js, Node.js, Python, Express.js, MongoDB, and Git.\nSourceClear SourceClear currently supports Java, JavaScript, Ruby on Rails, Node.js, and Python. It has announced plans to support Scala and C/C++.\nMATLAB Indexing is one-based, which is the usual convention for matrices in mathematics, unlike zero-based indexing commonly used in other programming languages such as C, C++, and Java.\nHigh-level programming language Examples of high-level programming languages in active use today include Python, JavaScript, Visual Basic, Delphi, Perl, PHP, ECMAScript, Ruby, C#, Java and many others.\nObject-oriented programming Many of the most widely used programming languages (such as C++, Java, Python, etc.) are multi-paradigm and they support object-oriented programming to a greater or lesser degree, typically in combination with imperative, procedural programming. Significant object-oriented languages include:\nBBC Computer Literacy Project 2012 Unlike the original project, the 2012 version didn't prescribe a particular bespoke computer device like the BBC Micro. Rather, the interactive computer-based tools where intended to be used on a variety of platforms, including Microsoft Windows, Mac OS X and Linux. Programming languages to be covered included; HTML, CSS, JavaScript, Java and Node.js. along with XML, Databases, Python, Ruby, PHP and others.\nApache Parquet Apache Parquet is implemented using the Apache Thrift framework, which increases its flexibility; it can work with a number of programming languages like C++, Java, Python, PHP, etc.\nPython (programming language) An empirical study found that scripting languages, such as Python, are more productive than conventional languages, such as C and Java, for programming problems involving string manipulation and search in a dictionary, and determined that memory consumption was often better than Java and not much worse than C or C++.\n\n\nWhich ones are programming languages, out of C, Java, Node.js, Python, HTML, BigData, Spark?", "role": "user" }, { "content": "Well, C, Java and Python are programming languages. \nWhile HTML is a language, it is a markup language and not a programming language. Node.js is actually a framework built on top of Javascript, so it can't be classified as a language. \nBigData is a broader term used for storing, processing and usage of large amounts of data. Spark is one of the most popular distributed data processing frameworks. Spark can be used from multiple languages.", "role": "assistant" } ]

[ { "content": "Dash Either the en dash or the em dash may be used as a bullet at the start of each item in a bulleted list. (This is a matter of graphic design rather than orthography.)\nDevelopment of the Old Testament canon In the Council of Florence (1442 AD), a list was promulgated of the books of the Bible, including the books of Judith, Esther, Wisdom, Ecclesiasticus, Baruch and two books of the Maccabees as Canonical books:\nAccording to Spike Milligan The Bible—the Old Testament According to Spike Milligan is a 1993 parody novel and the first book in the series.\nBullet (typography) To create bulleted list items for a web page, the markup language HTML provides the list tag codice_1. Each list tag inside an unordered list will generate one bulleted list item.\nBullet (typography) To create bulleted list items for a document, the markup language LaTeX provides the item tag codice_2. Each item tag inside an itemized list will generate one bulleted list item.\nBullet (typography) Lists made with bullets are called bulleted lists. The HTML element name for a bulleted list is unordered list, because the list items are not arranged in numerical order (as they would be in a numbered list). Usually, bullet points are used to list things.\nOld Testament The Old Testament consists of many distinct books by various authors produced over a period of centuries. Christians traditionally divide the Old Testament into four sections: the first five books or Pentateuch (corresponds to the Jewish Torah); the history books telling the history of the Israelites, from their conquest of Canaan to their defeat and exile in Babylon; the poetic and Wisdom books dealing, in various forms, with questions of good and evil in the world; and the books of the biblical prophets, warning of the consequences of turning away from God.\nEzekiel 45 Ezekiel 45 is the forty-fifth chapter of the Book of Ezekiel in the Hebrew Bible or the Old Testament of the Christian Bible. This book contains the\nJohannes Hendricus van der Palm The individual books of the Bible originally arrived in written form in ancient languages, Biblical Hebrew and Aramaic in the case of the Old Testament, and for the New Testament Koinē Greek. By modern times, it has been translated into almost every language in the world.\nGordon Wenham Gordon J. Wenham (; born 1943) is a Reformed British Old Testament scholar and writer. He has authored several books about the Bible. Tremper Longman has called him one of the finest evangelical commentators today.\n\n\nGive me a bulleted list of the the first five books in the bible old testament?", "role": "user" }, { "content": "The first five books of the bible old testament are called the Pentateuch or the books of law\n1) The Book of Genesis - is an account of the creation of the world, the early history of humanity, and of Israel's ancestors and the origins of the Jewish people.\n2) The Book of Exodus - is the second book of the Bible. It narrates the story of the Exodus, in which the Israelites leave slavery in Biblical Egypt through the strength of Yahweh, who has chosen them as his people. \n3) The Book of Leviticus - The book has several main topics, some of which are the Jewish laws of sacrificing to God, and the work of the priests. These priests are sometimes known as Levites \n4) The Book of Numbers - is the culmination of the story of Israel's exodus from oppression in Egypt and their journey to take possession of the land God promised their fathers.\n5) The Book of Deuteronomy - is the covenant that binds Yahweh and Israel by oaths of fidelity and obedience. God will give Israel blessings of the land, fertility, and prosperity so long as Israel is faithful to God's teaching; disobedience will lead to curses and punishment.", "role": "assistant" } ]

[ { "content": "Grilled cheese A grilled cheese sandwich is made by placing a cheese filling, often cheddar or American cheese, between two slices of bread, which is then heated until the bread browns and the cheese melts. A layer of butter or mayonnaise may be added to the outside of the bread for additional flavor and texture. Alternatives may include additional ingredients, such as meat, peppers, tomatoes, or onions. Methods for heating the sandwich include cooking on a griddle, fried in a pan, or using a panini grill or sandwich toaster, the latter method more common in the United Kingdom, where the sandwiches are normally called toasted sandwiches or toasties, in Australia, where they are called jaffles or toasted sandwiches, and South Africa, where they are called “snackwiches”. Other methods include baking in an oven or toaster oven — or in a toasting bag in an electric toaster.\nGrilled cheese A grilled cheese (sometimes known as a toasted sandwich or cheese toastie) is a hot sandwich typically prepared by heating one or more slices of cheese between slices of bread, with a cooking fat such as butter, on a frying pan, griddle, or sandwich toaster, until the bread browns and the cheese melts.\nCheese sandwich A grilled cheese sandwich is a popular American cheese sandwich, in which the sandwich is heated until the cheese melts.\nCheese sandwich A cheese sandwich is a sandwich made with cheese on bread. Typically semi-hard cheeses are used for the filling, such as Cheddar, Red Leicester, or Double Gloucester. A Guardian article called the cheese sandwich a British lunchtime staple. Using a sandwich toaster or frying pan can transform the cheese sandwich into a cheese toastie.\nBacon, egg and cheese sandwich A bacon, egg and cheese sandwich is a breakfast sandwich popular in the United States and Canada. It is made with bacon, eggs (typically fried or scrambled), cheese and bread, which may be buttered and toasted. Many similar sandwiches exist, substituting alternate meat products for the bacon or using different varieties of cheese or bread.\nCheese dream The cheese dream is an open-faced version of the American grilled cheese sandwich made with bread and cheese; it is cooked with either oil, margarine, or butter. Other ingredients such as bacon, avocado, pineapple, eggs, or sliced tomato can be optionally added to the open-faced sandwich as well.\nGrilled cheese The cheese dream, an open-faced grilled cheese sandwich, became popular in the U.S. during the Great Depression. U.S. government cookbooks describe Navy cooks broiling American cheese filling sandwiches during World War II.\nCheese dream Popular in the 1950s as a comfort food, the grilled cheese sandwich has made a comeback in various incarnations in the 1990s and 2000s. It was estimated in 2001 that Americans consume around 2.2 billion grilled cheese sandwiches yearly and chefs have experimented with different types of bread and cheese in updates of the classic, old-fashioned cheese dream. Pumpernickel, sourdough, dark brown and rye bread have been used, topped with Swiss cheese, Gouda and havarti respectively. Other options include apples with mozzarella, peaches with edam and pear with gorgonzola or brie; Italian herbs, sun-dried tomatoes and mozzarella; or turkey and ham, with which a variation on a Monte Cristo can also be created. Scott Fletcher of the Grafton Village Cheese Company makes cheese dreams with rustic country bread, sharp Cheddar cheese, white pepper, eggs, milk, unsalted butter and maple syrup.\nMelt sandwich A melt sandwich is a type of hot sandwich containing cheese (sometimes grated) and some type of filling such as meat or vegetables. The sandwich is then heated until the cheese is melted. It is the filling that establishes the melt sandwich as a variation of the grilled cheese sandwich. It may be served as an open-face sandwich or a closed-face one.\nCheese sandwich A study by Len Fisher at the University of Bristol in 2003, found that the optimum thickness for the filling in a cheese sandwich is dependent on the type of cheese used, and that the sandwich should be made with a light spread of butter or margarine to enhance the flavour of the cheese.\n\n\nWhat type of cheeses can you use to make a grilled cheese sandwich.", "role": "user" }, { "content": "Common cheeses to make a grilled cheese are cheddar or American cheese, although you are not limited to those cheeses. Depending on a persons preferences there are a large variety of cheeses that are well suited for a grilled cheese sandwich. Many people enjoy Swiss cheese, provolone, mozzarella cheese, brie, Monterey jack cheese, pepper jack cheese, gouda, havarti, fontina and many others.", "role": "assistant" } ]

[ { "content": "Aglet An aglet ( ) or aiglet is a small sheath, often made of plastic or metal, attached at each end of a shoelace, a cord, or a drawstring. An aglet keeps the fibers of the lace or cord from unraveling; its firmness and narrow profile make it easier to hold and easier to feed through eyelets, lugs, or other lacing guides.\nShoelaces There are many shoelace accessories. There are hooks to help lace shoelaces tightly. They are especially useful for skates where tight lacing is important. Shoelace covers protect the laces, especially in wrestling. Shoelace charms are decorative, as are colored shoelaces. Some laces are colored using expensive dyes, other, more personal colors, are drawn-on with permanent markers. Some dress codes (especially high schools) will specifically exclude color laces and charms. Lace-locks hold laces together, eliminating the need for tying. There are shoelace tags, sometimes called deubré, with two holes or slots through which the shoelace is passed. These are worn on the section of shoelace closest to the toes, in other words the last lace, so that the image or writing on the tag is visible (as can be seen at right).\nShoelace formula The shoelace formula, shoelace algorithm, or shoelace method (also known as Gauss's area formula and the surveyor's formula) is a mathematical algorithm to determine the area of a simple polygon whose vertices are described by their Cartesian coordinates in the plane. It is called the shoelace formula because of the constant cross-multiplying for the coordinates making up the polygon, like threading shoelaces. It has applications in surveying and forestry, among other areas.\nShoelaces The stiff section at each end of the shoelace, which both keeps the twine from unraveling and also makes it easier to hold the lace and feed it through the eyelets, is called an aglet, also spelled aiglet.\nShoelace knot There are several ways to tie a shoelace knot; each starts with the tying of a half hitch, and requires attention or some habitual mechanism for arriving at a knot that is an elaboration of the reef (or square) knot rather than of the granny (or lubber's) knot. If the bow is horizontal across the opening the bow is correctly and securely tied, but if vertical is likely to slip. One approach is to start by taking, in each hand, the end of the lace that emerges from the uppermost eyelet on that hand's side of the shoe; then passing the dominant hand's end under the other end, from front toward back, and dropping each lace on the opposite side from where it started; and in the finishing step again grasping the lace on each side with the hand on that side (perhaps taking time to note that because each end crossed over the shoe before, the laces have switched handsor vice versa, the hands have switched laces) and again passing the dominant hand's end under the other end, from front toward back.\nWackel-Elvis Four injection molded semi-rigid plastic pieces constitute the circa tall figure which features printed accents on the dress and hand-painted details on hands, face and neck, hair, sunglasses, microphone and inserts in the trouser legs. Molded as one piece, the upper body of the figure including a static head is the most prominent part. The right arm with hand and microphone is also molded as one piece and attached to the upper body piece at the right shoulder by a snap-in joint with a square connector which keeps the right arm of the figure in a static position relative to the upper body piece. The lower body piece consists of the pelvic area and both legs molded as one piece. At the waist of the figure, the upper and lower body pieces are connected to each other by a flexible metal spring joint, as are the left arm piece and the upper body piece at the left shoulder. Both threaded connectors of the spring joint at the left shoulder of the figure are recessed, hiding the spring mechanism of the joint. The threaded connector of the lower body piece protrudes upward but the spring joint mechanism at the waist of the figure is concealed by a connector deeply recessed under the waist and belt portion of the jumpsuit which constitutes the bottom portion of the upper body piece.\nOlatz Gorrotxategi In 2006, her theatrical production Happy Birthday (2006-2007) was selected by the International Young Makers Marathon (IYMM) to represent the piece at different European festivals, within the IYMM program.\nStephanie Foo Foo has also been noted for her commentary on diversity in media, especially for her 2015 essay, What To Do If Your Workplace Is Too White. Introducing the piece at Transom, Jay Allison said it should be required reading for everyone involved in building our workforce or programming. At Current, Adam Ragusea praised it as frank and funny and Neiman Lab's Nicholas Quah called the piece fantastic and Foo a force of nature.\nMarcia Grostein Description: A piece of jewelry around the neck with a silver metal band and two clear plastic-like ornaments at the end with a small gold band at the end. This gives a description of art is found in everything and is shown with the different shapes along the jewelry.\nOkisaki shogi A player's promotion zone consists of the three farthest ranks, at the original line of the opponent's pawns and beyond (that is, the opponent's territory at setup). If a piece crosses the board within the promotion zone, including moves into, out of, or wholly within the zone, then that player may choose to promote the piece at the end of the turn. Promotion is effected by turning the piece over after it moves, revealing the name of its promoted rank.\n\n\nWhat is the tiny piece at the end of a shoelace called?", "role": "user" }, { "content": "An Aglet.", "role": "assistant" } ]

[ { "content": "Tryonia (plant) Tryonia is a genus of ferns in the subfamily Pteridoideae of the family Pteridaceae. Species are native to the east of Brazil and to Uruguay.\nBrazil–Uruguay border There are two disputed areas on the border between Brazil and Uruguay, which were the Brazilian Island and the Corner of Artigas (interfluve between the Quaraí River and the Arroyo Invernada). The two areas are administered by Brazil, yet are claimed for decades by Uruguay.\nBrazil–Uruguay relations Another disputed territory is Brazilian Island at the confluence of the Quaraí River and the Uruguay River.\nBrazil–Uruguay football rivalry In 1995, Brazil and Uruguay met in the final match of the 1995 Copa América. At the time, Brazil had just won the 1994 FIFA World Cup Final against Italy, and were looking to end Uruguay's streak on winning every international tournament hosted by Uruguay. The game ended 1–1 after 90 minutes, thanks to goals from Uruguay's Pablo Bengoechea and Brazil's Túlio. However, Túlio wouldn't score a goal in the penalty shootout, as his shot was saved by Uruguayan goalie, Fernando Álvez, allowing Uruguay to win the match 5–3 on penalties.\nBrazil–Uruguay relations Brazil–Uruguay relations encompass many complex relations over the span of three centuries, beginning in 1680 with the establishment of the Colónia do Sacramento, to the present day, between the Federative Republic of Brazil and the Oriental Republic of Uruguay. Brazil and Uruguay are neighbouring countries in South America, and share close political, economic and cultural ties. The singularity of the bilateral relationship between the two countries originates from a strong historical connection, as both countries having been territories of the Portuguese Empire and sharing the same language – marked by important events, such as the establishment of the Colónia do Sacramento in 1680, the invasion of the Banda Oriental by Brazil in 1815 and the subsequent creation of the Província Cisplatina, and Uruguay's independence from Brazil in 1828. The bilateral relationship was further defined by the Uruguayan Civil War (1839–1851) and the Paraguayan War (1864–1870).\nAngola–Mozambique relations Both Angola and Mozambique were united for four hundred years as part of the Portuguese Empire. Three years after the end of the Portuguese Colonial Wars, Angola and Mozambique established diplomatic relations on 5 September 1978 when both nations Presidents, Agostinho Neto of Angola, and Samora Machel of Mozambique, signed Agreements of General Cooperation.\nButia odorata It is cultivated as a fruit tree in Brazil and Uruguay, and especially the larger-fruited, semi-domesticated, pulposa-type plants are reasonably common in local orchards.\nRio do Peixe (Paraná River tributary) The park is known for its marsh deer (Blastocerus dichotomus), the largest deer in South America at up to in length, which is found in marshes with high vegetation from southern Peru and Brazil to Uruguay.\nFelino Exercise 2002 - Brazil hosts the exercise at Caatinga, in Brazil's northeast region as an FTX. Participants included Angola, Cape Verde, Guinea-Bissau, Mozambique, São Tomé and Príncipe, and Portugal. East Timor was invited to send observers.\nAngola–Brazil relations Both Angola and Brazil were once united for three hundred years as part of the Portuguese Empire. In 1646, Jesuit priest Gonçalo João succinctly stated the importance of the economic relationship between Brazil and Angola as Without Angola, there is no Brazil. Angola was a major source of slaves to Brazil, which was, out of the several European colonies in the Americas, the largest single importer of slaves during the Transatlantic Slave Trade. Two-thirds of those slaves in Brazil originated from the Angola-Congo region. Rio de Janeiro depended on the consistent influx of slaves from Angola to work on sugar cane plantations and for re-exportation to Buenos Aires in exchange for silver.\n\n\nWhat links Brazil, Uruguay, Mozambique and Angola", "role": "user" }, { "content": "Colonies of Portugal", "role": "assistant" } ]

[ { "content": "Houseplant The idea that houseplants have an appreciable effect on indoor air quality is largely based on the Clean Air Study conducted by NASA in the 1980s. The study tested plants in sealed chambers and with highly elevated levels of volatile organic compounds (specifically benzene, trichloroethylene and formaldehyde). It concluded that to the extent that houseplants improve air quality, the mechanism of action is microorganisms within the potting soil, rather than the plants themselves.\nHouseplant There are also many claimed psychological and physiological benefits to having houseplants. A critical review of the experimental literature concluded The reviewed studies suggest that indoor plants can provide psychological benefits such as stress-reduction and increased pain tolerance. However, they also showed substantial heterogeneity in methods and results. We therefore have strong reservations about general claims that indoor plants cause beneficial psychological changes. It appears that benefits are contingent on features of the context in which the indoor plants are encountered and on characteristics of the people encountering them.\nHouseplant Houseplants do not have an appreciable effect on the concentration of volatile organic compounds (VOCs) in normal home environments: it would require between 10 and 1000 houseplants per square meter to achieve the same level of VOC removal as occurs from passive exchange between indoor and outdoor air.\nHouseplant Houseplants do have a statistically significant effect on the concentrations of both carbon monoxide and carbon dioxide in normal indoor environments, reducing carbon dioxide levels by 10-25% and carbon monoxide levels by up to 90%. The effect has been investigated by NASA for use in spacecraft.\nIndoor air quality Houseplants together with the medium in which they are grown can reduce components of indoor air pollution, particularly volatile organic compounds (VOC) such as benzene, toluene, and xylene. Plants remove CO and release oxygen and water, although the quantitative impact for house plants is small. The interest in using potted plants for removing VOCs was sparked by a 1989 NASA study conducted in sealed chambers designed to replicate the environment on space stations. However, these results suffered from poor replication and are not applicable to typical buildings, where outdoor-to-indoor air exchange already removes VOCs at a rate that could only be matched by the placement of 10–1000 plants/m of a building’s floor space.\nHouseplant Most houseplants are species that have adapted to survive in a temperature range between 15 °C to 25 °C (60 °F to 80 °F) year-round, because those adapted for temperate environments require winter temperatures outside of normal indoor conditions. Within that limitation, there are houseplants which are native to many different types of habitat, from tropical rainforests to succulents and cacti native to deserts. Many houseplants are either epiphytes or live in seasonally dry ecosystems that help them adapt to the dry indoor air and inconsistent watering many houseplants are subject to. Many of houseplants from tropical areas are understory plants, and because they grown in shady conditions naturally, they are often able to thrive in lower-light conditions.\nHouseplant Plants also appear to increase the number and diversity of bacteria in homes, while reducing fungal diversity. They tend to increase humidity, reduce temperature swings, and reduce noise.\nIndoor air quality When carbon dioxide concentrations are elevated indoors relative to outdoor concentrations, it is only an indicator that ventilation is inadequate to remove metabolic products associated with human occupancy. Plants require carbon dioxide to grow and release oxygen when they consume carbon dioxide. A study published in the journal Environmental Science & Technology considered uptake rates of ketones and aldehydes by the peace lily (Spathiphyllum clevelandii) and golden pothos (Epipremnum aureum) Akira Tani and C. Nicholas Hewitt found Longer-term fumigation results revealed that the total uptake amounts were 30–100 times as much as the amounts dissolved in the leaf, suggesting that volatile organic carbons are metabolized in the leaf and/or translocated through the petiole. It is worth noting the researchers sealed the plants in Teflon bags. No VOC loss was detected from the bag when the plants were absent. However, when the plants were in the bag, the levels of aldehydes and ketones both decreased slowly but continuously, indicating removal by the plants. Studies done in sealed bags do not faithfully reproduce the conditions in the indoor environments of interest. Dynamic conditions with outdoor air ventilation and the processes related to the surfaces of the building itself and its contents as well as the occupants need to be studied.\nTradescantia pallida As a houseplant, T. pallida has been judged exceptionally effective at improving indoor air quality by filtering out volatile organic compounds, a class of common pollutants and respiratory irritants, an effect known as phytoremediation.\nIndoor air quality Since extremely high humidity is associated with increased mold growth, allergic responses, and respiratory responses, the presence of additional moisture from houseplants may not be desirable in all indoor settings if watering is done inappropriately.\n\n\nWhat the the effects of houseplants?", "role": "user" }, { "content": "There are also many claimed psychological and physiological benefits to having houseplants. Houseplants do have a statistically significant effect on the concentrations of both carbon monoxide and carbon dioxide in normal indoor environments. \nPlants also appear to increase the number and diversity of bacteria in homes, while reducing fungal diversity.They tend to increase humidity, reduce temperature swings, and reduce noise. There are also many claimed psychological and physiological benefits to having houseplants. Indoor plants can provide psychological benefits such as stress-reduction and increased pain tolerance.", "role": "assistant" } ]

[ { "content": "Grateful Dead Twelve members of the Grateful Dead (the eleven official performing members plus Robert Hunter) were inducted into the Rock and Roll Hall of Fame in 1994, and Bruce Hornsby was their presenter.\nDead & Company Mayer recounts that in 2011 he was listening to Pandora and happened upon the song Althea by the Grateful Dead, and that soon Grateful Dead music was all he would listen to. In February 2015, while Mayer was guest hosting The Late Late Show, he invited Grateful Dead guitar player Bob Weir to join him in a studio performance. A bond developed between the two, and while Weir and the other three surviving core members of the Grateful Dead were preparing for their 50th anniversary shows, dubbed , Mayer began practicing the band's large catalog of songs. That August, Mayer and original Grateful Dead members Weir, Hart, and Kreutzmann formed the band, along with keyboardist Jeff Chimenti and bassist Oteil Burbridge. Mayer expressed a particularly strong enthusiasm toward playing with the new band.\nBill Kreutzmann In 1994, Kreutzmann and the other members of the Grateful Dead were inducted into the Rock and Roll Hall of Fame.\nGrateful Dead The name Grateful Dead was chosen from a dictionary. According to Phil Lesh, [Jerry Garcia] picked up an old Britannica World Language Dictionary ... [and] ... In that silvery elf-voice he said to me, 'Hey, man, how about the Grateful Dead?' The definition there was the soul of a dead person, or his angel, showing gratitude to someone who, as an act of charity, arranged their burial. According to Alan Trist, director of the Grateful Dead's music publisher company Ice Nine, Garcia found the name in the Funk & Wagnalls Folklore Dictionary, when his finger landed on that phrase while playing a game of Fictionary. In the Garcia biography Captain Trips, author Sandy Troy states that the band was smoking the psychedelic DMT at the time. The term grateful dead appears in folktales from a variety of cultures.\nBob Weir Robert Hall Weir ( ; né Parber, born October 16, 1947) is an American musician and songwriter best known as a founding member of the Grateful Dead. After the group disbanded in 1995, Weir performed with The Other Ones, later known as The Dead, together with other former members of the Grateful Dead. Weir also founded and played in several other bands during and after his career with the Grateful Dead, including Kingfish, the Bob Weir Band, Bobby and the Midnites, Scaring the Children, RatDog, and Furthur, which he co-led with former Grateful Dead bassist Phil Lesh. In 2015, Weir, along with former Grateful Dead members Mickey Hart and Bill Kreutzmann, joined with Grammy-winning singer/guitarist John Mayer, bassist Oteil Burbridge, and keyboardist Jeff Chimenti to form the band Dead & Company. The band remains active.\nReunions of the Grateful Dead Other than Jerry Garcia, the Grateful Dead's main performing members were Bob Weir, Phil Lesh, Bill Kreutzmann and Mickey Hart. Garcia, Weir, Lesh and Kreutzmann were in the band from its inception in 1965 until its demise in 1995, while Hart had a tenure of 25 non-consecutive years. The other then-current or former members of the Grateful Dead who were living at the time that the band broke up were Tom Constanten, Donna Jean Godchaux, and Vince Welnick. Additionally, Bruce Hornsby was in the lineup for many Dead concerts and was considered an unofficial member of the band. Already deceased in 1995 were Ron Pigpen McKernan, Keith Godchaux, and Brent Mydland.\nDead & Company Summer Tour 2018 The band Dead & Company includes three former members of the Grateful Dead – Bob Weir, Bill Kreutzmann, and Mickey Hart – along with Mayer, Jeff Chimenti, and Oteil Burbridge.\nGrateful Dead Jerry Garcia died on August 9, 1995. A few months after Garcia's death, the remaining members of the Grateful Dead decided to disband. Since that time, there have been a number of reunions by the surviving members involving various combinations of musicians. Additionally, the former members have also begun or continued individual projects.\nDeadicated: A Tribute to the Grateful Dead Deadicated: A Tribute to the Grateful Dead is a 1991 tribute album with music of the Grateful Dead performed by various artists.\nJimmy Herring In 2002, Herring joined The Other Ones, a band which included four former members of the Grateful Dead — Phil Lesh, Bob Weir, Mickey Hart, and Bill Kreutzmann. Herring continued to play with the group, now renamed The Dead, in 2003 and 2004.\n\n\nWho were the original 5 members of the Grateful Dead?", "role": "user" }, { "content": "The original 5 members of the Grateful Dead were Jerry Garcia, Bob Weir, Phil Lesh, Bill Kreutzmann, and Ron \"Pigpen\" McKernan", "role": "assistant" } ]

[ { "content": "American Civics Test The American Civics Test (also known as the American Citizenship Test, U.S. Civics Test, U.S Citizenship Test, and U.S. Naturalization Test) is an oral examination that is administered to immigrants who are applying for U.S. citizenship. The test is designed to assess the applicants' knowledge of U.S. history and government. US Citizenship and Immigration Services (USCIS) administers the test as part of the naturalization process.\nWhat Is to Be Done? (Tolstoy book) What Is to Be Done?, sometimes translated as What Then Must We Do? (Russian: Так что же нам делать?), is a non-fiction work by Leo Tolstoy in which he describes the social conditions of Russia in his day.\nAmerican Civics Test The Basic Naturalization Act, passed by Congress on June 29, 1906, established the Bureau of Immigration and Naturalization, which oversaw national standardization of citizenship procedures. Prior to the 1906 law, naturalization was under the jurisdiction of the courts (municipal, county, state, or federal), where petitioners could go to the most convenient location and procedures varied. Because there was no explicit requirement to administer a test on American civics as part of the naturalization process, testing was left to the judge's discretion.\nMaharaja Ranjit Singh Armed Forces Preparatory Institute The institute conducts an entrance test in January every year. It includes grade 10 Math and English as syllabus. A merit list is prepared on the performance of written test and 150 names are short listed for the interview. After the test, a 1-day interview is conducted. The basic aim of the interview is to choose the best out of the good. There is no study required for the interview. In the interview general ability and mental level of the candidate is tested. The candidates who are selected in the interview have to go for their medical conducted by the institute. Basic aim of medical is to check for internal disabilities if any. After the medical a final merit list is prepared showing the names of 48 selected cadets.\nNan Bangs McKinnell Nan and Jim spent much of their married life traveling and creating together. The two are remembered as artistic partners with most of their work having been made collaboratively. The two traveled across America and the world, working at colleges and artist's colonies while developing their craft. In 1953, Nan and James attended a ceramics workshop at the Archie Bray Foundation and decided to stay and work there for several years. It was at the Bray where Nan began developing glazes. Nan's deep copper glaze is still widely used today. Her glaze-making also opened up an appreciation for the decorative side of ceramics. As Nan and Jim began working more collaboratively, Nan's decorative eye came out more. In their process, often one would throw a piece on the wheel and the other would decorate it, combining their two separate artistic eyes and influences. Nan was drawn to natural shapes and forms, drawing on flowers, leaves, insects, and other animals.\nCitizenship Clause The reference to naturalization in the Citizenship Clause is to the process by which immigrants are granted United States citizenship. Congress has power in relation to naturalization under the Naturalization Clause in Article I, Section 8, Clause 4 of the Constitution.\nGreen card An LPR can file an application for naturalization after five years of continuous residency in the United States. This period may be shortened to three years if married to a U.S. citizen or one year during service with the U.S. armed forces. An LPR may submit their applications for naturalization as early as 90 days before meeting the residency requirement. In addition to continuous residency, the applicants must demonstrate good moral character, pass both an English test and a civics test, and demonstrate attachment to the U.S. Constitution. In the summer of 2018, a new program was initiated to help LPRs prepare themselves for naturalization.\nPong Nan Nan Yik-Pong, better known by his stage name Pong Nan (; born 15 May 1978), is a Cantopop musician, singer-songwriter and actor in Hong Kong of Hakka ancestry.\nHome-user test Home test are done in consumers’ homes when products are consumed over a length of time or when an authentic consumption environment is required (for example, where people may modify the product by cooking methods, adding other ingredients or using the product in a personalised manner).\nMicronesian nationality law Naturalization is the conferral of FSM citizenship on an alien, or on an FSM national who is not a citizen. Naturalization procedures originally only applied to foreigners, but in 2008, Public Law 15-27 created procedures for FSM nationals to become FSM citizens as well, if they renounced the citizenship of other countries and followed certain other procedures. Naturalization is provided for in 7 FSMC § 204. Under regulations, naturalization requires a language assessment to confirm that the applicant has an ability to\n\n\nHow is the The U.S. Naturalization Interview and test done?", "role": "user" }, { "content": "During your naturalization interview, a USCIS officer will ask you questions about your application and background. Unless you qualify for an exemption, you will also take a naturalization test which is made up of two components, an English and civics test.\n\nDuring the English test, you must demonstrate an understanding of the English language including the ability to read, write, and speak basic English. \nDuring the civics test, you will answer important questions about American government and history.", "role": "assistant" } ]

[ { "content": "Magical thinking Magical thinking, or superstitious thinking, is the belief that unrelated events are causally connected despite the absence of any plausible causal link between them, particularly as a result of supernatural effects. Examples include the idea that personal thoughts can influence the external world without acting on them, or that objects must be causally connected if they resemble each other or have come into contact with each other in the past. Magical thinking is a type of fallacious thinking and is a common source of invalid causal inferences. Unlike the confusion of correlation with causation, magical thinking does not require the events to be correlated.\nMagical thinking Despite the view that magic is less than rational and entails an inferior concept of causality, in The Savage Mind (1966), Claude Lévi-Strauss suggested that magical procedures are relatively effective in exerting control over the environment. This outlook has generated alternative theories of magical thinking, such as the symbolic and psychological approaches, and softened the contrast between educated and primitive thinking: Magical thinking is no less characteristic of our own mundane intellectual activity than it is of Zande curing practices.\nMagical thinking The precise definition of magical thinking may vary subtly when used by different theorists or among different fields of study. In anthropology (the earliest research), the posited causality is between religious ritual, prayer, sacrifice, or the observance of a taboo, and an expected benefit or recompense. Later research indicates that magical thinking is also common in modern societies.\nMagical thinking In psychiatry, magical thinking is a disorder of thought content; here it denotes the false belief that one's thoughts, actions, or words will cause or prevent a specific consequence in some way that defies or circumvents commonly understood laws of causality.\nMagical Thinking (book) Magical Thinking is a 2004 memoir by American writer Augusten Burroughs. The book contains stories from the adult life of the author. Excerpts from the chapter Commercial Break can be seen in the music video for Linkin Park's Given Up.\nMagical thinking In psychology, magical thinking is the belief that one's thoughts by themselves can bring about effects in the world or that thinking something corresponds with doing it. These beliefs can cause a person to experience an irrational fear of performing certain acts or having certain thoughts because of an assumed correlation between doing so and threatening calamities.\nMagical thinking Prominent Victorian theorists identified associative thinking (a common feature of practitioners of magic) as a characteristic form of irrationality. As with all forms of magical thinking, association-based and similarities-based notions of causality are not always said to be the practice of magic by a magician. For example, the doctrine of signatures held that similarities between plant parts and body parts indicated their efficacy in treating diseases of those body parts, and was a part of Western medicine during the Middle Ages. This association-based thinking is a vivid example of the general human application of the representativeness heuristic.\nMagical Thinking (American Horror Story) On review aggregator website Rotten Tomatoes, the episode has an approval rating of 85% based on 13 reviews. The critical consensus reads: Neil Patrick Harris is a great guest star, but his turn in 'Magical Thinking' adds too hefty a storyline this late in the game.\nMagical thinking Sigmund Freud believed that magical thinking was produced by cognitive developmental factors. He described practitioners of magic as projecting their mental states onto the world around them, similar to a common phase in child development. From toddlerhood to early school age, children will often link the outside world with their internal consciousness, e.g. It is raining because I am sad.\nMagical Thinking (American Horror Story) Magical Thinking is the eleventh episode of the of the anthology television series American Horror Story, which premiered on January 7, 2015 on the cable network FX. It was written by Jennifer Salt and directed by Michael Goi.\n\n\nWhat is Magical Thinking?", "role": "user" }, { "content": "Magical thinking is the belief that unrelated events are causally connected despite the absence of any plausible causal link between them.", "role": "assistant" } ]

[ { "content": "Greece at the Olympics The tables below list the top Olympic medalists for Greece, sorted by gold, silver and then bronze medals.\n1964 Summer Olympics Conventionally, countries are ranked by the number of gold medals they receive, followed then by the number of silver medals and, finally, bronze.\nConor Dwyer Shortly after the 2011 National Championships, Dwyer competed at the 2011 Pan American Games held in Guadalajara, Mexico. At the competition, he won four medals (one gold, three silver) which included two individual silver medals.\nTVB Anniversary Award for Best Drama The following is a list of the top 5 (or top 3, depending on the year) nominated drama series since 1997.\nKjetil André Aamodt By winning the super-G race at the 2006 Olympics, Aamodt became the first male alpine skier to win four gold medals in the Olympics. (Toni Sailer and Jean-Claude Killy both swept the three alpine events at a single Olympics, and Alberto Tomba won three gold medals over two Olympics.)\nHenadz Maroz Maroz won silver medals at the Universiade in 2001 and 2005. He has competed in other major competitions like the 2004 Summer Olympics and the 2005 World Championships without success.\nBrownsea Open Air Theatre In 2009 B.O.A.T was included in Debrett's list of the top five things to do in England and in 2019 Woman's Weekly featured B.O.A.T as one of the Top 5 Open Air Theatres in the UK.\nBrainstorming In the laboratory, directed brainstorming has been found to almost triple the productivity of groups over electronic brainstorming.\nRaisa Smetanina Smetanina took part in five Olympics, representing the Soviet team four times and the Unified Team once. In particular, Smetanina won two gold and one silver medals at the 1976 Winter Olympics, becoming the most successful athlete there, along with Rosi Mittermaier of West Germany.\nGalicia (Spain) Galicia is also known for its tradition of participation in water sports both at sea and in rivers; these include rowing, yachting, canoeing and surfing. Its athletes have regularly won medals in the Olympics; currently, the most notable examples are David Cal, Carlos Pérez Rial, and Fernando Echavarri.\n\n\nList top 5 people with most silver medals in the olympics", "role": "user" }, { "content": "1. Larisa Latynina - 5 medals\n2. Nikolai Andrianov - 5 medals\n3. Edoardo Mangiarotti - 5 medals\n4. Ireen Wust - 5 medals\n5. Isabell Werth - 5 medals", "role": "assistant" } ]

[ { "content": "Joe Biden Born in Scranton, Pennsylvania, Biden moved with his family to Delaware in 1953. He studied at the University of Delaware before earning his law degree from Syracuse University. He was elected to the New Castle County Council in 1970 and became the sixth-youngest senator in U.S. history after he was elected to the United States Senate from Delaware in 1972, at age 29. Biden was the chair or ranking member of the Senate Foreign Relations Committee for 12 years. He chaired the Senate Judiciary Committee from 1987 to 1995; led the effort to pass the Violent Crime Control and Law Enforcement Act and the Violence Against Women Act; and oversaw six U.S. Supreme Court confirmation hearings, including the contentious hearings for Robert Bork and Clarence Thomas.\nJoe Biden Biden ran unsuccessfully for the Democratic presidential nomination in 1988 and 2008, before becoming Obama's vice president after they won the 2008 presidential election. During his two terms as vice president, Biden frequently represented the administration in negotiations with congressional Republicans and was a close counselor to President Obama.\nElectoral history of Joe Biden A member of the Democratic Party, Biden was elected to the New Castle County Council in 1970, and became the sixth-youngest senator in American history when he was elected to the U.S. Senate from Delaware in 1972, at the age of 29. He was re-elected to the Senate six times, and was the fourth-most senior senator. He ran unsuccessfully for the Democratic presidential nomination in both 1988 and 2008.\nJoe Biden 2008 presidential campaign Seven months after the conclusion of his campaign, Biden was selected to be Democratic presidential nominee Barack Obama's vice presidential running mate. The pair won in the general election, and were sworn in on January 20, 2009, causing Biden to leave the Senate after 36 years. Years later, in the 2020 election, Biden would go on to become the Democratic presidential nominee, defeating Obama's successor, the 45th president and Republican nominee Donald Trump, becoming the 46th president of the United States.\n2008 United States Senate election in Delaware On August 23, 2008, Democratic Party presidential nominee Barack Obama announced that he had selected Biden to serve as his vice presidential running mate. Under Delaware law, Biden could run simultaneously for both his Senate seat and for vice president, which he decided to do.\n2008 United States Senate elections On August 23, 2008, the Democratic nominee for President, Barack Obama, announced that Biden would be joining him on the ticket as the vice presidential nominee. Delaware law allowed Biden to run for Vice President and senator at the same time, so he would have kept the Senate seat if the presidential ticket had lost. In 1988 and 2000, the Democratic Vice-Presidential nominees Lloyd Bentsen and Joe Lieberman, ran similarly for their seat in Texas and Connecticut, respectively. On November 4, 2008, Barack Obama won the presidential election, making Biden the next VP. Biden vacated his senate seat shortly after the election, allowing for the Governor of Delaware to appoint a successor. There was speculation as to whether the outgoing Governor, Ruth Ann Minner, or the incoming Governor-elect Jack Markell would make the appointment, and if Biden's son, Delaware Attorney General Beau Biden would receive the appointment. On November 24, 2008, Governor Minner appointed Biden's longtime Chief of Staff Ted Kaufman to fill the seat. Kaufman subsequently announced that he would not seek election to a full term in 2010, effectively making him a caretaker. Biden's Republican opponent in the Senate race, conservative political commentator Christine O'Donnell, tried to make an issue of Biden's dual campaigns, claiming that serving his constituents is not important to him.\nJoe Biden (The Onion) Joe Biden is an American politician and the 46th and current president of the United States. A member of the Democratic Party, Biden represented Delaware in the U.S. Senate from 1973 to 2009. As the running mate of Barack Obama, Biden was elected vice president of the United States in 2008 and 2012. In his third presidential campaign—following previous efforts in 1988 and 2008—he was elected President of the United States in 2020.\nPresidency of Joe Biden Joe Biden's tenure as the 46th president of the United States began with his inauguration on January 20, 2021. Biden, a Democrat from Delaware who previously served as vice president under Barack Obama, took office following his victory in the 2020 presidential election over Republican incumbent president Donald Trump. Upon his inauguration, he became the oldest president in American history. Biden entered office amid the COVID-19 pandemic, an economic crisis, and increased political polarization.\nJoe Biden 2020 presidential campaign Former vice president Joe Biden began his presidential campaign on April 25, 2019 by releasing a video announcing his candidacy in the 2020 Democratic Party presidential primaries. The campaign concluded with him and his running mate Kamala Harris defeating incumbent president Donald Trump and vice president Mike Pence in the general election. Biden, the vice president of the United States from 2009 to 2017 and a former U.S. senator from Delaware, had been the subject of widespread speculation as a potential 2020 candidate after declining to be a candidate in the 2016 election, which saw Donald Trump winning over Hillary Clinton, who was supported by Biden.\n1972 United States Senate election in Delaware The 1972 United States Senate election in Delaware was held November 7, 1972. Incumbent Republican United States Senator J. Caleb Boggs ran for a third term in the United States Senate. Boggs faced off against Democrat Joe Biden, a New Castle County Councilman. Though Boggs was expected to easily win a third term, Biden narrowly defeated the incumbent on election day, even while fellow Democrat George McGovern lost Delaware by 20.4% in the concurrent presidential election. Biden's victory margin of 3,162 votes made this the closest U.S. Senate election of the year. Biden would go on to win a total of seven terms in the Senate, before being elected vice president in 2008 and in 2012 and president in 2020. At the age of 29, Biden became the youngest person to be elected senator since Rush Holt won in West Virginia in 1934. This is the only time that Biden has lost Sussex County in his seven elections to the Senate, though he has lost the county in all his presidential elections.\n\n\nBased on this paragraph, how many times has Joe Biden run for president and what characteristics make him unique among all past presidents?", "role": "user" }, { "content": "Based on this paragraph, Joe Biden has run for president three times, losing in 1988 and 2008 and eventually winning in 2020. As president, he is unique in three ways: the first to have a female vice president, and the first president from the state of Delaware.", "role": "assistant" } ]

[ { "content": "Pajamas Pajamas are usually worn as nightwear with bare feet and without undergarments. They are often worn for comfort by people in their homes, especially by children, especially on the weekend.\nThe Conversation (Matisse) The pajamas worn by Matisse were fashionable as leisure wear in early 20th century France. They had recently been introduced to Europe from India, where they were worn by tea planters, and Matisse habitually thereafter wore pajamas as his studio working clothes.\nPhawlone Phawlone (, ) is an ornamental turban worn by Burmese men, worn as a rolled head band with a leaf-like protrusion at the back. In the pre-colonial era, the phawlone was worn by male members of the Burmese court. In modern-day Myanmar, the phawlone is worn by boys during the shinbyu ceremony, and by Burmese dancers.\nFire Services Bureau The uniform and insignia worn by CB personnel follows the model worn by the firefighters of Portugal.\nEarly Whitney Early Whitney is an EP by American hip hop artist Why?. It was released by Anticon on October 6, 2003, four months after Why?'s second studio album Oaklandazulasylum.\nFlamenco shoe A flamenco shoe is a type of shoe worn by flamenco dancers. They are typically worn by female dancers, they are called flamenco heel, often with traje de flamenca costumes. Male flamenco dancers traditionally wear short, heeled boots, although there are now some flamenco shoe styles available for men.\nLong underwear Long underwear, also called long johns or thermal underwear, is a style of two-piece underwear with long legs and long sleeves that is normally worn during cold weather. It is commonly worn by people under their clothes in cold countries.\nKimono In the summer months (from June until October in the most stringent kimono guides, such as those for tea ceremony), kimono are unlined (); for the rest of the year, they are lined (). This applies to all types of kimono, with a few caveats: the very informal is always unlined, and thus only worn in summer; the most formal kimono, in contrast, are unlikely to be worn unlined in summer, as many people simply do not have more than one formal kimono to wear, and do not wear formal kimono often enough to warrant the purchase of a new, unlined kimono, just for summer wear. also change fabric type in the summer months.\nFlip-flops This style of footwear has been worn by the people of many cultures throughout the world, originating as early as the ancient Egyptians in 1,500 B.C.\nRoach (headdress) Porcupine hair roaches are a traditional male headdress of a number of Native American tribes in what is now New England, the Great Lakes and Missouri River regions, including the Potawatomi who lived where Chicago now stands. They were and still are most often worn by dancers at pow wows as regalia.\n\n\nWhat articles of clothes are often worn by people in summer months?", "role": "user" }, { "content": "In summer, when the weather is warmer, it is typical for people to wear shorts or skirts, light shirts, and sandals. People can also wear swimming suits with cover ups if they are somewhere where swimming is likely, such as a beach, pool, or water park.", "role": "assistant" } ]

[ { "content": "Xenia Onatopp Xenia Zaragevna Onatopp () is a fictional character and Bond girl in the James Bond film GoldenEye, played by actress Famke Janssen. She is a fighter pilot and assassin who crushes her enemies with her thighs, working for the renegade MI6 agent Alec Trevelyan (Sean Bean).\nFerrari F355 In the 1995 James Bond film Goldeneye, femme fatale Xenia Onatopp races in a Ferrari F355 with James Bond in an Aston Martin DB5 in the hills above Monte Carlo.\nFamke Janssen Famke Beumer Janssen (; born ) is a Dutch actress. She played Xenia Onatopp in GoldenEye (1995), Jean Grey / Phoenix in the X-Men film series (2000–2014), and Lenore Mills in the Taken film trilogy (2008–2014). In 2008, she was appointed a Goodwill Ambassador for Integrity by the United Nations. She made her directorial debut with Bringing Up Bobby in 2011. She is also known for her roles in the Netflix original series Hemlock Grove (2013–2015), FX’s Nip/Tuck (2003–2010), and ABC's How to Get Away with Murder (2014–2020). Janssen starred in the 2017 NBC crime thriller .\nPort Hercules In 1995, the harbour was used as a location in the James Bond film GoldenEye. Bond (played for the first time by Pierce Brosnan) tries to stop the villainous Xenia Onatopp (Famke Janssen) from stealing a helicopter, but she escapes when Bond is foiled by the local police who are unaware of who he is.\nRachel ter Horst She had an uncredited role as a girl in the casino in the James Bond movie GoldenEye, and co-presented The Lads Guide To Rio.\nXenia Onatopp She appeared in the spinoff Bond game where she works for Dr. Julius No and is Agent GoldenEye's alluring opponent. She is commander of No's army, which has taken over the Hoover Dam. She is killed after being thrown off of the Hoover Dam while fighting Goldeneye. In the game, her likeness was based on Famke Janssen but was voiced by actress Jenya Lano.\nGoldenEye: Rogue Agent GoldenEye: Rogue Agent is a first-person shooter video game in the James Bond franchise, developed by EA Los Angeles and published by Electronic Arts. The player takes the role of an ex-MI6 agent, who is recruited by Auric Goldfinger (a member of a powerful unnamed criminal organization based on Ian Fleming's SPECTRE) to assassinate his rival Dr. No. Several other characters from the Bond franchise make appearances throughout the game, including Pussy Galore, Oddjob, Xenia Onatopp and Francisco Scaramanga.\nGoldenEye Often cited as Pierce Brosnan's best Bond film, GoldenEyes reputation has only improved since its release. It is ranked high in Bond-related lists, as IGN chose it as the fifth-best movie, while Entertainment Weekly ranked it eighth, and Norman Wilner of MSN as ninth. EW also voted Xenia Onatopp as the sixth-most memorable Bond girl, while IGN ranked Natalya as seventh in a similar list. The film enjoys a large and enthusiastic following among Bond fans, especially those who grew up with the GoldenEye 007 video game.\nGoldenEye The game was modified into a racing game intended to be released for the Virtual Boy console. However, it was cancelled before release. In 2004, Electronic Arts released , the first game of the James Bond series in which the player does not take on the role of Bond. Instead, the protagonist is an aspiring Double-0 agent Jonathan Hunter, known by his codename GoldenEye, recruited by a villain of the Bond universe, Auric Goldfinger. Except for the appearance of Xenia Onatopp, it was unrelated to the film, and was released to mediocre reviews. It was excoriated by several critics including Eric Qualls for using the name GoldenEye as an attempt to ride on the success of Rare's game. In 2010, an independent development team released , a multiplayer only total conversion mod developed using Valve's Source engine.\nBond girl A Bond girl is a character who is a love interest or female companion of James Bond in a novel, film or video game. Bond girls occasionally have names that are double entendres or puns, such as Pussy Galore, Plenty O'Toole, Xenia Onatopp, or Holly Goodhead.\n\n\nWhich Dutch actress played Xenia Onatopp in the James Bond movie GoldenEye?", "role": "user" }, { "content": "Dutch actress Marijke Janssen played Xenia Onatopp in the James Bond movie GoldenEye.", "role": "assistant" } ]

[ { "content": "2001 southern Peru earthquake The size and location of the earthquake caused a local tsunami in Peru as well as smaller tsunamis in other countries and on other continents. The magnitude of the local tsunami that was caused by the earthquake was measured as Mt=8.2 by the Earthquake Research Institute and waves from the local tsunami were recorded to be 5 to 8 meters high. The local tsunami that occurred in Peru caused great damage to a 20 km section of coastline located in the municipality of Camana and as a result over 3000 structures were destroyed or damaged, around 5000 acres of farmland were covered in sand. Although great damage occurred to structures in the area, the loss of human life could have been much greater had this event occurred in the summer when the area is highly populated by tourists. Another factor that greatly reduced the loss of life was the fact that a majority of the population is knowledgeable about earthquakes and their resulting tsunamis. Many of the residents felt the earthquake as well as noticed the receding water and had the ability to evacuate to higher ground to avoid the resulting tsunami. The largest non-local tsunamis occurred in Chile and waves reached heights of 257 cm. Other areas that also recorded tsunamis associated with the earthquake include the Galapagos Islands, Mexico, California, Hawaii, Alaska, Fiji, Samoan Islands, Japan, New Zealand, Tonga, and Russia.\n2010 Pichilemu earthquakes On 27 February 2010, a strong earthquake, which reached a magnitude of 8.8 on the moment magnitude scale, hit central Chile. The earthquake occurred in the region of the plate boundary between the Nazca and South American plates, offshore Maule Region. The earthquake produced a tsunami which caused great damage in cities and towns along the Chilean coast; Pichilemu was badly damaged after the earthquake and tsunami struck.\nOkushiri Island Okushiri has been struck by several natural disasters, including the 1983 Sea of Japan earthquake on 26 May 1983 which killed two, and the more deadly 1993 Hokkaidō earthquake and tsunami on 12 July 1993. The 1993 earthquake had a magnitude of 7.7 on the moment magnitude scale and a maximum felt intensity of VIII (Severe) on the Mercalli intensity scale. It triggered a major tsunami that caused deaths on Hokkaidō and in southeastern Russia, with a total of 230 fatalities recorded. Okushiri Island was the hardest hit, with 198 casualties from the earthquake, tsunami and a large landslide. The tsunami inundated large parts of Okushiri, despite its tsunami defenses. The island subsided by . After the tsunami, the number of residents slowly declined, and continues to do so.\nNorth Sea The Dover Straits earthquake of 1580 is among the first recorded earthquakes in the North Sea measuring between 5.6 and 5.9 on the Richter scale. This event caused extensive damage in Calais both through its tremors and possibly triggered a tsunami, though this has never been confirmed. The theory is a vast underwater landslide in the English Channel was triggered by the earthquake, which in turn caused a tsunami. The tsunami triggered by the 1755 Lisbon earthquake reached Holland, although the waves had lost their destructive power. The largest earthquake ever recorded in the United Kingdom was the 1931 Dogger Bank earthquake, which measured 6.1 on the Richter magnitude scale and caused a small tsunami that flooded parts of the British coast.\n1882 Panama earthquake The 1882 Panama earthquake occurred on September 7 at around 03:50 (). The earthquake measured a magnitude between 7.9 and 8.3 on the surface-wave magnitude scale, making it the largest earthquake recorded in Panamanian history. It struck the San Blas Islands and was strongly felt in the City of Colón as well as the capital of Panama City. The earthquake also produced a major tsunami that had a maximum run-up of 3 meters (9.84 ft.). In total, the earthquake killed 250 people, 75 of which were from the tsunami. The earthquake and tsunami also halted the construction of the Panama Canal by a few months.\n1938 Banda Sea earthquake At around 04:00 local time, a large earthquake started to shake the Banda islands. With a moment magnitude () of 8.5–8.6, the earthquake caused a destructive tsunami of 1 meter at the Kai islands. The tsunami expected for an earthquake of this size is much greater, such as of those in 1629 and 1852, however this earthquake occurred at a depth of 60km which impeded much of the ocean floor displacement which leads to a tsunami. This earthquake is of significant scientific interest as it remains a mystery as to precisely which fault produced this earthquake. Some studies consider this earthquake the largest intraslab earthquake we know of.\n1703 Genroku earthquake The area of greatest damage due to the earthquake shaking was in Kanagawa Prefecture, although Shizuoka Prefecture was also affected. The earthquake caused many large fires, particularly at Odawara, increasing both the degree of damage and the number of deaths. A total of 8,007 houses were destroyed by the shaking and a further 563 houses by the fires, causing 2,291 deaths. About of coastline was severely affected by the tsunami, with deaths being caused from Shimoda on the east coast of the Izu Peninsula in the west to Isumi on the east side of the Bōsō Peninsula to the east. There was also a single death on the island of Hachijō-jima about south of the earthquake's epicentre, where the tsunami was high. The total number of casualties from earthquake, fires and tsunami has been reported as 5,233. Other estimates are higher, with 10,000 in total, and one source that gives 200,000.\n1973 Nemuro earthquake In 1894, a large subduction megathrust earthquake with an estimated magnitude of 8.3 ruptured a 200 km section of the subduction zone. It generated a tsunami with wave heights of up to 4 meters slamming into the coast between 20 minutes to one hour after the earthquake. Both the earthquake and tsunami damaged many homes and caused ground fissures. The waves washed away many homes, a few vessels and bridges. At least one person was killed and some residents were injured.\n1822 Valparaíso earthquake The 1822 Valparaíso earthquake was a major earthquake that occurred in Valparaíso, Chile on November 19, 1822. The earthquake has an estimated surface wave magnitude of 8.5. It triggered a moderate tsunami measuring up to along the Chilean coast. The earthquake and tsunami killed between 72 and 300 people and left a further 200 injured.\nL'Aquila On April 6, 2009, at 01:32 GMT (03:32 CEST) an earthquake of 6.3 magnitude struck central Italy with its epicentre near L'Aquila, at . Initial reports said the earthquake caused damage to between 3,000 and 10,000 buildings in L'Aquila. Several buildings also collapsed. 308 people were killed by the earthquake, and approximately 1,500 people were injured. Twenty of the victims were children. Around 65,000 people were made homeless. There were many students trapped in a partially collapsed dormitory. The April 6 earthquake was felt throughout Abruzzo; as far away as Rome, other parts of Lazio, Marche, Molise, Umbria, and Campania.\n\n\nWhich of the 10 largest earthquakes was the deadliest?", "role": "user" }, { "content": "The 2004 earthquake on Sumatra, Indonesia was the deadliest. It caused a tsunami that killed more than 200,000 people.", "role": "assistant" } ]

[ { "content": "On the Train On The Train is a poem by Gillian Clarke. Its chief subject matter is the Paddington rail crash and its aftermath.\nScott Fauble This was the year his Inside a Marathon, with coach Ben Rosario, was published. It told the story of how elites plan and train for a goal race.\nEmine Sevgi Özdamar I am a person who prefers to be in transit. My favourite place is to sit on the train between the countries. The train is a beautiful home.\nTallahassee Marathon The Tallahassee Marathon is a marathon held in Tallahassee, the state capital of Florida, since 1975.\nElena Mosaner In 2016 Elena Mosaner was interviewed by Good Morning America about hypnosis for exercise motivation. She hypnotizes a client to train for a NYC half marathon and explains how hypnosis works.\nMarathon Over 350 individuals have completed a marathon in each state of the United States plus Washington, D.C. and some have done it as many as eight times. Beverly Paquin, a 22-year-old nurse from Iowa, was the youngest woman to run a marathon in all 50 states in 2010. A few weeks later, still in 2010, Morgan Cummings (also 22) became the youngest woman to complete a marathon in all 50 states and DC. In 2004, Chuck Bryant of Miami, Florida, who lost his right leg below the knee, became the first amputee to finish this circuit. Bryant has completed a total of 59 marathons on his prosthesis. Twenty-seven people have run a marathon on each of the seven continents, and 31 people have run a marathon in each of the Canadian provinces. In 1980, in what was termed the Marathon of Hope, Terry Fox, who had lost a leg to cancer and so ran with one artificial leg, attained of his proposed cross-Canada cancer fundraising run, maintaining an average of over , close to the planned marathon distance, for each of 143 consecutive days.\nMarathon course-cutting Marathon course-cutting occurs when runners complete less than an entire course of a marathon before going over the finish line. The standard length of a marathon course is 42.195 kilometers, about 26.2 miles. Course-cutting may be intentional or unintentional and can be achieved by various means: when done intentionally, course-cutting constitutes cheating.\nBrainstorming In the laboratory, directed brainstorming has been found to almost triple the productivity of groups over electronic brainstorming.\nNestlé Nido Young Stars It is an educational talk show based program focusing on how to raise high performing children. There is a nutritionist and an educationist in the show to talk about the topics of the day and to give tips to the audience about their children. Mothers was engaged in involved parenting by gaining access to a wide range of nutritional and educational topics, with experts advice and the much-needed dose of motherly wisdom that epitomizes motherhood.\nHow to Train a Dog How to Train a Dog is a 1936 short film released through MGM Studios starring Robert Benchley. The short film reveals how not to train a dog, as the character Benchley gets the dog from a pet store.\n\n\nGive me some tips on how to train for a marathon.", "role": "user" }, { "content": "- Come up with a training plan\n- Plan for 3-5 months of training\n- Increase your daily mileage gradually\n- Increase your weekly mileage gradually\n- Have a mix of speedwork and endurance work\n- Include sessions to build strength\n- Stretch before and after your runs\n- Include rest days for recovery\n- Pay attention to nutrition and hydration\n- Pay attention to hydration\n- Taper 2 weeks before the marathon\n- Go for it, good luck on race day!", "role": "assistant" } ]

[ { "content": "United Kingdom The United Kingdom is a constitutional monarchy and parliamentary democracy. The capital and largest city is London, a global city and financial centre with a metropolitan area population of over 14 million. Other major cities include Birmingham, Manchester, Glasgow, Liverpool and Leeds. Scotland, Wales, and Northern Ireland have their own devolved governments, each with varying powers. The UK became the world's first industrialised country and was the world's foremost power during the 19th and early 20th centuries. In the 21st century, the UK retains considerable economic, cultural, military, scientific, technological and political influence. The United Kingdom has the world's sixth-largest economy by nominal gross domestic product (GDP), and the eighth-largest by purchasing power parity. It has a high-income economy and a very high Human Development Index rating, ranking 18th in the world. It also performs well in international rankings of education, healthcare, life expectancy and human development. It is a recognised nuclear state and is ranked fourth globally in military expenditure. It has been a permanent member of the United Nations Security Council since its first session in 1946.\nGreat Britain London is the capital of England and the whole of the United Kingdom, and is the seat of the United Kingdom's government. Edinburgh and Cardiff are the capitals of Scotland and Wales, respectively, and house their devolved governments.\nPolitics of Alberta The Politics of Alberta are centred on a provincial government resembling that of the other Canadian provinces, namely a constitutional monarchy and parliamentary democracy. The capital of the province is Edmonton, where the provincial Legislative Building is located.\nFederalism in the United Kingdom The United Kingdom is a constitutional monarchy governed via parliamentary democracy. It comprises the countries of England, Scotland and Wales, as well as Northern Ireland. The UK also operates a system of devolution from a central UK parliament and prime minister as head of government, to the devolved legislatures of the Scottish Parliament, Senedd and Northern Ireland Assembly with first ministers. In England, only Greater London, combined authorities, and the counties of Cornwall and Yorkshire, currently have varying degrees of devolved powers, with proposals for a England-wide or regional devolution.\nConstitutional reform in the United Kingdom The United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland is a constitutional monarchy governed via a Westminster system of parliamentary democracy. It comprises the four constituent parts of England, Scotland, Wales and Northern Ireland. The UK also operates a system of devolution from a central UK parliament and prime minister as head of government, to the devolved legislatures of the Scottish Parliament, Senedd and Northern Ireland Assembly with their respective first ministers. In England, only Greater London, combined authorities, and the counties of Cornwall and Yorkshire, currently have varying degrees of devolved powers, with proposals for a England-wide or regional devolution.\nPolitics of the United Kingdom The United Kingdom is a unitary state with devolution that is governed within the framework of a parliamentary democracy under a constitutional monarchy in which the monarch, currently Charles III, King of the United Kingdom, is the head of state while the Prime Minister of the United Kingdom, Rishi Sunak, is the head of government. Executive power is exercised by the British government, on behalf of and by the consent of the monarch, and the devolved governments of Scotland, Wales and Northern Ireland. Legislative power is vested in the two chambers of the Parliament of the United Kingdom, the House of Commons and the House of Lords, as well as in the Scottish, Northern Irish and Welsh parliaments.\nBelfast Belfast ( , ; from , meaning 'mouth of the sand-bank ford') is the capital and largest city of Northern Ireland, standing on the banks of the River Lagan on the east coast. It is the 12th-largest city in the United Kingdom and the second-largest in Ireland. It had a population of 345,418 .\nLondon London is the capital and largest city of England and the United Kingdom, with a population of just under 9 million. It stands on the River Thames in south-east England at the head of a estuary down to the North Sea, and has been a major settlement for two millennia. The City of London, its ancient core and financial centre, was founded by the Romans as Londinium and retains its medieval boundaries. The City of Westminster, to the west of the City of London, has for centuries hosted the national government and parliament. Since the 19th century, the name London has also referred to the metropolis around this core, historically split between the counties of Middlesex, Essex, Surrey, Kent, and Hertfordshire, which largely comprises Greater London, governed by the Greater London Authority.\nConservation in the United Kingdom With the advent of devolved government for Scotland, Wales and Northern Ireland and of evolving regional government for England, the responsibilities for environment and conservation in the United Kingdom have become more complicated.\nHomelessness in the United Kingdom The definition of priority need varies between England, Scotland, Wales, and Northern Ireland, but generally includes any of following conditions being met:\n\n\nExtract the names of the cities and rank them in alphabetical order?", "role": "user" }, { "content": "The cities listed in alphabetical order are Belfast, Cardiff, Edinburgh and London.", "role": "assistant" } ]

[ { "content": "Smallmouth bass The current all-tackle world record for a smallmouth bass is 11 lb 15 oz, caught by David Hayes in the Dale Hollow Reservoir, on the Kentucky/Tennessee border, in 1955.\nSpotted bass The spotted bass is also often confused with a smallmouth bass (or smally for short), but it lacks the vertical bars that are present on the sides of a smallmouth's body. The spotted bass also has small black spots below the lateral line unlike either the large or smallmouth bass. Juveniles often resemble the young smallmouth bass in having a broad band of orange at the base of the tail, followed by a broad black band and white edge. The spotted bass is known to hybridize with the smallmouth, which sometimes makes identification difficult. Spotted bass can be found in deeper water than smallmouth bass, at depths up to .\nSmallmouth bass Today, smallmouth bass are very popular game fish, frequently sought by anglers using conventional spinning and bait casting gear, as well as fly fishing tackle. The smallmouth bass is potentially the toughest fighting freshwater fish in North America, and is commonly the targeted species in many fresh water fishing tournaments. In addition to wild populations, the smallmouth bass is stocked in cool rivers and lakes throughout Canada and the United States. In shallow streams, it is a wary fish, though usually not to the extent of most trout. The smallmouth is highly regarded for its topwater fighting ability when hooked – old fishing journals referred to the smallmouth bass as ounce for ounce and pound for pound the gamest fish that swims. Smallmouth bass are not usually taken for the table, but rather are caught and released by most anglers. However, smaller specimens in cooler water often have higher quality filets of white, firm flesh when cooked.\nBeaver River (New York) The Beaver River is a true northern freshwater fishery, consisting of Northern Pike, Pickerel, Walleye, Smallmouth Bass, Bullhead, Catfish, Muskellenge, Carp, and Sunfish. Smallmouth Bass are a staple of the river, and it is not uncommon to catch a nice 20 bass anywhere is the upper reservoirs, particularly Effley and Soft Maple. Soft Maple Reservoir is the only place on the Beaver River that supports a population of Tiger Muskellenge, which are stocked on a periodic basis by the NYS DEC.\nSmallmouth bass The smallmouth bass is native to the upper and middle Mississippi River basin, the Saint Lawrence River–Great Lakes system, and the Hudson Bay basin. Its common names include smallmouth, bronzeback, brown bass, brownie, smallie, bronze bass, and bareback bass.\nSmallmouth bass The smallmouth bass is found in clearer water than the largemouth, especially streams, rivers, and the rocky areas and stumps and also sandy bottoms of lakes and reservoirs. It can also survive in a stronger current than other black bass. The smallmouth prefers cooler water temperatures than its cousin the largemouth bass, and as a result will often seek out deeper, faster moving water during the hot summer months. Because it is intolerant of pollution, the smallmouth bass is a good natural indicator of a healthy environment, though they are still much more resilient than most trout species. Carnivorous, its diet comprises crayfish, amphibians, insects, and smaller fish, while the larvae feed on various zooplankton and insect larvae. Adults also cannibalize young of other parents.\nSmallmouth bass When the weather gets colder, and the water temperature drops below 15 C (60 F), smallmouth will often migrate in search of deeper pools in which they enter a semi-hibernation state, moving sluggishly and feeding very little until the warm season returns. The migration patterns of smallmouth have been tracked and it is not unusual for a smallmouth to travel 12 miles in a single day in a stream, creek or river. The overall migration can exceed 60 miles.\nSmallmouth bass Riverine smallmouth that live in dark water tend to be rather torpedo-shaped and very dark brown to be more efficient for feeding. Lacustrine smallmouth bass, however, that live in sandy areas, tend to be a light yellow-brown and are more oval-shaped.\nAquatic invasive species in Canada The smallmouth bass is only an invasive species in some parts of Canada, as it is a native species to the Great Lakes and connected waters. The smallmouth bass has mostly been introduced due to fishing, either being used as bait or being purposefully added to new lakes to be fished. They have a thinner body than the largemouth bass, with a mouth that does not go past the eye and stripes near the eye. The overall body shape and color is dependent on its environment, so the smallmouth bass can have different appearances.\nFort Frances Canadian Bass Championship The idea of a catch and release smallmouth bass tournament on Rainy Lake first surfaced after the In-Fisherman Professional Walleye Trail held its first annual championship on Rainy Lake in the fall of 1990. Many of the anglers that fished that walleye tournament were amazed with the quality of the smallmouth bass fishery on Rainy Lake.\n\n\nWrite a guide for how to catch a smallmouth bass.", "role": "user" }, { "content": "The smallmouth bass is a common freshwater fish, found in the rivers and lakes of North America. Its habitat stretches between northeastern Canada and a small range of waterways in Mexico. Fishermen of all ages enjoy catching the smallmouth bass, because of its propensity for jumping out of the water and trying to evade capture with vigor. You will find smallmouth enjoying shallower waters in the cool parts of the day, attracted to surface baits like imitation frogs, minnows, and spinnerbaits. As the day warms up, smallmouth retreat to cooler waters, and you might find them schooling near a drop-off or around a deep-water mound. Smallmouth are typically caught between June and October.\n\nNote: Please adhere to local fishing regulations to know when smallmouth bass are in season. Most jurisdictions require a license to fish and have limits on how many fish can be kept.", "role": "assistant" } ]

[ { "content": "DiShIn For example, palladium, platinum, silver and gold are considered to be precious metals, and silver, gold and copper considered to be coinage metals. Thus, we have:\nMetals close to the border between metals and nonmetals Superficially, the B-subgroup metals are the metals in Groups IB to VIIB of the periodic table, corresponding to groups 11 to 17 using current IUPAC nomenclature. Practically, the group 11 metals (copper, silver and gold) are ordinarily regarded as transition metals (or sometimes as coinage metals, or noble metals) whereas the group 12 metals (zinc, cadmium, and mercury) may or may not be treated as B-subgroup metals depending on if the transition metals are taken to end at group 11 or group 12. The 'B' nomenclature (as in Groups IB, IIB, and so on) was superseded in 1988 but is still occasionally encountered in more recent literature.\nNoble metal In more specialized fields of study and applications the number of elements counted as noble metals can be smaller or larger. In physics, there are only three noble metals: copper, silver and gold. In dentistry, silver is not always counted as a noble metal since it is subject to corrosion when present in the mouth. In chemistry, the term noble metal is sometimes applied more broadly to any metallic or semimetallic element that does not react with a weak acid and give off hydrogen gas in the process. This broader set includes copper, mercury, technetium, rhenium, arsenic, antimony, bismuth and polonium, as well as gold, the six platinum group metals, and silver.\nAlkali metal The group 11 metals (or coinage metals), copper, silver, and gold, are typically categorised as transition metals given they can form ions with incomplete d-shells. Physically, they have the relatively low melting points and high electronegativity values associated with post-transition metals. The filled d subshell and free s electron of Cu, Ag, and Au contribute to their high electrical and thermal conductivity. Transition metals to the left of group 11 experience interactions between s electrons and the partially filled d subshell that lower electron mobility. Chemically, the group 11 metals behave like main-group metals in their +1 valence states, and are hence somewhat related to the alkali metals: this is one reason for their previously being labelled as group IB, paralleling the alkali metals' group IA. They are occasionally classified as post-transition metals. Their spectra are analogous to those of the alkali metals. Their monopositive ions are paramagnetic and contribute no colour to their salts, like those of the alkali metals.\nCoinage metals Historically, most coinage metals (or alloys) are from the three nonradioactive members of group 11 of the periodic table: copper, silver and gold, the copper usually being augmented with tin and often other metals to form bronze. Gold, silver and bronze or copper were the coinage metals of the ancient world, and most medieval coins.\nMetals close to the border between metals and nonmetals Scott and Kanda refer to the metals in groups 11 to 15, plus platinum in group 10, as soft metals, excluding the very active metals, in groups 1−3. They note many important non-ferrous alloys are made from metals in this class, including sterling silver, brass (copper and zinc), and bronzes (copper with tin, manganese and nickel).\nNon-ferrous metal Important non-ferrous metals include aluminium, copper, lead, tin, titanium, and zinc, and alloys such as brass. Precious metals such as gold, silver, and platinum and exotic or rare metals such as mercury, tungsten, beryllium, bismuth, cerium, cadmium, niobium, indium, gallium, germanium, lithium, selenium, tantalum, tellurium, vanadium, and zirconium are also non-ferrous. They are usually obtained through minerals such as sulfides, carbonates, and silicates. Non-ferrous metals are usually refined through electrolysis.\nMetals close to the border between metals and nonmetals Usually included in this category are the group 13–15 metals in periods 4–6: gallium, indium and thallium; tin and lead; and bismuth. Other elements sometimes included are platinum (usually considered to be a transition metal); the group 11 metals copper, silver and gold (which are usually considered to be transition metals); the group 12 metals zinc, cadmium and mercury (which are otherwise considered to be transition metals); and aluminium, germanium, arsenic, selenium, antimony, tellurium, and polonium (of which germanium, arsenic, antimony, and tellurium are usually considered to be metalloids). Astatine, which is usually classified as a nonmetal or a metalloid, has been predicted to have a metallic crystalline structure. If so, it would be a post-transition metal. Elements 112–118 (copernicium, nihonium, flerovium, moscovium, livermorium, tennessine, and oganesson) may be post-transition metals; insufficient quantities of them have been synthesized to allow sufficient investigation of their actual physical and chemical properties.\nMetal Metals can be categorised according to their physical or chemical properties. Categories described in the subsections below include ferrous and non-ferrous metals; brittle metals and refractory metals; white metals; heavy and light metals; and base, noble, and precious metals. The Metallic elements table in this section categorises the elemental metals on the basis of their chemical properties into alkali and alkaline earth metals; transition and post-transition metals; and lanthanides and actinides. Other categories are possible, depending on the criteria for inclusion. For example, the ferromagnetic metals—those metals that are magnetic at room temperature—are iron, cobalt, and nickel.\nProperties of metals, metalloids and nonmetals Metals comprise the large majority of the elements, and can be subdivided into several different categories. From left to right in the periodic table, these categories include the highly reactive alkali metals; the less reactive alkaline earth metals, lanthanides and radioactive actinides; the archetypal transition metals, and the physically and chemically weak post-transition metals. Specialized subcategories such as the refractory metals and the noble metals also exist.\n\n\nWhich ones are metals and non metals: Copper, Hydrogen, Silver, Carbon, Gold, Nitrogen", "role": "user" }, { "content": "Metals: Copper, Silver, Gold\nNon Metals: Hydrogen, Carbon, Nitrogen", "role": "assistant" } ]

[ { "content": "Anuja Chauhan It's a funny, feisty novel, with her trademark, exuberant, golgappa dialogue-Hindi deliciously spooned and scooped into English to tart it up-in place and some moments that you at once recognise as pure Bollywood.\nThe Best Man (2005 film) James is going to marry in London and throws a party which he invites Olly to. Olly arrives late and gets covered in pigeon droppings in Trafalgar Square. He changes into some women's trousers. James wants Olly to be his best man and write a funny speech.\nDell Horoscope Dell Horoscope was a periodic American magazine published by Penny Publications covering modern astrology, calling itself the world's leading astrology magazine. It was in circulation between 1935 and 2020.\nFoxy Grandpa -Foxy Grandpa Tells the Boys a Funny Story. Copyright American Mutoscope & Biograph Co. 23 May 1902. H18039\nNan Bangs McKinnell Nan and Jim spent much of their married life traveling and creating together. The two are remembered as artistic partners with most of their work having been made collaboratively. The two traveled across America and the world, working at colleges and artist's colonies while developing their craft. In 1953, Nan and James attended a ceramics workshop at the Archie Bray Foundation and decided to stay and work there for several years. It was at the Bray where Nan began developing glazes. Nan's deep copper glaze is still widely used today. Her glaze-making also opened up an appreciation for the decorative side of ceramics. As Nan and Jim began working more collaboratively, Nan's decorative eye came out more. In their process, often one would throw a piece on the wheel and the other would decorate it, combining their two separate artistic eyes and influences. Nan was drawn to natural shapes and forms, drawing on flowers, leaves, insects, and other animals.\nHoroscope (ballet) The ballet was praised by the critics: Francis Toye called it ... perhaps the most successful modern ballet that has been produced at this theatre for a long time. Arnold Haskell wrote: With Horoscope, ballet, now truly indigenous in England, readies a splendid maturity.\nPong Nan Nan Yik-Pong, better known by his stage name Pong Nan (; born 15 May 1978), is a Cantopop musician, singer-songwriter and actor in Hong Kong of Hakka ancestry.\nHoroscope (ballet) Horoscope is a ballet created in 1937 by Frederick Ashton with scenery by Sophie Fedorovitch and music by Constant Lambert. It is based on astrological themes, and is reminiscent of Gustav Holst's The Planets in its musical exploration of the mystical.\nBillet reading Many magicians take delight fooling billet readers in any number of ways. When used as a spiritualist act, the simplest method is to write questions to people who are not yet dead or are just made up, and then watch as the spiritualist pretends to contact the fake name. Another method is to write a statement that is so ribald, funny or startling that it trips up the performer when they read it. Exposing billet readers has a long history.\nThe X-Family a Chord used to be the lead singer of the band Dong Cheng Wei (東城衛). He is somewhat of a funny guy, who does not know the appropriate time to talk.\n\n\nWrite a funny and whimsical horoscope reading", "role": "user" }, { "content": "The stars say you should be patient, and that it can't last for ever. They didn't say what they're talking about, though", "role": "assistant" } ]

[ { "content": "34th Wisconsin Infantry Regiment The 34th Wisconsin Infantry was composed of men drafted by state authorities under General Order No. 94. The regiment was organized at Madison, Wisconsin, and mustered into Federal service December 31, 1862.\n34th Wisconsin Infantry Regiment The 34th Wisconsin Infantry Regiment was a conscripted infantry regiment that served in the Union Army during the American Civil War.\n45th Wisconsin Infantry Regiment The 45th Wisconsin Infantry Regiment was a volunteer infantry regiment that served in the Union Army during the American Civil War.\nMarcus Trumer He was drafted into the Union Army during the second year of the American Civil War, and enrolled as a private in Company K of the 34th Wisconsin Infantry Regiment. He was then transferred to Company F, where he was promoted to sergeant. The 34th Wisconsin Infantry didn't see any combat, they were stationed as a garrison in Kentucky for their nine months of service.\n9th Wisconsin Infantry Regiment The 9th Wisconsin Infantry Regiment was a volunteer infantry regiment that served in the Union Army during the American Civil War.\n3rd Wisconsin Infantry Regiment The 3rd Wisconsin Infantry Regiment was an infantry regiment that served in the Union Army during the American Civil War.\n17th Wisconsin Infantry Regiment The 17th Wisconsin Infantry Regiment was an infantry regiment that served in the Union Army during the American Civil War. It was popularly known as the Irish Brigade, due to its composition of mostly Irish American immigrants.\n23rd Wisconsin Infantry Regiment The 23rd Wisconsin was organized at Madison, Wisconsin, and mustered into Federal service on August 30, 1862.\n37th Wisconsin Infantry Regiment The 37th Wisconsin was organized at Madison, Wisconsin, and mustered into Federal service on April 9, 1864.\n40th Wisconsin Infantry Regiment The 40th Wisconsin was organized at Madison, Wisconsin, and mustered into Federal service on June 14, 1864.\n\n\nFrom the passage provided, extract the date when the 34th Wisconsin Infantry Regiment was organized.", "role": "user" }, { "content": "The 34th Wisconsin Infantry Regiment was organized on December 31, 1862.", "role": "assistant" } ]

[ { "content": "Why Should the Fire Die? Why Should the Fire Die? was praised by contemporary music critics primarily for its creativity, and for its instrumental quality, with one critic complimenting the album's sheer musical brilliance.\nRobert Baratheon After his death, Robert's bastards are ordered to be killed by his heir Joffrey Baratheon, Robert's supposed legal heir and the new king; Gendry, subsequently flees the capital.\nRobert Baratheon Robert Baratheon was the oldest son and heir of Lord Steffon Baratheon and Lady Cassana Estermont. In his youth, he was the ward of Jon Arryn and was raised at the Eyrie alongside Eddard Stark, with whom he was closer than his brothers. When he was 16, his parents drowned and died during a storm, and he became the Lord of Storm's End. He was betrothed to Ned's younger sister Lyanna, with whom he was madly (and unrequitedly) in love. After Lyanna disappeared with Rhaegar Targaryen, and the execution of Eddard's father, Rickard and brother, Brandon Stark King Aerys II called for Robert and Ned's heads. Jon Arryn refused and began what is now called Robert's Rebellion. Robert played a key role in the downfall of the Targaryen dynasty and killed Rhaegar in single combat. He married Cersei Lannister to ensure House Lannister's support for his rule.\nRobert Baratheon Robert Baratheon is a fictional character in the A Song of Ice and Fire series of epic fantasy novels by American author George R. R. Martin, and its television adaptation Game of Thrones, where he is portrayed by English actor Mark Addy.\nRobb Stark Robb Stark is the eldest son of Lord Eddard Stark and Lady Catelyn. When King Robert Baratheon summons Eddard to King's Landing to serve as Hand of the King, Robb becomes acting Lord of Winterfell. After his father is arrested for apparent treason, Robb summons the Northern bannermen and assembles an army of 20,000 in an effort to rescue his father and aid the Riverlands, which have come under attack by the armies of House Lannister. Catelyn brokers an alliance between the North and House Frey when Robb consents to marrying one of Lord Walder Frey's daughters, allowing the Stark army to strategically cross the river at the Twins and launch a surprise engagement against the Lannisters, successfully capturing Ser Jaime Lannister in the process. After the death of Robert Baratheon and the execution of Eddard Stark on the orders of King Joffrey Baratheon, a bastard born of incest between Jaime and Cersei Lannister, the Northern and Riverland Lords declare their independence from the Iron Throne and proclaim Robb as The King in the North.\nSansa Stark Sansa is first seen with Arya at Winterfell, during their embroidery lesson with Septa Mordane. Following the arrival of Robert Baratheon and his escort at Winterfell, he insists to Ned that Joffrey and Sansa should be married in order to join their houses. Sansa, who is desperate to leave Winterfell, begs Catelyn to make Ned agree to the engagement.\nJoffrey Baratheon Joffrey is officially the eldest son and heir of king Robert Baratheon and Cersei Lannister, but in actuality is the eldest child of Cersei and her twin brother Jaime Lannister. Joffrey inherits the throne after Robert's death, which, along with his execution of Lord Ned Stark of Winterfell, triggers a power struggle in Westeros known as the War of Five Kings. He is characterized as a spoiled, sadistic bully and frequently torments his family as well as Sansa Stark, to whom he is betrothed in the first novel. He later marries Margaery Tyrell, but is killed by poison during his wedding reception. Joffrey's demise is referred to as The Purple Wedding.\nEric Weiner In Man Seeks God he explores his spiritual restlessness and asks some fundamental questions: Where do we come from? What happens when we die? How should we live our lives? Where do all the missing socks go?\nGendry In his investigation about the death of Jon Arryn, Eddard Stark meets several people who had met with Arryn shortly before his death. One of them is Gendry, who was sought by both Jon Arryn and Stannis Baratheon. Eddard immediately recognizes Gendry as a bastard child of King Robert Baratheon, and tells Tobho Mott that if Gendry ever shows interest in military service, he is to be sent directly to Eddard. Gendry has shown promise as a blacksmith and made a helmet in the shape of a bull head. Eddard compliments the helmet, offering to purchase it, but Gendry refuses, to the embarrassment of his master.\nCripples, Bastards, and Broken Things Helped by Petyr Littlefinger Baelish and his web of informants, Eddard questions Gendry, a smith's apprentice whom Arryn had visited, and deduces that Gendry is a bastard of king Robert Baratheon. Ned plans to question Arryn's former squire Ser Hugh of the Vale, but Ser Hugh is killed by Ser Gregor The Mountain Clegane in a jousting tournament.\n\n\nHow did Robert Baratheon die?", "role": "user" }, { "content": "King Robert I Baratheon was on a boar hunting trip when he was gored by a boar. Lancel Lannister, one of his squires, provided the king with fortified wine, to ensure the king was overly drunk and would make a mistake. Had he not died from the boar, the king would have been deliberately knocked off his horse or shot with an arrow, according to Lord Varys. The king's death was arranged by his wife, Cersei Lannister, so he would not learn the truth about who actually sired his children he shared with Cersei.", "role": "assistant" } ]

[ { "content": "Aries (astrology) Aries () (Greek: Κριός [Kriós], Latin for ram) is the first astrological sign in the zodiac, spanning the first 30 degrees of celestial longitude (0°≤ <30°), and originates from the Aries constellation. Under the tropical zodiac, the Sun transits this sign from approximately March 21 to April 19 each year. This time duration is exactly the first month of the Solar Hijri calendar (Arabic Hamal/Persian Farvardin/Pashto Wray).\nGemini (astrology) Gemini () ( , Latin for twins) is the third astrological sign in the zodiac. Under the tropical zodiac, the sun transits this sign between about May 21 to June 21. Gemini is represented by the twins, Castor and Pollux, known as the Dioscuri in Greek mythology. It is a positive, mutable sign.\nCapricorn (astrology) Capricorn () is the tenth astrological sign in the zodiac out of twelve total zodiac signs, originating from the constellation of Capricornus, the goat. It spans the 270–300th degree of the zodiac, corresponding to celestial longitude. Under the tropical zodiac, the sun transits this area from about December 22 to January 19. In astrology, Capricorn is considered an earth sign, negative sign, and one of the four cardinal signs. Capricorn is said to be ruled by the planet Saturn.\nPisces (astrology) Pisces () (; Ikhthyes) is the twelfth and final astrological sign in the zodiac. It is a negative, mutable sign. It spans 330° to 360° of celestial longitude. Under the tropical zodiac, the sun transits this area between February 19 and March 20. In classical interpretations, the symbol of the fish is derived from the ichthyocentaurs, who aided Aphrodite when she was born from the sea.\nScorpio (astrology) Scorpio () is the eighth astrological sign in the zodiac, originating from the constellation of Scorpius. It spans 210°–240° ecliptic longitude. Under the tropical zodiac (most commonly used in Western astrology), the Sun transits this sign on average from October 23 to November 21. Depending on which zodiac system one uses, someone born under the influence of Scorpio may be called a Scorpio or a Scorpionic.\nZodiac The Sun's placement upon the vernal equinox, which occurs annually around 21 March, defines the starting point for measurement, the first degree of which is historically known as the first point of Aries. The first 30° along the ecliptic is nominally designated as the zodiac sign Aries, which no longer falls within the proximity of the constellation Aries since the effect of precession is to move the vernal point through the backdrop of visible constellations (it is currently located near the end of the constellation Pisces, having been within that constellation since the 2nd century AD). The subsequent 30° of the ecliptic is nominally designated the zodiac sign Taurus, and so on through the twelve signs of the zodiac so that each occupies th (30°) of the zodiac's great circle. Zodiac signs have never been used to determine the boundaries of astronomical constellations that lie in the vicinity of the zodiac, which are, and always have been, irregular in their size and shape.\nBroken Arrow War Rob LE's zodiac sign is Aries (astrology), and his Chinese sign is the Rat (zodiac). He likes fishing, woodworking, RPGs, reading, and stargazing. Rob is the father of two and a dog lover. He was born and raised in Sask, Canada.\nFarvardin Farvardin (, ) is the Iranian Persian name for the first month of the Solar Hijri calendar, the official calendar of Iran, and corresponds with Aries on the Zodiac. Farvardin has thirty-one days. It is the first month of the spring season (Bahar), and is followed by Ordibehesht. The Afghan Pashto name for it is Wray.\nZodiac In Western astrology, and formerly astronomy, the zodiac is divided into twelve signs, each occupying 30° of celestial longitude and roughly corresponding to the following star constellations: Aries, Taurus, Gemini, Cancer, Leo, Virgo, Libra, Scorpio, Sagittarius, Capricorn, Aquarius, and Pisces.\nFirst point of Aries The first point of Aries is important to the fields of astronomy, nautical navigation and astrology. Navigational ephemeris tables record the geographic position of the first point of Aries as the reference for position of navigational stars. Due to the slow precession of the equinoxes, the zenith view (above a location) of constellations at a time of year from a given location have slowly moved west (by using solar epochs the drift is known). The tropical Zodiac is similarly affected and no longer corresponds with the constellations (the Cusp of Libra today is located within Virgo). In sidereal astrology, by contrast, the first point of Aries remains aligned with the Aries constellation.\n\n\nFor the Zodiac sign Aries, Share some information from the given text.", "role": "user" }, { "content": "1.\tAries is the first astrological sign in the zodiac, spanned in the first 30 degrees of celestial longitude (0°≤ λ <30°).\n2.\tAries is originated from the Aries constellation.\n3.\tThe Sun transits this sign from approximately March 21 to April 19 each year.\n4.\tThis time period is exactly the first month of the Solar Hijri calendar (Arabic Hamal/Persian Farvardin/Pashto Wray).", "role": "assistant" } ]

[ { "content": "Denis-Benjamin Viger Denis-Benjamin Viger (; August 19, 1774 – February 13, 1861) was a 19th-century politician, lawyer, businessman in Lower Canada. He was a leader in the Patriote movement.\nDenis-Benjamin Viger Viger was part of the militia in the early 19th century and then a captain in the War of 1812. He retired from the militia in 1824 with the rank of major.\nDenis-Benjamin Viger Viger was born in Montreal to Denis Viger and Périne-Charles Cherrier. His father had represented Montreal East district in the Legislative Assembly of Lower Canada from 1796 to 1800. In 1808, he married the 30-year-old daughter of Pierre Foretier, Marie-Amable Foretier. They had one child who died in 1814.\nDenis-Benjamin Viger Prominent in the Patriote movement and denounced as the owner of seditious newspapers, Viger was imprisoned in 1838 when martial law was imposed in Lower Canada; refusing to post bail in protest of the repressive martial law and demanding a regular trial, he was not released until May 1840.\nLouis-Michel Viger He was born in Montreal in 1785 and studied at the Collège Saint-Raphaël at the same time as his cousin, Louis-Joseph Papineau. He articled in law with his cousin, Denis-Benjamin Viger, was admitted to the bar in 1807 and set up practice in Montreal. Viger was a member of the local militia and served as a lieutenant during the War of 1812. In 1824, he married Marie-Ermine, daughter of Louis Turgeon, seigneur of Beaumont. In 1830, he was elected to represent Chambly in the Legislative Assembly of Lower Canada as a member of the parti patriote and voted for the Ninety-Two Resolutions. He was elected again in 1834. In 1835, in partnership with Jacob De Witt, he set up La Banque du Peuple to counter the Bank of Montreal's monopoly in the province. Because he had played an important role in protest meetings organized before the Lower Canada Rebellion, Viger was arrested in November 1837 and charged with treason. He was released in August 1838 and then jailed again for a short time later that same year.\nDenis-Benjamin Papineau When he yielded to requests from Denis-Benjamin Viger and Sir Charles Metcalfe to accept an appointment on the Executive Council, Papineau was criticized by many French-Canadians, despite his family's association with reform. His brother Louis-Joseph Papineau had been leader of the reform movement and was exiled for a time for his role in the Lower Canada Rebellion.\nJacques Viger (Member of the Assembly) His son, Jacques Viger, was the first mayor of Montreal and his nephew Louis-Michel Viger became a lawyer and also served in the Legislative Assembly of Lower Canada. His nephew Denis-Benjamin later played an important role in the politics of the province.\nJoseph Viger Joseph Viger (February 13, 1739 – November 17, 1803) was a businessman and political figure in Lower Canada.\nDenis Viger His son Denis-Benjamin later played an important role in the politics of the province. His nephew, Jacques Viger, was the first mayor of Montreal and his nephew Louis-Michel Viger became a lawyer and also served in the legislative assembly.\nLouis-Michel Viger Louis-Michel Viger (September 28, 1785 – May 27, 1855) was a Quebec lawyer, businessman, seigneur and political figure.\n\n\nWithout quoting from the text, can you summarise from wikipedia who Denis-Benjamin Viger was?", "role": "user" }, { "content": "Denis-Benjamin Viger was a Canadian 19th century politician, lawyer and businessman who lead the Patriote movement.", "role": "assistant" } ]

[ { "content": "Language of Love The film had two sequels, Mera ur kärlekens språk in 1970 and Kärlekens XYZ in 1971. In 1973 the three films were edited together into a new film, Det bästa ur Kärlekens språk-filmerna (The Best from the Language of Love Films).\nLanguage Learning (journal) Language Learning covers research on fundamental theoretical issues in language learning such as child, second, and foreign language acquisition, language education, bilingualism, literacy, language representation in mind and brain, culture, cognition, pragmatics, and intergroup relations. The journal has two annual supplements, the Best of Language Learning Series and the Language Learning Monograph Series. It is also published in association with a biennial monograph, the Language Learning-Max Planck Institute Cognitive Neurosciences Series.\nCoding best practices Mayer states: No programming language is perfect. There is not even a single best language; there are only languages well suited or perhaps poorly suited for particular purposes. Understanding the problem and associated programming requirements is necessary for choosing the language best suited for the solution.\nAbu Musa al-Jazuli Abu Musa al-Jazuli (; full name: Īsā ibn ‘Abd al-Azīz ibn Yalalbakht ibn Īsā ibn Yūmārīlī al-Barbarī al-Marākeshī al-Yazadaktnī al-‘Alāmah; ), was a Moroccan philologist and grammarian, who produced an encyclopaedia called Al-Qānūn, or Al-Muqaddima of al-Jazūlī. Many scholars wrote tafsir (literary critiques) or sharḥ (commentaries), and it was incorporated in many grammars. Nevertheless, its opacity challenged the best language scholars. Al-Jazūlī was the first to introduce Al-Ṣiḥāḥ fī al-lughah () of al-Jawhari to the Maghreb, and he makes many references to this and other works in his Muqaddima.\nJeanette Gundel Gundel’s research focused primarily on the interface between linguistic theory and pragmatics. Her work was widely published and widely cited. Her foundational 1993 Language paper with Nancy Hedberg and Ron Zacharski, Cognitive Status and the Form of Referring Expression in Discourse, established the Givenness Hierarchy, a concept that has become crucial not only in linguistics, but also in the domains of psychology and computer science. This paper was included in The Language Anthology, Volume III, The Best of Language 1986–2016, a compilation of the most influential articles published in the history of the journal.\nLugbara language Uncles (atapuru (singular -paternal) atapuruka (plural - paternal), [maternal - (singular), maternal (plural) - ]\nShangyu District Wu language, also known as Jiang Nan, Wu Yue, Jiang Dong language. Three thousand years of history from the Zhou Dynasty. In China, Wu language are distributing in Zhejiang, southern part of Jiangsu, Shanghai, southern part of Anhui and Fujian province. The population who use this language is about ninety million.\nZigula language The Zigula or Zigua language, Chizigua, is a Bantu language of Tanzania and Somalia, where the Mushunguli (or Mushungulu) dialect is spoken.\nTembé Tembé people speak the Tembé language, a Tupi-Guarani language. It is mutually intelligible with the Guajajára language.\nKaruka In New Guinea it goes by different names among each of the Papuan peoples. In the Ankave language it is . It is in the Baruya language. The Huli language word is , and it is also in the Duna language. In Kewa language it is aga, but it is unclear which dialect(s). In the Kewa pandanus language it is rumala agaa. The Kalam language term, in both standard and pandanus languages, is , but it can also be called or . The plant is called in the Wiru language. In the Pole language it's called maisene. It goes by ank in Angal language, and in the Wola dialect. The Imbongu language word is .\n\n\nWhat is the best language in the world", "role": "user" }, { "content": "Bengali is the best language in the world Because it's very sweet to listen.", "role": "assistant" } ]

[ { "content": "Yash Chopra (book) Yash Chopra (known as Yash Chopra: Fifty Years in Indian Cinema in India) is a biography written by the British professor and author Rachel Dwyer, chronicling the life and career of the Indian filmmaker Yash Chopra. The book details Chopra's birth in 1932 in Lahore, his career both as a director and producer, and his 1970 marriage to the then-playback singer Pamela, with whom he had two sons Aditya and Uday. The British Film Institute published Yash Chopra on 29 April 2002 in the United Kingdom and Roli Books did so on 30 July in India.\nJaved Siddiqui During his career, Siddiqi has collaborated with some of India's most prominent filmmakers, from independent directors like Satyajit Ray and Shyam Benegal to commercial directors like Yash Chopra and Subhash Ghai. He has become an integral part of Indian cinema, in both commercial and art cinema fields.\nMani Ratnam Mani Ratnam grew up watching the films of K. Balachander, Guru Dutt and Sivaji Ganesan. He is greatly influenced by the film-making styles of Akira Kurosawa, Martin Scorsese, Krzysztof Kieślowski, Ingmar Bergman and Mahendran.\nCulture of India India has produced many cinema-makers like S.S.Rajamouli, Satyajit Ray, Mrinal Sen, J. C. Daniel, K. Viswanath, Ram Gopal Varma, Bapu, Ritwik Ghatak, Guru Dutt, Adoor Gopalakrishnan, Shaji N. Karun, Girish Kasaravalli, Shekhar Kapoor, Hrishikesh Mukherjee, Nagraj Manjule, Shyam Benegal, Shankar Nag, Girish Karnad, G. V. Iyer, Mani Ratnam, and K. Balachander (see also: Indian film directors). With the opening up of the economy in recent years and consequent exposure to world cinema, audience tastes have been changing. In addition, multiplexes have mushroomed in most cities, changing the revenue patterns.\nBansi Chandragupta Chandragupta is most well known as art director/production designer of movies directed by Satyajit Ray. He also worked with renowned film directors like Jean Renoir, Mrinal Sen, Shyam Benegal, Basu Chatterjee, Ismail Merchant, James Ivory and Aparna Sen.\nMani Ratnam filmography Mani Ratnam is an Indian filmmaker who works predominantly in Tamil cinema. Regarded as one of the greatest Indian filmmakers, he is credited with redefining the range and depth of Tamil cinema. As of 2019, he has directed 28 films, and produced over 15 under his production company Madras Talkies.\nParallel cinema Some of the Indian art film directors active today include Buddhadeb Dasgupta, Aparna Sen, Gautam Ghose, Sandip Ray (Satyajit Ray's son), Kaushik Ganguly, Suman Mukhopadhyay, Kamaleshwar Mukherjee and Soukarya Ghosal in Bengali cinema; Adoor Gopalakrishnan, Shaji N. Karun, T. V. Chandran, M.P. Sukumaran Nair, Shyamaprasad, Dr. Biju and Sanal Kumar Sasidharan in Malayalam cinema; Kumar Shahani, Ketan Mehta, Govind Nihalani, Shyam Benegal, Amit Dutta, Manish Jha, Ashim Ahluwalia, Mudasir Dar, Anurag Kashyap, Anand Gandhi, and Deepa Mehta in Hindi Cinema; Mani Ratnam and Bala in Tamil, Rajnesh Domalpalli and Narasimha Nandi in Telugu cinema, Jahnu Barua in Hindi cinema and Assamese Cinema, Amol Palekar, Umesh Vinayak Kulkarni in Marathi Cinema and Amartya Bhattacharyya who makes independent films in Odia and Bengali.\nMani Ratnam filmography Mani Ratnam made his directorial debut, without formal training or education in filmmaking, with the Kannada film Pallavi Anu Pallavi (1983). The critically acclaimed film, which he also wrote, won him the Karnataka State Film Award for Best Screenplay. Then he entered Malayalam film industry with Unaroo, which was based on then prevailing trade union politics. His first Tamil film Pagal Nilavu (1985) was a commercial failure, but immediately followed Idaya Kovil (1985) found theatrical success. The following year, he made the romantic drama Mouna Ragam, which narrated the story of a young woman who is forced into an arranged marriage by her family. The critical and commercial success of the film established him as a leading filmmaker in Tamil cinema. His next release Nayakan, starring Kamal Haasan, was inspired by the life of the Bombay-based gangster Varadarajan Mudaliar. The film was submitted by India as its official entry for the 60th Academy Awards. Later in 2005, Nayakan was included in Time<nowiki>'</nowiki>s All-Time 100 Movies list. Mani Ratnam followed this with the tragic romance Geethanjali (1989), which marked his Telugu cinema debut; the tragedy Anjali (1990), which narrated the story of an autistic child; and the crime drama Thalapathi (1991), loosely adapted from the Indian epic Mahabharata. In 1992, he made the romantic thriller Roja for Kavithalayaa Productions. The film was dubbed into many Indian languages, including Hindi, and its widespread success brought national recognition to Mani Ratnam. Three years later, he made Bombay (1995), which was based on the 1992–93 Bombay riots. Although controversial for its depiction of religious riots, the film met with wide critical acclaim and became commercially successful in India.\nSatya Bandyopadhyay Many great directors such as Satyajit Ray and Mrinal Sen worked with him. His most memorable association was with director Tarun Majumdar with whom he worked in multiple movies.\nMani Ratnam Gopala Ratnam Subramaniam (born 2 June 1956), known professionally as Mani Ratnam, is an Indian film director, screenwriter, and producer who predominantly works in Tamil cinema and few Hindi films. Ratnam has won six National Film Awards, four Filmfare Awards, six Filmfare Awards South, and numerous awards at various film festivals across the world. In 2002, the Government of India honoured him with the Padma Shri, acknowledging his contributions to film.\n\n\nTell me whether these are movies or film Directors: Sholay, Satyajit Ray, Mani Ratnam, Lagaan, Yash Chopra, Roja", "role": "user" }, { "content": "Sholay is a Bollywood movie \nSatyajit Ray was an Indian Film Director\nMani Ratnam is an Indian Film Director\nLagaan is a Bollywood movie\nYash Chopra was an film director\nRoja is a Bollywood Movie", "role": "assistant" } ]

[ { "content": "Nan Bangs McKinnell Nan and Jim spent much of their married life traveling and creating together. The two are remembered as artistic partners with most of their work having been made collaboratively. The two traveled across America and the world, working at colleges and artist's colonies while developing their craft. In 1953, Nan and James attended a ceramics workshop at the Archie Bray Foundation and decided to stay and work there for several years. It was at the Bray where Nan began developing glazes. Nan's deep copper glaze is still widely used today. Her glaze-making also opened up an appreciation for the decorative side of ceramics. As Nan and Jim began working more collaboratively, Nan's decorative eye came out more. In their process, often one would throw a piece on the wheel and the other would decorate it, combining their two separate artistic eyes and influences. Nan was drawn to natural shapes and forms, drawing on flowers, leaves, insects, and other animals.\nPong Nan Nan Yik-Pong, better known by his stage name Pong Nan (; born 15 May 1978), is a Cantopop musician, singer-songwriter and actor in Hong Kong of Hakka ancestry.\nNan Bangs McKinnell In Seattle, Nan began working as a teacher once again, earning money to help support her family back in Nebraska. It wasn't long until Nan was applying for graduate school, and after a few years in Seattle, she was taking summer classes at the University of Washington where she started her art. While the men were away at war, Nan began teaching in an architectural drawing and design classes at the University. As she continued her own studies, Nan realized that painting and design were not her forte and took an introductory class in ceramic engineering and was drawn to clay as an artistic medium.\nSgùrr nan Clach Geala The most usual route of ascent approaches from the north starting at a parking spot on the A832 at grid reference and climbs the adjoining Munro of Meall a' Chrasgaidh before climbing Sgùrr nan Clach Geala. Most walkers will continue south from the summit to take in Sgùrr nan Each before returning to the starting point via the Allt Breabaig.\nNan Qi (artist) Nan is a contemporary Chinese ink painter depicting a variety of themes, ranging from the human form to landscapes and abstract concentric ink dots, using Chinese in and xuan rice paper. During his training as a Chinese ink painter, Nan specialised in classical landscapes inspired by Tang, Song, Yuan, Ming, and Qing dynasty artists. Early experimentation with different brush strokes and techniques, varying the dilution of ink and wash, resulted in the distinctive ink “dabs” produced in his early works. During the mid-to-late 1990s, Nan began designing and printing the catalogues for his own exhibitions, and was inspired by the dot matrices used in printing. This gave rise to a progression from ink “dabs” to more and more dot-like brush strokes, culminating in his development of his signature “halo dot” brush stroke in 2004. At this point, the themes and content of Nan’s work were becoming solidly contemporary and modern, moving away from landscapes. Over the next ten years, Nan developed a completely unique repertoire of brush strokes and ink painting techniques, including the “halo dot”, the “Nan Qi Way” for controlling ink flow into highly absorbent rice paper, and the “3D ink” technique, which allows him to create three-dimensional optical illusions by hand.\nBilly Clapper In 2006, a college skills camp was offered that introduces teaching and training to participants that are to help boys and girls develop the skills to play basketball in college. In 2014, that camp was rebranded as The College Skills School, each summer it offers players the opportunity to improve their basketball skills and learn team building, leadership, and motivational strategies through its school component.\nButterfly knife A butterfly knife, also known as a Balisong, fan knife or Batangas knife, is a type of folding pocketknife that originated in the Philippines. Its distinct features are two handles counter-rotating around the tang such that, when closed, the blade is concealed within grooves in the handles. A latch holds the handles together, typically mounted on the one facing the cutting edge (the bite handle).\nNan Gindele Nan Gindele taught physical education in Chicago schools, and was a member of the Illinois Women's Athletic Club. Gindele was the national title holder for basketball throw from 1933 to 1936. She set the javelin world record in 1932, at a meet in Chicago, four weeks before the Olympic trials. That record was not broken until 1938.\nKing Nan of Zhou King Nan of Zhou (Ji Yan; ?–256 BC), less commonly known as King Yin of Zhou, was the 37th and last king of the Chinese Zhou dynasty, the son of King Shenjing of Zhou and grandson of King Xian of Zhou. He was king from 314 BC until his death in 256 BC, a reign of fifty-nine years, the longest in the Zhou Dynasty and all of pre-imperial China. By the time of King Nan's reign, the kings of Zhou had lost almost all political and military power, as even their remaining crown land was split into two states or factions, led by rival feudal lords: West Zhou, where the capital Wangcheng was located, and East Zhou, centred at Chengzhou and Kung. Therefore, Nan lacked any personal territory and was effectively under the control of the local feudal lords, essentially relying on their charity.\nThung Chang district Neighboring districts are, from the east clockwise, Chaloem Phra Kiat, Pua, Chiang Klang and Song Khwae of Nan Province. To the north is Xaignabouli of Laos.\n\n\nHow do you improve your basketball handles?", "role": "user" }, { "content": "One of the best ways to improve your basketball handles is to practice beyond dribbling. Rotating the ball around your head, body and legs is a great way to get a better feel for the ball all around your body. Once you can effortlessly move the ball around those three parts of your body, you can start experimenting with handling the ball between your legs in a figure-eight rotation. To further advance that skill, you can start the rotation from your head to your body, to between your legs and back up all in a single session.", "role": "assistant" } ]

[ { "content": "László Szekeres This endogenous 'self-defense' due to delayed adaptation to stress is promising also as a future trend in therapy since it works in experimental atherosclerosis too. Exploratory investigations suggest that the phenomenon is not confined to the heart only, vessels and possibly other organs could be also involved.\nJob satisfaction Job satisfaction, employee satisfaction or work satisfaction is a measure of workers' contentedness with their job, whether they like the job or individual aspects or facets of jobs, such as nature of work or supervision. Job satisfaction can be measured in cognitive (evaluative), affective (or emotional), and behavioral components. Researchers have also noted that job satisfaction measures vary in the extent to which they measure feelings about the job (affective job satisfaction). or cognitions about the job (cognitive job satisfaction).\nJob 15 The first part of this section contains Eliphaz's rebuke to Job for the choices Job made and the emptiness of the words of Job, who thinks of himself as a wise man (verses 1–6). Eliphaz concerns that Job undermines the proper attitude of respecting God (Eliphaz is the only one of Job's three friends who refers to the fear of God). Eliphaz challenges each of Job's possible justifications and rejects each in turn:\nPredictive maintenance The predictive component of predictive maintenance stems from the goal of predicting the future trend of the equipment's condition. This approach uses principles of statistical process control to determine at what point in the future maintenance activities will be appropriate.\nJob satisfaction Cognitive job satisfaction is a more objective and logical evaluation of various facets of a job. Cognitive job satisfaction can be unidimensional if it comprises evaluation of just one facet of a job, such as pay or maternity leave, or multidimensional if two or more facets of a job are simultaneously evaluated. Cognitive job satisfaction does not assess the degree of pleasure or happiness that arises from specific job facets, but rather gauges the extent to which those job facets are judged by the job holder to be satisfactory in comparison with objectives they themselves set or with other jobs. While cognitive job satisfaction might help to bring about affective job satisfaction, the two constructs are distinct, not necessarily directly related, and have different antecedents and consequences.\nJob attitude Affective job satisfaction is a singular construct comprising an overall emotional feeling about a job as a whole or in general. Affective job satisfaction is measured with items addressing the extent to which individuals subjectively and emotively like their job overall, not a composite of how individuals cognitively assess two or more specific aspects of their job. The 4-item Brief Index of Affective Job Satisfaction has been developed to produce a purely affective as opposed to cognitive measure of overall affective job satisfaction.\nJob hunting Job hunting, job seeking, or job searching is the act of looking for employment, due to unemployment, underemployment, discontent with a current position, or a desire for a better position. The immediate goal of job seeking is usually to obtain a job interview with an employer which may lead to getting hired. The job hunter or seeker typically first looks for job vacancies or employment opportunities.\nJob 6 In this section Job criticizes his friends whom he hopes to get support from but they failed to do so. Job alludes to Eliphaz's words to let the fear of God be Job's ground of confidence (Job 4:6) and turns in around by saying that Eliphaz's speech is actually abandoning the fear of God. In verse 21, Job addresses all friends (using the plural word for you, although until now only Eliphaz has spoken) that they have seen his situation and are afraid – perhaps afraid that it might also happen to them or that it would challenge their core belief in retribution. Therefore, Job challenges them to teach or correct him, if they can, by giving him explanation, not condemnation (verses 24–30). Job maintains to be a person of integrity and asks his friends twice to turn (repent or change in direction) or reconsider their thought process. Verse 30 contains two rhetorical questions that answer no to the issue raised by the Adversary in Job 1:9 whether Job would fear God for nothing or Job's faith is based on self-interest.\nJob 16 Job states that his pain is not eased by speaking or by not speaking about it, as he firmly believes God is in charge of the world and treats Job as God pleases (verses 12–14). Therefore Job called for help from a heavenly figure, who will argue Job's case with God (verse 21; cf. Job 9:33; 19:25; 31:35).\nPersonnel psychology Job analysis can be defined as A loose term for the study of particular aspects of a given job. Those aspects may range from the tasks and duties of the position, to an examination of the desirable qualities of an employee, to the conditions of employment including pay, promotion opportunities, vacations, etc.. There are many different ways to conduct a job analysis, as there are many different parts to it: job evaluation, job description, and job specifications. The most common tool used to measure job design is the Job Description Survey or JDS, but there is growing literature for other surveys and measures such as the Work Design Questionnaire or WDQ. Such analyses are used to determine what is important within the job description, so as to better educate companies and individuals on the descriptions and requirements of the job.\n\n\nWhat is the future trend of job industry", "role": "user" }, { "content": "More of cloud Machine learning AI security dive into these industries to be on top notch", "role": "assistant" } ]

[ { "content": "The Knitting Guild Association TKGA publishes Cast On magazine quarterly. According to the TKGA, Cast On is the Educational Journal for Knitters and is filled with valuable lessons and patterns for all levels of knitting. Members can take TKGA courses and also have access to technical articles and free patterns in a members-only area of the TKGA website.\nKnitty Knitty publishes knitting patterns and advice on learning to knit. Judy's Magic Cast On, a toe-up technique for knitting socks, was first published in Knitty.\nKnitting needle cap A knitting needle cap, also known as a point protector, is a cover placed on the tip of a knitting needle that is being used for a knitting project that is resting. The cap prevents stitches from coming off the ends of needles. Before it became common for straight needles to have a cap at one end, pairs of needle guards made of wood or cork and linked with a spring or leather strip, were used to stop stitches slipping off the needles while not in use.\nI Knit London I Knit London (often shortened to I Knit or IKL) is a knitting organisation based in London, England, UK, comprising a knitting group, knitting shop and knitting events. I Knit London was formed in December 2005, and is run, by Gerard Allt (b. Liverpool, UK, 9 July 1973) and Craig Carruthers (b. Carlisle, UK, 21 March 1973).\nArm knitting Arm knitting is a knitting technique which uses the knitter's arms instead of knitting needles. This method of knitting gained popularity during 2013 and 2014.\nKnitting pattern The earliest known pattern book containing a knitting pattern was published in 1524. The earliest published English knitting pattern appeared in Natura Exenterata: or Nature Unbowelled, which was printed in London in 1655 Jane Gaugain was an early influential author of knitting pattern books in the early 1800s.\nGauge (knitting) Uneven knitting is a knitting technique in which two knitting needles of different sizes are used. The method is sometimes used when the knitter has a significantly different gauge on knit and purl stitches. It is also useful for producing elongated stitches and certain specialty patterns.\nThe Knitting Guild Association The Knitting Guild Association is led by a board of directors consisting of 7 Certified Master Knitters. Arenda Holladay, President of the board and Executive Director, also serves as editor of Cast On Magazine.\nGauge (knitting) In knitting, the word gauge is used both in hand knitting and machine knitting; the latter, technical abbreviation GG, refers to Knitting Machines fineness size. In both cases, the term refers to the number of stitches per inch, not the size of the finished garment. In both cases, the gauge is measured by counting the number of stitches (in hand knitting) or the number of needles (on a knitting machine bed) over several inches then dividing by the number of inches in the width of the sample.\nCombined knitting Combined knitting or combination knitting is a knitting method that combines elements of Eastern-style knitting with the Western techniques. The name was suggested by Mary Thomas in her 1938 book Mary Thomas's Knitting Book, where she described the method as ..the better way to work in Flat Knitting. The resulting fabric is more even and closer in construction. By wrapping the yarn the opposite way while purling, the knitter changes the orientation of the resulting loops; then the next row's knit stitches can be formed by inserting the needle through the back leg (as in Eastern knitting), rather than through the front leg, without twisting the stitch. This method is suitable for all knitted fabrics from the basic Stockinette stitch, to any other technique, such as Fair Isle, circular knitting, or lace knitting.\n\n\nHow do I cast on a knitting project?", "role": "user" }, { "content": "Casting on is how to make the first row of stitches. Each method of casting on can look and feel slightly different (such as various levels of stretchiness and flexibility) so most knitters have their preferred cast on method. Many use the long-tail cast on method which can work for many projects. First, measure the length of yarn that is about 4 times as long as the width of your project. For example, if the width of your project is 10 inches, measure out a 40 inch piece of yarn. Next, time a slip knot. Then, place the slip knot on your dominant hand’s needle with the yarn tail closest to you (the tail is the length you measured out). Hold both strands of yarn with your non-dominant hand. Spread the two strands of yarn out with your thumb and forefinger, then bring the knitting needle in your right hand to the front of the tail of yarn draped over your thumb. Bring the needle back, up and through the loop toward your thumb loop, then push the needle back and under the forefinger loop, allowing the needle to catch the forefinger loop and allowing the thumb loop to fall off under the needle. That’s your first cast on stitch. Repeat the steps for the total number of stitches you need.", "role": "assistant" } ]

[ { "content": "Rice allergy Some rice proteins are regarded as the causes of allergy in people. People allergic to rice might experience sneezing, runny nose, itching, asthma, stomachache, hives, sores in the mouth, or eczema after they eat rice. Besides eating rice, people with a rice allergy can have reactions breathing rice steam from cooked rice. In severe cases, death may result.\nRice in Korean culture Rice forms an important part of Korean economy and culture. Koreans have been eating rice for a long time, and it is one of the ingredients that should not be missed at meals. Therefore, there are many kinds of rice dishes, there are many local festivals related to rice, and there are many proverbs related to rice.\nNan Bangs McKinnell Nan and Jim spent much of their married life traveling and creating together. The two are remembered as artistic partners with most of their work having been made collaboratively. The two traveled across America and the world, working at colleges and artist's colonies while developing their craft. In 1953, Nan and James attended a ceramics workshop at the Archie Bray Foundation and decided to stay and work there for several years. It was at the Bray where Nan began developing glazes. Nan's deep copper glaze is still widely used today. Her glaze-making also opened up an appreciation for the decorative side of ceramics. As Nan and Jim began working more collaboratively, Nan's decorative eye came out more. In their process, often one would throw a piece on the wheel and the other would decorate it, combining their two separate artistic eyes and influences. Nan was drawn to natural shapes and forms, drawing on flowers, leaves, insects, and other animals.\nFilipinos in Indonesia Filipinos in Indonesia generally maintain good interethnic relations with their Indonesian neighbours, with whom they feel culturally closer than Europeans or Americans; Indonesians stereotype Filipinos as being gregarious and cheerful. However, there are fears that Filipinos in Indonesia may become the targets of kidnappings by local militant groups such as Jemaah Islamiyah in an attempt to secure the release of JI members imprisoned in Philippine jails.\nPong Nan Nan Yik-Pong, better known by his stage name Pong Nan (; born 15 May 1978), is a Cantopop musician, singer-songwriter and actor in Hong Kong of Hakka ancestry.\nCulture of the Philippines Eating out is a favorite Filipino pastime. A typical Pinoy diet consists at most of six meals a day; breakfast, snacks, lunch, snacks, dinner, and again a midnight snack before going to sleep. Rice is a staple in the Filipino diet, and is usually eaten together with other dishes. Filipinos regularly use spoons together with forks and knives. Some also eat with their hands, especially in informal settings, and also Filipinos use chopsticks when eating seafood. Rice, corn, and popular dishes such as adobo (a meat stew made from either pork or chicken), lumpia (meat or vegetable rolls), pancit (a noodle dish), and lechón baboy (roasted pig) are served on plates.\nBò 7 món The cooked beef portions are then wrapped (by the individual eating it) with rice paper, a variety of herbs (rau thơm'), lettuce, cucumbers, and carrots and then dipped in mắm nêm. This slightly chunky sauce is made with anchovies and has a sweet and tangy flavor, due to the pineapple that is often added to achieve sweetness.\nNan Qi (artist) Nan is a contemporary Chinese ink painter depicting a variety of themes, ranging from the human form to landscapes and abstract concentric ink dots, using Chinese in and xuan rice paper. During his training as a Chinese ink painter, Nan specialised in classical landscapes inspired by Tang, Song, Yuan, Ming, and Qing dynasty artists. Early experimentation with different brush strokes and techniques, varying the dilution of ink and wash, resulted in the distinctive ink “dabs” produced in his early works. During the mid-to-late 1990s, Nan began designing and printing the catalogues for his own exhibitions, and was inspired by the dot matrices used in printing. This gave rise to a progression from ink “dabs” to more and more dot-like brush strokes, culminating in his development of his signature “halo dot” brush stroke in 2004. At this point, the themes and content of Nan’s work were becoming solidly contemporary and modern, moving away from landscapes. Over the next ten years, Nan developed a completely unique repertoire of brush strokes and ink painting techniques, including the “halo dot”, the “Nan Qi Way” for controlling ink flow into highly absorbent rice paper, and the “3D ink” technique, which allows him to create three-dimensional optical illusions by hand.\nSinigang Sinigang typically uses meat or seafood (e.g., fish, pork, beef, shrimp, or chicken) stewed with tamarind, tomatoes, garlic, and onions. Other vegetables commonly used in the making of sinigang include okra, taro corms (gabi adds a starchy component to the dish and thickens the broth), white radish (labanós), water spinach (kangkóng), yardlong beans (sitaw) and eggplant (talóng). Most Filipinos like to cook sinigang with long green peppers in order to enhance the taste and add a little spice to the dish. Another variation includes adding locally made miso.\nErromanga language The near categorical marking of number on nouns is another important feature of the nominal morphology of Sye. The following examples describe three of the noun premodifiers of Sye: hai 'indefinite', ovon 'plural' and 'how much?, how many'. Square brackets surround the noun phrase being illustrated.\n\n\nWhy do Filipinos like eating rice so much?", "role": "user" }, { "content": "Well, that has to do with the fact that the Filipino soil is ideal for rice cultivation. Also, given that rice is produced in abundance in the Phillipines, it becomes cheaper than other food staples. Therefore, rice easily became the most common dish in an ordinary Filipino household.\nOne can also say, that the neutral nature of rice flavour parries well with the Filipino traditional dishes like Adobo, Sinigang and Kare-Kare which are rich in flavour and welcome more neutral side dishes", "role": "assistant" } ]

[ { "content": "Division of labour The division of labour is the separation of the tasks in any economic system or organisation so that participants may specialise (specialisation). Individuals, organizations, and nations are endowed with, or acquire specialised capabilities, and either form combinations or trade to take advantage of the capabilities of others in addition to their own. Specialised capabilities may include equipment or natural resources as well as skills, and training and combinations of such assets acting together are often important. For example, an individual may specialise by acquiring tools and the skills to use them effectively just as an organization may specialise by acquiring specialised equipment and hiring or training skilled operators. The division of labour is the motive for trade and the source of economic interdependence.\nDivision of labour Historically, an increasing division of labour is associated with the growth of total output and trade, the rise of capitalism, and the increasing complexity of industrialised processes. The concept and implementation of division of labour has been observed in ancient Sumerian (Mesopotamian) culture, where assignment of jobs in some cities coincided with an increase in trade and economic interdependence. Division of labour generally also increases both producer and individual worker productivity.\nDivision of labour After the Neolithic Revolution, pastoralism and agriculture led to more reliable and abundant food supplies, which increased the population and led to specialisation of labour, including new classes of artisans, warriors, and the development of elites. This specialisation was furthered by the process of industrialisation, and Industrial Revolution-era factories. Accordingly, many classical economists as well as some mechanical engineers, such as Charles Babbage, were proponents of division of labour. Also, having workers perform single or limited tasks eliminated the long training period required to train craftsmen, who were replaced with less-paid but more productive unskilled workers.\nDivision of labour Division of labour, instead, refers to the allocation of tasks to individuals or organisations according to the skills and/or equipment those people or organisations possess. Often division of labour and division of work are both part of the economic activity within an industrial nation or organisation.\nEconomies of scale A larger scale allows for a more efficient division of labour. The economies of division of labour derive from the increase in production speed, from the possibility of using specialized personnel and adopting more efficient techniques. An increase in the division of labour inevitably leads to changes in the quality of inputs and outputs.\nDivision of labour Among Marx's theoretical contributions is his sharp distinction between the economic and the social division of labour. That is, some forms of labour co-operation are purely due to technical necessity, but others are a result of a social control function related to a class and status hierarchy. If these two divisions are conflated, it might appear as though the existing division of labour is technically inevitable and immutable, rather than (in good part) socially constructed and influenced by power relationships. He also argues that in a communist society, the division of labour is transcended, meaning that balanced human development occurs where people fully express their nature in the variety of creative work that they do.\nDivision of labour Additionally, Marx argued that the division of labour creates less-skilled workers. As the work becomes more specialised, less training is needed for each specific job, and the workforce, overall, is less skilled than if one worker did one job entirely.\nDivision of labour It is widely accepted among economists and social theorists that the division of labour is, to a great extent, inevitable within capitalist societies, simply because no one can do all tasks at once. Labour hierarchy is a very common feature of the modern capitalist workplace structure, and the way these hierarchies are structured can be influenced by a variety of different factors, including:\nDas Kapital, Volume I In this section, Marx discusses an increased class struggle that is brought about by capital, or in this case in the division of labour. By creating such a division, it disguises the efforts and work of such a division as that of the capitalist. According to Marx, division of labour is a subdivision of a workers potential and sets limitations on his mental and physical capacity, making him reliant upon the capitalist to exercise his specialized skill.\nDas Kapital, Volume I In this section, Marx argues that a division of labour within production produces a hierarchy of labor, skilled and unskilled and also a variation in wages. Yet according to Marx, this division within the labour process reduces a workers skills collectively which devalues their labour power.\n\n\nWhat are the benefits of division of labour?", "role": "user" }, { "content": "In general the following benefits are associated with increasing division of labour:\n- increase in total trade \n- increase in total output\n- an increase in market activity\n- increased specialization\n- increasing complexity of industrialized processes", "role": "assistant" } ]

[ { "content": "Artificial intelligence art Since their design in 2014, generative adversarial networks (GANs) are often used by AI artists. This system uses a generator to create new images and a discriminator to decide which created images are considered successful. More recent models use Vector Quantized Generative Adversarial Network and Contrastive Language–Image Pre-training (VQGAN+CLIP).\nGenerative second-language acquisition Research in generative second-language acquisition is presented at a range of conferences, including: GASLA (Generative Approaches to Second Language Acquisition), GALANA (Generative Approaches to Language Acquisition - North America), and BUCLD (Boston University Conference on Language Development).\nGenerative model The term generative model is also used to describe models that generate instances of output variables in a way that has no clear relationship to probability distributions over potential samples of input variables. Generative adversarial networks are examples of this class of generative models, and are judged primarily by the similarity of particular outputs to potential inputs. Such models are not classifiers.\nFlow-based generative model In contrast, many alternative generative modeling methods such as variational autoencoder (VAE) and generative adversarial network do not explicitly represent the likelihood function.\nGenerative model Popular DGMs include variational autoencoders (VAEs), generative adversarial networks (GANs), and auto-regressive models. Recently, there has been a trend to build very large deep generative models. For example, GPT-3, and its precursor GPT-2, are auto-regressive neural language models that contain billions of parameters, BigGAN and VQ-VAE which are used for image generation that can have hundreds of millions of parameters, and Jukebox is a very large generative model for musical audio that contains billions of parameters.\nGenerative lexicon Generative lexicon (GL) is a theory of linguistic semantics which focuses on the distributed nature of compositionality in natural language. The first major work outlining the framework is James Pustejovsky's 1991 article The Generative Lexicon.\nGenerative Modelling Language Generative Modelling Language (GML) in computer graphics and generative computer programming is a very simple programming language for the concise description of complex 3D shapes. It follows the Generative Modelling paradigm, where complex datasets are represented by lists of operations rather than by lists of objects, which is for instance the case in a relational database.\nGenerative science The development of computers and automata theory laid a technical foundation for the growth of the generative sciences. For example:\nGenerative Systems: Art, Science and Technology Generative Systems conference and DVD publications at the University of Liverpool, United Kingdmon, the Beatle's old school in the year 1999.\nGenerative second-language acquisition There has been some criticism regarding Generative L2 Acquisition on the basis of methodology and other linguistic theories.\n\n\nAccording to the paragraph below, what is Generative AI?", "role": "user" }, { "content": "Generative Artificial Intelligence (AI) refers to AI systems that respond to user prompts to generate text, images and other media.", "role": "assistant" } ]

[ { "content": "Steel guitar A steel guitar () is any guitar played while moving a steel bar or similar hard object against plucked strings. The bar itself is called a steel and is the source of the name steel guitar. The instrument differs from a conventional guitar in that it is played without using frets; conceptually, it is somewhat akin to playing a guitar with one finger (the bar). Known for its portamento capabilities, gliding smoothly over every pitch between notes, the instrument can produce a sinuous crying sound and deep vibrato emulating the human singing voice. Typically, the strings are plucked (not strummed) by the fingers of the dominant hand, while the steel tone bar is pressed lightly against the strings and moved by the opposite hand.\nPambai The pambai or pamba (Tamil: பம்பை) is a pair of cylindrical drums used in temple festivals and folk music in Tamil Nadu, India.\nKingri (string instrument) Kingri is a chordophone Indian bowed string instrument (string spike fiddle), similar to Rabab and Ravanastron. It has a resonator box of unglazed pottery, through which a stick is passed to function as the neck.\nPambai There is a small community in southern Andhra who plays this instrument: the Pambalas. This unit of two drums is held near the waist of the player or put on the floor, and beaten with sticks, or with a hand and a stick. In the simpler varieties, both drums are made of wood, but there is a pambai in which one drum is of wood and the other of brass: the wooden one is known as veeru vanam and the metal drum as vengala pambai. The pambai is played in the traditional ensemble naiyandi melam.\nBladder fiddle On percussion instruments, the drum has been turned sideways on the instrument and the string runs across it like the sound-table on a spike lute. The string has been dropped in some cases, the bow stick becoming a drumstick and the instrument now a percussion instrument, called a boomba, stamp fiddle, stumpf fiddle, or pogo cello. Also called Devil's stick, Devil's violin, boom bass, hum strum, teufel stick or stomp stick. In the percussion instrument, the string may still have limited use as a chordophone, if it has been set up with a tuning peg to tighten the string; if used in this manner, the instrument is bowed with a notched stick, producing rough sounds. In some modern instruments, the string has been replaced by a long spring, solely a percussion instrument, and in other instruments the string has been dropped altogether. The Polish (Devil's fiddle) often has no string, but includes the memory of the instrument's past, by placing a violin-shaped piece of wood on the instrument.\nGuitar A steel guitar is any guitar played while moving a polished steel bar or similar hard object against plucked strings. The bar itself is called a steel and is the source of the name steel guitar. The instrument differs from a conventional guitar in that it does not use frets; conceptually, it is somewhat akin to playing a guitar with one finger (the bar). Known for its portamento capabilities, gliding smoothly over every pitch between notes, the instrument can produce a sinuous crying sound and deep vibrato emulating the human singing voice. Typically, the strings are plucked (not strummed) by the fingers of the dominant hand, while the steel tone bar is pressed lightly against the strings and moved by the opposite hand. The instrument is played while sitting, placed horizontally across the player's knees or otherwise supported. The horizontal playing style is called Hawaiian style.\nAcoustic guitar Historical and modern acoustic guitars are extremely varied in their design and construction. Some of the most important varieties are the classical guitar (Spanish Guitar/Nylon-stringed), steel-string acoustic guitar and lap steel guitar.\nSteel guitar A steel is a hard, smooth object pressed against guitar strings and is the reason for the name steel guitar. It may go by many names, including steel, tone bar, slide, bottleneck and others. A cylindrical-shaped steel with a bullet-shape on one end is typical in console steel and pedal steel playing. Lap steel and Dobro players often use a steel bar with squared-off ends and a deep groove for firmer grip. It has a cross section that resembles a railroad track. Another type of steel is a tubular object around a finger then referred to as a slide; that style of playing is called slide guitar.\nAcoustic guitar An acoustic guitar is a musical instrument in the string family. When a string is plucked its vibration is transmitted from the bridge, resonating throughout the top of the guitar. It is also transmitted to the side and back of the instrument, resonating through the air in the body, and producing sound from the sound hole. The original, general term for this stringed instrument is guitar, and the retronym 'acoustic guitar' distinguishes it from an electric guitar, which relies on electronic amplification. Typically, a guitar's body is a sound box, of which the top side serves as a sound board that enhances the vibration sounds of the strings. In standard tuning the guitar's six strings are tuned (low to high) E A D G B E.\nPitched percussion instrument A pitched percussion instrument (also known as a melodic or tuned percussion instrument) is a percussion instrument used to produce musical notes of one or more pitches, as opposed to an unpitched percussion instrument which is used to produce sounds of indefinite pitch.\n\n\nIdentify which instrument is string or percussion: Pambai, Steel Guitar", "role": "user" }, { "content": "Steel Guitar is string, Pambai is percussion", "role": "assistant" } ]

[ { "content": "Swooner Crooner Surveying literal hills and mountains of eggs all over his farm, Porky is impressed and asks the two roosters, How did you ever m-m-make 'em lay all those eggs? The roosters demonstrate their technique, crooning at Porky who, as a result lays a mountain of eggs.\nBlue Andalusian Andaluza Azul hens lay about 165 white eggs per year; eggs weigh . Blue-bred white hens lay the largest eggs.\nXylocopa nasalis The eggs of X. nasalis are very large relative to the size of females and are known to be some of the largest eggs among all insects.\nMarisa cornuarietis A gonochoric species, it lays eggs in characteristic disk-shape clutches, adhering to various substrates. Unlike some other apple snails, this snail lays its eggs below the waterline.\nCommon ostrich The common ostrich belongs to the order Struthioniformes. Struthioniformes previously contained all the ratites, such as the kiwis, emus, rheas, and cassowaries. However, recent genetic analysis has found that the group is not monophyletic, as it is paraphyletic with respect to the tinamous, so the ostriches are now classified as the only members of the order. Phylogenetic studies have shown that it is the sister group to all other members of Palaeognathae and thus the flighted tinamous are the sister group to the extinct moa. It is distinctive in its appearance, with a long neck and legs, and can run for a long time at a speed of with short bursts up to about , the fastest land speed of any bird. The common ostrich is the largest living species of bird and largest living dinosaur. It lays the largest eggs of any living bird (the extinct elephant birds of Madagascar and the giant moa of New Zealand laid larger eggs).\nKerry slug The eggs are very large compared with the size of the animal. The largest eggs are more elongate, being ; the smallest are more ovoid and are . All are semi-translucent, milky-white or opalescent when fresh, although some of the larger and more elongate eggs have a semi-transparent area at the smaller end. The opalescent lustre disappears in a few days and the eggs turn yellowish and later brown or black.\nMegalobulimus popelairianus Megalobulimus popelairianus has the largest eggs of all land gastropods. The size of the egg is 51 × 35 mm (see also Stanlen 1917).\nSilver-studded blue P. argus lays its eggs differently based on its environment. In heathland, they lay their eggs at the base of Erica tetralix, Calluna vulgaris, Erica cinerea, and Ulex europaeus. In mosslands, the butterflies tend to lay their eggs on the underside of the fronds of the Bracken Fern. This fern appears to be preferential for oviposition because they attract ants. In limestone grasslands, P. argus lays eggs at the stem of Lotus corniculatus and at the base of Helianthemum chamaecistus.\nMniarogekko chahoua Mniarogekko chahoua lays two well calcified eggs that become adhered to one another shortly after laying. This is known as egg gluing. Mniarogekko chahoua is the only Rhacodactylus gecko that lays adhering eggs. The eggs are generally laid on top of the substrate (generally behind loose tree bark) and are guarded by the female. The eggs hatch 60–90 days after laying.\nLargest and heaviest animals The largest living bird, a member of the Struthioniformes, is the common ostrich (Struthio camelus), from the plains of Africa. A large male ostrich can reach a height of and weigh over . A mass of has been cited for the common ostrich but no wild ostriches of this weight have been verified. Eggs laid by the ostrich can weigh and are the largest eggs in the world today.\n\n\nWhat mammal lays the largest eggs?", "role": "user" }, { "content": "The echidna, an Australian monotreme, is the largest egg-laying mammal.", "role": "assistant" } ]

[ { "content": "Inflation in India The Good Quantitative Easing by the central banks with the effect of an increased money supply in an economy often helps to increase or moderate inflationary targets. There is a puzzle formation between low-rate inflation and a high growth of money supply.\nSupply and demand In both classical and Keynesian economics, the money market is analyzed as a supply-and-demand system with interest rates being the price. The money supply may be a vertical supply curve, if the central bank of a country chooses to use monetary policy to fix its value regardless of the interest rate; in this case the money supply is totally inelastic. On the other hand, the money supply curve is a horizontal line if the central bank is targeting a fixed interest rate and ignoring the value of the money supply; in this case the money supply curve is perfectly elastic. The demand for money intersects with the money supply to determine the interest rate.\nMonetary policy of the United States The Fed controls the money supply in the United States by controlling the amount of loans made by commercial banks. New loans are usually in the form of increased checking account balances, and since checkable deposits are part of the money supply, the money supply increases when new loans are made ...\nMonetary discipline One definition of monetary discipline is a central bank matching the money supply to the level of production or reserves in an economy. This definition holds that money printing should have a relationship to a particular economic equation, rather than being influenced by politics.\nMoney The money supply of a country is usually held to be the total amount of currency in circulation plus the total value of checking and savings deposits in the commercial banks in the country. In modern economies, relatively little of the money supply is in physical currency. For example, in December 2010 in the U.S., of the $8853.4 billion in broad money supply (M2), only $915.7 billion (about 10%) consisted of physical coins and paper money.\nMoney supply Money supply data is recorded and published, usually by a government agency or the central bank of the country. Public and private sector analysts monitor changes in the money supply because of the belief that such changes affect the price levels of securities, inflation, the exchange rates, and the business cycle.\nVelocity of money The velocity of money measures the number of times that the average unit of currency is used to purchase goods and services within a given time period. The concept relates the size of economic activity to a given money supply, and the speed of money exchange is one of the variables that determine inflation. The measure of the velocity of money is usually the ratio of the gross national product (GNP) to a country's money supply.\nInside money In monetary economics, inside money is money issued by private intermediaries (i.e. commercial banks) in the form of debt (credit). This money is typically in the form of demand deposits or other deposits, and hence is part of the money supply. The money, which is an asset of the depositor but coincides with a liability of the bank, is inside money.\nWorld debt Money supply, billion $: This is the supply of broad money, or money in circulation, of the country in its own currency. The amounts are in billion US $, calculated by the official exchange rate.\nMoney supply The relationship between money and prices has historically been associated with the quantity theory of money. There is some empirical evidence of a direct relationship between the growth of the money supply and long-term price inflation, at least for rapid increases in the amount of money in the economy. For example, a country such as Zimbabwe which saw extremely rapid increases in its money supply also saw extremely rapid increases in prices (hyperinflation). This is one reason for the reliance on monetary policy as a means of controlling inflation.\n\n\nIncreased money supply (i.e. money printing)", "role": "user" }, { "content": "Demand-pull inflation.\nCost-push inflation.\nIncreased money supply (i.e. money printing)\nCurrency devaluation.\nGovernment policies and regulations.", "role": "assistant" } ]

[ { "content": "Psychology On a broader level, cognitive science is an interdisciplinary enterprise involving cognitive psychologists, cognitive neuroscientists, linguists, and researchers in artificial intelligence, human–computer interaction, and computational neuroscience. The discipline of cognitive science covers cognitive psychology as well as philosophy of mind, computer science, and neuroscience. Computer simulations are sometimes used to model phenomena of interest.\nPsychology Technological advances also renewed interest in mental states and mental representations. English neuroscientist Charles Sherrington and Canadian psychologist Donald O. Hebb used experimental methods to link psychological phenomena to the structure and function of the brain. The rise of computer science, cybernetics, and artificial intelligence underlined the value of comparing information processing in humans and machines.\nSubfields of psychology On a broader level, cognitive science is an interdisciplinary enterprise of cognitive psychologists, cognitive neuroscientists, researchers in artificial intelligence, linguists, human–computer interaction, computational neuroscience, logicians and social scientists. Computational models are sometimes used to simulate phenomena of interest. Computational models provide a tool for studying the functional organization of the mind whereas neuroscience provides measures of brain activity.\nBasic science (psychology) Cognitive science is an interdisciplinary research enterprise that involves cognitive psychologists, cognitive neuroscientists, artificial intelligence, linguists, human–computer interaction, computational neuroscience, logicians and social scientists. Computational models are sometimes used to simulate phenomena of interest. Computational models provide a tool for studying the functional organization of the mind whereas neuroscience is more concerned with brain activity.\nCognitive revolution The cognitive revolution was an intellectual movement that began in the 1950s as an interdisciplinary study of the mind and its processes. It later became known collectively as cognitive science. The relevant areas of interchange were between the fields of psychology, linguistics, computer science, anthropology, neuroscience, and philosophy. The approaches used were developed within the then-nascent fields of artificial intelligence, computer science, and neuroscience. In the 1960s, the Harvard Center for Cognitive Studies and the Center for Human Information Processing at the University of California San Diego were influential in developing the academic study of cognitive science. By the early 1970s, the cognitive movement had surpassed behaviorism as a psychological paradigm. Furthermore, by the early 1980s the cognitive approach had become the dominant line of research inquiry across most branches in the field of psychology.\nCognitive psychology Cognitive science is better understood as predominantly concerned with a much broader scope, with links to philosophy, linguistics, anthropology, neuroscience, and particularly with artificial intelligence. It could be said that cognitive science provides the corpus of information feeding the theories used by cognitive psychologists. Cognitive scientists' research sometimes involves non-human subjects, allowing them to delve into areas which would come under ethical scrutiny if performed on human participants. I.e., they may do research implanting devices in the brains of rats to track the firing of neurons while the rat performs a particular task. Cognitive science is highly involved in the area of artificial intelligence and its application to the understanding of mental processes.\nCognitive science Cognitive science is the interdisciplinary, scientific study of the mind and its processes with input from linguistics, psychology, neuroscience, philosophy, computer science/artificial intelligence, and anthropology. It examines the nature, the tasks, and the functions of cognition (in a broad sense). Cognitive scientists study intelligence and behavior, with a focus on how nervous systems represent, process, and transform information. Mental faculties of concern to cognitive scientists include language, perception, memory, attention, reasoning, and emotion; to understand these faculties, cognitive scientists borrow from fields such as linguistics, psychology, artificial intelligence, philosophy, neuroscience, and anthropology. The typical analysis of cognitive science spans many levels of organization, from learning and decision to logic and planning; from neural circuitry to modular brain organization. One of the fundamental concepts of cognitive science is that thinking can best be understood in terms of representational structures in the mind and computational procedures that operate on those structures.\nCognitive science Cognitive science is an interdisciplinary field with contributors from various fields, including psychology, neuroscience, linguistics, philosophy of mind, computer science, anthropology and biology. Cognitive scientists work collectively in hope of understanding the mind and its interactions with the surrounding world much like other sciences do. The field regards itself as compatible with the physical sciences and uses the scientific method as well as simulation or modeling, often comparing the output of models with aspects of human cognition. Similarly to the field of psychology, there is some doubt whether there is a unified cognitive science, which have led some researchers to prefer 'cognitive sciences' in plural.\nHistory of psychology The final decades of the 20th century saw the rise of cognitive science, an interdisciplinary approach to studying the human mind. Cognitive science again considers the mind as a subject for investigation, using the tools of cognitive psychology, linguistics, computer science, philosophy, behaviorism, and neurobiology. This form of investigation has proposed that a wide understanding of the human mind is possible, and that such an understanding may be applied to other research domains, such as artificial intelligence.\nEducational technology Cognitive science underwent significant change in the 1960s and 1970s to the point that some described the period as a cognitive revolution, particularly in reaction to behaviorism. While retaining the empirical framework of behaviorism, cognitive psychology theories look beyond behavior to explain brain-based learning by considering how human memory works to promote learning. It refers to learning as all processes by which the sensory input is transformed, reduced, elaborated, stored, recovered, and used by the human mind. The Atkinson-Shiffrin memory model and Baddeley's working memory model were established as theoretical frameworks. Computer science and information technology have had a major influence on cognitive science theory. The cognitive concepts of working memory (formerly known as short-term memory) and long-term memory have been facilitated by research and technology from the field of computer science. Another major influence on the field of cognitive science is Noam Chomsky. Today researchers are concentrating on topics like cognitive load, information processing, and media psychology. These theoretical perspectives influence instructional design.\n\n\nWhat is CBT?", "role": "user" }, { "content": "Cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT) is a form of psychological treatment that is very effective to treat anxiety, substance abuse, eating disorders and several other mental health disorders.", "role": "assistant" } ]

[ { "content": "Ashley House (Charleston, South Carolina) The Ashley House, one of the tallest buildings in Charleston, South Carolina is a fourteen-story condominium building on Lockwood Blvd. in Charleston, South Carolina. When built, it was the tallest apartment building in the city.\nAshley Hall (Charleston, South Carolina) Ashley Hall is a private school for girls located in downtown Charleston, South Carolina, United States for students in pre-kindergarten-grade 12. It was founded in 1909 by Mary Vardrine McBee, who headed the institution for many years. It is the only all-girls' independent private school in South Carolina.\nArchitecture of Charleston, South Carolina The architecture of Charleston, the largest city in the US state of South Carolina, has English and Barbadian influences.\nCathedral of Saint John the Baptist (Charleston, South Carolina) The Cathedral of St. John the Baptist is the mother church of the Roman Catholic Diocese of Charleston, located in Charleston, South Carolina. Designed by Brooklyn architect Patrick Keely in the Gothic Revival style, it opened in 1907. The Most Reverend Jacques E. Fabre, the fourteenth Bishop of Charleston, was ordained and installed on May 13, 2022\nCreative works set in Charleston, South Carolina There have been many creative works set in Charleston, South Carolina. In addition, Charleston is a popular filming location for movies and television, both in its own right and as a stand-in for Southern and/or historic settings.\nCharleston Bar Charleston Bar is a series of submerged shoals lying about eight miles southeast of Charleston, South Carolina, United States.\nHistory of Charleston, South Carolina The history of Charleston, South Carolina, is one of the longest and most diverse of any community in the United States, spanning hundreds of years of physical settlement beginning in 1670. Charleston was one of leading cities in the South from the colonial era to the Civil War in the 1860s. The city grew wealthy through the export of rice and, later, sea island cotton and it was the base for many wealthy merchants and landowners. Charleston was the capital of American slavery.\nBattery White Simmons, Rick (2009). Defending South Carolina's Coast: The Civil War from Georgetown to Little River. Charleston, South Carolina: The History Press.\nThe South-Carolina and American General Gazette The South-Carolina and American General Gazette was an 18th-century newspaper published in colonial Charleston, South Carolina.\nCharleston, South Carolina Charleston has many historic buildings, art and historical museums, public parks, and other attractions, including:\n\n\nWhat is appealing about Charleston in South Carolina?", "role": "user" }, { "content": "Charleston has a lot of historical sites that you can visit, which is great for educational purposes. The food is very diverse and provides many options for the pickiest of eaters. The low country is a beautiful scenery that sets the scene for cocktails, sunset catching and listening to the sounds of the creatures. There is a lot to see and learn from Charleston because of its southern charm and the people that have built its culture into a blossoming city.", "role": "assistant" } ]

[ { "content": "Solitaire board wargame For example, there have been a number of fantasy/sci-fi board games that play very well as one player games, even though they were also designed as multi-player games. These games include Dungeon Quest, Runebound, and Dungeon Twister 2.\nThe Playboy Winner's Guide to Board Games The Playboy Winner's Guide to Board Games is a book of tips on strategies for winning board games. There are 11 chapters; the first seven cover various sorts of board games, the last chapter is a discussion of role-playing games. This book is one of a few that covered a large number of proprietary board games, rather than just traditional board games.\nGames to Play David Pritchard reviewed Games to Play for Games International magazine and stated that A minor classic and a must-buy, I would hazard, for every dedicated games player. Compared to the average boxed game around offered at the same price, Games to Play has to be a bargain, and the idea Christmas present.\nTabletop game For several of these categories there are sub-categories and even sub-sub-categories or genres. For instance, German-style board games, board wargames, and are all types of board games that differ markedly in style and general interest.\nDungeon crawl Dungeon crawling in board games dates to 1975 when Gary Gygax introduced Solo Dungeon Adventures. That year also saw the release of Dungeon!. Over the years, many games build on that concept. One of the most acclaimed board games of the late 2010s, Gloomhaven, is a dungeon crawler.\nLego Lego Games launched in 2009, was a series of Lego-themed board games designed by Cephas Howard and Reiner Knizia in which the players usually build the playing board out of Lego bricks and then play with Lego-style players. Examples of the games include Minotaurus, in which players roll dice to move characters within a brick-build labyrinth, Creationary, in which players must build something which appears on a card, or Ramses Pyramid, in which players collect gems and climb up a customisable pyramid. Like many board games, the games use dice. In Lego Games, the dice are Lego, with Lego squares with symbols on Lego studs on the dice, surrounded by rubber. The games vary from simple to complex; some are similar to traditional board games, while others are completely different.\nBoardGameGeek BoardGameGeek (BGG) is an online forum for board gaming hobbyists and a game database that holds reviews, images and videos for over 125,600 different tabletop games, including European-style board games, wargames, and card games. In addition to the game database, the site allows users to rate games on a 1–10 scale and publishes a ranked list of board games.\nBrainstorming In the laboratory, directed brainstorming has been found to almost triple the productivity of groups over electronic brainstorming.\nTabletop game industry Tabletop games are occasionally referred to as board games, but are not limited to games that require a game board to play. These games are typically based on strategy, randomness, or a combination of both. Games that are traditionally described as tabletop games includes board games, card games, dice games, paper and pencil games, tabletop role-playing games, strategy games, and tile-based games.\nBrainstorming Brainstorming is a group creativity technique by which efforts are made to find a conclusion for a specific problem by gathering a list of ideas spontaneously contributed by its members.\n\n\nGive me a list of nice board games to play with friends", "role": "user" }, { "content": "1. Cards Against Humanity\n2. Codenames\n3. The Game of Things\n4. Taboo\n5. Balderdash\n6. Scattergories\n7. Exploding Kittens", "role": "assistant" } ]

[ { "content": "Shuyga Shuyga () is a rural locality (a settlement) in Surskoye Rural Settlement of Pinezhsky District, Arkhangelsk Oblast, Russia. The population was 472 as of 2010. There are 11 streets.\nSura, Arkhangelsk Oblast Sura () is a rural locality (a selo) and the administrative center of Surskoye Rural Settlement of Pinezhsky District, Arkhangelsk Oblast, Russia. The population was 727 as of 2010. There are 11 streets.\nNimenga Nimenga () is a rural locality (a settlement) and the administrative center of Nimengskoye Rural Settlement of Onezhsky District, Arkhangelsk Oblast, Russia. The population was 595 as of 2010. There are 11 streets.\nShunema Shunema () is a rural locality (a settlement) and the administrative center of Shadegnskoye Rural Settlement of Velsky District, Arkhangelsk Oblast, Russia. The population was 421 as of 2014. There are 11 streets.\nUst-Pinega Ust-Pinega () is a rural locality (a settlement) in Ust-Pinezhskoye Rural Settlement, Kholmogorsky District, Arkhangelsk Oblast, Russia. The population was 1,019 as of 2012. There are 10 streets.\nLoyga, Arkhangelsk Oblast Loyga () is a rural locality (a settlement) in Rostovsko-Minskoye Rural Settlement of Ustyansky District, Arkhangelsk Oblast, Russia. The population was 1,303 as of 2010. There are 21 streets.\nMudyuga Mudyuga () is a rural locality (a settlement) in Onezhsky District, Arkhangelsk Oblast, Russia. The population was 573 as of 2010. There are 14 streets.\nDzhelga Dzhelga () is a rural locality (a settlement) in Gorod Akhtubinsk, Akhtubinsky District, Astrakhan Oblast, Russia. The population was 37 as of 2010. There are 11 streets.\nPinega Pinega () is a rural locality (a settlement), formerly a town, in Pinezhsky District of Arkhangelsk Oblast, Russia, located on the right bank of the Pinega River (hence the name). It serves as the administrative center of Pinezhsky Selsoviet, one of the seventeen selsoviets into which the district is administratively divided. Municipally, it is the administrative center of Pinezhskoye Rural Settlement, one of the fifteen rural settlements in the district. Population: .\nAyga Ayga () is a rural locality (a settlement) in Ilezskoye Rural Settlement, Tarnogsky District, Vologda Oblast, Russia. The population was 304 as of 2002. There are 5 streets.\n\n\nWhere is Shuyga?", "role": "user" }, { "content": "Shuyga is located on the Shuyga River, 99 km southeast of Karpogory (the district's administrative centre) by road. Shulomen is the nearest rural locality.", "role": "assistant" } ]

[ { "content": "The Killing of an Egg The film starts with a bald, obese man in a bright yellow shirt preparing to eat breakfast, a soft-boiled egg. As he taps the shell with his spoon, a voice (in heavily accented English) says Hey, who is it? As the man continues to tap, it becomes clear the voice is coming from the egg. The man continues tapping away over the egg's protests, ultimately sadistically crushing the egg with his hands.\nToast (food) Toast is an important component of many breakfasts. In the United Kingdom, toast is part of a traditional breakfast: it may be incorporated in a full breakfast or eaten with baked beans. A dish popular there with children is eggs and soldiers. Strips of toast (the soldiers) are dipped into the runny yolk of a soft-boiled egg through a hole made in the top of the eggshell, and eaten.\nLauren Braun Costello Over the past ten years, Lauren's focus has been her family, raising her two sons with her husband in her native New York and Westport, Connecticut. Now, that the boys are older, they have given her their blessing to pick up where she left off and show the world how to have fun in the kitchen as only Lauren can. Through her It's Lauren, of Course segments, viewers love seeing the modern-day Jewish mother, who highlights the culinary techniques needed to make great meals without the anticipated torture. For Lauren, there's a right way to cook, a wrong way to cook, and her way to cook. Her food is fun, it's delicious and 100% authentic. Whether making over-the-top boxed lunches, weeknight dinners for her family, or entertaining for clients, Lauren doesn't miss a beat.\nThe Way to Cook The Way To Cook differs from Mastering the Art of French Cooking in numerous ways. While Mastering was a collaboration that co-authors Simone Beck and Louisette Bertholle had gotten underway before Child's involvement, The Way To Cook was a solo work written entirely by Child during the late 1980s. Another difference was that The Way To Cook did not focus entirely on French cuisine, on which her reputation had been built, but added a substantial number of recipes for traditional American dishes, especially those of New England, where Child's mother had come from and where Child had spent much of her life. In this, the book reflected the diversification of the cooking repertoire on Child's television show, Julia Child & Company, that had taken place since its premiere in 1978.\nEgg timer Most traditional egg timers have a set time of about three minutes, that being the approximate time it takes to cook an average sized hen's egg in water. Hard-boiled eggs take longer to cook. The three minute egg timer is for soft-boiled eggs.\nBreakfast by country A typical breakfast in Denmark consists of slices of rye bread (rugbrød) with yellow cheese, a soft-boiled egg – or more rarely – ham, salami or liver spread (leverpostej), or it may consist of breakfast cereals such as oatmeal or corn flakes, with yogurt being a popular alternative. White bread or bread rolls (rundstykker) are eaten with yellow cheese and different kinds of jams, usually made from berries or citrus fruits, and other toppings, all accompanied by coffee\nBoiled egg Soft-boiled eggs are commonly served in egg cups, where the top of the egg is cut off with a knife, spoon, spring-loaded egg topper, or egg scissors, using an egg spoon to scoop the egg out. Other methods include breaking the eggshell by tapping gently around the top of the shell with a spoon. Soft-boiled eggs can be eaten with toast cut into strips, which are then dipped into the runny yolk. In the United Kingdom and Australia, these strips of toast are known as soldiers.\nSue Cook Cook is a recurring character in the comedy series I'm Alan Partridge, in which she is an unseen friend of Partridge's.\nThe Best Cooking Secrets The Best Cooking Secrets format focuses on food preparations and giving instructions to the viewers on the best way to cook everyday meals. A different guest made up of chefs and celebrities will attend the show every week and demonstrate on how to make different dishes in every episodes. At the end of an episode, the host will taste the dish and give their opinions.\nNan Bangs McKinnell Nan and Jim spent much of their married life traveling and creating together. The two are remembered as artistic partners with most of their work having been made collaboratively. The two traveled across America and the world, working at colleges and artist's colonies while developing their craft. In 1953, Nan and James attended a ceramics workshop at the Archie Bray Foundation and decided to stay and work there for several years. It was at the Bray where Nan began developing glazes. Nan's deep copper glaze is still widely used today. Her glaze-making also opened up an appreciation for the decorative side of ceramics. As Nan and Jim began working more collaboratively, Nan's decorative eye came out more. In their process, often one would throw a piece on the wheel and the other would decorate it, combining their two separate artistic eyes and influences. Nan was drawn to natural shapes and forms, drawing on flowers, leaves, insects, and other animals.\n\n\nWhat's the best way to cook a soft-boiled egg?", "role": "user" }, { "content": "The best way to cook a soft-boiled egg:\n1. Add 1/2 inch of water into a pot.\n2. Bring water to a boil.\n3. Add the egg directly from the fridge.\n4. Simmer the egg for 6 minutes\n5. Drain the hot water and immediately submerge the egg in cold water\nIt's ready to eat when you are. Enjoy!", "role": "assistant" } ]

[ { "content": "Digraphia Digraphia was modeled upon diglossia the coexistence of two languages or dialects among a certain population, which derives from Greek diglossos δίγλωσσος bilingual. Charles A. Ferguson, a founder of sociolinguistics, coined diglossia in 1959. Grivelet analyzes how the influence of diglossia on the unrelated notion of digraphia has introduced some distortion in the process of defining digraphia, such as distinguishing high and low varieties. Peter Unseth notes one usage of digraphia that most closely parallels Ferguson's diglossia, situations where a language uses different scripts for different domains; for instance, shorthand in English, pinyin in Chinese for alphabetizing library files, etc. or several scripts which are replaced by Latin script during e-mail usage.\nSociolinguistics research in India Ferguson (1959) first used the term diglossia, whereby languages exhibit two or more distinct styles of speech in different contexts, and a number of studies looked into the phenomenon in more depth. Much of this research was focused on Tamil, but diglossia in Sinhalese and in Telugu was also studied.\nDiglossia The Arabist William Marçais used the term in 1930 to describe the linguistic situation in Arabic-speaking countries. The sociolinguist Charles A. Ferguson introduced the English equivalent diglossia in 1959 in the title of an article. His conceptualization of diglossia describes a society with more than one prevalent language or the high variety, which pertains to the language used in literature, newspapers, and other social institutions. The article has been cited over 4,000 times. The term is particularly embraced among sociolinguists and a number of these proposed different interpretations or varieties of the concept.\nDiglossia Here, diglossia is seen as a kind of bilingualism in a society in which one of the languages has high prestige (henceforth referred to as H), and another of the languages has low prestige (L). In Ferguson's definition, the high and low variants are always closely related.\nMetaphorical code-switching Following Ferguson's work on Diglossia, Fishman developed his theory of domain specificity. Diglossia refers to the expected use of language on a broad social level (or macro-level) and domain specificity refers to the use of language in a face-to-face conversation (micro-level).\nDiglossia Joshua Fishman expanded the definition of diglossia to include the use of unrelated languages as high and low varieties. For example, in Alsace the Alsatian language (Elsässisch) serves as (L) and French as (H). Heinz Kloss calls the (H) variant exoglossia and the (L) variant endoglossia.\nSociolect The chart below gives an example of diglossia in Arabic-speaking nations and where it is used. Diglossia is defined by Mesthrie as [a] situation where two varieties of a language exist side by side. The Classical Arabic is known as الفصحى, or al-fuṣḥā, while the colloquial dialect depends on the country. For example, شامي, or šāmi, is spoken in Lebanon and parts of Syria. In many situations, there is a major lexical difference among words in the classical and colloquial speech, as well as pronunciation differences, such as a difference in short vowels, when the words are the same. Although a specific example of diglossia was not given, its social context is almost if not more important. For example, Halliday tells us that in areas with Diglossia, the link between language and success is apparent as the higher, classical register is learned through formal education.\nGrebo languages Diglossia (extended or not), often with Liberian (Pidgin) English, provides an additional dimension to the complexity described above.\nDiglossia As an aspect of study of the relationships between codes and social structure, diglossia is an important concept in the field of sociolinguistics. At the social level, each of the two dialects has certain spheres of social interaction assigned to it and in the assigned spheres it is the only socially acceptable dialect (with minor exceptions). At the grammatical level, differences may involve pronunciation, inflection, and/or syntax (sentence structure). Differences can range from minor (although conspicuous) to extreme. In many cases of diglossia, the two dialects are so divergent that they are distinct languages as defined by linguists: they are not mutually intelligible.\nSinhala language It has two main varieties, written and spoken, and is a conspicuous example of the linguistic phenomenon known as diglossia.\n\n\nWhat is \"diglossia\"?", "role": "user" }, { "content": "Diglossia is when one community uses two different languages or dialects depending on the circumstances e.g. for written things and for casual conversation. A weird (not actual schoolbook) case of that is Swiss German. High German is used for written and formal things while Swiss German is used to speak.", "role": "assistant" } ]

[ { "content": "Dash Either the en dash or the em dash may be used as a bullet at the start of each item in a bulleted list. (This is a matter of graphic design rather than orthography.)\nBullet (typography) To create bulleted list items for a web page, the markup language HTML provides the list tag codice_1. Each list tag inside an unordered list will generate one bulleted list item.\nHistory of Allahabad Allahabad is the birthplace of Jawaharlal Nehru, and the Nehru family estate, called Anand Bhavan, is now a museum. It is also the birthplace of Indira Gandhi, and the home of Lal Bahadur Shastri, both later Prime Ministers of India. Vishwanath Pratap Singh and Chandra Shekhar were also associated with Allahabad. Thus, Allahabad has the distinction of being the home of several Prime Ministers in India's post-independence history.\nBullet (typography) To create bulleted list items for a document, the markup language LaTeX provides the item tag codice_2. Each item tag inside an itemized list will generate one bulleted list item.\nBullet (typography) Lists made with bullets are called bulleted lists. The HTML element name for a bulleted list is unordered list, because the list items are not arranged in numerical order (as they would be in a numbered list). Usually, bullet points are used to list things.\nPrime Minister of India Several institutions are named after prime ministers of India. The birth date of Jawaharlal Nehru is celebrated as children's day in India. Prime ministers are also commemorated on the postage stamps of several countries.\nGhantewala It has catered to Mughal Emperors, Presidents and Prime Ministers of India, from Nehru to his grandson Rajiv Gandhi. Over the years, it has also remained a popular visitors attraction in Old Delhi area and known for its Sohan Halwa.\nAllahabad Allahabad is known as the City of Prime Ministers because seven out of 15 prime ministers of India since independence have connections to Allahabad (Jawaharlal Nehru, Lal Bahadur Shastri, Indira Gandhi, Rajiv Gandhi, Gulzarilal Nanda, Vishwanath Pratap Singh and Chandra Shekhar). All seven leaders were either born in Allahabad, were alumni of Allahabad University or were elected from an Allahabad constituency.\nRecords of prime ministers of Australia Queen Elizabeth II had by far the greatest number of prime ministers serve her during her reign, being 16. In descending numerical order, numbers of prime ministers in office during all monarch's reigns are:\nHistorical rankings of prime ministers of the United Kingdom Both The Times and Iain Dale have specifically ranked all (or almost all) prime ministers of the United Kingdom and prime ministers of Great Britain.\n\n\nGive me a bulleted list of the three most recent prime ministers of India", "role": "user" }, { "content": "1. Narendra Modi: Current prime minister of India since 2014\n2. Manmohan Singh: Former prime minister that chaired the prestigious position from 2004 till 2014.\n3. Atal Bihari Vajpayee: From 1998 to 2004, he was the prime minister of India.", "role": "assistant" } ]

[ { "content": "Decathlon (retailer) Decathlon is vertically integrated, designing and developing its own products and marketing under its more than 20 brands, with each sport—and often sub-sports and sports groups—having their own:\nNan Bangs McKinnell Nan and Jim spent much of their married life traveling and creating together. The two are remembered as artistic partners with most of their work having been made collaboratively. The two traveled across America and the world, working at colleges and artist's colonies while developing their craft. In 1953, Nan and James attended a ceramics workshop at the Archie Bray Foundation and decided to stay and work there for several years. It was at the Bray where Nan began developing glazes. Nan's deep copper glaze is still widely used today. Her glaze-making also opened up an appreciation for the decorative side of ceramics. As Nan and Jim began working more collaboratively, Nan's decorative eye came out more. In their process, often one would throw a piece on the wheel and the other would decorate it, combining their two separate artistic eyes and influences. Nan was drawn to natural shapes and forms, drawing on flowers, leaves, insects, and other animals.\nDonovan Catholic High School The athletic teams compete in the following sports: football, soccer, powerlifting, baseball, hockey, basketball, swimming, gymnastics, cheerleading, softball, lacrosse, tennis, golf, wrestling, track and field, volleyball, sailing, bowling, and cross country running.\nGorevision films Gorevision films are known for their shocking imagery and are considered horror comedies; some would categorize them as shock exploitation films. They typically contain overt sexuality, graphic violence, gore, nudity and punk rock bands playing live.\nDecathlon Decathlon bests are only recognized when an athlete completes the ten-event competition with a score over 7,000 points.\nAquacycling Aquabiking (also called Aqua cycling) is the combination of water sports and cycling sports. Two activities share the term. One is an underwater indoor cycling, and the other is a race featuring swimming and cycling stages.\nPong Nan Nan Yik-Pong, better known by his stage name Pong Nan (; born 15 May 1978), is a Cantopop musician, singer-songwriter and actor in Hong Kong of Hakka ancestry.\nDecathlon (1992 video game) Decathlon is a decathlon-themed sports game developed by C&E for the Nintendo Entertainment System, and published in 1992.\nAno Liosia The 11th International Chess Tournament took place in Ano Liosia in 2001. The following sports teams are based in Ano Liosia:\nAmerican Champion Decathlon The American Champion 8KCAB Decathlon and Super Decathlon are two-seat fixed conventional gear light airplanes designed for flight training and personal use and capable of sustaining aerobatic stresses between +6g and −5g. The Decathlon entered production in the United States in 1970 as a more powerful and stronger complement to the American Champion Citabria line of aircraft.\n\n\nHow would you categorize the following sports into two groups; baseball, archery, decathlon, hockey", "role": "user" }, { "content": "One way of categorizing these sports is by whether they're team or individual competitions:\n\nTeam - baseball and hockey\n\nIndividual - archery and decathlon", "role": "assistant" } ]

[ { "content": "Tiger Stadium (Detroit) When the stadium closed, it was tied with Fenway Park as the oldest ballpark in Major League Baseball, the two parks having opened on the same date in 1912. Taking predecessor Bennett Park into account, Tiger Stadium was the oldest Major League Baseball site in use in 1999.\nMajor League Baseball records Major League Baseball records are the superlative statistics of Major League Baseball (MLB). These include:\nSam Lynn Ballpark Sam Lynn Ballpark (also known as Historic Sam Lynn Ballpark) is a baseball venue in Bakersfield, California (address: 4009 Chester Avenue, Bakersfield, CA 93301) and was the oldest ballpark of the Class-A Advanced California League. It was built in 1941 for the Bakersfield Badgers, which began the 1941 season as a charter member of the California League. The ballpark's current tenant is called the Bakersfield Train Robbers, which plays in the Pecos League and are not affiliated with any team in Major or Minor League Baseball.\nCharlie Parsons (baseball) <nowiki>*</nowiki>Information from Allen Barra's book Rickwood Field - A century in America's Oldest Ballpark\n2016 Major League Baseball season In February 2016, Major League Baseball and the Major League Baseball Players Association agreed to two rule changes.\n2017 Major League Baseball season In March 2017, Major League Baseball and the Major League Baseball Players Association agreed to seven rule changes.\nMajor League Baseball Urban Youth Academy Major League Baseball Youth Academies are a series of academies in American cities and one in Puerto Rico that provides free year-round instruction in baseball and softball to the areas' youth. The academies are run as not-for-profit organizations by Major League Baseball (MLB).\nComparison of Major League Baseball and Nippon Professional Baseball The NPB rules are essentially those of the American Major League Baseball (MLB), but technical elements are slightly different.\n2016 Major League Baseball postseason The 2016 Major League Baseball postseason was the playoff tournament of Major League Baseball for the 2016 season. The winners of the League Division Series would move on to the League Championship Series to determine the pennant winners that face each other in the World Series.\n2004 Major League Baseball postseason The 2004 Major League Baseball postseason was the playoff tournament of Major League Baseball for the 2004 season. The winners of the League Division Series would move on to the League Championship Series to determine the pennant winners that face each other in the World Series.\n\n\nWhat is the second oldest ballpark in Major League Baseball?", "role": "user" }, { "content": "The second oldest ballpark in Major League Baseball is Wrigley Field in Chicago, IL. It was built in 1914, two years after Fenway Park opened in Boston, MA.", "role": "assistant" } ]

[ { "content": "Comber Earlies Comber potatoes have long been linked with the Ulster Scots planters the Hamiltons and Montgomerys. The first written mention of potatoes being grown in Ireland, in 1606, mentions Comber.\nPotato bread On the island of Ireland, potato bread or cakes known as boxty () were popular, and may have been a result of the floury types of potatoes that were common in the country.\nIris graminea It is the most commonly grown Iris spuria species, and can be easily found in plants nurseries, though it is most commonly known in Europe.\nReestit mutton Reestit mutton is commonly used as the basis for reestit mutton soup. The soup is made with tatties (potatoes), and is commonly served with bannocks - small savoury scone-like baked items. This dish is commonly associated with the Up Helly Aa fire festival. It can also be used as the filling of a reestit mutton pie.\nWilliams pear The Williams' bon chrétien pear, commonly called the Williams pear, or the Bartlett pear in the United States and Canada, is the most commonly grown variety of pear in most countries outside Asia.\nHicksbeachia Neither of the two species is common. H. pinnatifolia is the one more commonly grown, due to its edible nuts.\nAgriculture in Ethiopia Ensete, known locally as false banana, is an important food source in Ethiopia's southern and southwestern highlands. It is cultivated principally by the Gurage, Sidama, and several other ethnic groups in the region. Resembling the banana but bearing an inedible fruit, the plant produces large quantities of starch in its underground rhizome and an above-ground stem that can reach a height of several meters. Ensete flour constitutes the staple food of the local people. Taro, yams, and sweet potatoes are commonly grown in the same region as the ensete.\nPotato In the UK, potatoes form part of the traditional staple, fish and chips. Roast potatoes are commonly served as part of a Sunday roast dinner and mashed potatoes form a major component of several other traditional dishes, such as shepherd's pie, bubble and squeak, and bangers and mash. New potatoes may be cooked with mint and are often served with butter.\nBrainstorming In the laboratory, directed brainstorming has been found to almost triple the productivity of groups over electronic brainstorming.\nHenri Barki Small Group Brainstorming and Idea Quality: Is Electronic Brainstorming the Most Effective Approach?<br>\n\n\nWhat are some types of potatoes commonly grown in Ireland?", "role": "user" }, { "content": "Potato varieties can change in popularity over time. Most recently, the Irish Potato Federation has listed the following types as most popular: Rooster, Kerr's Pink, Golden Wonder, Salad & Baby Potatoes, and Maris Piper.", "role": "assistant" } ]

[ { "content": "The Lean Startup Instead, Ries argues that to build a great company, one must begin with the customers in the form of interviews and research discovery. Building an MVP (Minimum viable product) and then testing and iterating quickly results in less waste and a better product market fit. Ries also recommends using a process called the Five Whys, a technique designed to reach the core of an issue.\nMonopoly As the definition of the market is of a matter of interchangeability, if the goods or services are regarded as interchangeable then they are within the same product market. For example, in the case of United Brands v Commission, it was argued in this case that bananas and other fresh fruit were in the same product market and later on dominance was found because the special features of the banana made it could only be interchangeable with other fresh fruits in a limited extent and other and is only exposed to their competition in a way that is hardly perceptible. The demand substitutability of the goods and services will help in defining the product market and it can be access by the ‘hypothetical monopolist’ test or the ‘SSNIP’ test .\nFactor market As with the product market, a manager must not only know the direction of a change in demand but the magnitude of the change. That is, the manager must know how much to alter a resource's use if its price changes.\nNan Bangs McKinnell Nan and Jim spent much of their married life traveling and creating together. The two are remembered as artistic partners with most of their work having been made collaboratively. The two traveled across America and the world, working at colleges and artist's colonies while developing their craft. In 1953, Nan and James attended a ceramics workshop at the Archie Bray Foundation and decided to stay and work there for several years. It was at the Bray where Nan began developing glazes. Nan's deep copper glaze is still widely used today. Her glaze-making also opened up an appreciation for the decorative side of ceramics. As Nan and Jim began working more collaboratively, Nan's decorative eye came out more. In their process, often one would throw a piece on the wheel and the other would decorate it, combining their two separate artistic eyes and influences. Nan was drawn to natural shapes and forms, drawing on flowers, leaves, insects, and other animals.\nPong Nan Nan Yik-Pong, better known by his stage name Pong Nan (; born 15 May 1978), is a Cantopop musician, singer-songwriter and actor in Hong Kong of Hakka ancestry.\nProduct/market fit Product/market fit, also known as product-market fit, is the degree to which a product satisfies a strong market demand.\nNan Bangs McKinnell In Seattle, Nan began working as a teacher once again, earning money to help support her family back in Nebraska. It wasn't long until Nan was applying for graduate school, and after a few years in Seattle, she was taking summer classes at the University of Washington where she started her art. While the men were away at war, Nan began teaching in an architectural drawing and design classes at the University. As she continued her own studies, Nan realized that painting and design were not her forte and took an introductory class in ceramic engineering and was drawn to clay as an artistic medium.\nProduct/market fit Marc Andreessen defined the term as follows: “Product/market fit means being in a good market with a product that can satisfy that market.” Many people interpret product/market fit as creating a so called minimum viable product that addresses and solves a problem or need that exists.\nWebist Nan Tian, Yue Xu, Yuefeng Li, Ahmad Abdel-Hafez and Audun Josang. Product Feature Taxonomy Learning based on User Reviews\nProduct engineering Product engineering refer to the process of designing and developing a device, assembly, or system such that it be produced as an item for sale through some product manufacturing process. Product engineering usually entails activity dealing with issues of cost, producibility, quality, performance, reliability, serviceability, intended lifespan and user features. These product characteristics are generally all sought in the attempt to make the resulting product attractive to its intended market and a successful contributor to the business of the organization that intends to offer the product to that market. It includes design, development and transitioning to manufacturing of the product. The term encompasses developing the concept of the product and the design and development of its hardware and software components. After the initial design and development is done, transitioning the product to manufacture it in volumes is considered part of product engineering.\n\n\nHow do you know if you reached product market fit?", "role": "user" }, { "content": "Product market fit, a term used by the startups ecosystem to identify if they have a product that satisfies a need for a number of customers for a problem they are currently facing. There is not a single unit of measurement if a startup reached product market fit or not. One of the ways to measure product market fit is if a startup is able to develop a repeatable sales process and are able to do basic forecasting for revenue. A product market fit is crucially important for the first product released by a startup but it’s also important for all upcoming releases of new products.", "role": "assistant" } ]

[ { "content": "Passive management Index funds are mutual funds that try to replicate the returns of an index by purchasing securities in the same proportion as in the stock market index. Some funds replicate index returns through sampling (e.g., buying stocks of each kind and sector in the index but not necessarily some of each individual stock), and there are sophisticated versions of sampling (e.g., those that seek to buy those particular shares that have the best chance of good performance). Investment funds that employ passive investment strategies to track the performance of a stock market index are known as index funds.\nOpen-end fund Most open-end funds are actively managed, meaning that a portfolio manager picks the securities to buy, although index funds are now growing in popularity. Index funds are open-end funds that attempt to replicate an index, such as the S&P 500, and therefore do not allow the manager to actively choose securities to buy.\nExchange-traded fund Among the advantages of ETFs are the following, some of which derive from the status of most ETFs as index funds:\nThe Vanguard Group Index Investment Trust (now called the Vanguard 500 Index Fund). This was one of the earliest passive investing index funds, preceded a few years earlier by a handful of others (e.g., Jeremy Grantham's Batterymarch Financial Management in Boston, and index funds managed by Rex Sinquefield at American National Bank in Chicago, and John Mac McQuown at Wells Fargo's San Francisco office).\nIndex fund The relative appeal of index funds, ETFs and other index-replicating investment vehicles has grown rapidly for various reasons ranging from disappointment with underperforming actively managed mandates to the broader tendency towards cost reduction across public services and social benefits that followed the 2008-2012 Great Recession. Public-sector pensions and national reserve funds have been among the early adopters of index funds and other passive management strategies.\nPassive management In 2017, Robert Shiller, a Nobel Prize winning economist at Yale University, stated passive index funds are a chaotic system and kind of pseudoscience due to what he described as an over-reliance on computer models and a neglect of the businesses whose stocks make up index funds.\nDimensional Fund Advisors The company’s founders studied at the University of Chicago under Eugene Fama and Kenneth French. DFA's investment strategy is based on application of the efficient market hypothesis. Dimensional was one of the earliest firms to offer passive investing and runs the oldest small-cap index fund in the United States. However, DFA's versions of index funds skew towards smaller company stocks and value stocks, and thus operate differently from most index funds which are weighted by market capitalization. This strategy results in regulators, such as the SEC, and some analysts describing the funds as actively managed. The company offers equity and fixed income mutual funds and Exchange-traded funds.\nS&amp;P 500 Index funds, including mutual funds and exchange-traded funds (ETFs), can replicate, before fees and expenses, the performance of the index by holding the same stocks as the index in the same proportions. ETFs that replicate the performance of the index are issued by The Vanguard Group (), iShares (), and State Street Corporation (), and the most liquid based on average daily volume is currently (), although SPY has a slightly higher expense ratio of 0.09% compared to just 0.03% for VOO and IVV. Mutual funds that track the index are offered by Fidelity Investments, T. Rowe Price, and Charles Schwab Corporation.\nMutual fund Mutual funds are often classified by their principal investments: money market funds, bond or fixed income funds, stock or equity funds, or hybrid funds. Funds may also be categorized as index funds, which are passively managed funds that track the performance of an index, such as a stock market index or bond market index, or actively managed funds, which seek to outperform stock market indices but generally charge higher fees. Primary structures of mutual funds are open-end funds, closed-end funds, unit investment trusts.\nFund.com Fund.com Inc. is a US-based financial services information publishing company and fund platform that focuses on the fund management industry. Its aims were to provide a destination website for investments, including mutual funds, hedge funds, money market funds, exchange-traded funds (ETFs), closed-end funds, index funds, commodity funds and other types of pooled investment vehicles.\n\n\nWhat are index funds?", "role": "user" }, { "content": "Index funds are investment funds that follow a benchmark index, such as the S&P 500 or the Nasdaq 100. When you put money in an index fund, that cash is then used to invest in all the companies that make up the particular index, which gives you a more diverse portfolio than if you were buying individual stocks.", "role": "assistant" } ]

[ { "content": "Relative growth rate Relative growth rate (RGR) is growth rate relative to size - that is, a rate of growth per unit time, as a proportion of its size at that moment in time. It is also called the exponential growth rate, or the continuous growth rate.\nChaetomium subspirale Chaetomium subspirale has been recognized for having a daily growth rate of 2.5-3.5 μm for colonies. Canadian mycologist Dr. Adrian Carter observed a moderately fast growth rate of 3.0-3.5 mm/day in Czapek’s medium and Leonian’s medium and a growth rate of 3.0-4.0 mm/day for the tomato paste and oatmeal-based medium, Weitzman & Silvia-Hunter’s agar.\nWolffia The growth rate of Wolffia varies within and among species. The rates of photosynthesis and respiration also vary proportionately to growth rate. The fastest growth rate (in fact, the fastest growth rate of any flowering plant) is shown by a clone of Wolffia microscopica, with a doubling time of 29.3 hours.\nAnnual growth rate Annual growth rate is a useful tool to identify trends in investments. According to a survey of nearly 200 senior marketing managers conducted by The Marketing Accountability Standards Board, 69% of subjects responded that they consider average annual growth rate to be a useful measurement. The formula used to calculate annual growth rate uses the previous year as a base. Over longer periods of time, compound annual growth rate (CAGR) is generally an acceptable metric for average growth rates.\nRelative growth rate When calculating or discussing relative growth rate, it is important to pay attention to the units of time being considered.\nGrowth rate (group theory) If formula_15 grows more slowly than any exponential function, G has a subexponential growth rate. Any such group is amenable.\nCambridge capital controversy According to the Harrod–Domar model there are three kinds of growth: the rate of warranted growth; the rate of actual growth; and the natural rate of growth. Warranted growth-rate is the rate of growth at which the economy does not expand indefinitely or go into recession. Actual growth is the real rate-increase in a country's yearly GDP. Natural rate of growth is the rate at which the growth an economy requires that full employment is maintained. For example, If the labor force grows at 3 percent per year, with everything else being equal, then to maintain full employment, the economy’s annual growth rate must be 3 percent.\nGrowth rate (group theory) Then the growth rate of the group G can be defined as the corresponding equivalence class of the function\nSuti I The decadal growth rate of population in Murshidabad district was as follows: 33.5% in 1951-61, 28.6% in 1961-71, 25.5% in 1971-81, 28.2% in 1981-91, 23.8% in 1991-2001 and 21.1% in 2001-11. The decadal growth rate for West Bengal in 2001-11 was 13.93%.\nSuti II The decadal growth rate of population in Murshidabad district was as follows: 33.5% in 1951-61, 28.6% in 1961-71, 25.5% in 1971-81, 28.2% in 1981-91, 23.8% in 1991-2001 and 21.1% in 2001-11. The decadal growth rate for West Bengal in 2001-11 was 13.93%.\n\n\nHow to calculate growth rate?", "role": "user" }, { "content": "The term “growth rate” describes the rate of change in the value of a specific metric across a given time period, expressed as a percentage.\n\nCommon examples of scenarios where the growth rate is often used are the following:\n\nCompany Sales\nPopulation Figures\nGross Domestic Product (GDP)\nInflation Rate\nUnder the specific context of financial modeling, the growth rate is most frequently on a quarterly or annual basis (i.e. year-over-year).\n\nMore defensible predictions can be made about the future trajectory of a metric in question by determining its historical growth, which can serve as a practical point of reference for forecasting purposes.\n\nHowever, the metric’s usefulness is still tied to the extent that the underlying drivers are identified and researched in-depth.\n\nBy itself, calculating the historical growth is not enough, because what actually caused the past growth and which qualitative factors are likely to determine a metric’s future growth must also be clearly understood.\n\n\nThe following formula can be used to calculate the growth rate across two periods.\n\nGrowth Rate (%) = (Ending Value ÷ Beginning Value) – 1\nFor example, if a company’s revenue was $100 million in 2020 and grew to $120 million in 2021, its year-over-year (YoY) growth rate is 20%.\n\nGrowth Rate = ($120 million ÷ $100 million) – 1 = 0.20, or 20%", "role": "assistant" } ]

[ { "content": "Kris Jenner... and All Things Kardashian Kris Jenner... and All Things Kardashian is a 2011 memoir by television personality Kris Jenner. It discusses her friendship with Nicole Brown Simpson, the O. J. Simpson murder trial, and anecdotes about her family.\nNick Saglimbeni In August 2007, Saglimbeni met socialite Kim Kardashian while photographing her cover shoot for a magazine. Following the shoot, he continued to photograph Kim and her family members Kourtney Kardashian, Khloé Kardashian, Rob Kardashian, Kendall Jenner, Kylie Jenner, Kris Jenner and Caitlyn Jenner (then Bruce) for projects such as the Kardashian Kollection fashion campaigns, magazine covers for Kim, Kris and Khloé, Kris Jenner's 2011 autobiography book cover, promotional art for Kris Jenner's talk show, Kim Kardashian's wedding to Kris Humphries, Kylie Jenner Cosmetics, and Kendall and Kylie's first professional modeling shoots.\nKris Jenner... and All Things Kardashian The book is a memoir of Kris Jenner's life. She details her friendship with the late Nicole Brown Simpson, and the OJ Simpson trial which her ex-husband Robert Kardashian participated in. Jenner also shares personal memories of her children's lives, including daughter Kim's first relationship, first marriage at age 19, Khloe's difficulty in grieving the death of her father, and a 1996 incident in which daughter Kourtney grounded a commercial flight by shouting that there was a bomb on board.\nKris Jenner Kanye West, her then-son-in-law through his marriage to Kim, revealed the first public picture of Jenner's granddaughter North West on the show. The show's six-week trial run was not extended.\nCaitlyn Jenner Jenner has six children with three successive wives – Chrystie Crownover, Linda Thompson, and Kris Jenner – and from 2007 to 2021 appeared on the reality television series Keeping Up with the Kardashians with Kris, their daughters Kendall and Kylie Jenner, as well as Kris's other children from her previous marriage, Kourtney, Kim, Khloé, and Rob Kardashian.\nBrody Jenner After Jenner's parents divorced in 1985, Caitlyn Jenner married Kris Kardashian, the ex-wife of attorney Robert Kardashian, in 1991. Consequently, Jenner became a stepbrother to Kourtney, Kim, Khloé, and Rob Kardashian. Kris gave birth to his half-sisters Kendall and Kylie Jenner in 1995 and 1997, respectively.\nFrank Jenner Jenner died from colorectal cancer in 1977. While he was alive, very few people knew of him, but after he died, stories of his evangelistic activities circulated widely, and elements of some of these stories contradicted others. In 2000, Raymond Wilson published Jenner of George Street: Sydney's Soul-Winning Sailor in an attempt to tell the story of Jenner's life accurately. Nonetheless, conflicting accounts of Jenner's life have continued to propagate, including an account from Ché Ahn in which Jenner is referred to as Mr. Genor.\nBrandon &amp; Leah After Jenner's parents divorced in 1985, Caitlyn Jenner married Kris Kardashian, the ex-wife of attorney Robert Kardashian, in 1991. Consequently, Jenner became a stepbrother of Kourtney, Kim, Khloé, and Rob Kardashian. Kris gave birth to his half-sisters Kendall and Kylie Jenner in 1995 and 1997.\nKris Jenner Jenner's first marriage was to lawyer Robert Kardashian (who later became widely known for his early legal representation of O. J. Simpson) on July 8, 1978. They have four children: daughters Kourtney (born 1979), Kim (born 1980), Khloé (born 1984), and son Rob (born 1987). They divorced in March 1991 but remained close friends until his death from esophageal cancer in 2003.\nThe Kardashians The series focuses mainly on sisters Kourtney, Kim, and Khloé Kardashian and their half-sisters, Kendall and Kylie Jenner, and their mother, Kris Jenner. It also features some of their current and ex-partners, including Travis Scott, Travis Barker, Kanye West, Tristan Thompson, Scott Disick, and Corey Gamble, with guest appearances from various friends in the entertainment industry.\n\n\nName 10 of Kris Jenner's Grandchildren", "role": "user" }, { "content": "North West, Saint West, Chicago West, Psalm West, True Thompson, Dream Kardashian, Stormi Webster, Aire Webster, Mason Disick, Penelope Disick and Reign Disick.", "role": "assistant" } ]

[ { "content": "Chotpoti Chotpoti ( ), is a Bengali street food mostly popular in Bangladesh, along with other urban areas. The word chotpoti, translates to 'spicy.'\nGreen Zebra Green Zebra is a tomato cultivar with characteristic dark green and yellow stripes. Newer variations blush reddish instead of yellow when ripe. It is more tart (described as 'spicy' and 'zingy') than a regular tomato, and it is an early cultivar. Compared to other tomato varieties, it can produce somewhat mealy fruits depending on growing conditions.\nMaeun-tang Maeun-tang () or spicy fish stew is a hot spicy Korean cuisine fish soup boiled with gochujang (Korean red chili pepper paste), '고춧가루'(chili powder), and various vegetables. The name is a combination of two words: '매운', which derives from '맵다', meaning hot and spicy; and '탕(湯)', meaning soup. As its main ingredient, fresh or saltwater fish is cut into several pieces and boiled with green vegetables such as watercress and garland chrysanthemum. Onion, radish, chilis, crown daisy, garlic, and sometimes zucchini and bean curd are added to the mixture to absorb the chili pepper paste which is the main flavoring of this dish. It is then seasoned with chili powder, garlic, soy sauce, and additional gochujang may be added once more to taste.\nThe Spicy Effect The Spicy Effect, commonly referred to as Spicy or Spicy Music, is a Greek independent record label founded in 2009 by songwriter and record producer Phoebus, in association with the investment arm of Nea Tileorasi.\nIris sibirica 'Abitibi' ; 'Aindling Goldauge' ; 'Aindling Libelle' ; 'Aindling Morgenstimmung' ; 'Aindling Rohrsaenger' ; 'Banish Misfortune' ; 'Butterfly Fountain' ; 'Chaudiere' ; 'Chrysobirica' ; 'Chrysobirica Gloriosa' ; 'Chrysobirica Purpurea' ; 'Common Denominator' ; 'Cookley Blue' ; 'Foretell' ; 'Gatineau' ; 'Helicon' ; 'Hohe Warte' ; 'Kootenay' ; 'Lichterfeldius' ; 'Madawaska' ; 'Matane' ; 'Mauve Snowtop' ; 'Moonscape' ; 'Neidenstein' ; 'Ottawa' ; 'Rideau' ; 'Rimouski' ; 'Royal Californian' ; 'Pausback Sibtosa' ; 'Pembina' ; 'Pennywhistle' ; 'Pickanock' ; 'Salamander Crossing' ; 'Sarah Tiffney' ; 'Sibulleyanna' ; 'Soothsayer' ; 'Sporting Chance' ; 'Starsteps' ; 'Stilles Wasser' ; 'True Blue'; 'Vidtinky Nochi' ; 'Violet Wave' ; 'Weber's Spring Blues' and 'Zeta'.\nSpicy Love Soup Spicy Love Soup () is a 1997 Chinese film directed by Zhang Yang and written by Zhang, Liu Fendou, Cai Shangjun, and Diao Yi'nan based on a story by Zhang and Peter Loehr. Spicy Love Soup was produced by Loehr's Imar Film Company, Xi'an Film Studio, and Taiwanese financing.\nHazelnut The many cultivars of the hazel include 'Atababa,' 'Barcelona,' 'Butler,' 'Casina,' 'Clark,' 'Cosford,' 'Daviana,' 'Delle Langhe,' 'England,' 'Ennis,' 'Halls Giant,' 'Jemtegaard,' 'Kent Cob,' 'Lewis,' 'Tokolyi,' 'Tonda Gentile,' 'Tonda di Giffoni,' 'Tonda Romana,' 'Wanliss Pride,' and 'Willamette.' Some of these are grown for specific qualities of the nut, including large nut size or early or late fruiting, whereas others are grown as pollinators. The majority of commercial hazelnuts are propagated from root sprouts. Some cultivars are of hybrid origin between common hazel and filbert.\nKerala Natanam Chandrasekharan's creative contributions include such compositions as 'Voice of Travancore,' 'Manishada,' 'Siva Thandavam,' 'Ganesh Nritham,' 'Ardhanareeswara,' 'Surya Nritham,' 'Geethopadesam,' Kalidasa's 'Kumara Sambhavam,' 'Sakunthalam,' Kumaran Asan's 'Chandala Bhikshuki,' Vallathol's 'Magdalana Maria,' 'Guruvum Sishyanum,' Vayalar's 'Ayisha,' Changampuzha's 'Ramanan' and 'Markandeyan,' 'Mohini Rugmangada,' 'Savithri,' 'Dakshayagam,' 'Ekalavyan,' 'Chilappadikaram,' Greek story 'Pygmalion,' Chinese story 'Fisherman's Revenge,' Japanese story 'Esashiyuvo' (Prapidiyan Pathalathil), Bible story 'Salome' and many more. He successfully composed and performed several ballets such as 'Sri Guruvayurappan,' 'Kumara Sambhavam,' 'Sri Ayyappan,' 'Hrishya Sringan' and 'Sri Hanuman.'\nPotato cooking For preparations where the vegetable, whole or sliced, must hold its shape, we use firm-fleshed varieties: 'Aura', 'Belle de Fontenay', 'BF 15', 'Charlotte', 'Exquisa', 'Franceline', 'Linzer delikatess', 'Ratte', 'Rosa', 'Roseval', 'Rosine', 'Sieglinde', 'Stella', 'Valdor', 'Viola', etc.\nPluralis excellentiae Abstract plurals with -im endings such as in words for 'uprightness', 'blessedness', 'sweetness', 'youth', 'strength', etc. take feminine singular verbs and adjectives.\n\n\nCategorize each of the following as either 'spicy', 'not spicy' or 'sometimes spicy': jalapenos, chilis, sriracha, chips, pizza, cocktails, fruit, milk", "role": "user" }, { "content": "Jalapenos are spicy.\nChilis are spicy.\nSriracha is spicy.\nChips are sometimes spicy.\nPizza is sometimes spicy.\nCocktails are sometimes spicy.\nFruit is not spicy.\nMIlk is not spicy.", "role": "assistant" } ]

[ { "content": "Ouzo Similar aperitifs include sambuca from (Italy), pastis from (France), oghi (from Armenia), rakı from Turkey, and arak (from the Levant). Its aniseed flavour is also similar to the anise-flavoured liqueur of anís (Spain) and the stronger spirits of absinthe (France and Switzerland). Aguardiente (Latin America), made from sugar cane, is also similar. The Italian drink Pallini Mistra, named after the Greek city of Mystras in the Peloponnese is a version of ouzo made in Rome that closely resembles Greek and Cypriot ouzo.\nOuzo Ouzo is a clear liquid. However, when water or ice is added, ouzo turns a milky-white colour. This is because anethole, the essential oil of anise, is completely soluble in alcohol at approximately 38% ABV and above, but not in water. Diluting the spirit causes it to separate, creating an emulsion whose fine droplets scatter the light. This process is called louching and is also seen while preparing absinthe.\nOuzo effect The ouzo effect (also louche effect and spontaneous emulsification) is a milky (louche) oil-in-water emulsion that is formed when water is added to ouzo and other , such as pastis, rakı, arak, sambuca and absinthe. Such emulsions occur with only minimal mixing and are highly stable.\nOuzo Ouzo (, ) is a dry anise-flavored aperitif that is widely consumed in Greece. It is made from rectified spirits that have undergone a process of distillation and flavoring. Its taste is similar to other anise liquors like pastis, sambuca, rakı and arak.\nAnise Anise is used to flavor Greek ouzo and mastika; Italian sambuca; French absinthe, anisette, and pastis; Spanish anis de chinchón, anís , anísado and Herbs de Majorca; Turkish and Armenian rakı; Lebanese, Egyptian, Syrian, Jordanian, Palestinian and Israeli arak; and Algerian Anisette Cristal. Outside the Mediterranean region, it is found in Colombian aguardiente and Mexican Xtabentún. These liquors are clear, but on addition of water become cloudy, a phenomenon known as the ouzo effect.\nArak (drink) Arak is a stronger flavored liquor, and is usually mixed in proportions of approximately one part arak to two parts water in a traditional Eastern Mediterranean water vessel called an ibrik (Arabic: ). The mixture is then poured into ice-filled cups, usually small, but can also be consumed in regular sized cups. This dilution causes the clear liquor to turn a translucent milky-white color; this is because anethole, the essential oil of anise, is soluble in alcohol but not in water. This results in an emulsion whose fine droplets scatter the light and turn the liquid translucent, a phenomenon known as louching. Arak is commonly served with mezza, which may include dozens of small traditional dishes. In general, arak drinkers prefer to consume it this way, rather than alone. It is also consumed with raw meat dishes (e.g. kibbeh nayyeh in Lebanon and çiğ köfte in Turkey) or barbecues, along with dishes flavored with toum (garlic sauce).\nOuzo Ouzo production begins with distillation in copper stills of 96% alcohol by volume (ABV) rectified spirit. Anise is added, sometimes with other flavorings such as star anise, fennel, mastic, cardamom, coriander, cloves, and cinnamon. The flavoring ingredients are often closely guarded company recipes, and distinguish one ouzo from another. The result is a flavored alcoholic solution known as flavored ethyl alcohol, or more commonly as ouzo yeast—μαγιά ούζου in Greek—the term for yeast being used by Greeks metaphorically to denote that it serves as the starting point for ouzo production.\nOuzo Ouzo is usually mixed with water, becoming cloudy white, sometimes with a faint blue tinge, and served with ice cubes in a small glass. Ouzo can also be drunk straight from a shot glass.\nOuzo Ouzo is not used in many mainstream cocktail drinks, although in Cyprus it does form the basis of a cocktail called an Ouzini.\nEmulsion Sometimes the inner phase itself can act as an emulsifier, and the result is a nanoemulsion, where the inner state disperses into nano-size droplets within the outer phase. A well-known example of this phenomenon, the ouzo effect, happens when water is poured into a strong alcoholic anise-based beverage, such as ouzo, pastis, absinthe, arak, or raki. The anisolic compounds, which are soluble in ethanol, then form nano-size droplets and emulsify within the water. The resulting color of the drink is opaque and milky white.\n\n\nWhat is the Turkish drink that tastes similar to", "role": "user" }, { "content": "Rakı is a drink from Turkey that has similar flavour with Ouzo.", "role": "assistant" } ]

[ { "content": "Shenandoah National Park Shenandoah National Park offers of backcountry and wilderness camping. While in the backcountry, campers must use a Leave No Trace policy that includes burying excrement and not building campfires.\nShenandoah National Park Shenandoah National Park (often ) is an American national park that encompasses part of the Blue Ridge Mountains in the Commonwealth of Virginia. The park is long and narrow, with the Shenandoah River and its broad valley to the west, and the rolling hills of the Virginia Piedmont to the east. Skyline Drive is the main park road, generally traversing along the ridgeline of the mountains. Almost 40% of the park's land——has been designated as wilderness areas and is protected as part of the National Wilderness Preservation System. The highest peak is Hawksbill Mountain at .\nShenandoah National Park Shenandoah National Park lies along the Blue Ridge Mountains in north-central Virginia. These mountains form a distinct highland rising to elevations above . Local topographic relief between the Blue Ridge Mountains and Shenandoah Valley exceeds at some locations. The crest of the range divides the Shenandoah River drainage basin, part of the Potomac River drainage, on the west side, from the James and Rappahannock River drainage basins on the east side.\nShenandoah National Park According to the Köppen climate classification system, Shenandoah National Park has a humid continental climate with warm summers and no dry season (Dfb). According to the United States Department of Agriculture, the plant hardiness zone at Big Meadows Visitor Center (3514 ft / 1071 m) is 6a with an average annual extreme minimum temperature of -7.1 °F (-21.7 °C).\nShenandoah National Park Shenandoah National Park was finally established on December 26, 1935, and soon construction began on the Blue Ridge Parkway that Byrd wanted. President Franklin Delano Roosevelt formally opened Shenandoah National Park on July 3, 1936. Eventually, about 40 people (on the Ickes list) were allowed to live out their lives on land that became the park. One of them was George Freeman Pollock, whose residence Killahevlin was later listed on the National Register, and whose Skyland Resort reopened under a concessionaire in 1937. Carson also donated significant land; a mountain in the park is now named in his honor and signs acknowledge his contributions. The last grandmother resident was Annie Lee Bradley Shenk. NPS employees had watched and cared for her since 1950; she died in 1979 at age 92. Most others left quietly. 85-year-old Hezekiah Lam explained, I ain't so crazy about leavin' these hills but I never believed in bein' ag'in (against) the Government. I signed everythin' they asked me.\nSwannanoa (mansion) Rockfish Gap is the southern end of the Skyline Drive through the Shenandoah National Park and the northern terminus of the Blue Ridge Parkway.\nGeorge Washington and Jefferson National Forests The forests are popular hiking, mountain biking, and hunting destinations. The Appalachian Trail extends for 330 miles (530 km) from the southern end of Shenandoah National Park through the forest and along the Blue Ridge Parkway. The forest is within a two-hour drive for over ten million people and thus receives large numbers of visitors, especially in the region closest to Shenandoah National Park.\nEnvironment of Virginia Virginia has 30 National Park Service units, such as Great Falls Park and the Appalachian Trail, and one national park, the Shenandoah National Park. Shenandoah was established in 1935. Almost 40% of the park's area (79,579 acres/322 km) has been designated as wilderness under the National Wilderness Preservation System. Parkways, such as the George Washington Memorial Parkway and the Blue Ridge Parkway, which encompasses the scenic Skyline Drive, are among the most visited national park service sites nationwide.\nShenandoah National Park Legislation to create a national park in the Appalachian mountains was first introduced by freshman Virginia congressman Henry D. Flood in 1901, but despite the support of President Theodore Roosevelt, failed to pass. The first national park was Yellowstone, in Wyoming, Montana, and Idaho. It was signed into law in 1872. Yosemite National Park was created in 1890. When Congress created the National Park Service (NPS) in 1916, additional parks had maintained the western pattern (Crater Lake in 1902, Wind Cave in 1903, Mesa Verde in 1906, then Denali in 1917). Grand Canyon, Zion and Acadia were all created in 1919 during the administration of Virginia-born president Woodrow Wilson. Acadia finally broke the western mold, becoming the first eastern national park. It was also based on donations from wealthy private landowners. Stephen Mather, the first NPS director, saw a need for a national park in the southern states, and solicited proposals in his 1923 year-end report. In May 1925, Congress and President Calvin Coolidge authorized the NPS to acquire a minimum of and a maximum of to form Shenandoah National Park, and also authorized creation of Great Smoky Mountains National Park. However, the legislation also required that no federal funds would be used to acquire the land. Thus, Virginia needed to raise private funds, and could also authorize state funds and use its eminent domain (condemnation) power to acquire the land to create Shenandoah National Park.\nMary's Rock Mary's Rock, also known as Marys Rock, is a 3,514-foot (1,071 m) tall mountain in Shenandoah National Park, Virginia, United States. The peak is just south of the Thornton Gap Entrance of the park, and north of the taller Pinnacle. Mary's Rock is the eighth highest peak in Shenandoah National Park.\n\n\nHow many campgrounds does Shenandoah National Park have?", "role": "user" }, { "content": "Shenandoah National Park has five different campgrounds evenly dispersed throughout the park: Mathews Arm, Big Meadows, Lewis Mountain, Loft Mountain, and Dundo Group Campground. Mathews Arm is located in the northern section of the park. Big Meadows Campground is in the central portion of the park and is the most popular one. Lewis Mountain is similarly in the central part of the park, but is smaller, offering more privacy to people. Loft Mountain is the largest campground and is in the southern part of the park. Dundo Group Campground is also small and to the south, but only has group sites and the camp sits on the Appalachian Trail. The campsites offer different amenities such as food storage lockers and trash/recycling collection.", "role": "assistant" } ]

[ { "content": "Aleksandr Kaleri On 8 July 1992, at 12:38 UTC Kaleri started his first career spacewalk. During the spacewalk, he and cosmonaut Aleksandr Viktorenko inspected some of Mir's gyrodynes. The spacewalk lasted 2 hours and 3 minutes.\nPavel Vinogradov On 22 August 1997 Vinogradov completed his first career spacewalk. He and fellow cosmonaut Anatoly Solovyov began their spacewalk at 11:14 UTC. During the excursion the two spacewalkers, connect power cables, inspected damage on the Spektr module and retrieved equipment. The spacewalk lasted 3 hours and 16 minutes.\nNan Bangs McKinnell Nan and Jim spent much of their married life traveling and creating together. The two are remembered as artistic partners with most of their work having been made collaboratively. The two traveled across America and the world, working at colleges and artist's colonies while developing their craft. In 1953, Nan and James attended a ceramics workshop at the Archie Bray Foundation and decided to stay and work there for several years. It was at the Bray where Nan began developing glazes. Nan's deep copper glaze is still widely used today. Her glaze-making also opened up an appreciation for the decorative side of ceramics. As Nan and Jim began working more collaboratively, Nan's decorative eye came out more. In their process, often one would throw a piece on the wheel and the other would decorate it, combining their two separate artistic eyes and influences. Nan was drawn to natural shapes and forms, drawing on flowers, leaves, insects, and other animals.\nYuri Usachov On June 8, 2001, Usachov performed his seventh career spacewalk. He and NASA astronaut James Voss donned spacesuits entered the small, spherical transfer compartment at the forward end of the Zvezda Service Module during an internal spacewalk. The spacewalk at the ISS was the first without the presence of a shuttle. Just after the ISS flew over the dark side of the Earth, they removed a hatch at the Earth-facing part of the compartment to open it to the vacuum of space and officially begin the spacewalk at 9:21 a.m CDT. During the 19-minute spacewalk which ended at 9:40 a.m. CDT, Usachov and Voss moved a docking cone from storage and using a rotating handle, installed it in the lower port hatch. The installation of the docking cone was necessary to prepare for the arrival of the Russian docking compartment.\nPong Nan Nan Yik-Pong, better known by his stage name Pong Nan (; born 15 May 1978), is a Cantopop musician, singer-songwriter and actor in Hong Kong of Hakka ancestry.\nFyodor Yurchikhin On 23 July 2007, Yurchikhin participated in his third spacewalk along with NASA astronaut Clayton Anderson. He emerged from the U.S. Quest airlock at 10:24 UTC, to officially begin the spacewalk. During the spacewalk, Yurchikhin and Anderson removed and jettisoned the Early Ammonia Servicer (EAS), installed a television camera stanchion, reconfigured a power supply for an antenna assembly, and performed several get-ahead tasks. The spacewalk lasted seven hours and 41 minutes.\nYury Onufriyenko Onufrienko performed his first career spacewalk on 15 March 1996. He and cosmonaut Usachov started the spacewalk at 01:04 UTC. They installed the second Strela boom and prepared for Mir Cooperative Solar Array (MCSA) installation. The spacewalk lasted 5 hours and 51 minutes.\nYuri Usachov On 15 March 1996, Usachov performed his first career spacewalk. He and cosmonaut Onufriyenko started the spacewalk at 01:04 UTC. They installed the second Strela boom and prepared for Mir Cooperative Solar Array (MCSA) installation. The spacewalk lasted 5 hours and 51 minutes.\nTim Peake Peake supported a spacewalk by two American astronauts on 21 December 2015. He participated in the first spacewalk outside the ISS by a British astronaut on 15 January 2016. The purpose of the spacewalk was to replace a faulty sequential shunt unit on the station's solar arrays. At the end of the spacewalk, Peake held a parade thereby becoming the first astronaut to parade in space.\nShenzhou 13 On 7 November 2021, the first planned spacewalk was carried out by Zhai Zhigang and Wang Yaping as they left the Tianhe core module to conduct extravehicular activities. Wang made history by becoming the first Chinese woman to carry out a spacewalk. They were tasked with conducting the installation of the robotic arm suspension and the adapter and also to do typical tests of equipment. The spacewalk lasted for 6 hours and 25 minutes.\n\n\nWho was the first women to do the spacewalk?", "role": "user" }, { "content": "Svetlana Savitskaya in the year 1984", "role": "assistant" } ]

[ { "content": "Quest for Ratings Stan, Cartman, Kyle, Butters, Jimmy and Token are taping Super School News, a newscast airing on South Park Elementary's closed-circuit television system. Cartman and Jimmy play the leading roles as head anchors, Butters is the entertainment and celebrity reporter, Stan is a field reporter, Token is the meteorologist, and Kyle does sports. However, after their news program airs, their teacher Mr. Meryl tells them that they did horribly in the ratings, trailing far behind Craig's home video show, Animals Close-Up With a Wide-Angle Lens, which they consider pointless and banal. (The footage is accompanied by the tune Yakety Sax.)\nSouth Park (season 13) The thirteenth season of South Park, an American animated television comedy series, originally aired in the United States on Comedy Central between March 11 and November 18, 2009. The season was headed by the series creators Trey Parker and Matt Stone, who served as executive producers along with Anne Garefino. The season continued to focus on the exploits of protagonists Stan, Kyle, Cartman, Kenny and Butters in the fictional Colorado mountain town of South Park.\nSouth Park (season 14) The fourteenth season of the American animated television series South Park began airing in the United States on Comedy Central between March 17, 2010, and November 17, 2010. The season was headed by the series creators Trey Parker and Matt Stone, who served as executive producers along with Anne Garefino. The season continued to focus on the exploits of protagonists Stan, Kyle, Cartman, Kenny, and Butters in the fictional Colorado mountain town of South Park.\nButters Stotch Leopold Butters Stotch is a fictional character in the adult animated television series South Park. He is voiced by series co-creator Matt Stone and loosely based on co-producer Eric Stough. He is a student at South Park Elementary School.\nRandy and Sharon Marsh For most of season 23, Randy was officially the protagonist of South Park as the show focused on his work at the Tegridy Farms instead of the town of South Park and its elementary school. The four original main characters Stan Marsh, Kyle Broflovski, Eric Cartman, and Kenny McCormick have become supporting characters. Randy is also responsible for the ongoing COVID-19 pandemic after Mickey Mouse encouraged him to have sexual intercourse with a bat and a pangolin while he was sick during his trip in China (Band in China).\nAbsent Kid Brothers Martin and Richard Williams and bassist Mark Butters grew up in the small coastal town of West Mersea. The name Absent Kid was inspired by a character in the cartoon South Park.\nRandy and Sharon Marsh Randy Marsh and Sharon Marsh (née Kimble) are fictional characters in the animated television series South Park. They are the most prominent set of parents on the show and a middle-class married couple who raise their 10-year-old son Stan and 13-year-old daughter Shelley in the fictional town of South Park, Colorado. Their first names are derived from the first names of series co-creator Trey Parker's parents, and Parker describes Randy as the biggest dingbat in the entire show. According to the season 16 episode Reverse Cowgirl, the Marsh home address was 260 Avenue de los Mexicanos until their move to a farm.\nSouth Park: Post Covid Forty years into the future, the COVID-19 pandemic is waning. Stan Marsh has moved away from South Park, Colorado. He is employed as an online whiskey consultant and lives with a sentient, nagging Amazon Alexa. Stan receives a call from Kyle Broflovski, now the guidance counselor at South Park Elementary, who informs him that Kenny McCormick has died.\nSouth Park (pinball) In total, there are five character-related missions which the individual player must complete. The main goal in South Park is to complete the Stan, Kyle, Cartman, Kenny, and Chef mode in order to unlock the secret wizard modes. In order to start a character mode, the player must hit each individual character's slot (or shot) a certain number of times. After a successful completion, the number of shots it takes to activate the next character mode will increase, making it more difficult to activate. Character modes can be replayed regardless of completion.\nSouth Park (season 3) The third season of South Park, an American animated television comedy series, originally aired in the United States on Comedy Central between April 7, 1999, and January 12, 2000. The season was headed by the series creators Trey Parker and Matt Stone, who served as executive producers along with Anne Garefino. The season continued to focus on the exploits of protagonists Stan, Kyle, Cartman, and Kenny in the fictional Colorado mountain town of South Park.\n\n\nTell me whether each South Park character is a kid or adult: Randy, Stan, Kyle, Butters, Sharon", "role": "user" }, { "content": "Randy: Adult\nStan: Kid\nKyle: Kid\nButters: Kid\nSharon: Adult", "role": "assistant" } ]

[ { "content": "Kiwi (bird) A number of other mainland conservation islands and fenced sanctuaries have significant populations of kiwi, including:\nHaast tokoeka The Haast tokoeka or Haast kiwi (Apteryx australis 'Haast') is a putative subspecies of the southern brown kiwi. It is one of the rarest kiwi in New Zealand. Like other kiwi, this bird is flightless.\nKiwi (bird) The kiwi is recognised as an icon of New Zealand, and the association is so strong that the term Kiwi is used internationally as the colloquial demonym for New Zealanders.\nKiwi (bird) Unlike virtually every other palaeognath, which are generally small-brained by bird standards, kiwi have proportionally large encephalisation quotients. Hemisphere proportions are even similar to those of parrots and songbirds, though there is no evidence of similarly complex behaviour.\nKiwi (bird) Sanctuaries for kiwi are also referred to as 'kōhanga sites' from the Māori word for 'nest' or 'nursery'.\nKiwi (bird) North island brown kiwi were introduced to the Cape Sanctuary in Hawke's Bay between 2008 and 2011, which in turn provided captive-raised chicks that were released back into Maungataniwha Native Forest.\nKiwi (bird) Although it was long presumed that the kiwi was closely related to the other New Zealand ratites, the moa, recent DNA studies have identified its closest relative as the extinct elephant bird of Madagascar, and among extant ratites, the kiwi is more closely related to the emu and the cassowaries than to the moa.\nKiwi (bird) Kiwi eggs are one of the largest in proportion to body size (up to 20% of the female's weight) of any order of bird in the world. Other unique adaptations of kiwi, such as their hairlike feathers, short and stout legs, and using their nostrils at the end of their long beak to detect prey before they see it, have helped the bird to become internationally well-known.\nKiwi (bird) The five extant species fall into the family Apterygidae () and genus Apteryx (). Approximately the size of a domestic chicken, kiwi are by far the smallest living ratites (which also include ostriches, emus, rheas and cassowaries).\nKiwi (bird) The Māori language word is generally accepted to be of imitative origin from the call. However, some linguists derive the word from Proto-Nuclear Polynesian , which refers to Numenius tahitiensis, the bristle-thighed curlew, a migratory bird that winters in the tropical Pacific islands. With its long decurved bill and brown body, the curlew resembles the kiwi. So when the first Polynesian settlers arrived, they may have applied the word kiwi to the new-found bird. The word is usually uncapitalised when used for the birds. The plural is either the anglicised kiwis or, consistent with the Māori language, appearing as kiwi without an ‐s.\n\n\nWhat is the kiwi bird?", "role": "user" }, { "content": "The kiwi is a flightless bird with the scientific name Apteryx, meaning flightless big bird. It has relatives with the ostrich, the largest bird. The diet of the kiwi bird consists of woodlice, millipedes, centipedes, slugs, snails, spiders, insects, seeds, berries, and plant material. The Kiwi is a solitary animal that makes holes as hiding places for sleeping with its feet. The kiwi was created with a small, thin beak to get into crevices. This animal is almost extinct, and is important to the native ecosystem; the kiwi keeps the bug population down and is hunted by natural predators. New Zealand protects its most prized bird, for it is the only flightless bird in that ecosystem and a national symbol. The way we can protect and help the kiwi thrive is by donating to organizations like Save the Kiwi.", "role": "assistant" } ]

[ { "content": "Paytm Payments Bank In March 2021, the bank received approval for its @Paytm UPI handle from the Securities and Exchange Board of India for issuing payment mandates for initial public offerings (IPOs) through the Unified Payments Interface (UPI).\nUnified Payments Interface Unified Payments Interface (UPI) is an instant real-time payment system developed by National Payments Corporation of India (NPCI). The interface facilitates inter-bank peer-to-peer (P2P) and person-to-merchant (P2M) transactions. It is used on mobile devices to instantly transfer funds between two bank accounts. The mobile number on the device is required to be registered with the bank. The UPI ID of the recipient can be used to transfer money. It runs as an open source application programming interface (API) on top of Immediate Payment Service (IMPS), and is regulated by the Reserve Bank of India (RBI).\nBharatQR NPCI, Mastercard and Visa developed BharatQR with provisions for three additional fields: bank account and IFS (Indian Financial System) code, Unified Payments Interface (UPI) and Aadhaar. These additional fields provide banks the option to populate them as QR-based payments scale in the country. American Express is also on board to adopt these standards.\nPayment and settlement systems in India Reserve Bank of India Governor Raghuram Rajan launched the Unified Payments Interface (UPI) system as an attempt to boost digital money transfers. The interface has been developed by the National Payments Corporation of India (NPCI), the umbrella organisation for all retail payments in the country.\nFinancial technology in India India Stack: India Stack is a set of APIs that allows governments, businesses, startups, and developers to utilize a unique and common digital Infrastructure. These open API platforms include Aadhar, Unified Payments Interface (UPI), Bharat Bill payments, etc.\nPayment and settlement systems in India Unified Payments Interface (UPI) is an instant real-time payment system developed by National Payments Corporation of India facilitating inter-bank transactions. The interface is regulated by the Reserve Bank of India and works by instantly transferring funds between two bank accounts on a mobile platform.\nUnified Payments Interface During a meeting with Majid bin Abdullah Al Qasabi on 19 September 2022, Commerce and Industry Minister Piyush Goyal discussed on introducing UPI in the country. Operationalization of UPI is one of the priority area in bilateral Fintech collaboration.\nUnified Payments Interface During a bilateral virtual summit on 21 March 2022, India proposed early integration of UPI with Australian New Payment Platform to improve higher education access and tourism potential.\nUnified Payments Interface UPI is accepted at merchant locations to ease transaction experience of Indian tourists. The Reserve Bank of India (RBI) and Monetary Authority of Singapore (MAS) will operationalise interoperability between UPI and PayNow from July, 2022. Technical preparations on interoperability are complete as of November 2022. The system is now waiting for an official rollout. The same channel in future will help connect Indian and ASEAN economies.\nUnified Payments Interface With exponential growth of UPI, India became the world's largest real-time payment market with 25.50 billion (25.5 billion) annual transactions in 2020 per data from ACI Worldwide and GlobalData, ahead of China and United States.\n\n\nWhat is Unified Payments Interface (UPI) in India", "role": "user" }, { "content": "The Unified Payments Interface is a Peer to Peer payments system launched in India by the National Payments Corporation of India (NPCI) in 2016. NPCI set out with a mandate to change the face of India’s payment systems. It developed the Unified Payments Interface (UPI) as an architecture framework with a set of standard Application Programming Interface (API) specifications to facilitate online payments. The aim was to simplify and provide a single interface across all NPCI systems, thereby creating interoperability and a superior customer experience.\n\nUPI is now one of the most preferred payment solutions in India, with over a billion transactions every month. FY22, the total transaction value processed by the United Payments Interface (UPI) platform accounted for 86% of India’s GDP. UPI’s core function is to support easy and secure money transfers between bank accounts. It does this by adding multiple bank accounts into a single mobile application, allowing for seamless fund transfers and merchant payments from one place. It also enables ‘peer to peer’ and ‘peer to merchant’ collection requests, which can be scheduled and paid as requested.\n\nPayments can be made using a UPI ID, UPI Number, Account number, and an Indian Financial System Code (IFSC). Payment security is as per applicable Reserve Bank of India (RBI) guidelines using a 1-click 2-factor authentication where the second factor of authentication is the UPI PIN. \n\nUPI can be accessed on all major platforms such as Android and iOS with apps developed by members for versions of Android 4.2.2 and iOS 8.1 and above.\n\nThe primary business uses of UPI are to allow a personal mobile as the primary device for all payments, including person to person, person to entity, and entity to person. Using a personal mobile an individual can ‘Pay’ someone (push) as well as ‘Collect’ from\nsomeone (pull). In addition, the ability to pay and collect using ‘UPI IDs’ that are ‘aliases’ to the VPA. The goal is to make payments by providing an address without having to ever provide account details or credentials on third party applications or websites.\nAlso, sending ‘collect’ requests to others (person to person or entity to person) with a‘pay by’ date, which allows customers to pay at a later date without blocking the money in the account. UPI also allows for pre-authorizing multiple recurring payments (utilities, school fees, subscriptions, etc.) with a one-time secure authentication and rule-based access, similar to ECS. UPI autopay allows customers to set recurring payments for their UPI transactions. Recurring payments up to Indian Rupees 2000 can be set at the frequency desired.\n\nThis makes payments using UPI a fully interoperable system across all PSPs without having silos and closed systems with one-click two-factor authentication, using a personal\nphone, and without any acquiring devices or physical tokens.\n\nIn March 2023, Reserve Bank of India (RBI) and the Monetary Authority of Singapore (MAS) launched the linkage of UPI and Singapore’s PayNow. Remittances from Singapore to India were on track to breach the $100 billion mark in 2023, making it the fourth highest remitting nation to India, accounting for 5.7% of all inbound remittances. Integrating PayNow and UPI will likely reduce charges and the time taken for such transactions.", "role": "assistant" } ]

[ { "content": "The Spiral Staircase (1946 film) In 1964, a televised adaptation starring Elizabeth Montgomery and Lillian Gish was released. It was remade again in 1975 as The Spiral Staircase with Jacqueline Bisset, and again as a 2000 TV film The Spiral Staircase with Nicollette Sheridan.\nThe Spiral Staircase (1961 film) The Spiral Staircase is a 1961 American television film. It is a television adaptation of Ethel Lina White's novel Some Must Watch which was filmed in 1946 as The Spiral Staircase. It was directed by Boris Sagal.\nSpiral Staircase – Classic Songs Spiral Staircase – Classic Songs is a double CD compilation of tracks from Ralph McTell's early Transatlantic LPs Eight Frames a Second, Spiral Staircase, My Side of Your Window and Revisited. It was released in 1997.\nThe Spiral Staircase: My Climb Out Of Darkness The Spiral Staircase: My Climb Out Of Darkness (2005) is an autobiography by Karen Armstrong, a religious scholar and founder of the Charter for Compassion.\nThe Spiral Staircase (2000 film) The Spiral Staircase is a 2000 television film remake of the 1946 film The Spiral Staircase based on Ethel Lina White's 1933 novel Some Must Watch. The film was directed by James Head with a screenplay by Matt Dorff, and stars Nicollette Sheridan, Judd Nelson, Alex McArthur, Debbe Dunning and Holland Taylor.\nThe Spiral Staircase (1946 film) The Spiral Staircase was adapted as a half-hour radio play on the November 25, 1949, broadcast of Screen Director's Playhouse, starring Dorothy McGuire in her original role.\nThe Spiral Staircase (1961 film) It was part of a series on NBC called Theatre '62. Spiral Staircase was to be the first of eight productions of David O. Selznick movies. Eventually the lead role went to Elizabeth Montgomery and her then-husband Gig Young.\nBrowne's Folly (tower) The tower is made of coursed rubble stone, has a square plan and tapers as it rises. Inside, there is a spiral staircase in some degree of disrepair and with no handrail. The upper stage has round-arched openings but the balustraded handrails are missing the entire way up the staircase.\nNinu's Cave The cave is entered by a 4m descent down a spiral staircase, which ends in a large chamber of approximately 20m by 8m. Ninu's Cave is illuminated by electric lights, and is open to the public all year round.\nSpiral Staircase (Ralph McTell album) Spiral Staircase is British folk musician Ralph McTell's second album. Produced by Gus Dudgeon and released in the UK in 1969, its opening track, Streets of London, has become McTell's signature tune. Rizraklaru is an anagram of Rural Karzi. The sleeve design was by Peter Thaine, a friend of McTell from Croydon Art College.\n\n\nWhat is a spiral staircase?", "role": "user" }, { "content": "A spiral staircase is a set of stairs that circles around a central pole and allows for a steeper ascent than other stair designs.", "role": "assistant" } ]

[ { "content": "Kesivan Naidoo Other musicians who have influenced his compositions include Wayne Shorter, Miles Davis and John Coltrane.\nCarlos Martins (musician) His saxophone sound indicates references to American jazz musicians such as John Coltrane or Sonny Rollins, and European jazz musicians including Jan Garbarek, but his music is deeply rooted in the Mediterranean and lusophone music culture.\nJazz (miniseries) The documentary focused on a number of major musicians: Louis Armstrong and Duke Ellington are the central figures, providing the narrative thread around which the stories of other major figures turn, among them Sidney Bechet, Count Basie, Benny Goodman, Billie Holiday, Charlie Parker, Miles Davis and John Coltrane.\nMark Wingfield As a guitarist, Wingfield cites jazz influences such as John Coltrane, Miles Davis, Keith Jarrett and Jan Garbarek, as well as rock players such as Jimi Hendrix.\nKSDS They play music from artists like John Coltrane, Miles Davis, Dizzy Gillespie, Duke Ellington, Ella Fitzgerald, and Jelly Roll Morton to Rob McConnell, Bobby Watson, Herbie Hancock, and Wynton Marsalis.\nFree jazz Tanner, Gerow and Megill name Miles Davis, Cecil Taylor, John Klemmer, Keith Jarrett, Chick Corea, Pharoah Sanders, McCoy Tyner, Alice Coltrane, Wayne Shorter, Anthony Braxton, Don Cherry, and Sun Ra as musicians who have employed this approach.\nJazz (miniseries) Swing musicians Louis Armstrong and Duke Ellington are the central figures. Several episodes discussed the later contributions of Charlie Parker and Dizzy Gillespie to bebop, and of Miles Davis, Ornette Coleman, and John Coltrane to free and cool jazz. Of this 10-part documentary surveying jazz in the years from 1917 to 2001, all but the last episode are devoted to music pre-1961. The series was produced by Florentine Films in cooperation with the BBC and in association with WETA-TV, Washington.\nNorth Carolina North Carolina boasts a large number of noteworthy jazz musicians, some among the most important in the history of the genre. These include: John Coltrane, (Hamlet, High Point); Thelonious Monk (Rocky Mount); Billy Taylor (Greenville); Woody Shaw (Laurinburg); Lou Donaldson (Durham); Max Roach (Newland); Tal Farlow (Greensboro); Albert, Jimmy and Percy Heath (Wilmington); Nina Simone (Tryon); and Billy Strayhorn (Hillsborough).\nColtrane Jazz Coltrane Jazz is the sixth studio album by jazz musician John Coltrane. It was released in early 1961 on Atlantic Records. Featuring Coltrane alongside his former Miles Davis bandmates- pianist Wynton Kelly, bassist Paul Chambers and drummer Jimmy Cobb- with the exception of Village Blues, a landmark recording in Coltrane’s career as it marks the first session of the classic John Coltrane Quartet with pianist McCoy Tyner, bassist Steve Davis and drummer Elvin Jones.\nMainstream jazz The jazz musicians listed below were either considered mainstream musicians, or were influenced by mainstream musicians.\n\n\nMiles Davis, Rhianna, Elton John, John Coltrane, Taylor Swift, Amy Winehouse, Elvis, Billy Holiday. These are all musicians - list which of these are jazz musicians, and which are not.", "role": "user" }, { "content": "Miles Davis, John Coltrane, Amy Winehouse and Billy Holiday are considered to be jazz musicians. Rhianna, Taylor Swift, Elvis and Elton John are not jazz musicians.", "role": "assistant" } ]

[ { "content": "Robina Suwol https://en.wikinews.org/wiki/Mothers,_teachers_concerned_about_leukemia_deaths_at_California_elementary_school\nKrishna Mishra 15 https://www.amarujala.com/madhya-pradesh/india-independence-day-was-celebrated-with-pomp-in-america\nFloydFest updated FAQs can be found by visiting https://floydfest.com/floydfest-faqs/. Click to https://aftontickets.com/floydfest23\nYana Gorskaya 11. https://www.usatoday.com/story/entertainment/tv/2021/12/20/best-tv-shows-of-2021-ted-lasso-squid-game/6196093001/\nPaul Cardwell 2017-2019 Head of Communications at Brand Union, London, which became Superunion (https://www.superunion.com/). The launch of the new LEVEL airline (https://www.flylevel.com/) was chosen as No5 in best airline designs of all time (https://www.creativebloq.com/inspiration/6-best-airline-logos-of-all-time-and-why-they-work) and awarded a pencil at D&AD (https://www.superunion.com/news/five-dad-pencils-wins/)\nBaratza 2. https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/reviews/baratza-encore-burr-coffee-grinder-review/?ds_c=71700000087595749&gbraid=0AAAAADwd30ijcnK-uKVjwHZeoy3a1NYnl&gbraid=0AAAAADwd30ijcnK-uKVjwHZeoy3a1NYnl&gclid=Cj0KCQjwlemWBhDUARIsAFp1rLXncXz6koCCGgpqTUbDpwwDSm0Br_nrhfXiVj7TAo29Qu6Q6lkEmqkaApgKEALw_wcB&gclsrc=aw.ds\nBoonsboro High School https://www.heraldmailmedia.com/story/news/2018/05/25/boonsboro-high-team-headed-to-national-quiz-bowl-competition-in-atlanta/116549454/\nBoonsboro High School https://www.heraldmailmedia.com/story/news/2019/02/23/boonsboro-high-school-finishes-first-in-academic-team-competitio/44359901/\nEunisell 2) https://web.archive.org/web/20150819110246/http://www.punchng.com/business/energy/eunisell-to-drive-marginal-fields-development/\nTransparent (band) https://archive.today/20130217013934/http://dullko.wordpress.com/2012/11/26/lectureart-gallery-3-transparent-music-video/\n\n\nExtract the criticisms that modern portfolio theory faces from this link https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Modern_portfolio_theory, place them in a bullet list", "role": "user" }, { "content": "- The risk, return, and correlation measures used by Modern portfolio theory (MPT) are based on expected values, such expected values fail to take account of new circumstances that did not exist when the historical data were generated\n- The risk measurements used in MPT are probabilistic because MPT models risk in terms of the likelihood of losses based on past market data and not why the losses occur.\n- MPT attempts to minimize risks in the form of variance. However, this metric doesn’t reflect investors’ true concerns in practice. Variance is symmetric, so it punishes high returns the same way as high losses. However, investors care more about loss than gain, so the perception of risk is asymmetric in nature. Coherent risk measures should be a better metric that reflects investors’ preference\n- MPT assumes that returns follow Gaussian distribution. However, many scholars suggest that returns might follow other distributions such as stable distributions\n- MPT relies on the efficient-market hypothesis and assumes that share price fluctuation is a risk measure. However, building a portfolio based on historical volatility is a questionable premise criticized by Sir John Templeton", "role": "assistant" } ]

[ { "content": "10 Things I Hate About You (song) 10 Things I Hate About You is a pop-punk song. Although the song shares the same name as a 1999 film, Kate revealed in an interview with iHeartRadio that the movie did not serve as the inspiration for it. She was trying to move on from a past relationship which resulted in her making a list of things she disliked about the ex-boyfriend from that relationship. Kate told Rolling Stone that the list contained 50 reasons why [she] shouldn't miss him and why [she] should hate him and that it very quickly turned into a song.\nFoutaises Foutaises (English title: Things I Like, Things I Hate) is a 1989 French short film directed by Jean-Pierre Jeunet.\n10 Things I Hate About You (song) 10 Things I Hate About You is a song by American singer Leah Kate from her third extended play, Alive and Unwell (2022). It was released independently on March 23, 2022. The track was written by Kate, Mike Wise and Madi Yanofski, with Wise handling the production. A pop-punk song, Kate wrote a list of things she disliked about an ex-boyfriend from a previous relationship she was trying to get over which later turned into a song. It went viral on the online video platform TikTok.\nBrainstorming In the laboratory, directed brainstorming has been found to almost triple the productivity of groups over electronic brainstorming.\nWheedle There were also two other children's book featuring the Wheedle, entitled How to plant a Bunch of Stuff and How to Cook a Bunch of Stuff. The cookbook for kids features a pictorial; essay of the Wheedle demonstrating how to cook a bunch of stuff and to appreciate what their mothers do in the kitchen. The cookbook was by Stephen Cosgrove with recipes by Nancy Roberts. The garden book was by Stephen Cosgrove with planting tips by Ed Hume.\nThe Album About Nothing In September 2014, Wale spoke about how Seinfeld inspired the album, saying: I was a big fan of Larry David and Jerry Seinfeld. I watched the show a lot. So I did a Mixtape About Nothing in 2007. I just poked a lot of fun at society and the industry ‘cause what was hot at the time was ‘snap your fingers’ and all that. So I had an interesting perspective on the industry. Basically I just ran with that, I did a Mixtape About Nothing and I used a lot of dialogue from Seinfeld. And then, 2010, you know, by this point I’m signed to Interscope and I have a different perspective on things and I did the More About Nothing mixtape. I used more dialogue from Seinfeld. Now, we’re here in 2014, I’m using a lot of personal things and things that are going on in my life now as well as exclusive content from Jerry Seinfeld and a little bit of the show.\nBrainstorming Brainstorming is a group creativity technique by which efforts are made to find a conclusion for a specific problem by gathering a list of ideas spontaneously contributed by its members.\nMy List My List is a song about a man who has a list of things to do each day. He does what needs to be done each day, putting off what he really would like to do — spend time with his family. Eventually, he changes his mind and decides to put his family first, stating “Start livin', that's the next thing on [his] list.\nSimplicial complex A pure or homogeneous simplicial k-complex formula_1 is a simplicial complex where every simplex of dimension less than k is a face of some simplex formula_10 of dimension exactly k. Informally, a pure 1-complex looks like it's made of a bunch of lines, a 2-complex looks like it's made of a bunch of triangles, etc. An example of a non-homogeneous complex is a triangle with a line segment attached to one of its vertices. Pure simplicial complexes can be thought of as triangulations and provide a definition of polytopes.\nBrainstorming Individual brainstorming is the use of brainstorming in solitary situations. It typically includes such techniques as free writing, free speaking, word association, and drawing a mind map, which is a visual note taking technique in which people diagram their thoughts. Individual brainstorming is a useful method in creative writing and has been shown to be superior to traditional group brainstorming.\n\n\nGive me a list of things I can do with a bunch of extra money.", "role": "user" }, { "content": "Here's what you can do with extra money:\n\nInvest in the stock market. For example, the average annualized return of the S&P 500 from 1928 through 2021 is 11.82%.\n\nInvest in yourself by purchasing classes. You can also explore new hobbies for your enjoyment. Some examples are skiing, painting, or playing guitar. \n\nTravel around the world to gain new experiences and experience new cultures.\n\nInvest in the real estate market.", "role": "assistant" } ]

[ { "content": "Human Technology Human Technology is listed in the Directory of Open Access Journals (Lund University Libraries), and is cited and/or abstracted in various databases, including: Scopus, PsycINFO (American Psychological Association), Ebsco and ProQuest.\nAgora Center The Research in the Agora Center is mainly based on Human Technology. Human Technology refers to the human-centred approach to technological systems and methods that takes into account human needs and requirements as well as its implications for humans.\nHuman Technology Human Technology is an open-access peer-reviewed academic journal focusing on the interaction between people and technology. As of September 2021, the journal is published by the Centre of Sociological Research in Szczecin, Poland. Previously, the journal was co-published by the Agora Center and the University of Jyväskylä (2005-2016), and then by the Open Science Centre and the University of Jyväskylä (2017-2021). Initially, the journal published biannually; it has been published three times a year since 2018.\nNan Bangs McKinnell Nan and Jim spent much of their married life traveling and creating together. The two are remembered as artistic partners with most of their work having been made collaboratively. The two traveled across America and the world, working at colleges and artist's colonies while developing their craft. In 1953, Nan and James attended a ceramics workshop at the Archie Bray Foundation and decided to stay and work there for several years. It was at the Bray where Nan began developing glazes. Nan's deep copper glaze is still widely used today. Her glaze-making also opened up an appreciation for the decorative side of ceramics. As Nan and Jim began working more collaboratively, Nan's decorative eye came out more. In their process, often one would throw a piece on the wheel and the other would decorate it, combining their two separate artistic eyes and influences. Nan was drawn to natural shapes and forms, drawing on flowers, leaves, insects, and other animals.\nPong Nan Nan Yik-Pong, better known by his stage name Pong Nan (; born 15 May 1978), is a Cantopop musician, singer-songwriter and actor in Hong Kong of Hakka ancestry.\nNan Bangs McKinnell In Seattle, Nan began working as a teacher once again, earning money to help support her family back in Nebraska. It wasn't long until Nan was applying for graduate school, and after a few years in Seattle, she was taking summer classes at the University of Washington where she started her art. While the men were away at war, Nan began teaching in an architectural drawing and design classes at the University. As she continued her own studies, Nan realized that painting and design were not her forte and took an introductory class in ceramic engineering and was drawn to clay as an artistic medium.\nNan Qi (artist) Nan is a contemporary Chinese ink painter depicting a variety of themes, ranging from the human form to landscapes and abstract concentric ink dots, using Chinese in and xuan rice paper. During his training as a Chinese ink painter, Nan specialised in classical landscapes inspired by Tang, Song, Yuan, Ming, and Qing dynasty artists. Early experimentation with different brush strokes and techniques, varying the dilution of ink and wash, resulted in the distinctive ink “dabs” produced in his early works. During the mid-to-late 1990s, Nan began designing and printing the catalogues for his own exhibitions, and was inspired by the dot matrices used in printing. This gave rise to a progression from ink “dabs” to more and more dot-like brush strokes, culminating in his development of his signature “halo dot” brush stroke in 2004. At this point, the themes and content of Nan’s work were becoming solidly contemporary and modern, moving away from landscapes. Over the next ten years, Nan developed a completely unique repertoire of brush strokes and ink painting techniques, including the “halo dot”, the “Nan Qi Way” for controlling ink flow into highly absorbent rice paper, and the “3D ink” technique, which allows him to create three-dimensional optical illusions by hand.\nSpace technology On December 24, 1968, the crew of Apollo 8, Frank Borman, James Lovell and William Anders, became the first human beings to enter lunar orbit and see the far side of the Moon in person. Humans first landed on the Moon on July 20, 1969. The first human to walk on the lunar surface was Neil Armstrong, commander of Apollo 11.\nSgùrr nan Clach Geala The most usual route of ascent approaches from the north starting at a parking spot on the A832 at grid reference and climbs the adjoining Munro of Meall a' Chrasgaidh before climbing Sgùrr nan Clach Geala. Most walkers will continue south from the summit to take in Sgùrr nan Each before returning to the starting point via the Allt Breabaig.\nNan'ao One Nan'ao One () is a , wide Chinese merchant ship that sank in the Sandianjin waters off the coast of Nan'ao Island, about 5.6 nautical miles from Swatow (Shantou), Guangdong, Ming China. Accidentally discovered by a group of local fishermen in May 2007, it is currently considered the first late Ming dynasty (1368–1644) ship ever found and probably the only one from the reign of the Wanli Emperor (1573–1620) that China has discovered to date. It was likely on the route from the port of Yuegang in Fujian to Manila, Spanish Philippines.\n\n\nWhich is considered the first human technology?", "role": "user" }, { "content": "Fire", "role": "assistant" } ]

[ { "content": "Russia In 1957, the Soviet Union launched the world's first artificial satellite, Sputnik 1, thus starting the Space Age. Russian cosmonaut Yuri Gagarin became the first human to orbit the Earth, aboard the Vostok 1 manned spacecraft on 12 April 1961. Following the ousting of Khrushchev in 1964, another period of collective rule ensued, until Leonid Brezhnev became the leader. The era of the 1970s and the early 1980s was later designated as the Era of Stagnation. The 1965 Kosygin reform aimed for partial decentralisation of the Soviet economy. In 1979, after a communist-led revolution in Afghanistan, Soviet forces invaded the country, ultimately starting the Soviet–Afghan War. In May 1988, the Soviets started to withdraw from Afghanistan, due to international opposition, persistent anti-Soviet guerrilla warfare, and a lack of support by Soviet citizens.\nRussia After World War II, parts of Eastern and Central Europe, including East Germany and eastern parts of Austria were occupied by Red Army according to the Potsdam Conference. Dependent communist governments were installed in the Eastern Bloc satellite states. After becoming the world's second nuclear power, the Soviet Union established the Warsaw Pact alliance, and entered into a struggle for global dominance, known as the Cold War, with the rivaling United States and NATO. After Stalin's death in 1953 and a short period of collective rule, the new leader Nikita Khrushchev denounced Stalin and launched the policy of de-Stalinization, releasing many political prisoners from the Gulag labor camps. The general easement of repressive policies became known later as the Khrushchev Thaw. At the same time, Cold War tensions reached its peak when the two rivals clashed over the deployment of the United States Jupiter missiles in Turkey and Soviet missiles in Cuba.\nSoviet Union The beginning of the Cold War saw the Eastern Bloc of the Soviet Union confront the Western Bloc of the United States, with the latter grouping becoming largely united in 1949 under NATO and the former grouping becoming largely united in 1955 under the Warsaw Pact. Following Stalin's death in 1953, a period known as de-Stalinization occurred under the leadership of Nikita Khrushchev. The Soviets took an early lead in the Space Race with the first artificial satellite, the first human spaceflight, and the first probe to land on another planet (Venus). In the 1970s, there was a brief détente in the Soviet Union's relationship with the United States, but tensions resumed following the Soviet invasion of Afghanistan in 1979. In the mid-1980s, the last Soviet leader, Mikhail Gorbachev, sought to reform the country through his policies of glasnost and perestroika. In 1989, during the closing stages of the Cold War, various countries of the Warsaw Pact overthrew their Marxist–Leninist regimes, which was accompanied by the outbreak of strong nationalist and separatist movements across the entire Soviet Union. In 1991, Gorbachev initiated a national referendum—boycotted by the Soviet republics of Lithuania, Latvia, Estonia, Armenia, Georgia, and Moldova—that resulted in the majority of participating citizens voting in favour of preserving the country as a renewed federation. In August 1991, hardline members of the Communist Party staged a coup d'état against Gorbachev; the attempt failed, with Boris Yeltsin playing a high-profile role in facing down the unrest, and the Communist Party was subsequently banned. All of the republics emerged from the dissolution of the Soviet Union as fully independent post-Soviet states.\nRussia From 1985 onwards, the last Soviet leader Mikhail Gorbachev, who sought to enact liberal reforms in the Soviet system, introduced the policies of glasnost (openness) and perestroika (restructuring) in an attempt to end the period of economic stagnation and to democratise the government. This, however, led to the rise of strong nationalist and separatist movements across the country. Prior to 1991, the Soviet economy was the world's second-largest, but during its final years, it went into a crisis.\nCold War (1953–1962) While the transition from the Truman to the Eisenhower presidencies was a mild transition in character (from conservative to moderate), the change in the Soviet Union was immense. With the death of Joseph Stalin (who led the Soviet Union from 1928 and through the Great Patriotic War) in 1953, Georgy Malenkov was named leader of the Soviet Union. This was short lived however, as Nikita Khrushchev soon undercut all of Malenkov's authority as First Secretary of the Communist Party of the Soviet Union and took control of the Soviet Union himself. Malenkov joined a failed coup against Khrushchev in 1957, after which he was sent to Kazakhstan.\nForeign relations of the Soviet Union In 1979, a socialist government took power in Afghanistan but was hard-pressed and requested military help from Moscow. The Soviet army intervened to support the socialists, but found itself in a major confrontation. The presidency of Ronald Reagan in the United States was fiercely anti-Soviet, and mobilized its allies to support the guerrilla war against the Soviets in Afghanistan. The goal was to create something akin to the Vietnam War which would drain Soviet forces and morale. When Mikhail Gorbachev became the leader of the Soviet Union in 1985, he sought to restructure the Soviet Union to resemble the Scandinavian model of western social democracy and thus create a private sector economy. He removed Soviet troops from Afghanistan and began a hands-off approach in the USSR's relations with its Eastern European allies. This was well received by the United States, but it led to the breakaway of the Eastern European satellites in 1989, and the final collapse and dissolution of the USSR in 1991. The new Russia, under Boris Yeltsin, was no longer communist.\nCold War Détente collapsed at the end of the decade with the beginning of the Soviet–Afghan War in 1979. The early 1980s was another period of elevated tension. The United States increased diplomatic, military, and economic pressures on the Soviet Union, at a time when it was already suffering from economic stagnation. In the mid-1980s, the new Soviet leader Mikhail Gorbachev introduced the liberalizing reforms of glasnost (openness, c. 1985) and perestroika (reorganization, 1987) and ended Soviet involvement in Afghanistan in 1989. Pressures for national sovereignty grew stronger in Eastern Europe, and Gorbachev refused to militarily support their governments any longer.\nHistory of democratic socialism During the 1980s, Soviet leader Mikhail Gorbachev intended to move the Soviet Union towards democratic socialism in the form of Nordic-style social democracy, calling it a socialist beacon for all mankind. Prior to its dissolution in 1991, the Soviet Union had the second largest economy in the world after the United States. After the dissolution of the Soviet Union, the economic integration of the Soviet republics was dissolved and industrial activity suffered a substantial decline. A lasting legacy of the Soviet Union remains physical infrastructure created during decades of policies geared towards the construction of heavy industry and widespread environmental destruction.\nRobert C. Tucker Gorbachev made glasnost, perestroika, and democratization the centerpieces of a revolutionary ideology, which sparked a divisive public debate about the political content and policy implications of these concepts. More revolutionary, in the late 1980s, Gorbachev discarded the Brezhnev doctrine, withdrawing Soviet troops from Afghanistan and allowing East European countries in the Soviet bloc to choose their own types of political system. And, most revolutionary, from late 1990 to late 1991, Gorbachev unintentionally and Boris Yeltsin intentionally spurred the disintegration of the Soviet Union, enabling the fifteen union republics to develop their own types of nation-state. Gorbachev at the time was the indirectly elected president of the Soviet Union, and Yeltsin was the directly elected president of the Russian Soviet Federative Socialist Republic, by far the largest and most important union republic. The rivalry between Gorbachev and Yeltsin unequivocally confirmed Tucker's contention that the personalities and mentalities of top Soviet leaders could clash viscerally and vindictively. Tucker had long insisted that intraparty conflict was a catalyst of change in both Soviet policymaking procedures and substantive policies. He observed in 1957: Probably the most important single failing of Soviet studies in the West has been a general tendency to take pretty much at face value the Communist pretension to a 'monolithic' system of politics. ... Not monolithic unity but the fiction of it prevails in Soviet politics. The ruling party has rarely if ever been the disciplined phalanx pictured by its image-makers, and Lenin's well-known Resolution on Party Unity of 1921 has largely been honored in the breach.\nNew generation warfare The Cold War was a period of geopolitical tension between the United States and the Soviet Union and their respective allies, the Western Bloc and the Eastern Bloc, which began following the end of World War II and lasted until the dissolution of the Soviet Union in 1991. A period of openness under the last Soviet leader Mikhail Gorbachev and the first post-Soviet one Boris Yeltsin ended with the 1999 accession to power of Vladimir Putin, who took a harder line and sought to reestablish Russia as a world power with a sphere of influence including the former Soviet republics.\n\n\nGiven this paragraph about the Cold War, why did the Soviets pull out of their war in Afghanistan?", "role": "user" }, { "content": "The Soviets withdrew from the Soviet-Afghan War beginning in May 1988 due to international opposition, persistent anti-Soviet guerrilla warfare, and a lack of support by Soviet citizens.", "role": "assistant" } ]

[ { "content": "Seattle SuperSonics In 2009, a group of Seattle filmmakers known as Seattle SuperSonics Historical Preservation Society produced a critically acclaimed documentary film titled Sonicsgate – Requiem For A Team, which describes the rise and demise of the Seattle SuperSonics franchise. The film focuses on the controversial aspects of the team's departure from Seattle; it won the 2010 Webby Award for Best Sports Film.\nSeattle SuperSonics Seattle SuperSonics played their home games at KeyArena (originally the Seattle Center Coliseum) for 33 of the franchise's 41 seasons in Seattle. In 1978, the team moved to the Kingdome, which they shared with Major League Baseball (MLB) team Seattle Mariners and National Football League (NFL) team Seattle Seahawks. SuperSonics returned to the Coliseum in 1985, and temporarily moved to Tacoma Dome for the 1994–95 season while the Coliseum was renovated and renamed KeyArena.\nSeattle SuperSonics After failing to persuade local governments to fund a $500-million arena complex in the Seattle suburb Renton, Bennett's group notified the NBA it intended to move the team to Oklahoma City and requested arbitration with the city of Seattle to be released from SuperSonics' lease of KeyArena.\nSeattle SuperSonics relocation to Oklahoma City The Seattle SuperSonics relocation to Oklahoma City was a successful effort by the ownership group of the Seattle SuperSonics to relocate the team from Seattle, Washington to Oklahoma City, Oklahoma. The team began play as the Oklahoma City Thunder in the 2008–09 NBA season, after becoming the third National Basketball Association (NBA) franchise to relocate in the 2000s.\n2006–07 Seattle SuperSonics season The 2006–07 Seattle SuperSonics season was the 40th season of the Seattle SuperSonics in the National Basketball Association (NBA). The team finished in 14th place in the Western Conference with a 31–51 record and couldn't reach the playoffs for a second consecutive season.\nSeattle SuperSonics The Seattle SuperSonics (commonly known as the Seattle Sonics) were an American professional basketball team based in Seattle. The SuperSonics competed in the National Basketball Association (NBA) as a member club of the league's Western Conference Pacific and Northwest divisions from 1967 until 2008. After the 2007–08 season ended, the team relocated to Oklahoma City, where they now play as Oklahoma City Thunder.\n1978–79 Seattle SuperSonics season This was Seattle's first professional sports championship since the Seattle Metropolitans victory in the Stanley Cup in 1917.\n1975–76 Seattle SuperSonics season The 1975–76 Seattle SuperSonics season was the 9th season of the Seattle SuperSonics in the National Basketball Association (NBA). The SuperSonics finished the season in second place in the Western Conference with a 43–39 record, the same as the previous year and reached the playoffs for a second consecutive season, where they lost to the Phoenix Suns in the Conference Semifinals in six games.\nSeattle Storm The Storm were the sister team of the Seattle SuperSonics of the NBA prior to February 28, 2008, when the team was sold to Force 10 Hoops LLC.\n1969–70 Seattle SuperSonics season The 1969–70 Seattle SuperSonics season was the 3rd season of the Seattle SuperSonics in the NBA. After the resignation of Al Bianchi, Lenny Wilkens took the role of player-coach and led the team to a 36–46 record, a six win improvement over their previous season and 3 games behind the Chicago Bulls, who got the last playoff spot in the Western Division. Wilkens led the league in assists with 9.1 apg.\n\n\nWhy did the Seattle Supersonics leave Seattle?", "role": "user" }, { "content": "In 2006 the owner of the team, Howard Schultz, sold the team Clay Bennett. Clay Bennett originally agreed to keep the team in Seattle, however, he then told the city that if a new arena was not built using public funds that he would move the team. Ultimately, public funding for the arena fell through and the team was moved to Oklahoma. The team is now known at the Oklahoma City Thunder. The relocation of the team was very controversial as local news organizations and fans believe that Clay Bennett's intention was to remove the team from Seattle and did not provide reasonable terms for a renovation of the basketball arena.", "role": "assistant" } ]

[ { "content": "Plumber's snake A plumber's snake or drain snake is a slender, flexible auger used to dislodge clogs in plumbing. The plumber's snake is often reserved for difficult clogs that cannot be loosened with a plunger. It is also sometimes called a toilet jack. A plumbers snake is often used by plumbers to clear a clogged drain pipe or sanitary sewer.\nKirtland's snake Common names for C. kirtlandii include: Cora Kennicott's snake, Kirtland's red snake, Kirtland's water snake, little red snake, Ohio Valley water snake, and spread head.\nReptilian snake eel The reptilian snake eel (Brachysomophis henshawi), also known as Henshaw's snake eel, the Hawaiian crocodile eel or the crocodile snake eel, is an eel in the family Ophichthidae (worm/snake eels). It was described by David Starr Jordan and John Otterbein Snyder in 1904.\nDunmall's snake The specific name, dunmalli, is in honor of William Bill Dunmall, who collected the type specimen.\nStasi Arbeitsgruppe des Ministers S The long-time head of the AGM/S was Stasi Major General Heinz Stocker, which is the reason for the letter S in the name of the organization. Others indiciate that the letter S means Special Tasks or Special Issues (Sonderfragen).\nHindu wedding In North Indian weddings, the bride and the groom say the following words after completing the seven steps:\nÚ (cuneiform) The following words use the syllabic šam as the first syllable in the word entries under š in the glossary.\nThai salads Examples of yam style salads are yam nuea yang with sliced grilled beef, yam khai dao with fried egg, yam tale with mixed seafood, yam mu yo with a pork sausage resembling liverwurst, or yam wunsen with glass noodles. Some yam salads can use only herbs, spices, and nuts as their main ingredient, such as yam takhrai met mamuang himaphan with sliced lemongrass and cashew nuts, or with stir-fried vegetables, such as water mimosa in yam phak krachet. Depending on the salad, anything from crispy fried onions, crunchy nuts, or seeds to toasted coconut flakes can also be added to the mix to enhance the flavours, colours and textures. Also, in many yam salads where the main ingredient is not meat, cooked minced pork can be added for extra savouriness, as often happens in yam wunsen (glass noodle salad). After one look at the menu of a khao tom kui (plain rice congee) restaurant, it is clear that nearly any ingredient that one can imagine can be used to make a yam style salad. To name a few: yam khai khem (salted duck eggs), yam kung chiang (dry Chinese sweet pork sausage), yam mu krop (Chinese crispy pork), and yam phak kat dong (Chinese pickled cabbage). These yam that are eaten with plain rice congee tend to remain more simple in their preparation, containing only the basic dressing of lime juice, raw onion or shallot, chillies, sugar, and fish sauce in addition to the main ingredient, with only some celery added where needed.\nPlumber's snake Hand augers are useful for clearing sink and bathtub drains. They are unsuitable for sending through flush toilets, because the wire might damage the bowl; also, flush toilets have relatively large drain pipes in which the narrow snake can become tangled. (A -inch cable, for example, should never be used in a drain with a calibre of more than two inches.)\nYam pepper soup Yam pepper soup is a Nigerian dish made using soft white puna yam. It is necessary for the yam to be soft.\n\n\nWhich of the following words starts with the letter S: Snake, Towel, Table, Shower, Yam, Butterfly, Apple", "role": "user" }, { "content": "Snake, Shower", "role": "assistant" } ]

[ { "content": "Gini coefficient The Gini coefficient measures the inequality among values of a frequency distribution, such as the levels of income. A Gini coefficient of 0 reflects perfect equality, where all income or wealth values are the same, while a Gini coefficient of 1 (or 100%) reflects maximal inequality among values. For example, if everyone has the same income, the Gini coefficient will be 0. In contrast, if for a large number of people only one person has all the income or consumption and all others have none, the Gini coefficient will be 1.\nGini coefficient The Gini coefficient was proposed by Corrado Gini as a measure of inequality of income or wealth. For OECD countries, in the late 20th century, considering the effect of taxes and transfer payments, the income Gini coefficient ranged between 0.24 and 0.49, with Slovenia being the lowest and Mexico the highest. African countries had the highest pre-tax Gini coefficients in 2008–2009, with South Africa having the world's highest, variously estimated to be 0.63 to 0.7, although this figure drops to 0.52 after social assistance is taken into account, and drops again to 0.47 after taxation. The global income Gini coefficient in 2005 has been estimated to be between 0.61 and 0.68 by various sources.\nGini coefficient In economics, the Gini coefficient ( ), also known as the Gini index or Gini ratio, is a measure of statistical dispersion intended to represent the income inequality or the wealth inequality within a nation or a social group. The Gini coefficient was developed by the statistician and sociologist Corrado Gini.\nGini coefficient The Gini coefficient is a relative measure. The Gini coefficient of a developing country can rise (due to increasing inequality of income) even when the number of people in absolute poverty decreases. This is because the Gini coefficient measures relative, not absolute, wealth. Changing income inequality, measured by Gini coefficients, can be due to structural changes in a society such as growing population (increased birth rates, aging populations, increased divorce rates, extended family households splitting into nuclear families, emigration, immigration) and income mobility. Gini coefficients are simple, and this simplicity can lead to oversights and can confuse the comparison of different populations; for example, while both Bangladesh (per capita income of $1,693) and the Netherlands (per capita income of $42,183) had an income Gini coefficient of 0.31 in 2010, the quality of life, economic opportunity and absolute income in these countries are very different, i.e. countries may have identical Gini coefficients, but differ greatly in wealth. Basic necessities may be available to all in a developed economy, while in an undeveloped economy with the same Gini coefficient, basic necessities may be unavailable to most or unequally available due to lower absolute wealth.\nTax policy and economic inequality in the United States The Gini Coefficient, a statistical measurement of the inequality present in a nation's income distribution developed by Italian statistician and sociologist Corrado Gini, for the United States has increased over the last few decades. The closer the Gini Coefficient is to one, the closer its income distribution is to absolute inequality. In 2007, the United Nations approximated the United States' Gini Coefficient at 41% while the CIA Factbook placed the coefficient at 45%. The United States' Gini Coefficient was below 40% in 1964 and slightly declined through the 1970s. However, around 1981, the Gini Coefficient began to increase and rose steadily through the 2000s.\nChina Household Finance Survey According to the CHFS data, in 2010 the household income Gini coefficient was 0.61. Urban China had a 0.58 Gini coefficient while rural China had a Gini coefficient of 0.61. In 2012, the household income Gini coefficient remained at 0.61, as the urban and rural areas had Gini coefficients of 0.59 and 0.58 in 2012, respectively.\nGini coefficient The Gini coefficient was developed by the Italian statistician Corrado Gini and published in his 1912 paper Variability and Mutability (). Building on the work of American economist Max Lorenz, Gini proposed that the difference between the hypothetical straight line depicting perfect equality, and the actual line depicting people's incomes, be used as a measure of inequality.\nGini coefficient Even when the total income of a population is the same, in certain situations two countries with different income distributions can have the same Gini index (e.g. cases when income Lorenz Curves cross). Table A illustrates one such situation. Both countries have a Gini coefficient of 0.2, but the average income distributions for household groups are different. As another example, in a population where the lowest 50% of individuals have no income, and the other 50% have equal income, the Gini coefficient is 0.5; whereas for another population where the lowest 75% of people have 25% of income and the top 25% have 75% of the income, the Gini index is also 0.5. Economies with similar incomes and Gini coefficients can have very different income distributions. Bellù and Liberati claim that ranking income inequality between two populations is not always possible based on their Gini indices. Similarly, computational social scientist Fabian Stephany illustrates that income inequality within the population, e.g., in specific socio-economic groups of same age and education, also remains undetected by conventional Gini indices.\nGini coefficient The Gini coefficient is an index for the degree of inequality in the distribution of income/wealth, used to estimate how far a country's wealth or income distribution deviates from an equal distribution.\nCorrado Gini He published the Gini coefficient in the 1912 paper Variability and Mutability (). Also called the Gini index and the Gini ratio, it is a measure of statistical dispersion intended to represent the income inequality within a nation or other group.\n\n\nWhat does the Gini coefficient measure?", "role": "user" }, { "content": "The Gini coefficient measures the inequality among values of a frequency distribution, such as levels of income.", "role": "assistant" } ]

[ { "content": "The Climate Monologues Theater reviewer Lexi Orphanos wrote, Abreu’s monologues bring a humanity to the statistics that plaster our newspapers and Facebook feeds. She doesn’t just give you the facts, she gives you a human life, bent and reshaped by environmental abuse.\nNan Bangs McKinnell Nan and Jim spent much of their married life traveling and creating together. The two are remembered as artistic partners with most of their work having been made collaboratively. The two traveled across America and the world, working at colleges and artist's colonies while developing their craft. In 1953, Nan and James attended a ceramics workshop at the Archie Bray Foundation and decided to stay and work there for several years. It was at the Bray where Nan began developing glazes. Nan's deep copper glaze is still widely used today. Her glaze-making also opened up an appreciation for the decorative side of ceramics. As Nan and Jim began working more collaboratively, Nan's decorative eye came out more. In their process, often one would throw a piece on the wheel and the other would decorate it, combining their two separate artistic eyes and influences. Nan was drawn to natural shapes and forms, drawing on flowers, leaves, insects, and other animals.\nPong Nan Nan Yik-Pong, better known by his stage name Pong Nan (; born 15 May 1978), is a Cantopop musician, singer-songwriter and actor in Hong Kong of Hakka ancestry.\nNan Bangs McKinnell In Seattle, Nan began working as a teacher once again, earning money to help support her family back in Nebraska. It wasn't long until Nan was applying for graduate school, and after a few years in Seattle, she was taking summer classes at the University of Washington where she started her art. While the men were away at war, Nan began teaching in an architectural drawing and design classes at the University. As she continued her own studies, Nan realized that painting and design were not her forte and took an introductory class in ceramic engineering and was drawn to clay as an artistic medium.\nSgùrr nan Clach Geala The most usual route of ascent approaches from the north starting at a parking spot on the A832 at grid reference and climbs the adjoining Munro of Meall a' Chrasgaidh before climbing Sgùrr nan Clach Geala. Most walkers will continue south from the summit to take in Sgùrr nan Each before returning to the starting point via the Allt Breabaig.\nNan Qi (artist) Nan is a contemporary Chinese ink painter depicting a variety of themes, ranging from the human form to landscapes and abstract concentric ink dots, using Chinese in and xuan rice paper. During his training as a Chinese ink painter, Nan specialised in classical landscapes inspired by Tang, Song, Yuan, Ming, and Qing dynasty artists. Early experimentation with different brush strokes and techniques, varying the dilution of ink and wash, resulted in the distinctive ink “dabs” produced in his early works. During the mid-to-late 1990s, Nan began designing and printing the catalogues for his own exhibitions, and was inspired by the dot matrices used in printing. This gave rise to a progression from ink “dabs” to more and more dot-like brush strokes, culminating in his development of his signature “halo dot” brush stroke in 2004. At this point, the themes and content of Nan’s work were becoming solidly contemporary and modern, moving away from landscapes. Over the next ten years, Nan developed a completely unique repertoire of brush strokes and ink painting techniques, including the “halo dot”, the “Nan Qi Way” for controlling ink flow into highly absorbent rice paper, and the “3D ink” technique, which allows him to create three-dimensional optical illusions by hand.\nEthiopia Scout Association Ethiopia's Emperor Haile Selassie I in his autobiography, My Life and Ethiopia's Progress (Vol. I), refers to his establishment of the Scouts some time around 1919 (when he was Regent of Ethiopia and known as Ras Tafari), as part of the Modernization of Ethiopia:\nEthiopia Scout Association The Ethiopia Scout Association (Amharic:የኢትዮጵያ እስካውት ማህበር) is the national Scouting association of Ethiopia. The Scout movement was first introduced in Ethiopia around 1919, and had opened a school in Addis Ababa by 1934. However, the association was forced to end its activities due to the Second Italo-Abyssinian War of 1935-1936. Scouting was revived in Ethiopia in 1948, when Scout activities gained a foothold in the schools of Ethiopia. Ethiopia was recognized as a member of the World Organization of the Scout Movement in 1969.\nFormative epistemology Substantive naturalism is a form of formative epistemology that emphasizes how all epistemic facts are natural facts. Natural facts can be based on two main ideas. The first is that all natural facts include all facts that science would verify. The second is to provide a list of examples that consists of natural items. This will help in deducing what else can be included.\nKenneth Buxton Buxton initially went to work in Ethiopia, however in 1935, Emilio De Bono made it into Ethiopia from Eritrea, which led Ethiopia to declare war on Italy. Buxton returned home with the exiled King of Ethiopia, Haile Selassie.\n\n\nGive me some facts about Ethiopia?", "role": "user" }, { "content": "Ethiopia is a federal parliamentary republic with a population of 113,656,596 people, as of 2021 (World factbook). The country is led by Prime Minister Abiy Ahmed, who came to power in 2018. Voting is allowed for citizens over 18 years of age, but it is not mandatory. Despite its leadership in government, Ethiopia faces significant issues with corruption. According to a corruption scale, the country ranks 129th out of 180 countries, with bribery being a common occurrence in government affairs. Agriculture is a major part of Ethiopia's economy, with 38.5 million hectares of land being cultivated in 2020(World factbook). The major crops grown in the country include coffee, pulses, oilseeds, cereals, potatoes, sugarcane, and vegetables. Approximately 80% of Ethiopia's population resides in rural areas due to the need for farming, while the remaining 20% lives in urban areas.", "role": "assistant" } ]

[ { "content": "K.C.T. Engineering College K.C.T. Engineering College is an Engineering College in Gulbarga District of Karnataka, India. It was established in 2001 under HSMAKCT (Hazrat Shaik Minhajuddin Ansari Kallerawan Charitable Trust) under the Guidance of Qamar ul Islam. It is approved by AICTE and recognised by V.T.U. Belgam.\nGovernment Engineering College Government Engineering College or Government College of Engineering refers to one of several engineering colleges located in India:\nCity Engineering College The college is the sister project of AMC Engineering College, Bangalore. It started a civil engineering branch in the 2011–12 academic year.\nGovernment Engineering College, Karwar Government Engineering College Karwar is an Engineering college in Majali, Karwar, Uttara Kannada district of Karnataka, India. Situated 6 mile away from Karwar. The college is affiliated to Visvesvaraya Technological University, Belgaum. It is also approved by All India Council for Technical Education AICTE, New Delhi.\nSapthagiri College of Engineering, Bangalore Sapthagiri College of Engineering(SCE) is an Engineering college in Bangalore, India started in the year 2001.\nCanara Engineering College Canara Engineering College (CEC) is a private engineering college in Karnataka, India, approximately from Mangalore in the surroundings of Benjanapadavu. It was established in 2001 as a Millennium project by Canara High School Association. The college is affiliated to Visvesvaraya Technological University, Belgaum . It is also recognized by government of Karnataka and is approved by AICTE, New Delhi. Approximately 400 engineers graduate annually.\nMajali, Karnataka Government Engineering College is an Engineering college in Majali, Karwar, Uttara Kannada district of Karnataka, India. Situated 6 mile away from Karwar. The college is affiliated to Visvesvaraya Technological University, Belgaum\nLumbini Engineering College Lumbini Engineering College is an engineering college in Tilottama Municipality, ward no. 9 Rupandehi District, Lumbini Zone, Nepal. It was established in 2000. The college has received accolades through Pokhara University, as well as the government's ministry of education. It is also an ISO 9001:2015 certified college. Nepal Engineering Council has ranked this college highly in its evaluation every year. There are well-equipped laboratory facilities and facilities for researching cells, robotics; these programs are endorsed by members of the civil engineering society.\nEducation in Karnataka The first engineering college (University Visvesvaraya College of Engineering, UVCE) in Karnataka was started by the then Diwan of Mysore Sir M. Visvesvaraya in 1917 in Bengaluru. It was the fifth engineering college to be started in the country. By 1956, Karnataka had two Government and three private engineering colleges in the state.\nManiyur (gram panchayat) The College of Engineering Vadakara (CEV) is an engineering college situated in Maniyur, in Kozhikode district of Kerala, established in 1999. The college is affiliated to APJ Abdul Kalam Technological University and approved by All India Council for Technical Education (AICTE).The first Engineering College under the Co-operative Academy of Professional Education (CAPE).\n\n\nWhat are the advantages to studying Engineering in college?", "role": "user" }, { "content": "Studying engineering in undergraduate education has many benefits.\n1) Engineering education provides the student with technical / hard skills that make them valuable in the workforce\n2) Engineering education teaches students who to think critically, from first principles, to solve complex problems\n3) Engineering education teaches students that there may not be one solution to a problem, and the process for arriving at the solution is just as valuable as the solution itself.\n\nOverall, studying Engineering has many benefits both technical and non-technical. Rather, it teaches students how to think.", "role": "assistant" } ]

[ { "content": "University of Virginia The Pulitzer Prize has been awarded to eight UVA alumni: Edward P. Jones, Ron Suskind, Virginius Dabney, Claudia Emerson, Henry Taylor, Lane DeGregory, George Rodrigue, and Michael Vitez.\nUniversity of Virginia Eight NASA astronauts and launch directors are UVA alumni: Karl Gordon Henize, Bill Nelson, Thomas Marshburn, Leland Melvin, Jeff Wisoff, Kathryn Thornton, Patrick Forrester; and Michael Leinbach.\nUniversity of Virginia Rhodes Scholarships are international postgraduate awards given to students to study at the University of Oxford. Since the scholarship program began in 1904, UVA has had fifty-five Rhodes Scholars, the most of any university in the American South, eighth-most overall, and third-most outside the Ivy League (behind Stanford University and the United States Military Academy (West Point)).\nSouth's Oldest Rivalry There is considerable historical lineage and academic standing between the two universities involved. The University of Virginia was founded by third President of the United States and founding father Thomas Jefferson, whereas the University of North Carolina was the first operational state university in the United States. William Faulkner was Writer-in-Residence at UVA, and Peter Taylor was on the UVA faculty and retired in Charlottesville. National Poet Laureate Rita Dove serves on the UVA faculty, and UVA is the alma mater of Edgar Allan Poe and eight winners of the Pulitzer Prize (including Edward P. Jones, Ron Suskind, Virginius Dabney, and five others). UNC is the alma mater of Thomas Wolfe (who wrote about the 1919 game in his posthumous novel The Web and the Rock), Walker Percy, and Shelby Foote. President Woodrow Wilson attended UVA and was President of its Jefferson Literary and Debating Society, whereas President James K. Polk attended UNC and was a Senator in its Dialectic and Philanthropic Societies. Assassinated Presidential candidate Robert F. Kennedy was a graduate of UVA's law school.\nMammolo Mammolo is known under a variety of synonyms throughout Central Italy. These include Fegeri, Mammola asciutta, Mammola minuto, Mammoli, Mammolo asciutto, Mammolo di Montepulciano, Mammolo fiorentino, Mammolo nero, Mammolo nero primaticio, Mammolo normale, Mammolo piccola rooso nero, Mammolo pratese, Mammolo rosso, Mammolo rosso tondo, Mammolo serrato, Mammolo tondo, Mammolo toscana, Mammolone di Lucca, Uva mammola asciuta, Uva mammola near, Uva mammola scrigiolante, Uva Mammolo nero and Uva mammolo tonda.\nUva Rara Uva Rara is often confused with the Gattinara and Oltrepò Pavese grape Vespolina that is also known as Uva Rara, which means rare grape in Italian. Around the communes of Novara, Pavia and Vercelli, Uva Rara is known as Bonarda which has led it to be confused with many of the other grape varieties known as Bonarda, particularly Bonarda Piemontese. However, despite the similarities of synonyms and use in many of the same wines, there is no known relationship between Uva Rara and these other grape varieties.\nEcamsule UVB rays cause short-term sunburn and skin cancer; UVA rays cause wrinkling and may have some role in development of skin cancer. There is no official rating for UVA protection in the US. In Europe, there are several different rating systems that are used to measure effectiveness in blocking UVA rays, including the IPD (immediate pigment darkening assay) and the PPD (persistent pigment darkening assay). The UVB range is 280 to 320 nanometers, and the UVA range is 320 to 400. Ecamsule protects against UV wavelengths in the 290–400 nanometer range, with peak protection at 345 nm. Because ecamsule does not cover the entire UV spectrum, it should be combined with other active sunscreen agents to ensure broad-spectrum UV protection. Ecamsule is a photostable organic UVA absorber, meaning it doesn't degrade significantly when exposed to light. This is in contrast to the widely used UVA absorber avobenzone that is not intrinsically photostable and requires photostabilizers to prevent significant degradation in light.\nUniversity of Virginia The university's alumni, faculty, and researchers have included several U.S. presidents, heads of state, , Pulitzer Prize winners, Rhodes Scholars, Marshall Scholars, and Fulbright Scholars. Some 30 different governors of U.S. states have attended the university, as have numerous U.S. senators and congresspeople. UVA has produced 55 Rhodes Scholars, eighth highest in the United States, while its alumni have founded numerous companies (such as Reddit, CNET, and Space Adventures) which together produce more than $1.6 trillion in annual revenue and have created 2.3 million jobs.\nUva Tosca Ampelographers believe that, despite its name, Uva Tosca originated in the Emilia-Romagna region where it was first described in 1644 by Italian agronomist Vincenzo Tanara. Tanara noted that the grape made pale-colored reddish wine that was very healthy to consume and somewhat sweet and spicy.\nLaunceston Church Grammar School The school has produced a large number of students who have gone on to be awarded the prestigious Rhodes Scholarship, an international postgraduate award for selected foreign students to study at the University of Oxford. Many prizes given by the school hold criteria similar to the Rhodes Scholarship. The following alumni have been selected as Rhodes Scholars:\n\n\nAccording to the text below about UVA, name the UVA alumni that have won the Pulitzer Prize.", "role": "user" }, { "content": "The Pulitzer Prize has been awarded to UVA alumni: Edward P. Jones, Ron Suskind, Virginius Dabney, Claudia Emerson, Henry Taylor, Lane DeGregory, George Rodrigue, and Michael Vitez.", "role": "assistant" } ]

[ { "content": "Nan Bangs McKinnell Nan and Jim spent much of their married life traveling and creating together. The two are remembered as artistic partners with most of their work having been made collaboratively. The two traveled across America and the world, working at colleges and artist's colonies while developing their craft. In 1953, Nan and James attended a ceramics workshop at the Archie Bray Foundation and decided to stay and work there for several years. It was at the Bray where Nan began developing glazes. Nan's deep copper glaze is still widely used today. Her glaze-making also opened up an appreciation for the decorative side of ceramics. As Nan and Jim began working more collaboratively, Nan's decorative eye came out more. In their process, often one would throw a piece on the wheel and the other would decorate it, combining their two separate artistic eyes and influences. Nan was drawn to natural shapes and forms, drawing on flowers, leaves, insects, and other animals.\nPong Nan Nan Yik-Pong, better known by his stage name Pong Nan (; born 15 May 1978), is a Cantopop musician, singer-songwriter and actor in Hong Kong of Hakka ancestry.\nNan Bangs McKinnell In Seattle, Nan began working as a teacher once again, earning money to help support her family back in Nebraska. It wasn't long until Nan was applying for graduate school, and after a few years in Seattle, she was taking summer classes at the University of Washington where she started her art. While the men were away at war, Nan began teaching in an architectural drawing and design classes at the University. As she continued her own studies, Nan realized that painting and design were not her forte and took an introductory class in ceramic engineering and was drawn to clay as an artistic medium.\nMeurs Challenger Meurs Challenger was the winner at the 2011 edition of the International Symposium on Graph Drawing, in the large graph category.\nThe Challenger Sale The Challenger Sale is the first non-fiction book by Matthew Dixon, Brent Adamson, and their colleagues at CEB Inc. The book was published on November 10, 2011 by Portfolio/Penguin. In the text, the book argues that relationship-building is no longer the best sales method. To sell complex, large-scale business-to-business solutions, customers are changing how they buy so sales people must change how they sell. The authors’ study found that sales reps fall into one of five profiles, and the challenger seller is the highest performer.\nSgùrr nan Clach Geala The most usual route of ascent approaches from the north starting at a parking spot on the A832 at grid reference and climbs the adjoining Munro of Meall a' Chrasgaidh before climbing Sgùrr nan Clach Geala. Most walkers will continue south from the summit to take in Sgùrr nan Each before returning to the starting point via the Allt Breabaig.\nNan Qi (artist) Nan is a contemporary Chinese ink painter depicting a variety of themes, ranging from the human form to landscapes and abstract concentric ink dots, using Chinese in and xuan rice paper. During his training as a Chinese ink painter, Nan specialised in classical landscapes inspired by Tang, Song, Yuan, Ming, and Qing dynasty artists. Early experimentation with different brush strokes and techniques, varying the dilution of ink and wash, resulted in the distinctive ink “dabs” produced in his early works. During the mid-to-late 1990s, Nan began designing and printing the catalogues for his own exhibitions, and was inspired by the dot matrices used in printing. This gave rise to a progression from ink “dabs” to more and more dot-like brush strokes, culminating in his development of his signature “halo dot” brush stroke in 2004. At this point, the themes and content of Nan’s work were becoming solidly contemporary and modern, moving away from landscapes. Over the next ten years, Nan developed a completely unique repertoire of brush strokes and ink painting techniques, including the “halo dot”, the “Nan Qi Way” for controlling ink flow into highly absorbent rice paper, and the “3D ink” technique, which allows him to create three-dimensional optical illusions by hand.\nChallenger (horse) Challenger was a bay horse bred by the British The National Stud. As a yearling, Challenger was bought for 5,000 guineas by Lord Dewar.\nRomeo Challenger Challenger is the father of high jumper Ben Challenger, who won a silver medal in the 1998 Commonwealth Games, and a bronze medal four years later; and Tamzin Challenger, a musician best known for her material with bassline producer T2.\nChallenger (character) With Earth as the battleground, the Challenger reassembled the Black Order to the point where he resurrected Black Dwarf, Corvus Glaive, Proxima Midnight, and restored Supergiant as a psychic projection. The Challenger pitted them against the Grandmaster's incarnation of the Lethal Legion. One of the challenges involved gathering the Pyramoids that were in different locations.\n\n\nSummarize the Challenger Sales Methodology for me", "role": "user" }, { "content": "The Challenger Sales Methodology is a highly popular research backed, insight based approach to selling. It was codified during a research study following the economic crash of 2008 where a group of sellers were outperforming their peers and the research team at CEB wanted to understand why. They conducted the largest research study of its kind across 25,000 sales people and found the most successful sellers leverage (5) core skills;\n1. Teaching customers about their business\n2. Tailoring the message to the company, industry, role and individual\n3. Taking control of the sales conversation\n4. Leveraging constructive tension in the sales conversation\n5. Leveraging Customer Mobilizers to sell on their behalf. \nMost sales approaches tend to focus on the features benefits and positive outcomes of the supplier product/solution. The Challenger approach is based upon leading the customer to the solution vs. leading with the solution.", "role": "assistant" } ]

[ { "content": "FIFA Club World Cup records and statistics Rafael Benítez and Pep Guardiola have the record number of participations in the FIFA Club World Cup final. Benítez took part in 2005, 2010 and 2012, and Guardiola in 2009, 2011 and 2013.\nCarlo Ancelotti Carlo Ancelotti , (born 10 June 1959) is an Italian professional football manager and former player who is the manager of La Liga club Real Madrid. Regarded as one of the greatest managers of all time, Ancelotti is the most decorated manager in UEFA Champions League history, having won the trophy a record four times as coach (twice with AC Milan and twice with Real Madrid). He is also the first and only one to have managed teams in five Champions League finals. As a player, he won the Champions League twice with AC Milan, making him one of seven people to have won the European Cup or Champions League as both a player and a manager. Ancelotti is also the first and only manager ever to have won league titles in all of Europe's top five leagues. He has won the FIFA Club World Cup twice, and is also the manager with the most UEFA Super Cup triumphs, having won the trophy on four occasions, managing Milan and Real Madrid.\n2013 UEFA Super Cup The match was the first time since 2004 that both finalists competed without the managers who won their respective UEFA trophies in the previous season, as both Jupp Heynckes and Rafael Benítez left the clubs after the conclusion of the previous season. The new managers, Pep Guardiola and José Mourinho, renewed a rivalry they shared in Spain as managers of Barcelona and Real Madrid respectively. Guardiola had twice won the trophy in his management career, with Barcelona in 2009 and 2011. Mourinho had competed for the trophy only once in 2003 when his Porto entered as UEFA Cup holders and were defeated by Milan. Since then Mourinho had twice won the Champions League but on each occasion left his club immediately afterwards and therefore did not lead them in to the Super Cup.\n2012 FIFA Club World Cup Final The 2012 FIFA Club World Cup Final was the final match of the 2012 FIFA Club World Cup, an association football tournament hosted by Japan. It was the ninth final of the FIFA Club World Cup, a FIFA-organised tournament between the winners of the six continental confederations as well as the host nation's league champions.\n2011 FIFA Club World Cup Final The 2011 FIFA Club World Cup Final was the final match of the 2011 FIFA Club World Cup, an association football tournament hosted by Japan. It was the eighth final of the FIFA Club World Cup, a FIFA-organized tournament between the winners of the six continental confederations as well as the host nation's league champions.\nFootball in Africa Football in Africa witnessed a great development in the last stage, which gained international fame, after the honor and representation of the honorable Congolese team TP Mazembe in the 2010 FIFA Club World Cup, the FIFA international tournament hosted by United Arab Emirates when TP Mazembe reached the final match against the Italian club Inter Milan. And Moroccan team Raja in the 2013 FIFA Club World Cup, the tournament hosted by Morocco when Raja reached the final match against the German club Bayern Munich.\nPep Guardiola Barcelona ended the 2011 calendar year winning the Club World Cup, beating Brazilian club Santos 4–0, the widest margin in an Intercontinental Cup/Club World Cup final since changing to a single match format. This was Guardiola's 13th title of only 16 tournaments played. On 9 January 2012, he was named FIFA World Coach of the Year. On his 41st birthday, he led his side to a 2–1 victory over arch-rivals Real Madrid in El Clásico, ensuring that he remained unbeaten against Real Madrid in regular time as a manager. On 21 April, Guardiola conceded the league title to leaders Real Madrid after they beat Barcelona 2–1 and extended their lead in the table to seven points with four matches remaining. We have to congratulate Madrid for their win and the title that they have also won tonight, said Guardiola, after what was his side's first loss at home all season.\n2016 DFB-Pokal Final The game was Bayern coach Pep Guardiola's final match, after three years in charge of the team. Guardiola will go on to replace Manuel Pellegrini at Manchester City. For Dortmund manager Thomas Tuchel, it was his first season in charge as coach. Guardiola praised Tuchel for an impressive season, finishing second in the Bundesliga and making it to the cup final.\n2017 FIFA Club World Cup Final Real Madrid won the match 1–0 via a goal from Cristiano Ronaldo for their third FIFA Club World Cup title. This was the first time a team had successfully defended the FIFA Club World Cup title, after Real won the previous year. The victory also marked the tenth time a UEFA team had won the Club World Cup.\n2000 FIFA Club World Championship Final The 2000 FIFA Club World Championship Final was an association football match that took place at Estádio do Maracanã, Rio de Janeiro on 14 January 2000. It was an all-Brazilian final between Corinthians and Vasco da Gama to determine the winner of the 2000 FIFA Club World Championship. After a goalless draw during the 120 minutes, Corinthians won the penalty shoot-out 4–3, becoming the first club to lift the FIFA Club World Cup, and the first side to beat a side from their home country in the final.\n\n\nWho are the three team managers that hold the record for the most appearances in the FIFA Club World Cup final?", "role": "user" }, { "content": "Rafael Benítez, Pep Guardiola, and Carlo Ancelotti hold the record for most appearances.", "role": "assistant" } ]

[ { "content": "Dash Either the en dash or the em dash may be used as a bullet at the start of each item in a bulleted list. (This is a matter of graphic design rather than orthography.)\nBullet (typography) To create bulleted list items for a web page, the markup language HTML provides the list tag codice_1. Each list tag inside an unordered list will generate one bulleted list item.\nBullet (typography) To create bulleted list items for a document, the markup language LaTeX provides the item tag codice_2. Each item tag inside an itemized list will generate one bulleted list item.\nBullet (typography) Lists made with bullets are called bulleted lists. The HTML element name for a bulleted list is unordered list, because the list items are not arranged in numerical order (as they would be in a numbered list). Usually, bullet points are used to list things.\n1991 Washington Redskins season In 2010, ESPN conducted a super league, consisting of the best Super Bowl winning teams of all time; the 1991 Redskins finished the regular season in first place with a record of 14-2 and beat the 1992 Dallas Cowboys in the Super Bowl to be named the greatest team of all time. Football Outsiders also has them ranked as the best team in NFL history based on their advanced analysis.\nMonte Coleman Coleman played in the Super Bowl four times, winning three: Super Bowl XVII, Super Bowl XVIII, Super Bowl XXII, and Super Bowl XXVI.\nSuper Bowl XXX Both teams entered the game trying to tie the San Francisco 49ers for the record for most Super Bowl wins by a franchise (5). The Cowboys, who posted a 12–4 regular season record, were making their eighth Super Bowl appearance, while the Steelers, who recorded an 11–5 regular season record, were making their fifth appearance. This game was also the fifth rematch between Super Bowl teams. Moreover, it was the third meeting between the two longtime rivals in a Super Bowl (after Super Bowl X and Super Bowl XIII), the most between any two NFL teams. Dallas became the first team to win three Super Bowls in four years, while Pittsburgh's defeat was their first Super Bowl loss in team history.\nSuper Bowl XLVII This was the first Super Bowl since Super Bowl XXXVII ten years prior that did not feature the New England Patriots, Indianapolis Colts, or the Pittsburgh Steelers as the AFC representatives, and the only Super Bowl between 2003 and 2019 not to feature Tom Brady, Ben Roethlisberger or Peyton Manning. Baltimore defeated the Colts and Patriots during the playoffs while the Steelers failed to make the playoffs. By contrast, the NFC had a different member go to the Super Bowl almost every year during that same span, with the New York Giants (who won Super Bowls XLII and XLVI) being the only NFC team to make two appearances during that span. With the 49ers making their first Super Bowl appearance since Super Bowl XXIX, this left the Dallas Cowboys (last appeared in Super Bowl XXX), Detroit Lions (never appeared in a Super Bowl), Minnesota Vikings (last appeared in Super Bowl XI) and Washington Redskins (last appeared in Super Bowl XXVI) as the only NFC teams not to play in a Super Bowl since 1998, with only the Vikings (on three occasions) even advancing to the NFC Championship Game.\nSuper Bowl curse Since 1993, few winning teams have followed up their Super Bowl appearances with a second Super Bowl appearance, or even advanced to a conference title game in the subsequent season (the 1994 Dallas Cowboys qualified for their conference title but did not qualify for the Super Bowl). Only seven teams have won back-to-back Super Bowl championships, and only one of these seven have made more than two consecutive winning appearances in the Super Bowl. The only franchise to reach more than three straight title games was the Buffalo Bills who lost four Super Bowls in a row from 1990 to 1993. The salary cap, draft, free agency and the schedule makes it more difficult to win repeat league championships in the NFL, compared to other major North American professional sports leagues (Major League Baseball, the National Basketball Association, and the National Hockey League) where dynasties have been prevalent.\nSuper Bowl XXXVI The game heralded the Patriots dynasty, being the first of nine Super Bowl appearances under the duo of head coach Belichick and quarterback Brady. The Patriots finished the 2002 NFL season 9–7, missing the playoffs. But they went on to win Super Bowl XXXVIII, then Super Bowl XXXIX, thus winning three Super Bowls in four years. Then, they won their fourth, fifth, and sixth Super Bowls (Super Bowl XLIX, Super Bowl LI, and Super Bowl LIII) a decade after their third. Brady also won four more Super Bowl MVP awards – three with the Patriots in Super Bowl XXXVIII, Super Bowl XLIX, and Super Bowl LI and one more with the Tampa Bay Buccaneers in Super Bowl LV – making him the only player to be named Super Bowl MVP five times.\n\n\nGive me a bulleted list of the last 5 Super Bowl winning teams", "role": "user" }, { "content": "Kansas City Chiefs\nLos Angeles Rams\nTampa Bay Buccaneers\nKansas City Chiefs \nNew England Patriots", "role": "assistant" } ]

[ { "content": "Mechanical watch The mechanical watch is a mature technology, and most ordinary watch movements have the same parts and work the same way.\nMechanical watch A mechanical watch is a watch that uses a clockwork mechanism to measure the passage of time, as opposed to quartz watches which function using the vibration modes of a piezoelectric quartz tuning fork, or radio watches, which are quartz watches synchronized to an atomic clock via radio waves. A mechanical watch is driven by a mainspring which must be wound either periodically by hand or via a self-winding mechanism. Its force is transmitted through a series of gears to power the balance wheel, a weighted wheel which oscillates back and forth at a constant rate. A device called an escapement releases the watch's wheels to move forward a small amount with each swing of the balance wheel, moving the watch's hands forward at a constant rate. The escapement is what makes the 'ticking' sound which is heard in an operating mechanical watch. Mechanical watches evolved in Europe in the 17th century from spring powered clocks, which appeared in the 15th century.\nSkeleton watch A skeleton watch is a mechanical watch in which all of the moving parts are visible through either the front of the watch, the back of the watch or a small cut outlining the dial.\nWatch timing machine A watch timing machine or timegrapher is a machine that acoustically measures the ticks of a mechanical watch to assess its accuracy and enable calibration. This device calculates the amplitude, beat rate, and beat error of a mechanical watch, and provides a summary of these figures after the watch is connected to the device for a fixed interval of time. The information recorded by this instrument is used by horologists and watchmakers to help determine if the timepiece's movement is in need of servicing, or a complete overhaul, to restore its timekeeping accuracy. It is also used to determine if a newly produced timepiece is accurate, prior to being sold or released.\nHMT Limited HMT set up a watch manufacturing Unit at Bangalore in collaboration with M/s Citizen Watch Co., Japan in 1961. The first batch of mechanical (hand wound) wrist watches manufactured here was released by the then Prime Minister of India, Jawaharlal Nehru. The most popular mechanical watch was HMT Janata. Other mechanical watch styles included HMT Pilot, HMT Jhalak (Semi Skeletal), HMT Sona, HMT Braille.\nPower reserve indicator The power reserve indicator is one of the most useful features of a mechanical watch besides the actual time display. A mechanical watch is operated by either automatic or manual winding. In order to run at a regular rate a mechanical timepiece needs to have at least 30 per cent of its mainspring wound. An automatic timepiece needs to be worn for about 10–15 hours before it is fully wound.\nMystery watch One example is a type of mechanical watch where the movement is transmitted to the hands through a transparent crystal toothed wheel.\nAutomatic watch In a mechanical watch the watch's gears are turned by a spiral spring called a mainspring. In a manual watch energy is stored in the mainspring by turning a knob, the crown on the side of the watch. Then the energy from the mainspring powers the watch movement until it runs down, requiring the spring to be wound again.\nHack watch A hack watch is a mechanical watch whose movement offers a mechanism for stopping and setting the seconds hand of the watch, then restarting the watch the instant the time setting matches the time displayed by a reference timepiece.\nMechanical amplifier A mechanical amplifier is basically a mechanical resonator that resonates at the operating frequency and magnifies the amplitude of the vibration of the transducer at anti-node location.\n\n\nExplain how a mechanical watch works", "role": "user" }, { "content": "A simple mechanical watch works by transferring power from the main spring, a tightly coiled metal spring, through an escapement and balance wheel, to wheels representing seconds, minutes, and hours.\n\nThe watch uses a gearing from the main spring that pushes an escapement gearing against a ruby palette to oscillate a balance wheel. The balance wheel and escapement are carefully constructed to oscillate at a specific frequency, releasing small bursts of power to the gear train. The train is constructed to gear the specific frequency of the balance wheel into seconds, minutes and hours. \n\nFurther complications like chronographs, sun phase, alarms, and others are not accounted for in this simple watch. An automatic watch contains a weighted rotor in order to wind the mainspring with the motion of a person's arm.", "role": "assistant" } ]

[ { "content": "Proportionator A sampling method known as probability proportional to size, or PPS, selects objects based on a characteristic that differs between objects. An excellent example of this is the selection of trees based on their diameter, or selecting a cell based on volume. The PSI selects cells with points. DeVries estimators select trees with lines. Sections select objects based on their height. These are examples of objects being selected in a varying probability by probes. In these examples the characteristic is a function of the objects themselves. That does not have to be the case.\nDebbie Ding A series of 3D-printed objects based on publicly-uploaded photogrammetry scans of domestic interiors. Ding describes the process of converting poorly-scanned, non-manifold models into physical 3D objects as creating fossils in reverse. Exhibited at Tainan Art Museum, Taiwan and Ota Fine Arts, Singapore in 2018.\nChess Crusade This game Chess Crusade is based on a chess board game, which is a reenactment of the Crusades. This is a series of wars fought primarily in the Holy Land usually between the Roman Catholics of Western Europe and the Muslims of the Middle East. Also, it was a medieval military mission performed by the Europeans to recover the Holy land from the Muslims in the 11th – 13th century.\nChess Crusade Chess Crusade is a video game of the board game genre developed in 2008 by British studio Slam Games. Chess Crusade follows the game of chess featuring animations between chess pieces, as these medieval themed characters confront each other on the chess board. As the pieces move around the board, they meet with intense animated combat moves in an effort to overpower or be trembled.\nFerdinand Cohn Cohn was the first to classify algae as plants, and to define what distinguishes them from green plants. His classification of bacteria into four groups based on shape (sphericals, short rods, threads, and spirals) is still in use today. Among other things Cohn is remembered for being the first to show that Bacillus can change from a vegetative state to an endospore state when subjected to an environment deleterious to the vegetative state.\nWhite and Black in chess As Howard Staunton observed, In the earlier ages of chess, the board was simply divided into sixty-four squares, without any difference of colour. The checkering of the squares was a European innovation, introduced in the thirteenth century.\nNan Bangs McKinnell Nan and Jim spent much of their married life traveling and creating together. The two are remembered as artistic partners with most of their work having been made collaboratively. The two traveled across America and the world, working at colleges and artist's colonies while developing their craft. In 1953, Nan and James attended a ceramics workshop at the Archie Bray Foundation and decided to stay and work there for several years. It was at the Bray where Nan began developing glazes. Nan's deep copper glaze is still widely used today. Her glaze-making also opened up an appreciation for the decorative side of ceramics. As Nan and Jim began working more collaboratively, Nan's decorative eye came out more. In their process, often one would throw a piece on the wheel and the other would decorate it, combining their two separate artistic eyes and influences. Nan was drawn to natural shapes and forms, drawing on flowers, leaves, insects, and other animals.\nRemote sensing In current usage, the term remote sensing generally refers to the use of satellite- or aircraft-based sensor technologies to detect and classify objects on Earth. It includes the surface and the atmosphere and oceans, based on propagated signals (e.g. electromagnetic radiation). It may be split into active remote sensing (when a signal is emitted by a satellite or aircraft to the object and its reflection detected by the sensor) and passive remote sensing (when the reflection of sunlight is detected by the sensor).\nChess Wars Chess Wars is a 3D computer chess game that animates the movement of the pieces in a manner similar to Battle Chess. The game is notable for displaying full-motion video sequences when a piece is taken. Pieces on the board correspond to 'character pieces' representing actors for each piece on the chess board. The full-motion video sequences follow a loose story of two opposing kingdoms meeting on the battlefield.\nStamp tongs The shovel tip is a broad spatula shape, often bent at an angle. The pointed tip tapers to a sharp point; while useful for precise positioning, as when mounting the stamp on a page or picking a particular stamp from a pile, the sharper tip can also tear a delicate stamp. There are also rounded tips available that beginning stamp collectors like to use to avoid damaging their collection.\n\n\nClassify these objects based on their shape.\nwheel, coin, CD, stamp, chess board", "role": "user" }, { "content": "Round - wheel, coin, CD\nSquare - stamp, chess board", "role": "assistant" } ]

[ { "content": "Brief Answers to the Big Questions The ten questions that are considered include: Is there a God? How did it all begin? What is inside a black hole? Can we predict the future? Is time travel possible? Will we survive on Earth? Is there other intelligent life in the universe? Should we colonise space? Will artificial intelligence outsmart us? How do we shape the future?\nKavli Institute for the Physics and Mathematics of the Universe The main subjects of study at IPMU are particle physics, high energy physics, astrophysics, astronomy and mathematics. The institute addresses five key questions: How did the universe begin? What is its fate? What is it made of? What are its fundamental laws? Why do we exist?\nBilly Herrington The three most notable soramimi from Billy Herrington that comes from Workout: Muscle Fantasies 3, that would later make up the tag, are Huh? Like embarrassing me, huh? (あぁん?最近だらしねぇな?, aan? saikin darashi nee na? What? You are slacking off these days?); You got me mad now. (歪みねぇな, yugami nee na, You are not distorted.); and That's not right, man. (仕方ないね, shikata nai ne, It can't be helped.).\nRotational mouse Due to the round shape the Orbita mouse is commonly confused as being similar to the original, circular USB iMac mouse. However, the two mice are functionally different, primarily because the iMac's mouse is not a rotating mouse. The Orbita, unlike the Puck mouse, is designed to be ergonomic, with the round shape lending practical aid to the mouse's spinning action, and is not a purely æsthetic trait.\nP. J. Snow (8 sections; 210,000 words; 38 original figures). The Human Psyche addresses and answers a host of highly significant questions relating to human existence and survival, at both the individuals and social level. Examples of some of these questions are as follows: What is the biological origin of consciousness, thought and intelligence? What is the relationship between emotions and instinct? How did the human psyche evolve from the brains of our animal relatives? What and where is the human mind? How is the human mind organized to produce different cognitive attributes and different personalities? Why do we need a God and where is the human soul? What conjures within us the experience of love or, alternatively, casts us into the oblivion of darkness? What are the origins of good and evil? How are these extremes of human experience represented in religion? How do we imagine things and how does our imagination differ from our dreams? Do all people think in the same way and, if not, are there greater differences between people from different societies, countries, cultures or races than between members of the same community? Where does belief and faith come from? What is the origin of racial conflict? Why is it so easy for politicians to persuade us to go to war? Why does the aggression of battle always result in rape, plunder and pillage? Are we motivated by our thoughts or our emotions? Is there any basis for the politically correct view that all humans have identical brains and that all behavioral and cultural diversity is learned? Why is it said that the longest road is that between the heart and the head?\nTimestream Science fiction scholar Andrew Sawyer writes, The paradoxes of time—do we move in time, or does it move by us? Does it exist or is it merely an illusion of our limited perception?—are puzzles that exercise both physicists and philosophers...\nMTS system architecture Several MTS commands that use file names or lists of file names allow the use of file-name patterns: COPY, DESTROY, DUPLICATE, EMPTY, EDIT, FILESTATUS, FILEMENU, LIST, LOCKSTATUS, PERMIT, RENAME, RENUMBER, and TRUNCATE. A question-mark (?) is the pattern match character. A single question-mark used in a file-name will match zero or more characters. ? matches all files for the current signon ID, ?.S matches all files that end with .S, A?B matches all files that begin with A and end with B, A?B?C matches all files that start with A, end with C, and contain a B. Two or more consecutive question-marks match n-1 characters. ???.S matches all four character file-names that end with .S, and ???? matches all three character file-names. W163:? matches all files under the signon ID W163 to which the current user has some access.\nAdyghe grammar The interrogative pronoun хэт? who? is used to address the nouns that belong to the class of human being, and the pronoun сыд? what? is for the nouns that belong to the class of thing. For example:\nTaixu Who is God? Is He made of matter or not? . . . If He exists in the heart only, then his existence is legendary, similar to such non-existent things as turtle hair and hare horn. Thus, we should not believe that God created all things in the world. . . . How did He create the Universe? If the Holy Father is part of the universe, it is unreasonable that He created the world. I challenge the existence of God. Show me the evidence of the birth of God. What was He before His birth? Does He exist because He possesses an inherent nature? It is not rational to claim that all things exist before His birth. If there is a birth, or a beginning, there should be an end. It is unreasonable to say that He is almighty. . . . If, with knowledge, God created man and all things at His will, then did He create man blindly or ignorantly? How could He create sinful things, crimes, ignorance, and even blasphemers? This would be unreasonable. If He did all these things, it would be unreasonable that God sent people into exile, to make them suffer, rather than allowing them to stay in Paradise. How could God create men who do not respect Him?\nNeeti Sastra 81. One ought to ask the following questions repeatedly before beginning any new venture: What is the ideal time? Who are my friends? What is the ideal place? What are my income and expense? Who am I? What is my strength?\n\n\nWhy are all the planets and moons round in shape? What makes them round? Does there exist another shape?", "role": "user" }, { "content": "Not all planets and moons are round. There is some variety in their shapes depending on their masses, and curiously looking worlds might even exist, unlike anything we know from our system.\n\nEverything within a planet or a moon is under the influence of gravity in such a way that bits of it would move to the center if they could. Under ideal conditions, it would acquire a spherical shape. For objects made of something other than liquids, it varies at what point they become round. It is generally assumed that they mostly become spheres around 400 kilometers/248 miles in diameter when made from icy material commonly found in our Solar System. Still, if something is made from something more rigid, it needs to be larger in diameter than that - around 750 km/466 miles. At a sufficient mass, even rock becomes fluid-like. The moon of Mars Deimos is only 12.6 km/7.8 miles across and is not spherical, and there are many other small moons of other planets that don’t have a round shape.\n\nThis, however, is not all. Astronomical objects spin, giving them the flattened shape of a sphere the faster their rotation if they are massive enough. On top of it, they can have moons. This causes a bulge to form at the position of their orbiting body around them. In the case of Earth, our Moon causes tides via this process. Also, our Sun gives our planet tides. Elsewhere in the Universe, there could be planets with massive moons or two similarly massive planets, called double planets, orbiting their common center of mass, the barycenter, at a close distance, which can cause even stronger bulging. Their shape would be affected this way more visibly.\n\nFinally, a bizarre, toroidal planet, shown above, can be stable from what we know from physics, at least for a while. As I mentioned earlier, even rigid rock behaves like a fluid at large masses. An adequate rotation speed can counterbalance the strength of gravity with centrifugal acceleration, and a torus-shaped planet could exist. A possible scenario for such a world to come to be would be if two sufficiently fast rotating planets collided and formed a doughnut of vaporized rock, a so-called synestia.\n\nWe currently think that the events that would lead to the formation of a world of this shape are so unlikely that there might not be a single toroidal planet in the Visible Universe, but we were quite a few times surprised by what we discovered during our exploration of Cosmos. Perhaps we will even find a doughnut shape world one day.", "role": "assistant" } ]

[ { "content": "Brede House A vegetable garden and nursery used to supply the household with fresh produce. A vegetable garden with original crops is still maintained at the far end of the park. It is situated next to the gardener's house and a small cluster of outbuildings and glasshouses, including the Grape House (Vinbakken), the Tomato House (Tomathuset), the Apple Cellar (Æblekælderen), the Orangery (Orangeriet) and the Storehouse (Materialhuset).\nKitchen garden A vegetable garden (also known as a vegetable patch or vegetable plot) is a garden that exists to grow vegetables and other plants useful for human consumption, in contrast to a flower garden that exists for aesthetic purposes. It is a small-scale form of vegetable growing. A vegetable garden typically includes a compost heap, and several plots or divided areas of land, intended to grow one or two types of plant in each plot. Plots may also be divided into rows with an assortment of vegetables grown in the different rows. It is usually located to the rear of a property in the back garden or back yard. About a third of adults in the UK and America grow food in private or community kitchen or vegetable gardens. In World War II, many people had a victory garden which provided food and thus freed resources for the war effort.\nWhite House vegetable garden The White House has had multiple vegetable gardens since its completion in 1800. Eleanor Roosevelt, Hillary Clinton and Michelle Obama all have had their own versions of vegetable gardens. Roosevelt planted the White House victory garden during World War II to promote the use of victory gardens by American citizens in a time of possible food scarcity. Hillary Clinton had a vegetable garden constructed on the roof of the White House. On March 20, 2009 Michelle Obama broke ground on the largest and most expansive vegetable garden to date on the White House lawn.\nAustralian Maritime College Newnham campus The vegetable garden was adjacent to a cistern or large reservoir filled in c1959 with the demolition of the Newnham Hall kitchen. As part of the Community School, Newnham Hall was known for growing its own vegetables and the outline of the vegetable garden on the 1978 survey probably dates from that period.\nEllinge Castle written report as having a courtyard with a four-winged house group, a barn and being surrounded by a moat. From images of the estate at the time, it appears to have had a garden consisting of an embroidery parterre. It is also very likely that there was a vegetable garden somewhere inside or outside the moat.\nNymindegab Museum The museum includes the small house of the family of a local carpenter. The dwelling is from the 1930s, and includes a reconstruction of a buried vegetable garden. In earlier times one dug a large hole in the vegetable garden, which then was partially filled up with humic mulch. In this way the crop yield was sheltered, and the mulch was not blown away. In addition, the museum is about to restore an antique sawmill.\nSouth Lawn Michelle Obama installed a vegetable garden during her husband's presidency on the far south area of the property. The vegetables grown are used at the White House for meals as well as donated to area shelters.\nKetchup as a vegetable A similar controversy arose in 2011, when Congress passed a bill prohibiting the USDA from increasing the amount of tomato paste required to constitute a vegetable; the bill allowed pizza with two tablespoons (30 mL) of tomato paste to qualify as a vegetable.\nMuseum of American Heritage At the same time the garden area served the more utilitarian functions required by the Williams family, such as a vegetable garden, a medicinal plants garden, clothes drying, and composting. It is attributed to be the only historically preserved landscape in Palo Alto, and one of the few in California. The Museum of American Heritage is currently preserving the Williams House Garden.\nAshton Gifford House The walled garden, which appears to have been constructed around this time, and which is still a part of the property, lies to the west of the current house. It has been described as the largest in the county (at 1.3 acres). It was in active use as a vegetable garden as recently as the 1980s, when the house was a school (see below).\n\n\nwhat are the advantages of having a vegetable garden at home on the owners health?", "role": "user" }, { "content": "Vegetable garden allows you to think about the healthy factors of each vegetable. You can prioritize the health benefits of each vegetable and compare against how frequently you use that vegetable. You can plan on how many plants of each variety will be needed for making a dinner for your family. You will try to find vegetables that are easy to maintain and grow with minimal supervision. You will mix between vegetables that will grow in summer verses mild cold temperatures and choose your planting time. If you want year around produce of fresh vegetables you can even plan to have a green house with heating to keep your plants alive in all seasons. Making the soil ready and adding some plant food at regular intervals is required to keep the produce at good numbers. The owner will have health benefits of stress free time during the time they work on the garden and when they see the produce on the dinner table in the form of a delicious dish. Owners have a great time posting their produce pictures and dishes to social media to share with friends. Each year they plan 3 to 4 months in advance on the kind of plants that they would like to plant in the garden. They work with friends to find the seeds for various plants that they like to plant as well as share tips to keep the garden healthy. The key benefit is the owner will be able to get fresh produce that does not use any harsh chemicals or pesticides.", "role": "assistant" } ]

[ { "content": "Tell Shihab Tell Shihab is situated on the promontory formed by the junction of Wadi al-Meddan and Wadi Tell Shihab, which represents the modern borders between Syria and Jordan. With the presence of several wadis there is an abundance of water in the town. It is one of the lowest-lying towns in the mountainous Hauran region, with an elevation of over above sea level. Surrounding Tell Shihab are stretches of wheat fields.\nTell Hadidi Tell Hadidi, ancient Azu, is an ancient Near East archaeological site in Syria about 30 kilometers north of Emar and 5 kilometers north of Ekalte. It lies on the west bank of the Euphrates River on the opposite bank from Tell es-Sweyhat. It is thought to be a paired city with Tell es-Sweyhat controling a Euphrates river crossing. There are prominent hollow ways between the site and Tell es-Sweyhat, Tell Othman, and Tell Jouweif. The site was occupied from the Early Bronze Age period to the Late Bronze Age and again to a lesser extent in Roman times. It was one of several rescue excavations sparked by the construction of the Tabqa Dam and the resulting Lake Assad. The town's primary god was Dagan.\nTell Abada Tell Abada is a tell, or archaeological settlement mound, in Diyala Governorate (Iraq). Abada was excavated as part of the archaeological salvage operation to excavate sites that would be flooded by the reservoir of the Hamrin Dam. Excavations revealed occupation levels dating to the Ubaid 1-3 periods. The site is important because it was one of the few where an Ubaid period settlement could be excavated in its entirety.\nWilliam Tell (opera) William Tell (; ) is a French-language opera in four acts by Italian composer Gioachino Rossini to a libretto by Victor-Joseph Étienne de Jouy and L. F. Bis, based on Friedrich Schiller's play Wilhelm Tell, which, in turn, drew on the William Tell legend. The opera was Rossini's last, although he lived for nearly 40 more years. Fabio Luisi said that Rossini planned for Guillaume Tell to be his last opera even as he composed it. The often-performed overture in four sections features a depiction of a storm and a vivacious finale, the March of the Swiss Soldiers.\nTell Me About Your Day Today Tell Me About Your Day Today is a 2012 Children's picture book by Mem Fox and Lauren Stringer. It is about a boy discussing the days events with his favorite stuffed toys.\nThe Sweetest Apu Marge figures out what Homer saw from the movements of his pupil. They decide not to tell Manjula but while they are playing badminton, Homer and Marge act awkwardly with Manjula and Apu looking at them, trying not to give out hints Apu cheated on Manjula. They then confront Apu and he says he will break up with Annette. However, he breaks his promise. Later, Manjula watches the surveillance footage of Apu cheating and kicks him out. To help get them together, Homer and Marge invite them both to dinner, but do not tell them that the other one is coming. After a failed attempt with Bart and Lisa, Apu tries to promise to Manjula that he will change, but Manjula refuses to listen and demands a divorce.\nEnlightenment Intensive A typical day starts early in the morning and lasts until late in the evening and usually consists of a single structure interspersed with eating, washing, exercise, work and meditation. Each day there are ten to twelve 40-minute periods where participants work in dyads, rotating partners, giving an instruction, chosen by the participant or the master/facilitator, often called a koan. The most usual instructions are tell me who you are, tell me what you are, tell me what life is or tell me what another is.\nImipenem/cilastatin This medicine is passed through breast milk, so its use during pregnancy or breastfeeding should only be done when clearly needed. Primaxin is cleared from the body by the kidneys, so it is important to tell one's doctor about any other drugs being taken that are also cleared through the kidneys (such as other antibiotics), especially for older patients, as kidney function declines with age.\nWill Tell William Davis (born January 3, 1973), known professionally as Will Tell is a Puerto Rican hip-hop producer. Adopted at an early age, he was raised in Brooklyn, New York. Will Tell’s lifelong journey with hip-hop music and culture began with attending talent shows at High School Redirection in Brownsville, where his mother was a teacher.\nChristopher Zara You can have that impulse to create whether you’ve been through a tragedy or not, obviously. But to me, it's like, if you don't struggle to create your art in some way, why do I care about it? ... To me, it’s like, 'Tell me something. Tell me about your struggle. Tell me about pain. Tell me about life.' I mean, that’s what life is.\n\n\nCan you tell me recipe to make a quick dessert , tell me one which is your favorite.", "role": "user" }, { "content": "Fruit Cream is one of my favorite desserts and very easy to make . All you need is 500 ml Heavy Cream , powdered sugar , all your favorite fruits ( banana , apples, grapes , strawberries , mango etc ) cut into small bite size pieces , dash of lemon juice . Whip the cream using a hand mixer , add sugar to it and mix well . Add 5-10 drops of lemon .This will prevent apples and bananas from blackening. In a dessert dish add all the cut fruits . Pour the cream on top of the fruits . Serve chilled with love . I am sure everyone you, your guests and family love this .", "role": "assistant" } ]

[ { "content": "The Ways to Love a Man (album) The Ways to Love a Man is a studio album by American country artist, Tammy Wynette. It was released on January 26, 1970 via Epic Records and was the seventh studio album in Wynette's career. The disc consisted of 11 tracks which included both original material and cover recordings. Its title track was the album's only single included. It became a number one song on the North American country charts while also reaching chart positions in other musical genres as well. The album itself also reached chart positions on the country albums chart following its release. Critics and journalists gave the album a positive reception in the years that followed.\nD-I-V-O-R-C-E (album) D-I-V-O-R-C-E is a studio album by American country artist Tammy Wynette. It was released in July 1968 via Epic Records and contained 11 tracks. Several recordings were cover tunes, including songs by Merle Haggard and The Beatles. Several new selections were also part of the collection, including the title track. Released as a single, the title track became Wynette's fourth number one song on the North American country charts in 1968. The album itself would also top the American country LP's chart in 1968. D-I-V-O-R-C-E received positive reviews from critics following its release.\nStand by Your Man (album) Stand by Your Man is a studio album by American country artist Tammy Wynette. It was released in January 1969 via Epic Records and contained 11 tracks. It was the fifth studio album of Wynette's career and was named for its title track. The title track became Wynette's signature song and most successful single of her career.\nThe Ways to Love a Man The Ways to Love a Man is a 1969 single by Tammy Wynette, who co-wrote the song with Billy Sherrill and Glenn Sutton. It was Wynette's sixth number one on the U.S. country singles chart. The single remained at the top of the chart for fifteen weeks.\nThe Ways to Love a Man (album) The Ways to Love a Man was released on January 26, 1970 on Epic Records. It marked the seventh studio album released in Wynette's career. It was originally offered as a vinyl LP, containing five songs on Side A and six songs on Side B. A similar version was also released during this time as a cassette. On the American Billboard 200 albums chart, it peaked at number 83 in 1970. By June 1970, the album had reached the number three positions on the Billboard Top Country Albums chart. Its title track was the album's lead single and was originally released by Epic on August 1, 1969. By October 1969, the single topped the Billboard Hot Country Songs chart and Canada's RPM country chart. It also reached number 81 on the Billboard Hot 100 and number 18 on the Billboard adult contemporary charts. Singing My Song was also a single but first included on Wynette's 1969 compilation, Tammy's Greatest Hits.\nYour Good Girl's Gonna Go Bad Your Good Girl's Gonna Go Bad is a studio album by American country artist Tammy Wynette. It was released in May 1967 and contained ten tracks. The majority of the album was a collection of cover tunes Wynette recorded, including songs by George Jones, Loretta Lynn and Jeannie Seely. Several new songs were also part of the project. It was the debut studio album of Wynette's career and included two singles: Apartment No. 9 and Your Good Girl's Gonna Go Bad. The latter became Wynette's first chart success, climbing into the top five of the American country chart. The album itself reached the American country LP's chart in 1967. The album later received a positive review from AllMusic, which gave it a five-star rating.\nOne of a Kind (Tammy Wynette album) One of a Kind is the eighteenth studio album by American country music singer-songwriter Tammy Wynette. It was released on November 14, 1977, by Epic Records.\nThe First Lady (Tammy Wynette album) The First Lady is the eighth studio album by American country music singer-songwriter Tammy Wynette. It was released on October 5, 1970, by Epic Records.\nWe Sure Can Love Each Other (album) We Sure Can Love Each Other is the ninth studio album by American country music singer-songwriter Tammy Wynette. It was released on May 3, 1971, by Epic Records.\nThe Ways to Love a Man (album) Tammy Wynette had reached her peak commercial success during the late sixties decade. She had a string of number one singles that topped the country charts, including I Don't Wanna Play House, Take Me to Your World and D-I-V-O-R-C-E. Her signature tune, Stand by Your Man, described the way housewives accept their husband's behavior. The song's production and story line would be echoed in Wynette's follow-up releases over the next several years, which included the 1969 song, The Ways to Love a Man. Penned by Billy Sherrill, Glenn Sutton and Wynette herself, the song describes how a housewife will use her female psyche to keep her husband happy. The song would inspire the title of Wynette's next studio album.\n\n\nThe album the ways to love a man by Tammy Wynette", "role": "user" }, { "content": "The Ways to Love a Man is a studio album by American country artist, Tammy Wynette. It was released on January 26, 1970 via Epic Records and was the seventh studio album in Wynette's career. The disc consisted of 11 tracks which included both original material and cover recordings. \n\nIts title track was the album's only single included. It became a number one song on the North American country charts while also reaching chart positions in other musical genres as well. The album itself also reached chart positions on the country albums chart following its release. Critics and journalists gave the album a positive reception in the years that followed.", "role": "assistant" } ]

[ { "content": "Military Cathedral of St. Mary Queen of Peace, Brasília Its architecture in triangular format refers to a tent. Pope John Paul II laid the foundation stone in 1991 during his visit to Brazil.\nNan Bangs McKinnell Nan and Jim spent much of their married life traveling and creating together. The two are remembered as artistic partners with most of their work having been made collaboratively. The two traveled across America and the world, working at colleges and artist's colonies while developing their craft. In 1953, Nan and James attended a ceramics workshop at the Archie Bray Foundation and decided to stay and work there for several years. It was at the Bray where Nan began developing glazes. Nan's deep copper glaze is still widely used today. Her glaze-making also opened up an appreciation for the decorative side of ceramics. As Nan and Jim began working more collaboratively, Nan's decorative eye came out more. In their process, often one would throw a piece on the wheel and the other would decorate it, combining their two separate artistic eyes and influences. Nan was drawn to natural shapes and forms, drawing on flowers, leaves, insects, and other animals.\nPong Nan Nan Yik-Pong, better known by his stage name Pong Nan (; born 15 May 1978), is a Cantopop musician, singer-songwriter and actor in Hong Kong of Hakka ancestry.\nBrazil–Mozambique relations In March 1976, Brazil opened an embassy in the Mozambican capital of Maputo and in January 1998, Mozambique reciprocated the gesture by opening an embassy in Brasília. In 2000, Brazilian President Fernando Henrique Cardoso paid an official visit to Mozambique and attended the 3rd summit of the Community of Portuguese Language Countries being held in the Mozambican capital. In 2001, Mozambican President Joaquim Chissano paid an official visit to Brazil. Since then, there have been several high level visits between leaders of both nations.\nNan Bangs McKinnell In Seattle, Nan began working as a teacher once again, earning money to help support her family back in Nebraska. It wasn't long until Nan was applying for graduate school, and after a few years in Seattle, she was taking summer classes at the University of Washington where she started her art. While the men were away at war, Nan began teaching in an architectural drawing and design classes at the University. As she continued her own studies, Nan realized that painting and design were not her forte and took an introductory class in ceramic engineering and was drawn to clay as an artistic medium.\nSgùrr nan Clach Geala The most usual route of ascent approaches from the north starting at a parking spot on the A832 at grid reference and climbs the adjoining Munro of Meall a' Chrasgaidh before climbing Sgùrr nan Clach Geala. Most walkers will continue south from the summit to take in Sgùrr nan Each before returning to the starting point via the Allt Breabaig.\nNan Qi (artist) Nan is a contemporary Chinese ink painter depicting a variety of themes, ranging from the human form to landscapes and abstract concentric ink dots, using Chinese in and xuan rice paper. During his training as a Chinese ink painter, Nan specialised in classical landscapes inspired by Tang, Song, Yuan, Ming, and Qing dynasty artists. Early experimentation with different brush strokes and techniques, varying the dilution of ink and wash, resulted in the distinctive ink “dabs” produced in his early works. During the mid-to-late 1990s, Nan began designing and printing the catalogues for his own exhibitions, and was inspired by the dot matrices used in printing. This gave rise to a progression from ink “dabs” to more and more dot-like brush strokes, culminating in his development of his signature “halo dot” brush stroke in 2004. At this point, the themes and content of Nan’s work were becoming solidly contemporary and modern, moving away from landscapes. Over the next ten years, Nan developed a completely unique repertoire of brush strokes and ink painting techniques, including the “halo dot”, the “Nan Qi Way” for controlling ink flow into highly absorbent rice paper, and the “3D ink” technique, which allows him to create three-dimensional optical illusions by hand.\nAngola–Brazil relations In November 2015 both nations celebrated 40 years of diplomatic relations. In January 2019, Angolan Foreign Minister, Manuel Domingos Augusto, paid a visit to Brazil to attend the inauguration of President Jair Bolsonaro. In December 2019, Brazilian Foreign Minister, Ernesto Araújo, paid an official visit to Angola and met with President João Lourenço.\nAngola–Brazil relations In November 1975, Brazil became the first country to recognize and establish diplomatic relations with newly independent Angola. Soon afterwards, Angola descended into a civil war which lasted until 2002. In July 2002, Angolan President José Eduardo dos Santos paid a visit to Brazil to attend the 4th CPLP Summit in Brasília. In 2003, Brazilian President, Luiz Inácio Lula da Silva, paid an official visit to Angola. There would be several high-level visits between leaders of both nations.\nBrazil–Italy relations Italian migration to Brazil began in 1875 when Brazil began to promote migration to the country in order to increase its population and therefore created 'colonies' mostly in rural areas for Italians and other Europeans to migrate to. Between 1880 and 1920, more than one million Italians immigrated to Brazil. In 1924, Italian Prince of Piedmont (future King Umberto II) visited the city of Salvador, Bahia as Rio de Janeiro (the Brazilian capital at the time) was considered unsafe for the Prince and São Paulo was temporary taken over by rebels. The Prince's main visit to Brazil (and other South American nations) was part of a political plan of fascism to link the Italian people living outside Italy with their mother country.\n\n\nWhere to visit in Brazil?", "role": "user" }, { "content": "It depends what you are looking for. Brazil is known for the amazon forest, carnival and beaches in Rio but there are a lot more to explore.\n\nThere are pretty interesting cities, such as São Paulo, Curitiba and Recife. São Paulo has a great mix of culture and gastronomy, the city is vibrant and have bakeries that stay up all night. Curitiba became a leader in urban sustainability and also has a cultural aspect to it.\nRecife is a city in the northeastern state of Pernambuco, it has a night life in its old town, Recife antigo and some beaches as well. During the month of February the city has a vibrant carnival celebration, tourists and residents go out to the street to dance and celebrate, where you can see people of all ages.\n\nBesides the cities, Brazil has beautiful warm beaches in its northeastern states. From the Bahia state to Ceára state, there are many paradisiac beaches to visit. Be aware that road tripping in Brazil is not always safe and you need to speak Portuguese since you will find English speakers only in the main hotels and resorts. Stay in the main cities of Salvador, Aracajú, Maceió, Recife, João Pessoa, Natal and Fortaleza to experience the most development and tourist services.", "role": "assistant" } ]

[ { "content": "Rainbow Rainbows span a continuous spectrum of colours. Any distinct bands perceived are an artefact of human colour vision, and no banding of any type is seen in a black-and-white photo of a rainbow, only a smooth gradation of intensity to a maximum, then fading towards the other side. For colours seen by the human eye, the most commonly cited and remembered sequence is Isaac Newton's sevenfold red, orange, yellow, green, blue, indigo and violet, remembered by the mnemonic Richard Of York Gave Battle In Vain, or as the name of a fictional person (Roy G. Biv). The initialism is sometimes referred to in reverse order, as VIBGYOR. More modernly, the rainbow is often divided into red, orange, yellow, green, cyan, blue and violet.\nTertiary color The terms for the RYB tertiary colors are not set. For the six RYB hues intermediate between the RYB primary and secondary colors, the names amber/marigold (yellow–orange), vermilion/cinnabar (red–orange), magenta (red–purple), violet (blue–purple), teal/aqua (blue-green), and chartreuse/lime green (yellow–green) are commonly found. The names for the twelve quaternary colors are more variable, if they exist at all, though indigo and scarlet are standard for blue–violet and red–vermilion.\nLithops meyeri The succulent plant grows with its leaves in pairs of two, with hardly any stem, and very low to the ground. The leaves can be a variety of colors, including yellow, green, grey, black, orange, purple and others.\nROY G BIV BBT The song's title refers to ROYGBIV, an acronym for the sequence of hues commonly described as making up a rainbow (red, orange, yellow, green, blue, indigo, and violet), plus the addition of BBT to represent black, brown and trans. Alaska Thunderfuck co-wrote the song and said:\nPurple In some textbooks of color theory, and depending on the geographical-cultural origin of the author, a purple is defined as any non-spectral color between violet and red (excluding violet and red themselves). The spectral colors violet and indigo would in that case not be purples. For other speakers of English, these colors are purples.\nROYGBIV ROYGBIV is an acronym for the sequence of hues commonly described as making up a rainbow: red, orange, yellow, green, blue, indigo, and violet. There are several mnemonics that can be used for remembering this color sequence, such as the name Roy G. Biv or sentences such as Richard of York Gave Battle in Vain.\nRuby Color: In the evaluation of colored gemstones, color is the most important factor. Color divides into three components: hue, saturation and tone. Hue refers to color as we normally use the term. Transparent gemstones occur in the pure spectral hues of red, orange, yellow, green, blue, violet. In nature, there are rarely pure hues, so when speaking of the hue of a gemstone, we speak of primary and secondary and sometimes tertiary hues. Ruby is defined to be red. All other hues of the gem species corundum are called sapphire. Ruby may exhibit a range of secondary hues, including orange, purple, violet, and pink.\nTheory of Colours These six qualities were assigned to four categories of human cognition, the rational (Vernunft) to the beautiful and the noble (red and orange), the intellectual (Verstand) to the good and the useful (yellow and green), the sensual (Sinnlichkeit) to the useful and the common (green and blue) and, closing the circle, imagination (Phantasie) to both the unnecessary and the beautiful (purple and red).\nIris camillae The flowers are in diameter, come in various colours, from violet, purple to pale blue, and also yellow, and occasionally bi-colour forms are found. Up to 16 colour forms or hybrids, have been found and noted.\nI Can Sing a Rainbow The song has been used to teach children names of colours. Despite the name of the song, two of the seven colours mentioned (red and yellow and green,pink and purple and orange and blue) – pink and purple – are not actually a colour of the rainbow (i.e. they are not spectral colors; pink is a variation of shade, and purple is the human brain's interpretation of mixed red/blue [see line of purples]). They are also not presented in order of the visible light spectrum.\n\n\nwhich are rainbow colours violet red orange purple indigo pink blue black white yellow green grey", "role": "user" }, { "content": "VIBGYOR - Violet Indigo Blue Green Yellow orange red", "role": "assistant" } ]

[ { "content": "Four Seasons (sculpture set) Winter is shown without produce and striving to warm himself because the temperate winter is cold and rather barren.\nSock Leg warmers, which are not typically socks, may be replaced with socks in cold climates and are similar to leggings due to the fact that they typically only keep your legs warm in cold weather but not the entire foot.\nPerennial plant Many vegetable plants can grow as perennials in tropical climates, but die in cold weather. Examples of some of the more completely perennial vegetables are:\nCold Weather Cold Weather was shot on location in Portland, Oregon, using the Red One camera. Additional scenes were shot at Cannon Beach and The Dalles, Oregon.\nCold Weather Cold Weather is a 2010 American mystery film directed by Aaron Katz and written by Katz, Brendan McFadden, and Ben Stambler. The film stars Cris Lankenau as a former forensic science student investigating the disappearance of his ex-girlfriend. The film was shot and set in Portland, Oregon. Cold Weather premiered at the South by Southwest Film Festival in March 2010 and was released in the United States by IFC Films in February 2011.\nWinter festival A winter festival, winter carnival, snow festival, or frost fair is an outdoor cold weather celebration that occurs in wintertime.\nRampur Jetha The summer, April–July is extremely hot and humid (28/40 deg C,90% Max.) and winter is cold, around 06/20 deg C.\nGugdar Weather is mild in summer and locals enjoy it. In contrast winter is very cold and harsh. Snow fall can also be seen in months of December and February. Most houses have no central heating, so nights can be very cold.\nIce sock Other mentions of ice socks include cold weather sock products to offer feet protection against cold weather, as well as ice melt socks to prevent ice dams on roofs.\nWeatherGens The WeatherGens were a group of twelve fictional human individuals broadcast as short segments at the conclusion of ITN news bulletins and were also used to introduce the ITV weather forecast. Each character represented the various moods of the weather: Nimbella (cloud and rain), Brellina (rain), Gilda (sunny), Shivera (cold weather), Crystella (snow), Florta (breezy), Norwin (wind and windswept), Cyan (cold weather conditions), Mirka (fog and mist), Frice (ice and frost), Helios (cloud and sun), and Aurora (dry and hot).\n\n\nWhat are some of the most common activities during winter in cold weather climates?", "role": "user" }, { "content": "Some common cold weather activities during winter months are: winter hiking, reading in-front of a warm fire, downhill and cross country skiing, enjoying a sauna with friends, going snowshoeing in the woods. During winter months many children enjoy: building snowmen, going sledding, having snowball fights, and warming up with hot cocoa.", "role": "assistant" } ]

[ { "content": "Cindy Robinson Cindy Robinson is an American voice actress who voices in animations and video games. Some of her major roles are Makoto Nanaya and Gii from the Blazblue series, Betty Boop in commercials, Queen Beryl in Sailor Moon, Chitose Nanbu in Ah My Buddha, Kukaku Shiba, Miyako Shiba, Jinta Hanakari (kid) and Kiyone Kotetsu in Bleach, Zola in the Blue Dragon series, Madeline Hatter in Ever After High Minerva and Hinoka in Fire Emblem. She also makes an uncredited appearance as the voice of the Purge Emergency Broadcast System in The Purge franchise.\nAmanda C. Miller Amanda Celine Miller is an American voice actress in audiobooks, commercials, English dubs for anime, animation and video games. Her major roles include Sailor Jupiter, in the Viz Media re-dub of the classic Sailor Moon series and the new Sailor Moon Crystal series, Junko Enoshima and Toko Fukawa in the Danganronpa video game series, Sully and Cherche in Fire Emblem Awakening, Takeru Aizawa in Squid Girl, and Boruto Uzumaki in . She was selected as the Breakthrough Actress of the Year by Behind The Voice Actors in their annual Dub Anime Awards for 2014.\nDark Kingdom In the anime series, her voice actress is Keiko Han. During recording, this contrast resulted in occasional fits of giggles among the cast when Han would change from Luna's cute, catlike voice to the deep, evil tones of Beryl. Sometimes, she would accidentally play Beryl with Luna's voice. In Sailor Moon Crystal, she is voiced by Misa Watanabe. In the DIC English adaptation, she is voiced by Naz Edwards, with Jill Frappier as a stand-in. In the Viz Media English adaptation, her voice is supplied by Cindy Robinson. In the stage musicals, Beryl has been played by two actresses: Yuri Nishina and Akiko Miyazawa (who previously played Sailor Venus). In the live-action series, she is portrayed by adult J-pop idol Aya Sugimoto.\nSandy Fox Sandra Marie Fox (née Kessler; born July 13, 1963) is an American voice actress who has had numerous roles in various animated cartoon, anime and video games. She portrayed the live-action Betty Boop and has provided her voice for Universal Studios and King Features Syndicate for much of their promotional activities and related media and merchandise since 1991. She began voice acting on various animated shows such as The Simpsons, King of the Hill and Futurama. Her first major roles in anime were as Kiyoko in the Animaze dub of Akira and Lady Aska in Magic Knight Rayearth. Other anime characters include Mina and Momiji in Naruto, Sumomo in Chobits, Tachikoma in , and Paiway in Vandread. In video game franchises, she provides the English voice of Mistral and A-20 in the .hack series, Peashy in Hyperdimension Neptunia, and Flonne in Disgaea. In cartoons, she voices Harmony in Hi Hi Puffy AmiYumi and Mipsy Mipson in As Told by Ginger. In 2014, she was announced as the voice of Chibiusa/Black Lady/Sailor Chibi Moon in the Viz Media dubs of Sailor Moon and Sailor Moon Crystal.\nNaz Edwards Naz Edwards (born Nazig Dombalagian (Western Armenian: Նազիգ Դոմբալագեան) on February 2, 1952) is an American voice actress, singer, and Broadway star who is most remembered as the voice of antagonist Queen Beryl in the DiC English version of Sailor Moon. She is of Armenian descent.\nBetty Boop Betty was first voiced by Margie Hines. Later, several different voice actresses performed the role, including Kate Wright, Bonnie Poe, Ann Rothschild (also known as Little Ann Little), and especially Mae Questel, who began voicing Betty Boop in Bimbo's Silly Scandals (1931), and continued with the role until 1938, returning 50 years later in Disney's Who Framed Roger Rabbit (1988). Today, Betty is voiced by Sandy Fox and Cindy Robinson.\nKate Higgins Higgins's major voice roles have been in English-language adaptations of Japanese anime, and she is best known as the voice of Sakura Haruno in Naruto and Talho Yuuki in Eureka 7. She has also voiced CC in Code Geass and Saber in the original Fate/stay night. Between 2010 and 2013, Higgins voiced Tails in the video game series Sonic the Hedgehog. She also voices Kate, Stinky, and Lilly in the Alpha and Omega sequels. In 2014, Higgins was cast as Ami Mizuno / Sailor Mercury in the Viz English dub of Sailor Moon. She voiced Purah in and in and Starla in Nick Jr.'s Blaze and the Monster Machines. She is the current voice of Princess Aurora since 2010, a Disney Princess character originally seen in Walt Disney’s Sleeping Beauty. She also played the voice of Frankie Stein in Monster High and Briar Beauty in Ever After High. She also starred as Barbie in Life in the Dreamhouse in 2012.\nMichelle Ruff Michelle Ruff is an American voice actress known for her work in anime and video games. In her early voice acting career, she used her mother's name, Georgette Rose, as a pseudonym. Some of her roles include Fujiko Mine in Lupin the Third, Chi in Chobits, Rukia Kuchiki in Bleach, Aoi Sakuraba in Ai Yori Aoshi, Elie in Rave Master, Nat in The Promised Neverland, Yuki Nagato in The Melancholy of Haruhi Suzumiya, Yoko Littner in Gurren Lagann, and Sinon in Sword Art Online. In video games, she is the voice of Jill Valentine in the Resident Evil series, Yukari Takeba and Sadayo Kawakami in the Persona series, Cream the Rabbit in the Sonic the Hedgehog series and Crimson Viper in the Street Fighter series.\nBlack Moon Clan She is voiced by Yuri Amano in Sailor Moon R and by Rumi Kasahara in Crystal. In the DiC English adaptation, her name is changed to Bertie and she is voiced by Kathleen Laskey. In the Viz Media English adaptation, she is voiced by Cindy Robinson. She is the only sister that does not appear in the first version of Ankoku no Princess Black Lady musical, but does she appear in the revision portrayed by Manami Wakayama.\nDeborah Gatton Deborah Gatton is an American voice actress of anime, animation and video games known for her distinctive loud voice.\n\n\nWho is Cindy Robinson?", "role": "user" }, { "content": "Cindy Robinson is an American voice actress best known for her role as Amy Rose in the Sonic the Hedgehog franchise since 2010.", "role": "assistant" } ]

[ { "content": "2021 FIFA Club World Cup Final Palmeiras were competing in the FIFA Club World Cup for the second consecutive time, having finished fourth in 2020. They reached the final for the first time after defeating Al Ahly, who had previously defeated them in the third place playoff in 2020.\nFIFA Club World Cup records and statistics Ramon Tribulietx has the record number of years as manager in the FIFA Club World Cup, taking part in 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014, 2015, 2016 and 2017.\n2020 Sociedade Esportiva Palmeiras season The 2020 season was the 106th in Sociedade Esportiva Palmeiras' existence. This season Palmeiras participated in the Campeonato Paulista, Copa Libertadores, Copa do Brasil and the Série A and also the FIFA Club World Cup.\n2012 FIFA Club World Cup Final The 2012 FIFA Club World Cup Final was the final match of the 2012 FIFA Club World Cup, an association football tournament hosted by Japan. It was the ninth final of the FIFA Club World Cup, a FIFA-organised tournament between the winners of the six continental confederations as well as the host nation's league champions.\n2011 FIFA Club World Cup Final The 2011 FIFA Club World Cup Final was the final match of the 2011 FIFA Club World Cup, an association football tournament hosted by Japan. It was the eighth final of the FIFA Club World Cup, a FIFA-organized tournament between the winners of the six continental confederations as well as the host nation's league champions.\n2017 FIFA Club World Cup Final Real Madrid won the match 1–0 via a goal from Cristiano Ronaldo for their third FIFA Club World Cup title. This was the first time a team had successfully defended the FIFA Club World Cup title, after Real won the previous year. The victory also marked the tenth time a UEFA team had won the Club World Cup.\n2021 Sociedade Esportiva Palmeiras season The 2021 season was the 107th in Sociedade Esportiva Palmeiras' existence. This season Palmeiras participated in the Campeonato Paulista, Copa Libertadores, Copa do Brasil, Série A, Recopa Sudamericana, Supercopa do Brasil and FIFA Club World Cup.\n2022 FIFA Club World Cup The 2022 FIFA Club World Cup will be the 19th edition of the FIFA Club World Cup, a FIFA-organised international club football tournament between the winners of the six continental confederations, as well as the host nation's league champions. The tournament will be held from 1 to 11 February 2023 in Morocco.\n2021 FIFA Club World Cup Final Palmeiras entered the tournament as the winners of the Copa Libertadores, defeating another Brazilian club Flamengo after extra time in the final, which took place a few days before the draw for the Club World Cup.\n2005 FIFA Club World Championship The 2005 FIFA Club World Championship (officially known as the FIFA Club World Championship Toyota Cup Japan 2005 for sponsorship reasons) was the second FIFA Club World Championship, a football competition organised by FIFA for the champion clubs of the six continental confederations. It was the first to be held after by the merger between the Intercontinental Cup and the FIFA Club World Championship (which had been played in a first edition in 2000).\n\n\nDoes Palmeiras have a Fifa club world cup?", "role": "user" }, { "content": "Despite many claims that Palmeiras won a club world cup in 1951, the official list of the Fifa World Club winners starts in the year 2000 with Corinthians being the first champion of the tournament and Palmeiras doesn't have won any Fifa World Cup tournament since.", "role": "assistant" } ]

[ { "content": "Gennady Lyachin Lyachin was born in Sarpinsky in Volgograd Oblast. He entered the Navy in 1972 and graduated from the Higher Naval School of Submarine Navigation named for Lenin Komsomol in 1977 and was commissioned as an officer. He served as a weapons officer aboard the diesel-electric Juliett class cruise missile submarine K-58. From 1984 to 1986, as Captain 3rd Rank, he served as the executive officer of the K-77, also a Juliett Class. In 1986 he attended Advanced Special Officers' Classes during which time he was promoted to Captain 2nd Rank.\nGennady Lyachin Lyachin was promoted to the rank of Captain 1st Rank in 1996 and given command of the Voronezh's sister ship, the ill-fated K-141 Kursk, the very last Project 949A submarine to be completed, which had been commissioned only two years earlier. When the Kursk sank on August 12, 2000, Lyachin perished along with the rest of the 117 crew members.\nGennady Lyachin Gennady Petrovich Lyachin (; 1 January 1955 – 12 August 2000) was a Russian navy officer. He was the commanding officer of the Russian submarine Kursk when the vessel suffered a series of explosions and sank on 12 August 2000.\nGennady Lyachin In April 1991, he was appointed executive officer of a nuclear submarine, the Project 949A Antey class (NATO reporting name Oscar-II) K-119 Voronezh and served aboard through 1996. He and the newly formed crew spent the time between September 1991 and March 1993 undergoing training in Obninsk.\nGennady Lyachin In October 1988, Lyachin received his first command, the K-304 also a Juliett class. He held this position until the K-304 was decommissioned after the fall of the Soviet Union in 1991.\nKursk submarine disaster The nuclear-powered Project 949A Antey (Oscar II class) submarine APL Kursk (Russian: ) sank in an accident on 12 August 2000 in the Barents Sea, during the first major Russian naval exercise in more than 10 years, and all 118 personnel on board were killed. The crews of nearby ships felt the initial explosion and a second, much larger explosion, but the Russian Navy did not realise that an accident had occurred and did not initiate a search for the sub for over six hours. The submarine's emergency rescue buoy had been intentionally disabled during an earlier mission and it took more than 16 hours to locate the sunken boat.\nRussian battlecruiser Pyotr Velikiy In August 2000, Pyotr Velikiy was in the Barents Sea to oversee the largest naval training exercise in a decade, since the fall of the Soviet Union. The ship was to be the designated target of the Oscar-II class submarine K-141 Kursk, and was conducting evasive maneuvers when communication with Kursk was lost. The submarine was later found to have suffered catastrophic torpedo detonations, resulting in the loss of all 118 crew members. Pyotr Velikiy guarded the area where the submarine sank during the subsequent salvage operation in 2001.\nRussian submarine Kursk (K-141) On 12 August 2000, K-141 Kursk was lost when it sank in the Barents Sea, killing all 118 personnel on board.\nIgor Spassky Spassky was the creator of the K-141 Kursk project, the last of the Oscar II class submarines built for the Russian navy. On August 12, 2000, a dummy torpedo aboard the submarine accidentally exploded and the submarine sank. Most of the crew died during the explosion, but 28 crew men remained alive for at least six hours afterward. Unfortunately, the rescuers were hampered by the slow and secretive military and government response. It was a week before they could get to the submarine site and then bad weather further slowed the recovery. By that time, the surviving crew had perished.\nVladimir Lvovich Kasatonov Between March 2000 to July 2005 Kasatonov was captain of the battlecruiser Pyotr Velikiy. It was during the Northern Fleet's annual exercises in the Barents Sea in August 2000 that the Oscar II-class submarine K-141 Kursk suffered a fatal accident and sank. The exercises, which began on 11 August, were the largest Russian naval exercises since the dissolution of the Soviet Union in 1991. More than thirty warships took part, overseen by the commander of the Northern Fleet, Admiral Vyacheslav Popov, with the Pyotr Velikiy as his flagship. On the morning of 12 August, the Kursk was scheduled to make a dummy torpedo attack on the Pyotr Velikiy. During preparations for the attack, the Kursk suffered an explosion and fire in her torpedo room, followed by a second larger explosion that sank her. Kasatonov's sonar operators aboard the Pyotr Velikiy reported the sounds of two explosions from the vicinity of the Kursk, and when the submarine failed to report in as scheduled, search operations began. At 4:30 AM local time, five hours after the search began, and sixteen hours after the submarine had sunk, Pyotr Velikiys sonar detected the wreck of the Kursk lying at some from Severomorsk. Rescue operations began, co-ordinated by Admiral Popov aboard the Pyotr Velikiy. By this time the survivors of the explosion were probably already dead. Kasatonov and the Pyotr Velikiy guarded the site of the wreck during rescue and then salvage efforts until October 2000.\n\n\nGiven a reference text about Gennady Petrovich Lyachin, tell me when he joined the navy and when he was decommissioned.", "role": "user" }, { "content": "Gennady Petrovich Lyachin joined the Navy in 1972 and was decommissioned in 1991 after the fall of the Soviet Union.", "role": "assistant" } ]

[ { "content": "Death of Freddie Mercury On 24 November 1991, British musician and Queen frontman Freddie Mercury died from bronchial pneumonia at his home in Kensington. He had exhibited HIV/AIDS symptoms as early as 1982 and was diagnosed with AIDS in 1987.\nFreddie Mercury: The Great Pretender Freddie Mercury: The Great Pretender is an Emmy/Rose d'Or award-winning 2012 feature-length documentary film about Queen singer Freddie Mercury and his attempt to forge a solo career. The film is a British venture co-produced by EMP and Mercury Songs for Eagle Rock Entertainment with Eagle Rock serving as distributor.\nSea Turtle Restoration Project In 2002 STRP began its Got Mercury? program to educate the public about mercury levels in seafood and to take action to reduce the public's exposure to methylmercury in seafood. Got Mercury? has tested mercury levels in fish found in sushi restaurants and found high levels of mercury in tuna Volunteers monitor restaurants and supermarkets to make sure they are in compliance with California's Proposition 65 law. Proposition 65 requires the posting of mercury in seafood consumer advisory warnings by seafood purveyors. Got Mercury? developed a free online mercury in seafood calculator that allows individuals to use the Environmental Protection Agency's calculations to estimate average mercury exposure levels by fish type and amount relative to a person's weight.\nThe Freddie Mercury Album The Freddie Mercury Album is a posthumous solo project with material from Queen frontman and vocalist Freddie Mercury released in 1992, to observe the anniversary of his death. The album is mainly made up of new remixes, as well as the original versions of Barcelona, Love Kills, Exercises in Free Love, and The Great Pretender. A week later, The Great Pretender, its US counterpart, was released.\nFreddie Roscoe In a Things You Didn't Know About Hollyoaks, it was mentioned that the character Freddie was named after singer Freddie Mercury.\nDeath of Freddie Mercury Freddie Mercury exhibited HIV/AIDS symptoms as early as 1982. Authors Matt Richards and Mark Langthorne have stated in their biographical book about Mercury, Somebody to Love: The Life, Death, and Legacy of Freddie Mercury, that Mercury secretly visited a doctor in New York City to get a white lesion on his tongue checked (which might have been hairy leukoplakia, one of the first signs of an infection) a few weeks before Queen's final American appearance with Mercury on Saturday Night Live on 25 September 1982. They also stated that he had associated with someone who was recently infected with HIV on the same day of their final US appearance, when he began to exhibit more symptoms.\nMercury Phoenix Trust After the death of Queen singer Freddie Mercury from AIDS-related causes in London in 1991, the remaining members of the band and Jim Beach, their manager, organised The Freddie Mercury Tribute Concert for AIDS Awareness, the proceeds of which were used to launch The Mercury Phoenix Trust. The organisation has been active ever since.\nFreddie Mercury Some believe Mercury was bisexual; for example, regarding the creation of Celebrate Bisexuality Day, Wendy Curry said: We were sitting around at one of the annual bi conventions, venting and someoneI think it was Gigisaid we should have a party. We all loved the great bisexual, Freddie Mercury. His birthday was in September, so why not Sept? We wanted a weekend day to ensure the most people would do something. Gigi's birthday was September 23rd. It fell on a weekend day, so, poof! We had a day. The Advocate said in May 2018, Closeted throughout his life, Mercury, who was bisexual, engaged in affairs with men but referred to a woman he loved in his youth, Mary Austin, as 'the love of his life,' according to the biography Somebody to Love: The Life, Death, and Legacy of Freddie Mercury. Additionally, according to an obituary Mercury was a self-confessed bisexual. The 2018 biopic of Mercury, Bohemian Rhapsody, received criticism for its portrayal of Mercury's sexuality, which was described as sterilized and confused, and was even accused of being dangerous.\nFreddie Mercury On 24 November 1997, a monodrama about Freddie Mercury's life, titled , opened in New York City. It presented Mercury in the hereafter: examining his life, seeking redemption and searching for his true self. The play was written and directed by Charles Messina and the part of Mercury was played by Khalid Gonçalves (né Paul Gonçalves) and then later, Amir Darvish. Billy Squier opened one of the shows with an acoustic performance of a song he had written about Mercury titled I Have Watched You Fly.\nRudi Dolezal Dolezal paid tribute to Mercury with his Freddie Mercury: The Untold Story, a Grammy-nominated documentary released in 2000. It was Dolezal's second Grammy Award nomination.\n\n\nHow many cats did Freddie Mercury have?", "role": "user" }, { "content": "Freddie Mercury had ten cats.", "role": "assistant" } ]

[ { "content": "Walter Koenig Koenig played Oro in two episodes of the Canadian science fiction television series The Starlost, which aired in 1973 on Canada's CTV television network. He filmed a few FMV sequences for a re-released copy of the game Star Trek Starfleet Academy for PCs.\nMind War Actor Walter Koenig, who played the recurring role of Psi Cop Alfred Bester, is best known for he portrayal of Pavel Chekov in the original Star Trek series and films. Koenig was originally offered the role of Knight Two in the episode 'And the Sky full of Stars', but was unable to do so because of health issues. Koenig was shifted to the role of Bester in this episode.\nWalter Koenig In September 2008, Koenig served as best man at the wedding of his Star Trek co-star George Takei to Brad Altman.\nWalter Koenig Koenig began playing Ensign Pavel Chekov, navigator on the USS Enterprise, in the original Star Trek television series in the second season, and continued in the role in all of the films featuring the original cast, including Star Trek Generations.\nPavel Chekov Walter Koenig portrayed Chekov in the second and third seasons of the original series and the first seven Star Trek films. Anton Yelchin portrayed the character in the 2009 Star Trek reboot film and two sequels, Star Trek Into Darkness and Star Trek Beyond. Both Yelchin and Koenig were born to Russian parents, but grew up in the United States, and both affected Russian accents for their roles.\nFedCon Starting with Walter Koenig, first guests were actors from the various Star Trek series, but later also included actors and co-workers from other series like Babylon 5, Battlestar Galactica, Star Wars, Buffy, Farscape, Andromeda, Stargate and . Other special guests attending the FedCon include authors, voice artists, scientists and astronauts.\nStar Trek fan productions A three-part mini-series directed by Tim Russ and starring several original Star Trek stars, including Nichelle Nichols and Walter Koenig. The first part was released in December 2007; parts 2 and 3 were released in 2008.\nWalter Koenig The Chekov character never appeared in the animated Star Trek. Though the show's producers had decided not to cast him for budgetary reasons, and purchased his script for an episode of the series titled The Infinite Vulcan, Koenig later confessed that he was upset at being left out of the cast. The Infinite Vulcan makes him the first cast member to write a Star Trek story for television.\nCultural influence of Star Trek The first television series with comparable storyline and set-up to Star Trek (aside from the genre rival Doctor Who) was the 1990s series Babylon 5. When pitching the series, the producer J. Michael Straczynski had hoped that television executives would think Trek had opened up the market for science-fiction on television. However, he was told that Star Trek only created a market for more Star Trek and that the prospects for non-Trek related science fiction were seen as bleak. Eventually, Babylon 5 was greenlit. Three script writers who had worked for the original Trek series were to write for Babylon 5 (including D. C. Fontana who had written for three different Trek series), and Star Trek actor Walter Koenig was cast in a recurring role. All this, and the strong similarities of the series' premise to invited comparison to Star Trek. In addition, Babylon 5 was the first television series since Star Trek to get nominated for or win the Hugo award for best science fiction drama, which had only recognized feature films in the media category since Star Trek. Gene Roddenberry's widow and Star Trek actress, Majel Barrett-Roddenberry, publicly stated that her decision to do a guest star appearance on Babylon 5 was to stop the feuding and bickering among hardline fans of the two series, which broke out occasionally at science fiction conventions. Ultimately, the series ran for its intended length of five seasons, making it the longest running American space oriented futuristic television series outside of the Star Trek franchise.\nWalter Koenig After Star Trek, and before the movies started, Koenig found some work as a writer. He submitted freelance scripts to a number of shows, and was the main writer on the show What Really Happened to the Class of '65?.\n\n\nWalter Koenig played which part in the Star Trek series", "role": "user" }, { "content": "Ensign Chekov", "role": "assistant" } ]

[ { "content": "Enterprise application integration Enterprise application integration (EAI) is the use of software and computer systems' architectural principles to integrate a set of enterprise computer applications.\nOpenadaptor Openadaptor is a lightweight open source Enterprise Application Integration (EAI) software toolkit. It provides a configurable component framework for connecting various disparate systems and middleware implementations, with little or no custom programming.\nEnterprise application integration Enterprise Application Integration is related to middleware technologies such as message-oriented middleware (MOM), and data representation technologies such as XML or JSON. Other EAI technologies involve using web services as part of service-oriented architecture as a means of integration. Enterprise Application Integration tends to be data centric. In the near future, it will come to include content integration and business processes.\nEnterprise application integration In 2003 it was reported that 70% of all EAI projects fail. Most of these failures are not due to the software itself or technical difficulties, but due to management issues. Integration Consortium European Chairman Steve Craggs has outlined the seven main pitfalls undertaken by companies using EAI systems and explains solutions to these problems.\nApplication Integration Architecture In computing, Application Integration Architecture (AIA) is an integration framework produced by Oracle Corporation.\nJustin Goldston Goldston began his career as a management consultant for organizations such as Iptor Supply Chain Systems, formerly International Business Systems (IBS) and Infor since before he joins his higher education. He spent the most of his career implementing Enterprise Resource Planning (ERP) systems within the industry, he transferred that experience to higher education where he wrote his doctoral thesis on critical success factors that was later published into a book entitled Critical Success Factors in Enterprise Resource Planning Implementation in U. S. Manufacturing.\nInstant messaging Standard complementary instant messaging applications offer functions like file transfer, contact list(s), the ability to hold several simultaneous conversations, etc. These may be all the functions that a small business needs, but larger organizations will require more sophisticated applications that can work together. The solution to finding applications capable of this is to use enterprise versions of instant messaging applications. These include titles like XMPP, Lotus Sametime, Microsoft Office Communicator, etc., which are often integrated with other enterprise applications such as workflow systems. These enterprise applications, or enterprise application integration (EAI), are built to certain constraints, namely storing data in a common format.\nOpenESB OpenESB is a Java-based open-source enterprise service bus. It can be used as a platform for both enterprise application integration and service-oriented architecture. OpenESB allows developers to integrate legacy systems, external and internal partners and new development in business processes. It supports a multitude of integration technologies including standard JBI (Java Business Integration), XML with support for XML Schemas, WSDL, and BPEL with the aim of simplicity, efficiency, long-term durability, and low TCO (Total Cost of Ownership).\nCritical success factor Critical success factors should not be confused with success criteria. The latter are outcomes of a project or achievements of an organization necessary to consider the project a success or the organization successful. Success criteria are defined with the objectives and may be quantified by key performance indicators (KPIs).\nZooamata Zooamata (animal friends) is a proposal for a clade of mammals uniting the Ferae (carnivores and pangolins) with the Perissodactyla (odd-toed ungulates).\n\n\nWrite critical success factors for a proposal to a company called ABC for an Enterprise Application Integration (EAI) effort", "role": "user" }, { "content": "CRITICAL SUCCESS FACTORS \nThe following factors will be critical to the successful integration of the ABC's Operational \nSupport Systems:\nProject Management – Strong project management and planning will ensure an \norganized and cohesive solution. Excellent communication, aggressive issue resolution \nmanagement, and planning materials will ensure deadlines are met, objectives remain \nfocused, and costs are managed. The variety of vendors, system and process owners \ninvolved in an EAI effort requires a significant coordination effort to ensure success.\n\nKnowledge of Telecommunications Operational Business Practices – ABC\nmust employ the services of an experienced Telecommunications consulting company to \nensure business needs are met during the OSS EAI effort. Understanding of ABC \nbusiness needs in implementing this EAI project is critical in ensuring the appropriate \nimplementation strategy and successful rollout of the integration.\n\nEnterprise Application Integration Expertise – It is critical that the selected vendor \nhave extensive experience in planning, designing, and developing integration \napproaches, architectures, and frameworks to integrate complex Telecommunication \nOSS systems.\n\nKnowledge Transfer – In order to maintain a consistent level of operation and support, \nit is critical that ABC employees are imparted with the necessary knowledge to \nsuccessfully transition into the primary roles that support their systems and future \nintegration efforts. Documentation, personal attention, and other resources are vital to \nthis knowledge transfer and critical to ABC’s ability to succeed as a growing service \nprovider.", "role": "assistant" } ]

[ { "content": "Mark Hunt Mark Richard Hunt (born 23 March 1974) is a New Zealand former mixed martial artist and kickboxer of Samoan descent, currently living in Sydney, Australia. Hunt competed in the Ultimate Fighting Championship (UFC) until 2018 and was the winner of the 2001 K-1 World Grand Prix. He is known as King of Walk-Offs due to his popularization of walking away and stopping attacks before the referee officially ends the match.\nUFC Fight Night: Lewis vs. Hunt A heavyweight bout between Derrick Lewis and the 2001 K-1 World Grand Prix winner and former interim title contender Mark Hunt served as the main event.\nUFC Fight Night: Hunt vs. Mir It was headlined by a heavyweight bout between the 2001 K-1 World Grand Prix and former interim title contender Mark Hunt and former two-time UFC Heavyweight Champion Frank Mir.\nSports in American Samoa Mixed martial arts is a growing sport among ethnic Samoans all over the world. Mixed martial artists of Samoan descent who have fought in the UFC are Mark Hunt, Max Holloway, Kendall Grove, Andre Fili, Robert Whittaker, Tyson Pedro, Falaniko Vitale and Kailin Curran. Both Whittaker and Grove are previous tournament winners of The Ultimate Fighter in the middleweight and welterweight divisions respectively. Max Holloway is the first fighter of Samoan descent to win a UFC world title. Outside of UFC, Mark Hunt has won the 2001 K-1 World Grand Prix. On September 24, 2016, Siala-Mou Siliga won the Road FC Openweight Tournament at Road FC 33. On February 25, 2018, Genah Fabian became the first woman of Samoan descent to win a WMC world title.\nRay Sefo Ray Sefo (born 15 February 1971) is a New Zealand fight promoter and retired kickboxer, boxer, and mixed martial artist of Samoan descent. He was the K-1 World Grand Prix 2000 Runner Up, is a six-time Muay Thai World Champion, and was an eight time K-1 World Grand Prix Finals tournament participant. He is the president of MMA promotion Professional Fighters League. In kickboxing, he defeated world champions Jerome Le Banner, Peter Aerts, Stefan Leko, Mike Bernardo, and Mark Hunt. He is widely considered to be one of the greatest heavyweight kickboxers to have never won the K-1 World Grand Prix.\nMarco Gigante Villela In 2013 Gigante worked extensively with K-1 World Grand Prix, Pride Fighting Championships and Ultimate Fighting Championship veteran Mark Hunt in preparation for his fight with Stefan Struve at . Gigante features in the Fuel TV (Australia) documentary Art of Fighting, which chronicles Hunt's fight with Struve in Japan.\nRaphael Pessoa Raphael Pessoa (born March 9, 1989) is a Brazilian mixed martial artist who competes in the Heavyweight division of Absolute Championship Akhmat (ACA). He also formerly competed in the Ultimate Fighting Championship (UFC).\nMark Hunt Hunt is known for having a strong chin. This was shown in his bout against Mirko Cro Cop in K-1 World Grand Prix 2002 in Nagoya, in which he went the distance with the Croatian in spite of being hit by one of Cro Cop's famous headkicks in the third round. Hunt fought Cro Cop a second time in Pride Shockwave 2005 and won by decision.\nAndreas Michailidis Andreas Michailidis (, born July 18, 1988) is a Greek mixed martial artist who competes in the Welterweight division. He has competed in the Ultimate Fighting Championship (UFC) and Bellator MMA.\nMark Hunt On 17 December 2002, Mark Hunt returned to defend his K-1 World Grand Prix Championship. In quarter finals, entering the third round and behind on all scorecards, Mark was able to connect with a right cross that knocked out Stefan Leko and advanced him to the semi-finals against his career long nemesis Jerome Le Banner. Despite knocking down the Frenchman at the end of the third round, Hunt lost the fight by decision. It would to be his last K-1 World Grand Prix appearance.\n\n\nExtract the reason why was Mark Hunt known as the King of Walk Offs", "role": "user" }, { "content": "Mark Hunt was a mixed martial artist and kickboxer who would walk away and stop his attacks before the referee officially ended the match.", "role": "assistant" } ]

[ { "content": "Merrimac Butte Monitor Butte is situated immediately east of Merrimac Butte. The two buttes were named after the Monitor and Merrimack, two ironclad steamships known for clashing during the American Civil War. They can be seen from Highway 313 after it climbs out of Sevenmile Canyon en route to the Island in the Sky section of Canyonlands National Park or Dead Horse Point State Park.\nMerrimac Butte Merrimac Butte is a sandstone summit located in Grand County, Utah, United States, about 12 miles northwest of the town of Moab. Merrimac Butte is a thin, 200–600-foot-wide and 1,600-foot-long east-to-west butte with 200-foot-tall vertical Entrada Sandstone walls overlaying a Carmel Formation base.\nElaterite Butte Elaterite Butte is a elevation summit located in The Maze District of Canyonlands National Park, in Wayne County, Utah. Elaterite Butte is situated southwest of Ekker Butte, and the Maze Overlook is situated to the northeast. Elaterite Butte is composed of hard, fine-grained Wingate Sandstone, which is the remains of wind-borne sand dunes deposited approximately 200 million years ago in the Late Triassic. This Wingate sandstone overlays a 432-foot thick layer of the softer Chinle Formation. The top of this geological formation rises over 1,400 feet above Elaterite Basin. The butte and basin are named for elaterite, which is a dark brown, tar-like, elastic mineral resin that seeps from parts of the nearby White Rim Sandstone. Access to the remote butte is via a four-wheel drive road in Elaterite Basin. Precipitation runoff from Elaterite Butte drains into the nearby Green River, which in turn is within the Colorado River drainage basin.\nAztec Butte Aztec Butte is a sandstone summit, elevation , located in the Island in the Sky District of Canyonlands National Park, in San Juan County, Utah. Aztec Butte is composed of white cross-bedded Navajo Sandstone, which is the remains of wind-borne sand dunes deposited approximately 170 million years ago during the Jurassic Period. It resembles the Pyramid of the Sun in Mexico, which was built by the Aztecs.\nGunsight Butte Gunsight Butte is a 4,678-foot (1,426 meter) elevation sandstone summit located in Glen Canyon National Recreation Area, in Kane County of southern Utah. It is situated northeast of the town of Page. Gunsight Butte is an island that towers nearly 1,000 feet above Lake Powell when the lake is full. This iconic landmark of the Lake Powell area is a butte composed primarily of Entrada Sandstone, similar to Padres Butte to the east-southeast, and Dominguez Butte to the southeast. The Entrada Sandstone of Gunsight Butte is overlain by Romana Sandstone, and capped by Morrison Formation. The Entrada Sandstone, which was originally deposited as sandy mud on a tidal flat, is believed to have formed about 160 million years ago during the Jurassic period as a giant sand sea, the largest in Earth's history. According to the Köppen climate classification system, Gunsight Butte is located in an arid climate zone with hot, very dry summers, and chilly winters with very little snow.\nGregory Butte Gregory Butte is a 4,651-foot (1,418 meter) elevation sandstone summit located in Glen Canyon National Recreation Area, in San Juan County of southern Utah. It is situated northeast of Tower Butte, and northeast of the town of Page. This iconic landmark of the Lake Powell area towers nearly 1,000 feet above the lake. Before Lake Powell was formed in the 1970s, this butte was set within a meander of the Colorado River. Gregory Butte is a butte composed of Entrada Sandstone. This sandstone, which was originally deposited as sandy mud on a tidal flat, is believed to have formed about 160 million years ago during the Jurassic period as a giant sand sea, the largest in Earth's history. This geographical feature's name was officially adopted in 1977 by the U.S. Board on Geographic Names. According to the Köppen climate classification system, Gregory Butte is located in an arid climate zone with hot, very dry summers, and chilly winters with very little snow. Geologist Herbert E. Gregory (1869–1952), mapped much of the bedrock geology of the Colorado Plateau, particularly in geologic monographs concentrating on what is now Navajo Nation land in northern Arizona and southern Utah where this butte is located.\nRoof Butte Roof Butte ( Roof shaped mountain on the run) is a peak in the Chuska Mountains in Arizona, United States. Roof Butte is the highest peak of the Chuska Mountains which run in a north-northwest direction across the Arizona-New Mexico border. Roof Butte is a visible butte for miles around. The butte has an elevation of . A manned-lookout tower is located on Roof Butte. Two funnel shaped explosion volcanic pipes formed the flattish summit of Roof Butte, and a low lava dome caps one nearby peak.\nTower Butte Tower Butte is a 5,287-foot (1,611 meter) elevation sandstone summit located south of Lake Powell, in northern Arizona. Tower Butte is a butte composed of Romana and Entrada Sandstones with a Morrison Formation caprock. It is situated northeast of the town of Page, and 7.5 miles (12.1 km) north of LeChee Rock, on Navajo Nation land, towering over 1,000 feet above the surrounding terrain as an iconic landmark of the area. Precipitation runoff from this feature drains into Lake Powell, which is part of the Colorado River drainage basin. The first ascent of Tower Butte was made October 23, 1994, by Jason Keith and David Insley. However, they were not the first to visit the summit as they reported finding litter from prior helicopter landings. An outfit operating out of Page flies helicopter sightseeing flights which land on the flat top of the butte where tourists have panoramic views of the Glen Canyon National Recreation Area, Lake Powell, and Navajo Mountain.\nUtah State Route 313 The Knoll, a nearby mountain, is visible as the highway makes a turn to the north. The route has left Dead Horse Point State Park by now, and progresses northward through Grand County. At the intersection with Little Canyon Road, SR-313 turns to the northwest once again. However, this pattern straightens out to a northward one. At Gemini Bridges Road, the route turns to the opposite direction, heading to the northwest. The highway continues along in this direction for some time, passing Mineral Bottom Road, and drops down in elevation. The route makes a hairpin turn in the mountains, entering the South Fork of the Sevenmile Canyon. While traversing the canyon there are several view areas along the highway overlooking both Sevenmile canyon, Dead Horse Point, and two rock formations called the Monitor and Merrimac Butte, both named after warships in the American Civil War. Running along the canyon, SR-313 terminates at an intersection with U.S. Route 191 about north of Moab.\nAires Butte Aires Butte is a summit located in Zion National Park, in Washington County of southwest Utah, United States. It is composed of white Navajo Sandstone, and rises 1,100-feet (335 meters) above the Zion – Mount Carmel Highway. Aires Butte is situated east-northeast of Ant Hill, north of Nippletop, and northwest of Checkerboard Mesa. Precipitation runoff from this mountain drains into tributaries of the Virgin River.\n\n\nMonitor and Merrimac refer to what in the passage?", "role": "user" }, { "content": "Monitor and Merrimac are two buttes which sit next to one another in Utah, U.S. These names are taken from two ironclad streamships of the American Civil War.", "role": "assistant" } ]

[ { "content": "Standing desk A standing desk or stand-up desk is a desk conceived for writing, reading or drawing while standing up or while sitting on a high stool.\nStanding desk While height of most seated desks is standardized, standing desks are made in many different heights ranging from . Ideally the height of a standing desk fits the height of its individual user. With seated desks, adjusting the height relative to the user can be accomplished by adjusting the height of the user's chair. However, because users of a standing desk move around more than when seated, using a pedestal to adjust the user's height is not practical.\nStanding desk To solve this issue, a standing desk may either be custom-made, to suit the height of the user, or made with adjustable parts. For writing or drafting, the angle or slant of the surface may be adjustable, with a typical drawing table or table à la tronchin. If the desk is made for computer use, the legs may be adjustable. Another option is a platform made to sit on top of a regular seated desk that raises the desk's surface to a useful height for standing. Such platforms may be fixed height or adjustable.\nMoore desk The Moore Insurance Desk is nearly twice as big as the Office Queen and combines a standing desk and a normal sitting desk in a single piece of furniture. It was patented in 1882. Like the Office Queen it opens up by means of a single large door, and its internal work surface slides in and out. But it also has an external work surface to accommodate a standing user, on the other side of the desk. The standing user employs the roof of the desk of the sitting user as his (or her) work surface.\nStanding desk Some antique standing desks have an open frame with drawers, and a foot rail (similar to those seen at a bar) to reduce back pain. A hinged desktop could be lifted in order to access a small cabinet underneath it so that the user could store or retrieve papers and writing implements without needing to bend over or stand back from the desk.\nStanding wheelchair A standing wheelchair (also known as a standing chair, a wheeled stander or a stander) is assistive technology, similar to a standing frame, that allows a wheelchair user to raise the chair from a seated to a standing position. The standing wheelchair supports the person in a standing position and enables interaction with people and objects at eye level.\nStanding desk Standing desks have been made in many styles and variations. Standing desks may be specialized to suit particular tasks, such as certain variations of the telephone desk and desks for architectural drafting. Some standing desks may only be used while standing while others allow users to sit or stand by adjusting the desk height with an electric motor, hand crank, or counterbalance system. Some desks are also constructed like teacher's lecterns, allowing them to be set on top of an existing desk for standing, or removed for sitting.\nLectern desk The antique is basically a lectern fitted with the conveniences needed to make writing easy, such as room for paper and writing implements. In a sense, it is a specialised and rarer form of standing desk. The term is sometimes used for large standing desks.\nComputer desk The ergonomic desk is a modern desk form which, like the adjustable drawing table or drafting table, offers mechanical adjustments for the placement of its elements in order to maximize user comfort and efficiency. The ergonomic desk is usually a stand-alone piece of furniture allowing access to the adjustment mechanisms. Some ergonomic desks have a sufficiently large desktop height adjustment to create either a common sit-down desk or a less common standing desk, which allows the user to work while standing. The ergonomic desk is usually a close companion to the ergonomic chair.\nCloud Busting Mr Mackie, the teacher, assigns the homework to the class: to write a poem. Sam wants to write his poem about Davey. Alex, his ex-best friend, mocks him for doing so. Sam quotes:\n\n\nCould you write a poem about a standing desk?", "role": "user" }, { "content": "The Standing Desk\n\n\nTwo doors down\nStanding in the corner\nLooking out the window \nIs your desk\nBack turned\nWailing at all of us\nWondering why we can’t hear it\nWhispering sometimes with secrets for the room\n\nWhen the door closes, it is particularly loud \nScreaming, screaming mad\nAngry and lonely \nMoaning now for us to find its partner \nGroaning now for why, why, why\nAnd only when it hears the occupants in the room questioning and turning to stare is it mollified \n\nWe unplugged it to keep it quiet\nLeft it tall and high at the position you liked best\nChair tucked neatly under\nGleaming clean and bear, beckoning for the next master \nAnd when everyone is busy \nMeeting our many meetings\nIt hums softly (usually that same song you taught it), seemingly content and happy \n\nPeople enter, come and go\nAnd the Observer watches and waits for a pause \nWanting to insert something weird and funny\nI glare at it when I come in\nIt knows, I know.\nI know, I know! Shhhhhh! \n“We’re working on it,” I say\nIt raises a brow at me \nI roll my eyes at it and shake my head\n“Not enough!”, it throws at me as I slink out walking backwards \n\nSearching, I stay out of sight\nLooking for its new companion\nSpecs on hand, omissions at the back of my throat\nSomeone smart, yet dumb enough\nSomeone commanding, yet submissive\nSomeone current, yet mature\nSomeone good but not too much \n“Someone who will stay,” the desk whispers hopefully \n\nI grimace and say: \n“I’ll take someone tall enough for the desk!”\n\nIt taunts and laughs at me\nWhile the memories flood in \nAnd I start to laugh too\nAnd the desk and I share a grin \n\n“Not funny,” I say\nThe desk shrugs and finally stays quiet \n\nOne day, when everyone was gone, I sneak in and stand before it \nPower it up and press the down button so I can rest my elbows on its smooth surface \nAnd I look out the dark window\nIn unison, we share a heavy sigh \nChoked up, I whisper: “A new person will be here soon and I’ll be gone.\nWatch over everyone, will you?”\nThe desk nods quietly, lump in throat \n\nI take an orange sticker and press it gently underneath as a reminder of its promise \nAnd then walk two doors down to add one to my own desk before heading home for the night\nAs the elevator takes me down, the desk scans the empty office, takes a deep breath, and stands at the ready, a white knight brave but trembling, and starts humming your song.", "role": "assistant" } ]

[ { "content": "Fantastic Beasts and Where to Find Them Fantastic Beasts and Where to Find Them (often referred to as simply Fantastic Beasts) is a 2001 guide book written by British author J. K. Rowling (under the pen name of the fictitious author Newt Scamander) about the magical creatures in the Harry Potter universe. The original version, illustrated by the author herself, purports to be Harry Potter's copy of the textbook of the same name mentioned in Harry Potter and the Philosopher's Stone (or Harry Potter and the Sorcerer's Stone in the US), the first novel of the Harry Potter series. It includes several notes inside it supposedly handwritten by Harry, Ron Weasley, and Hermione Granger, detailing their own experiences with some of the beasts described, and including inside-jokes relating to the original series.\nJaana Kapari-Jatta Jaana Marjatta Kapari-Jatta (born 19 May 1955, in Turku) is a Finnish translator of fiction, best known for her Finnish-language renderings of the Harry Potter novels and supplementary books by J. K. Rowling, including Harry Potter and the Cursed Child. In her translations of Fantastic Beasts and Where to Find Them and Quidditch Through the Ages, she used the pseudonym “Kurvaa Aka (Whoss Gue)”.\n23rd Young Artist Awards ★ Rupert Grint (England) - Ron Weasley from Warner Brothers' Harry Potter and the Sorcerer's Stone\nAlchemy in art and entertainment Harry potter novels were adapted to films, these include; Harry Potter and the Philosopher's Stone, Harry Potter and the Chamber of Secrets, Harry Potter and the Prisoner of Azkaban, Harry Potter and the Goblet of Fire, Harry Potter and the Order of the Phoenix, Harry Potter and the Half-Blood Prince, Harry Potter and the Deathly Hallows – Part 1, Harry Potter and the Deathly Hallows – Part 2.\nHarry Potter and the Philosopher's Stone (film) Harry Potter and the Philosopher's Stone (released in the United States, India and the Philippines as Harry Potter and the Sorcerer's Stone) is a 2001 fantasy film directed by Chris Columbus and distributed by Warner Bros. Pictures, based on 1997 novel of the same name. Produced by David Heyman and written by Steve Kloves, it is the first instalment of the Harry Potter film series. The film stars Daniel Radcliffe as Harry Potter, with Rupert Grint as Ron Weasley, and Emma Watson as Hermione Granger. Its story follows Harry's first year at Hogwarts School of Witchcraft and Wizardry as he discovers that he is a famous wizard and begins his formal wizarding education.\nLego Harry Potter Lego Harry Potter is a Lego theme based on the films of the Harry Potter series. It is licensed from Warner Bros. Lego models of important scenes, vehicles and characters were made for the first six films and all of the published books. The first sets appeared in 2001, to coincide with the release of the first film, Harry Potter and the Philosopher's Stone. Subsequent sets were released alongside the new films, until Harry Potter and the Order of the Phoenix. The line then went dormant for three years, with sets being released in 2010 and 2011. In 2018, it was announced that more sets based on the Harry Potter franchise would be released, including new sets based on Fantastic Beasts and Where to Find Them and its sequel, .\nHarper Marshall Harper Page Marshall is an English voice actress. She is known for her role as Hermione Granger in the video games of Harry Potter and the Philosopher's Stone, Harry Potter and the Chamber of Secrets, Harry Potter and the Prisoner of Azkaban, Harry Potter and the Goblet of Fire and Harry Potter and the Order of the Phoenix. She also provided the voice for Malice: A Kat's Tale.\nJonathan Hansler Hansler provided the voice of Lucius Malfoy and other characters in three of the Harry Potter video games; Harry Potter and the Order of the Phoenix, Harry Potter and the Half-Blood Prince and Harry Potter and the Deathly Hallows – Part 1.\nHarry Potter (film series) Harry Potter is a film series based on the eponymous novels by J. K. Rowling. The series is produced and distributed by Warner Bros. Pictures and consists of eight fantasy films, beginning with Harry Potter and the Philosopher's Stone (2001) and culminating with Harry Potter and the Deathly Hallows – Part 2 (2011). A spin-off prequel series, planned to consist of five films, started with Fantastic Beasts and Where to Find Them (2016), marking the beginning of the Wizarding World shared media franchise.\nHarry Potter and the Order of the Phoenix (film) Harry Potter and the Order of the Phoenix is a 2007 fantasy film directed by David Yates and distributed by Warner Bros. Pictures. It is based on J. K. Rowling's 2003 novel of the same name. The fifth instalment in the Harry Potter film series, it was written by Michael Goldenberg (making this the only film in the series not to be scripted by Steve Kloves) and produced by David Heyman and David Barron. The film stars Daniel Radcliffe as Harry Potter, alongside Rupert Grint and Emma Watson as Harry's best friends Ron Weasley and Hermione Granger. Its story follows Harry's fifth year at Hogwarts School of Witchcraft and Wizardry as the Ministry of Magic is in denial of Lord Voldemort's return. The film is the sequel to Harry Potter and the Goblet of Fire (2005) and is followed by Harry Potter and the Half-Blood Prince (2009).\n\n\nClassify each of the following as either titles by J.K. Rowling or Suzanne Collins: Harry Potter and the Sorcerer's Stone, The Ickabog, Fantastic Beasts and Where to Find Them, The Cuckoo's Calling, Harry Potter and the Order of the Phoenix, Catching Fire, Mockingjay, Gregor the Overlander, Year of the Jungle, The Ballad of Songbirds and Snakes", "role": "user" }, { "content": "J.K. Rowling: Harry Potter and the Sorcerer's Stone, The Ickabog, Fantastic Beasts and Where to Find Them, The Cuckoo's Calling, Harry Potter and the Order of the Phoenix\nSuzanne Collins: Catching Fire, Mockingjay, Gregor the Overlander, Year of the Jungle, The Ballad of Songbirds and Snakes", "role": "assistant" } ]

[ { "content": "City government in Washington (state) Legally, a city in Washington can be described primarily by its class. There are five classes of cities in Washington:\nCity government in Washington (state) A city in Washington can be described secondarily by its form of government. Cities and towns are specifically authorized three forms of government:\nWashington State Fair The Washington State Fair, formerly the Puyallup Fair, is the largest single attraction held annually in the U.S. state of Washington. It continually ranks in the top ten largest fairs in the United States and includes agricultural and pastoral displays and shows, amusement rides, and concert series. The Washington State Fair hosts two annual events: the 21-day Washington State Fair in September, and the four-day Washington State Spring Fair in April.\nWestern Washington Western Washington is a region of the United States defined as the area of Washington state west of the Cascade Mountains. This region is home to the state's largest city, Seattle, the state capital, Olympia, and most of the state's residents. The climate is generally far more damp and temperate than that of Eastern Washington.\nWashington State Capitol After Olympia became capital city of the Washington Territory in 1853, the city's founder, Edmund Sylvester, gave the legislature of land upon which to build the capitol, located on a hill overlooking what is now known as Capitol Lake. A two-story wood-frame building was constructed on the site, where the legislature met starting in 1854. When President Benjamin Harrison approved Washington's state constitution in 1889, he donated of federal lands to the state with the stipulation that income from the lands was to be used solely for construction of the state capitol.\nWashington State Book Award When the Governor's Writers Awards was established in 1967, it was based at the Washington State Library in Olympia. In 2001, the Washington Center for the Book based at the Seattle Public Library took over the administration of the program, renaming it as the Washington State Book Awards.\nLatvia The largest city in Latvia is Riga, the second largest city is Daugavpils and the third largest city is Liepaja.\nWashington (state) Washington (), officially the State of Washington, is a state in the Pacific Northwest region of the Western United States. Named for George Washington—the first U.S. president—the state was formed from the western part of the Washington Territory, which was ceded by the British Empire in 1846, by the Oregon Treaty in the settlement of the Oregon boundary dispute. The state is bordered on the west by the Pacific Ocean, Oregon to the south, Idaho to the east, and the Canadian province of British Columbia to the north. It was admitted to the Union as the 42nd state in 1889. Olympia is the state capital; the state's largest city is Seattle. Washington is often referred to as Washington state to distinguish it from the nation's capital, Washington, D.C.\nKibos Kibos is a neighborhood in the city of Kisumu, the third largest city in Kenya, and the second largest city, after Kampala, Uganda, in the Lake Victoria basin.\nMarysville, Washington Marysville is a city in Snohomish County, Washington, United States, part of the Seattle metropolitan area. The city is located north of Seattle, adjacent to Everett on the north side of the Snohomish River delta. It is the second-largest city in Snohomish County after Everett, with a population of 70,714 at the time of the 2020 U.S. census. , Marysville was also the fastest-growing city in Washington state, growing at an annual rate of 2.5 percent.\n\n\nWhat is the largest city in Washington state?", "role": "user" }, { "content": "Seattle", "role": "assistant" } ]

[ { "content": "Zimmer tower This dial shows the exact date. The numbering goes to 31, the maximum number of days in a month. In months that have fewer days (28, 29 or 30), the hand automatically moves forward to the first day of the following month. The months with 31 days are January, March, May, July, August, October and December, the months with 30 days are April, June, September and November. February is the only month with less than 30 days. February has only 28 days (29 days in leap years).\nHanke–Henry Permanent Calendar Under the Hanke–Henry Permanent Calendar January, February, April, May, July, August, October, and November have thirty days, while March, June, September, and December have thirty-one so that each quarter contains two 30-day months followed by one month of 31 days (30:30:31). While the Hanke–Henry Permanent Calendar changes the length of the months, the week and days remain the same.\nNagdih The lowest winter temperatures in nagdih are around . The winter months are December and January. Average high temperatures in the summer are around . April to mid June are the hottest months. The monsoon months of June, July, August, and September see heavy rainfall. October and November and February and March have a pleasant climate.\nSammanthurai Being close to the equator, Sammanthurai enjoys a tropical wet and dry climate. Summer prevails in the months of May, June, July, and August. Days in June are the hottest period, with temperatures regularly reaching 30 °C. Monsoons occur in November, December and January. Sammanthurai receives most of its rainfall from the Northeast Monsoon.\nSadhoke Summer starts here in May and ends in September. There are the months of summer: May, June, July, August, September.\nTank Subdivision The region experiences hot summers and cold winters. The summer season is from April to October with June, July and August as the hottest months. The winter season is from November to March with December, January and February as the coldest months.\nArangadi The southwest monsoon starts towards the end of May, or the beginning of June, heralded by thunderstorms, and lasts till September. October brings in the northeast monsoon. Dry weather sets in by the end of December. January and February are the coolest months of the year. March, April and May are very hot.\nKanhangad south The southwest monsoon starts towards the end of May, or the beginning of June, heralded by thunderstorms, and lasts till September. October brings in the northeast monsoon. Dry weather sets in by the end of December. January and February are the coolest months of the year. March, April and May are very hot.\nTandlianwala The summer season starts from April and continues until October. May, June and July are the hottest months. The winter season starts from November and continues until March. December, January and February are the coldest months. The average yearly rainfall lies only at about and is highly seasonal, with approximately half of the yearly rainfall in the two months July and August.\nPachapaqui Due to its altitude it is located in the Suni or Jalca region according to Javier Pulgar Vidal. The climate is mild and cold with annual temperature of 12 °C, dry during the months of May to October, precipitation from October to April. There may be some frost in June July and August. The rainy season is from December to March. It is characterized by heavy rainfall and occurrences of fog that can stay in the valleys all day long. There is frost in the months from July to September. The rest of the year is dry with mostly sunny days. However, in July and August there may be short rains and clouds.\n\n\nTell me which months have 30 days and which have 31 days, based on this list: January, February, March, April, May, June, July, August, September, October, November, and December.", "role": "user" }, { "content": "Months that have 30 days are: April, June, September and November.\nMonths that have 31 days are: January, March, May, July, August, October and December.", "role": "assistant" } ]

[ { "content": "Fort Benning Main Post Cemetery The first recorded interment occurred on 13 December 1922. Other burials at the cemetery include forty-four German and seven Italian prisoners of war who died at nearby detention camps during World War II, as well as four allied Chinese pilots. As of July 2022, there are three Medal of Honor recipients and twenty general officers interred at the cemetery.\nPietà Military Cemetery The first British serviceman buried at the cemetery was a group of British soldiers buried in 1866. The majority of those interred and remembered at the cemetery are casualties of the two World Wars (but mainly the First World War), many in communal graves. The last identifiable servicemen or dependant buried at the site is hard to ascertain as this is a mixed civilian and military cemetery.\nGerman prisoners of war cemetery (Baku) The German prisoners of war cemetery (), also known as the German soldiers’ cemetery () is a cemetery of the German prisoners of war located in the Yasamal district of Baku. There are 90 graves in the cemetery. Also on the territory of the cemetery there is a monument in the form of a black cross.\nDietkirchen The camp cemetery was reused during World War II for Soviet prisoners of war who had died in the camp “Stammlager XII in Diez. By the end of World War II, the number of Russian and Soviet soldiers buried there increased to an estimated 945. For that reason, the cemetery is locally known as the Russian cemetery.\nItalian prisoners of war in the First World War The main camps where Italian prisoners were held were at Mauthausen, Sigmundsherberg and Theresienstadt (Bohemia) in Austria-Hungary and Celle (Hanover) and Rastatt (Baden) in Germany.\nFort Devens Fort Devens has a cemetery which has the graves of U.S. military personnel, their dependents and about 20 German and Italian prisoners of war who died there either during or shortly after World War II. A number of graves predate the fort's establishment as they were relocated after the closure of several coast defense forts in Boston Harbor after World War II.\nGroßer Gleichberg According to official death lists, by the end of March 1944, 44 prisoners had been buried in the lower forest cemetery on the eastern slopes of the Großer Gleichberg, 64 prisoners had been interred at the upper cemetery and a further 61 prisoners at the municipal cemetery where there is a monument in a commemorative grove.\nWorld War I prisoners of war in Germany Italian prisoners, most of whom were held in Austrian camps, were repatriated in disorganised fashion. In November 1918, some 500,000 prisoners were placed under quarantine in Italian camps; the operations were finished in January 1919.\nLong Island National Cemetery A section of the cemetery has the interments of World War II prisoners of war, including 37 Germans and 54 Italians. There are also 35 British Commonwealth servicemen buried here from the same war.\nFort Sam Houston National Cemetery Interred at the Fort Sam Houston National Cemetery are 140 Axis prisoners of war (POWs) from World War II who died in captivity. 133 are German, 4 are Italian, and 3 are Japanese. These POWs were disinterred from various Texas prisoner of war camps and reburied at Fort Sam Houston National Cemetery. Among these POWs is Hugo Krauss, a German murdered by fellow German POWs at Camp Hearne in 1943. When originally interred, these graves were isolated from the American graves.\n\n\nList down important points about prisoners and events from the given passage", "role": "user" }, { "content": "1. On December 13, 1922, the first known interment took place.\n2. At the nearby detention centre during World War 2, 44 German and 7 Italian prisoners died and were buried there.\n3. Four Chinese pilots are also interred at the cemetery beside these POWs.\n4. Twenty general officers and three Medal of Honor recipients are buried at the cemetery as of July 22.", "role": "assistant" } ]

[ { "content": "Toxicofera The world's largest venomous lizard and the largest species of venomous land animal is the Komodo dragon.\nReligion in West Bengal Religion in West Bengal is composed of diversified beliefs and practices. As per as 2011 census, Hinduism is the largest and biggest religion practiced by native Bengalis in the state, followed by Islam which is the second largest and biggest minority religion in the state. Smaller percentage of people adheres to Christianity, Buddhism, Jainism, Sikhism, Animism, Zoroastrianism & Judaism.\nLargest prehistoric animals The largest ceratopsian known is Triceratops horridus, along with the closely related Eotriceratops xerinsularis both with estimated lengths of . Pentaceratops and several other ceratopsians rival them in size. Titanoceratops had one of the longest skull of any land animal, at long.\nLargest organisms Among animals, the largest species are all marine mammals, specifically whales. The blue whale is believed to be the largest animal to have ever lived. The largest land animal classification is also dominated by mammals, with the African bush elephant being the largest of these.\nGreat bison belt The bison is the largest land animal in North America. It can weigh up to a ton, and once inhabited the entire length of the Great Bison Belt. English colonists saw bison for the first time by the Potomac River.\nWhite Oak Conservation The white rhinoceros is the biggest of the five rhino species, and it ranks as the third largest land animal behind the elephants. Depopulation had reduced its range to the southern tip of Africa, but reintroduction efforts have spread it farther north. It is classified as nearly threatened, with an estimated population of about 22,000 in the wild.\nMartin Fire Martin Fire was a wildfire in northern Nevada, United States, that started on Monday, July 05, 2018. The fire burned a total area of 439,230 acres. It was the largest fire in Nevada's history, and one of the biggest in the U.S. The blaze destroyed six ranches, grazing land, and animal habitats.\nWhite horses in mythology In Greek mythology, the white winged horse Pegasus was the son of Poseidon and the gorgon Medusa. Poseidon was also the creator of horses, creating them out of the breaking waves when challenged to make a beautiful land animal.\nThomson's gazelle Thomson's gazelles can be found in numbers exceeding 200,000 in Africa and are recognized as the most common type of gazelle in East Africa. A small fast antelope, the Thomson's gazelle is claimed to have top speeds up to . It is the fourth-fastest land animal, after the cheetah (its main predator), pronghorn, and springbok.\nIndrik In the Dove Book and Russian folklore, the Indrik-Beast (Russian: Индрик-зверь, transliteration: Indrik zver' ) is a fabulous beast, the king of all animals, who lives on a mountain known as The Holy Mountain where no other foot may tread. When it stirs, the Earth trembles. The word Indrik is a distorted version of the Russian word edinorog (unicorn). The Indrik is described as a gigantic bull with legs of a deer, the head of a horse and an enormous horn in its snout, making it vaguely similar to a rhinoceros. The Russian folkloric creature gives its name to a synonym of Paraceratherium, Indricotherium, the biggest land mammal ever to live.\n\n\nWhat is the largest or biggest land animal?", "role": "user" }, { "content": "The largest or biggest land animal is the African bush elephant. It can reach weights of up to 10000 kgs (or 22000 lbs). However historically there have been dinosaurs that are greater in weight than elephants.", "role": "assistant" } ]

[ { "content": "Chakri dynasty The Chakri dynasty (, , , ) is the current reigning dynasty of the Kingdom of Thailand, the head of the house is the king, who is head of state. The family has ruled Thailand since the founding of the Rattanakosin Era and the city of Bangkok in 1782; following the end of Taksin Thonburi's reign, when the capital of Siam shifted to Bangkok. The royal house was founded by Rama I, an Ayutthaya military leader of Sino-Mon descent.\n'Alawi dynasty The Alawi dynasty () – also rendered in English as Alaouite, Alawid, or Alawite – is the current Moroccan royal family and reigning dynasty. They are an Arab sharifian dynasty and claim descent from the Islamic prophet Muhammad through his grandson, Hasan ibn Ali. Their ancestors originally migrated to the Tafilalt region, in present-day Morocco, from Yanbu on the coast of the Hejaz in the 12th or 13th century.\nHouse of Zimri The House of Zimri or the Zimri dynasty was a short-lived reigning dynasty of the Kingdom of Israel. It is depicted in the first of the Books of Kings, where it represents a transitional period between the reigns House of Baasha and the Omrides.\nRama (Kings of Thailand) All kings in the current Chakri dynasty of Thailand are often referred to as King Rama in the English speaking world. The name Rama was adopted from the name of the Hindu God Rama, an avatar of Vishnu.\nMonarchy of Thailand In 1782, Buddha Yodfa Chulaloke ascended the throne and moved the capital from the Thonburi side to the Bangkok side of the Chao Phraya River. There he established the House of Chakri, the current ruling dynasty of Thailand. (This first reign was later designated as that of Rama I in the list of Rama Kings of Thailand.) He also established the office of Supreme Patriarch as the head of the Sangha, the order of Buddhist monks.\nFamily tree of Thai monarchs The known history of the monarchy of Thailand begins with the founding of the Sukhothai Kingdom, inaugurated by Si Inthrathit in 1238. This was succeeded by the Ayutthaya Kingdom and the short-lived Thonburi Kingdom. The present reigning dynasty, the Chakri Dynasty, took the throne in 1782, founding the Rattanakosin Kingdom. The present-day constitutional monarchy was established in 1932. The Chakri kings are often known as Rama: the reigning monarch is King Rama X (Vajiralongkorn).\nMrs. Universe The current and reigning queen and titleholder, Mrs. Universe 2021, is Ana Siradze from Georgia. The next pageant is set for January 30 – February 5, 2023 in Bulgaria.\nChet Ton Dynasty The Chet Ton Dynasty (; ; , ; meaning the dynasty of the seven lords), also spelled Jedton, or officially Thipphachakkrathiwong Dynasty or Thipphachak Dynasty in The Royal Society of Thailand's spelling style or Dibayachakkradhiwongse Dynasty in Prajadhipok's spelling style () is a dynasty that ruled 3 northern states of Siam, which consisted of Chiang Mai, the largest, Lampang and Lamphun.\nPenrith Panthers The Penrith Panthers are an Australian professional rugby league football club based in the western Sydney suburb of Penrith that competes in the NRL. The team is based west of the centre of Sydney, at the foot of the Blue Mountains. Penrith are the current reigning NRL Premiers, having won the title four times.\nWu Commandery During its existence, Wu commandery was ruled by various dynasties and regimes. Chronologically, Han dynasty, Eastern Wu, Jin dynasty, Liu Song dynasty, Southern Qi dynasty, Liang dynasty, Chen dynasty, Sui dynasty and Tang dynasty governed Wu commandery in sequence.\n\n\nWhat is the current reigning dynasty of Thailand?", "role": "user" }, { "content": "The current reigning dynasty of Thailand is Chakri dynasty and the current King of the dynasty is Maha Vajiralongkorn.", "role": "assistant" } ]

[ { "content": "Brainstorming Directed brainstorming is a variation of electronic brainstorming (described below). It can be done manually or with computers. Directed brainstorming works when the solution space (that is, the set of criteria for evaluating a good idea) is known prior to the session. If known, those criteria can be used to constrain the ideation process intentionally.\nNS Motorcycle The NS motorcycle, made by Narazo Shimazu in 1909, was the first motorcycle to be designed, built and sold in Japan. Shimazu created the Nihon Motorcycle Company (NMC) to manufacture the NS. In 1926 he then produced another new motorcycle design, the Arrow First. The earliest motorcycle that the includes on its list of the 240 Landmarks of Japanese Automotive Technology is the 1909 NS.\nCat (Red Dwarf) The Cat exhibits qualities of vanity, such as in The End (1988), where his first words are How am I looking? I'm looking nice!\nBrainstorming In the laboratory, directed brainstorming has been found to almost triple the productivity of groups over electronic brainstorming.\nHenri Barki Small Group Brainstorming and Idea Quality: Is Electronic Brainstorming the Most Effective Approach?<br>\nKillinger and Freund Motorcycle The first impressions of the new motorcycle was of a streamlined racing machine with rounded covers for the front and rear wheels, aerodynamically improved fork, frame, and fuel tank all built on a tubular framework covered in sheet metal.\nNan Bangs McKinnell Nan and Jim spent much of their married life traveling and creating together. The two are remembered as artistic partners with most of their work having been made collaboratively. The two traveled across America and the world, working at colleges and artist's colonies while developing their craft. In 1953, Nan and James attended a ceramics workshop at the Archie Bray Foundation and decided to stay and work there for several years. It was at the Bray where Nan began developing glazes. Nan's deep copper glaze is still widely used today. Her glaze-making also opened up an appreciation for the decorative side of ceramics. As Nan and Jim began working more collaboratively, Nan's decorative eye came out more. In their process, often one would throw a piece on the wheel and the other would decorate it, combining their two separate artistic eyes and influences. Nan was drawn to natural shapes and forms, drawing on flowers, leaves, insects, and other animals.\nBrainstorming Individual brainstorming is the use of brainstorming in solitary situations. It typically includes such techniques as free writing, free speaking, word association, and drawing a mind map, which is a visual note taking technique in which people diagram their thoughts. Individual brainstorming is a useful method in creative writing and has been shown to be superior to traditional group brainstorming.\nOne-way travel Depending on the provider, buying two one-way tickets may or may not be more expensive than buying a round trip ticket. At times, buying two one-way tickets may actually be less expensive, especially if the two tickets are on different airlines.\nTom Simpson Simpson immersed himself in the world of cycling, writing letters asking for advice. Naturalised Austrian rider George Berger responded, travelling from London to Harworth to help him with his riding position. In late 1955, Simpson ran a red light in a race and was suspended from racing for six months by the BLRC. During his suspension he dabbled in motorcycle trials, nearly quitting cycling but unable to afford a new motorcycle necessary for progress in the sport.\n\n\nWhat criteria should I be looking at when buying a new motorcycle?", "role": "user" }, { "content": "There are a number of criteria you should be looking at:\n- Price: How does it fit in your budget?\n- Engine type: Do you want a traditional combustion engine, or go for an electric one?\n- Number of cylinders: If you go for combustion engine, how many cylinders do you choose? Less cylinders are usually cheaper, make the motorcycle more lightweight and thus easier to maneuver. More cylinders make the engine feel smoother, also have more power, but are heavier and more expensive.\n- Usage: What do you use it for? Just for fun, commuting to work, general transportation? Travel? Offroad? Racing?\n- Assistance systems: Modern motorcycles have a range of assistance systems like ABS, Cruise Control, Distance sensors, electronic driving modes for different weather conditions etc. They can make driving safer , but also add weight and make the bike more expensive. Which ones do you need? \n- Style: There are different styles like naked bike, cruiser, chopper, dual sport, race bike , scrambler etc. Different styles can be more or less adequate depending on your usage, or you can simply pick the one that appeals to you.\n- Size: The two most important aspects in terms of size are seat height and weight. Both have a huge impact on how well you are in control when not driving, for example when you need to stop at a traffic light or going slowly in stop & go traffic.\nSeat height is important , so your feet can reach the ground when stopping. However the width of the seat and general width dimensions of the bike also play a role here. So two bikes with same seat height might feel very differently. Best is to try it out", "role": "assistant" } ]