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a switching regulator that has first , second , third and fourth terminals , a first power transistor disposed between the first terminal and a first node , a second power transistor disposed between the first node and a second node , a filter including a capacitor and an inductor , and a controller . the first power transistor is partitioned into a plurality of individually - addressable first transistor segments . the second node couples the second and fourth terminals . the second power transistor is partitioned into a plurality of individually - addressable second transistor segments . the inductor is disposed between the first node and the third terminal , and the capacitor is disposed between the third and fourth terminals . the controller is operable in a plurality of modes including a normal mode in which the controller opens and closes all of the first transistor segments and all of the second transistor segments , and a test mode in which the controller opens and closes less than all of the first transistor segments and all of the second transistor segments . | 6 |
this invention is directed to a compound of formula i or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof , wherein r 1 , r 2 , r 3 , r 4 and x are as defined herein . the compounds of formula i are useful as receptor tyrosine kinase inhibitors and can be used to treat such diseases as cancer , blood vessel proliferative disorders , fibrotic disorders , mesangial cell proliferative disorders and metabolic diseases . | 2 |
an improved stuttering treatment program provides for a multi dimensional diagnostic procedure for identifying the problems associated with stuttering . a simultaneous attitude modification phase and a speech fluency enhancing techniques phase define a supervised , hands - on exercise portion of the program which is intended to advance the level of speech of a stutter afflicted person to speech fluency . upon completion of attitude modification and speech fluency enhancing exercises , which raises the patient to speech fluency , a self - discipline phase of the program is provided where the patient supervises himself during speech exercising , monitors and analyzes exercise effect and reports his analysis to speech professionals . the self - supervised exercise is up - dated and communicated to the patient , for preventive maintenance of speech fluency . | 6 |
Low- and intermediate-mass (0.8 M <SUB>⊙</SUB> < M < 8 M <SUB>⊙</SUB>) stars that evolve into planetary nebulae (PNe) play an important role in tracing and driving Galactic chemical evolution. Spectroscopy of PNe enables access to both the initial composition of their progenitor stars and products of their internal nucleosynthesis, but determining accurate ionic and elemental abundances of PNe requires high-quality optical spectra. We obtained new optical spectra of eight highly-extincted PNe with limited optical data in the literature using the Low Resolution Spectrograph 2 on the Hobby-Eberly Telescope. Extinction coefficients, electron temperatures and densities, and ionic and elemental abundances of up to 11 elements (He, N, O, Ne, S, Cl, Ar, K, Fe, Kr, and Xe) are determined for each object in our sample. Where available, astrometric data from Gaia eDR3 is used to kinematically characterize the probability that each object belongs to the Milky Way's thin disk, thick disk, or halo. Four of the PNe show kinematic and chemical signs of thin disk membership, while two may be members of the thick disk. The remaining two targets lack Gaia data, but their solar O, Ar, and Cl abundances suggest thin disk membership. Additionally, we report the detection of broad emission features from the central star of M 3-35. Our results significantly improve the available information on the nebular parameters and chemical compositions of these objects, which can inform future analyses. <SUP>*</SUP> Based on observations obtained with the Hobby-Eberly Telescope, which is a joint project of the University of Texas at Austin, the Pennsylvania State University, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, and Georg-August-Universität Göttingen. | 9 |
the invention relates to a monopod device for use with a camera , which uses one or more constant force helical springs to counterbalance the weight of a camera and lens , as well as a camera tilt mechanism , the combination of which effectively provides weight compensation that significantly reduces the lifting force required by a user to move the camera and provides stable image capture , camera control , and a reduced footprint when compared to existing tripods . | 6 |
Context. Planetary nebulae represent a late stage of the evolution of stars of ordinary mass. The nucleus of a planetary nebula, a stellar remnant, is a faint star for which it is usually difficult to gather spectroscopic data. The spectral types of these stars cover a wide range, mainly separated into two large groups, those rich in hydrogen and those that are not. In this complex scenery it is of great importance to increase the number of stars with defined spectral types and physical parameters. In this way, we can improve our actual models of stellar evolution. <BR /> Aims: Our main objective is to increase the number of known white dwarfs that are the ionisation sources of planetary nebulae. Our aim is to obtain the spectral type and physical parameters of these stars, which are to be confronted with models of stellar evolution. In this way, we want to increase our knowledge of the final stages of stellar evolution. <BR /> Methods: We present Gemini spectra of nine nuclei of faint and extended southern planetary nebulae. The spectra were fitted with models of stellar atmospheres, which allowed the derivation of their atmospheric parameters. In addition, stellar evolution models were used to infer the stars' mass. <BR /> Results: We discovered six hydrogen-rich white dwarfs (spectral types DA and DAO; effective temperatures in the range T<SUB>eff</SUB> = 60 000-80 000 K). One of the DAO white dwarfs is probably a new member of only a few known post-red-giant-branch central stars. In addition, we found two hot hydrogen-deficient PG 1159 stars (T<SUB>eff</SUB> = 120 000 and 160 000 K). Taken together, this represents a significant increase in the number of known white dwarf central stars. We also discovered an early O(H) star (T<SUB>eff</SUB> = 90 000 K). | 9 |
disclosed is an ink jet printhead comprising a plurality of channels , wherein the channels are capable of being filled with ink from an ink supply and wherein the channels terminate in nozzles on one surface of the printhead , the surface being coated with a coating composition comprising a siloxane - etherimide copolymer and a fluorinated nonionic surfactant . | 1 |
an article surveillance marker suitable for use on computer magnetic data disks is disclosed in which the marker , a length of low coercivity , high magnetic permeability ferromagnetic material is integrally formed onto the data disk preferably so as to serve as the concentricity determining factor of the disk , whereby attempted removal or override of the marker renders the disk from unauthorized reproduction . a disk drive sytem is also disclosed with a built - in interrogation zone and write inhibit circuit that insures data originating from the host computer or copied from another marker - protected disk can only be written onto a disk having a marker - protected disk . | 6 |
a ply for a paper and paperboard made from a ply substrate material , wherein the ply comprises a hybrid material , in an amount of 1 - 25 wt -% of the ply , wherein the hybrid material is introduced into a target suspension of the short circulation of a fibrous web forming process of a fibrous web machine , in an in - line process , wherein said target suspension forms the ply substrate material , and the hybrid material comprises an alkaline earth carbonate precipitated onto or into fibers or fibrils of a nanofibrillated polysaccharide . | 3 |
a dram having a dual cell plate structure and a method of making this dram are provided . the dram is made by forming two field insulation films with a constant interval on a semiconductor substrate and forming word lines uniformly spaced from each other along with the associated bit lines . the specific structure and method for this dram reduces the parasitic capacitance between the bit lines and the word lines so that the fabrication of the dram may be easily performed . | 7 |
a reflective sensing module is disclosed which can be embedded in a wristband for sensing a health information of a person wearing it . the health information can be wireless transmitted directly or indirectly to the internet for a further process . the reflective sensing module comprises a top glass , a bottom circuitry configured on a bottom surface of the top glass , a light chip and a sensor chip are electrically coupled with the bottom circuitry of the top glass ; wherein the light chip emits light beams upwards passing through the top glass to an object ; the sensor chip detects reflective light beams downwards passing through the top glass for a further process . | 0 |
We present the first catalogue of galaxy cluster candidates derived from the third data release of the Kilo-Degree Survey. The sample of clusters has been produced using the Adaptive Matched Identifier of Clustered Objects (AMICO) algorithm. In this analysis, AMICO considers the luminosity, spatial distribution, and photo-z of galaxies, without performing any selection based on their colours. In this way, we minimize the dependence of the selection function on the detectability or even absence of the red sequence in the clusters. The catalogue comprises 7988 candidate galaxy clusters in the redshift range 0.1 < z < 0.8 down to signal-to-noise ratio > 3.5 with a purity approaching 95 per cent over the entire redshift range. In addition to the catalogue of galaxy clusters, we also provide a catalogue of galaxies with their probabilistic association to the detected clusters. We quantify the sample purity, completeness, and the uncertainties of the detections properties, such as richness, redshift, and position, by means of mock galaxy catalogues. The simulations are derived directly from the data to fully reproduce their statistical properties including photo-z uncertainties, unknown absorption across the survey, missing data, spatial correlation of galaxies, and galaxy clusters. Being based on real data, such mock catalogues do not have to rely on the assumptions on which numerical simulations and semi-analytic models are based on. This paper is the first of a series of papers in which we discuss the details and physical properties of the sample presented in this work. | 9 |
The recent discovery of a diffuse cosmic neutrino flux extending up to PeV energies raises the question of which astrophysical sources generate this signal. Blazars are one class of extragalactic sources which may produce such high-energy neutrinos. We present a likelihood analysis searching for cumulative neutrino emission from blazars in the 2nd Fermi-LAT AGN catalog (2LAC) using IceCube neutrino data set 2009-12, which was optimized for the detection of individual sources. In contrast to those in previous searches with IceCube, the populations investigated contain up to hundreds of sources, the largest one being the entire blazar sample in the 2LAC catalog. No significant excess is observed, and upper limits for the cumulative flux from these populations are obtained. These constrain the maximum contribution of 2LAC blazars to the observed astrophysical neutrino flux to 27% or less between around 10 TeV and 2 PeV, assuming the equipartition of flavors on Earth and a single power-law spectrum with a spectral index of -2.5. We can still exclude the fact that 2LAC blazars (and their subpopulations) emit more than 50% of the observed neutrinos up to a spectral index as hard as -2.2 in the same energy range. Our result takes into account the fact that the neutrino source count distribution is unknown, and it does not assume strict proportionality of the neutrino flux to the measured 2LAC γ-ray signal for each source. Additionally, we constrain recent models for neutrino emission by blazars. | 9 |
there are provided a new dosage regimens for the gamma secretase inhibitor 2 , 2 - dimethyl - n -- 6 - oxo - 6 , 7 - dihydro - 5h - dibenzoazepin - 7 - yl )- n ′-- malonamide which maximizes anti - tumor activity while maintaining acceptable toxicity levels . | 0 |
an optical apparatus is provided which comprises : a semiconductor laser having first and second emitting points for light emitted in the junction plane and perpendicular thereto , respectively ; a cap element covering the semiconductor laser and having an aperture therein ; means to produce focused light ; and at least one plane - parallel , light transmitting body arranged in the aperture of the cap element to cause the astigmatism of the optical apparatus to be substantially zero . | 6 |
the present invention relates to a composition for the oral administration of beneficial microorganisms in a discrete dosage form , comprising about 10 % to about 50 % by weight of a starch component , about 25 % to about 50 % by weight of a sugar component , about 0 - 20 % of a humectant component , and about 5 % to about 25 % by weight of water . the composition has a soft and chewy texture and water activity of about 0 . 60 to about 0 . 75 . | 0 |
Execution files to reproduce the data for the article PyGBe-LSPR—Computational nanoplasmonics for biosensing applications. For instruction see README.md file. UPDATE: For information about bug fix, see errata_rhs_fix folder on github repository https://github.com/barbagroup/pygbe_lspr_paper/tree/master/repro_packs | 9 |
a key system includes a first authentication part configured to perform first authentication for determining whether or not a unique key code of a key is registered in the operation subject and to permit an operation subject to operate in a state in which a first group of functions is operative when the first authentication generates an affirmative result . a wireless signal receiver is configured to receive a medium code unique to a portable communicable data medium through wireless communication . a second authentication part is configured to perform second authentication for determining whether or not the medium code received by the wireless signal receiver is registered in the operation subject . a condition - imposing part is configured to limit operative functions of the operation subject to a second group of functions that is more limited than the first group of functions when at least either one of the first authentication and the second authentication generates a negative result . | 1 |
a seal ring for sealing an annular space between two telescoped and relatively movable parts . the ring seats in a groove in one of the parts , and leaf springs urge the seated ring against the other part to effect the seal . the leaf springs include annealed or reduced - cross - section portions which provide relatively low - rate and long - travel spring characteristics to accommodate tolerance variations , dimensional changes of the ring as wear occurs , and thermal expansion or contraction of the sealed parts . the wearing surfaces of the ring may be covered by a plastic cap or anti - galling coating . | 5 |
a method for selectively shunting an acoustic driver within an electronic device detects the presence of a squelch signal from a local emitter and automatically shunts the acoustic driver in response to the detection , free of any communication back to the emitter . the squelch signal originates from an emitter which is positioned extrinsic to the device , and can be broadcast so as to define a zone of influence within which the acoustic drivers of electronic devices will be squelched . in lieu of an acoustic driver , a vibrator can be activated to quietly alert the user of the incoming message while the squelch signal is present . as a result , the invention enables a proprietor to a greater degree of control over ringing and beeping noises generated by such devices when positioned within a designated space . a broadcast system for defining the zone of influence and electronic devices that include circuitry that implement the method are also disclosed . | 7 |
this invention improves on explosively actuated cable cutters in that it orporates a remote capability of activating the cutter . the improved apparatus comprises an acoustical transducer for receiving a remote coded signal , an electric circuit designed to detect the specific coded signal , a motor and gear mechanism which is initiated upon detection of the remote coded signal to activate the explosively actuated cable cutter . the electronics and motor compartment are hydrostatically sealed and pitted with a pressure switch and a water intrusion fail - safe circuit . the pressure switch is designed to inactivate the apparatus beyond a preset ocean depth , and the water intrusion fail - safe circuit is designed to detect any seawater seepage into the sealed electronics compartment . upon the detection of such seepage the intrusion fail - safe circuit disconnects the system from the battery thereby removing danger of premature triggering of the cable cutter . | 8 |
a stencil stamp assembly is formed of : a stencil sheet having a perforation area having an image perforated therein , at least two plate members having lower end portions secured to the stencil sheet at at least two positions with the perforation area sandwiched therebetween and upper end portions connected with each other , the plate members serving as operating portions during printing , an ink holding portion for holding ink on the upper surface of the perforation area of said stencil sheet , and a center member having a plurality of surfaces in contact with at least a part of the inner surface of the plate members and the upper surface of said ink holding portion . the center member is provided in a space between the inner surface of the plate members and the upper surface of the ink holding portion . | 1 |
disclosed is a “ tracker system ” that includes implanted electrical leads which are part of an implanted cardiotracker plus external equipment that includes external alarm means and a physician &# 39 ; s programmer . the tracker system is designed to monitor the degradation of a patient &# 39 ; s cardiovascular condition from one or more causes . these causes include the rejection of a transplanted heart and / or the progression of a stenosis in a coronary artery . as one or more stenoses in a coronary artery become progressively more narrow thereby causing reduced blood flow to the heart muscle coronary circulation , the tracker system can alert the patient by either or both internal and / or external alarm means to take the appropriate medical action . the physician &# 39 ; s programmer can be used to display histograms of key heart signal parameters that are indicative of the patient &# 39 ; s cardiovascular condition . | 0 |
method and apparatus for preparation of fuel from biomass wherein the biomass is subjected to a heat treatment in a temperature range from 150 to 300 c , in a reactor pressurized with steam and air , wherein the pressure at completed treatment is released . the volume increase of steam and other gases from the pressure release is temporarily accumulated in a container of a flexible volume while steam and other gases are subjected to heat exchange in at least one heat exchanger so that condensable gases are condensed and release their heat of condensation in the at least one heat exchanger . | 2 |
Multi-planet systems exhibit remarkable architectural diversity. However, short-period giant planets are typically isolated. Compact systems like TOI-5398, with an outer close-orbit giant and an inner small-size planet, are rare among systems containing short-period giants. TOI-5398's unusual architecture coupled with its young age (650 ± 150 Myr) make it a promising system for measuring the original obliquity between the orbital axis of the giant and the stellar spin axis in order to gain insight into its formation and orbital migration. We collected in-transit (plus suitable off-transit) observations of TOI-5398 b with HARPS-N at TNG on March 25, 2023, obtaining high-precision radial velocity time series that allowed us to measure the Rossiter-McLaughlin (RM) effect. By modelling the RM effect, we obtained a sky-projected obliquity of λ = 3.0<SUB>−4.2</SUB><SUP>+6.8</SUP> deg for TOI-5398 b, consistent with the planet being aligned. With knowledge of the stellar rotation period, we estimated the true 3D obliquity, finding ψ = (13.2 ± 8.2) deg. Based on theoretical considerations, the orientation we measure is unaffected by tidal effects, offering a direct diagnostic for understanding the formation path of this planetary system. The orbital characteristics of TOI-5398, with its compact architecture, eccentricity consistent with circular orbits, and hints of orbital alignment, appear more compatible with the disc-driven migration scenario. TOI-5398, with its relative youth (compared with similar compact systems) and exceptional suitability for transmission spectroscopy studies, presents an outstanding opportunity to establish a benchmark for exploring the disc-driven migration model. <P />Table A.1 is available at the CDS via anonymous ftp to <A href="https://cdsarc.cds.unistra.fr">cdsarc.cds.unistra.fr</A> (ftp://130.79.128.5) or via <A href="https://cdsarc.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/cat/J/A+A/684/L17">https://cdsarc.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/cat/J/A+A/684/L17</A> <P />Based on observations made with the Italian Telescopio Nazionale Galileo (TNG) operated by the Fundación Galileo Galilei (FGG) of the Istituto Nazionale di Astrofisica (INAF) at the Observatorio del Roque de los Muchachos (La Palma, Canary Islands, Spain). | 9 |
an interocclusal appliance includes a maxillary impression preform of a resilient thermoplastic having a low softening temperature , e . g . 36 ° c ., such as an eva copolymer having approximately thirty percent vinyl acetate . the preform is molded over and unitarily bonded to a base having a planar bottom face contacted by mandibular occlusal surfaces . the base is formed of a thermoplastic having a higher softening temperature , e . g . 70 ° c ., with the bond between the preform and base characterized by high shear strength . the preform includes a bight shaped centric relation positioning channel having a thick footing and draft along lingual , buccal and labial walls . the appliance is fitted by immersion in hot water to soften the preform , seating the maxillary arch within the channel and biting , such that the impression of the maxillary dentition embeds in the softened preform . upon cooling , the preform is transformed into a reusable resilient encasement for the maxillary dentition . suitable thermoplastics for implementation as the base include an ema copolymer , blends of ema and eva or tpu or blends of tpu and eva . | 0 |
a lubricated surface and method for reducing wear between metal parts . the lubricated surface contains a base oil of lubricating viscosity and an amount of a hydrocarbon soluble titanium compound effective to provide a reduction in surface wear greater than a surface wear of a lubricant composition devoid of the hydrocarbon soluble titanium compound . | 2 |
The properties of the molecular gas can shed light on the physical conditions of quasar host galaxies and the effect of feedback from accreting supermassive black holes. We present a new CO(2-1) survey of 23 z<0.1 Palomar-Green quasars conducted with the Atacama Large Millimeter/submillimeter Array. CO emission was successfully detected in 91% (21/23) of the objects, from which we derive CO luminosities, molecular gas masses, and velocity line widths. Together with CO(1-0) measurements in the literature for 32 quasars (detection rate 53%), there are 15 quasars with both CO(1-0) and CO(2-1) measurements and, in total, 40 sources with CO measurements. We find that the line ratio of R_{21}≡ L_{CO}(2-1)^{'}/L_{CO(1-0)}^{'} is subthermal and broadly consistent with nearby galaxies and other quasars previously studied. No clear correlation is found between R<SUB>21</SUB> and the intensity of the interstellar radiation field or the luminosity of the active nucleus. As with the general galaxy population, quasar host galaxies exhibit a strong, tight, and linear L<SUB>IR</SUB>-L_{CO}(1-0)^{'} relation, with a normalization consistent with that of starburst systems. We investigate the molecular-to-total-gas mass fraction with the aid of total gas masses inferred from dust masses previously derived from infrared observations. Although the scatter is considerable, the current data do not suggest that the CO-to-H<SUB>2</SUB> conversion factor of quasar host galaxies significantly differs from that of normal star-forming galaxies. | 9 |
The effects of large tropical volcanic eruptions on Indo-Pacific tropical variability are investigated using 122 historical ensemble members from the Coupled Model Intercomparison Project 5. Radiative forcing due to volcanic aerosols in the stratosphere is found to increase the likelihood of a model climatic response that projects onto both the El Niño-Southern Oscillation and the Indian Ocean Dipole (IOD). Large eruptions are associated with co-occurring El Niño and positive IOD events in the ensemble means that peak 6-12 months after the volcanic forcing peaks, marking a significant increase in the likelihood of each event occurring in the Southern Hemisphere (SH) spring/summer posteruption. There is also an ensemble mean La Niña-like response in the third SH summer posteruption, which coincides with a significant increase in the likelihood of a La Niña occurring. Taken together with the initial cooling, this La Niña-like response may increase the persistence of the cool global average surface temperature anomaly after an eruption. | 9 |
a vehicle brake light system including a brake light circuit containing a circuit element connected to brake pedal position sensing means so that the brightness of the brake lights or the number of brake lights illuminated depends upon how far the brake pedal is depressed . | 1 |
an arrangement for shifting a piece of furniture through an opening in a vertical partition , such as a wall of a vehicle includes a linkage system which maintains the orientation of the piece of furniture as it is moved between two extreme positions , wherein one of the positions is offset to be lower than the other position . when incorporated in a vehicle , the lateral offset between the two extreme positions is approximately equal to the height of the floor of the vehicle above a ground surface so that if the piece of furniture is a kitchen unit , such as a stove , its working surfaces will be at the same height for use inside the vehicle as when used in the outer position outside the vehicle . | 1 |
an operational amplifier circuit includes a differential operational amplifier and a common mode feedback circuit with first and second transistors having source electrodes connected to first and second supply voltage conductors and drains coupled to first and second outputs of the operational amplifier , respectively . first and second capacitors are connected in series between gate electrodes of the first and second transistors and have a common point connected to the first output . a first switch capacitor circuit periodically refreshes the first capacitor to a voltage equal to the average of the first and second supply conductor voltages minus first and second predetermined bias voltages , respectively . a second similar common mode feedback circuit is coupled to the second output a differential output voltage produced by the operational amplifier results in equal excursions of the first and second outputs on opposite sides of the common mode feedback signal . | 7 |
a wall fan includes a control circuit both controlling the wall fan and a temperature control unit comprising a heater , a cooler , or a heating , ventilating , and air conditioning system . the control system receives a desired temperature and compares the desired temperature to an outdoor temperature . when the outdoor temperature indicates that drawing outside air into indoor space will drive the indoor air temperature towards the desired temperature , the control system activates the wall fan , and de - energizes the heater , cooler , or hvac system . when the outdoor temperature indicates that drawing outside air into indoor space will not drive the indoor air temperature towards the desired temperature , the control system de - energizes the wall fan , and energizes the heater , cooler , or hvac system . | 5 |
the object of the present invention is to provide a removable marking device for a mold that enables to leave two marks of different meanings accurately with simple operation . a removable marking device for a mold has a control mechanism that allows said indicator axle to rotate with said rotatable tube when said indicator axle rotates in the other direction . | 1 |
a system is proposed for identifying orders in an order management system which are to proscribed individuals or organizations having chinese addresses . the chinese address items of the order management database , and the chinese address items of a database of proscribed individuals and organizations , are each converted into respective databases in a common writing system , namely the pin yin transliteration standard . in the conversion process , simplified mandarin items in the order management database which can be converted in multiple ways are converted in each of those ways . the converted items from the two pin yin databases are then compared . | 6 |
an invented composition for promoting the adhesion of adhesives , coatings and / or composites to proteinsceous substrates is disclosed comprising a water - miscible solvent ; and an unsaturated caboxylic acid of the general formula : ## str1 ## where r 1 is selected from ch ═ ch , c ═ c , c ═ ch , ch 2 ch 2 , or ch 2 ch 2 ch 2 ; and r 2 is selected from a terminally mono -, di -, tri -, or multi - unsaturated group . methods of making the compound and methods of its use are also disclosed . | 0 |
the disclosure shows a system for retaining an implement adjacent a person &# 39 ; s hand . the system includes a band , and a magnet attached to the band . a metal portion surrounds at least a portion of on the implement , making the implement removably engagable with the system . | 0 |
Mars-specific branch of FEHM. Contributors: @johnportiz14 This archive contains model code based on the open-source software FEHM v3.4.0 (https://github.com/lanl/FEHM) and processing/plotting scripts for reproducing the material presented in the manuscript "Sub-diurnal methane variations on Mars driven by barometric pumping and planetary boundary layer evolution" by John P. Ortiz, et al. (submitted to Journal of Geophysical Research: Planets). This archive is designed to make the work presented in the above article compliant with FAIR (Findable, Accessable, Interoperable, and Reusable) guidelines. The reproducible working example is located in: /FEHM/example This directory has the following directory structure: .├── 1d_heat_runs│ ├── heat_200m_synth│ │ ├── Gough2010_tests│ │ │ └── data│ │ │ └── fig4│ │ │ ├── experimental.csv│ │ │ ├── exponential_fit.csv│ │ │ └── fig4_data.xlsx│ │ ├── macros│ │ │ ├── bottom.zone│ │ │ ├── bottom.zonn│ │ │ ├── eos_mars_co2.dat│ │ │ ├── fracture.zone│ │ │ ├── fracture.zonn│ │ │ ├── geo-grad_air-static.boun│ │ │ ├── mars_temps.boun│ │ │ ├── nodeline.dat│ │ │ ├── perm.dat│ │ │ ├── rock.dat│ │ │ ├── top.zone│ │ │ └── top.zonn│ │ ├── plotting.py│ │ ├── run.py│ ├── heat_master_model.py│ └── tpls│ ├── fehmn_gradient.tpl│ ├── fehmn_init0.tpl│ ├── fehmn_spinup.tpl│ ├── rock.tpl│ ├── run_gradient.tpl│ ├── run_init0.tpl│ └── run_spinup.tpl├── master_model.py├── mesh│ ├── 1d│ │ └── homogeneous_1x200m│ │ ├── bot.zone│ │ ├── grid.inp│ │ ├── input.grid│ │ ├── input_template.grid│ │ ├── README.md│ │ └── top.zone │ └── 2d_fracture_network│ └── levyfractures_50x200m│ ├── fracture_material.zone│ ├── fracture_material.zonn│ ├── grid.inp│ └── top.zone├── pbl_diffusion.py├── README.md├── scripts│ ├── baro_decomp│ │ └── convert_boun.py│ ├── gasmigra│ │ └── utils.py│ ├── mars_tools.py│ ├── mesh_tools│ │ └── mesh_files.py│ ├── stats_tools│ │ ├── __init__.py│ │ └── stats_funcs.py│ └── tools.py├── sim_dir│ ├── plot.py│ ├── run.py└── tpls └── thermalAdsorption_tpls ├── fehmn_init0.tpl ├── fehmn_noSorp_restart.tpl ├── fehmn_noSorp_tracer.tpl ├── fehmn_sorp_tracer_restart.tpl ├── geo-grad_air-static.boun ├── rock_restart.tpl ├── rock.tpl ├── run_init0.tpl ├── run_noSorp_restart.tpl ├── run_noSorp_tracer.tpl ├── run_sorp_tracer_restart.tpl ├── rxn_2types.tpl ├── rxn_constant.tpl └── rxn.tpl | 9 |
a water - cooling system for computer electronic components , particularly the central processing unit . the system has a cooling unit adjacent to , and below , the central processing unit . the intake and outlet ports into and from the cooling unit are insulated with a water - absorbent material and below the cooling unit is a drip pan adapted to collect water being discharged from the cooling unit caused by any leak occurring therein . the drip pan has a plurality of parallel spaced - apart angled blades adapted to deflect dripping water to an adjacent blade covering the former blade . | 6 |
the present invention describes a system and method for easy , affordable , efficient , and convenient preparation and storage of fresh , high - quality homemade baby food . the system generally comprises a blender for processing fresh produce into baby food and multiple devices to store multiple portions of freshly produced baby food resulting from one use of the system . for example , one component of the system includes a storage cup having a freshness indicator and lid to immediately store the freshly made food in an organized and convenient manner . the method comprises steps of producing the baby food , transferring the food to an appropriate storage receptacle , adjusting an indicator on the storage receptacle to indicate the freshness level of the food , and immediately serving and covering the remaining receptacles to store the unused food . | 0 |
valve repair apparatus and methods for ensuring proper coaptation and operation of the leaflets of a heart valve . main aspects of the disclosure relate to devices including a support member configured for attachment to the heart valve annulus , a post extending from the support member away from the plane of the annulus and a connector coupled with the post and configured for attachment to at least one of the leaflets . the various embodiments may include a replacement heart valve connected with the support member for facilitating full replacement as opposed to near repair of an existing native heart valve . various other devices include support structure and one or more posts connected to opposite sides of the support structure and extending from one side of the valve annulus to another to modify the shape of the annulus . | 0 |
a zoom lens comprising , in order from an object side thereof , a first lens group of positive refracting power , a second lens group of negative refracting power , an aperture stop , a third lens group of positive refracting power , a fourth lens group of negative refracting power , and a fifth lens group of positive refracting power . upon zooming from the wide - angle end to the telephoto end , at least the first lens group and the aperture stop remain fixed in position , the second and third lens groups move in the optical axis direction , and the separation between each of the lens groups and the aperture stop changes . upon focusing from a focusing - on - infinity state to a close - range - focusing state , the fourth lens group moves in the optical axis direction , with satisfaction of the following : − 0 . 36 & lt ; f 4 / f 1 & lt ;− 0 . 05 , where f1 and f4 are the focal lengths of the first and fourth lens groups , respectively . | 6 |
a developing apparatus for an image forming apparatus , the developing apparatus comprising a developer carrying member for carrying a developer to develop an electrostatic latent image formed on an image bearing member ; and a regulating member contacted to the developer carrying member to regulate a layer thickness of the developer on the developer carrying member , wherein the developer carrying member includes a surface layer having a storage modulus e ′ satisfying 15 pa ≦ e ′≦ 30 pa , the regulating member includes an free end having a curved surface to define a space with the surface layer to provide an entrance for the developer , and the curved surface has a radius of curvature r satisfying 100 μm ≦ r ≦ 500 μm . | 6 |
a system and method for managing a parking lot where different parking spaces have associated logical attributes that determine pricing for using that space . typical attributes are “ last space ”, “ one of last spaces ” or “ safe space ”. other non - premium spaces can simply have an attribute of “ ordinary ” or the like . as ordinary spaces are used up , motorists may become motivated to pay higher fees to park in the last remaining spaces or premium spaces . also , safe spaces that provide additional protection for a vehicle may go at a premium price . the present invention works at both gated and ungated lots . with an ungated lot , a ticket can be printed displaying the fact that the vehicle has paid a premium rate . with a gated lot , some of the spaces can be further gated as premium or discount spaces that go at a corresponding higher or lower price . | 6 |
an external control unit with a reduced keypad is tightly integrated in a voice activated vehicular telephone system which further includes a voice adapter providing an intelligent interface between the ecu and a portable telephone removably coupled to a portable telephone holder . by taking full advantage of the voice recognition capabilities of the va , the ecu is able to effectively harness the extensive power of the vehicular telephone system while requiring a very small amount of vehicle space through the combination of an internal microphone and a keypad with a very few number of keys . the remaining keys are specifically chosen for their unique value in the integrated system and are further defined to support multiple mode - specific functions . accordingly , use of a voice activated dialer key causes the system during an idle mode to prompt the user to speak a number to be dialed , yet also causes the system during a call - in - process mode to activate a voice - to - tones conversion facility for operating , for example , voice mail systems , without the need for a conventional keypad . likewise , use of a directory key during the idle mode results in a prompt for the user to speak a name previously stored in the directory with an accompanying telephone number for dialing the number , yet use of the same key during the call - in - process mode enables a voice - to - memory conversion facility for storing in scratchpad memory spoken digits which are easily dialed upon completion of the current call . | 8 |
We present a fully flavour-covariant formalism for transport phenomena, by deriving Markovian master equations that describe the time-evolution of particle number densities in a statistical ensemble with arbitrary flavour content. As an application of this general formalism, we study flavour effects in a scenario of resonant leptogenesis (RL) and obtain the flavour-covariant evolution equations for heavy-neutrino and lepton number densities. This provides a complete and unified description of RL, capturing three distinct physical phenomena: (i) the resonant mixing between the heavy-neutrino states, (ii) coherent oscillations between different heavy-neutrino flavours, and (iii) quantum decoherence effects in the charged-lepton sector. To illustrate the importance of this formalism, we numerically solve the flavour-covariant rate equations for a minimal RL model and show that the total lepton asymmetry can be enhanced by up to one order of magnitude, as compared to that obtained from flavour-diagonal or partially flavour off-diagonal rate equations. Thus, the viable RL model parameter space is enlarged, thereby enhancing further the prospects of probing a common origin of neutrino masses and the baryon asymmetry in the Universe at the LHC, as well as in low-energy experiments searching for lepton flavour and number violation. The key new ingredients in our flavour-covariant formalism are rank-4 rate tensors, which are required for the consistency of our flavour-mixing treatment, as shown by an explicit calculation of the relevant transition amplitudes by generalizing the optical theorem. We also provide a geometric and physical interpretation of the heavy-neutrino degeneracy limits in the minimal RL scenario. Finally, we comment on the consistency of various suggested forms for the heavy-neutrino self-energy regulator in the lepton-number conserving limit. | 9 |
a modular fast fourier transform processor which employs identical processor cards , each of which has a butterfly , memory units which send and receive data to and from the butterfly and a pair of input ports and a pair of output ports . the cards are interconnected through these ports to execute a fast fourier transform decomposition in accord with singleton &# 39 ; s algorithm . the speed and capacity of the processor may be increased in a gradual manner by employing more of the processor cards . | 6 |
the present invention discloses an alkylidenenorbornene polymer comprising as the essential constituent at least one kind of the structural unit represented by the formula ## str1 ## wherein r 1 denotes an alkyl group of 1 - 4 carbon atoms and r 2 denotes a hydrogen atom or an alkyl group of 1 - 5 carbon atoms , and a process for producing the same . according to the present invention , an alkylidenenorbornene polymer is obtained which is excellent in light resistance , transparency , heat resistance and moisture resistance and is useful as an optical polymeric material . | 2 |
a system of surge suppressor units is connected at multiple locations on a power transmission and distribution grid to provide grid level protection against various disturbances before such disturbances can reach or affect facility level equipment . the surge suppressor units effectively prevent major voltage and current spikes from impacting the grid . in addition , the surge suppressor units include various integration features which provide diagnostic and remote reporting capabilities required by most utility operations . as such , the surge suppressor units protect grid level components from major events such as natural geomagnetic disturbances , extreme electrical events and human - generated events and cascading failures on the power grid . | 7 |
methods for manufacturing outlet nozzles for use in rocket motors are disclosed . the methods include providing an inner wall , positioning an outer wall around the inner wall , positioning spacers in the space between the inner and outer walls , and laser welding between the spacers and at least one of the inner and outer walls in order to form cooling ducts between the spacers and to provide t - shaped joints between the spacers and at least one of the inner and outer walls , the t - shaped joints including a rounded shape within the cooling ducts . | 5 |
a silk fibroin membrane containing an entrapped biocatalyst such as an enzyme or microorganism is provided by forming a mixture of a biocatalyst solution and a silk fibroin solution , forming a membrane by casting the mixture , drying the membrane and mechanically treating the resultant membrane at a temperature and humidity to produce the membrane in β - form and to structurally stabilize the membrane . mechanically treating may be by stretching or compressing . a biocatalyst sensor is formed by coating an electrically conductive substrate with a gas - permeable layer and coating the gas - permeable layer with the silk fibroin membrane containing an entrapped biocatalyst . | 8 |
the present invention discloses a method of forming fine conductive lines , patterns , and connectors , and is particularly useful in the formation of electronic devices . the method comprises a series of steps in which : a polymeric material is applied to a substrate ; the polymeric material is patterned to form openings through , spaces within , or combinations thereof in the polymeric material ; subsequently , conductive material is applied to the patterned polymeric material , so that it at least fills the openings and spaces existing in the polymeric material ; and excess conductive material is removed from the exterior major surface of the polymeric material using chemical - mechanical polishing , to expose at least the exterior major surface of the polymeric material . the structure remaining has a planar exterior surface , wherein the conductive material filling the openings and spaces in the patterned polymeric material becomes features such as fine lines , patterns , and connectors which are surrounded by the polymeric material . the polymeric material may be left in place as an insulator or removed , leaving the conductive features on the substrate . | 7 |
an apparatus for absorbing energy includes first and second steering column members connected for sliding movement . a first anvil is associated with one of the first and second steering column members and an energy absorbing member is provided having a first portion that extends around and operable to be drawn over the first anvil in response to the sliding movement between the first and second steering column members . a dead loop is formed in the energy absorbing member between its mounting location and the first anvil and is operative to enable the dead loop to straighten in response to application of an applied force prior to movement of the energy absorbing member across the first anvil . | 1 |
this invention is a seismic source system for marine surveying using a small diameter hose bundle containing an electrical cable disposed within an air hose which is reinforced with torque - balanced layers of armor components and protective jacket and connected to a termination assembly at one end for connection to an electrical power supply , pressurized air supply and control system and connected to another termination assembly at the other end for connection to an air gun subarray comprising multiple air guns . | 6 |
a method teaches how to measure — even strongly curved — specular surfaces with an apparatus that measures a shape as well as local surface normals absolutely . this is achieved by the observation and evaluation of patterns that are reflected at the surface . the reflected patterns are observed from different directions . the evaluation is done by termination of those locations in space , where the surface normals that are observed from different directions , have at least deviations against each other . | 6 |
an occupant support includes an intermediate layer and a wicking layer atop the intermediate layer . the wicking layer comprises a first region having a lower moisture wick rate and a second region having a higher wick rate . a moisture management cover for use with an occupant support article has discrete higher and lower wick rate regions . a related method for transporting moisture away from a target region of an occupant support comprises distributing the moisture over an area beyond area a and exposing the distributed moisture to a fluid stream capable of receiving the moisture . | 0 |
the present invention includes an adaptive slip joint coupling for connecting a fixture exit pipe to a wall pipe and also includes a system of couplings of varying dimensions , both providing for adaptable connections . | 5 |
Recent exoplanet observations have provided rich information of cold Jupiters (CJs), typically defined as planets with masses larger than 0.3 Jupiter mass and orbital distances larger than 1 au. The orbital and mass distribution of CJs are important for constraining their formation history. It has been reported that the occurrence rate of giant planets increases with orbital period to the central star, and turns over at a location that roughly corresponds to the snow line of Sun-like stars. Further, the density distribution of CJs on the semi-major axis - mass diagram (in log-log scale) shows an inner boundary with an approximate slope of two. Such an inner boundary provides valuable constraints on the formation and evolution of CJs. Theories of planetesimal formation predicts that planetesimals can form within ring-like structures in the protoplanetary disk, typically near the snow line. We believe that these planetesimal rings with locally enhanced solid surface density can be preferable locations for giant planet formation. In this work. we aim at interpreting the two-dimensional (semi-major axis, mass) distribution of the observed CJs by assuming that these planets form within a planetesimal ring located near the water snow line. A planet population synthesis model (the Ida & Lin model) is used to compare the mass and orbital distribution of the synthetic planets with the observations. In particular, we focus on the occurrence of CJs with respective to the orbital distance and the slope of the inner boundary of CJ distribution on the semi-major axis - mass diagram. Our results suggest that if CJs form from planetesimal rings near the water snow line, the above-mentioned observational features can be reproduced. Our findings imply that with efficient core growth owing to the enhanced solid surface density, planetesimal ring structures near the snow line are ideal locations for cold giant planet formation. | 9 |
a method for three - dimensional shape and size measurement of a three - dimensional body surface comprising providing a three - dimensional scanner , providing a processor , providing a three - dimensional computer aided design system , scanning in three dimensions with the three - dimensional scanner at least a portion of the three - dimensional body surface , creating a data file representative of the three - dimensional body surface , processing the data file with the processor , importing the data file into the three - dimensional computer aided design system , employing the three - dimensional computer aided design system relative to the data file to define and record three - dimensional measuring data relative to at least a portion of the three - dimensional body surface , a and employing the three - dimensional computer aided design system to exploit the three - dimensional measuring data . | 8 |
a system for effecting the rotational movement of a solar tracker about an axis of rotation includes a bow mounted on the solar tracker and comprising a rack a worm engaging with the rack to effect the rotational movement , the rack having a plastic tooth set and the bow having a damper configured to dampen the connection with the solar tracker . | 5 |
a method of identifying and determining the concentrations of multiple species in a gas sample , includes providing a spectrophone assembly having a detector chamber , supplying the gas sample to the detector chamber and simultaneously passing a plurality of radiations of different wavelengths into the detector chamber to produce multiple acoustic resonances of different frequencies . acoustic resonances in the detector chamber are simultaneously sensed to produce corresponding electrical signals , and the electrical signals are analysed to identify the species present in the gas sample and determine the concentration of each specie . | 6 |
the present invention relates to identification of a gene upregulated by interferon - α administration corresponding to the cdna sequence set forth in seq . id . no . 1 and seq . id . no . 3 . determination of expression products of this gene is proposed ahaigutility in predicting responsiveness to treatment with interferon - at and othe interferons which act at the type 1 interferon receptor . therapeutic use of the protein encoded by the same gene is also envisaged . | 2 |
low doses of stroma - free diaspirin cross - linked hemoglobin are administered to patients undergoing hemodialysis , to achieve hemostabilization and avoid hypotensive episodes in susceptible patients . hemoglobin therapy when implemented prophylactically in hemodialysis also partially obviates the need for further interventions to control circulatory system instability . | 0 |
a receiver system for measuring the bearing of a target having ambiguity correction . the receiver system includes a four element antenna array , three receivers and two phase detectors . the system further includes switching means for selectively connecting the antenna elements to the receivers and the receivers to the phase detectors to obtain two pairs of bearing components , from which the target bearing is computed . | 6 |
the formation of a bellows made up of a stack of a predetermined number of ring - convolutions and having an intermediate plate supported within said stack is achieved by supplying several thin metal rings , each having inner and outer edges . a pair of these metal rings are positioned in contiguous relationship and their adjacent inside edges are welded together to form a ring - convolution . this process is repeated until a sufficient number of ring - convolutions are made to eventually make the desired bellows . before these separate ring - convolutions are fused to each other , an intermediate plate and a support ring are made . the intermediate plate is a disc of metal that is sized smaller than the inside diameter of the rings and is secured to the support ring . the support ring is then positioned between two formed ring - convolutions in contiguous relationship and the three abutting outside edges are welded to each other to form a support plate convolution . the already made ring - convolutions and the support plate convolution are then stacked in the desired order and in contiguous relationship . all not - yet welded adjacent outside edges of said ring - convolutions and said support plate convolution are then welded to form the bellows . a bottom plate is formed and welded to the outside edge of the bottommost ring - convolution and a top ring is finally welded to the uppermost convolution to complete the bellows . the top ring is meant to be welded to a base plate of an infusion pump . | 1 |
Rust implementation of Umbral: https://github.com/nucypher/pyUmbral/ | 9 |
This is the first release. | 9 |
a ribbon drive mechanism for a typewriter or similar machine in which the supply spool and a first ribbon guide are fixed with respect to the machine frame , and the take - up spool and a second ribbon guide are vertically moveable with respect to the machine frame . the ribbon is fed past the print point when the take - up spool and the second ribbon guide adjacent thereto are in their raised position . means are also provided for feeding a constant increment of ribbon , regardless of the amount of ribbon on the take - up spool . | 1 |
an automatic winding and doffing apparatus of a circular knitting machine includes a winding unit that revolves synchronously with the cylinder of the circular knitting machine . the apparatus includes opposed winding apparatus frame arms . a fabric winding roll has one roll end pivotally mounted on one of the arms . a guide mechanism guides the knitted fabric to the winding roll . the fabric roll is stopped after a predetermined amount of fabric has been wound . a doffing apparatus doffs the fabric from the winding roll after a predetermined amount of fabric has been wound on the fabric roll . in a preferred embodiment , the other winding roll end is freely supported by a turning lever pivotally mounted on the frame . upon pivoting movement of the lever arm , the winding roller may be moved from a home , winding position to an unloading , doffing position in which the other end of the winding roller is removed from the support arm . a lock mechanism operatively connects to the turning lever for locking the turning lever in a position in which the turning lever supports the winding roller in the home , winding position and for unlocking the turning lever to allow the turning lever to pivot and disengage from the winding roller . | 3 |
the present invention relates to novel benzotriazoles of the formula i wherein het is an optionally substituted 5 - membered heterocycle containing one to two heteroatoms selected from nitrogen , sulfur and oxygen wherein at least one of said heteroatoms atoms must be nitrogen ; r 2 is selected from the group consisting of hydrogen , alkyl or other suitable substituents ; r 3 is selected from the group consisting of hydrogen , alkyl or other suitable substituents ; s is an integer from 0 - 5 ; to intermediates for their preparation , to pharmaceutical compositions containing them and to their medicinal use . the compounds of the present invention are potent inhibitors of map kinases , preferably p38 kinase . they are useful in the treatment of inflammation , osteoarthritis , rheumatoid arthritis , cancer , repurfusion or ischemia in stroke or heart attack , autoimmune diseases and other disorders . | 2 |
GitHub repository version for the manuscript "Effective binning of metagenomic contigs using contrastive multi-view representation learning." Is supplement to https://github.com/ziyewang/COMEBin (URL) | 9 |
a broadband access connection carried over a wireline link is backed - up by a wireless connection to create a high availability communication channel . this protection system comprises a wireline link processor for connecting a user site to a provider network over a broadband access connection and a wireless link processor for connecting the user site and the provider network over a backup connection . a link monitoring mechanism supervises operation of the wireline link and generates a fault signal upon detection of a specified under - performance , failure , or overloading condition of the broadband wireline access connection . a data switching mechanism switches the user traffic received over the user interface between the wireline and the wireless link according to the fault signal . a method for protecting the wireline link is also provided . | 7 |
a computer keyboard provides for one or more of processing , interfacing , input / output control with respect to the computer and / or one or more devices coupled to the keyboard , and / or for control of one or more devices coupled to the keyboard . the keyboard comprises at least one processor , and may also include one or more busses and / or other devices , that , individually in cooperation , perform such functions . in one embodiment , the processor receives telephony signals from the computer and provides telephony signals to the computer , performing the processing necessary to support telephony functions such as conversion of audio signals . audio signals from computer sound cards and other audio signal sources may be mixed with telephony signals in keyboards according to the invention . displays and associated input devices incorporated by the keyboard are provided to control telephony and other keyboard processor functions . | 6 |
the present invention is directed to computer based editing systems , methods for editing videos , methods for communicating from server to the desktop and computer readable storage media that are capable of executing certain methods and applying certain video editing systems . through the use of the present invention one can efficiently combine a plurality of media elements that are in a plurality of different forms into one video . in certain embodiment , the invention couples an editing tool with a channel that communicates to a server in a format that is downloaded from a server that may or may not be the server with which it continues to communicate . that channel can deliver live updatable multi - media formats e . g . text , flash , gifs . to the editing tool whenever the user is online . | 6 |
a method and a device for making the distance between a human eye and an eye - examining instrument coincide with a preset distance . a miniature light source disposed on the image end of an objective lens of the instrument illuminates the eye . the light specularly reflected by the surface of a cornea is converged . the miniature light source is positioned to have the converging point lie on the surface of an image of the fundus formed by the objective lens . accordingly if the distance between the human eye and the instrument coincides with a preset distance , the image of the light source on the image surface of the objective lens becomes sharp . an operator looking into a view finder correctly adjusts the position of the instrument by moving the latter until the image of the light source becomes sharp . | 0 |
provided is a projection system , a light source system , and a light source assembly . the light source system comprises an excitation light source , a wavelength conversion device , a color filtering device , a drive device , and a first optical assembly . the wavelength conversion device comprises at least one wavelength conversion region . the optical filtering device is fixed face - to - face with the wavelength conversion device , and comprises at least a first optical filtering region . the drive device drives the wavelength conversion device and the optical filtering device , allowing the wavelength conversion region and the first optical filtering region to act synchronously , and the wavelength conversion region is periodically set on the propagation path of the excitation light , thereby converting the excitation light wavelength into converted light . the first optical assembly allows the converted light to be incident on the first optical filtering region . the first optical filtering region filters the converted light , so as to enhance the color purity of the converted light . the light source system is simple in structure , easy to implement , and highly synchronous . | 5 |
a method for managing outputs to peripheral devices in medical systems devices is described . the method includes providing an instruction to provide an output , creating a data object based on the instruction , and storing the data object in a first memory if a peripheral device that provides the output is not available to accept the data object , where the first memory stores the data object for a longer term than a second memory . | 0 |
process of catalytic fluorination in liquid phase of product 2 - chloro - 3 , 3 , 3 - trifluoropropene into product 2 - chloro - 1 , 1 , 1 , 2 - tetrafluoropropane , with an ionic liquid based catalyst . process for manufacturing 2 , 3 , 3 , 3 - tetrafluoropropene . | 2 |
a device for supporting a decorative item on a top of a decorative support , such as a holiday tree , is disclosed and discussed . a support device can include a spiral body shaped to be securable to a top of a tree , wherein the spiral body extends from an upward end downward from the top of the tree , and a support body coupled to the upward end of the spiral body and extending in a direction opposite the downward spiral , wherein the support body is positioned support a decorative item when attached to a tree . | 5 |
VeriPB (Verifier for pseudo-Boolean proofs) is a tool for verifying refutations (proofs of unsatisfiability) and more (such as verifying that a valid solution is found) in python and c++. Currently it only supports linear pseudo-Boolean proofs using cutting planes. More information should be available at https://github.com/StephanGocht/VeriPB. | 9 |
We present an analysis of the ultraviolet (UV) continuum slopes (β) for a sample of 172 galaxy candidates at 8 < z<SUB>phot</SUB> < 16 selected from a combination of JWST NIRCam imaging and COSMOS/UltraVISTA ground-based near-infrared imaging. Focusing primarily on a new sample of 121 galaxies at ⟨z⟩ ≃ 11 selected from ≃ 320 arcmin<SUP>2</SUP> of public JWST imaging data across 15 independent data sets, we investigate the evolution of β in the galaxy population at z ≥ 9. We find a significant trend between β and redshift, with the inverse-variance weighted mean UV slope evolving from ⟨β⟩ = -2.17 ± 0.06 at z = 9.5 to ⟨β⟩ = -2.59 ± 0.06 at z = 11.5. Based on a comparison with stellar population models including nebular continuum emission, we find that at z > 10.5 the average UV continuum slope is consistent with the intrinsic blue limit of dust-free stellar populations (β<SUB>int</SUB> ≃ -2.6). These results suggest that the moderately dust-reddened galaxy population at z < 10 was essentially unattenuated at z ≃ 11. The extremely blue galaxies being uncovered at z > 10 place important constraints on dust attenuation in galaxies in the early Universe, and imply that the already observed galaxy population is likely supplying an ionizing photon budget capable of maintaining ionized intergalactic medium fractions of ≳ 5 per cent at z ≃ 11. | 9 |
a kneader with a vent function , including a kneading extruder , which permits the continuous viscous flow of material to be kneaded even at a high speed rotation to prevent the generation of cuttings and exhibiting sufficient venting capability . the kneader includes a barrel having kneading chambers defined therein , a rotor rotatably inserted into the kneading chambers , and having a feed portion on an outer peripheral surface thereof . a vent port is in communication with the kneading chamber of the barrel at a position around the feed portion . the feed portion in a vent zone includes a screw tip having a material feed surface with an outwardly curved surface in section . | 1 |
the present invention relates to an absorptive heat pump circulation systems and heating method . according to the present invention , an absorption heat pump circulation system comprises : a generator , equipped with a heat exchanger ; an evaporator , equipped with a driving heat source ; an absorber , equipped with a heat exchanger ; and an absorbent crystallizer . an absorption solution entrance of the crystallizer is connected to an absorption solution exit of the absorber and a crystallized absorption solution exit of the crystallizer is connected to an absorption solution entrance of the generator , and a crystal output of the crystallizer is connected to an absorption solution entrance of the absorber ; the heat exchanger of the generator and the heat exchanger of the absorber are connected to form a thermal cycling loop , which transfers the absorption heat generated by the absorber to the generator . since the absorbent crystallizer is provided , and the heat generated by the absorber is provided to the generator directly through the thermal cycling loop , then the external driving heat source required by the generator in the traditional absorption heating circulation system is essentially saved , so that the coefficient of performance is significantly improved . the present invention extensively applies to the utilization of excess heat at a low temperature as well as energy - saving and emission - reducing in the fields such as chemical industry , food industry , sewage treatment , sea water desalination and so on . | 8 |
a method of operating a digital printer comprises printing a machine - readable code and at least one test patch on at least one sheet . the photosensor detects the machine readable code on the moving sheet , and , in response to the detecting , initiates the photosensor reading the test patch on the moving sheet . the test patches can be distributed over many sheets , depending on the nature of the desired test routine and the type of sheet that has recently been output by the printer . | 6 |
a nozzle structure arranged for mounting to a garden hose and the like is provided , wherein an l - shaped nozzle structure having a trigger mounted within the nozzle is provided to impart selective fluid flow through an associated outlet conduit . the trigger member is arranged for sliding and reciprocation in a parallel orientation relative to the outlet conduit structure of the invention , and wherein a lock member is arranged to secure the trigger member in operative orientation , and wherein the trigger member is operative to effect manipulation of a rotary valve to direct fluid flow from a first conduit to a second conduit . | 1 |
a method is provided of presenting to a user a visual representation of a frame 275 resident at a central office 20 of a telecommunications system . the method includes the steps of : accessing a database including data as to a current condition of the frame ; displaying , based on the accessed data , a graphical representation of the frame 275 , the graphical representation including a visual indication of the current condition of the frame 275 ; and allowing a user to interface with the graphical representation to effect a mapping between the frame 275 and telecommunications lines leading to and from the frame 275 . | 7 |
disclosed is a liquid crystal display and a method for driving the same . in the method , the data voltage representing image signals are applied to a plurality of pixels arranged in columns and rows , and the polarity of the data voltage for common voltage inverts the pixel groups comprised of two or more pixels . the inventive lcd includes a substrate , a plurality of gate lines formed on the substrate , a plurality of data lines insulated from and intersecting the gate lines , and a plurality pixels formed corresponding to respective regions defined by the data lines and gate lines . common voltage is applied to the plurality of pixels , and the polarity of the data voltage for the common voltage inverts in units of pixel groups comprised of two or more pixels . | 6 |
a new antibiotic cyclic lipopeptide having the formula ## str1 ## wherein r is h seq id no : 1 or oh seq id no : 2 and a method of producing is described . the agent has very high activity against human pathogens and is of very low mammalian toxicity . | 0 |
a mobile telephone comprises a support structure around which the mobile telephone is constructed ; a camera device positioned on the support structure for electronically capturing and processing an image ; a detachable printing mechanism ; and a receptacle , defined in the support structure , for receiving therein the detachable printing mechanism . the detachable printing mechanism defines therethrough a print media feed path along which print media is fed for printing . the print media feed path extends from a first longitudinal side of the support structure through to a second longitudinal side of the support structure opposite the first longitudinal side . | 7 |
a method of acquisition by a mobile terminal situated in proximity to a display panel , of complementary information related to at least one poster present on the display panel , the method including the following steps : acquisition of the identification data making it possible to identify the display panel , transmission of the identification data to a processing service by way of a communication network ; and reception , from the processing service , of the complementary information relating to the poster presented on the display panel identified by the processing service on the basis of the identification data . | 6 |
an x - ray detector element suitable for use in computer tomography has a semi - insulating semiconductor body composed of a compound semiconductor , and is operated with a constant voltage source so that it functions as an x - ray - sensitive photoconductor . a measurement instrument is connected across the voltage source for detecting the photocurrent , which is indicative of the x - rays incident on the semiconductor body . | 6 |
a decoupling device for the bearing arrangement of a shaft carried in a housing , in particular a shaft of a belt - driven conical - pulley transmission with a chain that functions as the belt . the decoupling device includes an outer bearing ring configured with a circularly cylindrical outer surface and within which the shaft is mounted , and an inner surface of a housing that encloses the bearing ring outer surface . at least one radial ondular washer is arranged between the bearing ring outer surface and the housing inner surface , which allows a limited relative radial movement between the housing inner surface and the bearing ring outer surface by elastic deformation of the washer . | 5 |
We fit model spectral energy distributions (SEDs) to each pixel in 67 nearby (<z> = 0.0057) galaxies using broad-band photometry from the Sloan Digital Sky Survey and GALEX. For each galaxy, we compare the stellar mass derived by summing the mass of each pixel to that found from fitting the entire galaxy treated as an unresolved point source. We find that, while the pixel-by-pixel and unresolved masses of galaxies with low specific star formation rates (sSFRs, such as ellipticals and lenticulars) are in rough agreement, the unresolved mass estimate for star-forming galaxies is systematically lower than the measurement from spatially resolved photometry. The discrepancy is strongly correlated with sSFR, with the highest sSFRs in our sample having masses underestimated by 25 per cent (0.12 dex) when treated as point sources. We found a simple relation to statistically correct mass estimates derived from unresolved broad-band SED fitting to the resolved mass estimates: m<SUB>resolved</SUB> = m<SUB>unresolved</SUB>/(-0.057log (sSFR) + 0.34), where sSFR is in units of yr<SUP>-1</SUP>. We study the effect of varying spatial resolution by degrading the image resolution of the largest images and find a sharp decrease in the pixel-by-pixel mass estimate at a physical scale of approximately 3 kpc, which is comparable to spiral arm widths. The effects we observe are consistent with the `outshining' idea which posits that the youngest stellar populations mask more massive, older - and thus fainter - stellar populations. Although the presence of strong dust lanes can also lead to a drastic difference between resolved and unresolved mass estimates (up to 45 per cent or 0.3 dex) for any individual galaxy, we found that resolving dust does not affect mass estimates on average. The strong correlation between mass discrepancy and sSFR is thus most likely due to the outshining systematic bias. | 9 |
systems and methods provide for the fixation of osteoporotic and non - osteoporotic long bones , especially colles &# 39 ; fractures . a cannula having a circumferential opening is inserted into cancellous bone and directed such that the circumferential opening faces the fracture . the cannula is further adapted to receive an expandable structure , the expandable structure being inserted through the cannula until it is in registration with the circumferential opening . the expandable structure is expanded through the circumferential opening into cancellous bone and toward the fracture . the expansion of the expandable structure through the circumferential opening toward the fracture causes compression of cancellous bone and moves fractured cortical bone , thus creating a cavity proximal to the fracture . the cavity is then filled with a flowable bone filling material and the material allowed to harden . | 0 |
high - volume mass - production and customization of complex three - dimensional polymer and polymer - derived - ceramic microstructures are manufactured in a single step directly from three - dimensional computer models . a projection based non - degenerate two - photon induced photopolymerization method overcomes the drawbacks of conventional one and two - photon fabrication methods . the structure includes dual , synchronized , high - peak power , pulsed femtosecond and picosecond lasers combined with spatial light modulation . applications include high - resolution rapid prototyping and rapid manufacturing with an emphasis on fabrication of various micro - electro - mechanical systems devices , especially in the area of mems packaging . | 1 |
integrated voltage multiplier circuit for low supply voltage . in order to improve the signal - to - noise ratio in battery - operated switched capacitor filter circuits in hearing aids , the range of modulation can be increased by doubling the supply voltage . a circuit for voltage multiplication in cmos technology generates a negative voltage for a given voltage . in order to be able to utilize both clock phases , a two - stage embodiment is selected , both of these working onto a smoothing capacitor . the voltage multiplier circuit is driven by a fourth inverter stage and with a level converter having a connected , third inverter stage . | 7 |
a method for fabricating semiconductor device is disclosed . the method includes the steps of : providing a substrate having at least one fin - shaped structure thereon , in which the fin - shaped structure comprises a top portion and a bottom portion ; and forming a doped layer and a first liner around the bottom portion of the fin - shaped structure . | 7 |
a spark plug includes a ceramic component , whose surface is at least in part coated with a glaze , with the glaze containing 0 . 6 % to 4 % by weight of fluoride and 6 % to 11 . 2 % by weight of zinc oxide . | 7 |
a practically fast electroless copper plating solution is provided by adding a specific monoamine as an accelerator . the accelerator should be a tertiary monoamine and cannot be a diamine , does not have a complexing ability for copper ion , and does not contain a ketone or carboxyl group or an unsaturated group . specific examples of such monoamines include triethylamine , tripropylamine , tribenzylamine , n - methyl - piperidine , and tris amine , n - methylmorpholine . | 2 |
It is now well-established that the stellar initial mass function (IMF) can be determined from the absorption line spectra of old stellar systems, and this has been used to measure the IMF and its variation across the early-type galaxy population. Previous work focused on measuring the slope of the IMF over one or more stellar mass intervals, implicitly assuming that this is a good description of the IMF and that the IMF has a universal low-mass cutoff. In this work we consider more flexible IMFs, including two-component power laws with a variable low-mass cutoff and a general non-parametric model. We demonstrate with mock spectra that the detailed shape of the IMF can be accurately recovered as long as the data quality is high (S/N ≳ 300 Å<SUP>-1</SUP>) and cover a wide wavelength range (0.4-1.0 μm). We apply these flexible IMF models to a high S/N spectrum of the center of the massive elliptical galaxy NGC 1407. Fitting the spectrum with non-parametric IMFs, we find that the IMF in the center shows a continuous rise extending toward the hydrogen-burning limit, with a behavior that is well-approximated by a power law with an index of -2.7. These results provide strong evidence for the existence of extreme (super-Salpeter) IMFs in the cores of massive galaxies. | 9 |
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