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LA123089-0063_2

RAP'S RISE PARALLELS HISTORY OF EARLY ROCK

a means of self-identity and expression, urban black teens in the early '80s adopted rap as a grass-roots way to express the aspirations and frustrations that were being ignored in a black music world as stagnant as the pop-rock mainstream. But few rock fans saw this link in the early days of rap. The music -- once defined as rhythmic talking over a funk beat -- sounded alien. The vocals were recited rather than sung, and the backing tracks relied on a steady, aggressive rhythm with little of the guitar and drum sounds of rock. The creative breakthrough for this New York-centered style was Grandmaster Flash & the Furious Five's "The Message." The stark 1982 tale of ghetto alienation illustrated that rap could be a powerful and passionate forum. While "The Message" was a critical favorite, it didn't dent the pop consciousness. The record that did the most to make rap welcome in the pop-rock community was Run-DMC's 1986 remake of "Walk This Way," the old Aerosmith hit. Progress since then has been dramatic -- an explosion of energy and imagination that has established rap as arguably the most vital new street-oriented sound in pop since the beginning of rock itself. While New York, which pioneered rap, continues to produce worthy new stars, the most compelling movements in rap at the decade's end are centered in Los Angeles -- in the humor and spunk of the Delicious Vinyl stable of artists, including Tone Loc and Young M.C., and in the urban gang imagery of N.W.A and Ice-T. Though there is a strong anti-drug, pro-education message in much rap, there are also references in some records that are as troubling as street rage itself -- moments tarnished by misogynistic, anti-gay, anti-police and racist attitudes. When these issues are raised, the rap artists involved argue that the viewpoints in the songs -- such as the aggressive gang imagery of N.W.A -- are reflections of the reality of street life and attitudes. Rap's future is one of the most intriguing questions facing pop in the '90s. Can the raw music form maintain its street vitality in the face of growing commercial acceptance, or will it become a "faceless" victim of its own success -- much as rock did in the first half of the '70s? Also, can it find a way to express social anger without resorting to social slander? RELATED STORY: F5

LA123089-0064_0

RAP MANIFESTO LEADS THE LIST OF '80S SINGLES

December 30, 1989, Saturday, Home Edition Who imagined seven years ago that a New York rap record that failed even to crack the national Top 40 would stand as the most noteworthy single of the decade? Hailed by pop critics but little-known initially outside the emerging East Coast rap scene, "The Message" by Grandmaster Flash & the Furious Five was a hugely influential record in the development of rap, the most persuasive new pop sound of the '80s. The dramatic chronicle of the tension and despair of ghetto life also outlined a series of social issues, from homelessness to gang crime, that would continue to be addressed by rap and other pop artists through the decade. The first challenge of pop is to be appealing musically, but the most compelling records also convey a strong point of view. That doesn't always mean social commentary, but at least a passionate and convincing tone that combines imagination, craft and heart. The best singles of the '80s: 1. Grandmaster Flash & the Furious Five's "The Message" (Sugar Hill, 1982) -- This blueprint was studied by such varied and acclaimed rap forces as Run-DMC, Boogie Down Productions, Public Enemy, N.W.A and De La Soul. Sample line: 'Cause it's all about money Ain't a damned thing funny You have to have a con In this land of milk and honey. 2. U2's "I Still Haven't Found What I'm Looking For" (Island, 1987) -- Typical of the cautious idealism of the '80s, this majestic single by the Irish rock group carried a humble, almost wary edge that was shaped by the disillusionments of the '60s and '70s. 3. Prince's "Controversy" (Warner Bros., 1981) -- To underscore Prince's position as the premier hit-maker of the '80s, two of his singles are included on today's list. This one, a mocking slap at rigid pop and social attitudes, introduced his provocative sex 'n' salvation vision. 4. Michael Jackson's "Billie Jean" (Epic, 1983) -- Sparked by a captivating vocal and one of the most striking rhythm tracks ever in pop, this bizarre riddle about temptation and guilt was a masterpiece of pop dynamics. 5. Prince's "When Doves Cry" (Warner Bros., 1984) -- Or, to underscore Prince's productivity, perhaps "Little Red Corvette," "1999," "Purple Rain," "Kiss," "Mountains" or "U Got the Look." 6. Bruce Springsteen's "Brilliant Disguise" (Columbia, 1987) -- "Born in the U.S.A." was the more powerful anthem, but this

LA123089-0065_1

PUBLIC ENEMY LYRICS REKINDLE CONTROVERSY

is to him -- a development which he finds particularly disturbing in the wake of a visit which he says Chuck D paid to the center's Holocaust museum two weeks ago. "Chuck spent an hour (at the museum) with me and a survivor of the Holocaust," Cooper said. "He went out of his way to say (then and in earlier conversations) he was not anti-Semitic, but this song crosses the line. So my message to him is, 'Will the real Chuck D please stand forward?' " Chuck D could not be reached for comment Friday, but was quoted in the New York Daily News as insisting that "Terrordome" is not anti-Semitic -- that the lines are about the media "crucifying" him. By the "chosen" he said that he meant Jews and Muslims. Cooper is not appeased. "The song is definitely anti-Semitic," he said. "The people who wrote it, who produced it and the record company that released it know it. We had the problem with Griff before. Now they've institutionalized it." Along with Cooper, the Anti-Defamation League is also holding the record company accountable and has sent a written protest to CBS Records president Tommy Mottola. In the letter, Jeffrey Sinesky, ADL Civil Rights Division director, said the lyrics revived the "repulsive and historically discredited charge" that the Jews killed Christ. Mottola was said to be on vacation and unavailable for response. Public Enemy's last album, "It Takes a Nation of Millions to Hold Us Back," sold more than 500,000 copies and was named best album of 1988 in a Village Voice poll of more than 200 U.S. pop critics. Los Angeles rap radio station KDAY-AM began playing "Terrordome" even before it was released this week and the station's Michael Palmer, who often fields calls from people requesting various songs, suggests that most KDAY listeners respond to the beat rather than to the lyrics. But Cooper believes the lyrics cannot be ignored. "It's a tip-off that the impact of Farrakhan with this group and with young blacks in general is more profound than we want to recognize," he said. Chuck D, however, says the lyrics are being over-interpreted. "I'm not saying the Jews killed Christ," he said in New York. "I'm commenting on the way the media came after me at the time. I'm telling the story from my perspective; my message is that we have to look after ourselves."

LA123089-0085_0

NORTHWEST PLANNED TO DISCLOSE BOMB THREAT AT THE GATE

December 30, 1989, Saturday, Home Edition Northwest Airlines did not plan to notify passengers of a bomb threat against its Paris-to-Detroit flight until they arrived at the boarding gate today, airline officials said Friday. But after the threat was disclosed in a Swedish newspaper, the airline made it public Thursday, two days in advance of today's scheduled departure, officials said. As many as 30 passengers are said to have asked for a different flight, according to the Associated Press. However, many passengers are still unaware of the threat and will only find out today when they arrive at the gate, Northwest officials said. The predicament of Northwest Flight 51 illustrates dilemmas facing all airlines when terrorist threats are made. Most, including Northwest, say they will inform passengers in advance as a matter of policy. However, such publicity could hurt the ability of authorities to investigate the threats. But in most cases, notification well in advance is often impossible because threats usually come only moments before flights are scheduled to depart. Most threats turn out to be hoaxes. "If we get to the point where we felt there was a possibility of serious harm toward a passenger or a plane, we would then make a public announcement," said Donald Morrison, a spokesman for Trans World Airlines. The controversy heated up about a year ago when Pan American World Airways Flight 103 was blown up over Lockerbie, Scotland, killing 259 passengers. The Federal Aviation Administration had learned about a threat to a Pan Am flight between West Germany and the United States based on a single phone call. But the phone call was later termed a hoax by the airline, and Pan Am did not inform passengers. What makes the Northwest case somewhat different is that the threat was made so much before flight time, giving authorities more time to investigate and beef up security. Northwest won't say when it got the threat. But when it did, the airline said, it immediately notified authorities. When a newspaper in Sweden ran a story that there had been a threat against the flight, it triggered an agreement between the Minneapolis-based carrier and U.S. and French government authorities. The agreement specified that if there were any leaks about the threat, the airline could also make it public. "We were working with the Central Intelligence Agency, the Federal Bureau of Investigation, the State Department and French

LA123089-0088_2

MONEY TALK / CARLA LAZZARESCHI: CONFUSION OVER MEDICARE SURTAX REPEAL

his new employer. We advised him that one of the special tax benefits available to pension plan withdrawals -- five- or 10-year income averaging -- would be available if he put his 401(k) funds into a separate IRA account, segregated from all other retirements savings. This is true, but only if he later rolls those IRA funds -- untouched -- into a qualified pension plan of some sort. This qualified plan could be offered by a future employer or it could be a Keogh plan he later establishes should he go into business for himself. The point is that, if our reader wants to take advantage of the special income averaging, the IRA must only be used as a temporary parking place for the funds. You cannot take advantage of the income averaging, which can save you thousands when you begin receiving distributions near retirement, when you withdraw straight from an IRA. This advantage is available only for withdrawals from a qualified pension plan. New Retiree Will Still Pay Social Security Tax Q: I am 65 years old and will be retiring as of Dec. 31 of this year. I expect to receive a significant payment in 1990 for work I performed in 1989. I realize that I will have to pay income taxes on this payment when I file my return for 1990. But what about Social Security taxes? Will I have to make a contribution to the Social Security fund based on these earnings in 1990 even though I am technically unemployed? I have already paid the maximum Social Security tax for 1989. -- M.L. A: Yes, in addition to income taxes, you will be assessed Social Security taxes on the income you receive in 1990, even though that payment is for work performed in 1989. The way the system works, you are taxed based on when the payment is received, not when the work is performed. So even though you paid the maximum tax in 1989 and will be technically unemployed -- and may even be receiving Social Security benefits in 1990 -- you will owe Social Security taxes on the final employment payment you receive in 1990. However, in case it matters, you should know that whatever income you receive in 1990 based on your 1989 work will not in any way reduce the amount of Social Security benefits you are allowed to receive during 1990.

LA123089-0095_0

ISRAELI POLICE BREAK UP PEACE MARCH IN JERUSALEM

December 30, 1989, Saturday, Home Edition Police fired tear gas, pulled demonstrators by their hair and struck them with night sticks to break up a peace march in Jerusalem on Friday by more than 3,000 Israeli, Palestinian, European and American women. The hourlong procession from Jewish West Jerusalem to Arab East Jerusalem was without incident until the end, when an outlawed Palestinian flag was raised, and police dispersed the marchers. Police said 16 people were detained. Reporters saw police drag several women away by their hair or clothes. Some were struck with night sticks and several were kicked. All foreigners were later released. The women's march was part of a program organized by peace activists that is to culminate today with about 1,200 visiting Europeans and Americans expected to link hands with Israelis and Palestinians in a human chain around Jerusalem's Old City. The "1990 -- Time for Peace" demonstration today is intended to symbolize the unity of peace activists who endorse a negotiated Middle East peace settlement. Most of the marchers were Europeans and Jewish Israelis, with a smaller number being Americans and Israeli Arab women. Penny Rosenwasser of Oakland, who joined the march, said she came to find out for herself about the situation. "I came because our government is so heavily involved in the occupation and, as a Jew, I felt I had to do something," Rosenwasser said. She added that she also was ashamed of the Israeli treatment of Palestinians. The army also said Friday soldiers accidentally shot two 12-year-old Palestinian boys during an assault on masked Arabs a day earlier in the occupied Gaza Strip. Both were reported in good condition at a Gaza hospital.

LA123089-0104_1

MOYNIHAN URGES SOCIAL SECURITY TAX CUT, RETURN TO PAY-AS-YOU-GO BENEFITS SYSTEM

after the end of World War II begin to retire in the early part of the next century. But Moynihan and others said that the huge surpluses have been used instead to mask the size of the federal deficit. Without the surpluses, Congress and the Administration would have to make more drastic spending cuts or generate new revenue to meet deficit reduction targets. "We can no longer tolerate the use of Social Security surpluses to finance, say, B-2 bombers or a capital gains tax cut," he added. The deficit for fiscal 1989, Moynihan said, would be $204 billion instead of $152 billion if the Social Security surplus had not been counted. Congressional Budget Office projections show the Social Security surplus rising to $236 billion in the year 2000, virtually concealing a deficit of $268 billion in other government transactions. Although there is strong support in the Senate for excluding the trust fund surpluses in calculating the budget deficit, President Bush has opposed any change in the current accounting system. He is also expected to oppose Moynihan's proposed cut in the payroll tax because of revenue losses estimated at $7 billion next year and $55 billion in 1991. The fate of the proposal is difficult to predict. The 7.65% tax -- including 1.45% for Medicare, which everyone pays -- will be imposed next year on both workers and employers on all earnings up to a cutoff of $51,300, with a maximum tax of $3,924 for each. Moynihan contends that it is unfair tax policy to rely so heavily on a payroll tax that allows no deductions and takes the same percentage from everyone regardless of their ability to pay. "The United States almost certainly now has the most regressive tax structure of any Western nation," he said. "This is so because the Social Security payroll tax -- which is decidely regressive -- has come to make up an increasingly larger share of total federal tax levies." About three-fourths of all wage-earners, he said, will pay more in Social Security taxes in 1990 than they will pay in federal income taxes, which are more geared to the ability to pay. Under the legislation that Moynihan will introduce when Congress reconvenes in late January, an increase in the Social Security payroll tax to 7.65% from 7.51%, due to take effect Monday, would be repealed. If the 1990 tax is held at the 1989

LA123089-0125_7

HOMELESS ALIENS DRIFT AMID S. COUNTY WEALTH; IMMIGRATION: WITH UNATTAINABLE PROSPERITY IN SIGHT, LATINO MIGRANTS MAKE THEIR HOMES IN BOXES AND BUSHES. THEY HOP FREIGHTS TO ORANGE COUNTY TO SEEK A BETTER LIFE.

the tracks, Solis' eyes are constantly scanning the terrain ahead. "The immigration," he explains. "I have been sent back two times already." INS border patrol spokesman Ted Swofford said agents are aware of the Capistrano Beach bush dwellers. "We make daytime patrols of the day laborers," he said. But "as far as going out of our way to raid their sleeping areas, that's not something we are used to doing." The INS does make constant checks of the trains running between San Diego and Orange County, Swofford said, adding that Dana Point has long been a drop-off point for illegal immigrants. City officials and law enforcement officers in both Dana Point and San Juan Capistrano say transients have camped out near the railroad tracks for at least 15 years, or longer. "Actually, travelers have stopped over in San Juan Capistrano on their way north for centuries," said San Juan Capistrano City Manager Stephen B. Julien. Fourteen years ago, Christian Pederson found out what it was like to be homeless in Dana Point. The San Clemente auto mechanic was living in his native Peru when a friend described the opportunities in the United States. "He told me about the nice houses and the cars and I said, 'Why not go?' " Pederson recalled. After a hazardous trip that was marred by several run-ins with police in South America and Mexico, Pederson arrived in South County. His first home was a deserted fisherman's shack in Dana Point Harbor where he stayed for several weeks until enough money could be saved for an apartment. Today, he owns his own auto road service and volunteers at Calvary Church. In training to become a pastor, Pederson conducts worship services where he finds illegal immigrants willing to listen. "I was hurt, I was miserable and God gave me life," he said. "So when I see people who are hurting, I have to do something about it." On one recent morning, Pederson gathered four illegal aliens, including Solis, outside an art supply store in Capistrano Beach for an impromptu fellowship service. As cold winds blew small scraps of paper around the tiny congregation, the men stood in a circle with their heads bowed while Pederson recited prayers in Spanish on the concrete sidewalks outside the store. "They seem so eager," Pederson said. "They have a vision of prosperity for the future. I try to teach them hope."

LA123089-0130_0

ORANGE COUNTY FOCUS: COSTA MESA; POLICE TO TARGET DRUNK DRIVERS

December 30, 1989, Saturday, Orange County Edition For New Year's Eve, city police plan to do more of what they do often -- arrest drunk drivers. Sixteen officers and the police helicopter will be devoted entirely to pulling over holiday drunks. The city's Driving Under the Influence Task Force will operate from 7:30 p.m. to 3:30 a.m. with two-man teams of officers patrolling the streets and the copter watching from above for suspiciously weaving motorists. Normally, the city has a single two-man team of officers patrolling for drunk drivers. Over the past two years, the teams have logged more than 1,400 drunk driving arrests and won recognition from Mothers Against Drunk Driving, according to Sgt. Tom Winter. For revelers who have had one drink too many on New Year's Eve, Yellow Cab of North Orange County and Orange Coast Yellow Cab will be offering free rides home under a program sponsored by local beer and wine wholesalers, he said.

LA123089-0133_0

ORANGE COUNTY FOCUS: COUNTYWIDE; 18% OF STUDENTS LACK FLUENCY IN ENGLISH

December 30, 1989, Saturday, Orange County Edition More than 18% of Orange County's public school students are not fluent in English, almost double the number six years ago, according to a statewide end-of-the-decade report on language proficiency released Friday by the state Department of Education. The Orange County numbers closely reflect statewide figures that show an explosive growth in the number of limited-English-speaking students in grades kindergarten through 12, according to the report. "The influx of students from non-English-speaking backgrounds is a big challenge for our schools," state Supt. of Public Instruction Bill Honig said in a statement Friday. "It comes at a time when California's schools are already the most crowded in the nation, and when we are demanding higher levels of performance from our educators and our students." James Fulton of the state Education Department's demographics unit said the number of limited-English students in Orange County soared from 33,133 in 1982 to 64,544 in 1989. Total student enrollment in Orange County grew by only 2% during the same period, he said. As a percentage of the total school enrollment, the limited-English student population rose from 9.6% in 1982 to 18.4% in 1989, Fulton said. The report also found that another 47,000 Orange County students who speak a foreign language at home are fluent in English. But Fulton noted that most of those students are in the upper grades. "When you look at kindergarten through six, for example, roughly seven in 10 students are LEP (limited-English-proficiency) kids," Fulton said. "When we look at FEPs (fluent-English proficiency), we find that it's about 51% in grades seven through 12." Most of the LEP students in all grades statewide speak Spanish, according to the report. In Orange County, 47,577 of the 64,544 LEP students, or about 73.7%, speak Spanish; 7,182, or 11.1%, speak Vietnamese; and 1,772 students, or 2.7%, speak Korean. Of the nine other major languages in county schools -- Cantonese, Cambodian, Filipino, Hmong, Lao, Mandarin, Armenian, Japanese and Farsi -- there are less than 1,000 LEP students in each. TONY MARCANO

LA123089-0139_1

FADS WE LOVED TO HATE

of "Miami Vice"? Oh sure, they looked fine for a while. All those nice pastels blended so nicely with the palm trees, sort of like Corona del Mar with an MTV soundtrack. Ferraris breaking the sound barrier, sort of like Coast Highway in Newport Beach. Huge amounts of drugs seized in police raids, sort of like a lot of places in Orange County. But be serious now; do you really miss the local version: 50-year-old men with 50-inch waists wearing Easter-egg-colored, unlined linen jackets, sleeves rolled up to the elbow, a sky blue T-shirt, loafers without socks, French-cut underwear, moussed hair (or what's left of it), squeezing behind the wheel of their Testerossas? Wearing their Ray-Bans inside a seaside bar where they wrapped their lips around a bottle of Corona? And for heaven's sakes, don't forget the lime wedge. And after all that, they still prefer Quarter-Pounders. McDonald's branched out from hamburgers (over 30 zillion served) to chicken, ribs, eggs, muffins, and order-takers whose silly grins came straight from those insipid smiley-face buttons (see Fads of the '70s We Loved to Hate). Elsewhere, the foodies were consuming blue corn tortillas. True. Blue. The color of sky, mouthwash and frostbite. The salad wars featured radicchio battling arugula for the "must" ingredient of the decade. Spaghetti became pasta and immediately went up $5 a plate. Nouvelle cuisine threatened to make anorexia commonplace. Silver lining: You could burn the steak or fish beyond recognition over the back-yard barbie (using mesquite coals, of course) but rescue it by slathering on large amounts of hot sauce and spices and passing it off as "Cajun." Does anyone really care who's in the trunk? The original rationale of "Baby on Board" signs was that when the paramedics arrived at the crash scene with jaws of life at the ready and draped the sheet over your body, they wouldn't say, "Hey, what a night. Let's head for Winchell's." No, the sign would spur them to look through the iron-and-steel pancake for the infant needing help. This assumed that the sign, unlike you, survived the crash. And was somewhere where it could be read. And was removed from the car each and every time a baby was not on board. The one silver lining of the signs was an offshoot it spawned: "Mother-in-law in trunk." That one was funny -- the first time you saw it. Body by Nautilus,

LA123089-0139_3

FADS WE LOVED TO HATE

brain by Mattel. In the old days there were gyms. They were smelly and so were the people who used them. You wore a leotard only if you knew a plie from a jete. If you rode a bike, it meant you couldn't afford a car. Or you had picked up one too many DUIs. Now the gym is a health club. The leotards make fashion statements and you wear them to the supermarket. The bike costs $2,000 -- and get this, it doesn't go anywhere. It's an exercise bike. You get on it and pedal your little heart out. You're exhausted. You push the button and the bike's built-in computer, the reason it costs $2,000, flashes the message, "You're exhausted." And all this has spawned exercise accessories like ankle warmers, wristlets and coordinated headbands. The men are wearing Spandex bicycle shorts. They shouldn't. After paying hundreds of dollars to join a club and $50 or more a month to stay a member, you can develop more than your muscles. You can develop a "relationship." Two hard bodies meeting in the Stairmaster line. A fitting successor to discos. Because I'm counting on you to finance my retirement at age 50, that's why. If you're just looking for a glorified baby sitter, try day care. But as more parents started pushing for their kids to actually learn something in the process, they picked nursery schools. The result: nursery schools with waiting lists. Proving you can't start learning adult behavior too early. Tots' togs bore designer labels. The simplest gifts for teens carried price tags of $100 and up. Even sneakers. By the time their bones creaked and their hands shook and they were all of 17, it was time to order up that gleaming, long, white, stretch limo to go to the prom in style. Not to worry about higher education, though: Saturday study classes became popular (with parents, anyway). And were accompanied by consultants on how to get to college. "Study, study, study." Reach out and crush someone. It was the biggest corporation in America. Its stock was a widow's delight, conservative, good on dividends, no worries. Just say AT&T. Above all, the company worked. It actually worked. They broke it up. Of course. Now you buy your own phone, plug it into the phone jack and pray nothing goes wrong. Need the jack repaired? Good, show us your $100

LA123089-0139_7

FADS WE LOVED TO HATE

above. And Trivial Pursuit shared something in common with "Rocky": It developed sequels. The next sound you hear will be your arteries clanging shut. All of a sudden everyone knew his cholesterol count: 150 (vegetarian); 200 (lookin' mighty fine, guy); 250 (your wife looks good in black anyway). Then came a book saying, "Wait a minute, maybe we've got it wrong. Maybe it's low cholesterol that hurts." They're not the only ones who have changed. Plastic surgeons made faces tight, breasts large, stomachs flat. Dentists, needing to come up with college tuition for their kids, invented new ways to separate people from their money too. Tooth bonding. Porcelain veneering. Plastic, nearly invisible braces. They discovered gum problems in middle-age men who were trying to get their own kids through college. The lawyers paid off the dentists by billing us $450 an hour. We told the kids to win scholarships. Cross-dressing ex-cons and the biker gang members who love them. Or vice versa. He opened a safe. It was empty. He stuck his nose in other people's business. It got broken. But did he take the hint? Did he leave? Uh-uh. Oh, Geraldo. He had company. Oprah lost weight. Phil grew a beard. Sally had three names. Whatever. The forces of daytime TV talk shows turned over rocks in every burg in America, looking for people who hated their friends, loved their enemies and took their clothes off when they shudn't oughta' done that. For those wanting more in-depth reportage, though, there were People and Us magazines. Not to be confused with Interview and Vanity Fair. The decade of gossip even had a theme song: "Dirty Laundry." How do you tell a drunken sailor? It used to be seamen on shore leave who got tattoos. Every once in a while there'd be a mass murderer with Mom or Love burned onto his biceps in indelible ink. But then came the disclosure that Secretary of State George Shultz has a Princeton tiger tattooed on a part of his body seen only by his wife and the guys in the locker room. Mark Gastineau and Brigitte Nielsen got tattooed for each other. We didn't see theirs, either. And finally Cher turned her back on us, wore an incredible outfit -- even by her standards -- and showed us her tattoo. On anyone else, we wouldn't have seen it, but you know that Cher.

LA123090-0024_3

VILLAGE LIFE IN PHILIPPINES: A STRUGGLE TO SURVIVE; POVERTY: UNEMPLOYMENT IS HIGH, IN PART BECAUSE YOUNG MEN OFTEN QUIT JOBS. 'WHEN YOU WORK, YOU STILL EARN NOTHING,' ONE SAID.

work to improve your condition." One istambay, Ronnie Tejade, 28, says he worked most recently at an appliance factory until he accumulated enough seniority to qualify for severance pay. He then quit, collected his money and used it to pay off his debts because his salary of $36 a month fell short of his expenses. "When I don't work, I earn nothing," Tejade says. "When you work, you still earn nothing. It comes to that." But fatalism has prevented this sense of hopelessness from becoming the catalyst for social revolution. "I'm not blaming the government," Tejade says as he sips his whiskey. "We were born this way. We have to live our lives this way." Lack of educational opportunities contribute to the cycle. Pililla has a free, state-run elementary school, but the nearest public high school is 15 miles away in Morong. There is no free school bus service, and many parents cannot afford the $14-a-month transportation charge, as well as fees for books, meals and uniforms. For the more ambitious provinciano, the ticket to a better life has traditionally been a job abroad, especially in the Middle East. About 500,000 Filipinos work in Saudi Arabia and send home their savings to families in the provinces. Many "Saudi boys," as they are known locally, return with savings that they invest in small businesses, such as neighborhood stores. "I have a dream, but it's still unfulfilled," says Hermi Retuerna, 28, a foreman on a small farm. "I want to join my brother in Saudi Arabia. I want to leave for the future of my two children." Long-term separations strain family ties, but the alternatives are worse. "You may be together but you have nothing to eat and you cannot send your children to school," says Mrs. Bolante, whose husband works in Saudi Arabia and sends $200 a month to his wife and five children. "At least there's an assurance you'll be able to eat." Family ties, strong in Philippine culture, keep many villagers from leaving. As in other Asian societies, Filipinos often live in extended families, with aged parents, breadwinners and children under the same roof. Breadwinners pool their resources for the family's livelihood. Those who cannot work are rarely turned away. The system inhibits a natural flow of workers to available jobs and keeps unemployment rates high in impoverished areas. But it also provides an economic and psychological cushion in

LA123090-0028_0

DROUGHT SPURS ANOTHER ISRAELI-ARAB CONFLICT

December 30, 1990, Sunday, Bulldog Edition Israel has stopped pumping water from the Sea of Galilee and the River Jordan has become a dirty, brown stream. Palestinians often are lucky to get a drip when they turn on the faucet. Israel is suffering a drought, which in the Middle East means much more than not being able to sprinkle the lawn. Water is another of the region's many crises, extending beyond Israel to Turkey, Syria, Jordan and Iraq. Water is inseparable from Israel's conflict with the Arabs, and especially the Palestinians in the occupied territories. Agriculture minister Rafael Eitan has run full-page newspaper ads warning Israelis that their country would lose nearly 60% of its water if it gave up the occupied West Bank. "Water is an extremely scarce resource in Israel," the ads say. "In fact, it is in many ways the limiting factor on the country's future development." As thousands of Soviet immigrants pour in monthly, with 1 million expected by the end of 1992, everyone fears a shortage. Palestinians see Israel's handling of water as another attempt to drive them from the occupied West Bank and Gaza Strip. "Water is a final solution to the Palestinian problem," said Saeb Erakat, a professor of political science at An-Najah University in the West Bank. "Denying Palestinians water means, 'Get out.' " Erakat turned on the tap at his home in Jericho, an oasis city since ancient times. A few drops trickled out and he said: "No water, no life." Eitan calls Israel's dwindling water sources "a potential catastrophe." On Nov. 25, Israel stopped pumping water from the Sea of Galilee, which supplies about a quarter of its drinking water. The sea had dropped to within 2 inches of the level where more pumping could turn it into a salt lake. Reports say the country's underground water also is near the danger level. Predictions are for a late, plentiful rainfall this winter, but November ended without significant rainfall. A group of rabbis even held a special prayer for rain. The Gaza Strip has more serious problems than the West Bank or Israel. Open sewers in crowded refugee camps drain into its only water source, an aquifer nearly destroyed by overuse. Israel already pumps in water for the few thousand Jewish settlers and 750,000 Arabs in Gaza. In the long run, Eitan talks of importing water from Turkey or Eastern Europe

LA123090-0029_0

GRANDMOTHERS STEP IN TO REAR CHILDREN AS MOTHERS SUCCUMB TO CRACK; DRUGS: 'THE ABSENCE OF A FATHER IS BAD, BUT NOW THE MOTHER IS MISSING,' ONE EXPERT SAYS. OLDER RELATIVES ARE FORCED TO CARE FOR ANOTHER GENERATION.

December 30, 1990, Sunday, Bulldog Edition Shirley Ceasar is 27, and she is expecting her 10th child. But another baby won't be a burden for her. Like the rest of her kids, the child will be taken care of by its grandmother. Shirley, a crack addict for at least four years, lives in Harlem with her boyfriend, the father of all her children. Her mother, Sarah Mae Ceasar, lives a 15-minute subway ride away, in a housing project in lower Manhattan. There, in a cramped three-bedroom apartment, Sarah Ceasar takes care of five of her grandchildren, including 11-year-old Walique, who was born deaf and mentally retarded. Shirley's other children are cared for by their paternal grandmother. "I used to go up and see them and there was nothing in the refrigerator to eat, no clothes for them to wear, they weren't even going to school," said Sarah Ceasar, 57, who is hoping to adopt the children. "I'd bring them clothes. Their father would sell the clothes for drugs." In New York City and other large metropolitan areas, grandmothers such as Ceasar are the glue holding together many poor black families splintered by drugs. In the last five years, the crack epidemic has made addicts of more young minority women than any other drug in history. In particular, experts say, it has threatened the tradition of black women who often hold their families together. "There's a quality in crack that is so quickly addictive that people don't get away with experimenting with it," said Richard Johnson, director of the Jewish Child Care Assn. of New York. "Women who would normally retain some responsibility and some conscience about their children don't have the chance. They're addicted so quickly. They're just lost." Since 1985, the number of children in New York City's kinship foster care program, which allows grandmothers and other relatives to receive aid for taking care of dependents, has jumped from 150 to 17,000. Seventy percent of the placements of children within kinship foster care are the result of mothers' crack addiction, Johnson said. "Certainly the absence of a father is bad, but now the mother is missing," said Melba Hamilton, director of the Harlem Dowling Children's Service. "These children are facing a very bleak future." And, as a result, grandmothers like Sarah Ceasar have been called upon to assume enormous family burdens. They are mostly Southern women, tied to a

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YAKIMA REBEL STANDS GROUND FOR FISHING RIGHTS; INDIANS: DAVID SOHAPPY BELIEVES IN TRADITION AND AN 1855 TREATY GUARANTEEING AN UNLIMITED SALMON AND STEELHEAD HARVEST.

December 30, 1990, Sunday, Bulldog Edition The old fishing platform sags, held up by ropes, a few rotting boards and perhaps the ghosts of fishermen who lived at a time when Indians pulled as many salmon as they wanted from the Columbia River. David Sohappy, a Yakima religious leader and rebel, believes that is a right worth fighting for. "I want to go fishing whenever I feel like it. With no strings attached whatsoever," Sohappy says. It is an idea as dated as the old-fashioned platform, long since supplanted by powerboats. But for Sohappy, there is no compromising his belief that Indians have the right to fish when and where they want, guaranteed by the Yakima Nation's Treaty of 1855. After 20 months in prison, suffering a stroke and being threatened with eviction from his ramshackle home, he still refuses to give up. In 1984, U.S. District Judge George Boldt of Tacoma issued a ruling limiting Indian rights to half the harvestable salmon and steelhead in the Puget Sound region. That decision arose, in part, from protests Sohappy and other Indian began in 1968 over state restrictions on their fishing. For all the fuss he has created, Sohappy rarely fishes. He prefers to spend his time watching soap operas and TV news. A frail 65-year-old man with one arm crippled by the stroke, he speaks barely above a mumble and leans on an old golf putter to walk. "I speak softly but carry a big stick," he joked, brandishing the putter. In the latest chapter of this rebel's saga, Sen. Brock Adams (D-Wash.) and Sen. Daniel Inouye (D-Hawaii), are asking the government to stop eviction efforts against Sohappy. The government argues that the Cooks Landing fishing site where Sohappy lives with his wife and some of his seven children is supposed to be a river access point for all Indians, not a private home. Sohappy built a long house -- a communal dwelling that also serves as a church -- on this spit of land on the shore of the mile-wide Columbia, east of Vancouver, Wash., in the early 1960s. The long house stands as a protest to the flooding of more than 40 Indian homes and 37 of their fishing spots with construction of Bonneville Dam in 1937. The government agreed in 1945 to replace those homes and fishing sites, but little progress has been made. Sohappy says he

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JUDGE SHAKES UP THE SYSTEM IN DRIVE FOR NEW FACILITIES; ACTIVISM: PAM ILES IS NEARING HER GOAL FOR A PROPOSED $190-MILLION CIVIC CENTER. THE AREA OF ORANGE COUNTY HAS EXPERIENCED SKYROCKETING POPULATION GROWTH.

the road from the court, the office is even more claustrophobic. The Sheriff's Department serves four cities in the South County in addition to its unincorporated territory -- the largest such area left in the county. It moved into its modular trailer -- complete with wheels and license plates -- in 1979. The staff, including civilians and sheriff's deputies, totaled 95 people. Now, 226 people occupy the same space. Male and female deputies change into their uniforms in the parking lot, and employees have to step around holes in the floor, said Assistant Sheriff Dennis LaDucer. There are no interview rooms, he said, so rape victims are interrogated in full view of other staff. "The conditions have reached almost crisis proportions," LaDucer said. "There has been a cavalier approach to our concern. It doesn't seem that anybody is moving or showing care at all for those men and women who go out to protect the community. All we're asking for is a few of the basic amenities, like lockers and showers." Two years ago, after spending more than $350,000 to study an expansion for the Laguna Niguel site, the county reported that it was putting off the project because of a lack of funds. "They were buying time," Iles said. "We had no jury assembly room. The jury, attorneys, and all the witnesses were milling around the hall. The lines for traffic court wrapped around the building." Iles decided to take the matter into her own hands. She approached the Santa Margarita Co. and said she needed 100 acres of the 44,000-acre Rancho Mission Viejo land managed by the company. After meeting with company officials, she said she was gratified with their response and turned over the negotiations to the county's chief administrative office. Diane Gaynor, a spokeswoman for the company, said that the company has made no commitments to Iles and that there are no serious discussions taking place. "Right now it is not a top discussion item for us due to various business reasons," Gaynor said. "We probably wouldn't be able to discuss this land use until later next year." Supervisor Vasquez, however, said the county board's recent approval of the company's Las Flores project included an agreement that the company would consider participating in such a project. With the county facing a severe budget crunch, county officials said, financing a regional civic center would be a problem.

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HEAR THEIR LIPS: DEDICATED WHISTLERS STILL GIVE A HOOT; MUSIC: THE CATCHY TUNES OF YESTERYEAR ARE NO LONGER HEARD. TODAY'S RAP AND HEAVY METAL ARE MORE DIFFICULT.

Chamber of Commerce in Carson City, Nev., in 1977. About 30 people showed up for the "Whistle-Off." Some whistled a cappella; others were accompanied by piano, guitar, banjo, washboards, taped music and even live back-up singers. Since then, the association has grown to about 200 members. Hard-core whistlers want to elevate whistling to a serious musical form. "We don't do the bird-whistle competition," said Drummond, a national champion. At the same time, whistlers want to preserve the light-hearted spirit that prompts them to whistle, so they have a novelty category. One year a contestant performed while standing on her head. Whistlers say their art is a form of self-expression more socially acceptable than bursting into song in public. "It's nice to walk down the street and see people smiling at you," Drummond said. "If you walked down the street singing 'How Great Thou Art,' you'd get carted away in a wagon." Whistlers' techniques differ. Most make music by blowing air out; a few by drawing it in. Most pucker. Some smile widely as they whistle through their teeth. Some produce a reedy sound deep in their throats. Some whistle through their fingers or fists. Whistling, so it is said, began as signaling. The earliest known whistlers were shepherds and sailors, who wanted sounds to carry great distances. In the United States, whistling was a popular form of music-hall entertainment in the 19th and early 20th centuries. According to the Oxford Companion to Music, Alice Shaw, an entertainer known as "La Belle Siffleuse" (The Beautiful Whistler), performed throughout the country and abroad. Early in this century, aspiring whistlers could study at Agnes Woodward's California School of Artistic Whistling in Los Angeles. It's gone, but there remain textbooks, such as "How To Whistle Like a Pro (Without Driving Anyone Else Crazy)" by David Harp. Musician Fred Lowrey performed with big bands, recorded a dozen albums and wrote his autobiography, "Whistling in the Dark." Contemporary whistlers still perform his version of "Indian Love Call." Why has whistling faded to a mere echo of its former glory? For one thing, Drummond said, much currently popular music -- rap, heavy metal rock, synthesized pop -- doesn't have simple melodies easily whistled. "Even the Beatles are hard to whistle," she said. Whistlers acknowledge, reluctantly, that some people find whistling as annoying a habit as knuckle-cracking or pen-tapping. Whistling also has some negative connotations. Tattletales are whistle-blowers;

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IT WAS A SPECIAL CHRISTMAS FOR STAN HUMPHRIES

Brooke overcame. Soon, though, there was a bout with jaundice. And then came a condition that would terrorize Stan and Connie Humphries not for moments, but for months. It was an allergy to protein. Think about what that means -- a basic nutrient being rejected by the body at a time it needs it the most. "She has to get so much for her brain to form and for her to grow," Connie said. But protein was making Brooke's stomach do gymnastics. And, of course, there was only way for her to let anyone know something wasn't right. "Every minute, all day long she was crying," Stan said. "She was starving but when you would feed her, she would cry even worse because it was hurting her so bad." For what seemed the longest time, the Humphries' doctors could not determine the problem. And for a parent -- especially a first-time parent -- there is nothing worse. "The baby can't tell you what's wrong and you just sit there wondering," Stan said. Eventually, the time came for Stan to go to training camp in Carlisle, Pa. Left alone with Brooke for the first time, Connie wore down. She finally made two phone calls -- one to her mother, one to Stan. "Stan, I'm sorry if you're mad," she told him, "but I can't handle it any longer. I'm getting on the next plane home." Connie took Brooke to the doctor who had been her pediatrician. After changing Brooke's formula "like six times" during the week and a half Connie and Brooke spent in Louisiana, the doctor found one that seemed to agree with the little girl. But about four weeks later, in early September, Brooke started having trouble again. Stan and Connie were frantic. "I asked everybody," said Stan, who spoke to the Redskins' team physicians and asked them for help. Connie ended up taking Brooke to a specialist at Georgetown University Hospital. "He was wonderful," Connie said. "I told him five minutes worth of stuff, just different things that she had gone through. He said, 'She's allergic to protein.' I said, 'How do you know that? You haven't run a test. You haven't done anything.' "He said he sees this eight to 10 times a week. That really shocked me. "I mean, how many kids would you think are allergic to protein?" It was a relief, but the battle

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BEHIND THE WHEEL: IN TUNE WITH THE SPIRIT OF THE SILVER GHOST

wobbly around 40 m.p.h. But every shortcoming is constant and absolutely predictable -- and, after all, the car is doing a genuine 40 m.p.h. With a lot left. Brown, resplendent in linen cap, goggles and duster, doesn't flinch at being asked for corporate approval to attempt an acceleration run. Piece of cake, old boy. So the old girl winds up and whines like a London double decker bus. There are mild lurches and a slight clunks going through the gears to fourth. But the car tops 30 m.p.h. in 17.3 seconds. We chortle. The Silver Ghost remains quite unruffled. But that must be it. There is no reason, only a distinct lack of respect, in further testing the past of the Silver Ghost. After all, she is 83 years old and a long way from the comforts of home. Also, she always gets a little creaky and rheumatic in Southern California's winter clime. It's her wheels. They're spoked and wooden, and accustomed to the humidity of England. In California, the joints start to dry out and separate. Says Brown: "If we were here much longer, she'd have to stand with her feet in bowls of warm water." 1907 ROLLS-ROYCE SILVER GHOST COST: * Base, and as tested: $40 million (including wooden artillery wheels, running-board lockers and spare Dunlop tire without wheel). ENGINE: * Six cylinders (in two blocks of three), in-line (with two spark plugs per cylinder), and 7.046 liters developing 48 horsepower. TYPE: * Open touring, front engine, rear-drive, three-door, five-passenger heirloom. PERFORMANCE: * 0-30, as tested, best of one run on Jamboree Road, 17.3 seconds. * Top speed, as recorded at Bexhill, London, in 1907, 52.94 m.p.h. * Fuel economy, as measured on a 2,000-mile run around Britain in 1907, 23.25 miles per Imperial gallon. KERB WEIGHT: * 3,646 pounds. THE GOOD: * Perfect for royal weddings, dinner at Hearst Castle, leading the Rose Bowl Parade or driving Princess Daisy. * Guaranteed "Best of Show" at Pomona Valley Auto Faire. * Comes with permanent lease-rental retainer from producers of "Masterpiece Theater." * Two-owner car with only 600,000 miles. * No biennial smog checks required. THE BAD: * Collision insurance includes a $5-million deductible. * Cannot be driven through a carwash. Or Seattle. * No valet parking. THE UGLY: * Thinking that in 1950 it might have been flattened into scrap, shipped to Japan and made into a Honda.

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SPECIAL REPORT; THE STATE OF CALIFORNIA; CALIFORNIA'S VISION; THE DRAGON IN THE DREAM FACTORY -- THE NATIVE BORN

Capulets far behind. The newcomer has always taught California (as America taught the world) that you can re-invent history. Each side must learn the wisdom of the other. California's destiny depends on the melding of tragic and comic sensibilities. The land cannot sustain the unalloyed traditional immigrant optimism. On the other hand, those of us who are native born must know that we are an imposition on California. All the time now one hears native-born Californians complain that they have had enough of this or that. Crowds. Prices. Traffic. They mean there are too many newcomers, too many immigrants. They tell you they are thinking of moving to Oregon or to Australia. California is becoming as crowded with individual ambitions as 18th-Century London or Paris, but there is, as yet, no great satirist, no Jonathan Swift, to note the ironies of our state. Swift's "Modest Proposal" was that the children of the poor could be sold to the rich as food. My own modest proposal for California is that there should be a limit to California. Every family in this state should be allowed no more than three generations here. When your time is up, you would have to move on -- move to Australia or Argentina or your condo in Baja, move to Oregon. Is there, after all, any other way to "save" California for those newcomers who give California its dynamism? The Japanese businessman perhaps does not understand that the movie company is now a second-generation affair. The Eastern European immigrant long ago passed away and has been succeeded by a committee of executive vice presidents. Hollywood is a second-generation affair. The actress is the daughter of the actress. The director is the son of the producer. Hollywood films are filled with allusions to other, earlier films. Or Hollywood films are stuttering repetitions of tried formulas. Lacking vision of its own, Hollywood buys options to other people's lives. Lacking confidence in a narrative line, second-generation Hollywood offers technology. The technological effect is meant to approximate the immigrant stories of an earlier generation. Thus does THX Sound or Dolby stereo attempt to offer today's moviegoer something of what we once recognized on the great screen at the movie palace when Henry Fonda and the rest of the Joad family got out of their smoking truck, to stare in wonder -- as though at paradise -- at California's Central Valley.

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SPECIAL REPORT; THE STATE OF CALIFORNIA; CALIFORNIA'S PRESENT; THE FOOLISH TREND THAT STARTED ON THE EAST COAST; ECONOMY: HAND-WRINGERS AND CRYSTAL-BALLERS HAVE EMBRACED CALIFORNIA DECLINISM. BUT THEIR FAVORITE EVIDENCE IS REALLY A HEALTHY SIGN OF A STATE MOVING TO CUT ITS DEPENDENCY ON WAR.

net manufacturing jobs and as many as 10 times many new jobs in such areas as business services. Equally important -- although some California companies will migrate in search of less expensive labor, cheaper land and fewer environmental restrictions -- the state is unlikely to lose out in sectors like time-sensitive fashion and technological products. Rather than a sign of decline, the shift of some assembly and lower-end functions to the hinterlands represents the continued expansion of the coastal California economy. In some senses, it parallels the shift earlier this century of assembly and mass-production industries from the Atlantic Coast to the Middle West and South. This movement will cause dislocation for industries that are both labor-intensive and low value-added or pose severe pollution problems. Value-added refers to the amount of cash added at each stage of the economic process. Low valued-added means that relatively little of the final cost of a product is added at a particular stage of the process. For instance, cables assembled for a General Dynamics aircraft at a plant in Mexico may represent a shift of jobs but very little of the final product's total value. The effects in terms of pollution will be particularly severe in such industries as furniture, chemicals and certain metal-related manufacturing. These losses can be offset with the growth of other more advanced industries. With more engineers and scientists than any other two states combined, for instance, California's key growing industries -- computer systems, software and telecommunications products -- should continue to grow well into the next decade. Paced by Orange County and Silicon Valley, for instance, the value of California's export licenses surged, between 1987 and 1989, from roughly $30 billion to nearly $35 billion. During that time, exports in mid-Atlantic states dropped to $14.1 billion. U.S. television exports, mostly from Hollywood, will more than double by 1992, according to estimates from Frost and Sullivan, to nearly $3 billion annually. Finally, as the industrial power of the region stretching from the Inland Empire of California to the Rockies -- as well as Baja California -- increases during the 1990s, Southern California and the San Francisco Bay Area will enjoy great opportunities in meeting its financial, international trade and other business-service needs. With the decline of the New York money-center banks, this is even more the case now than in the '80s, when California bank assets grew twice as quickly

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CAN CALIFORNIA PROVIDE ALL THE BILINGUAL EDUCATION NEEDED?

December 30, 1990, Sunday, Home Edition During the 1980's, the numbers of students in California public schools who speak and write little English more than doubled. Three-fourths of these students speak Spanish. The growth of students needing help because of their English skills may slow over the next 10 years, but the critical shortage of trained bilingual teachers is likely to persist. Source: Compiled from Assembly Office of Research and California Department of Education data.

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COLUMN LEFT; NOTHING FROM NOTHING MAKES NOTHING; LOW SELF-ESTEEM LEADS TO NO ESTEEM FOR OTHERS' LIVES; THIS IS WHERE BLACK-ON-BLACK VIOLENCE MUST BE STOPPED.

December 30, 1990, Sunday, Home Edition My family and I went to Cook County Jail on Christmas morning, as we do every year. We went to share the promise of the Messiah's birth. We departed with our hearts heavy at the sight of hundreds of African-Americans sentenced to jail for crimes committed mostly against other African-Americans. They missed the hope of the new life. They're still locked out of the inn, condemned to the stable, bearing the scars of occupation and rejection. These men look physically strong, but they are emotionally wounded, casualties of hard lives with limited options. Too many African-Americans grow up sentenced to premature death. Young men in Bangladesh are more likely to reach the age of 40 than black males in Harlem. Almost half of all African-American babies are born into poverty, many scarred by low birth weight and inadequate nutrition and medical care. If they survive, they enter a culture that glorifies crime and violence. Homicide is the largest cause of death among young African-American males. There are more black men in prison than in college. For many, jail is a step up in life. It offers heat, food, medical care, a roof over their heads. They live with some discipline, without guns and with less chance of dying. There is a terrible sense of permissiveness about black-on-black crime. Black murder is becoming acceptable, unalarming, even among blacks. For example, when 30 unarmed Ku Klux Klansmen marched in Washington a few weeks ago, they attracted 3,000 angry protesters, mostly black. It cost the police $900,000 to guard the Klan's right to march. If one of those Klan members had killed a black man in Washington, angry protests would have been ignited across the country. It would have been a federal crime. Yet the jails are filled not with Klansmen who kill blacks, but with blacks who kill blacks. These killings are accepted as routine. There are no marches against them. They are not a federal offense. They don't make the news. We cannot allow killing to become routine. When a black is killed by a black wearing a black jacket, it must be as offensive to the government and the community as when a black is killed by a white man wearing a white sheet. Who will stop the killing? In the end, only African-Americans can break this cycle of violence. During slavery, the burden

LA123090-0091_1

DIRE PROBLEM / DRASTIC CURES; SCHOOL: A STOP ON THE ROAD TO GRIDLOCK

the number of teen-agers driving to high school. Steering your own four wheels to class -- long a part of the Southern California lifestyle -- has become a nationwide practice, say transportation experts. With congestion slowly engulfing the nation, transportation planners have begun focusing on high school driving and other once-overlooked factors, including trips to the video store, friends sharing a car to get to a concert and short runs to the doctor. "It's not all long commutes," said Frederick W. Ducca, a planner with the Federal Highway Administration. "There are dozens of little reasons why Americans are driving more, reasons that we've all but ignored." Nationally, motorists drove nearly 40% more total miles in 1990 than a decade earlier, experts say; in Southern California, the decade-long increase exceeded 50%. At a recent conference at UC Irvine, planners and transportation experts compiled a list of little-noticed factors that contribute to today's traffic malaise. Among them: more families with both spouses working; more households created -- each with a wage-earner -- as divorce flourishes; more cars per household as prosperity spreads; more short drives to the store; more houses in distant suburbs forcing longer drives to work. Alan E. Pisarski, author of several books on commuting, said he thinks most of these factors stem from a single demographic development: In the 1980s, the Baby Boom generation came into the work force and into its prime driving years. Many of these thirtysomething motorists "are prosperous young parents now, and they drive because they have to in order to get around in suburbia," Pisarski said, "but also because it's almost second nature to them to get behind the wheel" rather than walk or take a bus. Higher numbers of teen-agers driving to high school, Pisarski said, "reflects increased prosperity and the car as status symbol among the young." "Our parking lot is always full," said Joan K. Elam, principal of James Monroe High School in Sepulveda. The 200-space parking lot at William Howard Taft High School in Woodland Hills starts filling up at 7 a.m., an hour before the first class, said Leon Mason, assistant principal. Those who don't get a spot flood surrounding streets with their cars. Since school officials don't control off-street parking, said Mason, "We don't know if there are more driving or not. But there are a lot of students with cars, I can tell you that." JIM QUINN

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DURING 1990, MANY ORANGE COUNTY RESIDENTS WROTE ABOUT THEIR THOUGHTS AND FEELINGS IN ARTICLES FOR ORANGE COUNTY OPINION PAGES. AS WE LOOK BACK ON THE YEAR, SOME OF THOSE THOUGHTS ARE RECALLED.; ROBERT F. GENTRY ON OFFSHORE OIL SPILLS

December 30, 1990, Sunday, Orange County Edition Feb.7, 1990 , will be a day that Orange Countians will remember for some time to come. On that day, approximately 400,000 gallons of oil began spewing from the American Trader, an 800-foot tanker operated by British Petroleum. The disaster is the worst oil spill in the history of Orange County. We are fortunate that mother nature looked favorably upon us, playing a very important role in the clean-up operation. It is amazing that in 1990, with the kind of technology this country has utilized in many areas, we still have quite primitive ways of recovering oil from the water. Technology has not been developed to handle a spill even the size of this one, and that, to me, is deplorable. We should not be offering the leasing of tracts off Orange County when we are unable to effectively clean up from a disaster that oil development and the oil industry may produce. The main lesson learned in this disaster is that we need much stricter laws governing the transport of oil near our shores and we need to take a very hard look at the expansion of this industry in Orange County. I believe the area between the Orange County coastline and Catalina Island should be designated a National Oceanic Park. That plan already has the support of half of the cities in the county and the Board of Supervisors. The people must realize that the strong oil lobby has produced a situation where the checks and balances just are not there.

LA123090-0107_0

OUR READERS WROTE LETTERS THROUGHOUT 1990 EXPRESSING THEIR VIEWPOINTS ON A VARIETY OF ISSUES. HERE ARE CONDENSED VERSIONS OF SOME OF THOSE LETTERS TO HELP US REMEMBER THE EVENTS THAT MATTERED TO ORANGE COUNTY READERS THIS PAST YEAR. WE WOULD LIKE TO THANK THE READERS WHO TOOK THE TIME TO SHARE THEIR VIEWPOINTS AND LOOK FORWARD TO HEARING FROM THEM AND OTHERS IN 1991.; RON KOVIC AND HIS CLAIM TO LEADERSHIP

December 30, 1990, Sunday, Orange County Edition I hope the recent movement by some to import Ron Kovic into our 38th Congressional District to oppose Robert K. Dornan fails. Such a confrontation might sell newspapers but has no other useful purpose. At a time when Dornan can and should be defeated, there are those who would run a person who hopefully could not be elected. Kovic is a man who apparently grew up with a distorted fantasy of war and a thirst for combat. During his second tour of combat in Vietnam, he was gravely wounded. Reality would not compromise. His once-beloved fantasies became the enemy of his new, distorted view of the world around him. Now Kovic wants to come to my district and represent me. He states he has the same view on Central American that he had for Vietnam. Like Gen. Benedict Arnold before, Kovic has long since used up his leadership status. R.O. DAVIS, Buena Park

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NEWS ANALYSIS; A SPLIT DECISION ON DEUKMEJIAN'S LEGACY; GOVERNOR: INCREASING PRISON SPACE AND IMPRINT ON JUDICIARY ARE AMONG HIS ACCOMPLISHMENTS. CRITICS SAY HE LACKED VISION AND WAS STUBBORN.

said. "I try to stick by my position and stick by my principles and I feel that's what a leader is supposed to do. . . . That's being determined, it's being resolute." Deukmejian said his biggest success as governor was "staying the course" he set as a candidate. "Deukmejian is the first governor -- and maybe the last -- to make a strong commitment to prisons, to locking up these miserable (criminals) and separating them from society, those who otherwise would be breaking into your bedroom tonight," said Sen. Ed Davis (R-Santa Clarita), a former Los Angeles police chief. The state had not opened a new prison in 18 years when Deukmejian took office in 1983. He quickly launched the biggest prison construction program in the nation's history, spending $3.3 billion to build eight penitentiaries -- going from 12 to 20 -- and making seven major additions to existing institutions. The number of locked-up felons tripled, from about 35,000 to nearly 97,000, leaving cells more overcrowded than when Deukmejian began the building. Perhaps more than any other governor in recent times, Deukmejian will leave a lasting imprint on the California judiciary. His most significant legacy as governor, many believe, was the reshaping of the state Supreme Court from one of the nation's most liberal to a panel solidly controlled by conservatives. Not only do his appointees hold five of the seven Supreme Court seats, they also fill 55 of the 88 positions on the Court of Appeal. In all, Deukmejian named about 1,000 judges. Nearly half the state judiciary is made up of his appointees. Despite Deukmejian's initiatives, the crime rate has barely budged. Critics contend the correctional system has gobbled up precious tax dollars that could have been spent attacking such root causes of crime as inadequate education, health care and job training. Spending for operation of prisons climbed 310% under Deukmejian, while school expenditures increased 115% and allotments for health and welfare programs rose 98%. Overall, the state budget more than doubled -- as it also had under the three previous governors -- rising during Deukmejian's eight years in office by 120%, from $25.3 billion to $55.7 billion. There is a historical lesson in this: Exploding populations, demands for government services and mandated funding guarantees, coupled with inflation, force each governor to be a record "tax and spender," no matter how conservative. Deukmejian is leaving state government

LA123090-0136_4

NEWS ANALYSIS; A SPLIT DECISION ON DEUKMEJIAN'S LEGACY; GOVERNOR: INCREASING PRISON SPACE AND IMPRINT ON JUDICIARY ARE AMONG HIS ACCOMPLISHMENTS. CRITICS SAY HE LACKED VISION AND WAS STUBBORN.

was the reshaping of the state Supreme Court from one of the nation's most liberal to a panel solidly controlled by conservatives. Not only do his appointees hold five of the seven Supreme Court seats, they also fill 55 of the 88 positions on the Court of Appeal. In all, Deukmejian named about 1,000 judges. Nearly half the state judiciary is made up of his appointees. Despite Deukmejian's initiatives, the crime rate has barely budged. Critics contend the correctional system has gobbled up precious tax dollars that could have been spent attacking such root causes of crime as inadequate education, health care and job training. Spending for operation of prisons climbed 310% under Deukmejian, while school expenditures increased 115% and allotments for health and welfare programs rose 98%. Overall, the state budget more than doubled -- as it also had under the three previous governors -- rising during Deukmejian's eight years in office by 120%, from $25.3 billion to $55.7 billion. There is a historical lesson in this: Exploding populations, demands for government services and mandated funding guarantees, coupled with inflation, force each governor to be a record "tax and spender," no matter how conservative. Deukmejian is leaving state government in a financial shambles, reminiscent of the way he inherited it from Gov. Edmund G. (Jerry) Brown Jr. That is casting a personal pall on his retirement celebration, intimates say. When Deukmejian took office, he faced a $1.5-billion budget deficit. He adroitly erased it with spending cuts and legislation that authorized private borrowing, shoved half the red ink into the next fiscal year and created a standby sales tax increase. Californians were spared the tax hike because the nation's economy boomed and bailed out Deukmejian with a rush of revenues. Now, it is deja vu. Gov.-elect Pete Wilson is facing a deficit of roughly $1 billion, plus $6 billion or more of red ink during the next fiscal year. Blame the economic slump, not Deukmejian. By the same token, credit the economy -- not Deukmejian -- for being the real hero of the state's financial rescue seven years ago. Deukmejian, never a wordsmith, always enjoyed telling audiences that he had brought the state "from IOU to A-OK." A current joke in Sacramento is that Wilson is inheriting "an SOS." Looking back, as the governor insists, nobody should have been surprised by his actions -- or inaction -- if they had

LA123090-0136_11

NEWS ANALYSIS; A SPLIT DECISION ON DEUKMEJIAN'S LEGACY; GOVERNOR: INCREASING PRISON SPACE AND IMPRINT ON JUDICIARY ARE AMONG HIS ACCOMPLISHMENTS. CRITICS SAY HE LACKED VISION AND WAS STUBBORN.

Nimitz Freeway collapsed during the Oct. 17, 1989, Loma Prieta earthquake, killing 42 people, Deukmejian stepped in and ordered Caltrans to give top priority to a massive retrofitting program. "Deukmejian leaves office with a better record in transportation than Jerry Brown, but that's primarily because he rallied in the last two years of his Administration," said Senate Transportation Committee Chairman Quentin L. Kopp (I-San Francisco). The governor consistently cut funding for the state Coastal Commission, promised more than he delivered on toxic waste cleanup, watched as ground water supplies became increasingly contaminated and took a pro-agriculture view of pesticides. The governor did negotiate a major legislative package to control the growth of solid waste, or garbage. On the fight against AIDS, opinions are mixed. California's program of AIDS research, education and treatment is widely recognized as the finest in the world. But some AIDS activists complain that Deukmejian was unwilling to spend what was needed. After several years of dramatic increases in AIDS funding, the state reduced its spending this fiscal year by 13%. One of the few social programs launched by Deukmejian was an innovative "workfare" project that provides education, job training and work experience for welfare recipients. But faced with severe budget problems in the last two years, he cut back state funding for this much-vaunted endeavor. Deukmejian repeatedly slashed state funds for family planning when abortion opponents complained that the money was going to clinics that performed abortions. "I think it was handled poorly," said the governor's own health services director, Dr. Kenneth W. Kizer. "I never understood how folks who are anti-abortion can also be anti-family planning." It would be hard to cite a major issue that was handled more poorly than education, at least from a political and public relations standpoint. Deukmejian came to office proclaiming education to be his top budget priority. Schools did fare well during the early years of his Administration. The governor signed and funded a landmark education reform bill sponsored by Sen. Gary K. Hart (D-Santa Barbara) and State Supt. of Public Instruction Bill Honig. In his second term, the usually reserved governor got into a caustic, name-calling feud with the outspoken, combative schools chief. That, in large part, led to successful sponsorship by Honig and the education establishment of Proposition 98, guaranteeing elementary and high schools, plus community colleges, 40% of the state's general fund. Deukmejian has been attempting

LA123090-0136_12

NEWS ANALYSIS; A SPLIT DECISION ON DEUKMEJIAN'S LEGACY; GOVERNOR: INCREASING PRISON SPACE AND IMPRINT ON JUDICIARY ARE AMONG HIS ACCOMPLISHMENTS. CRITICS SAY HE LACKED VISION AND WAS STUBBORN.

faced with severe budget problems in the last two years, he cut back state funding for this much-vaunted endeavor. Deukmejian repeatedly slashed state funds for family planning when abortion opponents complained that the money was going to clinics that performed abortions. "I think it was handled poorly," said the governor's own health services director, Dr. Kenneth W. Kizer. "I never understood how folks who are anti-abortion can also be anti-family planning." It would be hard to cite a major issue that was handled more poorly than education, at least from a political and public relations standpoint. Deukmejian came to office proclaiming education to be his top budget priority. Schools did fare well during the early years of his Administration. The governor signed and funded a landmark education reform bill sponsored by Sen. Gary K. Hart (D-Santa Barbara) and State Supt. of Public Instruction Bill Honig. In his second term, the usually reserved governor got into a caustic, name-calling feud with the outspoken, combative schools chief. That, in large part, led to successful sponsorship by Honig and the education establishment of Proposition 98, guaranteeing elementary and high schools, plus community colleges, 40% of the state's general fund. Deukmejian has been attempting to dismantle Proposition 98, and Wilson is expected to try. "There was probably a time when the governor needed to love Honig to death and he didn't," said ex-aide Russo. Deukmejian said bitterly of the debilitating battle: "There was increased funding, there were reforms and we were building on that, but despite this, Honig comes along and he just keeps saying, 'That's not enough. That's not enough. We have to have more. We have to have more.' There was no end to what he was demanding. . . . And, of course, all he has to look at is education. He doesn't have to consider the demands for all other state services. "I'll tell you, if you talk to any governor, I don't care who it is, any governor, they will tell you that you can never satisfy the educational establishment. No matter how much you try, they constantly whine and complain. . . . It's very, very unfair treatment." During Deukmejian's tenure, spending per pupil in elementary and high schools rose 13.2%, when adjusted for inflation. Practically all that increase came during his first term. By the final two years of his Administration, funding per student was declining. Deukmejian

LA123090-0138_0

COLORADO DAM IS HISTORY BUT WATER FIGHT GOES ON; ENVIRONMENT: THE RUSH TO BUY LAND RIGHTS STIRS CONCERNS OVER FARMING, RECREATIONAL AND URBAN NEEDS.

December 30, 1990, Sunday, Home Edition The trout fishermen and the bird lovers and the eco-scientists -- they won the battle of Two Forks Dam. Among them, they scotched one of the biggest water projects in the American West, maybe the last from the age of big dams, a plan 50 years in the making. The project would have created a reservoir about half the size of Pasadena, fed by two branches of a great river, serving the bathroom taps and garden hoses of Denver and its satellite cities for decades to come. The water behind the 555-foot-tall dam was to be the formula on which the infant cities around Denver could feed and grow. The Environmental Protection Agency heeded the environmentalists and the fishermen and boaters and its own staff advice, and last month vetoed the plan to fill picturesque Cheesman Canyon, 30 miles south of here, with 359 billion gallons of river water -- the largest non-federal water project in the West. And to the victors belongs . . . the next fight. Demand for water did not disappear with the plans for the dam. Where will it come from now? Part of the answer is, you buy other people's water rights. In Colorado, as the sardonic old saying goes, water does not run upstream, except to money. "The denial of Two Forks has been like dropping a bag of marbles on the floor," says Denver water attorney Bennett Raley. "All the people who had expected it to go through and supply their needs have scattered all over and are now looking for their own water." For several years, some of Denver's growing suburbs have been buying up rural water rights. And now that it's pretty much every suburb for itself, more communities that had counted on Two Forks are flipping open their checkbooks and looking at rural water with something of the same covetousness with which Saddam Hussein must have eyeballed Kuwait and its oil. Even the Nature Conservancy, a national environmental group that buys up land for wildlife and habitat, is in the market for water rights as well, to preserve streams and wetlands, but with a far smaller purse. The organization "doesn't say a market approach is the only way to protect land," says its Colorado lawyer, Robert Wigington, "but we are able to protect some pieces of land other groups and agencies are not."

LA123090-0142_0

TROLLEY DRIVER'S ALCOHOL LEVEL OVER DRUNK LIMIT, OFFICIALS SAY

December 30, 1990, Sunday, Home Edition A 20-year transit veteran who operated a Boston trolley that crashed into another rail car had an alcohol level above the Massachusetts drunk driving limit, transit officials said Saturday. Investigators worked into the weekend to learn the circumstances of the Boston accident, which injured 33 people, and a New York subway fire, which injured 150 and claimed a second life Saturday. Both occurred underground Friday morning. New York Mayor David N. Dinkins said he expected city workers to have a report on his desk by Monday afternoon. Authorities blamed melting slush for short-circuiting a transformer, which exploded and caused a smoky fire that stopped a Manhattan-bound train. One passenger apparently suffered a heart attack and was pronounced dead Friday. Another rider died early Saturday. In Boston, transit officials said the trolley's brakes and signals functioned properly, but the operator said he had trouble braking. "There is no indication that we know of at this time that alcohol was used on the job," said Peter Dimond, a spokesman for the Massachusetts Bay Transportation Authority. He said officials believe the operator drank before starting his shift. Transit officials were trying to determine whether the operator involved in the crash was the one a passenger had called to complain about just a half hour earlier. "We got a message that there was abusive language, that the driver was not behaving properly, but there was no indication that there was a safety risk," Dimond said. The Boston Herald reported that a rider telephoned transit police and told a fare collector that a driver was cursing and had sped through a curve, knocking passengers from their seats.

LA123090-0143_2

STATE'S LIBERALIZED ABORTION LAW SETS OFF DEBATE IN MEXICO; LATIN AMERICA: CATHOLICS LEAD BARRAGE OF CRITICISM OVER MEASURE IN CHIAPAS THAT EXPANDS RIGHT TO CHOOSE.

law, feminist groups lauded it as a historic advance for women in Mexico. "This is not an attempt against the life of anyone," said Walda Barrios, of Anzetik, a women's group in San Cristobal de las Casas, Chiapas. "It is simply an extreme necessity that women may abort legally and not as delinquents. . . . This doesn't mean women will be aborting every minute. But it is an option in extreme cases." Guadalupe Cardenas, of Women of San Cristobal de las Casas, added: "This will allow for abortions under more secure conditions. It is an undeniable reality that there are unwanted pregnancies and women who, as a last resort, turn to abortion. This law will mean that abortions will no longer be a cause of death." Health experts disagree about the number of illegal or clandestine abortions performed in Mexico each year. Estimates range from 800,000 to 2 million, with an unknown number of deaths resulting from unsanitary and inexpert operations. The cost of an illegal abortion in Chiapas is $680 to $2,000, according to Barrios. Doctors in Chiapas noted that middle-class women, usually married and often members of the Catholic Church, are the ones who most often can afford an abortion. How the new abortion law came about in Chiapas is a mystery to most political observers. Gonzalez Garrido told Proceso that he acted at the urging of organizations defending women's rights, but the feminist groups said they had never petitioned him to legalize abortion. Some analysts speculated that Gonzalez Garrido may have initiated the abortion law at President Salinas' behest as a trial balloon for national abortion reform. Gonzalez Garrido is a member of the ruling Institutional Revolutionary Party, or PRI, which holds a majority in the legislature that approved the law. The PRI, however, does not stand to make any obvious political gains in a state with a liberal intellectual elite, but also with a large population of Indians and peasants who are heavily influenced by the conservative Catholic and Protestant churches. The party won the 1988 presidential election in Chiapas handily, largely with the votes of this conservative base. "Maybe the PRI imagined this was the state to experiment, to see the reaction," said Dr. Jesus Gilberto Gomez Maza, a pediatrician who ran for governor against Gonzalez Garrido in 1988. "They dropped this little bomb to see what happens, and depending on the response, they

LA123090-0143_3

STATE'S LIBERALIZED ABORTION LAW SETS OFF DEBATE IN MEXICO; LATIN AMERICA: CATHOLICS LEAD BARRAGE OF CRITICISM OVER MEASURE IN CHIAPAS THAT EXPANDS RIGHT TO CHOOSE.

afford an abortion. How the new abortion law came about in Chiapas is a mystery to most political observers. Gonzalez Garrido told Proceso that he acted at the urging of organizations defending women's rights, but the feminist groups said they had never petitioned him to legalize abortion. Some analysts speculated that Gonzalez Garrido may have initiated the abortion law at President Salinas' behest as a trial balloon for national abortion reform. Gonzalez Garrido is a member of the ruling Institutional Revolutionary Party, or PRI, which holds a majority in the legislature that approved the law. The PRI, however, does not stand to make any obvious political gains in a state with a liberal intellectual elite, but also with a large population of Indians and peasants who are heavily influenced by the conservative Catholic and Protestant churches. The party won the 1988 presidential election in Chiapas handily, largely with the votes of this conservative base. "Maybe the PRI imagined this was the state to experiment, to see the reaction," said Dr. Jesus Gilberto Gomez Maza, a pediatrician who ran for governor against Gonzalez Garrido in 1988. "They dropped this little bomb to see what happens, and depending on the response, they will act in other states or not." Gomez opposes abortion, although he noted that Chiapas has a 5% annual population growth rate -- nearly twice the national rate. He acknowledged that sex education and family planning are difficult in such a poor state, where the average level of education is three years of primary school and the illiteracy rate is 40%. "Independent of morality or ideology, what I object to is that no one was consulted on this law," Gomez said in a telephone interview. "It was approved by legislators who don't understand pregnancy and abortion and did not consult the public opinion in general." The measure's harshest criticism, however, has come from the Catholic Church. Although Protestants have made great inroads in Mexico, and particularly Chiapas, most people in the country still are professed Catholics. Salinas has vowed to modernize the government's relationship with the church, which has no legal standing under the Mexican constitution. He broke with tradition by inviting bishops to his inauguration and received Pope John Paul II earlier this year during the pontiff's Mexico visit, which included a stop in Chiapas. But Alamilla of the bishop's conference seemed to blame the administration for the new

LA123090-0143_4

STATE'S LIBERALIZED ABORTION LAW SETS OFF DEBATE IN MEXICO; LATIN AMERICA: CATHOLICS LEAD BARRAGE OF CRITICISM OVER MEASURE IN CHIAPAS THAT EXPANDS RIGHT TO CHOOSE.

Gonzalez Garrido is a member of the ruling Institutional Revolutionary Party, or PRI, which holds a majority in the legislature that approved the law. The PRI, however, does not stand to make any obvious political gains in a state with a liberal intellectual elite, but also with a large population of Indians and peasants who are heavily influenced by the conservative Catholic and Protestant churches. The party won the 1988 presidential election in Chiapas handily, largely with the votes of this conservative base. "Maybe the PRI imagined this was the state to experiment, to see the reaction," said Dr. Jesus Gilberto Gomez Maza, a pediatrician who ran for governor against Gonzalez Garrido in 1988. "They dropped this little bomb to see what happens, and depending on the response, they will act in other states or not." Gomez opposes abortion, although he noted that Chiapas has a 5% annual population growth rate -- nearly twice the national rate. He acknowledged that sex education and family planning are difficult in such a poor state, where the average level of education is three years of primary school and the illiteracy rate is 40%. "Independent of morality or ideology, what I object to is that no one was consulted on this law," Gomez said in a telephone interview. "It was approved by legislators who don't understand pregnancy and abortion and did not consult the public opinion in general." The measure's harshest criticism, however, has come from the Catholic Church. Although Protestants have made great inroads in Mexico, and particularly Chiapas, most people in the country still are professed Catholics. Salinas has vowed to modernize the government's relationship with the church, which has no legal standing under the Mexican constitution. He broke with tradition by inviting bishops to his inauguration and received Pope John Paul II earlier this year during the pontiff's Mexico visit, which included a stop in Chiapas. But Alamilla of the bishop's conference seemed to blame the administration for the new abortion law: "I want to believe in the political will of the president, who wants to make fundamental changes in our country, and we hope that he does. I want to believe in his honesty, but morality is not in the line of modernization. The commandment not to kill is absolute." Feminist groups, meanwhile, were buoyed by the Chiapas law and vowed to push for the liberalization of abortion laws nationally.

LA123090-0145_0

PEACE ACTIVISTS FEAR THEY ARE PAWNS OF IRAQ; PROPAGANDA: BAGHDAD PLAYS UP ANTI-WAR SENTIMENT AT HOME AND ABROAD AS PART OF A STRATEGY TO AVERT ATTACK. ONE PROTESTER SAYS IT'S ALL PART OF 'A SHOW.'

December 30, 1990, Sunday, Home Edition It was supposed to be an impartial gesture of peace: Two women, one wearing a T-shirt labeled Iraq, another labeled United States, would pour water on an olive sapling newly planted on Iraq's border with Saudi Arabia. But Iraqi authorities on the site insisted that one of their soldiers stationed nearby do the watering, his rifle on his shoulder, to heighten Iraq's visibility at the demonstration. "This is not what we had in mind," said Angelo Gandolfi, one of a group of international peace activists setting up camp on the border. "We don't want to be controlled." Gandolfi, who returned from the border, and about 30 other activists are housed on a Tigris River island that is someday supposed to be turned into an amusement park. They plan to join about 19 of their contemporaries at a camp in the desert between opposing armies of Iraq and an allied force led by the United States. It is a gesture meant to avert war, the activists say. But even among the most fervent, there is suspicion that they are becoming pawns in a propaganda game. "We want to stop this war. We are ready to die!" said Gandolfi, a social worker from Italy and one of several activists from the United States, Britain, Australia and other countries gathering in Baghdad and on the border. "We are afraid Iraq has something else in mind," Gandolfi said. "A show." Show or no, the give-and-take demonstrates the difficulties of taking a neutral stand in a country looking for an edge in hard-nosed diplomatic dealings abroad. Iraq faces a Jan. 15 U.N. deadline to pull out of Kuwait or face attack from about half a million American and allied troops gathering in and near Saudi Arabia. It is clear that Iraq is putting great stock in nurturing anti-war sentiment abroad as part of its strategy to avert attack from the United States and its allies. Iraqi officials say they are convinced that, given time, the Bush Administration will wilt in the heat of public opposition to war with Iraq, either before shooting breaks out or, in the event that it does, if the conflict lasts for more than a few days or weeks. Last week, Iraqi leader Saddam Hussein complained to a Mexican television interviewer that the Western press had distorted Iraq's image abroad but that still "there are

LA123090-0154_0

2 MOTHERS HELD IN BEATING OF CHILDREN TO DRIVE OUT SATAN; SECTS: THE WHIPPINGS WERE CONDUCTED WITH BELTS AND TELEPHONE CORD, POLICE SAY. OFFICIALS TOOK 10 OUT OF THEIR PARENTS' CARE.

December 30, 1990, Sunday, Home Edition Children as young as 4 were whipped with telephone cords or belts until they screamed "Demon anger, be out of me!" as part of a small religious group's chastisements, said police, who have arrested the mothers of several of the children. Ten children, some bruised and scarred with welts, were picked up from across the Los Angeles area on the day after Christmas and placed with relatives or in protective care, said Los Angeles Police Officer Victor Williams. And on Friday, police arrested two women on suspicion of willful cruelty to children, a felony, said Cmdr. William Booth. Valerie Okongwu and Deloris Porter, both 31, were being held Saturday on $20,000 bail each. Okongwu is the mother of four of the children, and Porter is the mother of three, police said. They belong to "some group called Jesus Cathedral," said Booth, a group that held its religious services in a rented conference room at an airport motel. "They punish their kids by beating the devil, Satan, out of them in a manner that's really too harsh." "These kids were led to believe these beatings were the will of God," said Williams, who with his partner Loretta Smith interviewed the children they picked up and saw their scars. "If they were being selfish or mischievous or angry, the parents would write these words on a piece of paper -- 'Demon anger, be out of me!' " -- and beat the children until they screamed what the adults had written down. "These kids thought these beatings made them a better person." The beatings were "by far the worst I've ever seen in my 10 years on the Police Department," Williams said. For nearly two weeks before Christmas, Williams said, Wilshire Division police had gotten calls about children's crying coming from the beige stucco, boxlike duplex, home to three or four families who other neighbors say had moved in recently. But no one would answer the door, and the complaining neighbor left no phone number, Williams said, so police could do nothing. On Dec. 26, Williams said, one of the girl's aunts "apparently saw bruises on the girl's back and decided she had to do something about it. They knew from talking to the kids that it stemmed from the church beatings," he said. "That's where (the aunt) drew the line." Police picked up 10 of the

LA123090-0172_8

COVER STORY; BORN-AGAIN COUNTRY: AFTER YEARS OF TRYING TO SOUND LIKE POP, NASHVILLE IS PUTTING FAITH IN ITS HONKY-TONK ROOTS. AND IT'S PAYING OFF.; COUNTRY'S NEW CROP; A NEW WAVE OF YOUNG TRADITION-MINDED SINGERS IS HELPING COUNTRY MUSIC ESCAPE FROM ITS MID-'80S TAILSPIN

don't normally show an interest in country music. "I asked young people about Travis and they said they liked him because he was closer to their age and he was so believable . . . his voice and his songs." In earlier decades, country occasionally attracted a young audience. Certainly that happened in the '50s, when Elvis Presley and Jerry Lee Lewis brought a country feel to rock 'n' roll, and again in the '70s, when the Outlaw sound offered a restless, rebellious spirit that updated original country-rock instincts. For the most part, however, country was aimed at the over-35 crowd. Young people related more easily to rock. But some young country fans -- especially in regions where country music has been traditionally strong -- find the music of the new country stars more meaningful than the heavy metal that dominates commercial rock or the rap and dance styles that represent the pulse of modern pop. Before Travis, there had been evidence of a return to basics in the work of Emmylou Harris, Ricky Skaggs, George Strait and the Judds. But Travis was like a lighting bolt. Recalls Crutchfield, "That's when everyone realized that the best way to compete with pop wasn't to try to make pop records, but to go back to what we did best: Make great country records." Travis' success sent out a message to songwriters as well. As a music publisher, Almo-Irving's Conrad saw the impact. "The records were all the same after 'Urban Cowboy,' real contrived," he said. "When the Travis thing happened, it was like all the writers rolled up their sleeves and said, 'I can write from my heart again and there is someone who'll sing it.' The day of the ditty was over." At the same time, Travis' success inspired hundreds of honky-tonk singers around the country -- who had felt alienated by the country sounds of the early '80s -- to think there might be a place for them at last in Nashville. So, they started heading to Music City from all over -- places like Tulsa (Brooks) and Houston (Black). They brought with them not only authentic country vocal styles, but a love for the type of songs that conveyed genuine emotion -- songs that spoke with humor and poignancy about everyday yearnings and disappointments. One reason Brooks and Black are considered the most promising lights in country music these

LA123090-0173_5

COVER STORY; THE SMART MONEY IS ON BROOKS, BLACK

to handling a career." Randy Travis * "I think he has peaked. He'll sell a lot more records, but as far as him being a dominant force in the '90s, I don't think so." * "We all appreciate his sales and what he has done for this town, but there is something that doesn't track for me. If he's got a killer song, he's fine, but he can't make an ordinary song seem special. And that's what it takes to be a big seller over a long haul." On the other hand: * "The problem is he had such a tremendous impact on the market originally by showing that traditional artists could sell that people tend to take him for granted now. But I think he's still the best young singer in Nashville." Alabama * "They had a great run, but I think it's nearing the end." * "These guys are real pros. They not only know what it takes to have a hit, but they have a great business machine. They also have one of the great country voices of all time in Randy Owen." Alan Jackson * "This kid's strength is his sincerity. He's also a fighter. He kept a band together for three or four years while he was trying to get a record deal around here. A lot of people might have given up." Others, however, saw him as more flash than substance. * "Sure has good jackets." Kathy Mattea * "She's a versatile singer with the ability to sound kind of on the edge and folky like Emmylou Harris, yet also sing pop like Anne Murray." Kentucky Headhunters The pros: * "They are exciting, wild, new, different and I think there is an audience looking for something a little bit crazy, in the best sense of the word." * "They are aiming for a place in the country market that no one else is going after. All those fans who grew up on Southern rock and the Allman Brothers may go after them." The cons: * "Not sold on them. Too much of a novelty act for my tastes." "They may just be a Roman candle: A big flash and they drop out of sight." Those Who Didn't Make the Top 10 List: Here are selected comments on some new or veteran artists who didn't make the Top 10 -- or in some cases, the

LA123090-0176_12

FOURTH ANNUAL TRIVIA QUIZ; ORANGE COUNTY 1990

66 d. 75 TRIVIA QUIZ ANSWERS 1. c. La Ware was captain of the American Trader. (Hazelwood piloted the Exxon Valdez, Bucher was in charge of the USS Pueblo, and Grumby was the skipper of the Minnow, the shipwrecked boat on "Gilligan's Island.") 2. c. Lennon was pictured nude, embracing his wife. 3. a. Dornan would have been Kovic's opponent. 4. c. There is no valet parking at the airport. Yet. 5. b. Hussein's invasion created uncertainty about the economy and was partly blamed for the center's losses. 6. d. Winston reached retirement age. 7. b and d. Frank and Ty Ritter were awarded the judgment. 8. d. The Commission on the Status of Women was considered for a budget cut. 9. b. The decathlon team placed second. 10. c. Blum is Feinstein's husband. 11. a. National Education Corp. was the stock Blum sold. 12. c. Census workers dressed normally and went to homeless hangouts. 13. c. The Keating Five are five U.S. senators. 14. d. The sheriff released more than 35,000 prisoners early. 15. b. Kemp opposed withholding federal funds from programs that serve illegal aliens. 16. c. Activists did not perform "Twelfth Night" in the nude. 17. a. Enright was chief deputy district attorney. 18. d. The Mustang Theater was a topless bar. 19. c. Kraft plays bridge with other Death Row murderers. 20. b. Hicks became a Superior Court judge. 21. e. All of those developments occurred during Maniscalco's trial. 22. b. The Crystal Cathedral was exempted from spraying. 23. c. The kangaroo rat prompted a spraying exemption. 24. d. Naval weapons station officials won't comment on nuclear weapons. 25. b. Curtis wanted to annex Aegean Hills. 26. a. Finley had 18 wins. 27. b. Rothenberg eluded parole agents. 28. c. Smith was awarded $149.5 million. 29. b. Bart Simpson T-shirts were banned. 30. d. The younger Marinovich did not listen to subliminal tape recordings. 31. c. The painting of Icarus was rejected for an airport poster. 32. d. Mola's plans were blocked because of the outdated housing plan. 33. a. "Encyclopedia lots" caused land-title problems. 34. d. Hyatt received the patent for designing the computer-on-a-chip. 35. b. The new area code will be 909. 36. a. Agran was called The Evil Emperor. 37. a. There were fewer smog alerts in 1990. 38. d. Antitrust lawyers opposed the proposed merger. 39. d. Birtcher gave $15 million to

LA123090-0177_2

WOMAN DIES FROM BURNS SUSTAINED IN BLAZE; FIRES: THE INCIDENT IN YORBA LINDA PRECEDED ANOTHER ONE IN IRVINE THAT STARTED WHEN A CHRISTMAS TREE BROKE OUT IN FLAMES, INJURING TWO PEOPLE.

when the fire started. One neighbor said he ran to get a garden hose as he watched flames shooting from the windows. "She (O'Connor) was yelling, 'Phil (O'Connor, her husband) is still inside!' but then I heard Phil say, 'I'm all right!' " said Lee Ennis, a neighbor. "You could just see the flames taking off." Moments later, Philip O'Connor, 40, grabbed the couple's 4-year-old son, Philip Jr., and climbed out a second-floor window, fire officials said. He suffered second-degree burns on his hands and back, while Philip Jr. suffered minor burns on his hands. Philip O'Connor received outpatient treatment at the Irvine Medical Center. Philip Jr. was being treated at Children's Hospital of Orange County. Officials are investigating how the Christmas tree caught fire. The family lost everything inside the house, including all the newly opened Christmas gifts cherished by the children, Young said. So, on Saturday afternoon, county firefighters delivered a load of belated Christmas presents to the two young O'Connor boys. "The kids were devastated. Their toys were completely gone," Young said. "So we delivered these to boost their spirits." The toys -- including stuffed animals and a tricycle for the 2-year-old, a train set and a bicycle for the 4-year-old, and lots of Teenage Mutant Ninja Turtle pajamas and clothes -- came from Operation Santa Claus, an annual program that county firefighters run with the county Social Services Department. The toys usually are delivered to children at Orangewood, the county's home for abused and neglected children, on the day before Christmas, but this year there were some late donations at several fire stations, Young said. After the O'Connor blaze, the firefighters rounded up appropriate gifts from the late donations. The first delivery, in a firetruck, was made to the 2-year-old, who was with family friends in the neighborhood. Later, the firefighters took gifts -- including a blanket, to replace Philip Jr.'s treasured object, which burned -- to the youngster at Children's Hospital. According to neighbors, the O'Connors' two older children were away in Florida visiting grandparents. "They (O'Connors) said if they had been home they would have never been able to get them out," Ennis said. "Their dog got stuck inside and died." Young estimated damage to the home in the 15000 block of Vichy Circle at $465,000. Fire officials said the blaze was the eighth this holiday season started by a Christmas tree catching fire.

LA123090-0191_0

COLUMBO PRO AND CON

December 30, 1990, Sunday, Orange County Edition "Columbo" has an unquestionably winsome main character, to which Peter Falk still contributes his unquestionably charismatic star. Also unquestionably, the series' plots are so contrived you wonder about Columbo's true sleuthing abilities. Columbo is always aided in his investigating by an army of imbecilic murderers who ignore, inadvertently drop or otherwise flaunt evidence of their doings throughout each show (case in point, "Columbo Goes to College," ABC, Dec. 9). Considering the extraordinary amount of planning that goes into the murders, the ensuing stupidity of the perpetrators is simply perplexing. Or is it? Columbo is hailed by it creators and the press as one of the world's great detectives (he even gets the TV Times cover). The truth is, the series is just another average attempt by television to make its audience feel superior to the characters in a show. Given questionable cleverness of both killers and detective, figure out what they're implying about the audience. Valentina Verdugo, Los Angeles

LA123189-0025_2

ON AGING: A NEW FREEDOM AT FIFTYSOMETHING

a key symptom of the disease: mild aching or soreness of affected joints. Although osteoarthritis can occur in any joint, weight-bearing joints, such as the knees, hips and spine, are most commonly affected. According to the Arthritis Foundation, exercise for osteoarthritis sufferers can help maintain flexibility in the affected joints, restore and preserve the strength of surrounding muscles, and protect diseased joints from further damage. Appropriate exercises usually involve gentle movements that take the affected joints through their full range of motion. The exercise regimen may also include isometrics (tightening parts of the body without moving joints) and non- or low-impact aerobic activity, such as swimming, which promotes cardiovascular fitness. Before resuming any exercise program, consult your physician or a rheumatologist (a physician who specializes in diseases of the connective tissue, such as arthritis). Your doctor may refer you to a physical therapist to design a personal exercise plan. In addition to exercise, a comprehensive plan may include protection for the affected joints, weight control to minimize stress on weight-bearing joints, heat and cold treatments, and medication to relieve discomfort. The Arthritis Foundation offers group exercise programs for people with arthritis. For further information, contact your local chapter. Q: I was widowed seven years ago (I'm 58) and am now dating several men. I'm enjoying my freedom and am not sure I want to remarry. Is single or married life best? A: There are pros and cons with either choice. Single life and married life share similar fulfillments, disappointments, pleasures and problems. When people feel frustrated, it's usually because they aren't living the way they would like. You may prefer to keep relationships open-ended because remarriage would mean giving up new-found independence. You may not want to support your partner financially or in ill health, jeopardize your economic benefits or give up your home. When unmarried respondents with sexual partners were asked in a Consumer's Union survey of older adults why they didn't get married, almost half indicated they preferred things the way they were. The biggest difference between women and men was that 43% of the women -- but only 16% of the men -- said they couldn't get married because their sexual partners were already married to someone else. If marriage is your goal, someone who is committed to someone else, emotionally unstable or uninterested in a sustained relationship is not for you. Today's social climate is more

LA123189-0025_3

ON AGING: A NEW FREEDOM AT FIFTYSOMETHING

most commonly affected. According to the Arthritis Foundation, exercise for osteoarthritis sufferers can help maintain flexibility in the affected joints, restore and preserve the strength of surrounding muscles, and protect diseased joints from further damage. Appropriate exercises usually involve gentle movements that take the affected joints through their full range of motion. The exercise regimen may also include isometrics (tightening parts of the body without moving joints) and non- or low-impact aerobic activity, such as swimming, which promotes cardiovascular fitness. Before resuming any exercise program, consult your physician or a rheumatologist (a physician who specializes in diseases of the connective tissue, such as arthritis). Your doctor may refer you to a physical therapist to design a personal exercise plan. In addition to exercise, a comprehensive plan may include protection for the affected joints, weight control to minimize stress on weight-bearing joints, heat and cold treatments, and medication to relieve discomfort. The Arthritis Foundation offers group exercise programs for people with arthritis. For further information, contact your local chapter. Q: I was widowed seven years ago (I'm 58) and am now dating several men. I'm enjoying my freedom and am not sure I want to remarry. Is single or married life best? A: There are pros and cons with either choice. Single life and married life share similar fulfillments, disappointments, pleasures and problems. When people feel frustrated, it's usually because they aren't living the way they would like. You may prefer to keep relationships open-ended because remarriage would mean giving up new-found independence. You may not want to support your partner financially or in ill health, jeopardize your economic benefits or give up your home. When unmarried respondents with sexual partners were asked in a Consumer's Union survey of older adults why they didn't get married, almost half indicated they preferred things the way they were. The biggest difference between women and men was that 43% of the women -- but only 16% of the men -- said they couldn't get married because their sexual partners were already married to someone else. If marriage is your goal, someone who is committed to someone else, emotionally unstable or uninterested in a sustained relationship is not for you. Today's social climate is more permissive. Think about your views on marriage, living together and the circumstances under which sexual activity is acceptable to you. What's important is making choices with which you feel comfortable.

LA123189-0033_3

REAL ESTATE Q & A: DIVORCE AND TAXES: HOW TO DEFER PROFITS FROM SALE OF YOUR HOME

stay was removed, unless the sale was incorrectly handled, it appears you have no further rights in your home. Please consult a real estate attorney for further details. Promising Cure for 'Buyer's Remorse' Q: My husband and I signed a contract to buy a home. The realty agent arranged what, I admit, is a terrific fixed-rate mortgage. But I'm not sure about my job, as I've heard the hospital where I work as a nurse might be cutting back. Fortunately, my husband owns his company and business is booming. But without my paycheck, I'm not sure we can afford this house. How can we get out of our purchase contract, as I am scared we won't be able to afford the payments? A: It sounds like you have a very serious case of "buyer's remorse." The best remedy for this non-fatal disease is to consider the pros and cons of that house you agreed to buy. Please list all the advantages of buying, such as a home meeting the needs of your family, in a desirable part of town, for a reasonable purchase price and with favorable financing. I'm certain you can list other advantages. Now try to think of any disadvantages. Perhaps a large mortgage payment, but with a large itemized interest deduction on your tax returns. Maybe you won't be able to make the mortgage payment if you lose your job. But I hear registered nurses have no trouble finding jobs so, at the worst, you might be out of work an hour or two. If it is any comfort, most home buyers suffer the same buyer's remorse you are encountering. I remember contracting this dread disease the first night I lay awake in my new home worrying about how I would ever make the mortgage payments. Fortunately, I made the next payment and all 132 payments since then. Since then, my home has more than quadrupled in market value, has been a very comfortable place to enjoy living and has provided some outstanding income tax advantages, too. I'm certain your new home will be an equally profitable investment once you get over your non-serious case of buyer's remorse. Double Joint Tenancy in 2-Family Duplex Q: You are not going to believe this, but my wife and I want to buy a two-family duplex house with my in-laws. They are wonderful people who treat me like a son.

LA123189-0033_5

REAL ESTATE Q & A: DIVORCE AND TAXES: HOW TO DEFER PROFITS FROM SALE OF YOUR HOME

My wife and I have two children who get along great with their grandparents. We found a huge two-family duplex house where my in-laws would live in the two-bedroom unit and our family will live in the four-bedroom unit. They will be making the down payment, and we have agreed to split the monthly payment on a one-third, two-thirds basis. The problem is how to hold title. We all want to own the property as joint tenants with right of survivorship. But my wife thinks we should own half and her parents should own half, as joint tenants. Can this be done? A: Of course. Although you didn't indicate the ownership shares, I presume each couple will own one-half the property. In other words, each couple can own their half as joint tenants with right of survivorship. When one spouse dies, the surviving spouse then owns that half as surviving joint tenant. In other words, you will have a double joint tenancy in the two-family duplex. A real estate attorney can prepare the deed. Risk of Buying a Home 'Subject to' Mortgage Q: Almost six months ago, we bought our first home. I admit we were rather uneducated and the sellers took advantage of us. However, the price was a good deal so we really can't complain. But the problem is the mortgage. The seller said we could "take over" the payments on their old mortgage. Not knowing any better, we did so. A few months ago we received a nasty letter from the lender stating that if we did not agree to raise the loan's interest rate from 8.75% to 10%, the lender would call the loan. When I contacted the sellers, they said the lender told them we could take over the loan. The lender denies any such statement. If the interest rate is increased, our monthly payment will go up substantially. What should we do? A: Rather than assuming the existing mortgage, it appears you bought the home "subject to" the old loan. If it contains a due-on-sale clause, the lender is entitled to call the loan if the property is transferred to new ownership. However, if there is no due-on-sale clause or the lender told the seller it could be assumed by a buyer, then the lender cannot call the loan or increase your interest rate. Your first step is to get a copy of the

LA123189-0034_0

IN A FOREST OF TANGLED TREES ON A LONG PENINSULA BY THE SEA, A VISIONARY NAMED SIR CLOUGH WILLIAMS-ELLIS SPENT NEARLY HALF A CENTURY BUILDING HIS OWN CAMELOT OF BRICK, STONE AND ECCENTRIC DREAMS; WELSH FANTASY

December 31, 1989, Sunday, Home Edition While the upper reaches of Wales' highest peak are frequently lost in mists, stone farmhouses far below stand out against the hillsides -- their slate roofs glistening in a driving rain that turns the sod a shocking green. Swollen streams cascade over rocks, and waterfalls tumble into lush valleys. Such is the scene in North Wales, with monuments as old as the Pyramids, a land where Druids and Celts built megaliths to a vanished golden age and the legend of King Arthur was born. No country in the Western world has an older language -- still spoken -- or an older literature. It is here, in a forest of tangled trees on a long peninsula by the sea, that a visionary named Sir Clough Williams-Ellis built his very own Camelot and named it Portmeirion. He put together this enclave, piece by piece, like a jigsaw puzzle. It took Williams-Ellis, an architect, nearly half a century to create his dream, a dream he fashioned after his own eccentric whims. One house led to another until an entire village appeared. When Williams-Ellis purchased the site in 1925, only a single mansion overlooked Traeth Bach, an estuary that flows to the Irish Sea. After this, Williams-Ellis traveled across Europe, rescuing buildings from destruction and incorporating them into his unique village. From 1925 to 1972, when the last building was set in place, Portmeirion became his not-so-private passion. After converting the original old mansion, with its sea-washed terrace, into a hotel, now known as Main House, he built his first guest cottages. This was in 1926. Today, travelers seek shelter in rooms, suites and small apartments whose names (Royal Dolphin, Anchor and Watch House) relate to Portmeirion's proximity to the Irish Sea. Sun-washed, pastel-colored towers co-exist with Georgian houses, and with twilight, Portmeirion takes on the soft shades of Portofino, that distant Italian village which inspired Williams-Ellis to create Portmeirion. Yet Portmeirion projects its own peculiar personality, what with peacocks parading under peppermint-striped awnings, and dwarf-size doorways and staircases that end abruptly. Everything is slightly askew, and the closer you look, the more surreal it becomes. A bristol colonnade rises dead center of the cobblestone village, and gilded Burmese dancers from Asia perch atop Ionic columns not far from a giant Buddha. If all this strikes you as some sort of Mad Hatter's dream, then the picture is

LA123189-0044_3

CHANGES, CUTBACKS ALLOW SAN PEDRO HOSPITAL TO CUT ITS DEFICIT; MEDICINE: 'TURNAROUND HAS COME,' PRESIDENT ASSERTS. CRITICS SAY THE WORST OF THE FISCAL CRISIS MAY BE OVER.

and demanding less hospitalization and more outpatient care, "a smaller, mobile force is the way you have to do it," Schoenwetter said. In addition to calling for cuts, Ernst & Whinney also said that San Pedro had to strengthen itself as a community hospital by upgrading key services and moving toward specialties such as cardiac surgery. Dr. Bruce Goldreyer, who is chief of staff, said the way to get more physicians to use a hospital is to "provide them with the facilities that they need." The hospital will spend $2.5 million to upgrade maternity care with what Wilson called a "state-of-the-art" obstetrics center. It will be financed through the sale of excess hospital property. In a $1.5-million program, the hospital will open a cardiovascular surgery center in October. Ernst & Whinney concluded that this service could add $1 million a year to hospital profits, according to officials. Responding to the trend toward outpatient care, San Pedro Hospital in January will open a 15-bed ambulatory center for short-stay surgical procedures. The hospital has been providing this outpatient service, but it will be able to accommodate nearly twice as many patients in a more comfortable setting, Goldreyer said. A 24-hour industrial accident center has been opened next to the emergency room. Orosz said it should appeal to employers "because they can be assured care always will be available." Newspaper advertising and direct mail -- concentrated on San Pedro, the Palos Verdes Peninsula, Harbor City and Lomita -- are being used to attract more patients. In April, the hospital will present a one-year progress report to community corporation members. Although hospital leaders say they have parted the sea of red ink without reducing quality, Geller and Schoenwetter contend that recovery has had a price, including morale problems stemming from the loss of staff. "It's a transition time," Schoenwetter said. "There are insecurities on the part of the staff and physical disruptions as new facilities are being put in and renovations are going on." For his part, Wilson said he believes the success of this year's hospital fund-raising drive amounts to a vote of confidence. More than $3 million, including a single $1-million gift from an anonymous benefactor, was raised by the hospital foundation. Last year, the total was $863,000. He said months of adverse publicity might have been expected to dampen the drive. Instead, he said, the hospital had "its biggest year ever."

LA123189-0051_3

ZAP! INTO THE NINETIES; STATE OF THE ART FOR FILMS; THE LASER VIDEO DISC WILL DO TO HOME ENTERTAINMENT IN THE NEXT DECADE WHAT THE VCR DID IN THE EIGHTIES

the movies? In the few instances where the tape-to-film process has already been used -- in the Kathleen Turner film "Julia and Julia," for instance -- audiences thought they were watching a TV soap opera in a theater. Most front-rank film directors wouldn't touch tape with a 10-foot boom pole. "The Sony people are deluding themselves into thinking video will ever replace film," said director Joe Dante ("Gremlins"), a keen follower of cutting-edge film technology. "I can't believe that outside porno theaters, audiences will accept that kind of quality." Does that mean film and film projectors will still be the way movies are shown in theaters 10 years from now? Possibly. The 35-millimeter, 24-frames-per-second system of filming and projection has been the standard for about 70 years. There have been occasional technological forays into theatrical exotica: 3-D, Cinemascope, Cinerama, 70-mm, Imax, Showscan (70-mm shot at 60 frames per second). But the real adventures ahead are, as they were in the '80s, more likely to occur at home than in the multiplex. People with large screens, video-disc players and proper surround-sound audio systems have already glimpsed and heard the future and even with the current limitations, it looks bright and sounds clear. Such wide-screen films as "Lawrence of Arabia" and "The Robe" are already available on video disc in their original full frame format. The "letterboxed" discs create a black band above and below the film's image, a distraction that American marketing mavens believe will cause resistance among consumers here. As the Japanese gain a greater say in the software sold in the U.S., they may be less daunted by that problem. In their country, the video-disc player and letterboxed movies are in wider use than squared films on videotape. If the future of home entertainment is movies (let's be optimistic and assume the future isn't "Married . . . With Children"), it is inevitable that the coming high-definition changeover will also bring with it a wider TV screen. After all, the square screen only became the standard because when TV was invented, movies were square. In any case, the video-disc player is apt to become the TV accessory of choice in the next few years, and in fact, the revolution has already begun. More than 4,000 films have been transferred to laser discs, disc players are now competitively priced with VCRs, and in a growing number of instances, video discs

LA123189-0078_0

RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN POLICE GUARDS, FEDERAL INFORMANT INVESTIGATED

December 31, 1989, Sunday, Bulldog Edition A mob informant and his Rhode Island police guards developed such a loose relationship over 3 1/2 years that they frolicked in Florida together and sold vehicles to each other, even though the protected witness was serving a prison term. And security was so lax that anybody looking for informant Peter Gilbert -- a prized witness who traveled to court surrounded by police sharpshooters -- had only to look in Rhode Island auto title applications to find the address of his supposedly secret hideaway. His widow, Debra, and her lawyer also alleged in recent interviews at her Florida home that police told her Gilbert to turn in phony receipts for Gilbert's expenses. A Rhode Island attorney general's report also said Gilbert, serving a 10-year prison term for murder at the time he was a protected witness, illegally had guns, improperly collected welfare and often was allowed to roam freely. He frequently was ferried to Florida with his guards, some of whom allegedly brought their girlfriends. "It was just as if they were a bunch of fraternity guys, sky-diving, drinking, women," said Thomas Hogan Jr., Debra Gilbert's attorney. Her revelations are the latest about her husband's custody that have surfaced since he died June 11, 1988. They flabbergast the man who founded the federal witness-protection program. "Our prime goal is to keep him alive, to keep him in the right frame of mind to testify," said John Partington, a former U.S. marshal recently named Providence, R.I., public safety commissioner. Gilbert, 43, died of a heart attack while on an unsupervised sky-diving trip to Connecticut. The attorney general's report later acknowledged that police knew that he had a history of heart problems. Police found cocaine in his car. Rhode Island state police are investigating, but previous reports by the attorney general and the Providence Journal-Bulletin showed that the state spent as much as $169,000 on Gilbert and his wife during his 3 1/2 years in police custody. Purchases included bullets, liquor, jewelry, concert tickets and 52 sky-diving trips. Two of Gilbert's guards have committed suicide since his death and two were reassigned from the police intelligence unit to the uniform division. Former Providence Police Chief Anthony J. Mancuso, who became the attorney general's chief drug enforcement officer while continuing to be paid by Providence after stepping down as chief, recently resigned from the attorney general's office

LA123189-0087_0

ST. LOUIS ACTIVISTS STRUGGLE TO END VIOLENCE'S TOLL ON YOUNG BLACK MEN

December 31, 1989, Sunday, Bulldog Edition Baqi Cherry has felt the cold, hard barrel of a gun at his head and has seen bloody, violent death up close. "The easiest way out is to sell drugs in my community. I did it to survive. I sold drugs to feed myself," said Cherry, 19, who has survived life on the streets of America's deadliest city for young black men. "It wasn't until I got in the group that I found out there are other ways to get by." "The stuff that he's been through -- this kid could have given up a long time ago. He would have been a homicide statistic, no doubt in my mind," said Police Capt. Charles Alphin, who leads "the group" Cherry joined. Alphin formed the Dr. Martin Luther King Jr. St. Louis Youth Support Group two years ago to help black teen-agers find alternatives to violence that are not preachy or sissy, that they can use and "still be cool." The 35 to 40 teen-agers meet each week in a classroom in Alphin's station house to talk about ways that nonviolence can work in their everyday lives, which are spent in neighborhoods where death, drugs, guns and gangs are not uncommon. Young black men in St. Louis are being killed at a higher rate than in any other large city, statistics show. A recent study by the Missouri Department of Health concluded that without change, one out of every 13 black males in St. Louis who are now 15 will be killed before age 45. Cherry can count friends and relatives among those statistics. He has come close, but with the help of "the group," he is a believer in nonviolence. Today Cherry, who graduated from high school in May, is working evenings at a bank. He is engaged to be married and plans to start college part-time in January. He wants to be an engineer, or maybe a teacher. Alphin's is one of many efforts aimed at reducing the deadly toll. In 1985-87, the murder rate for black men aged 15 to 44 was 258.8 per 100,000 people -- 21.2% higher than Detroit and more than 130% higher than Washington. While the high rate was alarming to many, the composite of the typical victim was not surprising to anyone who reads the daily paper, where killings on the predominantly black North Side often are

LA123189-0090_3

GUNS IN THE BOOK BAG: PUPILS FIND NO SAFE HAVEN -- IN OR OUT OF CLASS

day of school. "There's no safety in Prospect Heights," even though there are spot checks with metal detectors, said Bob (Brother) Abu, 15. "If (guards) don't come on Monday, they put the weapons in their lockers. So when the weapon detectors come on Wednesday, they have their weapons in the school already." "There ain't no safety," said his 17-year-old friend, who identified himself as Carl or Shrapnel Insepticon, a senior at Erasmus Hall High School in Brooklyn. He wore a blue bandanna over his lower face and said he was a member of the Decepticons, a street gang named after evil characters in "The Transformers," cartoon show. The loosely knit gang, which wears bandannas as identification, has been accused of taking part in Halloween rampages on Manhattan's East Side, and in wolfpack-type attacks on students at bus and subway stations. More than 100,000 students stayed away from school on Halloween, apparently out of fear. More than 250 high school-age youths were arrested as they roamed the streets robbing, intimidating and assaulting pedestrians and merchants. Muir and the UFT have proposed some remedies: metal detectors in every school, police liaisons for junior high schools, stiffer penalties for carrying guns. But these steps, all agree, will not solve the underlying problems that lead to violence. "The schools are a mirror of society," Irushalmi said, citing the easy availability of weapons and "the diminution of values." "These kids don't distinguish between the schools and the streets," Muir said. "They don't see any difference." "We really think it's related to drugs. Part of it has to do with the sales, but another part is a lot of the kids' parents are using drugs, and the kids are acting out," said Gretchen Rausch, an assistant commissioner of the Probation Department who began her career as a probation officer in 1967. Arrests of pupils ages 7 to 16 rose 27% from 1987 to 1988, she said. The youngsters say there is no simple reason why they prey upon each other and their teachers. Sean Chittick, 17, is a senior at Murry Bergtraum High School, across from police headquarters and regarded by many as one of the safest schools. Still, he sees violence all around him, and he is mystified. "It just be happening for no type of reason," he said. "Now they just be killing them for gold jewelry, or 'You lookin' at my girl.' "

LA123189-0092_2

HUMANS POSE LATEST THREAT TO FISH THAT HAS SURVIVED 380 MILLION YEARS

did not pose an immediate threat to the coelacanths or to the food chain. "But if it increased two or three times, it would be a major concern," he said. Recent research in California on other fish species suggests that "reproduction is very strongly affected by the body burden of PCBs and DDT. . . . When you start getting into the parts-per-million range, there is a definite effect on spawning success." And because they reproduce very slowly, he said, coelacanths would be "particularly at risk." The real surprise for Hale was that a fish from such a remote site and such deep water (they live 650 to 2,000 feet below the surface) had any PCBs at all. But Musick was not surprised. "Because of the global dynamics of the transport (of such substances), there ain't no place you can go. It's a sad truth," he said. The long-lasting PCBs get into the atmosphere and fall with the rain into the oceans, where they are taken up in the chitin shells of tiny zooplankton. "And virtually everything else munches on these things," Musick said. Then, because the chitin is indigestible, it falls in fecal pellets to the ocean bottom. There, the PCBs are taken up on the food web of bottom feeders, like the coelacanths. The presence in the coelacanths of DDT, rather than one of the byproducts of its slow decomposition, was more surprising to Musick. "The fact that the animals had DDT indicated the stuff is still being used over . . . in East Africa. And that should be some cause for alarm for people interested in the global environment," he said. DDT use has been banned in the United States since 1972. The "fossil fish" are under a more direct threat from native and foreign collectors. Fishermen can sell a coelacanth carcass to the government of the impoverished Comoros for the equivalent of one or two years' wages, Musick said. They bring several thousand dollars on the black market, which includes taxidermists and Asians seeking the fish's spinal fluid, which is regarded as a longevity potion. Such pressure could mean the end of coelacanths, which scientists believe grow slowly, take a long time to reach sexual maturity and have a small number of young. "Such animals tend to be very vulnerable to overfishing and slow in recovering because their reproductive potential is so low," Musick said.

LA123189-0093_0

EARNING CEILING TO RISE FOR RECIPIENTS OF DISABILITY BENEFITS

December 31, 1989, Sunday, Bulldog Edition On the first day of the new year, new rules will raise the amount of money recipients of government disability benefits can earn, the Department of Health and Human Services announced Friday. HHS Secretary Louis W. Sullivan said the increases "will serve as an additional incentive for many disabled Americans to return to work and improve the quality of life for themselves and their families." The rules will affect recipients of Social Security Disability Insurance and Supplemental Security Income who are not blind.

LA123189-0111_1

NEW YEAR RINGS IN STIFFER DRUNK LAW

noted, nearly every CHP officer in the state will be on duty and looking for drunk drivers. But beyond New Year's Eve, state officials hope the stricter standard will help persuade drinkers to change their habits permanently and avoid driving while intoxicated. Helmick urged groups of drinkers to pick a designated driver who will remain sober. Or, he said, people who have had too much to drink should take a cab, call a friend or find another way home. California is one of only four states to adopt the restrictive .08 blood alcohol level standard. The others are Maine, Oregon and Utah. Sen. Bill Leonard (R-Big Bear), the author of the law, said medical evidence overwhelmingly demonstrates that people are intoxicated when their blood alcohol level reaches .08%. In fact, Leonard said, tests have shown that many individuals can be drunk at levels of .05 or less. Even at as low as a .02 blood alcohol level, drinking can interfere with a driver's judgment, he said. The amount of alcohol that will produce a .08 level varies from person to person and will depend on such factors as an individual's weight and how recently he or she has eaten. But for a person who weighs between 90 and 149 pounds, three drinks consumed during a two-hour period is almost certain to produce a blood alcohol level of .08, according to the CHP. (One drink is considered 12 ounces of beer, four ounces of wine or 1 1/4 ounces of 80-proof liquor.) Similarly, for a person who weighs between 150 and 189 pounds, four drinks during a two-hour period will result in intoxication. Leonard said his goal in carrying the bill was to reduce the number of drunk driving fatalities, not to increase the number of people arrested for driving under the influence. "I don't want to see anybody arrested," he said. "I want to see people drinking and having fun and driving when sober." After years of rejecting the lower level, the Legislature agreed this year to adopt the .08 blood alcohol standard to reduce the number of deaths and fatalities on California's highways. More than 2,500 people died in 1988 as a result of drunk driving accidents and more than 65,000 others were injured. So far this year, 1,789 have died in drunk driving accidents. The CHP's Helmick estimates that 25,000 people have died in California during the 1980s

LA123189-0112_4

LEGISLATORS' CHALLENGE: KEEP COMPROMISES COMING

fixed in trying to be pragmatic, in trying to come up with what will reduce automobile rates," Roberti said. "I still clearly lean against no-fault. But, in an attempt to bring about compromise, I think we have to abandon fixed ideological positions." Some other issues that will be getting attention in the second year of the 1989-90 session: * Earthquake relief. Lawmakers, meeting in special session in November, passed a temporary, quarter-cent sales tax increase to raise $800 million for earthquake-stricken Northern California. But many local officials contend that the bail-out will fall short. Among the increased aid to be considered will be a proposal to give added grants to cities and counties to make up for sales tax revenue lost because business activity decreased in quake-damaged downtown districts. * Family planning and abortion. Deukmejian's decision to cut two-thirds of the state budget for contraceptive and women's health services is being challenged in the courts. Meanwhile, legislative leaders and the Administration are negotiating in search of a way to restore much of the money in a way that conservatives can be assured will not benefit abortion clinics. Seeking to turn public opinion their way after several well-publicized electoral defeats, anti-abortion groups are reportedly set to propose two measures that could put abortion rights groups on the spot. One measure would outlaw abortions sought because the parents are not happy with the sex of the fetus. The other would make it easier to file criminal charges against someone who injured a pregnant woman and caused the death of her fetus, a concept known as "fetal manslaughter." * Savings and loan regulation. The failure of state-chartered Lincoln Savings & Loan has prompted lawmakers to question whether California regulators are doing enough to protect the savings of state residents. Senate and Assembly committees have been hearing testimony on the issue during the legislative recess, and a number of proposals are expected to be introduced when lawmakers return. Then there is the ballot. An election year is usually enough by itself to keep the Legislature from enacting major programs. But this year also involves two special elections to replace legislators who have moved to other positions, the election of a new governor and, likely, the consideration of a couple of dozen ballot measures, several of which involve the Legislature itself. Already virtually assured of places on the ballot are two initiatives that would change

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WON'T HELP NORIEGA EVADE JUSTICE, VATICAN SAYS; DIPLOMACY: IT IS THE FIRST PUBLIC COMMENT FROM THE CHURCH SECRETARIAT. COMMUNIQUE IS SEEN AS A WAY TO SOFT-PEDAL ITS DIFFERENCES WITH THE U.S.

one week ago today in flight from U.S. troops seeking to arrest him to face drug trafficking charges in Florida. "The apostolic nuncio had no intention of obstructing the course of justice regarding a person who is accused of grave crimes," the secretariat's statement said. Admitted to the embassy in what the Vatican calls a correct decision of the papal nuncio, Archbishop Jose Sebastian Laboa, Noriega has remained incommunicado there while the diplomatic tempest rages around him. International conventions subscribed to by Latin American republics as well as the United States and the Vatican provide the right of political asylum but offer no protection to common criminals. The Vatican said Friday that no decision had been taken on Noriega's request for political asylum. Instead, he has "temporary political refuge" at the nunciature but is being encouraged to leave. The former strongman will not be forced to go, however, the Vatican says. Neither, Vatican diplomats insist, is there any legal way that a diplomatic mission accredited to Panama can turn him over directly to the United States, which the Vatican regards juridically as "an occupying power." Vatican spokesman Joaquin Navarro would not elaborate on the brief secretariat statement Saturday but indicated that the Vatican had still not received a letter written earlier this week in which Guillermo Endara, Panama's new president, asked that Noriega be expelled from his sanctuary. Throughout a tense week of negotiations, the Vatican has hinted repeatedly that it would look favorably on a formal request from Panama for Noriega to face criminal charges there. Analysts here conclude that Endara sees nothing to gain for Panama by relieving the Vatican of a hot potato. The United States, for its part, says that Panamanian stability cannot be assured while Noriega remains in the country. There has been no attempt by the Holy See to locate a third country willing to accept Noriega, the Vatican has said repeatedly. Once again Saturday the Vatican defended Laboa's acceptance of Noriega's request for shelter, saying he acted "to help end a conflict which in the previous days had provoked great destruction and many victims." L'Osservatore Romano, the Vatican's official newspaper, made no mention Saturday of the diplomatic standoff with the United States. Instead, it published statements from three Panamanian bishops, and from Cardinal John J. O'Connor of New York, hailing Laboa's action in what O'Connor called "effectively neutralizing Noriega and his violent stand."

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ISRAELI POLICE ATTACK PEACE MARCH; MIDDLE EAST: CROWD WAS TRYING TO FORM HUMAN CHAIN FOR PEACE AROUND WALL OF OLD CITY. AT LEAST 50 WERE INJURED AND ANOTHER 50 ARRESTED.

December 31, 1989, Sunday, Home Edition Unprovoked police attacks marred an otherwise peaceful rally of Palestinians, Israelis and Europeans who joined hands Saturday in the biggest demonstration of the two-year-old Arab uprising. Police used rubber bullets, tear gas and truncheons to break up crowds that had gathered outside the historic Old City of Jerusalem. At least 50 participants were reported to be hospitalized with mostly light wounds and welts and another 50 were arrested, police said. All but 16 Palestinians were released by nightfall, a spokesman said. Two thousand municipal and border police were on hand for the rally. An Italian woman in the Pilgrims Palace Hotel suffered severe damage to an eye when green dye sprayed from a police water cannon burst windows along the upper floors and sent shards flying inside. In another incident, police overshot their mark with tear gas canisters and gassed a unit of their comrades. The tumult took place in Arab-populated East Jerusalem near the Damascus Gate, one of the main entrances to the walled enclave that encompasses shrines of the Jewish, Christian and Muslim faiths. Police also raided the National Palace Hotel in East Jerusalem and sprayed tear gas into a packed lobby where Palestinian leader Faisal Husseini was preparing to give a post-demonstration press conference. "Today, even with a permit to hold a demonstration, you can see that the police used brutality," said Husseini, who is associated with the mainstream Fatah wing of the Palestine Liberation Organization. "We, the Palestinian people, have the same experience every day," he said. "But today, we are not alone." Despite the short outbursts of violence, most rally-goers, which included women and children, stood calmly, held hands and, at one preplanned moment, launched colored balloons aloft in the unseasonably clear skies. Pacifist anthems such as "We Shall Overcome" and "Give Peace a Chance" blared from loudspeakers near Jaffa Road, Jerusalem's main commercial street. The goal of completely encircling the Old City with a human chain was foiled as large groups collected near main intersections and city gates. Crowds on the side of the city facing the Mount of Olives were sparser. No one unfurled Palestinian flags or threw stones, both of which commonly incite police to crack down. Police said they attacked demonstrators because they were shouting "nationalist slogans," government radio reported. Some youthful demonstrators shouted "Long live Abu Amar!" the Arabic nom de guerre of PLO

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BRIEFING / EVENTS IN THE NEWS THIS WEEK.

December 31, 1989, Sunday, Orange County Edition The revelry of New Year's Eve is expected tonight as Orange Countians usher in the new decade. Along with the annual fun and festivities invariably comes those who try to drive home drunk. To that end the California Highway Patrol has stepped up its enforcement efforts. Local officials say 75% of the department's available manpower will be on the road tonight. Drunk drivers will have one more obstacle come midnight, as a new state law takes effect that lowers the legal blood alcohol limit from 0.10 to 0.08. Those too drunk to drive may call (800) 422-4143 from 7 p.m. to 3 a.m. nightly tonight and Monday to get a free cab ride from any public place to their home. The free rides are limited to a 20-mile radius with riders picking up the cost for additional miles. The service is co-sponsored by Mothers Against Drunk Driving and CareUnit Hospital of Orange. Also offering free rides home are Yellow Cab of North Orange County and Orange Coast Yellow Cab under a program sponsored by local beer and wine wholesalers.

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'HAZARDOUS LOTTERY' AT SUPERIOR COURT

December 31, 1989, Sunday, Orange County Edition Our readers wrote letters throughout 1989 expressing their viewpoints on a variety of issues. Here are condensed versions of some of those letters. We appreciate their taking the time to share their viewpoints and look forward to hearing from more of them in 1990. Allow me to suggest a powerful deterrent to would-be violators of the law in Orange County. Let them spend one day -- just one -- in the Jury Assembly Room and/or the jury box of the Superior Court of the County of Orange. The problem, as I see it, lies not at the bench, nor with the attorneys, but with the hazardous lottery know as "a jury of our peers." I arrived at the Superior Courthouse, naive as a college freshman, eager to perform my jury service in the most thoughtful, unbiased manner possible. What I encountered was a room filled with prospective jurors who know that they, too, will perhaps spend interminable hours waiting to be called. Do they bring books or magazines? Correspondence or projects to be completed? Crosswords puzzles even? No. Instead, multiples of the citizenry assembled are content to sit for hours, staring witlessly into the middle distance. There is clearly nobody home. Then, if one is fortunate enough to be selected as a potential juror, it is still tough to make the final cut. Possession of an operable brain, all (well, most) of one's faculties, quickly renders a candidate suspect. With keen insight, I soon discerned that these qualities, along with basic honesty, were deemed unnecessary in some jury boxes. Judgment by a jury of my peers? I quail at the thought. JUDY PERRY Laguna Beach

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BREAKING INTO THE '90S. A NEW WORLD IN TIME. WALLS FALL, DEBTS RISE, POLITICIANS THRIVE, ENVIRONMENTS SUFFER-A LOOK OVER THE SHOULDER AND OVER THE HORIZON.; EUROPE TAKES CENTER STAGE AS SOVIET EMPIRE COLLAPSES

December 31, 1989, Sunday, Home Edition Easily said, still hard to believe: The Soviet empire came to an end in 1989. History never came wrapped in a neater package. In 1980, the will of the people found voice in the shipyards of Gdansk, Poland. Outlawed and driven underground, the movement only gathered strength. Last year, it stepped into the void left by the Polish Communist Party. Before year's end, the power of this example swept four other Communist parties out of power, stranding Soviet armies in a Europe they could no longer hope to control. All sorts of trouble may lie ahead but there is no going back. Three times in the course of their 40-year occupation, Soviet armies put down popular revolutions in Eastern Europe -- in East Germany in 1953, in Hungary in 1956, in Czechoslovakia in 1968. Each episode sparked an international political crisis. An attempt to repeat suppression -- simultaneously in five countries -- would be indistinguishable from general war. As a result, several things end with the '80s: Moscow's rule in Eastern Europe, communism as a political movement, the balance of power established after Germany's defeat in 1945 and the fear of Soviet expansionism that sustained the Cold War. It is so hard to exaggerate the political significance of these events. They place 1989 on a level with 1917, 1848 and 1789. But the full meaning of those years is in what followed, not in what ended; this will also be true now. As Niels Bohr used to say, "It is very hard to predict, especially about the future." Yet certain things seem likely. The first is Europe's return to center stage in international politics. Not only the Soviet Union will recede to the wings, but the United States as well. We aren't rich enough to pay for the reconstruction of Eastern Europe, and we are no longer irreplaceable in defense of the West. Europeans will be polite about it, but there will be some painful adjustments in Washington. Second will be the re-emergence of a confident, powerful, united Germany. Poland, Hungary, Czechoslovakia, Romania and Bulgaria are now the orphans of Europe. No one is responsible for financing their recovery after 40 years of economic stagnation. They will have to beg for help where they can find it. Only East Germany will have a powerful patron. The combination of a growing economy and return of

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WHAT KIND OF SOCIETY KEEPS ITS CHILDREN IN POVERTY?

December 31, 1989, Sunday, Home Edition We are seeing an extraordinary celebration of freedom in Europe. With breathtaking swiftness, we are witnessing the emergence of a new world. As my heart thrills to this burst of new life, I am called to assess the state of freedom -- and the state of children -- in my own country. I guarantee you, no East German family in pursuit of liberty would wisely go to Main and Fifth streets in Los Angeles. Nothing inhibits expression, action, movement and personal freedom more than oppressive and grinding poverty. Nothing so impoverishes a person as a deficient education. Most shocking of all is the way the burden of this poverty makes captives of our children. In California, the richest state in the nation, the poor go to bed hungry, if they are lucky enough to have a bed. After the staggering amounts we spend to defend ourselves externally, there isn't enough left over to feed the ones we're defending internally -- to help give them decent shelter, decent schools, decent care when they're sick and old. A serious measure of a society is how it treats its children. By that standard America is in deep trouble. The United States may be the first society in history where children are worse off than adults. Children are now 40% of the nation's poor -- 25% of everyone under the age of 18 lives in poverty. Have we created a society that doesn't love children? W. C. Fields once remarked cynically, "Anyone who hates children and dogs can't be all bad." That used to be funny because it wasn't true. But today we have created a society where children are abused and neglected, and where the "throw-away child" has become a walking social catastrophe in our time. In June, 1989, California received a grade of D for its services to the state's 7.6 million children, in a report prepared by Children Now, a nonpartisan group of distinguished Californians. The picture is grim. One out of five children in California lives in poverty. Half the state's 2-year-olds have not been fully immunized against communicative diseases. Education is a well-documented disaster, with one-third of all students dropping out of high school before graduation -- and for blacks the figure reaches 48%, for Latinos, 45%. These bleak figures will worsen when the impact of Gov. George Deukmejian's $25-million cut in family-planning

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WHAT KIND OF SOCIETY KEEPS ITS CHILDREN IN POVERTY?

a deficient education. Most shocking of all is the way the burden of this poverty makes captives of our children. In California, the richest state in the nation, the poor go to bed hungry, if they are lucky enough to have a bed. After the staggering amounts we spend to defend ourselves externally, there isn't enough left over to feed the ones we're defending internally -- to help give them decent shelter, decent schools, decent care when they're sick and old. A serious measure of a society is how it treats its children. By that standard America is in deep trouble. The United States may be the first society in history where children are worse off than adults. Children are now 40% of the nation's poor -- 25% of everyone under the age of 18 lives in poverty. Have we created a society that doesn't love children? W. C. Fields once remarked cynically, "Anyone who hates children and dogs can't be all bad." That used to be funny because it wasn't true. But today we have created a society where children are abused and neglected, and where the "throw-away child" has become a walking social catastrophe in our time. In June, 1989, California received a grade of D for its services to the state's 7.6 million children, in a report prepared by Children Now, a nonpartisan group of distinguished Californians. The picture is grim. One out of five children in California lives in poverty. Half the state's 2-year-olds have not been fully immunized against communicative diseases. Education is a well-documented disaster, with one-third of all students dropping out of high school before graduation -- and for blacks the figure reaches 48%, for Latinos, 45%. These bleak figures will worsen when the impact of Gov. George Deukmejian's $25-million cut in family-planning services hits the families of our state. What we've allowed to happen to our children is scandalous. It grieves the heart of God. A society in which children are the poorest citizens loses every claim to greatness. As citizens of this rich state, we can change that if we choose. The Greeks had a saying: "There will be no justice in Athens until the uninjured parties are as indignant as the injured parties." In 1990 my deepest hope is that we commit ourselves to be advocates for those who have no voice, to create a society worthy of our children.

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WORLD FINANCIAL FORECAST: CLOUDY, CLEAR

good old 1960s. This was when Americans thought average, single-income families could -- and should -- own their own homes while watching their standards of living rise every year. That would be nice, but the world economy is as likely to belly-up as boom. International cooperation can help deter trouble but the outlook is complicated by current relationships. With U.S. prosperity still dependent on an inflow of Japanese capital that many Americans resent, and tensions between the two Pacific partners ratcheting up year by year, the United States and Japan could waste the 1990s in futile but expensive trade wars. Meanwhile, Western Europe could be too busy picking up the pieces in the East to care much about the rest of the world. An isolationist Europe might restrict imports from both the United States and Asia. Instead of one dynamic world economy, we could end up with three stagnant, quarreling blocs. One other question mark hovers over the future. In most of the world, the '80s were the decade of Thatcherism -- Reaganomics without the tax cuts. The basic idea was to make life better for the rich in the belief that this prosperity would "trickle down." Maybe. Historians generally (not universally; historians, like economists, glory in contradiction) blame 1920s speculation for the Great Depression of the '30s. The rich had plenty of money to invest, but the poor and middle class had no money to buy. There was more. International finance resembled a giant Ponzi scheme. Germany borrowed from the United States to pay debts to Britain and France. Britain and France used their German money to pay U.S. war debt. But when the crash came, Americans had no more money for Germany. Without U.S. money, Germany collapsed. Without German money, France and Britain could not pay debts. Some financial historians warn that we are in danger of repeating this dismal story, with Japan lending money to the United States so that we can service foreign debt -- the largest, fastest-growing debt in the world. If Tokyo stock and real-estate markets should falter -- and there are plenty of reasons why they should -- Japanese money would dry up overnight. The shock could bring down America's banking system, cause a new Great Depression and leave the dollar trading one-for-one with the peso. Oh well. History is not only bunk, the State Department tells us it's over. Happy New Year.

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TERM LIMITS FOR ELECTED OFFICIALS

December 31, 1989, Sunday, Home Edition You say (without explaining the connection) that term limits "would upset the balance of power between elected officials, who often require years of service to command the details of policy questions." But such limits would, on the contrary, allow more fairness in elections. Any pol who can't give up fund-raising long enough to learn such details in two terms should be replaced by someone smarter and more dedicated. Most disturbing, you say, is that term limits "would constitute a collective admission that our government and our politics have failed." On the contrary, both would be improved, because many more people would vote and the quality of politics would thereby improve. Our present disgracefully low voter turnout is directly due to a feeling of helplessness in any effort to displace incumbents, no matter how incompetent. And finally, your professed faith in the people's ability to recognize official corruption and turn the rascals out via vote or recall in timely fashion is, unfortunately, pitiful. CONRAD THOMAS Ventura

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THE WORD THEY USE IS SCARY

December 31, 1989, Sunday, Home Edition We have been visiting doctors, nurses, technicians and administrators in the wards and clinics that serve people infected with the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) that causes AIDS, asking them to assess the situation. The word they used most often was scary. Demand for services is outpacing development of new services. Thousands will be denied life-extending therapies, identified by the National Institute of Allergies and Infectious Diseases last summer, unless there is a rapid expansion of programs. But no new money is in sight. Clearly, the crisis in AIDS-related services and facilities, thought to be years away, is here and now. Los Angeles County alone would have to triple its budget next year to provide the early intervention procedures recommended by the U.S. Public Health Service. Orange County estimates that its facilities can meet less than half the demand for new services. Already there are waits as long as eight weeks for out-patient services in Los Angeles County, with waiting lists, even for the dying, for access to hospice care. Los Angeles County exhausted its AIDS home-care budget in the first five months of the fiscal year and has had to divert $650,000 from other health care to keep the program going. Home care is under review amidst growing concerns about the cost, averaging $8,000 a month, higher than a residential nursing facility. Yet there are only 100 beds in residential nursing facilities for AIDS patients in Los Angeles County, and most of those beds are not state- licensed and therefore not useable for Medi-Cal or other publicly funded patients. Throughout the state there is a serious shortage of skilled AIDS health-care workers. The new West Hollywood Clinic, intended to be a model for early intervention for HIV-infected persons, is running at 75% of its target capacity, short two nurses and relying on part-time physicians instead of the full-time doctor planned initially. Three-fourths of the nurses in the AIDS ward at Los Angeles County/USC Medical Center are hired from a nurses' registry because the hospital has been unable to recruit enough permanent staff. The staff of the dental clinic of AIDS Project Los Angeles has declined to the time equivalent of one dentist, forcing patients to wait as long as four months for non-emergency procedures. Some progress is being made. California has received a supplementary federal grant of$5.4 million for AZT and other prescription drugs,

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THE WORD THEY USE IS SCARY

nursing facilities for AIDS patients in Los Angeles County, and most of those beds are not state- licensed and therefore not useable for Medi-Cal or other publicly funded patients. Throughout the state there is a serious shortage of skilled AIDS health-care workers. The new West Hollywood Clinic, intended to be a model for early intervention for HIV-infected persons, is running at 75% of its target capacity, short two nurses and relying on part-time physicians instead of the full-time doctor planned initially. Three-fourths of the nurses in the AIDS ward at Los Angeles County/USC Medical Center are hired from a nurses' registry because the hospital has been unable to recruit enough permanent staff. The staff of the dental clinic of AIDS Project Los Angeles has declined to the time equivalent of one dentist, forcing patients to wait as long as four months for non-emergency procedures. Some progress is being made. California has received a supplementary federal grant of$5.4 million for AZT and other prescription drugs, and that money is now being distributed to the counties. The money cannot be used for the cost of health-care workers required to monitor early interventions, however. The new West Hollywood Clinic is developing a program of early intervention for the HIV-positive population that can later be offered at regional health centers as funds and staff become available. The Los Angeles County/USC Medical Center's new 20-bed AIDS wards, as attractive and up to date as any facility of its sort in the nation, is operating at capacity. Ground will be broken soon for a new out-patient AIDS clinic at County/USC that will double the capacity of existing facilities, alleviating the clinic over-crowding and shortening the waiting time that now runs as long as eight weeks. The critical new challenge now is to provide the early intervention services that are the key to extending the lives of HIV-infected persons. Development of these new procedures, according to Dr. Louis S. Sullivan, secretary of health and human services, represents a "significant milestone in the battle to change AIDS from a fatal disease to a treatable one." But the cost is high. Los Angeles County, with an estimated 112,000 persons with the HIV infection, expects the demand for county-provided early intervention to rise to 30,000, but now can serve only 2,000. And so it is in most other areas of the state and the nation. The prospect is indeed scary.

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UNCLE SAM NEEDS YOU . . . AND YOU . . . IN 1990 CENSUS

in federal tax dollars that trickle down for a variety of services, from freeway construction to school lunch programs. The county should also gain a new perspective of itself. Demographers predict the 1990 census will finally topple the long-held stereotype of Orange County as a homogeneous stronghold of well-heeled whites, depicting instead a region that includes a cosmopolitan mix of Latinos, Indochinese and others. Moreover, the Census Bureau will make a concerted attempt to count the homeless, providing Orange County its most complete reckoning to date of the poverty that exists amid the palm trees and BMWs. "This census will show that Orange County is a much more complex region than is often our image," said Mark Baldassare, a professor of social ecology at UC Irvine. "It will demonstrate that we're not just the home of middle-class families, but of a diverse population." Counting so varied a citizenry will not be easy. While most residents will dutifully fill out and mail back the questionnaires the Census Bureau dispatches the last week in March, demographers and other experts worry that illegal aliens and other immigrants fearful of the government may prove more elusive. Eager to avoid an undercount in the very communities that need federal assistance the most, census officials and city leaders have launched ambitious programs to promote participation in the survey. But even those best efforts could fall short. For example, some local officials predict that one of every five people in the county's burgeoning Asian community will not be counted. "Many Asians and Latinos have a traditional fear and distrust of government," noted Fernando Tafoya, a district manager in central Orange County for the Census Bureau. "Now we're asking them to step forward and provide information on their household. There's a natural hesitancy." For the vast majority of Orange County residents, however, the census will be little more than a short exercise with a black lead pencil, toting up family members and answering a few simple questions about where they live. Only one of six households will receive a longer version of the form, with 59 questions probing a wide range of topics. The answers that cascade into the Census Bureau after April 1, the deadline for mailing back the national survey, will have a broad impact on the lives of residents in Orange County and across the nation. For starters, the census will count the nation's population

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UNCLE SAM NEEDS YOU . . . AND YOU . . . IN 1990 CENSUS

census statistics on "blended" households that result when couples divorce and then form anew in subsequent marriages. But it will likely be the ethnic and racial shifts that garner the most attention, experts say. The Vietnamese community, barely a notch on the charts in 1980 with about 20,000 inhabitants in Orange County, could swell to more than 100,000 with the 1990 census, some experts predict. Latinos are expected to rise from 14.8% of the county's population in 1980 to about 20% in the coming count, with numbers in excess of 400,000. "With each census, there's a certain amount of remaking the image of a community, and Orange County is no different," said Ken Chew, a demographer at UC Irvine. "It may surprise some people." THE NEW CENSUS: Nine key changes for 1990. For most Orange County residents, the census form that will arrive in late March won't look very different from its 1980 predecessor. Just like last time, there are the questions on your home and who lives there. But there are also some modest changes since 1980. A few examples of what's new: FAMILY 1.New categories for stepson/stepdaughter and grandchild, providing new information on how families separate and form anew. 2. New category for unmarried partner, allowing researchers to count the number of cohabitating couples, both heterosexual and homosexual. HOUSING 3. Higher dollar figures for home prices. The top bracket in 1980 was "$200,000 or more." It increases to "$500,000 or more" in the 1990 form, reflecting the soaring price of housing. 4. Rents also went up in the 1980s, and the top rent category doubles from "$500 or more" in 1980 to "$1000 or more" in the 1990 census. 5. Condo fees make their first appearance. Will provide valuable information in Orange County, where one of five dwellings is a single-family attached home. EDUCATION 6. New form asks for the highest grade completed, not just the number of school years attended. It also wants to know about college degrees for the first time. HEALTH 7. A new question. Asks whether disabled have difficulty going outside the home alone or caring for themselves. Could cast the spotlight anew on the needs of the disabled in Orange County and across the country. COMMUTING 8. Cars and trucks-once individual categories-now lumped together. Category ended with "three or more vehicles" in 1980, but new version was expanded because of prolilferating muticar families.

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SWEATSHOP VICTIMS CITE HARASSMENT BY BOSSES; EMPLOYMENT: WORKERS SAY THEIR COOPERATION WITH A SEWING SHOP CRACKDOWN HAS GOTTEN THEM BLACKLISTED. THE ALLEGATIONS HAVE RESULTED IN ANOTHER INVESTIGATION.

bank lobby, and then sign a receipt saying they got the money," Otero said. "They (the employers) just told them it was a formality that had to be done and took advantage of the ignorance" of the employees, who were all recent immigrants from Mexico, she said. Otero said four workers surrendered to their bosses settlements ranging from $300 to almost $2,000. In addition to those four workers, three others have complained to the department that they have been refused work because they were known to have cooperated with a federal investigation of their former bosses. Worried that the fear of retaliation will silence other workers, Otero is threatening legal action against anyone who harasses a federal witness. "I don't think they understand how powerful the federal government is," Otero said. "Their refusal to admit that the law applies to them just baffles me. They're looking for any way around it at all." "It's outrageous," said Max Mont, a longtime labor watchdog who helped draft the last round of garment industry reform laws a decade ago. "It's an outright shakedown, not merely a labor law violation. It certainly will have the effect of discouraging any (further) reports of violations if they can intimidate workers out of their rights." Alice Callaghan, director of Las Familias del Pueblo, a community and legal aid center for workers in the Los Angeles garment district, said she had heard stories of Los Angeles garment workers being threatened when they tried to collect unpaid wages but had never heard of bosses trying to commandeer government-ordered checks. Callaghan said such alleged retaliation was "awful" but not particularly surprising. "Owners of factories will stoop to almost anything," she said. "Otherwise they wouldn't let people work 55 hours a week for $50 dollars, or let them work for a couple of weeks and then never pay them." Under the Fair Labor Standards Act of 1938, employers may not discriminate against or fire employees for cooperating with federal labor inspections, Otero said. Violators face a maximum fine of $10,000 and six months in jail. "I've just got to sit down with these subcontractors and explain to them what the law is and that when they are dealing with the federal government we're not going to slap somebody's wrist and go away," she added. Fueled by an influx of immigrant labor, about 400 such garment contracting shops have sprung up in

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QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS ON THE CENSUS

December 31, 1989, Sunday, Orange County Edition Maybe you haven't filled out a census form before, or the past decade has turned memories of the last one a bit foggy. Here are some common questions about the 1990 U.S. Census, and some answers: Q. When will I get the census form? How do I get one? A. Most people will get one via the U.S. Postal Service. The Census Bureau will mail questionnaires to more than 100-million households across the country on March 23. All you have to do is complete it with a pencil and mail it back by April 1, which is the official Census Day. Q. How long will it take to fill one out? A. The questionnaire comes in two forms. One of every six U.S. households will receive a copy of the "long form," which takes about 43 minutes to complete, according to census officials. But the rest will get the "short form," which takes an average of 14 minutes to fill out. Q. What if I don't get a form in the mail or lose it? A. Don't worry. Just call one of the bureau's local district offices (Orange County has four of them) and ask for a replacement. Q. Why is the government taking the census? A. The census is conducted at the start of each new decade to determine the nation's population so seats in Congress can be properly apportioned. The population counts are also used to divide $30 billion in federal money and even more from the states for a variety of government programs -- transportation improvements, social services, health care. Statistics derived from the census are used by academic researchers, business marketeers, civic planners and others for a variety of purposes. Q. What kinds of questions are on the census? A. The short form asks seven questions about you and your family -- including your sex, ethnic origin and race, age and marital status. It also has seven queries about your household, such as how much your home cost and how many rooms it has. The long form includes all those questions and more -- 59 in all. It asks about your home's plumbing and kitchen facilities, whether you have a telephone, how many cars you have, the cost of utilities, how much you pay for insurance. It also inquires about your schooling, job, income, how well you speak English,

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REVELERS OFFERED FREE, SAFE WAY HOME; HOLIDAY: NEW YEAR'S EVE DRINKERS HAVE AN ALTERNATIVE TO GETTING BEHIND THE WHEEL.

December 31, 1989, Sunday, Orange County Edition While New Year's Eve celebrators have been bombarded with messages urging them not to drink and drive, a quieter effort has been made to offer those who have been drinking a safe alternative to trying to swerve their way home. Two taxi companies, Mothers Against Drunk Driving, a hospital system, a beer distributor and a towing service are using their resources to offer drinkers free rides home. "We'll be able to handle anybody who calls," said Larry Slagle, president of the Yellow Cab in North Orange County, one of two taxi companies offering free rides home in cooperation with MADD, CareUnit and Straub Distribution Co. "We won't take you to another establishment, but we'll take you home." Further, midnight will usher in not only the New Year but also a new state law that lowers the blood-alcohol level for drunk driving from 0.10 to 0.08. That means that many people who were legally considered sober enough to drive after a few drinks earlier in the evening may not be after midnight, and may need a ride home. Even people whose blood-alcohol level is below the legal limit may be affected by their drinking, with altered judgment and slowed reflexes posing a danger to themselves and others on the road, authorities say. Anyone who does not want to drive home is welcome to use the services, sponsors of the free ride programs said. "All we want is to make sure they don't have an accident on the way home," Slagle said. CareCab and Taxi Time are the only free taxi services that have publicized their efforts among bars, nightclubs and police stations countywide. They will offer a combined force of about 300 cabs for free rides home. Both services will take would-be drivers home or to a residence -- provided there is no party in progress -- within 20 miles for free, but for longer drives, riders will have to pay the difference. CareCab, the 10th annual program co-sponsored by MADD and CareUnit Hospitals, will operate from 7 p.m. to 3 a.m., every night from today to Jan. 2 and can be reached from anywhere in the county at (800) 422-4143. Taxi Time, which is underwritten by Yellow Cab of North Orange County and Coast Yellow Cab, and publicized by Straub Distributing Co., runs 6 p.m. to 2 a.m. until Jan. 2. Calls to

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REVELERS OFFERED FREE, SAFE WAY HOME; HOLIDAY: NEW YEAR'S EVE DRINKERS HAVE AN ALTERNATIVE TO GETTING BEHIND THE WHEEL.

(714) 535-2211 or (714) 546-1311 must be placed by an employee of a bar or restaurant. The Laguna Beach Police Department is also operating a taxi service, called Tipsy Taxi, which is not free and is available only to city residents by calling (714) 494-1121. Slagle said that representatives from Straub distributed information about Taxi Time to area bars and restaurants to encourage employees to watch patrons and offer the service if they believe it is necessary. Organizers of several large public New Year's Eve parties throughout the county have not planned safe-ride programs of their own and expect to direct patrons to CareCab and Taxi Time. For example, the Irvine Hilton and Towers boasts a nearly sold-out New Year's Eve celebration in all its dinner, dancing and party rooms but has nothing particular planned for the number of potential drunk drivers resulting from the festivities. "Not all these people will be staying here in the hotel," so party-goers will be referred to the free services, said Jim Martinez, a bellman at the hotel. As another alternative for North County residents, Tri-Star Towing is offering five of its rigs for free tow services and rides home for residents living in or near Fullerton, Brea, Placentia and Yorba Linda. Owner Glenn Gorman said drivers should call (714) 771-7111 if they need a free tow. "All they have to do is call," he said. "We'll deliver them and their car to a safe place. . . . If you were going to drink and drive, there is an alternative." Law enforcement agencies will be out in full force tonight, with many city police employing extra officers for teams whose sole responsibility is to scout out people driving under the influence of alcohol. In addition, the Anaheim police will set up sobriety checkpoints throughout the city. And the California Highway Patrol reminds drivers that they may be responsible for the cost of emergency roadside care -- such as a response by paramedics -- because state law allows emergency response agencies to bill drunk drivers for services. All of those beefed-up law enforcement programs for New Year's Eve come on top of the everyday monetary incentive to keep drivers off the roads if they have been drinking -- namely, a potential $1,000 fine for first-time offenders, said Joe David of the CHP. "We'll be looking for them," said Lt. John Foster of the Huntington

LA123190-0007_0

STATE INSURANCE CLAIMS, REFORM

December 31, 1990, Monday, Home Edition It is very hard to understand why The Times would give so much space to the insurance industry's biased reports on auto accident injury claims ("State Leads Nation in Filing Injury Claims for Auto Accidents," Dec. 19). The reports were commissioned by major insurance carriers with no input from consumer groups. It is obvious that the numbers are skewed to favor the insurance industry's position. Even in his own story Kenneth Reich points out that injury claims in no-fault states are counted differently than they are in liability states, such as California. Consequently, there may be even more claims in no-fault states, but only those injury claims over a certain dollar threshold are counted. In California, all claims paid are counted, no matter how small the dollar amount. The California Trial Lawyers Assn. has always been an advocate of strict standards regarding fraudulent accident claims. In fact, last year we supported Assembly Bill 2315, which would have weeded out fraudulent claims. In 1991 we will again sponsor legislation to curb phony claims filed by individuals or attorneys. Every year the insurance industry seems to gift-wrap some new set of statistics it has devised to help bolster its ongoing crusade for no-fault auto insurance. Given the industry's long history of manipulating numbers, including rate setting, the report's conclusions shouldn't prove to difficult to debunk once unbiased research delves into them. LEONARD ESQUINA JR., Executive Director, California Trial Lawyers Assn., Sacramento

LA123190-0010_0

MORNING REPORT: POP/ROCK

December 31, 1990, Monday, Home Edition Clash in Chicago: Police and anti-war protesters clashed outside a Public Enemy rap concert in Chicago early Sunday, resulting in 18 arrests. Police reported that people ran across the street once the concert had ended, set up an anti-war banner and began yelling and throwing objects. Police said they asked the group to disperse but that protesters refused. Concertgoers had a different story. Witnesses said that police aggressively pulled down the banner and began arresting the protesters. A formal complaint about police handling of the incident has been filed. BETH KLEID

LA123190-0039_3

SHERIDAN TAKES A HARD LOOK AT IRISH 'TROUBLES'; DIRECTOR: HIS NEW FILM RECALLS THE POTATO FAMINE AND LOOKS AT NORTHERN IRELAND, IRISH-AMERICANS AND THE CATHOLIC CHURCH.

so upset about an external thing.' "People in Ireland want the conflict to end," he said, landing on the last word with all the force he can muster. "They just want it to be over." Sheridan anticipated the wrath of Irish-Americans, who in the film are dismissed as weak for having fled the famines and resented for returning rich enough to buy the land out from under those why stayed. Berenger, who plays the American son of an Irish emigrant, returns out of "Roots" nostalgia at best, and parking-lot progress and economic pillage, at worst. Said Sheridan, "I thought we might have a trouble with them. But it hasn't been like that." Sheridan was also leery of the response by the Catholic Church, shown in the film as susceptible to the friendly persuasion of money. "The funny thing is that there's been no controversy. Not one word," he said, but recalled the day he froze when a nun rang him from the Catholic News Agency. "Oh now, I'm in trouble," he thought, "but she was devastated by the film and didn't see an anti-Church thing in it. That surprised me." "The Field" 's American run is a worry to its director. Currently in limited run, it's playing at only one Los Angeles-area theater, the Music Hall in Beverly Hills. At $6.5 million to produce, it strains for the record books as Ireland's costliest indigenous feature. "If it's not commercially successful," he fears, "it'll be very difficult to make a film over $2 million to $3 million in Ireland." Can Ireland absorb more than the cost of a film's production, but the impact of its art? "The Irish attitude to any form that they work in, whether novels or plays and films, is to ask," Sheridan said, "how do we destroy this form? How do we end it so nobody else can write? How do we take this authority, this structure, and push it so far that there is no basis left for it? "You always have that feeling in Joyce or Beckett that they're trying to end the form they're working in. To Sheridan, film is stringing together bands of time, and dialogue "is utterly irrelevant. Not that it's unimportant, but it's like somebody on an escalator going the wrong way." The problem in making a film he said, "is to get rid of the literature without becoming a barbarian."

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LONG-TERM STATE CITRUS DAMAGE SEEN; AGRICULTURE: YOUNG TREES ARE DYING FROM FREEZING WEATHER. SOME FARMERS GIVE UP ON THIS YEAR'S FRUIT PRODUCTION.

December 31, 1990, Monday, Home Edition The cold snap that already has devastated this year's citrus crop could also dramatically curtail the number of lemons, oranges and avocados produced next year, farmers and agricultural officials said Sunday. Some farmers expect their citrus production to be half of normal next year because the cold weather is killing young orange and lemon trees and ravaging new growth on older trees. Avocado production in Tulare County is likely to be wiped out for 1991, said county agricultural commissioner Lenord Craft. Tulare farms about 11,000 acres of avocados, which are a $3-million crop annually. "We are looking at not even having an avocado crop in Tulare next year," Craft said. Farmers interviewed Sunday said they were no longer trying to save this year's fruit. What was still on the trees -- for navel oranges, about 80% of the crop -- is nearly all lost, farmers said. "I didn't pick an orange," said Keith Nilmeier, a Fresno citrus grower. "We gave up on our field." Farmers said they were concentrating on saving their trees. If the trees die in great numbers, it could have a long-range impact on the state's fruit production and its economy. California produces about half the nation's fruit and vegetables, supporting a $17.5-billion industry. The economic toll of the recent freeze is expected to top $1 billion. Oranges and lemons worth hundreds of millions of dollars have been destroyed. Acre upon acre of broccoli, artichokes and celery are lost. About 15,000 Northern California farm workers are expected to lose their jobs, and innumerable others are losing business in a wide array of related industries such as trucking and shipping. The impact in future years should be considerably less. But if fruit production is substantially curtailed in 1991, it will mean fewer jobs for pickers, packers, truckers, crate manufacturers and many others. The biggest long-range concern is the health of citrus and avocado trees, farmers said. It takes up to five years to bring new trees into full fruit production, therefore lost trees set farmers back significantly. At this point, farmers have no way of knowing how many trees will die. Most believe that they will not be able to tally their losses until spring. Many already have seen bark splitting and cracking, which means that the new growth -- which supports next year's crop -- is in jeopardy. "We have some

LA123190-0042_0

CALIFORNIA LAWS '91

December 31, 1990, Monday, Home Edition Correction Appended There's good news for Californians who are concerned about increased air pollution from smoky cars, trucks and buses or those griping about the aerial spraying of malathion. There's bad news for convicted highway litterbugs and companies that sell telephone fax numbers to merchants and advertisers without the owner's permission. Taking effect Tuesday are many of the 1,696 bills passed by the Legislature and signed into law by Gov. George Deukmejian during 1990. Others took effect immediately after being signed. Here's a sampling: TRANSPORTATION Reckless Driving -- Those convicted of speeding and reckless driving who also are found to be under the influence of alcohol or drugs face additional 60-day jail terms. (AB 3289 by Assemblyman Terry B. Friedman, D-Los Angeles.) Motorcycles -- People under 21 must satisfactorily complete a motorcycle safety training course before obtaining a license to drive one. (AB 55 by Assemblywoman Bev Hansen, R-Santa Rosa.) Driver's Licenses -- Those convicted of making and selling phony driver's licenses face stiffer fines and longer jail terms. (AB 2718 by Assemblyman Gerald N. Felando, R-San Pedro.) Exhaust Fumes -- Fines are increased for smoky trucks, buses and automobiles that spew excessive visible exhaust fumes into the atmosphere. (AB 911 by Assemblyman Richard Katz, D-Sylmar.) More Exhaust Fumes -- Diesel truck and bus exhaust fumes will have to be discharged overhead instead of at street level, starting Jan. 1, 1993. (AB 3097 by Assemblyman Tim Leslie, R-Carmichael.) High-Speed Rail -- The state will study the feasibility of building a high-speed rail network that would link Los Angeles, Orange, San Diego, Riverside and San Bernardino counties. (SB 1307 by former Sen. John Garamendi, D-Walnut Grove.) Night Train -- Caltrans must negotiate with Amtrak to speed up the establishment of overnight rail service from Los Angeles to Sacramento via San Francisco. (AB 3671 by Assemblywoman Delaine Eastin, D-Union City.) Litter -- In addition to mandatory fines, those convicted of littering are required to serve 8 to 24 hours picking up litter or cleaning graffiti. (AB 4229 by Assemblyman Charles W. Quackenbush, R-Saratoga.) CONSUMERS Credit Cards -- Merchants are prohibited from requiring customers' home addresses or telephone numbers on the front of credit card slips. This information is sometimes sold to other firms. (AB 2920 by Assemblyman Rusty Areias, D-Los Banos.) Credit ID -- Merchants are prohibited from requiring customers to present a credit card for

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CALIFORNIA LAWS '91

before the purchase of handguns is extended to the purchase of rifles and shotguns. (AB 497 by Assemblyman Lloyd G. Connelly, D-Sacramento.) Semiautomatic Weapons -- The manufacture, sale or possession of devices that allow semiautomatic weapons to fire several bullets with one pull of the trigger is prohibited. (AB 376 by Assemblyman Johan Klehs, D-Castro Valley.) Stalking -- A new crime is established, called stalking, for those who maliciously follow or disturb the peace of another person with the intent of instilling fear of death or serious injury. (SB 2184 by Sen. Edward R. Royce, R-Anaheim.) Early Parole -- Work time and good behavior credits that could lead to early parole will be denied for three-time convicted violent offenders. (SB 1720 by Sen. Robert Presley, D-Riverside.) Parole Hearings -- The interval between parole hearings for murderers given life sentences, such as Charles Manson, is increased from three to five years. The intent is to reduce the emotional strain on survivors of victims who regularly appear to oppose early release. (SB 2516 by Sen. Robert Presley, D-Riverside.) Domestic Violence -- Firearm sales are prohibited to people who are under court restraining orders for incidents of domestic violence. (AB 1753 by Assemblyman Terry B. Friedman, D-Los Angeles.) False Reports -- Penalties are stiffened for police officers who file false reports with their superior officers. The law was passed after Mark Dickey, a white Long Beach police officer, was shown on video tape pushing Don Jackson, a black activist, through a plate glass window and was charged with reporting the incident inaccurately. (SB 2681 by Sen. Daniel E. Boatwright, D-Concord.) Automatic Tellers -- Banks are required to provide adequate lighting and other safety features for automatic teller machines as a deterrent to crime. (AB 244 by Sen. Charles M. Calderon, D-Whittier.) Judges -- People convicted of using an explosive device or arson fire to terrorize a judge face tougher prison sentences. (SB 2023 by Sen. Gary K. Hart, D-Santa Barbara.) Police Scholarships -- A state study will consider the establishment of a college scholarship program as a way to encourage recruitment of police officers. (AB 1720 by Assemblyman Tom Hayden, D-Santa Monica.) Religious Services -- Those convicted of disturbing a religious service face mandatory community service in addition to existing fines and jail time. (SB 2483 by Sen. Newton R. Russell, R-Glendale.) Cordless Telephones -- It becomes a crime to intentionally intercept calls

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CALIFORNIA LAWS '91

Assemblyman Curtis Tucker Jr., D-Inglewood.) MISCELLANEOUS Drunken Boating -- In conformity with laws for motor vehicle operators, adult boaters whose blood shows an alcohol level of 0.08% or minors who test at 0.05% are presumbed to be under the influence of alcohol. Previously the adult level was 0.10% for drunken boating. (SB 1808 by Sen. Bill Leonard, R-Big Bear.) Fire Safety -- Cities and counties may enact fire safety building ordinances that are stricter than state standards. (SB 1830 by Sen. Cecil N. Green, D-Norwalk.) Check Cashing -- Service centers that cash checks are required to post in plain view a schedule of the fees they charge. (AB 3096 by Assemblyman Elihu M. Harris D-Oakland.) Los Angeles River -- The state will study the feasibility of developing the Los Angeles River floodway as a park and recreation area. (SB 1920 by Sen. Art Torres D-Los Angeles.) AIDS -- The state Department of Health Services will conduct a detailed study of the effectiveness of AIDS-related programs in helping substance abusers, members of racial or ethnic minority groups and women. (AB 4248 by Assembly Speaker Willie Brown Jr., D-San Francisco.) Puppies -- To curb the sale of unhealthy animals, pet shops are required to inform puppy purchasers of a dog's past veterinary treatment record. (AB 4300 by Assemblyman Sam Farr, D-Carmel.) Cranes -- Twice-a-year inspections of tower cranes will be conducted by the state. This law is the response to a San Francisco high-rise crane accident that killed five people and injured 21 others. (AB 3826 by Assemblyman Tom Hayden, D-Santa Monica.) New State Boards -- Proponents of new state boards or commissions must prove to the state Legislature that the boards are needed and that an existing body cannot assume the same duties. (AB 2572 by Assemblywoman Delaine Eastin, D-Union City.) Charity -- It will be easier to prosecute fraudulent charitable solicitation schemes because of the elimination of a requirement for two witnesses or proof in writing. (AB 2702 by Assemblyman Gerald R. Eaves, D-Rialto.) Lottery -- The state Lottery Commission will develop a model agreement for dividing big prizes among group members who purchase a winning ticket. (AB 2847 by Assemblyman Richard E. Floyd, D-Carson.) Area Codes -- Telephone companies are required to provide advance notice and hold public hearings before establishing new area codes. (AB 2889 by Assemblywoman Gwen Moore, D-Los Angeles.) Trade Secrets -- Barring overriding public interest

LA123190-0043_0

RIOT FEAR CANCELS CONCERT BY 'BAD RELIGION' BAND

December 31, 1990, Monday, Home Edition One day after a crowd of violent concert-goers trashed a North Hollywood theater and damaged neighboring storefronts, promoters of the popular punk rock band Bad Religion canceled a Sunday performance in West Hollywood. Organizers of the canceled concert at the Whisky said they feared a repeat of the Saturday night melee that erupted at the Classic Theater on Lankershim Boulevard when the band's concert was halted because the auditorium was overcrowded. More than 300 angry fans pulled out chairs bolted to the floor and smashed windows outside after they were ordered to leave by fire officials. Two police officers and several people in the crowd suffered minor injuries. Four people were arrested on suspicion of vandalism. The Classic Theater owners, who could not be reached Sunday, were cited for overcrowding and improper use of the facility, which fire officials said is not licensed for live entertainment. Police estimated damage to the theater and surrounding businesses, where windows were smashed, at $20,000. Rick Van Santen, a spokesman for Goldenvoice Productions, which organized Saturday's show, said Sunday's concert was postponed just hours before it was to begin because of fears the rioters would return. He said tickets for both weekend shows will be honored at a performance Feb. 1 at the Hollywood Palladium. "We felt it was too risky," he said. "This way, it's safer for everyone." The riot Saturday broke out shortly after 8:30 p.m. Firefighters passing the theater at 5269 Lankershim Blvd. noticed crowds outside. Because the auditorium, which dates back at least to the 1930s, was recently reopened after nearly a year of darkness, the firefighters reported the activity to their supervisor. When a fire inspector arrived at the theater, he saw fans standing on chairs and crowding the aisles, Assistant Bureau Cmdr. Tony Ennis said. The theater is permitted to seat 1,261, Ennis said. Fire officials said they counted about 1,860 concert-goers. Van Santen said the theater has a capacity of about 1,400 and that 1,321 tickets were sold. He disputed the count by fire officials, but said concert organizers had to abide by the order to shut down the show. After an opening act and before Bad Religion took the stage, a concert manager announced that the performance was over. The angry crowd began to file out of the auditorium chanting "start the revolution" and cursing police and fire officials, according

LA123190-0047_0

IN BRIEF: SCIENCE / MEDICINE; CLOTTING SUBSTANCE COPIED

December 31, 1990, Monday, Home Edition Doctors report that a new drug designed to help make blood clot in people with hemophilia is safe and effective. The drug is supposed to be an exact copy of the natural clotting substance known as factor VIII. It was developed through genetic engineering techniques by Cutter Biological in Berkeley. In tests on 107 people with hemophilia, the researchers concluded that the genetically engineered version of factor VIII "is safe and clinically effective for the prevention and treatment" of bleeding caused by hemophilia. Human tests of the genetically engineered factor VIII began in June, 1988, according to the researchers involved in the new study. The findings, reported in the New England Journal of Medicine, mean that hemophiliacs may someday be able to use the new drug to stop their bleeding without the risk of developing AIDS or other potentially deadly diseases associated with conventional treatment. The group, led by Dr. Richard S. Schwartz of Cutter, found that the engineered form of factor VIII stayed in the body just as long, if not longer, than the factor VIII extracted from donated blood.

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IN BRIEF: SCIENCE / MEDICINE; TOOTHPASTE LINKED TO ASTHMA

December 31, 1990, Monday, Home Edition Asthma sufferers who find themselves wheezing and coughing might look to their toothpaste as a possible cause of their problems, two doctors said last week. An artificial mint flavoring found in a brand of toothpaste made from an opaque paste instead of a gel apparently triggered breathing problems in a 21-year-old woman with a history of asthma, according to a letter published in the New England Journal of Medicine. Then, she switched toothpastes. She had been using Crest Tartar Control toothpaste, "but when she switched to a gel-based toothpaste her wheezing resolved dramatically," wrote Drs. Bruce Spurlock and Thomas Dailey of Kaiser Permanente Medical Center in Santa Clara, Calif. When the woman subsequently used any paste-based toothpaste, she started wheezing again within 10 minutes, they said. Terry Glover, spokeswoman for Procter and Gamble Co., the maker of Crest, said she was unaware of any other cases in which toothpaste apparently induced asthma symptoms.

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COUNTING OUT MOST OF THE YEAR'S TOP RECORDS; POP MUSIC: NO MORE THAN FOUR OF 1990'S NO. 1 SONGS WILL BE CONSIDERED SIGNIFICANT A DECADE FROM NOW. HERE ARE SOME THAT MIGHT.

make a record quite as ear-catching as this. * Ice Cube's "Who's the Mack" (Priority) -- M.C. Hammer and Vanilla Ice may have brought rap to the mainstream during 1990, but the artistic pulse of the music remains in the hard-core artists, including Los Angeles' Ice Cube. The language is still too blunt for radio, but the theme -- about less obvious ways to hustle -- is less brutally combative than most of Ice Cube's recordings. * Tony! Toni! Tone!'s "The Blues" (Wing) -- This Oakland outfit mixes traditional and modern R&B currents with invention and humor. * C+C Music Factory's "Gonna Make You Sweat" (Columbia) -- Splendid dance record with a clever mix of rap and frenzied, gospel-edged vocal outbursts. * Concrete Blonde's "Joey" (I.R.S.) -- The drama and passion of old Phil Spector hits mixed with contemporary rock anxiety. Now, the official New Year's Eve countdown: 10. Garth Brooks' "Friends in Low Places" (Capitol) -- A rowdy, good-natured underdog tale by the man who is at the forefront of country music's return to classic blue-collar themes and honky-tonk musical character. 9. Neneh Cherry's "I've Got You Under My Skin" (Chrysalis) -- A bold reworking of the Cole Porter standard in which a hip-hop beat heightens the drama and punch of Cherry's AIDS awareness message. 8. Deee-Lite's "Groove Is in the Heart" (Elektra) -- Irresistible dance-floor spunk from a concept-conscious New York trio. 7 -- Jane's Addiction's "Stop" (Warner Bros.) -- More than anything else on record by this hard-rocking Los Angeles band, "Stop" reflects the almost intoxicating energy surge that the group offers in its best moments on stage. 6. The Jesus and Mary Chain's "Head On" (Warner Bros.) -- Something to play whenever someone says that rock 'n' roll has lost its power and heart. 5. Faith No More's "Epic" (Slash/Reprise) -- One of the most radical rock records in ages: a blend of rap, metal and punk that that is a marvelous update of the Rolling Stones' "Satisfaction." 4. Don Henley's "The Heart of the Matter" (Geffen) -- The former Eagles co-leader's best songs continue reflect on personal relationships in ways that also seem to define the times. Sample lines: These times are so uncertain / There's a yearning undefined / . . . people filed with rage . . . / How can love survive in such a graceless age? 3. Madonna's Vogue (Sire) --

LA123190-0059_4

BRITAIN'S 'GONG SHOW' IS BOTH PRAISED, DAMNED; AWARDS: THE ESTABLISHMENT LOVES THE HONORS SYSTEM. CRITICS ARGUE THEY ARE RANK POLITICAL PATRONAGE.

"I didn't think there was a BE any longer." The Most Distinguished Order of St. Michael and St. George is generally reserved for foreign service officers. The degrees are referred to around the Foreign Office, in ascending order, as CMG (Call Me God); KCMG (Kindly Call Me God); GCMG (God Calls Me God). The top order of knighthood is The Most Noble Order of the Garter, founded in 1348, whose 24 members are personally selected by the queen, and include former Labor Prime Ministers Harold Wilson and James Callaghan. One gruff old duffer who was a friend of the Royal Family, on being named a KG, reportedly remarked: "What I like about it is there's no bloody nonsense about merit." Most recipient of honors receive them personally from the queen in an investiture ceremony at Buckingham Palace that may come several weeks after the announcement, depending on the numbers of the awards and her schedule. Though egalitarian critics may deplore it, the honors system follows a hallowed British tradition: The aristocracy itself is based on the fact that monarchs have always rewarded favorites -- competent or not -- with titles, lands and privileges. In fact, the custom of awarding knighthoods can be traced back to the 9th Century under King Albert the Great. On inheriting the crown in 1603, James VI of Scotland created 906 knights within four months, dubbing 46 before breakfast on one morning alone. Earlier this century, Prime Minister David Lloyd George openly sold honors as a way of raising funds for his Liberal Party. His bagman, Maundy Gregory, flagrantly listed the going rate for peerages at 100,000 pounds, then about $500,000; baronetcies (heredity knighthoods) at 30,000 pounds, and knighthoods at 10,000 pounds. The resulting uproar led King George V to declare Lloyd George's freewheeling style with honors an insult to the monarchy, and a Political Honors Scrutiny Committee was set up to evaluate submissions. The Labor governments also did not award heredity peerages but created only barons for life; the title does not pass through the male line as is customary for lords. Peers sit in the House of Lords and range from dukes, through marquesses, earls, viscounts and barons. Sir Winston Churchill, KG, was reportedly offered a dukedom but declined in order to sit in his beloved House of Commons. Thatcher restored the practice of granting honors for political service to faithful Tory party retainers

LA123190-0065_0

OFFICERS VIEW GANG THREATS AS PART OF JOB; CRIME: POLICE IN VAN NUYS REACT WITH CONCERN AND COOL INDIFFERENCE AFTER RECEIVING WARNINGS OF DEADLY RETALIATION OVER A CRACKDOWN ON DRUGS.

December 31, 1990, Monday, Valley Edition While three alleged members of a Van Nuys gang remained in custody Sunday, arrested in a plot to kill police on New Year's Eve, officers at the community's police station said such threats are just part of what it means to wear a badge. "It's a concern, but it comes with the job," a front desk officer flatly said. "At least in this case we're getting warned." The warnings came in threatening phone calls and in flyers, posted near the Los Angeles Police Department's Van Nuys station, which promised deadly retaliation against officers for cracking down on drug sales along the 14100 and 14600 blocks of Calvert Street, described by police as lucrative locations for dope-dealing gang members. According to detectives, one flyer read: "Police have been screwing with our drug sales. So we're going to screw with the police and kill two or three of them." Officers at the Van Nuys station reacted to the threat with a mixture of concern and cool indifference. "No one's losing sleep over it. Just something to consider, that's all," said Officer Randy Holcombe of the Van Nuys station. Besides, officers sometimes hear of death threats and plots on the street, he said. They see graffiti threatening police officers. "There's so much talk of that," he said. Still, authorities took the threats seriously enough to issue a special bulletin Dec. 9 calling for extra caution among officers patrolling the Van Nuys area. Police declined to name the gang but said it has operated in the area for decades. The bulletin advised officers to be cautious but did not call for changes in operations or tactics, police said. "They'd be winning if we changed the way we do things," Holcombe said. Officers already follow procedures designed for their safety, authorities said. The bulletin basically reminded officers to observe those procedures. One officer said the bulletin echoed warnings from his days at the police academy. "Keep your head on a swivel," he said, demonstrating by looking left and right. "Watch your back." Still, the threat has to be kept in perspective, said Sgt. G. Tam of Van Nuys. "There's always a concern, but it's not something we're dwelling on," he said. Supervisors will continue to brief officers on the threat during roll calls for a few days. After that, "it's business as usual," he said. Police said information concerning

LA123190-0072_1

MORNING BRIEFING: PERHAPS SOME BOXING TIPS ARE IN ORDER

A.F. (Bud) Dudley said: "That is an area we might put emphasis on in the next two months. It seems to be the thing of the future." The Fun Bowl: The Seattle Times has been publishing "Husky Diary." Each day, a Washington player shares something that impressed him during the previous 24 hours of his Rose Bowl experience. Wide receiver Curtis Gaspard liked the time UW and Iowa players visited a medieval theme restaurant. Said Gaspard: "We went through this one door and into what was like a big auditorium, or something. It was like a big feast. And as we ate there was this entertainment. . . . "And it was a competitive thing because there was a horse and a knight representing each section. You cheered for 'your' knight. "So that was real good." A month?: In 1990, whenever Raghib (Rocket) Ismail was available for an entire game, Notre Dame was undefeated. The Irish's two losses came when Ismail's thigh injury limited him to one play against Stanford and one half against Penn State. Coach Lou Holtz said last week: "When you don't have Rocket Ismail, it hurts you. It's like 'Phantom of the Opera' wouldn't be the same without that actor. . . . I wish I could remember his name." Holtz added: "I took my wife to see 'Phantom of the Opera' and she wouldn't look at me for a month unless I wore a mask." Smart mom: Tennessee Coach Johnny Majors was second in the 1956 Heisman Trophy voting as the Volunteers' star tailback, but in their 1957 Sugar Bowl loss to Baylor, Majors fumbled a punt at his team's 15-yard line, leading to the Bears' winning touchdown. Earlier, Majors' roommate, Bruce Burnham, was kicked in the head and went into convulsions. In the locker room after the game, the team learned Burnham was OK. Majors recalled that the first thing his mother asked about was Burnham's condition. What was her opinion of her son's performance? Said Majors: "She was a teacher and had eight kids, so she cooked a lot. A reporter asked her about my fumble, and she said, 'Even I burn the biscuits on occasion.' " Trivia answer: World chess champion Gary Kasparov, who successfully defended his title against Anatoly Karpov in a two-month series that is expected to end this week. Quotebook: Colorado punter Tom Rouen, on how he would react

LA123190-0075_0

BOWL UPDATE; CITRUS; HE HAS FELT PERSIAN GULF STRIFE UP CLOSE

December 31, 1990, Monday, Home Edition Darryl Jenkins, a second team all-Atlantic Coast Conference tackle from Georgia Tech, has been especially interested in the situation in the Persian Gulf. His summer job moving boxes for a freight company found him working outside the fences that surround Ft. McPherson, Ga., where troops were being shipped to the Middle East. "You see a lot of families out there waving goodby to their fathers," Jenkins said. "While I never got to know my father, it struck me that they may never get to know theirs." Larry Jenkins, Darryl's father, was killed in Vietnam shortly before Darryl's first birthday. Darryl's cousin, Michael, is currently in the Middle East. "He said he wasn't going to be over there for a month, but I think, you know, he's probably going to be other there a while longer," Jenkins told the Atlanta Journal and Constitution. Darryl is 23, two years older than his father when he died. "It makes you think," Darryl said. When Colorado scored 27 points in the fourth quarter to beat Nebraska, 27-12, the game had a profound effect on the Cornhuskers for the remaining two games. "After the game we were very, very quiet," said linebacker Pat Tyrance. "As much as you'd like to put it behind you, it's really tough to do. It carried over to our next two games." The second of those games was a 45-10 loss to Oklahoma. "I don't think I have ever seen the mood that low (in Lincoln, Neb.)," Tyrance said. "We set a lot of goals for our team and had high expectations. The last game of the season was really disappointing. It's tough." Nebraska finished the regular season 9-2. Georgia Tech is 10-0-1. JOHN CHERWA

LA123190-0091_0

VAN TOUCHES OFF WILD CHASE AT CHECKPOINT

December 31, 1990, Monday, Orange County Edition A van apparently smuggling illegal immigrants from Mexico bolted the Border Patrol checkpoint near San Clemente Sunday and led lawmen on a 40-minute chase through Orange County, sometimes against oncoming freeway traffic. The fleeing driver, identified only as a Mexican citizen, drove into oncoming lanes of the San Diego Freeway in Irvine and the Costa Mesa Freeway in Tustin but was stopped on the Santa Ana Freeway here before anyone was hurt, police said. "It never really got up to high speeds," Tustin Police Sgt. Brent Zicarelli said. Officers said the van's seven occupants fled, but the driver and two of his passengers were apprehended and turned over to the Border Patrol. The van, which stopped at the checkpoint at 6:10 a.m., sped off when Border Patrol officers approached it, a spokesman said. Border Patrol officers pursued the van up Interstate 5 and onto the San Diego Freeway in Irvine, until the van crossed the bare-earth median strip near Jamboree Road into southbound traffic. Agents then broke off the chase as being too dangerous, a spokesman said. Local police had been alerted, however, and a Tustin officer spotted and pulled over the van at McFadden and Pasadena avenues just east of the Costa Mesa Freeway. But when he approached the van, it sped off, setting off another chase along surface streets and freeway lanes. Zicarelli said the officer saw the van turn onto a Costa Mesa Freeway off-ramp and head north in the southbound lanes. "If a pursuit becomes too wild, we'll take a license plate and description and discontinue the pursuit," Zicarelli said. But the van was not speeding, and the officer followed, staying to the shoulder with lights and siren on to warn oncoming motorists, he said. The van got off at the next on-ramp. The van eventually stopped at 6:40 a.m. on the southbound Santa Ana Freeway near the Costa Mesa Freeway, and the occupants ran off, Zicarelli said. "It was Sunday morning, and there was not a lot of traffic," he said. "If it had been 6:30 Monday, we'd have lost him or broken off the pursuit or someone could have gotten hurt."

LA123190-0100_0

ORANGE COUNTY FOCUS: COUNTYWIDE; GROUPS GET $70,000 FROM UNITED WAY

December 31, 1990, Monday, Orange County Edition United Way of Orange County has made a grant of more than $70,000 to 10 social service agencies. Programs benefiting from the onetime grant include: * Assessment Treatment and Service Center, which received $5,785 to provide counseling for grandparents who are raising their grandchildren. * Coalition for Children, Adolescents and Parents, which received $10,000 to provide parenting education for low-literacy Spanish-, Cambodian- and English-speaking adults and youths. * La Habra Community Resources Council, which received $9,750 to provide counseling and assistance to families at risk of homelessness. * Orange County Sexual Assault Network, which was granted $7,747 to produce a booklet and video on date-rape prevention for junior high students. * Salvation Army Anaheim Corp., which received $10,000 to provide rental assistance for male alcoholics who have completed an adult rehabilitation program. * Santa Ana/Tustin YMCA, which received $5,000 to begin a bilingual tutorial program using middle school and senior citizen volunteers to promote education and personal values for elementary-school children. * Short Statured Foundation, which was awarded $5,000 to establish an information and referral service for families of short-statured or dwarfed people. * South Coast Institute for Applied Gerontology, which received $5,750 to produce a Spanish, English and sign language video to provide information on Alzheimer's disease and other related dementia disorders. * South Coast Literacy Council, which was granted $1,000 to provide library books for adults studying English as a second language. * Catholic Charities, which received $10,000 to provide support groups for Latino women dealing with alcoholic family members.