THE BHARATIYA NYAYA SANHITA, 2023
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⌀ | Comparative Table of IPC and Bharatiya Nyaya Sanhita, 2023
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any law in force for the time being by which offences are defined or punished; or | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | null |
(b) Where several acts, of which one or more than one would by itself or themselves | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | null |
Limit of | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | null |
punishment ofoffence madeup of severaloffences.5 | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | null |
10 | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | null |
15 | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | null |
20 | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | null |
25 | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | null |
30 | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | null |
35 | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | null |
40 | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | null |
4510 | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | null |
constitute an offence, constitute, when combined, a different offence, | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | null |
the offender shall not be punished with a more severe punishment than the Court which tries | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | null |
him could award for any one of such offences. | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | null |
Illustration s. | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | null |
(a) A gives Z fifty strokes with a stick. Here A may have committed the offence of | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | null |
voluntarily causing hurt to Z by the whole beating, and also by each of the blows whichmake up the whole beating. If A were liable to punishment for every blow, he might beimprisoned for fifty years, one for each blow. But he is liable only to one punishment for thewhole beating. | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | null |
(b) But, if, while A is beating Z, Y interferes, and A intentionally strikes Y, here, as the | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | null |
blow given to Y is no part of the act whereby A voluntarily causes hurt to Z, A is liable to onepunishment for voluntarily causing hurt to Z, and to another for the blow given to Y . | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | null |
10. In all cases in which judgment is given that a person is guilty of one of several | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | null |
offences specified in the judgment, but that it is doubtful of which of these offences he isguilty, the offender shall be punished for the offence for which the lowest punishment isprovided if the same punishment is not provided for all. | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | null |
11. Whenever any person is convicted of an offence for which under this Sanhita the | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | null |
Court has power to sentence him to rigorous imprisonment, the Court may, by its sentence,order that the offender shall be kept in solitary confinement for any portion or portions of theimprisonment to which he is sentenced, not exceeding three months in the whole, accordingto the following scale, namely: — | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | null |
(a) a time not exceeding one month if the term of imprisonment shall not exceed | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | null |
six months; | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | null |
(b) a time not exceeding two months if the term of imprisonment shall exceed six | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | null |
months and shall not exceed one year; | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | null |
(c) a time not exceeding three months if the term of imprisonment shall exceed | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | null |
one year. | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | null |
12. In executing a sentence of solitary confinement, such confinement shall in no case | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | null |
exceed fourteen days at a time, with intervals between the periods of solitary confinement ofnot less duration than such periods; and when the imprisonment awarded shall exceed threemonths, the solitary confinement shall not exceed seven days in any one month of the wholeimprisonment awarded, with intervals between the periods of solitary confinement of notless duration than such periods. | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | null |
13. Whoever, having been convicted by a Court in India, of an offence punishable | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | null |
under Chapters X or Chapter XVII of this Sanhita with imprisonment of either description fora term of three years or upwards, shall be guilty of any offence punishable under either ofthose Chapters with like imprisonment for the like term, shall be subject for every suchsubsequent offence to imprisonment for life, or to imprisonment of either description for aterm which may extend to ten years. | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | null |
CHAPTER III | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | null |
G | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | null |
ENERAL EXCEPTIONS | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | null |
14. Nothing is an offence which is done by a person who is, or who by reason of a | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | null |
mistake of fact and not by reason of a mistake of law in good faith believes himself to be,bound by law to do it. | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | null |
Illustration s. | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | null |
(a) A, a soldier, fires on a mob by the order of his superior officer, in conformity with the | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | null |
commands of the law. A has committed no offence.Punishment ofperson guiltyof one ofseveraloffences,judgmentstating that itis doubtful ofwhich. | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | null |
Limit of | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | null |
solitaryconfinement. | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | null |
Enhanced | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | null |
punishmentfor certainoffences afterpreviousconviction. | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | null |
Act done by a | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | null |
person bound,or by mistakeof factbelievinghimself bound,by law.Solitary | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | null |
confinement.5 | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | null |
10 | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | null |
15 | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | null |
20 | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | null |
25 | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | null |
30 | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | null |
35 | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | null |
40 | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | null |
4511 | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | null |
(b) A, an officer of a Court, being ordered by that Court to arrest Y , and after due | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | null |
enquiry, believing Z to be Y , arrests Z. A has committed no offence. | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | null |
15. Nothing is an offence which is done by a Judge when acting judicially in the | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | null |
exercise of any power which is, or which in good faith he believes to be, given to him by law. | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | null |
16. Nothing which is done in pursuance of, or which is warranted by the judgment or | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | null |
order of, a Court; if done whilst such judgment or order remains in force, is an offence,notwithstanding the Court may have had no jurisdiction to pass such judgment or order,provided the person doing the act in good faith believes that the Court had such jurisdiction. | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | null |
17. Nothing is an offence which is done by any person who is justified by law, or who | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | null |
by reason of a mistake of fact and not by reason of a mistake of law in good faith, believeshimself to be justified by law, in doing it. | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | null |
Illustration . | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | null |
A sees Z commit what appears to A to be a murder. A, in the exercise, to the best of his | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | null |
judgment exerted in good faith, of the power which the law gives to all persons of apprehendingmurderers in the fact, seizes Z, in order to bring Z before the proper authorities. A hascommitted no offence, though it may turn out that Z was acting in self-defence. | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | null |
18. Nothing is an offence which is done by accident or misfortune, and without any | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | null |
criminal intention or knowledge in the doing of a lawful act in a lawful manner by lawfulmeans and with proper care and caution. | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | null |
Illustration . | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | null |
A is at work with a hatchet; the head flies off and kills a man who is standing by. Here, | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | null |
if there was no want of proper caution on the part of A, his act is excusable and not anoffence. | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | null |
19. Nothing is an offence merely by reason of its being done with the knowledge that | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | null |
it is likely to cause harm, if it be done without any criminal intention to cause harm, and ingood faith for the purpose of preventing or avoiding other harm to person or property. | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | null |
Explanation. — It is a question of fact in such a case whether the harm to be prevented | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | null |
or avoided was of such a nature and so imminent as to justify or excuse the risk of doing theact with the knowledge that it was likely to cause harm. | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | null |
Illustration s. | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | null |
(a) A, the captain of a vessel, suddenly, and without any fault or negligence on his | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | null |
part, finds himself in such a position that, before he can stop his vessel, he must inevitablyrun down a boat B, with twenty or thirty passengers on board, unless he changes the courseof his vessel, and that, by changing his course, he must incur risk of running down a boat Cwith only two passengers on board, which he may possibly clear. Here, if A alters his coursewithout any intention to run down the boat C and in good faith for the purpose of avoidingthe danger to the passengers in the boat B, he is not guilty of an offence, though he may rundown the boat C by doing an act which he knew was likely to cause that effect, if it be foundas a matter of fact that the danger which he intended to avoid was such as to excuse him inincurring the risk of running down the boat C. | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | null |
(b) A, in a great fire, pulls down houses in order to prevent the conflagration from | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | null |
spreading. He does this with the intention in good faith of saving human life or property.Here, if it be found that the harm to be prevented was of such a nature and so imminent as toexcuse A’s act, A is not guilty of the offence.Act of Judgewhen actingjudicially. | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | null |
Act done | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | null |
pursuant tojudgment ororder ofCourt. | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | null |
Act done by a | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | null |
person justified,or by mistake offact believinghimself,justified, by law. | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | null |
Accident in | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | null |
doing a lawfulact. | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | null |
Act likely to | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | null |
cause harm,but donewithoutcriminalintent, and toprevent otherharm.5 | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | null |
10 | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | null |
15 | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | null |
20 | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | null |
25 | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | null |
30 | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | null |
35 | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | null |
4012 | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | null |
20. Nothing is an offence which is done by a child under seven years of age. | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | null |
21. Nothing is an offence which is done by a child above seven years of age and under | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | null |
twelve, who has not attained sufficient maturity of understanding to judge of the nature andconsequences of his conduct on that occasion. | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | null |