[Vesicovaginal and urethrovaginal fistulae]. 
The authors discuss treatment of vesicovaginal fistulae (VVF) in 36 patients and in six patients urethrovaginal fistulae treated in 1989-1995.  The most frequent cause of VVF were iatrogenic lesions after hysterectomy.  Occlusion of the fistula was performed 12x by the transvesical approach, nine times by a combined transperitoneal and vaginal approach, four times by a transvesical and transperitoneal approach, eight times by the vaginal route only and three times the authors had to make a continent derivation of urine of the sigma-rectum "pouch" type.  Continence by primary operation was achieved in 86%, in urethrovaginal fistulae one reoperation was necessary.  With the development of radical operations in the lesser pelvis in women the incidence of iatrogenic lesions is rising slightly, however when the technique of minimal invasive reconstruction urology is used, the prognosis of occlusion of fistulae is favourable.