3H-2-deoxyglucose uptake after electrical stimulation of cardioactive sites in insular cortex and mediodorsal nucleus of the thalamus in rabbits. 
The uptake of 3H-2-deoxyglucose (3H-2-DG) in selected brain structures was determined subsequent to electrical stimulation of insular cortex (Ins) and the mediodorsal (MD) nucleus of the thalamus in rabbits.  Stimulation of Ins elicited parasympathetic-like responding (i.e., bradycardia and depressor responses); whereas MD stimulation produced sympathetic-like responses (bradycardia and pressor responses).  Stimulation of Ins also resulted in increased 3H-2-DG activity in ipsilateral MD and the ventromedial/ventroposterior complex as well as the contralateral Ins compared to nonstimulated control subjects.  The central nucleus of the amygdala also showed increased activity after Ins stimulation.  In 2 animals stimulation of Ins resulted in increased 3H-2-DG activity in the caudate/putamen complex.  Stimulation of MD resulted in ipsilateral increases in 3H-2-DG activity in the midline, agranular prefrontal cortex, as well as the ipsilateral Ins, and the caudate nucleus and putamen/globus pallidus complex.  Two animals also showed increases in 3H-2-DG activity in ipsilateral substantia nigra.  However, no increased activity was observed in the lateral hypothalamus, the parabrachial nuclei, the nucleus tractus solitarius, or the dorsal motor nucleus of the vagus, although it has been shown that efferents from Ins reach these areas.  A more significant finding however, was that the reciprocal connections of MD and Ins appear to be activated by stimulation of either structure, even though their relationship to autonomic function appears to be quite different.