[Neonatal hypoxic-ischemic brain injury: pathogenesis and neuropathology]. 
The perinatal period represents a clinical setting of potential risk for injury to developing brain secondary to many causes, with the chance for long-lasting, profound neurocognitive deficits.  Neonatal hypoxic-ischemic brain injury leads to serious long-term morbidities.  The leading pathogenetic mechanisms are hypoxia and/or ischemia, as a result of perinatal asphyxia.  Understanding of the underlying pathophysiology will help the physicians in the general supportive management and neuroprotection of the neonatal brain.