Universal precautions: knowledge, compliance and attitudes of doctors and nurses in Thailand. 
A study on the knowledge, compliance and attitudes of doctors and nurses on "universal precautions" (U.P.) was done by questionnaire in April 1993.  Four hundred and sixty-nine doctors and 4,554 nurses from 35 hospitals throughout Thailand responded.  Almost all doctors and nurses understood the definition of U.P.. The latter were correctly applied in less than half of the personnel.  A significant number of doctors and nurses required HIV screening tests and isolation of patients with HIV infections.  Most doctors and nurses knew that sharp injuries were the most important cause of acquiring HIV infection in health-care settings.  Those who are more vulnerable to injury would take more precautions.  Up to a quarter of doctors and nurses did not fully understand how to use protective barriers properly.  The practice of handwashing needs to be improved.  Both doctors and nurses were willing to take care of HIV infected patients.  They supported the application of U.P. as a safety measure.  Welfare support for health-care workers who have contacted HIV at work is also expected.