Q:

What happens to the blockchain after the miner wins the puzzle? 

I have some problems understanding the flow of consensus mechanism, so far I know, In PoW when validating a transaction the miners will compete with each other to solve a puzzle, the miner who find the nonce first will get the chance to validate. 
My problem is, I don't understand the process after this.  I want to know what miners will do after solving the puzzle?  
Thank you. 

A:

My problem is, I don't understand the process after this.  I want to know what miners will do after solving the puzzle?  

After miner A found the nonce, he broadcasts his "solution" to the network (miner B and miner C for example) and starts to build a new block and try to find the new nonce. 
Miner B and miner C both validate the "solution".  If it's a correct block, they add it to their local blockchain and broadcast it to others (Miner D, E, F...) and right after that, they do also build a new block and try to find the new nonce for that one.