Evaluation of the field efficacy of an avirulent live Lawsonia intracellularis vaccine in foals. 
Equine proliferative enteropathy caused by Lawsonia intracellularis is an emerging disease with as yet unaddressed preventative measures.  The hypothesis of this study was that vaccination will prevent clinical and sub-clinical disease.  Weanling Thoroughbreds (n=202) from Central Kentucky were randomly assigned into two groups (vaccinated and non-vaccinated).  Vaccinated foals received 30 mL of an avirulent, live L. intracellularis vaccine intra-rectally twice, 30 days apart.  Foals were monitored for clinical disease, total solids and average weight gain until yearling age.  There was an overall decreased disease incidence on the farms involved in the study that did not differ significantly between the groups.  This decreased disease prevalence in the study population may be associated with the ongoing vaccine trial on these farms, as disease prevalence in Central Kentucky did not change in 2009 compared to 2008.