Secondary listing for deceased-donor kidney transplantation does not increase likelihood of engraftment at a large transplant center. 
The supply of donor organs has not increased as fast as has the number of patients awaiting kidney transplantation.  Few organs are shared outside the areas of recovery.  This trend has caused some ESRD patients to seek listing at multiple centers.  We examined UNOS registry data and transplant registry data at the University of Alabama at Birmingham (UAB) for the 576 patients listed at multiple centers over an 8-year span ending December 31, 2005.  We identified 72 multilisted patients who received a deceased-donor renal allograft at UAB and reviewed their records for demographics, HLA matching and transfer of listing time.  The only predictors for transplantation at UAB were initial listing at UAB or transfer of waiting time.  Fifty-one of the 72 patients had listed at UAB first; the other 21 had transferred waiting time.  None of the 176 patients who listed elsewhere first and did not transfer waiting time had been transplanted at UAB.  Aggregate cost of listing and evaluation for the 176 patients listed elsewhere first who did not transfer waiting time was $1 254 528.  Secondary listing at UAB, with a large cohort awaiting transplantation, without transfer of waiting time from another center was an expensive and futile process.