Q:

writing a qt application in raw c++ (no qml)

I'm a c++ newbie(idk what counts as a newbie to be honest, but know about 95% of how c++ works, but am still new at writing programs), and have recently started messing around with GUIs.  
I've made a windows application that works fine, but in addition to being a bit inconvenient at times, it frustrates me that it will only work on windows. 
I'm trying qt, and after an hour of googling, and searching around their tutorials, I cant seem to find a way to write a program using raw c++ code (no qml or any stuff like that). 
What I would want would be something like functions for displaying qt objects like:
displaybutton(xcoordinates,ycoordinates,button_object_by_reference);

If I'm being too general, it would be nice to know what I can specify before having this thread closed. 
edit:
Okay, so http://doc.qt.io/qt-4.8/examples-widgets.html is great, but is bad for me, because i still dont know the fundamentals of qt.  Things like simply how the main window works for example, how classes are displayed(do i need to have a layout, or is that a bad question in the first place).  the examples are good for better understanding what is implicit with how qt works, but it is still not too easy to learn the basics from(which i partially have, but its tedious looking back at the examples and trying to figure out how something that should be natural is done).  So, where would i find an overview of how the environment works? 
so basically, "how does qt work, but don't use qml to explain; only use c++ to explain." 

A:

You should look at the widgets examples.   http://doc.qt.io/qt-4.8/examples-widgets.html
In the few that I selected all the widgets are created natively in C++.   For instance, in the windowflags example (http://doc.qt.io/qt-4.8/qt-widgets-windowflags-example.html).   It shows how to make a button. 
quitButton = new QPushButton("Button Name");
// Signal and slots are how QT handles it's callbacks
connect(quitButton, SIGNAL(clicked()), qApp, SLOT(quit()));

For layouts you need to look into the QT Layout options.   I prefer to use designer to get a feel how the objects will look when placed, then usually write my own layout.   Again from the example, to add the button to the GUI
QHBoxLayout *bottomLayout = new QHBoxLayout;
bottomLayout->addStretch(); // Fill entire area
bottomLayout->addWidget(quitButton);  // Place our button in that area
setLayout(bottomLayout);  // Push layout to main GUI object.