Q:

Universality of the laws of physics

How is it known at any point in the space of this universe that there is no particle in which its gravitational force does not follow Newton's law or other current laws? 
How does the same matter apply to other fundamental forces, does not apply to that particle? 
How do we know the number of particles that do not follow our defined rules in the world are more than the number of particles that follow these rules? 

A:

The only answer to all your questions is that not only we do not know but we cannot know, which make your question a philosophical one.  It is not possible to observe or experiment on every phenomena everywhere in the universe.  The best you can ask of science is to try as hard as humanly possible to falsify current theories. 
And we try hard.  For example, every distant source of light, be it star or galaxy is systematically subjected to a spectral analysis, and so far we have always observed the same absorption and emission lines we discovered through experiments on Earth.  We are therefore pretty confident we got our atomic physics right throughout the universe.  But then, considering the tone of your question, we have to admit that we haven't observed every star or every galaxy (one of the latest deep field study found 10 times more galaxies than expected for example), with the added complexity that we actually look at various distance into the past in a way, and therefore that those complying galaxies could have deviated from the laws of physics we know by now.  This illustrates how it is futile to practice science under the point of view of your question: I could keep lining up the facts showing we nailed down the laws of physics for large swath of the universe, relative abundance of light elements and the frequency spectrum of the cosmic microwave background radiation being two of the most remarkable ones, but you could always point out a place we overlooked. 
Essentially, your question is a classic argument of the gaps.  

A:

Introduction
I believe that all basic sciences have grown up on philosophy grounds (In the phase of documenting, translating and expressing meaning) and have been based on the foundations of philosophy. 
Because part of the work is the expression and transfer of meanings.  And this (including the combination of propositions and logical inferences for the purpose of obtaining theories) is precisely the part in which philosophy is responsible. 
And this part is an infrastructure. 

Explanations
We define the well-known fundamental particles with their properties as spins, adherence to gravitational laws and etc. 
If there is an electron in a place that does not follow the laws of gravity or other current rules, in fact it will not be called the electron particle. 
And our definition is that if a particle has all of these properties, then it has a special name. 

Conclusion
As a result, whenever a particle is found (for example, an electron or quark or etc or unknown) that does not follow previous rules and properties (for example spin, laws of gravity, etc, or unknown rules or properties), that particle needs a new name and redefines it.