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John Nash Douglas Bush (1896–1983) was a literary critic and literary historian. He taught for most of his life at Harvard University, where his students included many of the most prominent scholars, writers, and academics of several generations, including Walter Jackson Bate, Neil Rudenstine, Paul Auster and Aharon Lichtenstein. Students from the 60's report that Bush would sometimes speak in decasyllables, so that it was hard to tell where his recitation of Milton left off and where his commentary began. Bush's textual criticism on Shakespeare and John Milton was widely influential. His English Literature in the Earlier Seventeenth Century remains a standard reference work. He received his doctorate from Harvard University in 1923. Major works The Renaissance and English Humanism (1939) English Literature in the Earlier Seventeenth Century, 1600-1660 (1st ed. 1945, 2d ed. 1962) (reprinted as): The Early Seventeenth Century 1600-1660: Jonson, Donne, and Milton (The Oxford History of English Literature, 1990) Science and English Poetry: A Historical Sketch, 1590-1950 (1950) Classical Influences in Renaissance Literature (1952) Prefaces to Renaissance Literature (1965) Engaged and Disengaged (1966) Editions John Keats. Selected Poems and Letters (1959) John Milton. The Complete Poetical Works (1965) ''A Variorum Commentary on the Poems of John Milton." Volume I: The Latin and Greek Poems (1970) References External links 1896 births 1983 deaths Harvard University faculty American literary critics Harvard University alumni Corresponding Fellows of the British Academy

A singles event is an activity or program made available specifically to the romantically unattached, often with the underlying or explicit purpose of fostering dating or relationships among attendees. A singles event with a cocktail party-type atmosphere is also sometimes referred to as a mixer. Logistics Singles events are frequently run by organizations focused on building stability in their areas, such as religious organizations and community groups. Some local businesses, sports teams, and cultural establishments also hold singles events. The themes of singles events can cover a broad spectrum. These can include, for example, ski trips, Academy Award viewing parties, dinners, holiday parties, art gallery visits, and Valentine's Day mixers. Some of the most strongly attended such events are the Christmas Eve parties targeted at young Jewish singles in major cities in North America, particularly the Matzo Ball and its large city competitors. Singles events have been an area of particular growth in singles-related commerce. Praise Singles events have been praised as "ideal settings for meeting people" because attendees are ostensibly present to meet someone and are open to the idea of becoming romantically attached. Criticisms General The attendees of singles events have been criticized as "needy folks without a lot to offer". Dating via religious-sponsored singles events has been criticized for fostering invasion of daters' privacy and undue expectations. Sex ratios of singles events have been criticized, with many either having too many women or too many men depending on location or targeted race, age, and income groups. As a result, many events often have a policy to even out sex ratios before the event starts. Meet/meat market Singles events, including those organized by religious organizations, have been criticized for frequently being meet/meat markets—places where attendees are rapidly sizing up members of the opposite sex with objectifying criteria, such as attractiveness, wealth, and fashion sense, before taking the time to get to know attendees on a deeper level. By the 1970s, singles events had developed a reputation as a "ritual of lies and mistrust", replete with men in search of casual sex, cold and unfriendly women, and frequent misunderstandings. The nature of meet markets has changed dramatically since the 1980s, becoming more inviting, and the term itself has largely become value neutral or positive. Naming and 'Young Professionals' events The stigma that developed in the 1970s around singles events led some organizations to switch to the euphemism "young professionals events". (However other organizations specifically for young professionals insist that they are not "singles groups".) References Interpersonal relationships Clubs and societies Interpersonal attraction Human sexuality Physical attractiveness

KRWI may refer to: Rocky Mount–Wilson Regional Airport (ICAO code KRWI) KRWI (FM), a radio station (98.1 FM) licensed to serve Wofford Heights, California, United States

The Ontario Arts Foundation is a non-governmental not for profit organization established in 1991 under the Ontario Corporations Act to encourage and facilitate private giving to the arts in Ontario, Canada. The group is distinct from the Ontario Arts Council, which administers public funding for Ontario Artists and arts organizations. Operation The Foundation assists the Ontario Arts Council by assisting with private funding of the arts and oversees 360 endowments established by individuals, foundations, corporations and arts organizations. In 2023, it had $100 million in assets and disbursements of over $5.8 million using a staff of two and a board of 15. Programs The Foundation manages three programs, the Arts Endowment Fund Program, the Canada Cultural Investment Fund, Endowment Incentives Component, and the Private Funds, Awards, Scholarships. List of private funds, awards and scholarships administered by the Ontario Arts Foundation: Louis Applebaum Composers Award Laura Ciruls Painting Fund Virginia and Myrtle Cooper Award in Costume Design William and Mary Corcoran Craft Awards K.M. Hunter Artist Awards Douglas James Dales Fund Christopher Dedrick Fund Paul de Hueck and Norman Walford Career Achievement Awards Hal Jackman Fund Mary Jolliffe Award for Senior Arts Administrators Hugh D. McKellar Fund Kathleen McMorrow Music Award Ontario Arts Foundation Artist Educator Award Orford String Quartet Fund Philip Akin – Black Shoulders Legacy Award Christina and Louis Quilico Awards Ruth & Sylvia Schwartz Children's Book Awards Ellen Ross Stuart Opening Doors Awards Tafelmusik, Horst Dantz and Don Quick Endowed Fund Tim Sims Encouragement Fund Award Le Fonds Héritage Richard – Vaillancourt Legacy Fund Gina Wilkinson Prize for an Emerging Female Director Wuchien Michael Than Fund See also Ontario Art Council References Culture of Ontario 1991 establishments in Ontario

Joseph Denis Emile DeJordy (born November 15, 1938), is a Canadian former professional ice hockey player. He played goal for four National Hockey League teams, most notably the Chicago Black Hawks. In 1966–67, he and Glenn Hall won the Vezina Trophy for the best goals-against average in the NHL. Playing career DeJordy played junior hockey with the Junior B Dixie Beehives in 1956–57 and the Major Junior A St. Catharines Teepees of the Ontario Hockey Association. In two seasons in St. Catharines he helped the Teepees to the top of the Ontario League. Stan Mikita was the team's offensive leader at the time; he and DeJordy were later teammates with the Chicago Black Hawks for several seasons. DeJordy's began his professional career with the Sault Ste. Marie Thunderbirds of the EPHL and the Buffalo Bisons of the AHL. He was first called up by the Black Hawks during the 1960-61 playoffs, but did not play. His name was engraved on the Stanley Cup and he appeared in the Hawks' Stanley Cup team picture, even though he had yet to play a single NHL game. He played his first NHL game on November 7, 1962, when he replaced Glenn Hall, who had left the game with a back injury. (That injury brought an end to Hall's streak of 502 consecutive complete games, a league record.) DeJordy played five games that season for Chicago. In 1966–67, DeJordy and Hall won the Vezina Trophy for the best goals-against average in the league. When the Black Hawks acquired Tony Esposito from the Montreal Canadiens, DeJordy was relegated to backup for the 1969–70 season. He then played for the Los Angeles Kings for three seasons. He was traded along with Dale Hoganson, Noel Price and Doug Robinson from the Kings to the Canadiens for Rogie Vachon on November 4, 1971. He became the backup to Ken Dryden, who had played a large part in leading the Canadiens to the Stanley Cup the previous spring. DeJordy played seven games that season. He was then dealt to the Detroit Red Wings and played parts of two seasons there, with stints in the minor leagues. He then became a goaltending coach for the Wings, the first in the NHL. During his career, DeJordy owned a sporting goods store in his home town of St. Hyacinthe, Quebec. Dejordy's brother Roger DeJordy was a veteran minor league hockey player and was enshrined in the Hershey Bears Hockey Club Hall of Fame in 2015. Awards Selected to the OHA-Jr. First All-Star Team in 1959. EPHL Best Rookie Award Winner in 1960. Stanley Cup Championship in 1961. Les Cunningham Award Winner in 1963. Harry "Hap" Holmes Memorial Award Winner in 1963. Selected to the AHL First All-Star Team in 1963. Selected to the CPHL First All-Star Team in 1966. Vezina Trophy Winner in 1967 (shared with Glenn Hall). Selected to the AHL Second All-Star Team in 1974. Career statistics Regular season and playoffs References External links 1938 births Living people Baltimore Clippers players Buffalo Bisons (AHL) players Canadian ice hockey coaches Canadian ice hockey goaltenders Chicago Blackhawks players Detroit Red Wings players Ice hockey people from Quebec Laval National coaches Los Angeles Kings players Montreal Canadiens players Peterborough Petes (ice hockey) players Sault Thunderbirds players Sportspeople from Saint-Hyacinthe St. Catharines Teepees players Stanley Cup champions Vezina Trophy winners

The knockout stage of 1978 FIFA World Cup was a single-elimination tournament involving the four teams that qualified from the second group stage of the tournament. There were two matches: a third place play-off contested by the group runners-up, and the final to decide the champions, contested by the group winners. The knockout stage began with the third place play-off on 24 June and ended with the final on 25 June 1978, both at the Estadio Monumental in Buenos Aires. Argentina won the tournament with a 3–1 victory over the Netherlands. All times ART Qualified teams The top two placed teams from each of the two groups of the second round qualified for the knockout stage. Third place play-off This, as of the 2022 FIFA World Cup, was the most recent time when the third place match was won by a non-European team. Final References External links 1978 FIFA World Cup archive 1978 FIFA World Cup 1978 Netherlands at the 1978 FIFA World Cup Argentina at the 1978 FIFA World Cup Brazil at the 1978 FIFA World Cup Italy at the 1978 FIFA World Cup

Huskvarna (; formerly spelled Husqvarna) constitutes the eastern part of Jönköping, a city in the Swedish province of Småland, and has a population of about 24,000. The distance to central Jönköping is about 5 km. The name Huskvarna translates to House Mill. Between 1911 and 1970, it was a city municipality of its own. It geographically grew together with Jönköping in the 1950s. Since the local government reform in 1971, it is administratively within Jönköping Municipality. History A royal rifle manufacturer was established in Husqvarna, as it was originally spelled, in 1689, and lasted until 1757, when it was sold to private owners. It continued to supply the Swedish and Norwegian armies with rifles (for example, in 1870, some 10,000 rifles were finished), but the company later switched to the production of sewing machines and bicycles. Today, it is known as Husqvarna AB, an internationally known company with a variety of products. Coat of arms The arms (1911) depict rifles and their ignition. Sport The International Floorball Federation was founded in Huskvarna in 1986. Notable residents Mona Johannesson, Swedish model Denni Avdić, association football player Emma Sjöberg, Swedish top model. Married to Hans Wiklund Notes and references See also Ebbe power station Husqvarna (disambiguation) Husqvarna AB, the company External links Huskvarna From official municipal website article Huskvarna from Nordisk familjebok Populated lakeshore places in Sweden Cities in Jönköping County

Charlotte de Lannoy (d. September 1626) was a French court official. She served as Première dame d'honneur to the queen of France, Anne of Austria, from 1624 until 1626. Life Charlotte de Lannoy was the daughter of Christophe, seigneur de Lannoy, gouverneur de Montreuil. She was appointed to the head of queen Anne's household by Cardinal de Richelieu, to whom she was loyal, and her appointment was therefore not well seen by the queen. de Lannoy, who was described as a "respectable matron", was in service during the famous incident during the journey of the court to the coast in 1625, when the queen was famously courted by George Villiers, 1st Duke of Buckingham, a courtship which de Lannoy attempted to prevent and left a report on to the king. References 1626 deaths 17th-century French people French ladies-in-waiting Court of Louis XIII Household of Anne of Austria

The sigmoid dart (Eueretagrotis sigmoides) is a moth of the family Noctuidae. It is found in eastern North America species. In southern Canada it is found from Ontario to central Saskatchewan, and in the United States from Maine to Minnesota, south to western Maryland, Ohio, and western Kentucky. It has recently been recorded from North Carolina and Tennessee. The wingspan is about 40 mm. Adults are on wing from June to July. External links Bug Guide The Noctuinae (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) of Great Smoky Mountains National Park, U.S.A. Noctuinae Moths of North America

Avik or Åvik may refer to the following people Given name Avik Kabessa, Israeli-American businessman Avik Roy, Bengali-American journalist, editor, political strategist and investment analyst Surname Bruno Åvik (born 1940), Finnish-born Swedish cross-country skier People Avik Anwar, Bangladeshi motor racer See also Åvik, a village in Norway Aavik

Sanjeev Stalin (born 17 January 2001), is an Indian professional footballer who plays as a full back for Indian Super League club Mumbai City. He has represented India at various youth international levels including in the 2017 FIFA U-17 World Cup. Club career Youth and early career Indian Arrows Stalin was part of the AIFF Elite Academy batch that was preparing for the 2017 FIFA U-17 World Cup to be hosted in India. After the tournament, Stalin was selected to play for the Indian Arrows, an All India Football Federation-owned team that would consist of India under-20 players to give them playing time. He made his professional debut for the side in the Arrow's first match of the season against Chennai City. He started and helped the team keep the clean sheet as Indian Arrows won 3–0. C.D. Aves On 11 February 2020, Stalin signed a two-year deal at Portuguese Primeira Liga club C.D. Aves, where played for the club's U-19 and U-23 squads. Sertanense On 24 August 2020, Stalin joined Portuguese third division club Sertanense for the 2020–21 season. Kerala Blasters On 18 March 2021, Indian Super League club Kerala Blasters FC announced the signing of Stalin on a 3-year deal. He made his debut for the club in the 2021 Durand Cup match against arch-rivals Bengaluru FC on 15 September, which they lost 2–0. Stalin made his Indian Super League debut in the match against Hyderabad FC on 9 January 2022 as substitute for injured Jessel Carneiro, which the Blasters won 1–0. On 26 February, in the match against their southern rivals Chennaiyin FC, he was awarded with the man of the match award for his performance, as the Blasters won 3–0 at full-time. International career Stalin represented the India under-17 side which participated in the 2017 FIFA U-17 World Cup which was hosted in India. On 9 October 2017, he assisted Jeakson Singh to score India's first ever goal in a FIFA tournament against Colombia. He was also a part of the India under-20 team and made appearances for the side. Personal life Sanjeev Stalin was born to his father, Stalin and mother Parameshwari, in Bangalore, Karnataka. His parents run a small garment shop and his mother is a Burmese Indian who emigrated back to India to help her nephew. At the age of 10 Stalin was spotted by Indo-Iranian coach Jamshid Nassiri who recommended that he should join a football academy. Career statistics Honours Mumbai City ISL League Winners Shield: 2022–23 See also List of Indian football players in foreign leagues References 2001 births Living people Footballers from Bangalore Indian men's footballers India men's youth international footballers Indian expatriate men's footballers Indian people of Burmese descent Men's association football defenders AIFF Elite Academy players Indian Arrows players C.D. Aves players Sertanense F.C. players I-League players Indian expatriates in Portugal Kerala Blasters FC players Kerala Blasters FC Reserves and Academy players Mumbai City FC players Indian Super League players

Ethel Bailey Furman née Ethel Madison Bailey (July 6, 1893–February 24, 1976) was an American architect who was the earliest known African-American female architect in Virginia. Biography Ethel Madison Bailey was born in Richmond, Virginia. She was the daughter of Margaret M. Jones Bailey and Madison J. Bailey. She married William H. Carter on October 12, 1912, in New Jersey, and they had two children. Their daughter, Thelma Carter Henderson was born in 1914 in Buffalo, New York and their son, Madison Carter, was born in 1916 in Lakawana, New York. Having divorced Carter by 1918, she married Joseph D. Furman, a Pullman porter for the New York Central Railroad. Together they had a son named J. Livingston Furman. After training in New York City, she returned to Richmond in 1921 and began designing houses for locals. Furman worked with her father, and also raised three children. During this time she worked other jobs to supplement income to raise her family. As an African-American woman she experienced discrimination in the architecture community, as local bureaucrats refused to accept her as the architect of record on her own projects. Consequently, she would often have to submit her job proposals through male contractors with whom she worked. Education As a young child Furman started to gain knowledge on architecture and the building arts by shadowing her father, Madison J. Bailey, who was the second licensed Black building contractor in Richmond. Over time, this informal education allowed Bailey to take on some of the drafting duties for her father's business. Furman briefly attended Armstrong High School in Richmond, Virginia before her family moved to Philadelphia. She graduated from Germantown High School in North Philadelphia in 1910. At one point in her training she moved to New York City where she studied architecture privately. In the late 1920s she was the only woman to attend the Hampton Institute's annual builder's conference. She trained in drafting through Chicago Technical College into the 1940s. Notable works Furman designed over 200 churches and residences in Virginia and two churches in Liberia, including the Fourth Baptist Church Educational Wing which still stands in the historic Church Hill district of Richmond, Virginia. To recognize her contributions to the field of architecture, a park in Richmond was named after her in 1985. In 2010, Furman was honored as one of the Library of Virginia's "Virginia Women in History" for her civic work and accomplishments in the field of architecture. Later life Furman died in 1976. She is buried at Oakwood Cemetery in Richmond, Virginia. References Further reading Wilson, Dreck Spurlock. African-American Architects: A Biographical Dictionary, 1865–1945. New York: Routledge, 2004. External links https://pioneeringwomen.bwaf.org/ethel-madison-bailey-carter-furman Virginia Changemakers. “Ethel Bailey Furman.” https://edu.lva.virginia.gov/changemakers/items/show/167 William Richards. “Pioneering Architects: Ethel Bailey Furman.” https://www.aia.org/articles/6380755-pioneering-architects-ethel-bailey-furman 1893 births 1976 deaths 20th-century American architects African-American architects African-American history of Virginia Architects from Richmond, Virginia American women architects 20th-century African-American women 20th-century African-American artists

Abeh-ye Hajji Nabi Gol Cheshmeh (, also Romanized as Ābeh-ye Ḩājjī Nabī Gol Cheshmeh; also known as Gol Cheshmeh and Gol Cheshmeh-ye Ḩājjī Nabī) is a village in Nezamabad Rural District, in the Central District of Azadshahr County, Golestan Province, Iran. At the 2006 census, its population was 1,278, in 292 families. See also List of cities, towns and villages in Golestan Province References Populated places in Azadshahr County

The Social-National Party of Ukraine () (SNPU) was a far-right party in Ukraine that would later become Svoboda. The name of the party was an intentional reference to the Nazi Party in Germany. The party combined radical nationalism, neo-fascist and anti-communist positions. History The party was registered on October 16, 1995 It was founded by the Student Fraternity of Lviv city, public organization of the Soviet Afghan War veterans, a youth organization "Spadshchyna" (Heritage) and the Rukh Guard. Its ideology was based on OUN politician Yaroslav Stetsko's Two revolutions. A mirror image of the Wolfsangel, or Wolf's Hook, was chosen as the party emblem in 1991. On 21 September 1993 its "people's formations" came to the Verkhovna Rada building dressed all in black to differentiate themselves from woodland camouflaged UNA-UNSO activists. In the second half of 1990s the party also recruited skinheads and football hooligans. The party was alleged to be involved in criminal fighting which resulted in physical elimination of criminal elements of the Caucasus region from the West Ukraine. According to Svoboda's website, during the 1994 Ukrainian parliamentary elections the party presented its platform as distinct from those of the communists and social democrats. SNPU did not win any seats to the national parliament, but managed to receive some seats in the Lviv Regional Council. In the 1998 parliamentary elections, the party joined a bloc of parties (together with the All-Ukrainian Political Movement "State Independence of Ukraine") called "Less Words" (), which collected 0.16% of the national vote. Oleh Tyahnybok as a member of the SNPU Board of Commissioners was voted into the Ukrainian Parliament in this election. He became a member of the People's Movement of Ukraine faction. The party established the paramilitary organization Patriot of Ukraine in 1999 as an "Association of Support" for the Military of Ukraine. In 2000 on invitation of SNPU, Ukraine was visited by Jean-Marie Le Pen (at that time a leader of the National Front). The paramilitary organization was disbanded in 2004 during the SNPU's reformation and reformed in 2005 and currently one of the five major parties of the country. Svoboda officially ended association with the group in 2007, but they remain informally linked. In 2001, the party joined some actions of the "Ukraine without Kuchma" protest campaign and was active in forming the association of Ukraine's rightist parties and in supporting Viktor Yushchenko's candidacy for prime minister, although it did not participate in party lists for the 2002 parliamentary elections, although some of its candidates stood in single constituencies. The SNPU again performed poorly in the elections. However, as a member of Victor Yushchenko’s Our Ukraine bloc, Tyahnybok was reelected to the Ukrainian parliament. The SNPU won two seats in the Lviv oblast council of deputies and won representation in the city and district councils in the Lviv and Volyn oblasts. In 2004 the party had fewer than 1,000 members. Andriy Parubiy left the party in 2004 and later joined centre-right party Our Ukraine of president Viktor Yushchenko. The party changed its name to the All-Ukrainian Union "Svoboda" in February 2004 with the arrival of Oleh Tyahnybok as party leader. Tyahnybok made some efforts to moderate the party's extremist image. The party not only replaced its name, but also abandoned the logo that had resemblance to the Wolfsangel symbol with a three-fingered hand reminiscent of the 'Tryzub' pro-independence gesture of the late 1980s. Svoboda also pushed neo-Nazi and other radical groups out the party, distancing itself from its neofascist past while retaining the support of extreme nationalists. Ideology Some media outlets, such as Lev Golinkin in The Nation, have described it as "neo-Nazi". However, according to one scholarly article, "Only a small number of political scientists have classified the SNPU and its ideology. Andreas Umland and Anton Shekhovtsov characterize it as neo-fascist and extreme right... Tadeusz A. Olszanski...describes the ideology as radically nationalist with radical social rhetoric. There is also a study which describes the ideological positioning of the SNPU as national-centric and even liberal, but that also finds that the party leader has opinions that differ from the party program." Umland and Shekhovtsov wrote that "of these various Ukrainian nationalist parties the SNPU was the least inclined to conceal its neofascist affiliations... the official name of the party’s ideology, “social nationalism,” clearly referred back to “national socialism”—the official name of the ideology of the National-Socialist German Workers’ Party (NSDAP) and of the Hitlerite regime. According to Der Spiegel the "Social-National Party" title was an "intentional reference to Adolf Hitler's National Socialist party." Another echo was the use of a logo that resembled the Wolfsangel, a symbol popular among neo-Nazi groups: "Its official symbol was the somewhat modified Wolf’s Hook (Wolfsangel), used as a symbol by the German SS division Das Reich and the Dutch SS division Landstorm Nederland during World War II and by a number of European neofascist organizations after 1945. As seen by the SNPU leadership, the Wolf’s Hook became the “idea of the nation.” The Ukrainian political scientist Vitaliy Kulyk, however, claimed that while similar to signs used by Neo-Nazi organizations in Europe the sign "Idea of the Nation" has nothing to do with Wolfsangel and there were no actions that confirmed the party's Nazi image. Political scientist Tadeusz Olszański wrote that the social-nationalist ideology adhered to has included "openly racist rhetoric" concerning 'white supremacy' since its establishment, and that therefore comparisons with National Socialism are legitimized by its history. The party advocated the social nationalist ideology by combining radical nationalism with equally radical social rhetoric. Among the canons of its ideology there was: a vision of the nation as a natural community, the primacy of the nation’s rights over human rights, the urge to build an ‘ethnic economy’, but also an openly racist rhetoric concerning ‘white supremacy’. According to Artem Iovenko, "Externally, the SNPU has distanced itself from the classification as pro-fascist." New party leader Oleh Tyahnybok said in 2004: “We were not fascists. We never shared the ideology of German National Socialism." Electoral results References Political parties disestablished in 2004 Defunct political parties in Ukraine Neo-Nazism in Ukraine Political parties established in 1995 1991 establishments in Ukraine Far-right political parties in Ukraine Anti-communist parties

Rehimena dichromalis is a moth in the family Crambidae. It was described by Francis Walker in 1866. It is found in India. References Spilomelinae Moths described in 1866

Lampropeltis leonis, known as the Nuevo León kingsnake or variable kingsnake, is a species of colubrid snake endemic to northeastern Mexico. References leonis Snakes of North America Endemic reptiles of Mexico Endemic fauna of Northeastern Mexico Reptiles described in 1893 Taxa named by Albert Günther

Liriomyza flaveola is a species of fly from Liriomyza genus, Agromyzidae family. It was described for first time by Fallén in 1823. According to Catalogue of Life Liriomyza flaveola does not have known subspecies. References Agromyzidae Insects described in 1823

Scouts South Africa is the World Organization of the Scout Movement (WOSM) recognised Scout association in South Africa. Scouting began in the United Kingdom in 1907 through the efforts of Robert Baden-Powell and rapidly spread to South Africa, with the first Scout troops appearing in 1908. South Africa has contributed many traditions and symbols to World Scouting. Scouts South Africa caters for youth and young adults from the ages of 5 through 30. It is split into four sections – Meerkats, Cubs, Scouts, and Rovers – with each section serving a different age group and concentrating on different areas of personal development. It is also one of the largest youth organisations in the rural parts of South Africa and performs many community upliftment programmes in those areas. The highest award attainable by a Scout in South Africa is the Springbok award. A Scout is required to complete all the requirements for the Springbok award before their 18th birthday. Scouts South Africa was one of the first youth organisations to open its doors to youth and adults of all races in South Africa. This happened on 2 July 1977 at a conference known as Quo Vadis. Aims and principles The aim of Scouts South Africa is to contribute to the development of boys, girls and young adults in achieving their full potentials as individuals, as responsible members of their local, national, and international communities by developing their character, training them in citizenship and developing their spiritual, social, mental, and physical qualities. Scouts South Africa is based on the principles of duty to God, duty to others, and duty to self. These three principles govern the entire advancement programme and teach the Scout to be loyal to the religion that expresses them, to be loyal to the country in which they reside and to be responsible in their own development. History Organized Scouting spread to South Africa only a few months after its birth in Britain in 1907. In 1908, several troops formed in Cape Town, Natal, and Johannesburg and the following year saw the first official registration of South African troops. Scouting in South Africa grew rapidly, and in 1912 Robert Baden-Powell visited South African Scouts. Due to the rapid spread of Scouting it became necessary to provide some form of local co-ordination. Provincial Councils were formed in South Africa between 1912 and 1916. These councils had no direct contact with each other and reported directly to Imperial Scout Headquarters in London. The first Union Scout Council was formed in 1922 to provide a common national control on an advisory basis. Six years later, in 1928, the Union Scout Council adopted a constitution which enabled it to perform the functions of Imperial Scout Headquarters. Scouting in South Africa, as in most British Colonies (such as Rhodesia), was originally segregated by race. This did not prevent black Scout groups from forming, and in the 1920s, black Scouts were given the name Klipspringers (a type of small antelope). The Pathfinder Council was formed in 1929. In 1930, the Imperial Scout Headquarters granted the complete independence of the Scout Movement in South Africa. Work started on yet another constitution which was finalised in 1936 at Bloemfontein during the visit of Baden-Powell. During 1937, the Boy Scouts Association of South Africa became a member of the International Scout Conference (now World Scout Conference) and was registered with the International Bureau (now World Scout Bureau) on 1 December 1937. South Africa was the first of the Commonwealth countries to achieve independence for its Scout Movement. The now independent association maintained the racial segregation with four separate associations. After consultation with Baden-Powell, four separate Scouting organisations were created in 1936. These were The Boy Scouts Association (for whites), The African Boy Scouts Association (for blacks), The Coloured Boy Scouts Association (for coloureds) and The Indian Boy Scouts Association (for Indians). A revision of the 1936 constitution in 1953 even strengthened the whites-only branch: its Chief Scout was now Chief Scout of the three other associations, with each association providing a Chief Scout's Commissioner as executive head under the Chief Scout. With the rise of Afrikaner nationalism in South Africa during the early part of the 20th century, Scouting was viewed with suspicion by many Afrikaners because of its English roots, and rival Afrikaans organisations including the Voortrekkers were established. These had a strong social and political aim. Negotiations about an amalgamation of both movements in the years 1930 to 1936 were not successful. In the 1970s, the Nordic countries placed pressure on the World Organization of the Scout Movement (WOSM) to expel the South African Movement for its racial policies. South African Scouting responded to this by combining all branches of the Movement into a single Boy Scouts of South Africa organisation at a conference known as Quo Vadis that was held on 2 July 1977. Although apartheid laws forbade several forms of multiracial association, the South African government failed to take any action against the Movement on racial grounds. Scouting was active during the period in several of the homelands, Transkei issuing Scout insignia and several including Bophuthatswana (the homeland where Mafikeng is located) issuing Scout-themed postage stamps. On 10 July 1995, The Boy Scouts of South Africa adopted a new constitution and changed its name to the South African Scout Association, and also began accepting girls into its ranks. By 1999 girls were allowed in all sections. In 2008 the name changed to Scouts South Africa. South African influences on World Scouting traditions South Africa has long been associated with the origins of Scouting. Robert Baden-Powell, the founder of the movement, spent most of the years from 1884 to 1905 as a soldier in Southern Africa. South Africa's most prominent role in the origin of Scouting was the siege of Mafeking in 1899–1900. Baden-Powell successfully lead the defense of the town for 217 days. During the siege, he was inspired by the boys of the Mafeking Cadet Corps, and later used them as an example of bravery in the first chapter of his handbook Scouting for Boys. The Mafeking Cadets are not regarded as the first Boy Scouts, as Scouting was only born later, in 1907 at Brownsea Island in Britain. However, it was Mafeking that resulted in Baden-Powell becoming a national hero in Britain, and it was his fame that enabled his Scout movement to catch on so rapidly. The Wood Badge, worn by adult Scout leaders, is a replica of beads from the necklace that was once worn by King Dinizulu of the Zulus. The original necklace was captured from Dinizulu by Baden-Powell. Other Zulu traditions and chants also featured in Scouting for Boys. While serving in Southern Africa, Baden-Powell learnt many the skills that would become standard scouting skills. Jan Grootboom, a Xhosa from South Africa, was a military scout who Baden-Powell praised for his scouting ability in the Matabele Campaign. Baden-Powell also learnt scouting skills from Frederick Russell Burnham, an American explorer, adventurer, and mercenary, who went on to become a highly decorated Major and Chief of Scouts under Lord Roberts during the Second Boer War. The earliest Scout uniform was based on the uniform that Robert Baden-Powell designed for the South African Constabulary, a paramilitary force established to police the conquered Boer republics following the Anglo-Boer War. The current South African Scout uniform is in fact still based on the uniform worn by the South African Constabulary. Baden-Powell said of South Africa in 1926 that: Influence in South Africa Scouts South Africa teaches young people the importance of high morals. Former South African President and patron of Scouts South Africa, Nelson Mandela, said the following of the Scout Movement: In 2013, various Troops in the Western Cape Region took part in the first ever Mandela Day Community Service Project on Robben Island, where former Patron Nelson Mandela was jailed for 18 of 27 years in prison. This Mandela Day project was repeated in 2014 and 2017. Scouts South Africa is actively involved in community work, particularly in the rural areas of South Africa. In some rural areas, such as the greater Tzaneen area, there are Troops with over 100 Scouts. Rural Troops are often limited in their activities by funding and lack of equipment. Their programme focuses on educating the Scouts in becoming good citizens and in the dangers of HIV. Educating Scouts in HIV and AIDS is vitally important due to the large number of infections in both rural and urban areas of South Africa. National organisation Scouts South Africa is subdivided into Regions: Eastern Cape North Eastern Cape South Free State Gauteng KwaZulu-Natal Limpopo Mpumalanga North West Northern Cape Western Cape. Each Province is in turn divided into Districts, and each District consists of a number of Groups. The national head office is in Cape Town. The Chief Scout is the head of Scouts South Africa, and is therefore the leader of Scouting for all groups within South Africa. The current Chief Scout is Khonzaphi Mdaka, with effect from 1 February 2022, taking over from Dr. Brendon Hausberger. Former President of South Africa Nelson Mandela was the patron of Scouts South Africa until 2013. Group organisation A Scout Group consists of one or more units for different age groups: a Meerkat Den, Cub Pack, Scout Troop, and Rover Crew. Large Groups may have more than one of each section, or may have separate units for boys and girls. Rover Crews can also be associated with a District if independent from any one Scout Group within the District. The Group is led by a Scout Group Leader (SGL) who acts as the liaison between the parents committee and the adult leaders of the Cub, Scout, and Rover units within the Group. The parents committee is an elected body of parents (with elections being held once a year at the Group AGM) that oversees the financial, maintenance, and legal affairs of the group, supporting the adult Scouters who run the programme for their branches. Meerkat programme In 2019, a Meerkat branch was opened for ages 5 to 6. Cub programme The Cub section is open to boys and girls between the ages of 7 and 11, and is intended to lay foundations and teach basic skills for when a Cub becomes a Scout. The Cub programme is based on a system of progressive leadership, with members being given increasing responsibility depending on age as they advance through the Cub Pack. Cubs are divided into small groups called Sixes led by a Sixer and a Second. The Pack Scouter may appoint the most responsible Cub in the Pack as a Senior Sixer. The head of a Cub Pack is the Pack Scouter (PS), often nicknamed Akela after the head wolf in The Jungle Book by Rudyard Kipling. There may be a number of Assistant Pack Scouters, with nicknames from other Jungle Book characters. The Cub Advancement Programme is based on Cubs working towards the Silver Wolf and Gold Wolf badges, each divided into four Challenge Awards: Aptitude, Awareness, Outdoor, and Community; and the Leaping Wolf badge. Cubs proceeding to Scouts complete the Link Badge. Cub Promise I promise to do my best – To do my duty to God and my country; To keep the Law of the Wolf Cub Pack; And to do a good turn to somebody every day. Cub Law The Cub gives in to the Old Wolf. The Cub does not give in to himself / herself. Scout programme The Scout section is open to boys and girls between the ages of 11 and 18, and aims at developing Scouting and leadership skills. Scout Troops are divided into Patrols of between four and ten Scouts, with six being a common size. The Patrol Leader and Second have many responsibilities in training younger Scouts and helping plan and run the programme. Patrol Leaders are in charge of planning and running (often with no adult intervention) Patrol camps and outings, and are also required to assist their Patrol members through the Scout advancement program. Often the most senior and responsible Patrol Leader is appointed as Troop Leader (TL), who no longer runs a Patrol but instead has other responsibilities such as enforcing discipline and running the weekly programme. Since a Troop Leader is not required to plan or run Patrol camps, or help Scouts through the advancement program many senior Scouts who are in their final year of school choose to become Troop Leaders to have more time to concentrate on their studies and on achieving the Springbok award. The adult leader of a Scout Troop is the Troop Scouter (TS), assisted by Assistant Troop Scouters (ATS) and Junior Assistant Troop Scouters (JATS). Scout Promise On my honour, I promise that I will do my best – To do my duty to God, and my Country; To help other people at all times; To obey the Scout Law. Scout Law A Scout's honour is to be trusted A Scout is loyal A Scout's duty is to be useful and to help others. A Scout is a friend to all and a brother / sister to every other Scout A Scout is courteous A Scout is a friend to animals A Scout obeys orders A Scout smiles and whistles under all difficulties A Scout is thrifty A Scout is clean in thought, word and deed Advancement badges The Scout Advancement Programme is based on a number of advancement badges, culminating in the Springbok Scout badge. Each advancement badge focuses on different levels of development and the programme progresses from basic Scout training, to training young Scouts, and ends with a focus on community service. Troop Membership To be invested as a Scout, the membership requirements for recruits include knowing the basic story behind Scouting, the Scout Promise and Law, some basic Scouting skills, and the National anthem of South Africa. Traveller This advancement badge focuses on basic Scout training, including the six basic knots (Reef Knot, Bowline, Sheet bend, Sheepshank, Round turn and two half hitches, and Clove hitch), basic first aid (treatment of open wounds and bleeding), and introduces Scouts to camping. The badge encourages a Scout to participate in patrol activities. The Scout is required to have camped away from their normal Scout meeting place for at least three nights. Discoverer This advancement badge introduces the Scout to basic pioneering, including whipping, basic lashing, and other advanced knots. The Scout is required to know more advanced forms of first aid (treatment of shock, sprains, and fainting). The Scout needs to help plan, and be second in charge of a patrol hike. Other requirements for the badge include knowledge of HIV/AIDS and knowledge of how a Court of Honour functions. First Class This advancement badge is the first advancement badge that places the Scout in a position of leadership and organisation. A Scout is required to plan and run a wide game for their Patrol, a Patrol camp, an overnight Patrol hike for which a log book must be written, a programme to teach younger Scouts in their Patrol about pioneering, and they need to assist in the planning of a Scouts' Own. The Scout also needs to lead their patrol in a community service project of not less than ten hours. Springbok This badge is the top Scout award in South Africa. It concentrates on teaching the Scout how to give back to the community. The Springbok award is the equivalent of the UK's Queen's Scout and the American Eagle Scout. Among the requirements, the Scout must complete at least 40 hours of community service, lead a hike of over 30 kilometres (18.6 mi) in unfamiliar territory, and plan and construct a pioneering project. Court of Honour The Court of Honour is a regular meeting of Patrol Leaders (PLs) and the Troop Scouter, and is responsible for the majority of decisions regarding troop discipline, patrol management, troop programme and other matters. The Troop Scouter is the only adult leader regularly attending these meetings, although the Court of Honour may invite other Scouters to attend. The Troop Scouter has the right to veto decision, but should generally only act in an advisory role, allowing the Scouts themselves to make important decisions. Air Scouting Air Scouting in South Africa is an active part of the program. Since 2005 Air Scouting has expanded, especially in Gauteng, where the first Airjamborally since the 1980s was held during August 2005. The Gauteng region has 5 of the 8 Air Scout Groups. The Air Scout uniform is a sky blue shirt (Short sleeve), Navy blue long pants or shorts, black socks, black shoes, the group scarf and a black beret. Air Scout badges are Advanced Navigation, Air Glider, Air Mechanic, Air Meteorologist, Air Navigator, Air Spotter and Air Traffic Controller. Challenge awards differ from Land and Sea Scouts. Whereas Land Scouts can obtain a Bushman's Thong and Sea Scouts the Bosun's cord, Air Scouts wear The Airman's Cord. Rover programme The Rover section is open to any young adults between the ages of 18 and 30. The Rover programme focuses on their motto of 'Service', which has 3 aspects – service to the community, service to the Scout Movement and service to oneself. Rovers are not necessarily adult leaders of Scout Troops, although there is often some overlap. The Rover section has historically been open to young men and women, even prior to the Cub and Scout sections being opened to girls. The purpose of Rover Scouting is to encourage Rovers to train themselves and their fellow Rovers in citizenship and service, to encourage Rovers to pursue careers that they enjoy and that are useful to themselves and to render services to both the Scout Movement and the community around them. Within three months of joining a Rover Crew a newcomer may be invested as a Squire. Alternatively, a Scout wishing to join the Rover Crew upon their 18th birthday, may complete the Rover Network Badge. Newcomers, not previously a Scout, must first be invested as a Scout and must take the Scout Promise. The Squire then chooses a mentor, called a Sponsor, from one of the existing Rovers; the Sponsor's task is to guide the Squire in learning all the necessary Scouting skills and to aid the Squire in performing a service project as set out by the Rover Crew. Once the service project is completed the Squire can be invested as a fully fledged Rover. Rover badges Rover advancement badges Rovers are able to take part in a 5-part advancement, similar to that of Scouts. Each rank of advancement focuses on a different stage of the development of a young adult, and on a different part of a Rovers service. The advancement awards are: The Personal Bar – Focusing on skills a young adult may need to develop, such as writing a CV or learning about investing. The Movement Bar – Focus is on service to Scouting, and Rovers are requires to learn practical outdoor skills and use these skills to help youth activities. The Community Bar – A Rover is required to get involved in their local community, research needs and develop projects to fulfill these. The Leadership Bar – A more senior Rover can use the skills they have gained by this point to guide younger Rovers and take a leadership role in the Crew. The Baden-Powell Award – The highest award a Rover can attain. Requires the completion of all previous bars, 4 Rover Awards and a challenge award. Rover awards Rovers can earn eleven different awards: The Careers Award The Civics Award The Community Service Award The Rambler's Award The Scoutcraft Award The Scouter Training Award The Sportsmanship Award The Project Award The Public Health Award The Emergency Service Award The Arts and Culture Award Challenge Awards Rovers must earn at least one "Challenge Award" in order to achieve the Baden-Powell Award. These are awards in recognition of activity done outside of the advancement programme. Various awards are recognised for this purpose, including awards administered by SCOUTS South Africa, international awards administered by WOSM, and external awards administered by independent organisations. Events In addition to activities run by individual Scout groups, a large number of rallies, activities, competitions, and training courses are held by the different Regions. The biggest of these are probably the Kon-Tiki raft building competitions (held annually in Cape Town and Gauteng) and the JOTA-JOTI communications-focussed Jamboree. Nationally, the Senior Scout Adventure is held every two years in the Cederberg mountains. In the past, South Africa has also held a national Jamboree, known as SANJAMB. Patrol Leaders Training Unit The Patrol Leaders Training Unit (or PLTU) is a 7- to 12-day course run at various venues around South Africa. PLTU is a very physically and mentally strenuous course, open to Scouts who are over 14½ years old and have achieved their Discoverer advancement badge. The first of what was to become the Patrol Leader training Unit courses was run at Lexden — Natal Gilwell Scout Training Camp in July 1959, under the leadership of Dudley Forde, with 19 Scouts from the 2nd Durban Y.M.C.A. Scout Group in attendance. Courses were offered to boys from the same Group over the next five years until the 6th Course in October 1964 which was opened to participants from South Durban District. In October 1967 the Patrol Leader Training Unit was formed to offer formal Leadership Training courses for Scout Patrol Leaders in the then Natal Division. The nine members comprising the original Unit were Dudley Forde [Chairman], Fr Ian Laurenson, Lynn Reynolds, Paddy McDowell, Paul and Helen Bezencon, Ian Hoare, Tony Hornby and Bill Sewell. The KwaZulu-Natal Patrol Leader training Unit celebrated the holding of its 100th course in July 2004. Dudley Forde, Fr Ian Laurenson, James Radford, Doug Drysdale, Bryan Dibben, Craig Shaw, Grant Martens and Guy Caws have led the PLTU over its first 45 years. This Unit hosted and mentored leaders who went on to create Patrol Leader Training Units in other centres in South Africa: Ian Hoare — East London, Derek Swemmer — Pretoria, Lynn Reynolds — Free State, Bill Hodges and Bruce Maree — Eastern Cape, Ian Harry and Chris Barrett — Gauteng, Peter Foster — Western Cape. A typical PLTU course focuses on character development in each individual, including the development of physical, mental and spiritual qualities. Qualities such as leadership and team spirit are instilled in the Scouts during the course. There are a number of PLTU courses on offer around South Africa Gilten PLTU — Held in Johannesburg Gilqua PLTU — Held in the Western Cape Weston PLTU — Held in Johannesburg Lexden PLTU — The original PLTU course held in KwaZulu-Natal Gilcoast PLTU — Held in the Eastern Cape Gilkloof PLTU — Held in Magoebaskloof On the successful completion of a PLTU course a Scout is entitled to wear a PLTU woggle (which is made by the Scout while on the course) and to wear a special PLTU badge on their uniform. Many Troops also require a Scout to complete a PLTU course before allowing them to become a Patrol Leader. International links Scouts South Africa plays an active role in the Southern Africa Zone, which consists of all the WOSM member Scout Associations in the Southern Africa region. The Africa Scout Region has a satellite office in Cape Town at the Scouts South Africa headquarters. A number of European Scout Associations are also involved in north–south partnerships with Scouts in developing countries, including several active programmes in South Africa. Members of the Boy Scouts of America living in South Africa may become Lone Scouts linked to the Direct Service branch of the BSA. Contributions to World Scouting The Join-In Jamboree concept, for Scouts in their home countries during World Scout Jamborees, was pioneered by the South African Vic Clapham in the 1970s. Vic Clapham was awarded the Bronze Wolf, the only distinction of the World Organization of the Scout Movement, by the World Scout Committee for exceptional services to world Scouting. In 1971, former Chief Scout Arthur H. Johnstone was also awarded the Bronze Wolf. Colin Inglis and Garnet de la Hunt, both former Chief Scouts of South Africa, were awarded the Bronze Wolf in 1996 for their work towards racial unity in Scouting during the apartheid era. Winston Adams of South Africa received the Bronze Wolf in 2017. Frank Opie, a South African Scout leader and environmental educationalist, published The Global Scout on behalf of World Scouting in 1993. The South African Scout Association hosted the World Scout Conference and World Scout Youth Forum in Durban in 1999. Garnet de la Hunt chaired the World Scout Committee from 1999 to 2002, and former Chief Scout Nkwenkwe Nkomo was elected to the World Scout Committee in 2005. See also Lesotho Scouts Association Scouts of Namibia Eswatini Scout Association Voortrekkers Girl Guides South Africa References World Organization of the Scout Movement member organizations Scouting and Guiding in South Africa Youth organizations established in 1908 1908 establishments in South Africa

W. Wesley McDonald (June 11, 1946 – September 9, 2014) was a professor of political science at Elizabethtown College. Career His most recent and notable work is Russell Kirk and the Age of Ideology, published in 2004. The book explores the political and philosophical ideas of the conservative intellectual (and friend and mentor of McDonald) Russell Kirk and his impact on conservatism in the 1940s and 50s. McDonald has also written several articles on Kirk and 20th-century conservatism. Degrees 1982 Ph.D, Catholic University of America 1969 M.A., Bowling Green State University 1968 B.A., Towson State University Selected works Russell Kirk and the Age of Ideology, University of Missouri Press 2004 References External links Elizabethtown College homepage American political scientists Towson University alumni Catholic University of America alumni Bowling Green State University alumni 1946 births 2014 deaths

Samuel Gottlieb Rudolph Henzi (7 September 1794 ), was a Swiss linguist, Professor at the University of Tartu (at the time: Dorpat) on the Chair of Exegetics and Oriental languages, the Dean of the theological faculty; head of the Tartu Branch of Russian Bible Society. Biography Henzi was born on 7 September 1794 in Bern, Switzerland, where he received his primary and university education. During his stay at the University of Bern, he spent three years studying philosophy, then theology. In 1816, according to the Swiss custom of ordination, he was accepted as a candidate for church duties, after which he studied theology in Tübingen for another year, and from 1817 to 1818 studied the history in Göttingen. Upon his return, he was appointed vicar in Unterseen, but in the fall of 1818 he resigned his post and, wishing to fill his knowledge of the Eastern languages, went to Paris, where he studied Arabic, Persian and Sanskrit languages under Sylvestre de Sacy. After spending some time in Great Britain, Henzi returned to his homeland in the summer of 1819, wishing to devote himself to academic activity. At this time, the Department of Exegesis and Oriental Languages was inaugurated at the University of Tartu, where he was elected to the University Council, and on 5 March 1820, he was appointed Ordinary Professor. Even before his departure, Henzi received a degree as a Doctor of Theology at University of Tübingen for processing part of the still unreleased Arabic commentary of Al-Baydawi on the Quran. On 30 August 1820, he delivered an introductory lecture: "Über Verhältniss der Schriften des Alten und Neuen Testaments zu einander nach Inhalt und Form". In addition to lectures on Exegesis, he also gave lectures on Eastern languages, led practical exercises on Exegesis in the theological seminary, and during the 1822–1823 academic year Henzi temporarily supervised practical classes "on the Gospel pericopam". In 1821, he became director of the Tartu Branch of the Russian Bible Society, and in 1822, a member of the school commission. He was elected dean of the theological faculty four times. Henzi died on 1 February 1829 in Tartu. For the funeral, Gottlieb Eduard Lenz wrote an Oratio Funebris in German and Latin, which is held at the National Library of Estonia. Family Henzi was the son of a very rich commerciant, Rudolph Jakob Henzi, of Bern. Henzi married Margaretha Adriana Rosamunde Furer on 31 July 1821 in Tartu. Their son, Samuel Rudolf Henzi, was born on 8 December 1822 in Tartu (or 26 November 1822 in Bern), and studied Medicine in St. Petersburg, Tartu and Bern. Henzi was buried on 4 February 1829 in Tartu Vana-Jaani cemetery in plot XXXIII, field 1527, grave 5. The gravestone has since gotten removed, presumably by the Soviets, who did not like this "German graveyard", and cleared the whole plot XXXIII. Selected bibliography Books D. R. Henzi: Fragmenta Arabica, e codicibus manuscriptis parisinis nunc primum, publicis sumtibus. University of Dorpat, St. Peterburg, 1828, (printed at the expense of the university). (Google books) Rudolphus Henzi, D. (execeticae et linguarum orientalium P.P.O): Ad audiendam orationem in auditorio maximo d. 6. Dec. habendam qua diem Nicolai I. imperatoris et domini nostri longe clementissimi sancto nomini dicatum concelebrabit Univeristas Literarum Dorpatensis. Dorpat. 1827. (Google Books) Dr. Rud. Henzi: Predigt ueber Roem. I, 16., preaching hold in Dorpat on 7 Nov., printed by J. C. Schünmann, Universitätsbuchdrucker, Tartu, 1821. Chapters Abriss einer Grammatik und Wörterverzeichniss der Hawai-oder Sandwichsprache ("Hertha, Zeitschr. F. Erde-, Völker- und Staatenkunde", 1826, published by H. Berghaus and V. Hoffmann with A. v Humboldt in Stuttgart and Tübingen, II, 76–120). (archive.org, PDF pages 520–562) Letters Letter from Rudolf Henzi to Karl Morgenstern, 20 October 1820. (Uni Tartu homepage) (pdf) More letters, see in bibliography published by Tartu University Library (T. Šahhovskaja), (in Estonian). (pdf) Unknown Progr. Libri Ecclesiastae argumenti brevis adnumeratio. Tartu, 1827. Lectures During his time at Tartu University, Henzi was carrying out research and also holding lectures. The names of the lectures can be found in the "Intelligenzblatt der Jenaischen allgemeinen Literatur-Zeitung" (in English: "Intellectual journal of the general literature newspaper of Jena"). Sometime his name is given as "Rudolph" and sometimes as "Rudolf". 1820 November Die erste Hälfte der synoptischen Erklärung der 3 ersten Evangelien Exegetische Erklärung der Genesis Elemente der Arabischen Sprache 1821 July Erklärung des Briefes an die Römer und des ersten Briefes an die Korinther Erklärung der Messianischen Weissagungen auf welche das Neue Testament sich beruft Arabische Sprache Theologisches Seminarium: exegetische und katechetische Übungen 1822 November Das Evangelium des Johannis Auserlesene Stücke des Propheten Jesaias Hebräische Sprache (nach Gesenius' hebräischer Grammatik, 5. Auflage, Halle 1822) Theologisches Seminarium: katechetische Übungen über die evangelischen Perikopen, sowie latienische Disputirübungen über exegetische Streitfragen 1824 July Evangelium Epistolasque Ioannis explicabt *Salomonis Proverbia, inde a capite XVIII, nec non Ecclesiastea interpretabitur Hebraicam linguam docebit secundum Gesenii Elementa Arabicam linguam addiscere studiosos instituet In Seminario Theologico et commentationibus catecheticis in Pericopas avangelicas habendis praeerit, et Latine de rebus exegeticis scribendo et disputando exercebit Additionally, to what normally he is teaching in Scholae theologorum, this time he is also teaching in Instituta Publica together with Lenz: In Seminario theologico R. Henzi, h.t. Director, una cum Professore Theologiae practicae, Th. E. Lenz (Gottlieb Eduard Lenz), exercitationes practicas supra memoratas instituet et moderabitur 1826 Dezember Erste Hälfte der synoptischen Erklärung der drey ersten Evangelien Erklärung des ersten buches der Psalmen Elemente der hebräischen Sprache (nach Gesenius' hebräischem Elementarbuch) Erlernen der arabischen Sprache 1828 January June Evangelium atque Epistolas Ioannis Oracula, in libro Iesaiae inde a cap. XL. contenta Linugae Arabicae addiscendae studiosos instituet, fragmentis Arabicis quibusdam, a se editis 1828 Dezember Erklärung des Briefes an die Römer und des einen oder anderen der kleinen Paulinischen Briefe (Epistolam Pauli ad Romanos explicabit ) Auslegung der Genesis (Genesia interpretabitur) Erlernen der arabischen Sprache mit Benutzung der "Arabischen Fragmente" (linguae Arabicae addiscendae studiosos instituet, fragmentis Arabicis quibusdam, a se editis) Theologisches Seminarium: exegetische Übungen (Exercitationes Seminarii theologici sodalium exegeticas moderabitur) Gallery Literature Sylvestre de Sacy: (Commentary on Henzi's work). In: Journal des Savans, juillet 1829, p 410–421, (Google Books) Martin Hallik, Olaf-Mihkel Klaassen, Unustatud orientalist professor Samuel Gottlieb Rudolf Henzi (engl. Forgotten Oriental Professor Samuel Gottlieb Rudolf Henzi). "Ajalooline Ajakiri" (engl. Historical Magazine) 1999: 2, p. 31-36. University of Tartu DSpace Repository (pdf) Russian Biographical Dictionary (РБС/ВТ/Генци, Самуил-Готтлиб-Рудольф) (Wikisource) (in Russian) Heinrich Seesemann: Professor Dr. Rudolf Henzi (1794–1829) und Dorpat im 3. Jahrzehnt des 19. Jhds. In: Jahrbuch des baltischen Deutschtums 1986, p. 43-59. Hans Henzi: Zwei Bernerinnen fahren nach Livland und Begegnen Albert Bitzius. In: Jahrbuch Oberaargau 1969, 1969, pages 62–68 (in German). (pdf) Tartu University Library: Biography and Bibliography on Henzi, Rudolf, 2003 by T. Šahhovskaja (in Estonian). (pdf) Henzi, Samuel Gottlieb Rudolf. In: Baltisches Biographisches Lexikon digital (in German). Baltischen Historischen Kommission. Retrieved 16 September 2018. () References University of Bern alumni Swiss theologians German theologians Estonian orientalists Orientalists 1794 births 1829 deaths

Vladimir Sekulovski (born October 7, 1980, in Tetovo) is a Macedonian footballer who plays as a defender for Macedonian Third Football League club FK Osogovo. Club career He previously played in the Albanian Superliga for Shkumbini Peqin. Internationally, he represented his country at under-18 level, and was an unused substitute for the senior team as they beat Liechtenstein 3–1 in a Euro 2004 qualifier. References 1980 births Living people Sportspeople from Tetovo Men's association football defenders Macedonian men's footballers North Macedonia men's youth international footballers FK Sloga Jugomagnat players FK Vardar players FK Rabotnički players KF Shkumbini players FK Teteks players FK Makedonija G.P. players FK Osogovo players Macedonian First Football League players Kategoria Superiore players Macedonian Second Football League players Macedonian expatriate men's footballers Expatriate men's footballers in Albania Macedonian expatriate sportspeople in Albania

Yandro Miguel Quintana Rivalta (born January 30, 1980 in Ciego de Ávila) is a Cuban wrestler who competed in the Men's Freestyle 60 kg at the 2004 Summer Olympics which were also his first Olympics. He won the gold medal by defeating Masuod Jokar in the final with the help of his coach Filberto Delgado. He stands 5'2 and 132 lbs. In 2003 he came in first at the Pan American Games. He now resides in Havana, Cuba. External links 1980 births Living people People from Ciego de Ávila Sportspeople from Ciego de Ávila Province Wrestlers at the 2004 Summer Olympics Wrestlers at the 2007 Pan American Games Wrestlers at the 2008 Summer Olympics Olympic wrestlers for Cuba Olympic gold medalists for Cuba Olympic medalists in wrestling Medalists at the 2004 Summer Olympics Cuban male sport wrestlers Pan American Games gold medalists for Cuba Pan American Games medalists in wrestling World Wrestling Championships medalists Medalists at the 2007 Pan American Games 20th-century Cuban people 21st-century Cuban people

The Ceres Community Project is a U.S. non-profit organization that mentors teens in nutrient-dense food preparation as well as chef, employment, and business skills, then works with volunteers to deliver the food to people with life-threatening illnesses and their families. Ceres also includes a garden to grow produce for the program. The organization has also partnered with other non-profit organizations such as the Work Horse Organic Agriculture (WHOA), which supplies organic produce and eggs to Ceres. The program has had significant impacts on both the teen chefs and the clients, with increases of fruit and vegetables and decreases in unhealthy food consumption in both groups. Ceres has also served as a model for similar projects in other communities such as in Chicago and Cleveland. History Cathryn Couch, a former professional chef, founded Ceres after taking a friend's daughter as an apprentice to cook for a friend who had stage 2 breast cancer. References Bibliography External links Youth organizations based in California Nonprofit youth organizations based in the United States American food and drink organizations Community organizations Community gardening in California Charities based in California Organizations established in 2007

The F-5 is a mandolin made by Gibson beginning in 1922. Some of them are referred to as Fern because the headstock is inlaid with a fern pattern. The F-5 became the most popular and most imitated American mandolin, and the best-known F-5 was owned by Bill Monroe, the father of bluegrass music, who in turn helped identify the F-5 as the ultimate bluegrass mandolin. The F-5 was designed by Lloyd Loar, who signed all of them by date as long as he worked at Gibson—F-5s are thus identified as, for instance, "a July 9". The most famous of them all is one that he signed on July 9, 1923—the mandolin that ended up being Bill Monroe's instrument. References External links Bill Monroe playing his F-5 on "Blue Moon of Kentucky" Gibson mandolins

Spas Penev (born 10 June 1933) is a Bulgarian wrestler. He competed in the men's Greco-Roman featherweight at the 1960 Summer Olympics. References External links 1933 births Living people Bulgarian male sport wrestlers Olympic wrestlers for Bulgaria Wrestlers at the 1960 Summer Olympics Sportspeople from Pernik 20th-century Bulgarian people

Ndombe may be, Ndombe language, Angola Ndombe Opetum (Pepe Ndombe) Firmin Ndombe Mubele See also Mai-Ndombe Province Lake Mai-Ndombe

Cricket is one of the most popular sports in India. It is played almost everywhere in the country. The Board of Control for Cricket in India (BCCI) is the governing body of Indian cricket and conduct all domestic tournaments and select the players for India national cricket team and India women's national cricket team. Domestic competitions in India annually organized by BCCI include the Ranji Trophy, the Duleep Trophy, the Vijay Hazare Trophy, the Deodhar Trophy, the Irani Trophy and the NKP Salve Challenger Trophy. The Indian Premier League, a Twenty20 tournament where various city-based franchises compete in a style similar to American football, is one of the biggest sporting leagues and the biggest cricketing league in the world. In 2023 it launched a similar league for females, the Women's Premier League (WPL). Cricket is generally viewed as favourite sport of Indians. Sports broadcasters, national-international news media frequently claim that "cricket is like religion in India", people are crazy for the sport there, but the truth is far from it, Indians don't show up at the stadiums to witness domestic (except IPL) tournament (such as Ranji, Vijay Hazare trophy, Irani Cup etc), non-India international matches and stadium remain empty, reason for this according to a senior figure in Indian broadcasting, "Indians don’t love cricket", "Indians love Indian cricket." International cricket in India does not follow a consistent pattern, unlike other cricketing teams such as England, who tour other countries during the winter and play at home during the summer. The Indian cricket team is one of the most successful cricket teams in the world, having won 2 ICC World Cups, 1 ICC World Twenty20, 2 ICC Champion's Trophies and finished runners up in the inaugural edition of the ICC World Test Championship. The 2021 ICC Men's T20 World Cup, was initially meant to be hosted by India. However, after the escalation of the COVID-19 Pandemic in India, the tournament was moved by the ICC to the United Arab Emirates. The 2023 Cricket World Cup will be hosted by India. Indian cricketers association is the country's retired cricketer's union. It is recognized by BCCI, but the latter do not allow any active player to be part of it or any other players union. BCCI keep ICA's representative in its and IPL's apex council. Cricket is an important part of Indian culture and top players, like Sachin Tendulkar, Sourav Ganguly, Virat Kohli, MS Dhoni and Rohit Sharma often attain celebrity status and are some of the most influential figures in the country. Cricket is often portrayed patriotically in popular Indian films, including the Academy Award-nominated film, Lagaan, and 83, the 2021 sports drama film about India's Cricket World Cup victory in 1983. The Indian cricket team shares a long-standing rivalry with the Pakistani cricket team, and India-Pakistan matches are some of the most anticipated matches in the world, and one of the most watched television broadcasts in the world. History The British brought cricket to the Indian subcontinent in the early 1700s, with the first documented instance of cricket being played is in 1721. It was played and adopted by Kolis of Gujarat because they were sea pirates and outlaws who used to loot the British ships. East India Company tried to manage the Kolis using cricket and were successful. 1800s to 1918 The first ever match of first-class cricket played in India was in 1864 between Calcutta and Madras. Not many records exist from the match. The entire history of cricket in India and the sub-continent as a whole is based on the existence and development of the British Raj via the East India Company. 1918 to 1945 India became a member of the 'elite club' joining Australia, England, South Africa, New Zealand and the West Indies in June 1932. India's first match in Lord's against England attracted a massive crowd of 24,000 people as well as the King of the United Kingdom. 1945 to 1960 The major and defining event in the history of Indian cricket during this period was the Partition of India following full independence from the British Raj in 1947. An early casualty of change was the Bombay Quadrangular tournament, which had been a focal point of Indian cricket for over 50 years. The new India had no place for teams based on ethnic origin. As a result, the Ranji Trophy came into its own as the national championship. The last Bombay Pentangular, as it had become, was won by the Hindus in 1945–46. India also recorded its first Test victory in 1952, beating England by an innings in Madras. 1960 to 1970 One team totally dominated Indian cricket in the 1960s. As part of 14 consecutive victories in the Ranji Trophy from 1958–59 to 1972–73, Bombay won the title in all ten seasons of the period under review. Among its players were Farokh Engineer, Dilip Sardesai, Bapu Nadkarni, Ramakant Desai, Baloo Gupte, Ashok Mankad and Ajit Wadekar. In the 1961–1962 season, the Duleep Trophy was inaugurated as a zonal competition. It was named after Ranji's nephew, Kumar Shri Duleepsinhji (1905–59). With Bombay in its catchment, it is not surprising that the West Zone won six of the first nine titles. 1970 to 1985 Bombay continued to dominate Indian domestic cricket, with only Karnataka, Delhi, and a few other teams able to mount any kind of challenge during this period. India enjoyed two international highlights. In 1971, they won a Test series in England for the first time ever, surprisingly defeating Ray Illingworth's Ashes winners. In 1983, again in England, India were surprise winners of the 1983 Cricket World Cup under the captaincy of Kapil Dev. During the 1970s, the Indian cricket team began to see success overseas beating New Zealand, and holding Australia, South Africa and England to a draw. The backbone of the team was the Indian spin quartet – Bishen Bedi, E. A. S. Prasanna, B. S. Chandrasekhar and Srinivas Venkataraghavan, giving rise to what would later be called the Golden Era of Indian cricket history. This decade also saw the emergence of two of India's best ever batsmen, Sunil Gavaskar and Gundappa Vishwanath responsible for the back-to-back series wins in 1971 in the West Indies and in England, under the captaincy of Ajit Wadekar. The Indian women's team made its test debut in 1976, becoming the third nation to do so. It made its ODI debut on 1st January 1978. 1985 to 2000 Globalization In the late 1980s, continuous live coverage of overseas matches was broadcast by British networks. This was a major factor in shaping what was now becoming the modern game of cricket. Modern technology and the establishment of specialized television networks set a global interest for the sport. ESPN and Star Sports added cricket to part of the 24 hours of continuous live coverage that they were needed to produce. Global popularity increased among the Eastern world. Soon after a domestic league (the Indian Premier League) was established. Several team names and spellings were altered during the 1990s when traditional Indian names were introduced to replace those that were associated with the British Raj. Most notably, Bombay became Mumbai and the venue of Calcutta became Kolkata, both where the main places where the British did all their business. During the 1980s, India developed a more attack-focused batting line-up with talented batsmen such as Mohammad Azharuddin, Dilip Vengsarkar and Ravi Shastri prominent during this decade. Despite India's victory in the Cricket World Cup in 1983, the team performed poorly in the Test arena, including 28 consecutive Test matches without a victory. However, India won the Asia Cup in 1984 and won the World Championship of Cricket in Australia in 1985. The 1987 Cricket World Cup was held in India. From the 1993–94 season, the Duleep Trophy was converted from a knockout competition to a league format. 21st century Sachin Tendulkar was one of the key members during 1989–2013 for Team India in multiple formats. Since 2000, the Indian team underwent major improvements with the appointment of John Wright, India's first ever foreign coach. This appointment met success internationally as India maintained their unbeaten home record against Australia in Test series after defeating them in 2001 and won the inaugural ICC World Twenty20 in 2007. India was also the first sub-continental team to win at the WACA in January 2008 against Australia. India's victory against the Australians in 2001 marked the beginning of a dream era for the team under the captainship of Sourav Ganguly, winning Test matches in Zimbabwe, Sri Lanka, West Indies and England. India also shared a joint victory with Sri Lanka in the ICC Champions Trophy and went on to the finals in the 2003 Cricket World Cup only to be beaten by Australia. In September 2007, India won the first ever Twenty20 World Cup held in South Africa, beating their arch-rivals Pakistan by 5 runs in a thrilling final. India won the Cricket World Cup in 2011 under the captainship of Mahendra Singh Dhoni, the first time since 1983 (28 years) – they beat Sri Lanka in the final held in Mumbai's Wankhede Stadium. India played its 500th Test match against New Zealand led by Kane Williamson at Kanpur from 22 - 26 September 2016. India won this match by 197 runs. This test was played under the captaincy of Virat Kohli. Currently, they are first in the 2019-21 ICC World Test Championship with 490 points and a PCT (percentage of points) of 71.They will play their final test in the 2019-21 ICC World Test Championship (which is also the final test in the 2021 Anthony De Mello Trophy) They played in their first series of the 2020-22 ICC Cricket World Cup Super League against the Australia national cricket team winning only one match and being fined 1 point for a slow over rate having only 9 points and being seventh in the league. Organisation of cricket in modern India International cricket International cricket in India generally does not follow a fixed pattern. For example, the English schedule under which the nation tours other countries during the winter and plays at home during the summer. Generally, there has recently been a tendency to play more one-day matches than Test matches. Cricket in India is managed by the Board of Control for Cricket in India (BCCI), the richest cricket board in the cricket world. The Indian national cricket team has also provided some of the greatest players to the world, the biggest example of which is Sachin Tendulkar. Indian cricket has a rich history. The Indian national team is currently ranked No. 1 in Tests, No. 2 in ODIs and at 2nd position in T20Is. India won two World Championship cups in 1983 under the captaincy of Kapil Dev and recently won in the year 2011 under the captaincy of Mahendra Singh Dhoni, which was won after a span of 28 years. They also won the World Championship of Cricket in 1985. First class competitions Ranji Trophy – It was founded as the 'Cricket Championship of India' at a meeting of the Board of Control for Cricket in India in July 1934. The first Ranji Trophy fixtures took place in the 1934–35 season. Syed Mohammed Hadi of Hyderabad was the first batsman to score a century in the tournament. The Trophy was donated by H. H. Sir Bhupendra Singh Mahinder Baha-dur, Maharajah of Patiala in memory of his late Highness Sir Ranjitsinhji Vibhaji of Nawanagar, affectionately called Ranjitsinhji. In the main, the Ranji Trophy is composed of teams representing the states that makeup India. The number of competing teams has increased over the years. Some states have more than one cricket team, e.g., Maharashtra and Gujarat. There are also teams for Railways and Services representing the armed forces. The various teams used to be grouped into zones – North, West, East, Central and South – and the initial matches were played on a league basis within the zones. The top two teams until 1991–92 and then the top three teams in the subsequent years from each zone then played in a national knock-out competition. Starting with the 2002–03 season, the zonal system was abandoned and a two-division structure was adopted with two teams being promoted from the plate league and two relegated from the elite league. If the knockout matches are not finished, they are decided on the first-inning lead. Duleep Trophy – Named after Duleepsinhji, the Duleep Trophy competition, which is a first-class competition, was started by the Board of Control for Cricket in India in 1961–62 with the aim of providing a greater competitive edge in domestic cricket, because apart from the knock-out stages of the Ranji Trophy, that competition proved to be highly predictable, with Bombay winning the Ranji Trophy for fifteen consecutive years. The Duleep Trophy was also meant to help the selectors to assess the form of top cricketers playing against each other. The original format had five teams, which were drawn from the five zones (i.e. North, South, East, West and central) and played each other on a knock-out basis. From the 1993–94 season, the competition has been converted to a league format. Irani Trophy – The Irani Trophy tournament was conceived during the 1959–60 season to mark the completion of 25 years of the Ranji Trophy championship and was named after the late Z. R. Irani, who was associated with the Board of Control for Cricket in India (BCCI) from its inception in 1928, till his death in 1970 and a keen patron of the game. The first match, played between the Ranji Trophy champions and the Rest of India was played in 1959–60. For the first few years, it was played at the tail end of the season. Realising the importance of the fixture, the BCCI moved it to the beginning of the season. Since 1965–66, it has traditionally heralded the start of the new domestic season. The Irani Trophy game ranks high in popularity and importance. It is one of the few domestic matches followed with keen interest by cricket lovers in the country. Leading players take part in the game, which has often been a sort of selection trial to pick the Indian team for foreign tours. Limited overs competitions Deodhar Trophy – Started in 1973–74 by Board of Control for Cricket in India, it is a one-day cricket competition in Indian domestic cricket. It was formerly contested by 5 zonal teams – North zone, South zone, East zone, West zone and Central zone. From 2015–16 to 2017–18, it was contested by the winners of the Vijay Hazare Trophy, India A and India B. Starting in 2018–19 it has featured India A, India B and India C. NKP Salve Challenger Trophy – It was started as the Challenger series by the Board of Control for Cricket in India in 1994–95 and later named as NKP Salve Challenger Trophy in 1998–99. This tournament featured 3 teams: India senior, India A and India B playing each other in a round robin format. They were later renamed India Blue, India Red and India Green respectively. The tournament featured the top 36 players from across India. It was last contested in 2013–14. Vijay Hazare Trophy – Named after the prolific Indian cricketer Vijay Hazare, the Trophy was started in 2002–03 as an attempt to bring the limited-overs game among a greater audience. The competition involves the state (and other) teams from the Ranji Trophy battling in a 50-over format. Since its conception, Tamil Nadu and Mumbai have won the trophy the most times (5). It is also dubbed as the Premier Cup by BCCI. BCCI Corporate Trophy – BCCI have set up a 12 team inter-corporate tournament in 2009 that involves all top Indian cricketers. The tournament involves 50-over-a-side matches with the winner picking up Rs 1 crore and the runner up getting Rs 50 lakh. It was abolished after a few years. Vijay Merchant Trophy - Under 16 youth State wise tournament. Twenty20 competitions Indian Premier League – In response to the rival ICL, the BCCI started the Twenty20 competition known as the Indian Premier League (IPL), which is regarded as the brainchild of Lalit Modi. This League was launched by BCCI in 2007–08 and received widespread recognition from around the country. The players were selected via the auctions and drafted into the city-based franchises. The first IPL season was held from 18 April 2008 to 1 June 2008 where underdogs Rajasthan Royals, led by Shane Warne, won the first title at the DY Patil Stadium in Navi Mumbai Based on regional loyalties, the eight-team tournament brings a unique and popular team and player auction system hand-picking some of the best international players in the world and teaming them with Indian players, both domestic and international, in one arena. The total prize money for the IPL was $3 million. The IPL is one of the most-attended cricket leagues in the world and ranks sixth among all sports leagues. The IPL has also Americanized cricket by adding cheerleaders and creating a setting of non stop action similar to sporting events in the USA. The IPL tournament consists of 10 different city based franchises. Syed Mushtaq Ali Trophy – After India became another member of the ICC Twenty20 and played its first international T20 against South Africa, the BCCI launched its own state structure in 2006–07 season, with 27 Ranji teams divided in 5 Zones. The final was played between Punjab and Tamil Nadu, which the latter won by 2 wickets with 2 balls remaining, thereby becoming the only ever winner of this series. In this series, Rohit Sharma also became the only ever Indian to register a T20 century for Mumbai against Gujarat. The competition was later replaced by the franchise-based IPL. Played for the first time in the 2008–09 season, this is the first of its kind zonal T20 championship and the third overall in the Indian cricket season, which would see Ranji teams divided along zonal lines into two groups with the tournament culminating in the All India T20 final between the winners of the two groups for the Syed Mushtaq Ali Trophy. It was launched after the success of the IPL and the need of the BCCI to search for more talent in the growing regions of cricket. In Twenty20, stronger crowd participation was seen than in other forms of the game. It has been greatly acknowledged by people and has made huge profits. Youth competitions Vinoo Mankad Trophy – A trophy tournament for under-19, in memories of famous cricketer Vinoo Mankad. Yagnik Trophy – A tournament for inter-college, under the university level student, named after Dr. Yagnik, Gandhian and famous figure in Saurashtra. Cooch Behar Trophy – An inter-state U-19 4-day matches tournament. Women's domestic competitions Women's Senior One Day Trophy – Started in season 2006–07, it is the women's List-A cricket tournament. Railways women has been the most dominant team, winning 10 out of the 11 tournaments. It was played in round-robin format at zonal level and the top performing team then playing in the super league. The format was changed in season 2013–14, since then it is played in 2 tiers, with states being divided in 5 groups, 2 in elite group and 3 in plate group. Finalists in the plate group, at the end of season are promoted to the elite group and 2 bottom most performing teams in the elite group are relegated to the plate group. Women's Senior T20 Trophy – It is a women's Twenty20 competition. It is played between full members of BCCI. The inaugural tournament was held in the 2008–09 season. Since then it has taken place every year with 2015–16 being the 8th edition. List of domestic cricket leagues T20 Mumbai League Maharashtra Premier League Karnataka Premier League Tamil Nadu Premier League Saurashtra Premier League Odisha Premier League Rajwada Cricket League Defunct leagues Indian Cricket League Facilities India has a plethora of international standards Cricket stadiums. The world's largest stadium, Narendra Modi Stadium, is located in India. Eden Gardens of Kolkata, the 3rd largest cricket stadium in the world, is situated in West Bengal. The domestic cricket governing bodies such as the Mumbai Cricket Association and the Maharashtra Cricket Association control cricket related activities and sanctioned tournaments in their respective regions. Each of a domestic cricket board that administrator cricket in that state. Also, regions, cities and Union Territories (UT) such as Vidharbha, Saurashtra and (former Princely state) Vadodara, Hyderabad and UT Pondicherry, Chandigarh respectively have cricket boards. The domestic boards are affiliated to BCCI, while district cricket boards in the country are affiliated to state boards. The country has lots of private cricket academies and clubs. The world's 3rd largest cricket arena being built in Jaipur. MRF Pace Foundation provide facilities to fast ballers. In popular culture Cricket is portrayed in Indian popular culture as an extremely important part of India's national identity. It is frequently associated with a strong sense of patriotism and nationalism. Films Cricket has been portrayed many times in various Indian films. One such popular film is 83, a film produced by Reliance Entertainment and directed by Kabir Khan. It stars actor Ranveer Singh as India national team captain Kapil Dev, known as one of India's greatest bowlers in cricketing history. The film is of the historical genre of Indian films and covers the Indian national team's underdog victory in the 1983 Cricket World Cup. 83 was received well by audiences and critics alike, scoring 80% on Rotten Tomatoes and 7.5 on IMDb. Many reviews appreciated the film's emphasis on national pride and dramatic storytelling of India's famous victory in 1983, although some criticized the film for unnecessarily over-dramatizing parts of the story. Celebrities Indian national cricket players are viewed as some of the highest-profile celebrities in India, especially Sachin Tendulkar, who some attribute god-like status to. Towards the end of his sporting career, Tendulkar began to pursue a political career, being sworn in as an MP to Rajya Sabha, India's upper house of Parliament in 2012, one year before retiring officially in 2013. While Tendulkar has not officially associated himself with any political party, various literature have claimed that he started to become a Hindu-centric role model after the turn of the 21st century during his cricketing career, promoting similar messages as the BJP, India's political party that is associated strongly with Hindu nationalism. See also Indian cricketers association, union of retired players List of cricket records List of India national cricket captains List of India Test cricketers List of India ODI cricketers List of India Twenty20 International cricketers References Further reading A Corner of a Foreign Field by Ramachandra Guha "Has Virat Kohli walked into a trap laid by the BCCI president?" The Probe, 17 December 2021. Sport in India Lists of Indian cricket records and statistics

Dominador 'Kaiser' Baldomero Bazán (13 December 1937 – 8 August 2006) was the Second Vice President of Panama in the Mireya Moscoso administration from September 1999 to September 2004. He graduated from West Point Military Academy in 1961, and obtained a degree in civil engineering from Stanford's University in 1962. References 1937 births 2006 deaths Vice presidents of Panama

Daniel Puckel (December 28, 1932 – November 13, 2018) was an American sports shooter. He competed in three events at the 1960 Summer Olympics. References 1932 births 2018 deaths American male sport shooters Olympic shooters for the United States Shooters at the 1960 Summer Olympics People from Moline, Illinois Sportspeople from Illinois Pan American Games medalists in shooting Pan American Games gold medalists for the United States Pan American Games silver medalists for the United States Shooters at the 1959 Pan American Games 20th-century American people

Ashley Brooke Reeve (née Beauchamp; born 22 January 1983) also known as Ashley Dzerigian is an American bass player. She previously played for Adam Lambert, Maximum Hedrum, CeeLo Green, My Jerusalem and Beastie Boys' keyboardist Money Mark. She was a member of the band Filter and plays for Cher. She is a graduate of the California Institute of the Arts and lives in Las Vegas, Nevada. She plays Fender bass guitars. Reeve previously played for indie-rock band Great Northern. Great Northern released two studio albums and one extended play. On December 29, 2011 Adam Lambert introduced her as his new bassist. Biography Early life Reeve was 11 years old when she started playing in the school band on oboe, after she was told that none of her peers used it. She quickly mastered the instrument and immediately drew the attention of the director, who suggested that she play the bass guitar as a second instrument. She immediately began taking private lessons, and by 13, she mastered the double bass. She played in all the musical groups in her school, including the orchestra, jazz ensemble and choir. Reeve attended the prestigious Los Angeles County High School for the Arts (LACHSA). Since music for her was something more than just a hobby, she continued playing on bass guitar and bass at the California Institute of the Arts, focusing on jazz, Latin and Afro-Cuban music, and working with mentors such as Alphonso Johnson (Wayne Shorter, Weather Report), Todd Johnson (six-string bass pioneer) and double-bass virtuoso, Darek Oles. Once she graduated from the institute in 2005, she immediately joined the world of indie rock, touring worldwide and recording music with several indie bands and artists. Early career (2005-2011) Shortly after leaving Great Northern, Reeve toured with Jeff Klein in 2008, eventually prompting him to create the band My Jerusalem with other singers he toured with that year. My Jerusalem released Without Feathers and Gone For Good before Ashley left to join Adam Lambert's band in early 2012. She also joined UK singer/songwriter Ed Harcourt and Beastie Boys keyboardist Money Mark for their respective tours. 2011 - 2013 In November 2011, a mutual friend of Reeve and Fender аrtist Tommy Joe Ratliff sent her to audition for American Idol alumnus Adam Lambert. She auditioned successfully and began making television appearances on shows such as The Ellen DeGeneres Show, The Tonight Show with Jay Leno, American Idol, Good Morning America, and Jimmy Kimmel Live, in addition to performances at venues across the world. In late 2012, Adam made a cameo in Pretty Little Liars with his touring band (including Ashley) on the Halloween special, "This is a Dark Ride." On January 22, 2013, she joined the band Maximum Hedrum as bassist for their mini South American summer tour. 2014 - the present On January 22, 2014, it was announced in a fan email that Reeve would be replacing Noah Harmon of The Airborne Toxic Event for a series of shows in 2014, as Noah takes a paternity leave of absence. In mid February, Reeve stepped down due to unforeseen, last-minute circumstances and was replaced by Adrian Rodriquez. She later joined Cee-Lo Green for his 2014 tour. In 2015, Filter frontman Richard Patrick announced on the band's Facebook page that Dzerigian, along with Oumi Kapila and Chris Reeve, had joined Patrick and Bobby Miller for the band's new album Crazy Eyes and subsequent world tour. She left the band in 2019. Other work Reeve provided the bass guitar sound for the character Marceline the Vampire Queen in the Cartoon Network show Adventure Time. Ashley was also featured on Fender showcasing the Fender American Deluxe Dimension Bass V. Personal life Ashley married the artist Ron Dzerigian at the age of 24. They are now divorced. She married Australian rockstar drummer and former Filter bandmate Chris Reeve twice in the last week of March, 2018. The first wedding took place in America, where magician Siegfried Tieber performed for guests. The second was a traditional outback themed ceremony, officiated by Kevin Bloody Wilson, in Reeve’s home town of Perth, Western Australia. Discography Studio albums With My Jerusalem Gone For Good (2010) Preachers (2012) With Great Northern Trading Twilight for Daylight (2007) Sleepy Eepee With Ed Harcourt Lustre (2010) With Filter (band) ''Crazy Eyes (2016) Filmography References 1983 births Living people Rock oboists Women oboists American oboists American rock bass guitarists American rock double-bassists American indie rock musicians Women bass guitarists Los Angeles County High School for the Arts alumni Guitarists from Los Angeles American women guitarists Filter (band) members 21st-century American women musicians 21st-century double-bassists 21st-century American bass guitarists

Hall of Fame Game may refer to one of the following games: Hall of Fame Game (baseball) Hall of Fame Game (hockey) Major League Soccer Hall of Fame Game Pro Football Hall of Fame Game See also Outback Bowl, an American college football bowl game in Tampa, Florida, called the Hall of Fame Bowl 1986–1994. All-American Bowl, a former American college football bowl game in Birmingham, Alabama, called the Hall of Fame Classic 1977–1985.

Ebenhaeser is a settlement in West Coast District Municipality in the Western Cape province of South Africa. A mission station of the Rhenish Missionary Society at the mouth of the Olifants River in the former Vanrhynsdorp district was established here by a German named Wurmb in 1831. The name, a version of Ebenezer, is of biblical origin (1 Sam. 7:12) and means 'stone of help'. References Populated places in the Matzikama Local Municipality

The following is a list of mayors of the city of Saint-Louis, Senegal. Senegal was under French colonial rule until April 1960. Charles Thevenot, circa 1764-1778 Charles Pierre Cornier, circa 1778-1800 Flammand, circa 1801-1808 Charles Porquet, circa 1809-1815 Pierre Dubois, circa 1816-1822 Francois Michel Pellegrin, circa 1823-1828 Jean-Jacques Alin, circa 1829-1847 , circa 1847-1851 Nicolas d’Erneville, 1851-1856 Marcelin Herice, 1856 Blaise Dumont, 1856-1872 Auguste Bréchet, 1872-1875 Gaspard Devès, 1875-1880 Auguste de Bourmeister, 1882-1889 Jean-Jacques Crespin, 1890-1891, 1894-1895 , 1891-1894 Louis Descemet, 1895-1909 Justin Devès, 1909-1910, 1912-1916 Amadou Dugay Clédor, 1919-1925 ? Babacar Seye, 1952-1960 Macodou Ndiaye, 1960-1963 Masseck Ndiaye, 1963-1990 Abdoulaye Chimère Diaw, 1990-2002 Oumane Masseck Ndiaye, 2002-2009 Cheikh Bamba Dièye, 2009-2014 Mansour Faye, circa 2014 See also Timeline of Saint-Louis, Senegal Quatre Communes List of mayors of Dakar References Bibliography Saint-Louis

Tetratricopeptide repeat protein 25 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the TTC25 gene. References Further reading

Centrespread is a futuristic Ozploitation movie about a jaded photographer for sex magazines who has been commissioned to find a girl with "a new look, a different approach, someone for the new century." Story Sometime in the not too distant future. The world is more like Mad Max, and sex is associated with violence in a totalitarian future which sees women presented for the entertainment and comfort of men, courtesy of a magazine run by a computer called Central. Gerard (Paul Trahir) is a hot photographer who works for Central, the computer which controls this stratified future of sectors and plastic credit - get on a shoot and your sector status goes up. Gerard's speciality is images of violent sexuality. It's a bit like those old Roman games, he explains - he also quotes Plato, saying he's been making man-made dreams. The plot largely consists of a series of photo shoots by this privileged, star body snapper. Gerard's first photo session involves a Droog (John Nobbs) as he threatens a nude Bald Lady (Helina Hamilton). Wielding machetes, it looks as if the Droog is about to decapitate the lady, but she suddenly disappears into the fog that saturates the shoot. Next up is a leather-clad Rapist (Mark Bonnet) who rides his bike past an equally leather-clad Motorbike Girl (Brenda Knowles). The girl pulls out a knife and cuts the man as he rides past, and he falls off his bike, apparently dead. But when the girl goes over to check the body, the man comes alive, strips the girl and rapes her, mauling her breasts with his blood-stained hands. Then Gerard is told to find a new girl whose freshness will rejuvenate the pages of the magazine - a look for the new century, and to top it off they're running out of time for this new look. Luckily Gerard meets Niki (Kylie Foster), a nice girl who works in an antique shop - it's history, she says, and it gives her a sense of belonging. Other photo shoots follow - after an artistic encounter between aluminium foil wrapped models and shattered glass, Gerard shoots the models taking off their make-up (and inevitably their clothes) - but eventually Niki converts Gerard - with the help of her feminine underwear - to the notion of love, and a life away from his cruel work for Central ... At story's end, Gerard is demoted to D sector to photograph animals, and the young, defiant lovers stand together at Light's Vision in Adelaide, as they devote themselves to each other ... Production The script was written by Michael Ralph and Robert Fogden. Both were art directors on this film. Tony Paterson, who was the director on the film, had previously worked as an editor, and Greg Lynch expressed full confidence in him in the March-April 1981 edition of Cinema Papers: "I have known Tony Paterson for quite a while, and to me he is the best editor in the business. In fact, most of the films that come into this country that are cut, restructured or edited to suit the local market are done by Tony. He is absolutely brilliant. So, while we took a punt on Tony, I believed he coud do the job. It is hard to explain, because in our business you get gut feelings about people ..." Producer Wayne Groom said they "want to find an unknown girl" for the lead "and make her a star." The movie was shot in Adelaide at the South Australian Film Corporation's studios. Filming began in September 1980. Centrespread also claimed to be the first Australian feature film to be shot on super 16mm and blown up to 35 mm for theatrical release. This format would later become popular in Australia in the 1980s for low budget features, as the additional frame area helped with picture quality, and avoided the perceived curse of a film being labelled as 16mm rather than 35mm (such films were usually presented as 35mm shows, with mention of 16mm muted or altogether forgotten). Fred Harden in an article on new products and processes for Cinema Papers' January-February 1982 edition explained it this way: "The Aaton has a Super 16 option incorporated in the initial camera design. In under an hour, with replacement of the aperture plate, viewing screen and changing the optical centre of the lens, the camera is converted from standard 16mm to Super 16. The ready availability of this camera and the required conversion of equipment being made by laboratories to handle and print Super 16 has led to Atlab's recent high quality 16mm to 35 mm blow-up of the first Australian Super 16 feature, Centrespread. Already four new features and six documentaries have been announced as shooting in the Super 16 format this year." Tony Paterson was exceptionally pleased with the results of the new format, as he explained to Fred Harden in Cinema Papers' January-February 1982 edition: "Shooting Super 16mm is much more controllable than when we used 16mm on Mouth to Mouth, for instance. The framing on that was a bit of a guess because we didn't have a scribed viewfinder. No one, even at the projection stage, really knew where the top of the frame was. I got to be able to work it out by putting Academy leader in the gate and remembering the cut off. On Centrespread, we used up to a No. 3 diffusion filter because we wanted to cut down on the contrast. By comparison, ther are parts of Mouth to Mouth that are actually too sharp. They are too clear and too bright. I suppose it is contrast, but they just look too sharp. There should have been a little more atmosphere so one's brain could imagine what it is seeing a little bit. On Centrespread, though, there were no problems: it was there every time. It was just like cutting a 35mm film: your eye does the same scan across the frame ... Geoff Simpson had just bought it (an Aaton camera). Other than a blow-out on the first day on the first 400-ft roll, where everyone pointed fingers at each other, the camera shot rock steady from the first foot. It is an excellent machine ..." Paterson enjoyed working with 16mm both on the shoot and in editing: "When we shot Centrespread in South Australia, we modified a Bauer. It was an arc, I think, and a massive light source, so there was no trouble re-centring the light. It looked quite spectacular on the screen because the last thing I did there was The Survivor and that was in 'Panawank' and it was shot under low-light levels because it was mostly a night shoot. My experience of looking at those rushes, and then six weeks later going back to see the Centrespread material that was fully lit and crisp, was that you wouldn't believe Centrespread was 16mm. Both were shot well, but your eye gets hungry on the big screen after a while. It is all right when it's cut, but looking at hours and hours of rushes of dark images you start suffering from color starvation. The Super 16 looked great by comparison ..." Reception The film was released in 1981. David Stratton described the film as "atrocious". Most reviews were poor. References External links Centrespread at Oz Movies 1981 films Australian science fiction films Films set in South Australia 1980s English-language films Australian exploitation films 1980s Australian films

L’Aumône Abbey (, ; also known as , ) is a former Cistercian monastery in the commune of La Colombe, Loir-et-Cher, France, 34 kilometres north of Blois in the Forêt de Cîteaux, part of the Forêt de Marchenoir. History The abbey was founded in 1121, thanks to a gift from Count Theobald IV of Blois, as the seventh daughter house of Cîteaux Abbey. It became the mother house of 29 abbeys, including Waverley Abbey in England (the first Cistercian foundation in the British Isles), Bégard Abbey, Tintern Abbey, Langonnet Abbey and Le Landais Abbey. The abbey suffered greatly during the Hundred Years' War and by 1396 lay mostly in ruins. The subsequent reconstruction and the introduction of commendatory abbots proved a serious burden. The abbey was suppressed in 1791 during the French Revolution. The land was sold in 1818 and the debris from the ruins was used as building material. Buildings Of the mediaeval structures there survive a 13th-century dovecote, two 15th-century buildings and a piece of the church wall. Some fragments of the cloister are in the museum in Blois. References Sources Bernard Peugniez, 2001: Routier cistercien. Abbayes et sites. France, Belgique, Luxembourg, Suisse (new enlarged edition), p. 108 . Moisenay: Éditions Gaud. External links Abbaye Notre-Dame de l'Aumône Certosa di Firenze website Cister.net Cistercian monasteries in France Buildings and structures in Loir-et-Cher 1121 establishments in Europe 1120s establishments in France Christian monasteries established in the 12th century

Fan Yang-shang (; born 21 October 1937) is a Taiwanese politician. Fan attended the Taipei campus of National Chung Hsing University, where he earned a bachelor's degree in sociology. He pursued graduate study in the same subject at Waseda University. Fan worked as a consultant for the World Hakka Federation and was also the director of the Greater New York Hakka Association. In his return to Taiwan, Fan was successively appointed to the Overseas Chinese Affairs Commission, elected to the second National Assembly, and served on the Legislative Yuan from 1999 to 2002. While a member of the Legislative Yuan, Fan represented Overseas Chinese on behalf of the Kuomintang, and served as convenor of the Foreign Affairs Committee. References 1937 births Living people Taiwanese politicians of Hakka descent Members of the 4th Legislative Yuan Party List Members of the Legislative Yuan Waseda University alumni Taiwanese expatriates in Japan Taiwanese expatriates in the United States National Taipei University alumni

Communist Struggle (Marxist–Leninist) (Lutte Communiste (Marxiste-Leniniste)) was a minor communist group in Belgium, existing in the end of the 1970s. It published the magazine Lutte Communiste. The organisation emerged from the students movement in Liège in 1972. In December 1978 it merged with the Marxist-Leninist Communist Party of Belgium, but by that time most of its members had deserted. References Defunct communist parties in Belgium Political parties established in 1972 1972 establishments in Belgium Political parties disestablished in 1978 1978 disestablishments in Belgium

Steyskalina picta is a species of fly in the family Sciomyzidae which lives in the Orient. References Sciomyzidae Insects described in 1999 Diptera of Asia

Irene Bayer-Hecht (1898-1991) was an American born photographer involved in the Bauhaus movement. Her photographs "feature experimental approaches and candid views of life at the Bauhaus." Biography Irene Hecht was born in Chicago in 1898. From 1920 to 1923 she studied at the Academy of Fine Arts, Berlin before acting as guest auditor at the Weimar State Bauhaus, Sorbonne and École de Beaux-Arts, Paris. In 1923, whilst attending the first large exhibition presented by the Bauhaus, she met Herbert Bayer and, through this connection, was able to attend the Bauhaus’s Vorkurs (foundation course, informally) without officially being enrolled as a student. At the same time, Hecht attended the Academy of Graphic Arts and Book Publishing in Leipzig, Germany. Hecht married Herbert Bayer in 1925 and in 1926 they moved to the Bauhaus in Dessau. The two separated in 1928 and, although they did not divorce until 1944, had a daughter (Julia Alexandra) together in 1929. Following her move to Berlin in 1928, Hecht's work was shown in the 'Film und Foto' Werkbund exhibition in Stuttgart. In 1938 Bayer-Hecht returned to the United States due to the political implications of her Jewish origins in Germany at this time. Hecht ceased her photography and began working as a translator for the American military authorities in Munich. She returned to Europe from 1945–1947 to work as the chief of the American Photo Section in Munich before returning to California in 1947. Photography Hecht both took her own photographs and used her technical skill in photography to support Bayer in his work. Hecht's work primarily focused on people, taking the form of both portraits and formal studies. Her photographs were included in the Bauhaus exhibition Film und Foto, in 1929 and her work featured in the Thomas Walter Collection (1909-1949) that was exhibited at the Museum of Modern Art in New York City in 2014–2015. Bayer-Hecht's work is included in the collections of the Museum of Modern Art, New York, the Getty Museum, and the National Gallery of Canada. References Photographers from Chicago 20th-century American women artists 20th-century American photographers 1898 births 1991 deaths American expatriates in France 20th-century American women photographers

The Occitan Valleys (; ; ; ; ) are the part of Occitania (the territory of the Occitan language) within the borders of Italy. It is a mountainous region in the southern Alps. Most of its valleys are oriented eastward and descend toward the plains of Piedmont. The area has a population of inhabitants (July, 2013). Its major towns are Lo Borg Sant Dalmatz (Borgo San Dalmazzo), Buscha (Busca), Boves (Bueves) and Draonier (Dronero). The Occitan linguistic enclave of La Gàrdia (Guardia Piemontese) in Calabria does not belong to the Occitan Valleys. A 1999 Italian law ("Law 482") provides for the protection of linguistic minorities, including Occitan. Communities with clear Occitan presence before the 482/99 Act These are the villages where an autochthonous Provençal-speaking community has surely settled and may still speak the language. Around 35% of the population (stats by Enrico Allasino, IRES 2005 and IRES Piemonte no.113/2007) declared to be able to speak or understand the local Provençal language, with various levels of proficiency. Italian and Piedmontese are spoken by the majority of the people in the area, and the patois is much influenced by both the other two languages. {| class="wikitable" |- ! Val d'Ors !! Upper Susa Valley |- | Bardonescha || Bardonecchia |- | Cesana || Cesana Torinese |- | Chaumont || Chiomonte |- | Las Clavieras || Claviere |- | Exilhas || Exilles |- | Ols or Ors || Oulx |- | Salbertrand || Salbertrand |- | Lo Grand Sauze || Sauze di Cesana |- | Lo Sauze (d'Ors) || Sauze d'Oulx |- | La Sestriera || Sestriere |- ! Val Cluson !! Alta Val Chisone |- | Finoistrèlas || Fenestrelle |- | Praamòl || Pramollo |- | Prajalats || Pragelato |- | Lo Rore || Roure |- | Usseaus || Usseaux |- ! Val Sant MartinVal Sopata !! Val Germanasca |- | Pomaret || Pomaretto |- | Massèl || Massello |- | Lo Perier || Perrero |- | Praal || Prali |- | Salsa || Salza di Pinerolo |- ! Val Pèlis !! Val Pellice |- | Angrònha || Angrogna |- | Buèbi || Bobbio Pellice |- | La Tor || Torre Pellice |- | Lo Vialar || Villar Pellice |- ! Val Pò !! Alta Valle Po |- | Ostana || Ostana |- ! Val Varacha || Val Varaita |- | Blins || Bellino |- | Chastèldalfin || Casteldelfino |- | Fraisse || Frassino |- | Lo Mèl || Melle |- | Pont e la Chanal || Pontechianale |- | Sant Pèire || Sampeyre |- | Valmala || Valmala |- | Venascha || Venasca |- ! Val Maira !! Val Maira |- | Acelh || Acceglio |- | Cartinhan || Cartignano |- | Chanuelhas || Canosio |- | Cèlas || Celle di Macra |- | Elva || Elva |- | L'Arma || Macra |- | La Màrmol || Marmora |- | Prats || Prazzo |- | San Dumian || San Damiano Macra |- | Estròp || Stroppo |- ! Val Grana !! Valle Grana |- | Chastèlmanh || Castelmagno |- | Montrós || Monterosso Grana |- | Pradievi || Pradleves |- ! Val d'Estura !! Valle Stura |- | Aison || Aisone |- | L'Argentiera || Argentera |- | Demont || Demonte |- | Pèirapuerc || Pietraporzio |- | La Ròca || Roccasparvera |- | Sambuc || Sambuco |- | Vinai || Vinadio |- ! Val Ges !! Valle Gesso |- | Entraigas || Entracque |- | Roascha || Roaschia |- | Vaudier || Valdieri |- ! Val Vermenanha !! Val Vermenagna |- | Limon || Limone Piemonte |- | Robilant || Robilante |- | Lou Vernant || Vernante |} Communities whose patois community is extinct In these communities, apart from Italian, the most widely spoken language is Piedmontese. In the past, in the lower Val Chisone, Waldensian communities were the major part of the population. Chisone, Pellice and Germanasca Valleys were referred as "Waldensian Valleys" and the local Provençal speech was called "Waldesian language", and it was opposed to the language of the Catholic population which was Piedmontese. The Lower Chisone Valley in the 20th century had a rapid industrial growth, and since then the Waldensian was replaced by Piedmontese in the most bustled villages. In Oncino and Crissolo the local patois disappeared after a dramatic depopulation. Communities claimed to be Occitan since the 482/99 Act These are the communities which are referred as "Occitan" in the text of the 482/99 Act, and by the agency of linguistic safeguard Chambra d'Oc, even if there was no previous source which supported this appellation. All these villages and towns lack the historical rootedness of the linguistic minority, because no linguist noticed any Occitan presence before the law. In these cases the Provençal translation of the place name doesn't exist, or it's an exonym used by the patoisants'' of the upper valleys to indicate the lower valley settlements, or it is the transliteration in Occitan orthography of the Piedmontese/Ligurian toponym. See also Baìo Occitan folk music John Charles Beckwith Luserna San Giovanni Val Pellice References Valleys of Italy . Valleys of the Alps Valleys of Piedmont Landforms of Liguria Metropolitan City of Turin Province of Cuneo Geographical, historical and cultural regions of Italy Geographical, historical and cultural regions of Piedmont

Montamisé () is a commune in the Vienne department in the Nouvelle-Aquitaine region in western France. Population See also Communes of the Vienne department References Communes of Vienne

Mars were an American, New York City-based no wave experimental noise rock band, formed in 1975 when China Burg (née Constance Burg; a.k.a. Lucy Hamilton) (guitar, vocals) and artist Nancy Arlen (drums) brought Mark Cunningham (bass) and vocalist Sumner Crane together to talk about music. They were joined briefly by guitarist Rudolph Grey. The band played one live gig under the name China before changing it to Mars. They played a mixture of angular compositions and freeform noise music jams, featuring surrealist lyrics and non-standard drumming. All the members were said to be completely untrained in music before forming the band. History Mars played live about two dozen times, all in Manhattan. Their first show was at CBGB's in January 1977; their last one was at Max's Kansas City on December 10, 1978. Their recorded debut was the 3-E/ 11,000 Volts 7-inch single was recorded and mixed by Jay Dee Daugherty and Brooke Delarco under the direction of Lenny Kaye and later released by Rebel Records/ ZE Records. The group then released a single live EP in 1979 or 1980, though they had broken up in 1978. Both recordings were compiled by Lydia Lunch's self-run label, Widowspeak Records, in 1986, as 78; the songs were slightly remixed and tweaked by Jim Thirlwell (a.k.a. Foetus). It was reissued by Atavistic Records on CD in 1996 as 78+. In 1978, Mars appeared on the influential No New York compilation LP produced by Brian Eno, along with DNA, Teenage Jesus and the Jerks, and James Chance and the Contortions, which helped to bring the nascent No Wave genre into the foreground. An All Music reviewer wrote of their contributions: "Mars creates interesting music out of apparent chaos; the vocals are babbled and the guitars, bass and drums sound like they're weaving in and out of the song while going in several different directions at once, yet the band is oddly compelling in its crazed, cacophonous way." Post-breakup In 1985, China Burg collaborated with Lunch on the album The Drowning of Lucy Hamilton. Due to complaints about Thirlwell's modifications on 78/78+, the full studio recordings of Mars (totaling about 30 minutes) surfaced in 2003 on the Spanish labels G3G and Spookysound. Cunningham ran both Hyrax Records and Spookysound Records. (To clarify: 78, 78+, and Mars LP: The Complete Studio Recordings, NYC 1977–1978 all feature essentially the same half-hour batch of music, but with very slight auditory differences.) After the breakup of Mars, Cunningham was part of the bizarre John Gavanti "no wave opera" project with Crane, Arto Lindsay, and others. He has also worked with the band Don King, and with his current outfit, Convolution. The MARS EP, on Charles Ball’s Lust/Unlust label, was recorded in December 1978 in one live session and was the last time the band played together. The songs included on the EP were: N.N. End, Scorn, Outside Africa, Monopoly and Immediate Stages of the Erotic. Crane died of lymphoma on April 15, 2003. Arlen died on September 17, 2006, following heart surgery. Discography "3-E" (b/w "11,000 Volts") – 7", 1978 (Rebel Records, RB 7802) (later released as a 12" on ZE) No New York – LP, 1978 (Antilles/ Island) (split compilation with three other bands) Mars – 12" EP (live), 1979 or 1980 (Lust/Unlust/Infidelity) John Gavanti – LP, 1980 (Hyrax) (CD reissue on Atavistic) (featured Crane, Cunningham, Berg) 78 – LP, 1986 (Widowspeak) Live Mars 77–78 – CD, 1995 (DSA) (France) 78+ – CD, 1996 (Atavistic) Mars LP: The Complete Studio Recordings, NYC 1977–1978 – CD, 2003 (G3G/Spookysound) (Spain; limited edition) (later released on LP by Important) (reissued by No More in 2008) Live at Artists Space – LP (live), 2011 (recorded May 6, 1978) (Feeding Tube/Negative Glam) Live at Irving Plaza – LP (live), 2012 (recorded August 4, 1978) (Feeding Tube/Negative Glam) Rehearsal Tapes and Alt-Takes NYC 1976–1978 – 3-cassette box set, 2012 (recorded between Summer of 1976 and November 1978) (Anòmia; limited edition) References Notes Bibliography External links How Mark Cunningham Blitzed the Bowery With No Wave Icons Mars (Observer, 2017) LIFE ON MARS: The Surviving Members of the Earliest NO WAVE band Talk Muggings, Warhol, and 1977 an interview with Mark Cunningham Interview with live gig recollections Clocktower - Radio Mars is the second track on Clocktower's Colab Vinyl Mix (aired 5/9/16) No wave groups American experimental musical groups Musical groups established in 1975 Musical groups disestablished in 1978 ZE Records artists Musical groups from New York City American experimental rock groups American noise rock music groups American post-punk music groups Rebel Records artists Musical quartets from New York (state) Atavistic Records artists

Wilmington High School may refer to: Wilmington High School (Delaware), former high school in Wilmington, Delaware Wilmington High School (Illinois), in Wilmington, Will County, Illinois Gardner-South Wilmington Township High School, in Gardner, Illinois Wilmington High School (Massachusetts), in Wilmington, Massachusetts Wilmington High School (Ohio), in Wilmington, Ohio Wilmington Area High School, New Wilmington, Pennsylvania Wilmington High School (Vermont), in Wilmington, Vermont See also Wilmington Grammar School for Boys in Dartford, Kent Wilmington Grammar School for Girls in Dartford, Kent Wilmington Hall High School in Dartford, Kent

The Reform Party of the United States of America (RPUSA), generally known as the Reform Party USA or the Reform Party, is a centrist political party in the United States, founded in 1995 by Ross Perot. Perot believed Americans were disillusioned with the state of politics as being corrupt and unable to deal with vital issues. After he received 18.9 percent of the popular vote as an independent candidate in the 1992 presidential election, he founded the Reform Party and presented it as a viable alternative to Republicans and Democrats. As the Reform Party presidential nominee, Perot won 8.4 percent of the popular vote in the 1996 presidential election. Although he did not receive a single electoral vote, no other third-party or independent candidate has since managed to receive as high a share of the popular vote. The party has nominated other presidential candidates over the years, including Pat Buchanan and Ralph Nader. Its most significant victory came when Jesse Ventura was elected Governor of Minnesota in 1998, although he left the party shortly into his term. Donald Trump was a member of the Reform Party during his brief 2000 presidential campaign. In around the year 2000, party infighting and scandals led to a major decline in the party's strength. Beginning with Buchanan's poor showing in the 2000 election, no Reform Party presidential nominee since 1996 has been able to gather 1 percent of the popular vote. The Ross Perot movement Ross Perot's 1992 presidential election campaign The party grew out of Ross Perot's efforts in the 1992 presidential election, where—running as an independent—he became the first non-major party candidate since 1912 to have been considered viable enough to win the presidency. Perot received attention for focusing on fiscal issues such as the federal deficit and national debt; government reform issues such as term limits, campaign finance reform, and lobbying reform; and issues on trade. A large part of his following was grounded in the belief he was addressing vital problems largely ignored by the two major parties. A Gallup poll showed Perot with a slim lead; however, on July 19, he suspended his campaign, accusing Republican operatives of threatening to sabotage his daughter's wedding. He was accused by Newsweek of being a "quitter" in a well-publicized cover-page article. After resuming his campaign on October 1, Perot was dogged by the "quitter" moniker and other allegations concerning his character. On Election Day, many voters were confused as to whether Perot was actually still a candidate. He ended up receiving about 18.9 percent of the popular vote, a record level of popularity not seen in an independent candidate since former President Theodore Roosevelt ran on the "Bull Moose" Progressive Party ticket in 1912. He continued being politically involved after the election, turning his campaign organization (United We Stand America) into a lobbying group. One of his primary goals was the defeat of the North American Free Trade Agreement during this period. Foundation and rise of the party In 1995, Republicans took control of the House of Representatives, largely on the strength of the "Contract with America", which recognized and promised to deal with many of the issues Perot's voters had mobilized to support in 1992. However, two of the major provisions (Constitutional amendments for term limits and the balanced budgets) failed to secure the two-thirds congressional majorities required to be submitted to the states. Dissatisfied, the grassroots organizations that had made Perot's 1992 candidacy possible began to band together to found a third party intended to rival the Republicans and Democrats. For legal reasons, the party ended up being called the "Reform Party" ("Independent Party" was preferred, but already taken, as were several variants on the name). A drive to get the party on the ballot in all fifty states succeeded, although it ended with lawsuits in some regions over state ballot access requirements. In a few areas, minor parties became incorporated as state party organizations. Apex: 1996 presidential election Nomination campaign At first, when the 1996 election season arrived, Perot held off from entering the contest for the Reform Party's presidential nomination, calling for others to try for the ticket. The only person who announced such an intention was Dick Lamm, former Governor of Colorado. After the Federal Election Commission indicated only Perot and not Lamm would be able to secure federal matching funds—because his 1992 campaign was as an independent—Perot entered the race. Some were upset that Perot changed his mind because, in their view, Perot overshadowed Lamm's run for the party nomination. This built up to the beginning of a splinter within the movement, when it was alleged certain problems in the primary process—such as many Lamm supporters not receiving ballots, and some primary voters receiving multiple ballots—were Perot's doing. The Reform Party claimed these problems stemmed from the petition process for getting the Reform Party on the ballot in all of the states since the party claimed they used the names and addresses of petition signers as the basis of who received ballots. Primary ballots were sent by mail to designated voters. Eventually, Perot was nominated for president and he chose economist Pat Choate as his vice presidential running mate. The results of the party's presidential primary were: Perot 32,145, Lamm 17,121. Exclusion from the debates Between 1992 and 1996, the Commission on Presidential Debates changed its rules regarding how candidates could qualify to participate in the presidential debates. As Perot had previously done very well in debates, it was a decisive blow to the campaign when the Commission ruled that he could not participate on the basis of somewhat vague criteria — such as that a candidate was required to have already been endorsed by "a substantial number of major news organizations," with "substantial" being a number to be decided by the commission on a case-by-case basis. Perot could not have qualified for the debates in 1992 under these rules, and was able to show that various famous U.S. presidents would likewise have been excluded from the modern debate by the Commission on Presidential Debates. Despite legal action by the Perot team, and an 80 percent majority of Americans supporting his participation in the debates, the Commission refused to budge and Perot was reduced to making his points heard via a series of half-hour "commercials". In the end, Perot and Choate won 8 percent of the vote. Plateau and decline 1997 By October 1997, factional disputes began to emerge with the departure of a group that believed Perot had rigged the 1996 party primary to defeat Lamm. These individuals eventually established the "American Reform Party" (ARP). The ARP is actually a minor political action committee. Then chairman, Roy Downing, said the split came about when it was "...discovered [that the Reform Party] was a top-down party instead of a bottom-up organization." Although members of the group attempted to persuade former Colorado Governor Dick Lamm – Perot's chief rival for the nomination – to run for president as an Independent, he declined, pointing out that he had promised before running that he would not challenge the party's decision. During this time, Perot himself chose to concentrate on lobbying efforts through United We Stand America. American Reform Party When the ARP was founded, Jackie Salit noted in the Christian Science Monitor: "At its founding meeting in Kansas City in 1997, the 40 black delegates in the room, led by the country’s foremost African-American independent – Lenora Fulani – represented the first time in US history that African-Americans were present at the founding of a major national political party." The ARP has yet to organize in more than a few states. In the 2000, 2004, and 2008 elections, the American Reform Party supported Ralph Nader for president. The ARP is not a political party in the conventional sense. It does not have ballot access in any state, and it does not run candidates. It supports third-party candidates and independents who support the primary principles of the Party's platform. About 2010–2011, the party shifted from a relatively centrist platform to a Tea Party-style fiscal conservative one. In the 2012 presidential election, the ARP endorsed Republican Party nominee Mitt Romney against incumbent president Barack Obama. In the 2016 presidential election, the Party endorsed the Republican candidate Donald Trump. Affiliates In New York State, the Integrity Party is an ARP affiliate. The group, led by Darren Johnson, used the state's fusion election system in cross-endorsing a Democratic sheriff candidate, Vincent Demarco, in Suffolk County, helping him narrowly win the election. The party had also run a host of other candidates and attempted to go statewide in 2006, fielding Phoebe Legere as a candidate in the 2006 New York gubernatorial election. Legere and the party did not qualify for the November ballot. The Reform Party of Northern Mariana Islands is an affiliate of the ARP. Mid-term elections of 1998 In 1998, the Reform Party received a boost when Jesse Ventura was elected Governor of Minnesota. According to the League of Women Voters, the Reform Party USA obtained more votes nationwide in 1998 than did any other third party in America (without those garnered by Ventura). Counting Ventura's performance, Reformers took in more votes than all other third parties in the United States combined, establishing the Reform Party as America's third-largest party. 2000 presidential election The Reform Party's presidential nominee for the 2000 election was due federal matching funds of $12.5 million (~$ in ), based on Perot's 8 percent showing in 1996. Early on, there was a failed effort to draft Ron Paul. Donald Trump entered the race briefly, giving television interviews outlining his platform. Trump was progressive on social issues, and supported allowing openly gay soldiers in the military, saying: "it would not disturb me". Trump considered himself a conservative, but criticized Pat Buchanan, saying: "I'm on the conservative side, but Buchanan is Attila the Hun." He withdrew from the race citing the party's infighting, as did Jesse Ventura and the Minnesota Reform Party. Donald Trump stated: "So the Reform Party now includes a Klansman, Mr. Duke, a neo-Nazi, Mr. Buchanan, and a communist, Ms. Fulani. This is not company I wish to keep." "Mr. Duke" was a reference to David Duke, a former Grand Wizard of the Knights of the Ku Klux Klan. Pat Buchanan decided to leave the Republican Party because: "The Republican Party at the national level has ceased to be my party. This divorce began around the end of the Cold War when President (George) Bush declared it to be a New World-order party and began intervening all over the world. While he and I were allies and friends during the Cold War, I just felt that once the Cold War was over the United States should return to a more traditional non-intervention foreign policy." After a bitter fight, Pat Buchanan secured the Reform Party's presidential nomination over John Hagelin of the Natural Law Party. Hagelin and an anti-Buchanan faction walked out and held a separate convention across the street, where they nominated Hagelin as the party's presidential candidate. The dispute went to the courts and the FEC decided that Buchanan was the legitimate nominee and awarded him $12.6 million in campaign funds. Buchanan's vice presidential running mate was Ezola B. Foster. Buchanan got 449,225 votes, 0.4 percent of those voting, and the party lost its matching funds for 2004. In 2002, Buchanan returned to the Republican Party. 2004 presidential election By the October 2003 National Convention, the Reform Party had only begun rebuilding, but several former state organizations had elected to rejoin now that the interference from the Freedom Parties was gone. They increased their ranks from 24 to 30 states and managed to retrieve ballot access for seven of them. (Buchanan's poor showing in 2000 had lost ballot access for almost the entire party.) Because of organizational and financial problems in the party, it opted to support the independent campaign of Ralph Nader as the best option for an independent of any stripe that year. While the endorsement generated publicity for Nader and the Reform Party, the party was only able to provide Nader with seven ballot lines down from the 49 of 51 guaranteed ballot lines the party had going into the 2000 election. Collapse Activities of the party in 2005 In 2005, a dispute arose: the number of National Committee members required under the party's by-laws to call meetings of the National Committee, and the executive committee did so. These members came from several states including Texas, Michigan, and Florida. At both meetings, it was determined that a national convention would be called and held in Tampa, Florida. The chairman at the time and National Committee members from Arizona, California, and Oklahoma boycotted the National and executive committee meetings, claiming the meetings were illegitimate. As a result, those states held a second convention in Yuma, Arizona. In response to a suit filed by the group that met in Tampa, leaders of the Reform Party filed a Racketeer Influenced and Corrupt Organizations Act (RICO) complaint claiming the Tampa group were extremists and guilty of conspiracy. 2006 candidates In 2006, the Reform Party nominated candidates in Arizona, and petitioned to regain ballot access in several other states where state Reform Party organizations were active. The Reform Party of Kansas nominated a slate of candidates, led by Iraq War veteran Richard Ranzau. In Colorado's 4th congressional district, "fiscal conservative" Eric Eidsness (a former assistant U.S. Environmental Protection Agency administrator and Navy veteran) ran on the Reform Party ticket. He received 11.28 percent of the vote, five times the winning candidate's margin of victory; he later switched his affiliation to the Democratic Party. The Florida Reform Party granted use of its ballot line for governor to Max Linn of Florida Citizens for Term Limits (a Republican-leaning organization) in the 2006 Florida gubernatorial election. Linn retained professional campaign staff with connections to the Perot and Ventura campaigns, but received only 1.9 percent of the vote. By March 2007, the Reform Party had ballot access for the 2008 presidential election in four states (Florida, Kansas, Louisiana, Mississippi) and had already started petitioning in an additional four. 2008 National Convention The Reform Party held its 2008 National Convention in Dallas, July 18–20. At the national convention, Ted Weill of Mississippi was nominated to be the party's 2008 presidential candidate. Frank McEnulty of California, the 2008 presidential candidate of the New American Independent Party, was nominated to be the party's 2008 vice-presidential candidate. David Collison of Texas was elected national chairman of the party. However, the party could not announce the results of the national convention on its web site until October because of a court order obtained by a dissident faction associated with the Independence Party of New York. Therefore, the Weill/McEnulty ticket appeared on the ballot only in Mississippi, in which it received 481 votes. An erroneous news report was broadcast by ABC News that stated the party had endorsed John McCain. Frank MacKay of the dissident Independence Party of New York faction had made the endorsement, not the Reform Party USA. Reform Party USA Reference David Collison, the Reform Party's chairman, said during a 2009 interview, "Do you believe that any legitimate national party would endorse the Republican candidate for President rather than have a candidate of their own?" The candidates for the nomination included: Alan Keyes, a former diplomat and Republican candidate Frank McEnulty who eventually became the vice presidential nominee Ted Weill, an activist from Mississippi who eventually became the presidential nominee Daniel Imperato, who later joined the Libertarian Party Gene Chapman, a blogger from Denton, Texas 2009 legal action A long-standing feud in the party involved John Blare, of the Reform Party of California, and the Reform Party officers. On December 4, 2009, a New York Federal judge heard MacKay v Crews on the question of who are the legal Reform Party officers. On December 16, 2009, the judge ruled in favor of David Collison's faction. Collison said: "After over two years of litigation in Texas and New York, it is my profound pleasure to announce that US District Court Judge Joseph Bianco of the Eastern District of New York has ruled in our favor, and has further reinforced the 2008 ruling of Judge Carl Ginsberg of the 193rd District Court in Texas." 2010 In January 2010, Central Intelligence Agency (CIA) operations officer Charles S. Faddis announced his support of the party in The Baltimore Sun: "I have decided to throw in my lot with the Reform Party of the United States." Faddis later left the party, and ran in 2016 for Maryland's 5th congressional district as a Republican. In February 2010, former Reform Party Chairman Pat Choate emerged to discuss the appeal of the Tea Party movement, contrasting it with Ross Perot's party, saying: "The difference with the Tea Party is it's been heavily pushed by a bunch of talk-show conservatives. You have the Republican Party attempting to use this as a means to pull independents or conservative independents to their policies, to their agenda." In February, Congressional candidates filed to run as Reform Party candidates in all four of Mississippi's congressional districts, but none for any statewide offices. Among these were Barbara Dale Washer, Tracella Lou O'Hara Hill, and Anna Jewel Revies. In April 2010, former Vice President Dan Quayle condemned the Reform Party on CBS, saying: "Many remember the Reform Party of the 1990s, which formed around the candidacy of Ross Perot. I sure do, because it eliminated any chance that President George H.W. Bush and I would prevail over Bill Clinton and Al Gore in 1992. Speaking on behalf of the Bush-Quayle campaign, to this day we firmly believe that Perot cost the Republican Party the White House." Pat Choate in an April 28, 2010 interview with Monmouth University's student newspaper remained suspicious of the Tea Party movement, saying: "At these [Tea Party] events, a professional Republican always speaks. What to me is questionable is that the Tea Parties endorse candidates, but never endorse Democrats—they seem to be a front for the Republican Party. We were seen as very serious. Perot gave millions, we fielded candidates, and we were a real threat to the status quo. The media treats the Tea Parties as a sign of dissatisfaction, and views them skeptically." Kristin M. Davis, the Manhattan madam involved in the Eliot Spitzer scandal, announced on June 27, 2010, that she was running for governor on an independent line in New York State using the name, Reform Party without Reform Party authorization after failing to secure the Libertarian Party nomination. Davis condemned the Democrats and Republicans for catering to wealthy white males, saying: "Where are the women, the Hispanics, the African-Americans, and the gay people? We must reject their tired old thinking...." On June 29, 2010, Reform Party National Committee chairman David Collison delivered Davis a cease-and-desist notice demanding that she immediately change the name under which she was seeking to run for governor. Davis made no attempt to obtain permission to run as an official Reform Party candidate, and therefore withdrew her use of the Reform Party name. Davis was not a member of the Reform Party. Davis changed her Independent Ballot Line name and filed as an independent candidate by obtaining the required signatures needed in New York State to run for governor on the "Anti-Prohibition" line. 2012 presidential election The Reform Party held its 2012 National Convention in Philadelphia, August 11–12, 2012. At the national convention, the Reform Party nominated Andre Barnett from New York for president and Ken Cross from Arkansas for vice president. Among those who sought the presidential nomination before dropping out several months prior to the convention were former Savannah State University football coach Robby Wells, economist Laurence Kotlikoff, historian Darcy Richardson, and former Louisiana Governor Buddy Roemer. 2016 presidential election The Reform Party co-nominated the American Delta Party's presidential and vice-presidential candidates Rocky de la Fuente and Michael Steinberg as their 2016 presidential ticket. However, in 2016, De La Fuente ran as a Democrat in the presidential and U.S. Senate primaries too. 2020 presidential election On June 20, 2020, during a virtual convention, the Reform Party again nominated Rocky de la Fuente for president. De la Fuente defeated three other recognized candidates, Max Abramson, Souraya Faas, and Ben Zion (formerly the nominee for the Transhumanist Party). Darcy Richardson from Florida was nominated for vice president. Best results in major races Presidential tickets Platform The Reform Party platform includes the following: Maintaining a balanced budget, ensured by passing a Balanced Budget Amendment and changing budgeting practices, and paying down the federal debt Campaign finance reform, including strict limits on campaign contributions and the outlawing of political action committees Enforcement of existing immigration laws and opposition to illegal immigration Opposition to free trade agreements like the North American Free Trade Agreement and Central America Free Trade Agreement, and a call for withdrawal from the World Trade Organization Term limits on U.S. Representatives and Senators Direct election of the United States President by popular vote and other election system reforms Federal elections held on weekends or Election Day (on a Tuesday) made a national holiday A noticeable absence from the Reform Party platform has been social issues, including abortion and gay rights. Reform Party representatives had long stated beliefs that their party could bring together people from both sides of these issues, which they consider divisive, to address what they considered to be more vital concerns as expressed in their platform. The idea was to form a large coalition of moderates; that intention was overridden in 2001 by the Buchanan takeover which rewrote the RPUSA Constitution to include platform planks opposed to any form of abortion. The Buchananists, in turn, were overridden by the 2002 Convention which reverted the Constitution to its 1996 version and the party's original stated goals. Active state affiliates The party's active state affiliates are: Reform Party of California Reform Party of Montana Reform Party of New Jersey (reorganized in 2010) Reform Party of North Carolina Reform Party of New York State Reform Party of Tennessee Reform Party of Texas Reform Party of Virginia Reform Party of Wisconsin Reform Party of Florida See also Absentee ballot Forward Party No Labels Write-in candidate References Further reading Green, John C., and William Binning. "Surviving Perot: The origins and future of the Reform Party." in Multiparty Politics in America (1997): 87–102. Herron, Michael, and Jeffrey Lewis. "Did Ralph Nader spoil a Gore presidency? A ballot-level study of Green and Reform Party voters in the 2000 presidential election." Quarterly Journal of Political Science 2.3 (2007): 205–226. online Jelen, Ted G., ed. Ross for boss: The Perot phenomenon and beyond (SUNY Press, 2001). Owen, Diana, and Jack Dennis. "Anti‐partyism in the USA and support for Ross Perot." European Journal of Political Research 29.3 (1996): 383–400. Rapoport, Ronald B., and Walter J. Stone. Three's a crowd: The dynamic of third parties, Ross Perot, and Republican resurgence (U of Michigan Press, 2008). Stone, Walter J., Ronald B. Rapoport, and Monique B. Schneider. "Party Members in a Three-Party Election: Major-Party and Reform Activism in the 1996 American Presidential Election." Party Politics 10.4 (2004): 445–469. Stone, Walter J., et al. "The Activist Base of the Reform Party in 1996: Problems and Prospects." in The State of the Parties: The Changing Role of Contemporary American Parties (1999): 190–211. External links American Reform Party 1995 establishments in the United States Centrist political parties in the United States Nationalist parties in the United States Pat Buchanan Political career of Donald Trump Political parties established in 1995 Political parties in the United States Ralph Nader Ross Perot

William M. McCarty (May 15, 1859 – December 19, 1918) was a justice of the Utah Supreme Court from 1903 to 1918. Born in Alpine, Utah, to James Hardwick McCarty and Lydla Margaret Cragun McCarty, McCarty attended Brigham Young Academy in 1881 and 1882, after finishing the public schools. He began the practice of law early in life, studying law while engaged in the work of driving a wagon freight team between points in Utah and the mines of Nevada. Ploche and Bristol were two of the principal points to which he carried products of the farm for the miners. At night in the camping places, some of which were along the old road in the Escalante desert, McCarty studied his law books while companions played cards or "told yarns". McCarty was assistant United States prosecuting attorney in the Beaver district of the Utah Territory, which included his then home county of Sevier. In 1895 he was elected judge of the Sixth district, which embraced the counties of Sevier, Wayne, Piute, Garfield and Kane. He assumed his office in January, 1896, upon the admission of Utah to statehood. In 1900 he was reelected to the Sixth district bench and had served two years of his four-year term when, in 1902, he was elected to the state supreme court. He was reelected in 1908 and in 1914, the term being for six years and in which he was serving at the time of his death. Had he lived, he would have begun a third term as chief justice the following month, the others having been served from 1906 to 1908 and from 1912 to 1914. He was a Republican in politics. He was a Freemason, being a member of Story Lodge No. 4 of the Free and Accepted Masons of Utah, having been initiated sometime during the year prior to the 1897 Proceedings of that Grand Lodge where he is listed as an Entered Apprentice; he remained an Entered Apprentice through the next year, but is not recorded in the Grand Lodge's Annual Proceedings as having continued through the other two degrees of Masonry. McCarty married Lovina L. Murray, with whom he had four children that survived him. He died at his Salt Lake home, after an illness of several weeks of bronchial pneumonia. References 1859 births 1918 deaths People from Alpine, Utah Brigham Young Academy alumni U.S. state supreme court judges admitted to the practice of law by reading law Justices of the Utah Supreme Court Utah Republicans

is a type of pre-modern Japanese pottery from the Noto Peninsula on the coast of Ishikawa prefecture, in the Hokuriku region of central Japan. History The production of Suzu ware began in the 12th century, at the end of the Heian period (794–1185), although the style is a continuation of Sue ware, which flourished from the much earlier Kofun period. Suzu ware pottery has been found in many locations along the coast of the Sea of Japan as far north as Hokkaido, indicating that it was a common trade good for the coastal commerce. The Muromachi period was a golden age for Suzu ware, but it soon went into decline, and vanished by the time of the Sengoku period, unable to complete with large-scale production in areas such as Tokoname. In recent times, however, production of pottery along those traditional lines has resumed. Suzu ware was fired in tunnel-shaped kilns built into hill slopes, at over 1100 degrees. Upon extinguishing the fire, the furnace opening and the flue were sealed to starve the kiln of oxygen, causing the iron contained in the clay to turn into a characteristic shade of dark gray. No glazing was used, but some works have a natural whitish glaze caused by ash present within the kiln. Suzu ware products were typically made for everyday use, typically storage pots, water jars, or ribbed mortars used for grating food. Suzu city has a museum dedicated to exhibits of Suzu ware with detailed explanations of its history and production process. Suzu Pottery Kiln Sites The is a designated National Historic Site of Japan. covering 12 separate locations in what are now the cities of Suzu and Noto where the ruins of kilns used to make Suzu ware have been found. The sites are distributed over a 15 km east to west, by 20 km north to south region, and contain over 40 kilns and were built between the 12th and 15th centuries. Most are surface kilns, and only the latest couple are completely underground. Items produced included pots, bowls, mortars, sutra containers and Buddhist statues, and water containers. References External links Zuzu city official site https://www.freersackler.si.edu/object/suzu-ware-storage-jar-2/ Japanese pottery Culture in Ishikawa Prefecture Suzu, Ishikawa Noto Province Noto, Ishikawa Historic Sites of Japan Japanese pottery kiln sites

Tomas Maier (born 1957) is a German-born designer. From 2001 to 2018, he served as Creative Director at the Italian brand Bottega Veneta. Early life and training Born in April 1957 in Pforzheim, West Germany, Maier was raised in a family of architects and attended a Waldorf school as a child. From there he headed to Paris, where he trained at the Chambre Syndicale de la Haute Couture. Career Maier's early professional experience includes designing for several fashion and luxury goods houses in France, Italy, and Germany, including Guy Laroche, Sonia Rykiel, where he designed menswear for eight years, and Revillon, where he spent four years as creative director. For nine years, Maier was a women's ready-to-wear designer at Hermès, where he also designed leather goods and accessories. By 1999, he quit his contracts and moved to Florida. Bottega Veneta, 2001–2018 Maier was appointed by Tom Ford to become the Creative Director at Bottega Veneta in June 2001, when the company was acquired by the Gucci Group (which merged with PPR in 2008 and became Kering in 2013). During his time at Bottega Veneta, Maier presided over an expansion of the brand. He presented his first collection, which consisted solely of accessories, in September 2001, a few months after being hired. In the first two years, he oversaw the opening of Bottega Veneta flagship stores in London, Paris, Milan, and New York. He also added a small selection of women's and men's ready-to-wear pieces to the seasonal presentations. Among the product categories that Bottega Veneta now offers, in addition to women's and men's ready-to-wear collections, are accessories, jewellery, furniture, seating, tabletop, desktop, luggage, porcelain, eyewear, fragrance and watches. Maier helped found an artisan school, La Scuola della Pelleteria, in Vicenza in 2006. In addition, St. Regis Hotels in Rome and Florence as well as Park Hyatt Hotel in Chicago offer Bottega Veneta suites. In 2014, Maier and Bottega Veneta partnered with the Japanese publication Casa BRUTUS and launched an initiative to raise awareness of the potential destruction of Modernist buildings in Japan due to economics, politics, and the preparation for the 2020 Summer Olympics. Under Maier's leadership, Bottega Veneta tripled its revenues and exceeded $1 billion for the first time in 2012 before revenues fluctuated in the following years. By 2017, Saint Laurent overtook Bottega Veneta as Kering's second-biggest source of revenue; Kering announced Maier's resignation on 13 June 2018. Tomas Maier Tomas Maier established a swimwear label in 1997 with business partner Andrew Preston, and an online boutique was launched in 1998. Since then, five eponymous stores have opened in Palm Beach, Bal Harbour, East Hampton, and New York City. The collection is sold at over 100 stores in more than 30 countries. On 19 November 2013, Kering announced it was investing in Tomas Maier's own label to "infuse it with the capital needed to ramp up expansion, including the addition of more company-owned boutiques". , the private label generated about $10 million annually from swimwear, knitwear, and jersey. In 2018, Tomas Maier teamed up with Japanese casual wear retailer Uniqlo for a one-time-only resort-focused collection. The Tomas Maier brand was shut down in 2018, definitely ending the cooperation between the designer and Kering. References 1957 births German fashion designers Gucci people High fashion brands Living people Waldorf school alumni

Austrochthonius insularis is a species of pseudoscorpions in the family Chthoniidae. Distribution The species is endemic to the Crozet Islands in the French Southern and Antarctic Lands. Original publication Vitali-di Castri, 1968 : Austrochthonius insularis, nouvelle espèce de pseudoscorpions de l'archipel des Crozet (Heterosphyronida, Chthoniidae). Bulletin du Muséum National d'Histoire Naturelle, Paris, ser. 2, vol. 40, . External links Catalogue of Life : Austrochthonius insularis Vitali-di Castri, 1968 Chthonioidea Chthoniidae Fauna of the Crozet Islands

Natale Conti or Latin Natalis Comes, also Natalis de Comitibus and French Noël le Comte (1520–1582) was an Italian mythographer, poet, humanist and historian. His major work Mythologiae, ten books written in Latin, was first published in Venice in 1567 and became a standard source for classical mythology in later Renaissance Europe. It was reprinted in numerous editions; after 1583, these were appended with a treatise on the Muses by Geoffroi Linocier. By the end of the 17th century, his name was virtually synonymous with mythology: a French dictionary in defining the term mythologie noted that it was the subject written about by Natalis Comes. Conti believed that the ancient poets had meant for their presentations of myths to be read as allegory, and accordingly constructed intricate genealogical associations within which he found layers of meaning. Since Conti was convinced that the lost philosophy of Classical Antiquity could be recovered through understanding these allegories, "The most apocryphical and outlandish versions of classical and pseudo-classical tales," notes Ernst Gombrich, "are here displayed and commented upon as the ultimate esoteric wisdom." Taking a Euhemeristic approach, Conti thought that the characters in myth were idealized human beings, and that the stories contained philosophical insights syncretized through the ages and veiled so that only "initiates" would grasp their true meaning. His interpretations were often shared by other Renaissance writers, notably by Francis Bacon in his long-overlooked De Sapientia Veterum, 1609. In some cases, his interpretation might seem commonplace even in modern mythology: for Conti, the centaur represents "man's dual nature," both animal passions and higher intellectual faculties. Odysseus, for instance, becomes an Everyman whose wanderings represent a universal life cycle: Despite or because of its eccentricities, the Mythologiae inspired the use of myth in various art forms. A second edition, printed in Venice in 1568 and dedicated to Charles IX, like the first edition, was popular in France, where it served as a source for the Ballet comique de la Reine (1581), part of wedding festivities at court. The Ballet was a musical drama with dancing set in an elaborate recreation of the island of Circe. The surviving text associated with the performance presents four allegorical expositions, based explicitly on Comes' work: physical or natural, moral, temporal, and logical or interpretive. The allegorization of myth was criticized during the Romantic era; Benedetto Croce said that medieval and Renaissance literature and art presented only the "impoverished shell of myth." The 16th-century mythological manuals of Conti and others came to be regarded as pedantic and lacking aesthetic or intellectual coherence. Nor were criticisms of Conti confined to later times: Joseph Scaliger, twenty years his junior, called him "an utterly useless man" and advised Setho Calvisio not to use him as a source. Conti, whose family (according to his own statement) originated in Rome, was born in Milan. He described himself as "Venetian" because his working life was spent in Venice. Notes Further reading Natale Conti's Mythologiae, translated and annotated by John Mulryan and Steven Brown, vol. 1-2 (Tempe: Arizona Center for Medieval and Renaissance Studies (ACMRS), 2006) (Medieval and Renaissance Texts and Studies, 316). Natale Conti, Mitología, translation with notes and introduction by Rosa María Iglesias Montiel and Maria Consuelo Álvarez Morán (Universidad de Murcia, 1988). In Spanish. Navigate table of contents to download chapters. Maria Consuelo Álvarez Morán and Rosa María Iglesias Montiel, "Algunas lecturas de textos latinos en la Mythologia de Natalis Comes," Cuadernos de Filología Clásica 20 (1986) 31-39, full text downloadable. Maria Consuelo Álvarez Morán and Rosa María Iglesias Montiel, "Natale Conti, estudioso y transmisor de textos clásicos" in Los humanistas españoles y el humanismo europeo (Murcia, 1990), pp. 33–47. Maria Consuelo Álvarez Morán, Rosa María Iglesias Montiel, "Isacius en la Mythologia de Natalis Comes", Euphrosyne 31 (2003) 395-402. Virgilio Costa, "I frammenti di Filocoro tràditi da Boccaccio e Natale Conti", in E. Lanzillotta (ed.), Ricerche di Antichità e Tradizione Classica (Edizioni TORED, Tivoli [Roma], 2004), pp. 117–147. Virgilio Costa, "Natale Conti e la divulgazione della mitologia classica in Europa tra Cinquecento e Seicento", in E. Lanzillotta (ed.), Ricerche di Antichità e Tradizione Classica (Edizioni TORED, Tivoli [Roma], 2004), pp. 257–311. Virgilio Costa, "«Quum mendaciis fallere soleat». Ancora sui frammenti della storiografia greca tràditi da Natale Conti", in C. Braidotti - E. Dettori - E. Lanzillotta (eds.), οὐ πᾶν ἐφήμερον. Scritti in memoria di Roberto Pretagostini, vol. II (Università di Roma Tor Vergata, 2009), pp. 915–925. Rosa María Iglesias Montiel and Consuelo Álvarez Morán, "Los manuales mitológicos del Renacimiento", Auster 3 (1998). 83-99. Robert Thake, "A largely unexplored account of the Great Siege", Treasures of Malta, Vol XVIII No.1, (Christmas, 2011). External links Images from a 1616 edition 1520 births 1582 deaths Italian male writers Mythographers Italian Renaissance humanists 16th-century Italian writers

Stockbridge Bowl, also known as Lake Mahkeenac, is a artificially impounded body of water that is north of the village of Stockbridge, Massachusetts. Above the lake's north side with sweeping views to the south is Tanglewood, the summer home of the Boston Symphony Orchestra. Geography The Bowl is situated among sloping hills of the Taconic Range to the west and north and the Berkshire Hills to the east. From the north there is an impressive view over the lake and Housatonic River plain to Monument Mountain seven miles to the south. The portion of the Taconic Range bordering the lake is known as Yokun Ridge. The lake is 1 miles long, about miles wide, and its shoreline totals approximately . The primary inflow into the Bowl is from the northeast through Lily Brook. The drainage is from the southwest by Larrywaug Brook, which is a tributary to the Housatonic River. At its deepest, the lake is deep. The lake is artificially impounded by a dam at the end of a natural outlet a half mile from the lake's southwest corner. Three-acre Kwuniikwat Island is at the southwest end of the lake. The island was named in 2018 by the Stockbridge-Munsee tribe. Environmental issues The lake suffers from eutrophication due to excess nutrients blamed on runoff from development and septic systems in the immediate area. Invasive species are also impacting the lake's eco-system. These include the Eurasian Water Milfoil. Native water lilies, plentiful at the southwest corner of the lake, impact passage to the outlet and dam. Strategies to counter these problems to date have included periodic partial drainage and harvesting of lake weed during summer months. Boat inspections for Zebra mussels have, to date, succeeded in keeping the lake free of them. Recreation Stockbridge Bowl is the largest lake within the Town of Stockbridge, with a public boat ramp making the lake accessible to all, provided that any vessel being launched into the Bowl must be thoroughly washed first to remove all possible Zebra Mussel contamination. Throughout the year, the lake is extensively used by scullers, canoers, kayakers, sailers, swimmers, waterskiers, powerboaters, and fishermen. Using Jet-skis is forbidden. January–March, if the lake has frozen, ice-fishing is common. The State stocks it with trout twice yearly and there is a high population of typical still-water fish. The Bowl is also home to the Mahkeenak Boating Club, a venerable sailing and social club with a three-story boathouse on the western side of the lake. When not performing or practicing, many members of the Boston Symphony Orchestra enjoy a beach owned by the BSO on the northern shore of the lake. Residents of the Town of Stockbridge may use the Town Beach on the southeast corner of the Bowl. Josh Billings RunAground Each September, during the annual Josh Billings RunAground, a team triathlon event, the middle leg of the race requires canoers and kayakers to navigate one and three-quarters times around the perimeter of the lake. Up to 550 teams compete in the "Josh." The first leg of the Josh is a bike race which starts in Great Barrington; and, the final leg is a six-mile foot race that begins at the water's edge in Camp Mah-Kee-Nac and ends at the main gate to Tanglewood. Residences The shoreline is the site of more than 450 private cottages. Estates from the Gilded Age and their historic sites are adjacent to the lake. and numerous in the area. Seranak Cottage, above the lake's north side, is a 34-room house owned by the Boston Symphony Orchestra. This was formerly the summer home of Serge Koussevitzky, the music director of the orchestra and the founder of Tanglewood Music Center. The Shadow Brook Farm Historic District is part of the former Shadowbrook estate, once owned by Andrew Carnegie, and where he died. His homesite is now occupied by the Kripalu Center, a yoga, health and wellness retreat center. Nearby Wheatleigh is another remnant of the Gilded Age that is now a resort. Stockbridge Bowl Association As a Great Pond, the lake is owned by the Commonwealth of Massachusetts. The Town of Stockbridge maintains it and, since 1946, has been assisted by the Stockbridge Bowl Association in protecting and restoring the ecology of Stockbridge Bowl. The Association or "SBA" has approximately 350 members who live in or near the watershed of the Bowl. SBA has taken an active role in promoting safe use of the lake and in controlling the quality of the lake. After receiving preliminary approval from MassWildlife's Natural Heritage & Endangered Species Program (NHESP), in 2012, the SBA spearheaded the installation of a 255 foot long diversion drain which could allow the water level in the Bowl to be drawn down 5.5 feet in the late fall. Such a drawdown has been successful in many other lakes in the Berkshires and elsewhere to limit the growth of an invasive Eurasian Water Milfoil. The four-foot diameter diversion drain cost $1 million to engineer, to get regulatory approval and to install. The SBA worked closely with the Town to raise the funds needed for this project. Richard Seltzer, President of the SBA, noted that "The ability to achieve a drawdown is a major milestone in improving and restoring the health of the Bowl. It represents a triumph of cooperation between the Board of Selectmen and the SBA." NHESP subsequently determined that a species of snail common in some other states, but present only in Stockbridge Bowl and nearby Laurel Lake. would be endangered by such a significant drawdown, and has withdrawn its approval of it. SBA's fundraising efforts, and Town and State contributions, have generated a fund that will be used to support additional efforts to improve lake habitat. Some dredging to remove silt that has accumulated in the lake bottom, and hydro raking to control waterlilies is anticipated to begin as early as 2019. The SBA is also working to secure the necessary approval for the use of herbicides in common and effective use in other lakes that, by interfering with photosynthesis, can prevent plant overgrowth without interfering with animal life. The SBA owns the island at the southwest corner of the lake, and in 2018 renamed it "Kwuniikwat," to honor the historical presence in the area of the Stockbridge-Muncie tribe of Mohicans, and their traditions of stewardship for their lands. Dam The -long earthen Stockbridge Bowl Dam was completed in 1880. It is owned by the Town Of Stockbridge. A 2008 inspection found the dam in "satisfactory" condition. References External links Stockbridge Bowl from mass.gov BioMap2, Guiding Land Conservation for Biodiversity in Massachusetts - Stockbridge Reservoirs in Massachusetts Stockbridge, Massachusetts Lakes of Berkshire County, Massachusetts Protected areas of Berkshire County, Massachusetts

Jean Ernest Reynaud (February 14, 1806–July 28, 1863) was a French mining engineer and socialist philosopher. He was a member of the Saint-Simonian community. He was a co-founder of the Encyclopédie nouvelle. Life He was born in Lyon on 4 February 1806. He graduated from the Polytechnic School in Lyon in 1827 and joined the School of Mines. In May 1829 he began a four month study tour of Germany including the Harz Mountains, Black Forest, Saxony, Hanover, Oldenbourg and Westphalia. He then spent a further two months studying mines in Belgium and the Netherlands. He graduated from the mining school in 1830. He was briefly imprisoned in the uprising of 1830. In 1854 he invented a new religious philosophy regarding the transmigration of souls which he saw as compatible both with traditional Christian views and modern ideas regarding reincarnation. He died in Paris on 28 June 1863 and was buried there in Pere Lachaise Cemetery. Publications Minéralogie des Gens du Monde (1836) Histoire Élémentaire des Minéraux Usuels (1842) Terre et Ciel (1854) References David Albert Griffiths, , Paris : M. Rivière, 1965. External links Biographical sketch (in Italian) 1806 births 1863 deaths People from Lyon Politicians from Lyon Moderate Republicans (France) Members of the 1848 Constituent Assembly French philosophers Saint-Simonists 19th-century philosophers French male writers 19th-century male writers École Polytechnique alumni Burials at Père Lachaise Cemetery

The NAD 3020 is a stereo integrated amplifier by NAD Electronics, considered to be one of the most important components in the history of high fidelity audio. Launched in 1978, this highly affordable product delivered a good quality sound, which acquired a reputation as an audiophile amplifier of exceptional value. By 1998, the NAD 3020 had become the most well known and best-selling audio amplifier in history. History Launched in 1978 when the principal preoccupation of hi-fi manufacturers was power output, the sub-£80 (US$135) low-powered solid state amplifier, created and marketed by a then little-known manufacturer, gained a reputation for excellent sound quality and exceptional value. Stereophile magazine called the "ridiculously inexpensive". It was the first integrated amplifier built with convincing ability to drive difficult loudspeaker loads, and a sound quality that far exceeded other integrated amplifiers at its price point for the time. In an era when the NAD's rated power output of 20 watts per channel continuous into 8 ohms was considered anaemic, the manufacturer claimed it could deliver much stronger power output into lower impedances under dynamic conditions (music or peak power output). Indeed, it is capable of delivering 40 watts into 8 ohm, 58 watts into 4 ohm, and 72 watts into 2 ohm loads for a limited time if pushed. The amplifier's main appeal was its inherent musicality, its ability to drive difficult speaker loads, and to allow audiophile grade source components to excel. Launching the product in the US at the Consumer Electronics Show, the company wired up a battery of loudspeakers in a way which presented an impedance of 1.1 ohm, and the amplifier experienced no problems. Similarly, at its London launch, NAD successfully demonstrated it driving the Linn Isobarik, whose impedance characteristics are known to be very challenging for amplifiers. It was the best-known and best-selling amplifier in the annals of hi-fi. The revolutionised the amplifier segment of the hi-fi industry. Design principles Bjørn Erik Edvardsen, NAD's director of advanced development, set out to create an "inexpensive amplifier ... easily capable of driving the very best loudspeakers". NAD eschewed the laboratory test equipment thinking, which was prevalent at the time, and instead aimed to make their amplifiers capable of properly driving "real loudspeakers" under realistic conditions. This paradigm shift gave rise to an amplifier that cost less and sounded better. NAD was able to achieve a low cost base by foreign manufacture. The company designed the product in Europe and had it produced in factories in Taiwan – it was one of the first manufacturers to de-localise production to Asia. The design, and models following it, included "soft-clipping circuitry" that protects against over-driven signals, connections that allow splitting of the power amplifier section from the preamplifier, and "Full Disclosure" power ratings measuring output power under real-world loads. Audio circuitry The has four inputs that can be switched via the front panel – Aux, Tuner, Phono, Tape. The manufacturer claims the phono input, which can also be used with high-output moving coil cartridges, contains a 6-transistor circuit "engineered for extremely low noise and nearly distortion-free performance". Reviewers note the pre-amplifier's "decent moving-magnet phono stage". The amplifier is bandwidth-limited, incorporating infrasonic and ultrasonic filters to supposedly reduce the effects of non-musical signals such as acoustic feedback, disc warps and electromagnetic interference on the musical signals. The amplifier has bass and treble tone controls which, according to the manufacturer, are "tailored for musically effective response in the high and low frequencies without altering the critical mid-range tonal balance". A loudness switch – de rigueur in that era – boosts upper and lower frequencies; a "mute" switch reduces volume by 20 dB for low-level listening. There is also a headphone socket mounted onto the front panel. According to the manufacturer, the is a high voltage design that uses the same large powerful output transistors (2N3055 and MJ2955) that "other manufacturers employ in their '60-watt' amplifiers", enabling the amplifier to deliver power headroom for musical transients. The "Soft Clipping" circuitry is intended to limit the output voltage so that the transistors do not distort when driven beyond its rated power. The innovative split of pre- and power-amplifier sections allows the use of the pre-amp stage to drive multiple power amplifiers in parallel, or use long signal cables to connect to remote power amplifiers or powered speakers. This facility became hugely popular with audiophiles, who would seek to isolate this "remarkably fine-sounding preamp section", to use with one or more external power amplifiers. Power source The amplifier has what the manufacturer calls a "dual-mode power supply", where the output stage is only loosely regulated, so it is free to supply the high voltages needed for musical transients and the large currents at lower voltages needed for driving low-impedance loads in the power amplifier circuitry. The design also incorporates a separate regulated power supply circuit, fed from a secondary winding on the transformer, dedicated to the pre-amplifier and tone control stages. It is thus claimed that intermodulation distortion and blurring of the stereo image due to power supply functioning cannot occur. Styling The styling of the resembled that of other budget amplifiers of the time, and it was available in charcoal grey or a much rarer silver. Stereophile commented that it was "inexpensive and looked it". Reception The highly popular is considered one of the most important hi-fi components in the history of home audio. Sonically, it benefited from a design error where crosstalk between left and right channels presented better detail and more ambiance; the error was corrected in a later guise. Its sound is described by reviewers as dark and warm, with a "sweet and sensual midrange"; some reviewers observed a very noticeable rolling off at frequency extremes that may detract from sonic neutrality, and that its soundstage lacked precision but it was universally praised for its value for money. The amplifier was a hot seller, and the alone achieved a record 1.1 million units in its lifetime. The figure would be much higher if the sales of other amplifiers derived directly from its design are included. The quality made possible at a £79 (US$133) price tag opened up the market for budget yet quality amplifiers, and spawned similarly low-priced competitors such as ARCAM Alpha, Rotel 840, Mission , Pioneer A400, Denon and Marantz . In 2002 it ranked No. 19 in list of "The Hot 100 Products" by Stereophile. In 2011, The Absolute Sound placed it at No. 9 in their list of "The Ten Most Significant Amplifiers of All Time". The Absolute Sound remarked that this "iconic gem could embarrass amplifiers costing 10 times more with its big, warm and detailed sound and best of all, its affordable price made it available to a wider audience." A retrospective review by Chris Martens said that the 3020 was not perfect, and while it may have been surpassed by other components according to other performance criteria individually, it was "better than any $200 integrated amp had any right to be". Martens complimented the quality of the electronic circuit design, noting in particular that the phono stage "sounded clearer and better balanced than many dedicated phonostages of the day". Spin-offs and legacy The sold half a million units in the first three years of its life, and the second-generation replacing it, which corrected some minor design errors, proved even more popular than its predecessor. Variants included the with high quality loudspeaker binding posts, , and an "almost identical" audiophile version dubbed , stripped of tone controls and with higher quality loudspeaker binding posts. The is an "improved" version of the that retailed at £149 (US$250) when it was launched in 1991. The receiver (tuner-amplifier), that included the amplification circuitry of the , received a mixed reception due to severe reliability issues. Following its release, and upon realisation that the product was much sought after for its pre-amplifier section, a preamp version of the was released under the name . The 3220PE and 3225PE (PE being 'Power Envelope') are further improved versions of the 3020E and 3020i respectively, sharing circuit boards with the 3020 models, the main change being a different "dual voltage" transformer and improved power supply design. In 2013, the 40th year of the company, NAD launched a range of digital products, including a digital amplifier bearing the name . Specifications Power output: 20 watts per channel into 8Ω (stereo) Frequency response: 10 Hz to 70 kHz Total harmonic distortion: 0.02% Damping factor: 55 Input sensitivity: 2.5mV (MM), 150mV (line) Signal to noise ratio: 75 dB (MM), 110 dB (line) Dimensions: 420 x 96 x 240mm Weight: 5.26 kg References External links NAD 3020 Product page, NAD Electronics Audio amplifiers Products introduced in 1978

The Joseph J. Cole Jr. House and 1925 Cole Brouette No. 70611 are a house and historic motor car located at 4909 N. Meridian Street in Indianapolis, Indiana. The house, also known as Colehaven, dates from 1924 and reflects Late 19th and 20th Century Revivals architecture and French Renaissance architecture. The property includes the house and one other contributing structure. The house was constructed for Joseph J. Cole Jr., the president of the Cole Motor Car Company in Indianapolis. The Cole Brouette was produced at that factory and was owned by the Cole family. The house and automobile were listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1997. See also Cole Motor Car Company, also NRHP-listed in Indianapolis References Houses on the National Register of Historic Places in Indiana Houses completed in 1924 French Renaissance architecture Renaissance Revival architecture in Indiana Historic district contributing properties in Indiana Houses in Indianapolis National Register of Historic Places in Indianapolis

The five hundred naira Nigerian note is a denomination of Nigerian currency. It was introduced in April 2001, and it was the highest currency in Nigeria when it was introduced. The obverse of the note features a portrait of Nnamdi Azikiwe. The reverse features an off-shore oil rig. References Banknotes of Nigeria 500 Naira Currencies introduced in 2001 2001 establishments in Nigeria

The Signakh uezd was a county (uezd) of the Tiflis Governorate of the Caucasus Viceroyalty of the Russian Empire, and then of Democratic Republic of Georgia, with its administrative centre in Signakh (present-day Signagi). The area of the county roughly corresponded to the contemporary Kakheti region of Georgia. History Following the Russian Revolution, the Signakh uezd was incorporated into the short-lived Democratic Republic of Georgia. Administrative divisions The subcounties (uchastoks) of the Signakh uezd in 1913 were as follows: Demographics Russian Empire Census According to the Russian Empire Census, the Signakh uezd had a population of 102,313 on , including 55,958 men and 46,355 women. The majority of the population indicated Georgian to be their mother tongue, with significant Armenian and Tatar speaking minorities. Kavkazskiy kalendar According to the 1917 publication of Kavkazskiy kalendar, the Signakh uezd had a population of 153,864 on , including 80,670 men and 73,194 women, 148,646 of whom were the permanent population, and 5,218 were temporary residents: See also History of the administrative division of Russia Notes References Bibliography Caucasus Viceroyalty (1801–1917) Tiflis Governorate Uezds of Tiflis Governorate Modern history of Georgia (country) 1880 establishments in the Russian Empire States and territories established in 1880 States and territories disestablished in 1918

Neocottus is a genus of ray-finned fish belonging to the family Cottidae, the typical sculpins. These fishes are endemic to endemic to Lake Baikal in Russia. Species There are currently two recognized species in this genus: Neocottus thermalis Sideleva, 2002 Neocottus werestschagini (Taliev, 1935) References Abyssocottinae Fish of Lake Baikal

MRA may refer to: Medicine and science Magnetic resonance angiography Mineralocorticoid receptor antagonist Monoamine releasing agent Multiresolution analysis Organisations Madison-Ridgeland Academy Maharashtra Rationalist Association, an organisation in India Marketing Research Association Mauritius Revenue Authority Metal Roofing Alliance Metropolitan Redevelopment Authority of Western Australia Microcredit Regulatory Authority Monland Restoration Army Moral Re-Armament Motorcycle Roadracing Association Mountain Rescue Association Mugi Rekso Abadi, a media company in Indonesia Myanmar Restaurant Association Royal Museum of the Armed Forces and Military History (abbreviated MRA in French), a museum in Belgium Other Mail retrieval agent Market reduction approach Member's Representational Allowance in the United States House of Representatives Men's Rights Activist (or men's rights activism) Minimum reception altitude Mutant registration acts (comics) Mutual recognition agreement Northern Mariana Islands, US territory, ITU country code See also

Kuruçay is a neighbourhood in the municipality and district of Çubuk, Ankara Province, Turkey. Its population is 253 (2022). History There are some relics from the Ottoman period in the village. The remains of a castle stand on the top of the mountain Kaletepe (elevation 1869 m). Population References Neighbourhoods in Çubuk District

Teton Village is a census-designated place (CDP) in Teton County, Wyoming, United States. The population was 330 at the 2010 census. The village surrounds the base of the Jackson Hole Mountain Resort. It is accessed from nearby Jackson and the surrounding area via the Moose-Wilson Road (Wyoming highway 390). Teton Village is part of the Jackson micropolitan area. Geography Teton Village is located at (43.586405, -110.826729). According to the United States Census Bureau, the CDP has a total area of 5.0 square miles (13.0 km), all land. Demographics At the 2000 census there were 175 people, 88 households, and 44 families in the CDP. The population density was . There were 396 housing units at an average density of . The racial makeup of the CDP was 98.86% Euro American and 1.14% Asian. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 1.71%. Of the 88 households 15.9% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 45.5% were married couples living together, 4.5% had a female householder with no husband present, and 50.0% were non-families. 36.4% of households were one person and 8.0% were one person aged 65 or older. The average household size was 1.99 and the average family size was 2.68. The age distribution was 13.1% under the age of 18, 7.4% from 18 to 24, 27.4% from 25 to 44, 32.0% from 45 to 64, and 20.0% 65 or older. The median age was 47 years. For every 100 females, there were 116.0 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 108.2 males. The median household income was $80,000 and the median family income was $151,480. Males had a median income of $100,000 versus $22,917 for females. The per capita income for the CDP was $66,928. None of the families and 5.9% of the population were living below the poverty line. Education Public education in the community of Teton Village is provided by Teton County School District #1. Notable person Lincoln Chafee, former governor and Senator of Rhode Island References Census-designated places in Teton County, Wyoming Census-designated places in Wyoming Jackson, Wyoming micropolitan area

The voiced alveolo-palatal sibilant affricate is a type of consonantal sound, used in some spoken languages. The symbols in the International Phonetic Alphabet that represent this sound are , , and , and the equivalent X-SAMPA symbols are d_z\ and J\_z\, though transcribing the stop component with (J\ in X-SAMPA) is rare. The tie bar may be omitted, yielding or in the IPA and dz\ or J\z\ in X-SAMPA. Neither nor are a completely narrow transcription of the stop component, which can be narrowly transcribed as (retracted and palatalized ), or (both symbols denote an advanced ). The equivalent X-SAMPA symbols are d_-' or d_-_j and J\_+, respectively. There is also a dedicated symbol , which is not a part of the IPA. Therefore, narrow transcriptions of the voiced alveolo-palatal sibilant affricate include , , and . This affricate used to have a dedicated symbol ; was one of the six dedicated symbols for affricates in the International Phonetic Alphabet. It is the sibilant equivalent of voiced palatal affricate. Features Features of the voiced alveolo-palatal affricate: Occurrence See also Index of phonetics articles Notes References External links Affricates Alveolo-palatal consonants Sibilant consonants Pulmonic consonants Voiced oral consonants Central consonants

Maffra is a town in Victoria, Australia, east of Melbourne. It is in the Shire of Wellington local government area and it is the second most populous city of the Shire. It relies mainly on dairy farming and other agriculture, and is the site of one of Murray-Goulburn Cooperative's eight processing plants in Victoria. Maffra is a detour off the Princes Highway and is near Sale, Stratford, Newry, Tinamba, Heyfield and Rosedale. At the 2016 census, Maffra had a population of 4,316. History The town began as an outstation of the region's first cattle run, Boisdale, named by pioneer grazier Lachlan Macalister after a village on the island of South Uist in the Outer Hebrides, Scotland. The town appears to have taken its name from a group of squatters from Maffra, a village in the Monaro region of NSW, with its location between current Maffra and Newry being written on an early map. The squatters moved on, but the name remained. The Monaro Maffra was probably connected to Mafra, a town in Portugal. The township was settled in the 1860s, the Post Office opening on 20 July 1864. Maffra railway station on the Maffra railway line opened in 1887. The last regular passenger service ran in 1977. The station precinct is now an industrial precinct and the former station building is used for community purposes. Maffra was long the beef cattle capital of West Gippsland and, for many years, the only beet sugar processing center in the country. The Beet Museum, set in the Port of Maffra Park, has relics from the defunct sugar beet industry. The building is a relocated historic weighbridge building, and is lined with pine boards from the home of Charles and Grace Quirk, one of Maffra's first cottages. Today Maffra hosts a Mardi Gras every March, the Maffra and District Agricultural, Pastoral and Horticultural Show in October and a tennis tournament at Easter. The Wellington Shire Council removed a row of 100+ year old trees that line the main street because of disease, but has since replaced them with young oaks. Maffra has two primary schools, the Maffra Primary School and St Mary's Primary School (Catholic). Maffra also has a public secondary school, Maffra Secondary College, which has a student enrolment of around 700. Maffra Secondary has a strong academic program and is involved in a number of community service programs. Plant toxicity for dogs In July 2021, Victoria had over 50 pet dogs suffering liver toxicity, with 14 dogs known to have died from the condition. The source of the issue was traced to indospicine sourced from Indogofera plants. Many of the dogs had eaten raw pet food sourced from a knackery at Maffra. No specific source for the contamination was immediately identified, as these plants are not normally found in southern Australia. This toxicity has previously been seen in dogs fed meat from Australian feral camels, common in northern Australia. Sport The town has an Australian Rules football team competing in the Gippsland Football League. Its senior side was at one point the most successful in the league, winning 6 premierships in the early 2000s. Maffra is also home to a field hockey club, fielding junior, women's and men's teams in the East Gippsland Hockey Association playing at Cameron Sports Complex, Morison Street. Also at this complex, is Maffra's Amateur Basketball Association. This hosts junior and senior teams, as well as Men and Women's CBL teams. Golfers play at the course of the Maffra Golf Club on Fulton Road. The soccer community in Maffra was also the driving force behind the formation of the North Gippsland Soccer Association in 1925, which originally proposed teams in Maffra, Sale, Nambrook and Bairnsdale. Ultimately, Maffra Soccer Club was joined by Yallourn SC, Sale United SC and Glenmaggie SC - although the onset of the World War II saw the league halted. This league helped form the early footprint of what later evolved into the Latrobe Valley Soccer League. Notable people Bill Bennett, AFL player, member of Carlton Football Club Sam Berry, AFL player with Adelaide Football Club John Butcher, former AFL player with Port Adelaide Football Club John Hipwell, Australian architect Shane Watts, former world champion off-road motorcycle racer Max Knobel, AFL player with Fremantle Football Club References External links Towns in Victoria (state) Shire of Wellington

Heathen Machine is the fifth album by British metal band Balance of Power. It was released in 2003 and is the only album of the band to feature vocalist John K. Production and recording The album was produced and engineered by drummer Lionel Hicks. Like previous efforts, it was recorded at POD Studios and Summit Studios in London, England. It was mixed by Todd Fitzgerald and Hicks at Oarfin Studios in Minneapolis, US. Art and design was done by PostScript Design. Original track listing All songs written by Tony Ritchie and Pete Southern, except where noted. "The Rising" (Lionel Hicks) – 1:19 "Heathen Machine" (Tony Ritchie) – 6:34 "I Wish You Were Here" – 7:14 "Chemical Imbalance" (Ritchie) – 5:14 "No Place Like Home" (Ritchie) – 6:54 "The Eyes of All the World" – 6:45 "Just Before You Leave" (John K., Ritchie, Southern) – 6:31 "Wake Up Call" – 8:21 "Necessary Evil" – 7:46 Personnel Band members John K – lead vocals Pete Southern – guitar Tony Ritchie – bass Lionel Hicks – drums Additional musicians Leon Lawson – keyboards Recording and producing Lionel Hicks – producer, engineer, mixer Todd Fitzgerald – mixer PostScript Design – art design References External links Heathen Machine on Balance of Power's official website Heathen Machine on Amazon Heathen Machine on AllMusic 2003 albums Balance of Power (band) albums

En ny jul is the debut studio album by Swedish singer Magnus Carlsson. Released in November 2001, the album, peaked at number 17 on the Swedish Albums Chart. The album was re-released in 2009 under the title Christmas. Track listing 2001 När en stjärna faller Mitt vinterland It May Be Winter Outside Happy X-Mas Himmel i advent (No Ordinary World) (Åsa Jinder playing the nyckelharpa) Finns det mirakel (duet with Elisabeth Andreassen) White Christmas All I Want For Christmas Is You Änglarna i snön Himlens alla stjärnor ser på Christmas Time Nu är julen här Happy, Happy Year For Us All (with Alcazar & Golden Hits-ensemblen) It's Just Another New Year's Eve 2009 När en stjärna faller Mitt vinterland It May Be Winter Outside Happy X-Mas Himmel i advent (No Ordinary World) (Åsa Jinder playing the nyckelharpa) Finns det mirakel (duet with Elisabeth Andreassen) White Christmas All I Want For Christmas Is You Änglarna i snön Himlens alla stjärnor ser på Christmas Time Nu är julen här Happy, Happy Year For Us All (with Alcazar & Golden Hits-ensemblen) It's Just Another New Year's Eve Bonus track: My Grown-Up Christmas List Bonus track: Låt julen förkunna ("Happy Xmas (War Is Over)" Swedish language-version) Bonus track: Jag drömmer om en jul hemma ("White Christmas" Swedish language-version) Bonus track: It Is Christmas Night ("Nu är julen här" English language-version) Charts Release history References 2001 debut albums Magnus Carlsson albums

The 2013 AFC U-19 Women's Championship took place in 11–20 October 2013. Australia Coach: Spencer Prior The final squad was named on 27 September 2013. China Coach: Wang Jun Myanmar Coach: Radov Minkovski North Korea Coach: Hwang Yong-bong Japan Coach: Hiroshi Yoshida The final squad was named on 26 September 2013. South Korea Coach: Jong Song-chon The final squad was named on 1 October 2013. References 2013 AFC U-19 Women's Championship 2013 in youth sport

Louise Marguerite of Lorraine (1588 – 30 April 1631) was a daughter of the Duke of Guise and a member of the House of Lorraine. She married François de Bourbon, titled the Prince of Conti. As such, after her marriage she was the Princess of Conti. She died without any surviving issue. Biography Louise Marguerite was born at the Château de Blois, present at Blois outside Paris. Her father was Henri of Lorraine, Duke of Guise, member of the House of Lorraine and her mother was Catherine of Cleves. She was the penultimate child of fourteen; her brother Claude, Duke of Chevreuse was the husband of Marie de Rohan, the infamous Frondeur. Her oldest brother Charles was the last Duke of Guise after the death of her father in 1588. She was a member of the house of Guise, a cadet branch of the house of Lorraine which was the ruling family of the Duchy of Lorraine and Bar. As a Lorraine, she was a Foreign Princess at the French court. She was named after her two godmothers; Louise in honour of Louise of Lorraine, wife of Henry III of France and Marguerite in honour of Marguerite de Valois, first wife of Henry IV. She grew up in the care of her mother and paternal grandmother, Anna d'Este. Louise Marguerite was often considered to be a great beauty at court. She was also an intimate (as well as lover) of Henry IV of France her future cousin by marriage. Her husband to be was François de Bourbon, styled the Prince of Conti. He was a son of Louis de Bourbon, Prince of Condé and his wife Eléanor de Roucy de Roye. François was a widower having lost his first wife Jeanne de Coësmes in 1601; that marriage remained childless despite the union being for twenty years. The couple were married at the Château de Meudon outside Paris on 24 July 1605 and had been used to tie together the House of Lorraine with that of the ruling House of Bourbon. It had been said that Henry IV, the instigator of the marriage, had wanted to marry her himself but this is unlikely as when she came to court, Henry IV was already in love with Gabrielle d'Estrées and thus is widely disputed. On 8 May 1610, the Princess of Conti gave birth to a daughter, baptised Marie, at the Palais du Louvre. This child was to be the only infant born to the couple but the girl died of twelve days after birth; the child was buried at the church of Saint-Germain-des-Prés. The death of François' on 2 August 1614 was Louise Marguerite became a widow at the age of 26. With great zeal, she became devoted to the study of literature as well as a patron of many writers of her time, including François de Malherbe, Nicolas Renouard and Blaise de Vigenère. She was a lady-in-waiting to Marie de' Medici as well as Anne of Austria. She later married François de Bassompierre in a secret ceremony. The couple are said to have had a child from their union but little information exists. Having married Bassompierre, they lived together in disgrace, Louise Marguerite dying at the Château d'Eu. She was buried at the Collegiale Notre Dame et Saint Laurent, at Eu, France. She is credited as the author of a fictionalized account of the love life of Henry IV's court, reworked and published under various titles including Romant royal (1621), Advantures de la cour de Perse (1629), and Histoire des amours du grand Alcandre (1651). Issue Marie de Bourbon (8 March 1610 – 20 March 1610) died in infancy. Ancestry References and notes Bibliography and sources Jean Baptiste Joseph Boulliot, Biographie ardennaise. Ou Histoire des Ardennais qui se sont fait remarquer par leurs écrits, leurs actions, leurs vertus ou leurs erreurs. Volume 2. Paris 1830, S. 147–149 (PDF; 21,8 MB). Hilarion de Coste, Les Éloges et les vies des reynes, des princesses, et des dames illustres en pieté, en courage & en doctrine, qui ont fleury de nostre temps, & du temps de nos peres. Volume 1. Cramoisy, Parigi 1647. Jean Chrétien Ferdinand Hoefer, Nouvelle biographie générale depuis les temps les plus reculés jusqu'à nos jours, avec les renseignements bibliographiques et l'indication des sources à consulter. Volume 11. Firmin Didot, Parigi 1856, S. 663 – 665 (PDF; 94,9 MB). Princesses of Conti 1588 births 1631 deaths House of Bourbon House of Lorraine House of Guise Princesses of Lorraine People from Blois Princesses of the Blood French ladies-in-waiting Court of Henry IV of France Court of Louis XIII Household of Marie de' Medici

Charles 'Charlie' Scudamore Pritchard (born 7 March 1962) is a former English cricketer. Pritchard was a right-handed batsman who fielded primarily as a wicket-keeper. He was born in Wellington, Shropshire. Pritchard made his debut for Devon in 1986 against the Somerset Second XI in the Minor Counties Championship. From 1986 to 1996, he represented Devon in 47 Championship matches, the last of which came against Cheshire. The season following his debut, he made his debut in the MCCA Knockout Trophy for the county against Dorset. From 1987 to 1994, he represented the county in 14 Trophy matches, the last of which came against Bedfordshire. Pritchard made his List A debut for Devon against Essex in the 1st round of the 1991 NatWest Trophy. From 1991 to 1994 he played 4 List A matches, the last of which came against Yorkshire in the 1st round of the 1994 NatWest Trophy. In his 4 List A matches, he scored a single run from two innings, giving him a batting average of 1.00. In the field he took 2 catches. References External links Charles Pritchard at ESPNcricinfo Charles Pritchard at CricketArchive 1962 births Living people People from Wellington, Shropshire Cricketers from Shropshire English cricketers Devon cricketers

Keller Lake is a surface water body in the Northwest Territories of Canada. It is located south of the Great Bear Lake and north of Fort Simpson, at an elevation of . The lake has a triangular shape, a surface area of , and it empties through the Johnny Hoe River into the Great Bear Lake. There is a salmonid population in Keller Lake. On some of the plains surrounding Keller Lake, climax polygonal bogs have formed, the early successional stage to which often consists of pioneer Black Spruce. See also List of rivers of the Northwest Territories Notes References Bryan Robert Davies and Keith F. Walker. 1986. The Ecology of River Systems, Published by Springer, , , 793 pages C. Michael Hogan. 2008. Black Spruce: Picea mariana, GlobalTwitcher.com, ed. Nicklas Stromberg Lakes of the Northwest Territories

Tom Machan (born 1942 or 1943) is a Canadian football player who played for the Edmonton Eskimos. He previously played football for the Edmonton Huskies. References Living people 1940s births Edmonton Elks players Players of Canadian football from Alberta

Trịnh Xuân Thuận (born August 20, 1948) is a Vietnamese-American astrophysicist. Biography Trịnh Xuân Thuận was born in Hanoi, Vietnam. He completed his B.S. at the California Institute of Technology, and his Ph.D. at Princeton University. He has taught astronomy at the University of Virginia, where he is a professor, since 1976, and is also a research associate at the Institut d’Astrophysique de Paris. He was a founding member of the International Society for Science and Religion. Thuận was the recipient of UNESCO's Kalinga Prize in 2009 for his work in popularizing science. He received the Kalinga chair award at the 99th Indian Science Congress at Bhubaneswar. In 2012, he was awarded the Prix mondial Cino Del Duca from the Institut de France. This prize recognizes authors whose work, literary or scientific, constitutes a message of modern humanism. Thuận's areas of interest are extragalactic astronomy and galaxy formation. His research has focused on the evolution of galaxies and the chemical composition of the universe, and on compact blue dwarf galaxies. Books for general readers 1992. Le destin de l'univers : Le big bang, et après, collection « Découvertes Gallimard » (nº 151), série Sciences et techniques. Paris: Éditions Gallimard. 1993. UK edition – The Changing Universe: Big Bang and After, 'New Horizons' series. London: Thames & Hudson. 1993. US edition – The Birth of the Universe: The Big Bang and After, "Abrams Discoveries" series. New York: Harry N. Abrams. 1994. The Secret Melody. 2000. Chaos and Harmony. 2001. The Quantum and the Lotus. (with Matthieu Ricard) 2008. Voyage au cœur de la lumière, collection « Découvertes Gallimard » (nº 527), série Sciences et techniques. Paris: Éditions Gallimard. References Trinh Xuan Thuan and Axel Reisinger, (2000). Chaos and Harmony: Perspectives on Scientific Revolutions of the 20th Century, Oxford University Press. External links Trinhxuanthuan.fr website Trịnh Xuân Thuận Interview about science and Buddhism Ba cái chết cho ngôi sao - Trois morts pour l'étoile, Détermination de la distance d'une étoile céphéide 1948 births Living people People from Hanoi Vietnamese emigrants to the United States 20th-century American astronomers Writers of Vietnamese descent American cosmologists Members of the International Society for Science and Religion Kalinga Prize recipients American male writers 20th-century American physicists American writers in French French-language writers from Vietnam 20th-century American writers 21st-century American writers

Forgiveness is a 2006 Israeli drama film directed by Udi Aloni, starring Itay Tiran, Clara Khoury, Moni Moshonov, Makram Khoury and Tamara Mansour. Cast Itay Tiran as David Adler Clara Khoury as Lila Moni Moshonov as Muselmann Makram Khoury as Dr. Isaac Shemesh Tamara Mansour as Little Girl/Ghost Mike Sarne as Henry Adler Release The film was released in the United States on 12 September 2008. Reception Sara Schieron of Boxoffice Magazine rated the film 2.5 stars out of 5 and wrote that while the film is "tricky and sometimes perplexing", it is "seldom muddled and always sticking its neck out to reach toward some, if manic, exposition of the truths that lie beneath." Film critic Emanuel Levy wrote that while the "subject is nothing less than riveting" and the "honorable intention of the filmmakers is not in doubt" the narrative strategy and technical execution "leave much to be desired". Michelle Orange of The Village Voice wrote that the "broad strokes" are "overlaid with an impressionistic vigor and thematic intricacy that, had the director not succumbed to their extremes—a kind of insular sprawl, creating distance where interiority is the intent—might have elevated the film from its moorings." Tasha Robinson of The A.V. Club gave the film a rating of "C" and wrote that "Aloni's ideas are solid, but possibly too large and pointed to cram within fragile human flesh." Jeannette Catsoulis of The New York Times wrote that while "the message may be clear", the "execution is a mess." Hannah Brown of The Jerusalem Post rated the film 1 star and wrote that while "the message may be clear", the "execution is a mess." References External links Israeli drama films 2006 drama films 2006 films

Juan Alfonso de Curiel (died 28 September 1609) was a Spanish professor of philosophy and theology at the University of Salamanca in Salamanca, Spain. Curiel was born in Palenzuela, Burgos to Juan Curiel de la Torre, son of Juan de Curiel. He received his formal education at the University of Salamanca. At Salamanca, Curiel was the tutor to John Barnes, the English Benedictine monk, and "was wont to call Barnes by the name of John Huss, because of a spirit of contradiction which was always observed in him." After his death, much of his writing was published by Salamanca and the Complutense University of Madrid, including Controuersiarum Sapientiss in 1611. References 16th-century births 1609 deaths Year of birth unknown Spanish philosophers University of Salamanca alumni Academic staff of the University of Salamanca

52nd NSFC Awards January 6, 2018 Best Film: Lady Bird The 52nd National Society of Film Critics Awards, given on 6 January 2018, honored the best in film for 2017. Winners Winners are listed in boldface along with the runner-up positions and counts from the final round: Best Picture Lady Bird (41) Get Out (39) Phantom Thread (28) Best Director Greta Gerwig – Lady Bird (37) Jordan Peele – Get Out / Paul Thomas Anderson – Phantom Thread (36) Best Actor Daniel Kaluuya – Get Out (44) Daniel Day-Lewis – Phantom Thread (34) Timothée Chalamet – Call Me by Your Name (24) Best Actress Sally Hawkins – The Shape of Water and Maudie (49) Saoirse Ronan – Lady Bird (44) Frances McDormand – Three Billboards Outside Ebbing, Missouri / Cynthia Nixon – A Quiet Passion (24) Best Supporting Actor Willem Dafoe – The Florida Project (62) Michael Stuhlbarg – Call Me by Your Name, The Shape of Water, and The Post (25) Sam Rockwell – Three Billboards Outside Ebbing, Missouri (23) Best Supporting Actress Laurie Metcalf – Lady Bird (74) Lesley Manville – Phantom Thread (36) Allison Janney – I, Tonya (24) Best Screenplay Greta Gerwig – Lady Bird (50) Jordan Peele – Get Out (49) Paul Thomas Anderson – Phantom Thread (31) Best Cinematography Roger Deakins – Blade Runner 2049 (40) Hoyte van Hoytema – Dunkirk (39) Alexis Zabé – The Florida Project (36) Best Foreign Language Film Graduation – Cristian Mungiu (35) Faces Places – Agnès Varda (30) BPM (Beats per Minute) – Robin Campillo (29) Best Non-Fiction Film Faces Places – Agnès Varda (70) Ex Libris: The New York Public Library – Frederick Wiseman (34) Dawson City: Frozen Time – Bill Morrison (32) Film Heritage Award One Way or Another: Black Women's Cinema, 1970–1991, curated by the Brooklyn Academy of Music Cinématek. Special commendation to Dan Talbot for his pioneering work as an exhibitor and distributor, in bringing worldwide cinema to the United States. Special Citation Agnieszka Holland's Spoor, a film awaiting American distribution Dedication This year's National Society of Film Critics awards are dedicated to Richard Schickel, the legendary film critic and historian, author of 37 books and director of 37 documentaries, and a founding member of the Society, who died on February 18, 2017. References External links Official website 2017 film awards 2017 in American cinema

Thomas Fraser House, also known as Woodham House and Gregg House, is a historic home located at Bishopville, Lee County, South Carolina. It was built in 1847, and is a two-story, vernacular Greek Revival style house with a gable roof, weatherboard siding and a brick foundation. The front façade features a one-story porch supported by six round brick and stucco columns with prominent bases and Doric order capitals. At the rear of the house is the original kitchen, remodeled about 1900 into a farm office. It was added to the National Register of Historic Places in 1986. References Houses on the National Register of Historic Places in South Carolina Greek Revival houses in South Carolina Houses completed in 1847 Houses in Lee County, South Carolina National Register of Historic Places in Lee County, South Carolina 1847 establishments in South Carolina

Kibaya is a town and a ward in the Manyara Region of Tanzania. It is the district headquarter of Kiteto District. According to the 2012 census, the population of Kibaya is 8,759. References Populated places in Manyara Region Wards of Manyara Region

Gerald Robert Jones (14February 19444December 2011) of Dayton, Ohio is a former American football player who played for the Atlanta Falcons and New Orleans Saints of the National Football League (NFL). He played college football at Bowling Green State University. Jerry was a graduate of Dunbar High School, class of 1962. He received a Bachelor of Science from Bowling Green State University in 1966. After his football career, Jerry served as Sergeant-at-Arms in the Ohio House of Representatives. And then taught in Dayton Public Schools until his retirement. At age 67, Jerry died on 4 December 2011 at his residence. References 1944 births 2011 deaths American football tackles Bowling Green Falcons football players Atlanta Falcons players New Orleans Saints players Players of American football from Dayton, Ohio

Vikerlased (The Vikings) is an Estonian opera in three acts by Evald Aav, his only opera. It is considered to be the first Estonian opera. The libretto is by Voldemar Loo, brother of the composer's first wife, Ida Loo-Talvari. The libretto depicts events related to Pillage of Sigtuna in 1187. The premiere was on 8 September 1928 at the Estonia Theatre in Tallinn, conducted by Raimund Kull. The opera lasts 2 approximately hours and 15 minutes. See also References 1928 operas Estonian-language operas Operas set in the 12th century Operas

Jem Yoshioka (born 1986) is a New Zealand illustrator and comic artist. She has won several comic awards and is best known for her webcomic Circuits and Veins which has attracted a large following on Webtoon. Biography Jem Yoshioka is of Japanese and Pākehā heritage. As a young child she was always interested in storytelling and drawing, and as a teenager, she started creating her own stories and worlds. She did not have access to many comics growing up, apart from Tintin, but once she discovered comics on the Internet, she found a whole new way of telling stories. She grew up in Napier and studied Computer Graphic Design at Whanganui School of Design. She is a freelance illustrator and also works full-time in the communications industry. She lives in Wellington, New Zealand. She works in various media, including digital illustration, watercolour and ink work, and soft textiles. Work Yoshioka has always been interested in science fiction and fantasy genres and her work, both fiction and non-fiction, circles around themes of belonging, place and heritage. An early influence on her work is Shaun Tan because of how he handled the relationship between words and pictures. Other influences on her work comes from her love of photography, video games, traditional Japanese printmaking, fashion, animation, film, fine art, dance and novels. She began in her teens and early 20s with creating long-form webcomic publishing, but switched to short comics. This allowed her to focus and tell a different type of story. She has been published in Loop Magazine, Tearaway and World Sweet World, Three Words - the New Zealand Women’s comics anthology and by Square Planet Comics, as well as creating band posters and merchandise. Her work has been published in the New Zealand School Journal. An Opal Dream Cave, inspired by a poem by Katherine Mansfield of the same name and images from the photograph collection of the National Library, won the Supreme Remix Award in the 2010 Mix and Mash competition. She won first place in the Chromacon New Zealand Indie Arts Festival Comic Awards in 2013 and 2015. She has published several webcomics, including Circuits and Veins which features two female characters, human and android and has thousands of subscribers and over a million views on the webcomic platform Line Webtoon. In 2017, Yoshioka's work was featured as part of Satellites, a series of exhibitions across Auckland showcasing contemporary Asian artists. References External links Jem Yoshioka's blog Circuits and Veins 1986 births Living people 21st-century New Zealand women artists People from Napier, New Zealand New Zealand comics artists New Zealand female comics artists New Zealand editorial cartoonists New Zealand people of Japanese descent

Taganrog Priboy Plant () is a company based in Taganrog, Russia. A leading military sonar equipment producer, the Priboy Plant also produces electronic equipment for civilian use, as well as general consumer goods. References External links Manufacturing companies of Russia Companies based in Rostov Oblast Sonar manufacturers Ministry of the Shipbuilding Industry (Soviet Union) Defence companies of the Soviet Union Manufacturing companies of the Soviet Union Electronics companies of the Soviet Union

László Bodnár (; born 25 February 1979) is a Hungarian former professional football who played as a right back for clubs in Hungary, Ukraine, the Netherlands and Austria. He made 45 appearances for the Hungary national team. Personal life Bodnár was born in Mátészalka. On 28 August 2009, he caused a fatal road accident which killing a cyclist. He was found guilty for speeding and was given a one-year prison sentence which was suspended for a one-year probation. He was also to pay a €1000 fine. Career statistics Club International Honours Dynamo Kiev Premier League: 2001, 2003; runner-up: 2002 Ukrainian Cup: 2003; runner-up: 2002 CIS Cup: 2002 Red Bull Salzburg Austrian Bundesliga: 2007, 2009; runner-up: 2008 Debreceni VSC Hungarian National Championship I: 2009–10 Hungarian Cup: 2009–10 Hungarian League Cup: 2010 Hungarian Super Cup: 2010 References External links 1979 births Living people People from Mátészalka Hungarian criminals Hungarian men's footballers Hungary men's international footballers Men's association football defenders Debreceni VSC players FC Dynamo Kyiv players FC Dynamo-2 Kyiv players FC Dynamo-3 Kyiv players FC Arsenal Kyiv players Roda JC Kerkrade players FC Red Bull Salzburg players Pécsi MFC players Ukrainian Premier League players Ukrainian First League players Ukrainian Second League players Eredivisie players Austrian Football Bundesliga players Hungarian expatriate men's footballers Expatriate men's footballers in Ukraine Expatriate men's footballers in the Netherlands Expatriate men's footballers in Austria Hungarian expatriate sportspeople in Ukraine Hungarian expatriate sportspeople in the Netherlands Hungarian expatriate sportspeople in Austria Sportspeople convicted of crimes Hungary men's under-21 international footballers Hungary men's youth international footballers Footballers from Szabolcs-Szatmár-Bereg County

Planisphærium is the debut album from the technical death metal band Wormed. It was released in 2003 through the Japanese label Macabre Mementos Records. Track listing All music composed by J.Oliver and Andy C All lyrics written by Phlegeton "Tunnel of Ions" – 3:29 "Geodesic Dome" – 3:39 "Voxel Mitosis" – 3:57 "Fragments" – 2:59 "Ylem" – 3:36 "Planisphaerium" – 4:03 "Pulses in Rhombus Forms" – 3:01 "Dehydrating" – 3:09 2005 Reissue The reissue includes tracks from Wormed's two previous releases, "Floating Cadaver in the Monochrome Demo" and "Voxel Mitosis Promo" "Pulses in Rhombus Forms" – 3:04 (1999 Edition) "Ectoplasmic Iconosphere [D.1]" – 3:58 "Ectoplasmic Iconosphere [D.2]" – 4:00 "Floating Cadaver in the Monochrome" – 3:04 "Geodesic Dome" – 4:25 (1999 Edition) "Voxel Mitosis" – 3:56 (2001 Edition) Personnel Wormed Phlegeton – vocals J. Oliver – guitar Guillemoth – bass guitar Andy C – drums Production credits Produced by Samuel Ruiz and Wormed Mastered by Jorge Peñafiel Additional Album layout, design and artwork by Phlegeton. References 2003 debut albums

Montholon () is a commune in the department of Yonne, central France. The municipality was established on 1 January 2017 by merger of the former communes of Aillant-sur-Tholon (the seat), Champvallon, Villiers-sur-Tholon and Volgré. See also Communes of the Yonne department Web site: https://www.montholon89.fr/ References Communes of Yonne

Charles Albert Repenning (August 4, 1922 in Oak Park, Illinois – January 5, 2005 in Lakewood, Colorado) was an American paleontologist and zoologist noted for his work on shrews, fossil rodents, modern pinnipeds and their extinct relatives, the Desmostylia. He identified and researched the Paleoparadoxia found during the excavation of Stanford Linear Accelerator at Stanford University in California, which was eventually reclassified as a distinct species, which was named in his honor. Repenning was the first paleontologist to identify fossils from the North Slope of Alaska as dinosaur bones. Military service He was a veteran of World War II, serving as an enlisted soldier in the 104th Infantry Division and spent time in a German prisoner-of-war camp. He was awarded the Bronze Star and Purple Heart. Education and career After the war, Repenning attended the New Mexico School of Mines and worked for the United States Geological Survey in Holbrook, Arizona, where he mapped the Navajo Reservation; Menlo Park, California, where he studied at the University of California at Berkeley; and eventually Denver, Colorado, writing extensively on fossil and modern day mammals of many types, culminating in his work to create a bio-chronology based on microtine rodents. Private life Repenning was known as a story teller and always began his childhood stories with 'When I was a little girl...'. He once found a guy sitting on the top of a hill in the desert who turned out to be a Civil War soldier who had desiccated rather than decayed. He was also a source of entertainment to his neighbors on more than one occasion. He would occasionally bury zebra, elephant, and tiger carcasses in the back yard in order to study their bones. His children referred to the back half of their yard as "The Bone Yard." Once he handed out elephant toenails to the neighborhood children as a curiosity. Repenning would also prop up frozen animals that he was studying (e.g. an Emu) in the front yard for children to see as they walked to school in the morning. The Repennings had unconventional pets at times as well. Repenning kept a raven that could talk, a skunk, a raccoon, a chimpanzee (only on summers), and for a short time a bobcat. Repenning lived in a way that was uncommon and larger than life at times. The people that remember him often have remarkable stories about him to tell. However, Repenning, by his own account didn't really consider his life remarkable in any way. He was a man of many different sides. Death Repenning was found murdered in his home in Lakewood on January 5, 2005. Meth addicts Richard Kasparson and Michael Wessel killed Repenning during a burglary. Wessel was sentenced to life in prison without the possibility of parole plus 54 years. Ginny Kasparson pleaded guilty to accessory to murder. She was sentenced to 16 years in prison on May 19, 2006. Nicholas Savajian pleaded guilty to second degree murder. On May 5, 2006, Michael Mapps, accused of masterminding the crime, was found guilty. Notes External links On-line cite to published paper on Paenemarmota 1922 births 2005 deaths Scientists from Oak Park, Illinois New Mexico Institute of Mining and Technology alumni American paleontologists United States Army personnel of World War II World War II prisoners of war held by Germany United States Army soldiers

Quark is the annual international techno-management festival of BITS Pilani, K.K. Birla Goa Campus. It usually takes place in early February, and has thousands of participants. Launched as a local event in 2006, Quark became a national event in 2008. Since then, Quark has consistently seen participation from colleges across India. It usually features various events pertaining to the different engineering branches as well as the pure sciences, but has more recently expanded the range of events to include various events, related to entrepreneurship. and business.It has grown manifold since its inception in 2006 and has made a name for itself as an avant-garde technical festival, showcasing the latest innovations and hosting pioneers in the fields of science and technology. Since 2013, Quark has been awarded UNESCO Patronage, the highest form of support granted to an organization, being only the third fest in India to receive the same. History Quark 2006 was the first version and was an intra-campus competition Quark 2007 turned Quark into a local inter college Goa festival. Quark 2008 went national for the first time, featuring participation from colleges across India. It highlights included an aero modelling workshop followed by an air show, a magic show, and a performance by the juggling troupe "Feeding the Fish" from London. Quark 2009 saw greater participation than in the previous edition, playing host to around 5000 students from 350 colleges across India. Dr. APJ Abdul Kalam, former President of India, inaugurated the festival, the inaugural speech also being streamed live to the Pilani Campus. Performances by internationally renowned flutist Padma Vibhushan Pt. Hariprasad Chaurasia and a fire show by the Carnival of the Divine Imagination(rhythmic fire and light performance group from Brisbane, Australia) pulled huge crowds. BITSMUN (BITS Model United Nations) made its maiden appearance during this edition. ACYUT 2, a humanoid robot made by BITS students, was a significant attraction during the 3 days of the festival. Quark 2010 surpassed its predecessor in terms of popularity as it attracted more than 35,000 students from different national colleges. The festival was inaugurated by the Honorable Chancellor of BITS, Pilani University Mr. Kumar Mangalam Birla. Guest Lectures by Mr. Vic Hayes (known as the Father of Wi-Fi), Nobel Laureates - Prof. Harry Kroto and Prof. Douglas Osheroff, and delegates from Mozilla Foundation were prominent features of Quark 2010. This edition marked the expansion of the festival to international grounds. Graviton, an off-campus initiative aimed at spreading academic innovation through a workshop series on Ethical hacking (GEHWS) and Robotics (GRWS), was organized in the buildup to the festival. This edition of Quark also saw a series of workshops on Fuel Cell Development, Social Media Marketing and Application development on the Windows 7 platform, amongst others. Logo The Quark logo highlights how Quark as a festival will never stop growing. The spirit of innovation and progress is reflected in the way Quark has constantly brought something new and wonderful to offer. In lieu of this, the left half of the new logo appears like a blueprint or something always under construction. The right half shows the developed Quark, depicting the fiery passion, unity and teamwork, and thought and creativity, all of which goes into making Quark the tremendous success that it always is. The Quark banner is synonymous with innovation, as each edition boasts of events, guest lectures, workshops and special nights surpassing the ingenuity and grandeur of its predecessors. Events Quark has bloomed under various panels such as: 1. Electrify 2. Roboficial 3. Design and Build 4. Programmers' Inc. 5. Corporate 6. Elixir 7. Initiatives 8. Specials 9. Quark Summer Technical Projects Specials BITSMUN BITSMUN (BITS Model United Nations) is a United Nations simulation, held with an aim to educate participants in civics, current events, effective public speaking, globalization and multilateral diplomacy. The event follows the standard MUN format, in which participants take up roles as international diplomats or delegates and engage in a simulated United Nations conference. BITSMUN is spread over three days, consisting of an inauguration ceremony on Day 1 and a Delegates Ball on Day 2 in addition to two daily sessions of 3 hours on all three days. Exhibitions, workshops and guest lectures Several workshops were conducted during the course of Quark 2010. As part of 'Corporate' events, a Six Sigma workshop by KPMG was held. An Adobe Flex workshop was conducted to familiarize students with the Adobe Flex software development kit along with a PSoC workshop by Cypress Semiconductors. In addition to this, there were exhibitions by DRDO, CSIR and ISRO. For Quark 2013, there were workshops by Wikimedia gadget development for MediaWiki and the Python Wikipedia bot framework (or PyWikipediaBot) used for automating tasks on a wiki. Other workshops included learning vision robotics, Raspberry Pi and WSN by Inventrom and the like. Quark, in its recent editions, has also presented Guest Lectures by Nobel Laureates Sir Harry Kroto, Prof. Douglas Osheroff and Mr. Vic Hayes. It has also had leading professors such as MIT Emeritus professor of Physics, Walter Lewin in the 2014 edition. Aurora Aurora refers to the special performances during the nights of Quark. Recent performers include the London-based troupe 'Feeding the Fish'(performers at the 2004 Athens Olympics) and 'The Carnival of Divine Imagination' from Australia. The institute's own dance, mime, music and drama clubs also perform at these nights. Corporate social responsibility Red Quark has also been a promoter of social responsibilities. Using the wide geographical reach of the organizers, Quark started a nationwide blood donation initiative called Red that increased awareness of blood donation in India. It was initiated in collaboration with the Indian Red Cross Society. It was started with a goal to increase awareness and dispel irrational fears about blood donation in the youth of India. It also aims to increase the voluntary blood donors database in India in an effort to make a difference in health care facilities across the country Sponsorship Quark, with a footfall exceeding 30,000, witnesses participation from over 200 colleges from across India. Since its inception, Quark has attracted sponsorship associations from companies including Sabre, eBay, IBM, Mahindra, Toyota, Cypress Semiconductors, CEAT, Honeywell, Applied Materials and Syngenta. Media Over the years, Quark has had associations with various media outlets such as The Hindu, Hindustan times, The Times of India, Big FM, Radio Mirchi, BBC Knowledge Magazine, Digit, Business Economics magazine and several others. Quark has also been covered by magazines such as Engineering Review, Exhibit, Electronics For You, Power Learning and Youth Inc magazine for the past few years. Also, Quark has been extensively featured on several websites and social media pages like ScoopWhoop and The Scribbled Stories. Besides this Quark has been widely covered by Goan TV channels, Newspapers and magazines. References External links Quark official website Quark Facebook page: https://www.facebook.com/bitsquark/ Technical festivals in India Birla Institute of Technology and Science, Pilani

Gligor Gligorov (born 5 March 1987) is a footballer from North Macedonia who most recently played for FK Kit-Go Pehčevo. International career He made his senior debut for Macedonia as a late substitute for Goran Pandev in a November 2009 friendly match against Iran in Teheran. Statistics References External links Profile at MacedonianFootball 1987 births Living people People from Probištip Men's association football defenders Macedonian men's footballers North Macedonia men's international footballers FK Sileks players FC Baník Ostrava players Tampines Rovers FC players HŠK Zrinjski Mostar players FK Bregalnica Štip players Macedonian First Football League players Czech First League players Singapore Premier League players Premier League of Bosnia and Herzegovina players Macedonian Second Football League players Macedonian expatriate men's footballers Expatriate men's footballers in the Czech Republic Macedonian expatriate sportspeople in the Czech Republic Expatriate men's footballers in Singapore Expatriate men's footballers in Bosnia and Herzegovina Macedonian expatriate sportspeople in Bosnia and Herzegovina

The partial least squares path modeling or partial least squares structural equation modeling (PLS-PM, PLS-SEM) is a method for structural equation modeling that allows estimation of complex cause-effect relationships in path models with latent variables. Overview PLS-PM is a component-based estimation approach that differs from the covariance-based structural equation modeling. Unlike covariance-based approaches to structural equation modeling, PLS-PM does not fit a common factor model to the data, it rather fits a composite model. In doing so, it maximizes the amount of variance explained (though what this means from a statistical point of view is unclear and PLS-PM users do not agree on how this goal might be achieved). In addition, by an adjustment PLS-PM is capable of consistently estimating certain parameters of common factor models as well, through an approach called consistent PLS-PM (PLSc-PM). A further related development is factor-based PLS-PM (PLSF), a variation of which employs PLSc-PM as a basis for the estimation of the factors in common factor models; this method significantly increases the number of common factor model parameters that can be estimated, effectively bridging the gap between classic PLS-PM and covariance‐based structural equation modeling. The PLS-PM structural equation model is composed of two sub-models: the measurement models and the structural model. The measurement models represent the relationships between the observed data and the latent variables. The structural model represents the relationships between the latent variables. An iterative algorithm solves the structural equation model by estimating the latent variables by using the measurement and structural model in alternating steps, hence the procedure's name, partial. The measurement model estimates the latent variables as a weighted sum of its manifest variables. The structural model estimates the latent variables by means of simple or multiple linear regression between the latent variables estimated by the measurement model. This algorithm repeats itself until convergence is achieved. PLS is viewed critically by several methodological researchers. A major point of contention has been the claim that PLS-PM can always be used with very small sample sizes. A recent study suggests that this claim is generally unjustified, and proposes two methods for minimum sample size estimation in PLS-PM. Another point of contention is the ad hoc way in which PLS-PM has been developed and the lack of analytic proofs to support its main feature: the sampling distribution of PLS-PM weights. However, PLS-PM is still considered preferable (over covariance‐based structural equation modeling) when it is unknown whether the data's nature is common factor- or composite-based. See also Partial least squares regression Principal component analysis Structural equation modeling References Least squares Graphical models Structural equation models

"Orwellian" is a song by Manic Street Preachers, released as the lead single from their 14th studio album, The Ultra Vivid Lament, on 14 May 2021, alongside a YouTube lyric video. Background Announced as a departure from the sound of their 2018 previous effort Resistance Is Futile, the single tries to capture the essence of the new album, musically and lyrically. Wire stated that "the track is about the battle to claim meaning, the erasing of context within debate, the overriding sense of factional conflict driven by digital platforms leading to a perpetual state of culture war... It felt like the perfect sonic and lyrical introduction to The Ultra Vivid Lament". The meaning of the song has been seen as political, much due to the social context in which the song was released, musically it echoes ABBA, Talk Talk and Fleetwood Mac. In an interview with The Quietus Nicky Wire said that the song was the rejection of digital coercion, much like their previous 2010 song from Postcards from a Young Man, "Don't Be Evil", the single focuses on how the tech platforms overload information and lack the capacity for nuance that have fostered so many of people's insecurities, including Wire's. “Every time I put anything on, Peloton’s just fucking staring at me. Or fucking Park Run. What happened to the loneliness of the long-distance runner?” The magazine goes further saying that "It raises a complex issue, and there are plenty of holes you could pick in Wire's arguments, yet it still feels articulate and focussed, the words in perfect step with Bradfield’s pumping pop piano chords and bracing crescendo chorus". Later, on June 10 the band showed a new video, adding to the previous lyrical one, directed by Kieran Evans, about the video, the latter said that "For this album project, Nicky Wire and myself decided there should be more experimentation to the visual approach to both the promos and short films we have planned", concluding that "We’ve called this clip of 'Orwellian' a 'visualised' version because it's not strictly a promo, it’s much more of a visual interpretation of the song by me." Release The song was released as a download on 14 May 2021. After its launch, The Guardian reported on the song, questioning if we do indeed live in Orwellian times. Giving a negative answer to this question it goes on to say that "People who ought to know better, including people who once sang about how “libraries gave us power”, have long used the word Orwellian as shorthand for a bit like Orwell’s Nineteen Eighty-Four”, finishing with "This is very much not the normal function of eponyms: after all, Orwell was not recommending that we adopt his Orwellian vision. It’s as if we were to use Shakespearean to mean “approving of rape, murder, and cannibalism”, simply because such things happen in Titus Andronicus. An Orwellian practice indeed". About the song The Quietus stated that "it can be weaponised by the left and the righ", going further "taken in isolation – which is literally what happens when you release a single (especially an album's lead single) – it feels a little weak, a compromised response to extreme times. “It feels impossible to pick a side”, Wire writes (and Bradfield sings). Does it really, when the right are in the ascendancy? This equivocation smells like a cop-out. However, a reference to “the playing fields and exclusive clubs” does leave no doubt that the Manics have not forgotten who their real enemies are." The Line of Best Fit wrote about the song: "Fingertips on the greater tonal range of a piano like on "Orwellian", where the almost gutsy succession of harmonies must have seen its birth on some ivory keys in some basement west of some big island in the North Sea." Personnel Manic Street Preachers James Dean Bradfield – lead vocals, guitar, piano Nicky Wire – vocals, bass guitar Sean Moore – drums References 2021 singles 2021 songs Manic Street Preachers songs Songs written by Sean Moore (musician) Songs written by Nicky Wire Songs written by James Dean Bradfield

Guillermo Durán and Horacio Zeballos were the defending champions but chose to participate with different partners. Durán played alongside Andrés Molteni while Zeballos played with Julio Peralta. Durán lost in the first round to Andrea Arnaboldi and Ramkumar Ramanathan. Zealous successfully defended his title, defeating Aliaksandr Bury and Andrei Vasilevski 6–4, 6–3 in the final. Seeds Draw References Main Draw AON Open Challenger - Doubles AON Open Challenger AON

The Victory Shield is an annual football tournament competed for by the under-16 teams of Scotland, Republic of Ireland, Northern Ireland and Wales. The Victory Shield had traditionally been competed for by the four Home Nations, but the Football Association withdrew the England team from the tournament "for the foreseeable future" in 2015. The competition was continued after England's withdrawal, with the Republic of Ireland taking their place. The competition was competed by under-15 teams until 2001, when switching to under-16 to fall in line with UEFA competitions. List of previous winners Pre-War Incomplete 1925 – Post-War 1940s 1946–47 1947–48 1948–49 1949–50 1950s 1950–51 , & – joint champions 1951–52 1952–53 1953–54 1954–55 1955–56 1956–57 1957–58 1958–59 1959–60 1960s 1960–61 1961–62 1962–63 1963–64 1964–65 1965–66 1966–67 1967–68 & – joint champions 1968–69 1969–70 1970s 1970–71 1971–72 1972–73 1973–74 1974–75 1975–76 1976–77 1977–78 & – joint champions 1978–79 1979–80 & – joint champions 1980s 1980–81 & – joint champions 1981–82 1982–83 & – joint champions 1983–84 1984–85 1985–86 & – joint champions 1986–87 1987–88 1988–89 1989–90 1990s 1990–91 , & – joint champions 1991–92 1992–93 1993–94 1994–95 1995–96 1996–97 & – joint champions 1997–98 1998–99 1999–2000 2000s 2000–01 2001–02 2002–03 2003–04 & – joint champions 2004–05 2005–06 & – joint champions 2006–07 2007–08 2008–09 2009–10 2010s 2010–11 2011–12 2012–13 2013–14 2014–15 2015–16 2016–17 2017–18 2018–19 2019–20 & – joint champions 2020-21 | Not Played 2021-22 & – joint champions 2022-23 Overall winners since World War II – 38 (outright winners) – 17 (outright winners) – 3 (outright winners) – 1 (outright winners) – 3 (outright winners) and – 8 (shared) , and – 2 (shared) and – 2 (shared) and – 2 (shared) References External links International association football competitions hosted by England International association football competitions hosted by Scotland International association football competitions hosted by Wales International association football competitions hosted by Northern Ireland Youth association football competitions for international teams

AKG Acoustics (originally Akustische und Kino-Geräte Gesellschaft m.b.H., ) is an acoustics engineering and manufacturing company. It was founded in 1947 by Rudolf Görike and Ernest Plass in Vienna, Austria. It is a part of Harman International Industries, a subsidiary of Samsung Electronics since 2017. The products currently marketed under the AKG brand mostly consist of microphones, headphones, wireless audio systems and related accessories for professional and consumer markets. History The company was founded in Vienna, Austria in 1947 by two Viennese: physicist Rudolf Görike and engineer Ernst Pless. Originally, its main business was to provide technical equipment for cinemas: loudspeakers, film projectors and light meters. The business slowly expanded and AKG started selling car horns, door intercoms, carbon microphone capsules for telephones, headsets and cushion speakers. About this time, the company developed its first patents, the moving coil technology and the principle of mass load membranes, allowing its products to have extended frequency ranges. With the creation of the D12 microphone in 1953, AKG achieved international fame, setting the standard for voice transmissions. Being the world's first dynamic cardioid microphone, it possessed excellent sonic qualities for that time, making its way into radio stations and recording studios from across the world. The product was improved through subsequent upgrades, spanning the famous C414 and C12 microphones. By the end of the 1970s and into the 1980s magnetic cartridges were produced, such as the P25 in 1982. In 1984, AKG became a public company, listed on the Vienna stock exchange. As a blue chip company, it was one of the most traded stocks. The company was acquired by the American company Harman International Industries in 1994. By this time, AKG's United States subsidiary had been established (in Los Angeles in 1985). AKG Acoustics USA, still headquartered in the San Fernando Valley, also houses regional offices for Crown Audio, another Harman Industries subsidiary. In 2010, the company received the prestigious Technical Grammy award. In 2016 it was announced that the AKG Vienna facilities (headquarters, manufacturing, and engineering) would be shut down in 2017, with a transfer of brand headquarters to California, USA. Most current AKG-branded products are made in Harman's overseas production facilities. In 2017, a group of former AKG engineers based in Austria formed Austrian Audio, competing with AKG. Timeline 1945 – Rudolf Görike and Ernst Pless begin supplying film equipment to theatres in post-war Vienna. 1949 – AKG founded by Görike and Pless as Akustische und Kino-Geräte Gesellschaft m.b.H. 1949 – AKG begins producing headphones, the first model being the K120 DYN. 1953 – introduces the world's first dynamic cardioid microphone 1955 – founds a German subsidiary 1985 – founds a U.S. subsidiary, based in Northridge, Los Angeles, California 1991 – produces its first wireless microphones, the WMS100 and WMS900 1994 – becomes part of Harman International Industries 2006 – produces a limited 60th anniversary edition of the celebrated C414 LTD microphone. 2010 – AKG Acoustics received a Grammy Award for the work the company has done in the recording field. Dinesh Paliwal, the current chief executive officer, picked up the award on behalf of the company. 2010 – AKG announces a partnership with Quincy Jones to manufacture a signature line of headphones featuring stylized designs and modified drivers. 2012 – AKG announces its partnership with disc jockey Tiësto to start manufacturing headphones under Tiësto's name. 2016 – Harman decided to shut down all facilities in Vienna in 2017. 2017 – Harman was bought by Samsung Electronics. 2017 – Headquarters of the AKG brand is transferred to California, United States Products Microphones Among its professional products especially noteworthy is the first C 12 (introduced in 1953) and its successors and alternate versions, which include the Telefunken Ela M 250 and M 251 (1960), the C 24 stereo microphone, the C 412, and over a dozen different models which have carried the designation "C 414" in various forms. Those microphones are equipped with the famous CK12 large diaphragm capsule designed by AKG's engineer Konrad Wolf. The CK12 was a milestone in transducer technology and the first to offer constant frequency response and sensitivity for all polar patterns (omni to figure eight). AKG microphones have been used for shooting Hans Hass's film Adventures in the Red Sea and were installed on the MIR space station. They are also mentioned by Dan Brown in his novels The Da Vinci Code and Deception Point. Some microphone models include: D12E - a dynamic cardioid microphone with a bass boost between 60 and 120 Hz utilized for sources with high sound pressure and low-frequency content D130 - an omnidirectional microphone often used by reporters D19c - dynamic cardioid mic. Often used by Norman Smith and Geoff Emerick as drum overheads on Ringo Starr's drums on Beatles recording sessions (1964-1967) D190 D222 - a dual capsule dynamic microphone used at the despatch boxes of the UK parliament D220 D330 - a high-end dynamic vocal microphone used by ABBA. D112 - a large diaphragm dynamic microphone, popular for bass drums and other bass instruments C12 - a valve condenser microphone - the original version is now a collectors' item selling for around $10,000 C12VR - "The C12 VR is an enhanced version of the original C12, from the capsule sound to the original 6072A vacuum tube carefully handcrafted in Vienna, Austria." C214 - a large diaphragm condenser with single Cardioid pickup pattern C314 - a large diaphragm condenser with 4 variable pickup patterns, -20 dB Gain, 100 Hz HPF C414 - a large diaphragm condenser with 9 variable pickup patterns, -6/12/18 dB Gain, 3 variable HPF C451 - a small diaphragm condenser microphone, originally made between the 1960s and 1980s, recently reissued C535 - a high-quality condenser vocal microphone. AKG made a gold-plated one for Frank Sinatra. D409 D5 C1000S - a small diaphragm condenser (four versions released from 1986-2012) C2000B - a side-address, small diaphragm condenser C3000(B) - a large diaphragm condenser (five versions released from 1993-2012) C4000B - a dual‑diaphragm multi‑pattern electret microphone SolidTube - (discontinued) A large-diaphragm microphone, cardioid polar pattern, dating from 1997. Use of a vacuum tube, (an ECC83 / 12AX7), for which spares are readily available, resulted in low-level distortion that may be perceived as an enhancement "warmth" to the sound. It featured a ground lift switch on the power supply, which can be useful in combating ground loop problems. Standard accessories included a spider type shock mount, pop screen and strong carrying case. DMS Wireless Microphone System Headphones AKG also manufactures a range of high-specification headphones. The K50 model, introduced in 1959 were the world's first supra-aural and open-back headphones. The K1000 was the flagship model, but is no longer being produced. It was a unique fully open headphone. The current flagship model for the AKG headphone line-up is the K812. The K702 features a removable cord and is black, the K701 is white. The Q701 also has a detachable cable and comes in three color variants: white, black, and a lime green. All three models are still in production. The K701s have been largely used by professional musicians and technicians in recording studios. Many top recording studios use AKG K240 headphones as a solution for best general use for both monitor and playback. They received particular notoriety from their prominent display in Eddie Murphy's 1985 music video for "Party All the Time" (which features the K240 Monitor). Another notable, yet short-lived, model was the K280 Parabolic, a multi-driver headphone which focused compression waves to a central point in the earcup. As well as studio headphones, AKG also manufactures a range of Hi-Fi headphones and earphones for domestic use. One notable use includes Samsung, their parent company, using AKG to tune their headphones that come equipped with Samsung's most-recent flagship devices, starting with the Galaxy S8, S8+ to Note 20 and Note 20 Ultra, the stereo speakers as of the Galaxy S9, S9+, S10E, S10+, Note 9, and the Note 10 (USB Type-C connector). In 2017, the Y50 model was awarded Product of the Year for on-ear headphones by What Hi-Fi? magazine. See also List of microphone manufacturers Crown International References External links AKG Brass CK12 capsule 2017 – AKG Vienna facility shut down AKG K845 BT Review Electronics companies established in 1947 Harman International Headphones manufacturers Microphone manufacturers Music equipment manufacturers Manufacturing companies based in Vienna Austrian brands Audio equipment manufacturers of Austria Austrian companies established in 1947

Tollatsch is a German dessert from the region of Pomerania. It is made of flour, sugar, a blend of Lebkuchen spices, bread crumbs, almonds, and raisins. Tollatsch also contains the uncommon ingredients pork blood and Griebenschmalz (schmaltz with gribenes). The dough is cooked in meat broth. See also List of desserts References Pandikow, B.: Tollatsch und Schlabuffersuppe. Erinnerungen an Tribsees. Fallada, H.: Das Wunder des Tollatsch. German desserts Pomerania

Earlham Street Market is a street market in situated in the Seven Dials area of Covent Garden on a short road between Shaftesbury Avenue and Monmouth Street. Licences to trade are issued by Camden London Borough Council. The market has street food and clothing for sale. It has 24 pitches and is open from Monday to Saturday, 10.00 to 16.00. History Early history (1710–1867) The street was completed in 1710 and it is likely that the market dates from then. Unregulated street markets allowed London to grow explosively in the late 19th and early 20th centuries. The traders could move easily to the new population centres and enabled people to buy provisions without having to travel to the central London wholesale markets. In the early morning traders would load their barrows at the wholesale markets, clean and sort the goods, and then sell them in the new suburban streets. In many cases, the sites of these markets became London's modern high streets. Management by the police (1867–1927) In 1867, section six of the Metropolitan Streets Act effectively prohibited street trading. Following public meetings and press criticism, the act was amended within weeks. Section one of the Metropolitan Streets Act Amendment Act 1867 exempted traders but they were now subject to regulation by the police. In 1877 Adolphe Thompson describes the market as crowded with traders and being between the Seven Dials and Five Dials (now demolished to make way for Shaftesbury Avenue). In 1892 the market consisted of 41 stalls of which 12 were operated by shopkeepers and the remainder by independent street traders. The market was greatly diminished from its former size. The Market is described as "having existed beyond memory" and being "a marketing centre for the district". Management by local councils (1927–present) Metropolitan Borough of Holborn (1927–1965) The London County Council (General Powers) Act 1927 replaced police regulation with a new licensing regime administered by metropolitan borough councils. From 1927 to 1965 the market was managed by the Metropolitan Borough of Holborn. London Borough of Camden (1965–present) In 1965 the Borough of Holborn was abolished and its area became part of the London Borough of Camden. Perlmutter records the market having 22 pitches in 1983 but that they were largely unoccupied. He lists fresh seafood, antiques, and vintage records for sale. In the mid-1990s the market is described as consisting of 12 stalls selling army surplus, clothing new and second hand, wooden toys, and recorded music. Transport Bus Bus Routes 14, 19, 24, 29, and 176. Railway and tube The nearest stations are Covent Garden and Leicester Square. References External links Camden Council's street markets page, the operator of Earlham Street Market Earlham Street Market—National Market Traders Federation Retail markets in London 18th-century establishments in England Streets in the City of Westminster Covent Garden

Mallorysville is an unincorporated community in Wilkes County, in the U.S. state of Georgia. History Mallorysville was named after William Mallory, a county official. The Mallorysville post office closed in 1903. The Georgia General Assembly incorporated Mallorysville as a town in 1819. The town's municipal charter was repealed in 1995. References Former municipalities in Georgia (U.S. state) Unincorporated communities in Wilkes County, Georgia Unincorporated communities in Georgia (U.S. state) Populated places disestablished in 1995

KS ROW 1964 Rybnik is a Polish association football club based in Rybnik. The club was formed in 2003 on the basis of RKS Energetyk Rybnik (founded in 1981) and traces its roots back to ROW Rybnik's football section, which was founded in 1964, and dissolved in the early 1990s. The club was called Energetyk ROW Rybnik between 2003 and 2015. While KS ROW spent 7 seasons in the Ekstraklasa (1968–69, 1970–71, 1972–77), were runners-up of 1974–75 Polish Cup and played in the Intertoto Cup (1971, 1973, 1975, 1976), Energetyk ROW's biggest success to date has been the promotion to 2013–14 I Liga, the second tier in Polish league pyramid. Before the 2015-2016 season after a fan vote and a board change, the club returned its historical roots and renamed itself "KS ROW 1964", dropping its affiliation with "Energetyk". History The history of football in Rybnik dates back to 1920, when a group of Polish activists, who participated in the Silesian Uprisings, formed a sports organisation in Rybnik. ROW itself was not formed until 1964, when two sports clubs, Górnik Rybnik and Górnik 23 Chwałowice, from nearby Chwałowice, merged. In its heyday (1970s), ROW Rybnik had 13 departments, including the most popular: football and speedway. ROW Rybnik was officially created on August 6, 1964, upon the decision of local authorities. Its first manager was an influential coal magnate from Upper Silesia and chairman of Rybnik Union of Coal Industry, Jerzy Kucharczyk. ROW originally had 13 departments, including ski-jumping. Each department was financially supported by a different factory: ROW’s football team was sponsored by the Chwałowice Coal Mine. In the 1966/67 season of Upper Silesian Third Division, ROW emerged as a winner, and was promoted to the 2nd division. In the summer of 1968, ROW won promotion to the Ekstraklasa, finishing below Zagłębie Wałbrzych, but ahead of Zawisza Bydgoszcz and Lech Poznań. After one year, the team was relegated, to once again win promotion to the first level of Polish football, after the 1969–70 season. Once again, ROW was relegated in the summer of 1971, to return to the Ekstraklasa in mid-1972 and remain there for five years. In the 1974–75 season, ROW managed to reach the final of the Polish Cup, beating Metal Kluczbork, Legia Warsaw, Polonia Bytom, Lech Poznań and Górnik Zabrze in the semifinal. Final game, versus Stal Rzeszów, ended in a draw, and after penalty shootout, Stal won the Polish Cup. ROW was relegated from the Ekstraklasa after the 1976–77 season, never to return to the top division. After several years in the Second Division, the team was in 1983 relegated to the Third Division. In the early 1990s, ROWs football team was dissolved. Among top players, who put on ROW’s jersey were Henryk Wieczorek, Piotr Mowlik, and Eugeniusz Lerch. Altogether, ROW played seven years in Ekstraklasa: 198 games, 50 victories, 65 draws, 83 losses, 165 goals scored. It played in the Intertoto Cup four times. The football section was re-founded in 2003 on the basis of Energetyk Rybnik, a small local team, and was subsequently renamed Energetyk ROW Rybnik, and although continuing the traditions of the original club, is considered a new entity. Energetyk ROW's biggest success to date has been the promotion to 2013–14 I Liga, the second tier in Polish league pyramid. Before the 2015-2016 season after a fan vote and a board change, the club returned its historical roots and renamed itself "KS ROW 1964", dropping its affiliation with "Energetyk". Honours Domestic Polish Cup: Runners-up (1): 1974–75 European Intertoto Cup: Winners (2): 1973 (group 5), 1975 (group 6) European record Current squad As of 26 September 2021 References External links Former official website Unofficial supporter-run website Association football clubs established in 1964 1964 establishments in Poland 2003 establishments in Poland Football clubs in Silesian Voivodeship Rybnik

The Master Scratch Band are a group considered to have started Serbian hip hop in the early 1980s with their Degout EP, which was released through Jugoton in the year 1984. The release had five electro-breakbeat tracks with rap in English and Serbian. As Serbia was a part of Yugoslavia at the time, the release is also considered the first Yugoslav hip hop release. Zoran Jevtić, Zoran Vračević and Miša Stojisiljević composed, programmed, recorded and produced the MSB project. Since the only samplers available then were far beyond their financial reach, the trio had to employ some tricks to achieve the sound they wanted. Synthesizers, drum machines, vocoders and delay processors were used in an innovative way. The team worked with a number of contributors over a month or so in the famous "Druga Maca" studio. The studio time was free of charge, since the owner was curious about the MSB's music, which was so radically different at the time. The Degout EP was released by the Jugoton label, from Zagreb (in SR Croatia, Yugoslavia (today independent Croatia)). The EP resulted in two chart hits in Yugoslavia and a number of TV appearances. See also Serbian hip hop Yugoslav musical groups Serbian hip hop groups

Týniště may refer to places in the Czech Republic: Týniště (Plzeň-South District), a municipality and village in the Plzeň Region Týniště nad Orlicí, a town in the Hradec Králové Region Týniště, a village and part of Malešov in the Central Bohemian Region Týniště, a village and part of Verušičky in the Karlovy Vary Region Týniště, a village and part of Zubrnice in the Ústí nad Labem Region

Fanny Laure Appes Ekanga (born 9 June 1989) is a Cameroonian sprinter. She represented her country at the 2010 and 2018 Commonwealth Games. International competitions 1Did not start in the semifinals Personal bests Outdoor 100 metres – 11.39 (-1.1 m/s, Ghent 2014) 200 metres – 23.73 (+1.3 m/s, Brussels 2014) 400 metres – 56.84 (Oordegem 2017) Indoor 60 metres – 7.45 (Ghent 2014) References 1989 births Living people Cameroonian female sprinters Athletes (track and field) at the 2010 Commonwealth Games Athletes (track and field) at the 2018 Commonwealth Games Athletes (track and field) at the 2019 African Games Commonwealth Games competitors for Cameroon Competitors at the 2011 Summer Universiade Competitors at the 2013 Summer Universiade African Games competitors for Cameroon 20th-century Cameroonian women 21st-century Cameroonian women

"Dy-Na-Mi-Tee" is a song by British rapper Ms. Dynamite, released as the second single from her debut studio album, A Little Deeper (2002), on 26 August 2002. It reached number five on the UK Singles Chart that September, her highest position reached to date on the chart until "Lights On" with Katy B reached number four in 2010. The song also reached the top 40 in Italy, New Zealand, Spain, and Switzerland. Ms. Dynamite performed the track at the Live 8 concert in Hyde Park, London. There is a remix of the song featuring Nas and produced by Swizz Beatz. Track listings UK and Australian CD single "Dy-Na-Mi-Tee" "Dy-Na-Mi-Tee" (Yoruba soul mix) "It Takes More" (Radio 1 Live Lounge) "Dy-Na-Mi-Tee" (video) UK 12-inch and cassette single "Dy-Na-Mi-Tee" "Dy-Na-Mi-Tee" (Yoruba soul mix) Charts Weekly charts Year-end charts Certifications References Ms. Dynamite songs 2002 singles 2002 songs Polydor Records singles Song recordings produced by Salaam Remi Songs about childhood Songs written by Ms. Dynamite Songs written by Salaam Remi

John Marmion, Baron Marmion of Winteringham was an Anglo-Norman baron who represented Lincolnshire in Parliament and fought in the Wars of Scottish Independence. Ancestry Marmion was the son of William Marmion, 2nd Baron Marmion of Winteringham and his wife Lorette, daughter of Richard FitzRoy and granddaughter of King John. Career and life In 1276 Marmion paid homage to the Abbot of Peterborough who granted him his father's lands. He was distrained for knighthood in 1278. Marmion served repeatedly in the Scottish War from 1291 to 1322. Marmion was summoned to the king's councils on 8 June 1294, 26 January 1297 and from 26 July 1313 to 14 March 1322 and as a Knight of the Shire for Lincolnshire to York on 25 May 1298. During the turbulence of 1314 that saw growing friction between Edward II, Piers Gaveston and Thomas, 2nd Earl of Lancaster and his large private army, Marmion became involved in trouble for reasons not immediately obvious. An arrest warrant was issued for both John and his son John Marmion who led a group of dozens of men on a raid upon Fountains Abbey's land at Aldeburgh and Balderby, Yorkshire. Timber, two hundred sheep, fifty oxen and four carts were stolen and the abbot's servants suffered kidnapping, beatings, cuts and had their beards plucked out. The abbot and his monks may not have been entirely innocent having themselves been accused of violent assault in 1307 and of stealing deer in 1316. The dispute seems to have been overtaken by events and after the disastrous Battle of Bannockburn Marmion was summoned to defend the north against the rampant Scots. Forgiveness was forthcoming and on 24 September 1314 he was granted licence to crenellate his mansion "the Hermitage" in his wood at Tanfield. The king ordered Marmion to not go to the Earl of Lancaster's meeting of good peers on 29 November 1321. He was then ordered to bring his forces to Coventry on 28 February 1322 to march against the Earl's adherents. This culminated in the Battle of Boroughbridge on 16 March 1322. Marmion likely died at the battle, or shortly after, as on 7 May 1322 an inquisition post-mortem was held to assess his estates in Yorkshire which established that he owned West Tanfield, Wath, Langeton and Wirton manors, and one knight's fee in Exelby. A second inquisition found he owned Quinton, Gloucestershire, Berwick and Wingeton in Sussex, Luddington and Castre in Northamptonshire and Willingham and Winteringham in Lincolnshire. In addition to his manors, Marmion also held four knight's fees at Wintringham and Wolingham, one at Keisby and a 1/4 at Trickingham and Stowe. Family and descendants Marmion married Isabella (perhaps Peck?) and had a son John Marmion, who died in 1335. Another son may have been Richard Marmion who was accused of cutting William Gentyl's right hand off at Gunthorpe, Lincolnshire in 1317. Notes References Sources External links – Possible site of Marmion Hermitage Manor House at West Tanfield Year of birth unknown 1322 deaths English MPs 1298 English people of French descent People from the Borough of North Lincolnshire 3

Eturnagaram is a village and a mandal in Mulugu district in the state of Telangana in India. Dolmen There is a megalithic dolmen graves site near Eturnagaram in Eturnagaram Wildlife Sanctuary. . Wildlife sanctuary The mandal area is surrounded by a deep forest which includes a southern tropical dry deciduous type of teak and its associates including thiruman, maddi, and bamboo, while the fauna includes several endangered species including tiger, sloth bear, four-horned antelope, chinkara and black buck. It was declared a wildlife sanctuary in 1953 because of its bio-diversity. The sanctuary encompasses approximately in Warangal district. River Godavari also passes through the outskirts of the village. Climate The climate is usually hot around the year. The temperature often reaches 43°C during summer. There is a sufficient rainfall in the every year. The annual average rainfall is about 1000 mm References Mandals in Mulugu district Villages in Mulugu district