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Ravi Dhar is an American behavioral scientist, an expert in consumer behavior and branding, currently the George Rogers Clark Professor of Management and Marketing at Yale School of Management. He is also the director of the Center for Customer Insights at the Yale School of Management. He also has an affiliated appointment as professor of psychology in the Department of Psychology, Yale University.
References
Year of birth missing (living people)
Living people
Yale School of Management faculty
American economists
University of California, Berkeley alumni |
Omar/Umar/Omer is a masculine given name that has different origins in Arabic, Hebrew and German.
Umar or Omar is a common name () in Muslim Arab and Muslim populations in general. Omar is represented in Islamic traditions, meaning 'flourishing, long lived'. The name dates back to the emergence and military success of Islam, which were partly due to the second caliph Umar ibn al-Khattab (also spelled Omar, ).
There was also a biblical figure by the name of Omar () in the Hebrew Bible, meaning 'eloquent' or 'gifted speaker'. Another similar Hebrew name is Omer (), derived from 'sheaf' or 'bundle of grain'.
The name Omar is also used in Spanish-speaking countries. In the Middle Ages, there was a large population of Jews and Muslims in the Iberian Peninsula, therefore the name could have spread because of this.
The name is also popular as a man's name in Iceland, and to a much lesser extent in Nordic countries. The name can also be a variant of Ottomar or Othmar, a Germanic name consisting of elements , meaning 'wealthy', and , meaning 'fame'.
The name () is a Somali name, not a variant of Omar/Umar. It comes from the Somali word which means 'hot steam from boiling pot'.
Given name
Omar
Omar I of Kanem, ruler of Kanem, Chad from 1372 to 1380
Omar I of the Maldives (died 1341), sultan of the Maldives from 1306 to 1341
Omar II of the Maldives (died 1484), sultan of the Maldives from 1480 to 1484
Omar Abdi, Somali-Canadian diplomat
Omar Abdirashid Ali Sharmarke (born 1960), Somali diplomat and politician; former prime minister of Somalia
Omar Abdul Rahman (academic) (born 1932), Malaysian academic and corporate figure
Omar Abdullah, Indian politician from Jammu and Kashmir
Omar Abu-Riche (1910–1990), Syrian poet
Omar Ahmed, Kenyan boxer
Omar Arroyo (Mexican footballer) (born 1992)
Omar Atlas, former Venezuelan professional wrestler
Omar Ayuso (born 1998), Spanish actor
Omar Bakri Muhammad, Syrian Muslim militant who lived in the UK for 20 years and was later arrested as a terrorist
Omar Banos (born 1998, known professionally as Cuco), American singer-songwriter and record producer
Omar Barboza, Venezuelan politician
Omar al-Bashir (born 1944), former President of Sudan
Omar Benson Miller, American actor
Omar Bongo, President of Gabon (1967–2009)
Omar Bradley (1893-1981), American 5-star general, one of the main U.S. Army field commanders in North Africa and Europe during World War II
Omar Bradley (born 1958), mayor of Compton, California from 1993 until 2001
Omar Bravo, international Mexican football player
Omar Brown (disambiguation), multiple people
Omar Bugiel (born 1992), Lebanese footballer
Omar Bundy, career United States Army officer and general
Omar B. Bunnell, American businessman and politician
Omar Camporese (born 1968), former professional tennis player
Omar Chaparro, Mexican actor
Omar Cisneros, Cuban hurdler
Omar D. Conger (1818–1898), American politician
Omar Craddock, American triple jumper
Omar Abdallah Dakhqan (died 2012), Jordanian politician
Omar de Jesús (born 1976), Ecuadorian footballer
Omar Diallo (born 1972), Senegalese football goalkeeper
Omar Doom, American actor
Omar Epps, American actor
Omar Espinosa, American musician
Omar Faruk Tekbilek (born 1951), Turkish virtuoso flutist and multi-instrumentalist
Omar Muhamoud Finnish, Somali faction leader based in Mogadishu
Omar Borkan Al Gala, Iraqi model, actor, and photographer
Omar Gooding, American actor
Omar López Guzmán (born 1989), Mexican footballer
Omar Hammayil (b. 1976/77), mayor of Al-Bireh in the West Bank in the Palestinian territories.
Omar ibn al-Khattab, more commonly spelled Umar ibn al-Khattab (), the second Rashidun caliph of Islam; father of the prophet Muhammad's wife Hafsa bint Umar
Omar ibn Said (1770–1864), West African/American scholar
Omar Infante, second baseman for the Kansas City Royals
Omar Khadr, Canadian youth controversially convicted under the Military Commissions Act of 2009 of murder in violation of the law of war and providing material support for terrorism
Omar Khairat (born 1949), Egyptian pianist & musician, founder of the Egyptian Conservatory institution
Omar Khayyam (1048–1131), Persian poet and scientist
Omar Kiam (1894-1954), American fashion and costume designer
Omar Lulu, Indian film director of Malayalam cinema
Omar Lye-Fook (known professionally as Omar, born 1968), British soul singer and musician
Omar Malik (born 1992), Norwegian footballer
Omar Mascarell, Spanish football player
Omar Haji Massale, commander of the Somali military
Omar Mateen, the gunman in the Orlando nightclub shooting
Omar McLeod, Jamaican hurdler
Omar Meña, Cuban track and field sprinter
Omarr Morgan (born 1976), cornerback playing for the Saskatchewan Roughriders of the Canadian Football League
Omar Mukhtar, leader of the resistance movement against the Italian military occupation of Libya
Omar Naber, Slovenian singer
Omar Yoke Lin Ong, co-founder of Malaysian Chinese Association, Malaysian Chinese who converted to Islam
Omar Pasha (1806–1871), Serbian or Croatian Ottoman general
Omar Pineiro (born 1997), American rapper
Omar Pinzón, Colombian backstroke swimmer
Omar Pound (1926–2010), British author, son of Dorothy Shakespear and Ezra Pound
Omar al-Qattan (born 1964), Palestinian-British film director and film producer
Ómar Ragnarsson, Icelandic media personality and activist for nature and environment
Omar Rodríguez-López, lead guitarist and composer of The Mars Volta and former guitarist of At the Drive-In
Omar Ali Saifuddin I (died 1795), Sultan of Brunei from 1762 until 1795
Omar Ali Saifuddin II (died 1852), Sultan of Brunei from 1829 to 1852
Omar Ali Saifuddien III (1914–1986), Sultan of Brunei from 1950 to 1967
Omar Saidou Tall, 19th century West African political leader
Omar Samra, first Egyptian to climb Mount Everest
Omar Al Saqqaf (1923–1974), Saudi Arabian diplomat and politician
Omar Sey (1941–2018), Gambian politician
Omar Sharif, Academy Award nominated Egyptian actor
Omar Sivori, former international Argentine and Italian football player
Omarr Smith (born 1977), American football defensive back for the San Jose SaberCats
Omar Suleiman (1936–2012), Egyptian "minister without portfolio" and director of the Egyptian General Intelligence Services (EGIS)
Omar Sy (born 1978), French actor
Omar Torrijos, Commander of the Panamanian National Guard and the de facto leader of Panama from 1968 to 1981
Omar Vizquel, Major League Baseball shortstop playing for the Toronto Blue Jays
Omar Vrioni (fl. 1821), leading Ottoman figure in the Greek War of Independence
Omar Pasha Vrioni II (1839–1928), Albanian prime minister and diplomat
Omar Zepeda, Mexican race walker
Middle name
Abu Saeed Muhammad Omar Ali (1919–2012), Bangladeshi Islamic scholar and translator
Abuzed Omar Dorda (1944–2022), prime minister of Libya from 1990 to 1994, and Libya's permanent representative to the U.N. from 1997 to 2003
El Omar Fardi (born 2002), French footballer
Gabriel Omar Batistuta, former international Argentine football player
Mohamed Omar Habeb Dhere, Somali faction leader based in Jowhar
Sergio Omar Almirón, former international Argentine football player
Fictional characters
Omar, a mail carrier in Rubble & Crew
Omar ben Salaad, a sheikh in The Adventures of TinTin
Omer
Omer Adam (born 1993), Israeli singer
Omer Arbel, Canadian architect and designer
Omer Atzili (born 1993), Israeli footballer
Omer Avital (born 1971), Israeli-American jazz bassist, composer and bandleader
Omer (Book of Mormon), Jaredite king in the Book of Mormon
Omer Bar-Lev (born 1953), Israeli politician
Omer Bartov (born 1954), Israeli-American professor
Omer Buchsenbaum (born 1982), Israeli footballer
Omer N. Custer (1873–1942), American politician
Omer Damari (born 1989), Israeli footballer
Omer Elmas (born 1968 or 1969), Turkish wrestler
Omer Fadida (born 1990), Israeli footballer
Omer Golan (born 1982), Israeli footballer
Omer Hussain (born 1984), Scottish cricketer
Omer Meir Wellber (born 1981), Israeli conductor
Omer Nachmani (born 1993), Israeli footballer
Omer Peretz (born 1986), Israeli footballer
Omer Peretz (born 1990), Israeli footballer
Omer Reingold (born 1969), Israeli computer scientist
Omer Riza, British footballer of Turkish origin
Omer Shapira (born 1994), Israeli racing cyclist
Omer Stokes Jackson (1884-1940), American politician
Omer Tchalisher (born 1993), Israeli footballer
Omer Vered (born 1990), Israeli footballer
Saint Omer, or Saint Audomar, bishop of Thérouanne in northern France
Ómar
Ómar Ragnarsson (born 16 September 1940), Icelandic media personality and nature activist
Friðrik Ómar Hjörleifsson (born 4 October 1981), Icelandic singer representing Iceland in Eurovision Song Contest 2008, vocalist for Eurobandið
Ömer
Besim Ömer Akalın (1862–1940), Turkish physician and politician
Ömer Akgün (born 1982), Turkish sport shooter
Ömer Aşık (born 1986), Turkish professional basketball player
Ömer Boncuk (1917–1988), Turkish footballer
Ömer Çelik (born 1968), Turkish politician and government minister
Ömer Erdoğan, Turkish-German footballer
Ömer Güleryüz, Turkish amputee football player
Ömer Halisdemir (1974–2016), Turkish non-commissioned officer
Ömer Kavur (1944–2005), Turkish film director, producer and screenwriter
Ömer Kemaloğlu (born 1987), Turkish karateka
Ömer Özkan (born 1971), Turkish plastic surgeon
Ömer Seyfettin (1884–1920), Turkish nationalist writer
Ömer Can Sokullu, Turkish footballer
Ömer Naci Soykan, Turkish philosopher
Ömer Yurtseven (born 1998), Turkish basketball player
Oumar
Oumar Barro (born 1974), Burkinabé (from Burkina Faso) footballer
Oumar Dieng (born 1972), Senegalese footballer
Oumar Diouck (born 1994), Senegalese-born Belgian footballer
Oumar Kalabane (born 1981), Guinean footballer
Oumar Loum (born 1973), Senegalese athlete who competes in the 200 metres
Oumar Mariko (born 1959), Malian doctor, politician and noted former student activist
Oumar Niasse (born 1990), Senegalese footballer
Oumar Sène (born 1959), former Senegalese football midfielder
Oumar Tchomogo (born 1978), Beninese football player
Oumarou Ganda (1935–1981), Nigerian director and actor
Umar
Abadir Umar Ar-Rida (fl. 13th century), Somali Sheikh and saint of Harar
Abû 'Umar ibn Sa'îd (died c. 1287), the last ra’îs of Manûrqa (1282–1287)
Al-Muzaffar Umar (died 1191), Ayyubid prince of Hama and a general of Saladin
Ghali Umar Na'Abba (born 1964), Nigerian businessman and politician
Umar Abdulmutallab, Nigerian al-Qaeda member known as the Christmas Bomber
Malik Umar Hayat Khan (1875–1944), soldier of the Indian Empire, one of the largest landholders in the Punjab, and an elected member of the Council of the State of India
Mifta al-Usta Umar (1935–2010), former Head of State of Libya from 15 February 1984 to 7 October 1990
Sanjar Umarov (born 1956), prominent Uzbek politician and businessman
Sitta Umaru Turay (born 1978), Sierra Leonean journalist and member of the editorial Board of the Sierra Express newspaper
Umar I, or Umar ibn al-Khattab (), the second Rashidun caliph of Islam; father of the prophet Muhammad's wife Hafsa bint Umar
Umar II, or Umar ibn Abd al-Aziz (), Umayyad caliph
Umar al-Aqta, (fl. 830s–863), emir of Melitene
Umar Akmal, (born 1990) Pakistani cricketer
Umar Alisha (born 1966), 9th peethadhipathi of Sri Viswa Viznana Vidya Adhyatmika Peetham
Umar Arteh Ghalib (1930–2020), prominent Somali politician and a former prime minister of Somalia
Umar Bhatti (born 1984), Pakistani-born Canadian cricketer
Umar Dimayev (1908–1972), Chechen musician
Umar Din (ruled 1526–1553), sultan of Adal
Umar Gul, (born 1984), Pakistani former cricketer
Umar ibn Abd al-Aziz, or Umar II (), Umayyad caliph
Umar ibn Hafsun, 9th century leader of rebel forces in the Caliphate of Córdoba
Umar ibn al-Khattab, or Umar I (), the second Rashidun caliph of Islam; father of the prophet Muhammad's wife Hafsa bint Umar
Umar ibn Marwan ibn al-Hakam, the son of the fourth Umayyad caliph Marwan I; ruled for less than a year in 684–685
Umar ibn Sa'ad (c. 620–680), one of the leaders of the troops who killed the prophet Muhammad's grandson Husayn ibn Ali in the Battle of Karbala in 680
Umar ibn Uthman, a son of the third caliph Uthman ()
Umar Johnson (born 1974), American Pan-Africanist
Umar Kayam (1932–2002), Indonesian sociologist
Umar Muhammad (born 1975), American football player
Umar Mustafa al-Muntasir (1939–2001), prime minister of Libya from 1 March 1987 to 7 October 1990 and foreign minister from 1992 to 2000
Umar of Borno (died 1881), Sheikh of the Kanem-Bornu Empire
Umar Patek (born 1970), Indonesian involved in 2002 Bali Bombing
Umar Shaikh Mirza I (1356–1394), son of the Central Asian conqueror Timur
Umar Shaikh Mirza II (1456–1494), Timurid king of Ferghana and father of Babur, founder of the Mughal Empire in India
Umar Tall (c. 1797–1864), West African scholar and military commander
Umar Wirahadikusumah (1924–2003), Vice-President of Indonesia from 1983 to 1988
Umaru
Umaru Bangura (born 1987), Sierra Leonean international footballer
Umaru Dikko (1936–2014), Nigerian politician
Umaru Mutallab (born 1939), played a major role in introducing Islamic banking into Nigeria
Umaru Pulavar (born 1642), Tamil Muslim poet
Umaru Rahman (born 1982), Sierra Leonean international footballer
Umaru Yar'Adua (1951–2010), the 2nd President of Nigeria's Fourth Republic
Other
Omarion (born 1984), American R&B singer, actor, songwriter, record producer, dancer
Omarr Smith (born 1977), American football defensive back for the San Jose SaberCats
Oumarou Ganda (1935–1981), Nigerian director and actor
Umer Shareef (1955–2021), Pakistani stand-up comedian, stage, film and television actor, writer, director and producer
Umur the Lion (died 1348), the Turkish Emir of Aydin from 1336 to 1344
Surname
Omar
Adil Omar (born 1991), Pakistani hip-hop artist
Ayesha Omar, Pakistani actress and singer
Don Omar (born 1978), Puerto Rican rapper (full name "William Omar Landrón Rivera")
Elyas Omar (1936–2018), third Mayor of Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
Hairuddin Omar (born 1979), Malaysian professional footballer
Ilhan Omar (born 1981), Somali-American U.S. Representative for Minnesota's 5th congressional district
Mahmoud Abdel Salam Omar, Egyptian businessman
Mohammed Omar (1960–2013), Taliban leader of Afghanistan
Mohd Hamzani Omar (born 1978), Malaysian footballer
Nano Omar (born 1986), Swedish singer-songwriter
Omaar
Mohamed Abdullahi Omaar, Somali diplomat and politician
Rageh Omaar, Somali journalist and writer
Omer, Ömer
Abdisalam Omer, Somali economist and politician
Aihan Omer, Romanian handball coach
Atila Omer, American entrepreneur, co-founder of Collaborative Fusion
Oumar / Oumarou
Mamane Oumarou (born 1946), Nigerian political figure who served two brief periods as prime minister of Niger during the 1980s
Umar
Teuku Umar (c. 1854–1899), leader of Acehnese during the Aceh War
Yahya ibn Umar (died 864), Alid who rebelled against the Abbasid Caliphate
Omarova
Gulshat Omarova, Kazakh film director, actress and screen writer
See also
Omar (disambiguation)
Omar, a biblical figure
Omar (Vaishya), Hindu surname
References
Albanian masculine given names
Arabic-language masculine given names
Bosniak masculine given names
Pakistani masculine given names
Spanish masculine given names
Turkish masculine given names
Masculine given names
Portuguese masculine given names
Hebrew masculine given names
Arabic-language given names |
HTTP compression is a capability that can be built into web servers and web clients to improve transfer speed and bandwidth utilization.
HTTP data is compressed before it is sent from the server: compliant browsers will announce what methods are supported to the server before downloading the correct format; browsers that do not support compliant compression method will download uncompressed data. The most common compression schemes include gzip and Brotli; a full list of available schemes is maintained by the IANA.
There are two different ways compression can be done in HTTP. At a lower level, a Transfer-Encoding header field may indicate the payload of an HTTP message is compressed. At a higher level, a Content-Encoding header field may indicate that a resource being transferred, cached, or otherwise referenced is compressed. Compression using Content-Encoding is more widely supported than Transfer-Encoding, and some browsers do not advertise support for Transfer-Encoding compression to avoid triggering bugs in servers.
Compression scheme negotiation
The negotiation is done in two steps, described in RFC 2616 and RFC 9110:
1. The web client advertises which compression schemes it supports by including a list of tokens in the HTTP request. For Content-Encoding, the list is in a field called Accept-Encoding; for Transfer-Encoding, the field is called TE.
GET /encrypted-area HTTP/1.1
Host: www.example.com
Accept-Encoding: gzip, deflate
2. If the server supports one or more compression schemes, the outgoing data may be compressed by one or more methods supported by both parties. If this is the case, the server will add a Content-Encoding or Transfer-Encoding field in the HTTP response with the used schemes, separated by commas.
HTTP/1.1 200 OK
Date: mon, 26 June 2016 22:38:34 GMT
Server: Apache/1.3.3.7 (Unix) (Red-Hat/Linux)
Last-Modified: Wed, 08 Jan 2003 23:11:55 GMT
Accept-Ranges: bytes
Content-Length: 438
Connection: close
Content-Type: text/html; charset=UTF-8
Content-Encoding: gzip
The web server is by no means obligated to use any compression method – this depends on the internal settings of the web server and also may depend on the internal architecture of the website in question.
Content-Encoding tokens
The official list of tokens available to servers and client is maintained by IANA, and it includes:
br – Brotli, a compression algorithm specifically designed for HTTP content encoding, defined in and implemented in all modern major browsers.
compress – UNIX "compress" program method (historic; deprecated in most applications and replaced by gzip or deflate)
deflate – compression based on the deflate algorithm (described in ), a combination of the LZ77 algorithm and Huffman coding, wrapped inside the zlib data format ();
exi – W3C Efficient XML Interchange
gzip – GNU zip format (described in ). Uses the deflate algorithm for compression, but the data format and the checksum algorithm differ from the "deflate" content-encoding. This method is the most broadly supported as of March 2011.
identity – No transformation is used. This is the default value for content coding.
pack200-gzip – Network Transfer Format for Java Archives
zstd – Zstandard compression, defined in
In addition to these, a number of unofficial or non-standardized tokens are used in the wild by either servers or clients:
bzip2 – compression based on the free bzip2 format, supported by lighttpd
lzma – compression based on (raw) LZMA is available in Opera 20, and in elinks via a compile-time option
peerdist – Microsoft Peer Content Caching and Retrieval
rsync – delta encoding in HTTP, implemented by a pair of rproxy proxies.
xpress – Microsoft compression protocol used by Windows 8 and later for Windows Store application updates. LZ77-based compression optionally using a Huffman encoding.
xz – LZMA2-based content compression, supported by a non-official Firefox patch; and fully implemented in mget since 2013-12-31.
Servers that support HTTP compression
SAP NetWeaver
Microsoft IIS: built-in or using third-party module
Apache HTTP Server, via mod_deflate (despite its name, only supporting gzip), and mod_brotli
Hiawatha HTTP server: serves pre-compressed files
Cherokee HTTP server, On the fly gzip and deflate compressions
Oracle iPlanet Web Server
Zeus Web Server
lighttpd
nginx – built-in
Applications based on Tornado, if "compress_response" is set to True in the application settings (for versions prior to 4.0, set "gzip" to True)
Jetty Server – built-into default static content serving and available via servlet filter configurations
GeoServer
Apache Tomcat
IBM Websphere
AOLserver
Ruby Rack, via the Rack::Deflater middleware
HAProxy
Varnish – built-in. Works also with ESI
Armeria – Serving pre-compressed files
NaviServer – built-in, dynamic and static compression
Many content delivery networks also implement HTTP compression to improve speedy delivery of resources to end users.
The compression in HTTP can also be achieved by using the functionality of server-side scripting languages like PHP, or programming languages like Java.
Various online tools exist to verify a working implementation of HTTP compression. These online tools usually request multiple variants of a URL, each with different request headers (with varying Accept-Encoding content). HTTP compression is considered to be implemented correctly when the server returns a document in a compressed format. By comparing the sizes of the returned documents, the effective compression ratio can be calculated (even between different compression algorithms).
Problems preventing the use of HTTP compression
A 2009 article by Google engineers Arvind Jain and Jason Glasgow states that more than 99 person-years are wasted daily due to increase in page load time when users do not receive compressed content. This occurs when anti-virus software interferes with connections to force them to be uncompressed, where proxies are used (with overcautious web browsers), where servers are misconfigured, and where browser bugs stop compression being used. Internet Explorer 6, which drops to HTTP 1.0 (without features like compression or pipelining) when behind a proxy – a common configuration in corporate environments – was the mainstream browser most prone to failing back to uncompressed HTTP.
Another problem found while deploying HTTP compression on large scale is due to the deflate encoding definition: while HTTP 1.1 defines the deflate encoding as data compressed with deflate (RFC 1951) inside a zlib formatted stream (RFC 1950), Microsoft server and client products historically implemented it as a "raw" deflated stream, making its deployment unreliable. For this reason, some software, including the Apache HTTP Server, only implement gzip encoding.
Security implications
Compression allows a form of chosen plaintext attack to be performed: if an attacker can inject any chosen content into the page, they can know whether the page contains their given content by observing the size increase of the encrypted stream. If the increase is smaller than expected for random injections, it means that the compressor has found a repeat in the text, i.e. the injected content overlaps the secret information. This is the idea behind CRIME.
In 2012, a general attack against the use of data compression, called CRIME, was announced. While the CRIME attack could work effectively against a large number of protocols, including but not limited to TLS, and application-layer protocols such as SPDY or HTTP, only exploits against TLS and SPDY were demonstrated and largely mitigated in browsers and servers. The CRIME exploit against HTTP compression has not been mitigated at all, even though the authors of CRIME have warned that this vulnerability might be even more widespread than SPDY and TLS compression combined.
In 2013, a new instance of the CRIME attack against HTTP compression, dubbed BREACH, was published. A BREACH attack can extract login tokens, email addresses or other sensitive information from TLS encrypted web traffic in as little as 30 seconds (depending on the number of bytes to be extracted), provided the attacker tricks the victim into visiting a malicious web link. All versions of TLS and SSL are at risk from BREACH regardless of the encryption algorithm or cipher used. Unlike previous instances of CRIME, which can be successfully defended against by turning off TLS compression or SPDY header compression, BREACH exploits HTTP compression which cannot realistically be turned off, as virtually all web servers rely upon it to improve data transmission speeds for users.
As of 2016, the TIME attack and the HEIST attack are now public knowledge.
References
External links
: Hypertext Transfer Protocol – HTTP/1.1
: HTTP Semantics
HTTP Content-Coding Values by Internet Assigned Numbers Authority
Compression with lighttpd
Coding Horror: HTTP Compression on IIS 6.0
Using HTTP Compression by Martin Brown of Server Watch
Using HTTP Compression in PHP
Dynamic and static HTTP compression with Apache httpd
Web development
Lossless compression algorithms
Hypertext Transfer Protocol
de:Hypertext Transfer Protocol#HTTP-Kompression |
Kahkashan is an Indian television series about six great masters of modern Urdu and Islamic poetry: Hasrat Mohani, Jigar Moradabadi, Josh Malihabadi, Majaz Lucknawi, Firaq Gorakhpuri, and Makhdoom Mohiuddin. The serial was produced, researched and scripted by Ali Sardar Jafri and directed by Jalal Agha and telecast in 1991–1992. Music was scored by Jagjit Singh, the famous ghazal singer of India. The series was also shown on TV Asia channel USA in 2006.
Overview
It was Sardar Jafri's dream to make such a serial on Urdu writers as a tribute and also with the intent to popularize and expose the general Indian audience to the modern masters of Urdu poetry. The series was telecast in eighteen episodes in 1991–1992.
Cast
Parikshit Sahni as Josh Malihabadi
Farooq Sheikh as Hasrat Mohani
Deepti Naval
Irfan Khan as Makhdoom Mohiuddin
Raj Zutshi as Jigar Moradabadi
Tanvi Azmi
Rakesh Pandey as Majaz
Manohar Singh as Firaq Gorakhpuri
Fawad Sherani
Tom Alter
Amar Ghaffar
External links
Kahkashan News Article
Kahkashan DVD Rating
DD National original programming
Indian drama television series
Urdu-language television shows
1991 Indian television series debuts
1992 Indian television series endings |
The 1844 Pennsylvania gubernatorial election occurred on October 9, 1844. Incumbent Democratic governor David R. Porter was not a candidate for re-election. Democratic candidate Francis R. Shunk defeated Whig candidate Joseph Markle to become Governor of Pennsylvania. This was the last time until 2022 that Democrats won more than two gubernatorial elections in a row in Pennsylvania.
Results
References
1844
Pennsylvania
Gubernatorial
November 1844 events |
Queen is a 2013 Indian Hindi-language comedy-drama film directed by Vikas Bahl and produced by Anurag Kashyap, Vikramaditya Motwane, and Madhu Mantena. The film stars Kangana Ranaut in the lead role, with Lisa Haydon and Rajkummar Rao playing supporting roles. The film follows the story of Rani Mehra, a diffident Punjabi girl from New Delhi who embarks on her honeymoon to Paris and Amsterdam by herself after her fiancé calls off their wedding.
Bahl co-wrote the script of Queen with Chaitally Parmar and Parveez Shaikh. Anvita Dutt Guptan wrote the dialogues for the film. Ranaut, who was encouraged by Bahl to improvise her lines during filming, is recognized as an additional dialogue writer. Amit Trivedi provided the musical score and Guptan also wrote the lyrics. Principal photography of Queen began in 2012 and took 45 days to complete. Queen received universal critical acclaim, praised for its direction, screenplay and Ranaut's titular performance, with various critics and publications citing it as the best Indian film of 2014. Made on a budget of , the film earned over at the global box-office, emerging as a commercial success. It is one of the highest-grossing Indian films featuring a female protagonist. The film won several accolades at prominent Indian and international award ceremonies. At the 60th Filmfare Awards ceremony, the film received a leading 13 nominations and won a leading 6 awards, including Best Film, Best Director (Bahl), and Best Actress (Ranaut). At the 62nd National Film Awards ceremony, the film won the Best Hindi Film (Bahl) and Best Actress (Ranaut).
Queen is cited as a groundbreaking and an influential feminist film by many scholars. Over the years, the film has built a strong cult following. It was named as one of the best films of the decade (2010s) by multiple publications such as Paste and Film Companion. Several publications such as O, The Oprah Magazine and Cosmopolitan have named it as one of the best films of Indian Cinema. Shubhra Gupta from The Indian Express named Queen as one of India's 75 most iconic and finest films that celebrate the journey of the country. British Film Institute ranked Queen amongst the 10 greatest Bollywood films of the 21st century.
Plot
Rani Mehra (Kangana Ranaut) is a 24-year-old sheltered, meek, yet good-natured Punjabi woman from Delhi. Two days before her wedding, her fiancé Vijay Dhingra (Rajkumar Rao) tells her that he no longer wishes to marry her. He explains that his lifestyle has changed after living abroad, and Rani's conservative habits would be a wrong match for him. Stunned at the development, Rani shuts herself in her room for a day, recalling how she and Vijay met and fell in love. Wanting to control the situation, she asks her parents' permission to go alone on her pre-booked honeymoon to Paris and Amsterdam. After initially hesitating, her parents agree, thinking that a vacation might cheer her up. Rani's grandmother approves of her decision and assures her that sometimes, things like this occur for the better.
In Paris, Rani meets Vijayalakshmi (Lisa Haydon), a free-spirited woman of French-Spanish-Indian descent who works at the hotel in which Rani stays. Overwhelmed by the new city and having gotten into trouble twice – once with the local police and once with a robber – Rani intends to return to India. However, Vijayalakshmi helps her out and gives her a tour around the city. The two have a series of adventures, during which Rani relives the memories of Vijay patronizing her and forbidding her from dancing and drinking – which she's free to do in Paris. During one particular incident, Rani tries on what she considers to be a revealing outfit and accidentally sends a selfie of her wearing the attire to Vijay instead of Vijayalakshmi. Rani quickly realizes her mistake, but unbeknownst to her, the selfie revives Vijay's interest in Rani and he decides to seek her out.
Eventually, the time comes for Rani to bid an emotional farewell to Vijayalakshmi and leave for Amsterdam. However, when she arrives in Amsterdam, Rani finds that her hostel room is being shared with three men: Taka from Japan, Tim from France, and Oleksander from Russia. Despite being skeptical, she soon becomes good friends with them and spends time shopping, sightseeing, visiting a sex shop, going to a church, and meeting pole dancers in a club. Rani befriends a pole dancer named Roxette/Rukhsar (Sabeeka Imam), a Pakistani girl who is the sole breadwinner for her family back in Lahore and is also a friend of Vijaylakshmi.
Rani slowly begins to gain confidence by taking control of her decisions. Realizing her earning potential, she wins a cook-off by selling gol gappas. After the cook-off event, the Italian host and restaurant owner, Marcello, shares an intimate moment with her and Rani experiences her first 'Indo-Italian' kiss with him. However, they choose to amicably part ways. She learns more about her friends' backgrounds and begins to understand how different life can be for people in other parts of the world.
One day, the four friends find Vijay waiting for Rani in front of the hostel. Vijay apologizes to Rani and asks her to reconsider their relationship. Their conversation escalates as he tries to grab hold of Rani, but her friends retaliate, and she asks him to leave. Rani decides to miss out on a concert with her friends to meet with Vijay and discuss their future. Vijay continues to judge Rani's new friends and behavior, like drinking champagne and her choice of living with roommates of the opposite gender, and tells her that she doesn't know foreigners. This causes her to leave abruptly, saying that she would rather speak to him after returning to Delhi. Rani then meets up with her friends one last time at the concert. After bidding a tearful farewell to them, she returns to India.
Back in Delhi, Rani visits Vijay at his home. Thinking she has decided to forgive him, he and his family start discussing wedding plans. Instead, Rani hands Vijay her engagement ring and says "thank you,” suggesting that he gave her the opportunity to explore the world and develop herself by rejecting her. She then walks away with a confident smile on her face.
Cast
Kangana Ranaut as Rani Mehra (Rani means Queen in English)
Rajkumar Rao as Vijay Dhingra, Rani's selfish and aggressive fiancé
Lisa Haydon as Vijayalakshmi
Mish Boyko as Oleksander (Sikander)
Jeffrey Ho as Taka
Joseph Guitobh as Tim
Tantrik Baba as Baba
Marco Canadea as Marcello, Rani's Crush
Yogendra Tiku as Rani's Father
Alka Badola Kaushal as Rani's Mother
Chinmai Chandranshuh as Chintu Mehra, Rani's Brother
Tripta Lakhanpal as Dadi
Nayani Dixit as Sonal
Sabeeka Imam as Roxette (Rukhsar)
Alexandre Plasti Melara as flying pig drunk #1
Leonardo Pricoli as flying pig drunk #2
Production
Development
Producer-director Vikas Bahl made his directorial debut with Chillar Party (2011), co-directed with Nitesh Tiwari, which won three National Film Awards. Since he liked the story of Queen, he decided to direct the film himself. It was eventually produced by Viacom 18 Motion Pictures and Phantom Films, which he co-owns with Anurag Kashyap and Vikram Motwane.
The lead role of Rani was earlier offered to Kareena Kapoor and Priyanka Chopra, both of whom turned down the film. As he wrote the script, he based Rani on people he had observed while growing up in Delhi. "I know life for girls is planned out for them by their families. They lose their own perspective on life and they are okay with that." In a scenario where as a girl crosses 20, her family gets busy to get her "settled", she never plans anything by herself, unless as in this case of Rani, marriage plans go awry. Thus the script was developed so that in the "first half, Rani gets over the guy, and in the second, she gets over herself." Bahl wrote the script keeping Ranaut in mind, however it was Anurag Basu who connected him with her and helped cast her in the film.
After her audition, actress Lisa Haydon, who played an Indo-French hotel staff member, Vijaylaksmi, practiced French for a month. Other actors Mish Boyko (Alexander) and Jeffery Ho (Taka) were cast after auditions in London, while Joseph Guitobh (Tim), who played Rani's third roommate, was spotted singing on a street and was asked whether he'd be interested in working in Hindi film, though he couldn't speak English.
Filming
The film was shot in late 2012 over a period of 45 days, starting with Paris, followed by Amsterdam and Delhi. Despite shooting abroad, Vikas Bahl did not have a huge budget to spend on the film. He took a crew of 25 people from India to shoot the film in about 145 locations in 40 days. Locations were booked a couple of hours, before the crew would rush to another location as they often shot 3–4 locations in a day. The crew would eat their meals at nearby restaurants, and at times actors including lead Kangana Ranaut would change clothes in nearby public toilets and restaurants. Since the film was not shot in a linear fashion, the colour of mehndi, applied to bride's hand was faded to match its natural fading. During the filming upon Ranaut's suggestion some scenes were added, like the kiss scene with the Italian chef, and a small scene where Rani asks a stranger to click her picture in Amsterdam. She even ended up writing a lot of her dialogue, and was given credit for the additional dialogue. In fact during filming, the director allowed all the actors to improvise their dialogue, to add realism to the film.
The remixed version of "Hungama Ho Gaya" was shot at Club NL, in Amsterdam, where a Hindi song was played for the first time.
However, when 90 percent of the film was already shot, cinematographer Bobby Singh died suddenly following an asthma attack on 25 December 2012, after just having completed a schedule in Delhi. After seeing rushes of the film, Anurag Kashyap volunteered to edit the film himself and since Bahl didn't have any editors at the time, he too agreed.
Marketing
The trailer of the film was released on 20 December 2013.
Soundtrack
The film's soundtrack is composed by Amit Trivedi, with lyrics by Anvita Dutt. The album was released exclusively on iTunes on 23 January 2014, followed by a release on all streaming platforms on 25 January 2014. The music album was physically released on 5 February 2014 at the Kala Ghoda Arts Festival in Mumbai. An additional track was released on 1 March 2014, it was the remixed version of hit cabaret number of the 1970s Hungama Ho Gaya sung by Asha Bhosle for the film, Anhonee (1973) was remixed by Amit Trivedi for the film, with additional vocals by Arijit Singh. The song was also used in end credits of the film.
Critical reception
Queen, as well as Ranaut's performance, received universal critical acclaim. On the review aggregator website Rotten Tomatoes, Queen has an approval rating of 90% based on 10 reviews, with an average rating of 8/10. On the Indian film review aggregator website The Review Monk, Queen received an average score of 8.1/10 based on 31 reviews and 100% critics being in the favor.
India
Meena Iyer from Times of India gave the film a rating of 4.5/5 and wrote, ‘‘This film belongs to its director Vikas Bahl; Bollywood should blow bugles in his honour’’. Calling Ranaut a ‘‘class act’’ she further wrote, ‘‘Ranaut's performance is outstanding; Whether she's crestfallen or ecstatic, selling golgappas or naively buying sex-toys, hiding her infatuation for an Italian restaurateur or showing deep dejection about her wimpy beau Vijay, she's a class act’’. Sarita Tanwar from DNA gave the film a rating of 4.5/5 and wrote, ‘‘Queen is irresistible. Highly recommended. A must-see film. You will leave the theatre with your heart humming happily’’. Praising Ranaut's performance she further wrote, ‘‘Kangana displays a surprising capacity for both comedy and emotion. As Rani, she displays amazing vulnerability and depth that very few performers can pull off; She is a delight’’. Saurabh Dwivedi from India Today gave the film a rating of 4.5/5 and called it a ‘‘must-watch’’. He praised Ranaut's performance by writing, ‘‘Kangana has a done fabulous job playing Rani; She has let her fans and audience know that she means business and is here to be taken seriously’’. Devesh Sharma from Filmfare gave the film a rating of 4.5/5 and opined, ‘‘Queen is definitely a step in the right direction for Indian Cinema’’. Praising Ranaut's performance he wrote, ‘‘It's Kangana's film from frame one. The way she flits from one aspect of her character to another without breaking strides shows her maturity as an actor’’.
Subhash K Jha of The New Indian Express gave the film a rating of 4.5/5 and called Queen a ‘‘near flawless inspirational tale’’. Praising Ranaut's performance he further wrote, ‘‘In Queen, Kangana is so in-sync with her character that you wonder if the story was written according to the emotions that the actress had stored away in her heart; Her performance holds the film together’’. Saibal Chatterjee of NDTV gave the film a rating of 4/5 and described ‘‘Queen is spicy, balmy and uplifting. Like good gol gappas, it leaves a zesty aftertaste that lingers on until long after the ride has ended. It warms the heart and tickles the funny bone with equal force’’. Praising Ranaut's performance he further wrote, ‘‘Kangana’s is the heart and soul of Queen and she does not strike a single false note; It is a performance that should define not only her career from here on, but also the fate of any young Bollywood actress seeking to push the boundaries of what is acceptable within the framework of the commercial Hindi movie industry’’. Taran Adarsh of Bollywood Hungama gave the film a rating of 4/5 and wrote, ‘‘Queen reinvents the genre with its non-formulaic screenplay and skilled direction; A charming little film, this one's made with heart and feeling and it shows’’. Praising Ranaut's performance he further wrote, ‘‘Kangana captures the nuances of her character spot-on; She's simply outstanding! The earnestness and sincerity she invests in her performance is for all to see; It won't be erroneous to state that she turns Rani into the most real woman you've encountered on the Hindi screen lately’’. Anupama Chopra stated that, ‘‘Queen is about the metamorphosis of Rani’’. She gave the film a rating of 3.5/5 and wrote, ‘‘Ultimately Queen is Kangana’s triumph. I left the theater thinking about Rani and how the rest of her life would pan out. It’s not often you do that with a Bollywood character’’.
Rajeev Masand of CNN-IBN gave the film a rating of 4/5 and described it as an ‘‘extraordinary journey of self-discovery’’. Calling Ranaut's performance ‘‘raw’’ and ‘‘nuanced’’ he further wrote, ‘‘it's Kangana Ranaut who makes you root for Rani from the word go; The best way to describe her fabulous performance is by confessing that I forgot I was watching Kangana. It's a raw, nuanced, delicately comical performance, and Bahl rightfully builds his film around his fearless, quirky heroine’’. Raja Sen from Rediff gave the film a rating of 4/5 and wrote, ‘‘Queen is a good entertainer, sure, but, more critically, it is a showcase for an actress poised to reign. This is one of those monumental moments when you feel the movies shift, and nothing remains the same; I've seen the future, baby, and it's Kangana’’. Praising Ranaut's performance he further wrote, ‘‘Ranaut is gobstoppingly spectacular; she absolutely shines and the film stands back and lets her rule. It’s a bold but immaculately measured performance, internalised and powerful while simultaneously as overt as it needs to be to moisten every eye in the house’’. Shubhra Gupta of The Indian Express gave the film a rating of 4/5 and wrote, ‘‘Queen is a significant Bollywood marker, a film that is intensely local and gloriously global, with a terrific lead performance by Kangana Ranaut, in a story that bubbles over with real feeling and meaning’’. Calling Ranaut the ‘‘Queen of Hearts’’ she further wrote, ‘‘Kangana Ranaut revels in her solidly-written role, and delivers a first rate, heart-felt performance’’.
Sudhish Kamath of The Hindu wrote, ‘‘Queen explores a girl's identity as an independent entity. It's about a rooted Indian girl who goes on a holiday to find herself’’. Praising Ranaut's performance he further wrote, ‘‘Kangana Ranaut as Rani, in a role of a lifetime, makes Queen an absolutely delightful journey. She wins us over first with innocence, small-town charm, vulnerability, spirit, strength, warmth and her gradual confidence’’. Namrata Joshi of Outlook India gave the film a rating of 3.5/4 and wrote, ‘‘Queen is a squarely mainstream film; Simplistic? Undemanding? Perhaps. But ultimately it is immensely warm and winsome, pressing just the right emotional buttons’’. Deepanjana Pal of Firstpost called Queen a ‘‘fabulous film’’ and a ‘‘delight’’. Calling Ranaut's performance ‘‘endearing’’ and ‘‘electric’’ she wrote, ‘‘Ranaut as Rani is pitch perfect. She brings out the sweetness, the hurt, the belligerence and the head-screwed-tightly-on-her-shoulders sensibility that is the pride of the Indian middle class. The cherry on this acting cake is that this lady's got superb comic timing’’.
Overseas
Shafiq Ul Hasan from The Express Tribune gave the film a rating of 4/5 and wrote, ‘‘Queen is a peek into the life of a woman who embarks upon a journey, her own honeymoon to be precise, in an attempt to find herself when her wedding is cancelled at the last minute’’. Praising Ranaut and Bahl he further wrote, ‘‘This was, by far, one of Kangana Ranaut’s truest and finest performances; Vikas Bahl directed the movie with superb class, I don’t think I would change a thing about it’’. David Chute of Variety wrote, ‘‘Queen seems an oddly modest film to have made such a big splash. It is charming and at times unexpectedly moving, especially in moments of cross-cultural bonding between Rani and the odd assorted group of expats who befriend her, as she wanders somewhat cluelessly around Paris and Amsterdam’’. Olga Camacho of The National wrote, ‘‘There are surprisingly few clichés, romantic angles or moments of epiphany in the film – instead, we get some genuine laughs and an honest look at relationships’’. Suparna Sharma of Deccan Chronicle gave the film a rating of 3/5 and wrote, ‘‘Queen is a well-meaning, well-mannered film that's funny and packs in small, elevating, but palatable messages. It challenges nothing; It just shows an Indian girl slowly, gently renegotiating life while remaining true to who she is’’. Praising Ranaut's performance she further wrote, ‘‘Kangana Ranaut has always been a powerful performer. She's an actress with lots of talent who has taken on roles that are different, challenging and out of the league of most Bollywood actresses fighting the number game. And here too she has made a bold choice and a difficult one as well. She stays true to the character she is playing, as it has been etched out, never once over-reaching and going for histrionics. She doesn’t try to grab you. She just tugs at you, with her subtle, nuanced performance; She is in complete control and is very good’’.
Year-end lists
Anupama Chopra of Film Companion crowned Queen as the best film of the year 2014. Mihir Fadnavis of Firstpost cited Queen as one of the best Bollywood films of 2014. Calling it the ‘‘biggest surprise of the year’’ he said, The film had rare ‘‘subtlety’’ and ‘‘quality’’ for a mainstream commercial film. Sukanya Verma of Rediff cited it as one of the best films of 2014. She stated, ‘‘Queen’s heartening success proves women-oriented subjects are just as welcome’’. Shafiq Ul Hasan of The Express Tribune listed Queen as one of the best Bollywood films of 2014. Ishita Blaggan of NDTV named it as one of the top ten Bollywood hits of 2014. Subramanian Harikumar of DNA listed it as one of the best Bollywood films of 2014. India TV listed it as one of the best women-centric movies of 2014. Calling Ranaut's performance in the film ‘‘effortless’’ they wrote, ‘‘Queen is one of the best gifts that Bollywood received on International Women's Day’’. Film critic Anna M. M. Vetticad in her blog crowned Queen as the best film of the year 2014 and Ranaut as the best actress of the year 2014. Additionally, she ranked Haydon as the second best supporting actress of the year. For her performance in Queen, The Indian Express named Ranaut as the best actress of 2014. Hindustan Times listed Ranaut as one of the top female performers of the year 2014 in Bollywood. CNN-IBN listed Ranaut's performance in the film as one of the stand-out performances of 2014. Raja Sen of Rediff ranked Ranaut as the second best actress of year 2014. He wrote, ‘‘Ranaut, who has written her own dialogue in the film, fashions a character with undying spirit and verve’’. Nandini Ramnath of Scroll listed Ranaut's character in the film, Rani, as one of the best roles in Hindi films of 2014.
Impact and legacy
Impact
According to Hindustan Times, Queen is considered to be Ranaut's calling-card film. Not only did it cement Ranaut as one of the most interesting actors in the Hindi film industry, but it also changed the Bollywood landscape and inspired a streak of films like NH10 (2015), Piku (2015), Neerja (2016), Pink (2016) and Lipstick Under My Burkha (2017). They further stated, ‘‘Queen's success empowered not only female actors, but also producers, who could no longer cite the lack of stars as being detrimental to their films’ chances at the box office’’. Oshin Fernandes from The Free Press Journal called Queen a ‘‘niche-breaker’’ in Hindi Cinema. Critics called Queen a ‘‘game-changer’’ and wrote, ‘‘Queen was not just a game-changer for Ranaut, but also for all the women out there who received hope and motivation to live their lives on their own terms’’. Farhan Syed of Times of India listed Queen as one of the ten Bollywood movies that broke stereotypes. Queen popularized solo trips and inspired a lot of women to have a solo trip to Europe. In 2019, Megha Sharma from Vogue India published a guide to a solo European holiday inspired by Ranaut’s Queen.
Namrata Joshi called Queen a ‘‘game-changer’’. She wrote, ‘‘It was Queen (2014) that was the real game changer; The low-budget film hit a chord, quickly climbing to the top of the charts and since then, other films have featured male superstars fighting for women’s causes, such as Aamir Khan in Dangal (2016), or showing their feminist side, such as Akshay Kumar making rotis (flatbread) for his on-screen wife in Jolly LLB 2 (2017)’’. About Ranaut's performance in Queen, Saibal Chatterjee opined, ‘‘It is a performance that should define not only her career, but also the fate of any young Bollywood actress seeking to push the boundaries of what is acceptable within the framework of the commercial Hindi movie industry’’. Baradwaj Rangan stated, ‘‘Queen's success is validation that audiences are open to a range of women-centric films, from heavy-duty dramas to small, breezy dramedies’’. Devesh Sharma of Filmfare called Queen a ‘‘step in right direction for Indian Cinema’’. He stated that, ‘‘Queen will pave the way for more story-centric films in future; After Vidya Balan and Priyanka Chopra, Ranaut has staked her claim as the right choice for gutsy roles’’.
Legacy
Runjhun Noopur from Arré called Queen a classic film and wrote, ‘‘Queen is a rare legit classic, as relevant today as it was in 2014’’. She described Queen as a groundbreaking and an influential feminist film. Writing about Queen's legacy she opined, ‘‘Queen is a piece of art with a life of its own, a story that makes you feel connected to the world in ways few things can; Beyond the feminism, it is a story of human triumph that gives you hope and makes you want to fight for your happiness; It makes you want to believe in people, in friends, in strangers who become your fleeting accomplices in the journey of life and that is the true legacy of Queen’’. Shrishti Negi from CNN-IBN cited Queen as one of the best movies of 2010s decade and the film which represents or defined the year 2014 in Hindi Cinema. She further wrote, ‘‘In Bollywood, where we are used to watching romance between a couple (man and woman), Queen shows us some other kind of love, i.e. self-love, which is not only liberating but completely fulfilling’’. Anupama Chopra called Queen a ‘‘Kangana’s triumph’’. Arushi Kapoor from Vagabomb called Queen the most feminist film of recent years and stated, ‘‘Queen undoubtedly made a strong statement with the central plot of a girl moving on after being left at the altar and finding herself; but even beyond the essence of the film was a multi-layered message of beautifully portrayed feminist ideals; Queen was, arguably, the most feminist film in Bollywood post the 2000’s and definitely a lesson in Feminism 101’’. Shubhra Gupta from The Indian Express named Queen as one of India’s seventy-five most iconic films that celebrate the journey of the country. She also featured Queen in her book called ‘‘50 Films That Changed Bollywood’’. In 2017, cultural professor Rachel Dwyer named Queen as one of the 70 iconic Movies of Independent India.
Deepanjana Pal of Firstpost stated that, ‘‘Queen is the first time Ranaut got a script that really allows her to confirm she's more than a pretty face. There's no high fashion or flattering make-up to flaunt Ranaut's physical beauty in Queen, but this is a role that allows Ranaut to showcase not just her acting talents, but also her wit because Ranaut is credited with contributing additional dialogues to the film’’. Aamy Kuldip of Brown Girl Magazine said Queen should be every brown girl’s favorite movie and opined, ‘‘Queen won our hearts and it started the era of brown girls with new-found confidence’’. He called Ranaut's character in Queen, Rani, the ‘‘epitome’’ of the average brown girl trying to settle in the misogynistic and hypocritical world of ours; coming to the realization that accepting yourself is the first step in having the world accept you.
Ranaut's character in Queen, Rani Mehra, has become one of the most popular and recognizable characters in Hindi Cinema. India Film Project listed it as one of the 4 best characters from Hindi Cinema. Alisha Alam of Times of India listed it as one of the strongest female characters from Bollywood. Filmfare listed it as one of the fifteen strongest women characters in Bollywood. Hindustan Times listed it as one of the thirteen most powerful women characters portrayed in Bollywood. Radhika Seth and Riya Dhankar of Vogue India listed it as one of the most empowering female characters in Bollywood. Srishti Magan of ScoopWhoop listed it as one of the nineteen most relatable female characters from Bollywood. Queen featured on various decade-end lists with several publications naming it as one of the best Indian films of the 2010s decade. Film Companion listed it as one of the twenty-five greatest Hindi films of the decade. Radhika Menon of Paste listed it as one of the twenty best Bollywood movies of 2010s. Avijit Ghosh of Times of India listed it as one of the eleven best movies of the decade. Shubhra Gupta of The Indian Express listed it as one of the best Bollywood films of the decade. Rajeev Masand listed it as one of the ten best Hindi films of the decade. Shrishti Negi of CNN-IBN listed it as one of the best Hindi films of the decade. Nandini Ramnath of Scroll cited it as one of the best Indian films of the decade. The Free Press Journal cited it as one of the best Bollywood movies of the decade. Srishti Magan of ScoopWhoop cited it as one of the forty-five films that redefined Bollywood in 2010s decade.
Queen is cited as one of the best Indian films of all time by several publications. Emma Carey of Esquire cited it as one of the best Bollywood movies of all time. Rachel Dwyer from British Film Institute cited it as one of the ten greatest Bollywood films of the 21st century. Time Out listed it as one of the hundred best Bollywood movies of all time. Ineye Komonibo of Marie Claire listed it as one of the thirty-eight best Bollywood movies of all time. Times of India cited it as one of the twenty best Bollywood movies of all time. Jasmine Ting of Cosmopolitan cited it as one of the best Indian films. Radhika Menon of Paste listed it as one of the fifteen best Bollywood movies. ZEE5 listed it as one of the thirty evergreen Bollywood films that one should watch before they die. Prakruti Patel and Elena Nicolaou of O, The Oprah Magazine listed it as one of the best films in Indian Cinema. Sonali Pimputkar of The Free Press Journal cited it as one of the fifteen must-watch female-oriented movies in Bollywood.
Box office
Queen has grossed in India, with a further in overseas, for a worldwide total of .
Queen debuted with relatively low collections and grossed on the first day, grossing on the second day, and on the third day, taking the first weekend's collection to . Despite a poor start, Queen held up well in the first weekdays and grossed around per day during the week and ended the first week with . On its second Monday it grossed , coinciding with a holiday in India. Queen had higher collection in the second week than the first week, collecting in two weeks. The movie had a massive growth by far in 2014 for the third week collection by , which totals the third week collection to . In the fourth week, the film managed a promising , which is the 11th highest gross of all time in the history of Hindi cinema for the fourth week. The final domestic collection was just above .
Awards and nominations
At the 62nd National Film Awards, the film won Best Hindi Film (Bahl) and Best Actress (Ranaut). At the 60th Filmfare Awards ceremony, Queen won a leading 6 awards out of a leading 13 nominations: Best Film, Best Director (Bahl), Best Actress (Ranaut), Best Background Score (Trivedi), Best Cinematography and Best Editing. At the 2015 Screen Awards ceremony, Queen received a leading 13 nominations, and won Best Film, Best Director (Bahl) and Best Cinematography. Other nominations included Best Actress (Ranaut), and Best Supporting Actress (Haydon). At the 2015 Star Guild Awards, the film won Best Director (Bahl), Best Story, Best Screenplay, and Best Editing awards. Queen also won Best Film, Best Director (Bahl) and Best Actress (Ranaut) at the 2015 Stardust Awards ceremony. At the 16th IIFA Awards, Queen received 7 nominations, and won 5 awards including Best Film and Best Actress (Ranaut).
Remakes
References
External links
2010s Hindi-language films
Indian comedy-drama films
2013 films
Films set in Delhi
Films shot in Delhi
Films set in Paris
Films shot in Paris
Films set in Amsterdam
Films shot in Amsterdam
Films about women in India
Hindi films remade in other languages
Best Hindi Feature Film National Film Award winners
Viacom18 Studios films
Films featuring a Best Actress National Award-winning performance
2013 comedy-drama films
Films directed by Vikas Bahl |
Vangede is a suburb 8 km north of central Copenhagen, Denmark. This area is primarily made up of one and two family houses and two and three story apartment buildings.
History
The first known references to the village is from 1346 when it is referred to as Wangwethæ.
Landmarks
Munkegaard School was completed in 1953 to a design by Arne Jacobsen. Vangede Church is from 1974 and was designed by Johan Otto von Spreckelsen, who would later also design the Grande Arche in Paris. Vangede Battery has been converted into a park.
Transport
Vangede has three S-train-stations, Vangede, Kildebakke and dyssegård, all three of them are located on the Farum radial. Vangede is served by both the A and H trains while Dyssegård is only served by A trains. Some would consider Dyssegård being located in Dyssegård and not in Vangede.
Cultural references
The author Dan Turèll grew up in the neighbourhood and has portrayed it in his book Vangede billeder.
Notable people
Peer Hultberg (1935 in Vangede – 2007) a Danish author and psychoanalyst
Dan Turèll (1946 in Vangede – 1993), affectionately nicknamed "Onkel Danny" (Uncle Danny), was a popular Danish writer
Povl Erik Carstensen (born 1960 in Vangede) a Danish comedian, actor and jazz double bassist
References
External links
Neighbourhoods in Denmark
Copenhagen metropolitan area
Gentofte Municipality |
Boris Evgenievich Kochno or Kokhno (; 3 January 1904 – 8 December 1990) was a Russian poet, dancer, and librettist.
Early life
Kochno was born in Moscow, Russia, on 3 January 1904. His father served as a colonel in the hussars. He studied at the Imperial Lyceum in Moscow before emigrating to Paris in 1920.
Career
He was close with Karol Szymanowski, who gave him as a gift a Russian translation of the chapter The Symposium from his unpublished novel Efebos. Szymanowski also dedicated four poems to him. In 1920 he became Sergei Diaghilev's secretary, librettist, and eventually main collaborator. They were also briefly lovers. Kochno wrote the libretto of Stravinsky's Mavra (1921), George Auric's Les Fâcheux (1924), Henri Sauguet's La Chatte (1927), and of Sergei Prokofiev's ballet score The Prodigal Son (1929). He also wrote a libretto for Massin's ballet to Georges Bizet music (1932).
Upon Diaghilev's death, Kochno and Serge Lifar tried but failed to hold the Ballets Russes together. The two inherited part of Diaghilev's archives and collections, which Kochno completed and part of which was acquired by the Bibliothèque nationale de France. In 1933 he co-founded, together with George Balanchine, the short-lived but history-making company Les Ballets 1933, which made its debut that summer at the Théâtre des Champs-Élysées. That same year, he and Edward James commissioned Brecht and Weill's last collaboration, The Seven Deadly Sins, which Balanchine produced, directed, and choreographed.
At the end of World War II, Kochno entered into a partnership with Roland Petit, with whom he founded the Ballets des Champs-Élysées.
His later career included a position as ballet director with the Ballet Russe de Monte Carlo, where he became an influential figure in post-World War II French ballet.
Kochno authored several works, including Diaghilev and the Ballets Russes, a record of the Diaghilev era, and Christian Bérard, a scrapbook of artwork by Bérard, Kochno's former lover and collaborator, along with reminiscences.
Personal life
In 1925, Kochno had a "passionate affair" with American composer and songwriter Cole Porter, with whom he carried on a lengthy correspondence, as well as Porter's friend, the American diplomat and heir, Hermann Oelrichs Jr., a son of Hermann and Theresa Fair Oelrichs. Today, two of Oelrich's handwritten love letters to Kochno are in the National Library of France, which "leave no doubt that the two had a sexual relationship."
He died on 8 December 1990 in Paris following a fall. He was buried in the Père Lachaise cemetery in Paris, next to Wladimir Augenblick (1911–2001).
References
Literature
External links
Musicians from Moscow
Ballets Russes and descendants
Ballets Russes dancers
1904 births
1990 deaths
Russian LGBT poets
Russian LGBT dancers
Russian gay writers
Ballet librettists
Burials at Père Lachaise Cemetery
Russian male poets
20th-century Russian male writers
20th-century Russian poets
Accidental deaths from falls
Accidental deaths in France
Writers from Moscow
Gay dancers
Gay poets
20th-century Russian LGBT people
Emigrants from the Russian Empire to France |
Kiniéro is a town and sub-prefecture in the Kouroussa Prefecture in the Kankan Region of eastern-central Guinea. As of 2014 it had a population of 22,267 people.
References
Sub-prefectures of the Kankan Region |
An acrostic is a poem or other word composition in which the first letter (or syllable, or word) of each new line (or paragraph, or other recurring feature in the text) spells out a word, message or the alphabet. The term comes from the French from post-classical Latin , from Koine Greek , from Ancient Greek "highest, topmost" and "verse". As a form of constrained writing, an acrostic can be used as a mnemonic device to aid memory retrieval. When the last letter of each new line (or other recurring feature) forms a word it is called a telestich; the combination of an acrostic and a telestich in the same composition is called a double acrostic (e.g. the first-century Latin Sator Square).
Acrostics are common in medieval literature, where they usually serve to highlight the name of the poet or his patron, or to make a prayer to a saint. They are most frequent in verse works but can also appear in prose. The Middle High German poet Rudolf von Ems for example opens all his great works with an acrostic of his name, and his world chronicle marks the beginning of each age with an acrostic of the key figure (Moses, David, etc.). In chronicles, acrostics are common in German and English but rare in other languages.
Form
Relatively simple acrostics may merely spell out the letters of the alphabet in order; such an acrostic may be called an 'alphabetical acrostic' or abecedarius. These acrostics occur in the first four of the five chapters that make up the Book of Lamentations, in the praise of the good wife in Proverbs 31:10-31, and in Psalms 9-10, 25, 34, 37, 111, 112, 119 and 145 of the Hebrew Bible.
Notable among the acrostic Psalms is the long Psalm 119, which typically is printed in subsections named after the 22 letters of the Hebrew alphabet, each section consisting of 8 verses, each of which begins with the same letter of the alphabet and the entire psalm consisting of 22 x 8 = 176 verses; and Psalm 145, which is recited three times a day in the Jewish services. Some acrostic psalms are technically imperfect. For example, Psalm 9 and Psalm 10 appear to constitute a single acrostic psalm together, but the length assigned to each letter is unequal and five of the 22 letters of the Hebrew alphabet are not represented and the sequence of two letters is reversed. In Psalm 25 one Hebrew letter is not represented, the following letter () repeated. In Psalm 34 the current final verse, 23, does fit verse 22 in content, but adds an additional line to the poem. In Psalms 37 and 111 the numbering of verses and the division into lines are interfering with each other; as a result in Psalm 37, for the letters and there is only one verse, and the letter is not represented. Psalm 111 and 112 have 22 lines, but 10 verses. Psalm 145 does not represent the letter , having 21 one verses, but one Qumran manuscript of this Psalm does have that missing line, which agrees with the Septuagint.
Often the ease of detectability of an acrostic can depend on the intention of its creator. In some cases an author may desire an acrostic to have a better chance of being perceived by an observant reader, such as the acrostic contained in the Hypnerotomachia Poliphili (where the key capital letters are decorated with ornate embellishments). However, acrostics may also be used as a form of steganography, where the author seeks to conceal the message rather than proclaim it. This might be achieved by making the key letters uniform in appearance with the surrounding text, or by aligning the words in such a way that the relationship between the key letters is less obvious. These are referred to as null ciphers in steganography, using the first letter of each word to form a hidden message in an otherwise innocuous text. Using letters to hide a message, as in acrostic ciphers, was popular during the Renaissance, and could employ various methods of enciphering, such as selecting other letters than initials based on a repeating pattern (equidistant letter sequences), or even concealing the message by starting at the end of the text and working backwards.
Examples
A well-known acrostic in Greek is for the phrase JESUS CHRIST, GOD'S SON, SAVIOUR, the initial letters of which spell (ICHTHYS), which means fish:
Ιησούς I Jesus
Χριστός CH Christ
Θεού TH God's
Υἱός Y Son
Σωτήρ S Saviour
Chapters 2–5 of Book 12 in the Right Ginza, a Mandaic text, are acrostic hymns, with each stanza ordered according to a letter of the Mandaic alphabet.
There is an acrostic secreted in the Dutch national anthem Het Wilhelmus (The William): the first letters of its fifteen stanzas spell WILLEM VAN NASSOV. This was one of the hereditary titles of William of Orange (William the Silent), who introduces himself in the poem to the Dutch people. This title also returned in the 2010 speech from the throne, during the Dutch State Opening of Parliament, whose first 15 lines also formed WILLEM VAN NASSOV.
Vladimir Nabokov's short story "The Vane Sisters" is known for its acrostic final paragraph, which contains a message from beyond the grave.
An acrostic poem written in English by Edgar Allan Poe is entitled simply "An Acrostic":
Elizabeth it is in vain you say
"Love not" — thou sayest it in so sweet a way:
In vain those words from thee or L.E.L.
Zantippe's talents had enforced so well:
Ah! if that language from thy heart arise,
Breath it less gently forth — and veil thine eyes.
Endymion, recollect, when Luna tried
To cure his love — was cured of all beside —
His folly — pride — and passion — for he died.
In 1939 Rolfe Humphries received a lifelong ban from contributing to Poetry magazine after he penned and attempted to publish "a poem containing a concealed scurrilous phrase aimed at a well-known person", namely Nicholas Murray Butler. The poem, entitled "An ode for a Phi Beta Kappa affair", was in unrhymed iambic pentameter, contained one classical reference per line, and ran as follows:
Niobe's daughters yearn to the womb again,
Ionians bright and fair, to the chill stone;
Chaos in cry, Actaeon's angry pack,
Hounds of Molossus, shaggy wolves driven
Over Ampsanctus' vale and Pentheus' glade,
Laelaps and Ladon, Dromas, Canace,
As these in fury harry brake and hill
So the great dogs of evil bay the world.
Memory, Mother of Muses, be resigned
Until King Saturn comes to rule again!
Remember now no more the golden day
Remember now no more the fading gold,
Astraea fled, Proserpina in hell;
You searchers of the earth be reconciled!
Because, through all the blight of human woe,
Under Robigo's rust, and Clotho's shears,
The mind of man still keeps its argosies,
Lacedaemonian Helen wakes her tower,
Echo replies, and lamentation loud
Reverberates from Thrace to Delos Isle;
Itylus grieves, for whom the nightingale
Sweetly as ever tunes her Daulian strain.
And over Tenedos the flagship burns.
How shall men loiter when the great moon shines
Opaque upon the sail, and Argive seas
Rear like blue dolphins their cerulean curves?
Samos is fallen, Lesbos streams with fire,
Etna in rage, Canopus cold in hate,
Summon the Orphic bard to stranger dreams.
And so for us who raise Athene's torch.
Sufficient to her message in this hour:
Sons of Columbia, awake, arise!
In October 2009, California governor Arnold Schwarzenegger sent a note to assemblyman Tom Ammiano in which the first letters of lines 3-9 spell "Fuck You"; Schwarzenegger claimed that the acrostic message was coincidental, which mathematicians Stephen Devlin and Philip Stark disputed as statistically implausible.
In January 2010, Jonathan I. Schwartz, the CEO of Sun Microsystems, sent an email to Sun employees on the completion of the acquisition of Sun by Oracle Corporation. The initial letters of the first seven paragraphs spelled "Beat IBM".
James May, former presenter on the BBC program Top Gear, was fired from the publication Autocar for spelling out a message using the large red initial at the beginning of each review in the publication's Road Test Yearbook Issue for 1992. Properly punctuated, the message reads: "So you think it's really good, yeah? You should try making the bloody thing up; it's a real pain in the arse."
In the 2012 third novel of his Caged Flower series, author Cullman Wallace used acrostics as a plot device. The parents of a protagonist send e-mails where the first letters of the lines reveal their situation in a concealed message.
On 19 August 2017, the members of president Donald Trump's Committee on Arts and Humanities resigned in protest over his response to the Unite the Right rally incident in Charlottesville, Virginia. The members' letter of resignation contained the acrostic "RESIST" formed from the first letter of each paragraph.
On 23 August 2017, University of California, Berkeley energy professor Daniel Kammen resigned from his position as a State Department science envoy with a resignation letter in which the word "IMPEACH" was spelled out by the first letters of each paragraph.
In the video game Zork the first letters of sentences in a prayer spelled "Odysseus" which was a possible solution to a Cyclops encounter in another room.
Multiple acrostics
Double acrostics
A double acrostic, may have words at the beginning and end of its lines, as in this example, on the name of Stroud, by Paul Hansford:
S et among hills in the midst of five valley S,
T his peaceful little market town we inhabi T
R efuses (vociferously!) to be a conforme R.
O nce home of the cloth it gave its name t O,
U phill and down again its streets lead yo U.
D espite its faults it leaves us all charme D.
The first letters make up the acrostic and the last letters the telestich; in this case they are identical.
Another example of a double acrostic is the first-century Latin Sator Square.
As well as being a double acrostic, the square contains several palindromes, and it can be read as a 25-letter palindromic sentence (of an obscure meaning).
Complex acrostics
The poem Behold, O God!, by William Browne, can be considered a complex kind of acrostic.
In the manuscript, some letters are capitalized and written extra-large, non-italic, and in red, and the lines are shifted left or right and internally spaced out as necessary to position the red letters within three crosses that extend through all the lines of the poem.
The letters within each cross spell out a verse from the New Testament:
left: Luke 23:42: "Lord, remember me when thou comest into thy kingdom."
middle: Matthew 27:46: "O God, my God, why hast thou forsaken me?"
right: Luke 23:39: "If thou art the Christ, save thyself and us."
The "INRI" at the top of the middle cross stands for , , Latin for "Jesus of Nazareth, King of the Jews" (John 19:3). The three quotes represent the three figures crucified on Golgotha, as recorded in the gospels of Matthew and Luke.
(The text of the manuscript shown differs significantly from the text usually published, including in the reference. Many of the lines have somewhat different wording; and while the acrostics are the same as far as they go, the published text is missing the last four lines, truncating the acrostics to "Lord, remember me when thou comest into thy kin", "O God, my God, why hast thou forsak", and "If thou art the Christ, save thyself". The manuscript text is printed below, first as normal poetry, then spaced and bolded to bring out the acrostics. The word "Thou" in line 8 is not visible in this photograph, but is in the published version and is included in a cross-stitch sampler of the poem from 1793.)
Behold, O God! In rivers of my tears
I come to thee! bow down thy blessed ears
To hear my Plaint; and let thine eyes which keep
Continual watch behold a Sinner weep:
Let not, O God my God my Sins, tho' great,
And numberless, between thy Mercy's-Seat
And my poor Soul have place; since we are taught,
[Thou] Lord, remember'st thyne, if Thou art sought.
I come not, Lord, with any other merit
Than what I by my Saviour Christ inherit:
Be then his wounds my balm— his stripes my Bliss;
His thorns my crown; my death be blest in his.
And thou, my blest Redeemer, Saviour, God,
Quit my accounts, withhold thy vengeful rod!
O beg for me, my hopes on Thee are set;
And Christ forgive me, since thou'st paid my debt
The living font, the Life, the Way, I know,
And but to thee, O whither shall I go?
All other helps are vain: grant thine to me,
For in thy cross my saving health I see.
O hearken then, that I with faith implore,
Lest Sin and Death sink me to rise no more.
Lastly, O God, my course direct and guide,
In Death defend me, that I never slide;
And at Doomsday let me be rais'd again,
To live with thee sweet Jesus say, Amen.
Behold, O God! IN RI vers of my tears
I come to thee! bow down thy blessed ears
To hear my Plaint; and let thine eyes which keep
Continual watch behold a Sinner weep:
Let not, O GOD my GOD my Sins, tho' great,
And numberless, bet-W-een thy Mercy's-Seat
And my poor Soul H-ave place; since we are taught,
[Thou] Lord, remember st th-Y-ne, If Thou art sought.
I co-ME not, Lord, wit-H any o-THE-r merit
Than WH-at I by my S-A-viour CH-rist inherit:
Be th-EN his Wound-S my Balm— his St-RI-pes my Bliss;
His TH-orns my crown; my dea-T-h be ble-ST in his.
And th-OU, my bles-T Redeemer, SA-viour, God,
Quit my ac-CO-unts, with-H-old thy VE-ngeful rod!
O beg for ME, my h-O-pes on T-hee are set;
And Chri-ST forgi-V-e me, since t-H-ou'st paid my debt
The liv-IN-g font, the Li-F-e, the Wa-Y, I know,
And but TO thee, O whither S-hall I go?
All o-TH-er helps a-R-e vain: grant thin-E to me,
For in th-Y cross my S-aving hea-L-th I see.
O hear-K-en then, th-A-t I with F-aith implore,
Lest S-IN and Death sin-K me to rise + no more.
Lastly, O G-od, my cours-E direct A-nd guide,
In D-eath defe-N-d me, that I N-ever slide;
And at Do-OM-sday let M-e be rais'-D again,
To live + with the-E sweet Jes-US say, Amen.
See also
References
Graphic poetry
Word games |
The women's canoe sprint K-1 200 metres at the 2016 Olympic Games in Rio de Janeiro took place between 15 and 16 August at Lagoa Stadium. The medals were presented by Barbara Kendall, IOC member, New Zealand and Maree Burnett, Board Member of the ICF.
Competition format
The competition comprised heats, semifinals, and a final round. The top six boats from each heat progressed to semifinals. The top two boats in each semifinal and the next two best boats overall advanced to the "A" final, and competed for medals. A placing "B" final was held for the next eight best boats.
Schedule
All times are Brasilia Time (UTC-03:00)
Results
Heats
Top six boats progress to semifinals.
Heat 1
Heat 2
Heat 3
Heat 4
Semifinals
The fastest two canoeists in each semifinal, and the overall next two best boats qualify for the 'A' final. The next eight best boats overall qualify for the 'B' final.
Semifinal 1
Semifinal 2
Semifinal 3
Finals
Final B
Final A
References
Canoeing at the 2016 Summer Olympics
Women's events at the 2016 Summer Olympics |
Australia's Thunder from Down Under is an Australian male revue who perform in Las Vegas and tour internationally. The show is a 90-minute, interactive performance with choreographed dance and flashing lights. Their main competitor is Chippendales. The show is co-owned by Adam Steck and founder Billy Cross.
Since its debut in 1991, nearly 10 million people have watched them perform. Originally, the show uses the Australian practice of no tipping as a way to attract audiences. Their first show was in an old theater in The Frontier in '01 and booked a show in the Excalibur Hotel in '02. Since then, Thunder has toured over 15 countries including Russia, England, Canada, South Africa, Europe, New Zealand, Australia, Mexico, Ireland and, in 2017, will be headed to Thailand and China as well.
Each year, the group releases an annual calendar featuring the dancers and releases a documentary of the shoot.
Notable mentions
Thunder From Down Under has also been featured on several television shows, including Today, The Tyra Banks Show, E!'s Top 12 Sexiest Vegas Shows, The View, Gene Simmons Family Jewels, Drop Dead Diva, Project Runway, Impractical Jokers, and Holey Moley.
AOL'City Guide named them as "Best Adult Attraction of 2006 and 2007." The Las Vegas Review-Journal named them "Best Male Revue in 2006 and 2007."
The show was voted "Best Male Strip Show" in the 2011 Review-Journal Poll: Best of Last Vegas and was the 2011 Readers' choice and newspaper staff pick.
Las Vegas residency
In 2001, the show officially moved into the Excalibur Hotel and Casino. In 2006, the showroom was officially renamed The Thunder from Down Under Showroom in their honor and has 400-seats. Currently, they hold 12 shows per week.
In popular culture
They made a brief PG-rated appearance dancing to "Need You Tonight" in the 2014 Disney comedy Alexander and the Terrible, Horrible, No Good, Very Bad Day.
On the TV show Impractical Jokers, Murr was forced to perform with the Thunder from Down Under men on stage while covered in rashes caused by being exposed to histamines before the show.
See also
Chippendales
Dreamboys
References
External links
Australian erotic dancers
Australian companies established in 1991
Entertainment companies of Australia
All-male revues
Male erotic dance
Las Vegas shows |
The 1970 Washington Senators season involved the Senators finishing sixth in the American League East with a record of 70 wins and 92 losses. This was the franchise's penultimate season in Washington, D.C.
Offseason
December 5, 1969: Dennis Higgins and Barry Moore were traded by the Senators to the Cleveland Indians for Horacio Piña, Ron Law and Dave Nelson.
December 31, 1969: Johnny Roseboro was signed as a free agent by the Senators.
January 17, 1970: Bill Madlock was drafted by the Senators in the 5th round of the 1970 Major League Baseball draft (secondary phase). Player signed May 25, 1970.
March 21, 1970: Brant Alyea was traded by the Senators to the Minnesota Twins for Joe Grzenda and Charley Walters.
March 30, 1970: Pedro Ramos was signed as a free agent by the Senators.
Regular season
Opening Day starters
Hank Allen
Dick Bosman
Ed Brinkman
Paul Casanova
Mike Epstein
Frank Howard
Ken McMullen
Dave Nelson
Del Unser
Season standings
Record vs. opponents
Notable transactions
April 27, 1970: Pedro Ramos was released by the Senators.
April 27, 1970: Ken McMullen was traded by the Senators to the California Angels for Aurelio Rodríguez and Rick Reichardt.
May 11, 1970: Hank Allen and Ron Theobald were traded by the Senators to the Milwaukee Brewers for Wayne Comer.
June 4, 1970: 1970 Major League Baseball draft
Rick Waits was drafted by the Senators in the 5th round.
Bruce Sutter was drafted by the Senators in the 21st round, but did not sign.
August 19, 1970: Johnny Roseboro was released by the Senators.
September 11, 1970: Lee Maye was selected off waivers from the Senators by the Chicago White Sox.
Roster
Player stats
Batting
Starters by position
Note: Pos = Position; G = Games played; AB = At bats; H = Hits; Avg. = Batting average; HR = Home runs; RBI = Runs batted in
Other batters
Note: G = Games played; AB = At bats; H = Hits; Avg. = Batting average; HR = Home runs; RBI = Runs batted in
Pitching
Starting pitchers
Note: G = Games pitched; IP = Innings pitched; W = Wins; L = Losses; ERA = Earned run average; SO = Strikeouts
Other pitchers
Note: G = Games pitched; IP = Innings pitched; W = Wins; L = Losses; ERA = Earned run average; SO = Strikeouts
Relief pitchers
Note: G = Games pitched; W = Wins; L = Losses; SV = Saves; ERA = Earned run average; SO = Strikeouts
Awards and honors
Frank Howard, A.L. Home Run Champion 1970
All-Star Game
Farm system
Notes
References
1970 Washington Senators team page at Baseball Reference
1970 Washington Senators team page at www.baseball-almanac.com
Texas Rangers seasons
Washington Senators season
Washing |
Viktar Hanchar, or Viktar Hančar (, , Viktor Gonchar, September 7, 1957 – disappeared September 16, 1999) was a Belarusian politician who disappeared and was presumably murdered in 1999. He was born in the village of Radzichava, Slutsk Raion.
Hanchar graduated from the Law Department of the Belarusian State University in 1979 and worked as law research worker at different major Belarusian institutions.
Political career
Beginning in May 1991, Hanchar worked as first deputy chairman of Maladzyechna mayor. In May 1994, he ran for the Constitutional Court of Belarus, but did not receive the support of most MPs.
During the presidential elections in 1994, Hanchar was one of the most active in the election campaign headquarters of Alexander Lukashenko. In 1994, after the victory of Lukashenko in the presidential elections, Hanchar was appointed Deputy Prime Minister of Belarus, but soon resigned. Hanchar joined the opposition to the president and joined the United Civic Party, becoming a member of its Political Council (since 1995). In 1995-1996 he was general secretary of the CIS Economic Court.
In 1995, Hanchar was elected to the Supreme Soviet of Belarus. In 1996 he was appointed chairman of the Central Election Committee (CEC), and actively opposed to Lukashenko during the 1996 referendum. In 1996, he was dismissed by the president from his position. Hanchar never recognized the results of the 1996 referendum as legitimate. In 1998, Hanchar led an alternative Election Committee during the 1999 presidential election, organized by the opposition as a protest against constitutional reforms by Lukashenko.
Disappearance
Hanchar disappeared in Minsk on September 16, 1999, along with his friend, the businessman Anatol Krasouski. Pieces of broken glass and blood were found on the supposed site where Hanchar and Krasouski had been last seen. On December 5, 2002, they were officially declared missing by the court. In January 2003, the Chief Prosecutor of Minsk suspended the criminal investigation into the disappearance of Hanchar and Krasouski.
According to the former head of jail number 1 Oleg Alkaev (Aleh Alkaeu), Viktar Hanchar was abducted and executed on the order of people close to President Lukashenko. Investigation of the disappearance of Hanchar and Krasouski is one of the main issues of the Belarusian opposition, and is also mentioned in the documents of international organizations.
In September 2004, the European Union and the United States issued travel bans for four Belarusian officials suspected of being involved in the kidnapping of Hanchar: Interior Affairs Minister Vladimir V. Naumov, Prosecutor General Viktor Sheiman, Minister for Sports and Tourism Yuri Sivakov, and Colonel Dmitri Pavlichenko from the Belarus Interior Ministry.
For several years the Belarusian opposition has organized the Day of Solidarity with Belarus on the 16th of every month to commemorate the disappearance of Hanchar, Krasouski, Jury Zacharanka, Dzmitry Zavadski, and the mysterious death of Hienadz Karpienka.
In December 2019, Deutsche Welle published a documentary film in which Yury Harauski, a former member of the Special Rapid Response Unit, confirmed that it was his unit that had arrested, taken away and murdered pro-democracy activist Yury Zakharanka, and that they later did the same with Viktar Hanchar and Anatol Krasouski. Harauski fled to Switzerland in 2018, seeking asylum. In 2023 Harauski was arrested and charged with the forced disappearance of Zacharanka, Hanchar and Krasouski. Harauski's trial in a Swiss court opened on 19 September 2023.
See also
List of people who disappeared
References
External links
Kidnapping of Hanchar and Krasouski: authorities have something to hide
Viktar Hanchar on ciwr.org
1957 births
1990s missing person cases
Belarusian jurists
Belarusian State University alumni
Deputy Prime Ministers of Belarus
Members of the Supreme Council of Belarus
Missing people
Missing person cases in Belarus
People from Slutsk District
United Civic Party of Belarus politicians |
Marvin Lawrence Cobb (born August 6, 1953) is a former American football safety in the National Football League (NFL). He was drafted by the Cincinnati Bengals in the 11th round of the 1975 NFL Draft. He played high school football at Notre Dame High School in Riverside, California and college football at USC, where he also played shortstop on the baseball team. With USC, Cobb played on 2 College World Series champion baseball teams (1973 and 1974) and 2 National Champion football teams (1972 and 1974).
Cobb played 5 seasons for the Bengals, from 1975 to 1979. During those five years he played in 71 games, starting 54 and making 13 interceptions, playing as both a free safety and strong safety. He also served as a kick returner occasionally, returning five punts and one kickoff between 1975 and 1977. In 1977, he also got to play a little on offense. In a game against the San Diego Chargers on October 2, Cobb threw an incomplete pass. In a Monday Night Football game against the Pittsburgh Steelers on October 17, Cobb got one rushing attempt but did not gain any yardage. Cobb also played for the Steelers and Minnesota Vikings, splitting eight games between the two teams in 1980. He also served as a kick returner for the Steelers.
In 1986, Cobb became an assistant athletic director at USC. Cobb was outspoken about the fact that black athletes at USC were graduating at a lower rate than white students and he did not see anything being done to assist those students. After Cobb was denied a promotion in 1990 or 1991, he sued the university for racial discrimination and breach of contract, saying that the university denied the promotion because his advocacy for its black athletes. USC was represented by Johnnie Cochran, who later represented O. J. Simpson in his murder trial and in a turn of events similar to an issue in that trial, it was revealed that some USC employees had suggested framing Cobb for a fake drug bust. Cobb was eventually awarded $1.1 million.
Cobb has also been active in raising awareness of the impact football injuries can have on players later in life. He has also been active in attempting to increase pension and medical benefits for former players. He became a director of the Independent Retired Players Summit. He is also president of the Retired NFL Players Congress.
References
1953 births
Living people
American football safeties
USC Trojans football players
USC Trojans baseball players
Cincinnati Bengals players
Pittsburgh Steelers players
Minnesota Vikings players
Players of American football from Riverside, California
Players of American football from Detroit
Baseball players from Detroit
Baseball players from Riverside, California |
Argyra () was a town or village in ancient Achaea, in the neighbourhood of Patrae. It was located near the river Selemnus, the spring Argyra and the town of Bolina. Pausanias says it was on the road from Patrae to Aegium, following the Caradrus river. Pausanias relates a local legend that Argyra was a sea-nymph, who fell in love with a shepherd named Selemnus and used to come up out of the sea to visit him, sleeping by his side, but when Selemnus lost its beauty, the nymph stopped visiting him and Selemnus died of a broken heart. Then, Aphrodite transformed Selemnus into a river. In the war between the Achaeans and the Romans Patrae suffered so severely, that the greater part of the inhabitants abandoned the city and took up their abodes in the surrounding villages of Mesatis, Antheia, Bolina, Argyra, and Arba. A long time later, the Emperor Augustus forced the inhabitants of these places to abandon them to repopulate the city of Patrae. In the time of Pausanias (2nd century) the town was in ruins.
Its site is unlocated. The modern village of Argyra takes its name from the ancient place.
References
Populated places in ancient Achaea
Former populated places in Greece
Locations in Greek mythology
Lost ancient cities and towns |
Places I Never Meant to Be is a collection of short stories written by authors who have been censored or banned in some form in the United States, edited by Judy Blume and first published in 1999. Sales went to benefit the National Coalition Against Censorship.
Stories
Stories included are:
Norma Fox Mazer, "Meeting the Mugger"
Julius Lester, "Spear"
Rachel Vail, "Going Sentimental"
Katherine Paterson, "The Red Dragonfly"
Jacqueline Woodson, "July Saturday"
Harry Mazer, "You Come, Too, A-Ron"
Walter Dean Myers, "The Beast Is in the Labyrinth"
Susan Beth Pfeffer, "Ashes"
David Klass, "Baseball Camp"
Paul Zindel, "Love and Centipedes"
Chris Lynch, "Lie, No Lie"
Norma Klein, "Something Which is Non-Existent"
External links
NCAC National Coalition Against Censorship website
Book excerpt: Introduction by Judy Blume
1999 anthologies
Fiction anthologies
Books by Judy Blume
Simon & Schuster books
American anthologies |
Din Tai Fung is a Taiwan-based Taiwanese cuisine restaurant chain. Din Tai Fung also has branches in Australia, Mainland China, Hong Kong, Indonesia, Japan, Macau, Malaysia, Philippines, Singapore, South Korea, Thailand, United Arab Emirates, United Kingdom, United States with plans to open their first Canada location in Vancouver in 2023. Din set to open its fifth Dubai branch and first licensed venue at The Wharf, Bluewaters.
History
Founder Yang Bing-yi, an immigrant from Shanxi, initially worked ten years at Heng Tai Fung (), a cooking oil retailer in Taiwan. He then wanted to branch out on his own to support his family. With his Hakka wife, Lai Penmei, he founded a cooking oil retailer in 1958. They named it Din Tai Fung by combining the names of Yang's previous employer, "Heng Tai Fung", and their new supplier, "DinMei Oils".
Around 1970, tinned cooking oil became prevalent, and business diminished drastically. Heng Tai Fung's owner suggested that to survive, Yang and Lai convert half the shop to making and selling steamed buns (xiaolongbao). The buns grew so popular that the store stopped selling oil altogether and became a full-fledged restaurant in 1972. The original restaurant is on Xinyi Road in Taipei and the shop sign was a calligraphic work of the then Control Yuan president Yu Youren.
In 1996, the first international location opened in Tokyo, and the first North American store opened in Arcadia, California, in 2000. Their first branch in Indonesia opened at the upmarket shopping mall Plaza Senayan in Jakarta, Indonesia, on April 24, 2005 - as of 2022, having as many as 13 branches spread across the Greater Jakarta area with three outlet formats (regular Din Tai Fung, Noodle Bar, and Chef's Table) and halal or non-halal selections available. The first European branch was opened in London in December 2018. Due to the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on the restaurant industry in the United States, the first North American restaurant closed permanently on June 11, 2020. There are still multiple Din Tai Fung restaurants operating in the United States, located in California, Washington, Oregon, and Nevada.
Legal problems
In March 2023, a Din Tai Fung Australia franchise was prosecuted by the Federal Court of Australia for underpaying staff, pressuring employees to sign an Australian workplace agreement, and failing to pay approximately A$175,000 in owed wages.
Reputation
Din Tai Fung is known internationally for its paper-thin wrapped xiaolongbao with 18 folds. In November 2009, the Hong Kong and Macau 2010 edition of the Michelin Guide awarded the restaurant's first Hong Kong branch at Tsim Sha Tsui, Silvercord Branch (), a Michelin star. The Michelin Guide recommended the restaurant's second branch in Hong Kong at Causeway Bay, Yee Wo Branch (), in December 2010, as well as Hong Kong's Silvercord Branch in 2013.
In January 2019, Din Tai Fung voluntarily closed their Westfield Sydney location after discovering rats, which nearby construction had displaced. The city council also required the restaurant to pass health inspections before re-opening.
See also
List of Chinese restaurants
List of restaurants in China
List of restaurants in London
List of restaurant chains in Australia
List of companies of Taiwan
Bafang Dumpling
References
External links
Din Tai Fung official website (Global)
1958 establishments in Taiwan
Taiwanese restaurants
Chinese restaurants
Chinese cuisine
Culture in Taipei
Fast-food chains of Singapore
Restaurants established in 1958
Restaurant chains
Restaurant chains in Australia
Restaurant chains in Singapore
Restaurant chains in China
Restaurants in Indonesia
Restaurants in Japan
Restaurants in Los Angeles
Restaurants in Orange County, California
Restaurants in New South Wales
Restaurant chains in Taiwan
Asian restaurants in Washington (state)
Taiwanese brands |
Bulbophyllum rectilabre is a species of orchid in the genus Bulbophyllum.
References
The Bulbophyllum-Checklist
The Internet Orchid Species Photo Encyclopedia
rectilabre |
Floyd Hudgins (March 11, 1930 – May 11, 2010) was an American politician. He served as a Democratic member for the 15th district of the Georgia State Senate.
Life and career
Hudgins was born in Etowah County, Alabama, the son of Ollie Belle Strickland and William Lonnie Hudgins. He attended St. Clair County High School.
In 1969, Hudgins was elected to represent the 15th district of the Georgia State Senate. He served until 1989, when he succeeded by Gary Parker.
Hudgins died in May 2010, at the age of 80.
References
1930 births
2010 deaths
People from Etowah County, Alabama
Democratic Party Georgia (U.S. state) state senators
20th-century American politicians |
Anna Boleyn, also known as Deception, is a 1920 German historical film directed by Ernst Lubitsch. It stars Henny Porten as Anne Boleyn and Emil Jannings as King Henry VIII.
The film was produced by Paul Davidson's Union Film, a subsidiary of the giant German company UFA. It was shot at the Tempelhof Studios in Berlin. The film's sets were designed by the art director Kurt Richter. The film cost an estimated 8 million marks to make, but was able to recoup this from the sale of the American rights alone which brought in $200,000 (14 million marks).
Plot summary
Cast
Reception
Anna Boleyn was among Mary Pickford's favorite films, calling it "an example of superb direction and splendid acting, especially that of Emil Jannings. It was the first time on the screen that a King had been made human. It has subtle, satirical humor."
Home media
The film was released in the US by Kino Lorber as part of the box set "Lubitsch in Berlin" in 2005–2007 with English intertitles. It was also released in the UK by Eureka's Masters of Cinema series as part of the box set "Lubitsch in Berlin: Fairy-Tales, Melodramas, and Sex Comedies" in 2010 with German intertitles and English subtitles.
See also
Anne Boleyn in popular culture
References
Bibliography
External links
1920 films
1920s biographical films
1920s historical films
Cultural depictions of Anne Boleyn
Cultural depictions of Catherine of Aragon
German black-and-white films
Films about Henry VIII
Films directed by Ernst Lubitsch
Films of the Weimar Republic
Films set in the 1530s
Films set in 16th-century Tudor England
German biographical films
German epic films
German historical films
German silent feature films
Epic films based on actual events
Historical epic films
UFA GmbH films
Films shot at Tempelhof Studios
Silent adventure films
1920s German films
Silent epic films |
My Friend Fela, (), is a 2019 Brazilian biographical documentary film directed by Joel Zito Araújo and produced by Luiza Botelho Almeida. The film was influenced by Fela Kuti, an Afrobeat pioneer and activist from Nigeria.
The film received positive reviews and won several awards at international film festivals.
Cast
Fela Kuti as himself
Carlos Moore as himself
Accolades
Africa Movie Academy Awards for Best Diaspora Documentary.
References
External links
My Friend Fela on YouTube
My Friend Fela and Birth of Afrobeat on World Channel
My Friend Fela and Birth of Afrobeat on KCET
My Friend Fela and Birth of Afrobeat on Thirteen
BOZAR CENTRE FOR FINE ARTS
2019 films
2019 documentary films
Brazilian documentary films
2010s Portuguese-language films |
The Sea of the Hebrides (, ) is a small and partly sheltered section of the North Atlantic Ocean, indirectly off the southern part of the north-west coast of Scotland. To the east are the mainland of Scotland and the northern Inner Hebrides (including Skye and the Small Isles); to the west are the southern Outer Hebrides islands, principally South Uist, Eriskay, and Barra. To the north is the Little Minch, a channel connecting it with the Minch.
The Sea of the Hebrides forms part of the Inner Seas off the West Coast of Scotland, as defined by the International Hydrographic Organization, and part of the Seas west of Scotland as far as fisheries management is concerned.
Ending on 30 August 2019, the Scottish Government consulted on a proposal to designate the Sea of the Hebrides a Marine Protected Area (MPA). The designation was confirmed in December 2020. The designated area of the MPA covers , mainly to protect the area's population of basking sharks and minke whales.
References
External links
Sea of the Hebrides MPA Summary Leaflet - Scottish Government
Scottish coast
Hebrides
Seas of the Atlantic Ocean
European seas
Bodies of water of Scotland
Marine Protected Areas of Scotland |
Silverstone Heliport is north of Buckingham, Buckinghamshire, England and within the mid-east of the Silverstone Circuit motor racing track, formerly RAF Silverstone.
Silverstone Northern Heliport had a CAA Ordinary Licence (Number P874) that allows flights for the public transport of passengers or for flying instruction as authorised by the licensee (Silverstone Circuits Limited). The aerodrome is not licensed for night use.
The site was the world's busiest heliport for one day during the 1999 British Grand Prix, handling 4,000 aircraft movements in one day. The airfield used six air traffic controllers and a continuous message broadcast (ATIS) service.
Many flights relate to the annual Grand Prix events but fewer than in 1999 due to improved roads to the venue.
The helipads/short strips are within yards of the southern extent of Northamptonshire (considered the East Midlands), which straddles the course.
References
Airports in England
Heliports in England
Transport in Buckinghamshire
Airports in South East England |
Hockeytown and Hockey Town are generic words used in common practice throughout the United States and Canada to identify any town, city or community that has a history and reputation of participating in the sport of ice hockey. Many North American cities are and have been referred to by the label. Warroad, Minnesota was the first city known to use the designation "Hockeytown". The term has been used to describe the following cities:
Berlin, New Hampshire – Earned the title in 2002, after almost 90 years of a rich hockey history. Claims to be the breeding ground for some of the best players.
Binghamton, New York has been referred to as Hockey Town since the mid-1970s. After a tepid first year of support, the Broome Dusters grew greatly in popularity, and were able to draw many sellouts. The quick success led the Hockey News to declare Binghamton as Hockey Town USA. Binghamton is home to a Federal Prospects Hockey League franchise.
Denver, Colorado – Earned the title in 2022, after the Colorado Avalanche won the Stanley Cup, the University of Denver Pioneers won the NCAA National Championship, and the Denver East Angels won the USA Hockey High School National Championship. In addition the Colorado Warriors (Disabled Veteran hockey) of the Warrior hockey discipline within USA Hockey won 2 championships in 3 divisions (including the top tier) of the 2022 USA Hockey Warrior Classic (National Championship) in Detroit, MI, October 30, 2022. The Avalanche and the Pioneers became the first professional and college teams from the same city to win the Stanley Cup and the NCAA Division I National Championship in the same year since the Boston Bruins and the Boston University Terriers in 1972.
Detroit, Michigan – The phrase "Hockeytown", when combined with the distinctive winged wheel logo of the NHL's Detroit Red Wings, is a registered trademark owned by the franchise.
Traverse City, Michigan has been referred to as "Hockeytown North", due to the Red Wings' training camp being located at Traverse City's Centre Ice Arena.
Montreal, Quebec has been described as the "Best Hockey City in North America". The first indoor ice hockey game was played in the city, on 3 March 1875. The formalized modern sport of ice hockey originated in Montreal in 1877.
Nashville, Tennessee was referred to as a kind of Hockeytown in May, 2017.
O'Leary, Prince Edward Island has been described as "Hockeytown PEI".
Warroad, Minnesota has been referred to as "Hockeytown" for over 50 years. The Hockeytown Holiday Classic has been played in Warroad since 1994.
The phrase "hockey town" has also been applied to Boston, Massachusetts; Buffalo, New York; Nashville, Tennessee; Philadelphia, Pennsylvania; Saint Paul, Minnesota; Pardubice, Czech Republic; Sarpsborg, Norway; and Skellefteå, Sweden.
References
Ice hockey terminology |
The nucleus raphe magnus (termed the nucleus raphes magnus by Terminologia Anatomica and some publications) is one of the seven raphe nuclei. It is situated in the pons in the brainstem, just rostral to the nucleus raphe obscurus.
The NRM receives afferent stimuli from the enkephalinergic neurons of the periaqueductal gray; the serotonergic neurons of the NRM then bilaterally project efferents to the enkephalinergic and dynorphin-containing interneurons of the substantia gelatinosa of the posterior grey column of the spinal cord. This neural path thus mediates pain perception through pre-synaptic inhibition of first-order afferent (sensory) neurons.
Anatomy
Afferents
It receives afferents from the spinal cord and cerebellum.
It receives descending afferents from the periaqueductal grey matter (PAG), the paraventricular hypothalamic nucleus, central nucleus of the amygdala, lateral hypothalamic area, parvocellular reticular nucleus and the prelimbic, infralimbic, medial and lateral precentral cortices. It is one of the afferent targets of the ascending reticular activating system.
Efferents
It projects efferents to the posterior grey column (to modulate pain).
Neurophysiology and function
The nucleus raphe magnus seems to participate in the endogenous analgesia system. Mounting evidence suggests that the nucleus raphe magnus plays an important role in homeostatic regulation. Its afferents from the spinal cord and cerebellum suggest it may be a part of the motor system.
Pain modulation
The main function of the nucleus raphe magnus is pain mediation. The nucleus raphe magnus releases serotonin when stimulated. It sends projections to the enkephalin-releasing interneurons of the posterior grey column to directly inhibit pain.
The periaqueductal gray (PAG), an area of the brain involved in mediating analgesia, sends efferent stimuli to the nucleus raphe magnus when stimulated by opioids (endogenous or otherwise); electrical stimulation of the PAG as well as administration of opioid agonists to the PAG or nucleus raphe magnus produces analgesia; the antinociceptic effects of electrical stimulation of the PAG can be blocked by administering naloxone (an opiate antagonist) to the nucleus raphe magnus. Similarly, afferent fibres from the spinothalamic tract synapse at the periaqueductal grey matter which in turn projects to the nucleus raphe magnus, which when stimulated directly inhibits pain fibers in the posterior grey column, alleviating pain. All of this seems to indicate that the nucleus raphe magnus is part of the endogenous opiate system, and acts to inhibit pain in the spinal cord.
See also
Raphe nuclei
References
Medulla oblongata
Serotonin |
Cars Quatre Roues Rallye, or Cars Race Rally, is an attraction at Walt Disney Studios Park at Disneyland Paris in Marne-la-Vallée. The attraction opened on June 9, 2007, as part of the park's expansion land, Toon Studio (now known as Worlds of Pixar). The attraction's theme is based on Disney·Pixar's Cars franchise. On August 27, 2021, following Disneyland Paris' reopening, Walt Disney Studios announced that the attraction was set to become part of the Worlds of Pixar area.
Summary
The attraction is located in Toon Studio and themed as an automobile service station in Radiator Springs. The attraction is surrounded by boulders which imitate the rocky formations of the Grand Canyon.
Similarly to Francis' Ladybug Boogie at Disney California Adventure and Whirlpool at Tokyo DisneySea, the ride system is a standard 2-table Zamperla Demolition Derby. The vehicles automatically change from one spinning turntable to the next while interweaving and switching places with the other vehicles.
This attraction eventually led to Walt Disney Imagineering creating a custom-made 3-table version with modified swinging vehicles at several DisneyParks, including: Mater's Junkyard Jamboree, Alien Swirling Saucers, and The Happy Ride With Baymax.
References
Amusement rides introduced in 2007
Quatre Roues Rallye
Walt Disney Studios Park
Pixar in amusement parks
Toon Studio (Walt Disney Studios Park)
Amusement rides manufactured by Zamperla
2007 establishments in France |
Nassfeld or Naßfeld (, ) is a town and ski resort in the district Hermagor of the Austrian state of Carinthia.
It is located below the Nassfeld Pass. Lake Pressegg is nearby, where it is possible to swim in summer and ice skate in the winter.
Ski resort
Nassfeld is a popular sport destination for winter and summer sports which include skiing, snowboarding, cross-country skiing, mountain hiking and offers more than 1000 km of hiking trails. The area has 30 ski lifts: 5 Gondolas, 5 Six-Seater Chairlifts, 4 four-seater chairlifts and 16 tow lifts. The ski resort has over 220 snow machines for creating artificial snow and 110 km of ski tracks. The cable car called Millennium-Express can lift people to the summit 1919 meters high in less than 15 minutes. The ski resort expands on elevation between 600 and 2000 meters. It has one of Carinthia's longest runs, Carnia, with 7.6 Kilometers in length. weather often differs in these areas but its overall sunny in the summer months and quite a high temperature (5-15 degrees Celsius)
External links
Test review, webcams, snow and weather conditions for Nasseld
Nassfeld ski resort guide
Ski areas and resorts in Austria
Geography of Carinthia (state)
Sports venues in Carinthia (state)
Cities and towns in Hermagor District |
Scharosch is the German name for two places in Romania:
Șoarș, a commune in Brașov County (Scharosch bei Fogarasch)
Șaroș pe Târnave, a village in Dumbrăveni town, Sibiu County (Scharosch an der Kokel) |
Bucak (pronounced 'budjak') is a Turkish word meaning "corner", and in the administrative sense, a subdistrict. Its variants are also names for various localities in Asia and Europe.
Bucak (administrative unit), subdistricts of Turkey, also known as nahiyes
Bucak, Burdur, a town and district of Burdur Province, Turkey
Bucak, Çivril
Budjak, a region in Southern Bessarabia
Sedat Bucak (born 1960), Turkish chieftain and politician
See also
Budjak (disambiguation)
Bujak (disambiguation)
Bucaq, Yevlakh (disambiguation)
Turkish words and phrases
Turkish-language surnames |
Homalium travancoricum is a species of plant in the family Salicaceae. It is native to Kerala and Tamil Nadu in India.
References
travancoricum
Flora of Kerala
Flora of Tamil Nadu
Vulnerable plants
Taxonomy articles created by Polbot |
Dennis Arnold Drew (born August 8, 1957) is the keyboardist for the American alternative rock band 10,000 Maniacs. He has been with the band since its inception in 1981 and is one of three founding members along with Steve Gustafson and John Lombardo in the current band lineup. Drew also spent 17 years (2004-2021) as general manager of WRFA-LP, a low-power nonprofit radio station in Jamestown, New York.
Discography
With 10,000 Maniacs
Human Conflict Number Five (EP) (1982)
Secrets of the I Ching (1983)
The Wishing Chair (1985)
In My Tribe (1987)
Blind Man's Zoo (1989)
Hope Chest: The Fredonia Recordings 1982-1983 (1990)
Our Time in Eden (1992)
MTV Unplugged (1993)
Love Among the Ruins (1997)
The Earth Pressed Flat (1999)
Campfire Songs: The Popular, Obscure and Unknown Recordings (2004)
Live Twenty-Five (2006)
Extended Versions (2009)
Triangles (EP) (2011)
Music From The Motion Picture (2013)
Twice Told Tales (2015)
For Crying Out Loud (EP) (2016)
Playing Favorites (2016)
Live at the Belly Up (2017)
References
External links
Official Site - 10,000 Maniacs
WRFA-LP - WRFA 107.9 official site
10,000 Maniacs members
1957 births
Living people
20th-century American keyboardists
21st-century American keyboardists
Songwriters from New York (state)
People from Jamestown, New York |
Elyria is the debut studio album by rock band Faith and the Muse.
Critical reception
The Washington Post gave the album a mixed review, writing: "A meeting of gothic minds, Faith and The Muse's debut, Elyria, fails to avoid some of the genre's more hackneyed cliches: Gonging church bells and whipping winds conjure a requisitely dank atmosphere, and [Monica] Richards's lyrics reinforce the overwrought ambience." The review ultimately judged the album to be "richly textured" and "an engaging, if melodramatic, effort."
Track listing
Credits
All instruments and voices performed by William Faith and Monica Richards
Mastered by Tom Baker at Future Disc Systems, Hollywood, California
All titles composed by Faith and the Muse c and p Elyrian Music, BMI, 1994, except:
"When to Her Lute Corinna Sings," text by Thomas Campion - Anno Domini 1600
Artwork and layout by Monica Richards
Photography by Clovis IV (photographer)|Clovis IV of Vertigo Graphic Arts, Santa Barbara, California
Original lyrics by Monica Richards, except "The Trauma Coil", written by William Faith.
"The Unquiet Grave", traditional ballad circa 1400
References
Faith and the Muse albums
1994 debut albums |
The FIA Formula 3 International Trophy was a FIA-sanctioned international formula series that ran in 2011 for Formula Three cars. The Trophy was the first international Formula Three series since the demise of the European Formula Three Championship in 1984, and was created to increase the appeal of the category, which had seen the various F3 championships suffer from falling grid sizes.
The trophy comprised three existing events for Formula Three cars, the Pau Grand Prix, Masters of Formula 3 and Macau Grand Prix, and one event from both the British F3 and Formula 3 Euro Series. Drivers registered in any of the national F3 series were eligible to enter the contest, and they competed alongside the drivers entered into the individual events.
After one season, which was won by Spanish driver Roberto Merhi, the Trophy was replaced by the FIA Formula 3 European Championship for 2012.
Season summary
The series began at Hockenheim on 30 April, and finished on 20 November at the Guia Circuit after five meetings. Roberto Merhi was crowned champion after Masters of F3 meeting at Zandvoort. German driver Marco Wittmann finished as runner-up despite driving as guest driver in the first meeting of the season, in Hockenheim. If he had participated as championship driver in these meeting, he would have been crowned champion, because he scored 36 points in these meeting(which did not count for the championship) and he finished 32-point away from Roberto Merhi. Spaniard Daniel Juncadella finished in third place after winning Macau Grand Prix.
Teams and drivers
Four teams registered for the championships; Prema Powerteam, Signature and Motopark Academy from the Formula 3 Euro Series and Carlin from British Formula 3. Guest entries were allowed; all raced in one or two European rounds and/or Macau.
Race calendar
The provisional six-round calendar included the Korea Super Prix, but this was cancelled three weeks before the event.
Results
The F3 International Trophy took on the same scoring system used in Formula One and other FIA Championships, with points awarded to the top ten finishers.
See also
Formula Three
FIA European Formula Three Championship
Formula Three Euroseries
References
2011 in Formula Three
Formula Three series
Defunct auto racing series
2011 establishments in Europe
2011 establishments in Asia
2011 disestablishments in Europe
2011 disestablishments in Asia |
Mission Asteroid (shown as Mission: Asteroid in the manual and on the title screen) is a graphic adventure game for the Apple II written by Ken and Roberta Williams and released in 1980 by On-Line Systems.
Publication history
The game was released as Hi-Res Adventures #0, despite being released after Mystery House and Wizard and the Princess. It was meant as an introduction to the adventure game genre so it was made easier than the rest of Hi-Res Adventures games.
It was later ported to the Atari 8-bit family and Commodore 64.
Reception
Mark Marlow reviewed Mission: Asteroid, Mystery House, and The Wizard and the Princess for Computer Gaming World, and stated that "Mission: Asteroid is the simplest of the group and only requires a few hours to solve."
References
External links
Apple II manual at archive.org
Mission Asteroid at Atari Mania
Mission Asteroid at Gamebase 64
1980 video games
Adventure games
Apple II games
Atari 8-bit family games
Commodore 64 games
Fiction about near-Earth asteroids
FM-7 games
NEC PC-8801 games
NEC PC-9801 games
ScummVM-supported games
Sierra Entertainment games
Video games developed in the United States |
Orhaniye is a village in the Keşan District of Edirne Province in Turkey. Its population is 322 (2022).
References
Villages in Keşan District |
Morgan Township is one of the sixteen townships of Scioto County, Ohio, United States. The 2020 census counted 2,232 people in the township.
Geography
Located in the northwestern part of the county, it borders the following townships:
Camp Creek Township, Pike County - north
Scioto Township, Pike County - northeast corner
Valley Township - east
Rush Township - south
Union Township - southwest
Brush Creek Township - west
Rarden Township - northwest
No municipalities are located in Morgan Township.
Name and history
Named after settler Thomas Morgan, it is one of six Morgan Townships statewide.
Morgan Township was organized in June 1825.
Government
The township is governed by a three-member board of trustees, who are elected in November of odd-numbered years to a four-year term beginning on the following January 1. Two are elected in the year after the presidential election and one is elected in the year before it. There is also an elected township fiscal officer, who serves a four-year term beginning on April 1 of the year after the election, which is held in November of the year before the presidential election. Vacancies in the fiscal officership or on the board of trustees are filled by the remaining trustees.
References
External links
County website
Townships in Scioto County, Ohio
Townships in Ohio |
Lot Lonoikaua Kamehameha Carey Lane (1864–1953) was the last insurgent to be captured by government forces after the Uprising of 1895 in Hawaii. He advocated better treatment for prisoners of war by the Republic of Hawaii, while being incarcerated himself.
Early life
Lane was born 31 July 1864 in Waialua and was personally named after Kamehameha V. He was a brother of John Carey Lane and of Irish-Hawaiian who claimed to be descended from Kamehameha I and the Irish Monarchy. He expressed this claim openly to fellow insurgents receiving the nickname "Kamehameha".
Family
Lane married Elizabeth Lokai Kaohele who had their daughter Bernicia Kailiponi Lane (1898–1942).
Military career
Lane was a Royal Guard during the Overthrow of the Kingdom of Hawaii. He joined the insurgency and was a Lieutenant and third-in-command in the 1895 Uprising under Robert W. Wilcox and Samuel Nowlein. Lane was known to be intimidating standing six feet tall. He was a Second-in-command during the Battle of Diamond Head where his brother was captured. During the Battle of Mānoa he was separated from the retreating insurgent force and fled into the Koolau mountains. He came out of hiding after fighting subsided believing a foreign intervention had come, after asking a passerby he discovered the Revolution was crushed. Contrary to the fears of Lt. Lane and the warning to Government Forces to use caution when encountering him, he surrendered peacefully to police becoming the last insurgent to be captured. After being brought to police headquarters he was escorted by six guards for fear that he might overpower the regular number for a normal prisoner. He was locked in with over a hundred undernourished POWs. He protested that night making noise with food trays and yelling to provide additional food. The guards gave in to his demands because of their fears of him.
Later life
After Hawaii's annexation Lane became a US citizen and was given the right to vote.
References
Prisoners and detainees of the Republic of Hawaii
People from Hawaii
Hawaiian insurgents and supporters
1953 deaths
1864 births
Hawaiian Kingdom people |
Cosmo Manuche (bap. 1613, d. 1673?), English playwright of an Italian heritage, baptized on 24 October 1613 at The Church of St Andrew, Holborn, in the City of London. He is best-known for two plays written in 1652: The Just General: a Tragi:Comedy and The Loyal Lovers: a Tragi Comedy, as well as his connection to his patron James Compton, 3rd Earl of Northampton.
Early life
Manuche was christened on October 24, 1613, at St Andrew's, Holborn, in the liberties of the City of London, as the oldest surviving son of the painter James Manuche (c.1590–1633) and Katherine, who resided near the Windmill in Shoe Lane, Holborn. His grandfather, Jacomo Manuche (d. 1593), originally came to England about 1573 and spent many years in Sir Francis Walsingham's intelligence-gathering network in England and overseas. Queen Elizabeth I awarded his grandfather a £40 pension for life in 1577.
Cosmo Manuche enrolled at Merchant Taylors' School in London in 1626, a few years after John Webster, the future dramatist, whose family lived near the Manuches in Shoe Lane. He would have presumably dropped out of school around 1631 or 1632. There is no evidence that Cosmo Manuche enrolled at a university. It is possible that he could not attend due to family obligations. His father, James Manuche, died on March 7, 1633, and was buried at St Andrew's, Holborn. Cosmo Manuche was still living in the family house in the early 1630s.
Marriage and children
He married Anne Cooley (d. 1641) on January 19, 1636, at St Dunstan and All Saints, Stepney. There is no record of any of the couple's children being christened at St Andrew's, Holborn. They continued to reside there, because Anne was buried in this same parish on April 11, 1641. Manuche married his second wife, Frances Brewster, on October 27, 1648, in the church of St Bartholomew-the-Less, London. Manuche mentions daughters in the dedication (to James Compton, 3rd Earl of Northampton) of his play The Feast (c.1664).
Death and afterwards
On 7 November 1673, a Major Mullinax was buried in Westminster Abbey's Dark Cloister, and it seems probable that he was Cosmo Manuche, as Manuche's wife Frances Manuche was also buried in the cloisters on 11 January 1676.
Even though his plays were never acted, according to Nicholas Watson they “contain a significance beyond their literary or dramatic worth. For Manuche belongs with some scores of other minor dramatists who were the real harbingers of the Restoration Drama, continuing as they did with the decadent elements in Ben Jonson, John Fletcher, Thomas Middleton, Philip Massinger, John Webster and thus forming a rather closely connected bridge between the later Jacobean dramatists and William Wycherley, John Vanbrugh, William Congreve”.
Recognition
Manuche used the designation ‘Major,’ signalling armed involvement in the royalist cause, along with his patron, James Compton, the third Earl of Northampton, who also composed some dramatic works.
Published works
The Just General: a Tragi:Comedy The Loyal Lovers: a Tragi Comedy (1652)
The Bastard, published anonymously (1652) Bishop Percy found, around 1770, nine manuscript plays other than those already named in the Marquis of Northampton's library at Castle Ashby:
The Banished Shepherdess The Feast: a comedy The Mandrake (a comedy in prose), is unfinished
Agamemnon: a tragedy, is unfinished
Leontius, King of Ciprus The Captives Mariamne''
Two untitled works
References
Year of birth unknown
Year of death uncertain
English people of Italian descent
17th-century English dramatists and playwrights
English male dramatists and playwrights
People from the City of London |
Alexander "Alex" Rondeli (; 7 January 1942 – 12 June 2015) was a Georgian political scientist and one of the country's leading specialists in international affairs who founded and led the think-tank Georgian Foundation for Strategic and International Studies from 1998 until his death in 2015.
Rondeli was born in 1942. He graduated from the Faculty of Oriental Studies at Tbilisi State University and obtained a doctorate in 1974. He went on an exchange program to the London School of Economics and Political Science as a research fellow from 1976 to 1977. He was also a mid-career fellow at the Woodrow Wilson School, Princeton University (1993–94), a
visiting professor at Emory University (1991), Mount Holyoke College (1995), and Williams College (1992, 1995, and
1997). He chaired the Department of International Relations at Tbilisi State University from 1991 to 1996 and directed Foreign
Policy Research and Analysis Center at the Ministry of Foreign Affairs of Georgia from 1997 to 2001. He held a diplomatic rank of an ambassador extraordinary and plenipotentiary. In 1998 he became a founding member and president of an independent, non-profit policy think-tank, the Georgian Foundation for Strategic and International Studies, which has a declared aim of "helping improve public policy decision-making in Georgia through research and analysis, training of policymakers and policy analysts, and public education about the strategic issues". Rondeli was a frequent commentator on the politics and international relations of Georgia and authored many books, articles, and op-eds. two books, International Relations and The Small State in the International System, both in Georgian, are standard texts in Georgian higher education.
He was an advocate of Georgia's Euro-Atlantic orientation, which he saw as the only option for the country to become a viable democracy. He died in 2015, aged 73.
References
1942 births
2015 deaths
Political scientists from Georgia (country)
Tbilisi State University alumni
Academic staff of Tbilisi State University
Alumni of the London School of Economics
Princeton School of Public and International Affairs alumni |
Mount Clitheroe is a summit in Alberta, Canada. It takes its name from Clitheroe, in England.
References
Clitheroe
Alberta's Rockies |
The Thach weave (also known as a beam defense position) is an aerial combat tactic that was developed by naval aviator John S. Thach and named by James H. Flatley of the United States Navy soon after the United States' entry into World War II.
It is a tactical formation maneuver in which two or more allied planes wove in regularly intersecting flight paths to lure an enemy into focusing on one plane, while the targeted pilot's wingman would come into position to attack the pursuer.
Overcoming the Wildcat's disadvantage
Thach had heard, from a report published in the 22 September 1941 Fleet Air Tactical Unit Intelligence Bulletin, of the Japanese Mitsubishi Zero's extraordinary maneuverability and rate of climb. Before even experiencing it for himself, he began to devise tactics meant to give the slower-turning American Grumman F4F Wildcat fighters a chance in combat. While based in San Diego, he would spend every evening thinking of different tactics that could overcome the Zero's maneuverability, and would then test them in flight the following day.
Working at night with matchsticks on the table, he eventually came up with what he called "beam defense position", but which soon became known as the "Thach weave". The theory behind the beam attack was predicated on the 2-plane element of the finger-four formation. It was executed either by two fighter aircraft side-by-side or by two pairs of fighters flying together. When an enemy aircraft chose one fighter as his target (the "bait" fighter; his wingman being the "hook"), the two wingmen turned in towards each other. After crossing paths, and once their separation was great enough, they would then repeat the exercise, again turning in towards each other, bringing the enemy plane into the hook's sights. A correctly executed Thach weave (assuming the bait was taken and followed) left little chance of escape to even the most maneuverable opponent.
Thach called on Ensign Edward "Butch" O'Hare, who led the second section in Thach's division, to test the idea. Thach took off with three other Wildcats in the role of defenders, O'Hare meanwhile led four Wildcats in the role of attackers. The defending aircraft had their throttles wired (to restrict their performance), while the attacking aircraft had their engine power unrestricted this simulated an attack by superior fighter aircraft.
Trying a series of mock attacks, O'Hare found that in every instance Thach's fighters, despite their power handicap, had either ruined his attack or actually maneuvered into position to shoot back. After landing, O'Hare excitedly congratulated Thach: "Skipper, it really worked. I couldn't make any attack without seeing the nose of one of your airplanes pointed at me."
In combat
Thach carried out the first test of the tactic in combat during the Battle of Midway in June 1942, when a squadron of Zeroes attacked his flight of four Wildcats. Thach's wingman, Ensign R. A. M. Dibb, was attacked by a Japanese pilot and turned towards Thach, who dove under his wingman and fired at the incoming enemy aircraft's belly until its engine ignited. The maneuver soon became standard among US Navy pilots and was adopted by USAAF pilots.
For instance, during the Battle of the Santa Cruz Islands, Flatley's division of four Wildcats encountered Zeros from Jun'yō and deployed Thach weave defensive tactics when they attacked. One of the attackers was Lieutenant Yoshio Shiga, who gave up after he made several runs.
Marines flying Wildcats from Henderson Field on Guadalcanal also adopted the Thach weave. The tactic initially confounded the Japanese Zero pilots flying out of Rabaul. Saburō Sakai, the famous Japanese ace, relates their reaction to the Thach weave when they encountered Guadalcanal Wildcats using it:
The maneuver proved so effective that American pilots also used it during the Vietnam War, and it remains a viable dogfighting tactic today.
Criticism
Some pilots criticised the Thach weave. One of the most notable among them was USN ace Swede Vejtasa, who claimed that it is ineffective when faced with experienced attacking pilots. During the training sessions, James Flatley and Vejtasa tested the maneuver with their divisions playing attacking and defending teams. In all attempts the attackers prevailed. According to Vejtasa, he then challenged Thach himself to repeat the exercise with him in order to prove his point, but Thach ignored the challenge.
The Japanese also eventually figured out how to break the Thach weave. For example, during the Battle of the Santa Cruz Islands when USN and IJN strike forces passed each other, Zeros from carrier Zuihō led by Lieutenant Moriyasu Hidaka attacked USN aircraft. In response, Ensigns Al Mead and Raleigh Rhodes in their Wildcats performed the maneuver, but were outmatched and were eventually forced to ditch their ruined fighters. In another example, initially USN Lieutenant Commander Sam Silber and his wingman executed the maneuver with a relative success during the Raid on Kavieng in 1944. However, a few days later they used it again and the attackers shot down the wingman, while Silber's aircraft was severely damaged.
See also
Finger-four formation
Hineri-komi
References
Notes
Sources
. It contains an account by John Thach about the development of the Weave and another about its use in Midway.
Aerial warfare tactics
Military history of the United States during World War II |
Oliver James Roberts (born 23 September 1996) is an English professional footballer who plays as a midfielder for Atherton Collieries.
Club career
After joining Stoke City from Stockport County in 2012, Roberts spent three years in the Stoke academy before joining Tamworth on loan in October 2015. On 3 October 2015, Roberts made his Tamworth debut in Tamworth's 2–0 away defeat against Curzon Ashton, replacing Paul Green at half time. Roberts went onto make five more appearances for Tamworth before being recalled by Stoke in November 2015.
On 22 August 2016, Roberts joined League One side Fleetwood Town on a one-year deal with an option of an extra twelve months. On 9 November 2016, Roberts made his Fleetwood Town debut in an EFL Trophy tie against Carlisle United, in which Fleetwood suffered a 4–2 defeat. On 18 May 2017, it was announced that Roberts would leave Fleetwood upon the expiry of his contract in June 2017.
On 4 August 2017, following his release from Fleetwood, Roberts joined Northern Premier League Premier Division side Stalybridge Celtic. Just over a week later, he made his debut for Stalybridge Celtic during their 1–0 home victory over Nantwich Town, featuring for 80 minutes before being replaced by Lassana Mendes.
In July 2018, Roberts joined Mickleover Sports after spending time in the National Premier Soccer League with New Orleans Jesters. In December 2018, Roberts joined Atherton Collieries.
On 30 June 2022, Roberts returned to Atherton Collieries.
Career statistics
References
1996 births
Living people
Footballers from Ashton-under-Lyne
English men's footballers
Men's association football midfielders
Stockport County F.C. players
Stoke City F.C. players
Tamworth F.C. players
Fleetwood Town F.C. players
Stalybridge Celtic F.C. players
New Orleans Jesters players
Mickleover F.C. players
Buxton F.C. players
Atherton Collieries A.F.C. players
Trafford F.C. players
Colne F.C. players
English Football League players
National Premier Soccer League players
Northern Premier League players
English expatriate men's footballers
Expatriate men's soccer players in the United States
English expatriate sportspeople in the United States |
Josefa Vicent (born 7 May 1950) is a Uruguayan sprinter. She competed in the women's 100 metres at the 1968 Summer Olympics.
References
1950 births
Living people
Athletes (track and field) at the 1968 Summer Olympics
Athletes (track and field) at the 1971 Pan American Games
Athletes (track and field) at the 1972 Summer Olympics
Uruguayan female sprinters
Olympic athletes for Uruguay
Place of birth missing (living people)
Pan American Games competitors for Uruguay
Olympic female sprinters
20th-century Uruguayan women |
Gim Hyo-won (; 1542 – 1 April 1590) was a Korean philosopher and politician during the Joseon dynasty. A Neo-Confucian scholar, his art name was Seongam (), and his courtesy name was Inbaek (). He was a leader of the Easterners faction, born into the Seonsan Gim clan (선산 김씨, 善山 金氏).
Family
Grandfather
Gim Deok-yu (김덕유, 金德裕)
Father
Gim Hong-woo (김홍우, 金弘遇)
Mother
Lady Yun of the Haepyeong Yun clan (해평 윤씨, 海平 尹氏)
Siblings
Younger brother: Gim Yi-won (김이원, 金履元) (1553–1614)
Sister-in-law: Lady Gim of the Gangneung Gim clan (강릉 김씨)
Nephew: Gim Geuk-jeon (김극전, 金克銓)
Nephew: Gim Geuk-myeong (김극명, 金克銘)
Nephew: Gim Geuk-bin (김극빈, 金克鑌) (1600–1628)
Niece-in-law: Princess Jeonggeun (정근옹주, 貞謹翁主) (1601 – 11 July 1613)
Adoptive great-nephew: Gim Se-pil (김세필, 金世泌)
Niece: Lady Gim of the Seonsan Gim clan (선산 김씨, 善山 金氏)
Niece: Lady Gim of the Seonsan Gim clan (선산 김씨, 善山 金氏)
Niece: Lady Gim of the Seonsan Gim clan (선산 김씨, 善山 金氏)
Niece: Lady Gim of the Seonsan Gim clan (선산 김씨, 善山 金氏)
Younger brother: Gim Shin-won (김신원, 金信元)
Younger brother: Gim Ui-won (김의원, 金義元)
Consort(s) and issue
Lady Jeong of the Chogye Jeong clan (초계 정씨)
Son: Gim Geuk-geon (김극건, 金克健)
Daughter-in-law: Lady Heo of the Yangcheon Heo clan (양천 허씨, 陽川 許氏)
Grandson: Gim Se-ryeom (김세렴, 金世濂)
Grandson: Gim Se-pil (김세필, 金世弼)
Daughter: Lady Gim of the Seonsan Gim clan (선산 김씨, 善山 金氏)
Son-in-law: Heo Gyun (허균, 許筠) (10 December 1569 – 12 October 1618)
Granddaughter: Consort Sohun of the Yangcheon Heo clan (소훈 허씨)
Grandson: Heo Goeng (허굉, 許宏)
Great-grandson: Heo Heum (허흠, 許嶔)
Son: Gim Geuk-seon (김극선, 金克銑)
Son: Gim Geuk-ryeon (김극련, 金克鍊)
Son: Gim Geuk-gam (김극감, 金克鑑)
Works
Seongam Jip (성암집, 省庵集)
See also
Shim Ui-gyeom
Yi Hwang
Jo Sik
References
1532 births
1590 deaths
16th-century Korean philosophers
Joseon scholar-officials
Korean Confucianists
Korean scholars
Neo-Confucian scholars |
Cévennes National Park () is a French national park located in Southern France, in the mountainous area of Cévennes.
Created in 1970, the park has its administrative seat in Florac at Florac Castle. It is located mainly in the departments of Lozère and Gard; it also covers some parts of Ardèche and Aveyron, therefore stretching across a record number of departments for a national park. The Aven Armand cave is located in the park. In 2011, the Park was made a part of The Causses and the Cévennes, Mediterranean agro-pastoral Cultural Landscape UNESCO World Heritage Site.
Geography
The park includes several mountains and plateaus, including: Mont Lozère, Mont Aigoual, Causse Méjean, France. Mont Lozère is the highest peak in the area, reaching 1,699 metres.
History
The Cévennes country is rich of history, with a strong cultural identity, being at the heart of Camisard revolt, which followed the revocation of the Edict of Nantes (the Edict of Fontainebleau), after which Protestants were actively prosecuted. Numerous testimonies of Camisard war in the Cévennes abund in towns and villages of the Cévennes National Park. A permanent exhibition devoted to the memory of Camisards has been elaborated at the old temple of Le Rouve (commune of Saint-André-de-Lancize).
Points of interest
Arboretum de Cazebonne
Aven Armand
See also
List of national parks of France
Travels with a Donkey in the Cévennes (1879) by Robert Louis Stevenson
Flora of the Massif central
External links
Official Site (English, French) https://web.archive.org/web/20040211160840/http://www.bsi.fr/pnc/ (in French)
Regordane Info - The independent portal for The Regordane Way or St Gilles Trail. The Regordane Way crosses The Cévennes (in English and French)
References
National parks of France
Biosphere reserves of France
Geography of Ardèche
Geography of Aveyron
Geography of Gard
Geography of Lozère
Protected areas established in 1970
Tourist attractions in Occitania (administrative region)
Tourist attractions in Auvergne-Rhône-Alpes
Tourist attractions in Aveyron
Tourist attractions in Gard
Tourist attractions in Lozère
Tourist attractions in Ardèche |
C'est déjà ça is a 1993 album recorded by French singer Alain Souchon. It was his eleventh album overall and was released on October 10, 1993. It achieved smash success in France where it remained for 100 weeks in the top 50, including one week at the top, and 108 weeks on the chart. It was also successful in Belgium (Wallonia). It provided two successful singles in France : "Foule sentimentale" (#1) and "L'Amour à la machine" (#21). The album was entirely written by the singer himself, while the music was composed by Laurent Voulzy, Jean-Claude Petit and Souchon's son, Pierre Souchon.
Critical reception
The album was certified a Diamond disc with over 1 million copies sold. It also earned several awards, notably earning Souchon the Best male singer of the year award at the 1994 NRJ Music Awards. In 1996, he also won the Vincent Scotto prize awarded by the SACEM for the song "Sous les jupes des filles". This song, not released as a single, was nevertheless much aired on the radio.
Track listing
Source : Allmusic.
Releases
Personnel
Produced by Michel Coeuriot
Michel-Yves Kochmann : guitares (1, 2, 3, 4, 6, 7, 9, 10, 11)
Basile Leroux : guitares (7, 10)
Laurent Voulzy : guitares (8), glide et solo basse (8), chœurs (8)
Laurent Faucheux : batterie (1, 2, 6, 11)
Guy Delacroix : basse (1, 2, 4, 6), basse acoustique (7, 10)
Denis Benarrosch : percussions (1, 3, 4, 6, 10, 11)
Michel Cœuriot : synthétiseurs (1, 3, 4, 8, 9, 11), orgue hammond (2), piano (5, 7), clavinette (6), basse (8), chœurs (8)
Celmar Engel : programmations des synthétiseurs (3, 4, 11)
Recorded by Renaud Letang
Assistant : Bertrand Taussac
At Studio Ferber and at Studio ICP (Brussel)
Mixed by Renaud Letang and Michel Cœuriot
Assistant : Rodolphe Saguinetti
At Studio Guillaume Tell (Paris)
Mastering : Greg Calbi à Sterling Sound à New York
Certifications and sales
Charts
1 Re-issue
References
1993 albums
Alain Souchon albums |
Shabab Al-Aqaba Club () is a Jordanian football club based in Aqaba, Jordan.
Stadium
Shabab Al-Aqaba plays their home games at Al-Aqaba Stadium in Aqaba. The stadium was built and opened on 2017. It has a current capacity of 3,800 spectators .
Kits
Shabab Al-Aqaba's home kit is all blue shirts and shorts, while their away kit is all white shirts and shorts.
Kit suppliers and shirt sponsors
Current squad
References
External links
فريق: العقبة
نادي شباب العقبة الرياضي
Jordan - Al Aqaba SC - Results, fixtures, tables, statistics - Futbol24
Jordan - Aqaba - Results, fixtures, squad, statistics, photos, videos and news - Soccerway
Shabab Al-Aqaba
Association football clubs established in 1965
1965 establishments in Jordan |
The Civico Orto Botanico "Ulisse Aldrovandi", also known as Civico Giardino Botanico "Ulisse Aldrovandi", is a municipal botanical garden located at Vicolo Baciadonne 1 I-40017 San Giovanni in Persiceto, Emilia-Romagna, Italy.
The garden was established in 1985, and named in honor of celebrated natural historian Ulisse Aldrovandi. It now contains about 300 types of plants local to the Po Valley and Emilia-Romagna, as well as an astronomical observatory, planetarium, museum with collection of meteorites and other stones, all of which form part of the Museo del Cielo e della Terra.
See also
List of botanical gardens in Italy
References
BGCI entry
Horti entry
Museo del Cielo e della Terra description (Italian)
San Giovanni in Persiceto guide (Italian)
Astrofili description (Italian)
Botanical gardens in Italy
Gardens in Emilia-Romagna |
Gonojana magnifica is a moth in the family Eupterotidae. It was described by Rothschild in 1917. It is found in Nigeria.
The wingspan about 67 mm. The forewings are thinly scaled purplish chocolate with a whitish streak on the discocellulars and a darker postmedian line inside of which are varying clouded areas of whitish scales. The hindwings are orange-rufous, with the outer one-third purplish chocolate.
References
Endemic fauna of Nigeria
Moths described in 1917
Janinae |
The Livedea Gospod Church () is a Romanian Orthodox church located at 30 Calea Plevnei in Bucharest, Romania. It is dedicated to Saints Constantine and Helena.
The church was built in 1785, probably on the site of an earlier one. The name is an archaic term for “princely orchard” and refers to the ruler’s fruit trees that used to grow in the area. Its ktitors were several neighborhood tradesmen, including a furrier, a tailor and a saddle-maker. They are commemorated in the inscription above the door, written in Romanian Cyrillic and also noting that Michael Drakos Soutzos was prince of Wallachia at the time. Repairs took place in 1861, 1880 and 1919.
The shape is trefoil; the building is small (19.5 x 7–9 meters), with very thick walls. In 1880, the original frescoes were covered in oil painting by Gheorghe Ioanide. Costin Petrescu repainted after 1918, and further work was done in 1960. The paintings were restored in 1995–1997. The church building was consolidated after 1998.
Original frescoes have been uncovered. These decorate the left apse of the nave, and feature Saints Theodore of Amasea, Theodora and Mercurius. Additionally, the ktitor Constantin Beșleaga appears together with his wife Ștefana and their child.
Initially, a bell tower stood above the entrance. It was taken down after becoming deteriorated, and the bells were taken and melted during the German occupation in World War I. New bells were installed after 1918, in a wooden structure repaired in 2003.
The church is listed as a historic monument by Romania's Ministry of Culture and Religious Affairs.
Notes
References
Lucia Stoica and Neculai Ionescu-Ghinea, Enciclopedia lăcașurilor de cult din București, vol. I. Bucharest: Editura Universalia, 2005,
Historic monuments in Bucharest
Romanian Orthodox churches in Bucharest
Churches completed in 1785 |
JSGI, or JavaScript Gateway Interface, is an interface between web servers and JavaScript-based web applications and frameworks. It was inspired by the Rack for Ruby and WSGI for Python and was one of the inspirations of PSGI for Perl.
is a reference implementation of JSGI.
It has been included in and further developed by the CommonJS project.
JSGI packages
All these packages are for Node.JS.
Low level
Q-IO: Promise-based I/O, includes JSGI based HTTP server and client
jsgi-node: Low level JSGI interface for Node.JS
Framework
These frameworks allow using promises with Q:
The names are inspired by Sinatra.
References
External links
JSGI 0.3 specification
JavaScript libraries |
Four ships of the British Royal Navy have been named HMS Glatton.
The first was a 56-gun fourth rate, originally an East Indiaman purchased in 1795 and converted. Participated in the 1797 Battle of Camperdown, and the 1801 Battle of Copenhagen. Converted to a water depot in 1814 and sunk as a breakwater in 1830.
The second was an launched in 1855 and broken up in 1864.
The third was a turret ship launched in 1871 and sold 1903.
The fourth was a coast defence ship, originally the Norwegian Bjørgvin, purchased in 1915 and accidentally blown up in September 1918.
References
Royal Navy ship names |
Mimomorpha clytiformis is a species of beetle in the family Cerambycidae. It was described by Newman in 1842.
References
Desmiphorini
Beetles described in 1842 |
Elachista illectella is a moth of the family Elachistidae. It is found in North America, where it has been recorded from Arizona, Illinois, Indiana, Kentucky, Maine, Mississippi, Ohio, Oklahoma, Ontario, Tennessee, Texas and West Virginia. The habitat consists of deciduous forests.
The wingspan is . Adults are sexually dimorphic. The forewings of the males are fuscous, but the base of the paler scales is grayish white. Females have darker and more evenly dark brown or black forewings than males. The hindwings are fuscous and also darker in females. Adults have been recorded on wing nearly year round.
The larvae feed on Poa (including Poa pratensis), Agrostis, Hystrix, Elymus, Oryzopsis, Bromus and Phleum species. They mine the leaves of their host plant. The mine starts as a fine line, gradually increases in breadth. The larvae are greenish yellow. Mining larvae can be found almost year-round. Pupation takes place beneath a dense white web of silk strands.
References
External links
illectella
Moths described in 1860
Moths of North America |
Casablanca is a port city on the Atlantic coast of western Morocco. Casablanca is Morocco's biggest city, principal port, and economic capital. The town of Casablanca was founded in 1515. It was an important strategic port during World War II and hosted the Anglo-American Summit in 1943. The city is served by Mohammed V International Airport. Casablanca covers the richest and most sophisticated aspects of Morocco life, style, and architecture. Casablanca boasts one of the most extensive and diverse displays of art deco architecture in the world.
Economic overview
Casablanca is the leading force in the economic development of Morocco and represents the key economic trading node for the African-European region. Casablanca is the industrial center of Morocco, with more than half of the country's factories, investment and commerce operations. Half of all of Morocco's commercial banking transactions occur in Casablanca.
Casablanca's phosphate exporting industry is one of the main global ports and the administrative center for its trade. Casablanca also has the highest concentration of light and heavy industrial activity, food processing, textiles, leather production and tourism.
Figures published in 2010 by the financial forecasting and research division of Morocco confirm that inter-regional disparities stand out when it comes to GDP per capita income. In Greater Casablanca, for example, it is on average 3.6 times greater than in Taza-Al Hoceima-Taounate, at 25,918 and 7,257 dirhams respectively during the period 2000–2007.
Economic data
The Greater Casablanca region is considered the locomotive of the development of the Moroccan economy. It attracts 32% of the country's production units and 56% of industrial labor. The region uses 30% of the national electricity production. With MAD 93 billion, the region contributes to 44% of the industrial production of the kingdom. 33% of national industrial exports, MAD 27 billion, approximately US$3.6 billion, come from the Greater Casablanca. 30% of the Moroccan banking network is concentrated in Casablanca.
One of the most important Casablancan exports is phosphate. Other industries include fishing, fish canning, sawmilling, furniture making, building materials, glass, textiles, electronics, leather work, processed food, beer, spirits, soft drinks, and cigarettes.
The Casablanca and Mohammedia seaports activity represent 50% of the international commercial flows of Morocco.
A Hewlett Packard office for French-speaking countries in Africa is in Casablanca.
See also
Economy of Morocco
References
Casablanca
Casablanca |
Jean-Louis Allibert (1897–1979) was a French film and television actor. He is sometimes also known as Louis Allibert.
Selected filmography
Monte Carlo (1925)
The Painter and His Model (1925)
Saint Joan the Maid (1929)
Paris by Night (1930)
Le Million (1931)
Alone (1931)
The Three Musketeers (1932)
The Blaireau Case (1932)
Youth (1933)
Sidonie Panache (1934)
Light Cavalry (1935)
Prince Charming (1942)
At Your Command, Madame (1942)
Shot in the Night (1943)
The Queen's Necklace (1946)
Criminal Brigade (1947)
Passion for Life (1949)
References
Bibliography
Gmür, Leonhard. Rex Ingram: Hollywood's Rebel of the Silver Screen. Impressum, 2013.
External links
1897 births
1979 deaths
French male film actors
French male silent film actors
20th-century French male actors
Male actors from Paris |
The gymnastics competition at the 2018 Gymnasiade was held from May 2–9 in Marrakesh, Morocco.
Medal winners
See also
Gymnastics at the 2013 Gymnasiade
Gymnastics at the 2022 Gymnasiade
References
Gymnasiade
2018 Gymnasiade
2018 Gymnasiade |
Harry Almond (10 April 1928 – 17 October 2004) was a British rower. He competed in the men's coxless four event at the 1952 Summer Olympics.
References
1928 births
2004 deaths
British male rowers
Olympic rowers for Great Britain
Rowers at the 1952 Summer Olympics
Sportspeople from Blackpool |
This article summarizes the events related to the world of poker in 1980.
Major tournaments
1980 World Series of Poker
Stu Ungar wins the main tournament.
1980 Super Bowl of Poker
Gabe Kaplan wins the main tournament.
Poker Hall of Fame
Blondie Forbes is inducted.
See also
Chronology of poker
References
1980 in poker |
Spencerville is a village in Allen County, Ohio, United States. The population was 2,198 at the 2020 census. It is included in the Lima, Ohio Metropolitan Statistical Area.
History
Spencerville was platted in 1844 when the Miami and Erie Canal was extended to that point. The village was named after William Spencer, a canal planner. An early variant name was Acadia. A post office called Acadia was established in 1854, and the name was changed to Spencerville in 1867.
Geography
Spencerville is located at (40.708912, -84.351620).
According to the United States Census Bureau, the village has a total area of , all land.
Demographics
2010 census
As of the census of 2010, there were 2,223 people, 817 households, and 583 families living in the village. The population density was . There were 886 housing units at an average density of . The racial makeup of the village was 96.5% White, 0.4% African American, 0.2% Native American, 0.4% Asian, and 2.5% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 0.7% of the population.
There were 817 households, of which 40.3% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 49.3% were married couples living together, 16.2% had a female householder with no husband present, 5.9% had a male householder with no wife present, and 28.6% were non-families. 24.6% of all households were made up of individuals, and 12.2% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.66 and the average family size was 3.15.
The median age in the village was 33.4 years. 30.6% of residents were under the age of 18; 7.8% were between the ages of 18 and 24; 25.5% were from 25 to 44; 20.8% were from 45 to 64; and 15.2% were 65 years of age or older. The gender makeup of the village was 48.7% male and 51.3% female.
2000 census
As of the census of 2000, there were 2,235 people, 845 households, and 599 families living in the village. The population density was . There were 903 housing units at an average density of . The racial makeup of the village was 97.72% White, 0.63% African American, 0.18% Native American, 0.09% Asian, and 1.39% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 0.31% of the population.
There were 845 households, out of which 35.9% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 53.4% were married couples living together, 13.1% had a female householder with no husband present, and 29.1% were non-families. 25.4% of all households were made up of individuals, and 13.0% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.54 and the average family size was 3.03.
In the village, the population was spread out, with 28.5% under the age of 18, 7.2% from 18 to 24, 27.2% from 25 to 44, 20.4% from 45 to 64, and 16.6% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 35 years. For every 100 females there were 89.9 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 82.9 males.
The median income for a household in the village was $32,619, and the median income for a family was $40,625. Males had a median income of $30,701 versus $22,708 for females. The per capita income for the village was $17,140. About 12.3% of families and 13.0% of the population were below the poverty line, including 20.4% of those under age 18 and 7.9% of those age 65 or over.
Education
Spencerville built a new school that houses K-12 and opened in 2008. Spencerville High School sports participate in the Northwest Conference, an athletic body sanctioned by the Ohio High School Athletic Association.
Spencerville has a public library, a branch of the Allen County Library.
Notable residents
Kathy Krendl, President of Otterbein University
References
External links
Video of abandoned SPEG locomotive in 1997
Villages in Allen County, Ohio
Villages in Ohio
1844 establishments in Ohio
Populated places established in 1844 |
Aklavik was a small cargo vessel the Hudson's Bay Company used to carry supplies to, and furs from, its outposts in the high Arctic. She was active in the first half of the 20th century.
Construction
She was long, had a cargo capacity of about 45 tons, and was mainly propelled by sail, although she had a auxiliary engine.
Aklavik was built in Vancouver, then shipped, by rail, to Fort McMurray, then the northernmost terminus of the North American railgrid. Until the railgrid was extended to the riverport of Hay River, on Great Slave Lake, every vessel operating on, or transiting, the Mackenzie River, was shipped to Fort McMurray, then proceeded to a portage around the extensive rapids on the Slave River, near Fort Smith. Aklavik was towed from Fort McMurray to the portage, without any engines. Used engines were installed after she transited the portage.
Aklavik was registered in Winnipeg.
Operational history
She was frozen in, over-winter, in Bernard Harbour, in 1930, resulting in her sinking, but she was refloated.
Some sources report that Aklavik was actually the second vessel to traverse the Northwest Passage, in 1937, under the command of Scotty Gall, not the Royal Canadian Mounted Police (RCMP) schooner .
According to the Hudson's Bay Company, however, since, after transiting the Bellot Strait, to Baffin Bay, she rendezvoused with a larger ship in the Company's fleet, , transferred some cargo, and then turned around, stopping short of a full traverse of the passage.
Later in 1942, the ship was sold, for $1, to Patsy Klengenberg, son of Christian Klengenberg, for him to resupply trading posts at King William Island. On 31 August 1946, Klengenberg had anchored the Aklavik at Cambridge Bay. While starting the engine a fire broke out, the ship exploded and Klengenberg was killed.
References
1923 ships
Hudson's Bay Company ships
Schooners
Transport in Nunavut
Water transport in the Northwest Territories |
Mohammed Hayef Sultan Areej Al-Mutairi (Arabic: محمد هايف سلطان عريج المطيري) is a Kuwaiti politician and member of the Kuwaiti National Assembly representing the fourth district. Born in 1964, Al-Mutairi studied Islamic studies and served in the Kuwait Municipality before being elected to the National Assembly in 2008. Al-Mutairi affiliates with Islamist deputies.
Political career
Guaranteeing bank deposits opposition
On October 28, 2008, the parliament voted 50–7 to insure all types of deposits in all local banks within Kuwait. Al-Mutairi opposed the bill, along with Jabir Al-Azmi, Hussein Al-Qallaf Al-Bahraini, Daifallah Bouramiya, Mohammed Al-Obaid, Musallam Al-Barrak and Waleed Al-Tabtabaie. Al-Mutairi accused the Cabinet of speeding up the bill's passage for the benefit of monetary tycoons.
Request to grill Prime Minister Nasser
In November 2008, Al-Mutairi joined with fellow Islamist MPs Waleed Al-Tabtabaie and Mohammed Al-Mutair in filing a request to grill Prime Minister Nasser Al-Mohammed Al-Sabah for allowing prominent Iranian Shiite cleric Mohammad Baqir al-Fali to enter Kuwait despite a legal ban. The ban was later repealed by the state court-system.
Protest against Israeli attacks
On December 28, 2008, al-Mutairi with fellow Kuwaiti lawmakers Mikhled Al-Azmi, Musallam Al-Barrak, Marzouq Al-Ghanim, Jamaan Al-Harbash, Ahmed Al-Mulaifi, Ahmed Al-Sadoun, Nasser Al-Sane, and Waleed Al-Tabtabaie protested in front of the National Assembly building against attacks by Israel on Gaza. Protesters burned Israeli flags, waved banners reading, "No to hunger, no to submission" and chanted "Allahu Akbar". Israel launched air strikes against Hamas in the Gaza Strip on December 26 after a six-month ceasefire ended on December 18.[dead link]
References
Members of the National Assembly (Kuwait)
Living people
1964 births |
Farm Relief is a 1929 animated short subject produced by Columbia Pictures, featuring Krazy Kat. The film is also the character's fifth to employ sound after the studio made the transition less than a year before.
Plot
Krazy lives in a barn with his farm animals. Whenever he has no farm work to do, he plays on his piano.
One day a pig in black coat and sunglasses comes to the farm. He then puts up a stand to sell liquor. His first customer is a cow. The cow, after drinking a few ounces, then heads to tell the other animals. They too are instrested as they flock to the stand.
Eventually, Krazy learns of this when he sees an intoxicated chicken. Though he reprimands that fowl for drinking, he also becomes interested when other animals come and offer him a bottle. And when he too drinks and gets intoxicated, Krazy celebrates by playing a piano and singing the song Down by the Old Mill Stream. The animals join his singing.
After playing his instrument, Krazy goes to collect milk from a cow. It turns out what he tries to milk is actually a donkey. The angry donkey pushes Krazy back and smashes the pail on his head. A real cow shows up feeling sympathetic for Krazy as the cartoon irises out.
See also
Krazy Kat filmography
References
External links
Farm Relief at the Big Cartoon Database
1929 films
American animated short films
American black-and-white films
1929 animated films
Films set on farms
Krazy Kat shorts
Columbia Pictures short films
1920s American animated films
Columbia Pictures animated short films
Screen Gems short films |
Mikel Martins das Neves (born 28 May 1983) is a Spanish former professional footballer who played as a defensive midfielder.
Club career
A product of Athletic Bilbao's youth system, Martins was born in San Sebastián, Basque Country, and started his senior career with the club's farm and B teams. He spent nine of his first ten seasons as a professional in the Segunda División B, also representing RCD Espanyol B, CD Baza, CD Guijuelo, Benidorm CF and CD Mirandés, joining the latter in June 2010.
Martins started in 27 of his 35 appearances for Mirandés in 2011–12, as the Castile and León side reached Segunda División for the first time ever. He played his first match in the competition on 17 August 2012, coming on as a late substitute in a 0–1 home loss against SD Huesca.
On 21 July 2015, Martins signed with Real Unión from Hércules CF. He retired at the age of 36, after one year with SD Amorebieta also in the third tier and his native region.
References
External links
1983 births
Living people
Spanish men's footballers
Footballers from San Sebastián
Men's association football midfielders
Segunda División players
Segunda División B players
Tercera División players
Antiguoko players
CD Basconia footballers
Athletic Bilbao B footballers
Athletic Bilbao footballers
RCD Espanyol B footballers
CD Guijuelo footballers
Benidorm CF footballers
CD Mirandés footballers
Cádiz CF players
Hércules CF players
Real Unión footballers
SD Amorebieta footballers |
Jabur, alternately Jabor (Jawi: جابور; Chinese: 雅姆) is a small town in Kemaman District, Terengganu, Malaysia..
Kemaman District
Towns in Terengganu |
The Yacoubian Building (, transliterated: ʿImārat Yaʿqūbīān or Omaret Yakobean) is a 2006 Egyptian film based on the novel of the same title by author Alaa Al Aswany. It has been reported to be the highest-budgeted film in the history of Egyptian cinema.
Background
Like the novel ostensibly set in 1990 at about the time of the first Gulf War, the film is a scathing portrayal of modern Egyptian society since the coup d'état of 1952. The setting is downtown Cairo, with the titular apartment building (which actually exists) serving as both a metaphor for contemporary Egypt and a unifying location in which most of the primary characters either live or work and in which much of the action takes place.
The actual namesake Yacoubian building, constructed in the Art Deco style, still stands in downtown Cairo at the address given in the novel: 34 Talaat Harb Street (referred to by its old name, Suleiman Basha Street, by both native Cairenes and the novel's characters). As in the novel, the film's version of the building is "in the high classical European style, the balconies decorated with Greek faces carved in stone."
After premiering at the Berlin Film Festival in 2006, the film opened in Egypt in June.
The Yacoubian Building was Egypt's official submission to the 79th Academy Awards for Best Foreign Language Film.
Plot summary
The film opens with a luff tracing the building's history, as wealthy expatriate and Egyptian residents give way, after the 1952 coup that overthrew King Farouk and eventually resulted in the installation of Gamal Abdel Nasser as President of Egypt, to new families, and as the rooftop storage rooms are converted into living space for lower-class families. The rooftop community, effectively a slum neighborhood, is symbolic of the urbanization of Egypt and of the burgeoning population growth in its large cities in recent decades, especially among the poor and working classes. In the faded apartments of the main floors and on the building's teeming roof, the film's principal characters are introduced:
Zaki Pasha el Dessouki (Adel Emam) – a wealthy and elderly foreign-educated engineer who spends most of his time pursuing women and who maintains an office in the Yacoubian, he personifies the ruling class prior to the Revolution: cosmopolitan, cultured, western in outlook, and not particularly observant of Islam
Taha el Shazli (Mohamed Imam) – the son of the building doorman, he excelled in school and hoped to be admitted to the Police Academy but found that his father's profession, considered too lowly by the generals conducting his character interview, was an obstacle to admission; disaffected, he enrolls at the University and eventually joins a militant Islamist organization modeled upon the Jamaa Islamya
Buthayna el Sayed (Hend Sabry) – initially Taha's childhood sweetheart, she is forced to find a job to help support her family after her father dies and is disillusioned to find that her male employer expects sexual favors from her and her female coworkers in exchange for additional money and gifts on the side, and that her mother expects her to preserve her virginity while not refusing her boss's sexual advances outright; embittered, she eventually comes to use her beauty as a tool to advance her own interests but finds herself falling in love with Zaki Bey el Dessouki, whom she'd been planning with Malak to swindle out of his apartment
Malak (Ahmed Bedeir) – a shirtmaker and petty schemer seeking to open a shop on the Yacoubian's roof and then to insinuate himself into one of the more posh apartments downstairs
Hatim Rasheed (Khaled El Sawy) – the son of an Egyptian father who was a noted legal scholar and a French mother, he is the editor of Le Caire, a French-language daily newspaper; more attention is paid to his private life, for he is a fairly open homosexual in a society which either looks the other way or openly condemns such behavior and inclinations
Hagg Muhammad Azzam (Nour El Sherif) – one of Egypt's wealthiest men and a migrant to Cairo from the countryside, in the space of thirty years he has gone from shoeshiner to self-made millionaire; he seeks an acceptable and legal outlet for his (temporarily) resurgent libido in a secret, second marriage to an attractive young widow, and also realizes his goal of serving in the People's Assembly (Parliament), but comes face to face with the enormous corruption, graft, and bribery of contemporary Egyptian politics.
Christine (Yousra) – a world-weary chanteuse who advises Zaki Bey on his love life and whose poignant singing of European songs like "La Vie en Rose" punctuates the film.
The stories of each of the primary characters are intertwined, at times colliding or converging with one another. Together, they give a biting condemnation of a nation that has squandered its promise and which has been forced to compromise its own principles, resulting in a corrupt and undemocratic political system dominated by a single party (the fictitious "Patriotic Party", a thinly-veiled version of Egypt's National Democratic Party). The unlikely pairing of the elderly roué and the disillusioned young girl that ends the film provides a closing grace note that can be seen as a ray of hope against the death and unhappiness that has befallen the other characters.
Cast
Adel Emam .. Zaki Pasha
Nour El-Sherif .. Haj Azzam
Yousra.. Christine
Hend Sabri.. Bosaina
Somaya El Khashab
Khaled El Sawy .. Hatem Rasheed
Issad Younis .. Dawlat
Ahmed Bedeir.. Malak
Ahmed Rateb
Khaled Saleh
Bassem Samra
Mohamed Emam .. Taha El-Shazli
Youssef Daoud
Commercial and critical reception
Having received the Adults Only seal from the board of censors in Egypt, the film debuted on June 25 to box office returns of over LE 6,000,000 in its first week, according to Al Ahram daily, giving it the record for the biggest debut ever for a theatrical film in Egypt. It went on to gross LE 20 million during its initial theatrical run.
TV series
After the success of the film in 2006, a television series under the same name of Yacoubian Building was launched in 2007 with a major difference – the gay character in the film and the source novel was excised from the TV series adaptation of the novel because of its controversial nature.
References
Further reading
Selvick, Stephanie. "Queer (Im)possibilities: Alaa Al-Aswany's and Wahid Hamed's The Yacoubian Building" (Chapter 8). In: Pullen, Christopher. LGBT Transnational Identity and the Media. Palgrave Macmillan. 29 February 2012. , 9780230353510.
External links
BBC News: Egypt debates controversial film
Egyptian LGBT-related films
2000s Arabic-language films
Films set in Cairo
Films based on Egyptian novels
Films directed by Marwan Hamed
2006 drama films
2006 films
Egyptian drama films
LGBT-related drama films
2006 LGBT-related films |
Muge is a surname. Notable people with the surname include:
Alexander Muge (1948–1990), Kenyan Anglican bishop
Amélia Muge (born 1952), Mozambique-born Portuguese singer, instrumentalist, composer, and lyricist
Some Muge (1959–1997), Kenyan long-distance runner
See also
Müge, a given name |
In ancient Roman religion, a votum, plural vota, is a vow or promise made to a deity. The word comes from the past participle of the Latin verb voveo, vovere, "vow, promise". As the result of this verbal action, a votum is also that which fulfills a vow, that is, the thing promised, such as offerings, a statue, or even a temple building. The votum is thus an aspect of the contractual nature of Roman religion, a bargaining expressed by do ut des, "I give that you might give."
Private vota
In everyday life, individuals might make votive offerings to a deity for private concerns. Vota privata are attested in abundance by inscriptions, particularly for the later Imperial era. These are regularly marked with the letters V.S.L.M., votum solvit libens merito, noting that the person making the dedication "He has fulfilled his vow, willingly, as it should." William Warde Fowler found in these offerings "expressions of … religious feeling" and a gratitude for blessings received that go deeper than contractual formalism.
Military vota
During the Republican era, the votum was a regular part of ceremonies conducted at the Capitoline by a general holding imperium before deploying. The triumph with its dedication of spoils and animal sacrifices at the Capitol was in part a fulfillment of such a vow. A general who faced an uncertain outcome in battle might make a votum in the field promising to build a temple out of gratitude for divine aid in a victory. In 311 BC, Junius Bubulcus became the first plebeian general to vow and oversee the building of a temple; he honored the goddess Salus, "Salvation". A vow would also be made in connection with the ritual of evocatio, negotiations with the enemy's tutelary deity to offer superior cult. An extreme form of votum was the devotio, the ritual by which a general sacrificed himself in battle and asked the chthonic deities to take the enemy as offerings along with him.
Public vota
In the Republic, vota pro salute rei publicae ("vows for the security of the republic") were offered at the beginning of the year, on the day the consuls took office.
Under the Empire, the people assembled on January 3 to offer collective vows for the salus ("health, safety, wellbeing") of the emperor. Offerings were made to Jupiter, Juno, Salus, and sometimes other deities. These vows originated in 30 BC, when the senate decreed vota on behalf of Octavian (later Augustus) as princeps. The vota for the state continued on January 1, while those on behalf of the emperor and his family became fixed on January 3. In Rome, these ceremonies were conducted by the consuls and pontiffs, and in the provinces probably by governors and local priests and officials.
Vota publica continued even after Christianity had become the official religion of the Empire, and possibly as late as the 6th century. Because the vows were as much affirmations of political loyalty as religious expressions, they were difficult to abolish without undermining the sacral aura of the emperor's authority.
See also
Ex-voto
References
Ancient Roman religion
Latin religious words and phrases |
Matilde Charro (born 14 March 1953) is a Cuban basketball player. She competed in the women's tournament at the 1980 Summer Olympics.
References
1953 births
Living people
Cuban women's basketball players
Olympic basketball players for Cuba
Basketball players at the 1980 Summer Olympics
Basketball players from Havana |
Micropholis casiquiarensis is a species of plant in the family Sapotaceae. It is found in Brazil and Venezuela.
References
casiquiarensis
Near threatened plants
Taxonomy articles created by Polbot
Taxa named by André Aubréville |
Teofil Adamecki (1886 in Bielsko-Biała – 1969) was a Polish lawyer and activist.
He graduated in law at Vienna University. Adamecki was a member of Rada Narodowa Księstwa Cieszyńskiego (National Council of the Duchy of Cieszyn), a local Polish self-government council set to temporarily manage the area before the decision concerning the future of Cieszyn Silesia. Later he became director the Chamber of Commerce and Industry and Chamber of Izba Welny in Bielsko. From 1933 to 1939 Adamecki was president of the Bielsko branch of the Polish Tourist Association.
After World War II he was one of the founders and first president of the Towarzystwo Miłośników Ziemi Bielsko-Bialskiej (Association of Friends of Bielsko-Biała Land).
References
People from Cieszyn Silesia
Polish activists
20th-century Polish economists
1886 births
1969 deaths
Recipients of the Order of Polonia Restituta |
Paul Bevan (born 27 September 1984) is an Australian rules football player with the Sydney Swans of the Australian Football League (AFL).
Having grown up in Sydney, playing for Western Suburbs Magpies AFC in the Sydney AFL and the NSW/ACT under-18s team, he was elevated from the Swans' rookie list in 2004.
He played 24 senior games in that year and earned a nomination for the Rising Star award in round four. In 2005, he played 15 games and was a member of the Swans' first premiership winning team in 72 years.
In 2010, Bevan managed to solidify his place in the senior side again. He played mostly in defence but also appeared in the forward line, where he had trained all off season, to good effect. His best game of the year was possibly the Elimination Final against Carlton, in which he kicked 3 goals as a dangerous small forward. He was dropped along with Jesse White the next week however as Ben McGlynn and Daniel Bradshaw were brought back from injury. He requested a trade to a Victorian club due to his omission from the finals side, but no trade was arranged and he stayed a Swan in 2011. Bevan was delisted by the Swans after he struggled to find form and consistency in the last few years.
Bevan has played for the Perth Demons in the WAFL (Western Australia) for the past two years.
Statistics
|- style="background-color: #EAEAEA"
! scope="row" style="text-align:center" | 2004
|style="text-align:center"|
| 42 || 24 || 7 || 2 || 132 || 102 || 234 || 75 || 46 || 0.3 || 0.1 || 5.5 || 4.3 || 9.8 || 3.1 || 1.9
|-
! scope="row" style="text-align:center" | 2005
|style="text-align:center;"|
| 42 || 15 || 3 || 1 || 68 || 51 || 119 || 34 || 36 || 0.2 || 0.1 || 4.5 || 3.4 || 7.9 || 2.3 || 2.4
|- style="background:#eaeaea;"
! scope="row" style="text-align:center" | 2006
|style="text-align:center;"|
| 42 || 9 || 0 || 1 || 70 || 36 || 106 || 45 || 36 || 0.0 || 0.1 || 7.8 || 4.0 || 11.8 || 5.0 || 4.0
|-
! scope="row" style="text-align:center" | 2007
|style="text-align:center;"|
| 42 || 17 || 3 || 1 || 109 || 94 || 203 || 83 || 35 || 0.2 || 0.1 || 6.4 || 5.5 || 11.9 || 4.9 || 2.1
|- style="background:#eaeaea;"
! scope="row" style="text-align:center" | 2008
|style="text-align:center;"|
| 42 || 24 || 10 || 10 || 182 || 133 || 315 || 124 || 86 || 0.4 || 0.4 || 7.6 || 5.5 || 13.1 || 5.2 || 3.6
|-
! scope="row" style="text-align:center" | 2009
|style="text-align:center;"|
| 42 || 19 || 2 || 3 || 132 || 137 || 269 || 99 || 53 || 0.1 || 0.2 || 6.9 || 7.2 || 14.2 || 5.2 || 2.8
|- style="background:#eaeaea;"
! scope="row" style="text-align:center" | 2010
|style="text-align:center;"|
| 42 || 14 || 9 || 9 || 120 || 87 || 207 || 78 || 35 || 0.6 || 0.6 || 8.6 || 6.2 || 14.8 || 5.6 || 2.5
|-
! scope="row" style="text-align:center" | 2011
|style="text-align:center;"|
| 42 || 7 || 5 || 7 || 38 || 25 || 63 || 14 || 37 || 0.7 || 1.0 || 5.4 || 3.6 || 9.0 || 2.0 || 5.3
|- class="sortbottom"
! colspan=3| Career
! 129
! 39
! 34
! 851
! 665
! 1516
! 552
! 364
! 0.3
! 0.3
! 6.6
! 5.2
! 11.8
! 4.3
! 2.8
|}
Family
He is the great nephew of rugby league legend Brian Bevan.
References
External links
Sydney Swans site player profile
1984 births
Living people
Australian rules footballers from Sydney
Sydney Swans players
Sydney Swans premiership players
NSW/ACT Rams players
Perth Football Club players
Western Suburbs Magpies AFC players
VFL/AFL premiership players |
Greg "H-Ball" Herbold (Born December 11, 1962) is an American former professional mountain bike racer. He competed in many forms of cycling including cross-country racing and Mountain bike trials but, was most notable for his downhill mountain bike racing career. Herbold was inducted into the Mountain Bike Hall of Fame in 1996.
Mountain biking career
Herbold was born in Denver, Colorado. He won the first dual slalom race at Mammoth Mountain in 1987. A year later, "Over the 1989 Labor Day weekend, September 2–4, around 1,500 mountain bike aficionados united under a blazing sun at Big Bear Lakes, CA, home of the NORBA National Championships... By Monday, the morning of the downhill race, many of the riders had gone, leaving the steep, technical 1,200-foot descent to the daredevils. Greg "Hair-ball" Herbold careened down the chute of deep ruts and shifting dust with hidden rocks to finish first with a time of 2:28... Herbold, on that fine line between finesse and out-of-control, also won the dual slalom event."
Herbold won the Downhill Class at the 1990 UCI Mountain Bike World Championships in Durango, Colorado. He won the NORBA National Downhill Championship in 1988, 1989, and 1993, and the North American Downhill Championship in 1991.
He appears in the videotape "Battle At Durango: First-Ever World Mountain Bike Championships" produced by New & Unique Videos of San Diego and released in 1991.
After retirement from racing, Herbold worked in the cycling industry, at RockShox and later SRAM.
References
External links
Greg Herbold at the Mountain Bike Hall of Fame
1962 births
Sportspeople from Denver
People from Durango, Colorado
Downhill mountain bikers
American male cyclists
Living people
UCI Mountain Bike World Champions (men)
American mountain bikers |
Clifton Wintringham was the name of two doctors who lived in York:
Clifton Wintringham senior, died 1748
Sir Clifton Wintringham (1720–1794), son of Clifton Wintringham senior |
Jeremiah Hacker (1801 – August 27, 1895) was a missionary, reformer, vegetarian, and journalist who wrote and published The Pleasure Boat and The Chariot of Wisdom and Love in Portland, Maine from 1845 to 1866.
Biography
Born in Brunswick, Maine to a large Quaker family, Hacker moved to Portland as a young adult. He lost his hearing, and used an ear trumpet. He married Submit Tobey, known as Mittie, in 1846. He was a Portland newspaper publisher for two decades. He was strikingly tall with a big, bushy beard. After the Great Fire of 1866, Hacker left Portland and retired to a life of farming in Vineland, New Jersey, where he continued to write, sending letters and poems in to Anarchist and Free thought newspapers until his death in 1895.
Career
In Portland, he worked as a penmanship instructor, a teacher, and a shopkeeper. Eventually he sold his shop in 1841 and took to the road as an itinerant preacher during the Second Great Awakening. He traveled through Maine, telling people to leave their churches and seek their inner light, or "that of God within."
Returning to Portland in 1845, Hacker began writing and printing a reform journal called The Pleasure Boat. According to Hacker himself, he sold his one good coat to pay for the newspaper's first edition. He wore a borrowed coat after that, which he referred to for years as "the old drab coat." He wrote his newspaper on his knee and lived in a boarding house in near-poverty, while he spent all his time getting his message out.
He became known as an outspoken journalist who railed against organized religion, government, prisons, slavery, land monopoly, and warfare. He was a proponent of abolition, women's rights, temperance, and vegetarianism. He was an early proponent of anarchism, and free thought, he was also a prison reformer. Unhappy with how juvenile offenders were treated in the adult prisons, Hacker was influential in building public support for a Maine reform school which became the third in the country, after Philadelphia and Boston. Because of the culture of reform that existed in 19th-century New England, The Pleasure Boat enjoyed wide circulation until the approach of the American Civil War. On the brink of a war that many fellow reformers thought was unavoidable and morally justifiable, Hacker advocated pacifism, and lost so many readers his newspaper foundered. By 1864 he started another newspaper entitled The Chariot of Wisdom and Love.
Hacker has been described as "Maine’s original alt-journalist". He was known for criticizing quack doctors selling fake miracle cures.
Vegetarianism
Hacker was a vegetarian who championed animal rights, environmentalism and vegetarianism in his Pleasure Boat newspaper. In the July 20, 1854 Pleasure Boat, Hacker commented: "It has been proved that those who live on vegetable food, bread, fruits, &c., are healthier, can perform more labor, endure more heat and cold, and live to a greater age, than flesh eaters."
Temperance
Hacker was a supporter of temperance but not of total alcohol prohibition. He did criticize the prohibition group the Martha Washingtons in 1845 when the group did organize a Christmas dinner at Exchange Hall in Portland that served "hogs and oxen." Hacker wrote: “Animal food begets an unnatural thirst, which requires unnatural drink, and has been one of the greatest causes of drunkenness in this nation.”
Death
Hacker died on August 27, 1895, in Vineland, New Jersey at age 94. He is buried in the Siloam Cemetery.
Influence
Historian William Berry said: "In his time, Hacker, who was born in Brunswick was – if not famous – strangely influential." Journalist Liz Graves of The Ellsworth American said: "his ideas about a society ordered by individual morals rather than government and laws closely mirror those of international anarchist Emma Goldman and others a few decades later." Journalist Avery Yale Kamila of the Portland Press Herald said: "All these years later, the Pleasure Boat reads like a roadmap to many issues that were to gain traction in the coming years." Authors Karen and Michael Iacobbo in their book Vegetarian America: A History have said that Hacker "helped cultivate" the vegetarian movement.
References
Further reading
1801 births
1895 deaths
19th-century American male writers
19th-century American newspaper publishers (people)
19th-century American non-fiction writers
Abolitionists from Maine
American animal rights activists
American anarchists
American male journalists
American male non-fiction writers
American opinion journalists
American pacifists
American Quakers
American vegetarianism activists
Anarchist writers
Freethought writers
Journalists from Maine
People from Vineland, New Jersey
People of Maine in the American Civil War
Writers from Brunswick, Maine
Writers from Portland, Maine
Activists from Portland, Maine |
Bendenius is an extinct genus of prehistoric ray-finned fish.
See also
Prehistoric fish
List of prehistoric bony fish
References
Prehistoric ray-finned fish genera
Palaeonisciformes |
The Stony Brook Seawolves men's basketball statistical leaders are individual statistical leaders of the Stony Brook Seawolves men's basketball program in various categories, including points, assists, blocks, rebounds, and steals. Within those areas, the lists identify single-game, single-season, and career leaders. The Seawolves represent Stony Brook University in the NCAA Division I Colonial Athletic Association.
Stony Brook played its first Division I season in 1999. These lists are updated through the end of the 2021–22 season.
Scoring
Rebounds
Assists
Steals
Blocks
References
Lists of college basketball statistical leaders by team
Statistical |
Leo Arvid Mustonen (March 1, 1920 – November 18, 1942) was a Finnish-American World War II Army Air Forces aviation cadet who was reported missing after a plane crash on November 18, 1942 until his frozen remains were found in October 2005 on the surface of the Mendel Glacier in the Sierra Nevada mountain range, 63 years later. He was 22 at the time of his death.
Mustonen's aircraft, a Beech 18 AT-7 Navigator #41-21079 was based at Mather Field in Sacramento, California. It was on a navigation training mission when it disappeared, and was piloted by 2nd Lt. William Gamber.
In 1947, four UC Berkeley students found the wreck. One of the students guided an air-sea recovery team from Hamilton Field in Marin County, California, to the wreck site in late September, 1947. Engine identification tags confirmed that the plane wreckage belonged to #41-21079. No bodies were recovered. In 1948, a team of soldiers from Ft. Lewis in Washington returned to the glacier but were also unable to recover any remains.
Then, Mustonen's remains were found in 2005. In August, 2007, the body of another cadet was discovered by Peter Stekel, an author conducting research for a book about the four aviators and the disappearance of their airplane. His book, Final Flight, was published in late 2009 by Wilderness Press.
Mustonen joined the army during his senior high school year in Brainerd, Minnesota and was in training to become a navigator when he was reported missing. His family have made arrangements to bury his remains alongside those of his parents in Brainerd.
Four cadets were aboard the training flight that crashed east of Fresno, California, and until Mustonen's body was found, only some wreckage was recovered, in 1947. Pilot Lt. William Gamber and aviation cadet John Melvin Mortensen are still missing, and the National Park Service considered search for their remains in the following spring.
Mustonen's identity was revealed February 4, 2006 after forensic testing used hair and teeth as well as some of Mustonen's equipment to date the body, as his nameplate had corroded and could not be used. The autopsy on Mustonen showed that his injuries were so severe that he would have died instantly upon impact.
He was buried in his hometown on March 24, 2006.
On February 11, 2008, JPAC Joint POW-MIA Accounting Command notified the next of kin that the second airman found on Mendel Glacier was Ernest Glenn Munn.
References
External links
Final Flight – the book
Final Flight blog
CNN article with identity revealed
USAToday
KFSN TV article about Body of Frozen World War II Airmen Found
Brainerd Dispatch newspaper (hometown) feature articles collection and multimedia
1920 births
1942 deaths
United States Army Air Forces personnel killed in World War II
American people of Finnish descent
People from Brainerd, Minnesota
United States Army Air Forces officers
Military personnel from Minnesota |
The 2020–21 Lafayette Leopards men's basketball team represented Lafayette College in the 2020–21 NCAA Division I men's basketball season. The Leopards, led by 26th-year head coach Fran O'Hanlon, play their home games at the Kirby Sports Center in Easton, Pennsylvania as members of the Patriot League. With the creation of mini-divisions to cut down on travel due to the COVID-19 pandemic, they play in the Central Division.
Previous season
The Leopards finished the 2019–20 season 19–12, 10–8 in Patriot League play to finish in a tie for fourth place. They defeated Army in the quarterfinals of the Patriot League tournament, before losing in the semifinals to Colgate.
Roster
Schedule and results
|-
!colspan=12 style=| Patriot League regular season
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!colspan=12 style=| Patriot League tournament
|-
|-
Source
References
Lafayette Leopards men's basketball seasons
Lafayette Leopards
Lafayette Leopards men's basketball
Lafayette Leopards men's basketball |
Emmet Gael Sullivan (born June 4, 1947) is an American attorney and jurist serving as a senior United States district judge of the United States District Court for the District of Columbia.
He earned his undergraduate and law degrees from Howard University. He worked in private practice for more than a decade at Houston & Gardner, becoming a name partner in 1980. He was appointed to the Superior Court of the District of Columbia in 1984 by President Ronald Reagan, to the District of Columbia Court of Appeals as an Associate Judge in 1992 by President George H. W. Bush, and to the federal bench in 1994 by President Bill Clinton.
Early life and education
Sullivan was born in Washington, D.C., in 1947 and attended local schools. He graduated from McKinley Technology High School in 1964. In 1968, he received a Bachelor of Arts degree in political science from Howard University, a historically black university, and in 1971 a Juris Doctor from the Howard University School of Law.
Career
Upon graduation from law school, Sullivan received a Reginald Heber Smith Fellowship in poverty law from the University of Pennsylvania. He was assigned to the Neighborhood Legal Services Program in Washington, D.C., where he worked for one year. The following year, he served as a law clerk to Superior Court Judge James A. Washington Jr., a former professor and dean of Howard University School of Law.
In 1973, Sullivan joined the law firm of Houston & Gardner, co-founded by Charles Hamilton Houston, who had expanded Howard University Law School as its dean, and led litigation for the NAACP to overturn racially restrictive laws. Sullivan became a partner and was actively engaged in the general practice of law with that firm.
In August 1980, his partner, William C. Gardner, was appointed as an Associate Judge of the Superior Court of the District of Columbia. Sullivan was a name partner in the successor firm of Houston, Sullivan & Gardner. He also taught as an adjunct professor at the Howard University School of Law and has served as a member of the visiting faculty at Harvard Law School's Trial Advocacy Workshop.
Sullivan was appointed by President Reagan to the Superior Court of the District of Columbia on October 3, 1984. On November 25, 1991, Sullivan was appointed by President George H. W. Bush to serve as an Associate Judge of the District of Columbia Court of Appeals.
Federal judicial service
Sullivan was nominated by President Bill Clinton on March 22, 1994, to a seat on the United States District Court for the District of Columbia vacated by Judge Louis F. Oberdorfer. He was confirmed by the United States Senate on June 15, 1994, and received his commission on June 16, 1994. Sullivan assumed senior status on April 3, 2021.
Notable cases
Sullivan presided over a number of habeas corpus petitions in the early 21st century submitted on behalf of men detained by the United States military at the Guantanamo Bay detention camp as part of President George W. Bush's response to the 9/11 attacks of terrorism.
Sullivan presided over the 2008 trial of U.S. Senator Ted Stevens, who was convicted of seven felony ethics violations in October. During the trial, the judge refused requests by the defense for a mistrial to be declared, after information was revealed that the prosecution had withheld exculpatory Brady material. Eight days after the guilty verdict, Stevens narrowly lost his reelection bid. As more evidence of prosecutorial misconduct became known in early 2009, Judge Sullivan held four prosecutors in civil contempt of court. On April 1, 2009, following a Justice Department probe that found additional evidence of prosecutorial misconduct, the Department of Justice recommended that Stevens' conviction be dismissed. On April 7, 2009, Sullivan set aside the conviction and appointed a lawyer to investigate the prosecution team for criminal contempt. Subsequently, one of the four prosecutors held in contempt committed suicide. Ultimately, Sullivan dismissed the civil contempt charges, and no additional charges were brought against the three surviving prosecutors.
In 2014, Sullivan was presiding over a case, Judicial Watch v. IRS, related to an ongoing investigation into the 2013 IRS controversy. There was a fruitless attempt to determine where the deleted emails of former IRS employee Lois Lerner had gone, what damage to her computer hard drive occurred, and what steps the IRS had taken to recover the information contained in the emails and on the hard drive.
In 2015, Sullivan presided over a FOIA lawsuit involving the matter of Hillary Clinton's private email use while Secretary of State.
According to the American Civil Liberties Union (ACLU), a woman and her child fled domestic abuse in El Salvador to seek asylum in the U.S. However, the mother was removed from her detention facility and likely put on a plane on August 9, 2018, despite Justice Department promises that she and others would not be deported before the judge could rule on their cases. Sullivan demanded, "Turn that plane around." He threatened to hold those responsible for the removal in contempt of court, starting with Attorney General Jeff Sessions, if the situation was not rectified. A Department of Homeland Security official stated, "We are complying with the court's requests...the plaintiffs will not disembark and will be promptly returned to the United States."
Blumenthal v Trump
Judge Sullivan presided over a lawsuit involving President Trump, which challenged payments by foreign governments to Trump-owned hotels. Sullivan granted in part and denied in part the Trump team's motion to dismiss for lack of standing; denied the motion to dismiss for failure to state claim; and certified interlocutory appeal. On February 7, 2020, in a per curiam decision, the United States Court of Appeals for the District of Columbia Circuit held that individual members of Congress lacked standing to bring action against the president. The court, finding in favor of Trump, reversed and remanded Sullivan's holding that the members of Congress had standing to sue and instructed him to dismiss the complaint.
US v Flynn
The case of United States of America v. Michael T. Flynn, the former national security adviser to Donald Trump, was randomly assigned to District Court Judge Rudolph Contreras. On December 1, 2017, Flynn and special counsel Robert Mueller agreed to a plea bargain in the D.C. court. In the plea bargain, Flynn admitted to one count of lying to the FBI and said he was cooperating with the Mueller investigation.
On December 7, Contreras recused himself from the case, which was randomly reassigned to Sullivan. After questioning Flynn about his reasons for pleading guilty, Sullivan accepted Flynn's guilty plea. Sullivan deferred sentencing Flynn several times because prosecutors indicated he was still cooperating with their investigation.
In June 2019 Flynn changed attorneys, retaining controversial Texas attorney Sidney Powell to head his legal team, and began to assert that investigators and prosecutors had acted improperly. On December 16, 2019, Sullivan rejected Flynn's claims of entrapment by the FBI and malfeasance by prosecutors, and set sentencing for January 28, 2020. On January 14, 2020, Flynn filed a motion to withdraw his guilty plea "because of the government's bad faith, vindictiveness, and breach of the plea agreement." On January 16, Sullivan postponed Flynn's sentencing date to February 27.
On May 7, 2020, the Department of Justice (DOJ) said it would move to drop all charges against Flynn. It was left to Sullivan to determine whether to dismiss the charges and, if so, whether to do it "with prejudice" to prevent a retrial. On May 11, 2020, former federal judge and prosecutor John Gleeson co-authored with other former law enforcement officials an op-ed encouraging Judge Sullivan to scrutinize the DOJ's motion. On May 12, Sullivan announced that he would place a hold on the DOJ's move to drop charges against Flynn, and would consider a hearing involving "friend of the court" (amicus curiae) input from outside parties with interests and perspectives. On May 13, Sullivan appointed Gleeson as amicus to formally oppose the DOJ's attempt to drop charges, and to look into whether Flynn had committed perjury when he twice told the court under oath that he was guilty. Sullivan said "at the appropriate time" he would set a schedule for outside parties to argue against the DOJ's claims as it moves to drop the charges.
On May 19, Flynn's post-conviction attorney Powell filed a writ of mandamus appeal with the D.C. Circuit Court of Appeals, asking that Sullivan be ordered to drop the charges, challenging his decision to appoint Gleeson, and asking that he be removed from the case. On May 21, citing US v Fokker Servs, BV, 818 F.3d 733 (DC Cir 2016), the D.C. Circuit ordered Sullivan to respond to the writ of mandamus by June 1, 2020, and invited the government to respond within the same 10-day period. On June 1, as part of his response, Sullivan argued that the Fokker decision does not apply because it did not consider a situation where the defendant pleaded guilty twice and the prosecutor changed course; Sullivan moved to dismiss. Oral arguments before a D.C. Circuit Court of Appeals panel were held on June 12, 2020. Sullivan was next due to hear the case on July 16, 2020.
On June 24, 2020, in a 2-1 decision, the D.C. Circuit Court of Appeals panel granted Flynn's petition for a writ of mandamus, ordering Judge Sullivan to dismiss the case. "In this case, the district court's actions will result in specific harms to the exercise of the Executive Branch's exclusive prosecutorial power. The contemplated proceedings would likely require the Executive to reveal the internal deliberative process behind its exercise of prosecutorial discretion, interfering with the Article II charging authority." The decision also vacated Judge Sullivan's amicus appointment on mootness grounds. In response to the higher court ruling, Judge Sullivan issued an order canceling the July 16 hearing date but did not address the DOJ's motion further. Judge Sullivan's options were either to request the full appellate court to review the case or to grant the DOJ's motion to dismiss the charges in accordance with the writ of mandamus.
On July 9, Judge Sullivan asked the entire U.S. Court of Appeals for the District of Columbia Circuit to review the June 24 decision, saying the panel's decision represented a "dramatic break from precedent". On July 20, 2020, Flynn filed his response to Judge Sullivan's request for the full court to review the panel decision to order the criminal charges dismissed. By Order dated July 30, 2020, the full court granted Judge Sullivan's request and scheduled oral argument for August 11, 2020. In addition to vacating the June 24, 2020 panel decision, the Order directs all parties to be prepared to "address whether there are 'no other adequate means to attain the relief' desired" (citation omitted). On August 11, the full appeals court heard arguments from the DOJ and from Flynn's attorney. On August 31, the appeals court declined to order dismissal of Flynn's prosecution. In an en banc hearing, eight of the D.C. Circuit judges ruled in favor of allowing Sullivan to adjudicate the case. Only the two judges who ruled in favor of Flynn in June 2020, appointed by Presidents George W. Bush and Donald J. Trump ruled against the decision. In their dissent, they reversed their earlier position that the case should not be taken from Sullivan and assigned to another judge.
On November 25, 2020, Trump issued Flynn a full presidential pardon. On December 8, 2020, Judge Sullivan dismissed the case as moot because of the presidential pardon. In his 43-page opinion he commented that the pardon was "extraordinarily broad", noted that such a pardon does not render the recipient "innocent", and pointed out that acceptance of a pardon implies an admission of guilt.
A man who left a graphic death threat on Sullivan's voicemail during the Flynn proceeding was sentenced in July 2021 to 18 months in prison.
Post Office
On October 28, 2020, Sullivan ordered USPS to lift limits on extra trips and overtime leading up to Election Day. He also ordered the Postal Service to update him on the number of trips occurring each day at a national, regional, and local level. On November 3, Sullivan ordered the USPS to "sweep its facilities" in crucial swing states by 3 p.m. that day. The USPS failed to meet the deadline. After the USPS failure to comply with the court-ordered ballot sweep, Sullivan ordered Postmaster General Louis DeJoy to appear in court. Sullivan has also ordered the Postal Service to sweep their facilities for ballots twice a day in states with extended deadlines. At a post-election hearing in early November, Sullivan said that DeJoy "is either going to have to be deposed or appear before me and testify under oath about why some measures were not taken."
Title 42
On November 15, 2022, Sullivan ruled that Title 42 expulsion, a tool used by presidents Donald Trump and Joe Biden to forbid asylum seekers from remaining in the United States was a violation of the Administrative Procedure Act, noting that the Title was an "arbitrary and capricious" violation of the Act. The ruling required the United States government to process all asylum seekers under immigrant law as previous to Title 42's implementation, and Sullivan specifically called out the CDC for intentionally ignoring the negative effects that Title 42 would bring about, as well as failing to allow migrants to reside with legal US residents. The ruling was celebrated by the ACLU, the plaintiff in the case.
See also
List of African-American federal judges
List of African-American jurists
References
External links
|-
1947 births
Living people
20th-century American judges
21st-century American judges
African-American judges
Howard University School of Law alumni
Judges of the United States District Court for the District of Columbia
Judges of the District of Columbia Court of Appeals
Judges of the Superior Court of the District of Columbia
Judges presiding over Guantanamo habeas petitions
Lawyers from Washington, D.C.
United States district court judges appointed by Bill Clinton |
Pfeil ("Arrow") was the name given to two separate U-boat "wolfpacks" of Nazi Germany during World War II.
Pfeil 1 (Sep 1942)
The first wolfpack comprised 11 U-boats and operated from 12 September 1942 to 22 September 1942. This pack patrolled both sides of the Atlantic Ocean, preying on merchant vessels coming to Europe from the Americas.
U-boats involved
Raiding Success
Pfeil 1 was responsible for the sinking of 0 ships in the Atlantic Ocean.
Pfeil 2 (Feb 1943)
The first wolfpack comprised 13 U-boats and operated from 1 February 1943 to 9 February 1943. This pack patrolled both sides of the Atlantic Ocean, preying on merchant vessels coming to Europe from the Americas.
U-boats involved
Raiding Success
Pfeil 2 was responsible for the sinking of 11 ships (54,326 GRT) plus 1 ship damaged (9,272 GRT) in the Atlantic Ocean.
Bibliography
Sources
Wolfpacks of 1942
Wolfpacks of 1943
Wolfpack Pfeil
Wolfpack Pfeil |
C-Note may refer to:
C-Note (album), an album by the musician Prince
C-Note (band), an Orlando boy band
C-Note (rapper), an American rapper
C-note (bill), slang for the United States one-hundred-dollar bill
C (musical note), the first note of the C major scale
C-Note (Prison Break), a character in Prison Break
cNote (film), an animated short by Christopher Hinton
The C Note, an episode of Recess
See also
Lil' C-Note, a stage name of Carlon Jeffery
Lil C-Note, a stage name of Corey Jackson (rapper) |
WGFT (1330 AM) – branded Star 94.7 – is a commercial daytime-only urban adult contemporary radio station licensed to Campbell, Ohio. Owned by Helen Bednarczyk through licensee Y-Town Radio Broadcasting, LLC, the station serves the Youngstown metropolitan area as the local affiliate for The Steve Harvey Morning Show; and the home of syndicated personalities Donnie McClurkin, Michael Baisden and Keith Sweat. WGFT also simulcasts over Girard translator W234CH (94.7 FM).
The WGFT studios are located in downtown Youngstown, while the transmitter for WGFT resides on Blaine Avenue in Youngstown's Hazelton neighborhood; W234CH's transmitter is located on Sunset Drive in Youngstown's Pleasant Grove neighborhood. In addition to a standard analog transmission, WGFT is available online.
History
Prior to 1990, this station was the original home of WHOT, one of the first Top 40 stations in the country. Originally a daytime-only station that signed on October 16, 1955, licensed to the town of Campbell, Ohio, WHOT was founded by Myron Jones and Bill Fleckinstein, who first signed on WJET in Erie, Pennsylvania on the 1570 frequency as a daytimer. After upgrading WJET to a full-time signal on the 1400 kHz frequency in 1955, Jones and Fleckinstein used the now-opened 1570 frequency to establish WHOT in the Youngstown suburb of Campbell, Ohio as a 250 watt non-directional daytime-only station. At the time, the station had to sign off at nighttime in order to protect clear channel XERF in Ciudad Acuña, and for a period WHOT was the only daytimer in the Youngstown market.
Despite the technical limitations, WHOT rose to the top of the local ratings in the Youngstown area. Longtime broadcaster Dick Biondi was the afternoon host on WHOT at this time, while Al DeJulio and "Boots" Bell hosted rival local TV teen dance music programs; DeJulio hosted "45 Hop" on WXTV (Channel 45) while Bell hosted "Dance Party" on WYTV (Channel 33). In 1963, WHOT moved to the 1330 frequency as a full-time operation, continuing with the top 40 format; the 1570 frequency was reallocated to Warren, Ohio and another station, WTCL, was established in 1971.
After moving the format to WHOT-FM (101.1) in 1984, WHOT was sold off to WVBR, Inc. on February 16, 1990 for $290,000; concurrently, WHOT, Inc. acquired WFMJ (1390 AM) from The Vindicator Publishing Company for $230,000 that April 23. A second incarnation of WHOT on the AM dial was launched on the former WFMJ that May 28, at the same time, this station temporarily switched call letters to WFNV, then switched again to WYWR on October 8. By July 6, 1992, the station changed its call sign to WZKC, then to WASN on November 15, 1993, and swapped callsigns with WGFT on December 1, 2003.
The station switched from a gospel music format to a talk/personality format in December 2007. The WGFT calls refer to the station's former gospel music format ("The Gift"), which now resides on sister station WASN AM 1500. It was a full-time station until around 2000, when its night power was voluntarily relinquished. However, their web streaming now operates on a 24-hour basis, along with sister station (and fellow daytimer) WGFT.
In addition to Don Imus, Laura Ingraham, Dave Ramsey, Sean Hannity and Mark Levin, the station featured a local daily talk radio show hosted by Louie Free. Free's show originated on sister station WASN until January 1, 2010, when WASN changed from a Hispanic and gospel music format to carry urban-oriented news/talk programming; Free moved to WYCL and WHTX the following year.
WGFT changed its format to classic hits early in 2012.
In February 2013, WGFT and sister station WASN were taken off the air due to on-going technical reasons with a plan to return to the air by February 2014.
In June 2013, an application was filed with the Federal Communications Commission for WGFT to be rebroadcast on 94.3 FM owned by Helen M. Bednarczyk, wife of WGFT and WASN general manager Ted "Skip" Bednarczyk.
In February 2014, WGFT and WASN were sold by Bernard Radio LLC to Y-Town Radio Broadcasting, LLC, which operates W232AI 93.7. The sale, at a price of $16,501, was consummated on August 1, 2014.
On May 11, 2014, at 10 am, after broadcasting only the sound of a ticking clock for three days, WGFT launched an urban adult contemporary format being simulcast on Niles FM W232AI 93.7, as Star 93.7, launching with 5,000 songs in a row commercial-free. The first song on Star was Black or White by Michael Jackson.
FM translator
Previous logos
References
External links
FCC History Cards for WGFT (WHOT)
FM translator
GFT
Radio stations established in 1955
Urban adult contemporary radio stations in the United States
1955 establishments in Ohio
GFT |
The 1936–37 Detroit Red Wings season was the 11th season for the Detroit franchise in the National Hockey League (NHL) and the fifth operating as the Red Wings. In their 10th season under head coach Jack Adams, the Red Wings compiled a 25–14–9 record, the Red Wings finished first in the American Division and won the Stanley Cup championship. The Wings scored 128 goals, the most in the NHL, and gave up 102 goals by opponents. The team played its home games at Olympia Stadium in Detroit.
In the Stanley Cup semifinals, the Wings defeated the Montreal Canadiens, three games to two. In the 1937 Stanley Cup Finals, the Wings defeated the New York Rangers, three games to two. It was the Red Wings' second consecutive Stanley Cup championship.
Although Defenceman Doug Young was originally the team captain, Herbie Lewis, arguably the team's best player, was eventually chosen as team captain, and led the Red Wings down the stretch to their second Stanley Cup in as many years. The team's statistical leaders included Larry Aurie with 23 goals, Marty Barry and 27 assists and 44 points scored, and Ebbie Goodfellow with 43 penalty minutes. Aurie's 23 goals tied for the most in the NHL during the 1936-37 season, and Barry's 27 assists were second most in the league. Normie Smith was the team's goaltender in all 48 games. Smith's 25 wins as goaltender led the NHL during the 1936-37 season, and his 2,980 minutes in goal were the second most in the league.
Four members of the team have been inducted into the Hockey Hall of Fame: Ebbie Goodfellow (inducted in 1963); Syd Howe (inducted 1965); Marty Barry (inducted 1965); and Herbie Lewis (inducted 1989).
Offseason
Regular season
Final standings
Record vs. opponents
Schedule and results
Playoffs
Playoffs
(C1) Montreal Canadiens vs. (A1) Detroit Red Wings
Detroit wins best-of-five series 3–2.
(A1) Detroit Red Wings vs. (A3) New York Rangers
Detroit wins the Stanley Cup 3–2.
Player statistics
Regular season
Scoring
Goaltending
Playoffs
Scoring
Goaltending
*Doug Young was the Captain, but spent most of the injured. Ebbie Goodfellow served as Captain in his place.
**Orville "Rolly" Roulston also missed most of the season injured.
Note: Pos = Position; GP = Games played; G = Goals; A = Assists; Pts = Points; PIM = Penalty minutes; PPG = Power-play goals; SHG = Short-handed goals; GWG = Game-winning goals
MIN = Minutes played; W = Wins; L = Losses; T = Ties; GA = Goals-against; GAA = Goals-against average; SO = Shutouts;
Awards and records
Transactions
See also
1936–37 NHL season
References
Red Wings on Hockey Database
Bibliography
Detroit Red Wings seasons
Detroit
Detroit
Stanley Cup championship seasons
Detroit Red Wings
Detroit Red Wings |
Jean Brunet (27 December 1822 – 23 October 1894) was a French Provençal poet.
Early life
Brunet was born on 27 December 1822 in Avignon, in Provence, France.
Career
On 21 May 1854, he co-founded the Félibrige movement with Joseph Roumanille, Frédéric Mistral, Théodore Aubanel, Alphonse Tavan, Paul Giéra and Anselme Mathieu.
He published collections of poems and sayings in Provençal. His first poems were published in the French literary journal entitled Musée des familles in 1867.
Personal life
He was married to Cécile Brunet. Stéphane Mallarmé, who was friends with the Brunets, wrote a poem entitled Sainte about her.
Death
He died on 23 October 1894 in Avignon.
References
1822 births
1894 deaths
Writers from Avignon
19th-century French poets
French male poets
20th-century French poets
19th-century French male writers
20th-century French male writers |
Ischalia vancouverensis is a species of broad-hipped flower beetle in the family Scraptiidae. It is found in North America.
References
Further reading
Tenebrionoidea
Articles created by Qbugbot
Beetles described in 1892 |
The Smarty Jones Stakes is a Grade III American Thoroughbred horse race for three years olds, over a distance of one and one-sixteenth miles on the dirt track held annually in early September at Parx Casino and Racing racetrack in Bensalem, Pennsylvania. The event currently carries a purse of $300,000.
History
The race was inaugurated in 2010 with an attractive purse offered of $300,000 as a preparatory race for the Grade I Pennsylvania Derby where the winner was given automatic entry.
The event is named in honor of the 2004 Kentucky Derby and Preakness Stakes winner, and hometown Pennsylvania hero Smarty Jones.
Originally the distance of the event was set as 1 mile and 70 yards but was extended in 2016 to the current distance of miles.
In 2020 due to the COVID-19 pandemic in the United States, Parx Racing did not schedule the event.
Records
Speed record:
miles – 1:42.27 - Pavel (2017)
1 mile and 70 yards – 1:40.89 - Wilburn (2011)
Margins:
7 lengths – Awesome Slew (2016)
Most wins by a jockey
2 – Paco Lopez: (2016, 2019)
2 – Joe Bravo: (2014, 2018)
2 – Florent Geroux: (2021, 2022)
Most wins by a trainer:
2 – Steven M. Asmussen: (2010, 2011)
2 – Brad H. Cox: (2021, 2022)
Most wins by an owner
No owner won this race more than once
Winners
References
Graded stakes races in the United States
Horse races in Pennsylvania
Grade 3 stakes races in the United States
Recurring sporting events established in 2010
Parx Casino and Racing
2010 establishments in Pennsylvania
Flat horse races for three-year-olds |
At the 1997 Mediterranean Games, the athletics events were held at the Stadio San Nicola in Bari, Italy from 15–19 June 1997. A total of forty-three events were contested, of which 23 by male and 20 by female athletes. A total of 24 Games records were broken or equalled during the competition.
The host country, Italy, topped the medal table with twelve gold medals and a total haul of 36 medals – by far the largest. France was the second most successful nation with ten golds and 23 medals, while Greece with seven golds and 19 overall. Morocco, Algeria, Spain and Slovenia also featured prominently on the podiums. Fourteen nations had medal winning athletes in the competition.
Greece won both the 100 metres titles through Angelos Pavlakakis and Ekaterini Thanou, both of whom ran meet record times. Christine Arron won the women's 200 metres and 4×100 metres relay for France. Morocco's Nezha Bidouane took the women's 400 metres hurdles title, an event in which she would later win at the 1997 World Championships.
Medal summary
Men
Women
Medal table
Participation
References
Results
Affiche officielle des JM de Bari 1997. CIJM. Retrieved on 2011-01-22.
Mediterranean Games – Past Medallists. GBR Athletics. Retrieved on 2011-01-22.
Med
Athletics
1997 |
Thomas Kantakouzenos (, Thomás Kantakouzenós, modern pronunciation Thomás Kantakouzinós, /Toma Kantakuzin; died 25 July 1463) was a Byzantine aristocrat, a member of the Kantakouzenos family, who became a Serbian magnate and general that served Despot Đurađ Branković. He was the brother of Irene Kantakouzene, Đurađ's wife.
Origin
The Byzantinist Donald Nicol, who researched the family's history, categorically identifies him as the brother of George Palaiologos Kantakouzenos; Giovanni Musachi makes him the brother of Irene Kantakouzene, wife of Serbian Despot Đurađ Branković, but incorrectly states Thomas was the son of the Emperor John VI Kantakouzenos, an error DuCange repeats. Instead, he is more probably the son of Theodore Kantakouzenos.
Career
He was one of the many Greeks who entered the service of Despot Đurađ Branković following his marriage to Irene Kantakouzene in 1414. Ragusan documents show he was present at the Despot's court in 1433 and 1435. In 1439 he took part in the defense of the Smederevo castle against the Ottoman Turks; historian Doukas records that when the castle fell after a siege of three months, the defenders who subsequently did homage to Sultan Murad II included Branković's son Grgur and Thomas Kantakouzenos. Despite this ceremony, Kantakouzenos carried on the fight on behalf of his brother-in-law, leading the Despot's army to victory over Bosnian king Stephen Thomas on 16 September 1448, which restored Srebrenica and Višegrad to Serbian rule. In 1452 he led another Serbian army that invaded the Principality of Zeta, but was routed on 14 September by vojvoda Stefan Crnojević.
Despite his position, following Đurađ Branković's death Thomas was unable to shield his sister Irene from the cruelty of her son Lazar. On the night of Irene's death, 3 May 1457, he fled from Smederevo to Ottoman-ruled Adrianople with his niece Mara and his blinded nephew Grgur.
Thomas was summoned to appear in court in Ragusa on 11 August 1459 and 18 March 1462, but Nicol doubts he answered the summons. The Serbian Annals record his death on 25 July 1463, immediately after the fall of the Serbian Despotate to the Ottomans.
References
Sources
Kantakouzenos family
1463 deaths
15th-century Byzantine people
Year of birth unknown
People from the Serbian Despotate
Medieval Serbian military leaders
15th-century Serbian nobility |
East Noble School Corporation is the largest of the four school corporations in Noble County, Indiana, covering the eastern third of the county. It includes the areas of Orange, Wayne, Allen and Swan Townships, and serves to educate the children located in the cities and towns of Rome City, Brimfield, Kendallville, Avilla and LaOtto.
History
East Noble School Corporation has its origins from the school consolidations that occurred in Indiana in the 1950s & 1960s, due to an act of the Indiana General Assembly, At that time, the high schools in Rome City, Avilla and Kendallville were made into junior high/middle schools. In 1966, construction of East Noble High School was completed. The first class entered East Noble (also known as EN) the fall of 1966. East Noble's first graduating class was in 1967 .
Realignment & the closing of LaOtto Elementary
From 1965-2009, elementary aged students attended LaOtto Elementary School for grades K-5. In 2009, East Noble School Corporation's School Board of trustees voted to close LaOtto Elementary. This also resulted making Rome City, Avilla and Kendallville Elementary/Middle Schools for K-6 students, and created East Noble Middle School in Kendallville for grades 7 & 8.
References
External links
Noble County Answer Book, Annual Publication of the Kendallville News-Sun
East Noble School Corporation website
School districts in Indiana
Education in Noble County, Indiana |
Scrisul Nostru was a monthly literary magazine published in Bârlad, Romania by the Academia Bârlădeană". The first issue of the magazine was issued in January, 1929 and it appeared, with some irregularity, until October 1931, a total of 21 numbers were printed.
The editor in chief of the newspaper was George Tutoveanu who also wrote the editorials of each issue and the responses to letters from readers. Other important contributors were G. Tutoveanu, George Pallady, D. Fărcăşanu, Syilvia Pan (Natalia Paşa), Zoe G. Frasin, N.N. Lenguceanu, Virgil Duiculescu, Vasile Damaschin (who also had the responsibility of the newspaper's graphics and also coordinated the "Literary discussions"), Ştefan Cosma, George Nedelea, George Damaschin, Olga Alexa, G. G. Ursu, Z. Letin, N. Bogescu, C. Crişan, and I.A. Basarabescu
References
1929 establishments in Romania
1931 disestablishments in Romania
Defunct literary magazines published in Europe
Defunct magazines published in Romania
Magazines established in 1929
Magazines disestablished in 1931
Mass media in Bârlad
Monthly magazines published in Romania
Literary magazines published in Romania
Romanian-language magazines |
Geoffrey Gadbois (born November 4, 1994) is an American bobsledder.
He participated at the IBSF World Championships 2019, winning a medal.
References
External links
1994 births
Living people
American male bobsledders
Sportspeople from Burlington, Vermont |
Harle Airfield, German: Flugplatz Harle , is a small airfield in Wangerland in the district of Friesland in Lower Saxony, Germany, about 700 meters from Harlesiel. However, the airfield has an address of the city of Wittmund, as its only access from Harlesiel is possible, which belongs to the Wittmund district Carolinensiel.
Airlines and destinations
The following airlines offer regular scheduled and charter flights at Harle Airfield:
References
External links
Buildings and structures in Lower Saxony
Airports in Lower Saxony
Wittmund (district) |
Charles of Hesse-Wanfried (born: 19 July 1649 at Rheinfels Castle; died: 3 March 1711 in Schwalbach), was a Landgrave of Hesse-Wanfried. He was the second son of Landgrave Ernest of Hesse-Rheinfels and Maria Eleonore of Solms-Lich.
Life
After an inheritance dispute about the "Rotenburg Quarter", Charles received Hesse-Eschwege in 1667. He moved to Wanfried and founded the Catholic line of Hesse-Wanfried. He used the castle in Wanfried as his residence, because the castle in Eschwege had been pledged to Brunswick-Bevern, also in 1667.
Marriages
Charles's first wife was Countess Sophie Magdalene of Salm-Reifferscheid, a daughter of Count Eric Adolph of Salm-Reifferscheid and his wife Princess Magdalene of Hesse-Cassel. Sophie Magdalene died in 1675 during a trip to Venice. Charles then married Alexandrine Juliane, a daughter of Count Emich XIII of Leiningen and Countess Dorothea of Waldeck. Alexandrine Juliane was the widow of Landgrave George III of Hesse-Itter-Vöhl. She died on 19 April 1703 and was buried in the family vault in the Hülfensberg in Wanfried.
Death and heir
Charles died in 1711 and was succeeded as Landgrave of Hesse-Wanfried by his son William II. After William's death in 1731, he was succeeded by his half-brother Christian, who died childless in 1755, thereby ending the Hessen-Wanfried line.
Issue
From his marriage to Sophie Magdalene:
Charles Ernest Adolph (born: 8 October 1669, died: December 1669)
Anna Maria Eleonora (born: 13 October 1670; died: January 1671)
William II "the Younger" (born: 25 August 1671 in Langenschwalbach; died: 1 April 1731 in Paris, and buried there), Landgrave of Hesse-Wanfried-Rheinfels
Frederick (born: 17 May 1673; died: 25 October 1692), a canon at Cologne, died during a visit to the Bishop of Győr in Hungary
Philip (born: June 1674; died: 28 August 1694)
From his marriage to Alexandrine Juliane:
Charlotte Amalie (born: March 8, 1679 at Wanfried, died: 8 February 1722 in Paris), married on 26 September 1694 in Cologne with Francis II Rákóczi (born: 27 March 1676; died: April 8, 1735), Prince of Transylvania
Ernest (born: 20 April 1680 in Wanfried, died: June 24, 1680 ibid), buried in the Hülfensberg
Sophia Leopoldine (born: 17 July 1681, died: 18 April 1724 in Wetzlar). Her daughter Maria Franziska of Hohenlohe-Bartenstein married Sophia's brother Christian.
Charles Alexander (born: 6 November 1683 in Wanfried, died: February 1684 in Boppard)
Maria Anna Johanna (born: 8 January 1685 in Wanfried, died: 11 June 1764 in Erfurt)
Maria Therese Josepha Elisabeth (born: 5 April 1687, died: 9 September 1689)
Christine Franziska Polyxene (born: 23 May 1688, died: 17 July 1728), married on 28 February 1712 with Dominic Marquard, Prince of Löwenstein-Wertheim-Rochefort
Christian (born: 17 July 1689 in Wanfried, died: 21 October 1755 in Eschwege), the last Landgrave of Hesse-Wanfried-Eschwege and Hesse-Rheinfels
Juliana Elizabeth Anna Louise (born: 20 October 1690 in Wanfried; died: 13 July 1724), married on 6 January 1718 in Wanfried with Count Christian Otto of Limburg-Styrum (born: 25 March 1694; died: 24 February 1749)
Maria (born: 31 August 1693)
Eleanor Bernhardine (born: 21 February 1695; died: 14 August 1768 in Frankfurt), married in June 1717 with Count Herman Frederick of Bentheim-Bentheim
References
Chronik der Stadt Wanfried, Reinhold Strauß, 1908
Eckhart G. Franz, Das Haus Hessen, Stuttgart, 2005,
Landgraves of Hesse
House of Hesse
1649 births
1711 deaths
17th-century German people |
WFMF (102.5 FM), branded as "102.5 WFMF", is a commercial radio station owned by iHeartMedia and licensed to Baton Rouge, Louisiana. It serves the Baton Rouge metropolitan area with a contemporary hit format. The studios are located in Baton Rouge, and the transmitter site is in nearby Plaquemine.
Dating to the early 1940s, WFMF is one of the oldest FM stations in the United States. It is the Baton Rouge affiliate for: The Kidd Kraddick Morning Show; On Air with Ryan Seacrest; and American Top 40. Besides a standard analog transmission, WFMF is available online via iHeartRadio.
History
On October 31, 1940, the Federal Communications Commission (FCC) awarded the first fifteen construction permits for commercial FM stations, including one to the Baton Rouge Broadcasting Company. Inc. on 44.5 MHz, which was issued the call sign W45BR. Baton Rouge Broadcasting was owned by the Manship family, which also owned AM station WJBO and a local newspaper, The Morning Advocate.
The new station grants originally allowed for commercial operation to begin on January 1, 1941. However, W45BR's link to the owner of a newspaper caused a delay, after the FCC began an investigation as to whether newspaper cross-ownership of radio stations should be restricted. On May 6, 1941, W45BR was one of three newspaper-affiliated stations given provisional permission, pending the outcome of the newspaper ownership review, to begin operations. After a short period of test transmissions, the station made its debut broadcast as "the first frequency modulation radio station in the deep south" on June 15, 1941. Programming was initially advertised as being "a different program from WJBO (with a few exceptions)", with a daily schedule of 7:00-9:00 a.m., 11:30 a.m.-1:30 p.m., and 6:00-9:00 p.m.
Effective November 1, 1943, the FCC modified its policy for FM call letters, and the call sign was changed to WBRL. In 1946, as part of reassignment of all stations to a new FM band allocation, WBRL was moved to 96.1 MHz, and two years later it moved again to 98.1 MHz. In 1959, WBRL's call letters changed to WJBO-FM, still simulcasting WJBO. In the mid-1960s, the station started broadcasting in FM stereo, and started offering classical music and some musical programs independent of WJBO. In 1965, WJBO-FM moved to 102.5 MHz, allowing WAFB-FM (now WDGL-FM), a companion station to Channel 9 WAFB-TV, to move from 104.3 MHz to the vacated 98.1 MHz assignment.
In the late 60s and into the mid-70s, WJBO-FM was a freeform progressive rock station that went by the name "Loose Radio." In 1974, WJBO-FM switched its call sign to WFMF and shifted to a personality driven full-service Top 40 format under Program Director Randy Rice and became one of the most successful FM-Top 40/CHR stations in the United States (Arbitron Ratings market share). WFMF remained a top 40 station throughout the 1980s and early 1990s. It used the monikers "102 WFMF," "Hot 102," and "Mix 102.5" for a short time in 1994 before reverting to "102.5 WFMF." Throughout its history as a Top 40, the station had shifted its musical directions, to Rhythmic, Adult-leaning and Alternative, but in each case returned to a mainstream playlist.
In 1989, the Manship family sold WFMF and WJBO to station manager George Jenne, who moved the stations' studios to Government Street. In 1996, WJBO and WFMF were sold by George Jenne/Capital City Communications to Capstar Broadcasting (under the name Gulfstar). Capstar immediately shifted WFMF from Top 40 to Modern AC as "Loose 102" under the new call letters WLSS. The change turned out to be a ratings disaster and after lasting only half a year as a Modern AC, WLSS went back to Top 40 in February 1997, using the name "Loose 102-5" at first. Then it simply called itself "102.5" in early 1999. On October 7, 1999, WFMF returned as the call sign and the name "102.5 WFMF" was resurrected a short time later.
Since being bought by Capstar, WFMF has been through several owners as a result of buyouts. Capstar was purchased by Chancellor Media in 1998 (and renamed AMFM Communications), which in turn was purchased by Clear Channel Communications in 2000. In 2014, Clear Channel switched its name to iHeartMedia.
References
External links
FCC History Cards for WFMF (covering 1940-1981 as W45BR / WBRL / WJBO-FM / WFMF)
Radio stations in Louisiana
Contemporary hit radio stations in the United States
Radio stations established in 1941
IHeartMedia radio stations |
The Southern Conference League is the fourth tier of the British rugby league system. It is the highest level of amateur rugby league outside of the heartlands in Northern England, thus operates in The Midlands, South England, and Wales. It was one of the many leagues that replaced the Rugby League Conference. The competition was first played between 2012 and 2016, and was relaunched in 2019 after a two-year hiatus.
History
The Conference League South was founded in 2012 following the restructuring of amateur rugby league in Great Britain. Teams competing in the Rugby League Conference National Division in 2011 were moved to the 2012 NCL Division Three season, however many opted to play outside of the National Conference League hence the formation of the Conference League South. Because of this, the 2012 NCL Division Three season and 2012 Conference League South season are the same.
The Conference League South was created for sides outside the rugby league heartlands of the North of England that wanted a higher standard of rugby league than the Midlands Rugby League Premier Division or the South Premier but were not yet ready to join the NCL.
In 2013 the six teams to compete in the Conference League South were, Bristol Sonics, Nottingham Outlaws and St Albans Centurions joined from National Conference League Division 3; Leicester Storm and Northampton Demons were elevated from the premier division of Midlands Rugby League and Sheffield Hallam Eagles joined as a new side after the collapse of the Championship reserve under-23 division.
Northampton Demons and St Albans Centurions were replaced with Oxford Cavaliers and Valley Cougars in 2014 however Oxford Cavaliers failed to complete the season. Bristol Sonics dropped down to the West of England Rugby League in 2015 which allowed four new clubs to join; Gloucestershire Warriors, Coventry Bears Reserves, Torfaen Tigers and Raiders RL alongside the return of Oxford Cavaliers.
London Chargers were promoted to compete in 2016 alongside a new reserve side from University of Gloucestershire All Golds with Gloucestershire Warriors, Leicester Storm, Oxford Cavaliers and Sheffield Hallam Eagles dropping out.
At the end of the 2016 season, it was announced that the Conference League South season would not take place in 2017, and teams would return to their respective regional leagues. In May 2017, the RFL announced plans to introduce a new Southern League competition from 2018 onwards.
The Conference League South was reintroduced for the 2019 season as the Southern Conference League, split into geographic Eastern and Western divisions, with the Hammersmith Hills Hoists winning the first title under the tournament's new name. The 2020 season was abandoned due to the COVID-19 pandemic, but the competition resumed in 2021, with a maiden title for Wests Warriors beating local rivals London Chargers 20 points to 10.
For the 2023 season, the geographic split of the league has been removed with all teams in the divisions below being able to apply to enter the competition if they so wish. When the fixture list was released, only 8 teams have entered the division - All Golds, Bedford Tigers, Brentwood Eels, Eastern Rhinos, Hammersmith Hills Hoists, London Chargers, North Herts Crusaders, Wests Warriors.
Clubs
Results
Winners
Tables
2021
Playoffs
Preliminary Round
London Chargers 56–18 North Herts Crusaders
Devon Sharks 22–36 Hammersmith Hills Hoists
Swindon St George 24–22 Bedford Tigers
Semi Finals
Wests Warriors 36–10 Hammersmith Hills Hoists
Swindon St George 14–52 London Chargers
Final
Wests Warriors 20–10 London Chargers
2022
Playoffs
Preliminary Rounds
Torfaen Tigers 0–24 Brentwood Eels
All Golds 46–6 Eastern Rhinos
Semi Finals
All Golds 12–46 Wests Warriors
Brentwood Eels 8–38 London Chargers
Final
Wests Warriors 20–12 London Chargers
2023
Playoffs
Semi Finals
Wests Warriors 38–6 Brentwood Eels
Hammersmith Hills Hoists 28–12 London Chargers
Final
Wests Warriors 0–14 Hammersmith Hills Hoists
See also
National Conference League
Conference Challenge Trophy
References
External links
Rugby Football League
BARLA competitions
Rugby league in the United Kingdom
Rugby league competitions in the United Kingdom |
Brittan Elementary School District is a school district in Sutter County, California, United States. It operates a single elementary school, Brittan Elementary School.
References
External links
School districts in Sutter County, California |
Acrocercops eupetala is a moth of the family Gracillariidae. It is known from New South Wales and Queensland, Australia.
The larvae feed on Acacia decurrens. They probably mine the leaves of their host plant.
References
eupetala
Moths of Australia
Moths described in 1880 |
John Parry may refer to:
Musicians
John Parry (Bardd Alaw) (1776–1851), Welsh harpist and composer, and father of John Orlando Parry
John Parry (harpist) (c1710–1782), celebrated blind harpist from Wales
John Parry (Mormon) (1789–1868), early Welsh convert to Mormonism and first conductor of the Mormon Tabernacle Choir
John Orlando Parry (1810–1879), Welsh singer-pianist and comedian, and son of John Parry (Bardd Alaw)
John Parry, member of Bonzo Dog Doo-Dah Band
Politicians
John Parry (1518-1584), MP for Carmarthen Boroughs (UK Parliament constituency)
John Parry (1724–1797), Welsh Member of Parliament for Caernarvonshire 1780–90
John Edmund Parry (born 1946), member of the Canadian House of Commons, 1984–1988
Sports
John Parry (American football official) (born 1965), National Football League game official from 2000 to 2018
John Parry (golfer) (born 1986), English professional golfer
Others
John Parry (bishop) (died 1677), Bishop of Ossory 1672–1677
John Parry (editor) (1812–1817) Welsh editor of the Encyclopaedia Cambrensis
John Franklin Parry Hydrographer of the Navy 1914-1919
John Humffreys Parry (1816–1880), English barrister and serjeant-at-law, son of the antiquary
John Humffreys Parry (antiquary) (1786–1825), Welsh barrister and antiquarian
J. H. Parry (1914–1982), maritime historian
John P.M. Parry MBE (1937?-2023), British entrepreneur and engineer
See also
Jack Parry (1924–2010), Welsh footballer
Jack Parry (English footballer) (born 1931), English footballer with Derby County
Other people surnamed Parry |