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{ "label": [ "A", "B", "C", "D" ], "text": [ "It helps return nutrients to the soil.", "It makes animal waste harder to degrade.", "It causes an unhealthy accumulation of animal waste.", "It depletes nutrients from the soil to benefit its young." ] }

{ "label": [ "A", "B", "C", "D" ], "text": [ "His body had more kinetic energy than the water.", "Heat flowed from a cooler substance to a warmer substance.", "The water from the faucet had a higher temperature than his skin.", "The thermal energy in the room was higher than the thermal energy outside." ] }

{ "label": [ "A", "B", "C", "D" ], "text": [ "Organs are made from one type of tissue.", "Tissues are made from one type of organ.", "Tissues are made from different types of organs.", "Organs are made from different types of tissues." ] }

{ "label": [ "A", "B", "C", "D" ], "text": [ "soil erosion", "destruction of their habitats", "improved nutrients in the soil", "more grasses as a result of burning" ] }

{ "label": [ "A", "B", "C", "D" ], "text": [ "Earthworm tunnels bring heat into the soil that warms plant roots.", "Earthworm tunnels loosen the soil so plant roots can easily grow", "Earthworm tunnels allow sunlight to reach the plant roots in the soil.", "Earthworm tunnels create places where insects can hide and protect plant roots." ] }

{ "label": [ "A", "B", "C", "D" ], "text": [ "Meter stick and graduated cylinder", "Stopwatch and meter stick", "Balance and metric ruler", "Balance and stopwatch" ] }

{ "label": [ "A", "B", "C", "D" ], "text": [ "compass", "barometer", "anemometer", "weather vane" ] }

{ "label": [ "A", "B", "C", "D" ], "text": [ "to locate a direction to travel", "to measure the quality of drinking water", "to protect themselves from wild animals", "to determine levels of humanity in tropical areas" ] }

{ "label": [ "A", "B", "C", "D" ], "text": [ "thermometer", "metric ruler", "graduated cylinder", "triple beam balance" ] }

{ "label": [ "A", "B", "C", "D" ], "text": [ "mechanical", "magnetic", "sound", "heat" ] }

{ "label": [ "A", "B", "C", "D" ], "text": [ "thick fur", "dark spots", "moist skin", "webbed feet" ] }

{ "label": [ "A", "B", "C", "D" ], "text": [ "It feels like a rock.", "It smells like a lemon.", "It is colorless.", "It is hard." ] }

{ "label": [ "A", "B", "C", "D" ], "text": [ "landslides and flooding", "flooding and earthquakes", "landslides and volcanoes", "volcanoes and earthquakes" ] }

{ "label": [ "A", "B", "C", "D" ], "text": [ "nails rusting", "glass melting", "sugar dissolving", "alcohol vaporizing" ] }

{ "label": [ "A", "B", "C", "D" ], "text": [ "centimeters", "grams", "liters", "degrees Celsius" ] }

{ "label": [ "A", "B", "C", "D" ], "text": [ "the frequency and irregular timing of organism speciations", "the metamorphosis of most sedimentary rock by heat and pressure", "the geologically rapid cycling of crust material back into the mantle", "the rarity with which organic remains are exposed to fossil-forming conditions" ] }

{ "label": [ "A", "B", "C", "D" ], "text": [ "have a testable hypothesis.", "place the data in a graph.", "use the best technology.", "test multiple variables." ] }

{ "label": [ "A", "B", "C", "D" ], "text": [ "absorb nutrients from food.", "make energy from light.", "maintain a constant temperature.", "perform aerobic respiration in cells." ] }

{ "label": [ "A", "B", "C", "D" ], "text": [ "abundant rain in the Ozarks", "excessive pumping from wells", "dams on the lower Mississippi", "community water conservation" ] }

{ "label": [ "1", "2", "3", "4" ], "text": [ "transport nutrients", "perform photosynthesis", "regulate nerves", "produce flowers" ] }

{ "label": [ "A", "B", "C", "D" ], "text": [ "a meter stick", "a compass", "a protractor", "a spring scale" ] }

{ "label": [ "1", "2", "3", "4" ], "text": [ "produce carbon dioxide", "remove oxygen from the air", "are producers", "are consumers" ] }

{ "label": [ "A", "B", "C", "D" ], "text": [ "larger size, higher temperature", "smaller size, higher temperature", "larger size, average temperature", "average size, average temperature" ] }

{ "label": [ "A", "B", "C", "D" ], "text": [ "contributions to atmospheric oxygen from sources other than trees", "the ways in which industrialized nations use trees", "the root area of trees", "the bark mass of trees" ] }

{ "label": [ "A", "B", "C", "D" ], "text": [ "a list of authoritative sources that supports her conclusion", "instructions for viewers to repeat her procedures", "clearly illustrated diagrams of the scientific principles involved", "a complete write-up of her experimental method and data collected" ] }

{ "label": [ "A", "B", "C", "D" ], "text": [ "the process of meiosis in a fruit fly", "fertilization of a chicken egg", "binary fission in an amoeba", "the process of embryo development in a mouse" ] }

{ "label": [ "A", "B", "C", "D" ], "text": [ "Charles Darwin", "Gregor Mendel", "Carolus Linnaeus", "Robert Hooke" ] }

{ "label": [ "A", "B", "C", "D" ], "text": [ "stormy", "sunny", "snowy", "hot" ] }

{ "label": [ "A", "B", "C", "D" ], "text": [ "their genes", "their behavior", "their environment", "their personalities" ] }

{ "label": [ "A", "B", "C", "D" ], "text": [ "mechanical energy to nuclear energy", "thermal energy to chemical energy", "kinetic energy to potential energy", "radiant energy to electrical energy" ] }

{ "label": [ "A", "B", "C", "D" ], "text": [ "Both parents are homozygous for the trait.", "Both parents are heterozygous for the trait.", "The male is heterozygous and the female is homozygous recessive for the trait.", "The male is homozygous dominant and the female is heterozygous for the trait." ] }

{ "label": [ "A", "B", "C", "D" ], "text": [ "The population will adapt to ground dwelling.", "The population will decrease due to lack of resources.", "The population will stabilize when it moves to another region.", "The population will increase as predators move out of the region." ] }

{ "label": [ "A", "B", "C", "D" ], "text": [ "To make food", "To store water", "To provide support", "To make the plant green" ] }

{ "label": [ "A", "B", "C", "D" ], "text": [ "All elements in period 2 are metals.", "All elements in group 18 are metals.", "Metals are found on the left side of the periodic table.", "Metals are found on the right side of the periodic table." ] }

{ "label": [ "A", "B", "C", "D" ], "text": [ "climate.", "food web.", "ecosystem.", "population." ] }

{ "label": [ "A", "B", "C", "D" ], "text": [ "origin of the rocks.", "use of the rocks.", "size of the rocks.", "hardness of the rocks." ] }

{ "label": [ "A", "B", "C", "D" ], "text": [ "Both have grass at the top.", "Both are at least 1000 meters tall.", "Both have liquid rock at their centers.", "Both are taller than the land around them." ] }

{ "label": [ "A", "B", "C", "D" ], "text": [ "digestion.", "excretion.", "secretion.", "circulation." ] }

{ "label": [ "A", "B", "C", "D" ], "text": [ "oil", "rocks", "soil", "sugar" ] }

{ "label": [ "A", "B", "C", "D" ], "text": [ "have turned into solid rock.", "take a long period of time to form.", "are expensive to remove from rock.", "are located deep within the Earth's crust." ] }

{ "label": [ "A", "B", "C", "D" ], "text": [ "thermometer", "hand lens", "graduated cylinder", "balance" ] }

{ "label": [ "A", "B", "C", "D" ], "text": [ "Seals can swim.", "Seals are predators.", "Seals have fur and blubber.", "Seals are warm-blooded animals." ] }

{ "label": [ "A", "B", "C", "D" ], "text": [ "Both are a source of energy.", "Both are replicated during meiosis.", "Both lower the activation energy of reactions.", "Both dissolve nutrients in the digestive system." ] }

{ "label": [ "A", "B", "C", "D" ], "text": [ "20 km/h in the direction of bus A", "20 km/h in the direction of bus B", "30 km/h in the direction of bus A", "30 km/h in the direction of bus B" ] }

{ "label": [ "A", "B", "C", "D" ], "text": [ "electricity", "friction", "gravity", "magnetism" ] }

{ "label": [ "A", "B", "C", "D" ], "text": [ "Hydrogen can bond to itself.", "Hydrogen makes positive ions.", "Hydrogen is a gas at room temperature.", "Hydrogen is combustible." ] }

{ "label": [ "A", "B", "C", "D" ], "text": [ "an instinct", "an inherited trait", "a learned behavior", "a conscious behavior" ] }

{ "label": [ "A", "B", "C", "D" ], "text": [ "car", "boat", "airplane", "skateboard" ] }

{ "label": [ "A", "B", "C", "D" ], "text": [ "habitat change", "vehicle pollution", "pipeline leaks", "soil compaction and loss" ] }

{ "label": [ "A", "B", "C", "D" ], "text": [ "mixing of pollutants with rain", "erosion of topsoil by clearcutting", "runoff of fertilizer used in farming", "thinning of the atmospheric ozone layer" ] }

{ "label": [ "A", "B", "C", "D" ], "text": [ "coal", "oil", "natural gas", "geothermal" ] }

{ "label": [ "A", "B", "C", "D" ], "text": [ "core.", "sediment.", "lithosphere.", "hemisphere." ] }

{ "label": [ "A", "B", "C", "D" ], "text": [ "star", "moon", "asteroid", "planet" ] }

{ "label": [ "A", "B", "C", "D" ], "text": [ "inertia", "gravity", "initial speed", "initial direction" ] }

{ "label": [ "A", "B", "C", "D" ], "text": [ "the Sun", "oceans", "the Moon", "mountains" ] }

{ "label": [ "1", "2", "3", "4" ], "text": [ "the revolution of the Moon around Earth", "the tilt of Earth on its axis", "the rising and falling of ocean tides", "the distance of Earth from the Sun" ] }

{ "label": [ "A", "B", "C", "D" ], "text": [ "nucleus-controls cell activities", "chloroplast-outside boundary of plant cells", "cell wall-controls what goes in and out of cells", "cell membrane-where photosynthesis takes place" ] }

{ "label": [ "A", "B", "C", "D" ], "text": [ "to test research methods used by other scientists", "to develop questions about space research", "to discuss the meaning of new discoveries", "to explain gas properties to the general public" ] }

{ "label": [ "A", "B", "C", "D" ], "text": [ "nuclear", "thermal", "chemical", "mechanical" ] }

{ "label": [ "A", "B", "C", "D" ], "text": [ "vibrated.", "stretched.", "cut into pieces.", "shot across a room." ] }

{ "label": [ "A", "B", "C", "D" ], "text": [ "earthquake", "snowfall", "tsunami", "rainfall" ] }

{ "label": [ "1", "2", "3", "4" ], "text": [ "reflected sunlight", "absorbed light from Earth's atmosphere", "gases in the Moon's interior", "volcanic eruptions on the Moon's surface" ] }

{ "label": [ "A", "B", "C", "D" ], "text": [ "a heart attack", "a broken bone", "influenza", "cancer" ] }

{ "label": [ "A", "B", "C", "D" ], "text": [ "Both are made of cells.", "Both take in carbon dioxide.", "Both get nutrients directly from soil.", "Both get energy from other organisms." ] }

{ "label": [ "A", "B", "C", "D" ], "text": [ "hydrochloric acid and sodium carbonate", "sodium chloride, carbon dioxide, and water", "hydrogen chloride and sodium bicarbonate", "sodium chloride, carbon monoxide, and dihydrogen oxide" ] }

{ "label": [ "A", "B", "C", "D" ], "text": [ "gravity", "friction", "erosion", "magnetism" ] }

{ "label": [ "A", "B", "C", "D" ], "text": [ "converting deforested areas into malls.", "planting trees to replace what they cut down.", "adding pesticides to the soil around the trees.", "removing the tree stumps when trees are cut down." ] }

{ "label": [ "A", "B", "C", "D" ], "text": [ "seafloor spreading", "strike-slip faulting", "colliding plates", "hot spots" ] }

{ "label": [ "A", "B", "C", "D" ], "text": [ "decrease in sunlight", "change in precipitation", "increase in food source", "change in wind direction" ] }

{ "label": [ "A", "B", "C", "D" ], "text": [ "energy used to evaporate water", "changes in greenhouse gases", "light energy trapped as heat energy", "energy that builds up in the greenhouse air" ] }

{ "label": [ "A", "B", "C", "D" ], "text": [ "how much each bulb weighs", "how long each bulb lasts", "how much heat each bulb releases", "how much metal each bulb contains" ] }

{ "label": [ "A", "B", "C", "D" ], "text": [ "medicine", "agriculture", "science of force and motion", "science of heredity and variation" ] }

{ "label": [ "A", "B", "C", "D" ], "text": [ "Its shape appears to become longer.", "Its position appears to shift relative to the horizon.", "Its brightest stars begin to appear orange.", "Its distance to the North Star decreases." ] }

{ "label": [ "A", "B", "C", "D" ], "text": [ "transforming the rock into igneous rock.", "chemically changing the rock.", "gradually breaking down the rock into smaller pieces.", "leaving behind sedimentary particles from evaporated solutions." ] }

{ "label": [ "A", "B", "C", "D" ], "text": [ "The water gained energy.", "The water absorbed light.", "Mass was released from the water.", "Heat was taken away from the water." ] }

{ "label": [ "A", "B", "C", "D" ], "text": [ "the seasons to change.", "the Moon to appear as different shapes.", "day and night.", "solar eclipses." ] }

{ "label": [ "A", "B", "C", "D" ], "text": [ "polar", "subtropical", "temperate", "tropical" ] }

{ "label": [ "A", "B", "C", "D" ], "text": [ "mechanical", "magnetic", "sound", "electrical" ] }

{ "label": [ "A", "B", "C", "D" ], "text": [ "letting faucets drip", "watering the grass every day", "turning off the faucet when brushing teeth", "running the dishwasher when it is not full" ] }

{ "label": [ "A", "B", "C", "D" ], "text": [ "Earth to rotate once on its axis", "the Moon to revolve once around Earth", "the Sun to revolve once around Earth", "Earth to revolve once around the Sun" ] }

{ "label": [ "A", "B", "C", "D" ], "text": [ "valleys", "ravines", "caverns", "mountains" ] }

{ "label": [ "A", "B", "C", "D" ], "text": [ "phosphate", "sugar", "guanine", "hydrogen bond" ] }

{ "label": [ "A", "B", "C", "D" ], "text": [ "waterfall", "rainbow", "lightning storm", "volcano erupting" ] }

{ "label": [ "1", "2", "3", "4" ], "text": [ "depletion", "digestion", "regulation", "excretion" ] }

{ "label": [ "A", "B", "C", "D" ], "text": [ "the axis of Earth is tilted.", "the gravitational pull of the Sun affects Earth's revolution.", "the revolution of Earth is not exactly 365 days.", "the Moon crosses the orbit of the Sun every 28 days." ] }

{ "label": [ "A", "B", "C", "D" ], "text": [ "triple beam balance", "graduated cylinder", "metric ruler", "thermometer" ] }

{ "label": [ "A", "B", "C", "D" ], "text": [ "to improve dish soap", "to cure a disease", "to make clothes", "to grow plants" ] }

{ "label": [ "A", "B", "C", "D" ], "text": [ "Sun", "wind", "clouds", "waves" ] }

{ "label": [ "A", "B", "C", "D" ], "text": [ "Heat caused the water to become a gas.", "Heat melted the water and it disappeared.", "Salt caused the water to become a gas.", "Salt melted the water and it disappeared." ] }

{ "label": [ "A", "B", "C", "D" ], "text": [ "coal", "wind", "water", "thermal" ] }

{ "label": [ "A", "B", "C", "D" ], "text": [ "meiosis", "mitosis", "fertilization", "differentiation" ] }

{ "label": [ "A", "B", "C", "D" ], "text": [ "sunlight", "water", "soil", "air" ] }

{ "label": [ "A", "B", "C", "D" ], "text": [ "sunrise", "noon", "mid-afternoon", "sunset" ] }

{ "label": [ "A", "B", "C", "D" ], "text": [ "soil", "food", "water", "air" ] }

{ "label": [ "A", "B", "C", "D" ], "text": [ "fertilization.", "germination.", "maturation.", "pollination." ] }

{ "label": [ "A", "B", "C", "D" ], "text": [ "very small.", "rounded and smooth.", "partially faded.", "rough and dense." ] }

{ "label": [ "A", "B", "C", "D" ], "text": [ "conduction from solar heating", "heat convection from the mantle", "global winds", "ocean currents" ] }

{ "label": [ "A", "B", "C", "D" ], "text": [ "ferns", "grasses", "lichens", "mushrooms" ] }

{ "label": [ "A", "B", "C", "D" ], "text": [ "barren deserts", "active volcanoes", "mountains covered in trees", "swamps with dense vegetation" ] }

{ "label": [ "A", "B", "C", "D" ], "text": [ "atoms", "protons", "neutrons", "electrons" ] }