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[ [ "Operation Volcano of Rage" ], [ "Introduction", "'''Operation Volcano of Anger''' (Arabic: عملية بركان الغضب), alternatively known as '''Operation Volcano of Rage,''' was a military resistance campaign launched by the Government of National Accord in Libya to counter the advances of the Libyan National Army led by General Khalifa Haftar.", "The conflict, which began in April 2019, has witnessed intense fighting around the capital city, Tripoli, and other strategic locations in the country.", "The operation is part of the broader armed conflict in Libya, marked by shifting alliances, foreign involvement, and a struggle for control over the nation's political future." ], [ "Background", "The operation was officially announced on April 7, 2019, by Colonel Mohamed Gnounou, the GNA military spokesman.", "It was initiated as a counteroffensive to reclaim territories in Tripoli that had been seized by the LNA.", "The GNA mobilized various militias, including those from Misrata, to prevent the LNA from capturing Tripoli and other key locations." ], [ "Key Events", "On June 26, the GNA announced a significant victory as Operation Volcano of Rage captured the town of Gharyan from the LNA.", "Fierce fighting ensued, resulting in the deaths of dozens of LNA soldiers, with at least 18 reported as captured by the GNA.", "The GNA's air force also targeted LNA convoys withdrawing from the area.On October 1, Haftar's forces, supported by the UAE, launched artillery shells on Mitiga Airport in Tripoli, as reported by sources from Burkan Al-Ghadab Operation.", "This marked an escalation of the conflict, with both sides resorting to airstrikes and artillery attacks.", "Airstrikes on Misrata Airport by foreign warplanes, backed by the LNA, were reported on October 5.Additionally, attacks on the Equestrian School in Janzour, west of Tripoli, caused casualties among civilians, including children, and led to the destruction of military vehicles.December 14, heavy clashes occurred in Al-Tughar district in southern Tripoli, where Volcano of Anger Operation forces faced a significant offensive from Haftar's forces.", "Despite the intensity of the fighting, the GNA's forces, under the command of the Libyan Presidential Council, successfully repelled the attack and seized control of the district.Notably, on May 4, 2020, GNA forces advanced against Haftar's militias around the Hamza military camp, destroying armed and armored vehicles.", "Airstrikes targeted an ammunition depot inside the Haftar airbase, resulting in casualties.", "The operation aimed to cut off Haftar's supply lines, and additional strikes hit oil tankers in the Al Qaryat region.The next day, a new offensive was launched to capture Al-Watiya airbase, culminating in its capture on May 18, 2020.Following this success, the GNA forces expanded their control, capturing the towns of Badr and Tiji by May 19, 2020.May 25, the mayor of Bani Walid, said that Russian Wagner Group mercenaries allied to the LNA retreated from Western Libya to an unconfirmed destination along with their heavy equipment.", "After Antonov An-32 cargo planes landed at Bani Walid airport.On June 4, 2020, GNA forces launched an attack on Tripoli Airport, which they captured successfully.", "The operation declared 100% control over all administrative borders of Tripoli, expelling the last remnants of Haftar's forces.", "This marked the end of the LNA's 14-month siege of the GNA capitalOn June 5, 2020, the GNA had officially declared they had full control over Tarhuna, having expelled the LNA-aligned militias in the region." ], [ "Conclusion", "The operation was successful in recapturing Tripoli, as well as many other cities and towns around it." ], [ "Reactions", "The operation received very positive feedback by the Libyan population, with many eager to join the resistance.", "Celebrations erupted in the Martyrs' Square when the operation culminated in a success." ] ]

[ [ "Addict (Hazbin Hotel song)" ], [ "Introduction", "\"'''Addict'''\" is a song based on the American adult animated musical comedy television series ''Hazbin Hotel,'' which is sung by Angel Dust (voiced by Michael Kovach) and Cherri Bomb (voiced by Kelly \"Chi-Chi\" Boyer).", "Written by Silva Hound and Chi-Chi, the song was first published to YouTube and Spotify on February 14, 2020, with SpindleHorse Toons subsequently publishing a narrative music video for the song on July 17, 2020, having since accumulated 166 million views.", "The song ranked as the #3 dance song on iTunes on July 21, 2020.The song also reached #14 on the US Dance/Electronic Songs chart, #4 on the Dance/Electronic Digital Songs chart, and #77 on the Dance/Electronic Songs Year-End." ], [ "Music video", "An animated music video for \"Addict\" was published to Vivienne Medrano's YouTube channel on July 17, 2020, animated by SpindleHorse Toons, storyboarded by Arielle Somerville, Nick Swift, and Amanda Heard.", "The narrative of the video centers around Hell-famous porn star Angel Dust's relationship with his best friend, Cherri Bomb, their regrets on their life before and within Hell, while also delving into Angel's experiences with addiction and his abusive boss, Valentino; a post-credits scene features a cameo from ''Hazbin Hotel'' protagonist Charlie.", "The song was performed by Michael Kovach and Kelly \"Chi-Chi\" Boyer, and covered by Nathan Sharp, Caleb Hyles, Johnathan Young, Jacob Takanashi and Dave Capdevielle.", "The song would also see reuse on August 4, 2020 in the closing credits for the music video for \"Alastor's Game\" by The Living Tombstone.", "Tito W. James of ''Comicon.com'' described the video as giving viewers a \"deeper look\" at the lives of Cherri Bomb and Angel Dust, and praised the \"world of ''Hazbin''\" for being \"paradoxically provocative and empathetic\"." ], [ "References" ] ]

[ [ "Pavlo Zaporizhskyi" ], [ "Introduction", "'''Pavlo Zaporizhskyi''' (, 1892, Yelysavethrad, now Kropyvnytskyi – 1971, Lviv) was a Ukrainian Icon painter, soldier, lieutenant of the UPR Army (1919–1920)." ], [ "Biography", "He graduated from the Grekov Odesa Art School.In November 1920, together with the 1st Zaporizhzhia Division of the UPR Army, he was interned in Poland, where he was held in a camp in the village of Pikulice (near Przemyśl).From 1945 he lived in Lviv." ], [ "Creative works", "From 1923, he was a co-owner and chief artist of the \"Vidrodzhennia\" Union in Przemyśl.", "Founder of the artistic, painting and icon painting workshop (1927).From 1923 to 1944, he painted icons for the churches of Lviv Oblast, Boikivshchyna, and Lemkivshchyna, in particular for the churches of Turivka village, Ternopil Raion (1928) and Dobra village (1929, now Poland; four icons for the side thrones).He painted the Church of Peter and Paul in Lviv (early 1930s), performed iconography of the Greek Catholic Cathedral in Jarosław (1935–1937; Poland).", "In the village of Velykyi Kliuchiv, Kolomyia Raion, in 1933–1934, he restored icons, painted the domes, and created twelve images of the Way of the Cross in the Saint Paraskeva church.The decoration of the Church of the Nativity of the Virgin Mary (1932, Oparówka village, now Poland); the altar icon in the Church of the Nativity of the Virgin Mary in Przemyśl (1943); paintings of the church in the village of Szczawne, Subcarpathian Voivodeship; the icon of John the Baptist (taken to Poland in 1945) have been preserved." ], [ "References" ] ]

[ [ "Yiqi, Anhui" ], [ "Introduction", "'''Yiqi''' () is a town under the administration of Tunxi District, Huangshan City, Anhui, China.", ", it administers Longjing Residential Community () and the following nine villages:* Yiqi Village* Xu Village ()* Lintang Village ()* Chatang Village ()* Bo Village ()* Jiang Village ()* Zhanchuan Village ()* Yaogan Village ()* Zhu Village ()" ], [ "References" ] ]

[ [ "2024 RAPTOR King of Tough 250" ], [ "Introduction", "The '''2024 RAPTOR King of Tough 250''' will be the 2nd stock car race of the 2024 NASCAR Xfinity Series, and the 33rd iteration of the event.", "The race is scheduled to be held on Saturday, February 24, 2024, at Atlanta Motor Speedway in Hampton, Georgia, a permanent asphalt quad-oval shaped intermediate speedway (with superspeedway rules).", "The race is scheduled to be contested over 163 laps." ], [ "Report", "=== Background ===Atlanta Motor Speedway, the circuit where the race will be held.", "'''Atlanta Motor Speedway''' (formerly '''Atlanta International Raceway''') is a 1.54-mile race track in Hampton, Georgia, United States, 20 miles (32 km) south of Atlanta.", "It has annually hosted NASCAR Xfinity Series stock car races since 1992.The venue was bought by Speedway Motorsports in 1990.In 1994, 46 condominiums were built over the northeastern side of the track.", "In 1997, to standardize the track with Speedway Motorsports' other two intermediate ovals, the entire track was almost completely rebuilt.", "The frontstretch and backstretch were swapped, and the configuration of the track was changed from oval to quad-oval, with a new official length of where before it was .", "The project made the track one of the fastest on the NASCAR circuit.", "In July 2021 NASCAR announced that the track would be reprofiled for the 2022 season to have 28 degrees of banking and would be narrowed from 55 to 40 feet which the track claims will turn racing at the track similar to restrictor plate superspeedways.", "Despite the reprofiling being criticized by drivers, construction began in August 2021 and wrapped up in December 2021.The track has seating capacity of 71,000 to 125,000 people depending on the tracks configuration.==== Entry list ====* '''(R)''' denotes rookie driver.", "* '''(i)''' denotes driver who is ineligible for series driver points.#DriverTeamMakeSponsor00Cole CusterStewart–Haas RacingFordHaas Automation1Sam MayerJR MotorsportsChevroletRaptor High Heat2Jesse Love '''(R)'''Richard Childress RacingChevroletWhelen4Dawson Cram '''(R)'''JD MotorsportsChevroletJD Motorsports5Anthony AlfredoOur MotorsportsChevroletChapman Fence6Garrett SmithleyJD MotorsportsChevroletJD Motorsports07Patrick EmerlingSS-Green Light RacingChevroletSIMFORGE7Justin AllgaierJR MotorsportsChevroletBRANDT8Sammy SmithJR MotorsportsChevroletPilot Flying J9Brandon JonesJR MotorsportsChevroletAtlas Roofing / Menards11Josh WilliamsKaulig RacingChevroletAlloy Employer Services14J.", "J. YeleySS-Green Light RacingChevroletSS-Green Light Racing15Hailie Deegan '''(R)'''AM RacingFordAirBox16A.", "J. AllmendingerKaulig RacingChevroletCampers Inn RV18Sheldon CreedJoe Gibbs RacingToyotaFriends of Jaclyn Foundation19Ryan TruexJoe Gibbs RacingToyotaToyota SmartPath20John Hunter Nemechek '''(i)'''Joe Gibbs RacingToyotaPye Barker Fire & Safety21Austin HillRichard Childress RacingChevroletBennett Transportation26Jeffrey EarnhardtSam Hunt RacingToyotaForeverLawn27Jeb BurtonJordan Anderson RacingChevroletTBA28Kyle SiegRSS RacingFordRSS Racing29Blaine PerkinsRSS RacingFordPritchard Injury Firm31Parker RetzlaffJordan Anderson RacingChevroletFUNKAWAY32Jordan AndersonJordan Anderson RacingChevroletCapital City Towing35Joey GaseJoey Gase MotorsportsChevroletTBA38C.", "J. McLaughlinRSS RacingFordViking Motorsports39Ryan SiegRSS RacingFordSci Aps42Leland Honeyman '''(R)'''Young's MotorsportsChevroletLH Waterfront Construction43Ryan EllisAlpha Prime RacingChevroletClassic Collision44Brennan PooleAlpha Prime RacingChevroletFinance Pro Plus48Parker KligermanBig Machine RacingChevroletBig Machine Spiked Light Coolers51Jeremy ClementsJeremy Clements RacingChevroletOne Stop / All South Electric78B.", "J. McLeodB.", "J. McLeod MotorsportsChevroletTBA81Chandler SmithJoe Gibbs RacingToyotaMobil 191Kyle WeathermanDGM RacingChevroletTBA92Nick Leitz '''(i)'''DGM RacingChevroletPrecision Measurements97Shane van Gisbergen '''(R)'''Kaulig RacingChevroletWeatherTech98Riley HerbstStewart–Haas RacingFordMonster Energy Official entry list" ], [ "Qualifying", "Qualifying is scheduled to be held on Friday, February 23, at 5:00 PM EST.", "Since Atlanta Motor Speedway is an intermediate speedway with superspeedway rules, the qualifying system used is a single-car, single-lap system with two rounds.", "In the first round, drivers have one lap to set a time.", "The fastest ten drivers from the first round move on to the second round.", "Whoever sets the fastest time in Round 2 will win the pole.=== Qualifying results ===Pos.#DriverTeamMakeTime (R1)Speed (R1)Time (R2)Speed (R2)1" ], [ "Race results", "'''Stage 1''' ''Laps: 40''Pos.#DriverTeamMakePts12345678910'''Stage 2''' ''Laps: 40''Pos.#DriverTeamMakePts12345678910'''Stage 3''' ''Laps: 83''FinSt#DriverTeamMakeLapsLedStatusPts1" ], [ "References" ] ]

[ [ "Laniteio Lyceum" ], [ "Introduction", "The '''Laniteio Lyceum''' (''''), founded in 1819, is the oldest high-school in Limassol, and the second oldest in Cyprus, after the Pancyprian Gymnasium, in Nicosia." ], [ "History", "In 1819, a group of residents of Limassol established the first one-year Greek School in the city, with the first principal being Demetrios Themistokleous ().", "The school's operation was paused in 1821, due to the Greek War of Independence, and later continued in 1834, as a three-year school.From 1870 until 1913, Andreas Themistokleous (), son of the first principal, Demetrios Themistokleous, held the position of principal, being the first to include physical education at schools in Limassol.In 1896, the building which housed the school was deemed inhabitable after an earthquake.", "With the help from the Greek Government, a new building was built.", "In 1906 the school was recognized as a five-year school, with energies from Andreas Themistokleous, and in 1915, a sixth year was added, giving it recognition of a six-year school, and the same status of any school in Greece.In the early 1940s, the school appeared to have a housing-crisis, due to the rise of the number of students.", "In 1945, Nicolas P. Lanitis (), contributed largely in the construction of the current school building (which now houses the Laniteio Lyceum).", "And in 1952, the building was completed and the following school year, the school was renamed to ''Laniteion Greek Gymnasium'' (), being named after Nicolas P. Lanitis, for his contributions.The school for the past two decades has played a big role ethnically in the city, and the island itself.", "In 1960, in the Laniteio school area, the ''Greek All-Girl Gymnasium of Limassol ('''')'' began operating, and the following year, it was renamed to ''A' All-Girls Gymnasium of Limassol'' (), and finally, after the school became a mixed-sex school, it was renamed to ''E' Gymnasium of Limassol'' () in 1973.Following the events of 1974, and the ever-increasing number of students, the three-year ''H' Gymnasium of Limassol'' () operated in the school's area.", "While the school itself, with the ''E' Gymnasium of Limassol'' operated with morning and evening schedules for students.During the reform of the educational system in the 1980s, the school cycle was split into two, the ''Gymnasium'' and ''Lyceum'' cycles.", "The ''Laniteion Greek Gymnasium'' was renamed to ''Laniteio Lyceum A' (''), while the ''E' Gymnasium of Limassol'' was renamed to ''Laniteio Lyceum B' ('').", "In the 2013-2014 school year, the two schools merged into one, forming the current ''Laniteio Lyceum''." ], [ "Currently", "Currently, the school's area is home to, the Music and Athletics schools of Limassol, the Laniteio Gymnasium (housed in the old building of ''Laniteio Lyceum B')'', the Laniteio Primary School, a kindergarten, the Laniteio Theatre, a small church and the offices of the School Board of Limassol." ], [ "Notable Professors", "* Solon Michaelides, 1941 to 1956, Composer, Teacher, Musicologist* Vasileios Tatakis, 1923 to 1926, Philosophy Professor* Giorgos Fasouliotis, 1915 to 1928, Music Professor* Viktor Ioannidis, 1948 to 1965, Music Professor" ], [ "Notable Alumni", "* Spyros Kyprianou, President of Cyprus from 1977 to 1988* George Vassiliou, President of Cyprus from 1988 to 1993* Stella Soulioti, Minister of Justice of the Republic of Cyprus* Criton Tournaritis, Attorney General of the Republic of Cyprus* Rennos Frangoudis, Olympian Sprinter* Domnitsa Lanitou-Kavounidou, Olympian Sprinter* Michael Cacoyannis, Film and Stage Director* John Modinos, Baritone* Marios Tokas, Composer" ], [ "See also", "* Pancyprian Gymnasium* Limassol* Cyprus" ], [ "References" ] ]

[ [ "Seyedmeysam Aghaseyed Hosseini" ], [ "Introduction", "'''Seyedmysam Aghaseyed Hosseini'''  (Persian: سیدمیثم آقاسید حسینی; born 15 May 1983) is an Iranian cartoonist, illustrator, and comic book creator.His work appears internationally in economic, intellectual, political and cultural magazines.", "He is particularly known for his work for reformist papers in Iran and Persian language websites Radio Zamaneh , Tavaana: E-Learning Institute for Iranian Civil Society , and IranWire , bbc persian .", "He is also well-known because of his cartoons about Phone conversation between Barack Obama and Hassan Rouhani , 2013." ], [ "career", "He was design and cartoon editor of several dailies and magazines, including Development Magazine, Citizen Newspaper, the Iranian Red Crescent worked as consultant editor in Shahrvand newspaper.", "He was an expert in Tehran Vahdat Hall Gallery and held many exhibitions of his paintings and cartoons.", "A 34-meter drawing of his showing the effect of modern urbanisation courted serious controversy.Phone conversation between Barack Obama and Hassan RouhaniOne particular cartoon, drawn after then US President Barack Obama met the Iranian president Hassan Rouhani, depicted two hands holding the US and Iranian flags, forming the dove of peace.", "Meysam was beaten up by unknown assailants who kept asking him why he had put the US flag over Iran’s flag and why the Iranian character had no beard" ], [ "books", "Meysam has authored several books, mostly graphic novels .", "Owl book, all in Persian.", "Other books include:*Jangal kartooni (\"cartoon forest\") was published in Iran in 2010*joghd (''Owl'') was published in the Swedian, Baran pub in 2020*khalij fars (\"Persian gulf\") was published in Iran in 2010*Puzzle Aghai-e Ha (\"The Puzzle of Mr Ha\") was published in Iran in 2011*Meysam Hosseini has donated thousands of books to develop literacy and help children, along with Mr. Taner Kılıç" ], [ "safety pin", "A brilliant illustration of his passionate fight for the emancipation of women is his loaded depiction of a safety pin.", "The pin with its restricted space is open symbolising the indomitable feminine urge to break free from the shackles of inhibitions of different types." ], [ "References", "==External links==* Meysam's books on google* Meysam's cartoons for democracy* Meysam's cartoons for keyhan London* Meysam's photos for nature iran* Meysam's cartoons for zamaneh* Meysam's cartoons for peace mark* Meysam's cartoons for Radio Farhang* Meysam's cartoons for tv rangin kaman* Meysam's cartoons for akhbar rooz* Meysam's cartoons for Save pasargad* Meysam's (Reey Raz) From Pen Collection for faam gallery london* Meysam's photos for Bbc persian" ] ]

[ [ "Plaza Altamira military" ], [ "Introduction", "The '''Plaza Altamira military''' were a group of initially fourteen Venezuelan military officers, both active and retired who on 22 October 2002 spoke out against the government of Hugo Chávez in the Altamira Square, in eastern Caracas, declaring the square a \"liberated zone\" and inviting their fellow soldiers to join them with the aim of achieving Chávez's resignation.", "The group was widely supported by civil society, and during the course of the protest at least 102 more military personnel joined the group, as well as thousands of opposition demonstrators.", "On 6 December, waiter João de Gouveia fired into the crowd gathered in the square, killing three people and wounding 25 others.", "João was subdued and handed over to the authorities moments later.", "On 20 February 2003, four other people participating in the rally, including three military personnel, were found dead, after apparently being abducted days earlier in the square.The government decided to let the protest continue, without repressing it.", "After several months, the rally lost momentum and failed to achieve its objectives." ], [ "See also", "* 2002 Venezuelan coup attempt* Venezuelan general strike of 2002–2003* 2004 Venezuelan protests* 2004 Venezuelan recall referendum* Venezuelan crisis defection* Pronunciamiento" ], [ "References" ], [ "Further reading", "* *" ] ]

[ [ "Aamir Mahamed (clan)" ], [ "Introduction" ], [ "Overview", "The ''Boqor (The kingdom Family)'', or clan-head of the larger branch Osman Mahamoud.", "Aamir Mahamed serves as the nominal leader of the Osman Mahamoud clan.", "Some of the most notable members of the Aamir mahamed are the Majeerteen Sultanate which was based in Baargaal, It was a historical and prominent sultanate in Somalia during its golden age in the mid-19th to early 20th century.", "Boqor Aamir mahamed was one of the three prominent rulers of present-day Somalia at the turn of the 20th century.The leader of the Sultanate of Hobyo military Hirsi Gusha who ruled Mudug today and Mohamed Awale, who was the first governor of the city of Qardho." ], [ "Demographics", "A broad clan map of Puntland depicting where the largest sub-clans settle.", "Caamir Maxamed , being one of the largest, cover majority of Bari and Karkaar regions=== Territory ===The Aamir Mahamed sub-clan today primarily live in the Bari and Karkaar regions, making up the majority across the two regions  With Bari being the largest region in all of Somalia, the sub clan covers a lot of ground.", "They can also be found living in the Mudug and Nugaal regions in Puntland as well.", "Bosaso and Qardho are two cities that are heavily populated by Amir Mahamed.Qardho, one of the most ancient and history-rich cities in Somalia, is the head city for Aamir Mahamed as they make an overwhelming majority in the Karkaar capital.", "In the early modern period, Qardho was a part of the Majeerteen Sultanate (Migiurtinia), centered in Aluula.", "It was later incorporated into Italian Somaliland during the early 20th century.Aamir Mahamed are majority in Qardho .", "Qardho was originally inhabited by Issa Mohamud's clan of Mahmoud Saleban, Amir Mohamed's community fought a war in the middle of the 13th and 14th centuries, and then the city was conquered by sub-clan Aamir Mahamed.Certain sub-clans of Aamir Mahamed , majority being rer-idiris, rer omar rer Sharmake, are also populous in Kismayo and the rural villages in southern Somalia.", "However, you can find any Aamir Mahamed in Kismayo.A large population of the clan can also be found settled in Oman, Yemen, and other Khaleeji countries" ], [ "Clan tree", "There is no clear agreement on the clan and sub-clan structures and many smaller lineages are omitted'''Aamir Mahamed Yusuf (Baha-Dubays'''* Idris Aamir* Omar Aamir * Ahmed Aamir * Sharmake Aamir" ], [ "Prominent figures", "Abshir muse said*Hirsi Gusha The leader of the Sultanate of Hobyo military *Abdinasir Mahamed Muse (shati) commander of the puntland presidential Guard" ], [ "References" ] ]

[ [ "Korten, Bulgaria" ], [ "Introduction", "'''Korten''' () is a village in central Bulgaria.", "It has a population of 1,593 as of 2022." ], [ "Geography", "Korten is located in eastern Sliven Province and has a territory of 52.006 km2.It is part of Nova Zagora Municipality.", "The distance from the municipal center Nova Zagora is 6 km.", "It is situated half way between the major cities of Stara Zagora to the west and Sliven to the east, at 40 km from both.", "Korten is situated in the Upper Thracian Plain, at the southern foothills of the Sredna Gora mountain range.", "There is a school and a church.", "North of the village is the spa resort of Banya, also known as ''Kortenski Bani'', meaning Korten Baths." ], [ "Economy", "The village lies in a fertile agricultural area.", "The most important crop is grape, with many vineyards surrounding the settlement.", "Korten produces red and white wines.", "There are also companies producing dairy products." ], [ "Citations" ], [ "References", "*" ] ]

[ [ "Fritz in Tammany Hall" ], [ "Introduction", "'''''Fritz in Tammany Hall''''' is a musical in three acts with music by Jean Schwartz, lyrics by William Jerome, and a book by John J. McNally.", "The musical takes place in 1905 in New York City and on Long Island.", "It was a political spoof of New York City politics of that period." ], [ "History", "''Fritz in Tammany Hall'' was the sixth musical created by the Schwartz and Jerome songwriting team.", "McNally had previously collaborated with Schwartz and Jerome on the musical ''Lifting the Lid'' which premiered four months before ''Fritz in Tammany Hall'' at Broadway's Aerial Gardens on June 5, 1905.", "''Fritz in Tammany Hall'' premiered on October 16, 1905 at Broadway's Herald Square Theatre.", "The show ran for a total of 43 performances; closing on November 18, 1905.The musical was produced by Klaw and Erlanger, co-directed and choreographed by Herbert Gresham and Ned Wayburn, and used sets by Frank Platzer and Meixner.", "F. Richard Anderson designed the costumes and Anton Heindl served as music director.Like the prior ''Lifting the Lid'', ''Fritz in Tammany Hall'' was a satire of New York City politics.", "The plot centered around a German immigrant, the baker Fritz von Swobenfritz, who unexpectedly in elected to the New York City Board of Aldermen and is thrust into the politics surrounding Tammany Hall.", "The role of Swobenfritz was a re-creation of a character made famous on the American stage by the actor J. K. Emmet (1841-1891) during the 19th century.", "This re-created version of that character was made as a starring vehicle for comedian Joseph Cawthorn.", "Stella Mayhew achieved particular success in this production as the Irish widow Mrs. Hart-Judson singing the hit song \"I'm a Woman of Importance\"; a recording of which is included in the CD anthology ''Music of the New York Stage''.", "The show's other successful tune, \"East Side Lil\", was performed by Ada Lewis in the role of Lil McGrain.", "Others in the cast included Julius Tannen as J. Edward Corley, Alison Skipworth as Elena McCann, and Mark Hart as Pat McCann among others." ], [ "Plot", "District leader Pat McCann is concerned about the outcome of an upcoming election, and implements a strategy to split the district vote by nominating the non-political German baker Fritz von Swobenfritz for New York alderman.", "To everyone's surprise, including Swobenfritz and McCann, Swobenfritz wins." ], [ "References", "===Citations======Bibliography===******" ], [ "External links", "*" ] ]

[ [ "Reem Morsi" ], [ "Introduction", "'''Reem Morsi''' is an Egyptian-Canadian film director and screenwriter based in Toronto, Ontario.", "She is best known for her 2022 film ''The Last Mark''.She began her filmmaking career in the early 2010s with a number of short films, winning awards at the 2017 Yorkton Film Festival for her shorts ''The Door'' and ''Show and Tell''.", "She concluded production in 2019 on her feature debut ''Hysteria'', although its release was disrupted by the COVID-19 pandemic and the film has never seen wide distribution.Her second feature film, ''The Last Mark'', was screened for distributors in the Industry Selects program at the 2021 Toronto International Film Festival, before having its public premiere in 2022.She followed up in 2023 with ''Queen Tut''." ], [ "References" ], [ "External links", "*" ] ]

[ [ "Paris (1924 film)" ], [ "Introduction", "'''''Paris''''' is a 1924 French silent drama film directed by René Hervil and starring Pierre Magnier, Dolly Davis and Henry Krauss.", "The film's sets were designed by the art director Fernand Delattre." ], [ "Cast", "* Pierre Magnier as \tMaurice Revoil* Dolly Davis as \tAimée Valois* Henry Krauss as François Roullet* Jacqueline Forzane as\tSuzy Desroses* Marie Bell as \tMarthe de Lignières* Gaston Jacquet as Alpérof* Jean-Louis Allibert as \tJean Fleury* Jean Devalde as \tPaul de Lignières* Jeanne Méa as \tMadame de Lignières * Louise Dauville* Suzy Pierson\t* Marie Glory" ], [ "References" ], [ "Bibliography", "* Powrie, Phil & Rebillard, Éric.", "''Pierre Batcheff and stardom in 1920s French cinema''.", "Edinburgh University Press, 2009.", "* Rège, Philippe.", "''Encyclopedia of French Film Directors, Volume 1''.", "Scarecrow Press, 2009." ], [ "External links", "*" ] ]

[ [ "Thomas Erskine Carson" ], [ "Introduction", "'''Thomas Erskine Carson''' was an American politician from Mercersburg, Pennsylvania, who served intermittently in the Pennsylvania House of Representatives and the Pennsylvania Senate as a Whig from 1834 to 1853.During his last year in the State Senate, Carson was elected the Speaker of the Pennsylvania Senate." ], [ "Biography", "Thomas Erskine Carson was born to David and Jean ''Oliver'' Carson in Greencastle, Pennsylvania on August 6, 1791.As a child Carson excelled in English studies and became a teacher before working for a hat manufacturer and then as a merchant before moving to Mercersburg, Pennsylvania.There Carson became interested in politics, first being elected as auditor of Franklin County from 1824 to 1827, and then being elected as one of Mercersburg's magistrates.Carson was elected to the Pennsylvania House of Representatives, serving there from 1834 to 1835, and again from 1843 to 1844.He was also elected to two terms to the Pennsylvania senate, first from 1845 to 1847 and again from 1851 to 1853.During his latter term, Carson was elected Speaker of the Pennsylvania Senate.", "Carson remained loyal to the Whig party, even through it's decline in the 1850's, and was an ardent supporter of Henry Clay.", "Carson would be defeated during his re-election bid in the Whig primaries to William Richard Sadler.Carson married Agnes ''King'' on March 23, 1815, the niece of Dr. John King, a local leading patriot during the American Revolution.", "The couple had six children including; Eliza ''Carson'' Jean who moved to a Allegheny City, Washington King Carson who moved to Baltimore to work at Thomas' brother James Carson's merchant outfit and was a noted early Republican orator and abolitionist to the point he had to flee the city during the Baltimore riot of 1861.Thomas King Carson and William King Carson who both moved to Ohio.", "As well as two daughters, Rosannah ''Carson'' Mary and Margret ''Carson'' Emeline who stayed in Mercersburg.", "Thomas Erskine Carson died on April 26, 1857 and is buried in Fairview Cemetery in Mercersburg." ], [ "References" ] ]

[ [ "Novi Han" ], [ "Introduction", "'''Novi Han''' () is a village in western Bulgaria.", "It has a population of 3,205 as of 2022." ], [ "Geography", "Novi Han is located in Sofia Province and has a territory of 47.558 km2.It is part of Elin Pelin Municipality.", "The village lies 24 km east of the national capital Sofia, just north of the Trakia motorway.", "The municipal center Elin Pelin is at 10 km in northern direction.", "It is along the first class I-8 road Kalotina–Sofia–Plovdiv–Kapitan Andreevo.Novi Han is situated in the Sofia Valley, at the northern foothills of the Sredna Gora mountain range." ], [ "History", "The village is situated on the strategic Roman road Via Militaris that connected Central Europe and Constantinople.", "There are remains of Thracian, Roman and medieval Bulgarian settlements in its vicinity.", "In 1670 on the place where the current village is located was constructed and Ottoman caravanserai as a major stop along the road, at one day march from Sofia.During World War II part of the equipment of Radio Sofia was evacuated in Novi Han.", "The 1944 Bulgarian coup d'état by the communists was publicly announces from the village." ], [ "Economy", "Since 2008, the studios of the Bulgarian television network NOVA have been located in Novi Han.", "Some its productions are filmed there, including the reality show ''Big Brother''.Some 7 km from the village is situated a repository for radioactive waste, constructed in the late 1950s and early 1960s to store waste from the activities of the Bulgarian Academy of Sciences experimental nuclear reactor.", "Until 2006, it was managed by the Institute for Nuclear Research and Nuclear Energy at the BAS.", "In 2006, the repository was reconstructed to meet modern requirements and was administratively transferred to the State Enterprise “Radioactive waste”.", "The control over the activity of the facility is carried out both by the enterprise and by the state control bodies — the Agency for Nuclear Regulation, the Ministry of Health and the Ministry of Environment and Water." ], [ "Citations" ], [ "References", "*" ] ]

[ [ "Tatenda Mavetera" ], [ "Introduction", "'''Tatenda Mavetera''' is a Zimbabwean politician.", "He is the Minister of Information Communication Technology, Postal and Courier Services of Zimbabwe and a member of parliament.", "He is a member of ZANU–PF." ], [ "References" ] ]

[ [ "The Colours (play)" ], [ "Introduction", "'''''The Colours''''' is a 2019 play written by Harriet Madeley and directed by Max Barton.", "It is a '''verbatim play''' about end of life care in a Welsh hospice.", "Amongst the performers for its first staging in the West End of London was the actress Morfydd Clark.", "The play was created using recorded conversations with patients, doctors and nurses at Velindre Cancer Centre and Ty Olwen Hospice in Wales, and actors revoiced the recordings verbatim on stage.", "All the characters in the play are created from interviews with real people." ], [ "Synopsis", "The play centres around the lives of four people with varying types of illness, and their interactions with those around them.", "It also focuses on the conversations with healthcare professionals, in particular those who work in palliative care.", "The actors on stage in this verbatim play, voice the actual transcripts of interviews held with patients and doctors in South Wales in two sites: Velindre Cancer Hospital in Cardiff and Ty Olwen Hospice in Swansea.The play opens on a South Wales beach.", "We meet Jill and Joe in their home in South Wales.", "Jill, 60, has had a cancer scare, but the lumps in her breast turned out to be benign; Joe’s prostate cancer is inoperable.", "Jill is cheerful, still thinking of future days, fussing over her vinyl collection, while Joe is anxious, but also resigned to what lies ahead.", "The play engaged a gender-blind casting approach, and Ché Francis plays Jill, his eyes perfectly matching the mischief in the voice he hears in his ears, whilst Joe is played by Morfydd Clark, who communicates the fear of a 65-year-old man entering the very last days of his life.Erica, played by Claire-Marie Hall, is a single woman, cheerful to the last, regaling with stories of her past as a teacher.", "We also meet Ray, played by Mark Knightley, who is dying from motor neurone disease, but copes using gallows humour and candour.", "Joe, Erica and Ray meet and become friends at a hospice, which provides activities such as meditation, painting and Tai Chi." ], [ "Premiere", "The verbatim play was premiered at Soho Theatre from 30 July to 17 August 2019.Post-show talks were held on 8th August with Idris Baker, palliative care consultant at Ty Olwen hospice, and on 10th August with Mark Taubert, palliative care consultant at Velindre Cancer Centre in Cardiff." ], [ "Creating the Colours", "All the characters in the play were created from interviews with real people living with terminal illnesses: attendees of Ty Olwen hospice  in Swansea and Velindre Cancer Centre in Cardiff.", "Interviews to create the play were conducted throughout 2018 by write Harriet Madeley with patients, doctors, nurses and volunteers at Velindre Cancer Centre in Cardiff and Ty Olwen Hospice in Swansea.", "Recorded interviews were then played through the actors’ headphones, providing their lines in real time.", "Writer Harriet Madeley first had the idea to write a play about end of life care after reading a book her friend’s father had written whilst living with terminal cancer.", "“I was struck by the way his diagnosis had caused him to view life in a different way, and it really stayed with me” she says.", "“I then saw palliative care doctor Mark Taubert speak at the Hay Festival on the subject of palliative care, he introduced me to Dr Idris Baker at Ty Olwen Hospice in Swansea and the play was born.", "She then spent time interviewing Taubert and Baker, as well as patients and healthcare professionals in both clinicians' South Wales settings.", "The play features a physician called \"Dr Taubert-Baker\", who represents an amalgamation of the two palliative care doctors." ], [ "Premiere cast and production team", "The cast for The Colours included Morfydd Clark, Claire-Marie Hall, Che Francis, Mark Knightley, and Harriet Madeley.", "The theatre company was Crowded Room.", "The set was designed by Luke W. Robson, lighting by Jo Palmer and sound by Ellie Isherwood.", "''Joe'': Morfydd Clark''Jill'': Ché Francis''Erica'': Claire-Marie Hall''Ray:'' Mark Knightley''Dr.", "Taubert-Baker'': Mark Knightley, Harriet Madeley and Morfydd Clark" ], [ "Reception", "The play received a positive reception following its premiere in the West End, including from Time Out magazine who commented that the play \"works as a constant reminder of the preciousness of the time passing during even the most seemingly mundane conversations.", "Together, Barton and writer Harriet Madeley conjure an atmosphere of quiet reflection – a moving understatedness.\"", ".", "The Evening Standard concluded that \"the show is at its most insightful when we hear the patients’ idle chit-chat.", "We don’t often hear people shooting the breeze about the fact that their death is imminent.", "People are brave; they think of their families.", "There’s power in the not-said as much as in the spoken.\".", "In 2023, The University Of Bristol featured the play and a talk about its creation in its annual Good Grief Festival." ], [ "References" ] ]

[ [ "Patrick Shegog" ], [ "Introduction", "'''Patrick Shegog''' is an American football quarterback.", "He played college football for the Delta State Statesmen." ], [ "Early years", "Shegog lettered in football and basketball at South Panola High School in Batesville, Mississippi." ], [ "College career", "Shegog played college football for the Delta State Statesmen from 2018 to 2023.He played in 10 games, starting eight, his freshman year in 2018, completing 168 of 268 passes for 1,722 yards, 10 touchdowns and 11 interceptions.", "He was named the Gulf South Conference (GSC) Co-Offensive Freshman of the Year.", "In 2019, Shegog started the first three games of the season, completing 35 of 65 passes for 352 yards, two touchdowns and one interception before suffering a season-ending broken collarbone.", "The 2020 season was cancelled due to the COVID-19 pandemic.", "He completed 139 of 233 passes for 1,614 yards, 10 touchdowns and eight interceptions in 2021 while also rushing for 225 yards and two touchdowns.", "In 2022, he completed 213 of 329 passes for 2,789 yards, 22 touchdowns and nine interceptions while also running for 790 yards and 17 touchdowns, earning First Team All-GSC and GSC Offensive Player of the Year honors.", "In 2023, Shegog completed 62 percent of his passes for 2,618 yards, 32 touchdowns and two interceptions while also rushing for 690 yards and 12 touchdowns, garnering First Team All-GSC and GSC Offensive Player of the Year recognition.", "He also won the Conerly Trophy in 2023 as the best college football player in Mississippi, the first non-Football Bowl Subdivision (FBS) player to win the award since Juan Joseph in 2008.Shegog passed for career totals of 9,095 yards, 76 touchdowns, and 31 interceptions while also rushing for career totals of 2,399 yards and 36 touchdowns." ], [ "References" ] ]

[ [ "2024 Southeastern Conference softball season" ], [ "Introduction", "The '''2024 SEC softball season''' began play Thursday, February 8, and conference play begins on Friday, March 8.The 2024 Southeastern Conference softball tournament takes place May 7–11 at Jane B. Moore Field in Auburn, Alabama.", "Vanderbilt University is the only full member of the Southeastern Conference to not sponsor a softball program." ], [ "SEC preseason poll", "The head coaches SEC preseason poll was released on January 25, 2024.Each head coach votes on a scale of 12 points for first place down to 1 point for last place, 12th.", "Each coach only votes for 12 teams, since they can not vote for their own team.", "Tennessee was picked to finish 1st, with six 1st place votes.", "Georgia was 2nd with six 1st place votes.", "Florida, while only 7th in the poll, got the remaining single, 1st place vote.", "'''Preseason poll''' 1 Tennessee 2 Georgia 3 LSU 4 Arkansas 5 Auburn 6 Alabama 7 Florida 8 Texas A&M 9 South Carolina 10 Kentucky 11 Missouri 12 Ole Miss 13 Mississippi State" ], [ "Record vs. conference opponents" ], [ "National rankings", "The SEC has had 11 of 13 softball teams ranked in some top 25 of these three polls.", "Kentucky and Missouri jumped in ranking.", "Missouri going from not ranked to top 15 in all three polls, and Kentucky also from not ranked, in two polls and 25th in the other, to top 18.Auburn is the only one that dropped by more than 3 and as much as 6, in any of the polls.", "The only other change of more than 3 places, up or down, in any poll, is LSU going up 8 places in one poll.", "Rankings of opponents is at the time of the game.", "*LSU went 5–0 against teams not ranked, but all five were shutouts, winning by an aggregate score of 47–0.", "*Missouri went 5–0 including a win over a ranked, at least as high as 13th, Utah.", "*Kentucky went 4–1 losing only to a ranked, at least as high as 24th, San Diego State, and beating twice, a ranked, at least as high as 3rd, Stanford.", "*Auburn went 1–1–1 losing to and tying a ranked, at least as high as 24th, Virginia Tech, and losing to a not ranked Belmont.===AFCA/USA Today===The 14th poll will be after the conference tournaments and before the NCAA tournament.", "The 15th poll, after the NCAA tournament, will be the final poll.Week0123456789101112131415 TENN22 TENNUGA64 UGAALA1211 ALALSU1412 LSUMIZZ–14 MIZZ-00ARK1615 ARKFLA1716 FLA0KEN2518 KENSCAR2320 SCARAUB1925 AUBMSU–– MSUMISS–– MISSTAMU–– TAMU===D1Softball===The 13th poll will be after the end of the regular season, before the conference tournaments, then the 14th poll, after the NCAA tournament, will be the final poll.Week01234567891011121314 TENN33 TENNUGA65 UGALSU179 LSUMIZZ–11 MIZZALA1112 ALAKEN–14 KENARK1818 ARKSCAR2220 SCARFLA2023 FLATAMU2525 TAMUAUB19– AUBMSU–– MSUMISS–– MISS===ESPN/USA Softball Collegiate===The 14th poll will be after the conference tournaments and before the NCAA tournament.", "The 15th poll, after the NCAA tournament, will be the final poll.Week0123456789101112131415 TENN22 TENNUGA64 UGAALA1411 ALA LSU1512 LSUARK1213 ARKMIZZ–15 LSUKEN–18 KENFLA1819 FLASCAR2221 SCARAUB2024 AUBTAMU2425 TAMUMSU––––––––––––––––MSUMISS––––––––––––––––MISS<!--" ], [ "All-SEC teams", "On May 12, SEC officials announced their softball awards for the 2023 season.", "Skylar Wallace of Florida was selected as Player of the Year, Maddie Penta of Auburn was named Pitcher of the Year, and Karlyn Pickens of Tennessee was Freshman of the Year, and Karen Weekly of Tennessee was chosen as the Coach of the Year.The All-SEC Teams consist of 21 student-athletes on the First Team, 21 student-athletes on the Second Team, and a nine-member All-Defensive Team:===All-SEC First Team===*Montana Fouts, Alabama*Ashley Prange, Alabama*Chenise Delce, Arkansas*Maddie Penta, Auburn*Charla Echols, Florida*Skylar Wallace, Florida*Jayda Kearney, Georgia*Sydney Kuma, Georgia*Sara Mosley, Georgia*Shelby Walters, Georgia*Erin Coffel, Kentucky*Kayla Kowalik, Kentucky*Ali Kilponen, LSU*Ali Newland, LSU*Donnie Gobourne, South Carolina*McKenna Gibson, Tennessee*Kiki Milloy, Tennessee*Zaida Puni, Tennessee*Ashley Rogers, Tennessee*Julia Cotrrill, Texas A&M*Rylen Wiggins, Texas A&M===All-SEC Second Team===*Jenna Johnson, Alabama*Larissa Preuitt, Alabama*Hannah Camenzind, Arkansas*Kristina Foreman, Arkansas*Cylie Halvorson, Arkansas*Rylin Hedgecock, Arkansas*Reagan Johnson, Arkansas*Denver Bryant, Auburn*Nelia Peralta, Auburn*Kendra Falby, Florida*Reagan Walsh, Florida*Jaiden Fields, Georgia*Madison Kerpics, Georgia*Sydney Berzon, LSU*Ciara Briggs, LSU*Taylor Pleasants, LSU*McKenzie Redoutey, LSU*Alex Honnold, Missouri*Jenna Laird, Missouri*Karlyn Pickens, Tennessee*Koko Wooley, Texas A&M===SEC All-Defensive Team===*Pitcher: Maddie Penta, Auburn*Catcher: Kayla Kowalik, Kentucky*First Base: Raeleen Gutierrez, LSU*Second Base: Sydney Kuma, Georgia*Shortstop: Taylor Pleasants, LSU*Third Base: Charla Echols, Florida*Left Field: Tate Whitley, Ole Miss*Center Field: Ciara Briggs, LSU*Right Field: McKenzie Redoutey, LSU-->" ], [ "References" ] ]

[ [ "Lola from Berlin" ], [ "Introduction", "'''''Lola from Berlin''''' is a musical in three acts with music by Jean Schwartz, lyrics by William Jerome, and a book by John J. McNally.", "The musical was created as a starring vehicle for actress Lulu Glaser who portrayed the title role in the original production.", "The work is about the German girl Lotchen von Breckenhaussett, aka \"Lola\", who travels from Berlin to New York City to collect an unexpected inheritance from a distant American relation." ], [ "History", "''Lola from Berlin'' premiered at Broadway's Liberty Theatre on September 16, 1907.Criticized in the New York press as unoriginal in terms of plot, it closed after 35 performances in October 19, 1907.The musical was then significantly reworked and went on a national tour in 1908-1909 without Glaser.", "While the work as a whole was not well reviewed, the music for the show was praised by critics." ], [ "References", "===Citations======Bibliography===**" ], [ "External links", "*" ] ]

[ [ "Unterm Birnbaum" ], [ "Introduction", "'''''Unterm Birnbaum''''' (English: ''Under the Pear Tree'') is a novella written in 1885 by Theodor Fontane.", "It is a crime story in which the reader knows from the outset who commits a murder and why.", "While the details of the murder event itself remain mysterious, the narrative focuses on what others think happened, how a small town's community opinion vacillates over time, and how the community's opinions affect the perpetrators.", "The reader cannot easily predict whether the murderers will ever be caught." ], [ "Inspiration", "As with some other of Fontane's works such as ''Effi Briest'' and ''Beyond Recall'', the plot was patterned roughly around a real event reported years before the novella was written and that Fontane had read about.", "The majority of the novel consists of richly nuanced conversations among the town's denizens about the married couple at the center of the controversy." ], [ "Adaptations for audio and film", "In Germany, this crime story has been made into an audio drama more than half a dozen times, and it has been adapted for film or television at least five times:* 1945: Der stumme Gast, Verfilmung der UFA von Harald Braun mit René Deltgen als Matthias (entspricht Abel) und Gisela Uhlen als Lisa (entspricht Ursel)* 1963: Unterm Birnbaum, Fernseh-Verfilmung des WDR von Gerhard Klingenberg mit Heinz Reincke als Abel und Eva Lissa als Ursel* 1964: Unterm Birnbaum, Fernseh-Verfilmung der ARD von Mark Lawton mit Paul Esser als Abel und Agnes Fink als Ursel* 1973: Unterm Birnbaum, Verfilmung der DEFA von Ralf Kirsten mit Erik S. Klein als Abel und Angelika Domröse als Ursula* 2019: Unterm Birnbaum, Fernseh-Verfilmung für das ZDF, Regie Uli Edel, Drehbuch Léonie-Claire Breinersdorfer, mit Fritz Karl als Abel und Julia Koschitz als Ursel" ], [ "English translation", "For English readers, there has been a translation available since 2010." ], [ "References" ] ]

[ [ "Bjørn Kristoffer Bore" ], [ "Introduction", "'''Bjørn Kristoffer Bore''' (born 3 December 1969) is a Norwegian journalist and newspaper editor.", "Since 2019 he has been chief editor of the newspaper ''Vårt Land''." ], [ "Personal life and education", "Born in Molde on 3 December 1969, Bore is a son of newspaper editor Thor Bjarne Bore and journalist Marie Rein Bore.", "He studied informatics and graduated in political science and criminology from the University of Oslo from 1989 to 1992.He is married to Anne Weider Aasen, TV 2 editor and since 2020 leader of the Norwegian Press Complaints Commission." ], [ "Career", "From 1992 to 1994 Bore was chief executive officer of the organizarion Natur og Ungdom.", "He was a web journalist for Schibsted Nett from 2005.In 2008 he was hired as a journalist for the newspaper ''Dagbladet'', and eventually assumed various administrative positions in the newspaper.", "He was appointed chief editor and managing director of the newspaper ''Vårt Land'' from 2019." ], [ "References" ] ]

[ [ "Yagoda, Bulgaria" ], [ "Introduction", "'''Yagoda''' () is a village in central Bulgaria.", "It has a population of 2,843 as of 2022." ], [ "Geography", "Yagoda is located in Stara Zagora Province and has a territory of 17.485 km2.It is part of Maglizh Municipality and lies 15 km north of the city of Stara Zagora.", "Yagoda is situated in the Kazanlak Valley, at the northern foothills of the Sredna Gora mountain range." ], [ "Mineral springs", "Yagoda is a small spa resort with numerous mineral springs with temperature of up to 52 °С and a discharge of 11.3 L/sec.", "The old mineral baths were constructed in the early 20th century and are a monument of culture.", "There are mineral pools and hotels." ], [ "Economy", "The village is located on the major first class I-5 road Ruse–Veliko Tarnovo–Stara Zagora–Haskovo–Makaza, very close to the intersection with the first class I-6 road Gyueshevo–Sofia–Karlovo–Burgas, and hosts logistics facilities of several companies.", "Yagoda is situated in a fertile agricultural area with specific microclimate, favourable for industrial crops and specifically Rosa × damascena, as well as orchards, vegetables, grapes, strawberries, etc." ], [ "Citations" ], [ "References", "*" ] ]

[ [ "Dien Bien Phu (wargame)" ], [ "Introduction", "right'''''Dien Bien Phu''''', subtitled \"Strategic Game of Indochina 1950-55\" is a board wargame published by Simulations Design Corporation (SDC) in 1973 that simulates the final five years of the First Indochina War in the northern French protectorate of Tonkin." ], [ "Background", "Following World War II, Japanese forces that had occupied Vietnam surrendered to Soviet forces in the north and to British forces in the south.", "The Soviets handed over control of the north to Hồ Chí Minh's Democratic Republic of Vietnam (DRV), but the British refused to do the same, instead turning over the south to former colonial power France.", "Although France and the DRV held talks, the tensions between them devolved into war, with the largely rural and irregular forces of the north on one side, and the modern armed forces of France on the other.", "The resultant war lasted for 10 years, until the French surrender at the Battle of Dien Bien Phu." ], [ "Description", "''Dien Bien Phu'' is a two-person strategic wargame in which one player controls French forces and the other controls DRV and Vietcong forces.", "The game features simultaneous plotting and movement.", "Combat is resolved on a simple table: attacking odds better than 1 to 1 result in defensive retreat and elimination; attacking odds at less than 1 to 1 result in the attackers being eliminated or retreating; odds of 1 to 1 can result in eliminations or retreats for either or both sides.The Vietminh move slowly but can hide in enemy territory.", "The French have the advantage of air transportation and modern weaponry.===Victory conditions===There are 14 turns in the game.", "If no one has won before the end of the last turn, the player in control of more geographical areas is the winner.", "A player can win before this by reaching a quota of areas held or enemies eliminated each turn.===Vietminh strategy===The Vietminh move slowly and consequently supplies also move to the front slowly.", "Critic Luc Olivier suggest that the Vietminh \"must plan ahead for the use of supply units required to allow moves in enemy areas and combat.", "There are few supply units at the beginning of the game and fewer are added each turn.", "So, as in the real conflict, the VM must organize offensives by stockpiling supply near the objective areas.", "\"===French strategy=== Olivier suggested the French must use their advantage in transportation to quickly build up an overwhelming concentration of firepower for each battle.", "However, as Olivier noted, \"The key operative word forcombat is concentration.", "However, this is easier said than done, because as the moves are simultaneously plotted, the resulting combat can be unpredictable.\"" ], [ "Publication history", "SDC had published the Vietnam wargame ''Battle for Hue'' in 1973, and returned to the same theme later that year with ''Dien Bien Phu'', designed by Dana Lombardy based on an original game idea by Guy R. Hail.", "It was published as a free pull-out game in Issue 6 of SDC's house magazine ''Conflict'', and was also released as a ziplock bag game.", "A second edition was published by Flying Buffalo in 1977.Critic Allan Rothberg noted that ''Dien Bien Phu'' \"is one of only two English language campaign games on the French Indo-China war.", "\"In a 1976 poll conducted by Simulations Publications Inc. to determine the most popular board wargames in North America, ''Dien Bien Phu'' placed a dismal 200th out of 202 games." ], [ "Reception", "In the 1977 book ''The Comprehensive Guide to Board Wargaming'', Charles Vasey noted that only 4 years after its release, this game \"is rarely seen now, though the subject must have looked promising enough.\"", "Vasey found the game to be \"accurate and innovative\" but thought it was unbalanced against the French player.", "Luc Olivier called this \"an unusual game with an area map, simultaneous plotting of all the moves and simple resolution of combat, with just a little chrome to show the oddities of the theater of warfare.\"", "After an examination of the rules and strategies, Olivier concluded, \"All in all, the rules are interesting and in a few pages succeed in correctly simulating this unusual war.", "But the plotting and area moves produce some odds results, very different every time.", "\"Allan Rothberg had fond memories of playing this game, but upon replaying it 25 years later, \"the game seemed fairly flat.", "Units are too difficult to kill, and both sides can move units around pretty freely.", "Even with 22 areas to cover it is very difficult to concentrate the large force needed to get a kill, without leaving other units vulnerable to a similar action from the enemy.\"", "Rothberg found the early victory conditions impossible to fulfill, meaning the game had to be played to its full length every time.", "Rothberg noted, \"It is possible to attain the other victory conditions (territorial or single turn kills); I just don’t see two competent players doing it often.", "The game devolves into doing a waltz with territory taken, regained, retaken, and all the while the enemy is doing exactly the same thing.\"" ], [ "Other reviews", "*''Panzerfaust'' #63" ], [ "References" ] ]

[ [ "The Amazing Bubble Man" ], [ "Introduction", "'''Louis Pearl''' (born June 30th, 1958), known as “The Amazing Bubble Man” or “Pope of Soap” , is an American entertainer, bubble artist and author who performs shows with soap bubbles to global audiences.Louis Pearl founded the company Tangent Toys in 1980 .", "His show “The Amazing Bubble Man” has been performed across the world including in the USA, China and the United Kingdom, where he has a long-running show at the Edinburgh Fringe." ], [ "Early life and education", "Louis was born in San Francisco 1958.He grew up in the Richmond District on 26th Avenue and attended George Washington High School.", "His family attended Congregation Beth Sholom.", "His father, Milton Pearl, was chief of surgery and chief of staff at Mount Zion Hospital.", "and initially Louis studied to follow in his father’s footsteps.", "His father got Louis a summer position at their pathology department .", "Here Louis was fascinated by the artistic nature of viewing cells under a microscope.", "However, upon witnessing his first autopsy of the cadaver of Alan Watts, Louis decided he did not want to pursue a medical profession.Louis majored in English with a minor in art at University of California, San Diego.", "Here he became an assistant to graduate students studying local aquatic species at the Scripps Institution of Oceanography, a commitment which entailed scuba diving and studying fish populations.", "During this activity, he became fascinated with the bubbles he was exhaling and began to look at the air bubbles with a scientific curiosity .While participating in a Dartmouth College-UCSD exchange program, he began to play with soap bubbles.", "Here he made movies, and experimented with filling them with smoke and shining lights on them in different ways.", ".In a college art class, during a mandated two minute performance he blew into a giant bubble using an Impala horn which would serve as inspiration for his future career ." ], [ "Personal life", "Louis married the musician Jetty Swart (stage name Jet Black Pearl), who plays upbeat accordion music .", "They met while performing at the Fringe Festival in Edinburgh, Scotland.", "They live together in Portland, where they have lived since 2014..Prior to living in Portland Louis has lived in Sebastapol, and a house boat in Sausalito ." ], [ "Career", "These are two Bubble Trumpets manufactured by Tangent Toys for making soap bubbles.It was after graduation, while living in Berkley that Louis designed and patented a toy called the Bubble Trumpet in 1978 that was inspired from his college art class days.", "The Bubble Trumpet was a cone-shaped piece of plastic with a lip to collect the soap solution .", "He spent the following two years working on sailboats, until December 1980, when he decided to manufacture 1000 trumpets using the blueprints.", "Using the toy he performed and sold it on Telegraph Avenue near the university.", "Unable to find a toy company to distribute his toy, he turned he built a successful company, with 147 products being manufactured and distributed internationally called Tangent Toys .", "The warehouse was featured in How Buildings Learn TV series .", "In 1983, after a chance run-in with the iconic activist and entertainer Wavy Gravy at a nightclub in Mill Valley, the activist invited Pearl to Camp Winnarainbow, his theater and circus arts camp, for a session with adults before the kids arrived.", "Here, Pearl became acquainted with how to perform onstage.After a stint at the camp, he began doing children’s birthday parties in 1983 , and then schools in 1987 often incorporating age-appropriate science lessons).", "He started touring California with his show and then began touring internationally in 2007.He has performed for The Sultan of Brunei, Don Johnson, and the late actor Robin Williams .", "While his show is typically aimed at a younger audience he has also performed an adult-only show called “Bubble and Squeak” with his wife.", "In the United Kingdom, he tours annually, including performances at the Edinburgh Fringe Festival and the udderBELLY festival.The Amazing Bubbleman buts a child inside a bubble.His show at the Edinburgh Fringe has become a mainstay and it was here in 23 August 2012 he was interviewed and appeared on the long-running children’s British television show Blue Peter , obtaining a Blue Peter badge.", "In addition to Blue Peter, his work has featured on television segments for KGW (2023), ITV Meridian (2024), , BBC News (August 2023) and Philippine morning show Umagang Kay Ganda (2015) .In 1991, he published his first book Sudman's Bubble-ology Guide, a 30-page pamphlet that shows beginners how to create bubbles such as a ”Hullaballoo Contortion,” and a ”Dodecahedron\" bubble .", "It was co-authored by Larry Shaw and part of the interactive bubble kit for kids: “The Ultimate Bubble Kit” manufactured by The Nature Company .", "Louis found that he preferred playing with the toys over selling them and sold Tangent Toys in 2002 ." ], [ "External Links", "* The Amazing Bubble Man official website* Louis Pearl performing on KGW* Sudman's Bubble-Ology Guide" ], [ "References" ] ]

[ [ "Waterloo Place" ], [ "Introduction", "'''Waterloo Place''' is a short but broad street in the St James's area of the City of Westminster, London.", "It forms a plaza-like space and is a southern extension of Lower Regent Street.", "Towards the northern end it is crossed by Pall Mall and at the southern end, by Carlton House Terrace, where it ends at the Duke of York Steps which lead down to The Mall.", "Located on the Place are several 19th and 20th century monuments to royalty, explorers and military people." ], [ "History", "Waterloo Place in 1830, looking northwards into Regent Street towards Piccadilly Circus.Included in the plan for London prepared by architect John Nash in 1814 was a broad plaza intended as a space for monuments, It would be the southern end of a prestigious new thoroughfare, later known as Regent Street, and would create a grand open area in front of Carlton House, the London residence of the Prince Regent, which stood on the south side of Pall Mall.", "The site had previously been occupied by St James's Market, and several \"low and mean houses\" had to be demolished to make way for the development.", "Construction was financed and managed by the property developer, James Burton.", "The first leases on the new buildings in the street were taken out in 1815, by which time it was thought appropriate to name it after the British victory at the Battle of Waterloo which had taken place in June of that year, perhaps as a military counterpart to Trafalgar Square.Residences in Waterloo Place quickly became fashionable due to the proximity to Carlton House.", "Charlotte Lennox, Duchess of Richmond lived at Number 7, while Lady Elizabeth Egremont, the estranged wife and former mistress of George Wyndham, 3rd Earl of Egremont, lived at Number 4.Following a fire in 1824, Carlton House was demolished and part of the vacant plot on the western corner of Pall Mall and Waterloo Place was offered by Parliament to the Athenaeum Club who were in temporary premesis nearby.", "Accordingly in 1826, Decimus Burton, the son of the developer, was commissioned to design an elegant building for the club.", "Parliament also offered the opposite site to the United Service Club with the specification that both buildings should be of a uniform design.", "However, the latter club were able to get agreement to some modifications that the Athenaeum were unwilling to follow, so that the two finished buildings were dissimilar." ], [ "Monuments", "The focal point of Waterloo Place is the Duke of York Column, commemorating Prince Frederick, Duke of York and Albany, the commander-in-chief of the British Army during the Napoleonic Wars.", "It stands above a flight of steps leading down to The Mall in a space between the Western and Eastern terraces of the Carleton House Terrace, designed by Nash and Decimus Burton and built between 1827 and 1832.The column itself was designed by Benjamin Dean Wyatt and was completed in 1832.Waterloo Place later became a space for memorialising non-royal heroism, due to it being Crown land and therefore administered by the Commissioners of Woods, Forests and Land Revenues, who were more amenable to public monuments than the Commissioners of Works and Public Buildings that controlled many other open spaces in the capital.", "The first of these was the Guards Crimean War Memorial, sculpted by John Bell and completed in 1861, which occupies a central position in the place.", "On the western edge, Matthew Noble's statue of Arctic explorer Sir John Franklin was unveiled in 1866, followed the next year by Carlo Marochetti's memorial to Crimean War hero, Colin Campbell, 1st Baron Clyde on the eastern side.", "In 1874, another Crimean general, John Fox Burgoyne was commemorated in a statue by Joseph Edgar Boehm, who also executed another to a Viceroy of India, John Lawrence, 1st Baron Lawrence completed in 1885.In 1914, John Henry Foley's 1866 statue of Sidney Herbert, 1st Baron Herbert of Lea, the Secretary at War during the Crimean War, was moved from outside the War Office in Whitehall to stand close to the Guards memorial in Waterloo Place.", "It was joined in the following year by a new statue of Florence Nightingale by Arthur George Walker, making a group of three Crimean memorials in the centre of the roadway.", "Also in 1915, a statue of the Antarctic explorer Captain Robert Falcon Scott, sculpted by his widow, Kathleen, was erected next to that of Lord Clyde.", "In 1924, an equestrian statue of King Edward VII by Sir Edgar Bertram Mackennal was unveiled, also in the centre of the Place.", "The last addition was a memorial by Leslie Johnson to Sir Keith Park, known as \"the defender of London\" during the Battle of Britain, which was installed in 2010 next to Scott and Franklin.File:Duke of York Column just off Carlton Gardens - geograph.org.uk - 2180070.jpg|Duke of York ColumnFile:Crimean War Memorial 01.jpg|The Guards Crimean War Memorial together with statues of Florence Nightingale (left) and Lord LeaFile:Statue of Sir John Franklin - geograph.org.uk - 6145476.jpg|Statue of Sir John FranklinFile:Statue of Colin Campbell, 1st Baron Clyde, London.JPG|Statue of Lord ClydeFile:John Fox Burgoyne Statue.jpg|Statue of Field Marshal BurgoyneFile:Statue at the junction of Waterloo Place and Carlton House Place - geograph.org.uk - 2180013.jpg|Statue of Lord LawrenceFile:Statue to Captain Scott, Waterloo Place, London W1 - geograph.org.uk - 894241.jpg|Statue of Captain ScottFile:King Edward VII Statue, Waterloo Place SW1 - geograph.org.uk - 979674.jpg|Statue of King Edward VIIFile:Keith Park statue in Waterloo Place.JPG|Statue of Air Chief Marshal Park" ], [ "References", "===Sources===********" ] ]

[ [ "Di Tella" ], [ "Introduction", "'''Di Tella''' is a surname.", "Notable people with the surname include:* Clara Di Tella (born 1993), Argentine fencer* Guido Di Tella (1931–2001), Argentine businessman and diplomat* Rafael di Tella (born 1965), Argentine economist* Torcuato di Tella (1892–1948), Argentine industrialist and philanthropist" ], [ "See also", "* Siam Di Tella* Torcuato di Tella Institute* Torcuato di Tella University" ] ]

[ [ "Peperomia ubate-susanensis" ], [ "Introduction", "'''''Peperomia vincentiana''''' is a species of herb from the genus ''Peperomia''.", "It was first described by Truman G. Yuncker and published in the book \"''London Journal of Botany 4: 415.1845.''\".", "In Colombia, its elevation range is 2600 meters.", "Its etymology came from the '''Ubate-Susa highway''' in Cundinamarca." ], [ "Distribution", "It is endemic to Colombia.", "*Colombia**Cundinamarca***Facatativá***Nemocón***Villa de San Diego de Ubaté**Cauca***La Vega" ], [ "References" ] ]

[ [ "Supermercados Monterey" ], [ "Introduction", "'''''Supermercados Monterey''''', originally written '''''Monterrey''''', was a Peruvian supermarket chain created in 1954, in Lima.", "It also operated in Arequipa, Trujillo, Chiclayo, Cuzco, Piura, Sullana and Talara until its closure in 1993 due to the economic crisis and internal conflict of the country." ], [ "History", "The company was founded in 1954 as '''''Casa Monterrey''''' by the Swiss Bruno Tschudi and the Benavides family, current owners of ''Compañía de Minas Buenaventura'', opening its first store in the 54th block of the Jirón de la Unión.", "It opened up to 16 stores in the city, in the districts of Miraflores, San Isidro, Surco and the Cercado.", "Its original name eventually changed its spelling due to a legal battle, as it was identical to that of a store in Arequipa.It was sold to the Lau family in 1991, closing in the early months of 1993 due to the economic crisis of the time." ], [ "See also", "*Supermercados Peruanos" ], [ "References" ] ]

[ [ "Staro Zhelezare" ], [ "Introduction", "'''Staro Zhelezare''' () is a village in central Bulgaria.", "It has a population of 401 as of 2022." ], [ "Geography", "Staro Zhelezare is located in Plovdiv Province and has a territory of 34.209 km2.It is part of Hisarya Municipality and lies some 5 km southwest of the municipal center Hisarya.", "It has direct road connections with the neighbouring villages of Panicheri to the northwest, Chernichevo to the east and Novo Zhelezare to the south.Staro Zhelezare is situated in the Upper Thracian Plain, at the southern foothills of the Sredna Gora mountain range." ], [ "History", "A representative of the village participated as a deputy at the 1876 assembly in the Oborishte locality near Panagyurishte, considered as a precursor of the Bulgarian National Assembly, during which a decision was taken to begin the April Uprising against the Ottoman Empire.", "Numerous people from Staro Zhelezare fought in the Bulgarian Army during the First and the Second Balkan Wars, World War I and World War II.", "There is a monument dedicated to the fallen soldiers in the wars for the unification of Bulgaria." ], [ "Economy", "The village is situated in a rich agricultural region.", "The main crops include orchards, vegetables and grapes.", "Animal husbandry is also well-developed, mainly cattle, sheep and chicken." ], [ "Gallery", "File:Старо Железаре антифашистки паметник и кметство.jpg | The Village HallFile:Старо Железаре дом камбанария и църква.jpg | The belfry File:Staro Zhelezare Chitalishte.jpg | The chitalishteFile:Staro Zhelezare, Church Saint Mary 1.jpg | A winter view" ], [ "Citations" ], [ "References", "*" ] ]

[ [ "2024 French Open (badminton)" ], [ "Introduction", "The '''2024 French Open''' (officially known as the '''Yonex Internationaux de France de Badminton 2024''' for sponsorship reasons) is a badminton tournament that will take place at the Adidas Arena, Paris, France, from 5 to 10 March 2024 and has a total prize of US$850,000." ], [ "Tournament", "The 2024 French Open is the sixth tournament of the 2024 BWF World Tour and was part of the French Open championships, which had been held since 1908.This tournament was organized by the French Badminton Federation with sanction from the BWF.=== Venue ===This tournament will be held at the Adidas Arena in Paris, France.=== Point distribution ===Below is the point distribution table for each phase of the tournament based on the BWF points system for the BWF World Tour Super 750 event.", "Winner Runner-up 3/4 5/8 9/16 17/32 11,000 9,350 7,700 6,050 4,320 2,660=== Prize pool ===The total prize money is US$850,000 with the distribution of the prize money in accordance with BWF regulations.", "'''Event''' '''Winner''' '''Finalist''' '''Semi-finals''' '''Quarter-finals''' '''Last 16''' '''Last 32''' '''Singles''' $59,500 $28,900 $11,900 $4,675 $2,550 $850 '''Doubles''' $62,900 $29,750 $11,900 $5,312.5 $2,762.5 $850" ], [ "Men's singles", "=== Seeds ===# Viktor Axelsen# Shi Yuqi# Li Shifeng# Anders Antonsen# Anthony Sinisuka Ginting# Kodai Naraoka# Prannoy H. S.# Kunlavut Vitidsarn=== Finals ====== Top half ======= Section 1 ======== Section 2 ======= Bottom half ======= Section 3 ======== Section 4 ====" ], [ "Women's singles", "=== Seeds ===# An Se-young# Chen Yufei# Tai Tzu-ying# Akane Yamaguchi# Carolina Marín# He Bingjiao# Gregoria Mariska Tunjung# Han Yue=== Finals ====== Top half ======= Section 1 ======== Section 2 ======= Bottom half ======= Section 3 ======== Section 4 ====" ], [ "Men's doubles", "=== Seeds ===# Satwiksairaj Rankireddy / Chirag Shetty# Liang Weikeng / Wang Chang# Kang Min-hyuk / Seo Seung-jae# Kim Astrup / Anders Skaarup Rasmussen# Aaron Chia / Soh Wooi Yik# Takuro Hoki / Yugo Kobayashi# Fajar Alfian / Muhammad Rian Ardianto# Liu Yuchen / Ou Xuanyi=== Finals ====== Top half ======= Section 1 ======== Section 2 ======= Bottom half ======= Section 3 ======== Section 4 ====" ], [ "Women's doubles", "=== Seeds ===# Chen Qingchen / Jia Yifan# Baek Ha-na / Lee So-hee# Kim So-yeong / Kong Hee-yong# Liu Shengshu / Tan Ning# Zhang Shuxian / Zheng Yu# Nami Matsuyama / Chiharu Shida# Yuki Fukushima / Sayaka Hirota# Mayu Matsumoto / Wakana Nagahara=== Finals ====== Top half ======= Section 1 ======== Section 2 ======= Bottom half ======= Section 3 ======== Section 4 ====" ], [ "Mixed doubles", "=== Seeds ===# Zheng Siwei / Huang Yaqiong# Yuta Watanabe / Arisa Higashino# Seo Seung-jae / Chae Yoo-jung# Feng Yanzhe / Huang Dongping# Jiang Zhenbang / Wei Yaxin# Dechapol Puavaranukroh / Sapsiree Taerattanachai# Kim Won-ho / Jeong Na-eun# Tang Chun Man / Tse Ying Suet=== Finals ====== Top half ======= Section 1 ======== Section 2 ======= Bottom half ======= Section 3 ======== Section 4 ====" ], [ "References" ], [ "External links", "* Tournament link" ] ]

[ [ "Amassoma" ], [ "Introduction", "'''Amassoma''' is a community located in Ogboin North of Southern Ijaw Local Government Area in Bayelsa State, Nigeria.", "The Amananaowei of Amassoma Community, Major Graham Pele-Ebimo Naingba, JP, Oboro VII was laid to rest in January 2023.The community plays host to the Niger Delta University.", "The Bayelsa State Airport project as confirmed by Governor Henry Seriake Dickson will be situated in the community." ], [ "References" ] ]

[ [ "2016 Central American Championships in Athletics" ], [ "Introduction", "The 27th '''Central American Championships in Athletics''' were held at the Estadio Jorge \"Mágico\" González in San Salvador, El Salvador, between 17 and 19 June 2016.A total of 44 events were contested, 22 by men, 22 by women." ], [ "Medal summary", "===Men===100 metres (wind: -1.1 m/s) 10.49 10.87 10.97200 metres (wind: +1.2 m/s) 21.15 21.34 21.39400 metres 47.31 47.42 48.41800 metres 1:52.39 1:54.03 1:54.051500 metres 3:52.78 3::54.12 3:56.445000 metres 14:35.1 14:37.0 14:37.210,000 metres 30:27.33 30:33.67 31:36.24 110 metres hurdles (wind: -1.6 m/s) 14.75 14.86 14.91400 metres hurdles 51.35 51.48 52.823000 metres steeplechase 9:14.27 9:23.71 9:24.434 × 100 metres relayArturo DeliserChamar ChambersJoel LynchJuan Mosquera 41.91James BregalBrandon JonesShaun GillMark Anderson 42.13Lester EnamoradoVicente ArandaRonald BennethJoseph Norales 42.264 × 400 metres relay Emmanuel NiñoZinedine SelisGerald DrummondSherman Guity 3:12.08 Joel LynchArturo DeliserJoseph AcevedoChamar Chambers 3:17.34Juan Carlos RodríguezGeorge ErazoRené PerlaRonal Moreno 3:17.6120,000 metres track walk 1:30:59.85 1:34:32.36 1:36:58.62High jump 2.16 2.05 1.93Pole vault 4.80 4.50 4.10Long jump 7.67w 7.13 7.12Triple jump 16.22 15.34 15.31Shot put 15.10 14.39 13.61Discus throw 49.03 43.57 40.39Hammer throw 61.50 53.07 50.25Javelin throw 68.45 55.81 47.72Decathlon 6353 5958 5714" ], [ "References" ] ]

[ [ "The Black Circle (film)" ], [ "Introduction", "'''''The Black Circle''''' is a 1919 silent film directed by Frank Reicher.", "Released by the World Film Company, the story was written by Raymond C. Hill and Giles Warren.", "It starred Creighton Hale, Virginia Valli, Jack Drumier, Eva Gordon, and Carl Sauerman.", "The film was about a gang of criminals operating in rural America." ], [ "References" ], [ "External links", "*" ] ]

[ [ "Peperomia udisilvestris" ], [ "Introduction", "'''''Peperomia udisilvestris''''' is a species of epiphyte from the genus ''Peperomia''.It was first described by Casimir de Candolle and published in the book \"''Botanische Jahrbücher fur Systematik, Pflanzengeschichte und Pflanzengeographie.", "''\"." ], [ "Distribution", "It is endemic to New Guinea.", "*Indonesia**Nouvelle-Guinée*Papua New Guinea**May River" ], [ "References" ] ]

[ [ "Leonard Turcotte" ], [ "Introduction", "'''Leonard \"Len\" Turcotte''' is an American politician.", "He serves as a Republican member for the Strafford 4th district of the New Hampshire House of Representatives." ], [ "Personal Life", "Turcotte resides in Barrington, New Hampshire.", "Turcotte is married and has two children." ], [ "Political Career", "Turcotte was first elected to the New Hampshire House of Representatives in 2014.Turcotte currently serves as chairman of the Municipal and County Government Committee." ], [ "References" ] ]

[ [ "Monuments of Busto Arsizio" ], [ "Introduction", "Church of St. Anthony of Padua, detailAlthough it has been characterized in recent centuries as an essentially industrial city, Busto Arsizio counts among its most valuable buildings the numerous monuments of an ecclesiastical nature, testifying to the deep religiosity of its people.", "Of particular note are the Sanctuary of Santa Maria di Piazza, the Basilica of St. John the Baptist, and the Church of San Michele Arcangelo.As for civil architecture and industrial archaeology, due to the great economic development at the beginning of the 20th century, a number of villas and several mansions, a good number of which are in Art Nouveau and Art Deco styles, are also worth mentioning.A key element of Busto Arsizio, as of most Italian and European municipalities, is the square: there are three major squares in the historic center (Santa Maria, San Giovanni and Vittorio Emanuele II) to which can be added the central squares of the two former autonomous municipalities of Borsano and Sacconago.", "The meadows outside the embankment that surrounded the historic center of Busto Arsizio have in several cases been transformed into squares.Finally, despite being part of a densely populated area as is the Olona Conurbation and in general the Alto Milanese, there is a consistent presence of parks both just outside the historic center and in the peripheral areas." ], [ "Religious architecture", "Eighteenth-century Church of the Holy Apostles Peter and Paul (Sacconago district)At present, there are twenty-five churches, three cemeteries and several chapels in Busto Arsizio (such as the very large one at the Istituto Maria Immacolata or those at the hospital and the rest home).", "There is also the baptistery of San Filippo Neri (next to the parish church of San Giovanni) and several votive shrines.In the course of history, many churches have been torn down to be later rebuilt with greater capacity.", "Other churches, on the other hand, have been permanently demolished: among them, in addition to the medieval ruins of Santa Croce, deconsecrated in 1948 and demolished in 1972, the Borsanese church of Santa Maria dei Restagni, the Sinaghina church of San Donato and the church of Sant'Eurosia in Cascina Brughetto (demolished in 1952).In the case of Sacconago, the construction of the new church(1928) did not entail the demolition of the 18th-century church, since land belonging to the old cemetery was used for this purpose.South of Piazza Santa Maria was a monastery of the Humiliati, dedicated to St Mary Magdalene.", "Along today's Via Pozzi there was a more recent monastery of Augustinian nuns, dedicated to St Jerome and founded in the mid 15th century.", "With an act dated 13 March 1576, Cardinal Borromeo united nuns and property in the first monastery, which was dedicated to both saints.Some chapels and votive shrines have also been demolished over the years.", "One example is the small chapel of St. Alò in Vernaschella located between today's Via Silvio Pellico and the now suppressed branch of Via Confalonieri (formerly \"Vernaschella\").", "Others, however, still exist, such as the aedicule of St. Charles Borromeo.", "The same fate befell the chapel of St Ambrose in Canton Santo, not far from the church of Santa Maria di Piazza.=== Churches ===Church of Madonna in PratoSome of the churches in Busto Arsizio, in particular St John the Baptist, St Michael Archangel and St Mary of Piazza, were built before the year 1000.During the communal period, the first rectories, later called parishes, were founded.", "They entailed the presence of a priest to whom the care of souls was entrusted and who generally resided in a pre-existing church.", "Busto Arsizio was subject to the parish church of Olgiate Olona, but the community, on the basis of its growing financial resources, set up five 'curate benefices' between the 13th and 16th centuries: three at the church of San Giovanni Battista and two at that of San Michele Arcangelo, while the church of Santa Maria, located in the central square of the village, was a sanctuary, without parish duties.In 1583, St Charles Borromeo transferred the ecclesiastical dignities of the parish (i.e.", "the district) to Busto Arsizio, and the curates of St John and St Michael were elevated to the rank of canons, as coadjutors of the provost in the care of souls (Busto Arsizio was therefore formally considered a single parish).In the 17th century a new religious fervour led to the construction of new churches, such as St Gregory in Camposanto (1632), Madonna in Veroncora (1639) and St Bernardino (1665), as well as the reconstruction of the churches of St John the Baptist (1609) and St Michael Archangel (1652).", "The 18th century saw the construction of Madonna in Campagna (1702), San Rocco (1706), the old church of Sacconago (1708), the church of St Anne (1710, later the Civic Temple), and the church of St Anthony of Padua (1717, in the Borsano area).Busto remained a single parish until 1906, when San Michele was also given this function.", "Later, in 1928, Borsano and Sacconago were annexed to the municipality, bringing the number of parishes to four.", "In the course of the 20th century, the other parishes were then formed until they reached the current number of thirteen.", "This was the century in which the most churches were built (as many as eleven, to which can be added the one of the Friars Minor, actually built from 1898, but completed during that century).=== Monumental Cemetery ===Monumental cemeteryThe Monumental Cemetery is one of three cemeteries that currently exist in the Busto Arsizio area, in addition to the cemeteries of Sacconago and Borsano.", "It is located at the beginning of Via Favana, a road named after a farmstead on its route.At the end of the 19th century, the previous cemetery, located just outside the inhabited area, on the land now occupied by the \"Ugo Foscolo\" park, which had become too small, was replaced by a new and more spacious one, designed by the engineer Ercole Seves on the model of Carlo Maciachini's cemetery in Milan and inaugurated in 1894, in a place then far from the inhabited area, at the crossroads between the Via per Lonate and Via Corbetta.One of the most significant buildings is the Ottolini family mausoleum, designed by architect Camillo Crespi Balbi.Over the years, the cemetery underwent several expansions, until it covered an area approximately double that of the original one.", "In the meantime, the city has also grown and the new district built around the church of Santa Maria Regina has surrounded the area.=== Cemetery of Sacconago ===Sacconago CemeteryTowards the middle of the 18th century, when the old cemetery next to the old parish church of St Apostles Peter and Paul became inadequate, a new cemetery was built outside the historic core of the former municipality of Sacconago, in the area where the new parish church has stood since 1928.At the end of the 19th century, it was decided to move the cemetery again to an area south-west of the town centre, on Via Bienate, which connects Sacconago with the former autonomous municipality of Bienate.", "The new cemetery was designed by engineer Ercole Seves in 1898, who had already designed the Monumental Cemetery of Busto Arsizio a few years earlier.", "The first burial took place in 1908.Over the years, works were carried out to obtain an increasing number of available burial niches.Given its location in the countryside between the town centre and the new industrial area, the Sacconago cemetery is, among the three current town cemeteries, the one that most easily allows future extensions.", "Some of the surrounding land is already owned by the municipality.Among the noteworthy monuments is the Gagliardi chapel, the work of architect Silvio Gambini.=== Cemetery of Borsano ===Old entrance to the cemetery in BorsanoThe Borsano cemetery is one of three cemeteries in the city of Busto Arsizio, and is the smallest in size.", "It was probably built following the Napoleonic edict of 1804, which prohibited burials in built-up areas.", "Previously, parish priests, priests and important families were buried in the nave of the parish church.", "The other inhabitants of Borsano were buried in the adjacent cemetery.The new cemetery was built in the vicinity of the parish church, near the country church of Santa Maria dei Restagni, demolished in 1954.Following the 1928 expansion, the area almost doubled.", "The cemetery was further extended eastwards, but not northwards, due to disputes over minimum distances from houses.", "Also for this reason, an area would soon be decommissioned.On either side of the cemetery entrance, on the inner side of the fence, are the tombstones of Ermenegilda ('Gilda') Rossi (a schoolteacher in Borsano from 1858, whose plaque bears the following inscription: \"with 40 years of teaching, she spread with wise care and maternal affection the threefold love of God to Family and Country\") and of Giuseppe Usuelli (born in Menzago or Vanzago around 1826 and died in Borsano in 1894, who named his universal heirs the Stelline, the orphans of Milan, who bring him a bouquet of flowers every year on the anniversary of the deceased).In June 2008, the wide space in front of the main entrance was dedicated to Don Alessandro Bossi, a former parish priest, entrepreneur and writer.", "In 2017, the new entrance was built.=== Votive chapels and shrines ===Wayside shrine of Our Lady on Matteotti StreetChapel of Our Lady of CaravaggioExisting chapels in the area include the 18th-century one dedicated to the Madonna di Caravaggio at the junction between Via Quintino Sella and Viale della Repubblica (in which there are two canvases by Carlo Farioli from 1992 depicting the Blessed Bernardino and Giuliana from Busto) and the 19th-century one of Santa Maria Nascente in Via Daniele Crespi, near Piazza Trento e Trieste.", "The latter was originally a rural aedicule located in what is now the square.", "It was then demolished in 1802 to make way for via Daniele Crespi.", "It was rebuilt two years later, and in the years between 1862 and 1864 it was moved to its current position and then incorporated into the palace that was built around it.", "In the fresco on the wall there is a depiction of the plague, surmounted by the figure of the Virgin Mary.", "On the left accompanies her the pilgrim Saint Roch and on the right is Saint Sebastian.Among the chapels that have disappeared is the chapel of St. Alò in Vernaschella, the name of which, according to some, refers to St. Aegidius, a French bishop who lived between 590 and 660, and according to others to St. Anathalon, the first Ambrosian bishop.", "The building stood in the middle of the crossroads between today's Via Silvio Pellico (formerly 'Vernasca') and the now suppressed branch of today's Via Confalonieri (formerly 'Vernaschella').", "The chapel, the first written records of which date back to 1630, was demolished in 1914 with the promise to build another one at the crossroads of via Silvio Pellico and via Piombina (today via Venegoni), but the project was never implemented.", "The same fate befell the chapel of St Ambrose in Canton Santo.Among the votive shrines still existing in Busto Arsizio, mention can be made of the 17th-century one of San Carlo Borromeo in Via Matteotti and the 18th-century one of the Madonna in Via Matteotti (corner of Via Ariberto), restored in 1990, with a painting by Biagio Bellotti." ], [ "Villas and palaces", "Casa Custodi.", "Fresco by Carlo Grossi of Our Lady of Help, to whom the people of Busto have been devoted for centuries.Rena House, the work of Silvio Gambini now demolishedCanavesi-Bossi House in August 2015In Busto Arsizio there are Art Nouveau villas, palaces, and remnants of industrial structures built on the edge of the historic center during the period of industrial development.", "Two of the most important villas are the Ottolini-Tosi and Ottolini-Tovaglieri, in neo-medieval style, located near one of the buildings of the former Busto Arsizio Cotton Mill (now the Museum of Textiles and Industrial Tradition of Busto Arsizio), both designed by architect Camillo Crespi Balbi.Other architecturally interesting buildings are the Villa Leone, located on Via XX Settembre, and the Molini Marzoli Massari, overlooking Via Cadorna, both designed by architect Silvio Gambini in Art Nouveau style.", "Also worth mentioning are the Marliani-Cicogna palace, now the seat of the municipal library and once the residence of the Count of Busto Arsizio, and, just outside the limits of the old town, the Gilardoni palace, the current seat of the town hall and former town hospital.Some civil architecture has been lost, such as the sumptuous Villa Bossi-Gabardi on Via Mameli, designed by Duilio Torres and built after 1925.All that remained of that villa after its demolition in 1969 was the gate, which is now the Park's entrance to Art Nouveau.", "The monument inside the park is evidence of another elegant building that has been lost: the Rena house in Garibaldi Square, designed by Silvio Gambini and built between 1906 and 1907.Also lost is Antonio Ottolini's villa, on San Michele Street, by Camillo Crespi Balbi and of no less beauty than the other two, by Ernesto and Enrico Ottolini.Recently, the old buildings along Via Solferino also suffered the same fate and were demolished between August and September 2010.The same happened to the Ca' Bianca on Via Pisacane, an Art Nouveau building built in 1939 and designed by architect Silvio Gambini.Some important 18th-century buildings, on the other hand, are in a state of disrepair.", "One of them is the Custodi house, which is already listed in the land register of the 1700s along with other adjacent ones as the property of the Custodi family, which included some of the protagonists of the history of the municipality from the 16th century onward.", "In the cadastral map of 1857, a private place of worship open to public worship can be identified.", "Of that chapel, dedicated to the Blessed Virgin Mary, it is still possible to see the entrance portal in Custodi alley, surmounted by Carlo Grossi's fresco.", "Another eighteenth-century dwelling is in a state of disrepair: the Canavesi-Bossi house, known as \"il Conventino,\" whose cellars are of sixteenth-century origin.", "In the Borsano district, the Cascina Burattana, one of the last examples of the agricultural heritage of the city of Busto Arsizio, is also in a state of disrepair.In some circumstances, buildings in a state of decay have been recovered.", "One case is that of Villa Luigi Colombo on Via Manara, designed in 1906 by Silvio Gambini in Art Nouveau style.", "The restoration coincided with the gutting of the building, of which only the exterior wall on Via Manara and the two exterior walls perpendicular to it remained.", "Of the interior, it was possible to recover the helicoidal staircase decorated with wrought iron representing harmonious phytomorphic intertwining.=== Ottolini-Tosi Villa ===Ottolini-Tosi VillaThe Ottolini-Tosi villa was owned by Ernesto Ottolini, one of the three sons of Carlo Ottolini, the owner of the cotton mill of the same name.", "It is located a short distance from the other two residences that housed the family of Ernesto and Antonio Ottolini (the latter was later demolished).", "The design of the villa was drawn up by Camillo Crespi Balbi, the family's trusted architect, and the building was constructed in 1902.The villa has the shape of a medieval castle: it has two main floors above ground and one, which is a basement, intended for service rooms.", "At the southwest end there is a third floor above ground.", "The villa is dominated by a keep that constitutes a kind of guard room.Freshly hewn stone and exposed brick were used for the construction.", "The wrought irons were made by Lombard artisan Alessandro Mazzucotelli.The most valuable interior room is the hall, embellished with mosaics and a ceiling of ornate exposed beams.=== Ottolini-Tovaglieri Villa ===Ottolini-Tovaglieri VillaThe Ottolini-Tovaglieri villa was owned by Enrico Ottolini, one of the three sons of Carlo Ottolini, the owner of the cotton mill of the same name.", "It was built to a design by Camillo Crespi Balbi in front of the cotton mill he owned.", "The building, located on the inner edge of the city's historic center near the church of San Michele Arcangelo, represented a monument to the economic power of Busto Arsizio's industrial bourgeoisie.The building consists of three floors plus a basement used for cellars.", "The mezzanine floor, which rests on a plinth of large square stone blocks, is clad in roughly squared blocks arranged in rows of gradually decreasing thickness.", "The exterior is characterized by a very small green space, making the villa look like a town palace.The wrought irons, with decorations in the shape of leaves and fruits of the horse chestnut tree, are the work of Alessandro Mazzucotelli.The interior reveals a strong taste for decoration.", "The large and bright south entrance space has polychromatic floors, frescoes on the walls, and an elaborate beamed ceiling.=== Comerio Villa ===Comerio Villa.The Villa Comerio was designed by Camillo Crespi Balbi at the behest of industrialist Ercole Comerio, owner of the company of the same name.", "It was built in 1923 and stands outside the historic center of Busto Arsizio, a few meters from the park located on the area where the Comerio company once stood.", "It resembles in some aspects the other two Busto villas of the Balbi: Villa Ottolini-Tosi and Villa Ottolini-Tovaglieri.", "Since 1977 it has been owned by the municipality of Busto Arsizio.=== Leone Villa ===Leone VillaThe villa overlooks Corso XX Settembre, the road that connects the city of Busto Arsizio with the neighboring town of Castellanza.", "It was designed in Art Nouveau style by architect Silvio Gambini in 1910.The structure of the building has remained unchanged over the years, albeit with the loss of some decorative details, such as the colored eaves band.It features two raised floors and a spacious attic.", "The veranda, which juts out from the main body, is covered by a terrace of sunburst rafters and has columns with capitals decorated with bundles of roses.", "The tripartite ovoid window echoes that of Villa Ferrario on Via Palestro, also by Silvio Gambini, designed in 1903.In the center of the window is placed a roundel with the initials of the first owner of the house, Leone Edoardo.", "The facade is enlivened by projecting cornices, lesenes and profiling.Although it takes up compositional elements already used in earlier buildings, it represents a turning point in Silvio Gambini's formal path, which is evidenced by the abandonment of the rigidity of symmetry.=== Marliani-Cicogna Palace ===Marliani-Cicogna PalaceThe palace is located on the central Piazza Vittorio Emanuele II (ancient square \"dùl Conti\").Count Luigi Marliani purchased an ancient 16th-century building from the Rasini family and the part of the moat that overlooked it, to build his own residence there between 1624 and 1653 through major transformations and extensions.", "The layout was later further modified in the first half of the 18th century.", "Around 1820, the Cicogna Mozzoni family, which had obtained the property from the Gamberana counts, sold it to the municipality, which placed the municipal and district offices there, in the vicinity of the new prisons at the rear, arranged in the building designed by Francesco Croce in 1762 as a house of correction for youth and hotel for the poor.After the municipal deputation moved to the new town hall in Palazzo Gilardoni, in 1862 it was decided to repair the building to adapt it for use as a district court.", "The judicial offices were then moved to another location around 1970, while the Civic Library had moved there in the 1950s.", "Today it is home to the municipal library and the Civic Art Collections.A war memorial was placed in the center of the Vittorio Emanuele II Square in front of it in 1958, which was dismantled on August 23, 2010 and then moved to Trento and Trieste Square.", "It was planned to restore the buildings in Vittorio Emanuele II Square by 2012, with the construction of an underground parking garage.=== Gilardoni Palace ===Gilardoni PalaceLocated just outside the limits of the old town, it was built in the mid-nineteenth century to the design of architect Pietro Gilardoni and opened from 1853 under the name San Giuseppe Hospital.Busto Arsizio had needed a hospital for years.", "Canons Benedetto Ladriani and Biagio Bellotti had bequeathed, in their wills of 1729 and 1784 respectively, substantial sums of money to the religious confraternity called the \"School of the Poor.\"", "The second sum remained pending until 1821, when it was disbursed by the canon's descendants with the condition that a city hospital be built.", "Pietro Gilardoni, a pupil of the Austrian architect Leopoldo Pollack (author of the Royal Villa in Milan), was then commissioned.", "The hospital was expanded at first in 1875 and later in 1903, again due to a lack of beds, which increased from the initial 30 to 60 in the early 20th century.", "In 1905 construction of the new hospital began on a large plot of land north of the city.=== Villino Dircea Gambini ===Located between the historic center and Busto Arsizio station, exactly at 29 Goffredo Mameli Street, this building was the home of architect Silvio Gambini, who was also its designer.", "Built in 1921, the villa was named after Dircea Pedrazzini, the architect's wife.", "It is a three-story brick building with an ashlar base.", "It has decorations around the windows and in a tall cornice on the second floor.=== Nicora-Colombo Villa ===Nicora-Colombo VillaLocated on Goffredo Mameli Street, it was built in 1911 and designed by architect Silvio Gambini.", "It is an Art Nouveau building with an L-shaped plan built for entrepreneur Giovanni Nicora near his company's facilities.", "It features a prominent portico, supported by five columns and topped by a terrace with a concrete and wrought-iron balustrade.", "One of these columns is found in the small balcony located on the second floor in the southwest corner, decorated with geometric ornamental motifs that are repeated above all the windows (along with lion heads) and in the portico.At the height of the ground-floor windows is a frame with floral motifs that divides the upper, smooth-plastered part of the villa from the lower, rustic-plastered part.", "A ribbon with stylized motifs connects the first-floor cymatiums.=== Casa Colombo ===Casa ColomboIt was designed as the private residence of Luigi Colombo, an industrialist and owner of the weaving mill of the same name, and built in 1915 to a design by architect Silvio Gambini.", "The building is a three-story house in Art Nouveau style.", "The west façade, facing the street, is marked by different materials and decorations that alternate from the bottom to the top: on the ground floor is a band of banded stone, as high as the windows, which once connected to the now-demolished boundary wall.", "This band is topped by a second one with smooth plaster overlaid with a ribbon decoration that connects all the first-floor windows to the centerline: it is made of concrete grit decorated with horse chestnut leaves.", "Continuing upward there is an area of exposed brickwork that reaches to the mezzanine of the second-floor windows, where it breaks off, leaving space for a new band of smooth plaster.=== Casa Castiglioni ===Casa CastiglioniIt is an Art Nouveau building located in Garibaldi Square and designed by architect Silvio Gambini in 1907.It is a three-story building.", "The facade has four lesenes that define three blocks vertically: a central, wider one where the entrance is located and two lateral blocks that are symmetrical to each other.", "There is also a fourth block located on the right side of the facade that connects the inner courtyard to the square in front.The entire facade is richly decorated with plant figures: fruit bunches, chestnut leaves, horse chestnut branches, eagles in the window cymatiums, and ribbons.", "These Art Nouveau decorations are inspired by those of the Palazzo Castiglioni in Milan, the work of Giuseppe Sommaruga, with whom Gambini formed close ties.", "Complementing the decorative layout of the facade are fine wrought irons made by Alessandro Mazzucotelli in the parapets of the central balcony and the loggia of the side block, as well as in the interior gate.On the facade, the second floor is visually separated from the first by a projecting linear stringcourse band, while a second band decorated with relief elements depicting natural elements and ribbons runs between the second-floor windows.", "The roof is concealed by a parapet interspersed with pilasters that sit above the four lesenes." ], [ "Industrial archaeology", "Domodossola-Milan railway and the Milan-Gallarate tramwayAs a result of industrial development since the mid-nineteenth century, Busto Arsizio retains a number of disused historic industrial buildings of interest to industrial archaeology, for which plans have been initiated to restore them:*Busto Cotton Mill (founded in 1887 and closed in 1978), purchased by the municipality in 1980 and now the Busto Arsizio Museum of Textiles and Industrial Tradition*Borri shoe factory (founded in 1892, purchased by the municipality in 2001 and awaiting a recovery project).", "*Molini Marzoli Massari (built in the period 1906-1926 in Art Nouveau style, with sober floral decorations, by architect Silvio Gambini for the ''Società Anonima Molini Marzoli Massari'').", "It was a large wheat milling plant, designed for a potential of 500 quintals per day and facing the railroad before it was moved.", "The plant ceased operation in 1975, but was not demolished because of its historical and artistic interest.", "It was purchased by the municipality in 1985, and since April 15, 2000, it has housed the municipal cultural center and the headquarters of the University of Insubria (for the health biology degree program of the Faculty of Mathematical, Physical and Natural Sciences).", "*Giovanni Milani Cotton Mill (founded in 1870, built between 1880 and 1920s, closed in the 1960s and demolished in 2004) and on whose area a public park has been created that preserves the two chimneys and the portal.", "*Lissoni & Castiglioni weaving mill, now used as a commercial facility.", "*Ercole Bossi cotton mill (built before 1875), now ACLI headquarters.", "*Crespi Lombardo-Veneto cotton mill (from 1914), now bank headquarters.", "*Venzaghi cotton mill (1906), now divided into smaller companies.", "*Enrico Candiani cotton mill (1907), home since 1970 to another manufacturing facility.Other buildings, such as the Manifattura Tosi building located at the northeast corner of Viale della Gloria and Via XX Settembre, have been demolished.=== Cotonificio Bustese ===Cotonificio BusteseThe Museum of Textiles and Industrial Tradition, located just outside the historic center, was established on January 30, 1997, and has on display textile machinery and finished products (from traditional fibers to new synthetic fibers) from the period from the 19th century to the present.The museum has been awarded the quality mark for its services by the Lombardy Region.", "The building in which the museum is set up was the site of the new spinning mill of Carlo Ottolini's former Bustese cotton mill, purchased by the municipality in 1980.=== Molini Marzoli Massari ===Molini Marzoli MassariThe Marzoli Massari mills, located along Viale Cadorna, in an area where the railway line once passed, date from 1906-1907, when they were built by engineer Guazzoni.", "Later, by the Busto architect Silvio Gambini, some of the buildings that made up the complex were demolished, others were modified and new ones were built in an Art Nouveau style typical of Gambini.", "Work ended in 1927, when this first and only wheat mill in Busto Arsizio went into operation.The mill closed its doors in the 1960s, and in 1985 the complex was purchased by the Municipality of Busto Arsizio, which, after a restoration in 2000, established there the Lombard Science and Technology Pole, the Cotton Textile Center, a conference hall, various facilities for the Faculty of Biology of the University of Insubria and some municipal offices.Today the complex is known as Tecnocity - Molini Marzoli Massari.=== Calzaturificio Borri ===Calzaturificio BorriThe Calzaturificio Borri factory is located on Viale Duca d'Aosta.", "At the time of the construction of the shoe factory designed by architect Camillo Crespi Balbi, the avenue was the site of a section of the Domodossola-Milan railway, which allowed direct access to rail transport.The building, which echoes the typical modes of Lombard architectural eclecticism of the early 20th century, has a symmetrical \"C\"-shaped plan and is made of exposed brick.", "Behind this body of the facade are the warehouses where the company's various stages of production took place.", "The offices were located in a villa outside the main building.After the company closed in 1990, the building remained in a state of neglect.", "In 2001 it was purchased by the municipality of Busto Arsizio for the sum of 8 billion liras." ], [ "Cinemas and theaters", "Cinema Teatro SocialeThe Teatro Sociale, the most historic theater in the city of Busto Arsizio, whose construction work ended in 1891, was erected by Countess Carolina Candiani in Durini to fulfill the last wishes of her father, the knight Giovanni Candiani.", "During the 1940s, on the initiative of the parish of San Michele Arcangelo, the Alessandro Manzoni theater was built, renovated in 1971 and brought up to standard in 1996.In 1948 was built, in the district of Sacconago, the Lux theater, intended to host a philodramatic company.", "The district of Borsano also has its own theater: the Aurora cinema, built in 1969 at the behest of the then parish priest Don Ferdinando Oleari.", "On the initiative of the parish of Sant'Edoardo, between 1951 and 1953, the San Giovanni Bosco cinema was built near the oratory, declared unfit for use in 1993 and reopened in 1998.It is one of the most active theaters in the city, both in the theatrical and film aspects with its historic film club, supported and animated by a close-knit group of volunteers.", "It has two stable companies, \"''Gli Antagonisti'',\" operating in the comedy and experimental genre, and \"''L'Aquilone'',\" operating mainly in the field of musicals.", "Opened in 1997, the Cinema Teatro Fratello Sole, at 1 Via Massimo D'Azeglio, is the last theater built in Busto Arsizio.", "The building that housed this last theater was erected to the design of engineers Leopoldo Candiani and Eugenio Villoresi and was inaugurated on November 24, 1898 as the \"Catholic Associations Theater.\"", "After modifications in 1946 designed by engineer Prandina, the theater was opened again in 1947 under the name \"''Nuovo''.", "\"Among the closed cinemas, mention should be made of the Pozzi on Via Bramante (built in 1930 to a design by engineer Ettore Allemandi and closed in the 1980s) and the Oscar on Via Cavallotti (built in 1953-54 and closed in 2006), which shared the largest box office after World War II and managed to hold their own against competition from television until the 1960s, but also the Cinema Italia on Via Ugo Foscolo, the Cinema Castelli on Via Milano, and the Cinema Mignon (built in 1898 under the name \"''Teatro delle Associazioni Cattoliche''\" by engineers Leopoldo Candiani and Eugenio Villoresi, profoundly modified in 1946 by engineer Prandina and renamed \"''Cinema Nuovo''\")." ], [ "Farmsteads", "Cascina dei PoveriIn the history of Busto Arsizio, agricultural activity has played a secondary role due to the low productivity of the land and its permeability.", "Since the early 18th century most of the land was owned by large landowners who left the management of the land to farmers.", "Next to these large estates were the smallholders whose lands, usually less productive, bore little fruit, so much so that peasants were forced to supplement their earnings by working for the larger landowners or working on the loom.", "There were, however, widely present in the area farmsteads that today appear mostly abandoned: these were modestly sized buildings with a courtyard, a barn, a porch for sheltering wagons and tools, a stable, a granary, and the living quarters of the farmer's family and/or his workers.", "An exception, due to its complexity, is the Cascina dei Poveri, located in the northernmost area of the municipality.Among the other farmsteads (there are a total of 113), some of which are still inhabited or converted into farmhouses, the main ones are Cascina Burattana, Cascina Borghetto, Cascina Favana (pre-1772), Cascina Formaggiana, Cascina Malavita (later Ama la Vita), Cascina Speranza (pre-1857) and Cascina Calcaterra, post-1920." ], [ "Squares and streets", "Piazza Volontari della LibertàWith the phrase \"''squares are par excellence the birthplace and gathering place of Western civilization'',\" the then councillor for Public Works, Claudio Fantinati, inaugurated in 2004 the new décor of Piazza Toselli in the Borsano district.Historically, there are three main squares that were located within the town of Busto Arsizio: the oldest and most important one, of St. Mary's, which is overlooked by the valuable Busto basilica; the square of St. John the Baptist (which arose in the area of the old cemetery); and the one today dedicated to Victor Emmanuel II, in front of the then home of the counts of Busto Arsizio, the Marliani-Cicogna Palace.To these, it is possible to add the two main squares of the former autonomous municipalities of Sacconago and Borsano, now southern districts of Busto Arsizio, which are respectively the Church Square (together with the adjoining Carlo Noè Square) and Gallarini Square (overlooked by the district's parish church).After the industrial revolution, when the expansion of the city beyond the boundaries of the old suburb began, some of the lawns in front of the embankment that surrounded Busto Arsizio were transformed into squares.", "This is the case with Piazza San Michele (the old meadow on which the church of Madonna in Prato was built), Piazza Manzoni, Piazza Garibaldi (meadow of Porta Basilica), and Piazza Trento e Trieste.More recently, Piazza Volontari della Libertà, which houses the new Ferrovie dello Stato (State Railways) station after the old location was moved to the current Viale duca d'Aosta, has also gained importance.=== Piazza Santa Maria ===This is the city's most important and central square, in which converged the four contrade into which the ancient town of Busto Arsizio was divided.", "On the north side of the square are the sanctuary of Santa Maria di Piazza, the 14th-century church of St. Anthony Abbot and their shared bell tower.", "A pool for watering animals was also located in the center of the square.", "South of the square was the Beccaria, where animals were slaughtered.", "The building, probably from the late Middle Ages, jutted out toward the square and was entirely arcaded, as is also shown on the Teresian cadastre map.", "In the early nineteenth century this building was rebuilt and enlarged to make a theater, which opened in 1811.It was again demolished in 1933.On the other side of the incipient Via Bramante is the Rauli house, with its turret.", "Further south, the little Piazzetta Bramante (formerly Piazzetta Pretura) extended, from which the monastery of St. Mary Magdalene and St. Jerome was accessed.", "On the west side, the old Contrada del Mercato was widened and named Via Felice Cavallotti: with the opening of the Corso Europa, it connected Piazza Santa Maria with Piazza Manzoni.", "North of that street, where Arturo Tosi's birth house was located, the Santa Maria apartment building was built in the late 1960s, designed by Mario Bondioli and Ercole Lana.=== Piazza San Giovanni ===Piazza san Giovanni with the Basilica and the Piccolo Credito BusteseIt is one of three squares located in the historic center.", "It rises east of Santa Maria Square, to which it is connected by St. Anthony and Cavour Streets, which run parallel to each other.", "The eastern side of the square is entirely occupied by the Basilica of St. John the Baptist.", "Between the Basilica and Tettamanti Street is the Baptistery of San Filippo Neri.", "On the other side of Via Tettamanti faces what was once the Piccolo Credito Bustese, which occupies almost the entire northern side of the square, reaching as far as Via Solferino.", "Construction began in 1909 and ended the following year.", "On the other sides stand historic buildings, some of which were restored in the 2000s, such as Palazzo Volonterio, which is located on the southern side.", "The square is connected to three other important city squares: Via Milano connects it to Piazza Garibaldi, Via Tettamanti Monsignor Giuseppe to Piazza Vittorio Emanuele II, and Via Cavour and Via Sant'Antonio connect it to Piazza Santa Maria.", "Toward the south, where the Rauli alley once stood, Cardinal Tosi street was opened.=== Piazza Vittorio Emanuele II ===Piazza Vittorio Emanuele IIIt is the square that stood in front of Palazzo Marliani-Cicogna, feudal lords of the County of Busto Arsizio.", "Formerly it was called Piazza Giustizia and even earlier Piazza del Conte.", "It was connected to the town by two roads that led, the first, to Piazza San Giovanni and the Basega (basilica) district, and the second to the Gate of the Three Kings and the Pessina (pool) and Sciornago districts.", "In 1861, Via Pozzi was opened, heading to today's Piazza Garibaldi.", "In 1899, following the construction of the Carducci schools (now the Daniele Crespi classical high school), a new street parallel to Via Pozzi was made to lead to the Piazza del Conte, which in the meantime had assumed its present name.", "For a number of years the square hosted the war memorial created by sculptor Enrico Manfrini, before it was moved to Piazza Trento e Trieste.", "Piazza Vittorio Emanuele II is overlooked by the municipal library and the Civic Art Collections, both of which occupy some of the spaces of Palazzo Marliani-Cicogna, as well as a number of residences that in some cases date back to the 18th century.", "On the southern side of the square, in an area that extends to Via Solferino, nine apartment buildings with apartments and stores are under construction.=== Piazza San Michele ===Piazza San MicheleThis is the square located on the northwestern edge of the historic center, where a Lombard fortification that defended the old village once stood.", "It is overlooked on the southern side by the Priory Church of San Michele Arcangelo and on the northern side by the town's tallest palace, built in the early 1960s on the land where the estate of the Durini counts once stood.", "The square underwent major redevelopment in the last years of the last century: the central island was joined to the parish site, allowing cars to circulate no longer as in a traffic circle, but only between the pedestrian area and the high-rise building.", "The fountain was also completely redone.", "Not far from the apartment building, in what was the meadow that extended outside the embankment that occupied the square, right in the middle of the two roads that connected Busto Arsizio with Gallarate and Verghera, stands the Church of Madonna in Prato.", "A few meters from the square stands the park of the Museum of Textiles and Industrial Tradition of Busto Arsizio.", "Piazza san Michele is contiguous with Piazza Manzoni and Piazzetta Don Pio Chieppi, which is overlooked by the San Michele Arcangelo Museum of Sacred Art.=== Piazza Manzoni ===Manzoni Square as seen from the bell tower of San MicheleManzoni Square with the Milan-Gallarate TramwayIt is an elongated square, open to vehicular traffic, along which some noteworthy buildings face each other.", "These include, firstly, Villa Pozzi, which now houses the Guardia di Finanza barracks, built in 1905 by architect Silvio Gambini for Pasquale Pozzi's son, Ercole, owner of a Busto manufacturing industry as well as the first president of the Piccolo Credito Bustese, who would live there with his wife Carolina Bellingardi and their four children.", "Secondly, the 1903 Manzoni Schools, by architect Camillo Crespi Balbi, and the apse of the church of San Michele Arcangelo are worth mentioning.", "Two of the four city gates, Pessina (at present-day Via Giacomo Matteotti) and Savico (at present-day Via Giuseppe Lualdi), were located on the square, which was formerly called Piazza della Fiera.", "Until 1951 the Milan-Gallarate tramway ran through the center of the square.", "In the past, today's Piazza Manzoni housed the moat that surrounded the walls of the town of Busto Arsizio, filled with water from the detour of the Tenore stream.", "In the southern part of the square stood a farmstead, the Ciama, from which a fresco, the work of an unknown artist and dating from the 18th century, was detached in 1966 to be preserved in Palazzo Marliani-Cicogna.=== Piazza Garibaldi ===The fountain in Garibaldi Square.", "In the background is the building where the Rena house once stood.Garibaldi Square with the Stoppa bar in the foreground on the left and the Candiani house on the rightIt is located just outside the eastern limits of the old town, occupying what was once the meadow of Porta Basilica.", "The square houses a fountain, created in 1966 by Busto sculptor Giuseppe Rebesco to celebrate the centenary of Busto Arsizio's elevation to city status.", "The fountain features three Alzo granite tiles depicting three typical Busto values: work, family and faith.", "On June 24, 2005, the day on which the city's patron saint, St. John the Baptist, is celebrated, the fountain was inaugurated after restoration work on it.", "These works were completed on the occasion of the 140th anniversary of the city's elevation.", "During these works, flower beds were also rearranged and spotlights were installed to illuminate the square at night, as well as surveillance cameras.", "In the past, instead of the fountain, the center of the square was occupied by the statue of the Winged Glory, created by the Milanese sculptor Orazio Costante Grossoni and inaugurated on June 21, 1927, in the presence of King Victor Emmanuel III.", "This monument lasted only 15 years, as its 60 quintals of bronze were melted down and used for war purposes.", "On the western side of the square, south of Via Milano, the Rena House, designed by Silvio Gambini, was built in 1906.After demolition, some of the ornaments were moved to Via Mameli, in the Alpini Park.", "Also on the western side but north of Via Milano, where the Quartiere degli Affari apartment building, designed by architect Paolo Candiani and built between 1955 and 1958, now stands, were two lower buildings.", "On the southern side of the square still stands the Castiglioni House.", "On the eastern side, to the south of Via Milano is the Marinoni building and to the north is the Candiani block, which existed as early as the mid-19th century and was renovated in 1898 by engineer Guazzoni.", "North of the square was the Candiani villa, later demolished.", "From this square starts Via XX Settembre, a continuation of Via Milano, in which the Gamba de Legn had its headquarters and which reaches as far as Corso Sempione in the Buon Gesù locality.=== Piazza Trento e Trieste ===De Amicis schools, Edoardo Gabardi house and railing of the Tosi-Brunetto villa.The war memorial placed today in Trento and Trieste squareAs can be seen in the Teresian Cadastre, the present square corresponds to an area used as a meadow just outside the boundary of the old town, in the southeastern area, crossed diagonally by a road.", "Via Daniele Crespi connects this square with Piazza Garibaldi.", "After the construction of the Sant'Anna kindergarten in 1859, the present square was named \"Prato dell'Asilo.\"", "In 1896 it was named after the Busto painter Giuseppe Bossi.", "It was then called Giosuè Carducci Square from 1907 to 1909, when it assumed its present name.", "Overlooking the area is the church of San Gregorio Magno in Camposanto, erected beginning in 1632.To the east are the former Edmondo de Amicis Schools, now the detached headquarters of the Daniele Crespi High School and former headquarters of the Black Brigade.", "There, in fact, many partisans were imprisoned and tortured, including Angioletto Castiglioni.", "In the southern part of the square once stood the Sciarina farmstead, demolished in the early 20th century to be replaced by the neo-Renaissance-style villa of businessman Alessandro Tosi, later inhabited by his daughter and her husband, Dr. Brunetto.", "The villa, designed by architect Camillo Crespi Balbi was demolished in the 1950s to build the present apartment building (which houses the Rebesco bookstore), designed by engineer Aldo Tosi, with the collaboration of Prof. Franco Poggi.", "In the corner of the square between the latter two buildings, Edoardo Gabardi's 1914 villa with its characteristic turret still stands.", "The Milan-Gallarate tramway crossed the square diagonally from Via Daniele Crespi to Via Mazzini.", "The War Memorial, which until 2010 stood in Piazza Vittorio Emanuele II, was moved to the central flowerbed in 2011.This monument, created in 1958 by artist Enrico Manfrini, consists of two concrete steles covered with pink granite slabs containing three falling naked men.", "On the outer side of the steles are carved, on the one hand, the ideals that led to the sacrifice and, on the other, the values of the city: family (represented by a mother with two children, one of whom is being breastfed), work, and faith (represented by the Sanctuary of Santa Maria di Piazza).", "At the base of the monument is the inscription:=== Piazza Volontari della Libertà ===Palazzo Frangi, at the corner of Goffredo Mameli Street (right in the image) and Volunteers of Liberty SquareThis is the square that welcomes commuters and travelers arriving in Busto Arsizio from the State Railways station, inaugurated by Benito Mussolini on October 26, 1924, which faces one side of the square.", "Opposite the station is an eight-story apartment building that stands on the area that was to have been occupied by the Frangi Palace, designed by architect Silvio Gambini, of which only the northwesternmost part, at the corner with Via Mameli, was built due to disputes between the owners of the land affected by the project.", "This building, dating from 1926, was intended to be the calling card for people getting off the train and, exiting the station, finding themselves in Piazza Volontari della Libertà.", "The house was erected in the neo-eclectic style, carefully maintained in the ornaments and wrought irons of the ground-floor windows and top-floor balconies.", "In the center of the square is the bronze and granite equestrian monument dedicated to Enrico dell'Acqua, a Busto industrialist who pioneered cotton exports to Latin America, created by Enrico Saroldi and Amedeo Fontana.", "Surrounding the central figure depicting Enrico dell'Acqua on horseback is a group of bronze statues symbolizing the Textile Industry, Trade, Production, the Lookout and the New Dawn.", "The granite block plinth measures 14.7 m × 14.3 m, while the total height of the monument is 9.3 m (4.8 m plinth and 4.5 m bronze statue).", "Through the Enrico dell'Acqua association and the intervention of the province of Varese at the time chaired by Marco Reguzzoni from Busto, the statue and plinth were restored in 2007.=== Viale della Gloria ===The tracks and villa of the Dell'Acqua-Lissoni-Castiglioni Cotton Mill overlooking the then Via G. Verdi, which also became Viale della GloriaSan Carlo wayside shrine in Matteotti streetCurrently named (depending on the section) after Armando Diaz, the Duke of Aosta, Luigi Cadorna and Giuseppe Borri, it was the avenue that ran from the Cinque Ponti area to the southeastern border with Castellanza.", "From 1860 to 1924 the avenue was the site of the Domodossola-Milan railway line.=== Via Mameli ===This street connects Piazza Garibaldi, east of the city center, with Piazza Volontari della Libertà, where the FF.SS.", "station is located.", "Until the 1920s it was called by its dialectal name, ''strà Garotola'' (from ''garro'', stony riverbed).", "It started from the meadow of Porta Basilica together with the road to Olzate (Olgiate Olona), of which it was a detour at what is now Via Pisacane, and reached the bank of the Olona.", "It became the main axis of the city's expansion when the present station was built.", "Numerous villas stand today on Via Mameli, and where the most monumental of them, Villa Bossi-Gabardi, was located is the Parco degli Alpini.=== Via Giacomo Matteotti ===It was the road that ran through the old Pessina district from the Santa Maria square (where the large pool, from which the road takes its name, was located) to the ancient Pessina gate, to the west, overlooking what is now Manzoni Square.", "Several buildings from different eras stand on this street, such as the 18th-century Conventino (the name by which the Canavesi-Bossi house is better known) whose cellars date back to the 15th century.", "The shrine of St. Charles Borromeo and, on the corner with Via Ariberto, Biagio Bellotti's 18th-century fresco depicting Our Lady of Sorrows are also located here.", "In the 19th century it was named Corsia Ticino.", "From the last year of the century until 1944 it was called Via Principessa Elena when, for a short time it was Via Ettore Muti.", "In 1945 it assumed its present name." ], [ "Natural areas", "Ugo Foscolo ParkParco degli Alpini=== Parco Ugo Foscolo ===It stands on the area once occupied by the old city cemetery, built when the former cemetery grounds of the churches of St. Michael and St. John had become insufficient.", "Inside the park is the monument to the veterans of the patriotic battles, inaugurated in 1909.Consisting of two Doric columns with a short entablature, it was designed by engineer Luigi Carlo Cornelli and made by sculptors Giulio Cassani and Enrico Sirtori.=== Parco dell'Alto Milanese ===The Alto Milanese Park, which covers the municipal territories of Castellanza and Legnano and the southern part of the one of Busto Arsizio, occupied by wooded and rural areas.", "The park protects local flora and fauna and traditional activities in agriculture and animal husbandry.The park's headquarters is located in the Ottolini-Tosi villa in Busto Arsizio.=== Parco degli Alpini ===Alpini Park, located on Mameli Street, houses an Art Nouveau monument, made with decorative elements from Casa Rena, an Art Nouveau building in Garibaldi Square designed by Silvio Gambini (1906-1907).", "The entrance gate to the park is from the demolished Villa Bossi-Gabardi (built in 1925), which stood on the park area until the 1970s.", "This villa was built in 1925, by architect Duilio Torres and engineer Piero Tosi, with a facade developed on sloping planes and enriched by soft decorations, as well as by the rusticated light-colored stonework that covered much of the building.=== Parco Comerio ===Inaugurated in 2005, it stands in the area of the former Ercole Comerio factory in the San Michele district, adjacent to the Villa Comerio.", "Inside the park are a pond, a bar and an area with games for children.", "The factory located there was the site of a fascist raid on January 19, 1944.Seven workers were arrested, guilty of fomenting a strike.", "Only Melchiorre Comerio, brother of the company owner, would be released.", "The others would be deported to the Mauthausen concentration camp.===Parco per la Vita===Located in the San Giuseppe district, right in front of the church of the same name, is the Park for Life, otherwise known as Stelvio Avenue Park, because of its location.", "The other street bordering the park is Marmolada Street, which once formed the bed of the Tenore stream.Every year, the traditional patronal festival of St. Joseph, organized by the \"Friends of St. Joseph\" association, takes place in that park.", "It consists of fifteen days of music, food, performances and prayers." ], [ "See also", "* Busto Arsizio" ], [ "References" ], [ "Bibliography", "* * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * *" ] ]

[ [ "Ould Meydou" ], [ "Introduction", "'''Mohamed Abderrahmane Ould Meydou''', also known as '''Ould Meydou''', is a Malian general who participated in the Tuareg rebellion of 2007 to 2009 and the Mali War.", "Meydou has also served as the governor of Taoudénit Region since 2017." ], [ "Biography", "Meydou was born in Gao, Mali, and derives from the Lemhar Arab community from the Tilemsi desert.", "He joined the Joint Military School in Koulikoro in 1996.Between 1997 and 1998, he served as the commander of the 3rd military region that included Kati.", "As a colonel during the Tuareg rebellion of 2007 to 2009, he fought in the battle of Nampala.", "Between 2008 and 2009, he served as the head of a militia consisting of Arabs and Tuaregs that fought against Ibrahim Ag Bahanga.When the Tuareg rebellion broke out in 2012, Meydou was a colonel-major.", "He asked for the release of drug trafficker Mohamed Ould Awainat to help recruit fighters from Arab communities.", "He attempted to break the siege of the Aguelhok garrison, but fell into an ambush near In Emsal and was forced to retreat.", "He also attempted to help Malian forces at Tessalit, but failed.From 2013 to 2017, Meydou served as a commissioner at the Malian Truth and Reconciliation Commission.", "On September 18, 2013, he was promoted to brigadier general by Ibrahim Boubacar Keïta.", "He escaped an assassination attempt from al-Mourabitoun in Bamako on January 26, 2015, but survived albeit injured.", "On June 7, 2017, Meydou was appointed to governor of the Taoudénit Region with a residence in Timbuktu.", "He was appointed major-general on September 20, 2018.Protests erupted against Meydou's rule of Taoudenit in 2021, but were met with counter-protests in favor of his rule.", "Malian civil society groups denounced Meydou in the wake of the protests, stating that he gave jobs to family members and did not represent the civilian population.", "During the offensive by the Coordination of Azawad Movements against the Malian government in September 2023, Meydou called for dialogue as the only way forward between Mali and the CMA." ], [ "References" ] ]

[ [ "Kosher Bread Stamp" ], [ "Introduction", "The ''''Kosher Bread Stamp'''' is an ancient stamp that dates back to the 5th century AD." ], [ "Discovery", "The Israel Antiquities Authority stamp during excavations at Horbat Uza." ], [ "The Stamp", "The Ceramic Stamp is engraved with a seven-branched Temple menorah at its narrow base.", "A number of Greek letters and a dot are engraved around a circle and on the end of the handle." ], [ "Usage", "The artifact was used to identify Kosher goods and likely belonged to a bakery that supplied Jewish People in Acre.", "\"Launtius\" was possibly name of the baker." ], [ "See Also", "* Byzantine Period* Governor of Jerusalem Seal* Shema Seal" ], [ "References" ], [ "Bibliography", "* https://www.biblicalarchaeology.org/daily/news/early-jewish-bread-stamp-found-near-akko/* https://miekezilverberg.com/jewish-bread-stamp/" ] ]

[ [ "Selahattin Beyazıt" ], [ "Introduction", "'''Selahattin Beyazıt''' (1931–2022) was a Turkish businessman of Kurdish origin.", "He is known for his role as president of the Turkish football club Galatasaray which he held two terms from 1969 to 1973 and from 1975 to 1979." ], [ "Early life and education", "He was born in Doğubayazıt, Ağrı, on 5 July 1931.His grandfather, Ibrahim Aga, was the chief of a Kurd tribe who participated in the Kurdish rebellion in Ağrı in 1926.Ibrahim Aga was forced to exile due to this incident.", "Beyazıt's father, Mehmet, settled in Istanbul where he had business activities.Beyazıt graduated from Galatasaray High School in 1950.He had a degree from Cambridge University.", "During his studies at Cambridge he became a member of a Mason Lodge and the Bilderberg Group through his close relationship with Lord Brabazon of Tara." ], [ "Career and activities", "During the Democrat Party government in the 1950s Beyazıt briefly served as the private secretary of Prime Minister Adnan Menderes.", "Beyazıt was the representative of the British companies, Leyland Trucks and Shell.", "He later established his own company.", "He was the third highest tax payer in Turkey.", "He was appointed chairman of Turk Pirelli Company in 2004 succeeding Bülent Eczacıbaşı in the post.", "Beyazıt was the representative of Turkey to the Bilderberg Group between 1972 and 1992.He was the organizer of the Group's meeting in Çeşme in 1975.He was succeeded by Suna Kıraç in the post.===Galatasaray presidency===Beyazıt was elected as the president of Galatasaray in 1969 and held the post until 1973.He was again elected to the post in 1975, and his term ended in 1979.During his presidency Galatasaray won three league cups with the British manager Brian Birch." ], [ "Death", "Beyazıt was married and had a son.", "He died in Istanbul on 21 January 2022." ], [ "References" ] ]

[ [ "Khanate of Karganrud" ], [ "Introduction", "The '''Khanate of Kargan-Rud''' (), also known as '''Karganrud or Korganrud,''' was the largest and northernmost of the Khamsa of Talish ()." ], [ "History", "=== Origins and Establishment ===Mir Mostafa Khan's descendants claimed the Karganrud dynasty was descended from a certain Mirakhur (master of the horse), who served Mir Mostafa Khan.", "In contrast, the Khans of Karganrud traced their descent from the Ashik Harazur, a clan of Georgian or Armenian origin.", "They argued that their ancestors had controlled the district since the 15th century.After the Russo-Iranian War, in order to weaken the power of Mir Mostafa Khan, Fath 'Ali Shah divided Persian Talish and distributed it among five local families (Karganrud, Asalem, Talesh Dulab, Shandarmin, and Masal), thus creating the Khamsa of Talish.", "He gave each of them khans and they were all charged with protecting the frontier against Mir Mostafa Khan's incursions.", "They were placed under the administration of Gilan instead of Azerbaijan, the khans of Karganrud and Asalem fearing conflict with the khans of Namin.=== Continued Fratricide ===H.", "L. Rabino gives the following description of the Karganrud family:''\"The latter history of the Khans of Karganrud is one of murder, rapine, and oppression.", "Fratricide was common amongst them, and down to 50 years ago few of them died a natural death.", "\"''At the time of James Fraser's visit to the region in 1822, Bala Khan was the ruler of Karganrud.", "He reigned until 1848, when he was murdered by his nephew.", "Bala Khan's son, Farajollah Khan Sartip, replaced him.", "Farajollah Khan Sartip reigned from 1848 to 1865, when he was murdered by his brother.", "The Shah sentenced the murderer and four of his brothers to death, and Habibullah Khan succeeded his father as khan.", "In 1867-68, Habibullah Khan was succeeded by Nosratollah Khan 'Amid al-Soltaneh, also known by his honorific of Sardar Amjad.", "Sardar Amjad built two huge palaces, one in Rik and the other in Aq Evlar.", "They were well-built brickworks with two stories, semicircle arches, and windows.", "=== During the Constitutional Revolution ===The Khans of Karganrud reacted negatively to the Persian Constitutional Revolution.", "Sardar Amjad's son, Arfa' al-Soltaneh, a principal landowner, oppressed those supporting the Constitutionalists.", "He arrested many peasants - including women and young children, who had supported the movement, and confiscated their property, declaring \"Anyone who speaks of anjumans and the Constitution will have his mouth sewn.\"", "In the summer of 1906, many people complained of oppression to the Anzali anjoman.", "Members of the anjoman visited Karganrud to verify their claims.", "Shortly after their visit, Arfa' al-Soltaneh began to harass the peasantry.", "However, the people fought back and rose against Arfa' al-Soltaneh and Sardar Amjad, burned their property, and forced them to flee, taking control of the district by the summer of 1907.Hasan 'Ali Khan, a government official sent to crush the rebellion, stated that the conflict killed 50 to 60 people, and that the bureau of the Russian Stephan Lianozov was ransacked.", "The magnificent palaces Sardar Amjad built were destroyed in the process and remained ruined until the reign of Mohammad Reza Shah.", "In September 1908, Sardar Amjad and the governor of Gilan, Sardar Afkham, made an attempt to reconquer Talish with a force 1,000 infantry and cavalry, in addition to 2 cannons.", "The soldiers suffered from low morale, and after a march of 6 weeks were thoroughly beaten back by the locals using guerrilla warfare.", "One soldier remarked \"''We saw no one, but a hundred bullets rained on us''\".", "In February 1909, Rasht was occupied by the Constitutionalists, killing Sardar Afkham and the momentum eventually resulted in the fall of Tehran in July 1909.Protests by the population continued until Russian forces occupied Gilan in December 1911, with the Russian consul Nekrasov threatening greater devastation if they did not give up their strike.", "In 1912, with the support of the Russians, Arfa' al-Soltaneh was able to return to Karganrud to reign.", "The local residents were forced to give their taxes through the Russian legation." ], [ "Territory, Administration and Government", "H. L. Rabino describes Karganrud as being subdivided into the following districts (): Otaqsara, Lisar va Hareh Dasht, and Haviq va Chubar, bordering the district of Astara.", "Rik was the traditional residence of the Khans of Karganrud, in addition to being the center of Otaqsara.", "They resided there in the winter and would move to Aq Evlar in the summer.=== Settlements of Karganrud ===This is a list of settlements in Karganrud, according to Rabino.+Qeshlaq villagesYaylaq villagesBouzek'AindehChavachouBaskShekardashtChalevechtShirabadDa'avanJamkuhDervichebonJow KandanDizgahJowlandanGanjkhanehEivikHiveGuerdbedjarIrbouGuerdab-OuzounKal'efouHashtparKouhbazarHareh DashtLorounHaviqMakachKal'ebonMarianKeteseMian KuhKerganrudNavanKhalifekeriNow DehKhadjekeriRazanKhotbeh SaraRazeLemirRikLisarSarasarMahmudabadTakhtparouMaryanTimdashtNaseriTouledjeNowmandanToupalliNosratabadToul-e GilanOoulebedjarZalbil AstanePasil-TazeabadPoshtehRikSeyyed NikiSourepochtTanguedeiTareChubarTula RudVazneh Sar" ], [ "Foreign relations", "To the north, the Khanate of Karganrud had a bitter rivalry with the Khanate of Namin, ruled by descendants of the Khans of Talysh.", "Karganrud itself was formerly subordinate to the Namin khans' ancestors, but were separated from them by Fath 'Ali Shah.", "He also ordered Bala Khan of Karganrud to attack Mir Hasan Khan, son of Mir Mostafa Khan.", "Bala Khan complied, and sacked Hasan Khan's residence at Namin.", "Mir Hasan Khan submitted to the Shah, marrying one of his daughters, which worried the khans of Karganrud and Asalem that he would seek vengance on them using the governor of Azerbaijan.", "As a result, they successfully petitioned the Shah to have Talesh included within the province of Gilan, not Azerbaijan.", "The Khans of Karganrud owed only nominal allegiance to the governor of Gilan.", "To the south, the Khans of Karganrud had the primary position in the region in comparison with the other Talish Khanates.", "The khans of Asalem, Talesh-Dulab, Masal, and Shandarmin were in a subordinate, oppressive relationship on the Khans of Karganrud." ], [ "Geography, Society and Population", "The area of Talesh was well known for its vast jungles, rice, and silk cocoons.", "Most of the population of Karganrud was of Sunni faith; the only exceptions being the Khan himself, along with the people of Lisar and Hareh Dasht, who were Shi'ites.", "In 1922, Karganrud was described as being a half-Sunni, half-Shia region.", "It's population was estimated at about 15,000.The district could supply around 1,000 armed men." ], [ "Rulers", "+RulerReign'''Bala Khan ''ibn 'Ali ibn Guna ibn Ebrahim ibn Guna ibn Hosayn'''''1813 - 1848'''Farajollah Khan Sartip'''1848 - 1865'''Habibullah Khan'''1865 - 1867/68'''\"Sardar-i Amjad\" Nosratollah Khan '''Amid al-Soltaneh''''' 1867/68 - 1907'''Arfa' al-Soltaneh'''1912 - ?" ], [ "References" ] ]

[ [ "Under the Light" ], [ "Introduction", "'''''Under the Light''''' () is a 2023 Chinese crime drama film directed by Zhang Yimou, and stars Lei Jiayin, Zhang Guoli, Yu Hewei and Zhou Dongyu.", "It was released in theaters in China on September 28, 2023.The film tells the story of Su Jianming, an ordinary young policeman who works at the Municipal Bureau's Criminal Identification Center.", "In order to protect the safety of the people, he embarks on a thrilling investigative journey." ], [ "Synopsis", "The story revolves around Su Jianming (Lei Jiayin) and Li Huilin (Zhou Dongyu) jointly investigating a criminal case involving wealthy businessman Li Zhitian (Yu Hewei).", "In order to investigate the case, Su Jianming ignored the dissuasion of his powerful father Zheng Gang (Zhang Guoli) and rushed to the \"Hongmen Banquet\" hosted by Li Zhitian.", "As clues emerge, the investigation becomes more and more like a game of chess." ], [ "Cast", "* Lei Jiayin as Su Jianming* Zhang Guoli as Zheng Gang* Yu Hewei as Li Zhitian* Zhou Dongyu as Li Huilin* Sun Yizhou as David* Li Naiwen as Liu Feng* Xu Yajun as Liu Bo* Tian Yu as Tang Danian* Xu Zili as Sun Heyang* He Zhengjun as Wen Hui===Special appearance===* Chen Daoming as Chen Weimin* Joan Chen as He Xiuli* Wang Xun" ], [ "Production", "=== Background ===As a criminal procedural blockbuster set in the city, the film is different from the image style of Zhang Yimou's previous films.", "This is something Zhang Yimou has never tried before, an urban and modern shooting style that replaces the classical composition.", "From the early stages of creation, Zhang set the tone of the film: \"Don't write about simple sympathy, but write about the understanding of human nature\".In order to pursue a sense of reality, director Zhang asked all members of the crew to show up without makeup.", "Actor Chen Daoming stated this is his first time doing so during his acting career.The film also marked the second collaboration between Zhang Yimou and Zhou Dongyu since her breakthrough film ''Under the Hawthorn Tree'' ten years ago.=== Filming ===In May 2019, the film started shooting in Chongqing.", "On September 13, the film was announced to be completed." ], [ "Release", "The film released the first trailer on December 27, 2022.On the same day, it also announced that the film was scheduled for release on January 22, 2023.On December 29, 2022, the film released the list of full cast." ], [ "References" ], [ "External links", "*" ] ]

[ [ "Autry Stephens" ], [ "Introduction", "'''Autry Carl Stephens''' (born March 8, 1938) is an American billionaire businessman, investor and philanthropist who is best known for founding Endeavor Energy Resources based in Midland, Texas in 1974.In February 2024, it was announced that the company will be sold to Diamondback Energy for $26 billion which ultimately put its founder on the Forbes 400 list (2023)." ], [ "Early life and education", "Stephens was born March 8, 1938 in De Leon, Texas, one of five children, to Martin Elmore Stephens, a watermelon and peanut farmer, and Hazel Lila Stephens (née Johnson; 1905-2011).", "He earned his Bachelor of Science in 1961 and his Master of Science in 1962, both in Petroleum engineering from the University of Texas at Austin." ], [ "Career", "Stephens founded Endeavor Energy Resources in 1974.He remains a general partner of the LP." ], [ "Personal life", "He is married to Linda Stephens and they have two children; Lyndal and Trey Stephens.", "Both are active in the family business." ], [ "References" ] ]

[ [ "Phạm Đức Hòa" ], [ "Introduction", "'''Phạm Đức Hòa''' (born 12 April 1991) is a futsal player who plays as a ala (midfielder) for Vietnam Futsal League team Thái Sơn Nam HCMC and the Vietnam national futsal team." ], [ "Early career", "Đức Hòa was a youth product of football clubs Quân khu 7 and TDC Bình Dương." ], [ "Club career", "Đức Hòa was promoted to TDB Bình Dương first team in 2010 and played in the V.League 2 with the team.", "He was part of the that finished as runners-up at the 2011 Vietnamese National U-21 Championship.", "After the tournament, Đức Hòa decided to end his football career to concentrate on his university studies.In 2012, he started his futsal career, playing for VLT Đà Nẵng.", "In 2014, he joined Hải Phương Nam Phú Nhuận.", "After two seasons at the club, he was recriuted by Vietnamese futsal giant Thái Sơn Nam.", "With the team, he won the Vietnam Futsal League for five times in a row, from 2016 to 2020.He also took part in AFC Futsal Club Championship for three seasons, helped his club finished third place twice and runners-up once.", "During the 2018 AFC Futsal Club Championship, he scored the winning goal in the semi-final match to help his team advance to the final.In 2020, Đức Hòa joined Spanish club O Parrulo Ferrol, signing a one year contract, thus becoming the first Vietnamese futsal player to play in Europe.", "He scored his first goal in the 2020–21 Primera División de Futsal against Burela.", "However, the league was cancelled after five rounds due to the effects of the Covid-19 pandemic in Spain.In 2021, Đức Hòa made his return to Thái Sơn Nam.", "He won two more Vietnam Futsal League titles in 2021 and 2023.In February 2024, he was given the Vietnamese Futsal Golden Ball award." ], [ "International career", "In 2016, Đức Hòa took part in the Vietnam's first ever 2016 FIFA Futsal World Cup.", "The team reached the round of 16 and was given the Fair-Play Award in a historic campaign.", "In 2021, Đức Hòa participated for the second time with Vietnam in the FIFA Futsal World Cup.", "Vietnam once again advance to the knockout stage and the round of 16 game, Đức Hòa scored his first World Cup goal in a 2–3 defeat against Russia." ], [ "Honours", "* Vietnam Futsal League: 2016, 2017, 2018, 2019, 2020, 2021, 2023'''Individual'''* Vietnamese Futsal Golden Ball: 2023" ], [ "References" ] ]

[ [ "William Infantine" ], [ "Introduction", "'''William Infantine''' is an American politician.", "He serves as a Republican member for the Hillsborough 16th district of the New Hampshire House of Representatives.", "He currently is the chair of the Labor, Industrial and Rehabilitative Services Committee." ], [ "Personal Life", "Infantine has resided in Manchester, New Hampshire since 1997.Infantine has two children.", "Infantine graduated Milford Area Senior High in 1982.Infantine graduated St Michael's College with a Bachelor of Science in Business Administration in 1986." ], [ "Political Career", "Infantine served in the New Hampshire House of Representatives from 2002 to 2016.He has since served again since 2020.He currently chairs the Labor, Industrial and Rehabilitative Services Committee." ], [ "References" ] ]

[ [ "Battle of Ad-Dakim" ], [ "Introduction", "The '''Battle of Ad-Dakim''' () took place on July 3, 1915 in the Sultanate of Lahej, in which the Yemeni-Ottoman forces defeated the forces of the Sultan of the Sultanate of Lahej, Ali bin Ahmed, who were loyal to the British.", "They entered Lahej, and its sultan, Ali bin Ahmed Al-Abdali, withdrew from it to Aden, where he was assassinated by firing squad." ], [ "The siege", "At the beginning of June 1915, the garrison in Aden weakened, as a result of sending some British forces to the islands of Kamaran and Farasan and other islands of the Red Sea.", "The Ottomans took advantage of this and sent from northern Yemen a force of 2,000 Turkish soldiers and 4,000 Yemeni soldiers, and a joint division of 3,000 Arab soldiers from Taiz, Yafi' and Al-Hawashib, and they sent down ten cannons with them.", "It crossed the borders of the remote areas of Aden and advanced towards Lahej.", "The Sultan of Lahej asked the British command in Aden for help, saying that the Ottomans had come to Mawiyah to attack them.", "From the available soldiers, a small unit was formed in the city called the “Aden Mobile Column” towards Lahej.", "Meanwhile, the Turks occupied Sheikh Saeed again.On June 13, the Ottomans bombed and attacked Perim the next day.", "But the Indian force stationed on the island withstood the attack, and they suffered some losses.", "After the success at Perim, Brigadier General Shaw deemed it necessary to send the camel contingent in Aden to Lahej to assist Sultan Abdali, whose force had been almost completely eliminated by the Turks.", "Those forces arrived at Nubia Dakim, and discovered a strong Ottoman force outside Lahej, supported by a large number of Arab tribesmen.", "They found the Sultan’s forces in Lahej, so they withdrew to Lahej.", "On July 3, the Aden mobile column, consisting of two hundred and fifty rifles and two mortars, departed to support that division.", "The climatic conditions were difficult: the heat was intense, there was a significant shortage of water, and progress was difficult on the sand.", "The remainder of the column was so delayed by transportation difficulties and water shortages that it never reached Lahej at all.In the Sultan's capital, the British found themselves facing four Ottoman battalions and twenty artillery pieces provided from Mawiya and Al-Hujariya.", "In addition, Arab tribesmen rallied in their thousands to help the Ottomans.", "The British were supported by a few hundred men of the Sultan of Lahej's original army.", "The followers of the Arab camp of the Aden detachment deserted them at the most critical time, taking all their camels with them.", "The fighting began on the evening of Sunday, July 4.The Ottoman forces made several attacks against the British force, but all of them were repelled.", "Although Brigadier Shaw praised the efforts of the Royal Artillery after the battle, the superior Ottoman artillery set various parts of Lahej on fire, and the British were in danger of being surrounded and cut off by the Arab tribesmen.", "When the main column had not yet reached Aden, the British withdrew on July 5, with three officers wounded.", "The main loss was not so much in men as in prestige.", "The Ottomans had occupied Lahej, but Sultan Abdali was mistakenly wounded by British forces, and was transferred to Aden, where he died during the attack.", "Surgery was performed on him." ], [ "References", "* Encyclopedia of the fighter, memory of time." ] ]

[ [ "Eduardo Neves" ], [ "Introduction", "'''Eduardo Neves de Castro''' (29 August 1944 – 28 April 1969), also known as '''Eduardo Neves''' or simply '''Eduardo''', was a Brazilian professional footballer who played as a left winger." ], [ "Career", "Revealed in the youth categories of America-RJ, Neves played for the club from 1961 to 1967, when he was traded to Corinthians.", "He was part of the historic game to break the club's winning drought against Pelé's Santos FC on 6 March 1968.He made 71 appearances and scored 15 goals.In 1968 Eduardo played seven matches for the Brazil national team, scoring a goal against Paraguay." ], [ "Honours", ";Brazil*Taça Jorge Chávez/Santos Dumont: 1968*Taça Oswaldo Cruz: 1968" ], [ "Death", "Eduardo tragically passed away in a car accident on 28 April 1969 while heading to Parque São Jorge for a training session with Corinthians.", "The right back Lidu, who was driving the car, also died." ], [ "References" ], [ "External links", "* Eduardo at ogol.com.br *" ] ]

[ [ "Siege of Bila Tserkva (1711)" ], [ "Introduction", "'''Siege of Bila Tserkva 1711''' in 25—27 March 1711 took place during the Pylyp Orlyk's campaign of 1713 against the Russian Tsardom and against Tatars on the Right Bank." ], [ "The siege of city", "After the victory near Lysianka, the road to Bila Tserkva was cleared.", "This time the army moved slowly so that it reached Bila Tserkva region around March 18.While advancing in the Syniava — Rokytne area, the army started to experience problems with provisions — hence the requisitions of the population intensified.", "As a result, the discipline was shaken — not only Tatars but also Poles allowed themselves violence against the civilian population.In such difficult conditions, the army spent another week crossing the Ros — the dam and the bridge near Syniava were destroyed, and the help of the locals was needed.The siege of Bila Tserkva started on March 25.The city was well fortified, it housed the Moscow garrison.", "The fortress was well supplied with everything necessary to keep the siege; shortly before the arrival of the Orlyk's army, ammunition and provisions were delivered.", "The garrison of Bila Tserkva was quite small: it consisted of 500 Russians under the command of Colonel Annenkov, and parts of the Bila Tserkva Cossacks of Colonel Tansky, loyal to the Moscow tsar.", "Orlyk's forces at that time numbered about 10,000 Zaporozhian Cossacks and the Right-bank Cossacks who joined him, as well as Tatars and Poles.The siege of the city began, but the number of attackers did not play a significant role in this process: the Tatar-Polish cavalry could not help in the siege, and it all depended on whether Orlyk managed to seize the fortress with the technical means he had at his disposal.", "There was almost no artillery in Orlyk's army; there were only 4 or 5 canons.", "It was not possible to achieve the desired effect with the existing resources.Despite the besieging of the town, the garrison of the fortress successfully repulsed all the attacks by Orlyk's army.", "Twice during the second and third days of the siege the Cossacks tried to attack the castle after gaining a foothold in the lower part of the town and making sconces, but were unsuccessful both times.", "None of the assaults were effective, as the garrison had sufficient ammunition and strong artillery." ], [ "Betrayal by the Tatars", "Three days of the siege (March 25–27) resulted in nothing.", "The discontent of the Tatars was growing — the young and inexperienced sultan could not restrain the horde, who was demanding permission to take yasir.", "The dissatisfaction of the Tatars on one hand was amplified by the lack of provisions for people and horses, and on the other — by the approach of spring, melting snow and flooding of rivers, which nullified the mobility of Tatar troops in the event of Moscow army's attack.Seeing no progress in storming the fortress, the Tatar army withdrew, spreading its troops almost to the Dnieper river, and moved south to the Bug river, taking yasir and destroying settlements.", "Orlyk rushed after them, begging the sultan to return or give him at least 10,000 Tatars to continue the war, but received a refusal.The Tatars' betrayal had catastrophic consequences for the whole campaign: the Right-bank Cossacks, who joined Orlyk, learned that Tatars were plundering villages and towns and taking people as prisoners so they rushed to save their loved ones.", "The army was getting smaller by the hour." ], [ "References" ], [ "External links", "* Пилип Орлик на Правобережній Україні в 1711 р.", "— Д-р.", "Б. Крупницький (За державність No.", "4, 1934)* Шведські та татарські аспекти походу Пилипа Орлика" ] ]

[ [ "Oechsle (retail chain)" ], [ "Introduction", "'''Oechsle''' () is a Peruvian supermarket chain owned by '''Tiendas Peruanas S.A.''', a subsidiary of conglomerate ''''.", "Originally established as '''Casa Oeschle''' during the 19th century by '''A.F.", "Oechsle''' and best known for its Art Nouveau building at the Plaza Mayor, designed by French architect Claude Sahut.", "It closed in 1993 due to the economic crisis and internal conflict of the country, permantently reopening in 2009." ], [ "History", "Former Oechsle building façade.", "'''Casa Oechsle''' was the name under which the German immigrant Fernando Augusto Oechsle opened a small store in July 1888, initially dedicated to the sale of threads, lace and buttons imported from Europe.", "It replaced ''Harten y Cía.''", "in 1896, founded by fellow German Juan Harten in 1888.The business expanded and gained a lot of prestige throughout the city as a result of an exclusive offer, made up of imported products, among which textiles, perfumes, decorative items and even toys stood out.", "It was in 1917 that Oechsle opened its most emblematic location located between the Portal de Botoneros and the José Olaya Passage in the Plaza Mayor of Lima, designed by Claude Sahut and inaugurated on December 1, 1920.After Oechsle's death in 1945, the business was inherited by his son, Alex Oechsle Pruss.In the 1980s, Oechsle passed into the hands of Monterey, the most important supermarket chain in the Peruvian market at that time.", "The acquisition was made as a result of the family bond between the Oechsles and the Tschudis, owners of Monterey.", "However, as a result of the economic crisis that Peru experienced in the second half of the eighties and early nineties, to which was added terrorist violence, the chain had to declare bankruptcy and closed its doors in 1993.thus passing their establishments to new owners.After several years, Intercorp bought the Oechsle brand and opened a chain of stores with that name as part of its diversification plan in the retail sector." ], [ "See also", "*Supermercados Monterey" ], [ "References" ] ]

[ [ "Azarenka–Sharapova rivalry" ], [ "Introduction", "The '''Azarenka–Sharapova rivalry''' was a tennis rivalry between Victoria Azarenka and Maria Sharapova, who met 15 times between 2007 and 2015.Their overall head-to-head was 8–7 favoring Sharapova, Azarenka leading 2–1 in Grand Slam meetings, and 1–0 in Grand Slam finals.", "Their only meeting in a Grand Slam final was at the 2012 Australian Open, which is also the most lopsided match between these two: Azarenka managed to crush Sharapova (at that moment a three time Grand Slam winner) in just 1 hour and 22 minutes, also inflicting her a bagel in the second set.The highlight of their rivalry was the 2012 tennis season, during which they played 6 matches.", "After the Australian Open final, Azarenka continued to dominate Sharapova on hard courts, beating her in two other finals and in one semifinal (at the US Open).", "Azarenka and Sharapova played a total of 34 sets.", "Of these, 18 were won by Azarenka and 16 by Sharapova (including one set when the Bielorussian retreated).", "In the more recent years of their rivalry, Maria Sharapova managed to pull a few victories, which gave her a slight advantage in the overall head-to-head." ], [ "Head-to-head", "'''Legend''' '''Victoria Azarenka''''''Maria Sharapova''' Grand Slam 2 1 WTA Tour Championships 0 1 WTA Tier I / Premier Mandatory / Premier 5 4 4 WTA Tier II / Premier 1 2 Olympics 0 0 '''Total''' '''7''' '''8'''Victoria Azarenka–Maria Sharapova (7–8) No.", "Year Tournament Tier Surface Round Winner Score Azarenka Sharapova 1.2007 Kremlin Cup Tier I Hard Second round Victoria Azarenka 7–6(11–9), 6–2 '''1''' 0 2.2009 Los Angeles Premier Hard Second round Maria Sharapova 6–7(4–6), 6–4, 6–2 1 '''1''' 3.2009 China Open Premier Mandatory Hard Second round Maria Sharapova 6–3, 6–7(5–7), 7–5 1 '''2''' 4.2010 Stanford Premier Hard Final Victoria Azarenka 6–4, 6–1 '''2''' 2 5.2011 Miami Masters Premier Mandatory Hard Final Victoria Azarenka 6–1, 6–4 '''3''' 2 6.2011 Italian Open Premier 5 Clay Quarterfinals Maria Sharapova 4–6, 3–0(r) 3 '''3''' 7.2012 Australian Open Grand Slam Hard Final Victoria Azarenka 6–3, 6–0 '''4''' 3 8.2012 Indian Wells Open Premier Mandatory Hard Final Victoria Azarenka 6–2, 6–3 '''5''' 3 9.2012 Stuttgart Open Premier Clay Final Maria Sharapova 6–1, 6–4 5 '''4''' 10.2012 US Open Grand Slam Hard Semifinals Victoria Azarenka 3–6, 6–2, 6–4 '''6''' 4 11.2012 China Open Premier Mandatory Hard Final Victoria Azarenka 6–3, 6–1 '''7''' 4 12.2012 WTA Championships Tour Finals Hard Semifinals Maria Sharapova 6–4, 6–2 7 '''5''' 13.2013 Roland Garros Grand Slam Clay Semifinals Maria Sharapova 6–1, 2–6, 6–4 7 '''6''' 14.2015 Indian Wells Open Premier Mandatory Hard Third round Maria Sharapova 6–4, 6–3 7 '''7''' 15.2015 Italian Open Premier 5 Clay Quarterfinals Maria Sharapova 6–3, 6–2 7 '''8'''" ], [ "Breakdown of the rivalry", "* Hard courts: '''Victoria Azarenka''', 7–4* Clay courts: '''Maria Sharapova''', 4–0* Grass courts: none* Indoor carpet: none* Grand Slam matches: '''Victoria Azarenka''', 2–1* Grand Slam finals: '''Victoria Azarenka''', 1–0* Year-End Championships matches: '''Maria Sharapova''', 1–0* Year-End Championships finals: none* Fed Cup matches: none* All finals: '''Victoria Azarenka''', 5–1" ], [ "See also", "* List of tennis rivalries" ], [ "References" ], [ "External links", "* \"Sharapova–Azarenka the best rivalry\", Howard Bryant, ''ESPN'', June 19, 2013" ] ]

[ [ "Steve McLachlan" ], [ "Introduction", "'''Stephen McLachlan''' (19 September 1918 – 26 July 1990) was a Scottish professional footballer who played as a wing half.", "He spent most of his career with Derby County, yet was often utilised as a reserve player and featured in less than 60 league games over a 14 year period.", "He later transferred to Kilmarnock where he was released after two years.McLachlan died in July 1990 after a period of ill health." ], [ "Early life", "During World War II, McLachlan served with the Durham Light Infantry unit, latterly as a sergeant and won a distinguished service medal.", "During his youth, he played football with St Cuthbert Wanderers." ], [ "Career", "McLachlan joined Derby County in 1938, when he was signed by manager George Jobey in March 1938 from Dalbeattie, a junior club based in Scotland.", "He was 18 years old when he signed, but did not make his debut into league football until the following year against Preston North End.", "McLachlan was utilised mostly as a reserve player, with just brief appearances in the senior team, although refused several offers to move to other clubs when interest was shown.At the end of the 1952–53 season, McLachlan was placed on Derby's transfer list, alongside Bill Townsend and Jackie Parr, all of whom had been with the club since prior to World War II.", "McLachlan played for Derby in 63 senior games, of which 5 were in the FA Cup.", "His best run of games came during the 1951–52 season, when he featured 28 times.He transferred to Kilmarnock in June 1953 for a small fee and ended his career in Scotland.", "He was released by Kilmarnock in May 1955, after featuring in 28 games over two seasons, his last being in September 1954." ], [ "Personal life", "McLachlan died on 26 July 1990 in Dumfries, Scotland after a period of deteriorating health.", "He was survived by his widow (Jean McLachlan, d.2010) and son.", "News of his death wasn't reported in England until January 1991." ], [ "Career statistics", "+ Appearances and goals by club, season and competitionClubSeasonLeagueFA CupLeague CupTotalDivisionAppsGoalsAppsGoalsAppsGoalsAppsGoalsDerby County1938–39First Division1000—101945–46—00—001946–47First Division6000—601947–48First Division0000—001948–49First Division3010—401949–50First Division2000—201950–51First Division8000—801951–52First Division26120—2811952–53First Division12021—140Total58151—632Kilmarnock1953–54Scottish Division B18100602411954–55Scottish Division A00004040Total18100100281Career total76251100913" ], [ "References" ] ]

[ [ "Marcel Hopp" ], [ "Introduction", "'''Marcel Hopp''' (born February 1988) is a German politician currently serving as Member of the Abgeordnetenhaus of Berlin." ], [ "Personal life and education", "Hopp was born in Neukölln in 1988 to a German father and South Korean mother who came to Germany to work as a nurse.He attended local schools in Neukölln including the Leonardo-da-Vinci gymnasium before studying German, history and education at the Humboldt University of Berlin.", "He later worked as a teacher in the Rudow area." ], [ "Career", "Hopp was elected for the Neukölln 4 constituency at the 2021 Berlin state election, receiving 36% of the vote and achieving the second-highest constituency vote share for an SPD candidate in Berlin.", "At the repeat election held in 2023 Hopp was defeated by Christopher Forster of the CDU and was not re-elected on the Neukölln list, either.", "However, Fabian Fischer declined his mandate on the Neukölln list to allow Hopp to return to the Abgeordnetenhaus.", "Fischer stated he was standing aside to allow his \"good friend\" to take his seat, describing Hopp as \"one of the best representatives\"." ], [ "References" ] ]

[ [ "Transnational repression by Russia" ], [ "Introduction", "'''Transnational repression by Russia''' refers to efforts by the Russian government to control its diaspora and exiles.", "Russia’s campaign heavily relies on assassination, targeting former insiders and individuals that the regime perceives as threats to its security." ], [ "Background", "Freedom House has documented at least 735 direct, physical incidents of transnational repression globally from 2014 to 2021.14 governments have used Interpol notices in detaining and deporting individuals.", "Russia accounted for 31% of such incidents.", "Assassinations made up one quarter of all acts of transnational repression conducted by the Russian government, while one third of all assassinations globally were committed by Russia." ], [ "Methods of repression", "=== Assassination ===In 2021, Freedom House reported 26 assassinations or attempted assassinations globally since 2014.The Russian transnational repression campaign accounted for 7 of them.", "Additionally, Russia is also responsible for assaulting and detaining its nationals abroad as well as conducting renditions and unlawful deportations.Freedom House found that the Kremlin tends to target individuals who possibly defected to member states of NATO and cooperated with those governments' intelligence agencies; ones considered to have been involved in armed conflict with Russia in the past; or those whose political or business activities conflict with the security services.", "It has demonstrated a willingness to take the life of perceived threats at least in Ukraine, Germany, Bulgaria, and the U.K.=== Interpol notice ===The Kremlin also harasses and detains its nationals in exile through manipulating and abusing the Interpol notice system.", "A significant case was its targeting of Bill Browder, a whistleblower who campaigned to sanction officials involved in Sergei Magnitsky’s murder, corruption, and human rights violations.", "He was placed on Interpol’s ‘wanted list’ by Russian authorities.Russia is responsible for 38% of public Red Notices globally.", "Due to lack of transparency at the Interpol, it is challenging to determine how the government is able to use this notice system to such an extensive degree.", "The government has also been able to use Interpol’s Red Notices in detaining individuals who reside in the U.S. for extensive periods of time.", "Due to Red Notices from Russia, there have been asylum seekers who have spent over one year in ICE detention.In 2021, governments of in Russia, People’s Republic of China, Turkey, and Bahrain managed to have their nationals detained in Morocco, Poland, Serbia, Kenya, and Italy based on Red Notices.", "Most of these detained individuals involved in political activism or civic activism.=== Surveillance and hacking ===Russian nationals abroad who are high-profile critics of the government’s politics are subjected to surveillance and hacking campaigns.=== Russian communities abroad ===The Kremlin also exerts control over Russian communities abroad, such as Russian cultural institutions, the Russian Orthodox Church, and Russian-language media.", "Since the Soviet Union’s dissolution, the government again gained control over certain official cultural institutions that had a presence abroad.", "In 2006, under Putin’s leadership, the Orthodox Church reunited with the Russian Orthodox Church Abroad, a church that emerged after the Russian Revolution.", "In 2008, the government launched Rossotrudnichestvo to “coordinate activities meant to facilitate engagement with the diaspora, as well as other formal ‘soft power’ activities,” as reported by Freedom House.=== Domestically focused ===Unlike other governments that commit transnational repression, the Kremlin does not try to control the entirety of the Russian diaspora through coercion.", "It instead focuses on activism repression at home and controlling the information environment so that exiles are unable to reach domestic citizens.=== Campaign against Chechens ===Unlike other Russian nationals, citizens from Russia’s Chechen Republic (Chechnya) face a total transnational repression campaign.", "This campaign is directed by Ramzan Kadyrov, head of the Republic, with approval of Russia’s central government.", "Inside the republic, Kadyrov rules with terror and brutality to “ensure political stability.” The regime is marked by torture, extrajudicial killings, anti-gay purges, murders of journalists, murders of human rights advocates, and enforced disappearances.", "Chechnya’s authorities have subjected hundreds of citizens to such violence.", "As a result of such severe repression, tens of thousands of Chechen citizens fled the nation.", "Many of them seek asylum in European countries.Unfortunately, Kadyrov’s repression follows Chechen exiles.", "This began when two assassinations took place in early 2009.Sulim Yamadayev, a former military commander, was assassinated in Dubai.", "Umar Israilov, a former bodyguard who exposed Kadyrov’s brutality, was assassinated in Austria before he could testify in court.", "Chechen dissents outside of Russia have then been “killed and attacked at alarming rates,” as reported by Freedom House.", "Kadyrov has also publicly made his intent to control the diaspora clear." ], [ "Notable cases", "* In 2006, Alexander Litvinenko, a former intelligence officer, was killed via radiation poisoning.", "He was poisoned by radioactive polonium-210 and died three weeks after in London.", "Investigations discovered that he was poisoned by two Russian citizens who acted under the FSB (Federal Security Service)’s direction.", "* In 2018, Sergei Skripal, a former intelligence officer, and his daughter Yulia were subjected to an attempted assassination where a nerve agent was involved.", "* Journalist Galina Timchenko previously worked for a Russian newspaper then an online media outlet but was terminated after she published material regarding Russia’s Crimea annexation.", "She then relocated to Latvia and cofounded online media outlet Meduza.", "Meduza was deemed an “undesirable organization” by Russia in 2023, which would subject anyone working with it to criminal prosecution.", "Since the Ukraine invasion in 2022, the outlet’s office has been vandalized and subjected to digital attacks, and Timchenko’s personal device has also been attacked." ], [ "Responses", "* In 2021, Turkey arrested six individuals who had ties to the Russian government, for preparing “armed actions targeting Chechen dissidents.” * In March 2022, governments of Australia, Canada, New Zealand, the U.K., and the U.S. called upon Interpol to suspend the Russian state’s access to the systems.", "* In October 2021, the U.S. updated the licensing regulations of the Commerce Department, restricting the sale of hardware or software that allowed for spyware’s use or development to nations that engage in violation of human rights, including transnational repression, such as the Russian government.", "* In March 2023, Transnational Repression Policy Act was introduced by a group of bipartisan Senators.", "* In 2022, the U.K. government established a Defending Democracy Taskforce.", "One of this Taskforce’s goals was to address foreign states’ efforts to suppress free expression in the diaspora communities.", "* To better trace and prosecute transnational repression, the FBI in the U.S. has adopted a definition of the term, and launched a website for victims to report such acts by foreign governments." ], [ "References" ] ]

[ [ "Gregory Hill (New Hampshire politician)" ], [ "Introduction", "'''Gregory Hill''' is an American politician.", "He serves as a Republican member for the Merrimack 2nd district of the New Hampshire House of Representatives.", "He currently is the chair of the Legislative Administration Committee." ], [ "Personal Life", "Hill resides in Northfield, New Hampshire.", "Hill is married and has a child." ], [ "Political Career", "Hill has served in the New Hampshire House of Representatives since 2010.Hill chairs the Legislative Administration Committee and also serves on the Transportation Committee." ], [ "References" ] ]

[ [ "Val Broeksmit" ], [ "Introduction", "'''Valentin \"Val\" Broeksmit''' (January 14, 1976 - April 25, 2022) was a whistleblower and FBI informant.", "David Enrich wrote in The New York Times that Val's \"trove of corporate emails, financial materials, boardroom presentations and legal reports is credible — even if he is not\".", "Broeksmit's death in April 2022 has been the subject of conspiracy theories." ], [ "Early life", "Val Broeksmit was born in Ukraine in 1976 before emigrating to Chicago three years later with his parents, Alla and Alexander.", "After his parents divorced, Val lived in a foster home in Cook County.", "When he was nine, he moved to New Jersey after Alla met and married Bill Broeksmit." ], [ "Investigations", "In 2014, Val Broeksmit's adoptive father, William Broeksmit, committed suicide.", "William had been a Deutsche Bank executive, and Val found a trove of bank records in his father's email account, including minutes of board meetings, spreadsheets, and financial plans.", "Broeksmit shared the files with journalists and investigators.", "Later that year, Broeksmit downloaded the hacked Sony files and spread them online, and suggested the hackers go after Deutsche Bank.", "Broeksmit made purchases with his mother's stolen American Express information.In January 2017, Glenn R. Simpson from Fusion GPS paid for copies of Broeksmit's documents.", "In 2019, Moby introduced him to Adam Schiff, the chairman of the House Intelligence Committee, which was investigating Trump's ties to Deutsche Bank.", "Broeksmit reportedly asked for money for the documents and was refused before being subpoenaed.", "Broeksmit became a cooperating witness and shared the files with the FBI.", "In exchange, the FBI gave Broeksmit a \"special advisory title\" and helped his French girlfriend obtain a US visa.In a 2020 meeting with the Federal Bureau of Investigation, agents asked Broeksmit about Barrett Brown.", "Broeksmit thought the agents wanted help setting Brown up, and he was almost agreed before he changed his mind, saying \"I’m not going to give you Barrett Brown right now\".", "Broeksmit later posted a recording of the meeting online." ], [ "Disappearance, arrest and death", "In April 2021, Val Broeksmit went missing but his Twitter account remained active.", "The Los Angeles Police Department said he was last seen on April 6, 2021.In early 2022, Broeksmit was arrested for carrying a \"ghost gun\".", "Later, employees of Brewery Artist Complex filed for a restraining order against him in April 2022 for allegedly threatening them with a homemade \"ghost gun\", citing \"a continuing pattern of unlawful and harassing conduct occurring over a significant period\".", "Later that month, Val Broeksmit was found dead on the campus of Wilson High School in El Sereno.", "It appeared Broeksmit had fallen from a tree and suffered blunt-force trauma, broken ribs, and a spinal fracture.", "The cause undetermined, but authorities did not suspect foul play and the coroner ruled the death an accident.", "Baseless speculation about Broeksmit's death led to QAnon and other conspiracy theorists who compared him to Vince Foster and Seth Rich." ], [ "References" ] ]

[ [ "List of crossings of the River Clwyd" ], [ "Introduction", "The River Clwyd () is a river in Wales that rises in the Clocaenog Forest () northwest of Corwen.", "It has many crossings.+Key to heritage status Status CriteriaI Grade I listed.", "Bridge of exceptional interest, sometimes considered to be internationally importantII* Grade II* listed.", "Particularly important bridge of more than special interestII Grade II listed.", "Bridge of national importance and special interestCrossingDateCoordinatesHeritagestatusLocalityNotesImageForest Track-Clocaenog ForestEssentially a drainage pipeMinor Road-Clocaenog ForestEssentially a drainage pipeWaen Ganol Stable Access-Clocaenog ForestPont Petryal-Clocaenog ForestB5105Melin-y-Wig Bridge-Melin-y-WigLocal access bridge-Melin y Wig120pxFootbridge-Glyn-bach120pxMinor Road Bridge-Bryn Saith MarchogFarm Access Bridge-Pandy'r CapelEfail-y-plas Bridge18th CentDerwen120pxFarm Access Bridge-Pont Nant Clwyd-LlanelidanA494Pont Nant Clwyd1776LlanelidanOld A494 route120pxNantclwyd Hall Bridge1965LlanelidanNantclwyd Hall AccessFootbridge-Llanelidan120pxLocal Access Bridge-PwllglasLocal Access Bridge-PwllglasFootbridge-Pwllglas120pxPont Eyarth17th-18th CentLlanfair DC120pxFarm Access Bridge-RuthinTy'n-y-WernCorwen Road Bridge-RuthinTunnel BridgeEarly 19th CentRuthinScott HouseRuthin Park Bridges-Ruthin3 Footbridges120pxPont Howkin1771Ruthin120pxPont y Plant2007-RuthinFootbridge120pxPark Road Bridge-RuthinFootbridgeEarly 19th CentRuthinRuthin Bypass Bridge-RuthinA525Water Treatment Access Bridge-RuthinFootbridge-Ruthin120pxPont TelpynAround 1800Rhewl120pxPont LlanychanAround 1800Rhewl120pxFarm Access Bridge-GelliforPont Perfa17th Cent (or early 18th)Llanynys120pxPont Clwyd18th CentLlandyrnogWhitchurch Road Bridge-Denbigh120pxFarm Access Bridge-DenbighLleweni Hall120pxPont Ruffydd1784BodfariA541120pxOld Railway Bridge-Mold and Denbigh Junction RailwayNow Demolished120pxPont-y-cambwllLate 16th CentBodfari120pxPont LlannerchAround 1800TrefnantWashed away Jan 2021 (historic photo)120pxFootbridge-Llannerch_HallFootbridge-St Asaph120pxChester St Bridge-St AsaphA525120pxA55 Bridge-St AsaphA55120pxPont Dafydd1630St AsaphMarooned following rerouting of river120pxRhuddlan Bridge1595, subsequent alterationsRhuddlan120pxRhuddlan Footbridge-Rhuddlan120pxA525 bridge-RhuddlanA525120pxForyd Bridge-North Wales Main Line120pxForyd Harbour Bridge1932Kinmel Bay120pxPont y Ddraig2013-Kinmel BayLifting footbridge120px" ], [ "References" ] ]

[ [ "Peperomia umbrigaudens" ], [ "Introduction", "'''''Peperomia umbrigaudens''''' is a species of epiphyte from the genus ''Peperomia''.", "It was first described by Truman G. Yuncker and published in the book \"''Annals of the Missouri Botanical Garden 37(1): 81.1950.", "(31 Mar 1950)''\".", "It primarily grows on wet tropical biomes." ], [ "Distribution", "It is endemic to Colombia and Panama*Colombia**Antioquia***Urrao***Frontino**Chocó***San José del Palmar*Panama**Coclé***La Pintada**Colón***Portobelo**Darién**Panamá Oeste***Capiro" ], [ "Description", "It is a rhizomatous succulent herb with alternate leaves that are rounded-ovate to up to 11 cm broad, obtuse or subacute at the apex, deeply cordate at the base, open sinus, and sat scattered villous below to the veins more densely villous; the petiole can grow up to 15 cm long, quite slender, hairy near the plate, glabrous below, with solitary spikes; the peduncle is about 6 cm long and clearly hairy; the ovary is subturbinated, the apex is submammiform, and the apical stigma is occasionally bifid.It resembles Peperomia asarifolia but differs because of the pubescence of the leaves, petioles, and peduncles (due to longer peduncles, etc)." ], [ "References" ] ]

[ [ "Parasironidae" ], [ "Introduction", "The '''Parasironidae''' are a family of harvestmen with 7 described species.The family shows a European distribution, with species found in the Mediterranean." ], [ "Name", "Parasironidae is derived from the type genus ''Parasiro'' Hansen & Sørensen, 1904." ], [ "Species", "Below is from \"World Catalog of Opiliones\" (as of early 2024, after transfer of ''Parasiro'').", "* ''Cimmerosiro'' Karaman, Mitov & Snegovaya, 2024:* ''Cimmerosiro juberthiei'' Karaman, Mitov & Snegovaya, 2024 Turkey:* ''Cimmerosiro krivolutskyi'' Karaman, Mitov & Snegovaya, 2024 Georgia:* ''Cimmerosiro rhodiensis'' Karaman, Mitov & Snegovaya, 2024 Greece* ''Ebrosiro'' Karaman, Mitov & Snegovaya, 2024:* ''Ebrosiro coiffaiti'' (Juberthie, 1956)Spain, France (\"Ebro continental Block\")* ''Parasiro'' Hansen & Sørensen, 1904:* ''Parasiro corsicus'' (Simon, 1872) France (Corsica)* ''Tirrenosiro'' Karaman, Mitov & Snegovaya, 2024:* ''Tirrenosiro axeli'' Karaman, Mitov & Snegovaya, 2024 Italy:* ''Tirrenosiro minor'' (Juberthie, 1958)France (Corsica), Italy (Sardinia)" ], [ "See also", "*List of Cyphophthalmi species#Boreophthalmi" ], [ "References" ], [ "Sources", "* (eds.)", "(2007).", "''Harvestmen – The Biology of Opiliones''.", "Harvard University Press, USA.", "* (2005): The genus ''Cyphophthalmus'' (Arachnida, Opiliones, Cyphophthalmi) in Europe: A phylogenetic approach to Balkan Peninsula biogeography.", "''Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution'' '''36'''(3): 554-567.", "* Checklist of the Cyphophthalmi species of the World" ], [ "External links", "* *" ] ]

[ [ "Pat Gerrard Cooke" ], [ "Introduction", "'''Pat Gerrard Cooke''' (4 June 1935 – 11 August 2000) was an English painter, illustrator and lifelong friend of artist LS Lowry (1887–1976).", "She is described as \"one of the most commercially successful woman artists\" of post-war Britain.", "Born in Cheshire, with strong Irish heritage, she was mentored by Lowry from a child.", "She studied at the Manchester College of Art and the Slade School of Fine Art, London, teaching until 1965 and thereafter working full time as an artist.", "She relished painting the lives of everyday people: \"the street, the pub, the cafe, the back alleys and the courtyards of Europe\"; a great appreciator of Liverpudlian street life.", "She wrote three books and held dozens of sold out exhibitions across the UK and Ireland." ], [ "Early life", "Pat Gerrard was born on 4 June 1935 in Mottram-in-Longdendale, Cheshire, the daughter of joiner Frank and Lilian Gerrard.", "Pat had a partly Irish heritage, via her grandmother Mary Veronica Perrin, who had emigrated to Liverpool.", "Internationally regarded artist L. S. Lowry moved into ''The Elms'', in Mottram in 1948, where he would live for the rest of his life.", "He began a lifelong friendship with 13-year-old Pat.", "He advised on her art work and encouraged her to develop her use of oil paints.", "She said that all her school holidays were filled with creating artworks and she worked as an \"itinerant pub artist\", from the age of 14, to earn pocket money.", "This was the time when she began to appreciate everyday local people as her most interesting subject of study.Lowry advised her to \"find out what subjects you like to draw and paint, keep a limited palette, don't be influenced to change your natural style and then work very hard for at least fifty years.\"", "When she was 15 and studying at Hyde Grammar School, she painted two portraits of Lowry; one she kept and one was for him.", "Through her life, she gathered various works by the artist.", "She recalled her interest in drawing people beginning around the age of three.Cooke attended Manchester College of Art (1951–1953), where Lowry had also studied, and the Slade School of Fine Art, London.", "She noted that she had always had a \"graphic style\" and Slade didn't like it.", "\"They made fun of illustrators\", encouraging their students to concentrate on more \"important\" topics.", "Throughout her life she focused on achieving solid commercial success, working without any grant funding." ], [ "Career", "Cooke married writer and atomic engineer Brian Cooke in 1956 and the couple settled in Knutsford.", "They did not want to have children; \"I put my life's blood into paintings – they are my babies\", she commented.", "She taught for nine years at Altrincham Grammar School for Girls.", "From 1965, she concentrated solely on her artwork, exhibiting her work across the Uk and Ireland.", "Cooke and her husband travelled widely in pursuit of subjects.", "She noted \"I want people in Bickershaw to know how people enjoy themselves in Moscow\".", "They travelled through Ireland with Lowry on at least five trips, from 1962 to 1970.They also travelled together in Sunderland.", "In 1998, she published the memoir ''Mr Lowry's Clown''.Cooke liked to work stretched out on the floor, lying on her stomach, and expressed dislike for working on an easel.", "She worked at home and did not have a workshop, stating \"my house is my workshop\".", "She thought of herself as an illustrator, an observer, \"a recorder of the social scene\", and loved \"people watching\".", "She was strongly influenced by Georgian painter of people Thomas Rowlandson (1757–1827) who was also an observer and illustrator of daily life.", "She attributes the wisest guidance she received as that from Lowry, who advised that one has to make a living as well as to paint.", "She suffered from eye strain caused by the many hours of close attention she gave her paintings, working from 9–5 each day in a disciplined manner.", "When preparing for an exhibition she would often work through the night.", "She commented that being a professional artist required stamina and strength.", "She was proud of her Irish heritage and enjoyed spending time with the strong Irish communities in Liverpool.", "''The Guardian'' wrote of her: \"Pat's inspiration is the street, the pub, the cafe, the back alleys and the courtyards of Europe.", "She listens before she sketches.\"", "The newspaper compared her approach to that of Irish writer James Joyce: a shrewd observer of the small details and inflections of common, everyday life.", "She asked \"how can an artist lock himself away with all this happening outside and sit there painting flowers and abstracts and things?", "\".Cooke was described as \"one of the most commercially successful woman artists\" in Britain in the post-war period.", "Most of her work hung in private homes during her lifetime, a fact she loved.", "Her work hung in the National Gallery of Ireland.", "By the early 1970s she had had 13 exhibitions, all of which had sold out, including two at the Andsell Gallery, London.", "She was invited by the James Joyce Foundation to exhibit in Dublin a series of ''Ulysses'' illustrations.", "She noted that she was \"scoffed at by a lot of painters because people understand my work and buy and customers who commission me say 'do it mainly in black and magenta, Pat luv, because the wife's bought this new carpet and it's for the same room'.", "I don't curl my lip.", "Who am I to say it's got to be green.", "I'm a grocer, a journeyman.\"", "Lowry bought her work with enthusiasm.", "She enjoyed the fact that her mentor's art was owned by mill workers who just enjoyed the pictures of lives they recognised, regardless of art fashion or investment possibilities.", "Alongside her memoir, she wrote two books on the history of dress.Cooke died in 2000 at the age of 65.Her funeral took place at Altrincham Crematorium." ], [ "Further reading", "* ''Mr Lowry's Clown'' (1998), Pat Cooke, Cavalier House Publishing* \"Pat Cooke says 'happy birthday, Mr Lowry\", Pat Cooke, ''The Guardian'' 1 November 1974, p10* \"The artist that Manchester forgot\", Pat Cooke, ''Manchester Evening News'' 18 July 1970, p6" ], [ "References" ] ]

[ [ "Te Maeva" ], [ "Introduction", "'''Temaeva''' is a Tahitian dance troupe.", "It was created by Coco Hotahota in 1962." ], [ "History", "Temaeva is the oldest dance group in Tahiti.", "It has included personalities such as Heremoana Maamaatuaiahutapu, Manouche Lehartel, Fabien Dinard, director of the artistic conservatory of Tahiti, as well as many others from the world of culture.It is the most successful group in the history of the \"Heiva i Tahiti\" festival.", "Indeed, the troupe has won the Heiva fifteen times, the first time in 1969 and the last time in 2015.A complete artist, Coco Hotahota was responsible for writing the themes and songs, choreography, costume design and music composition.Coco Hotahota was greatly inspired by Henri Hiro, to whom he was very close.", "Their meeting was decisive in the destiny of the troupe.", "It was from there that Temaeva’s themes became much more involved.", "They denounced extreme modernism, greed, the abandonment of traditional values, instead advocating first and foremost for love of one's land, one's ''fenua''." ], [ "Videography", "* 1986.", "''Aroha Mai''.", "49 minutes.", "Show designed and directed by Coco Hotahota.", "With Clément Pito, Louise Kimitete.", "Production: ICA / OTAC (TFTN)* 1991.", "''Sacred Coco''.", "26 minutes.", "Directed by Hina Sylvain.", "RFO production.", "* 2008.", "''Hōro'a, the gift''.", "27 minutes.", "Directed by Jacques Navarro-Rovira.", "Production Kulturprod.", "* 2019.", "''Coco Hotahota Te Maeva''.", "90 minutes.", "Directed by Jonathan Bougard.", "In Vivo Prod.", "* 2022.", "''Coco Hotahota farereiraa''.", "81 minutes.", "Dirceted by Jonathan Bougard.", "In Vivo Prod." ], [ "Notes and references" ] ]

[ [ "Battle of Lysianka (1711)" ], [ "Introduction", "'''Battle of Lysianka 1711''' in February—March 1711 took place during the Pylyp Orlyk's campaign of 1711 against the Russian Tsardom and against Pro-Russian cossacks." ], [ "Battle", "In late February or early March, the alliance army continued the move.", "It was headed to the only still respected Moscow outpost on the Right Bank of Ukraine — Bila Tserkva.", "The route ran first to the east, to Zvenyhorodka, and from there — to the northwest, to the river Ros.", "The goal was, obviously, to seize the whole Right-bank Ukraine all the way to the Dnieper river: for that the capture of the Bila Tserkva was essential.An army under the command of general osavul Stepan Butovych opposed Pylyp Orlyk's troops and was defeated in the battle near Lysianka, the osavul himself was taken prisoner.", "The hetman was supported by the revolted Ukrainian people.The victory near Lysyanka had a significant resonance.", "Ukrainian cities, including the regimental Bohuslav and Korsun, surrendered without a fight.", "Mazepa's successor was supported in his quest to extend his power to the Right Bank by colonel Samiilo Ivanovych (Samus) of the Bohuslav Regiment, colonel Andrii Kandyba of the Korsun Regiment, colonel Ivan Popovych of the Uman Regiment, and colonel Danylo Sytynskyi of the Kaniv Regiment.", "This was facilitated by Pylyp Orlyk's letters-universals \"to the militant maloros people\" with a call to oppose the Moscow tsar.", "One of them was issued by the hetman on March 9, 1711, in Lysianka.Pylyp Orlyk's universals were known throughout the Right-Bank Ukraine and were distributed up to and including the Pereiaslav Regiment lands.", "Impressed by the successful combat maneuvers and the transition of the Cossack rulers to his side, the hetman informed King Charles XII of Sweden that his army had grown more than fivefold." ], [ "References" ], [ "External links", "* Пилип Орлик на Правобережній Україні в 1711 р.", "— Д-р.", "Б. Крупницький (За державність No.", "4, 1934)* Шведські та татарські аспекти походу Пилипа Орлика" ] ]

[ [ "Châu Đoàn Phát" ], [ "Introduction", "'''Châu Đoàn Phát''' (born 14 March 1999) is a futsal player who plays as a ala (midfielder) for Vietnam Futsal League team Thái Sơn Nam HCMC and the Vietnam national futsal team." ], [ "Club career", "Đoàn Phát is a youth product of Thái Sơn Nam.", "He was recruited to the club's youth academy in 2012 after displaying good performances during a youth futsal tournament in Cao Bằng.In 2017, he was loaned to his hometown club Cao Bằng Futsal Club and made his debut in the Vietnam Futsal League.", "He remained for the club for one more season before being recalled to Thái Sơn Nam in 2019.He won four Vietnam Futsal League titles with the team in 2019, 2020, 2021 and 2023.He took part in the 2019 AFC Futsal Club Championship and helped the team finish in the third place." ], [ "International career", "In May 2021, in the deciding 2021 FIFA Futsal World Cup play off game against Lebanon, Đoàn Phát scored the goal that qualified Vietnam to the final tournament.Later in the year, Đoàn Phát was named in Vietnam's 16-men squad for the 2021 FIFA Futsal World Cup.", "He scored 2 goals in the group stage, in the 3–2 win against Panama and in the 1–1 draw against Czech Republic, which helped Vietnam qualify to the round of 16 as one of the best third-placed teams.", "In the round of 16, Vietnam was defeated 2–3 by Russia.", "performance in the tournament was deemed by the Vietnamese press as \"heroic\" and \"brave\" as his goals played a crucial role in helping Vietnam pass the World Cup group stage for the second time in history." ], [ "Honours", "* Vietnam Futsal League: 2019, 2020, 2021, 2023" ], [ "References" ] ]

[ [ "KPAS (California)" ], [ "Introduction", "'''KPAS''' was a radio station licensed to Banning, California.", "It was established on November 9, 1949.In September 1953, the FCC authorized assignment of the license of KPAS of Banning, California, from Byron-Wood Motors to Henry Chester Darwin, for $6,100." ], [ "References" ] ]

[ [ "Cresomycin" ], [ "Introduction", "'''Cresomycin''' is an experimental antibiotic.", "It binds to the bacterial ribosome in both Gram-negative and Gram-positive bacteria, and it has been found to be effective against multi-drug-resistant stains of ''Staphylococcus aureus, Escherichia coli'', and ''Pseudomonas aeruginosa''.", "It belongs to the bridged macrobicyclic oxepanoprolinamide antibiotics, which have similarities with lincosamides antibiotics.Cresomycin has been specially designed to bind in a preorganised way with the bacterial ribosome, resulting to improved binding.", "This allows cresomycin to overcome the ribosomal methylase genes that are responsible for the bacterial resistance against other antibiotics that bind to the peptidyl transferase center of the ribosome, such as lincosamides.Cresomycin has been found to effictive against bacteria that are resistant to multible antibiotics, including lincosamides, both in vitro and in vivo, being more potent than iboxamycin, another oxepanoprolinamide antibiotic.", "The antibiotic was found in time-kill studies to be bacteriostatic against ''S.", "aureus''.", "In vitro safety experiments with human cells indicated low cytotoxicity.Cresomycin was developped by a research group led by Andrew G. Myers at the Harvard University Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology and the University of Illinois at Chicago and received a fund from CARB-X for further development." ], [ "References" ] ]

[ [ "Rūdninkai Forest" ], [ "Introduction", "Large uninhabited areas of Rūdninkai forest.", "Žygmantiškės geomorphological reserve.Šalčia in the Rūdninkai forestWilderness in the Rūdninkai polygon'''Rūdninkai Forest''' () is the fifth-largest forest in Lithuania.", "This old-growth forest in southeastern Lithuania is south of Vilnius.", "The forest is within the Vilnius, Šalčininkai and Varėna district municipalities.The forest stretches over , of which is covered with trees.", "The Pirčiupiai-Eišiškės road crosses the forest's western part, while the Pirčiupiai-Jašiūnai road goes through the northern part.", "In the forest's north is the town of Baltoji Vokė and roughly to the southeast is Šalčininkai." ], [ "Geography", "The Rūdninkai forest consists of 23 smaller forests, of which the biggest are the following: Dargužiai, Jašiūnai, , , Pirčiupiai, , , and , Valkininkai, and more.", "Two-thirds of the forest is considered to be of state importance, of which a part belongs to the Ministry of National Defence, while the rest is privately-owned.The forest stretches from east to west.", "In the south, the Šalčia river separates the Rūdninkai forest from the .", "The Merkys (and its small tributaries , , Didysis Pirčiupis, Mažasis Pirčiupis, Upėsė) flows along the forest's northern and western edge, and in the southern part the Šalčia (tributary of the Merkys) and its tributary (its tributaries Kernavė, Didelis Cudykas).The forest stretches along the southern part of the sandy , which consists of Merkis old valley.", "In the west and northwest, it reaches the eastern edge of the Merkys middle stream - the Vokė outwash plain, which gradually transitions to the Merkys terraced plain towards the east.", "In the vicinity of Pirčiupia and Rūdninkai, the terraced plain is about in absolute height and very wet.", "There are large marshes, those of Maceliai, Raudonelė, Rūdninkai, , Žygmantiškės; the tributaries of the Merkys begin in them.A stretch of inland dunes stretches from the northeast to the southwest in the middle of the Rūdninkai forest.", "On the eastern edge of the dune in large thermokarst hummocks which have the marshes of Kernavas, Skersbalė, Gulbinai, Visinčia-Samanynė and the lakes of Kernavas and Šulnis.", "The dune has an absolute height of − in some places, with the highest point being the Kuliamas mountain with .", "Groundwater is located shallow; it is rich in iron.Woodland areas deforested in 2023 to set up a military training groundThe northern part of the forest is occupied by the former Soviet Rūdninkai training ground, where open sands and heaths predominate.Wolf tracks on the forest path" ], [ "Tree type", "Forest vegetation is barren or fertile, usually normally moist, but sometimes temporarily soaked.", "Part of the swamps and wet stands have been drained.+Type of treeLithuanian namePercentage of the forestpine forests62%birch15%fir14%alfalfa8%tremors1%''Pulsatilla patens'' in the forestYoung trees make up 30% of the woods, middle-aged trees 45%, maturing trees 13%, mature trees 12%.", "The average age of the stands is 54 years, rating II.2, fineness 0.75, volume 207 m³/ha, annual growth 6 m³/ha." ], [ "Animals", "Moose, wild boars, roe deer, wolves, red foxes, lynxes, common raccoon dogs, European hares, red squirrels, European pine martens, European badgers, beavers, otters, and muskrats live in the forest.", "There is a variety of birds (black grouses, western capercaillies, hazel grouses, Eurasian woodcocks, waterfowl and birds of prey).", "Rare birds are protected: grouses, western capercaillies, European honey buzzards, boreal owls, European nightjars, woodlark, Eurasian three-toed woodpeckers, tawny pipit." ], [ "History", "The forest in the winter of 1910Jašiūnai-Pirčiupiai road through Rūdninkai forest=== In the Grand Duchy of Lithuania ===In the 15th century, the Rūdninkai forest was part of a huge forest massif that extended south from Vilnius and covered almost all southeastern Lithuania.There were small deposits of iron ore in the forest, which have been used since ancient times.", "The place names , , show the former iron foundries.European bison, aurochs, and bears bred in the forest.", "In 1470, Casimir IV Jagiellon founded a hunting estate and a menagerie in the forest.", "The hunting lodges and menageries of the Lithuanian grand dukes existed until the 17th century, when they were destroyed during the Deluge.=== In the Russian Empire ===In 1795, as a result of the Third Partition of Poland–Lithuania, the greater part of the forest went to the treasury of the Russian Empire.", "In the 18th–19th centuries, many forests were distributed to private owners.", "Forests were intensively cut down, hunting fauna was destroyed.", "The last bear in Lithuania was shot in this forest in 1885==== Uprising of 1831 ====During the uprising of 1831, the Vilnius University's Students' Legion was formed.==== Uprising of 1863 ====Imperial Russian army Lieutenant ArbuzovSeveral engagements of the uprising of 1863 happened in the Rūdninkai forest.", "More than one monument was built in the forest to commemorate this event.", "One of them was built in 1975 on the northern outskirts of Rūdninkai village, on the right bank of Merkys, near the cemetery.Also, at the place of a battle between the insurgents and the Imperial Russian army, a monument to the Tsarist army's lieutenant Arbuzov was built, while a monument to the rebels was built nearby later.There is also a wooden cross for the fallen rebels in the Senieji Maceliai cemetery.", "Here, 22 rebels were killed while fighting with the enemy.", "The villagers buried them and built a tall oak cross.=== 20th century ======= Interwar ====During the interwar, the forest belonged to the Second Polish Republic.", "Ignacy Mościcki, the president of Poland from 1926 to 1939, used to come here to hunt.", "Forester Włodzimierz Korsak, who worked in the old Rūdninkai Forestry, wrote the book \"Rūdninkai Forest\".==== World War II ====During the war, the Germans burned several villages in the forest.", "On 3 June 1944, German soldiers, in revenge for the killing of several of their comrades by Soviet partisans, burned the village of Pirčiupiai together with 119 inhabitants.", "On 9 April 1944, they surrounded the village of , 12 people were shot dead by a sniper near the former Beiteranas estate, another 18 people were killed in farmer Godlevskis' barn.", "At the same time, the village's inhabitants and the people who fled from Belarus that stayed in the estate were killed.", "The Germans also burned the villages of Kernavė and Gudeliai, which were in the forest.===== Soviet partisans =====During World War II, Soviet partisans were active in the forest, who established a base in the Rūdninkai forest.", "During the postwar Soviet occupation, this base was turned into a museum after the war (a branch of the LSSR Revolution Museum).===== Polish partisans =====Polish Home Army (AK) units also existed in the Rūdninkai Forest.", "A cross was erected for the fallen AK insurgents, the inscription of which indicates the burial location of 25 Home Army members, who died in an unequal struggle against the NKVD on 1945 January 6–7.===== Lithuanian partisans =====Since 1944, the Lithuanian partisans of the Dainava military district's Kazimieraitis territorial unit were active in Rūdninkai forest.", "In this forest, there was no large-scale organized resistance like elsewhere in Lithuania, both due to the forest's geographical location and the local population's attitudes.=== Soviet occupation of Lithuania ===Bažnyčios HillDuring the Soviet occupation of Lithuania, a military training ground was set up in Rūdninkai forest, where bombing exercises took place, leaving holes and sand dunes left by explosives.", "Unexploded charges are still found in the forest.=== Restoration of Lithuanian independence ===After the restoration of Lithuanian independence, a Lithuanian army battalion was stationed in Rūdninkai forest, later, the training center of the Public Security Service was located here.In 2022, the military training ground in the forest was reopened for active use." ], [ "Space", "In block 98 of the Rūdninkai forest, there is a burial mound of Senieji Maceliai, in block 21, there are the graves of the rebels of the uprising of 1863.In block 68, there is the Šilėnai forest - the Jundiliškės burial mound, as well as the Žygmantiškės burial mound, Bažnyčios hill, Kuršiai stones with footprints, memorials of the burnt villages of Pirčiupiai and Gumbas.", "village, deep in the Rūdninkų forestA large part of the forest has been declared a protected area: Rūdninkai Biosphere Reserve, Rūdninkai Landscape Reserve, Zygmantiškės Geomorphological Reserve, Kernavas Thermological Reserve, Šalčia Hydrographic Reserve, Visinčia Hydrographic Reserve, Visinčia Landscape Reserve.", "Areas important for the protection of natural habitats are distinguished: Rūdninkai heaths, Visinčia river valley near Gudelai, Kernavas marsh, Šalčia and Visinčia river valleys.Roads Pirčiupiai–Eišiškės, Pirčiupiai–Jašiūnai, A4 Vilnius–Varėna–Grodno, Vilnius–Lida railway pass along the forest's outskirts.", "The entire central part of the forest is uninhabited.", "Baltoji Vokė, , , , are located in the northern part, , , , , , in the east, Pirčiupiai, , , Užuperkasis, Dargužiai, Valkininkai in the south, the small village of , , ." ], [ "References" ], [ "Sources", "* * * *" ] ]

[ [ "Circle Theatre (Broadway)" ], [ "Introduction", "The '''Circle Theatre''' was a Broadway theatre, concert hall, movie theatre, and venue for vaudeville and burlesque located at the corner of Broadway and West 60th Street.", "It was the first theatre built in the Columbus Circle area of Manhattan.", "It's address was 1825 Broadway." ], [ "History", "The Circle Theatre was initially envisioned by Charles Evans and W.D.", "Mann to be a theatre for vaudeville and burlesque entertainments.", "They hired architect Charles Cavenaugh to design the theatre and it was built in 1901.Moral opposition from the nearby St. Paul the Apostle Church, however, forced Evans and Mann to change the offerings of the theatre to one of more refined entertainment.", "Accordingly, the theatre opened as the '''Circle Music Hall''' and served as a venue for orchestra concerts in its early years.", "After losing money as a venue for classical music, the Circle Theatre began to present vaudeville entertainments in 1902 under the name the Circle Theatre.", "In 1905 it became a burlesque house operated by the Columbia Amusement Company.", "It was later re-designed by architect Thomas W. Lamb in 1906 and converted into a legitimate theater for musicals.", "It operated as a theatre for Broadway musicals for the next several years with it's last legitimate staging being a revival of ''The Chocolate Soldier'' in October 1910.After this, the theatre was used for vaudeville and burlesque before it was purchased by the Loews movie theatre chain and converted into a movie theatre.", "It operated as a movie theatre until 1935 when it was bombed in a labor dispute.", "In 1939 the building was converted into the Columbus Circle Roller Rink.", "The building was demolished in 1954 to make way for the New York Coliseum." ], [ "Notable productions", "*''The-Merry-Go-Round'' (1908)*''In Hayti'' (1909)" ], [ "References" ], [ "External links", "* Circle Theatre at the Internet Broadway Database" ] ]

[ [ "Chernichevo, Plovdiv Province" ], [ "Introduction", "'''Chernichevo''' () is a village in central Bulgaria.", "It has a population of 378 as of 2022." ], [ "Geography", "Chernichevo is located in Plovdiv Province and has a territory of 18.297 km2.It is part of Hisarya Municipality and lies some 4 km south of the municipal center Hisarya.", "It has direct road connections with the villages of Staro Zhelezare to the west and Kaloyanovo to the south.Chernichevo is situated in the Upper Thracian Plain, at the southern foothills of the Sredna Gora mountain range." ], [ "Economy", "The village is situated in a fertile agricultural region.", "The main crops include orchards, vegetables and grapes.", "The most important livestock are sheep." ], [ "Gallery", "File:Църквата „Свети Никола“ (1 886 г.", ").jpg File:Черничево кметство.jpgFile:Черничево войнишки паметник.jpg" ], [ "Citations" ], [ "References", "*" ] ]

[ [ "Harima no Tsubone" ], [ "Introduction", "'''Harima no Tsubone''' (播磨局) was a Japanese female samurai warlord and chief of Amakusa clan during the mid-Kamakura period.", "She was the daughter of Amakusa Taneuji, a warrior from Hizen Province.", "She is best known for her role in defending Shimoshima island during the Mongol invasion.", "Her given name was Ōkura no Ōiko (大蔵太子)." ], [ "Life", "Harima no Tsubone's father, Amakusa Taneuji, who was descended from the Ōkura clan, was the lord of the newly developed territory of Shimoshima Island in Amakusa.", "In 1233, he entrusted the position of head of the territory, which was part of his main estate, to his daughter Harima, thereby making her the head of the Amakusa clan.", "In 1281, during the Mongol invasions of Japan, Harima no Tsubone personally led troops into battle and achieved military success due to the miraculous power of Suwa Myojin.", "In 1283, she had a branch shrine of Suwa Taisha established within her territory, known as the Moto-watari Suwa Shrine.", "Additionally, she established the Kemmyōji temple in Kamegawa as her father's memorial temple and donated temple land.", "Having no children of her own, she adopted her nephew, Tanezane, as her heir, who then succeeded her as the head of the Amakusa clan.", "Tanezane also distinguished himself in battle and was appointed to a high position within the Amakusa clan during the Mongol invasions." ], [ "See also", "* List of female castellans in Japan" ], [ "Sources", "=== Notes ====== References ===" ], [ "Bibliography", "* * *" ] ]

[ [ "Raffaele Delfino" ], [ "Introduction", "'''Raffaele Delfino''' (12 March 1931 – 19 February 2024) was an Italian journalist and politician.", "A member of the Italian Social Movement and National Democracy, he served in the Chamber of Deputies from 1958 to 1979.Delfino died in Rome on 19 February 2024, at the age of 92." ], [ "References" ] ]

[ [ "List of investigative journalists" ], [ "Introduction", "This is a '''list of investigative journalists'''Only a small proportion of journalism consists of investigative journalism.", "However, the few who practice it can have a disproportionately large effect when their work brings attention to matters people care about but are unaware of." ], [ "Practicing investigative journalists", "This is a *very* partial list.", "As of early 2024, the Global Investigative Journalism Network currently has 249 members (most or all of which are networks or outlets serving multiple journalists), and Investigative Reporters and Editors has over 4,500 members practicing in the USA and around the world.", "* Hopewell Chin'ono (born 1971) — became internationally known for reporting on corruption in Zimbabwe when he was imprisoned for 45 days for it in 2020.", "* Bob Woodward (born 1943) – most famous for reporting on the Watergate scandal at the ''Washington Post'', (where he is now associate editor)* Carl Bernstein (born 1944) – most famous for reporting on the Watergate scandal at the ''Washington Post''* Seymour Hersh (born 1937) – investigative journalist and political writer" ], [ "Deceased or retired investigative journalists", "* Ida B.", "Wells (1862–1931) – investigative journalist and reformer, noted for investigating lynching in the United States* I.F.", "Stone (1907–1989) – also the publisher of ''I.F.", "Stone's Weekly''* Ida Tarbell* Paul Y. Anderson (1893–1938) – winner of Pulitzer Prize 1929* C. P. Connolly (1863–1935) – radical investigative journalist associated for many years with ''Collier's Weekly''* Julius Chambers (1850–1920) — most famous for getting himself committed to an insane asylum, to be able to report from within, which led to changes both organizational and legal changes* Nellie Bly* Upton Sinclair* Bill Dedman" ], [ "References" ] ]

[ [ "In Hayti" ], [ "Introduction", "'''''In Hayti''''' is a musical in three acts with music by Jean Schwartz, lyrics by William Jerome, and a book by John J. McNally.", "It premiered at Broadway's Circle Theatre on August 30, 1909.It closed after 56 performances on October 16, 1909.Produced by Klaw and Erlanger, the show was directed by A. H. Holbrook and choreographed by Julian Alfred.", "The work was created as a starring vehicle for vaudeville and minstrel show stars James McIntyre and Thomas Heath who were known for their work as blackface performers.", "It was the second musical created by the songwriting team of Schwartz and Jerome for McIntyre and Heatth; the first being the tremendously popular 1905 musical ''The Ham Tree''.The plot of the show revolves around Colonel Scott's attempt to control the chicken market in Haiti in the midst of a revolution." ], [ "References", "===Citations======Bibliography===**" ], [ "External links", "*" ] ]

[ [ "Pesnopoy, Plovdiv Province" ], [ "Introduction", "'''Pesnopoy''' () is a village in central Bulgaria.", "It has a population of 434 as of 2022." ], [ "Geography", "Pesnopoy is located in Plovdiv Province and has a territory of 32.046 km2.It is part of Kaloyanovo Municipality.", "Closest towns are the spa resorts of Hisarya to the west and Banya to the north, both at less than 10 km.The village is served by the second class II-64 road in the section Plovdiv–Karlovo and railway line No.", "82 Plovdiv–Karlovo.Pesnopoy is situated close to the right bank of the river Stryama in the Upper Thracian Plain, at the southern foothills of the Sredna Gora mountain range.", "There is a mineral springs and a pubic bath." ], [ "Citations" ], [ "References", "*" ] ]

[ [ "Wolf Fork (Touchet River tributary)" ], [ "Introduction", "The '''Wolf Fork''' is a long headwater stream of the Touchet River in Columbia County, Washington.", "Draining off the northern Blue Mountains from in between Griffin Peak and Ski Bluewood, it flows north through a narrow valley along the eastern side of Newby Mountain.", "At the small cabin community of Mountain Home Park, it is joined from the left by Robinson Fork.", "It continues north to join the North Fork Touchet River, which joins with the South Fork Touchet River another downstream to form the Touchet River near Dayton." ], [ "See also", "*List of rivers of Washington" ], [ "References" ] ]

[ [ "Oriana Weatherbee Day" ], [ "Introduction", "'''Oriana Weatherbee Day''' ( – ) was an American painter.", "She was the second (after Henry Chapman Ford) person to paint all 21 Spanish missions in California.", "Oriana Weatherbee Day was born on in Marshfield, Massachusetts, one of 11 children of George Henry Weatherbee and Sarah Briggs Clapp Weatherbee.", "She married Dr. William E. Rice in 1860 and they had a daughter before they divorced.", "She married John Adams Day, a clerk, in 1868.She worked as an artist in Boston and exhibited three of her works at the Twelfth Massachusetts Charitable Mechanics Association Exhibition in 1874.In 1877, they relocated to Vallejo, California, where her husband worked at the Mare Island Naval Shipyard.", "Through their friendship with his son Platon, Day painted a number of portraits and historical scenes of Mariano Vallejo.", "Originally planned to illustrate a never-completed history of the Spanish missions written by the Vallejos, Day completed her series of mission paintings in 1884.Oriana Weatherbee Day died on 28 May 1886 in San Francisco." ], [ "References" ] ]

[ [ "Middletown Chapter, Alpha Delta Phi Society" ], [ "Introduction", "The Middletown Chapter of the Alpha Delta Phi Society (ADPS) is a Greek letter co-educational literary societylocated on the campus of Wesleyan University in Middletown, Connecticut.", "The Middletown Chapter was founded in 1856 from the combination of two rival societies on Wesleyan’s campus.", "The current chapter house, built between 1904 and 1906, sits at 185 High Street in Middletown, at the corner of Wesleyan's college row." ], [ "History", "=== Early History and Founding ===The institution we now know as Middletown Chapter originated in 1856, beginning its history by merging two rival organizations.", "The Betrian Society of Wesleyan University was organized in 1847 from an older association, Alpha Psi.", "The Lebanian Society began in 1854 with four members, adding many more members to its roll during its first year.", "A fierce rivalry existed between these two groups, almost since the latter's formation.", "In 1855, both literary societies patronized the Chronometer Eating Club.", "A gastronomic fellowship thus ensued, somewhat neutralizing the hostility.The annual Convention of Alpha Delta Phi in 1856 was held in New Haven, and both the Betrians and the Lebanians presented petitions for charters.", "Until the fact was disclosed at the Convention, neither society knew that the other was considering a petition to Alpha Delta Phi.", "Since the Convention delegates determine the bestowing of charters, a vote was taken to determine to whom initiation privileges should be extended.", "Each group's supporters in the Fraternity split the Convention and no decision was reached.It soon became evident that since neither party was powerful enough to defeat the other, neither could succeed by itself.", "Debate ensued until someone proposed that, since a charter could not be given to either one of the groups, the two societies should unite and accept the charter together.", "This motion was passed.", "On July 31, 1856, the Middletown Chapter became the eighteenth chapter of Alpha Delta Phi, as the Betrians and Lebanians were initiated into the fraternity at the McDonough House, a hotel at Main and Court Streets, site of the present day Liberty Bank.For the next 28 years, the chapter rented rooms for meeting and eating.", "The location of the meeting room is unknown, probably kept secret to guard against the trickery then common among rival societies.After the society stabilized and had a house, membership steadily grew—barring drops due to enlistment during the first and second World Wars.=== Co-Education ===Slowly but surely, the changing moods on campus in the '60s took their toll on the chapter.", "By the early '70s, membership had fallen, and the house was in disrepair.Still, the chapter needed a major change to revitalize its shrinking membership and morale.", "One morning in 1972, a group of female students knocked on Alpha Delt's front door, asking if there were any rooms for rent.", "The housing had always been reserved for men, but since the rooms were otherwise going to remain empty, the chapter was more than willing to collect rent money from whomever it could.", "These women soon became integrated into all aspects of life at Alpha Delt except those restricted to members.", "After about six months the brothers took the next logical step and the women were invited to pledge.", "Tracy Winn, one of the first female members, said, “...I don't know what transpired behind the scenes.", "I don't know if they were planning to go co-ed for a while, or whether we got the ball rolling.", "Either way, I guess that was the beginning of a major change.” In 1973, Middletown Alpha Delta Phi initiated its first co-educational pledge class, and the chapter experienced a surge of growth and energy still evident today.Middletown then became embroiled in the broader debate around coeducation that ended in 1993 with the separation of the male-only Alpha Delta Phi Fraternity and the co-ed Alpha Delta Phi Society." ], [ "House", "Alpha Delta Phi Middletown ChapterThe house at 185 High Street is one of the defining features of the Middletown Chapter.", "Efforts to acquire a chapter house began in 1876.The first proposed new home for the society was \"a very fine old stone mansion\" on High Street.", "Money was raised, but unexpected problems arose and plans to acquire this building were abandoned.", "The house was later purchased by the same group who owns it today — the Delta Kappa Epsilon Fraternity.After this disappointment, more fundraising was done and in 1880 property on Wyllys Avenue was purchased.", "Three years later, however, this lot was also deemed unsuitable and was resold.", "It later became home to the Skull and Serpent Society.", "At this time, Alpha Delt procured the land on which the current house sits.At that time, Cross Street ran in front of the house and continued up past Judd Hall.", "A housing report from the turn of the century describes the location for the new Alpha Delta Phi house: “Plans were promptly drawn up and in the fall the building was begun on the lot at the Corner of High and Cross Streets.", "The location could scarcely be bettered.", "It is both prominent and secluded, both beautiful and convenient.”The central room was dedicated on May 29, 1884, during the 52nd Convention of the Fraternity, which was held in Middletown.", "According to the ''Wesleyan Argus'', the first commencement banquet in the new house took place on July 1, 1884, although no one lived in the house until the following year.", "The cost of construction of this house was $25,000.Unfortunately, the original house was rather poorly constructed.", "Therefore, it was torn down to make room for a new house, which was built between 1904 and 1906.The new house was home to 21 students.", "It is the main section of the house that still stands today.In 1929, Cross Street was closed between High Street and Vine Street, and Church Street was extended to its present length." ], [ "Notable Alumni", "* John Perry Barlow (Wesleyan University, 1969) – poet, essayist, lyricist for the Grateful Dead, co-founder of Electronic Frontier Foundation* Abram W. Harris (Wesleyan University, 1880) – president of Northwestern University and University of Maine* Pagan Kennedy (Wesleyan University, 1984) – author, pioneer of 1990s zine movement* George V. N. Lothrop (Brown University, 1838) – Michigan Attorney General* Monica Louwerens (Wesleyan University, 1995) – actress and Miss America contestant* Robert Ludlum (Wesleyan University, 1951) – novelist* Michael S. Roth (Wesleyan University, 1978) – president of Wesleyan University* George Washington Shonk (Wesleyan University, 1873) – U.S. House of Representatives* Herbert B. Shonk (Wesleyan University, 1873) – New York State Assembly, attorney* Watson G. Squire (Wesleyan University, 1859) – U.S.", "Senator, Ohio Attorney General* Charles Wardell Stiles (Wesleyan University, 1886) – zoologist, parasitologist with U.S. Department of Agriculture" ], [ "See Also", "Alpha Delta Phi SocietyWesleyan University" ] ]

[ [ "Henry Saenz Ramos" ], [ "Introduction", "'''Henry Saenz Ramos''' is a Guatemalan politician who has been the Minister of National Defense, since January 2024, under the government of Bernardo Arévalo.", "He got a masters degree in Resource and Technology Management." ], [ "References" ] ]

[ [ "Abdullah Bugshan" ], [ "Introduction", "'''Abdullah bin Ahmed Saeed Bugshan (''') is a Saudi businessman of Hadhrami origins." ], [ "Early life", "Bugshan was born in 1955 in Mecca, Saudi Arabia.", "He studied for elementary school in Mecca until the 5th grade, after which he went to Jeddah following his father's death and graduated from high school in 1972." ], [ "References" ] ]

[ [ "Samuel Mattos" ], [ "Introduction", "'''Samuel Pereira de Mattos''' (born 15 May 1933), is a Brazilian former professional footballer who played as a forward." ], [ "Career", "Born in Rio de Janeiro, Mattos moved to São Paulo at a young age and began his career with Palmeiras youth team.", "He remained at the club until 1955, when he was traded to XV de Piracicaba, and then to Fluminense.", "In 1957 he was hired by Vitória and became largely responsible for winning the 1957 state title, becoming top scorer and scoring 4 goals in a single game against Bahia, which earned him a call-up to the Brazil national team that participated in the Copa Bernardo O'Higgins.", "He later played for Bahia, Leônico and Redenção.", "After retiring, he trained as a lawyer and became a municipal judge in Salvador, the city where he still lives." ], [ "Honours", ";Vitória*Campeonato Baiano: 1957;Individual*1957 Campeonato Baiano top scorer: 14 goals" ], [ "References" ], [ "External links", "* Mattos at ogol.com.br *" ] ]

[ [ "Olga Kusenko" ], [ "Introduction", "'''Olga Yakivna Kusenko''' (; 11 November 1919, Kaniv, Kyiv province - 17 November, 1997, Kyiv) was a Ukrainian actress who became the People's Artist of the Ukrainian SSR (1962) and the People's Artist of the USSR (1967).", "She was Yuri Tymoshenko's first wife." ], [ "Biography", "She was born in 1919 in the city of Kaniv (now Cherkasy Oblast).", "From 1937 to 1941, she studied at the Kyiv Theater Institute (H. Polezhayeva's course).", "Since 1942, she was an artist of the Stalingrad Front Theater, then of the Theater of the 4th Ukrainian Front.", "Conducted more than 450 concerts on the front lines.", "3 1944 she worked at the Ivan Franko National Academic Drama Theater.She was a deputy of the Supreme Soviet of the Ukrainian Soviet Socialist Republic of the 6th–8th convocations (1963–1975).She died on November 17, 1997 in Kyiv.", "She was buried at the Baikove Cemetery." ], [ "Honors", "* Awarded the orders of the Order of the Red Banner of Labour, Order of the Badge of Honour, medals.", "* Winner of the Stalin Prize (1951).", "* Award named after M. Zankovetska (1997, posthumous)" ], [ "References" ] ]

[ [ "Robinson Fork (Touchet River tributary)" ], [ "Introduction", "The '''Robinson Fork''' is a headwater stream of the Touchet River, about long, in Columbia County, Washington.", "Originating in the northern Blue Mountains near Griffin Peak, it flows north through a narrow valley in between Robinette Mountain (to the west) and Newby Mountain.", "It empties into the Wolf Fork at the small community of Mountain Home Park.", "The Wolf Fork joins the North Fork Touchet River, which in turn joins with the South Fork Touchet River near Dayton to form the main stem of the Touchet." ], [ "See also", "*List of rivers of Washington" ], [ "References" ] ]

[ [ "Veren" ], [ "Introduction", "'''Veren''' () is a village in central Bulgaria.", "It has a population of 178 as of 2022." ], [ "Geography", "Veren is located in Stara Zagora Province and has a territory of 19.787 km2.It is part of Bratya Daskalovi Municipality and lies 6 km north of the municipal center Bratya Daskalovi.", "It also has a direct road connection to the neighbouring villages of Pravoslav to the west and Medovo to the northeast.", "Veren is situated in the Chirpan Heights of the Sredna Gora mountain range." ], [ "Economy", "Agriculture is the most important economic sector.", "To the north of the village there are meadows and forests, while to the south there are farmlands, growing cereals, sunflower, maize, orchards and grapes." ], [ "Citations" ], [ "References", "*" ] ]

[ [ "African Creators Summit" ], [ "Introduction", "African Creators Summit is the first pan-African summit for creatives across different sectors.It is a yearly conference held with its first edition held in Lagos State, Nigeria." ], [ "History", "The African Creators Summit was founded in 2022.It was founded by Unique Kings Obi and Oladapo Adewunmi.It is a gathering of African creatives across different sectors.", "It held its first conference on 25 and 26 January at Balmoral Event Centre, Federal Palace Hotel, Lagos State, Nigeria.", "It had over 1,000 creators from all across Africa.The summit was anchored by Nigerian comedian Laisisi Elenu and Kie Kie.", "The speakers included Aproko Doctor, Real warripikin, Daddy Freeze, Mark Angel, Omowunmi Akinnifesi among others." ], [ "References" ] ]

[ [ "Chighitma" ], [ "Introduction", "'''Chighitma or chighirtma''' (azeri: چیغیتما) is a kind of local food in ardabil, which is mostly served as breakfast and usually accompanied by local bread \"Somi \" or \"sangak\".", "The meaning of the name Chighitma is literally \"to scream\", which is named this way because of the special type of roasting of food." ], [ "Ingredients", "The main ingredients of this food are:Chicken (preferably chicken breast)* egg* an onion* Butter* tomato* potato* Salt* Black pepper* Turmeric* Bo leaf.Sausage is also used instead of chicken." ], [ "Recipes", "Potatoes are peeled and sliced, then fried in a pan with some salt until roasted.", "If you like, you can put a little turmeric in the oil to make the potatoes more colorful, then add the potatoes.Frying tomatoesIn the same pan as the fried potatoes, put the tomatoes that are washed and cut into small rings or cubes and fried with oil until they soften a little.The last stageBreak the egg into the bowl, add a little black pepper and salt, and stir it with a hand mixer or fork until it becomes lumpy.", "Butter is added to the frying tomatoes along with chicken and potatoes, and the beaten egg is poured on them and heated until the egg hardens, then it is served with rice or bread and pickles.cooking chickenFirst, put the chicken breast with 1 onion cut into 4 pieces, bay leaf, salt, black pepper and turmeric into the pot and add some water to cook the chicken on low heat.", "Butter or oil is poured and the chicken breast is fried until it is roasted and golden.Frying potatoes" ], [ "National Register in Iran", "The skill of cooking food was recorded in 2021 and the name of the food in 2024 under the name of Ardabil in Iran's national intangible works." ], [ "See also", "* National dish* Local food" ], [ "References" ] ]

[ [ "2024 Speedway of Nations" ], [ "Introduction", "The '''2024 Speedway of Nations''' will be the sixth edition of the Speedway of Nations, a pairs competition for national teams in motorcycle speedway.", "The competition will consist of four events, taking place at the National Speedway Stadium in Manchester, England, between 9 July and 13 July 2024.The under-21 Speedway of Nations 2 will take place at the same venue on 12 July." ], [ "References" ] ]

[ [ "Robert H. Brooks (soldier)" ], [ "Introduction", "'''Robert Harold Brooks''' (October 8, 1915 – December 8, 1941) was a United States Army soldier.", "He was the first Army Armored Branch casualty of World War II, being killed hours after the attack on Pearl Harbor." ], [ "Biography", "Brooks was born in Sadieville, Kentucky, on October 8, 1915, to a family of African-American sharecroppers.", "He worked as a sales clerk in adulthood, moving to Hamilton, Ohio.", "In the early 1940s, Brooks joined the army from Hamilton as a private.", "He was trained at Fort Knox and qualified as a half-track and tank driver, but was assigned to maintenance following specialized instruction.", "As a light-skinned Black man, he was officially classified as white, allowing him to join the all-white D Company, 192nd Tank Battalion, known as the Harrodsburg Tankers after the Kentucky town they were stationed in as a National Guard unit.", "After basic training, the unit conducted exercises at Camp Polk in Louisiana.", "They traveled through San Francisco and Honolulu to the Philippines, arriving in December 1941.On December 8, 1941, at 12:45 p.m., Brooks's unit was stationed at Clark Field on Luzon.", "Most of the soldiers were at lunch, although Brooks and other mechanics were working.", "At that time, Japanese aircraft began strafing and bombing the airfield.", "Other soldiers saw Brooks running towards his half-track, apparently to use its .50-caliber machine gun to shoot at the planes.", "A bomb struck nearby, killing him instantly." ], [ "Aftermath", "When Fort Knox's commander, Major General Jacob L. Devers, learned of Brooks's death, he decided to name the fort's main parade ground after Brooks.", "When an aide informed Devers that Brooks was African-American, the first time that the army had learned his racial identity, Devers replied, \"It did not matter whether or not Robert was Black, what mattered was that he had given his life for his country.\"", "On December 23, 1941, six generals and eighty other officers, along with Brooks's parents, commemorated him during the naming ceremony.", "Prayers were offered, and \"Taps\" was played.In 1942, a Central High School teacher wrote a song memorializing Brooks.", "It was published by W. C. Handy Brothers Music Company.After the war, Brooks's remains were moved to the Manila American Cemetery, where they were re-interred.", "He was posthumously promoted to private first class and awarded the Purple Heart.", "He is honored in his hometown, Sadieville, with a historical marker." ], [ "Notes" ], [ "References" ] ]

[ [ "Varben, Plovdiv Province" ], [ "Introduction", "'''Varben''' () is a village in central Bulgaria.", "It has a population of 147 as of 2022.It was established by refugees from the village of Poibrene, after the Ottomans quelled the April Uprising of 1876." ], [ "Geography", "Varben is located in Plovdiv Province and has a territory of 31.494 km2.It is part of Brezovo Municipality.", "It is situated some 45 km northeast of Bulgaria’s second largest city Plovdiv.", "The nearest villages are Sarnegor to the northwest, Strelets to the southwest and Zlatosel to the east.Varben is situated at the southern foothills of the Sredna Gora mountain range facing the Upper Thracian Plain." ], [ "Economy", "The village is situated in a fertile agricultural region.", "The main crops include orchards and grapes.", "The most important livestock are cattle, sheep and goats." ], [ "Citations" ], [ "References", "*" ] ]

[ [ "Elisabeth Djouka" ], [ "Introduction", "'''Elisabeth Djouka''' (died 11 February 2024) was a Cameroonian nationalist militant.", "She was known for her incarceration in Bafoussam Prison and her mugshot captioned \"outlaw\"." ], [ "Biography", "Djouka was originally from Bamendjou and took on arms training in Batié while she was only a teenager.", "She was nicknamed \"la douce\", or \"the sweet one\" because she cooked food for her fellow militants.A committed nationalist, Djouka was a young bride and her family believed she had died following her first arrest.", "She was thrown into Bafoussam Prison and became famous from her mugshot, taken in February 1969.Several sources alleged that she suffered extensive sexual assault, rendering her infertile.Elisabeth Djouka died on 11 February 2024.Her funeral was organised for 2 March 2024." ], [ "References" ] ]

[ [ "Alpowa Creek" ], [ "Introduction", "'''Alpowa Creek''' is a stream in Garfield and Asotin Counties, southeastern Washington.", "It starts near Peola, about south of Pomeroy, in the foothills of the northern Blue Mountains just outside the Umatilla National Forest.", "It initially flows north through farmland before descending northeast into a canyon, flanked to the north by Alpowa Ridge and to the south by Knotgrass Ridge.", "It receives Stember Creek from the left; downstream of there, U.S. Highway 12 runs parallel to it.", "It empties into the Snake River at Lower Granite Lake, the impoundment formed by Lower Granite Dam, about to the west of Clarkston.The creek's name derives from the Nez Perce ''Alpahwah'' or ''Elpawawe'' meaning \"a spring forming a creek\", which was the name of a Nez Perce village that once stood at the confluence of Alpowa Creek and the Snake River.", "The creek supports a minor population of Snake River steelhead trout.", "Due to the impacts of livestock grazing and water diversion for agriculture, it has been designated a priority restoration reach by the Snake River Salmon Recovery Board." ], [ "See also", "*List of rivers of Washington*Indian Timothy Memorial Bridge" ], [ "References" ] ]

[ [ "Lee Medical Building" ], [ "Introduction", "The '''Lee Medical Building''' is a historic office building located in Richmond, Virginia.", "It was constructed in 1952, and is a six-story, building designed in the Colonial Revival style.", "The building occupies a prominent site on Monument Avenue in the city, located on a corner lot across from and facing the since-removed Robert E. Lee Monument, and was the only office building in that primarily residential neighborhood.It resides within the Monument Avenue Historic District, but was built outside of that area's period of significance and so is not a contributing structure.", "The office building itself was listed to the National Register of Historic Places in 2018." ], [ "History", "The history of Monument Avenue dates to 1887, when it was decided to place a monument to Robert E. Lee in a field west of the city of Richmond.", "The area surrounding the monument was platted and sold to speculators, and city services were extended to the vicinity, but the panic of 1893 cooled the real estate market.", "Though the monument to Lee was dedicated in 1890, it was 1903 before the first house was built on Monument Avenue." ], [ "References" ] ]