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Not an answer, but another thing to crash your brain: apparently hearing yourself speak with a few seconds of delay can fix stuttering. </s>

This is called the stenger phenomenon, and it’s used in audiology if you suspect malingering - someone claiming to have worse hearing than they do. You have them read a passage, and play back their voice with a delay at a volume they shouldn’t be able to hear it at if they’re being honest with their other tests, and watch for them to stumble. </s>

<s>[INST] Explain like I'm five years old: Why does hearing yourself speak with a few seconds of delay, completely crash your brain? [/INST]

Many noodles in Asian cuisine are used as a symbol for longevity and prosperity. </s>

Cat ear noodles is a short noodle (Chinese), as are fat wonton soup noodles which is just cut. Hattojiru is another from Japan (ripped by hand.) A lot of short noodle stuff are also replaced by rice cakes Chinese sautee’d rice cakes, Korean hot rice cakes, Japanese rice cake soup). Hope that helps. </s>

<s>[INST] Why do Asian cuisines tend not to use short noodles? I almost exclusively see long noodles used in Asian cuisine, but no short noodle shapes like penne, fusilli, etc. Is there a reason for this? And if there are any Asian cuisines that make use of short noodles, please do share! [/INST]

One additional point that a lot of people miss: People who are immunocompromised (due to HIV, some cancers and cancer treatments, certain genetic conditions, anti-rejection drugs, and some other medications) are at elevated risk *even if they have already been vaccinated.* This group is usually brought up in the context of 'populations that can't be vaccinated'. Yes, it's true that people who are severely immunocompromised usually can't be vaccinated. But even people who had their shots as kids and developed effective immunity are at risk if they later go on to develop an immunocompromising condition. All a vaccine does is teach your immune system how to respond to a pathogen. You still need your immune system to be in good working order when it comes time to actually mount that response. </s>

In addition to small children who can't be vaccinated yet & have an underdeveloped immune system (newborns & infants), you also have the elderly who often have not kept up on their boosters & also have a compromised immune system. Those who cannot be immunized for health reasons rely on herd immunity. </s>

<s>[INST] I keep hearing about outbreaks of measles and whatnot due to people not vaccinating their children. Aren't the only ones at danger of catching a disease like measles the ones who do not get vaccinated? [/INST]

When looking at the universe as a whole, one uses the FLRW metric in which time is unaffected by any modification (-c^2 dt^2 + a(t) dΣ^2 ). Observers in local regions of spacetime would, however, measure a different age of the universe based on their local curvature. So, yes, the universe is the same age everywhere, but not every observer would calculate the same age of the universe unless they use GR to correct their observation. </s>

The current expansionary universe starting at the Big Bang is the same age in all locations, as it all emerged from the same event. Specific structures in the universe such as stars, galaxies and the various forms of matter have ages less than that of the universe as they could not come into being until the universe underwent the necessary changes to allow them to form. </s>

<s>[INST] Is the universe 13.8 billion years old everywhere? [/INST]

She only comes across as uptight because she has to rein in Homer and Bart, both of whom are often behaving well past the bounds of decency even by normal, non-uptight standards. </s>

She just thinks they're neat </s>

<s>[INST] [The Simpsons] Marge Simpson is an old-fashioned, uptight, prudish and conservative person. So why does she wear a strapless tube dress in her day-to-day life? [/INST]

I occasionally get to crash trains. Well ideally they don't crash because the things I design are meant to stop it.. but I doesn't always go to plan. </s>

I get to rebuild classic cars for a living =) I got picked up by a small startup that resto-mods classic cars at scale, converting some to EV. It is a crazy job where we get to re-engineer 60 year old cars to handle tons more horsepower, more comfortability, and orders of magnitude more safety. </s>

<s>[INST] Anyone have a cool job they want to brag about? I'm sure this has been asked before, but does anyone do something super cool that they want to tell the world about? It's doesn't have to be some fancy nuclear block chain spaceship, but even just people who have a ton of creative freedom in their position. I'm just curious what a day in the life of another happy engineer is like [/INST]

Germany bombed London mercilessly. Was this considered a war crime? </s>

Question (can I ask questions here): why is Hiroshima more remembered than Nagasaki? Sometimes people will only mention Hiroshima, as if Hiroshima is a synonym for the atomic bombings. Edit: Yes I know Hiroshima was first. I knew that before I asked. That alone doesn’t answer my question. Is it just because people only remember the first one? We haven’t used the bomb hundreds of times. Why is the second one, Nagasaki, forgotten? </s>

<s>[INST] Why weren't the bombings of Hiroshima and Nagasaki considered war crimes? The United States wiped out hundreds of thousands of Japanese civilians. Was this seen as permissable at the time under the circumstances? [/INST]

From what I understand it exists as an ore that is easier to forge into pure vibranium. A few thousand years ago inventing something stronger than steel would be an absolute game changer on the battlefield, especially in Africa. You could just carve through iron or copper... Additionally its been stated the meteorite had affects on the surrounding land, enhanced animals, enhanced people, enhanced plants etc can all be found in and around Wakanda. </s>

Raw, unrefined Vibranium probably has very different properties than finished products like their spears or Cap's shield. Ultron calls it the most versatile substance on the planet so it probably has other properties other than just hard. So early Wakandans might have been capable of manipulating it until they finally learned to refine it. </s>

<s>[INST] [Marvel] How did the first Wakandians manage to use vibranium if even modern day tools or the tool of a norse god are incapable of breaking or melting it? [/INST]

Because if you don't salt the pasta water you'll have a lovely sauce served over flavorless filler. Try a taste test using the same sauce with a little bit of unsalted pasta and you'll notice how bland it is by comparison. </s>

The pasta takes on the salt. You have to season every layer when you cook. </s>

<s>[INST] What is the point of salting your pasta water if you’re just going to sauce it later? I’ve always salted my pasta water and today I thought about why. Any pasta I make is either in a red sauce, cream sauce, olive oil and garlic or butter and Parmesan. Only one of those options doesn’t contain salt. [/INST]

Wrote some new logic for an oil platform to prevent a ballast pump from dead-heading. Took for granted the initial request was vetted and accurate and wrote the logic as per spec. Turns out the vacuum switch contact was open during vacuum not closed - ended up taking the ballasting system offline and shut production for a day give or take a few hours. Rig ran at about $3 million per day, thankfully lots of checks and balances so I never really took any shit. but still had my cell ringing at 3am on Sunday morning. </s>

Expensive mistakes, Did you mean costly learning opportunities? </s>

<s>[INST] What's the most expensive mistake you've made at work? Either it was expensive for your employer, or yourself. [/INST]

Computer modeling. Chip designers use specialized software that can model electromagnetic field strength and interaction. Today, pretty much all complex products are designed on a computer before they go into production. In addition to the general design software, specialized software exists for a wide variety of simulation and modeling scenarios. For example, have a look at the electronics related product listing from Ansys. You'll see software for everything from electric motor design (which relies entirely on EM field modeling) to high-frequency signaling simulation. Ansys even makes a specific piece of software for designing PCB (circuit boards) and chip packages (when you put multiple chips on a single die). Ansys isn't the only vendor for this type of software, of course. </s>

First, by guesstimating how close different components can safely be, and then they avoid putting them any closer than that. Second, they might lower the voltage to allow them to be put closer together Third, lots and lots of testing. If it works, it works. If it doesn't work, then maybe they were a bit too close together, and separating them a bit more will fix it. </s>

<s>[INST] Explain like I'm five years old: How do chip design engineers make sure that there is no interference between different circuit modules due to electromagnetic fields, given that every circuit component is very close to each other? [/INST]

There isn't a cure, but my wife has frequent terrible debilitating migraines and her doctor gave her some samples of Nurtec (rimegepant), and BOOM, they disappear in a few minutes. The problem is the pills are like $100 a pop! Her doctor was able to get her a small amount of extras, but she treats them as precious and decides if any particular migraine is "sponge worthy" to steal a phrase. I have no idea if this works for all migraines or just the kind she gets, but she swears by it. </s>

There are many things that can cause migraines, it's it's not always easy to figure out what it is for any particular person. Which is also why we don't have a cure. </s>

<s>[INST] Explain like I'm five years old: what causes migraines and how come we haven’t developed a cure for them yet? [/INST]

I'm not a relevant expert, but doesn't cartilage usually attach to bones leaving telltale marks? Measurements of tendon attachment points gives information about muscle size, for example... </s>

The remains from cartilaginous protrusions would be visible in sedimentary deposits. For example, look at this cast made from the body of someone who died in Pompeii during the Vesuvius explosion. His cartilaginous nose is visible. Dinosaurs would have left similar impressions. </s>

<s>[INST] Explain like I'm five years old: How do we know dinosaurs didn't have cartilage protrusions like human ears and noses? [/INST]

1) go to the doctors to record any injuries 2) file police report for assault 3) sue for injuries I'm not a lawyer but get the hell out of there if you can, and make sure that this guy never does this to people renting again </s>

So it just started there? There's no previous context? I feel like there's some previous context. </s>

<s>[INST] California - my landlord burst into my room and put his hands on my throat. During the fight I hurt my foot pretty bad The police came and took statements. I agreed to go to a motel for the night to cool things down. I may not be able to work as my foot keeps feeling worse as the hours pass. What are the steps I could take, if any? [/INST]

I went to an autocad conference about the future of making things. A good portion of the talk was about planned obsolescence, and getting customers on subscription based service for continuous revenue. I see it everywhere now, it's a shitty practice. </s>

Aerospace engineer here and it's totally opposite for me. When the commercial aircraft is bouncing around in rough air, the engine has a pop stall when spoolling up causing an aborted take off or that rare event that causes the crew to take the aircraft for a go around instead of landing, I'm perfectly ok with all that cause I know that all aircraft are designed to handle stuff way worse or that the flight crew had a good reason to not land etc. My reaction to those things is always opposite that of the rest of the passengers. </s>

<s>[INST] Do you ever feel like knowing too much about your discipline makes you distrust the products? I've never met a software developer who feels comfortable trusting their work. Is it that way outside of software? [/INST]

The human body is not built to be stationary. The human body is full of complex muscles, veins, tendons, arteries that all work together to keep you alive and keep your blood flowing. As you're walking, you're increasing blood flow and oxygen levels. When you're stationary, this still happens but at a much slower rate, the muscles and veins in your legs have to work much harder to push that blood back up to your heart, whereas when you're moving, these areas increase in size and increase the force of the flow. </s>

Standing still: same muscles and pressure points Walking: alternating muscles and pressure </s>

<s>[INST] Explain like I'm five years old: Why is standing stationary for a long time more painful for your legs than walking for a long time? Standing stationary for 30 minutes: Leg pain Walking for 30 minutes: No leg pain [/INST]

If the Avengers fell, then we would have the nuke option. Following that we have Carol Danvers if she doesn't arrive or Ancient one and their army of wizards. Failing that Us Military, failing that we have the potential for the Eternals to step in if the celestials think its enough of a threat. We also have Wakanda if they think an alien invasion in the US is earth risking. We also have villain groups like Hyrda and The 10 rings whose best interest lie in the world still existing and they have powered individuals to help fight Thanos army. Furthermore Inhumans, aliens etc living on earth would weigh in. </s>

Probably not, because once the Avengers go down you bet your ass Fury's activating the pager that calls Carol Danvers back to Earth. Of course, this is assuming that Danvers can make it to Earth before Thanos does, which might not necessarily be the case, depending on where she is at the time. </s>

<s>[INST] [MCU] Even if Loki had killed the Avengers with his army, would he have even been able to hold New York until Thanos came to collect the stones? Assuming the TVA didn’t get involved, the Council didn’t decide to nuke him, and the Ancient One ignores New York. [/INST]

Carefully </s>

Like they did Deutsche Bank in lower Manhattan which was damaged 9/11. One piece at a time. </s>

<s>[INST] How would the demolition of a skyscraper in a densely populated area like new york city take place? [/INST]

Say you have $30k a year "legal" income and $100k additional illegal income. Do you want to live a life like a $30k person, or a $130k person? If you want to present as the latter, you need to convince the state you're legally earning that money, hence laundering. </s>

Imagine you have stolen a piece of candy and you need to get rid it it. You can eat it, easy. Now imagine you've stolen several boxes with several pieces of candy, amounting to a big truck of candy, and you need to get rid of it. You can't eat it all, because you'll end up in hospital and have explaining to do. You need to get your friends involved, start moving candy around, and eat it slowly or change it for other things so that the doctor doesn't notice you're overdosing on illegally held candy. You also don't want the doctor to notice that suddenly you have a new phone and a new TV that you've bought with candy, because the doctor will start asking you difficult questions. That's why. </s>

<s>[INST] Explain like I'm five years old: Why can’t you spend dirty money like regular, untraceable cash? Why does it have to be put into a bank? In other words, why does the money have to be laundered? Couldn’t you just pay for everything using physical cash? [/INST]

Basically, staying angry is how Hulk stopped thinking about Black Widow. </s>

If MCU Hulk works similar to comic Hulk then Bruce will stay the Hulk if his body senses that he could be in danger. So even if he isn't angry his body being stressed by being on an alien word could keep him hulked out. </s>

<s>[INST] [MCU] In Thor: Ragnarok, how exactly did Bruce Banner stay sufficiently angry enough to stay Hulk'd out for as long as he was? What happened when he sleeps? Did Hulk ever really sleep? When he was just chilling with Thor did he keep a relatively stable level of anger, he seemed pretty chill since they were having a pretty normal conversation. How much do anger levels affect the MCU Hulk anyways? [/INST]

I am a Celsius guy. This post had me really confused until I realised it was made by F gang </s>

I was really confused until I realised it wasn't Celsius. Damn you americans and your weird ways of mesure stuff! </s>

<s>[INST] Explain like I'm five years old - Why does water need to be boiled for a period of time before it is considered potable but we say meat is free from dangerous bacteria once the internal temperature reaches 165-170 degrees? [/INST]

What's the weirdest way of determining Pi? </s>

Pi is the ratio of the circumference of a circle to its diameter in Euclidean space. Are there related constants for ratios in non-Euclidean space? </s>

<s>[INST] FAQ Friday: Pi Day Edition! Ask your pi questions inside. It's March 14 (3/14 in the US) which means it's **time to celebrate FAQ ~~Friday~~ Pi Day!** Pi has enthralled us for thousands of years with questions like: - How do we know pi is never-ending and non-repeating? - Would pi still be irrational in number systems that aren't base 10? - How can an irrational number represent a real-world relationship like that between a circumference and diameter? Read about these questions and more in our Mathematics FAQ, or leave a comment below! Bonus: Search for sequences of numbers in the first 100,000,000 digits of pi here. --- **What intrigues you about pi? Ask your questions here!** Happy Pi Day from all of us at /r/AskScience! --- *Past FAQ Friday posts can be found here*. [/INST]

PhD in plastics engineering here. There's a technique known as time-temperature superposition, which allows us to predict how long it will take to degrade plastics by subjecting the plastics to high temperatures (keeping most details out of it) and seeing how long it takes to degrade at this high temperature. Then we use this information to compute how long it will take the plastic to decompose at ambient (room) temperatures. This method gives a very precise number much more accurate that a qualitative 1000s of years. The most stable plastics would probably survive for 100s of years, not 1000s. </s>

Simple math. If it takes 500 years to decompose 50% of a plastic sample, then it takes 1000 years to fully decompose. If it takes 10 years to decompose 1% of a plastic sample, then it takes 1000 years to fully decompose. Edit: As many of you have pointed out, yes, the relationship might not exactly be linear. I just gave an example to how we can find the time to decompose without actually waiting that long. It could be exponential, or any other model that can be solved by math. This was just an example so it would be easy for anyone to understand. </s>

<s>[INST] Explain like I'm five years old: If plastic was made in 1907 how do they know it may take up to 1000 years to decompose? [/INST]

If you’re talking about lap cheong it’s not really spiced. I had to look it up and I suspect it’s the rose wine that gives it the unique flavour. You can buy rose wine at Chinese grocers. </s>

Depends. China’s a big country with more culinary diversity than most, so “Chinese sausages” is super vague. As mentioned already, in lap cheong specifically it’s a sorghum liquor called “Fenjiu” or rose wine and candied pork fat that gives it the signature flavour. Western produced variations are often pretty sad quality compared to what’s available in China, and lots of folks don’t seem to realize it absolutely needs to be cooked before eating as it is not aged long enough to be foodsafe uncooked. </s>

<s>[INST] What exactly is the taste in Chinese sausages? It's very unique. And while I can't describe it, if you've ever had them, I'm sure you know what I mean. [/INST]

Although diet is very important, people tend to underestimate sleep as the other main contributor to good health. If you are really ambitious, I would add a physical exercise routine. Finally, meditation can help in first instance to make better choices about these three, and ultimately... Well, I don't know that yet! </s>

Coffee, coffee and more coffee. </s>

<s>[INST] Curious on what your diet / eating regimen looks like as academics Hi ! I'm looking to improve my eating habits and am curious to see what my fellow academics have to say about it. Any power diet that helps you stay focused and not fall into drowsiness to easily ? Feel free to add any exercise habits ;-) [/INST]

Names like "Für Elise" or "Eine kleine Nachtmusik" are very likely to be butchered by foreigners trying to use them, while technical descriptions can easily be translated, recognised, and used in more situations. </s>

Tocatta and fugue in D minor is a completely valid name. Just ask my son, Second Born Offspring with Brown Hair. </s>

<s>[INST] Explain like I'm five years old: Why do so many pieces of classical music have only a technical name (Sonata #5, Concerto 2 in A minor, symphony #4, etc.) instead of a "name" like Fuhr Elise or Eine Kline Nachtmusik? I can only speak for myself, but this makes it really hard to keep track of the songs I like. I love listening to classical music but if you asked me my favorite artists I would have difficulty telling you specifics. [/INST]

Your boss doesn't really want to take him in either, you just need to go through the motions since what he's doing is technically illegal. Just make an attempt for the record. You won't get him, and Spidey won't hold it against you. </s>

Can't help you with "why, " but the "how?" Just walk up with your handcuffs out (leave your gun holstered, obviously) and say, in your normal non-shouty voice " you're under arrest please put your hands...." and then look dejected when he swings off. You have now done as much as anyone could have done. If your boss yells at you, call him a dumbass. </s>

<s>[INST] [Marvel] I'm a police officer who just watched Spiderman take down the Sinister Six and now my boss had ordered me to take Spiderman in. Why would I? I'm not out of shape or anything, but even I know my dinky little gun isn't gonna do anything to a guy who dodges electricity and explosions almost daily. Besides, the Avengers are cool with Spidey so why isn't the NYPD? [/INST]

I've cooked actual squeaky halloumi in the past to the point where it was black (accidentally) and it's never melted into a puddle before. I suspect that your cheese wasn't real halloumi. </s>

Your cheese was probably not halloumi. It's very hard to melt halloumi... </s>

<s>[INST] My halloumi melted into a puddle. What what wrong and can I save any? I was cooking halloumi for the first time. I put it on a frying non stick pan in strips 1 cm thick. The pan was cold and I turned in the heat to max. I suppose that’s where I made my mistake? But the recipe wasn’t really clear. I sit down for a few minutes (it really was 2-3 minutes maybe 4 max) listening to it cook and when it started to really sizzle I got up and found a melted fondue. It was expiring (best before) today but it passes the sniff test. Can I salvage the cheese? What did I do wrong, how can I fix it next time? [/INST]

What a waste of time. </s>

Ban all emoji's for company use. </s>

<s>[INST] One of my white employees made his emoji a black skin tone thumbs up. A few black employees are offended. How should I even approach this? [CA] I asked the employee who changed the skin tone to black to change it to something more if his complexion or just the yellow skin tone. He said he doesn’t feel he needs to. A few of our black employees have said they offended by this. I thought about telling everyone they need to change it back to yellow, but don’t think that would go over well. So how do I approach this? [/INST]

Try it for yourself, but closer to the mirror - at arms length. Close one eye, and place a finger on the mirror surface. Look at that, and your face goes out of focus. Look at your face, and the finger goes out of focus. </s>

10 feet. Your perception of depth is just how the light hits your eyes. You can draw a line from your foot to the mirror to your eyes, and then follow the line from your eye to the mirror and keep going to behind the mirror. The light didn’t actually come from behind the mirror, but it is as if it did, and you perceive it as if it did. I’m glossing over details of how you actually perceive depth, but that’s the basic idea. </s>

<s>[INST] If I stand 5ft away from a mirror and look at my reflection, do my eyes focus on an object that is 5th away, or 10ft away? Obviously the mirror is 5ft away, but does the illusion of depth cause one's eyes to focus on their own reflection as if it is twice the distance that they are from the mirror? [/INST]

In Grant Morrison's run on JLA, Mirror Master was brought onto the injustice gang to act as their emergency extraction option if their battle with the League went south. Batman got Mirror Master to leave them in the lurch by offering three million dollars to the orphanage where Mirror Master grew up. </s>

There was a scene where he convinced a room full of Black Mask’s goons to go get jobs at Wayne Enterprise instead. </s>

<s>[INST] [Batman] Has Batman ever defeated an enemy by literally paying him off? Like "Badguy of the Week, I do not have time to stop your planned crime, but here is a cheque for a million dollars as long as you leave Gotham and never come back." [/INST]

Marching is about teaching soldiers to follow orders and establish discipline. It also helps teach soldiers to operate as part of a unit. The singing soldiers do while marching serves a purpose as well. It forces their lungs to work harder to build up lung capacity. </s>

In addition to the other answers, marching is also a hold over from when it *was* practical in combat. The the olden days, unit formation on the battlefield was very important. Marching allowed for your army to move together and maintain cohesion. </s>

<s>[INST] Explain like I'm five years old: Why do soldiers still learn to march even though that it’s not practical in actual combat [/INST]

No, no no no no, no no no. Go through a clinic or not at all. </s>

Any such contract would be worthless. Do it through a clinic, be prepared to support a child for 18 years, or don’t do it. Pick one </s>

<s>[INST] Friend wants me to get them pregnant. I (26M) have a friend (29F) who is looking to have a baby. She is in a long term relationship with her girlfriend. They have been dating for 5 years and plan to get married after Covid-19 is over. They want to have a baby that is biologically theirs, but don't want the hassle or costs associated with artificial insemenation. She says she would be willing to sign a contract assuming all parental rights and obligations and put her gf on the birth certificate. I'm willing to do it. I've known her since highschool, and trust her. I'm not sure about the legality though. The is in Georgia, USA btw [/INST]

73 y.o. retired EE here; have worked in a bunch of environments. 1. For anything that is sold in a roll, the last piece is too short. 2. Stainless does. 3. Fittings don't. 4. Get along with the guys on the shop floor. If they don't like you, you are fucked. </s>

If it ain't broke, it doesn't have enough features yet. </s>

<s>[INST] Engineering Rules of Thumb “The pint's a pound, the world around.” Everyone is envious of the greybeard in the back of a room who can scope engineering problems using nothing but rules of thumb and mental math. I had a professor a long time ago who was extremely proficient and taught us sayings like the one above. What rules of thumb have you committed to memory that have been useful across your career? [/INST]

Jubilee. She makes room temperature fireworks. Actually, her "fireworks" are plasma globs that she can explode at will, which she may possibly have the potential to do so at the subatomic level. Yes, she's a walking cold fusion reactor or bomb who everyone thinks is just making pretty lights. </s>

Domino just appears to be generally lucky. Shit just happens and it's usually in her favor. But in actuality she's a mutant with the subconscious ability to manipulate probability in her favor. In other words, if she sets her mind to something, and it isn't impossible, it very well may happen. Now imagine if she wanted you dead how easy it could be for her. </s>

<s>[INST] [X-Men] whose power is actually very dangerous but often overlooked because when compared to others' it looks 'ordinary'? [/INST]

It's likely the Bamfs. Little gremlins from another dimension that imprinted on Nightcrawler and look like little chibi-versions of him. And can teleport and play tricks. They've probably seen the X-Men play basketball (when it's not baseball season obviously) and are trying to copy it, in their own silly way. Or Gambit. That guy has no sense of responsibility. On second thought, yeah, blame Gambit. </s>

There's actually a little hydraulic piston that's activated when they pull the switch for the hangar doors. It pushes the basketball off the rack and onto the court. I think Logan installed it to try and drop the ball onto the cockpit window when Scott was piloting. </s>

<s>[INST] [X-Men] Who keeps leaving the basketball in the middle of the pitch? It rolls away when the x-jet launches and more often than not I can’t find it when I wanna play. For the last time, please return the ball to the shed when you’re done! Thank you! [/INST]

$125K is a low salary for a Sr. Staff Engineer in even in a low cost of living area like the Midwest. It's an insulting salary for Palo Alto. </s>

$125k is low for Sr. Staff Engr </s>

<s>[INST] Got an offer for a Sr Staff engineering position in an EV in Palo Alto, CA. is 125k/yr with a partner and a child, doable? Hi, as the title says, I'd be moving on a TN visa to Palo Alto (meaning, partner wont be able to work) . I know that this is a good salary in Arizona and that would also allow me to save on the side. However I have no idea if this is good or bad an offer in Palo Alto. I really love the company so I don't wanna be biased towards making a bad financial decision if that means Im going to be struggling. Also which cities would you advice to look for housing? [/INST]

I watched The Room recently and was struck by how bad the lighting is. Watching an extremely poorly lit movie like that will give you an appreciation for just how much work goes into properly lighting a scene. </s>

To caveat off the original poster. Why is it that tv shows and soap operas look so different? Different budget? Different cameras? Different style of cinematography? I’ve noticed for years and I just can’t figure it out. </s>

<s>[INST] Explain like I'm five years old: How do movies get that distinctly "movie" look from the cameras? I don't think it's solely because the cameras are extremely high quality, and I can't seem to think of a way anyone could turn a video into something that just "feels" like a movie [/INST]

Oh but they do. You just don't notice it. You know how some sheltered people often have difficulty telling apart people of a different ethnicity? Like a white person that hasn't traveled much might have difficulty telling two asians apart? Imagine that for a complete different species. It also works for different things. A few years ago, I couldn't really tell the difference between some species of birds but then I got into bird watching and can easily tell the difference between them even if they are the same overall shape and size and share a lot of the same colors. Edit: Uneducated isn't really the right word for it, sorry about that. Changed it to something more appropriate. </s>

In the Robert Heinlein book Space Cadet there's a scene where two humans are arguing about not being able to communicate with aliens from Venus. One human says that he thought the other spoke Venutian. The other human responds that he speaks a specific Venutian language, yes, but that doesn't help him here any more than speaking Spanish will help you talk to an Eskimo. </s>

<s>[INST] [General] Not all humans are one ethnicity yet aliens and other non-human species in scifi and fantasy never seem to be portrayed as having ethnic diversity within their species. Are there any good examples of non-human species that have similar variety of ethnicities as humans do? [/INST]

Pixar has a free course over in Khan Academy regarding storytelling sharing their process. They follow a structure and a cycle of feedback and editing. It's a lot of communication and iterations. This is why making movies takes years especially with animation. </s>

Even when they keep things uniform, lots of animators stick in their own unique touches. Ever heard of the Milt Kahl Head Swaggle? You’ll recognize it in dozens of classic Disney films once you recognize what it is </s>

<s>[INST] Explain like I'm five years old: When an animation studio like Pixar has multiple dozens of people, all with their own styles, working on a project, how do they keep everything uniform? [/INST]

Kratom, caffeine, khat, ephedrine, theobromine , etc . The list of legal, natural stimulants is long and interesting. Try looking through erowid.org. </s>

Explain like I'm five years old: Drugs like Adderall are really good at stimulating the part of the brain where your pop-up blocker is. So whenever there is a distraction that "pops" up, the pop-up blocker is really good at auto-closing it so that you can stay focused. Some people have slower than 'normal' built in pop-up blockers, and can be easily distracted by all the things that pop up around them. This distractability reduces their productivity and among a few other effects on their lives. Drugs like Adderall can help if administered properly by a doctor. TLDR; Adderall helps supercharge your brain's internal pop-up blocker. </s>

<s>[INST] Explain like I'm five years old: How does a drug like Adderall cause the brain to become more focused, and are there any natural supplements that have the same effect. If not, why not? [/INST]

He knows the entire code base since he has been here the longest and wrote most of it. If he left we couldn't update anything in a consistent usable manner. He also has been a reviewer for most of the hardware changes we have made because he knows how the software will interact with the hardware. He was the chief engineer when I worked there </s>

I work with a number of people that think that they are this person, but in reality everybody is excited for the day they leave so somebody can actually do something right and not get a lecture about it... </s>

<s>[INST] Who's "that person" at work, and what do they do? I feel like most places I've worked there's always been that one person who if they quit there'd be a HUGE problem. An example, at a facility making cable assemblies we had customers who had Shock and Vibe requirements (from MIL-STD-180 I believe) and only one person on staff had the knowledge on how to calculate/simulate to ensure we met the requirement. Without him, expensive outsourcing would have been needed. It would be interesting to see what niches/special skills some people possess to make them nearly irreplaceable. Of those people you've worked with skills like this, what did they do? [/INST]

What should her punishment have been instead? </s>

The threat of jail time acts as a deterrent. You're less likely to do a bad thing if that bad thing is punished </s>

<s>[INST] CMV: Jail and prison sentences should be reserved only for people that are a legitimate danger to society. I just read a news article about how they just handed down the longest prison sentence for the college admissions scandal, which was six months. I honestly do not care if that person saw zero days in prison. The public isn't endangered. What's the point of even sending someone like Felicity Huffman to jail for two weeks? The public is as safe from her now as it was before. I just don't see the point of sending these types of people to prison. Locking them up helps no one in the long run. Prison sentences should be reserved for those that commit violent and serious crimes. Murderers, sex offenders, major white collar criminals (of which I do not count the above). We already have a massive over-incarceration issue in the US. We don't need to contribute to it any more than we already have. [/INST]

No one is explaining like you’re five. “Dialect” is the wrong word, but the Chinese leaders use it because they are one country and they think they think one country should have one language. They are in fact “languages”— this is the finding from people who study languages for a living. People speaking Mandarin and Cantonese or other Chinese languages to each other can not understand one another. They all use Chinese characters to write, but consider how many people speaking different languages that all use the ABCs to write. Some languages don’t have writing systems at all! So they aren’t languages even if their writing is similar. </s>

So, other excellent answers have highlighted that there is no hard distinction between dialects and languages, but I wanted to add one thing in. I am really not sure that Mandarin and Cantonese are considered dialects. Yes, a lot of people in the west would refer to a person as 'speaking chineese', but wouldn't think of mandarin and cantoneese as the same language, rather were just being imprecise with their word choice earlier. </s>

<s>[INST] Explain like I'm five years old: Why is it that Mandarin and Cantonese are considered dialects of Chinese but Spanish, Portuguese, Italian, and French are considered separate languages and not dialects of Latin? [/INST]

You’re actually not wrong about this. The peri-anal and rectal areas are remarkable at preventing the spread of infection. Abscesses can occur but those are localized infections. The rate of systemic infection after fixing anal fissures and abscesses is actually very VERY low (especially in comparison to the rate of serious infections after surgery). I worked with a rectal surgeon who really loved to go off about the “power of the anus” </s>

A doc told me once the tissue near and in your anus is more resistant to infection, hence why you can get biopsies or popped hemorrhoids in your anus and rectum with no wound treatment. The buttocks and taint does not have that type of tissue so they can get an abscess. I asked him why we don’t have that tissue everywhere and he replied that we don’t need it, plus we’d look like an asshole. </s>

<s>[INST] Explain like I'm five years old: If you get a cut on your anus it doesn’t get infected, but if you put feces on a cut anywhere else on your body it will get infected. [/INST]

1 kg of fat is 7700 calories, and a normal daily consumption is about 2000. So you cant burn 1-2 pounds of fat in a night, but more realistically in a week You can, however, easily lose that weight in water. Short term weight changes are almost solely due to water </s>

Just to point out that fat cells do die and get replaced but they are one of the longest living cells. It takes about every 25 years to renew. As for gaining fat, it takes a lot of energy to build fat and muscle and 24h is too short. If you binge it’s likely it will go to waste as indigestion, poop, etc. The weight you put on the following day is likely bloating from sodium and water. If you dry fast you might go back to your regular weight. That’s why it takes several days and weeks to actually realize you gained weight. </s>

<s>[INST] We all know that gaining weight can be attributed to excessive caloric intake, but how fast does weight gain actually happen? Can we gain a pound or two in fat content over night? Does it take 24 hours for this pound or two to build up? [/INST]

When I got my diagnosis, my mother explained it to my siblings as "your sister loves too fast and too hard that she gets physically hurt and sometimes that pain makes her sick". Not exactly, but when explaining to children why their oldest sibling had to go to rehab, it got the job done. </s>

BPD is like everything is on 10, but you don't know that it's on 10. It feels right to you. Imagine a stereo that someone glued the volume all the way up, and that loud is all you know. Meanwhile everyone else has a dial they adjust for volume. In my life there's a real vibe of: It's not that **I** am mad that someone just called a person a slur in public, it's that **EVERYONE ELSE** isn't mad like they should be. There's a real feeling of, "why am I the only one who cares?", regardless of if I am, indeed, the only one who cares. </s>

<s>[INST] Explain like I'm five years old: How would you explain what borderline personality disorder is to someone who doesn’t have it? [/INST]

The case of the disappearing teaspoons: longitudinal cohort study of the displacement of teaspoons in an Australian research institute 10.1136/bmj.331.7531.1498 </s>

The one where the biologist invents numerical integration. </s>

<s>[INST] Which research paper do you think was the funniest you've ever read? I'm just taking a day off of everything. [/INST]

You need to make sure you have the police reports. Be prepared to show that you’re stable and safe for the children. Keep it together. </s>

So let me see here. You have a lawyer. But there's an emergency hearing neither you or your lawyer know anything about. The system is crooked, the court is crooked, and your ex is abusive and well connected. Yup. Oh, and apparently your lawyer is crooked as well. Cause he's not telling you what you want to know. I've been practicing family law for 35 years. So I feel very comfortable saying there is a lot here you're not telling us. </s>

<s>[INST] My husband filled for emergency custody and was granted it. What I'm supposed to do to make sure it's canceled on the review hearing? I separated from my husband two weeks ago and on Thursday I was notified that he filled for emergency custody of our 3 kids and was granted it, I wasn't notified about the hearing and didn't attend it. He's the abusive one in the relationship, the police arrested him two weeks ago after I called them for domestic violence. I also filled for emergency custody and restraining order but haven't got any of them yet. I'm in Tennessee [/INST]

Python? Does that count? </s>

Draw.io for process flow diagrams! </s>

<s>[INST] What's your favorite free software for Engineering? [/INST]

Because those cameras aren't meant to take sweet, hi-res photos for people on Reddit to think are cool, they're infrared cameras meant to acquire targets and confirm that the weapon hit where it was supposed to. There are plenty of extremely high quality satellite photos of the same thing that you and I will never see because they are classified. </s>

Any thing that is shown to the American public will also be shown to your enemies. Why give them all your secrets? </s>

<s>[INST] eli5 why is military aircraft and weapon targeting footage always so grainy and colourless when we have such high res cameras? [/INST]

> Others say to go into teaching, but I'm certain that this requires even more school. Depends where you are trying to teach. Public schools (in the US anyway) often require certification of some sort. But private schools do not. (My wife got a PhD in History but now teaches at an elite private school. She has never needed any kind of additional training or certification.) It would help to know what flavor of humanities you are — the options can vary depending on it. </s>

The fact that people have to resort to Reddit to find out answers to these questions tells you everything you need to know about just how much academic depts care about what happens to their PhD graduates after they’ve pushed them out of the door. </s>

<s>[INST] Humanities PhDs that have left academia, what do you do now? The market has been terrible since I was in undergrad. I am getting towards the end of my PhD and I know that I need plan B's and C's (really these will more than likely be A and B with academia being a Hail Mary). But I am struggling with thinking about alternatives. I have some friends in the private sector that say consulting could be a good fit. Others say to go into teaching, but I'm certain that this requires even more school. [/INST]

Every county tells History from their point of view. They all highlight, downplay and completely disregard certain events. US History books teach a Eurocentric point of view. From a European point of view America was discovered. </s>

When speaking about discoveries, its about the discovery from the POV of the europeans. The europeans discovered and mapped all these new lands for their fellow europeans. It's like discovering a new part of town that you didn't know about. </s>

<s>[INST] Explain like I'm five years old: why isn’t the discovery of the Americas granted to the native people who emigrated there thousands of years ago? [/INST]

None of the answers here are addressing this core unique property of water on Earth: There is a water cycle. Other liquid bodies could exist, but as mentioned they are mostly reactive. Well, water can be reactive, too (although it takes a little work). However, the weather and biological cycles of our planet help replenish water that is lost. Celestial bodies with different makeups (chemical, temperature, pressure) will favor different elements naturally. The Earth not only has a lot of water, but it is also well-suited for recycling it and replenishing its bodies. This cannot be said for other elements in short timeframes. Most other elements where buildups can occur (nitrogen compounds, sulfur, for example) are water-soluble so just make acidic or basic water. </s>

Not that it's remotely as common as water, but you could consider active volcanoes to be "bodies" of molten rock. </s>

<s>[INST] Eli5: why aren't there bodies of other liquids besides water on earth? Are liquids just rare at our temperature and pressure? [/INST]

Weee! is my favorite. </s>

Yamibuy. I use it for snacks and not sure how much groceries they have </s>

<s>[INST] Asians and Asian Americans who live within the USA, what is the best online retailer to buy asian grocery as well as home products? In the title! I'd love to cook more food from asian recipes (I mean ALL parts of asia, not just Japan, Korea, etc...) as I'm getting kind of bored with my usual recipes. The only physical Asian market's are a little out of the way for me, so I was wondering if there's any reliable online retailers for ingredients, snacks, drinks, utensils, cookware, as well as things such as bath products. Thank you so much! [/INST]

I usually get thinly sliced ribeye at the Korean supermarkets for shabu-shabu and it’s really tender. Look for them at supermarkets that have meats for hotpot/shabu-shabu. I get mine pre-packaged at a Korean supermarket. </s>

Dear "MyPenisRapedMe" Though many types of beef could work, it's often typically eye round or other types of round beef. </s>

<s>[INST] once my friends mom made us Pho, she dropped this super thinly cut raw beef directly into our bowls, and the hot broth cooked it immediately. I've never seen meat cooked like this before, it was so good and perfectly tender. what's that type of beef/cut called? I didn't even realize beef could be cooked that way, but it was so thin that it didn't need to be cooked over a stove top. I simply never seen this done before, it was also my first time eating pho lol. after his mom dropped the raw meat into our bowls, I was confused, and quietly asked him "is this usually served with raw beef?" and that's when he explained to me that heat of the broth cooks it. I look down to see the beef cook before my eyes. Damn it was so good, what is this magical beef called? [/INST]

It will depend on the university and the cause, as well as the details of the arrest. I'm an oldie. Back in the 60s, in California, arrest for Civil Rights protest, or some anti War protest, would count against admission to any University of California campus, but might help with Stanford. </s>

Arrested, and or convicted? I am not sure how the admission committee would know you were arrested but released or charged but not convicted. </s>

<s>[INST] Being arrested for a social cause - does it impact grad admissions or career in academia? I'm heavily involved in community organizing. I am concerned that one day I may face an unfair arrest for merely peacefully protesting, as I've witnessed other community members be arrested for non-violent action (such as blocking a street; blocking a path and chanting inside a building). Has anyone in academia that's involved in activism and arrested for a social movement find that their arrest has created obstacles in their career or have impacted their admission to graduate programs? For context, I live in the U.S. [/INST]

Does the address on your license match your home address? Also are there dates of your travel on your passport? Those things might help establish your side of things to the police. </s>

Do you or any of your neighbors have cameras? </s>

<s>[INST] I went on a 20 day trip. I came back to find squatters in my home. They (falsely) claim to have been there for 6 weeks. Do they have tenants' rights? I own a house in Orange County, California. I went abroad for 20 days. When I got home at the end of that trip, I found my locks had been changed and someone else's car was in my driveway. I called the police. That led to an argument with the people (at least 2 adults) occupying my house. They told the police they'd been there for 6 weeks. I explained I knew that to be untrue because I was only gone for 20 days. At the end, the officers said it's a civil matter and left. So basically, these people have been in my house for no more than 20 days, but they claim to have been there for long enough to be tenants. Do I need to treat them as tenants? [/INST]

Dr. Heinz Doofenshmirtz </s>

The Mayor from Buffy was always soft-spoken, polite, exciteable, quick to give useful advice, he efficiently fulfilled the duties of his office, and he gave a troubled girl a parental figure for the first time in her life. He also wanted to transform into a giant demon snake and devour the town, but you know what they say, you can't make an omlette without sacrificing a few eggs in the name of dark gods. </s>

<s>[INST] [General] Which villains are kind of nice when they're not trying to take over the world or doing other villain related things? [/INST]

The MCU gauntlet seems to release a massive dose of radiation when used, possibly proportional to the 'wish' it is granting. Just gonna call them wishes. Either way Thanos could do a couple of big things before getting permanently covered in scars. Hulk did a big thing and has likely been recovering behind the scenes. Tony did a small thing and got nuked despite his armor... so if anything he was not the best person to do it but he was the person who was able to do it. Carol, Valkrye or Thor would have been better candidates but it is not how it worked out. </s>

Stark's snap was a fraction of a fraction of a fraction of thano's and hulk's any normal human could have had done it but i think his armor is what gave him those last few minutes. </s>

<s>[INST] [MCU] Could ANYONE did what Tony Stark did in the end of Endgame? Would it be possible for a random human (assuming it would be explained tot hem beforehand, and they were suicidal) peform the anti-Thanos Snap that Stark did? [/INST]

I'm in same boat as are all my friends. You're not alone. Just keep applying, reaching out to contacts, and try to keep yourself occupied and happy (or at least not too depressed) </s>

Indeed and Linkedin. Businesses will be starting up their new grad hiring cycles soon. </s>

<s>[INST] Best place to be searching for engineering jobs?? Hello fellow engineers! I just graduated this May from an engineering school with a good reputation. I was all set to go to work for an aerospace manufacturing company when COVID hit. I didn't know that my offer was no longer valid until about a month ago. I've been searching feverishly for the past month for a new job (don't want to live in my parents basement one second longer) and haven't had a ton of luck. Most of the postings I've been looking at are through LinkedIn and a few other online job boards. A lot of these sites aren't necessarily geared towards engineers so I was wondering if anyone had any tips for finding a job right now? Any help is appreciated [/INST]

There's actually a limit in physics called the "schwarzschild radius" (SR) that prevents this based on its density. Basically, if you make a ball of ANY form of matter (gas, rock, fish, toyota corollas, etc.), that ball can only get up to a certain size before gravity takes over and it all collapses down into a black hole. This is also why black holes form in nature, because once a really big star explodes its core becomes so dense that its SR winds up inside it. So, gravity kicks in and takes the rest of the star with it and boom! You've got a brand new stellar mass black hole. </s>

Depending on your definition of 'object' it's theoretically possible. For example, a hollow, vacuum-filled sphere surrounded by a thin shell of matter could have the size and mass of a galaxy and be relatively stable. Such a thing wouldn't arise naturally, but a sufficiently advanced civilization would be able to do it without breaking physics as we understand it. A solid object the size of a galaxy would either instantaneously collapse onto itself, have a density approaching zero, or require some speculative forms of matter or physical laws. </s>

<s>[INST] Could a single celestial body be as large as the Milky Way galaxy? If not, what is restricting the size of it? [/INST]

I don't think that the spice volatiles penetrate very far into the meat. It's the salt that's important. </s>

Try prepping two lots of meat if you've got the time. Do half with the other ingredients and half with salt only, other seasonings added later. Other than that, prep and cook them together so that otherwise they're as close to identical as possible. Don't tell your victims which is which, and have them try both and see if they can tell the difference, and which they prefer if they can. Report back with the results and we can all learn from your results. </s>

<s>[INST] When I dry brine meat with salt should I add in my garlic/paprika seasoning mix during the dry brine? When I dry brine meat should I only dry brine it with salt in the fridge or should I add in the garlic/paprika mix? [/INST]

I can't speak for all chocolatiers, but we seriously use timers. Sure, I just "know" when baked goods are done, and find myself walking toward the oven just before the timer goes off. But mostly because we get interrupted constantly and and don't want to forget something when I'm three tasks deep. </s>

I use multiple timers because when I multitask I can easily forget or overlook things </s>

<s>[INST] Do professional chefs use timers when cooking, or do they rely on their judgement? Just wondering. [/INST]

If you don't, go to a vet that specializes in rabbits and you should get them fixed. </s>

Rabbits should not live together unless they are both fixed, regardless of whether they are male or female </s>

<s>[INST] gay rabbits i have gone to two different vets for my bonded rabbits, one said they were both male, the other said they are both female. the two rabbits are- uh together, to keep it pg and how common are gay rabbits? i really don’t want them to breed send help (just to be clear i support the lgbtq community and i hope they are the same gender i’m just worried they might be of the opposite sex and have kids) [/INST]

According to this 2005 wildlife defenders symposium, the environmental issue include the following: * General damage to vegetation and habitat * Fragmentation of habitat and wildlife corridors * Introduction of exotic species * Air and water contaminants * Wildlife mortality and displacement * Modifications of wildlife behavior * Concerns related to threatened and endangered species and species of special concern * Difficulties in habitat restoration, and protection of habitat improvements * Restoration of damaged areas (and challenges involved, including health concerns) </s>

Here's an article from the BBC about the impact Trump's wall proposal would have on wildlife. One thing it can do is cut off species who regularly cross the border so it would restrict their gene pool and possibly cause inbreeding. It could also lead to the restricted populations developing into new species as well through speciation. </s>

<s>[INST] What environmental impacts would a border wall between the United States and Mexico cause? [/INST]

THESE are the type of questions we should be receiving in this subreddit!!! Everything else gets the "Please go to your nearest veterinarian" answer. </s>

According to 'Zoo Animal and Wildlife Immobilization and Anesthesia' (2nd edition): "We typically carry size 8–14 tubes (internal diameter in millimeters) for black bears and 8–18 tubes for brown bears". Here is a report describing endodontic therapy of a canine tooth in a polar bear. They used a 16 mm tube. </s>

<s>[INST] ET tube size for a polar bear I have no idea how this got this far, but my wife (beautiful as she is) is going down the rabbit hole about what size endotracheal tube you would use to intubate a polar bear after seeing some pictures on fb. This sent me down the rabbit hole after her and we can't find anything. Any help is appreciated. [/INST]

Learning to cook will be one of the single most rewarding things you do in your life. Please don’t think that simply because one meal goes pear shaped you can’t do it. You can, it takes practice. When I was dating I would usually make a meal before making it for another person. You don’t really want to be rushing around and stressed at that time. The advice on how to cook the dock below is good. You should do that the week before making it for anyone else. </s>

Here's a good guide The trick is to score the skin without cutting into the meat and have some patience. It takes a good while for the fat to render. Don't fall victim to the urge to just turn the heat up. </s>

<s>[INST] My girlfriend said its my "turn to cook" (i can't cook), what should i do with these 2 duck breast fillets i have? I bought some asparagus and have some new potatoes here, what else do i need? Will pop to the shop if i need anything else. I'm awful at cooking and looking for something easy to follow that won't overwhelm me. Thanks in advance guys. I'll post pictures of my failure afterwards lol. [/INST]

It's so it doesn't EXPLODE </s>

It keeps you from having to scrape off caked on potato guts from the inside of your 425 degree oven is all. </s>

<s>[INST] Does poking a potato prior to baking it really do anything? I’ve heard that poking it will help it cook faster, allows steam to escape, and prevents shriveling. Is any of that true? [/INST]

There is a difference between healthy and *healthy*. Humans could (and have) easily live on just one or two foods. We don't actually *need* that varied a diet. But if you want to be as healthy as possible, and thrive instead of just survive; if you want to live to 120 and be active for decades, not get any major illnesses and look good, then you need a balanced diet </s>

I provided behavioral intervention for a child with autism that survived on mini Oreos (they had to be minis) and nacho cheese Doritos for over two years. And another that ate fresh (within an hour or two, and not reheated) McDonalds french fries almost exclusively for a year or two. They may not have been pinnacles of health but they still had plenty of energy to throw down some epic tantrums if they felt like it. It's astounding what the body can survive on. </s>

<s>[INST] Explain like I'm five years old: If humans need such a balanced diet to stay healthy, how is it that most animals seem to get away with having a very narrow diet? Maybe I am naive in the diet of animals but it seems to me that when you think of, say an owl, we all know that owls eat mice. If humans were to eat just one food like that it seems to me that we would not get enough nutrients to live. How do animals get all their nutrition? [/INST]

Space is big. Like, very, very big. I mean, you might think it's a long way down the road to the chemists, but Space is way bigger than that. - Douglas Adams, paraphrased.m </s>

Big things seem to move slowly. Have you ever watched a cloud that stays in the shape of a teddy-bear or a dragon's head, and it doesn't seem to change shape for a few whole minutes? Winds up high are moving as fast, or faster than our cars, but it still takes a while for them to shift the cloud enough to make it look different. Now remember that the pillars of creation are clouds in space bigger than whole planets and even solar systems. Even if they were pushed by winds the speed of light, they would take 4-5 YEARS to be entirely smooshed. Any solar winds, gravity, and other forces on them are pushing their parts MUCH slower. So us watching them for many human lifetimes is like watching that Teddy-bear cloud for just a fraction of a second, just a quick blink of time. </s>

<s>[INST] Eli5: how do the pillars of creation just stay the same shape out in space for so long and how did it all accumulate in that area? [/INST]

In addition to Wolverine-specific answers its important to point out that not Everyone in the 19th century was sexist, racist etc. This applies to really any time period. While sexist views may be be prominent or even held by a majority there is nothing to prevent a young Logan from rejecting all these views. Racial and gender equality movements really began take off during Logan's lifetime. </s>

He has a LOT of origin stories, but usually he's an outcast on the run. Hunted because he's different. Hard to stop and be a bigot when all the bigots are trying to kill you. </s>

<s>[INST] [X-Men] Has Wolverine ever expressed any sexist or racist attitudes simply as a result of being born in the 19th century? I know I know ready your down votes. Yes, he was a union solider but in that time period even Abe Lincoln would be considered racist by our standards. He was born in, and spent the majority of his life in a time where it was considered shocking for woman to be allowed to vote, where wide spread racial prejudice was the rule rather than the exception, when homosexuality was regarded as a criminal mental illness. You could say the same thing about Cap; and to a lesser extent Castle, but Cap is well Cap. [/INST]

Braille needs to be identifiable by touch. And ONLY touch. There are several letters that are shaped similarly enough - a b vs a p vs a q vs a d, or c vs e - that simply printing them as though they were meant for an audience that **could** see them would be challenging. That’s before we get into capital vs lower case printing! What’s the difference between q and Q? Does the typeface it’s printed in affect legibility? Braille‘s raised dots allow enough possible combinations to avoid that confusion. </s>

Here's a quick exercise to try. Pull a credit or debit card with raised numbers out of your wallet. Try to read them by feel. It's very difficult to do and most people just can't. Now get something with some bumps on it and count the bumps by feel. Almost anyone can do that. Numbers and letters are made to look at. They're very difficult to distinguish by feel. But counting bumps by feel? We can do that. </s>

<s>[INST] Explain like I'm five years old: Why is Braille dots and not letters? Is there a reason why Braille needs to be dots and not the alphabet? [/INST]

Yes, but how would you know what to look for with a life form we know nothing about? </s>

\> **Isn’t there the possibility of life in a form we don’t yet understand?** Absolutely. The problem is we don't understand what we don't understand, and have no real way of searching for that kind of life. It could be the most common form of intelligent life is superconducting crystal on worlds near absolute zero. Or gas-filled balloons in the atmospheres of Jovial planets. Or any of a thousand other possibilities we barely understand, we just don't know. What we do know is how earthlike life looks like, and how it might appear to us from distant planets. </s>

<s>[INST] Explain like I'm five years old: We say that only some planets can sustain life due to the “Goldilocks zone” (distance from the sun). How are we sure that’s the only thing that can sustain life? Isn’t there the possibility of life in a form we don’t yet understand? [/INST]

Did you insure the package? Identify its value when shipping? </s>

There are two questions to answer: what did you declare the value of the shipment to be when you shipped it? And what insurance did you purchase for it? </s>

<s>[INST] FedEx lost my package worth $2500 and is telling me they will only pay out $244. what recourse do I have to get the full amount they lost I sold a motor on eBay and FedEx "lost" the package at the center right before deliver. As the seller I'm trying to recoup my lost motor or get appropriate compensation for it. I filed a claim. Sent in documents to show the actual value and cost customer paid and FedEx is telling me they can only pay me $244. How screwed am I? [/INST]

Keep some and donate rest </s>

Donate it. Seasoning is a luxury for places that have to bulk out dishes with starch in order to feed lots of hungry people. </s>

<s>[INST] Was just given 50 lbs (each) of Chipotle Seasoning and Jalapeño Seasoning Hoping this falls into the exception of bulk quantities because I honestly have no idea what I’m going to do with all of this. The title pretty much sums it up - I’ve got 100 lbs of spices sitting in front of me. [/INST]

If you traveled to a universe where people had three arms, would you expect to grow another arm? People from other universes don't automatically change to be like the universe they travel to. There's no reason he would gain color himself, or the ability to see in color. </s>

It's not that the world is being *viewed* in B&W, it's a world in which everything *is* B&W. </s>

<s>[INST] [Spider-Man: Into the Spider-Verse] Why didn’t Spiderman Noir see and appear to be in color? If Spiderman Noir was in another universe, thats not black and white, why wouldn’t he and everything he sees be in color? [/INST]

I feel like every gadget tries to market itself as “it’s easier if you just do everything in me!” But that doesn’t mean you should. A slow cooker makes the process just longer and the taste worse, there is no benefit of doing baked goods in a slow cooker. I see this happening a lot with air fryers and instant pots now. Like just cause you technically can cook something in it doesn’t mean you should. </s>

The fact that you used a slow cooker is what went wrong. Do you not have an oven? If you do, you're not going to gain anything by using a slow cooker instead. They will just be worse. </s>

<s>[INST] Cinnamon buns in slow cooker were kind of terrible Got a recipe in a culinary magazine for cinnamon buns in the slow cooker. The result was a very long (2.5hr) cook and in the end a tough, bland bun. I had made a mistake on the yeast which was a bit old I think because the buns didn’t expand as they should have using the oven, but I don’t think that was the only problem. Any ideas what went wrong? [/INST]

White pepper can have a pretty funky "barnyard" aroma to it. </s>

I once tasted a cave ripened raw milk goat cheese that tasted exactly like a wet dog smells. I do not like this taste and 15 years later, even the memory gives me goosebumps and makes me shudder. </s>

<s>[INST] Looking for ingredient combinations that give a "wet dog" or "barnyard" smell, similar to methylcellulose and sugar. There is a certain..... Animal funk smell that can happen when methylcellulose and sugar are combined. It's typically considered undesirable, but I'd like to explore it and other similar funks for some plant based goat cheese analogs and plant based gyro meat. I'd appreciate any suggestions. TIA! [/INST]

Can you estimate how many hours the revisions and resubmission would require? Keep in mind ... even though you have graduated and are working your first job, this relationship with your PI, and your reference from him, is and always will be a critical one in your career. My perspective is as an industry person: universities do not do a good job of teaching that relationships, more than any particular technical skills, are the major drivers of career success. </s>

When you submitted the paper as first author, you agreed to be responsible for it. You need to do the revisions. </s>

<s>[INST] Got revisions to do on a paper but I graduated and left, PI pushing me to do revisions but I have a full-time job and don't need the paper We submitted the paper to a journal and preprinted it, then I graduated and took a job. I don't need the paper for my career but obviously it helps my PI. My PI keeps bugging me about getting the paper resubmitted and I don't want/have time to do it. I'm the only author along with PI, PI older and pretty hands off. How do I tell my PI I can't work on the paper anymore? Feel hostage. [/INST]

It's canonically the experience of being owned by multiple trainers. Life experiences are enough to trigger evolution. We don't know what the natural phenomenon is, but evidently there must be one since it's possible to find some wild Gengars, Steelixes, Gorebysses, and Huntails. </s>

Dude, I was just carrying an egg when it suddenly hatched and out came two thousand pounds of obese sleepy bear. These pokemons straight up ignore all known rules of reality. </s>

<s>[INST] [Pokémon] What part of the trading process triggers Pokémon like Golem, Kadabra, and Haunter to evolve? Is there a similar natural phenomenon that also causes evolution for these Pokémon? [/INST]

I would say its the 6th. </s>

I say top 20 but not top 10. I think the top 10 (in no particular order) are: the Heart of the Universe, the Ultimate Nullifier, the Odinsword, the Infinity Gauntlet, a Cosmic Cube, the Staff of One, whatever the heck it is Galactus uses to break down planets for him to consume, the Destroyer Armor, the Black Vortex, and the Godkiller Armor (not Tony Stark's, the one used in the Celestial Civil War). I think Mjolnir is basically a tier 2 weapon, which is nothing to sneeze at. I would put it along with (also in no particular order): All Black the Necro-Sword, the Crimson Gem of Cyttorak, the Silver Surfer's board (is that a weapon?), the Eye of Agamotto, Dr. Doom's Armor, and possibly Iron Man's God Buster Armor. If paired with the belt of strength, Mjolnir *might* be able to hit top 10, since it did chip a Celestial's armor, but even then that was with a God-blast which destroyed Mjolnir in the process. </s>

<s>[INST] [Marvel] Where does Mjolnir rank among the most powerful weapons in the Marvel Universe ? [/INST]

No, in fact most creatures have a "side preference"! This is something that we have to account for in behavioral experiments from mice all the way up to non-human primates. Mice with a right-side preference, may take much longer to push the left lever in a cage and vice versa. So we set up controls. Either by having a large n, where half have to push the right lever and half have to push the left or by figuring out what a given animal's side preference is and using that data in the experimental design. </s>

Biophysicist here, specifically studying handedness and other internal biases in Drosophila. Most animals, even those as simple as Drosophila (fruit flies), have some form of individual internal bias such as handedness! In the case of Drosophila larvae, was right vs left isn’t as unbalanced as humans (more of a 50/50 split between left/right instead of 10/90 in humans), but preferences are strong, and we’re actually seeing that it overpowers even stimulus/environmental cues in decision making! </s>

<s>[INST] Are we the only animal to predominantly use one arm/hand? [/INST]

It didn't cook enough because despite being in the oven, it sounds like it was mixed with a bunch of ingredients (some of which are wet) which would increase cooking time. As someone else said, next time I'd do a quick sweat on your garlic and then add in. </s>

The garlic should have been cooked before adding to the cauliflower </s>

<s>[INST] Garlic in purée still raw after baking for 30 minutes—what happened? I tried a recipe for cauliflower purée to imitate mashed potatoes. Cauliflower was softened in the microwave before being mixed with raw garlic, cream, cheese, and cream cheese in a food processor. It was then baked at 375 for 30 minutes. But when I tried it, I still tasted raw garlic. It was extremely strong and overpowered the dish. Why didn’t the garlic cook? [/INST]

If you wanna never trust a measurement again, take four kinds of tape measures and line them up to an inch next time you’re in a department store. </s>

Fun fact, there really is no more physical representation of any of the base 7 SI units. All are now represented by fundamental constants. Even the kilogram, the very last holdout, is now figured by a Planck Constant in math. The seven base units, which every other unit of measure is branched from, are: Second / meter / kilogram / ampere / kelvin / mol / candela. &#x200B; Edit: figured i'd source myself. I'm a metrologist, it's my job to relate everything to these units. </s>

<s>[INST] ELi5 How do we know 1cm is 1cm all around the world? How are we sure about it? [/INST]

So I know you are asking specifically about DC, but.... This is actually the premise for John Carter of Mars. John, a Human from Earth, gets transported to Mars, but because Mars has weaker gravity than Earth John Carter is, by comparison, super human. I do not know of any DC specific examples of this though. </s>

Yes. The planet you’re after is Zur-En-Arrh. In Batman Brave and the Bold the atmospheric element Rhodon gave Batman Kryptonian powers on ‘Planet X‘. </s>

<s>[INST] [DC] So, Kryptonians are just like regular humans on Krypton, but become like Superman once exposed to the yellow sun. Does that imply that there MAY be some place in the universe where a regular human from Earth would be superhuman compared to its residents? Sorry if the question was worded poorly. What I'm trying to ask is, can there be some place in the universe not yet known to humans where a human might undergo some reaction and seem to be a superhuman compared to the residents of that place? I mean, is that not how a Kryptonian feels on Earth? [/INST]

Two reasons **Durability** Bondage gear is made to be tough and able to withstand a beating Sports gear is also made to be tough and able to withstand a beating Put them together and you can MacGyver yourself some half way decent armor. **Availability** Unlike something like military/police/etc equipment, these ***would NOT of been used up*** during the pre-apocalypses war(s). Sure you might get lucky to find an intact flag jacket, but 99% of the war gear that was made before hand is going to have been used up. But if you can find an alternative, such as high impact plastic football padding, or some **leather bondage straps** to tie pieces of padding/plates/etc together you can make something that works. </s>

Well good fetish stores are not a place on everyone's radar so they probably are full stock 2-3 years into apocalypse vs Walmart beieng empty before the government falls. And for sports equipment well it's cheap armor that will protect some from blunt blows </s>

<s>[INST] [General Post-Apocalypse] Why is everyone wearing what appears to be a combination of fetish-gear and football equipment? Were the only two buildings left standing a bondage club and a sporting goods store? [/INST]

All went well for me. Had a supportive advisor, a great stipend, finished in time, had fun and got a good postdoc afterwards. Went to a bunch of conferences with financial support either from the university or from being invited, published some papers during my PhD, still have several half finished papers left. I did my PhD in history at a university in Central Europe. </s>

None for me! Had a great time in grad school living in a fun city and publishing lots of high profile papers. It all went very well. </s>

<s>[INST] Has anyone here NOT had significant issues completing their PhD? Genuinely curious how many individuals here didn't face significant issues with advisors, cohorts, labs, course failures, mental health, etc. I've noticed the majority of posts speaking negatively about all facets of pursuing a PhD and honestly, I want to hear the positive parts for once. [/INST]

concrete is NOT synonymous with cement. do you refer to cake as flour? </s>

can't push a rope. let me introduce you to guided roller chain systems, friend. </s>

<s>[INST] What are your favorite misconceptions or misunderstandings of engineering? I know that I often get told by family "you're an engineer, figure it out" when something breaks. I'm not a mechanic. My latest professional favorite is conflating tolerances with clearances. >No, that product isn't better because it has "tighter" tolerances, not that you'd know what they were anyway, even if you had the drawing in front of you. [/INST]

Writing dates in YYYY-MM-DD form. </s>

When people are asking me for things or to do something sometimes I will say "Is that a requirement, or a desirement?". Not super technical but sometimes it does need an explanation </s>

<s>[INST] [Follow up] How do you explain your engineering terms that have crept into everyday vocabulary? My wife and I were reading over the terms you guys posted yesterday. Really nerdy fun! I didn't realize how much I used many of those words. I had to explain several of them to her and found myself using analogies and examples. I explained my word, "non-zero" with commercial flight statistics. "There is a non-zero chance my flight to Taipei will crash." "Huh?!" "It's technically possible, but statistically IMPROBABLE. Its non-zero." She didn't like my example... So, engineers, how do you explain your terms? [/INST]

He told the truth. Jason Todd went to the Middle East to search for his birth mother, and he and his mother were killed by the Joker, who was living there at the time. The next week Superman and Batman stopped the Joker from murdering the UN, which would have pushed "Bruce Wayne's adoptive ward dies overseas" from the headlines. </s>

He probably still said he was killed by the Joker. It's not like the Joker doesn't kill a lot of random people. </s>

<s>[INST] [Batman] How did Bruce Wayne explain Jason Todd’s death to people who did not know they were Batman and Robin? When Jason Todd as Robin was killed by Joker in Death In The Family, and before he came back to life, how did Bruce explain his death to others? I’d imagine that as Batman, he explained to allies who did not know he was Bruce Wayne, like Commissioner Gordon, that Robin was killed by the Joker, but what about explaining what happened to Jason as Bruce? Was he known to be Bruce Wayne’s ward before his death? If so, what explanation did Bruce come up with for what happened to him in order to cover up the truth that they are Batman and Robin? [/INST]

If you’re considering calling CPS, CALL CPS! They’ll sort out whether something is amiss or not and typically provide resources to help get the family back on track. </s>

Not a lawyer, retired educator Educational neglect is a good reason to call CPS. A nine year old with no reading skills is a case of educational neglect. PLEASE call CPS </s>

<s>[INST] A child, 9 years old, has never been enrolled in school (Arizona) I’m considering calling CPS! My cousins boyfriend has 3 children, the oldest is 9 years old, does not know how to read, and none of them have been enrolled in school, ever. They also are not receiving medical care as their father doesn’t believe in medicine. My cousin and her boyfriend have no job, and mooch off of people to survive. My question is, what are the legal ramifications for what this man has done to his kids? Can he go to Prison for failure to enroll his children? I am very concerned for the health and mental well-being of these children. [/INST]

Congratulations, Dr, you’ve earned it. We wish you a full and speedy recovery. </s>

I hope you recover quickly, Dr. Barnacle. </s>

<s>[INST] Successfully defended PhD yesterday. COVID-positive today. So much to do to submit this paper, but I feel like death. Any advice? [/INST]

Here me out on this one: killgrave. He’d be perfectly polite, direct, and ask you for exactly what he wants in such a way that you’ll love it. So much that you’ll be unable to not carry out even his most seemingly outrageous demand. </s>

Loki would be both, and at the same time </s>

<s>[INST] Marvel] I'm a waiter in a New York Restaurant, which supervillain will be the most and least polite to me? Inspired by [this post Lets follow the same rules here and say they can go out in public without being arrested or getting heroes sicced on them. Which villian would be the nicest or rudest to the waiter? Also-I know not all supervillains are from New York but all of them are fair game for this [/INST]

BBC Planet Earth is real. That little iguana prevailed over all of those snakes in a genuine moment of greatness. I won't tolerate it any other way! </s>

They use a fiberscope. Basically a camera lens on the end of a long, thin fibre optic cable. It's thin enough that it can be put into the regular entrances of the bee hive or ant colony. </s>

<s>[INST] Explain like I'm five years old: How do documentary shows like in History channel manage to record videos deep inside things like an ant colony, bee hive, etc? [/INST]

Professional Chef Here, just to give u an idea of how much butter goes in one dish. I use a 2:1 potato to butter ratio when making mashed potatoes. That’s one dish. So there’s that. </s>

Am cook for a restaurant: Ingredients are all fresh and of the highest quality around, but that doesnt mean we dont add extra fat for it to taste good. Heavy cream is subbed for milk, anything i can put sour cream into i will, always a little generous with the salt. My job is to make you a great meal, if you were going healthy you wouldnt order the 4 cheese mac and cheese with bacon on top. </s>

<s>[INST] ELIF: Why is restaurant food vastly more calorie dense than preparing food at home? Even at restaurants where they cook everything fresh, the calorie count is insane. [/INST]

Doesn't Groot far into the future become a rooted tree at some point. So ancient groot literally has the range of a tree's shade. </s>

For a while, the Hulk worked as a bouncer in Las Vegas. So, technically, just one building. (Well, he did other work for the boss as well, but primarily bouncing.) </s>

<s>[INST] [Marvel] People poke fun at Luke Cage and Daredevil for using their powers just to defend a few square miles of their town (Harlem and Hell's Kitchen), but which superhero has the smallest range of protection? Are there any heros who just try to defend say, a single city block, or even a single building? [/INST]

Anything that can't be repaired or at least opened up. Anything "interactive" that takes longer than 200ms to update. Anything "embedded" that takes longer than 500ms to boot. The use of electrolytic capacitors that are rated below 80 degrees C. Repeated button-pushing to control intensity. Javascript. </s>

Kitchen appliances that are difficult or impossible to clean. I always perform the finger test when buying to check that one can get a cloth into all the fiddly bits, particularly knobs. Edit: Also, semi-obscured parts such as buttons that can't be removed. Inevitably, a layer of grease and filth builds up just out of reach. </s>

<s>[INST] What common design decisions do you hate with a passion that non-engineers don't get? This question is inspired by a conversation with a friend in which I explained that I *strongly* belive that touchscreen interfaces have *no place* in car dashboards, especially if the system has a lot of different menu screens. They can't be used without taking attention away from controlling the vehicle and they're just plain *dangerous.* My friend, a car enthusiast and mechanic, just said, "Whoa. Okay, then..." Anybody else have that one thing that pisses them off? [/INST]

After three years in a pool we place the bundles in a cask and place them on a concrete pad to sit there until the country decides to develop a permanent storage facility or to reprocess the fuel. Reprocessing would make the most sense since over the 6 years that the fuel is in the core only, approximately, 3% of the fuel is expended. As for powering anything else the casks are all around 100 degrees so you are unlikely to get much energy from it. Source: I am a Senior Reactor Operator. </s>

Could the spent fuel that still needs cooling not be used in a two step process? The used fuel could slightly warm the water heading into the Facility, it would stay cool and put even its small amount of energy to better use. </s>

<s>[INST] Explain like I'm five years old: How come spent nuclear fuel is constantly being cooled for about 2 decades? Why can't we just use the spent fuel to boil water to spin turbines? [/INST]

No. He can not. When you register, and then once you’re admitted tell the nursing staff and the doctor that you do not want him in the delivery room. They will take care of it from there. </s>

You are also under no obligation to tell him where you plan to deliver or inform him when you are in any stage of labor. </s>

<s>[INST] Can my baby daddy force his self into the delivery room? I don’t feel comfortable with him being back there while I’m naked and exposed. I told him he can come in after she’s out and I’m covered up. I live in Ohio but I’ll be delivering in Kentucky. He’s threaten to get a lawyer to try and force his self in. [/INST]