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Q7855144

_START_ARTICLE_ Turkey fryer _START_SECTION_ Equipment _START_PARAGRAPH_ A traditional turkey fryer kit consists of a burner, a large stock pot with lid, a basket and/or poultry holder, a lifter and a thermometer. The burner operates on a standard propane tank that usually must be purchased separately. Current burner units are much lower than the original design so as to increase stability and help prevent tip-overs. Lower cost units use an aluminum stock pot and a steel burner while higher-end units include a stainless steel pot and burner. Some stock pots may have an integrated valve to drain the oil. The poultry holder consists of an aluminum or stainless steel disk with a metal rod formed into a loop with the ends affixed to the center of the disk. The loop is placed through the cavity of the turkey and the lifter is used to lower and remove the turkey. If a basket is used, it includes a bail that is grabbed by the lifter. The thermometer has a long probe and is used to monitor the temperature of the oil. The fryer can also be used to cook other poultry and seafood. The stock pot lid is used to cover the pot only when not actually frying or when preparing other foods by boiling in water. Heavy gloves and an apron are recommended._NEWLINE_Some vendors now offer an add-on temperature control valve. This consists of a valve that goes between the propane tank and the burner and a lead with a thermal sensor. The sensor is placed into the oil and the valve adjusts the flame to achieve a constant temperature._NEWLINE_Electric turkey fryers have been introduced that can be used indoors. Although the electric fryer does not heat up as fast as with propane, it includes a thermostat with a timer and a thermal safety shut-off. Electric fryers can also be used to prepare other foods by frying or boiling. _START_SECTION_ Preparation _START_PARAGRAPH_ Deep-frying requires a cooking oil with a high smoke point such as canola oil, peanut oil, safflower oil or a blend. Cooking time is about four minutes per pound (or about 7 minutes per kilo) of turkey, so a 15-pound turkey needs to be cooked for about one hour in 350 °F (175 °C) oil. Oil can be recovered, stored, and reused several times before it becomes rancid or contaminated. Storage life can be extended by filtering used oil and keeping it cool. A generous rub of salt and pepper may be used to increase flavor. The turkey can also be seasoned with an injectable marinade. Fried turkeys cannot be stuffed, nor do they provide drippings or broth for gravy. _START_SECTION_ Nutrition _START_PARAGRAPH_ After roasting, the most common method of turkey preparation is deep-frying, southern style, which involves submerging the whole turkey into a deep frying vat._NEWLINE_If performed properly, deep-frying does not make food excessively greasy, because the moisture in the food repels the oil. The hot oil heats the water within the food, steaming it from the inside out; oil cannot go against the direction of this powerful flow because (due to its high temperature) the water vapor pushes the bubbles toward the surface._NEWLINE_While a 9-ounce serving of roasted turkey (mixed parts) weighs in with 548 calories and 27 grams of fat, the same size serving of turkey, deep fried in peanut oil, has about 574 calories and 31 grams of fat._NEWLINE_Even though southern cooking doesn’t have a reputation for being the healthiest of American fare,_NEWLINE_fried turkey is traditionally prepared in peanut oil because it naturally maintains high temperatures throughout the cooking process and stops the oil from absorbing into the meat. This results in a bird that's crispy on the outside, moist on the inside and has a slight nutty taste. Deep-frying cuts way down on cooking time as it takes about three minutes per pound, as opposed to the hours needed to roast a turkey._NEWLINE_Furthermore, peanut oil is recommended as the preferred oil to deep fry a turkey in. Aside from its delicious taste,_NEWLINE_peanut oil is one of the healthiest oils. It is a vegetable oil that is naturally trans fat-free, cholesterol free, and low in saturated fats. Peanut oil is high in unsaturated fats, especially monounsaturated fat, like olive oil. It is also a source of the antioxidant, vitamin E and phytosterols, which benefit heart-health. Peanut oil is also a perfect choice for healthier frying because it can be heated to a higher temperature than other oils, and this results in lower oil pick up in the food.

17243296809039801191

Q933944

_START_ARTICLE_ Turn It into Love _START_SECTION_ Same Difference version _START_PARAGRAPH_ Brother-sister duo Same Difference recorded "Turn It into Love" and included it on their debut album which was released on 1 December 2008. It was intended to have been the second single from the duo (and from the album), and was due for release in 2009 but was cancelled. In 1990, Hong Kong band Echo covered this song in Cantonese.

2684124419396447038

Q7856366

_START_ARTICLE_ Turtle's Records & Tapes _START_PARAGRAPH_ Turtle's Records and Tapes was a Southern USA retail chain, based in Atlanta, that specialized in selling cassettes, records, and concert tickets; in the latter years of the chain's existence, it also rented movies in VHS format. Turtle's was recognized for its trademark logo, an upright standing turtle with its neck twisted around in several coils as he attempts to look backwards._NEWLINE_It was known for its deep selection and one of the most varied video rental offerings in its markets before the arrival of the big chains such as Blockbuster Inc. Small gold coins with a turtle on one side and a record on the other were issued by the stores for gift certificates._NEWLINE_Owned and incorporated by Al Levenson in 1977, the chain was regional in nature, concentrated in Georgia and Florida. Levenson sold the chain to Clinton Holding Co. of White Plains, New York around 1983 although he still remained in charge of its operations. At the time of the sale the chain consisted of 26 stores in the Atlanta metro area, but by October 1986 the business had expanded to 70 stores with locations in cities such as Birmingham, Alabama, Tallahassee, Jacksonville and Macon._NEWLINE_In 1989 Clinton sold the chain, now numbering more than 125 stores, to Super Club North America Corp., a subsidiary of Philips. Blockbuster purchased Super Club, including the Turtle's Records chain, in 1993. Over the succeeding four years, Turtle's stores were converted into Blockbuster Music stores or merged with stores that Blockbuster owned at the time of the purchase of the regional record seller.

16495736476250772941

Q2726352

_START_ARTICLE_ Tusshar Kapoor _START_SECTION_ Early and personal life _START_PARAGRAPH_ Tusshar Kapoor is the son of Bollywood actor Jeetendra and Shobha Kapoor. His sister Ekta Kapoor is a television and film producer. He attended the Bombay Scottish School where he was in the same class as Abhishek Bachchan but tusshar Kapoor was a more brilliant and outstanding student among the others. He then studied at the University of Michigan in Ann Arbor for his BBA degree at the Stephen M. Ross School of Business. Like his father, Kapoor is a follower of Nichiren Buddhism. Kapoor opted for IVF and became single parent to Laksshya Kapoor through surrogacy in June 2016. _START_SECTION_ Career _START_PARAGRAPH_ Prior to making his debut as an actor, Kapoor worked with film director David Dhawan as an assistant. Following this, he trained as an actor with Roshan Taneja and Mahendra Verma, in their acting school, and in dance with Nimesh Bhatt._NEWLINE_He made his debut in 2001 with the blockbuster Mujhe Kucch Kehna Hai, a remake of the Telugu super hit Tholi Prema, along with Kareena Kapoor. He received the Filmfare Award for Best Male Debut for his work in the film. He then starred as Rahul in coming of age film Kyaa Dil Ne Kahaa alongside Esha Deol. Kapoor then appeared in two more Telugu remakes Jeena Sirf Merre Liye (2002), and Yeh Dil (2003), which fared moderately well at the box office._NEWLINE_He then appeared in Ram Gopal Varma's production Gayab (2004) which had kapoor receiving appreciation for his work. Starting in 2004, Kapoor starred in commercial hits such as Khakee (2004), Kyaa Kool Hai Hum (2005), Golmaal (2006), Shootout at Lokhandwala (2007) in which he has essayed the role of gangster Dilip Buwa, and received good reviews for his work, Golmaal Returns (2008), Golmaal 3 (2010), The Dirty Picture (2011), Kyaa Super Kool Hain Hum (2012), the critically acclaimed Shor in the City (2012), and_NEWLINE_Shootout at Wadala (2013) . _NEWLINE_In 2012, Kapoor took part in the "Fashion for a Cause" event which raised money for homeless children. He has co-produced the film Chaar Din Ki Chandni (2012), in which he has also starred. He worked as a lead actor in Bollywood adult comedies Kyaa Kool Hain Hum 3 (2016) and Mastizaade (2016) both did average business._NEWLINE_In 2017, he starred as Lucky in the comedy film Golmaal Again, which ended up being a blockbuster. In 2018, he was seen in Simmba, in a special appearance as himself in the song "Aankh Marey". He also voiced part of the song._NEWLINE_In 2019, he starred as Manav in the ALT Balaji's web horror series Boo Sabki Phategi alongside Mallika Sherawat, and a movie Laxmmi Bomb as Kinnar Geetha.

4866058119698153173

Q6154098

_START_ARTICLE_ Tuxedo Brass Band _START_PARAGRAPH_ The Tuxedo Brass Band, sometimes called the Original Tuxedo Brass Band, was one of the most highly regarded brass bands of New Orleans, Louisiana in the 1910s and 1920s._NEWLINE_It was led by Papa Celestin starting about 1910. Many noted jazz greats played in the band. The group never recorded (though the Original Tuxedo Jazz Band, a dance band using some of the same musicians, did record in the mid-1920s)._NEWLINE_Personnel varied; as with most such New Orleans brass bands of the era, a group no larger than three trumpets or cornets, two trombones, one or two clarinets, alto horn, baritone horn, bass horn, snare drum, and bass drum considered sufficient for most jobs. The team of Papa Celestin playing a driving lead, Manuel Perez with sweet variations and Joe Oliver's hot bluesy counter melodies was remembered by many musicians of the era as the finest brass band trumpet team heard in the city._NEWLINE_Other notables who played in the band included Louis Armstrong, Peter Bocage, Mutt Carey, Louis Dumaine, Eddie Atkins, Harrison Barnes, Sunny Henry, Jim Robinson, John Casimir, Johnny Dodds, Jimmie Noone, Alphonse Picou, George Guesnon, Isidore Barbarin, Louis Keppard, Chinee Foster, Black Benny Williams, and Zutty Singleton._NEWLINE_A group of younger musicians formed the Young Tuxedo Brass Band, which is still in existence.

5367623136022048096

Q3542600

_START_ARTICLE_ Two Girls on Broadway _START_SECTION_ Plot _START_PARAGRAPH_ Molly Mahoney (Joan Blondell) forms a vaudeville act with her fiancé Eddie Kerns (George Murphy). Working at a local dance school, she longs to become a star performing on Broadway. Eddie persuades her to leave town for New York City, and after their arrival, Eddie debuts on the radio with his so-called singing canaries. Although the canaries are unable to sing, Eddie is not, and following an impressive debut he is offered a job at the station. He convinces co-worker Buddy Bartell (Richard Lanez) to grant Molly and her little sister Pat (Lana Turner) an audition._NEWLINE_What promised to be a big opportunity turns into the start of noticeable tensions between the sisters, when Bartell announces he wants to team Eddie and Pat. Molly, meanwhile, is offered a degrading job selling cigarettes. Instead of complaining, Molly swallows her pride and allows Pat to take the limelight meant for her. Meanwhile, wealthy and often-married playboy 'Chat' Chatsworth (Kent Taylor) falls for Pat and starts flirting with her. After a while, Molly finds out about Chat's wild past through her gossipy friend Jed Marlowe (Wallace Ford), and tries to warn her sister._NEWLINE_Her worries turn out to be unnecessary, though, as Pat feels more attracted to Eddie. She does not want to hurt Molly's feeling or ruin her engagement, and decides to return home. Molly, who is unaware of Pat's motives for leaving, insists that she stay. Thinking it is the only way of forgetting her feelings for Eddie, Pat accepts a proposal from Chat and elopes with him. When Eddie hears about this, he is alarmed, because he had been secretly in love with Pat the entire time. He admits his true feeling for Pat to Molly, and is encouraged to follow her. However, upon arriving at the apartment, Eddie finds out that Pat and Chat have already left._NEWLINE_Overhearing one of Chat's servants of Pat and Chat's whereabouts, Eddie rushes to City Hall. Breaking up a wedding ceremony that has already begun, Eddie professes his love for Pat. With the blessing of Molly, Pat and Eddie decide to marry, while Molly returns home. _START_SECTION_ Production _START_PARAGRAPH_ The film was Joan Blondell's first film for MGM. By the time of production, Lana Turner was hailed 'The Girl They're All Talking About! Lovely Lana, America's Blonde Bonfire, in her hottest, most daring role!' Being in the middle of a highly publicized career, Turner was in the position to demand top billing, even though she was less experienced than her co-stars. _START_SECTION_ Reception _START_PARAGRAPH_ The film received mixed reviews, with most critics complaining about the plot taking a second place to showcasing Turner. A The New York Times critic wrote: "With Lana Turner figuring prominently in the doings, it is fairly safe to predict that none of the patrons will bother to inquire where and when they have seen Two Girls on Broadway before. There is an indefinable something about Miss Turner that makes it a matter of small concern."_NEWLINE_On the other hand, Turner was praised for her musical talents, one reviewer describing her dance abilities as "precision and grace". A critic for The Hollywood Reporter even wrote that she should be teamed with Fred Astaire. _START_SECTION_ Box office _START_PARAGRAPH_ According to MGM records the film earned $475,000 in the US and Canada and $198,000 elsewhere resulting in a profit of $12,000.

17154745189275159608

Q59240

_START_ARTICLE_ Two Weeks in Another Town _START_SECTION_ Plot _START_PARAGRAPH_ Once an established movie star, Jack Andrus has hit rock bottom. An alcoholic, he has been divorced by wife Carlotta, has barely survived a car crash and has spent three years in a sanitarium recovering from a nervous breakdown._NEWLINE_Maurice Kruger, a film director who once was something of a mentor to Andrus, is also a has-been now. However, he has landed a job in Italy, directing a movie that stars a handsome, up-and-coming young actor, Davie Drew._NEWLINE_Andrus is offered a chance to come to Rome and play a role in Kruger's new film. He is crestfallen upon arriving when told that the part is no longer available to him. Kruger's mean-spirited wife, Clara, doesn't pity him a bit, but Andrus is invited to take a lesser job assisting at Cinecittà Studio with the dubbing of the actors' lines._NEWLINE_While working, he socializes with the beautiful Veronica, but she actually is in love with Drew. The actor is having a great deal of difficulty with his part and the movie is already over budget and behind schedule. Kruger's stress also is increased by the constant harping of Clara, resulting in a heart attack that sends the director to the hospital._NEWLINE_Andrus is asked to take over the director's chair and complete the film. Glad to do this favor for Kruger, he takes charge and gets the film back on schedule. The actors respond to him so much that Drew's representatives tell Andrus the actor will insist on his directing Drew's next film._NEWLINE_Proud of what he has done, Andrus goes to Kruger in the hospital, delighted to report the progress he's made, only to be attacked by Clara for trying to undermine Kruger and steal his movie from him. Andrus is shocked when Kruger sides with her._NEWLINE_An all-night descent into an alcohol-fueled rage follows. Carlotta goes along as a drunken Andrus gets behind the wheel of a car and races through the streets of Rome, nearly killing both of them._NEWLINE_At the last minute, Andrus comes to his senses. He vows to return home, continue his sobriety and get his life back on track. _START_SECTION_ Production _START_PARAGRAPH_ Two Weeks in Another Town was created by the same team that earlier worked on another film about the movie business, The Bad and the Beautiful: director (Vincente Minnelli), producer (John Houseman), screenwriter (Charles Schnee), composer (David Raksin), male star (Kirk Douglas), and studio (MGM). Both movies also feature performances of the song "Don't Blame Me" -- by Leslie Uggams in Two Weeks and by Peggy King in The Bad and the Beautiful. In one scene of the former, the cast watches clips from The Bad and the Beautiful in a screening room, presented as a movie that Douglas's character, Jack Andrus, had starred in. Two Weeks is not a sequel, however; the characters in the two stories are unrelated._NEWLINE_George Hamilton was cast as "a troubled, funky James Dean-type actor, for which I couldn't have been less appropriate" as he later admitted._NEWLINE_In the scene where Jack Andrus searches for David Drew in nightclubs in Rome, the song is "O' Pellirossa" featuring the italian singer and drummer Gegè Di Giacomo._NEWLINE_The adult subject matter would run into problems with the MPAA and the conservative studio executives at MGM. The new studio head, Joseph Vogel, wanted to transform the project into a "family film" and had it re-edited without Minnelli's input, reducing the total running time by 15 minutes. Both Minnelli and Houseman protested but to no avail. An orgy-party scene inspired by Federico Fellini's La Dolce Vita was deleted as well as a melancholy monologue by Cyd Charisse that was supposed to humanize her character. Kirk Douglas would later write in his 1988 autobiography that "this was such an injustice to Vincente Minnelli, who'd done such a wonderful job with the film. And an injustice to the paying public, who could have had the experience of watching a very dramatic, meaningful film. They released it that way, emasculated." _START_SECTION_ Critical _START_PARAGRAPH_ Initially, the film wasn't well-received by critics or the public. Bosley Crowther in his New York Times review of August 18, 1962 wrote: "The whole thing is a lot of glib trade patter, ridiculous and unconvincing snarls and a weird professional clash between the actor and director that is like something out of a Hollywood cartoon."_NEWLINE_The film's reputation has greatly improved over time. David Thomson called it "underrated," writing in The New Biographical Dictionary of Film that it was "invested with such intense psychological detail that the narrative faults vanish." Jonathan Rosenbaum wrote that it was "one of [Minnelli]'s last great pictures...The costumes, decor, and 'Scope compositions show Minnelli at his most expressive, and the gaudy intensity—as well as the inside detail about the movie business—makes this compulsively watchable." _START_SECTION_ Box office _START_PARAGRAPH_ According to MGM records the film earned $1 million in the US and Canada and $1.5 million elsewhere, leading to an overall loss of $2,969,000.

5496795141703310553

Q17743876

_START_ARTICLE_ Ty-uchaf Farmhouse, Llanelly _START_SECTION_ History _START_PARAGRAPH_ The farmhouse dates from the early 17th century, with a large wing added in the mid-17th century. A later block was added at the end of the 17th, or the beginning of the 18th century. A map of 1847 shows the farmhouse in the occupation of James Davies, who was farming 76 acres. _START_SECTION_ Architecture and description _START_PARAGRAPH_ The farmhouse is of stone and the chimneystack in the later block indicates that the upper parlour had a fireplace, which is unusual for a building of this date and location. The farmhouse is listed Grade II*. The external kitchen, dated 1697, and the barn range have their own Grade II listings.

13788620601734259301

Q7859591

_START_ARTICLE_ Ty Girlz _START_SECTION_ Advertising _START_PARAGRAPH_ When the Ty Girlz were debuted at toy fairs, Ty had posters and cut-outs of the Girlz to promote them. Ty even had a billboard in Atlanta, Georgia, showing Sizzlin' Sue saying "Who's that Girl?". That phrase soon became a popular tag for the line. In September 2007, the Ty Girlz got a MySpace and YouTube page. _NEWLINE_In the Spring 2008 Ty retailer catalog, retailers were able to purchase clothing made exclusively for Ty Girlz. _START_SECTION_ Sweet Sasha and Marvelous Malia controversy _START_PARAGRAPH_ In January 2009, Ty released two new Ty Girlz, one named Sweet Sasha and the other named Marvelous Malia. Media reports linked the names to Sasha and Malia Obama, daughters of President Barack Obama. On January 21, a Ty spokesperson told the Chicago Sun-Times that the Obama daughters were indeed the inspiration for the dolls. In response to Ty, Michelle Obama's press secretary said that Ty did not ask permission to use the Obama daughters' first names, saying "It is inappropriate to use young private citizens for marketing purposes." On January 22, when asked whether the new Ty Girlz were inspired by Sasha and Malia Obama, Ty's Senior Vice President of Sales said that the dolls were not made to physically resemble either of the Obama daughters and that the names chosen "worked very well with the dolls". Ty said that the process of naming dolls is proprietary information and would not say how the names were given to the dolls. In February 2009, Ty decided to retire the original dolls and give them new names, Marvelous Mariah and Sweet Sydney. The CEO of Ty said the name change was due to Michelle Obama's disapproval of the original names. Ty stated that, while the original names were inspired by "this historic time in our nation's history", they were not named after the Obama daughters. Ty promised to donate the profits from sales of the original dolls to a charity, the Andre Agassi Charitable Foundation for youth education._NEWLINE_Following the recall, dolls that had already been shipped to the marketplace sold on EBay for $3000.

7616887769882344163

Q7860025

_START_ARTICLE_ Tyler Hamilton (singer) _START_SECTION_ Career _START_PARAGRAPH_ Tyler competed in the first season of Canadian Idol which took place in 2003. He finished in seventh place. After Idol, Tyler met David Foster, who introduced him to American Idol fifth season runner up Katharine McPhee and songwriter Diane Warren, who would eventually start Tyler's classical music group "Due Voci." He partnered up with singer-songwriter Kelly Levesque and made their first album, Due Voci, which released in the summer of 2010. Tyler is currently the first Canadian Idol contestant to have an album chart in one of the major US Billboard charts.

3012733855317798706

Q7860063

_START_ARTICLE_ Tyler Lockett _START_SECTION_ College career _START_PARAGRAPH_ Lockett received an athletic scholarship to attend Kansas State University, where he played for coach Bill Snyder's Kansas State Wildcats football team from 2011 to 2014. Both his father, Kevin, and uncle, Aaron, played wide receiver for the Wildcats under Snyder. The Wildcats' receivers coach, Michael Smith, has also coached Lockett, his father and his uncle. _START_SECTION_ Freshman season (2011) _START_PARAGRAPH_ He had hoped to redshirt during the 2011 season, which was his freshman year, so that he could add size. He played in 2011 as a true freshman and got off to a modest start. Lockett only recorded four receptions for 50 yards, three rushes for nine yards, one kickoff return for ten yards, and two punt returns for a total of 13 yards in his first five games through October 8. Things started to turn around on October 15 when he posted a 100-yard return of a kickoff for a touchdown against Texas Tech. Over the ensuing weeks, he earned numerous Big 12 Conference honors for the 2011 team, including becoming a two-time Big 12 Special Teams Player of the Week. His first Player of the Week recognition came on October 24 after he produced a 251-yard all-purpose yards performance on October 22 against Kansas in the Governor's Cup that included posting a 97-yard kickoff return touchdown while becoming the first player in school history to return kickoffs for touchdowns in consecutive games and having a career-high five-reception 110-yard receiving day. His other Player of the Week recognition that season came on November 7 after a 315-yard all-purpose yard November 5 game against Oklahoma State that included an 80-yard kickoff return and three rushes for 84 yards as well as three receptions for 32 yards and a touchdown. Due to what was at first an undisclosed injury, he did not play in the final three games of Kansas State's regular season. Later, the injury was determined to be a lacerated kidney. In the four games before the injury, he had at least three receptions and 125 all-purpose yards in each game._NEWLINE_He was the Big 12 Offensive Freshman of the Year, a second-team All-Big 12 selection as a kickoff returner/punt returner, and an honorable mention selection as a wide receiver. He was a first-team All-American selection by Sporting News and the Walter Camp Football Foundation, and a second-team All-American selection by CBS Sports and Sports Illustrated. As a result of the extent of his honors, he was recognized as a consensus All-American by the NCAA. He also picked up numerous All-Freshman honors from Sporting News, Football Writers Association of America (FWAA), CBS Sports, Rivals.com (2nd team) and College Football News (honorable mention, WR). Lockett failed to play in 75 percent of the Wildcats' games in order to be eligible to be the NCAA statistical leader for average kickoff return yardage. Although Lockett averaged 35.19 yards per return (16 returns for 563 yards), another freshman, Raheem Mostert of Purdue, led the NCAA statistical category with a 33.48 average. _START_SECTION_ Sophomore season (2012) _START_PARAGRAPH_ Lockett entered the season as a preseason All-Big 12 first team selection by the Big 12 media as a kickoff returner, but ESPN only listed him as an honorable mention selection, giving the first team honor to Oklahoma State's Justin Gilbert. On September 15, Lockett posted his third career kickoff return touchdown against North Texas, by returning a first quarter kickoff 96 yards. He earned Big 12 Conference Special Teams Player of the Week honors on September 17. On October 20, he posted career highs in receptions (9), receiving yards (194), and receiving touchdowns (2) against West Virginia, giving him the fifth highest single-game receiving yardage total in school history. His fourth career kickoff return touchdown occurred on November 3 against Oklahoma State. This earned Lockett another Big 12 Special Teams Player of the Week. On November 15, Lockett earned a second team Academic All-Big 12 selection. Lockett was a 2012 All-Big 12 honorable mention selection both at wide receiver and special teams. He was also an honorable mention All-American return specialist selection by Sports Illustrated. _START_SECTION_ Junior season (2013) _START_PARAGRAPH_ Prior to the 2013 season, Lockett was recognized as a 2013 Allstate/American Football Coaches Association (AFCA) Good Works Team nominee. He opened the season with 7 receptions for 113 yards, including a 56-yard touchdown pass, against North Dakota State on August 30. The following week, he added 111 yards against Louisiana–Lafayette on 8 receptions. On September 21, he connected with quarterback Jake Waters for 13 receptions for 237 yards against Texas in the 2013 Big 12 Conference season opener and had an additional 96 return yards on kickoffs. 237 receiving yards is a Kansas State single-game record, surpassing Jordy Nelson's 214 yards against Iowa State on November 3, 2007. This receiving yardage total was the 2nd highest in the first four weeks of the season behind Texas A&M wideout Mike Evans' 297 yards. Lockett suffered a hamstring injury in the first half of the October 5 contest against Oklahoma State. He returned to the lineup on October 26, to post three touchdowns and 111 yards on 8 receptions and help Kansas State achieve its first Big 12 win of the season against West Virginia. On November 16, Lockett posted 8 receptions for 123 yards, including a 74-yard touchdown reception against TCU. One week later, Lockett caught 12 passes for 278 yards and 3 touchdowns against Oklahoma. He also returned 5 kickoffs for 162 yards. Lockett broke his own Kansas State single-game record for receiving yards and surpassed Darren Sproles for the Kansas State single-game all-purpose yards record (440). Lockett was named the Big 12 Conference Special Teams Player of the Week on November 25 upon becoming the all-time Kansas state leader in career kickoff return yards with 1,780. His 278 single-game receiving yards was fourth in Big 12 history and his 440 single-game all-purpose yards ranked second in Big 12 history and fifth in FBS history. Following the season, he was recognized as an All-Big 12 Conference first team selection as both a wide receiver and an all-purpose player. FWAA named him second team All-American at wide receiver and Sports Illustrated gave him honorable mention All-American recognition as an all-purpose player. In the December 28, 2013 Buffalo Wild Wings Bowl, Lockett had 10 receptions for 116 yards and 3 touchdowns against Michigan. Lockett's performance marked the most receptions by any receiver in a Buffalo Wild Wings Bowl and the most receptions in a Bowl game by a Kansas State receiver. _START_SECTION_ Senior season (2014) _START_PARAGRAPH_ Lockett entered his senior season as a preseason All-Big 12 selection as well as a Walter Camp Award, Maxwell Award, Paul Hornung Award, and Biletnikoff Award watchlist candidate. On September 25, he was named one of 62 FBS semifinalists for the William V. Campbell Trophy. He posted his first 100-yard game of the season against Iowa State on September 6, in Kansas State's second game when he tallied 136 receiving yards on 6 receptions. On September 18, he was named one of 30 candidates for the Senior CLASS Award. On September 27, Lockett posted two 50-plus-yard punt returns including a 58-yard touchdown against UTEP. On September 29, Lockett earned his sixth career Big 12 player of the week recognition when he was named Big 12 Special Teams Player of the Week. The following week, he posted 12 receptions for 125 yards and 2 touchdowns against Texas Tech on October 4, and he added 103 yards on 8 receptions against Texas on October 25. On October 30, he earned an $18,000 postgraduate scholarship as one of 16 finalists for the Campbell Trophy. On November 8, he posted 196 yards and a touchdown on 11 receptions against #6 TCU. The effort boosted Lockett's career receiving yardage total to 3,073 yards, surpassing his father's school record total of 3,032 set in 1996. Then, he was named as one of 10 finalists for the Senior CLASS Award and one of 10 semi-finalists for the Biletnikoff Award. On November 20, he was recognized as a first team Academic All-Big 12 honoree. Lockett had 10 receptions for 196 yards and a 43-yard punt return touchdown against West Virginia on November 20 and 9 receptions for 119 yards and 2 touchdowns against Kansas on November 29. In the Kansas–Kansas State rivalry game, Lockett passed his father's school record for receptions and tied his school record for touchdown receptions. In his final regular season game against #5 Baylor, Lockett posted 14 receptions for 158 yards and a touchdown, which gave him 27 career touchdown receptions and broke a tie with his father for the school record. With just a bowl game remaining, Lockett's career total of 3,546 receiving yards ranked 6th in Big 12 Conference history. He added 13 receptions for 164 receiving yards and 2 touchdowns against UCLA in the January 2, 2015 Alamo Bowl. In the game, Lockett had a 41-yard punt return and had a 72-yard punt return touchdown negated due to a holding penalty. He established Alamo Bowl records for receptions (13) and all-purpose yards (249). He was recognized as the game's Sportsmanship MVP._NEWLINE_On December 10, the Big 12 coaches selected Lockett as a repeat All Big 12 Special Teams Player of the Year and as a first team wide receiver. ESPN selected Lockett as the All-Big 12 first team all purpose player while the Associated Press named him a first team All-Big 12 wide receiver. Lockett was an all-purpose first team selection to the 2014 College Football All-America Team by ESPN, CBS Sports, Scout.com, American Football Coaches Association, and Sports Illustrated. He was a first team punt returner selection by the Football Writers Association of America. He was a second team selection by USA Today at wide receiver, Walter Camp Foundation at return specialist, and Associated Press as an all-purpose player. He earned the school's eleventh consensus All-American recognition. Lockett was selected to play in the 2015 Senior Bowl. He was recognized as the 2014 Big 12 Football Scholar-Athlete of the Year. He was recognized as one of five First team Senior All-Americans from the 2014 Senior CLASS Award candidates. Lockett was recognized with the Jet Award._NEWLINE_Lockett finished his college career with 249 receptions for 3,710 yards and 29 touchdowns as a receiver; 77 kickoff returns for 2,196 yards and 4 touchdowns; 32 punt returns for 488 yards and 2 touchdowns; and 22 rushes for 192 yards as well as 6 career tackles. This totals 6,586 career All-purpose yards. Although the National Collegiate Athletic Association officially recognizes 1.2 punt returns per game as the qualifying minimum threshold, some sources consider 1 punt return per game as the qualifying minimum, and thus Richard Leonard of Florida International is the 2014 punt return average leader by those sources. Lockett's senior season totals led the Big 12 Conference in receiving yards and the nation in punt return average. _START_SECTION_ 2015 season: Rookie year _START_PARAGRAPH_ In his first NFL appearance, Lockett returned a 103-yard kickoff for a touchdown against the Denver Broncos in Seattle's preseason opener, marking the first touchdown of the preseason for the team. Four weeks later, in his NFL regular season debut, Lockett returned a 57-yard punt for a touchdown on his first career return, against the St. Louis Rams. He also posted 4 receptions for 34 yards in his debut. The following week, he made his first career regular season start against the Green Bay Packers. Lockett returned a 105-yard kick return in week 3 against the Chicago Bears, setting a new franchise record. His performance for the first three weeks of the season earned him recognition as NFC Special Teams Player of the Month for September 2015. Lockett was the first Seahawks rookie to win the award since Joey Galloway. Lockett posted his first career touchdown reception on Thursday Night Football against the San Francisco 49ers on October 22, 2015. On November 22 against the San Francisco 49ers, Lockett scored 2 receiving touchdowns. On December 6 against the Minnesota Vikings who were 8-3 at the time, Lockett had 7 receptions for 90 yards, both new career highs. One week later, Lockett had his first 100-yard receiving game and his second multi touchdown game with 104-yards, and a two-touchdown winning effort against the Baltimore Ravens. Lockett was named Pepsi NFL Rookie of the Week for his performance against the Ravens. On December 22, 2015, Lockett was selected to be part of the 2016 Pro Bowl. Lockett was one of only three rookies to be selected to the Pro Bowl, along with Rams running back Todd Gurley and Chiefs cornerback Marcus Peters. In the final week of the season on January 3 against the Arizona Cardinals, Lockett set up several scores by the Seahawks with long punt returns and receptions. His 139 punt return yards on 4 punt returns set a Seahawks single-game punt return yardage record and earned Lockett NFC special teams player of the week recognition for week 17. Three punt returns of at least 30 yards in the same game had not been accomplished by an NFL returner in at least 10 seasons. For his performance over the last 5 weeks of the season in which he amassed 759 all-purpose yards, he earned the NFC’s Special Teams Player of the Month for December/January, making him the second rookie to win the award twice (Tamarick Vanover, 1995). He joined Gale Sayers as the only rookie to record at least 5 receiving touchdowns, a punt return touchdown, and a kickoff return touchdown. He was the only rookie to be named to the Associated Press All-Pro 1st team. He was also voted along with teammate Thomas Rawls to be in the Pro Football Writers Association NFL All-Rookie Team (2015). Lockett was selected to the team at three positions: wide receiver, punt returner, and kickoff returner. For the 2016 Pro Bowl, Lockett was selected by Team Rice in a fantasy-style draft. At the Pro Bowl, he made one catch for 10 yards and returned one punt for 24 yards. _START_SECTION_ 2016 season _START_PARAGRAPH_ Lockett finished the 2016 season with 41 catches for 597 yards and a touchdown. In addition to his receiving numbers, he had 114 rushing yards including a 75-yard rushing touchdown, which was the longest Seattle run of the season. Lockett broke his tibia and fibula while making a 28-yard catch in a Week 16 loss to the Arizona Cardinals. He had surgery later that night and was placed on injured reserve on December 27, 2016. Following the season, he was named to the 2016 All-Pro Second Team by the Associated Press. _START_SECTION_ 2017 season _START_PARAGRAPH_ In Week 11, Lockett returned five kickoffs for 197 yards, including a 57-yarder, earning him NFC Special Teams Player of the Week. Following the season, he was named second-team All-Pro by the Associated Press as a returner. He finished the season with 45 receptions for 555 receiving yards and two receiving touchdowns to go along with 37 kick returns for 949 net return yards and one kick return touchdown. _START_SECTION_ 2018 season _START_PARAGRAPH_ On August 29, 2018, Lockett signed a three-year, $31.8 million contract extension with the Seahawks through the 2021 season. In the first three games of the season, Lockett totaled 12 receptions for 196 receiving yards. In addition, he recorded a receiving touchdown in each game. He finished the season as the Seahawks leading receiver with 57 receptions for 965 yards and 10 touchdowns, all career highs. When targeted by quarterback Russell Wilson, Wilson produced a perfect 158.3 passer rating. No other receiver has ever put up a perfect passer rating while being targeted more than 15 times in NFL history. In the Wild Card Round of the 2018–19 NFL playoffs against the Dallas Cowboys, Lockett had four catches for 120 yards in the 24-22 loss. _START_SECTION_ 2019 season _START_PARAGRAPH_ In week 1 against the Cincinnati Bengals, Lockett only caught 1 pass in the game, however it was for 44 yards and a fourth quarter touchdown in the 21-20 win. _NEWLINE_In week 3 against the New Orleans Saints, Lockett caught 11 passes for 154 yards and 1 touchdown in the 33-27 loss. _NEWLINE_In week 5 against the Los Angeles Rams, Lockett caught 4 passes for 51 yards and a toe tapping touchdown catch in the back of the endzone in the 30-29 win. _START_SECTION_ Personal life _START_PARAGRAPH_ Tyler was born to Nicole Edwards and Kevin Lockett who, having played at Kansas State from 1993 to 1996, was the school's all-time leading receiver before being passed by Tyler, and also played in the NFL for the Kansas City Chiefs. His uncle, Aaron, who played at K-State from 1998 to 2001, was their fourth all-time leading receiver as well as their second all-time leading punt returner. Aaron also holds Big 12 Conference records and set the school record in the 60 meters. Kansas State head coach Bill Snyder had coached his father and uncle. His paternal grandparents are John and Beatrice Lockett and his maternal grandparents are Marvin D. Hopson and Shirley Edwards.

38446807662089174

Q7860159

_START_ARTICLE_ Tyler State Park (Pennsylvania) _START_SECTION_ Ecology _START_PARAGRAPH_ According to the A. W. Kuchler U.S. potential natural vegetation types, Tyler State Park would have dominant vegetation type of Appalachian Oak (104) with a dominant vegetation form of Eastern Hardwood Forest (25).

6182495935226403485

Q24997721

_START_ARTICLE_ Typhlomangelia magna _START_SECTION_ Distribution _START_PARAGRAPH_ This extinct marine species is endemic to New Zealand.

5463801057530850598

Q29909259

_START_ARTICLE_ Tyrell Fuimaono _START_SECTION_ Early life _START_PARAGRAPH_ Fuimaono was born in Penrith, New South Wales, Australia. He is of Indigenous Australian (Wiradjuri) and Samoan descent._NEWLINE_He played his junior rugby league for St Marys Saints, and was selected to represent the Australian Schoolboys while attending Patrician Brothers' College, Blacktown in 2014. _START_SECTION_ Playing career _START_PARAGRAPH_ Fuimaono was signed by the Parramatta Eels, playing for their S. G. Ball Cup and National Youth Competition teams. He was named on the interchange bench in the 2016 NYC team of the year._NEWLINE_Fuimaono joined the South Sydney Rabbitohs in 2017. Before making his NRL Debut, Fuimaono played the first half of the 2017 season in the NSW Cup with The North Sydney Bears and made a total of 8 appearances. Fuimaono made his NRL debut for Souths in their match against the Wests Tigers on 12 May. Fuimaono finished the season playing 15 games without missing a match since his debut, scoring 2 tries._NEWLINE_In 2018, Fuimaono only made 5 appearances for Souths as the player struggled with injuries and did not feature in Souths finals campaign._NEWLINE_In 2019, Fuimaono signed a contract to join the Penrith Panthers after being released by South Sydney at the end of 2018._NEWLINE_Fuimaono made his debut for Penrith against Parramatta in round 1 of the 2019 NRL season which ended in a 20-12 loss. On 16 September 2019, Fuimaono was one of ten players named who were being released by the Penrith club at the end of the 2019 NRL season. _START_SECTION_ Controversy _START_PARAGRAPH_ On 11 June 2019, Fuimaono was handed a 12-month good behaviour bond at court after pleading guilty to hindering police. The sentence was handed down in relation to an incident which happened in 2018 when Fuimaono tried to prevent police from arresting his cousin following a brawl on Oxford Street in Sydney's CBD.

10615607721107557648

Q7861488

_START_ARTICLE_ Tyrell McCrea _START_SECTION_ College _START_PARAGRAPH_ McCrea was a linebacker at Angelo State University, where he was known for being a leader. McCrea started 4 seasons after taking a redshirt his first year on campus._NEWLINE_Although starting four seasons, he finished his college career in style by being named All-Lone Star Conference his senior year. McCrea also helped ASU baseball team to a NCAA Division II World Series berth in baseball. _START_SECTION_ Corpus Christi Sharks _START_PARAGRAPH_ McCrea went undrafted by the NFL and was signed as a free agent by the Corpus Christi Sharks of the af2 to play fullback and linebacker in June 2007. He spent a week with the Austin Wranglers of the AFL prior. McCrea started the last five games of the season and earned Defensive Player of the game twice. McCrea's best performance was against the Texas Copperheads where he finished with 4 tackles, sack, and a forced fumble for a 40-yard touchdown. During the summer, McCrea worked out for the Green Bay Packers. In November 2007, McCrea signed to play with the Sharks for another season. _START_SECTION_ New Orleans VooDoo _START_PARAGRAPH_ In April 2011, McCrea signed with the New Orleans Voodoo of the Arena Football League. He is currently on the in-active roster.

13906033839112852261

Q17107633

_START_ARTICLE_ Tzeo River _START_PARAGRAPH_ The Tzeo River is a river in the Central Coast region of British Columbia, Canada, flowing generally south out of the Pacific Ranges into the head of Owikeno Lake.

12338933907168491771

Q2112666

_START_ARTICLE_ U.S. Route 7 in Connecticut _START_SECTION_ Route description _START_PARAGRAPH_ US 7 in Connecticut is also known as Route 7, the Ethan Allen Highway, and Super 7. It is mostly a surface road but has three short expressway sections in the Norwalk and Danbury areas. US 7 begins in Norwalk with a four-mile (6.4 km) expressway that runs nearly to the Wilton town line. There are three exits on this short section, signed as "The Forty Third Infantry Division Memorial Highway". Exit 1, just past the southern terminus at I-95, leads to the Central Norwalk Business District and US 1. Exit 2 leads to Route 123 which extends from US 1 in Norwalk through the town of New Canaan to the New York state line. After exit 2, the expressway reduces to four lanes from six. Exit 3 leads to the Merritt Parkway (Route 15) southbound. This interchange was half built and only allows southbound access from the expressway; northbound access is gained via Route 123 at exit 2. Plans are being developed to eventually complete the interchange. The expressway section ends at Grist Mill Road in Norwalk, about one-half mile (0.80 km) past exit 3._NEWLINE_Near Danbury, another expressway section was built beginning one mile (1.6 km) south of I-84 near the Danbury Airport. This section is also signed as "The Forty Third Infantry Division Memorial Highway". Through Danbury proper, US 7 overlaps with I-84 for about four miles (6.4 km). Through this section of expressway, I-84, US 7, US 6 and US 202 all run concurrently. US 7 and US 202 then leave I-84 at exit 7 and travel on their own expressway for approximately seven miles (11 km) to just south of the New Milford line. On this section there are two exits. At exit 11, US 202 exits the expressway, and at exit 12, US 202 crosses back over US 7. On southbound US 7, the exit for I-84 eastbound is signed as exit 10. There is no exit number for I-84 west because of the concurrency. The US 7 expressway then bypasses Brookfield to the west and terminates at an intersection with US 202 at the Fairfield–Litchfield county line._NEWLINE_US 7 is cosigned with US 202 until central New Milford, where US 202 turns east with Route 67 while US 7 continues north. Recent construction has also made large parts of US 7 between the terminus of the expressway and New Milford a four-lane divided highway with at-grade intersections. North of New Milford center, US 7 remains a two-lane road through the rest of Connecticut. US 7 has a short 0.35-mile (0.56 km) concurrency with US 44 in North Canaan before continuing north for another 1.5 miles (2.4 km) to the Massachusetts state line. _START_SECTION_ History _START_PARAGRAPH_ The precursor to US 7 was New England route NE-4. When US 7 was commissioned, it followed the whole route of NE-4. It entered Connecticut from the north in North Canaan and then followed Route 41 southwest to Sharon and into New York state. This alignment had US 7 follow New York State Route 22 (NY 22) to a southern terminus in New York City rather than in Norwalk. This southern terminus was shifted to Norwalk around 1930, and was rerouted onto other existing state highways of the time to get from Canaan to Norwalk. From Canaan to New Milford, the road was known as State Highway 134, and from there to Danbury was State Highway 128. From Danbury to Ridgefield, the road was part of another New England route, NE-3, which was paved in 1924. From Ridgefield to Norwalk was State Highway 126._NEWLINE_Early planning of the Interstate Highway System in the late 1940s and early 1950s envisioned an Interstate route (I-89) paralleling US 7 from Norwalk Connecticut to the Canadian border north of Burlington, Vermont. Connecticut's portion of this freeway was to have paralleled US 7 from Norwalk to Danbury, then followed I-84 around Danbury before branching off to the north and paralleling US 7 and US 202 to New Milford. North of New Milford, the proposed freeway would have continued northward paralleling US 7 through the remainder of Connecticut and into Massachusetts. Of the proposed freeway plan, the section from I-95 to Grist Mill Road in Norwalk, and the segment from Sleepy Hollow Road in Danbury to US 202 at the Brookfield–New Milford town line were built. Construction on the initial freeway segments in Norwalk began in 1969 and in Danbury and Brookfield in 1970, but lawsuits brought on by residents within the highway's path and environmental groups halted construction north of Route 123 in 1972. With an approved environmental impact statement, construction resumed in 1986 between Route 123 and Grist Mill Road in Norwalk and from I-84 to Sleepy Hollow Road in Danbury. The Danbury section opened in 1987, while the extension of the US 7 freeway to Grist Mill Road opened in 1992. Lack of funding and continued opposition to the freeway has prevented construction of the remainder of the proposed highway between Grist Mill Road and Danbury. Instead, from 2003 to 2008 the existing US 7 was widened from two to four lanes from Grist Mill Road to Wolfpit Road in Wilton, and from the Route 35 intersection in Ridgefield to the freeway terminus at Sleepy Hollow Road in Danbury. The Connecticut Department of Transportation (ConnDOT) has stated its intent to eventually extend the southern section of the US 7 freeway from Grist Mill Road in Norwalk to Route 33 in Wilton (approximately 3 miles [4.8 km]), but no timetable or funding source has been defined for this project._NEWLINE_Construction on the section between I-84 and exit 12 began in 1974 and was completed in 1976. The Brookfield bypass segment between exit 12 and the current expressway terminus opened in November 2009, after two years of construction. The former US 7 route through Brookfield is now signed solely as US 202.

18146171169733324201

Q64184460

_START_ARTICLE_ UFC 245 _START_SECTION_ Background _START_PARAGRAPH_ A UFC Welterweight Championship bout between the current champion Kamaru Usman and former interim title holder Colby Covington has been slated to serve as the event headliner._NEWLINE_A UFC Featherweight Championship bout between the current champion Max Holloway and Alexander Volkanovski is expected to take place at the event._NEWLINE_A UFC Women's Bantamweight Championship bout between the current champion Amanda Nunes and the inaugural UFC Women's Featherweight Champion Germaine de Randamie is expected to take place at the event. The pairing previously met in November 2013 at UFC: Fight for the Troops 3, with Nunes winning the encounter via TKO in the first round._NEWLINE_Sergio Pettis was briefly linked to a bout with Kai Kara-France at the event. However in early October, Pettis revealed that he was entertaining offers from other promotions after the completion of his previous contract and did not currently have a fight lined up with the promotion. Kara-France is now expected to face Brandon Moreno.

13547903593605383367

Q7865000

_START_ARTICLE_ UK mortgage terminology _START_SECTION_ Introduction _START_PARAGRAPH_ The UK mortgage market is one of the most innovative and competitive in the world. Most borrowing is funded by either mutual organisations (building societies and credit unions) or proprietary lenders (typically banks). For a number of years the market operated with minimal state intervention, although this changed at least temporarily following the 2008 nationalisation of Northern Rock (one of the country's largest mortgage banks)._NEWLINE_Since 1982, when the market was substantially deregulated, there has been substantial innovation and diversification of strategies employed by lenders to attract borrowers. This has led to a wide range of mortgage types.

11816453577609754812

Q25350250

_START_ARTICLE_ ULMA Handling Systems _START_SECTION_ History _START_PARAGRAPH_ ULMA Handling Systems is one of the 8 companies which make up ULMA Group, which dates back to 1957 when six young mechanics set up a small workshop in Oñati (Guipúzcoa). In 1988 was founded ULMA Handling Systems, after a technology transfer agreement was signed with the Japanese company Daifuku for the sale and introduction of automatic material handling._NEWLINE_In 1997, the company broke into overseas markets installing warehouses in Brazil, France and Italy and nowadays has subsidiaries in Spain, France, Netherlands, Brazil, Chile and Peru. _START_SECTION_ Products and services _START_PARAGRAPH_ The company designs material handling systems involving automatic movements of the products, improving the productivity rates and the efficiency of the warehouses._NEWLINE_The company develops order picking solutions, automated storage and retrieval systems (AS/RS), conveyor and automated guided vehicles, automated sorting solutions and end of line solutions. ULMA Handling Systems offers from logistics consulting, planning, design to after sales service._NEWLINE_In addition, the company provides warehouse management software which guarantees the optimization and optimum control of all the movements of the goods that are located into the warehouse. _NEWLINE_It also offers baggage handling solutions, designing and developing integral solutions and health logistics solutions, such as storage of medication and its dispensing.

8924193399543647310

Q7865509

_START_ARTICLE_ UPMC Hamot _START_SECTION_ History _START_PARAGRAPH_ Hamot was founded as the Hamot Hospital Association on February 7, 1881. The hospital was named after Pierre Simon Vincent Hamot, a successful French businessman who had settled in Erie in the early 19th century and became an active member of the community. Following his death in 1846, his children and grandchildren donated the Hamot Homestead for use as a general hospital. Quickly organized and managed by the first nurse hired by the hospital, Irene Sutleff, the hospital opened its doors to the public on July 1, 1881, and treated its first patient who was admitted on July 10, 1881. The Hamot Homestead facility quickly outgrew its 25 patient capacity, and the first of many expansions was conducted in 1888._NEWLINE_In 2009, Kane Community Hospital in Kane, Pennsylvania became a controlled affiliate of the Hamot Health Foundation, and therefore later became affiliated with UPMC through Hamot's integration with UPMC in 2011. UPMC Hamot also has clinical affiliations with Charles Cole Memorial Hospital, Elk Regional Health Center, and Warren General Hospital._NEWLINE_On January 8, 2011, Hamot opened a five-story, $59 million Hamot Women's Hospital to house its obstetrics and gynecology services. Hamot's marketing campaigns have used a variety of themes, including "...it matters where you go", and "leading the way to better health". _START_SECTION_ Affiliation with UPMC _START_PARAGRAPH_ On August 27, 2010, Hamot Medical Center and the University of Pittsburgh Medical Center (UPMC) signed a letter of intent to negotiate a $300 million affiliation deal. On January 10, 2011, Hamot's board of trustees unanimously approved a formal agreement to affiliate and integrate into UPMC as the medical center's tertiary hub for northwestern Pennsylvania. Hamot's affiliation with UPMC official began on February 1, 2011 and the medical center was renamed "UPMC Hamot". In December 2015, UPMC Hamot Women's Hospital was renamed to Magee-Womens Hospital - UPMC Hamot Campus to reflect its alignment with Magee-Womens Hospital of UPMC. _START_SECTION_ Recognition _START_PARAGRAPH_ UPMC Hamot is listed among Thomson Reuters 100 Top Hospitals, Becker's Hospital Review 50 Best Hospitals in America, and has been recognized numerous times as being among the 50 best hospitals in various specialties by U.S. News & World Report.

2948068782835747673

Q7865633

_START_ARTICLE_ US-China Education Trust _START_SECTION_ Programs _START_PARAGRAPH_ USCET's activities currently fall within eight main program areas: _START_SECTION_ The American Studies Network _START_PARAGRAPH_ Conceived to strengthen American Studies programs in China, this consortium of academic institutions, now numbering more than 50, provides opportunities for members to collaborate, share resources, and develop their capacity to teach about American society and culture. One of the primary goals of the ASN is to promote a more comprehensive understanding of the United States in China by sponsoring academic research in fields that go beyond politics and US-China relations, which tend to dominate Chinese research about America. As such, the ASN encourages scholarly collaboration and research on topics such as American culture and religion. ASN activities include an annual conference for all member universities; an American Studies Fellows program which places young Chinese scholars at American universities for a mentored semester-long fellowship; and delegations of American Studies scholars from China to the annual meeting of the American Studies Association in the United States. _START_SECTION_ American Governance _START_PARAGRAPH_ USCET's earliest initiative in China, the Congressional Practicum, has expanded to include elections seminars, training sessions, and annual lectures that build knowledge among Chinese professionals, officials, and students about the workings of the US legislative and political process. Past programs have included case studies, hands-on training, and interactive exchanges among US and Chinese experts. _START_SECTION_ USCET Student Leaders Exchange _START_PARAGRAPH_ This program was the first in the United States to be launched under President Barack Obama's "100,000 Strong" Initiative to increase the number of American students studying in China. The program provides grants to American universities to encourage students to study abroad in China. Universities will use the funds to award travel grants to students enrolled in summer, semester, and academic year study abroad programs. Current partner universities include Boston University, San Francisco State University, the University of Arkansas, and the University of North Alabama. _START_SECTION_ Summer Institutes _START_PARAGRAPH_ Summer Institutes are short term academic sessions for Asian students and scholars in the United States. The 2010 Summer Institute, entitled "U.S. Foreign Policy for East Asian Student Leaders," brought 20 undergraduate students from China, Korea, and Japan to Washington, DC for a four-week academic program about American politics and society. The 2010 Institute combined classroom discussions, guest lectures, field trips, and a study tour. _START_SECTION_ Greenberg/Starr Scholarships _START_PARAGRAPH_ Named in honor of American businessman and philanthropist Maurice Greenberg, this program supports the studies of 10 Chinese students from low-income families each year, covering the cost of their full tuition at Yunnan University. _START_SECTION_ USCET-TFAS Fellowships _START_PARAGRAPH_ USCET sponsors the participation of several Chinese university students at summer institutes organized each year by The Fund for American Studies (TFAS) at Georgetown University. Summer institutes cover a variety of topics including political journalism, philanthropy and voluntary service, business and government affairs, and comparative political and economic systems. _START_SECTION_ Law programs _START_PARAGRAPH_ USCET is the programs arm of the FY Chang Foundation, a fund endowed by Ambassador Julia Chang Bloch and her husband Stuart Marshall Bloch at Harvard Law School in 1988. The foundation was established in memory of Bloch's father, Chang Fuyun, the first Chinese national to graduate from Harvard Law School, and offers scholarships to Chinese students to study at Harvard Law. In addition, the fund sponsors an annual FY Chang Lecture, which brings together eminent legal scholars and jurists from China, the US, Hong Kong and Taiwan to speak at the Peking University Law School. The 2010 FY Chang Lecture was given by former US Trade Representative Charlene Barshefsky. _START_SECTION_ History _START_PARAGRAPH_ Ambassador Bloch first laid initial groundwork for the US-China Education Trust while serving as a Visiting Professor at the Institute for International Relations at Peking University during the 1998-1999 academic year. That year she lectured on American politics and US-China relations at the university and organized an international conference on the Asian financial crisis. She established a survey course at the university in American Civilization, a class which remains very popular on the campus today. _NEWLINE_In 2001, USCET launched its first official project, a Congressional Studies program held at Fudan University's Center for American Studies. The organization formed a longstanding partnership with The Fund for American Studies (TFAS) in 2001, launching its first American Studies Summer Institute for Chinese undergraduate and graduate students at Georgetown University._NEWLINE_In 2004, the organization pioneered the foundation of the American Studies Network (ASN), a network of Chinese universities with American studies programs which currently includes more than 50 members. USCET's inaugural Financial Media Institute opened at Fudan University's School of Journalism in 2006. Directed by Terry Smith of PBS and Al Kamen of The Washington Post, the program brought together 22 journalism students from across China to complete an intensive certificate program. 2006 also saw USCET cooperating with the U.S. Department of Labor in delivering its first legislative training program with the People's Congresses of Shanghai and Chongqing on Mine Safety. The program, designed to help China develop and implement laws to prevent mine accidents and deaths, addressed a high priority area of Chinese policymaking. Subsequent FMI's have been held alternately at Fudan University and Hong Kong Baptist University. _NEWLINE_The success of the Financial Media Institute led USCET to expand its activities within media education. In 2008 the organization successfully co-sponsored a Symposium on Global Journalism Education Reform with UNESCO at Tsinghua University. This predated the formal launch of the Media Education Consortium in 2009. In its two years of operation the MEC has become a vehicle to expose Chinese media educators to Western journalism philosophy and practices and improve the quality of training to China's next-generation broadcasters and journalists. MEC activities now include an annual conference, short-term academic workshops for Chinese graduate students, and a Journalist-In-Residence Program._NEWLINE_In 2010, USCET became the first organization to launch a program under President Barack Obama's 100,000 Strong Initiative to increase American academic exchange with China. The program, called the USCET Student Leader Exchange Program, will offer competitive travel grants to sponsor universities who demonstrate considerable effort to expand the number of undergraduates they send to study abroad in China. USCET first unveiled the program in a joint announcement at USCET's 7th American Studies Network (ASN) conference with Carola McGiffert, US State Department Senior Advisor to the Assistant Secretary of State for East Asia and the Pacific. _START_SECTION_ Additional activities _START_PARAGRAPH_ Resources: USCET's website includes a comprehensive database of online resources related to American Studies, US-China relations, and academic exchange institutions between the US and China. A 2010 article by Terry Lautz in The Chronicle of Higher Education applauded this database as a good model for expanding American academic presence in China._NEWLINE_Awards programs: In 2010 USCET held the first annual Congressional Visionary Award, presented to honor "courage, foresight, and pioneering leadership in advancing US-China relations." The first annual awards luncheon honored Senator Dianne Feinstein who, as the mayor of San Francisco, launched the first ever "sister cities" relationship between an American city and a Chinese city, with the city of Shanghai. At the organization's 20th anniversary gala in 2009, it honored former Treasury Secretary Hank Paulson with an Executive Leadership Award. _START_SECTION_ Founder _START_PARAGRAPH_ USCET was founded in 1998 by Julia Chang Bloch, the first Asian American to ever achieve the rank of ambassador. Bloch served as ambassador to Nepal from 1989-1993. Bloch's father, Chang Fuyun, was the first Chinese graduate of Harvard Law School. Bloch was born in Shandong, China and immigrated to San Francisco at age 9 with her parents in 1951. She holds a bachelor's degree in Communications and Public Policy from the University of California, Berkeley and a master's degree in Government and East Asia Regional Studies from Harvard University. Prior to founding USCET, Bloch spent 25 years in government service, holding various positions at the United States Agency for International Development, the US Information Agency, and the US Senate. She also spent five years in the private sector, serving various positions for Bank of America. She is married to retired lawyer and real estate specialist Stuart Marshall Bloch.

15729070214858397292

Q7867525

_START_ARTICLE_ USS Avocet (AMCU-16) _START_SECTION_ Operational history _START_PARAGRAPH_ Avocet was laid down as LCI(L)-653 on 14 June 1944 at Barber, New Jersey, by the New Jersey Shipbuilding Corp.; launched on 14 July 1944; and commissioned on 21 July 1944. _START_SECTION_ World War II Pacific operations _START_PARAGRAPH_ Assigned to the Pacific during the last year of World War II, LCI(L)-653 served in the Philippines in the spring of 1945. She participated in the occupation of many of the smaller islands around Mindanao and of those that comprise the Sulu Archipelago. _START_SECTION_ Post-War operations _START_PARAGRAPH_ After the war, the ship returned to the United States and was placed out of commission, in reserve, on 6 June 1946. On 7 March 1952, LCI(L)-653 was reclassified as a minehunter and was named Avocet (AMCU-16). Her conversion began on 1 July 1953 at the Puget Sound Naval Shipyard, and she was recommissioned there on 9 December 1953, Lt. James E. McMullen in command. _START_SECTION_ Minesweeping operations _START_PARAGRAPH_ However, her return to active duty proved brief. For less than 15 months, Avocet operated out of San Diego conducting experiments for the Naval Electronics Laboratory. She also served as a sonar training ship and participated in mine hunting exercises. On 23 February 1955, she arrived in San Francisco where she began preparations for inactivation. While undergoing inactivation overhaul, she was reclassified as a coastal mine-hunter with the designation MHC-16. Avocet was towed to Stockton, California, on 5 May 1955 and was decommissioned there on 20 May 1955. Her disposal was approved on 21 December 1959, and her name was struck from the Navy list on 1 January 1960. _START_SECTION_ Awards _START_PARAGRAPH_ Avocet earned one battle star during World War II as LCI(L)-653.

7624152881744214021

Q7867632

_START_ARTICLE_ USS Beale (DD-471) _START_SECTION_ 1943 _START_PARAGRAPH_ Early in January 1943, Beale began shakedown training off the coast of New England. Later that month, she continued that training in the West Indies near Guantanamo Bay, Cuba. In mid-February, the destroyer returned north to New York for a month of post-shakedown repairs. She returned to sea on 15 March and headed back to the West Indies where she served as antisubmarine escort and plane guard for the recently commissioned aircraft carrier Essex during her shakedown training near Trinidad. Beale completed another repair period at the New York Navy Yard between 10 and 21 March and then embarked upon the long voyage to the Pacific Ocean. Steaming by way of Norfolk, Virginia, she arrived at Cristóbal in the Panama Canal Zone on 22 April and transited the canal on the 28th._NEWLINE_The warship paused briefly at Balboa at the Pacific terminus of the canal before heading north toward the California coast that same day. She made an overnight stop at San Diego on 5 and 6 May before arriving in San Francisco on the 7th. Five days later, Beale put to sea on her way to the Hawaiian Islands. She entered Pearl Harbor on 22 May and spent the next six weeks conducting antisubmarine warfare (ASW) and gunnery training in the local operating area. On 6 July, the destroyer departed Oahu on her way back to California. She arrived in San Diego on the 11th and remained there until the 19th when she put to sea to participate in amphibious exercises carried out near Monterey on the 21st. The following day, Beale steamed into San Francisco._NEWLINE_After a week's stay, she passed out of the Golden Gate again on 29 July and charted a course to the Aleutian Islands. On 5 August, the destroyer entered Kuluk Bay at Adak. Her tour of duty with the North Pacific Force lasted almost four months, but the only enemy she encountered was the foul climate. In mid-August, Beale's guns joined in the bombardment preparatory to the amphibious assault on Kiska. When the troops landed, however, they discovered that the effort had been in vain. The Japanese had abandoned the island almost three weeks previously. For the remainder of her assignment in the Aleutians, the warship continued to struggle against the elements while carrying out patrol and escort missions. At the end of November, the destroyer departed Dutch Harbor and shaped a course south to Hawaii. She stood into Pearl Harbor about a week later but stayed only three days. When Beale resumed her voyage, she steered a course via Funafuti in the Ellice Islands and Espiritu Santo in the New Hebrides to Milne Bay, New Guinea. She reached her destination on 18 December. Beale spent the next seven months supporting General Douglas MacArthur's conquest of the northern coast of New Guinea and consequent isolation of the large Japanese bases in the Bismarck Archipelago at Rabaul on New Britain and Kavieng on New Ireland._NEWLINE_She wasted little time before getting into action. Just six days after her arrival, the destroyer was underway in company with an invasion force bound for Cape Gloucester on the western end of New Britain to secure the eastern flank of the vital Dampier Strait and Vitiaz Straits between that island and New Guinea. Her echelon, made up of seven tank landing ships (LSTs) escorted by three destroyers in addition to Beale, arrived off the objective early on the 26th, and the LSTs beached during the afternoon watch._NEWLINE_At around 14:30, a large formation of enemy planes attacked the Allied force off Cape Gloucester. Beale escaped damage, and her gunners claimed a kill on an Aichi D3A-1 "Val" dive bomber. Her good luck, however, eluded several of her colleagues. Brownson suffered direct hits from two bombs that touched off a huge explosion, and she sank in less than 20 minutes with a loss of 108 crewmembers. Shaw, a battle-scarred veteran of Pearl Harbor, received new wounds when a hail of fragments from several near misses riddled her hull and superstructure and injured over 30 of her crew, four of them fatally. Near misses also caused damage and a few casualties on board Mugford. Later that same day while escorting LST-466 in the vicinity of Borgen Bay, Beale encountered a Mitsubishi G4M "Betty" twin engine medium bomber pursued by three Republic P-47 "Thunderbolt" fighters. Her gunners joined the fracas, and the "Betty" soon went into the sea about 2,000 yards (1,800 m) distant on her port bow. _START_SECTION_ 1944 _START_PARAGRAPH_ After that action, the destroyer retired to the vicinity of Buna Roads and Cape Sudest, on the eastern coast of New Guinea south of the Dampier and Vitiaz Straits, in which neighborhood she remained until the beginning of 1944. On New Year's Day 1944, Beale departed Buna and rendezvoused with an assault force composed of nine high speed transports (APDs), two tank landing ships (LSTs), and several large landing craft (LCIs) with the 126th Regimental Combat Team (RCT) of the U.S. Army's 32d Infantry Division embarked. Seven other destroyers joined Beale in the escort. The force steamed northwest through Vitiaz Strait to Saidor, New Guinea, where the soldiers streamed ashore unopposed on the morning of 2 January to secure the left flank of the straits through which General MacArthur's forces would pass constantly during their leapfrog up the back of the New Guinea hen. Beale and her compatriots in the screen contented themselves with antiair and antisubmarine patrols during the landings._NEWLINE_For the next month, the warship divided her time between support for the Saidor operation and general patrol and escort missions along the New Guinea coast from Milne Bay to Saidor. On 5 February, Beale stood out of Milne Bay and set course for Sydney, Australia, where she carried out repairs from 9 to 23 February. Returning to Milne Bay on 27 February, she reported for duty with Task Force 74 (TF 74), a mixed force made up of American and Australian cruisers screened by American destroyers and commanded by Rear Admiral Victor A. C. Crutchley, VC, RN._NEWLINE_With both sides of the straits between New Guinea and New Britain free of Japanese interference, General MacArthur looked north to the Admiralty Islands whose capture would further shield his right flank during the advance and provide an alternative base to heavily defended Rabaul. Accordingly, on 27 February, Beale and her colleagues in TF 74 stood out to sea from Cape Sudest, New Guinea, just ahead of a task force composed of fast transports (APDs) and destroyers with elements of the Army's 1st Cavalry Division embarked. The troops were to serve either as the initial invasion force if resistance in the Admiralties was sufficiently light or as a reconnaissance in force to be withdrawn if opposition proved too heavy._NEWLINE_Arriving off Los Negros Island about two hours into the morning watch of 29 February, Beale accompanied Nashville and Bache to a station north of Seeadler Harbor off Ndrilo Island to provide gunfire support for the landing force. At 07:40, she and her consorts opened fire on the island and continued to pound suspected enemy positions for about 15 minutes. The landing force's initial successes obviated the need for a second drubbing of the targets scheduled for the beginning of the forenoon watch. With all apparently going well ashore, the warship cleared the area in company with the rest of the task force, less two destroyers that remained behind to provide call fire, and steamed back to Cape Sudest._NEWLINE_On 4 March, she returned to the vicinity of the Admiralties with TF 74. After bombarding an enemy gun emplacement on Hauwei Island, her task force took up a patrol station about 30 miles (55 km) to the north of Manus. Beale remained on station with TF 74 for three days guarding the approaches to the Admiralty Islands while the troops ashore consolidated their hold on Los Negros Island and moved over to Manus. On the 7th, she made a visit to Hyane Harbor on Los Negros with Rear Admiral Russell S. Berkey embarked and then bombarded an enemy position on Moakareng Peninsula before rejoining the task force for the voyage back to Cape Sudest._NEWLINE_Following a week of gunnery drills and tactical exercises, Beale joined Ammen, Daly, Hutchins, and Mullany in an anti-shipping sweep along the northern coast of New Guinea that was highlighted by a bombardment of Japanese installations at Wewak on 19 March. She patrolled off Oro Bay, New Guinea, on the 20th before carrying out repairs there between 21 and 27 March. The destroyer conducted antisubmarine warfare (ASW) exercises and more gunnery drills during the period 29 March to 8 April and then began another availability on 9 April at Milne Bay, New Guinea, that occupied her until the middle of the month._NEWLINE_Beale's return to combat came in mid-April during the three-pronged occupation of a portion of New Guinea's northern coast bounded by Tanamerah Bay in the west and Aitape in the east. The destroyer was assigned to Rear Admiral Russell S. Berkey's TF 75, built around light cruisers Phoenix, Nashville, and Boise and designated Covering Force "B" for the Hollandia mission. Her unit parted company with the main force about midnight on 21 April and reached its objective, Humboldt Bay, at about 05:00 on the 22d. At around 06:00 Beale and her consorts commenced a 15-minute preliminary bombardment. Those efforts, as well as the contributions added by TF 58 aircraft, prompted most of the supposed defenders to abandon their assignment and head for safer surroundings. As a consequence of the enemy's headlong flight, the assault troops enjoyed a landing that in amphibious circles might be regarded as a walkover, and Japanese resistance never really materialized._NEWLINE_With the landing's success assured, Beale cleared the area with Task Group 77.2 (TG 77.2) and arrived in Seeadler Harbor, Manus, the next day. After taking on fuel and provisions, the destroyer returned to sea on 26 April bound for the northern coast of New Guinea to resume support for the occupation of the region around Hollandia. She took up patrol station off Humboldt Bay on the morning of 27 April and, for the next several days, alternated between patrol duty, shore bombardment missions, and screening assignments with the aircraft carriers also supporting the troops ashore._NEWLINE_Early in May, the warship returned to Seeadler Harbor to prepare for the next hop in the leapfrog up the back of the New Guinea hen. Before embarking on that phase of the huge island's conquest, however, she joined Abner Read and Bache to conduct a subsidiary mission in the vicinity of the bypassed Japanese base at Wewak where enemy shore batteries were hampering the work of Aitape-based PT boats. On 9 May, the three destroyers departed Manus for Aitape where, on the 11th, they embarked four PT boat officers to help them locate the targets. Beale and her colleagues carried out their bombardment on the 12th, returned the impromptu spotters to Aitape, and headed back to Manus._NEWLINE_Beale reentered Seeadler Harbor in time to complete preparations for the Wakde-Sarmi step of the climb up the New Guinea ladder and sortie with the covering forces on 15 May. The destroyer and her colleagues took station off the objectives early on the morning of the 17th. After participating in the preinvasion bombardment, she and Hutchins conducted a fruitless search for enemy barges reported to be in the vicinity of Sarmi. At the conclusion of that mission, Beale shaped a course for Humboldt Bay, where she arrived on the 18th. She returned to the Wakde-Sarmi area on 21 May and patrolled to the north and west with TF 75 while the troops ashore consolidated their beachhead and prepared to move inland against a much more resolute defense than had been encountered at Hollandia. The fact that the defense was confined entirely to enemy ground forces allowed the Army to proceed on its own once the beachhead was fully secured and to release most of its naval support to participate in the next amphibious operation on the New Guinea timetable, the seizure of Biak, one of the Schouten Islands located just to the east of the peninsula that constitutes the head of the New Guinea bird._NEWLINE_Accordingly, Beale left the Wakde-Sarmi area and arrived back in Humboldt Bay on 24 May to join the Biak assault force. The following day, she returned to sea with that force to carry out the mission. Arriving off Biak on the 27th, the destroyer provided antisubmarine protection for the cruisers during their prelanding bombardment. After the landing, she moved in to bring her own guns to bear on enemy positions to assist the troops' movement inland. Beale patrolled off Biak until the end of May guarding the assembled warships against the submarine threat and supplying occasional gunfire support._NEWLINE_After the invasion, the Japanese reversed their decision to leave Biak to its own devices and launched Operation "Kon" to reinforce the island's garrison. Beale returned to Humboldt Bay with TF 75 on 31 May to fuel and provision in preparation for the expected onslaught. On 7 June, the destroyer sortied from Humboldt Bay with TF 75 and shaped a course back to Biak. The cruiser-destroyer force took up station to the northeast of the island early in the evening of the 8th. An American patrol plane spotted the Japanese surface force attempting to bring reinforcements to Biak at about 22:00, and Beale's force picked it up on radar about 80 minutes later. Not long thereafter, the enemy made visual contact on the Allied surface force, let go the barges they were towing to Biak, and launched torpedoes before retiring at high speed._NEWLINE_The Allied lead destroyers, Beale among them, charged toward the retreating enemy at flank speed and began firing at extreme range in the hope of closing the distance by forcing the Japanese to maneuver to avoid their salvoes. The enemy destroyers returned the fire and even launched another torpedo attack. The only damage – other than fragments from near misses – sustained by either side in the running duel, however, came at about 02:10 on the 9th when Shiratsuyu suffered a direct hit from one of the salvoes from Destroyer Division 47 (DesDiv 47). The enemy destroyer slowed briefly but picked up speed again soon thereafter. About 15 minutes later just before 02:30, the Allied force broke off the stern chase in compliance with orders issued to protect its ships from attack by friendly aircraft. Task Force 75 rendezvoused with TF 74 later that morning, and then Beale headed for Manus in the Admiralty Islands, where she spent the period 10 to 28 June carrying out maintenance work and conducting combat training._NEWLINE_On 29 June, the destroyer stood out of Seeadler Harbor on her way to participate in the last two major amphibious operations of the New Guinea campaign. Before invading the Vogelkop peninsula proper on its northwestern coast at Cape Sansapor, General MacArthur concluded that his forces needed airfields farther west than those the Allies already possessed, and the island of Noemfoor, though relatively well defended, met his requirements perfectly. Beale and her colleagues in the cruiser-destroyer force arrived off the invasion beaches at Kamiri on Noemfoor's northwestern coast early on the morning of 2 July, and they pummelled the objective with a preliminary bombardment that pounded the defenders into what historian Samuel Eliot Morison described as "...that desirable state known to pugilists as 'punch drunk'." That happy result allowed the assault troops to storm ashore and capture all their initial objectives against a resistance that scarcely deserved the name. It also obviated the immediate need for Beale and her consorts to provide gunfire support for the troops' initial movement inland from the beaches. Accordingly, she headed for Humboldt Bay that same day and arrived there on the 3d._NEWLINE_After maintenance and overhaul work at Hollandia and Manus she returned to the northern coast of New Guinea in mid-July to help defend the eastern flank of the Allied enclave at Hollandia against pressure from the bypassed enemy garrison at Wewak. Her part in that endeavor consisted of patrols along the coast to interdict Japanese barge and truck traffic carrying reinforcements and supplies to their forces trying to breach the Aitape roadblock and contest Allied possession of the Hollandia region. Training exercises and further patrols along New Guinea's northern coast occupied Beale's time until the end of the month when she helped cover the unopposed landing at Cape Sansapor on the Vogelkop peninsula, the last rung on the New Guinea ladder._NEWLINE_At the beginning of August, she left New Guinea for a voyage to Australia and spent the period, 11 to 25 August, receiving major maintenance work at Sydney. Revitalized, the destroyer returned to the northern shores of New Guinea at the end of the month to resume patrols along stretches of the coast still held by isolated enemy forces and to prepare for the Allies' next move on the southwestern Pacific chessboard, the jump from the head of the New Guinea bird into the Molucca Islands at Morotai. Beale departed Humboldt Bay on 13 September and headed for the point near the Vogelkop where the warships covering the seizure came together for the approach. Reunited there with many of her colleagues from the long series of operations from the Bismarcks to the Vogelkop, the destroyer set off with them on the latest quest. The force arrived off Cape Gila on the southwestern coast of Morotai early on the morning of D-Day, 15 September, and the cruiser-destroyer force to which Beale belonged parted company with the main group to cross the strait between Morotai and Halmahera to bombard a Japanese strongpoint reported to be located at Galela. After pounding the target for more than an hour without reply, the destroyer accompanied her consorts back across the strait to provide gunfire support for the landing itself. Her guns, however, remained silent because an absent enemy allowed the assault troops to occupy the objective unmolested. Since her gunfire support proved unnecessary, Beale retired from Morotai and rendezvoused with TG 77.1 near Mios Woendi on the 16th._NEWLINE_For almost a month, she occupied her time with training exercises in the vicinity of the Admiralty Islands, evolutions punctuated by repair periods in Seeadler Harbor at Manus. By 12 October, the destroyer was back at Humboldt Bay readying herself for the invasion of the Philippines at Leyte. On the 13th, Beale's Close Covering Group, TG 77.3, stood out of the bay in company with the Northern LST Group whose landings on Leyte near Tacloban at the head of San Pedro Bay it was to support. The warship and her colleagues escorted the Northern Attack Force into Leyte Gulf during the night of 19–20 October, and together they made their way toward the northwestern corner of the gulf. While the amphibious forces approached their stations and took up their positions, the battleships of the Fire Support Unit, North, subjected the target area to a withering barrage. At the conclusion of that overture, Beale and her compatriots in TG 77.3 moved in to play their supporting roles in the opening act of the performance. Her cruiser-destroyer force opened fire at about 09:00, and, about 30 minutes later when the assault craft started their runs toward shore, Beale and her mates shifted their attention inland._NEWLINE_The destroyer remained "on call" in San Pedro Bay for four days to provide gunfire support for the troops ashore whenever they requested it. During that space of time, she fought to repel frequent enemy air raids. Those attacks exacted a toll from Beale's neighbors. On the 20th, a torpedo bomber scored a hit on Honolulu that forced her return to the United States for repairs which occupied her for the remainder of the war. The next day, she fired upon a suicide plane but failed to prevent him from crashing HMAS Australia. On the 22d, another kamikaze crossed her sights, but again her efforts to thwart him succeeded only partially. Though diverted from Beale, he struck LCI-105 in nearby waters._NEWLINE_At that point, danger loomed from a different quarter. By midday on the 23d, vague fears of a surface threat to the amphibious units assembled in Leyte Gulf began to take more tangible form as contact reports from submarines and aircraft confirmed the approach of at least three separate Japanese naval forces. The following afternoon, Vice Admiral Thomas C. Kinkaid organized his warships in the gulf to bar entry to the enemy. Beale's unit headed south to await the forces of Vice Admiral Shoji Nishimura and Vice Admiral Kiyohide Shima in Surigao Strait, the passage between Leyte and Dinagat Islands. Posted on the right flank forward of the battle line, she participated in the second torpedo attack by destroyers on Nishimura's advancing warships just before 03:30 in the morning of 25 October. Though her own torpedoes failed to score on the enemy, several of those from her colleagues achieved their purpose. One hit battleship Yamashiro and slowed her briefly while another delivered the coup de grâce to destroyer Michishio, damaged almost an hour earlier by DesRon 54 in the first destroyer torpedo attack._NEWLINE_Beale and her consorts then retired to give the cruisers and battleships a clear field of fire. Once the left flank destroyers executed the third torpedo attack and cleared the area, the battle line and the cruisers completed the destruction so ably initiated by the destroyers. Of Nishimura's two battleships, one heavy cruiser, and four destroyers, only the cruiser and a destroyer, both heavily damaged, escaped that encounter. The cruiser, Mogami, did not last long for the Japanese sank her later in the day after she suffered further pounding from both surface gunfire and aerial attacks._NEWLINE_Vice Admiral Shima's foray into Surigao Strait was a very desultory affair, and Beale and her colleagues, having already yielded the field to the heavy units after launching torpedoes at Nishimura's approach, never came in contact with the enemy's second, halfhearted attempt to force the strait. Upon confirming to his own satisfaction that Nishimura's force was effectively destroyed, Shima displayed surprising prudence for a Japanese commander by retreating with his own vastly inferior force._NEWLINE_The magnitude of the American victory increased as word of the successes won in the actions fought farther north off Samar and off Cape Engaño filtered into the gulf during the few days that Beale remained there guarding the amphibious force against submarine and air attack. On 29 October, the destroyer embarked upon a voyage that soon brought even more joy to her crewmen when they learned that their destination was the United States. Steaming by way of Ulithi Atoll and Pearl Harbor, she ended her transpacific journey at Seattle, Washington, on 27 November. From there, the warship headed south to San Francisco, where she began an extended repair period. She completed those repairs on 17 January 1945 and departed San Francisco the next day, bound for San Diego and two weeks of post-overhaul refresher training. On the last of day January, Beale stood out of San Diego on her way to rejoin the Pacific Fleet in prosecuting the final stages of the war against Japan. _START_SECTION_ 1945 _START_PARAGRAPH_ Beale arrived in Hawaii on 8 February and, the following day, commenced gunnery and antisubmarine warfare training in the local operating area. She remained so engaged for nearly a month and, as a consequence, missed out on the assault on Iwo Jima carried out on 19 February; but she put to sea for the western Pacific in plenty of time to be on hand for the invasion of Okinawa. The destroyer sailed from Pearl Harbor on 5 March and, after a voyage that took her back via Ulithi Atoll, arrived at Leyte once again on St. Patrick's Day 1945 to be incorporated into the fleet gathering there for the assault on the Ryukyu Islands._NEWLINE_After 10 days of preparations, she stood out of Leyte Gulf on 27 March in the screen of a fast echelon of TF 55, the Southern Attack Force, and set a course for Okinawa. Beale and her companions caught up with the slower echelons of the task force along the way, and together they arrived off the objective early in the morning of 1 April — Easter Sunday, April Fool's Day, and L-Day for Okinawa all rolled into one. Later that morning, 5th Fleet staged its own version of an Easter parade when the vast amphibious force there assembled landed soldiers of the XXIV Army Corps and Marines of the III Amphibious Corps on the island's western coast at beaches to either side of the mouth of the Bisha River. At that point, the destroyers in the screen received other assignments, and Beale joined TF 54, the Gunfire and Covering Force, to serve as a seaborne artillery battery for the Army and Marine Corps while they consolidated their beachheads and started their advance inland._NEWLINE_Both the troops ashore and their brethren supporting them in the warships afloat marveled at the enemy's feeble responses to the initial assault. The relative ease of that first thrust, however, only masked the gathering storm; and the calm lasted but a few days. On shore, the soldiers began to run into stiffer opposition as the first week drew to a close; and, by the opening of the second week, so had the marines. The land campaign became a ponderous slugfest that dragged on until early July. At sea, the "Divine Wind" blew on the fleet surrounding Okinawa for the first time on 6 and 7 April. During that first of eight major aerial assaults that the Japanese launched upon the ships at Okinawa, Beale's guns contributed to the antiaircraft barrage with which those ships tried to defend themselves. In spite of that collective effort, some of the intruders succeeded in their missions._NEWLINE_In one such instance on the afternoon of the 6th, her sister ship Newcomb suffered crashes by four kamikazes in the space of an hour while on station some 10 miles (18 km) north of Zampa Misaki. Another sister, nearby Leutze, went to Newcomb's aid immediately while more distant Beale rushed to offer her help as well. When the fourth suicide plane to hit Newcomb slid across to Leutze's fantail before exploding, the damage he caused forced her to pull away from Newcomb's side and leave Beale to succor Newcomb alone. As a result of the prompt assistance Beale and Leutze rendered, Newcomb's crew quelled the raging inferno on board their ship within half an hour, and busy Tekesta towed her into the anchorage at Kerama Retto the following day._NEWLINE_After seeing Newcomb and Tekesta safely into Kerama Retto, Beale resumed duty with TF 54 providing gunfire support for the troops on Okinawa. Though call fire remained one of the warship's primary missions during her 12 weeks of service in the Ryūkyūs, the frequency and intensity of the Japanese aerial counterstrokes diverted her attention incessantly from that assignment to air defense. Antiair warfare also intruded upon her other major role at Okinawa, service in the ubiquitous antisubmarine screen. In providing protection from both submarines and aircraft, Beale divided her time between the gunfire support units and the ships that retired each night to safer waters some distance from the shores of Okinawa._NEWLINE_The desperate, aerial tactics that the Japanese relied upon as their response to the Okinawa invasion, however, made antiair warfare the predominate form of combat carried out by Navy units in the campaign. Beale, therefore, continued to cross swords with enemy aviators throughout her participation in the island's subjugation. On 16 April, while she screened the fire support ships of TG 51.5 near Ie Shima, three enemy planes attempted attacks on Beale. Her gunfire damaged the first intruder – misidentified as a German Focke-Wulf Fw 190 — when he tried a suicide dive, and he splashed into the sea well clear of the ship. Almost immediately, though, two "Val" dive bombers pushed over into conventional bombing attacks, coming in on Beale's starboard side abeam. Her guns opened up on them at a distance of about 8,000 yards (7,300 m) and continued to fire until a Marine Corps F4U "Corsair" flew into her field of fire in his attempt to intercept the two "Vals." The destroyer ceased fire quickly, but all three planes, the two enemies and one friend, splashed into the ocean at some distance from Beale. Fortunately, the "Corsair" pilot managed to bail out, and a destroyer escort rescued him._NEWLINE_During the month of May, the warship experienced two more close calls with Japan's airborne fanatics. After dark on the 4th, a single engine plane, unrecognizable in the darkness, tried to crash Beale; but again her gunners rose to the challenge and sent the interloper tumbling into the sea a scant 100 yards (91 m) away on the port beam. On 28 May, another "Val" sought to make Beale his funeral pyre; but he, too, succumbed to her antiaircraft barrage and fell into the sea close aboard._NEWLINE_By the beginning of June, enemy resistance at Okinawa was on the ebb, both in the air and on the ground. Few planes penetrated the cordon of radar pickets stationed around the island with any regularity or frequency, and the land defense found itself bottled up in several relatively isolated pockets. On 3 June, Beale helped to eradicate of one of those pockets when she supported the landings on Iheya Retto, one of Okinawa's satellite island groups located about 11 miles (20 km) north of the Motobu Peninsula. Organized resistance in the Ryūkyūs ended at the start of the last week in June, and the campaign for Okinawa closed officially on 2 July._NEWLINE_In the meantime on 24 June, Beale shaped a course for Leyte in the Philippines, where she conducted some minor repairs and took on supplies. The destroyer returned to Okinawa on 16 July and joined TF 95, the unit with which she spent the next three weeks of carrying out antishipping sweeps along the China coast, in the Yellow Sea, and in the Sea of Japan. She returned to Okinawa on 8 August, and the war ended during the four weeks that she remained there. Japan agreed to capitulate on 15 August, and her representatives signed the surrender document on 2 September. Beale departed Buckner Bay on 6 September and laid in a course for Japan. She arrived in Nagasaki on the 15th and began duty in support of the Allied occupation. During the next two months, she visited several Japanese ports while engaged in courier duty, demilitarization inspections, and escort missions._NEWLINE_On 15 November, the destroyer stood out of Sasebo for the voyage back to the United States. Beale steamed by way of Pearl Harbor and arrived in San Diego on 6 December. Four days later, she returned to sea bound for the East Coast. The warship transited the Panama Canal on the 18th and entered port at Charleston, South Carolina, two days before Christmas 1945. Following a three-month inactivation overhaul, Beale was decommissioned at the Charleston Navy Yard on 11 April 1946. She remained in reserve for almost six years. _START_SECTION_ 1951 – 1962 _START_PARAGRAPH_ While still part of the inactive fleet, the warship was moved to the Boston Naval Shipyard for conversion to an escort destroyer. Redesignated an escort destroyer, DDE-471, Beale was recommissioned at Boston on 1 November 1951, CDR Frank H. Price, Jr., in command. She remained at Boston finishing her conversion until the second week of 1952. On 8 January, she embarked upon her shakedown cruise which, after a short visit to Norfolk, Virginia, she conducted in the West Indies. After post-shakedown availability at Boston between late March and early May, she reported for duty with the Atlantic Fleet at Norfolk on 5 May. Near the end of the month, the destroyer headed for the Gulf of Mexico where she spent the month of June operating as planeguard for Cabot during training operations out of Pensacola, Florida She returned to Norfolk on Independence Day 1952 and resumed normal operations from that port. Training duty in the Virginia Capes operating area and upkeep at Norfolk occupied her time for the remainder of 1952. Late in January 1953, Beale moved south on her way to the large annual fleet exercise called "Springboard." After preliminary drills with Midway off the Florida coast near Mayport, she continued on to the vicinity of Puerto Rico where the maneuvers were carried out in late February and early March. The warship arrived back in Norfolk on 13 March and stayed there for a little more than a month. On 17 April, she stood out of Chesapeake Bay bound for exercises in the waters around the British Isles, followed by a short cruise in the Mediterranean. During that deployment, she visited Londonderry in Northern Ireland and Plymouth, England, before transiting the Strait of Gibraltar to call at Golfe Juan, France, and Naples, Italy. The destroyer departed Naples on 13 June, plotted a course back to the United States, and reentered Norfolk on the 26th._NEWLINE_She conducted local operations during July and the first part of August and then sailed north to the coast of Nova Scotia where she spent the rest of August serving as planeguard for Valley Forge. Beale arrived back at Norfolk on 4 September and took up the usual routine of local operations and upkeep until the beginning of October. On 2 and 3 October, she made the short voyage to New York where she began a three-month overhaul, her first since rejoining the active fleet. After refresher training off the Cuban coast near Guantanamo Bay early in 1954, the destroyer returned to Norfolk in March to prepare for an assignment overseas. On 11 May, she embarked on a tour of duty in the Mediterranean Sea. Service with the 6th Fleet kept her busy until early that fall when she headed back to the United States. Beale reached Norfolk again on 10 October 1954. The warship spent the rest of the year in port._NEWLINE_In January 1955, she took up East Coast operations once again, ranging from Newport, Rhode Island in the north to Puerto Rico and Key West in the south. Beale remained so engaged until late May when she began six weeks of upkeep at Norfolk. At the end of the first week in July, she departed Norfolk and headed back to Newport whence she conducted exercises with carriers briefly before proceeding to the vicinity of Bermuda where she carried out operations with recently commissioned Nautilus. After assisting in the evaluation of the capabilities of the first nuclear-powered submarine, Beale stood into Norfolk once more on 6 August. A month later, she returned to sea for an abbreviated deployment overseas to participate in two NATO exercises, Operation "Centerboard" and Operation "New Broom IV", both of which were carried out in the Atlantic off Portugal. Leaving Lisbon on 10 October, the destroyer reentered Norfolk on the 23d._NEWLINE_Following an upkeep and repair period that lasted through the end of the year, Beale resumed local operations off the Virginia Capes early in January 1956. In mid-February, the warship headed south to participate in the annual "Springboard" fleet exercise carried out in the waters between Cuba and Puerto Rico. Back in Norfolk on 22 March, she conducted type training and similar evolutions in the immediate vicinity through the end of May. On the 31st, Beale left Hampton Roads bound for the Gulf of Mexico where she engaged in further training missions punctuated by visits to Pensacola, New Orleans, and Galveston. The destroyer departed the latter port on 5 July and headed home, arriving back in Norfolk on the 9th. Regular overhaul at the Norfolk Naval Shipyard occupied her time from the middle of July until early November. On 10 November, Beale put to sea for Guantanamo Bay, Cuba, and a month of post-overhaul refresher training. Back in Norfolk a week before Christmas, she drilled in the local operating area through the first 11 weeks of 1957._NEWLINE_On 18 March, she embarked upon a voyage in the course of which she circumnavigated the African continent. Unable to use the Suez Canal, closed as a result of the hostilities between Israel and Egypt that followed in the wake of Nasser's nationalization of the canal the preceding summer, the warship deployed to the Indian Ocean via the long route around southern Africa. Steaming by way of the Azores, Beale reached the African coast at Freetown, Sierra Leone, on 30 March. She visited Simonstown, Union of South Africa, from 10 to 12 April before rounding Cape Agulhas, Africa's southernmost point, on her way to Mombassa, Kenya. After leaving Mombassa, the destroyer sailed to the Persian Gulf where she called at Qeshm, Iran, and Bahrain. From the Persian Gulf, she headed for the reopened Suez Canal via Massawa, Eritrea (now a province of Ethiopia). Beale transited the canal at the beginning of June and arrived at Piraeus, Greece, on the 4th. Between 5 and 14 June, she crossed the Mediterranean Sea to Spain where she spent the ensuing four weeks making calls at the ports of Valencia, Cartagena, and Barcelona. Following a two-day stop at Gibraltar, she embarked upon the voyage across the Atlantic on 14 July and stood into Norfolk again on 26 July._NEWLINE_Beale's homecoming lasted less than six weeks, however, for she put to sea again on 3 September bound for the British Isles. She arrived in Plymouth, England, on the 14th and spent the rest of the month engaged in NATO Exercise "Stand Firm." At the conclusion of the exercise, the destroyer paid a 10-day visit to Cherbourg. On 10 October, she left the French port to return to the United States. Beale entered Chesapeake Bay once more on 22 October and resumed normal operations along the East Coast._NEWLINE_Near the end of March 1958, Beale received word of the cancellation of her scheduled deployment to the Mediterranean in favor of an assignment with Task Group Alfa, an experimental group formed to develop and teach new and advanced antisubmarine defense techniques and procedures. For more than five years, her work with the ASW developmental group kept her tied fairly closely to the East Coast and precluded any tours of duty farther away from the United States than the West Indies. _START_SECTION_ 1962 – 1968 _START_PARAGRAPH_ That extended assignment did not prevent her from participating in internationally significant events, however, for, after Fidel Castro's insurgents succeeded in overthrowing the dictatorship of Fulgencio Batista in Cuba in 1959, ships of the Navy performed almost constant patrols off that troubled island. Beale carried out her first such mission between 13 and 26 April 1961, and her second tour of duty in Cuban waters lasted from the end of June until mid-August 1962. On 30 June 1962, she resumed her former destroyer classification and the designation, DD-471. Later that year, after reconnaissance flights over the island revealed the presence of offensive nuclear missiles, President John F. Kennedy declared a "quarantine" of Cuba to prevent the importation of additional missiles and to secure the removal of those already in place. Beale served on the Cuban missile crisis "blockade" from 25 October to 5 November 1962. During these operations, on Saturday, 27 October, the Beale dropped practice depth charges on Soviet submarine B-59 (Foxtrot) class, after which the submarine surfaced, upon which the Beale closed to within 500 yards on a parallel course, illuminating the Soviet vessel with its 24-inch searchlight (deck log excerpts of USS Beale, available at National Security Archives, "National Security Archive Electronic Briefing Book No. 75", Section II, item 13). It was later revealed from Soviet sources that the depth-charging by the Beale had caused the commander of the Soviet submarine, Savitsky, who was unable to establish radio contact with base, to consider firing a 15-kiloton nuclear torpedo, and had asked two other senior officers to vote, with the dissenting vote of Vasili Arkhipov preventing the launch._NEWLINE_After an additional year of service along the East Coast and in the West Indies, Beale completed preparations in November 1963 to embark upon her first major overseas deployment in more than half a decade. On the 29th, she stood out of Norfolk on her way across the Atlantic Ocean. The warship arrived in Pollensa Bay, Majorca, on 11 December and relieved McCaffrey (DD-860) the following afternoon. During her first eight weeks with the 6th Fleet, normal activities such as exercises and port visits occupied her time. Early in February 1964, however, orders sent her to the eastern Mediterranean where she joined a contingency force brought together in response to trouble on the island of Cyprus. Service with the contingency force received her undivided attention until the first week in March. Afterwards, Beale made a six-day liberty call at Istanbul, Turkey, and then returned to sea for further duty in the eastern Mediterranean, an assignment that included NATO exercises in the Ionian Sea. Late in March, she returned to the western portion of the "middle sea", where she spent the remaining six weeks of her deployment. Completing turnover formalities at Pollensa Bay near the end of the second week in May, Beale transited the Strait of Gibraltar on the 14th and shaped a course for Hampton Roads._NEWLINE_Ten days later, she arrived at Norfolk and commenced post-deployment standdown. The destroyer remained in port for over a month, getting underway again early in July for an Independence Day visit to Baltimore, Maryland Following the celebration, she embarked upon the familiar routine of training missions along the East Coast and in the West Indies. That employment took up her time for the remainder of 1964, while a regular overhaul at Norfolk occupied her during the first few months of 1965. After refresher training out of Guantanamo Bay in the summer of 1965, Beale resumed normal operations from Norfolk._NEWLINE_After nearly a year of training duty out of her home port, she departed Norfolk on 1 June 1966 bound for the Far East and her first combat assignment in more than two decades. On the outward voyage, she traveled by way of the Panama Canal, Hawaii, and Guam before arriving at the 7th Fleet's base at Subic Bay in the Philippines near the end of the second week in July. Following a tour of duty as station ship at Hong Kong, Beale entered the combat zone in the waters adjacent to Vietnam on 24 July. The next day, she began service as a gunfire support ship on the "gunline" just off the Vietnamese coast. At the end of two weeks as a floating artillery battery, the warship returned to Subic Bay to replenish and perform maintenance. Late in August, Beale resumed duty on the "gunline." In September and October, she served in the screen of the carrier, Intrepid. Early in November, the destroyer concluded her final tour in the combat zone and began the voyage home. Steaming via the Indian Ocean, the Suez Canal, the Mediterranean Sea, and the Atlantic Ocean, she completed a circumnavigation of the globe when she pulled into Norfolk on 17 December._NEWLINE_The extended standdown period that Beale began upon her return lasted well into 1967. The destroyer did not put to sea again until March, two weeks of which she spent carrying out type training in the Virginia Capes operating area. On 10 April, the warship stood out of Chesapeake Bay for Key West and nearly a month of duty as a school ship for the Fleet Sonar School located there. Back in Norfolk on 8 May, Beale remained relatively inactive until June when she participated in Exercise "New Look", a 36-ship ASW training effort that involved units of four NATO navies. In July, a board of inspection and survey looked her over and mandated a restricted availability, which she carried out at Baltimore, Maryland, in August. She resumed normal operations out of Norfolk in September, and those evolutions occupied her until the middle of October when she started preparations for her final deployment overseas._NEWLINE_On 14 November, the warship passed between Capes Henry and Charles and laid in a course for the Mediterranean Sea. Steaming in company with a quartet of DesRon 32 destroyers that included Beale's sister ship and frequent colleague Bache, she arrived in Pollensa Bay, Majorca, on the 24th. She spent the bulk of her last deployment in the western Mediterranean, sailing east of the Italian "boot" only once when she entered the Adriatc in late January 1968 to call at Split, Yugoslavia. Her activities in the western basin consisted of a mix of exercises – unilateral, bilateral, and multilateral in composition – and visits to a variety of French and Italian ports, as well as one brief call at Malta. After being relieved by Moale at Málaga, Spain, Beale got underway for Norfolk on Easter Sunday 1968. A note of sadness, however, intruded upon the satisfaction usually associated with a homeward bound voyage. Of the four DesRon 32 ships that had accompanied her to the Mediterranean the previous fall, only three joined her in the return trip. A storm at Rhodes early in February had reduced Bache, her frequent comrade over the years, to an unsalvageable wreck. Beale and her depleted complement of traveling companions arrived back in Hampton Roads on 23 April._NEWLINE_Following post-deployment leave and upkeep, Beale commenced her last weeks of operations with the Navy late in May. She steamed north to Newport, Rhode Island, where she served as a training platform for the Destroyer School until the latter part of June. On 25 June, the warship returned to Norfolk and began preparations for another review by a board of inspection and survey. The inspection, carried out at the Norfolk Naval Shipyard early in August, resulted in a recommendation that Beale be retired. She was decommissioned at Norfolk, Virginia on 30 September 1968,_NEWLINE_and her name was struck from the Naval Vessel Register on 1 October 1968. The former warship performed her last service to the Navy on 24 June 1969 when she was sunk as a target about 250 miles (460 km) east of the mouth of Chesapeake Bay. _START_SECTION_ Awards _START_PARAGRAPH_ Beale earned six battle stars for World War II service and one battle star during the Vietnam War.

7013699410797235961

Q7867906

_START_ARTICLE_ USS Buck (DD-420) _START_SECTION_ Early career _START_PARAGRAPH_ Buck was launched on 22 May 1939 by the Philadelphia Navy Yard. It was sponsored by Mrs. Julius C. Townsend, wife of Rear Admiral Townsend, and commissioned on 15 May 1940, with Lieutenant Commander Horace C. Robison in command._NEWLINE_After shakedown training, Buck joined the Atlantic Fleet for a brief period before augmenting the Pacific Fleet from February until June 1941. On 1 July, as part of Task Force (TF) 19, Buck got underway for NS Argentia, Newfoundland, where it joined a convoy carrying US's 1st Provisional Marine Brigade to Reykjavík, Iceland. After landing the Marines there on 7 July, the destroyer began convoy escort duty between Iceland and the United States. _START_SECTION_ Atlantic convoys _START_PARAGRAPH_ With the entry of the United States into World War II Buck continued to serve as a convoy escort, steaming from the seaports of the eastern United States to ports in Newfoundland, Iceland, Northern Ireland, North Africa, and the Caribbean. As a convoy escort warship, Buck screened ships from enemy attack, pursued unidentified surface and underwater contacts and shepherded merchantmen to keep them in formation while underway._NEWLINE_While escorting a convoy during a dense fog off Nova Scotia on 22 August 1942, Buck was struck starboard side by the New Zealand troop-transport Awatea while trying to escort another vessel to her correct position in the convoy. The impact broke Buck's keel and sliced about two-thirds through the fantail. Seven sailors were killed in the collision. As the starboard propeller was wrecked, and the port propeller damaged, the destroyer maintained to steer away with a lot of difficulty as the crew tried to secure the fantail with lines and wires. When the port propeller fell off a few hours later, leaving the destroyer helpless, the fantail was cut loose since wave action was battering and chafing the hull. When the destroyer Ingraham came to assist she was mortally damaged by a collision with oiler Chemung. After rescuing the survivors from Ingraham, the oiler managed to take Buck under tow until relieved by the fleet tug Cherokee. Buck reached Boston on 26 August, where she underwent repairs until November. Upon completion of yard work she returned to Atlantic convoy escort duty that winter, guarding convoys to European waters into June 1943, when she was ordered to the Mediterranean for patrol duty out of Tunisian and Algerian ports. _START_SECTION_ European invasions _START_PARAGRAPH_ Assigned to the Western Naval Task Force on 8 July, Buck performed bombardment, screening, and patrol duties during Operation Husky, the invasion of Sicily (10 July 1943). On 10 July, the destroyer escorted a landing convoy of LCTs to the beach before retiring to escort follow-on convoys to Sicily. On 3 August, while escorting a convoy of six cargo ships from Sicily to Algeria, Buck spotted the Italian submarine Argento making a reconnaissance patrol off the Sicilian coast. The destroyer pursued and forced the submarine to surface after three depth charge attacks. The Italians quickly abandoned ship under the destroyers' heavy gunfire and the submarine sank at 36°52′N 12°8′E, with Buck taking 45 of her crew of 49 as prisoners._NEWLINE_After escorting a convoy back to the United States, the destroyer returned to the Mediterranean in late September 1943 in support of Operation Avalanche, the landings at Salerno, Italy. Following the landings, the destroyer patrolled off the coast to protect the delivery of reinforcements and supplies to southern Italy. While on patrol off Salerno, Italy, on 9 October, Buck was ambushed just after midnight by German submarine U-616 commanded by Siegfried Koitschka and hit forward starboard by at least one and possibly two torpedoes. The warship flooded quickly, settling down forward and sinking within four minutes. Although most of the depth charges were set to safe before the destroyer was abandoned, a severe underwater explosion killed and wounded sailors in the water. Spotted by friendly aircraft the next morning, 97 survivors were rescued by the destroyer Gleaves and the British LCT-170 the following evening. _NEWLINE_Buck received three battle stars for World War II service.

15235456584098445727

Q7869193

_START_ARTICLE_ USS Enterprise vs Flambeau _START_SECTION_ Background _START_PARAGRAPH_ During the Quasi-War American merchant ships often became the target of French privateers who seized them in large quantities. In an effort to stem these depredations against American shipping several United States Navy warships were dispatched to hunt down French privateers. One such vessel was USS Enterprise, an American naval schooner under the command of Lieutenant John Shaw. Enterprise had been sent out to the Caribbean Sea in March 1800 with orders to cruise against French shipping in the region. Enterprise had already previously engaged and defeated several French privateers when on the night of 24 October she sighted the privateer Flambeau off the leeward side of Dominica._NEWLINE_The French letter of marque Flambeau was a brig that was slightly more powerful than Enterprise, having twelve eight-pound cannon as compared to the American schooner's dozen six-pounders. The French privateer also had more crew than the American vessel, 110 opposed to Enterprise's 83. With a broadside of 48 pounds to Enterprise's 36 pounds and with a larger crew, Flambeau had an advantage over Enterprise. Nonetheless, Shaw decided to engage Flambeau. Enterprise could not catch up to Flambeau but when morning came Flambeau found herself becalmed. Her captain then used sweeps to close with Enterprise. _START_SECTION_ Action _START_PARAGRAPH_ Eventually a wind came and the two ships managed to maneuver towards each other until they were within musket range. After engaging with small arms for a while, Lieutenant Shaw eventually veered his schooner away and Flambeau opened up on the Americans with a broadside of roundshot. Enterprise replied with her own broadside and the two vessels engaged each other with cannon for twenty minutes. Flambeau was beginning to receive heavy damage when her captain decided to disengage and maneuvered away from Enterprise. However, Enterprise pursued the French brig and continued to engage her._NEWLINE_Flambeau's foretopmast was in danger of being dismasted from damage it had received from Enterprise, so the French captain sent men aloft to try to repair it. However after a sudden gust of wind the mast flew off the ship carrying six French sailors with it. Enterprise ceased her attacks upon Flambeau and sent out a boat to rescue the French sailors adrift on the topmast. After rescuing the French topmen, Enterprise caught up with the French brig and came alongside. Before the action could continue the French captain struck her colours as Flambeau's medicine chest had been destroyed and the hull compromised multiple times. _START_SECTION_ Aftermath _START_PARAGRAPH_ The entire action lasted about forty minutes. The French were much worse off than the Americans in terms of casualties, with 7 Frenchmen killed and 33 wounded compared to 3 Americans killed and 7 wounded. A prize crew from Enterprise was sent aboard Flambeau and sailed her to Saint Kitts where she was condemned. The proceeds from the sale of Flambeau were adjudicated to the crew of Enterprise._NEWLINE_The capture of Flambeau brought further acclaim to Shaw, who had already defeated several other French privateers and taken them as prizes. Enterprise continued her cruise, next chasing down and capturing Pauline and later Guadaloupeenne. Shortly afterward, chronic illness forced Shaw to transfer command of the vessel to Lieutenant Andrew Sterett. Sterret continued to cruise the Caribbean, taking several more prizes before returning home. Upon Shaw's return home the president and other public officials personally thanked him for his service. Shaw later continued his naval career, serving with distinction during the War of 1812.

14824782296114582663

Q7869832

_START_ARTICLE_ USS Great Western (1857) _START_SECTION_ Purchased for use as an ammunition ship _START_PARAGRAPH_ Great Western, a sidewheel steamer, was built at Cincinnati, Ohio, in 1857 and was purchased by the U.S. War Department 10 February 1862. She was transferred to the Union Navy 30 September 1862, but had been used since her purchase by the Western Flotilla. _START_SECTION_ Supplying Union ships on the Mississippi with ammunition _START_PARAGRAPH_ Great Western was used as an ordnance boat for the Navy on the western waters, and in that capacity operated from Cairo, Illinois, to various points on the Mississippi River and its tributaries. She supplied ships at the mouths of the White and Arkansas Rivers with ammunition and ordnance, and occasionally fired at Confederate batteries ashore in the almost daily engagements in keeping open the far-spreading river highway system by which the Union divided and destroyed the South._NEWLINE_While with the Mortar Flotilla 30 July 1862 she fired on cavalry attacking the boats near the mouth of the Arkansas River and succeeded in driving them off. _START_SECTION_ Supporting Vicksburg campaign operations _START_PARAGRAPH_ During 1862 and the first half of 1863, the overriding concern of Union forces was the capture of Vicksburg, and Great Western spent much of her time during this period near the mouth of the Yazoo River above the city in support of combined operations there. _START_SECTION_ Post-Vicksburg campaign operations _START_PARAGRAPH_ She provided support for the joint attacks of December 1862 above the city, and remained in the area until the Confederate stronghold fell in July 1863. Following the fall of Vicksburg, Great Western continued her duties as supply ship for the squadron, being stationed at Skipwith's Landing, Mississippi, and Goodrich's Landing, Louisiana. In July 1864 she was sent back to Cairo, Illinois, to act as a receiving ship. _START_SECTION_ Post-war decommissioning and sale _START_PARAGRAPH_ Great Western was transferred as receiving ship, Mound City, Illinois, in March 1865, and was subsequently sold at auction there to John Riley 29 November 1865.

12140768717730870811

Q11705752

_START_ARTICLE_ USS Halcyon (SP-518) _START_SECTION_ Construction and characteristics _START_PARAGRAPH_ After receiving an appropriation of US$45,000 from the United States Congress for the construction of a ship for use along the coast of Maine, the U.S. Bureau of Fisheries (BOF) awarded a contract for US$44,217 to the Townsend Marine Railway and Construction Company at Boothbay Harbor, Maine. Designed both to support the fish hatchery at the BOF's Boothbay Harbor station and to conduct oceanographic and fisheries science research, the ship, named USFS Halcyon, was launched on 30 November 1916 and completed and accepted by the BOF on 3 May 1917. She was 108 feet 6 inches (33.1 m) long and of wooden construction, and her main deck had a cabin, a laboratory, accommodations for her officers and embarked scientists, and a mast fitted for dredging. Crew quarters were below decks, as were water tanks and equipment for transporting live fishes. She had a 320 horsepower (240 kW) steam engine, an Almy boiler, and a single screw. _START_SECTION_ U.S. Navy _START_PARAGRAPH_ While Halcyon was under construction, the United States entered World War I on 6 April 1917. As a result, before Halycon could begin her intended fisheries service, the Bureau of Fisheries transferred her to the United States Navy on 14 May 1917 for war service. The Navy commissioned her the same day at Boston, Massachusetts, as USS Halcyon (SP-518), the first U.S. Navy ship of the name. Assigned to the section patrol in the 1st Naval District in northern New England, Halcyon performed harbor patrol duties for the remainder of World War I and in its immediate aftermath. The Navy decommissioned her on 24 June 1919, struck her from the Navy List on 31 July 1919, and transferred her back to the Bureau of Fisheries on 5 August 1919. _START_SECTION_ U.S. Bureau of Fisheries _START_PARAGRAPH_ The Bureau of Fisheries reported that the Navy transferred Halcyon back in good condition, but also that she was not fully complete or equipped at the time of her 1917 transfer to the Navy and that she needed additional work before she was ready for BOF service. This included the removal of a heavy gun platform the Navy had installed on her forward deck, an overhaul of her engine and other machinery, interior alterations, and the installation of bilge keels, electric lighting, and a dredging winch._NEWLINE_Finally ready for fishery service, USFS Halcyon made her first scientific cruise in August 1920; conducted at the request of fishing interests in Massachusetts, the cruise covered 1,000 nautical miles (1,900 km; 1,200 mi) of fishing grounds in the Gulf of Maine and to the south and southwest of the South Shoal Lightship in an unsuccessful attempt to locate schools of mackerel. She then made two oceanographic cruises in the Gulf of Maine under the direction of Dr. Henry B. Bigelow, the first in December 1920–January 1921 and the second in March 1921, steaming a combined total of 1,286 nautical miles (2,382 km; 1,480 mi) between Cape Cod, Massachusetts, and Nova Scotia, Canada. Based at the BOF's Boothbay Harbor station from July to October 1921, she underwent an overhaul in July and August 1921. With it completed, she made a 1,243-nautical-mile (2,302 km; 1,430 mi) cruise between Nantucket, Massachusetts, Browns Bank, and Yarmouth, Nova Scotia, Canada, to collect bottom samples in support of a hydrographic survey of the Gulf of Maine._NEWLINE_In October 1921, Halcyon's home port changed to the BOF station at Woods Hole, Massachusetts. During March and April 1922 she was at Newport, Rhode Island, spending little time at sea but conducting work in support of flatfish studies by the Woods Hole station. She spent June 1922 preparing for a cruise to study currents, and by 30 June 1922 had steamed a total of 3,920 nautical miles (7,260 km; 4,510 mi) over the preceding year. On 30 June 1922 she got underway from Woods Hole and conducted a cruise during which she made observations of currents on lines extending 150 nautical miles (280 km; 170 mi) from Sandy Hook, Connecticut, 150 nautical miles (280 km; 170 mi) from Chatham, Massachusetts, and 25 nautical miles (46 km; 29 mi) from Cape Elizabeth, Maine. During August and September 1922, her crew overhauled the BOF fishery patrol vessel USFS Kittiwake._NEWLINE_In February 1923, Halycon provided valuable service in keeping channels open through ice in the harbors of Gloucester, Manchester-by-the-Sea, and Salem, Massachusetts, and from April through June 1923, she tagged codfish near Nantucket. By 30 June 1923, she had steamed 3,575 nautical miles (6,621 km; 4,114 mi) over the preceding year. _NEWLINE_During fiscal year 1924, which ran from 1 July 1923 to 30 June 1924, Halcyon again tagged codfish during the summer months. She also used drift bottles to study currents on 25-nautical-mile (46 km; 29 mi) lines running offshore from Mount Desert and Cape Elizabeth, Maine, and Cape Ann and Cape Cod, Massachusetts, and conducted two short cruises to observe water temperatures in Massachusetts Bay._NEWLINE_During fiscal year 1925 (1 July 1924–30 June 1925), Halcyon steamed 5,143 nautical miles (9,525 km; 5,918 mi). Although she devoted the winter of 1924–1925 to fish-culture work in support of the BOF fish hatchery at Gloucester, Massachusetts, she spent much of the rest of the fiscal year investigating fisheries in the Gulf of Maine, operating from Nantucket Shoals to Mount Desert, Maine. Most of her work during the fiscal year involved tagging cod, haddock, and pollack to gain data on their migrations, and her crew and embarked scientists tagged 16,000 fish during the fiscal year. However, she also made some temperature observations and collected shore fishes._NEWLINE_Halcyon continued her fishery investigations in the Gulf of Maine during fiscal year 1926 (1 July 1925–30 June 1926), working in concert with the BOF research vessel USFS Gannet and steaming nearly 3,000 nautical miles (5,600 km; 3,500 mi). She interrupted this work in February 1926 to visit Portsmouth Navy Yard in Kittery, Maine, where her crew reconditioned the newly acquired BOF research vessel USFS Albatross II._NEWLINE_Fiscal year 1926 turned out to be Halcyon's last year of active BOF service. By the time Albatross II began operating for the BOF in August 1926, taking up Halcyon's former duties in and around the Gulf of Maine, the BOF had laid up Halcyon. Deeming her to be "well built" but of "peculiar design" and no longer suited to BOF requirements, the BOF condemned and sold her in November 1927.

13351218368260985060

Q7869997

_START_ARTICLE_ USS Hanover (APA-116) _START_SECTION_ Operational history _START_PARAGRAPH_ After conducting a brief shakedown cruise off Galveston, Texas, Hanover arrived Gulfport, Mississippi, 3 May 1945 and began loading Marines and SeaBees for transportation to the Pacific. She got underway 6 May and sailed to Pearl Harbor, carrying out training operations en route. After her arrival 24 May, the ship unloaded her troops for further transfer and until 6 June took part in underway training operations in Hawaiian waters. She then sailed for San Francisco in company with other transports, and just before reaching California was diverted to Portland, Oregon, where she arrived 19 June._NEWLINE_Hanover got underway 1 July for Eniwetok Atoll, an important Pacific staging area, expecting to take part in the final assault on Japan. Arriving 14 July, she sailed in convoy 3 days later, bound for Ulithi. The ship remained at this base briefly, using the rest and recreation at Mogmog island, which is a part of the Ulithi atoll. Troops stayed in bunks that were 6 bunks high. For a few hours a day, a group of troops would exercise on the main deck, then it was back below deck so others could exercise._NEWLINE_She stopped in Manila, Philippines._NEWLINE_She was soon bound for Okinawa, where she arrived 12 August 1945. Hanover unloaded replacement troops on that battle-scarred island, and after the close of the war prepared to take part in the occupation. One of the Army officers that had been exercising his troops a few days before, went into the caves on Okinawa and was killed. Some Japanese refused to surrender at the end of the war. _START_SECTION_ After hostilities _START_PARAGRAPH_ After embarking Army units, Hanover sailed 5 September for Jinsen, Korea, to aid in the occupation, and unloaded her troops three days later. The transport returned to Okinawa 14 September but was soon forced to stand out to sea to ride out the great typhoon of September 1945. After the severe weather subsided, Hanover returned to Okinawa and loaded troops for the occupation of China. She arrived Taku 30 September to help stabilize the troubled situation there and aid in the consolidation of the area by Nationalist forces. _START_SECTION_ Operation Magic Carpet _START_PARAGRAPH_ Hanover's next assignment was with the Operation Magic Carpet fleet, bringing home American troops from the Pacific._NEWLINE_While traveling alone, a new sailor was assigned to manually adjust the water make up valve to control the water level. However, the valve was overhead, and the handwheel was below an overhead valve. As the water level in the boiler started to go low, the sailor turn the wheel counter-clockwise (intending to open the valve). But instead he shut off the water, and the ship lost all steam power, propulsion, and steerage. It was a completely silent, sunny clear afternoon. It took hour to light off the boiler and develop enough steam to spin the water pumps, fans, and generators to restore operations._NEWLINE_She spent five days and nights in the fog while approaching Seattle, Washington. The radar image did not resemble the charts of the shoreline. The image showed the land at about 60 foot elevation above sea level (the height of the radar transmitter receiver Feed horn). The ship radioed shore for help in verifying its location. The shore-based radio operators said they could not help. The ship's radio operator instructed the shore operators and the ship's location was established. Later she sailed down the coast and up the river to Portland, Oregon._NEWLINE_She arrived San Francisco on her last voyage 6 February 1946, and was ordered to steam via the Panama Canal. One morning about 4 AM, the Officer of the Deck woke the Captain to show him a crystal clear mirage of a beautiful harbor. The ship steamed on to Norfolk, Virginia, where she arrived 9 March. The ship decommissioned 11 May and was returned to the Maritime Commission the next day. _START_SECTION_ Operational Dates Summary _START_PARAGRAPH_ 1945 Mar 31 Pascagoula, Mississippi USA_NEWLINE__NEWLINE_1945 APR 11 New Orleans, Louisiana USA_NEWLINE__NEWLINE_1945 MAY 01 Galveston, Texas USA_NEWLINE__NEWLINE_1945 MAY 06 Gulfport, Mississippi USA_NEWLINE__NEWLINE_1945 MAY 11 Canal Zone, Panama, USA_NEWLINE__NEWLINE_1945 JUN 01 Pearl Harbor, Hawaii, USA_NEWLINE__NEWLINE_1945 JUL 01 Portland, Oregon, USA_NEWLINE__NEWLINE_1945 JUL 17 Eniwetok, Marshall Islands, USA_NEWLINE__NEWLINE_1945 SEP 09 Okinawa_NEWLINE__NEWLINE_1945 SEP 11 Jinsen, Korea_NEWLINE__NEWLINE_1945 SEP 26 Nago Nan Bay, Okinawa_NEWLINE__NEWLINE_1945 OCT 03 Taku, China_NEWLINE__NEWLINE_1945 OCT 05 Taku, China_NEWLINE__NEWLINE_1945 OCT 16 Manila, Philippines_NEWLINE_ _NEWLINE_1945 OCT 23 Manila, Philippines_NEWLINE_ _NEWLINE_1945 OCT 25 Hong Kong, China_NEWLINE__NEWLINE_1945 OCT 26 Chinwangtao, China_NEWLINE__NEWLINE_1945 NOV 02 Taku, China_NEWLINE__NEWLINE_1945 NOV 10 Hong Kong, China_NEWLINE__NEWLINE_1945 NOV 26 Tsingtao, China_NEWLINE__NEWLINE_1945 DEC 01 Okinawa_NEWLINE__NEWLINE_1945 DEC 28 Seattle, Washington USA_NEWLINE__NEWLINE_1946 JAN 26 Yokosuka, Japan_NEWLINE__NEWLINE_1946 FEB 20 San Francisco, California USA _START_SECTION_ Commercial service _START_PARAGRAPH_ The ex- U.S.S. Hanover (AKA-116) was purchased by Oceanic Steamship Company in 1947. In 1965 traded to Matson and renamed VENTUREA #3. In 1970 sold renamed Entu. Scrapped in Taiwan in 1972.

11781590739869330164

Q7870010

_START_ARTICLE_ USS Harjurand (ARS-31) _START_SECTION_ Service career _START_PARAGRAPH_ Harjurand was built as SS Olesa in 1919 by Astilleros Cardona, S.A., Barcelona, Spain. She had a long and varied merchant career, serving in the 1920s as SS Per Skogland under Estonian registry, 1931-32 as SS Camberway for the British Sunderland Steam Shipping Co., in 1933 as SS Tento, in 1934 as SS Marpot, and finally under Estonian ownership again as SS Harjurand in 1937. Requisitioned by the War Shipping Administration, she was turned over to the Navy 1 June 1942. Although Navy owned, she was operated under contract by Merritt Chapman, and Scott, under the supervision of the Bureau of Ships._NEWLINE_Harjurand was one of the pioneer vessels in the Navy's very successful World War II Salvage Service. One of her first major operations was the salvage of cargo from SS Edward Luckenbach torpedoed off Florida 1 July 1942. Harjurand and other salvage ships worked from 28 March to 8 December 1943 at the difficult job of bringing up her valuable cargo of metal ores, and Harjurand succeeded in carrying some 4,500 tons of the recovered ore to Tampa, Florida, to be utilized in the war effort._NEWLINE_For most of the next 18 months, Harjurand was engaged mainly in removing protruding parts of sunken hulks which threatened navigation off the East Coast of the United States. She worked on SS Gulfamerica off Jacksonville, Florida, April 1944, SS Ashkabad at sea east of Georgia in June, SS Maurice Tracy off South Carolina in August, and destroyer Sturtevant (DD-240) off the Florida Keys during April 1945._NEWLINE_At the close of the war, to which the old coal-burning Harjurand had contributed much, the contract with Merritt Chapman, and Scott was terminated and the ship was returned to the War Shipping Administration 22 May 1946. She was stricken from the Navy List 19 June 1946. Subsequently, Harjurand was sold to Miraflores, S.A., of Panama, and resumed merchant service until about 1955 as SS Dodecanese.

7350091905526490370

Q7870633

_START_ARTICLE_ USS Juniata (SP-602) _START_SECTION_ Construction _START_PARAGRAPH_ The power yacht Josephine was designed for Edward Shearson, a New York Yacht Club member, by William Gardner and built by Robert Jacobs at City Island, Bronx, New York. The yacht was twin screw, flush deck with two deck houses and at the time one of the larger power yachts built._NEWLINE_The steel hull, decked in white pine and teak, had five watertight bulkheads for four watertight compartments with living quarters below deck and dining and lounge saloons in above deck. The forward watertight compartment, subdivided into two compartments, with three officer staterooms and a dining area with the crew housed in the forecastle. The galley was directly forward of the machinery space with storage and a two-ton ice capacity ice box as well as a coal fired hot water boiler for ship's hot water use._NEWLINE_The two midships watertight compartments housed machinery and gasoline tanks with the machinery space the forward of the two housing two six cylinder gasoline engines with 600 total horsepower to give a speed of "about 20 miles per hour (17 kn; 32 km/h)" and a single General Electric 5 kilowatt gasoline generator. The vessel was equipped with electric windlass, pumps for bilge and sanitary service, lighting, heating and cooking. The aft of the two midships watertight compartments contained three seamless, welded stainless steel tanks for 3,000 US gallons (11,000 l) of gasoline._NEWLINE_The aft compartment contained owner's and guests accommodations with three double and one single stateroom. The forward portion contained the owner's stateroom extending the full width of the vessel and containing two beds, wardrobes and bureaus, a dressing table and sofa with a fully equipped bathroom on the starboard side. A lobby and stairs to the upperdeck separated the owner's cabin from two double and one single guest staterooms, trunk room and bathroom. The deckhouse above was fitted in solid African mahogany and furnished in the Empire style and the forward deckhouse contained fourteen seat the Elizabethan style dining saloon with Tiger wood (specific variety unspecified) finishing and furniture. The vessel's bridge was atop the forward deckhouse and three mahogany boats specially designed by William Gardner were a 24 feet (7.3 m) owner's launch, 18 feet (5.5 m) market launch and 14 feet (4.3 m) dinghy._NEWLINE_Ship's specifications were 138 feet (42.1 m) length over all, 17 feet (5.2 m) beam and 4 feet 6 inches (1.4 m) draft. Lloyd's Register of American Yachts for 1917 shows Juniata, formerly Josephine, with United States Official Number 208306, call sign LBST and gives the registered specifications of 96 GRT, 142 net tons, 138 feet 4 inches (42.2 m) length overall, 126 feet (38.4 m) water line length, 17 feet 2 inches (5.2 m) beam, 4 feet 6 inches (1.4 m) draft and 8 feet 5 inches (2.6 m) depth. _START_SECTION_ Yacht Josephine _START_PARAGRAPH_ Josephine cruised from Bar Harbor, Maine to Key West in winter and was commonly in Long Island Sound during summer operating between Shearson' home at Greenwich, Connecticut and New York City._NEWLINE_In 1914 Josephine was sold to George W. Elkins of Philadelphia and renamed Juniata. _START_SECTION_ Navy service _START_PARAGRAPH_ On 1 June 1917, the U.S. Navy acquired Juniata from her owner, G. W. Elkins of Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, for use as a section patrol boat during World War I. She was commissioned at the Philadelphia Navy Yard the same day as USS Juniata (SP-602) with Lieutenant, junior grade, W. G. Morse, USNRF, in command._NEWLINE_Assigned to the 4th Naval District and based at Lewes, Delaware, Juniata conducted patrols in the Delaware Bay for about the next 13 months._NEWLINE_Juniata was decommissioned on 13 July 1918 and returned to Elkins on 25 July 1918.

8368317812616421398

Q7870723

_START_ARTICLE_ USS Kenneth M. Willett _START_SECTION_ World War II _START_PARAGRAPH_ After shakedown and training off Bermuda, Kenneth M. Willett served as a training ship in the Chesapeake Bay from 1 to 20 October. Joining CortDiv 82, she departed Norfolk, Virginia, 21 October for duty in the Pacific with the U.S. 7th Fleet. Steaming via the Panama Canal, the Galápagos Islands, and the New Hebrides, she reached Hollandia, New Guinea, 28 November._NEWLINE_Assigned to convoy escort duty between Humboldt Bay, New Guinea, and Leyte Gulf, Philippines, Kenneth M. Willett made seven trips from 13 December 1944 to 25 February 1945. On 1 January 1945, while she screened a convoy to Hollandia, Kenneth H. Willett's guns brought down an attacking enemy torpedo plane close aboard one of the merchant ships._NEWLINE_Upon arriving Leyte Gulf 25 February, the destroyer escort was assigned to patrol and ASW duty. Steaming to Mangarin Bay, Mindoro, 6 March, she made hunter-killer patrols off Mindoro and Luzon, then returned to Leyte Gulf 4 June for escort duty between Leyte and Ulithi, Western Carolines. After two runs to Ulithi, she resumed patrol duty off Mindoro 2 July; and on the 10th she returned to Leyte for a convoy escort run to Okinawa._NEWLINE_Departing 17 July with a convoy of LCIs and LSTs, Kenneth M. Willett steamed via Casiguran Bay, Luzon, for the Ryūkyūs. After safely passing through a typhoon 30 to 31 July, the convoy reached Okinawa 7 August. Kenneth M. Willett departed the next day for Leyte. During the next 16 weeks she made convoy runs out of Leyte and Manila to Ulithi, Tokyo, and Shanghai. And from 29 December to 29 January 1946 she operated out of Guiuan Roadstead, Samar, on intermittent weather patrols east of Leyte Gulf._NEWLINE_Steaming to Manila 10 February, Kenneth M. Willett cleared the bay 15 February for patrol duty along the Chinese coast. She arrived Tsingtao 20 February with five other destroyer escorts and commenced operations from the Yellow Sea to Shanghai in support of Chinese Nationalists' efforts to wrest control of the northern Chinese Mainland from the Communists. Following ASW operations in the North Yellow Sea 1 to 5 April, she departed Tsingtao 15 April en route to the United States. Steaming via Guam, Eniwetok, and Pearl Harbor, she arrived San Pedro, California, 11 May. She decommissioned 24 October and entered the Pacific Reserve Fleet at San Diego, California, 10 November. _START_SECTION_ Korean War operations _START_PARAGRAPH_ During the Korean War Kenneth M. Willett recommissioned 25 May 1951 at San Diego, Lt. Comdr. E. N. Weatherly in command. After shakedown along the California coast, she departed San Diego 4 September and steamed via the Panama Canal en route to New Orleans, Louisiana, where she arrived 18 September for duty as a Naval Reserve training ship. Assigned to the 8th Naval District, she departed 5 November on a Naval Reserve cruise to San Juan, Puerto Rico. From then until 16 October 1958 she made 63 training cruises that carried her from New Orleans to South America, Canada, the eastern seaboard of the United States, and throughout the Caribbean. During this time she rendered vitally important service, making certain that men of the Naval Reserve remained qualified to serve on a moment's notice to guard the nation's security on the high seas. _START_SECTION_ Final decommissioning _START_PARAGRAPH_ Upon her arrival from Havana, Cuba, 16 October 1958 Kenneth M. Willett completed her final training cruise. She departed New Orleans 30 November, arriving Orange, Texas, the following day. She then was painted, all equipment was made operational and closed up and sealed and was decommissioned 26 February 1959. Assigned to the Atlantic Reserve Fleet, she was berthed at Philadelphia, Pennsylvania. On 1 July 1972 she was struck from the Navy List, and, on 6 March 1974, she was sunk as a target off the coast of Puerto Rico.

13281856170633171018

Q10387006

_START_ARTICLE_ USS LST-947 _START_SECTION_ Construction _START_PARAGRAPH_ LST-947 was laid down on 15 August 1944, at Hingham, Massachusetts, by the Bethlehem-Hingham Shipyard; launched on 23 September 1945; and commissioned on 15 October 1945, Lieutenant Rudolph Siemssen, USN, in command. _START_SECTION_ Service history _START_PARAGRAPH_ During World War II LST-947 was assigned to the Asiatic-Pacific theater and participated in the assault and occupation of Okinawa Gunto in April 1945._NEWLINE_Following the war, she performed occupation duty in the Far East until early July 1946. She was decommissioned on 16 August 1946, and struck from the Navy list on 15 October, that same year. The ship was sold to Bosey, Philippines, on 5 December 1947. _START_SECTION_ Awards _START_PARAGRAPH_ LST-947 earned one battle star for World War II service.

15474770608533503019

Q11698434

_START_ARTICLE_ USS Melvin R. Nawman _START_SECTION_ History _START_PARAGRAPH_ The destroyer escort was named in honor of Melvin Rollie Nawman who died attempting to stop the “Tokyo Express” from landing additional reinforcements on Guadalcanal. The gallantry of this volunteer mission was recognized through a posthumously awarded Air Medal._NEWLINE_Melvin R. Nawman's keel was laid down on 3 January 1944 by Brown Shipbuilding Co. at their yard in Houston, Texas. The destroyer escort was launched on 16 February 1944, sponsored by Mrs. R. B. Nawman, mother of the late 2d Lt. Melvin R. Nawman and commissioned on 16 May 1944 with Lt. Comdr. F. W. Kinsley in command. _START_SECTION_ World War II _START_PARAGRAPH_ Following completion of shakedown exercises off Bermuda Melvin R. Nawman steamed forth from Boston Navy Yard on 22 July 1944 for the Pacific theater. A two-month training period with an antisubmarine hunter-killer group interrupted her westward progress at Pearl Harbor. In October convoy missions commenced to Eniwetok, Marshall Islands, and Ulithi, western Caroline group highlighted by a submarine contact on 18 November and an encounter with a severe tropical storm a month later._NEWLINE_The year 1945 brought action off the invasion beaches with the U.S. 5th Fleet. Melvin R. Nawman screened the escort carrier USS Anzio as its planes bombed Japanese positions on Iwo Jima on 16 February (D day minus 3) until 3 March. With victory imminent the group retired to Leyte for redeployment off the beaches of Okinawa. In the intense action that followed the destroyer escort's guns shot down their first two planes near Kerama Retto on 2 April earning the Bronze Star Medal for two members of the crew. After a month on station the ship returned to escort duty centered around Guam. In the final stages of the war in the Pacific 47 consecutive days were spent at sea screening aircraft carrier task forces operating off the east coast of Japan before retiring to Guam._NEWLINE_In the next four months Melvin R. Nawman steamed first to Korea and then made three escort trips to the China coast as the United States and Nationalist China tried to redistribute their forces to stabilize the postwar Far East. On 22 December, pressed into “Operation Magic Carpet” duty, the destroyer escort pointed its bow toward home. She arrived at San Francisco, California on 15 January 1946 and on 23 April decommissioned at San Diego, California, and joined the Pacific Reserve Fleet. _START_SECTION_ Korean War _START_PARAGRAPH_ The expansion of the U.S. Armed Forces during the Korean War restored Melvin R. Nawman to a commissioned status on 28 March 1951 with Lt. Comdr. P. H. Teeter in command. Following shakedown she departed San Diego on 22 June to assume new duties with Destroyer Force, Atlantic Fleet, arriving at Melville, Rhode Island pn 11 July. _START_SECTION_ Training assignments _START_PARAGRAPH_ Beside local operations Melvin R. Nawman made voyages each year to Key West, Florida, and commencing in 1954 annual visits to Caribbean island ports. These areas provided the most intensive antisubmarine warfare training and at times permitted this destroyer escort to assist in the training of students from the Fleet Sonar School, Key West. Three midshipmen cruises also brought visits to Norway, Denmark, and Quebec, Canada. Her busiest sailing year 1957, climaxed in October with a 49-day voyage which traversed the length of the Mediterranean Sea._NEWLINE_The next year assigned to a Reserve Escort Squadron she undertook her first Naval Reserve cruise 16 June. Emerging from overhaul in February 1959 she was designated a Selected Reserve Training Ship berthed first at Davisville, Rhode Island, and after 12 December at Providence, Rhode Island. Her Reserve crew completed one cruise to Puerto Rico in the spring of 1960 but on her last voyage Melvin R. Nawman was towed into the New York Navy Yard on 1 June for inactivation. _START_SECTION_ Fate _START_PARAGRAPH_ She decommissioned 30 August 1960 and struck 1 July 1972 from the Navy List. She was sold for scrap on 3 October 1973 and broken up. _START_SECTION_ Awards _START_PARAGRAPH_ Melvin R. Nawman received four battle stars for service in the Pacific theater during World War II.

16919203773551436096

Q6138496

_START_ARTICLE_ USS Queenfish (SSN-651) _START_SECTION_ Construction and commissioning _START_PARAGRAPH_ The contract to build Queenfish was awarded to Newport News Shipbuilding and Dry Dock Company in Newport News, Virginia, on 26 March 1963 and her keel was laid down there on 11 May 1964. She was launched on 25 February 1966, sponsored by Julia Butler Hansen (1907–1988), U.S. Representative from Washington's 3rd Congressional District (1960–1974), and commissioned on 6 December 1966 with Commander Jackson B. Richard in command._NEWLINE_Queenfish was launched one day ahead of the lead ship of her class, the Sturgeon, despite being laid down 18 months later, and as a result of a multimillion-dollar bonus offered by the Navy to the Newport News shipyard. She was also commissioned in December 1966, three months ahead of Sturgeon. _START_SECTION_ Decommissioning and disposal _START_PARAGRAPH_ Queenfish was deactivated on 21 September 1990, decommissioned on 8 November 1991 and stricken from the Naval Vessel Register on 14 April 1992. Her scrapping via the Nuclear-Powered Ship and Submarine Recycling Program at Puget Sound Naval Shipyard at Bremerton, Washington, began on 1 May 1992 and was completed on 7 April 1993.

8193728823489104317

Q7873802

_START_ARTICLE_ USS San Saba (APA-232) _START_SECTION_ World War II _START_PARAGRAPH_ After trials and amphibious training, San Saba departed San Francisco on 1 July 1945 for the Marshall Islands to transport troops and war supplies. She reached Eniwetok on 14 July; and, during the two months following, carried out transport missions to Ulithi, Caroline Islands; Leyte, Philippines; Manus, Admiralty Islands; Milne Bay, New Guinea; back to the Philippines at Mindoro, Subic Bay, and Manila; and thence on occupation duty to Yokohama, Sendai, Mutsu Kawa, and Ishinomaki Wan, Japan._NEWLINE_San Saba returned to Leyte temporarily at the end of September before sailing for San Francisco on 6 October. En route, she was detoured to Seattle, Washington, where she arrived on the 24th._NEWLINE_Following a period in drydock at Everett, Washington, she made a voyage in November and December to Okinawa and returned to San Pedro, California. On 14 January 1946, ownership of San Saba was transferred to the Navy Department; and, by the end of February, she had completed a passenger/cargo run to the Marianas. A month later, she departed San Francisco to carry troops to Okinawa and returned on 4 May._NEWLINE_San Saba sailed on 18 May for China and arrived at Shanghai on 5 June. She got underway on the 10th and steamed to Okinawa to embark over 900 Naval personnel for transport to Yokosuka, Japan. She returned to San Diego on 4 July. On the 17th of July, she was ordered to the Mare Island Naval Shipyard at San Francisco for inactivation. _START_SECTION_ Decommission _START_PARAGRAPH_ On 17 December 1946, San Saba was decommissioned and assigned to the San Francisco Group of the Pacific Reserve Fleet. On 1 October 1958, she was transferred to the Maritime Commission, struck from the Navy List, and was placed in the National Defense Reserve Fleet at Suisun Bay, California. Through June 1974, SS San Saba remained at Suisun Bay. Her Final Disposition, sold, 8 May 1975, to Zidell Explorations Inc. (non-transportation use), scrapping, 8 May 1975, delivered, 19 May 1975.

1581977020263941041

Q7874044

_START_ARTICLE_ USS Seven Seas (IX-68) _START_SECTION_ Service history _START_PARAGRAPH_ Seven Seas proceeded to the 7th Naval District on 8 May 1942, arriving at Key West, Florida, later that month. On 9 April, the auxiliary, full rigged ship assumed duties as station ship at Key West._NEWLINE_Seven Seas remained at Key West until after the heyday of coastal U-boat strikes. As the dangers lessened, she was placed out of service and laid up at the Coast Guard Patrol Base, Port Everglades, Florida, on 22 May 1944. Seven Seas was struck from the Navy List on 29 July 1944.

2189703138115826774

Q7874566

_START_ARTICLE_ USS Tackle (ARS-37) _START_SECTION_ Acquisition for the war effort _START_PARAGRAPH_ Built as SS W. R. Chamberlain, Jr. in 1912 by the Newport News Shipbuilding and Drydock Co., Newport News, Virginia, the ship was owned and operated by the shipping company W. R. Chamberlain & Co. of Portland, Oregon._NEWLINE_The ship was acquired through the War Shipping Administration in 1943. She was renamed USS Tackle (ARS-37) on 8 June 1943; was taken over by the Navy at Oran, Algeria, on 19 June 1943; and commissioned on 5 August 1943 at Palermo, Sicily. _START_SECTION_ World War II North Atlantic Operations _START_PARAGRAPH_ Tackle was assigned to the Salvage Force, U.S. 6th Fleet, and operated between Algerian ports until early 1944. She took a load of salvage equipment to Bizerte, Tunisia, on 30 March and moved to Palermo, Sicily, on 4 April. The ship shuttled between Sicily, Naples, and North African ports until mid-August. _START_SECTION_ Invasion of southern France operations _START_PARAGRAPH_ Tackle sailed with Task Force 84, on 21 August, to participate in the landings in southern France. She arrived at Cavalaire-sur-Mer on the 24th and moved to Port-de-Bouc on 1 September. _START_SECTION_ Damaged by an exploding mine _START_PARAGRAPH_ On 4 September, Tackle was being towed to the fueling and watering berth in the Basin Petrolier by the French tug Provencal. At 14:25 hours, a mine exploded between the two ships. The French tug was sunk, and Tackle suffered considerable damage to her port side and engine rooms. She was towed to Toulon on the 8th for temporary repairs and, five days later, thence to Palermo. Permanent repairs were completed there on 20 October, and she sailed for Toulon five days later._NEWLINE_Tackle made a voyage from Algeria to Marseilles in November and spent December 1944 shuttling between Algerian ports. On 30 January 1945, she returned to Marseilles. Her designation was changed to ARS(T)-4 (Salvage Craft Tender) on 1 February. The ship steamed to Palermo on the 13th. While she was there, her designation was changed to IX-217 (Miscellaneous Unclassified). She returned to Algeria on 20 March. _START_SECTION_ Too damaged to remain in service _START_PARAGRAPH_ Tackle stood out of Oran on 17 April en route to the United States. She arrived at Norfolk, Virginia, on 18 May; and, on 27 June, it was determined that the ship was unfit for further naval service. Tackle was decommissioned on 13 September and struck from the Navy list on 11 October 1945. Her ultimate fate is unknown. _START_SECTION_ Awards _START_PARAGRAPH_ Tackle received two battle stars for World War II service.

3183062910005786313

Q7874931

_START_ARTICLE_ USS Tutuila (PR-4) _START_SECTION_ Construction _START_PARAGRAPH_ Tutuila was laid down on 17 October 1926, at the Kiangnan Dockyard and Engineering Works in Shanghai, China; launched on 14 June 1927, sponsored by Miss Beverly Pollard; and commissioned on 2 March 1928, with Lieutenant Commander Frederick Baltzly in command. _START_SECTION_ Yangtze Patrol, 1928-1937 _START_PARAGRAPH_ Assigned to the Yangtze Patrol (YangPat) and redesignated river gunboat PR-4 on 16 June 1928, Tutuila cruised on shakedown up the Yangtze River from Shanghai to Yichang, where she joined her sister ship Guam in mid-July. Convoying river steamers through the upper reaches of the Yangtze on her first passage through the scenic gorges, she flew the flag of Rear Admiral Yates Stirling, Jr., Commander, Yangtze Patrol (ComYangPat). Tutuila's shallow draft enabled her to traverse the treacherous rapids of the gorges with ease, so that the fluctuating water levels did not hinder her year-round access to the upper stretch of the Yangtze. Her duty with YangPat offered excitement and variety: conducting roving armed patrols; convoying merchantmen; providing armed guards for American flag steamers; and "showing the flag" to protect American lives and property in a land where civil strife and warfare had been a way of life for centuries._NEWLINE_Dealing with sniping by bandits or warlord troops in the 1920s and 1930s required both tact and—on occasion—a few well-placed rounds of 3 in (76 mm) or .30 in (7.62 mm) gunfire. One incident which called for a mixture of diplomacy and force came in 1929, when Lt. Cdr. S. D. Truesdell was in command of the gunboat. He called on the Chinese warlord from whose territory some rifle shots had come. During a discussion of the incident, the general explained that his men were merely "country boys, who meant no harm". Truesdell replied that he, too, had some "country boys" among his own crew. He noted that he had found them tinkering with the after 3-inch gun, pointing it at the general's conspicuous white headquarters as they practiced their range-finding. Truesdell's rejoinder bore immediate fruit; the sniper fire ceased. _START_SECTION_ Sino-Japanese War, 1937-1941 _START_PARAGRAPH_ In 1937, the complexion of life for the Yangtze gunboats changed. The undeclared Second Sino-Japanese War began in July and spread to the Yangtze valley in August–September. Japanese river operations effectively bottled up the river for neutral gunboats, and their proximity to war zones produced incidents such as the sinking of Panay by Japanese aircraft on 12 December 1937. On 3 August 1938, Tutuila followed Luzon up the river to Chungking, as the YangPat flagship carried the American Ambassador—Nelson T. Johnson—to that river port._NEWLINE_Tutuila remained at Chungking as station ship with little hope of relief. Further Japanese operations resulted in the capture of Hankow in October 1938, making river travel below the former Chinese capital city subject to harassment and obstruction by the Japanese Navy. Such conditions resulted in the stranding of Tutuila at Chungking, where she remained through 1941._NEWLINE_On 8 May 1940 Tutuila ran aground and was damaged. She remained stranded until refloated on 13 May then repaired and returned to service._NEWLINE_After the fall of Hankow, the Chinese moved their capital up river to Tutuila's station, Chungking. Japanese forces thus stepped up the intensity of their attacks on that city, and air raids were common occurrences during the spring, summer, and fall. Only winter bad weather prevented the Japanese from year-round heavy raids. Moored at Lungmenhao Lagoon, Tutuila bore a charmed life until 31 July 1941, when Japanese bombs landed close aboard, holing the ship at her waterline and destroying the ship's motor skimmer with its outboard motor._NEWLINE_By late 1941, as the situation in the Far East worsened, four gunboats remained with YangPat and one in the South China Patrol. Admiral Hart's reduction of naval forces in Chinese waters cut this number to two. Luzon—with Rear Admiral William A. Glassford, ComYangPat, aboard—departed from Shanghai for Manila on 28 November 1941 in company with Oahu. Wake remained at Shanghai as station ship; Tutuila, beyond hope of escape, remained marooned at Chungking. Mindanao departed Hong Kong at approximately the same time and arrived in the Philippines shortly after hostilities commenced. _START_SECTION_ World War II, 1941-1942 _START_PARAGRAPH_ Shortly after his arrival in Manila, RAdm. Glassford deactivated the Yangtze Patrol on 6 December 1941. Within a few days, Japanese air attacks had devastated Pearl Harbor; and hostilities were underway with a rapidity which caught Wake unawares at Shanghai, where she was captured. For Tutuila, however, this news only heightened the anxiety._NEWLINE_Her residual complement of two officers and 22 enlisted men was ordered to depart from Chungking without their ship. She was then taken under the jurisdiction of the Naval Attaché attached to the American Embassy, Chungking. She was decommissioned on 18 January 1942, the same day Tutuila's crew flew out of the city. _START_SECTION_ Republic of China Navy, 1942-1949 _START_PARAGRAPH_ The attaché delivered the ship to an authorized representative of the Republic of China on 16 February 1942. Then, under terms of lend-lease, the U.S. Navy leased the gunboat to China on 19 March, her name becoming Mei Yuan, which can be translated as "of American origin". The name Tutuila was struck from the U.S. Naval Vessel Register on 26 March._NEWLINE_The ship was permanently transferred to the Chinese government on 17 February 1948. She served the Nationalist Navy until near the end of the Civil War which ravaged China after World War II. As Communist forces advanced upon Shanghai, the Nationalists abandoned and scuttled Mei Yuan to prevent her capture. Her subsequent fate is unknown.

10826574911724392676

Q7875489

_START_ARTICLE_ USS Whitehurst (DE-634) _START_SECTION_ Initial operations _START_PARAGRAPH_ Whitehurst (DE-634) was laid down on 21 March 1943 at San Francisco, California, by the Bethlehem Steel Co.; launched on 5 September 1943; sponsored by Mrs. Robie S. Whitehurst, the mother of Ensign Whitehurst; and commissioned on 19 November 1943, Lieutenant Commander James R. Grey in command. _START_SECTION_ World War II _START_PARAGRAPH_ Following sea trials, calibration tests, and shakedown off the west coast, Whitehurst proceeded to Hawaii, arriving at Pearl Harbor on 4 February 1944. Underway for the Solomons on the 7th, the destroyer escort sailed via Majuro and Funafuti in company with James E. Craig (DE-201) and SC-502, escorting SS George Ross, SS George Constantine and SS Robert Lucas, and arrived on 23 February at Espiritu Santo in the New Hebrides._NEWLINE_After shifting to Nouméa, New Caledonia, and back to Espiritu Santo, Whitehurst joined Osterhaus (DE-164) and Acree (DE-167) on 22 March to escort oilers Kankakee (AO-39), Escambia (AO-80), and Atascosa (AO-66). Whitehurst and Atascosa were detached from that task unit on 26 March to proceed independently to a rendezvous with other task forces operating in the area. While Atascosa refueled ships from Destroyer Squadron 47, an enemy plane appeared. All ships present, including Whitehurst, opened fire but scored no hits as the plane climbed upward and out of sight. Once refueling had been completed, Whitehurst and the oiler returned to Espiritu Santo._NEWLINE_At the completion of a mission escorting President Monroe (AP-104) to Milne Bay, New Guinea, Whitehurst remained in waters off New Guinea on local escort duties until 17 May. She then participated in the amphibious operation against Wakde Island, screening the amphibious ships as they landed troops of General Douglas MacArthur's forces. Whitehurst, in company with other units of Task Unit (TU) 72.2.9, later escorted echelon S-4 of the invasion force to Humboldt Bay. The destroyer escort subsequently joined Wilkes (DD-441), Nicholson (DD-442), and Swanson (DD-443), to screen echelon H-2 as it steamed toward Bosnic, Biak, in the Schouten Islands, for landings there._NEWLINE_Arriving off Biak on 28 May, Whitehurst took up a patrol station off the western entrance to the channel between Owi Island and Biak. While there, she received an urgent message from LCI-34 which had been taken under fire by Japanese shore batteries. Whitehurst arrived on the scene in time to be shelled, herself, but the enemy's rounds fell harmlessly nearby and caused no damage to the ship. The destroyer escort soon was relieved by Stockton (DD-646) and Swanson in covering LCI-34, and then protected LCT-260 as that landing craft embarked casualties from the beachhead. Whitehurst subsequently screened echelon H-2 as it retired from Biak to Humboldt Bay._NEWLINE_Whitehurst performed escort duties and trained through the summer of 1944. The tempo of the war, however, was increasing. With the Japanese being driven from one island after another, American planners looked toward the next rung of the ladder to Tokyo, the Philippine Islands. Accordingly, Whitehurst, Lieutenant Jack C. Horton, USNR, now in command, was placed in the anti-submarine and anti-aircraft screen of TU 77.7.1, a group of fleet tankers slated to supply units of the 7th Fleet on its drive into the Philippines. On 27 October, a week after American troops had landed on Leyte, two enemy planes attacked Whitehurst; but both were driven off by anti-aircraft fire from the ship's guns._NEWLINE_Two days later, on 29 October, Whitehurst received word that, on the previous day, Eversole (DE-404) had been torpedoed and sunk by a Japanese submarine. While Bull (DE-693) picked up survivors from the sunken destroyer escort, Whitehurst, detached from TU 77.7.1 to conduct a search, soon picked up a contact. At general quarters, the destroyer escort conducted three attacks without conclusive results. When Whitehurst pressed home a fourth depth charge attack, her efforts were crowned with success. In quick succession, five to seven explosions rumbled up from the depths. Another violent underwater burst soon followed, causing a concussion that damaged Whitehurst's detecting gear._NEWLINE_Bull continued the search after Whitehurst, with her damaged sound gear, requested her to do so but found nothing except a stretch of disturbed water. As the waves calmed, lookouts in both ships noticed many pieces of wood and other debris bobbing in a widening oil slick. The Japanese submarine I-45, which had sunk the Eversole, had been destroyed. While Bull continued picking up Eversole survivors in the vicinity, Whitehurst returned to TU 77.7.1 and with that task unit headed back to Kossol Roads in the Palaus._NEWLINE_Nearly a month later, following another stint of local escort operations, Whitehurst again came to grips with the enemy. While escorting a 12-ship convoy from Leyte to New Guinea, Whitehurst came under attack by two Japanese "Lily" medium bombers. One skimmed low and dropped a bomb that fell well clear of the ships. The second started a glide bombing attack, but Whitehurst's guns tumbled that raider into the sea._NEWLINE_After arriving with the convoy at New Guinea on 25 November, Whitehurst spent the remainder of 1944 and the first few months of 1945 in escort operations between New Guinea and the Philippines. She did not again engage the enemy until the Okinawa campaign._NEWLINE_When the American landings on Okinawa commenced on 1 April 1945, Whitehurst was among the many screening vessels protecting the valuable transports and cargo vessels. On 6 April, while on patrol station off Kerama Retto, the destroyer escort drove off an enemy plane that had attacked the cargo vessel SS Pierre. Three days later, the escort vessel was relieved of her escort duties off Kerama Retto, and she shifted to Okinawa to operate off the southwest coast of that island._NEWLINE_Taking up station on the 10th, she was still steaming in that capacity early in the afternoon two days later when a low-flying enemy aircraft closed the ship only to be driven off by Whitehurst's gunfire. At 1430, four "Val" dive-bombers approached the area from the south; and one detached itself from the group and headed for Whitehurst. It circled and soon commenced a steep dive while two of its companions also commenced an attack, one from the starboard beam and one from astern. The latter two planes spun down in flames, destroyed by anti-aircraft fire, but the original attacker continued down in spite of the 20-millimeter hits that tore at the plane. This "Val" crashed into the ship's forward superstructure on the port side of the pilot house, penetrating bulkheads and starting fires that enveloped the entire bridge, while the plane's bomb continued through the ship and exploded some 50 feet off her starboard bow._NEWLINE_Whitehurst circled, out of control, while Vigilance (AM-324), patrolling a nearby sector, rang up flank speed and raced toward the burning destroyer escort to render assistance. By the time Vigilance finally caught up with Whitehurst, the destroyer escort's crew had put out the most serious fires; but the minesweeper proved invaluable in aiding the wounded. The prompt and efficient administering of first aid and the injection of plasma undoubtedly saved many lives, 21 of the 23 wounded transferred to Vigilance were saved. 42 of her crew of 213 died in the attack._NEWLINE_With a Vigilance signalman on board (Whitehurst's signal bridge personnel had been decimated) the damaged destroyer escort limped into Kerama Retto for temporary patching. Then, seaworthy enough for a voyage to Hawaii, Whitehurst reached Pearl Harbor on 10 May and was docked for repairs and alterations. _START_SECTION_ Post-war _START_PARAGRAPH_ Once the yard work had been completed and the ship had been converted to a floating power station, Whitehurst departed Pearl Harbor on 25 July 1945, bound for the Philippine Islands. Soon after she reached Luzon, Japan capitulated. Nevertheless, the ship supplied the city of Manila with power from August through October 1945. She was scheduled to depart Manila on 1 November, bound for Guam; but a typhoon in the vicinity resulted in a two-day delay. Whitehurst eventually reached Guam on the afternoon of 7 November._NEWLINE_Operating as a unit of Escort Division 40, Whitehurst supplied electrical power to the dredge YM-25 into 1946. Returning to the continental United States in April 1946, Whitehurst was decommissioned on 27 November 1946 and placed in the Atlantic Reserve Fleet at Green Cove Springs, Florida, in January 1947. _START_SECTION_ Korean War _START_PARAGRAPH_ Reactivated in the summer of 1950 as a result of the outbreak of war in Korea, Whitehurst was recommissioned on 1 September 1950 and soon sailed for the Far East. The destroyer escort earned three battle stars for her activities during the Korean War between 25 February and 19 September 1951._NEWLINE_In 1952, Whitehurst collided with the submarine USS Bugara (SS-331) during antisubmarine warfare exercises south of Barbers Point, Oahu, Hawaii. After repairs, she returned to the Far East, where she remained until 1955, when she returned to Pearl Harbor via Midway. After working locally out of Pearl Harbor for a year, the destroyer escort operated between Hawaii and Guam into 1956. Early in that year, she broadened her duties and itinerary by performing surveillance duties among the islands and atolls assigned the Trust Territory of the Pacific Islands. She also performed search and rescue missions in the Marianas and Carolines, periodically stopping at various islands to provide medical care for the natives and to record population changes._NEWLINE_Departing Guam on 22 February for Yokosuka, Japan, the ship sailed via the northern Marianas, the Bonins, and the Volcano Islands. She spent two weeks in Japanese waters before returning to Guam on 17 March. Returning to the Central Carolines for patrol duties in early April 1956, Whitehurst stood by a damaged seaplane at the island of Lamotrek for two weeks before she returned to Guam on 14 April, en route to Pearl Harbor._NEWLINE_After a period of local operations out of Pearl Harbor, Whitehurst headed back to the Far East and touched at Guam, Formosa, Hong Kong, and Sasebo, Japan, before representing the United States Navy at the graduation ceremonies of the Republic of Korea Naval Academy on 10 April. She returned to Sasebo before shifting to Yokosuka en route to Midway and Hawaii. _START_SECTION_ Hollywood use _START_PARAGRAPH_ Arriving at Pearl Harbor on 30 April 1957, Whitehurst underwent four weeks of upkeep and repairs before beginning six weeks of duty with 20th Century Fox during the filming of the World War II adventure film The Enemy Below. During that time, she portrayed the fictional destroyer escort "USS Haynes (DE-181)"._NEWLINE_Upon completion of filming, Whitehurst operated off Oahu until late in September, when she was ordered to Seattle, Washington, for duty as training ship with the 13th Naval District. The veteran destroyer escort trained naval reservists on weekend drill cruises and, during this time, made one extended cruise to Guaymas, Mexico, in November 1957. After being overhauled at Seattle from February to April 1958, Whitehurst returned to active training duties, becoming a Group II ASW reserve ship in July. On 6 December 1958, Whitehurst was transferred to the Naval Reserve and placed in an "in service" status as a unit of the Selected Reserve ASW Force. _START_SECTION_ Reserve ASW force _START_PARAGRAPH_ Thereafter, into the 1960s, Whitehurst cruised one weekend per month and made one two-week cruise per year. During the fiscal year 1961, the destroyer escort placed second in the national competition and the battle efficiency competition among the west coast Group II Naval Reserve destroyer escorts._NEWLINE_Commissioned on 2 October 1961 for duty with the Pacific Fleet, Lieutenant Commander Donald L. MacLane, USNR, in command, Whitehurst operated actively with the fleet after being "called to the colors" as a result of the Berlin Crisis that autumn. The destroyer escort departed Seattle on the 4th, bound for her new home port of Pearl Harbor, Hawaii._NEWLINE_After a period of training in the Hawaiian area, Whitehurst departed Pearl Harbor on 10 February 1962 for a deployment to the Western Pacific (WestPac). During the deployment, she operated with the 7th Fleet out of Subic Bay, Philippines, and made a goodwill visit to Sapporo, Japan. The ship also operated in the South China Sea and the Gulf of Siam._NEWLINE_Returning to the United States via Hawaii, Whitehurst arrived at Seattle in company with Charles E. Brannon (DE-446) on 17 July 1962. Subsequently transferred back to the Naval Reserve on 1 August 1962 and placed in Group II in-service status as a Naval Reserve training ship, Whitehurst resumed operations out of Seattle. During 1963, the ship received two major changes in her configuration when her 40-millimeter mounts and ship-to-shore power reels — the latter items having enabled her to function as a floating power station — were removed._NEWLINE_Whitehurst, in subsequent years, visited San Diego, California; Bellingham, Port Angeles, and Everett, Washington; and Esquimalt, British Columbia. On 17 January 1965 while operating in the Strait of Juan de Fuca, and steaming in dense fog off the Vancouver narrows, Whitehurst collided with the Norwegian freighter SS Hoyanger. Both ships then ran aground in shallow water. The destroyer escort suffered a five-foot gash in her stern above the waterline while the freighter got off with three feet of scraped bow plates. The following day, both ships were pulled off by tugs._NEWLINE_Whitehurst operated locally out of Seattle and ranged as far south as San Diego and San Francisco into 1969. From 1966 to 1968 the Whitehurst was commanded by LTCDR Charles Bryant. One of the highlights for the destroyer escort in 1966 was the visit of astronaut Commander Richard F. Gordon, Jr., USN, in November 1966. The ship transported Gordon and his family from Seattle to his home town of Bremerton on 18 November before she returned to her home port. _START_SECTION_ End of career _START_PARAGRAPH_ Soon Whitehurst's home port was shifted to Portland, Oregon, from Seattle. The ship she was to replace, McGinty (DE-365), was being deactivated as a Naval Reserve Force ship as part of an economy drive due to higher priority funding requirements for the Vietnam War. However, Whitehurst's days were also numbered, and she, too, was soon deactivated. On 12 July 1969, the destroyer escort was taken out of service and struck from the Navy List. Stripped of usable equipment, she was eventually taken to sea, and sunk as a target by Trigger (SS-564) on 28 April 1971. _START_SECTION_ Awards _START_PARAGRAPH_ Whitehurst earned six battle stars for her World War II service and three battle stars for Korean service.

2621724795962050581

Q7875594

_START_ARTICLE_ USS Winged Arrow (AP-170) _START_SECTION_ Commissioning _START_PARAGRAPH_ The ship was laid down 26 January 1943 as SS Winged Victory, a Maritime Commission type (C2-S-B1) hull, under Maritime Commission contract (MC hull 1156) at Moore Dry Dock Company in Oakland, California, and launched 3 April 1943. She was acquired by the Navy from the War Shipping Administration on 21 April 1944 and commissioned that same day as USS Winged Arrow (AP-170), Comdr. J. E. Shomier in command. _START_SECTION_ Saipan _START_PARAGRAPH_ On 30 April, Winged Arrow put to sea with a full complement of Army replacement troops, bound for Oahu where she arrived on 6 May. There, she practiced amphibious operations with soldiers from the Army's 27th Division in preparation for the occupation of the Mariana Islands. At the end of May, she departed Pearl Harbor with troops embarked, bound for Kwajalein in the Marshalls where she arrived on 9 June. Since Winged Arrow‍ '​s embarked troops were assigned to the floating reserve, they were not scheduled to be on hand at Saipan on "D-day". Therefore, she remained at Kwajalein for several days before departing there on a schedule calculated to put her off Saipan on 17 June, two days after the initial assault. The following day, she transferred her troops to LSTs; and they landed at Agingan Point on Saipan. The transport then retired to Eniwetok to prepare for the second phase of the Marianas operation, the landings on Tinian. _START_SECTION_ Tinian _START_PARAGRAPH_ After a somewhat lengthy wait at Eniwetok occasioned by the unexpectedly difficult task of rooting out the defenders of Saipan, Winged Arrow returned to the island on 19 July and retracted units of the 2nd Marine Division for the Tinian assault. On the morning of 24 July, she and several other ships carried that division, made up of the 2nd and 8th Marine Regiments, around to the southwestern coast of Tinian opposite Tinian Town where they feigned a landing to draw enemy forces from the real objective on the eastern coast. Upon concluding the feint, Winged Arrow transported the marines back around to waters off the actual invasion beaches where they remained in the floating reserve. On the 26th, they went ashore to reinforce and support the 4th Marine Division during the reduction of Tinian._NEWLINE_Winged Arrow then embarked passengers, including 458 Japanese prisoners of war, at Saipan for transportation to Pearl Harbor. After disembarking the passengers at Oahu on 10 August, the transport continued eastward to San Francisco, where she arrived on 19 August. She completed almost a month's availability at San Francisco and then moved to San Diego on 19 September. There, she embarked a Marine Corps aviation unit for transportation to the Marshalls. She departed San Diego on 21 September and, after stops at Pearl Harbor and Majuro, disembarked her passengers at Roi islet in Kwajalein Atoll on 15 October. She embarked more passengers there and got underway again on 22 October, bound ultimately for Hollandia on the northern coast of New Guinea. After stops at Majuro and Manus in the Admiralty Islands, the transport arrived at Hollandia on 21 November. At the New Guinea base, the ship began preparations for the invasion of Luzon in the Philippines. _START_SECTION_ Lingayen Gulf _START_PARAGRAPH_ Early in January 1945, she embarked troops of the Army's I Corps, probably units of the 158th Regimental Combat Team, and sailed for Lingayen Gulf on the northwestern coast of Luzon as a part of Rear Admiral Richard L. Conolly's Reinforcement Group (Task Group 77.9). She and the other ships of her task group arrived off Lingayen on 11 January, two days after the initial assault. Her troops eventually landed near Mabilao about 15 miles east of the town of Lingayen itself and moved up to support other I Corps troops already engaged with the Japanese. During her stay at Lingayen Gulf, Winged Arrow was straddled by bombs and near-misses by a kamikaze who crashed close aboard her bow, but she performed her part in the operation without suffering casualties or damage. _START_SECTION_ Leyte _START_PARAGRAPH_ She departed Lingayen on the night of 12 and 13 January, joined a convoy of fast transports, and shaped a course for Leyte Gulf. En route, the convoy suffered another kamikaze attack. One of the intruders succeeded in crashing into Zeilin (AP-9), but Winged Arrow again escaped damage. After about a week at Leyte, the transport carried more reinforcements to Luzon, landing them just north of Subic Bay at La Paz. She returned to Leyte and remained there until 16 February when she got underway with a Ulithi-bound convoy which included her damaged former travelling mate, Zeilin. The task unit reached Ulithi on 18 February, but Winged Arrow did not remain there long. Continuing her voyage, she stopped at recently invaded Iwo Jima where she embarked units of the 5th Marine Division for transportation to Hawaii. After disembarking the marines at Hilo and spending from 12 to 17 April in the islands, she resumed her voyage to the west coast of the United States and entered San Francisco Bay on the 23rd. _START_SECTION_ Okinawa _START_PARAGRAPH_ Winged Arrow spent almost a month undergoing repairs at San Francisco. She departed that port on 16 May and headed north to Seattle where she arrived on the 19th. She embarked Army replacement troops for the Okinawa campaign and got underway again on 22 May. She made brief stops at Pearl Harbor, Eniwetok, and Ulithi before arriving in the Ryukyus in June. She remained at Okinawa until 8 July when she headed back to Pearl Harbor with 1,056 Japanese prisoners of war embarked. Steaming via Saipan and Eniwetok, she reached Oahu on 22 July. After unloading the prisoners of war, she took on a mixed group of passengers, which included male and female members of the armed forces as well as male and female civilians, for transportation back to the United States. The transport stood out of Pearl Harbor on 24 July and arrived in San Francisco six days later._NEWLINE_The ship underwent a round of voyage repairs at San Francisco before returning to sea on 11 August. En route to the western Pacific, she received word of the Japanese capitulation on 14 August. She made brief calls at Eniwetok and Ulithi before arriving at her destination, Leyte, on the day of the actual surrender ceremony, 2 September 1945. _START_SECTION_ Post-war _START_PARAGRAPH_ After a side trip to Tacloban, Winged Arrow departed the Philippines on 5 September with 1,500 returning Americans embarked. She made a two-day stop at Ulithi and arrived in San Francisco once again prior to returning to the Far East. She arrived at Saipan in the Marianas in mid-October and picked up more returning troops there and at Guam and Tinian before getting underway on the 27th to transport them back to the United States. The ship entered San Francisco once again on 10 November but departed again for the Orient two weeks later. This time, her destination was Jinsen, Korea, where she arrived on 13 December and probably disembarked occupation troops before heading back to the United States on the 15th. She arrived in Seattle early in January 1946 and remained there until the 28th when she put to sea once again, bound for Asia. The ship arrived at Shanghai, China, on 14 February and remained there until the 17th at which time she headed south to Hong Kong for a two-day visit before heading back to the west coast. Winged Arrow left Hong Kong on 22 February; stopped along the way at Guam, Truk, and Wake Island; and reentered Seattle on 29 March._NEWLINE_The transport embarked upon her final voyage for the Navy on 14 April. She made a stop at San Francisco and then shaped a course back to the Philippines on 26 April. Winged Arrow stood into Manila Bay on 14 May, moved to Subic Bay on 15 May, and headed for Samar on the 16th. She stopped only briefly at Samar on the 18th and then pointed her bow eastward. She concluded her final transpacific voyage for the Navy at San Francisco on 5 June. _START_SECTION_ Decommissioning and sale _START_PARAGRAPH_ On the 27th, she headed north to Seattle and inactivation, arriving there on the 30th. She completed inactivation overhaul and was placed out of commission at Seattle and transferred to the Maritime Commission on 12 August 1946 for disposal. Her name was struck from the Navy List on 28 August 1946. In 1948, she was sold and converted to mercantile service. Between 1948 and 1965, she served several steamship companies under the names Susan, Noordzee, Fairhope, and finally Green Bay. Her name disappeared from mercantile lists late in 1965. Presumably she was broken up. _START_SECTION_ Awards _START_PARAGRAPH_ Winged Arrow earned four battle stars during World War II.

16681345805318212679

Q21010284

_START_ARTICLE_ US Mexico Trade Dispute - Stainless Steel Sheets and Coils dumping _START_PARAGRAPH_ The US-Mexico Trade Dispute - Stainless Steel Sheets and Coils dumping is a trade dispute between the governments of The United States and Mexico. On May 26, 2006 Mexico requested consultations with the United States about a number of final anti-dumping judgments made by the US Department of Commerce. The judgments concerned the imports of stainless steel sheets and strips from Mexico, which were supposedly illegal dumping through the use of a "Zeroing" technique by the US Department of Commerce. Mexico believed that some of the laws, regulations, administrative practices and methodologies implemented by the US impaired and nullified the benefits added to Mexico, directly or indirectly, under the World Trade Organization Agreement on Customs Valuation, and that the anti-dumping laws were unwarranted. The consultations were held to discuss activities carried on between January 1999 and June 2004. This led to a panel being established in December 2006, the proceedings of which continued until May 2013, with a mutually agreeable solution being reached. Japan asked to join the consultation in June 2006. _START_SECTION_ Products in question _START_PARAGRAPH_ Stainless steel, specifically in the form of sheets and coils, was at the center of the dispute. Stainless steel is an alloy containing at least 10.2% chromium. _START_SECTION_ Panel history and decisions _START_PARAGRAPH_ On October 12, 2006, Mexico requested the production of a panel, which the dispute settlement body established on October 26, 2006. On December 20, 2006, the Director General finalized the panel's membership. In May 2007, the Chairman of the panel informed the dispute settlement body that the panel would not be able to complete the work until November 2007 due to scheduling conflicts. _NEWLINE_On December 20, 2007, the panel report was published to all members. The panel concluded that the Zeroing Model used by the US department of commerce was not agreed with the Anti-Dumping Agreement. On the other hand, it also concluded that Simple Zeroing in periodic review was not inconsistent with the Anti Dumping Agreement. Mexico was thus only partially satisfied with the results of their complaint to the World Trade Organization._NEWLINE_On January 31, 2008, Mexico notified the appellate body that it would like to appeal some of the issues of law covered in the panel report, and that it wished to cover some of the legal interpretations covered by the panel. On March 26, 2008 the chairman of the appellate body informed the dispute settlement body that the 60-day period would not be sufficient to finalize the report._NEWLINE_On April 30, 2008, the appellate report was circulated to the Members. The new decision reversed the previous panel’s decision stating that Simple Zeroing in periodic review was not in violation of the Anti-Dumping Agreement and reversed the ruling that the US was not in compliance with the Anti-Dumping Agreement. For the purposes of resolving the dispute, the panel also found it unnecessary to make an additional finding on Mexico’s claim that Simple Zeroing in periodic review (as applied to the five periodic reviews at issue in the dispute) was inconsistent with the Anti-Dumping Laws. Additionally, the new decision did not find that the previous panel failed to discharge its duties._NEWLINE_As a result, the appellate body recommended to the dispute settlement body that the United States bring the issues and practices found to be inconsistent with the anti-dumping agreement, into conformity with the obligations standing under the agreement. On May 20, 2008 the dispute settlement body adopted the appellate body and the panel reports. _START_SECTION_ Post-ruling and implementation _START_PARAGRAPH_ On June 2, 2008, at the dispute settlement body meeting, the United States notified the dispute settlement body that it intended to comply with the World Trade Organization obligations and requested a reasonable period of time to start implementation. After the lengthy process of appointing of an arbitrator, a decision was made on October 31, 2008 that the United States would have 11 months and ten days from the adoption of the Panel to implement the recommendations and rulings made by the appellate body. The reasonable time period expired on April 30, 2009._NEWLINE_On May 18, 2009, Mexico and the United States informed the dispute settlement body of an agreement regarding procedures. The next day, Japan requested to join the consultations. On September 7, 2010 Mexico requested the establishment of a compliance panel. After a number of years of work with the compliance panel, on May 31, 2012, Mexico requested that any work be suspended until further notice. The panel agreed to the request. On May 6, 2013 the panel circulated a report to the members, in which the panel had reached the conclusion that the two parties had reached a mutually satisfactory solution on April 8, 2013. As the case was settled and closed the panel issued a report that was limited to a brief description of the case and the statement of the conclusion.

11158903965315556604

Q2267988

_START_ARTICLE_ U and V-class destroyer _START_SECTION_ Notable actions _START_PARAGRAPH_ Four ships, Verulam, Venus, Vigilant and Virago, formed part of the 26th Destroyer Flotilla that ambushed and sank the Japanese cruiser Haguro, off Sumatra.

15210826816482294295

Q7876680

_START_ARTICLE_ Uche Nduka _START_PARAGRAPH_ Uche Nduka (born 14 October 1963) is a Nigerian-American poet, writer, lecturer and songwriter who was awarded the Association of Nigerian Authors Prize for Poetry in 1997. He currently lives in New York City. _START_SECTION_ Life _START_PARAGRAPH_ Uche Nduka was born in Nigeria to a Christian family. His birth name was Williams Uche Nduka, the "Africanization" of his name occurred after Dr. Juliet Okonkwo's particularly moving treatise on African "cultural nationalism". Raised bilingual in Igbo and English, he earned his BA from the University of Nigeria, Nsukka and his MFA from Long Island University, Brooklyn._NEWLINE_He left Nigeria in 1994 and settled in Germany after winning a fellowship from the Goethe Institute. He lived in Germany and Holland for the next decade and immigrated to the United States in 2007._NEWLINE_Nduka’s work is notable for its surrealist energy and political urgency. According to Joyelle McSweeney: “To my reading, all of Nduka’s work is Surreal, and in this sense it is all political. The real is not paraphrased or commented on by Surrealism but convulses through it. The real in Nduka’s work carries the resonance not only of his Nigerian identity and experience of political violence but also the dislocation of the émigré and the frightening power relations of intimacy as mapped onto the lyric.” Nduka himself has said: "So far I just like doing my own thing and not buying into the hype of either formal or informal English; traditional or avant-garde usages. I enact a language style that suits my mood and the subjects I am interested in. Linguistically it seems there are a lot of trenches that have not been explored in poems/poetry. I keep attempting to investigate them. I don’t want to feel like people expect me to write in English timidly." Nduka currently lives in Brooklyn. He is a member of *Kristiania, a Brooklyn-based literary collective. _START_SECTION_ Career _START_PARAGRAPH_ Nduka is the author of numerous collections of poetry and prose, including Nine East (2013), Ijele (2012), and eel on reef (2007), all of which were published after he arrived in the United States. Earlier collections include Heart’s Field (2005); If Only the Night (2002); Chiaroscuro (1997), which won the Association of Nigerian Authors Poetry Prize; The Bremen Poems (1995); Second Act (1994); and Flower Child (1988). Belltime Letters (2000) is a collection of prose.

10141876182929932469

Q70070177

_START_ARTICLE_ Ugyen Tshering Gyatso Bhutia _START_PARAGRAPH_ Ugyen Tshering Gyatso Bhutia is a Bharatiya Janata Party politician from Sikkim. He has been elected in Sikkim Legislative Assembly election in 2009, 2014 and 2019 from Tumin Lingee constituency as candidate of Sikkim Democratic Front but later he joined Bharatiya Janata Party.

17626221182396485756

Q992802

_START_ARTICLE_ Uis _START_SECTION_ Uis mine _START_PARAGRAPH_ Tin has been mined in the Uis region since 1922. Uis Tin Mining Company was established in 1951 and a settlement was developed in 1958 as a mine workers' residence when ISCOR, a South African mining company, started operations there and increased production. However, the ore grade at Uis is very low, and the mine, at its time the largest open-cast tin mine in the world, was viable only because South Africa, to which the territory was mandated, was economically isolated and could not buy tin on the world market. When apartheid was abolished and international sanctions were lifted the mine was no longer competitive. In 1991, the main mining operation closed down because the price of tin dropped far enough to make it un-economical. _NEWLINE_There was still minimal work progressing on the mine site. Technology had improved enough to make it worthwhile to re-process the already excavated ore that was originally discarded and there is a tiny re-processing plant located near the old mine dumps. This ore is processed to an enriched state and then taken to Walvis Bay for export. In the 2010s investments and work started again at the old mine; Today successful production is dependent on a high world market price._NEWLINE_The mine and the surrounding settlement are situated on the farm Uis Townlands No. 215 and today in private hands. The white mine spoils are visible from afar. Since 1995 Namib Base Minerals Pty Ltd is the owner, after a subsidiary of ISCOR sold it._NEWLINE_Uis still produces rare rocks and minerals. Namibia is well known as a mineral rich country and geologists come from all over the world to study in Namibia because much of the interesting geology and rare rocks are situated at ground level rather than on top of mountains or deep underground._NEWLINE_Uis is in danger of becoming a ghost town if mining cannot be continued. Uis was downgraded to "settlement" status in 2010.

11337248400316407659

Q24930940

_START_ARTICLE_ Ujaleshwar _START_SECTION_ Etymology _START_PARAGRAPH_ Ujaleshwar (in Marathi (उजळेश्वर, Ujaḷēśvar) is named after the God Ujaleshwar, also known as Shiva. Ujale (उजळे) is defined as enlightened, and Shwar (ईश्वर) translates to God. सर्वांचे कल्याण करणारा देव म्हणजे उजळेश्वर. _START_SECTION_ History _START_PARAGRAPH_ Records show that Ujaleshwar existed at the time of the Maratha empire in the 18th century. Numerous coins from the Shivaji Maharaj have been found from excavations around the village. For a sizable amount of the village's history, its inhabitants were poor and lacked opportunities to earn wages. The villagers worked on farms in nearby villages such as Tamsi and Nimbhara, since Ujaleshwar inhabitants could not support their own agriculture due to a lack of water. The Government of Maharashtra later built numerous dams in the area, enabling irrigation and farming. The village has since grown economically, providing employment opportunities for local residents. _START_SECTION_ Population _START_PARAGRAPH_ In 2011, a national census concluded that the population of Ujaleshwar was 851 with 184 families. This included 96 children 0-6 years old, 10.53% of the population. The sex ratio is 884, which is below the average sex ratio of Maharashtra State. The literacy rate is 86.52%, higher than the state's average of 82.34%. _START_SECTION_ Religion _START_PARAGRAPH_ Religions practiced in the village include Hinduism, Buddhism, and Brahmanism. _START_SECTION_ Festivals _START_PARAGRAPH_ Festivals are an important part of village life, and the people of Ujaleshwar celebrate many, including Navratri, Ganeshotsav, and Shivaji Jayani. During Navaratri Utsav, the inhabitants of Ujaleshwar perform the Garba dance. The event is particularly popular among younger men and women.

14201173733932626808

Q7878566

_START_ARTICLE_ Ukrainians in Paraguay _START_SECTION_ History _START_PARAGRAPH_ Ukrainians settled in Paraguay much later than they did in neighboring Brazil and Argentina, whose Ukrainian settlements date to the late nineteenth century. The first large groups of Ukrainians who settled in Paraguay arrived from neighboring Argentina in the late 1920s during an economic crisis in that country. These migrants had been originally from the Volhynia region in northwestern Ukraine, and named their settlement Nueva Volyn or New Volhynia. They were joined, in the late 1930s, by immigrants coming directly from the Polesia, Volhynia, Galicia and Transcarpathia regions of Ukraine. Following World War II, several hundred Ukrainian refugees arrived from displaced-persons camps in Europe as well as from the Ukrainian exile community in China and Manchuria which was forced to flee Communist invasion. The origin of most of the Ukrainian settlers have resulted in Paraguay being one of the few countries in the Ukrainian diaspora outside the former Soviet Union where the majority of people belong to the Orthodox rather than the Catholic Church. The Ukrainian immigrants gave Ukrainian names such as Nova Volyn or Tarasivka to their settlements but were forced to change those names to Spanish-language ones by the Paraguayan government. By the late 1940s there were approximately 10,000 Ukrainians living in Paraguay., currently there is an estimate of 40000 Ukrainians living in Paraguay, according to the website of the Ukrainian World Congress._NEWLINE_Subsequently, many Ukrainians from Paraguay, particularly the intelligentsia, emigrated to Argentina, Canada or the United States. Those who remained continue to attend Ukrainian Churches but have otherwise largely assimilated into Paraguayan society. Many of them have become prosperous, owning large tracts of land and leasing it to others. _START_SECTION_ Society _START_PARAGRAPH_ Itapúa is the heartland of the Ukrainian Paraguayan community. Encarnación, which boasts a Ukrainian Community Centre, an Orthodox and a Catholic church, is the centre of Ukrainian community life in Paraguay. During the late 1930s the Ukrainian Prosvita society organized Ukrainian reading rooms, libraries and community centres. The Ukrainian youth organization operated until 1955. In the 1970s, during a ceremony attended by Paraguayan dictator Alfredo Stroessner, a statue to Ukrainian poet Taras Shevchenko was unveiled in the city. Generally, Ukrainian community and cultural life - with the exception of the churches - has declined in Paraguay due to the emigration of much of the intelligentsia to Argentina and North America._NEWLINE_In terms of religion, over half of Paraguayan Ukrainians belong to the Ukrainian Autocephalous Orthodox Church. Approximately 30% belong to the Ukrainian Greek Catholic Church and the rest belong to Baptist, Stundite or Mennonite Churches. There are currently six Orthodox parishes in Paraguay.

3756513755742959995

Q2240236

_START_ARTICLE_ Ultima III: Exodus _START_SECTION_ Gameplay _START_PARAGRAPH_ Exodus featured revolutionary graphics for its time, as one of the first computer RPGs to display animated characters. Also, Exodus differs from previous games in that players now direct the actions of a party of four characters rather than just one. During regular play the characters are represented as a single player icon and move as one. However, in battle mode, each character is represented separately on a tactical battle screen, and the player alternates commands between each character in order, followed by each enemy character having a turn. This differs from the two previous games in the Ultima series in which the player is simply depicted as trading blows with one opponent on the main map until either is defeated. Enemies on the overworld map can be seen and at least temporarily avoided, while enemies in dungeons appear randomly without any forewarning._NEWLINE_The party of four that a player uses can be chosen at the beginning of the game. There is a choice between 11 classes: Fighter, Paladin, Cleric, Wizard, Ranger, Thief, Barbarian, Lark, Illusionist, Druid, and Alchemist. The player also chooses from among five races: Human, Elf, Dwarf, Bobbit, or Fuzzy. Players then assign points to their statistics: Strength, Dexterity, Intelligence, and Wisdom. The races determine limitations on maximum stat growth, and thus (in the case of Intelligence and Wisdom) maximum spellcasting ability._NEWLINE_Character classes differ in terms of fighting skill, magical abilities, and thieving abilities, with varying degrees of proficiency in each. Fighters, for example, can use all weapons and armor, but lack thieving or magic abilities; clerics can use up to maces and chain armor, and all clerical spells; Alchemists can use only daggers and cloth armor, and half wizard spells and half thieving abilities._NEWLINE_Each character begins at Level 1 and increases individually. The maximum effective level for characters is 25. Beyond this point the level will continue to increase; however the number of Hit Points is fixed at 2550. Maximum Hit Points for a character can be calculated by the following formula: HP = 100 * L + 50 (where L is the current level of the character). When a character has gained enough experience points, they must transact with Lord British for the character to level up._NEWLINE_Aside from the ability to talk to townspeople there are other commands that can be used on them. Some of the commands a player can use are bribe, steal, and fight. Bribing can be used to make certain guards go away from their post. Steal can be used on townspeople and some enemies, but can result in conflict with townspeople if caught. A player can choose to fight a townsperson, but it will prompt the guards to chase after your characters, which always come in parties of eight and are very difficult to defeat. You can also choose to fight Lord British, but he cannot be killed, thus resulting in a long, drawn-out fight that the player will ultimately lose. Lord British can be temporarily killed by cannon fire from a ship in the castle moat, but exiting and re-entering the castle restores him._NEWLINE_Unlike the two previous Ultima games, which had wire-frame first-person dungeons, Exodus dungeons are solid-3D in appearance and integrated into the game's plot. Dungeons are necessary to obtain certain marks that are needed to finish the game. Each dungeon has 8 levels, and the deeper the level the more challenging the enemies. Note: the monsters that are spawned in dungeons are not based on character level as the overworld monsters are; rather, they are based on the dungeon level they are encountered in, so going too deep into certain dungeons may be too hard for characters in the early stages of the game. One can find many chests (with gold, weapons, and armor) inside dungeons, but many of them are trapped. Aside from chests and marks, one can find fountains in dungeons: some heal, some cure, and some poison. Peering at Gems allows you to see a map of a given dungeon level; torches or light-casting spells are necessary to be able to see inside dungeons._NEWLINE_There are three modes of travel in the game: on foot, horseback, and boat. Getting around on foot is slow and can often lead to monsters catching up to you. Horseback gives you the advantage of moving faster while consuming less food, making getting away from unwanted fights easier. Getting a boat requires players to reach a certain level so that pirate ships begin appearing. Once a pirate ship is defeated, the boat belongs to the player. Obtaining a boat is necessary in order to visit the island of Ambrosia, and to reach Exodus and thus win the game._NEWLINE_By denying the player the ability to see what's behind mountain peaks, forests, and walls, the overland maps contain many small surprises such as hidden treasure, secret paths, and out-of-the-way informants. The look of the game is no longer based on certain characteristics of the Apple II hardware; it is rather a carefully designed screen layout._NEWLINE_Beating the game requires the player to get all four marks and all four prayer cards. Once you get to the altar of Exodus, you insert the cards in a particular order, and thus defeat Exodus. _START_SECTION_ Plot _START_PARAGRAPH_ After Ultima II: The Revenge of the Enchantress was set on Earth, the story of Exodus returns the player to Sosaria, the world of Ultima I. The game is named for its chief villain, Exodus, a creation of Minax and Mondain that the series later describes as neither human nor machine. Although a demonic figure appears on the cover of the game, Exodus turns out to something like a computer (possibly an artificial intelligence) and to defeat him the player has to acquire four magic (punch)cards and insert them into the mainframe in a specific order._NEWLINE_At the beginning of the game, Exodus is terrorizing the land of Sosaria from his stronghold on the Isle of Fire. The player is summoned by Lord British to defeat Exodus, and embarks on a quest that takes him to the lost land of Ambrosia, to the depths of the dungeons of Sosaria to receive powerful magical branding marks and to find the mysterious Time Lord, and finally to the Isle of Fire itself to confront Exodus in his lair._NEWLINE_The game ends immediately upon Exodus' defeat; but unlike many games in the genre, Exodus cannot simply be killed in battle by a strong party of adventurers, but only through puzzle-solving and by paying attention to the clues given throughout the game. At the end of the game, players were instructed to "REPORT THY VICTORY!" to Origin. Those who did so received a certificate of completion autographed by Richard Garriott._NEWLINE_Places in the game such as Ambrosia and the Isle of Fire make appearances in later games, such as Ultima VII and Ultima Online. _START_SECTION_ Reception and legacy _START_PARAGRAPH_ Over 120,000 copies of Ultima III were sold, and Video magazine listed the game seventh on its list of best selling video games in March 1985 with II Computing listing it fifth on the magazine's list of top Apple II games as of late 1985, based on sales and market-share data._NEWLINE_Exodus is credited as a game that laid the foundation for the role-playing video game genre, influencing games such as Dragon Quest and Final Fantasy. In turn, Exodus was itself influenced by Wizardry, which Richard Garriot credited as the inspiration behind the party-based combat in his game. Computer Gaming World stated in February 1994 that Exodus "was the game that became known as Ultima to hundreds of thousands of cartridge gamers"._NEWLINE_Softline stated that Ultima III "far surpasses" its predecessors, praising the "masterfully unified" plot and individual tactical combat. The magazine concluded that the game "upgrades the market; in several ways it sets new standards for the fantasy gaming state of the art. Happily, it also shows us a maturing artistic discipline on the part of its imaginative author". Computer Gaming World's Scorpia in 1983 called Ultima III "unquestionably the best in the series so far ... many hours of enjoyment (and frustration!)", although she criticized the ending as anticlimactic. The magazine's Patricia Fitzgibbons in 1985 reviewed the Macintosh version. She complimented its graphics but criticized the audio, and stated that the game did not adequately use the computer's user interface, describing using the mouse as "aggravating". Fitzgibbons concluded "Even though the Mac conversion is far from ideal, Ultima III is a very enjoyable game, and well worth its hefty price". In 1993 Scorpia stated that Ultima III was the best of the first trilogy, and that its "surprisingly quiet and nonviolent" defeat of the villain presaged the later games' "resolutions that are less combative in spirit". The magazine stated in February 1994 that Exodus "was really the first [Ultima] to have a coherent plot beyond the typical dungeon romp"._NEWLINE_Compute! in 1984 stated that Ultima III "ushers in an exciting new era of fantasy role-playing. The combination of superb graphics, music, and excellent playability makes Exodus a modern-day masterpiece". It noted the cloth map and the extensive documentation, the "thrilling" 3-D dungeons, the game's use of time, and the spell system. The magazine concluded, "Lord British has outdone himself with his latest work of art ... a delight to play". INFO stated that "Lord British's latest offering is also his best ... Many wonderful hours will be spent unravelling its secrets". The magazine gave the Amiga version four stars compared to five stars for the 64 version, stating that "the graphics and user interface could have been better Amiga-tized". The Chicago Tribune called Ultima III "one of the best" computer games, providing "an epic adventure which can last for months". Famitsu reviewed the 1987 Famicom remake and scored it 32 out of 40._NEWLINE_In 1984 Softline readers named the game the third most-popular Apple and eighth most-popular Atari program of 1983. It won the Adventure Game of the Year prize in Computer Gaming World's 1985 reader poll, about which the editors wrote "Although Ultima III has been out well over a year, we feel that it is still the best game of its kind." With a score of 7.55 out of 10, in 1988 Ultima III was among the first members of the Computer Gaming World Hall of Fame, honoring those games rated highly over time by readers. In 1996, the magazine ranked it as the 144th best game of all time, featuring "one of the nastiest villains to grace a computer screen"._NEWLINE_The demon figure that appeared on the front of the box caused some religious fundamentalists to protest. They made accusations that the game was corrupting the youth of America and encouraging Satan worshiping. This, along with other factors, led Richard Garriott to develop his next game (Ultima IV) based on the virtues the Ultima series became famous for.

16815128999018258347

Q4911752

_START_ARTICLE_ Ultraman Cosmos vs. Ultraman Justice: The Final Battle _START_SECTION_ Plot _START_PARAGRAPH_ While EYES prepare to safely transport the world's monsters to a far off planet where they will no longer be troubled by humans, an army of giant alien robots, called Gloker Pawns appear to stop the project. Cosmos arrives in time to temporarily stop the attack when Ultraman Justice enters the battle aiding the alien invaders. Cosmos is defeated by Justice and the aliens destroy the spacecraft that were to be used as transports for the monsters. It becomes apparent that these aliens don't want Earth's species to leave the planet._NEWLINE_With Cosmos out of the way the invaders begin an onslaught against the Earth's major cities. Every attack is witnessed by a mysterious woman in black who shows no emotion and no desire to interact with any of the victims. Without Cosmos the world is defenseless._NEWLINE_It is soon revealed that the mysterious woman Julie is Ultraman Justice in disguise who has been sent by a Universal peace-keeping organisation called the Universal Justice to oversee their plans. Justice appears at a meeting of top level EYES leaders to deliver a message from the organisation: In the near future life on Earth will become a threat to peace in the galaxy from the conclusion of the incident of Sandros (see 2nd movie). The aliens have come to destroy all life on Earth then restart it with new species that will be more acceptable to the other planets with their ultimate weapon, a massive space craft called Giga Endra. The destruction of Earth will begin in 35 hours and there will be no negotiations. As the Earth's forces try to stop the advance of Giga Endra, nothing in their weapons are powerful enough to so much as scratch it. EYES at this time tried to protect the people from the wrath of Gloker Pawns while putting all their efforts in getting a communication with Delaxion, one of the higher officials of the organisation in order to convince her to stop the attack._NEWLINE_Through interaction with a kind young girl and her puppy, Justice is able to see the good in mankind that Cosmos mentioned as two Gloker Pawns combine to form the Gloker Rook as they're being attacked by Earth's monsters and defeat them. Justice attacks the Gloker Rook and after a fierce battle, with EYES' help and changing into his Crusher Mode, destroys the robot with Crusher Victorium Ray. But the aliens release their next robot, the Gloker Bishop. Try as he might, Justice is not strong enough to defeat it but Cosmos' friends combine their energies to resurrect Cosmos. Holding no bad will against Justice, Cosmos changed into Future Form and recharged Justice and the two take on the Bishop._NEWLINE_With the combined efforts of the Ultramen,the Gloker Bishop is overcome and all is left is the life resetter, Giga Endra. The massive robot cannon is far too powerful for the duo to overcome and killed the two. But they were combined to form Ultraman Legend. The super Ultraman catches Giga Endra's resetter beam and pushes back before losing his ultimate move, the Light of Legend (The Spark Legend), and obliterating Giga Endra. With Giga Endra destroyed, Delaxion appeared before Ultraman Legend, asking him why the legendary warrior is going that far to protect the life on Earth. Legend then split back into Cosmos and Justice which both of them convinced the Universal Justice to retreat their forces. Before fully retreat, Delaxion stated that they should believe in the warriors of light as well as the humans who keep on sending messages to Delaxion herself._NEWLINE_In the ending scene, Julie and Musashi was eating sweet bits given by the girl she saved. Musashi's friends wave to him and leave Julie behind. She smiled to him and everyone in the end of the scene.

18260406774169381062

Q7881998

_START_ARTICLE_ Un Neung _START_PARAGRAPH_ Un Neung is a Cambodian politician. He belongs to the Cambodian People's Party and was elected to represent Kampong Thom Province in the National Assembly of Cambodia in 2003.

3264371570158664554

Q7882372

_START_ARTICLE_ Unbelievable (Diamond Rio song) _START_SECTION_ Critical reception _START_PARAGRAPH_ Deborah Evans Price, of Billboard magazine reviewed the song favorably saying that the lyric is fun and the track "sparkles with the band's musicianship, from the frisky piano to the infectious guitar work." She also says that "one has to admire lead vocalist Marty Roe's ability to deliver the rapid-fire chorus without missing a syllable. _START_SECTION_ Music video _START_PARAGRAPH_ The music video was directed by Deaton Flanigen and premiered on September 10, 1998 on CMT.

14753541942604219637

Q3352441

_START_ARTICLE_ Uncial 0183 _START_SECTION_ Description _START_PARAGRAPH_ The codex contains a small parts of the First Epistle to the Thessalonians 3:6-9; 4:1-5, on one parchment leaf (26 cm by 16 cm). The text is written in one column per page, 28 lines per page, in uncial letters._NEWLINE_The Greek text of this codex is a representative of the Alexandrian text-type, with many singular omissions. Aland placed it in Category III._NEWLINE_Currently it is dated by the INTF to the 7th century. According to Karl Wessely it was found in Fayyum._NEWLINE_The codex currently is housed at the Austrian National Library (Pap. G. 39785) in Vienna.

18054104603991878746

Q17005235

_START_ARTICLE_ Unida Church _START_SECTION_ History _START_PARAGRAPH_ The Church formed from the merger of six Filipino evangelical groups of Presbyterian and Methodist background, who met in Manila through the invitation of Don Toribio Teodoro, a layman and industrialist who was a member of the Iglesia Evangelica de los Cristianos Filipinos (Evangelical Church of the Filipino Christians). A church union was declared on 3 January 1932 at the Manila Grand Opera House._NEWLINE_In May 2012, Unida Church celebrated its 80th founding anniversary at the Cuneta Astrodome._NEWLINE_The denomination has since grown to 25,000 members in some 82 congregations and 60 mission churches, with churches concentrated in Metro Manila, Southern Tagalog, Bulacan, and the Bicolandia; several congregations in the Northern Philippines, Visayas and Mindanao; and overseas congregations in Canada and Qatar._NEWLINE_The church is a member of the World Communion of Reformed Churches. The Temple and Main Office of the UNIDA Church, known as the Unida Christian Center, is located at Silang, Cavite, Philippines.

1735161960221657943

Q7884997

_START_ARTICLE_ Uniform 1 k2 polytope _START_PARAGRAPH_ In geometry, 1ₖ₂ polytope is a uniform polytope in n-dimensions (n = k+4) constructed from the Eₙ Coxeter group. The family was named by their Coxeter symbol 1ₖ₂ by its bifurcating Coxeter-Dynkin diagram, with a single ring on the end of the 1-node sequence. It can be named by an extended Schläfli symbol {3,3k,2}.

18403800560717278917

Q12523268

_START_ARTICLE_ Unique Priscilla _START_SECTION_ Biography _START_PARAGRAPH_ Unique Priscilla was born in Jakarta (21 September 1970) to Kusbanu Hadisoemarto from Madiun and Baby Maureen of Ambon, she is the eldest of two children of the couple. she began her modeling career in 1985 for the fashion magazine, Covergirl._NEWLINE_She graduated in 1993 from the University of Kansas in School of Journalism and Mass Communications. Before becoming an actress, she started her career as a TV presenter for television channels RCTI and SCTV. She was chosen by director Garin Nugroho in 1996 to star in the TV movie Angin Rumput Savana, the film won in 1997 the award for best TV drama at the Singapore Film Festival. _START_SECTION_ Personal life _START_PARAGRAPH_ Unique Priscilla met actor Bucek Depp in 1997 on the set of the series Anak Menteng, they were married on 6 January 2001 by the laws of the Islam and Christianity. This interfaith marriage ended in divorce because of Bucek's repetitive cheating, which led him to leave home early in January 2007. The two had a daughter together, Arla Ailani Muchtar, who went to live with her mother after the collapse of their household._NEWLINE_She quickly married again in 2008 with Aminzar Rifky Zarkoni (born 14 May 1968), the Director of PT. Odira ENERGY Persada, a company that participates in the development of oil and natural gas in Indonesia. The couple had a son, Daniel Altan Nubuane, born in 2009._NEWLINE_Her family property located in Ciputat, Tangerang, has over forty-five different species of animals including tigers, leopards and bears. Her late father had been thus nicknamed by the neighborhood "Si Raja Hutan" ("The King of the Jungle") because of this exotic collection.

5313830212321549250

Q7886963

_START_ARTICLE_ Uniqueness Database File _START_PARAGRAPH_ In Microsoft Windows system administration, a Uniqueness Database File (UDF) is a text file that enables the administrator to supply the information that must be unique to each computer or each user. Used in conjunction with a single answer file, when Windows XP Professional is deployed to several client computers that require different setup configurations.

11395369113837103827

Q7886969

_START_ARTICLE_ Uniqueness type _START_SECTION_ Introduction _START_PARAGRAPH_ Uniqueness typing is best explained using an example. Consider a function readLine that reads the next line of text from a given file:_NEWLINE_ function readLine(File f) returns String_NEWLINE_ return line where_NEWLINE_ String line = doImperativeReadLineSystemCall(f)_NEWLINE_ end_NEWLINE_ end_NEWLINE_Now doImperativeReadLineSystemCall reads the next line from the file using an OS-level system call which has the side effect of changing the current position in the file. But this violates referential transparency because calling it multiple times with the same argument will return different results each time as the current position in the file gets moved. This in turn makes readLine violate referential transparency because it calls doImperativeReadLineSystemCall._NEWLINE_However, using uniqueness typing, we can construct a new version of readLine that is referentially transparent even though it's built on top of a function that's not referentially transparent:_NEWLINE_ function readLine2(unique File f) returns (unique File, String)_NEWLINE_ return (differentF, line) where_NEWLINE_ String line = doImperativeReadLineSystemCall(f)_NEWLINE_ File differentF = newFileFromExistingFile(f)_NEWLINE_ end_NEWLINE_ end_NEWLINE_The unique declaration specifies that the type of f is unique; that is to say that f may never be referred to again by the caller of readLine2 after readLine2 returns, and this restriction is enforced by the type system. And since readLine2 does not return f itself but rather a new, different file object differentF, this means that it's impossible for readLine2 to be called with f as an argument ever again, thus preserving referential transparency while allowing for side effects to occur. _START_SECTION_ Programming languages _START_PARAGRAPH_ Uniqueness types are implemented functional programming languages such as Clean, Mercury, SAC and Idris. They are sometimes used for doing I/O operations in functional languages in lieu of monads._NEWLINE_A compiler extension has been developed for the Scala programming language which uses annotations to handle uniqueness in the context of message passing between actors. _START_SECTION_ Relationship to linear typing _START_PARAGRAPH_ A unique type is very similar to a linear type, to the point that the terms are often used interchangeably, but there is in fact a distinction: actual linear typing allows a non-linear value to be typecast to a linear form, while still retaining multiple references to it. Uniqueness guarantees that a value has no other references to it, while linearity guarantees that no more references can be made to a value.

3869857970396346849

Q2159189

_START_ARTICLE_ United Nations Security Council Resolution 1802 _START_SECTION_ Resolution _START_PARAGRAPH_ The Security Council this morning extended the mandate of the United Nations Mission in Timor-Leste (UNMIT) for one year, until 26 February 2009, at the current authorized levels and condemned in the strongest possible terms the attacks on the President and Prime-Minister of Timor-Leste on 11 February as an attack on the legitimate institutions of the country._NEWLINE_The Council called on the Government of Timor-Leste to bring to justice those responsible for the 11 February attacks and for the people to remain calm, exercise restraint and maintain stability in the country._NEWLINE_The Council further called upon the Government, assisted by the United Nations Mission in Timor-Leste, to continue working on a comprehensive review of the future role and needs of the security sector. It requested UNMIT, working with partners, to intensify the efforts to assist with further training, mentoring, institutional development, and strengthening of the National Police Force of Timor-Leste (PNTL)._NEWLINE_The Council unanimously adopted resolution 1802 (2008), submitted by Australia, New Zealand, Portugal and South Africa, after it had heard recommendations on the Mission by Under-Secretary-General for Peacekeeping Operations Jean-Marie Guéhenno and Timor-Leste’s Permanent Representative to the United Nations, Nelson Santos, on 21 February.

727038814758454261

Q2004902

_START_ARTICLE_ United Nations Transition Assistance Group _START_SECTION_ South African rule _START_PARAGRAPH_ During World War I, South Africa occupied German South West Africa, present-day Namibia. After the war, South Africa was granted the League of Nations Mandate to administer the territory of South West Africa as a colony. South Africa ran the country as if it were simply another province, granting it political representation in the South African Parliament (though under discriminatory apartheid restrictions), and integrating it economically into the country. Though there was talk of official union, the government never officially acted to annex the territory._NEWLINE_After World War II, when the United Nations superseded the League of Nations, South Africa refused to accept a UN Trusteeship over South West Africa and simultaneously declared the League Mandate void, as the League no longer existed. The International Court of Justice (ICJ) declared that though South Africa had no legal obligation to accept the trusteeship, it also had no legal right to void the Mandate. _START_SECTION_ Fighting begins _START_PARAGRAPH_ In 1966, the UN General Assembly revoked South Africa's Mandate and declared South West Africa to be under UN administration until it could gain independence. Also in 1966, SWAPO, which had become the preeminent nationalist organization in Namibia in the early 1960s, begin to launch guerrilla attacks from Zambia with its military wing, known as the People's Liberation Army of Namibia (PLAN). The first skirmish between PLAN and the South African Defence Force (SADF) in what became known as the Namibian War of Independence took place on 26 August 1966 at Omugulugwombashe Over the next few years, there followed a series of General Assembly resolutions concerning the territory including one, in 1968 renaming it Namibia, and many others condemning the South African occupation and calling for elections. The UN Security Council endorsed the actions of the General Assembly in United Nations Security Council Resolution 264 of 1969. Meanwhile, South Africa went about creating its own regime in Namibia, without free elections or international participation._NEWLINE_In 1975, Angola, Namibia's northern neighbour, gained its independence from Portugal and a coalition government took over there. However, the coalition quickly broke down and the Angolan Civil War began. The United States and South Africa supported one group, the National Union for the Total independence of Angola (UNITA), the Soviet Union backed the People's Movement for the Liberation of Angola (MPLA), and the People's Republic of China supported the National Liberation Front of Angola (FNLA). The MPLA occupied the capital and the economically crucial oil fields with the help of Cuban troops and was soon recognized as the legitimate government by many countries, although UNITA and FNLA united and continued to control large swaths of the country. The MPLA allowed SWAPO to establish bases on Angolan soil from which to launch attacks on the SADF and other targets. _START_SECTION_ UN response _START_PARAGRAPH_ On 30 January 1976 the Security Council adopted Resolution 385 which declared that it was imperative to hold free elections under UN supervision and control for the whole of Namibia as one political entity. Because South Africa did not initially accept the plan, the five Western members of the Security Council (the Contact Group) held a series of talks with the "Frontline States", SWAPO, South Africa and the UN Commissioner for Namibia, Martti Ahtisaari, until a "proposal for a settlement of the Namibian situation" was eventually agreed between the negotiators and presented to the Security Council on 10 April 1978. _START_SECTION_ Settlement proposal _START_PARAGRAPH_ The settlement proposal contained a negotiated compromise. Described as a "working arrangement" which would "in no way constitute recognition of the legality of the South African presence in and administration of Namibia", it allowed South Africa, through an Administrator-General designated by it, to administer elections, but under United Nations supervision and control exercised through a Special Representative of the Secretary-General, who would be assisted by a "United Nations Transition Assistance Group" (UNTAG). Later in 1978, the UN Security Council approved a resolution with a specific, timetabled plan for SADF withdrawal and Namibian elections and authorized UNTAG, with a combined military and civilian force, to facilitate the transition to independence. The plan depended on an agreement on a so-called "D-Day" for the beginning of the ceasefire. However, by that point, South Africa had been drawn into the conflict in Angola in an attempt to crack down on the SWAPO insurgency and made a new demand: the so-called "linkage" of the withdrawal of Cuban troops from Angola and their withdrawal from Namibia. Other issues, such as the composition of the UNTAG forces and the status of Namibia's important port Walvis Bay also kept the parties from reaching an agreement on a ceasefire date._NEWLINE_Talks stagnated during the following decade as the civil war in Angola continued. It was not until 1988 that Cuba, Angola, and South Africa came to an agreement, called the "Tripartite Accord" or the "New York Accords," mediated by US Assistant Secretary of State Chester Crocker. A series of meetings starting in London and culminating in Geneva, resulted in a ceasefire agreement set to begin on 8 August 1988. A final meeting in Brazzaville, Congo set 1 April 1989 as "D-Day" when the implementation of United Nations Security Council Resolution 435 would begin. The New York Accords between Cuba, Angola and South Africa were formally signed at UN headquarters in New York City on 22 December 1988, officially ending the South African Border War though the ceasefire collapsed in Angola several months later. _START_SECTION_ Approval _START_PARAGRAPH_ The Security Council expressed concern about the cost of implementing the resolution, as the UN had been suffering from a severe financial crisis in the late 1980s. However, several groups, including the Organization for African Unity (OAU), the Non-Aligned Movement, and SWAPO objected to a reduction in the size of the force from the number set in 1978. As a compromise, United Nations Secretary General, Javier Pérez de Cuéllar, decided to decrease the initial deployment from 7000 to 4650, leaving the additional 2350 stationed in their home countries to be deployed if requested by the commanding officer and approved by the head of UNTAG, the Secretary-General, and the Security Council. In place of these soldiers extra police observers and military observers were added to the mission._NEWLINE_Finally, on 9 February 1989, the Secretary General presented the Security Council with a resolution along with a statement of urgency, saying that everything must be done quickly if all the plans in Resolution 435 were to be carried out on schedule. The Security Council approved the mission on 16 February 1989 in United Nations Security Council Resolution 632. The General Assembly however did not approve the budget for the mission until 1 March 1989 and, due to continuing financial problems, even then the UN did not have reserve funds to begin making requests to member states. Full deployment of UNTAG was delayed by nearly a full month. _START_SECTION_ Mandate _START_PARAGRAPH_ The UNTAG mandate under Resolution 435 was primarily to create an environment suitable for free and fair elections for a constituent assembly to draft a constitution for the nation. The entire mission was under the control of the Special Representative, Martti Ahtisaari. The military component was commanded by Lieutenant-General Dewan Prem Chand of India. UNTAG was based in Windhoek, Namibia's capital and largest city. _START_SECTION_ D-Day setback _START_PARAGRAPH_ On 1 April 1989—"D-Day" for the peace plan—UNTAG was still not fully deployed and the units that were deployed, mostly civilians and monitors, lacked equipment for both transportation and communication. Despite this, hopes were high, as the informal ceasefire had held for nearly seven months. However, in the early morning, SADF reported that heavily armed groups of PLAN fighters had begun crossing the border and establishing positions in northern Namibia in violations of the agreement that they should be confined to their Angolan bases. SWAPO initially denied that it had violated the terms of the agreement, and claimed that its fighters had been going to turn in weapons to UNTAG and had been attacked by the SADF._NEWLINE_UNTAG's head, Martti Ahtisaari, came under pressure from British prime minister, Margaret Thatcher, who was visiting Southern Africa at the time, and from South African foreign minister, Pik Botha, to allow SADF forces to leave their bases and repel the SWAPO incursions. Ahtisaari quickly decided to allow a limited deployment. He would later describe this decision as his most difficult:_NEWLINE_"We were in a restraining business, not releasing troops but trying to restrain them. Otherwise, the entire South African military might have gone after the Namibian guerrillas, and I think they might have gone into Angola. By limiting South African retaliation to half a dozen army battalions and police units, the transition process was ultimately saved."_NEWLINE_A period of intense fighting followed resulting in the deaths of at least 263 guerrillas and 27 South Africans. Tense and rushed negotiations at Mount Etjo, a safari lodge in central Namibia, ended with a recommitment from both sides to the peace process and the leader of SWAPO, Sam Nujoma, calling for all SWAPO fighters to return to their bases in Angola. However, the SADF maintained positions very close to UNTAG collection points for SWAPO fighters and most therefore refused to approach and rejected UNTAG escorts. Clashes continued between SADF troops and SWAPO forces claiming to be returning to Angola. A new agreement was reached on 20 April 1989 when SADF forces withdrew to base for 60 hours, allowing SWAPO forces to withdraw peacefully. The SADF then had two weeks to confirm that SWAPO had indeed left Namibia and also to capture any weapons caches discovered._NEWLINE_The renewed fighting and Ahtisaari's decision to allow South African forces out of their barracks, caused a backlash, particularly among African nations. In response, the UN increased the number of police and appointed Joseph Legwaila of Botswana to be Mr. Ahtisaari's Deputy. After the Etjo agreement, the withdrawal and verification passed without incident and by the end UNTAG was almost fully deployed, albeit a month behind schedule. _START_SECTION_ Ceasefire reestablished _START_PARAGRAPH_ Despite the delay caused by the fighting of early April, the withdrawal of South African military personnel continued on schedule, with troops confined to base by 13 May and reduced to the agreed upon 1500 by 24 June 1989. UNTAG also confirmed a second disarmament of sizable militia, primarily the 22,000 strong South West African Territorial Force and the 11,000 local "citizen forces". These were made up of South African-paid and controlled militia, who had been disarmed and disbanded before 1 April, but were called up again to fight in the early April clashes. By 1 June, they had been demobilized once again._NEWLINE_UNTAG was also charged with monitoring the SWAPO forces based in southern Angola and, despite numerous charges, mostly from the South Africans, that they were massing at the border or violating the border agreements, these allegations were denied by UNTAG._NEWLINE_After the restriction of the SADF to base, the South West African Police (SWAPOL) were the only South African controlled force in Namibia and also the main forces maintaining law and order in the province. The UNTAG police forces were hard pressed to monitor all of the police forces, which were not always perfectly cooperative. There were numerous reports of police misbehavior, though they decreased over the course of the UNTAG deployment. Former members of the Koevoet, a paramilitary counter-insurgency group that was disbanded in 1989 and incorporated into SWAPOL, proved to be the most problematic. According to the UN report, for the first several months, the former Koevoet units travelled heavily armed and were often reported to have behaved violently and engaged in intimidation, just as they had during the insurgency._NEWLINE_As these reports came in, UNTAG began negotiations with AG Pienaar and the South African Government, demanding that all South African forces in Namibia be lightly armed and that the former Koevoet forces and command structures be done away with, since most of the Koevoet personnel were not trained as police. South Africa claimed, however, that the massing of SWAPO forces at the border demanded the former Koevoet forces. These forces were finally disbanded 1 September 1989, several weeks before the election. _START_SECTION_ Election preparations _START_PARAGRAPH_ The ultimate goal of the mission was to organize free and fair elections for a Constituent Assembly which would write a constitution for the nation. In preparation, a number of legal changes were demanded. On 12 June, AG Pienaar proclaimed a general amnesty for Namibians living abroad, and repealed or amended 56 discriminatory laws. He also authorised the release of political prisoners and captured combatants, who were resettled under UNTAG's supervision. SWAPO was also required to release captured members of South African security forces. Both SWAPO and South Africa claimed that the other side continued to hold prisoners, accusations repeatedly denied by each. Alleged detention locations were searched by UNTAG personnel and the lists of missing persons were examined and eventually reduced to just over 300 unaccounted for individuals. Refugees were also assisted after the amnesty. Many were airlifted into the country, registered, and given aid. The repatriation and resettlement of refugees was one of the most widely celebrated and successful functions of UNTAG, while the conflict over the release of prisoners was one of the most difficult._NEWLINE_After rejecting the election law proposed by AG Pienaar as seriously flawed, UNTAG officials with the input of the leaders of the political parties drew up rules for political parties defining their role in the new democracy in Namibia. The UN Secretary-General also made a trip to Namibia, meeting with the political leaders encouraging national unity. UNTAG members and the political parties met with political leaders at all levels, to ensure that intimidation, vote buying, and other irregularities were not encouraged and to communicate that they would not be tolerated by the election observers or the party leaders. The Group also sponsored television, radio, and print media in a number of local languages aimed at educating the people about their rights and responsibilities in the upcoming election and in democracy._NEWLINE_UNTAG was also responsible for registering voters all over the vast and sparsely populated country. 70 registration centers were set up along with 110 mobile registration teams for the more remote areas. All Namibians over 18 were eligible to vote and registration exceeded expectations, illustrating enthusiasm across the country for the elections. UNTAG also registered ten political parties for the election. Over 350 polling stations were set up across the country and personnel from the police, military, civilian elements of UNTAG were set on election monitoring duty, along with hundreds of extra election specialists contributed from more than 25 member states._NEWLINE_In the months leading up to the elections, complaints came from several quarters, including SWAPO, the US, NGOs, and UNTAG itself, of police intimidation practices and even preparation for vote rigging._NEWLINE_Voting took place over a five-day period from 7–11 November. Voting went smoothly with reports of intimidation decreasing as the election approached and no violence reported during the election. Voters stood in lines up to half a mile long in some places to vote, but in the end participation of 97% was reported with only slightly more than 1% of ballots being declared invalid. The election was declared free and fair by all the international observer groups present and the UN Special Representative, Martti Ahtisaari. _START_SECTION_ Results _START_PARAGRAPH_ SWAPO won the elections with 57% of the votes, short of the two-thirds majority needed to control the constitutional process entirely. A Constituent Assembly based on the results of the election met to consider a draft Constitution, which was adopted on 9 February 1990. The Assembly determined that 21 March 1990 would be Namibia's independence day._NEWLINE_After the elections, AG Pienaar continued his role alongside UN Special Representative Ahtisaari and UNTAG. One of Pienaar's final acts was to amend the amnesty against future prosecution granted to Namibian exiles in June 1989 to cover anyone, including South African officials, militia, and the SADF for crimes committed in during the war._NEWLINE_In the months after the election, UNTAG forces were slowly drawn down and the final SADF forces were withdrawn. By the independence day, all UNTAG forces had been left with the exception of some Kenyan troops who remained to train the new Namibian Army under an independent agreement. Several UN diplomatic personnel also stayed to assist the newly independent state._NEWLINE_UNTAG was considered very successful by the UN and its member states. Namibia became a democracy, without the racial segregation seen under the apartheid system. The security problems had decreased during the UNTAG deployment and the elections had gone off better than expected. Despite tensions, after the elections, the Namibian and South African governments had established formal diplomatic relations. Furthermore, worries about costs were proven unfounded as UNTAG was well under the original budget of US$700 million, and even well under the reduced budget passed by the Security Council of US$416 million, costing less than US$368.6 million. There were 19 fatalities to UN personnel in just over a year.

2870967380635671339

Q693965

_START_ARTICLE_ United States women's national water polo team _START_SECTION_ Minor tournaments _START_PARAGRAPH_ The United States is usually represented by a U20 team in these competitions.

12068664021997851743

Q20024696

_START_ARTICLE_ Universidad del Mar _START_PARAGRAPH_ The Universidad del Mar (UMAR) is a public university in Oaxaca, Mexico founded in 1991. The university is a teaching and research facility, with six research institutes. Bachelor's degrees and masters of science degrees are offered. It has three campuses, all on the Pacific coast. They are in Huatulco, Puerto Escondido, and Puerto Angel. In addition, it has a tourism training center in Oaxaca City._NEWLINE_The university ranks 44th in research among Mexico universities.

1195561811033768833

Q1007777

_START_ARTICLE_ University of Aizu _START_SECTION_ Description _START_PARAGRAPH_ The University of Aizu is in Aizuwakamatsu city in Fukushima prefecture, Japan._NEWLINE_The university specializes in computer science education, both hardware and software, at the undergraduate and postgraduate levels. It is known for its open access to computers; there is a 1:1 ratio of computers to students, and students have access to a computer 24 hours a day. Additionally, the computers are replaced every three years, so the available computer equipment is always recent technology._NEWLINE_ _NEWLINE_In addition to computer science, English language education is an important aspect of the University of Aizu. The university is officially bilingual and all official meetings and correspondence are interpreted and translated. Approximately 40% of professors come from overseas, including countries such as Vietnam, India, South Korea, Canada, United States, Russia and China. Not only do students enroll in English courses throughout their undergraduate programs, many of their computer science courses are taught in English. Students are required to write a graduation thesis in English. The university has international students at the masters and doctoral levels._NEWLINE_In 2005, the University of Aizu was chosen by the Japanese government, along with 20 other universities, to be a national center responsible for the improvement of international education. In this role, the University of Aizu carries out computer science research in collaboration with foreign universities such as Shanghai University, China and Saint Petersburg State University, Russia. The University of Aizu has research ties with many universities overseas, has international staff, and accepts students from abroad._NEWLINE_The president is Ryuichi Oka. _START_SECTION_ Super Global University _START_PARAGRAPH_ In September 2014, the Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science and Technology (MEXT) selected the University of Aizu as one among 37 universities for the Top Global University Project. _START_SECTION_ Campuses _START_PARAGRAPH_ The university is located on a 20 hectare campus in Aizu-Wakamatsu, Fukushima. The university has sports and swimming facilities, and numerous playing fields.

13748330228226801481

Q7895668

_START_ARTICLE_ University of Manitoba Grads _START_PARAGRAPH_ University of Manitoba Grads were a senior men's amateur ice hockey team. They represented Canada at the 1931 World Ice Hockey Championships where they won the gold medal by defeating the United States team (represented by the Boston Hockey Club) by a final score of 2 - 0._NEWLINE_The 1931 University of Manitoba Grads were inducted into the Manitoba Hockey Hall of Fame in the team category.

11646130820153119563

Q7896231

_START_ARTICLE_ University of San Carlos Museum _START_SECTION_ History _START_PARAGRAPH_ The University of San Carlos Museum has been operating as early as 1952 but it was only in April 23, 1967 that inauguration rites for the museum was conducted which was graced by Verbite priest and then University of San Carlos President, Rudolf Rahmann and then First Lady Imelda Marcos. In 1967, the museum then occupied just two classrooms and another room. By 2017, it was occupying the ground floor wings of the Arthur Dingman Building along P. Del Rosario Street at USC's Downtown Campus _START_SECTION_ Collection _START_PARAGRAPH_ According to an inventory made in 1988 by then USC Museum curator Jane Calderon-Hayhow, the museum's collection comprises 9,606 artifacts, objects and specimens.

6327503726454194608

Q6120110

_START_ARTICLE_ University of Toronto Mississauga _START_SECTION_ History _START_PARAGRAPH_ The site of the campus is the former estate of Reginald Watkins, which was acquired by the University of Toronto in 1965. Founded as Erindale College in 1965, construction of the University's main building began in 1966. Although this building was originally meant to be temporary, the building remained until 2016 as part of the North Building. In 1998, Erindale College was rebranded as University of Toronto Mississauga._NEWLINE_In 2007, UTM celebrated its 40th anniversary, a milestone which was capped off with the grand opening of the Hazel McCallion Academic Learning Centre on June 2, 2007. _START_SECTION_ Campus _START_PARAGRAPH_ The campus consists of a number of buildings arranged across a large, treed lot. The surrounding suburban neighbourhood (the Mississauga Road area and the Credit Woodlands) is a fairly affluent section of the city of Mississauga. The largest building was built as a megalithic structure, predominantly out of concrete, as was typical of the brutalist architecture style of the late 1960s. It was one of architect Raymond Moriyama's first major commissions. Other buildings were added over the decades, and with the enlarged enrollment at the beginning of the new millennium, the pace of construction increased._NEWLINE_In September 2014, UTM opened Deerfield Hall, the first phase of the two-phase reconstruction of the North Building. It features four storeys with theatre rehearsal space, computer labs, classrooms, offices, formal and informal study space and an expanded food services area. The North Building Phase B—a 210,000-square-foot, six-storey structure—is scheduled to open in summer 2018._NEWLINE_A new CCT (formerly CCIT) building, designed by Saucier + Perrot, was opened in September 2004. It is characterized by a black and glass exterior. The interior is finished in concrete and gray paint, with black plastic melamine on many surfaces. The new library and academic learning centre, designed by Shore Tilbe Irwin + Partners and named after Mississauga's mayor, Hazel McCallion, opened October 8, 2006, and the new Recreation, Athletics and Wellness Centre, also by Shore Tilbe, opened less than a month previous to that. The new library consists of four floors with a mixture of group study tables and individual silent study space._NEWLINE_The Mississauga Academy of Medicine, which opened in August 2011 with 54 first-year students, is a partnership between UTM, the University of Toronto Faculty of Medicine, and the three hospitals of the Trillium Health Partners system. The new facility is located across two floors inside the new Terrence Donnelly Health Sciences Complex and provides brand new classrooms, seminar rooms, computer facilities, learning spaces and laboratories. Students are provided with fully equipped student lounge and outdoor terrace to relax and socialize. Students are able to share lectures and leaning experiences both inside and outside the classroom through advanced technologies._NEWLINE_A large stone monument added in 2013 at the entrance way to the campus caused controversy when it became apparent that the administration had used approximately $1 million in public funds for its construction and surrounding landscaping. _START_SECTION_ Academics _START_PARAGRAPH_ U of T Mississauga campus offers 148 programs, among 89 areas of study. Its most popular programs include Anthropology, Biology, Chemistry, Commerce, CCIT (Communications, Culture Information and Technology), Concurrent Teacher Education (within 4 areas: French, Chemistry, Mathematics, and Psychology), Computer Science, Criminology & Socio-Legal Studies, Earth Science, English, Environmental Studies, History, Management, Philosophy, Psychology, and Sociology._NEWLINE_There are also joint-degree programs with Sheridan College in CCIT, Art and Art History, or Theatre and Drama, leading to both a university degree from U of T and a college diploma from Sheridan. The CCIT Major and Digital Enterprise Management Specialist programs allow students the opportunity to earn Honours Bachelor of Arts degrees from the University of Toronto, as well as a Certificate in Digital Communications from Sheridan College._NEWLINE_Other undergraduate programs offered at U of T Mississauga include Professional Writing and Communication, Economics, Mathematics, Chemistry, Languages, Physics, Environmental Sciences, Geography, and Earth Sciences (ex. Geology)._NEWLINE_U of T Mississauga also hosts one of the few palaeomagnetism laboratories in Canada. This lab investigated the palaeomagnetic properties of rocks collected from the Apollo missions in the 1970s and was run by now professor emeritus Dr. Henry Halls. U of T Mississauga's best known president was Dr. J. Tuzo Wilson, a geologist and pioneer in plate tectonics. A research wing in the William G. Davis building of U of T Mississauga is named after him. _START_SECTION_ Student life _START_PARAGRAPH_ The campus is home to CFRE-FM, broadcasting twenty-four hours a day at 91.9FM out of the Student Centre. With a focus on Canadian and independent music, students and community members are encouraged to apply for a show, as no experience is required. There is also a student newspaper, The Medium._NEWLINE_The main practice facility of the Toronto Argonauts football club was located on campus until 2014._NEWLINE_Students who contribute much to student life are recognized through various awards including the Gordon Cressy Student Leadership Award and the UTM Principal's Student Involvement Award._NEWLINE_The University of Toronto Mississauga has many spaces for students to study and socialize. Students can spend time at The Student Centre, the Library's Starbucks cafe, Davis Building's Meeting Place, Oscar Peterson Residence's Colman Commons Dining Hall, CCT's Circuit Cafe, Instructional Centre's dining and lounge area, and others._NEWLINE_The UTM student centre offers a variety of events and programs available to students and is located on the UTM campus. Events offered to students include movie nights held every Monday evening, occasional guest speakers, and a variety of other events run by the student centre. The student centre also houses other student organizations including the UTM student newspaper, campus radio station, the UTM Student Union, and numerous other student clubs._NEWLINE_The Blind Duck Pub, located in The Student Centre, is popular eating spot on campus where students and staff are able to socialize. The menu includes chicken wings, halal meats, vegetarian dishes, French fries and more. The Blind Duck Pub also hosts many student events including the First Pub, Last Pub, and Halloween Pub where various artists such as Shawn Desman and Mia Martina perform. Students can find on-campus employment opportunities at the Blind Duck Pub as it is owned and operated by the UTM Student Union. _START_SECTION_ Athletics _START_PARAGRAPH_ The Recreation Athletic and Wellness Centre (RAWC), located in the South Building, expanded the Campus Rec Intramural Program in 2006–07. The RAWC supplies sports equipment for drop-ins with a student card or membership. These sports include basketball, soccer, volleyball, tablet tennis, and racquet sports. In addition to these sports, the Centre offers organized classes in dance, martial arts, yoga, and swimming. There are two gymnasiums, one North American-sized squash court, two international-sized squash courts, one pool with a whirlpool on deck, and a fitness and training centre, among other studios and multipurpose rooms. There are varsity sports teams in outdoor soccer, indoor soccer, basketball, lacrosse, ice hockey, field hockey, volleyball, flag football, ultimate frisbee and rugby. In addition there is a Tri-Campus Intramural Leagues in which students from all three campuses are welcomed to try out for these competitive teams. These teams include men's ice hockey, men's outdoor soccer, men's indoor soccer, women's basketball, women's indoor soccer, and women's volleyball. _START_SECTION_ Varsity Sports (UTM Eagles) _START_PARAGRAPH_ UTM became the 30th member of the Ontario College Athletics Association (OCAA) in April, 2014. The Eagles inaugural Varsity athletics program included badminton, cross country, and men's and women's indoor soccer. The UTM Varsity Eagles program is looking to expand in 2015/16 by adding men's and women's outdoor soccer, and men's and women's volleyball and basketball in 2017/18. _START_SECTION_ Residence _START_PARAGRAPH_ The University of Toronto Mississauga houses over 1400 students in residence. Undergraduate residence includes Oscar Peterson Hall (OPH), McLuhan Court, Putnam Place, Leacock Lane, Roy Ivor Hall, Erindale Hall, MaGrath Valley, and Schreiberwood. First-year residence includes OPH, McLuhan Court, Roy Ivor Hall, Erindale Hall, MaGrath Valley, and Schreiberwood. Upper-year housing includes Putnam Place and Leacock Lane. OPH is a traditional-style residence with single rooms and shared bathrooms. Townhouse-style residences on campus offer a townhouse with four single rooms, one bathroom, a living room and a kitchen per house. Roy Ivor Hall and Erindale Hall are first-year apartment suites with four bedrooms, two bathrooms, a living room and kitchen per suite. Each bedroom in Erindale hall is a double bedroom while each bedroom in Roy Ivor hall is a single bedroom. The Colman Commons located in OPH is the main dining facility for students living on residence. Putnam Place and Leacock Lane are townhouse-style residences. Each residence is fully equipped with laundry machines and common lounges. _START_SECTION_ Theatre _START_PARAGRAPH_ The Erindale Studio Theatre is a black box theatre with an audience capacity of up to 85, depending on the stage configuration. The building itself was formerly a bus garage and science lab, but was converted into a theatre in 1993. It has a modern lighting and audio system, as well as a full carpentry shop, costume shop, box office and painting facilities._NEWLINE_Theatre Erindale is a theatre production company at UTM for students in the joint Theatre and Drama Studies program with Sheridan College. The company presents a season of 5 plays in the Erindale Studio Theatre. These plays include classics, modern pieces and a yearly collective developed by the third year class. Several shows have been included in the Ontario Arts Review Top 10 List since 2005. The season's shows are also supported by students of the Technical Production program at Sheridan College who do placements in stage management, lighting operation, and sound operation._NEWLINE_The Multimedia Studio Theatre (MiST) is a modern, flexible theatre space used as a venue for drama lectures, performances by touring companies, independent student productions, Theatre Erindale's annual Beck Festival of student-directed performances, and the UTM Drama Club's annual production. The Blackwood Gallery on campus has used MiST on several occasions for receptions, conferences, and art exhibits. The theatre is contained in the CCT building designed by Saucier + Perrotte Architectes. _START_SECTION_ Blackwood Art Gallery _START_PARAGRAPH_ One of Mississauga's first art galleries was established on campus in 1969 as the Erindale College Art Gallery. It was renamed in 1992 as The Blackwood Gallery in honour of Canadian artist David Blackwood who was artist-in-residence at UTM from 1967 to 1971. The gallery collects, maintains, preserves and exhibits 500 works of UTM's permanent collection and exhibits student work from the Art & Art History Program at Sheridan College and UTM. _START_SECTION_ UTM Students' Union _START_PARAGRAPH_ The University of Toronto Mississauga Students' Union (UTMSU) represents the interests of the undergraduate students at UTM through various clubs and events. A wide variety of clubs exist to represent different religions and cultures. Students are welcomed by meeting other students who share the same values and beliefs as they do. The Arab Students for Peace and World Change, Christian Unity Association, Erindale College of African Student Association and Chinese Students and Scholars Association (UTMCSSA), are just a few of the 86 clubs that UTM offers to students. The UTMSU also offers many clubs that represent student hobbies such as Music Club, Drama Club, Anime Club, Cricket Club, Cycling Club and many more._NEWLINE_At UTM, almost every academic department has an academic society. These societies are student-led organizations that focus on a specific program that the campus offers. Students are able to work with others who are enrolled in the same program where they can discuss and participate in a variety of academic goals._NEWLINE_Prior to the incoming school year, the UTM student union organizes frosh week, an event held annually aimed at welcoming first year students into the University. Hosting approximately 1,200 students every year, UTM frosh week offers a variety of events and activities meant to introduce students into University life and allow first year students to meet other incoming students. Frosh week events are held both on and off the UTM campus. Featured at the 2011 frosh week Shawn Desman performed for students at The Blind Duck. Other frosh week activities included off campus visits to Medieval Times, Canada's Wonderland and the St. George U of T campus.

13747276676029370132

Q21187340

_START_ARTICLE_ Unlawful Societies Act 1799 _START_PARAGRAPH_ What we know today as the Unlawful Societies Act (39 Geo. III c79) was an act passed by the Parliament of Great Britain in 1799, as part of measures by Pitt the Younger to suppress republican opposition. It is also sometimes referred to as the Corresponding Societies Act. _START_SECTION_ Synopsis _START_PARAGRAPH_ The Act against Unlawful Combinations and Confederacies (39 Geo. III c81) is sometimes confused with the present Act, possibly because that Act followed the present Act in close proximity._NEWLINE_The Act was aimed at restricting the activities of radical secret societies like the London Corresponding Society and Society of United Irishmen. The LCS, United Irishmen, United Englishmen, United Britons and United Scots were proscribed by the Act. To prevent similar societies springing up, it was made illegal for any society to require its members to take an oath. Societies were also required to keep lists of members available for inspection. A magistrate's licence was required for any premises on which public lectures were held or any fee-charging public reading room. Printers were closely regulated, because one of the main problems in the Government's view was that seditious pamphlets were widely circulated and untraceable. Anyone possessing printing equipment was required to register, while all printed items were required to carry a printer's imprint, and printers were required to declare all items they had printed to magistrates and retain copies for inspection. _NEWLINE_During the passage of the Bill exemptions were introduced to avoid unwanted consequences of the broadly-drafted law. Papers that Parliament itself had ordered to be printed, for instance, were not required to carry an imprint. Freemasons, who required members to swear oaths upon joining, successfully lobbied to avoid their society being banned. In the end any Masonic lodge existing at the time of passage of the Act was exempted, so long as they maintained a list of members and supplied it to the magistrates. _NEWLINE_The Act was not particularly effective, as radical political organisations continued in more secret or less formal ways. Even where prosecutions could have been made under the Act, other legislation was preferred. Significant parts of the law were repealed under the Newspapers Printers and Reading Rooms Repeal Act 1869, while others continued in force (albeit obsolete and deprecated) until the Criminal Justice Act 1967. The most long-lived provision of the Act has been the requirement for printers to place an "imprint" on their work. This provision was relaxed in the Printer's Imprint Act 1961 to exclude simple documents like greetings cards or invoice books. At that time apparently some unscrupulous customers requested the printer omit their imprint, and then refused to pay their bills on the grounds that the work had been conducted illegally. The imprint requirement as amended in 1961 is technically still in force, but widely considered obsolete. A similar, but more detailed, provision was introduced in sec.143 of the Political Parties, Elections and Referendums Act 2000 to require the disclosure of printer, publisher and promoter of any material produced as part of an election campaign.

4985901220277804138

Q7897620

_START_ARTICLE_ Unthank, Stanhope _START_PARAGRAPH_ Unthank is a collection of houses in Stanhope in County Durham, England. Unthank can be found just over Stanhope Ford and at the bottom of Softley Bank. It consists of Unthank Mill, Unthank Hall, Unthank Farm and Unthank Cottage, now called the Railway Cottage. Unthank Mill backs onto Unthank Park which is a popular caravan park, and also host to Stanhope's agricultural shows and other local events.

1393081382823284462

Q39074018

_START_ARTICLE_ Untitled 77 (print) _START_SECTION_ Description _START_PARAGRAPH_ Untitled #77 is a digital inkjet print created by artist Artur Silva, which features a single image composed of colors, images, and patterns derived from existing textile patterns. These works include an array of references from across the globe, including representations of American textile patterns from the 1960s, official states’ quilts, and African patterns. Together with Untitled #78, Untitled #77 was specifically created for a waiting room at Sidney and Lois Eskenazi Hospital and was inspired by Wayman Adams' painted children's portraits, which are part of the hospital organization's historic art collection:_NEWLINE_“I thought about a concept that could represent the true diversity the population of Indianapolis. The method I chose to do was by exploring textile patterns to engage in a much broader dialogue about the movement of ideas, cultures, and people. My works were inspired by the 1914 Wayman Adams project in which he created 20 portraits of children from different ethnicities for the pediatric unit. The prints I created utilize textile patterns from Asia to Africa and the Americas. They are both explorative and familiar. I wanted these works to reflect the diversity of the population of Indianapolis in the 21st century. The end result is a set of prints that are feminine, energetic and contrasting.” -Artur Silva _START_SECTION_ Acquisition _START_PARAGRAPH_ Untitled #77 was commissioned by Eskenazi Health as part of a re-imagining of the organization's historical art collection and to support "the sense of optimism, vitality and energy" of its new campus in 2013. In response to its nationwide request for proposals, Eskenazi Health received more than 500 submissions from 39 states, which were then narrowed to 54 finalists by an independent jury. Each of the 54 proposals was assigned an area of the new hospital by Eskenazi Health's art committee and publicly displayed in the existing Wishard Hospital and online for public comment; more than 3,000 public comments on the final proposals were collected and analyzed in the final selection. _START_SECTION_ Location _START_PARAGRAPH_ Untitled #77 is currently displayed in the Women's Specialties Waiting Room on the fifth level of the Eskenazi Health Outpatient Care Center on the Sidney & Lois Eskenazi Hospital campus. _START_SECTION_ Artist _START_PARAGRAPH_ Artur Silva was born and raised in Belo Horizonte, Brazil. There, he attended the Guignard University of Art before moving to New York City and then to Indianapolis in 2001. Silva’s work has been exhibited at Harrison Center for the Arts, Editions Limited, Marian College and Big Car Gallery in Indianapolis as well as at Convento Gallery in Belo Horizonte, Half Dozen Gallery in Portland, Oregon, and NavtaSchultz Gallery in Chicago. His work is included in the collections of the Indiana State Museum and the Fort Wayne Museum of Art. Silva’s work has earned both local and regional awards, including an individual artist grant from the Indiana Arts Commission, a Creative Renewal Fellowship from the Arts Council of Indianapolis, a grant from the National Association of Latino Arts and Culture, an Efroymson Contemporary Art Fellowship and a Midwest Visions grant for residency at the Ox-Bow School of Art in Michigan.

11086950980269807775

Q62565080

_START_ARTICLE_ Untitled Rammstein album _START_SECTION_ Promotion and release _START_PARAGRAPH_ In an interview with Kerrang! in January 2019, Richard Z. Kruspe noted that there would be five music videos created for the album. Teaser clips for the first music video were released during late March. These clips featured visuals from the video along with the Roman numerals for the date 28 March 2019. On that day, the song "Deutschland" was released as the album's lead single on digital platforms, and its 10-minute-long music video was uploaded onto YouTube. The single also came with a remix by Kruspe. The band formally revealed the release date of the album, 17 May 2019, as well. They did not reveal the cover art but noted the album had no title._NEWLINE_After being up for just four days, the music video garnered 19 million views. "Deutschland" was released physically as both a 7-inch vinyl and CD single on 12 April, with the remix acting as the B-side. The track list was revealed between 16 April and 19 April on the band's YouTube channel with snippets of riffs from each song. The cover of the album was also revealed there on 18 April. Less than a week later, the band began teasing a music video for the song "Radio", which was released on 26 April. On 26 May, the band teased a music video for the album's third single, "Ausländer". The video was released on 28 May and the single was released on 31 May. _START_SECTION_ Commercial performance _START_PARAGRAPH_ The album debuted atop the German album charts on issue date 24 May 2019. In the first week in Germany, it moved 260,000 album-equivalent units, making it the best-performing album in the first week from a band in the 21st century. The album spent the next two weeks at No. 2 before climbing back up to No. 1 on 14 June. The album also peaked at No. 3 on the UK Albums Chart, selling 12,130 copies and spent three consecutive weeks atop the UK Rock & Metal Albums Chart. In the United States, the album peaked at No. 9 on the Billboard 200, earning 28,000 album-equivalent units in its first week. The album is the band's first to reach the top 10 in the United States. On 11 July 2019, the album was certified 2× Platinum by the Bundesverband Musikindustrie for sales of over 400,000 album-equivalent units in Germany.

15678766972722802035

Q2211171

_START_ARTICLE_ Up! (album) _START_SECTION_ Production _START_PARAGRAPH_ Writing and recording for the album took place across the world. According to the album booklet, Twain and Lange wrote and recorded in Berlin, Rome, Vienna, Paris, Avignon, Provence, Milan, Dublin, the Bahamas (at the famous Compass Point Studios), The Grenadine Islands, and Mumbai. For the blue international disc, the pair enlisted British-Asian music producers Simon and Diamond Duggal for production collaboration. Canadian folk music group Leahy provided group fiddles throughout the album. _START_SECTION_ Release and promotion _START_PARAGRAPH_ When the album was originally released, different regions received different versions of the album. North America received a two-disc set, containing the red disc and the green disc. Most international markets received a two-disc set, referred to as the "International Version," containing the red disc and the blue disc. Both two-disc versions contain a note from Shania offering free downloads of whichever set of mixes not included (e.g. a download of the blue version is offered with the red/green set), for a limited time on her website. Australia received both two-disc sets, with the red/green version being subtitled "U.S. Version". The album was later re-released in some territories as a single-disc set, containing only the red mixes, and an alternate cover with a red background._NEWLINE_The red and green versions were released on vinyl in the United States and Europe on October 14, 2016. They are sold separately, and are featured on translucent red and green vinyl, respectively. This marks the first time the green version was released physically in Europe._NEWLINE_Twain launched an extensive promotional tour for the album, starting in October 2002. Major events included the Super Bowl XXXVII halftime show, the 2002 and 2003 Country Music Association Awards, the 2003 American Music Awards, the 2003 Juno Awards, the 2003 ECHO Awards, the 2003 Billboard Music Awards, and the 2003 CMT Flameworthy Awards._NEWLINE_On October 2, 2002, Twain performed on the Dutch program TROS TV Show. On October 5 she appeared on Wetten, dass..?. On October 19 she appeared on the BBC show Parkinson and on France's Star Academy. On October 26 she filmed a mini-concert for CD:UK. On November 6, she launched the US leg of the promotional tour by opening the 2002 Country Music Awards. On November 24, Twain performed in Edmonton at the 2002 Grey Cup halftime show._NEWLINE_Twain embarked on the successful Up! Tour in September 2003. _START_SECTION_ Commercial performance _START_PARAGRAPH_ Up! debuted at No. 1 on both the Billboard Top Country Albums chart and the all-genre Billboard 200, selling 874,000 copies in its first week of release. In its second week, it remained at the top spot on both charts, selling 623,000 copies. In its third week, sales were still strong enough to top both charts again, selling more than 317,000 copies and beating Tim McGraw's Tim McGraw and the Dancehall Doctors, which held the No. 2 spot for a second consecutive week. The album remained at No. 1 after its fourth week of release, selling more than 373,000 copies. Its last reign on the all-genre chart was after its fifth week. The albums five-week total alone stands at an estimated 2,646,000 units. The RIAA certified the album at 11× platinum, denoting shipments of 5.5 million in the United States; the RIAA counts each disc separately for certification purposes. As of 2007, Up! has sold 20 million copies worldwide. It stayed in the Top 200 of the Billboard top 200 albums sales chart for more than 60 weeks._NEWLINE_The album was also certified diamond in Canada 17 days after its release date._NEWLINE_In 2007, the album's cover was listed on Maxim's Sexiest Album Covers.

359957739593346804

Q7898539

_START_ARTICLE_ Upper Canada Repertory Company _START_SECTION_ Summer Camps _START_PARAGRAPH_ Camps since 2011 have included a Shakespeare camp, a Musical Theatre ("Broadway") camp, and a one-week film acting intensive. _START_SECTION_ Junior Repertory Company _START_PARAGRAPH_ Members of the company participate in actor training at a high level reflecting professional-style training._NEWLINE_Membership is by audition and invitation only._NEWLINE_The program consists of twenty-six classes of training and rehearsal followed by a spring performance. Weekly five-hour class sessions teach acting, improvisation, theatre history, dance and singing, followed by rehearsal and performance of a play.

6889828148105030750

Q22909567

_START_ARTICLE_ Upside Down & Inside Out _START_SECTION_ Production _START_PARAGRAPH_ The music video for "Upside Down & Inside Out" features the band moving about in zero gravity created by the parabolic flight path of a reduced gravity aircraft in concert with the song, performing various stunts otherwise impossible at normal gravity, including the use of props such as laptop computers and tablets, dozens of balls, and paint-filled balloons. Two trained aerialist acrobats, Tatyana Martynova and Anastasia Burdina, also perform during the video, acting as air hostesses from S7 Airlines, and performing various aerial acrobatics, including a demonstration of the conservation of angular momentum._NEWLINE_Band member Damian Kulash had the idea of doing a zero gravity video for some time, and was excited when commercial space travel efforts were started around 2007 with SpaceX and Virgin Galactic. He and his co-director sister Trish Sie, had been able to ride on the NASA "Vomit Comet" in November 2012, but at the time considered the possibilities of realizing a music video aboard one to be limiting. In June 2016, Russian ad agency, TutkovBudkov, conceived an idea of a partnership between the Russian S7 Airlines and OK Go that would have resulted in production of a music video aboard one of the airline's planes. The agency further organized a meeting between Kulash and S7 Airlines' representatives at the Cannes Lions International Festival of Creativity, the latter party agreeing to provide the band the funding and aircraft support to make their video. Additional support for the video production came from Good Morning America, Facebook, and Instagram. The use of "Upside Down & Inside Out" as the song for the video only came after they recognized the opportunity to create this video, rather than planning the video when creating the song. By happenstance, the song's lyrics are about "discombobulation", according to Kulash, and included the line "gravity's just a habit that you're pretty sure you can't break", making it a perfect fit for the video._NEWLINE_Once they had secured S7 and made necessary arrangements over several months, the band traveled to Moscow to develop the video, spending three weeks of training and filming at the Roscosmos State Corporation center. The first week was used to train and get used to the flight patterns while experimenting with various motions and props they could use. By the second week, they had decided on what elements would be in the video and used subsequent flights to plan out the choreography, and used the third week to film the various takes._NEWLINE_In planning the video, they wanted to maintain the appearance of a single take, but also wanted to make sure they did not just use zero gravity for random antics, but for something choreographed. They also had to figure out how to handle the three-minute long song considering the nature of parabolic flight using the provided Ilyushin Il-76 aircraft, which typically provides around 27 seconds of zero gravity. They found they could break the song into segments that they timed with the periods of weightlessness, slowing down the song about 30% for recording to match the flight timing better and help set up more complex shots. Between periods of weightlessness, they adopted still positions, which they used to trim out the periods of non-weightlessness and morphing the transition between these cuts, though still within the same take. The resulting video effectively includes eight periods of zero gravity, taken over the course of 45 minutes of flight time. To get a single take they were satisfied with, a total of 21 flights were made with the aid of about 30 people including the camera crew and the plane's pilots. The shooting took a toll on the band and crew, with Damian Kulash passing out during one of the shoots. _START_SECTION_ Release and reception _START_PARAGRAPH_ The video was released to the band's Facebook page on February 11, 2016; by the following day it had gone viral, with over 24 million views. Though previous videos have been posted through their YouTube channel, Kulash stated that they felt using Facebook was a way to experiment with distribution of their music to their fans. Adweek writers Christopher Heine and David Griner noted that the band had previous difficulties with YouTube; their 2010 video for "This Too Shall Pass" was restricted from being embedded on other video sites due to record label concerns, and in 2012, the band stated revenues from their videos on YouTube was marginal. A version of the video had been uploaded to YouTube by S7 Airlines, but had to be taken down within a day of posting due to the video's exclusive release on Facebook. OK Go and S7 uploaded the music video on their YouTube channels two days later on February 13. _START_SECTION_ Usage in media _START_PARAGRAPH_ The song was featured in The Simpsons episode "Fears of a Clown"

3788609034239610338

Q7899478

_START_ARTICLE_ Upward (military project) _START_PARAGRAPH_ UPWARD was the code name, within the National Reconnaissance Office's Byeman Control System, for assistance given to the National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) during Project Apollo. The system would have flown a KH-7 GAMBIT camera into Earth orbit, for transport to the moon to perform mapping surveys._NEWLINE_According to the NRO/NASA agreement, lunar photography could be sanitized by eliminating camera scale factors. The project had the unclassified name of Lunar Mapping and Survey System (LM&SS) in NASA channels._NEWLINE_The success of both Lunar Orbiter and Surveyor negated the use of the LM&SS system. No system ever flew in space.

3346288404524976772

Q11059477

_START_ARTICLE_ Urban Council Centenary Garden _START_PARAGRAPH_ The Urban Council Centenary Garden (Chinese: 市政局百周年紀念公園) is a public park in Tsim Sha Tsui East, Kowloon, Hong Kong. It commemorates the centennial anniversary of the establishment of the Urban Council. The first phase of the park opened on 15 December 1983 with a ceremony officiated by Kim Cham, chairman of the Urban Council Centenary._NEWLINE_The park is divided into two sites, one in the west near Chatham Road South and another in the east near Mody Road, connected by a pavement corridor between Hilton Towers and Peninsula Centre._NEWLINE_The eastern half features more open space, allowing organisations to hold larger activities like fun fairs. A fountain occupies its north end. The western half features a six-pillar colonnade from the former Kowloon Station at the end of a second fountain.

3447187495609212951

Q4115747

_START_ARTICLE_ Urib _START_PARAGRAPH_ Urib (Russian: Уриб; Avar: ГӀуриб) is a rural locality (a selo) in Shamilsky District of the Republic of Dagestan, Russia. Dialing code: +7 87259._NEWLINE_Urib is famous for Islamic scholars, among whom the most notable is Shaykh Husenil Muhammad Afandi.

14731531993586814861

Q2811423

_START_ARTICLE_ Urquhart graph _START_PARAGRAPH_ In computational geometry, the Urquhart graph of a set of points in the plane, named after Roderick B. Urquhart, is obtained by removing the longest edge from each triangle in the Delaunay triangulation._NEWLINE_The Urquhart graph was described by Urquhart (1980), who suggested that removing the longest edge from each Delaunay triangle would be a fast way of constructing the relative neighborhood graph (the graph connecting pairs of points p and q when there does not exist any third point r that is closer to both p and q than they are to each other). Since Delaunay triangulations can be constructed in time O(n log n), the same time bound holds for the Urquhart graph as well. Although it was later shown that the Urquhart graph is not exactly the same as the relative neighborhood graph, it can be used as a good approximation to it. The problem of constructing relative neighborhood graphs in O(n log n) time, left open by the mismatch between the Urquhart graph and the relative neighborhood graph, was solved by Supowit (1983)._NEWLINE_Like the relative neighborhood graph, the Urquhart graph of a set of points in general position contains the Euclidean minimum spanning tree of its points, from which it follows that it is a connected graph.

18172205325794071211

Q7901203

_START_ARTICLE_ Urstromtaler _START_PARAGRAPH_ The Urstromtaler is a community currency being used in the landlocked states Brandenburg and Saxony-Anhalt side by side with the euro. It equates one-to-one with euro in value and is accepted by several local shops and businesses. The supporters argue that this helps by promoting local business especially for the small local shops that have to compete against corporate supermarkets and chain stores._NEWLINE_There are 22 other regional currencies that have sprung up in Germany. Sometimes it is argued that Regiogeld is illegal, but most academics tend to see Regiogeld as a legal and welcome route to adapt regional economies to globalisation.

10525842199314888743

Q1759435

_START_ARTICLE_ Use Once and Destroy _START_SECTION_ Music videos _START_PARAGRAPH_ "Fuck Your Enemy" had a music video, directed by Jim Van Bebber. With its short song length, it found considerable airplay on Uranium throughout 2003. The black & white video begins by passing a door with a sign that reads "Hippies use side door." It then features the band performing in a small room with its walls covered in music posters and logos. Brief shots have the band humorously playing air guitar and drums before reverting to actual instrument performance footage. The song title would be censored as "F*** Your Enemy".

15214362448759242015

Q928897

_START_ARTICLE_ Ust-Vymsky District _START_SECTION_ Administrative and municipal status _START_PARAGRAPH_ Within the framework of administrative divisions, Ust-Vymsky District is one of the twelve in the Komi Republic. It is divided into one town of district significance administrative territory (Mikun), one urban-type settlement administrative territory (Zheshart), five selo administrative territories, and five settlement administrative territories, all of which comprise fifty-one rural localities. As a municipal division, the district is incorporated as Ust-Vymsky Municipal District. Mikun Town of District Significance Administrative Territory and Zheshart Urban-Type Settlement Administrative Territory are incorporated into two urban settlements, and the ten remaining administrative territories are incorporated into ten rural settlements within the municipal district. The selo of Aykino serves as the administrative center of both the administrative and municipal district.

8427995266562774361

Q106357

_START_ARTICLE_ Utøya _START_SECTION_ Overview _START_PARAGRAPH_ Utøya is owned by the Workers' Youth League (AUF), a youth group associated with the Labour Party, which holds an annual summer camp there. _NEWLINE_The island is operated commercially by Utøya AS. _NEWLINE_The island is largely forested, with some open spaces. A small pier on the east side of the island is used to ferry people to and from Utøykaia on the mainland. There are also permanent buildings. Hovedhuset ("The Main House"), Stabburet ("The Hórreo"), and Låven ("The Barn") are located together near the dock. Up on the hillside (LO-toppen) are the main campgrounds, the cafeteria building, and the sanitary building. Skolestua ("The school house") is located further south. _START_SECTION_ The name _START_PARAGRAPH_ The first element ut means 'out', or 'outermost'; the last element øya is the definite form of øy, meaning 'island'. Utøya is the southernmost (or farthest "out") island of three which lie in the lake of Tyrifjorden. The name is used in reference to its position in relation to two other islands (lying north of Utøya); Storøya (Big Isle) and Geitøya (Goat Isle). Storøya is the northernmost, and Geitøya lies between Utøya and Storøya. All of these islands were formerly used for herding (as is shown in the meaning of Geitøya) by the people at Sundvollen. Utøya is quite clearly connected to the name of Utvika on the shoreside. _START_SECTION_ History _START_PARAGRAPH_ The island was a croft until purchased by the right wing politician Jens Bratlie in 1893. Bratlie used the property as a summer residence until 1933 when it was purchased by the Trade Union Confederation._NEWLINE_The island was given as a commemorative gift by the Oslo Trade Union Confederation on 28 August 1950, and it has hosted several political organizations' summer camps. _START_SECTION_ 2011 massacre _START_PARAGRAPH_ On 22 July 2011, a mass shooting took place at the AUF's summer youth camp, where 650 young people were staying. Anders Behring Breivik arrived alone on Utøya dressed as a police officer and told those on the island that he was there for security reasons following the explosions in Oslo which took place a few hours before. He then began shooting at individuals, continuing until the police arrived one hour after the first alarm call. The suspect immediately surrendered. Combined, the attacks in Oslo and Utøya left 77 dead, with 69 killed on the island, 33 of whom were under the age of 18. _START_SECTION_ After the massacre _START_PARAGRAPH_ "Rapidly it became clear, that ... [the bereaved] needed more time. [Construction work, or] The construction was put on hold for two years", according to the island's manager (as of 2016), Jørgen Frydnes._NEWLINE_After the attack, several donations were given to AUF for the restoration of the island. Some of the buildings would be demolished, including [parts of] the cafeteria building where 13 people had been killed; some of the buildings have been demolished, as of 2016._NEWLINE_With some disagreement having been bridged (as of 2016) -_NEWLINE_the future of Utøya has been the source of disagreements among the victims and family of the attacks. While AUF's planned to [rapidly] rebuild and return to Utøya, others wanted to leave the island as a memorial to the dead._NEWLINE_The massacre at Utøya remains the deadliest mass shooting worldwide committed by a single gunman. _START_SECTION_ Places and buildings _START_PARAGRAPH_ Bays on the island's coastline include Bolsjevika._NEWLINE_There are paths including Kjærlighetsstien ([lovers' lane or]"the love path")._NEWLINE_A hill - "used by discussion [groups]" leads to [a barn, according to its name,] Arbeidsmiljølåven. Other buildings are "the café building" and the pump house._NEWLINE_["The hill"] "Bakken" is used by the audience of speeches (as of 2016). _START_SECTION_ Memorial place _START_PARAGRAPH_ The place of memorial is called ["the clearing"] Lysninga;"it lies at the highest point of the island". It was unveiled during the summer of 2015._NEWLINE_Components of the memorial place include ["the ring"] "Ringen" - a "ring of steel [that] hangs between trees and here the names and age of the majority of those 69 killed are engraved"._NEWLINE_"The ring" weighs one (metric-) ton; one part of it weighs 350 kilograms; Alice Greenwald gave advice about leaving some space on "the ring", so that some of the bereaved can later change their mind - so that their deceased relative's name is permitted to be engraved on "the ring". _START_SECTION_ Hegnhuset ("safeguard house") _START_PARAGRAPH_ Hegnhuset - consists of "Parts of the café building (kafébygget ) ..., where 13 people were killed ..., [that] have been preserved (as of 2016); around- and under the café building - a ["learning center"] læringssenter" has been created;_NEWLINE_69 columns support the roof, inside the glass walls (of the exterior of the building). 495 "safeguarding" planks - positioned vertical in the ground - enclose the building; with space - svalgang - between the planks and the building._NEWLINE_"The house will protect the memory of the 69 who were killed at Utøya", a father (of one of the massacre's survivors) wrote in a news article._NEWLINE_Etymology: The building has been named Hegnhuset - "a place that shall safeguard (hegne) democracy". A synonym of hegn is the imperative form of the verb "safeguard"; therefore Hegnhuset can mean "safeguard house" (with the determinate conjugation of "house")._NEWLINE_Inside the café building, preserved (as of 2016) are bullet holes in walls, "the open windows where several youths jumped out to escape" the murderer; an old chart (that was there in 2011) that says "you must know the past, to understand the present and peer into the future", and pictures of dead victims; at least one heart-shaped stone, with the inscription "Missing you [singular]", lies on the floor._NEWLINE_In lillesalen ("the small hall") there is a piano; one was there during the crime. Court testimony has indicated that persons hiding behind the piano on 22 July 2011, were shot._NEWLINE_In 2016 Oliver Wainwright named it the "top 10 buildings of 2016", adding that " the Hegnhuset on the island of Utøya makes a simple, powerful record of an event that shook the very foundations of Norway’s national identity. The cafe building, where Anders Breivik murdered ... before killing a further 50 on the island, has been retained as a stark relic, its walls sliced with Matta-Clark rawness, and encased in a simple timber and glass pavilion".

16296202370703335917

Q3075554

_START_ARTICLE_ Utagawa Kunisada II _START_PARAGRAPH_ Utagawa Kunisada II (歌川国貞, 1823 – 20 July 1880) was a Japanese ukiyo-e print designer, one of three to take the name "Utagawa Kunisada". He headed the Utagawa school. _START_SECTION_ Life and career _START_PARAGRAPH_ Little is known of Kunisada II's early life. A pupil of Utagawa Kunisada I, he signed much of his early work "Kunimasa III". His earliest known prints date to 1844. Kunisada I adopted him in 1846 after he married the master's daughter Osuzu. He took the name Kunsada II c. 1850–51, about the time he inherited the house of Kunisada I. He changed his name once more following his master's death, to Toyokuni III. However, since there were three artists called Toyokuni before him, Kunisada II is now often known as Toyokuni IV._NEWLINE_Kunisada II worked in the style of his master, but never achieved the same level of success. His prints include over 40 series, mostly of actors (yakusha-e), as well portraits of beauties, illustrations of scenes from literature, erotica, and other subjects. He illustrated nearly 200 books. One of his most celebrated actor series, “The Tale of the Eight Dog Heroes” (Hakkendun inu no sōshi no uchi), dating from 1852, is drawn from Kyokutei Bakin’s epic novel, “The Satomi Clan and the Eight Dogs” (Nansō Satomi hakkenden), written from 1814-1842 and published in 106 volumes._NEWLINE_Kunisada II's popularity waned in the Meiji period (1868–1912), and he appears to have stopped making prints after 1874. He died on 20 July 1880 and was buried at Banshōin Kōunji. His Buddhist posthumous name is Sankōin Hōkokujutei Shinji. Students of his include Kunisada III (1848–1920). _START_SECTION_ Signatures _START_PARAGRAPH_ Kunisada II usually signed prints either 国貞画 (Kunisada ga, drawn by Kunisada) or 国貞筆 (Kunisada hitsu, from the brush of Kunisada). He did not sign prints “Kunisada II”. His signature may be distinguished from that of Kunisada I in that the sada kanji is straight in the signature of Kunisada I, but angular in the signature of Kunisada II (see figure). Further, for most of Kunisada I's career, he used the name 'Toyokuni' and never contained the 'Kunisada' signature within the Toshidama cartouche.

13481311493814690347

Q24943496

_START_ARTICLE_ Utopian Studies Society _START_PARAGRAPH_ The Utopian Studies Society (founded 1988) is a European interdisciplinary association devoted to the study of utopianism in all its forms. The Society was established by a group of British scholars following an international conference on the subject at New Lanark, the site of a famous experiment in industrial organisation by the early socialist Robert Owen. The Society was re-launched in 1999, following the "Millennium of Utopias" conference at the University of East Anglia.Although the scholarly journal Utopian Studies is published by the North American Society for Utopian Studies, as of 2016 its editor, editorial assistant and book review editors were located in Europe and were members of the Utopian Studies Society. Prominent utopian studies scholars associated with the European Society include Gregory Claeys, Lyman Tower Sargent, Ruth Levitas, Tom Moylan, Raffaella Baccolini, Artur Blaim, Vincent Geoghegan, Lucy Sargisson and Fatima Vieira. _START_SECTION_ Distinguished Service Award _START_PARAGRAPH_ At its 2019 conference the Society conferred a Distinguished Service Award on Professor Darko Suvin, its Guest of Honour and Keynote Speaker.

16448723912654396988

Q24938957

_START_ARTICLE_ Uttar Pradesh Tourism _START_SECTION_ History _START_PARAGRAPH_ To promote tourism, the Directorate of Tourism was established in the 1972 with a Director General who is an IAS officer. In 1974 the Uttar Pradesh State Tourism Development Corporation was established to look after the commercial tourist activities. The organisation is now simply known as "Uttar Pradesh Tourism"._NEWLINE_To boost the tourism in the state from within the country and other parts of the world, the Government of Uttar Pradesh established a Uttar Pradesh Heritage Arc covering the cities of Agra,Mirzapur, Lucknow and Varanasi and organised "Uttar Pradesh Travel Mart" in 2015 in Lucknow. The event was attended by 80 delegates from 27 countries. _START_SECTION_ Organisation _START_PARAGRAPH_ Uttar Pradesh Tourism is headed by Director-general (Secretary-general) and is under the purview of the Ministry of Tourism, Uttar Pradesh. Reporting to the DG, are the Regional Offices which is represented by the Regional Tourist Officers (R.T.O). Uttar Pradesh Tourism has offices all over India and has overseas representation in Australia, Canada, France, Germany, Italy, Japan, Netherlands, Singapore, South Africa, United Arab Emirates, United Kingdom and in the United States.

2831212744441251346

Q983884

_START_ARTICLE_ Várzea Grande, Mato Grosso _START_SECTION_ History _START_PARAGRAPH_ The "City of the Great Lowlands" arose from a donation of land grants given to the Guana Indians, considered civilized by the Portuguese and known for their skills as boatmen and fishermen, in 1832 by the imperial government. The city, whose name roughly translates into English as "Great Lowlands of the Guana", was a mandatory stop along the way for the herds of cattle that came from Upper Rio Rosario (now Rosario West ) that were en route to Cuiabá._NEWLINE_However, according to traditional history, its foundation is closely linked to the military camp built during the war with Paraguay, supposedly near the current center of town - Camp Couto Magalhães. However, this military camp, which gave support to the state capital during the war, which was established May 15, 1867, by general, lawyer, and diamond mining town founder, José Vieira Couto de Magalhães, was located on the left shore of the Cuiabá River, or on the other side of the river from the city of Cuiabá, near the mouth of the Rio Coxipó, the northern capital. _START_SECTION_ Geography _START_PARAGRAPH_ Grande floodplain bordering the municipalities of Cuiabá, Santo Antônio de Leverger, Our Lady of Deliverance, Acorizal and Raft . The territory was part of the city of Cuiabá, before being dismembered. Between the two cities is only the Cuiabá River as the boundary. The savanna dominates the region with the densest forest on riversides and wetlands are already seeing a trend of transition to the Pantanal . Varzea Grande is located more than 180m sea level, this causes the city to be more higher than the Equals. _START_SECTION_ Economy _START_PARAGRAPH_ Grande floodplain is predominantly commercial and industrial, and subsistence agriculture. Through tax incentives and land grants, industries settled in the region, constituting, together with the capital, the main industrial center of the state. Varzea Grande was named in 2010 to industrial and commercial city in the state of Mato Grosso surpassing even the famous Rondonópolis and ranking 26th place in question their nation Terminal Integration André Maggi moves more than 60,000 people per dia. Previsto For 2012 the launch of the first Shopping Center in Lowland Great Guano Shopping Center located near the Marechal Rondon International Airport, which should make the city's economy grow and move further trade city, and located in the Shopping Formula Avenue FEB. _START_SECTION_ Climate _START_PARAGRAPH_ Lowland Grande and Cuiabá have a tropical hot and humid climate. The temperature range varies from 17 °C to 32 °C in winter, in recent times has been very strict temperature lowered to 10 °C in July with windchill 4.9 °C because atypical for residents who are accustomed to high temperatures, but it is very dry this time of year in Mato Grosso, there are many fires that are harmful to health and this causes the relative humidity to drop to 13%. The summer is very hot with temperatures ranging from 23 C to 40 °C; it is also the season with more rain with changes from one moment to another, and this causes the temperature to drop a little, on a rainy day the temperature is no more than 22 °C. Lowland Grande and Cuiabá have hot nights with temperatures that can reach 32 °C, and drop to around 24 °C. _START_SECTION_ Demographics _START_PARAGRAPH_ According to data from demographic census carried out by IBGE in 2010, the population of Greater Lowland is concentrated almost entirely in the urban area. Nothing more than 248,829 people - 98.46% of the total population - live in urban areas, with only 3880 inhabitants (1.54%) in rural areas._NEWLINE_Most of the population of 252,709 inhabitants are women, 127,351 are women (50.39%) against 125,358 men (49.61%)._NEWLINE_As its population recorded in 2000 was 215,298 inhabitants, Greater Lowland grew 17.37% in ten years - or 1.73% per year - with an absolute growth of 37,411 people in that period. _START_SECTION_ Transportation _START_PARAGRAPH_ Public transportation is done by buses, collective taxis and motorcycle taxi, integrated with Cuiabá._NEWLINE_According to the Traffic Department of the MT, the fleet of Cuiabá and Várzea Grande consists of a total of 292,219 vehicles (215,174 and 77,045 respectively), while 152,366 are cars (117,310 and 35,056 respectively) are 77,024 motorcycles / scooters (51,699 and 25,325 respectively ) (RENAEST est. 2008)._NEWLINE_Marechal Rondon International Airport, which also serves Cuiabá is located at Várzea Grande.

15231017063780740997

Q39868216

_START_ARTICLE_ Víctor Arano _START_SECTION_ Los Angeles Dodgers _START_PARAGRAPH_ Arano was born in Cosamaloapan, Veracruz, Mexico. He signed with the Los Angeles Dodgers as an international free agent in April 2013. He made his professional debut that year with the Arizona League Dodgers and spent the whole season there, going 3-2 with a 4.20 ERA in 13 games, with eight being starts. He began 2014 with the Great Lakes Loons. _START_SECTION_ Philadelphia Phillies _START_PARAGRAPH_ On August 28, 2014, Arano was acquired by the Philadelphia Phillies as the player to be named later from an earlier trade for Roberto Hernández. He was assigned to the Clearwater Threshers, but did not pitch after being acquired by the Phillies. In 22 games (15 starts) for Great Lakes, he was 4-7 with a 4.08 ERA, and 83 strikeouts in 86 innings. In 2015, he pitched for Clearwater where he pitched to a 4-12 record and 4.72 ERA in 24 games (22 starts) and 69 strikeouts in 124 innings._NEWLINE_In 2016, he played with both Clearwater and the Reading Fightin Phils, compiling a combined 5-2 record and 2.26 ERA in 46 relief appearances, and 95 strikeouts in 79.2 innings. He was named an MiLB 2016 Philadelphia Organization All Star. After the 2016 season Arano pitched in the Arizona Fall League._NEWLINE_In 2017, he pitched for Reading where he was 1-2 with a 4.19 ERA and 38 strikeouts in 38.2 innings in 32 appearances out of the bullpen. The Phillies selected his contract on September 12, and he made his major league debut that same night. In 10.2 innings pitched for the Phillies he was 1-0 with a 1.69 ERA and 13 strikeouts._NEWLINE_Arano began 2018 with the Phillies. He was placed on the disabled list on April 30 retroactive to April 29, and was activated on May 19. He recorded his first career save on July 4 against the Baltimore Orioles. In 2018 with the Phillies, he was 1-2 with a 2.73 ERA, and 60 strikeouts in 59.1 innings. He retired the first 25 batters he faced and 32 consecutive batters dating back to 2017, most by a Phillie since 1971, and held right-handed-hitters to a .207/.248/.319 slash line._NEWLINE_In 2019, Arano pitched in three relief appearances for the Lehigh Valley IronPigs, going 2-0 with a 0.00 ERA in four innings in which he struck out seven batters, and in three games for the Phillies, in which he was 1-0 with a 3.86 ERA in 4.2 innings in which he struck out seven batters. Arano missed most of the season with a right elbow injury, which eventually required arthroscopic surgery.

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Q650946

_START_ARTICLE_ Věnceslav Černý _START_PARAGRAPH_ Věnceslav Černý (27 January 1865 in Staré Benátky (part of Benátky nad Jizerou) - 15 April 1936 in Mladá Boleslav) was a Czech illustrator and painter._NEWLINE_First, he studied at the Prague Academy of Fine Arts, later the Academy in Vienna. Alternately lived in Prague, Mladá Boleslav and Železnice. He was almost exclusively devoted to illustrating books (especially adventure books) and magazines (Světozor, Zlatá Praha). A very high percentage of his works are related to historical battle themes and mediaeval civilisation in the form of drawings and large paintings._NEWLINE_He was a popular illustrator of many publishing houses in Prague (e.g. Kvasnička a Hampl, Alois Hynek, Toužimský etc.), and illustrated many books, especially those by Lidia Charskaya, František Josef Čečetka, Alois Jirásek, Karl May, Henryk Sienkiewicz. In the years 1893-1909 he illustrated sixteen books of Jules Verne.

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Q1749724

_START_ARTICLE_ Vũ Quang District _START_SECTION_ History _START_PARAGRAPH_ Vũ Quang was used as a base by Phan Đình Phùng, the anti-colonial revolutionary, from 1885 to 1896.

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Q5240578

_START_ARTICLE_ V. David _START_PARAGRAPH_ David S. Vethamuthu (Tamil: வே. தேவிட்) (26 August 1932 – 10 July 2005) was a Malaysian unionist and former opposition politician. He won a seat in the Malaysian parliament four times, representing the constituencies of Bangsar, Dato' Kramat, Damansara and Puchong. He was the youngest member of Malaysian parliament at the age of 26 before Batu MP P. Prabakaran. While in parliament, he was known to be fearless and vocal in raising issues concerning the Indian community in Malaysia. He later became the Chairman of the World Tamil Association in 1984. He is famously known for making Labour Day as public holiday in Malaysia. _START_SECTION_ Trade unions _START_PARAGRAPH_ David was a founding member and secretary of Selangor Factories Association in 1953. He was known as 'King David' among local and international trade union circles and served as MTUC secretary-general from 1976 to 1992. He was also the Transport Workers Union secretary-general from 1958 to 1995._NEWLINE_David was best known for setting up the Workers Institute of Technology (WIT) in Port Klang in the early 1970s, which provided education opportunities for thousands of workers' children over the years._NEWLINE_At the international level, he served as the executive board member of the International Transport Federation and the International Confederation of Free Trade Union, and represented Malaysian workers at numerous International Labour Organization (ILO) conferences in Geneva, Switzerland. _START_SECTION_ Politics _START_PARAGRAPH_ He was elected as Kuala Lumpur town councillor and became the Transport Workers Union's secretary in 1958. In 1959, he was elected Bangsar Member of Parliament under the ticket of the Malayan Peoples' Socialist Front as well as the state seat of Pantai, both in Selangor. However, in 1964, he lost his seat to Devan Nair of the People's Action Party although he kept his state seat._NEWLINE_In 1969, he returned to parliament by winning the Dato' Kramat seat in Penang and was re-elected to his Pantai state seat for the third time, both under the newly formed Parti Gerakan Rakyat Malaysia. When Gerakan joined the Barisan Nasional in 1973, David resigned to join the Parti Keadilan Masyarakat Malaysia. In the 1974 general election, both his Dato' Kramat and Pantai seats were abolished in a re-delineation exercise. David turned to contest in the Jelutong parliament seat (also in Penang) against Rasiah Rajasingam, a former Gerakan colleague, but lost._NEWLINE_In 1978, as a candidate of the Democratic Action Party this time, David defeated Malaysian Indian Congress strongman, Deputy Minister S. Subramaniam for the Damansara parliament seat, but failed to retain his seat again in 1982 to Tan Koon Swan who later became Malaysian Chinese Association president. In 1986 and 1990, David was elected as Puchong Member of Parliament and, in 1995, stepped down due to health reasons._NEWLINE_He was arrested under the Emergency Ordinance in 1958. He was also arrested under Internal Security Act in 1964, 1969 (after 13 May racial riots) and 1987._NEWLINE_David became Chairman of World Tamil Association in 1984. _START_SECTION_ Death _START_PARAGRAPH_ David died in July 2005. He had served the workers for nearly 40 years from 1958 until he fell sick in 1995. _START_SECTION_ Recognition _START_PARAGRAPH_ The Malaysian Trades Union Congress (MTUC) has called on the Selangor state government to name a road after veteran trade unionist, the late V. David, in appreciation of his lifelong struggle to fight for workers' rights._NEWLINE_MTUC vice-president A. Balasubramaniam said there was already a precedent when Jalan 222 here was named after P. P. Narayanan, another noteworthy trade unionist. He said David deserved the honour because he served the workers for nearly 40 years from 1958 until he fell sick in 1995._NEWLINE_Cuepacs secretary-general Ahmad Shah Mohd Zin supported the proposal, saying union leaders should also be recognised "for their struggles and sacrifices in improving the lives of helpless workers."

236273596520023666

Q7906029

_START_ARTICLE_ V. Dharmalingam _START_SECTION_ Early life and family _START_PARAGRAPH_ Dharmalingam was born on 5 February 1918. He was educated at Skandavarodaya College, Chunnakam, and St. Patrick's College, Jaffna. He later entered Ceylon Law College but gave up his legal studies to enter politics._NEWLINE_Dharmalingam's son Siddhartan is the leader of the People's Liberation Organisation of Tamil Eelam (POLTE), pro-government paramilitary group and political party. _START_SECTION_ Career _START_PARAGRAPH_ Dharmalingam was elected to Uduvil Village Council in 1944, later becoming its chairman. Although a leftist he joined the Illankai Tamil Arasu Kachchi (Federal Party). He stood as the ITAK candidate in Uduvil at the March 1960 parliamentary election. He won the election and entered Parliament. He was re-elected at the July 1960, March 1965 and May 1970 parliamentary elections._NEWLINE_Dharmalingam played a leading role in the 1961 satyagraha campaign organised by ITAK. Early on the morning of 20 February 1961 a group of 55 to 75 persons staged a satyagraha at the Jaffna Kachcheri in Old Park. Among them were ITAK MPs A. Amirthalingam, S. J. V. Chelvanayakam, Dharmalingam, V. A. Kandiah, E. M. V. Naganathan, V. N. Navaratnam and K. Thurairatnam. A large group of policemen arrived in riot gear, wearing helmets and carrying batons and shields. The police started removing the protesters by lifting and carrying them away. Those who resisted were dragged away. Later, as Government Agent M. Srikantha and Superintendent of Police Richard Arndt tried to leave Old Park in a jeep the protesters blocked their way. The police reacted with brutality, beating he protesters with batons and pulled them out bodily. Palaniyappan, a young man who had thrown himself in front of the jeep was pulled away by the police and beaten severely with batons. Five ITAK MPs were amongst the protesters blocking the jeep. Kandiah was carried out and dumped on the ground, Dharmalingam and Thurairatnam were dragged out by their hands and legs whilst Amirthalingam and Naganathan were baton charged. The police also baton charged a crowd of around 5,000 who had gathered to watch the satyagraha._NEWLINE_On 14 May 1972 the ITAK, All Ceylon Tamil Congress, Ceylon Workers' Congress, Eelath Thamilar Otrumai Munnani and All Ceylon Tamil Conference formed the Tamil United Front, later renamed Tamil United Liberation Front (TULF). Dharmalingam was the TULF's candidate in Manipay (the new name of the Uduvil electoral district) at the 1977 parliamentary election and was re-elected. Dharmalingam and all other TULF MPs boycotted Parliament from the middle of 1983 for a number of reasons: they were under pressure from Sri Lankan Tamil militants not to stay in Parliament beyond their normal six-year term; the Sixth Amendment to the Constitution of Sri Lanka required them to swear an oath unconditionally renouncing support for a separate state; and the Black July riots in which up to 3,000 Tamils were murdered by Sinhalese mobs. After three months of absence, Dharmalingam forfeited his seat in Parliament on 8 October 1983. _START_SECTION_ Assassination _START_PARAGRAPH_ On the night of 2/3 September 1985 two men went to the house of M. Alalasundaram, former MP for Kopay, at Kalliyankadu, Nallur and kidnapped him at gun point. They took Alalasundaram in a car and drove to Uduvil where Dharmalingam was attending a wedding. The men then kidnapped Dharmalingam as well. The next day Alalasundaram's body was found in a scrub jungle near his home at Kalliyankadu with bullet wounds in the chest and arm. Dharmalingam's body was found at a cemetery in Thavady, Manipay, with a bullet wound in the forehead._NEWLINE_No one claimed responsibility for the assassinations. Dharmalingam's son Siddhartan, who is a member of the PLOTE militant group, blamed one of the members of Eelam National Liberation Front for the assassinations (PLOTE wasn't a member of ENLF). It is widely believed that the murders were carried out by Tamil Eelam Liberation Organization (TELO), an Indian backed militant group, on the orders of the Research and Analysis Wing, the Indian intelligence agency. Alalasundaram was close to the TELO and a relative of its leader Sri Sabaratnam. It is believed that TELO chose to murder Alalasundaram at the same time as Dharmalingam so as to avoid suspicion. According to Siddhartan and K. T. Rajasingham the TELO assassins had been led by Bobby but others claim that it was Das._NEWLINE_However, the Sri Lankan government and other Sinhalese Buddhist nationalists have repeatedly blamed the Liberation Tigers of Tamil Eelam (LTTE) for the assassinations. As recently as 2013 the Sri Lankan military was falsely blaming the LTTE for the assassinations.

8294403288514376971

Q16090957

_START_ARTICLE_ V. Neil Wyrick _START_PARAGRAPH_ Victor Neil Wyrick, Jr. (born September 23, 1928 in Norfolk, Virginia) was a minister in the Presbyterian Church (USA), and is perhaps best known for the annual Easter pageant held in Miami's Orange Bowl during the 1960s, and for his extensive writing. _START_SECTION_ Life _START_PARAGRAPH_ Wyrick was born in Norfolk, Virginia on September 23, 1928. He graduated from Hampden-Sydney College in 1950, and from Union Theological Seminary & Presbyterian School of Christian Education in Virginia in 1954. He was ordained in 1954. His first pastorate included four rural congregations in Virginia. From 1955 until 1967 Wyrick served as the pastor of a fast-growing Palmetto Presbyterian Church in Miami, Florida. In 1968, he began devoting himself full-time to the evangelistic work of the Presbyterian Churches of Miami, focusing mostly on the Pageantry, Inc, which he founded. In 1994 he began serving the Sunrise Presbyterian Church of Miami, Florida, serving as Associate Pastor until he became the interim pastor of the First Presbyterian Church of Miami in 2000._NEWLINE_Wyrick authored hundreds of articles for national magazines such as the Saturday Evening Post, American Home, Every Woman's Family Circle and others. For several years he had a newspaper column entitled Hints for the Hearthstone and for 20 years a column entitled The Why of it All. He currently has a newspaper column entitled Senior Snippets. He was a talk show host for the CBS affiliate in Miami, Florida, (Family Line and Rap Around). He wrote a nationally syndicated radio show, A Boy Called Dysmas. Wryick wrote, produced and acted in a number of one-man dramas, portraying characters from American history, church history and the Bible.

8870681671625277491

Q16920325

_START_ARTICLE_ VRK Tigrarna _START_SECTION_ History _START_PARAGRAPH_ The club was founded on 18 April 1948 by Karl Wolgert Nilsson, which would make them the oldest team in Sweden, thought it disbanded a number of times. After being inactive for a couple of years they reformed in 2010.

7253782440083418802

Q9369981

_START_ARTICLE_ Vadym Gostiev _START_SECTION_ Playing career _START_PARAGRAPH_ Gostiev began his career in 2005 with FC Krasyliv in the Ukrainian First League. The following the season he was loaned to Iskra-Skirts in the Ukrainian Amateur League. In 2009, he went abroad to Moldavia to play with FC Sfântul Gheorghe Suruceni in the Moldovan National Division, where he appeared in 16 matches. Gostiev returned to his native country the following year to sign with FC Helios Kharkiv. He had stints with MFC Mykolaiv, FC Real Pharma Odessa, FC Odessa, FC Enerhiya Mykolaiv, and FC Zhemchuzhyna Odesa._NEWLINE_In 2016, he went overseas to Canada sign with FC Ukraine United of the Canadian Soccer League. He featured in 21 matches and recorded one goal, and helped United clinch a postseason berth by finishing second in the standings. After the relegation of Ukraine United he signed with FC Vorkuta. where he assisted in securing the regular season title. In his second season with Vorkuta he assisted in securing the CSL Championship.

15551237952985773583

Q63353891

_START_ARTICLE_ Val Okimoto _START_SECTION_ Background _START_PARAGRAPH_ Okimoto was born in Lihue, Hawaii. She graduated from high school with honors from Kauai High School. Okimoto earned a bachelor's degree in Accounting with a minor in Business Management from Brigham Young University of Hawaii, and earned her Special Education Teacher Certification at Chaminade University of Honolulu. Okimoto has done mission work for The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints in Cebu, Philippines. She is an active member of the community by serving as a Director and Treasurer of the Mililani Town Association (MTA), School Community Council (SCC) board member at Mililani ‘Ike Elementary School, member of the Board of Directors for Hoaloha ‘Ike, Parent and Coach for Mililani American Youth Soccer Organization (AYSO), and served for 4 years as the President of her church's chapter of a woman's organization. _START_SECTION_ Political career _START_PARAGRAPH_ Okimoto was elected to represent District 36 of the Hawaii House of Representatives, which includes Mililani Mauka, Mililani, and Waipiʻo Acres, on November 6, 2018. She serves on the following committees: Committee on Agriculture, Committee on Lower & Higher Education, and Committee on Tourism & International Affairs.

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Q23888367

_START_ARTICLE_ Valerie Ashby _START_SECTION_ Education _START_PARAGRAPH_ Ashby was born and grew up in Clayton, North Carolina. She was first introduced to science through her father, who was a high school math and science teacher._NEWLINE_In 1988, Ashby graduated from The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill with a B.A. in chemistry. Following her undergraduate studies, Ashby completed her doctoral studies, also at the University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, between September 1989 and August 1994. She worked as a research assistant in the lab of Professor Joseph M. DeSimone and completed her thesis, entitled Synthesis and Characterization of Thiophene-Based Poly(Arylene Ether Ketones) and Poly(Arylene Ether Sulfones), in August 1994._NEWLINE_During her time at the University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Ashby worked as a visiting scientist at IBM at the Almaden Research Center in San Jose, California, from May 1992 to August 1992 where she worked on the Synthesis of Thiophene-Containing Poly(ether imide)s. She also spent the summer of 1993 as a visiting scientist at Eastman Chemical Company in Kingsport, Tennessee, where she worked on the "Examination of the Role of Catalysts in Color Body Origin in Poly(ester amide)s."_NEWLINE_After graduation she worked as a National Science Foundation Postdoctoral Fellow and NATO Postdoctoral Fellow at the Johannes Gutenberg University of Mainz Institute for Organic Chemistry in Mainz, Germany under the direction of Professor Reimund Stadler. Her work was entitled Synthesis of ABC Block Copolymers. _START_SECTION_ Career _START_PARAGRAPH_ To begin her professional career, Ashby started at Iowa State University as an assistant professor in January 1996. She was promoted to Associate Professor in August 2002. She spent August 2003 to June 2004 on sabbatical leave at Massachusetts Institute of Technology in Cambridge, Massachusetts under the direction of Professor Robert Langer. While at Iowa State she was a mentor for the Iowa State University Program for Women in Science & Engineering which was a summer research program for undergraduate and high school students._NEWLINE_In August 2003 she also began her appointment as Associate Professor at the University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill. While an associate professor, Ashby was awarded an NSF grant that aimed to increase the number of underrepresented minorities receiving doctoral degrees in STEM fields. Her worked helped to increase the PhD completion rate for underrepresented minorities from about 60% to 85% at the university. She was appointed Vice Chair of Undergraduate Studies in August 2005. Ashby was granted the rank of full professor and the Bowman and Gordon Gray Distinguished Term Professor of Chemistry in July 2007. In July 2012 she was named Chair of the Department of Chemistry at UNC and the faculty director of the UNC Chapel Hill Graduate School Initiative for Minority Excellence (IME) in July 2014._NEWLINE_Through her career, Ashby has accumulated numerous awards including the National Science Foundation Career Development Award, the DuPont Young Faculty Award, the 3M Young Faculty Award, the UNC Chapel Hill General Alumni Association Faculty Service Award, the J. Carlyle Sitterson Freshman Teaching Award, the UNC Student Undergraduate Teaching Award, and the Johnston Teaching Award for Undergraduate Teaching. _START_SECTION_ Current position _START_PARAGRAPH_ On Thursday May 7, 2015 Duke University President Richard H. Brodhead and Provost Sally Kornbluth announced that Ashby would be the next dean of Trinity College of Arts & Sciences at Duke University succeeding Laurie Patton, who became the new president of Middlebury. The search committee that nominated and unanimously supported Ashby consisted of faculty members, students, administrators and trustees.

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Q65117344

_START_ARTICLE_ Valeriepieris circle _START_PARAGRAPH_ The Valeriepieris circle is a circular region on the world map centred in the South China Sea that is about 4,000 km in radius and contains more than half the world’s population. It was named after the Reddit username of Ken Myers, a Texas ESL teacher, who first drew attention to the phenomenon in 2013. The map became a meme and was featured in numerous forms of media. _NEWLINE_In 2015, the circle was tested by Danny Quah, who verified the claim but moved the circle slightly to exclude most of Japan and used a different map projection as well as more specific calculations. He calculated that, as of 2015, half the world's population lived within a 2,050-mile radius of the city Mong Khet in Myanmar. _NEWLINE_The most common visual of the circle, originally used by Myers and also featured by io9 and Tech in Asia, used the Winkel tripel projection.

1398395479014133693

Q7911418

_START_ARTICLE_ Valeriu Sterian _START_SECTION_ Studies _START_PARAGRAPH_ He studied at the University of Bucharest and obtained a BA in psychology. _START_SECTION_ Musical activity _START_PARAGRAPH_ Valeriu Sterian started as a drummer during secondary school in the music band Copiii Florilor (Flower Children). His official debut was in 1973 at the Ballads' Spring Festival (Festivalul Primavara Baladelor) (where he received the Best Song Award for the single Nopți (Nights). At that time he was performing with Carmen Marin as Vali și Carmen._NEWLINE_He played for many years within the Cenaclul Flacăra. In 1979 he founded a music band called Compania de Sunet (Sound Company), with which he toured all over the country and also in Bulgaria, Hungary, USSR, Poland, Norway, France, United Kingdom, and in the US._NEWLINE_In 1993 he founded a record company called B'Inișor ("Pretty well"). He collaborated with other Romanian musicians, such as: Alexandru Andrieș, Nicu Alifantis, Doru Stănculescu, Mircea Bodolan, Maria Gheorghiu. _START_SECTION_ Personal life _START_PARAGRAPH_ In 1999 he was involved in a road traffic accident on Gheorghe Magheru Avenue in Bucharest in which two people were killed. He was arrested on 4 October on suspicion of homicide and driving under the influence of alcohol._NEWLINE_Within a month he was bailed and died of cancer the following year.

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Q19921512

_START_ARTICLE_ Valeriy Gromyko _START_SECTION_ International _START_PARAGRAPH_ He made his Belarus national football team debut on 8 June 2019 in an Euro 2020 qualifier against Germany, as a starter.

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Q30335821

_START_ARTICLE_ Valor (TV series) _START_SECTION_ Development _START_PARAGRAPH_ The CW officially ordered Valor to series on May 10, 2017. The series was planned to air weekly on Netflix in the UK and Ireland beginning November 1, however it never arrived. _START_SECTION_ Casting _START_PARAGRAPH_ On February 17, 2017, Matt Barr was cast in the lead role as Captain Leland Gallo, a commanding officer and described as "an aging hipster meets flyboy", followed a month later by the casting of Christina Ochoa as his co-pilot Officer Nora Madani, "an intense and driven junior Army pilot who is a member of the Shadow Raiders special ops unit". _START_SECTION_ Filming _START_PARAGRAPH_ Filming for the series takes place in Atlanta. _START_SECTION_ Critical response _START_PARAGRAPH_ The review aggregator website Rotten Tomatoes reported a 24% approval rating with an average rating of 4.69/10 based on 17 reviews. The website's consensus reads, "Valor's attempt to highlight an often overlooked segment of the armed services is undercut by a badly judged blend of military action and melodrama." Metacritic, which uses a weighted average, assigned a score of 39 out of 100 based on 10 critics, indicating "generally unfavorable reviews".

5206513622398742942

Q18395219

_START_ARTICLE_ Valsad (Vidhan Sabha constituency) _START_PARAGRAPH_ Valsad assembly constituency (વલસાડ વિધાનસભા બેઠક) is one of the 182 assembly constituencies of Gujarat. It is located in Valsad district.

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