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Given the following information: Passage-0 Title: Ring a Ring o' Roses Content: Ring a Ring o' Roses "Ring a Ring o' Roses" or "Ring a Ring o' Rosie" is a nursery rhyme or folksong and playground singing game. It first appeared in print in 1881, but it is reported that a version was already being sung to the current tune in the 1790s and similar rhymes are known from across Europe. It has a Roud Folk Song Index number of 7925. Urban legend says the song originally described the plague, specifically the Great Plague of London, or the Black Death, but folklorists reject this idea. It is unknown what the earliest version Passage-1 Title: Traditional rhyme Content: books, no more teacher's dirty looks," seems to be found in literature no earlier than the 1930s—though the first reference to it in that decade, in a 1932 magazine article, deems it, "the old glad song that we hear every spring." Traditional rhyme A traditional rhyme is generally a saying, sometimes a proverb or an idiom, couched in the form of a rhyme and often passed down from generation to generation with no record of its original authorship. Many nursery rhymes may be counted as traditional rhymes. Examples of a traditional rhyme include the historically significant "Ring Around the Rosie", Passage-2 Title: Ring a Ring o' Roses Content: to be indicative of Pagan beings of light. Another suggestion is more literal, that it was making a "ring" around the roses and bowing with the all "fall down" as a curtsy. In 1892, the American writer, Eugene Field wrote a poem titled "Teeny-Weeny" that specifically referred to fey folk playing ring-a-rosie. According to "Games and Songs of American Children", published in 1883, the "rosie" was a reference to the French word for rose tree and the children would dance and stoop to the person in the center. Variations, especially more literal ones, were identified and noted with the literal Answer the following question based on the given information or your internal knowledge with one or few words without the source. Question: where does the song ring around the rosie originate from

Europe

Given the following information: Passage-0 Title: Fourth Anglo-Mysore War Content: the future 1st Duke of Wellington), marched into Mysore in 1799 and besieged the capital, Srirangapatnam, after some engagements with Tipu. On 8 March, a forward force managed to hold off an advance by Tipu at the Battle of Seedaseer. On 4 May, in the Battle of Seringapatam, broke through the defending walls. Tipu Sultan, rushing to the breach, was shot and killed. Today, the spot where Tipu's body was discovered under the eastern gate has been fenced off by the Archaeological Survey of India, and a plaque erected. The gate was later demolished during the 19th century to lay Passage-1 Title: Srirangapatna Content: the last engagement of the Fourth Anglo-Mysore War. The Battle of Seringapatam, 1799, was truly momentous in its historic effects. At the battle's climax, Tipu Sultan was killed within the fort of Seringapatam, betrayed by one of his own confidants; the spot where he ultimately fell is marked by a memorial. For the last time in history, Seringapatam had been the scene of political change in the Sultanate of Mysore. The joint forces of the victorious army proceeded to plunder Seringapatam and ransack Tipu's palace. Apart from the usual gold and cash, innumerable valuables and "objets d'art", not excepting even Passage-2 Title: Siege of Seringapatam (1799) Content: of Srirangapatnam) in the months of April and May 1799, between the combined forces of the British East India Company and their allies, numbering over 50,000 soldiers in all, and the soldiers of the Kingdom of Mysore, ruled by Tipu Sultan, numbering up to 30,000. The Fourth Anglo-Mysore War came to an end with the defeat and death of Tipu Sultan in the battle. When the Fourth Anglo-Mysore War broke out, the British assembled two large columns under General George Harris. The first consisted of over 26,000 British East India Company troops, 4,000 of whom were European while the rest Answer the following question based on the given information or your internal knowledge with one or few words without the source. Question: who was defeated and killed in the fourth mysore war at srirangapatna

Tipu Sultan

Given the following information: Passage-0 Title: Jeans Content: Jeans Jeans are a type of pants or trousers, typically made from denim or dungaree cloth. Often the term "jeans" refers to a particular style of trousers, called "blue jeans", which were invented by Jacob W. Davis in partnership with Levi Strauss & Co. in 1871 and patented by Jacob W. Davis and Levi Strauss on May 20, 1873. Prior to the Levi Strauss patented trousers, the term "blue jeans" had been long in use for various garments (including trousers, overalls, and coats), constructed from blue-colored denim. "Jean" also references a (historic) type of sturdy cloth commonly made with a Passage-1 Title: Jeans Content: to England and used for manufacturing of cheap, robust working clothes. In English, the word "dungri" became pronounced as "dungaree". The term jeans appears first in 1795, when a Swiss banker by the name Jean-Gabriel Eynard and his brother Jacques went to Genoa and both were soon heading a flourishing commercial concern. In 1800 Massena's troops entered the town and Jean-Gabriel was entrusted with their supply. In particular he furnished them with uniforms cut from blue cloth called "bleu de Genes" whence later derives the famous garment known worldwide as "blue jeans". Levi Strauss, as a young man in 1851, Passage-2 Title: Jeans Content: of low-rise jeans, famous in 1990s and 2000s as sagging, was coming back in fashion due to celebrities like Justin Bieber endorsing it. Low-rise jeans are usually worn 2-3 inches or more below the navel. Jeans Jeans are a type of pants or trousers, typically made from denim or dungaree cloth. Often the term "jeans" refers to a particular style of trousers, called "blue jeans", which were invented by Jacob W. Davis in partnership with Levi Strauss & Co. in 1871 and patented by Jacob W. Davis and Levi Strauss on May 20, 1873. Prior to the Levi Strauss patented Answer the following question based on the given information or your internal knowledge with one or few words without the source. Question: where did the term blue jeans come from

blue-colored denim

Given the following information: Passage-0 Title: West Coast Eagles Content: founded in 1986 as an expansion team. It entered the AFL, then known as the Victorian Football League, in 1987 along with Queensland's Brisbane Bears. It reached the finals series for the first time in 1988, and won its first premiership in 1992, having been defeated in the grand final the previous year. It is the first non-Victorian team to play in and win a grand final. The Eagles have since won three more premierships, in 1994, 2006 and 2018. The club is currently coached by Adam Simpson and captained by Shannon Hurn. From 2013 to 2018, the East Perth Passage-1 Title: History of the West Coast Eagles Content: History of the West Coast Eagles The West Coast Eagles is an Australian rules football club based in Perth, Western Australia, currently playing in the Australian Football League (AFL). The club was formed in 1986, and played its first season in the competition in 1987. Having lost the 1991 grand final to , the club won premierships in 1992 and 1994, becoming one of the most successful teams of the 1990s. West Coast won its third premiership in 2006, but declined afterwards, finishing last in 2010, before undergoing a rapid resurgence the following season to finish fourth in 2011. In Passage-2 Title: West Coast Eagles Content: Football Club, which competes in the West Australian Football League (WAFL), served as West Coast's reserves team. From 2019 the Eagles will field a reserves team in the WAFL. The Eagles have won the second most premierships (four, second to Hawthorn) in the AFL era (1990 onwards) and are one of the most supported and financially dominant clubs in the league. The West Coast Eagles were selected in 1986 as one of two expansion teams to enter the Victorian Football League (VFL) the following season, along with the Brisbane Bears. Ron Alexander was appointed as the team's inaugural coach in Answer the following question based on the given information or your internal knowledge with one or few words without the source. Question: when did west coast eagles start in the afl

1987

Given the following information: Passage-0 Title: United States House of Representatives Content: consider bills. Each party elects a floor leader, who is known as the Majority Leader or Minority Leader. The Minority Leader heads their party in the House, and the Majority Leader is their party's second-highest-ranking official, behind the Speaker. Party leaders decide what legislation members of their party should either support or oppose. Each party also elects a Whip, who works to ensure that the party's members vote as the party leadership desires. The current majority whip in the House of Representatives is Steve Scalise, who is a member of the Republican Party. The current minority whip is Steny Hoyer, Passage-1 Title: Majority leader Content: being third in line of succession to the presidency). In the United States House of Representatives, the majority leader is elected by U.S. Congresspeople in the political party holding the largest number of seats in the House. While the responsibilities vary depending upon the political climate, the Majority Leader of the United States House of Representatives typically sets the floor agenda and oversees the committee chairmen. Given the two-party nature of the U.S. system, the majority leader is almost inevitably either a Republican or a Democrat. The majority leader is often assisted in their role by whips, whose job is Passage-2 Title: Whip (politics) Content: the representative's seniority (i.e., in most cases, on the length of time they have held office). In the Senate, the majority whip is the third-highest ranking individual in the majority party (the party with the most seats). The majority whip is outranked by the majority leader and, unofficially, the president pro tempore. As the office of president pro tempore is largely honorific and usually given to the longest-serving senator of the majority, the majority whip is in reality the second-ranking senator in the majority conference. Similarly, in the House, the majority whip is outranked by both the majority leader and Answer the following question based on the given information or your internal knowledge with one or few words without the source. Question: who is the majority whip in the house of representatives

Steve Scalise

Given the following information: Passage-0 Title: Brabham Content: front from the start of the season. At the French Grand Prix at Reims-Gueux, Brabham became the first man to win a Formula One world championship race in a car bearing his own name. Only his former teammate, Bruce McLaren, has since matched the achievement. It was the first in a run of four straight wins for the Australian veteran. Brabham won his third title in 1966, becoming the only driver to win the Formula One World Championship in a car carrying his own name ("cf" Surtees, Hill and Fittipaldi Automotive). In 1967, the title went to Brabham's teammate, New Passage-1 Title: Brabham Content: the "works" Brabham team. Bold results indicate a championship win. All race and championship results are taken from the Official Formula 1 Website. 1962 Season review. www.formula1.com. Retrieved 27 April 2006 Brabham Brabham is the common name for Motor Racing Developments Ltd., a British racing car manufacturer and Formula One racing team. Founded in 1960 by two Australians, driver Jack Brabham and designer Ron Tauranac, the team won four Drivers' and two Constructors' World Championships in its 30-year Formula One history. Jack Brabham's 1966 FIA Drivers' Championship remains the only such achievement using a car bearing the driver's own name. Passage-2 Title: 1966 Formula One season Content: a car of his own manufacture with an Australian engineered Repco V8 engine. In winning the championship in his own car, Australian Brabham became the first and (as of ) the only driver to ever win the World Championship in a car carrying his own name (the BT19 and BT20 models used were designed by Brabham's business partner Ron Tauranac). It is also the first time in the history of the World Championship dating back to that a non European or British car had won the championship. Although both Jack Brabham and his teammate, New Zealander Denny Hulme both retired Answer the following question based on the given information or your internal knowledge with one or few words without the source. Question: who was the last f1 driver to race a car bearing his own surname

Brabham

Given the following information: Passage-0 Title: Spanish naming customs Content: middle-name "Albert" to the composite name "George Albert", and his sole surname, "Duran", is duplicated as his paternal and maternal surnames. Historically, flamenco artists seldom used their proper names. According to the flamenco guitarist Juan Serrano, this was because flamenco was considered disreputable and they did not want to embarrass their families: This tradition has persisted to the present day, even though Flamenco is now legitimate. Sometimes the artistic name consists of the home town appended to the first name (Manolo Sanlúcar, Ramón de Algeciras); but many, perhaps most, of such names are more eccentric: Pepe de la Matrona (because Passage-1 Title: Duran Duran Content: Duran Duran Duran Duran () are an English new wave and synth-pop band formed in Birmingham in 1978. The band grew from being alternative sensations, in 1982, to mainstream pop stars by 1984. By the end of the decade, membership and music style changes challenged the band before a resurgence in the early 1990s. The group were a leading band in the MTV-driven "Second British Invasion" of the US. The band achieved 14 singles in the top 10 of the UK Singles Chart and 21 in the "Billboard" Hot 100, and have sold over 100 million records worldwide. When the Passage-2 Title: Duran Duran Content: Current members Former members Timeline Duran Duran Duran Duran () are an English new wave and synth-pop band formed in Birmingham in 1978. The band grew from being alternative sensations, in 1982, to mainstream pop stars by 1984. By the end of the decade, membership and music style changes challenged the band before a resurgence in the early 1990s. The group were a leading band in the MTV-driven "Second British Invasion" of the US. The band achieved 14 singles in the top 10 of the UK Singles Chart and 21 in the "Billboard" Hot 100, and have sold over 100 Answer the following question based on the given information or your internal knowledge with one or few words without the source. Question: where does the last name duran originate from

Spanish

Given the following information: Passage-0 Title: Canada Content: Canada Canada () is a country in the northern part of North America. Its ten provinces and three territories extend from the Atlantic to the Pacific and northward into the Arctic Ocean, covering , making it the world's second-largest country by total area. Canada's southern border with the United States is the world's longest bi-national land border. Its capital is Ottawa, and its three largest metropolitan areas are Toronto, Montreal, and Vancouver. As a whole, Canada is sparsely populated, the majority of its land area being dominated by forest and tundra. Consequently, its population is highly urbanized, with over 80 Passage-1 Title: North America Content: metropolitan area by population in North America: Greater Mexico City. Canada also breaks into the top ten largest metropolitan areas with the Toronto metropolitan area having six million people. The proximity of cities to each other on the Canada–United States border and Mexico–United States border has led to the rise of international metropolitan areas. These urban agglomerations are observed at their largest and most productive in Detroit–Windsor and San Diego–Tijuana and experience large commercial, economic, and cultural activity. The metropolitan areas are responsible for millions of dollars of trade dependent on international freight. In Detroit-Windsor the Border Transportation Partnership study Passage-2 Title: British Columbia Content: of British Columbia, and Victoria became the united colony's capital. In 1871, British Columbia became the sixth province of Canada. Its Latin motto is "Splendor sine occasu" ("Splendour without Diminishment"). The capital of British Columbia remains Victoria, the fifteenth-largest metropolitan region in Canada, named for Queen Victoria who ruled during the creation of the original colonies. The largest city is Vancouver, the third-largest metropolitan area in Canada, the largest in Western Canada, and the second-largest in the Pacific Northwest. In October 2013, British Columbia had an estimated population of 4,606,371 (about 2.5 million of whom were in Greater Vancouver). The Answer the following question based on the given information or your internal knowledge with one or few words without the source. Question: which city is canada's largest metropolitan area

Toronto

Given the following information: Passage-0 Title: Buddhism in Japan Content: of the sixth century. 816: Kūkai founds . One of the major schools of Buddhism in Japan today and one of the few surviving Vajrayana lineages in East Asia, it originally spread from India to China through traveling monks such as Vajrabodhi and Amoghavajra. Known in Chinese as the Tangmi, these esoteric teachings would flourish in Japan under the auspices of a Buddhist monk named , who traveled to Tang China in 804 as part of the same expedition as Saichō. In the capital he studied Tangmi and Sanskrit and received initiation from Huiguo. On returning to Japan, Kūkai eventually Passage-1 Title: Buddhism in Japan Content: 67 CE. Historians generally agree that by the middle of the 1st century, the religion had penetrated to areas north of the Huai River in China. According to the "Book of Liang", which was written in 635, five Buddhist monks from Gandhara traveled to Japan in 467. At the time, they referred to Japan as Fusang (), the name of a mythological country to the extreme east beyond the sea: Although there are records of Buddhist monks from China coming to Japan before the Asuka Period, the "official" introduction of Buddhism to Japan is dated to 552 in "Nihon Shoki" Passage-2 Title: Buddhism in Japan Content: when King Seong of Baekje (聖明王, now western Korea) sent a mission to the Emperor Kinmei that included Buddhist monks or nuns together with an image of Buddha and a number of sutras to introduce Buddhism. The powerful Soga clan played a key role in the early spread of Buddhism in the country. Initial uptake of the new faith was slow, and Buddhism only started to spread some years later when Empress Suiko openly encouraged the acceptance of Buddhism among all Japanese people. According to legend, in Japan in 552, there was an attempt to destroy a tooth relic, one Answer the following question based on the given information or your internal knowledge with one or few words without the source. Question: buddhism was transmitted to japan by way of

five Buddhist monks from Gandhara

Given the following information: Passage-0 Title: The Walking Dead (season 7) Content: The Walking Dead (season 7) The seventh season of "The Walking Dead", an American post-apocalyptic horror television series on AMC, premiered on October 23, 2016, and concluded on April 2, 2017, consisting of 16 episodes. Developed for television by Frank Darabont, the series is based on the eponymous series of comic books by Robert Kirkman, Tony Moore, and Charlie Adlard. The executive producers are Kirkman, David Alpert, Scott M. Gimple, Greg Nicotero, Tom Luse, and Gale Anne Hurd, with Gimple as showrunner for the fourth consecutive season. The seventh season received mixed reviews from critics. It was nominated for multiple Passage-1 Title: The Walking Dead (season 7) Content: starring", in the second episode onwards. Tom Payne and Xander Berkeley were also promoted to series regulars in the second episode and beyond. This is the first season not to include Alexandra Breckenridge and Tovah Feldshuh (since their first appearance on the show), who were both credited as series regulars in the previous season. "The Walking Dead" was renewed by AMC for a 16-episode seventh season on October 30, 2015. Filming for season 7 began in Georgia on May 2, 2016 and concluded on November 18, 2016. Actors Jeffrey Dean Morgan, Xander Berkeley, Tom Payne, and Austin Amelio were all Passage-2 Title: The Walking Dead (season 7) Content: communities of the Hilltop, the Kingdom, Oceanside, and the Scavengers, who have had their own dealings with Negan and the Saviors. The seventh season features twenty series regulars overall. For the season premiere, Jeffrey Dean Morgan and Austin Amelio were promoted to series regular status, with Morgan added to the opening credits and Amelio listed under "Also starring". After the first episode aired, the cast faced numerous changes: Steven Yeun and Michael Cudlitz were removed from the opening credits, while Alanna Masterson, Josh McDermitt and Christian Serratos were added to the opening credits, respectively, after previously being credited as "Also Answer the following question based on the given information or your internal knowledge with one or few words without the source. Question: when did season 7 of the walking dead start

October 23, 2016

Given the following information: Passage-0 Title: The Flash (season 5) Content: Martin's back injury, the majority of his scenes were shot depicting Joe seated. In May 2018, "Arrow" star Stephen Amell announced at The CW upfronts that the next Arrowverse crossover would feature Batwoman and Gotham City. The crossover "Elseworlds" is slated to launch a 2019 solo series for the character. The season premiered on The CW in the United States on October 9, 2018. The annual crossover episode will swap time-slots with "Supergirl" for that week and will air on Sunday, December 9. The main cast of the season as well as executive producer Todd Helbing attended San Diego Comic-Con Passage-1 Title: The Flash (season 5) Content: The Flash (season 5) The fifth season of the American television series "The Flash", which is based on the DC Comics character Barry Allen / Flash, premiered on The CW on October 9, 2018 and is set to consist of 22 episodes. The season follows Barry, a crime scene investigator with superhuman speed who fights criminals, including others who have also gained superhuman abilities, as he deals with the consequences of his future daughter's time traveling. It is set in the Arrowverse, sharing continuity with the other television series of the universe, and is a spin-off of "Arrow". The season Passage-2 Title: The Flash (season 5) Content: is produced by Berlanti Productions, Warner Bros. Television, and DC Entertainment, with Todd Helbing serving as showrunner. The season was ordered in April 2018, and production began that July. Grant Gustin stars as Barry, with principal cast members Candice Patton, Danielle Panabaker, Carlos Valdes, Tom Cavanagh, and Jesse L. Martin also returning from previous seasons, while Hartley Sawyer, Danielle Nicolet, and Jessica Parker Kennedy were promoted to series regulars from their recurring statuses in season four. They are joined by new cast member Chris Klein. <onlyinclude></onlyinclude> Danielle Panabaker will direct the eighteenth episode of the season. Rebecca Johnson and Kevin Answer the following question based on the given information or your internal knowledge with one or few words without the source. Question: when is the premiere of the flash season 5

October 9, 2018

Given the following information: Passage-0 Title: Allison Janney Content: and the early 2000s films "Nurse Betty", "The Hours", "The Chumscrubber", "How to Deal", "Winter Solstice", and a considerable voice role in the animated movie "Finding Nemo", voicing Peach, the starfish. In 2006, she had roles in the feature films "Margaret" and "Over the Hedge". That same year, Janney was nominated for the Independent Spirit Award for Best Supporting Female for her performance in the film "Our Very Own". In 2007, she appeared in "Juno", playing the part of Bren MacGuff, the title character's stepmother, for which she won the Austin Film Critics Association Award for Best Supporting Actress. In Passage-1 Title: Finding Nemo Content: that the film would be pushed back to a UK July 29, 2016 release. Pixar's "The Good Dinosaur" was moved to the November 25, 2015 slot to allow more time for production of the film. Finding Nemo Finding Nemo is a 2003 American computer-animated adventure film produced by Pixar Animation Studios and released by Walt Disney Pictures. Written and directed by Andrew Stanton with co-direction by Lee Unkrich, the film stars the voices of Albert Brooks, Ellen DeGeneres, Alexander Gould, and Willem Dafoe. It tells the story of the overprotective ocellaris clownfish named Marlin who, along with a regal blue Passage-2 Title: Finding Nemo Content: Finding Nemo Finding Nemo is a 2003 American computer-animated adventure film produced by Pixar Animation Studios and released by Walt Disney Pictures. Written and directed by Andrew Stanton with co-direction by Lee Unkrich, the film stars the voices of Albert Brooks, Ellen DeGeneres, Alexander Gould, and Willem Dafoe. It tells the story of the overprotective ocellaris clownfish named Marlin who, along with a regal blue tang named Dory, searches for his abducted son Nemo all the way to Sydney Harbour. Along the way, Marlin learns to take risks and comes to terms with Nemo taking care of himself. "Finding Nemo" Answer the following question based on the given information or your internal knowledge with one or few words without the source. Question: who does the voice of peach in finding nemo

Allison Janney

Given the following information: Passage-0 Title: Johnny Depp Content: Looking Glass", the sequel to "Alice in Wonderland". Depp was secretly cast to play Gellert Grindelwald in a cameo appearance in the 2016 film "Fantastic Beasts and Where to Find Them", a role he is expected to reprise in all future sequels. Grindelwald is a dark wizard who once shared a close relationship with Albus Dumbledore, a major character in the "Harry Potter" film series. In November 2016, Depp teamed with David Lynch, JK Simmons, Laura Dern, Penelope Ann Miller, Chad Coleman, Richard Chamberlain, Catherine Hardwicke, Theodore Melfi, Sam Raimi, Peter Farrelly, and the non-profit Make A Film Foundation for Passage-1 Title: Fantastic Beasts: The Crimes of Grindelwald Content: Fantastic Beasts: The Crimes of Grindelwald Fantastic Beasts: The Crimes of Grindelwald is a 2018 fantasy film directed by David Yates and written by J. K. Rowling. A joint British and American production, it is the sequel to "Fantastic Beasts and Where to Find Them" (2016). It is the second instalment in the "Fantastic Beasts" film series, and the tenth overall in the Wizarding World franchise, which began with the "Harry Potter" film series. The film features an ensemble cast that includes Eddie Redmayne, Katherine Waterston, Dan Fogler, Alison Sudol, Ezra Miller, Zoë Kravitz, Callum Turner, Claudia Kim, William Nadylam, Passage-2 Title: Fantastic Beasts: The Crimes of Grindelwald Content: Kevin Guthrie, Jude Law, and Johnny Depp. The plot follows Newt Scamander and Albus Dumbledore as they attempt to take down the dark wizard Gellert Grindelwald, while facing new threats in a more divided wizarding world. A second "Fantastic Beasts" film was announced in October 2014, and in July 2016 Rowling confirmed she had completed the script. Depp was cast in November 2016, causing some controversy due to domestic violence allegations recently made against him, and Law signed on in April 2017. Principal photography on the film began at Warner Bros. Studios in Leavesden in July 2017. Filming also took Answer the following question based on the given information or your internal knowledge with one or few words without the source. Question: who plays grindelwald in fantastic beasts and where to find them

Johnny Depp

Given the following information: Passage-0 Title: Wizards of Waverly Place Content: Wizards of Waverly Place Wizards of Waverly Place is an American fantasy teen sitcom which ran from October 12, 2007 to January 6, 2012 on Disney Channel. The series was created by Todd J. Greenwald, and stars Selena Gomez, David Henrie and Jake T. Austin as three wizard siblings with magical abilities competing to win sole custody of the family powers. Further main cast includes Jennifer Stone, Maria Canals Barrera, and David DeLuise. The series won "Outstanding Children's Program" at the 61st Primetime Emmy Awards in 2009. A film adaptation of the series, "", premiered as a Disney Channel Original Passage-1 Title: Wizards of Waverly Place Content: of Waverly Place" chronicles the adventures of the Russo Family. The Russos live on Waverly Place in Manhattan's Greenwich Village, above a sandwich shop which they own and run. The family consists of siblings Alex (Selena Gomez), Justin (David Henrie), and Max (Jake T. Austin). The three teenagers are wizards and live with their Italian father, Jerry (David DeLuise), a former family wizard, and their mortal Mexican mother, Theresa (Maria Canals Barrera). When the Russo siblings complete their wizard training, they have to participate in a competition to decide who will become the Family Wizard (the one to keep his/her Passage-2 Title: Wizards of Waverly Place Content: Spain, on March 3, 2010 in France and on March 12, 2010 in Poland. Wizards of Waverly Place Wizards of Waverly Place is an American fantasy teen sitcom which ran from October 12, 2007 to January 6, 2012 on Disney Channel. The series was created by Todd J. Greenwald, and stars Selena Gomez, David Henrie and Jake T. Austin as three wizard siblings with magical abilities competing to win sole custody of the family powers. Further main cast includes Jennifer Stone, Maria Canals Barrera, and David DeLuise. The series won "Outstanding Children's Program" at the 61st Primetime Emmy Awards in Answer the following question based on the given information or your internal knowledge with one or few words without the source. Question: who wins the wizard competition in wizards of waverly place

Alex

Given the following information: Passage-0 Title: Dave Allen (actor) Content: Dave Allen (actor) David (Gruber) Allen (born ) is an American television and film actor and comedian, who has been credited in many movies and television roles as Dave Gruber Allen and David Gruber Allen. Allen is known for his work on the 1990 TV series "Higgins Boys and Gruber" and playing guidance counselor Jeff Rosso on the Judd Apatow-produced comedy-drama "Freaks and Geeks". He also played Mr. Kwest on "Ned's Declassified School Survival Guide" and a town troubadour on "Gilmore Girls". Allen had a minor role as an "Electrocuted Ghost" known as "Sparky" in the 2016 film "Ghostbusters". Allen Passage-1 Title: Freaks and Geeks (soundtrack) Content: Andrews, three alternate cast recordings of songs performed on the show ("Lady L" being a fan favorite), an extra performance by "Feedback" and a bonus track by The Leaving Trains. The accompanying booklet features 15 pages of liner notes written by David Wild and Jake Kasdan as well as written track by track commentary by the "Freaks and Geeks" character, guidance counsellor Jeffery Theodore Rosso. Freaks and Geeks (soundtrack) The cult television show "Freaks and Geeks" used music from the show's time period, 1980–1981 for its soundtrack. Because this called for using popular, established artists, purchasing the rights to use Passage-2 Title: Natasha Melnick Content: Natasha Melnick Natasha Melnick (born April 10, 1984) is an American television and film actress. She is perhaps best known for her role as Cindy Sanders on the short-lived 1999 NBC comedy-drama "Freaks and Geeks". Melnick was born in Los Angeles, California. She graduated from San Fernando High School in Southern California's San Fernando Valley, and enrolled in college at age fifteen in the fall of 1999. Her first film appearance was in Disney's "The Parent Trap". Since then, she has appeared in films such as "Go" and "Orange County". Melnick is perhaps best known for her role as cheerleader Answer the following question based on the given information or your internal knowledge with one or few words without the source. Question: who plays the guidance counselor on freaks and geeks

David (Gruber) Allen

Given the following information: Passage-0 Title: Chinese Exclusion Act Content: Chinese Exclusion Act The Chinese Exclusion Act was a United States federal law signed by President Chester A. Arthur on May 6, 1882, prohibiting all immigration of Chinese laborers. Building on the 1875 Page Act, which banned Chinese women from immigrating to the United States, the Chinese Exclusion Act was the first law implemented to prevent all members of a specific ethnic or national group from immigrating. The act followed the Angell Treaty of 1880, a set of revisions to the U.S.–China Burlingame Treaty of 1868 that allowed the U.S. to suspend Chinese immigration. The act was initially intended to Passage-1 Title: Chinese Exclusion Act Content: last for 10 years, but was renewed in 1892 with the Geary Act and made permanent in 1902. It was repealed by the Magnuson Act on December 17, 1943, which allowed 105 Chinese to enter per year. Chinese immigration later increased with the passage of the Immigration and Nationality Act of 1952, which abolished direct racial barriers, and later by Immigration and Nationality Act of 1965, which abolished the National Origins Formula. The first significant Chinese immigration to North America began with the California Gold Rush of 1848–1855 and it continued with subsequent large labor projects, such as the building Passage-2 Title: Chinese Exclusion Act Content: of foreigners [is] an incident of sovereignty belonging to the government of the United States as a part of those sovereign powers delegated by the constitution." The Act was renewed for ten years by the 1892 Geary Act, and again with no terminal date in 1902. When the act was extended in 1902, it required "each Chinese resident to register and obtain a certificate of residence. Without a certificate, he or she faced deportation." Between 1882 and 1905, about 10,000 Chinese appealed against negative immigration decisions to federal court, usually via a petition for habeas corpus. In most of these Answer the following question based on the given information or your internal knowledge with one or few words without the source. Question: when was the chinese exclusion act made permanent

1902

Given the following information: Passage-0 Title: Back That Thang Up Content: Back That Thang Up "Back That Thang Up" (or the uncensored version "Back That Azz Up") is a song recorded by American hip-hop artist Juvenile. It was released on February 24, 1999 as the second single from his 1998 album "400 Degreez". The song was Juvenile's biggest hit single until the release of "Slow Motion" in 2004, peaking at number 19 on the "Billboard" Hot 100. Also performing verses on "Back That Thang Up" are the song's producer, Mannie Fresh, and Juvenile's fellow Hot Boy, Lil Wayne. Wayne's verse ("After you back it up and stop/then drop, drop, drop, drop Passage-1 Title: Back That Thing Up Content: Back That Thing Up "Back That Thing Up" is a song written by Jeremy Stover and Randy Houser and recorded by American country music artist Justin Moore. It was released in July 2008 as Moore’s debut single and the first from his self titled debut album. The song peaked at number 38 on the US "Billboard" Hot Country Songs chart. The song uses elements of country rap and country rock as well as sexual innuendo to describe a girl handling equipment on a farm (e.g. "Throw it in reverse, let Daddy load it up"). Kevin John Coyne of "Country Universe" Passage-2 Title: Back That Thing Up Content: Hot Country Songs chart for the week of August 23, 2008. Back That Thing Up "Back That Thing Up" is a song written by Jeremy Stover and Randy Houser and recorded by American country music artist Justin Moore. It was released in July 2008 as Moore’s debut single and the first from his self titled debut album. The song peaked at number 38 on the US "Billboard" Hot Country Songs chart. The song uses elements of country rap and country rock as well as sexual innuendo to describe a girl handling equipment on a farm (e.g. "Throw it in reverse, Answer the following question based on the given information or your internal knowledge with one or few words without the source. Question: who sings when you back that thing up

Juvenile

Given the following information: Passage-0 Title: Principles of Economics (Marshall) Content: Principles of Economics (Marshall) Principles of Economics is a leading political economy or economics textbook of Alfred Marshall (1842–1924), first published in 1890. It ran into many editions and was the standard text for generations of economics students. Marshall began writing the "Principles of Economics" in 1881 and he spent much of the next decade at work on the treatise. His plan for the work gradually extended to a two-volume compilation on the whole of economic thought; the first volume was published in 1890 to worldwide acclaim that established him as one of the leading economists of his time. The Passage-1 Title: Ray Fair Content: Ray Fair Ray Clarence Fair (born October 4, 1942) is the John M. Musser Professor of Economics at Yale University. Fair received his B.A. from Fresno State College in 1964 and his Ph.D. from MIT in 1968. He spent several years at Princeton University before moving to Yale. He is now a professor within the Cowles Foundation and the International Center for Finance. Fair's teaching and research interests include macroeconomic theory, econometrics, and macroeconometric modeling. He is the author, along with Karl Case of Wellesley College, of the economics textbook "Principles of Economics". He has also authored several books pertaining Passage-2 Title: Alfred Marshall Content: Alfred Marshall Alfred Marshall, FBA (26 July 1842 – 13 July 1924) was one of the most influential economists of his time. His book, "Principles of Economics" (1890), was the dominant economic textbook in England for many years. It brings the ideas of supply and demand, marginal utility, and costs of production into a coherent whole. He is known as one of the founders of neoclassical economics. Although Marshall took economics to a more mathematically rigorous level, he did not want mathematics to overshadow economics and thus make economics irrelevant to the layman. Marshall was born in London. His father Answer the following question based on the given information or your internal knowledge with one or few words without the source. Question: who is the author of book entitled principles of economics

Alfred Marshall

Given the following information: Passage-0 Title: Cadillac Content: for the American automotive industry. Cadillac was the first American car to win the Royal Automobile Club of the United Kingdom's Dewar Trophy by successfully demonstrating the interchangeability of its component parts during a reliability test in 1908; this spawned the firm's slogan "Standard of the World". It won the trophy again in 1912 for incorporating electric starting and lighting in a production automobile. Cadillac was formed from the remnants of the Henry Ford Company. After a dispute between Henry Ford and his investors, Ford left the company along with several of his key partners in March 1902. Ford's financial Passage-1 Title: W. Edwards Deming Content: United States, largely unknown and unrecognized in his country of origin and work. In 1980, he was featured prominently in an NBC TV documentary titled "If Japan can... Why can't we?" about the increasing industrial competition the United States was facing from Japan. As a result of the broadcast, demand for his services increased dramatically, and Deming continued consulting for industry throughout the world until his death at the age of 93. Ford Motor Company was one of the first American corporations to seek help from Deming. In 1981, Ford's sales were falling. Between 1979 and 1982, Ford had incurred Passage-2 Title: Automotive industry in the United States Content: (GM), the company that would soon become the world's largest automaker, was founded in 1908 by William Durant. Durant had previously been a carriage maker, and had taken control of Buick in 1904. The company initially acquired Buick, Oldsmobile and Oakland (later to become Pontiac) in 1908. The next year GM acquired Cadillac, along with a number of other car companies and parts suppliers. Durant also was interested in acquiring Ford, but after initial merger talks, Henry Ford decided to keep his company independent. In 1910, Durant lost control of GM after over-extending the company with its acquisitions. A group Answer the following question based on the given information or your internal knowledge with one or few words without the source. Question: what was the first us company to receive the deming prize

GC America

Given the following information: Passage-0 Title: June Lockhart Content: June Lockhart June Lockhart (born June 25, 1925) is an American actress, primarily in 1950s and 1960s television, also with performances on stage and in film. On two television series she played mother roles, "Lassie" and "Lost in Space". She also portrayed Dr. Janet Craig on the CBS television sitcom "Petticoat Junction" (1968–70). She is a two-time Emmy Award nominee and a Tony Award winner. Born on June 25, 1925, in New York, Lockhart is the daughter of Canadian-born actor Gene Lockhart, who came to prominence on Broadway in 1933 in "Ah, Wilderness!", and English-born actress Kathleen Arthur Lockhart. Her Passage-1 Title: June Lockhart Content: in 1959. She married architect John Lindsay that same year, but they divorced in October 1970 and she has not remarried since. Anne has taken her mother's maiden name for her stage name, and has appeared in films and television programs. June Lockhart June Lockhart (born June 25, 1925) is an American actress, primarily in 1950s and 1960s television, also with performances on stage and in film. On two television series she played mother roles, "Lassie" and "Lost in Space". She also portrayed Dr. Janet Craig on the CBS television sitcom "Petticoat Junction" (1968–70). She is a two-time Emmy Award Passage-2 Title: June Lockhart Content: character in that film was played by her daughter, Anne Lockhart. They had previously played the same woman at two different ages in the "Lest We Forget" episode of the television series "Magnum, P.I." (1981). In 1991, Lockhart appeared as Miss Wiltrout, Michelle Tanner's kindergarten teacher on the TV sitcom "Full House". She also had a cameo in the 1998 film "Lost in Space", based on the television series she had starred in thirty years earlier. In 2002, she appeared in two episodes of "The Drew Carey Show" as Lewis's mother, Misty Kiniski, alongside fellow TV mom Marion Ross, who Answer the following question based on the given information or your internal knowledge with one or few words without the source. Question: who was the mother in lost in space

June Lockhart

Given the following information: Passage-0 Title: Stamp act Content: the use of stamps. In Jamaica there was also vocal opposition, and much evasion of the stamps. British merchants and manufacturers, whose exports to the colonies were threatened by colonial boycotts, also pressured Parliament. The act was repealed in early 1766, although the Declaratory Act maintained Parliament's right to tax the colonies. "Revenue stamps" were revived in the United States during the American Civil War. In 1862, the United States (Union) government began taxing a variety of goods, services, and legal dealings, in an effort to raise revenue for the great costs of the war. To confirm that taxes were Passage-1 Title: Stamp act Content: was first devised in the Netherlands in 1624 after a public competition to find a new form of tax. Stamp acts have been enforced in many countries, including Australia, Canada, People's Republic of China, Ireland, India, Malaysia, Israel, the United Kingdom, and the United States of America. The taxes raised under a stamp act are called stamp duty. Stamps acts were enacted in various Australian states in 1878, 1882, 1886, 1890, and 1894, with amendments from 1892 to 1907. According to these acts, stamps were required on many types of business transactions: negotiable instruments, promissory notes, bills of lading, and Passage-2 Title: Stamp Act Congress Content: Stamp Act Congress The Stamp Act Congress, or First Congress of the American Colonies, was a meeting held between October 7 and 25, 1765, in New York City, consisting of representatives from some of the British colonies in North America; it was the first gathering of elected representatives from several of the American colonies to devise a unified protest against new British taxation. Parliament had passed the Stamp Act, which required the use of specially stamped paper for legal documents, playing cards, calendars, newspapers and dice for virtually all business in the colonies, and was going into effect on November Answer the following question based on the given information or your internal knowledge with one or few words without the source. Question: who was the driving force behind the stamp act

American colonial society

Given the following information: Passage-0 Title: Abigail Spencer Content: Festival Award for Best Actress for her performance in film. In 2014, Spencer appeared opposite Jason Bateman in the comedy-drama film "This Is Where I Leave You", an ensemble comedy directed by Shawn Levy, and starred with John Travolta and Christopher Plummer in the crime thriller film "The Forger". In October 2014, Spencer joined the cast of the second season of HBO crime drama series, "True Detective". In 2016, Spencer was cast as lead character Lucy Preston in the NBC series "Timeless", where she plays a history professor sent on time travel missions to different eras in an effort to Passage-1 Title: Abigail Spencer Content: prevent others from disrupting the U.S.-related timestream. A review of the series in "Variety" called Spencer "prodigiously talented" and that she played "a character whose major personality traits are 'smart' and 'plucky.'" A review by "Deadline Hollywood" said that the show was a waste of Spencer's talents. "The New York Times" wrote that "Abigail Spencer is good as Lucy, the spunky historian who is the show's central character." "Timeless" was renewed by NBC on May 12, 2017. The network had cancelled the series days earlier, but reversed the decision. The series ended after two seasons. Spencer married Andrew Pruett in Passage-2 Title: Charlene Tilton Content: have been given. He was very protective because I was so young, but also expected the best from me on the set of Dallas. He was one of the best actors the world has ever known. To me, he will always be my Uncle Larry. I am so so very sad, but cherish the lifetime of memories I have with him." Charlene Tilton Charlene L. Tilton (born December 1, 1958) is an American actress and singer. She is best known for playing Lucy Ewing, the saucy niece of John "J.R." Ewing Jr. (played by Larry Hagman), on the television series Answer the following question based on the given information or your internal knowledge with one or few words without the source. Question: who plays lucy on the tv show timeless

Abigail Spencer

Given the following information: Passage-0 Title: Common year starting on Monday Content: Common year starting on Monday A common year starting on Monday is any non-leap year (i.e., a year with 365 days) that begins on Monday, 1 January, and ends on Monday, 31 December. Its dominical letter hence is G. The current year, 2018, is a common year starting on Monday in the Gregorian calendar. The last such year was 2007 and the next such year will be 2029, or likewise, 2013 and 2019 in the obsolete Julian calendar. The century year, 1900, was also a common year starting on Monday in the Gregorian calendar. See below for more. Any common Passage-1 Title: Common year starting on Thursday Content: Common year starting on Thursday A common year starting on Thursday is any non-leap year (i.e. a year with 365 days) that begins on Thursday, 1 January, and ends on Thursday, 31 December. Its dominical letter hence is D. The most recent year of such kind was 2015 and the next one will be 2026 in the Gregorian calendar or, likewise, 2010 and 2021 in the obsolete Julian calendar, see below for more. This common year contains the most Friday the 13ths; specifically, the months of February, March, and November. Leap years starting on Sunday share this characteristic. From February Passage-2 Title: Common year starting on Friday Content: Common year starting on Friday A common year starting on Friday is any non-leap year (i.e. a year with 365 days) that begins on Friday, 1 January, and ends on Friday, 31 December. Its dominical letter hence is C. The most recent year of such kind was 2010 and the next one will be 2021 in the Gregorian calendar, or, likewise, 2011 and 2022 in the obsolete Julian calendar. The century year, 2100, will also be a common year starting on Friday in the Gregorian calendar. See below for more. Any common year that starts on Wednesday, Friday or Saturday Answer the following question based on the given information or your internal knowledge with one or few words without the source. Question: when does easter fall on april fools day again

2029

Given the following information: Passage-0 Title: Charles Dickens Content: formal education, he edited a weekly journal for 20 years, wrote 15 novels, five novellas, hundreds of short stories and non-fiction articles, lectured and performed readings extensively, was an indefatigable letter writer, and campaigned vigorously for children's rights, education, and other social reforms. Dickens's literary success began with the 1836 serial publication of "The Pickwick Papers". Within a few years he had become an international literary celebrity, famous for his humour, satire, and keen observation of character and society. His novels, most published in monthly or weekly instalments, pioneered the serial publication of narrative fiction, which became the dominant Victorian Passage-1 Title: Charles Dickens Content: Charles Dickens Charles John Huffam Dickens (; 7 February 1812 – 9 June 1870) was an English writer and social critic. He created some of the world's best-known fictional characters and is regarded by many as the greatest novelist of the Victorian era. His works enjoyed unprecedented popularity during his lifetime, and by the 20th century critics and scholars had recognised him as a literary genius. His novels and short stories are still widely read today. Born in Portsmouth, Dickens left school to work in a factory when his father was incarcerated in a debtors' prison. Despite his lack of Passage-2 Title: Charles Dickens Content: Arts in 1844. Dickens published well over a dozen major novels and novellas, a large number of short stories, including a number of Christmas-themed stories, a handful of plays, and several non-fiction books. Dickens's novels were initially serialised in weekly and monthly magazines, then reprinted in standard book formats. Footnotes Notes Bibliography Charles Dickens Charles John Huffam Dickens (; 7 February 1812 – 9 June 1870) was an English writer and social critic. He created some of the world's best-known fictional characters and is regarded by many as the greatest novelist of the Victorian era. His works enjoyed unprecedented popularity Answer the following question based on the given information or your internal knowledge with one or few words without the source. Question: when was dickens considered a success as a writer

1836

Given the following information: Passage-0 Title: Super Bowl XLVI Content: Super Bowl XLVI Super Bowl XLVI (46) was an American football game between the National Football Conference (NFC) champion New York Giants and the American Football Conference (AFC) champion New England Patriots to decide the National Football League (NFL) champion for the 2011 season. The Giants defeated the Patriots by the score of 21–17. The game was played on February 5, 2012 at Lucas Oil Stadium in Indianapolis, the first time that the Super Bowl was played in Indiana. In addition to winning their fourth Super Bowl in team history, the Giants set a new record for the lowest regular Passage-1 Title: New York Giants Content: is the only one of that group still existing, as well as the league's longest-established team in the Northeastern United States. The team ranks third among all NFL franchises with eight NFL championship titles: four in the pre–Super Bowl era (1927, 1934, 1938, 1956) and four since the advent of the Super Bowl (XXI (1986), XXV (1990), XLII (2007), and XLVI (2011)), along with more championship appearances than any other team, with 19 overall appearances. Their championship tally is surpassed only by the Green Bay Packers (13) and Chicago Bears (9). Throughout their history, the Giants have featured 28 Hall Passage-2 Title: 2012 New York Giants season Content: 2012 New York Giants season The New York Giants season was the franchise's 88th season in the National Football League, the ninth under head coach Tom Coughlin and the third playing their home games at MetLife Stadium in East Rutherford, New Jersey. The Giants began the 2012 season as defending Super Bowl Champions for the fourth time in their history, by virtue of their 21–17 victory in Super Bowl XLVI over the New England Patriots. The Giants finished 9–7 for the second straight year, but failed to make the playoffs. This would be the last time the Giants had a Answer the following question based on the given information or your internal knowledge with one or few words without the source. Question: when was the last time the giants went to the super bowl

2011

Given the following information: Passage-0 Title: Walls of Constantinople Content: Walls of Constantinople The Walls of Constantinople are a series of defensive stone walls that have surrounded and protected the city of Constantinople (today Istanbul in Turkey) since its founding as the new capital of the Roman Empire by Constantine the Great. With numerous additions and modifications during their history, they were the last great fortification system of antiquity, and one of the most complex and elaborate systems ever built. Initially built by Constantine the Great, the walls surrounded the new city on all sides, protecting it against attack from both sea and land. As the city grew, the famous Passage-1 Title: Walls of Constantinople Content: repaired, and was used continuously until the late 19th century. Walls of Constantinople The Walls of Constantinople are a series of defensive stone walls that have surrounded and protected the city of Constantinople (today Istanbul in Turkey) since its founding as the new capital of the Roman Empire by Constantine the Great. With numerous additions and modifications during their history, they were the last great fortification system of antiquity, and one of the most complex and elaborate systems ever built. Initially built by Constantine the Great, the walls surrounded the new city on all sides, protecting it against attack from Passage-2 Title: Constantinople Content: Alexandria and had over 100,000 volumes of ancient texts. It was instrumental in the advancement of Christianity during Roman and Byzantine times as the home of the Ecumenical Patriarch of Constantinople and as the guardian of Christendom's holiest relics such as the Crown of Thorns and the True Cross. Constantinople was famed for its massive and complex defences. The first wall of the city was erected by Constantine I, and surrounded the city on both land and sea fronts. Later, in the 5th century, the Praetorian Prefect Anthemius under the child emperor Theodosius II undertook the construction of the Theodosian Answer the following question based on the given information or your internal knowledge with one or few words without the source. Question: who constructed the massive defensive wall around constantinople in the early 5th century ce

Constantine the Great

Given the following information: Passage-0 Title: Modern Family Content: was renewed for a tenth season on May 10, 2017, which premiered on September 26, 2018. Co-creators Levitan and Lloyd have stated that the tenth season is planned to be the series' final, with talks of a spin-off. "Modern Family" was acclaimed by critics throughout its first few seasons, although reception has become more mixed as the series has progressed. The show won the Emmy Award for Outstanding Comedy Series in each of its first five years and the Emmy Award for Outstanding Supporting Actor in a Comedy Series four times, twice each for Eric Stonestreet and Ty Burrell, as Passage-1 Title: Modern Family Content: positive reviews from critics with many critics calling it similar to the fourth and fifth seasons. On Rotten Tomatoes, this season is rated 67% with 6 reviews and an average rating of 6.5/10. Kyle Fowle from "The A.V. Club" had a very mixed reaction to the season, only giving one episode an A- or higher. Fowle felt the season was frustrating, believing the season would be defined "by its lack of character progress and overstuffed episodes." The series was renewed for seasons 9 and 10 in May 2017. In January 2018, Steve Levitan and Christopher Lloyd announced that season 10 Passage-2 Title: Fizbo Content: Fizbo "Fizbo" is the ninth episode of the first season of the American sitcom, "Modern Family" and the ninth episode of the series overall. It originally premiered on ABC in the United States on November 25, 2009. The episode was written by Brad Walsh & Paul Corrigan and directed by Jason Winer. In the episode, Phil and Claire try to throw a party for Luke's birthday. Cameron decides to dress up as his clown character Fizbo to attend, Manny has a hard time impressing a girl after taking advice from Jay and Haley gets jealous of Dylan who talks to Answer the following question based on the given information or your internal knowledge with one or few words without the source. Question: when does season nine of modern family start

September 27, 2017

Given the following information: Passage-0 Title: State funerals in the United States Content: State funerals in the United States State funerals in the United States are the official funerary rites conducted by the Federal Government of the United States in the nation's capital, Washington, D.C. that are offered to a sitting or former President of the United States, a President-elect, and others who have rendered distinguished service to the nation. Administered by the Military District of Washington (MDW), a command unit of the Joint Force Headquarters National Capital Region, state funerals are greatly influenced by protocol, steeped in tradition, and rich in history. However, the overall planning as well as the decision to Passage-1 Title: State funeral Content: State funeral A state funeral is a public funeral ceremony, observing the strict rules of protocol, held to honour people of national significance. State funerals usually include much pomp and ceremony as well as religious overtones and distinctive elements of military tradition. Generally, state funerals are held in order to involve the general public in a national day of mourning after the family of the deceased gives consent. A state funeral will often generate mass publicity from both national and global media outlets. In 1952 Eva Perón died at age 33. She held the title of Spiritual Leader of the Passage-2 Title: State funeral Content: are held in the nation's capital, Washington, D.C., and involve military spectacle, ceremonial pomp, and religious observance. As the highest possible honor bestowed upon a person posthumously, state funerals are an entitlement offered to a sitting or former President of the United States, a President-elect, as well as other people designated by the President. Administered by the Military District of Washington (MDW), state funerals are greatly influenced by protocol, steeped in tradition, and rich in history. However, the overall planning as well as the decision to hold a state funeral, is largely determined by the President before his death and Answer the following question based on the given information or your internal knowledge with one or few words without the source. Question: when does the state pay for a funeral

honour people of national significance

Given the following information: Passage-0 Title: I'd Do Anything for Love (But I Won't Do That) Content: motorcycle. Roy Bittan's piano begins to play along with the guitars. The vocals begin at the 1:50 point. The opening vocals are accompanied by piano and backing vocals. The song then becomes much louder as the band, predominantly piano, plays the main melody for twenty seconds. An instrumental section follows the first verse and chorus, lasting over 45 seconds, with piano playing the title melody, accompanied by guitar and wordless background vocals by Todd Rundgren, Rory Dodd and Kasim Sulton. The lead vocals recommence with another verse. The phrase "sex, drugs and rock 'n' roll" was changed to "Some days Passage-1 Title: I'd Do Anything for Love (But I Won't Do That) Content: Patti Russo. The power ballad was a commercial success, reaching number one in 28 countries. The single was certified platinum in the United States and became Meat Loaf's first and only number-one single on the "Billboard" Hot 100 chart and the UK Singles Chart, and was the best-selling single of 1993 in the United Kingdom. The song earned Meat Loaf a Grammy Award for Best Rock Vocal Performance, Solo. The timings in this article refer to the original album version. There are many shorter single and radio edits. The song opens with a guitar played to sound like a revving Passage-2 Title: I'd Do Anything for Love (But I Won't Do That) Content: I'd Do Anything for Love (But I Won't Do That) "I'd Do Anything for Love (But I Won't Do That)" is a song written by Jim Steinman, and recorded by Meat Loaf with Lorraine Crosby. The song was released in 1993 as the first single from the album "." The last six verses feature a female singer who was credited only as "Mrs. Loud" in the album notes. She was later identified as Lorraine Crosby. However, she does not appear in the video, in which her vocals are lip-synched by Dana Patrick. Meat Loaf promoted the single with US vocalist Answer the following question based on the given information or your internal knowledge with one or few words without the source. Question: who sang on i would do anything for love

Lorraine Crosby

Given the following information: Passage-0 Title: Lok Sabha Content: from time to time there under regulate the procedure in Lok Sabha. The items of business, notice of which is received from the Ministers/ Private Members and admitted by the Speaker, are included in the daily List of Business which is printed and circulated to members in advance. For various items of business to be taken up in the House the time is allotted by the House on the recommendations of the Business Advisory Committee. The Speaker presides over the sessions of the House and regulates procedure. Three sessions of Lok Sabha take place in a year: When in session, Passage-1 Title: Lok Sabha Content: two Houses, a joint sitting is held to resolve the differences. In such a session, the members of the Lok Sabha would generally prevail, since the Lok Sabha includes more than twice as many members as the Rajya Sabha. Speaker and Deputy Speaker As per "Article 93" of Indian Constitution, the Lok Sabha has a Speaker and a Deputy Speaker. In the Lok Sabha, both presiding officers—the Speaker and the Deputy Speaker- are elected from among its members by a simple majority of members present and voting in the House. No specific qualifications are prescribed for being elected Speaker; the Passage-2 Title: Lok Sabha Content: Lok Sabha The Lok Sabha (House of the People) is the lower house of India's bicameral Parliament, with the upper house being the Rajya Sabha. Members of the Lok Sabha are elected by adult universal suffrage and a first-past-the-post system to represent their respective constituencies, and they hold their seats for five years or until the body is dissolved by the President on the advice of the council of ministers. The house meets in the Lok Sabha Chambers of the Sansad Bhavan in New Delhi. The maximum strength of the House allotted by the Constitution of India is 552. Currently Answer the following question based on the given information or your internal knowledge with one or few words without the source. Question: who presides over the sessions of lok sabha

Speaker

Given the following information: Passage-0 Title: Deion Sanders Content: Deion Sanders Deion Lin Sanders Sr. (; born August 9, 1967), nicknamed "Primetime", is an American athlete and sports analyst who played in the National Football League (NFL) for 14 seasons. During his football career, he was a member of the Atlanta Falcons, the San Francisco 49ers, the Dallas Cowboys, the Washington Redskins, and the Baltimore Ravens. He also had a part-time career as a baseball outfielder for nine seasons in Major League Baseball (MLB), where he played professionally for the New York Yankees, the Atlanta Braves, the Cincinnati Reds, and the San Francisco Giants. Sanders won two Super Bowl Passage-1 Title: Deion Sanders Content: In September 1990, the Yankees placed Sanders on waivers with the intention of giving him his release, as Yankees' general manager Gene Michael said that Sanders' football career was stunting his baseball development. Sanders later signed with the Atlanta Braves for the 1991 MLB season. On July 31, Sanders hit a key three-run homer to spark a comeback win against the Pittsburgh Pirates during the Braves' run to the National League West Division title. However, he had to leave the Braves the very next day to report to the Atlanta Falcons because of a clause in his NFL contract and Passage-2 Title: Deion Sanders Content: Major League Baseball draft, and he signed with the team on June 22. He opened the 1989 season with the Albany-Colonie Yankees of the Class AA Eastern League. Though Sanders planned to leave the Yankees in July to attend NFL training camp, he became embroiled in a contract dispute with the Falcons, and used the Yankees as leverage. He received a promotion to the major leagues, and spent the summer with the Columbus Clippers of the Class AAA International League. Sanders made his major league baseball debut on May 31, 1989. Sanders made the Yankees' Opening Day roster for the Answer the following question based on the given information or your internal knowledge with one or few words without the source. Question: when did deion sanders play for the atlanta falcons

1989–1993

Given the following information: Passage-0 Title: The Old Man and the Sea Content: The Old Man and the Sea The Old Man and the Sea is a short novel written by the American author Ernest Hemingway in 1951 in Cuba, and published in 1952. It was the last major work of fiction by Hemingway that was published during his lifetime. One of his most famous works, it tells the story of Santiago, an aging Cuban fisherman who struggles with a giant marlin far out in the Gulf Stream off the coast of Cuba. In 1953, "The Old Man and the Sea" was awarded the Pulitzer Prize for Fiction, and it was cited by Passage-1 Title: The Old Man and the Sea Content: poll of the UK's 200 "best-loved novels". In 2007 the book was featured as a plot element in an episode of "South Park" (series 11, episode 6). The Old Man and the Sea The Old Man and the Sea is a short novel written by the American author Ernest Hemingway in 1951 in Cuba, and published in 1952. It was the last major work of fiction by Hemingway that was published during his lifetime. One of his most famous works, it tells the story of Santiago, an aging Cuban fisherman who struggles with a giant marlin far out in the Passage-2 Title: The Old Man and the Sea Content: , "The Old Man and the Sea" is Hemingway's final full-length work published during his lifetime. The book, dedicated to "Charlie Scribner" and to Hemingway's literary editor "Max Perkins", was featured in "Life" magazine on September 1, 1952, and five million copies of the magazine were sold in two days. "The Old Man and the Sea" became a Book of the Month Club selection, and made Hemingway a celebrity. Published in book form on September 1, 1952, the first edition print run was 50,000 copies. The illustrated edition featured black and white pictures by Charles Tunnicliffe and Raymond Sheppard. In Answer the following question based on the given information or your internal knowledge with one or few words without the source. Question: where did hemmingway write the old man and the sea

Cuba

Given the following information: Passage-0 Title: 2017 Georgia Bulldogs football team Content: had suffered their only defeat in the regular season. This was their first conference title since 2005. After the win against Auburn, 2017 became only the fifth season of all time to see Georgia beat all of its traditional rivals (Auburn, Florida, Georgia Tech, Tennessee) in the same season (previously 1980, 1982, 2011, 2012). Georgia received its first ever College Football Playoff appearance against Oklahoma in the school's first Rose Bowl Game since the 1942 season. Georgia won by a score of 54–48 in double overtime. The Bulldogs reached the National Championship game for the first time since 1982, but Passage-1 Title: 2018 Rose Bowl Content: 2018 Rose Bowl The 2018 Rose Bowl was a college football bowl game between the Oklahoma Sooners and the Georgia Bulldogs, played on January 1, 2018 at the Rose Bowl stadium in Pasadena, California. The 104th Rose Bowl Game was a semifinal for the College Football Playoff (CFP), matching two of the top four teams selected by the system's selection committee. Georgia and Oklahoma competed for a spot at the 2018 College Football Playoff National Championship game, to be played on January 8, 2018 at Mercedes-Benz Stadium in Atlanta, Georgia. The Georgia Bulldogs won the game with a 27-yard run Passage-2 Title: 2018 Georgia Bulldogs football team Content: Championship since 2005, defeating Auburn 28–7. Georgia was selected to play in the College Football Playoff for the first time in school history as the #3 seed to face the #2 seed Oklahoma in the Rose Bowl. In an instant classic, Georgia roared back from a 14 point halftime deficit to defeat Oklahoma 54–48 in 2 overtimes earning their first National Championship game appearance. In the National Championship, Georgia was defeated by Alabama 26–23 in overtime. Georgia finished the season 13–2. The SEC media poll was released on July 20, 2018, with the Bulldogs predicted to win the SEC East Answer the following question based on the given information or your internal knowledge with one or few words without the source. Question: when was the last time the georgia bulldogs were in the rose bowl

January 1, 2018

Given the following information: Passage-0 Title: Dave Chappelle Content: in Netflix's history. The third special, "Equanimity", was filmed in September 2017 at the Warner Theater in Washington, D.C., and then on November 20, 2017, Chappelle filmed a fourth special, "The Bird Revelation", at The Comedy Store in Los Angeles. On December 22, 2017, Netflix announced the expansion of the deal to include "The Bird Revelation", which was released with "Equanimity" on December 31. In September 2018, Chappelle's Equanimity received an Emmy Award for Outstanding Variety Special (Pre-Recorded). In 2018 at the 60th Annual Grammy Awards, Chappelle received a Grammy Award for Best Comedy Album for his first two specials Passage-1 Title: Dave Chappelle Content: 21, 2016, Netflix announced that they would be releasing three new stand-up comedy specials from Chappelle in 2017, with Chappelle being paid $20 million per special. The first two specials were released on Netflix on March 21, 2017, which hail directly from Chappelle's personal comedy vault. These two specials were filmed at Austin City Limits Live in April 2015 and at the Hollywood Palladium in March 2016. The specials marked the comedian's first concert specials released in 12 years, and proved to be an immediate success as Netflix announced a month later that they were the most viewed comedy specials Passage-2 Title: Dave Chappelle Content: his specials in one year. Chappelle received his first Emmy Award in 2017 for his guest appearance on "Saturday Night Live". In 2018, he received a Grammy Award for his Netflix specials "The Age of Spin & Deep in the Heart of Texas". "Equanimity", his Netflix special, was nominated in 2018 for three Emmys and received the award for Outstanding Variety Special (Pre-Recorded). David Khari Webber Chappelle was born in Washington, D.C., on August 24, 1973, the youngest of three children. His father, William David Chappelle III, worked as a statistician before becoming a professor at Antioch College in Yellow Answer the following question based on the given information or your internal knowledge with one or few words without the source. Question: how many shows does dave chappelle have on netflix

four

Given the following information: Passage-0 Title: Punxsutawney Phil Content: Punxsutawney Phil Punxsutawney Phil is the name of a groundhog in Punxsutawney, Pennsylvania. On February 2 (Groundhog Day) each year, the borough of Punxsutawney celebrates the legendary groundhog with a festive atmosphere of music and food. During the ceremony, which begins well before the winter sunrise, Phil emerges from his temporary home on Gobbler's Knob, located in a rural area about southeast of town. According to the tradition, if Phil sees his shadow and returns to his hole, he has predicted six more weeks of winter-like weather. If Phil does not see his shadow, he has predicted an "early spring." Passage-1 Title: Punxsutawney Phil Content: February 2, Punxsutawney Phil awakens from his burrow on Gobbler's Knob, is helped to the top of the stump by his handlers, and explains to the President of the Inner Circle, in a language known as "Groundhogese", whether he has seen his shadow. The President of the Inner Circle, the only person able to understand Groundhogese through his possession of an ancient acacia wood cane, then interprets Phil's message, and directs the Vice President to read the proper scroll to the anxiously anticipating crowd gathered on Gobbler's Knob and the masses of "phaithful phollowers" tuned in to live broadcasts around Passage-2 Title: Punxsutawney Phil Content: came out on Candlemas, a hedgehog would cast its shadow, predicting snow all the way into May. When German immigrants settled in Pennsylvania, they transferred the tradition onto local fauna, replacing hedgehogs with groundhogs. Each year two scrolls are prepared by the vice president of the Inner Circle: one says early spring and one says six more weeks of winter. These scrolls are placed during the ceremony on the stump and after Phil is awoken by the crowd, Phil communicates in Groundhogese to the President who is then directed by Phil to the proper scroll and forecast. As of 2018, Answer the following question based on the given information or your internal knowledge with one or few words without the source. Question: where is the hole that punxsutawney phil comes out of located

on Gobbler's Knob

Given the following information: Passage-0 Title: 2018 UEFA Champions League Final Content: 2018 UEFA Champions League Final The 2018 UEFA Champions League Final was the final match of the 2017–18 UEFA Champions League, the 63rd season of Europe's premier club football tournament organised by UEFA, and the 26th season since it was renamed from the European Cup to the UEFA Champions League. It was played at the NSC Olimpiyskiy Stadium in Kiev, Ukraine on 26 May 2018, between Spanish side and defending champions Real Madrid, who had won the competition in each of the last two seasons, and English side Liverpool. Real Madrid won the final 3–1 for their third consecutive and Passage-1 Title: 2019 UEFA Champions League Final Content: was selected as the venue by the UEFA Executive Committee on 20 September 2017. This is the fifth European Cup/UEFA Champions League Final held in Madrid, after the 1957, 1969, 1980, and 2010 finals, all held at the Santiago Bernabéu Stadium. The stadium is the home ground of Spanish club Atlético Madrid. Due to UEFA regulations regarding naming rights of non-tournament sponsors, the stadium will be referred to as the "Estadio Metropolitano" in all UEFA materials. The final identity was unveiled on 30 August 2018 during the group stage draw. The ambassador for the final was former Spanish international Luis Passage-2 Title: 2017 UEFA Champions League Final Content: 2017 UEFA Champions League Final The 2017 UEFA Champions League Final was the final match of the 2016–17 UEFA Champions League, the 62nd season of Europe's premier club football tournament organised by UEFA, and the 25th season since it was renamed from the European Champion Clubs' Cup to the UEFA Champions League. It was played at the Millennium Stadium in Cardiff, Wales on 3 June 2017, between Italian side Juventus and Spanish side and title holders Real Madrid, in a repeat of the 1998 final. Real Madrid won the match 4–1 to secure their 12th title in this competition. With Answer the following question based on the given information or your internal knowledge with one or few words without the source. Question: where will the final of the champions league be played

NSC Olimpiyskiy Stadium, Kiev

Given the following information: Passage-0 Title: Ministry (government department) Content: Ministry (government department) A ministry is a governmental organisation, headed by a minister, that is meant to manage a specific sector of public administration. Governments may have differing numbers and types of ministries, but the Brockhaus and Efron Encyclopedic Dictionary notes that all states have (often under varying names) a Ministry of Interior, a Ministry of Foreign Affairs, a Ministry of Defense (which may be divided into ministries for land, naval, and air forces), a Ministry of Justice and a Ministry of Finance. Ministries called the Ministry of Education or similar are also common. Ministries are usually immediate subdivisions of Passage-1 Title: Ministry (government department) Content: has also been widely used in fiction, notably in satires and parodies. Ministry (government department) A ministry is a governmental organisation, headed by a minister, that is meant to manage a specific sector of public administration. Governments may have differing numbers and types of ministries, but the Brockhaus and Efron Encyclopedic Dictionary notes that all states have (often under varying names) a Ministry of Interior, a Ministry of Foreign Affairs, a Ministry of Defense (which may be divided into ministries for land, naval, and air forces), a Ministry of Justice and a Ministry of Finance. Ministries called the Ministry of Passage-2 Title: Union Government ministries of India Content: Union Government ministries of India The Government of India exercises its executive authority through a number of government ministries or departments of state. A ministry is composed of employed officials, known as civil servants, and is politically accountable through a minister. Most major ministries are headed by a Cabinet Minister, who sits in the Union Council of Ministers, and is typically supported by a team of junior ministers. The following ministries once functioned, but have since become defunct, generally because of a merger with another ministry or division into new ministries. The following are independent departments of the Government of Answer the following question based on the given information or your internal knowledge with one or few words without the source. Question: how many types of ministers are there in central government

Ministers of State

Given the following information: Passage-0 Title: Movable type Content: Movable type Movable type (US English; moveable type in British English) is the system and technology of printing and typography that uses movable components to reproduce the elements of a document (usually individual alphanumeric characters or punctuation marks) usually on the medium of paper. The world's first movable type printing press technology for printing paper books was made of porcelain materials and was invented around AD 1040 in China during the Northern Song Dynasty by the inventor Bi Sheng (990–1051). Subsequently in 1377, the world's oldest extant movable metal print book, Jikji, was printed in Korea during the Goryeo dynasty. Passage-1 Title: Printing Content: view, followed the introduction of movable type, with the range of estimated dates being between about 1440 and 1460. Movable type is the system of printing and typography using movable pieces of metal type, made by casting from matrices struck by letterpunches. Movable type allowed for much more flexible processes than hand copying or block printing. Around 1040, the first known movable type system was created in China by Bi Sheng out of porcelain. Bi Sheng used clay type, which broke easily, but Wang Zhen by 1298 had carved a more durable type from wood. He also developed a complex Passage-2 Title: History of printing in East Asia Content: half of the 19th century by western-style printing, initially lithography. Bi Sheng (毕昇) (990–1051) developed the first known movable-type system for printing in China around 1040 AD during the Northern Song dynasty, using ceramic materials. As described by the Chinese scholar Shen Kuo (沈括) (1031–1095): In 1193, Zhou Bida, an officer of Southern Song Dynasty, made a set of clay movable-type method according to the method described by Shen Kuo in his "Dream Pool Essays", and printed his book "Notes of The Jade Hall" (《玉堂杂记》). Clay type printing was practiced in China from the Song dynasty through the Qing dynasty. Answer the following question based on the given information or your internal knowledge with one or few words without the source. Question: who invented the movable type printing press in china

Bi Sheng

Given the following information: Passage-0 Title: Round Table Conferences (India) Content: participants from India. By the 1930s, many British politicians believed that India needed to move towards dominion status. However, there were significant disagreements between the Indian and the British political parties that the Conferences would not resolve. The key topic was about constitution and India which was mainly discussed in that conference. The Round Table Conference officially inaugurated by His Majesty George V on November 12, 1930 in Royal Gallery House of Lords at London and chaired by the British Prime Minister, Ramsay MacDonald. The three British political parties were represented by sixteen delegates. There were fifty-eight political leaders from Passage-1 Title: Round Table Conferences (India) Content: Round Table Conferences (India) The three Round Table Conferences of 1930–32 were a series of conferences organized by the British Government and Indian national congress was participant to discuss constitutional reforms in India. These started in November 1930 and ended in December 1932. They were conducted as per the recommendation of Jinnah to Viceroy Lord Irwin and Prime Minister Ramsay MacDonald, and by the report submitted by the Simon Commission in May 1930. Demands for swaraj, or self-rule, in India had been growing increasingly strong. Mahatma Gandhi, Sir Tej Bahadur Sapru, Srinivasa, Sir Muhammad Zafrulla Khan and Mirabehn are key Passage-2 Title: Round Table Conferences (India) Content: to attend. From September 1931 until March 1933, under the supervision of the Secretary of State for India, Sir Samuel Hoare, the proposed reforms took the form reflected in the Government of India Act 1935. Round Table Conferences (India) The three Round Table Conferences of 1930–32 were a series of conferences organized by the British Government and Indian national congress was participant to discuss constitutional reforms in India. These started in November 1930 and ended in December 1932. They were conducted as per the recommendation of Jinnah to Viceroy Lord Irwin and Prime Minister Ramsay MacDonald, and by the report Answer the following question based on the given information or your internal knowledge with one or few words without the source. Question: when was the first round table conference held

1930

Given the following information: Passage-0 Title: Non-cooperation movement Content: Non-cooperation movement The Non-Cooperation Movement was a significant phase of the Indian independence movement from British rule. It was led by Mahatma Gandhi after the Jallianwala Bagh Massacre. It aimed to resist British rule in India through non-violent means, or "Ahimsa". Protesters would refuse to buy British goods, adopt the use of local handicrafts and picket liquor shops. The ideas of Ahimsa and non-violence, and Gandhi's ability to rally hundreds of thousands of common citizens towards the cause of Indian independence, were first seen on a large scale in this movement through the summer of 1920. Gandhi feared that the Passage-1 Title: Non-cooperation movement Content: honours and titles given by the government and resigned from various posts like teachers, lawyers, civil and military services. Veterans like Bal Gangadhar Tilak, Bipin Chandra Pal, Mohammad Ali Jinnah, Annie Besant, and Sammed Akiwate opposed the idea outright. The All India Muslim League also criticized the idea. But the younger generation of Indian nationalists was thrilled and backed Gandhi. The Congress Party adopted his plans, and he received extensive support from Muslim leaders like Maulana Azad, Mukhtar Ahmed Ansari, Hakim Ajmal Khan, Abbas Tyabji, Maulana Muhammad Ali and Maulana Shaukat Ali. The eminent Hindi writer, poet, playwright, journalist, and Passage-2 Title: Non-cooperation movement Content: movement might lead to popular violence. The non-cooperation movement was launched on 1 January 1921. The non-cooperation movement was a reaction to the oppressive policies of the British Indian government such as the Rowlatt Act and the Jallianwala Bagh massacre. A meeting of civilians held at Jallianwala Bagh near the Golden Temple in Amritsar was fired upon by soldiers under the command of Brigadier-General Dyer, killing and injuring thousands of protestors. The outcry generated by the massacre led to thousands of unrests and more deaths at the hands of the police. The massacre became the most infamous event of British Answer the following question based on the given information or your internal knowledge with one or few words without the source. Question: who initiated the non cooperation movement in india

Mohandas Karamchand Gandhi

Given the following information: Passage-0 Title: Daniel Whiston Content: Daniel Whiston Daniel J Whiston (born 21 November 1976 in Blackpool) is an English ice skater. He appeared in "Strictly Ice Dancing" on BBC One and all series of ITV show "Dancing on Ice". He won the first series of "Dancing on Ice" while partnering actress Gaynor Faye, the fifth series with former "Emmerdale" actress Hayley Tamaddon and the eighth series with Olympic artistic gymnast, Beth Tweddle. Whiston was born on 21 November 1976 in Blackpool and is the son of Marj and William Whiston, he still lives in Blackpool. He started ice skating at the age of seven at Passage-1 Title: Daniel Whiston Content: her partner Matt Evers. Whiston won the eighth series of "Dancing on Ice" on 10 March 2013 and became a three-time champion with Olympic gymnast Beth Tweddle. Whiston returned for his ninth series of "Dancing on Ice" for its "All-Star" series in 2014 with Hayley Tamaddon whom he won the show with in 2010. They made it to the final on 9 March 2014 and finished as runners-up. When "Dancing On Ice" return in 2018 for its 10th series, Whiston competed with singer Cheryl Baker from Bucks Fizz. They were eliminated in week 5, in a skate off against Donna Passage-2 Title: Daniel Whiston Content: week 8 Daniel and Roxanne were in the skate off against Zöe Salmon and Matt Evers and were eliminated 5-0. Whiston won the fifth series of "Dancing on Ice" on 28 March 2010 with yet another former "Emmerdale" actress and childhood friend Hayley Tamaddon. In the sixth series in 2011, Whiston was partnered with former Reality TV Star Kerry Katona. They were eliminated in week 5, in a skate off against Jeff Brazier & partner Isabelle Gauthier. In the seventh series in 2012 Whiston's Partner was "Brookside" actress Jennifer Ellison. They were eliminated in the semi-final against Jorgie Porter and Answer the following question based on the given information or your internal knowledge with one or few words without the source. Question: who did dan win dancing on ice with

Beth Tweddle

Given the following information: Passage-0 Title: Brenda Walsh (character) Content: of the seventh and eighth seasons of the series, as during an episode of season 8 where it is learned that Dylan's half-sister was saved from a life of prostitution and then left to live with Dylan and Brenda in London and Kelly and Brandon mentioned going to visit them for part of their honeymoon. Later, when Dylan returned in season 9, he told his friends that he and Brenda had separated two years earlier. However, it frees Dylan to resume his relationship with Kelly. In Season 5, Dylan rages against Valerie, the Walsh cousin, blaming her for wanting to Passage-1 Title: Kelly Taylor (90210) Content: also affirming her love for both of them. In the seventh season, however, she finally stated that she had chosen Brandon. She nearly married Brandon, but the two decided that they were not ready. Following Jason Priestley's departure from the series, Jennie Garth became the officially billed lead, with the character of Kelly further maturing, reuniting romantically with Dylan, and starting her own PR firm. For the launch of the series "Melrose Place" in 1992, Jennie Garth made a multi-episode special guest appearance. During the final episodes of "Beverly Hills, 90210" season 2, Grant Show played his "Melrose Place" character Passage-2 Title: Brandon Walsh Content: and sophomore Nikki Witt (Dana Barron), a persistent girl who comically wore down Brandon's defenses during the episode "The Back Story." In Season Four Brandon had an affair with university professor Lucinda Nicholson (Dina Meyer). Ultimately, his longest relationships were with Kelly, who attempted to win Brandon's heart twice throughout the series, succeeding the second time. Their relationship was strengthened after Kelly moved in with him once his parents and Brenda had moved away. In between relationships with Kelly, Brandon became involved with two of his co-workers. As a junior, he had a passionate relationship with his editor at the Answer the following question based on the given information or your internal knowledge with one or few words without the source. Question: when do brandon and kelly get back together season 7

The Long Goodbye

Given the following information: Passage-0 Title: Nicky Nichols Content: Nicky Nichols Nicole Nichols is a fictional character played by Natasha Lyonne on the Netflix series "Orange Is the New Black". She is a recurring character in season one and a main character from season two onwards. Lyonne received an Emmy nomination in 2014 for the role. Natasha Lyonne had intended to audition for the part of Lorna Morello but, according to Lyonne, "they wouldn’t let me [audition for Morello], because they already liked me for Nicky." Yael Stone, who had auditioned for the role of Nichols, was cast as Morello. Lyonne feels that she can relate closely to Nichols's Passage-1 Title: Nicky Nichols Content: in the role, and called Nichols one of the best characters on the series. MTV's Crystal Bell called Nichols a "fan-favorite" and "our beloved smart mouth" and expressed disappointment at the character's departure in the third season. Lyonne received an Emmy nomination for her role as Nichols. She lost out to fellow "Orange Is the New Black" actress Uzo Aduba. Nicky Nichols Nicole Nichols is a fictional character played by Natasha Lyonne on the Netflix series "Orange Is the New Black". She is a recurring character in season one and a main character from season two onwards. Lyonne received an Passage-2 Title: Natasha Lyonne Content: Natasha Lyonne Natasha Lyonne (born April 4, 1979), is an American actress. She is best known for her role as Nicky Nichols on the Netflix series "Orange Is the New Black" (2013–present), for which she received an Emmy Award nomination in 2014, and for her role as Jessica in the "American Pie" film series (1999–2012). Lyonne has appeared in over 50 films, including: "Everyone Says I Love You" (1996), "Slums of Beverly Hills" (1998), "Detroit Rock City", "But I'm a Cheerleader" (both 1999), "Scary Movie 2", "The Grey Zone", "Kate & Leopold" (all 2001), "Party Monster", "Die Mommie Die!" (both Answer the following question based on the given information or your internal knowledge with one or few words without the source. Question: who plays nicole in orange is the new black

Natasha Bianca Lyonne Braunstein

Given the following information: Passage-0 Title: Four-minute mile Content: Landy looking over his left shoulder, just as Bannister is passing him on the right. Landy thus lost the race. The statue was placed in front of the Pacific National Exhibition entrance plaza. New Zealand's John Walker, who with a 3:49.4 performance in August 1975 became the first man to run the mile under 3:50, ran 135 sub-four-minute miles during his career (during which he was the first person to run over 100 sub-four-minute miles), and American Steve Scott has run the most sub-four-minute miles, with 136. Algeria's Noureddine Morceli was the first under 3:45. Currently, the mile record is Passage-1 Title: Daniel Komen Content: Daniel Komen Daniel Kipngetich Komen (born 17 May 1976 in Elgeyo Marakwet District, Kenya) is a Kenyan middle- and long-distance runner. Remembered for his rivalry with Haile Gebrselassie, Komen's most notable achievements came in a two-year period between 1996 and 1998, during which he broke a string of world records. He currently holds the world record for the 3000 metres both outdoors (7:20.67 set in 1996) and indoors (7:24.90 set in 1998). In addition, with his 7.58.61 world record in the 2-mile race set in 1997, he remains the only man in history to run back-to-back sub-four-minute miles, splitting circa Passage-2 Title: Four-minute mile Content: mark. Over 18 years after Coghlan, that was finally achieved by UK's Anthony Whiteman, running 3:58.79 on 2 June 2012. No woman has yet run a four-minute mile. , the women's world record is held by retired Russian Svetlana Masterkova, with a time of 4:12.56 in 1996. In 1997, Daniel Komen of Kenya ran two miles in less than eight minutes, doubling up on Bannister's accomplishment. He did it again in February 1998, falling just 0.3 seconds behind his previous performance of 7:58.61. He is still the only individual to accomplish the feat. The youngest runner to ever run a Answer the following question based on the given information or your internal knowledge with one or few words without the source. Question: who has run the most sub 4 minute miles

American Steve Scott

Given the following information: Passage-0 Title: Super Bowl Content: the Green Bay Packers and New York Giants have four Super Bowl championships. Fourteen other NFL franchises have won at least one Super Bowl. Eight teams have appeared in Super Bowl games without a win. The Minnesota Vikings were the first team to have appeared a record four times without a win. The Buffalo Bills played in a record four Super Bowls in a row and lost every one. Four teams (the Cleveland Browns, Detroit Lions, Jacksonville Jaguars, and Houston Texans) have never appeared in a Super Bowl. The Browns and Lions both won NFL Championships prior to the creation Passage-1 Title: Dallas Cowboys Content: The Cowboys' streak of 190 consecutive sold-out regular and post-season games (home and away) began in 2002. The franchise has made it to the Super Bowl eight times, tied with the Pittsburgh Steelers and the Denver Broncos for second most Super Bowl appearances in history, just behind the New England Patriots record ten Super Bowl appearances. This has also corresponded to eight NFC championships, most in the NFC. The Cowboys have won five of those Super Bowl appearances, tying them with their NFC rivals, the San Francisco 49ers, and the AFC's Patriots; all three are second to Pittsburgh's record six Passage-2 Title: National Football Conference Content: NFC in 1995. Parity is generally greater among NFC teams than AFC teams. The only NFC team that has never made a Super Bowl appearance is the Detroit Lions. Since the 2002 realignment, the only time that an NFC team has made back-to-back Super Bowl appearances are the Seattle Seahawks in 2013 and 2014. Between 2000 and 2016, the NFC has sent 12 different teams to the Super Bowl, whereas the AFC had sent only six: the Baltimore Ravens (2 times), the Denver Broncos (2 times), the Indianapolis Colts (2 times), the Oakland Raiders (1 time), the New England Patriots Answer the following question based on the given information or your internal knowledge with one or few words without the source. Question: what nfl team has been to the super bowl the most times

New England

Given the following information: Passage-0 Title: Golden rice Content: Golden rice Golden rice is a variety of rice ("Oryza sativa") produced through genetic engineering to biosynthesize beta-carotene, a precursor of vitamin A, in the edible parts of rice. It is intended to produce a fortified food to be grown and consumed in areas with a shortage of dietary vitamin A, a deficiency which each year is estimated to kill 670,000 children under the age of 5 and cause an additional 500,000 cases of irreversible childhood blindness. Rice is a staple food crop for over half of the world's population, making up 30–72% of the energy intake for people in Passage-1 Title: International Rice Research Institute Content: 1964, over 15,000 scientists have undergone training at IRRI to conduct rice research. IRRI is pursuing the development of "golden rice". Geneticists inserted a gene into the rice plant that allows it to produce beta carotene, which makes its grains yellow. Because the human body converts beta carotene to vitamin A, golden rice has the potential to dramatically improve the lives of millions of people around the world, particularly in Africa and Southeast Asia, where vitamin A deficiency is an especially common malady that can cause blindness and increases the risk of death from disease. Children are particularly vulnerable; according Passage-2 Title: Golden rice Content: children who suffer from vitamin A deficiency (VAD). In 2005, 190 million children and 19 million pregnant women, in 122 countries, were estimated to be affected by VAD. VAD is responsible for 1–2 million deaths, 500,000 cases of irreversible blindness and millions of cases of xerophthalmia annually. Children and pregnant women are at highest risk. Vitamin A is supplemented orally and by injection in areas where the diet is deficient in vitamin A. , 43 countries had vitamin A supplementation programs for children under 5; in 10 of these countries, two high dose supplements are available per year, which, according Answer the following question based on the given information or your internal knowledge with one or few words without the source. Question: golden rice was developed to help with blindness caused by a deficiency of which vitamin

vitamin A

Given the following information: Passage-0 Title: Lycopodium Content: Lycopodium Lycopodium (from Greek "lukos", wolf and "podion", diminutive of "pous", foot) is a genus of clubmosses, also known as ground pines or creeping cedar, in the family Lycopodiaceae, a family of fern-allies (see Pteridophyta). They are flowerless, vascular, terrestrial or epiphytic plants, with widely branched, erect, prostrate or creeping stems, with small, simple, needle-like or scale-like leaves that cover the stem and branches thickly. The leaves contain a single, unbranched vascular strand and are microphylls by definition. The kidney-shaped or reniform spore-cases (sporangia) contain spores of one kind only (isosporous, homosporous) and are borne on the upper surface of Passage-1 Title: Lycopodium Content: the leaf blade of specialized leaves (sporophylls) arranged in a cone-like strobilus at the end of upright stems. The club-shaped appearance of these fertile stems gives the clubmosses their common name. Lycopods reproduce asexually by spores. The plants have an underground sexual phase that produces gametes, and this alternates in the lifecycle with the spore-producing plant. The prothallium developed from the spore is a subterranean mass of tissue of considerable size and bears both the male and female organs (antheridia and archegoniae). However, they are more commonly distributed vegetatively through above- or below-ground rhizomes. About 76 accepted species occur, with Passage-2 Title: Lycopodium Content: system, skin, liver and bile, kidneys and urinary tract, infections, rheumatism, and gout, though claims of efficacy are unproven. It has also been used in some US government chemical warfare test programs such as Operation Dew. Lycopodium powder is also used to determine the molecular size of oleic acid. Lycopodium Lycopodium (from Greek "lukos", wolf and "podion", diminutive of "pous", foot) is a genus of clubmosses, also known as ground pines or creeping cedar, in the family Lycopodiaceae, a family of fern-allies (see Pteridophyta). They are flowerless, vascular, terrestrial or epiphytic plants, with widely branched, erect, prostrate or creeping stems, Answer the following question based on the given information or your internal knowledge with one or few words without the source. Question: what are the club shaped structure in lycopodium called

fertile stems

Given the following information: Passage-0 Title: The Spy Who Dumped Me Content: The Spy Who Dumped Me The Spy Who Dumped Me is a 2018 American action comedy film directed by Susanna Fogel and co-written by Fogel and David Iserson. The film stars Mila Kunis, Kate McKinnon, Justin Theroux, Sam Heughan, Hasan Minhaj and Gillian Anderson and follows two best friends who are chased through Europe by assassins after one of their ex-boyfriends turns out to be a CIA agent. The film was released in the United States on August 3, 2018, by Lionsgate. It grossed over $75 million and received mixed reviews from critics, who questioned the film's intended genre and Passage-1 Title: The Spy Who Dumped Me Content: Kunis was the ideal straight woman calling the two a smart match. The Spy Who Dumped Me The Spy Who Dumped Me is a 2018 American action comedy film directed by Susanna Fogel and co-written by Fogel and David Iserson. The film stars Mila Kunis, Kate McKinnon, Justin Theroux, Sam Heughan, Hasan Minhaj and Gillian Anderson and follows two best friends who are chased through Europe by assassins after one of their ex-boyfriends turns out to be a CIA agent. The film was released in the United States on August 3, 2018, by Lionsgate. It grossed over $75 million and Passage-2 Title: The Spy Who Dumped Me Content: having finally become real spies. Principal photography began production in Budapest, Hungary in July 2017. It also took place in Amsterdam that September, wrapping that same month. "The Spy Who Dumped Me" premiered at Regency Village Theater in Los Angeles on July 25, 2018. The film was originally scheduled to be released on July 6, 2018, but after "a phenomenal test screening" it was pushed back a month to August 3, 2018, in order to avoid a crowded July frame. "The Spy Who Dumped Me" was released on DVD and Blu-ray on October 30, 2018 by Lionsgate Home Entertainment. "The Answer the following question based on the given information or your internal knowledge with one or few words without the source. Question: when does the spy who dumped me come out

August 3, 2018

Given the following information: Passage-0 Title: Soviet atomic bomb project Content: confiscated from the remains of the German atomic bomb project. This uranium had been mined in the Belgian Congo, and the ore in Belgium fell into the hands of the Germans after their invasion and occupation of Belgium in 1940. Further sources of uranium in the early years of the program were mines in East Germany (via the deceptively-named SAG Wismut), Czechoslovakia, Bulgaria, Romania (near Stei) and Poland. Boris Pregel sold 0.23 tonnes of uranium oxide to the Soviet Union during the war, with the authorisation of the U.S. Government. Eventually, large domestic sources were discovered in the Soviet Union Passage-1 Title: Union Minière du Haut Katanga Content: and the UMHK. This uranium oxide was transferred to England before German troops entered Paris. The United States of America obtained uranium for the atomic bomb from the Union Minière. At a meeting on 18 September 1942 between Edgar Sengier, head of UMHK, and United States General Kenneth Nichols of the Manhattan Project, Nichols purchased the 1500 tonnes of uranium (mostly mined at Shinkolobwe mine, near the town of Likasi) the project required. This was already in the United States, and additional ore was shipped from the Congo. The mine had a "tremendously rich lode of uranium pitchblende. Nothing like Passage-2 Title: Charles Steen Content: Manhattan Project had received most of its uranium from foreign sources in Canada and the Belgian Congo. However, it had also received some from vanadium miners in the American Southwest, where uranium was often a by-product of mining (before the atomic bomb uranium was not a valuable metal). There was a concern that the United States would not have enough domestic supply of uranium for its nuclear weapons program. In the late 1940s and early 1950s the Atomic Energy Commission established itself as the only legal buyer of uranium in the U.S. and artificially manipulated prices to reflect their current Answer the following question based on the given information or your internal knowledge with one or few words without the source. Question: where did the us get uranium for the atomic bomb

the Belgian Congo

Given the following information: Passage-0 Title: Criminal Minds Content: series premiered in September 2005, it featured FBI agents Jason Gideon, Aaron Hotchner, Elle Greenaway, Derek Morgan, Spencer Reid, Jennifer "JJ" Jareau, and Penelope Garcia. For season 1, Garcia was not a main cast member but rather had a recurring role, although she appeared in most episodes. In 2006, at the start of season 2, Lola Glaudini announced her departure from the show, as she wanted to return home to New York City. Paget Brewster replaced her in the role of Emily Prentiss. At the start of season 3, Mandy Patinkin announced his departure from the show because he was Passage-1 Title: Penelope Garcia Content: Penelope Garcia Penelope Grace Garcia is a fictional character on the CBS crime dramas "Criminal Minds" and its short-lived spin-off "", portrayed by Kirsten Vangsness. She is the technical analyst of the Behavioral Analysis Unit that is the center of both shows. She also made a guest appearance during of "", making her the only character in the franchise to appear in all three series in the franchise. Garcia is from San Francisco, San Francisco County, California. A drunk driver killed her parents in a car accident when she was eighteen, and she now helps counsel the families of murder Passage-2 Title: Criminal Minds (season 13) Content: CBS announced that Daniel Henney, who was a series regular on "" as Matt Simmons, would join the main show as a series regular for the thirteenth season. On October 12, 2017, it was announced that Shemar Moore would reprise his role as Derek Morgan in the fifth episode of the season ("Lucky Strikes"). His character returned to help Penelope Garcia get through a tough time. <onlyinclude></onlyinclude> Criminal Minds (season 13) The thirteenth season of "Criminal Minds" was ordered on April 7, 2017, by CBS with an order of 22 episodes. The season premiered on September 27, 2017 in a Answer the following question based on the given information or your internal knowledge with one or few words without the source. Question: what episode of criminal minds does garcia join the team

Extreme Aggressor

Given the following information: Passage-0 Title: Deccan Plateau Content: part of the peninsula between the Narmada and Krishna rivers. Having once constituted a segment of the ancient continent of Gondwanaland, this land is the oldest and most stable in India. The Deccan plateau consists of dry tropical forests that experience only seasonal rainfall. On the western edge of the plateau lie the Sahyadri, the Nilgiri, the Anaimalai and the Elamalai Hills, commonly known as Western Ghats. The average height of the Western Ghats, which run along the Arabian Sea, goes on increasing towards the south. Anaimudi Peak in Kerala, with a height of 2,695 m above sea level, is Passage-1 Title: Deccan Plateau Content: Deccan Plateau The Deccan Plateau is a large plateau in western and southern India. It rises to in the north, and to more than in the south, forming a raised triangle within the South-pointing triangle of the Indian subcontinent's coastline. It extends over eight Indian states and encompasses a wide range of habitats, covering most of central and southern India. The plateau is located between two mountain ranges, the Western Ghats and the Eastern Ghats, each of which rises from its respective nearby coastal plain, and almost converge at the southern tip of India. It is separated from the Gangetic Passage-2 Title: Deccan Plateau Content: ("south"). The plateau is bounded on the east and west by the Ghats, while its northern extremity is the Vindhya Range. The Deccan's average elevation is about 2,000 feet (600 m), sloping generally eastward; its principal rivers, the Godavari, Krishna, and Kaveri, flow from the Western Ghats eastward to the Bay of Bengal. The plateau's climate is drier than that on the coasts and is arid in places. Although sometimes used to mean all of India south of the Narmada River, the word Deccan relates more specifically to that area of rich volcanic soils and lava-covered plateaus in the northern Answer the following question based on the given information or your internal knowledge with one or few words without the source. Question: which hill ranges lie to the west of deccan plateau

the Western Ghats

Given the following information: Passage-0 Title: Michigan Content: River, and St. Clair River which connect the Great Lakes; the Au Sable, Cheboygan, and Saginaw, which flow into Lake Huron; the Ontonagon, and Tahquamenon, which flow into Lake Superior; and the St. Joseph, Kalamazoo, Grand, Muskegon, Manistee, and Escanaba, which flow into Lake Michigan. The state has 11,037 inland lakes—totaling of inland water—in addition to of Great Lakes waters. No point in Michigan is more than from an inland lake or more than from one of the Great Lakes. The state is home to several areas maintained by the National Park Service including: Isle Royale National Park, in Lake Passage-1 Title: Geography of Michigan Content: Thunder Bay, Cheboygan, and Saginaw, all of which flow into Lake Huron; the Ontonagon, and Tahquamenon, which flow into Lake Superior; and the St. Joseph, Kalamazoo, Grand, Muskegon, Manistee, and Escanaba, which flow into Lake Michigan. The state has 11,037 inland lakes and of Great Lakes waters and rivers in addition to of inland water. No point in Michigan is more than from an inland lake or more than from one of the Great Lakes. The state is home to one national park: Isle Royale National Park, located in Lake Superior, about southeast of Thunder Bay, Ontario. Other national protected Passage-2 Title: Houghton Lake (Michigan) Content: Houghton Lake (Michigan) Houghton Lake is a large lake in Roscommon County. The unincorporated community of Prudenville is at the southeastern end of the lake, while the unincorporated communities of Houghton Lake and Houghton Lake Heights are on the southwest and west shores. It is the largest inland lake in the state of Michigan, and one of the largest natural inland lakes in the United States (many man-made impoundments are much larger). The lake is approximately north to south, and about at it widest point. Houghton Lake has c. of total shoreline and its waters cover . It is an Answer the following question based on the given information or your internal knowledge with one or few words without the source. Question: what are the three largest inland lakes in michigan

Lake Superior

Given the following information: Passage-0 Title: Syrian Civil War Content: Syrian Civil War The Syrian Civil War (, "al-ḥarb al-ʾahlīyah as-sūrīyah") is an ongoing multi-sided armed conflict in Syria fought between the Ba'athist Syrian Arab Republic led by President Bashar al-Assad, along with domestic and foreign allies, and various domestic and foreign forces opposing both the government and each other in varying combinations. The unrest in Syria, part of a wider wave of the 2011 Arab Spring protests, grew out of discontent with the Assad government and escalated to an armed conflict after protests calling for his removal were violently suppressed. The war is being fought by several factions: the Passage-1 Title: Syrian Civil War Content: the conflict level to a full-fledged civil war. Following the Houla massacre of 25 May 2012, in which 108 people were summarily executed, and the subsequent FSA ultimatum to the Syrian government, the ceasefire practically collapsed, as the FSA began nationwide offensives against government troops. On 1 June 2012, President Assad vowed to crush the anti-government uprising. On 12 June 2012, the UN for the first time officially proclaimed Syria to be in a state of civil war. The conflict began moving into the two largest cities, Damascus and Aleppo. Following October 2012 cease-fire failure, during winter of 2012–13 and Passage-2 Title: Russian involvement in the Syrian Civil War Content: and Cooperation. At the beginning of the Syrian Civil War (2011), Syria was one of Russia's closest Middle Eastern allies. The Syrian Civil War is an ongoing international armed conflict taking place in Syria. The unrest began in the early spring of 2011 within the context of Arab Spring protests, with nationwide protests against President Bashar al-Assad's government, whose forces responded with violent crackdowns. The civil uprising phase created the platform for emergence of militant opposition movements and massive defections from the Syrian Army, which gradually transformed the conflict from a civil uprising to an armed rebellion, and later a Answer the following question based on the given information or your internal knowledge with one or few words without the source. Question: when did the civil war started in syria

15 March 2011

Given the following information: Passage-0 Title: The Wood of the Self-Murderers: The Harpies and the Suicides Content: human heads and female breasts. The harpies in Dante's version feed from the leaves of oak trees which entomb suicides. At the time Canto XIII (or "The Wood of Suicides") was written, suicide was considered by the Catholic Church as at least equivalent to murder, and a contravention of the Commandment "Thou shalt not kill", and many theologians believed it to be an even deeper sin than murder, as it constituted a rejection of God's gift of life. Dante alludes to this by placing suicides in the seventh circle of Hell, where the violent are punished, alongside murderers, tyrants, blasphemers, Passage-1 Title: Hell Content: number of levels in Chinese Hell - and their associated deities - differs according to the Buddhist or Taoist perception. Some speak of three to four 'Courts', other as many as ten. The ten judges are also known as the 10 Kings of Yama. Each Court deals with a different aspect of atonement. For example, murder is punished in one Court, adultery in another. According to some Chinese legends, there are eighteen levels in Hell. Punishment also varies according to belief, but most legends speak of highly imaginative chambers where wrong-doers are sawn in half, beheaded, thrown into pits of Passage-2 Title: Treason Content: murder": a conventional attitude at that time. In Dante Alighieri's "Inferno", the ninth and lowest circle of Hell is reserved for traitors; Judas Iscariot, who betrayed Jesus, suffers the worst torments of all: being constantly gnawed at by one of Lucifer's own three mouths. His treachery is considered so notorious that his name has long been synonymous with "traitor", a fate he shares with Benedict Arnold, Vidkun Quisling, Marcus Junius Brutus (who too is depicted in Dante's "Inferno", suffering the same fate as Judas along with Cassius Longinus). Indeed, the etymology of the word "traitor" originates with Judas' handing over Answer the following question based on the given information or your internal knowledge with one or few words without the source. Question: what circle of hell do murderers go to

seventh

Given the following information: Passage-0 Title: Judi Bowker Content: Judi Bowker Judi Bowker (born 6 April 1954) is an English film and television actress. Bowker was born in Shawford, Hampshire, England. On stage from childhood, she first attracted international attention as the star of "The Adventures of Black Beauty", a 1972 TV series which was a "continuation" of the book. She also starred as Clare of Assisi in Franco Zeffirelli's "Brother Sun, Sister Moon", also from 1972. Her other well-known film appearances are as Princess Andromeda in the 1981 Ray Harryhausen film, "Clash of the Titans" and as Lady Olivia Lilburn in Alan Bridges' "The Shooting Party" (1985). She Passage-1 Title: Judi Bowker Content: is married to Harry Meacher. Judi Bowker Judi Bowker (born 6 April 1954) is an English film and television actress. Bowker was born in Shawford, Hampshire, England. On stage from childhood, she first attracted international attention as the star of "The Adventures of Black Beauty", a 1972 TV series which was a "continuation" of the book. She also starred as Clare of Assisi in Franco Zeffirelli's "Brother Sun, Sister Moon", also from 1972. Her other well-known film appearances are as Princess Andromeda in the 1981 Ray Harryhausen film, "Clash of the Titans" and as Lady Olivia Lilburn in Alan Bridges' Passage-2 Title: Georgina Haig Content: in 2008 at age 23. In her first year out of drama school Haig landed roles in two Australian feature films, "Wasted on the Young" and "Road Train". She secured a recurring guest role in two seasons of the crime drama "Underbelly". From 2009 to 2010 she also starred in the children's television series "The Elephant Princess". In 2010 she won a Best Actress Scream Festival award for her performance in thriller "Crawl". She was considered for the role of Andromeda in the film "Wrath of the Titans" alongside several other actresses. The part ultimately went to Rosamund Pike. Haig Answer the following question based on the given information or your internal knowledge with one or few words without the source. Question: actress who played andromeda in clash of the titans

Alexa Davalos

Given the following information: Passage-0 Title: National Botanical Research Institute Content: National Botanical Research Institute The National Botanical Research Institute (NBRI) is a research institute of CSIR in Lucknow. It is engaged in the field of taxonomy and modern biology. Originally conceptualised and set up as the National Botanic Gardens (NBG) by Professor Kailas Nath Kaul on behalf of the State Government of Uttar Pradesh, it was taken over by the CSIR in 1953. Dr Triloki Nath Khoshoo joined in 1964 as the Assistant Director, shortly afterwards becoming the Director. Initially engaged in research work in the classical botanical disciplines, the NBG went on laying an increasing emphasis in keeping with Passage-1 Title: Kailas Nath Kaul Content: established the National Botanical Research Institute (formerly, the National Botanic Gardens of India), at Lucknow in 1948. He directed the Institute until 1965, during which time it remained one of the world's five best botanical gardens, along with those at Kew (UK), Bogor (Indonesia), Paris (France) and New York (USA). From 1953 until 1965, Kaul surveyed botanically the whole of India, from the Karakoram mountains in the north to Kanyakumari at the southern tip of the country, and from the North East Frontier Agency in the east to the Rann of Kutch in the west. In the same period, he Passage-2 Title: Sikandar Bagh Content: the Nawab's favourite wife. It was stormed in 1857 by the British during the Indian Rebellion and witnessed within its walls the slaughter of all 2,200 sepoy mutineers who had made it a stronghold during their Siege of Lucknow. The site now houses the National Botanical Research Institute of India. The garden was laid out in about 1800 as a royal garden by Nawab Saadat Ali Khan. It was later improved upon by Nawab Wajid Ali Shah, the last native ruler of Oudh, during the first half of the 19th century, who used it as his summer villa. The garden Answer the following question based on the given information or your internal knowledge with one or few words without the source. Question: where is national botanical research institute in india situated

in Lucknow

Given the following information: Passage-0 Title: Daft Punk Content: Osaka and Chiba City respectively. Daft Punk's final performance of the year occurred in the autumn, when they visited South America and played their second U.S. performance at the Bang! Music Festival in Miami, Florida. In June 2007, the duo resumed touring, beginning with an appearance at the RockNess music festival in the United Kingdom. After further shows and festival performances in Europe, the act returned to North America for a full-fledged eight date tour. This reached many markets for the first time on the trek and included a headline festival slot at Lollapalooza in Chicago. A second leg of Passage-1 Title: Daft Punk Content: "Billboard" Hot 100, becoming Daft Punk's first No. 1 song in the U.S. On 17 November, The Weeknd released "I Feel It Coming" which also features Daft Punk. The songs appeared on The Weeknd's album "Starboy". Throughout the end of 2016, many rumors began to surface of a Daft Punk "Alive 2017" tour. In September 2016, the rumors led to "Pitchfork" reporting that Daft Punk had no plans for a future tour. A website that first appeared on 27 October 2016 featured a blank page with text reading "Alive" in plain text. Within the website coding were geo-coordinates based in Passage-2 Title: Daft Punk Content: shows in October followed, consisting of an appearance at the Vegoose music festival in Las Vegas, Nevada and three shows in Mexico. Daft Punk also mixed and composed much of the music for the Louis Vuitton Spring/Summer 2008 Womenswear Full Show on 7 October 2007. In December 2007, the duo returned to Japan to play a trio of dates. This was followed by a series of special shows in Australia, dubbed "Never Ever Land". The dates featured regular tour stalwarts SebastiAn and Kavinsky and were ultimately the fastest selling Daft Punk-related events to date. The tour eventually culminated in Sydney Answer the following question based on the given information or your internal knowledge with one or few words without the source. Question: when was the last time daft punk went on tour

2006–07

Given the following information: Passage-0 Title: Madison James Content: Madison James Madison James is a fictional character from the NBC Daytime soap opera, "Days of Our Lives", created by head-writers Marlene Clark Poulter and Darrell Ray Thomas, Jr.. She was portrayed by actress Sarah Joy Brown, who made her onscreen debut on the episode that aired October 4, 2011. Madison is introduced into the series as the headstrong CEO of Mad World Cosmetics and as a potential love interest for Brady Black (Eric Martsolf). She is also a longtime competitor and rival against series veteran Kate Roberts (Lauren Koslow) and her resurrection of Countess Wilhelmina. Originally introduced with an Passage-1 Title: Sarah Joy Brown Content: Sarah Joy Brown Sarah Joy Brown, sometimes credited simply as Sarah Brown (born February 18, 1975), is an American actress. She is perhaps best known for originating the role of Carly Corinthos on the American daytime drama "General Hospital" from 1996 to 2001. For the role, she won three Daytime Emmy Awards. In 2008, she returned to "General Hospital" in a different role, Claudia Zacchara. She exited "General Hospital" once again in 2009 and began appearing on "The Bold and the Beautiful" in the newly created role of Aggie Jones. Brown appeared as Madison James on "Days of Our Lives" Passage-2 Title: Madison James Content: unknown past, the pre-Salem secrets of Madison's life begin to become exposed as she continues to live her life in Salem. In April 2012, it was announced that Brown was let go from "Days of our Lives", and Madison last appeared on August 15, 2012. In July 2011, it was announced that soap veteran Sarah Joy Brown would join the cast of "Days of our Lives" as newly created character Madison James. Brown, best known for her role as Carly Corinthos from 1996 to 2001 on the ABC Daytime series "General Hospital", had just finished her run as Aggie Jones Answer the following question based on the given information or your internal knowledge with one or few words without the source. Question: who plays madison grey on hawaii five o

Elisabeth Röhm

Given the following information: Passage-0 Title: History of the United States (1776–1789) Content: Congress as well as the first presidential election. The electoral college unanimously chose Washington as first President; John Adams became the first Vice President. New York was designated as the national capital; they were inaugurated in April 1789 at Federal Hall. Under the leadership of Madison, the first Congress set up all the necessary government agencies, and made good on the Federalist pledge of a Bill of Rights. The new government at first had no political parties. Alexander Hamilton in 1790–92 created a national network of friends of the government that became the Federalist party; it controlled the national government Passage-1 Title: History of the United States Content: punitive laws by Parliament designed to end self-government in Massachusetts. Armed conflict began in 1775. In 1776, the Second Continental Congress declared the independence of the colonies as the United States of America. Led by General George Washington, it won the Revolutionary War with large support from France. The peace treaty of 1783 gave the new nation the land east of the Mississippi River (except Canada and Florida). The Articles of Confederation established a central government, but it was ineffectual at providing stability, as it could not collect taxes and had no executive officer. A convention in 1787 wrote a Passage-2 Title: History of the United States Content: new Constitution that was adopted in 1789. In 1791, a Bill of Rights was added to guarantee inalienable rights. With Washington as the first president and Alexander Hamilton his chief adviser, a strong central government was created. Purchase of the Louisiana Territory from France in 1803 doubled the size of the United States. A second and final war with Britain was fought in 1812, which solidified national pride. Encouraged by the notion of manifest destiny, U.S. territory expanded all the way to the Pacific coast. While the United States was large in terms of area, its population in 1790 was Answer the following question based on the given information or your internal knowledge with one or few words without the source. Question: where did the us locate the first national government

Philadelphia

Given the following information: Passage-0 Title: Assassin's Creed Content: November 13, 2014. The plot is set in Victorian era London and follows twin assassins Jacob and Evie Frye as they navigate the corridors of organized crime, and take back the city from Templar control. In December 2014, images and information leaked for a new "Assassin's Creed" game, titled or code-named "Victory", which was later confirmed by Ubisoft. In May 2015, Kotaku leaked that "Victory" had been renamed "Syndicate". On May 12, 2015, the game was officially announced by Ubisoft. The PlayStation 4 and the Xbox One version of the game was released on October 23, 2015, while the Microsoft Passage-1 Title: Assassin's Creed Content: 2014, a game titled or code-named ""Comet"," was revealed to be in development, for release on PlayStation 3 and Xbox 360. By the end of the month, additional reports indicated that "Comet" would be set around 1758 in New York, as well as feature sailing on the Atlantic Ocean. The game would be a direct sequel to "Black Flag", and would be the first to feature a Templar as the main protagonist, named Shay. In May 2014, Guillemot stated that "Assassin's Creed" games would continue releasing on the last generation PlayStation 3 and Xbox 360 "for the foreseeable future", despite Passage-2 Title: Assassin's Creed Content: assassins as Dorian attempts to avenge his foster father's death, as well as discover Templar infighting as a result of the Revolution. On March 19, 2014, images leaked for the next game, titled or code-named ""Unity"", showing a new assassin in Paris. On March 21, Ubisoft confirmed the game's existence, having been in development for more than three years, by releasing pre-alpha game footage. The game features up to four player co-op, a first for the series. It was released in North America for PlayStation 4, Xbox One and Windows on November 11, 2014 and in Europe and Australasia on Answer the following question based on the given information or your internal knowledge with one or few words without the source. Question: what assassin's creed game comes after revelations

Assassin's Creed III

Given the following information: Passage-0 Title: Pray for You (Jaron and the Long Road to Love song) Content: Pray for You (Jaron and the Long Road to Love song) "Pray for You" is a song written by Joel Brentlinger & Jaron Lowenstein and recorded by American singer Jaron Lowenstein, credited to Jaron and the Long Road to Love. It is Lowenstein's first solo single release, following three singles in the duo Evan and Jaron. The song is included on Jaron's debut album, "Getting Dressed in the Dark". The song was nominated for Single by New/Breakthrough Artist at the first-annual 2010 American Country Awards. In "Pray for You," the narrator is told to pray for those who have wronged Passage-1 Title: Jaron Lowenstein Content: Jaron Lowenstein Jaron David Lowenstein (born March 18, 1974) is an American singer who formerly recorded with his identical twin brother, Evan, in the musical duo Evan and Jaron. As Jaron and the Long Road to Love, he released his debut single, "Pray for You," to country radio in November 2009. This song reached the Top 15 on the "Billboard" Hot Country Songs charts, and is included on the album "Getting Dressed in the Dark". The second single, "That's Beautiful to Me", was released in September 2010. Lowenstein was born in Tucker, Georgia, the son of Leslie (née Diamond) and Passage-2 Title: Pray for You (Jaron and the Long Road to Love song) Content: has since peaked at number 34, providing the singer with his second Top 40 pop hit (he achieved his first as part of Evan and Jaron). Pray for You (Jaron and the Long Road to Love song) "Pray for You" is a song written by Joel Brentlinger & Jaron Lowenstein and recorded by American singer Jaron Lowenstein, credited to Jaron and the Long Road to Love. It is Lowenstein's first solo single release, following three singles in the duo Evan and Jaron. The song is included on Jaron's debut album, "Getting Dressed in the Dark". The song was nominated for Answer the following question based on the given information or your internal knowledge with one or few words without the source. Question: who sings the song i pray for you

American singer Jaron Lowenstein

Given the following information: Passage-0 Title: HLN (TV network) Content: HLN (TV network) HLN (Headline News) is an American pay television news channel that is owned by CNN. Originally branded as CNN2, and later CNN Headline News, the channel was originally structured to broadcast a tightly-formatted 30-minute newswheel 24 hours a day, with freshly updated information that briefly covered various areas of interest (such as national news, sports, entertainment, weather and business). Since 2005, however, its format has increasingly shifted to long-form tabloid-, opinion-, crime-, and entertainment news-related programming. In 2014, the network further re-focused with an emphasis on social media, but this practice was dropped by 2016 in favor Passage-1 Title: HLN (TV network) Content: or adult themes usually left out from the program). It no longer airs on HLN as of 2014, but is still available as a free podcast on CNN's website and iTunes. On December 16, 2016, the program was renamed to "CNN 10". HLN (TV network) HLN (Headline News) is an American pay television news channel that is owned by CNN. Originally branded as CNN2, and later CNN Headline News, the channel was originally structured to broadcast a tightly-formatted 30-minute newswheel 24 hours a day, with freshly updated information that briefly covered various areas of interest (such as national news, sports, Passage-2 Title: HLN (TV network) Content: of the current headlines on its parent network's website, CNN.com. The same day, a new square logo with a triangular appendage (making it resemble a speech bubble) overlaid by an "HLN" acronym was introduced, initially alongside the channel's full name. Two days later, the "Headline News" name was removed from on-air use with the HLN acronym becoming the channel's name full-time, and a new slogan, "News and Views", was introduced In September 2010, Scott Safon was named as president of HLN replacing Ken Jautz who was named president of CNN/U.S. On March 28, 2011, HLN switched its primary standard definition Answer the following question based on the given information or your internal knowledge with one or few words without the source. Question: what does the tv station hln stand for

Headline News

Given the following information: Passage-0 Title: Super Bowl commercials Content: during the regular season, has an average cost of around $700,000 for 30 seconds of time. The average cost of a 30-second ad during the Super Bowl increased by 87% between 2008 and 2017. However, the $5 million per 30 seconds appears to have become a soft cap, as for the third year in a row, as of Super Bowl LII, this has been quoted as the rough cost per ad. The high cost of purchasing advertising time, on top of the cost of producing the commercial itself, has led to concerns by marketers that the increased sales that can Passage-1 Title: Super Bowl commercials Content: $2.2 million at Super Bowl XXXIV in 2000, and by Super Bowl XLIX in 2015, had doubled to around $4.5 million. The cost of advertising during the Super Bowl has reached a point that some companies may not be able to recoup their costs from the resulting revenue. Some commercials airing during, or proposed to air during the game, have also attracted controversy due to the nature of their content. Super Bowl commercials are largely limited to the United States' broadcast of the game. Complaints about the inability to view the ads are prevalent in Canada, where federal "simsub" regulations Passage-2 Title: Super Bowl commercials Content: from the game. Super Bowl advertisements have become iconic and well-known because of their cinematographic quality, unpredictability, surreal humor, and use of special effects. The use of celebrity cameos has also been common in Super Bowl ads. A number of major brands, including Budweiser, Coca-Cola, Doritos, GoDaddy and Master Lock, have been well known for making repeated appearances during the Super Bowl. The prominence of airing a commercial during the Super Bowl has also carried an increasingly high price: the average cost of a 30-second commercial during the Super Bowl has ranged from $37,500 at Super Bowl I, to around Answer the following question based on the given information or your internal knowledge with one or few words without the source. Question: how much does it cost for a commercial in the super bowl

around $4.5 million

Given the following information: Passage-0 Title: Independence movement in Puerto Rico Content: Velez fled to St. Thomas where he lived in exile. Mattei Lluberas went into exile in New York City, joining a group known as the "Puerto Rican Commission". After four hundred years of colonial rule by the Spanish Empire, Puerto Rico finally received its sovereignty in 1897 through a "Carta de Autonomía" (Charter of Autonomy). It was signed by Spanish Prime Minister Práxedes Mateo Sagasta and ratified by the Spanish Cortes. A few months later, the United States claimed ownership of the island as part of the Treaty of Paris of 1898, which concluded the Spanish–American War, which they had Passage-1 Title: History of Puerto Rico Content: the island, was approved in Spain. In the past 400-plus years, after centuries of colonial rule, Práxedes Mateo Sagasta, the Prime Minister of Spain granted the island an autonomous government on November 25, 1897 in the empire's legislative body in Cádiz, Spain, and trade was opened up with the United States and European colonies. The charter maintained a governor appointed by Spain, who held the power to veto any legislative decision he disagreed with, and a partially elected parliamentary structure. That same year, the "Partido Autonomista Ortodoxo" (Orthodox Autonomist Party), led by José Celso Barbosa and Manuel Fernández Juncos, was Passage-2 Title: Puerto Rican Nationalist Party Content: party dissolved into factions and members joined other parties, but some continue to follow the party's ideals in one form or another, often informally or ad hoc, to this day. After four hundred years of colonial domination under the Spanish Empire, Puerto Rico finally received its sovereignty in 1898 through a "Carta de Autonomía" (Charter of Autonomy). This Charter of Autonomy was signed by Spanish Prime Minister Práxedes Mateo Sagasta and ratified by the Spanish Cortes. Despite this, just a few months later, the United States claimed ownership of the island as part of the Treaty of Paris which concluded Answer the following question based on the given information or your internal knowledge with one or few words without the source. Question: when did puerto rico became independent from spain

1898

Given the following information: Passage-0 Title: He's Just Not That into You (film) Content: He's Just Not That into You (film) He's Just Not That into You is a 2009 American romantic comedy-drama film directed by Ken Kwapis, based on the 2004 self-help book of the same name by Greg Behrendt and Liz Tuccillo, which in turn was inspired by a line of dialogue in "Sex and the City". The film features an ensemble cast that includes Ben Affleck, Jennifer Aniston, Drew Barrymore, Jennifer Connelly, Kevin Connolly, Bradley Cooper, Ginnifer Goodwin, Scarlett Johansson, and Justin Long. The movie is set in Baltimore, and follows the story of nine different people and their varying romantic Passage-1 Title: He's Just Not That into You Content: was released by New Line Cinema on February 6, 2009. Produced by Flower Films (Drew Barrymore's production company), filming was completed at the end of 2007. The film was released in theaters February 6, 2009. Ken Kwapis directed the film, which featured an all-star cast including Ben Affleck, Jennifer Aniston, Drew Barrymore, Kevin Connolly, Jennifer Connelly, Bradley Cooper, Ginnifer Goodwin, Scarlett Johansson, and Justin Long. Despite receiving mixed reviews from critics, it was a box office success, grossing over $180 million worldwide. The book appears in "Gilmore Girls" episode "Pulp Friction", when Lorelai Gilmore prepares the Dragon Fly Inn's library Passage-2 Title: Kevin Connolly (actor) Content: who is played by Adrian Grenier. In 2009, Connolly received a nomination for Golden Globe Award for Best Performance by an Actor in a Television Series – Musical or Comedy, and in September 2011 the show ended with its eighth season. In 2015, Connolly reprised his role as Eric in the "Entourage" film adaptation. In addition to television work, Connolly has appeared in several major motion pictures including "Antwone Fisher", "Secretariat", "John Q" and "The Notebook". In August 2007, he signed on to play a supporting character in "He's Just Not That Into You", which was released in 2009. In Answer the following question based on the given information or your internal knowledge with one or few words without the source. Question: who starred in he's just not that into you

Jennifer Aniston and Ginnifer Goodwin

Given the following information: Passage-0 Title: The Boy Is Mine (song) Content: The Boy Is Mine (song) "The Boy Is Mine" is a 1998 duet by American singers Brandy and Monica written and composed by LaShawn Daniels, Japhe Tejeda, Fred Jerkins III, Rodney "Darkchild" Jerkins, and Brandy with coproduction by Darkchild and Dallas Austin. It was released as the lead single from both singers' second albums from 1998, "Never Say Never" by Brandy and "The Boy Is Mine" by Monica. Inspired by Michael Jackson and Paul McCartney's 1982 duet "The Girl Is Mine", the lyrics of the mid-tempo R&B track revolve around two women fighting over a man. The song received generally Passage-1 Title: The Boy Is Mine (song) Content: listed it 54th on its 50th Anniversary All-Time Hot 100 Top Songs chart, and 18th on the All-Time Top R&B/Hip-Hop Songs countdown. The music video for the single, directed by Joseph Kahn, starred the singers and Mekhi Phifer. It was nominated for two MTV Video Music Awards, including Video of the Year and Best R&B Video. In 2012, after 14 years, the singers reunited on the single "It All Belongs to Me". "The Boy Is Mine" was a song Brandy wrote with Rodney "Darkchild" Jerkins, his brother Fred Jerkins III, Japhe Tejeda, and LaShawn Daniels. The singer came up with Passage-2 Title: The Boy Is Mine (song) Content: and Brandy thought a duet would help combat ongoing rumors that the singers were rivals. With the permission of Clive Davis, who headed Monica's record company Arista Records, Monica eventually signed on to the project. The song has a tempo of 93 beats per minute. Written in the key of C minor, it follows a chord progression of Fm–Cm, and the vocals span from G to F. Originally, the two artists recorded their vocals for the song together with Jerkins and his production team at the Record One Studios in North Hollywood. However, the joint recording was felt to be Answer the following question based on the given information or your internal knowledge with one or few words without the source. Question: who wrote the song the boy is mine

Rodney Jerkins

Given the following information: Passage-0 Title: Income tax in Australia Content: on annual turnover. Generally, capital gains are only subject to tax at the time the gain is realised and are reduced by 50% if the capital asset sold was held for more than 1 year. In Australia the financial year runs from 1 July to 30 June of the following year. The first income tax in Australia was imposed in 1902 by Queensland. Federal income tax was first introduced in 1915, as a wartime measure to help fund Australia’s war effort in the First World War. Between 1915 and 1942, income taxes were levied by both State governments and the Passage-1 Title: Capital gains tax in Australia Content: Capital gains tax in Australia Capital gains tax (CGT), in the context of the Australian taxation system, is a tax applied to the capital gain made on the disposal of any asset, with a number of specific exemptions, the most significant one being the family home. Rollover provisions apply to some disposals, one of the most significant of which are transfers to beneficiaries on death, so that the CGT is not a quasi estate tax. CGT operates by treating net capital gains as taxable income in the tax year in which an asset is sold or otherwise disposed of. If Passage-2 Title: Income tax in Australia Content: rates. Capital gains applies to individuals, companies and any other entity which can legally own an asset. Trusts usually pass on their CGT liability to their beneficiaries. Partners are taxed separately on the CGT made by partnerships. In 1999, Howard's Liberal–National coalition Government legislated to end the practice of cost base indexation (using the Consumer Price Index) on capital gains as a result of purchases made after 11.45am (by legal time in the ACT) on 21 September 1999. This simplified calculation of capital gains and losses. The Government under Prime Minister Howard replaced cost base indexation with the allowance for Answer the following question based on the given information or your internal knowledge with one or few words without the source. Question: when was capital gains tax introduced in australia

20 September 1985

Given the following information: Passage-0 Title: Grand slam (baseball) Content: is believed to have been the first major league player to hit a grand slam, on September 10, 1881, for the Troy Trojans. Although Charlie Gould hit one for the Boston Red Stockings (now the Atlanta Braves) in the National Association (NA) on September 5, 1871, the NA is not recognized by MLB as a major league. Alex Rodriguez has 25 career grand slams, the most by any player in Major League Baseball history, passing Lou Gehrig's 23 on September 20, 2013. Don Mattingly set the one-season record with six grand slams in – remarkably, the only grand slams of Passage-1 Title: Grand slam (baseball) Content: three runs. The most recent ultimate grand slam was hit by Chicago Cubs' infielder David Bote on August 12, 2018. This grand slam also occurred under the cliché situation described above (except that the count was only 2-2), with the additional rarity that Bote hit his slam with his team down 3-0, becoming only the second player in MLB history to hit a walk-off grand slam in that situation. Three players have hit two walk-off grand slams in a season, Cy Williams in 1926, Jim Presley in 1986, and Steve Pearce in 2017. Pearce's first was on July 27 (an Passage-2 Title: Grand slam (baseball) Content: the Kansas City Royals surrendered grand slams in three straight games; two against the Baltimore Orioles (April 13–14) and one against the Tigers (April 16). Also in 2006, Travis Hafner of the Cleveland Indians set a major league record by hitting five grand slams prior to the All-Star break, on his way to tying Mattingly for one season (his sixth was on August 13.) On July 16, Carlos Beltrán and Cliff Floyd of the New York Mets hit grand slams during an 11-run sixth inning against the Chicago Cubs, marking the eighth time two grand slams were hit in a Answer the following question based on the given information or your internal knowledge with one or few words without the source. Question: who has the most grand slams in major league baseball history

Alex Rodriguez

Given the following information: Passage-0 Title: Governor of the Virgin Islands Content: Governor of the Virgin Islands The Governor of the Virgin Islands is the representative of the British monarch in the United Kingdom's overseas territory of the British Virgin Islands. The governor is appointed by the monarch on the advice of the British government. The role of the governor is to act as the "de facto" head of state, and he or she is responsible for appointing the chief minister and the executive council. The current governor is Augustus Jaspert. The governor has his own flag, the Union Flag defaced with the territory's coat of arms. The official residence of the Passage-1 Title: Governor of the Virgin Islands Content: governor is Government House located in Road Town, Tortola. The first colonial administration on the islands was the Dutch. England annexed the Islands in 1672. An administrator was appointed to the islands from 1887, and replaced by a governor in 1971 when the islands were created a distinct territory. Prior to this date, the local council would elect one of their members to be president (see List of Presidents of the British Virgin Islands). Up until 1971 the administrators were answerable to the Governors of the Leeward Islands, of which the British Virgin Islands formed a part. The governor shall Passage-2 Title: Governor of the Virgin Islands Content: be responsible for the conduct of any business of the Government of the Virgin Islands, including the administration of any department of government, with respect to the following matters: The governor also has various powers to make and remove appointments, and a power of pardon. Subject to certain exceptions the governor is required consult with the Cabinet in the exercise of all functions conferred on him or her by the Constitution of the British Virgin Islands or any other law for the time being in force in the British Virgin Islands. Governor of the Virgin Islands The Governor of the Answer the following question based on the given information or your internal knowledge with one or few words without the source. Question: who is the governor of the virgin islands

Kenneth Mapp

Given the following information: Passage-0 Title: Bolívar (cigar brand) Content: Bolívar (cigar brand) Bolívar is the name of two brands of premium cigar, one produced on the island of Cuba for Habanos SA, the Cuban state-owned tobacco company, and the other produced in the Dominican Republic from Dominican and Nicaraguan tobacco for General Cigar Company, which is today a subsidiary of Scandinavian Tobacco Group. Both are named for the South American revolutionary, Simón Bolívar. The Cuban-produced "Bolívar" cigars are very full-bodied, with considerable "ligero" in the blend and have traditionally been some of the strongest and most full-bodied Havana cigars. The brand was founded (possibly in Great Britain) by José Passage-1 Title: Romeo y Julieta (cigar) Content: Romeo y Julieta (cigar) Romeo y Julieta is the name of two brands of premium cigar, one produced on the island of Cuba for Habanos SA, the Cuban state-owned tobacco company, and the other produced in La Romana, Dominican Republic for Altadis SA, a division of Imperial Tobacco. The Romeo y Julieta marque was established in 1875 by Inocencio Alvarez and Manin Garcia. The brand is the Spanish name for Shakespeare's famous tragedy, Romeo and Juliet. Between 1885 and 1900, the brand won numerous awards at different tasting exhibitions (as still evidenced by the gold medals on the brand's logo). Passage-2 Title: El Rey del Mundo (cigar) Content: El Rey del Mundo (cigar) El Rey del Mundo is the name of two premium cigar brands, one produced on the island of Cuba for Habanos SA, the Cuban state-owned tobacco company, and other produced in Honduras by the Villazon family. Believed to have been created, along with Sancho Panza, by German businessman Emilio Ohmstedt in 1848, El Rey del Mundo ("King of the World" in Spanish) was at one time the most expensive and prestigious cigar brand in the world. Spanish businessman Antonio Allones took over the brand sometime around 1882 (a rival version of the brand's history claims Answer the following question based on the given information or your internal knowledge with one or few words without the source. Question: cigars named for the island capital of cuba

Havana cigars

Given the following information: Passage-0 Title: History of the Toronto Blue Jays Content: in the ALCS, and then the Philadelphia Phillies, 4 games to 2, for their second straight World Series victory. The World Series featured several exciting games, including Game 4, played under a slight rain, in which the Blue Jays came back from a 14–9 deficit to win 15–14 and take a 3 games to 1 lead in the series. It remains the highest scoring game in World Series history. Game 6 in Toronto saw the Blue Jays lead 5–1, but give up 5 runs in the 7th inning to trail 6–5. In the bottom of the 9th inning Joe Carter Passage-1 Title: Toronto Blue Jays Content: Carter, infielders John Olerud and Roberto Alomar, designated hitter Molitor, plus starting pitcher Pat Hentgen, and closer Duane Ward. In August, the Jays acquired former nemesis Rickey Henderson from the Athletics. The Blue Jays cruised to a 95–67 record, one less win than 1992 and seven games ahead of the New York Yankees, winning their third straight division title. The Jays beat the Chicago White Sox four games to two in the ALCS, and then the Philadelphia Phillies, four games to two, for their second straight World Series victory. The World Series featured several exciting games, including Game 4, played Passage-2 Title: Toronto Blue Jays Content: award-winning All-Star players, including Hall of Famer Roberto Alomar, Joe Carter, John Olerud, and Devon White. The Blue Jays became the first (and, to date, only) team outside the US to appear in and win a World Series, and the fastest AL expansion team to do so, winning in its 16th year. After 1993, the Blue Jays failed to qualify for the playoffs for 21 consecutive seasons, until clinching a playoff berth and division championship in 2015. The team clinched a second consecutive playoff berth in 2016, after securing an AL wild card position. Both years, the Jays won the Answer the following question based on the given information or your internal knowledge with one or few words without the source. Question: when did the blue jays win world series

1993

Given the following information: Passage-0 Title: Bernard Lee Content: the role of M by Robert Brown who acted with Lee in "The Spy Who Loved Me" From 1962 to 1979 Lee featured in eleven James Bond films as the character M, Bond's superior. Bernard Lee John Bernard Lee (10 January 190816 January 1981), known as Bernard Lee, was an English actor, best known for his role as M in the first eleven Eon-produced James Bond films. Lee's film career spanned the years 1934 to 1979, though he had appeared on stage from the age of six. He was trained at the Royal Academy of Dramatic Art in London. Lee Passage-1 Title: M (James Bond) Content: M (James Bond) M is a fictional character in Ian Fleming's James Bond books and films; the Chief of the Secret Intelligence Service—also known as MI6—and Bond's superior. Fleming based the character on a number of people he knew who commanded sections of British intelligence. M has appeared in the novels by Fleming and seven continuation authors, as well as in twenty-four films. In the Eon Productions series of films, M has been portrayed by four actors: Bernard Lee, Robert Brown, Judi Dench and Ralph Fiennes, the incumbent; in the two independent productions, M was played by John Huston, David Passage-2 Title: Bernard Lee Content: Bernard Lee John Bernard Lee (10 January 190816 January 1981), known as Bernard Lee, was an English actor, best known for his role as M in the first eleven Eon-produced James Bond films. Lee's film career spanned the years 1934 to 1979, though he had appeared on stage from the age of six. He was trained at the Royal Academy of Dramatic Art in London. Lee appeared in over one hundred films, as well as on stage and in television dramatisations. He was known for his roles as authority figures, often playing military characters or policemen in films such as Answer the following question based on the given information or your internal knowledge with one or few words without the source. Question: who played m in the first james bond movie

Bernard Lee

Given the following information: Passage-0 Title: Renée Felice Smith Content: 3, 2016. Smith appeared in the March 1, 2017 episode of "It's Always Sunny in Philadelphia" entitled "A Cricket's Tale". Smith and director C.A. Gabriel directed their first feature film entitled "The Relationtrip" (2017), which premiered at SXSW in March 2017. Renée Felice Smith Renée Felice Smith (born January 16, 1985) is an American actress. She is known for portraying Nell Jones on "", since joining the series that began in 2010. Smith attended Patchogue-Medford High School on Long Island, New York, as well as the Tisch School of the Arts at New York University, double majoring in journalism and Passage-1 Title: Renée Felice Smith Content: Renée Felice Smith Renée Felice Smith (born January 16, 1985) is an American actress. She is known for portraying Nell Jones on "", since joining the series that began in 2010. Smith attended Patchogue-Medford High School on Long Island, New York, as well as the Tisch School of the Arts at New York University, double majoring in journalism and minoring in history, Stonestreet Studios Conservatory and the Lee Strasberg Institute. Smith's first acting job was a national television commercial for Dannon yogurt at age six. Smith started off in theatre, having made her debut in Second Stage's "Wildflower". She was Passage-2 Title: NCIS: Los Angeles Content: of Agent Kensi Blye (Daniela Ruah), a hand-to-hand combat specialist and forensic whiz, Sam Hanna (LL Cool J), a former Navy SEAL and G's partner, technical analyst (Barrett Foa), and ranking team member Shay Mosley (Nia Long), NCIS Executive Assistant Director for Pacific Operations (EAD-PAC). Over the course of the series, the team are assisted by allies from both NCIS and its local counterparts, including LAPD liaison officer Marty Deeks (Eric Christian Olsen), Intelligence Analyst Nell Jones (Renee Felice Smith), Operational Psychologist Nate Getz (Peter Cambor), and rookie field agent Dominic Vail (Adam Jamal Craig), all of whom work side-by-side Answer the following question based on the given information or your internal knowledge with one or few words without the source. Question: who plays nell jones on ncis los angeles

Renée Felice Smith

Given the following information: Passage-0 Title: Russian Revolution Content: Russian Revolution The Russian Revolution was a pair of revolutions in Russia in 1917 which dismantled the Tsarist autocracy and led to the rise of the Soviet Union. The Russian Empire collapsed with the abdication of Emperor Nicholas II and the old regime was replaced by a provisional government during the first revolution of February 1917 (March in the Gregorian calendar; the older Julian calendar was in use in Russia at the time). Alongside it arose grassroots community assemblies (called 'Soviets') which contended for authority. In the second revolution that October, the Provisional Government was toppled and all power was Passage-1 Title: February Revolution Content: February Revolution The February Revolution (), known in Soviet historiography as the February Bourgeois Democratic Revolution, was the first of two revolutions which took place in Russia in 1917. The main events of the revolution took place in and near Petrograd (present-day St. Petersburg), the then-capital of Russia, where long-standing discontent with the monarchy erupted into mass protests against food rationing on 23 February Old Style (8 March New Style). Revolutionary activity lasted about eight days, involving mass demonstrations and violent armed clashes with police and gendarmes, the last loyal forces of the Russian monarchy. On 27 February O.S. (12 Passage-2 Title: Russian Revolution Content: given to the Soviets. The February Revolution (March 1917) was a revolution focused around Petrograd (now Saint Petersburg), the capital of Russia at that time. In the chaos, members of the Imperial parliament (the Duma) assumed control of the country, forming the Russian Provisional Government which was heavily dominated by the interests of large capitalists and the noble aristocracy. The army leadership felt they did not have the means to suppress the revolution, resulting in Tsar Nicholas's abdication. The Soviets, which were dominated by soldiers and the urban industrial working class, initially permitted the Provisional Government to rule, but insisted Answer the following question based on the given information or your internal knowledge with one or few words without the source. Question: what was the date of the russian revolution

1917

Given the following information: Passage-0 Title: Bigg Boss Content: at Lonavala. The house for "Bigg Boss Tamil" was constructed at EVP Film City, Chennai and is being used since the first season. Both the seasons so far have had as the prize money. Aaravand Riythvika was the winners of the first and second seasons of the show. All the episodes of the show are available on the OTT platform Hotstar. "Bigg Boss Telugu" is the Telugu version of the show and was produced by Star India on Star Maa with Jr NTR as the host and the Lonavala house was used for the first season. The second season is Passage-1 Title: Bigg Boss Telugu 2 Content: Bigg Boss Telugu 2 Bigg Boss Telugu 2 is the second season of the Telugu-language version of the reality TV show "Bigg Boss" broadcast in India. The season premiered on June 10, 2018 on Star Maa. Nani hosts the show and it is the second longest season for 112 days in Indian versions of "Bigg Boss". Unlike the first season, this season featured general public along with celebrities as housemates. For this season of Bigg Boss, a lavish house set has been constructed in Backlots of Annapurna Studios 7 Acres, Jubilee Hills, Hyderabad. The season was extended by one week Passage-2 Title: Bigg Boss Telugu 1 Content: Bigg Boss Telugu 1 Bigg Boss Telugu 1 is the first season of Telugu-language version of the reality TV show "Bigg Boss" broadcast in India. The season was launched on 16 July 2017 on Star Maa. N. T. Rama Rao Jr. hosted the show. The prize money for the winner was Rs. 50 Lakhs. For this season of "Bigg Boss", a lavish house set was constructed in Lonavla. Siva Balaji was the winner. The "Bigg Boss" house garden area was well decorated for the season finale. All eliminated contestants entered the house as guests. All housemates enjoyed their "Bigg Boss" Answer the following question based on the given information or your internal knowledge with one or few words without the source. Question: where is big boss house located in telugu

Lonawala

Given the following information: Passage-0 Title: DSM-5 Content: DSM-5 The Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, Fifth Edition (DSM-5) is the 2013 update to the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, the taxonomic and diagnostic tool published by the American Psychiatric Association (APA). In the United States, the DSM serves as the principal authority for psychiatric diagnoses. Treatment recommendations, as well as payment by health care providers, are often determined by DSM classifications, so the appearance of a new version has significant practical importance. The DSM-5 was published on May 18, 2013, superseding the DSM-IV-TR, which was published in 2000. The development of the new edition Passage-1 Title: DSM-5 Content: adopting the RDoC definitions. DSM-5 The Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, Fifth Edition (DSM-5) is the 2013 update to the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, the taxonomic and diagnostic tool published by the American Psychiatric Association (APA). In the United States, the DSM serves as the principal authority for psychiatric diagnoses. Treatment recommendations, as well as payment by health care providers, are often determined by DSM classifications, so the appearance of a new version has significant practical importance. The DSM-5 was published on May 18, 2013, superseding the DSM-IV-TR, which was published in 2000. The development Passage-2 Title: Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders Content: have been said to provide important insights into the character and quality of the decisions that led to the production of DSM-IV, and hence the scientific credibility of contemporary psychiatric classification. The fifth edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM), the DSM-5, was approved by the Board of Trustees of the APA on December 1, 2012. Published on May 18, 2013, the DSM-5 contains extensively revised diagnoses and, in some cases, broadens diagnostic definitions while narrowing definitions in other cases. The DSM-5 is the first major edition of the manual in twenty years. A significant change Answer the following question based on the given information or your internal knowledge with one or few words without the source. Question: when did the dsm 5 go into effect

May 18, 2013

Given the following information: Passage-0 Title: Murdoch Mysteries Content: be continuing the series beyond its fifth season. Then, on November 15, 2011, it was reported that CBC had picked up the show and ordered a sixth season, which premiered on January 7, 2013. On April 2, 2013, CBC renewed the show for a seventh season, with 18 episodes, which started on September 30, 2013. In April 2014, the show was renewed for an eighth season. On March 4, 2015, CBC renewed "Murdoch Mysteries" for a ninth season. It remains one of the CBC's most highly rated programs, regularly watched by more than 1.4 million viewers. On March 31, 2016, Passage-1 Title: Murdoch Mysteries Content: CBC announced the tenth season of "Murdoch Mysteries", ten days after the ninth-season finale. On March 13, 2017, CBC renewed the show for an eleventh season, which will consist of 18 episodes and a third two-hour Christmas special. On March 11, 2018 the show was renewed for a twelfth season of 18 episodes. "Murdoch Mysteries" has, at times, been known for using stunt casting of famous actors or non-actor personalities in guest roles. Noted examples have included Stephen Harper, at the time the Prime Minister of Canada, in a small role as a police desk clerk; William Shatner portraying writer Passage-2 Title: Murdoch Mysteries Content: and Australia. ITV Studios Home Entertainment has released four seasons on DVD in the UK and has also released a box set of the seasons 1–3. Season 4 onward, are available through Amazon UK, but in Region 1 format only. The first seven seasons are available for home viewing via streaming from Acorn. "Once Upon a Murdoch Christmas" was released in Region 1 on October 10, 2017 on both DVD and Blu-ray. Murdoch Mysteries Murdoch Mysteries is a Canadian television drama series aired on both Citytv and CBC Television (titled The Artful Detective on the Ovation cable TV network) featuring Answer the following question based on the given information or your internal knowledge with one or few words without the source. Question: how many seasons were there of murdoch mysteries

11

Given the following information: Passage-0 Title: Levee Content: levees extending some along the Mississippi, stretching from Cape Girardeau, Missouri, to the Mississippi Delta. They were begun by French settlers in Louisiana in the 18th century to protect the city of New Orleans. The first Louisiana levees were about high and covered a distance of about along the riverside. The U.S. Army Corps of Engineers, in conjunction with the Mississippi River Commission, extended the levee system beginning in 1882 to cover the riverbanks from Cairo, Illinois to the mouth of the Mississippi delta in Louisiana. By the mid-1980s, they had reached their present extent and averaged in height; some Passage-1 Title: Hurricane preparedness for New Orleans Content: occasional severe tropical storms which pushed the waters of Lake Pontchartrain into settled areas. Construction of the levees along the River began soon after the city was founded, and more extensive river levees were built as the city grew. These earthen barriers were erected to prevent damage caused by seasonal Mississippi River flooding. The Lake Pontchartrain shore was mostly undeveloped swamp, and only small levees were built there in the 19th century. Awareness of the city's vulnerability to hurricanes dates back to the early Colonial era. A major hurricane hit the city in September 1722, leveling many of the buildings Passage-2 Title: Drainage in New Orleans Content: described as in the first hour of rainfall followed by per hour afterward. The city of New Orleans is located in the Mississippi River Delta on the east and west banks of the Mississippi River and south of Lake Pontchartrain. The city was originally settled on the natural levees or high ground, along the river. In the 1960s, floodwalls and man-made levees were constructed around a much larger geographic footprint that included previous marshland and swamp. Over time, pumping of nearby marshland allowed for development into lower elevation areas. Today, a large portion of New Orleans is at or below Answer the following question based on the given information or your internal knowledge with one or few words without the source. Question: when were the levees in new orleans built

early colonial times

Given the following information: Passage-0 Title: Choose or Lose Content: Choose or Lose "Choose or Lose" is the eighteenth episode of the seventh season of "Pretty Little Liars", and the show's 158th episode overall, which premiered on the Freeform network in the United States on June 13, 2017. The episode was directed by Norman Buckley and written by Charlie Craig. In this episode, the Liars finally discover that Aria (Lucy Hale) has been working with 'A.D.' after Mona (Janel Parrish) investigated on Aria. Lieutenant Tanner (Roma Maffia) returns to Rosewood to work on the Dunhill's homicide case, quickly targeting the Liars on her radar. Caleb (Tyler Blackburn) and Hanna (Ashley Passage-1 Title: Choose or Lose Content: Weekly" gave the episode a B+ letter rating. Choose or Lose "Choose or Lose" is the eighteenth episode of the seventh season of "Pretty Little Liars", and the show's 158th episode overall, which premiered on the Freeform network in the United States on June 13, 2017. The episode was directed by Norman Buckley and written by Charlie Craig. In this episode, the Liars finally discover that Aria (Lucy Hale) has been working with 'A.D.' after Mona (Janel Parrish) investigated on Aria. Lieutenant Tanner (Roma Maffia) returns to Rosewood to work on the Dunhill's homicide case, quickly targeting the Liars on Passage-2 Title: In the Eye Abides the Heart Content: the Heart" premiered on May 23, 2017 to an audience of 0.85 million Americans, acquiring a 0.4 rating/share among adults 18–49, a decrease from the previous episode, and the lower rating in the season until then. In the Eye Abides the Heart "In the Eye Abides the Heart" is the 155th episode overall and the fifteenth episode of the seventh season of "Pretty Little Liars", which premiered on May 23, 2017, on the cable network Freeform. It was directed by cast member Troian Bellisario and written by executive producer Joseph Dougherty. The installment received a Nielsen rating of 0.4 and Answer the following question based on the given information or your internal knowledge with one or few words without the source. Question: when is pll season 7 episode 18 coming out

June 13, 2017

Given the following information: Passage-0 Title: T. C. Anand Kumar Content: in research on in-vitro fertilization and led a team which created the first official test tube baby in India. The baby, Harsha Chawda née Harsha, was born on 6 August 1986 at King Edward Memorial Hospital and Seth Gordhandas Sunderdas Medical College, Mumbai, by a caesarian section performed by Indira Hinduja. Subsequently, he came to know about the researches of Subhash Mukherjee and about the birth of Kanupriya Agarwal (Durga) on 3 October 1978 in Kolkata under the supervision of Mukherjee. Kumar checked the handwritten notes and research papers of Mukherjee and acknowledged that the first test tube baby born Passage-1 Title: History of technology Content: were very powerful by the late 1970s and genetic theory and knowledge were expanding, leading to developments in genetic engineering. The first "test tube baby" Louise Brown was born in 1978, which led to the first successful gestational surrogacy pregnancy in 1985 and the first pregnancy by ICSI in 1991, which is the implanting of a single sperm into an egg. Preimplantation genetic diagnosis was first performed in late 1989 and led to successful births in July 1990. These procedures have become relatively common. The massive data analysis resources necessary for running transatlantic research programs such as the Human Genome Passage-2 Title: Patrick Steptoe Content: Patrick Steptoe Patrick Christopher Steptoe CBE FRS (9 June 1913, Oxford, England – 21 March 1988, Canterbury) was a British obstetrician and gynaecologist and a pioneer of fertility treatment. Steptoe was responsible with biologist and physiologist Robert Edwards for developing in vitro fertilization. Louise Joy Brown, the first test-tube baby, was born on 25 July 1978. Edwards was awarded the 2010 Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine for his work on the development of in vitro fertilization, however because the Nobel Prize is not awarded posthumously, Steptoe was not eligible for consideration. Steptoe was educated at The Grammar School, Witney Answer the following question based on the given information or your internal knowledge with one or few words without the source. Question: when was the first test tube baby born

25 July 1978

Given the following information: Passage-0 Title: Week Content: "wice", ultimately from a Common Germanic ', from a root ' "turn, move, change". The Germanic word probably had a wider meaning prior to the adoption of the Roman calendar, perhaps "succession series", as suggested by Gothic "wikō" translating "taxis" "order" in Luke 1:8. The seven-day week is named in many languages by a word derived from "seven". The archaism sennight ("seven-night") preserves the old Germanic practice of reckoning time by nights, as in the more common "fortnight" ("fourteen-night"). Hebdomad and hebdomadal week both derive from the Greek "hebdomás" (, "a seven"). The obsolete septimane is cognate with the Romance Passage-1 Title: Week Content: Week A week is a time unit equal to seven days. It is the standard time period used for cycles of rest days in most parts of the world, mostly alongside—although not strictly part of—the Gregorian calendar. The days of the week were named after the classical planets (derived from the astrological system of planetary hours) in the Roman era. In English, the names are Sunday, Monday, Tuesday, Wednesday, Thursday, Friday, and Saturday . ISO 8601 includes the ISO week date system, a numbering system for weeks within a given year – each week begins on a Monday and is Passage-2 Title: Week Content: on the sunrise naming convention. The earliest known reference in Chinese writings to a seven-day week is attributed to Fan Ning, who lived in the late 4th century in the Jin Dynasty, while diffusions from the Manichaeans are documented with the writings of the Chinese Buddhist monk Yi Jing and the Ceylonese or Central Asian Buddhist monk Bu Kong of the 7th century (Tang Dynasty). The Chinese variant of the planetary system was brought to Japan by the Japanese monk Kobo Daishi (9th century). Surviving diaries of the Japanese statesman Fujiwara Michinaga show the seven-day system in use in Heian Answer the following question based on the given information or your internal knowledge with one or few words without the source. Question: where did the concept of a week come from

Judaism

Given the following information: Passage-0 Title: United States Content: from Siberia to the North American mainland at least 15,000 years ago. European colonization began in the 16th century. The United States emerged from the thirteen British colonies established along the East Coast. Numerous disputes between Great Britain and the colonies following the French and Indian War led to the American Revolution, which began in 1775, and the subsequent Declaration of Independence in 1776. The war ended in 1783 with the United States becoming the first country to gain independence from a European power. The current constitution was adopted in 1788, with the first ten amendments, collectively named the Bill Passage-1 Title: United States Content: of July is celebrated annually as Independence Day. The Second Continental Congress declared on September 9 "where, heretofore, the words 'United Colonies' have been used, the stile be altered for the future to the 'United States' ". In 1777, the Articles of Confederation established a weak government that operated until 1789. Britain recognized the independence of the United States following their defeat at Yorktown in 1781. In the peace treaty of 1783, American sovereignty was recognized from the Atlantic coast west to the Mississippi River. Nationalists led the Philadelphia Convention of 1787 in writing the United States Constitution, ratified in Passage-2 Title: North America Content: of the 19th, independence movements that sprung up across the continent, led to the creation of the modern countries in the area. The 13 British colonies on the North Atlantic coast declared independence in 1776, becoming the United States of America. Canada was formed from the unification of northern territories controlled by Britain and France. New Spain, a territory that stretched from modern-day southern US to Central America, declared independence in 1810, becoming the First Mexican Empire. In 1823 the former Captaincy General of Guatemala, then part of the Mexican Empire, became the first independent state in Central America, officially Answer the following question based on the given information or your internal knowledge with one or few words without the source. Question: when did the us become the united states

1776

Given the following information: Passage-0 Title: Oil painting Content: the medium. The oil may be boiled with a resin, such as pine resin or frankincense, to create a varnish prized for its body and gloss. Although oil paint was first used for Buddhist paintings by painters in western Afghanistan sometime between the fifth and tenth centuries, it did not gain popularity until the 15th century. Its practice may have migrated westward during the Middle Ages. Oil paint eventually became the principal medium used for creating artworks as its advantages became widely known. The transition began with Early Netherlandish painting in Northern Europe, and by the height of the Renaissance Passage-1 Title: Oil painting Content: their fingers. Oil painters traditionally applied paint in layers known as "glazes", a method also simply called "indirect painting". This method was first perfected through an adaptation of the egg tempera painting technique, and was applied by the Flemish painters in Northern Europe with pigments ground in linseed oil. More recently, this approach has been called the "mixed technique" or "mixed method". The first coat (the underpainting) is laid down, often painted with egg tempera or turpentine-thinned paint. This layer helps to "tone" the canvas and to cover the white of the gesso. Many artists use this layer to sketch Passage-2 Title: Oil painting Content: The various oils dry differently, which creates assorted effects. Traditionally, artists mixed their own paints from raw pigments that they often ground themselves and medium. This made portability difficult and kept most painting activities confined to the studio. This changed in the 1800s, when tubes of oil paint became widely available following the American portrait painter John Goffe Rand's invention of the squeezable or collapsible metal tube in 1841 (the year of Claude Monet's birth). Artists could mix colors quickly and easily, which enabled, for the first time, relatively convenient plein air painting (a common approach in French Impressionism). A Answer the following question based on the given information or your internal knowledge with one or few words without the source. Question: where did painters perfect the technique of painting with an oil medium

Netherlandish painting

Given the following information: Passage-0 Title: Blue poison dart frog Content: sexual maturity at two years of age. The expected lifespan of "D. tinctorius" ""azureus"" is between 4 and 6 years in the wild, and about 10 years in captivity. The blue poison dart frog feeds on ants, beetles, flies, mites, spiders, termites, maggots, and caterpillars. In captivity, like most captive dart frogs, they eat a staple diet of fruit flies, pinhead crickets, rice flour beetle larvae, and springtails. Blue poison dart frog The blue poison dart frog or blue poison arrow frog or known by its native name, "okopipi", ("Dendrobates tinctorius" ""azureus"") is a poison dart frog found in the Passage-1 Title: Blue poison dart frog Content: and grows to 3.0-4.5 cm in length. Females are larger and about half a centimeter longer than males, but males have larger toes. The frog has a typical lifespan of five to seven years in the wild. Its bright blue skin, usually darker around its limbs and stomach, serves as a warning to predators. The glands of poisonous alkaloids located a defense mechanism to potential predators. These poisons paralyze and sometimes kill the predator. The black spots are unique to each frog, enabling individuals to be identified. This species of frog has a distinctive hunch-backed posture. Each foot has four Passage-2 Title: Blue poison dart frog Content: Blue poison dart frog The blue poison dart frog or blue poison arrow frog or known by its native name, "okopipi", ("Dendrobates tinctorius" ""azureus"") is a poison dart frog found in the forests surrounded by the Sipaliwini savanna, which is located in southern Suriname and adjacent far northern Brazil. "D. tinctorius" ""azureus"" is also known by its indigenous Tirio name, "okopipi". Its scientific name comes from its azure color. While frequently considered a valid species in the past, recent authorities treat it as a variant of "D. tinctorius". "D. tinctorius" ""azureus"" is a medium-sized frog that weighs about 8 g Answer the following question based on the given information or your internal knowledge with one or few words without the source. Question: where does the blue poison dart frog live

Sipaliwini savanna

Given the following information: Passage-0 Title: Cleveland Metroparks Zoo Content: Opened originally as the Primate & Cat Building in 1975, the Primate, Cat & Aquatics Building houses one of the largest collections of primate species in North America, including western lowland gorillas, New World monkeys, aye-ayes, and several species of lemur. However, the building does not house the Zoo's entire primate population; numerous primate species can also be found in the RainForest. In 1985, the Cleveland Aquarium permanently closed and donated its collection of exotic fishes and invertebrates to the Metroparks Zoo. A section of the Primate & Cat building was renovated to accommodate the new Aquatics section, which currently Passage-1 Title: Cleveland Metroparks Zoo Content: the Zoo had recovered by 1962, it would not have another permanent reptile collection until the opening of the RainForest thirty years later. Construction began on the Primate & Cat Building in 1975 (the Aquatics section would be added in 1985), later followed by the RainForest in 1992, Wolf Wilderness in 1997, Australian Adventure in 2000, and the Sarah Allison Steffee Center for Zoological Medicine in 2004. The Zoo's official website states that it currently has 3,000 animal residents representing more than 600 different species. The following is a timeline of when selected buildings and exhibits were created: Retired Cleveland Passage-2 Title: Cleveland Metroparks Zoo Content: features 35 salt- and freshwater exhibits including a variety of sharks, piranhas, a giant Pacific octopus, electric eels, and hundreds of living coral. The Primate, Cat & Aquatics Building has also featured outdoor exhibits such as the outdoor section of the gorilla exhibit, snow leopards, red pandas, and fossas; some of these animals moved to Asian Highlands in 2018. The zoo's slowest resident, the Aldabra giant tortoise, can be found in the enclosure directly across from its fastest resident, the cheetah. The marshy shallows of Waterfowl Lake are home to Chilean flamingos and trumpeter swans. During the summer months, Müller's Answer the following question based on the given information or your internal knowledge with one or few words without the source. Question: how many animals are at the cleveland zoo

3,000

Given the following information: Passage-0 Title: Beowulf Content: Beowulf Beowulf (; ) is an Old English epic story consisting of 3,182 alliterative lines. It may be the oldest surviving long story in Old English and is commonly cited as one of the most important works of Old English literature. The date of composition is a matter of contention among scholars; the only certain dating pertains to the manuscript, which was produced between 975 and 1025. The author was an anonymous Anglo-Saxon poet, referred to by scholars as the ""Beowulf" author". The story is set in Scandinavia. Beowulf, a hero of the Geats, comes to the aid of Hrothgar, Passage-1 Title: Beowulf Content: in his book tells strongly in favour of an eighth-century date." "Beowulf" survives in a single manuscript dated on palaeographical grounds to the late 10th or early 11th century. The manuscript measures 245 × 185 mm. The poem is known only from a single manuscript, which is estimated to date from close to AD 1000, in which it appears with other works. The "Beowulf" manuscript is known as the Nowell Codex, gaining its name from 16th-century scholar Laurence Nowell. The official designation is "British Library, Cotton Vitellius A.XV" because it was one of Sir Robert Bruce Cotton's holdings in the Passage-2 Title: Beowulf Content: much degeneration, have nonetheless covered up other letters of the poem, causing further loss. Kevin Kiernan, in preparing his electronic edition of the manuscript, used fibre-optic backlighting and ultraviolet lighting to reveal letters in the manuscript lost from binding, erasure, or ink blotting. The "Beowulf" manuscript was transcribed from an original by two scribes, one of whom wrote the prose at the beginning of the manuscript and the first 1939 lines before breaking off in mid sentence. The first scribe made a point of carefully regularizing the spelling of the original document by using the common West Saxon language and Answer the following question based on the given information or your internal knowledge with one or few words without the source. Question: how many lines are in the complete manuscript of beowulf

3,182

Given the following information: Passage-0 Title: Lost in Space (2018 TV series) Content: was announced that Legendary Television and Synthesis Entertainment were developing a new reboot of "Lost in Space" and had hired screenwriting duo Matt Sazama and Burk Sharpless to pen the pilot episodes. In November 2015, Netflix landed the project. On June 29, 2016, Netflix ordered a full 10 episode season of "Lost in Space", with Zack Estrin as executive producer and showrunner. Sazama, Sharpless, Kevin Burns, Jon Jashni, Neil Marshall, and Marc Helwig also serve as executive producers. Production on the first season began in February 2017, in Vancouver, British Columbia, and concluded in July 2017. Season 2 began production Passage-1 Title: Lost in Space Content: "Battlestar Galactica" show bought the show's sets. They were redesigned the next year and used for scenes on the Battlestar "Pegasus". Dick Tufeld reprised his role as voice of the robot for the third time. On October 10, 2014, it was announced that Legendary TV was developing a new reboot of "Lost in Space" for Netflix with "Dracula Untold" screenwriters Matt Sazama and Burk Sharpless attached to write. On June 29, 2016, Netflix ordered the series with 10 episodes. The series debuted on Netflix on April 13, 2018. It was renewed for a second season on May 13, 2018. The Passage-2 Title: Lost in Space (film) Content: navigational data from the "Proteus" to set a potential course for Alpha Prime, the ship blasts off into hyperspace. Filming begun on March 3, 1997 in London's Shepperton Studios, with more than 700 special effects shots planned, done by Industrial Light & Magic and Jim Henson's Creature Shop. The $70 million "Lost in Space" film was New Line's hope to launch a multimedia franchise, followed by animated and live-action television series. Licensing deals were made with Trendmasters for toys and Harper Prism and Scholastic for tie-in novels. TVT Records released a soundtrack album on March 31, 1998, featuring 11 tracks Answer the following question based on the given information or your internal knowledge with one or few words without the source. Question: where was the current lost in space filmed

Vancouver, British Columbia

Given the following information: Passage-0 Title: Thailand Content: middle power in global affairs. With a high level of human development, the second largest economy in Southeast Asia, and the 20th largest by PPP, Thailand is classified as a newly industrialized economy; manufacturing, agriculture, and tourism are leading sectors of the economy. Thailand ( or ; , , ), officially the Kingdom of Thailand (, , ), formerly known as Siam (, ), is a country at the centre of the Indochinese peninsula in Southeast Asia. The country has always been called "Mueang Thai" by its citizens. By outsiders prior to 1949, it was usually known by the exonym Passage-1 Title: Economy of Thailand Content: 2014. Thailand's flagging economic performance led, at the end of 2015, to increased criticism of the National Council for Peace and Order's (NCPO) handling of the economy, both at home and in influential Western media. The military government unveiled its newest economic initiative, "Thailand 4.0", in 2016. Thailand 4.0 is the "...master plan to free Thailand from the middle-income trap, making it a high-income nation in five years." The government narrative describes Thailand 1.0 as the agrarian economy of Thailand decades ago. Thailand 1.0 gave way to Thailand 2.0, when the nation's economy moved on to light industry, textiles, and Passage-2 Title: Economy of Thailand Content: in China and India with Asia’s newest economic grouping, the ASEAN Economic Community, of which Thailand is a member. Critics of the SEZs maintain that free trade agreements and SEZs are incompatible with the principles of the late-King Bhumibol's sufficiency economy, claimed by the government to be the inspiration for governmental economic and social policies. "Thailand's shadow economy ranks globally among the highest," according to Friedrich Schneider, an economist at Johannes Kepler University of Linz in Austria, author of "Hiding in the Shadows: The Growth of the Underground Economy". He estimates Thailand's shadow economy was 40.9 percent of real GDP Answer the following question based on the given information or your internal knowledge with one or few words without the source. Question: what type of economic system does thailand have

heavily export-dependent

Given the following information: Passage-0 Title: Super Bowl Content: conference champions to determine the NFL's league champion. Currently, the National Football Conference leads the league with 27 wins to 25 wins for the American Football Conference. The Pittsburgh Steelers have the most Super Bowl championship titles, with six. The New England Patriots have the most Super Bowl appearances, with ten. Charles Haley and Tom Brady both have five Super Bowl rings, which is the record for the most rings won by a single player. The day on which the Super Bowl is played, now considered by some as an unofficial American national holiday, is called "Super Bowl Sunday". It Passage-1 Title: Championship ring Content: the rings. The NFL pays up to $5,000 per ring for up to 150 rings for teams that win the Super Bowl. Teams can distribute any number of rings but must pay for any additional costs, and may offer lesser rings at their discretion. The NBA standardized its championship ring from 1969 through 1983; presently the winning team selects its own design and the league covers the cost of the rings. The winning team can typically present rings to whomever they choose, including usually, but not limited to: players (active roster or injured), coaches, trainers, executives, personnel, and general staff. Passage-2 Title: Championship ring Content: four most-well known championship rings in North American professional sports are the NFL's Super Bowl ring, the NBA Championship ring, MLB's World Series ring, and the NHL's Stanley Cup ring. Similar rings are often presented to individuals inducted into a North American sports hall of fame. Championship rings are typically made of yellow or white gold with diamonds. They usually include the team name, team logo, and the championship number (usually indicated in Roman numerals for the NFL's Super Bowl wins). Championship ring policies differ between the four major professional leagues. NHL and MLB owners pay for the cost of Answer the following question based on the given information or your internal knowledge with one or few words without the source. Question: who had the most championship rings in the nfl

Bill Belichick

Given the following information: Passage-0 Title: NCAA Football (video game series) Content: through the Collegiate Licensing Company. The CLC concurrently announced that it would extend its existing licensing deal with EA through 2017, ensuring that EA Sports could continue the series without the NCAA branding. However, the series was placed on hiatus in September 2013, following three major conferences pulling their trademark licenses from EA, and uncertainties surrounding the results of lawsuits involving the use of player likenesses in-game. "Bill Walsh College Football" was released in June 1993 on 4th generation video game consoles, such as the Sega Genesis. "Bill Walsh College Football" featured the top 24 college football teams from 1992 Passage-1 Title: EA Sports Content: a sports ticker in titles like Madden NFL, NBA Live, Tiger Woods PGA Tour, and NCAA Baseball and Football. The ESPN integration now includes streaming podcasts, text articles (including content only available previously to ESPN Insider subscribers), and ESPN Motion video (including such programs as "Pardon the Interruption"). In 2012, EA signs a "multi-year, multi-product" partnership with the Ultimate Fighting Championship, taking over from THQ. In June 2009, EA Sports announced that for 2010, the games "Madden NFL", "NCAA Football", "NASCAR", "NHL", "NBA Live", and "Tiger Woods PGA Tour" would not be shipped for PC platforms. The NCAA Football series Passage-2 Title: EA Sports Content: signed an exclusive deal with the National Football League (NFL) and its Players' Union for five years. On February 12, 2008, EA Sports announced the extension of its exclusive deal until the 2012 NFL season. Less than a month after the NFL Exclusive deal, EA Sports signed a four-year exclusive deal with the Arena Football League (AFL). On April 11, 2005, the National Collegiate Athletic Association (NCAA) and EA Sports signed a deal to grant EA Sports the sole rights to produce college football games for six years. EA lost the rights for Major League Baseball (MLB) games to 2K Answer the following question based on the given information or your internal knowledge with one or few words without the source. Question: when did ea sports stop making ncaa football

September 2013

Given the following information: Passage-0 Title: Slang Content: Slang Slang is language (words, phrases, and usages) of an informal register that members of particular in-groups favor (over a standard language) in order to establish group identity, exclude outsiders, or both. Slang is used in a way that sometimes people of higher social status will criticize people who use it. In its earliest attested use (1756), the word "slang" referred to the vocabulary of "low or disreputable" people. By the early nineteenth century, it was no longer exclusively associated with disreputable people, but continued to be applied to usages below the level of standard educated speech. The origin of Passage-1 Title: Slang Content: so too has the number of different meanings associated with the word. Now "lit" describes a person who is drunk and/or high, as well as an event that is especially awesome and "hype". Words and phrases from popular Hollywood films and television series frequently become slang. Slang is usually associated with a particular group and plays a role in constructing our identities. While slang outlines social space, attitudes about slang partly construct group identity and identify individuals as members of groups. Therefore, using the slang of a particular group will associate an individual with that group. Using Silverstein's notion of Passage-2 Title: Slang Content: from the conversation, the intention of jargon is to optimize conversation using terms that imply technical understanding. On the other hand, slang tends to emphasize social and contextual understanding. While colloquialisms and jargon may seem like slang because they reference a particular group, they do not fit the same definition, because they do not represent a particular effort to replace standard language. Colloquialisms are considered more standard than slang, and jargon is often created to talk about aspects of a particular field that are not accounted for in the standard lexicon. It is often difficult to differentiate slang from colloquialisms Answer the following question based on the given information or your internal knowledge with one or few words without the source. Question: is slang that is specific to a particular group

Jargon

Given the following information: Passage-0 Title: Aries Spears Content: Aries Spears Aries Spears (born April 3, 1975) is an American stand-up comedian, actor, and voice artist from New York City. Spears was a regular on Fox's sketch comedy series "MADtv", appearing in 198 episodes, making him the second longest-serving cast member on the show behind Michael McDonald. In 2011, he released a special called "Aries Spears: Hollywood, Look I'm Smiling". Spears was born in Chicago, IL and moved to New York when he was a year or two old. His mother, Doris Spears, is a jazz singer. Spears moved to New Jersey at age 11 and attended Arthur M. Passage-1 Title: Orlando Jones Content: that "HE" did. Not true. And not funny. When I’m done with Madea, she is done." Jones married former model Jacqueline Staph in 2009. They have a daughter. In October 2011, Jones provoked controversy when he joked on Twitter that someone should kill former Governor of Alaska and Vice Presidential candidate Sarah Palin. He apologized for the comment several days later. Orlando Jones Orlando Jones (born April 10, 1968) is an American comedian and actor. He is known for being one of the original cast members of the sketch comedy series "MADtv" and for his role as the 7 Up Passage-2 Title: Eric Price Content: Eric Price Eric Price is an American actor, comedian and voice actor. Price is most notable for his membership in the recurring cast of comedians on sketch comedy series "MADtv" during its 14th Season. He is also known for his voice roles as Paddy and Mooch in "Alpha and Omega", , and . Price was born on July 19, 1974 in Bay View, Wisconsin. He worked at ComedySportz for several years in Milwaukee before making it to Hollywood. During his years in Milwaukee, Price appeared for a number of years with the seminal improv troupe The Dead Alewives, several members Answer the following question based on the given information or your internal knowledge with one or few words without the source. Question: look what i can do mad tv actor

Michael James McDonald

Given the following information: Passage-0 Title: Carter Doctrine Content: Carter Doctrine The Carter Doctrine was a policy proclaimed by President of the United States Jimmy Carter in his State of the Union Address on January 23, 1980, which stated that the United States would use military force, if necessary, to defend its national interests in the Persian Gulf. It was a response to the Soviet Union's intervention in Afghanistan in 1979, and it was intended to deter the Soviet Union, the United States' Cold War adversary, from seeking hegemony in the Persian Gulf region. The following key sentence, which was written by Zbigniew Brzezinski, President Carter's National Security Adviser, Passage-1 Title: United States presidential doctrines Content: a policy proclaimed by President of the United States Jimmy Carter in his State of the Union Address on January 23, 1980, which stated that the United States would use military force if necessary to defend its national interests in the Persian Gulf region. The doctrine was a response to the 1979 invasion of Afghanistan by the Soviet Union, and was intended to deter the Soviet Union—the Cold War adversary of the United States—from seeking hegemony in the Persian Gulf. After stating that Soviet troops in Afghanistan posed "a grave threat to the free movement of Middle East oil", Carter Passage-2 Title: Foreign policy of the United States Content: oil producer at that time—supplied most of the oil for the Allied armies. Many U.S. strategists were concerned that the war would dangerously reduce the U.S. oil supply, and so they sought to establish good relations with Saudi Arabia, a kingdom with large oil reserves. The Persian Gulf region continued to be regarded as an area of vital importance to the United States during the Cold War. Three Cold War United States Presidential doctrines—the Truman Doctrine, the Eisenhower Doctrine, and the Nixon Doctrine—played roles in the formulation of the Carter Doctrine, which stated that the United States would use military Answer the following question based on the given information or your internal knowledge with one or few words without the source. Question: what doctrine called persian gulf oil a vital us interest to be defended by any means necessary

The Carter Doctrine

Given the following information: Passage-0 Title: The Adventures of Sharkboy and Lavagirl in 3-D Content: The Adventures of Sharkboy and Lavagirl in 3-D The Adventures of Sharkboy and Lavagirl (also known simply as Sharkboy and Lavagirl) is a 2005 American adventure film written and directed by Robert Rodriguez and originally released in the United States on June 10, 2005 by Miramax Films, Columbia Pictures and Dimension Films. The film uses the anaglyph 3-D technology, similar to the one used in "" (2003). The film stars Taylor Lautner, Taylor Dooley, Cayden Boyd, David Arquette, Kristin Davis and George Lopez. Many of the concepts and much of the story were conceived by Rodriguez's children. The special effects Passage-1 Title: Cayden Boyd Content: Cayden Boyd Cayden Boyd (born May 24, 1994) is an American actor. He is best known for his child roles as Max in Robert Rodriguez's 2005 film "The Adventures of Sharkboy and Lavagirl" and Ben Reynolds in the 2007 film "Have Dreams, Will Travel". Boyd was born in Bedford, Texas. His older sister, Jenna, is also an actor. Boyd plays violin and cello and played high school football. He recently graduated from Pepperdine University, studying business. Boyd landed his first roles, small television roles and commercials, as young as 6 and 7. He played Tim Robbins's son in "Mystic River". Passage-2 Title: The Adventures of Sharkboy and Lavagirl in 3-D Content: her origin. Jeff Jensen of "Entertainment Weekly" praised another book appearing around the time of the film, "The Adventures of SharkBoy and LavaGirl: The Movie Storybook" (by Racer Max Rodriguez and Robert Rodriguez), as a far cry from the usual movie storybook tie-in, and also praised Alex Toader's "cartoony yet detailed" illustrations. The Adventures of Sharkboy and Lavagirl in 3-D The Adventures of Sharkboy and Lavagirl (also known simply as Sharkboy and Lavagirl) is a 2005 American adventure film written and directed by Robert Rodriguez and originally released in the United States on June 10, 2005 by Miramax Films, Columbia Answer the following question based on the given information or your internal knowledge with one or few words without the source. Question: who played lava girl in shark boy and lava girl

Taylor Dooley

Given the following information: Passage-0 Title: A. P. J. Abdul Kalam Content: 11th president of the Republic of India in an easy victory, and moved into the Rashtrapati Bhavan after he was sworn in on 25 July. Kalam was the third President of India to have been honoured with a Bharat Ratna, India's highest civilian honour, before becoming the President. Dr Sarvepalli Radhakrishnan (1954) and Dr Zakir Hussain (1963) were the earlier recipients of Bharat Ratna who later became the President of India. He was also the first scientist and the first bachelor to occupy Rashtrapati Bhawan. During his term as president, he was affectionately known as the "People's President", saying that Passage-1 Title: V. V. Giri Content: V. V. Giri Varahagiri Venkata Giri (10 August 1894 – 24 June 1980), commonly known as V. V. Giri, was the fourth president of India from 24 August 1969 to 24 August 1974. As president, Giri was the only person to be elected as an independent candidate. He was succeeded by Fakhruddin Ali Ahmed as president in 1974. After the end of his full term, Giri was honoured by the Government of India with the Bharat Ratna in 1975. Giri died on 24 June 1980. His great grandson V. Giri Shankar is an Advocate of the Madras High Court, Chennai. Passage-2 Title: Bharat Ratna Content: receive a "Sanad" (certificate) signed by the President and a peepal-leaf–shaped medallion; there is no monetary grant associated with the award. Bharat Ratna recipients rank seventh in the Indian order of precedence. The first recipients of the Bharat Ratna were politician C. Rajagopalachari, philosopher Sarvepalli Radhakrishnan, and scientist C. V. Raman, who were honoured in 1954. Since then, the award has been bestowed upon 45 individuals, including 12 who were awarded posthumously. The original statutes did not provide for posthumous awards but were amended in January 1955 to permit them. Former Prime Minister Lal Bahadur Shastri became the first individual Answer the following question based on the given information or your internal knowledge with one or few words without the source. Question: who was honoured with bharat ratna before he became president of india

A. P. J. Abdul Kalam

Given the following information: Passage-0 Title: 2017–18 NFL playoffs Content: 2017–18 NFL playoffs The 2017–18 NFL playoffs began on January 6, 2018, after the 2017 season, and concluded with Super Bowl LII on Sunday, February 4, 2018, when the Philadelphia Eagles defeated the New England Patriots at U.S. Bank Stadium in Minneapolis, Minnesota. These playoffs were notable for several teams snapping long playoff droughts, as the Buffalo Bills, Los Angeles Rams, Jacksonville Jaguars, and Tennessee Titans each qualified for the playoffs for the first time since 1999, 2004, 2007, and 2008, respectively. The playoffs were also notable for the Patriots reaching a seventh consecutive AFC Championship Game, extending their own Passage-1 Title: NFL playoffs Content: season. The proposal lost all interest; it has not since been raised. It is likely that movement won't be made on expanding either the playoffs or the regular season until at least 2020, when the current collective bargaining agreement expires. "Correct as of Week 14, 2018 NFL season." NFL playoffs The NFL playoffs are a single-elimination tournament held after the National Football League (NFL)'s regular season to determine the NFL champion. Six teams from each of the league's two conferences qualify for the playoffs based on regular season records, and a tie-breaking procedure exists in the case of equal records. Passage-2 Title: NFL playoffs Content: 1933 to 1966, the NFL postseason generally only consisted of the NFL Championship Game, pitting the league's two division winners (pending any one-game playoff matches that needed to be held to break ties in the division standings). The NFL playoffs then expanded in 1967, when four teams qualified for the tournament. When the league merged with the American Football League (AFL) in 1970, the playoffs expanded to eight teams. The playoffs were expanded to 10 teams in 1978 and 12 teams since 1990. The NFL is the only one out of the four major professional sports leagues in the United Answer the following question based on the given information or your internal knowledge with one or few words without the source. Question: number of nfl teams that make the playoffs

12

Given the following information: Passage-0 Title: NBA All-Star Game Most Valuable Player Award Content: The player(s) with the most votes or ties for the most votes wins the award. No All-Star Game MVP was named in 1999 since the game was canceled due to the league's lockout. , the most recent recipient is Los Angeles Lakers forward LeBron James. Bob Pettit and Kobe Bryant are the only two players to win the All-Star Game MVP four times. Oscar Robertson, Michael Jordan, Shaquille O'Neal, and LeBron James have each won the award three times, while Bob Cousy, Julius Erving, Isiah Thomas, Magic Johnson, Karl Malone, Allen Iverson, and Russell Westbrook have all won the award Passage-1 Title: NBA All-Star Game Most Valuable Player Award Content: U.S. college basketball at Wake Forest. Bob Pettit (1958, 1959) and Russell Westbrook (2015, 2016) are the only players to win consecutive awards. Pettit (1956), Bob Cousy (1957), Wilt Chamberlain (1960), Bill Russell (1963), Oscar Robertson (1964), Willis Reed (1970), Dave Cowens (1973), Michael Jordan (1988, 1996, 1998), Magic Johnson (1990), Shaquille O'Neal (2000), and Allen Iverson (2001) all won the All-Star Game MVP and the NBA Most Valuable Player Award in the same season; Jordan is the only player to do this multiple times. 14 players have won the award playing for the team that hosted the All-Star Game: Passage-2 Title: NBA All-Star Game Most Valuable Player Award Content: Macauley (1951), Cousy (1957), Pettit (1958, 1962), Chamberlain (1960), Adrian Smith (1966), Rick Barry (1967), Jerry West (1972), Tom Chambers (1987), Jordan (1988), Karl Malone (1993), John Stockton (1993), O'Neal (2004, 2009), Bryant (2011) and Davis (2017); Pettit and O'Neal did this multiple times. Kareem Abdul-Jabbar has the distinction of playing in the most All-Star Games (18) without winning the All-Star Game MVP, while Adrian Smith won the MVP in his only All-Star Game. NBA All-Star Game Most Valuable Player Award The National Basketball Association All-Star Game Most Valuable Player (MVP) is an annual National Basketball Association (NBA) award given Answer the following question based on the given information or your internal knowledge with one or few words without the source. Question: who won the most nba all star games

Eastern Conference

Given the following information: Passage-0 Title: OSI model Content: OSI model The Open Systems Interconnection model (OSI model) is a conceptual model that characterizes and standardizes the communication functions of a telecommunication or computing system without regard to its underlying internal structure and technology. Its goal is the interoperability of diverse communication systems with standard protocols. The model partitions a communication system into abstraction layers. The original version of the model defined seven layers. A layer serves the layer above it and is served by the layer below it. For example, a layer that provides error-free communications across a network provides the path needed by applications above it, while Passage-1 Title: OSI model Content: similar networking models. In 1983, these two documents were merged to form a standard called The Basic Reference Model for Open Systems Interconnection. The standard is usually referred to as the Open Systems Interconnection Reference Model, the OSI Reference Model, or simply the OSI model. It was published in 1984 by both the ISO, as standard ISO 7498, and the renamed CCITT (now called the Telecommunications Standardization Sector of the International Telecommunication Union or ITU-T) as standard X.200. OSI had two major components, an "abstract model" of networking, called the Basic Reference Model or seven-layer model, and a set of Passage-2 Title: OSI model Content: its own right. OSI model The Open Systems Interconnection model (OSI model) is a conceptual model that characterizes and standardizes the communication functions of a telecommunication or computing system without regard to its underlying internal structure and technology. Its goal is the interoperability of diverse communication systems with standard protocols. The model partitions a communication system into abstraction layers. The original version of the model defined seven layers. A layer serves the layer above it and is served by the layer below it. For example, a layer that provides error-free communications across a network provides the path needed by applications Answer the following question based on the given information or your internal knowledge with one or few words without the source. Question: how many layers are there in osi networking model

seven

Given the following information: Passage-0 Title: Establishment of Grand Teton National Park Content: Establishment of Grand Teton National Park The establishment of Grand Teton National Park took place over a period spanning more than 50 years. Located in the northwestern region of the U.S. state of Wyoming, Grand Teton National Park is south of Yellowstone National Park which was established in 1872, when Wyoming, Idaho and Montana were still territories and the region was very sparsely settled. By the late 19th century, conservationists were working to provide further protection to surrounding regions, leading President Grover Cleveland to create the Teton Forest Reserve, which included a portion of northern Jackson Hole. By 1902, the Passage-1 Title: Establishment of Grand Teton National Park Content: June 21, 2008. Establishment of Grand Teton National Park The establishment of Grand Teton National Park took place over a period spanning more than 50 years. Located in the northwestern region of the U.S. state of Wyoming, Grand Teton National Park is south of Yellowstone National Park which was established in 1872, when Wyoming, Idaho and Montana were still territories and the region was very sparsely settled. By the late 19th century, conservationists were working to provide further protection to surrounding regions, leading President Grover Cleveland to create the Teton Forest Reserve, which included a portion of northern Jackson Hole. Passage-2 Title: Grand Teton National Park Content: Teton region dates back at least 11,000 years, when the first nomadic hunter-gatherer Paleo-Indians began migrating into the region during warmer months pursuing food and supplies. In the early 19th century, the first white explorers encountered the eastern Shoshone natives. Between 1810 and 1840, the region attracted fur trading companies that vied for control of the lucrative beaver pelt trade. U.S. Government expeditions to the region commenced in the mid-19th century as an offshoot of exploration in Yellowstone, with the first permanent white settlers in Jackson Hole arriving in the 1880s. Efforts to preserve the region as a national park Answer the following question based on the given information or your internal knowledge with one or few words without the source. Question: when did grand teton become a national park

February 26, 1929

Given the following information: Passage-0 Title: Sadio Mané Content: was named in the PFA Team of the Year after scoring 13 league goals in his first season with Liverpool. Despite missing the latter part of the campaign through injury, Mané was awarded the Liverpool Player of the Season award on 9 May 2017. In the first match of the new season, on 12 August 2017, away to Watford, Mané scored Liverpool's first goal of the season in a 3–3 draw. He was named Premier League Player of the Month after scoring a goal in each of the Reds' three matches in August. On 9 September 2017, he was given Passage-1 Title: Premier League Player of the Month Content: of the Month was awarded to Tottenham Hotspur player Jürgen Klinsmann for his performances in August 1994. Steven Gerrard and Harry Kane have been Player of the Month the most with six awards. Six players have won the award in consecutive months: Robbie Fowler, Dennis Bergkamp, Cristiano Ronaldo, Harry Kane, Jamie Vardy and Mohamed Salah. Only Mohamed Salah has won the award three times in a season, and 16 individuals have won two awards in a season: Robbie Fowler, Dennis Bergkamp, Ruud van Nistelrooy, Thierry Henry, Wayne Rooney, Ryan Giggs, Cristiano Ronaldo, Ashley Young, Peter Odemwingie, Robin van Persie, Daniel Passage-2 Title: Premier League Player of the Month Content: Sturridge, Luis Suárez, Harry Kane, Jamie Vardy, Sergio Agüero and Son Heung-min. Robbie Keane has won the award while playing for three clubs, while 12 players have won the award playing for two clubs: Alan Shearer, Dion Dublin, David Ginola, Dwight Yorke, Tim Flowers, Teddy Sheringham, Danny Murphy, Andrew Johnson, Nicolas Anelka, Dimitar Berbatov, Scott Parker, Robin van Persie. The award has been shared on six occasions: by Blackburn Rovers's Alan Shearer and Chris Sutton in November 1994, Liverpool's Robbie Fowler and Stan Collymore in January 1996, Southampton's Kevin Davies and Manchester United's Andy Cole in November 1997, Arsenal's Dennis Answer the following question based on the given information or your internal knowledge with one or few words without the source. Question: who won the epl player of the month august 2017

Sadio Mané