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en_simple_wiki_v0-0001.json.gz:2856005 | Selimiye Mosque
The Selimiye Mosque (Turkish: Selimiye Camii) is an Ottoman imperial mosque, which is in Edirne, Turkey. The mosque was commissioned by Sultan Selim II, and was built by architect Mimar Sinan between 1569 and 1575. |
en_simple_wiki_v0-0001.json.gz:2856018 | Gerhard Sommer
Gerhard Sommer (born 24 June 1921) is a former SS-"Untersturmführer" (Second Lieutenant) in the 16th SS Panzergrenadier Division "Reichsführer-SS". He was involved in the massacre of 560 civilians on 12 August 1944 in the Italian village of Sant'Anna di Stazzema. He is on the Simon Wiesenthal Center's list of most wanted Nazi war criminals.
As of May 2006 Sommer was living in a nursing home in Hamburg-Volksdorf, Germany. In May 2015 Sommer was declared unfit for trial by prosecutors in Germany |
en_simple_wiki_v0-0001.json.gz:2856072 | Wakeland High School
Justin Wakeland High School is a public high school that is in the city of Frisco, Texas, United States. It is a part of the Frisco Independent School District in the west center area of Collin County. It opened for the first time to students on August 14, 2006.
Most sophomores and juniors came from Frisco High School because of the city and district's growth. Freshmen come from Griffin Middle School most of the time, and others come from Staley Middle School. In 2013, the school was rated "Met Standard" by the Texas Education Agency.
The school is named for Justin Wakeland, who was the superintendent of the Frisco ISD for 19 years from 1978 to 1997.
The school has a television show called "Win-TV. "It comes on every two weeks. It has many segments and interviews about events happening at Wakeland High School. "Wakeland Access", the school newspaper, has articles about events happening at the school.
A lot of sports are offered at Wakeland. |
en_simple_wiki_v0-0001.json.gz:2856199 | Linda Haglund
Linda Haglund (15 June 1956 – 21 November 2015) was a Swedish Olympic sprinter. Her running career would take her to the 1972, 1976 and 1980 Summer Olympics. Haglund had her best Olympic Games' showing with a fourth place in the Moscow Games' 100 m final.
Haglund died from complications of lung cancer on 21 November 2015, aged 59. |
en_simple_wiki_v0-0001.json.gz:2856222 | Elastin
Elastin is part of connective tissue. It is an elastic protein which allows many tissues in the body to go back to their shape after stretching or contracting. Elastin helps skin return to its original position when handled. Elastin is also used in places where mechanical energy is stored.
Elastin is important in blood vessels because it helps blood to flow. It is common in large elastic blood vessels such as the aorta. Elastin is also very important in the lungs, ligaments, the skin, the bladder, and elastic cartilage. It is present in all vertebrates above the jawless fish.
In humans, elastin is encoded by the "ELN" gene. |
en_simple_wiki_v0-0001.json.gz:2856450 | William B. Davis
William Bruce Davis (born January 13, 1938) is a Canadian actor, television director, and activist. He is best known for his role as The Smoking Man on "The X-Files". Recently, he has been an activist to stop global warming.
Davis was born in Toronto, Ontario. |
en_simple_wiki_v0-0001.json.gz:2856987 | National Geographic (magazine)
The National Geographic, formerly The National Geographic Magazine, is the official magazine of the National Geographic Society. It has been published since the first issue in 1888. This was nine months after the Society itself was founded. It mostly contains articles about world culture, history and geography. Its famous trademark is the yellow rectangular border that goes around the cover of each issue.
The magazine is published monthly. Additional maps are also included with subscription copies. It is available in a traditional printed format. Special and online formats are also available.
As of 2015-2016 the magazine had a worldwide circulation of 6.8 million per month. Its U.S. circulation is around 3.5 per month.
In 2008 the magazine won three National Magazine Awards. This included an award for general excellence the second year in a row.
On 9 September 2015, the National Geographic Society announced a deal with the 20th Century Fox that would move the magazine to a new partnership, National Geographic Partners, controlled by 20th Century Fox.
The magazine has had various editors since it was founded. |
en_simple_wiki_v0-0001.json.gz:2857835 | Martin Sherman (actor)
Martin T. Sherman (born November 28, 1966) is an American actor, voice actor, voice director and writer who has starred in various movies and television shows as well as providing the voice for several video games. One of his most well-known roles was as Pac-Man in "Pac-Man World 3". He also voiced Thomas the Tank Engine from 2009 to 2015 in the British children's television series "Thomas & Friends". He also appeared on "Doctor Who". Sherman lives in the United Kingdom. |
en_simple_wiki_v0-0001.json.gz:2858073 | Article Five of the United States Constitution
Article Five of the United States Constitution outlines how the Constitution can be changed. Changes to the Constitution are called Constitutional amendments.
Article Five also says that there are certain clauses, or parts, of Article One of the Constitution that could not be amended right away. These clauses are explained in the "Protected clauses" section.
Background.
Before the Constitution was approved, the United States was covered by its first constitution, the Articles of Confederation.
Under the Articles of Confederation, amendments had to be approved by a unanimous vote in all 13 state legislatures. Not only did every state legislature have to agree on the amendment. If a single state Senator or Representative in the country disagreed with an amendment, the amendment would fail. This made it basically impossible to get any amendments passed.
When the Founding Fathers wrote Article Five, they were trying to make sure changing the Constitution was not too hard, but not too easy either. James Madison later explained that the amendment process in the Constitution "guards equally against that extreme facility which would render the Constitution too mutable; and that extreme difficulty which might perpetuate its discovered faults."
In Simple English, Madison meant that the amendment process protects equally against:
Step 1: Proposing an amendment.
There are two steps in the process for changing the Constitution. The first step is proposing (formally suggesting) an amendment. Article Five of the Constitution allows this to be done in two different ways.
The first way is the most common way. Any member of Congress can suggest an amendment. However, two-thirds (67%) of both the United States Senate and the United States House of Representatives have to agree that the amendment is needed. If this happens, the proposed amendment moves to Step 2 in the process.
As of 2020, the second way has never been used. However, it exists to protect the rights of the state legislatures. If two-thirds of the state legislatures ask them to, Congress has to call a Constitutional Convention. Delegates would come to the Convention from each state. The Constitutional Convention could propose as many amendments as they wanted to. All of the amendments they proposed would move to Step 2 in the process.
At first, when the Founding Fathers were writing the Constitution, they were only going to give Congress the power to propose amendments. However, some of the Founders, like Alexander Hamilton and James Madison, worried that this gave Congress too much power. Madison and Hamilton re-wrote Article Five to add the second option for proposing an amendment, and the rest of the Founders agreed. Adding the second option helped make sure the states had power too the power to propose amendments if enough of their legislatures agreed.
Step 2: Ratifying the amendment.
Step 2 starts when an amendment has been proposed, either by Congress or by a Constitutional Convention. The proposed amendment now has to be ratified. Like with Step 1, Article Five gives two choices for how an amendment can be ratified. Congress gets to choose which way to use.
Congress has almost always chosen the first way: letting the state legislatures ratify the amendment. If three-fourths (75%) of the state legislatures ratify the amendment, it becomes part of the Constitution.
The second option is for Congress to ask each state to create a "ratifying convention." This is a group of people not members of the state legislature who would decide whether or not to ratify the amendment. If ratifying conventions in three-fourths of the states ratify the amendment, it becomes part of the Constitution.
Congress has only used the second option once: after it proposed the 21st Amendment. (This amendment cancelled the 18th Amendment, which made alcohol illegal in the United States. The 21st Amendment made alcohol legal again.)
At the time, Congress thought that this would be the more democratic option. A large majority of the people in the United States wanted the 21st Amendment to pass. However, Congress thought the state legislators would refuse to pass the amendment because of pressure from powerful groups that were against alcohol. In other words, Congress did not think that the state legislatures would vote the way the people of the United States would want. This example shows why the Founding Fathers included the "ratifying convention" option in the amendment process. If the state legislatures get too powerful, or do not represent what the people who elected them want, the people have the power to pass amendments too.
Statistics.
Between 1789 and December 16, 2014:
Protected clauses.
Article Five protects two clauses in Article One from being amended until 1808. These clauses are:
Article Five also puts one absolute limit on Constitutional amendments. It completely protects Section 3, Clause 1 of Article One. This clause says that every state will have the same number of United States Senators. It does not set a time limit on how long this clause is protected for. It just says: "no state, without its consent, shall be deprived of its equal suffrage in the Senate." As of 1808, when the protections on the other two clauses expired, this is the only limit that the Constitution puts on suggested amendments. Any amendment, about anything else, could be suggested.
Separation of powers.
Article Five gives all of the power for creating Constitutional amendments to the Legislative Branch: the United States Congress and the state legislatures. The President of the United States cannot amend the Constitution. He has no part in the process of changing the Constitution. The United States Supreme Court confirmed this in a 1798 case called "Hollingsworth v. Virginia". In its decision, the Court wrote: "[T]he President ... has nothing to do with the proposition, or adoption, of amendments to the Constitution." However, the Supreme Court cannot create an amendment either.
This is an example of the separation of powers (also called "checks and balances") that the Founding Fathers built into the new American government. If the President or the Supreme Court could change the Constitution any time they wanted to, they would have too much power. One person (or nine Supreme Court Justices) could make decisions that would affect every American.
Checks and balances in Article Five.
Instead, the Founders gave the job of creating Constitutional amendments to the Legislative Branch. By requiring that two-thirds of both Houses of Congress, and three-quarters of the states, approve of every Constitutional amendment, they made sure that there would have to be a lot of debate, compromise, and thought before an amendment was approved. Also, because so many legislators have to approve every amendment, it is very difficult for small "special interest" groups (like people who only care about a certain part of the country, or a certain issue) cannot control the vote.
The Founders even put checks and balances on the Legislative Branch's powers. If Congress gets too powerful, the states can make it call a Constitutional Convention. If the states get too powerful, ordinary Americans can vote on a Constitutional amendment through ratifying conventions. As a legal scholar wrote later: "The ratification of the Twenty-First Amendment [by ratifying conventions] might be called one of the most democratic moments in American history. ... Almost all voters in America had the unprecedented opportunity to [support] or condemn a federal constitutional amendment directly. ... The conventions ratified the choices of the people without fail."pp. 27–28
Importance.
Almost right away, the amendments process became very important. North Carolina and Rhode Island refused to ratify the Constitution without a Bill of Rights. This meant they would not be a part of the new United States Government. In 1789, James Madison wrote the Bill of Rights. They were ratified together, as the first ten amendments to the Constitution, in 1791. Having a Bill of Rights convinced North Carolina and Rhode Island to ratify the Constitution.
The amendments process set out in Article Five has allowed for many other important amendments to be added to the Constitution. For example, these amendments have included:
If Article Five had made the Constitution too hard to change, African-American people might still be slaves, and women might still not have the right to vote. |
en_simple_wiki_v0-0001.json.gz:2858081 | Per curiam decision
In law, a "per curiam" decision (or opinion) is a ruling issued by an appellate court in which the decision rendered is made by the court (or at least, a majority of the court) acting collectively and unanimously. In contrast to regular opinions, a "per curiam" does not list the individual judge responsible for authoring the decision, but minority dissenting and concurring decisions are signed.
"Per curiams" are not the only type of decision that can reflect the opinion of the court. Other types of decisions can also reflect the opinion of the entire court, such as unanimous decisions, in which the opinion of the court is expressed with an author listed. The Latin term "per curiam" literally means "by the court".
United States.
Federal.
The decisions of the U.S. Supreme Court are usually not "per curiam". Their decisions more commonly take the form of one or more opinions signed by individual justices which are then joined in by other justices. Unanimous and signed opinions are not considered "per curiam" decisions, as only the court can officially designate opinions as "per curiam". "Per curiam" decisions tend to be brief in length. The designation is stated at the beginning of the opinion.
The notable exception to the usual characteristics for a "per curiam" decision is the case of "Bush v. Gore". Although it was per curiam, there were multiple concurrences and dissents.
State.
The Supreme Court of California occasionally releases decisions in the name of "The Court". But these are not necessarily unanimous. Sometimes an opinion in the name of the Court may be accompanied by extensive concurring and dissenting opinions.
Canada.
The Supreme Court of Canada also attributes some decisions to "The Court" but does not use the phrase "per curiam". In the U.S. the term is used primarily for uncontroversial cases. In Canada, however, it has been used for important and controversial cases to emphasize that the entire Court is speaking with a single voice. |
en_simple_wiki_v0-0001.json.gz:2858218 | Peter Brown (actor)
Peter Brown (October 5, 1935 – March 21, 2016) was an American television actor. He was known for his four-year role as young Deputy Johnny McKay in the 1958 to 1962 ABC/Warner Brothers western television series, "Lawman" and as Texas Ranger Chad Cooper on "Laredo" from 1965 to 1967.
Brown died on March 21, 2016 in Phoenix, Arizona from complications of Parkinson's disease, aged 80. |
en_simple_wiki_v0-0001.json.gz:2858530 | Marsiling MRT station
Marsiling MRT station (NS8) is an above-ground Mass Rapid Transit (MRT) station on the North South Line in Woodlands, Singapore. It opened on 10 February 1996. It was first named Woodlands West Station.
Former Codes.
From 1996-2001 the code for Marsiling Station was N18. |
en_simple_wiki_v0-0001.json.gz:2858691 | Igor Fesunenko
Igor Fesunenko (January 28, 1933 – April 28, 2016) was a Soviet and Russian journalist and writer. He was a professor at the Moscow State Institute of International Relations. He was born in Orenburg.
From 1975 to 1979, he worked in Portugal. He then worked as a political columnist and host of such programs as "Today in the World", "The Camera Looks Into the World", "International Panorama", "Vremya". In the early 1990s, he worked in Italy. He returned to Moscow in the late 1990s.
Fesunenko died in Moscow, Russia on April 28, 2016, aged 83. |
en_simple_wiki_v0-0001.json.gz:2858761 | Funicular
A funicular is a railway that uses trains that are pulled by cables wound around a pulley. This makes them able to climb very steep slopes, like those on hills and mountains. |
en_simple_wiki_v0-0001.json.gz:2859045 | Yūko Mizutani
was a Japanese actress, voice actress, narrator and singer from Ama District, Aichi. Throughout her life, she was attached to Production Baobab; she was attached to Aoni Production at the time of her death. Mizutani was best known for her roles of Sakiko Sakura in "Chibi Maruko-chan", Mihoshi Kuramitsu in "Tenchi Muyo!", Excellen Browning in "Super Robot Wars", Sora Takenouchi in "Digimon Adventure", Leina Stol in "", Sarah Zabiarov and Cheimin Noa in "Mobile Suit Zeta Gundam" and Pinoko in "Black Jack". Mizutani was the official Japanese voice actress for Minnie Mouse from 1991 until her death; she also voiced her in the "Kingdom Hearts" franchise.
On May 17, 2016, Mizutani died as a result of breast cancer. She was 51 years old at the time of her death. |
en_simple_wiki_v0-0001.json.gz:2859346 | Tel Aviv Drive-in
The Tel Aviv Drive-in was a restaurant and movie theater in Tel Aviv, Israel. The cinema was opened on 11 March 1973. It closed in 2000. The cinema was the only drive-in in Israel. |
en_simple_wiki_v0-0001.json.gz:2859665 | István Halász
István Halász (12 October 1951 – 4 June 2016) was a Hungarian football midfielder. He played for Hungary in the 1978 FIFA World Cup. He also played for FC Tatabánya. |
en_simple_wiki_v0-0001.json.gz:2860452 | E. Ray Lankester
Sir E. Ray Lankester KCB, FRS (15 May 1847 – 13 August 1929) was a British zoologist, born in London.
Ray Lankester was an invertebrate zoologist and evolutionary biologist. He was Professor of Zoology at University College London and Oxford University. He was the third Director of the Natural History Museum, and was awarded the Copley Medal of the Royal Society.
E. (Edwin: his first name was never used) Ray Lankester was the son of Edwin Lankester, a coroner and doctor-naturalist who helped abolish cholera in London. Ray Lankester was probably named after the naturalist John Ray. |
en_simple_wiki_v0-0001.json.gz:2860670 | Walter Hallstein
Walter Hallstein (17 November 1901 – 29 March 1982) was a German academic, diplomat, and politician. He was the first president of the Commission of the European Economic Community. He was one of the founding fathers of the European Union.
Hallstein is also the person behind the Hallstein Doctrine, wich the former state of West Germany proclaimed in 1955. It meant that West Germany wouldn't have diplomatic relations with countries that recognized East Germany. |
en_simple_wiki_v0-0001.json.gz:2861180 | 2012–13 NHL season
The 2012–13 NHL season was the 96th season of operation (95th season of play) of the National Hockey League (NHL).
30 teams competed. There were 48 games. The regular season began on January 19, 2013 and ended on April 28, 2013. The season start was to begin on October 11, 2012 but was delayed due to the 2012–13 NHL lockout
The playoffs began on April 30, 2013. The Chicago Blackhawks won the Stanley Cup on June 24, 2013 after defeating the Boston Bruins in six games. |
en_simple_wiki_v0-0001.json.gz:2861667 | Vellore
Vellore is an important city in Tamil Nadu, India. It is the headquarters of Vellore district. It is located on the banks of Palar River.The area of Vellore covers about 87km2.The total population of Vellore city is 423,425 as per 2001 census.Vellore is the base place where two of India's top 10 educational institutions located.They are:Christian Medical College Hospital and VIT University.
Vellore region is the top exporter of finished leather goods in the country. Vellore leather accounts for more than 37% of the country's export of leather and leather-related products.
Vellore Fort, Science Park, Vainu Bappu Observatory, Amirthi Zoological Park, Religious places such as Jalakandeswarar Temple, Srilakshmi Golden Temple, Big Mosque and St. John's Church and Yelagiri Hill station are the top tourist attractions in and around Vellore. |
en_simple_wiki_v0-0001.json.gz:2862229 | Eugene Cernan
Eugene Andrew "Gene" Cernan (; March 14, 1934 – January 16, 2017), (CAPT, USN, Ret.), was an American naval officer and Naval Aviator, electrical engineer, aeronautical engineer, fighter pilot, and NASA astronaut.
Cernan was born in Chicago, Illinois. He was raised in Bellwood, Illinois and in Maywood, Illinois. He studied at Purdue University and at the Naval Postgraduate School.
He traveled into space three times: as Pilot of Gemini 9A in June 1966, as Lunar Module Pilot of Apollo 10 in May 1969, and as Commander of Apollo 17 in December 1972, the final Apollo lunar landing.
On Apollo 17, Cernan became the eleventh person to walk on the Moon and the most recent man to walk on the Moon since he was the last to re-enter the Lunar Module "Challenger" after the mission's third and final mission. Cernan was also a backup crew member for the Gemini 12, Apollo 7 and Apollo 14 space missions.
Cernan died on January 16, 2017 at a hospital in Houston, Texas, aged 82. |
en_simple_wiki_v0-0001.json.gz:2862325 | Jimmy Cliff
Jimmy Cliff (born James Chambers; 30 July 1944) is a Jamaican ska and reggae musician, singer and actor. He is best known for his songs "Wonderful World, Beautiful People", "Many Rivers to Cross", "You Can Get It If You Really Want", "The Harder They Come", "Reggae Night" and "Hakuna Matata". He is also well known for his covers of Cat Stevens' "Wild World" and Johnny Nash's "I Can See Clearly Now" from the movie "Cool Runnings" (1993). He also appeared in the movies "The Harder They Come" (1972) and "Club Paradise" (1986).
Cliff was born in Somerton District, Saint James. He was a Christian before becoming a Muslim. He is no longer religious. He is married has a daughter Lilty Cliff and a son Aken Cliff. |
en_simple_wiki_v0-0001.json.gz:2862662 | Sonny Geraci
Sonny Geraci (November 22, 1947 – February 5, 2017) was an American musician and singer. He was best known as lead singer of bands The Outsiders and Climax. He was also known as Peter Emmett during the 1980s. He was born in Cleveland, Ohio.
Geraci died on February 5, 2017 at the age of 69. |
en_simple_wiki_v0-0001.json.gz:2862732 | Luther Strange
Luther "Big Luther" Johnson Strange III (born March 1, 1953) was the junior United States Senator from Alabama. He served as the 49th Attorney General of the U.S. state of Alabama from 2011 through 2017. Strange was a candidate for public office in both 2006 and 2010.
Early life.
Luther was born in Birmingham, Alabama. He studied at Tulane University earning his BA and JD degrees.
Political career.
In 2006, Strange ran for Lieutenant Governor of Alabama and defeated George Wallace, Jr. in the Republican primary. Strange then lost the general election to Democrat Jim Folsom, Jr.. In 2010, Strange defeated incumbent Attorney General Troy King in the Republican primary, before going on to win the general election on November 2, 2010, against Democrat James Anderson.
United States senator (2017–2018).
On December 6, 2016, Strange announced his candidacy for the seat held by Jeff Sessions after then-President-Elect Donald Trump had announced on November 18, 2016 that he would be nominating Sessions to the office of Attorney General of the United States. Strange was appointed as Senator on February 9, 2017, by Alabama governor Robert J. Bentley to fill out the seat after Sessions resigned to become Attorney General.
At tall, Strange is the tallest U.S. Senator in history.
2017 special election.
Strange ran for a full term in the 2017 special election and advanced to the Republican primary runoff, where he lost to the former Chief Justice of the Supreme Court of Alabama, Roy Moore.
Personal life.
Strange is married to Melissa Strange. They have two children. |
en_simple_wiki_v0-0001.json.gz:2863476 | Bernie Wrightson
Bernard Albert "Bernie" Wrightson (October 27, 1948 – March 18, 2017) was an American artist. He was known for co-creating the creature Swamp Thing, his Frankenstein illustration work, and for his other horror comics and illustrations, which feature his trademark intricate pen and brush work.
Wrightson was born in Dundalk, Maryland. He was married to comic artist Michele Wrightson from 1976 until her death in 2015. He later remarried to Liz Wrightson and lived together in Austin, Texas.
Wrightson died on March 18, 2017 at a hospital in Austin, Texas from brain cancer, aged 68. |
en_simple_wiki_v0-0001.json.gz:2863723 | It (miniseries)
It is a 1990 supernatural horror miniseries directed by Tommy Lee Wallace, adapted by Lawrence D. Cohen from the Stephen King novel of the same name.
Plot.
The story revolves around an inter-dimensional predatory shapeshifter which has the ability to transform itself into its prey's worst fears, allowing it to explore the phobias of its victims. It mostly takes the form of a sadistic, wisecracking clown called Pennywise, in order to trick and murder children. The protagonists are The Lucky Seven, or The Losers Club, a group of outcast children who discover Pennywise and vow to destroy him by any means necessary.
The series takes place over two different time periods, the first when the Losers first discover Pennywise as children, and the second when they're called back as adults to defeat Pennywise, who has resurfaced.
Cast.
The series features an ensemble cast, which includes Dennis Christopher, Annette O'Toole, John Ritter, Harry Anderson, Richard Thomas, Tim Reid, Richard Masur, Michael Cole, Olivia Hussey, and Tim Curry as Pennywise.
Background.
Originally thought as a four-part eight-hour series, ABC enlisted writer Lawrence D. Cohen to adapt the 1,138-page King novel. Production on "It" began in early 1990, and the series was filmed over a period of three months in New Westminster, British Columbia in mid-1990.
Aftermath.
"It" aired on ABC over two nights on November 18 and 20, 1990, and was a major success for the network, attracting 30 million viewers in its premiere. Since its initial television broadcast, the miniseries has gotten positive reception and becoming a cult sensation following in recent years. |
en_simple_wiki_v0-0001.json.gz:2864179 | Vinod Khanna
Vinod Khanna (6 October 1946 – 27 April 2017) was an Indian actor. He was also an active politician and was the sitting MP from Gurdaspur constituency (between 1998-2009 and 2014-2017).
Career.
Khanna played lead roles in many movies and is best remembered for his performance in "Mere Apne, Mera Gaon Mera Desh, Gaddaar, Jail Yatra, Imtihaan, Muqaddar Ka Sikandar, Inkaar, Kuchhe Dhaage, Amar Akbar Anthony, Rajput, Qurbani, Kudrat, Dayavan, Kaarnama," and Jurm".
After making his debut in 1968, Khanna first acted in small roles or negative roles. His angry young man role in the movie "Mere Apne", his negative role as the main villain in the superhit movie "Mera Gaon Mera Desh" and his role in the crtically acclaimed movie "Achanak" based on the events of the popular case " K. M. Nanavati v. State of Maharashtra", as the military officer turned fugitive.
Khanna was popularly known as one of the most handsome lead actors ever in Bollywood.
Political career.
In 1997, Khanna joined the Bharatiya Janata Party (BJP) and was elected from Gurdaspur constituency in Punjab in the next year's Lok Sabha election.
In 2014 general election he was again elected for 16th Loksabha from same constituency.
Death.
Khanna died on 27 April 2017 at a hospital in Mumbai from bladder cancer at the age of 70. |
en_simple_wiki_v0-0001.json.gz:2864236 | Chad Young
Chad Young (July 8, 1995 – April 28, 2017) was an American professional cyclist. He was a part of the cycling team Axeon–Hagens Berman from 2015 until his death in 2017. Young was born in Newmarket, New Hampshire.
Young died from injuries he got in a crash at the Tour of the Gila in Tuscon, Arizona on April 28, 2017, aged 21. |
en_simple_wiki_v0-0001.json.gz:2865074 | Villach
Villach (, ) is the seventh-largest city in Austria (after Klagenfurt). It is also a district of Carinthia. About 70,000 people lived there in 2016. |
en_simple_wiki_v0-0001.json.gz:2865790 | Ram Nath Kovind
Ram Nath Kovind (born 1 October 1945) is an Indian politician. Kovind became the 14th President of India upon winning the 2017 presidential election in July 2017. He was the second president to have been a Dalit leader and member of the Bharatiya Janata Party (BJP). He was Governor of Bihar from 2015 to 2017. He served as Member of Parliament from 1994 through 2006. Ram Nath Kovind is also prez candidate of NDA.
In June 2017, he won the nomination of the Bharatiya Janata Party for President of India in the 2017 Indian presidential election. After winning the nomination, he resigned from his post as Governor of Bihar, and President of India Pranab Mukherjee accepted his resignation on 20 June 2017. According to polling after voting was closed on 17 July 2017, Kovind was expected to win the presidency with a voting outcome of 99%. Kovind was declared as the winner after the counting of votes held on 20 July 2017.
Early life.
Kovind was born into a scheduled caste (Koli community), (Hindu Family), in Parakh Kanpur, Dehat District, Uttar Pradesh, india, to maiikulal kori and kalawati.
His father Maikulal Kori was a local vadiya, who operated a grocery store. His mother was Kalawati who died at a very young age of Kovind,
Kovind has 4 brothers and 3 sisters and he is the youngest amongst all of them.
Kovind grew up in humble circumstances in a small agrarian village where his father farmed and ran a small grocery store. His mother died when he was a young child. After earning degrees in commerce and law from Kanpur University, he moved to Delhi in order to take the civil services examination. Although he passed, Kovind chose to begin practicing law and was admitted to the bar in 1971.
Political career.
BJP member.
He joined the Bharatiya Janata Party in 1991. He was President of the BJP Dalit Morcha between 1998 and 2002 and President of the All-India Koli Samaj. He also served as national spokesperson of the party. He donated his ancestral home in Derapur to the RSS. He contested from Ghatampur and Bhognipur (both in UP) assembly constituencies on the BJP ticket but lost both elections.
Rajya Sabha (1994–2006).
He was elected and became a Rajya Sabha MP from the state of Uttar Pradesh in April 1994. He served a total of twelve years, two consecutive terms, until March 2006. As a member of parliament, he visited Thailand, Nepal, Pakistan, Singapore, Germany, Switzerland, France, the United Kingdom and the United States on study tours.
Governor of Bihar (2015–2017).
On 8 August 2015, the President of India appointed Kovind as Governor of Bihar. On 16 August 2015, the acting Chief Justice of Patna High Court, Iqbal Ahmad Ansari, administered the oath to Kovind as the 36th Governor of Bihar.
As Governor, he was praised for constituting a judicial commission to investigate irregularities in promotion of undeserving teachers, mis-management of funds and appointment of undeserving candidates in universities.
Kovind resigned as Governor on 20 June 2017 to peruse his campaign for President of India in the 2017 presidential election.
Presidency (since 2017).
2017 presidential campaign.
Kovind was nominated for the President of India for the Bharatiya Janata Party in June 2017 which led to his resignation as Governor of Bihar. His opponent was former Lok Sabha Speaker Meira Kumar for the Indian National Congress.
After voting ended on 17 July 2017. Kovind was declared as the winner after the counting of votes held on 20 July 2017.
Kovind secured roughly two-thirds of the votes from the electoral college of elected members of federal, state and union territory legislatures and was elected to a five-year term as President.
Tenure.
Kovind was sworn-in as President of India on 25 July 2017.
Personal life.
Kovind married Savita Kovind in 1974. They have a son, Prashant Kumar, and a daughter, Swati Kovind.
References.
प्रेरणादायक जीवनी -रामनाथ कोविन्द |
en_simple_wiki_v0-0001.json.gz:2865839 | Vully-les-Lacs
Vully-les-Lacs is a municipality in the district of Broye-Vully in the canton of Vaud in Switzerland.
History.
The municipality was created on July 1, 2011 merger of the former municipalities of Bellerive, Constantine, Chabrey, Montmagny, Mur, Vallamand and Villars-le-Grand.
Villages.
Salavaux, Cotterd, Bellerive, Constantine, Chabrey, Montmagny, Mur, Vallamand, Vallamand-Dessous and Villars-le-Grand. |
en_simple_wiki_v0-0001.json.gz:2866127 | Liu Wen-hsiung
Liu Wen-hsiung (; 8 September 1954 – 31 July 2017) was a Taiwanese politician. He served in the Legislative Yuan from 1999 to 2008. He was a member of the People First Party from 2000 until his death in 2017. He was born in Keelung, Taiwan.
Liu died of complications from a heart attack on 31 July 2017 at a hospital in Anle, Taiwan at the age of 62. |
en_simple_wiki_v0-0001.json.gz:2866183 | Stephen T. Worland
Stephen Theodore Worland (19 February 1923 – 29 July 2017) was an American economist. He was a professor at the University of Notre Dame. Worland was known for his works on the , and .
Worland was the author of the book "Scholasticism and Welfare Economics", published by the University of Notre Dame Press in 1967. He also authored the "Economics and Justice" chapter in the book "Justice: Views from the Social Sciences", edited by and published by Springer in 1986.
Worland was born in Neoga, Illinois. He studied at the University of Illinois. Worland died on 29 July 2017 at his home in Columbus, Indiana at the age of 94. |
en_simple_wiki_v0-0001.json.gz:2866526 | Jason Clarke
Jason Clarke (born 17 July 1969) is an Australian actor.
Clarke is known for playing Tommy Caffee on the television series "Brotherhood". He has also appeared in many movies such as "Death Race" (2008), "Public Enemies" (2009), "Zero Dark Thirty" (2013), "White House Down" (2013), "Dawn of the Planet of the Apes" (2014), "Terminator Genisys" (2015), "Everest" (2015) and "Chappaquiddick" (2017). |
en_simple_wiki_v0-0001.json.gz:2866811 | Tom Horn
Thomas Horn, Jr. (November 21, 1860 – November 20, 1903) was an American Old West scout, who carried out various lines of work, including hired gunman, detective, cowboy, and soldier. He is believed to have committed 17 killings throughout the West as a hired gunman. In 1902 Horn was convicted of the murder of 14-year-old Willie Nickell near Iron Mountain, Wyoming, for which crime he was hanged. |
en_simple_wiki_v0-0001.json.gz:2866918 | Robert J. Cenker
Robert Joseph "Bob" Cenker (born November 5, 1948) is an American engineer, and former astronaut. In January 1986, Cenker was a crew member on the seventh flight of Space Shuttle "Columbia". Cenker was a type of astronaut called a Payload Specialist.
This mission was the final flight before the Challenger explosion, which ended the Space Shuttle program until 1988. As a result, Cenker's mission was called "The End of Innocence" for the Shuttle.
Following the end of his space mission, Cenker returned to work as an engineer, and also makes appearances for NASA.
Early life and education.
Cenker was born on November 5, 1948, and raised near Uniontown, Pennsylvania. He started his education at St. Fidelis College Seminary in Herman, Pennsylvania, leaving in 1962. He later attended Uniontown Joint Senior High School and graduated in 1966.
Cenker enrolled at Penn State University in 1970 where he earned a Bachelor of Science degree in aerospace engineering. He continued his studies at Penn State and earned a Master of Science degree in 1973, also in aerospace engineering. Cenker earned a second Master of Science (M Sc.) degree in Electrical Engineering from Rutgers University in 1977.
Pre-spaceflight career.
Cenker worked for 18 years at RCA Astro-Electronics and its successor company GE Astro Space. Cenker worked on hardware design and systems design concerning satellite attitude control. He also worked on in-orbit operations, as well as spacecraft assembly, test control, and pre-launch operations. He spent two years on the Navy navigation satellite program, but spent most of his career working on commercial communications satellites.
Cenker's positions included integration and test manager for the Satcom D and E spacecraft, where he was responsible for all launch site activities. He also served as spacecraft bus manager on the Spacenet/GStar programs. He was responsible for ensuring the spacecraft bus could interface with multiple rockets, including the Delta, Space Shuttle, and Ariane launch vehicles.
Spaceflight experience.
As an incentive for a spacecraft owner to contract with NASA to use a Shuttle launch instead of an unmanned, commercial launch system, NASA permitted contracting companies to apply for a Payload Specialist seat on the same mission. When RCA contracted with NASA to launch Satcom Ku-1, RCA Astro-Electronics' manager of systems engineering for the Satcom-K program Bob Cenker, and his co-worker Gerard Magilton, were selected to train as Payload Specialists.
Cenker and Magilton trained with career astronauts as well as other Payload and Mission Specialists, including those scheduled for the next scheduled flight, that of the "Challenger" mission, STS-51-L.
This flight of "Columbia" was originally scheduled to occur in August 1985, but the timeline slipped. In July 1985 the payload was finalized to include the RCA satellite, and Cenker was assigned to the mission, now designated as STS-61-C. Magilton was assigned as the back-up.Prior to its successful launch, "Columbia" had several aborted launch attempts, including one on January 6 which was "one of the most hazardous in the shuttle’s operational history" to that point, as well as a near-catastrophic abort three days later. Referring to the January 9 abort, pilot Charlie Bolden later stated that it “...would have been catastrophic, because the engine would have exploded had we launched.”
"Columbia" ultimately launched and achieved orbit on January 12, 1986, with a full crew of seven. Along with Cenker, the crew included Robert L. "Hoot" Gibson, future NASA Administrator Charles F. Bolden, George D. Nelson, Steven A. Hawley, Franklin R. Chang-Diaz, and US Representative Bill Nelson.
Cenker and his crewmates traveled over 2.1 million miles in 96 orbits aboard Columbia and logged over 146 hours in space.
During the six-day mission, January 12–18, Cenker performed a variety of physiological tests, operated a primary experiment – an infrared imaging camera – and assisted with the deployment of RCA Americom's Satcom Ku-1 satellite, the primary mission objective. Satcom K-1 was deployed nearly 10 hours into the mission, and Satcom later reached its geostationary “slot” at 85 degrees West longitude where it remained operational until April 1997, the last major commercial satellite deployed by the space shuttle program.
In a 2014 video of the "Tell Me a Story" series titled "Close My Eyes & Drift Away", posted to the Kennedy Space Center Visitor Complex YouTube channel, Cenker tells a humorous story regarding a zero-g sleeping problem that he faced on his mission.
The next Shuttle launch, ten days after the return of "Columbia," resulted in the destruction of "Challenger" with the loss of all aboard, including Cenker's counterpart from Hughes Aircraft, civilian crew member and Payload Specialist Greg Jarvis. Accordingly, commander Gibson later called the STS-61-C mission "The End of Innocence" for the Shuttle Program.
Following the Challenger disaster, the shuttle fleet was grounded until 1988. Even after Shuttle missions resumed, civilian Payload Specialists like Cenker were excluded until the Payload Specialist program was reinstated on December 2, 1990 when Samuel T. Durrance, an Applied Physics Laboratory astrophysicist and Ronald A. Parise, a Computer Sciences Corporation astronomer, flew aboard STS-35. By that time, RCA had been purchased by General Electric, and RCA Astro-Electronics became part of GE. Following two additional ownership transitions, the facility was closed in 1998. As a result, Cenker was the only RCA Astro-Electronics employee, and only employee in the history of the facility under all of its subsequent names, to ever fly in space.
NASA's Payload Specialist program has been criticized for giving limited Shuttle flight positions to civilian aerospace engineers such as Cenker and Greg Jarvis (killed aboard "Challenger"), politicians such as Bill Nelson, and others civilians such as Teacher in Space Christa McAuliffe (also killed aboard "Challenger"). Even the flight of former Mercury astronaut and US Senator John Glenn was questioned. The concern was that these people had replaced career astronauts in very limited flight opportunities, and some may have flown without fully understanding the level of danger involved in a Shuttle mission.
Post-spaceflight.
Following the completion of his shuttle mission, Cenker returned to work in the civilian aerospace field. Cenker's last two years with RCA Astro-Electronics and it's successor GE Astro Space were spent as Manager of Payload Accommodations on an EOS spacecraft program. After leaving GE, Cenker served as a consultant for various aerospace companies regarding micro-gravity research, and spacecraft design, assembly and flight operations. Cenker supported systems engineering and systems architecture studies for various spacecraft projects, including smallsats, military communications satellites, and large, assembled-in-orbit platforms. His contributions included launch vehicle evaluation and systems engineering support for Motorola on Iridium, and launch readiness for the Globalstar constellation. Other efforts include systems engineering and operations support for INTELSAT on Intelsat K and Intelsat VIII, for AT&T on Telstar 401 and 402, for Fairchild-Matra on SPAS III, for Martin Marietta on Astra 1B, BS-3N, ACTS, and for the Lockheed Martin Series 7000 communications satellites.
Cenker continues to make periodic public appearances representing NASA and the shuttle astronaut program, including one at the Kennedy Space Center in March 2017.
In 2017, Cenker's STS-61C crewmate former US Senator Bill Nelson spoke at a session of the US House of Representatives. In an address, titled "Mission to Mars and Space Shuttle Flight 30th Anniversary", he read into the Congressional Record the details of the mission of STS-61C, as well as the names and function of each crew member including Cenker.
Personal life.
Bob Cenker is married to Barbara Ann Cenker; they have two sons and a daughter. |
en_simple_wiki_v0-0001.json.gz:2867046 | Stanislav Petrov
Stanislav Yevgrafovich Petrov (; 9 September 1939 – 19 May 2017) was a lieutenant colonel of the Soviet Air Defence Forces.
On September 26, 1983, just three weeks after the Soviet military had shot down Korean Air Lines Flight 007, Petrov was the duty officer at the command center for the Oko nuclear early-warning system when the system reported that a missile had been launched from the United States, followed by up to five more. Petrov judged the reports to be a false alarm, and his decision is credited with having prevented an erroneous retaliatory nuclear attack on the United States and its NATO allies that could have resulted in large-scale nuclear war.
Investigation later confirmed that the Soviet satellite warning system had indeed malfunctioned. |
en_simple_wiki_v0-0001.json.gz:2867091 | Marietta, Ohio
Marietta is a city in Ohio in the United States. It is the county seat of Washington County. 14,085 people lived there in the 2010 census.
The Muskingum River and Duck Creek flow into the Ohio River at Marietta. |
en_simple_wiki_v0-0001.json.gz:2867340 | Arrondissement of Saint-Julien-en-Genevois
The arrondissement of Saint-Julien-en-Genevois is an arrondissement of France. It is part of the Haute-Savoie "département", Auvergne-Rhône-Alpes region. Its capital, and a subprefecture of the department, is the city of Saint-Julien-en-Genevois.
History.
When the Haute-Savoie department was created in 1860, the "arrondissement" of Saint-Julien-en-Genevois was part of that original department.
On 10 September 1926, the "arrondissement" of Saint-Julien was eliminated but became again an arrondissement in 1933.
Geography.
The "arrondissement" of Saint-Julien-en-Genevois is bordered to the north by Switzerland, to the northeast by the "arrondissement" of Thonon-les-Bains, to the east by the "arrondissement" of Bonneville, to the south by the "arrondissement" of Annecy and to the west by the Ain department.
It is in the northwest of the department and is the smallest "arrondissement" with an area of . It has a population of 180,562 inhabitants and a density of inhabitants/km².
Composition.
Cantons.
After the reorganisation of the cantons in France, cantons are not subdivisions of the "arrondissements" so they could have "communes" that belong to different "arrondissements".
In the "arrondissement" of Saint-Julien-en-Genevois, there are 5 cantons:
Communes.
The "arrondissement" of Saint-Julien-en-Genevois has 72 "communes"; they are (with their INSEE codes):
The "communes" with more inhabitants in the "arrondissement" are: |
en_simple_wiki_v0-0001.json.gz:2867355 | Plant community
A plant community (sometimes "photosynthesis" or "photosynthesis") is a collection or association of plant species within a designated geographical unit, which forms a relatively uniform patch, distinguishable from neighboring patches of different vegetation types. |
en_simple_wiki_v0-0001.json.gz:2867596 | Tupper Lake (town), New York
Tupper Lake is a town in Franklin County, New York. In 2010, 5,971 people lived in the town.
The settlement began around 1844. The village was settled during the town's lumber production period and grew after it gained railroad service. The early village was composed of two parts, Tupper Lake proper and Faust. The town for a time held the distinction as the top lumber producer in the state.
The great fire of 1899 burned more than 169 structures in the village, two-thirds of them being homes. The modern village grew out of this destruction and added all the amenities of a modern community earlier than many other villages in the state. Tupper had its own department store and synagogue, and its sprawling railway yards, driven by the lumber trade, made it a hub for the surrounding Adirondack communities. |
en_simple_wiki_v0-0001.json.gz:2867669 | John Dunsworth
John Francis Dunsworth (April 12, 1946 – October 16, 2017) was a Canadian actor. He was best known for playing the always drunk trailer park supervisor Jim Lahey on the comedy series "Trailer Park Boys" and the mysterious reporter Dave Teagues on the supernatural drama series "Haven". He also appeared in "", a CBC movie.
Dunsworth died on October 16, 2017 in Halifax, Nova Scotia at the age of 71. In a statement to CBC News, Dunsworth's daughter Sarah described the illness as "short and unexpected" and stated that her father was an "amazing husband, father and grandfather". |
en_simple_wiki_v0-0001.json.gz:2868002 | Qasim Akhgar
Qasim Akhgar, was a Hazara writer, researcher, activism and theorists from Afghanistan.
Qasim Akhgar, was born in 1951 in Kabul, Afghanistan. He died after an illness in 2013 in Kabul, Afghanistan. |
en_simple_wiki_v0-0001.json.gz:2868218 | Cyclone Dirk
Cyclone Dirk was a large and deep European windstorm. It affected Western Europe from Iberia to Iceland. It formed on December 21, 2013 and dissipated on December 27, 2013. The storm caused 6 deaths.
On land the low pressure during the storm was measured at on 24 December at Stornoway, Isle of Lewis off the north west coast of Scotland. |
en_simple_wiki_v0-0001.json.gz:2868349 | Jiří Kormaník
Jiří Kormaník (26 March 1935 – 3 November 2017) was a Czech amateur wrestler. He competed for Czechoslovakia at the 1960, 1964 and 1968 Olympics in Greco-Roman wrestling and won a silver medal in 1964. He was born in Scăiuş, Caraș-Severin County, Romania.
Kormaník died in Chomutov on 3 November 2017 at the age of 82. |
en_simple_wiki_v0-0001.json.gz:2868521 | Ángel Berni
Ángel Antonio Berni Gómez (9 January 1931 – 24 November 2017) was a Paraguayan football striker. He played for national team, San Lorenzo, and for Real Betis. He was born in Asunción, Paraguay.
Berni died on 24 November 2017 in Asunción at the age of 86. |
en_simple_wiki_v0-0001.json.gz:2868806 | Ivo Frosio
Ivo Frosio (born 27 April 1930) is a Swiss football player. He also played for Grasshopper Club Zürich and FC Lugano. |
en_simple_wiki_v0-0001.json.gz:2868892 | Molly Quinn
Molly Caitlyn Quinn (born October 8, 1993), also known as Molly C. Quinn, is an American actress. She is known for her roles in the television shows "Castle" and the English version of "Winx Club". She also appeared in the movie "We're the Millers" (2013).
Quinn was born in Texarkana, Texas. She is of Irish ancestry. |
en_simple_wiki_v0-0001.json.gz:2870291 | Ukraine at the 2018 Winter Paralympics
Ukraine sent people to compete at the 2018 Winter Paralympics in Pyeongchang, South Korea. People from Ukraine competed in para-alpine skiing, para-Nordic skiing and para-snowboarding. The National Paralympic Committee of Ukraine, Ministry of Youth and Sports of Ukraine and Lifecell helped the team go to the Winter Paralympics. They gave the team money, clothes and mobile phones. They also gave money to pay for people to practice for their races.
On the first day of competition, Anatolii Kovalevskyi, Liudmyla Liashenko, Vitaliy Luk'yanenko, Ihor Reptyukh and Oksana Shyshkova all won medals in the biathlon. The Government of Ukraine gives monetary awards to Paralympic Games medalists. For the 2018 Winter Paralympics, dold medalists get USD$125,000, silver medalists get USD$80,000 and bronze medalists get USD$55,000.
Team.
The first time Ukraine sent people to the Winter Paralympics was in 1998. At the 2014 Winter Paralympics in Sochi, Ukraine was the fourth country by total medals won. People from Ukraine went to Pyeongchang to compete in para-alpine skiing, para-Nordic skiing and para-snowboarding.
The table below contains the list of members of people (called "Team Ukraine") that will be participating in the 2018 Games.
Help for the team.
Help for the team was given by the National Paralympic Committee of Ukraine, Ministry of Youth and Sports of Ukraine and a mobile phone company named Lifecell.
The government of the Ukraine gave money to the national team for the 2018 Winter Paralympics. The money was for clothes, footwear and accessories for competition, and the opening and closing of the 2018 Paralympics. The government gave people UAH 20.2 million in 2017 to practice for the Winter Paralympics. In 2018, the government gave people UAH 10.27 million.
Lifecell gave mobile phones to members of the team. The phones could be used in Pyeongchang by people from the Ukraine for free.
Para-Nordic skiing.
People from Ukraine thought the best luck to win a medal was in the biathlon.
Schedule.
On 12 March, the 15 km race takes place, with standing and vision impaired women starting at 10:00 PM. Thee sprint classic qualification takes place on 14 March from 10:00 AM – 11:25 AM for both men and women in all classes. It is followed in the afternoon by the semifinals and finals. The classic race takes place on 17 March. The standing and visually impaired women's race takes place from 10:00 AM - 12:30.
Results.
Biathlon.
In the men's 7.5 km standing race, Benjamin Daviet of France won gold, Mark Arendz won silver and Ihor Reptyukh of Ukraine won bronze. In the men's 7.5 km visually impaired race, Vitaliy Luk'yanenko of Ukraine won gold, Yury Holub of Belarus won silver and Anatolii Kovalevskyi of Ukraine won bronze. In the women's 6 km biathlon standing race, Ekaterina Rumyantseva won gold, Anna Milenina won silver, and Liudmyla Liashenko of Ukraine won bronze. In the women's 6 km biathlon visually impaired race, Mikhalina Lysova won gold, Oksana Shyshkova of Ukraine won silver and Sviatlana Sakhanenka of Belarus won bronze.
Cross country skiing.
In cross country skiing's men's 15 km sitting race, Maksym Yarovyi of Ukraine won gold, Daniel Cnossen of the United States won silver, and Sin Eui Hyun won bronze.
Medalists.
Ukrainian sportspeople who win a Paralympic medal get money from the government as part of an work of the government to bring dignity and make life better for Paralympians compared to Ukrainian Olympians. Gold medalists get USD$125,000. Silver medalists get USD$80,000. Bronze medalists get USD$55,000. |
en_simple_wiki_v0-0001.json.gz:2870476 | Satellite Awards
The Satellite Awards are annual awards given by the International Press Academy that are commonly known in entertainment industry journals and blogs.
The awards were originally known as the Golden Satellite Awards. The award ceremonies take place each year at the InterContinental Hotel in Century City, Los Angeles. |
en_simple_wiki_v0-0001.json.gz:2870491 | Northern California
Northern California is a region of California. The definitions of it vary, but it usually contains the area around San Francisco and Sacramento. 10,000,000 people live in Northern California. |
en_simple_wiki_v0-0001.json.gz:2870739 | Spalding County, Georgia
Spalding County is a county in the U.S. state of Georgia. It is just south of Atlanta. The county seat is Griffin. Spalding County has two cities, one town, and many unincorporated areas. |
en_simple_wiki_v0-0001.json.gz:2870882 | Preble County, Ohio
Preble County is a county in the U.S. state of Ohio. As of the 2010 census, the population was 42,270. The county seat is Eaton. The county was formed on February 15, 1808 from portions of Butler and Montgomery counties. It is named for Edward Preble, a naval officer who fought in the American Revolutionary War and against the Barbary Pirates. |
en_simple_wiki_v0-0001.json.gz:2871031 | Fiza Junejo
Fiza Junejo () is a Pakistani politician. She has served as the member of the National Assembly of Pakistan.
Political career.
She won the National Assembly of Pakistan seat for women from Sindh on the ticket of Pakistan Muslim League (Q) in the Pakistani general election, 2008. |
en_simple_wiki_v0-0001.json.gz:2871125 | Inferno (Dante)
Inferno by the Italian author Dante is a work of fiction published in the 1500s, as part of The Divine Comedy. It tells of the fictional journey that two men, Dante himself as well as Greek poet Virgil, takes through Christian Hell. Hell is made up of several levels, or circles, in which sinners are divided and punished according to their sins. Their punishments are measured according to how many good deeds vs bad deeds were done.
The Divine Comedy describes the journey of the soul toward God. And Inferno is about the recognition and rejection of sin. |
en_simple_wiki_v0-0001.json.gz:2871480 | Morris Halle
Morris Halle (; July 23, 1923 – April 2, 2018) was a Latvian-American linguist. She was a Institute Professor. He later became professor emeritus, of linguistics at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology. He was best known for his pioneering work with Noam Chomsky and Fred Lukoff and for his "The Sound Pattern of English" (1968) work with Chomsky.
Halle died in Cambridge, Massachusetts on April 2, 2018 at the age of 94. |
en_simple_wiki_v0-0001.json.gz:2871544 | Etelka Keserű
Etelka Keserű (née "Bérci"; 26 August 1925 – 1 April 2018) was a Hungarian economist and politician. He served as Minister of Light Industry between 1971 and 1980.
Keserű died in Budapest on 1 April 2018 of cardiopulmonary arrest at the age of 92. |
en_simple_wiki_v0-0001.json.gz:2872036 | Adam Silver
Adam Silver (born April 25, 1962) is an American lawyer and businessman. He is the current commissioner of the National Basketball Association (NBA). He has held this position since February 1, 2014.
Silver has been married to his wife, Maggie, since 2015. They have one daughter. |
en_simple_wiki_v0-0001.json.gz:2872505 | Cecilia Suárez
María Cecilia Suárez de Garay (; born November 22, 1971) is a Mexican actress. She was born in Tampico, Mexico. She studied at Illinois State University. She is a Ariel Award and Emmy International nominated actress. She is known for her roles in "Sexo, pudor y lágrimas", "The Three Burials of Melquiades Estrada", "Travesía", "The Air I Breathe", "Dreaming of Julia", "Wash and Wear" and "Overboard". |
en_simple_wiki_v0-0001.json.gz:2872517 | Walter Reed National Military Medical Center
The Walter Reed National Military Medical Center (WRNMMC), formerly known as the National Naval Medical Center and also known as Bethesda Naval Hospital, Walter Reed, or Navy Med, is a United States' tri-service military medical center, located in the community of Bethesda, Maryland, near the headquarters of the National Institutes of Health.
It is one of the most well known U.S. military medical centers in the Washington, D.C. metropolitan area and the United States, having served numerous U.S. presidents since the 20th century.
Ronald Reagan, on July 13, 1985, underwent surgery to remove polyps from his colon. In May 2018, First Lady Melania Trump successfully underwent cyst-removal surgery of the kidney at the hospital.
In October 2020, President Donald Trump was hospitalized with COVID-19 at Walter Reed. |
en_simple_wiki_v0-0001.json.gz:2872557 | Ken Hodgkisson
William Kenneth Hodgkisson (12 March 1933 – 10 May 2018) was an English professional footballer. He was born in West Bromwich, West Midlands.
Hodgkisson played as an inside forward. He began his career with West Bromwich Albion, making his professional debut in 1953. He was sold to Walsall in 1956.
Hodgkisson went on to make over 350 appearances for the club during an eleven year spell, winning promotion on two occasions. He later played non-league football with Worcester City and Dudley Town, where he also spent three years as manager.
Hodgkisson died on 10 May 2018 at the age of 85. |
en_simple_wiki_v0-0001.json.gz:2872863 | Mylom
Mylom is a village in the Kollam district. It is in the Indian state of Kerala.
Demographics.
India census, Mylom had a population of 22425 with 10729 males and 11696 females. |
en_simple_wiki_v0-0001.json.gz:2872992 | John DiFronzo
John DiFronzo (December 13, 1928 – May 27, 2018), nicknamed "No Nose", was an American mobster. He was the boss of the Chicago Outfit from 1997 until his death in 2018. His brother, Peter DiFronzo, a made-man, was convicted of warehouse burglary in 1963.
In 2009, John DiFronzo, Rudy Fratto, and several others were named in a civil lawsuit by Joseph Fosco, the son of late Teamsters treasurer Armando Fosco, alleged to have tried to extort $400,000 from Fosco.
DiFronzo died in River Grove, Illinois on May 27, 2018 of complications from Alzheimer's disease at the age of 89. |
en_simple_wiki_v0-0001.json.gz:2873961 | Gabriel Rufián
Gabriel Rufián Romero (born 8 February 1982) is a Spanish politician and activist. In the Spanish general election, 2015 and 2016 he led the Republican Left of Catalonia, a pro-independence electoral party. He is also a member of the secretariat of the Assemblea Nacional Catalana and a member of Súmate, two other pro-independence groups.
In the 2016 general election, he was elected to the Congress of Deputies for the constituency of Barcelona. The presence of Rufián in the ERC list has been suggested to be a case of tokenism. |
en_simple_wiki_v0-0001.json.gz:2874005 | Gloria al Bravo Pueblo
"Gloria al Bravo Pueblo" (; "Glory to the Brave People") was adopted as Venezuela's national anthem by President Antonio Guzmán Blanco on May 25, 1881. The lyrics were written by the physician and journalist Vicente Salias in 1810. The music was later composed by musician Juan José Landaeta. It is said, however, that the melody has been known since 1840 as "La Marsellesa Venezolana" ("Venezuelan Marseillaise"), in reference to its subtle similarity to the French national anthem.
Some recent investigations have suggested that the real author of the anthem was Andrés Bello, and not Salias, to whom it was originally credited, and the music was composed by another musician called Lino Gallardo. However, this theory has yet to be proven, and lacks any real recognition among the general Venezuelan population, historians, or otherwise.
Usage.
The Venezuelan national anthem is played every day on radio and television broadcasts at 12:00 am, 6:00 am and 12:00 pm (either the full version or the chorus, first stanza and chorus) on all national TV networks. On radio broadcasts, the state anthem is played after the national anthem, which is also the case in state TV stations.
In most occasions, only the chorus, first stanza and the chorus are played or even the chorus itself. Sometimes the chorus is played twice in the beginning, and once in the rest of the anthem. In formal events (if the anthem will be played by either a military band, concert band or orchestra) the format is: Chorus (2x), First verse and Chorus (2x), with the optional introduction. If played in full the chorus is sung twice, with or without the introductiory notes. |
en_simple_wiki_v0-0001.json.gz:2875178 | GEICO 500
The GEICO 500 is a Monster Energy NASCAR Cup Series race held annually at Talladega Superspeedway, it is one of two races held at the circuit, with the other one being the 1000Bulbs.com 500 in October, Unlike the Daytona 500, Multiple cars pile up in wrecks, known as The Big One.
Talladega Superspeedway tops the series list with its steepest banking with 33 degrees, Because of its speed, Talladega is one of two tracks to stop speeds from climbing too high. |
en_simple_wiki_v0-0001.json.gz:2876336 | Union County, Iowa
Union County is a county in the U.S. state of Iowa. In the 2010 census, 12,534 people lived there. The county seat is Creston. |
en_simple_wiki_v0-0001.json.gz:2876422 | Khabib Nurmagomedov
Khabib Abdulmanapovich Nurmagomedov (; ; born 20 September 1988) is a Russian mixed martial artist. He started his career in 2008. He is signed to the Ultimate Fighting Championship (UFC). He is the UFC Lightweight Champion at the moment. He holds the longest streak in MMA history without losing, with 29 wins. He defended his title, beating Conor McGregor by submission at UFC 229 in October 2018. He is the first Russian and the first Muslim to win a UFC title. He is also a two-time Combat Sambo World Champion. He formerly fought as a welterweight.
Nurmagomedov was born in the village of Sildi, Tsumadinsky District in Dagestan. He is an Avar. He married in June 2013. He has a daughter and a son. He lives in Makhachkala, Dagestan. He is a Sunni Muslim. |
en_simple_wiki_v0-0001.json.gz:2876594 | Stephenson County, Illinois
Stephenson County is a county in the U.S. state of Illinois. In the 2010 census, 47,711 people lived there. The county seat is Freeport. |
en_simple_wiki_v0-0001.json.gz:2876606 | Rhododendron arboreum
Rhododendron arboreum, the tree rhododendron, also known as burans or gurans, is an evergreen shrub or small tree with a showy display of bright red flowers. It is found in Bhutan, China, India, Myanmar, Nepal, Sri Lanka, Pakistan and Thailand. |
en_simple_wiki_v0-0001.json.gz:2877146 | Anita Hill
Anita Faye Hill (born July 30, 1956) is an American attorney and academic. She was born near Morris, Oklahoma. She is a university professor of social policy, law, and women's studies at Brandeis University.
Hill became known in 1991 when she accused U.S. Supreme Court nominee Clarence Thomas, her supervisor at the United States Department of Education and the Equal Employment Opportunity Commission, of sexual harassment. |
en_simple_wiki_v0-0001.json.gz:2877240 | Dawes County, Nebraska
Dawes County is a county in the U.S. state of Nebraska. As of the 2010 census, 9,182 people lived there. The county seat is Chadron. The county was founded in 1885 and named after Governor James W. Dawes. |
en_simple_wiki_v0-0001.json.gz:2877258 | Marvin Harrison
Marvin Darnell Harrison (born August 25, 1972) is a former American football wide receiver in the National Football League (NFL). He played college football for Syracuse University, and was drafted by the Indianapolis Colts in the first round of the 1996 NFL Draft. He spent all 13 of his NFL seasons with the Colts, most of them with quarterback Peyton Manning, and is widely considered as one of the greatest and most productive wide receivers in NFL history. He earned a Super Bowl ring with the team in Super Bowl XLI over the Chicago Bears.
Harrison was a Pro Football Hall of Fame finalist for the Classes of 2014 and 2015 before being elected in 2016, the same year his former coach Tony Dungy was voted into the Hall. |
en_simple_wiki_v0-0001.json.gz:2877660 | Barnaby Joyce
Barnaby Thomas Gerard Joyce (born 17 April 1967) is an Australian politician. He is the leader of the National Party since June 2021. He was the Deputy Prime Minister of Australia from 2021 until 2022. He served in these two positions before from February 2016 to February 2018, and was Deputy Prime Minister of Australia from February 2016 to October 2017 and from December 2017 to February 2018. |
en_simple_wiki_v0-0001.json.gz:2877683 | Carmen Alborch
Carmen Alborch Bataller (31 October 1947 – 24 October 2018) was a Spanish politician and writer. She was born in Castelló de Rugat, Valencia, Spain. She was a member of the Spanish Socialist Workers' Party. Alborch was Minister of Culture from 1993 to 1996 in the last government of Felipe González.
In 1996, Alborch was elected to the Congress of Deputies, representing Valencia. She chaired the Committee of Control of RTVE (the state radio and TV corporation) from 1996 until January 2000.
Alborch died at the age of 70 on 24 October 2018 from pancreatic cancer in Valencia. |
en_simple_wiki_v0-0001.json.gz:2877748 | Australia men's national para ice hockey team
The Australian men's para ice hockey team (also known as Aussie Ice Roos) is the ice sledge hockey team representing Australia. The team will make it's debut at the 2018 World Para Ice Hockey Championships in Pool C in Finland. |
en_simple_wiki_v0-0001.json.gz:2878081 | Erin Richards
Erin Richards (born 17 May 1986) is a Welsh actress. She was born in Penarth, Vale of Glamorgan, Wales. She is best known for playing Molly Hughes in the television series "Breaking In" and Barbara Kean in the television series "Gotham". |
en_simple_wiki_v0-0001.json.gz:2878385 | Meena Alexander
Meena Alexander (17 February 1951 – 21 November 2018) was an Indian poet, scholar, and writer. She was Distinguished Professor of English at Hunter College and at the CUNY Graduate Center in the PhD program in English.
She published two novels, "Nampally Road" (1991)—which was a Village Voice Literary Supplement Editor's Choice—and "Manhattan Music" (1997), and two academic studies, "The Poetic Self" (1979) and "Women in Romanticism" (1989). "Fault Lines" was chosen by "Publishers Weekly" as one of the best books of the year in 1993. "Illiterate Heart" won the 2002 PEN Open Book Award.
She died on November 21, 2018, at age 67, in New York City. |
en_simple_wiki_v0-0001.json.gz:2878394 | Corydoras panda
Corydoras panda is a species of catfish. It is in the genus "Corydoras", which is in the family Callichthyidae. "Corydoras panda" lives in rivers in Peru and Ecuador. The species was first collected by Randolph H. Richards in 1968. It was named "Corydoras panda" by Nijssen and Isbrücker in 1971. It is called "Corydoras panda" because the black stripes around its eyes look similar to the eyes of the giant panda. The common names for this fish are panda corydoras and panda catfish. "Corydoras panda" is a popular species to keep in aquariums. |
en_simple_wiki_v0-0001.json.gz:2878944 | Steele County, Minnesota
Steele County is a county in the U.S. state of Minnesota. As of 2010, 36,576 people lived there. The county seat is Owatonna. |
en_simple_wiki_v0-0001.json.gz:2879081 | List of EastEnders characters (2017)
The following is a list of characters that first appeared in the BBC soap opera "EastEnders" in 2017, by order of first appearance. All characters are introduced by the show's executive producer Sean O'Connor or, from 27 November, his successor as executive consultant, John Yorke. |
en_simple_wiki_v0-0001.json.gz:2879594 | Dniproavia
Dniproavia is an airline headquartered at Dnipro, Ukraine that was founded in 1996. It operates scheduled and chartered passenger flights It previously operated Antonov An-26, Boeing 737-300, Boeing 737-400, Boeing 737-500, Yakovlev Yak-40 and Yakovlev Yak-42 aircraft. It currently operates Embraer EMB 145 aircraft. |
en_simple_wiki_v0-0001.json.gz:2879628 | Lenin Rajendran
Lenin Rajendran (; 1951 – 14 January 2019) was an Indian movie director and screenwriter. He was born in Trivandrum, Kerala. He worked in Malayalam cinema. He was a member of the Kerala State Film Development Corporation from 2016 to January 2019. A director, he was known for his works "Venal", "Puravrutham" and "Mazha".
Rajendran died of complications from a liver transplant on 14 January 2019 in Chennai, Tamil Nadu at the age of 67. |
en_simple_wiki_v0-0001.json.gz:2880243 | Golden Valley County, Montana
Golden Valley County is a county found in the U.S. state of Montana. As of the 2010 United States Census, there were 884 people. Its county seat is Ryegate. |
en_simple_wiki_v0-0001.json.gz:2880737 | Luwian language
Luwian was the language of the Luwian people. It is ordered under the Anatolian branch of the Indo-European languages. It died around 600 BCE. Linguists believe that it had two laryngeal consonants inherited from Indo-European, because their cuneiform writing had two symbols that represent laryngeal sounds. |
en_simple_wiki_v0-0001.json.gz:2881833 | 2019 Madeira bus crash
On 17 April 2019, at about 18:00, a tour bus crashed in Caniço, in the archipelago of Madeira, Portugal. The bus was carrying 56 people, mostly tourists from Germany. 29 people were killed in the crash. Another 27 more were injured, including the Portuguese driver and guide.
Portuguese Prime Minister António Costa gave his support to German Chancellor Angela Merkel. The President of Portugal, Marcelo Rebelo de Sousa, made plans to visit the site of the crash. German foreign minister Heiko Maas went to Madeira on 18 April to help victims. |
en_simple_wiki_v0-0001.json.gz:2881907 | Forel, Fribourg
Forel is a village of the district Broye in the canton of Fribourg in Switzerland. On 1 January 2006 the former municipalities of Autavaux, Forel and Montbrelloz merged to form Vernay. |
en_simple_wiki_v0-0001.json.gz:2882128 | Fred McLafferty
Fred Warren McLafferty (May 11, 1923 – December 26, 2021) was an American chemist known for his work in mass spectrometry. He was best known for the McLafferty rearrangement reaction that was observed with mass spectrometry. With Roland Gohlke, he pioneered the technique of gas chromatography–mass spectrometry. He is also known for electron capture dissociation, a method of fragmenting gas phase ions. In 1982, he became a member of the National Academy of Sciences.
McLafferty died on December 26, 2021 in Ithaca, New York at the age of 98. |
en_simple_wiki_v0-0001.json.gz:2882365 | Luisa Eugenia Navas
Luisa E. Navas (born 1918 in Chillán; died 18 November 2020 in Santiago), also called Eugenia Navas, is a Chilean botanist and professor in Pharmacy School of the Chilean University.
Works.
1973
Flora de la cuenca de Santiago de Chile. Tomo I. Pteridophyta, Gimnospermae, Monocotyledoneae. Ediciones de la Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile. 301 pp. |
en_simple_wiki_v0-0001.json.gz:2882565 | Lifeline Theatre
Lifeline Theatre started in Chicago, Illinois, United States, in 1983. Five Northwestern University graduates started the theater group. They moved to Rogers Park—a converted Commonwealth Edison substation— in 1986. This includes a 99-seat theater, rehearsal and office space, a scene shop, and costume, prop, and scenery storage.
Awards.
Chicago/Illinois awards.
Since 1986, Lifeline members have received 48 Joseph Jefferson Awards.
National awards.
Member Meryl Friedman won the 1999 Distinguished Play Award in the Elementary Category from the American Alliance of Theatre and Education for her adaptation of "Journey of the Sparrows", produced at Lifeline in 1996.
The American Alliance for Theater and Education awarded Lifeline the 2003 Sara Spencer Artistic Achievement Award for sustained and successful achievement in the field of theater for young audiences.
Production History.
Lifeline Theatre's work includes MainStage productions:
Family MainStage productions have included:
In 1986 Lifeline started its KidSeries program. Productions have included:
Players.
Lifeline Theatre's members are: Patrick Blashill, Christina Calvit, Victoria DeIorio, Alan Donahue, Kevin D. Gawley, Peter Greenberg, James E. Grote, Chris Hainsworth, John Hildreth, Paul S. Holmquist, Elise Kauzlaric, Robert Kauzlaric, Frances Limoncelli, Katie McLean Hainsworth, Dorothy Milne (Artistic Director), Shole Milos, Sandy Snyder Pietz, Suzanne Plunkett, Phil Timberlake, Jennifer Tyler, Christopher M. Walsh, and Elizabeth Powell Wislar. Emeritus members include: Eric Lane Barnes, Meryl Friedman, Rebecca Hamlin, James Sie, and Steve Totland. |
en_simple_wiki_v0-0001.json.gz:2882590 | Dumont d'Urville Station
The Dumont d'Urville Station () is a French scientific station in Antarctica. It is on Île des Pétrels, archipelago of Pointe-Géologie in Adélie Land. It is named after explorer Jules Dumont d'Urville. His expedition landed on Débarquement Rock in the Dumoulin Islands at the northeast end of the archipelago on January 21, 1840. The station is run by the "French Polar Institute Paul-Émile Victor".
History.
The first French Antarctic research station was at Port Martin, east of D'Urville. It was destroyed by fire on January 23, 1952. In 1952, a small base called Base Marret, was built on Île des Pétrels to study a rookery of emperor penguins. When the Port Martin station was destroyed, Base Marret was used in the winter of 1952/1953. A new main base, Dumont D'Urville station, was built on the same island and opened on January 12, 1956. This became the centre for French scientific research during the Antarctic International Geophysical Year 1957/1958. It has remained in active use ever since.
The station allows between 30 and 40 people to come ashore at one time. Ice and strong katabatic winds often prevent landings, either by boat or by helicopter. The station can accommodate about 30 people in winter and 120 during the summer. The icebreaker ship "L'Astrolabe" carries supplies and people to the station from the port of Hobart, Tasmania. It does five trips between November and March.
The Academy Award-winning documentary movie "La Marche de l'empereur", in English "March of the Penguins", was filmed in the region around this base. |
en_simple_wiki_v0-0001.json.gz:2883018 | Lee Hee-ho
Lee Hee-ho (; 21 September 1922 – 10 June 2019) was a South Korean women's rights and peace activist. She served as First Lady of South Korea from 1998 to 2003. She was married to the 8th President of South Korea, Kim Dae-jung from 1962 until his death in 2009. The couple had one son, and Lee was also the stepmother of Kim's two sons from his first marriage. She was born in Seoul during the Japanese occupation of Korea.
Lee died of liver cancer on 10 June 2019 in Seoul. She was 96. |
en_simple_wiki_v0-0001.json.gz:2883229 | Louisiana, Kansas
Louisiana (also known as Brooklyn and Salem) is a ghost town in Douglas County, in the U.S. state of Kansas.
History.
Louisiana was created in 1855. It was close to the Santa Fe Trail. It had many things for travelers, including an inn, a saloon, a stable, and a store. A post office was created at Louisiana in 1856, but it closed in 1857. After William Quantrill's Raiders destroyed nearby Lawrence On August 21, 1863, they came to Louisiana and burned the town to the ground. The only building left was the saloon. The town became a ghost town shortly after. |
en_simple_wiki_v0-0001.json.gz:2883367 | List of heads of government of the Comoros
The following is a list of heads of government of the Comoros since 1957, to the abolition of the post of Prime Minister in 2002. |
en_simple_wiki_v0-0001.json.gz:2883489 | Stevens County, Kansas
Stevens County is a county located in the U.S. state of Kansas. As of the 2010 census, the county population was 5,724. Its county seat is Hugoton. The county is named for the Reconstruction era Pennsylvania politician Thaddeus Stevens.
History.
19th century.
On July 25, 1888, the Hay Meadow Massacre was a violent county seat fight between groups from Hugoton and Woodsdale, where 4 men were murdered. On August 3, 1886, Stevens County was created.
Geography.
The U.S. Census Bureau says that the county has a total area of . Of that is land and (0.02%) is water.
Communities.
Townships.
Stevens County is divided into six townships. None of the cities within the county are considered "governmentally independent", and all figures for the townships include those of the cities. In the following table, the population center is the largest city (or cities) included in that township's population total, if it is of a significant size. |
en_simple_wiki_v0-0001.json.gz:2883829 | Great Bend, Kansas
Great Bend is a city in Barton County, Kansas, United States. It is also the county seat of Barton County. It is named for its location at the place where the Arkansas River bends east then southeast. In 2010, 15,995 people lived there.
Geography.
Great Bend is at (38.3644567, -98.7648073). It has an elevation of 1,850 feet (564 m). It is in central Kansas, and it is at the intersection of U.S. Route 281 and U.S. Route 56. Great Bend is northwest of Wichita, west-southwest of Kansas City, and east-southeast of Denver.
The United States Census Bureau says that the city has a total area of . Of that, is land and is water.
Education.
Primary and secondary education.
Great Bend Public Schools (USD 428) has about 3,000 students. It runs eight schools in Great Bend:
Colleges and universities.
Barton Community College is a two-year community college. It is about three miles northeast of Great Bend.
Media.
The "Great Bend Tribune" is the city's daily newspaper. It makes over 6,200 copies.
Parks and recreation.
The city government's Park Department maintains 10 parks in Great Bend.
Culture.
Sports.
Greyhound racing started in the United States in the bottoms in 1886 during a formal coursing event. |
en_simple_wiki_v0-0001.json.gz:2884782 | DJ Arafat
Ange Didier Houon (26 January 1986 – 12 August 2019) also known as DJ Arafat, or Arafat Muana, was an Ivorian DJ and singer. He made music in the Coupé-Décalé genre. Arafat was one of the first musicians living in the Ivory Coast to have one million YouTube views in less than a day. This was because of his song "Moto Moto" became popular.
Death.
On 12 August, 2019, Arafat died in a motorcycle crash in Abidjan, Ivory Coast, aged 33. |
en_simple_wiki_v0-0001.json.gz:2884993 | No Time to Die
No Time to Die is a 2021 spy movie. It is twenty-fifth movie in the "James Bond" series. It is produced by Eon Productions for Metro-Goldwyn-Mayer and Universal Pictures. The movie has Daniel Craig in his fifth and final performance as fictional MI6 agent, James Bond. It is directed by Cary Joji Fukunaga.
Theme Song.
Billie Eilish performed and released the official theme of the movie in February 2020.
The movie released on 3 April 2021 in the United Kingdom and on 8 October 2021 worldwide. |
en_simple_wiki_v0-0001.json.gz:2885293 | Battle of Falkirk
The Battle of Falkirk ("Blàr na h-Eaglaise Brice" in Scottish Gaelic) was a battle that occurred on the 22nd of July 1298. It is considered one of the major (most important) battles of the First Scottish War of Independence. In it,the English Army beat the Scottish Army. |
Subsets and Splits