ids
stringlengths 36
36
| texts
stringlengths 1
1.43k
|
|---|---|
e3371ecf-2881-444a-98f7-9103f2ee29d3 | 1887 28.7 147 1888 31.1 182 1889 34.1 175 1890 28.3 151 1891 30.8 146 1892 30.5 185 1893 31.9 192.5 1894 30.2 160.6 1895 31.6 168.1 1896 30.3 168.9 1897 30.7 198.3 1898 30.5 181.9 1899 31.7 187.2 1900 28.1 168.5 Diarrhaa.βThere were 48 deaths from Diarrhoea in children under 5 years, and 2 in persons over 5 years of age. |
6129cfee-5eb1-449e-b768-f07e11a3104f | Acting on the instructions received from the Registrar General, under the heading of " Diarrhoea," I have included deaths certified as from Diarrhoea alone, or in combination with some other cause of ill defined nature; and also deaths certified as from Epidemic Enteritis, Zymotic Enteritis, Epidemic Diarrhoea, Summer Diarrhoea, Dysentery and Dysenteric diarrhoea, Choleraic Diarrhoea, Cholera, Cholera Nostras, (in the absence of Asiatic Cholera), 10 According to the previous methods of classification I could have shown a marked diminution in the number of deaths from Diarrhoea, but the method as now suggested is more satisfactory. The number of deaths from Diarrhoea in each district was as follows:β acton. s. acton. e. acton. a. green. willesden. b. park. |
9bd1a44c-f0d4-4c31-bf3c-10a334bb1c9e | 19 l8 - 9 - 2 Diarrhoea is one of the epidemic diseases that has shown no tendency to decrease with the advance of sanitation, and its prevention is a subject of anxious interest to those responsible for the health of a District. One of the primary causes in this district lies in the fact that the mothers wean their children very early, so as to be able to continue their work at the laundries. The children are left to the younger members of the family, or put out to nurse with perhaps some equally ignorant person who has no idea as to the suitable food to give a child brought up by hand. Thus, at a very early age, an unhealthy condition of the intestine is set up, and the child's vitality being further lowered by possible bad ventilation and overcrowding, it easily falls a prey to the disease, should it swallow the specific organism. Recent researches have drawn attention to a micro-organism which is found in the intestine of the horse. |
f29784ab-7f8b-467e-b72a-6b879838621d | These bacteria are deposited in the streets in enormous numbers, and, when dry, are blown about in the form of dust, which finds its way into house larders, milk shops, and restaurants, and contaminates the food exposed therein. Milk is an excellent breeding ground for bacteria; and this fact may explain why town infants, who are fed mainly on milk, are so subject to the disease, which is hardly found in the country, where the road dust is practically free from horse dung. A hot summer supplies the temperature which favours the growth and multiplication of the microbes. 11 MEANS TAKEN FOR LOWERING THE MORTALITY FROM DIARRHΕA. The following leaflet was freely distributed in the early Summer months. Instructions as to the suitable food to give a child brought up by hand are given to each person registering a birth. ACTON DISTRICT COUNCIL. Printed and Circulated by order of the Sanitary Authority. |
d5bda4a9-53db-498f-b0c9-71dcffa59a12 | The PREVENTION of SUMMER & INFANTILE DIARRHΕA. Summer DiarrhΕa is a very fatal form of DiarrhΕa, due to germs, or microbes. Thousands of children die from it every year, yet the complaint may be avoided by the exercise of common care. The germs that cause the disease are found in dust of streets, dust-bins, and where there is decaying matter. It is therefore very important to keep all dust and flies away from the food, which should be kept covered over and stored in a cool and clean compartment, away from dust-bins, closets, or drains. All milk should be boiled, and should be kept covered over prior to use. Never give a child or infant unboiled milk. The house should be kept as clean as possible. All animal and vegetable refuse should be burnt. |
8c1bc7f7-2410-482a-a174-f25a832a88db | Water closets and drains should be kept sweet and clean, any obstruction to the drainage should at once be reported to the Sanitary Inspector at the District Council Offices, High Street. See that your dust-bin is cleared at regular intervals. If there is any delay write to the Surveyor of the Council. 12 Keep your children from eating unripe or over-ripe fruit. It is most important to remove all dust adhering to fruit, and this precaution applies especially to fruit purchased from street barrows. The ices sold in the street often contain very poisonous microbes. A previous case of Summer DiarrhΕa in a house will cause the disease to spread to other children if care is not taken. All diapers used by children should be placed in boiling water immediately they are soiled, and it is a wise precaution to disinfect with strong solution of Carbolic the bowel discharges of all DiarrhΕa patients before they are thrown down the water closet. |
babf21a5-2300-49b0-8453-0792ca4b1f79 | Send at once for a qualified medical man in every case of diarrhΕa. G. A. Garry Simpson, Medical Officer of Health. The dairies, cowsheds and milkshops are periodically visited, and I insist on the following very important precautions being taken, viz.: that the milk should be always kept covered over with a damp cloth, and the cans finally washed with boiling water, which destroys any microbes that may be present. A fresh register has been made of all dairies, and for the future only those premises that are considered suitable will be placed on the register. I made during the year excursions to farms in the country which supply the milk to the largest dairies in the district. The cows appeared healthy and I could find no evidence of Tuberculosis. |
8768243a-6782-44d5-beb1-294e6a281ed2 | On two occasions I was fortunate in timing my visit for the milking hour, and I gave the men special instructions about washing their hands before milking; from personal inspection I am convinced that this precaution is not enforced as rigorously as it should be. 13 It is most important that scavenging should be carried on with particular vigour during the summer months ; our object is to keep the dust of the streets from entering the houses and settling on the food, which in the poorer districts is often left exposed in the living room. INFECTIOUS DISEASES AND THE MEASURES TAKEN TO PREVENT THEIR SPREAD. The following table gives the number reported each year since the Act came into force: 1890 1891 1892 1893 1894 1895 1896 1897 1898 1899 1900 Small Pox β β 13 7 2 β β β β β 2 Scarlet Fever 108 63 74 192 86 67 |
6d772685-2f9c-4c20-bc3a-3a8cc8a1aa75 | 193 93 167 111 243 Diphtheria 14 8 27 41 22 32 23 89 35 49 28 Membranous Croup 4 β 13 1 β β β 4 β β 1 Typhoid Fever 13 13 15 19 15 28 14 10 9 46 29 Continued Fever β β β 1 β β β β β β 2 Puerperal Fever 1 β 1 2 1 3 3 β 1 β β Erysipelas 22 18 37 77 41 31 26 25 22 31 28 162 102 180 340 167 161 259 221 234 239 333 It will be seen from the above table that 333 notification certificates of Infectious Illness were received from medical practitioners, as against 239 during the preceding year. |
1800b431-e16a-4407-ae44-98ca664a1db7 | The usual method of dealing with infectious cases in this district is as follows: On receipt of a notification from the certifying Practitioner, notice is forwarded with as little delay as possible to the Sanitary Inspector, Nurse Dawkins, the Librarian, and the Master of the School where the child or any inmates of the house attend. A small Pamphlet giving advice as to Isolation, &c., is also forwarded to the parents or some other responsible person in the house. 14 Nurse Dawkins visits the patient with as little delay as possible; takes disinfectants, sees to isolation, and visits the patient periodically till convalescence ensues. If it is found impossible to satisfactorily isolate the patient, an attempt is made to remove the case to an Isolation Hospital. The Sanitary Inspector visits the house in the course of a day or two, and tests the drains, &c. When the premises are ready for disinfection I forward a printed notice to the Sanitary Inspector. |
7f854b08-3aa1-4c80-b475-18b9c47d3ba1 | For more thoroughly disinfecting rooms a spray was purchased, the container of which is filled with a solution of Perchloride of Mercury (1 in 1000);and the walls and ceiling and all articles of furniture in the infected room are well sprayed with the solution before being sulphured. After disinfection a printed form is left with full instructions when, and how to open the room. A counterfoil signed by the tenant is kept, so that no misunderstanding on this point can now arise. Also in the case of removing bedding,βa list is taken of all the articles removed, and the owner upon receiving them back from the Council's man, checks them and signs a receipt. HOSPITAL ISOLATION. Two patients suffering from Scarlet Fever were admitted into the W'illesden Isolation Hospital, two from Small Pox into the Small Pox Hospital at Barnet. Six from Enteric Fever into the Acton Cottage Hospital. |
e1642864-0471-4b72-a5dc-2818dcca2070 | Seventeen patients were removed to the Stanmore Convalescent Home for Scarlet Fever at Stanmore. 15 The sum of Β£65 8s. was allowed during the year, to deserving poor persons, who through no fault of their own, were debarred from following their employment owing to having Infectious Disease in their homes. Probably never before has the want of an Isolation Hospital been more keenly felt than during the last year; and the distress caused thereby has been widespread regardless of the generosity of the District Council. In some cases I was obliged to use the expedient of removing children from the source of infection and boarding them out, and it is satisfactory that not a single individual thus removed developed the disease. SICK NURSING. The nurses in connection with our Cottage Hospital have had under treatment 293 patients, and paid 5,271 visits, an average of 18 visits to each patient. |
81acf81e-76d3-4a08-9937-d20c886d354b | Nurse Dawkins has paid 3,090 visits; she has nursed 39 Scarlet Fever, one Diphtheria, and 19 Enteric Cases. She has given out 1,179 bottles of disinfectant, and taken 12 patients to Infectious Disease Hospitals. SCARLET FEVER. There were six deaths from Scarlet Fever, which, considering that 243 cases were notified during the year, is not a high rate. In 1893, there were 10 deaths and 111 notifications. We were not alone as regards the prevalence of this disease, as it was universal over the metropolitan area. There is no doubt that an individual who has suffered from Scarlet Fever, can convey the disease to others, long after apparent convalescence. Too much importance has been hitherto attached to the infectivity 16 of the skin during the latter weeks of Scarlatinal Convalescence. Dr. \V. |
36f74173-ff8d-4ebc-b039-99624fa0542f | J. Simpson who has made investigations at the request of the Metropolitan Asylums Board, found that only in 2.7 per cent. was there any reason to suspect desquamation of the skin as the cause of secondary infection, whereas 80 per cent. of the primary infective cases were connected with discharges from the mucous membranes of the nose and mouth, and that these discharges are probably the carriers of infection. The Medical Officer of Health should be notified as to the discharge of a patient from hospital, and printed instructions should be given to the parents, in order that suitable precautions can be taken in the home. SMALL POX. Two cases (a male and female) occurred in an old-fashioned ill-ventilated house in the town. The first patient, the female, contracted the disease in Town. She had never been vaccinated. The male sickened a few days afterwards, and had the disease mildly compared with the female; he was supposed to have been vaccinated when an infant. |
19c75777-3dc7-4305-8d47-2f38c682843a | The patients were removed within an hour or so of the notification of the disease, to the Small Pox Hospital, at Barnet. Both recovered. The premises underwent thorough disinfection. DIPHTHERIA. Twenty-eight cases were notified against forty-nine in 1899. There were four deaths, against seven in the preceding year. The antitoxin for this disease is now used by nearly every practitioner in the district. I continue as before to keep a supply ready for immediate use from the Jenner Institute. It is most important to inject early, and not to wait till the disease assumes a severe form. It is said that it is impossible to give a fatal over-dose. 17 In mild cases 2,000 units should be injected, and this dose should be repeated in 24 hours, it the faucial condition gets worse and constitutional symptoms appear. |
99ee0917-753d-4cf6-88f1-3e23bdea7f89 | In severe cases, and when the larynx is attacked, 4,000 to 10,000 units should be injected according to acuteness of constitutional symptoms. It is believed if any good is to be done by antitoxin in a bad case, it will be accomplished by 16,000 units given within 24 hours. TYPHOID FEVER. Twenty-nine cases were notified, against 46 in 1899, there were four deaths, against seven in the preceding year. Strict precautions regarding disinfection are carried out immediately a case is notified, with a view of destroying any Typhoid Bacilli deposited in closet pans or soil area around the closets. An outbreak of Typhoid occurred in some wooden huts in Old Oak Lane, which have been erected for the accommodation of the men employed on the new railway. I clearly proved that the disease was imported by a servant who had been sent home sick from Holloway. |
8ba1ff6a-ae9c-476d-9841-535bc319adca | At my suggestion the contractors closed the huts, and submitted them and the soil area to a thorough process of disinfection under my supervision. As soon as a case of Enteric Fever is notified, Nurse Dawkins takes with her tabloids of Perchloride of Mercury. All the inmates in the house are told of the risks they run should they take their meals without first disinfecting their hands. By adding one tabloid to a pint of water, a solution is made of the strength of 1 in 1,000, and the hands should be steeped in this solution for at least five minutes. The following leaflet is also left:β 18 TYPHOID FEVER. HOW TO DISINFECT The Stools and Urine should be passed into a Solution of Chloride of Lime or Carbolic Acid (wine glassful of Carbolic to ΒΌ pint of Water). The Stool should be soaked in the above for at least 3 hours before being thrown away. |
5522b099-281f-4955-a13d-2ac009e596ca | Any solid lumps in the discharges should be broken up and well mixed with the Disinfecting solution : for which purpose two pieces of stick may be used, and the pieces should be burnt immediately after being used. It is necessary to soak infected linen in the Solution for at least 4 hours, since the Solution does not penetrate the whole of the linen for a considereble time. To Disinfect the Nurse's Hands.βThe hands and spaces under nails must be thoroughly scrubbed with soap and water. Then the hands soaked in a Solution of Perchloride of Mercury (1 in 1000). Urinals must be treated in exactly the same way as bed pans, viz.: Immediately after use the bed pan should be covered and removed, one pint of Disinfecting Solution should be added to and well mixed with its contents before they are emptied down the closet. The bed pan should be finally washed with the Disinfecting Fluid. |
7b8fe0f7-b0a2-4f50-abdc-5d0dfbdbd300 | In the early part of the year a smoke testing machine, stoppers, etc., and a hand cart were purchased. These are in constant use, and the department is now equipped for testing drains and sanitary appliances. DRAINAGE. Sewers laid by the Council. Uxbridge Road about 271 yards. Shakespeare Road β 57 β Ramsey Road β 174 β Church Path ,, 60 β Spencer and Chaucer Road β 90 β 19 Sewers re-laid by the Council. The Orchard and Bedford Road.about 287 yards. The Steyne β 23 β Cunnington Street β 80 β Sewers laid by Contractors for the Council. Bedford Road about 227 yards. Mill Hill Grove β 62 ,, Cumberland Road β 35 β SEWAGE DISPOSAL. The precipitation method of dealing with sewage is rapidly being replaced by the bacterial treatment, by nearly all large towns. The fallacies of our Ferrozone process are yearly becoming more apparent. |
b172fcbd-3024-480e-aaeb-607bc99647d8 | We get a very indifferent effluent, and we find the difficulties of disposing of the sludge increasing. With the view of testing the new bacterial treatment, an experimental filter was started in the early part of the year. It consists of an open septic Tank, into which the sewage is turned without any preliminary treatment. This tank is aptly called the digesting or liquefying chamber. This liquefying process is brought about by the action of organisms that do not grow in the presence of air, and an effluent is produced which is practically without solids in suspension. The effluent from this septic tank is then uniformly distributed over the surface of coke or clinker, and passes out purified. This final purification is produced by organisms that grow in the presence of air, and also by the oxygen of the air. |
ab5b7bc1-c56e-464c-82b7-5059829876b9 | 20 As complaints were received of noxious smells in the neighbourhood of the Sewage Works I made frequent visits, and found by experiments that the smell arose from the presence of sulphuretted hydrogen, and that this gas was liberated owing to the force with which the effluent from the septic tank was sprayed on to the filter. To remedy the above defect, further experiments are being carried out, and so far with very satisfactory results. The effluent from the septic tank is forced by a pulsometer into a tank holding a day's supply, viz.: 250 gallons ; from this tank the effluent is delivered by gravitation on to a 6-in. tile, and from thence on to the surface of clinker. The effluent not being forced on to the filtering medium, no gases are disengaged. The following are the analyses of the two effluents, viz.: the precipitation process, and the bacterial treatment. |
1417492d-428c-4388-8302-0d0365406161 | The superiority of the latter is obvious, and I have no hesitation in advising the Council to adopt the bacterial treatment in place of the precipitation method ; the saving to Acton will be considerable, and we shall have no sludge to deal with. Effluent from Precipitation Tank. Effluent from Bacterial Filter. Parts per 100,000. Total Solids in Solution 129.0 847 Solids in Suspension 1.50 Traces Chlorine 10.65 7.5 Free Ammonia 2.55 1.15 Albuminoid .165 .075 Oxygen absorbed .84 .54 Appearance Cloudy Clear Smell Slight None Nitrates Trace Abundant 21 The presence of large quantities of nitrates indicates that the organic matter has been oxidized and rendered harmless. WATER SUPPLY. I took samples of water from three different points during the year, viz.: top of Acton Hill, South Acton and East Acton. |
96eed671-3532-402e-9fd9-ae160c33e657 | The samples were collected in specially prepared Winchester quarts and Sterile tubes, and submitted to a thorough chemical and Bacteriological examination with satisfactory results. Many of the ratepayers display extraordinary indifference as to the importance of the periodical cleansing of their water cisterns. I have repeatedly urged the importance of taking the drinking water from a draw off tap straight from the rising main. And once again I warn the ratepayers against using domestic filters containing charcoal, which gives off phospate of lime, and so forms food pabulum for microbes. I am aware that in many of the older houses the water cisterns are placed in a position that renders it very difficult to properly cleanse them, viz.: under the ceilings in the scullery, and where they are exposed to warmth and pollution. Whenever such cases come under my notice I endeavour to get this serious sanitary defect remedied. There are, I believe, few cisterns in the district now that have not properlyfitting covers. |
50d82ac9-bb88-4d24-b102-c58bdde3d0a5 | DWELLINGS. The district still continues to be built upon very rapidly. A large estate in the North of the Parish has lately been developed. Several other estates have been opened up. These are :β Acton Wells Estate, near Willesden. SoUthfield Park Estate, off Southfield Road. And Carlton Road Estate. 22 The Housing of the Working Classes is perhaps one of the greatest public health problems we have to face ; this matter is now engaging your earnest attention. No less than 679 houses were inspected by officers of the Council and myself during the year; and all buildings are now under the strict supervision of a competent building Inspector. PUBLIC BATHS. Public Baths will shortly be in evidence, and they are as necessary to every town or district as is a system of drainage. |
26403e32-0005-4796-8ed9-556f282044c2 | Our grand-children will look back with horror at the insanitary nineteenth century, in which, although lecturers were continually priding themselves on the advance in Sanitary Science, Local Authorities were not compelled to provide facilities for the furtherance of public health. THE MORTUARY. A new Mortuary has been built, situated at the rear of the Fire Station. It is lined with glazed bricks, well ventilated, fitted with three tables and every convenience. During the year 29 inquests were held, and 20 post mortem examinations performed. FACTORIES AND WORKSHOPS. I personally made an inspection of several Laundries during the year. the following is the ANNUAL REPORT of MAURICE W. KINCH, Cert. San. Inspector, Chief Sanitary Inspector, For the year ended December, 1900. 25 SANITARY INSPECTOR'S REPORT. |
306e726d-c6e6-481e-9f18-a69da10d4043 | The following Tabulated List gives particulars of Nuisances dealt with:β Nuisances reported 1.398 ,, abated 1,204 Letters written 582 ,, received 405 Notices from H.M. |
a27ee3c4-7ec5-4018-b588-0d6426799c6c | Factory Inspector 4 Library Books destroyed 9 Schools inspected 22 Van Dwellings inspected 13 Drains defective 53 β stopped 27 β want of ventilation to 24 Soil Pipes defective 7 β ,, want of ventilation to 7 β β ventilators defective 27 Water closets defective 93 β β want of ventilation to 2 ,, β foul 10 β β stopped 12 β ,, want of water supply to 9 β β inefficient flush to 28 Waste preventers defective 80 β β want of 15 Stop sinks defective 11 β ,, connected directly to drain 11 β want of 2 β β defective waste pipes to 7 26 Yards dirty 12 β defective paving of 49 β want of paving to 42 Stables, defective flooring of 14 Obstructive Buildings 3 Gullies defective 72 β want of 90 β defective cement work around 16 β stopped 3 R.W.P. |
d8e05d51-1053-47f7-8012-9a055fd569b4 | 's connected directly to drain 255 β defective 19 β want of 5 Eaves Guttering defective 9 β β want of 16 Lavatory waste pipes defective 3 β β β connected directly to drain 2 Baths Waste Pipes defective 1 β β β connected directly to drain 2 Urinals defective 4 β β connected directly to drain 3 β β want of water supply to 1 Floors defective 29 , want of ventilation to 7 Walls and Ceilings dirty 33 damp 8 β β β 23 Cellars, water in defective plastering of 1 Cisterns dirty 2 β defective 4 Roofs leaky 11 Manholes, want of 5 β defective 10 Fresh Air Inlets, want of 8 β β defective 2 Disconnecting Traps, want of 1 β β defectively fixed 4 27 Manure Pits, want of 16 β β defective 9 Ash Pits, defective 102 β want of 28 Manure and Rubbish, |
562229e8-3160-495d-a80b-043ce77f8499 | accumulations of 8 Priory Pits defective 6 Cesspools requiring emptying 6 Water, leakage of 4 Poultry kept so as, etc. 9 Animals β β 7 Chimneys emitting black smoke 3 Workshops requiring limewashing 2 Bakehouses β β 1 Miscellaneous 13 Total 1,398 A great deal of work has been done in connection with the abatement of these nuisances, and a large proportion of your Inspector's time is taken up by the superintendence of this work, but it is pleasing to report that there is a great improvement in the character of the work done. |
880ad52d-02ca-4255-8d5e-517e0a393880 | Systematic Inspection.βDuring the year there were 679 premises inspected, and 609 re-inspections of nuisances in course of abatement ; 298 visits were paid to infected houses, 178 rooms disinfected, also 17 closets where cases of Enteric Fever were notified, in addition to the ordinary inspections of Cowsheds, Dairies and Milkshops, Bakehouses, Slaughter Houses, Piggeries, and the Common Lodging House. Drainage Examinations.βThe smoke test has been applied to 83 drains, and over 96 per cent, of them were found to be defective in some particular. Workshops.βThree Workshops with insufficient sanitary accommodation were provided with additional and efficient water closets. 28 Houses Closed.βOne house, viz.: Swiss Cottage, in the Steyne, was closed by the owner without an Order having to be obtained. |
f685a85f-22ba-43e2-ba51-e4e621d12406 | Notices.βTwenty-three Statutory Notices have been served for the abatement of nuisances, and the necessary work demanded was carried out without having to take proceedings before the Magistrates. Cowsheds, Dairies and Milk Shops.βIn October Notice was given in the Local Paper requesting Cow-keepers, Dairymen, and Purveyors of Milk to be registered under the Dairies and Cowsheds Orders, 1885 and 1886. Sixty-five applied, 61 of which were registered, and the other 4 are bringing their premises up to the requirements of the Medical Officer of Health, and will be registered in due course. There are 6 Cowsheds, 21 Dairies, and 38 Purveyors of Milk, viz.: Register of Dairymen, Cowkeepers, and Purveyors of Milk. William Morris Louisa Poffley Richard Folding William Tratt Jane Franks Messrs. |
8b667736-4e76-4bee-a272-41628250c082 | Bull & Sons William Gostilow William Collin William J. Portch William R. Morgan F. & W. Cook Geo. Brown. Ernest Seaton Richard Folding J. F. Ealand Lewis Smith John Morgan Messrs. J. Wollard & Sons Messrs. Kellett & Firth Messrs. Bull & Sons Wm. Collin Ed. C. Johnson Jane Franks Messrs. The Callow Park Dairy 8, Enfield Road 20, β 13, Acton Lane 2, Child's Cottages 5, Leamington Terrace 15, Churchfield Road 278, High Street 235, 17, Avenue Road 34, Park Road N. |
5b013bcb-923f-49e3-a2b3-19493bc99347 | 1, Stanley Road 19, Bollo Bridge Road 47, Kings wood Road 13, Acton Lane 606, Chiswick High Road 167, Acton Lane 8i, Willock Road 13, High Street 3, Uxbridge Terrace 15, Churchfield Road 71, Churchfield Road 1, Station Parade <5, Leamington Terrace 30, Church Road Cowkeeper. β β β β β Dairyman. β β β β β β β β β β β β β β β β β 29 Register of Dairymen, Cowkeepers, and Purveyors of Milkβ(Continued). James Hooper Charles Henry Arnold VVm. H. Preston Messrs. Hill & Tampin Eleanor Bruce J. Beauchamp & Sons Florence Rands Mary Boland Sarah J. Walkey William J. Rowe John Hargraves James Brewer Charles Day Geo. |
19642905-37c2-4343-8529-2d1d9fdb5cf1 | Ferguson Emily Cook J. C. Wissemann Charles Smith James Wright Wm. Wharton John Knight Helen Aris Margaret Lodge Laura Seeley Isabella Travers Sarah Barnes Thomas A. Hunt Hy. Day James Jaggs John Bradley Sarah Heath Caroline Cole Geo. Hy. Wade Win. A. Harris Geo. Hy. Wade Edward Pullen Frederick Shelley Wm. Honeybun Wm. |
be6c5091-ea74-4a68-9110-51ab610b1382 | Bell Ada Pritchard Ann Bristow Charles R. Clarke 68, Church Road 44, Cunnington Street 38, Shakespeare Road 233, High Street 219, β 160β 163, β 33, Park Road E I, Holland Terrace 42, Osborne Road 34, Hanbury Road 213, Bollo Lane 92, Bollo Bridge Road 71 β I, Stanley Road 23, Bollo Bridge Road 13, Junction Road 105, Colville Road 30, Stirling Road 26, Antrobus Road 28, Cunnington Street 600, Chiswick High Road. 30, Beaconsfield Road 16, Berrymede Road 183, Acton Lane 33A, Somerset Road β 242, Acton Lane 267, β 273, β 1, Oxford Terrace 2, Oxford Terrace 2, Petersfield Road 37, Gloucester Road 30, Gloucester Road 53. |
cf8d9fad-a1f9-4e62-8e9a-94209aae2d9b | High Street 17, High Street 4, Vale Terrace 1, Vale Terrace 32, Stanley Gardens 22, The Parade 2, Grafton Parade Dairyman. β β Purveyor of Milk. β β β β β β β β β β β β β β β β β β β β β β β β β β β β β β β β β β β β These have been regularly inspected, 78 visits having been paid to the Cowsheds, and 236 to the Dairies and Milk-shops. 30 Bakehouses.βThere are 23 registered bakehouses, viz. :β Messrs. Hill & Tampin Joseph Soddy Messrs. J. Beauchamp & Sons James Saville James Birdseye Henry W. Jones Henry D. Hubbard William Henry Richards John Hargraves Charles Day J. C. Wissemann Henry William Elbel William Baker William M. Pelling Messrs. |
b1f5beb5-1eaa-4633-81c6-f77a103fb6ef | H. W. Neville William J. Bennett Messrs. Sampson & Co. William J. Bennett George Clogg Frederick Weitzell George Banham Elizabeth Eastham 233, High Street 191, β β l6o, β ,, 63, Church Road 3, Mill Hill Road 49, Park Road North 28, Park Road East 37, Osborne Road 64. β 92, Bollo Bridge Road 23, β β 17, β it 127, Acton Lane 179β 70 Fielding Road Acton Lane 41, High Street 4, Uxbridge Terrace 1, Churchfield Road 26, β β 43, β β 9, Market Place 7, Leamington Terrace them. These have been regularly inspected, 92 visits having been paid Slaughter Houses and Butchers' Shops.βThe four following slaughter houses have been regularly inspected, 48 visits having been paid to them. No unsound meat was found. |
9780a543-c1a2-4a5d-8881-eac863deea2e | Arthur Phillips Geo. Morris J. Wm. Laws Ed. Dalton Rear of 50, Hanbury Road. Rear of 8, Enfield Road. Rear of 112, Bollo Bridge Road. Rear of 7, Churchfield Road. Piggeries.βI beg to report that there are 10 piggeries in the district, as follows :β John Hotten. Ed. Frances James Pearce Thomas Bosher William Baggs James Bosher Geo. Morris Arthur Philips Geo. Morris J. Wm. Lawes Old Oak Lane, East Acton β β β β β β β β β β β β β β β β β β 50, Hanbury Road 8, Enfield Road 112, Bollo Bridge Road 31 These have been visited 96 times, and were generally found to be in as cleanly a state as is possible under the conditions. |
3a6aca83-69b7-4cbb-a7ce-adc3039f6e0e | Offensive Trades.βAt Old Oak Lane, East Acton, the pig-keepers boil daily a considerable quantity of offal for the pigs. This at times is very offensive, but I do not think it can be classified as an offensive trade. Common Lodging House.βThe common lodging house kept by Alice Rosina Gee, 20, Shaftesbury Road, has been inspected 11 times, and was always found to be satisfactory. Smoke Abatement.βSeventeen observations of Works' Chimneys were taken during the year. One of these chimneys gave considerable annoyance to occupiers in the immediate vicinity. The owner was written to on the matter, and the nuisance was considerably abated. Food and Drugs' Acts.βSamples for Analysis under the Food and Drugs' Acts are taken by Mr. W. Tyler, the Inspector, Brentford. No return as to the number of samples taken and the result of the analysis is supplied to the Council. |
8dc3739a-2dfc-424a-82d9-c101451537bc | During the year I seized :β 2 cases of oranges. 3 barrels of fish. 2 boxes of rabbits. which I took before a Justice and were duly condemned. MAURICE W. KINCH. |
a5c1907d-b858-4be5-8af1-3d8d81a47019 | THE Urban District council of Action. ANNUAL REPORT of the Medical Officer of Health FOR THE YEAR 1901. by G. A. GARRY SIMPSON, M.R.C.S., L.S.A, Fellow of the Royal Institute of Public Health, Medical Officer of Health, Acton, W. ACTON: Public Health Department, Gothic Villa, Mill Hill Grove. 1902. THE Urban District Council of Acton. ANNUAL REPORT of the Medical Officer of Health for the YEAR 1 9 0 1. by G. A. GARRY SIMPSON, M.R.C.S., L.S.A., Fellow of the Royal Institute of Public Health, Medical Officer of Health, Acton, IV. acton: Public Health Department, Gothic Villa, Mill Hill Grove. 1902. |
db91e669-d1cb-4aef-8e74-bc7c500cc0a2 | The Urban District Council of Action ANNUAL REPORT OF THE MEDICAL OFFICER for the year ending 31st december, 1901 To the Chairman and Members of the Acton District Council. Gentlemen, I BEG to submit to you my Annual Report on the Health and Sanitary Condition of Acton during 1901. The general Death Rate is again satisfactory. We enjoyed a remarkable immunity, compared with other districts, from the more important Infectious Diseases, and with the exception of the Infant Mortality, which I regret to say is again high, the health of the district was above the average. I have again, as in previous years, made suggestions for diminishing the number of deaths of children under one year of age, but we have a very difficult task, owing to the mothers leaving their offspring to the care of others during their absence at the Laundries. |
1e7c8a5b-5e84-4c69-89c2-2704770d3915 | I beg to draw your attention to my remarks on Consumption, and trust you will see your way clear to follow the course I have suggested. The purchase of the Friars Estate for an Isolation Hospital is a matter for sincere congratulation, and in my opinion the site is a good one. I have repeatedly pointed out for some years the great need for such an Institution, and how much suffering, anxiety, and danger is caused by having no means of Isolating cases of Infectious Disease. 4 In my tables dealing with Vital Statistics you will notice how rapidly the district is opening out, and, with the improved methods of locomotion, is likely to still further develop in the near future. The works in connection with the Bacterial treatment of our Sewage are near completion, and this instalation will be a great saving to the ratepayers. I beg to draw your attention once again to the need of a Destructor Furnace for dealing with the dust-bin and other refuse of the district. |
7ea50b43-1b3b-4465-a4a9-f44de144cdfb | Another matter of great importance, and which I trust will immediately engage your attention, is the great need of sanitary conveniences in the centre of the town. The Sanitary Department is now on a sure footing. We have an excellent office and meet every morning at 9-30 to go through the work of the day, and although urgent matters are attended to at any time, Sundays included, yet we prefer all complaints to be brought to our department, in Mill Hill Grove, at the above specified time. I have received valuable help from Messrs. Kinch and Fraser, Sanitary Inspectors, Nurse Dawkins, and all others connected with my department. I take this opportunity of thanking the Chairman and Members of the District Council for their kind co-operation. I am, Gentlemen, Your obedient servant, G. A. GARRY SIMPSON, Medical Officer of Health. 5 WARD BOUNDARIES. |
36e24b36-c9c8-4af6-9323-53b5a7d0b91a | The district is conveniently divided into three Wards, and as the boundaries have not been previously described in these reports, I find it convenient to do do so on this occasion:β North Ward.βAll north of centre of High Street. West Ward.βSouth of centre of High Street, from Birch Grove to Railway Bridge, High Street, and west of centre of North London Railway, from Railway Bridge, High Street, to Bollo Lane. East Ward.βSouth of centre of Uxbridge Road, from Railway Bridge, High Street, to Wilton Road, and east of North London Railway, from Railway Bridge, High Street, to Bollo Lane. VITAL STATISTICS. The following table gives the Vital Statistics of the whole District during 1901 and previous years:β VITAL STATISTICS OF WHOLE DISTRICT DURING 1901 AND PREVIOUS YEARS. Year. Popultion estimated to Middle of each Year. Births. Total Deaths Registered in the District. |
1ea10998-8e84-4e2d-8503-73256a5ed61d | Total Deaths in Public Institutions in the District. Deaths of Non-residents registered in Public Institutions in the District. Deaths of Residents registered in Public Institutions beyond the District. Nett Deaths at all Ages belonging to the District. Number. Rate.* Under 1 Year of Age. At all Ages. Number. Rate per 1,000 Births registered. Number. Rate.* Number. Rate.* 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 1891. 24,207 772 31.9 113 146 394 16.2 19 413 17.0 1892. 25,000 763 30.5 141 185 401 16.4 24 425 17.0 1893. |
5d02165c-4f76-4cf0-95d2-ee1eb96e00a5 | 26,000 831 31.9 l60 192 451 17.3 35 486 18.6 1894. 27,600 834 30.2 133 159 368 13.3 25 393 14.2 1895. 27,648 874 31.6 147 168.1 445 16.1 33 478 17.2 1896. 29,454 894 30.3 151 168.9 435 14.7 29 464 15.7 1897. 31.632 973 30.7 193 198.3 470 14.8 33 503 15.9 1898. 32.562 995 30.5 181 181.9 507 15.5 10 517 15.8 1899. |
e8d5352f-15da-449e-9686-ce5d8c571a64 | 33.684 1,068 31.7 200 187.2 β 509 15.1 1900. 38,406 1,080 28.1 182 168.5 513 13.3 15 528 13.7 Averages for years 1891-1900 29,619 908 30.7 160 175.4 442 15.3 23 471 16.0 1901. * 37.744 1,211 32.0 206 170.1 519 13.7 * Rates in Columns 4, 8, and 13 calculated per 1,000 of estimated population. *Total population as per Census 1901. All ages, 37,744. Number of inhabited houses, 6,114. Average number of persons per house, 6.1. |
f53ea3df-8f8a-4110-8d06-d9341bd5012e | Area of District in Acres (exclusive of area covered by water) 2,304. 6 7 Population.βThe population according to the census of 1901 was 37,744. The following table shows the number of the population and the inhabited houses at the five preceding censuses:β Year. Inhabited Houses. Population. 1861 610 3,151 1871 1,568 8,306 1881 2,844 17,110 1891 4,084 24,207 1901 6,114 37,744 The increase of population by excess of births over deaths during the year amounted to 692, as against 552 in 1900. Birth Rate.βDuring the year 1901 there were 1,211 births registered. The birth rate per 1,000 persons living was 32.0. The London birth rate was 28.0. |
5c1dcc06-6f40-4ffb-adca-d9af066ad665 | The following table shows the births since 1890:β Year. Number of Births, 1890 704 1891 772 1892 763 1893 831 1894 834 1895 874 1896 894 1897 973 1898 995 1899 1,068 1900 1,080 1901 1,211 DEATH RATE. General Mortality.βThere were 519 deaths registered. The recorded general death rate was 13 7 per 1,000 of the population. The London death rate was 18.3 per 1,000. |
471edb15-dc12-405a-b631-ea1508ad8959 | The death rates for the preceding five years are as follows:β 1897 15.9 1898 15.8 1899 15.1 1900 13.7 1901 13.7 The following table gives the causes of, and ages at, death during the year 1901:β 8 CAUSES OF, AND AGES AT, DEATH During Year 1901. Causes of Death. deaths in whole district at subjoined ages. deaths in localities (at all ages). Deaths in Public Institutions in Dis. All ages. Under 1 year z and under 5 5 and under 15 15 and under 25 25 and under 65 65 and upwards Acton South Acton Acton Green East Acton Bedford Park Willesden Scarlet fever 2 - 1 1 - - - - 1 1 - - - - Whoopingcough 16 8 7 - - _ 5 |
f407f97d-7c2f-40b9-a14c-27a17a377e84 | 7 1 3 - - Diptheria & membranous croup 6 4 2 - - - 1 3 1 - - 1 - Fever:β Enteric 1 - - - - - - - -- - - - - - Epidemic Influenza 8 2 - - 1 4 1 5 1 2 _ - - - Diarrhoea 69 62 4 β β β 3 21 26 17 I 1 3 β Enteritis 10 9 - 1 β β - 3 6 1 β β - β Erisipelas 3 1 β β β 1 1 1 β 1 β 1 β β Other septic diseases 2 1 - - 1 - - 1 - - 1 - - - Phthisis 35 5 I 0 4 23 2 18 7 7 β 3 β β Other cular |
9203ee6d-95e1-4a0d-8a5e-9d394373caa6 | diseases 9 5 3 1 β β β 3 3 3 β β β β Cancer, malignant 16 disease 29 β β 1 β 16 12 7 4 1 β β 1 Bronchitis 47 17 5 I β 12 12 9 18 12 2 3 3 β Pneumonia 36 9 12 3 β 9 3 18 13 4 β 1 - β Pleurisy Other 1 - - - - 1 - - - - - - - 1 diseases of Respiratory organs 1 β β β β 1 β 1 - - - - - - Alcoholism β’ Cirrhosis of liver 5 - - - - 3 2 2 1 1 - 1 - - Premature birth 27 27 - - - - - 12 5 7 2 1 β β Diseases and accidents of parturition 4 β β |
47032488-1398-4afb-8846-7c0d5037aba0 | β β 4 β 2 β 1 I β β β Heart diseases 40 3 β 1 β 27 9 12 13 9 2 2 β 2 Accidents 17 6 β 5 β 4 2 6 3 4 1 1 β 2 Suicides 1 β β - 1 - β 1 - - β β β - All other causes 150 51 7 4 1 19 68 75 22 36 5 9 3 β All causes 519 206 44 20 9 125 115 212 136 112 15 28 10 6 In the following table the death-rate and Zymotic death-rate are so arranged that comparison can be made for the last fourteen years:β 1888 1889 1890 1891 1892 I893 1894 1895 1896 1897 1898 1899 |
c6943e84-1c54-4f73-8b9f-70cd83dd8131 | 1900 1901 Small Pox β β β β β β β β β β β β β β Measles 1 25 11 9 24 2 15 6 24 2 6 β 16 β Scarlet Fever 2 1 3 4 β 10 3 3 1 β 3 2 6 2 Diptheria 2 8 7 2 4 2 5 5 8 28 8 7 4 6 Whooping Cough 9 13 3 6 25 5 17 5 21 β 10 14 4 16 Typhoid Fever β 1 1 β 3 4 2 2 2 2 β 7 4 1 Diarrhoea and Dysentery 10 12 18 24 34 60 17 44 37 80 50 56 50 69 Puerperal Fever |
172537c0-8665-406d-896d-afd42a1a141f | β β β β 1 6 4 2 β β 1 0 1 β Total number of deaths from Zymotic Diseases 24 60 43 45 91 89 63 67 93 130 78 86 85 94 Deaths from other causes 282 377 298 368 334 396 330 411 371 373 439 423 443 425 Total deaths 306 437 341 413 425 486 393 478 464 503 517 509 528 519 Death-rate from 7 Zymotic Diseases per thousand 1.9 2.8 1.9 1.8 3.6 3.4 2.2 2.4 3.1 4.1 2.3 2.5 2.2 2.4 Death-rate from other causes per thousand 12.9 16.1 12.0 15. |
db5fbdf4-e766-45bc-83a4-d177b6139f68 | 3 13.4 15.2 12 14.8 12.6 11.8 I3.5 12.6 11.5 11.3 General Death-rate per thousand 13.99 18.9 13.9 17.1 17 18.6 14.2 17.2 15.7 15.9 15.8 15.1 13.7 13.7 10 INFANTILE MORTALITY. There were 206 deaths registered of Infants under 1 year of age as against 1211 births; the proportion which the deaths under one year of age bear to 1,000 births is therefore 170.1 as against 168.5 in the preceding year. The following table compares the death-rate of children under one year per 1,000 registered births, and the birth-rate for the last fifteen years:β Deaths of Children under One Year, Per Thousand Registered Births. |
a6147af3-b1c4-40d2-9ab5-af796e1108d2 | Birth-rate per Thousand. 1887 28.7 147 1888 31.1 182 1889 34.1 175 1890 28.3 151 1891 30.8 146 1892 30.5 185 1893 31.9 192.5 1894 30.2 160.6 189S 31.6 168.1 1896 30.3 168.9 1897 30.7 198.3 1898 30.5 181.9 1899 30.7 187.2 1900 28.1 168.5 1901 32.0 179.1 Districts with a large, poor population invariably have a high infant mortality, which swells the general death-rate. |
fb1c4ad0-4660-4e42-8a31-04c2bd40c089 | If we deduct the deaths of children under one year of age, our death-rate for 1901 works out at only 8.3 per 1,006 of the population. (; The main causes of our infant mortality are:β 1. Epidemic Diarrhoea. 2. Premature Birth. 3. Overlying. 4. Improper Feeding. 11 (i) Epidemic Diarrhoea was most prevalent during the months of July, August, and September. It was highly infectious, as one found it attacking one member of a family after another. It is also a fact that this summer diarrhcea appears regularly, year after year, in an epidemic form, and that it presents the same symptoms in each individual, and there must be a common cause for it. More than 140 years ago Dr. |
9ef4362f-ff0c-4265-8fab-283c781b621a | Cullen wrote concerning the disease, "that it arises in summer and autumn after great heat has prevailed, and especially after very dry states of the weather," and he further says "that the effluvia from putrid animal substances readily affect the alimentary canal, and occasion upon some persons a diarrhcea." I think there are four main channels in which these putrid emanations can reach us byβMilk, Water, Air, Insects. Milk if used unboiled may undergo decomposition, and will cause diarrhcea, especially in the young. We know that milk drawn from a cow in the morning will often during the hot summer months be quite "turned" by the afternoon, and milk in such a state will set up diarrhcea in some people whether young or old. If the milk is boiled, it will keep much longer, but unless precautions are used in the storing of it, the danger will not be very much lessened. |
f62cbe2b-5b63-4b20-ac04-177a2d60278a | After being boiled, the milk should be kept in a closed vessel and in a cool place, for if it is kept uncovered the dust, which is loaded with putrefactive germs, will fall into it. Dirty feeding-bottles and teats are also undoubtedly often a cause of diarrhcea in infants that are bottle-fed. Water.βDrinking water may be a cause of summer diarrhcea. During the hot summer months putrefactive changes are taking place all along our water courses ; the banks of the reservoirs and streams are lined with vegetation, much of which is often in a state of active putrescence. The putrefactive gases are held in solution by the water, and are not removed by filtration, and if oxidation is not complete, the drinking of such water may cause diarrhcea. 12 Air.βDuring the hot summer months organic matter rapidly undergoes decomposition. The streets are also more or less covered with a layer of dust. |
c83b5492-e471-4c80-9b9d-ee420156ca1e | This dust is composed of all manner of refuse in a state of active putrescence, one of the chief constituents being the pulverized droppings of horses and cattle. This dust is taken into the lungs of old and young, and settles on all exposed food. Insects.βDuring the summer months our living rooms are close and warm, and the open windows admit large numbers of insects which have often come direct from feeding on the filthiest of decayed and decaying matter. The legs and bodies of the insects are covered with small particles of the filthy stuff, which they convey to our food. (2) Premature Birth.βOur chief industry is to a great extent responsible for the large number of premature births; the long hours of standing at the wash tub has a tendency to induce premature confinement. (3) Overlying.βIs gross carelessness. In Germany and other Countries it is made a penal offence to have a young infant in bed with its parents. |
a3e2092a-a78c-4a3a-abc1-a9b86b16c435 | A suitable cot can be made for a few pence out of an orange box, or similar receptacle. It is a significant fact that nearly all the deaths from overlying take place between Saturday and Sunday. This is accounted for by the fact that the wife has to do her weekly shopping on Saturday night, and goes to bed late and tired out with her week's work. (4) Improper Feeding.βEvery parent on registering a birth is given full instructions as to the quantity and suitable food to give a child brought up by hand. In this district the mothers are at work the greater part of the day at the laundries, and the infants are left to the care of young girls or ignorant persons with the most rudimentary knowledge of infant feeding. 13 The remedy, which I have before suggested, is to establish a Creche, where for a small fee the infants could be looked after and properly fed. |
b4d24989-e944-4627-ab8d-17ba8cb64f22 | A leaflet giving instructions as to the importance of boiling the milk, and the storage of food, is widely circulated during the summer months. In the houses of the poorer class the household food is put in a cupboard, or simply exposed in the dwelling, or it may be a sleeping room ; in such cases as these contamination of the food is almost certain to take place. PHTHISIS OR CONSUMPTION. Thirty-five deaths were caused by Phthisis, and nine by other Tubecular Diseases. I attended the Congress on Tuberculosis, held in London last Summer, and shortly afterwards wrote the following leaflet, which has been widely circulated. PRECAUTIONS AGAINST CONSUMPTION. (i.e. tuberculosis of the lungs.) Leaflet issued by the Acton District Council. Consumption (with other forms of Tuberculosis) causes one death in every eight in this country, and gives rise to a vast amount of suffering, often long continued. |
ba8d1543-9b08-4e3c-87f3-61d4fe82597c | Consumption is to a large extent a preventable disease, and might be almost or entirely exterminated if the nature, causes, and means of prevention were generally known, and if the measures required for this purpose were thoroughly and systematically carried out. 14 The disease is caused by germs or microbes called "tubercle bacilli;" these bacilli are so small that they can only be seen with the most powerful microscopes, and many thousands may be crowded in a few drops of expectoration from the lungs of those suffering from Consumption. Whatever lowers the strength or the vitality predisposes towards the disease. Persons who live in damp, dirty, ill-ventilated, over-crowded and badly lighted houses. Intemperance, repeated colds, unwholesome and insufficient food, attacks of measles, whooping cough and typhoid fever. From a patient suffering from Consumption the germs are given off in the expectoration or phlegm. |
bc529c33-b7a5-4442-b84d-ae0f73aafe4a | Where this expectoration or spit lodges, it dries, and afterwards gets lifted up as dust into the air, the germ thereby reaches the lungs of others. For the above reason Consumptive patients should never expectorate on the floors of a house, public conveyance, or into a handkerchief, but either into pieces of rag or paper, which should be at once burned, or into a spittoon or small portable spit bottle containing a little water. The spittoon or bottle should be carefully emptied down the w.c. every morning and evening, then scalded and re-charged with fresh water. A Consumptive patient should, if possible, occupy a separate room, which should be supplied with plenty of fresh air and open to sunlight, both of which tend to destroy the germs. No Consumptive patient should give suck. No Consumptive patient should kiss the lips of another person. |
2a96418d-3c9b-4b00-ae0e-8e46447e8b99 | All knives, forks, spoons, and cups used by Consumptive patients should be boiled for at least two minutes. 15 On a Consumptive person ceasing to occupy a room, this will be disinfected free of charge, if application is made to the Sanitary Inspector at his Office, Gothic Villa, Mill Hill Grove. In cleansing rooms used by Consumptive patients, all dirt and dust should be removed by damp dusters, which should afterwards be boiled. Any dust from such rooms is liable to contain the living germs of the disease. The milk from Consumptive Cows may contain the germ, and it is dangerous to drink unboiled milk. If the above precantions are carried out a Consumptive patient need not be a source of danger to anyone, and he will at the same time materially improve the prospects of his recovery. Medical Officer of Health. |
8d335dbc-22bb-4a6a-8d7f-f36965437950 | Public Health Department, Gothic Villa, Mill Hill Grove, Acton, W. I think it imperative that every Sanitary Authority should take active steps with a view of diminishing the suffering and death from tuberculosis, and I beg to offer the following suggestions, which I trust will meet with your approval and consent:β 1. That medical practitioners be requested to give voluntary notification (with the consent of the parent, or those in charge of the patient) of any case of consumption which may come under their notice. 2. That the fees paid for such notification be the same as those paid under the Infectious Diseases Notification Act. 3. The Medical Officer of Health to visit the case with a view of inspecting the surroundings of the patient, the conditions of work, &c., and the detection and removal of conditions likely to promote the disease. 16 4. Verbal advice will be given, and written instructions left at the house. 5. |
f8176cd9-11b1-4f6b-a174-7ea1df8b7c9a | An offer will be made, free of all charge, to perform any necessary disinfection of rooms, bedding, &c. 6. The house will be visited from time to time in order to see if the necessary precautions are being observed to prevent the spread of the disease. 7. Arrangements will be made by the Medical Officer to examine, without fee, specimens of sputum from persons the nature of whose illness is dubious, in order to bring about a prompt diagnosis of the disease. WHOOPING COUGH. There were sixteen deaths from Whooping Cough. The lax way in which parents allow the little patients to mix with other children is the cause of the disease spreading, for it is so notoriously contagious that the most rigid isolation should be insisted upon. Whooping Cough is a serious affection, and with its frequent complica tionβbroncho-pneumoniaβa very fatal disease. I purpose shortly to bring out a leaflet on this disease. SMALL POX. |
bd75b749-1dae-47a9-a845-556e0dc1b4f4 | There was one case of Small Pox notified during the year; a nursemaid who contracted the disease in Paddington. She was promptly removed to the South Mimms Hospital. The outbreak of Small Pox in London is disquieting, but if the public will avail themselves of the protecting power of re-vaccination they need have little alarm. 17 I find many anti-vaccinists are converted by being told in simple language what vaccination really means. I tell them how in prevaccination days cows suffered from a disease called Cow Pox, which showed itself by vesicles or blisters on the udder or teat of the cow, how Dr. Jenner came along and took some of the fluid from the vesicle and injected it into the arms of a few people, and how these people after a few days also got vesicles on their arms. Then Dr. |
672d34ce-a56d-4856-9978-3373b18f8a62 | Jenner tried to inoculate these same people with Small Pox, and he found they would not take Small Pox, so he found that Cow Pox was a preventative against Small Pox. Small Pox in its natural state is one of the most loathsome, disfiguring, and fatal diseases in the world. Not only so, but it is very infectious, and may be caught in a multitude of ways of which most people take no account. The only trustworthy protection is a com paratively recent vaccination, which not only modifies very greatly the severity of an attack, robbing the disease of half its terrors, but, in the vast majority of cases, wards off an attack altogether. Under ordinary circumstances re-vaccination should be done between the ages of 10 and 15 years; but there being now immediate danger of Small Pox, it would be well that all persons over 7 years of age who have not already been re-vaccinated should have this operation performed without delay. |
16c870a3-dcf0-47ad-886f-6d9fd8bf98c3 | "Of 2,198 persons employed at the Small Pox Hospitals between 1884 and 1900 inclusive, only 17 persons contracted Small Pox, of whom 13 were not re-vaccinated until after they had joined the ship, and four were workmen who escaped medical observation." And again:β"Not one of the staff of the Hospital Ships has ever died of Small Pox, not one has ever suffered from the disease for the past eight years." It is only necessary to add that these facts are only novel in the sense that they relate to the new epidemic. Exactly similar facts have characterised every previous epidemic. 18 PLAGUE. During June a Conference took place between a Local Government Inspector, the Chairman of the Council, the Clerk, and myself, with a view of ascertaining how far we were prepared to deal with cases of Plague, should any cases crop up in the district. |
c914041b-e763-403f-a9bc-4fef17efc049 | It was feared that the return of so many soldiers from South Africa might be a means of importing the disease to England. The following points were discussed and arranged:β 1. The disease to be made notifiable under the Infectious Diseases Notification Act. This was done, and all Medical Practitioners notified to this effect. 2. In the event of any doubt as to diagnosis, the Local Government Board will send down a Surgeon who has had special experience of the disease in Hong Kong. 3. The cases would be isolated at once. 4. All contacts would be taken charge of in a special House which the District Council have secured. 5. The rooms, &c., would be disinfected by formalin and chlorine. 6. Hafkines Inoculation could be used as a prophylactic for those who come in contact with cases. 7. Visitation of Common Lodging Houses. S. Warn all Hospitals. |
3a87474e-4c6b-4127-bb06-ba8cf6c7c52f | 19 9. Destruction of Rats. Rats are very prone to plague. The first warning that plague is incident may be deaths amongst rats. Plague-infected rats leave their runs, they appear dazed, become seized with convulsions and speedily die. Whether the rat is seized with plague before man and thus infects him, or whether man infects the rat, is a question as yet undecided. Many epidemics are believed to have been traced to rats, yet in other localities, and markedly so in Glasgow, the rats have not been found infected by plague, either before or after the outbreak. It is by the vermin in the rat's coat that infection is probably conveyed to man. The vermin leave the rat soon after the animal dies, and as it is found that the vermin contain the bacilli, the poison may gain entrance to the human body by vermin bites or by the abrasion of skin consequent on the scratching they induce. |
25445121-252e-4900-9317-2cae2a8c8baf | Parasites, such as fleas, bugs, and lice, acquire the bacillus from feeding on plague-sick persons, or they may gather it from clothing, bedding, &c., soiled by excretions. 10. Removal of Nuisances. 11. House to House Visitation. INFECTIOUS DISEASE. The following table gives the cases of Infectious Disease notified during the year 1901, and the total cases notified in each locality:β 26 NOTIFIABLE DISEASE. CASES NOTIFIED IN WHOLE DISTRICT total cases notified in each locality. CASES OF INFECTIOUS DISEASE NOTIFIED DURING The Year 1901. At all ages Under 1 1 to5 5 to 15 15 to 35 25 to 65 65 and upwards Acton South Acton Acton Green East Acton Bedford Park Willesden Small-Pox 1 1 β β 1 _ _ _ |
00875156-b482-4434-b658-0e7d4d53641a | Diptheria 34 β 14 14 2 4 β 11 12 8 β 2 1 Membranous Croup I Erysipelas 26 I I β 4 15 5 7 II 4 1 I 2 Scarlet Fever 82 β 16 45 16 5 β 31 23 16 6 3 3 Enteric Fever 27 β β 8 8 11 β 6 14 5 1 1 β Puerperal Fever I β β β β 1 β β I β β β β Chicken Pox 25 5 12 8 β β β 6 4 10 3 2 β Totals 197 6 43 76 3Β° 37 5 61 66 44 11 9 6 21 The number of cases notified during the year was 172, |
89902702-9222-47aa-83c7-2d9b4c84fc6d | a number that contrasts very favourably with 333 cases notified in 1900. The following table gives the number reported each year since the Act came into force :β 1890 '91 '92 '93 '94 '95 '96 '97 '98 '99 1900 '01 Small Pox β β 13 7 2 β β β β β 2 1 Scarlet Fever 108 63 74 192 86 67 193 93 167 111 243 82 Diphtheria 14 8 27 41 22 32 23 89 35 49 28 34 Membranous Croup 4 β 13 1 β β β 4 β β 1 1 Typhoid Fever 13 13 15 19 15 28 14 10 9 46 29 27 Continued Fever β β β 1 β β β β β β 2 β Puerperal Fever 1 β |
65e86f10-b304-4f26-8203-d7bdfc286f46 | 1 2 1 3 3 β 1 β β 1 Erysipelas 22 18 37 77 41 31 26 25 22 31 28 26 162 102 180 340 167 161 259 221 234 239 333 172 The above table does not include 25 cases of Chicken Pox, which on my recommendation you made a notifiable disease last October. Nearly all other districts have followed our example. Chicken Pox is a disease that somewhat resembles Small Pox in the early stages. We now receive weekly returns of infectious cases from the Local Government Board of all the principal towns in England and Wales, who have adopted the course of notifying every week to the Local Government Board. 22 DISINFECTION AND METHODS TAKEN TO PREVENT THE SPREAD OF INFECTIOUS DISEASE. |
f80a1ad7-162a-42b8-b831-dc0257f8d495 | In my Annual Report of 1899 I drew your attention to the value of Formic Aldehyde as a disinfectant; since then the results of its use have been so praised by Sanitary Authorities that I have finally substituted it for sulphurous gas in the disinfection of rooms, &c., and am very pleased with the change. A Lamp is used for generating the Formalin, which consists of three partsβviz., a spirit lamp, an absorbent block, and a container to hold the Formalin fluid. The action is as follows:β The fluid is poured into the container, from whence it percolates on to the absorbent block, under which is placed the spirit lamp. The block when heated vaporizes the Formalin, which after four hours completely disinfects a room, without damage to pictures or metals, permeating at the same time all woollen and other such articles. A thoroughly up-to-date Brougham Ambulance has been provided. |
fe3be1ab-c065-4ae7-97b5-23d7bbc045ad | It has every convenience, and patients can now be removed with the minimum amount of discomfort and danger. SICK NURSING. The Nurses in connection with the Cottage Hospital have had under treatment 337 patients, and paid 7,926 visits. An average of 23 to each patient. I can but speak in the highest praise of the excellent work done by these ladies, which undoubtedly helps to keep down our death rate. 23 Nurse Dawkins has paid 1,901 visits, and nursed patients when necessary. She has given out 1,056 bottles of disinfectants, and taken six patients to different hospitals. . DRAINAGE AND SEWAGE DISPOSAL. |
dac046d5-012c-44ce-a2b0-425480e1ca16 | The Bacterial treatment of a portion of the Sewage delivered to the Sewage Works by means of an open septic tank, followed by continuous filtration, having proved successful, the Council undertook to treat the whole of the Sewage in this manner, but instead of delivering the effluent from the septic tank to the filters by a revolving filter actuated by a pulsometer, they decided to deliver it by gravitation. During the year the new filters have been prepared and will soon be at work. The work has taken a considerable time to carry out, principally on account of the difficulty of obtaining suitable material for the filters, though the work was impeded by the necessity of carrying on the existing chemical treatment of the Sewage while alterations were being made to tanks, &c. It is hoped that the new installation will be at work at the beginning of the next financial year. DRAINAGE. Sewers have been laid by owners of land in the following roads:β Length. |
425b948a-911e-48a0-a82a-a5334b57b751 | Albert Villas Road, Surface Water Sewer 70 yds. Graham Road, Soil and S.W. Sewers 230 β St. Alban's Avenue, S.W. Sewer 157 Ramillies Road, Soil and S.W. Sewers 630 β Back Way, Mill Hill Grove, Soil Sewer 120 β Bedford Road, Soil and S.W. Sewers 110 β 24 Sewers laid by the Council. Length. Acton Green, 6" Soil Sewer 60 yds. Acton Hill, 9" S.W. Sewer 220 β Mill Hill Road, 9" Soil Sewer 325 β Sewers re-laid by the Council. Length. Chiswick High Road, S.W. Sewer 35 yds. Friars Place Lane, S.W. Sewer 35 β Sewers laid by Contractors for the Council. Length. |
6ecbe01c-067e-4d9d-8313-7392ffb1f7a3 | Braemar Road, S.W. Sewer 20 yds. Rosemont Road, Soil Sewer 900 β Southfield Road, 6" S.W. Sewer 50 β Reconstruction of S.W. Sewer at Sewage Works 100 β DWELLINGS. Considerable amount of building is still going on, and during the year about 450 houses have been erected and inspected by the Building Inspector. Several new roads have been formed and also plans have been passed for the development of several Estates in the West part of Acton. PIGGERIES, SLAUGHTER-HOUSES, AND COW-SHEDS. Four Piggeries have been eliminated from the district. The Slaughter-houses are licensed, and when inspected have been found clean and in good order. The Cow-sheds have been inspected from time to time. 25 REMOVAL OF REFUSE. |
551e6751-0180-4653-ab4f-d8cf23a8ddf2 | About 10,500 tons of House Refuse have been removed during the year. 255 Complaints have been received during the year of non-removal of Dustbin Refuse, which received the immediate attention of the Surveyor. BAKEHOUSES. I have personally visited the bakehouses of the district. According to Section 101, Sub-section 2, of the Factory and Workshops Act, 1901:β "After the first day of January, 1904, an underground bakehouse shall not be used unless certified by the District Council to be suitable for that purpose." Personally from a sanitary point of view, I should like to close all underground bakehouses, but, as so many of these exist in Acton, it would mean practically taking the living away from many hard-working and deserving people. Again, many have invested capital in their business, and it would be obviously very hard on them. |
7f016c65-27e8-47bb-af6c-f9d03eaa4518 | I intend, however, to utilize my power, and exact all I can as regards lighting, ventilation and cleanliness, and unless they comply with my instructions, I shall advise the Council not to grant the required certificates. The following is the Report I have received from Mr. Kinch, Sanitary Inspector. 26 ANNUAL REPORT OF THE SANITARY INSPECTOR, FOR THE YEAR 1901. To Dr. G. A. Garry Simpson, Medical Officer of Health. Sir, I herewith present the Annual Statement, shewing the particulars of the action taken in the suppression of Nuisances, &c., and various improvements effected by this Department during the year 1901. |
6ce9bf15-abb6-4d3c-a8d6-7be9c7d928fe | For the greater part of the year this Department had no separate Office and we were working under many difficulties, but about the end of October we moved across to Gothic Villa, and I am now doing all I can to put the Department into that state of efficiency which is necessary for the effectual carrying out of our duties. Mr. A. W. Fraser, having been appointed Assistant Sanitary Inspector, commenced his duties at the beginning of September. Systematic Inspection, &c.β During the year there were 1,400 Premises inspected. 3,170 Re-inspections of nuisances in course of abatement. 2359 Nuisances were reported. 2128 β abated. 882 Letters written. 742 β received. 73 Notices were received from H.M. Factory Inspector. 2 Library Books were destroyed. 29 Van Dwellings Inspected. 27 166 Visits were paid to infected houses. 23 Infectious patients were removed to hospitals. |
4b68ffc9-dd0b-4c43-bc23-311d27bc8253 | 346 Rooms fumigated. 15 tons of bedding disinfected. 27 Closets disinfected where cases of Enteric Fever were notified, in addition to the ordinary inspections of Cowsheds, Dairies and Milkshops, Bakehouses, Slaughterhouses, Piggeries, and the Common Lodging House, &c. Drainage Examinations.βThe smoke test has been applied to drains 155 times and in addition 31 drains were opened up for examination after formal written complaints had been made, and authority given for that purpose. Workshops.βSix workshops, with insufficient w.c. accommodation, erected suitable w.c's so as to provide separate accommodation for persons of each sex in accordance with Sec. 22, Pub. Health Amend. Act, 1890. Notices.β596 Preliminary Notices and 42 Statutory Notices have been served for the abatement of Nuisances and the necessary works asked for were carried out. |
8b0f2b62-4f21-41a7-8eec-7cf3097e95cb | No Police Court proceedings in respect of Nuisances have been taken before the Magistrates. Dairies, Cowsheds and Milkshops.βThere are now 68 Dairies and Milkshops and 8 Cowkeepers on the Register. Regulations relating to these premises were printed last June, and a copy left with each dairyman and cowkeeper, and the principal clauses pointed out to him. I also send to each every quarter a notice reminding him of the time to whitewash. 131 visits have been paid to the Dairies and Milkshops and 24 visits to the Cowsheds. On the 10th June, Police Court proceedings were successfully taken against a Milkman carrying on business in Bollo Lane, for failing to give the necessary one month's notice to the Council before commencing to occupy the premises as a Dairy. Defendant was fined 10/-and 2/- costs. |
1bc4f6f6-8e8e-4888-bcbc-008bce51d2e2 | 28 Bakehouses.βThe number of Bakehouses on the Register is 23, of which 14 are underground. Notice reminding the occupiers of the time to whitewash is also sent every six months. These have been regularly inspectedβ79 visits having been paid them. Slaughter Houses and Butchers' Shops.β32 visits of inspection were paid to the four Licensed Slaughter-houses, and they were all found in fairly good condition. No unsound meat was found. A notice re the white-washing is also sent to these every quarter. Piggeries.βThirteen piggeries still exist in the District, viz.: ten at Old Oak Lane, East Acton, one at Goddard's Farm, Willesden Lane, one at Manor Farm, and one at Elms Farm, Acton Hill. These have been visited 43 times, and it has only been necessary in one case to serve the occupier with a notice to abate any nuisance. |
8a8a048a-ab6d-4a63-8a61-fa1df8ad93d1 | Early in October the Council summoned four pig-keepers of South Acton for contravening the bye-law by keeping their pigs within 200 feet of a dwelling-house. The Magistrate held that in these cases he considered the bye-law reasonable, and an order was made to comply with the same within three months, but as the required distance could not be obtained, the defendants have removed their piggeries out of the parish, which will be highly beneficial to the Bollo Bridge neighbourhood. Common Lodging Houses.βThe one registered has been inspected 24 times, and was always found to be in a satisfactory condition. Smoke Abatement.β24 observations have been made of the 10 Factory and Works chimneys during the year, and in one case proceedings were taken before the magistrates, with the result that an Order of Abatement was made and the usual costs allowed. Food and Drugs Acts.βSamples under these Acts are taken by Mr. W. Tyler, the Inspector, Brentford. |
c33fc481-a874-4556-9b94-032d073a65b7 | No returns as to the number of samples taken and the result of the analysis is supplied to the Council, 29 During the year I seized and took before a Justice :β 3 rabbits. 1 box mackerel. 2 boxes kippers. 1 box bloaters. 6o boxes plums. 2 boxes whiting 1 box mixed fish. 1 box herrings. 18 rabbits. 2 barrels herrings. Orders to destroy were granted in each case. One offender living at South Acton from whom I seized a quantity of bad fish, was written to by the Clerk, and cautioned not to repeat the offence. The following Tabulated List gives particulars of Nuisances dealt with :β Drains Defective 73 β stopped 67 β want of ventilation to 89 Manholes, want of, and Interceptors . 105 β defective 27 Fresh Air Inlets, |
12ccbc11-dd37-4efb-bd89-10ca23ab059c | want of 14 β β defective 10 Soil Pipes defective 7 β want of ventilators to 4 β ventilators defective 48 Ventilating Shafts defective 20 30 Water Closets defective 45 β pans broken or defective 86 β pans, &c. foul 24 β Stopped 26 β want of water supply to 13 β flushed directly from drinking water cistern 24 β defective flushing apparatus 139 β additional or separate, required in Factories and Workshops 6 β defectiue pan closets and containers 10 Latrines defective 1 Gullies defective 128 β want of 96 β defective cement work around 32 β stopped 22 Yards dirty 12 β defective paving of 140 β want of paving to 36 Stables, defective paving of 13 Laundries, defective floors of washhouses 16 Kitchen and Scullery, |
6f57984a-52a8-4b37-aa19-31d7c7c3d07c | floors defective 56 Rain Water Pipes connected directly to drain 312 β defective 56 β β want of 16 Eaves Guttering defective 41 β β want of 10 Sinks defective 9 β waste pipes connected to drain 24 β want of wash pipes to 7 β defective waste pipes J9 31 Bath and Lavatory Waste Pipes connected directly to drain 10 Walls and Ceilings dirty 136 β β damp 6 Dust Bins, want of 196 Ashpits defective 9 Manure Accumulations 26 β want of receptacles for 43 Refuse, accumulations of 20 Animals and Fowls kept as to be a Nuisance 19 Water Supply, |
8c66d07a-246a-4e46-ba7a-6d0dcc11a565 | absence of 4 Cisterns defective 12 β covers required 18 foul 5 Roofs defective 31 Plastering defective 42 Water in Cellars 6 Cesspools defective 14 Urinals defective 3 β want of water sapply to 3 Overcrowding 4 Chimneys emitting black smoke 7 Miscellaneous 70 A great deal of work has been done in connection with the abatement of these nuisances, and a large proportion of our time is taken up by the superintendence of this work, but I have to report that there has been improvement in the character of the work done. I am, sir, Yours obediently, MAURICE W. KINCH, Sanitary Inspector. Public Health Department, Gothic Villa, Mill Hill Grove, Acton W. |
e0dc2e76-3eea-4d20-88dd-8946a6a46a67 | ACT10 Acton Urban District Council ANNUAL REPORT of the MEDICAL OFFICER OF HEALTH For the Year 1902 by G. A. GARRY SIMPSON, M.R.C.S., L.S.A. Fellow of the Royal Institute of Public Health ACTON Public Health Department, Gothic Villa, Mill Hill Grove 1903 ACT 10 Acton Urban District Council ANNUAL REPORT of the MEDICAL OFFICER OF HEALTH For the Year 1902 by G. A. GARRY SIMPSON, M.R.C.S., L.S.A. Fellow of the Royal Institute of Public Health ACTON Public Health Department, Gothic Villa, Mill Hill Grove 1903 CONTENTS. MEDICAL OFFICER OF HEALTH'S REPORT. |
b8b0bf9e-9ab6-47ce-b4df-5ca3987910ea | PAGE Medical Officer's General Remarks 3 Sanitary Staff 5 Office5 Ward Boundaries 5 Table showing Vital Statistics 6 Acreage of District 6 Population7 Birth Rate 7 Death Rate 7 Table giving Causes and Ages at Death 9 Comparative Table showing General and Zymotic Death Rates 10 Infantile Mortality 11 Establishment of Creche11 Whooping Cough 12 Phthisis or Consumption13 PhthisisβScheme of Preventive Measures 13 Table showing Cases of Infectious Diseases Notified14 Comparative Table showing Infectious Diseases Notified 15 Small Pox 15 Small PoxβTable showing Monthly Notifications 1 6 Small PoxβTable showing Age Distribution, Vaccination, |
c5b623e1-43b2-4b14-a530-d1ea7f5be6b0 | and Mortality 16 Small PoxβSteps taken to deal with the Outbreak 17 Small PoxβOther precautions taken 18 Small PoxβLessons to be learnt from the Epidemic 18 Scarlet Fever 20 Diphtheria 21 DiphtheriaβThe Prophylactic Use of Antitoxin 22 Factory and Workshop Act 23 Underground Bakehouses Recommendations 24 Factory and Worshop Act re Homework 26 Sick Nursing 27 Mortuary 27 SANITARY INSPECTORS REPORT. Inspector's General Remarks 28 Number of Inspections, &c. 29 Tabulated List of Sanitary Improvements 29 Notices and Prosecutions 30 Drainage Examinations 31 Inspection of Meat and other Foods and Prosecutions 31 Food and Drugs Acts 32 Dairies, Cowsheds, and Milkshops 32 Bakehouses 32 Slaughterhouses 32 Piggeries 32 Common Lodging Houses 32 Smoke Abatement 32 Acton Urban District Council. |
6290c01d-aa80-4dcb-8a7e-d54ea19961a7 | ANNUAL REPORT OF THE MEDICAL OFFICER For the Year ending 31st December 1902. To the Chairman and Members of the Acton District Council. Gentlemen, I have the honour of submitting to you my Annual Reportβthe ninth that I have presentedβconcerning the Vital Statistics and General Sanitary Condition of your Town. The Death Rate is the lowest on record, and is due to a great extent to the attention and care that you have devoted to matters connected with the health of the district. There is nothing so conducive to popularising a district as a low Death Rate, and I sincerely trust that the efforts you are making to render Acton a thoroughly desirable Residential Suburb will meet with the success they deserve. Our Infant Mortality is the lowest since 1891βthis happy result being due to the diminished number of deaths from Epidemic Diarrhoea. I have reported fully on the outbreak of Small Pox, and the measures taken for dealing with the same. |
f5ef3099-ac92-4856-b9c1-d3ec17f90839 | The arrangements that you have made with the Clare Hall Small Pox Hospital, South Mimms, to retain ten beds is a very wise and necessary precaution. The efforts we are now making to deal with Consumption will, I trust, help to relieve much suffering and prevent unnecessary infection. The arrangements for dealing with our Sewage by means of Bacteria are now completed, the three Septic Tanks and Filters being in full 4 working order. I shall, according to your instructions, report every Quarter as to the working of the same. For nine successive years I have drawn attention to the great need of an Isolation Hospital and Dust Destructor, and it is a great satisfaction for me to know that both will shortly be in evidence, the work having been practically started as regards the Hospital. I have reported fully on the Factory and Workshops Act, 1901. This is necessary, as the Act specifies that I must do so, and forward a Copy of my Report to the Secretary of State. |
9aee9644-7bbf-4c2f-9657-e9f66bcb358a | You will notice in my Tables dealing with the Vital Statistics, the increase in the number of inhabited houses, and the rapid development of the district. I am pleased to state there has been a very great improvement in the Scavenging of the district, especially with regard to the main streets and thoroughfares. Very few complaints now reach me with regard to the non-removal of dust-bin refuse, and on making inquiries with regard to these complaints, I invariably find that the tenants themselves are to blame. I have made a systematic crusade against the habit of sweeping the dust and refuse from houses on to the pavements and into the roadway after 8 a.m. To my mind this is a most dangerous proceeding, for this dust is full of micro-organisms often of a virulent character. The work of my department has been carried out entirely to my satisfaction during the year, and I am much indebted to Mr Kinch, Chief Sanitary Inspector, and Mr Fraser, Assistant Sanitary Inspector, for their valuable assistance. |