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Strategy and objectives In relation to the risks and opportunities described above, Eni has defined a path to decarbonization and pursues a clear and well-defined climate strategy, integrated with its business model, which is based on the following drivers: - reduction in direct GHG emissions; from 2014 to 2017 the actions taken have enabled the GHG emission intensity index of the upstream sector to be reduced by 15%; the goal is to reduce this rate by 43% by 2025 compared to 2014 through projects to eliminate process flaring, reduce fugitive emissions of methane (for the upstream segment, by 80% in 2025 compared to 2014) and energy efficiency projects; in total the investments in support of these targets add up to an expenditure of about €0.6 billion in 2018-2021, at 100% and with reference only to upstream operated activities; | 1metrics
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- green business development through (i) a growing commitment to renewable energy (approx. 1,000 MW installed power in 2021); (ii) development of the second phase of the Venice biorefinery (with a maximum capacity of 560 ktonnes/ year from 2021) and the completion of the Gela biorefinery (with maximum capacity of 720 ktonnes/year) by 2018; (iii) strengthening of Green Chemistry, with production of bio-intermediates from vegetable oil at Porto Torres (capacity of 70 ktonnes/year), studies, pilot projects and partnerships with other operators. The total investments in the 2018-21 four-year period amount to more than €1.8 billion, included the scientific and technological development (R&D) activities related to the path to decarbonization; | 1metrics
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A challenge for today, not tomorrow Aviva has a long-term commitment to tackle climate change. In 2015, we announced an investment target of £500 million annually for the next five years in low-carbon infrastructure. We also set an associated carbon savings target for this investment of 100,000 tonnes of CO2e annually. In 2017, Aviva Investors signed £527.5 million of new investment in wind, solar, biomass and energy efficiency. Aviva continues to manage the impact of our business on the environment. Our Corporate Responsibility, Environment and Climate change business standard focuses on the most material operational environmental impacts, which we have identified as greenhouse gas emissions. We report these as carbon dioxide equivalent emissions (CO2e) on an operational basis in respect of Aviva’s Group-wide operations. See the table below. | 1metrics
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We have enhanced our Environmental, Social, and Governance heat map to include proxy climate risk metrics. This heat map is available to our analysts and fund managers and updated on a monthly basis. It includes a composite carbon exposure metric based on the carbon-intensity of business activities, the extent of operations in jurisdictions with stringent carbon emissions regulations and the quality of a company’s carbon management. We targeted a £500 million annual investment in low-carbon infrastructure from 2015-2020, and an associated carbon saving target of 100,000 CO2e tonnes annually. In 2017, we signed £527.5 million of new investment into wind, solar, biomass and energy efficiency. Aviva holds over £744 million in green bonds. | 1metrics
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Energy efficient by design We focus on achieving high sustainability standards on our developments, optimising energy efficiency and generating renewable energy on site, rather than buying offsets for carbon neutrality. Our approach delivers cost savings for occupiers, well managed buildings for the people who work, shop and live in them and better assets for investors. We have delivered energy savings for occupiers of £13 million over six years, at the same time as optimising lighting, temperatures and air quality for wellbeing and efficiency. We are also improving energy modelling and piloting Soft Landings to close the gap between efficient design and performance. | 2strategy
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To ensure we meet our targets, we use an internal carbon price of €25 per metric tonne of CO2 to guide decision-making, hold regular reviews to confirm that we adhere to all our internal standards and external environmental laws and regulations, and have third parties annually audit our environmental management systems and all bottling plant data. | 1metrics
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The Alberta Climate Leadership Plan, sets forth several commitments relevant to the oil and gas sector: (1) the implementation of an economy-wide carbon levy; (2) limiting of oil sands emissions to a province-wide total of 100 megatonnes per year (compared to current industry emissions levels of approximately 70 megatonnes per year), with certain exceptions for cogeneration power sources and new upgrading capacity; and (3) a goal to reduce methane emissions from oil and gas activities by 45 percent by 2025. The economy-wide carbon levy is based on a rate of $30 per tonne for 2018 and exempts activities integral to oil and gas production processes until 2023. | 1metrics
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In late 2017, CN committed to purchasing 200 new alternating current traction locomotives over the next three years to accommodate future growth opportunities and drive operational efficiency across the system. CN’s order is the largest among Class I railways since 2014. These high-horsepower engines are equipped with advanced digital technologies to optimize power distribution, train handling, brake control and fuel utilization. | 0none
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For example, CN’s investments of approximately $850 million in long sidings and double track since 2000 have enabled 42% higher car velocity and 59% more RTMs. With our sights firmly set on the long haul, we plan to invest a record $3.2 billion in 2018 to improve the safety, efficiency and capacity of our network. | 1metrics
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CN invested $1.6 billion in basic track infrastructure in 2017 to improve the safety and fluidity of our network. The work included the replacement of more than 2.2 million cross ties and the installation of over 600 miles of new rail, as well as bridge repairs, branch line upgrades and other general track maintenance. In 2018, CN is targeting a record $3.2 billion in total capital investment, up | 0none
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We have developed a Climate Policy Position Statement which outlines our role in limiting climate change to well below two degrees and the way in which we will support the transition to a net zero emissions economy by 2050. This includes undertaking a climate scenario analysis and setting a $15 billion target for financing low carbon projects by 2025. | 1metrics
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Finally, as one of the largest financiers of energy in the world, we pledged to facilitate $200 billion in clean financing through 2025. Through this commitment, JPMorgan Chase will help scale the impact of sustainability efforts among more than 20,000 corporate and investor clients in the U.S. and across the world. | 1metrics
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This year, we invested $125 million in equity in Hero Future Energies, alongside the IFC Global Infrastructure Fund, which is managed by IFC Asset Management Company. Hero will set up 1 gigawatt of solar and wind plants across India in the next 12 months and aim for 2.7 GW of renewable-energy capacity by 2020. | 1metrics
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This figure included €153 million worth of assets in the Artemis office portfolio which comprises 33 assets, covering 360,000 sqm, in five different European countries. Over the rest of the portfolio, a further €255 million of assets are contracted and currently in the process of being onboarded during the first half of this year and will add to AUM during FY18. | 0none
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2015, the Bank had taken a commitment to target mobilizing USD 5 billion up to 2020 for climate action, and reports its Renewable energy funding portfolio annually. In addition, through the Environment & Social Policy, the Bank incorporates Environmental and social risk assessment into its overall credit risk assessment process. | 1metrics
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53 respectively, through ASE Cultural and Educational Foundation to fund various environmental projects, and our board of directors have resolved in a resolution in January 2018 to contribute NT$100.0 million (US$3.4 million) through ASE Cultural and Educational Foundation in environmental projects in 2018. Our estimated environmental capital expenditures for 2018 will be approximately US$13.3 million, of which 3.9% will be used in climate change adaptation. | 2strategy
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€4m invested annually to support innovation via the Seed’Innov and E-Face funds. instruments. Both are available to all business lines, without exception.The first of these funds, Seed’Innov, provides assistance from the earliest stages of R&D and proof-of-concept activities, continuing to support projects through to commercial launch. Its role is to cut the time-to-market. The second fund, E-Face, supports innovative low-carbon solutions by offering financial compensation to offset the difference in cost between a conventional carbon dioxide-emitting solution and an alternative low-carbon solution, which tends to be more costly. — | 2strategy
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The Fund updated the guidelines for its $1.5 billion Sustainable Investment Program (SIP), defining sustainable investing for the Fund and enumerating criteria, including best-in-class managers and strategies that identify macro trends or themes, such as Climate and Environment, Human Rights & Social Inclusion and Economic Development. All SIP investments will be held to the same investment criteria as all of the Fund’s other investments. | 3risk
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To achieve these figures, we have increased the procurement of energy from renewable certified sources to a total of 733,8671 MWh in our buildings in Spain, Germany, Austria, Brazil, Poland, Switzerland, Portugal, Holland, Turkey, Belgium, Luxembourg, and its LEED Stores in the US, France, Italy, Switzerland and India, preventing 258,409 tonnes of greenhouse gas emissions. Thanks to this effort, the use of electricity from renewable sources in the company’s facilities multiplied by 17 since 2014. | 1metrics
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Emissions generated by the consumption of fuels derived from helicopter and ship transport services (from the plant to the platform of the Gaviota and Castor underground storage facilities). Emissions generated by the consumption of fuels derived from the contracting of surveillance services and air, maritime and land maintenance. Emissions generated by the consumption of fuel in rented vehicles, cranes and suppliers’ hoists. | 1metrics
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The future is not a faraway place. It’s as near as tomorrow and it will affect us all. As energy consumption soars, how will we meet the demand? Fossil fuels are a finite resource that will gradually disappear. The natural replacement is sweeping freely around the earth – the wind. | 2strategy
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On February 8, 2018, the Government of Canada introduced legislation to revise the process for assessing major resource projects. If the legislation is passed in its current form, we believe it would have adverse impacts on pipeline companies, particularly in relation to the regulatory review process for proposed new projects that are “designated projects”, by making overall timelines for the development and execution of these projects longer and significantly increasing uncertainty. | 2strategy
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As stockholders, we encourage transparency and accountability in the use of corporate funds to influence legislation and regulation. Nucor does not disclose its trade association memberships, or its payments used for lobbying. Nucor also does not disclose its membership in or payments to tax-exempt organizations that write and endorse model legislation, such as the Heartland Institute, a proponent of climate-change denial, and the American Legislative Exchange Council (ALEC), a proponent of numerous controversial pieces of model legislation. We are concerned that Nucor’s lack of trade association and ALEC disclosure presents reputational risks. Over 100 companies have publicly left ALEC, including 3M, Deere, Emerson Electric and International Paper. | 2strategy
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More recently, we have seen some shift in rhetoric on environmental and social issues by the mainstream financial community. However, the voting records of many fund managers tell a different story. Nearly across the board, the largest fund managers tend to vote in line with management recommendations and generally support very few shareholder proposals, which typically advocate for sustainable and responsible business practices. For example, a recent study by Ceres found that, particularly around the topics of climate change, some of the largest managers have among the worst voting records in the fund industry. | 2strategy
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Managing our value chain emissions In FY2018, Scope 3 emissions in our value chain were 596 million tonnes of CO2-e. The most significant contributors to this total were emissions from the downstream processing and use of our products, which accounted for around 97 per cent of total Scope 3 emissions. In particular, Scope 3 emissions emanating from the steelmaking process (the processing and use of our iron ore and metallurgical coal) accounted for over 65 per cent of the total. (2) | 1metrics
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Indirect emissions, known as scope 2 and 3 emissions, result from operational activities we do not own or control. These include emissions produced as a consequence of electricity we purchase to power our treatment plants (scope 2) and other indirect emissions such as travel on company business (scope 3). Emissions from electricity we use are calculated by converting each kilowatt hour purchased into its carbon dioxide equivalent. | 1metrics
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Safety and operational risks Process safety, personal safety, and environmental risks – exposure to a wide range of health, safety, security and environmental risks could cause harm to people, the environment and our assets and result in regulatory action, legal liability, business interruption, increased costs, damage to our reputation and potentially denial of our licence to operate. | 2strategy
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We also anticipate that the potential effects of climate change will increasingly impact our own operations and those of client properties we manage, especially when they are located in coastal cities. For example, in 2018, the impact of natural disasters was significant with a series of devastating wildfires in the U.S. as well as floods in several geographies around the globe. | 2strategy
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However, while any of these factors may lead to commencement of Engagement, we have decided to particularly focus on companies in relation to which we have particular ESG-related concerns, or which do not publish adequate environmental information, or which are ‘laggards’ with regard to a commitment to address climate change issues. | 2strategy
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Our Integris Global Equity portfolios exclude companies that have material connections to certain controversial industries, e.g. fossil fuels, tobacco and weapons. We also exclude companies that score the worst overall ESG score (‘CCC’) as calculated by an independent external ESG research company, MSCI ESG Research, and at the end of December 2018, there were 174 companies excluded from the portfolios as a result of this ESG screen. | 2strategy
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We emit greenhouse gases both directly and indirectly. Our direct (Scope 1) emissions come from our industrial businesses, including the use of natural gas and diesel, and fugitive emissions from coal mining. Our main source of indirect (Scope 2) emissions is electricity used by our operations. We also estimate our Scope 3 emissions, which are other indirect emissions that occur as a result of our operations (e.g. employee air travel), but are not controlled by us. | 1metrics
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We may be impacted by the long term effects of climate change, including: • increased severity or regularity of extreme weather events which may result in business disruptions, changing supply conditions, safety risks for our team members and customers, and damage to our physical assets and transport infrastructure; • changes to global policy and government regulations; and • changes to customer needs, preferences and behaviours. | 2strategy
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Climate change may also lead to temperature increases, droughts, floods, hurricanes, etc., which may shift access to and alter cycles of different kinds of crops, rendering certain crop fields unusable for agriculture. Merchandise transportation may be affected as well if extreme weather conditions interfere with accessibility. Deciding whether to open a new store or not may be hindered if flood risks increase. | 2strategy
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IAG is exposed to multiple risks relating to the conduct of its general insurance business. The risks noted below are not meant to represent an exhaustive list, but outline those risks faced by IAG that have been identified in IAG's RMS: strategic risk – the risk of not achieving corporate or strategic goals due to poor business decisions regarding future business plans and strategies and/or a lack of responsiveness to changes in the business environment; | 0none
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Scope 2 emissions are the main component of our emissions profile. Our Scope 2 emissions, in turn, result primarily from our purchase of grid electricity. We also report Scope 3 emissions derived from air travel undertaken by our colleagues for business purposes. At present, Scope 1 emissions resulting from the use of vehicular fuels and stationary combustion fuels, which comprise a comparatively insignificant proportion of our overall energy consumption and emissions, are excluded from our reporting. | 1metrics
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8 Climate change Climate change due to global warming could cause various damages, including flooding, landslide disasters caused by abnormal weather conditions such as concentrated torrential rains. Severe heat, heavy snowfall and drought due to unseasonable weather changes, water resources, and loss of biodiversity could also be expected to arise from climate change. | 2strategy
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EXAMPLES OF RISKS Resource scarcity, coupled with increasing demand, could affect production, availability, quality and cost of raw materials. Increased frequency of extreme weather events, from floods to droughts, could cause disruption in our supply chain and impact the sourcing of raw materials, as well as the production and distribution of finished goods. Increased regulation and more stringent environmental standards could impact our business by affecting production costs and flexibility of operations. Our industry is sustained by many agricultural and manufacturing communities around the world. Failure to support them in preserving key skills and building more sustainable livelihoods could cause social, economic and operational challenges, ranging from community tensions and disruption to production, to a reduced talent pool. | 2strategy
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Global energy demand has continued to be supported by conventional technologies and fossil resources, with energy intensity unable to be significantly reduced. Air pollution is one of the main issues facing large urban centres, but there are no structural changes allowing a substantial reduction in emissions. Many cities set restrictions on car traffic, not only because of environmental issues but also because of congestion, encouraging the emergence of a number of car-sharing and ride-hailing solutions, which partially replace public transport. Electric vehicles cannot be considered an alternative, because cities lack charging points and the batteries have an insufficient autonomy to handle urban traffic jams. | 2strategy
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Our risk assessment Rising average annual temperatures could lead to higher cooling costs for our business and our customers. More erratic temperature changes could lead to strain or failure of our mechanical heating and cooling systems. Storms could lead to higher maintenance costs. And flooding, both inland and coastal, could lead to direct damage to our properties. All of these hazards can affect our customers’ business continuity. | 2strategy
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Risks to the Group’s reputation Risks include acts or omissions by the Group or any of its employees that could damage the Group’s reputation or lead to a loss of trust among its stakeholders. Every risk type has potential consequences for Zurich’s reputation. Effectively managing each type of risk helps reduce such threats. | 0none
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Around US$16.5 billion of the insured losses caused by natural disasters related to the Camp Fire forest fire in California. This represents the highest loss to date for the insurance industry caused by a forest fire. In addition to further forest fires, 2018 was also notable for hurricanes, of which hurricane Michael and typhoon Jebi caused the greatest losses. Storms David (Friederike) and Eleanor (Burglind) were responsible for a high level of losses for the insurance industry in Europe as well (around US$3 billion). Germany accounted for around two-thirds of the losses. | 1metrics
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As a leader in the index investing and asset management industry, BlackRock has been the subject of commentary citing concerns about the growth of index investing, as well as perceived competition issues associated with asset managers managing stakes in multiple companies within certain industries, known as “common ownership”. The commentators argue that index funds have the potential to distort investment flows, create stock price bubbles, or conversely, exacerbate a decline in market prices. | 0none
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The Group faces many other risks which, although important and subject to regular review, have been assessed as less significant and are not listed here. These include, for example, natural catastrophe and business interruption risks and certain financial risks. A summary of financial risks and their management is provided on page 33. | 3risk
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STRATEGY RISK Link to KPI/scorecard – business development and growth Risk of lack of balance between short and long-term investments, insufficient diversification of assets, the inability to manage the portfolio or grow the business during significant changes to market and industry conditions including evolving regulation and taxes related to climate change or caused by shift in oil demand resulting from substitution of hydrocarbons with renewable energy sources. | 2strategy
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Energy policy Throughout FY2018, national energy policy remained highly topical within Australia. As policy makers seek to tackle the energy ‘trilemma’ and solve a decade-long failure to effectively integrate energy and climate policy, ongoing uncertainty prevails in the market. This affects investment decisions, prices and energy reliability for Australian consumers and businesses. | 2strategy
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The potential impact of climate change as an environmental, social and governance challenge for the region is significant. The SADC region is particularly vulnerable to increased frequency of floods, cyclones and droughts which may damage infrastructure, destroy agricultural crops, disrupt livelihoods and cause loss of life. These impacts will increasingly influence investment and insurance decisions. | 2strategy
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Compliance risk Compliance risk is the risk of failure to comply with applicable rules and regulations, and in so doing, exposing the group to penalties and reputational damage. Penalties received or due for non-compliance are an example of this risk. As a leading financial services group, the group faces complex challenges to ensure that its activities comply with local legislation, regulations and supervisory requirements and the relevant international standards and requirements. | 0none
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Low Carbon Fuel Standards Existing and proposed environmental legislation and regulation developed by certain U.S. states, Canadian provinces, the Canadian federal government and members of the European Union, regulating carbon fuel standards could result in increased costs and reduced revenue. The potential regulation may negatively affect the marketing of Cenovus’s bitumen, crude oil or refined products, and may require us to purchase emissions credits in order to affect sales in such jurisdictions. | 2strategy
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Public Perception of Alberta Oil Sands Development of the Alberta oil sands has received considerable attention in recent public commentary on the subjects of environmental impact, climate change and GHG emissions. Despite that much of the focus is on bitumen mining operations and not in situ production, public concerns about oil sands generally and GHG emissions, water and land use practices and indigenous engagement in oil sands developments specifically may, directly or indirectly, impair the profitability of our current oil sands projects, and the viability of future oil sands projects, by creating significant regulatory uncertainty leading to uncertainty in economic modeling of current and future projects and delays relating to the sanctioning of future projects. | 2strategy
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Reputation Risk: This is the risk of loss of credibility due to internal or external factors and is often related to, or results from, other categories of risk. This risk can arise from our internal business practices or those of our business partners or the companies in which we invest. Business partners include third parties hired to perform some of our administrative functions as well as investment organizations with which we have a contractual arrangement. A loss of reputation could impact our position as a partner, investor and employer of choice and impede our ability to execute our strategy. | 0none
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Climate change also threatens our food system which must produce 50% more food to feed over 9 billion people by 2050. However, changing weather patterns and growing seasons threaten suitable cultivation areas around the world. Business can spur positive change and achieving food security could create 80 million jobs and business opportunities worth $2.3 trillion annually by 2030. Linked to climate change is water scarcity, a threat to 3.2 billion people. If current usage continues the world will have only 60% of its required water by 2030. See pages 30 and 33 to 35 for more on climate change risks. | 2strategy
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The main impacts of the 4°C scenario were as follows: • Chronic and acute water stress reduces agricultural productivity in some regions, raising prices of raw materials. • Increased frequency of extreme weather (storms and floods) causes increased incidence of disruption to our manufacturing and distribution networks. • Temperature increase and extreme weather events reduce economic activity, GDP growth and hence sales levels fall. | 2strategy
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Broadly, the 2 degrees scenario demonstrated that IAG would incur additional operating costs, mainly as a result of the increased cost of carbon or other policy interventions. The 4 degrees scenario also demonstrated that IAG would incur additional operating costs, but in this case, these would more likely arise from increased cost of operational disruption due to increased frequency of extreme weather events. | 2strategy
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Climate change potentially has multiple effects that could harm the Group’s operations. The increasing scarcity of water resources may negatively affect the Group’s operations in some regions of the world, high sea levels may harm certain coastal activities, and the multiplication of extreme weather events may damage offshore and onshore facilities. These climate risk factors are continually assessed in the risk management and prevention plans. | 2strategy
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This structured approach applies to all of the Group’s operated businesses exposed to these risks. In addition to its drilling and pipeline transport operations, the Group has at the end of 2018 195 sites and operating zones exposed to major technological risks, which could cause harm or damage to people, property and the environment, corresponding to: | 2strategy
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Emission sources not reported This section of the report details the emission sources on which we have not reported and provides the reasons behind our decisions. Only a minority of the offices we operate directly make use of gas and we have included this in our emissions from combustion of fuel. We do not have distinct data on heat/steam for our other offices as this is most likely embedded in the office service charges that we pay. As a result, we have not currently reported on purchased heat or steam. In future we will devise a methodology to estimate the emissions associated with heating requirements for which we are responsible. | 1metrics
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EMISSIONS AND OTHER ENVIRONMENTAL ISSUES The Panel recognizes that CEMEX has exposure to the risk of increased costs linked to carbon regulations, based on its focus on cement production, which is clearly highly carbon-intensive. Adding to this risk, the Panel asserts that ca. 80% of the company’s assets are located in locations with existing or impending carbon regulations. This reality elevates CEMEX’s overall level of risk in this area relative to peers. | 2strategy
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The inability to reform mortgage markets has dramatically reduced mortgage availability. In fact, our analysis shows that, conservatively, more than $1 trillion in additional mortgage loans might have been made over a five-year period had we reformed our mortgage system. J.P. Morgan analysis indicates that the cost of not reforming the mortgage markets could be as high as 0.2% of GDP a year. | 0none
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The types of events that give rise to reputation risk are broad and could be introduced in various ways, including by the Firm’s employees and the clients, customers and counterparties with which the Firm does business. These events could result in financial losses, litigation and regulatory fines, as well as other damages to the Firm. As reputation risk is inherently difficult to identify, manage, and quantify, an independent reputation risk management governance function is critical. | 0none
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Company may not be able to offset such impact, including, for example, through higher freight rates. Climate change legislation and regulation could also affect CN's customers; make it difficult for CN's customers to produce products in a cost-competitive manner due to increased energy costs; and increase legal costs related to defending and resolving legal claims and other litigation related to climate change. | 2strategy
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In addition, we recognize the scientific consensus that climate change is a reality of increasing concern, indicated by higher concentrations of greenhouse gases, a warming atmosphere and ocean, diminished snow and ice, and sea level rise. We understand that climate change potentially poses a serious financial threat to society as a whole, with implications for the insurance industry in areas such as catastrophe risk perception, pricing and modeling assumptions, particularly if the frequency and severity of natural catastrophic events continue to increase. Because there is significant variability associated with the impacts of climate change, we cannot predict how physical, legal, regulatory and social responses may impact our business. | 2strategy
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The second half of 2017 had unprecedented weather events, particularly in Florida and the Caribbean. Hurricanes Irma and Maria resulted in over 2,500 canceled flights or 3% of departures. Following large weather events, it is common to see lingering demand impact similar to what we experienced in New York, following superstorm Sandy in 2012. | 2strategy
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For our stakeholders: for customers, breaches in security may cause personal loss (both financial and emotional). There may also be consequences for relations with suppliers and intermediaries. For investors, any loss of business or reputation could result in lower returns. PSD2 will increase consumers’ control over financial data, but also their responsibility for this data. | 0none
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Climate change is a long-term risk associated with high uncertainty regarding timing, scope and severity of potential impacts. The risks for insurers can be grouped into physical risks and transition risks. Physical risks relate to losses from climate trends (i.e. changing weather patterns and sea level rise) and climate events (i.e. extreme weather and natural disasters). These physical risks impact property & casualty (P&C) insurance, but also life insurance, for instance through higher than expected mortality rates. Losses can also follow from credit risk and collateral linked to the mortgage portfolio. Aegon is exposed to mortality risk and mortgage underwriting risks and has limited exposure to P&C risk, including catastrophic risk. Beyond insured losses from physical climate damages, climate change can increase uninsured damages and losses and may have disrupting and cascading effects on the wider economy and across the financial system. The second category of risks is associated with the transition to a low-carbon economy. These transition risks can affect the value of assets and impact the investments portfolios of insurers. Furthermore, it cannot be ruled out that Aegon itself is unable to adjust to environmental and sustainability goals. The transition risks are determined by largely uncertain factors such as policy and regulatory changes, political, social and market dynamics and technological innovations. Linked to both the physical and the transition risks, there could be litigation and reputational risks following from not fully considering or responding to the impacts of climate change, or not providing appropriate disclosure of current and future risks. The risks can relate both to Aegon and the companies in which it invests. | 2strategy
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Limited transportation infrastructure risks The profitability of Equinor’s oil and gas production in a remote area may be affected by an infrastructure constraint Equinor's ability to commercially exploit discovered petroleum resources will depend, among other factors, on infrastructure to transport oil and gas to potential buyers at a commercial price. Oil is transported by vessels, rail or pipelines to refineries, and natural gas by pipeline or vessels (for liquefied natural gas) to processing plants and end users. Equinor may be unsuccessful in its efforts to secure transportation and markets for all its potential production. | 2strategy
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International political, social and economic risks Equinor has international interests located in regions where political, social and economic instability could adversely affect Equinor’s business. Equinor has assets and operations located in diverse regions globally where potentially negative economic, social, and political developments could occur. These political risks and security threats require continuous monitoring. Uncertainty exists around the UK`s exit from the EU and the potential market impact. | 0none
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Project STOP was formally kicked-off in July 2017 and publicly announced at the Our Oceans Conference 2017 in Malta. Implementation of the first city partnership project started in April 2018 in Muncar, East Java, Indonesia. Muncar is a major fishing port suffering from plastic litter in its harbour, beaches and rivers. | 2strategy
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The scientific community has concluded that increasing global average temperatures produces significant physical effects, such as the increased frequency and severity of hurricanes, storms, droughts, floods or other extreme climatic events that could interfere with Eni’s operations and damage Eni’s facilities. Extreme and unpredictable weather phenomena can result in material disruption to Eni’s operations, and consequent loss of or damage to properties and facilities, as well as a loss of output, loss of revenues, increasing maintenance and repair expenses and cash flow shortfall. | 2strategy
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Advisory Services continue to be an important part of our business. We anticipate 528 new assignments in 2019, about the same level as 2018, to support €45 billion in investments. We are committed to dedicating at least 25% of own-lending capacity to climate projects annually, and to increasing from 25% to 35% the share of financing for developing countries dedicated to climate action. We have committed to financing a total of $100 billion in climate action investments globally from 2016 to 2020. The Bank will also continue to focus on infrastructure projects, particularly those that reduce waste and preserve resources. | 1metrics
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In April 2018, the Group successfully completed a refinancing to convert floating to fixed debt and to extend the debt maturity out to November 2025. The Group issued a US$300 million bond with a fixed interest rate of 6.625%, which was swapped back to sterling upon issuance at an effective interest rate of 5%. The proceeds of the new issue were used to repay in full the £200 million floating rate bond issued in 2017 which had a maturity of 2022. | 0none
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Cities account for 75 per cent of worldwide greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions. EBRD Green Cities, a programme that supports sustainable urban planning and investment, is central to Bank efforts to curb climate change. Under the initiative in 2018, the EBRD invested €265 million in 10 projects which together are expected to reduce GHG emissions by 319,000 tonnes annually. Donors help to fund the action plans that are the centrepiece of EBRD Green Cities and other aspects of the programme. | 1metrics
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The EBRD committed US$ 68.5 million (€60 million equivalent) to Amundi Planet – Emerging Green One, a green bond fund dedicated to emerging markets. The International Finance Corporation and the European Investment Bank also participated in the fund, which will invest in bonds issued by financial institutions and support climate and environmental projects. | 1metrics
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The international community pledged €17 million in additional funds to help finance work aimed at reducing the risk of radiation from disused uranium-mining sites in the Kyrgyz Republic, Tajikistan and Uzbekistan. The funding was pledged at an event hosted by the EBRD, which manages the Environmental Remediation Account for Central Asia. Work at four sites will start in 2019. | 2strategy
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At Karnataka, we produced and sold 2.2 million tonnes during FY2018, in line with the allocated environmental clearance (EC) limits. The Honourable Supreme Court has increased the cap on production of iron ore for the state from 30 to 35 million tonnes, and accordingly increase in our allocation for Karnataka from 2.3 to 4.5 million tonnes in May 2018. | 1metrics
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� We have committed to have an additional 3,000 megawatts of new solar and wind — enough to power 750,000 homes — under development or in operation by the beginning of 2022. This is incremental to the nearly 1,800 megawatts of company-owned or -partnered solar generating capacity that had entered service by the end of 2018. | 1metrics
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We plan on aiding economic development efforts in the Carolinas by keeping electric and gas bills affordable and by working with current and prospective employers to show them how we can provide them with on-demand energy. And through philanthropic giving, which will increase SCANA’s community giving by $1 million per year over the next five years, we expect to focus on education, environmental stewardship and community needs. | 1metrics
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$200 billion in financing to sustainable businesses and projects by 2030, with more than 50 percent focused on clean technology and renewable energy transactions to help accelerate the transition to a low-carbon economy. This commitment demonstrates how our products and services, operations and culture, and philanthropy can be harnessed toward a single goal. As an example, | 1metrics
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To speed up implementation of these solutions, even ahead of calls for tenders, we have established special financing mechanisms. Every year we allocate €2 million to E-Face, a fund that covers the cost differential between conventional solutions and more environmentally friendly alternatives. Similarly, the Seed’Innov fund aims to support all the Group’s low-carbon innovations, from the initial R&D stage and trials through to their introduction on the market. | 2strategy
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This new focus is laid out in Eiffage’s 2020 business plan, with the decision to entrust the coordination of transversal innovation to the Sustainable Development department and make internal financial resources available to support the roll-out of the Group’s low-carbon offering. Created in 2016 and allocated an annual budget of €2 million, the E-Face fund supports the operational development of low-carbon offerings by funding the cost differential between a traditional solution and an alternative, low-emission solution for all eligible commercial projects undertaken by the Group. Apart from providing important leverage by co-financing the reduced carbon footprint of a project, the fund also helps identify low-carbon materials, products and processes that can easily be substituted for their high-carbon equivalents while introducing traceability of the carbon content of purchases for accounting purposes. | 2strategy
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The two companies and the relevant local authorities had already created 1,088 car-pooling spaces between 2014 and 2018. They will step up their efforts in this area with a motorway investment plan that was approved by the French government in early November 2018. APRR has undertaken to create 1,700 car-pooling spaces at 27 sites by 2021, investing a total of €10.6 million, while AREA will invest €1.7 million to create 250 spaces at five sites in the same timeframe. | 1metrics
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IFC expands the availability of such technologies by channeling investments toward private companies that build modern communications infrastructure and information-technology businesses. In FY18, we invested $376 million in initiatives related to technology, including funds mobilized from other investors — expanding our portfolio in this sector to more than $2.4 billion. | 0none
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IFC is helping reverse that decline. In 2018, we launched a Maximizing Finance for Development initiative — working with other members of the World Bank Group — to finance a $12 million solar project in Gaza to ease the energy shortage. The 7-megawatt rooftop solar-power plant will provide critical energy to 32 factories in the Gaza Industrial Estate — much more cheaply than before. The project will create around 800 jobs. | 1metrics
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Our offerings are designed to meet the specific needs of IFC clients in different industries — with a special focus on infrastructure, manufacturing, agribusiness, services, and financial markets. In FY18, we made $11.6 billion in long-term investments in 366 projects. In addition, we mobilized nearly $11.7 billion to support the private sector in developing countries. | 0none
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Deployed our investment strategy to address climate change through concrete actions with conclusive results • A $10-billion increase in low-carbon assets, exceeding the initial target of $8 billion, with a new target set at $32 billion by 2020. • A 10% reduction in our portfolio’s carbon intensity, with a target of a 25% reduction by 2025. • High-quality transactions in renewable electricity in the United States, Europe, India and Latin America. • Consolidating expertise within a team dedicated to stewardship investing and initiatives. | 1metrics
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BlackRock’s Sustainable Investing platform consists of more than $50 billion in dedicated ESG strategies. We also manage more than $440 billion in solutions that eliminate exposure to certain sectors or activities. And we offer our strategies in index and alpha-seeking, with varying levels of customization, from iShares Sustainable Core ETFs to bespoke, institutional client solutions. | 2strategy
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During FY2019, APA expects to commission the 110 MW Darling Downs Solar Farm, the 130 MW Badgingarra Wind Farm and the 17.5 MW Badgingarra Solar Farm. APA continues to evaluate further renewable energy opportunities together with stand-alone and integrated low emission gas generation. This combination of intermittent renewable generation with reliable, low emissions gas-fuelled generation is well positioned to help deliver energy to people, businesses and communities that use it, affordably, efficiently and reliably. | 1metrics
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The British Columbia Carbon Tax Act sets a carbon price of $30 per tonne of CO2e on fuel combustion. Beginning April 1, 2018, the provincial carbon tax is expected to increase by $5 per tonne of CO2e per year, reaching the federal target carbon price of $50 on April 1, 2021. The tax may also be expanded to fugitive and vented emissions from the oil and gas sector. The Government of British Columbia has also introduced measures to reduce upstream | 1metrics
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Climate action lines: In 2018, CaixaBank signed an agreement with the European Investment Bank (EIB) consisting of a line of credit amounting to EUR 30 million to fund investments in SMEs, individuals, and the public sector to combat climate change (e.g., electric cars, modifications to facilities, and home improvements). In addition, CaixaBank acts as a broker for EIB funds related to renewable energy projects. Specifically, in 2018, EUR 35 million have been allocated to finance a wind farm project. | 2strategy
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JPMorgan Chase believes that companies must do even more to help solve today’s biggest challenges and create economic opportunity for more people. To do so, they must invest in communities the same way they invest in their own businesses. As announced in early 2018, our firm will deploy $1.75 billion by 2023 to drive inclusive growth in communities around the world. Generating Return on Community is one of our core objectives because we know that the future of our company depends on the well-being of our communities. | 0none
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In 2018, CN spent approximately $3.5 billion in its capital program, with $1.6 billion invested to maintain the safety and integrity of the network, particularly track infrastructure. CN's capital spending also included $1.0 billion on strategic initiatives to increase capacity, enable growth and improve network resiliency, including line capacity upgrades and information technology initiatives, $0.5 billion on equipment capital expenditures, including the acquisition of 500 new centerbeam cars and 65 new high-horsepower locomotives, and $0.4 billion on implementation of Positive Train Control (PTC), the safety technology mandated by the U.S. Congress. | 0none
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At Vancity, we are committed to helping our business members improve their environmental performance. One of the ways we do this is through our relationship with Climate Smart. Climate Smart provides training, coaching, and software for businesses to measure their carbon footprint, identify opportunities for cost, energy, and carbon savings, and communicate their efforts. Vancity offers members a $1,000 scholarship for Climate Smart training and 160 members have taken part in the program. | 2strategy
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A growing percentage of customers want to reduce their carbon footprint not only in their homes or businesses, but in the vehicles they drive as well. Electric vehicles are a growing consumer choice, and we are taking a three-pronged approach to help our customers seamlessly make the transition. We have several pilots underway in Minnesota to provide home charging options and public charging infrastructure, and to partner with communities and business customers to convert their fleets from traditional to electric vehicles. We recently announced a $25 million investment in electric vehicle infrastructure and believe these pilots will help our customers reduce energy and meet their sustainability needs. We expect to expand our electric vehicle efforts to other states in 2019 and beyond (read more on pages 10-11). | 2strategy
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For many investors, climate change poses significant financial challenges and opportunities. The expected transition to a lower carbon economy is estimated to require around £2.7 trillion, on average, in energy sector investments a year for the foreseeable future, generating new investment opportunities. At the same time, the risk return profile of companies exposed to climate-related risks may change significantly because of physical impacts of climate change, climate policy or new technologies. | 2strategy
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Climate Action 100+ VicSuper is collaborating with more than 280 investors, with a combined total of nearly US$30 trillion in assets under management, to engage the world’s largest greenhouse gas-emitting companies to act on climate change. Through the Climate Action 100+ initiative, VicSuper is engaging with investee companies to reduce emissions in line with the goals of the Paris Agreement, and to strengthen governance practices and financial reporting on climate change. | 2strategy
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Through these initiatives, Konica Minolta is aiming to achieve the business targets of more than ¥75 billion in operating profit, ¥50 billion in profit attributable to owners of the company, and ROE of 9.5% by fiscal 2019, the final year of the Medium Term Business Plan. Beyond this, we are looking to achieve a medium-term target of more than ¥100 billion in operating profit and more than ¥70 billion in profit attributable to owners of the company by fiscal 2021. | 0none
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2 . As a further decarbonization driver, Eni intends to develop circular economy initiatives aimed at enhancing waste and biomass to extract new energy, new products or materials and to give new life to decommissioned or reclaimed assets. Overall spending in the four-year period 2019-22 for decarbonization, the circular economy and renewables is approximately €3.6 billion including scientific and technological research activities designed to support these issues. | 2strategy
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2017 (36.01 tonCO 2 eq/kboe). This reduction already makes it possible to achieve the 2021 target, but Eni is nonetheless set on pursuing an improvement of at least 2% per annum in coming years as well. In addition to the upstream results already mentioned, this reduction was also made possible by a reduction in the emission intensity of refineries even with an increase in the performance index of EniPower. In 2018, Eni invested about €10 million in energy efficiency projects, which, once in full operation, will yield energy savings of 313 ktoe/year, amounting to a reduction in emissions of around 0.8 million tonnes of CO | 1metrics
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We have been investing our £200 million corporate ‘green’ loan in ongoing energy security and carbon reduction initiatives such as installing solar panels on our roofs, switching to natural refrigerants and generating green gas using combined heat and power (CHP) plants. We have also partnered with General Electric to install LED lighting in our stores, reducing our lighting energy consumption by around 58 per cent for the stores included in the rollout – a three per cent annual reduction in carbon emissions once the programme is completed. Currently, 17 per cent of our electricity comes from on-site renewables generation and renewable power purchase agreements. | 2strategy
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Climate change may cause extreme weather events that disrupt operations at one or more of our primary locations, which may negatively affect our ability to service and interact with our clients, and also may adversely affect the value of our investments, including our real estate investments. Climate change may also have a negative impact on the financial condition of our clients, which may decrease revenues from those clients and increase the credit risk associated with loans and other credit exposures to those clients. Additionally, our reputation may be damaged as a result of our involvement, or our clients’ involvement, in certain industries or projects associated with climate change. | 2strategy
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This includes storms, flooding, wildfires and water and heat stress which can damage our buildings, jeopardise the safety of our people and significantly disrupt our operations. At present 9% of our headcount are located in countries at “extreme” risk from the physical impacts of climate change in the next 30 years. | 2strategy
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