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Describe some different ways to stop your car from being stolen?
Here are some suggestions to reduce the chances of your car being stolen. Firstly, you can always try to park the car in a secure location, secondly security items such as steering wheel locks are known to help reduce the chance of car theft. Lastly, you can also install a car alarm system, and if that is too expensive or difficult to retrofit, there are companies who sell the security stickers for cars that state that the car has GPS tracking, which may also deter a potential car thief.
brainstorming
[INST] Describe some different ways to stop your car from being stolen? [/INST] Here are some suggestions to reduce the chances of your car being stolen. Firstly, you can always try to park the car in a secure location, secondly security items such as steering wheel locks are known to help reduce the chance of car theft. Lastly, you can also install a car alarm system, and if that is too expensive or difficult to retrofit, there are companies who sell the security stickers for cars that state that the car has GPS tracking, which may also deter a potential car thief.
Is Mount Fuji a mountain or a volcano?
Mount Fuji is a volcano which last erupted in 1707. It is the highest mountain in Japan at 3,776 meters tall. It is located in 2 prefectures: Yamanashi and Shizuoka and part of the Fuji-Hakone-Izu National Park. It was added to the UNESCO World Heritage List in June 2013.
classification
[INST] Is Mount Fuji a mountain or a volcano? [/INST] Mount Fuji is a volcano which last erupted in 1707. It is the highest mountain in Japan at 3,776 meters tall. It is located in 2 prefectures: Yamanashi and Shizuoka and part of the Fuji-Hakone-Izu National Park. It was added to the UNESCO World Heritage List in June 2013.
Given this paragraph about Pablo Escobar, how much money did he have when he died?
Pablo Emilio Escobar Gaviria (/ˈɛskəbɑːr/; Spanish: [ˈpaβlo es.koˈβ̞aɾ]; 1 December 1949 – 2 December 1993) was a Colombian drug lord and narcoterrorist who was the founder and sole leader of the Medellín Cartel. Dubbed "the king of cocaine", Escobar was the wealthiest criminal in history, having amassed an estimated net worth of US$30 billion by the time of his death—equivalent to $70 billion as of 2022—while his drug cartel monopolized the cocaine trade into the United States in the 1980s and early 1990s.
Pablo Escobar had an estimated net worth of $30B when he died in 1993.
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[INST] Given this paragraph about Pablo Escobar, how much money did he have when he died? [/INST] Pablo Escobar had an estimated net worth of $30B when he died in 1993.
Give me a bulleted list of the main responses to "Bad Blood" listed in this text, including whether they were positive or negative.
"Bad Blood" is a song by American singer-songwriter Taylor Swift, taken from her fifth studio album 1989 (2014). Swift wrote the song with its producers Max Martin and Shellback. The album track is a pop song with stomping drums. A hip hop remix of "Bad Blood", featuring American rapper Kendrick Lamar and additional production by Ilya, was released as the fourth single from 1989 on May 17, 2015, by Big Machine and Republic Records. The lyrics are about feelings of betrayal by a close friend. Upon the album's release, critics expressed mixed opinions about "Bad Blood", with some complimenting Swift's defiant attitude and dubbing it an album highlight, while others criticized its production and lyrics. The remixed single was praised for the reworked instrumentation and Lamar's verses, which others considered to be out of place on a pop song. Media outlets speculated that American singer Katy Perry is the subject of the song. The remix received a Grammy nomination for Best Pop Duo/Group Performance. "Bad Blood" was supported by a high-budget music video directed by Joseph Kahn and produced by Swift. It featured an ensemble cast consisting of many singers, actresses and fashion models, which received wide media coverage. Critics praised the video for its cinematic and futuristic visuals inspired by neo-noir styles. It won a Grammy Award for Best Music Video, and two MTV Video Music Awards for the Video of the Year and Best Collaboration. Commercially, "Bad Blood" reached number one in Australia, Canada, New Zealand, and Scotland, as well as the United States, where it topped the Billboard Hot 100, Adult Top 40 and Mainstream Top 40 charts. It has been certified triple platinum in Australia and Canada, and 6× platinum in the US.
* positive about Taylor Swift's defiant attitude * negative about the song's production and lyrics * positive about the instrumentation and verses * positive about the accompanying music video's visuals * positive in terms of topping several charts
summarization
[INST] Give me a bulleted list of the main responses to "Bad Blood" listed in this text, including whether they were positive or negative. [/INST] * positive about Taylor Swift's defiant attitude * negative about the song's production and lyrics * positive about the instrumentation and verses * positive about the accompanying music video's visuals * positive in terms of topping several charts
Who is the greatest artist of all time?
Michael Jackson Michael Jackson (Michael Joseph Jackson; August 29, 1958 – June 25, 2009) was an American singer, dancer, and songwriter. He passed away from cardiac arrest caused by a propofol and benzodiazepine overdose on June 25, 2009. He donated (at least) a remarkable 500,000,000 dollars to charity. Michael is also known as The King of Pop (a title given to him by Elizabeth Taylor) or under the initials MJ. Dubbed the King of Pop, he is regarded as one of the most significant cultural figures of the 20th century. He is the creator of the best-selling album of all time, Thriller (1982), awarded 30 times platinum at the beginning of 2016. His other albums Bad, Dangerous and History are all among the best charting albums of all time and all reached the number one position in the US charts. Jackson was the first black artist whose music video (Billie Jean) was aired on MTV, and with that success, he broke down a racial barrier in the music industry. With his music and music videos, he revolutionized the world of pop music. Jackson is very well known for his signature dance moves (moonwalk, lean, sidewalk, Thriller dance), his famous clothing (black hat, white sequined glove, military jackets), his unique singing voice, and songs like Off the Wall, Don't Stop 'till You Get Enough, Thriller, Billie Jean, Beat It, Bad, The Way You Make Me Feel, Man In the Mirror, Heal the World. Black or White, Remember the Time, Earth Song and They Don't Care About Us. He also is the best entertainer of all time according to the Guinness Book of Records, and one of the best-selling solo artists of all time. He had 13 Billboard Hot 100 number-one singles (more than any other male artist in the Hot 100 era) and was the first artist to have a top-ten single in the Billboard Hot 100 in five different decades. His honors include 15 Grammy Awards, 6 Brit Awards, a Golden Globe Award and 39 Guinness World Records, including the "Most Successful Entertainer of All Time". Jackson's inductions include the Rock and Roll Hall of Fame (twice), the Vocal Group Hall of Fame, the Songwriters Hall of Fame, the Dance Hall of Fame (the only recording artist to be inducted) and the Rhythm and Blues Music Hall of Fame. In 2016, his estate earned $825 million, the highest yearly amount for a celebrity ever recorded by Forbes.
open_qa
[INST] Who is the greatest artist of all time? [/INST] Michael Jackson Michael Jackson (Michael Joseph Jackson; August 29, 1958 – June 25, 2009) was an American singer, dancer, and songwriter. He passed away from cardiac arrest caused by a propofol and benzodiazepine overdose on June 25, 2009. He donated (at least) a remarkable 500,000,000 dollars to charity. Michael is also known as The King of Pop (a title given to him by Elizabeth Taylor) or under the initials MJ. Dubbed the King of Pop, he is regarded as one of the most significant cultural figures of the 20th century. He is the creator of the best-selling album of all time, Thriller (1982), awarded 30 times platinum at the beginning of 2016. His other albums Bad, Dangerous and History are all among the best charting albums of all time and all reached the number one position in the US charts. Jackson was the first black artist whose music video (Billie Jean) was aired on MTV, and with that success, he broke down a racial barrier in the music industry. With his music and music videos, he revolutionized the world of pop music. Jackson is very well known for his signature dance moves (moonwalk, lean, sidewalk, Thriller dance), his famous clothing (black hat, white sequined glove, military jackets), his unique singing voice, and songs like Off the Wall, Don't Stop 'till You Get Enough, Thriller, Billie Jean, Beat It, Bad, The Way You Make Me Feel, Man In the Mirror, Heal the World. Black or White, Remember the Time, Earth Song and They Don't Care About Us. He also is the best entertainer of all time according to the Guinness Book of Records, and one of the best-selling solo artists of all time. He had 13 Billboard Hot 100 number-one singles (more than any other male artist in the Hot 100 era) and was the first artist to have a top-ten single in the Billboard Hot 100 in five different decades. His honors include 15 Grammy Awards, 6 Brit Awards, a Golden Globe Award and 39 Guinness World Records, including the "Most Successful Entertainer of All Time". Jackson's inductions include the Rock and Roll Hall of Fame (twice), the Vocal Group Hall of Fame, the Songwriters Hall of Fame, the Dance Hall of Fame (the only recording artist to be inducted) and the Rhythm and Blues Music Hall of Fame. In 2016, his estate earned $825 million, the highest yearly amount for a celebrity ever recorded by Forbes.
What are the most important tools to own when I am an apartment renter?
As a renter, you’ll often find yourself hanging pictures, assembling furniture, installing floating shelves, opening and cutting up boxes, storing things on high shelves, tightening screws or bolts that come loose over time, cleaning cobwebs, measuring furniture or a room where you’d like to put furniture, unclogging a toilet, or any number of other activities centered around daily apartment life. To do these things, you’ll need a small number of tools, including: - A standard toilet plunger, because toilets get clogged. Get this most important tool first. - A 1” wide tape measure. Get one that’s 25ft long. The wide width makes it easier for one person to measure long runs or furniture by themselves. A 25ft length will be long enough to measure the longest wall of most rooms and any piece of furniture. - A small level to evenly hang pictures and anything else you can think of. It should be about 10” to 12” long. - A pair of #2 Phillips head and #2 flat tip screwdrivers. Or, a ratcheting screwdriver with a set of replaceable screwdriver tips. To tighten loose screws or assemble furniture. - A folding step-stool that has two or three steps, and can support two to three hundred pounds. To quickly and safely reach those high shelves, hang pictures, and get close to things that are too high off the ground for you to reach standing in your flat shoes. - A comfortable-in-hand hammer, to drive nails for hanging pictures, gently tap things together, or break things apart. A wooden handled, curved-claw hammer that weighs between 12oz-16oz will serve most users well. When pulling nails, place a thin piece of wood between the hammerhead and delicate surfaces such as sheetrock to avoid damaged. Good hardware stores carry both. - A pair of adjustable wrenches for tightening just about anything. You’ll often need a pair of wrenches to both hold and tighten the same fastener. A smaller 8” and larger 10” adjustable wrenches make a good combination for most tasks. - A utility knife and a package of quality blades. To safely cut open boxes and other packaging, as well as trim paper, fabrics, textiles, wood…etc. The knife should feel secure in your hand and have a large, easy to turn knob to open the knife to change blades. Buy a package of high-quality name brand replacement blades to keep on hand. - An extra power receptacle for an emergency or unplanned usage. Always have an extra on hand…you will need it. - Hex wrenches. Also called Allen keys. You’ll need these mainly for assembling things like furniture. These come in both metric and imperial standard sizes. Both are useful to have, but if you only buy one set, make it metric, as it’s the most common type of fastener used to assemble furniture. - A stud finder. Stud finders help you locate the wall studs hidden behind the sheetrock. You’ll need to know where the wall studs are in order to know which fasteners you can use. - A tool box or bag. The only rule here is that the bag needs to hold all of your tools. So, you should probably buy this after you’ve owned and used a few of the tools listed previously, and have a better idea how you’d like to store them, carry them and access them. - A cordless drill and impact driver set, if you can afford it. All the other tools are more important, but these two tools are incredibly useful and make many jobs go faster and more pleasantly. The drill is for drilling. The impact driver is for driving or removing screws and other common fasteners. They look similar, but they are 2 different tools, each giving the user the right kinds of power and feedback required for the job each is designed for. It pays to buy quality here, so buy the best you can afford.
brainstorming
[INST] What are the most important tools to own when I am an apartment renter? [/INST] As a renter, you’ll often find yourself hanging pictures, assembling furniture, installing floating shelves, opening and cutting up boxes, storing things on high shelves, tightening screws or bolts that come loose over time, cleaning cobwebs, measuring furniture or a room where you’d like to put furniture, unclogging a toilet, or any number of other activities centered around daily apartment life. To do these things, you’ll need a small number of tools, including: - A standard toilet plunger, because toilets get clogged. Get this most important tool first. - A 1” wide tape measure. Get one that’s 25ft long. The wide width makes it easier for one person to measure long runs or furniture by themselves. A 25ft length will be long enough to measure the longest wall of most rooms and any piece of furniture. - A small level to evenly hang pictures and anything else you can think of. It should be about 10” to 12” long. - A pair of #2 Phillips head and #2 flat tip screwdrivers. Or, a ratcheting screwdriver with a set of replaceable screwdriver tips. To tighten loose screws or assemble furniture. - A folding step-stool that has two or three steps, and can support two to three hundred pounds. To quickly and safely reach those high shelves, hang pictures, and get close to things that are too high off the ground for you to reach standing in your flat shoes. - A comfortable-in-hand hammer, to drive nails for hanging pictures, gently tap things together, or break things apart. A wooden handled, curved-claw hammer that weighs between 12oz-16oz will serve most users well. When pulling nails, place a thin piece of wood between the hammerhead and delicate surfaces such as sheetrock to avoid damaged. Good hardware stores carry both. - A pair of adjustable wrenches for tightening just about anything. You’ll often need a pair of wrenches to both hold and tighten the same fastener. A smaller 8” and larger 10” adjustable wrenches make a good combination for most tasks. - A utility knife and a package of quality blades. To safely cut open boxes and other packaging, as well as trim paper, fabrics, textiles, wood…etc. The knife should feel secure in your hand and have a large, easy to turn knob to open the knife to change blades. Buy a package of high-quality name brand replacement blades to keep on hand. - An extra power receptacle for an emergency or unplanned usage. Always have an extra on hand…you will need it. - Hex wrenches. Also called Allen keys. You’ll need these mainly for assembling things like furniture. These come in both metric and imperial standard sizes. Both are useful to have, but if you only buy one set, make it metric, as it’s the most common type of fastener used to assemble furniture. - A stud finder. Stud finders help you locate the wall studs hidden behind the sheetrock. You’ll need to know where the wall studs are in order to know which fasteners you can use. - A tool box or bag. The only rule here is that the bag needs to hold all of your tools. So, you should probably buy this after you’ve owned and used a few of the tools listed previously, and have a better idea how you’d like to store them, carry them and access them. - A cordless drill and impact driver set, if you can afford it. All the other tools are more important, but these two tools are incredibly useful and make many jobs go faster and more pleasantly. The drill is for drilling. The impact driver is for driving or removing screws and other common fasteners. They look similar, but they are 2 different tools, each giving the user the right kinds of power and feedback required for the job each is designed for. It pays to buy quality here, so buy the best you can afford.
What was the name of Dr Dolittle’s Parrot
Polynesia
open_qa
[INST] What was the name of Dr Dolittle’s Parrot [/INST] Polynesia
What is the significance of a poppy on Remembrance day?
A poppy is a flowering plant in the subfamily Papaveroideae of the family Papaveraceae. Poppies are herbaceous plants, often grown for their colourful flowers. One species of poppy, Papaver somniferum, is the source of the narcotic drug mixture opium which contains powerful medicinal alkaloids such as morphine and has been used since ancient times as an analgesic and narcotic medicinal and recreational drug. It also produces edible seeds. Following the trench warfare in the poppy fields of Flanders, Belgium during World War I, poppies have become a symbol of remembrance of soldiers who have died during wartime, especially in the UK, Canada, Australia, New Zealand and other Commonwealth realms.
Following the trench warfare in the poppy fields of Flanders, Belgium during World War I, poppies have become a symbol of remembrance of soldiers who have died during wartime, especially in the UK, Canada, Australia, New Zealand and other Commonwealth countries.
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[INST] What is the significance of a poppy on Remembrance day? [/INST] Following the trench warfare in the poppy fields of Flanders, Belgium during World War I, poppies have become a symbol of remembrance of soldiers who have died during wartime, especially in the UK, Canada, Australia, New Zealand and other Commonwealth countries.
What causes the sun to rise?
Although the Sun appears to "rise" from the horizon, it is actually the Earth's motion that causes the Sun to appear. The illusion of a moving Sun results from Earth observers being in a rotating reference frame; this apparent motion caused many cultures to have mythologies and religions built around the geocentric model, which prevailed until astronomer Nicolaus Copernicus formulated his heliocentric model in the 16th century. Astronomically, sunrise occurs for only an instant: the moment at which the upper limb of the Sun appears tangent to the horizon. However, the term sunrise commonly refers to periods of time both before and after this point: Twilight, the period in the morning during which the sky is brightening, but the Sun is not yet visible. The beginning of morning twilight is called astronomical dawn. The period after the Sun rises during which striking colors and atmospheric effects are still seen. The timing of sunrise varies throughout the year and is also affected by the viewer's latitude and longitude, altitude, and time zone. These changes are driven by the axial tilt of Earth, daily rotation of the Earth, the planet's movement in its annual elliptical orbit around the Sun, and the Earth and Moon's paired revolutions around each other. The analemma can be used to make approximate predictions of the time of sunrise. In late winter and spring, sunrise as seen from temperate latitudes occurs earlier each day, reaching its earliest time near the summer solstice; although the exact date varies by latitude. After this point, the time of sunrise gets later each day, reaching its latest sometime around the winter solstice. The offset between the dates of the solstice and the earliest or latest sunrise time is caused by the eccentricity of Earth's orbit and the tilt of its axis, and is described by the analemma, which can be used to predict the dates. Variations in atmospheric refraction can alter the time of sunrise by changing its apparent position. Near the poles, the time-of-day variation is exaggerated, since the Sun crosses the horizon at a very shallow angle and thus rises more slowly. Accounting for atmospheric refraction and measuring from the leading edge slightly increases the average duration of day relative to night. The sunrise equation, however, which is used to derive the time of sunrise and sunset, uses the Sun's physical center for calculation, neglecting atmospheric refraction and the non-zero angle subtended by the solar disc.
Although the Sun appears to "rise" from the horizon, it is actually the Earth's motion that causes the Sun to appear. The illusion of a moving Sun results from Earth observers being in a rotating reference frame.
information_extraction
[INST] What causes the sun to rise? [/INST] Although the Sun appears to "rise" from the horizon, it is actually the Earth's motion that causes the Sun to appear. The illusion of a moving Sun results from Earth observers being in a rotating reference frame.
name some famous rock songs in the 1970s
Many believe that the 1970s were the golden age of rock bands, and there are hundreds of beautiful songs from this period. Here are just some famous songs that are still very popular on the streaming platforms: 1. Hotel California, Eagles, 1975 2. Stairway to Heaven, Led Zeppelin, 1971 3. Dream On, Aerosmith, 1973 4. Bohemian Rhapsody, Queen, 1975 5. Another brick in the wall: Pink Floyd, 1979
open_qa
[INST] name some famous rock songs in the 1970s [/INST] Many believe that the 1970s were the golden age of rock bands, and there are hundreds of beautiful songs from this period. Here are just some famous songs that are still very popular on the streaming platforms: 1. Hotel California, Eagles, 1975 2. Stairway to Heaven, Led Zeppelin, 1971 3. Dream On, Aerosmith, 1973 4. Bohemian Rhapsody, Queen, 1975 5. Another brick in the wall: Pink Floyd, 1979
Give me the history and background of the Phoenix Suns basketball franchise
The Phoenix Suns are an American professional basketball team based in Phoenix, Arizona. They compete in the National Basketball Association (NBA), as a member of the league's Western Conference Pacific Division. The Suns are the only team in their division not to be based in California, and play their home games at the Footprint Center. The Suns are one of four major league sports teams based in the Phoenix area, but are the only one to bill themselves as representing the city (the other teams - the Cardinals, Coyotes, and Diamondbacks - all bill themselves as representing the state of Arizona).
The Phoenix Suns are an American professional basketball team based in Phoenix, Arizona. They compete in the National Basketball Association (NBA), as a member of the league's Western Conference Pacific Division. The Suns are the only team in their division not to be based in California, and play their home games at the Footprint Center. The Suns are one of four major league sports teams based in the Phoenix area, but are the only one to bill themselves as representing the city (the other teams - the Cardinals, Coyotes, and Diamondbacks - all bill themselves as representing the state of Arizona). The franchise began play in 1968 as an expansion team, and their early years were mired in mediocrity, but their fortunes changed in the 1970s after partnering Dick Van Arsdale and Alvan Adams with Paul Westphal; the team reached the 1976 NBA Finals, in what is considered to be one of the biggest upsets in NBA history. However, after failing to capture a championship, the Suns would rebuild around Walter Davis for a majority of the 1980s, until the acquisition of Kevin Johnson in 1988. Under Johnson, and after trading for perennial NBA All-Star Charles Barkley, and combined with the output of Tom Chambers and Dan Majerle, the Suns reached the playoffs for a franchise-record thirteen consecutive appearances and remained a regular title contender throughout the 1990s, and reached the 1993 NBA Finals. However, the team would again fail to win a championship, and entered into another period of mediocrity until the early part of the 2000s. In 2004, the Suns signed free agent Steve Nash (who had blossomed for the Dallas Mavericks after being traded from Phoenix six years earlier), and returned into playoff contention. With Nash, Shawn Marion, and Amar'e Stoudemire, and under head coach Mike D'Antoni, the Suns became renowned worldwide for their quick, dynamic offense, which led them to tie a franchise record in wins in the 2004–05 season. Two more top two Conference placements followed, but the Suns again failed to attain an NBA championship, and were forced into another rebuild. After ten consecutive seasons without a playoff berth, the Suns reached the 2021 NBA Finals after acquiring Chris Paul, forming a quartet with their young core of Devin Booker, Deandre Ayton and Mikal Bridges. Following a disappointing playoff exit in 2022, the Suns acquired 13-time All-Star and two-time NBA champion Kevin Durant. The Suns own the NBA's fifth-best all-time winning percentage, and have the second highest winning percentage of any team to have never won an NBA championship. 11 Hall of Famers have played for Phoenix, while two — Barkley and Nash — won NBA Most Valuable Player (MVP) while playing for the team. Additionally, their Hall of Fame radio announcer Al McCoy is the longest-tenured broadcaster in NBA history.
summarization
[INST] Give me the history and background of the Phoenix Suns basketball franchise [/INST] The Phoenix Suns are an American professional basketball team based in Phoenix, Arizona. They compete in the National Basketball Association (NBA), as a member of the league's Western Conference Pacific Division. The Suns are the only team in their division not to be based in California, and play their home games at the Footprint Center. The Suns are one of four major league sports teams based in the Phoenix area, but are the only one to bill themselves as representing the city (the other teams - the Cardinals, Coyotes, and Diamondbacks - all bill themselves as representing the state of Arizona). The franchise began play in 1968 as an expansion team, and their early years were mired in mediocrity, but their fortunes changed in the 1970s after partnering Dick Van Arsdale and Alvan Adams with Paul Westphal; the team reached the 1976 NBA Finals, in what is considered to be one of the biggest upsets in NBA history. However, after failing to capture a championship, the Suns would rebuild around Walter Davis for a majority of the 1980s, until the acquisition of Kevin Johnson in 1988. Under Johnson, and after trading for perennial NBA All-Star Charles Barkley, and combined with the output of Tom Chambers and Dan Majerle, the Suns reached the playoffs for a franchise-record thirteen consecutive appearances and remained a regular title contender throughout the 1990s, and reached the 1993 NBA Finals. However, the team would again fail to win a championship, and entered into another period of mediocrity until the early part of the 2000s. In 2004, the Suns signed free agent Steve Nash (who had blossomed for the Dallas Mavericks after being traded from Phoenix six years earlier), and returned into playoff contention. With Nash, Shawn Marion, and Amar'e Stoudemire, and under head coach Mike D'Antoni, the Suns became renowned worldwide for their quick, dynamic offense, which led them to tie a franchise record in wins in the 2004–05 season. Two more top two Conference placements followed, but the Suns again failed to attain an NBA championship, and were forced into another rebuild. After ten consecutive seasons without a playoff berth, the Suns reached the 2021 NBA Finals after acquiring Chris Paul, forming a quartet with their young core of Devin Booker, Deandre Ayton and Mikal Bridges. Following a disappointing playoff exit in 2022, the Suns acquired 13-time All-Star and two-time NBA champion Kevin Durant. The Suns own the NBA's fifth-best all-time winning percentage, and have the second highest winning percentage of any team to have never won an NBA championship. 11 Hall of Famers have played for Phoenix, while two — Barkley and Nash — won NBA Most Valuable Player (MVP) while playing for the team. Additionally, their Hall of Fame radio announcer Al McCoy is the longest-tenured broadcaster in NBA history.
For what is known as Transphonologization?
In historical linguistics, transphonologization (also known as rephonologization or cheshirization, see below) is a type of sound change whereby a phonemic contrast that used to involve a certain feature X evolves in such a way that the contrast is preserved, yet becomes associated with a different feature Y.
In historical linguistics, transphonologization (also known as rephonologization or cheshirization, see below) is a type of sound change whereby a phonemic contrast that used to involve a certain feature X evolves in such a way that the contrast is preserved, yet becomes associated with a different feature Y. For example, a language contrasting two words */sat/ vs. */san/ may evolve historically so that final consonants are dropped, yet the modern language preserves the contrast through the nature of the vowel, as in a pair /sa/ vs. /sã/. Such a situation would be described by saying that a former contrast between oral and nasal consonants has been transphonologized into a contrast between oral and nasal vowels. The term transphonologization was coined by André-Georges Haudricourt. The concept was defined and amply illustrated by Hagège & Haudricourt; it has been mentioned by several followers of panchronic phonology, and beyond.
information_extraction
[INST] For what is known as Transphonologization? [/INST] In historical linguistics, transphonologization (also known as rephonologization or cheshirization, see below) is a type of sound change whereby a phonemic contrast that used to involve a certain feature X evolves in such a way that the contrast is preserved, yet becomes associated with a different feature Y. For example, a language contrasting two words */sat/ vs. */san/ may evolve historically so that final consonants are dropped, yet the modern language preserves the contrast through the nature of the vowel, as in a pair /sa/ vs. /sã/. Such a situation would be described by saying that a former contrast between oral and nasal consonants has been transphonologized into a contrast between oral and nasal vowels. The term transphonologization was coined by André-Georges Haudricourt. The concept was defined and amply illustrated by Hagège & Haudricourt; it has been mentioned by several followers of panchronic phonology, and beyond.
Based on the following paragraph on drinking water, is there a risk of drinking too much water during exercising?
The human body contains from 55% to 78% water, depending on body size.[user-generated source?] To function properly, the body requires between one and seven liters (0.22 and 1.54 imp gal; 0.26 and 1.85 U.S. gal)[citation needed] of water per day to avoid dehydration; the precise amount depends on the level of activity, temperature, humidity, and other factors. Most of this is ingested through foods or beverages other than drinking straight water. It is not clear how much water intake is needed by healthy people, though the British Dietetic Association advises that 2.5 liters of total water daily is the minimum to maintain proper hydration, including 1.8 liters (6 to 7 glasses) obtained directly from beverages. Medical literature favors a lower consumption, typically 1 liter of water for an average male, excluding extra requirements due to fluid loss from exercise or warm weather. Healthy kidneys can excrete 0.8 to 1 liter of water per hour, but stress such as exercise can reduce this amount. People can drink far more water than necessary while exercising, putting them at risk of water intoxication (hyperhydration), which can be fatal. The popular claim that "a person should consume eight glasses of water per day" seems to have no real basis in science. Studies have shown that extra water intake, especially up to 500 milliliters (18 imp fl oz; 17 U.S. fl oz) at mealtime, was associated with weight loss. Adequate fluid intake is helpful in preventing constipation.
Yes, since exercise induced stress can reduce the volume of water that the kidneys can excrete, drinking too much water during exercise can result in water intoxication which can be fatal.
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[INST] Based on the following paragraph on drinking water, is there a risk of drinking too much water during exercising? [/INST] Yes, since exercise induced stress can reduce the volume of water that the kidneys can excrete, drinking too much water during exercise can result in water intoxication which can be fatal.
List 8 rarest minerals
Red Beryl, Paraiba Tourmaline, Alexandrite, Padparadscha Sapphire, Painite, Kashmir Sapphire, Red Diamond, Jadeite
brainstorming
[INST] List 8 rarest minerals [/INST] Red Beryl, Paraiba Tourmaline, Alexandrite, Padparadscha Sapphire, Painite, Kashmir Sapphire, Red Diamond, Jadeite
Who is Juliette Roche?
Juliette Roche (1884–1980), also known as Juliette Roche Gleizes, was a French painter and writer who associated with members of the Cubist and Dada movements. She was married to the artist Albert Gleizes. She was born in 1884 to a wealthy Parisian family. Her father, Jules Roche, was a prominent member of both the French government and avant-garde art world. Other strong connections to the art world were manifested in her relationships with her godmother, Élisabeth, Countess Greffulhe, and her father's godson, Jean Cocteau. Juliette Roche studied painting at the Académie Ranson in Paris, with the support of her father. There, she was introduced to the artistic style of Les Nabis. In her poetic and pictorial work she showed profiles of independent women capable of self-expression. In 1913, she exhibited at the Salon des Indépendants and began writing poetry, inserting phrases, such as advertising slogans; experimenting with typographic elements. In 1914 she held her first solo exhibition at the Bernheim-Jeune gallery. When the First World War broke out, she traveled to New York City with her soon to be husband, the Cubist artist Albert Gleizes, who she met through the intermediary of Ricciotto Canudo, a film theoretician who published an avant-garde magazine Montjoie!, promoting Cubism. Juliette Roche and Albert Gleizes were married in September 1915. In New York, she took part in Dada activities with Marcel Duchamp and Francis Picabia, The Gleizes' then traveled to Barcelona to exhibit in the Galeries Dalmau before returning to New York. collaborating with Duchamp in the preparation of the first exhibition of the Society of Independent Artists of 1917, and Duchamp submitted his infamous readymade Fountain. In 1919, she returned to Paris and began writing La minéralisation de Dudley Craving Mac Adam, published in 1924, a story that tells of the adventures of Ather Cravan and other artists in exile in New York. In 1920-21, she wrote État... Colloidal, published by the Chilean journalist Vicente Huidobro in the magazine Creación. In 1927, together with Albert Gleizes, they founded the Moly-Sabata , a residence of artists in Sablons, which offered studios and workshops. She continued to exhibit the rest of his life in group exhibitions.
Juliette Roche was born in 1884 and was a French painter and writer. She was married to the artist Albert Gleizes. She was also the founder of Moly-Sabata, a residence of artists in Sablons.
summarization
[INST] Who is Juliette Roche? [/INST] Juliette Roche was born in 1884 and was a French painter and writer. She was married to the artist Albert Gleizes. She was also the founder of Moly-Sabata, a residence of artists in Sablons.
What awards did Bill Murray receive for Lost in Translation?
Murray's performance in Sofia Coppola's Lost in Translation (2003) earned him a Golden Globe and a British Academy Film Award and an Oscar nomination for Best Actor. He has frequently collaborated with directors Ivan Reitman, Harold Ramis, Wes Anderson, Sofia Coppola, Jim Jarmusch, John McNaughton and the Farrelly brothers. He received Golden Globe nominations for his roles in Ghostbusters, Rushmore (1998), Hyde Park on Hudson (2012), St. Vincent (2014), On the Rocks (2020) and the HBO miniseries Olive Kitteridge (2014), for which he later won his second Primetime Emmy Award.
Bill Murray earned a Golden Globe and a British Academy Film Award and an Oscar nomination for Best Actor for his role in Lost in Translation.
closed_qa
[INST] What awards did Bill Murray receive for Lost in Translation? [/INST] Bill Murray earned a Golden Globe and a British Academy Film Award and an Oscar nomination for Best Actor for his role in Lost in Translation.
What was the most expensive car ever sold at auction
On May 5, 2022, in a secret auction at the brand's museum in Germany, Mercedes-Benz sold one of just two 1955 300 SLR Uhlenhaut coupes from its extensive collection of historical automobiles—which dates back to the earliest days of the car in the late 19th century. The sale, to a private buyer, was for 135 million euros ($142,769,250). It handily outstripped the previous record-setting $48.4-million sale of a 1962 Ferrari 250 GTO at a 2018 auction to become the most expensive car ever sold at auction. Both of these high-dollar sales were brokered by RM Sotheby's.
A 1955 Mercedes-Benz 300 SLR was reportedly sold in a secret auction for 135 Million Euros
closed_qa
[INST] What was the most expensive car ever sold at auction [/INST] A 1955 Mercedes-Benz 300 SLR was reportedly sold in a secret auction for 135 Million Euros
Is the Tiger population Increasing in India?
India is one of the very few countries in which the Tiger population is flourishing. Thanks to the reserve forests and dedicated support by the public and NGOs.There has been a steady increase in the Tiger population year over year and Karnataka state has been the front-runner in protecting and growing the Tiger population
open_qa
[INST] Is the Tiger population Increasing in India? [/INST] India is one of the very few countries in which the Tiger population is flourishing. Thanks to the reserve forests and dedicated support by the public and NGOs.There has been a steady increase in the Tiger population year over year and Karnataka state has been the front-runner in protecting and growing the Tiger population
Which is a species of fish? Ayu or Aye
Ayu
classification
[INST] Which is a species of fish? Ayu or Aye [/INST] Ayu
How would the world look like in say 200 years from now?
What I envision will happen in the future, say, in a 100 years is that we will have a world with all self sustaining technology. We will be harnessing power easily from abundant natural resources inside and outside of the solar system. All work will be automated and done by machines. Human labor will not be required anymore, be it in the factories or service industry or even in the medical fields. The elite class or the top 1% rich in the world will own all of the corporations and run it. They will not need the rest of the 99% of people in the world as they do will not require their services to run factories and corporations and make them profitable. The elite will see them including any existing forms of their government as a liability. There would be absolutely no functioning government in any part of the world and access to the elite cities or areas will be cut off from the rest of the population. The only people saved would be famous artists or athletes or anyone with creative skills. Rest of the people will be left to fend for themselves and all the progress made as a civilized society will be lost. Whomever is able to survive will set up small communities and continue life. But life will be hard for lack of food and medical care. Some communities may attempt to take out the elite cities but will fail. Eventually the 99% would perish after a few hundred years. The elites will have problems of their own like fights between corporations. But almost all of them will survive for generations and several thousands of years until some catastrophic event wipes them all out be it an alien invasion or something from natural causes.
creative_writing
[INST] How would the world look like in say 200 years from now? [/INST] What I envision will happen in the future, say, in a 100 years is that we will have a world with all self sustaining technology. We will be harnessing power easily from abundant natural resources inside and outside of the solar system. All work will be automated and done by machines. Human labor will not be required anymore, be it in the factories or service industry or even in the medical fields. The elite class or the top 1% rich in the world will own all of the corporations and run it. They will not need the rest of the 99% of people in the world as they do will not require their services to run factories and corporations and make them profitable. The elite will see them including any existing forms of their government as a liability. There would be absolutely no functioning government in any part of the world and access to the elite cities or areas will be cut off from the rest of the population. The only people saved would be famous artists or athletes or anyone with creative skills. Rest of the people will be left to fend for themselves and all the progress made as a civilized society will be lost. Whomever is able to survive will set up small communities and continue life. But life will be hard for lack of food and medical care. Some communities may attempt to take out the elite cities but will fail. Eventually the 99% would perish after a few hundred years. The elites will have problems of their own like fights between corporations. But almost all of them will survive for generations and several thousands of years until some catastrophic event wipes them all out be it an alien invasion or something from natural causes.
Give me 5 major attractions to see in Berlin
1. Brandenburg Gate. This is a must visit location in Berlin and often times referred as Berlin's signature attraction. 2. Berlin Television Tower. This TV tower or Fernsehturm as called in German, is the something that is hard of ignore even from farthest of the distances. 3. Reichtag. It is Federal Govenment buiding of Germany. This building has been modernised and special attraction is its glass dome to capture a great glance of the city. 4. Kurfürstendamm. It is Berlin's most famous shopping street. 5. Checkpoint Charlie. Just something that attracts every tourist due to its historical significance.
brainstorming
[INST] Give me 5 major attractions to see in Berlin [/INST] 1. Brandenburg Gate. This is a must visit location in Berlin and often times referred as Berlin's signature attraction. 2. Berlin Television Tower. This TV tower or Fernsehturm as called in German, is the something that is hard of ignore even from farthest of the distances. 3. Reichtag. It is Federal Govenment buiding of Germany. This building has been modernised and special attraction is its glass dome to capture a great glance of the city. 4. Kurfürstendamm. It is Berlin's most famous shopping street. 5. Checkpoint Charlie. Just something that attracts every tourist due to its historical significance.
Please provide 5 different variants of served coffee
1. Cold Brew 2. Americano 3. Espresso 4. Latte 5. Cappuccino
brainstorming
[INST] Please provide 5 different variants of served coffee [/INST] 1. Cold Brew 2. Americano 3. Espresso 4. Latte 5. Cappuccino
What are the primary elements of Odissi dance?
The primary elements of Odissi dance are derived from the tribhanga posture. The tribhanga posture (three breaks) is unique to the Odissi classical dance style. Each break refers to the starting position of a body part. The first break is the head and neck. The second break is the waist, and the third break is the hip.
general_qa
[INST] What are the primary elements of Odissi dance? [/INST] The primary elements of Odissi dance are derived from the tribhanga posture. The tribhanga posture (three breaks) is unique to the Odissi classical dance style. Each break refers to the starting position of a body part. The first break is the head and neck. The second break is the waist, and the third break is the hip.
Why is Stephen A. Smith a great journalist?
Stephen A. Smith is considered a great journalist by many due to his entertaining delivery during television appearances as well as his fearlessness in addressing conflicting view points held by his colleagues. Furthermore, Stephen A. Smith has extensive experience as a popular writer for several newspapers as well as SLAM Magazine prior to his television career with ESPN.
general_qa
[INST] Why is Stephen A. Smith a great journalist? [/INST] Stephen A. Smith is considered a great journalist by many due to his entertaining delivery during television appearances as well as his fearlessness in addressing conflicting view points held by his colleagues. Furthermore, Stephen A. Smith has extensive experience as a popular writer for several newspapers as well as SLAM Magazine prior to his television career with ESPN.
Give me a list of popular tourist attractions in Rome
Some popular tourist attractions are: - Colosseum - Pantheon - Trevi Fountain - St. Peter's Basilica - Roman Forum - Spanish Steps
brainstorming
[INST] Give me a list of popular tourist attractions in Rome [/INST] Some popular tourist attractions are: - Colosseum - Pantheon - Trevi Fountain - St. Peter's Basilica - Roman Forum - Spanish Steps
Given this paragraph about the Republic of Finland becoming a member of the North Atlantic Treaty Organisation (NATO) what year did it start a formal relations with NATO?
Finland has had formal relations with NATO since 1994, when it joined the Partnership for Peace program, and has been a member of the European Union (EU), which largely overlaps with NATO in membership, since 1995.
Finland has started the formal relationship with NATO in 1994 when it joined the Partnership for Peace program. However it wasn't a NATO member up until April 4 2023 when it became an official member of NATO.
closed_qa
[INST] Given this paragraph about the Republic of Finland becoming a member of the North Atlantic Treaty Organisation (NATO) what year did it start a formal relations with NATO? [/INST] Finland has started the formal relationship with NATO in 1994 when it joined the Partnership for Peace program. However it wasn't a NATO member up until April 4 2023 when it became an official member of NATO.
What did Special Agent Fox Mulder study when he was in university?
Fox Mulder, a main character on the TV show "The X-Files," studied at Oxford University and majored in psychology.
open_qa
[INST] What did Special Agent Fox Mulder study when he was in university? [/INST] Fox Mulder, a main character on the TV show "The X-Files," studied at Oxford University and majored in psychology.
Which is a bird or fish: Yellow wagtail, Yellowback fusilier
Yellow wagtail is a bird, Yellowback fusilier is a fish
classification
[INST] Which is a bird or fish: Yellow wagtail, Yellowback fusilier [/INST] Yellow wagtail is a bird, Yellowback fusilier is a fish
Given the following paragraph, what university has evidence of teaching as early as 1096?
The University of Oxford is a collegiate research university in Oxford, England. There is evidence of teaching as early as 1096, making it the oldest university in the English-speaking world and the world's second-oldest university in continuous operation. It grew rapidly from 1167 when Henry II banned English students from attending the University of Paris. After disputes between students and Oxford townsfolk in 1209, some academics fled north-east to Cambridge where they established what became the University of Cambridge. The two English ancient universities share many common features and are jointly referred to as Oxbridge.
The University of Oxford
closed_qa
[INST] Given the following paragraph, what university has evidence of teaching as early as 1096? [/INST] The University of Oxford
How many players are in a cricket team?
A cricket team is formally comprised of eleven players
general_qa
[INST] How many players are in a cricket team? [/INST] A cricket team is formally comprised of eleven players
Why Bangalore climate is pleasant
Bangalore is situated in the southeast of the South Indian state of Karnataka. It is positioned at 12.97° N 77.56° E and covers an area of 2,190 square kilometres (850 sq mi). A landlocked city, Bangalore is located in the heart of the Mysore Plateau (a region of the larger Deccan Plateau) at an average elevation of 920 metres (3,020 ft). Bangalore district borders with Kolar and Chikkaballapur in the northeast, Tumkur in the northwest, and Mandya and Ramanagaram in the southeast.
Bangalore city is positioned at a 920 mt high altitude from the sea level. Bangalore is nearest to both Arabian Sea & Bay of Bengal. Hence it receives plenty of rainfall & makes the place cooler as compared to rest of the cities in India. Along with this the city is full of big & old trees which adds up to the environment and makes more cooler with greenery.
closed_qa
[INST] Why Bangalore climate is pleasant [/INST] Bangalore city is positioned at a 920 mt high altitude from the sea level. Bangalore is nearest to both Arabian Sea & Bay of Bengal. Hence it receives plenty of rainfall & makes the place cooler as compared to rest of the cities in India. Along with this the city is full of big & old trees which adds up to the environment and makes more cooler with greenery.
What is nihilism and why do some people believe it? List some ways that philosophers have proposed to fight against nihilism. Explain to me in a casual tone
Nihilism is a belief that life is ultimately meaningless. Sounds pretty depressing right? Well, there are a number of reasons why one might feel this way. Do you ever feel like you are just going through the motions each day? You wake up, go to work, get off work, sleep, and the cycle continues. You chased after a goal, such as graduating college or getting that next promotion, thinking it would solve all your problems, only to be disappointed after finally getting it. Then you look around the universe that you lives in and find how insignificant your individuality is in the grand schemes of things, you can't help but think to yourself: man, is there any point to life? Does what I do actually matter at all, especially if I'm going to die anyways? If you ever feel this way, know that you are not alone. Many, many philosophers throughout human history have pondered upon this very idea. I'll present a select few philosophers and their proposals to fight against nihilism. One obvious solution, per Danish philosophers Kierkegaard, is religion. He believes that faith should be our purpose in life, following Him and doing good in this life will reap rewards in the afterlife. Now, German philosopher Nietzsche does not agree with that at all; in fact his most famous quote was "God is dead and we killed him". He's talking about how with new advances in science comes the death of religion -- each man must now create his own values and become an ubermensch. The idea of ubermensch, however, kind of throws morality out of window — who is to say one’s value is wrong? Enter Albert Camus and his idea of absurdism. He compares human life to Sisyphus — rolling a giant rock uphill, only for the rock to fall back down after reaching the top — an absurd and meaningless struggle. He suggests that we accept the absurdity of this world and human existence, and instead embrace the present, because “The struggle itself towards the heights is enough to fill a man's heart. One must imagine Sisyphus happy”. And there you have it, what nihilism is all about, why it happens and a few ways to fight against it. Note that this is a very extensive topic and what I covered here is only the tip of the iceberg, I’d suggest reading up more if you're interested. Hope it helped!
open_qa
[INST] What is nihilism and why do some people believe it? List some ways that philosophers have proposed to fight against nihilism. Explain to me in a casual tone [/INST] Nihilism is a belief that life is ultimately meaningless. Sounds pretty depressing right? Well, there are a number of reasons why one might feel this way. Do you ever feel like you are just going through the motions each day? You wake up, go to work, get off work, sleep, and the cycle continues. You chased after a goal, such as graduating college or getting that next promotion, thinking it would solve all your problems, only to be disappointed after finally getting it. Then you look around the universe that you lives in and find how insignificant your individuality is in the grand schemes of things, you can't help but think to yourself: man, is there any point to life? Does what I do actually matter at all, especially if I'm going to die anyways? If you ever feel this way, know that you are not alone. Many, many philosophers throughout human history have pondered upon this very idea. I'll present a select few philosophers and their proposals to fight against nihilism. One obvious solution, per Danish philosophers Kierkegaard, is religion. He believes that faith should be our purpose in life, following Him and doing good in this life will reap rewards in the afterlife. Now, German philosopher Nietzsche does not agree with that at all; in fact his most famous quote was "God is dead and we killed him". He's talking about how with new advances in science comes the death of religion -- each man must now create his own values and become an ubermensch. The idea of ubermensch, however, kind of throws morality out of window — who is to say one’s value is wrong? Enter Albert Camus and his idea of absurdism. He compares human life to Sisyphus — rolling a giant rock uphill, only for the rock to fall back down after reaching the top — an absurd and meaningless struggle. He suggests that we accept the absurdity of this world and human existence, and instead embrace the present, because “The struggle itself towards the heights is enough to fill a man's heart. One must imagine Sisyphus happy”. And there you have it, what nihilism is all about, why it happens and a few ways to fight against it. Note that this is a very extensive topic and what I covered here is only the tip of the iceberg, I’d suggest reading up more if you're interested. Hope it helped!
What are a couple date night ideas?
Date nights are a great way to connect with your significant other. You could go to dinner and a movie. This option may sound cliché but try to be creative by choosing a restaurant you haven't been to and see a movie at a small neighborhood movie theater. Another great option is a cooking class. There are lots of options when it comes to the type of food. You could even have the class at your home.
general_qa
[INST] What are a couple date night ideas? [/INST] Date nights are a great way to connect with your significant other. You could go to dinner and a movie. This option may sound cliché but try to be creative by choosing a restaurant you haven't been to and see a movie at a small neighborhood movie theater. Another great option is a cooking class. There are lots of options when it comes to the type of food. You could even have the class at your home.
Tell me whether the following animals are reptiles or amphibians: salamander, alligator, caiman, snake, toad.
Salamanders and toads are amphibians. Alligators, caimans, and snakes are reptiles.
classification
[INST] Tell me whether the following animals are reptiles or amphibians: salamander, alligator, caiman, snake, toad. [/INST] Salamanders and toads are amphibians. Alligators, caimans, and snakes are reptiles.
What is Women's freestyle 48 kg competition featured in 2017 World Wrestling Championships?
The women's freestyle 48 kilograms is a competition featured at the 2017 World Wrestling Championships, and was held in Paris, France on 24 August 2017.
The women's freestyle 48 kilograms is a competition featured at the 2017 World Wrestling Championships, and was held in Paris, France on 24 August 2017. This freestyle wrestling competition consisted of a single-elimination tournament, with a repechage used to determine the winners of two bronze medals.
summarization
[INST] What is Women's freestyle 48 kg competition featured in 2017 World Wrestling Championships? [/INST] The women's freestyle 48 kilograms is a competition featured at the 2017 World Wrestling Championships, and was held in Paris, France on 24 August 2017. This freestyle wrestling competition consisted of a single-elimination tournament, with a repechage used to determine the winners of two bronze medals.
What is an archipelago
An archipelago (/ˌɑːrkəˈpɛləˌɡoʊ/ (listen) AR-kə-PEL-ə-goh), sometimes called an island group or island chain, is a chain, cluster, or collection of islands, or sometimes a sea containing a small number of scattered islands. Examples of archipelagos include: the Indonesian Archipelago, the Andaman and Nicobar Islands, the Lakshadweep Islands, the Galápagos Islands, the Japanese archipelago, the Philippine Archipelago, the Maldives, the Balearic Islands, The Bahamas, the Aegean Islands, the Hawaiian Islands, the Canary Islands, Malta, the Azores, the Canadian Arctic Archipelago, the British Isles, the islands of the Archipelago Sea, and Shetland. They are sometimes defined by political boundaries. For example, the Gulf archipelago off the northeastern Pacific coast forms part of a larger archipelago that geographically includes Washington state's San Juan Islands; while the Gulf archipelago and San Juan Islands are geographically related, they are not technically included in the same archipelago due to manmade geopolitical borders.
An archipelago is a grouping, or clustering, of islands.
closed_qa
[INST] What is an archipelago [/INST] An archipelago is a grouping, or clustering, of islands.
What are the 5 biggest cities in France in terms of inhabitants?
The five biggest cities in France are : 1) Paris, which is also the capital, with more than 2200000 inhabitants. 2) Marseille with more than 865000 inhabitants. 3) Lyon with more than 520000 inhabitants. 4) Toulouse with more than 480000 inhabitants. 5) Nice with more than 340000 inhabitants.
classification
[INST] What are the 5 biggest cities in France in terms of inhabitants? [/INST] The five biggest cities in France are : 1) Paris, which is also the capital, with more than 2200000 inhabitants. 2) Marseille with more than 865000 inhabitants. 3) Lyon with more than 520000 inhabitants. 4) Toulouse with more than 480000 inhabitants. 5) Nice with more than 340000 inhabitants.
Extract the names of the companies that built the Pacific Railroad
A transcontinental railroad in the United States is any continuous rail line connecting a location on the U.S. Pacific coast with one or more of the railroads of the nation's eastern trunk line rail systems operating between the Missouri or Mississippi Rivers and the U.S. Atlantic coast. The first concrete plan for a transcontinental railroad in the United States was presented to Congress by Asa Whitney in 1845. A series of transcontinental railroads built over the last third of the 19th century created a nationwide transportation network that united the country by rail. The first of these, the 3,103 km (1,928 mi) "Pacific Railroad", was built by the Central Pacific Railroad and Union Pacific Railroad to link the San Francisco Bay at Alameda, California, with the nation's existing eastern railroad network at Council Bluffs, Iowa/Omaha, Nebraska, thereby creating the world's first transcontinental railroad when it opened in 1869. Its construction was made possible by the US government under Pacific Railroad Acts of 1862, 1864, and 1867. Its original course was very close to current Interstate 80.
The "Pacific Railroad" was built by the Central Pacific Railroad and Union Pacific Railroad.
information_extraction
[INST] Extract the names of the companies that built the Pacific Railroad [/INST] The "Pacific Railroad" was built by the Central Pacific Railroad and Union Pacific Railroad.
What are a few different ways to spend a free weekend
- Write LLM Prompts - Go hiking - Play Video Games - Watch Netflix - Cook Molecular Gastronomy dishes
brainstorming
[INST] What are a few different ways to spend a free weekend [/INST] - Write LLM Prompts - Go hiking - Play Video Games - Watch Netflix - Cook Molecular Gastronomy dishes
How do I see how large a dataset is in Spark?
You can find the number of records in a DataFrame or RDD using the `count()` method. If you want to see how large it is in terms of bytes, you can find this information on the Spark UI.
general_qa
[INST] How do I see how large a dataset is in Spark? [/INST] You can find the number of records in a DataFrame or RDD using the `count()` method. If you want to see how large it is in terms of bytes, you can find this information on the Spark UI.
What is a economic trait of Generation Z (Gen Z)?
As consumers, members of Generation Z are typically reliant to the Internet to research their options and to place orders. They tend to be skeptical and will shun firms whose actions and values are contradictory. Their purchases are heavily influenced by trends they see on social media. In the West, while majorities might signal their support for certain ideals such as "environmental consciousness" to pollsters, actual purchases do not reflect their stated views, as can be seen from their high demand for cheap but not durable clothing ("fast fashion"), or preference for rapid delivery. Moreover, young Western consumers of this cohort are less likely to pay a premium for what they want compared to their counterparts from emerging economies.
Gen Z are dependent on the internet to do research and also to place orders. They do not use purchases to signal morals or views, as they tend to purchase fast fashion and prefer fast delivery over quality.
information_extraction
[INST] What is a economic trait of Generation Z (Gen Z)? [/INST] Gen Z are dependent on the internet to do research and also to place orders. They do not use purchases to signal morals or views, as they tend to purchase fast fashion and prefer fast delivery over quality.
What's the best way to potty train a puppy?
You just adopted a puppy, congratulations! There are many methods to successfully house-train or potty-train puppies. First, it's important to remain patient and diligent around maintaining a strict schedule for feeding, rest, play and potty times. This should start the moment your puppy arrives as this is going to set them and you up for success. Second, when accidents happen, which will occur for the first few weeks, remember to be patient and kind to your puppy. This will develop a deep sense of trust in you as the authority figure in the home. Generally, puppies need to be let outside to go potty outside within a secure area after waking, playtime and after every meal. It's important not to confuse potty time with playtime and that your puppy is placed safely in a crate or gated area if they aren't being watched closely. How do you know when your puppy needs to go potty? Most puppies will begin sniffing the ground when they need to go potty so if you witness this happening indoors, quickly usher your puppy outside or to a training pad. It's important to provide your puppy a lot of praise for a job well done. For some puppies, verbal praise from their family member while providing them with a small treat will help your puppy make the connection that going potty in the appropriate area is a very good thing for them and for you.
general_qa
[INST] What's the best way to potty train a puppy? [/INST] You just adopted a puppy, congratulations! There are many methods to successfully house-train or potty-train puppies. First, it's important to remain patient and diligent around maintaining a strict schedule for feeding, rest, play and potty times. This should start the moment your puppy arrives as this is going to set them and you up for success. Second, when accidents happen, which will occur for the first few weeks, remember to be patient and kind to your puppy. This will develop a deep sense of trust in you as the authority figure in the home. Generally, puppies need to be let outside to go potty outside within a secure area after waking, playtime and after every meal. It's important not to confuse potty time with playtime and that your puppy is placed safely in a crate or gated area if they aren't being watched closely. How do you know when your puppy needs to go potty? Most puppies will begin sniffing the ground when they need to go potty so if you witness this happening indoors, quickly usher your puppy outside or to a training pad. It's important to provide your puppy a lot of praise for a job well done. For some puppies, verbal praise from their family member while providing them with a small treat will help your puppy make the connection that going potty in the appropriate area is a very good thing for them and for you.
How can one loose weight
There are several ways to shed some pounds which include having a balanced diet which is low in fats and carbohydrates, regular workouts or sports activities like running, brisk walking, swimming and hitting the gym etc. Yoga is also a good alternative to attain a healthy lifestyle and keep your weight in check. Some people use mobile applications to record their daily calorie intake and try to eat little less than the daily recommended calories.
general_qa
[INST] How can one loose weight [/INST] There are several ways to shed some pounds which include having a balanced diet which is low in fats and carbohydrates, regular workouts or sports activities like running, brisk walking, swimming and hitting the gym etc. Yoga is also a good alternative to attain a healthy lifestyle and keep your weight in check. Some people use mobile applications to record their daily calorie intake and try to eat little less than the daily recommended calories.
Give me a list of the seven most polluted cities in America
According to the American Lung Association, the 7 most polluted cities include 5 cities from California. The list is order is, Los Angeles-Long Beach, Bakersfield, Visalia, Fresno-Madera-Hanford, Phoenix-Mesa, San Diego-Chula Vista-Carlsbad, and Denver-Aurora
brainstorming
[INST] Give me a list of the seven most polluted cities in America [/INST] According to the American Lung Association, the 7 most polluted cities include 5 cities from California. The list is order is, Los Angeles-Long Beach, Bakersfield, Visalia, Fresno-Madera-Hanford, Phoenix-Mesa, San Diego-Chula Vista-Carlsbad, and Denver-Aurora
Maria Magdelana Von Losch Beyyer know as who
Marlene Dietrich
open_qa
[INST] Maria Magdelana Von Losch Beyyer know as who [/INST] Marlene Dietrich
Who was the 45th President of the United States of America?
Donald J. Trump was the 45th President of the United States of America
open_qa
[INST] Who was the 45th President of the United States of America? [/INST] Donald J. Trump was the 45th President of the United States of America
What is the greenhouse effect?
The greenhouse effect is the process by which the sun's energy gets trapped in a planet's atmosphere and heat's the planet's surface. The energy gets trapped due to the planet's atmosphere having a higher transparency to visible radiation from the sun than it does to infrared radiation that gets emitted after bouncing off of the planet's surface.
general_qa
[INST] What is the greenhouse effect? [/INST] The greenhouse effect is the process by which the sun's energy gets trapped in a planet's atmosphere and heat's the planet's surface. The energy gets trapped due to the planet's atmosphere having a higher transparency to visible radiation from the sun than it does to infrared radiation that gets emitted after bouncing off of the planet's surface.
Where is Malard
Malard (Persian: ملارد, also Romanized as Malārd and Melārd; also known as Malār) is a city in the Central District of Malard County, Tehran province, Iran, and serves as capital of the county. At the 2006 census, its population was 228,673 in 61,302 households. The following census in 2011 counted 290,817 people in 85,445 households. The latest census in 2016 showed a population of 281,027 people in 86,830 households.
Malard is a city in the Central District of Malard County, Tehran province, Iran, and serves as capital of the county. At the 2006 census, its population was 228,673 in 61,302 households. The following census in 2011 counted 290,817 people in 85,445 households. The latest census in 2016 showed a population of 281,027 people in 86,830 households.
summarization
[INST] Where is Malard [/INST] Malard is a city in the Central District of Malard County, Tehran province, Iran, and serves as capital of the county. At the 2006 census, its population was 228,673 in 61,302 households. The following census in 2011 counted 290,817 people in 85,445 households. The latest census in 2016 showed a population of 281,027 people in 86,830 households.
What are the benefits of ranked voting?
In elections for political office, ranked voting allows second, third and lower preference choices to be given weight in the event a voter's higher ranked choices do not show the electoral strength necessary to win a given election. In this way, overall social utility is maximized in the sense that the optimal level of voter happiness will be achieved. Ranked voting will give centrist and more moderate candidates and parties a greater chance to succeed in elections, reducing the power of the extreme elements on both sides of the political spectrum. It will encourage more moderate candidates to step forward and more moderate third parties to form. The extreme partisanship currently existing in politics will be mitigated. Donald Trump would likely not have won the Republican presidential nomination in 2016 because, although he had a very committed backing of a large minority of Republican voters, he faced a divided field of more moderate and traditional candidates who split the more rational majority of the party. Trump would likely not have been the second choice for many of the backers of other candidates. A more moderate candidate would likely have emerged as the eventual nominee. Opponents of ranked voting cite possible complexity and greater threat of computerized hacking or errors impacting election results. Entrenched politicians of both major parties oppose ranked voting because they do not want to encourage the formation of centrist third parties that could jeopardize the standing of their parties and their own political careers.
general_qa
[INST] What are the benefits of ranked voting? [/INST] In elections for political office, ranked voting allows second, third and lower preference choices to be given weight in the event a voter's higher ranked choices do not show the electoral strength necessary to win a given election. In this way, overall social utility is maximized in the sense that the optimal level of voter happiness will be achieved. Ranked voting will give centrist and more moderate candidates and parties a greater chance to succeed in elections, reducing the power of the extreme elements on both sides of the political spectrum. It will encourage more moderate candidates to step forward and more moderate third parties to form. The extreme partisanship currently existing in politics will be mitigated. Donald Trump would likely not have won the Republican presidential nomination in 2016 because, although he had a very committed backing of a large minority of Republican voters, he faced a divided field of more moderate and traditional candidates who split the more rational majority of the party. Trump would likely not have been the second choice for many of the backers of other candidates. A more moderate candidate would likely have emerged as the eventual nominee. Opponents of ranked voting cite possible complexity and greater threat of computerized hacking or errors impacting election results. Entrenched politicians of both major parties oppose ranked voting because they do not want to encourage the formation of centrist third parties that could jeopardize the standing of their parties and their own political careers.
Find the bird in this list: Aquatic warbler, Tiger, Shark
Aquatic warbler
classification
[INST] Find the bird in this list: Aquatic warbler, Tiger, Shark [/INST] Aquatic warbler
What is does the stars represent on the United States of America flag?
The national flag of the United States of America (often referred to as the American flag, or the U.S. flag) consists of thirteen equal horizontal stripes of red (top and bottom) alternating with white, with a blue rectangle in the canton (referred to specifically as the "union") bearing fifty small, white, five-pointed stars arranged in nine offset horizontal rows, where rows of six stars (top and bottom) alternate with rows of five stars. The 50 stars on the flag represent the 50 U.S. states, and the 13 stripes represent the thirteen British colonies that declared independence from Great Britain, and became the first states in the U.S. Nicknames for the flag include the Stars and Stripes, Old Glory, and the Star-Spangled Banner.
The 50 stars on the United States of America flag represent the 50 U.S. states.
closed_qa
[INST] What is does the stars represent on the United States of America flag? [/INST] The 50 stars on the United States of America flag represent the 50 U.S. states.
Identify which instrument is string or percussion: Huiringua, Pipa
Pipa is string, Huiringua is percussion.
classification
[INST] Identify which instrument is string or percussion: Huiringua, Pipa [/INST] Pipa is string, Huiringua is percussion.
What is the largest lake in Switzerland?
The largest lake in Switzerland with an area of 218 km2 is Lake Neuchâtel. Lake Geneva is the largest freshwater lake in Central Europe, but is divided between Switzerland and France.
open_qa
[INST] What is the largest lake in Switzerland? [/INST] The largest lake in Switzerland with an area of 218 km2 is Lake Neuchâtel. Lake Geneva is the largest freshwater lake in Central Europe, but is divided between Switzerland and France.
Best place to visit in West bengal
1. Darjeeling 2, Kolkata
brainstorming
[INST] Best place to visit in West bengal [/INST] 1. Darjeeling 2, Kolkata
Extract all of the dates mentioned in this paragraph and list them using bullets in the format {Date} - {Description}
The Ghana Space Science and Technology Institute (GSSTI) was first established as a Centre under the School of Nuclear and Allied Sciences (SNAS) in January 2011 and launched in May 2012. It was later upgraded to an Institute in August 2013, to exploit space science and technology for socio-economic development of the country.
• January 2011 - This is when the Ghana Space Science and Technology Institute (GSSTI) was first established as a Centre under the School of Nuclear and Allied Sciences • May 2012 - This is when the Ghana Space Science and Technology Institute (GSSTI) was launched • August 2013 - This is when the Ghana Space Science and Technology Institute was upgraded to an Institute
information_extraction
[INST] Extract all of the dates mentioned in this paragraph and list them using bullets in the format {Date} - {Description} [/INST] • January 2011 - This is when the Ghana Space Science and Technology Institute (GSSTI) was first established as a Centre under the School of Nuclear and Allied Sciences • May 2012 - This is when the Ghana Space Science and Technology Institute (GSSTI) was launched • August 2013 - This is when the Ghana Space Science and Technology Institute was upgraded to an Institute
Short Summary about 2011 Cricket World Cup
The 2011 ICC Cricket World Cup was the tenth Cricket World Cup. It was played in India, Sri Lanka, and for the first time in Bangladesh. India won the tournament, defeating Sri Lanka by 6 wickets in the final at Wankhede Stadium in Mumbai, thus becoming the first country to win the Cricket World Cup final on home soil. India's Yuvraj Singh was declared the man of the tournament. This was the first time in World Cup history that two Asian teams had appeared in the final. It was also the first time since the 1992 World Cup that the final match did not feature Australia. Fourteen national cricket teams took part in this tournament, including 10 full members and four associate members of the International Cricket Council (ICC). The opening ceremony was held on 17 February 2011 at Bangabandhu National Stadium, Dhaka, and the tournament was played between 19 February and 2 April. The first match was played between India and Bangladesh at the Sher-e-Bangla National Stadium in Mirpur, Dhaka.
- 2011 Cricket World Cup was played in India, Sri Lanka and Bangladesh - India won the tournament defeating Sri Lanka. - Yuvraj Singh was declared the Man of the Tournament - Opening Ceremony was held on 17 February 2011 at Dhaka
summarization
[INST] Short Summary about 2011 Cricket World Cup [/INST] - 2011 Cricket World Cup was played in India, Sri Lanka and Bangladesh - India won the tournament defeating Sri Lanka. - Yuvraj Singh was declared the Man of the Tournament - Opening Ceremony was held on 17 February 2011 at Dhaka
How long does a tennis match take?
A tennis match is usually played as the best of three or five sets, where each set is played as the first to six games with at least a two game margin. A tiebreaker is played if both sides win 6 games. The relative skill of the players, the frequency of breaks, and other factors can all affect the length of a tennis match, but usually a best-of-three set will take around 90 minutes and a best-of-five set will take around 2 and a half hours to 3 hours.
open_qa
[INST] How long does a tennis match take? [/INST] A tennis match is usually played as the best of three or five sets, where each set is played as the first to six games with at least a two game margin. A tiebreaker is played if both sides win 6 games. The relative skill of the players, the frequency of breaks, and other factors can all affect the length of a tennis match, but usually a best-of-three set will take around 90 minutes and a best-of-five set will take around 2 and a half hours to 3 hours.
Quel a été l'impact de la révolution française ?
La Révolution française est une période de bouleversements sociaux et politiques de grande envergure en France, dans ses colonies et en Europe à la fin du xviiie siècle. La période habituellement comprise s'étend entre l'ouverture des États généraux, le 5 mai 1789, et au plus tard le coup d'État de Napoléon Bonaparte le 9 novembre 1799 (18 brumaire de l'an VIII). Cette période de l'histoire de France a mis fin à l'Ancien Régime en remplaçant la monarchie absolue par une suite de régimes plus ou moins définis, dont la Première République un peu plus de trois ans après la prise de la Bastille. La Révolution française a légué de toutes nouvelles formes politiques, notamment au travers de la Déclaration des droits de l'homme et du citoyen de 1789 qui proclame l'égalité des citoyens devant la loi, les libertés fondamentales, et la souveraineté de la Nation, et se constituant autour d'un État. « Mythe national », ses valeurs et les institutions de la Révolution dominent encore aujourd'hui la vie politique française. La Révolution a entraîné la suppression de la société d'ordres (féodalité, privilèges…), une plus grande division de la propriété foncière, la limitation de l'exercice du pouvoir politique, le rééquilibrage des relations entre l'Église et l'État et la redéfinition des structures familiales. Elle fut marquée par des périodes de grande violence, notamment pendant la Terreur, dans le cadre de la tentative de contre-révolution de la guerre de Vendée, au cours de laquelle plusieurs centaines de milliers de personnes trouvèrent la mort, lors des insurrections fédéralistes ou dans le cadre de luttes entre factions révolutionnaires rivales, qui ont abouti à la mort successive des principales figures révolutionnaires.
la révolution française a eu plusieurs impacts, sociaux et politiques. On doit à la révolution française la déclaration des droits de l'homme et du citoyen, ainsi que l'égalité des chances pour accéder au pouvoir politique, la séparation de l' église et l'état et une meilleure posture pour les femmes au sein de la société
summarization
[INST] Quel a été l'impact de la révolution française ? [/INST] la révolution française a eu plusieurs impacts, sociaux et politiques. On doit à la révolution française la déclaration des droits de l'homme et du citoyen, ainsi que l'égalité des chances pour accéder au pouvoir politique, la séparation de l' église et l'état et une meilleure posture pour les femmes au sein de la société
Where is Jon Rahm from?
Jon Rahm Rodríguez (born 10 November 1994) is a Spanish professional golfer. He was the number one golfer in the World Amateur Golf Ranking for a record 60 weeks and later became world number one in the Official World Golf Ranking, first achieving that rank after winning the Memorial Tournament in July 2020. In June 2021, Rahm became the first Spanish golfer to win the U.S. Open. In 2023, he won the Masters Tournament, for his second major championship.
Spain
closed_qa
[INST] Where is Jon Rahm from? [/INST] Spain
Was Richard Nixon born in California?
Richard Milhous Nixon was born on January 9, 1913, in what was then the township precinct of Yorba Linda, California, in a house built by his father, located on his family's lemon ranch
Richard Nixon was born in Yorba Linda, CA which is located in Orange County.
closed_qa
[INST] Was Richard Nixon born in California? [/INST] Richard Nixon was born in Yorba Linda, CA which is located in Orange County.
How do I get to Juneau, Alaska?
There are no roads that lead directly to Juneau, Alaska. That leaves two options, by boat or by plane. Remote Alaskan villages and cities like Juneau are one of the reasons bush pilots are so prevalent in the state.
general_qa
[INST] How do I get to Juneau, Alaska? [/INST] There are no roads that lead directly to Juneau, Alaska. That leaves two options, by boat or by plane. Remote Alaskan villages and cities like Juneau are one of the reasons bush pilots are so prevalent in the state.
Describe a situation in which scraping data from the web may be justified. Illustrate this situation with a specific example.
I envisioned a business that tracks all the B2B digital partnerships (data connectors between apps). The B2B partnership data can be easily monetized with ads and can be a data source for content-generation activities like blogs, interactive charts, etc. An example of B2B partnership data is an app store or digital marketplace. (Example - https://ecosystem.hubspot.com/marketplace/apps/). HubSpot ecosystem has B2B partnerships with 600+ companies. A rich data set that tracks B2B partnership data must track thousands of companies' App Store or marketplace. For example, the company's marketplace data connectors include the HubSpot ecosystem, Salesforce app exchange, Google Cloud marketplace, Azure, and Dropbox connectors. The B2B data connectors for all the companies must be scrapped from the company's website and are not available via API or other methods.
creative_writing
[INST] Describe a situation in which scraping data from the web may be justified. Illustrate this situation with a specific example. [/INST] I envisioned a business that tracks all the B2B digital partnerships (data connectors between apps). The B2B partnership data can be easily monetized with ads and can be a data source for content-generation activities like blogs, interactive charts, etc. An example of B2B partnership data is an app store or digital marketplace. (Example - https://ecosystem.hubspot.com/marketplace/apps/). HubSpot ecosystem has B2B partnerships with 600+ companies. A rich data set that tracks B2B partnership data must track thousands of companies' App Store or marketplace. For example, the company's marketplace data connectors include the HubSpot ecosystem, Salesforce app exchange, Google Cloud marketplace, Azure, and Dropbox connectors. The B2B data connectors for all the companies must be scrapped from the company's website and are not available via API or other methods.
What is Renaissance?
Renaissance is a time period in the European history where the central idea changed to Humanism which promotes that idea that Humans achievements should not only celebrated but also revered. Renaissance had a great impact on the European Art scene and acted revolutionized the way people's view towards art, education, music, science and religion. This also had long reaching impacts on social fabric of Europe and extended its influence on the worlds as a whole.
open_qa
[INST] What is Renaissance? [/INST] Renaissance is a time period in the European history where the central idea changed to Humanism which promotes that idea that Humans achievements should not only celebrated but also revered. Renaissance had a great impact on the European Art scene and acted revolutionized the way people's view towards art, education, music, science and religion. This also had long reaching impacts on social fabric of Europe and extended its influence on the worlds as a whole.
Given this paragraph about a Tree well, why is it so dangerous for hikers, snowboarder, skiers and any snow practitioners
A tree well, also known as a spruce trap, is the space around a tree under its branches that does not get the same amount of snow as the surrounding open space. This creates a void or area of loose snow below the branches and around the trunk that is dangerous to any hikers, snowshoers, skiers, snowboarders, and snowmobilers who fall into them. If someone lands in such a well, often as a result of a fall, it can be too deep for them to climb up the surrounding loose snow before they are buried. Making the situation more dangerous, they often fall into the well head-first and as the result of an accident which could leave them injured or unconscious
It is dangerous because it creates an area of loose snow below the branches and around the trunk, and when someone will fall into this area it can be too deep for this person to climb up before they are buried. Another dangerous aspect is the fact that they could fall head-first which could leave them injured or unconscious.
closed_qa
[INST] Given this paragraph about a Tree well, why is it so dangerous for hikers, snowboarder, skiers and any snow practitioners [/INST] It is dangerous because it creates an area of loose snow below the branches and around the trunk, and when someone will fall into this area it can be too deep for this person to climb up before they are buried. Another dangerous aspect is the fact that they could fall head-first which could leave them injured or unconscious.
Which of these are both movies and books: Harry Potter, Lord of the Rings, Brave World, The Shawshank Redemption.
Harry Potter and Lord of the Rings were adapted to movies from books.
classification
[INST] Which of these are both movies and books: Harry Potter, Lord of the Rings, Brave World, The Shawshank Redemption. [/INST] Harry Potter and Lord of the Rings were adapted to movies from books.
What event triggered the start of WWI?
WWI began with the assassination of Archduke Franz Ferdinand
open_qa
[INST] What event triggered the start of WWI? [/INST] WWI began with the assassination of Archduke Franz Ferdinand
Tell me different stages in data lifecycle.
1. Data Ingestion: In this stage, data from producers is ingested and collected for later processing. 2. Data Processing: Once the data is ingested and collected, mostly in raw format, it goes through various processing steps. It is one of the core responsibilities of data pipelines. This stage can further divide into sub-stages. 3. Data Storage: All the collected and processing is stored in various formats. Based on specific needs, there can be one or more tools or paradigm employed. 4. Data Analysis or Visualisation: In this layer, processed data is analysed to derive meaningful insights and mostly present in some visual form.
brainstorming
[INST] Tell me different stages in data lifecycle. [/INST] 1. Data Ingestion: In this stage, data from producers is ingested and collected for later processing. 2. Data Processing: Once the data is ingested and collected, mostly in raw format, it goes through various processing steps. It is one of the core responsibilities of data pipelines. This stage can further divide into sub-stages. 3. Data Storage: All the collected and processing is stored in various formats. Based on specific needs, there can be one or more tools or paradigm employed. 4. Data Analysis or Visualisation: In this layer, processed data is analysed to derive meaningful insights and mostly present in some visual form.
Provide a list of superpower you wish you had
1. Fly 2. Hold breath forever 3. Read minds 4. Infinite strength 5. Time Travel 6. Invisibility 7. Future Telling
brainstorming
[INST] Provide a list of superpower you wish you had [/INST] 1. Fly 2. Hold breath forever 3. Read minds 4. Infinite strength 5. Time Travel 6. Invisibility 7. Future Telling
Given a reference text about the incudomalleolar joint, tell me its main function.
The incudomalleolar joint (more correctly called incudomallear joint) or articulatio incudomallearis is a small synovial joint between the malleus (hammer) and the incus (anvil). The joint's function is to transfer vibrations between the ossicles in the middle ear, which is perceived as sound. Contrary to other synovial joints the movement is very limited. All of the ossicles move more or less as a unit, at least at low frequencies. When the eardrum is moved inward due to sound vibrations, transferred through the outer ear, it transmits to the handle or manubrium of the malleus which is connected to the ear drum. The head of the malleus (caput mallei) moves with it and transfers energy/movement to the corpus of the incus (corpus incudis), which is located directly behind. The sound vibrations are then transferred to the stapes (stirrup) through the incudostapedial joint.
The function of the incudomalleolar joint is to transfer vibrations between the ossicles in the middle ear.
closed_qa
[INST] Given a reference text about the incudomalleolar joint, tell me its main function. [/INST] The function of the incudomalleolar joint is to transfer vibrations between the ossicles in the middle ear.
What are some classes you need to take in university to become an aerospace engineer?
Some classes you need to take in university to become an aerospace engineer include thermodynamics, aerodynamics, fluid dynamics, and mechanics of materials.
open_qa
[INST] What are some classes you need to take in university to become an aerospace engineer? [/INST] Some classes you need to take in university to become an aerospace engineer include thermodynamics, aerodynamics, fluid dynamics, and mechanics of materials.
What's the best way to learn something?
Learning is a constant process. One way to efficiently start learning something would be to understand the fundamentals first and dive deeper into the subtopics as you get more familiar with the core concepts. Read as much as possible and create an outline on the topic. Leverage the five Ws technique of problem solving - Who, What, When, Where and Why. There are numerous ways to get familiarized with concepts. One way to do it would be to jot down your notes, try to make connections and try to simplify the ideas if possible. Assume that you are trying to explain this to a five year old, how would you build the topic, make it interesting either by visualizations, metaphors etc.? Another beneficial technique that can be of good help here, would be to put the concept into application in some form or the other. This can be done by either practicing the concepts in real life if feasible, or by observing its presence and relevance. Finally, try and teach the concepts to others. This is an extremely effective way to gain fluency and expertise on a subject.
creative_writing
[INST] What's the best way to learn something? [/INST] Learning is a constant process. One way to efficiently start learning something would be to understand the fundamentals first and dive deeper into the subtopics as you get more familiar with the core concepts. Read as much as possible and create an outline on the topic. Leverage the five Ws technique of problem solving - Who, What, When, Where and Why. There are numerous ways to get familiarized with concepts. One way to do it would be to jot down your notes, try to make connections and try to simplify the ideas if possible. Assume that you are trying to explain this to a five year old, how would you build the topic, make it interesting either by visualizations, metaphors etc.? Another beneficial technique that can be of good help here, would be to put the concept into application in some form or the other. This can be done by either practicing the concepts in real life if feasible, or by observing its presence and relevance. Finally, try and teach the concepts to others. This is an extremely effective way to gain fluency and expertise on a subject.
Where did Adlai Stevenson II spend his early life?
Adlai Ewing Stevenson II was born in Los Angeles, California, in a neighborhood that is now designated as the North University Park Historic District. His home and birthplace at 2639 Monmouth Avenue has been designated as a Los Angeles Historic-Cultural Monument. He was a member of a prominent Illinois political family. His grandfather and namesake Adlai Stevenson I was Vice President of the United States under President Grover Cleveland from 1893 to 1897. His father, Lewis Stevenson, never held an elected office, but was appointed Illinois Secretary of State (1914–1917) and was considered a strong contender for the Democratic vice-presidential nomination in 1928. A maternal great-grandfather, Jesse W. Fell, had been a close friend and campaign manager for Abraham Lincoln in his 1858 US Senate race; Stevenson often referred to Fell as his favorite ancestor. Stevenson's eldest son, Adlai E. Stevenson III, became a U.S. Senator from Illinois (1970–1981). His mother was Helen Davis Stevenson, and he had an older sister, Elizabeth Stevenson Ives, an author who was called "Buffie". Actor McLean Stevenson was a second cousin once removed. He was the nephew by marriage of novelist Mary Borden, and she assisted in the writing of some of his political speeches. Stevenson was raised in the city of Bloomington, Illinois; his family was a member of Bloomington's upper class and lived in one of the city's well-to-do neighborhoods. On December 30, 1912, at the age of twelve, Stevenson accidentally killed Ruth Merwin, a 16-year-old friend, while demonstrating drill technique with a rifle, inadvertently left loaded, during a party at the Stevenson home. Stevenson was devastated by the accident and rarely mentioned or discussed it as an adult, even with his wife and children. However, in 1955 Stevenson heard about a woman whose son had experienced a similar tragedy. He wrote to her that she should tell her son that "he must now live for two", which Stevenson's friends took to be a reference to the shooting incident. Stevenson left Bloomington High School after his junior year and attended University High School in Normal, Illinois, Bloomington's "twin city", just to the north. He then went to boarding school in Connecticut at The Choate School (now Choate Rosemary Hall), where he played on the tennis team, acted in plays, and was elected editor-in-chief of The Choate News, the school newspaper. Upon his graduation from Choate in 1918, he enlisted in the United States Naval Reserve and served at the rank of seaman apprentice, but his training was completed too late for him to participate in World War I. He attended Princeton University, becoming managing editor of The Daily Princetonian, a member of the American Whig-Cliosophic Society, a member of the Quadrangle Club, and received a B.A. degree in 1922 in literature and history. Under prodding from his father he then went to Harvard Law School, but found the law to be "uninteresting", and withdrew after failing several classes. He returned to Bloomington where he wrote for the family newspaper, The Daily Pantagraph, which was founded by his maternal great-grandfather Jesse Fell. The Pantagraph, which had one of the largest circulations of any newspaper in Illinois outside the Chicago area, was a main source of the Stevenson family's wealth. Following his mother's death in 1935, Adlai inherited one-quarter of the Pantagraph's stock, providing him with a large, dependable source of income for the rest of his life. A year after leaving Harvard, Stevenson became interested in the law again after talking to Supreme Court Justice Oliver Wendell Holmes Jr. When he returned home to Bloomington, he decided to finish his degree at Northwestern University School of Law, attending classes during the week and returning to Bloomington on the weekends to write for the Pantagraph. Stevenson received his J.D. degree from Northwestern in 1926 and passed the Illinois state bar examination that year. He obtained a position at Cutting, Moore & Sidley, one of Chicago's oldest and most prestigious law firms.
Adlai Stevenson II was born in Los Angeles, California but raised in Bloomington, Illinois. After high school he moved to Normal, Illinois then went to boarding school in Connecticut. For college he went to Princeton then briefly attended Harvard Law School. After leaving Harvard he returned to Bloomington but attended classes at Northwestern University School of Law during the week.
summarization
[INST] Where did Adlai Stevenson II spend his early life? [/INST] Adlai Stevenson II was born in Los Angeles, California but raised in Bloomington, Illinois. After high school he moved to Normal, Illinois then went to boarding school in Connecticut. For college he went to Princeton then briefly attended Harvard Law School. After leaving Harvard he returned to Bloomington but attended classes at Northwestern University School of Law during the week.
Identify which car manufacturer is Italian or American: Lancia, Tesla
Tesla is American, Lancia is Italian
classification
[INST] Identify which car manufacturer is Italian or American: Lancia, Tesla [/INST] Tesla is American, Lancia is Italian
Using the two paragraphs below, when was the Ukrainian Chorus Dumka of NY founded, and when did it play in Ukraine for the first time?
Ukrainian Chorus Dumka of New York was founded in 1949 with the goal "to preserve and cultivate the rich musical heritage of Ukraine", both for the church and for secular occasions. In the beginning, the chorus was a men's chorus of Ukrainian immigrants who met to sing music they loved. The first music director was L. Krushelnycky. The group became a mixed choir in 1959. They have performed in New York at locations including in Alice Tully Hall, Avery Fisher Hall, Brooklyn Academy of Music, Carnegie Hall, Madison Square Garden, St. Patrick's Cathedral, and Town Hall. They toured to the Kennedy Center in Washington, and in several European capitals. In 1990, the chorus toured Ukraine for the first time, singing in Kyiv, Lviv, Poltava, and Kaniv. They made recordings of both church and secular music.
The Ukrainian Chorus Dumka of New York was founded in 1949. It toured Ukraine for the first time in 1990.
information_extraction
[INST] Using the two paragraphs below, when was the Ukrainian Chorus Dumka of NY founded, and when did it play in Ukraine for the first time? [/INST] The Ukrainian Chorus Dumka of New York was founded in 1949. It toured Ukraine for the first time in 1990.
Who is Satoshi Nakamoto?
"Satoshi Nakamoto is the name used by the presumed inventors of Bitcoin. It is probably a pseudonym or nom de plume for the creator. The anonymous programmer, Satoshi Nakamoto allegedly developed bitcoin, authored the bitcoin white paper, and created how it was to be used. As part of the implementation, Nakamoto devised the first blockchain database, this has been confirmed. They were active in developing bitcoin until December 2010. Many people have claimed, or have been claimed, to be Nakamoto. Nakamoto's BTC wallet worth approx. 1 million BTC (48 billion USD) or 5% of all BTC mined to this day, was activated in December 2021 after 10 years. Before this it was last activated 17 May 2010."
Satoshi Nakamoto is the name used by the presumed inventors of Bitcoin. It is probably a pseudonym or nom de plume for the creator.
closed_qa
[INST] Who is Satoshi Nakamoto? [/INST] Satoshi Nakamoto is the name used by the presumed inventors of Bitcoin. It is probably a pseudonym or nom de plume for the creator.
What are dividends?
A dividend is paid as a percentage on the price of an individual stock. It can be paid out quarterly, monthly, or yearly. It's a payment or distribution of earning from a company paid to shareholders and it is approved by the company's board of directors. It can be paid out as a cash payment or in company stock.
open_qa
[INST] What are dividends? [/INST] A dividend is paid as a percentage on the price of an individual stock. It can be paid out quarterly, monthly, or yearly. It's a payment or distribution of earning from a company paid to shareholders and it is approved by the company's board of directors. It can be paid out as a cash payment or in company stock.
Give me a list of things to do when I feel cold
When you feel cold, you could try putting on a jacket, using a blanket, turning up the heating, making yourself some tea or another hot drink or starting a fire in the fireplace.
brainstorming
[INST] Give me a list of things to do when I feel cold [/INST] When you feel cold, you could try putting on a jacket, using a blanket, turning up the heating, making yourself some tea or another hot drink or starting a fire in the fireplace.
Why do people use a mobile phone?
People use a mobile phones for different reasons. For example, they can use it to connect with friends and family by text messages or phone calls. Also, they can install other social apps such as Facebook, Instagram and Whatsapp that help them connect. Some might also use it for work, to communicate with colleagues and access work-related apps and email from anywhere. Also, mobile phones provide access to unlimited information through the Internet so that you can stay connected anytime from anywhere.
general_qa
[INST] Why do people use a mobile phone? [/INST] People use a mobile phones for different reasons. For example, they can use it to connect with friends and family by text messages or phone calls. Also, they can install other social apps such as Facebook, Instagram and Whatsapp that help them connect. Some might also use it for work, to communicate with colleagues and access work-related apps and email from anywhere. Also, mobile phones provide access to unlimited information through the Internet so that you can stay connected anytime from anywhere.
Why do people like golf?
Golf is an enjoyable and social sport that one can play for their entire life. People like it because it gives them a chance to be outdoors and enjoy the fresh air. Some golf courses also provide picturesque views of the ocean or the mountains, depending upon their location. This is why one sees lots of golf vacations. Golf can be technically challenging and requires a mix of both physical and mental skills to play the game, which is what makes it an exciting game to enjoy with friends, family and competitors.
general_qa
[INST] Why do people like golf? [/INST] Golf is an enjoyable and social sport that one can play for their entire life. People like it because it gives them a chance to be outdoors and enjoy the fresh air. Some golf courses also provide picturesque views of the ocean or the mountains, depending upon their location. This is why one sees lots of golf vacations. Golf can be technically challenging and requires a mix of both physical and mental skills to play the game, which is what makes it an exciting game to enjoy with friends, family and competitors.
What factors influence mental health issues in young people?
There are many factors which are affecting mental health issues in people today - these include: - High inflation - Wage stagnation - Low job prospects - Poor access to physical and mental healthcare - Lack of home ownership - Superficial internet presence
brainstorming
[INST] What factors influence mental health issues in young people? [/INST] There are many factors which are affecting mental health issues in people today - these include: - High inflation - Wage stagnation - Low job prospects - Poor access to physical and mental healthcare - Lack of home ownership - Superficial internet presence
Extract the locations where McEwan lived as a child and list them using bullets.
McEwan was born in Aldershot, Hampshire, on 21 June 1948, the son of David McEwan and Rose Lilian Violet (née Moore). His father was a working-class Scotsman who had worked his way up through the army to the rank of major. McEwan spent much of his childhood in East Asia (including Singapore), Germany, and north Africa (including Libya), where his father was posted. His family returned to England when he was 12 years old. He was educated at Woolverstone Hall School in Suffolk; the University of Sussex, where he received a degree in English literature in 1970; and the University of East Anglia, where he undertook a master's degree in literature (with the option to submit creative writing instead of a critical dissertation).
-Aldershot, Hampshire -East Asia (including Singapore) -Germany -North Africa (including Libya)
information_extraction
[INST] Extract the locations where McEwan lived as a child and list them using bullets. [/INST] -Aldershot, Hampshire -East Asia (including Singapore) -Germany -North Africa (including Libya)
Write me a text to someone I work with asking them to cover my shift because I got sick. Use a polite tone.
Hi <insert name here>, I’m running a fever and my doctor recommended I find someone else to take my shift. Unfortunately it’s contagious and I’m worried that I’ll get everyone else sick if I go. Is there any chance you could step in for me? I’ll owe you one big time, but totally get it if this is too last minute. Let me know!
creative_writing
[INST] Write me a text to someone I work with asking them to cover my shift because I got sick. Use a polite tone. [/INST] Hi <insert name here>, I’m running a fever and my doctor recommended I find someone else to take my shift. Unfortunately it’s contagious and I’m worried that I’ll get everyone else sick if I go. Is there any chance you could step in for me? I’ll owe you one big time, but totally get it if this is too last minute. Let me know!
Would you rather be stuck on a broken ski lift or a broken elevator?
While both are not ideal situations, at least with the ski lift, you get to have a view and fresh air. It’s also important in terms of communication, if you are stuck in an elevator during a black-out , it might be challenging to communicate before help can arrive. This is important if you are claustrophobic.
brainstorming
[INST] Would you rather be stuck on a broken ski lift or a broken elevator? [/INST] While both are not ideal situations, at least with the ski lift, you get to have a view and fresh air. It’s also important in terms of communication, if you are stuck in an elevator during a black-out , it might be challenging to communicate before help can arrive. This is important if you are claustrophobic.
Why are plants green?
Green coloration comes from the reflection of light off of a plant's cells. The plants cells are full of photosynthesizing chemicals called chlorophyll which reflect a green color. Not all plants look green though, due to the ability to reflect other wavelengths of light. When plants lose chlorophyll they will tend to lose the green color. This is why plants lose their green color in the fall and turn into red, orange, and yellow.
open_qa
[INST] Why are plants green? [/INST] Green coloration comes from the reflection of light off of a plant's cells. The plants cells are full of photosynthesizing chemicals called chlorophyll which reflect a green color. Not all plants look green though, due to the ability to reflect other wavelengths of light. When plants lose chlorophyll they will tend to lose the green color. This is why plants lose their green color in the fall and turn into red, orange, and yellow.
What is the legality of owning an alligator as a pet in the United States?
26 states outright forbid owning an alligator as a pet. 12 states allow ownership with proper permitting. 11 states allow ownership with no need for a permit; of those 11 states, 5 do not have any permit requirements to own any exotic animal. While Wyoming prohibits certain game animals from being owned as pets, the state does not include nor exclude alligators in specific listings, so presumably, one can own a pet alligator unpermitted in Wyoming.
open_qa
[INST] What is the legality of owning an alligator as a pet in the United States? [/INST] 26 states outright forbid owning an alligator as a pet. 12 states allow ownership with proper permitting. 11 states allow ownership with no need for a permit; of those 11 states, 5 do not have any permit requirements to own any exotic animal. While Wyoming prohibits certain game animals from being owned as pets, the state does not include nor exclude alligators in specific listings, so presumably, one can own a pet alligator unpermitted in Wyoming.
In music, what key is the relative minor to the key of B major?
G# minor is B major's relative minor.
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[INST] In music, what key is the relative minor to the key of B major? [/INST] G# minor is B major's relative minor.
Extract from the text the family of Parametrodes.
Parametrodes is a genus of moths in the family Geometridae.
Geometridae
information_extraction
[INST] Extract from the text the family of Parametrodes. [/INST] Geometridae
Summarize this paragraph
High rates of crime and violence in Latin America are undermining growth, threatening human welfare, and impeding social development, according to World Bank and the United Nations Office on Drugs and Crime (UNODC). According to the Financial Times, "The region registers close to 40 per cent of the world’s murders despite being home to only 9 per cent of the global population. According to Lapop, one in four Latin Americans was assaulted and robbed" in 2018. Latin America is caught in a vicious circle, where economic growth is thwarted by high crime rates, and insufficient economic opportunity contributes to high crime. Crime and violence thrives as the rule of law is weak, economic opportunity is scarce, and education is poor. Therefore, effectively addressing crime requires a holistic, multi-sectoral approach that addresses its root social, political, and economic causes. Recent statistics indicate that crime is becoming the biggest problem in Latin America. Amnesty International has declared Latin America as the most dangerous region in the world for journalists to work. In Mexico, armed gangs of rival drug smugglers have been fighting it out with one another, thus creating new hazards in rural areas. Crime is extremely high in all of the major cities in Brazil. Wealthy citizens have had to provide for their own security. In large parts of Rio de Janeiro, armed criminal gangs are said to be in control. Crime statistics were high in El Salvador, Guatemala and Venezuela during 1996. The police have not been able to handle the work load and the military have been called in to assist in these countries. There was a very distinct crime wave happening in Latin America. The city that currently topped the list of the world's most violent cities is San Pedro Sula in Honduras, leading various media sources to label it the "murder capital of the world." Colombia registered a homicide rate of 24.4 per 100,000 in 2016, the lowest since 1974. The 40-year low in murders came the same year that the Colombian government signed a peace agreement with the FARC. Crime is slowing economic growth and undermining democratic consolidation in Latin America. Today, Latin America has the dubious distinction of being most violent region in the world, with combined crime rates more than triple the world average and are comparable to rates in nations experiencing war. This is taking a tremendous toll on development in the region by both affecting economic growth and public faith in democracy. The Inter-American Development Bank estimates that Latin America's per capita Gross Domestic Product would be twenty-five percent higher if the region's crime rates were equal to the world average. Similarly, the World Bank has identified a strong correlation between crime and income inequality. Business associations in the region rank crime as the number one issue negatively affecting trade and investment. Crime-related violence also represents the most important threat to public health, striking more victims than HIV/AIDS or other infectious diseases.
Countries in Latin America are suffering from a high density of crime. This is thwarting their economic growth and undermining democratic consolidation. Such high rates of crime have been correlated with income inequality inherent in those regions. The solution to this situation lies in a multi-sectoral approach that addresses crime's root social, political, and economic causes.
summarization
[INST] Summarize this paragraph [/INST] Countries in Latin America are suffering from a high density of crime. This is thwarting their economic growth and undermining democratic consolidation. Such high rates of crime have been correlated with income inequality inherent in those regions. The solution to this situation lies in a multi-sectoral approach that addresses crime's root social, political, and economic causes.
What is the Kentucky Derby Trophy
The Kentucky Derby Trophy is a set of four trophies that are awarded to the winning connections of America's most famous race: the grade one $3,000,000 Kentucky Derby. The owner receives a gold trophy while the trainer, the jockey and the breeder win a silver half size replica of the main gold trophy. The trophy itself has been run for since the 50th running of the Kentucky Derby in 1924. Churchill Downs Race Course of Louisville, Kentucky has annually presented a gold trophy to the winning owner of the famed "Run for the Roses."
The Kentucky Derby Trophy is a set of four trophies that are awarded to the winning connections of America's most famous race: the grade one $3,000,000 Kentucky Derby. The owner receives a gold trophy while the trainer, the jockey and the breeder win a silver half size replica of the main gold trophy. The trophy itself has been run for since the 50th running of the Kentucky Derby in 1924. Churchill Downs Race Course of Louisville, Kentucky has annually presented a gold trophy to the winning owner of the famed "Run for the Roses."
summarization
[INST] What is the Kentucky Derby Trophy [/INST] The Kentucky Derby Trophy is a set of four trophies that are awarded to the winning connections of America's most famous race: the grade one $3,000,000 Kentucky Derby. The owner receives a gold trophy while the trainer, the jockey and the breeder win a silver half size replica of the main gold trophy. The trophy itself has been run for since the 50th running of the Kentucky Derby in 1924. Churchill Downs Race Course of Louisville, Kentucky has annually presented a gold trophy to the winning owner of the famed "Run for the Roses."
Give me a list of actors who won an Oscar in the last 5 years and tell me for which movie they won it.
1. Brendan Fraser, 2022, The Whale 2. Will Smith, 2021, King Richard 3. Anthony Hopkins, 2020, The father 4. Joaquin Phoenix, 2019, Joker 5. Rami Malek, 2018, Bohemian Rhapsody
brainstorming
[INST] Give me a list of actors who won an Oscar in the last 5 years and tell me for which movie they won it. [/INST] 1. Brendan Fraser, 2022, The Whale 2. Will Smith, 2021, King Richard 3. Anthony Hopkins, 2020, The father 4. Joaquin Phoenix, 2019, Joker 5. Rami Malek, 2018, Bohemian Rhapsody
Give me a bulleted list of ideas for a viral youtube video
• Film yourself biking from California to New York • Create summarizations and synopses of high profile current events and supplement them with high quality editing or animations • Document your journey of mastering a new skill, like learning an instrument, and provide large-scale time lapses where you go from beginner to advanced at the skill. • Film yourself attempting to infiltrate and work for a venue or event, like attempting to sneak into a fashion show and pretending to be, or entering a coffee shop and pretending to be a newly-hired barista
brainstorming
[INST] Give me a bulleted list of ideas for a viral youtube video [/INST] • Film yourself biking from California to New York • Create summarizations and synopses of high profile current events and supplement them with high quality editing or animations • Document your journey of mastering a new skill, like learning an instrument, and provide large-scale time lapses where you go from beginner to advanced at the skill. • Film yourself attempting to infiltrate and work for a venue or event, like attempting to sneak into a fashion show and pretending to be, or entering a coffee shop and pretending to be a newly-hired barista
Best Tea in the World
Assam Tea is the best. It has it's own aroma and distinct taste
brainstorming
[INST] Best Tea in the World [/INST] Assam Tea is the best. It has it's own aroma and distinct taste
Given this paragraph about the Mercury Seven. Who did not survive to reach retirement and what was the cause of their death?
The Mercury Seven were the group of seven astronauts selected to fly spacecraft for Project Mercury. They are also referred to as the Original Seven and Astronaut Group 1. Their names were publicly announced by NASA on April 9, 1959; these seven original American astronauts were Scott Carpenter, Gordon Cooper, John Glenn, Gus Grissom, Wally Schirra, Alan Shepard, and Deke Slayton. The Mercury Seven created a new profession in the United States, and established the image of the American astronaut for decades to come. All of the Mercury Seven eventually flew in space. They piloted the six spaceflights of the Mercury program that had an astronaut on board from May 1961 to May 1963, and members of the group flew on all of the NASA human spaceflight programs of the 20th century – Mercury, Gemini, Apollo, and the Space Shuttle. Shepard became the first American to enter space in 1961, and later walked on the Moon on Apollo 14 in 1971. Grissom flew the first crewed Gemini mission in 1965, but died in 1967 in the Apollo 1 fire; the others all survived past retirement from service. Schirra flew Apollo 7 in 1968, the first crewed Apollo mission, in Grissom's place. Slayton, grounded with an atrial fibrillation, ultimately flew on the Apollo–Soyuz Test Project in 1975. The first American in orbit in 1962, Glenn flew on the Space Shuttle Discovery in 1998 to become, at age 77, the oldest person to fly in space at the time. He was the last living member of the Mercury Seven when he died in 2016 at age 95.
Only Gus Grissom did not survive to reach retirement. All others survived past retirement from service. The cause of his death is the Apollo 1 fire.
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[INST] Given this paragraph about the Mercury Seven. Who did not survive to reach retirement and what was the cause of their death? [/INST] Only Gus Grissom did not survive to reach retirement. All others survived past retirement from service. The cause of his death is the Apollo 1 fire.
Tell me if these are types of rock or types of fungi: sedimentary, yeasts, mildews, metamorphic, igneous, smuts, rusts, molds.
Types of rocks include: sedimentary, metamorphic, igneous. Types of fungi include: yeasts, mildews, smuts, rusts, molds.
classification
[INST] Tell me if these are types of rock or types of fungi: sedimentary, yeasts, mildews, metamorphic, igneous, smuts, rusts, molds. [/INST] Types of rocks include: sedimentary, metamorphic, igneous. Types of fungi include: yeasts, mildews, smuts, rusts, molds.
What begins with the letter "e" and only contains one letter?
An envelope begins with letter "e" and contains only one letter.
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[INST] What begins with the letter "e" and only contains one letter? [/INST] An envelope begins with letter "e" and contains only one letter.
Give me a list of Premier League winners in the last 5 years with corresponding points.
2021-2022: Manchester City, 93 2020-2021: Manchester City, 86 2019-2020: Liverpool, 99 2018-2019: Manchester City, 98 2017-2018: Manchester City, 100
brainstorming
[INST] Give me a list of Premier League winners in the last 5 years with corresponding points. [/INST] 2021-2022: Manchester City, 93 2020-2021: Manchester City, 86 2019-2020: Liverpool, 99 2018-2019: Manchester City, 98 2017-2018: Manchester City, 100
List 3 cities on the east coast of Australia.
Sydney, Brisbane and Newcastle are Australian cities located on the east coast of Australia.
brainstorming
[INST] List 3 cities on the east coast of Australia. [/INST] Sydney, Brisbane and Newcastle are Australian cities located on the east coast of Australia.
What is the Premier League?
The Premier League (legal name: The Football Association Premier League Limited) is the highest level of the English football league system. Contested by 20 clubs, it operates on a system of promotion and relegation with the English Football League (EFL). Seasons typically run from August to May with each team playing 38 matches (playing all other teams both home and away). Most games are played on Saturday and Sunday afternoons, with occasional weekday evening fixtures.
The Premier League is the top tier in English Football. The league has 20 teams where the bottom 3 teams are relegated to the 2nd tier and the top 3 teams from the 2nd tier are promoted. Each team plays the other 19 teams twice. Once home and once away, for a total of 38 games. Most games are played on the weekends from August to May.
summarization
[INST] What is the Premier League? [/INST] The Premier League is the top tier in English Football. The league has 20 teams where the bottom 3 teams are relegated to the 2nd tier and the top 3 teams from the 2nd tier are promoted. Each team plays the other 19 teams twice. Once home and once away, for a total of 38 games. Most games are played on the weekends from August to May.
Name a style of hot yoga.
Bikram.
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[INST] Name a style of hot yoga. [/INST] Bikram.
How is a circular economy different than the USA's economy?
A circular economy (also referred to as circularity and CE) is a model of production and consumption, which involves sharing, leasing, reusing, repairing, refurbishing and recycling existing materials and products for as long as possible. CE aims to tackle global challenges such as climate change, biodiversity loss, waste, and pollution by emphasizing the design-based implementation of the three base principles of the model. The three principles required for the transformation to a circular economy are: eliminating waste and pollution, circulating products and materials, and the regeneration of nature. CE is defined in contradistinction to the traditional linear economy. The idea and concepts of circular economy (CE) have been studied extensively in academia, business, and government over the past ten years. CE has been gaining popularity because it helps to minimize emissions and consumption of raw materials, open up new market prospects and principally, increase the sustainability of consumption and improve resource efficiency. At a government level, CE is viewed as means of combating global warming as well as a facilitator of long-term growth. CE may geographically connect actors and resources to stop material loops at the regional level. In its core principle, the European Parliament defines CE as, “a model of production and consumption, which involves sharing, leasing, reusing, repairing, refurbishing and recycling existing materials and products as long as possible. In this way, the life cycle of products is extended.” In a linear economy, natural resources are turned into products that are ultimately destined to become waste because of the way they have been designed and manufactured. This process is often summarized by "take, make, waste". By contrast, a circular economy employs reuse, sharing, repair, refurbishment, remanufacturing and recycling to create a closed-loop system, reducing the use of resource inputs and the creation of waste, pollution and carbon emissions. The circular economy aims to keep products, materials, equipment and infrastructure in use for longer, thus improving the productivity of these resources. Waste materials and energy should become input for other processes through waste valorization: either as a component for another industrial process or as regenerative resources for nature (e.g., compost). The Ellen MacArthur Foundation (EMF) defines the circular economy as an industrial economy that is restorative or regenerative by value and design.
A circular economy focuses on the principles of eliminating waste and pollution, circulating products and materials, and the regeneration of nature. In contrast, most capitalistic economies are called "linear" in that raw materials are turned into products which are eventually discarded. While a circular economy focuses on sustainable consumption on an Earth with limited resources, linear economies like the USA's implicitly assume a never-ending supply of raw material inputs.
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[INST] How is a circular economy different than the USA's economy? [/INST] A circular economy focuses on the principles of eliminating waste and pollution, circulating products and materials, and the regeneration of nature. In contrast, most capitalistic economies are called "linear" in that raw materials are turned into products which are eventually discarded. While a circular economy focuses on sustainable consumption on an Earth with limited resources, linear economies like the USA's implicitly assume a never-ending supply of raw material inputs.