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[ { "content": "The first question?", "role": "user" }, { "content": "I said I can neither confirm nor deny.", "role": "assistant" }, { "content": "Ah, okay. Right here.\nHi Elon, Alex Heath with ‘The Verge’. The question’s on the self-driving data. You guys are rolling out. Curious why you’re encouraging people to not share videos, making them sign NDAs, just because…", "role": "user" }, { "content": "There’s a lot of videos being shared.", "role": "assistant" } ]

[ { "content": "That’s my hope right now with the way we’re able to communicate with each other today, and how radically different it is than generations past is that we all just, the dust settles. We all realize, like what you’re saying, that most people are good.\nMost people are good.\nThe vast majority.", "role": "user" }, { "content": "Yes. I think if you give people the benefit of doubt, for sure.", "role": "assistant" }, { "content": "I think you’re right. Do you know who could help with that? Mushrooms.", "role": "user" }, { "content": "Mushrooms.", "role": "assistant" } ]

[ { "content": "Now, deleting social media from your applications, from your phones, will that give you a 10% boost to happiness? What do you think the percentage is?", "role": "user" }, { "content": "I think probably something like that, yeah.", "role": "assistant" }, { "content": "Yeah, a good 10%.", "role": "user" }, { "content": "Yeah, I mean, the only thing I’ve kept is Twitter because I kind of like meet some means of getting a message out, you know.Well, that’s about it. So far, so good.", "role": "assistant" } ]

[ { "content": "Yeah. All right. Fine. First of all, I just want to clear something up. Are you sleeping in the office here?", "role": "user" }, { "content": "I sometimes sleep in the office. In the library.", "role": "assistant" }, { "content": "Five days a week?", "role": "user" }, { "content": "No, no.", "role": "assistant" } ]

[ { "content": "You heard it from Elon first – he accepts all your damn cookies.", "role": "user" }, { "content": "Yeah. And stop asking me. It’s annoying.", "role": "assistant" }, { "content": "Yeah, it’s one example of an implementation of a good idea done really horribly.", "role": "user" }, { "content": "Yeah, there’s some good intentions of like privacy or whatever. But now everyone just has to tick ‘accept cookies’, and it’s now you have billions of people who have to keep clicking ‘accept cookie,’ and it’s super annoying. Just accept the damn cookie, it’s fine. I think a fundamental problem that we’re… because we’ve not really had a major, like a World War or something like that – and obviously, we would like to not have World Wars – there’s not been a cleansing function for rules and regulations. Wars did have some silver lining in that… there would be a reset on rules and regulations after a war.\nSo, World Wars I and II, there were huge resets on rules and regulations. If society does not have a war, there’s no cleansing function or garbage collection for rules and regulations – then rules and regulations will accumulate every year because they’re immortal. There’s no actual… humans die, but the laws don’t. So, we need a garbage collection function for rules and regulations. They should not just be immortal because some of the rules and regulations that are put in place will be counterproductive – done with good intentions, but counterproductive. Sometimes not done with good intentions. So, if rules and regulations just accumulate every year, and you get more and more of them, then eventually, you won’t be able to do anything. You just like Gulliver with, you know, tied down by 1,000s of little strings.\nAnd we see that in US and basically all economies that have been around for a while. And regulators and legislators create new rules and regulations every year, but they don’t put effort into removing them. And I think that’s very important that we put effort into removing rules and regulations. But it gets tough because you have special interests that then are dependent on… if they have a vested interest in that whatever rule or regulation, then they fight to not get it removed.", "role": "assistant" } ]

[ { "content": "That’s badass, dude. So, now-", "role": "user" }, { "content": "Those all actually work.", "role": "assistant" }, { "content": "I believe you. So, the solar panels that are on that house that we just looked at, is that sufficient to power the entire home?", "role": "user" }, { "content": "It depends on your energy on how efficient-", "role": "assistant" } ]

[ { "content": "So, we didn’t talk about Space. So let’s talk a little bit about where do you think you’ve enhanced with what you’re doing? Because I think you’re probably the most fast forward of all these efforts.", "role": "user" }, { "content": "So, with respect to SpaceX… let’s see. I mean, there is two… besides overall human spaceflight and providing transport for NASA of astronauts and cargo to and from the Space Station, which we’ve been doing for a while now, over a decade, we have Starlink, which is a global Internet system. And this is, I think, going to have some profound positive effects on the world because Starlink is really designed to serve the least served.", "role": "assistant" }, { "content": "You have 1,300 satellites up right now. Is that correct?", "role": "user" }, { "content": "1,500.", "role": "assistant" } ]

[ { "content": "Oh, really? That’s awesome. It’s a great thing to learn. It really is.", "role": "user" }, { "content": "Yes, seems like a good thing.", "role": "assistant" }, { "content": "Yeah. Maybe something like… mean, even if you just have someone who holds the pads for you, you could get a workout in, and it’d be fun.", "role": "user" }, { "content": "Sure.", "role": "assistant" } ]

[ { "content": "You do?", "role": "user" }, { "content": "Yes.", "role": "assistant" }, { "content": "A better design?", "role": "user" }, { "content": "I mean, probably. I think it is, yes.", "role": "assistant" } ]

[ { "content": "My cousin’s son.", "role": "user" }, { "content": "Cousin’s son, yeah… has a wheat farm there. I worked on the wheat farm for about six weeks, and I turned 18 in Saskatchewan. It’s a town called Swift Current.", "role": "assistant" }, { "content": "That was summertime, right? It’s June.", "role": "user" }, { "content": "Yeah. June 28th.", "role": "assistant" } ]

[ { "content": "We went to visit, and they bought him a new couch.\nI’m not actually a masochist, I think. But the thing is that since the team could see me sleeping on the floor during shift change, they knew I was there. And that made a huge difference. And then they gave it their all.\nElon Musk", "role": "user" }, { "content": "Yeah, but actually, I stopped using the couch. There’s a little conference room and a couch there. I stopped using the couch. I just slept on the floor under my desk so that during shift change, the entire team could see me. And that’s important because if they think that their leader is off somewhere, having a good time, you know, drinking Mai Tais on a tropical island, which I could definitely have been doing and would much have preferred to do. I’m not actually a masochist, I think. But the thing is that since the team could see me sleeping on the floor during shift change, they knew I was there. And that made a huge difference. And then they gave it their all.", "role": "assistant" }, { "content": "So the focus is on always lowering cost and providing leadership. And this company, we’re doing a million and a half cars a year, but you expect to do 20. What happens in 10 years if you’re not there? What happens in five years if you’re not there? How does that work? In all the engineering schools, the top engineering schools, the top choice of where everybody wants to work is Tesla and SpaceX, those two places. So we do have all these people coming up and fighting each other for the job, or they’re working together. How do you get people to say, “Gee, I could buy that real expensive house, but I’m not going to do that. Or I could go on vacation. I’m not.”", "role": "user" }, { "content": "We do have that problem a little bit. So as a company has prosperity, and then people become wealthy, then for a lot of people, you know, once they become sort of independently wealthy, they just can’t bring themselves to work, or they just don’t want to work. And that’s totally understandable, no judgment. I mean, I have a lot of friends who are extremely talented. They had some success earlier in life, and they just decided that was enough trauma. I remember a good friend of mine saying, starting a company is like eating glass and staring into the abyss. So when people say, “Tell me, what can you do to encourage entrepreneurs to start companies?”, I’m like, “If you need encouragement, don’t start a company.”", "role": "assistant" } ]

[ { "content": "Quite frankly, we’ve had lots of people discussing the pros and cons here, but to me, you were saying: well, we got two for one – but you really got three for one, because now you’ve got body stiffness that’s gone up and all the other stuff that’s going along with it. On top of that, you’ve got – when people say, well, what’s it’s like to drive the car because again we’ve stopped in lots of different places and I tell them if you get a 7 series BMW and drive that that’s what you’re basically getting. It’s the same sort of a suspension feel as that, and you’re not muscling anything around. Everything is tight and perfect. And tight’s good.\nWhen you go to those three structural members, I mean, if you put a body on top of that, it’s going to be a perfect build. As a guy who had to work in body shops and as a guy who used to make molds and dyes and whatnot, it’s really difficult to take a whole bunch of pieces and glue them together, and there’s no, nothing right, I’m just using fixtures (…28:40)", "role": "user" }, { "content": "If you have a whole bunch of separate parts and each of them has got a given tolerance, even if that tolerance is tight and it could be, like, 0.2-millimeter tolerance, but you got, like, 50 parts. Okay, now –", "role": "assistant" }, { "content": "And you multiply them together. You can’t win.", "role": "user" }, { "content": "Yeah. Exactly. You’re going to also have just variants between cars. That’s for sure one of the reasons why it’s best to just combine the parts and not have separate parts. Then also go for extreme levels of precision. One of the examples we use at Tesla is Lego. Lego is super precise because the press-fit – I think they’re precise down to about a quarter millimeter or less.", "role": "assistant" } ]

[ { "content": "The fear is that eventually, you’re going to have to cut the whole top of someone’s head off and put a new top with a whole bunch of wires if you want to get the real turbocharged version. The P100D of brain stimulation.", "role": "user" }, { "content": "I mean, ultimately, if you want to go with full AI symbiosis, you’ll probably want to do something like that.", "role": "assistant" }, { "content": "Symbiosis is a scary word when it comes to AI.", "role": "user" }, { "content": "It’s optional.", "role": "assistant" } ]

[ { "content": "What do you think is the most difficult aspect of building a civilization on Mars, terraforming Mars, like from an engineering perspective, from a financial perspective, human perspective, to get a large number of folks there who will never return back to Earth?", "role": "user" }, { "content": "No, they could certainly return. Some will return back to Earth.", "role": "assistant" } ]

[ { "content": "I’m going to shift away from government and come back to your world. Just thinking about sort of how you juggle Tesla and SpaceX, and you’ve said along the way that the workload at Tesla is quite a lot. Have you – and I know now you could regain the chairman position – have you thought about that? Have you thought about that? Have you thought about your title and your position there right now?", "role": "user" }, { "content": "I mean, it’s interesting that these titles… you know that there’s actually only three titles that actually mean anything for a corporation. It’s President, Secretary, and Treasurer, and technically they could be the same person. And all these other titles are just basically made up. So CEO is a made-up title, CFO is a made-up title, General Counsel is a made-up title; they don’t mean anything.", "role": "assistant" }, { "content": "I think in a room of CEOs… how do we feel about that? Yep.", "role": "user" }, { "content": "It was like obviously just somebody’s marketing experiment.", "role": "assistant" } ]

[ { "content": "Right, you’ve got to bit of people, popular Vox Day.", "role": "user" }, { "content": "Exactly.", "role": "assistant" }, { "content": "Is that an exception to the whole as we’ve already established?", "role": "user" }, { "content": "No, look, I said I would appoint a new CEO and I did, and it’s my dog. I don’t know what people have against dogs? They’re fine. Dogs are great.", "role": "assistant" } ]

[ { "content": "Did it work? Is it effective?", "role": "user" }, { "content": "I don’t know. I think so. Yes.", "role": "assistant" }, { "content": "So far.", "role": "user" }, { "content": "Yes. They said you cannot ship a flamethrower.", "role": "assistant" } ]

[ { "content": "Aw, man.", "role": "user" }, { "content": "Pretty fun.", "role": "assistant" }, { "content": "I don’t… It’s not just pretty fun. The way I’ve described it is, it makes other cars seem stupid. They just seem dumb. And I love dumb things. I love dumb cars. Like I love campfires. I love campfires. I have a 1993 Porsche that’s air-cooled. It’s not that fast. It’s really slow compared to the Tesla, really.", "role": "user" }, { "content": "Yeah, actually, it’s really quite slow. But, okay, sure.", "role": "assistant" } ]

[ { "content": "Yes\n,\nbut it’s free.", "role": "user" }, { "content": "It’s free.", "role": "assistant" }, { "content": "There’s something about Texas that’s very enticing because of that. It is dangerous, but it’s also free.", "role": "user" }, { "content": "Right. I kind of like Texas, actually.", "role": "assistant" } ]

[ { "content": "We read the same books. I can tell.", "role": "user" }, { "content": "Absolutely. I mean, something bad is bound to happen if you give it enough time. And civilization has been around for such a very short period of time that these time scales seem very long, but on an evolutionary time scale, they’re very short. A million years on an evolutionary time scale is really not very much. And Earth’s been around for four and a half billion years, so that’s a very tiny, tiny amount of time, really. But for us, that would be… – can you imagine if human civilization continued at anything remotely like the current pace of technology advancement for a million years? Where would we be? I think we’re either extinct or on a lot of planets.", "role": "assistant" }, { "content": "Yes. We should…", "role": "user" }, { "content": "Those are the two options.", "role": "assistant" } ]

[ { "content": "It definitely wouldn’t hurt.", "role": "user" }, { "content": "Yeah, we should do that.", "role": "assistant" }, { "content": "Yeah, I agree, man.", "role": "user" }, { "content": "Like really.", "role": "assistant" } ]

[ { "content": "But you have said that AI is one of the things you’re most worried about and that Neuralink may be one of the ways where we can keep abreast of it.", "role": "user" }, { "content": "Yeah, there’s this short-term thing, which I think is helpful on an individual human level, with injuries. And then the long-term thing is an attempt to address the civilizational risk of AI by bringing digital intelligence and biological intelligence closer together. I mean, if you think of how the brain works today, there’s really kind of two layers to the brain. There’s the limbic system and the cortex. You’ve got the kind of animal brain where… it’s kind of like the fun part, really.", "role": "assistant" }, { "content": "It’s where most of Twitter operates, by the way.", "role": "user" }, { "content": "Yeah, I mean, we’re… I think Tim Urban said this, we’re like somebody’s, you know, stuck a computer on a monkey. We’re like, if you gave a monkey a computer, that’s our cortex, but we still have a lot of monkey instincts what we then try to rationalize as, “No, it’s not a monkey instinct. It’s something more important than that.” But it’s often just really a monkey instinct. We’re just monkeys with a computer stuck in our brain.\nSo, even though the cortex is sort of the smart, or the intelligent part of the brain, the thinking part of the brain, people are quite… I have not yet met anyone who wants to delete their limbic system or their cortex. They’re quite happy having both. Everyone wants both parts of their brain. And people really want their phones and their computers, which are really the tertiary, the third part of your intelligence.\nIt’s just that it’s… the bandwidth, the rate of communication with that tertiary layer is slow. It’s just a very tiny straw to this tertiary layer, and we want to make that tiny straw a big highway. I’m definitely not saying that this is going to solve everything. It’s something that might be helpful. And worst-case scenario, I think we solve some important brain injury, spinal injury issues, and that’s still a great outcome.", "role": "assistant" } ]

[ { "content": "So, if there was some sort of magnet road, like, you have two magnets, and they repel each other; if you had some sort of a magnet road that was below you, and you could travel on that magnet road, that would work?", "role": "user" }, { "content": "Yes, you could have a magnet road.", "role": "assistant" }, { "content": "A magnet road. Is that too ridiculous?", "role": "user" }, { "content": "No, it would work. So, you could do that. I would not recommend it.", "role": "assistant" } ]

[ { "content": "Is that wise? What kind of video games? Candy Crush?", "role": "user" }, { "content": "You won’t be able to drive while you’re playing the video game. But, like, for example, we’re just putting the Atari emulator in it. So, we’ll play a Missile Command, and Lunar Lander, and a bunch of other things. Yeah.", "role": "assistant" }, { "content": "That sounds cool.", "role": "user" }, { "content": "It’s pretty fun.", "role": "assistant" } ]

[ { "content": "So it must be completely standalone from Earth.", "role": "user" }, { "content": "Well, yeah, because Mars’s closest approach is four light minutes away, roughly. And then its furthest approach, it’s roughly 20 light minutes away, maybe a little more. So you can’t really have something synchronizing if you’ve got a 20-minute speed of light issue. If it’s got a one-minute blockchain, it’s not going to synchronize properly. I don’t know if Mars will have a cryptocurrency as a thing, but probably, seems likely. But it would be some kind of localized thing on Mars.", "role": "assistant" }, { "content": "And you let the people decide.", "role": "user" }, { "content": "Yeah, absolutely. The future of Mars should be up to the Martians. I think the cryptocurrency thing is an interesting approach to reducing the error in the database that is called money. I think I have a pretty deep understanding of what money actually is on a practical day-to-day basis because of PayPal. We really got in deep there. And right now the money system, actually, for practical purposes is really a bunch of heterogeneous mainframes running old COBOL.", "role": "assistant" } ]

[ { "content": "Yeah, that had happened quite a bit after the last time you were here. What exactly is it? How do you do – what happens if someone ultimately does get a neural link installed? What will take place?", "role": "user" }, { "content": "Well, for version one of the device, it would be basically implanted in your skull. It would be flush with your skull, so you basically take out a chunk of skull, put the Neuralink device in there. You’d insert the electrode threads very carefully into the brain, and then you stitch it up, and you wouldn’t even know that somebody has it. It can interface basically anywhere in your brain. It could be something that helps cure, say, eyesight, like returns your eyesight even if you’ve lost your optic nerve type of thing.", "role": "assistant" }, { "content": "Really?", "role": "user" }, { "content": "Yeah, absolutely. Hearing… – Pretty much anything that…- It could, in principle, fix almost anything that is wrong with the brain. It could restore limb functionality, so if you’ve got an interface into the motor cortex and then an implant that’s like a microcontroller and near muscle groups, you could then create sort of a neural shunt that restores somebody who is a quadriplegic to full functionality. Like, they can walk around and be normal.", "role": "assistant" } ]

[ { "content": "Interesting. And then as you said, replies might not surface either.", "role": "user" }, { "content": "Replies basically never get seen currently. I’m not saying it’s correct, I’m saying it’s incorrect. Replies have a couple order magnitude less importance than primary posts.", "role": "assistant" }, { "content": "Do you think this can be more and more converted into end to end mural net?", "role": "user" }, { "content": "Yeah. Yeah, that’s what it should be. Well, the recommendations should be purely a vector correlation. There’s a series of vectors basically parameters, vectors, whatever you want to call them, but sort of things that the system knows that you like. Maybe there’s several hundred vectors associated with each user account and then any post in the system, whether it’s video, audio, short post, long post. The reason by the way I want to move away from tweet is that people are posting two, three hour videos on the site. That’s not a tweet.\nIt’d be like tweet for two hours? Come on. Tweet made sense when it was 140 characters of text. Because it’s like a bunch of little birds tweeting. But when you’ve got long form content, it’s no longer a tweet. So a movie is not a tweet. Apple, for example, posted the entire episode of The Silo, the entire thing, on a platform. By the way, it was their number one social media thing ever in engagement of anything, on any platform ever. So it was a great idea. And by the way, I just learned about it afterwards. I was like, Hey, wow, they posted an entire hour long episode of, so no, that’s not a tweet. This is a video.", "role": "assistant" } ]

[ { "content": "My first guest is the man who made electric cars a thing, and is currently working on perfecting reusable rockets, space travel, connecting the human brain directly to computers, connecting cities with electromagnetic bullet trains, the Starlink satellite system that’s so important to the war in Ukraine, and then, on Tuesday, is going to work on this tunnel thing, on traffic. He also tweets a lot. Elon Musk, ladies and gentlemen.\n(Elon enters the stage)\nLook at you.Did I get the full order of things that you do in a day there? When I was reading there, I left out the tunnel thing at the end.", "role": "user" }, { "content": "I do a lot of jobs.", "role": "assistant" } ]

[ { "content": "Are you honestly legitimately concerned about this? Is A.I. one of your main worries in regard to the future?", "role": "user" }, { "content": "Yes. It’s less of a worry than it used to be, mostly due to taking more of a fatalistic attitude.", "role": "assistant" }, { "content": "Hm. So you used to have more hope. And you gave up some of it, and now you don’t worry as much about A.I. You’re like, this is just what it is.", "role": "user" }, { "content": "Yeah, pretty much, yes. But it’s not necessarily bad; it’s just, it’s definitely going to be outside of human control.", "role": "assistant" } ]

[ { "content": "I asked, “What has Elon Musk been wrong about?” It’s actually…", "role": "user" }, { "content": "Yeah, what does it say?", "role": "assistant" }, { "content": "It mostly lists rigorously all the times you predicted, like promised when something will be released, and it wasn’t released.", "role": "user" }, { "content": "Promise is a strong word.", "role": "assistant" } ]

[ { "content": "– you said after a while, well, probably this wonderful French cheese. Could you please explain?", "role": "user" }, { "content": "Well, I was just saying that you want to take a moment to appreciate things in life, and the sensations. Food is incredible. Like there are just so many good things that you can experience, some of them cost nothing really. You know, you have a walk in nature or just a nice meal, and it’s like wow, that’s pretty great, you know. And we should take a moment to appreciate these little things, the big things. The things that move your heart. I think that’s probable the meaning of life as close as definition as I can think.", "role": "assistant" }, { "content": "Thank you very much, Elon.", "role": "user" }, { "content": "All right.", "role": "assistant" } ]

[ { "content": "So, what we show here is actually, I think, only 1.4 billion or so. So, a smaller fleet. And the numbers out here in this presentation are around 85 million vehicles a year produced. Just to give you a sense of how we’re thinking about this. Again, we’re going to put all these assumptions up online and encourage people’s thoughts.", "role": "user" }, { "content": "So we’re basically heading rapidly towards an electric autonomous future.", "role": "assistant" }, { "content": "Exciting. One of the reasons why EVs are so enabling is this: end-use efficiency. Tesla Model 3 is four times more efficient from the well to wheel than a Toyota Corolla. And that’s all about the efficiency of getting the electricity into the car in a sustainable energy economy, and then how efficient the car is in transferring that stored energy to motion on the road when compared to the engine in the Toyota Corolla, and all the, you know, extraction, refining, transmission, distribution of the gasoline to the Toyota Corolla.\nAnd this is a fun reference: Model 3 can drive over a mile on the energy it takes to boil a pot of water for pasta, and then it can drive another mile on the energy it took to cook the pasta. That pasta is one pound, and Model 3 is like 4000 pounds. Just to give you a sense of just like, it really doesn’t use a lot of energy to move a Model 3, that 4,000-pound object, down the road.", "role": "user" }, { "content": "Also, heat is a lot more energy than motion.", "role": "assistant" } ]

[ { "content": "Did you? Where?", "role": "user" }, { "content": "In Palo Alto.", "role": "assistant" }, { "content": "Really?", "role": "user" }, { "content": "Yeah.", "role": "assistant" } ]

[ { "content": "Every time I see that clip, it kills me. Every single time. I look it a lot. So thank you very much for coming here. I know it’s not convenient, it’s not around the corner. I’m really appreciative.", "role": "user" }, { "content": "Absolutely, thank you for having me. I was on a red-eye flight, so I’m a little slower than normal. I didn’t get much sleep.", "role": "assistant" }, { "content": "That’s sort of my first question. So you’re 51?", "role": "user" }, { "content": "Yeah. I think I’m safely not a spring chicken anymore. Help me – a late summer chicken, perhaps?", "role": "assistant" } ]

[ { "content": "So more children?", "role": "user" }, { "content": "So I mean, you know, no babies, no humanity. They got to come from somewhere.", "role": "assistant" }, { "content": "Okay. We’re going to have questions from the audience because there’s a lot of great questions.\nHey Elon. I’m Ronan Levy from ‘field trip’. We spent a lot of time talking about outer Space, and I want to ask you about inner Space. And the question specifically is, do you spend time thinking about humanity’s somewhat destructive tendencies before sending people to Mars? And, specifically, you’ve talked about the subject of DMT, and curious to know what role you think psychedelics may have in addressing some of the more destructive tendencies of humanity.\nWe’re going to talk about this tomorrow.", "role": "user" }, { "content": "Okay. Um, I think generally, people should be open to psychedelics. Yeah. A lot of people making laws are kind of from a different era. So I think as the new generation gets into political power, we will see greater receptivity to the benefits of psychedelics.", "role": "assistant" } ]

[ { "content": "This ultimately fights the broader force of hatred in the region.", "role": "user" }, { "content": "Yes. And I’m not sure who said it, it’s an saying, but an eye for an eye makes everyone blind. Now, that neck of the woods, they really believe in the whole eye for an eye thing. But you really have… If you’re not going to just outright commit genocide against an entire people, which obviously would not be acceptable to really, shouldn’t be acceptable to anyone, then you’re going to leave basically a lot of people alive who subsequently hate Israel. So really the question is like for every Hamas member that you kill, how many did you create? And if you create more than you killed, you’ve not succeeded. That’s the real situation there. And it’s safe to say that if you kill somebody’s child in Gaza, you’ve made at least a few homeless members who will die just to kill an Israeli. That’s the situation. But I mean, this is one of the most contentious subjects one could possibly discuss. But I think if the goal ultimately is some sort of long-term piece, one has to look at this from the standpoint of over time, are there more or fewer terrorists being created?", "role": "assistant" }, { "content": "Let me just linger on war.", "role": "user" }, { "content": "Yeah, war, safe to say, wars always existed and always will exist.", "role": "assistant" } ]

[ { "content": "For sure, yeah.", "role": "user" }, { "content": "It’s a big deal, and I think, not widely known.", "role": "assistant" }, { "content": "Do you have time to exercise?", "role": "user" }, { "content": "A little bit.", "role": "assistant" } ]

[ { "content": "Wow. Well, you thought, „This is so radically different than the people that are around me. If they find out, I got this stream coming in.“", "role": "user" }, { "content": "Yeah.", "role": "assistant" }, { "content": "Whoa.", "role": "user" }, { "content": "But, you know, I was only like five or six probably.", "role": "assistant" } ]

[ { "content": "How are you going to fix that? Do you have a love machine you’re working on?", "role": "user" }, { "content": "No, but probably spend more time with your friends and less time on social media.", "role": "assistant" }, { "content": "Now, deleting social media from your applications, from your phones, will that give you a 10% boost to happiness? What do you think the percentage is?", "role": "user" }, { "content": "I think probably something like that, yeah.", "role": "assistant" } ]

[ { "content": "It’s not even just efficient and expensive, it’s like anything, there’s not…", "role": "user" }, { "content": "No.", "role": "assistant" }, { "content": "The actuators, everything has to be designed from scratch.", "role": "user" }, { "content": "Yeah. We tried hard to find anything that was… Because you think of how many electric motors are made in the world. There’s like tens of thousands, hundreds of thousands of electric motor designs. None of them were suitable for a humanoid robot, literally none. So, we had to develop our own. Design it specifically for what a humanoid robot needs.", "role": "assistant" } ]

[ { "content": "Yeah. I mean, if you’re motivated to solve some of these problems, which are the hardest problems in the world to solve, that really fundamentally enable the future we all need, please reach out and help us work on these problems.", "role": "user" }, { "content": "Absolutely. And like you said, the battle is far from over. Less than 1% of the global automotive fleet has been converted to electric, and even maybe less than 0.1% of stationary storage has been done. So stationary storage has barely begun, converting the global vehicle fleet to electric has barely begun. So, there’s still a massive amount of engineering work to be done at Tesla and other companies to accelerate this transition to sustainability.", "role": "assistant" }, { "content": "Hey, can you guys hear me?\nYeah.\nThis is Jordan from Mark Asset Management. You’ve talked about the importance of the factory, and you’ve mentioned the ground-up design process and a lot of the new things that you’re going to be doing or started to do in Shanghai, Berlin, and Austin. Can you just maybe help us understand and quantify how financially meaningful all of those improvements will be, and then given what you’re trying to accomplish as a company, is it fair to assume that the vast majority of improvement will be given back to the customer in the form of lower prices?", "role": "user" }, { "content": "Yeah. I mean, I think certainly we will try to give back as much as possible to the customers. It’s not like Tesla’s profitability is crazy high; our average profitability for the last four quarters is maybe 1%. So just to be clear, it’s not like we’re minting money. Our evaluation makes it seem like we are, but we’re not. We do want to try to make the price as competitive as we can, without losing money. If you keep losing money, you’ll just die. This thing called profit is just like, we need to bring in more money than we spend; otherwise, we’re dead.", "role": "assistant" } ]

[ { "content": "Oh, no, well.", "role": "user" }, { "content": "Yeah. It seems like you’re doing an amazing job of… really super leveraged. I mean, obviously, a small team, and you’re having a dramatic effect on…", "role": "assistant" }, { "content": "Yeah, half these people don’t even work here. They’re just like…", "role": "user" }, { "content": "Right. It’s, I think, very impressive thing you’re doing to spread knowledge and understanding throughout the world.", "role": "assistant" } ]

[ { "content": "Both the victory and what sparked the war and-", "role": "user" }, { "content": "Yeah, yeah.", "role": "assistant" }, { "content": "The whole thing.", "role": "user" }, { "content": "Yeah. So that Athens and Sparta is a classic case. The thing about the Greek is they really wrote down a lot of stuff. They loved writing. There are lots of interesting things that happened in many parts of the world, but people didn’t write down, so we don’t know what happened or they didn’t really write in detail. They just would say, “We had a battle and we won.” And what? Can you add a bit more? The Greeks, they really wrote a lot. They were very articulate on… They just love writing. And we have a bunch of that writing as preserved. So we know what led up to the Peloponnesian War between the Spartanand Athenian Alliance, and we know that they saw it coming.\nSpartans didn’t write… They also weren’t very verbose by their nature, but they did write, but they weren’t very verbose. They were . But the Athenians and the other Greeks wrote a line, and Spartan was really kind of like the leader of Greece. But Athens grew stronger and stronger with each passing year. And everyone’s like, “Well, that’s inevitable that there’s going to be a clash between Athens and Sparta. Well, how do we avoid that?” And actually they saw it coming and they still could not avoid it. So at some point, if one group, one civilization or country or whatever exceeds another sort of like the United States has been the biggest kid on the block since I think around 1890 from an economic standpoint.\nSo the United States has been the most powerful economic engine in the world longer than anyone’s been alive. And the foundation of war is economics. So now we have a situation in the case of China where the economy is likely to be two, perhaps three times larger than that of the US. So imagine you’re the biggest kid on the block for as long as anyone can remember, and suddenly a kid comes along who’s twice your size.", "role": "assistant" } ]

[ { "content": "Okay, let me ask you a-", "role": "user" }, { "content": "So it is where you would find what is happening right now on earth at any given point in time. The whole OpenAI drama played out, in fact, on the X platform. Google certainly has a massive amount of data, so does Microsoft, but it is one of the best sources of data.", "role": "assistant" }, { "content": "Can I ask you an interesting IP issue, which I think is actually something I can say, as somebody who’s in the creator business and journalistic business and whatnot, where I care about copyright? So one of the things about training on data has been this idea that these things are not being trained on people’s copyrighted information. Historically, that’s been the concept.", "role": "user" }, { "content": "Yeah, that’s a huge lie.", "role": "assistant" } ]

[ { "content": "So, this is the plan. And now, we’ll get into a little more of the details of the plan. Basically, five areas of work. First, renewable power, the existing grid; second, switch to electric vehicles; third, switch homes’, businesses’ and industry’s heating to heat pumps; fourth, high temp heat delivery and storage for high temp industrial and chemical processes and a little bit of green hydrogen in there for chemical processes that need hydrogen; and finally sustainably fuel planes and boats. These are the five areas, and we’re going to go into detail on all of them.", "role": "user" }, { "content": "My personal opinion is that as we improve the energy density of batteries, you’ll see all transportation go fully electric, with the exception of rockets – that’s awkward. But you can make the fuel with CO2 and water, so you can make methane with CO2 and water.", "role": "assistant" }, { "content": "In fact, that with just electricity.", "role": "user" }, { "content": "Yes, exactly. In fact, on Mars – we hopefully get there at some point – the atmosphere is CO2, and there’s water ice throughout Mars, so you can take the CO2 and H2O and turn that into CH4, which is methane and oxygen. So ultimately, even rockets can be electrified.", "role": "assistant" } ]

[ { "content": "I think that that does happen in some cases, but not all cases. And I think that not understanding the history of the country, I think is a real shame. Look, I’ve had-", "role": "user" }, { "content": "We should understand the history of the country and other countries.", "role": "assistant" }, { "content": "I’ve had incredible opportunities as a person of color.", "role": "user" }, { "content": "Right. You did very well.", "role": "assistant" } ]

[ { "content": "Convert the movie into language, essentially.", "role": "user" }, { "content": "Analyze this movie and just like your movie critic or TV series and then recommend based on after AI watches the movie, just like a friend can tell you, if a friend knows you well, a friend can recommend a movie with high probability that you’ll like it.", "role": "assistant" }, { "content": "But this is a friend that’s analyzing, whatever, hundreds of millions.", "role": "user" }, { "content": "Yeah, actually, frankly, AI will be better than, will know you better than your friends know you, most of your friends anyway.", "role": "assistant" } ]

[ { "content": "I mean, how do you handle that psychologically? There aren’t many people in the world who have to even think about that.", "role": "user" }, { "content": "I actually don’t think about that too much. The thing that is actually more difficult, and that does make sleeping difficult, is that every good hour, or even minute, of thinking about Tesla and SpaceX has such a big effect on the company that I really try to work as much as possible, you know, to the edge of sanity, basically. Because Tesla’s getting to the point where – probably will get to the point later this year – where every high-quality minute of thinking is a million dollars impact on Tesla. Which is insane. I mean, the basic, you know, if Tesla’s doing sort of $2 billion a week, let’s say, in revenues, sort of $300 million a day, seven days a week, you know, it’s…", "role": "assistant" }, { "content": "If you can change that by 5% in an hour’s brainstorm, that’s a pretty valuable hour.", "role": "user" }, { "content": "I mean, there are many instances where a half-hour meeting… I was able to improve the financial outcome with the company by $100 million in a half-hour meeting.", "role": "assistant" } ]

[ { "content": "Yeah, but if you do scale it up, what you saw before becomes this. So, you can see the motivation. A ten times reduction in footprint, a ten times reduction in energy, and a massive reduction in investment. But as Elon was saying, simple is hard.", "role": "user" }, { "content": "Yeah. I mean, to be clear, I would like to not say that right now, it just totally working. It’s close to working, but it’s not, even now, at the pilot plant level, it is close to working. It’s fair to say probably it does work, but with not a high yield.", "role": "assistant" }, { "content": "Yeah. We’re still ironing out the kinks, but we’ve made tens of thousands of cells, thousands of kilometers of electrode. I mean, we are on the fourth generation of the equipment, so we’ve learned a lot along the way. I mean, it is super demanding because every atom has its place if you want to deliver the energy density and the cycle life and the supercharging. But we’re confident that we will get there, but it will be a lot of work along that.", "role": "user" }, { "content": "There’s a clear path to success, but a ton of work between here and there. But this is a really profound improvement. Again, for people that know battery manufacturing, this is gigantic. We’ll probably be on machine revision six or seven by the time we do large-scale production. The rate at which the machines are being improved is extremely rapid. Literally every three or four months, there’s a new rev.", "role": "assistant" } ]

[ { "content": "I saw that many years ago. It just changed how, if I go, ‘oh, this is why people are so crazy. We came from that thing’.", "role": "user" }, { "content": "Yeah, exactly. And there’s the Bonobos. They got, like, a better philosophy.", "role": "assistant" }, { "content": "Yeah, they’re like swingers. Yeah, they really are. They seem to be way more – even than us – way more civilized.", "role": "user" }, { "content": "They just seem to resolve everything with sex.", "role": "assistant" } ]

[ { "content": "…folded that metal and hammered it down over and over again over a long period of time, and honed that blade into what it is now. What’s crazy is that more than 500 years later, that thing is still pristine. I mean, whoever took care of that and passed it down to the next person who took care of it, and you know until it got to the podcast room, it’s pretty fucking crazy.", "role": "user" }, { "content": "Yeah.", "role": "assistant" }, { "content": "One day, someone’s going to be looking at a Tesla like that. Yeah, these fucking backdoors, they pop up sideways like a Lamborghini.", "role": "user" }, { "content": "You should see what a Tesla can do. You didn’t. You should. I’ll show you afterwards.", "role": "assistant" } ]

[ { "content": "But we might not be there yet. So, it might not be a simulation here. But it most likely is you feel other places.", "role": "user" }, { "content": "This notion of a place or where is-", "role": "assistant" }, { "content": "Flawed?", "role": "user" }, { "content": "Yes.", "role": "assistant" } ]

[ { "content": "This is all good, right?", "role": "user" }, { "content": "Cheers.", "role": "assistant" }, { "content": "Cheers. Thank you. Is there any message you would like to put out other than love is the answer because I think you really nailed it with that?", "role": "user" }, { "content": "No. I think, you know, I think people should be nicer to each other, and give more credit to others, and don’t assume that they’re mean until you know they’re actually mean. You know, just, it’s easy to demonize people. You’re usually wrong about it. People are nicer than you think. Give people more credit.", "role": "assistant" } ]

[ { "content": "New phone? Tim Cook sent you that phone?", "role": "user" }, { "content": "New phone. .", "role": "assistant" }, { "content": "I should ask, by the way I just mentioned Tim Cook. Do you feel like you’re going to have to have a battle with him eventually? Is that the next fight over the app store?", "role": "user" }, { "content": "The idea of making a phone… What do you mean like-", "role": "assistant" } ]

[ { "content": "Thank you very much.\nAndreas Kroiss, CEO Einhell\nThank you. We are working in our company also on a battery platform, completely different. My vision is that we revolutionize the do-it-yourself market. I want to have a battery in every house with a garden that all the tools and all the garden equipment can be run on one platform. So, one battery for all tools around the garden and in the house. The key is for sure the battery, same as in the car.\nWe’re working every day on endurance and performance because this is what the customer requires in the car, and also in tools and in garden. The difference, I think is, we have our charger always with us. And when we go all in electricity mobility, what do you think how fast we can charge the cars, and how long it will take us? When everybody drives with the E-car to charge the battery that we have not a complete mess in front of the fueling stations?", "role": "user" }, { "content": "Well, I think most people are going to charge their cars at home. Generally, people charge their cars where they charge their cell phones, and that’s at home at night. This actually works fairly well with the grid usage because the electricity usage on the grid is mostly during the day. You don’t actually need a lot of new power plants, given that people primarily charge their car at night, at their house.\nNow, not everyone can do that if you park on the street or something. And that’s where you need supercharger stations or charging at work. So total electricity power consumption obviously will increase. I mean, when everything, when all transport goes electric, all road transport going electric will approximately double electricity usage – total electricity usage. Like I said, because most of us do it at night, that doesn’t mean a doubling of the power plants.\nBut we will need to increase the amount of solar and wind, geothermal, hydro, nuclear – I think this is fine, like said – in order to solve the needs of electric vehicles. You know, my guess is that the majority of the electricity production long-term will be photovoltaics solar and paired with batteries, obviously. It’s my guess.", "role": "assistant" }, { "content": "Dr. Wöhrmann – thank you very much – of DWS.\nDr. Asoka Wöhrmann, CEO DWS Group\nThank you. DWS is an investing company in big companies around the world. But I want to say, I want to congratulate that you have chosen Germany for this Giga factory. I think you have might be looking to the engineering space. It’s a big culture in Germany. I have to say that I’m not native German, but I grew up here, and this is a really big culture for automobile industry. And that you came to Germany is impressive for me. But one thing what I learned…", "role": "user" }, { "content": "Yeah, I love Germany, it’s great.", "role": "assistant" } ]

[ { "content": "That’s it. Mom won’t bang the sons. They’re good women. Good women in the bonobo community. Everybody else is just banging it out.", "role": "user" }, { "content": "Yeah. I haven’t seen the bonobo movie.", "role": "assistant" }, { "content": "Well, they’re disturbing just at a zoo. You know, you have bonobos at the zoo.", "role": "user" }, { "content": "They’re just constantly going…", "role": "assistant" } ]

[ { "content": "Yeah, the Jaguar E type with a giant long hood, that could be a giant solar panel.", "role": "user" }, { "content": "Well, at the beginning of Tesla, I did want to have this like unfolding solar panel thing. They’d press a button, and it would just like unfold these solar panels, and like charge/recharge your car in the parking lot. Yeah, we could do that, but I think it’s probably better to just put that on your roof.", "role": "assistant" }, { "content": "Right, yeah.", "role": "user" }, { "content": "And then, it’s be facing the sun all the time. Otherwise, your car could be in the shade. You know, it could be in the shade, it could be in a garage, or something like that.", "role": "assistant" } ]

[ { "content": "There’s something interesting about it too. When you write something in 280 characters and they write something, it’s such a crude way. It’s like someone sending opposing smoke signals. They refute your smoke signals. It’s so crude. And especially when you’re talking about something like Neuralink. You’re talking about some future potential where you’re going to be able to express pure thoughts that get conveyed through some sort of a universal language with no ambiguity whatsoever versus tweets.", "role": "user" }, { "content": "Well, there will always be some ambiguity, but tweets, it’s hard. But maybe there should be a sarcasm flag or something. Or a “just kidding” or-", "role": "assistant" }, { "content": "It seems like it would take away some of the fun from people that know it’s sarcasm. Like if everybody knew that\nThe Onion\nwasn’t… – If you sent people articles, it was something about someone getting angry at an Onion article.", "role": "user" }, { "content": "Wow, that’s amazing.", "role": "assistant" } ]

[ { "content": "How many are you planning to make actually?", "role": "user" }, { "content": "We’re currently expecting to make a booster and a ship roughly every… well, initially, roughly every couple of months, and hopefully by the end of this year, one every month. So it’s giant rockets, and a lot of them. Just talking in terms of rough orders of magnitude, in order to create a self-sustaining city on Mars, I think you will need something on the order of a thousand ships. And we just need a Helen of Sparta, I guess, on Mars.", "role": "assistant" }, { "content": "This is not in most people’s heads.", "role": "user" }, { "content": "The planet that launched a thousand ships.", "role": "assistant" } ]

[ { "content": "So, instead of replacing us it will radically change our capabilities.", "role": "user" }, { "content": "Yes. It will enable anyone who wants to have superhuman cognition. Anyone who wants. This is not a matter of earning power because your earning power would be vastly greater after you do it. So, it’s just like, anyone who wants can just do it in theory. That’s the theory. If that’s the case and, let’s say, billions of people do it, then the outcome for humanity will be the sum of human will. The sum of billions of people’s desire for the future.", "role": "assistant" }, { "content": "That billions of people with enhanced cognitive ability, radically enhanced.", "role": "user" }, { "content": "Yes.", "role": "assistant" } ]

[ { "content": "Come on.", "role": "user" }, { "content": "… exhaust gas in the tunnel.", "role": "assistant" }, { "content": "Oh, okay. I see what you’re saying because then the air will be gone.", "role": "user" }, { "content": "Because, then, the air will pump it out.", "role": "assistant" } ]

[ { "content": "Got it.", "role": "user" }, { "content": "The cars will maneuver with superhuman ability and reaction time, much faster than a human. I mean, I think over time, the autopilot full self-driving will be capable of maneuvers that are far more than what James Bond could do in the best movie type of thing.", "role": "assistant" }, { "content": "That’s exactly what I was imagining in my mind, as you said it.", "role": "user" }, { "content": "It’s like impossible maneuvers that a human couldn’t do.", "role": "assistant" } ]

[ { "content": "The wheel fell off, and the guy…", "role": "user" }, { "content": "Literally, in the intersection.", "role": "assistant" }, { "content": "…just drove it without the wheel to the side.", "role": "user" }, { "content": "It was pretty much time for the junkyard at that point. Because the whole car has fallen apart. Yeah, it’s like the point at which the wheel falls off, it’s time to go to the junkyard.", "role": "assistant" } ]

[ { "content": "What’s the top of the food chain model? Okay. Faster than that. Let’s just say faster than that.", "role": "user" }, { "content": "Faster than that, yeah.", "role": "assistant" }, { "content": "That seems so crazy to me. Now, what was it like when the dude threw the steel balls at the window, and they were supposed to not break, and it broke? I know, extenuating circumstances.", "role": "user" }, { "content": "Well, yeah. I mean, at least you know that our demos are authentic because I was not expecting that, and then I think I muttered, under my breath, like, “Holy shit.”", "role": "assistant" } ]

[ { "content": "I’m not engaging. All right, Elon, it honestly has been a pleasure talking to you. It really has. And if you want to carry on the answering questions on this then then go for it. But I’m not going to.", "role": "user" }, { "content": "Okay. Well, I’m just trying to see if there’s like any good… There’s a lot of comments here.", "role": "assistant" }, { "content": "I can imagine.", "role": "user" }, { "content": "There’s so many. So anyway, it’s nice to be interviewed by the BBC. I have a lot of respect for the British Broadcasting Corporation.", "role": "assistant" } ]

[ { "content": "Okay, make it open store.", "role": "user" }, { "content": "But yeah, there’s really some amazing AI generator clothing. It’s really cool. And I really love that one with the Pope and that went viral. A lot of people thought that the Pope actually had that outfit, which is not totally out of the question because there’s a lot of amazing fashion in Italy. So it’s possible that some fashion house made a really epic coat for the Pope. But that was obviously AI generated. We’re headed into a weird world here.", "role": "assistant" }, { "content": "We are, video games.", "role": "user" }, { "content": "Where trying to figure out what’s real is super hard.", "role": "assistant" } ]

[ { "content": "So amazing achievements. And now we have this Webb telescope, they can, you know, I guess the Big Bang was 14 billion years ago, and first light is 13 and a half billion years ago, and our planet is four and a half. So what do we get out of this? So obviously, Starlink is a really big deal. A trillion-dollar opportunity maybe, maybe more. So what do we get out of seeing back 13 and a half billion years? What does that do for us? What technology do we develop? How could we know it? We don’t know until we do it.", "role": "user" }, { "content": "There’s two main motivations, I think, for becoming a multi-planet species and a spacefaring civilization, and then ultimately, going beyond that, to go to other star systems and explore the galaxy. And I think we may find that there’s many one-planet civilizations that died out millions of years ago and never made it to the second planet.", "role": "assistant" }, { "content": "Do you think in your lifetime, that happens?", "role": "user" }, { "content": "It depends on how long I live.", "role": "assistant" } ]

[ { "content": "Let’s go to Twitter just for a minute. And we’ll go back to this stuff, which is more interesting to me.", "role": "user" }, { "content": "I tried to get out of the deal.\n(imitates a scene from ‘The Godfather’)\nIt reminds me of the scene from The Godfather, basically.", "role": "assistant" } ]

[ { "content": "So the design wasn’t the bottleneck?", "role": "user" }, { "content": "Yeah, the US had kick-ass fuel that was very consistent. If you make a very high-performance aircraft engine, in order to make high performance, you have to… the fuel, the aviation gas, has to be a consistent mixture, and it has to have a high octane. High octane is the most important thing, but also can’t have like impurities and stuff because you’ll foul up the engine. And the German just never had good access to oil. They tried to get it by invading the Caucuses. But that didn’t work too well.", "role": "assistant" }, { "content": "That never works well.", "role": "user" }, { "content": "Didn’t work out for them. Germany was always struggling with basically shitty oil, and then they couldn’t count on a on high-quality fuel for their aircraft, so they had to add all these additives and stuff, whereas the US had awesome fuel, and they provided that to Britain as well. That allowed the British and the Americans to design aircraft engines that were super high performance, better than anything else in the world. Germany could design the engines; they just didn’t have the fuel. And then also the quality of the aluminum alloys that they were getting was also not that great.", "role": "assistant" } ]

[ { "content": "So batteries necessary to balance it out, but the demand, as you’re saying, is going to grow, grow, grow, grow.", "role": "user" }, { "content": "Yeah.", "role": "assistant" }, { "content": "And part of that is the compute?", "role": "user" }, { "content": "Yes. Yes. I mean, electrification of transport and electric heating will be much bigger than AI, at least-", "role": "assistant" } ]

[ { "content": "Do you ever think about how odd it is, the weird feeling that you get when someone says something shitty to you on Twitter, and you read it? That weird feeling. This weird little negative jolt. It’s like a subjective negative jolt of energy that you don’t really need to absorb, but you do anyway. Like, „I want to fuck this guy. Fuck him.“", "role": "user" }, { "content": "I mean, there’s a lot of negativity on Twitter.", "role": "assistant" }, { "content": "It is, but it’s weird in its form. Like the way, if you ingest it as if you’re like — you try to be like a little scientist as you’re ingesting it, you’re like, „How weird is this?“ And I’m even getting upset at some strange person saying something mean to me. It’s not even accurate.", "role": "user" }, { "content": "I mean, the vast number of negative comments, for the vast majority, I just ignore them, the vast majority.But every now and again, you get drawn in. It’s not good.You make mistakes.", "role": "assistant" } ]

[ { "content": "These simulations, you believe are created, like, someone has manufactured-", "role": "user" }, { "content": "They’re running on the substrate.", "role": "assistant" }, { "content": "So-", "role": "user" }, { "content": "That substrate is probably boring.", "role": "assistant" } ]

[ { "content": "That’s a great way to put it. It’s like an online ghost. That’s very accurate.", "role": "user" }, { "content": "Yeah. So it would just be that more of you would be in the cloud, I guess, than in your body.", "role": "assistant" }, { "content": "Whoa. Now, when you say civilization’s fragile, do you mean because of this COVID-19 shit that’s going on right now?", "role": "user" }, { "content": "What’s that? I never heard of it.", "role": "assistant" } ]

[ { "content": "Which is why it says, “Not a flamethrower”.", "role": "user" }, { "content": "That’s why we were very clear. This is not actually a flamethrower. And also, we’re told that various countries would ban the shipping of it. But they would ban flamethrowers, so we vary to solve this problem; for all the customs agencies, we labeled it ‘not a flamethrower’.", "role": "assistant" }, { "content": "Did it work? Is it effective?", "role": "user" }, { "content": "I don’t know. I think so. Yes.", "role": "assistant" } ]

[ { "content": "I think it used to be.", "role": "user" }, { "content": "It used to be, yeah. What do you think’s the best source of just information out there?", "role": "assistant" }, { "content": "That’s a good question.", "role": "user" }, { "content": "Let’s say you’re just the average citizen trying to just get the facts, figure out what’s going on. How to live your life and looking for what’s going on in the world. It’s hard to find something that’s good. Not trying to push some partisan angle, not doing sloppy reporting, and just aim it for the most number of clicks and trying to maximize ad dollars and that kind of thing. You’re just trying to figure out what’s going on. It’s like, I’m hard-pressed to where do you go?", "role": "assistant" } ]

[ { "content": "Right. Just sequentially", "role": "user" }, { "content": "When they tweet.", "role": "assistant" }, { "content": "Yeah.", "role": "user" }, { "content": "Yeah. Following is literally the thing they say when they say it. There shouldn’t be any algorithm interaction there. So it’s hard to actually see. I definitely see some room for improvement from a functionality standpoint because when you have a really big spaces, it’s actually hard to even see who’s requesting to speak because there’s so many.", "role": "assistant" } ]

[ { "content": "Do you know?", "role": "user" }, { "content": "I don’t know", "role": "assistant" }, { "content": "You have the means to find out, I guess.", "role": "user" }, { "content": "Maybe. I don’t know. I think there are some changes afoot in China. I think part of this may be actually COVID-related in the sense that it’s been quite difficult to have in-person meetings in China and China really runs… The whole system is set up to run on the basis of in-person meetings. And the absence of these meetings for the past 18 months, I think, has probably lead to things being worse than they would be if there were more in-person meetings. So I think as COVID lifts and the in-person meetings return, probably there will be an increase in the sort of trust level, and things will probably start heading in a more positive direction.", "role": "assistant" } ]

[ { "content": "We will be like this ridiculous biological shitting, pissing thing trying to stop the gods. “No stop. We like living with a finite lifespan and watching, you know, Norman Rockwell paintings.”", "role": "user" }, { "content": "It could be terrible, and it could be great. It’s not clear.", "role": "assistant" }, { "content": "Right.", "role": "user" }, { "content": "But one thing is for sure. We will not control it.", "role": "assistant" } ]

[ { "content": "Oh, why A-XII?", "role": "user" }, { "content": "Archangel 12\n, the precursor to the SR-71. Coolest plane ever. True.", "role": "assistant" }, { "content": "I agree with you. I don’t know. I’m not familiar with it. I know what the SR-71 is.", "role": "user" }, { "content": "The SR-71 came from a CIA program called Archangel. It’s the Archangel project.", "role": "assistant" } ]

[ { "content": "… where the robots are going to fucking take over. You’re freaking me out. Nobody listened?", "role": "user" }, { "content": "Nobody listened.", "role": "assistant" }, { "content": "No one. Are people more inclined to listen today? It seems like an issue that’s brought up more often over the last few years than it was maybe five, ten years age. It seemed like science fiction.", "role": "user" }, { "content": "Maybe they will. So far, they haven’t. I think people learned like that normally the way that regulations work is very slow; very slow, indeed. So, usually there will be something, some new technology, which will cause damage or death, there will be an outcry, there will be an investigation, years will pass, there will be some sort of insight committee, there will be rule making, then there will be oversight, eventually regulations. This all takes many years. This is the normal course of things.\nIf you look let’s say automotive regulations. How long did it take for seat belts to be implemented, to be required? You know, the auto industry fought seat belts I think for more than a decade; successfully fought any regulations on seat belts even though the numbers were extremely obvious. If you had a seatbelt on, you would be far less likely to die or seriously injured. It was unequivocal. And the industry fought this for years successfully. Eventually, after many, many people died, regulators insisted on seat belts. This time frame is not relevant to A.I. You can’t take ten years from the point which is dangerous. It’s too late.", "role": "assistant" } ]

[ { "content": "If you pay, but a lot of organizations have already said they’re not going to pay, like the New York Times.", "role": "user" }, { "content": "Well, then that’s up to them if they… Can’t make them pay, it’s a small amount of money, so I don’t know what their problem is. But we’re going to treat everyone equally, so what we’re not going to do is say that there’s some anointed class of journalists who are the special ones, who get to tell everyone what they should think, that it should be up to the people what they think. And even if an article is completely accurate and comprehensive and everything, they’re still, in writing that article, the media is choosing the narrative. They’re deciding what to write an article about.\nSo I’m hopeful that this can be more a case of the public choosing the narrative as opposed to the media choosing narrative. But the media can choose narrative… At least a combination of the media and the public choosing the narrative, and the public getting to weigh in on stories if they think that they should add something to it or we’ve got something wrong. And over time, I think if Twitter is the best source of truth, it will succeed. And if we are not the best source of truth, we will fail.", "role": "assistant" }, { "content": "Someone comes in and offers you $44 billion for Twitter right now, would you take it?", "role": "user" }, { "content": "No.", "role": "assistant" } ]

[ { "content": "I would love to see this. Yeah. Sorry. There’s a seal with headphones.", "role": "user" }, { "content": "Yes, it’s a seal with headphones strapped to a board. Okay. Now the amazing part is how calm the seal was because if I was a seal, I’d be like, this is the end. They’re definitely going to eat me. How old the seal, when seal goes back to other seal friends, how’s he going to explain that?", "role": "assistant" }, { "content": "They’re never going to believe them.", "role": "user" }, { "content": "Never going to believe him. That’s why, I’m like sort of like it’s getting kidnapped by aliens and getting anal probed. You come back and say, I swear to God, I got kidnapped by aliens and they stuck anal probe in my butt and people are like, no, they didn’t. That’s ridiculous. His seal buddies are never going to believe him that he got strapped to aboard and they put headphones on his ears and then let him go. Twice, by the way, we had to do it twice.", "role": "assistant" } ]

[ { "content": "If you look out far into the future, do you think on this level of physics, the very edge of what we understand about physics, do you think it will make the sexiest discovery of them as we know now, unifying general relativity and quantum mechanics? So coming up with a theory of everything, do you think it could push towards that direction, almost like theoretical physics discoveries?", "role": "user" }, { "content": "If an AI cannot figure out new physics, it’s clearly not equal to humans, nor has surpassed humans because humans have figured out new physics. Physics is just deepening what’s inside into how reality works. And then there’s engineering which is inventing things that have never existed. Now the range of possibilities for engineering is far greater than for physics because once you figure out the rules of the universe, that’s it. You’ve discovered things that already existed. But from that you can then build technologies that are really almost limitless in the variety. And it’s like once you understand the rules of the game properly, and with current physics, we do at least at a local level, understand how physics works very well. Our ability to predict things is incredibly good. Degree to which quantum mechanics can predict outcomes is incredible. That was my hardest class in college by the way. My senior quantum mechanics class was harder than all of my other classes put together.", "role": "assistant" }, { "content": "To get an AI system, a large language model be as reliable as quantum mechanics and physics is very difficult.", "role": "user" }, { "content": "Yeah. You have to test any conclusions against the ground truth of reality. Reality is the ultimate judge. Like physics is the law, everything else is a recommendation. I’ve seen plenty of people break the laws made by man, but none break the laws made by physics.", "role": "assistant" } ]

[ { "content": "I mean, that said, because of that battle against the woke mind virus, you’re perceived as being the right wing.", "role": "user" }, { "content": "If the woke is left, then I suppose that would be true. But I’m not sure, I think there are aspects of the left that are good. I mean, if you’re in favor of the environment, if you want to have a positive future for humanity, if you believe in empathy for your fellow human beings, being kind and not cruel, whatever those values are.", "role": "assistant" }, { "content": "You said that you were previously left or center left.", "role": "user" }, { "content": "Well, sort of.", "role": "assistant" } ]

[ { "content": "And also, there’s other benefits to this non-fossil fuel world where the air is cleaner and…", "role": "user" }, { "content": "Yes, exactly. Because, like, when you burn fossil fuels, there’s all these side reactions and toxic gases of various kinds and sort of little particulates that are bad for your lungs. There’s all sorts of bad things that are happening that will go away, and the sky will be cleaner and quieter. The future is going to be good.", "role": "assistant" }, { "content": "I want us to switch out to think a bit about artificial intelligence. But the segue there… you mentioned it, how annoying it is when people call you up for bad predictions in the past. So I’m possibly going to be annoying now. But I’m curious about your timelines, and how you predict, and how come some things are so amazingly on the money and some aren’t. So, when it comes to predicting sales of Tesla vehicles, for example, I mean, you’ve kind of been amazing. I think in 2014, when Tesla had sold that year 60,000 cars, you said, “2020, I think we will do half a million a year.”", "role": "user" }, { "content": "Yeah, we did almost exactly half a million.", "role": "assistant" } ]

[ { "content": "Yeah, maybe. Next, a little bit more detail on electrifying high temp sort of industrial chemical process. So over 50% of industrial heat is greater than 400°C. Cement, steel, fertilizers, chemicals, plastics, metals refining all need, like, 1,500°C, so we need a solution here. Ultimately, it’s purpose-built equipment that enables electrification. Carbon graphite is stable up to 2,800°C. There’s other options in the 1,500°C range like silicon carbide and other materials.\nSo, the idea here is, you create and store heat when renewable power is available. If this is a sustainable energy economy, renewable energy is intermittent. Peak of the day, you’ve got more generation than you need. You make a bunch of heat then, and then you transfer that heat into the industrial process 24 hours a day, using the stored heat you created when the sun\n(was shining)\nor the wind was blowing. That’s the concept here.\nAnd then, on the hydrogen side, we also need green hydrogen to decarbonize metals and chemical refining processes. This is things like ammonia, making steel, you know, there’s roughly 120 million tonnes of hydrogen source from fossil fuel today to do these things. And hydrogen can also directly replace coal, which is currently used in a ton of steel production, through a process called directly reducing iron. You can replace blast furnaces with a hydrogen-reducing direct reduced iron furnace. And this is the way to eliminate fossil fuels from these aspects of the economy and the CO2 associated with them.", "role": "user" }, { "content": "Some of this, there’s room to disagree, but some amount of hydrogen is needed for industrial processes. My personal opinion is that hydrogen will not be used meaningfully in transport and shouldn’t be. If you’re going to use a chemical fuel, you should use CH4, not H2. But it’s not useless if it’s needed for industrial processes and can be produced just by splitting water essentially.", "role": "assistant" }, { "content": "I mean, that’s something that’s been done for decades and decades. This is not rocket technology. And lastly, a small part of the pie, but a necessary part of the pie, is sustainably fueling planes and boats. Shipping accounts for 3% of global CO2. It’s ripe for electrification. Even with lithium iron phosphate long-haul ships can be fully battery-powered. So that’s a great opportunity to electrify.\nEnergy density is a little bit harder for planes. But short haul is doable today. With some improvements, we’ll get long-haul underway. But even in the meantime, we can leverage sustainable aviation fuels produced and stored using excess renewable electricity. There’s a lot of work going on in this space.", "role": "user" }, { "content": "I mean, to really get long-range aircraft and long-range shipping to use lithium-ion, you need to redesign the ship and the plane to take advantage of the fact that it is a new source of energy. It’s a different architecture. Like with an electric car, you wouldn’t just take a gasoline car and stick a battery in it. That’s very suboptimal.\nIt’s much more efficient to have the battery be the structure of the car and make it mass efficient and optimized for batteries. If that’s done with aircraft, you can get long-range aircraft with cells at around 450 watt-hours per kilogram, which you can buy right now, actually. It’s expensive, but I think the price will come down.", "role": "assistant" } ]

[ { "content": "And an extra module on top of the vector space for love. That’s missing. Okay…", "role": "user" }, { "content": "We could add that to the car, too.", "role": "assistant" }, { "content": "That’s true. That could be useful in all environments. Like you said, a lot of people argue in the car, so maybe we can help them out. You’re a student of history, fan of Dan Carlin’s Hardcore History podcast.", "role": "user" }, { "content": "Yeah, that’s great.", "role": "assistant" } ]

[ { "content": "Okay. So, let’s talk SpaceX and Mars. Last time you were here, you spoke about what seemed like a kind of incredibly ambitious dream to develop rockets that were actually reusable. And you’ve only gone and done it.", "role": "user" }, { "content": "Finally. It took a long time.", "role": "assistant" }, { "content": "Talk us through this. What are we looking at here? (Showing video)", "role": "user" }, { "content": "So, this is one of our rocket boosters coming back from very high and fast in space. So just delivered the upper stage at high velocity. I think this might have been at sort of Mach 7 or so, delivery of the upper stage. (Booster landing)", "role": "assistant" } ]

[ { "content": "Especially when it’s just a transitory one, anyway.", "role": "user" }, { "content": "Yes.", "role": "assistant" }, { "content": "We’re going to run out of these fossil fuels. Let’s just move to the future and not run this experiment any longer.", "role": "user" }, { "content": "Yeah. So anyway, there is a lot of good news, though. A lot of people may not be aware that wind and solar comprise 75% of new electricity capacity in the US this year. So, this is really major. The grid is going sustainable very quickly. Now, it’s also worth noting that the length of time that power plants last is on the order of 25 years. So even if 100% of energy generation was sustainable, it will still take 25 years to convert the grid. And it’s also worth noting that in the past ten years, power production from coal has dropped in half. It went from 46% of electricity in 2010 to 23% in 2020. This is a massive improvement. So, good things are happening on a lot of levels. We just need to go faster.\nSo, Tesla’s contribution: we’ve delivered over a million electric vehicles, 26 billion electric miles driven, and many gigawatt-hours\n(GWh)\nof stationary batteries, 17 terawatt-hours\n(TWh)\nof solar-generated. I think solar is sometimes underweighted at Tesla, but it is a massive part of our future. The three parts of a sustainable energy future are sustainable energy generation, storage, and electric vehicles. We intend to play a significant role in all three.\nTo accelerate the transition to sustainable energy, we must produce more EVs that need to be affordable and a lot more energy storage while building factories faster and with far less investment.\nSo, goal number one is a terawatt-hour scale battery production. So, Tera is the new Giga. And a terawatt is a thousand times more than a gigawatt. We used to talk in terms of gigawatts, in the future, we’ll be talking in terms of terawatt-hours. This is what’s needed in order to transition the world to sustainability.", "role": "assistant" } ]

[ { "content": "It does seem to be able to edit it down or compress even further into things like concepts. The human mind seems to go sometimes beyond vector space to sort of space of concepts to where you’ll see a thing. It’s no longer represented spatially somehow; it’s almost like a concept that you should be aware of. Like, if this is a school zone, you’ll remember that as a concept. Which is a weird thing to represent, but perhaps for driving, you don’t need to fully represent those things, or maybe you get those kind of indirectly.", "role": "user" }, { "content": "Well, you need to establish vector space and then actually have predictions for those vector spaces. Like you drive past a bus, and you see that there’s people… before you drove past the bus, you saw people are crossing… or just imagine there’s like a large truck or something blocking sight. But before you came up to the truck, you saw that there were some kids about to cross the road in front of the truck. Now you can no longer see the kids, but you would now know, okay, those kids are probably going to pass by the truck and cross the road, even though you cannot see them. So you have to have memory… you need to remember that there were kids there, and you need to have some forward prediction of what their position will be at the time of relevance.", "role": "assistant" }, { "content": "It’s a really hard problem. So with occlusions in computer vision, when you can’t see an object anymore, even when it just walks behind a tree and reappears – that’s a really, really… I mean, at least in academic literature, it’s tracking through occlusions – it’s very difficult.", "role": "user" }, { "content": "Yeah, we’re doing it.", "role": "assistant" } ]

[ { "content": "I’ll tell you why. Because I don’t actually use that For You feed anymore. Because I just don’t particularly like it. Actually a lot of people are quite similar. I only look at my following.", "role": "user" }, { "content": "You said you’ve seen more hateful content, but you can’t name a single example. Not even one.", "role": "assistant" }, { "content": "I’m not sure I’ve used that feed for the last three or four weeks. And I honestly couldn’t-", "role": "user" }, { "content": "Then how could you see the hateful content?", "role": "assistant" } ]

[ { "content": "Like the dry electrode stuff?", "role": "user" }, { "content": "That would be one of them. That’s a big deal.", "role": "assistant" }, { "content": "Yeah, for sure.", "role": "user" }, { "content": "Much bigger deal than it may seem. And there’s a few other things.", "role": "assistant" } ]

[ { "content": "So is this the right thing for governments to do to take control of it? Is it possible?", "role": "user" }, { "content": "It is not possible to, I think, destroy crypto, but it is possible for governments to slow down its advancement.", "role": "assistant" }, { "content": "So what should the US government do? We had Gary Gensler on earlier, the SEC chairman. He was calling it the ‘Wild West of finance’. What should they do, if anything?", "role": "user" }, { "content": "I would say “do nothing.”", "role": "assistant" } ]

[ { "content": "You find it unacceptable. Why is that not a form of free speech? They are free to advertise where they want. They’re not beholden to… They’re not obligated to advertise on X.com.", "role": "user" }, { "content": "Right.", "role": "assistant" }, { "content": "So how is that not free speech?", "role": "user" }, { "content": "Whereas the other platforms will censor on behalf of advertisers, the X platform will not.", "role": "assistant" } ]

[ { "content": "Yeah. Those moments of enjoying a great meal. And then even talking about it, they’re valuable. They’re worth something. Yeah. We don’t want to eat\nSoylent Green\nand live to be 160.", "role": "user" }, { "content": "No. Tasty food is great; it’s one of the best things about life.", "role": "assistant" }, { "content": "It really is. Yeah. It’s an art form as well. It’s like fine food, it’s a delicious sandcastle. It’s temporary. It doesn’t last very long. But there’s something about it that’s very pleasing.", "role": "user" }, { "content": "Yeah. I don’t know what advice to give, maybe having tasty food but smaller amounts of it.", "role": "assistant" } ]

[ { "content": "But it’s been interesting to watch over the years where, like, in PayPal, the competitors were not banks, you know, even though that should have been the competitors.", "role": "user" }, { "content": "No, there were banks that try to compete.", "role": "assistant" }, { "content": "But wasn’t it eBay mostly that was sort of …", "role": "user" }, { "content": "(…1:19:05) point?", "role": "assistant" } ]

[ { "content": "I’m doing this right now.", "role": "user" }, { "content": "(addresses the audience)\nAnd please subscribe to Twitter verified, eight bucks. Actually, it’s technically at 7.99, so slightly less. But I really encourage everyone here to use Twitter. And, you know, yeah, please do that.\n(laughing)", "role": "assistant" }, { "content": "Here you go. How do we do this?\n(holding the mobile and positioning for the selfie)\nOkay.", "role": "user" }, { "content": "All right. Thank you, everyone.", "role": "assistant" } ]

[ { "content": "Right.", "role": "user" }, { "content": "You aren’t anywhere.", "role": "assistant" }, { "content": "Well, whereas-", "role": "user" }, { "content": "You’re in the computer.", "role": "assistant" } ]

[ { "content": "We will lose this. We’ll lose this. Like you and I are just looking at each other through our eyes.", "role": "user" }, { "content": "Are we?", "role": "assistant" }, { "content": "I see you. You see me, I think, I hope.", "role": "user" }, { "content": "You think so?", "role": "assistant" } ]

[ { "content": "Well, get ready for another one.", "role": "user" }, { "content": "All right.", "role": "assistant" }, { "content": "I’m sending it your way.", "role": "user" }, { "content": "Cool.", "role": "assistant" } ]