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43905012_0 | Herat Campaign of 1731 | The Herat Campaign of 1731 took place when Nader Shah who had already successfully driven the Ottomans from western Iran and southern Azerbaijan had to cut his campaign short to deal with the revolt of the Abdalis of Herat who were provoked into bearing arms against their Persian overlords by Hussein Hotaki of Qandahar.
Zulfaqar Khan's Revolt
As the Persian empire set about re-incorporating the lost territories to the west, Hussein sultan of Qandahar intrigued the Abdalis of Herat to raise against their masters while the main Persian forces were arrayed against the Ottomans fifteen hundred kilometres to the west.the war in 1729 remained loyal but his chief lieutenant Zulfaqar Khan was very much taken by Qandahar's assurances and support. The Abdali who supported the Ghilzai requested Zulfaqar Khan expel Allah Yar Khan from Mashhad.Farah. After a 3 month conflict, Zulfaqar Khan entered Herat on April 21, 1730
The siege of Mashhad
The Abdalis invaded Khorasan itself in July and marched on its capital, Mashad, with 8,000 soldiers.
In addition to besieging Mashhad, Dutch East India Company reports also indicate that during the summer of 1730 the Abdalis also threatened Kerman and by September had briefly besieged the city.
Siege of Herat
Hussein Hotaki was growing increasingly anxious about his position in Qandahar with Nader approaching Herat, prompting him to enter into negotiations with Nader in which he sent back a few captive Safavid princesses. Hussein sultan's support for his proxy, Zulfaqar Khan, however did not cease or even lessen - in fact a Ghilzai force of at least a few thousand strong commanded by Mohammad Seidal Khan was sent from Qandahar to support him. In February 1731 Nader ordered Emamverdi Khan, the Governor of Kerman, to march to Herat and subdue the Abdalis. |
43905012_1 | Herat Campaign of 1731 | The Persian army arrived during April 1731 in the town of Nuqra just a few short kilometres from Herat itself, whence they fanned out and to take hold of the towers and strongholds in Herat's environs. During one of these nights Nader's small entourage of a mere eight musketeers were trapped in an isolated tower when Seidal Khan carried out a surprise raid. Fortunately for Nader a unit of musketeers happened upon the Afghan cavalry encircling his tower and put the enemy to flight. At a later date after crossing over a bridge over Harrirud, the Persians beat back a large counterattack by the Afghans forcing them to retire behind the walls of Herat's citadel. On a particular night when Nader was resting in his tent, an Afghan cannon from the citadel walls fired a random shot, lobbing a round ball through the roof of the tent with it landing right next to Nader's bed as he was resting causing his followers to claim he had divine protection.
The final decisive engagement took place outside the city when Zulfaqar Khan and Seidal Khan agreed to a joint coordinated attack against the Persians. The attack was decimated when Nader sent a flanking force round the Afghans and himself rode directly against their front with a large body of cavalry. The defeat caused Seidal Khan's departure which in turn led to the remaining defenders of Herat asking for terms of submission.
Allahyar Khan's Betrayal
Under the treaty signed by both sides Allahyar Khan was returned his governorship of Herat with Zulfaqar Khan being exiled to Farah. Nader did not however militarily occupy the citadel - an action which would prove a terrible mistake when 4,000 fighters came down from Farah and stoked the fires of rebellion once more. Allahyar Khan was pressured despite his reluctance to join the revolt. Allahyar Khan was also exiled. |
43905012_2 | Herat Campaign of 1731 | The siege of the citadel was hence resumed with the Afghan's sending peace emissaries once they realised their predicament. The negotiations lasted a long while but were eventually concluded, giving Zulfaqar Khan and his brother a chance to escape to Qandahar whilst Herat came under occupation but was surprisingly not looted or sacked by Nader's troops. Ibrahim Khan managed to conquer Farah, helping to pacify the region as a whole in addition to Nader's policies of forced migration for many of the tribes involved in the rebellion as well as incorporating many of their fighters into his own armed forces.
* Military of the Afsharid dynasty of Persia
* Sadozai Sultanate of Herat
* Naderian Wars
* Nader Shah
* Safavid Restoration
* Ottoman-Persian War (1730-1735) |
439877_0 | Kharough | KharoughTajik: Хоруғ, Latin script: Xoruƣ; Russian: Хорог, romanized: Khorog; Persian: خاروغ, romanized: Khārūgh) is the capital of Gorno-Badakhshan, Tajikistan. It is also the capital of the Shughnon District of Gorno-Badakhshan. It has a population of 30,500 (2020 est.).
Khorugh is 2,200 metres (7,200 ft) above sea level in the Pamir Mountains (ancient Mount Imeon) at the confluence of the rivers Ghunt and Panj. The city is bounded to the south (Nivodak) and to the north (Tem) by the deltas of the Shakhdara and Ghunt, respectively. The two rivers merge in the eastern part of the city flow through the city, dividing it almost evenly until its delta in the Panj, on the border with Afghanistan. Khorugh is known for its poplar trees that dominate the flora of the city.
History
Typical scenery in the area
Until the late 19th century, Khorugh was in an area disputed between the Emir of Bukhara, Shah of Afghanistan, Russia and Britain. The Russians emerged the winners of the region after The Great Game, which fixed the current northern border of Afghanistan on the Panj River and established the territory of Russian Pamir around Khorugh.
Before 1896, when the Russians arrived and built a fort, the main town in the area was Kala-i Bar Panj (or Bar Panja Qal'a) somewhat downriver on the Afghan side. Following the fall of czarist Russia and the rise of the Soviet Union, Khorugh became the capital of Gorno-Badakhshan in 1925. Soviet leaders encouraged the migration of settlers to the area with promises of pay, medals and automobiles, but with no industry and little arable land, the effort was not successful. |
439877_1 | Kharough | Khorugh occupied headlines in July 2012 due to a government forces clash with guerrillas. Over 40 people, including 12 soldiers were killed (many reports indicated that the number of casualties could be higher). The country’s security forces moved in to arrest suspects in the murder of secret services General Abdullo Nazarov. The alleged criminals were linked to former guerrilla leader-turned-border patrol commander Tolib Ayombekov. Ayombekov is alleged to have been involved in drug trafficking and the smuggling of tobacco and precious stones for many years.
Pamir's botanical garden is the most popular view of Khorog. It was established in 1940 to test the survival rate of various plants in mountain climate conditions. More than 30,000 varieties of plants have been checked according to official statistics, which now covers around 4,000 types of garden collection. Located close to Khorog, the botanic garden of Pamir opens up a great panoramic view of the entire city.
Facilities and education
Modern Khorugh is one of the poorest areas of Tajikistan, with the non-profit Aga Khan Foundation providing almost the only source of cash income. However, the city does have its own university (Khorugh State University), founded in 1992), twelve schools, and several hospitals. There is a museum, the Khorugh Regional Museum,Ismaili Centre,
Along the Dushanbe–Khorugh highway
Khorugh is also host to the Aga Khan Lycee and one of the three campuses of the University of Central Asia (UCA). The university was founded in 2000 by the governments of Kazakhstan, the Kyrgyz Republic and Tajikistan, and The Aga Khan. It is the world’s first internationally chartered institution of higher education. UCA has three Schools - School of Arts and Sciences, Graduate School of Development and the School of Professional and Continuing Education. The Khorugh Campus offers Bachelor of Arts and Bachelor of Science degrees in Global Economics and Earth and Environmental Sciences.
Transportation |
439877_2 | Kharough | Transportation
There is a bridge to the Afghan side of the river. Khorugh is situated along the Pamir Highway at the point where it leaves the Panj valley and heads east up the Ghunt valley. The Pamir highway is the main road in Gorno-Badakhshan and connects the Tajik capital of Dushanbe toward the west to the Republic of Kyrgyzstan to the northeast.
The highway is very difficult to pass in both directions, especially during winter and spring. Khorugh also has a small airport, which can accommodate smaller airplanes like AN-28 turboprop and the Yakovlev YAK-40, or helicopters.
Climate
Khorugh experiences a semi-arid climate (Köppen climate classification BSk) with cold, snowy winters and hot, dry summers. |
439877_3 | Kharough | Climate data for Khorugh (1961–1990, extremes 1898–present)
Month Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec Year
Record high °C (°F) 11.8 12.6 21.6 30.0 36.2 38.2 37.9 38.2 39.7 29.5 20.5 14.0 39.7
(53.2) (54.7) (70.9) (86.0) (97.2) (100.8) (100.2) (100.8) (103.5) (85.1) (68.9) (57.2) (103.5)
Average high °C (°F) −1.2 0.6 6.8 15.7 21.4 26.6 30.1 30.4 26.1 18.2 9.5 2.3 15.5
(29.8) (33.1) (44.2) (60.3) (70.5) (79.9) (86.2) (86.7) (79.0) (64.8) (49.1) (36.1) (59.9)
Average low °C (°F) −11.2 −8.9 −1.7 5.2 8.6 12.1 15.2 15.1 9.9 4.1 −1.1 −6.5 3.4
(11.8) (16.0) (28.9) (41.4) (47.5) (53.8) (59.4) (59.2) (49.8) (39.4) (30.0) (20.3) (38.1)
Record low °C (°F) −27.1 −26.6 −19.8 −7.6 −1.3 1.9 7.4 5.4 1.5 −14.0 −13.2 −24.7 −27.1 |
439877_4 | Kharough | (−16.8) (−15.9) (−3.6) (18.3) (29.7) (35.4) (45.3) (41.7) (34.7) (6.8) (8.2) (−12.5) (−16.8)
Average precipitation mm (inches) 33.8 35.5 45.6 42.2 29.9 8.4 3.4 1.4 1.0 5.6 7.5 11.5 225.8
(1.33) (1.40) (1.80) (1.66) (1.18) (0.33) (0.13) (0.06) (0.04) (0.22) (0.30) (0.45) (8.89)
Average precipitation days 11.5 13.2 16.4 13.5 12.2 5.7 3.7 1.4 1.0 5.6 7.5 11.5 103.2
Average relative humidity (%) 72.2 70.7 61.8 51.6 52.8 48.0 43.9 40.7 43.8 54.3 60.1 64.9 55.4
Mean monthly sunshine hours 108 103 139 178 223 262 269 275 245 181 144 105 2,232
Source 1: World Meteorological Organisation (average high and low/precipitation/precipitation days 1961–1990),NOAA (sun 1961–1990)
Source 2: climatebase.ru (humidity), |
439877_5 | Kharough | Sports
Khorugh is the locality of highest altitude where bandy has been played.
Photo gallery
Panorama of Khorugh from the north
Panorama of Khorugh from the east
Wikivoyage has a travel guide for Khorugh.
* "Welcome to Xoroq (Khorogh)", © Tirdâd Gorgâni, May 2005; (web archive, 1 August 2008).
* Photo of Khorugh Airport (source)
* A Bird's Eye View of Khorugh (Flickr)
Coordinates: 37°29′N 71°33′E / 37.483°N 71.550°E |
304042_0 | List of subdivisions of Spain by population | Autonomous communities
Rank Rank Population estimate for Population estimate for Percent of total
as of as of Autonomous community or city January 1, 2014 January 1, 2010 Spanish population
2014 2010
1 1 Andalusia 8,388,875 8,276,017 18.04%
2 2 Catalonia 7,518,903 7,463,471 15.94%
3 3 Community of Madrid 6,378,297 6,373,532 13.71%
4 4 Valencian Community 4,956,427 4,989,631 10.66%
5 5 Galicia 2,747,226 2,747,226 5.91%
6 6 Castile and León 2,495,689 2,547,408 5.37%
7 7 Basque Autonomous Community 2,167,166 2,179,532 4.66%
8 9 Canary Islands 2,114,845 2,045,168 4.55%
9 8 Castile-La Mancha 2,075,197 2,084,470 4.46%
10 10 Region of Murcia 1,461,803 1,453,545 3.14%
11 11 Aragon 1,311,301 1,344,184 2.82%
12 12 Extremadura 1,099,605 1,096,421 2.36%
13 13 Balearic Islands 1,115,841 1,077,103 2.4%
14 14 Asturias 1,058,975 1,077,103 2.28%
15 15 Navarre 636,450 633,017 1.37%
16 16 Cantabria 587,682 588,518 1.26%
17 17 La Rioja (Spain) 315,223 319,939 0.68%
18 18 Ceuta 84,674 79,294 0.18%
19 19 Melilla 83,870 76,047 0.18%
– – Spain 46,598,049 46,486,021 100%
Provinces
This is a list of the provinces of Spain in order of population. |
304042_1 | List of subdivisions of Spain by population | Rank Province Population as of Population as of Autonomous community
1 January 2013 1 January 2010
1 Madrid 6,495,551 6,458,684 Madrid
2 Barcelona 5,540,925 5,511,147 Catalonia
3 Valencia 2,566,474 2,581,147 Valencian Community
4 Alicante 1,945,642 1,926,285 Valencian Community
5 Seville 1,942,115 1,917,097 Andalusia
6 Málaga 1,652,999 1,609,557 Andalusia
7 Murcia 1,472,049 1,461,979 Murcia
8 Cádiz 1,238,492 1,236,739 Andalusia
9 Biscay 1,156,447 1,153,724 Basque Community
10 A Coruña 1,138,161 1,146,458 Galicia
11 Balearic Islands 1,111,674 1,106,049 Balearic Islands
12 Las Palmas 1,103,850 1,090,605 Canary Islands
13 Asturias 1,068,165 1,084,341 Asturias
14 Santa Cruz de Tenerife 1,014,829 1,027,914 Canary Islands
15 Zaragoza 978,638 973,252 Aragon
16 Pontevedra 955,050 962,472 Galicia
17 Granada 919,319 918,072 Andalusia
18 Tarragona 810,178 808,420 Catalonia
19 Córdoba 802,422 805,108 Andalusia
20 Girona 761,632 753,046 Catalonia
21 Gipuzkoa 713,818 707,263 Basque Community
22 Toledo 706,407 697,959 Castile–La Mancha
23 Almería 699,329 695,560 Andalusia |
304042_2 | List of subdivisions of Spain by population | 24 Badajoz 693,729 692,137 Extremadura
25 Jaén 664,916 670,761 Andalusia
26 Navarre 644,447 636,924 Navarre
27 Castellón 601,699 604,274 Valencian Community
28 Cantabria 591,888 592,250 Cantabria
29 Valladolid 532,284 533,640 Castile and León
30 Ciudad Real 524,962 529,453 Castile–La Mancha
31 Huelva 520,668 518,081 Andalusia
32 León 489,752 499,284 Castile and León
33 Lleida 440,915 439,768 Catalonia
34 Cáceres 410,275 415,083 Extremadura
35 Albacete 400,007 401,682 Castile–La Mancha
36 Burgos 371,248 374,826 Castile and León
37 Lugo 346,005 353,504 Galicia
38 Salamanca 345,548 353,619 Castile and León
39 Ourense 326,724 335,219 Galicia
40 La Rioja 322,027 322,415 La Rioja
41 Álava 321,417 317,352 Basque Community
42 Guadalajara 257,723 251,563 Castile–La Mancha
43 Huesca 226,329 228,566 Aragon
44 Cuenca 211,899 217,716 Castile–La Mancha
45 Zamora 188,270 194,214 Castile and León
46 Palencia 168,955 172,510 Castile and León
47 Ávila 168,825 171,896 Castile and León
48 Segovia 161,702 164,268 Castile and León
49 Teruel 142,183 145,277 Aragon
50 Soria 93,291 95,258 Castile and León
51 Ceuta 84,180 80,579 Ciudad autónoma |
304042_3 | List of subdivisions of Spain by population | 51 Ceuta 84,180 80,579 Ciudad autónoma
52 Melilla 83,679 76,034 Ciudad autónoma
– Spain 47,129,783 47,021,031 – |
304042_4 | List of subdivisions of Spain by population | Note: Ceuta and Melilla are autonomous cities ("ciudades autonómas") as both are located in North Africa and do not belong to an autonomous community.
* List of Spanish provinces by area
* List of Spanish provinces by coastline
* List of Spanish autonomous communities by area
* List of Spanish autonomous communities by population
* Geography of Spain
* Demographics of Spain |
10338300_0 | 1000000000000000000000000 (number) | #REDIRECT Metric prefix |
48324027_0 | Maksym Zaliznyak oak tree | Millennial oak tree of Maksym Zaliznyak
The Maksym Zaliznyak oak tree (Ukrainian: дуб Максима Залізняка) is a natural monument in Ukraine. It is located near the Buda village in Cherkasy Raion of Cherkasy Oblast, Ukraine, and cared for by the National Historical and Cultural Preserve "Chyhyryn"Maksym Zalizniak, a leader of the Koliivshchyna rebellion of haidamaks in 1768. Its trunk is 9 meters (in circumference); its height is about 30 metres (98 ft).
* NHCP "Chyhyryn" site (Ukrainian)
* Maksym Zaliznyak Oak
* 1100 Years Old Oak
* NHCP "Chyhyryn" guide
* Millennial oak in Kholodnyi Yar continues to grow (photo) (Ukrainian)
Coordinates: 49°06′34.9″N 32°15′36.8″E / 49.109694°N 32.260222°E |
1740459_0 | Jolfa, Iran (city) | For other places with the same name, see Julfa (disambiguation).
Jolfa (Persian: جلفا; also Romanized as Jolfā, Julfa, and Dzhulfi)Jolfa County, East Azerbaijan Province, Iran. At the 2006 census, its population was 4,983, in 1,365 families.
Jolfa is located to the north of Tabriz, separated by the Aras River from its northern neighbor and namesake, the town of Julfa in the Republic of Azerbaijan.
Demographically, all residents of Julfa are Azerbaijanis
Monuments
Saint Stepanos Monastery near Jolfa
* Saint Stepanos Monastery
* Jolfa Water Mill
* Chapel of Chupan |
48712037_0 | 1940 Bulgarian Cup Final | The 1940 Bulgarian Cup Final was the 3rd final of the Bulgarian Cup (in this period the tournament was named Tsar's Cup), and was contested between FC 13 Sofia and Sportklub Plovdiv on 13 October 1940 at Levski Playground in Sofia. FC 13 won the final 2–1.
Match
Details
13 October 1940
15:30 EEST
FC 13 Sofia 2−1 Sportklub Plovdiv
Nikolaev 27' Bazovski 13' (o.g.)
Stoichkov 85'
Levski Playground, Sofia
Attendance: 5,000
Referee: Stefan Chumpalov (Sofia)
FC 13 Sportklub
GK 1 [Bulgaria] Carlo Nedyalkov GK 1 [Bulgaria] Dimitar Antonov
DF 2 [Bulgaria] Yordan Iliev DF 2 [Bulgaria] Toma Tomov
DF 3 [Bulgaria] Stoyan Bazovski DF 3 [Bulgaria] Dimitar Batinov
MF 4 [Bulgaria] Boris Penchev MF 4 [Bulgaria] Asparuh Karayanev
MF 5 [Bulgaria] Petar Petrov MF 5 [Bulgaria] Hristo Bachvarov (c)
MF 6 [Bulgaria] Trayko Krastanov MF 6 [Bulgaria] Ivan Lazarov
FW 7 [Bulgaria] Nikola Nikolov FW 7 [Bulgaria] Hristo Popov
FW 8 [Bulgaria] Dimitar Nikolaev FW 8 [Bulgaria] Metodi Karayanev
FW 9 [Bulgaria] Borislav Asparuhov FW 9 [Bulgaria] Svetoslav Matanov
FW 10 [Bulgaria] Krum Stoichkov FW 10 [Bulgaria] Atanas Todorov
FW 11 [Bulgaria] Borislav Kamenski (c) FW 11 [Bulgaria] Stefan Paunov
* 1939–40 Bulgarian National Football Division |
22642444_0 | 1972 Scottish League Cup Final | The 1972 Scottish League Cup Final was played on 9 December 1972 and was the final of the 27th Scottish League Cup competition. It was contested by Hibernian and Celtic. Hibs won the match 2–1, thanks to goals by Jimmy O'Rourke and Pat Stanton. This meant that Hibs won their first major national cup competition since the 1902 Scottish Cup, and it was their first cup win at Hampden Park.
Match details
9 December 1972
Hibernian 2–1 Celtic
Stanton 60' Dalglish 77'
O'Rourke 66'
Hampden Park, Glasgow
Attendance: 71,696
HIBERNIAN: CELTIC:
GK 1 Jim Herriot GK 1 Evan Williams
DF 2 John Brownlie DF 2 Danny McGrain
DF 3 Erich Schaedler DF 3 Jim Brogan
MF 4 Pat Stanton DF 4 Pat McCluskey
DF 5 Jim Black DF 5 Billy McNeill
DF 6 John Blackley MF 6 David Hay
MF 7 Alex Edwards MF 7 Jimmy Johnstone [downward-facing red arrow]
FW 8 Jimmy O'Rourke MF 8 George Connelly
FW 9 Alan Gordon FW 9 Kenny Dalglish
MF 10 Alex Cropley MF 10 Harry Hood
MF 11 Arthur Duncan FW 11 Lou Macari
Substitutes: Substitutes:
MF ? Johnny Hamilton MF ? Tommy Callaghan [upward-facing green arrow]
Manager: Manager:
Eddie Turnbull Jock Stein
Played between same clubs:
* 1969 Scottish League Cup Final (April)
* 1974 Scottish League Cup Final
* 2021 Scottish League Cup Final (December)
* Soccerbase
* TheCelticWiki |
73058297_0 | Cyril Sisnett (c. 1910 - 1984) | Cyril Sisnett (1909/1910–December 15, 1984), was a plantation manager and company director in Barbados. That Sisnett was shot dead at Francia Great House, Saint George, aged 74. Two men were charged with the murder and sentenced to death by hanging. |
8173249_0 | J.W. Pepper & Son | J.W. Pepper & Son, Inc. is a privately owned, American sheet music retailer based in Exton, Pennsylvania. The company is credited with being the largest sheet music retailer in the world, with over 750,000 titles in its catalog. Customers who buy music from Pepper include individual musicians, community organizations and professional ensembles, with the main customer base being school and church music directors.
History
James Welsh Pepper was born in Philadelphia in 1853, and died in the same city on July 28, 1919. He was an American music publisher and musical instrument maker.
In 1876, Pepper founded a publishing house in his home city which printed music tutorial books and a magazine called Musical Times, which ceased production in 1912. Additionally, Pepper produced musical instruments such as drums until 1910, the year in which J.W. Pepper & Son was founded. Pepper is often credited with inventing the sousaphone around 1893, although there have been some disputes to this claim.
Company details
J.W. Pepper has 12 regional marketing centers, along with two distribution centers dedicated to order fulfillment and shipping.Paoli, Pennsylvania, approximately 20 miles west of Philadelphia. In October 2013, the company's headquarters moved further west to Exton, Pennsylvania.
* J.W. Pepper & Son corporate website
* Free scores by J.W. Pepper & Son at the International Music Score Library Project (IMSLP)
* Dean Burtch NAMM Oral History Program Interview (2004)
* Lee Paynter NAMM Oral History Program Interview (2015)
* Glenn Burtch NAMM Oral History Program Interview (2016)
* Ron Rowe NAMM Oral History Program Interview (2016)
* Charles Slater NAMM Oral History Program Interview (2016) |
14670029_0 | Komořanské jezero | Komořanské jezero, picture from 1882
Komořanské jezero is a former lake in the Czech Republic that is now non-existent as it has dried up. It had an area of approximately 140 ha. It was located in the Ore Mountains in the northwestern part of the country.
Wikimedia Commons has media related to Komořanské jezero.
Coordinates: 50°32′30″N 13°32′27″E / 50.54167°N 13.54083°E |
17194057_0 | Living in Neon | Living in NeonSpray, released in 2002.
A 2-CD reissue was released in 2016.
Track listing
1. "Living in Neon - Main Titles" 3:03
2. "Child of the 80s" 3:25
3. "I am Gothic" 3:41
4. "Spaced" 3:46
5. "I Kill with My Car" 3:10
6. "Comeback" 3:48
7. "I Keep Missing the Loveboat" 2:33
8. "Leave It to the Girls, Boys" 3:15
9. "Heatwavers" 3:50
10. "She's a Brainiac" 3:22
11. "So Close" 4:01
12. "Fashion Stigma" 3:10
13. "So, This Is It, Then?" 3:19
14. "Child of the 80s" (Disco Mix) 5:51
15. "I am Gothic" (Atomic Remix) 6:40
16. "Spaced" (12" Dance Remix) 7:08
17. "I am Gothic" (Freestone Mix) 2:55 |
16047240_0 | 12″ Collection | This article is about the 1999 Rick Astley album. For the 1992 Queen compilation album, see The 12″ Collection. For the 1986 Gap Band album 12″ Collection, see the Gap Band discography. For the 2002 Hall and Oates album 12 Inch Collection, see Hall & Oates discography.
12" Collection is Rick Astley's first compilation album, released in 1999. It was re-released with a different track listing in 2006.
Track listings
1999
All tracks written by Stock, Aitken & Waterman except track 2 by Rick Astley
1. "Take Me to Your Heart (Autumn Leaves Mix)" – 6:42
2. "She Wants to Dance with Me (Extended Mix)" – 7:15
3. "It Would Take a Strong Strong Man (Matt's Jazzy Guitar Mix)" – 7:49
4. "Together Forever (Lover's Leap Extended Remix)" – 7:04
5. "Never Gonna Give You Up (Cake Mix)" – 5:49
2006
1. Together Forever (House Of Love Mix) – 6:55
2. My Arms Keep Missing You (The No L Mix) – 6:46
3. Take Me To Your Heart (Autumn Leaves Mix) – 6:39
4. Never Gonna Give You Up (Cake Mix) – 5:47
5. Whenever You Need Somebody (Rick Sets It Off Mix) – 7:52
6. It Would Take A Strong Strong Man (Matt's Jazzy Guitar Mix) – 7:47
7. She Wants To Dance With Me (Bordering On A Collie Mix) – 6:05
8. Giving Up On Love (12" Pop Extended) – 7:17
9. Never Knew Love (The 3 Day Mix) – 8:35
10. Cry For Help (12" Mix) – 6:23
11. Hold Me In Your Arms (Extended) – 7:37 |
60493144_0 | Merotai (state constituency) | Merotai is a state constituency in Sabah, Malaysia, that is represented in the Sabah State Legislative Assembly.
History
Member of Sabah State Legislative Assembly for Merotai
Assembly Years Member Party
Constituency created
3rd 1969 – 1971 Mohamed Kassim Kamidin Alliance (USNO)
4th 1971 – 1976
5th 1976 – 1981 Mohamed Tambi
6th 1981 – 1985 Abdul Ghapur Salleh BN (BERJAYA)
7th 1985 – 1986
8th 1986 – 1990 Mohd Said Senang USNO
9th 1990
1990 – 1994 BN (UMNO)
10th 1994 – 1999 Abdul Ghapur Salleh
11th 1999 – 2004 Patawari Patawe
12th 2004 – 2008 Liew Yun Fah BN (LDP)
13th 2008 – 2013 Pang Yuk Ming
14th 2013 – 2018
15th 2018 – 2020 Sarifuddin Hata WARISAN
16th 2020 –
Election results
Sabah state election, 2020
Party Candidate Votes % ∆%
Sabah Heritage Party Sarifuddin Hata 4,058 46.98 -3.51
PN Mohamad Jalani Chachu 2,471 28.61 N/A
Sabah People's Hope Party Liew Yun Fah 1,779 20.60 +19.78
Love Sabah Party Abdullah Palile 86 1.00 N/A
USNO (Baru) Hafeezatul Halimah Mohamad 60 0.69 +0.51
LDP Shim Nyat Yun 30 0.35 N/A
Total valid votes 8,484 98.22
Total rejected ballots 125 1.45
Unreturned ballots 29 0.34
Turnout 8,638 57.69
Registered electors 14,973
Majority 1,587
Sabah Heritage Party hold Swing N/A
Source(s)
"RESULTS OF CONTESTED ELECTION AND STATEMENTS OF THE POLL AFTER THE OFFICIAL ADDITION OF VOTES". |
60493144_1 | Merotai (state constituency) | Sabah state election, 2018
Party Candidate Votes % ∆%
Sabah Heritage Party Sarifuddin Hata 7,707 50.49 N/A
BN Lim Ting Khai 5,557 36.41 -20.09
Pan-Malaysian Islamic Party Ahmad Dullah 1,209 7.92 -19.87
PH Arbaani Akum 193 1.26 N/A
Sabah People's Hope Party Sharata Masyaroh John Ridwan Lincoln 125 0.82 N/A
USNO (Baru) Mohd Nasir Sumadi 28 0.18 N/A
PKS Azizul Tandek 20 0.13 N/A
Total valid votes 14,839 97.22
Total rejected ballots 275 1.80
Unreturned ballots 149 0.98
Turnout 15,263 73.97
Registered electors 20,634
Majority 2,150
Sabah Heritage Party gain from BN Swing N/A
Source(s)
"RESULTS OF CONTESTED ELECTION AND STATEMENTS OF THE POLL AFTER THE OFFICIAL ADDITION OF VOTES".
Sabah state election, 2013
Party Candidate Votes % ∆%
BN Pang Yuk Ming 8,045 56.50 +14.08
Pan-Malaysian Islamic Party Ahmad Dullah 3,957 27.79 +17.18
Independent Chin Chee Syn 1,255 8.81 N/A
Independent Mohd Manuke 342 2.40 N/A
SAPP Ho Shau Vui 221 1.55 N/A
Independent Rita Rudiansah Abu Bakar 104 0.73 N/A
Total valid votes 13,924 97.78
Total rejected ballots 238 1.67
Unreturned ballots 78 0.55
Turnout 14,240 77.74
Registered electors 18,317
Majority 4,088
BN hold Swing -1.55
Source(s)
"KEPUTUSAN PILIHAN RAYA UMUM DEWAN UNDANGAN NEGERI". |
60493144_2 | Merotai (state constituency) | Sabah state election, 2008
Party Candidate Votes % ∆%
BN Pang Yuk Ming 3,723 42.42 -25.29
Independent Soon Ten Fook 3,481 39.66 N/A
Pan-Malaysian Islamic Party Mohamad Tingka 931 10.61 -2.56
Independent Moktar Ahmad 289 3.29 -2.30
Independent Salman Nurillah 286 3.26 N/A
Total valid votes 8,710 99.24
Total rejected ballots 67 0.76
Unreturned ballots 0 0.00
Turnout 8,777 63.00
Registered electors 13,931
Majority 242
BN hold Swing N/A
Source(s)
"KEPUTUSAN PILIHAN RAYA UMUM DEWAN UNDANGAN NEGERI SABAH BAGI TAHUN 2008".
Sabah state election, 2004
Party Candidate Votes % ∆%
BN Liew Yun Fah 5,344 67.71 +26.33
Pan-Malaysian Islamic Party Usman Madeaming 1,039 13.17 +10.24
Independent Foo Chee King 584 7.40 N/A
Independent Moktar Ahmad 441 5.59 N/A
Independent Abdul Gaffar Mohd Nor 405 5.13 N/A
Total valid votes 7,813 99.00
Total rejected ballots 79 1.00
Unreturned ballots 0 0.00
Turnout 7,892 59.12
Registered electors 13,348
Majority 4,305
BN hold Swing +8.05
Source(s)
"KEPUTUSAN PILIHAN RAYA UMUM DEWAN UNDANGAN NEGERI SABAH BAGI TAHUN 2004". |
60493144_3 | Merotai (state constituency) | Sabah state election, 1999
Party Candidate Votes % ∆%
BN Patawari Patawe 5,265 41.38 -30.53
PBS Majin Ajin 4,218 33.15 +7.74
BERSEKUTU Mohd Ishak Awadan 2,653 20.85 N/A
Pan-Malaysian Islamic Party Abdurahman Ahmad @ Maidin 373 2.93 +1.69
Independent Bacho Pendrongi 113 0.89 N/A
Total valid votes 12,622 99.21
Total rejected ballots 101 0.79
Unreturned ballots 0 0.00
Turnout 12,723 65.20
Registered electors 19,515
Majority 1,047
BN hold Swing -19.14
Source(s)
"KEPUTUSAN PILIHAN RAYA UMUM DEWAN UNDANGAN NEGERI SABAH BAGI TAHUN 1999".
Sabah state election, 1994
Party Candidate Votes % ∆%
BN Abdul Ghapur Salleh 9,515 71.91 +22.27
PBS Mohd Said Senang 3,362 25.41 -11.00
Pan-Malaysian Islamic Party Mohamad Tingka 164 1.24 N/A
BERSEKUTU Hamud Salleh 54 0.41 N/A
Total valid votes 13,095 98.97
Total rejected ballots 136 1.03
Unreturned ballots 0 0.00
Turnout 13,231 70.90
Registered electors 18,662
Majority 6,153
BN hold Swing +16.64
Source(s)
"KEPUTUSAN PILIHAN RAYA UMUM DEWAN UNDANGAN NEGERI SABAH BAGI TAHUN 1994".
Sabah state election, 1990
Party Candidate Votes % ∆%
USNO Mohd Said Senang 5,372 49.64 -11.89
PBS Syed Abas Syed Ali 3,940 36.41 -0.89
BERJAYA Ramlee Rashida 1,202 11.11 N/A
PRS Rosaidy Landang 164 1.52 N/A
Total valid votes 10,678 98.67
Total rejected ballots 144 1.33
Unreturned ballots 0 0.00
Turnout 10,822 71.21
Registered electors 15,197
Majority 1,432
USNO hold Swing -5.50
Source(s)
"KEPUTUSAN PILIHAN RAYA UMUM DEWAN UNDANGAN NEGERI SABAH BAGI TAHUN 1990". |
60493144_4 | Merotai (state constituency) | Sabah state election, 1986
Party Candidate Votes % ∆%
USNO Mohd Said Senang 5,052 61.53
PBS Syed Abas Syed Ali 3,062 37.30
Total valid votes 8,114 98.83
Total rejected ballots 96 1.17
Unreturned ballots 0 0.00
Turnout 8,210 71.22
Registered electors 11,527
Majority 1,990
USNO gain Swing
Source(s)
"KEPUTUSAN PILIHAN RAYA UMUM DEWAN UNDANGAN NEGERI SABAH BAGI TAHUN 1986". |
25948274_0 | Josh Grant | For the English footballer, see Josh Grant (footballer).
Joshua David Grant (born August 7, 1967) is an American former professional basketball player. The 6'9" (2.06 m), 223 pound (101 kg) power forward graduated from East High School in Salt Lake City, Utah in 1986University of Utah, where he was an important player and still holds multiple basketball records. Among other honors, Grant was named to Utah's All-Century Men's Basketball Team on February 12, 2008
Grant was selected with the sixteenth pick of the second round of the 1993 NBA draft (43rd pick overall) by the Denver Nuggets and was traded to the Golden State Warriors on a draft night trade.
College career
Grant played for the University of Utah Utes from 1988–1993 (he was forced to take a medical red-shirt year because of a knee injury during the 1991–92 season).
Grant played under coach Lynn Archibald for one season, and then under Rick Majerus for the rest of his college career. The period during which Grant played under Majerus marked the beginning of a highly successful period for the Utes under Majerus throughout the 1990s, which culminated with the Utes' appearance in the NCAA championship game in 1998. The Utes won WAC regular season championships in 1991 and 1993, and the 1991 team went to the Sweet Sixteen of the NCAA Tournament, eventually being eliminated by Jerry Tarkanian's defending champion UNLV Runnin' Rebels to finish 30–4 for the season.
Honors
Grant received many honors for his collegiate career at Utah, where he was a four-year letter earner (1989, 1990, 1991, 1993).
In 2008, Grant was honored by the University of Utah as part of its men's basketball program's centennial celebration when he was named to the University of Utah Men's Basketball "All Century Team" on February 12, 2008.
Grant also participated in several events that are among some of the most memorable in Utah men's basketball history. He dunked over 7'6" center Sean Bradley of arch-rival BYU on February 16, 1991, which was voted as the 41st greatest moment in Utah basketball history. |
25948274_1 | Josh Grant | * 33. March 17, 1991 – Utah 85 Michigan State 84 to go to Sweet 16. The game went to double overtime, and Grant had 29 points for the Utes.
* 42. March 2, 1991 – Utah beats BYU 72–71 OT (30–4 season).
* 72. Feb 16, 1991 – Utah wins WAC with an 81–74 victory over BYU.
* 98. Feb 27, 1993 – Largest crowd ever recorded in the Huntsman Center (15,755).
Records
Grant holds multiple records in many categories for Utah, including several all-time records, such as:
* Third highest scorer all-time with 2000 total points.
* Third in total rebounds with 1066.
* Most total offensive rebounds with 337.
* Second in total defensive rebounds with 839.
* Fourth in total field goals made with 727.
* Third in total three-point field goals made with 153.
* Second in all-time steals with 191.
* Seventh in all-time assists with 387.
* Fourth in blocked shots with 109.
* Third in total games played with 131.
Grant also holds many Utah records for individual games or seasons,
Professional career
Josh Grant was drafted as the 16th pick of the second round in the 1993 NBA draft (43rd overall) by the Denver Nuggets and was traded to the Golden State Warriors in a draft night trade with a 1994 second-round draft pick (eventually used to select Anthony Miller of Michigan) for Darnell Mee.
Grant was waived after one season.
Grant played professionally in Europe for nine more years, playing on teams in Spain, France, Greece and Italy.
Personal
Grant graduated from East High School in Salt Lake City in 1986, where he was an all-state player twice, and was named the Gatorade Player of the Year in Utah as a senior, after leading his team to a third-place finish in the state tournament.Greg was also a standout basketball player, earning PCAA co-Player of the Year honors at Utah State. His other brother Nate also played at Utah State.
Grant also served a two-year mission for the Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints in London from 1986 to 1988. |
25948274_2 | Josh Grant | After his basketball career, Grant earned a master's degree in teaching. He was a history teacher and head boys' basketball coach at Lake Forrest High School and Niles West High School in the Chicago, Illinois area.
Grant currently works as a regional development officer for the University of Utah, as part of the University's outreach program to alumni and friends. As part of this job, he travels around the country meeting alums and working to establish new relationships and strengthen ties with alums and friends on behalf of the university.
Career statistics
NBA
Legend
GP Games played GS Games started MPG Minutes per game
FG% Field goal percentage 3P% 3-point field goal percentage FT% Free throw percentage
RPG Rebounds per game APG Assists per game SPG Steals per game
BPG Blocks per game PPG Points per game Bold Career high
Regular season
Year Team GP GS MPG FG% 3P% FT% RPG APG SPG BPG PPG
1993–94 Golden State 53 0 7.2 .404 .279 .759 1.7 0.5 0.3 0.2 3.0
Playoffs
Year Team GP GS MPG FG% 3P% FT% RPG APG SPG BPG PPG
1993–94 Golden State 1 0 1.0 – – – .0 .0 .0 .0 .0
* List of NCAA Division I men's basketball players with 2000 points and 1000 rebounds
* NBA.com Profile
* NBA Career Stats
* Basketpedya.com Profile
* Italian League Profile (in Italian) |
48712510_0 | 1941 Bulgarian Cup Final | The 1941 Bulgarian Cup Final was the 4th final of the Bulgarian Cup (in this period the tournament was named Tsar's Cup), and was contested between AS 23 Sofia and Napredak Ruse on 3 October 1941 at City Stadium in Dobrich. AS 23 won the final 4–2.
Match
Details
3 October 1941
AS 23 Sofia 4−2 Napredak Ruse
Angelov 12', 57' Marinov 65'
Kuzmanov 30' Manev 75'
Todorov 62'
City Stadium, Dobrich
Attendance: 10,000
Referee: Kitso Pomenov (Sofia)
AS 23 Napredak
GK 1 [Bulgaria] Todor Dermonski GK 1 [Bulgaria] Marko Nikolov
DF 2 [Bulgaria] Spas Pashkurov DF 2 [Bulgaria] Nikola Kalachev
DF 3 [Bulgaria] Lyubomir Petrov DF 3 [Bulgaria] Radoslav Dukov
DF 4 [Bulgaria] Georgi Balakchiev DF 4 [Bulgaria] Borislav Peychev
MF 5 [Bulgaria] Kiril Chipev MF 5 [Bulgaria] Angel Asenov
MF 6 [Bulgaria] Mihail Bushev MF 6 [Bulgaria] Nikola Tsochev
FW 7 [Bulgaria] Lyubomir Angelov (c) FW 7 [Bulgaria] Lyubomir Vasilev
FW 8 [Bulgaria] Georgi Pachedzhiev FW 8 [Bulgaria] Gancho Vasilev
FW 9 [Bulgaria] Vladimir Todorov FW 9 [Bulgaria] Kiril Manev (c)
FW 10 [Bulgaria] Blagoy Kuzmanov FW 10 [Bulgaria] Tsanko Marinov
FW 11 [Bulgaria] Atanas Despotov FW 11 [Bulgaria] Georgi Cholakov
* 1941 Bulgarian State Football Championship |
32446650_0 | 1973 Oceania Cup Final | The 1973 Oceania Cup Final was a football match that took place on 24 February 1973 to determine the winners of the 1973 Oceania Cup. It was the final of the first Oceania Cup, a tournament contested by the senior men's national teams of the member associations of OFC to decide the champions of Oceania.
New Zealand won their inaugural Oceania Cup, beating Tahiti 2–0. New Zealand's Dave Taylor opened the scoring before Alan Marley scored their second to clinch the title.
Match
Details
24 February 1973
New Zealand 2–0 Tahiti
* Taylor Report
* Marley
Newmarket Park, Auckland
Referee: B. Chaudet (Vanuatu)
Kevin Curtain Georges Piehi
Maurice Tillotson Gérard Kautai
Ron Armstrong Joseph Burns
Colin Latimo Alexis Tumahai
John Staines Charles Temarii
Dennis Tindall [downward-facing red arrow] Terii Etaeta
David Taylor William Aumeran [downward-facing red arrow]
Brian Turner Mana Temaiana
Alan Marley Lewis Lai San
Alan Vest Erroll Bennett
Malcolm Bland Harold Ng Fok [downward-facing red arrow]
Substitutions: Substitutions:
Brian Armstrong [upward-facing green arrow] Gilles Malinowski [upward-facing green arrow]
Manager: Claude Carrara [upward-facing green arrow]
Barrie Truman Manager:
F. Vernaudon |
72681358_0 | Orleans Vermont Senate District, 2022–2032 | Coordinates: 44°42′N 73°19′W / 44.70°N 73.32°W
The Orleans Senate District is one of 13 Vermont Senate districts included in the redistricting and reapportionment plan developed by the Vermont General Assembly following the 2020 U.S. Census. The plan applies to legislatures elected in 2022, 2024, 2026, 2028, and 2030. A new plan will be developed in 2032 following the 2030 U.S. Census.
The Orleans district includes most of Orleans County, the Towns of Burke, Newark, Sheffield and Sutton from Caledonia County, and the Town of Montgomery from Franklin County.
As of the 2020 census, the state as a whole had a population of 643,077. As there are a total of 30 Senators, there were 21,436 residents per senator.
District Senators
As of 2023
* Robert Starr, Democrat
Towns in the Orleans district
Caledonia County
* Burke
* Newark
* Sheffield
* Sutton
Franklin County
* Montgomery
Orleans County
* Albany
* Barton
* Brownington
* Charleston
* Coventry
* Craftsbury
* Glover
* Greensboro
* Irasburg
* Jay
* Lowell
* Newport (town)
* Troy
* Westfield
* Westmore
* Essex-Orleans Vermont Senate District, 2012–2022
* Vermont Senate districts, 2012–2022
* Vermont Senate districts, 2022–2032
* Redistricting information from Vermont Legislature
* Map of current Orleans County Senate district |
66188081_0 | Khalid Mubarak (Qatari footballer) | Khalid Mubarak Al-Naemi (Arabic: خالد مبارك النعيمي; born 22 October 1998), is a Qatari professional footballer who plays as a defender.
Career
Khlaid started his career at the youth team of Al-Sadd and represented the club at every level except the senior level.
Career statistics
Club
As of 24 December 2020. Club Season League Cup Continental Other Total
Division Apps Goals Apps Goals Apps Goals Apps Goals Apps Goals
Al-Sadd 2017–18 Qatar Stars League 0 0 1 0 — — 1 0
2018–19 Qatar Stars League 0 0 3 0 — — 3 0
2019–20 Qatar Stars League 0 0 2 0 — — 2 0
Al Sadd Total 0 0 6 0 0 0 0 0 6 0
Al-Arabi 2019–20 Qatar Stars League 0 0 1 0 — — 1 0
2020–21 Qatar Stars League 1 0 5 1 — — 6 1
Career totals 1 0 12 1 0 0 0 0 13 1
* Khalid Mubarak at Soccerway |
32677468_0 | Konstantin Volkov (ice hockey) | Not to be confused with Konstantin Volkov (ice hockey, born 1997).
Konstantin Volkov (born 7 February 1985) is a Russian professional ice hockey player who is currently an unrestricted free agent. He most recently played with Avtomobilist Yekaterinburg in the Kontinental Hockey League (KHL).Toronto Maple Leafs in the 4th round (125th overall) of the 2003 NHL Entry Draft.
Career statistics |
32677468_1 | Konstantin Volkov (ice hockey) | Regular season Playoffs
Season Team League GP G A Pts PIM GP G A Pts PIM
1999–2000 Izhorets St. Petersburg RUS.3 2 0 1 1 0 — — — — —
2000–01 Izhorets St. Petersburg RUS.3 14 7 6 13 10 — — — — —
2001–02 Dynamo–2 Moscow RUS.3 21 3 7 10 10 — — — — —
2002–03 Dynamo–2 Moscow RUS.3 31 10 14 24 20 — — — — —
2003–04 Lada–2 Togliatti RUS.3 21 2 17 19 14 4 1 2 3 4
2003–04 CSK VVS Samara RUS.2 22 6 6 12 16 — — — — —
2003–04 THK Tver RUS.2 18 0 6 6 6 — — — — —
2004–05 Lada Togliatti RSL 1 0 0 0 0 — — — — —
2004–05 Lada–2 Togliatti RUS.3 53 25 31 56 66 — — — — —
2005–06 Vityaz Chekhov RSL 28 3 2 5 8 — — — — —
2005–06 Vityaz–2 Chekhov RUS.3 30 12 15 27 28 — — — — —
2006–07 Vityaz Chekhov RSL 32 7 3 10 10 2 0 0 0 4
2006–07 Vityaz–2 Chekhov RUS.3 14 11 10 21 12 — — — — —
2007–08 Vityaz Chekhov RSL 16 0 2 2 4 — — — — —
2007–08 Vityaz–2 Chekhov RUS.3 1 0 0 0 0 — — — — —
2007–08 HK Dmitrov RUS.2 25 5 10 15 14 4 1 1 2 2
2008–09 HC Rys RUS.2 61 29 38 67 42 — — — — —
2009–10 THK Tver RUS.2 3 1 2 3 0 — — — — —
2009–10 HC MVD KHL 44 10 11 21 26 22 2 2 4 20 |
32677468_2 | Konstantin Volkov (ice hockey) | 2010–11 Dynamo Moscow KHL 34 5 6 11 20 2 0 1 1 0
2011–12 Dynamo Moscow KHL 37 9 5 14 8 16 1 0 1 6
2012–13 Dynamo Moscow KHL 33 6 6 12 16 4 0 0 0 4
2013–14 Dynamo Moscow KHL 43 8 11 19 16 5 1 0 1 0
2014–15 Dynamo Moscow KHL 43 5 15 20 37 11 0 1 1 2
2014–15 Dynamo Balashikha VHL 2 0 0 0 0 — — — — —
2015–16 Dynamo Moscow KHL 43 4 3 7 12 2 0 0 0 4
2016–17 Avtomobilist Yekaterinburg KHL 28 0 4 4 6 — — — — —
RUS.2 & VHL totals 131 41 62 103 78 4 1 1 2 2
RSL totals 77 10 7 17 22 2 0 0 0 4
KHL totals 305 47 61 108 141 62 4 4 8 36 |
32677468_3 | Konstantin Volkov (ice hockey) | * Konstantin Volkov career statistics at EliteProspects.com
* Konstantin Volkov career statistics at The Internet Hockey Database |
21104879_0 | Lukáš Hrádecký | Lukáš Hrádecký (born 24 November 1989) is a Finnish footballer who plays as a goalkeeper for Bundesliga club Bayer Leverkusen and the Finland national team.
Born in Bratislava, present-day Slovakia,Turku from the age of one.TPS, before signing with Esbjerg fB at age 19 in 2009. After winning his first trophy, the Danish 1st Division, during his third season in Denmark, he helped Esbjerg win the Danish Cup in 2013. Hrádecký was named Finnish Footballer of the Year by the Football Association of Finland three years in a row between 2016 and 2018.
Formerly an international at under-17, under-18, under-19, under-20 and under-21 levels, Hrádecký made his debut for Finland in May 2010 at the age of 20. He appeared in nine out of ten of Finland's UEFA Euro 2020 qualification matches and helped the national team secure its first ever appearance at the UEFA European Championship.
Club career
TPS
Hrádecký began his career in Turun Palloseura, a club in Turku,Ruurlo, Netherlands, where he won the prize for best goalkeeper.
Esbjerg
On 10 January 2009, Hrádecký transferred to Esbjerg fB and signed a four-year contract with the five-time Danish champions.Manchester United to strengthen their goalkeeping department after the departure of Tom Heaton.2012–13 Superliga season Hradecky's contract with Esbjerg fB expired, and an agreement to prolong the contract was not reached.
Brøndby
On 12 June 2013, Hrádecký joined Danish Superliga club Brøndby IF on a four-year contract on a free transfer.Vestsjælland.
Eintracht Frankfurt
In August 2015 Hrádecký transferred from Brøndby to German Bundesliga team Eintracht Frankfurt. The value of the transfer was never published, but according to newspapers Eintracht paid €2.5 million to Brøndby.
Bayer Leverkusen
In May 2018, Bayer Leverkusen announced the signing of Hrádecký for the 2018–19 season on a free transfer. He agreed a contract until 2023. |
21104879_1 | Lukáš Hrádecký | Hrádecký with Finland in 2011
Hradecky made his debut in Leverkusen on 15 September 2018 in a match against Bayern Munich.Borussia Dortmund for handball after reaching out to grab the ball in front of his box.
International career
Finland youth teams
Hrádecký earned several caps for Finland on different junior levels. He made his junior level national team debut when he was 16 years old on 16 November 2006 in Athens in a match against Greece. He was a member of the Finland national under-20 football team and represented the team at the Valentin A. Granatkin Memorial Tournament.Finland national under-21 football team for 2009 UEFA European Under-21 Championship but he had to withdraw due to a knee injury.2011 UEFA European U21 Championship qualifications.
Finland first team
In January 2010 Hrádecký was called to the Finland national football team by Stuart Baxter to face South Korea in a friendly at Málaga, Spain. Hrádecký was at the bench the whole match. He finally made his first team debut on 21 May 2010, when he replaced Jukka Lehtovaara for the second half in a 2–0 away loss against Estonia.UEFA European Championship qualification game on 3 June 2011 when Mixu Paatelainen chose him to the starting line up against San Marino in Serravalle.Moldova, Netherlands and Sweden.
Hradecký appeared in three friendly matches during Finland's preparation for 2014 FIFA World Cup qualification. He was chosen to starting line up in the first qualification match against France, but remained as a substitute for the rest of the campaign as Niki Mäenpää established himself as the number one choice.
Hrádecký was called up for the UEFA Euro 2020 pre-tournament friendly match against Sweden on 29 May 2021.UEFA Euro 2020 tournament. Finland was placed 3rd in Group B following a 2–0 defeat to Belgium on 21 June 2021.
Personal life
Hrádecký was born in the KramáreBratislava.Slovak and has a Slovak passport. In September 1990, his father, a volleyball player, started playing for Ruskon Pallo −67Runosmäki, Turku.Tomas and Matej are also professional footballers.
Career statistics
Club |
21104879_2 | Lukáš Hrádecký | Career statistics
Club
As of match played 11 February 2023 Appearances and goals by club, season and competition
Club Season League National Cup Europe Total
Division Apps Goals Apps Goals Apps Goals Apps Goals
Esbjerg fB 2009–10 Danish Superliga 5 0 0 0 — 5 0
2010–11 13 0 2 0 — 15 0
2011–12 Danish 1st Division 23 0 0 0 — 23 0
2012–13 Danish Superliga 33 0 5 0 — 38 0
Total 74 0 7 0 — 81 0
Brøndby 2013–14 Danish Superliga 33 0 0 0 — 33 0
2014–15 33 0 2 0 2 0 37 0
2015–16 3 0 0 0 6 0 9 0
Total 69 0 2 0 8 0 79 0
Eintracht Frankfurt 2015–16 Bundesliga 34 0 3 0 — 37 0
2016–17 33 0 6 0 — 39 0
2017–18 34 0 6 0 — 40 0
Total 101 0 15 0 — 116 0
Bayer Leverkusen 2018–19 Bundesliga 32 0 2 0 6 0 40 0
2019–20 34 0 5 0 11 0 50 0
2020–21 29 0 3 0 5 0 37 0
2021–22 32 0 2 0 7 0 41 0
2022–23 19 0 1 0 6 0 26 0
Total 146 0 13 0 35 0 194 0
Career total 390 0 35 0 43 0 470 0
International
As of match played 20 November 2022 National team Year Competitive Friendly Total
Apps Goals Apps Goals Apps Goals
Finland 2010 0 0 1 0 1 0
2011 4 0 3 0 7 0
2012 1 0 3 0 4 0
2013 0 0 3 0 3 0
2014 1 0 3 0 4 0
2015 6 0 1 0 7 0
2016 4 0 4 0 8 0
2017 6 0 1 0 7 0
2018 5 0 3 0 8 0
2019 9 0 0 0 9 0
2020 6 0 0 0 6 0
2021 9 0 1 0 10 0
2022 5 0 2 0 7 0
Total 56 0 25 0 81 0
Honours
Club
Esbjerg fB
* Danish Cup: 2012–13
* Danish 1st Division: 2011–12
Eintracht Frankfurt
* DFB-Pokal: 2017–18
International
Finland
* Baltic Cup: runner-up: 2012
Individual |
21104879_3 | Lukáš Hrádecký | * Baltic Cup: runner-up: 2012
Individual
* Football Association of Finland Promising Player of the Year: 2007
* Best Goalkeeper Award at International Karel Stegeman U-19 Youth Tournament: 2008
* Finland national under-21 football team Goalkeeper of the Year: 2010
* Finland national under-21 football team Player of the Year: 2010
* Danish Superliga Goalkeeper of the Year: 2013
* Danish Superliga Best Player of the Spring Season: 2013
* Esbjerg fB Best Player of the Season: 2013
* Finnish Sports Journalists Footballer of the Year: 2016,
* Finnish Sports Personality of the Year: 2020
* Bundesliga Team of the Season: 2017–18
Wikimedia Commons has media related to Lukas Hradecky.
* Bayer Leverkusen official profile
* Lukáš Hrádecký – SPL competition record
* Lukáš Hrádecký – UEFA competition record (archive)
* Lukáš Hrádecký – FIFA competition record (archived)
* Lukáš Hrádecký at National-Football-Teams.com
* Lukáš Hrádecký at BDFutbol
* Lukáš Hrádecký at Soccerbase
* Lukáš Hrádecký at fussballdaten.de (in German) |
56096351_0 | 1879 Welsh Cup Final | The 1879 Welsh Cup Final, was the second in the competition. It was contested by Newtown White Star and Wrexham at the Cricket Field, Oswestry.
Route to the Final
Newtown White Star
Round Opposition Score Location
1st Aberystwyth (H) 4-1 Newtown
2nd Llangollen (A) 1-0 Llangollen
3rd Bangor (A) 2-2 Bangor
Bangor (H) 3-1 Newtown
SF Newtown (N) 1-1 Newtown
3-1
Newtown White Star, Welsh Cup winners 1878/79
Wrexham
Round Opposition Score Location
1st Corwen (A) 2-0 Corwen
2nd Friars School (A) 3-1 School Ground, Bangor
3rd Bye
SF Oswestry United 2-0 Salisbury Park, Wrexham
Final
29 March 1879
16:00
Newtown White Star 1 – 0 Wrexham
E Rees 60'
Cricket Field, Oswestry
Attendance: 2,500
Referee: A E Daniel (Birmingham)
Newtown White Star Wrexham
GK [England] George Montford GK [Wales] J. Davies
FB [Wales] James Davies FB [England] Charles Murless (c)
FB [Wales] T. Jones FB [Wales] T.W. Davies
HB [Wales] E.H. Morgan HB [Wales] F. Owen
HB [Wales] T. Pryce HB [Wales] Charles Edwards
RW [Wales] George Woosnam HB [Wales] Edwin Alfred Cross
RW [Wales] W. Andrew RW [Wales] Thomas Boden
LW [Wales] S. Davies RW [Wales] James Lloyd
LW [Wales] D. Rees LW [England] Henry Loxham
CF [Wales] E. Gittins (c) LW [Wales] E. Evans
CF [Wales] George Thomas CF [Wales] John Price
Assistant referees:
* Mr J.P. Davies (Corwen)
* Mr R. Hamer (Oswestry) |
31645702_0 | Ministry of infrastructure | Ministry of infrastructure (infrastructure ministry) is a primary unit of executive government that is responsible of public infrastructure, such as transport infrastructure.
In some countries there's a separate body responsible of transport infrastructure, Ministry of Transport.
Ministries of infrastructure
* Canada
+ Ministry of Infrastructure of Ontario and Ministry of Transportation of Ontario
* Poland
* Rwanda
* Slovenia
Departments of transportation
In North America the corresponding government body is called the Department of transportation.
* United States Department of Transportation
* Transport Canada |
14097780_0 | KMQA | KMQA (100.5 FM) is a radio station broadcasting a Regional Mexican format. The station is licensed to East Porterville, California, United States. KMQA's coverage area includes Bakersfield and Tulare. The station is owned by Lazer Broadcasting.
KKDD of San Bernardino, California had the callsign KMEN (1962-1997).
*
* KMQA in the FCC FM station database
* KMQA on Radio-Locator
* KMQA in Nielsen Audio's FM station database |
12464906_0 | 1946 Coupe de France Final | The 1946 Coupe de France Final was a football match held at Stade Olympique Yves-du-Manoir, Colombes on 26 May 1946, that saw Lille OSC defeat Red Star OA 4–2 thanks to goals by Bolek Tempowski, René Bihel and Roger Vandooren (2).
Match details
26 May 1946
Lille 4–2 Red Star
Tempowski 13' Moulet 24'
Bihel 24' Leduc 69'
Vandooren 51', 85'
Stade Olympique Yves-du-Manoir, Colombes
Attendance: 59,692
Referee: Mr. Virolle
GK [France] Georges Hatz GK [France] Robert Germain
DF [France] Joseph Jadrejak DF [France] Fernand Planques
DF [France] Marceau Sommerlynck DF Justo Nuevo
DF [France] François Bourbotte (c) DF [France] Paul Bersouillé (c)
DF [France] Jean-Marie Prevost DF [France] Roger Mindonnet
MF [France] Roger Carré MF [France] Lucien Leduc
MF [France] Roger Vandooren MF [France] Alfred Aston
FW [France] Jean Baratte FW [France] Ben Mohammed Kadmiri
FW [France] René Bihel FW [France][Hungary] André Simonyi
FW [France][Poland] Bolek Tempowski FW [France] René Lotzia
FW [France] Jean Lechantre FW [France] Albert Moulet
Manager: Manager:
[France] André Cheuva [France] Edmond Delfour
Assistant Referees:
Fourth Official:
* Coupe de France 1945-1946
* Coupe de France results at Rec.Sport.Soccer Statistics Foundation
* Report on French federation site |
48909312_0 | 1976 Bulgarian Cup Final | The 1976 Bulgarian Cup Final was the 36th final of the Bulgarian Cup (in this period the tournament was named Cup of the Soviet Army), and was contested between Levski Sofia and CSKA Sofia on 2 June 1976 at Vasil Levski National Stadium in Sofia. Levski won the final 4–3 after extra time.
Match
Details
2 June 1976
Levski Sofia 4−3 (a.e.t.) CSKA Sofia
Yordanov 18' Kolev 36'
Panov 21' Denev 40'
Tsvetkov 93', 100' Goranov 94'
Vasil Levski National Stadium, Sofia
Attendance: 65,000
Referee: Petar Nikolov (Sofia)
Levski CSKA |
48909312_1 | 1976 Bulgarian Cup Final | GK 1 [Bulgaria] Nikolay Iliev GK 1 [Bulgaria] Stoyan Yordanov
DF 2 [Bulgaria] Nikolay Grancharov DF 2 [Bulgaria] Borislav Sredkov
DF 3 [Bulgaria] Ivan Tishanski DF 3 [Bulgaria] Angel Rangelov
DF 4 [Bulgaria] Stefan Aladzhov DF 4 [Bulgaria] Tsonyo Vasilev
DF 5 [Bulgaria] Kiril Ivkov (c) DF 5 [Bulgaria] Bozhil Kolev (c)
MF 6 [Bulgaria] Ivan Stoyanov MF 6 [Bulgaria] Kiril Stankov
FW 7 [Bulgaria] Yordan Yordanov FW 7 [Bulgaria] Ivan Pritargov [downward-facing red arrow] 99'
MF 8 [Bulgaria] Stefan Pavlov [downward-facing red arrow] 96' MF 8 [Bulgaria] Milen Goranov
FW 9 [Bulgaria] Georgi Tsvetkov FW 9 [Bulgaria] Dimitar Dimitrov
FW 10 [Bulgaria] Pavel Panov MF 10 [Bulgaria] Georgi Denev
MF 11 [Bulgaria] Emil Spasov [downward-facing red arrow] 71' FW 11 [Bulgaria] Tsvetan Yonchev [downward-facing red arrow] 53'
Substitutes: Substitutes:
FW -- [Bulgaria] Voyn Voynov [upward-facing green arrow] 71' FW -- [Bulgaria] Dimitar Marashliev [upward-facing green arrow] 53'
DF -- [Bulgaria] Milko Gaydarski [upward-facing green arrow] 96' MF -- [Bulgaria] Plamen Markov [upward-facing green arrow] 99'
Manager: Manager:
[Bulgaria] Ivan Vutsov [Bulgaria] Sergi Yotsov
* 1975–76 A Group |
39837616_0 | Ottoman capture of Tabriz (1603) | Siege of Tabriz is a military conflict during the Safavid-Ottoman war of 1603-1618. As a result of a successful siege, Tabriz was returned to the Safavid Empire after 18 years of Ottoman possession.
Resumption of war
Although peace between the Safavid state and the Istanbul court signed in 1590 was secured, tensions persisted. In 1603, the Safavid state rebuilt its army through reforms while the Ottoman state was in crisis.
After the Peace of Istanbul, the Ottoman state experienced several uprisings and defeats on its western frontiers. The ever-increasing taxes and wars caused Jalali rebellions from 1599. During this period, the Safavid state not only restored its army, but also managed in 1598 to deliver a decisive blow to its eastern enemy - the Uzbek Khanate. It was already clear that the Ottoman state was next in line. Shah Abbas was waiting for a suitable moment.
Ottoman soldiers in Azerbaijan could not receive their salaries on time due to problems within the empire. Therefore, in protest, they began to plunder the surroundings. Ghazi Bey, the judge of Salmas, turned to Shah Abbas for help in one of these raids. In response, Shah Abbas sent him a sword and a belt along with the khan's title.
Zandzirkiran Ali Pasha, the governor of Tabriz, left a small garrison in Tabriz and marched against Gazi Bey, who had taken refuge in the fortress of Garniyaryk, in order to punish an act that he considered treason. The ottoman units in Nakhchivan also joined the movement. Although the fortress was captured, sazi Bey managed to escape and take refuge with Shah Abbas in Isfahan. After these incidents, Shah Abbas has realized that the time to recapture Tabriz had come, and on 15 August 1603, he began preparations for a campaign against Isfahan. One of his commanders, Allahverdi Khan, also ordered to go to Baghdad. Abbas I moved with his army on 14 September, and reached Kashan in the north on 17 September. In this way, he wanted to spread the image and rumor that the main goal of his campaign would be somewhere else. |
39837616_1 | Ottoman capture of Tabriz (1603) | When the governor of Ardabil, Zulfugar Khan, and the governor of Qazvin, Amirgun Khan, were ordered to join him with their troops, the Ottomans realized that Abbas I main goal was Tabriz. Taking Nahavand without resistance, Shah Abbas I and his army reached Tabriz on 26 September and began the siege.
Siege
Sources report that the city had a strong garrison of 5000 riflemen, about 200 defensive guns, and a food supply for 10 years. However, for a significant part of these militants outside Tabriz it was for them, participating in the movement, to punish Gazi Bey. The garrison in Tabriz was commanded by the son of Ali Pasha.
After Tabriz came under Ottoman occupation in 1585, it suffered severe damage and most of its population left the city. Over time, thanks to peaceful situation, part of the population returned, but the Azerbaijani Turks, those who form the basis of the local population, were forbidden to wear Shiite symbols and to perform rituals. Feeling the arrival of the Kyzylbash army, the locals began to wear traditional Kyzylbash headdresses. Sensing this change in the population, the Ottoman garrison left the city and took refuge in the fortress. However, the head of the garrison could not understand who besieged the city, and sent a message to his father, thinking that the besiegers were marauders.
Shah Abbas I firstly managed to introduce several militants from his units into the city. These warriors managed to quietly kill the guards. Meanwhile, another 500 warriors entered the city as merchants. After these soldiers opened the gates of the castle, where the guards were supposed to stand, 6000 selected soldiers attacked. Clashes between the two armies began inside the city.
Realizing that the fortress was besieged by the Safavid army, the commander sent information to his father Ali Pasha and asked for help. On 28 September 1603, Ali Pasha, having received the news that the Safavid army was in front of Tabriz, and returning from his campaign against the fortress of Karniyarik, faced the Safavid army of about 15000 people in the Azbant region near Sufiyan, northwest of Tabriz. The Ottoman army, which was small in number, suffered a major defeat in this battle. |
39837616_2 | Ottoman capture of Tabriz (1603) | With this victory, the Safavid army ended the hopes of the Ottoman army besieged in Tabriz. In order to break their resistance, the Safavid side offered them a double salary, and the number of those who accepted this offer increased every day. In the end, the Ottoman army surrendered on 21 October 1603.
Following events
Locals killed Ottoman soldiers to compensate the oppression during the occupation of 1585-1586. The liberation of the city of Tabriz, where the Safavid state founded its first capital, was greeted with great joy throughout the empire.
Along with the recapture of Tabriz, the most important city in the region, the Safavid state also liberated the Ordubad, Julfa, Maku, Salmas, Khoy, Maragin, Nakhchivan and Javanshir regions in a short time.
Both before and after the war, Shah Abbas pursued an active foreign policy in order to find allies against the Ottoman Empire. During his reign, a large delegation was sent to Europe twice.
Having recaptured Tabriz, on 15 November, he received George Tekthander, the ambassador of the Holy Roman Emperor Rudolf II, who had been at war with the Ottomans since 1593. The envoy presented to the tsar the letters of the emperor, written in Italian and Latin, as well as the letter of the Moscow prince. |
5047432_0 | The Darkside | Not to be confused with Darkside (band).
The Darkside (or Darkside) were an indie rock band formed in 1989 by former members of Spacemen 3. After releasing two studio albums they split up in 1993.
History
The band formed in Rugby in 1989 and was led by Pete Bain (aka Bassman), who had left Spacemen 3 just before their 1989 album Playing With Fire. Bain was then joined in the new outfit by his former bandmate, drummer Sterling Roswell (aka Rosco). Vocals were initially handled by Nick Hayden, but his departure forced Bain to assume that role.Beggars Banquet Records offshoot Situation Two throughout their existence.
Contrary to much of what is written about the band, Hayden has always claimed he was a founding member, once played with Spacemen 3 himself and wrote most of the band's early material (although credited to 'The Darkside' on record labels). Lead vocalist Hayden also played a guitar for the group.
The group debuted in April 1990 with the single "High Rise Love", which was followed by "Waiting for the Angels" and the album, All That Noise. With Rosco moving to keyboards, the group recruited Craig Wagstaff, whom they had known while in Spacemen 3.Psychedelicise Suburbia live album in 1991.EP "Always Pleasure" preceded second studio album Melomania, which was released in January 1992.Mayhem to Meditate. When Situation Two rejected the demos cut for a third LP, the band disintegrated.
Since the band's split, Bain has recorded several albums under the Alpha Stone name and guested on several of former bandmate Peter Kember's E.A.R albums. Rosco has issued the solo album Ubik under his assumed name Sterling Roswell.
In 2017, the group released the five-disc box set Complete Studio Masters featuring nearly the entirety of its discography remastered, excepting the songs from "High Rise Love." The box set included demo versions, live versions, and previously unreleased songs.
Discography
Albums
* "All That Noise" (1990), Situation Two
* "Psychedelicise Suburbia" (1991), Acid Ray
* "Melomania" (1992), Situation Two
EPs |
5047432_1 | The Darkside | EPs
* "High Rise Love EP" (1990), Situation Two
* "Loaded on Bliss EP" (1991), Munster Records
* "Mayhem to Meditate EP" (1992), Situation Two
* "Lunar Surf" (1993), Bomp!
Singles
* "Waiting for the Angels" (1991), Situation Two
* "Always Pleasure" (1991), Situation Two
* "Jukebox at Munsters" (1993), Munster Records
Box Sets
* "Complete Studio Masters" (2017), Acid Ray / Media Roscom Productions
* Erik Morse: Spacemen 3 & The Birth of Spiritualized (2004)
* MySpace fan site |
5335471_0 | Lamoille Vermont Senate District, 2002–2012 | The Lamoille Senate District is one of 13 Vermont Senate districts included in the redistricting and reapportionment plan developed by the Vermont General Assembly following the 2000 U.S. Census. The plan applies to legislatures elected in 2002, 2004, 2006, 2008, and 2010. A new plan will be developed in 2012 following the 2010 U.S. Census.
The Lamoille District includes all of Lamoille County except the towns of Eden and Wolcott which are in the Essex-Orleans district.
As of the 2000 census, the state as a whole had a population of 608,827. As there are a total of 30 Senators, there were 20,294 residents per senator. The Lamoille District had a population of 20,625 in that same census. The district is apportioned one senator. The district's 20,625 residents per senator is 1.63% above the state average.
District Senator
(As of 2017)
* Richard Westman, Republican
Towns and cities in the Lamoille District
Lamoille County
* Belvidere
* Cambridge
* Elmore
* Hyde Park
* Johnson
* Morristown
* Stowe
* Waterville
* Members of the Vermont Senate, 2005-2006 session
* Vermont Senate Districts, 2002-2012
* Map of Vermont Senate districts and statistics (PDF)
* Vermont Act 151 (2002), which created the districts. Note comprehensive act, redistricting section begins on page 67. (PDF)
Coordinates: 44°38′N 72°41′W / 44.64°N 72.68°W |
14949897_0 | Marion, Illinois tornado outbreak | The Marion, Illinois tornado outbreak was a small, severe tornado outbreak that affected southern portions of the Midwestern United States on May 29, 1982.
Tornadoes touched down in the states of Illinois, Missouri, and Indiana, with Marion, Illinois, being the hardest hit. Ten fatalities occurred there after the town took a direct hit from an F4 tornado.Conant, Illinois, area and several weaker tornadoes in the surrounding area.
Meteorological synopsis
Radar loop of the storm that produced the Marion, Illinois, tornado.
On the 12:00 UTC surface chart, a cold front was draped from Minnesota southwest across Iowa, Kansas, Oklahoma, and into Texas. A triple point was found just south of Des Moines, Iowa, with a warm front positioned east across northern Illinois and Indiana. Morning dew points ranged from 65 °F (18 °C) at Saint Louis, Missouri, and Louisville, Kentucky, to 72 °F (22 °C) at Memphis, Tennessee. 70 °F (21 °C) or 71 °F (22 °C) dew points were found in Fort Smith, Arkansas, Springfield and Cape Girardeau, Missouri, and Fort Campbell, Kentucky. An outflow boundary was draped over Central Illinois and Missouri from overnight convection that was decaying as it tracked east across the two states.Carbondale, Illinois, and Marion had risen to the middle and upper 80s°F with dew points near 70 °F (21 °C). p.m., a tornado watch was issued for the region. Later in the afternoon the National Weather Service in Saint Louis, Missouri, issued several severe weather warnings for Williamson County and surrounding counties. At 2:58 p.m. a severe thunderstorm warning was issued for Jackson County and Williamson County. At 3:00 p.m, a tornado was observed near Carterville, Illinois, prompting a tornado warning at 3:19 p.m.
Confirmed tornadoes
Satellite photo of the clouds that produced the storm.
Confirmed tornadoes by Fujita rating
FU F0 F1 F2 F3 F4 F5 Total
0 2 3 0 1 1 0 7 |
14949897_1 | Marion, Illinois tornado outbreak | List of confirmed tornadoes – Saturday, May 29, 1982
F# Location County / Parish State Start Coord. Time (CST) Path length Max width Summary
F1 SE of Columbia Boone MO 38°50′N 92°11′W / 38.83°N 92.18°W 03:00 0.06 miles (0.097 km) 20 yards (18 m) A brief tornado destroyed a shed.
F1 Caesarscreek Township Greene OH 39°37′N 84°04′W / 39.62°N 84.07°W 12:30 0.25 miles (0.40 km) 50 yards (46 m) A small, brief tornado heavily damaged or destroyed several farm buildings.
F3 N of Percy to WNW of Conant Randolph, Perry IL 38°02′N 89°40′W / 38.03°N 89.67°W 13:05–13:20 10 miles (16 km) 200 yards (180 m) A house and a power station were damaged near Percy. Four homes were destroyed and five were damaged in Conant. Seven people were injured. Damage was estimated at $300,000.
F4 NW of Carterville to E of Marion Williamson IL 37°43′N 89°08′W / 37.72°N 89.13°W 14:05–14:32 17 miles (27 km) 400 yards (370 m) 10 deaths – See section on this tornado – 181 people were injured.
F0 SE of Harrisburg Saline IL 37°42′N 88°29′W / 37.70°N 88.48°W 15:26 unknown unknown A "spot touchdown" damaged a barn and several trees.
F0 NE of Carrier Mills Saline IL 37°43′N 88°40′W / 37.72°N 88.67°W 15:46 unknown unknown Power lines were downed. No path was observed.
F1 Princeton Gibson IN 38°21′N 87°34′W / 38.35°N 87.57°W 16:10 unknown unknown A service station was destroyed.
Marion, Illinois |
14949897_2 | Marion, Illinois tornado outbreak | Marion, Illinois
The Marion tornado touched down near Carteville, at 3:00 p.m. resulting in damage to a subdivision near John A. Logan College. It then tracked into downtown Carterville then tracked southeast into Crainville, Illinois, after which it caused moderate damage to the area surrounding Williamson County Regional Airport. p.m. the tornado either formed a new funnel or changed course as it tracked into the west side of Marion along Illinois Route 13, causing extensive damage throughout the city. During this time the tornado was observed have a multiple-vortex structure with up to three subvortices swirling around the main tornado.Interstate 57, causing it to explode. p.m. the tornado had exited the city and dissipated near Illinois Route 166. The tornado had destroyed the Shawnee Village Apartment Complex and severely damaged three shopping centers. It heavily damaged the area surrounding the Interstate 57 and Illinois Route 13 interchange including the Marion Ford dealership, and also damaged two schools, 648 homes, and 52 businesses.
* List of North American tornadoes and tornado outbreaks
* "NOAA/NWS 1982 Williamson County / Marion, IL F4 Tornado Web Site". West Paducah, Kentucky: National Weather Service Paducah, KY Weather Forecast Office. May 27, 2012. Archived from the original on October 16, 2012
Wikimedia Commons has media related to Marion, Illinois tornado outbreak.
Coordinates: 37°44′N 88°56′W / 37.733°N 88.933°W |
72656143_0 | 1920 Abilene Christian Wildcats football team | The 1920 Abilene Christian Wildcats football team was an American football team that represented Abilene Christian College—now known as Abilene Christian University–as an independent during the 1920 college football season. Led by Sewell Jones in his first and only season as head coach, the team compiled a record of 4–0–1. Abilene Christian's 81–0 win over Daniel Baker is the biggest margin of victory and third most points scored in a single game in program history.
Schedule
Date Opponent Site Result
October 16 Clarendon Abilene, TX W 29–7
October 25 Tarleton Agricultural College Abilene, TX T 0–0
October 30 at Howard Payne Brownwood, TX W 7–3
November 18 at Tarleton Agricultural College Stephenville, TX W 13–0
November 25 Daniel Baker Abilene, TX W 81–0 |
30990178_0 | National Cyber Security Alliance | The National Cyber Security Alliance (NCA),Cyber security and Infrastructure Security Agency within the U.S. Department of Homeland Security.
NCA's core efforts include Cyber Security Awareness Month
Cybersecurity Awareness Month was launched by the NCA and the U.S. Department of Homeland Security (DHS) in October 2004 to raise public knowledge of best cyber practices among Americans. When Cybersecurity Awareness Month first began, the focus was on simple precautions such as keeping antivirus software up to date. The month has expanded in reach and involvement. Operated in many respects as a grassroots campaign, the month's effort has grown to include the participation of a multitude of industry participants that engage their customers, employees, and the general public in awareness, as well as college campuses, non-profits and other groups.
In 2009, DHS Secretary Janet Napolitano launched the National Cyber Security Alliance (NCSA) and the U.S. Department of Homeland Security (DHS) Cybersecurity Awareness Month in Washington, D.C., becoming the highest-ranking government official to participate in the month's activities. Today, leading administration officials from DHS, the White House and other agencies regularly participate in NCSA events across the United States. |
72804432_0 | Kaleköy, Nizip | Kaleköy is a village in the Nizip District, Gaziantep Province, Turkey.Barak tribe. |
12439278_0 | 1947 Coupe de France Final | The 1947 Coupe de France Final was a football match held at Stade Olympique Yves-du-Manoir, Colombes on May 11, 1947, that saw Lille OSC defeat RC Strasbourg 2–0 thanks to a goal by Roger Vandooren and an own goal of Joseph Lang.
Match details
11 May 1947
Lille 2–0 Strasbourg
Vandooren 1'
Lang 66'
Stade Olympique Yves-du-Manoir, Colombes
Attendance: 59,852
Referee: Léon Boes
GK [France] Robert Germain GK [France] Marcel Lergenmuller
DF [France] Joseph Jadrejak DF [France][Spain] Segundo Pascual
DF [France] Marceau Sommerlynck DF [France] Gabriel Braun
DF [France] Albert Dubreucq DF [France] Charles Heine
DF [France] Jean-Marie Prevost DF [France][Spain] Francisco Mateo "Paco"
MF [France] Jules Bigot (c) MF [France] Joseph Lang
MF [France] Roger Vandooren MF [France] Joseph Heckel
FW [France][Poland] Bolek Tempowski FW [France] Oscar Heisserer (c)
FW [France] Jean Baratte FW [France] Frédéric Woehl
FW [France] Roger Carré FW [Soviet Union] Alexandre Vanags
FW [France] Jean Lechantre FW [France] Alphonse Rolland
Manager: Manager:
[France] André Cheuva [France] Émile Veinante
Assistant Referees:
Fourth Official:
* Coupe de France 1946-1947
* Coupe de France results at Rec.Sport.Soccer Statistics Foundation
* Report on French federation site
* Video at INA |
48866196_0 | 1977 Bulgarian Cup Final | The 1977 Bulgarian Cup Final was the 37th final of the Bulgarian Cup (in this period the tournament was named Cup of the Soviet Army), and was contested between Levski Sofia and Lokomotiv Sofia on 12 June 1977 at Vasil Levski National Stadium in Sofia.
Match
Details
12 June 1977
Levski Sofia 2−1 Lokomotiv Sofia
Voynov 15' Zdravkov 76'
Yordanov 51'
Vasil Levski National Stadium, Sofia
Attendance: 45,000
Referee: Atanas Mateev (Varna)
Levski Lokomotiv
GK 1 [Bulgaria] Stefan Staykov GK 1 [Bulgaria] Rumyancho Goranov
DF 2 [Bulgaria] Nikolay Grancharov DF 2 [Bulgaria] Vasko Nedelchev
DF 3 [Bulgaria] Ivan Tishanski DF 3 [Bulgaria] Borislav Dimitrov
DF 4 [Bulgaria] Kiril Ivkov (c) DF 4 [Bulgaria] Georgi Bonev
MF 5 [Bulgaria] Stefan Pavlov DF 5 [Bulgaria] Yordan Stoykov
MF 6 [Bulgaria] Todor Barzov MF 6 [Bulgaria] Ventsislav Arsov
FW 7 [Bulgaria] Voyn Voynov MF 7 [Bulgaria] Radoslav Zdravkov
FW 8 [Bulgaria] Yordan Yordanov MF 8 [Bulgaria] Angel Kolev
FW 9 [Bulgaria] Kiril Milanov [downward-facing red arrow] 84' FW 9 [Bulgaria] Boycho Velichkov
FW 10 [Bulgaria] Pavel Panov FW 10 [Bulgaria] Atanas Mihaylov (c)
MF 11 [Bulgaria] Krasimir Borisov FW 11 [Bulgaria] Lyuben Traykov
Substitutes: Substitutes:
FW -- [Bulgaria] Georgi Tsvetkov [upward-facing green arrow] 84' Manager:
Manager: [Bulgaria] Apostol Chachevski
[Bulgaria] Vasil Spasov
* 1976–77 A Group |
45361516_0 | Ottoman army in the 15th–19th centuries | Part of a series on the
Military of the
Ottoman Empire
[Coat of Arms of the Ottoman Empire]
Classical army (1451–1826)
Kapıkulu (Janissaries · Six Divisions of Cavalry) · Sipahi · Voynuks Yamaks · Dervendjis · Sekban · Seymen · Seimeni · Akinji · Azap · Levend · Timariots · Yaya · Humbaracı · Bashi-bazouk · Deli · Martolos
Reform period
Nizam-i Djedid · Sekban-i Djedid · Auspicious Incident · Mansure Army · Hamidieh
Modern army (1861–1922)
Modern Army
Navy
Imperial Arsenal · Ships · Kapudan Pashas · Naval battles
Aviation
Vecihi Hürkuş Ahmet Ali Çelikten
Conflicts
* European (Byzantine · Bulgarian · Serbian · Moldavian · Hungarian · Venetian · Albanian · Croatian · Polish · Portuguese · Habsburg · Russian)
* Near East (Persian)
* Asia
* Africa
* Indian Ocean
* Sieges and landings
* Rebellions
Conscription
* v
* t
* e
The Ottoman army was the military structure established by Mehmed II, during his reorganization of the state and the military. This was the major reorganization following Orhan's standing army of janissaries that were paid by salary rather than booty or fiefs. This army was the force during the rise of the Ottoman Empire. The organization was twofold, central (Kapıkulu) and peripheral (Eyalet). This army was forced to disband by Sultan Mahmud II on 15 June 1826 in what is known as Auspicious Incident, which followed a century-long reform effort.
The Ottomans were one of the first states to maintain a standing army in Europe since the Roman Empire. The force originated in the 14th century.
Units
Infantry
Janissaries |
45361516_1 | Ottoman army in the 15th–19th centuries | Units
Infantry
Janissaries
The Janissaries were elite infantry units created by Sultan Murad I. They formed the Ottoman Sultan's household troops and bodyguards and became a famed force in 1383. They began as an elite corps of Slavs, Bulgarian and other Christian ethnic boys, recruited through councillors who went to poor Christian villages to propose a plan to bring up the children as soldiers for free. For this reason, many families quickly sent their children to be a Janissary. By 1620 they were hereditary and corrupt and an impediment to reform.
For all practical purposes, Janissaries belonged to the Sultan, carrying the title kapıkulu (Subject of the gate) indicating their collective bond with the Sultan. Janissaries were taught to consider the corps as their home and family, and the Sultan as their de facto father. The janissary corps was significant in a number of ways. The janissaries wore uniforms, were paid in cash as regular soldiers, and marched to distinctive music, by the mehter.
Yaya
The history of Yaya goes to the early Ottoman military forces consisted of irregular nomadic cavalry and volunteer light infantry. These units were efficient against local Byzantine feudal lords but were unable to capture fortified castles by direct assault. Established by Sultan Orhan during Alaeddin Pasha's reorganization the military in the mid 1320s.
Yaya, and Musellem over time they lost their original martial qualities
Infantry
Janissary (1805)
Agha of the Janissaries (18th century)
Janissary (16th century)
Agha of the Janissaries (16th century)
Janissary officer with the rank of pasha (16th century)
Cavalry
The Six Divisions of Cavalry, also known as the Kapıkulu Süvarileri ("Household Cavalry of Gate Slaves"), was a corps of elite cavalry soldiers in the army of the Ottoman Empire. There were not really six, but four, divisions in the corps. Two of the six were sub-divisions.
Silahdars
The Silahdars (From Persian, translated roughly as "men at arms") were a bodyguard division for the Sultan, under the command of the Silahdar Agha. |
45361516_2 | Ottoman army in the 15th–19th centuries | Silahdars were chosen from the best warriors. Any Ottoman soldier who committed a significant deed on the battlefield could be promoted to the Silahdar division, although normally members of other mounted units, like Timarli Sipahis or one of the other less prestigious of the four divisions of Kapikulu Sipahis, were promoted this way. Infantry soldiers had to enlist as serdengecti (literally means giver of his head) and survive suicide missions to join the Silahdar division. If a janissary ever became a silahdar, other members of the division with cavalry backgrounds despised him and former comrade janissaries considered him a traitor, but because the position and wealth of a silahdar was so attractive, janissaries and other soldiers still enlisted for suicide missions.
Sipahi
(Persian: "soldier") Sipahi refers to all freeborn European heavy cavalry other than akıncıs and tribal horsemen in the Ottoman army. The word was used almost synonymously with cavalry.
Akıncı
Akıncı were irregular light cavalry, scout divisions and advance troops. They were one of the first divisions to face the opposing military and were known for their prowess in battle. Unpaid they lived and operated as raiders on the frontiers of the Ottoman Empire, subsisting totally on plunder.
The Akıncıs continued to serve until 1595 when after a major rout in Wallachia they were dissolved by Grand Vezir Koca Sinan Paşa.
Cavalry
Sipahi
Sipahi
Silahdar
Silahdar Agha
Artillery
In this section The Artillery corps (Topçu Ocağı: literally the Hearth of Artillerymen) The Armorer Corps (Cebeci Ocağı: literally the Hearth of Armourers) The Artillery wagoners (Top Arabacıları Ocağı: literally the Hearth of Artillery wagoners) The Bombardiers (Humbaracı Ocağı: literally the Hearth of Bombardiers) The Miners (Lağımcı Ocağı: literally the Hearth of Miners)
Topçu |
45361516_3 | Ottoman army in the 15th–19th centuries | Topçu
The Topçu Ocağı (Artillery corps) was responsible for the use of artillery pieces. It is not clear when artillery was first used by the Ottoman Army. Although some argue that the Ottomans used cannons in the Battles of Kosovo (1389) and Nukap (1396), it is certain that artillery was routinely used by the 1420s.Battle of Varna (1444) and more certainly used in the Second Battle of Kosovo (1448).tayfa-i efreciye. In the siege of Baghdad where the Ottomans retook the city from the Persians (1638), gunners of European descent served on the lines.
Cebeci
Exact foundation date of the Cebeci is not known, but it was in the 15th century.Cebecibaşı. The unit was small and selected, numbering no more than 625 men in 1574.cephane).
Humbaracı
Main article: Humbaracı
The Humbaracı Ocağı (Bombardiers) were in charge of manufacturing, transporting, and using cannons (humbara). Humbaraci Corps arose in the 16th century after an artillery commander Mustafa had cast the first bronze cannon. In the 18th century they became the most disciplined unit of the Ottoman Army. In 1826 during the Auspicious Incident Humbaracis supported the government.
Artillery
Topçu, 1551
Topçu
Cebeci
All Artillery branches
Non-Combatant
The Ottoman armies were distinguished from their contemporaries in the West not by numerical predominance of its military forces but by the thoroughness of the administrative backup and general support that maintained them in the field.cebeci corps carried and distributed weapons and ammunition. The janissary corps had its own internal medical auxiliaries: Muslim and Jewish surgeons who would travel with the corps during campaigns and had organized methods of moving the wounded and the sick to traveling hospitals behind the lines.
Military band
Ottoman military bands are thought to be the oldest variety of military marching band in the world. Though they are often known by the Persian-derived word mehter in the West, that word, properly speaking, refers only to a single musician in the band.
Paramilitary units |
45361516_4 | Ottoman army in the 15th–19th centuries | Paramilitary units
Ottomans have forces organized as a group supplementing but not directly incorporated in a regular military.
Derbendjis
Dervendjis were the most important and largest Ottoman military auxiliary constabulary units usually responsible for guarding important roads, bridges, fords or mountain passes. Usually, the population of an entire village near some important pass would be assigned with derbendci status in exchange for tax exemptions. By rehabilitating the Derbendcis, the Ottomans released conventional military units from routine internal duties, such as guarding and repairing roads, bridges.
Non-Combatant
Military band, Mehter
Kitchen, carrying kazan.
Kitchen, Head Chef
Organization
The units were organized in twofold system. The Sultan's units that is called Kapi Kulu and provincial units.
Kapi Kulu (Sultan's)
The title "kapikulu" (Subject of the gate) indicating their collective bond with the Sultan.
Kapikulu was commanded and paid by some important land-holders who gained power and became a sort of noble class. The mercenaries became a tool for their rise to predominance over the sultan, who simply could not afford to hire so many mercenaries that they would outnumber his nobles'. Therefore, in the middle of the 14th century, Murad I built his own personal slave army called the kapikulu. The new force was based on the sultan's right to a fifth of the war booty, which he interpreted to include captives taken in battle. The captive slaves were converted to Islam and trained in the sultan's personal service.
Kapi Kulu Units are : Infantry (Janissary, Yaya) Cavalry (Silahtar, Sipahi) Artillery (Topçu, Cebeci, Humbaracı) Non-Combatant (Military band)
Kazasker |
45361516_5 | Ottoman army in the 15th–19th centuries | Kazasker
A kazasker was a chief judge over the cases involving soldiers. Two kazaskers were appointed. They were named based on the region of their jurisdiction. They were called Rumeli Kazaskeri and Anadolu Kazaskeri. They were subordinated to the Şeyhülislam. The capital Istanbul did not have any kazasker. Kazaskers attended the meetings at the Imperial Council.
Kapi Kulu
Kazasker
Palace security.
Provincial (Eyalet)
Through the timariot system (see conscription) Empire had "timariot Sipahi" throughout the Empire.
Provincial units are: Timariot Sipahi, Akıncı, Derbendcis
Symbols
Flags
Military flags occupied an important position. Ottoman flags separated by divisions (such as types of fields—tripes, quarters, etc.), colors and charges (emblems, inscriptions, lettering), and the colors of charges and their propositions. There were many Ottoman flags, each with specific meaning. Contrary to Latin script, Ottoman flags (in Arabic script inscriptions are always read from right to left), are described from the opposite point of view — that is, with the flag fluttering to the left. Ottoman flags come in various shapes and are of different proportions, however they are predominantly rectangular and in some triangular.
Flags exhibited a determined state ideology to Ottomans.
As the flags were/are part of signaling system, it is important to analyze every part. The nomadic Mongols, close neighbors of the Turkish tribes, had from antiquity used totemic standards that were a kind of metal, wood, and animal hair, which Ottoman military continued on their flag pools (tug).
In the Ottoman military the loss of military signs (flags, etc.) in battle was considered a disaster. Some of the signs (flags) were deliberately thrown off into the enemy's direction which signaled for attack and/or recapture.
The hierarchy |
45361516_6 | Ottoman army in the 15th–19th centuries | The hierarchy
Military flags were not all equal. There was an order of importance. Every larger detachment of the army was honored with a flag (sancak). Smaller units had banners called bayrak, with various emblems used mainly as recognition signals. In battle they were carried in the front lines. During rest trusted into the ground placed front of the tent or on top.
Sancak-I Serif
The Sacred Standard of Muhammad (Sancak-ı Şerif, literally translates as the Noble Banner) is said to be the banner of Muhammad himself or at least to originate from his era. The banner was first used in a battle against the Austrian Habsburgs in 1593 and again for a war in Hungary in 1594. After Mehmed III took the banner and won the Siege of Eger in 1596, the banner became a victory symbol for the Ottoman forces.
The deceleration of war included the Sancak-i Serif. Sancak-i Serif is used as a gathering point for the military units. The banner was occasionally carried into battles to encourage troops and ensure victory. The banner would be taken out of its box by the Sultan and affixed to a staff. He would carry it from the Chamber of the Holy Relics to the Throne Room while officials called out “God is great”. After this, the banner was carried from the Throne Room to the Gate of Felicity and placed there. The grand vizier would receive the banner from the sultan in a ceremony in the Throne Room. While the grand vizier and the şeyhülislâm stood in attendance, the sultan would kiss the Holy Banner and entrust it to his grand vizier with the words: “I entrust the Sacred Standard to you and you to God. May He be your helper (a better translation: “May He become your Defender and Supporter”
Sultan's Flag |
45361516_7 | Ottoman army in the 15th–19th centuries | Sultan's Flag
Sultan's Flag is second in the hierarchy. Sultan flags were private to Sultan and were ranked according to their owners’ names, titles, and authority. Their Turkish names were Alem-i padisahi (Padisah's standard), alem-i Osmani (Ottoman standard), or liwãj-i Sultani (sultan's standard). Seven such flags attributed to the Sultan, which this number corresponded to the number of iklims (climates or spheres of the earth) that were to be subdued by the victorious armies of Islam.
Sanjaks of Pashas
These are flags of the high-ranking officials and dignitaries. Viziers, beylerbeys, and sancakbeys. They were partially imitation of the flag of the Sultan, as a sign to be part of the Sultan's people. Grand Vizers used green, lower Viziers crimson, and Beylerbeys used red in their flag.”
Tactical Flags
These were in many, but not lasted to our time. There are multiple of them, up to 162 count of signals. We know that right wing of the army marked with red banners and left wing with yellow. We also know that they are tactical importance to hide the exact number of soldiers.
Cavalry, infantry, and artillery had their own flags.
Hierarchy of Flags from the Costume Book by Lambert de Vos, 1574
Sultan's Flags
Sanjaks of Pashas
Right wing units (costume, tugh define the province)
Right wing units (costume, tugh define the province)
Tactical Flag (banner)
This were symbol of military junta of Ottoman Empire to kill Mehmed VI.
Tugh
The Ottoman armies used the horse-tail standard or tugh rather than flags.
Personnel
Recruitment
See also: Conscription in the Ottoman Empire
Sipahis at the Battle of Vienna in 1683
Akinjis in Central Hungary, 16th century
Siege of Belgrade, 1456, Ottoman miniature.
Devshirme |
45361516_8 | Ottoman army in the 15th–19th centuries | Devshirme
In order to man the force, Murad II developed the devşirme system of recruiting youths in the form of taxes from Christians in the empire. Murad used the strength of the kapikulus and played them off against the nobility, forcing them to pay taxes or land so that the treasury could obtain the money it needed to maintain the Kapikulu army. The janissaries comprised infantry units that formed the Ottoman sultan's household troops and bodyguard. The first janissary units comprised war captives and slaves. After the 1380s Sultan Mehmed I filled their ranks with the results of taxation in human form called devshirme: the Sultan's men conscripted a number of non-Muslim, usually Christian, boys – at first at random, later, by strict selection – to be trained. Initially they favored Greeks, Albanians (who also supplied many gendarmes), usually selecting about one in five boys of ages seven to fourteen but the numbers could be changed to correspond with the need for soldiers. Next the devshirme was extended to also include Serbs, Bosnians and other Balkan countries, later especially Ukraine and southern Russia.
The Janissaries started accepting enrollment from outside the devshirme system first during the reign of Sultan Murad III and completely stopped enrolling devshirme in the 17th century. After this period, volunteers were enrolled.
Timar
A timariot or 'Timarli Sipahi' served the Empire and in return was granted a fief called a timar. The timariots had to assemble with the army when at war, and had to take care of the land entrusted to him in times of peace. When at war, the timariot had to bring his own equipment and in addition a number of armed retainers (cebelu).
Azap |
45361516_9 | Ottoman army in the 15th–19th centuries | Azap
Apart from the janissaries, in 1389 the Ottoman army introduced a system of conscription: when needed, every town and village were obliged to provide a fully equipped conscript at the recruiting office created by the order of the Sultan. This new force of irregular infantrymen was called the azabs and they were used in many ways: to build roads and bridges for the army, to support the supplies for the front-line, and sometimes they were even used as cannon fodder to slow down enemy advance. The Başıbozuk, who were also called Delibaş ("crazy head"), were a branch of the azabs and were especially recruited among the homeless and criminals. They were fierce, undisciplined, and specialized in close combat.
During the last quarter of the 16th century, the Azabs disappeared from the Ottoman documentary record.
Sekban
The Ottomans increased the use of Sekban (temporary infantry recruits) soldiers in the 17th century. They had a wartime strength of between 4,000 and 10,000 men.
Ranks
There were two levels of grouping, these were regiment and
* Çorbacı was a commander of an "orta" (Regiment), approximately corresponding to the rank of colonel.
* Boluk-bashi was a commander of a "bölük" (Company), equivalent with the rank of captain.
As a term Aghas were used for all level of commanders and all branches. It corresponds to a modern definition of an officer, which is a member of an armed force or uniformed service who holds a position of authority. This is like "azap agha" for the commanders of azaps, "besli agha" for the commanders of besli, "janissary agha" for the commanders of janissary. This is also true for instance the "bölük agha", and the "ocak agha", the commanders of a "bölük" and an "ocak" (troops) respectively.
Explicit Exact Western Equivalent
Sultan Commander-in-Chief
Grand Vizier Marshal
Pasha (Brigadier - General)
Agha Çorbacı Colonel
Boluk-bashi Captain
Nefer Private
Training |
45361516_10 | Ottoman army in the 15th–19th centuries | Training
Acemi (rookie) boys would be gathered to be trained in Enderun "acemi oğlan" school at the capital city. At the school, young cadets would be selected for their talents in different areas to train as engineers, artisans, riflemen, clerics, archers, artillery, etc.
Military production
Tophane-i Amire
Sultan Mehmed II erected many cannon-foundries in Istanbul, the most famous of which is the Tophane foundry which produced bronze cannons for siege warfare. It made large bombards which had a diameter of 60 to 100 cm and in 1562 alone it cast a total of 1012 guns weighing all together 481 tonnes.
The ammunition used by the bronze bombards were stone balls, 1 meter in diameter and weighed 400 kg. The transportation of just two bombards proved to be a logistically challenging task. They were dragged to the Fall of Constantinople by 70 oxen and 1000 men. The casting of these bombards are described by Kritoboulos 1467. He describes the clay mould and the core which was strengthened by iron, wood, earth and stone. 45 tonnes of copper and tin are said to be placed in two furnaces constructed out of large stone blocks, laid with cement and covered by fire bricks and smeared in clay. Logs of wood along with charcoal are placed inside the furnace and all the holes except the tapping channels are closed. Then bellows are put to work until the metal inside is in a fluid state. The liquid bronze is then poured into the clay mould where it is then chiseled and polished.
Tersâne-i Âmire |
45361516_11 | Ottoman army in the 15th–19th centuries | Tersâne-i Âmire
Tersâne-i Âmire was the Imperial shipyard, on the Golden Horn. The shipyard was founded on the Golden Horn in 1453, after the Ottoman conquest of Constantinople, and initially called the Galata Shipyard. In the 16th century it became known as the Tersâne-i Âmire and was greatly expanded, with 140 docks and a perimeter wall to keep prying eyes away from naval secrets; it took over from the main shipyard at Gallipoli. From this time on, the Tersâne-i Âmire was at the heart of shipbuilding and naval governance in the Ottoman Empire.Battle of Lepanto in 1571; in 1601 the shipyard had 3524 employees but this steadily fell to 726 in 1700; during this period an increasing amount of work was done by other shipyards. By the reign of Abdulmejid I (r. 1839–1861), the Tersane-i Amire had fallen into neglect and underinvestment; Abdülmecid started a massive investment programme which modernised not just the Tersane-i Amire but also shipyards in Izmit and Gemlik.
Military production
Tophane, 1890s.
Tophane, 1890s.
Equipment
Weapons
The weapons of the army.
Weapons
Arms
Arms
Arms
Body Armor
Artillery
One of the greatest advancements in Ottoman fire arms came in the reign of Beyazid II who improved the design of field artillery pieces and many other firearms ranging from muskets to ‘tufeks’. To add to this the 16th century brought the latest technical advancements in gun making to the Ottomans; in the form of Jews fleeing from the Spanish Inquisition. |
45361516_12 | Ottoman army in the 15th–19th centuries | Ottoman artillery was famous for the size of its cannon, and their number; from the highly mobile anti-personnel Abus gun to the massive Great Turkish Bombard. These bombards were a product of specialised study in the production of 'giant guns' known literally as castle smashers 'kale-kob'. Although such weapons being primarily used in sieges; where they were cast on site due to the logistical difficulties attributed to transport them there, they were used as late as 1809 massive stone-firing guns were used with some effect against British ships during the Dardanelles Operation, throwing 1000-pound marble with a range of 1 mile. Accuracy was achieved by using wadded shots wrapped in sheepskin with ready-measured stacks of powder. Unlike the European powder, the Ottoman powder is thought to be better for upon firing; it produced white smoke rather than black smoke.
The most famous battle in which these bronze 'bombards' were used is at the siege of Constantinople in 1453. The bombards weighed 19 tons, took 200 men and sixty oxen to emplace, and could fire just seven times a day. The Fall of Constantinople was perhaps "the first event of supreme importance whose result was determined by the use of artillery", when the huge bronze cannons of Mehmed II breached the city's walls, ending the Byzantine Empire, according to Sir Charles Oman. |
45361516_13 | Ottoman army in the 15th–19th centuries | The most commonly used gun is known as a battering gun (darbzen). This gun fired 0.15–2.5 kg shots in weight. These guns were used more in fortresses as the emphasis was given to small to medium-calibre guns. Small-calibre bronze pieces were also used on galleons and river boats; they weighed between 3.7 and 8.6 kg. However, most riverboats had an armoury of cast-iron guns which fired 500 g shots; on average they weighed between 20 and 40 kg. The ‘balyemez’ was a medium-weight, long-range cannon which fired shots weighing 31–74 kg. ‘Şahalaz’ was light cannon, mainly used on riverboats, and was a cast-iron cannon firing 500 g shots. ‘Şayha’ was a gun of various sizes used predominantly on riverboats mainly in the Danube. It weighed between 31 and 74 kg. The 16th and 17th centuries gave rise to other types of cannons which the Ottomans used, such as the‘Saçma topu’ (grapeshot) and the ‘Ağaç topu’ (petard).
Tents
Tents
Military City
Grand Vizier's
Styles
Very early 18th.
Strength
17th Century
A typical Ottoman army in 17th century might be composed of 50,000 timariots and 20,000 kapikulu.
Special: Artillery
Although the payroll registry records were not good at keeping up with the number of gunners because the comrades of those deceased collected the money on their behalf, the table below gives us a clear view of the trends.
The Size of the Ottoman Artillery Corps 1514-1769
Date 1514 1527 1567 1574 1598 1609 1660 1669 1687 1699 1702 1739 1769
Topcu 348 695 1204 1099 2827 1552 2026 2793 4949 4604 1269 7279 1351
Top Arabacıları 372 943 678 400 700 684 282 432 670 1074 470 2274 180
Cebeci 451 524 789 625 3000 5730 4180 4789 3503 9629 2462 9877 3691
Total 1171 2162 2671 2124 6527 7960 6488 8014 9122 15307 4201 19430 5222 |
45361516_14 | Ottoman army in the 15th–19th centuries | * Uzunçarşılı, İsmail Hakkı (1988). Osmanlı Devleti Teşkilatından Kapıkulu Ocakları: Acemi Ocağı ve Yeniçeri Ocağı. Ankara: Türk Tarih Kurumu. ISBN 975-16-0056-1.
* Zygulski, Zdzislaw (1991). Ottoman Art in the Service of Empire. NYU. ISBN 0814796710.
* Fanny Davis. Palace of Topkapi in Istanbul. 1970. ASIN B000NP64Z2
* Mantran, Robert (1998). La vita quotidiana a Constantinopoli ai tempi di Solimano il Magnifico e dei suoi successori (XVI e XVII secolo) (in Italian) (3 ed.). Milan: Rizzoli. |
47135615_0 | List of Big Bang solo concert tours | Big Bang members have all released solo material since their debut album Bigbang Vol. 1, which included solo songs from each member. Four members: G-Dragon, Taeyang, Daesung, and Seungri have held solo concert tours. In 2008, Taeyang became the first member to hold a solo concert in support of his debut EP, Hot. In 2009, G-Dragon held his first concert, Shine a Light, in support of his debut album Heartbreaker. In 2010, Taeyang held his second concert in support of his first studio album Solar.
In March 2013, Daesung embarked on his debut concert tour in support of his debut Japanese-language album D'scover, while G-Dragon began his first world tour, The One of a Kind World Tour, which visited nine countries across Asia. From 2014 to 2015, Daesung and Taeyang both embarked on concert tours in support of their respective albums. Daesung's D'slove Tour visited eight cities in Japan while Taeyang's Rise World Tour visited nine Asian countries. In 2017, all three members embarked on solo tours after the success of Big Bang's third studio album Made and its tour of the same name. Daesung held his first Japanese dome tour which consisted of two shows each at Seibu Prince Dome and Kyocera Dome. On his Act III: M.O.T.T.E World Tour, G-Dragon visited 29 cities across Asia, North America, Europe, and Oceania, becoming the first Korean solo artist to stage an arena tour in the latter three continents. G-Dragon also became the second Korean soloist to perform at the Tokyo Dome. Taeyang's White Night World Tour visited 19 cities across Asia and North America.
While T.O.P has never held a solo concert, he has held solo fan meetings in Japan in 2014.
G-Dragon |
47135615_1 | List of Big Bang solo concert tours | Year Title Duration Setlist Number of
performances
1. "Heartbreaker"
2. "This Love"
3. "Hello" (feat. Dara)
4. "Gossip Man"
5. "My Age Is 13" + "Storm" + "Fly Gentlemen" + "G-Dragon"
6. "A Boy"
7. "The Leaders" (feat. Teddy & CL)
8. "Breathe"
2009 Shine a Light Concert December 5–6, 2009 (South Korea) 9. "Butterfly" 2
10. "But I Love U"
11. "She's Gone" (feat. Kush)
12. "Only Look At Me" (with Taeyang)
13. "Korean Dream" (feat. Taeyang)
14. "One Year Station"
Encore
1. "Lies" (with Big Bang)
2. "Last Farewell" (with Big Bang)
3. "Heartbreaker"
Shine a Light was G-Dragon's debut concert, in support of his debut album Heartbreaker (2009). The concert was held at Olympic Gymnastics Arena with an attendance of 24,000 fans from 2 shows.YG Entertainment announced that it had sold all 12,000 tickets in the first ten minutes of sales. The number of concurrent ticket buyers online reached 100,000, which brought a fierce ticket war with a rate of 1 in 10 users obtaining tickets.controversy following complaints of obscenity and suggestive content.
2013 One of a Kind World Tour March 30, 2013 — September 1, 2013 - 27 |
47135615_2 | List of Big Bang solo concert tours | The One of a Kind World Tour was G-Dragon's first concert tour in support of his first EP One of a Kind (2012). The tour was announced on January 14, 2013, and was jointly directed by choreographers Travis Payne and Stacy Walker who previously worked on Michael Jackson′s This Is It tour. The stage was designed by Michael Cotten, who has decorated the stages of the Super Bowl, the Olympics and Michael Jackson′s world tour. The tour visited 9 countries and 13 cities in 2013, gathering a total of 570,000 fans, making it the most attended concert tour in history by a Korean solo artist.
2017 Act III: M.O.T.T.E World Tour June 10, 2017 — October 8, 2017 - 36
The Act III: M.O.T.T.E 'Moment of Truth The End' World Tour was G-Dragon's second concert tour in support of his self-titled EP Kwon Ji Yong (2017). On March 31, it was reported by various media outlets that G-Dragon will perform at Seoul World Cup Stadium on June 10. YG Entertainment confirmed the concert a week later, making G-Dragon the second solo artist in history to perform at Seoul World Cup Stadium, after labelmate PSY. On April 25, it was announced that the tour would visit 18 cities across Asia, North America and Oceania. In mid-June, additional dates in Asia were announced, including stops in Hong Kong, Philippines, Indonesia, Malaysia and Taiwan. On June 26, YG Entertainment added five European cities to the tour, marking the first time for G-Dragon to stage a solo performance in Europe. Willo Perron served as the creative director for the tour, having previously worked with international artists such as Rihanna, Kanye West, and Drake. |
47135615_3 | List of Big Bang solo concert tours | Taeyang |
47135615_4 | List of Big Bang solo concert tours | Year Title Duration Setlist Number of
performances
1. "Prayer"
2. "Ma Girl"
3. "Look Only At Me"
4. "Sinner/Prisoner"
5. "Don't Wanna Try" (Frankie J cover)
6. "Cracks of my broken heart" (Eric Benet cover)
2008 Hot Concert July 20–21, 2008 (South Korea) 7. "Baby I'm Sorry" 2
8. "With You" (Chris Brown cover)
9. "Always"
10. "Make Love"
11. "A Fool's Only Tear"
Encore
1. "Look Only At Me"
The Hot Concert was Taeyang's first solo concert, in support of his first mini-album Hot (2008). The concert was held at Melon-AX Hall with Uhm Jung Hwa, Mighty Mouse and Big Bang being guest performers. All 4,000 tickets were sold out.
1. "Prayer"
2. "I'll Be There"
3. "Sinner"
4. "Just a Feeling"
5. "Move"
6. "Ma Girl"
7. "You’re My"
8. "I Need A Girl"
9. "After You Fall Asleep"
10. "Connection"
11. "Slow Jam" (duet with IU)
2010 Solar Concert September 25–26, 2010 (South Korea) 12. IU - "Better in Time" (Leona Lewis cover) 2
13. "Baby, I’m Sorry"
14. "Wedding Dress"
15. "Superstar"
16. "Break Down"
17. "Only Look At Me and Make Love" remix
Encore
1. "Where U At"
2. "Take It Slow"
Re-Encore |
47135615_5 | List of Big Bang solo concert tours | 2. "Take It Slow"
Re-Encore
1. "Only Look At Me"
2. "Take It Slow"
The Solar Concert was Taeyang's second solo concert, in support of his debut album Solar (2010). The concert was held at Kyunghee University's Grand Peace Hall with IU being the guest performer.
2014–2015 Rise World Tour August 12, 2014 – March 1, 2015 - 25
The Rise World Tour was Taeyang's first world tour in support of his second studio album Rise (2014). On May 30, 2014, YG Entertainment announced that Taeyang will kick off his first tour in Japan with four shows in two cities set to commence in mid-August. On September 5, 2014, two shows were announced in Seoul, which were sold out in less than ten minutes, and a third show was later added due high demand. In November 2014, nine cities across seven Asian countries were announced as a part of the world tour, including Hong Kong, China, Malaysia, Indonesia, Taiwan, Thailand and Singapore.
2017 White Night World Tour July 8, 2017 – October 29, 2017 - 23
The White Night World Tour was Taeyang's second world tour in support of his third studio album White Night (2017). On March 31, 2017 it was announced that Taeyang is to hold two concerts in Japan in July at Chiba Marine Stadium. On April 21, two shows were announced at Kobe Sports Park Baseball Stadium in August. His labelmates Winner and Blackpink performed as the opening act for the shows at Chiba and Kobe respectively. On July 6, Taeyang announced two shows in Seoul, on August 26 and 27. The rest of the Asian leg was announced on August 10, with eight countries including Philippines, Hong Kong, Thailand, Indonesia, Malaysia, Macau, Singapore, and Taiwan. On July 12, the North American shows were announced with two stops in Canada and six in the United States. |
47135615_6 | List of Big Bang solo concert tours | Daesung |
47135615_7 | List of Big Bang solo concert tours | Year Title Duration Setlist Number of
performances
2013 D'scover Tour March 24, 2013 – June 18, 2013 (Japan) - 25
The D'scover Tour was Daesung's debut concert tour and first tour in Japan. In December 2012, it was announced that Daesung was to hold four concerts at Kobe and Tokyo in support of his debut album D'scover. On February 28, 2013, it was announced that due to high demand, he would be holding an additional 21 concerts across 17 cities. All tickets from the tour were sold out.
2014–2015 D'slove Tour June 11, 2014 – July 27, 2014 (Japan) - 21
D'slove Tour was Daesung's second tour in Japan. In early 2014, it was announced that Daesung will embark on a second Japan tour, with 12 shows across 7 cities. More than 200,000 people applied for the tickets, which resulted in an additional performance at Nippon Budoukan and two additional shows at Osaka-jo Hall. Daesung launched the encore concert Encore!! 3D Tour [D-Lite DLive D’slove] in Yoyogi National Gymnasium and Osaka Jo Hall. Japanese singer Linda Yamamoto made a special appearance.
1. To You
2. Venus
3. D-Day
4. Powerful Boy
5. Sunny Hill
6. Anymore
7. The Sign
8. Shut Up
9. Awake, Asleep
10. Close Future
11. Spring Breeze Melody
12. Rainy Rainy
2017 D-lite Japan Dome Tour April 15–16, 22–23, 2017 (Japan) 13. Dress 4
14. Wings
15. Joyful
16. Hello
17. Just Can’t Stop It
18. Old Diary
19. Look at Me, Gwisun
Encore
1. D-Day
2. Venus
3. Sunny Hill
4. Powerful Boy
5. Singer's Ballad |
47135615_8 | List of Big Bang solo concert tours | 4. Powerful Boy
5. Singer's Ballad
D-lite Japan Dome Tour was Daesung's third Japanese tour and first dome tour, making him the second member of Big Bang to tour dome arenas, after G-Dragon in 2013.Seibu Prince Dome and Kyocera Dome with a total attendance of 150,000 fans.
2017 DなSHOW Vol.1 August 11, 2017 – October 31, 2017 (Japan) - 41
January 6, 2018 – January 7, 2018 (United States)
DなSHOW Vol.1 was Daesung's fourth Japanese tour. On June 26, 2017, YGEX announced that Daesung will embark on a nationwide solo hall tour, with 28 shows to beginning in August. Due to high demand, additional concerts were added totalling 39 concerts in 18 cities with an expected attendance of 88,000 people. On August 11, YGEX announced two final shows to be held in Honolulu at Hawaii Theatre. |
47135615_9 | List of Big Bang solo concert tours | Seungri
Year Title Duration Setlist Number of
performances
2012 V.I Fan Meeting in Japan August 27, 2012 & September 9, 2012 (Japan) - 2
V.I Fan Meeting in Japan was Seungri's first fans meeting in Japan, he held two shows, one at Shinkiba Studio Coast in Tokyo with 9,000 fans, and a second in Osaka at Dokima River Forum.
2018 V.I DJ Tour April 13–30, 2018 (Japan) - 4
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23767019_0 | Marlow Rugby Union Football Club | Marlow Rugby Club is an English Rugby Union club. That was formed in 1947. Marlow Rugby Club play at Riverwoods Drive, which is located in Marlow, Buckinghamshire. It currently has 4 senior sides, ladies, Colts, full Youth (most age groups run 2 sides) and Mini Section.English, and runs one of the oldest Mini Tournaments, now in its 44th year.
History
1912 - 1946
Officially the Club was formed at a meeting held at the Chequers Hotel in the High Street, Marlow on Tuesday 3 February 1947. However, a rugby match was played on 8 February 1913 on Crown Meadow against High Wycombe RFC and (not for the first time), Marlow triumphed by 13pts to nil.
One of the players who took part in this game, a Dr. G Berkeley Wills wrote to the Club in 1964 to confirm the events of that day. He wrote :- 'At the end of 1912 one or two of us who had been at schools which played Rugger thought it might be amusing to get together if possible a team to show Marlow - which was then prominent at Soccer - what 'The handling game' was like.
When it came to it we could only find four or five people who had played the game before, nevertheless we persuaded others to make up a side under instruction. We hired Crown Meadow, (this was before it became Riley Recreation Ground) erected goal posts, marked out the pitch and had several intensive practices to try and instil some basic principles and to form a team.
We then challenged High Wycombe RFC to a match, the result of which I think surprised us all. The score of two goals and a try was a fair indication of the run of the play. Quite a large crowd watched the game and yelled their surprise and approved whenever a tackle was made - especially when a three quarter was downed and hurled over the touch line. This was a strange and exciting game indeed !
This was the only match played - other interests intervened and in the following year of course came the Great War. Nevertheless, it was a famous victory!'
1947-to present
Dick Simpson, who was in attendance Tuesday 3 February 1947, at the Chequers Hotel, recalled, |
23767019_1 | Marlow Rugby Union Football Club | "It was not long after the war that some rugby enthusiasts in Marlow led by farmer John White started to talk about the possibility of forming a local club. After a lot of jaw, principally in the bar of the Chequers on Saturday nights and Sunday mornings, it was agreed to hold an inaugural meeting. As a former player I was asked to help, but as I was an old member of Thames Valley (now Maidenhead), I thought it right to find out first if they were contemplating starting up again. A phone call to Roy Bonberry at Thames Valley gave the news that they would not be operating in 1947."
"I printed a notice which was circulated to all the youth of the town and the first meeting took place at the Hotel. The chair was taken by 'Gerry' Mason who was then the landlord of the Crown Hotel and who had played (about seven stone lighter then) for the Bank of England."
There wasn't much money about, just enough to buy the meeting a drink. Gerry then put the following question to the meeting "Do you want a Rugby Club in Marlow?". The meeting was unanimously in favour of a Club being formed.'
'Fran' Francis, Marlow's first captain remembers that the meeting passed the following resolutions :-
1. The Marlow Rugby Union Football Club should be formed.
2. A provisional subscription of 5/- (five shillings) be paid by each member.
3. An account be opened at the National Provincial Bank.
4. Trial games would be held and that some matches be arranged for what remained of the 1947-48 season.
In that very first season five matches were played, four by the first XV and one by the 'A' XV. All first XV games played were won with a creditable points record of 62 points for, 18 points against. This was a remarkable achievement considering that very few of players who played in that first season had played the game before. It also shows how quickly the popularity of rugby spread as the Club was able to get two sides out at the end of April. |
23767019_2 | Marlow Rugby Union Football Club | The first match of the newly formed Club was against Old Wycombensians' who had challenged Marlow to raise a side to play them and this historic game was played on the Royal Grammar School ground at High Wycombe. The result was the same as the match in 1913, a win for Marlow. The Club's first official fixture however was on 13 March 1947 away against London Airport. The report of that opening game appeared in the Bucks Free Press the following week. The other remaining two fixtures that season were against two guest sides at home. These matches were played on Home Meadow at Sir William Borlase's Grammar School and teas were served at the Cross Keys pub afterwards.
The immediate problem facing members in the late 1940s was the acquisition of permanent playing and changing facilities. At first the two did not necessarily go together. The Club still continued to use the George and Dragon to change in, but the pitches changed more frequently than the weather. The Club used Sir William Borlase's Grammar School or Royal Grammar School pitches, then for a brief spell a pitch was hired down Fieldhouse Lane where the industrial estate now is. After which a pitch near Pound Lane was used. Players frequently changed at home, played rugby and then returned home to wash afterwards.
Players in that 1947 season included Eric Page, a lightning fast winger who scored a prodigious number of tries for the Club. On the other wing was George Wooster, landlord of the Cross Keys pub and, like his fictional relation, was quite a character in his own right. Phil Mason was, along with Norman Jameson in the back row, a devastating tackler. His time keeping for away matches on occasions left a lot to be desired as startled pedestrians would confirm. Not wanting to be late for an away game, he would often arrive in his ancient Rover outside the Chequers via the pavement in front of what was then the Post Office.
The first AGM was held on 27 April 1948 at the Chequers Hotel. The Club now had sixty members of whom 42 were players. The 1st XV had almost a full fixture list for the 1948 - 49 season although difficulties were experienced in getting a full list for the 'A' XV. |
23767019_3 | Marlow Rugby Union Football Club | The opening fixture of the 1948 season was away at R.E.M.E Aborfield where the team triumphed by 6 pts to 3 pts. In the 1947-8 season the Club was affiliated to the Oxfordshire Rugby Union and it was only on 1 September 1948 did the Club become affiliated to Rugby Football Union. In those days you could be affiliated to more than one county, so by December 1951, Marlow was affiliated to Bucks, Berks, Oxon as well as the Rugby Football Union.
The Club's first full season went with a swing, the 1st XV won 17 out of the 24 games played, with one drawn match and six losses. Twice as many points were scored as were conceded with the final tally being 207 points for, 104 points against. The second XV played 16 matches winning seven, losing eight with one draw.
At the second AGM on 16 August 1949, Brigadier R.H.R Steward was elected as the Club's first President and the Club had a bank balance at the end of the season of £29 4s 4d. It was decided at this meeting that the Rugby Club should join with the newly formed Marlow Sports Club in Pound Lane.
The decision was regarded by some with trepidation, as theirs was the view that the Club should remain independent; however, the decision had been made and Marlow at last had permanent if not independent headquarters.
Like all amateur organisations Marlow Rugby Club was, and still is, dependent on subscriptions and fund raising exercises from the membership. The moneys raised from subscriptions alone were not sufficient to cover the running costs of the Club and at the third AGM on 22 May 1950 it was decided that the rules should be changed and that 'a match fee of one shilling and sixpence,1/6, (8p in 2006 money) per match was to be paid by all members taking part in a game.'
For the next thirteen years the Rugby Club was a member of the Marlow Sports Club sharing facilities with the Hockey and Cricket Clubs. During this period the club gradually expanded and became quite a prominent feature of Marlow sporting life. Conditions at the Sports Club were far from ideal both in the relationships with the various sporting sections and in the facilities provided. However, Marlow found here a chance to function regularly as a Club without the difficulties, which it had experienced in its first years. |
23767019_4 | Marlow Rugby Union Football Club | Rugby in these early years was by today's standards primitive, but the pioneering spirit shown by the early members was no more obvious than when it was reported that the changing accommodation at the Sports Club had been delayed because of the bad weather. Although the changing rooms where now ready all they lacked was a cess-pit!
The pitch at Pound Lane was lent to the Club from a Farmer White who owned a field next to the Marlow Sports Club. There were immediate difficulties with the pitch, two trees had to be removed but the prime obstacle was 'the hump', this was a pronounced mound which ran across the width of the pitch. Marlow used 'the hump' to great effect as a natural defence for six years before it was removed. Whole three-quarter lines are said to have fallen over the first time they mounted an attack and movements were often broken-up when a player looked to pass as he ran onto it.
Throughout this period traveling away presented difficulties as there were very few cars and in 1952-3 the club hired 19 coaches from Taylor's Garages. The after game sociability, which is apparent at Marlow, owes a lot to the long sessions enforced by coach travel in these formative years.
Marlow had black shirts at first, because with clothing rationed, any available shirt was produced and dyed black to obtain uniformity of colour. In the season 1949-50 the Club changed the style to match the hooped playing shirts of Sir William Borlase's Grammar School.
This design did not last long and in 1951 the Club reverted to the all black shirt. At AGMs in 1952 and 1954 a proposal to change the design of the jersey was defeated on both occasions, however in 1956 a compromise was reached and a black shirt with a narrow white band was adopted. In our 50th anniversary season in 1997 a gold band was added to the design. |
23767019_5 | Marlow Rugby Union Football Club | The growth of the Club was such that in 1958 a more permanent 2nd pitch was required. Up to that point the 1st XV played at the Sports Club, but if the 'A' XV was at home a pitch still had to be borrowed in the town somewhere. Home Meadow at Borlase school, a pitch along Dedmere Road, Alder Meadow in Pound Lane were just some of the places were the 'A's had to play their rugby. No wonder the Club formed a Nomads XV later on in its history!
Eventually a pitch was acquired in Gossmore Lane. The players still had to change in Pound Lane, but unlike the pitch at the Sports Club, the players did not have to use a shovel to clear to relics of the cattle that farmer White had put out to graze on the 1st team pitch during the week!
However, there was one task that had to be completed before any rugby could take place, and that was to collect the posts from Alistair Findlay's house in Lock Road. 'A' team players did keep fit, as after the game the posts had to be taken down and returned to Alistair's house, and then it was a dash to the Sports Club pavilion to see if there was any hot water left. Occasionally they made it before the hockey players, but regrettably this didn't happen very often.
In the 1960-61 season it became clear that the Rugby Club was outgrowing the facilities at the Sports Club, and when they were unsuccessful in negotiating with a Mr. Saunt who owned a piece of ground flanking Pound Lane to use as an additional pitch, the Club decided to look for a larger home.
At a Special General Meeting on Tuesday, 11 September 1962 at the Chequers Hotel, Richard Welsford and a Mr. Wedlake outlined the negotiations that had taken place with regard to 21 acres of land down by the river. Ten acres of this land were owned by a farmer William Morris, who at that time owned Town Farm at the back of Borlase School and the other eleven were owned by Marlow Urban District Council. |
23767019_6 | Marlow Rugby Union Football Club | The minutes of that night record that, after discussion, the following motion was put to the meeting and approved. "That this Special General Meeting of The Marlow Rugby Club empowers the General Committee to act on its behalf to negotiate and complete a lease on land situated at Riverwoods Drive. They are to obtain the best possible terms with a maximum rental of £300 per annum to be offered". This set the wheels in motion, which enabled Marlow to move to its current location.
A 21-year lease at £300 per annum was agreed with Mr. Morris, and a rolling one-year lease at £15 per annum was agreed with Marlow UDC. The land rented from Mr. Morris was on the higher ground at Riverwoods and it was on this land that it was decided to build Marlow's Clubhouse. In March 1963 work commenced. Whilst the building work was going on the New Ground Committee was still working feverishly in trying to obtain funds to help pay for the Clubhouse.
To show how much faith the Club had in its own ability to raise the necessary money, the Club's bank balance at 31 December 1962 stood at £101 4s 2d, and the cost of building the Club and preparing the pitches in readiness for the start of the 1963-64 season was £6,400.
At the end of May the Clubhouse appeal fund stood at £700. Marlow wrote to a variety of organisations to seek financial assistance in the form of loans. In the end Thomas Wethereds, who were the town brewery company and Middlesex County Rugby Football Union agreed to loan the Club £2500 each over a period of 10 years. The Club's application to the RFU was turned down as they themselves were short of money!
In September 1963 the Club started the season in its new home. By this time Marlow was running 5 sides and the future was looking bright for all those people who had put so much hard work into moving the Rugby Club to Riverwoods. |
23767019_7 | Marlow Rugby Union Football Club | The first home game at Riverwoods was between Marlow 'A' XV captained by Geoff Spinks against Newbury 2nds. The result was a win for Marlow by 25 pts to 8 pts. On 2 October, the Club was officially opened by Mr. A. G. Butler, President of the RFU . The 1st XV played an invitation game against a combined Bucks and Berks XV. The side put up a worthy performance but the visitors proved too strong and ran out winners by 18pts to 6pts.
To help pay for the clubhouse, Marlow embarked on a variety of fund raising ventures. One of the most successful was the annual Donkey Derby run by Jim Platt, (of Platts Garage in Quoiting Square, Marlow), and his helpers. Special buses were laid on to transport the 'punters' from all points in Marlow. Weekly football draws were run by Colin 'The Swindle' Trundell. Gilbert North collected for the East Berks Sportsman's Association (EBSA) and the Club erected a shed at the end of the drive to collect waste paper. Three legged and wheelbarrow pub crawls were organised and with more than 20 pubs at that time in Marlow, only the strongest and the soberest completed the course. The Club organised a Pantomime much to the amazement and amusement of the membership. There was nothing that the Fund Raising and Social committees would not do well almost anything.
The effect of the new improved facilities was immediate. The playing strength of the Club increased from three sides to as many as eight as new players were attracted by the superb clubhouse. Less than two years after moving to Riverwoods it was found necessary to expand the Club further, a shower room and new changing rooms were built, the kitchen and bar extended and a new pitch added. Marlow benefited from this as a number of first-class players who have joined the Club admit to having gone to other Clubs, seen their clubhouses and immediately joined Marlow. These additions to the Riverwoods facilities attracted more players and as a result more income. |
23767019_8 | Marlow Rugby Union Football Club | By 1967 the original £6,400 loan was reduced to under £5,000 due to the fundraising efforts of the membership. The Club was always looking for novel ways to raise money and in 1969, the 200 Club was formed which as the name suggests was limited to 200 people. It cost £25 a year to join and there were monthly prizes of £100 and every six months there was a draw for £500. In 1969 that was a substantial sum of money, as is shown by the fact that the alternative choice for the lucky winner was a Morris Mini car which was then selling at £499. 19s. 11d.
Fund raising brought in regular income but Bill Murphy, then President of the Club, had bigger and better plans for raising money. So on 21 July 1972, Marlow held the first of many Bar-B-Q's at Riverwoods for a few friends - 1500 to be exact. Through his extensive contacts Bill persuaded many of his Irish friends to attend - people like Terry Wogan, Willie John McBride and Fergus Slattery all were in attendance at a Marlow Bar-B-Q sometime or other.
In October of that year Marlow started a Sunday morning activity that was to change the lives of young boys and their parents who attended that inaugural meeting forever - Mini Rugby was born at Riverwoods.
The training lights were upgraded during the season and Marlow was now running between eight and nine sides on a Saturday. Not content with having a superb set of lights to train under, in 1973, Marlow knowing that improved facilities were the only way to stay as the top side in the area, decided that another set of lights were required. By the time the players returned for the start of the season, floodlights had been erected around the 1st team pitch. At that time Marlow was the first junior Club and certainly one of the very few Clubs in the Country to offer this facility to its playing membership.
On a Thursday night in November, the Club played against an International XV raised by International Referee Mike Titcomb to officially open the lights. It would be no exaggeration to say that the team he brought down to Marlow that night consisted of probably the greatest collection of International talent that was around in Britain at that time: |
23767019_9 | Marlow Rugby Union Football Club | John Dawes, JPR Williams, Geoff Evans, John Taylor, (members of the victorious 1971 British Lions team in New Zealand), Mike Burton, Roger Hosen, Bill Gittings were just some of the glittering array of talented players on display that night. The final score didn't matter (26pts - 8pts to the visitors by the way). What did matter was that players of this calibre were prepared to give up an evening, and for many of them a long night and early morning, to come and help a Club such as Marlow celebrate the addition of facilities that would help to advance the cause of Rugby
A year later was the formation of a team that was to extend rugby players careers (and their waist lines) even further - a Vets team - The Stragglers was started at Marlow. Charlie Child was the first Captain and Past President David Sumpter was his Vice-Captain. With an entry age of 35, many players who were nearing the end of their playing days were able to enjoy a more sedate, less intensive game against teams of similar ages and abilities. Vets teams took on an identity of their own, with teams calling themselves names such as Chiltern 100s, Beaconsfield Boars, Wycombe Bodgers, Feltham Ponderers and Camberley Gin and Tonics. Vets rugby became well established around the country and such was the attraction of this type of rugby that in April 1975, the Stragglers played a team consisting of the Fleet Street Rugby Winters under floodlights at Riverwoods. It was probably the only time that players could get their own back for what may have been written about them!
The Club now had all the pieces of the jigsaw in place to attract players who moved into the Thames Valley area and were looking to join a progressive rugby club. The number of sides that the Club ran grew in the next five years to seven sides every Saturday, and with Mini players now becoming Youth players, Sunday mornings saw upwards of over 140 boys between seven and seventeen enjoying first class coaching to prepare them for the senior game. |
23767019_10 | Marlow Rugby Union Football Club | Marlow because of its accessibility to the M4 and M40 motorways soon became popular as a training venue for International training sides from as far away places as Argentina to Russia during this period. Marlow's population was still growing and the outskirts of Greater Marlow spread to embrace Marlow Bottom during this time. Players from first class clubs in London, were attracted to this beautiful Thames side setting and naturally Riverwoods was their first port of call. 1980 Being Champions of 6 Counties saw Marlow drawn against Bath (included 3 current Internationals) to become the 1st Junior club to reach the last 32 in the John Player Cup on 3 occasions (Played Rosslyn Park 1972 and 1975) The team acquitted themselves so well on the day, that Jack Rowell (later to become England Manager) brought the Bath team to play a pre season warm up game at Marlow under lights.
1985, saw Marlow realise one prime ambition - to become owners of their own ground. For many years leading up to this time, the Club had been in negotiations with Willie Morris, the farmer who owned approximately half of the land that was Riverwoods. On his death, his sons agreed to sell this land to the Club and after lengthy discussions with his family, in September 1985, Marlow bought the freehold to this parcel of land and at long last the Club could said to be at last masters of their own destiny.
Marlow has never forgotten that it has always been an integral part of the town and county. A game against the 'Anti-Assassins' in 1986 raised over £500 for Stoke Mandeville Hospital, and many other functions have been held to help raise money for other worthy causes.
The World Cup held in England in 1991 was yet another opportunity for Marlow to show that when it comes to organising events, not many Clubs can hold a candle to us. A celebration dinner was held in September for the Romanian National side. This coincided with the arrival of the World Cup Rugby ball at Marlow. The ball was brought into the dinner by members of Marlow's Youth team who had carried the ball on this leg of the journey around the country before its arrival at Twickenham in time for the opening World Cup match between England and New Zealand. |