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anas-awadalla-sf

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mint-test

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[ null, "Date and time\n2:00 PM - 4:00 PM, August 10, 2018\nOther dates and times\nEvery Friday,", "2:00 PM - 4:00 PM, January 05, 2018 - December 14, 2018\nExcept on: March 30, 2018 and November 23, 2018\nCheek Hall Room 100 Technology Training Center\n\nComputer Services hosts \"Ask the Experts\" Open Sessions every Friday afternoon from 2:00 - 4:00pm to assist staff on a variety of University technologies.\n\nRegistration is not required - Simply stop by any Friday that the University is open, and an expert will be available for one-on-one assistance.\n\nCheek 100 Technology Training Center\n2:00 - 4:00pm\n\n*The Blackboard \"Ask the Experts\" open sessions are held in Library 106 from 1:30-4:30 every Friday the university is open." ]

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[ "Thursday, 9 February 2012\n\nSpring & Success\n\nI don't know about you, but I am so...ready for Spring! We've had no real winter to\nspeak of here. So being the fair weather friend that I am, I'm turning my snooty back\non Winter and beckoning my lovely friend, Spring, to come and visit soon.\nI would also like to share a poem that I have about success with you, along with\nsome photos of gardening inspirations that I 'dug-up'.", null, "Success is speaking words of praise,\nIn cheering other people's ways,\nIn doing just the best you can,\nWith every task and every plan.", null, "It's silence when your speech would hurt,\nPoliteness when your neighbor's curt.\nIt's deafness when the scandal flows,\nAnd sympathy with others' woes.", null, "It's loyalty when duty calls,\nIt's courage when disaster falls,\nIt's patience when the hours are long,\nIt's found in laughter and in song.", null, "It's in the silent time of prayer.\nIn happiness and in despair,\nIn all of life and nothing less,\nWe find the thing we call success.", null, "I am on my way over to Emily and Ryan's to spend the weekend\nand have fun with these two cuties of mine. They just lost their\ndog yesterday, so it's a pretty sad household. I'm hoping I can\nbring a little sunshine to them.\nI hope you have a good weekend, my friends." ]

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[ "While it's easy to lust over the features and accessories included with Z370 motherboards costing £200 or more, not everyone wants to spend that kind of money, especially if you're working with a budget limit that means that cash can be better spent on a larger SSD or faster graphics card. There's nothing below £100 noadays for the select few non K-edition CPUs to benefit from value-wise, but boards like Gigabyte's Z370 Aorus Ultra Gaming will leave you with plenty of change from £200 at least. In fact, the board can be found for less than £160 if you do some digging, yet visually it appears to lack little compared to Gigabyte's pricier models.\n\nYou get RGB lighting that stretches from the audio circuitry to the PCIe slots and across the DIMM slots as well as a plate next to the 24-pin ATX connector. These are bright, vivid, clear LEDs that cement Gigabyte's first place in the brightest motherboard race, with its more expensive boards dishing out even more lumens.", null, "Of course, you have to cut back a few things as you dip below £170, and the obvious one is M.2 heatsinks, which are included on pretty much every board above this price. Instead, you just get a pair of M.2 ports, with the top one supporting only PCIe SSDs, while the lower slot can offer a home to either PCIe or SATA-based models.", null, null, "The board features the same DIMM slot lighting as on more premium boards in the Aorus range, and it's the cheapest one to do so. You also get two RGBW headers as well as two three-pin headers that can power 5050 digital LED strips. There are three fan headers around the CPU socket - handy for powering roof or rear case fans and CPU cooler fans, although there's no hi-amp header, and the dedicated AIO pump header is the other side of the DIMM slots. All of the fan headers can operate in PWM or voltage modes plus Gigabyte's excellent EFI and software fan control allows you to change fan speed according to different thermal inputs - not just the CPU.", null, null, "Despite the lower price tag, you still get a header for USB Type-C front panel ports on the board - something MSI's more expensive Z370 Gaming Pro Carbon AC lacks - although you should note that here it is limited to USB 3.0 speeds (AKA USB 3.1 Gen 1) rather than true USB 3.1 (Gen 2). You also get the usual six SATA 6Gbps ports. The rear I/O panel is fairly well populated, too; there's no Wi-Fi, but you get seven Type-A USB ports, with one of these being USB 3.1 and four USB 3.0. There's also been no corner cutting with the audio either, as you get the usual Realtek ALC 1220 audio codec along with a smart headphone amp and dedicated USB port for DACs that Gigabyte claims compensates for voltage droop when using long cables.", "Gigabyte Z370 Aorus Gaming 3 Review", "MSI Z370 SLI Plus Review", "NZXT enters the motherboard market with the N7 Z370\n\nBuilt-in Grid+ and Hue+ controllers." ]

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[ "The Continuing Adventures of the Mysterious Traveling Campfire\n\nThere were confirmed reports yesterday of an unattended campfire on the Forest Park Southern. This time, the campfire was captured on film by two people traveling through Beagle Creek and the photo below shows the campfire dangerously close to the general store.", null, "Mysteriously, though, as soon as local officials rounded the corner to check out the fire- it was gone. There was a note tacked to the wall of the general store, however, that warned of more dastardly deeds. It said another fire had been planted and was burning and offered the following clues as to its locations:\n1) The perpetrators are vertically challenged.\n2)  It's not where it appears to be in the photo.\n3)  It's not in a building.\n\nForest Park Southern officials are relieved that the fire is not purportedly in a building after the disastrous destruction of the roundhouse roof at Random which was caused by a similar act of vandalism. Local officials are concerned, though, given the inability of the railroad's local officials to find similar fires in the past. Said the mayor of Beagle Creek, \"I hope we don't have to call in the CEO of Forest Park Industries on order to find the fire. Several other communities around here have had to do that in the past. It's hard to believe these railroad guys can't find a fire. Most of us around here just look for the smoke.\"" ]

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[ "How do you use content marketing and storytelling to launch a new product or business?\n\nThe strategy, according to Internet marketer Jeff Walker’s latest book Launch, lies in creating the right sequences, telling the right stories through content marketing, and incorporating the right mental triggers.\n\nThe Most Successful Small Business in the World: Book Review\n\nJuly 31st, 2013   •   6 comments", null, "“What we have done for ourselves alone die with us; what we have done for others and the world remains and is immortal” – Albert Pike\n\nEntrepreneurship is one of the most challenging ways to make a living. Done right, however, it can be the most rewarding, allowing one to fulfill one’s dream, vision, purpose, and mission.\n\nWTF! The Story of Two Fry Guys\n\nApril 9th, 2013   •   no comments", null, "The E-Myth Revisited – Book Review\n\nMarch 5th, 2013   •   no comments", "Are you a struggling entrepreneur trying to juggle it all, but find it a tremendous challenge?\n\nWell, perhaps it’s time for you to stop, take a step back, critically evaluate where your business is going, and read The E-Myth Revisited.\n\nExplore Singapore on Two Wheels with Druthers\n\nFebruary 22nd, 2013   •   no comments", null, "Courtesy of Druthers Bicycle Rental\n\nCycling is fast becoming a popular way to tour a city.\n\nThe 3 Cs of Convergence Marketing\n\nJanuary 28th, 2013   •   no comments", "What is the true essence of marketing?\n\nI believe that it can be distilled into three basic questions:\n\nPoke The Box (Seth Godin): A Book Review\n\nJanuary 26th, 2012   •   no comments", null, "With a secondary title like that, you can bet that Poke the Box – Seth Godin’s first title under The Domino Project – is going to be all provocative and punchy. And boy, the renowned marketing cum motivational blogger sure doesn’t disappoint in that department.\n\nHallmarks of Successful Entrepreneurs (A Local Perspective)\n\nNovember 8th, 2011   •   no comments", "Are there qualities common to entrepreneurs like Steve Jobs? (Courtesy of Digital Trends)\n\nAs the world continues to moan over the demise of Apple head honcho Steve Jobs, numerous articles have been written about his entrepreneurial legacy.\n\nThese cover the length and breadth of his astounding career as one of the century’s greatest CEOs.\n\nHave a “Beery” Good Time with Fine Brews in Chinatown\n\nOctober 23rd, 2011   •   1 comment\n\nFancy a Hobgoblin, Kopparberg pear cider, or Pauvel Kwak with chicken rice or fish ball noodles? How about a lychee flavoured Taiwanese “Xiao Mei Mei” beer to wash down a steaming plate of fish head?\n\nNow you can with The Good Beer Company, Singapore’s first (and only) specialty and craft beer stall in a hawker centre. Opened by Daniel Goh of Young Upstarts fame, its a realisation of a long-time dream come true.", null, "The Ultimate Start Up Entrepreneur\n\nAugust 17th, 2011   •   1 comment", null, "After months of hard canvassing and pitching in a two stage competition, the winner of the Martell V.S.O.P. The Ultimate Start-up Space competition was announced last night. Mr Jeremy Nguee of the business idea “Preparazzi”, was selected by a panel of judges out of 10 finalists.", null ]

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[ "ceramic, wood, paint\n12' x 1' x 4'\nThis sculpture represents an abundant collection of mechanical imagery through both the ornamentation and the abstract ceramic objects. Factories and methods of production have changed over time, and for this reason the importance of the hand has been overlaid with the ongoing effects of industrialization. As a result, there has been a change in the appearance and feel of a variety of objects kept in daily life.", null ]

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[ "Back in the early 1980's I came across an article in Model Railroader about the wide vision caboose fleet of the Soo Line. There were numerous photos and several drawings of the various versions of the cabooses. What was most noticable about the different versions was the changes in window placements. Some had two windows on the side, some had one, and some had none. There were also different window arrangements on the ends. At the time I was just developing the caboose roster for my railroad and I decided to modify some Athearn wide vision caboose kits in a similar manner to the Soo. In addition to providing some variety to the fleet, the changes could represent different orders acquired at different times which would help lend credibility to the free-lanced railroad.\n\nThe major changes to the kits included changing the windows, moving the truck bolsters closer to the ends and trimming the bottom of the cupola. In the photo below you can see the original kit and the modified version.", null, "In studying the photos of the Soo Line cabooses, it became apparent that the kit needed some modifications to more closely represent the wide vision cabooses of the era. That lead to moving the truck bolsters out toward the ends and trimming the bottom of the cupola. Other changes included the addition of Cal Scale cushioned underframes, removing the cast-on grab irons and replacing them wire brass wire, and adding a few additional details such as firecracker antennas and vents. New end railings were fabricated using brass wire and styrene for the kick plates.\n\nI also decided to model several different classes of cabooses in order to add some variety to the fleet. In the photos below you can see the Class C6, C6A, and C7 variations.", null, null, null, "The small windows on the sides of the C6A and C7 class were cut from the ends of a spare wide vision kit and spliced into the side. The original Class C6 were delivered with roofwalks and ladders, and I added an etched brass roofwalk along with ladders on the end. Note also the different placement of the stacks on the two classes.\n\nIn addition to changes in windows on the sides, I also changed the end window configuration on the C7 class as you can see in the photo below.", null, "Once operations started on the layout I needed to expand the size of the wide vision caboose fleet. While the Athearn cars were fun to do at the time, they were a significant amount of work. I had seen numerous photos and reviews of the Atlas wide vision caboose and it seemed like a logical candidate. I purchase three of them on EBay, stripped the paint using 90% isopropyl alcohol, and added a few details. I also blanked out the middle window on each side to give them a slightly different appearance and because the road name wouldn't fit anywhere else. The photo below shows the Atlas and Athearn kits together.", null, "Here's a close-up of the Atlas kit.", null, "The three Atlas cars were weathered in varying degrees as you can see in the photo of the two cars below.", null, "I used overhead photos of Chessie System wide vision cabooses that I took from the Hopple Street Viaduct in Cincinnati back in the early 1980's to weather the roofs.\n\nThe photo below shows the whole fleet of wide vision cabooses.", null, "The Atlas kits are beautiful, and I plan to add more to the fleet as operations expand further." ]

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[ "Okay, I admit it. I come up with some crazy ideas. Just as I write about my family history from very different perspectives than most, I do the same thing with Christmas ornaments. Leave it to me to put the \"weird\" in Christmas.\n\nI have very defined tastes and even, friends say, \"rules\" about Christmas ornaments. No plastic. No garrish colors. No movement or music. No Disney or other cartoon characters. The same thing goes for Christmas lights. No blinkers, no bubbles, mini-lights only, white and lots of 'em - enough to cause a brown out on my block.", null, "This year, as in the past, I've placed my collection of mercury glass and other ornaments in a large glass bowl. One year I used large crystal vases and placed them in there. Another year it was gold Pickard china bowls. I've even used small bowls and placed them in bedrooms or even bathrooms. There can never be too much Christmas, right?\n\nWhen I lived in California, we never used our fireplace due to smog concerns. Also, I had grown up with wood stoves in the house so the fascination of cave-like living complete with fire was quickly lost on me. What to do? Well, fill the fireplace with lots of glass ball ornaments! First, I would place a string or two of mini-lights in the clean, empty fireplace. Then I would buy boxes of the cheap glass ball ornaments at Walgreens or Target. I would arrange them haphazardly and stack them up on each other. The effect with the lights turned on was great.", null, "Finally, my preference is for ornaments that are handmade using nature's bounty. This year I am assembling ornaments made with walnuts, whole nutmeg, cinnamon sticks, bay leaves, dried orange slices, dried pomegranates, moss, feathers, cedar roses, star anise, dried roses and pinecones. You can learn how to make these over at my other blog, A Catskill Christmas (shameless plug).\n\nI think you shouldn't be stuck hanging Christmas ornaments on a tree only. That's like not staying within the lines or not having green dogs when coloring.\n\nPhoto: My fireplace in California, not filled with ornaments just a lot of other crap I made, 1997." ]

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[ null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, "Christmas is the best time of the year ! Santa Squad T-Shirt gift birthday funny great day love women Christmas costume men party wear kids mom dad gifts baby family so much fun!\nThe countdown for biggest occasion of the year is here and this cute Christmas Santa with Reindeer T-Shirt is an wonderful present idea for any winter festivities! Forget all other things and grab this one to enjoy this fully!!" ]

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[ null, "The Django Experiment is the Stephane Wrembel Band's unique way of performing the music of Django Reinhardt. A perfect blend of the original Gypsy sound with the New York City voodoo. Mainly Django's music, and a few compositions by Stephane Wrembel\n\nAlbum Notes\nAward-winning gypsy-jazz guitarist Stephane Wrembel will release two new recordings, The Django Experiment I and The Django Experiment II, on March 3rd on Water Is Life Records. Both recordings primarily feature Wrembel’s interpretation of the songs of legendary jazz guitarist Django Reinhardt as well as original compositions by Wrembel and a few other writers in the same vein of music.\nWrembel is best known for “Bistro Fada,” the theme song from the 2011 Woody Allen Oscar-nominated movie, “Midnight In Paris.” Subsequently, Wrembel was hand-selected by award winning composer/producer Hans Zimmer to perform at the 2012 Academy Awards® as part of his “All Star Band.” Wrembel has contributed music to two other Allen films, commercials, and TV and now has both a Clio Award and Grammy Award under his belt. He has toured around the world and is immensely popular in India.\nThe two Django projects were recorded, mixed and mastered by Eric Ritter at Windmill Agency Recording Studio in Lake Ariel, PA. Wrembel was joined in the studio by long-time collaborators Thor Jensen (guitar), Ari Folman Cohen (bass), Nick Anderson (drums) and Nick Driscoll (saxophone, clarinet). Both albums feature original artwork by Wrembel.\nWrembel comments, “25 years ago I spent many years with the gypsy masters patiently learning their craft the traditional way. Then it's been a long journey touring the world and experiencing the NYC jungle's energy. I spent the last 15 years composing and touring playing my own music. The Django Experiment is a re-exploration of my roots as a gypsy jazz guitarist, a tribute to Django Reinhardt, revisited with a new sound and years of integration of new musical informations…sort of Django meets NYC meets the world. It is actually extremely traditional and extremely non-traditional at the same time. What's important is the use of colors and sounds over his music that has not been done before.”\nThe release of the CDs will coincide with the Django A Gogo Music Festival, which will be held at Stern Auditorium/Perelman Stage at Carnegie Hall on Friday, March 3rd. Wrembel produces and performs at the event along with Al Di Meola, Stochelo Rosenberg, Larry Keel, Ryan Montbleau, David Gastine, Nick Anderson, Thor Jensen, Ari Folman-Cohen and Nick Driscoll.\n\nCD Baby ...\n\n1. Nuages\n2. Gin-Gin\n3. Bouncin' Around\n4. Dinette\n5. Troublant Bolero\n6. Windmills\n7. Place de Broukere\n8. Carnets de Route\n9. Djangology\n10. Ma Premiere Guitare\n11. Jacques Prevert" ]

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[ "- Gamelihle Dlungwane was not going to let anything stand in the way of him tying the knot to the love of his life, Sindiswa Khuzwayo, not even death\n\n- Dlungwane threw his deceased fiancee her dream wedding after she suddenly passed away\n\n- The groom said he only proposed after she got sick and felt she needed to have her big day to find peace\n\nThe 63-year-old man finally married the mother of his three children in a ceremony at Gunjini village, KwaZulu-Natal.\n\nHowever, The Sowetan reported the bride was already dead at the time of their nuptials- she passed away a week before as a result of diabetic complications.\n\nBriefly.co.za learned the groom felt he wanted to honour her dream of a wedding after her sudden death, adding he already gave her a ring and veil prior to her passing.\n\n\"She had dreamed about her wedding day for years. Before she died, she had asked for a wedding ring and for a veil to wear with her traditional outfit. I gave her those two things, so I think she's at peace,\" Dlungwane said.", null, "Dlungwane with his wife's ring at her grave. Photo credit: The Sowetan\n\nREAD ALSO: Mbalula claims \"Comrade Bruno Mars\" for the ANC, and it has tweeps in stitches\n\nThe couple had been together for over 20-years, during which they had three children and three grandchildren. However, they lost two of their children.\n\nAs for her family's reaction to the post-death wedding, her younger sister, Ntokozo Khuzwayo, said it was what everyone needed to cope with her sudden passing.\n\n\"We had all been really down when she died but what my brother-in-law did for my sister lifted our family's spirits and I know my sister is happy about this.\", she said.", null, "Happier times- the couple with their grandkids prior to her death. Photo credit: The Sowetan" ]

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[ null, "I’m running Windows 10, MSI GeForce GTX 970, Intel i7 4790k.\nI have the Steam version of GTA 5, never installed any mods.\n\nmaximumgame 2016-09-04 14:49:37 UTC #2\n\nOpt out of steam beta and restart steam." ]

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[ "A study analyzed the effects of marijuana on creativity.", null, "Cannabis and creativity: highly potent cannabis impairs divergent thinking in regular cannabis users.\n\nSteve Jobs once said that “marijuana and hashish … make me relaxed and creative.” And many people agree with his assessment. One study found that over 50% of users report enhanced creativity when using marijuana. But Steve Jobs was wrong about things before (the Apple Lisa, anybody?). Could he have been wrong about marijuana enhancing creativity as well?\n\nResearchers know enough about the brain to take a decent stab at predicting how marijuana may affect creativity. The story starts with the neurotransmitter dopamine and its influence on two cognitive processes first fleshed out in the 1960s, a decade of great creativity!\n\nWhile creativity is a hard thing to measure objectively, some components of it are being teased out. Specifically, two cognitive processes are thought to play a strong role in creativity. They are called convergent and divergent thinking. Divergent thinking is best described as the skill behind brainstorming — it’s being able to explore options through loose associations to generate novel ideas. Convergent thinking works in the opposite direction: It takes a bunch of loosely-organized ideas and finds a common thread between them.\n\nThere is a common thread winding its way through these thought processes and dopamine. Dopamine is often thought of as the “reward neurotransmitter” (although this is a major overgeneralization because dopamine has multiple functions). However, it also seems to have a role in the neuroscience of creativity. Specifically, one study in light marijuana users found that dopamine has a negative linear correlation with convergent thinking, whereas it shows an “inverted U” shape correlation with at least one aspect of divergent thinking, where too much or too little harms it, but a middle amount is just right.\n\nThe main psychoactive ingredient of marijuana, delta-9-tetrahydrocannabinol (THC), is known to stimulate release of the neurotransmitter dopamine in the striatum, a part of the brain involved in creative activities such as writing (and also addiction). Chronic marijuana use, however, may lead to depressed dopamine activity.\n\nOn the basis of marijuana’s effects on dopamine and creativity in light users, the authors of the current study formulated a hypothesis on marijuana’s effects on divergent and convergent thinking in heavy users. Since long-term cannabis users would have depressed dopamine activity, their divergent thinking before inhalation would be on the left hand side of the “inverted U” curve, but inhaling marijuana may push them temporarily to the right on that curve, improving divergent thinking. Convergent thinking, however, is negatively correlated with dopamine activity, so inhaling marijuana should hamper this aspect of creative thinking in anyone, whether they regularly use marijuana or not. These relationships are summarized in Figure 1.", "The goal of the current study was to put this hypothesis to the test.\n\nTwo aspects of creativity are related to dopamine activity in the brain. Divergent thinking, the skill behind brainstorming new ideas, may get worse with very low or very high dopamine activity, and is best in the middle range. Convergent thinking, the skill behind unifying ideas into a coherent whole, worsens as dopamine activity increases. Since long-term marijuana users have depressed dopamine function, use of marijuana in this population could improve divergent thinking while worsening convergent thinking. This hypothesis was put to the test in the current study.\n\nA total of 54 healthy Dutch people (6 women and 48 men) in their early 20s who regularly used marijuana were included in this study. “Regular use” was defined as consuming marijuana at least four times per week for the past two years. “Healthy” here meant that the participants did not have significant mental or physical disorders, did not abuse alcohol, were not on any psychotropic medications, and did not use any other drugs recreationally. People who smoked cigarettes were included in the study.\n\nThe participants were randomized to inhale vaporized marijuana that contained one of three levels of THC. Attached to the vaporizer (a Volcano-brand vaporizer, depicted in Figure 2) was a large balloon that filled with the vapor. The participants were asked to inhale deeply the content of the balloon and hold their breath for ten seconds before exhaling. It was a pretty big balloon, so it took several inhalations to completely consume its contents.", "The total amount of THC delivered to each participant in the three groups was 22 mg (high dose), 5.5 mg (medium dose), or almost 0 mg (placebo). Acknowledging that not all the THC in the plant is vaporized, and that not all of the inhaled THC is absorbed through the lungs, the researchers estimated that the actual doses absorbed were 8 mg, 2 mg, and 0 mg, respectively. The participants and experimenters were blinded to what dose of THC was being delivered.\n\nThe participants were asked to report their subjective feelings 6 minutes after completely consuming the marijuana. They were also given two 10-minute tests: the first, 35 minutes after consuming the marijuana; the second, 60 minutes after consuming the marijuana. But … how can you measure creativity? Well, psychologists, being a somewhat creative bunch themselves, have come up with a few tests, two of which were used here.\n\nThe Alternate Uses Test (AUT) measures divergent thinking. People taking the AUT must generate as many uses for a common household item as possible within a given span of time. For instance, a pen can write, hold a door open, be used as a bookmark, be melted and molded into a shape, etc. The answers were then rated by two independent reviewers blinded to the treatment condition, according to four different criteria: fluency, flexibility, originality, and elaboration. The scores highly correlated with each other, which suggests that the tests were rated reliably.\n\nThe Remote Associates Task (RAT) measures convergent thinking. Participants are given three words and must find a fourth word that links them. One example is “back, go, light.” The fourth word for this set is “stop.” Since the RAT has “objective” answers, it is easier to come up with a final score for it than for the AUT: You just count the number of right answers.\n\nThe tests were administered in a random order to each participant to make sure the order of administration didn’t affect the results. Also, after each creativity test, the experimenters again asked the participants to rate their subjective feelings.\n\nTo test the effect of cannabis on creativity, this study recruited 59 young, healthy people who frequently used cannabis. The participants were randomized to inhale marijuana that contained either a high dose of THC, a medium dose of THC, or almost no THC. After consuming the marijuana, they took two tests of creativity: the Remote Associates Task (RAT), which measures convergent thinking, and the Alternate Uses Test (AUT), which measures divergent thinking. Their subjective feelings were also measured throughout the experiment.\n\nThe study’s findings are summarized in Figure 3. The three treatment groups did not differ in convergent thinking as measured by the RAT, indicating that the THC content of marijuana did not affect remote associations in this population.", "Also, there was no difference between the performances of the placebo group and the medium-dose group on any of the four subscores of the AUT, indicating no effect on divergent thinking at this dose of THC. However, the high-dose group performed significantly worse on three of the four AUT subscores, with no difference between the three doses for the elaboration subcategory.\n\nBefore inhaling marijuana, the participants in this study had performed similarly to people not under the influence of any substances, on both the AUT and RAT.\n\nParticipants were asked to assess their “subjective feelings” by grading three kinds of effects: “feeling high”, “good drug effects”, and “bad drug effects”. The medium- and high-dose THC groups gave similar scores to both “feeling high” and “good drug effects” (the placebo group gave lower scores). The placebo and medium-dose THC groups gave similar scores to “bad drug effects” (the high-dose THC group gave a higher score). THC level did not affect measures of mood, and mood did not change significantly over time.\n\nConvergent thinking as measured by the RAT was not affected by THC at any dose. Divergent creative thinking was unaffected at medium doses of THC, and made worse in three of four subcategories of the AUT at high doses, with no effect on the fourth category of elaboration.\n\nThe study provides some evidence against the view that marijuana enhances creativity. Instead, it seemed to have either no effect or a negative effect. But, as usual, there are a lot of caveats to this statement.\n\nFirst, the measures of creativity used in this test were all based on word associations on the written page. It is not immediately clear if this relates to creativity in other domains, such as the visual arts, dance, music, or the spoken word. There is some evidence along with varying hypotheses that address how related different types of creativity are, but results are quite mixed, and studies use varying methodologies.\n\nSecond, the study participants had all used marijuana fairly heavily for at least two years. Even if we can trust the results (and one study never proves anything), they only apply to people who have used marijuana similarly. Third, different marijuana strains can have wildly different effects. Fourth, those effects can also vary between different people.\n\nPerhaps the authors’ starting hypothesis, as presented in the introduction, could shed some light here … if the results from their study supported it. But why don’t they? Maybe because the authors based their hypothesis on just one previous study, which used eye-blinking rates as a proxy for dopamine activity – a less-than-entirely reliable indicator.\n\nThe authors of the study mention the possible unreliability of eye blink rates as a measure of dopamine activity. They also present a few other possible reasons why their hypothesis didn’t seem to hold in the study. One possibility is that the high-dose group received too high a dose, pushing them to the far right of the inverted U-shaped curve. A more fine-grained dosing study in the future could shed some light on this possibility. Alternatively, the authors noted that the high-dose group experienced more negative effects than the other two groups. This led them to suggest that maybe the participants had to spend their cognitive resources dealing with the bad feelings rather than with the task at hand, which fits with the “ego depletion” model of cognitive control.\n\nAs for why the placebo and low-dose groups performed equally in the AUT, the authors suggest several possibilities. One is that the dose was too low, since the participants were tolerant to THC and some studies have shown that higher doses are needed for the same effect in this population. Alternatively, the placebo may have contained enough THC (or other active ingredients) to exert an effect. Finally, perhaps the placebo effect was strong in the placebo group, since what they inhaled was identical in smell and taste to marijuana with a higher THC content. This may have led to increased dopamine output simply based on expectation, which is an effect that has been noted in other studies.\n\nThe authors did not provide as many possible explanations as to why convergent thinking didn’t differ between any of the treatment groups. The main hypothesis they put forward is that they used a truncated, 14-question version of the RAT, which may not have been sensitive enough to measure differences accurately. Many possible factors weren’t discussed, such as the impacts of cannabinoids from marijuana on non-dopamine aspects of brain function, some of which may theoretically impact creativity.\n\nThe generalizability of this study is limited, both because it was done exclusively in people who used marijuana heavily and because it only measured two aspects of creativity, both related to words on a written page. In addition, this study generated a lot of hypotheses as to why the predictions of the authors didn’t pan out, many of which could be tested through further research.\n\nThe current study somewhat clashes with a larger body of research on marijuana’s and THC’s effects on convergent and divergent thinking. The effects on divergent thinking tends to have more evidence surrounding it.\n\nEarly research using THC cigarettes found that 3 mg of THC improved divergent thinking, whereas 6 mg worsened it. Later research using oral THC noted increased verbal fluency in doses up to 15 mg. Long-term users of cannabis were tested in another study that found that smoking marijuana improved divergent thinking, but only in people who assessed themselves as not very creative in the first place. Yet another study found that smoking marijuana improved aspects of divergent thinking only in long-term users, but not in people without a long history of exposure to cannabis. While all the previous studies found an improvement in divergent thinking, at least in some populations, one study came up empty-handed.\n\nStudies on marijuana’s effect on convergent thinking are fewer and far between, and both were mentioned above. One of those two studies found convergent thinking to be impaired by joints containing 3 or 6 mg of THC, compared to a control. Another, later study used the RAT and found that marijuana containing 10% THC may harm convergent thinking in people who rated themselves to be fairly creative.\n\nWhile the conclusions that can be drawn from the body of research are not crystal-clear, it seems that the current study goes against what little evidence there is concerning marijuana’s effects on creativity, at least to some degree. Fortunately, contradictory and confusing research can serve as grist for the mill of scientists’ creativity in the future as they search for solutions.\n\nPrevious research done on marijuana’s and THC’s effects on convergent and divergent thinking tends to indicate that acute marijuana use can improve divergent thinking and harm convergent thinking. However, the evidence to date is limited and mixed.\n\nHow potent was the marijuana used in this study compared to that of average marijuana?\n\nMost marijuana is 5–10% THC, although THC content has been rising sharply in recent years, sometimes hitting the 30% mark. For comparison, the highest THC dose in this study was the equivalent of around 9% THC. However, the participants in this group had to inhale a large balloon full of the vapor, which required several hits.\n\nThis study was done in long-term users of marijuana. How would marijuana affect the creativity of people who don’t use it frequently?\n\nBy the reasoning laid out in the introduction, marijuana use should make both divergent and convergent thinking worse. Recall that convergent thinking is inversely correlated with dopamine activity and divergent thinking has an upside-down U-shaped correlation with respect to dopamine activity. This implies that any increase in dopamine activity will worsen convergent thinking, just like in people who use marijuana heavily over the long-term. However, since people who don’t use marijuana frequently will lie in the middle of the inverted “U” curve for divergent thinking, occasional marijuana use could push them to the far right of the curve, worsening their divergent thinking as well. This is different from the prediction the authors made for chronic cannabis users.\n\nThat’s the theory, anyway. As the study reveals, it didn’t quite pan out as expected.\n\nSo the authors’ hypothesis was that marijuana’s effect on creativity is mediated by dopamine. Does this mean that other drugs that affect dopamine could affect creative thinking?\n\nAssuming the authors’ hypothesis is correct (which isn’t a great assumption, given the results of this study), this would indeed be the case. In fact, it’s somewhat odd that the authors of the current study didn’t take their hypothesis to its logical conclusion and mention other drugs in their discussion section.\n\nThere aren’t a whole lot of solid studies on other drugs’ effects on creativity. One study on Adderall, which affects dopamine levels, found no effect on divergent thinking, and a positive effect on convergent thinking, but only in those who scored lower in convergent thinking to begin with; those with higher convergent thinking ability to start out with were either unaffected or impaired.\n\nAre there also supplements that could affect creative thinking?\n\nRemember that dopamine activity is related to creative thinking. Dopamine is synthesized from the amino acid tyrosine. So, in theory, it’s possible that tyrosine supplementation could affect creativity. One group recently put this hypothesis to the test and indeed found that tyrosine improved convergent, but not divergent, thinking. While one study doesn’t prove anything, this is an interesting result. Hopefully, more research will be done in this area.\n\nDo all strands of marijuana have the same effects? Might other strains boost creativity?\n\nDifferent strains of marijuana differ in their molecular composition, most notably the overall amount of cannabinoids and their relative ratios. Since some effects of marijuana are linked to Delta-9-THC alone, others are attributed to cannabidiol, and others are not even traced back to specific cannabinoids (or interplay between them), it is very possible that different strains can significantly differ in effects.\n\nUltimately, however, most scientific studies focus on the cannabidiol and THC content unless they have a reason to focus on other cannabinoids. While it can give insight as to which plays a more significant role, the question of whether or not one strain is “better” than another for a given purpose (such as creative thinking) requires more direct testing or, on the consumer side, some experimentation. Trials such as the current one provide some basis for future research on different variables (different amounts, strains, populations, etc.).\n\nThis study found that acute marijuana use in heavy users had no effect on the aspect of creativity called convergent thinking, which is the ability to unify disparate themes into a common thread. It also found that marijuana that contains high doses of THC may impair divergent thinking, which is the ability to brainstorm and come up with unique, loosely connected ideas. Marijuana containing lower doses of THC had no effect on divergent thinking. These results were somewhat unexpected based on past research." ]

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[ "Note what I say about the pregnancy-disaster-in-jail baby’s early brain scan. I initially reported that the baby suffered no detectable oxygen deprivation following his traumatic birth. The subsequent scan, however, revealed some sort of potential deficit (ischemia or otherwise) according to the mother’s report.\n\nAt some point after this letter, I did receive an antidepressant in the jail.\n\nI was removed from McCracken County Jail for my letters.\n\nThis may fix the prevailing fantasy that warehoused nonviolent inmates spend 23 hours a day in the cement cell. It is 24/7 for months on end.\n\nMarch 22,2008\n\nTo: Governor Steve Beshear\n700 Capitol Avenue\nFrankfort, KY 40601\n\nDear Governor Beshear:\n\nOn 3-19-2008, I was sentenced to eight years in prison for DUI, possession of 0.144 grams of crack cocaine and tampering with evidence. I had no drugs or alcohol in my blood, nothing illegal on me or in my car, and exhibited no bad driving. Yet, I was convicted of all three. Inmates have subsequently told me never to take anything to trial in McCracken County, because everyone is convicted, but I did not know this, because I am not from here.\n\n1. Since January 23, 2008, we have been outside our cell for recreation exactly one time. We have been to the filthy gym for recreation, exactly twice. We wait up most of the nights, hoping to get outside the cell for rec, at night. The only two times we went to the indoor gym were between 1:30 and 2:30 AM. In the night, guards go up and down the hall, banging on the hallway windows and doors yelling, “Rec, rec!”\nEach night, they do this. We say we want real recreation, not recreation in a tiny chapel. The guards mark this in a book as a “refusal.” They submit the book to Frankfort, so it looks like the inmates all refuse rec every day. We get maybe one hour of rec per month if we are lucky.\n\n2. The jails such as this one are overcrowded defacto prisons. I may be here until I meet the parole board in 19 months, because I am a nonviolent State inmate.\n\n3. The only reading material allowed is certain types of religious materials. My family sent letters and literature that were returned because they were Catholic in nature. Only after my sister called the jail chaplain and said, “Are you all anti-Catholic? Because if you are, I am calling the Governor,” did I receive a Catholic bible that the guards make fun of.\n\n4. No educational materials are allowed.\n\n5. No AA or NA meetings are allowed.\n\n6. There is no dental care.\n\n7. I was not allowed to continue my anti-depressant medication, even though the conditions are extremely depressing.\n\n8. A social worker tells the NPs what psych meds to prescribe. She is not licensed to prescribe anything, yet they defer to her on dosage and type.\n\n9. The lights are on from 5 AM to 11 PM.\n\n10. First, they said that family could send in paperbacks, news magazines, and newspapers. Then, they refused to give these items to us.\n\n11. First, they said that family could send in self-addressed, stamped envelopes. Then, they refused to give these items to us. Then, they threatened to reseal the empty envelopes, and mail them back to family, instead of placing them in property.\n\n12. The woman next door, six months pregnant, started bleeding. The guards ignored her. All three back cells pounded and shouted. They told us to shut-up and get to bed. They did nothing for more than one hour, then walked the pregnant woman, cuffed, out of the jail. Her placenta was 75% abrupt, she nearly lost her uterus. The baby was breached; his foot was through her cervix, she required an emergency C-section, and the baby was flown out of state. His brain scan does show potential future deficits.\n\n13. The same woman has an incision that is infected now. The jail won’t giver her gauze. They make her use maxi-pads. But, she is on pad watch now. She is allowed three pads per day, including the pus pad.\n\n14. They would not allow us to attend church service on Thursday night, saying that it was 12-step. When we said we were here on drug offenses, they would not let us go to the service.\n\n15. The cells are always cold.\n\n16. In addition to maxi-pad rationing, they now ration toilet paper. Several times, we have had to use our washcloths, or the shower, after toileting, because we have no toilet paper.\n\n17. We get watered down disinfectant to clean the cell.\n\n18. In the morning we get exactly two individual paper towel squares, to clean the entire cell.\n\n19. They have put new restrictions on clergy visits.\n\n20. No textbooks, educational classes, crosswords, number puzzles, logic puzzles, arts or crafts are allowed.\n\n21. In the hole, medical watch, suicide watch, there is no way to wash hands, shower, or brush teeth.\n\n22. The only time we received materials to clean the filthy cell walls and vents was because “the state” is “coming to inspect.”\n\nAuthor’s note: When I mention requests for real recreation, I am referring to requests for recreation in an outdoor cage. When the guards banged on the doors at night to offer rec, their offer was for rec in a tiny chapel that was the size of a medium-sized cell.\n\nThere was also an indoor gym in the jail, but this was rarely offered.\n\nBetween January and March, we went to the outdoor cage one time, the indoor gym two times, and the tiny chapel several times, although we frequently declined to visit the chapel for rec, because it was little larger than another cell, and it was indoors.\n\nThe rest of the letter concerns Judge Craig Clymer’s behavior and actions during sentencing, trial, and on various documents. I will cover this in separate blogs.\n\nThe Obamanable President: UPDATED\n\nPosted: December 15, 2011 in criminal justice system, Executions, law\nTags: benjamin cardozo school of law, criminal justice system, law, legal definitions and issues\n\nPresident Obama has announced that he will sign the National Defense Authorization Bill that gives him and the military the authority to indefinitely detain U.S. citizens suspected of supporting terrorist activity. I am not surprised because Obama already claims to have the power to order any person in the world assassinated, no matter where situated and whether or not a U.S. citizen, if he decides that person is a terrorist or has provided material support for terrorism.\n\nThe Fifth Amendment to the United States Constitution provides:\n\nEmphasis supplied.\n\nNothing explicit or implicit in the Fifth Amendment creates or justifies an exception to the Due Process Clause that I italicized, and if you carefully listen with your heart, you can almost hear our Founding Fathers shouting, “NO.”\n\nUsing post-conviction DNA testing, the Innocence Project, which was formed by Barry Scheck and Peter Neufeld at the Benjamin Cardozo School of Law in New York City approximately 20 years ago, has exonerated 282 innocent people who were wrongfully convicted of crimes. 17 people were on death row awaiting execution when they were exonerated.\n\n“The Disturbing Case of Eddie Lowery” will be shown tomorrow night (Friday, December 16th) on MSNBC at 10 PM. He is one of those 282 innocent people. Mr. Lowery falsely confessed to a rape he did not commit and spent 10 years in prison before he was exonerated. You can visit the website for the Innocence Project and watch a preview of tomorrow night’s show here.\n\nThe Death Penalty Information Center issued a report today entitled, “The Death Penalty in 2011: Year End Report, which you can read here.\n\nThe Center reports that, while 1277 people sentenced to death since 1976 in the U.S. have been executed, 139 people sentenced to death have been exonerated (this number includes the 17 people exonerated by post-conviction DNA testing). That is more than 10% of the number of people executed.\n\nThe high number of post-conviction exonerations does not inspire confidence in the ability of the criminal-justice system to only convict the guilty and always acquit the innocent, despite due process of law.\n\nResearchers have identified seven causes of wrongful convictions. They are:\n\n1. Mistaken eyewitness testimony;\n\n2. Police misconduct;\n\n3. Prosecutorial misconduct;\n\n4. Forensic fraud;\n\n5. Ineffective assistance of counsel;\n\n6. False confessions; and\n\n7. Jailhouse informants.\n\nTo the extent we have information about the people detained at Guantanamo, approximately 80 to 90% are innocent. Most of the people detained by the U.S. military there and other places were identified by paid informants as terrorists and many of them confessed while being tortured.\n\nThere is no evidence-based reason to believe that the military is any better at only convicting the guilty and always acquitting the innocent than the civilian criminal-justice system. In fact, given the kangaroo-court-style military tribunal process, there is good reason to believe that there is a much higher probability of wrongful convictions by military tribunals.\n\nDespite all of the well-documented examples of the wrongful conviction of innocent people accorded due process of law in civilian courts and the identification of the causes of those wrongful convictions, President Obama apparently would have us believe that he and his review panel would never make a mistake and order the assassination of an innocent person.\n\nAnd now the U.S. Congress has granted him the authority to order U.S. citizens, whom he suspects of providing material support to terrorists, detained indefinitely by the U.S. military without access to lawyers and the civilian courts.\n\nThis is an egregious and unpardonable sin against the U.S. Constitution, Bill of Rights, Rule of Law, and we the people of the United States.\n\nGiven the secretive manner in which senators Carl Levin (D) and John McCain (R) cooked-up this law behind closed doors without conducting any hearings or calling any witnesses, I cannot help but believe that this law was enacted with the OWS protests in mind.\n\nEveryone who participated in drafting, supporting, and enacting this horrific law is unfit to serve in government. They should be immediately removed from office and forever barred from serving in public office in the future in any capacity.\n\nLet December 15, 2011 forever be known as America’s National Day of Shame.\n\nCross posted from my law blog.\n\nThe Curious Case of the Three Suppression Orders (Part 3) [Frog Gravy Legal Case\n\nPosted: December 9, 2011 in criminal justice system\nTags: criminal justice system, differing writing style in third unsolicited suppression order, FROG GRAVY, Frog Gravy Legal Case, Frog Gravy legal case, I was in jail before I even heard about the third order, insolicited third suppression order, Judge Craig Clymer, JUDICIAL MENDACITY, legal definitions and issues, McCracken Circuit Court Judge Clymer, suppression denial, suppression order with nothing from suppression hearing supporting findings of fact, third order denying suppression submitted post-trial, three orders denying suppression\n\nWritten by Masoninblue and published full-text here with permission. However, I chose the music for the post. To listen as you read, simply click on the video;you do not have to watch it. By the way,if you are a judge and you are following this case,and you have seen anything like this,please emailme privately with the citation;I would like to see it. My email listed in the About section of this site. Thank you,Rachel, aka Crane-Station.\n\nThe Curious Case of the Three Suppression Orders (Part 3)\n\nAuthor’s Note: Judge Clymer surprised us with a third suppression order that he issued out of the blue 3 days after the trial concluded. He did not inform us that he was considering modifying his second order and he did not schedule a hearing, request any input or allow any discussion or objections. He simply mailed it out as one might do with a letter bomb.\n\nThe order consists of the judge’s personal opinions set forth as findings of fact in a transparent effort to strengthen his order denying suppression by making stuff up and characterizing it as “unusual, suspicious, and disturbing,” even though Deputy McGuire never uttered those words at the suppression hearing. He even uses the word appellant, instead of defendant, obviously anticipating an appeal.\n\nDuring my 30 years representing clients charged with felonies in state and federal courts, I never had a case in which a judge did this and I never heard of a case in which a judge did something like this.\n\n3. The Third Suppression Order Issued Post-Trial on January 28, 2008.\n\nIn his third suppression order, the supplemental suppression order, Judge Clymer modified his first finding of fact in the second order (that correctly quoted what the caller reported to 911) by eliminating the quote and replacing it with the following statement.\n\nThe 911 dispatcher received a call from an identified public citizen, Vernon Wilkey, who reported that a white female driving a dark blue LeSabre with Washington State license plates made unusual and disturbing statements about heroin in his neighborhood.\n\n(Finding of Fact 1)\n\nFinding of Fact 2 states,\n\n911 called deputies, and alerted them to the woman, her vehicle, and her suspicious drug activity.\n\nFinding of Fact 3 characterizes the appellant’s driving and states,\n\nThe vehicle was travelling slowly in the right traffic lane of Highway 60 with the left-turn signal activated for an unusually long time for no apparent reason. The vehicle did not turn left, but continued on straight, which all appeared unusual and suspicious to the deputy.\n\nFinding of Fact 4 (mis-numbered as a second 3) states,\n\nThe vehicle then pulled to the right side of the road and stopped without any signaling to do so by the deputy. This demonstrated additional unusual behavior by the appellant. The deputy then pulled in behind the appellant’s vehicle and activated his roadstop lights. By the time the deputy stopped, he had reasonable grounds and reasonable suspicion to approach the driver. He exited his cruiser and walked to speak to the driver.\n\nFinding of Fact 5 (mis-numbered as 4) states in part,\n\nThe appellant failed all HGN tests. She also gave unusual responses to instructions given to her by the deputy; she appeared somewhat confused; she appeared nervous; and she appeared to the deputy to be under the influence of drugs or alcohol.\n\nFinding of Fact 6 (mis-numbered as 5) states,\n\nThe appellant admitted to the deputy that she was on a number of medications, including Clonazepam. Clonazepam is a strong anti-psychotic medication which interferes with motor performance, including driving a motor vehicle. Clonazepam also causes abnormal eye movements.\n\nFinding of Fact 7 (mis-numbered as 6) states,\n\nThe deputy had reasonable grounds and probable cause to arrest the appellant for DUI.\n\nFinding of Fact 8 (mis-numbered as 7) states,\n\nThe appellant was transported to the hospital for the taking of a blood test. At the hospital a suspicious baggie was found next to the appellant’s watch in the back seat of the deputy’s patrol car. The deputy knew that the patrol cruiser did not have the suspicious plastic baggie or a watch before the appellant was placed into the back seat. The appellant admitted losing her watch. The deputy had probable cause and exigent reasons to seize the baggie. The baggie appeared to contain crack cocaine. The deputy had probable cause to arrest the appellant for tampering with evidence and possession of cocaine.\n\nConclusion of Law 1:\n\nThe caller who reported the appellant’s unusual interest in heroin was identified. Such a report is considered more reliable than an anonymous tip.\n\nConclusion of Law 2:\n\nThe deputy had reasonable suspicion and probable cause to make an investigation stop and search of the appellant and her vehicle.\n\nConclusion of Law 3:\n\nDiscovery of the suspicious plastic baggie in the back seat of the deputy’s cruiser was based on plain view discovery. The appellant and her vehicle had previously been detained based on the circumstances described above which proceeded (sic) the discovery of the baggie.\n\nAuthor’s Note: We have previously discussed Deputy McGuire’s testimony under oath at the preliminary hearing in which he said he found the rock of crack under his rear seat while he was looking for Crane-Station’s watch that she had asked him to retrieve for her.\n\nI was confident that the Court of Appeals would reverse on the suppression issue in this”unusual, suspicious, and disturbing” case, but it did not, and that is when I lost hope for an honest and judicious review of her case.\n\nIf this could happen to Crane-Station, it can happen to you. We are all lost when our judicial system ceases to function.\n\nLetter From A Priest: Ricky’s World: Frog Gravy 60", null, null, "Frog Gravy is a nonfiction incarceration account.\n\nThe Curious Case of the Three Suppression Orders\n\nPosted: November 22, 2011 in criminal justice system, law\nTags: appeals, conclusions of law, crime, criminal justice system, findings of fact, Fourth Amendment, FROG GRAVY, Frog Gravy Legal Case, Kentucky Just Us, law, legal definitions and issues, motion to suppress, standards of review, suppression hearing\n\nThis article is written by Masoninblue and published full text here with permission.\n\nAuthor’s note: This diary is part of the Frog Gravy legal case and will be posted in three parts beginning today and ending on Thursday, which is Thanksgiving. In this part I explain basic pretrial legal procedure that is common in criminal cases. Specifically, I explain suppression hearings, which most of you probably have heard about, but might not know some of the finer details. This information will be helpful to understanding the incredibly bizarre events that followed; events that will be the subject of the next two parts. Now, get comfortable, buckle your sealtbelt, and get ready for your ride down the rabbit hole.\n\nIf you have not already done so, I recommend you watch the embedded video, in which a 16-year-old white girl is ordered to stand trial for murder as a 300-pound black man, to get yourself in the proper frame of mind. And, now here is The Curious Case of the Three Suppression Orders\n\nThe Fourth Amendment prohibits unreasonable searches and seizures. The exclusionary rule prohibits the prosecution from using evidence against a defendant, if that evidence was seized by police in violation of the Fourth Amendment.\n\nA suppression hearing is a pretrial hearing in which a defendant asks the court to suppress evidence that the prosecution intends to introduce at trial against the defendant. If the court grants the request and orders the evidence suppressed, the prosecution is prohibited from introducing it or referring to it during the trial.\n\nSuppression hearings are held before trial to resolve legal issues relating to the admissibility of evidence allegedly seized in violation of the Fourth Amendment, because in many cases, especially drug cases, the prosecution would be unable to try the case, if the court were to order the evidence suppressed. If that were to happen, the prosecution would be forced to dismiss the case and there would be no need for a trial.\n\nNormally, a court issues a written order granting or denying the motion to suppress and sets forth findings of fact and conclusions of law that support the order. Findings of fact, as the term implies, are findings regarding what happened. They are the facts of the case upon which the conclusions of law must be based.\n\nFor example, let us suppose that Archie testified that a traffic light was green and Gillian testified that it was red. Whether the light was green or red would be a disputed fact and the judge would have to find as fact one or the other. If both witnesses agreed that the light was red, that would be an undisputed fact and the judge would have to find as fact that the light was red.\n\nNormally, there is only one suppression order and it is entered before the scheduled trial date. Usually, the prevailing party drafts the order and provides opposing counsel with a copy. If opposing counsel agrees to the proposed order, the trial court will enter it as an agreed order without a hearing, unless the judge wants to change something. When that happens, the judge will schedule a hearing to finalize the order. The prosecutor, defense counsel, and the defendant appear for the hearing, hash out their differences, and the judge makes a final ruling. In other words, the process is transparent and ex parte contact with the judge (by one lawyer without the other present) is prohibited.\n\nWhen suppression orders are appealed, the appellate courts review challenged findings of fact to determine if they are “clearly erroneous.” That is, unsupported by any evidence. Appellate courts uniformly refuse to second-guess a trial court’s challenged finding of fact, as long as there is some evidence to support it, even if the appellate judges might personally disagree with the trial court. Their reluctance to second-guess the trial court is based on the well-founded notion that they are not in as good a position to judge witness credibility since they were not present when the witness testified.\n\nConclusions of law are reviewed de novo. That is, they are reviewed anew without any deference to the trial court.\n\nCrane-Station’s lawyer filed a motion, which is a formal request, to suppress all of the evidence seized by police after she was pulled over while driving down the highway and arrested for driving under the influence of drugs. Her lawyer argued for suppression on the grounds that:\n\n1. The stop violated the Fourth Amendment because police pulled her over without a reasonable suspicion to believe that she had committed, was committing, or was about to commit a crime; and even if they did have a reasonable suspicion;\n\n2. The subsequent arrest violated the Fourth Amendment because police lacked probable cause to believe that she had committed a crime.\nThe suppression hearing took place on November 27, 2006. Only one witness testified, Deputy Eddie McGuire of the McCracken County Sheriff’s Department.\n\nWe have already recounted his testimony in some detail and will not repeat it here, except to briefly summarize and note that there were no disputed facts, since he was the only witness who testified. Therefore, it should have been relatively easy for a sentient being, especially an educated judge who took an oath to uphold the Constitution and impartially follow the law, to come up with a set of findings of fact that were supported by the evidence.\n\nAlas, it was not to be.\n\nTo be continued\n\nYou Paid The Price But It Couldn’t Be Bought: Frog Gravy 58\n\nPosted: November 21, 2011 in Artwork, criminal justice system\nTags: concrete and steel, criminal justice system, daliesque, dark poetry, FROG GRAVY, Jail, lower companionship, M and Ms, MCCRACKEN COUNTY JAIL, mental illness in jail, Nonfiction incarceration account, sick, warehousing humans, you paid the price\n\n“Freight trained!”\n\n“Only with a bull it’s worse…”\n\nBefore you read this post, take a look at this letter from DOC and bear in mind that I have an eight-year sentence:", null, "Roxi, my sister’s Cocker Spaniel, jail art by Crane-Station on flickr:", null, "McCracken County Jail, after the hole, January 2008\n\n“You have to understand that you’re in jail,” says Garrison, a high-ranking McCracken County Jail officer. Garrison is wearing a crisp, white shirt. His good looks have probably assured him status in all the right cliques, from high school (football I assume) days to the present. Garrison’s soft-spoken, understated manner makes him an effective officer, I think. His demeanor commands wide-spread respect from inmates.\n\nI have requested placement into one of the smaller cells at the back of the jail rather than one of the large overpopulated ‘population’ cells, and cited several psychiatric diagnoses to support the request.\n\nHe says, “Now, if you didn’t want to be here you shouldn’t have done all those crimes, I read the charges. This ain’t the Marriott, this is jail, and we don’t make special exceptions for anyone. We provide a safe environment with three meals a day and TV and that’s a lot more than a lot of people have on the streets…”\n\nHe is going to place me in a large population cell, and my heart sinks because I am not sure I can handle dueling screaming asylums: one in my head and the other in the environment around my head. The synergistic pitch alone could lead to a violent hemorrhagic event that would leave me bleeding from my eyeballs.\n\nThere are many Garrisons out there, who wear white shirts, because they are in the business of pest control. Where to warehouse and entomb the vermin? Where to stash society’s lower companionship? Such decisions.\n\nHowever, God smiles this day, and guard Sally leads me to Cell 107. What a blessing. My prayers are answered.\n\nI begin writing down everything I see and hear. Most of what follows is verbatim, from my notes, pages 9 through 14.\n(Private joke: God divided by zero and got my notes.)\n\nThe cell is the size of a tiny garage. The bolted steel door has a hinged metal flap that is opened from the outside. After the steel door closes, I notice that a previous occupant/artist has penned three verbs that make newcomers feel cozy and right at home: “Kill. Fuck. Die.” in no-shank pen block letters. Below that a verb, then an article, then a noun: “Fuck The World.” As I have explained, the artist then outlined the small window in the door with a border to make the window look like a TV, and even added a rabbit-ear antenna. The ‘volume’ knob is labeled “valium,” and the maximum setting is labeled “10 mg.”\n\nThree bullet-proof glass windows face the hallway. The rest is standard fare for a kennel: six people in a four-person tomb sharing one steel toilet; a lingering smell that is typical of jam-packed humans; no view to the outside; so little room that you can only do a few standing-in-place exercises or push ups against the cement wall; fluorescent lighting 24/7; ice cold that re-triggers traumatic arthritis; maniacal laughing and shouting all hours of the day and night; a man screaming, “PLEASE!!! Help Me! Let Me out!! HELPmehelpmehelpmehelpme Help!” all hours of the day and night, with the whole Daliesque, grey cement landscape dotted with focused, albeit narrow, religious pamphlets, bibles and study guides.", null, "photo by jef safi (writing) under creative commons on flickr with the explanation:\n\nslεεp oƒ thε paranoıa-crıtıcıst rhızomε . .\n\nDream Caused by the Feverish Flight of a Concupiscent Pigeon Around a Daliesque Girona’s place One Second Before the Nightmare of Awakening.\n\nI can hear in my mind, horsemen on the horizon, Ka-ka Kunk, Ka-Ka Kunk, Ka-ka kunk.\n\nI spot an ice water thermos on a cement ledge at the entrance to the toilet. I get a drink of water. I see an M and M bag that seems to have been abandoned. I pick it up, empty out what is left of the M and Ms and eat them.\n\nA while later, Leese is in the toilet and there is an ear-piercing shriek: “Who took my M an Ms!!! Oh my gawwwwwd, my M and Ms, they are gone, they were just here!” Leese is hysterical, on the verge of tears.\n\n“Um,” I begin. “Man, I am so sorry, I ate them. I did not realize they were yours.”\n\n“You fucking old-ass bitch!” she shouts. “They were my makeup! You ate my fucking makeup!”\n\nA round of snickers in the cell.\n\nColor me Scarlet Letter. I am now, officially, the lowest of the lowest of the low and much less. In a record-breaking ten minutes I am close to being voted off of Inmate Island. Another way of putting it, in urban slang: I am going down.\n\nIn time, we heal the relationship. I replace her Max Factor M and Ms. One day, Leese hands me a poem she has written. The poem is four pages long. She says, “Here. Put this in your book.”\n\nThe poem is titled, You Paid the Price, But it Couldn’t Be Bought.\n\nSick of the darkness, sick of the light\nSick of the day, sick of the night.\n\nSick of the quiet, sick of the noise\nSick of the games, sick of the toys.\n\nSick of the shoes, sick of my feet,\nSick of the cold, sick of the heat.\n\nSick of being happy, sick of being sad,\nSick of doing good, sick of being bad.\n\nAs I read, I can feel tears form. The tears are warm. They drop onto the cement. And the poem continues…\n\nInvestigatory Stop Or Voluntary Citizen Initiated Contact With Police? [Frog Gravy Legal Issue]\n\nPosted: November 11, 2011 in criminal justice system, law\n\nWritten by Masoninblue, my husband, and published here, full-text, with permission.\n\nAn interesting Fourth Amendment issue arises from time to time regarding whether a police officer initiates a contact with a person operating a motor vehicle by pulling it over, or the driver voluntarily initiates the contact by stopping the vehicle and signals for assistance by turning on the vehicle’s blinking hazard lights, as might be the case for example, with a health emergency, a flat tire, or running out of gas.\n\nWith few exceptions, the first situation is prohibited by the Fourth Amendment, unless the officer has a “reasonable suspicion” that the motorist has committed, is committing, or is about to commit a crime. A reasonable suspicion is more than a mere hunch because it must be supported by an articulable set of objective facts and circumstances that would cause a reasonable person to suspect that the individual being observed had committed, was committing, or was about to commit a crime. In the standard drunk driving case, for example, an officer would have a reasonable suspicion to believe the operator of a motor vehicle was impaired by alcohol if the vehicle was weaving, crossing the center line, exceeding the speed limit, and speeding up and slowing down erratically. The courts apply a flexible totality of the circumstances test in determining whether the officer’s suspicion was reasonable in any given case. The courts will not consider information acquired after a stop because the officer did not know it prior to the stop and could not have relied on information he did not know.\n\nThe second situation is not subject to the Fourth Amendment because there is no seizure when a police-citizen contact is initiated voluntarily by the citizen, or the citizen appears to require assistance. This means that an officer does not have to have a reasonable suspicion to contact a citizen who initiates the contact, or otherwise appears to require assistance. This distinction certainly makes sense when one considers, for example, the plight of a motorist who may have suffered a heart attack, turned on the hazard lights, pulled over, and stopped the vehicle before lapsing into unconsciousness. It would not make any sense to require a police officer to have a reasonable suspicion to believe that the apparently unconscious person was committing a crime to justify stopping to check on the person.\n\nUnfortunately, however, the distinction between an investigatory stop that requires a reasonable suspicion under the Fourth Amendment and the voluntary citizen initated contact with a police officer that is not subject to the Fourth Amendment is not always easy to determine. As with the reasonable suspicion test, the courts consider the totality of the circumstances and ask whether a reasonable person in the same set of circumstances faced by the person in the case under review would have believed that he was free to terminate the contact at any time and drive away rather than remain and submit to the authority of the law enforcement officer until released.\n\nThis issue was raised by the prosecution in Crane-Station’s case. The trial judge agreed with the prosecution and ruled that the arresting officer, McCracken County Sheriff Deputy Eddie McGuire, did not require a reasonable suspicion to pull her over because she had voluntarily initiated a citizen-police contact to which the Fourth Amendment did not apply.\n\nConsider the following evidence, apply the legal rules that I have set forth and explained for you, and see if you agree with the trial judge’s conclusion.\n\nAt the suppression hearing on November 27, 2006, Deputy McGuire testified that he was dispatched to investigate a 911 call. After he arrived, he checked the neighborhood for a few minutes looking for a dark blue Buick LeSabre with Washington plates that was described by the caller. When he did not find it, he cleared the call and headed back toward town on U.S. Highway 60.\n\n(Note: The content of this call has been discussed in a previous article (link). Briefly, the caller told the 911 dispatcher that the driver of the vehicle had mentioned “something about tar heroin and all that stuff” while talking to his neighbor in the neighbor’s yard and writing in her notebook. Since this information, even if true, describes what someone said to another person that may or may not have been witnessed by the caller and it does not describe a crime or an attempt to commit a crime, the call was insufficient to cause a reasonable person to suspect that the person described by the caller had committed, was committing, or was about to commit a crime. To conclude otherwise would be to hold that police officer may lawfully seize and investigate any person who mentions the name of a controlled substance to another person. Such a rule not only would dispense with the requirement that the suspected behavior be criminal in nature, it would violate a person’s right to freedom of speech under the First Amendment.)\n\nAs McGuire approached the traffic-light controlled intersection at U.S. Highway 60 and Cairo Road, he suddenly realized that he was passing a vehicle that matched the description provided by the 911 caller. After admitting that he did not know how fast he was driving as he approached and drew alongside her vehicle (Suppression Transcript p. 13), he said,\n\nAs I was passing the vehicle she had her left blinker on as if she was going to turn out in the passing lane, but she never did.\n\nAnd then as I was going to go ahead and go past her, I noticed that the license plate – it was a Washington license plate was the description that was also given at the time of the call. So when I noticed that, I slowed down and let her go back by me, and then when I pulled in behind her, she pulled over.\n\n(Suppression Transcript p. 6)\n\nThe prosecutor asked him when he turned on his emergency lights and he said,\n\nI just pulled in behind her, and she started to pull over. That’s when I lit her up.\n\nOn cross-examination, defense counsel asked McGuire if she “was driving appropriately.” He said,\n\nI was going – yes. She didn’t bring my attention as far as weaving or nothing like that. Speed wasn’t a factor.\n\n(Suppression Transcript p. 13)\n\nDefense counsel focused on the blinking left-turn signal with a few questions.\n\nQ: Okay. And apparently, your testimony is that she had on her turn signal?\n\nA: She had her left-turn signal on as if she was going to come into the left lane. That’s what brought my attention to that vehicle to begin with. And then as I was passing her, I noticed it had Washington tags.\n\nQ: So I guess there’s at least a possibility she was going to move into the left lane and –\n\nA: Right.\n\nQ: — saw your vehicle and elected not to?\n\nA: Correct. That’s possible.\n\n(Suppression Transcript pp. 12-13)\n\nDefense counsel asked him to describe when she activated her right-turn signal. He said,\n\nA: She turned her other turn signal on when she was going into the emergency lane just to stop.\n\nQ: When she was getting ready to pull over?\n\n(Suppression. Transcript p. 15)\n\nWhen defense counsel asked him if he activated his lights “even before she came to a complete stop,” McGuire answered, “Correct.” (Suppression Transcript p. 14)\n\nQ: So, technically, you did stop the vehicle?\n\nA: I was going to, anyway, yes. When she started to pull over, I just went ahead and turned my lights on.\n\nQ: When you fell in behind her, she pretty much –\n\nA: She – yeah. I suppose she assumed I was going to stop her, so she went ahead and pulled over anyway.\n\nQ: Safe assumption under those circumstances?\n\n(Suppression Transcript 14-15)\n\nConsider also that Deputy McGuire wrote in his Uniform Citation and Offense Report that he stopped her, which he confirmed in testimony under oath at the Preliminary Hearing and before the Grand Jury.\n\nIn addition, on October 17, 2006, Assistant Commonwealth’s Attorney (now a McCracken County District Court judge) Christopher B. Hollowell prepared and filed the Commonwealth’s Bill of Particulars declaring in pertinent part under penalty of perjury that Deputy McGuire “stopped” her vehicle.\n\n(Note: this is also admissible non-hearsay as a declaration by a party opponent that arguably should be dispositive of the legal issue. See Part 1 of my four-part series on the hearsay rule.)\n\nThe critical question then is whether a reasonable person in Crane-Station’s position would have pulled over into the emergency lane and subsequently stopped her vehicle after a police officer, who had pulled alongside her, slowed down, fell in immediately behind her, and activated his emergency lights as she moved over into the emergency lane?\n\nWe do not believe the answer to this question is reasonably debatable, especially since the officer who pulled her over wrote in his report and consistently testified under oath at three different pretrial hearings that he “stopped” her. Finally, in the suppression hearing, he testified that he intended to stop her and he conceded that her reaction to his behavior by pulling over and stopping was reasonable under the circumstances.\n\nHe was the only witness who testified at the suppression hearing.\n\nWe believe that only outcome driven judicial mendacity by the trial judge and the Court of Appeals, aided and abetted by a strong dose of prosecutorial legerdemain in formulating an argument unsupported by the police officer, who was the only witness, could conclude on this set of undisputed facts that Crane-Station voluntarily initiated a citizen-police contact.\n\nAuthor’s disclosure: Crane-Station is my wife. We were married and I was a law professor when this incident intruded into our lives.\n\nCross posted at my new law blog and at the Smirking Chimp." ]

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[ "Children should start learning a new language by 10 to speak proficiently\n\nAccording to several studies, students who are 11-year-old and above can pick up a foreign language but are not so prompt in language fluency or grammar of that language. A key study claimed that 10 is an important cut-off age to begin learning a new language. Some experts also opine that once children cross this cut-off age, it is tough to converse in another foreign language like a native.", null, "At the same time, these experts also feel that teens enjoy an advantage as compared to adults when it is about learning foreign grammar. These findings were put forward on the basis of an analysis done by scientists of the MIT on a quiz that was taken by about 670,000 participants. However, it is a known fact for years now that children are faster in picking up new languages.\n\nThe study though went one step ahead by stating that the grip over a foreign language is better if a person starts learning it as early as possible. There was not much difference noticed between children who began a 10 or started learning the new language at birth. However, there is a marked declined once the cut-off age of 10 is crossed." ]

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[ "What can be better than a refreshing drink to quench your thirst during the hot festival day? When this drink is a nice cold Coca-Cola from a limited edition festival can, of course!", "Fond memories\n\nIt's difficult to imagine that this year's edition of the festival is nothing more than memory - albeit a vivid, fond recollection of all we have experienced together at Woodstock Festival Poland.", "Thank you & and farewell\n\n23rd edition of our beautiful festival drew to an end and we bid farewell to all revelers the only way we know how - with a song!", "Music without borders\n\nThe barriers surrounding the arena in front of the Main Stage of Woodstock Festival Poland have been gradually dismantled allowing for an unobstructed flow of people enjoying the concerts of the last day of the festival. Don't let us down and follow our Rules & Regulations.", "Safety at the festival - day two update.\n\nIt's a day two of our festival! It's safe and love, friendship and music rule!", "The Most Beutiful Festival in the World is now open!\n\nWe have waited all year for this! Woodstock Poland is now officially opened!", "Over 53 thousand PLN donated in support of Woodstock\n\nWe have never expected you - our friends, festival goers, music fans to manifest your support with such a force! We are grateful and overwhelmed by your generous donations.", "Jerzy Owsiak responds to Minister Błaszczak\n\nJerzy Owsiak, the promoter of Woodstock Festival Poland and chairman of the Board of the Great Orchestra of Christmas Charity Foundation responds to the interview given by the Minister of the Interior and Administration regarding the safety at Woodstock Festival Poland.", "Woodstock Festival Poland Highlights from Jurek Owsiak\n\nThe promotor of the festival invites you to relive the most vivid moments of the festival. This time he recalls all things radio at the festival - from the field radio to his own radio show he was able to broadcast from a mobile radio studio on site!", "Woodstock Festival Poland Highlights - Dancing in the Rain\n\nJurek Owsiak recalls the first day of the festival. Despite the rain and cold wind the crowds flocked to the colourful stage to ring in the beginning of the festival.", "Right Off the Bat - a Handful of Updates from Jurek Owsiak\n\nAre you suffering from Woodstock withdrawal? You are not alone - the promoter of the festival has a few updates about the life after the festival.", "First Press Conference of Woodstock Festival Poland\n\nThe stages are here, the campsites are looking beautiful, the tents at the AFA hill are pitched and the festival begins in just a few moments...the organizers and the partners of the festival took a break from their hectic day to speak with the press before we celebrate the beginning of the festivities.", "We're here for you\n\nPeace and Medical Patrol briefing is behind us. We're here to ensure your safety and to help organize the 22nd Woodstock Festival Poland.", "One Last Vlog Before We Leave for Kostrzyn...\n\nAs the entire office is busy packing for the festival (and we need to take much more than some wellington boots and waterproof jacket!) we are sending you some updates from the promotor of the festival.", "A Handful of Useful Infromation from Jurek\n\nAre you packing for Woodstock? Read on for useful weather and organizational tips from the festival promoter and the driving force behind the festival organization!", null, "Jurek Owsiak Announces a New Radio Show\n\nThe legendary promoter of the festival and the driving force behind the charitable work of the GOCC foundation will present a new, music-packed radio show on Mondays!" ]

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[ null, "Oz : Around Australia on a Triumph, Motorbike Adventures 3 Paperback\n\nby GEOFF HILL, Colin O'Carroll\n\nKangaroos, dingoes and killer wombats are just some of the challenges Geoff and Colin and their trusty Triumph motorcyles face on this crazy 15,000-mile biker road trip around Australia.", null, null, null ]

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[ "Hawker Siddeley was a group of British manufacturing companies engaged in aircraft production. Hawker Siddeley combined the legacies of several British aircraft manufacturers, emerging through a series of mergers and acquisitions as one of only two such major British companies in the 1960s. In 1977, Hawker Siddeley became a founding component of the nationalised British Aerospace (BAe). Hawker Siddeley also operated in other industrial markets, such as locomotive building (through its ownership of Brush Traction) and diesel engine manufacture (through its ownership of Lister Petter). The Company was once a constituent of the FTSE 100 Index.\n\nHawker Siddeley Aircraft was formed in 1935 as a result of the purchase by Hawker Aircraft of the companies of J. D. Siddeley, the automotive and engine builder Armstrong Siddeley and the aircraft manufacturer Armstrong Whitworth Aircraft.[1] At this time, Hawker Siddeley also acquired A.V. Roe & Company (Avro), Gloster Aircraft Company (Gloster) and Air Training Services.[1] The constituent companies continued to produce their own aircraft designs under their own name as well as sharing manufacturing work throughout the group.\n\nDuring the Second World War, Hawker Siddeley was one of the United Kingdom's most important aviation concerns, producing numerous designs including the famous Hawker Hurricane fighter plane that, along with the Supermarine Spitfire, was Britain's front-line defence in the Battle of Britain.[1] During this campaign, Hurricanes outnumbered all other British fighters, combined, in service and were responsible for shooting down 55 percent of all enemy aircraft destroyed.\n\nAvro Canada\n\nIn 1945, the Hawker Siddeley purchased Victory Aircraft of Malton, Ontario, Canada from the Canadian government, renaming the company A.V. Roe Canada, commonly known as Avro Canada, initially a wholly owned subsidiary of Hawker Siddeley.[2] Avro Canada underwent a major expansion through aircraft development and acquisition of aircraft engine, mining, steel, railway rolling stock, computers, electronics, and other businesses to become, by 1958, Canada's third largest company directly employing over 14,000 people and providing 45% of the parent company's revenues.[3] During its operation, Avro Canada aircraft (built) included the C102 Jetliner, CF-100 Canuck, CF-105 Arrow and VZ-9- AV Avrocar. Only the CF-100 fighter entered full-scale production.[2] Other design projects (not built) included supersonic transport (SST) passenger aircraft, a mach-2 VTOL fighter, hovercraft, a jet engine-powered tank, and the hypersonic Space Threshold Vehicle.[4] After the cancellation of the Arrow, the company began to unravel. In 1962, A.V. Roe Canada was dissolved and the remaining assets were transferred to the now defunct Hawker Siddeley Canada.[2]\n\nFile:Raf hawk t1a xx205 arp.jpg\nRoyal Air Force Hawker Siddeley Hawk T.1A, with its pilot. This aircraft, used for aerobatic displays, is in a special colour scheme.\n\nIn 1948, the company name was changed to Hawker Siddeley Group. The aircraft division would become Hawker Siddeley Aviation (HSA) and the guided missile and space technology operations as Hawker Siddeley Dynamics (HSD). In 1959, the aero engine business, Armstrong Siddeley was merged with that of the Bristol Aero Engines to form Bristol Siddeley.[1] In the late 1950s, the British government decided that with the decreasing number of aircraft contracts being offered, it was better to merge the existing companies, of which there were about 15 surviving at this point, into several much larger firms. Out of this decision, came the \"order\" that all future contracts being offered had to include agreements to merge companies. In 1959, Folland Aircraft was acquired, followed by de Havilland Aircraft Company[1] and Blackburn Aircraft in 1960. In 1963, the names of the constituent companies were dropped, with products being rebranded as \"Hawker Siddeley\" or \"HS\". In this period, the company developed the first operational, and, by far, the most successful VTOL jet aircraft, the Harrier family.[1] This aircraft remained in production into the 1990s and remains in service.\n\nExpansion into railways\n\nIn 1957, Hawker Siddeley purchased the Brush group of companies that included Brush Electrical Machines, and Brush Traction who manufacture electromotive equipment and railway locomotives.[5] The Brush prototype locomotives Falcon and the futuristic but over-weight HS4000 'Kestrel' were produced here. Other railway engineering assets were acquired, including Westinghouse Brake & Signal[6] and the engine builder Mirrlees Blackstone, which came with the Brush businesses.[7]\n\nCaboose built in the Hawker Siddeley plant of Thunder Bay, Ontario[8]\n\nIn the early 1970s Hawker Siddeley's Canada Car and Foundry subsidiary began to build rapid transit vehicles for the North American market. The first order was for the Port Authority Trans-Hudson line and consisted of 46 PA-3 cars numbers 724-769, which were largely based on the original hexagonal profile PA-1 & PA-2 cars designed and built by the St. Louis Car Company during 1966-67. Later Hawker Siddeley would sell the same general design to the MBTA in Boston for their Blue and Orange Lines. 70 48' cars were delivered to the Blue Line in 1978–80[9] and 120 65' cars were delivered to the Orange Line in 1980–81.[10] Hawker Siddeley also manufactured much of the Toronto subway system's older rolling stock, the H5 and H6 models. The heavy rail manufacturing business, based in Mississauga and Thunder Bay, Ontario, are now part of Bombardier Transportation.\n\nMBTA also bought a number of commuter rail coaches from the German firm Messerschmitt, teaming up Hawker Siddeley with its old wartime rival under the same organisation.\n\nNationalisation of aircraft production\n\nOn 29 April 1977, as a result of the Aircraft and Shipbuilding Industries Act 1977, Hawker Siddeley Aviation and Dynamics were nationalised and merged with British Aircraft Corporation (BAC) and Scottish Aviation to form British Aerospace.[1] However, HSA and HSD accounted for only 25% of the Hawker Siddeley business by this time, and the non-aviation and foreign interests were retained by a holding company known as 'Hawker Siddeley Group Plc after 1980.\n\nRationalisation and sale to BTR\n\nThe group rationalised in the 1980s, focusing on railway engineering and signalling, industrial electronics and instrumentation and signalling equipment.\n\nOrenda Aerospace, the only remaining original company from the Avro Canada / Hawker Siddeley Canada era, although greatly diminished in size and scope of operations, became part of the Magellan Aerospace Corporation.[11]\n\nThe late 1980s also saw Hawker Siddeley divest itself of much of its other North American heavy manufacturing enterprises. Its Talladega, Alabama-based TreeFarmer heavy equipment business was sold to Franklin Equipment in 1990[12] and its Canadian rail car production facilities were split between SNC-Lavalin and Bombardier in 1992.[13]\n\nIn 1992, Hawker Siddeley Group Plc was acquired by BTR plc for £1.5bn.[14]\n\nHawker Siddeley name today\n\nIn 1973, HS acquired the industrial electronics firm South Wales Switchgear. Later known as Aberdare Holdings, in 1992 this company was renamed Hawker Siddeley Switchgear (HSS).[15] They have an Australian subsidiary, Hawker Siddeley Switchgear Australia. Another company which retains the name is Hawker Siddeley Power Transformers.[16]\n\nIn 1993, British Aerospace sold its corporate jet product line to the American Raytheon Aircraft Company. In 2006 the product line was sold to a new company to be known as Hawker Beechcraft, owned by Onex Partners and Goldman Sachs.[17]", null, "A Hawker Siddeley Trident.\n\nThe Hawker Siddeley name was not used to brand aircraft until 1963. Prior to this, aircraft were produced under the name of the subsidiary company (e.g. Hawker Hurricane, Hawker Sea Hawk, Gloster Javelin, Gloster Meteor). First flight date is in parentheses.\n\nMissiles and rockets\n\nSpace hardware\n\nHeavy Equipment\n\nHawker Siddeley Canada\n\nHS Canadian unit produced rail cars, transit vehicles, engines (aircraft and ship):" ]

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[ null, "Algorithmic Foundations of Robotics X pp 89-104 | Cite as\n\nFrom Discrete to Continuous Motion Planning\n\nPart of the Springer Tracts in Advanced Robotics book series (STAR, volume 86)\n\nIn this paper, we demonstrate an equivalence between a large class of discrete motion planning problems, and piano mover’s problems, which we refer to as ”continuous motion planning problems”. We first prove that under some assumptions, discrete motion planning in d dimensions can be transformed into continuous motion planning in 2d + 1 dimensions. Then we prove a more specific, similar equivalence for which the number of dimensions of the configuration space does not necessarily have to be increased.We study two simple cases where this theorem applies, and show that it can lead to original and efficient motion planning algorithms, which could probably be applied to a wide range of multi-contact planning problems.We apply this equivalence to a simulation of legged locomotion planning for a hexapod robot." ]

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[ null, "This is my first time reading a Louisa Luna novel. Two Girls Down is an intense investigative suspense that follows Alice Vega and Max Caplan as they search for two missing girls. They disappeared nearly without a trace, but Vega's clever skills get the ball rolling in the right direction.\n\nI was really impressed with the flow of the story as it follows Cap and Vega tracking down leads and looking for any possible connections. They run in circles until the breaking lead comes to light. What also made their investigation so compelling was the characters themselves. Vega is like a machine, running on fumes and determination to close her case. On the other hand, Cap can't leave his cop past behind and holds tightly to his anger. He uses his skills to charm their suspects into speaking while Vega has to hold back from assaulting everyone. At first, I was a bit disappointed in her character for being too single-minded and brash. However, as the story progressed I realized her character has layers and a pain filled past that somewhat explains her behavior. Also, it worked out because Vega and Cap complement each other in ways that make the story more seamless.\n\nThe writing style is unique and really allows you to hear the voice of the characters. I am definitely looking forward to more from Lousia Luna and I would not be upset to see more about this duo!" ]

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[ null, "Disa is amazingly cuddly lately. I mean, she is always cuddly with me, but these days, she wants everyone to pet her belly. I know that belly really, really well, and I’m pretty convinced there’s a bunch of babies in there right now. I wonder how many? The last time she and Bjarki had babies, there were seven, which is a lot of pups, but she handled it pretty well." ]

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[ "Two things that are underrated: coaches, and staycations. Staycations because when you live somewhere as small and as ordinarily rainy as the UK, going elsewhere in the same country never seems as exciting or adventurous as going abroad. And coaches, because normal buses are rubbish and coaches are just like buses, aren’t they? Well, sort of, but no, actually.\n\nWith a few weeks to go until our next trip to the continent, me and my partner in crime decided to take a mini adventure to Cambridge at the weekend – a place I’ve hardly ever been, even though it’s so close to Norwich, where I live. I’ve passed through it on the train plenty of times, but places lose their appeal when your main experience of them is waiting on a cold platform in a huff because there was a delay somewhere and you’ve missed your connection.", "Which brings us to our chosen method of transport for the trip – le coach. I am all about ride sharing and public transport options and trying to make your travels as eco-friendly as you can, while still getting around. But I often dive straight for the train when I’m planning to get somewhere via shared transport, even though trains have made me late for all kinds of important events and once, a friend of mine had to go all the way to Liverpool on a train without a single working toilet. Boo.\n\nNational Express coaches have gotten some serious upgrades since I last travelled this way, and they offer much faster routes than I remember. (Hello, journeys to Leicester that are faster than getting the train – oh you know I’ve got my eye on you…) They’re also now the most eco-friendly method of public transport you can take – seriously! A coach creates five times less Co2 per passenger than the average car journey, and the majority of National Express’s vehicles are new enough that they’re up to Euro 6 emissions standard. Rad.\n\nWe stepped out of the boiling summer sun and into some much-needed air con just after 9am at Norwich bus station, and I immediately found about half a dozen reasons I liked the day’s transport better than the train. To name a few of them:\n\nOf course, the other key thing is that on a coach, you’re actually guaranteed a seat and space for your bags. If only rail services could find it in themselves to manage this mystical state of being.", "Vegan brunching in Cambridge\n\nWe got to Cambridge at the perfect time for brunch – although arguably, most of the time it’s the perfect time for brunch (said every middle class white girl ever). So for our first stop, it was off to Stem and Glory. There are two Stem and Glory venues in Cambridge now, but the King Street offering was only a short stroll from the coach drop-off point, so naturally that’s the one we picked.\n\n(The coach drop-off was at the side of a park called Parker’s Piece, which happens to be where the Cambridge Thai Festival was being held – more on that in a minute)\n\nIf you search for “vegan food in Cambridge” you’ll find a fair few recommendations for Stem and Glory, and they aren’t misplaced. Though there may not be anything groundbreaking about a vegan cafe that sells smashed avocado and scrambled tofu on sourdough toast, these guys do what they do very well and without the food being overpriced.\n\nThey’re adding a mushroom Bahn Mi to the menu imminently and I’m gutted I couldn’t try it while we were there – but if you get the chance to visit their Chesterton Road branch, you’ll find a much more extensive menu that’s served late into the evening, while King Street’s focus is on brunch and lunch.", "The Cambridge Thai Festival\n\nI’d completely forgotten that there was an event happening over the weekend of our trip, but as we stepped off the coach and straight into the park where the Cambridge Thai Festival – aka Magic of Thailand – was happening, we couldn’t exactly miss it.\n\nHaving travelled around Thailand in 2015 and again in 2016, the festival genuinely brought back loads of happy memories for me – and apparently I was walking around looking like a kid at Christmas taking in everything that was going on.", "While the food stalls weren’t exactly loaded with vegan cuisine (or even vegetarian – which is sort of surprising given how much amazing veggie food there is in Thailand) we did get to stuff our faces on deep fried bananas, and killed some time floating around the minimart stalls looking at such delights as ‘pickled young grape’ and Thai sweet basil flavoured crisps.  Delish.\n\nFor £4 entry there were Muay Thai demonstrations, traditional dancing, a ladyboy show and a couple of other live shows that we missed because we left to do other things – but the festival tours the country and I’ll definitely be heading along when it comes to Norwich in September, to buy some of the Thai homewares we were ogling in the sun. (And maybe to get another Thai massage, once I’m psychologically prepared to be gently beaten up by a stranger in the name of curing backache.)", "Obligatory punting tour of the college backs\n\nFor our next stop, punting. Because you can’t go to Cambridge and not go punting. It’s probably a law. Do not be deterred by the fact that this is a very touristy thing to do – or by the absolute carnage of a boardwalk being organised by a lot of overworked university students who’ve all got a bit of a hangover. It’s worth it.\n\nAs far as I can tell, every punting company offers cheaper prices if you book online, but there’s no need to do tonnes of pre-planning. We booked while we were having brunch and showed up a few hours later with our confirmation, hopped on a boat within 20 minutes despite the vast queues left, right and centre and bobbed on off to an absolutely hilarious 45-minute trip. We went for Rutherford’s because they were the cheapest option we could see for an on-the-day booking, and I’d highly recommend using them if you go.", "A tour of The Backs is a very relaxing way to spend an afternoon, learning a bit of Cambridge history paired with tongue-in-cheek humour and to top it all, it turns out there’s a Pimms bar boat that goes up and down the route selling strawberries, prosecco and of course, Pimms, to punters passing by.\n\nI will say that any desire we’d had to self-hire and self-punt went right out of the window when we saw people valiantly trying to do it themselves. Those people all looked full of regret. By all means get a private hire if you’re a big group and don’t want to share with strangers, but for the love all things good in the world, let a professional do the punting.", "Late Lunch at The Old Bicycle Shop\n\nYou might be wondering why a person would need lunch if they’d had brunch, but we arrived at The Old Bicycle Shop about 20 minutes before the dinner menu started and far too hungry to wait. It was epic, and I would absolutely eat here again.\n\nWhile this isn’t a vegan venue, a lot of their menu is vegan-friendly – from the craft ciders right down to the Posh Kebabs. There’s a nice little outside seating space, and the food is clearly very carefully thought out – though I have to say the service was a little lacking during our visit.\n\nWe started off with a sharing platter that was made up entirely of delicious eats – sweet chilli baked aubergine, seitan bites, chickpea pancakes with white bean houmous and some cracking onion bhajis (among other things). By the end of that we were already starting to feel full, but ploughed valiantly on into two jackfruit ‘kebabs’ which were also epically tasty, and some of which I had to bring home because I was too stuffed to eat.\n\nThe only let down of this otherwise brilliant venue was that after the mains came out, we got totally, utterly forgotten about. I’m pretty sure we could have left without paying and no-one would have noticed. I heard someone saying there was a big party upstairs inside somewhere, but when it’s been 40 minutes since you finished eating and you haven’t even seen a server, you have to question whether the big party is enough of an excuse. Better luck next time?", "a snoozy journey home\n\nAfter hanging out with some friendly strangers in one of Cambridge’s many parks, we jumped back on a coach from the city centre and revelled in our return to air con life. As it was late in the evening by the time we made our way back, our second National Express coach was in what I’m calling Night Mode – bright white lights off, groovy blue low lights on so that everyone could get some kip.\n\nMe being me, I mostly spent the return journey charging my phone and uploading photos of my food to Instagram, but Chris made the most of the comfy seats by sleeping through just about the entire thing.\n\nAll in all, Cambridge was wicked and I am now totally sold on both coach travel and on doing more UK trips. I’ve said before that I don’t know the cities in this country as well as I know ones on the other side of the world, so watch this space while I start working on that!", "A big thank you to National Express for kindly providing us with the coach tickets that got us to Cambridge and back – there was no obligation for me to say anything in particular about their services, but I genuinely really rate them and all mentions in this post are an honest review / my own opinions.", null, null, null, null ]

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[ null, "Rochester's classical music audiences are accustomed to visits from celebrated international guest conductors and soloists. But an entire orchestra stopping by the Eastman Theatre? That's a decidedly uncommon occurrence. This Friday, the Toronto Symphony Orchestra, led by its music director, Peter Oundjian, will perform works by J.S. Bach and Dmitri Shostakovich — two composers RPO fans have not yet heard in the current Philharmonics season. Canadian pianist and Bach specialist Angela Hewitt will join the orchestra for the Baroque composer's Keyboard Concerto No. 1 and No. 5. Originally written for harpsichord, Hewitt will perform these arresting, elegant pieces on the piano. The concert will close with Shostakovich's Symphony No. 8,  a grand yet unsettling work in which the elegance is tempered with a sense of menace and dread.\n\nThe Toronto Symphony Orchestra and Angela Hewitt will perform Friday, April 15, at Eastman Theatre's Kodak Hall, 60 Gibbs Street. 8 p.m. $25-$85. 454-2100; eastmantheatre.org; tso.ca." ]

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[ "Bonny Doon's new single 'A Lotta Things' is despondent and we love it\n\nby Jerilyn Jordan\n\nFebruary 15, 2018 at 1:40 PM", null, "Last year, Detroit indie rockers Bonny Doon delivered an achingly self-aware self-titled debut that bummed us out in the best possible way.\n\nThey return with the second single from their upcoming record Longwave due out March 23 (Woodsist Records). \"A Lotta Things\" debuted on Noisey today and let's just say we've totally been there.\n\n\"I should be happy/but I'm not/I should be grateful, I know/but I'm not,\" Doon's Bill Lennox delivers with a shrugging sense of acceptance. \"I'm faking my own death so I can get some rest/I know, I thought of everything.\" Paired with lamenting guitar, patient percussions, and a veil of unresolved regret make \"A Lotta Things\" feel like a playful punch to the gut.\n\nLennox told Noisey that he likes the song's simple message, “like a feeling of this sort of cosmic uncertainty that a lot of people I know are now experiencing in their mid-to-late 20s. We're always looking for more fulfillment and to feel .”\n\nListen to the latest from Bonny Doon below. To preorder Longwave click here.\n\nBonny Doon will play a free show at El Club on Sunday, Feb. 18 with  at 6 p.m.; 4114 W. Vernor Hwy., Detroit; 313-279-7382; elclubdetroit.com." ]

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[ null, "There are 57 days until Fiesta 2016 kicks off (how are we supposed to wait that long?), and the Fiesta medals are already rolling in. One that's caught my eye thus far was shared this morning by local food blogger Garrett Heath of SA Flavor (not to be confused with the SA Current Flavor taking place this March 24).\n\nHeath, who released a barbacoa and Big Red medal for Fiesta 2015 is a huge fan of yearly celebration of all things SA. For this year's medal, the Racker hand-drew chicken on a stick and had it finessed by the same designers who print SA Flavor T-shirts. The medal even has a bit of texture over the chicken breast — \"I told them I wanted the chicken to be crispy,\" he says —  to give it an extra bit of tasty authenticity.\n\nThe chicken on a stick medals are on sale now and can be yours for $6. Pre-order the matching T-shirt and medal combo for $26." ]

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[ null, "Trump: Khan has 'no right' to claims\n\nBy the looks of Donald Trump's Twitter feed, you might think he is running against CNN, not Hillary Clinton.\n\nOn Monday afternoon Trump fired off six tweets in a row attacking CNN's news coverage and accusing the network of being the \"press shop for Hillary Clinton.\"\n\nHe commented that \"people believe CNN these days almost as little as they believe Hillary....that's really saying something!\"\n\nLater Monday, he returned to the subject again with three new tweets accusing the network of biased coverage.\n\nIt is unclear if Trump personally posted the messages or if a campaign staffer posted them under his name.\n\nSome of the anti-CNN tweets were posted at the exact same time the network was televising an interview with a high-profile Clinton critic -- Pat Smith, the mother of an American who was killed during the terrorist attack in Benghazi, Libya, in 2012. But Trump made no mention of that.\n\nThe tweets came just a couple of hours before CNN was due to release a new national poll about the presidential race, leading to speculation that perhaps Trump was pre-emptively assailing CNN in an attempt to discredit the poll results.\n\nThe timing was also noteworthy because Trump has been playing defense for days amid widespread coverage of Khizr Khan's anti-Trump speech at the Democratic National Convention.\n\nKhan, the father of a Muslim-American Army captain slain in Iraq in 2004, repudiated Trump and paid tribute to his son in the Thursday night speech.\n\nKhan's speech -- and Trump's critical comments about the Khan family -- have been a top story on CNN and other channels ever since.\n\nTrump has repeatedly claimed that he does not watch CNN, but his tweets seem to hint otherwise.\n\nOn July 17, he said \"I don't watch,\" but one week later, after the Republican convention, he wrote, \"The @CNN panels are so one sided, almost all against Trump. @FoxNews is so much better and the ratings are much higher. Don't watch CNN!\"\n\nThen the Democratic convention happened and Khan's speech made news. On Sunday evening Trump tweeted, \"Wow, it is unbelievable how distorted, one-sided and biased the media is against us. The failing @nytimes is a joke. @CNN is laughable!\"\n\nRelated: Standoff? Commission defends debate schedule amid Trump complaints\n\nOn Monday morning he tweeted a fresh complaint about Khan \"viciously\" attacking him at the same time Khan was on CNN.\n\nThen on Monday afternoon, shortly before taking the stage at a town hall event in Ohio, Trump lashed out in his tweetstorm of sorts.\n\n\"CNN anchors are completely out of touch with everyday people worried about rising crime, failing schools and vanishing jobs,\" he wrote.\n\nHe asked if CNN would \"send its cameras to the border to show the massive unreported crisis now unfolding -- or are they worried it will hurt Hillary?\"\n\nIn fact, CNN and other news outlets have covered border issues in depth for years.\n\nTrump also asked, \"When will we see stories from CNN on Clinton Foundation corruption and Hillary's pay-for-play at State Department?\"\n\nCNN has published numerous investigations into Clinton controversies, including issues involving the family foundation and connections between foundation donors and State Department activities. So have many other news outlets.\n\nSome of CNN's stories about these subjects have quoted Trump.\n\nAt the rally on Monday afternoon, Trump said he is refusing to grant any interviews with CNN, calling the channel's reporting dishonest, and saying Fox News has been better.\n\nFor more than a month, Trump has been appearing regularly on Fox and eschewing most other TV network interview requests.\n\nAccusations of media bias tend to rally Trump supporters to his side.\n\nMonday's tweetstorm was just the latest salvo in a year-long anti-media campaign by Trump. The GOP nominee has taken media criticism to new heights -- or new lows, depending on your perspective. He frequently uses the news media as a foil during his speeches and interviews.\n\nLast week, he aroused a crowd by falsely claiming that CNN had turned off its camera in the back of the room.\n\nThe anti-media messaging, while effective with Trump's base of supporters, may get in the way of his other general campaign themes.\n\nJournalist Justin Green of Independent Journal called Trump's CNN complaints \"exhausting\" in a tweet on Monday.\n\nHe noted that \"7 out of Trump's 15 tweets in last 24 hours have been about CNN.\"" ]

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[ "With Halloween fast approaching, I decided to take a look back at some of the most terrifying books in history. Horror movies can thrill and cause some jump-scares, but the true terrors comes from what the human mind can imagine.  The following books all portray that and more…\n\nThe Haunting of Hill House", null, "Shirley Jackson’s chilling, lean haunted house tale follows Eleanor Vance, a young woman with a bit of a sensitivity for the paranormal. Along with Dr. John Montague, a paranormal investigator, a young artist named Theodora and Hill House heir Luke Sanderson, Eleanor examines the cold, labyrinthine old mansion. The rooms seem to shift, the architecture makes no sense, and even without the ghosts—and oh, there are quite likely ghosts—it’s an unsettling visit. But the heart of the mansion isn’t necessarily the terror drummed up within its walls. What’s most troubling is its ultimate effect on the young Eleanor, whose steadily declining mental state hits a dead end behind the gates of Hill House in one of the most perfect conclusions in all of horror fiction.\n\nHouse of Leaves", null, "The story within a story in House of Leaves would have been unsettling enough: a family moves into a house and slowly discovers that the inside is somehow larger than the outside. But Mark Z. Danielewski’s ambitions are much, much higher. House of Leaves is told in myriad ways, including layers of footnotes, sections with color-blocked words, fake interviews with real celebrities and passages that require you to transcribe the first letter of each sentence to reveal another chapter hidden within. The mounting terror of the Navidson family is all embedded within the story of a young tattoo artist losing his grip on reality.", null, "Several of King’s books could be on this list, but he frequently blunts the terror of his stories with the richness and humanity of his characterizations and the sprawl of his narratives. Pet Sematary manages to be his most terrifying novel by  its simple, devastating concept: a magical cemetery where buried things come back to a sort-of life—but aren’t quite what they once were. From that simple idea King ramps up to a climax that gets under your skin in a fundamental way most horror stories fail to.", null, "Even now, generations removed from the publication of Daphne du Maurier’s gothic classic, the name Rebecca conjures up untold chilling imagery. The scariest aspects of Rebecca are those things that are left unsaid – from the lack of a name for the narrator to the mystery behind the titular character’s gloomy death. And the questions posed in the novel and the lies that prop up a supposedly perfect marriage keep on haunting the reader to the bitter end. As for the housekeeper, the evil Mrs Danvers… well, let’s not go there.", null, "Helplessness is a key factor in a lot of horror; most people labor under the delusion that they are in charge of their destiny and their lives, and horror is often effective simply by reminding us how little control we actually have. An epidemic of blindness leaves an entire city’s population secluded in a mental institution as society within and without crumbles. The brutality and descent into animalistic madness is all too realistic, and Saramago manages to capture the terrifying confusion and helplessness experienced by people in a society that no longer functions.\n\nSomething Wicked this Way Comes", null, "Something Wicked This Way Comes embodies what makes Bradbury so influential in the world of the dark fantastic. Something Wicked deals in that particular childhood fear of growing older and away from youthful innocence. A traveling carnival brings tempting delights and sinister frights, and readers young and old should find this one to be a timeless autumnal classic.\n\nThe Exorcist", null, "Inspired by real events, Blatty’s story of demonic possession and exorcism cuts right to the quick. When 12-year-old girl Regan MacNeil starts to behave irrationally her mother soon realises that she has been possessed by evil spirits and turns to the church for help. The manner in which the priests Father Merrin and Karras fight to rid Regan of the demon is unforgettable.\n\nGhost Story", null, "Despite it’s simple name, Ghost Story is a truly terrifying tale. Five old friends gather regularly to trade ghost stories, but when one of them dies mysteriously and the survivors begin to dream of their own deaths, a secret from their past is revealed—and the simple pleasures of a ghost story are explored to their most frightening ends by a master of the form.", null, "The novel based on the Indiana murder case of Sylvia Likens, follows single mother, alcoholic and next-door neighbor Ruth, who takes in two nieces after their parents die in a car accident. Ruth’s rapidly deteriorating state creates a hellish environment for the nieces and her own kids alike, and The Girl Next Door will make you think twice about handing your kids off to anyone.\n\nRosemary’s Baby", null, "Rosemary’s Baby is often cited as the first major spark that ignited the horror boom, giving rise to most of the other titles on this list. If you’ve seen Roman Polanski’s film, then you know the story well: a young couple moves into a new apartment building, and there’s more to the kindly old neighbors than one might assume. Rosemary’s going to have a baby, you see, and everyone is very excited for the new arrival.\n\nWhat did you think of the titles in our list? Are there any other books we should have included? Let us know in the comments below and HAPPY READING!", "Discovery Map\n\nBroadcast History", "American Top 40 with Ryan Seacrest", "Weekend Throwdown with Jagger\n\nPet of the Week: Jasmine", null ]

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[ null, "How many times can Joaquin Castro bash Donald Trump in less than five minutes?\n\nA lot, turns out. While he wasn’t given the prime Democratic National Convention speaking slot his twin brother got four years ago, the San Antonio Congressman delivered one of the many short speeches leading up to Hillary Clinton’s address Thursday night. And in a pretty short amount of time, Castro managed to cram in lines about his family’s roots in Mexico, a jab at Ted Cruz (who he’s apparently considering challenging in 2018) and his support for both cops and Black Lives Matter, all while mocking some of the most absurd moments of Trump’s rise to the top of the Republican Party ticket.\n\nLike how Trump launched his campaign by calling Mexican immigrants criminals and “rapists.” Castro responded by citing his family history, how in 1922 his grandmother became one such immigrant. “She wasn’t a rapist or a murderer,” he said. “She was a six year old orphan,” who as a girl walked past storefront signs that read “no dogs or Mexicans allowed.”\n\nCastro talked about other immigrants who put up with racism and worked hard in the hope that America would offer their children and grandchildren something better. Like Japanese Americans thrown in internment camps during World War II, “the same camps Donald Trump has defended,” Castro said. (In reality, it's not so much that Trump defended the camps but rather that he refused to condemn them, instead offering up this curious line: \"I certainly hate the concept of it. But I would have had to be there at the time to give you a proper answer.\")\n\nCastro then referenced Trump’s comments that the judge overseeing the lawsuit against Trump University (which the New York Attorney General has called “straight up fraud”) presents “an absolute conflict” because he’s “of Mexican heritage.” Then, pivoting to national security, Castro insisted you can keep America safe and still welcome the next generation of immigrants “without a religious litmus test,” referencing Trump’s call to bar all muslims from entering the country.\n\nSee the whole speech below:" ]

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[ "That’s a classic line from the 1967 movie “The Graduate.” And some 50 years later, a South Side community is making that prediction come true.\n\nA training program and manufacturing plant are up and running that are not only providing high-demand plastic products but also giving community residents hands-on experience in specialized jobs that are the future of manufacturing.\n\nTonight: The story of BSD Industries.\n\nRelated stories:", null, "Chicago Ranked Second-Best Prospect For New Amazon Headquarters\n\nOct. 3: A new report ranks Chicago’s chances of landing a massive new Amazon location as high—but will the costs be worth it?", null, "Green Job Training, Conservation Efforts Threatened by Federal Cuts\n\nAug. 17: Along Wolf Lake on Chicago’s Southeast Side lies the only Illinois state park within city limits, where visitors can find fishing spots, biking trails – and invasive species.", null, "Growing Clean Economy Can Bring More Jobs to Chicago, Report Says\n\nMay 24: The clean economy: What is it, and how is Chicago faring? A new report tells the story." ]

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[ "Original reporting and thought pieces on the technology of privacy and data protection.", null, "Revamped solution helps marketing teams comply with privacy laws Ryan Chiavetta, CIPP/US\nIt is no secret that with the deluge of privacy regulation emerging around the world, privacy technology solutions have been sprouting up in response to help tackle compliance efforts for a variety of industries and organizations. One vendor, however, wants to offer a tool for a department it claim...", null, "Credit card company offers virtual payment numbers", null, null, "Privacy's presence felt at Black Hat USA 2018", null, "ICO launches second round of privacy research funding", "New solution tackles gathering mobile, IoT consent", "UX solution allows companies to create streamlined privacy notices\n\nRyan Chiavetta, CIPP/US\nWhile conducting demos of their ConsentCheq solution, PrivacyCheq Co-Founders Roy Smith and Dale Smith, CIPT, were constantly running into a problem. Clients would tell them they liked ConsentCheq’s ability to develop privacy notices, but the solution would conflict with other systems already in pla...", null, "Is product design for effortless privacy on the march?\n\nAllon Bar\nPrivacy is hot. Well, not quite as hot as summer reading on a sizzling beach, but with the advent of the EU General Data Protection Regulation, it certainly is in the spotlight. Companies are adapting their privacy policies to meet regulatory needs ... full inbox anyone? At the same time, there are ...", null, "This app uses time and location to secure communications\n\nVendors are always looking for new ways to solve existing problems. This is not a groundbreaking revelation by any stretch of the imagination, but it is always worth pointing out when something different makes its way in to the market. One of those new solutions is Hotshot, a messaging app using a ...", null, "FPF launches Israel Tech Policy Institute\n\nWhen the Future of Privacy Forum decided to open up its first regional office, there was debate as to where would be the best location. They could have chosen New York, or perhaps Silicon Valley, areas that may initially pop into your mind when thinking about technology. FPF CEO Jules Polonetsky, C..." ]

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[ "Joy shall be yours in the morning\n\nDecember 29, 2010", null, "It’s that time of year again, when we deal with Christmas leftovers. It occurred to me this year that a solo woman can’t sing Let It Snow.  No evolution of gender relations has yet changed the fact that these Sammy Cahn lines:\n\nWhen we finally kiss goodnight\n\nHow I’ll hate going out in the storm!\n\nBut if you’ll really hold me tight\n\nAll the way home I’ll be warm\n\nevoke an image of a man traveling home from his lady friend’s place through the cold.  If a female’s traveling through the snow, alone, well, it’s too pitiful to think about. On the other hand, in Frank Loesser’s Baby It’s Cold Outside, the Wolf (as he’s called in the sheet music) is using the weather as an excuse to get the Mouse (as she’s called in the sheet music) to stay.  “No cabs to be had out there” indeed! Loesser, my favorite songwriter, wrote that duet for him and his wife to perform at parties, later stuck it in a film and won an Oscar for it.  Having to do with cold (I guess – I really think it has to do with something else), it gets played at Christmastime.  But not as frequently as his What Are You Doing New Year’s Eve?  That would frost him.  The whole idea behind the song was to do a joke about love at first sight.  A pair of characters meet in the springtime, and the guy instantly asks the gal what she’s doing New Year’s Eve, sure their romance will still be running hot on December 31.  If you sing the song in December, that idea goes unexpressed, and the song’s no longer funny. Loesser did write a haunting carol, Greenwillow Christmas, but no one ever plays that (besides me).  I’ve even heard one of his most famous songs, If I Were a Bell, on a Christmas album, just because of the mention of bells.  If you’re going to do that, you might as well throw in Maltby & Shire’s I Hear Bells Of musical theatre writers working today, Maltby & Shire are my favorites.  I hope the other writers reading this aren’t disappointed.  It would, of course, be a desecration to play their I Don’t Remember Christmas around the holidays.  It’s the angriest song I know. But speaking of desecrations, in rehearsing an appearance at the Bulgarian Embassy, my singer friend found this verse of God Rest Ye, Merry Gentlemen:\n\nNow to the Lord sing praises,\n\nAll you within this place,\n\nAnd with true love and brotherhood\n\nEach other now embrace;\n\nThis holy tide of Christmas\n\nAll others doth deface\n\nOh really… (let me look this up) … Author Unknown?  Is that what you think those who don’t celebrate Christmas are doing on December 25? Hindis wake up that morning, see the big red 25 on their calendar and set about defacing Christmas?  I’m outraged.  I told the singer she should yell out “I’m looking at you, Bhuddists!” before “tidings of comfort and joy.” That Author Unknown guy really riles me. I wrote my first Christmas carol when I was 12, give or take a year, setting what’s called the Carol of the Field Mice from The Wind in the Willows.  And my latest, Christmas In O’Hare was the subject of a previous post.  My recording was part of an on-line holiday concert at the Citizen of the Month blog.  Another entry in that was a video scrapbook that moved me greatly.", "holidays |", "She took away Christmas\n\nActor Christopher Tierney lies in a hospital bed, in serious condition, suffering from broken ribs and internal bleeding.  (I promise, I’ll lighten things up by the end of this post.)  So, that’s how he’ll spend his Christmas; he wanted to spend his Christmas performing on Broadway, doing the job he was hired to do, in the new musical, Spiderman.  Monday night, malfunctioning equipment caused him to fall 20 or 30 feet (reports vary).  The show has been in previews for a few weeks, and this is the fourth serious accident.\n\nI’m pretty upset about this, and I don’t want to be one of those hotheads who gets all riled up and writes intemperate things on the internet.  Plus, I promised to keep leave you with a smile.", null, "The idea of making a musical out of Spiderman is not a terrible one. Superman made for a fairly fun musical, and when I saw the Hollywood flick with Tobey Maguire (or was it Elijah Wood?  I can never tell those two apart), I thought, here’s a superhero story that uses nerdiness and romance.  If handled with charm and vision, witty writers could make a good show out of it.\n\nBut oh, that IF!  In no particular order, here are the top ten things I find disturbing about Spiderman.\n\n1)   It isn’t called Spiderman.  It’s called “Spider-Man: Turn Off the Dark” which, to me, is a turn-off, seemingly emphasizing dark elements of a hero’s twisted soul rather than the fun froth of that halting romance.\n\n2)   At $65,000,000, it is the most expensive show in Broadway history.  The previous record, I believe, was $23,000,000, and of course that show didn’t make that money back.  On my last show, I managed to raise roughly $6,500, and I’m led to this yuletide analogy: Which is better for the environment, constructing the world’s tallest Christmas tree, or planting 10,000 seeds?  All I think when I hear that figure is how else that money might have been spent.\n\n3)    The New York Times’ economics editor estimates that it will be about 4 years before the show even begins to make up its initial investment: ‘Spider-Man’ Economics\n\n4)    Director Julie Taymor is better known for spectacle than story-telling.  Spectacle is the fool’s gold of theatre.  Audiences are used to the special effects of big-budget movies.  Shows that invest in stage magic ape the “wow factor” of an incomparable medium.  It’s much more important that the story be told in a compelling way.  On stage (Juan Darien) and on film (Across the Universe), story-telling appears, to me, to be Taymor’s weak suit.", "Juan Darien\n\n5)    I’ll let you in on a not-so-well-guarded secret: Performers in Taymor’s shows are often in pain.  They’re often carrying huge contraptions, and her other Broadway show keeps a team of masseuses in constant employ to heal the players whose bodies are crumbling under their weight.\n\n6)    The actors have a union, one that was formed to ensure its membership is not mistreated or injured at the worksplace.  First, there was an accident in which an actor broke his feet.  I don’t know that the union was informed, but they let the show go on.  The same stunt then caused another accident in which an actor broke both his wrists.  Two injuries from the same stunt?  Could that be really bad luck?  Then, an actress suffered a concussion.  Is the word “accident” really applicable?  By this point, New York’s Department of Labor and the actors’ union both said they were looking into it.  And also The Occupational Safety and Health Administration.  They’re all allowing the show to go on tonight.  What in hell are they waiting for?\n\n7)    The opening night has been pushed back many times, which means Spiderman previews, to full houses at full prices, for more than two months.  Nowhere in their publicity do they inform the public that they’re seeing an unfinished product.\n\n8)    The public doesn’t care.  A cynic would say that some attend with a bloodlust akin to those who go to auto races hoping to see gory accidents.  But I keep encountering people who are going because they’ve always loved the character or Spiderman, or they’re looking forward to seeing actors fly.  On visible ropes.  Maybe they don’t know they’re visible.\n\n9)    The 1966 musical It’s a Bird…It’s a Plane….It’s Superman! had experienced hands on its creative team.  The director was Harold Prince, who knows a thing or two about refining new musicals.  The score was by Strouse & Adams, who’d had a hit with Bye Bye Birdie and also penned one of my favorite scores, Golden Boy.  Spiderman’s songwriters are extremely famous, but not because they’ve ever done anything on Broadway, or in any theatre at all.  They’re Bono and The Edge, the hit-makers for the wildly popular rock band, U2.  I don’t know why anyone ever makes the assumption that someone who’s successfully written rock music can write a musical.  But this has happened a lot in recent years.  Stars such as Larry Gatlin, Dolly Parton, Stewart Copeland, Randy Newman, Jimmy Buffet, Dennis De Young, The Pet Shop Boys, Paul Simon, Holland-Dozier-and-Holland, Boy George and Jim Steinman “slum” in theatre-land, and folks often go “Cool! I really like their hit songs. I bet they could write a great musical.”\n\n10)  During the preview period for any new musical, writers make tweaks and adjustments.  Songs get cut at the last minute.  Or added at the last minute, as Sondheim’s two most famous numbers, Send in the Clowns and Comedy Tonight, were.  This involves sitting in the audience and seeing how things land, how the people in the seats react.  Bono and the Edge are in Australia right now, performing.  They’ve yet to see their show before a live audience.\n\nStill want to go?  Then you’re just like one of these bears:", "the business |", "Christmastime is here at last\n\nDecember 17, 2010", null, "You deserve some sort of a gift for reading this blog.  And so, I’ve an original Christmas song for you, one that’s unlike any other I’ve heard.  It’s supposed to capture a feeling many of us feel around this time of year.\n\nChristmas In O’Hare\n\nI wrote the music, not the lyric, and it’s exceedingly rare that I collaborate with lyricists.  But this has been an odd year in that respect.  In April I was exhilarated to work on a very quick film project with composer Jihwan Kim.  Then I set Shakespeare’s Twelfth Night songs in two distinct musical styles – seven songs in all.  Only two got performed: Dixieland-flavored ones in an Ed Berkeley production set in New Orleans.  I got hired to set other people’s lyrics; one of these was for a drag act.  I also composed a song for DJ Salisbury‘s marvelous play, Perfect European Man, which was in the Fresh Fruit Festival.  Then when Tom Carrozza implored me to take another look at a lyric I’d declined to set years ago, it seems my collaborative wheels were already greased.  I wrote it fairly quickly, then forgot about it.\n\nSo, when studio time was being scheduled I said “What song?” because I’d literally forgotten I’d written it.\n\nWhen I accompany a live singer, there’s always give-and-take with the tempo.  For dramatic effect, performers speed up or slow down, and I go with them.  On this, the singer hadn’t learned the song when we did the recording session, so there wasn’t a well-thought-out rendition with rhythmic freedom to adjust to.  So, to put down a living breathing accompaniment track, I had to provide a vocal.  Eventually, my vocal will be replaced and my accompaniment will turn into some wild orchestration.  But in time for this Christmas, you have me singing to my track.\n\nLet me know how you like it.", "Uncategorized | Tagged: my songs to hear |", "Playing at the palace\n\nThe Times Square of my youth was a den of thieves: pick-pockets, three-card-monte sharks, bogus blind beggars and prostitutes.  Their victims were usually tourists.  Out to stop them were cops, some in plain-clothes, and churchy types, sometimes in uniform.  And there were horse-players, like my uncle, singing in counterpoint.\n\nTimes Square today is nothing like that.  It’s a pedestrian mall, jam-packed with tourists 24/7 and it’s the one neighborhood in New York I cannot stand visiting.  But my point is not to complain about the place.\nThe Times Square of my youth was filled with theatre-goers as 8 p.m. approached.  They braved this dodgy area because of a happy compulsion to see the work of performers like Gwen Verdon and Joel Grey, playwrights like Robert Anderson and Wendy Wasserstein, musical-writers like Jerry Herman and Bock & Harnick.  These hearty souls – let’s call them Metropolitan Theatre Fans, read the reviews (if Walter Kerr said “Go!” you went) and relied on word-of-mouth: that is, friends’ reports on whether shows were worth seeing.\n\nToday, who’s going to Broadway?  Overwhelmingly, it’s tourists: they view coming to New York from across the country and around the world and seeing a Broadway show a once-in-a-lifetime experience.  They’re not likely to have read reviews, or even to know other people who’ve seen a Broadway show.  They don’t go on recommendations; they go on name recognition.  Transfixed by the bright lights of advertisements, they’re excited by the names they know: “FRANK SINATRA” read the marquis on the Marquis.  “JOHNNY CASH” reads another.", null, "And it’s not just the names of dead singers: “SPIDERMAN” was a beloved character in their childhoods.  “ELF” – “liked that movie; want to see that!”  “AMERICAN IDIOT” – “my favorite album!  On stage!”\n\nThe quantity of tourists attending Broadway today is so much higher than the number of Metropolitan Theatre Fans, it’s gotten to the point where the latter are statistically insignificant.  Which means that the critics are insignificant, since so few theatre-goers bother to look up their assessment.  Currently, there’s a musical that got panned by virtually every newspaper, The Addams Family, and it rakes in a million dollars every week.  There’s an original musical – with a title the tourists haven’t heard of – that got across-the-board raves, multiple Tony Awards and the Pulitzer Prize, Next To Normal, and it doesn’t earn a quarter of that.\n\nBroadway is a commercial enterprise, and shows that fail to fill enough seats close.  Composer John Kander, the most successful of living Broadway composers, worked on The Scottsboro Boys for so many years, his collaborator Fred Ebb died six years before the Broadway opening.  It’s an intelligent entertainment which got a lot of good reviews.  But the small cadre of Metropolitan Theatre Fans didn’t attend in enough numbers to make it profitable; in the parlance, it bombed.\n\nA certain type of musical – original, finely-crafted, witty, emotionally complicated – can’t thrive in this environment.  That’s not what the tourists are coming to see.  When Backstage raved about a show of mine, the reviewer pointed out that I’d crafted something that seemed geared for those Metropolitan Theatre Fans, the vanishing breed:\n\nA wily wizard with words, Katz has created a show that, despite his tuneful, toe-tapping music, derives its primary entertainment value from verbal humor. This is the kind of musical that’s not been made for Broadway in a long time. With its witty references to literary figures and historical events, Such Good Friends not only emulates the creative techniques of musical makers of the past but seems written for Broadway audiences of a bygone era — those more homogenous, midcentury New York theatre audiences who possessed a common body of knowledge, a certain level of education, and shared cultural backgrounds and attitudes.\n\nThis made me think about name-dropping.  For purposes of my story, set in the middle of the twentieth century, I’d mentioned several people who were famous in the middle of the twentieth century: Cliff Odets, Bertolt Brecht, Lillian Hellman and others.  And then there’s Comden & Green’s lyric, “Drop That Name” which consists of nothing but names you could hear at Park Avenue parties in the 1950’s.  In the 1960 film version, many of the names had to be changed to that of movie stars.  Essentially, the song had been written to amuse Metropolitan Theatre Fans and then MGM, in creating a mass-market entertainment, had to dumb down the references.\n\n(Comparison of the two versions)\n\nThe shows that were fashioned for those Metropolitan Theatre Fans were the best musicals ever, in part, because the writers could count upon, and knew intimately, those New York theatre audiences who possessed a common body of knowledge, a certain level of education, and shared cultural backgrounds.  Nowadays, Broadway musicals can’t find that crowd amidst the stampede of wide-eyed out-of-towners.", "A sight so gory", null, "Populism Yea Yea!\n\nImagine you know some fairly funny history majors who are not geeks, and they get a little stoned, grab some electric guitars, and, without thinking too much about it, improvise a musical about the seventh president.  The rock has the usual brash infectious energy you find in the best of campus indies.  The dancing is all sexy.  The jokes are sophomoric, but hell, some of them are sophomores.  And you find yourself laughing, bopping along to the beat, stimulated by all the swaying or sashaying, and wishing you were as buzzed as they were.\n\nA really good time can be had, for about an hour, at Bloody Bloody Andrew Jackson.  Then there comes a point when the energy flags, and you tire of collegiate potshots and sketch comedian antics (comediantics?) and what’s worse: the show goes on for another half hour.  It’s as if they’ve thought of all the Jackson jokes they can think of, so they try to make a serious point, and it falls rather flat.\n\nIt should be noted that the creators know what they’re doing, here.  They’re not an actual frat, uninformed about theatre, spewing out scattershot amusement.  In interviews they speak of the Brechtian nature of the songs commenting upon, rather than propelling action.  The script itself jokes about whether Andrew Jackson’s life story really has an arc.  And there’s a mission statement, in the program, for Les Freres Corbusier, saying the group\n\n“rejects the shy music, seamless dramaturgy and muted performance style of the 20th Century in favor of the anarchic, the rude, the juvenile, the spectacle.”\n\nPat on the back, brothers: Mission accomplished.\n\nI imagine that a college frat house might be the best location to see Bloody Bloody Andrew Jackson.  Charge ten bucks, pass out beer from a keg in plastic cups, and you’ve got something wonderful.  On Broadway, well, there’s an impressive renovation of the Jacobs Theatre: it looks like a Tennessee Roadhouse and I kept expecting the log lady from Twin Peaks to show up.", "Rock Star (nsfw)\n\n“Have I gone on too long?” This is a question that needs to be on the mind of every writer. In writing my all-silly all-the-time musical, Area 51, I was always concerned that we were running out of gas in the second act. Thanks to the creativity of director Gary Slavin, the act started with a funny visual reference to A Chorus Line. Then I piled on the duets: the two men using a broom and dustbin-on-a-stick as canes like song-and-dance men; the two women with a teaching song about seduction from the least likely source; old lovers reuniting to a brisk beguine; and then the inadvertent marriage proposal with Martians in glass tubes lighting up to provide back-up vocals. But was it all too much? Did the audience tire of this lunacy? These were questions that plagued me.", "So, when I see an all-silly all-the-time show wear out its welcome, I wonder if its creators asked the same.", "Any sentient human\n\nDecember 3, 2010\n\nI’ve long been fascinated by the audience reaction to the premiere of the play, The Diary of Anne Frank in Holland.", "click photos for videos\n\nThe curtain came down and the audience didn’t applaud.  They were too moved, too involved in the story; clapping seemed a totally inappropriate reaction.\n\nLast night at the end of The Scottsboro Boys I found myself unable to show my appreciation.  It was as if I’d been punched in the gut, causing me to burst out into tears.  It took time for me to compose myself, to get to the lobby where I greeted old friend Christian White, who’d done a fantastic job portraying one of the most evil women in American history.", "Yes, Christian’s a man.  So now you know the musical includes drag.  It also includes racial caricature, tap-dancing, corny jokes, black men dressed in white beating tambourines – the meat and potatoes of the deservedly forgotten tradition of the minstrel show.\n\nIt’s an unusual mix: utilizing the entertaining elements of a style of theatre that embarrasses us to tell a very dramatic and tragic story out of history.  Quite often, the super-happy and the unbearably sad are played in juxtaposition.  At times, you don’t know whether to laugh or cry.  In some of the show’s weaker moments, you know you’re supposed to cry, but don’t, because your sensitivity meter has been played with.  Some things seem unreal; other things seem too real.\n\nOne scene involves a pile of dirt.  The moment it was spread, I naturally assumed someone would dance a soft shoe through the dirt.  It’s that kind of show, after all.  But I was wrong, and the emotions of the dialogue that followed caught me by surprise.  Many of the songs are excellent, truly lovable on first hearing – a rather rare quality.", "Kander & Ebb\n\nThe lyricist, Fred Ebb, died several years ago.  Composer John Kander is in his eighties.  Has there ever been a good Broadway score by an octogenarian?  This may be the first.\n\nWhen I think about the creators’ goals here, I feel a kinship.  To take a sad episode of true American history and present it in the most entertaining way possible – that’s what I tried to do in Such Good Friends.  The Scottsboro Boys, to me, is a particularly valuable example of what top-level, experienced professionals can do." ]

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[ "Two days ago we took the car and went to Gripsholms Castle. It is located in Mariefred at the lake Mälaren. It takes about an hour and a half to go there by car. It is an old royal castle. The first parts was built in 1370:s.", null, "The first view of Gripsholm Castle, Mariefred when we arrived.", null, "A little bridge leading to the  greenhouse with a nice fence and sky reflections in the water.", null, "One side of the castle and a part of the park surrounding it.", null, "The same area as above looking from the castle. You find another, smaller one, on the other shore. It is named Gripsnäs. It is a private mansion.", null, "One of the rooms in the castle. Seem to be one of the bedrooms.", null, "On the third floor the Castle have a theater. On a rare occasion's they still use it. I would love to go behind it and see how it works.", null, "Three mirrors between decor pillars reflects the opposite side of the wall above the spectator grand stand", null, "And outside the Castle area is another interesting thing. You can go with a steam engine train on a narrow track. It is a working museum. :)  Steam train", null, "The trip back home was not all that fun. Started to rain as soon as we left Mariefred. And sometimes really hard showers. I had to stop twice as I did not see the road.  :(\n\nGripsholm Castle, Mariefred Sweden\n© NF Photos 150714\n\nThis is just a brief note of what there are to see. The castle host a large collection of paintings of royalties from all over Europe. So the walls are all covered with more then 4000 paintings. All portraits of kings and queens and other noble people." ]

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[ null, "In the evolutionary history of big herbivores and the carnivores that prey upon them, the phrase “arms race” is only technically a metaphor. Antelope and zebras are literally born to run, and many of the things that chase them, like wild dogs or cheetahs, are either masters of endurance or champion sprinters. The evolutionary story almost writes itself: over millions of years of chasing, and being chased, whenever the predators evolved to become faster, the prey were selected to run even faster—until a cat evolves that can go from 0 to 60 faster than my Volkswagen Rabbit.\n\nIn a paper recently released online ahead of print in the journal Evolution, Jakob Bro-Jørgensen sets out to disentangle exactly these competing explanations.\n\nBro-Jørgensen compiled data on sprint speed and diet in a set of fifteen large herbivores from the African savannah, including Thomson gazelle, impala, plains zebra, giraffe, and even warthog and ostrich. For each herbivore species, he calculated an index of vulnerability to each of five savannah predators: cheetah, spotted hyena, wild dog, leopard, and lion. The first three of those predators run down their prey; the last two prefer to ambush from short distance.", null, "Predation pressure! Photo by ShootNFish\n\nBro-Jørgensen then constructed analytic models using the risk of predation by each predator, diet composition, and body mass as predictors for the the herbivores’ sprint speeds. He constructed the predictive models with the phylogenetic relationships among the herbivores as a covariate—to account for the fact that sable antelope and roan antelope may be similar to each other just because they’re a lot more closely related to each other than either is to ostriches.\n\nThe model that best explained variation in herbivore sprint speed incorporated vulnerability to all five predators—but neither diet nor body mass. Not all predators had the same effect on herbivore speed, though: increased risk of predation by wild dogs, hyaenas, or cheetahs was correlated with increased sprint speed—but greater risk of predation by lions or leopards was correlated with reduced speed. That’s consistent with the idea that running fast may not be a very helpful defense against a predator that attacks from ambush.\n\nBro-Jørgensen’s results are only correlative; this isn’t the same quality of evidence we might get from a comparative study of sprint speeds in, say, two populations of the same herbivore species that are under selection by predators using different attack strategies. But it does seem like a clear-cut demonstration that, at a very broad scale, the big herbivores on the African savannah have been shaped by running for their lives, not for their dinners.\n\nBro-Jørgensen, J. n.d. Evolution of sprint speed in African savannah herbivores in relation to predation. Evolution 1–17. doi: 10.1111/evo.12233.\n\nJanis, C. M., and P. B. Wilhelm. 1993. Were there mammalian pursuit predators in the tertiary? Dances with wolf avatars. Journal of Mammalian Evolution 1:103–125. doi: 10.1007/BF01041590." ]

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[ null, "Hossam Bahgat talked with Alasdair Soussi.\n\nHe is not yet 30, but already Hossam Bahgat has carved out a reputation as one of Egypt’s most prominent and effective human rights campaigners. As the director of the Egyptian Initiative for Personal Rights (EIPR), Bahgat has been a major driving force behind Egypt’s civil liberties movement: no easy feat in a country, which, according to Amnesty International, causes ‘long-standing concerns on systematic torture, deaths of prisoners in custody, unfair trials, arrests of prisoners of conscience for their political and religious beliefs or for their sexual orientation, wide use of administrative detention and long-term detention without trial and use of the death penalty’.\n\n‘Things have been getting worse,’ says Bahgat, speaking from his Cairo home. ‘But we have had victories that keep us going, such as getting people out of jail and sending abusers to prison, and that is reason enough to be doing this kind of work.’\n\nBahgat founded the EIPR in 2002, doing so after a career in journalism sparked an interest in Egypt’s many human rights concerns. But it was the high-profile case involving the arrest of 52 suspected gay men on a boat restaurant on the Nile in May 2001 that proved the real tipping-point for Bahgat. Not only was he dismayed at the lack of support afforded to the accused in what became known nationwide as the Queen Boat trial, but he was swiftly dismissed from his position at the Egyptian Organization for Human Rights (EOHR) – one of the country’s oldest and most respected civil liberties movements – after writing an article criticizing both the inaction of Egypt’s human rights groups on the affair and the security service’s gratuitous targeting of the country’s gay community. It was a set of circumstances which spurred Bahgat into action.\n\n‘After this trial, and the reaction to the publication of my article, it became apparent that what was needed was an organization that worked on personal autonomy, bodily integrity and privacy,’ says Bahgat, whose organization became the first in Egypt to consider discrimination on the grounds of sexuality among its issues of concern. ‘Back then, these issues had been ignored or overlooked in favour of the more traditional political liberties, such as free elections, the right to establish opposition parties, freedom of the press and so on.’\n\nIndeed, according to Bahgat, the Queen Boat trial was indicative of a systemic failure to protect the rights of the individual in Egyptian society, which also extended to matters involving religious conversion, marital rape and incest, issues then deemed too controversial for Egypt’s human rights community, but now discussed, in many Egyptian circles, as a matter of course.\n\n‘The human rights community is now much more responsive to such issues, mostly due to the proliferation of private newspapers and satellite channels discussing political and social affairs; and, of course, the thousands of bloggers discussing issues of religion, sexuality and politics, who are pushing the limits and breaking taboos everyday.’\n\nThe EIPR offers a range of support under its remit of protecting private and bodily rights. Services include the monitoring and documentation of abuses, such as sexual harassment, policy and legal analysis, advocacy and campaigning, and intervening on select cases for the purposes of establishing a new legal precedent and highlighting areas of injustice. They are activities, which, especially in its early days, put the EIPR in the firing line.\n\n‘When we first started, we were attacked in the press, who portrayed us as implementers of a Western agenda, a conspiracy against [Egyptian] values and religion. And when the current law on NGOs was passed in 2002, a number of organizations attempted to get registered and ours was among a handful of groups who were rejected because of the nature of the work we do.’\n\nThough these attacks from the press have waned considerably over the years, their inability to register as an NGO has forced the EIPR, funded by the likes of the Ford Foundation and Irish Aid, to function officially as a law firm. It is a situation that speaks volumes about Egypt as a nation-state, explains Bahgat:\n\n‘In Egypt, many aspects, including civil society regulation, are handled by the security agencies. Egypt, under [President Hosni] Mubarak, has really become a police state where the Ministry of Interior is incredibly powerful and regulates almost all aspects of public life.’\n\nWhile much of the work of the EIPR remains a constant day-to-day struggle, it is not without its rewards. The group’s unwavering support of Egypt’s persecuted Baha’i population, for example, contributed hugely to the Egyptian Government’s recent decision finally to recognize the right of adherents of ‘non-recognized’ religions – a category in which followers of the Baha’i faith fall – to obtain necessary identification documents and access to basic services. And, when some Baha’is were violently attacked in the country’s south several months ago by neighbouring villagers, large sections of the country, who would once have displayed outright contempt or indifference to the minority group’s plight, condemned the violence.\n\n‘The attacks on the Baha’is – the torching of their houses – made front page news here. Most of the columnists who discussed the matter were in support of the Baha’is and most human rights organizations joined our action on this case. That might not have been possible six or seven years ago.’\n\nIn Bahgat’s own words, ‘a lot of water has passed under the bridge’ since his dismissal from the EOHR eight years ago. But that experience, not to mention others in his role as director of the EIPR, has formed a man of great conviction who makes no excuse for siding with the most vulnerable in Egyptian society.", "Alasdair Soussi\n\nMore about Alasdair Soussi", "This is Congo's top environmental defender: Rodrigue Mugaruka Katembo\nHe puts his life on the line to protect the Democratic Republic of Congo's national parks.", "An unfathomable future\nUgandans fight repressive anti-homosexuality bill", "Somaly Mam\n*Somaly Mam* has experienced the horrors of sexual slavery. She is now fighting to ensure other young women don’t.", "Victory looms\nTransatlantic student boycott forces clothing company to reopen factory", "Sweeping the streets\nPoor South Africans fall foul of soccer tournament preparations", "In the name of fighting terror\n*Dinyar Godrej* on the damage done.", "Out in the open\nLandmark ruling in India delights activists", "Taken for a bride\nSaudi judge upholds the arranged marriage between an eight-year-old girl and a 47-year-old man.", "Maternal Mortality - The Facts\nThe countries where mothers are most (and least) at risk", "Nete Araujo\nInterview with Brazilian squatter activist", "Profits in hungry times\nAgribusiness and industrial farming: 10; farmers and the famished: nil. A report from the campaign group *GRAIN*.", "Manners and the man\nIn the damp, dark winter, *Maria Golia* finds cold comfort in a pharmacy queue.", "Breathing again\nAboriginal sea rights a landmark victory", "Queer India\n*Nick Harvey* explains the background on gay rights – and then talks to lesbian activists about a cause that is beginning to..." ]

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[ null, "November 2018, Volume 45, Issue 11, pp 939–950 | Cite as\n\nEnhancement of NAD(H) pool for formation of oxidized biochemicals in Escherichia coli\n\nFermentation, Cell Culture and Bioengineering - Original Paper\n\nThe NAD+/NADH ratio and the total NAD(H) play important roles for whole-cell biochemical redox transformations. After the carbon source is exhausted, the degradation of NAD(H) could contribute to a decline in the rate of a desired conversion. In this study, methods to slow the native rate of NAD(H) degradation were examined using whole-cell Escherichia coli with two model oxidative NAD+-dependent biotransformations. A high phosphate concentration (50 mM) was observed to slow NAD(H) degradation. We also constructed E. coli strains with deletions in genes coding several enzymes involved in NAD+ degradation. In shake-flask experiments, the total NAD(H) concentration positively correlated with conversion of xylitol to l-xylulose by xylitol 4-dehydrogenase, and the greatest conversion (80%) was observed using MG1655 nadR nudC mazG/pZE12-xdh/pCS27-nox. Controlled 1-L batch processes comparing E. coli nadR nudC mazG with a wild-type background strain demonstrated a 30% increase in final l-xylulose concentration (5.6 vs. 7.9 g/L) and a 25% increase in conversion (0.53 vs. 0.66 g/g). MG1655 nadR nudC mazG was also examined for the conversion of galactitol to l-tagatose by galactitol 2-dehydrogenase. A batch process using 15 g/L glycerol and 10 g/L galactitol generated over 9.4 g/L l-tagatose, corresponding to 90% conversion and a yield of 0.95 g l-tagatose/g galactitol consumed. The results demonstrate the value of minimizing NAD(H) degradation as a means to improve NAD+-dependent biotransformations.\n\nBiotransformation Cofactor engineering NAD+ degradation l-Tagatose l-Xylulose\n\nThe online version of this article ( https://doi.org/10.1007/s10295-018-2072-y) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.\n\nThe authors thank Sarah Lee for the technical assistance.\n\n10295_2018_2072_MOESM1_ESM.docx (19 kb)\nSupplementary material 1 (DOCX 19 kb)\n10295_2018_2072_MOESM2_ESM.docx (22 kb)\nSupplementary material 2 (DOCX 22 kb)" ]

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[ null, "pp 1–12 | Cite as\n\nResponse of the microbial community associated with sweet potato (Ipomoea batatas) to Bacillus safensis and Bacillus velezensis strains\n\nSweet potato is a subsistence crop cultivated worldwide. Although it is generally considered tolerant to different diseases, it is quite susceptible to the fungus Plenodomus destruens that causes foot-rot disease. Plant growth-promoting bacteria associated with sweet potato remain poorly studied, but some Bacillus strains may have potential as biological control agents. Here, we evaluate the persistence of two bacterial strains—Bacillus safensis T052-76 and Bacillus velezensis T149-19—in pot experiments and assess their impact on indigenous bacterial and fungal communities associated with sweet potato. Numbers of cells of both strains introduced into pots remained stable in the rhizosphere of sweet potato over the 180-day experiment. Denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis based on the rrs gene encoding bacterial 16S rRNA and the fungal ribosomal internal transcribed spacer region showed that bands corresponding to the introduced strains were not detected in plant endosphere. PERMANOVA and non-metric multidimensional scaling statistical analyses showed that: (1) strain T052-76 altered the structure of the indigenous bacterial community (rhizosphere and soil) more than strain T149-19; (2) T052-76 slightly altered the structure of the indigenous fungal community (rhizosphere and soil) and (3) strain T149-19 did not disturb the fungal community. Our results demonstrate the stability of both Bacillus strains in the sweet potato rhizosphere and, apart from the influence of B. safensis T052-76 on the bacterial community, their limited impact on the microbial community associated with this important crop plant.\n\nSweet potato Bacillus safensis Bacillus velezensis Microbial community\n\nThe online version of this article ( https://doi.org/10.1007/s10482-018-1181-y) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.\n\nWe are grateful to Dr. Viviane Talamine (EMBRAPA Tabuleiros Costeiros, Aracaju, SE) for providing the Plenodomus destruens strain used here.\n\nThis study was supported by grants from Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq), Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES) and Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado do Rio de Janeiro (FAPERJ).\n\n10482_2018_1181_MOESM1_ESM.pdf (695 kb)\nSupplementary material 1 (PDF 694 kb)\n\n© Springer Nature Switzerland AG 2018\n\nMateus, J.R., Marques, J.M., Dal’Rio, I. et al. Antonie van Leeuwenhoek (2018). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10482-018-1181-y" ]

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[ null, "He knew my ancestor's doodoo.\n\nFlorida is The Evil Mouse Kingdom The Gunshine State,[2] and hangs chad-like, proudly over the Caribbean from the United States' abdomen. It is also the least explicable of the weird states, being the only state so honored with its own tag by Fark.com. For example, part of the coast is referred to as the \"Redneck Riviera\" but also features gay pride gatherings every Memorial Day weekend.\n\nFlorida is the only American State where the further north you go, the farther \"south\" you get.[3] Thanks to an influx of immigrants, tourists, and Jews retirees from New York City, Florida is a politically competitive state and is commonly considered a \"bellwether\" in national elections. It is also the easiest place in the US to get OxyContin.[4] Coincidentally, Rush Limbaugh lives there Florida is ranked 49th in mental health funding in the United States.\n\nExplanation for the alleged high incidence of weird behavior by Floridians can be blamed on Flakka… or Bath salts… or the air… or the fact their state is constantly on fire... or something.[5]\n\nDue to its geographic location, it is home to both large numbers of retired Americans from northerly climes, and (the descendants of) disenfranchised Cuban businessmen who were pwned by Fidel Castro in 1959. Also flying cockroaches big enough to need their own runways.\n\nCubans voted for Trump even though he lied to them about his illegal deal with Fidel Castro in 1998, when he sent employees to the island against the embargo and against federal law.[6] South Florida Cubans wanted the \"wet foot, dry foot\" policy removed; they dont like that a bunch of young blood comes to Miami and take advantage of all the things their taxes pay for. (They very quickly learned what it means to be an American.)\n\nRetirees in Florida are required to submit to the following provisions prior to being allowed past the Florida state line checkpoints:\n\nForeign residents[edit]\n\nAs of FY2010, all resident aliens will be required to pay a state entry and exit tariff in the amount of 20% of their gross income. Conversely, all illegal aliens will receive a scholarship to the University of Florida, a (non-transferable) all-access pass to Café Risque (with multiple convenient locations along I-75), and a yearly stipend of no less than 20% of the average gross income of all legal citizens residing in the state.\n\nKey West thinks they are a foreign country, the \"Conch Republic.\" But they aren't.\n\nFlorida currently leads all other states in the Union in exporting Cuban sandwiches, sunburns, hurricanes, Publixes, \"Chek\" sodas, fundamentalist textbooks, and mild invectives hurled by old timers about how gas used to cost a nickel back in their day.\n\nRegional breakdown[edit]\n\nFlorida's genetic and cultural makeup is fascinating to many people. Sans the geography, you could say the Sunshine State is a microcosm for all of the various social and political divisions within America.[8] The Panhandle is home to Tallahassee, the largely forgettable capital, populated by a bunch of angry ideological plutocrats who won their seats mostly by gerrymandering. The Panhandle is very much like the rest of the Deep South, hence why Republicans control the state legislature and largely ignore the peninsula. Many Floridians see the Panhandle as an alien construct that should be ceded to Alabama (the western third even has the same time zone as Alabama). About its only saving grace is that Tallahassee is home to Florida State University and the historically-black Florida A&M University, both of whom pride in their heavy research activity and their high standards of education. FSU even leads Florida in external STEM funding. What is it doing perched up in the North and why isn't the rest of the Panhandle taking after it? We have no fucking idea. It is also home to some shockingly nice beaches around Pensacola, which is home to the Blue Angels, a fun beach and downtown area, and way too many creationists.\n\nNow head to the peninsula and you get North Florida, which is part of the Bible Belt, but less wingnut than the Panhandle. North Florida includes Gainesville (home to the University of Florida), Daytona Beach (home to the Daytona 500), and Jacksonville (the largest city), which controls Duval County. Jacksonville is also the largest city in the US by surface area. Despite being located in North Florida, Jacksonville is a cultural melting pot, with a significant Muslim minority, a bunch of Asian, African, European, and Hispanic immigrants, and an African American Democratic mayor all next to a large naval presence. Head down the rest of the peninsula and you get Central Florida, represented most of all by the Interstate 4 corridor connecting Orlando with Tampa Bay. Central Florida is more reminiscent of the Midwest (say, Michigan, Illinois, and Ohio), has booming tourism and tech industries and growing non-white populations, and perfectly represents the Purple to the North's Red and the South's Blue; with the exception of 2016, where it went firmly for Hillary Clinton, it has voted for the presidential candidate who won the state as a whole in every election since 1992. South Florida is the other big reason why the Sunshine State is slowly but steadily turning blue, with Miami-Dade, Broward, and Palm Beach having the highest concentration of the population in addition to a diverse variety of immigrants, tourists, retirees, and college students who largely dislike and oppose the Panhandle's grip on the state.\n\nWest of South Florida and south of the I-4 corridor of urban Central Florida, you get Southwest Florida. This part of the state is a conservative stronghold comparable to the Panhandle, in both the urban and rural areas. As a matter of fact, Lee County is one of two counties in Florida with a major state university (Florida Gulf Coast University) and a track record of consistently voting Republican (the other is Escambia, home of the University of West Florida and Pensacola Christian College). Interestingly, FGCU's eagle mascot and use of palm trees in their logo eerily resembles PCC, and the student populations of UWF and FGCU closely resemble each other. The beach communities make up a vast retirement mecca, with the average age of the residents in many towns along the coastal strip reaching into the sixties. Inland from there is the \"Florida Heartland\", a mostly agricultural region (sugar and citrus especially) and the last remaining island of the deep South outside North Florida, hidden away near Lake Okeechobee. The wealth gap between the coastal and inland communities can be staggering; the city of Naples has the second-highest concentration of millionaires in the US, while in the same county, the town of Immokalee has long been infamous for ghoulish poverty, such that it was featured in the 1960 CBS documentary Harvest of Shame about the struggles of migrant workers (most of whom are of Mexican or South American heritage).\n\nState Politics[edit]\n\nThe current governor is Rick Scott, a hard-working former CEO of a large hospital network. Rick Scott is notable for spending over seventy-three million dollars of his own money on his campaign. He was elected and reelected despite having committed the largest Medicare/Medicaid fraud in the US and the largest financial fraud in Florida history.[9]\n\nThe previous governor of Florida was Charlie Christ Crist. Charlie was a moderate Republican, and as such his views seemed rather wishy-washy depending on who talked to him. Notably, during his campaign as a Republican for US Senator, he was staunchly pro-life, though after becoming an independent he was pro-choice. When he tried to challenge Scott and return to the governor's mansion in 2014, he did so as a Democrat. To his credit, however, Crist did a lot to help the Florida education system and the environment, particularly the Florida Everglades. Crist was at one point considered a possible running mate for John McCain during the 2008 presidential election, and one must wonder whether the election would have turned out differently if he was a vice-presidential candidate instead of that crazy moose-shooting hockey mom.\n\nDespite having more registered Democrats than Republicans, the Florida Democratic Party is almost legendary for its incompetence at mounting an effective opposition to the state's hard-right Republican leadership. Committed to a centrist platform and terrified of even the slightest whiff of progressivism out of a mistaken belief that Florida is a lot redder than it actually is, the state Democrats share some of the blame for allowing the GOP to hold the governorship uninterrupted since 1998.[10] Debbie Wasserman-Schultz, whose tenure as chair of the Democratic National Committee saw her lead the national party to defeat against an '80s yuppie villain caricature, represents Florida's 23rd Congressional District. No wonder the ex-Republican Crist ran for governor in 2014 as a Democrat; his center-right politics were right at home in the state party. That said, in 2018 Florida Democrats nominated Andrew Gillum, the Bernie Sanders-endorsed progressive mayor of Tallahassee, for governor in a major upset against a field of moderate \"establishment\" candidates, including Gwen Graham (the daughter of former Governor and Senator Bob Graham), Philip Levine (the mayor of Miami Beach and a former marketing mogul), and Jeff Greene (a billionaire Palm Beach real estate mogul), even though Gillum was outspent by a wide margin.[11] Time will tell what sort of impact this has on the state party.\n\nFederal Politics[edit]\n\nFlorida, geographically part of the American South, is usually regarded as a red state. However, it's more accurate to say that it's purple, having voted for the winner in every Presidential election since 1928, save for the 1960 and 1992 elections, both of which were decided by three points or less.[12] Furthermore, since 1992, all of its elections were decided by five points or less — with the lone exception of 1996, where Bill Clinton won by a decisive (albeit not overwhelming) 5.7 points. It turns out the large number of Medicare/Social Security-receiving senior citizens, young college and university students, Latino immigrants, and South Beach/Keys-dwelling gay folk in the more metropolitan areas of the state are sufficient to garner more votes than the traditional conservative remnants of the Confederacy that live in the Panhandle, Jacksonville area, and Southwest Florida. Or, maybe, Florida is just bipolar. Even the conservative areas aren't very selectively conservative. It is considered a key swing state due to its large and growing population, and thus receives a lot of attention during the summers and autumns of election years.\n\nThese inherent contradictions were most especially, and most infamously, found in 2000 when hanging chads and weird recount rules required the 2000 U.S. presidential election to be settled by the U.S. Supreme Court in the court case Bush v. Gore. Controversial at the time were that then-governor Jeb Bush is one candidate's brother, and that then-Secretary of State Katherine Harris went on to work for President Bush-the-Lesser after the court decided to prevent a recount.\n\nWeirdness capital of America[edit]\n\nIn the last decade or so, Florida has developed a reputation for \"news of the weird\", dethroning wacky California for the title of \"craziest state in America\". It began when Fark created a \"Florida\" tag to pin on weird news stories from Florida, mainly because the volume of such stories got so great that it became a running joke[14], but it really took off when the \"Florida Man\" Twitter feed began in 2013, supplying a steady stream of crazy Florida stories to the other 49 states.[15] Many explanations have been cited for this, from the Bermuda Triangle to the large number of old people and alligators to the state literally sitting atop the mouth of Hell.[16]\n\nThe truth is more mundane. A number of famous American humorists, such as Dave Barry[17] and Carl Hiaasen, are from Florida, mining much of their comedy from the state's eccentricities. Furthermore, American Media, a company that publishes many of America's big tabloid newspapers (National Enquirer, National Examiner, Globe, Sun, and Star), is based in Boca Raton in South Florida, while the Weekly World News (a spinoff of the National Enquirer) was based just a few towns over in Lantana. It's also the third-largest state by population, which means a lot more weirdos per square mile. Most of all, though, Florida has very strong open-records laws requiring that all government records, with very few exceptions, must be available to the public and anybody who asks for them. These laws create a great deal of government transparency in Florida, but since they also apply to police records, mugshots, and arrest reports, lurid stories that might get squashed in, say, Ohio due to the police refusing to give out sensitive information can easily find their way into newspapers in Florida. In other words, Florida probably isn't any weirder than any other state, it's just far more honest about it.[18]" ]

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[ null, "“By publishing these historically significant recordings along with the related field notes, photographs and film that open windows into their larger social and cultural contexts, we are providing researchers with the tools they need to better understand and analyze musical theory and practice around the world.  Many of these recordings are historically priceless, captured at certain times and in certain places that no longer exist as they once did, due to war, conflict and other external forces of change. Their time-capsule nature is worthy of long-term preservation and broader access.” - Jenna Makowski, Senior Editor for Anthropology at Alexander Street", null ]

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[ null, "We're currently starting with weekly Stadium Chase Cups but are looking forward to expanding to other Titles in the future!\nNew Maps are urgently needed and you can post your submissions for a new Mappack in our forum\n\nAlso have a look at the upcoming Cups to sign up!" ]

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[ null, "Laurel lives in Bristol, working at a medical clinic with her brother, a doctor, in the 1800s.  She is content with her life helping others, but her past life comes rushing back when her estranged husband is brought in both beaten and delirious from an oncoming malarial attack.  He’s delirious, she’s (apparently, even though she left him ten years ago) missing him, and one thing leads to another…and she’s pregnant.  So starts this lackluster, unbelievable tale of weird romance.\n\nI try not to say bad things about books in my blog because I feel that just because I didn’t really like something doesn’t mean that someone else won’t like it, possibly even love it.  But I can’t think of anything good to say about this title.  The characters are thin, the dialogue seems anachronistic and repetitive (if she said she was “increasing” instead of finding another way to say pregnant I was going to lose it) and I just didn’t get the two main characters.  They couldn’t find a way around their differences in the past ten years?  Argh!  I’m sorry, but I really can’t say who would like this book.  May be good for a mindless diversion, but there are so many better choices." ]

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[ "I’ve heard a lot of very good things about The Manhattan Projects, so I thought I’d head to my local library and see if they had the first volume.  Luckily for me, they did!\n\nI’m fascinated by the concept of the book.  As we all know, The Manhattan Project introduced the first atomic bomb.  This book written by Jonathan Hickman with art by Nick Pitarra introduces the idea that the atomic bomb was just one of many, many projects the scientists were working on during that era.\n\nThe concept is fascinating, I’ll grant you that.  Furthermore, Hickman makes a bold move by actually using Oppenheimer, Einstein, Feynman, Fermi, Daghlian, Von Bruan, Groves, and FDR!  These are historical figures from The Manhattan Project, some more famous than others, and Hickman uses them unabashedly.  He’s got guts, I’ll give him that, especially because he paints none of them in an overtly positive light.\n\nThe book itself is a fun read.  It really gets into science fiction, which is nice since most graphic novels deal more with science fantasy.  I’m not sure it struck me as being unlike anything else I’ve ever read, but it was definitely entertaining.\n\nSome of the major storylines running through this volume includes Oppenheimer’s evil twin brother working to usurp his place in life, Einstein trying to open an inter-dimensional door he created, FDR assimilating to AI, and Groves trying to get more and more weapons out of his scientists.  As you can gather, this book has gusto.", null ]

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[ null, "Jupiterimages/Photos.com/Getty Images\n\nOzone in air can be detected with strips of a specially prepared paper, \"Schoenbein\" paper, that is coated with potassium iodide (KI) and corn starch. Water is added to the strips immediately before use. Schoenbein test strips turn blue-purple in the presence of ozone, the color being a rough indicator of ozone concentration. Iodine gas (I2) is generated when the potassium iodide (KI) is oxidized by ozone (O3). The color is produced as the iodine reacts with the corn starch. Following are the chemical reactions involved: 2KI + O3 + H2O > 2KOH + O2 + I2 (H2O is water, KOH is potassium hydroxide, O2 is ordinary oxygen). I2 + starch > blue-purple color\n\nMeasure 3.4 fl oz. (100 ml) distilled water and add it to the beaker or glass container.\n\nAdd 1 1/4 tsp. corn starch to the container.\n\nHeat the mixture on the hot plate, while stirring with the glass rod, until it thickens and clears.\n\nRemove the container from the hot plate.\n\nAdd 1/4 tsp. potassium iodide, while stirring. Allow the solution to cool and thicken to a paste.\n\nSpread a coffee filter paper on the glass plate, then use the brush to apply paste evenly to both sides of the paper. Be careful.\n\nPlace the glass plate on the hot plate, set to \"warm\" and allow the paper to dry thoroughly. The paper will dry faster in a microwave oven set at low power for about 45 seconds. If you use a microwave, be sure the glass plate is microwave-safe.\n\nSeal the strips, immediately, in the plastic bag or food container. Store them in a dark place.\n\nThe scientific items you will need are available from a science supply store or catalog. Find information on how to use Schoenbein test strips in the resources section.\n\nYou must use distilled water, as any impurities could render the test strips useless. Potassium iodide can cause skin irritation. Wash your hands of any paste immediately. Prolonged exposure of Schoenbein strips to intense light (especially sunlight) or air, will ruin them. Work as quickly as possible.\n\nA Toronto native, Michael Merry began writing on health and fitness in 2010. He contributes to LIVESTRONG.COM, eHow, and Answerbag.com. Merry has an extensive background in chemical and metallurgical research, physics, nuclear radiation analysis, and associated technologies. He is an avid amateur astronomer, accomplished chess player, and a health and fitness enthusiast. Michael holds a Bachelor of Technology from Ryerson University." ]

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[ "Studio 180 is a full-service design studio specializing in website development and online branding.\n\nWebsite Design  ·  UI Design  ·  Content Management Systems  ·  Logo Design  ·  Mobile/Responsive Websites  ·  WordPress  ·  E-commerce Solutions\n\nStudio 180 is a full-service graphic design and website development firm with offices outside Philadelphia, PA and Boston, MA. Since 1996, we have been providing design services to clients in the healthcare, pharmaceutical, education, biotechnology and business-to-consumer arenas. Studio 180 takes pride in forging long-lasting relationships with our clients by completing projects on time, on budget, and with professionalism.\n\nStrategic Partnership\n\nTogether with our development partner, Blackfly Interactive, we merge a strong background in traditional design principles with a clear understanding of today’s technology. Our partnership allows us to provide all the services that you would expect from larger agencies but at siginifacant cost savings to our clients.", null ]

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[ "Managing longer documents in MS Word\n\nWhen you begin to work on larger documents such as a large report, dissertation or final year project you are likely to need to use features within Microsoft Word which you have not used previously. Writing these type of document requires more care and greater preparation than writing essays and there are many features built into Word which can make producing these types of documents easier and less stressful. Investing time and effort at the beginning will mean than any formatting requirements can be met and will avoid last minute panics  when you should be concentrating on finalising your content.\n\nThis session will introduce you to features you need to know about to achieve professional looking documents.\n\nBy the end of the session you will:", null, null ]

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[ null, "Kanagawa is the nearest fun-filled prefecture to Tokyo. While Kanagawa is usually identified with Yokohama Bayside shopping and fun or the Big Buddha and beaches, Kanagawa also has Enoshima.\n\nA trip to Enoshima will bring you to the interesting Iwaya Caves, which face the sea and can lead you to the Enoshima Sea Candle, the Ryukoji Temple, and the Samuel Cocking Garden.\n\nTo make your family trip cost-efficient, get an Enoshima Day Pass from Shinjuku Station." ]

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[ "Booker T. Washington High School provides an academically rigorous education within an environment of multicultural diversity and develops all students' critical thinking skills which are necessary for success in a global society.", null, "Hornet Pride!\n\nBooker T. Washington is a world-class high school in the heart of America. In 2009, the school received the coveted distinction of being a Blue Ribbon School recognized by the United States government for being academically superior. Our school is consistently listed as one of Newsweek's best high schools, and was named the top public high school in the State of Oklahoma by U.S. News and World Report in 2013. This school was established as a magnet school and serves students from every racial, ethnic, religious, and socio-economic group in Tulsa. Booker T. Washington continues to thrive based on the twin ideals of promoting excellence and acceptance of diversity. This philosophy has resulted in our institution's recognition as one of the most successful secondary schools in the United States. Our racially-balanced student body boasts a nationally-ranked academic bowl team and forensics team, as well as championship basketball, football, soccer, speech & debate, and volleyball teams. Booker T. Washington is at the forefront of academic trends as the first Tulsa Public High School to offer Advanced Placement courses and is one of only two high schools in Oklahoma to offer the International Baccalaureate Diploma. With the International Baccalaureate Diploma, Advanced Placement Program, and rich history our school attracts students who thrive in a challenging environment." ]

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[ null, "Speaking from the White House Tuesday before a meeting with the House Ways and Means Committee, President Trump said rates for tax reform have been set and will be announced with a detailed plan on Wednesday.\n\n“I’ve asked lawmakers in both parties to discuss our framework for tax cuts and tax reform that will be released tomorrow,\" Trump said. \"It will be a very, very powerful document.”\n\n\"We have a non-competitive tax structure right now and we’re going to go super competitive,” he continued.\n\nThe President touted reform as a way to boost the economy, bring back jobs and give time back to Americans who spend billions of hours each year complying with a complicated tax code.\n\n.@POTUS on tax reform: “It’s time for both parties to come together and do what is right for the American people.” pic.twitter.com/UnnhJVAm4k\n\n— Fox News (@FoxNews) September 26, 2017\n\n“I look forward to working with the members of Congress gathered here today to pass the reform and the massive tax cuts that our country desperately needs to thrive, to grow, to prosper,\" Trump said. \"If we do this, we will create millions of new jobs for our people and bring many, many businesses back to our shores. We will become a competitive nation again.”", "\"It’s time for both parties to come together and do what is right for the American people,\" he concluded." ]

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[ null, "\"Market Angst as U.K. Edges to Exit,\" proclaims the headline on The Wall Street Journal's lead story. The exit referred to is Britain's departure from the European Union, a move that will be mandated if a majority votes \"leave\" rather than \"remain\" in the national referendum next Thursday.\n\nThis outcome would be as astounding, to use the word Lincoln chose to describe the Civil War in his second inaugural address, to British and European financial markets and political insiders as Donald Trump's victory for the Republican nomination has been to their American counterparts.\n\nThe most recent polls have shown \"leave\" gaining ground and leading \"remain\" among British voters. There is reason to be skeptical about British polls. Pollsters there (with one exception, who flinched and didn't announce his results) totally missed the Conservative Party's victory in the May 2015 general election.\n\nBut their big mistake, in retrospect, was oversampling young voters, who didn't turn out in the numbers anticipated. That resulted in overstating the support for Labour. But in this election, the young tend to support \"remain.\" If they're being oversampled now, \"leave\" is in a stronger position than current polling shows.\n\nThe recent surge for \"leave\" seemed unlikely to elites. Conservative Prime Minister David Cameron, the leftist Labour leader Jeremy Corbyn, the Scottish Nationalists and the Conservatives' 2010-2015 coalition partner Liberal Democrats all support \"remain.\" So do the president of the Bank of England and the financial leaders of the City of London.\n\nThey all argue that Brexit would produce uncertainty and harm Britain's economy. Exports to the Continent might be reduced. Financial firms might flee. All this is plausible but conjectural. Many of these same experts believed the euro would be a great success and urged Britain to join. Not many Brits are sorry Britain didn't.\n\nMissing from the \"remain\" camp's campaign of fear is any affirmative case for EU membership. That's not a coincidence. When Britain's Parliament and voters agreed to join in the 1970s, Europe looked shiny, bright and dynamic, Britain gritty, dull and stagnant.\n\nNow things are the other way around. Since the financial crisis, Britain has grown more than any other advanced country. Europe, with its stifling labor laws, overabundant welfare states and dodgy finances, has grown not at all.\n\nThese arguments aren't advanced just by ragtag members of the UK Independence Party. The leaders of the \"leave\" campaign are Boris Johnson, the dazzling mayor of London for eight years until last month, and Michael Gove, who as education and justice secretary was the Conservatives' most effective reformer.\n\nThe argument they make most strongly for leaving is self-government. The European Union is an outgrowth of trade agreements made during the 1950s to prevent Germany and France from going to war again. The EU's leaders, not democratically accountable, have pursued \"an ever-closer union,\" overriding sovereign states.\n\nIt was a noble aim, originally, and has had good effects in pushing nations wishing EU membership to meet democratic norms. But it has failed to create a European consciousness that can replicate the best effects, so visible in Britain over the years, of allegiance to a nation-state.\n\nThe lack of self-government is most visible in immigration. Britain must accept EU immigrants, more from Eastern Europe than it would like, and fears being forced to accept some of the nearly 1 million \"refugees\" that German Chancellor Angela Merkel, on her own, welcomed to Germany in August 2015.", "The dangers such young men -- or, in time, their young sons -- can cause have been visible in Cologne, Paris, Brussels, San Bernardino and Orlando, as they were in Madrid and London a decade ago.\n\nJohnson and Gove advocate an alternative for Britain, one advanced for America in these columns: a point system, to allow in only high-skill immigrants, as has been done so successfully in Australia and Canada.\n\nSelf-government also means getting away from EU over-regulation, symbolized by its dictates on the shape of bananas. The Continental tradition of France and Germany is that anything must be regulated before it is allowed. The British common-law tradition is that things are allowed until the people's representatives decide they must be regulated or banned.\n\nIn Britain in April Barack Obama called on Britons to vote \"remain\" and promised that if they didn't the U.S. would leave them \"in the back of the queue\" in trade negotiations -- a shameful stance toward a valiant ally.\n\nBrexit is a choice for the British people, one we can live with and should respect whichever way they go." ]

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[ null, "ATHENS, Greece (AP) — Greece agreed on the broad terms of a new financial rescue package on Tuesday, with a few details remaining to be cleared up before it is formally approved.\n\nThe bailout would be the third in five years for the country, which is struggling to heal its economy and pay off its mountain of public debt.\n\nHere is a look at what the deal involves and why it matters.\n\nQ: What is the deal?\n\nA: The bailout agreement entails a three-year package of loans worth about 85 billion euros ($93 billion). Greece needs to money to repay its debts and avoid a dramatic default that would see it forced out of the euro, the currency shared by 19 European Union countries. In return, it must implement a series of budget measures, including spending cuts and yet more tax increases, just as it had to do for its previous two bailouts.\n\nQ: What are the broad terms?\n\nA: The details have not all been officially released yet, but leaked drafts and government sources suggest the terms will heap more pain on the Greeks.\n\nIt envisages reforms that include:\n\n-increases to corporate, personal income and property taxes, including a requirement for the following year's income tax to be pre-paid in full\n\n-pension reforms and cuts, and phasing out most early retirement\n\n-cuts to tax benefits for farmers\n\n-cuts to medication prices\n\n-reform of the welfare system\n\n-cuts to military spending, including by reducing personnel numbers\n\n-the sale of some state property\n\nThe government says the deal includes lower budget surplus targets than originally envisaged, thereby reducing the overall amount of budget cuts it will need to make.\n\nQ: Why does Greece need it?\n\nA: Despite receiving two bailouts totaling nearly 240 billion euros since 2010, Greece's economy and public finances are in a dire state. Public debt is about 320 billion euros, or 180 percent of economic output. That is making investors wary of lending to Greece on bond markets, so the country has no option but to seek rescue loans from its fellow European countries and the IMF.\n\nCritics argue the budget cuts demanded by creditors for the previous two rescues exacerbated the problems of the economy, which lost a quarter of its value. The current prime minister, Alexis Tsipras, came to power in January on pledges to repeal those cuts. However, his attempts to challenge creditors collapsed after months of acrimony. The government shut down the country's banks and put limits on money transfers and withdrawals to staunch a bank run. The turmoil has led the economy back into a recession.\n\nQ: Why is the deal important for Greece and the rest of the world?\n\nA: Without financial support, Greece would go bankrupt and likely fall out of the euro. That would be hugely painful economically for the country and could destabilize the rest of the eurozone.", "Though many economists say the eurozone could withstand the short-term market turmoil caused by Greece's exit from the euro, many warn it would suffer in the longer term. A Greek euro exit could, for example, lead investors to believe that another country might drop out if it gets into financial trouble as well. A destabilized eurozone would weaken the world economy as it is a key trading partner for the U.S. and Asia and at the heart of the global financial system.\n\nQ: What happens once Greece's new deal is finalized?\n\nA: The text of the agreement must be approved by Greece's parliament. Although Tsipras has suffered major dissent within his radical left Syriza party, pro-European opposition parties are almost certain to vote in favor, meaning the agreement will go through. A vote is due late Thursday.\n\nThe deal will also need to be approved by other eurozone nations. This will initially come from the eurozone finance ministers, who are expected to discuss the issue Friday. Some nations will also have to ratify the deal in their parliaments, including Germany, which was the largest single contributor to Greece's previous two bailouts and has been Greece's harshest critic." ]

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[ null, "My name is Usama Ejaz. I am a full stack developer from Lahore, Pakistan. Most of my time revolves around writing code and building software.\n\nI love learning new things and playing with different technologies, projects and tools. I also have some side projects which you can find on github or on this website.\n\nMy major expertise and interest lies in the following programming languages.\n\nOther programming languages I can work with are Python, Java and some others.\n\nWhen I am not working, I enjoy reading books, playing games, doing crazy things, learning new languages and behaviors.\n\nIf you want to discuss something or just say Hi, write an email to [email protected].\n\nThere are more channels to connect with me other than email. Look for the links at the bottom of this page.\n\nIf you are interested in knowing more about me, see my Résumé." ]

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[ "Founded in 1982 Cookswell Enterprises produces, markets and sells innovative energy saving charcoal and wood fuelled stoves and ovens to customers across Kenya and internationally. Cookswell Enterprise's stoves and ovens are produced locally and are Kenya Bureau of Standards Diamond Mark of Quality approved. They are available for purchase in Nakumatt Supermarkets across Kenya, and also Nakumatt Kigali and Kampala branches. In Kenya they are furthermore available at Uchumi supermarkets, Chardust Ltd Nairobi, and Olerai Ltd. Tree Planting Advisory Centre (TPAC), as well as by direct purchase from the Kitengela Arboretum Musaki Enterprise factory shop. The motto of Cookswell Enterprises is \"Save Money, Save Energy, Save our Forests and Eat Well\". The company aims to pioneer clean, affordable energy alternatives for all people. Cookswell Enterprise products help customers save substantially on their energy bills. Their stoves and ovens significantly reduce the amount of charcoal used in cooking. This reduction in charcoal consumption helps reduce tree cutting and thus contributes to saving Kenya's forests.\n\nAs a recent addition to Cookswell Enterprises areas of activity, and reflecting its commitment to sustainable forestry and wider social and environmental concerns, the company has begun selling tree seeds. Marketed under the name Kenya Seeds of Change the company sells packets of multi use indigenous tree seeds predominantly from the Acacia family. Trees seeds from this family were selected for sale because they are honey producing, nitrogen fixing, provide good shade, provide a habitat for birds and animals, have good rain water retention and are a good source of charcoal and firewood. All seeds are Kenya Forestry Research Institute (KEFRI) certified and each packet comes with easy to understand planting instructions. A packet of tree seeds is included with every purchase of a charcoal or wood fuelled stove or oven from Cookswell Enterprises. Through this inclusion it is hoped that customers will plant the seeds creating a long term renewable 'green' energy source for their own use. By selling the seeds in small bags the company hopes that they will be available for purchase by all people. Cookswell Enterprises also provides land use planning services and undertakes tree planting.", null, "Physical Address: Farasi Lane, Lower Kabete, Nairobi & Kitengela Town, Kajiado.\n\nPostal Address: PO BOX 23058 Lower Kabete Nairobi Kenya\n\nTelephone: 0771935140 - 0724690352\n\nTo download a more in-depth report on the Cookswell Enterprise case study mapping its sustainable development and poverty alleviation impacts please follow the link below:" ]

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[ "Tuesday, 3 October 2017\n\nCurated Lisbon Hotels | Corinthia Hotel Lisbon", null, "Often people ask for my advice on choosing a hotel to stay in Lisbon. Although, usually, I don't need to check in at a hotel at my hometown,  I know some fine hotels in the city that I've visited for some reason. During the next months, I'll bring you some of my favorite Lisbon hotels, on this Curated Lisbon Hotels series, highlighting all the information you need to make a sound decision in the moment you need to book your stay in this lovely city.\n\nI'll start with a place that is very dear to me and where I've always had positive experiences to count for. The Corinthia Hotel Lisbon includes all I value in a hotel: location, comfort and a top-level service. Is truth that while visiting a city, one does not plan to stay a long time at the hotel, especially in a place like Lisbon where there is so much to see. But at the Corinthia you can find so much to hold you back at the hotel, that becomes difficult to leave in the morning. A lovely garden and terraces to enjoy the Portuguese sun and good weather, a great swimming pool to relax, the most outstanding SPA, nice restaurants and an unmissable bar are some of the things that will be expecting you when you check in.", null, null, null, null, null, null, "This 5-star hotel is located in the city center and not far from the airport. There are several attractions in short walking distance (like Gulbenkian's Museum and Gardens, and the Zoo), and even if you are not very keen on walking, most of the city is very easy to reach, either by taxi or by subway. With Sete Rios Metro station only a 2 minutes walkway, you can be Downtown in ten minutes.\n\nThe Corinthia has excellent facilities and well appointed social areas, that always look impeccably clean, tidy and welcoming. The rooms are large, modern and comfortable. Clean and well equipped, present large sized bathrooms and an ample space to work with working internet connection. I've stayed at the hotel a few years ago and have visited it since on several occasions and on different events. One thing never changes, the constant effort to keep their guests satisfied even with the smallest details. This culture is present at all levels in the organization and you can be sure that at Corinthia you will find the most friendly and helpful staff that will make their best to make your stay nothing less than memorable.", null, null, null, null, null, null, null ]

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[ "In the Shop\n\nSwap Thing & Vin-Moto Show Re-cap\n\nQCMW · May 1, 2014\n\nA week or so back the shop hosted the second Swap Thing, but this time around we added in a Vin-Moto show afterwards. Most of the photos are from before and after.\n\nA big thanks to everyone who came out and made it a great day!", null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null ]

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[ null, "5 Lower Thirds included. All of 8 colors.", "7 transitions included.", "Football (Soccer) Cup of World Pack is made in the style of the Confederations and World Football (Soccer) Cup in Russia in 2017 and 2018. Opener is well organized and clear, easy customizing. Included pdf-tutorial to help you understand the project even if you do not have skills of Adobe After Effects. In any case – I am always ready to answer your questions. Select a images or video, audio, and just drag and drop it to the project. Edit texts – and the project is done! Yeah!\n\nYou adult independent people — decide for yourself. But. Football (Soccer) Cup of World Pack is perfect for european football (soccer) short promotion videos, TV shows about World 2018 Championship Cup in Russia, trailer football analytics show, opener sport or travel video, video or photo holder, TV or movie opener. Also perfect for special events intro, football blogs, home made football, soccer or sports slideshow and others video.\n\nIf you have any questions — please, contact me via my personal page. Follow me and don`t forget to rate if you like it!", "Who knows, maybe you want to create simple slides, opener or slideshow with parallax effect, quick slideshow, photo album, corporate opener, special event opener, travel opener, wedding and romantic opener, opener promo, fast and minimal promo, lovely slideshow, gallery. You may decide to make showreel, demo reel, production reel, adventure slideshow, video album, summer travel or adventure tour, elegant reel, holiday slideshow, simple quick slideshow, intro for your media.\n\nIf you’re a cool businessman, you may need promo for your product, commercial promo, presentation for your business, present a new brand, video for product launch, corporate presentation, product gallery, company history video, site presentation, application promo, or retro style promotion.\n\nFrom the template, you can create anything, even education video, documentary film, magazine demo reel, app promo, night party, present your portfolio, vintage story, lovely opener, dynamic intro, workout instruction. And, of course, sport event, trailer, travel slideshow, simple slides, minimal slideshow urban demo reel, scrolling slides, grunge media opener, opener for any special occasions, christmas, anniversary, birthday, memorial day, wedding day and any event-video! Anything! Even awards package, fashion and glamour event, TV show and broadcast pack" ]

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[ null, "13 Jan , 2017   Video", null, "This week’s news and links…\n\nIndiana wants to charge EV owners\n\nand this\n\nI call bullshit on autonomy\n\nAutonomous cars won’t work\n\nVW’s ID Buzz is bullshit\n\nVW’s Oliver Schmidt gets nabbed by the FBI\n\nNew high power charging stations\n\nPodcast: Play in new window | Download (24.8MB)\n\nBe Conscious of How You Work the Accelerator\n\n27 Feb , 2016\n\n– Tony Schaefer\n\nAt its core, driving a car is ridiculously simple: two pedals and a steering wheel. However, like many things, it’s how you minutely manipulate those three items that differentiate the bad from the average and the average from the good. In this article, I want to address how you manipulate the accelerator pedal.\n\nBraking, bus, Chuck, Eggs, EV, Hypermiling, LE, LED, Seat Position, tax, tony schaefer\n\n#174 Nevada Hates The Sun\n\n18 Feb , 2016   Video", null, "This week we speculate how the Nevada legislature can so stupid, visit the Chicago Auto Show *and* the Canadian International Auto Show in Toronto and much more. Patrick Connor, Mark Coughlan, Paul Guzyk, Tony Schaefer and Russell Frost dive deep into world of crazy lawmakers and cars.\n\nAnd funny enough, as I was posting this show this morning, this tweet from actor, Mark Ruffalo showed up…" ]

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[ null, "Women in polleras gather to watch a carnaval parade in Acora, Puno District. Photo: Angela Tapia Arce.\n\nLucy does not smile too often. Like other women who wear polleras, she does not greet you with a wide grin, unless you are more than an acquaintance. Yet, when Lucy smiles the stars twinkle, whether or not the sun is overhead. She has two little silver stars inlaid into her teeth. However, these stars are not the only body adornments she owns. In her hair she hangs vicuña1 tullmas2 from her two braids’ ends as ornaments. She usually wears a special straw hat and jewelry, but no makeup. When she is selling “polleras style” clothing, she wears a falda (skirt). The falda, as wearers of this clothing call it, is a variant of polleras style. The major difference between the falda and polleras is that the latter are embellished with horizontal tiers in the middle of the skirt; otherwise the skirts look similar.", null, "Women wear the falda in Puno, Peru. Photo: Angela Tapia Arce.\n\nAlthough the pollera is more expensive, heavier, and more difficult to wash, this garment is still the preferred female clothing in the most important cities of the Altiplano region (Southeast of the Andes): La Paz and El Alto, Bolivia, and Puno, Peru. Academic explanations3 as to why women still wear polleras concentrate on identity issues and ties with the social group, but the aesthetic of polleras needs an examination. This article is an invitation to see “the other beauty”: How do “polleras women” negotiate the dominant aesthetics—especially as regards their sense of beauty—in their everyday lives?\n\nThrough the wearing of these bulky gathered skirts, women of the Altiplano display their notions of female attractiveness, which contrast with the Western ideal of the tall, slim, yet curvy woman exemplified by the Miss Universe pageant. The wearing of polleras is more than an art form through which women express their creative skills with the intention of being appreciated for beauty, fashion, and originality. Polleras, similar to the Western blazer, are a classic icon of elegance in the region. They constitute a part of the basic wardrobe of Indigenous women from this area. Paying close attention to matching different colors, women dressing in “polleras style” wearing a multilayered skirt composed of the external skirt—the pollera—plus five petticoats, a blouse, a cardigan, and a shawl with a broach at the chest. The jewelry they wear matches their high-quality clothing. Polleras are designed for daily activities as well as special occasions, such as the Fiesta de la Virgen de la Candelaria (Celebration of the Virgin of Candelaria) in February. They are also worn at more private events like weddings, where the bride’s mother, grandmother, and mother-in-law will dress in polleras even if the bride herself does not.\n\nPolleras style is also distinguished by the use of the highly noticeable bowler hat, known as a bombín or borsalino. As with most of the other components, the purpose of the stylish bombín is embellishment. It does not have a broad brim, and its function is far from that of protector against sun or cold weather. It requires practice to wear the bombín because women do not put their whole head inside the hat. It sits atop the head like a slightly tilted crown, precariously positioned and always threatening to fall, lifeless, to the floor. Women embrace this risk using all their talents. For in order to wear a sophisticated polleras-style outfit topped with the tilted crown, a woman must move gracefully, even when bending to pick something up from the ground. These slow, elegant movements show how to wear this style of clothing. It is as if the wearers wished to embody the colossal, strong, and peaceful mountains of the Altiplano landscape. For Andean people, mountains are fundamental to human life, and they most appreciate those that are enormous.4", null, "Women at an aphtapi, or food-sharing ritual, display “bombín proficiency,” gracefully balancing the bowler hats on their heads despite a variety of movements. Photo: Angela Tapia Arce.\n\nA Link to the Past\n\nPolleras are an Andean legacy, descended from the Andean textiles of the Inca civilization, which author Peter Stallybrass referred to as a “cloth society.”5 Inca life—cultural, social, political, and economic—was organized around textiles that are still associated with the Andean region. Moreover, archaeological evidence and written chronicles indicate that Inca women wore pollera-type garments. Today, polleras still dominate the visual field as the most popular outfit in the Altiplano, even though they do not appear in the mainstream media. Some women choose to discontinue the wearing of polleras, justifying the choice on practical grounds, such as the weight or the high cost of the garment. Others stop wearing polleras when they achieve a higher social and economic rank. Wearers of polleras cannot ignore the pejorative connotations of their dress, nor can they claim that they do not experience racism because of their appearance.\n\nPolleras matter; they are more than mere clothes. They mark their wearers as “Indian” and as women. The Spanish expression mujeres de pollera (polleras-women) literally implies that women are made of polleras or belong to polleras. The other term for polleras-wearers is chola, a word primarily used to identify Quechua and Aymara Indigenous peoples. Due to the negatives associated with being Indigenous—“ugly,” “dirty,” and “ignorant” are common adjectives—polleras-women do not self-identify as cholas. Instead, they say “me visto de chola” (I dress up as a chola) or “me da bien de chola” (I look good as a chola), as if being a chola were temporary and changeable. Yet Andean women have been wearing polleras for more than five centuries.", null, "Women eat fiambre at the aphtapi. Photo: Angela Tapia Arce.\n\nThe original and ancient polleras have changed, giving way to indigeneity with new edges. Before European invasion of the Andes in 1532, polleras were handmade with natural threads. Today, polleras are made of synthetic printed fabric from China. Polleras style has fixed and “authentic” elements, such as the two long black braids, but other components are the result of industrial technology. In Puno and other cities in the Altiplano, polleras created from handmade cloth are not a valued garment. They communicate that the wearer is poor and does not know what is fashionable or even how to live in the city. When a garment has been on the market for a year or longer, the price can drop by more than 50 percent because polleras fashion trends usually last a year. The businesspeople who control the polleras fashion market are mostly Bolivian polleras-women who travel to China to buy the fabric. In fact, La Paz functions like Paris or New York, setting what is in vogue.\n\nPower versus Invisibility\n\nPolleras lend women a certain authority in their business dealings. A common economic activity among polleras-women is to sell artesanías (handicrafts). These merchants have different kinds of clients, and expectations surrounding the quality of their products vary based on ideas of authenticity. Polleras-women in the artesanías business sell mostly handmade goods of alpaca and baby alpaca, as well as synthetic wool. In contrast, Lucy sells components of the polleras style, dealing mostly in clothing made in China. Her clients are local women who rely on her because she wears what she offers.", null, "Polleras-women await the results of a dance contest at Puno’s main square. Photo: Angela Tapia Arce.\n\nUnlike Lucy, the artisans do not wear the products they make. Their clients are tourists, and not only “gringos” (foreigners); many nacionales (nationals, mostly from Lima) also come looking for crafts from the Altiplano. While tourists frequently dress in dark tones, the polleras worn by Indigenous merchants are brightly colored. Even on the most crowded street in Puno city, tourists initially stand out due to their different skin, both the physical and “social skin” (clothing). The business transactions on this street embed both authenticity and otherness. For Lucy, financial transactions involve authenticity but are associated with fashion and “the other” beauty of the Andes. In both scenarios, the clothes of polleras-women are fundamental for selling their merchandise.\n\nPolleras style is not immune to the influence of Western aesthetics, mainly as regards heterosexual consumption. This is particularly apparent in local celebrations such as the Fiesta de la Virgen de la Candelaria, which has gained international popularity. Polleras are present in all of the dances paying tribute to the patron saint of Puno. However, media images only show garments that expose the female body to the male gaze. In contrast, images of Lucy, or of the polleras-women who sell artesanías, are hidden because these depictions are not welcome in the mainstream Western visual world.", null, "A dancer wears mini-polleras in a parade celebrating the Virgen de la Candelaria in Puno. Photo: Angela Tapia Arce.\n\nPolleras-women are contesting the dominant aesthetics of the West. By wearing polleras they maintain way of being that is a radical departure from Western standards of beauty. As Indigenous women and citizens of a modern society, they experience poverty and racism as part of their day-to-day. Despite all of this, polleras-women define beauty on their own terms. Through the wearing of polleras, they are building their own notion of beauty, even while borrowing elements from those who would reject them. The skirt and other components make polleras into a style of dress; the ideas surrounding polleras make indigeneity and modernity into a textile that is constantly being torn and restitched.\n\nAngela Tapia Arce is a PhD candidate in Latin American Studies at The University of Texas at Austin. She was born into a Quechua family in Puno, Peru. She wrote this article during her fieldwork in the Andes.\n\n1. The finest fiber in the world comes from a small member of the camel family that lives wild in the high alpine areas of the Andes.\n\n2. This adornment has two other names: in Aymara it is kanachankas, and in Quechua it is sinkula.\n\n3. Mary Weismantel, Cholas and Pishtacos: Stories of Race and Sex in the Andes (Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 2001); Andrew Canessa, Intimate Indigeneities: Race, Sex, and History in the Small Spaces of Andean Life (Durham, NC: Duke University Press, 2012); Raquel Ackerman, “Clothes and Identity in the Central Andes: Province of Abancay, Peru,” in Textile Traditions of Mesoamerica and the Andes, ed. Margot Blum Schevill, Janet Catherine Berlo, and Edward B. Dwyer (Austin: University of Texas Press, 2010).\n\n4. Marisol de la Cadena, Earth Beings: Ecologies of Practice across Andean Worlds (Durham, NC: Duke University Press, 2015).\n\n5. Peter Stallybrass, “Worn Worlds: Clothes, Mourning and the Life of Things,” in Cultural Memory and the Construction of Identity, ed. D. Ben-Amos and L. Weissberg (Detroit: Wayne State University Press, 1999)." ]

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[ null, "Washington, D.C.- The Tony Award-winning musical soul adaptation of The Wizard of Oz, The Wiz, made its way back to the stage this month at the historic Ford's Theatre in Washington, D.C. Projection Designer Clint Allen utilized Epson Pro Laser Projectors from 4Wall Entertainment to bring modern projection mapping technology to this musical feast featuring soul, gospel, R&B and pop.\n\nThe Wiz is a large show and requires a multitude of distinct set locations to tell the story.\n\n\"Ford's Theatre did not have enough physical space to accommodate all the scenery required for the production, so we decided to incorporate video,\" explained Projection Designer Clint Allen. \"We made use of the theatre's large white walls and integrated them into the design to envelop the audience in the experience.\"", "4Wall provided a projection package that included 7 Epson Pro Laser Projectors that had a combined output of over 100,000 lumens.\n\n\"The laser projectors gave us the ability to place projectors in any orientation without worrying about lamps,\" said Allen. \"The low fan noise was superb as well and allowed us to get them close to the audience without being a distraction.\"\n\nAllen used (2) Epson Pro L1505U Laser WUXGA 3LCD Projectors in portrait mode for the sidewalls and (2) in landscape mode for the upper arch. (2) Epson Pro L1755U Laser WUXGA 3LCD Projectors edge blended a disc that is centered on the stage. (1) Epson Pro L25000U Laser WUXGA 3LCD Projector was used to fill the entire proscenium from the front.\n\n\"Epson became the obvious choice due to wider lens throws for the 15k lumen projectors,\" explained Allen. \"We used the .64-.77 lenses in the rear and only needed two projectors. With any other manufacturer, we would have had to use 4 projectors.\"\n\nAllen was impressed with 4Wall's newly acquired Epson Pro L25000U Projector that hung about 10 feet above the audience.\n\n\"This projector worked beautifully and gave us a lot of punch even on the black velour curtains,\" said Allen. \"I was able to tie the entire space together with this projector.\"\n\nThe Wiz has opened to numerous sold out shows and positive reviews in part to Allen's projection design and a 4Wall rental package. Allen spoke of the service 4Wall provided.\n\n\"This was my first time using 4Wall for a video package, and the response was great. When we needed a KVM kit or some technical support, they responded quickly and efficiently,\" said Allen. \"Different 4Wall locations were involved at various points in the process and each was attentive and helpful.\"" ]

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[ "NFC champion San Francisco captured its third Super Bowl of the 1980s by defeating AFC-champion Cincinnati 20-16. The 49ers, who also won Super Bowls XVI and XIX, are the first NFC team to win three Super Bowls.\n\n(January 22, 1989) - For the first time in several years, the 1989 Super Bowl was a game worthy of its name.\n\nSuper Bowl XXIII began with hopes that it would not be another in a recent string of one-sided yawners dominated by the National Football Conference. It wound up being the most exciting Super Bowl ever, ending with the most memorable scoring drive this extravaganza had ever witnessed.\n\nSuch a game couldn't have come at a better time for the National Football League. While its title clash had been wallowing in mediocrity, both baseball and basketball could boast of a series of exciting championship events over the previous few years. But this time, the Super Bowl matched the competition with a flourish. And league executives could thank quarterback Joe Montana and the rest of his San Francisco 49er offensive teammates for that.\n\nOf course, as Montana huddled the 49ers near their own 8-yard line with 190 seconds left in the game, the last thing on his mind was the welfare of the Super Bowl. He had a more immediate problem: a three-point deficit on the scoreboard and the prospect of moving 92 yards against a Cincinnati Bengal defense that had surrendered only one touchdown all evening despite the loss of star nose tackle Tim Krumrie in the opening minutes. There really was no reason to think that Montana would have any more success now-except that this was still Joe Montana, the most remarkable pressure quarterback of the 1980s.\n\nSomeone in the 49ers' huddle said something about keeping their poise. Montana, who never has been one for pep talks, told everyone, \"Let's go, be tough.\" That was it. The 49ers were trailing, 16-13, and he wanted a field goal to send the game into overtime. What he did instead was to carve out a piece of Super Bowl history.\n\nAfter so many years of lopsided games -- the last Super Bowl decided by less than 10 points had been seven years before, when, ironically,\n\nSan Francisco defeated Cincinnati, 26-21-this Super Bowl already had been refreshingly tense, a rare defensive battle in an era of offensive routs. The Bengals' bully-boy offense hadn't even scored a touchdown, yet Cincinnati still led on a 93-yard Stanford Jennings kickoff return and three Jim Breech field goals. Now it was Montana's turn to see if he could salvage a victory for the favored 49ers on this mild evening before a sellout crowd of 75,129 in Miami's Joe Robbie Stadium.\n\n\"When you see Joe do it in the clutch as much as we have, you think he can do it every time,\" 49ers offensive tackle Bubba Paris said. \"He's very businesslike. Doesn't say much; just goes about his work.\"\n\nMany of the Bengals stood nervously along their bench as the 49ers began their final drive. A teammate told receiver Cris Collinsworth, \"We've got 'em now.\" Collinsworth shot back: \"Have you taken a look at who's quarterbacking the 49ers?\"\n\nNo one had to be reminded that Montana was the same man who, seven years earlier, had inspired a last-minute march against Dallas in the NFC title game that ended successfully with \"The Catch\" by Dwight Clark, a play that has become part of Bay Area sports lore. But this time, the stakes were greater and Montana had even less time in which to work his magic.\n\nAnd he still hadn't quite figured out Cincinnati's puzzling defense. The Bengals had given up lots of yards -- San Francisco would finish with 454 in all-but had allowed only one touchdown, a 14-yard scoring pass to wide receiver Jerry Rice early in the fourth quarter. They had frustrated the 49ers, and Montana especially was displeased with some of his earlier passing reads, which he thought had cost his team at least two touchdowns.\n\nMontana came out this time hoping the Bengals would continue to play man-to-man pass coverage. They did, and he immediately took advantage as he directed the 49ers' hurry-up offense, going quickly down the middle first to running back Roger Craig for eight yards and then to tight end John Frank for seven more and a first down. After Rice caught a seven-yard pass in the flat, Craig was tripped up for a one-yard gain, bringing up third and two at the 49er 31-yard line.\n\nMontana, who was calling his own signals, sent Craig off right guard. Craig read the block of guard Guy McIntyre, who nudged Skip McClendon enough to free Craig for a four-yard gain and a first down at the 35. The 49ers then called their first timeout with 1:54 remaining.\n\n\"We were functioning like a machine by then,\" Paris said. \"You could feel the intensity in the huddle. It was happening again.\"\n\nThe Bengals were getting anxious. Even safety David Fulcher, who had played a tremendous game, sensed that the game might be slipping away. \"They were in a spread and we were in a nickel,\" he said, \"and things open up for an offense when you only rush two or three men. They executed well, and maybe you could say things were happening so fast that we didn't get our feet settled.\"\n\nThings would happen even faster. After the timeout, Montana connected with Rice on a down-and-out pattern past cornerback Eric Thomas for 17 yards. He then hit Craig for another 13 yards. With the ball at the Bengal 35, Montana threw incomplete.\n\n\"I probably should have called timeout,\" he said. \"From all the yelling and audibling I was doing, I was getting pretty excited and I started to have a hard time catching my breath. That never happened before. But I went ahead anyway.\"\n\nA completion to Craig on a curl pattern over the middle was nullified by a penalty on center Randy Cross for being illegally downfield before the throw. That potentially crippling 10-yard penalty put the 49ers back on the Cincinnati 45, but Montana promptly threw a deep slant-in to Rice, who managed to slide between cornerback Lewis Billups, Fulcher and Ray Horton, the Bengals' fifth defensive back, to snare the ball and then run another 14 yards for a 27-yard gain. With their fifth first down of the drive, the 49ers had the ball at the Cincinnati 18-yard line. \"That's when I started thinking touchdown,\" Montana said.\n\nSaid the veteran Cross, who retired after the game: \"Even if we had to pick up Joe en masse and carry him over the goal line, we were going to get a touchdown.\"\n\nOn first down, Montana again found Craig over the middle for eight more yards. With 39 seconds to go and the ball 10 yards from the goal line, the 49ers called their second timeout.\n\n\"We had noticed (in films) that near the goal line, the Bengals like to bracket their coverage, doubling the outside receivers,\" Montana said. \"We wanted to use our wide receivers to spread it out and open up the middle.\"\n\nThe play call was 20 Halfback Curl X-Up. Craig, running yet another curl pattern, was the primary target. But the play got off to a bad start when Craig and fullback Tom Rathman lined up in the wrong spots-Craig on the right side of the backfield, Rathman on the left, rather than vice versa.\n\n\"When we broke the huddle I saw Tom line up on the left,\" Craig said, \"and that wasn't the time to argue, so I just lined up on the right. The fact that I was on the wrong side didn't even affect Joe. He is so smooth, it's incredible. He looked at me first, just as he's supposed to, despite the fact I was on the wrong side. I was double-covered, so he went to the next guy.\"\n\n\"The next guy\" was wide receiver John Taylor, who ran a few strides straight into the end zone, nodded his head as if he would cut outside, then turned slightly inside and moved to the back of the end zone. With Rice running as a decoy into the Bengals' two-deep zone, Taylor had only Horton to beat. Horton was late coming over and Montana rifled a strike to Taylor for a game-winning touchdown.\n\n\"All I could think was, 'Catch the ball,'\" said Taylor, who had been suspended at the start of the season for violating the league's drug abuse policy. \"I was just trying to draw a defensive back, but when I turned around, no one was inside.\"\n\nMontana broke out in a wide grin and pumped his arms. He had done it again, marching the 49ers 92 yards in 11 plays to take the lead with just 34 seconds remaining. Mike Cofer's extra-point kick made it 20-16, which stood as the final score after the Bengals failed to move the ball out of their own territory in the final half-minute.\n\nNever before had a Super Bowl been won on a touchdown so late in the game. Leave it to Montana to change that.\n\n\"I just hope now they'll stop saying, 'He's right up there with the best,'\" Cross said. \"He's the greatest big-game player I've seen, period.\"\n\nFor Cincinnati, the defeat was crushing. \"You're 34 seconds away from a glorious victory and the next thing you know, you are using all the cliches you use in a losing locker room,\" quarterback Boomer Esiason said. \"It is a very frustrating feeling. When you come so close to the top of the mountain and lose it this way, it really hurts.\"\n\nBengals Coach Sam Wyche fought back tears. He had almost beaten his mentor, 49ers Coach Bill Walsh, only to be outfoxed by Montana. Ironically, when Wyche was a rookie quarterback coach for the 49ers in 1979, his first pupil had been Montana, a rookie out of Notre Dame.\n\n\"I don't know of anybody,\" Wyche said, \"who can play as well in the clutch as Joe does.\"\n\nIt was a smashing ending to what had been a mysterious season for San Francisco. The 49ers, who at one point were a dismal 6-5, went through a quarterback controversy when Walsh kept using Steve Young over Montana, and they survived an ankle injury to Rice and a lackluster passing attack. But once Rice healed and Walsh committed himself to Montana, San Francisco emerged as the league's best team. The 49ers won four of their last five games to claim the NFC West title and then whipped Minnesota and Chicago in the playoffs to set up their third Super Bowl victory in the 1980s.\n\n\"What makes this the sweetest,\" safety Ronnie Lott said, \"is everything we went through to get this far. The first two, we breezed through the season and expected to win. This one, we had to struggle. It makes it better.\"\n\nIt also was the sweetest for Montana, who labeled this comeback the best of his career, and for Walsh, who became only the second head coach to win three Super Bowl rings (Pittsburgh's Chuck Noll won four). Walsh then decided to go out on top, announcing four days after the Super Bowl that he was retiring as coach and moving into the 49ers' front office.\n\nWalsh undoubtedly was one of the great coaches of his era. But he also was blessed with some great players over the years, with Montana, Rice and Craig foremost among the standouts on his third world championship team.\n\nRice, the most gifted receiver in the game,\n\n49ers couldn't get into an offensive rhythm in the first half, settling for a 41-yard Cofer field goal despite a couple of good scoring opportunities. One drive ended at the Cincinnati 2-yard line when Cofer, hurt by a bad snap from Cross, hooked a 19-yard field-goal attempt. Then after the 49ers forced the Bengals to punt and Taylor set a Super Bowl record with a 45-yard runback to the Cincinnati 46, Craig lost a fumble three plays later. Fulcher knocked the ball loose after Craig had rambled for 16 yards.\n\n\"When I went to tackle him on this play, he made a cut and I couldn't hit him where I wanted to,\" Fulcher said. \"As he went by me I kind of threw my elbow up, and I had enough power to knock him off-balance and the ball came out.\"\n\nThe Bengals, however, were having even less offensive success, managing only 93 first-half yards. Esiason, who came into the playoffs with a sore finger on his left (passing) hand, continued his erratic throwing with a four-for12, 48-yard half. The Bengals' only score came on a 34-yard field goal by Breech to tie the game at 3-3 with 1:15 left in the half.\n\nEsiason assured Wyche that his arm felt fine. \"I felt strong throwing the ball,\" he said. \"I felt the velocity was back in my arm. Maybe the accuracy was off, but for the most part I felt the power in my arm was back.\"\n\nNot since Pittsburgh led Minnesota, 2-0, in Super Bowl IX had so few points been scored in the first half. But more important for Cincinnati, Krumrie couldn't play. He had broken his left leg in two places midway through the first quarter, costing the Bengals their best interior tackler and inspirational leader. The 49ers were weakened when offensive tackle Steve Wallace broke a leg on the game's third play.\n\nWhen the Bengals opened the third quarter with a sustained drive that began at their 14, Esiason and his mates finally appeared to be in sync. Cincinnati, the league's top rushing team, had hoped to pound the ball on the ground behind its large offensive line, but San Francisco's quicker defenders had cut into that tactic. On this drive, however, Esiason threw completions of 23 yards to Collinsworth and 20 to running back James Brooks, then 11 to Collinsworth for a first down at the San Francisco 22. It was time to turn to muscle.\n\nBut the 49ers had more. They limited Woods to a three-yard gain, then dropped him for a one-yard loss before Esiason's third-down pass fell incomplete. Breech had to come on for a 43-yard field goal. The Bengals led, 6-3, but after a possession consuming 9:21, they still didn't have a touchdown. It was a disheartening turn.\n\n\"I think we were successful because we played disciplined defense against them,\" San Francisco safety Jeff Fuller said. \"We had noticed on film that Ickey likes to cut back and defenses were playing soft and overpursuing. We stayed in our assignments and when he cut back, someone was there to stop him.\"\n\nSan Francisco already had forced the Bengals to scrap their no-huddle offense, which was designed to limit an opponent's ability to shift players into and out of the lineup for special situations. The 49ers liked to substitute freely, but they decided to go with basic defenses and refrain from shuffling personnel.\n\n\"By not trying to outthink them but just play solid defense, we didn't get confused,\" Fuller said.\n\nThe 49ers spent halftime making some offensive adjustments to neutralize Fulcher, who had been sensational. They started using two tight ends, trying to cut down on the effectiveness of his blitzing, and they concentrated on running away from him. Slowly, the change worked.\n\n\"In our defensive strategy, my job is to force the run inside, but they never seemed to run at me,\" Fulcher said. \"They said they stayed away from me in the second half, huh? To be honest, I think they stayed away from me all day.\"\n\nSan Francisco tied it up, 6-6, on Cofer's 32-yard field goal following rookie linebacker Bill Romanowski's interception of Esiason at the Bengal 23. That score came in the final minute of the third period, but before the teams could change sides, Jennings took the ensuing kickoff and raced through the middle of the 49er coverage team. He reached the end zone 93 yards later without making a single cut. After Breech's successful extra-point kick, Cincinnati had a 13-6 lead.\n\n\"I was scared,\" Lott said, looking at the scoreboard.\n\nBut the 49ers still had Montana and Rice. On the first two plays of their next possession, Montana connected with Rice for a 31-yard gain and with Craig for 40 more and a first down at the Cincinnati 14. Billups should have intercepted the next pass, intended for Taylor in the end zone, but he dropped it. So Montana immediately tossed a fade toward Rice, who got a step on Billups and waved the ball around the goal-line pylon for a touchdown. Cofer's kick tied it again at 13.\n\n\"I just went upfield and headed for the cone,\" said Rice, whose long arms, strong hands, leaping ability and agility make him so dangerous to cover.\n\nSaid Montana: \"I knew immediately we had a touchdown if I could throw it right. They couldn't stick with him one-on-one like they tried.\"\n\nThe 49ers lost another scoring opportunity on their next possession when Cofer missed a 49-yard field-goal attempt. The Bengals responded with an 11-play drive that was sparked by Esiason's 17-yard completion to wide receiver Ira Hillary on third and 13. Woods ran 10 yards for a first down in 49er territory, and Esiason hit Brooks for 12 yards and another first down.\n\n\"The middle of our line was controlling things,\" Bengals tackle Anthony Munoz said. \"Right then I felt we were going to win it.\"\n\nAt the 49er 22, Breech gave the Bengals a 16-13 lead with a 40-yard field goal. That set up the scintillating final three minutes in which\n\nthe 49ers gave the NFC its fifth straight Super Bowl victory.\n\nMontana's marvelous game-winning drive left the Bengals, who had suffered a dismal 1987 season (4-11) that almost cost Wyche his job, just 34 seconds short of winning the Super Bowl. That's why the loss hurt so much.\n\n\"After Jimmy kicked that field goal, with the way the defense had been playing, I figured this was going to be a sweet ride home,\" Esiason said.\n\nSaid Woods: \"We're kind of feeling sorry for ourselves. To lose the game like that is devastating. We played a whale of a game and we should have won, but we didn't.\"\n\nOne man who had played better games but won anyway was Cross. The 13-year veteran avoided wearing the goat horns when his teammates overcame his bad snap on Cofer's errant chip shot and his costly penalty on the last drive. \"I will be no more than a little footnote in the game,\" he said.\n\nAs a newly retired player, Cross was able to put the game itself in historical perspective.\n\n\"You know,\" he said, \"finally, after 23 years, the Super Bowl is finally super. This is a game you can look back and say, 'That was a great game.'\"\n\n* Article from The Sporting News", "1988 Schedule (13-6)", null, "Scoring Summary\n\n1st Quarter\nSF - FG Cofer 41 (11:46)\n2nd Quarter\nCIN - FG Breech 34 (13:45)\n3rd Quarter\nCIN - FG Breech 43 (9:21)\nSF - FG Cofer 32 (14:10)\nCIN - Jennings 93 kickoff return (Breech kick) (14:26)\nSF - Rice 14 pass from Montana (Cofer kick) (0:57)\nCIN - FG Breech 40 (11:40)\nSF - Taylor 10 pass from Montana (Cofer kick) (14:26)" ]

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[ null, "This fits your .\n\nSpecification- High Quality Replacement Car charger. Protective circuit to prevent overcharging (IC chip)! Supplies consistent power to your device for uninterrupted viewing. Voltage : 6V Output 5VDC 2A PLEASE NOTE: NOT compatible with the Archos 101 Titanium. Compatibility. Archos Media Tablets 70 and 101 Archos Internet Tablet 101", "R. G. Gray\n4.0 out of 5 starsDoes the Job\n25 April 2012\nGood product it does the job but could do with a longer lead as plugging into the cigaret lighter in the front the chances are your using the Archos in the back and it barely reaches." ]

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[ null, "Regular price: $24.95\n\nNo way out - Catherine Martin is trapped. Either she weds an elderly man and commit to a marriage without love or continues living with the father who believes her guilty of murder, having one foot outside the asylum. Catherine picks marriage to the duke of Ashton, Grant Fielding. However, when she stays with the Fielding family before the wedding, she doesn't plan on falling in love...with Grant's nephew, Nicholas.\n\nDestined for a lonely life, Nicholas Fielding loves his uncle's soon-to-be bride and has loved her since they were children. Now Nick must choose between his dying uncle's last wish to marry and the woman who will make Nick happy for the rest of his life. No matter how hard Nick tries, he cannot stop his love for Catherine.\n\nA flurry of accidents begin to happen around the Fielding estate, and soon all accusing eyes turn to Catherine. When the accidents escalate to murder, suspicions abound, and even Catherine's father believes she's gone mad. Does Nick love her enough to discover the truth?" ]

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[ "Cosby confined to his home as team decries 'public lynching'\n\n8:58am Apr 28, 2018", null, "Bill Cosby's team blasted his sexual-assault trial as a \"public lynching\" and began looking ahead to an appeal as the judge ordered house arrest for the 80-year-old comedian and said he would be outfitted with a GPS ankle monitoring device.\n\nCosby's appeal seems certain to focus on the judge's decision to let a parade of women testify that they, too, were abused by the former TV star.\n\nDefense allegations of a biased juror and the admission of Cosby's explosive testimony about drugs and sex are among other possible avenues of appeal as he tries to avoid a sentence that could keep him in prison for the rest of his days.\n\nCosby remains free on $1 million bail while he awaits sentencing, probably within three months.\n\nJudge Steven O'Neill said Cosby would be confined to his suburban Philadelphia home in the meantime. The judge's order, issued Friday afternoon, said the comic may leave his house to meet with his lawyers or to get medical treatment, but must get permission first.\n\nCosby kept out of sight and was spending time with his wife of 54 years, Camille, in the wake of his conviction Thursday on charges he drugged and molested Temple University women's basketball administrator Andrea Constand at his home outside Philadelphia in 2004.\n\n\"Truth prevails,\" she wrote.\n\nCosby's publicists likened the \"Cosby Show\" star to Emmett Till, the black teenager who was kidnapped and murdered after witnesses said he whistled at a white woman in a Mississippi grocery store in 1955. Constand is white.\n\n\"He maintains his innocence, and he is going to walk around as a man who's innocent because he didn't do anything wrong,\" Cosby spokesman Andrew Wyatt said on ABC's \"Good Morning America.\"\n\nThe conviction triggered more fallout for Cosby, whose career and reputation were already wrecked by a barrage of accusations from more than 60 women who said he drugged and molested them over a span of 50 years.\n\nTemple University, the Philadelphia school that counted Cosby as its most famous alum, revoked his honorary degree.\n\nCosby maintained close ties with Temple, serving as its public face and often turning out to support its basketball teams — an interest that connected him with Constand.\n\nThe defense is likely to focus its appeal on the judge's decision to allow five additional accusers to testify. That ruling was a victory for prosecutors eager to move the case beyond a he-said, she-said.\n\nOne of those women called Cosby a \"serial rapist.\" Another choked back tears as she asked, \"You remember, don't you, Mr. Cosby?\" A third declared: \"I was raped.\"\n\nThe women's testimony introduced a \"huge amount of prejudice and bias,\" Cosby spokeswoman Ebonee Benson said on ABC.\n\n\"I think that his lawyers have a very real chance at overturning the verdict,\" said Christopher Adams, a defense attorney whose clients have included former NBA star Jayson Williams.\n\n\"It's one thing if they looked at one or two, but five? He wasn't charged with being a serial assaulter,\" Adams said.\n\nGenerally, testimony about a defendant's past misconduct is admissible only under certain circumstances — for example, if it shows motive or intent.\n\nOnly one other accuser was permitted to testify at Cosby's first trial, which ended in a hung jury last year.\n\nThe Cosby camp also complained about a juror who allegedly said before the trial that he thought the comedian was guilty. Cosby's lawyers tried unsuccessfully to have the man removed.\n\nThe defense is also expected to raise on appeal O'Neill's ruling that allowed jurors to hear portions of a deposition Cosby gave over a decade ago as part of Constand's lawsuit against him. In the deposition, the TV star acknowledged obtaining quaaludes in the 1970s to give to women he wanted to have sex with.\n\nHow the jury arrived at its verdict remained a mystery. The judge did not immediately make public the names of the seven men and five women, prompting The Associated Press and other news organizations to go to court Friday in a bid to get them released.\n\nThe three counts of aggravated indecent assault carry up to 10 years in prison each, but the charges are likely to be merged into one for sentencing purposes." ]

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[ null, "ashton / CC\n\nIt’s ice-cream-eating season.  So someone talked to a guy at Ben & Jerry’s who works as a, quote, “Flavor Guru,” and asked him how to avoid BRAIN FREEZE.  And his best tip is really simple:  Just turn the spoon upside down.\n\nBrain freeze happens when something cold touches a bundle of nerves on the top of your mouth, near the back.  (They’re called your “sphenopalatine ganglion” . . . pronounced sveen-oh-PAL-uh-tine GANG-glee-uh.  Or SPG for short.)\n\nAnd turning your spoon upside down helps, because it allows your tongue to heat up the ice cream a little bit before there’s any direct contact with that group of nerves.\n\nThat won’t really work with something like a Slurpee though.  And it could still happen with ice cream, even if you do the spoon trick.  So we’ve also got three quick ways to GET RID of brain freeze . . .\n\n1.  Press your thumb up into the roof of your mouth to warm the nerves back up.  Or if that’s too gross, use your tongue.\n\n2.  Breathe with your hands cupped over your mouth.  Which uses the heat from your breath to warm the nerves back up." ]

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[ "Thunderbird Arrow Finish is a unique finish that starts out as a lacquer and dries to a tough polyurethane.\n\nThis very high quality finish is ideal for longbows, recurves, selfbows, and arrows. It remains flexible and will not crack under any weather conditions. It is extremely resistant to gasoline, alcohol, and water. Thunderbird Arrow Finish is a medium viscosity product with a 21% solid content. This material can be reduced up to 20% for spraying with Thunderbird Slow Drying Lacquer Thinner. For dipping arrows, thin approximately 40%.\n\nDO NOT clean-up or reduce with mineral spirits or alcohol.\n\nThunderbird Slow Drying Lacquer Thinner is specifically designed for thinning Thunderbird Arrow Finish when building bows or arrows. If you are seeing a cloudiness in your Thunderbird Finish when it dries, add some of this thinner. Sold by the quart.\n\nVery popular with arrow builders and bowyers alike. If you are looking for a rugged finish that really locks out the moisture from bows and arrows give Thunderbird Arrow Finish and Thunderbird Arrow Finish Thinner a try.", null ]

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[ "It's time for everyone to become familiar with the competition rules.  I've placed a link below for the IBJJF rule book.  Let me know if you have any questions or need clarification about any of the rules.  See you on the mats!\n\nIBJJF Rule Book Download", null, "Posted by Adam Evans at January 28, 2018" ]

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[ "Hike the Sope Creek Trail to the ruins of a stacked-stone Civil War-era paper mill on the banks of a rocky creek, and then loop to a serene pond in a scenic Chattahoochee River park in Atlanta.\n\nLOCATION:Chattahoochee River in metro Atlanta, Georgia\n\nRATED: 4.8/5 (5 reviews)\n\nHome > Hiking Trails > Sope Creek Trail: hiking the mill ruins and pond loop\n\nTucked into a high-end neighborhood just outside Atlanta, Sope Creek Park offers over three miles of scenic hiking, mountain biking, and running trails. The park’s extensive network of trails explore the stone ruins of a paper mill destroyed by Union troops during the Civil War, now standing in multi-story, castle-like ruins.\n\nAlongside the paper mill ruins, Sope Creek flows broad and shallow, coursing through angular shoals under a canopy of trees towards the wide Chattahoochee River downstream. And there’s a large, glassy pond near the trailhead that offers tranquil views and, in warm-weather months, abundant wildflowers along its banks.", "Above: hike the Sope Creek Trail to the remains of a Civil War-era paper mill in Atlanta\n\nSope Creek Park is one of many parks in the Chattahoochee River National Recreation Area – a network of fantastic parks and hiking trails on the Chattahoochee River in Metro Atlanta. Compared to other parks in the Chattahoochee River NRA like the ultra-popular Cochran Shoals Trail, Sope Creek is usually less crowded, offering a quiet, local escape from Atlanta’s whirlwind of traffic, noise, and concrete. This scenic loop explores the park’s highlights, visiting the paper mill ruins on both sides of Sope’s rocky creek bed before looping to the placid waters of Sibley Pond.", "Sope Creek Trail: the hike\n\nThe hike departs from the Sope Creek trailhead (see the trail maps and driving directions), traveling east and dropping elevation through a young hardwood forest. Sope Creek Park offers an extensive trail network, and numbered signposts and maps at each major trail intersection help with wayfinding through the park’s maze of trails. From the trailhead, this hike travels eastbound to signposts SC3 and SC4, and then drops to the paper mill ruins at SC27. The hike reaches the towering 19th-century mill ruins at just under .5 mile.", "The mill was built in 1855 and was destroyed by Union troops during the Civil War, targeted for its role in paper production used for Confederate currency. The remnants of the foundation and walls stand, cathedral-like, beside Sope Creek, and a small spillway waterfall tumbles beside the stone ruins. Following the paths around the ruins, the hike reaches the creek’s banks and begins following the creek’s flow downstream, hiking southeast and away from the bridge. The creek tumbles over strewn angular boulders, flowing past the 19th-century paper mill ruins. Colorful wildflowers line the creek’s banks, stretching tall to reach the sunlight streaming through the leafy canopy above.", "Before reaching a side creek that flows from Sibley Pond, the hike skips over the creek’s rocky, angular bed to visit the foundation and ruins of a second mill building on the opposite bank.\n\nThe hike crosses back to the creek’s western banks, following a small tributary creek uphill to signpost SC6. The hike turns left at SC6, crossing the creek via stepping stones and winding through the shady forest to SC7 and SC13. Reaching SC13, the hike hangs a right, traveling westbound to the banks of Sibley Pond.", "The pond is often unusually clear: peer quietly from the shore to glimpse its inhabitants, including turtles and large fish. The hike follows the paths around Sibley Pond to SC17 and SC15, making a loop around its grassy, wildflower-lined shore. At SC15, this hike turns left, hiking northwest to the Sope Creek trailhead, and completing the adventure at 1.5 miles.\n\nMore Sope Creek hiking adventures\n\nUp for some more mileage at the park, and a high-mileage intown hike? Sope Creek’s network of trails connect to the popular Cochran Shoals Trail on the Chattahoochee River. Check out our Cochran Shoals to Sope Creek trail review for more info and maps for this 8.5-mile adventure that visits Sope Creek’s ruins, the banks of the wide-flowing ‘Hooch, and a small, historic cemetery between the two parks.", null ]

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[ null, "Chris H. C. Tsai\n\nBaker & McKenzie\n\nChris Tsai’s practice covers mergers and acquisitions, venture capital and private equity, as well as antitrust and non-performing loans. Prior to joining Baker McKenzie, Mr. Tsai worked as an analyst at Concord Venture Capital Co., Ltd and as a credit analyst at the Taipei branch of Banque Nationale de Paris. He passed both the Taiwan Bar examination and the judiciary qualification examination in 1999.\n\nMr. Tsai focuses his practice on joint venture and M&A work, as well as general corporate advice. He has considerable experience advising on several transactions of non-performing loan sales in Taiwan." ]

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[ null, null, "Expected availability: 1-3 Business Days\n\nYou Pay: $69.00\n\nDeeJay LED DJ153 overview\n\nThe 12W LED Par Can Fixture with DMX Control from DeeJay LED features a blacklight pinspot and RGB LEDs that respond to 5 channels of DMX control and comes with built-in, sound-activated, and automated programs. The hanging bracket doubles as a floor stand for mounting flexibility." ]

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[ "Apologetics at the Cross\n\nwith Josh Chatraw\n\nSean McDowell, Scott B. Rae — May 17, 2018", null, "What is the most effective approach for defending the faith today? What does it mean to do apologetics through the lens of the cross? Sean and Scott interview professor Josh Chatraw about his new book, \"Apologetics at the Cross.\" Josh offers some lessons for evangelism and apologetics today from the early church fathers, and also addresses some of the most pressing questions asked today by both believers and non-believers.\n\nEpisode Transcript\n\nSean McDowell: Welcome to the podcast Think Biblically: Conversations on Faith and Culture. I'm your host Sean McDowell, Professor of Apologetics at Talbot School of Theology, Biola University.\n\nScott Rae: I'm your co-host Scott Rae, Professor of Christian Ethics, Dean of Faculty also at Talbot School of Theology, Biola University.\n\nSean McDowell: We're here today with a guest who's a friend of mine, and because of his interest in apologetics, we have just a common passion for the church today. He's written a recent book called \"Apologetics at the Cross\". My friend Josh Chatraw is the head of Apologetics at Liberty University. You recently wrote a book with an interesting title called \"Apologetics at the Cross\". You weren't always a fan of apologetics. Can you just tell us your story a little bit of why you came to think this is important for individual Christians and the church especially in our cultural moment today?\n\nJosh Chatraw: Yeah. I wasn't always a fan of apologetics, but I was a Christian early on in life. Maybe that was part of it. I grew up in a Christian home, and the Gospel just made sense to me. I went off to college, and when I was at college I played college soccer at a school in Georgia, a state school called Georgia Southern. I got really serious about my faith at the time, but it was the only Christian on the team. You would think maybe that that would be the time where apologetics would've resonated with me, but in fact it didn't. I knew one thing, I knew the Gospel. I was learning how to study the bible, and I would just share the Gospel with my teammates. At least this crew, we weren't the most intellectual crew, so it was like a lot of them weren't interested, but a few guys came to Christ. They respected what I was saying, they respected me as a person, so I didn't necessarily even see the need because of my peer group at the time, even as I was doing ministry.\n\nBut then towards the end of my time I took a New Testament class at a state school, which can be a dangerous thing to do, and all of a sudden I was just hearing things about the Bible, pretty standard things, I think, in Critical Studies. But it just blew me away, and I began to say, okay, are there answers to these things and how come I've never heard this before. Even though I'd grown up in the church, I was pretty ill equipped to try to deal with this personally. It started off as just a personal need really, actually not with the guys I was ministering to.\n\nThen fast forward the story a little bit, I go off to seminary, have a little bit of training in apologetics, but then when I come to the church, I'm just finding this need actually working with college that they're having all these questions. At the same time, I was doing a PhD program, so all of a sudden out of this practical need to try to help people I got into apologetics even though I was on a theological track at the time.\n\nSean McDowell: I think it's interesting that you describe how being in the church is when you started getting questions from college students and apologetics really became important to you. Yet earlier when you were in the church, you never learned apologetics per se. Why do you think that is? Why do you think many churches don't teach it? Is it a lack of understanding, lack of importance? What do you think is at the heart of the issue?\n\nJosh Chatraw: I actually think it's probably multiple things going on there. One of the problems we've had in evangelicalism is a certain lack of seriousness sometimes with how we treat discipleship of students, and so there's just a lack of maybe seriousness. I think I see some changes there that I'm encouraged about, but that was, I think, maybe in part my experience just in youth group and things growing up.\n\nI also do wonder though sometimes maybe if it's not just the church's fault. Maybe as apologists, we haven't maybe thought about some things going on in the church how we could do this better. And I think that's part of what we were doing with \"Apologetics at the Cross\". Sometimes apologetics can not feel very pastoral and we don't take our context in mind. I sometimes wonder if while we're lamenting an anti-intellectualism that is there and is real maybe the way this is being presented and even being taught at a graduate and seminary level is in such a way that it actually ... the pastors don't exactly know how to implement this into their church. That was one of really our concerns and passions as we're working on this book project for the last few years.\n\nScott Rae: Josh, it's pretty common, I think, in a lot of our churches to hear people say that, well, people are loved into the kingdom not argued into it. As an apologist, how would you respond to that statement?\n\nJosh Chatraw: I would say that we shouldn't have to pick between those. I would want to affirm part of that and say yes, we're called to love. People will know that we are His disciples by how we love one another, and so that is our calling. But I would say we should never pit word against deed or vice versa. Certainly we should love people, but one of the ways we love people is that we're willing to talk to them and help them work through their problems and work through their questions. There's something we can affirm there that's really important and we shouldn't go off on either extreme.\n\nScott Rae: Seems to me that what's at the heart of that is that the recognition in many cases our apologetic is actually designed to win an argument not necessarily win a person. I think that's important to recognize those are two really different things.\n\nJosh Chatraw: Yeah, absolutely.\n\nSean McDowell: Tell me what you mean by apologetics at the cross, and how is this different from the way apologetics is often done?\n\nJosh Chatraw: On one hand, one of the things we were trying to do was when we started looking at actually how people were being trained at an undergraduate and a graduate level there seemed to be this disconnect between maybe the way books were being presented and then ... It was left up to the pastor or the person going into ministry to translate this for their ministry, for how to actually do this in a dialogical way, to do this in a conversational way. This isn't at all anti-intellectual, but it's a matter of integrating disciplines.\n\nWhat we say was we saw a lot of books that really helped us and were really instrumental in our own development, but they tended to be strong philosophically but not historically, or they tended to be strong in one way or the other. What we were looking to do with \"Apologetics at the Cross\" is really integrate disciplines but then around, and here's the theological part, some of that's the [projical 00:07:50] part, but around what we think is the core biblical motif, which is the Gospel itself.\n\nWe asked the question, it came up one time in a humorous way. I was teaching a class, and I asked my students why they got into apologetics. One of my students, he was ex-military, he said, \"Well, that's easy. I wanna crush the atheists at their own intellectual game.\" I said, \"We are talking about Christian apologetics, right?\" I smiled, and he did, too, and he got my point.\n\nBut that got me thinking what is distinctly Christian about how we're doing apologetics and what if we took the core part of Christianity, the core theological motif, which is the Gospel itself, and then not only our words but our posture and our tone and even how we're going to develop this is actually built around the Gospel. Even thought that wasn't quite what I was saying at the moment, later as I was reflecting on that and reading in some different areas that became a central driving theme of how do we integrate all these different disciplines for the sake of the church in apologetics built around the Gospel.\n\n\"Apologetics at the Cross\", the cross is really we're just using that as a shorthand for the Gospel as we see Paul do in some of his letters.\n\nScott Rae: Josh, I wanted to make reference to a part of one of Paul's letters that I think speaks to the place of apologetics culturally today. In 1 Corinthians 2, the first part of that, Paul's very clear that he does not come to the Corinthians with eloquence or wisdom. He's not this impressive guy. He's not knocking their socks off with this compelling argument, but he comes with humility and the scandalous message of the cross and the power of the Spirit. If that's the case, then why are we doing apologetics in the first place? Because if it's just about the preaching the scandal of the cross and the power of the Spirit, then what use is apologetics within that argument that Paul makes?\n\nJosh Chatraw: Yeah. In our book, we talk about how 1 Peter 3:15-16 is the standard apologetic proof text. If there's an anti-apologetic proof text, it's 1 Corinthians 2:1-5. In fact, he says, \"I decided to know nothing among you except Jesus Christ, and him crucified\", which on one level if you're reading it in just I think on a surface level you could say, well, let's just throw out apologetics and just bring in the Gospel. That's all we need is the Gospel. I think there's several good reasons why most Christians don't read it like that. I think one reason is because if you read the whole letter of 1 Corinthians, he's doing lots of other things other than talking about the Gospel. It seems like Paul is saying something there that's important, but he's not saying don't talk about anything else. I think it's Don Carson, the New Testament scholar, who says that here Paul is in essence saying I'm gonna know nothing else apart from the Gospel. If I'm gonna think about marriage, if I'm gonna talk about family, if I'm gonna talk about life, if I'm gonna talk about work, I'm going to eventually connect it to the Gospel explicitly, and I'm also gonna think ... and I would even suggest even we could go further and say we should think about these things in light of this kind of core Gospel message.\n\nI think the context here is important, too. Remembering that Paul's speaking to a particular culture here that so prizes this kind of rhetoric. And it seems what's going on is he's in the situation where they're judging the Gospel message by the type of electricity that he brings with his rhetoric. This is a line ... Paul's very contextual, but he'll also draw a line at times. He seems to be saying, hey, if you're going to use your own games to judge the Gospel, I'm going to highlight the ... and he turns the table on them and says this is this strange thing that ... of a cross, of a crucified Messiah, which is very counter cultural. In some ways it still is. So, he turns the table on them, and he say I'm not gonna play your games because you're judging me by these cultural standards. Paul will contextualize, but he will draw the line at certain times.\n\nScott Rae: I think if you read a little further in that passage, too, Paul will point out that the Corinthians themselves weren't particularly impressive either, so the demand for this rhetorical flourish in their Gospel presentation was a bit hypocritical.\n\nLet me followup one other thing on that. Of course apologetics has value because of the passage 1 Peter 3 that you mentioned. I like to put it that it's really tough. It is true that people are not argued into the kingdom, they are loved into the kingdom. But the heart generally doesn't rejoice in what the mind also rejects, so there's a real place, I think, for apologetics to set up what sociologists call a plausibility structure for faith. That makes a big difference.\n\nBut the Bible's also really clear that we proclaim the Gospel, we don't bring people to Christ. We proclaim the Gospel, we invite people to believe, but changing people's hearts is ultimately God's responsibility through the work of the Spirit. How does apologetics fit into that overall, I think, umbrella that it's the Spirit's work that ultimately brings people to faith?\n\nJosh Chatraw: It's obviously the Holy Spirit works through his word and through his people. We are the body of Christ and the Spirit is working in our lives and in our lives as a community. As we're presenting the Gospel, we're praying the Holy Spirit will work. And as we're sharing the Gospel and as we're taking on challenges to the Gospel and we're explaining the Gospel and we're using apologetics, I think it should be bathed in prayer. It's not a secular task.\n\nCharles Taylor in his work \"A Secular Age\", which is really philosophically and sociologically on the backdrop of a lot of our book here with \"Apologetics at the Cross\", one of the things he observes about something that happened in the 17th and 18th century is apologetics became this kind of ... He talks about how a lot of the elements of prayer and devotion and Christology were lopped off of apologetics, and it seemed more of arguing for deism. He says this was a big problem with how people actually took up the task of apologetics. They seeded the game, so to speak, and it became over-rational without this kind of deep devotion tied in with it.\n\nAnd I agree with Taylor. I'm not saying that's where we're at. I think sometimes today apologists are sometimes given a poor rap today on this one because I never have actually heard and apologist play off the Holy Spirit from arguments. They tend to want to emphasize when they're talking to Christians the importance of the Holy Spirit, and that's from apologists from a variety of traditions. So, I think sometimes maybe unfortunately there's a certain caricature against apologists. And maybe we need to emphasize that some more, but I've never actually heard any apologist make that theological mistake.\n\nSean McDowell: Hey Josh, sometimes people say that apologetics is not important for the church. I think Jesus did a kind of apologetics, Paul did, and interestingly enough some of the first Christian fathers are actually called apologists. You have a section in the book where you go back and look at them, and I'm curious. What are some of the issues that they were facing, and are there direct implications for where we're at culturally and maybe some lessons we can take from them for today?\n\nJosh Chatraw: Yeah. Some of the works that helped us on here are obviously because we are integrating a lot in the book. If I can give book plugs on the podcast here, Larry Hurtado's book \"Against the gods\" was helpful here as well as some other books. One of the points we saw as we were working through this, one, this is a pluralistic society. It was obvious to them that they were the minority, and people felt that they were strange and against the larger society. These are all things that I think we're feeling right now in the west. Not the minority that the very early church was, but I think we're starting to feel like ... for a lot of people when I talk to them they are starting to feel like strangers in their own country, especially an older generation.\n\nI do think there's one big difference that we have to take note of here. One of the big differences is even though people felt their morals were strange and that they were this strange group, they had never held power. Although we're seen today as strange and at times against the larger society, we're perceived, and this is of course right, Christians held power in our country, and we feel like that's starting to slip from our fingers, but we're perceived as having held power and abused power. They were new and looked at with suspicion like we are today, but I think that there's probably some actual reasons today to look at us with suspicion. In some ways there's this connection there, but then there's this challenge, there's this context. Whether our listeners think that's fair or not, we're perceived as being people who have been coercive and abusive when we held power. That's a context we need to take note of and we need to realize as we're engaging with people.\n\nSean McDowell: That's a great and important difference to bring in. Speaking of power and authority, this is a personal tactical question I have for you. I find myself when I'm being asked tough questions about, say, the morality of Hell or genocide in the Old Testament or Jesus being the only way, some of the big questions I get, the older I get I find myself saying, you know what, if Jesus is really God and He saw with more clarity on this and spoke on it, isn't His word enough? That's increasingly okay for me, but I wonder your thoughts on that approach because it kind of is an appeal to authority. We live in such an individualistic anti-authoritarian culture. What are your thoughts on that with either believers or non-believers that raise those kinds of tough moral questions?\n\nJosh Chatraw: Well, yes. First thing, one of the points we're emphasizing in our book and when I teach and I think you both will resonate with this is that apologetics is ... it needs to be contextual and personal and to a certain person. You can't always do this. You're speaking at an event, you're preaching or something like that, but we have to take who we're talking to into account here. I think totally in situations for me at times I'll say, \"Hang on, you don't like this idea of Hell. Are you saying that Jesus didn't rose from the dead because you don't like Hell?\" And I think at that point, in a nice way, maybe nicer than I just came across, I think they'll say, \"Well, no, of course that's not what I'm saying.\" And then you're able to say, \"Well, let's talk about the resurrection of Jesus. If he is Lord, then we should listen to him.\"\n\nOn the other hand, let me jump in here real quick, let me give the other part of this. I think we need to be careful when we do that that we don't get it in our mind that we can separate the beauty and goodness of Christianity from the truth of Christianity. In other words, we can just say just think logically about this, don't worry about if Christianity is actually good. We might be able to for a little bit try to have that conversation about the resurrection. I think that can be effective, but I think eventually we will need to come back around to saying, hey, there's actually something about God's, in this particular example, judgment or justice that actually makes some emotional, experiential, and rational sense.\n\nI think thinking strategically, you gotta think who am I talking to, where is this person at, and it might be that you sidestep that for a minute. But I think oftentimes we've gotta realize we're gonna probably come back and try to talk about whatever that particular issue is some more to help them think through it more deeply.\n\nScott Rae: Josh, I think it's pretty commonly said, I've heard it quite a bit, that a generation ago when I came to faith as a teenager, a fundamental question we were asking was is Christianity true, and apologetics was really important. My understanding today with gen Z and millennials is the question they're asking may be a little different. They're asking what you had mentioned here, is Christianity good is more the fundamental question that they're asking today. Your thoughts on that.\n\nJosh Chatraw: Well, I agree. What it means is ... Sometimes when I talk to some of my colleagues it's like but my job is to talk about the rationality of Christianity. And I appreciate that, but if this is the problem people have with Christianity and it might not fit in certain traditional categories of the problems that you like to deal with, I don't know what to say to you other than this is a key issue. We have to, I feel, if we're gonna do this for the church, if apologetics is for the sake of the Gospel, then we need to figure out what people are struggling with and deal with that.\n\nI think certainly the question of its goodness is something that we have to address, and this is really where \"Apologetics at the Cross\" is really saying, hey, one of the things we have to do is we have to figure out why people have certain visions of the good life like they have. Normally, people have visions of the good life or visions about what's good because they've, you mentioned the word earlier Scott, they've adopted certain plausibility structures, or what Charles Taylor calls they have a certain social imaginary that comes to them almost spontaneously. They haven't reasoned their way to that, but they've more inherited that.\n\nTo deal with this question of the good life, we've gotta actually teach people and learn how to step into their social imaginary and show them, hey, there's something maybe here that's right that I can affirm, but this doesn't actually make sense. You have this desire for justice, just as an example. Well, that's good and right, and that's something as Christians we should affirm and say yes, God is a God of justice. We're with you on that. But does that make sense with these other things you're saying? Does that make sense within this framework, these other things you're affirming? A lot of times they haven't worked that out, so we have to come alongside people and help them articulate what they haven't even articulated for themselves because they just inherited it.\n\nWhat we're trying to do here is give people a vision for apologetics that comes alongside of people. And there is an argument and there is ... You're using reason and argument, but you're coming alongside people to try to help them even at times articulate their own position because they can't get there. They don't even know why they hold to this. It just makes sense to them.\n\nSean McDowell: Josh, thanks so much for coming on. I have many more questions that I'd love to ask you, but I think this will be a good excuses for me to suggest that our listeners go get a copy of your excellent new book, \"Apologetics at the Cross\". Most importantly, thanks for your work just being an apologist who speaks truth but does it through the lens of the cross and out of the spirit of love and generosity towards people. That's what we're aiming for at Biola University.\n\nJosh Chatraw: See you guys. Thank you.\n\nScott Rae: Thanks, Josh.\n\nSean McDowell: This has been an episode podcast Think Biblically: Conversations on Faith and Culture. To learn more about us and today's guest, Josh Chatraw, and to find more episodes, go to biola.edu/thinkbiblically. That's biola.edu/thinkbiblically.\n\nIf you enjoyed today's conversation, give us a rating on your podcast app and share it with a friend. Thank for listening and remember think biblically about everything.\n\nView Episode Transcript\n\nScott B. Rae\n\nSean McDowell\n\nFaith and the Baseball Playoffs\n\nwith Brandon Cash\n\nScott B. Rae — October 11, 2018\n\nFaith and Bioethics" ]

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[ null, "Bolstered by a few new launches and an updated product portfolio, Suzuki Motorcycle India Private Limited (SMIPL) has registered a record 56.6% domestic growth during July 2018. The company has already sold 53,321 units in July 2018 as compared to 34,038 units in July 2017. The Japanese company has reportedly dispatched 10,000 units of the newly-launched Burgman street.\n\nSpeaking about the new sales record, Sajeev Rajasekharan - EVP of Suzuki India said, “Our commitment to offer world-class product to Indian customers continues with the introduction of Gixxer/SF SP 2018 Series and the launch of the new Burgman Street. We have already completed more than 10000 dispatches for Burgman Street within the first-month. The positive customer sentiments and healthy demand in urban & semi-urban areas have spurred the growth momentum. This augers well for us ahead of the festive season.”\n\nSuzuki Motorcycle India overall sales stood at 58,805 units (Domestic + Exports), a year-on-year increase of 47.1%. The cumulative sales for April-July 2018 period stood at 2,28,908 units with a growth of 37.5%.\n\nSuzuki India is also preparing for the India launch of V-Strom 650 ahead of the festive season. The adventure tourer motorcycle was showcased at the 2018 Auto Expo in February and will compete against the likes of Kawasaki Versys 650, Benelli TNT 600 GT." ]

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[ "TEDNYC: Intersections\n\nBrightline is excited to be partnering with TED, for the second time, on a special event at TEDHQ in New York City, when we’ll celebrate some of the world’s most creative thinkers, all striving to figure out how to thrive in a world that sometimes seems to change daily.\n\nIn a world hyper-connected by technology and commerce, how can we create a bold and vibrant future? We must dig into our own uniqueness, shout it from the rooftops, and come together to pursue a better world for all. On June 7, 2018, at TEDHQ in New York City, we’ll learn from some of the world’s most innovative thinkers, and understand how Intersections can help us pursue our most ambitious dreams.", null ]

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[ "The ONS needs to figure out the problem\n\nBy Richard Steer2015-06-23T06:00:00+01:00\n\nFollowing recent revisions to their data, the Office of National Statistics could benefit from listening to those who work in the industry day-to-day", null, "“The only bit of information that you can trust in a national newspaper is the date on the front.” I was once told this some time ago by a well-known public figure who had suffered a bashing at the hands of a particularly vicious gossip columnist that very morning.\n\nHowever, I am beginning to get the same feeling about the recent data from the Office of National Statistics (ONS). Last week we saw them have to revise their figures upwards – for instance, a 2.2% contraction in construction output estimated for the fourth quarter last year has been revised up to now show 0.2% growth – meaning the construction sector did not technically enter recession at the start of this year as previously thought.\n\nConstruction economists had been questioning the accuracy of the data after the organisation’s last set of figures suggested our sector entered recession at the start of 2015. The figures suggested output in the sector decreased by 1.1% over the first quarter of this year, compared with the previous quarter.\n\nIn the face of increasing levels of disbelief, a recent spokesperson for the ONS bravely argued that they were “the biggest and best measure of the UK construction sector”.\n\nThey acknowledged there were differences between what the ONS published and other research, but added: “I’m confident that the data we have published is right. The chained volume data show falls in recent quarters, and this is seen in the current price data.” Now that we have seen this statistical equivalent of the hokey cokey – one minute “in” the next minute “out” of recession. This reversal does not fill me with confidence and the fact that they have recently moved away from their industry partners, deciding not to renew their contract, is also worrying.\n\nOther surveys, such as the CIPS purchasing managers’ data, have pointed to consistent growth in recent months, and the Construction Products Association (CPA) issued a statement in May that said the official data “contradicted a growing body of recent evidence”, which reported growth in construction activity. Not just them but also several independent organisations, including Experian and Markit / CIPS, have similarly reported growth in construction activity.\n\nAll this is a bit worrying since it is often ONS data that helps shape the mind set of potential investors in the constructions sector. If we take a common sense approach then a review of other recent data also seems to support a more “glass half full” picture. The RICS, for instance, recently reported that demand for commercial property is growing at its fastest pace since 1998, triggering a surge in investment in new projects.  Their survey for the first part of this year marks the 10th consecutive quarterly acceleration of demand for commercial properties, with 46% more respondents seeing greater interest. The RICS chief economist is quoted as saying that traditionally this kind of data has been the pre-cursor to giving a strong steer to the performance of the economy as a whole in the next two or three quarters.\n\nAnother good indicator of the stability or otherwise of our sector are salary levels and recruitment. Salary levels are increasing quite substantially and work levels are quite high now in the UK as people attempt to retain the best talent. This is a view supported by Hays’ UK Consultants’ Survey, published in February, that showed UK salaries had grown by 5.25% on average in 2014.\n\nIt is telling that those headhunters specialising in international recruitment activity also say that they are starting to see people returning to the UK. The reasons for this are two-fold. Firstly, we have some interesting and career defining projects that are due to come on line in the UK soon, in the power, rail and infrastructure arenas. It is also true that some foreign markets which proved attractive in the past are beginning to decline in comparison to the UK. Australia, in particular, do not seem to want to import talent as they did in the past since the market is not expanding at the same rate and they have a local labour pool supplemented by the UK expats who settled some time ago. They have been hit by the decreasing demand for raw materials from China which has had a knock on effect in mining and associated industries.\n\nThis is reflected in the salary survey findings, which have, for example, shown a drop in the highest nominal pay rate for experienced quantity surveyors in Australia to £92,000 from £100,000 per year. China, still the busiest construction market globally, is not as busy as it was a couple of years ago, and this comes across in the broad drop in salaries for Hong Kong. While demand is still strong, it is not as acute, meaning, for example, the upper end salary for a civil engineer has dropped by £14,000 to £61,000, according to data from international recruiters.\n\nSo, while I am not saying that everything in the UK is back to the pre-recession levels, I do feel that the Office for National Statistics may need to revisit their metrics and perhaps take note of those of us who work in the industry day-to-day rather than rely on figures that are subject to revision at best and be plain inaccurate and misleading at worse.\n\nRichard Steer is chairman of Gleeds Worldwide." ]

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[ "This month’s Pride of ASU is Mallory Blauser. Mallory is a senior volleyball player studying Interdisciplinary Studies. In her free time, Mallory enjoys reading and spending time with her dog outside.", null, "Name:  Mallory Blauser\n\nMajor: Interdisciplinary Studies: Generalist 4-8 (Middle School Education)\n\nClassification: Senior\n\nGraduation: Spring 2017\n\nHometown: Round Rock, TX\n\nHow did you learn about ASU?\n\nI learned about ASU because of the Volleyball program. I knew it was the perfect distance from home (about 3 hours).\n\nWhy did you want to attend ASU?\n\nI wanted to attend ASU because of the sense of community it creates. I knew this was a place I could be successful and grow in athletics, the classroom, and my personal life.\n\nWhat is your favorite thing about ASU?\n\nMy favorite thing about ASU is all of the connections I have made not only with fellow students, but with my professors and the community of San Angelo as well.\n\nWhat are some of your hobbies?\n\nI spend my free time reading and hanging out outside and with my dog. I love doing anything athletic, but especially playing volleyball.\n\nAre you involved in any student organizations?\n\nI am a captain of the ASU Belle Volleyball team, so that takes up a lot of my time. Other than playing and practicing, we do a lot of community service.\n\nDo you work on campus? If so, where and what are your responsibilities?\n\nI do not work on campus. I have been doing practicums and will be student teaching next semester, which is like having a full-time job.\n\nWhat is one piece of advice you would give to help college students succeed?\n\nKeep a running list of things you need to get done and decide what is important to you. Sometimes it’s not fun putting off hanging out with your friends to get things done, but it’s so rewarding to be able to cross things off your list. Also, build relationships with your professors! These are the people who can write letters of recommendation for you and help you out if you are in a tough spot academically. Put in the effort in the classroom and with your teacher, and they will be much more willing to help if you need anything." ]

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[ "Google's Pixel 2 smartphone uses the same waterproofing material that off-road cars use\n\nAntonio Villas-Boas\nOct 24, 2017, 7:48 AM\n\nGoogle finally made its Pixel 2 smartphones water-resistant, which was one of the bigger missing features in last year’s Pixel smartphones.\n\nIndeed, the new Pixels have a rating of “IP67,” which means it can go down to about three feet of water for up to 3o minutes. I wouldn’t recommend using the Pixel 2 for underwater photography, but it’s useful for accidental drops in water. After all, just one drop in water can ruin your smartphone if you’re not careful.\n\nTo make smartphones water-resistant, manufacturers typically use rubber gaskets that line the interior edge of the phone to, well, resist water. Google’s Pixel 2 also uses rubber gaskets, but Google also used an extra material that most smartphones haven’t used before.\n\nSurrounding the interior of the Pixel 2’s USB-C port is what’s known as dielectric grease, which is a type of gel or grease that’s commonly used to waterproof the electronics in off-roading vehicles, according to Zack Nelson of the “JerryRigEverything” YouTube channel.\n\nIn Zack’s Pixel 2 teardown video, you can clearly see the gel surrounding the USB-C port. Zack says it’s something he’s never seen before in a smartphone.", null, "Zack has dismantled numerous phones on his YouTube channel, but he says he’s never seen the use of water-resistant gel in a phone before. He did say this gel was used in an underwater drone he reviewed recently, but it wasn’t clear if the larger Pixel 2 XL also uses the same special gel.\n\nWith the off-road vehicle water-resistant gel in mind, you’d think the Pixel 2 is the most water-resistant phone out there. Yet, the Samsung Galaxy S8 and Note 8 smartphones actually beat the Pixel 2 when it comes to water resistance. Samsung’s phones have an “IP68” water resistance rating, which lets the phones go down to five feet of water for up to 30 minutes, compared to the Pixel 2’s three feet of water allowance. But again, the Galaxy S8 and Note 8 aren’t really designed to be used as underwater cameras, and its IP rating is designed more for accidental water drops in mind." ]

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[ "Hi guys, I am pleased to be kicking off the tour for Wendy Spinale's Everland. It is a fantastic book with an equally amazing author. Today, Wendy is on the blog sharing an interview I had with her, along with an awesome giveaway!", null, "I must admit, I have lived an extraordinary life and will forever be grateful for the opportunities I have had.\n\nI was the middle of three kids, my older brother being deaf for as far back as I can remember. At the time, I didn't realize how much that would later impact my life. I was a sign language interpreter for a short time (although I'm extremely rusty now), taught my kids to sign as infants, and now am using that experience in my current manuscript.\n\nDuring college I was living in southern California working for Disneyland as a Cast Member in the Entertainment Department. I met my husband there who was also a performer. After four incredible years working with the Mouse, we moved to his hometown in the Bay Area.\n\nI eventually got my Bachelor's in Kinesiology and worked in the fitness industry for ten years before a knee injury ended my career. Not sure what to do with my time, I applied to job posting to be an online journalist. I loved writing, but had no experience. I didn't hear back so I wrote up a review about a local restaurant and sent it to them to prove I could do the job. Twenty-four hours later, I was a journalist with AOL Media/Pleasanton Patch.\n\nI spent three great years with them before cut backs forced me without a job again. That's when I started writing my first novel, which went nowhere. Dozens of rejection letters later. I started a second book. A year later I was offered representation by Thao Le from Sandra Dijkstra Literary Agency and within another six months I was offered a book deal. EVERLAND (Scholastic) is scheduled to debut Summer of 2016!\n\nToday I live in the Bay Area with my husband and three sons who are my biggest fans. While they're off at work and school, I bounce ideas off my four-legged, furry family members, Odie and Sammy.\n\nConnect with Wendy: Website | Twitter | Facebook | Goodreads | Instagram", null, "Author: Wendy Spinale\nPub. Date: May 10, 2016\nPublisher: Scholastic Press\nFormat: Hardcover, eBook, audiobook\nFind it: Amazon | B&N | iBooks | Goodreads", "What made you want to write a Peter Pan retelling/reimagining?\n\nPeter Pan and Wendy has been my favorite story since I was a little girl. Like many young girls, fairytales became my “thing” at a young age and followed me into my adult life as I found myself working for Disneyland as a character actress. Now that my costume days are over, I’m combining my passion for writing and fairytales to create a series that will capture the hearts of readers who never want to grow up.\n\nWhat are some of your fears or phobias? (Ex: Spiders, bugs in general, high places?)\n\nDon’t tell my publicist, I am currently conquering my fear of flying. I know! Ironic, huh? Normally, I don’t fly without someone to hold my hand, but I flew out to New York by myself recently to go meet my Scholastic team. Coloring books are very Zen.\n\nWhat 2016 book releases are you excited about?\n\nI’m looking forward to The Star-Touched Queen by Roshani Chokshi and Two Summers by Aimee Friedman. I’ve had the opportunity to read both books and they’re phenomenal.\n\nIf you weren’t a writer, what would be your career?\n\nIs this question geared toward real or imagined? In real life I was in the fitness industry, teaching classes before I launched my writing career. If this were a “I wish I could be” job, I would love to work with wild animals. Wild cats, primates, elephants, that sort of thing. If this were total fiction…I’d be a space pirate, pillaging and sailing the great universe.\n\nWhat is the scariest thing you have ever done for fun?\n\nI married my Disney sweetheart who was a Matterhorn Climber. Needless to say, he’s taken me sport rock climbing. Although I’m not afraid of heights, there is something daunting about being several dozens of feet above the ground being held up by a rope and a few bits of metal.\n\nWhat is one material item that you could not survive without?\n\nBacon. Heaven forbid if there ever comes a time that there is a bacon shortage.\n\nWhat are your favorite types of scenes to write, and why?\n\nHumor! I love writing funny scenes. Unfortunately, most of them get cut from the final manuscripts. It’s hard to write dark fantasy and still have giggling scenes. Thus, Gabs, my funny secondary character, to the rescue.\n\nWhat is one thing that drives you absolutely crazy?\n\nNegative social media posts drive me absolutely nuts! Always, always put forth your best you for the world to see.\n\nWhat's the silliest thing you have heard people say about you?\n\nI once had someone say to me, “Oh you’re an author? Must be nice not to work.” I smiled sweetly and said, “It isn’t a bad gig.” Meanwhile, in my head I was calculating all the hours I spent writing, rewriting, revising, editing, querying, sobbing over rejections, cheering for representation, editing again, waiting on submission, revising, editing, and now I’m starting all over with book two.\n\nShare 5 random or funny facts about yourself ^_^\n\nBrittany: Thank you, Wendy, for being on our blog today! I hope all of you enjoyed this interview. If you need more convincing to pick up Everland be sure to read my 5 Star review! Also, be sure to check out the rest of the tour as well as the giveaway below!", "Week One:\n\n5/2/2016- Brittany's Book Rambles- Interview\n5/3/2016- BookHounds YA- Review\n5/4/2016- Novel Novice- Guest Post\n5/5/2016- A Glass Of Wine- Review\n5/6/2016- Two Chicks on Books- Interview\n\nWeek Two:\n\n5/9/2016- Beauty and the Bookshelf- Review\n5/10/2016- Pandora's Books- Excerpt\n5/11/2016- Please Feed the Bookworm- Review\n5/12/2016- Once Upon a Twilight- Excerpt" ]

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[ "The Toronto Blue Jays selected high school shortstop Jordan Groshans with the 12th overall pick of the MLB draft on Monday.\n\nRight-hander Casey Mize goes No.1 to Tigers, Mississauga's Noah Naylor selected 29th by Indians", "Melissa Couto · The Canadian Press · June 5", null, "Auburn pitcher Casey Mize has been chosen No. 1 in the MLB draft by the Detroit Tigers. (Vasha Hunt/AL.com via Associated Press)\n\nThe Toronto Blue Jays pegged Jordan Groshans as a player of interest long before this year's MLB draft.\n\nThe team made their interest official Monday night, selecting the high school shortstop with the 12th overall pick.\n\n\"It's a process that takes place over a long period of time,\" Toronto's scouting director, Steve Sanders, said on a conference call following the pick.\n\n\"We knew early on that Jordan was somebody that we were going to be interested in dating back as far as last summer and even a little bit before that, and he's somebody we've watched closely. As that timeline evolves we've had a lot of guys on our staff not only go see him play but spend time with him off the field, getting to know him.\n\n\"It's a long process but one that was certainly very thorough.\"\n\nWe're excited to share this moment with you, Jordan! <a href=\"https://twitter.com/hashtag/MLBDraft?src=hash&amp;ref_src=twsrc%5Etfw\">#MLBDraft</a> <a href=\"https://t.co/mSDThzQFJD\">pic.twitter.com/mSDThzQFJD</a>\n\nIt's the second straight year that Toronto has chosen a shortstop in the first round. The Blue Jays picked Logan Warmoth 22nd overall out of the University of North Carolina in 2017.\n\nThe 18-year-old Groshans, who was ranked 31st on MLB Pipeline's top 200 list heading into the first round, also played third base for Magnolia High School in Magnolia, Tex.\n\nSanders said he feels confident in Groshans' abilities at shortstop, but that doesn't mean his position is set in stone. The Blue Jays have a surplus of prospect talent at short, headlined by Bo Bichette, who's currently in double-A. Warmoth is in high-A.\n\n\"Jordan is a shortstop and we certainly plan to give him opportunities to play there,\" Sanders said. \"He's certainly capable and has the skills to go out and play short. ... We've seen him play some third base over the summer. Like a lot of guys, that's probably something that will be played out overtime.\n\n\"We're certainly excited right now to add another impactful high school shortstop to the system.\"\n\nLater Monday, Mississauga, Ont., native Noah Naylor became the first Canadian selected in the draft, going 29th overall to the Cleveland Indians.\n\nThe 18-year-old catcher/third baseman with Canada's junior team and the Ontario Blue Jays is the younger brother of San Diego Padres prospect Josh Naylor, a first baseman who was drafted 12th overall by Miami in 2015.\n\nThe 20-year-old Josh, who's currently in double-A, was also the first Canadian to be chosen in his draft year.\n\nNoah, a five-foot-11, 190-pound left-handed hitter, was selected out of Joan of Arc Catholic Secondary School and is committed to Texas A&M. The signing bonus slot value for the 29th overall pick is US$2.3 million.\n\nGroshans' size — he's a six-foot-four, 180-pound right-handed hitter — was also something that enticed the Blue Jays.\n\nSanders anticipates that Groshans will add muscle to his frame over the next few years, which he expects will help him develop offensively.\n\nWant to learn more about Jordan Groshans? <br><br>Turn up your sound for a LOUD introduction! <a href=\"https://twitter.com/hashtag/MLBDraft?src=hash&amp;ref_src=twsrc%5Etfw\">#MLBDraft</a> <a href=\"https://t.co/tp2Pter6uv\">pic.twitter.com/tp2Pter6uv</a>\n\n\"Guys' bodies grow and mature at different rates,\" Sanders said. \"Jordan's a big kid, certainly for a shortstop, but for being a bigger guy he moves really well. He's got great body control and I think we're confident that as an 18-year-old he's going to add strength and continue to grow as he matures.\"\n\n\"We've seen a lot of Jordan as a hitter, not just this spring with his high school season but also dating back to last summer where we got to see him hit with a wood bat against some of the better competition in the country,\" Sanders added. \"We just feel Jordan has a lot of the attributes we look for both in his swing and his combination of contact, power, plate discipline. He's got a great feel and approach in the box, he's able to drive the ball to all fields. We're confident that his offensive ability will translate with wood to the next level.\"\n\nGroshans is committed to the University of Kansas, where his brother Jaxx plays as a catcher. With a hefty slot value assigned to the 12th overall spot — Toronto can offer him up to US$4.2 million — Sanders said the Blue Jays feel confident they can work out a deal." ]

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[ "Easter is quickly approaching, so here are six super easy Easter egg sensory bins for kids to try out. The best part is that all six sensory bins use two basic materials as the base! You can literally play with these materials for days, providing a new way to play and learn every single day.\n\nPlus, you can take the learning on the go with a simple Easter busy bag idea as well!", null, "6 Easter Sensory Bins for Kids\n\nHere's what you'll need to make these sensory bins:\nI chose to use shredded paper as I had a pile waiting to be done (three cheers for recycling!).  The boys helped with the shredding, giggling when the shredder made its noises.  I also used some scraps of construction and scrapbook paper to add some more color.  But feel free to use store-bought Easter grass if you prefer.\n\nEaster Sensory Bin #1: Sensory Exploration for Babies and Older\n\nKeep the eggs whole and mix with shredded paper in a large bin.  Just let the child explore, helping them identify colors, describe shapes, count the eggs, etc. as you go.\n\nEaster Sensory Bin #2: Alphabet Eggs for Toddlers and Older\n\nLabel the eggs with the letters of the alphabet and mix with the shredded paper.  Seal the egg with glue or tape so that they can't be opened (optional).  Help your child identify the letters on the eggs.\n\nEaster Sensory Bin #3: Color Matching Eggs for Toddlers and Older\n\nKeep the eggs whole and mix with the shredded paper.  Cut an egg carton in half and paint the individual slots of the carton to match the colors of the eggs.  Have your child pull eggs out of the bin and sort by color into the carton.\n\nEaster Sensory Bin #4: Musical Egg Rattles for Babies and Older\n\nFill the eggs with different objects (e.g., bells, beans, pasta, etc.) so that they become little egg rattles.  Just seal the eggs with some glue so that little hands can't get inside.  Mix with the shredded paper.\n\nEaster Sensory Bin #5: Surprise Eggs for Toddlers and Older\n\nFill each egg with different sensory objects (e.g., pom poms, pasta, stickers, small fun shaped erasers, etc.) and mix with the shredded paper.  Don't seal the eggs since the goal is to have the child open the eggs and discover the surprise inside.\n\nEaster Sensory Bin #6: Alphabet Matching Eggs for Older Toddlers and Preschoolers\n\nMark each egg with a letter, the uppercase on one half of the egg and the lowercase on the other half.  Then separate the eggs, scattering them among the shredded paper.  This actually can become quite challenging since the eggs not only hide in the paper, but sometimes they get stuck inside other egg pieces.  The goal is match the uppercase and lowercase letters and put the egg halves together.", null, "We did Option #6 since J needs the more challenging option and K can already recognize about half of the alphabet.  I set up the sensory bin in the basement originally, only piquing K's interest.", null, "However, the next morning, I put it in the kitchen, where both boys finally took a chance to explore the bin.  They matched some letters up, but mostly enjoyed tossing all the paper and eggs all over the floor.", null, null, null, "Easter Busy Bag Idea for Kids\n\nI intended to turn the alphabet eggs into a busy bag after the boys finished with the sensory bin.  So that is just what I did.", null, "And J loved to line up all the eggs.", null, null ]

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[ "By Maxim Group ($41.49, Aug. 14, 2017)\n\nOur 12-month price target on NetApp goes to $56 from $46, and we are upgrading to Buy from Hold.\n\nChecks indicate NetApp’s (ticker: NTAP) hybrid cloud capabilities have gained traction, a key differentiating factor aligned with long-term market direction. With continued improving organizational efficiency and reemerged product differentiation, we believe NetApp is on the path to achieving a 25% operating margin in five years, up from 17.2% in fiscal 2017. We are moving to a discounted-cash-flow-based valuation framework (from an acquisition-adjusted enterprise value (EV)/free cash flow (FCF) multiple basis), which yields a 12-month price target of $56 (35% upside).", null, "NetApp has developed a portfolio of hybrid cloud data management products that include NetApp Private Storage (released in late 2012), ONetApp Cloud (launched in late 2014), Altavault (acquired from F5 Networks (FFIV) in 2015), CloudSync and Cloud Control (both released in late 2016). These products form an effective complete hybrid cloud data management capability that spans mission critical workload bursting from a private to a public cloud (NetApp Private Storage (NPS) to the more basic disaster recovery (AltaVault) capability.\n\nOn our annual Silicon Valley bus tour, Chief Executive and President George Kurian reiterated from the Analyst Day that the company has 1,500 hybrid cloud customers (we estimate out of about 60,000 customers) that are utilizing NPS and thousands of customers that are utilizing one of NetApp’s hybrid cloud products with the customer base growing triple digits. Our limited channel checks also indicate that NetApp has begun to gain mindshare with resellers in terms of the company’s hybrid cloud capabilities, which is providing a significant differentiator for NetApp that is aligned with the longer-termed trend of hybrid cloud adoption.\n\nWe believe NetApp has room to improve the operating expenditure-to-revenue ratio by 500 basis points and overall gross margin by 700 basis points, leading us to comfortably model operating-margin expansion from 17.2% in fiscal 2017 to 25% by fiscal 2022 and compares to Analyst Day guidance (provided on April 5) for fiscal 2020 of 18% to 22%.", null ]

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[ null, "Welcome to Boxy Suite 🚀\n\nYou're now a Boxy Suite user, we're thrilled to have you on board!\n\nYou will receive an email shortly with instructions to quickly set up your account and download the apps.\n\nShare on Twitter If you don't like the Suite, no problem! Canceling your trial on your Account page will be very easy. If you have any issues, check out our Support Page." ]

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[ "Plantech Control Systems\n\nPlantech Control Systems Inc. is a leader in greenhouse electrical systems, controls & automation.\n\nEfficient and sustainable solutions for horticultural automation in North America.\n\nPlantech Control Systems Inc. specializes in making greenhouses run smoothly and efficiently. A leader in the greenhouse automation industry, they’ve been providing complete electrical installations, cutting-edge greenhouse automation products, and exceptional services for over 40 years.\n\nPlantech’s old website, however, was not in keeping with their reputation in the industry. It was about 10 years old, and looked it. It was also awkward to navigate and uninspiring. In short, it was not even remotely representative of of Plantech's state-of-the-art greenhouse products or their client-focussed services.\n\nWe designed a new website for Plantech that features a strong visual presence, and intuitive user flow so it’s easy for clients and potential clients to navigate.\n\nPlus, with their new website dashboard, the Plantech team can keep their online presence current and compelling as they grow their business.", null ]

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[ "Canvs is a place where creative thinkers of every stripe have joined to explore the potential of emotion measurement. We are our own team’s greatest fans. We value the experiences and traits that make them unique, more than their CVs. We fill our ranks with people who want to do great work and make a difference in the world.\n\nShare Our Values\n\nWe are good humans.\nWe want to make the world a better place, starting with our office.\n\nWe are transparent.\nOur leadership is open and honest.\n\nWe are empathetic.\nWe feel you, and we want to keep it that way.\n\nWe are intellectually curious.\nPersonal interests inspire us as much as professional ones.\n\nWe act with high integrity.\nWe do the right thing.\n\nWe strive for extraordinary results.\nEvery day we give it our all.", null, null, "Enjoy Our Benefits\n\nOn our tight-knit team, every employee has a vital role to play in the growth and success of our company. The benefits and perks that we offer include:\n\nWork With Our Tech Stack\n\nOur tech stack empowers us to interpret and measure emotions at a high scale with large amounts of data.\n\nMeet Some of Our People", null, "\"I love working in a place that we really enjoy spending time with one another, and more importantly at a company where we always support each other.\"\n\nLisa Leung\nSr. Enterprise Sales Executive\n\nFind out More", "\"I get excited every time a client gets that ‘aha’ moment using Canvs.\"\n\nDavid Benson\nDirector, Client Services", null, "\"I’m finally able to pay off the more qualitative-type asks that I get from my customers.\"" ]

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[ "Furry Creek - \"Intimate Golf Course and Ocean Living\"", null, "The intimate seaside community of Furry Creek, overlooking beautiful Howe Sound, is located just north of Lions Bay and just south of Squamish. Downtown Vancouver is 35 minutes away and Whistler Blackcomb 45 minutes to the North along the Sea To Sky Highway (Highway 99) which was significantly re-built prior to the 2010 Winter Olympics.", null, "Furry Creek offers a stunning coastal setting that combines an incredible golf course with ocean and mountain views. Beach access, boat mooring, kayaking/paddle-boarding are all part of the community appeal.", null, "On final build-out, the Official Community Plan (OCP) projects construction of 920 homes with a population of 2,200 over 1,036 acres.\nFurry Creek blends the exclusive gated waterfront community of Oliver’s Landing with the Furry Creek Uplands development. Oliver’s Landing is an up-scale townhouse development on the water's edge featuring a private recreation centre, lap pool, sauna, fitness room and community lounge.\nThe Furry Creek Uplands is a fusion of Custom-built single-family homes with unique contemporary architectural styles with most offering amazing views of Howe Sound and the Coastal Mountain range." ]

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[ null, "Michael Kaufman\n\nLicensed Associate Real Estate Broker | Licensed as Michael A. Kaufman\nM: 917.488.0444\n\nMichael is part of The Leonard Steinberg Team, which is consistently ranked as one of the top ten Broker teams in the United States.\n\nLicensed in New York and Florida\n\nMichael holds a M.S. in Real Estate Development from Columbia University, a J.D. from New England School of Law and a B.S.B.A from American University\n\nAbout Michael\n\nAs a member of The Leonard Steinberg Team, which was ranked #1 in New York for transaction volume in 2016, Michael focuses on multi-million dollar in residential sales and prides himself on his dedication to clients. His enthusiasm, sense of humor, and efficient hands-on approach, helps clients focus on what is most important: what they want and need in a home.\nWith fifteen years working in the real estate industry combined with the experience in running his own successful legal practice, Michael’s background as an attorney, proactive real estate agent, and investor has supplied the invaluable ability to negotiate the best possible deal on his clients’ behalf throughout New York City and Palm Beach.\nMichael is a native Floridian, and is a prominent member of the National Realty Club, the Society of the Four Arts, the Historical Society of Palm Beach County, and the Norton Museum of Art. He has been involved in a number of local redevelopment projects, such as restoring a beautiful 1908 historical structure through a grant received from the local Community Redevelopment Agency. He also enjoys working out, international travel, and sampling the best of New York City’s dining scene.\nThrough his education he received a B.S.B.A. in Business Administration from American University in Washington, D.C., a J.D. from New England School of Law in Boston, Massachusetts, and an M.S. in Real Estate Development from Columbia University in New York City." ]

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[ null, "Have you tried Purex Crystals, yet? It's an in-wash fragrance booster to keep your laundry smelling fresh and clean. Right now, the current limited edition scent is Fabulously Fresh. I wish I could let you smell it as it is a whiff of spring. And with cold and rainy days like we've had at my house recently, I need a whiff of spring to keep me going.\n\nMany people have asked me how it works, so I went to Purex and found this infographic for you:", null, null, "You put the crystals in with your laundry at the start of the wash (and yes, it's safe for HE machines, too). Then the scent is infused into the clothes and towels and gives you long lasting scent and freshness. I have to admit that the smell is a little strong for me because I don't like much if any scent on my clothes. I love using for my towels--especially the slightly older ones that don't smell as fresh as they used to. Same goes with swim towels. You know how they just start to smell a little 'funny' over time. Now I keep them smelling fresh--Fabulously Fresh.\nKeep watching my blog - there are going to be some Purex giveaways coming up in May." ]

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[ "Mona's smile | Daily Star", null, "Michelle Keegan as the Mona Lisa\n\nRecreating Leonardo da Vinci’s masterpiece was no fun.[>\n\nMichelle, 22, inset, spent two hours being coated in white powder to make her skin pale. Then she had her eyebrows waxed twice.[>" ]

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[ null, "Bull victim: Roger died at the scene and his wife, 67, was seriously injured.\n\nHis wife Lucy is still in a critical condition after the incident last Friday.[>\n\nThe couple, who had been married for 42 years, were walking home through Stanford on Soar, Notts, when the animal struck.[>\n\nRoger died at the scene and his wife, 67, was seriously injured. [>" ]

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[ null, "Tom has been left with a 15-inch scar\n\nThe cut was so big the medics could see the top of my rib cage.\n\nTom Connelly was 50ft up a tree when he slipped.\n\nHe cut a third of the way into his throat and severed his jugular vein. He lost half the blood in his body.\n\nTom survived by holding his head in place to reduce the loss of blood while he waited for medics to arrive.\n\nHe said: “Doctors reckoned I was just 1mm away from cutting through my carotid artery which would have killed me.\n\n“The cut was so big the medics could see the top of my rib cage. I went into shock, but the adrenaline kicked in so I didn’t actually feel any pain.\n\n“I screamed for help and my colleagues quickly got me out of the tree. My friend Rob told me to put my hand across my throat and hold on to my head. I later realised I’d nearly cut my head off. I’m incredibly lucky to be here today.”\n\nHis life was saved by workmates and the Magpas Helimedix flying doctor team in Cambridgeshire.\n\nDr James French, one of the rescue team, said: “He would have died from the blood loss within three minutes if everyone hadn’t acted so quickly to stem the flow.”\n\nTom, 21, who was removing a horse chestnut tree from a garden near Guyhirn, Cambs, with three colleagues, has taken three months to recover and has a 15-inch scar.\n\nHe is expected to regain 90% use of his arm after slicing through nerves in his shoulder.\n\nHe is back at work, contracting for The BTS Group based in Suffolk, and intends to return to tree-cutting." ]

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[ null, "Hosts Ant and Dec and the jungle stars have been warned of the dangers to the show which starts in two weeks.\n\nWhile the UK has been plagued by false widows, the jungle site in New South Wales has been taken over by white-tailed spiders, whose bites cause flesh to disintegrate. In some cases they can kill.", "AT RISK: Joey Essex and Sam Faiers will face the deadly creepy crawlies [WENN]", "GLAMOUR PUSS: Emmerdale babe Lucy Pargeter will be brightening up the camp [GETTY]\n\n“You've been having problems with false widows in the UK, I am more concerned with white-tailed spiders. They are nasty flesh-eaters”\n\nAlistair Hills, chief RSPCA inspector, Murwillumbah\n\nAustralia has also experienced temperatures of around 100F and a series of wildfires.\n\nITV1 chiefs are watching developments closely.\n\nGeordie favourites Ant McPartlin, 37, and Declan Donnelly, 38, will be briefed about how to deal with the spiders.\n\nCelebrities tipped to appear on the show include TOWIE’s Joey Essex, 23, and Sam Faiers, 23, Emmerdale’s Lucy Pargeter, 36, ex-Strictly dancer Vincent Simone, 34, and The Wright Stuff host Matthew Wright, 48.", "JUNGLE BOOGIE: Strictly dancer Vincent Simone [GETTY]\n\nWildlife experts have reported that white-tailed spiders have invaded Murwillumbah where the ITV show is filmed." ]

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[ null, "The devastated grandad was left reeling after he started seeing his own symptoms unravel on the big screen.\n\nHe silently ticked off all the signs of the killer brain disease as The Theory Of Everything, starring Oscar winner Eddie Redmayne, 33, played out at his local cinema.\n\nDoctors had previously been baffled as to what was wrong with him.\n\nBut when he told them he thought he had the illness, he was sent for more tests – and within two weeks it was confirmed that he had the same debilitating condition as Hawking, 73.", "REALISATION: Paul ticked off all the symptoms as he watched Eddie Redmayne on the big screen [SWNS]\n\nPaul, 62, from Hagley, Worcs, said of the film: “There’s a scene at the start where Stephen Hawking is running and he suddenly falls over, and I’d had a few falls at work recently.\n\n\"I knew for sure after the scene where they list all the symptoms. I just thought: 'I’ve got all of them'.\"" ]

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[ null, "The beach in Brighton is packed\n\nSicknote staff have been abandoning the office in droves and heading for sun-kissed beaches.\n\nAs rain left Marbella’s beach deserted, more than 30,000 basked on the sand in Brighton yesterday – despite it being a weekday in term time.\n\nAnd more workers plan to follow suit, taking advantage of the hottest start to May since  records began in 1772.\n\nHowever, many will not be using up their precious holiday allowance – they will pull a sickie instead.\n\nTop of the list of excuses is a sudden bout of flu, with migraines, food-poisoning, broken-down cars and toothache close behind.\n\nSickies cost the economy £1.6billion a year in 21 million lost working days, said the Confederation of British Industry.\n\nAround 12% of work absences are suspect. About 70% of sickies are down to staff extending weekends by bunking off on a Friday or Monday and 68% add an extra day to permitted holiday, say bosses. Now many are installing lie detectors to catch the cheats.\n\nAfter a successful trial in seven areas, Voice Risk Analysis, which picks out “indicators” in a caller’s voice which show when they’re fibbing, is being rolled out to companies.\n\nBut some business leaders reckon the brilliant weather will help the economy.\n\nA spokesman for the British Chambers of Commerce said yesterday: “I think you’ll find a boost to the economy through the feel-good factor.”\n\nThe glorious weather is expected to continue throughout the month.\n\nTemperatures in Britain beat the Mediterranean with highs of 26C (79F) in Lee-on-Solent, Hants, and 25C (77F) at Exeter, Bournemouth and Heathrow.\n\nAthens and the Algarve recorded 20C (68F) but temperatures in the Balearic islands were only in the high teens." ]

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[ null, "Leaks lead to moisture development and too much moisture build up can destroy the structural foundation of your property. If you are thinking of making it as a DIY project, you should know that roof repair is tricky unless you are an employee of a qualified Anderson roofing company. Anderson roofing companies, more specifically Clever Cost Guides, have an outstanding reputation for providing reliable roofing solutions to homeowners. Knowing that you have selected a roofing company in Anderson with an exceptional record for customer satisfaction will go a very long way in reducing anxiety and stress from the entire process.\n\nHire one of the most trusted roofing companies in Anderson, Clever Cost Guides. They use high-quality materials for all of your needs and they strictly adhere to the standard roofing specifications.\n\nCosts for Roofing Companies in Anderson, CA\n\nLooking at national averages and data can help a homeowner get a general idea of the cost of roofing companies in Anderson, but it will not get them an exact number. Anderson roofing companies costs will be affected due to labor rates, material costs, and any permits or licenses required. With that in mind figuring out a local average cost for roofing companies in Anderson is highly recommended before starting such a project.\n\nIn 2018 our data concluded that the amount homeowners paid for roofing companies in the Shasta county ranged from $6,204.00 to $7,990.00.\n\nEstimates for roofing companies change from state to state and city to city. Below is listed what is usually included and what is usually not included in Anderson roofing companies estimates from local professionals.\n\nAnderson Roofing Companies Estimate Breakdown\n\nAnderson Roofing Companies Estimates Usually Don’t Account For\n\nIt may be beneficial and strategic to compare the costs from cities surrounding the Anderson area as well. Homeowners usually compare Anderson roofing companies with Red Bluff Roofing Companies, Roofing Companies around Redding and Shasta Lake, CA Roofing Companies in order to determine a better price range.\n\n96001, 96019, 96080", "Roofing Companies in Anderson", "Anderson Metal Building Products\n\n3201 S Market St Redding, CA 96001", "Grannis Custom Cabinets A Partnership\n\n27274 Highway 299 East Bella Bella Vista, CA 96008", "Four Season Roofing\n\nCottonwood, CA 96022", "Fox Roofing\n\nP O Box Redding, CA 96049", "Ken's Quality Roofing" ]

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[ "A New Card for April\n\nHere is another card that I made today with the sketch challenge for Atlantic Hearts Sketch Challenge:", "It's a lot of green in many shades from the Color My Heart Color Challenge. But first the sketch from AHSC:", null, "Here are the colors I used for the sketch:" ]

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[ "How To Prevent Toenail Fungus\n\nMonday, 08 January 2018 00:00", null, "If your toenails become thick and begin turning yellow, chances are you may have a fungal infection. Also referred to as onychomycosis (OM), many people suffer from this, especially those afflicted with other health issues including diabetes or a weakened immune system. This type of fungus grows and lives in moist environments that are warm, typically affecting people whose feet sweat frequently. The infection may occur because of small cuts on the toes or under the nail, thereby allowing the fungi to enter. Prevention of this condition may include drying the feet thoroughly, keeping nails short, and wearing proper footwear in public showers. Please consider a consultation with a podiatrist for optimum treatment options.\n\nFor more information about treatment, contact Dr. James Kutchback of James Kutchback, DPM, CWS-P. Our doctor can provide the care you need to keep you pain-free and on your feet.\n\nToenail Fungus Treatment\n\nAntifungals &  Deterrence\n\nIf you have any questions please feel free to contact our offices located in The Woodlands and Woodville, TX. We offer the newest diagnostic tools and technology to treat your foot and ankle needs." ]

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[ null, "Rolling River Antiques\n\n6followerstreasuresbyjames(339treasuresbyjames's feedback score is 339) 100.0%treasuresbyjames has 100% Positive Feedback\n\nThanks for visiting ! Please visit our Rolling River Antiques Facebook page for all our modestly priced treasures. Karen and Jim started Rolling River Antiques in Kent, CT in 2010. In 2018, we moved the store online with Ebay, and business has never been better! Our cataloging room remains in Kent, by appointment only. We offer huge discounts from retail since our overhead is reduced. Stop by and say hello ! Our phone for appointments is (860) 318-6410. Have a great day !" ]

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[ null, "SAME-DEUTZ-FAHR showed its new lineup of Agrotron TTV tractors with infinitely variable transmissions (IVTs) under the hood. Three models – the 610,620 and 630 – fall in the 200 hp range, and the 630 will be available in 2010. Marco Polastri says the company has a significant commitment to North America, selling 600-700 tractors a year in the region each year. The German manufacturer wants to continue its strong presence in North America, especially in the eastern and western U.S. and in Texas. Polastri says the company is strong in the orchard and vineyard business and the trend toward bigger farms also suits them. “Our company is still focused on growth rates that are manageable,” he says.", null, "LAFORGE exhibited its Fleximass front-mounted, rear-mounted and 2-stageballasting systems for tractors, which allows for easy adding or removing of weight, says Lars Paulsson.\n\nRemoving weight during light work or transport avoids unnecessary soil compaction. Fuel savings, compared to wheel weights during speed change alone is 8-9%, he says.", null ]

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[ null, "prev See all 64 items in product family next\n\nVerbatim® 97470 Wireless Mini Travel Optical Mouse, Graphite\n\nItem #: WBB1000929\n\nList Price: $22.70 Save up to 34%\nPrice: $ 15.00\n\nVerbatim's new Nano travel mouse is ultra-compact and wireless too. A great solution for people on the go—this optical mouse is ideal for notebook and netbook users. The small Nano receiver plugs into your laptop's USB port and can stay; no need to plug and unplug a bulky receiver or deal with cords. With 2.4GHz reliability and performance, the travel mouse ensures no delays in cursor movement. This portable mouse comes in a variety of fun colors and works on any computer with a USB port." ]

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[ "Bloomberg New Energy Finance (BNEF) projects that in most countries, solar PV will be the cheapest form of new electricity generating capacity by 2030. It predicts several major shifts in power markets.", null, "The world is about a decade away from reaching the point of \"peak fossil fuels\" in the electricity-generation sector, after which less will be burned each subsequent year. That's according to BNEF New Energy Outlook (NEO) for 2016, released to subscribers on Monday. NEO is a comprehensive annual look-ahead focused on the development of global clean energy markets and technologies.\n\nThe turnabout is happening \"not because we're running out of coal and gas, but because we're finding cheaper alternatives,\" Bloomberg.com writer Tom Randall wrote in a summary of NEO 2016's main findings.\n\nNo gas era\n\nThere are several major shifts coming to power markets. First, as Randall puts it, \"there will be no golden age of gas,\" despite the huge ramp-up of fracked gas in the US since 2008, which displaced a lot of coal-generated power. Nuclear power won't play a major role either.\n\nThe reason: Wind and solar power costs are falling too quickly for gas to ever dominate on a global scale. Even with rock-bottom coal and gas prices, a global transition toward renewable energy will occur. NEO 2016 estimates that utility-scale solar PV will drop in price per MWh by 60 percent by 2040, to a global average of about $40 (35 euros) per MWh.\n\n\"You can't fight the future,\" said Seb Henbest, NEO 2016's lead author. \"The economics are increasingly locked in.\" The report pegged the peak year for coal, gas and oil in the global electricity generation sector at 2025.", null, "Wind power is cheaper than solar photovoltaic (PV) power today, but by 2030, solar is expected to be the cheapest way to generate electricity over most of the planet\n\nTipping points\n\nSecond, renewable energy investment will absorb the majority of financial investment in the power sector through 2040. NEO 2016 projects that up to $2.1 trillion will be spent on new fossil-fueled generating capacity over the next 25 years globally. That's a lot of money. However, wind, solar and hydropower projects will together absorb about $7.8 trillion over the same time-frame.\n\nBy 2027, building new wind farms and solar fields will often be cheaper than running existing coal and gas generators, according to NEO 2016: \"This is a tipping point that results in rapid and widespread renewables development.\" By 2028, affordable batteries will be ubiquitous, eliminating concerns over the intermittency of wind and solar power.\n\nNEO estimates that for every doubling in the global installed capacity of solar PV panels, costs per unit of new panels drops by about 26 percent - a very high \"learning rate.\" Wind power prices are also dropping fast, with a learning rate of 19 percent.\n\nThis means, according to NEO, that wind and solar PV will be the cheapest ways of generating electricity in most of the world by the early 2030s.\n\nCatching the wind\n\nAnother factor favoring the shift to renewables is that the total numbers of installed wind turbines and solar PV plants are growing faster than total electricity demand. The result is that coal and gas-fired power plants are idle more and more of the time - because they have to pay for fuel, whereas wind turbine or solar PV plant operators don't.", null, "Wind turbine components from equipment maker Enercon. Wind turbines are expected to steadily improve in energy-harvesting efficiency to 2040\n\nWhenever the wind is blowing or the sun is shining, cheap wind or solar electricity displaces fossil electricity. The financial economics of coal and gas power plants are getting progressively worse as a result. Power companies are aware of this trend, which is why they're increasingly reluctant to invest in new fossil-fueled generating capacity.\n\nGet ready for the electric car era\n\nThe foregoing refers to electricity generation, not fuel for transportation. Peak oil demand will take longer to arrive, because most cars will still burn diesel or gasoline for years to come. But electric vehicles (EVs) are on the verge of disrupting oil markets nevertheless - and EV penetration has major implications for electricity markets. NEO 2016 projects that EVs will make up about one in four cars on the road in 2040, adding 8 percent to total global electricity demand by that year.\n\nChina and India's carbon emissions\n\nNEO 2016 points to India as a key emerging threat to climate stability, because its electricity demand is expected to increase fourfold by 2040, and \"the country sits atop a mountain of coal. It intends to use it,\" Randall wrote.\n\nThat's in contrast to China, which is engaged in a massive shift from coal to renewables that will see it reduce its carbon emissions over the next 25 years. India is the main reason that global coal use will remain flat between now and 2040, rather than declining, according to NEO.", null, "BNEF analysts expect nuclear power to play only a minor role in future electricity supply - not primarily because of concerns over nuclear waste, but because it's too expensive. As other studies have pointed out, it's also potentially vulnerable to malicious attacks. Whereas distributed renewable energy systems are highly resilient, energy systems dominated by a small number of huge generating facilities are \"brittle,\" i.e. more vulnerable to large-scale disruption and less resilient\n\nContinuing large-scale coal-burning is a key reason why the risk of catastrophic climate disruption continues to mount. There isn't much room left in the global atmospheric \"cumulative carbon emissions budget\" climate scientists say humanity must stay within if we are to avoid enormous climatic disruptions. The rapid rise of renewable electricity generation projected in NEO 2016 won't be enough to prevent global average surface air temperature from rising more than two degrees C compared to pre-industrial-era levels, beyond which extremely dangerous climate changes are anticipated.\n\nNew policies needed for a faster transition\n\nBNEF's NEO 2016 report is based on extrapolations of current trends. It assumes climate policies that have already been agreed, but it doesn't assume new policies beyond those, nor does it assume surprising new jumps in technology.\n\nThe take-home message for policy-makers: More aggressive government polices are needed in order to make the low-carbon transition happen even faster.\n\nFor example, a \"carbon tax\" would make the financial economics of fossil fuels even worse, even sooner. If the revenues from such a tax, levied in even one major jurisdiction - say, the USA or European Union - were invested in clean technology development through competitive market mechanisms, then better and cheaper energy storage batteries, solar PV systems, wind turbines and low-carbon synthetic fuels would be available sooner.\n\nGerman cabinet puts brakes on clean energy transition\n\nThe German government has agreed on a new reform of electricity markets. It's likely to slow down the transition to a clean energy future, removing wind from the sails of the German Energiewende. Critics are appalled. (09.06.2016)\n\nNew incident at Belgium's Tihange 2 nuclear plant\n\nRecord-breaking year for renewable energy\n\nA new report shows that around the world, $286 billion was invested in renewables in 2015 - the most ever. But the head of the network behind the report says that's not enough to protect the climate. (01.06.2016)\n\nDiesel or the sun: the future of energy in Africa\n\nOne of the key topics at this year's World Economic Forum on Africa is the continent’s energy supply. It's still inadequate, but there's some progress, DW's Manuela Kasper-Claridge reports from Kigali. (13.05.2016)" ]

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