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{ "text": [ "public support of the theory decreases.", "the theory is more than 100 years old.", "new technology provides updated information.", "financial gain can be made by adding data." ], "label": [ "A", "B", "C", "D" ] }

{ "text": [ "an inference made from observations.", "an observation made from predictions.", "a prediction made from data samples.", "a result made from inference." ], "label": [ "A", "B", "C", "D" ] }

{ "text": [ "number of particles", "relative mass of particles", "types of particles present", "charges of particles present" ], "label": [ "A", "B", "C", "D" ] }

{ "text": [ "Both transfer energy.", "Both require a vacuum.", "Both have the same speed.", "Both have the same frequency." ], "label": [ "A", "B", "C", "D" ] }

{ "text": [ "rotting organisms", "sunshine", "minerals in soil", "water in soil" ], "label": [ "A", "B", "C", "D" ] }

{ "text": [ "Coal is renewable, and the sun is renewable.", "Coal is renewable, and the sun is nonrenewable.", "Coal is nonrenewable, and the sun is renewable.", "Coal is nonrenewable, and the sun is nonrenewable." ], "label": [ "A", "B", "C", "D" ] }

{ "text": [ "paper companies cannot make enough paper.", "using recycled paper reduces the cutting of new trees.", "most paper is made from species of trees that are endangered.", "recycled paper is less expensive than paper made without recycling." ], "label": [ "A", "B", "C", "D" ] }

{ "text": [ "an increase in a food source", "more frog breeding grounds", "native wetlands preservation", "poisons dissolved in the water" ], "label": [ "A", "B", "C", "D" ] }

{ "text": [ "Earthquake activity folded the rock layers.", "Volcanic eruptions destroyed a rock layer.", "Erosion removed several layers of rock.", "Weathering changed the layering of the rocks." ], "label": [ "A", "B", "C", "D" ] }

{ "text": [ "Competition for food has increased among rabbits.", "The rabbit's main predator has been eliminated by human development.", "Abnormal weather conditions have decreased water levels of the local ponds.", "An organism that relies on similar food sources has migrated into the area." ], "label": [ "A", "B", "C", "D" ] }

{ "text": [ "Ptolemy", "Aristotle", "Nicolas Copernicus", "Dmitri Mendeleev" ], "label": [ "A", "B", "C", "D" ] }

{ "text": [ "compass", "hand lens", "microscope", "thermometer" ], "label": [ "A", "B", "C", "D" ] }

{ "text": [ "to directly apply force to the skeletal system", "to gather information about the stimuli", "to transmit messages from the brain to the body", "to directly control the action of muscles" ], "label": [ "A", "B", "C", "D" ] }

{ "text": [ "tar", "coal", "crude oil", "natural gas" ], "label": [ "A", "B", "C", "D" ] }

{ "text": [ "clear sky", "thick grey clouds", "small white clouds", "warm temperature" ], "label": [ "A", "B", "C", "D" ] }

{ "text": [ "The Moon is less bright.", "The Moon is closer to Earth.", "The Moon shines mostly at night.", "The Moon is full only once a month." ], "label": [ "A", "B", "C", "D" ] }

{ "text": [ "immune", "nervous", "muscular", "circulatory" ], "label": [ "A", "B", "C", "D" ] }

{ "text": [ "The water became a gas.", "The mass of water increased.", "The water took a definite shape.", "The flavor of the water changed." ], "label": [ "A", "B", "C", "D" ] }

{ "text": [ "It is a renewable fossil fuel.", "It is a nonrenewable fossil fuel.", "It is a renewable biomass fuel.", "It is a nonrenewable biomass fuel." ], "label": [ "A", "B", "C", "D" ] }

{ "text": [ "It has a negative charge.", "It moves around the nucleus.", "It adds mass to the nucleus.", "It has a positive charge." ], "label": [ "A", "B", "C", "D" ] }

{ "text": [ "Wind turbines can emit dangerous radiation if damaged.", "Wind turbine farms must be located near large bodies of water.", "Wind turbines do not produce energy until many years after being built.", "Wind turbine farms require a lot of area compared to how much energy they produce." ], "label": [ "A", "B", "C", "D" ] }

{ "text": [ "frictional forces slowing down a rolling soccer ball", "the magnetic force pulling paper clips to a powerful electromagnet", "the magnetic force pushing two magnets apart", "the force of gravity acting on raindrops that fall to Earth" ], "label": [ "A", "B", "C", "D" ] }

{ "text": [ "root", "cone", "trunk", "needle" ], "label": [ "A", "B", "C", "D" ] }

{ "text": [ "short plants only", "short and tall plants", "tall plants only", "middle-sized plants" ], "label": [ "A", "B", "C", "D" ] }

{ "text": [ "lakes", "rivers", "ice sheets", "aquifers" ], "label": [ "A", "B", "C", "D" ] }

{ "text": [ "One moon-phase cycle", "One ocean-tide cycle", "An acorn growing into an adult tree", "A caterpillar becoming a butterfly" ], "label": [ "A", "B", "C", "D" ] }

{ "text": [ "leaf", "root", "seed", "stem" ], "label": [ "A", "B", "C", "D" ] }

{ "text": [ "Photosynthesis stores energy and respiration releases energy.", "Respiration stores energy and photosynthesis releases energy.", "Photosynthesis and respiration are the same process.", "Photosynthesis and respiration do not have anything to do with energy." ], "label": [ "A", "B", "C", "D" ] }

{ "text": [ "gains one electron.", "loses one electron.", "gains one proton.", "loses one proton." ], "label": [ "A", "B", "C", "D" ] }

{ "text": [ "all of the measurements will be exactly the same", "only two of the measurements will be exactly the same", "all but one of the measurements will be exactly the same", "most of the measurements will be close but not exactly the same" ], "label": [ "A", "B", "C", "D" ] }

{ "text": [ "light", "sound", "mechanical", "electrical" ], "label": [ "A", "B", "C", "D" ] }

{ "text": [ "Conductivity of Gases", "Phase Changes in Matter", "Chemical Properties of Gases", "Physical Properties of Elements" ], "label": [ "A", "B", "C", "D" ] }

{ "text": [ "waste acid from chemical factories being pumped into rivers", "acid from chemical laboratories evaporating into the air", "gases from burning coal and oil dissolving in water in the atmosphere", "gases from air conditioners and refrigerators escaping into the atmosphere" ], "label": [ "A", "B", "C", "D" ] }

{ "text": [ "prevent insects from taking pollen to other flowers", "hide the plant from predators that would eat its flowers", "protect the leaves from injury by birds and insects", "attract insects that can carry the pollen needed for plant reproduction" ], "label": [ "A", "B", "C", "D" ] }

{ "text": [ "long hair.", "blue eyes.", "long eyelashes.", "small dimples." ], "label": [ "A", "B", "C", "D" ] }

{ "text": [ "lowering parking fees", "building larger parking lots", "decreasing the cost of gasoline", "lowering the cost of bus and subway fares" ], "label": [ "1", "2", "3", "4" ] }

{ "text": [ "car increasing speed.", "bus parked in a garage.", "ball kicked along a flat surface.", "roller coaster slowing down on an incline." ], "label": [ "A", "B", "C", "D" ] }

{ "text": [ "cell wall", "nucleic acid", "ribosome", "capsid" ], "label": [ "A", "B", "C", "D" ] }

{ "text": [ "0.0", "s B 50 s", "100 s", "200 s" ], "label": [ "A", "B", "C", "D" ] }

{ "text": [ "birth", "death", "growth", "reproduction" ], "label": [ "A", "B", "C", "D" ] }

{ "text": [ "nucleus", "proton", "neutron", "electron" ], "label": [ "A", "B", "C", "D" ] }

{ "text": [ "They make energy more affordable.", "They make electricity less dangerous.", "They will be available for many years.", "They will reduce the demand for electricity." ], "label": [ "A", "B", "C", "D" ] }

{ "text": [ "a space heater turned on", "water boiling on the stove", "sunlight shining through the window", "a metal spoon warming in a pot of hot soup" ], "label": [ "A", "B", "C", "D" ] }

{ "text": [ "the way water supports a boat crossing a river", "the way a flagpole supports a flag in the schoolyard", "the way bookends support books on a shelf", "the way a belt supports pants on a person's waist" ], "label": [ "A", "B", "C", "D" ] }

{ "text": [ "naked-eye viewing", "calculations of air mass", "demonstrations of air pressure", "measurement of airborne particulates" ], "label": [ "A", "B", "C", "D" ] }

{ "text": [ "canyon", "desert", "swamp", "river" ], "label": [ "A", "B", "C", "D" ] }

{ "text": [ "the air in a sealed jar", "the wire in a metal hanger", "the water in a small puddle", "the sound in a loud classroom" ], "label": [ "A", "B", "C", "D" ] }

{ "text": [ "are an inexpensive source of energy.", "cause little pollution to the environment.", "may hurt the flying animals in the area.", "are a renewable source of energy." ], "label": [ "A", "B", "C", "D" ] }

{ "text": [ "different colors of insect bodies", "how insects protect themselves", "type of eyes insects have", "size of the insects" ], "label": [ "A", "B", "C", "D" ] }

{ "text": [ "Gas exchange is impaired.", "Blood oxygenation no longer occurs.", "Metabolic waste builds up in the blood.", "Nutrients are no longer transported to organs." ], "label": [ "A", "B", "C", "D" ] }

{ "text": [ "skateboards.", "refrigerators.", "bowling balls.", "school buses." ], "label": [ "A", "B", "C", "D" ] }

{ "text": [ "Both the lizard population and the hawk population will increase.", "Both the lizard population and the hawk population will decrease.", "The lizard population will increase, but the hawk population will decrease.", "The lizard population will decrease, but the hawk population will increase." ], "label": [ "A", "B", "C", "D" ] }

{ "text": [ "absorption of solar energy by continental land masses", "use of solar energy in the process of photosynthesis", "reflection of solar energy from polar snowcaps", "transformation of solar energy into auroras" ], "label": [ "A", "B", "C", "D" ] }

{ "text": [ "webbed feet", "large body", "soft feathers", "skinny beak" ], "label": [ "A", "B", "C", "D" ] }

{ "text": [ "Two substances have different reactions to light.", "Two substances have different temperatures.", "Two substances have different volumes.", "Two substances have different shapes." ], "label": [ "A", "B", "C", "D" ] }

{ "text": [ "a field trip to a museum of geology", "a field investigation of rock layers in a hillside", "a laboratory demonstration on the hardness of minerals", "a laboratory investigation of the identification of fossils" ], "label": [ "A", "B", "C", "D" ] }

{ "text": [ "round shape", "presence of a tail", "contains genetic information", "involved in sexual reproduction" ], "label": [ "A", "B", "C", "D" ] }

{ "text": [ "0.4", "0.7", "1.0", "1.5" ], "label": [ "A", "B", "C", "D" ] }

{ "text": [ "grow.", "reproduce.", "resist disease.", "become stronger." ], "label": [ "A", "B", "C", "D" ] }

{ "text": [ "Technological advances are not effective in some populations.", "Needs and attitudes influence technological development.", "Medical advances are not important in some countries.", "Technology is inexpensive in developing countries." ], "label": [ "A", "B", "C", "D" ] }

{ "text": [ "size.", "color.", "shape of plant parts.", "whether they taste good." ], "label": [ "A", "B", "C", "D" ] }

{ "text": [ "The energy of the bicycle tire is applied in a circular motion.", "The energy of the bicycle is transferred to only one wheel.", "The gears and chain of the bicycle are covered with oil.", "The gears and chain of the bicycle generate friction." ], "label": [ "A", "B", "C", "D" ] }

{ "text": [ "The Sun is a very large star that exists far from the Milky Way Galaxy.", "The Sun is at the center of the Milky Way Galaxy.", "The Sun is a medium-sized star near the edge of the Milky Way Galaxy.", "The Sun has the Milky Way and several other galaxies moving in orbits around it." ], "label": [ "A", "B", "C", "D" ] }

{ "text": [ "They are kept close to the shore.", "They are spread out from the shore.", "They are diluted by the ocean water.", "They are inactivated by the ocean water." ], "label": [ "A", "B", "C", "D" ] }

{ "text": [ "giraffe's long neck", "baby deer's spots", "otter's oily fur", "fish's gills" ], "label": [ "A", "B", "C", "D" ] }

{ "text": [ "volcanic mountains", "transform boundaries", "continental shelves", "normal faults" ], "label": [ "A", "B", "C", "D" ] }

{ "text": [ "the depth of the water", "the oxygen levels for fish", "the amount of minerals in the water", "the accumulation of organic matter" ], "label": [ "A", "B", "C", "D" ] }

{ "text": [ "core.", "crust.", "water.", "mantle." ], "label": [ "A", "B", "C", "D" ] }

{ "text": [ "Gulf Stream", "Coriolis effect", "low relative humidity", "high-pressure systems" ], "label": [ "A", "B", "C", "D" ] }

{ "text": [ "Motion changes to chemical energy.", "Stored energy changes to motion.", "Electricity changes to stored energy.", "Heat changes to electricity." ], "label": [ "A", "B", "C", "D" ] }

{ "text": [ "walk to different parts of the park each day", "walk with a different friend each day", "walk at the same speed each day", "walk at the same time of the day" ], "label": [ "A", "B", "C", "D" ] }

{ "text": [ "water has a low specific heat", "metals have low specific heat", "glass from the beaker is a good insulator", "water loses its heat energy quickly to the air" ], "label": [ "A", "B", "C", "D" ] }

{ "text": [ "As the distance from Earth to the star decreases, its size increases.", "As the distance from Earth to the star increases, its size decreases.", "As the distance from Earth to the star decreases, its apparent brightness increases.", "As the distance from Earth to the star increases, its apparent brightness increases." ], "label": [ "A", "B", "C", "D" ] }

{ "text": [ "the composition of the Earth.", "patterns of crystal formation.", "physical properties of rocks.", "organisms from long ago." ], "label": [ "A", "B", "C", "D" ] }

{ "text": [ "Renewable fuels release less energy.", "Car fuel tanks are being made smaller.", "The demand for gasoline is decreasing.", "Nonrenewable fuel supplies are limited." ], "label": [ "A", "B", "C", "D" ] }

{ "text": [ "cracks forming in a boulder", "rocks melting to form magma", "glaciers forming on a mountainside", "pebbles combining to form a large rock" ], "label": [ "A", "B", "C", "D" ] }

{ "text": [ "burning crops", "driving a hybrid car", "burning household garbage", "using coal to produce energy" ], "label": [ "A", "B", "C", "D" ] }

{ "text": [ "a stopwatch.", "a heat source.", "safety goggles.", "a thermometer." ], "label": [ "A", "B", "C", "D" ] }

{ "text": [ "recycling paper products", "watering the lawn once a week", "designing cars that are fuel efficient", "using coal to generate electricity" ], "label": [ "A", "B", "C", "D" ] }

{ "text": [ "showing some graphs", "making a conclusion", "developing a hypothesis", "collecting some data" ], "label": [ "A", "B", "C", "D" ] }

{ "text": [ "Under a picnic table", "In direct sunlight", "Under a puddle", "In the shade" ], "label": [ "A", "B", "C", "D" ] }

{ "text": [ "The species compete with each other.", "One species preys on the other.", "The species ignore each other.", "One species benefits from the other." ], "label": [ "A", "B", "C", "D" ] }

{ "text": [ "less mass and weight.", "less mass but equal weight.", "equal mass but less weight.", "equal mass and weight." ], "label": [ "A", "B", "C", "D" ] }

{ "text": [ "carbon dioxide", "hydrogen", "nitrogen", "oxygen" ], "label": [ "A", "B", "C", "D" ] }

{ "text": [ "stay in the middle.", "fall to the ground.", "move slowly in one direction.", "be pulled quickly in one direction." ], "label": [ "A", "B", "C", "D" ] }

{ "text": [ "The product is very heavy and relatively large.", "The product is sensitive to changes in pressure.", "The product must be delivered a long distance soon after it is made.", "The product must be delivered to several sites located within a radius of 50 miles." ], "label": [ "A", "B", "C", "D" ] }

{ "text": [ "one-quarter the amount", "one-half the amount", "the same amount", "twice the amount" ], "label": [ "1", "2", "3", "4" ] }

{ "text": [ "They grow toward light.", "They grow toward surface warmth.", "They grow opposite the direction of the bedrock.", "They grow opposite the direction of the pull of gravity." ], "label": [ "A", "B", "C", "D" ] }

{ "text": [ "carrying capacity", "population density", "competition for space", "competition for resources" ], "label": [ "A", "B", "C", "D" ] }

{ "text": [ "remain a mixture.", "remain a compound.", "become an element.", "become a compound." ], "label": [ "A", "B", "C", "D" ] }

{ "text": [ "erosion of surrounding material", "seismic activity along fault lines", "multiple volcanic eruptions", "deposition of wind-blown sediments" ], "label": [ "A", "B", "C", "D" ] }

{ "text": [ "a circuit that is closed", "a series circuit", "a circuit that is open", "a parallel circuit" ], "label": [ "A", "B", "C", "D" ] }

{ "text": [ "copy what the other students are doing.", "ask the teacher to first demonstrate the entire experiment.", "perform the experiment after memorizing the instructions.", "read and understand all directions before starting the experiment." ], "label": [ "A", "B", "C", "D" ] }

{ "text": [ "It decreased the salt content of the water.", "It increased the evaporation rate of the water.", "It increased the number of fish in the lake.", "It decreased the volume of the lake." ], "label": [ "A", "B", "C", "D" ] }

{ "text": [ "frogs in a pond ecosystem", "fish in an ocean ecosystem", "bears in a tundra ecosystem", "lions in a grassland ecosystem" ], "label": [ "A", "B", "C", "D" ] }

{ "text": [ "Foliage in the rainforest reflects heat.", "Organisms in the rainforest absorb moisture.", "Solar radiation in the rainforest is less intense.", "Cloud cover in the rainforest helps to retain heat." ], "label": [ "A", "B", "C", "D" ] }

{ "text": [ "They were once fossils.", "They were formed in prehistoric times.", "They are used to heat our homes and businesses.", "They formed from the remains of prehistoric plants and animals." ], "label": [ "A", "B", "C", "D" ] }

{ "text": [ "A gas has no mass.", "A gas has a large mass.", "A gas takes the shape of its container.", "A gas keeps its shape when placed in a container." ], "label": [ "A", "B", "C", "D" ] }

{ "text": [ "Archaea", "Eubacteria", "Eukaryota", "Protista" ], "label": [ "A", "B", "C", "D" ] }

{ "text": [ "increases the amount of nutrients in the river.", "provides a better environment for native organisms to grow.", "keeps the river at balance with nature.", "threatens the existence of aquatic organisms." ], "label": [ "A", "B", "C", "D" ] }