aisuko/quora_questions_raw · Datasets at Hugging Face

id int64 0 404k	qid1 int64 1 538k	qid2 int64 2 538k	question1 stringlengths 1 623 ⌀	question2 stringlengths 1 1.17k ⌀	is_duplicate int64 0 1
500	998	999	What does it mean when a guy says I like you?	What does it mean when a guy says "Be safe"?	0
501	1,000	1,001	What makes a programmer "good?"	What makes a good programmer great?	1
502	1,002	1,003	What will most likely cause World War III?	Is World War III imminent?	0
503	1,004	1,005	Is civil war likely after the US presidential election?	Is the US at risk of some type of uprising after the election?	1
504	1,006	1,007	Which European country is the best for asylum seekers?	What are the best countries for whistleblowers to seek asylum?	0
505	1,008	1,009	Where and how do the crop circles get generated?	What are crop circles?	1
506	1,010	1,011	Will baking soda help pass a urine test?	How does baking soda help you pass a drug test?	1
507	1,012	1,013	What is Zika virus and how is it transmitted?	How is Zika virus spread?	1
508	1,014	1,015	What is the best way to learn algebra by yourself?	How do you learn algebra 1 fast?	1
509	1,016	1,017	How does it feel to retake a class in college?	Does retaking subjects in college affect future job prospects?	0
510	1,018	1,019	Does Google Display Network require any site to have it SEO (on-page and off-page optimized) first before they can proceed with GDN? Is this possible?	How can I get my name off the first page on Google search?	0
511	1,020	1,021	How hard is it to fake appearing "spiritual" in a Christian community?	Why did the Battle of Agincourt happen? How does it compare to the Battle of Edge Hill?	0
512	1,022	1,023	What is an actinomorphic flower?	Flowers: What is vaijanti?	0
513	1,024	1,025	What is the best place for sex?	What is the best place to have sex from?	1
514	1,026	1,027	Do people with anemia die younger?	Does anemia increase irritability?	0
515	1,028	1,029	How do you feel about the new MacBook Pro, late 2016?	Should I get the new Macbook Pro?	1
516	1,030	1,031	Does covering your head while sleeping cause brain damage?	Does binge drinking cause long term brain damage?	0
517	1,032	1,033	What are the major differences between Chinese culture and western cultures?	What is the difference between Chinese and western culture?	1
518	1,034	1,035	What are scraping techniques?	What are some good free web scrapers / scraping techniques?	1
519	1,036	1,037	I am 29Y old. I have diabetic Type 2. Recently my sugar level was increased to 150 (fasting). I do exercise and eat whole grains. why this happening?	Where can I find the best Security Cameras?	0
520	1,038	1,039	Is it healthy to eat egg whites every day?	Is it healthy to eat one chicken every day?	1
521	1,040	1,041	What words rank the highest on Dictionary.com's difficulty index?	Can Hindi words get a place in the Oxford dictionary?	0
522	1,042	1,043	Why can't I feel remorse or empathy at all?	Why do I not feel remorse?	0
523	1,044	1,045	How many minutes of cardio a day should I do?	How many minutes of yoga can be done in a day?	0
524	1,046	1,047	Why is my dog biting me?	Why did my dog bite me?	0
525	1,048	1,049	How can I treat a severe foot sprain?	How can I get a severe foot sprain?	0
526	1,050	1,051	How can a severe crick in the neck be treated?	What are some symptoms of a severe crick in the neck?	0
527	1,052	1,053	What are the best places to recommend foreigners to visit in Nepal?	What are the best places to visit in Nepal?	1
528	1,054	1,055	Who do I activate the dlc of skyrim in a laptop? Ive got it working on my computer after doing the command lines, but did the same on laptop, to no use..	I'm tired of the laptops Ive bought getting old and slow after 2ish years. Do desktops degrade as quickly? Will getting a solid state drive laptop/desktop help increase its longevity?	0
529	1,056	1,057	How should I prepare for HSBC GLT placement tests?	Which company should I choose, HSBC (GLT) or Cybage Software?	0
530	1,058	1,059	Did any Indian writers/authors ever use a pen name?	How badly did Donald Trump miscalculate his run would have on his "brand" value?	0
531	1,060	1,061	How do I register institute providing training in various programming languages for vocational courses as it will exempt it from the service tax?	How much marks should I score in SSC cpo to get Delhi police?	0
532	1,062	1,063	How imminent is world war III?	Are we heading toward World War 3?	1
533	1,064	1,065	How do you write a song?	How do I write a song?	1
534	1,066	1,067	What could be Narendra Modi's next move after demonetization?	What is next step after demonetization?	1
535	1,068	1,069	If you have me, you want to share me. If you share me, you haven't got me. What am I?	If you have me, you want to share me. If you share me, you don't get me. What am I?	1
536	1,070	1,071	What is an interesting fact that you know and I don't, but shouldn't?	What is the most interesting fact that most people don't know about?	1
537	1,072	1,073	What is the problem with controlled fusion?	Why haven't we developed a fusion reactor capable of generating more energy than it consumes? What are the problems we face?	0
538	1,074	1,075	Where do I find 3ds emulator for android?	Is there a working Nintendo 3DS emulator for PC?	1
539	1,076	1,077	I want to start my clothes boutique in India, from where can I buy cheap wholesale clothes?	Where can I buy cheap clothes in bulk?	0
540	1,078	1,079	How can I become a true computer science engineer?	How do I become a good computer science engineer?	1
541	1,080	1,081	Is it necessary to unlock bootloader before rooting Android phones?	How ClockWorkMod works for phones NOT having bootloader unlocked?	0
542	1,082	1,083	What is bss engineer?	Is it right option from being Android Developer to become Translator after 3 years in software development field?	0
543	1,084	1,085	Why do I get punished by Quora moderators when I put Israel and Judaism in a negative light?	How do I excel in computer sciece & programing without wasting four years in CS degree in Indian engineering college?	0
544	1,086	1,087	What can you do in lucid dreams?	How was your experience of Lucid dreaming?	1
545	1,088	1,089	What does it feel like to be beautiful?	What does it feel like to be attractive and desired by many?	0
546	1,090	1,091	Is it possible to do CA after 12th Science?	What should be done further to apply for Ph.D fellowship from a government institution if I have cleared TIFR GS 2016 written test?	0
547	1,092	1,093	How can I hack someones whatsapp account?	How can I hack another WhatsApp account?	1
548	1,094	1,095	What is it like to study math at UCLA?	Could USC buy UCLA?	0
549	1,096	1,097	What is the best lesson in life?	What is the most important lesson you have learned from life?	1
550	1,098	1,099	What are some Interesting mobile apps?	What are the best mobile apps for recruiters?	0
551	1,100	1,101	How will Trump's presidency affect Indian students who are planning to do a PhD in the US?	How would Trump presidency affect Indian students in the US?	1
552	1,102	1,103	What are the various Batman movies in the series? (In order)	What is the order of the Batman: Arkham games?	0
553	1,104	1,105	What are the best daily life hacks one can use to make his life easy?	What are the hacks in daily life?	1
554	1,106	1,107	How much weight will I lose by not eating for a week?	How much weight do I lose by purging after every time I eat?	0
555	1,108	1,109	What is your favourite anime character and why?	What is your favorite anime character? And why?	1
556	1,110	1,111	How do ATM machines work internally?	How does ATM transaction work?	0
557	1,112	1,113	How many Mechanical Engineers graduate from India per year?	How many mechanical engineers graduate per year in India?	1
558	1,114	1,115	How do I start a successful private equity firm?	What do you need to start your own private equity firm?	1
559	1,116	1,117	What are most underrated date activities?	What is the most underrated activity?	0
560	1,118	1,119	What are some common facts every mechanical engineer should know?	What should all mechanical engineering students know?	0
561	1,120	1,121	What can be the medium budget to visit best places in Kerala for three members (2-3 days)?	What are the best places to visit in Kerala for college students?	1
562	1,122	1,123	Why is Quora Digest filled with questions about Google, IQ, and China?	Why are there so many questions about IQ questions on Quora?	0
563	1,124	1,125	How would you destroy the world?	How can I destroy the world?	0
564	1,126	1,127	How can I earn money from YouTube?	How do I make money through YouTube?	1
565	1,128	1,129	What are the differences between particles and molecules?	How can I entirely turn off syntax highlighting in Sublime Text for Golang?	0
566	1,130	1,131	On Facebook, how can I add mutual friends?	Can I see an ordered list of the people with whom I share the most mutual friends on Facebook?	0
567	1,132	1,133	What is Russian president Vladmir Putin like as a person, to his closest friends and family?	When did Putin become a public person, and what was his "rise to fame" like?	0
568	1,134	1,135	How do I start writing again?	How do I start writing?	0
569	1,136	1,137	If time started because of the big bang happening then how could the big bang start because there was no time for the big bang to start?	How did the Big Bang happen when there wasn't any time for it to happen in?	1
570	1,138	1,139	How does it feel to be in a relationship than being single and how does our life changes when we are in a relationship?	Why do I want to stay single all my life after my breakup? Why do I feel like I am done with this serious relationship thing?	0
571	1,140	1,141	How can I start civil service exam preparation from scratch?	When should I start preparing for the civil service exam?	1
572	1,142	1,143	What are the non-invasive blood glucose monitoring systems abroad?	What are the non-invasive blood glucose monitoring systems in India?	0
573	1,144	1,145	What is the difference in pleasure between masturbation and sex?	What is the difference between sex and masturbation when it comes to pleasure?	1
574	1,146	1,147	What does "the more things change the more they stay the same" mean?	Why do some people believe that life ends at death?	0
575	1,148	1,149	How do I start a solar energy business in egypt?	How do I start solar energy business?	0
576	1,150	1,151	Can my PC with specs 2 GB DDR2@ RAM, Intel Core Duo 3.5 GHz, NVidia GeForce GT 610 3gb DDR3 run Assassin's Creed Syndicate and GTA V?	Does web Methods has future after 5 to 10 years from now?	0
577	1,152	1,153	Do you have any psychic abilities?	Do you have psychic power?	1
578	1,154	1,155	How do I manage time for studies?	How do you manage time between work and study?	0
579	1,156	1,157	What is the academic calendar at XLRI?	Is it possible to give usmele step 1 after 8 years of gap?	0
580	1,158	1,159	What is your take on Urjit Patel as the new RBI governor?	Is Urjit Patel is right person for RBI Governor?	1
581	1,160	1,161	Why do you want to be to president?	Would you want to be President?	0
582	1,162	1,163	Why India does not have friendly relations with it's neighbouring countries?	How are India's relations with the U.S.A.?	0
583	1,164	1,165	Do Trump voters care that he has reneged all his campaign promises?	How will Trump supporters react once they realize he can't or won't keep his campaign promises?	1
584	1,166	1,167	Can I learn while sleeping? If so, how?	How can I efficiently learn while sleeping?	1
585	1,168	1,169	Can you play Asian Playstation 4 games on a European Playstation?	Can you play Asian Playstation 4 games on a European Playstation 4?	0
586	1,170	1,171	How do I stop being addicted to porn?	How can I stop watching porn?	1
587	1,172	1,173	Why did British engineering and manufacturing skills decline so dramatically in the 60s, 70s and 80s, especially when compared with Germany's?	Why did the UK have bad living standards in the 70s/80s, but better now?	0
588	1,174	1,175	How do I work with machine learning researchers after graduation?	How can undergraduate help with machine learning research?	0
589	1,176	1,177	What is the future for iOS Developers?	As of 2015, what is the future of iOS development?	0
590	1,178	1,179	What is the meaning of life? Whats our purpose on Earth?	What do you feel is the purpose of life?	1
591	1,180	1,181	How do I be a boyfriend?	How does a girl get a boyfriend?	0
592	1,182	1,183	How is time travel possible?	Do you think time travel is possible?	1
593	1,184	1,185	How can one get a fuller face?	How do I do to get fuller face?	1
594	1,186	1,187	Is it too late for me at the age of 25 thinking to start a career in photography?	I want to start my career as a photographer at age of 25. Is it too late?	1
595	1,188	1,189	What’s the best time to have sex?	When will the best time for having sex?	1
596	1,190	1,191	Can we weld steel and aluminum together?	Why can't steel and aluminum be welded together?	0
597	1,192	1,193	Which YouTube video has the highest like/dislike ratio?	How is it possible for a YouTube video to have more likes/dislikes than views?	0
598	1,194	1,195	What is solution to Kashmir issue?	Is it possible for the Sharif government to resolve the conflicts in Kashmir?	0
599	1,196	1,197	If you dug a hole through the earth, and came out the other side what would happen?	If I dug a huge hole in the ground in a straight line what would happen when I reach the opposite side of the Earth? Would my head or my feet come out first?	0

500

998

999

What does it mean when a guy says I like you?

What does it mean when a guy says "Be safe"?

0

501

1,000

1,001

What makes a programmer "good?"

What makes a good programmer great?

1

502

1,002

1,003

What will most likely cause World War III?

Is World War III imminent?

0

503

1,004

1,005

Is civil war likely after the US presidential election?

Is the US at risk of some type of uprising after the election?

1

504

1,006

1,007

Which European country is the best for asylum seekers?

What are the best countries for whistleblowers to seek asylum?

0

505

1,008

1,009

Where and how do the crop circles get generated?

What are crop circles?

1

506

1,010

1,011

Will baking soda help pass a urine test?

How does baking soda help you pass a drug test?

1

507

1,012

1,013

What is Zika virus and how is it transmitted?

How is Zika virus spread?

1

508

1,014

1,015

What is the best way to learn algebra by yourself?

How do you learn algebra 1 fast?

1

509

1,016

1,017

How does it feel to retake a class in college?

Does retaking subjects in college affect future job prospects?

0

510

1,018

1,019

Does Google Display Network require any site to have it SEO (on-page and off-page optimized) first before they can proceed with GDN? Is this possible?

How can I get my name off the first page on Google search?

0

511

1,020

1,021

How hard is it to fake appearing "spiritual" in a Christian community?

Why did the Battle of Agincourt happen? How does it compare to the Battle of Edge Hill?

0

512

1,022

1,023

What is an actinomorphic flower?

Flowers: What is vaijanti?

0

513

1,024

1,025

What is the best place for sex?

What is the best place to have sex from?

1

514

1,026

1,027

Do people with anemia die younger?

Does anemia increase irritability?

0

515

1,028

1,029

How do you feel about the new MacBook Pro, late 2016?

Should I get the new Macbook Pro?

1

516

1,030

1,031

Does covering your head while sleeping cause brain damage?

Does binge drinking cause long term brain damage?

0

517

1,032

1,033

What are the major differences between Chinese culture and western cultures?

What is the difference between Chinese and western culture?

1

518

1,034

1,035

What are scraping techniques?

What are some good free web scrapers / scraping techniques?

1

519

1,036

1,037

I am 29Y old. I have diabetic Type 2. Recently my sugar level was increased to 150 (fasting). I do exercise and eat whole grains. why this happening?

Where can I find the best Security Cameras?

0

520

1,038

1,039

Is it healthy to eat egg whites every day?

Is it healthy to eat one chicken every day?

1

521

1,040

1,041

What words rank the highest on Dictionary.com's difficulty index?

Can Hindi words get a place in the Oxford dictionary?

0

522

1,042

1,043

Why can't I feel remorse or empathy at all?

Why do I not feel remorse?

0

523

1,044

1,045

How many minutes of cardio a day should I do?

How many minutes of yoga can be done in a day?

0

524

1,046

1,047

Why is my dog biting me?

Why did my dog bite me?

0

525

1,048

1,049

How can I treat a severe foot sprain?

How can I get a severe foot sprain?

0

526

1,050

1,051

How can a severe crick in the neck be treated?

What are some symptoms of a severe crick in the neck?

0

527

1,052

1,053

What are the best places to recommend foreigners to visit in Nepal?

What are the best places to visit in Nepal?

1

528

1,054

1,055

Who do I activate the dlc of skyrim in a laptop? Ive got it working on my computer after doing the command lines, but did the same on laptop, to no use..

I'm tired of the laptops Ive bought getting old and slow after 2ish years. Do desktops degrade as quickly? Will getting a solid state drive laptop/desktop help increase its longevity?

0

529

1,056

1,057

How should I prepare for HSBC GLT placement tests?

Which company should I choose, HSBC (GLT) or Cybage Software?

0

530

1,058

1,059

Did any Indian writers/authors ever use a pen name?

How badly did Donald Trump miscalculate his run would have on his "brand" value?

0

531

1,060

1,061

How do I register institute providing training in various programming languages for vocational courses as it will exempt it from the service tax?

How much marks should I score in SSC cpo to get Delhi police?

0

532

1,062

1,063

How imminent is world war III?

Are we heading toward World War 3?

1

533

1,064

1,065

How do you write a song?

How do I write a song?

1

534

1,066

1,067

What could be Narendra Modi's next move after demonetization?

What is next step after demonetization?

1

535

1,068

1,069

If you have me, you want to share me. If you share me, you haven't got me. What am I?

If you have me, you want to share me. If you share me, you don't get me. What am I?

1

536

1,070

1,071

What is an interesting fact that you know and I don't, but shouldn't?

What is the most interesting fact that most people don't know about?

1

537

1,072

1,073

What is the problem with controlled fusion?

Why haven't we developed a fusion reactor capable of generating more energy than it consumes? What are the problems we face?

0

538

1,074

1,075

Where do I find 3ds emulator for android?

Is there a working Nintendo 3DS emulator for PC?

1

539

1,076

1,077

I want to start my clothes boutique in India, from where can I buy cheap wholesale clothes?

Where can I buy cheap clothes in bulk?

0

540

1,078

1,079

How can I become a true computer science engineer?

How do I become a good computer science engineer?

1

541

1,080

1,081

Is it necessary to unlock bootloader before rooting Android phones?

How ClockWorkMod works for phones NOT having bootloader unlocked?

0

542

1,082

1,083

What is bss engineer?

Is it right option from being Android Developer to become Translator after 3 years in software development field?

0

543

1,084

1,085

Why do I get punished by Quora moderators when I put Israel and Judaism in a negative light?

How do I excel in computer sciece & programing without wasting four years in CS degree in Indian engineering college?

0

544

1,086

1,087

What can you do in lucid dreams?

How was your experience of Lucid dreaming?

1

545

1,088

1,089

What does it feel like to be beautiful?

What does it feel like to be attractive and desired by many?

0

546

1,090

1,091

Is it possible to do CA after 12th Science?

What should be done further to apply for Ph.D fellowship from a government institution if I have cleared TIFR GS 2016 written test?

0

547

1,092

1,093

How can I hack someones whatsapp account?

How can I hack another WhatsApp account?

1

548

1,094

1,095

What is it like to study math at UCLA?

Could USC buy UCLA?

0

549

1,096

1,097

What is the best lesson in life?

What is the most important lesson you have learned from life?

1

550

1,098

1,099

What are some Interesting mobile apps?

What are the best mobile apps for recruiters?

0

551

1,100

1,101

How will Trump's presidency affect Indian students who are planning to do a PhD in the US?

How would Trump presidency affect Indian students in the US?

1

552

1,102

1,103

What are the various Batman movies in the series? (In order)

What is the order of the Batman: Arkham games?

0

553

1,104

1,105

What are the best daily life hacks one can use to make his life easy?

What are the hacks in daily life?

1

554

1,106

1,107

How much weight will I lose by not eating for a week?

How much weight do I lose by purging after every time I eat?

0

555

1,108

1,109

What is your favourite anime character and why?

What is your favorite anime character? And why?

1

556

1,110

1,111

How do ATM machines work internally?

How does ATM transaction work?

0

557

1,112

1,113

How many Mechanical Engineers graduate from India per year?

How many mechanical engineers graduate per year in India?

1

558

1,114

1,115

How do I start a successful private equity firm?

What do you need to start your own private equity firm?

1

559

1,116

1,117

What are most underrated date activities?

What is the most underrated activity?

0

560

1,118

1,119

What are some common facts every mechanical engineer should know?

What should all mechanical engineering students know?

0

561

1,120

1,121

What can be the medium budget to visit best places in Kerala for three members (2-3 days)?

What are the best places to visit in Kerala for college students?

1

562

1,122

1,123

Why is Quora Digest filled with questions about Google, IQ, and China?

Why are there so many questions about IQ questions on Quora?

0

563

1,124

1,125

How would you destroy the world?

How can I destroy the world?

0

564

1,126

1,127

How can I earn money from YouTube?

How do I make money through YouTube?

1

565

1,128

1,129

What are the differences between particles and molecules?

How can I entirely turn off syntax highlighting in Sublime Text for Golang?

0

566

1,130

1,131

On Facebook, how can I add mutual friends?

Can I see an ordered list of the people with whom I share the most mutual friends on Facebook?

0

567

1,132

1,133

What is Russian president Vladmir Putin like as a person, to his closest friends and family?

When did Putin become a public person, and what was his "rise to fame" like?

0

568

1,134

1,135

How do I start writing again?

How do I start writing?

0

569

1,136

1,137

If time started because of the big bang happening then how could the big bang start because there was no time for the big bang to start?

How did the Big Bang happen when there wasn't any time for it to happen in?

1

570

1,138

1,139

How does it feel to be in a relationship than being single and how does our life changes when we are in a relationship?

Why do I want to stay single all my life after my breakup? Why do I feel like I am done with this serious relationship thing?

0

571

1,140

1,141

How can I start civil service exam preparation from scratch?

When should I start preparing for the civil service exam?

1

572

1,142

1,143

What are the non-invasive blood glucose monitoring systems abroad?

What are the non-invasive blood glucose monitoring systems in India?

0

573

1,144

1,145

What is the difference in pleasure between masturbation and sex?

What is the difference between sex and masturbation when it comes to pleasure?

1

574

1,146

1,147

What does "the more things change the more they stay the same" mean?

Why do some people believe that life ends at death?

0

575

1,148

1,149

How do I start a solar energy business in egypt?

How do I start solar energy business?

0

576

1,150

1,151

Can my PC with specs 2 GB DDR2@ RAM, Intel Core Duo 3.5 GHz, NVidia GeForce GT 610 3gb DDR3 run Assassin's Creed Syndicate and GTA V?

Does web Methods has future after 5 to 10 years from now?

0

577

1,152

1,153

Do you have any psychic abilities?

Do you have psychic power?

1

578

1,154

1,155

How do I manage time for studies?

How do you manage time between work and study?

0

579

1,156

1,157

What is the academic calendar at XLRI?

Is it possible to give usmele step 1 after 8 years of gap?

0

580

1,158

1,159

What is your take on Urjit Patel as the new RBI governor?

Is Urjit Patel is right person for RBI Governor?

1

581

1,160

1,161

Why do you want to be to president?

Would you want to be President?

0

582

1,162

1,163

Why India does not have friendly relations with it's neighbouring countries?

How are India's relations with the U.S.A.?

0

583

1,164

1,165

Do Trump voters care that he has reneged all his campaign promises?

How will Trump supporters react once they realize he can't or won't keep his campaign promises?

1

584

1,166

1,167

Can I learn while sleeping? If so, how?

How can I efficiently learn while sleeping?

1

585

1,168

1,169

Can you play Asian Playstation 4 games on a European Playstation?

Can you play Asian Playstation 4 games on a European Playstation 4?

0

586

1,170

1,171

How do I stop being addicted to porn?

How can I stop watching porn?

1

587

1,172

1,173

Why did British engineering and manufacturing skills decline so dramatically in the 60s, 70s and 80s, especially when compared with Germany's?

Why did the UK have bad living standards in the 70s/80s, but better now?

0

588

1,174

1,175

How do I work with machine learning researchers after graduation?

How can undergraduate help with machine learning research?

0

589

1,176

1,177

What is the future for iOS Developers?

As of 2015, what is the future of iOS development?

0

590

1,178

1,179

What is the meaning of life? Whats our purpose on Earth?

What do you feel is the purpose of life?

1

591

1,180

1,181

How do I be a boyfriend?

How does a girl get a boyfriend?

0

592

1,182

1,183

How is time travel possible?

Do you think time travel is possible?

1

593

1,184

1,185

How can one get a fuller face?

How do I do to get fuller face?

1

594

1,186

1,187

Is it too late for me at the age of 25 thinking to start a career in photography?

I want to start my career as a photographer at age of 25. Is it too late?

1

595

1,188

1,189

What’s the best time to have sex?

When will the best time for having sex?

1

596

1,190

1,191

Can we weld steel and aluminum together?

Why can't steel and aluminum be welded together?

0

597

1,192

1,193

Which YouTube video has the highest like/dislike ratio?

How is it possible for a YouTube video to have more likes/dislikes than views?

0

598

1,194

1,195

What is solution to Kashmir issue?

Is it possible for the Sharif government to resolve the conflicts in Kashmir?

0

599

1,196

1,197

If you dug a hole through the earth, and came out the other side what would happen?

If I dug a huge hole in the ground in a straight line what would happen when I reach the opposite side of the Earth? Would my head or my feet come out first?

0