id
stringlengths
40
40
title
stringlengths
3
59
context
stringlengths
152
3.36k
question
stringlengths
1
211
answers
sequence
metadata
dict
f06239d7661884ab05ae64f6c765a8d2bd8e43df
Solar_energy
Solar water disinfection (SODIS) involves exposing water-filled plastic polyethylene terephthalate (PET) bottles to sunlight for several hours. Exposure times vary depending on weather and climate from a minimum of six hours to two days during fully overcast conditions. It is recommended by the World Health Organization as a viable method for household water treatment and safe storage. Over two million people in developing countries use this method for their daily drinking water.
What is SODIS considered to be in the context of water treatment?
{ "text": [ "a viable method" ], "answer_start": [ 325 ] }
{ "split": "train", "model_in_the_loop": "RoBERTa-Large" }
cd5814ca575f20387bb16d34962e29793188570e
Solar_energy
A solar balloon is a black balloon that is filled with ordinary air. As sunlight shines on the balloon, the air inside is heated and expands causing an upward buoyancy force, much like an artificially heated hot air balloon. Some solar balloons are large enough for human flight, but usage is generally limited to the toy market as the surface-area to payload-weight ratio is relatively high.
Which of the following is not a characteristic of solar balloons: payload-weight, surface area, or market?
{ "text": [ "market" ], "answer_start": [ 322 ] }
{ "split": "train", "model_in_the_loop": "RoBERTa-Large" }
f08b49160865a0585dcc408f95366d764afef93e
Solar_energy
A solar balloon is a black balloon that is filled with ordinary air. As sunlight shines on the balloon, the air inside is heated and expands causing an upward buoyancy force, much like an artificially heated hot air balloon. Some solar balloons are large enough for human flight, but usage is generally limited to the toy market as the surface-area to payload-weight ratio is relatively high.
What alternative to artificial heat provides buoyancy?
{ "text": [ "sunlight" ], "answer_start": [ 72 ] }
{ "split": "train", "model_in_the_loop": "RoBERTa-Large" }
5b2f3cba8258efdf7e3155c20af1cb9aa56b633a
Solar_energy
A solar balloon is a black balloon that is filled with ordinary air. As sunlight shines on the balloon, the air inside is heated and expands causing an upward buoyancy force, much like an artificially heated hot air balloon. Some solar balloons are large enough for human flight, but usage is generally limited to the toy market as the surface-area to payload-weight ratio is relatively high.
Which weighs more, air or a human?
{ "text": [ "human" ], "answer_start": [ 266 ] }
{ "split": "train", "model_in_the_loop": "RoBERTa-Large" }
8bca78a9f27d5e98c93df24cadbb82c02c49bddb
Arnold_Schwarzenegger
In October 2013, the New York Post reported that Schwarzenegger was exploring a future run for president. The former California governor would face a constitutional hurdle; Article II, Section I, Clause V nominally prevents individuals who are not natural-born citizens of the United States from assuming the office. He has reportedly been lobbying legislators about a possible constitutional change, or filing a legal challenge to the provision. Columbia University law professor Michael Dorf observed that Schwarzenegger's possible lawsuit could ultimately win him the right to run for the office, noting, "The law is very clear, but it’s not 100 percent clear that the courts would enforce that law rather than leave it to the political process."
What was a primary issue?
{ "text": [ "a constitutional hurdle" ], "answer_start": [ 148 ] }
{ "split": "train", "model_in_the_loop": "RoBERTa-Large" }
f9987a7b075d201442182897a3a462ca777d6b19
Arnold_Schwarzenegger
In October 2013, the New York Post reported that Schwarzenegger was exploring a future run for president. The former California governor would face a constitutional hurdle; Article II, Section I, Clause V nominally prevents individuals who are not natural-born citizens of the United States from assuming the office. He has reportedly been lobbying legislators about a possible constitutional change, or filing a legal challenge to the provision. Columbia University law professor Michael Dorf observed that Schwarzenegger's possible lawsuit could ultimately win him the right to run for the office, noting, "The law is very clear, but it’s not 100 percent clear that the courts would enforce that law rather than leave it to the political process."
What was the goal?
{ "text": [ "He has reportedly been lobbying legislators about a possible constitutional change, or filing a legal challenge to the provision" ], "answer_start": [ 317 ] }
{ "split": "train", "model_in_the_loop": "RoBERTa-Large" }
129ee4b419ba66486bcc57d9245a333f19f47638
Arnold_Schwarzenegger
In October 2013, the New York Post reported that Schwarzenegger was exploring a future run for president. The former California governor would face a constitutional hurdle; Article II, Section I, Clause V nominally prevents individuals who are not natural-born citizens of the United States from assuming the office. He has reportedly been lobbying legislators about a possible constitutional change, or filing a legal challenge to the provision. Columbia University law professor Michael Dorf observed that Schwarzenegger's possible lawsuit could ultimately win him the right to run for the office, noting, "The law is very clear, but it’s not 100 percent clear that the courts would enforce that law rather than leave it to the political process."
What was the Constitution barring?
{ "text": [ "a future run for president" ], "answer_start": [ 78 ] }
{ "split": "train", "model_in_the_loop": "RoBERTa-Large" }
3478a7a25074de597c87c86c8426151146fc39a5
Arnold_Schwarzenegger
In October 2013, the New York Post reported that Schwarzenegger was exploring a future run for president. The former California governor would face a constitutional hurdle; Article II, Section I, Clause V nominally prevents individuals who are not natural-born citizens of the United States from assuming the office. He has reportedly been lobbying legislators about a possible constitutional change, or filing a legal challenge to the provision. Columbia University law professor Michael Dorf observed that Schwarzenegger's possible lawsuit could ultimately win him the right to run for the office, noting, "The law is very clear, but it’s not 100 percent clear that the courts would enforce that law rather than leave it to the political process."
What is the hypothesis?
{ "text": [ "The law is very clear, but it’s not 100 percent clear that the courts would enforce that law rather than leave it to the political process.\"" ], "answer_start": [ 609 ] }
{ "split": "train", "model_in_the_loop": "RoBERTa-Large" }
18445ff16bee61240df6304d84df3dc11794d872
Arnold_Schwarzenegger
In October 2013, the New York Post reported that Schwarzenegger was exploring a future run for president. The former California governor would face a constitutional hurdle; Article II, Section I, Clause V nominally prevents individuals who are not natural-born citizens of the United States from assuming the office. He has reportedly been lobbying legislators about a possible constitutional change, or filing a legal challenge to the provision. Columbia University law professor Michael Dorf observed that Schwarzenegger's possible lawsuit could ultimately win him the right to run for the office, noting, "The law is very clear, but it’s not 100 percent clear that the courts would enforce that law rather than leave it to the political process."
How would the change be achieved?
{ "text": [ "lobbying legislators about a possible constitutional change" ], "answer_start": [ 340 ] }
{ "split": "train", "model_in_the_loop": "RoBERTa-Large" }
223970be6dc38e662515dc68886a2a20899223c5
Arnold_Schwarzenegger
Schwarzenegger then went against the advice of fellow Republican strategists and appointed a Democrat, Susan Kennedy, as his Chief of Staff. Schwarzenegger gradually moved towards a more politically moderate position, determined to build a winning legacy with only a short time to go until the next gubernatorial election.
What didn't the people in his party like about his Chief of Staff?
{ "text": [ "Democrat" ], "answer_start": [ 93 ] }
{ "split": "train", "model_in_the_loop": "RoBERTa-Large" }
efb5ff2c67e87409fca3d2a57462224165ac149c
Arnold_Schwarzenegger
Schwarzenegger then went against the advice of fellow Republican strategists and appointed a Democrat, Susan Kennedy, as his Chief of Staff. Schwarzenegger gradually moved towards a more politically moderate position, determined to build a winning legacy with only a short time to go until the next gubernatorial election.
What relationship did Schwarzenegger have with a Democrat?
{ "text": [ "appointed" ], "answer_start": [ 81 ] }
{ "split": "train", "model_in_the_loop": "RoBERTa-Large" }
c0046ed94e252565cf3d0c6e886d33b8f1931079
Arnold_Schwarzenegger
Schwarzenegger then went against the advice of fellow Republican strategists and appointed a Democrat, Susan Kennedy, as his Chief of Staff. Schwarzenegger gradually moved towards a more politically moderate position, determined to build a winning legacy with only a short time to go until the next gubernatorial election.
What time frame did he have when running for office?
{ "text": [ "short" ], "answer_start": [ 267 ] }
{ "split": "train", "model_in_the_loop": "RoBERTa-Large" }
06e25b49af26431d125aba3cb92c766f22148b00
Arnold_Schwarzenegger
Schwarzenegger then went against the advice of fellow Republican strategists and appointed a Democrat, Susan Kennedy, as his Chief of Staff. Schwarzenegger gradually moved towards a more politically moderate position, determined to build a winning legacy with only a short time to go until the next gubernatorial election.
What was his response to those trying to help him?
{ "text": [ "went against" ], "answer_start": [ 20 ] }
{ "split": "train", "model_in_the_loop": "RoBERTa-Large" }
ee0a9f1eaaae8622b0b1df2a2efd2d4f7eeb3776
Arnold_Schwarzenegger
The Hummers that Schwarzenegger bought 1992 are so large – each weighs 6,300 lb (2,900 kg) and is 7 feet (2.1 m) wide – that they are classified as large trucks, and U.S. fuel economy regulations do not apply to them. During the gubernatorial recall campaign he announced that he would convert one of his Hummers to burn hydrogen. The conversion was reported to have cost about US$21,000. After the election, he signed an executive order to jump-start the building of hydrogen refueling plants called the California Hydrogen Highway Network, and gained a U.S. Department of Energy grant to help pay for its projected US$91,000,000 cost. California took delivery of the first H2H (Hydrogen Hummer) in October 2004.
When could the average person obtain such a vehicle?
{ "text": [ "October 2004" ], "answer_start": [ 700 ] }
{ "split": "train", "model_in_the_loop": "RoBERTa-Large" }
98131aba9b43797e1291f2fe2572d25a4097c50a
Arnold_Schwarzenegger
The Hummers that Schwarzenegger bought 1992 are so large – each weighs 6,300 lb (2,900 kg) and is 7 feet (2.1 m) wide – that they are classified as large trucks, and U.S. fuel economy regulations do not apply to them. During the gubernatorial recall campaign he announced that he would convert one of his Hummers to burn hydrogen. The conversion was reported to have cost about US$21,000. After the election, he signed an executive order to jump-start the building of hydrogen refueling plants called the California Hydrogen Highway Network, and gained a U.S. Department of Energy grant to help pay for its projected US$91,000,000 cost. California took delivery of the first H2H (Hydrogen Hummer) in October 2004.
When did he discuss large scale operations for production of such vehicles?
{ "text": [ "After the election" ], "answer_start": [ 389 ] }
{ "split": "train", "model_in_the_loop": "RoBERTa-Large" }
578454b03ad0d72949e201a853a2b2eddbe99215
Arnold_Schwarzenegger
The Hummers that Schwarzenegger bought 1992 are so large – each weighs 6,300 lb (2,900 kg) and is 7 feet (2.1 m) wide – that they are classified as large trucks, and U.S. fuel economy regulations do not apply to them. During the gubernatorial recall campaign he announced that he would convert one of his Hummers to burn hydrogen. The conversion was reported to have cost about US$21,000. After the election, he signed an executive order to jump-start the building of hydrogen refueling plants called the California Hydrogen Highway Network, and gained a U.S. Department of Energy grant to help pay for its projected US$91,000,000 cost. California took delivery of the first H2H (Hydrogen Hummer) in October 2004.
When did large scale production of such vehicles begin?
{ "text": [ "After the election" ], "answer_start": [ 389 ] }
{ "split": "train", "model_in_the_loop": "RoBERTa-Large" }
49d58a22484268ff3d7bc4dea46c4564b1556d2f
Arnold_Schwarzenegger
In 1977, Schwarzenegger's autobiography/weight-training guide Arnold: The Education of a Bodybuilder was published and became a huge success. After taking English classes at Santa Monica College in California, he earned a BA by correspondence from the University of Wisconsin–Superior, where he graduated with a degree in international marketing of fitness and business administration in 1979.
Earning a degree without physically attending classes
{ "text": [ "BA by correspondence" ], "answer_start": [ 222 ] }
{ "split": "train", "model_in_the_loop": "RoBERTa-Large" }
c1f563c97ba9b2a537acc1f0df442c800cd48f3d
Arnold_Schwarzenegger
In 1977, Schwarzenegger's autobiography/weight-training guide Arnold: The Education of a Bodybuilder was published and became a huge success. After taking English classes at Santa Monica College in California, he earned a BA by correspondence from the University of Wisconsin–Superior, where he graduated with a degree in international marketing of fitness and business administration in 1979.
Which college did he graduate from but not attend physically
{ "text": [ "University of Wisconsin–Superior" ], "answer_start": [ 252 ] }
{ "split": "train", "model_in_the_loop": "RoBERTa-Large" }
d76c9bc96724996316a821f85627e38d9cce9a74
Arnold_Schwarzenegger
In 1977, Schwarzenegger's autobiography/weight-training guide Arnold: The Education of a Bodybuilder was published and became a huge success. After taking English classes at Santa Monica College in California, he earned a BA by correspondence from the University of Wisconsin–Superior, where he graduated with a degree in international marketing of fitness and business administration in 1979.
What college did he not get a bachelors degree from
{ "text": [ "Santa Monica College" ], "answer_start": [ 174 ] }
{ "split": "train", "model_in_the_loop": "RoBERTa-Large" }
9af0c65dd909e161dafcb3d95c83c95963a1204a
Arnold_Schwarzenegger
Schwarzenegger drew attention and boosted his profile in the bodybuilding film Pumping Iron (1977), elements of which were dramatized; in 1991, he purchased the rights to the film, its outtakes, and associated still photography. In 1977, he also appeared in an episode of the ABC situation comedy The San Pedro Beach Bums. Schwarzenegger auditioned for the title role of The Incredible Hulk, but did not win the role because of his height. Later, Lou Ferrigno got the part of Dr. David Banner's alter ego. Schwarzenegger appeared with Kirk Douglas and Ann-Margret in the 1979 comedy The Villain. In 1980, he starred in a biographical film of the 1950s actress Jayne Mansfield as Mansfield's husband, Mickey Hargitay.
What came out in the 77th year of the 20th century?
{ "text": [ "Pumping Iron" ], "answer_start": [ 79 ] }
{ "split": "train", "model_in_the_loop": "RoBERTa-Large" }
15463f8c9b7bb3b05dfd5f871cd3759c52a88dd0
Arnold_Schwarzenegger
Schwarzenegger drew attention and boosted his profile in the bodybuilding film Pumping Iron (1977), elements of which were dramatized; in 1991, he purchased the rights to the film, its outtakes, and associated still photography. In 1977, he also appeared in an episode of the ABC situation comedy The San Pedro Beach Bums. Schwarzenegger auditioned for the title role of The Incredible Hulk, but did not win the role because of his height. Later, Lou Ferrigno got the part of Dr. David Banner's alter ego. Schwarzenegger appeared with Kirk Douglas and Ann-Margret in the 1979 comedy The Villain. In 1980, he starred in a biographical film of the 1950s actress Jayne Mansfield as Mansfield's husband, Mickey Hargitay.
What came out in the 80th year of the century known as the 1900's?
{ "text": [ "The Villain" ], "answer_start": [ 583 ] }
{ "split": "train", "model_in_the_loop": "RoBERTa-Large" }
c480ed6b5f8760065757e4a37be0c4106fac5c5e
Arnold_Schwarzenegger
Schwarzenegger drew attention and boosted his profile in the bodybuilding film Pumping Iron (1977), elements of which were dramatized; in 1991, he purchased the rights to the film, its outtakes, and associated still photography. In 1977, he also appeared in an episode of the ABC situation comedy The San Pedro Beach Bums. Schwarzenegger auditioned for the title role of The Incredible Hulk, but did not win the role because of his height. Later, Lou Ferrigno got the part of Dr. David Banner's alter ego. Schwarzenegger appeared with Kirk Douglas and Ann-Margret in the 1979 comedy The Villain. In 1980, he starred in a biographical film of the 1950s actress Jayne Mansfield as Mansfield's husband, Mickey Hargitay.
Besides the release of Pumping Iron, what happened in the 78th year of the century known as the 1900's?
{ "text": [ "he also appeared in an episode of the ABC situation comedy The San Pedro Beach Bums" ], "answer_start": [ 238 ] }
{ "split": "train", "model_in_the_loop": "RoBERTa-Large" }
3de03f0952f5ce64646d9f9c331777fad847a8ab
Arnold_Schwarzenegger
Schwarzenegger was a founding celebrity investor in the Planet Hollywood chain of international theme restaurants (modeled after the Hard Rock Cafe) along with Bruce Willis, Sylvester Stallone and Demi Moore. Schwarzenegger severed his financial ties with the business in early 2000. Schwarzenegger said the company had not had the success he had hoped for, claiming he wanted to focus his attention on "new US global business ventures" and his movie career.
Which founding celebrity investor was married to Willis?
{ "text": [ "Moore" ], "answer_start": [ 202 ] }
{ "split": "train", "model_in_the_loop": "RoBERTa-Large" }
ce548f7e86c2aebb47f6a6648556b970d5f55771
Arnold_Schwarzenegger
Schwarzenegger was a founding celebrity investor in the Planet Hollywood chain of international theme restaurants (modeled after the Hard Rock Cafe) along with Bruce Willis, Sylvester Stallone and Demi Moore. Schwarzenegger severed his financial ties with the business in early 2000. Schwarzenegger said the company had not had the success he had hoped for, claiming he wanted to focus his attention on "new US global business ventures" and his movie career.
Which founding celebrity investor was married to Moore?
{ "text": [ "Willis" ], "answer_start": [ 166 ] }
{ "split": "train", "model_in_the_loop": "RoBERTa-Large" }
7a20f24d3a65f34058c5bbb7c358038c17300b66
Arnold_Schwarzenegger
Schwarzenegger was a founding celebrity investor in the Planet Hollywood chain of international theme restaurants (modeled after the Hard Rock Cafe) along with Bruce Willis, Sylvester Stallone and Demi Moore. Schwarzenegger severed his financial ties with the business in early 2000. Schwarzenegger said the company had not had the success he had hoped for, claiming he wanted to focus his attention on "new US global business ventures" and his movie career.
Which celebrity investor does not have the letter "s" anywhere in their name?
{ "text": [ "Demi Moore" ], "answer_start": [ 197 ] }
{ "split": "train", "model_in_the_loop": "RoBERTa-Large" }
a7686186bf1817dac0ea84225d5e274cbb61713e
Arnold_Schwarzenegger
In 1999, Schwarzenegger sued Dr. Willi Heepe, a German doctor who publicly predicted his early death on the basis of a link between his steroid use and his later heart problems. As the doctor had never examined him personally, Schwarzenegger collected a US$10,000 libel judgment against him in a German court. In 1999, Schwarzenegger also sued and settled with The Globe, a U.S. tabloid which had made similar predictions about the bodybuilder's future health.
What was Schwarzenegger's title?
{ "text": [ "bodybuilder" ], "answer_start": [ 432 ] }
{ "split": "train", "model_in_the_loop": "RoBERTa-Large" }
01ae9e9a2bd71de4ea7cf540e139cffcc3a16c85
Arnold_Schwarzenegger
In 1999, Schwarzenegger sued Dr. Willi Heepe, a German doctor who publicly predicted his early death on the basis of a link between his steroid use and his later heart problems. As the doctor had never examined him personally, Schwarzenegger collected a US$10,000 libel judgment against him in a German court. In 1999, Schwarzenegger also sued and settled with The Globe, a U.S. tabloid which had made similar predictions about the bodybuilder's future health.
Both Heepe and The Globe did what?
{ "text": [ "made similar predictions about the bodybuilder's future health" ], "answer_start": [ 397 ] }
{ "split": "train", "model_in_the_loop": "RoBERTa-Large" }
65accc4e63765ed7254b501f218c51e50fbff618
Arnold_Schwarzenegger
In 1999, Schwarzenegger sued Dr. Willi Heepe, a German doctor who publicly predicted his early death on the basis of a link between his steroid use and his later heart problems. As the doctor had never examined him personally, Schwarzenegger collected a US$10,000 libel judgment against him in a German court. In 1999, Schwarzenegger also sued and settled with The Globe, a U.S. tabloid which had made similar predictions about the bodybuilder's future health.
Who lost the German court case?
{ "text": [ "Dr. Willi Heepe" ], "answer_start": [ 29 ] }
{ "split": "train", "model_in_the_loop": "RoBERTa-Large" }
2c35e036eec3100c0b7883da3b932fc7f92a031a
Arnold_Schwarzenegger
It was rumored that Schwarzenegger might run for the United States Senate in 2010, as his governorship would be term-limited by that time. This turned out to be false.
What was determined when it came to Schwarzenegger running for office?
{ "text": [ "This turned out to be false" ], "answer_start": [ 139 ] }
{ "split": "train", "model_in_the_loop": "RoBERTa-Large" }
c8ee5b9260139ecac0800db5660238d9299577a5
Arnold_Schwarzenegger
It was rumored that Schwarzenegger might run for the United States Senate in 2010, as his governorship would be term-limited by that time. This turned out to be false.
How reliable was the information?
{ "text": [ "It was rumored" ], "answer_start": [ 0 ] }
{ "split": "train", "model_in_the_loop": "RoBERTa-Large" }
10e2d16bc867ae75a3e9411775cf8b67bed6b60d
Arnold_Schwarzenegger
It was rumored that Schwarzenegger might run for the United States Senate in 2010, as his governorship would be term-limited by that time. This turned out to be false.
What was different about this term?
{ "text": [ "limited" ], "answer_start": [ 117 ] }
{ "split": "train", "model_in_the_loop": "RoBERTa-Large" }
ba35bd71121b935329a6f0806aad23b71235d014
Neolithic
Not all of these cultural elements characteristic of the Neolithic appeared everywhere in the same order: the earliest farming societies in the Near East did not use pottery. In other parts of the world, such as Africa, South Asia and Southeast Asia, independent domestication events led to their own regionally distinctive Neolithic cultures that arose completely independent of those in Europe and Southwest Asia. Early Japanese societies and other East Asian cultures used pottery before developing agriculture.
What might have been viewed differently in other venues?
{ "text": [ "cultural elements" ], "answer_start": [ 17 ] }
{ "split": "train", "model_in_the_loop": "RoBERTa-Large" }
23f68526ff0d4351e08dd5cec39a91710b58ce23
Neolithic
Not all of these cultural elements characteristic of the Neolithic appeared everywhere in the same order: the earliest farming societies in the Near East did not use pottery. In other parts of the world, such as Africa, South Asia and Southeast Asia, independent domestication events led to their own regionally distinctive Neolithic cultures that arose completely independent of those in Europe and Southwest Asia. Early Japanese societies and other East Asian cultures used pottery before developing agriculture.
One place mentioned does not use pottery, other places do - with what people could you have bartered for a clay pot?
{ "text": [ "Early Japanese societies and other East Asian cultures" ], "answer_start": [ 416 ] }
{ "split": "train", "model_in_the_loop": "RoBERTa-Large" }
dbb22ecd25c0a62ff38267f00214fb1076909b1f
Neolithic
Not all of these cultural elements characteristic of the Neolithic appeared everywhere in the same order: the earliest farming societies in the Near East did not use pottery. In other parts of the world, such as Africa, South Asia and Southeast Asia, independent domestication events led to their own regionally distinctive Neolithic cultures that arose completely independent of those in Europe and Southwest Asia. Early Japanese societies and other East Asian cultures used pottery before developing agriculture.
Where could you have had a pot to cook but no food?
{ "text": [ "Early Japanese societies and other East Asian cultures" ], "answer_start": [ 416 ] }
{ "split": "train", "model_in_the_loop": "RoBERTa-Large" }
1561bf56e1bd98425a3975c3a9db524cd6ff1317
Neolithic
Not all of these cultural elements characteristic of the Neolithic appeared everywhere in the same order: the earliest farming societies in the Near East did not use pottery. In other parts of the world, such as Africa, South Asia and Southeast Asia, independent domestication events led to their own regionally distinctive Neolithic cultures that arose completely independent of those in Europe and Southwest Asia. Early Japanese societies and other East Asian cultures used pottery before developing agriculture.
Which of the following continents contains Japan: Asia, Africa or Europe?
{ "text": [ "Asia" ], "answer_start": [ 226 ] }
{ "split": "train", "model_in_the_loop": "RoBERTa-Large" }
cd687ddc29c709165f4723ceb952447ce51dc659
Neolithic
Not all of these cultural elements characteristic of the Neolithic appeared everywhere in the same order: the earliest farming societies in the Near East did not use pottery. In other parts of the world, such as Africa, South Asia and Southeast Asia, independent domestication events led to their own regionally distinctive Neolithic cultures that arose completely independent of those in Europe and Southwest Asia. Early Japanese societies and other East Asian cultures used pottery before developing agriculture.
Which of the following developed farming before pottery: Japanese societies or the earliest farming societies in the Near East?
{ "text": [ "earliest farming societies in the Near East" ], "answer_start": [ 110 ] }
{ "split": "train", "model_in_the_loop": "RoBERTa-Large" }
4b96a2400743a8e3a003d1d4e03166d79ed11cf9
Neolithic
Not all of these cultural elements characteristic of the Neolithic appeared everywhere in the same order: the earliest farming societies in the Near East did not use pottery. In other parts of the world, such as Africa, South Asia and Southeast Asia, independent domestication events led to their own regionally distinctive Neolithic cultures that arose completely independent of those in Europe and Southwest Asia. Early Japanese societies and other East Asian cultures used pottery before developing agriculture.
Which is closer to the Japanese societies, other East Asian cultures or Africa?
{ "text": [ "other East Asian cultures" ], "answer_start": [ 445 ] }
{ "split": "train", "model_in_the_loop": "RoBERTa-Large" }
b9b81d9b8a614d15a67f038032bbe794bafd034c
Oklahoma_City
Oklahoma City is protected by the Oklahoma City Fire Department (OKCFD), which employs 1015 paid, professional firefighters. The current Chief of Department is G. Keith Bryant, the department is also commanded by three Deputy Chiefs, who – along with the department chief – oversee the Operational Services, Prevention Services, and Support Services bureaus. The OKCFD currently operates out of 37 fire stations, located throughout the city in six battalions. The OKCFD also operates a fire apparatus fleet of 36 engines (including 30 paramedic engines), 13 ladders, 16 brush patrol units, six water tankers, two hazardous materials units, one Technical Rescue Unit, one Air Supply Unit, six Arson Investigation Units, and one Rehabilitation Unit. Each engine is staffed with a driver, an officer, and one to two firefighters, while each ladder company is staffed with a driver, an officer, and one firefighter. Minimum staffing per shift is 213 personnel. The Oklahoma City Fire Department responds to over 70,000 emergency calls annually.
what is OKCFD?
{ "text": [ "professional firefighters" ], "answer_start": [ 98 ] }
{ "split": "train", "model_in_the_loop": "RoBERTa-Large" }
086c7167187631ca2356feb7f98ad1b00f4afe72
Oklahoma_City
Oklahoma City is protected by the Oklahoma City Fire Department (OKCFD), which employs 1015 paid, professional firefighters. The current Chief of Department is G. Keith Bryant, the department is also commanded by three Deputy Chiefs, who – along with the department chief – oversee the Operational Services, Prevention Services, and Support Services bureaus. The OKCFD currently operates out of 37 fire stations, located throughout the city in six battalions. The OKCFD also operates a fire apparatus fleet of 36 engines (including 30 paramedic engines), 13 ladders, 16 brush patrol units, six water tankers, two hazardous materials units, one Technical Rescue Unit, one Air Supply Unit, six Arson Investigation Units, and one Rehabilitation Unit. Each engine is staffed with a driver, an officer, and one to two firefighters, while each ladder company is staffed with a driver, an officer, and one firefighter. Minimum staffing per shift is 213 personnel. The Oklahoma City Fire Department responds to over 70,000 emergency calls annually.
where does OKCFD operates?
{ "text": [ "Oklahoma City" ], "answer_start": [ 0 ] }
{ "split": "train", "model_in_the_loop": "RoBERTa-Large" }
25bffe4b0b190fec4cf047e998dfe7455f2ad740
Oklahoma_City
Oklahoma City is protected by the Oklahoma City Fire Department (OKCFD), which employs 1015 paid, professional firefighters. The current Chief of Department is G. Keith Bryant, the department is also commanded by three Deputy Chiefs, who – along with the department chief – oversee the Operational Services, Prevention Services, and Support Services bureaus. The OKCFD currently operates out of 37 fire stations, located throughout the city in six battalions. The OKCFD also operates a fire apparatus fleet of 36 engines (including 30 paramedic engines), 13 ladders, 16 brush patrol units, six water tankers, two hazardous materials units, one Technical Rescue Unit, one Air Supply Unit, six Arson Investigation Units, and one Rehabilitation Unit. Each engine is staffed with a driver, an officer, and one to two firefighters, while each ladder company is staffed with a driver, an officer, and one firefighter. Minimum staffing per shift is 213 personnel. The Oklahoma City Fire Department responds to over 70,000 emergency calls annually.
OKCFD is responsible to?
{ "text": [ "Oklahoma City" ], "answer_start": [ 0 ] }
{ "split": "train", "model_in_the_loop": "RoBERTa-Large" }
af0875601cd9608bb669773927b1279c64032f86
Oklahoma_City
Oklahoma City is protected by the Oklahoma City Fire Department (OKCFD), which employs 1015 paid, professional firefighters. The current Chief of Department is G. Keith Bryant, the department is also commanded by three Deputy Chiefs, who – along with the department chief – oversee the Operational Services, Prevention Services, and Support Services bureaus. The OKCFD currently operates out of 37 fire stations, located throughout the city in six battalions. The OKCFD also operates a fire apparatus fleet of 36 engines (including 30 paramedic engines), 13 ladders, 16 brush patrol units, six water tankers, two hazardous materials units, one Technical Rescue Unit, one Air Supply Unit, six Arson Investigation Units, and one Rehabilitation Unit. Each engine is staffed with a driver, an officer, and one to two firefighters, while each ladder company is staffed with a driver, an officer, and one firefighter. Minimum staffing per shift is 213 personnel. The Oklahoma City Fire Department responds to over 70,000 emergency calls annually.
OKCFD is splited into what departments?
{ "text": [ "Operational Services, Prevention Services, and Support Services bureaus" ], "answer_start": [ 286 ] }
{ "split": "train", "model_in_the_loop": "RoBERTa-Large" }
e20b8b63d13249c1674841d9f76772045a68257d
Oklahoma_City
In the aftermath of Hurricane Katrina, the NBA's New Orleans Hornets (now the New Orleans Pelicans) temporarily relocated to the Ford Center, playing the majority of its home games there during the 2005–06 and 2006–07 seasons. The team became the first NBA franchise to play regular-season games in the state of Oklahoma.[citation needed] The team was known as the New Orleans/Oklahoma City Hornets while playing in Oklahoma City. The team ultimately returned to New Orleans full-time for the 2007–08 season. The Hornets played their final home game in Oklahoma City during the exhibition season on October 9, 2007 against the Houston Rockets.
The original animal that the New Orleans NBA team referred to themselves as was not?
{ "text": [ "Pelicans" ], "answer_start": [ 90 ] }
{ "split": "train", "model_in_the_loop": "RoBERTa-Large" }
9548685cfa368666690a59f63b4bcaada2fb9740
Oklahoma_City
In the aftermath of Hurricane Katrina, the NBA's New Orleans Hornets (now the New Orleans Pelicans) temporarily relocated to the Ford Center, playing the majority of its home games there during the 2005–06 and 2006–07 seasons. The team became the first NBA franchise to play regular-season games in the state of Oklahoma.[citation needed] The team was known as the New Orleans/Oklahoma City Hornets while playing in Oklahoma City. The team ultimately returned to New Orleans full-time for the 2007–08 season. The Hornets played their final home game in Oklahoma City during the exhibition season on October 9, 2007 against the Houston Rockets.
The namesake of the New Orleans NBA team during the occurence of Hurricane Katrina was?
{ "text": [ "Hornets" ], "answer_start": [ 61 ] }
{ "split": "train", "model_in_the_loop": "RoBERTa-Large" }
f913e781e38b7c86de10249d3bfa275f0201fee9
Oklahoma_City
In the aftermath of Hurricane Katrina, the NBA's New Orleans Hornets (now the New Orleans Pelicans) temporarily relocated to the Ford Center, playing the majority of its home games there during the 2005–06 and 2006–07 seasons. The team became the first NBA franchise to play regular-season games in the state of Oklahoma.[citation needed] The team was known as the New Orleans/Oklahoma City Hornets while playing in Oklahoma City. The team ultimately returned to New Orleans full-time for the 2007–08 season. The Hornets played their final home game in Oklahoma City during the exhibition season on October 9, 2007 against the Houston Rockets.
Which city did the NBA team Hornets temporarily play in after the events of Hurricana Katrina?
{ "text": [ "Oklahoma City" ], "answer_start": [ 416 ] }
{ "split": "train", "model_in_the_loop": "RoBERTa-Large" }
7b89fee359a8308800d4a3690e4c2d3e3bea69a3
Oklahoma_City
In the aftermath of Hurricane Katrina, the NBA's New Orleans Hornets (now the New Orleans Pelicans) temporarily relocated to the Ford Center, playing the majority of its home games there during the 2005–06 and 2006–07 seasons. The team became the first NBA franchise to play regular-season games in the state of Oklahoma.[citation needed] The team was known as the New Orleans/Oklahoma City Hornets while playing in Oklahoma City. The team ultimately returned to New Orleans full-time for the 2007–08 season. The Hornets played their final home game in Oklahoma City during the exhibition season on October 9, 2007 against the Houston Rockets.
The NBA team Hornets played in what city after the 2007-08 season?
{ "text": [ "New Orleans" ], "answer_start": [ 49 ] }
{ "split": "train", "model_in_the_loop": "RoBERTa-Large" }
1c08c5d7a9007a23e32e56986ebbf7970ba3af43
Oklahoma_City
In the aftermath of Hurricane Katrina, the NBA's New Orleans Hornets (now the New Orleans Pelicans) temporarily relocated to the Ford Center, playing the majority of its home games there during the 2005–06 and 2006–07 seasons. The team became the first NBA franchise to play regular-season games in the state of Oklahoma.[citation needed] The team was known as the New Orleans/Oklahoma City Hornets while playing in Oklahoma City. The team ultimately returned to New Orleans full-time for the 2007–08 season. The Hornets played their final home game in Oklahoma City during the exhibition season on October 9, 2007 against the Houston Rockets.
A NBA team that gets their namesake from the US space program is called?
{ "text": [ "Houston Rockets" ], "answer_start": [ 627 ] }
{ "split": "train", "model_in_the_loop": "RoBERTa-Large" }
0585a5e90968ceb26a695426f2cfa37f6c3c45d5
Oklahoma_City
On April 19, 1995, the Alfred P. Murrah Federal Building was destroyed by a fertilizer bomb manufactured and detonated by Timothy McVeigh. The blast and catastrophic collapse killed 168 people and injured over 680. The blast shockwave destroyed or damaged 324 buildings within a 340-meter radius, destroyed or burned 86 cars, and shattered glass in 258 nearby buildings, causing at least an estimated $652 million worth of damage. The main suspect- Timothy McVeigh, was executed by lethal injection on June 11, 2001. It was the deadliest single domestic terrorist attack in US history, prior to 9/11.
Were more people killed or injured by the bomb?
{ "text": [ "injured" ], "answer_start": [ 197 ] }
{ "split": "train", "model_in_the_loop": "RoBERTa-Large" }
414d833d1d8a441f68096f8d82d1beb9c8524473
Oklahoma_City
On April 19, 1995, the Alfred P. Murrah Federal Building was destroyed by a fertilizer bomb manufactured and detonated by Timothy McVeigh. The blast and catastrophic collapse killed 168 people and injured over 680. The blast shockwave destroyed or damaged 324 buildings within a 340-meter radius, destroyed or burned 86 cars, and shattered glass in 258 nearby buildings, causing at least an estimated $652 million worth of damage. The main suspect- Timothy McVeigh, was executed by lethal injection on June 11, 2001. It was the deadliest single domestic terrorist attack in US history, prior to 9/11.
What happened earlier, the Alfred P. Murrah Federal Building was destroyed or Timothy McVeigh was executed?
{ "text": [ "the Alfred P. Murrah Federal Building was destroyed" ], "answer_start": [ 19 ] }
{ "split": "train", "model_in_the_loop": "RoBERTa-Large" }
7b22b1a1ae5db056f025dc4e8e1074fb491672ae
Oklahoma_City
On April 19, 1995, the Alfred P. Murrah Federal Building was destroyed by a fertilizer bomb manufactured and detonated by Timothy McVeigh. The blast and catastrophic collapse killed 168 people and injured over 680. The blast shockwave destroyed or damaged 324 buildings within a 340-meter radius, destroyed or burned 86 cars, and shattered glass in 258 nearby buildings, causing at least an estimated $652 million worth of damage. The main suspect- Timothy McVeigh, was executed by lethal injection on June 11, 2001. It was the deadliest single domestic terrorist attack in US history, prior to 9/11.
Which event happened after 2000, the Alfred P. Murrah Federal Building was destroyed or Timothy McVeigh was executed?
{ "text": [ "Timothy McVeigh, was executed" ], "answer_start": [ 449 ] }
{ "split": "train", "model_in_the_loop": "RoBERTa-Large" }
70bfdfc2f4b5d81d78f55b4f9ab96db4e1149b91
Oklahoma_City
By the time Oklahoma was admitted to the Union in 1907, Oklahoma City had surpassed Guthrie, the territorial capital, as the population center and commercial hub of the new state. Soon after, the capital was moved from Guthrie to Oklahoma City. Oklahoma City was a major stop on Route 66 during the early part of the 20th century; it was prominently mentioned in Bobby Troup's 1946 jazz classic, "(Get Your Kicks on) Route 66", later made famous by artist Nat King Cole.
When did Oklahoma gain statehood
{ "text": [ "1907" ], "answer_start": [ 50 ] }
{ "split": "train", "model_in_the_loop": "RoBERTa-Large" }
b59810681f15d40c7a6d35b90ff12141aceb56f3
Oklahoma_City
By the time Oklahoma was admitted to the Union in 1907, Oklahoma City had surpassed Guthrie, the territorial capital, as the population center and commercial hub of the new state. Soon after, the capital was moved from Guthrie to Oklahoma City. Oklahoma City was a major stop on Route 66 during the early part of the 20th century; it was prominently mentioned in Bobby Troup's 1946 jazz classic, "(Get Your Kicks on) Route 66", later made famous by artist Nat King Cole.
What was Oklahoma's most populace area in the early 1900's
{ "text": [ "Oklahoma City" ], "answer_start": [ 56 ] }
{ "split": "train", "model_in_the_loop": "RoBERTa-Large" }
e151690af71014c27a527273029bb2247293b0ad
Oklahoma_City
By the time Oklahoma was admitted to the Union in 1907, Oklahoma City had surpassed Guthrie, the territorial capital, as the population center and commercial hub of the new state. Soon after, the capital was moved from Guthrie to Oklahoma City. Oklahoma City was a major stop on Route 66 during the early part of the 20th century; it was prominently mentioned in Bobby Troup's 1946 jazz classic, "(Get Your Kicks on) Route 66", later made famous by artist Nat King Cole.
What designation passed from Guthrie to Oklahoma City after 1907
{ "text": [ "capital" ], "answer_start": [ 109 ] }
{ "split": "train", "model_in_the_loop": "RoBERTa-Large" }
0601e3ed8c31f21f269fa851c563eb8affc17a18
Oklahoma_City
By the time Oklahoma was admitted to the Union in 1907, Oklahoma City had surpassed Guthrie, the territorial capital, as the population center and commercial hub of the new state. Soon after, the capital was moved from Guthrie to Oklahoma City. Oklahoma City was a major stop on Route 66 during the early part of the 20th century; it was prominently mentioned in Bobby Troup's 1946 jazz classic, "(Get Your Kicks on) Route 66", later made famous by artist Nat King Cole.
At the time Oklahoma gained statehood, what was its busiest commercial city
{ "text": [ "Oklahoma City" ], "answer_start": [ 56 ] }
{ "split": "train", "model_in_the_loop": "RoBERTa-Large" }
d3030afd1ac33457a134991072a71ef9221e6096
Oklahoma_City
By the time Oklahoma was admitted to the Union in 1907, Oklahoma City had surpassed Guthrie, the territorial capital, as the population center and commercial hub of the new state. Soon after, the capital was moved from Guthrie to Oklahoma City. Oklahoma City was a major stop on Route 66 during the early part of the 20th century; it was prominently mentioned in Bobby Troup's 1946 jazz classic, "(Get Your Kicks on) Route 66", later made famous by artist Nat King Cole.
Was Oklahoma City named capitol before or after Oklahoma gained statehood
{ "text": [ "Soon after" ], "answer_start": [ 180 ] }
{ "split": "train", "model_in_the_loop": "RoBERTa-Large" }
6783a7d398b730d2a89ad2711894ccc0e2c1930f
Oklahoma_City
Oklahoma City has a very active severe weather season from March through June, especially during April and May. Being in the center of what is colloquially referred to as Tornado Alley, it is prone to especially frequent and severe tornadoes, as well as very severe hailstorms and occasional derechoes. Tornadoes have occurred in every month of the year and a secondary smaller peak also occurs during autumn, especially October. The Oklahoma City metropolitan area is one of the most tornado-prone major cities in the world, with about 150 tornadoes striking within the city limits since 1890. Since the time weather records have been kept, Oklahoma City has been struck by thirteen violent tornadoes, eleven F/EF4s and two F/EF5. On May 3, 1999 parts of southern Oklahoma City and nearby suburban communities suffered from one of the most powerful tornadoes on record, an F5 on the Fujita scale, with wind speeds estimated by radar at 318 mph (510 km/h). On May 20, 2013, far southwest Oklahoma City, along with Newcastle and Moore, was hit again by a EF5 tornado; it was 0.5 to 1.3 miles (0.80 to 2.09 km) wide and killed 23 people. Less than two weeks later, on May 31, another outbreak affected the Oklahoma City area, including an EF1 and an EF0 within the city and a tornado several miles west of the city that was 2.6 miles (4.2 km) in width, the widest tornado ever recorded.
Which type of tornadoes have struck Oklahoma City under ten times, F/EF4s or F/EF5?
{ "text": [ "F/EF5" ], "answer_start": [ 725 ] }
{ "split": "train", "model_in_the_loop": "RoBERTa-Large" }
79c8e44b90cabf727f793799ef4de66d368f94bb
Oklahoma_City
Oklahoma City has a very active severe weather season from March through June, especially during April and May. Being in the center of what is colloquially referred to as Tornado Alley, it is prone to especially frequent and severe tornadoes, as well as very severe hailstorms and occasional derechoes. Tornadoes have occurred in every month of the year and a secondary smaller peak also occurs during autumn, especially October. The Oklahoma City metropolitan area is one of the most tornado-prone major cities in the world, with about 150 tornadoes striking within the city limits since 1890. Since the time weather records have been kept, Oklahoma City has been struck by thirteen violent tornadoes, eleven F/EF4s and two F/EF5. On May 3, 1999 parts of southern Oklahoma City and nearby suburban communities suffered from one of the most powerful tornadoes on record, an F5 on the Fujita scale, with wind speeds estimated by radar at 318 mph (510 km/h). On May 20, 2013, far southwest Oklahoma City, along with Newcastle and Moore, was hit again by a EF5 tornado; it was 0.5 to 1.3 miles (0.80 to 2.09 km) wide and killed 23 people. Less than two weeks later, on May 31, another outbreak affected the Oklahoma City area, including an EF1 and an EF0 within the city and a tornado several miles west of the city that was 2.6 miles (4.2 km) in width, the widest tornado ever recorded.
How many miles was the lower bound of the width of the EF5 tornado on May 20th, 2013?
{ "text": [ "0.5" ], "answer_start": [ 1074 ] }
{ "split": "train", "model_in_the_loop": "RoBERTa-Large" }
de5e6ea279f5f7d2e22a38148c6bc7188d2e7310
Oklahoma_City
Oklahoma City has a very active severe weather season from March through June, especially during April and May. Being in the center of what is colloquially referred to as Tornado Alley, it is prone to especially frequent and severe tornadoes, as well as very severe hailstorms and occasional derechoes. Tornadoes have occurred in every month of the year and a secondary smaller peak also occurs during autumn, especially October. The Oklahoma City metropolitan area is one of the most tornado-prone major cities in the world, with about 150 tornadoes striking within the city limits since 1890. Since the time weather records have been kept, Oklahoma City has been struck by thirteen violent tornadoes, eleven F/EF4s and two F/EF5. On May 3, 1999 parts of southern Oklahoma City and nearby suburban communities suffered from one of the most powerful tornadoes on record, an F5 on the Fujita scale, with wind speeds estimated by radar at 318 mph (510 km/h). On May 20, 2013, far southwest Oklahoma City, along with Newcastle and Moore, was hit again by a EF5 tornado; it was 0.5 to 1.3 miles (0.80 to 2.09 km) wide and killed 23 people. Less than two weeks later, on May 31, another outbreak affected the Oklahoma City area, including an EF1 and an EF0 within the city and a tornado several miles west of the city that was 2.6 miles (4.2 km) in width, the widest tornado ever recorded.
Which of the following is not a rating on the Fujita scale: F4, F5, or Oklahoma City?
{ "text": [ "Oklahoma City" ], "answer_start": [ 765 ] }
{ "split": "train", "model_in_the_loop": "RoBERTa-Large" }
e5204a8a08aa8ad457577fc71f77ce964a6865f4
Oklahoma_City
The Oklahoma City National Memorial in the northern part of Oklahoma City's downtown was created as the inscription on its eastern gate of the Memorial reads, "to honor the victims, survivors, rescuers, and all who were changed forever on April 19, 1995"; the memorial was built on the land formerly occupied by the Alfred P. Murrah Federal Building complex prior to its 1995 bombing. The outdoor Symbolic Memorial can be visited 24 hours a day for free, and the adjacent Memorial Museum, located in the former Journal Record building damaged by the bombing, can be entered for a small fee. The site is also home to the National Memorial Institute for the Prevention of Terrorism, a non-partisan, nonprofit think tank devoted to the prevention of terrorism.
What happened in Oklahoma City in April 1995 bombing that is similar to 9/11
{ "text": [ "Terrorism" ], "answer_start": [ 670 ] }
{ "split": "train", "model_in_the_loop": "RoBERTa-Large" }
29b06943d9eaa07686a1ff9171c0c65979300d39
Oklahoma_City
The Oklahoma City National Memorial in the northern part of Oklahoma City's downtown was created as the inscription on its eastern gate of the Memorial reads, "to honor the victims, survivors, rescuers, and all who were changed forever on April 19, 1995"; the memorial was built on the land formerly occupied by the Alfred P. Murrah Federal Building complex prior to its 1995 bombing. The outdoor Symbolic Memorial can be visited 24 hours a day for free, and the adjacent Memorial Museum, located in the former Journal Record building damaged by the bombing, can be entered for a small fee. The site is also home to the National Memorial Institute for the Prevention of Terrorism, a non-partisan, nonprofit think tank devoted to the prevention of terrorism.
Timothy McVey is considered to have participated in domestic what
{ "text": [ "Terrorism" ], "answer_start": [ 670 ] }
{ "split": "train", "model_in_the_loop": "RoBERTa-Large" }
ced043bf4557e389e8adc1c3ee834ae6f24a83a7
Oklahoma_City
The Oklahoma City National Memorial in the northern part of Oklahoma City's downtown was created as the inscription on its eastern gate of the Memorial reads, "to honor the victims, survivors, rescuers, and all who were changed forever on April 19, 1995"; the memorial was built on the land formerly occupied by the Alfred P. Murrah Federal Building complex prior to its 1995 bombing. The outdoor Symbolic Memorial can be visited 24 hours a day for free, and the adjacent Memorial Museum, located in the former Journal Record building damaged by the bombing, can be entered for a small fee. The site is also home to the National Memorial Institute for the Prevention of Terrorism, a non-partisan, nonprofit think tank devoted to the prevention of terrorism.
What was kept in the building damaged in the explosion
{ "text": [ "Journal Record" ], "answer_start": [ 511 ] }
{ "split": "train", "model_in_the_loop": "RoBERTa-Large" }
379c643db427001d341e0d78769e739c3d9bfdf9
Oklahoma_City
Oklahoma City has a major park in each quadrant of the city, going back to the first parks masterplan. Will Rogers Park, Lincoln Park, Trosper Park, and Woodson Park were once connected by the Grand Boulevard loop, some sections of which no longer exist. Martin Park Nature Center is a natural habitat in far northwest Oklahoma City. Will Rogers Park is home to the Lycan Conservatory, the Rose Garden, and Butterfly Garden, all built in the WPA era. Oklahoma City is home to the American Banjo Museum, which houses a large collection of highly decorated banjos from the early 20th century and exhibits on the history of the banjo and its place in American history. Concerts and lectures are also held there.
Which of the following was not built during the WPA era: the Rose Garden, Oklahoma City or the Butterfly Garden?
{ "text": [ "Oklahoma City" ], "answer_start": [ 451 ] }
{ "split": "train", "model_in_the_loop": "RoBERTa-Large" }
3bfdbaa7b3c4715b229e3f5fc5fca394ccdab00c
Oklahoma_City
Oklahoma City has a major park in each quadrant of the city, going back to the first parks masterplan. Will Rogers Park, Lincoln Park, Trosper Park, and Woodson Park were once connected by the Grand Boulevard loop, some sections of which no longer exist. Martin Park Nature Center is a natural habitat in far northwest Oklahoma City. Will Rogers Park is home to the Lycan Conservatory, the Rose Garden, and Butterfly Garden, all built in the WPA era. Oklahoma City is home to the American Banjo Museum, which houses a large collection of highly decorated banjos from the early 20th century and exhibits on the history of the banjo and its place in American history. Concerts and lectures are also held there.
Which of the following is not a park: Lincoln, Rose or Trosper?
{ "text": [ "Rose" ], "answer_start": [ 390 ] }
{ "split": "train", "model_in_the_loop": "RoBERTa-Large" }
dc119d266c29e40e2ee0d1902f7a79726b908a13
Oklahoma_City
Oklahoma City has a major park in each quadrant of the city, going back to the first parks masterplan. Will Rogers Park, Lincoln Park, Trosper Park, and Woodson Park were once connected by the Grand Boulevard loop, some sections of which no longer exist. Martin Park Nature Center is a natural habitat in far northwest Oklahoma City. Will Rogers Park is home to the Lycan Conservatory, the Rose Garden, and Butterfly Garden, all built in the WPA era. Oklahoma City is home to the American Banjo Museum, which houses a large collection of highly decorated banjos from the early 20th century and exhibits on the history of the banjo and its place in American history. Concerts and lectures are also held there.
Which of the following is not held in a museum: concerts, parks or lectures?
{ "text": [ "parks" ], "answer_start": [ 85 ] }
{ "split": "train", "model_in_the_loop": "RoBERTa-Large" }
25b8d9a896bbb57c9d8733b92afa4c288ad674a3
Oklahoma_City
The University of Oklahoma has several institutions of higher learning in the city and metropolitan area, with OU Medicine and the University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center campuses located east of downtown in the Oklahoma Health Center district, and the main campus located to the south in the suburb of Norman. The OU Medicine hosting the state's only Level-One trauma center. OU Health Sciences Center is one of the nation's largest independent medical centers, employing more than 12,000 people. OU is one of only four major universities in the nation to operate six medical schools.[clarification needed]
The University of Oklahoma has most of its buildings in which area ?
{ "text": [ "the Oklahoma Health Center district" ], "answer_start": [ 214 ] }
{ "split": "train", "model_in_the_loop": "RoBERTa-Large" }
c4ecd76fbcc930e7de84e8ece52497470f008191
Oklahoma_City
The University of Oklahoma has several institutions of higher learning in the city and metropolitan area, with OU Medicine and the University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center campuses located east of downtown in the Oklahoma Health Center district, and the main campus located to the south in the suburb of Norman. The OU Medicine hosting the state's only Level-One trauma center. OU Health Sciences Center is one of the nation's largest independent medical centers, employing more than 12,000 people. OU is one of only four major universities in the nation to operate six medical schools.[clarification needed]
The university has just one building in what kind of geographical area?
{ "text": [ "suburb" ], "answer_start": [ 299 ] }
{ "split": "train", "model_in_the_loop": "RoBERTa-Large" }
e17bfc8f1351113c9fe849ad5df5cf8e46672495
Oklahoma_City
The University of Oklahoma has several institutions of higher learning in the city and metropolitan area, with OU Medicine and the University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center campuses located east of downtown in the Oklahoma Health Center district, and the main campus located to the south in the suburb of Norman. The OU Medicine hosting the state's only Level-One trauma center. OU Health Sciences Center is one of the nation's largest independent medical centers, employing more than 12,000 people. OU is one of only four major universities in the nation to operate six medical schools.[clarification needed]
There are how many universities in charge of operating medical schools?
{ "text": [ "four" ], "answer_start": [ 522 ] }
{ "split": "train", "model_in_the_loop": "RoBERTa-Large" }
ca5adfbc69a655ecbb5fdd4b2d9a8cf6f6dba7c9
Oklahoma_City
Oklahoma City and the surrounding metropolitan area are home to a number of health care facilities and specialty hospitals. In Oklahoma City's MidTown district near downtown resides the state's oldest and largest single site hospital, St. Anthony Hospital and Physicians Medical Center.
What term used to describe an institution/building stems from the Latin word of stranger or visitor?
{ "text": [ "hospital" ], "answer_start": [ 225 ] }
{ "split": "train", "model_in_the_loop": "RoBERTa-Large" }
910b455fe1e03ebdd8c48365da7af5edb2cd1156
Oklahoma_City
Oklahoma City and the surrounding metropolitan area are home to a number of health care facilities and specialty hospitals. In Oklahoma City's MidTown district near downtown resides the state's oldest and largest single site hospital, St. Anthony Hospital and Physicians Medical Center.
A person that is an inhabitant of a metropolis is subsequently called a?
{ "text": [ "metropolitan" ], "answer_start": [ 34 ] }
{ "split": "train", "model_in_the_loop": "RoBERTa-Large" }
38cce05ae91a485c6ddf745f62fe098c7491a9a9
Oklahoma_City
Oklahoma City and the surrounding metropolitan area are home to a number of health care facilities and specialty hospitals. In Oklahoma City's MidTown district near downtown resides the state's oldest and largest single site hospital, St. Anthony Hospital and Physicians Medical Center.
What district in Oklahoma City has the Oklahoma City National Memorial?
{ "text": [ "downtown" ], "answer_start": [ 165 ] }
{ "split": "train", "model_in_the_loop": "RoBERTa-Large" }
7d62048febe391bd25ee452c13afff34f6074d25
Oklahoma_City
Oklahoma City and the surrounding metropolitan area are home to a number of health care facilities and specialty hospitals. In Oklahoma City's MidTown district near downtown resides the state's oldest and largest single site hospital, St. Anthony Hospital and Physicians Medical Center.
What is the name of the biggest button and most used on iOS devices such as a iPhone?
{ "text": [ "home" ], "answer_start": [ 56 ] }
{ "split": "train", "model_in_the_loop": "RoBERTa-Large" }
9ac3a28b8e682a46b3d3c7900477584d29e08822
Oklahoma_City
Oklahoma City and the surrounding metropolitan area are home to a number of health care facilities and specialty hospitals. In Oklahoma City's MidTown district near downtown resides the state's oldest and largest single site hospital, St. Anthony Hospital and Physicians Medical Center.
The name for an arithmetical value, expressed as a word or symbol used in counting and calculations is?
{ "text": [ "number" ], "answer_start": [ 66 ] }
{ "split": "train", "model_in_the_loop": "RoBERTa-Large" }
fc9eeea2556324e4f5a9c0da8b9a1fabafa59310
Oklahoma_City
Oklahoma City was home to several pioneers in radio and television broadcasting. Oklahoma City's WKY Radio was the first radio station transmitting west of the Mississippi River and the third radio station in the United States. WKY received its federal license in 1921 and has continually broadcast under the same call letters since 1922. In 1928, WKY was purchased by E.K. Gaylord's Oklahoma Publishing Company and affiliated with the NBC Red Network; in 1949, WKY-TV (channel 4) went on the air and later became the first independently owned television station in the U.S. to broadcast in color. In mid-2002, WKY radio was purchased outright by Citadel Broadcasting, who was bought out by Cumulus Broadcasting in 2011. The Gaylord family earlier sold WKY-TV in 1976, which has gone through a succession of owners (what is now KFOR-TV is currently owned by Tribune Broadcasting as of December 2013).
Which is not a last name, Gaylord or Station?
{ "text": [ "station" ], "answer_start": [ 198 ] }
{ "split": "train", "model_in_the_loop": "RoBERTa-Large" }
d3859d8dee8d6a8f64d7d317cf90e982901fbbe2
Oklahoma_City
Oklahoma City was home to several pioneers in radio and television broadcasting. Oklahoma City's WKY Radio was the first radio station transmitting west of the Mississippi River and the third radio station in the United States. WKY received its federal license in 1921 and has continually broadcast under the same call letters since 1922. In 1928, WKY was purchased by E.K. Gaylord's Oklahoma Publishing Company and affiliated with the NBC Red Network; in 1949, WKY-TV (channel 4) went on the air and later became the first independently owned television station in the U.S. to broadcast in color. In mid-2002, WKY radio was purchased outright by Citadel Broadcasting, who was bought out by Cumulus Broadcasting in 2011. The Gaylord family earlier sold WKY-TV in 1976, which has gone through a succession of owners (what is now KFOR-TV is currently owned by Tribune Broadcasting as of December 2013).
What do a mom, dad, and son create?
{ "text": [ "family" ], "answer_start": [ 733 ] }
{ "split": "train", "model_in_the_loop": "RoBERTa-Large" }
55d86c85f6d40d64c5d24666c3383179ede0d2cf
Oklahoma_City
Oklahoma City was home to several pioneers in radio and television broadcasting. Oklahoma City's WKY Radio was the first radio station transmitting west of the Mississippi River and the third radio station in the United States. WKY received its federal license in 1921 and has continually broadcast under the same call letters since 1922. In 1928, WKY was purchased by E.K. Gaylord's Oklahoma Publishing Company and affiliated with the NBC Red Network; in 1949, WKY-TV (channel 4) went on the air and later became the first independently owned television station in the U.S. to broadcast in color. In mid-2002, WKY radio was purchased outright by Citadel Broadcasting, who was bought out by Cumulus Broadcasting in 2011. The Gaylord family earlier sold WKY-TV in 1976, which has gone through a succession of owners (what is now KFOR-TV is currently owned by Tribune Broadcasting as of December 2013).
what is needed in order to be able to drive?
{ "text": [ "license" ], "answer_start": [ 253 ] }
{ "split": "train", "model_in_the_loop": "RoBERTa-Large" }
9d1d912fa6b11c87c70cb8fafa1e7a236a625e00
Oklahoma_City
The Museum of Osteology houses more than 300 real animal skeletons. Focusing on the form and function of the skeletal system, this 7,000 sq ft (650 m2) museum displays hundreds of skulls and skeletons from all corners of the world. Exhibits include adaptation, locomotion, classification and diversity of the vertebrate kingdom. The Museum of Osteology is the only one of its kind in America.
What do bones create?
{ "text": [ "skeletons" ], "answer_start": [ 57 ] }
{ "split": "train", "model_in_the_loop": "RoBERTa-Large" }
60bc989c4f421b922e4295851687f661b2f79849
Oklahoma_City
The Museum of Osteology houses more than 300 real animal skeletons. Focusing on the form and function of the skeletal system, this 7,000 sq ft (650 m2) museum displays hundreds of skulls and skeletons from all corners of the world. Exhibits include adaptation, locomotion, classification and diversity of the vertebrate kingdom. The Museum of Osteology is the only one of its kind in America.
What does a Queen rule?
{ "text": [ "kingdom" ], "answer_start": [ 320 ] }
{ "split": "train", "model_in_the_loop": "RoBERTa-Large" }
170d14060c1f44d130546eb850eb8756bdc6286f
Oklahoma_City
The Museum of Osteology houses more than 300 real animal skeletons. Focusing on the form and function of the skeletal system, this 7,000 sq ft (650 m2) museum displays hundreds of skulls and skeletons from all corners of the world. Exhibits include adaptation, locomotion, classification and diversity of the vertebrate kingdom. The Museum of Osteology is the only one of its kind in America.
What is the third word in USA?
{ "text": [ "America" ], "answer_start": [ 384 ] }
{ "split": "train", "model_in_the_loop": "RoBERTa-Large" }
bd9bbab82da946cf3a5aec4563c8a35f30bd0218
Oklahoma_City
Oklahoma City is the annual host of the Big 12 Baseball Tournament, the World Cup of Softball, and the annual NCAA Women's College World Series. The city has held the 2005 NCAA Men's Basketball First and Second round and hosted the Big 12 Men's and Women's Basketball Tournaments in 2007 and 2009. The major universities in the area – University of Oklahoma, Oklahoma City University, and Oklahoma State University – often schedule major basketball games and other sporting events at Chesapeake Energy Arena and Chickasaw Bricktown Ballpark, although most home games are played at their campus stadiums.
What male sport does Oklahoma City feature annually?
{ "text": [ "Big 12 Baseball Tournament" ], "answer_start": [ 40 ] }
{ "split": "train", "model_in_the_loop": "RoBERTa-Large" }
96cdeedd762fbaf79c9745c9dfce97ab07c1a0f6
Oklahoma_City
Oklahoma City is the annual host of the Big 12 Baseball Tournament, the World Cup of Softball, and the annual NCAA Women's College World Series. The city has held the 2005 NCAA Men's Basketball First and Second round and hosted the Big 12 Men's and Women's Basketball Tournaments in 2007 and 2009. The major universities in the area – University of Oklahoma, Oklahoma City University, and Oklahoma State University – often schedule major basketball games and other sporting events at Chesapeake Energy Arena and Chickasaw Bricktown Ballpark, although most home games are played at their campus stadiums.
What women's sport does Oklahoma City feature every year?
{ "text": [ "Softball" ], "answer_start": [ 85 ] }
{ "split": "train", "model_in_the_loop": "RoBERTa-Large" }
bf7731da826ed053bd2a7659a5cb0e4507345c16
Oklahoma_City
Oklahoma City is the annual host of the Big 12 Baseball Tournament, the World Cup of Softball, and the annual NCAA Women's College World Series. The city has held the 2005 NCAA Men's Basketball First and Second round and hosted the Big 12 Men's and Women's Basketball Tournaments in 2007 and 2009. The major universities in the area – University of Oklahoma, Oklahoma City University, and Oklahoma State University – often schedule major basketball games and other sporting events at Chesapeake Energy Arena and Chickasaw Bricktown Ballpark, although most home games are played at their campus stadiums.
What do local arenas, ballparks, or other fields often host?
{ "text": [ "home games" ], "answer_start": [ 556 ] }
{ "split": "train", "model_in_the_loop": "RoBERTa-Large" }
8214356466623ee98fbd8c7a3fad5996179da229
Oklahoma_City
Oklahoma City is the annual host of the Big 12 Baseball Tournament, the World Cup of Softball, and the annual NCAA Women's College World Series. The city has held the 2005 NCAA Men's Basketball First and Second round and hosted the Big 12 Men's and Women's Basketball Tournaments in 2007 and 2009. The major universities in the area – University of Oklahoma, Oklahoma City University, and Oklahoma State University – often schedule major basketball games and other sporting events at Chesapeake Energy Arena and Chickasaw Bricktown Ballpark, although most home games are played at their campus stadiums.
What did Oklahoma City host after 2004, but prior to 2006?
{ "text": [ "NCAA Men's Basketball First and Second round" ], "answer_start": [ 172 ] }
{ "split": "train", "model_in_the_loop": "RoBERTa-Large" }
4a36aabc87d80afd828789ff4b67ad1c44903e58
Oklahoma_City
Oklahoma City is the annual host of the Big 12 Baseball Tournament, the World Cup of Softball, and the annual NCAA Women's College World Series. The city has held the 2005 NCAA Men's Basketball First and Second round and hosted the Big 12 Men's and Women's Basketball Tournaments in 2007 and 2009. The major universities in the area – University of Oklahoma, Oklahoma City University, and Oklahoma State University – often schedule major basketball games and other sporting events at Chesapeake Energy Arena and Chickasaw Bricktown Ballpark, although most home games are played at their campus stadiums.
What association does Oklahoma City host many games for?
{ "text": [ "NCAA" ], "answer_start": [ 110 ] }
{ "split": "train", "model_in_the_loop": "RoBERTa-Large" }
78d423723f3507e64a24e96075549a434b24b817
Oklahoma_City
Oklahoma City has several public career and technology education schools associated with the Oklahoma Department of Career and Technology Education, the largest of which are Metro Technology Center and Francis Tuttle Technology Center.
Where could one go in Oklahoma to advance their education and career?
{ "text": [ "Oklahoma City" ], "answer_start": [ 0 ] }
{ "split": "train", "model_in_the_loop": "RoBERTa-Large" }
eac320da80f66505fb69a78017a7d78fae43e283
Oklahoma_City
The Oklahoman is Oklahoma City's major daily newspaper and is the most widely circulated in the state. NewsOK.com is the Oklahoman's online presence. Oklahoma Gazette is Oklahoma City's independent newsweekly, featuring such staples as local commentary, feature stories, restaurant reviews and movie listings and music and entertainment. The Journal Record is the city's daily business newspaper and okcBIZ is a monthly publication that covers business news affecting those who live and work in Central Oklahoma.
Where can the news in Oklahoma be read in print every seven days?
{ "text": [ "Oklahoma Gazette" ], "answer_start": [ 150 ] }
{ "split": "train", "model_in_the_loop": "RoBERTa-Large" }
9f03078578c897595d49c1ecf93ab80f6bd3f504
Light-emitting_diode
Among the challenges being faced to improve the efficiency of LED-based white light sources is the development of more efficient phosphors. As of 2010, the most efficient yellow phosphor is still the YAG phosphor, with less than 10% Stoke shift loss. Losses attributable to internal optical losses due to re-absorption in the LED chip and in the LED packaging itself account typically for another 10% to 30% of efficiency loss. Currently, in the area of phosphor LED development, much effort is being spent on optimizing these devices to higher light output and higher operation temperatures. For instance, the efficiency can be raised by adapting better package design or by using a more suitable type of phosphor. Conformal coating process is frequently used to address the issue of varying phosphor thickness.
Which of the following is NOT a goal of phorphor LED development: higher light output, optical losses, or higher operation temperatures?
{ "text": [ "optical losses" ], "answer_start": [ 283 ] }
{ "split": "train", "model_in_the_loop": "RoBERTa-Large" }
7fdd6d052b49cbd35dc807083c2df8fb65d70abf
Light-emitting_diode
Among the challenges being faced to improve the efficiency of LED-based white light sources is the development of more efficient phosphors. As of 2010, the most efficient yellow phosphor is still the YAG phosphor, with less than 10% Stoke shift loss. Losses attributable to internal optical losses due to re-absorption in the LED chip and in the LED packaging itself account typically for another 10% to 30% of efficiency loss. Currently, in the area of phosphor LED development, much effort is being spent on optimizing these devices to higher light output and higher operation temperatures. For instance, the efficiency can be raised by adapting better package design or by using a more suitable type of phosphor. Conformal coating process is frequently used to address the issue of varying phosphor thickness.
Which of the following does NOT raise efficiency: Stoke Shift loss, better package design, or a more suitable type of phosphor?
{ "text": [ "Stoke shift loss" ], "answer_start": [ 233 ] }
{ "split": "train", "model_in_the_loop": "RoBERTa-Large" }
7213d5c7869c40f690ebd876477fe95c1899ab1e
Light-emitting_diode
Among the challenges being faced to improve the efficiency of LED-based white light sources is the development of more efficient phosphors. As of 2010, the most efficient yellow phosphor is still the YAG phosphor, with less than 10% Stoke shift loss. Losses attributable to internal optical losses due to re-absorption in the LED chip and in the LED packaging itself account typically for another 10% to 30% of efficiency loss. Currently, in the area of phosphor LED development, much effort is being spent on optimizing these devices to higher light output and higher operation temperatures. For instance, the efficiency can be raised by adapting better package design or by using a more suitable type of phosphor. Conformal coating process is frequently used to address the issue of varying phosphor thickness.
Which causes a smaller loss, Stoke shift loss or internal optical losses?
{ "text": [ "Stoke shift loss" ], "answer_start": [ 233 ] }
{ "split": "train", "model_in_the_loop": "RoBERTa-Large" }
ef599ffa9662cbecab11daa49c8330d619f10622
Light-emitting_diode
Alphanumeric LEDs are available in seven-segment, starburst and dot-matrix format. Seven-segment displays handle all numbers and a limited set of letters. Starburst displays can display all letters. Dot-matrix displays typically use 5x7 pixels per character. Seven-segment LED displays were in widespread use in the 1970s and 1980s, but rising use of liquid crystal displays, with their lower power needs and greater display flexibility, has reduced the popularity of numeric and alphanumeric LED displays.
If you were only working with words, what would you choose?
{ "text": [ "Starburst displays" ], "answer_start": [ 155 ] }
{ "split": "train", "model_in_the_loop": "RoBERTa-Large" }
cd85b6b98aa6c374b5db827e29b192cab057597b
Light-emitting_diode
Alphanumeric LEDs are available in seven-segment, starburst and dot-matrix format. Seven-segment displays handle all numbers and a limited set of letters. Starburst displays can display all letters. Dot-matrix displays typically use 5x7 pixels per character. Seven-segment LED displays were in widespread use in the 1970s and 1980s, but rising use of liquid crystal displays, with their lower power needs and greater display flexibility, has reduced the popularity of numeric and alphanumeric LED displays.
What is being replaced here?
{ "text": [ "Alphanumeric LEDs" ], "answer_start": [ 0 ] }
{ "split": "train", "model_in_the_loop": "RoBERTa-Large" }
5da3a9acfe82fdf5d18887e04793a4acfc5bb64a
Light-emitting_diode
Alphanumeric LEDs are available in seven-segment, starburst and dot-matrix format. Seven-segment displays handle all numbers and a limited set of letters. Starburst displays can display all letters. Dot-matrix displays typically use 5x7 pixels per character. Seven-segment LED displays were in widespread use in the 1970s and 1980s, but rising use of liquid crystal displays, with their lower power needs and greater display flexibility, has reduced the popularity of numeric and alphanumeric LED displays.
What utilizes tiny pieces that converge to display numbers and letters?
{ "text": [ "Dot-matrix displays" ], "answer_start": [ 199 ] }
{ "split": "train", "model_in_the_loop": "RoBERTa-Large" }
9c9a189b8752021e7864541a903a0f44b5320f40
Light-emitting_diode
Alphanumeric LEDs are available in seven-segment, starburst and dot-matrix format. Seven-segment displays handle all numbers and a limited set of letters. Starburst displays can display all letters. Dot-matrix displays typically use 5x7 pixels per character. Seven-segment LED displays were in widespread use in the 1970s and 1980s, but rising use of liquid crystal displays, with their lower power needs and greater display flexibility, has reduced the popularity of numeric and alphanumeric LED displays.
What light emitting diodes are there?
{ "text": [ "seven-segment, starburst and dot-matrix" ], "answer_start": [ 35 ] }
{ "split": "train", "model_in_the_loop": "RoBERTa-Large" }
ad630ca6c9669c3c5a712d29d3c75c203ebe0713
Light-emitting_diode
Alphanumeric LEDs are available in seven-segment, starburst and dot-matrix format. Seven-segment displays handle all numbers and a limited set of letters. Starburst displays can display all letters. Dot-matrix displays typically use 5x7 pixels per character. Seven-segment LED displays were in widespread use in the 1970s and 1980s, but rising use of liquid crystal displays, with their lower power needs and greater display flexibility, has reduced the popularity of numeric and alphanumeric LED displays.
Which light emitting diodes display the greatest number of characters?
{ "text": [ "Starburst" ], "answer_start": [ 155 ] }
{ "split": "train", "model_in_the_loop": "RoBERTa-Large" }
45687cec5089549030e83287c4763091990ad8d9
Light-emitting_diode
Alphanumeric LEDs are available in seven-segment, starburst and dot-matrix format. Seven-segment displays handle all numbers and a limited set of letters. Starburst displays can display all letters. Dot-matrix displays typically use 5x7 pixels per character. Seven-segment LED displays were in widespread use in the 1970s and 1980s, but rising use of liquid crystal displays, with their lower power needs and greater display flexibility, has reduced the popularity of numeric and alphanumeric LED displays.
What is the descriptor for a light emitting diode that can show both letters and numbers?
{ "text": [ "Alphanumeric" ], "answer_start": [ 0 ] }
{ "split": "train", "model_in_the_loop": "RoBERTa-Large" }
a082ca5046f73ca958d3d059dd4471cf8ff702ec
Light-emitting_diode
Alphanumeric LEDs are available in seven-segment, starburst and dot-matrix format. Seven-segment displays handle all numbers and a limited set of letters. Starburst displays can display all letters. Dot-matrix displays typically use 5x7 pixels per character. Seven-segment LED displays were in widespread use in the 1970s and 1980s, but rising use of liquid crystal displays, with their lower power needs and greater display flexibility, has reduced the popularity of numeric and alphanumeric LED displays.
What type of light emitting diode uses a minute area of illumination on a display screen?
{ "text": [ "Dot-matrix" ], "answer_start": [ 199 ] }
{ "split": "train", "model_in_the_loop": "RoBERTa-Large" }
4ea5fe2e331f64a4157b4a1b38b951c8ded35cc5
Light-emitting_diode
Alphanumeric LEDs are available in seven-segment, starburst and dot-matrix format. Seven-segment displays handle all numbers and a limited set of letters. Starburst displays can display all letters. Dot-matrix displays typically use 5x7 pixels per character. Seven-segment LED displays were in widespread use in the 1970s and 1980s, but rising use of liquid crystal displays, with their lower power needs and greater display flexibility, has reduced the popularity of numeric and alphanumeric LED displays.
What are visual displays used in electronic devices in which a layer of a liquid crystal is sandwiched between two transparent electrodes?
{ "text": [ "liquid crystal displays" ], "answer_start": [ 351 ] }
{ "split": "train", "model_in_the_loop": "RoBERTa-Large" }
175a48a436311c236b47735c1ac49027f6d1abe6
Light-emitting_diode
Since LED efficacy is inversely proportional to operating temperature, LED technology is well suited for supermarket freezer lighting. Because LEDs produce less waste heat than incandescent lamps, their use in freezers can save on refrigeration costs as well. However, they may be more susceptible to frost and snow buildup than incandescent lamps, so some LED lighting systems have been designed with an added heating circuit. Additionally, research has developed heat sink technologies that will transfer heat produced within the junction to appropriate areas of the light fixture.
What is worse for their use in freezers?
{ "text": [ "incandescent" ], "answer_start": [ 177 ] }
{ "split": "train", "model_in_the_loop": "RoBERTa-Large" }
9fbe570e92c4480ae326e1ce09c5a765e10dcdd2
Light-emitting_diode
Since LED efficacy is inversely proportional to operating temperature, LED technology is well suited for supermarket freezer lighting. Because LEDs produce less waste heat than incandescent lamps, their use in freezers can save on refrigeration costs as well. However, they may be more susceptible to frost and snow buildup than incandescent lamps, so some LED lighting systems have been designed with an added heating circuit. Additionally, research has developed heat sink technologies that will transfer heat produced within the junction to appropriate areas of the light fixture.
In what way is incandescent better?
{ "text": [ "frost and snow buildup" ], "answer_start": [ 301 ] }
{ "split": "train", "model_in_the_loop": "RoBERTa-Large" }
ec6430513452a1b35d7a67bc84a53c134fbdad05
Light-emitting_diode
Since LED efficacy is inversely proportional to operating temperature, LED technology is well suited for supermarket freezer lighting. Because LEDs produce less waste heat than incandescent lamps, their use in freezers can save on refrigeration costs as well. However, they may be more susceptible to frost and snow buildup than incandescent lamps, so some LED lighting systems have been designed with an added heating circuit. Additionally, research has developed heat sink technologies that will transfer heat produced within the junction to appropriate areas of the light fixture.
What quality do incandescent lamps have less of that make them better than LEDs?
{ "text": [ "susceptible to frost and snow buildup" ], "answer_start": [ 286 ] }
{ "split": "train", "model_in_the_loop": "RoBERTa-Large" }
83672a0752cd80dbd118f8b627883201ee7581b8
Light-emitting_diode
LEDs have also been used as a medium-quality voltage reference in electronic circuits. The forward voltage drop (e.g. about 1.7 V for a normal red LED) can be used instead of a Zener diode in low-voltage regulators. Red LEDs have the flattest I/V curve above the knee. Nitride-based LEDs have a fairly steep I/V curve and are useless for this purpose. Although LED forward voltage is far more current-dependent than a Zener diode, Zener diodes with breakdown voltages below 3 V are not widely available.
What's the drop of a Zener diode
{ "text": [ "1.7 V" ], "answer_start": [ 124 ] }
{ "split": "train", "model_in_the_loop": "RoBERTa-Large" }
09940b5270e9fdd8d6860ac22b1f61269507284b
Light-emitting_diode
LEDs have also been used as a medium-quality voltage reference in electronic circuits. The forward voltage drop (e.g. about 1.7 V for a normal red LED) can be used instead of a Zener diode in low-voltage regulators. Red LEDs have the flattest I/V curve above the knee. Nitride-based LEDs have a fairly steep I/V curve and are useless for this purpose. Although LED forward voltage is far more current-dependent than a Zener diode, Zener diodes with breakdown voltages below 3 V are not widely available.
What are some diodes made from
{ "text": [ "Nitride" ], "answer_start": [ 269 ] }
{ "split": "train", "model_in_the_loop": "RoBERTa-Large" }