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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/110%20East%2042nd%20Street | The Bowery Savings Bank, then located at 130 Bowery in lower Manhattan, was among the parties which were seeking to add an uptown location. In September 1920, its trustees unanimously agreed to look for an uptown site. The trustees soon found a site on 42nd Street. The bank's management were initially unenthusiastic about the 42nd Street site, because it was right next to the elevated Grand Central spur. However, the bank's president pointed out that the original Bowery Savings Bank Building was itself next to an elevated line and that the 42nd Street location was very close to Grand Central Terminal and its attached subway station. Another issue was that a standalone bank building at 42nd Street was too expensive, so the building would also have to contain offices. The trustees bought the lot in November 1920 and established a committee the next month to draw up plans. The Bowery Savings Bank's decision reflected the northward movement of commerce in Manhattan, as well as the influence of suburbs on new development in New York City's core. | 1 | 1 |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/110%20East%2042nd%20Street | When the Bowery Savings Bank was planning its new uptown location, savings banks in New York were mostly limited to one location, a restriction that was not lifted until 1923. In November 1920, the bank circumvented this restriction by acquiring the Universal Savings Bank in lower Manhattan, which then relocated to 42nd Street. The Bowery Savings Bank was the first bank in the state to take advantage of a special provision in the state law, which allowed a savings bank to operate two branches if it merged with another savings bank. The Bowery Savings Bank took over the Universal Savings Bank in January 1921 and started operating a temporary branch next to Grand Central Terminal. That month, Mandel sold the Bowery Savings Bank the eastern half of the Grand Union Hotel site, which would be developed into an office building at 110 East 42nd Street. As per the purchase agreement between the bank and the corporation, the structures were to contain interlocking structures, including what was believed to be the city's tallest party wall separating two buildings. | 1 | 1 |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/110%20metres%20hurdles | In American high school track and field and at many international Under-20 athletics competitions, the 110MH are mostly the same as their professional counterparts. The main difference between the high school hurdles and college-level/ professional hurdles is the height. High school hurdles are 39’ inches high while college height hurdles are 42 inches tall. This change in height drastically changes the requirements placed on the hurdler to clear the barrier with the same amount of speed. High school hurdling technique is the same as professional except on the higher hurdles everything is exaggerated. As a high schooler makes the transition from the 39’s to the 42’s there are many things they must adjust to, the most prevailing issue is getting down after clearing the hurdle. 39-inch hurdlers are used to the normal sprinting motion right after they get off the hurdle but for a newly transitioned 42-inch hurdler that extra half a second can feel very foreign. The second major difference in technique between 39’s and 42’s is the take-off distance. When a high school hurdler approaches his first hurdle they are putting as much power into each step as possible and attempting to gain all the speed they can so by their eighth step they’ll be about six inches away from the hurdle. When attempting to clear a 42-inch hurdle the athlete can no longer run headfirst into the hurdle with disregard for the height of the hurdle. The newly made college hurdler needs to learn how to shorten their strides so they can take off the ground from farther away to clear a 42-inch barrier. | 0 | -1 |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/110%20metres%20hurdles | In American high school track and field and at many international Under-20 athletics competitions, the 110 metres hurdles are mostly the same as their professional counterparts. The main difference between the high school hurdles and college-level/ professional hurdles is the height. High school hurdles are inches high while college height hurdles are tall. This change in height drastically changes the requirements placed on the hurdler to clear the barrier with the same amount of speed. High school hurdling technique is the same as professional except on the higher hurdles everything is exaggerated. As a high schooler makes the transition from the 39’s to the 42’s there are many things they must adjust to, the most prevailing issue is getting down after clearing the hurdle. 39-inch hurdlers are used to the normal sprinting motion right after they get off the hurdle but for a newly transitioned 42-inch hurdler that extra half a second can feel very foreign. The second major difference in technique between 39’s and 42’s is the take-off distance. When a high school hurdler approaches his first hurdle they are putting as much power into each step as possible and attempting to gain all the speed they can so by their eighth step they’ll be about six inches away from the hurdle. When attempting to clear a 42-inch hurdle the athlete can no longer run headfirst into the hurdle with disregard for the height of the hurdle. The newly made college hurdler needs to learn how to shorten their strides so they can take off the ground from farther away to clear a 42-inch barrier. | 1 | 1 |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/111%20Eighth%20Avenue | The building had a multipurpose design when it opened, with the first floor and basement designated as "Union Inland Terminal #1", which was to be used to transport goods by truck to and from railroad lines and shipping piers. The building included four truck elevators capable of lifting 20-ton trucks, as well as 12 package elevators and 18 passenger elevators. The second floor was the Commerce section, designed for exhibitions, and the upper floors were intended for manufacturing. Upon opening, the Port Authority leased the terminal to the railroads. The railroads involved were the New York Central Railroad, the Pennsylvania Railroad, the Lehigh Valley Railroad, the Erie Railroad,, the Baltimore & Ohio Railroad, the Lackawanna Railroad, the New York, New Haven & Hartford Railroad, and the Central Railroad of New Jersey. At the time of construction it was estimated to be capable of handling one-third of the 680,000 annual tons of less-than-carload freight at the port. Because of the warehouse mission of the building it was able to avoid some of the setback rules that greatly reduced the buildable space available for the skyscrapers that mark the Manhattan skyline. | 1 | 1 |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/111%20West%2057th%20Street | In March 2016, Maloney told Bloomberg News that sales at the building would not commence until the following year. This was attributed to a general slowdown in the luxury residential market. By June 2016, the project had risen above street level. The project still encountered financial difficulty and faced a lawsuit from AmBase. In January 2017, the developers had defaulted on the $325 million mezzanine loan from Apollo. However, they negotiated a forbearance agreement on $300 million of the debt and the remaining $25 million was sold to Spruce Capital Management. The developers were in the process of negotiating another $100 million mezzanine loan from Baupost Group to repay Spruce but the loan was vetoed by AmBase. Meanwhile, the landmark facade of Steinway Hall was restored in early 2017. Construction had stalled by July 2017, after the tower had been built to 20 stories. At the time, Spruce claimed that it had not received payment on the $25 million mezzanine loan and filed paperwork to begin the process of foreclosure, leading AmBase to file another lawsuit against Maloney, Stern, and Spruce. The next month, the New York Supreme Court ruled that Spruce Capital could proceed with foreclosure. This allowed the lender to transfer the development entirely to Maloney and Stern, wiping out AmBase's investment completely. | 1 | 1 |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1124%20papal%20election | On 16 December, the Cardinals, including Lamberto, assembled in the chapel of the monastery of St. Pancratius attached to the south of the Lateran basilica. There, at the suggestion of Jonathas, the Cardinal-Deacon of Santi Cosma e Damiano, who was a partisan of the Pierleoni family, the Cardinals unanimously elected as Pope the Cardinal-Priest of Sant’ Anastasia, Theobaldo Boccapecci, who took the name Celestine II. He had only just put on the red mantle and the Te Deum was being sung when an armed party led by Roberto Frangipani (in a move pre-arranged with Cardinal Aymeric) burst in, attacked the newly enthroned Celestine, who was wounded, and acclaimed Lamberto as Pope. Since Celestine had not been formally consecrated pope, the wounded candidate declared himself willing to resign, but the Pierleoni family and their supporters refused to accept Lamberto, who in the confusion had been proclaimed Pope under the name Honorius II. Historians call the election "a travesty of canonical procedure". | 0 | -1 |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1124%20papal%20election | On 16 December, the Cardinals, including Lamberto, assembled in the chapel of the monastery of St. Pancratius attached to the south of the Lateran basilica. There, at the suggestion of Jonathas, the cardinal-deacon of Santi Cosma e Damiano, who was a partisan of the Pierleoni family, the Cardinals unanimously elected as Pope the cardinal-priest of Sant’ Anastasia, Theobaldo Boccapecci, who took the name Celestine II. He had only just put on the red mantle and the Te Deum was being sung when an armed party led by Roberto Frangipani (in a move pre-arranged with Cardinal Aymeric) burst in, attacked the newly enthroned Celestine, who was wounded, and acclaimed Lamberto as Pope. Since Celestine had not been formally consecrated pope, the wounded candidate declared himself willing to resign, but the Pierleoni family and their supporters refused to accept Lamberto, who in the confusion had been proclaimed Pope under the name Honorius II. Historians call the election "a travesty of canonical procedure". | 1 | 1 |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1143%20papal%20election | Pope Innocent II died on 24 September 1143, at Rome. During the first eight years of his pontificate he faced the schism with Antipope Anacletus II (1130–1138), which finally ended in May 1138 with abdication and submission of Anacletus’ successor Antipope Victor IV (1138). The Second Lateran Council in April 1139 deposed from the ecclesiastical offices all former adherents of the Anacletus. However, despite the triumph over the antipope, the last years of Innocent' pontificate were not successful - papal armies were defeated by King Roger II of Sicily, who had received the crown from Anacletus II and demanded the recognition of his title from Innocent II. After the lost battle of Galluccio on July 22, 1139 the pope was taken prisoner by Roger and was forced to confirm all privileges given to the king by Anacletus II. Soon afterwards new serious problem arose at the city of Rome. In 1143, shortly before Innocent's death, the Roman people created a municipal commune which rejected the secular rule of the Papacy in the Eternal City. The election of Innocent’ successor took place in the shadow of this municipal revolution. | 0 | -1 |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1143%20papal%20election | Pope Innocent II died on 24 September 1143, at Rome. During the first eight years of his pontificate he faced the schism with Antipope Anacletus II (1130–1138), which finally ended in May 1138 with abdication and submission of Anacletus’ successor Antipope Victor IV (1138). The Second Lateran Council in April 1139 deposed from the ecclesiastical offices all former adherents of the Anacletus. However, despite the triumph over the antipope, the last years of Innocent's pontificate were not successful - papal armies were defeated by King Roger II of Sicily, who had received the crown from Anacletus II and demanded the recognition of his title from Innocent II. After the lost battle of Galluccio on 22 July 1139 the pope was taken prisoner by Roger and was forced to confirm all privileges given to the king by Anacletus II. Soon afterwards new serious problem arose at the city of Rome. In 1143, shortly before Innocent's death, the Roman people created a municipal commune which rejected the secular rule of the Papacy in the Eternal City. The election of Innocent's successor took place in the shadow of this municipal revolution. | 1 | 1 |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/114th%20Illinois%20Infantry%20Regiment | The 114th Illinois participated in the pursuit of the defeated Confederate army on 17–28 December 1864. After marching to Clifton, Tennessee, the regiment traveled on river transports to Eastport, Mississippi, where it was reassigned as XVI Corps pontoniers. The troops stayed in Eastport until 9 February 1865 when they were ordered to New Orleans, which they reached on 22 February. The unit boarded an ocean-going steamer at Lake Ponchartrain bound for the Mobile campaign. It reached the area on 23 March, after staging at Dauphin Island on 3 March. During the campaign, the 114th Illinois Pontoniers under Major Johnson were assigned directly to XVI Corps under A. J. Smith. The unit was present at the Battle of Spanish Fort which was evacuated by its Confederate garrison on the night of 8 April 1865. The regiment was ordered to attack Forts Tracy and Huger in pontoon boats but the Confederate garrisons already abandoned both positions. After Mobile surrendered, the unit marched to Montgomery, Alabama, reaching there on 24 April. The 114th Illinois spanned the Alabama River with a pontoon bridge and remained guarding it until 17 July, when the unit was ordered to Vicksburg. | 0 | -1 |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/114th%20Illinois%20Infantry%20Regiment | The 114th Illinois participated in the pursuit of the defeated Confederate army on 17–28 December 1864. After marching to Clifton, Tennessee, the regiment traveled on river transports to Eastport, Mississippi, where it was reassigned as XVI Corps pontoniers. The troops stayed in Eastport until 9 February 1865 when they were ordered to New Orleans, which they reached on 22 February. The unit boarded an ocean-going steamer at Lake Pontchartrain bound for the Mobile campaign. It reached the area on 23 March, after staging at Dauphin Island on 3 March. During the campaign, the 114th Illinois Pontoniers under Major Johnson were assigned directly to XVI Corps under A. J. Smith. The unit was present at the Battle of Spanish Fort which was evacuated by its Confederate garrison on the night of 8 April 1865. The regiment was ordered to attack Forts Tracy and Huger in pontoon boats but the Confederate garrisons already abandoned both positions. After Mobile surrendered, the unit marched to Montgomery, Alabama, reaching there on 24 April. The 114th Illinois spanned the Alabama River with a pontoon bridge and remained guarding it until 17 July, when the unit was ordered to Vicksburg. | 1 | 1 |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/115th%20%28North%20Midland%29%20Field%20Regiment%2C%20Royal%20Artillery | Next morning the full German attack began as they established small bridgeheads near Calonne. Lieutenant-Colonel Simpson gathered stragglers from the Royal Warwicks and sent them to join a company of 2nd Dorsetshire Regiment, the support battalion positioned next to his D Troop. The regiment received urgent messages from the infantry that all possible fire was needed to suppress the German mortars and machine guns. Despite the church tower coming under fire the OP successfully picked out specific targets: one machine gun position was destroyed by just four rounds, while an enemy OP in a chimney was engaged with Shrapnel shell by D Troop. The bridges between Calonne and Antoing were targeted, and enemy infantry concentrating for an attack were dispersed by shellfire. One infantry unit sent back a message to the gunners, 'Thank God for you', and the Commanding Officer (CO) was congratulated on the regiment's shooting by the CO of the 1st Royal Scots. However, by the end of the day the ammunition position was very bad, many vehicles had been put out of action by enemy fire, and F Troop had lost all its guns. The regiment was ordered to withdraw in the dark to previously-chosen positions in the rear. | 0 | -1 |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/115th%20%28North%20Midland%29%20Field%20Regiment%2C%20Royal%20Artillery | Next morning the full German attack began as they established small bridgeheads near Calonne. Lieutenant-Colonel Simpson gathered stragglers from the Royal Warwicks and sent them to join a company of 2nd Dorsetshire Regiment, the support battalion positioned next to his D Troop. The regiment received urgent messages from the infantry that all possible fire was needed to suppress the German mortars and machine guns. Despite the church tower coming under fire the OP successfully picked out specific targets: one machine gun position was destroyed by just four rounds, while an enemy OP in a chimney was engaged with Shrapnel shell by D Troop. The bridges between Calonne and Antoing were targeted, and enemy infantry concentrating for an attack were dispersed by shellfire. One infantry unit sent back a message to the gunners, 'Thank God for you', and the Commanding Officer (CO) was congratulated on the regiment's shooting by the CO of the 1st Royal Scots. However, by the end of the day the ammunition position was very bad, many vehicles had been put out of action by enemy fire, and F Troop had lost all its guns. The regiment was ordered to withdraw in the dark to previously chosen positions in the rear. | 1 | 1 |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/116th%20Cavalry%20Brigade%20Combat%20Team | The above units were reorganized as elements of the 183rd Infantry (Headquarters was federally recognized on 10 January 1947 at Twin Falls) and the 116th Mechanized Cavalry Reconnaissance Squadron (Headquarters was federally recognized on 8 January 1947 at Caldwell). The 183rd Infantry (less 3rd Battalion) and 116th Mechanized Cavalry Reconnaissance Squadron were consolidated, reorganized, and redesignated on 12 September 1949 as the 116th Armored Cavalry with headquarters at Twin Falls. The 3rd Battalion, 183rd Infantry, was concurrently converted and redesignated as the 116th Engineer Combat Battalion—hereafter separate lineage. The 3rd Squadron was allotted on 15 December 1967 to the Nevada Army National Guard; it was relieved on 11 May 1974 from allotment to the Nevada Army National Guard and allotted to the Oregon Army National Guard. The 1st Squadron was relieved on 1 May 1977 from allotment to the Idaho Army National Guard. The Attack Helicopter Company was allotted on 1 September 1975 to the Washington and Wyoming Army National Guard. The 116th was one of the four Army National Guard armored cavalry regiments during the 1980's, along with the 107th Armored Cavalry Regiment, 163rd Armored Cavalry Regiment and the 278th Armored Cavalry Regiment. | 0 | -1 |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/116th%20Cavalry%20Brigade%20Combat%20Team | The above units were reorganized as elements of the 183rd Infantry (Headquarters was federally recognized on 10 January 1947 at Twin Falls) and the 116th Mechanized Cavalry Reconnaissance Squadron (Headquarters was federally recognized on 8 January 1947 at Caldwell). The 183rd Infantry (less 3rd Battalion) and 116th Mechanized Cavalry Reconnaissance Squadron were consolidated, reorganized, and redesignated on 12 September 1949 as the 116th Armored Cavalry with headquarters at Twin Falls. The 3rd Battalion, 183rd Infantry, was concurrently converted and redesignated as the 116th Engineer Combat Battalion—hereafter separate lineage. The 3rd Squadron was allotted on 15 December 1967 to the Nevada Army National Guard; it was relieved on 11 May 1974 from allotment to the Nevada Army National Guard and allotted to the Oregon Army National Guard. The 1st Squadron was relieved on 1 May 1977 from allotment to the Idaho Army National Guard. The Attack Helicopter Company was allotted on 1 September 1975 to the Washington and Wyoming Army National Guard. The 116th was one of the four Army National Guard armored cavalry regiments during the 1980s, along with the 107th Armored Cavalry Regiment, 163rd Armored Cavalry Regiment and the 278th Armored Cavalry Regiment. | 1 | 1 |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/116th%20Infantry%20Regiment%20%28United%20States%29 | In preparation for the Invasion of Normandy, the regiment participated in invasion rehearsal exercises, using landing craft, vehicle, personnel (LCVP) and Landing Craft Assault (LCA). For the invasion, the regiment was part of Force O, the initial assault force. The regiment was to lead the assault on Omaha Beach to the west of 1st Division's 16th Infantry, and would be temporarily attached to 1st Division. H-Hour, the beginning of the invasion, was scheduled for dawn on 5 June (D-Day, the first day of the assault). Companies A, E, F, and G were to be in the first wave of the assault on Omaha Beach. The beach was divided into sectors: Company A, the westernmost, was to land at Dog Green, Company G at Dog White, Company F at Dog Red, and Company E at Easy Green on the right of 16th Infantry. It was planned that by 09:30 on D-Day, the beach exits would be open and vehicles able to leave the beach. 1st Battalion was to take Vierville, link up with the Ranger assault group advancing east along the coastal highway, and advance on Vire. Meanwhile, 2nd Battalion would capture Saint-Laurent and the heights southwest of it. 3rd Battalion constituted the reserve, and was tasked with advancing to Longueville. | 0 | -1 |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/116th%20Infantry%20Regiment%20%28United%20States%29 | In preparation for the Invasion of Normandy, the regiment participated in invasion rehearsal exercises, using landing craft, vehicle, personnel (LCVP) and Landing Craft Assault (LCA). For the invasion, the regiment was part of Force O, the initial assault force. The regiment was to lead the assault on Omaha Beach to the west of 1st Division's 16th Infantry, and would be temporarily attached to 1st Division. H-Hour, the beginning of the invasion, was scheduled for dawn on 5 June (D-Day, the first day of the assault). Companies A, E, F, and G were to be in the first wave of the assault on Omaha Beach. The beach was divided into sectors: Company A, the westernmost, was to land at Dog Green, Company G at Dog White, Company F at Dog Red, and Company E at Easy Green on the right of 16th Infantry. It was planned that by 09:30 on D-Day, the beach exits would be open and vehicles able to leave the beach. 1st Battalion was to take Vierville, link up with the ranger group advancing east along the coastal highway, and advance on Vire. Meanwhile, 2nd Battalion would capture Saint-Laurent and the heights southwest of it. 3rd Battalion constituted the reserve, and was tasked with advancing to Longueville. | 1 | 1 |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/116th%20Street%E2%80%93Columbia%20University%20station | Columbia University first requested the demolition of the station's original entrance in Broadway's median in 1954, ahead of its bicentennial. Columbia brought up the issue again at a meeting of the New York City Board of Estimate in 1963, after a student was killed while crossing the street. The kiosk was seen as a safety hazard, with two deaths and several accidents occurring at the kiosk from 1962 to 1964. Sixty-eight hundred students and faculty members signed a petition to remove the kiosk in February 1964. On March 13, 1964, the New York City Board of Estimate voted to allocate $600,000 () to demolish the entrance and replace it with two new sidewalk entrances as part of the 1964–1965 City budget. The New York City Department of Highways had requested that funds be allocated to this project at the request of Columbia University. The New York City Transit Authority had not yet drawn up plans for the project. Bids for the kiosk's demolition were initially scheduled to be solicited in July 1964. That October, a NYCTA spokesperson announced that the demolition of the entrance would be delayed until the following spring. Work on the project had been expected to commence in December 1964. The NYCTA was expected to complete the design of the project in early 1965, after which the project could be put out for bids. | 0 | -1 |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/116th%20Street%E2%80%93Columbia%20University%20station | Columbia University first requested the demolition of the station's original entrance in Broadway's median in 1954, ahead of the Columbia University Bicentennial. The university brought up the issue again at a meeting of the New York City Board of Estimate in 1963, after a student was killed while crossing the street. The kiosk was seen as a safety hazard, with two deaths and several accidents occurring at the kiosk from 1962 to 1964. Sixty-eight hundred students and faculty members signed a petition to remove the kiosk in February 1964. On March 13, 1964, the New York City Board of Estimate voted to allocate $600,000 () to demolish the entrance and replace it with two new sidewalk entrances as part of the 1964–1965 City budget. The New York City Department of Highways had requested that funds be allocated to this project at the request of Columbia University. The New York City Transit Authority had not yet drawn up plans for the project. Bids for the kiosk's demolition were initially scheduled to be solicited in July 1964. That October, a NYCTA spokesperson announced that the demolition of the entrance would be delayed until the following spring. Work on the project had been expected to commence in December 1964. The NYCTA was expected to complete the design of the project in early 1965, after which the project could be put out for bids. | 1 | 1 |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/118th%20Infantry%20Regiment%20%28United%20States%29 | Prior to US involvement in the First World War, the predecessors of the 118th were sent to El Paso, Texas in 1916. There, they joined Brig. Gen. John J. "Blackjack" Pershing's Punitive Expedition to protect U.S. border towns from Mexican General Pancho Villa's forces. When America declared war on the German Empire, the various companies of the South Carolina Militia were organized into the 118th Infantry Regiment on 16 April 1917, and assigned to the 30th Infantry Division, the "Old Hickory" Division. The division consisted of the 117th, the 118th, the 119th, and the 120th Infantry Regiments, along with the 113th, 114th, 115th Machine Gun Battalions, and the 105th Engineer Regiment. Soldiers from North Carolina, South Carolina, Georgia, and Tennessee comprised the division when it shipped off to France for combat on the Western Front. The 118th joined the US Army II Corps, which served in the north alongside British forces. The fighting in the II Corps area was heavy, and six soldiers of the 118th Infantry received the Medal of Honor for their actions during this time: three on 8 October 1918, and one each on 11 October, 12 October and 15 October. | 0 | -1 |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/118th%20Infantry%20Regiment%20%28United%20States%29 | Prior to US involvement in the First World War, the predecessors of the 118th were sent to El Paso, Texas in 1916. There, they joined Brig. Gen. John J. "Black Jack" Pershing's Punitive Expedition to protect U.S. border towns from Mexican General Pancho Villa's forces. When America declared war on the German Empire, the various companies of the South Carolina Militia were organized into the 118th Infantry Regiment on 16 April 1917, and assigned to the 30th Infantry Division, the "Old Hickory" Division. The division consisted of the 117th, the 118th, the 119th, and the 120th Infantry Regiments, along with the 113th, 114th, 115th Machine Gun Battalions, and the 105th Engineer Regiment. Soldiers from North Carolina, South Carolina, Georgia, and Tennessee comprised the division when it shipped off to France for combat on the Western Front. The 118th joined the US Army II Corps, which served in the north alongside British forces. The fighting in the II Corps area was heavy, and six soldiers of the 118th Infantry received the Medal of Honor for their actions during this time: three on 8 October 1918, and one each on 11 October, 12 October and 15 October. | 1 | 1 |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/119th%20Assault%20Helicopter%20Company | Eventually assigned to the 52nd Combat Aviation Battalion, 17th Combat Aviation Group, 1st Aviation Brigade and headquartered at Camp Holloway in Pleiku, the company was also based at Camp Radcliff for a short time from late in 1969 to 1970. The unit was attacked twice by People's Army of Vietnam sappers while at Camp Radcliff, once in each year. The Company was equipped with 16 to 20 lightly armed UH-1 "slick" troopships, and by 1969 all UH-1Ds were upgraded to more-powerful UH-1H models and approximately 8 Huey UH-1C model gunships. The "slick" troopships used the radio callsign "Alligator" or "Gator", the gunships used the callsign "Crocodiles" or "Crocs". The callsigns that the pilots used were atypical for US Army aviation units of the time, instead of standard callsigns such as "Blue four-one" or "Yellow six," the pilots used nicknames. The company at one time also used the callsign called "Black Dragon," from which the 52nd CABn "Flying Dragon" callsign evolved. The total company strength of approximately 225 included 50 to 60 pilots and an equal number of crewmembers, plus field maintenance and other critical support personnel. | 0 | -1 |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/119th%20Assault%20Helicopter%20Company | Eventually assigned to the 52nd Combat Aviation Battalion, 17th Combat Aviation Group, 1st Aviation Brigade and headquartered at Camp Holloway in Pleiku, the company was also based at Camp Radcliff for a short time from late in 1969 to 1970. The unit was attacked twice by People's Army of Vietnam sappers while at Camp Radcliff, once in each year. The Company was equipped with 16 to 20 lightly armed UH-1D "slick" troopships, and approximately 8 Huey UH-1C model gunships. Due to high density-altitudes in the unit’s Central Highlands area of operations, by 1969 all UH-1Ds were upgraded to the more-powerful UH-1H aircraft. The "slick" troopships used the radio callsign "Alligator" or "Gator", the gunships used the callsign "Crocodiles" or "Crocs". The callsigns that the pilots used were atypical for US Army aviation units of the time, instead of standard callsigns such as "Blue four-one" or "Yellow six," the pilots used nicknames. The company at one time also used the callsign called "Black Dragon," from which the 52nd CABn "Flying Dragon" callsign evolved. The total company strength of approximately 225 included 50 to 60 pilots and an equal number of crewmembers, plus field maintenance and other critical support personnel. | 1 | 1 |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/119th%20Field%20Artillery%20Regiment | On the evening of 29 July 1918, the 119th Field Artillery arrived in the Picardy region of France, west of Chateau-Thierry, as part of the 32nd Infantry Division which relieved the American 3rd Infantry Division on the front line which stretched from Roncheres to Fere-en-Tardenois. This was the beginning of the Aisne–Marne counter-offensive also known as the Second Battle of the Marne. At 14:10 on 30 July 1918, the 119th Field Artillery commenced a full barrage of fire directed at the Bois de Grimpettes (Grimpettes Woods) just south of the village of Cierges. Twenty minutes later, at 14:30, the 119th Field Artillery switched to a creeping barrage to allow infantry units from the 32nd Infantry Division to follow close behind the line of artillery fire. Artillery fire continued throughout the day and into the night. On 31 July 1918, the 32nd Infantry Division stormed and captured Cierges and a ridge one kilometer (5/8-mile) east of the village of Sergy with the support of continuous fire from the 119th Field Artillery. After hard fighting, the 32nd Infantry Division, advanced a mile, broke into two important positions in the new German line of resistance, and captured them. Reddy Farm and Hill 230 were both captured on 1 August 1918, with the support of very active fire from the 119th Field Artillery. Rapid advancements were made on 2 and 3 August. By 10:30 on 3 August 1918, the leading elements of the 32nd Infantry Division had advanced to one-half kilometer (just over 1/4-mile) southwest of the village of Saint-Gilles where they captured Resson Farm. In just a matter of two days the 32nd Infantry Division had advanced from Reddy Farm and captured the villages of Villome and Dravegny, arriving on the outskirts of Saint-Gilles with active fire from the 119th Field Artillery. | 0 | -1 |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/119th%20Field%20Artillery%20Regiment | On the evening of 29 July 1918, the 119th Field Artillery arrived in the Picardy region of France, west of Chateau-Thierry, as part of the 32nd Infantry Division which relieved the American 3rd Infantry Division on the front line which stretched from Roncheres to Fere-en-Tardenois. This was the beginning of the Aisne–Marne counter-offensive also known as the Second Battle of the Marne. At 14:10 on 30 July 1918, the 119th Field Artillery commenced a full barrage of fire directed at the Bois de Grimpettes (Grimpettes Woods) just south of the village of Cierges. Twenty minutes later, at 14:30, the 119th Field Artillery switched to a creeping barrage to allow infantry units from the 32nd Infantry Division to follow close behind the line of artillery fire. Artillery fire continued throughout the day and into the night. On 31 July 1918, the 32nd Infantry Division stormed and captured Cierges and a ridge one kilometer (5/8-mile) east of the village of Sergy with the support of continuous fire from the 119th Field Artillery. After hard fighting, the 32nd Infantry Division advanced a mile, broke into two important positions in the new German line of resistance, and captured them. Reddy Farm and Hill 230 were both captured on 1 August 1918, with the support of very active fire from the 119th Field Artillery. Rapid advancements were made on 2 and 3 August. By 10:30 on 3 August 1918, the leading elements of the 32nd Infantry Division had advanced to one-half kilometer (just over 1/4-mile) southwest of the village of Saint-Gilles where they captured Resson Farm. In just a matter of two days the 32nd Infantry Division had advanced from Reddy Farm and captured the villages of Villome and Dravegny, arriving on the outskirts of Saint-Gilles with active fire from the 119th Field Artillery. | 1 | 1 |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/119th%20Light%20Anti-Aircraft%20Regiment%2C%20Royal%20Artillery | Second Army then made preparations to cross the Rhine in Operation Plunder. 15th (Scottish) Division was tasked with making the initial assault crossing on XII Corps' front (Operation Torchlight). The vast build-up of forces, ammunition and supply dumps was a major AA defence task. Defending the bridgeheads after the crossing was another vital task, so getting AA units across early was crucial. 119th LAA Rgt practised loading SP Bofors guns onto Class 9 rafts, which 15th (Kent) GHQ Troops Royal Engineers would operate until Bailey bridges could be erected across the wide river. Other gunners and equipment would cross in Buffaloes. While the assault was going on, the regiment was organised with three Trps (and 9 attached guns of 108th LAA Rgt from 52nd (Lowland) Infantry Division, the follow-up division) taking part in pepperpot bombardments of the far bank, one and a half Trps to give directional fire for the various craft crossing the river in darkness, and the remaining one and a half Trps giving AA cover to the medium and heavy guns of 3rd Army Group Royal Artillery. The guns moved into concealed positions on 22 and 23 March. When the operation was launched on the night of 23/4 March the regiment fired 1347 rounds in the pepperpots, and their red tracer was prominent when 15th (Scottish) Division's infantry set off across the river in stormboats and Buffaloes at 02.00. The infantry soon gained a footing for the bridgehead. The Sappers then began rafting across guns and vehicles, with LAA guns given a high priority. It was not until after dark on 24 March that small numbers of Luftwaffe aircraft appeared, making dive-bombing attacks from medium and low altitude, which were countered by searchlights and LAA guns. On 25 March 119th LAA Rgt sent C, E and G Trps (without guns or vehicles) across in Buffaloes to act as infantry to protect the bridgebuildig operations from any stray enemy hiding in the adjacent woods. Over the next two nights the number of air raids increased but the first bridges were operational on 25 March and the follow-up divisions began crossing. By now the raiders were forced to bomb from greater heights by the radar-controlled LAA barrages they faced. On 28 March a few fighter-bombers were seen by daylight in XII Corps' area, but thereafter the Rhine crossings remained quiet as the Luftwaffe had to fall back ahead of Second Army's advance. During 27 March the rest of the regiment, HQs and transport crossed the river, and next day E and G Trps were engaged in heavy ground firing in support of attacks by 44th (H) and 227th (H) Bdes, targets including a church tower that could have been used as an enemy OP. On 29 March the division was relieved and 119th LAA Rgt 'harboured' in the Bislicher Wald near Hamminkeln. | 0 | -1 |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/119th%20Light%20Anti-Aircraft%20Regiment%2C%20Royal%20Artillery | Second Army then made preparations to cross the Rhine in Operation Plunder. 15th (Scottish) Division was tasked with making the initial assault crossing on XII Corps' front (Operation Torchlight). The vast build-up of forces, ammunition and supply dumps was a major AA defence task. Defending the bridgeheads after the crossing was another vital task, so getting AA units across early was crucial. 119th LAA Rgt practised loading SP Bofors guns onto Class 9 rafts, which 15th (Kent) GHQ Troops Royal Engineers would operate until Bailey bridges could be erected across the wide river. Other gunners and equipment would cross in Buffaloes. While the assault was going on, the regiment was organised with three Trps (and 9 attached guns of 108th LAA Rgt from 52nd (Lowland) Infantry Division, the follow-up division) taking part in pepperpot bombardments of the far bank, one and a half Trps to give directional fire for the various craft crossing the river in darkness, and the remaining one and a half Trps giving AA cover to the medium and heavy guns of 3rd Army Group Royal Artillery. The guns moved into concealed positions on 22 and 23 March. When the operation was launched on the night of 23/4 March the regiment fired 1347 rounds in the pepperpots, and their red tracer was prominent when 15th (Scottish) Division's infantry set off across the river in stormboats and Buffaloes at 02.00. The infantry soon gained a footing for the bridgehead. The Sappers then began rafting across guns and vehicles, with LAA guns given a high priority. It was not until after dark on 24 March that small numbers of Luftwaffe aircraft appeared, making dive-bombing attacks from medium and low altitude, which were countered by searchlights and LAA guns. On 25 March 119th LAA Rgt sent C, E and G Trps (without guns or vehicles) across in Buffaloes to act as infantry to protect the bridge-building operations from any stray enemy hiding in the adjacent woods. Over the next two nights the number of air raids increased but the first bridges were operational on 25 March and the follow-up divisions began crossing. By now the raiders were forced to bomb from greater heights by the radar-controlled LAA barrages they faced. On 28 March a few fighter-bombers were seen by daylight in XII Corps' area, but thereafter the Rhine crossings remained quiet as the Luftwaffe had to fall back ahead of Second Army's advance. During 27 March the rest of the regiment, HQs and transport crossed the river, and next day E and G Trps were engaged in heavy ground firing in support of attacks by 44th (H) and 227th (H) Bdes, targets including a church tower that could have been used as an enemy OP. On 29 March the division was relieved and 119th LAA Rgt 'harboured' in the Bislicher Wald near Hamminkeln. | 1 | 1 |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/11th%20Expeditionary%20Combat%20Aviation%20Brigade | During its years in Germany, the Group had a pathfinder platoon of about a dozen personnel. The unit traced its lineage back to the 11th Airborne Division pathfinders of World War II and the post-war years, as well as the pathfinders of the 11th Aviation Group in Viet Nam. Like some other small Airborne infantry units, initially members of the platoon wore the light blue Infantry School flash as an expedient. The flash was mainly at that time by cadre members of the 4th Airborne Student Training Battalion (aka "jump school") at Fort Benning, which was reflagged on 23 October 1985 as the 1st Battalion, 507th Infantry (redesignated 1 October 2005 as the 1st Battalion, 507th Infantry Regiment). Eventually the platoon submitted the 11th Airborne Division design and was granted approval by the United States Army Institute of Heraldry; however, the new flash and matching wing trimming were only worn for about a year due to the unit's inactivation. The authorization for a pathfinder platoon was dropped in the late 1980s and personnel departed as their tours were completed. | 1 | 1 |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/11th%20Panchen%20Lama%20controversy | The 11th Panchen Lama controversy is a dispute about the recognition of the 11th Kunsik Panchen Lama. The Panchen Lama is considered the second most important spiritual leader in Tibetan Buddhism after the Dalai Lama. Following the death of the 10th Panchen Lama, the 14th Dalai Lama recognized Gedhun Choekyi Nyima in 1995. Three days later, the Peoples Republic of China (PRC) abducted the Panchen Lama and his family. Months later, the PRC chose Gyaincain Norbu as its proxy Panchen Lama. During the traditional search process, Chatral Rinpoche indicated to the Dalai Lama that all signs pointed to Gedhun Choekyi Nyima, while the Dalai Lamas and Panchen Lamas recognize each other's incarnations. The PRC had established its own search committee, which included Chatral Rinpoche and other monks, and used a lottery system referred to as the Golden Urn. Neither Gedhun Choekyi Nyima nor his family have been seen since the abduction. Chadral Rinpoche was arrested by Chinese authorities the day after the abduction. | 0 | -1 |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/11th%20Panchen%20Lama%20controversy | The 11th Panchen Lama controversy is a dispute about the recognition of the 11th Kunsik Panchen Lama. The Panchen Lama is considered the second most important spiritual leader in Tibetan Buddhism after the Dalai Lama. Following the death of the 10th Panchen Lama, the 14th Dalai Lama recognized Gedhun Choekyi Nyima in 1995. Three days later, the Peoples Republic of China (PRC) abducted the Panchen Lama and his family. Months later, the PRC chose Gyaincain Norbu as its proxy Panchen Lama. During the traditional search process, Chatral Rinpoche indicated to the Dalai Lama that all signs pointed to Gedhun Choekyi Nyima, while the Dalai Lamas and Panchen Lamas recognize each other's incarnations. The PRC had established its own search committee, which included Chatral Rinpoche and other monks, and used a lottery system referred to as the Golden Urn. Neither Gedhun Choekyi Nyima nor his family have been seen since the abduction. Chatral Rinpoche was arrested by Chinese authorities the day after the abduction. | 1 | 1 |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/11th%20Street%20station%20%28Indiana%29 | In September 2021, the city of Michigan City issued a request for proposal (RFP) for developers interested in building a mixed-use development on the city block of the planned rebuilt station (the block enveloped by Franklin, Pine, 10th, and 11th streets). In doing so, Michigan City and NICTD indicated their interest in seeing developer construct a mixed-use development that would include intermodal hub featuring 426 parking spaces, a passenger waiting area, and a train stop for the South Shore Line, ideally with the original station building's facade being restored and reinstalled. The RFP specified that the project could be as many as ten floors high and needed to be finished by the expected May 2024 completion of the South Shore Line double track construction. The city committed to providing $16 million in funding to aid in their construction. On February 23, 2022, it was announced that Michigan City and NICDTD had reached an agreement with Flaherty & Collins Properties for an $80 million mixed-use development. Flaherty & Collins' proposal had been unanimously chosen by a review committee. The development will include, in addition to the new train station, a twelve-story high-rise with 208 luxury residential apartments, more than of commercial space, and a parking garage with 558 spaces. The development will incorporate the facade of the original station building. The development is slated to break ground in the summer of 2023, open its transit center by May 2024, an finish construction on its apartments by the spring of 2025. | 0 | -1 |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/11th%20Street%20station%20%28Indiana%29 | In September 2021, the city of Michigan City issued a request for proposal (RFP) for developers interested in building a mixed-use development on the city block of the planned rebuilt station (the block enveloped by Franklin, Pine, 10th, and 11th streets). In doing so, Michigan City and NICTD indicated their interest in seeing developer construct a mixed-use development that would include intermodal hub featuring 426 parking spaces, a passenger waiting area, and a train stop for the South Shore Line, ideally with the original station building's facade being restored and reinstalled. The RFP specified that the project could be as many as ten floors high and needed to be finished by the expected May 2024 completion of the South Shore Line double track construction. The city committed to providing $16 million in funding to aid in their construction. On February 23, 2022, it was announced that Michigan City and NICDTD had reached an agreement with Flaherty & Collins Properties for an $80 million mixed-use development. Flaherty & Collins' proposal had been unanimously chosen by a review committee. The development will include, in addition to the new train station, a twelve-story high-rise with 208 luxury residential apartments, more than of commercial space, and a parking garage with 558 spaces. The development will incorporate the facade of the original station building. The development is slated to break ground in the summer of 2023, open its transit center by May 2024, and finish construction on its apartments by the spring of 2025. | 1 | 1 |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/12%20Hours%20of%20Sebring | The track opened in 1950 on an airfield and is a road racing course styled after those used in European Grand Prix motor racing. The first race was a six-hour race on New Year's Eve 1950. The winning car is currently on display at the Edge Motor Museum in Memphis, Tennessee. The next race held 14 months later as the first 12 Hours of Sebring. The race is famous for its "once around the clock" action, starting during the day and finishing at night. From 1953 to 1972 the 12 Hour was a round of the FIA's premier sports car series which was contested under various names including the World Sportscar Championship and the International Championship for Makes. In the 1950's, in addition to Le Mans, Sebring was on the calendar at the same time races such as the Mille Miglia, Targa Florio, Carrera Panamericana and the Tourist Trophy were on the World Sportscar Championship calendar, such was the prestige of the race. It was also the most important American race for the European teams and drivers, as the United States Formula One Grand Prix was not run until 1959. | 0 | -1 |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/12%20Hours%20of%20Sebring | The track opened in 1950 on an airfield and is a road racing course styled after those used in European Grand Prix motor racing. The first race was a six-hour race on New Year's Eve 1950. The winning car is currently on display at the Edge Motor Museum in Memphis, Tennessee. The next race held 14 months later as the first 12 Hours of Sebring. The race is famous for its "once around the clock" action, starting during the day and finishing at night. From 1953 to 1972 the 12 Hour was a round of the FIA's premier sports car series which was contested under various names including the World Sportscar Championship and the International Championship for Makes. In the 1950's, in addition to Le Mans, Sebring was on the calendar at the same time now-legendary races such as the Mille Miglia, Targa Florio, Carrera Panamericana and the RAC Tourist Trophy were on the World Sportscar Championship calendar, such was the prestige of the Sebring race. It was also the most important American race for the European teams and drivers and was the center of European racing activity in the United States, as it was the only time during the 1950's that the big European manufacturer teams and drivers came to the United States in force, and with that brought a lot of international media attention- the United States Formula One Grand Prix was not run until 1959. Top drivers who competed on the European circuit in the 1950's such as Juan Manuel Fangio, Alberto Ascari, Nino Farina, Stirling Moss and Mike Hawthorn all raced at Sebring, and the 1957 Sebring 12 Hours was the only American race the 5-time world champion Fangio ever won. | 1 | 1 |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/12%20Hours%20of%20Sebring | In its early years, the Sebring circuit combined former airport runways with narrow two-lane service roads. The 1966 event was a turning point in Sebring history, as the facilities and the safety of the circuit were heavily criticized. Five people were killed during the race, which was more people killed than in the race's prior 15-year history combined. Bob McLean crashed while approaching the hairpin; his car rolled several times, struck a utility pole and then exploded, landing in a ditch and killing McLean. In another incident Mario Andretti in his Ferrari 365 P2 tangled with Don Wester's Porsche 906 on the Warehouse Straight near the Webster Turns, killing four spectators and then crashing into a warehouse next to the track. Subsequent to these events, the facilities were upgraded and the circuit layout was changed, including eliminating the Webster Turns and creating the Green Park Chicane further down the track to move the straight further away from the airport warehouses. The circuit was made safer and there were no fatalities until 1980. | 0 | -1 |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/12%20Hours%20of%20Sebring | In its early years, the Sebring circuit combined former airport runways with narrow two-lane service roads. The 1966 event was a turning point in Sebring history, as the facilities and the safety of the circuit were heavily criticized. Five people were killed during the race, which was more people killed than in the race's prior 15-year history combined. Bob McLean crashed while approaching the hairpin; his car rolled several times, struck a utility pole and then exploded, landing in a ditch and killing McLean. In another incident Mario Andretti in his Ferrari 365 P2 tangled with Don Wester's Porsche 906 on the Warehouse Straight near the Webster Turns, killing four spectators and then crashing into a warehouse next to the track. Subsequent to these events, the facilities were upgraded and the circuit layout was changed, including eliminating the Webster Turns and creating the Green Park Chicane further down the track to move the straight further away from the airport warehouses. The circuit was made safer, and since then there have only been 4 fatalities since then- a remarkable record for a circuit of Sebring's age. | 1 | 1 |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/12%20Regiment%20Royal%20Artillery | The regiment was established in 1947 when 7th Regiment, Royal Horse Artillery was retitled 12th Anti-Tank Regiment Royal Artillery. It was deployed to Palestine that year, to Libya in 1948 and Trieste in 1950. It also saw action in Malaya in 1963 and Borneo in 1964. Units saw tours in Northern Ireland during the Troubles in 1971, 1974, 1977, 1979 and 1988. T Battery and 9 Battery were sent to the South Atlantic during the Falklands War in 1982. T Battery and 58 Battery saw action during the Gulf War in 1991. Dec 1996 saw G Troop, 58 Battery deploy to Cyprus for 6 months with 32 Regiment Royal Artillery. The remainder of 58 Battery deployed to Bosnia with 4 Regiment Royal Artillery as a part of SFOR. 12 Regiment Royal Artillery deployed complete for 6 months to South Armagh, Northern Ireland 1998. Jan 2003 saw 12 Regiment deploy to South Kent for fire fighting duties covering the fire strike during that period and shortly after 12 Battery Group was created from elements of 12, 9 & 58 Battery's and deployed for the 2003 invasion of Iraq.T Headquarter Battery also separately deployed its Divisional Air Defence Cell to support Divisional Headquarters. Once warfighting had completed 12 Battery Group reformed as 12 Regiment Royal Artillery under T Headquarter Battery to carry out a peace keeping role in the Basra area. 58 Battery deployed to Belfast, Northern Ireland as part of Op Faction in 2004 | 0 | -1 |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/12%20Regiment%20Royal%20Artillery | The regiment was established in 1947 when 7th Regiment, Royal Horse Artillery, was retitled 12th Anti-Tank Regiment Royal Artillery. It was deployed to Palestine that year, to Libya in 1948 and Trieste in 1950. It also saw action in Malaya in 1963 and Borneo in 1964. Units saw tours in Northern Ireland during the Troubles in 1971, 1974, 1977, 1979 and 1988. T Battery and 9 Battery were sent to the South Atlantic during the Falklands War in 1982. T Battery and 58 Battery saw action during the Gulf War in 1991. December 1996 saw G Troop, 58 Battery, deploy to Cyprus for 6 months with 32 Regiment Royal Artillery. The remainder of 58 Battery deployed to Bosnia with 4 Regiment Royal Artillery as a part of SFOR. 12 Regiment Royal Artillery deployed complete for 6 months to South Armagh, Northern Ireland, 1998. January 2003 saw 12 Regiment deploy to South Kent for fire fighting duties covering the fire strike during that period and shortly after 12 Battery Group was created from elements of 12, 9 & 58 Battery's and deployed for the 2003 invasion of Iraq.T Headquarter Battery also separately deployed its Divisional Air Defence Cell to support Divisional Headquarters. Once warfighting had completed 12 Battery Group reformed as 12 Regiment Royal Artillery under T Headquarter Battery to carry out a peace keeping role in the Basra area. 58 Battery deployed to Belfast, Northern Ireland, as part of Operation Faction in 2004 | 1 | 1 |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/12%20Strong | ODA 595 is inserted covertly in Afghanistan aboard an MH-47 Chinook flown by 160th SOAR on 19 October 2001. They land 40 miles south of Mazar-i Sharif, the country's fourth-largest city and a longtime stronghold of the Taliban, where they meet Dostum. Six of the 12 members, led by Nelson, leave with Dostum to the mountains, while the other six remain in a fortified camp nicknamed "The Alamo" under Spencer's command. Dostum is attempting to capture the northern Afghanistan city, while battling Taliban leader Mullah Razzan, who rules local communities brutally under strict Sharia law, and has murdered several people, including Dostum's family. Although the warlord is initially skeptical of Nelson's abilities, Nelson gradually earns Dostum's respect. In one battle, however, Dostum makes a tactical error, costing several casualties. Nelson accuses Dostum of acting carelessly with the lives of his men and of withholding valuable information, while Dostum retorts that he still feels that Nelson, and the U.S. are not willing to pay the potential price of the conflict, and tells Nelson that he needs to use his heart and mind to "be a warrior" instead of a soldier. The two eventually reconcile, and, after splitting off a three-man element under SFC Sam Diller to strike a Taliban supply route, and being joined by Spencer's half of ODA 595, continue to work together. They win several victories with Dostum's leadership and manpower and American airpower, making significant progress towards Mazar-i Sharif. When Nelson informs Dostum that another ODA, 555, has been dispatched to support Atta Muhammad, another Northern Alliance leader, who is Dostum's political rival, Dostum is furious, and his men promptly abandon 595. | 0 | -1 |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/12%20Strong | ODA 595 is inserted covertly in Afghanistan aboard an MH-47 Chinook flown by 160th SOAR on October 19, 2001. They land 40 miles south of Mazar-i Sharif, the country's fourth-largest city and a longtime stronghold of the Taliban, where they meet Dostum. Six of the 12 members, led by Nelson, leave with Dostum to the mountains, while the other six remain in a fortified camp nicknamed "The Alamo" under Spencer's command. Dostum is attempting to capture the northern Afghanistan city, while battling Taliban leader Mullah Razzan, who rules local communities brutally under strict Sharia law, and has murdered several people, including Dostum's family. Although the warlord is initially skeptical of Nelson's abilities, Nelson gradually earns Dostum's respect. In one battle, however, Dostum makes a tactical error, costing several casualties. Nelson accuses Dostum of acting carelessly with the lives of his men and of withholding valuable information, while Dostum retorts that he still feels that Nelson, and the U.S. are not willing to pay the potential price of the conflict, and tells Nelson that he needs to use his heart and mind to "be a warrior" instead of a soldier. The two eventually reconcile, and, after splitting off a three-man element under SFC Sam Diller to strike a Taliban supply route, and being joined by Spencer's half of ODA 595, continue to work together. They win several victories with Dostum's leadership and manpower and American airpower, making significant progress towards Mazar-i Sharif. When Nelson informs Dostum that another ODA, 555, has been dispatched to support Atta Muhammad, another Northern Alliance leader, who is Dostum's political rival, Dostum is furious, and his men promptly abandon 595. | 1 | 1 |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/12%20Strong | Following Dostum's departure, Nelson plans to continue operating against the Taliban with his Americans and the few Afghan fighters remaining with them. Encountering a large force of Al-Qaeda and Taliban fighters and armored vehicles, ODA 595, rejoined by Diller and his element, uses air support to eliminate many of the fighters and most of the armor, but are discovered and attacked. Spencer is critically injured by a suicide bomber, and the team is about to be overrun under heavy Taliban and Al-Qaeda pressure when Dostum returns with his forces. Carrying out the U.S. Army's first cavalry charge of the 21st century, the American and Northern Alliance forces disperse the Taliban and al-Qaeda, and Dostum tracks down and kills Razzan. After Spencer is medevaced, Nelson and Dostum continue to Mazar-i-Sharif but find Atta Muhammad has beaten them there. Against expectations, Dostum leaves any differences with and Muhammad to be settled the next day. Impressed by Nelson and the Americans' efforts, Dostum gives Nelson his prized riding crop and tells him that he will always consider Nelson a brother and fellow fighter, at the same time bidding him remember that Afghanistan is the graveyard of empires. Spencer ultimately survives, and all 12 soldiers of ODA 595 return home after 23 days of almost continuous fighting in Afghanistan. | 0 | -1 |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/12%20Strong | Following Dostum's departure, Nelson plans to continue operating against the Taliban with his Americans and the few Afghan fighters remaining with them. Encountering a large force of Al-Qaeda and Taliban fighters and armored vehicles, ODA 595, rejoined by Diller and his element, uses air support to eliminate many of the fighters and most of the armor, but are discovered and attacked. Spencer is critically injured by a suicide bomber, and the team is about to be overrun under heavy Taliban and Al-Qaeda pressure when Dostum returns with his forces. Carrying out the U.S. Army's first cavalry charge of the 21st century, the American and Northern Alliance forces disperse the Taliban and al-Qaeda, and Dostum tracks down and kills Razzan. After Spencer is medevaced, Nelson and Dostum continue to Mazar-i-Sharif but find Atta Muhammad has beaten them there. Against expectations, Dostum leaves any differences with Muhammad to be settled the next day. Impressed by Nelson and the Americans' efforts, Dostum gives Nelson his prized riding crop and tells him that he will always consider Nelson a brother and fellow fighter, at the same time bidding him remember that Afghanistan is the graveyard of empires. Spencer ultimately survives, and all 12 soldiers of ODA 595 return home after 23 days of almost continuous fighting in Afghanistan. | 1 | 1 |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/12%20Years%20a%20Slave%20%28film%29 | Scott Feinberg wrote in The Hollywood Reporter about a September 22 article in The New York Times that "dredged up and highlighted a 1985 essay by another scholar, James Olney, that questioned the 'literal truth' of specific incidents in Northup's account and suggested that David Wilson, the white amanuensis to whom Northup had dictated his story, had taken the liberty of sprucing it up to make it even more effective at rallying public opinion against slavery." Olney had observed that "slave autobiographies, when read one next to another, display an "overwhelming sameness." That is, though the autobiography by definition suggests a unique and personal story, that slave narratives present a genre of autobiographies that tell essentially the same story. When read in conjunction, as in this anthology, there is a distinct repetitiveness. While this repetitiveness disallows the creativity and shaping of one's personal story, as Olney argues, it was equally important for slave narratives to follow a form that corroborated with the stories of others to create a collective picture of slavery as it then existed. In fact, the "same" form presented in all of these unique and individual stories created a powerful and resounding message of the consistent evils of slavery and the necessity of its demise." | 0 | -1 |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/12%20Years%20a%20Slave%20%28film%29 | Scott Feinberg wrote in The Hollywood Reporter about a September 22 article in The New York Times that "dredged up and highlighted a 1985 essay by another scholar, James Olney, that questioned the 'literal truth' of specific incidents in Northup's account and suggested that David Wilson, the white amanuensis to whom Northup had dictated his story, had taken the liberty of sprucing it up to make it even more effective at rallying public opinion against slavery." Olney had observed that "slave autobiographies, when read one next to another, display an "overwhelming sameness." That is, though the autobiography by definition suggests a unique and personal story, that slave narratives present a genre of autobiographies that tell essentially the same story. When read in conjunction, as in this anthology, there is a distinct repetitiveness. While this repetitiveness disallows the creativity and shaping of one's personal story, as Olney argues, it was equally important for slave narratives to follow a form that corroborated with the stories of others to create a collective picture of slavery as it then existed. In fact, the "same" form presented in all of these unique and individual stories created a powerful and resounding message of the consistent evils of slavery and the necessity of its demise. | 1 | 1 |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/12%20Years%20a%20Slave%20%28film%29 | On November 15, 2011, Summit Entertainment announced it has closed deals for the distribution of 12 Years a Slave in most international markets. In April 2012, a few weeks before principal photography, New Regency Productions agreed to co-finance the film. Because of a distribution pact between 20th Century Fox and New Regency, Fox Searchlight Pictures acquired the film's United States distribution rights. However, instead of paying for the distribution rights, Fox Searchlight made a deal in which it would share box-office proceeds with the financiers of the independently financed film. 12 Years a Slave premiered at the Telluride Film Festival on August 30, 2013; it was later screened at the 2013 Toronto International Film Festival on September 6, the New York Film Festival on October 8, the New Orleans Film Festival on October 10, and the Philadelphia Film Festival on October 19. The film was commercially released on , 2013 in the United States for a limited release of 19 theaters, with a wide release in subsequent weeks. The film was initially scheduled to be released in late December 2013, but "some exuberant test screenings" led to the decision to move up the release date. The film was distributed by Entertainment One in the United Kingdom. | 0 | -1 |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/12%20Years%20a%20Slave%20%28film%29 | On November 15, 2011, Summit Entertainment announced it has closed deals for the distribution of 12 Years a Slave in most international markets. In April 2012, a few weeks before principal photography, New Regency Productions agreed to co-finance the film. Because of a distribution pact between 20th Century Fox and New Regency, Fox Searchlight Pictures acquired the film's United States distribution rights. However, instead of paying for the distribution rights, Fox Searchlight made a deal in which it would share box-office proceeds with the financiers of the independently financed film. 12 Years a Slave premiered at the Telluride Film Festival on August 30, 2013; it was later screened at the 2013 Toronto International Film Festival on September 6 where it was given the top People's Choice Award, the New York Film Festival on October 8, the New Orleans Film Festival on October 10, and the Philadelphia Film Festival on October 19. The film was commercially released on , in the United States for a limited release of 19 theaters, with a wide release in subsequent weeks. The film was initially scheduled to be released in late December, but "some exuberant test screenings" led to the decision to move up the release date. The film was distributed by Entertainment One in the United Kingdom. | 1 | 1 |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/12%20Years%20a%20Slave%20%28film%29 | Due to both the film's explicit nature and award contender status, 12 Years a Slave'''s financial success was being watched closely. Many analysts compared the film's content to other drama films of a similar vein such as Schindler's List (1993) and The Passion of the Christ (2004), which became box office successes despite their respective subject matters. "It may be a tough subject matter, but when handled well ... films that are tough to sit through can still be commercially successful," said Phil Contrino of Boxoffice Magazine. Despite its content, the film's critical success has assisted its domestic distribution by Fox Searchlight that began with a limited release aimed primarily towards art house and African-American patrons. The film's release was gradually widened in subsequent weeks, similarly to how the studio had successfully done in years prior with films such as Black Swan and The Descendants. International release dates for 12 Years a Slave were largely delayed to early 2014 in order to take advantage of the attention created by awards seasons. | 0 | -1 |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/12%20Years%20a%20Slave%20%28film%29 | Due to both the film's explicit nature and award contender status, 12 Years a Slave financial success was being watched closely. Many analysts compared the film's content to other drama films of a similar vein such as Schindler's List (1993) and The Passion of the Christ (2004), which became box office successes despite their respective subject matters. "It may be a tough subject matter, but when handled well ... films that are tough to sit through can still be commercially successful," said Phil Contrino of Boxoffice Magazine. Despite its content, the film's critical success has assisted its domestic distribution by Fox Searchlight that began with a limited release aimed primarily towards art house and African-American patrons. The film's release was gradually widened in subsequent weeks, similarly to how the studio had successfully done in years prior with films such as Black Swan and The Descendants. International release dates for 12 Years a Slave were largely delayed to early 2014 in order to take advantage of the attention created by awards seasons. | 1 | 1 |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/12%20Years%20a%20Slave%20%28film%29 | Richard Corliss of TIME wrote: "McQueen's film is closer in its storytelling particulars to such 1970s exploitation-exposés of slavery as Mandingo and Goodbye, Uncle Tom. Except that McQueen is not a schlockmeister sensationalist but a remorseless artist". Corliss draws parallels with Nazi Germany, saying, "McQueen shows that racism, aside from its barbarous inhumanity, is insanely inefficient. It can be argued that Nazi Germany lost the war both because it diverted so much manpower to the killing of Jews and because it did not exploit the brilliance of Jewish scientists in building smarter weapons. So the slave owners dilute the energy of their slaves by whipping them for sadistic sport and, as Epps does, waking them at night to dance for his wife's cruel pleasure." Gregory Ellwood of HitFix gave the film an "A−" rating, stating, "12 Years is a powerful drama driven by McQueen's bold direction and the finest performance of Chiwetel Ejiofor's career." He continued by praising the performances of Fassbender and Nyong'o, citing Nyong'o as "the film's breakthrough performance [that] may find Nyong'o making her way to the Dolby Theater next March". He also admired the film's "gorgeous" cinematography and the musical score, as "one of Hans Zimmer's more moving scores in some time". Paul MacInnes of The Guardian scored the film five out of five stars, writing, "Stark, visceral and unrelenting, 12 Years a Slave is not just a great film but a necessary one." The Guardian's Andrew Pulver said, in 2017, that 12 Years a Slave is "one of the most important films about the African-American experience ever". | 0 | -1 |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/12%20Years%20a%20Slave%20%28film%29 | Richard Corliss of TIME wrote: "McQueen's film is closer in its storytelling particulars to such 1970s exploitation-exposés of slavery as Mandingo and Goodbye, Uncle Tom. Except that McQueen is not a schlockmeister sensationalist but a remorseless artist". Corliss draws parallels with Nazi Germany, saying, "McQueen shows that racism, aside from its barbarous inhumanity, is insanely inefficient. It can be argued that Nazi Germany lost the war both because it diverted so much manpower to the killing of Jews and because it did not exploit the brilliance of Jewish scientists in building smarter weapons. So the slave owners dilute the energy of their slaves by whipping them for sadistic sport and, as Epps does, waking them at night to dance for his wife's cruel pleasure." Gregory Ellwood of HitFix gave the film an "A−" rating, stating, "12 Years is a powerful drama driven by McQueen's bold direction and the finest performance of Chiwetel Ejiofor's career." He continued by praising the performances of Fassbender and Nyong'o, citing Nyong'o as "the film's breakthrough performance [that] may find Nyong'o making her way to the Dolby Theater next March". He also admired the film's "gorgeous" cinematography and the musical score, as "one of Hans Zimmer's more moving scores in some time". Paul MacInnes of The Guardian scored the film five out of five stars, writing, "Stark, visceral and unrelenting, 12 Years a Slave is not just a great film but a necessary one." The Guardian Andrew Pulver said, in 2017, that 12 Years a Slave is "one of the most important films about the African-American experience ever". | 1 | 1 |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/12%20and%20Holding | 12-year-olds Rudy Carges (Conor Donovan) and his overweight friend Leonard Fisher (Jesse Camacho) spend the night inside their treehouse after hearing bullies Jeff and Kenny want to destroy it. Jeff and Kenny arrive and set the treehouse on fire, not knowing Jacob and Leonard were in there until too late. Leonard escapes unharmed but then falls to the ground unconscious, while Rudy is burned to death offscreen. Rudy's twin brother Jacob, a boy with a huge birthmark (also played by Donovan), decides to seek revenge against the bullies. At the hospital, Leonard finds out he lost his sense of taste and smell. Leonard is then prompted by his gym teacher to go on a diet, which isn't welcomed by his obese family. The boys' female friend Malee (Zoe Weizenbaum) tries to befriend an adult named Gus (Jeremy Renner), a grief-stricken patient of her therapist mother, Carla (Annabella Sciorra). Jacob's family falls apart after the death of his brother, but soon after they adopt a boy named Keith Gardner. Meanwhile, Malee begins to have a crush on Gus and changes the song for her recital to one Gus liked. As time goes by, she sees Gus as her "soul mate". She sneaks into his house one night to find him grieving. Afraid to confront him, Malee steals his gun and leaves. She gives the gun to Jacob the following day. | 0 | -1 |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/12%20and%20Holding | 12-year-olds Rudy Carges and his overweight friend Leonard Fisher spend the night inside their treehouse after hearing bullies Jeff and Kenny want to destroy it. Jeff and Kenny arrive and set the treehouse on fire, not knowing Jacob and Leonard were in there until too late. Leonard escapes unharmed but then falls to the ground unconscious, while Rudy is burned to death offscreen. Rudy's twin brother Jacob, a boy with a huge birthmark, decides to seek revenge against the bullies. At the hospital, Leonard finds out he lost his sense of taste and smell. Leonard is then prompted by his gym teacher to go on a diet, which isn't welcomed by his obese family. The boys' female friend Malee tries to befriend an adult named Gus, a grief-stricken patient of her therapist mother Carla. Jacob's family falls apart after the death of his brother, but soon after they adopt a boy named Keith Gardner. Meanwhile, Malee begins to have a crush on Gus and changes the song for her recital to one Gus liked. As time goes by, she sees Gus as her "soul mate". She sneaks into his house one night to find him grieving. Afraid to confront him, Malee steals his gun and leaves. She gives the gun to Jacob the following day. | 1 | 1 |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/12-Hydroxyeicosatetraenoic%20acid | In other tissues and animal species, numerous hepoxilins form but the hepoxilin synthase activity responsible for their formation is variable. (Hepoxilin A3 [8R/S-hydroxy-11,12-epoxy-5Z,9E,14Z-eicosatrienoic acid] and hepoxilin B3 [10R/S-hydroxy-11,12-epxoy-5Z,8Z,14Z-eicosatrienoic acid] refer to a mixture of Diastereomers and⁄or Enantiomers derived from arachidonic acid.) Cultured RINm5F rat Insulinoma cells convert 12(S)-HpETE to hepoxilin A3 in a reaction that is completely dependent on, and co-localizes with, the cells' leukocyte type 12-LOX; furthermore, recombinant rat and porcine leukocyte type 12-LOX as well as human platelet type 12-LOX metabolize 12(S)-HpETE to hepoxylin A3. However, transfection of HEK293 human embryonic kidney cells with each of the 6 rat lipoxygenases, including rat eLOX3, found that hepoxilin B3 production required eLOX3; furthermore, the development of inflammation-induced tactile pain hypersensitivity (hyperesthesia; tactile Allodynia) in rats required eLOX3-dependent production of hepoxilin B3 by spinal tissue. Thus, the production of hepoxilins from 12(S)-HpETE may result from the intrinsic activity of platelet or leukocyte type 12-LOX's, require eLOX3, or even result from 12(S)-HpETE spontaneous (and perhaps artefactual) decomposition during isolation. The majority of reports on hepoxilin formation have not defined the pathways evolved. | 0 | -1 |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/12-Hydroxyeicosatetraenoic%20acid | In other tissues and animal species, numerous hepoxilins form but the hepoxilin synthase activity responsible for their formation is variable. (Hepoxilin A3 [8R/S-hydroxy-11,12-epoxy-5Z,9E,14Z-eicosatrienoic acid] and hepoxilin B3 [10R/S-hydroxy-11,12-epxoy-5Z,8Z,14Z-eicosatrienoic acid] refer to a mixture of Diastereomers and⁄or Enantiomers derived from arachidonic acid.) Cultured RINm5F rat Insulinoma cells convert 12(S)-HpETE to hepoxilin A3 in a reaction that is completely dependent on, and co-localizes with, the cells' leukocyte type 12-LOX; furthermore, recombinant rat and porcine leukocyte type 12-LOX as well as human platelet type 12-LOX metabolize 12(S)-HpETE to hepoxilin A3. However, transfection of HEK293 human embryonic kidney cells with each of the 6 rat lipoxygenases, including rat eLOX3, found that hepoxilin B3 production required eLOX3; furthermore, the development of inflammation-induced tactile pain hypersensitivity (hyperesthesia; tactile Allodynia) in rats required eLOX3-dependent production of hepoxilin B3 by spinal tissue. Thus, the production of hepoxilins from 12(S)-HpETE may result from the intrinsic activity of platelet or leukocyte type 12-LOX's, require eLOX3, or even result from 12(S)-HpETE spontaneous (and perhaps artefactual) decomposition during isolation. The majority of reports on hepoxilin formation have not defined the pathways evolved. | 1 | 1 |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/12-Hydroxyeicosatetraenoic%20acid | A G protein-coupled receptor for the 5(S),12(R)-dihydroxy metabolite of aracidonic acid, Leukotriene B4, vis., Leukotriene B4 receptor 2 (BLT2), but not its Leukotriene B4 receptor 1, mediates responses to 12(S)-HETE, 12(R)-HETE, and 12-oxo-ETE in many cell types. Based on the effects of LTB4 receptor antagonists, for example, leukotriene B4 receptor 2 mediates: the rise in cytosolic Ca2+ concentration (a key signal for cell activation) in human neutrophils and the rise in cytosolic Ca2+ concentration and chemotaxis in Chinese hamstery ovarian cells stimulated by 12(S)-HETE, 12(R)-HETE, and/or 12-oxo-ETE; the itch response to 12(S)-HETE and PMN inflammatory infiltration response to 12(R)-HETE triggered by the injection these metabolites into the skin of mice and guinea pigs, respectively; and an in vitro angiogenic response by Human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVEC) and in vivo angiogenic response by mice to 12(S)-HETE. The BLT2 receptor, in contrast to the GPR31 receptor, appears to be expressed at a high level in a wide range of tissues including neutrophils, eosinophils, monocytes, spleen, liver, and ovary. However, 12-Hydroxyheptadecatrienoic acid (i.e. 12-(S)-hydroxy-5Z,8E,10E-heptadecatrienoic acid or 12-HHT), a product made when prostaglandin H2 is metabolized to Thromboxane A2 by Thromboxane synthase or spontaneously rearranges non-enzymatically (see 12-Hydroxyheptadecatrienoic acid) is the most potent BLT2 receptor agonist detected to date. To clarify the role of BLT2 versus GPC31 receptors in responses to 12(S)-HETE, and the role(s) of LTB4, 12(S)-HETE, versus 12-HHT in BLT2-mediated responses, it will be necessary to determine: a) if leukotriene B4 interacts with the GPR31 receptor; b) if BLT2 receptor antagonists interfere with the GPR31 receptor; and c) the relative concentrations and availability of LTB4, 12(S)-HETE, and 12-HHT in tissues exhibiting BLT2-dependent responses. Ultimately, both receptors and all three ligands may prove to be responsible for some tissue responses in vivo. | 0 | -1 |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/12-Hydroxyeicosatetraenoic%20acid | A G protein-coupled receptor for the 5(S),12(R)-dihydroxy metabolite of arachidonic acid, Leukotriene B4, vis., Leukotriene B4 receptor 2 (BLT2), but not its Leukotriene B4 receptor 1, mediates responses to 12(S)-HETE, 12(R)-HETE, and 12-oxo-ETE in many cell types. Based on the effects of LTB4 receptor antagonists, for example, leukotriene B4 receptor 2 mediates: the rise in cytosolic Ca2+ concentration (a key signal for cell activation) in human neutrophils and the rise in cytosolic Ca2+ concentration and chemotaxis in Chinese hamstery ovarian cells stimulated by 12(S)-HETE, 12(R)-HETE, and/or 12-oxo-ETE; the itch response to 12(S)-HETE and PMN inflammatory infiltration response to 12(R)-HETE triggered by the injection these metabolites into the skin of mice and guinea pigs, respectively; and an in vitro angiogenic response by Human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVEC) and in vivo angiogenic response by mice to 12(S)-HETE. The BLT2 receptor, in contrast to the GPR31 receptor, appears to be expressed at a high level in a wide range of tissues including neutrophils, eosinophils, monocytes, spleen, liver, and ovary. However, 12-Hydroxyheptadecatrienoic acid (i.e. 12-(S)-hydroxy-5Z,8E,10E-heptadecatrienoic acid or 12-HHT), a product made when prostaglandin H2 is metabolized to Thromboxane A2 by Thromboxane synthase or spontaneously rearranges non-enzymatically (see 12-Hydroxyheptadecatrienoic acid) is the most potent BLT2 receptor agonist detected to date. To clarify the role of BLT2 versus GPC31 receptors in responses to 12(S)-HETE, and the role(s) of LTB4, 12(S)-HETE, versus 12-HHT in BLT2-mediated responses, it will be necessary to determine: a) if leukotriene B4 interacts with the GPR31 receptor; b) if BLT2 receptor antagonists interfere with the GPR31 receptor; and c) the relative concentrations and availability of LTB4, 12(S)-HETE, and 12-HHT in tissues exhibiting BLT2-dependent responses. Ultimately, both receptors and all three ligands may prove to be responsible for some tissue responses in vivo. | 1 | 1 |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/12-Hydroxyeicosatetraenoic%20acid | 12-HETE (stereoisomer not defined) is the dominant arachidonic acid metabolite in cultured PC3 human prostate cancer cells and its levels in human prostate cancer tissue exceed by >9-fold its levels in normal human prostate tissue. Furthermore, 12(S)-HETE a) increases the expression of Alpha-v beta-5 cell surface adhesion molecule and associated with this the survival of cultured PC3 cells; b) promotes the phosphorylation of retinoblastoma protein to inhibit its tumor suppressor function while promoting the proliferation of cultured PC3 cells; c) stimulates PC3 cells to activate the Mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase/extracellular signal-regulated kinases-1/2 pathway and the NFκB pathways that lead to cell proliferation; d) reverses the apoptosis-inducing (i.e. cell-killing) effect of pharmacologically inhibiting 12-LO in cultured DU145 human prostate cancer cells; e) promotes the induction of cyclooxygenase-1 and thereby the synthesis of this enzyme's growth-promoting arachidonic acid metabolite, PGE2, in cultured PC3 and LNCaP human prostate cancer cells; and f) induces cultured PC3 cells to express Vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), a protein that stimulates the formation of the microvasclature which assists in the metastasis of cancer. These results suggest that the 12(S)-HETE made by prostate cancer tissues serves to promote the growth and spread of this cancer. Since it mediates the action of 12(S)-HETE in stimulating cultured PC3 cells to activate the Mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase/Extracellular signal-regulated kinases-1/2 pathway and NFκB pathways, the GPR31 receptor may contribute to the pro-malignant activity of 12(S)-HETE. However, LNCaP and PC3 cells also express BLT2 receptors; in LNCaP cells, BLT2 receptors are positively linked (i.e. stimulate the expression of) to the growth- and metastasis-promoting androgen receptor; in PC3 cells, BLT2 receptors stimulate the NF-κB pathway to inhibit the apoptosis caused by cell detachment from surfaces (i.e. Anoikis; and, in BLT2-overexpressing PWR-1E non-malignant prostate cells, 12(S)-HETE diminish anoikis-induced apoptosis. Thus, the role of 12(S)-HETE in human prostate cancer, if any, may involve its activation of one or both of the GPR31 and BLT2 receptors. | 0 | -1 |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/12-Hydroxyeicosatetraenoic%20acid | 12-HETE (stereoisomer not defined) is the dominant arachidonic acid metabolite in cultured PC3 human prostate cancer cells and its levels in human prostate cancer tissue exceed by >9-fold its levels in normal human prostate tissue. Furthermore, 12(S)-HETE a) increases the expression of Alpha-v beta-5 cell surface adhesion molecule and associated with this the survival of cultured PC3 cells; b) promotes the phosphorylation of retinoblastoma protein to inhibit its tumor suppressor function while promoting the proliferation of cultured PC3 cells; c) stimulates PC3 cells to activate the Mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase/extracellular signal-regulated kinases-1/2 pathway and the NFκB pathways that lead to cell proliferation; d) reverses the apoptosis-inducing (i.e. cell-killing) effect of pharmacologically inhibiting 12-LO in cultured DU145 human prostate cancer cells; e) promotes the induction of cyclooxygenase-1 and thereby the synthesis of this enzyme's growth-promoting arachidonic acid metabolite, PGE2, in cultured PC3 and LNCaP human prostate cancer cells; and f) induces cultured PC3 cells to express Vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), a protein that stimulates the formation of the microvasculature which assists in the metastasis of cancer. These results suggest that the 12(S)-HETE made by prostate cancer tissues serves to promote the growth and spread of this cancer. Since it mediates the action of 12(S)-HETE in stimulating cultured PC3 cells to activate the Mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase/Extracellular signal-regulated kinases-1/2 pathway and NFκB pathways, the GPR31 receptor may contribute to the pro-malignant activity of 12(S)-HETE. However, LNCaP and PC3 cells also express BLT2 receptors; in LNCaP cells, BLT2 receptors are positively linked (i.e. stimulate the expression of) to the growth- and metastasis-promoting androgen receptor; in PC3 cells, BLT2 receptors stimulate the NF-κB pathway to inhibit the apoptosis caused by cell detachment from surfaces (i.e. Anoikis; and, in BLT2-overexpressing PWR-1E non-malignant prostate cells, 12(S)-HETE diminish anoikis-induced apoptosis. Thus, the role of 12(S)-HETE in human prostate cancer, if any, may involve its activation of one or both of the GPR31 and BLT2 receptors. | 1 | 1 |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/12-Hydroxyheptadecatrienoic%20acid | Cyclooxygenase-1 and cyclooxygenase-2 metabolize arachidonic acid to the 15-hydroperoxy, 20 carbon prostaglandin (PG) intermediate, PGG2, and then to the 15-hydroxy, 20 carbon intermediate, prostaglandin H2 (PGH2). Thromboxane synthase further metabolizes PGH2 to the 20 carbon product, Thromboxane A2, the 17 carbon product, 12-HHT, and the 3 carbon product Malonyldialdehyde. Platelets express cycloxygenase and thromboxane synthase enzymes, producing PGG2, PGH2, and TXA2 in response to platelet aggregating agents such as thrombin; these metabolites act as autocrines by feeding back to promote further aggregation of their cells of origin and as paracrines by recruiting nearby platlets into the response as well as exerting effects on other nearby tissues such as contracting blood vessels. These effects combine to trigger blood clotting and limiting blood loss. 12-HHT is a particularly abundant product of these pro-clotting responses, accounting for about one third of the total amount of arachidonic acid metabolites formed by physiologically stimulated human platelets. Its abundant production during blood clotting, the presence of cyclooxygenases and to a lesser extent thromboxane synthase in a wide range of cell types and tissue, and its production by other pathways imply that 12-HHT has one or more important bioactivities relevant to clotting and, perhaps, other responses. | 0 | -1 |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/12-Hydroxyheptadecatrienoic%20acid | Cyclooxygenase-1 and cyclooxygenase-2 metabolize arachidonic acid to the 15-hydroperoxy, 20 carbon prostaglandin (PG) intermediate, PGG2, and then to the 15-hydroxy, 20 carbon intermediate, prostaglandin H2 (PGH2). Thromboxane synthase further metabolizes PGH2 to the 20 carbon product, Thromboxane A2, the 17 carbon product, 12-HHT, and the 3 carbon product malonyldialdehyde. Platelets express cyclooxygenase and thromboxane synthase enzymes, producing PGG2, PGH2, and TXA2 in response to platelet aggregating agents such as thrombin; these metabolites act as autocrines by feeding back to promote further aggregation of their cells of origin and as paracrines by recruiting nearby platelets into the response as well as exerting effects on other nearby tissues such as contracting blood vessels. These effects combine to trigger blood clotting and limiting blood loss. 12-HHT is a particularly abundant product of these pro-clotting responses, accounting for about one third of the total amount of arachidonic acid metabolites formed by physiologically stimulated human platelets. Its abundant production during blood clotting, the presence of cyclooxygenases and to a lesser extent thromboxane synthase in a wide range of cell types and tissue, and its production by other pathways imply that 12-HHT has one or more important bioactivities relevant to clotting and, perhaps, other responses. | 1 | 1 |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/12-Hydroxyheptadecatrienoic%20acid | On the other hand, the immortalized human skin cell line HaCaT expresses BLT2 receptors and responds to ultraviolet B (UVB) radiation by generating toxic reactive oxygen species which in turn cause the HaCaT cells to die by activating apoptotic pathways in a BLT2 receptor-dependent reaction. Topical treatment of mouse skin with a BLT2 receptor antagonist, LY255283, protects against UVB radiation-induced apoptosis and BLT2-overexpressing transgenic mice exhibited significantly more extensive skin apoptosis in response to UVB irradiation. Furthermore, 12-HHT inhibits HaCaT cells from synthesizing interleukin-6 (IL-6), a pro-inflammatory cytokine associated with cutaneous inflammation, in response to UVB radiation. These results suggest that the 12-HHT/BLT2 axis can act to suppress inflammation by promoting the orderly death of damaged cells and blocking IL-6 production. Opposition between the pro-inflammatory LTB4/BLT1 and anti-inflammatory actions of the 12-HHT/BLT2 axes occurs in another setting. In a mice model of ovalbumin-induced allergic airway disease, 12-HHT and its companion cyclooxygenase metabolites, Prostaglandin E2 and Prostaglandin D2, but not 12 other lipoxygenase or cycloxygenase metabolites, showed a statistically significantly increase in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid levels after intratracheal ovalbumin challenge; after this challenge, only 12-HHT, among the monitored BLT2 receptor-activating ligands (LTB4, the 12(S) stereoisomer of 12-HETE, and 15(S)-HETE) attained levels capable of activating BLT2 receptors. Also, BLT2 knockout mice exhibited a greatly enhanced response to ovalabumin challenge. Finally, BLT2 receptor expression was significantly reduced in allergy-regulating CD4+ T cells from patients with asthma compared to healthy control subjects. Unlike LTB4 and its BLT1 receptor, which are implicated in contributing to allergen-based airway disease in mice and humans, 12-HHT and its BLT2 receptor appear to suppress this disease in mice and may do so in humans. While further studies to probe the role of the 12-HHT/BLT2 axis in human inflammatory and allergic diseases, the current studies indicate that 12-HHT, acting through BLT2, may serve to promote or limit, inflammatory and to promote allergic responses. | 0 | -1 |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/12-Hydroxyheptadecatrienoic%20acid | On the other hand, the immortalized human skin cell line HaCaT expresses BLT2 receptors and responds to ultraviolet B (UVB) radiation by generating toxic reactive oxygen species which in turn cause the HaCaT cells to die by activating apoptotic pathways in a BLT2 receptor-dependent reaction. Topical treatment of mouse skin with a BLT2 receptor antagonist, LY255283, protects against UVB radiation-induced apoptosis and BLT2-overexpressing transgenic mice exhibited significantly more extensive skin apoptosis in response to UVB irradiation. Furthermore, 12-HHT inhibits HaCaT cells from synthesizing interleukin-6 (IL-6), a pro-inflammatory cytokine associated with cutaneous inflammation, in response to UVB radiation. These results suggest that the 12-HHT/BLT2 axis can act to suppress inflammation by promoting the orderly death of damaged cells and blocking IL-6 production. Opposition between the pro-inflammatory LTB4/BLT1 and anti-inflammatory actions of the 12-HHT/BLT2 axes occurs in another setting. In a mice model of ovalbumin-induced allergic airway disease, 12-HHT and its companion cyclooxygenase metabolites, Prostaglandin E2 and Prostaglandin D2, but not 12 other lipoxygenase or cycloxygenase metabolites, showed a statistically significantly increase in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid levels after intratracheal ovalbumin challenge; after this challenge, only 12-HHT, among the monitored BLT2 receptor-activating ligands (LTB4, the 12(S) stereoisomer of 12-HETE, and 15(S)-HETE) attained levels capable of activating BLT2 receptors. Also, BLT2 knockout mice exhibited a greatly enhanced response to ovalbumin challenge. Finally, BLT2 receptor expression was significantly reduced in allergy-regulating CD4+ T cells from patients with asthma compared to healthy control subjects. Unlike LTB4 and its BLT1 receptor, which are implicated in contributing to allergen-based airway disease in mice and humans, 12-HHT and its BLT2 receptor appear to suppress this disease in mice and may do so in humans. While further studies to probe the role of the 12-HHT/BLT2 axis in human inflammatory and allergic diseases, the current studies indicate that 12-HHT, acting through BLT2, may serve to promote or limit, inflammatory and to promote allergic responses. | 1 | 1 |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/12/24%20Karol%20Bagh | 12/24 Karol Bagh, Delhi is the address of the Sethi family. The head of the family is Mr. Rajinder Sethi who owns a shop selling bridal wear. He is a simple man who does not believe in God. His wife Manju Sethi is a practical woman who has a positive outlook towards life. Simi (Smriti Kalra), the eldest daughter, is 28 years of age and is still unmarried. Though she is soft-spoken and sweet, she is a bit plump. The second child is Anuj (Wasim Mushtaq), who works in a bank. Anuj has a girlfriend but is waiting for his elder sister to get married. The third child is Neetu (Sargun Mehta) who is happy go lucky, extremely boisterous and whose only goal is to get married. And the youngest daughter is Mili (Hunar Hali), who is street smart, bold and realistic. Presently the biggest concern in the Sethi family is Simi's marriage as she has already been rejected 9 to 10 times. As the story progresses, you get to see the Sethi family face various problems, always managing to stay together through thick and thin. | 0 | -1 |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/120-cell | The 120-cell can be partitioned into 12 disjoint 10-cell great circle rings, forming a discrete/quantized Hopf fibration. Starting with one 10-cell ring, one can place another ring alongside it that spirals around the original ring one complete revolution in ten cells. Five such 10-cell rings can be placed adjacent to the original 10-cell ring. Although the outer rings "spiral" around the inner ring (and each other), they actually have no helical torsion. They are all equivalent. The spiraling is a result of the 3-sphere curvature. The inner ring and the five outer rings now form a six ring, 60-cell solid torus. One can continue adding 10-cell rings adjacent to the previous ones, but it's more instructive to construct a second torus, disjoint from the one above, from the remaining 60 cells, that interlocks with the first. The 120-cell, like the 3-sphere, is the union of these two (Clifford) tori. If the center ring of the first torus is a meridian great circle as defined above, the center ring of the second torus is the equatorial great circle that is centered on the meridian circle. | 0 | -1 |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/120-cell | The 120-cell can be partitioned into 12 disjoint 10-cell great circle rings, forming a discrete/quantized Hopf fibration. Starting with one 10-cell ring, one can place another ring alongside it that spirals around the original ring one complete revolution in ten cells. Five such 10-cell rings can be placed adjacent to the original 10-cell ring. Although the outer rings "spiral" around the inner ring (and each other), they actually have no helical torsion. They are all equivalent. The spiraling is a result of the 3-sphere curvature. The inner ring and the five outer rings now form a six ring, 60-cell solid torus. One can continue adding 10-cell rings adjacent to the previous ones, but it's more instructive to construct a second torus, disjoint from the one above, from the remaining 60 cells, that interlocks with the first. The 120-cell, like the 3-sphere, is the union of these two (Clifford) tori. If the center ring of the first torus is a meridian great circle as defined above, the center ring of the second torus is the equatorial great circle that is centered on the meridian circle. Also note that the spiraling shell of 50 cells around a center ring can be either left handed or right handed. It's just a matter of partitioning the cells in the shell differently, i.e. picking another set of disjoint (Clifford parallel) great circles. | 1 | 1 |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/122nd%20Ohio%20Infantry%20Regiment | Left Ohio for Parkersburg, Va., October 23; thence moved to Clarksburg and to New Creek November 15. Duty at New Creek, Va., November 15 to December 28, 1862. Expedition up the south branch of Potomac River December 28, 1862, to January 1, 1863. Moved to Romney, Va., and duty there until March 17, 1863. Skirmish near Romney February 16. Moved to Winchester March 17, and duty in that vicinity until June. Reconnaissance toward Wardensville and Strasburg April 20. Battle of Winchester June 13–15. Retreat to Harper's Ferry June 15–17. Garrison, Maryland Heights, until July 1. Guard stores to Georgetown, thence moved to Frederick, Md., July 1–5. Pursuit of Lee to Manassas Gap, Va., July 5–24. Action at Wapping Heights, Va., July 23. Duty at New York City during draft disturbances August 17-September 5. Bristoe Campaign October 9–22. Advance to line of the Rappahannock November 7–8. Kelly's Ford November 7. Brandy Station November 8. Mine Run Campaign November 26-December 2. Payne's Farm November 27. Demonstrations on the Rapidan February 6–7, 1864. Campaign from the Rapidan to the James River May 3-June 15. Battles of the Wilderness May 5–7; Spottsylvania May 8–12; Spottsylvania Court House May 12–21. Assault on the Salient, "Bloody Angle," May 12. North Anna River May 23–26. On line of the Pamunkey May 26–28. Totopotomoy May 28–31. Cold Harbor June 1–12. Before Petersburg June 17-July 6. Jerusalem Plank Road June 22–23. Moved to Baltimore, Md., July 6; thence to Monocacy July 8. Battle of Monocacy Junction, Md., July 9. Sheridan's Shenandoah Valley Campaign August 7-November 29. Charlestown August 21, 22 and 29. Battle of Opequan, Winchester, September 19. Fisher's Hill September 22. Battle of Cedar Creek October 19. Duty at Kernstown until December. Skirmish at Kernstown November 10. Moved to Washington, D.C., December 3; thence to Petersburg, Va. Siege of Petersburg, Va., December 6, 1864, to April 2, 1865. Appomattox Campaign March 28-April 9, 1865. Assault on and fall of Petersburg April 2. Pursuit of Lee April 3–9. Sayler's Creek April 6. Appomattox Court House April 9. Surrender of Lee and his army. March to Danville April 17–27, and duty there until May. Moved to Richmond, Va., May 16; thence to Washington, D.C., May 24-June 1. Corps Review June 9. | 0 | -1 |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/122nd%20Siege%20Battery%2C%20Royal%20Garrison%20Artillery | 122nd Siege Bty joined 78th HAG at Anzin-Saint-Aubin on 14 February and moved its guns into position north west of Arras two days later. Third Army was carrying out the artillery preparation for the Battle of Arras, with 78th HAG supporting XVII Corps. The main bombardment was planned to last for five days (V, W, X, Y and Z) beginning on 4 April. On 4 April one of 122nd Siege Bty's howitzers suffered a premature explosion of a shell in the barrel, destroying the gun, killing one gunner and wounding five others.The zone bombarded was divided into small zones without overlapping fire, to help the forward observation officers (FOOs) spot the fall of shot of their own guns. The 6-inch howitzers concentrated on the German second and third defence systems, destroying trenches and strongpoints and cutting barbed wire. Fire on targets was maintained at an even rate in daylight, with pauses for air reconnaissance. Harassing fire (HF) tasks were carried out at night. However, visibility was poor on some of the days, so an additional day (Q) was inserted on 7 April and Z day for the attack (the First Battle of the Scarpe) became 9 April. | 0 | -1 |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/122nd%20Siege%20Battery%2C%20Royal%20Garrison%20Artillery | 122nd Siege Bty joined 78th HAG at Anzin-Saint-Aubin on 14 February and moved its guns into position north west of Arras two days later. Third Army was carrying out the artillery preparation for the Battle of Arras, with 78th HAG supporting XVII Corps. The main bombardment was planned to last for five days (V, W, X, Y and Z) beginning on 4 April. On 4 April one of 122nd Siege Bty's howitzers suffered a premature explosion of a shell in the barrel, destroying the gun, killing one gunner and wounding five others. The zone bombarded was divided into small zones without overlapping fire, to help the forward observation officers (FOOs) spot the fall of shot of their own guns. The 6-inch howitzers concentrated on the German second and third defence systems, destroying trenches and strongpoints and cutting barbed wire. Fire on targets was maintained at an even rate in daylight, with pauses for air reconnaissance. Harassing fire (HF) tasks were carried out at night. However, visibility was poor on some of the days, so an additional day (Q) was inserted on 7 April and Z day for the attack (the First Battle of the Scarpe) became 9 April. | 1 | 1 |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/123rd%20Infantry%20Regiment%20%28United%20States%29 | The 123rd Infantry Regiment was activated for service in World War II on 28 September 1942, and joined the 33rd Infantry Division at Fort Lewis, Washington. The 33rd Division had released regiments to other commands, and now needed another infantry regiment to triangularize it. Thus, the 123rd regiment was attached to the division. Throughout the rest of 1942, and into March 1943, the regiment conducted thorough training at Fort Lewis until they moved to the Mojave Desert in early April 1943. They bivouacked near the Clipper Mountains and, along with other soldiers of the 33rd Division, had the distinction of being the first infantry trained in desert warfare without motorized vehicles. Originally trained in the desert for combat in North Africa, the 123rd Regiment, with the rest of the 33rd Division, was sent to duty in the Pacific. After 10 weeks of training in the Mojave, the regiment left for Camp Stoneman, CA, near San Francisco. The regiment departed California on 7 July 1943, and arrived in Hawaii on 13 July, where the 123rd was stationed on the island of Kauai. The regiment was slated for a nine-month tour of duty as Kauai's defence force, taking over from elements of the 40th Infantry Division California Army National Guard, and began training. They trained on jungle warfare, usage of flamethrowers, amphibious assaults, and certain men were selected for Ranger training. On 25 April 1944, the 33rd Infantry Division's tenure as Hawaiian guards was over, and they set sail for New Guinea. | 0 | -1 |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/123rd%20Infantry%20Regiment%20%28United%20States%29 | The 123rd Infantry Regiment was activated for service in World War II on 28 September 1942, and joined the 33rd Infantry Division at Fort Lewis, Washington. The 33rd Division had released regiments to other commands, and now needed another infantry regiment to triangularize it. Thus, the 123rd regiment was attached to the division. Throughout the rest of 1942, and into March 1943, the regiment conducted thorough training at Fort Lewis until they moved to the Mojave Desert in early April 1943. They bivouacked near the Clipper Mountains and, along with other soldiers of the 33rd Division, had the distinction of being the first infantry trained in desert warfare without motorized vehicles. Originally trained in the desert for combat in North Africa, the 123rd Regiment, with the rest of the 33rd Division, was sent to duty in the Pacific. After 10 weeks of training in the Mojave, the regiment left for Camp Stoneman, CA, near San Francisco. The regiment departed California on 7 July 1943, and arrived in Hawaii on 13 July, where the 123rd was stationed on the island of Kauai. The regiment was slated for a nine-month tour of duty as Kauai's defence force, taking over from elements of the 40th Infantry Division California Army National Guard, and began training. They trained on jungle warfare, usage of flamethrowers, amphibious assaults, and certain men were selected for Ranger training where they were able to hold a Ranger and Commando course that was attended by members of the regiment. On 25 April 1944, the 33rd Infantry Division's tenure as Hawaiian guards was over, and they set sail for New Guinea. | 1 | 1 |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/125th%20Illinois%20Infantry%20Regiment | In the pre-dawn hours of 8 October 1862, Army of the Ohio commander, Major General Don Carlos Buell ordered Gilbert to seize Peters Hill. Gilbert passed the order to Sheridan who assigned McCook's brigade to capture the hill. Sheridan had two veteran brigades, but he used McCook's regiments even though they were untried in battle, possibly because he assumed that the hill was unoccupied. Just before dawn, McCook's brigade chased the 7th Arkansas Infantry Regiment off the hill after losing 6 men killed and 27 wounded. At daybreak, there was an artillery duel during which the 125th Illinois supported Barnett's Battery I, 2nd Illinois Artillery and suffered some casualties from shrapnel. The 7th and 5th Arkansas Infantry Regiments counterattacked but were repulsed by McCook's brigade, including rifle fire from the right wing of the 125th Illinois. Late in the afternoon, Sheridan's division was attacked by Colonel Samuel Powell's brigade. Sheridan's division was deployed somewhat haphazardly, with the 125th Illinois far to the rear. Nevertheless, Powell's outnumbered Confederates were beaten and driven away. The 125th Illinois sustained losses of 1 killed and 8 wounded at Perryville. | 0 | -1 |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/125th%20Illinois%20Infantry%20Regiment | In the pre-dawn hours of 8 October 1862, Army of the Ohio commander, Major General Don Carlos Buell ordered Gilbert to seize Peters Hill. Gilbert passed the order to Sheridan who assigned McCook's brigade to capture the hill. Sheridan had two veteran brigades, but he used McCook's regiments even though they were untried in battle, possibly because he assumed that the hill was unoccupied. Just before dawn, McCook's brigade chased the 7th Arkansas Infantry Regiment off the hill after losing 6 men killed and 27 wounded. At daybreak, there was an artillery duel during which the 125th Illinois supported Barnett's Battery I, 2nd Illinois Artillery and suffered some casualties from shrapnel. The 7th and 5th Arkansas Infantry Regiments counterattacked but were repulsed by McCook's brigade, including rifle fire from the right wing of the 125th Illinois. Late in the afternoon, Sheridan's division was attacked by Colonel Samuel Powell's brigade. Sheridan's division was deployed somewhat haphazardly, with the 125th Illinois far to the rear. Nevertheless, Powell's outnumbered Confederates were beaten and driven away. The 125th Illinois sustained losses of 1 killed and 8 wounded at Perryville. | 1 | 1 |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/125th%20Illinois%20Infantry%20Regiment | After January 1863, the Center became the XIV Corps. After June 1863, the regiment was reassigned to McCook's 2nd Brigade, 2nd Division, Reserve Corps. Between 30 June and 18 July, the regiment went to Murfreesboro, Tennessee, before returning to Nashville. It left Nashville on 3 August and marched to the fighting front near Chattanooga, Tennessee. Major General Gordon Granger commanded the Reserve Corps and was a harsh disciplinarian. By 14 September, the Reserve Corps outmarched its wagon train and had no food. Though Granger had forbidden his soldiers to forage, McCook and other officers determined to ignore this unreasonable order. While sitting in front of his tent, Granger noticed two soldiers from the 125th Illinois walk past with meat plundered from a farm. As punishment, he ordered the men to march around a tree, each carrying a fence rail. Seeing other soldiers with stolen food, Granger began arresting every forager his mounted patrol could find and stringing them up by their thumbs. This provoked a near-mutiny. Finally, McCook and Brigadier General James B. Steedman convinced Granger to relent and release their men. After this incident, Granger became extremely unpopular with his soldiers. | 0 | -1 |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/125th%20Illinois%20Infantry%20Regiment | After January 1863, the Center became the XIV Corps. After June 1863, the regiment was reassigned to McCook's 2nd Brigade, 2nd Division, Reserve Corps. Between 30 June and 18 July, the regiment went to Murfreesboro, Tennessee, before returning to Nashville. It left Nashville on 3 August and marched to the fighting front near Chattanooga, Tennessee. Major General Gordon Granger commanded the Reserve Corps and was a harsh disciplinarian. By 14 September, the Reserve Corps outmarched its wagon train and had no food. Though Granger had forbidden his soldiers to forage, McCook and other officers determined to ignore this unreasonable order. While sitting in front of his tent, Granger noticed two soldiers from the 125th Illinois walk past with meat plundered from a farm. As punishment, he ordered the men to march around a tree, each carrying a fence rail. Seeing other soldiers with stolen food, Granger began arresting every forager his mounted patrol could find and stringing them up by their thumbs. This provoked a near-mutiny. Finally, McCook and Brigadier General James B. Steedman convinced Granger to relent and release their men. After this incident, Granger became extremely unpopular with his soldiers. | 1 | 1 |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/125th%20Illinois%20Infantry%20Regiment | During the Chattanooga campaign from 24 September to 23 November 1863, there was a reorganization and McCook's brigade was reassigned as the 3rd Brigade, 2nd Division, XIV Corps, Army of the Cumberland. The 2nd Division was led by Brigadier General Jefferson C. Davis, XIV Corps was under Major General John Palmer, and the army was commanded by Thomas. The 110th Illinois Infantry was added to McCook's brigade to supplement the original four regiments. While camped at Caldwell's Ford, the regiment was subjected to a surprise bombardment by Confederate artillery. This was soon silenced by answering Union artillery fire, but not before the chaplain was killed and other men were wounded. At this time, the regiment numbered about 600 men. Brigadier General William Farrar Smith utilized McCook's brigade to help establish the Cracker Line, which opened up a supply route to beleaguered Chattanooga. Troops from McCook's brigade provided security and helped build a road. Men from the 85th and 86th Illinois served as oarsmen during the expedition. During the Battle of Missionary Ridge on 23 November, Major General William T. Sherman failed to use Davis' division which was at his disposal. Davis' division led the pursuit after the battle, but the Confederates escaped. | 0 | -1 |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/125th%20Illinois%20Infantry%20Regiment | During the Chattanooga campaign from 24 September to 23 November 1863, there was a reorganization and McCook's brigade was reassigned as the 3rd Brigade, 2nd Division, XIV Corps, Army of the Cumberland. The 2nd Division was led by Brigadier General Jefferson C. Davis, XIV Corps was under Major General John Palmer, and the army was commanded by Thomas. The 110th Illinois Infantry was added to McCook's brigade to supplement the original four regiments. While camped at Caldwell's Ford, the regiment was subjected to a surprise bombardment by Confederate artillery. This was soon silenced by answering Union artillery fire, but not before the chaplain was killed and other men were wounded. At this time, the regiment numbered about 600 men. Brigadier General William Farrar Smith utilized McCook's brigade to help establish the Cracker Line, which opened up a supply route to beleaguered Chattanooga. Troops from McCook's brigade provided security and helped build a road. Men from the 85th and 86th Illinois served as oarsmen during the expedition. During the Battle of Missionary Ridge on 23 November, Major General William T. Sherman failed to use Davis' division which was at his disposal. Davis' division led the pursuit after the battle, but the Confederates escaped. | 1 | 1 |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/125th%20Illinois%20Infantry%20Regiment | On 19 July 1864, the day before the Battle of Peachtree Creek, Dilworth's brigade sustained 245 casualties while capturing a hill that dominated the Howell's Mill crossing. This was during a movement where Thomas' army crossed Peachtree Creek and began taking positions on its south side. By the next day, Palmer had the XIV Corps entrenched. Instead, the Confederates attacked Hooker's XX Corps and one division of the IV Corps and were repulsed. During the Battle of Utoy Creek, Palmer resigned his command in a dispute over rank; he was replaced in command of the XIV Corps by Davis. At the Battle of Jonesborough on 1 September, Davis' corps made a major assault. On the right, Brigadier General James D. Morgan's division (formerly Davis') charged with Dilworth's brigade on the right, Mitchell's in the center, and Colonel Charles M. Lum's brigade on the left. On the left were the divisions of Brigadier Generals Absalom Baird and William P. Carlin. The 125th Illinois was the center regiment of the 3rd Brigade, with the 22nd Indiana to its right and the 52nd Ohio to its left, and with the 85th and 86th Illinois in the second line. Dilworth was badly wounded at the start and replaced in command by Langley. It was the only successful frontal assault in the Atlanta campaign, capturing an entire Confederate brigade and part of another. Mitchell's and Dilworth's (Langley's) men captured Swett's Mississippi Battery. | 0 | -1 |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/125th%20Illinois%20Infantry%20Regiment | On 19 July 1864, the day before the Battle of Peachtree Creek, Dilworth's brigade sustained 245 casualties while capturing a hill that dominated the Howell's Mill crossing. This was during a movement where Thomas' army crossed Peachtree Creek and began taking positions on its south side. By the next day, Palmer had the XIV Corps entrenched. Instead, the Confederates attacked Hooker's XX Corps and one division of the IV Corps and were repulsed. During the Battle of Utoy Creek, Palmer resigned his command in a dispute over rank; he was replaced in command of the XIV Corps by Davis. At the Battle of Jonesborough on 1 September, Davis' corps made a major assault. On the right, Brigadier General James D. Morgan's division (formerly Davis') charged with Dilworth's brigade on the right, Mitchell's in the center, and Colonel Charles M. Lum's brigade on the left. On the left were the divisions of Brigadier Generals Absalom Baird and William P. Carlin. The 125th Illinois was the center regiment of the 3rd Brigade, with the 22nd Indiana to its right and the 52nd Ohio to its left, and with the 85th and 86th Illinois in the second line. Dilworth was badly wounded at the start and replaced in command by Langley. It was the only successful frontal assault in the Atlanta campaign, capturing an entire Confederate brigade and part of another. Mitchell's and Dilworth's (Langley's) men captured Swett's Mississippi Battery. | 1 | 1 |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/127%20Hours | Throughout the days, Aron becomes desperate and depressed and begins hallucinating about escape, relationships, and past experiences including his family and his former girlfriend, Rana. During one hallucination, Aron realizes that his mistake was that he did not tell anyone where he was going or for how long. On the sixth day, Aron has a vision of his future son, spurring his will to survive. He fashions a tourniquet from CamelBak tube insulation and uses a carabiner to tighten it. Then, using his knowledge of torque, he breaks the bones in his arm and, using the multi-tool, slowly amputates it. Aron then wraps the stump to prevent exsanguination and takes a picture of the boulder before rappelling down a rockface. He then finds some rainwater collected while descending down, and drinks the stagnant water due to dehydration and continues. Back in the desert, he spots a family on a hike and calls for help. They give him water and alert the authorities; a Utah Highway Patrol helicopter brings him to a hospital. | 0 | -1 |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/127%20Hours | Throughout the days, Aron becomes desperate and depressed and begins hallucinating about escape, relationships, and past experiences, including his family and his former girlfriend, Rana. During one hallucination, Aron realizes his mistake was that he did not tell anyone where he was going or for how long. Aron has a vision of his future son on the sixth day, spurring his will to survive. He fashions a tourniquet from CamelBak tube insulation and uses a carabiner to tighten it. Then, using his knowledge of torque, he breaks the bones in his arm and, using the multi-tool, slowly amputates it. Aron then wraps the stump to prevent exsanguination and takes a picture of the boulder before rappelling down a rockface. He then finds some rainwater collected while descending down, drinks the stagnant water due to dehydration, and continues. He spots a family on a hike in the desert and calls for help. They give him water and alert the authorities; a Utah Highway Patrol helicopter brings him to a hospital. | 1 | 1 |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1275 | Battle of Neopatras: Emperor Michael VIII (Palaiologos) assembles a Byzantine expeditionary force (some 30,000 men), mostly mercenaries from Bulgaria, Serbia and the Sultanate of Rum. He places these forces under his own brother, John Palaiologos, and General Alexios Kaballarios. Michael sends them against Thessaly, and is supported by the Byzantine navy led by Admiral Alexios Doukas Philanthropenos, who is ordered to attack the Latin principalities and prevent them from aiding John I (Angelos), ruler of Thessaly. John is caught by surprise by the rapid advance of the Byzantine forces and is bottled up with a garrison in his capital of Neopatras, which the Byzantines proceed to lay siege. John manages to escape: he climbs down the walls of the fortress with a rope and walks through the Byzantine lines. After 3 days, John reaches Thebes, where he requests the aid of John I de la Roche, duke of Athens. He receives some 500 horsemen with whom he returns to Neopatras. Meanwhile, the Byzantine forces have been weakened, with several detachments send off to capture other forts or plunder the region. The Byzantines panic under the sudden attack of a smaller but disciplined Latin force and breaks completely when a Cuman contingent switches sides. Despite John's attempt to rally his forces, they flee and scatter. | 0 | -1 |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1275 | Battle of Neopatras: Emperor Michael VIII (Palaiologos) assembles a Byzantine expeditionary force (some 30,000 men), mostly mercenaries from Bulgaria, Serbia and the Sultanate of Rum. He places these forces under his own brother, John Palaiologos, and General Alexios Kaballarios. Michael sends them against Thessaly, and is supported by the Byzantine navy led by Admiral Alexios Doukas Philanthropenos, who is ordered to attack the Latin principalities and prevent them from aiding John I (Angelos), ruler of Thessaly. John is caught by surprise by the rapid advance of the Byzantine forces and is bottled up with a garrison in his capital of Neopatras, which the Byzantines proceed to lay siege. John manages to escape: he climbs down the walls of the fortress with a rope and walks through the Byzantine lines. After 3 days, John reaches Thebes, where he requests the aid of John I de la Roche, duke of Athens. He receives some 500 horsemen with whom he returns to Neopatras. Meanwhile, the Byzantine forces have been weakened, with several detachments sent off to capture other forts or plunder the region. The Byzantines panic under the sudden attack of a smaller but disciplined Latin force and breaks completely when a Cuman contingent switches sides. Despite John's attempt to rally his forces, they flee and scatter. | 1 | 1 |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/129th%20Guards%20Rifle%20Division | From July 14-20 the Front's northern armies successfully penetrated the deep German defenses on the Rava-Ruska and Lvov axes and with all available German reserves committed or already destroyed the Front prepared to expand the offensive on the direction of Drohobych. 1st Guards and 18th Armies had been fighting local actions during this first week in order to pin German forces in place while the reserve 107th Rifle Corps and 4th Guards Tanks had shifted to 38th Army's sector to exploit its breakthrough toward Lvov. On the night of July 19/20 forward elements of the 30th and 74th Rifle Corps conducted a reconnaissance-in-force to determine German dispositions; 20 prisoners were taken and on several sectors the forward defenses were penetrated. In order to exploit these successes the forward detachments of 30th Corps, including those of the 129th Guards, went over to the offensive after noon and soon determined that the German forces had begun to withdraw to the west, covered by strong rearguards. | 0 | -1 |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/129th%20Guards%20Rifle%20Division | From July 14-20 the Front's northern armies successfully penetrated the deep German defenses on the Rava-Ruska and Lviv axes and with all available German reserves committed or already destroyed the Front prepared to expand the offensive on the direction of Drohobych. 1st Guards and 18th Armies had been fighting local actions during this first week in order to pin German forces in place while the reserve 107th Rifle Corps and 4th Guards Tanks had shifted to 38th Army's sector to exploit its breakthrough toward Lvov. On the night of July 19/20 forward elements of the 30th and 74th Rifle Corps conducted a reconnaissance-in-force to determine German dispositions; 20 prisoners were taken and on several sectors the forward defenses were penetrated. In order to exploit these successes the forward detachments of 30th Corps, including those of the 129th Guards, went over to the offensive after noon and soon determined that the German forces had begun to withdraw to the west, covered by strong rearguards. | 1 | 1 |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/129th%20Guards%20Rifle%20Division | 1st Guards Army went over to the general offensive on the morning of July 21 and after dislodging the rearguards advanced from 6-22km during the day. The Army's commander, Col. Gen. A. A. Grechko, was now ordered to develop an aggressive offensive and capture Stanislav by the end of July 24. During July 23 units of 30th Corps forced a crossing of the Dniestr River near Petryluv and fought to expand the bridgehead while driving back German counterattacks. From July 24-26 the Army continued to advance against stubborn resistance and took Stanislav on the 26th. At about this time the 129th Guards was transferred to 107th Corps. In order to prevent any German regrouping in the DrohobychBorislav region, Grechko was ordered on the morning of the 27th accelerate his drive even further, up to 70km in three days. Despite these directions the advance on Drohobych slowed in the face of a stubborn defense along the Dniestr and repeated counterattacks by tanks and infantry. Effective at 2400 hours on August 5 the 1st Guards Army came under command of 4th Ukrainian Front, where it would remain for the duration. The next day Drohobych was finally liberated and the 330th Guards Rifle Regiment (Lt. Col. Ryabov, Aleksandr Vasilevich) was awarded its name as a battle honor. On August 16 the 320th Guards Rifle Regiment would receive the Order of Bogdan Khmelnitsky, 3rd Degree, while the 124th Guards Sapper Battalion was given the Order of the Red Star, both for their roles in this victory. | 0 | -1 |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/129th%20Guards%20Rifle%20Division | 1st Guards Army went over to the general offensive on the morning of July 21 and after dislodging the rearguards advanced from 6-22km during the day. The Army's commander, Col. Gen. A. A. Grechko, was now ordered to develop an aggressive offensive and capture Stanislav by the end of July 24. During July 23 units of 30th Corps forced a crossing of the Dniestr River near Petryluv and fought to expand the bridgehead while driving back German counterattacks. From July 24-26 the Army continued to advance against stubborn resistance and took Stanislav on the 26th. At about this time the 129th Guards was transferred to 107th Corps. In order to prevent any German regrouping in the DrohobychBorislav region, Grechko was ordered on the morning of the 27th accelerate his drive even further, up to 70km in three days. Despite these directions the advance on Drohobych slowed in the face of a stubborn defense along the Dniestr and repeated counterattacks by tanks and infantry. Effective at 2400 hours on August 5 the 1st Guards Army came under command of 4th Ukrainian Front, where it would remain for the duration. The next day Drohobych was finally liberated and the 330th Guards Rifle Regiment (Lt. Col. Ryabov, Aleksandr Vasilevich) was awarded its name as a battle honor. On August 16 the 320th Guards Rifle Regiment would receive the Order of Bogdan Khmelnitsky, 3rd Degree, while the 124th Guards Sapper Battalion was given the Order of the Red Star, both for their roles in this victory. | 1 | 1 |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/12th%20Aero%20Squadron | By 29 June, the squadron had relocated to Saints Aerodrome in the Marne Sector to participate in the Battle of Château-Thierry. The 12th encountered intense opposition in the air from a concentration of German squadrons equipped with the most advanced Fokker aircraft. Encounters with up to 20 enemy aircraft on a patrol was a daily occurrence. On 5 July, the squadron moved again to a neighboring field at Francheville in support of the 26th Division, but because of its distance from the front, what would later be known as a "forward operating location," or FOL, was established at Ferme de Moras Aerodrome. Two 12th Squadron aircraft and two from the 88th Aero Squadron were flown to it at daybreak each day and held ready for developing requirements. The Allied counteroffensive was launched on 18 July and the squadron's support was vital in photographing targets ahead of the advance according to priorities set by corps intelligence. It was during this operation that oblique photography, sometimes from as low as 400 meters, began to be used; previously all photos had been vertical. The Ferme de Moras location was upgraded to a full airfield on 22 July when the squadron occupied it to participate in the Chateau-Thierry offensive, during which it lost five officers.On 28 July 1918 the Squadron had two Salmson Observation aircraft shot down near Villers Sur Fere:2/Lt AP Baker WIA/PoW and 2/Lt JC Lumsden KIA, {shot down by German ace Carl Bolle (27th victory); and Pilot John C. Miller died of wounds and Observer Lt. Stephen W. Thompson was shot in the leg.(Shot down by Lt Sergy Frommherz, (10th Victory) of Jagdstaffel 2 | 0 | -1 |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/12th%20Aero%20Squadron | By 29 June, the squadron had relocated to Saints Aerodrome in the Marne Sector to participate in the Battle of Château-Thierry. The 12th encountered intense opposition in the air from a concentration of German squadrons equipped with the most advanced Fokker aircraft. Encounters with up to 20 enemy aircraft on a patrol was a daily occurrence. On 5 July, the squadron moved again to a neighboring field at Francheville in support of the 26th Division, but because of its distance from the front, what would later be known as a "forward operating location," or FOL, was established at Ferme de Moras Aerodrome. Two 12th Squadron aircraft and two from the 88th Aero Squadron were flown to it at daybreak each day and held ready for developing requirements. The Allied counteroffensive was launched on 18 July and the squadron's support was vital in photographing targets ahead of the advance according to priorities set by corps intelligence. It was during this operation that oblique photography, sometimes from as low as 400 meters, began to be used; previously all photos had been vertical. The Ferme de Moras location was upgraded to a full airfield on 22 July when the squadron occupied it to participate in the Chateau-Thierry offensive, during which it lost five officers. On 28 July 1918 the Squadron had two Salmson Observation aircraft shot down near Villers Sur Fere:2/Lt AP Baker WIA/PoW and 2/Lt JC Lumsden KIA, {shot down by German ace Carl Bolle (27th victory); and Pilot John C. Miller died of wounds and Observer Lt. Stephen W. Thompson was shot in the leg.(Shot down by Lt Sergy Frommherz, (10th Victory) of Jagdstaffel 2 | 1 | 1 |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/12th%20Infantry%20Division%20%28Wehrmacht%29 | In 1943, with the German Army on the retreat, the division fought in the Belarussian city of Vitebsk. This resulting deterioration of effectiveness led to its capitulation during the Soviets' Summer Offensive in June 1944, soon after Army Group Centre's collapse in Operation Bagration. Some of the division's men escaped capture; its commanding officer Lieutenant General Rudolf Bamler, who had been in command for only a few weeks, was also captured, but later chose to work for the Soviets. Two groups were able to break out and return to German lines before the destruction of the division. Remnants of the Grenadier Regiment 48 commanded by Hauptmann Siegfried Moldenhauser would escape through a corridor east and evade Soviet forces until they reached Polykowischi where Major Osterhold formed a Kampfgruppe which broke out to German lines west. The second group, 1st Battalion, Fusilier Regiment 27. commanded by Major Heinz-Georg Lemm would break through Russian lines 3 kilometers west of Mogilev and from there they would move north of Berezino where they would cross the Berezina river. | 0 | -1 |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/12th%20Infantry%20Division%20%28Wehrmacht%29 | In 1943, with the German Army on the retreat, the division fought in the Belarusian city of Vitebsk. This resulting deterioration of effectiveness led to its capitulation during the Soviets' Summer Offensive in June 1944, soon after Army Group Centre's collapse in Operation Bagration. Some of the division's men escaped capture; its commanding officer Lieutenant General Rudolf Bamler, who had been in command for only a few weeks, was also captured, but later chose to work for the Soviets. Two groups were able to break out and return to German lines before the destruction of the division. Remnants of the Grenadier Regiment 48 commanded by Hauptmann Siegfried Moldenhauser would escape through a corridor east and evade Soviet forces until they reached Polykowischi where Major Osterhold formed a Kampfgruppe which broke out to German lines west. The second group, 1st Battalion, Fusilier Regiment 27. commanded by Major Heinz-Georg Lemm would break through Russian lines 3 kilometers west of Mogilev and from there they would move north of Berezino where they would cross the Berezina river. | 1 | 1 |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/12th%20Man%20%28film%29 | As the night progresses, Shiny is revealed to have fallen to her death on the nearby view point. As investigation goes on they come to know that Chandrashekhar is in fact an Assistant Commissioner of Police. Chandrashekhar then begins to question each one of them regarding their alibis and possible motives. He then plays the same game from earlier that night. It is revealed that Siddharth was not the one having an affair but was merely covering up for Jithesh. When questioned, Jithesh claims that he was having an affair with Shiny, implying that she must have committed suicide due to the fear of being humiliated. The fact that Shiny was bipolar also contributes to his claims as Shiny's consulting doctor (Siddique) confirms that Bipolar people do have suicidal tendencies depending on their state. But to everyones shock, Jithesh's claims are proven wrong as Dr. Nayana puts out that it is impossible that Shiny fits into the abortion story as she cannot have children. Chandrashekar finds out that an amount of 10 lakh has been transferred to Shiny's account prior to her death which is confirmed from the calls from one of Mathew's moneylenders. Later it is shown that only 5 lakh has been transferred from Jithesh's account, meaning the rest 5 lakh must have been transferred from the account of the woman involved in the affair. Upon further investigation it is revealed that Merin is the one who transferred the money and was with whom Jithesh was having an affair. Merin sought Shiny’s help as Aarathy told Siddharth to bring both Jithesh and his lover to her in order to prove his innocence. Shiny thus requests 5 lakh rupees from both Jithesh and Merin. She then asks Annie to pretend to be Jithesh’s lover in front of Aarathy instead of Merin, blackmailing her with a video Shiny shot when Annie was having an affair with a colleague. But Annie refuses. Chandrashekhar then after extensive questioning comes to a conclusion that since Sam and Merin have a joint account, Sam was confused by why such a large amount was transferred to Shiny. As he confronts Shiny regarding the same, Shiny, in a fit of rage, shouts out that it is to cover his wife’s affair. An enraged Sam unintentionally pushes her to the edge, which eventually makes her fall off the point. The movie ends with Chandrashekhar leaving the friends in the room as the dawn breaks. | 0 | -1 |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/12th%20man%20%28football%29 | The Seattle Seahawks retired the number 12 jersey on December 15, 1984, in honor of their fans. In 2003, the Seahawks installed a giant flagpole in the south end zone of what is now Lumen Field, and began a tradition of raising a giant flag with the number 12 on it in honor of the fans, one of whom is Sam Adkins, the former Seahawks quarterback who did wear the number 12. Usually, a local celebrity or a season ticket holder raises the flag during pregame ceremonies. In recent years, 12th Man flags have been seen all over Seattle whenever the Seahawks make the playoffs, including atop the Space Needle. In 2014, Boeing painted a Boeing 747-8 freighter with a special Seahawks livery, with the number 12 on the tail, and they later flew it over eastern Washington in a flight path spelling the number 12. When the Seahawks took the field for Super Bowl XLVIII, they were led by LB Heath Farwell carrying the team's 12th Man flag per team tradition. In May 2016, mountaineer David Liaño González displayed a 12th Man flag at the summit of Mount Everest. | 0 | -1 |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/12th%20man%20%28football%29 | The Seattle Seahawks retired the number 12 jersey on December 15, 1984, in honor of their fans. In 2003, the Seahawks installed a giant flagpole in the south end zone of what is now Lumen Field, and began a tradition of raising a giant flag with the number 12 on it in honor of the fans, one of whom is Sam Adkins, the former Seahawks quarterback who did wear the number 12. Usually, a local celebrity or a season ticket holder raises the flag during pregame ceremonies. In recent years, 12th Man flags have been seen all over Seattle whenever the Seahawks make the playoffs, including atop the Space Needle. In 2014, Boeing painted a Boeing 747-8 freighter aircraft with a special Seahawks livery, with the number 12 on the tail, and they later flew it over eastern Washington in a flight path spelling the number 12. When the Seahawks took the field for Super Bowl XLVIII, they were led by LB Heath Farwell carrying the team's 12th Man flag per team tradition. In May 2016, mountaineer David Liaño González displayed a 12th Man flag at the summit of Mount Everest. | 1 | 1 |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/13%20Hours%3A%20The%20Secret%20Soldiers%20of%20Benghazi | That night, a group of militants from Ansar al-Sharia assault the compound. The 17-Feb guards are quickly overrun, which allows the attackers easy access to the compound. Wickland takes Stevens and Smith, an IT specialist, to the safe room. Unable to breach the safe room, the attackers set the building on fire hoping to burn the men out. Wickland escapes but loses both Stevens and Smith. At the Annex, the GRS team desperately wants to go to the compound to help, but the Chief refuses for fear that the team's departure would expose the Annex. However, the team dispatches to the compound anyway and meets up with the DSS Agents, with the team splitting up: Silva, Woods, and Tiegen head to the consulate, while Paronto and Benton head to the back gate, assisted by a few 17-Feb militants. Silva and Woods enter the building searching for Stevens and Smith but find only Smith's body. After an intense firefight inside the compound against the militants, the DSS team retreats in a car, but after a beat-up Wickland goes the wrong way, they are followed by militants on their way back to the Annex. Later, the GRS team also retreats to the Annex. | 1 | 1 |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/13%20Reasons%20Why | Similarly, clinical psychologists such as Daniel J. Reidenberg and Erika Martinez, as well as mental health advocate MollyKate Cline of Teen Vogue magazine, have expressed concerns regarding the risk of suicide contagion. However, Eric Beeson, a counselor at The Family Institute at Northwestern University noted that "it's unlikely that one show alone could trigger someone to attempt suicide." Mental health professionals have also criticized the series' depiction of suicide itself, much of which violates widely promulgated recommendations for reporting on actual suicides or not depicting them in fiction, in order to not encourage copycat suicides. The season finale, which depicts Hannah's suicide in graphic detail, has been particularly criticized in this regard.<ref name="Slate piece">{{cite news |last=Martinelli |first=Marissa |title=13 Reasons Why's Controversial Depiction of Teen Suicide Has School Counselors Picking Up the Pieces |url=http://www.slate.com/blogs/browbeat/2017/05/01/school_counselors_talk_netflix_s_controversial_teen_suicide_drama_13_reasons.html |newspaper=Slate |date=May 1, 2017 |access-date=May 2, 2017 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170502022611/http://www.slate.com/blogs/browbeat/2017/05/01/school_counselors_talk_netflix_s_controversial_teen_suicide_drama_13_reasons.html |archive-date=May 2, 2017}}</ref> Nic Sheff, a writer for the series, has defended it as intended to dispel the myth that suicides "quietly drift off", and recalled how he himself was deterred from a suicide attempt by recalling a survivor's account of how painful and horrifying it was. | 0 | -1 |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/13%20Reasons%20Why | Similarly, clinical psychologists such as Daniel J. Reidenberg and Erika Martinez, as well as mental health advocate MollyKate Cline of Teen Vogue magazine, have expressed concerns regarding the risk of suicide contagion. However, Eric Beeson, a counselor at The Family Institute at Northwestern University noted that "it's unlikely that one show alone could trigger someone to attempt suicide." Mental health professionals have also criticized the series' depiction of suicide itself, much of which violates widely promulgated recommendations for reporting on actual suicides or not depicting them in fiction, in order to not encourage copycat suicides. The season finale, which depicts Hannah's suicide in graphic detail, has been particularly criticized in this regard. Nic Sheff, a writer for the series, has defended it as intended to dispel the myth that suicides "quietly drift off", and recalled how he himself was deterred from a suicide attempt by recalling a survivor's account of how painful and horrifying it was. | 1 | 1 |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/13%20Sentinels%3A%20Aegis%20Rim | The battle system of the Destruction mode takes the form of a real-time strategy scenario, with up to six chosen characters using Sentinels to fight off waves of enemies called Kaiju defending a terminal. The terminal's health is determined by which units are in place, and if all units are defeated, the hub is overwhelmed and the game ends. Gameplay can be paused, allowing for Sentinels to be moved and actions such as combat and support abilities to be carried out. The section is completed when the hub is successfully defended against all waves. Battles pit Sentinels against Kaiju with differing strengths and abilities such as flight or extra defence, requiring one of the four Sentinel types; some Sentinels are strong against flying enemies, while others do better against large ground-based forces. They also have different attack ranges and movement speeds. Sentinels have at least one basic attack that costs nothing, and additional abilities that cost a resource called EP; EP can be recovered by defending. After acting, each Sentinel has a cooldown timer before it can act again. Damage can be repaired by Sentinel pilots, but this requires leaving the Sentinel and leaving them vulnerable to attack. The player can also trigger limited-use "Terminal Commands", special field-wide abilities such as an EMP which use up a dedicated energy gauge. Characters level up with experience points and gain passive bonus effects, while Sentinel abilities and attributes can be raised using Meta-chips gained during battles. | 0 | -1 |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/13%20Sentinels%3A%20Aegis%20Rim | The battle system of the Destruction mode takes the form of a real-time strategy scenario, with up to six chosen characters using Sentinels to fight off waves of enemies called Kaiju defending a terminal. The terminal's health is determined by which units are in place, and if all units are defeated, the hub is overwhelmed and the game ends. Gameplay can be paused, allowing for Sentinels to be moved and actions such as combat and support abilities to be carried out. The section is completed when the hub is successfully defended against all waves. Battles pit Sentinels against Kaiju with differing strengths and abilities such as flight or extra defense, requiring one of the four Sentinel types; some Sentinels are strong against flying enemies, while others do better against large ground-based forces. They also have different attack ranges and movement speeds. Sentinels have at least one basic attack that costs nothing, and additional abilities that cost a resource called EP; EP can be recovered by defending. After acting, each Sentinel has a cooldown timer before it can act again. Damage can be repaired by Sentinel pilots, but this requires leaving the Sentinel and leaving them vulnerable to attack. The player can also trigger limited-use "Terminal Commands", special field-wide abilities such as an EMP which use up a dedicated energy gauge. Characters level up with experience points and gain passive bonus effects, while Sentinel abilities and attributes can be raised using Meta-chips gained during battles. | 1 | 1 |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/13-Hydroxyoctadecadienoic%20acid | Oxidative stress in cells and tissues produces Free radical and singlet oxygen oxidations of linoleic acid to generate 13-HpODEs, 9-HpODEs, 13-HODEs, and 9-HODEs; these non-enzymatic reactions produce or are suspected but not proven to produce approximately equal amounts of their S and R stereoisomers. Free radical oxidations of linoleic acid also produce 13-EE-HODE, 9-hydroxy-10E,12-E-octadecadienoic acid, 9-hydroxy-10E,12-Z-octadecadienoic acid, and 11-hydroxy-9Z,12Z-octadecaenoic acid while singlet oxygen attacks on linoleic acid produce (presumably) racemic mixtures of 9-hydroxy-10E,12-Z-octadecadienoic acid, 10-hydroxy-8E,12Z-octadecadienoic acid, and 12-hydroxy-9Z-13-E-octadecadienoic acid. 4-Hydroxynonenal (i.e. 4-hydroxy-2E-nonenal or HNE) is also a peroxidation product of 13-HpODE. Since oxidative stress commonly produces both free radicals and singlet oxygen, most or all of these products may form together in tissues undergoing oxidative stress. Free radical and singlet oxygen oxidations of linoleic acid produce a similar set of 13-HODE metabolites (see 9-Hydroxyoctadecadienoic acid). Studies attribute these oxidations to be major contributors to 13-HODE production in tissues undergoing oxidative stress including in humans sites of inflammation, steatohepatitis, cardiovascular disease-related atheroma plaques, neurodegenerative disease, etc. (see oxidative stress). | 0 | -1 |