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[QUESTION]What do these two changes have in common? baking cookies a piece of avocado turning brown

[OPTIONS](A) Both are only physical changes. (B) Both are caused by heating. (C) Both are chemical changes. (D) Both are caused by cooling.

Both are chemical changes.

Step 1: Think about each change. Baking cookies is a chemical change. The type of matter in the cookie dough changes when it is baked. The cookie dough turns into cookies! A piece of avocado turning brown is a chemical change. The avocado reacts with oxygen in the air to form a different type of matter. If you scrape off the brown part of the avocado, the inside will still be green. The inside hasn't touched the air. So the chemical change hasn't happened to that part of the avocado. Step 2: Look at each answer choice. Both are only physical changes. Both changes are chemical changes. They are not physical changes. Both are chemical changes. Both changes are chemical changes. The type of matter before and after each change is different. Both are caused by heating. Baking is caused by heating. But a piece of avocado turning brown is not. Both are caused by cooling. Neither change is caused by cooling.

[QUESTION]Think about the magnetic force between the magnets in each pair. Which of the following statements is true?

[OPTIONS](A) The magnitude of the magnetic force is smaller in Pair 1. (B) The magnitude of the magnetic force is the same in both pairs. (C) The magnitude of the magnetic force is smaller in Pair 2.

The magnitude of the magnetic force is smaller in Pair 1.

The magnets in Pair 1 attract. The magnets in Pair 2 repel. But whether the magnets attract or repel affects only the direction of the magnetic force. It does not affect the magnitude of the magnetic force. Magnet sizes affect the magnitude of the magnetic force. Imagine magnets that are the same shape and made of the same material. The smaller the magnets, the smaller the magnitude of the magnetic force between them. Magnet A is the same size in both pairs. But Magnet B is smaller in Pair 1 than in Pair 2. So, the magnitude of the magnetic force is smaller in Pair 1 than in Pair 2.

[QUESTION]Is Nembrotha megalocera made up of many cells?

[OPTIONS](A) yes (B) no

yes

Nembrotha megalocera is an animal. Animals are made up of many cells.

[QUESTION]In this food chain, the diatom is a producer. Why?

[OPTIONS](A) It eats another organism. (B) It makes its own food. (C) It eats a consumer.

It makes its own food.

In this food chain, the diatom is a producer because it makes its own food. The diatom uses carbon dioxide, water, and sunlight to make its own food.

[QUESTION]Which tense does the sentence use? Lester will join the bike race.

[OPTIONS](A) present tense (B) past tense (C) future tense

future tense

The sentence is in future tense. You can tell because it uses will before the main verb, join. The verb tells you about something that is going to happen.

[QUESTION]Select the plant.

[OPTIONS](A) Loons walk, fly, and swim. (B) Magnolia trees have many leaves.

Magnolia trees have many leaves.

A loon is an animal. It walks, flies, and swims. A loon is a bird. Loons live near lakes and dive in the water to hunt for food. A magnolia tree is a plant. It has many green leaves. Magnolia trees have red seeds.

[QUESTION]Which solution has a higher concentration of pink particles?

[OPTIONS](A) Solution B (B) Solution A (C) neither; their concentrations are the same

Solution A

In Solution A and Solution B, the pink particles represent the solute. To figure out which solution has a higher concentration of pink particles, look at both the number of pink particles and the volume of the solvent in each container. Use the concentration formula to find the number of pink particles per milliliter. Solution A has more pink particles per milliliter. So, Solution A has a higher concentration of pink particles.

[QUESTION]Select the mammal below.

[OPTIONS](A) gray wolf (B) keel-billed toucan

gray wolf

A keel-billed toucan is a bird. It has feathers, two wings, and a beak. Toucans have large beaks. A toucan's beak can be half as long as its body. A gray wolf is a mammal. It has fur and feeds its young milk. Wolves often live in family groups. A wolf mother, father, and their children travel together.

[QUESTION]What is the volume of a bottle of hot sauce?

[OPTIONS](A) 5 cups (B) 5 fluid ounces (C) 5 gallons

5 fluid ounces

The best estimate for the volume of a bottle of hot sauce is 5 fluid ounces. 5 cups and 5 gallons are both too much.

[QUESTION]Which of the following could Ann's test show?

[OPTIONS](A) if the blade guards would break in a crash (B) how much the drone weighed with the blade guards (C) if adding the blade guards made the drone fly poorly

if adding the blade guards made the drone fly poorly

[QUESTION]Select the one substance that is not a mineral.

[OPTIONS](A) Cheese is made by humans. It is a solid. (B) Calcite is a pure substance. It is a solid. (C) Biotite is formed in nature. It is a pure substance.

Cheese is made by humans. It is a solid.

Compare the properties of each substance to the properties of minerals. Select the substance whose properties do not match those of minerals. Calcite is a mineral. Cheese is made by humans. But minerals are not made by living things. So, cheese is not a mineral. Biotite is a mineral.

[QUESTION]Complete the statement. Calcium is ().

[OPTIONS](A) a compound (B) an elementary substance

an elementary substance

You can tell whether calcium is an elementary substance or a compound by counting the number of atomic symbols in its chemical formula. An atomic symbol consists of either one capital letter or a capital letter followed by one or two lowercase letters. The chemical formula for calcium contains one atomic symbol: Ca. So, the formula tells you that calcium is composed of only one chemical element. Since calcium is composed of only one chemical element, calcium is an elementary substance.

[QUESTION]Which of the following fossils is younger? Select the more likely answer.

[OPTIONS](A) feather (B) ginkgo leaf

feather

Look again at the fossils in the rock sequence diagram. Compare the positions of these fossils to determine which one is younger: The feather fossil is in a shallower layer in the rock sequence than the ginkgo leaf fossil. So, the feather fossil is most likely younger than the ginkgo leaf fossil.

[QUESTION]Which object has the most thermal energy?

[OPTIONS](A) a pencil at a temperature of 20°C (B) a pencil at a temperature of 27°C (C) a pencil at a temperature of 0°C

a pencil at a temperature of 27°C

All three pencils have the same mass but different temperatures. Since the 27°C pencil is the hottest, it has the most thermal energy.

[QUESTION]What is the source of the allusion in the sentence below? Nora thinks Mr. Durham is a Luddite because he doesn't own a cell phone.

[OPTIONS](A) British history (B) the Bible

British history

The source of the allusion Luddite is British history. In the early nineteenth century, factories were replacing the jobs of craftsmen. Some of these craftsmen banded together to destroy the new machinery; those who did so were called Luddites. The allusion Luddite means a person opposed to new technology.

[QUESTION]What is the name of the colony shown?

[OPTIONS](A) Mississippi (B) Delaware (C) South Carolina (D) Indiana

Delaware

The colony is Delaware.

[QUESTION]Select the one animal that has all of the crustacean traits listed above.

[OPTIONS](A) Rock lobsters can live more than 600 feet underwater! They have an exoskeleton and two pairs of antennae. (B) Trichina worms have soft, thin bodies. They have a cylindrical shape and do not have limbs. Trichina worms are not made up of segments. They can infect and feed off of humans, pigs, and other mammals.

Rock lobsters can live more than 600 feet underwater! They have an exoskeleton and two pairs of antennae.

To decide if an animal is part of a group, look at the traits of the group. Crustaceans have the following traits: They have two pairs of antennae. They have an exoskeleton. Compare each animal's traits to the group's traits. Select the animal with traits similar to the group's traits. A rock lobster has the following traits: It has two pairs of antennae. It has an exoskeleton. A rock lobster has the traits of a crustacean. A rock lobster is a crustacean. A trichina worm has the following traits: A trichina worm does not have all of the traits of a crustacean. A trichina worm is a roundworm.

[QUESTION]Based on this information, what is Roxie's phenotype for the fur color trait?

[OPTIONS](A) FF (B) black fur

black fur

An organism's phenotype for a trait is its observable version of that trait. Roxie's observable version of the fur color trait is black fur. So, Roxie's phenotype for the fur color trait is black fur.

[QUESTION]Think about the magnetic force between the magnets in each pair. Which of the following statements is true?

[OPTIONS](A) The magnitude of the magnetic force is the same in both pairs. (B) The magnitude of the magnetic force is greater in Pair 2. (C) The magnitude of the magnetic force is greater in Pair 1.

The magnitude of the magnetic force is greater in Pair 1.

The magnets in Pair 2 attract. The magnets in Pair 1 repel. But whether the magnets attract or repel affects only the direction of the magnetic force. It does not affect the magnitude of the magnetic force. Magnet sizes affect the magnitude of the magnetic force. Imagine magnets that are the same shape and made of the same material. The larger the magnets, the greater the magnitude of the magnetic force between them. Magnet A is the same size in both pairs. But Magnet B is larger in Pair 1 than in Pair 2. So, the magnitude of the magnetic force is greater in Pair 1 than in Pair 2.

[QUESTION]Select the amphibian.

[OPTIONS](A) black howler (B) red-headed poison frog (C) salmon (D) thresher shark

red-headed poison frog

A red-headed poison frog is an amphibian. It has moist skin and begins its life in water. Poison dart frogs come in many bright colors. Their bright color warns other animals that these frogs are poisonous. A black howler is a mammal. It has hair and feeds its young milk. Howler monkeys have loud calls, or howls. Their calls can be heard over three miles away! A thresher shark is a fish. It lives underwater. It has fins, not limbs. A thresher shark has a long tail. It can use its tail to hit and stun prey. A salmon is a fish. It lives underwater. It has fins, not limbs. Unlike most other fish, salmon can live in both fresh water and salt water.

[QUESTION]Is aquamarine a mineral?

[OPTIONS](A) yes (B) no

yes

Aquamarine has all the properties of a mineral. So, aquamarine is a mineral.

[QUESTION]What is the probability that a fruit fly produced by this cross will have normal wings?

[OPTIONS](A) 1/4 (B) 3/4 (C) 2/4 (D) 0/4 (E) 4/4

4/4

[QUESTION]Which continent is highlighted?

[OPTIONS](A) North America (B) Africa (C) Australia (D) South America

Australia

This continent is Australia.

[QUESTION]Which is softer?

[OPTIONS](A) metal trombone (B) nylon swim shorts

nylon swim shorts

Soft is a property. A soft material changes shape when you press on it. Look at each picture, one at a time. Imagine touching the material shown in each picture. Of the choices, the nylon swim shorts are softer. Nylon fabric changes shape when you press on it.

[QUESTION]Which tense does the sentence use? The cousins will complete the puzzle before long.

[OPTIONS](A) past tense (B) future tense (C) present tense

future tense

The sentence is in future tense. You can tell because it uses will before the main verb, complete. The verb tells you about something that is going to happen.

[QUESTION]Look at the word. Does it have a closed syllable or an open syllable? beg

[OPTIONS](A) closed (B) open

closed

The word beg ends with a consonant and has a short vowel sound. So, it has a closed syllable.

[QUESTION]What is the capital of Colorado?

[OPTIONS](A) Hartford (B) Little Rock (C) Boulder (D) Denver

Denver

Denver is the capital of Colorado.

[QUESTION]Which of the following fossils is older? Select the more likely answer.

[OPTIONS](A) ginkgo leaf (B) wood

wood

Look again at the fossils in the rock sequence diagram. Compare the positions of these fossils to determine which one is older: The wood fossil is in a deeper layer in the rock sequence than the ginkgo leaf fossil. So, the wood fossil is most likely older than the ginkgo leaf fossil.

[QUESTION]What do these two changes have in common? a puddle freezing into ice on a cold night mixing sand and water

[OPTIONS](A) Both are caused by cooling. (B) Both are caused by heating. (C) Both are only physical changes. (D) Both are chemical changes.

Both are only physical changes.

Step 1: Think about each change. A puddle freezing into ice on a cold night is a change of state. So, it is a physical change. Liquid water freezes and becomes solid, but it is still made of water. A different type of matter is not formed. Mixing sand and water is a physical change. Adding water makes the sand wet. But both the sand and water are still made of the same type of matter as before. Step 2: Look at each answer choice. Both are only physical changes. Both changes are physical changes. No new matter is created. Both are chemical changes. Both changes are physical changes. They are not chemical changes. Both are caused by heating. Neither change is caused by heating. Both are caused by cooling. A puddle freezing is caused by cooling. But mixing sand and water is not.

[QUESTION]What is the volume of a large soup pot?

[OPTIONS](A) 2 fluid ounces (B) 2 gallons (C) 2 cups

2 gallons

The best estimate for the volume of a large soup pot is 2 gallons. 2 fluid ounces and 2 cups are both too little.

[QUESTION]What is the name of the colony shown?

[OPTIONS](A) Pennsylvania (B) Rhode Island (C) New York (D) Ohio

New York

The colony is New York. During the colonial era, New Hampshire and New York both claimed the territory that would later become the state of Vermont. Vermont was never its own colony.

[QUESTION]What can Nathan and Xavier trade to each get what they want?

[OPTIONS](A) Xavier can trade his almonds for Nathan's tomatoes. (B) Nathan can trade his tomatoes for Xavier's broccoli. (C) Nathan can trade his tomatoes for Xavier's sandwich. (D) Xavier can trade his broccoli for Nathan's oranges.

Nathan can trade his tomatoes for Xavier's broccoli.

Nathan wanted broccoli in his lunch and Xavier was hoping for tomatoes. Look at the labeled part of the images. Nathan has tomatoes. Xavier has broccoli. They can trade tomatoes for broccoli to both be happier. Trading other things would not help either person get more items they want.

[QUESTION]Which of these states is farthest south?

[OPTIONS](A) Rhode Island (B) West Virginia (C) South Dakota (D) Idaho

West Virginia

To find the answer, look at the compass rose. Look at which way the south arrow is pointing. West Virginia is farthest south.

[QUESTION]Which of the following was an independent variable in this experiment?

[OPTIONS](A) the number of rusted steel squares (B) the type of liquid used

the type of liquid used

[QUESTION]Is there a sentence fragment? In 2004, a team of archaeologists discovered a three-foot-tall skeleton, dubbed the "Hobbit," in Indonesia. Even after ten years, experts still debate whether the skeleton belonged to a modern human.

[OPTIONS](A) yes (B) no

no

There is not a sentence fragment. These are complete sentences because they express complete thoughts. In 2004, a team of archaeologists discovered a three-foot-tall skeleton, dubbed the "Hobbit," in Indonesia. Even after ten years, experts still debate whether the skeleton belonged to a modern human.

[QUESTION]What is the volume of a fish bowl?

[OPTIONS](A) 4 liters (B) 4 milliliters

4 liters

The better estimate for the volume of a fish bowl is 4 liters. 4 milliliters is too little.

[QUESTION]Identify the question that Juan's experiment can best answer.

[OPTIONS](A) Do cardinals visit feeders containing sunflower seeds more often than feeders containing flax seeds? (B) Do cardinals eat more seeds per visit from feeders containing sunflower seeds compared to feeders containing flax seeds?

Do cardinals visit feeders containing sunflower seeds more often than feeders containing flax seeds?

[QUESTION]Complete the statement. Methane is ().

[OPTIONS](A) an elementary substance (B) a compound

a compound

Use the model to determine whether methane is an elementary substance or a compound. Step 1: Interpret the model. . Use the legend to determine the chemical element represented by each color. The colors and atomic symbols from the legend are shown in the table below. The table also includes the names of the chemical elements represented in the model. You can see from the model that a molecule of methane is composed of four hydrogen atoms and one carbon atom bonded together. Step 2: Determine whether the substance is an elementary substance or a compound. You know from Step 1 that methane is composed of two chemical elements: hydrogen and carbon. Since methane is composed of multiple chemical elements bonded together, methane is a compound.

[QUESTION]What is the capital of New York?

[OPTIONS](A) Albany (B) Hartford (C) Providence (D) Buffalo

Albany

Albany is the capital of New York.

[QUESTION]Select the amphibian.

[OPTIONS](A) wombat (B) barn owl (C) helmeted iguana (D) African bullfrog

African bullfrog

An African bullfrog is an amphibian. It has moist skin and begins its life in water. Frogs live near water or in damp places. Most frogs lay their eggs in water. A wombat is a mammal. It has fur and feeds its young milk. Wombats have strong claws on their front feet. They use their claws to dig underground holes called burrows. A barn owl is a bird. It has feathers, two wings, and a beak. Barn owls live on every continent except Antarctica. A helmeted iguana is a reptile. It has scaly, waterproof skin. Iguanas are a type of lizard. Iguanas eat plants and fruit.

[QUESTION]Compare the average kinetic energies of the particles in each sample. Which sample has the higher temperature?

[OPTIONS](A) sample A (B) neither; the samples have the same temperature (C) sample B

sample A

Each particle in the two samples has the same mass, but the particles in sample A have a higher average speed than the particles in sample B. So, the particles in sample A have a higher average kinetic energy than the particles in sample B. Because the particles in sample A have the higher average kinetic energy, sample A must have the higher temperature.

[QUESTION]Based on the arrows, which of the following organisms is a consumer?

[OPTIONS](A) bilberry (B) earthworm

earthworm

Consumers eat other organisms. So, there are arrows in a food web that point from other organisms to consumers. The bilberry does not have any arrows pointing to it. So, the bilberry is a producer, not a consumer. The earthworm has arrows pointing to it from the Arctic fox and the collared lemming. So, the earthworm is a consumer.

[QUESTION]Which text message is more formal?

[OPTIONS](A) Ms. Wyatt is already here. She's waiting in the lobby. (B) Heads up! Wyatt is here. In the lobby.

Ms. Wyatt is already here. She's waiting in the lobby.

The first text message is more formal. It uses complete sentences, avoids slang (heads up), and uses the person's title (Ms. Wyatt). The other text message includes more casual language and sentence fragments.

[QUESTION]Which of the following could Aisha and Lily's test show?

[OPTIONS](A) if a new batch of concrete was firm enough to use (B) if the concrete from each batch took the same amount of time to dry

if a new batch of concrete was firm enough to use

[QUESTION]Is the following statement about our solar system true or false? Earth is the largest planet that is made mainly of rock.

[OPTIONS](A) false (B) true

true

The table tells you that Mercury, Venus, Earth, and Mars are the planets made mainly of rock. Of these planets, Earth is the largest. So, Earth is the largest planet that is made mainly of rock.

[QUESTION]Which of these states is farthest west?

[OPTIONS](A) New Jersey (B) Maryland (C) Connecticut (D) New Hampshire

Maryland

To find the answer, look at the compass rose. Look at which way the west arrow is pointing. Maryland is farthest west.

[QUESTION]Which of these organisms contains matter that was once part of the kelp?

[OPTIONS](A) zooplankton (B) plainfin midshipman (C) sea urchin

sea urchin

Use the arrows to follow how matter moves through this food web. For each answer choice, try to find a path of arrows that starts from the kelp.There is one path matter can take from the kelp to the sea urchin: kelp->sea urchin. There is one path matter can take from the kelp to the orca: kelp->sea urchin->sea otter->orca. zooplankton. The only arrow pointing to the zooplankton starts from the phytoplankton. No arrow points to the phytoplankton. So, in this food web, matter does not move from the kelp to the zooplankton.. plainfin midshipman. There are two arrows pointing to the plainfin midshipman. These start from the phytoplankton and the zooplankton. The only arrow pointing to the zooplankton starts from the phytoplankton. No arrow points to the phytoplankton. So, in this food web, matter does not move from the kelp to the plainfin midshipman..

[QUESTION]Which word would you find on a dictionary page with the following guide words? beaver - bury

[OPTIONS](A) banner (B) brier

brier

Put the words in alphabetical order. Since brier is between the guide words beaver - bury, it would be found on that page.

[QUESTION]Which correctly shows the title of a short story?

[OPTIONS](A) "The Dream of Little Tuk" (B) "the Dream of little Tuk"

"The Dream of Little Tuk"

Capitalize the first word, the last word, and every important word in between. The word of is not important, so it should not be capitalized. The correct title is "The Dream of Little Tuk."

[QUESTION]Which air temperature was measured within the outlined area shown?

[OPTIONS](A) -13°C (B) -1°C (C) -4°C

-13°C

Look at the colors shown within the outlined area. Then, use the legend to determine which air temperatures those colors represent. 10°C. -13°C is within this range. -4°C and -1°C are outside of this range.

[QUESTION]Which greeting is correct for a letter?

[OPTIONS](A) Dear Mrs. Lee, (B) Dear Mrs. lee,

Dear Mrs. Lee,

The first greeting is correct: Its first word is capitalized, and it ends with a comma. Mrs. Lee is capitalized because it is a proper noun.

[QUESTION]Which logical fallacy is used in the text? Since Fairfax College receives more applications for admission than Newton University, Fairfax College is evidently a better school.

[OPTIONS](A) ad hominem: an attack against the person making the argument, rather than the argument itself (B) bandwagon fallacy: the assumption that the popular choice is automatically correct (C) slippery slope fallacy: the false assumption that a small first step will lead to extreme consequences

bandwagon fallacy: the assumption that the popular choice is automatically correct

The text argues that Fairfax College is better than Newton University because Fairfax College receives more applications. However, the popularity of a school does not necessarily indicate its quality. This illustrates a type of logical fallacy known as the bandwagon fallacy.

[QUESTION]Which country is highlighted?

[OPTIONS](A) Antigua and Barbuda (B) Dominica (C) Saint Lucia (D) Barbados

Saint Lucia

This country is Saint Lucia.

[QUESTION]Which figure of speech is used in this text? Dr. Chapman is unhappy with her new assistant because simple tasks, like fetching coffee, take him years to finish.

[OPTIONS](A) hyperbole (B) oxymoron

hyperbole

The text uses hyperbole, an obvious exaggeration that is not meant to be taken literally. Take him years to finish is an exaggeration, since it probably does not take him entire years to fetch coffee.

[QUESTION]Which is the main persuasive appeal used in this ad?

[OPTIONS](A) logos (reason) (B) pathos (emotion) (C) ethos (character)

logos (reason)

The ad appeals to logos, or reason. It uses a graph to display information that shows its brand outperforms other brands.

[QUESTION]Does this passage describe the weather or the climate? It is snowing in Emmett's town today.

[OPTIONS](A) weather (B) climate

weather

Read the text carefully. It is snowing in Emmett's town today. This passage tells you about the precipitation today in Emmett's town. It describes the atmosphere at a certain place and time. So, this passage describes the weather.

[QUESTION]Which professional objective on a résumé is more formal?

[OPTIONS](A) I seek a position in the beauty field with an emphasis on client relations and sales. (B) I would really enjoy being a makeup artist and selling makeup, too.

I seek a position in the beauty field with an emphasis on client relations and sales.

The second professional objective on a résumé is more formal. It uses more elevated language (a position in the beauty field, an emphasis on client relations). The other professional objective sounds more imprecise (really enjoy) and conversational.

[QUESTION]Use the evidence in the text to select the photosynthetic organism.

[OPTIONS](A) Emerald tree boas eat only once every few months. The boas eat small animals, which their bodies break down for energy. (B) Snake plants use carbon dioxide and water to make sugars. These plants use the sugars to get the energy they need to live.

Snake plants use carbon dioxide and water to make sugars. These plants use the sugars to get the energy they need to live.

This organism is photosynthetic: The text tells you that snake plants use carbon dioxide and water to make sugars, and then use these sugars to get energy. This is evidence that the snake plant is a photosynthetic organism. This organism is not photosynthetic: The text does not provide evidence that the emerald tree boa is photosynthetic.

[QUESTION]Is Daucus carota made up of one cell?

[OPTIONS](A) no (B) yes

no

Daucus carota is a plant. Plants are made up of many cells.

[QUESTION]Based on this information, what is Chance's phenotype for the fur texture trait?

[OPTIONS](A) soft fur (B) rough fur

rough fur

You need to determine Chance's phenotype for the fur texture trait. First, consider the alleles in Chance's genotype for the fur texture gene. Then, decide whether these alleles are dominant or recessive. The allele for rough fur (F) is dominant over the allele for soft fur (f). This means F is a dominant allele, and f is a recessive allele. Chance's genotype of Ff has one dominant allele and one recessive allele. An organism with at least one dominant allele for a gene will have the dominant allele's version of the trait. So, Chance's phenotype for the fur texture trait must be rough fur.

[QUESTION]What is the source of the allusion in the sentence below? The candidate's fixation on his opponent's failure to wear a flag pin on flag day seemed at times to border on McCarthyism.

[OPTIONS](A) British history (B) U.S. history

U.S. history

The source of the allusion McCarthyism is U.S. history. In the 1950 s, U.S. senator Joseph McCarthy led a ruthless investigation of Americans whom he accused of being Communist sympathizers. Based on flimsy or nonexistent evidence, the accusations created a climate of suspicion and fear. The allusion McCarthyism means aggressive questioning of a person's patriotism.

[QUESTION]What information supports the conclusion that Megan inherited this trait?

[OPTIONS](A) Megan has green eyes like her biological mother. (B) Megan's neighbor has green eyes. (C) Megan and her biological father wear sunglasses when they go outside.

Megan has green eyes like her biological mother.

[QUESTION]Which type of sentence is this? Martina is a competitive horseback rider, and she will be competing in the next World Equestrian Games, which are held every four years.

[OPTIONS](A) simple (B) complex (C) compound-complex (D) compound

compound-complex

The sentence is compound-complex. It is made up of two independent clauses and a dependent clause. The dependent clause begins with the relative pronoun which. Martina is a competitive horseback rider, and she will be competing in the next World Equestrian Games, which are held every four years.

[QUESTION]Would you find the word sack on a dictionary page with the following guide words? snatch - stem

[OPTIONS](A) no (B) yes

no

Put the words in alphabetical order. Since sack is not between the guide words snatch - stem, it would not be found on that page.

[QUESTION]Would you find the word dove on a dictionary page with the following guide words? deck - drawer

[OPTIONS](A) yes (B) no

yes

Put the words in alphabetical order. Since dove is between the guide words deck - drawer, it would be found on that page.

[QUESTION]Will these magnets attract or repel each other?

[OPTIONS](A) attract (B) repel

repel

Will these magnets attract or repel? To find out, look at which poles are closest to each other. The north pole of one magnet is closest to the north pole of the other magnet. Poles that are the same repel. So, these magnets will repel each other.

[QUESTION]Assume all other forces on Candice are balanced. Which statement describes the forces on Candice?

[OPTIONS](A) The forces are balanced, so there is no net force on Candice. (B) The forces are unbalanced, so there is a net force on Candice.

The forces are unbalanced, so there is a net force on Candice.

To determine if there is a net force on Candice, look at the forces: Earth's gravity is pulling Candice down with a force of 600 N. The seat of the cart is pushing Candice up with a force of 1,200 N. The forces are in opposite directions, and the forces have different magnitudes: 600 N and 1,200 N. This means that the forces are unbalanced, so there is a net force on Candice.

[QUESTION]Select the plant.

[OPTIONS](A) Sea otters eat animals that live in the ocean. (B) Marsh marigolds can grow yellow flowers.

Marsh marigolds can grow yellow flowers.

A sea otter is an animal. It eats animals that live in the ocean. Sea otters have very thick fur. Their fur keeps them warm in cold water. A marsh marigold is a plant. It can grow yellow flowers. Marsh marigolds grow best in cool shady places.

[QUESTION]Which pencil has less thermal energy?

[OPTIONS](A) the hotter pencil (B) the colder pencil

the colder pencil

The two pencils are made of the same material and have the same mass. So, the colder pencil has less thermal energy.

[QUESTION]Identify the question that Jayce's experiment can best answer.

[OPTIONS](A) Do steel nails rust in fewer days when submerged in a large volume of liquid compared to a small volume? (B) Do steel nails take fewer days to rust in water compared to vinegar?

Do steel nails take fewer days to rust in water compared to vinegar?

[QUESTION]Select the reptile below.

[OPTIONS](A) helmeted iguana (B) fruit bat

helmeted iguana

A fruit bat is a mammal. It has hair and feeds its young milk. A helmeted iguana is a reptile. It has scaly, waterproof skin.

[QUESTION]What can Cora and Reagan trade to each get what they want?

[OPTIONS](A) Cora can trade her tomatoes for Reagan's broccoli. (B) Cora can trade her tomatoes for Reagan's carrots. (C) Reagan can trade her broccoli for Cora's oranges. (D) Reagan can trade her almonds for Cora's tomatoes.

Cora can trade her tomatoes for Reagan's broccoli.

Look at the table and images. Cora wants broccoli. Reagan wants tomatoes. They can trade tomatoes for broccoli to both get what they want. Trading other things would not help both people get more items they want.

[QUESTION]Which sentence correctly describes capybaras?

[OPTIONS](A) They are shy animals that usually hide in tall grass. (B) They are wild guinea pigs that live in mountain forests. (C) They are the closest relatives of the hippopotamus. (D) They are large rodents that are powerful swimmers.

They are large rodents that are powerful swimmers.

Look at the text in bold below. It tells you the best way to describe capybaras. What animal looks like a guinea pig and a hippopotamus? The world's largest rodent, the capybara! Also called capys, these animals enjoy being in wetlands and rain forest waters. They are strong swimmers that wade in mud to keep cool. Like guinea pigs, capys have short legs and chubby bodies with shaggy fur.

[QUESTION]Which of the following could Bill's test show?

[OPTIONS](A) whether an inexpensive filter would become clogged more often (B) whether the filter was clogged (C) the amount of bacteria in the water before it was filtered

whether the filter was clogged

[QUESTION]Compare the average kinetic energies of the particles in each sample. Which sample has the higher temperature?

[OPTIONS](A) sample A (B) neither; the samples have the same temperature (C) sample B

sample A

Each particle in sample A has more mass than each particle in sample B. The particles in sample A also have a higher average speed than the particles in sample B. So, the particles in sample A have a higher average kinetic energy than the particles in sample B. Because the particles in sample A have the higher average kinetic energy, sample A must have the higher temperature.

[QUESTION]Which property do these two objects have in common?

[OPTIONS](A) scratchy (B) yellow

yellow

Look at each object. For each object, decide if it has that property. Yellow is a color. This color is yellow. Both objects are yellow. A scratchy object is rough and itchy against your skin. Neither of the objects are scratchy. The property that both objects have in common is yellow.

[QUESTION]Which text uses the word can in its traditional sense?

[OPTIONS](A) Debbie can type using a keyboard with a QWERTY layout, but she prefers the Dvorak layout. The two keyboards have different arrangements of letters and symbols. (B) If Debbie prefers a keyboard with the Dvorak layout, she can use mine. In my opinion, it's faster than typing on a keyboard with a QWERTY layout.

Debbie can type using a keyboard with a QWERTY layout, but she prefers the Dvorak layout. The two keyboards have different arrangements of letters and symbols.

The first text uses can in its traditional sense: to have the ability to. Debbie can type using a keyboard with a QWERTY layout, but she prefers the Dvorak layout. The two keyboards have different arrangements of letters and symbols. The second text uses can in its nontraditional sense: to have permission to. If Debbie prefers a keyboard with the Dvorak layout, she can use mine. In my opinion, it's faster than typing on a keyboard with a QWERTY layout. Most style guides recommend to use the traditional sense of the word can because it is considered more standard.

[QUESTION]Which solution has a higher concentration of yellow particles?

[OPTIONS](A) Solution B (B) Solution A (C) neither; their concentrations are the same

Solution B

In Solution A and Solution B, the yellow particles represent the solute. To figure out which solution has a higher concentration of yellow particles, look at both the number of yellow particles and the volume of the solvent in each container. Use the concentration formula to find the number of yellow particles per milliliter. Solution B has more yellow particles per milliliter. So, Solution B has a higher concentration of yellow particles.

[QUESTION]What does the idiom in this text suggest? Mr. and Mrs. Hartman usually see eye to eye, but not when it comes to the controversial mayoral race.

[OPTIONS](A) Mr. and Mrs. Hartman are not politically active. (B) Mr. and Mrs. Hartman usually agree.

Mr. and Mrs. Hartman usually agree.

The text uses an idiom, an expression that cannot be understood literally. The idiom see eye to eye suggests that Mr. and Mrs. Hartman usually agree. When you see eye to eye with someone, you share their opinion.

[QUESTION]Based on this information, what is Figaro's phenotype for the ear type trait?

[OPTIONS](A) curled ears (B) Ee

curled ears

An organism's phenotype for a trait is its observable version of that trait. Figaro's observable version of the ear type trait is curled ears. So, Figaro's phenotype for the ear type trait is curled ears.

[QUESTION]Which object has the least thermal energy?

[OPTIONS](A) a 100-gram mug of cider at a temperature of 152°F (B) a 100-gram mug of cider at a temperature of 139°F (C) a 100-gram mug of cider at a temperature of 132°F

a 100-gram mug of cider at a temperature of 132°F

All three mugs of cider have the same mass but different temperatures. Since the 132°F mug of cider is the coldest, it has the least thermal energy.

[QUESTION]Which tense does the sentence use? Jim will pop the popcorn.

[OPTIONS](A) future tense (B) present tense (C) past tense

future tense

The sentence is in future tense. You can tell because it uses will before the main verb, pop. The verb tells you about something that is going to happen.

[QUESTION]Using only these supplies, which question can Mackenzie investigate with an experiment?

[OPTIONS](A) Which type of sunflower grows more leaves? (B) Do sunflowers grow bigger in sunny planter boxes or in shady planter boxes? (C) Do sunflowers grow taller if they are planted in planter boxes or in pots?

Do sunflowers grow bigger in sunny planter boxes or in shady planter boxes?

[QUESTION]Which bird's beak is also adapted to crack hard seeds?

[OPTIONS](A) bald ibis (B) Asian golden weaver

Asian golden weaver

Look at the picture of the large ground finch. The large ground finch has a short, thick beak. Its beak is adapted to crack hard seeds. The large ground finch uses its short, thick beak to press down on a seed and crack open its hard shell. Now look at each bird. Figure out which bird has a similar adaptation. The Asian golden weaver has a short, thick beak. Its beak is adapted to crack hard seeds. The bald ibis has a long curved beak. Its beak is not adapted to crack hard seeds.

[QUESTION]Which material is this clothes hanger made of?

[OPTIONS](A) cardboard (B) wood

wood

Look at the picture of the clothes hanger. The clothes hanger is made of two different materials. The hook is made of metal. The rest of the hanger is made of wood.

[QUESTION]What is the volume of a bottle of hot sauce?

[OPTIONS](A) 4 gallons (B) 4 fluid ounces (C) 4 cups

4 fluid ounces

The best estimate for the volume of a bottle of hot sauce is 4 fluid ounces. 4 cups and 4 gallons are both too much.

[QUESTION]Will these magnets attract or repel each other?

[OPTIONS](A) repel (B) attract

repel

Will these magnets attract or repel? To find out, look at which poles are closest to each other. The south pole of one magnet is closest to the south pole of the other magnet. Poles that are the same repel. So, these magnets will repel each other.

[QUESTION]Think about the magnetic force between the magnets in each pair. Which of the following statements is true?

[OPTIONS](A) The magnitude of the magnetic force is greater in Pair 1. (B) The magnitude of the magnetic force is greater in Pair 2. (C) The magnitude of the magnetic force is the same in both pairs.

The magnitude of the magnetic force is greater in Pair 1.

The magnets in Pair 2 attract. The magnets in Pair 1 repel. But whether the magnets attract or repel affects only the direction of the magnetic force. It does not affect the magnitude of the magnetic force. Distance affects the magnitude of the magnetic force. When there is a smaller distance between magnets, the magnitude of the magnetic force between them is greater. There is a smaller distance between the magnets in Pair 1 than in Pair 2. So, the magnitude of the magnetic force is greater in Pair 1 than in Pair 2.

[QUESTION]What is the capital of Maryland?

[OPTIONS](A) Provo (B) Baltimore (C) Annapolis (D) Providence

Annapolis

Annapolis is the capital of Maryland.

[QUESTION]Is the following statement about our solar system true or false? Three-quarters of the planets are larger than Venus.

[OPTIONS](A) true (B) false

false

The table tells you that there are five planets larger than Venus: Earth, Jupiter, Saturn, Uranus, and Neptune. There are eight planets total. Five-eighths is less than three-quarters. So, five-eighths of the planets are larger than Venus.

[QUESTION]Assume all other forces on Kinsley are balanced. Which statement describes the forces on Kinsley?

[OPTIONS](A) The forces are balanced, so there is no net force on Kinsley. (B) The forces are unbalanced, so there is a net force on Kinsley.

The forces are unbalanced, so there is a net force on Kinsley.

To determine if there is a net force on Kinsley, look at the forces: Earth's gravity is pulling Kinsley down with a force of 600 N. The seat of the cart is pushing Kinsley up with a force of 1,200 N. The forces are in opposite directions, and the forces have different magnitudes: 600 N and 1,200 N. This means that the forces are unbalanced, so there is a net force on Kinsley.

[QUESTION]What does the metaphor in this text suggest? Amanda felt a roller coaster of emotions when she heard the news.

[OPTIONS](A) Amanda felt delighted about the news. (B) Amanda had varied feelings.

Amanda had varied feelings.

The text uses a metaphor, comparing two things that are not actually alike without using like or as. The metaphor Amanda felt a roller coaster of emotions suggests that Amanda had varied feelings. A roller coaster has a dramatic mix of ups and downs, and so do Amanda's feelings.

[QUESTION]Which is the main persuasive appeal used in this ad?

[OPTIONS](A) pathos (emotion) (B) ethos (character) (C) logos (reason)

ethos (character)

The ad appeals to ethos, or character. It includes an endorsement (seal of approval) from a respected organization.

[QUESTION]How long is a hammer?

[OPTIONS](A) 16 kilometers (B) 16 centimeters

16 centimeters

The better estimate for the length of a hammer is 16 centimeters. 16 kilometers is too long.

[QUESTION]Which of these states is farthest east?

[OPTIONS](A) New Hampshire (B) Kansas (C) New Mexico (D) Ohio

New Hampshire

To find the answer, look at the compass rose. Look at which way the east arrow is pointing. New Hampshire is farthest east.

[QUESTION]Complete the statement. Carbon dioxide is ().

[OPTIONS](A) a compound (B) an elementary substance

a compound

You can tell whether carbon dioxide is an elementary substance or a compound by counting the number of symbols in its chemical formula. A symbol contains either one capital letter or a capital letter followed by one or two lowercase letters. The chemical formula for carbon dioxide is CO2. This formula contains two symbols: C for carbon and O for oxygen. So, the formula tells you that carbon dioxide is made of two chemical elements bonded together. Substances made of two or more chemical elements bonded together are compounds. So, carbon dioxide is a compound.

[QUESTION]What does the verbal irony in this text suggest? After a jog around the block, Sadie collapsed on the couch and declared with a wheeze, "Well, I'm ready to run a marathon."

[OPTIONS](A) Sadie was out of shape. (B) Sadie plans to run more.

Sadie was out of shape.

The text uses verbal irony, which involves saying one thing but implying something very different. Ready to run a marathon ironically suggests that Sadie was out of shape. She was actually far from ready to run a marathon.

[QUESTION]Is the following trait inherited or acquired? Clara can ride a bicycle.

[OPTIONS](A) inherited (B) acquired

acquired

People are not born knowing how to ride a bicycle. Instead, many people learn how to ride. So, riding a bicycle is an acquired trait.

[QUESTION]What do these two changes have in common? acid rain weathering a marble statue deep-frying chicken

[OPTIONS](A) Both are caused by heating. (B) Both are only physical changes. (C) Both are chemical changes. (D) Both are caused by cooling.

Both are chemical changes.

Step 1: Think about each change. Acid rain weathering a marble statue is a chemical change. The acid rain reacts with the outside of the statue and breaks it down into a different type of matter. This new matter is then washed away by the rain. Acid rain is a type of pollution. It forms when smoke from automobiles and factories mixes with water in clouds. Acid rain is a type of pollution. It forms when automobiles and factories release smoke containing sulfur or nitrogen. Some of these chemicals react with water in the atmosphere. The reaction forms droplets of water that can fall back to the ground as acid rain. Deep-frying chicken is a chemical change. The heat causes the matter in the chicken to change. Cooked chicken and raw chicken are different types of matter. Step 2: Look at each answer choice. Both are only physical changes. Both changes are chemical changes. They are not physical changes. Both are chemical changes. Both changes are chemical changes. The type of matter before and after each change is different. Both are caused by heating. Cooking is caused by heating. But acid rain weathering a marble statue is not. Both are caused by cooling. Neither change is caused by cooling.

[QUESTION]Which bird's beak is also adapted to get nectar out of long flowers?

[OPTIONS](A) rufous hummingbird (B) bufflehead

rufous hummingbird

Look at the picture of the purple honeycreeper. The purple honeycreeper has a long, thin beak. Its beak is adapted to get nectar out of long flowers. The purple honeycreeper's long, thin beak can reach deep into the flowers. Now look at each bird. Figure out which bird has a similar adaptation. The rufous hummingbird has a long, thin beak. Its beak is adapted to get nectar out of long flowers. The bufflehead has a wide, flat beak. Its beak is not adapted to get nectar out of long flowers. The bufflehead uses its beak to eat plants and invertebrates that live in mud.