context
stringlengths 5
392k
| question
stringlengths 19
100
| answer
stringlengths 1
1.27k
|
---|---|---|
Richards began acting in 1974 . She appeared in 18 episodes of the television series Little House on the Prairie as Alicia Sanderson Edwards . Her sister , Kim , was also an actress . In the 1970s , Richards appeared on several television series and in a few horror films , including the cult classic Halloween ( 1978 ) . In 1980 , she appeared opposite Bette Davis and Lynn - Holly Johnson in The Watcher in the Woods . Most of her 1980s roles were minor , and included made - for - television , direct - to - video , or other video work . Subsequent roles included Nurse Dori in 21 episodes of ER ( 1998 -- 2006 ) and Lisa , a supporting character in National Lampoon 's Pledge This ! . She also appeared in The Simple Life and My New BFF . | who did kyle play in little house on the prairie | Alicia Sanderson Edwards |
An engineer ( American and Canadian ) , engine driver , train driver , loco pilot , motorman , train operator ( British and Commonwealth English ) , is a person who operates a train . The driver is in charge of , and responsible for driving the engine , as well as the mechanical operation of the train , train speed , and all train handling . The use of the term engineer to describe this occupation in North America should not be confused with the usual meanings of engineer . | who is the person that drives the train | engineer |
An engagement , betrothal , or fiancer is a promise to wed , and also the period of time between a marriage proposal and a marriage . During this period , a couple is said to be betrothed , intended , affianced , engaged to be married , or simply engaged . Future brides and grooms may be called the betrothed , a wife - to - be or husband - to - be , fiancée or fiancé ( from the French word of the same form ) , respectively . The duration of the courtship varies vastly , and is largely dependent on cultural norms or upon the agreement of the parties involved . | the person you are going to marry is called | the betrothed |
The flag of the United States of America , often referred to as the American flag , is the national flag of the United States . It consists of thirteen equal horizontal stripes of red ( top and bottom ) alternating with white , with a blue rectangle in the canton ( referred to specifically as the `` union '' ) bearing fifty small , white , five - pointed stars arranged in nine offset horizontal rows , where rows of six stars ( top and bottom ) alternate with rows of five stars . The 50 stars on the flag represent the 50 states of the United States of America , and the 13 stripes represent the thirteen British colonies that declared independence from the Kingdom of Great Britain , and became the first states in the U.S. Nicknames for the flag include The Stars and Stripes , Old Glory , and The Star - Spangled Banner . | what does the lines on the us flag mean | the thirteen British colonies that declared independence from the Kingdom of Great Britain , and became the first states in the U.S. |
The long bones are those that are longer than they are wide . They are one of five types of bones : long , short , flat , irregular and sesamoid . Long bones , especially the femur and tibia , are subjected to most of the load during daily activities and they are crucial for skeletal mobility . They grow primarily by elongation of the diaphysis , with an epiphysis at each end of the growing bone . The ends of epiphyses are covered with hyaline cartilage ( `` articular cartilage '' ) . The longitudinal growth of long bones is a result of endochondral ossification at the epiphyseal plate . Bone growth in length is stimulated by the production of growth hormone ( GH ) , a secretion of the anterior lobe of the pituitary gland . | where is articular cartilage of a long bone found | The ends of epiphyses |
G phase is a period of rapid cell growth and protein synthesis during which the cell prepares itself for mitosis . Curiously , G phase is not a necessary part of the cell cycle , as some cell types ( particularly young Xenopus embryos and some cancers ) proceed directly from DNA replication to mitosis . Though much is known about the genetic network which regulates G2 phase and subsequent entry into mitosis , there is still much to be discovered concerning its significance and regulation , particularly in regards to cancer . One hypothesis is that the growth in G phase is regulated as a method of cell size control . Fission yeast ( Schizosaccharomyces pombe ) has been previously shown to employ such a mechanism , via Cdr2 - mediated spatial regulation of Wee1 activity . Though Wee1 is a fairly conserved negative regulator of mitotic entry , no general mechanism of cell size control in G2 has yet been elucidated . | what does g2 do in the cell cycle | rapid cell growth and protein synthesis |
The Wilcoxon signed - rank test is a non-parametric statistical hypothesis test used to compare two related samples , matched samples , or repeated measurements on a single sample to assess whether their population mean ranks differ ( i.e. it is a paired difference test ) . It can be used as an alternative to the paired Student 's t - test , t - test for matched pairs , or the t - test for dependent samples when the population can not be assumed to be normally distributed . A Wilcoxon signed - rank test is a nonparametric test that can be used to determine whether two dependent samples were selected from populations having the same distribution . | what does the wilcoxon signed rank test measure | two related samples , matched samples , or repeated measurements on a single sample to assess whether their population mean ranks differ ( i.e. it is a paired difference test ) |
Winds within high - pressure areas flow outward from the higher pressure areas near their centers towards the lower pressure areas further from their centers . Gravity adds to the forces causing this general movement , because the higher pressure compresses the column of air near the center of the area into greater density -- and so greater weight compared to lower pressure , lower density , and lower weight of the air outside the center . | the general surface wind circulation associated with the high-pressure center (h) is most likely | outward from the higher pressure areas near their centers |
`` Tears in Heaven '' is a song by Eric Clapton and Will Jennings , from the 1991 Rush film soundtrack . The song was written about the pain and loss Clapton felt following the death of his 4 - year - old son , Conor . In an interview with Sue Lawley in 1992 , Clapton said of the song , `` There is a song that I 've written for a movie , but in actual fact it was in the back of my head but it did n't really have a reason for being until I was scoring this movie which I did a little while ago and then it sort of had a reason to be . And it is a little ambiguous because it could be taken to be about Conor but it also is meant to be part of the film . '' Conor fell from a window of a 53rd - floor New York apartment owned by his mother 's friend on March 20 , 1991 . Clapton arrived at the apartment shortly after the accident . | who did eric clapton write tears in heaven for | 4 - year - old son , Conor |
American public opinion blamed the violence on British interference in American affairs through financial and munitions support for the Indians . This led to a further deterioration of relations with Britain and was a catalyst of the War of 1812 , which began six months later . By the time the US declared war on the United Kingdom in June 1812 , Tecumseh 's confederacy was ready to launch its war against the United States in alliance with the British . In preparation , the Natives soon rebuilt Prophetstown . Frontier violence in the region would continue until well after the War of 1812 , although Tecumseh was killed in 1813 during the Battle of the Thames . | what was one effect of the battle of tippecanoe in 1811 | a catalyst of the War of 1812 |
In 1921 , the Parliament of Canada first created a summary conviction offence for drinking and driving , called `` driving while intoxicated '' . At the time , the courts interpreted intoxication to mean substantial inebriation , and more than just being under the influence of alcohol . The minimum penalty for the first offence was seven days in jail . The minimum penalty for the second offence was one month in jail . The minimum penalty for a third offence was three months in jail . | when did drinking and driving become illegal in canada | 1921 |
There was an extensive maritime trade network operating between the Harappan and Mesopotamian civilizations as early as the middle Harappan Phase ( 2600 - 1900 BCE ) , with much commerce being handled by `` middlemen merchants from Dilmun '' ( modern Bahrain and Failaka located in the Persian Gulf ) . Such long - distance sea trade became feasible with the development of plank - built watercraft , equipped with a single central mast supporting a sail of woven rushes or cloth . | when did the indian ocean trade route began | as early as the middle Harappan Phase ( 2600 - 1900 BCE ) |
Jane Morgan ( portrayed by Ella Jonas Farlinger ) is Ethan 's younger , 9 - year - old sister . She has her own strange view of the world around her . Jane knows about Ethan 's , Benny 's , Sarah 's , Rory 's and Erica 's supernatural abilities and keeps the secret , often helping along when they are in dangerous situations . She usually gets her way by blackmailing Ethan , threatening to tell their parents about all of Ethan , Benny , and Sarah 's secret adventures . Although she is manipulative , she cares for Ethan and shares a friendly and easy relationship with Benny . Jane seems to have certain limited abilities to cast spells ; She once used one of Benny 's spells to bring one of her dolls to life and gets her parents and others turned into little dolls after being touched by Jane 's doll , prompting Ethan , Benny and Sarah to come to the rescue and turn everyone back to normal again . | my babysitter's a vampire cast little sister | Jane Morgan |
Annika Marks as Monte Porter ( season 2 - present ) , the principal at Anchor Beach Community Charter School . An attractive , personable professional woman , Monte wants to focus on administration , budget and finance , giving Lena control over student curriculum . Bianca A. Santos as Lexi Rivera ( season 1 , season 3 ) : Mariana 's best friend and Jesus ' ex-girlfriend who moves to Honduras in `` Honeymoon '' . She is also an undocumented immigrant . Jordan Rodrigues as Mat ( season 2 - present ) : A guitarist in Lou 's band . Mariana has a small crush on him and they soon begin a relationship together . Alex Saxon as Wyatt ( season 1 - present ) : Callie 's friend and on - again , off - again boyfriend . In `` I Do '' Wyatt reveals that his mother is moving him to Indiana to live with his grandmother . He returns in `` Metropolis '' and resumes his relationship with Callie . Madisen Beaty as Talya Banks ( season 1 , season 3 ) : Brandon 's girlfriend in the beginning of the series before the two broke up . Brandon broke up with her due to her intense jealousy over Callie . After this , she remains Callie 's enemy . Alexandra Barreto as Ana Gutierrez ( season 1 - present ) : Mariana and Jesus ' biological mother . She is a drug addict , and repeatedly tries to manipulate Mariana into giving her money to support her addiction . She even suggests that Mariana steal something from her parents in order to obtain more money for herself . Mike helps her to finally become sober and it is later revealed that she is pregnant and hopes to be a better mother than she was to Mariana and Jesus . April Parker Jones as Captain Roberts ( season 1 , season 4 ) : Stef and Mike 's boss . Anne Winters as Kelsey ( season 1 ) : A girl who is sent to a rehab after having problems with drugs . She is a friend of Mariana 's , and after coming back from rehab , becomes her enemy because they both liked the same guy . Brandon W. Jones as Liam Olmstead ( season 1 - present ) : A boy from one of Callie 's previous foster homes . Liam raped Callie while she was living with his family as a foster child and lied that she came onto him , resulting in her and Jude being forced out of the home . Justina Machado as Sofia `` Sophia '' Rivera ( season 1 ) : Lexi 's protective and religious mother . Despite being religious , she and her husband support the LGBT community . Carlos Sanz as Ernesto Rivera ( season 1 ) : Sofia 's husband and Lexi 's father . Gavin MacIntosh as Connor Stevens ( season 1 - season 3 ) : Jude 's classmate , best friend and , later , love interest , who accepts Jude as he is and encourages him to express his true personality . In season two , he informs Jude that his dad thinks Jude is gay and does n't want him to spend time with Jude anymore because of it . Despite pressure from his dad , the two were able to maintain a friendship together . Later , it 's revealed that the two boys kissed while on a school camping trip in their shared tent together , a moment they have ignored ever since . As their friendship continues to evolve , their relationship becomes complicated . In the episode `` Now Hear This '' , they kiss on - screen for the first time and at the end of the next episode , Connor is shot in the foot and , in the next episode , officially comes out to his father and Jude . After finally being able to see Jude , they begin to officially date . In the mid-season 3 finale , Connor decides to move to Los Angeles to live with his mother due to his father 's continuing homophobia and inability to accept him . Though both are heartbroken , Connor and Jude agree to maintain a long - distance relationship and profess their love for each other for the first time . Amanda Leighton as Emma ( season 1 - present ) : A girl on Jesus ' wrestling team who is known to be independent , semi-bossy and tom - boyish . She is a love interest for Jesus and the two began dating , but broke up due to her bossiness in their relationship . Julian De La Celle as Zac Rogers ( season 1 ) : A boy who worked on the school play with Mariana and was her first boyfriend . They dated until he had to move away to live with his dad when his mother was diagnosed with early on Alzheimer 's . Garrett Clayton as Chase ( season 1 , season 3 ) : Mariana 's former love interest and star of the high school play . Jay Ali as Timothy ( season 1 - present ) : Callie 's and Talya 's literature teacher . They call him by his first name . He was Stef and Lenas ' new baby 's biological father before the baby died due to pregnancy complications . Mary Mouser as Sarah ( season 1 - 2 ) : A foster child in Callie 's foster child support group who was staying with Liam and his family . Callie became worried for her safety upon learning Liam was with her . She was then taken out of Liam 's home after Callie confessed to Lena and Stef about Liam assaulting her . Sam McMurray as Frank Elkin ( season 1 ) : Stef 's late father , who struggled to accept Stef 's relationship with Lena . He dies in `` Family Day '' , deeply affecting Stef who regretted never making amends with him . Annie Potts as Sharon Elkin ( season 1 - present ) : Stef 's supportive mother and ex-wife of Frank . Lorraine Toussaint as Dana Adams ( season 1 - present ) : Lena 's mother who is oblivious to Lena 's biracial struggles . The two have something of a rocky relationship , due to Dana not seeing Lena as a `` real '' African American woman , but Dana is there for Lena when she needs it . Stephen Collins / Bruce Davison as Reverend Stuart Adams ( season 1 - present ) : Lena 's father . Daffany Clark as Daphne ( season 1 - present ) : A girl in Callie 's group home who becomes one of her best friends . She has a young daughter who she intends to get back one day . Rosie O'Donnell as Rita Hendricks ( season 1 - present ) : A leader of a group home who befriends Callie . Tom Phelan as Cole ( season 1 - present ) : A transgender boy in Callie 's group home . Cherinda Kincherlow as Kiara ( season 1 - present ) : Callie 's roommate as well as house sponsor while Callie is at Girls United . She offers Callie advice on how to survive at Girls United . Marla Sokoloff as Dani ( season 1 - 2 ) : Mike 's girlfriend and recovering alcoholic . She wants to help Brandon out in his daily struggles , even supporting his relationship with Callie until she breaks up with him . After she and Mike break up , she ends up having sex with a drunken Brandon . After this , she later gets back together with Mike . Despite trying to convince him to keep their one night stand a secret , Brandon confesses about having sex with her , therefore getting Dani arrested for statutory rape . Romy Rosemont as Amanda Rogers ( season 1 ) : Zac 's mother who suffers from Early - onset Alzheimer 's disease . Reiley McClendon as Vico ( season 1 - 2 ) : A boy on the wrestling team that brings Brandon in on the fake ID 's . After Brandon scares away all of his customers , he seeks revenge by jumping Brandon at night and breaking his hand . He is now attending military school and is on probation . Caitlin Carver as Hayley Heinz ( season 2 - present ) : A dancer with Mariana on the dance team who has a secret relationship with Jesus before being dumped by him . Kerr Smith as Robert Quinn ( season 2 - present ) : Callie 's biological father . He grows attached to Callie after getting to know her and , despite promising to hand her over to the Fosters , finds himself unable to give her up . He soon refuses to sign his abandonment papers , devastating Callie . Bailee Madison as Sophia Quinn ( season 2 - present ) : Robert Quinn 's other daughter and Callie biological paternal half - sister , who wants to meet her . They develop a close relationship . In the summer finale , she reveals that when Robert tried to send the adoption papers , she ripped them up and threw them out so Callie could n't get adopted . After an upset Callie yells at Sophia , calling her a `` spoiled little brat '' , Sophia locks herself in the bathroom in tears . Ashley Argota as Lou ( season 2 - present ) : An attractive singer in whom Brandon takes an interest . | who plays callie jacobs half sister on the fosters | Bailee Madison |
Aerobic metabolism is up to 15 times more efficient than anaerobic metabolism ( which yields 2 molecules ATP per 1 molecule glucose ) . However some anaerobic organisms , such as methanogens are able to continue with anaerobic respiration , yielding more ATP by using other inorganic molecules ( not oxygen ) as final electron acceptors in the electron transport chain . They share the initial pathway of glycolysis but aerobic metabolism continues with the Krebs cycle and oxidative phosphorylation . The post-glycolytic reactions take place in the mitochondria in eukaryotic cells , and in the cytoplasm in prokaryotic cells . | what is the final electron acceptor in the electron transport chain of cellular respiration | other inorganic molecules |
The National Hockey League ( NHL ) is a major professional ice hockey league which operates in Canada and the United States . Since its inception in 1917 -- 18 , 313 players have played at least 1,000 regular season games , varying in amounts between Gordie Howe 's 1,767 to Bernie Federko and Henrik Zetterberg 's 1,000 . Of these players , a number have been inducted into the Hockey Hall of Fame . | who has played the longest in the nhl | Gordie Howe |
The Piney Woods is a temperate coniferous forest terrestrial ecoregion in the Southern United States covering 54,400 square miles ( 141,000 km ) of East Texas , southern Arkansas , western Louisiana , and southeastern Oklahoma . These coniferous forests are dominated by several species of pine as well as hardwoods including hickory and oak . Historically the most dense part of this forest region was the Big Thicket though the lumber industry dramatically reduced the forest concentration in this area and throughout the Piney Woods during the 19th and 20th centuries . The World Wide Fund for Nature considers the Piney Woods to be one of the critically endangered ecoregions of the United States . The United States Environmental Protection Agency ( EPA ) defines most of this ecoregion as the South Central Plains . | where are the piney woods located in texas | East Texas |
The novel spans a period of 10 to 15 years and details the lives of Tom and Maggie Tulliver , siblings growing up at Dorlcote Mill on the River Floss at its junction with the more minor River Ripple near the village of St. Ogg 's in Lincolnshire , England . Both the river and the village are fictional . | mill on the floss by george eliot summary | The novel spans a period of 10 to 15 years and details the lives of Tom and Maggie Tulliver , siblings growing up at Dorlcote Mill on the River Floss at its junction with the more minor River Ripple near the village of St. Ogg 's in Lincolnshire , England . Both the river and the village are fictional . |
Ethan Suplee ( born May 25 , 1976 ) is an American film and television actor best known for his roles as Seth Ryan in American History X , Louie Lastik in Remember the Titans , Frankie in Boy Meets World , Randy Hickey in My Name Is Earl , Toby in The Wolf of Wall Street , and his roles in Kevin Smith films . | who played randy on my name is earl | Ethan Suplee |
Owner Station Casinos | who owns the palm hotel in las vegas | Station Casinos |
Strains of the bacterium Bacillus thuringiensis produce over 200 different Bt toxins , each harmful to different insects . Most notably , Bt toxins are insecticidal to the larvae of moths and butterflies , beetles , cotton bollworms and ghtu flies but are harmless to other forms of life . The gene coding for Bt toxin has been inserted into cotton as a transgene , causing it to produce this natural insecticide in its tissues . In many regions , the main pests in commercial cotton are lepidopteran larvae , which are killed by the Bt protein in the genetically modified cotton they eat . This eliminates the need to use large amounts of broad - spectrum insecticides to kill lepidopteran pests ( some of which have developed pyrethroid resistance ) . This spares natural insect predators in the farm ecology and further contributes to noninsecticide pest management . | bt-cotton is genetically engineered by inserting a gene from a | Bt toxin |
Richard Webber , M.D. is a fictional character from the ABC medical drama television series Grey 's Anatomy . The character is portrayed by actor James Pickens , Jr. , and was created by Shonda Rhimes . He was previously the Chief of Surgery at Seattle Grace Mercy West Hospital for 11 years , and was replaced by Owen Hunt ( Kevin McKidd ) . | who has been chief of surgery on grey's | Richard Webber |
The Second Battle of Panipat was fought on November 5 , 1556 , between the forces of Hemu , the Hindu general and Chief Minister of Adil Shah Suri , and the army of the Mughal emperor , Akbar . Hemu had conquered Delhi a month earlier by defeating the Mughals led by Tardi Beg Khan at the Battle of Delhi and proclaimed himself Raja Vikramaditya . Akbar and his guardian , Bairam Khan , had immediately marched to Delhi to reclaim the city . The two armies clashed at Panipat not far from the site of the First Battle of Panipat of 1526 . | when and between whom was the second battle of panipath fought | November 5 , 1556 , between the forces of Hemu , the Hindu general and Chief Minister of Adil Shah Suri , and the army of the Mughal emperor , Akbar |
Augustine Volcano Highest point Elevation 4,134 ft ( 1,260 m ) Prominence 1,260 metres ( 4,130 ft ) Listing List of volcanoes in the United States Coordinates 59 ° 21 ′ 48 '' N 153 ° 26 ′ 00 '' W / 59.36333 ° N 153.43333 ° W / 59.36333 ; - 153.43333 Coordinates : 59 ° 21 ′ 48 '' N 153 ° 26 ′ 00 '' W / 59.36333 ° N 153.43333 ° W / 59.36333 ; - 153.43333 Geography Augustine Volcano Cook Inlet , Alaska , U.S. Topo map USGS Iliamna B - 2 Geology Age of rock more than 40,000 years Mountain type Lava domes Volcanic arc Aleutian Arc Last eruption 2005 to 2006 | when was the last time augustine volcano erupted | 2005 to 2006 |
Hank : Hank is the main character and narrator of each story in the Hank the Cowdog adventures . Hank is the only character to appear in every single story in the series . Hank claims to be a `` purebred top - of - the - line blue - ribbon cowdog '' but is in fact most likely a mutt . He styles himself as the `` Head of Ranch Security '' and conducts security sweeps and nightly patrols . However his real task is to serve as the assistant to Slim and Loper in herding cattle . Hank has a superiority complex which causes him to have an inflated sense of his own intelligence , strength , courage and attractiveness . As a result of this , Hank frequently finds himself in sticky situations , usually of his own creation . Much of the humor of the series comes from Hank as narrator shamelessly attempting to make himself seem more competent with hindsight than he really was , but the reader is rarely fooled . Despite his flaws Hank is deeply loyal to his family and the ranch community and usually rises to the occasion at the moment of true crisis . The dog is based on an Australian Shepherd named Hank that was owned by a neighbor of Erickson 's when he was managing a ranch in Oklahoma . The neighbor wanted to use the dog to help with the cattle but the dog was not trained and proved a hassle . | what kind of dog is hank the cow dog | mutt |
`` Amie '' is a song recorded by the American soft rock group Pure Prairie League . It was released in 1973 as their debut single , but did not chart on the Billboard Hot 100 until 1975 . | who sang amy what you going to do | Pure Prairie League |
Pattadakal became , along with nearby Aihole and Badami , a major cultural center and religious site for innovations in architecture and experimentation of ideas . The rule of the Gupta Empire during the 5th century brought about a period of political stability , during which Aihole became a locus of scholarship . The experimentations in architecture extended into Badami over the course of the next two centuries . This culture of learning encompassed Pattadakal in the 7th century which became a nexus where ideas from northern and southern India fused . It was during this latter period that the Chalukya empire constructed many of the temples in Aihole - Badami - Pattadakal region . | who built the temples at aihole badami and pattadakal | the Chalukya empire |
Date Time Opponent Rank Site TV Result Attendance September 2 12 : 00 p.m. Bowling Green * Spartan Stadium East Lansing , MI ESPNU W 35 -- 10 71,202 September 9 3 : 30 p.m. Western Michigan * Spartan Stadium East Lansing , MI BTN W 28 -- 14 72,910 September 23 8 : 00 p.m. Notre Dame * Spartan Stadium East Lansing , MI ( Rivalry ) FOX L 18 -- 38 74,023 September 30 3 : 30 p.m. Iowa Spartan Stadium East Lansing , MI FOX W 17 -- 10 73,331 October 7 7 : 30 p.m. at No. 7 Michigan Michigan Stadium Ann Arbor , MI ( Rivalry ) ABC W 14 -- 10 112,432 October 14 8 : 00 p.m. at Minnesota No. 21 TCF Bank Stadium Minneapolis , MN BTN W 30 -- 27 47,541 October 21 3 : 30 p.m. Indiana No. 18 Spartan Stadium East Lansing , MI ( Rivalry ) ABC W 17 -- 9 74,111 October 28 3 : 30 p.m. at Northwestern No. 16 Ryan Field Evanston , IL ESPN L 31 -- 39 39,369 November 4 12 : 00 p.m. No. 7 Penn State No. 24 Spartan Stadium East Lansing , MI ( Rivalry ) FOX W 27 -- 24 71,605 November 11 12 : 00 p.m. at No. 11 Ohio State No. 13 Ohio Stadium Columbus , OH FOX L 3 -- 48 107,011 November 18 4 : 00 p.m. Maryland No. 22 Spartans Stadium East Lansing , MI FOX W 17 -- 7 70,216 November 25 4 : 00 p.m. at Rutgers No. 21 High Point Solutions Stadium Piscataway , NJ FOX W 40 -- 7 35,021 December 28 9 : 00 p.m. vs. No. 21 Washington State No. 18 Qualcomm Stadium San Diego , CA ( Holiday Bowl ) FS1 W 42 -- 17 47,092 * Non-conference game . Homecoming . Rankings from AP Poll released prior to game . All times are in Eastern Time . | who did michigan state lose to in 2017 | Notre Dame |
Dart frogs are the focus of major phylogenetic studies , and undergo taxonomic changes frequently . The family Dendrobatidae was revised taxonomically in 2006 and contains 13 genera , with about 170 species . | how many types of poison dart frogs are there | about 170 species |
Toy Story was released in theaters on November 22 , 1995 , and was the highest - grossing film on its opening weekend , earning over $373 million at the worldwide box office . The film was positively reviewed by critics and audiences , who praised the animation 's technical innovation , the wit and thematic sophistication of the screenplay , and the vocal performances of Hanks and Allen . It is considered by many critics to be one of the best animated films ever made . The film received three Academy Award nominations , including Best Original Screenplay , Best Original Score , and Best Original Song for `` You 've Got a Friend in Me '' , as well as winning a Special Achievement Academy Award . It was inducted into the National Film Registry as being `` culturally , historically , or aesthetically significant '' in 2005 , its first year of eligibility . In addition to home media releases and theatrical re-releases , Toy Story - inspired material has run the gamut from toys , video games , theme park attractions , spin - offs , merchandise , and two sequels -- Toy Story 2 ( 1999 ) and Toy Story 3 ( 2010 ) -- both of which also garnered massive commercial success and critical acclaim , with a third sequel , Toy Story 4 , slated for a 2019 release . | when did the original toy story come out | November 22 , 1995 |
No . Title Writer ( s ) Original Artist Length 1 . `` Love 's Gonna Live Here '' ( with Dwight Yoakam ) Buck Owens Buck Owens 2 : 44 2 . `` Walk Through This World with Me '' ( with George Jones ) Kaye Jean Savage , Sandra M. Seamons George Jones 2 : 32 3 . `` I 'd Love to Lay You Down '' Fred Aylor MacRae Conway Twitty 3 : 09 4 . `` A-11 '' Hank Cochran Johnny Paycheck 2 : 40 5 . `` Long Black Veil '' Marijohn Wilkin , Danny Dill Lefty Frizzell 3 : 23 6 . `` Kay '' ( with John Wesley Ryles ) Hank Mills John Wesley Ryles 3 : 34 7 . `` That 's Why I Sing This Way '' Max D. Barnes Daryle Singletary 2 : 56 8 . `` I Never Go Around Mirrors ( I 've Got a Heartache to Hide ) '' Lefty Frizzell , Sanger D. Shafer Lefty Frizzell 4 : 30 9 . `` Dim Lights , Thick Smoke ( And Loud , Loud Music ) '' Max M. Fidler , Joe Maphis , Rose Lee Maphis Joe & Rose Lee Maphis 3 : 58 10 . `` Makeup and Faded Blue Jeans '' ( with Merle Haggard ) Merle Haggard Merle Haggard 3 : 45 11 . `` After the Fire Is Gone '' ( with Rhonda Vincent ) L.E. White Conway Twitty and Loretta Lynn 2 : 51 12 . `` Old Violin '' ( with Johnny Paycheck ) Johnny Paycheck Johnny Paycheck 3 : 29 | who wrote that's why i sing this way | Max D. Barnes |
`` One Step Further '' , written by Simon Jefferis , was the United Kingdom 's entry at the Eurovision Song Contest 1982 , performed by the duo Bardo , comprising Sally Ann Triplett and Stephen Fischer . | who sang one step further and i would have been there | the duo Bardo , comprising Sally Ann Triplett and Stephen Fischer |
Wendy Rosenberg Makkena ( born October 4 , 1958 ) is an American actress . | who played kate todd's sister on ncis | Wendy Rosenberg Makkena |
The Conch Republic is a micronation declared as a tongue - in - cheek secession of the city of Key West , Florida , from the United States on April 23 , 1982 . It has been maintained as a tourism booster for the city since . Since then , the term `` Conch Republic '' has been expanded to refer to `` all of the Florida Keys , or , that geographic apportionment of land that falls within the legally defined boundaries of Monroe County , Florida , northward to ' Skeeter 's Last Chance Saloon ' in Florida City , Dade County , Florida , with Key West as the nation 's capital and all territories north of Key West being referred to as ' The Northern Territories ' '' . | town in florida seceded and immediately applied for foreign aid | The Conch Republic |
The Real Housewives of New York City ( abbreviated RHONY ) is an American reality television series that premiered on March 4 , 2008 on Bravo . Developed as the second installment of The Real Housewives franchise , following The Real Housewives of Orange County , it is currently in its ninth season and focuses on the personal and professional lives of several women residing in New York City . | where do the real housewives of new york city live | New York City |
After the Anglo - Saxon period , Britain was used as a historical term only . Geoffrey of Monmouth in his pseudohistorical Historia Regum Britanniae ( c. 1136 ) refers to the island as Britannia major ( `` Greater Britain '' ) , to distinguish it from Britannia minor ( `` Lesser Britain '' ) , the continental region which approximates to modern Brittany , which had been settled in the fifth and sixth centuries by migrants from Britain . The term Great Britain was first used officially in 1474 , in the instrument drawing up the proposal for a marriage between Cecily the daughter of Edward IV of England , and James the son of James III of Scotland , which described it as `` this Nobill Isle , callit Gret Britanee '' . It was used again in 1604 , when King James VI and I styled himself `` King of Great Brittaine , France and Ireland '' . | when did the term great britain come into use | 1474 |
Name of Countries Unemployment rate ( % ) Source / date of information Afghanistan 35.0 2008 Albania 14.2 2016 ( Q3 ) Algeria 11.2 2015 ( September ) American Samoa ( United States ) 49.9 2011 ( April ) Andorra 2.9 2013 Anguilla ( United Kingdom ) 7.8 2013 ( July ) Antigua and Barbuda 11.0 2014 Argentina 8.7 2017 ( Q2 ) Armenia 18.5 2015 Aruba ( Netherlands ) 15.7 2012 Australia 5.8 2017 ( February ) Austria 8.6 2016 ( October ) Azerbaijan 6.4 2016 Bahrain 4.1 2014 Bangladesh 4.9 2016 Barbados 11.0 2016 ( Q2 ) Belarus 0.7 2014 Belgium 7.6 2016 ( December ) Belize 12.9 2014 Bermuda 9.0 2014 Bhutan 2.6 2014 Bolivia 7.4 2015 Bosnia and Herzegovina 20.5 2017 Botswana 20.0 2013 Brazil 13.1 2017 ( June ) British Virgin Islands ( United Kingdom ) 3.1 2007 Brunei 6.9 2014 Bulgaria 7.7 2016 ( August ) Burma 4.8 2016 Cambodia 0.5 2015 Cameroon 4.4 ( underemployment -- 75.8 ) 30.0 ( CIA estimate ) 2005 Canada 6.6 2017 ( February ) Cape Verde 15.8 2014 Cayman Islands ( United Kingdom ) 4.2 fall 2016 Central African Republic 8.0 Chad 22.6 2006 Chile 5.9 2015 ( March ) China , People 's Republic of 4.1 2015 Cocos ( Keeling ) Islands ( Australia ) 6.7 2011 Colombia 8.9 2015 ( March ) Comoros 6.5 2014 Cook Islands 13.1 2005 Costa Rica 9.7 2014 ( December ) Croatia 10.8 2017 ( July ) Cuba 3.3 2014 Cyprus 12.0 2016 ( September ) Czech Republic 5.2 2016 ( June ) Denmark 5.8 ( 4.3 ) 2016 ( March ) by Eurostat ( 2017 ( July ) by Statistics Denmark ) Djibouti 60.0 2014 Dominica 23.0 2000 Dominican Republic 14.4 2010 ( April ) East Timor 20.0 2006 Ecuador 5.5 2016 Egypt 8.1 2013 ( Q2 ) El Salvador 5.5 2016 Equatorial Guinea 22.3 2009 Estonia 6.3 2016 ( February ) Europe 9.6 2016 Faroe Islands ( Denmark ) 2.2 2017 ( August ) Fiji 8.6 2007 Finland 7.9 2016 ( December ) France 9.6 2016 ( December ) French Polynesia ( France ) 11.7 2007 Gabon 28.0 2015 Gaza Strip ( Palestinian territories ) 41.5 2015 ( Q2 ) Georgia 11.8 2016 Germany 3.7 2017 ( August ) Ghana 3.6 2008 ( September ) Gibraltar ( United Kingdom ) 1.8 2011 Greece 21.2 2017 ( June ) Greenland ( Denmark ) 7.8 2009 Grenada 24.5 2009 ( June ) Guam ( United States ) 7.4 2014 ( March ) Guatemala 2.9 2014 Guernsey ( United Kingdom ) 1.5 2010 ( Q2 ) Guyana 9.0 2009 ( July ) Honduras 3.9 2016 Hong Kong ( People 's Republic of China ) 3.3 2014 ( October -- December ) Hungary 4.2 2017 ( May - July ) Iceland 2.8 2016 ( December ) India 3.4 2017 ( January ) Indonesia 5.33 2017 ( February ) Iran 10.7 2016 Iraq 16.0 2012 Ireland 6.2 2017 ( April ) Isle of Man 1.8 2010 ( August ) Israel 4.1 2017 ( June ) Italy 11.6 2016 ( October ) Jamaica 13.8 2016 Japan 3.0 2016 ( July ) Jersey ( United Kingdom ) 2.7 2009 ( July ) Jordan 11.1 2014 Kazakhstan 6.1 2010 ( May ) Kenya 42.0 2009 Kiribati 38.2 2006 Kosovo 27.5 2016 ( Q3 ) Kuwait 3.0 2016 Kyrgyzstan 8.0 2013 Laos 1.4 2013 Latvia 9.8 2015 ( Q4 ) Lebanon 10.0 2009 ( July ) Lesotho 28.1 2014 Libya 13.0 2005 ( May ) Liechtenstein 2.3 2012 Lithuania 9.2 2016 ( March ) Luxembourg 6.5 2016 ( March ) Macau ( People 's Republic of China ) 1.9 2013 Macedonia 22.9 2017 ( Q1 ) Malaysia 3.5 2017 ( March ) Mali 30.0 2015 Malta 5.2 2015 ( December ) Marshall Islands 36.0 2006 Mauritania 31.0 2013 Mauritius 7.8 2016 Mayotte ( France ) 25.4 2005 Mexico 3.7 2016 ( December ) Federated States of Micronesia 22.0 2000 Moldova 4.2 2015 ( Q4 ) Monaco 2.0 2012 Mongolia 7.7 2014 Montenegro 18.3 2016 ( March ) Montserrat ( United Kingdom ) 6.0 1998 Morocco 10.7 2017 ( Q1 ) Mozambique 17.0 2007 Namibia 28.1 2014 Nauru 23.0 2011 Nepal 3.3 2008 Netherlands 4.7 2017 ( August ) Netherlands Antilles ( Netherlands ) 10.0 2008 New Caledonia ( France ) 17.1 New Zealand 5.1 2016 ( June quarter ) Nicaragua 6.0 2014 Nigeria 13.9 2016 ( Q3 ) North Korea 25.6 2013 Northern Mariana Islands ( United States ) 11.2 Norway 4.8 2016 ( September ) Niue 10.7 2006 Pakistan 6.7 2016 Palau 4.2 2005 Panama 4.5 2015 Papua New Guinea 1.9 2008 Paraguay 6.2 2016 Peru 6.1 2015 ( August ) Philippines 5.6 2015 ( October ) Poland 4.8 2017 ( June ) Portugal 10.2 2016 ( December ) Puerto Rico ( United States ) 13.7 2014 ( December ) Qatar 0.4 2015 Romania 6.4 2016 ( March ) Russia 6.0 2016 ( March ) Rwanda 13.2 2017 ( May ) Saint Helena ( United Kingdom ) 14.0 1998 Saint Kitts and Nevis 5.1 2006 Saint Lucia 15.7 2006 Saint Pierre and Miquelon ( France ) 9.9 2008 Saint Vincent and the Grenadines 18.0 2009 ( June ) San Marino 8.7 2014 Saudi Arabia 12.8 2017 ( Q2 ) Senegal 48.0 ( 30.0 among adults aged 24 and under ) 2007 Serbia 13.0 2016 Sierra Leone 8.6 2015 Singapore 2.2 2017 ( Q2 ) Slovakia 8.8 2016 ( November ) Slovenia 7.1 2017 ( July ) South Africa 26.5 2016 ( Q4 ) South Korea 4.9 2016 ( February ) Spain 17.2 2017 ( July ) Sri Lanka 4.2 2012 ( Q1 ) Sudan 13.6 2014 Suriname 8.9 2014 Swaziland 40.6 2007 Sweden 6.1 2016 ( September ) Switzerland 5.2 2017 ( March ) Syria 40.0 2014 Taiwan 3.9 2016 ( April ) Tajikistan 2.4 2015 ( March ) Thailand 0.9 2014 ( May ) The Bahamas 15.0 2014 Tonga 6.5 2011 Trinidad and Tobago 3.7 2013 ( Q1 ) Tunisia 15.2 2014 Turkey 11.8 2016 ( October ) Turkmenistan 3.5 2013 ( November ) Turks and Caicos Islands 5.4 2007 Ukraine 9.9 2015 ( Q4 ) United Arab Emirates 4.3 United Kingdom 4.3 2017 ( August ) United States 4.4 ( 8.6 ) 2017 ( June ) Uruguay 9.0 2017 ( March ) Uzbekistan 8.0 2008 ( December ) Vanuatu 4.6 2009 Venezuela 25.3 2017 Vietnam 3.4 2014 U.S. Virgin Islands ( United States ) 12.3 2014 ( December ) Wallis and Futuna ( France ) 12.2 2008 West Bank ( Palestinian territories ) 15.4 2015 ( Q2 ) Yemen 35.0 2009 ( June ) Zambia 15.0 2008 Zimbabwe 95.0 2009 | country with the lowest unemployment rate in the world | Cambodia |
In a then atypical and controversial move for a new Disney animated film , The Little Mermaid was released as part of the Walt Disney Classics line of VHS and Laserdisc home video releases in May 1990 , six months after the release of the film . Before Mermaid , only a select number of Disney 's catalog animated films had been released to home video , as the company was afraid of upsetting its profitable practice of theatrically reissuing each film every seven years . Mermaid became that year 's top - selling title on home video , with over 10 million units sold ( including 7 million in its first month ) . This success led future Disney films to be released soon after the end of their theatrical runs , rather than delayed for several years . | when was the little mermaid released on vhs | May 1990 |
Volcán de Colima Volcán de Colima is on the left with Nevado de Colima on the right . Highest point Elevation 3820 + m ( 12,533 + ft ) Prominence 600 m ( 2,000 ft ) Listing North America highest peak 60th North America prominent 25th North America isolated peak 46th Mexico highest major peaks Coordinates 19 ° 30 ′ 46 '' N 103 ° 37 ′ 02 '' W / 19.512727 ° N 103.617241 ° W / 19.512727 ; - 103.617241 Coordinates : 19 ° 30 ′ 46 '' N 103 ° 37 ′ 02 '' W / 19.512727 ° N 103.617241 ° W / 19.512727 ; - 103.617241 Geography Volcán de Colima Location in Mexico Location Jalisco / Colima , Mexico Parent range Trans - Mexican Volcanic Belt Geology Age of rock 5 million years Mountain type Stratovolcano Volcanic arc / belt Trans - Mexican Volcanic Belt Last eruption 2013 to 2018 ( ongoing ) | when was the last time the colima volcano erupted | 2013 to 2018 ( ongoing ) |
`` You Keep Me Hangin ' On '' is a 1966 song written and composed by Holland -- Dozier -- Holland . It first became a popular Billboard Hot 100 number one hit for the American Motown group the Supremes in late 1966 . The rock band Vanilla Fudge covered the song a year later and had a top ten hit with their version . British pop singer Kim Wilde covered `` You Keep Me Hangin ' On '' in 1986 , bumping it back to number one on the Billboard Hot 100 in June 1987 . The single reached number one by two different musical acts in America . In the first 32 years of the Billboard Hot 100 rock era , `` You Keep Me Hangin ' On '' became one of only six songs to achieve this feat . In 1996 , country music singer Reba McEntire 's version reached number 2 on the US Billboard Hot Dance Club Play chart . | who sang the song you keep me hanging on | the Supremes |
Jennifer Coolidge as Fiona , Sam 's stepmom | who plays the evil stepmother in a cinderella story | Jennifer Coolidge |
Starring Troian Bellisario Ashley Benson Holly Marie Combs Lucy Hale Ian Harding Bianca Lawson Laura Leighton Chad Lowe Shay Mitchell Sasha Pieterse | who was a in season 1 pretty little liars | Troian Bellisario |
Star Trek : Discovery is an American television series created for CBS All Access by Bryan Fuller and Alex Kurtzman . It is the first series developed specifically for that service , and the first Star Trek series since Star Trek : Enterprise concluded in 2005 . Set roughly a decade before the events of the original Star Trek series and separate from the timeline of the concurrently produced feature films , Discovery explores the Federation -- Klingon war while following the crew of the USS Discovery . Gretchen J. Berg and Aaron Harberts serve as showrunners on the series , with producing support from Akiva Goldsman . | when does star trek discovery fall in the timeline | Set roughly a decade before the events of the original Star Trek series and separate from the timeline of the concurrently produced feature films |
The river rises from several short headstreams in southern McLean County that arise from a glacial moraine southeast of Bloomington - Normal , Illinois . Part of the moraine is publicly owned as the Moraine View State Recreation Area . The river 's course forms a large arc through central Illinois , first flowing east into Champaign County , Illinois , south through Mahomet , then west through Monticello and Decatur , then turning northwest to flow along the north side of Springfield . It receives Salt Creek at 40 ° 7 ′ 33.24 '' N 89 ° 49 ′ 30.36 '' W / 40.1259000 ° N 89.8251000 ° W / 40.1259000 ; - 89.8251000 , approximately 25 miles ( 40 km ) north - northwest of Springfield ; then the river turns west , forming the southern boundary of Mason County with Menard and Cass counties . It joins the Illinois River from the east just north of Beardstown . | where does the sangamon river start and end | southeast of Bloomington - Normal , Illinois |
Media franchises that have grossed over $3 billion ( USD ) Franchise Year of inception Total revenue ( USD ) Revenue breakdown ( est. ) Original media Creator ( s ) Owner ( s ) Pokémon est . $85 billion Licensed merchandise -- $61.1 billion Video games -- $15.654 billion Card game -- $10.254 billion Manga sales -- $1.402 billion Anime box office -- $1.033 billion Home entertainment -- $863 million Video game Satoshi Tajiri Nintendo ( trademark ) The Pokémon Company ( Nintendo , Game Freak , Creatures ) ( copyright ) Hello Kitty est . $80 billion Merchandise sales -- $80 billion Manga magazine -- $23 million Music CD sales -- $3 million Cartoon Yuko Shimizu Shintaro Tsuji Sanrio Winnie the Pooh 1966 est . $75 billion Retail sales -- $74.515 billion DVD & Blu - ray -- $35 million Box office -- $427 million Animated cartoon Walt Disney Animation A.A. Milne E.H. Shepard The Walt Disney Company Mickey Mouse & Friends 1928 est . $70 billion Retail sales -- $69.85 billion VHS & DVD -- $279 million Box office -- $457.4 million Animated cartoon Walt Disney Ub Iwerks The Walt Disney Company Star Wars 1977 est . $65 billion Merchandise sales -- $40.294 billion Box office -- $9.491 billion Home video -- $9.002 billion Video games -- $4.858 billion Book sales -- $1.82 billion TV revenue -- $4.5 million Film George Lucas Lucasfilm ( The Walt Disney Company ) Anpanman 1973 est . $60 billion Retail sales -- $60.159 billion Box office -- $42.3 million Museum & mall -- $25.1 million Manga Takashi Yanase Froebel - kan Disney Princess 2000 est . $45 billion Retail sales -- $44.645 billion Animated series Andy Mooney The Walt Disney Company Mario 1981 est . $35 billion Video games -- $29.623 billion Licensed merchandise -- $4.323 billion Manga magazine -- $1.519 billion Box office -- $21 million Arcade game Shigeru Miyamoto Nintendo Shōnen Jump 1968 est . $34 billion Manga magazines -- $20.362 billion Manga volumes -- $13.126 billion Video games -- $217.3 million Manga Shueisha Shueisha ( Hitotsubashi Group ) ( manga ) Bandai Namco ( games ) Wizarding World / Harry Potter 1997 est . $30 billion Box office -- $8.538 billion Book sales -- $7.743 billion Merchandise sales -- $7.308 billion Home entertainment -- $3.958 billion Video games -- $1.555 billion TV revenue -- $1 billion Novel J.K. Rowling J.K. Rowling ( books ) Warner Bros. ( AT&T ) ( films ) Marvel Cinematic Universe 2008 est . $28 billion Box office -- $17.534 billion Merchandise sales -- $5.43 billion Home entertainment -- $5.084 billion Comic volumes -- $1 million Film Marvel Studios Marvel Entertainment ( The Walt Disney Company ) Spider - Man 1962 est . $25.6 billion Merchandise sales -- $14.805 billion Box office & home video -- $7.021 billion Video games -- $1.308 billion Comic sales -- $1.063 billion TV revenue -- $880 million Pachinko sales -- $308 million Broadway musical -- $212 million Comic book Stan Lee Steve Ditko Marvel Entertainment ( The Walt Disney Company ) ( comics ) Sony ( films ) Batman 1939 est . $25.2 billion Retail sales -- $20.178 billion Home video -- $1.212 billion Box office -- $4.994 billion TV revenue -- $40 million Comic book Bob Kane Bill Finger DC Entertainment ( AT&T ) Gundam 1979 est . $24.7 billion Retail sales -- $24.297 billion Video games -- $1.129 billion Home entertainment -- $887.2 million Manga magazine -- $200 million Pachinko sales -- $185 million Anime box office -- $55 million Anime Yoshiyuki Tomino Sunrise ( Bandai Namco Holdings ) Dragon Ball 1984 est . $22.3 billion Manga magazines -- $7.017 billion Merchandise sales -- $5.636 billion Video games -- $3.76 billion Manga volumes -- $3.02 billion Home entertainment -- $1.62 billion Trading card sales -- $961.3 million Box office -- $420.2 million Music sales -- $47 million Manga Akira Toriyama Bird Studio Shueisha ( Hitotsubashi Group ) ( manga ) Toei Animation ( anime ) Barbie est . $22.3 billion Merchandise sales -- $21.635 billion DVD & Blu - ray sales -- $660 million Box office -- $5.1 million Animated film Ruth Handler Mattel Cars 2006 est . $21.8 billion Merchandise sales -- $19.114 billion Box office -- $2.025 billion DVD & Blu - ray sales -- $653 million Animated film John Lasseter The Walt Disney Company Fist of the North Star est . $21 billion Pachinko & arcades -- $16.795 billion Manga magazine -- $2.508 billion Manga volumes -- $1.24 billion Console games -- $373 million Anime DVD & Blu - ray -- $37 million Licensed merchandise -- $26.2 million Anime box office -- $22 million Manga Buronson Tetsuo Hara Shueisha ( Hitotsubashi Group ) ( manga ) Toei Animation ( anime ) Sega Sammy Holdings ( games / pachinko ) Toy Story 1995 est . $20.2 billion Retail sales -- $17.6 billion VHS sales -- $290 million DVD & Blu - ray sales -- $249 million Box office & TV revenue -- $2.603 billion Animated film Pixar The Walt Disney Company James Bond 1953 est . $19.9 billion Box office -- $7.078 billion Home video sales -- $3.06 billion Merchandise & licensing -- $3.06 billion Book sales -- $550 million Novel Ian Fleming Metro - Goldwyn - Mayer Middle - earth / Lord of the Rings 1937 $19.9 billion Book sales -- $9.125 billion Box office -- $5.896 billion Home video sales -- $4.194 billion Merchandise sales -- $435 million Licensing -- $225 million Novel J.R.R. Tolkien Tolkien Estate ( books ) Warner Bros. ( AT&T ) ( films ) Yu - Gi - Oh ! est . $19.8 billion Card game -- $11.161 billion Merchandise sales -- $4.477 billion Manga magazine -- $3.643 billion Video games -- $273 million Manga volumes -- $196 million Anime box office -- $42 million Manga Kazuki Takahashi Shueisha ( Hitotsubashi Group ) One Piece 1997 est . $19.7 billion Manga magazine -- $8.507 billion Merchandise sales -- $5.593 billion Manga volumes -- $2.611 billion Video games -- $1.533 billion Home entertainment -- $1.038 billion Anime box office -- $377.1 million Manga Eiichiro Oda Shueisha ( Hitotsubashi Group ) Toei Animation Bandai Namco ( games ) Peanuts 1950 est . $17.4 billion Retail sales -- $17.143 billion Box office -- $250 million DVD & Blu - ray sales -- $35 million Comic strip Charles M. Schulz Sony Music Entertainment Japan ( Sony Corporation ) DHX Media Transformers 1984 est . $16.8 billion Retail sales -- $11.68 billion Box office -- $4.385 billion Home entertainment -- $740 million Animated series Takara Hasbro Nobuyuki Okude Hasbro Takara Tomy KochiKame 1976 est . $16.3 billion Manga magazine -- $15.447 billion Manga volumes -- $807 million Box office -- $10 million Manga Osamu Akimoto Shueisha ( Hitotsubashi Group ) Neon Genesis Evangelion 1994 est . $16.2 billion Pachinko sales -- $11.585 billion Merchandise sales -- $2.46 billion Home entertainment -- $848.5 million Karaoke music -- $750 million Music CD sales -- $226.2 million Manga sales -- $180.5 million Anime box office -- $154.5 million Video games -- $30.1 million Music royalties -- $5.6 million Anime Hideaki Anno Gainax Tatsunoko Production Khara Super Sentai / Power Rangers est . $16.2 billion Retail sales -- $15.98 billion Licensed merchandise -- $13.191 billion DVD & Blu - ray -- $15 million Box office -- $218.4 million Television series Shotaro Ishinomori Haim Saban Shuki Levy Toei Company Hasbro Bandai Namco Holdings Call of Duty 2003 est . $16 billion Video games -- $16 billion Computer game Infinity Ward Activision ( Activision Blizzard ) Dora the Explorer 2000 est . $15.7 billion Retail sales -- $15.413 billion Home video sales -- $250 million Animated series Chris Gifford Valerie Walsh Eric Weiner Nickelodeon ( Viacom ) The Simpsons 1989 est . $15.3 billion Merchandise sales -- $6.818 billion TV advertising -- $5.76 billion TV syndication -- $1.15 billion Home video sales -- $1.091 billion Box office -- $527 million Animated series Matt Groening 20th Century Fox Pac - Man 1980 est . $15.1 billion Video games -- $14.098 billion Merchandise & licensing -- $1 billion Music sales -- $32 million Arcade game Toru Iwatani Namco Bandai Namco Entertainment ( Bandai Namco Holdings ) Looney Tunes 1930 est . $14.2 billion Retail sales -- $13.88 billion Box office -- $299 million Animated cartoon Warner Bros . Warner Bros. ( AT&T ) SpongeBob SquarePants 1999 est . $14.1 billion Retail sales -- $13.619 billion Box office -- $463 million Animated series Stephen Hillenburg Nickelodeon ( Viacom ) Space Invaders 1978 est . $13.9 billion Video game -- $13.93 billion Music single -- $522,000 Arcade game Tomohiro Nishikado Taito ( Square Enix ) The Lion King 1994 est . $13.7 billion Musical theatre -- $8.1 billion Merchandise sales -- $3.07 billion Home entertainment -- $1.5 billion Box office -- $987 million Animated film Roger Allers Rob Minkoff The Walt Disney Company Teenage Mutant Ninja Turtles 1984 est . $12.7 billion Merchandise sales -- $11.288 billion Box office -- $1.15 billion Video games -- $450 million DVD & Blu - ray sales -- $124 million VHS sales -- $94.22 million Video rentals -- $67.65 million Comic book Kevin Eastman Peter Laird Viacom Dragon Quest 1986 est . $12.2 billion Video games -- $5.791 billion Manga magazine -- $4.962 billion Merchandise sales -- $988.3 million Manga volumes -- $471.2 million Video game Yuji Horii Koichi Nakamura Akira Toriyama Square Enix Final Fantasy est . $11.6 billion Video games -- $10.398 billion Licensed merchandise -- $416.2 million Home video sales -- $316 million Book sales -- $213.1 million Music sales -- $121 million Box office -- $92 million Video rentals -- $27 million Card game -- $14 million Video game Hironobu Sakaguchi Hiromichi Tanaka Nasir Gebelli Square Enix Ultraman 1966 est . $11.5 billion Merchandise sales -- $10.294 billion Pachinko sales -- $967 million Home video sales -- $275.3 million Television series Eiji Tsuburaya Tsuburaya Productions ( Bandai Namco Holdings ) Street Fighter est . $11.5 billion Video games -- $11.279 billion Box office -- $128.2 million VHS rentals -- $33 million Home video sales -- $17.1 million Soundtrack album -- $7.2 million Arcade game Takashi Nishiyama Hiroshi Matsumoto Capcom Frozen 2013 est . $11.3 billion Merchandise sales -- $9.575 billion Box office -- $1.29 billion DVD & Blu - ray sales -- $391 million Musical theatre -- $82 million Animated film Chris Buck Jennifer Lee The Walt Disney Company Superman 1938 est . $11.1 billion Retail sales -- $5.381 billion Box office -- $3.212 billion Comic issues -- $1.341 billion DVD & Blu - ray sales -- $529 million TV revenue -- $428 million Comic magazine -- $85 million VHS sales & rentals -- $74.1 million Comic book Jerry Siegel Joe Shuster DC Entertainment ( AT&T ) Warcraft 1994 est . $10.8 billion Video games -- $10.391 billion Box office -- $434 million DVD & Blu - ray sales -- $17 million Computer game Allen Adham Frank Pearce Michael Morhaime Blizzard Entertainment ( Activision Blizzard ) Star Trek 1966 est . $10.6 billion Retail sales -- $4.561 billion TV revenue -- $2.3 billion Box office -- $2.266 billion VHS sales -- $1 billion DVD & Blu - ray -- $326 million Television series Gene Roddenberry CBS Corporation Paramount Pictures ( Viacom ) Dungeon Fighter Online 2005 est . $10.5 billion Computer game -- $10.523 billion Computer game Neople Nexon Naruto 1999 est . $10.1 billion Manga magazine -- $6.529 billion Manga volumes -- $1.637 billion Licensed merchandise -- $1.27 billion Video games -- $562 million Anime box office -- $147.1 million Home entertainment -- $93 million Manga Masashi Kishimoto Shueisha ( Hitotsubashi Group ) Pierrot JoJo 's Bizarre Adventure est . $9.8 billion Manga magazine -- $8.937 billion Manga volumes -- $489 million Video games -- $306 million Anime DVD & Blu - ray -- $40 million Licensed merchandise -- $23 million Box office -- $2 million Manga Hirohiko Araki Shueisha ( Hitotsubashi Group ) Angry Birds 2009 est . $8.78 billion Merchandise sales -- $8.297 billion Box office -- $353 million Video games -- $100 million DVD & Blu - ray sales -- $27 million Mobile game Jaakko Iisalo Rovio Thomas & Friends 1946 est . $8.75 billion Retail sales -- $8.73 billion Box office -- $20 million Book Wilbert Awdry Christopher Awdry Egmont Group Mattel Grand Theft Auto 1997 est . $8.56 billion Video games -- $8.561 billion Computer game David Jones Mike Dailly Rockstar Games ( Take - Two Interactive ) Despicable Me / Minions est . $8.36 billion Merchandise sales -- $3.95 billion Box office -- $3.72 billion DVD & Blu - ray sales -- $686 million Animated film Sergio Pablos Illumination Entertainment ( Comcast ) Jurassic Park 1990 est . $8.19 billion Box office -- $4.892 billion Retail sales -- $3.3 billion Home video sales -- $678 million Novel Michael Crichton Alfred A. Knopf ( novel ) Universal Pictures ( Comcast ) ( film ) Sesame Street / The Muppets 1966 est . $7.91 billion Merchandise sales -- $7.839 billion Box office -- $452 million TV licensing -- $96 million DVD & Blu - ray sales -- $71 million VHS sales -- $2 million Television series Jim Henson Joan Ganz Cooney Lloyd Morrisett The Muppets Studio ( The Walt Disney Company ) Sesame Workshop Pirates of the Caribbean 2003 est . $7.91 billion Box office -- $4.524 billion Home entertainment -- $1.781 billion Merchandise sales -- $1.6 billion Film The Walt Disney Company The Walt Disney Company X-Men 1963 est . $7.78 billion Box office -- $5.75 billion Retail sales -- $900 million DVD & Blu - ray sales -- $667 million Comic sales -- $466.4 million Comic book Stan Lee Jack Kirby Marvel Entertainment ( The Walt Disney Company ) Pretty Cure / Glitter Force est . $7.53 billion Merchandise sales -- $7.301 billion Video games -- $67.4 million Anime box office -- $161 million Anime Izumi Todo Toei Animation Toei Company Asahi Broadcasting Corporation Asatsu - DK Monster Strike 2013 est . $7.25 billion Video games -- $7.236 billion Anime box office -- $10 million Mobile game Yoshiki Okamoto Mixi Sonic the Hedgehog 1991 est . $7.24 billion Video games -- $6.228 billion Merchandise sales -- $1.005 billion Comic sales -- $7.8 million Video game Yuji Naka Naoto Ohshima Hirokazu Yasuhara Sega ( Sega Sammy Holdings ) Bleach 2001 est . $7.22 billion Manga magazine -- $6.168 billion Manga volumes -- $740 million Licensed merchandise -- $260 million Anime DVD & Blu - ray -- $26 million Box office -- $25 million Manga Tite Kubo Shueisha ( Hitotsubashi Group ) Pierrot Puzzle & Dragons 2012 est . $7.08 billion Video games -- $7.083 billion Mobile game GungHo Online GungHo Online Doraemon 1969 est . $6.85 billion Licensed merchandise -- $5.592 billion Anime box office -- $1.262 billion Manga Fujiko F. Fujio Shogakukan - Shueisha ( Hitotsubashi Group ) Ben 10 2005 est . $6.68 billion Retail sales -- $6.681 billion Animated series Man of Action Studios Cartoon Network ( AT&T ) Bandai Namco Holdings ( toys ) Sailor Moon 1991 est . $6.64 billion Merchandise sales -- $5 billion Home entertainment -- $546.2 million Manga magazine -- $346 million Video games -- $210 million Manga volumes -- $175.5 million Anime box office -- $42.12 million Manga Naoko Takeuchi Kodansha Toei Animation Twilight 2005 est . $6.39 billion Box office -- $3.344 billion Book sales -- $1.661 billion DVD & Blu - ray sales -- $948 million Merchandise sales -- $395 million Video rentals -- $45.4 million Novel Stephenie Meyer Little , Brown and Company Summit Entertainment Digimon 1997 est . $6.36 billion Licensed merchandise -- $5.39 billion Digital pets -- $424.1 million Manga & comic sales -- $252 million Box office -- $143 million Console games -- $90.5 million Home entertainment -- $59.1 million Digital pet Akiyoshi Hongo Toei Animation Bandai Toei Company Bandai Namco Holdings Tamagotchi est . $6.2 billion Digital pets -- $2.955 billion Licensed merchandise -- $3.081 billion Console games -- $154 million Box office -- $6.8 million Digital pet Aki Maita Akihiro Yokoi Bandai Bandai Namco Holdings Ice Age 2002 $6 billion Box office -- $2.9 billion Retail sales -- $1.3 billion Animated film Blue Sky Studios 20th Century Fox Minecraft 2009 est . $5.81 billion Merchandise sales -- $3.597 billion Video games -- $2.211 billion Computer game Mojang Microsoft Studios Aladdin 1992 est . $5.77 billion Pachinko & arcades -- $2.85 billion VHS sales -- $1.182 billion Box office -- $504 million Merchandise sales -- $500 million Broadway musical -- $353 million Console games -- $200 million DVD & Blu - ray sales -- $130 million Soundtrack album -- $47 million Animated film Walt Disney Animation Youhenna Diab The Walt Disney Company ( franchise ) Sega Sammy Holdings ( games / pachinko ) The Phantom of the Opera 1986 est . $5.76 billion Musical theatre -- $5.6 billion Box office -- $155 million Musical theatre Andrew Lloyd Webber Andrew Lloyd Webber Shrek 1990 est . $5.74 billion Box office -- $3.547 billion Home entertainment -- $1.922 billion Merchandise sales -- $275 million Novel William Steig DreamWorks Animation Universal Pictures ( Comcast ) League of Legends 2009 est . $5.69 billion Computer games -- $5.69 billion Computer game Riot Games Tencent Games Fast & Furious 2001 est . $5.59 billion Box office -- $5.139 billion DVD & Blu - ray sales -- $449 million Film Gary Scott Thompson Universal Pictures ( Comcast ) Westward Journey 2001 est . $5.55 billion Video games -- $5.55 billion Computer game NetEase NetEase Resident Evil est . $5.24 billion Video games -- $3.311 billion Box office -- $1.237 billion Pachinko sales -- $520 million DVD & Blu - ray sales -- $168 million Video game Shinji Mikami Tokuro Fujiwara Capcom Case Closed / Detective Conan 1994 est . $5.16 billion Manga magazine -- $3.077 billion Manga volumes -- $1.161 billion Anime box office -- $811 million Home entertainment -- $108 million Manga Gosho Aoyama Shogakukan ( Hitotsubashi Group ) TMS Entertainment ( Sega Sammy Holdings ) Halo 2001 est . $5.011 billion Games & hardware -- $5 billion Anime DVD sales -- $11 million Video game Bungie Microsoft Mortal Kombat 1992 $5 billion Video games -- $1.878 billion Box office -- $173.6 million Arcade game Midway Games Chicago Ed Boon John Tobias Warner Bros. ( AT&T ) A Song of Ice and Fire / Game of Thrones est . $4.98 billion TV revenue -- $4 billion Book sales -- $700 million DVD & Blu - ray sales -- $280 million Box office -- $1.9 million Novel George R.R. Martin Random House WarnerMedia ( AT&T ) DC Extended Universe 2013 est . $4.919 billion Box office -- $3.768 billion Home video sales -- $651 million Merchandise sales -- $500 million Film DC Entertainment DC Entertainment ( AT&T ) Slam Dunk 1990 est . $4.81 billion Manga magazine -- $4.146 billion Manga volumes -- $591.4 million Anime box office -- $48.1 million Anime DVD & Blu - ray -- $19 million Manga Takehiko Inoue Shueisha ( Hitotsubashi Group ) Friends 1994 est . $4.67 billion TV syndication -- $3.5 billion TV advertising -- $1.166 billion Television series David Crane Marta Kauffman Bright / Kauffman / Crane Productions Beyblade 1999 est . $4.6 billion Merchandise sales -- $4.6 billion Box office -- $9 million Manga Takao Aoki Shogakukan ( Hitotsubashi Group ) The Big Bang Theory 2007 est . $4.57 billion TV advertising -- $3.57 billion TV syndication -- $1 billion Television series Chuck Lorre Bill Prady CBS Corporation Warner Bros. ( AT&T ) Kumamon est . $4.53 billion Retail sales -- $4.46 billion Anime box office -- $65 million Cartoon Kumamoto Prefecture Kumamoto Prefecture Yo - kai Watch 2013 est . $4.37 billion Merchandise sales -- $3.484 billion Video games -- $690 million Anime box office -- $159.2 million Pachinko sales -- $135 million Home entertainment -- $39 million Video game Level - 5 Level - 5 Nintendo Assassin 's Creed 2007 est . $4.34 billion Video games -- $4.091 billion Box office -- $241 million DVD & Blu - ray sales -- $12.4 million Video game Patrice Désilets Jade Raymond Corey May Ubisoft My Little Pony 1984 est . $4.3 billion Retail sales -- $4.226 billion Box office -- $67.3 million DVD & Blu - ray sales -- $4.3 million Animated cartoon Lauren Faust Bonnie Zacherle Hasbro Rurouni Kenshin / Samurai X 1994 est . $4.28 billion Manga magazine -- $3.736 billion Manga volumes -- $360 million Box office -- $134 million Anime video sales -- $51 million Manga Nobuhiro Watsuki Shueisha ( Hitotsubashi Group ) Hunter × Hunter 1998 est . $4.15 billion Manga magazine -- $3.798 billion Manga volumes -- $324.1 million Anime box office -- $20.1 million Anime DVD & Blu - ray -- $6.3 million Manga Yoshihiro Togashi Shueisha ( Hitotsubashi Group ) Seinfeld 1989 est . $4.06 billion TV revenue -- $4.06 billion Television series Larry David Jerry Seinfeld National Broadcasting Company ( Comcast ) The Hunger Games 2008 est . $4.05 billion Box office -- $2.968 billion DVD & Blu - ray -- $652 million Novel Suzanne Collins Scholastic Corporation Lionsgate Mission : Impossible 1966 $4 billion Box office -- $2.8 billion DVD & Blu - ray sales -- $124 million Television series Bruce Geller Paramount Pictures ( Viacom ) Strawberry Shortcake 1979 est . $4 billion Retail sales -- $4 billion DVD sales -- $2.6 million Greeting card American Greetings American Greetings Gran Turismo 1997 est . $4 billion Video games -- $4 billion Video game Kazunori Yamauchi Polyphony Digital Sony Beauty and the Beast 1991 est . $3.98 billion Box office -- $1.689 billion Musical theatre -- $1.6 billion VHS sales -- $318 million DVD & Blu - ray -- $305.7 million Animated film Don Hahn Gabrielle - Suzanne de Villeneuve The Walt Disney Company Kinnikuman / Ultimate Muscle est . $3.82 billion Manga magazine -- $3.387 billion Manga volumes -- $376 million Anime box office -- $27 million Anime DVD sales -- $26 million Manga Yudetamago Shueisha ( Hitotsubashi Group ) Toei Company G.I. Joe 1942 est . $3.7 billion Merchandise sales -- $2.9 billion Box office -- $678 million DVD & Blu - ray -- $126 million Comic Dave Breger Hasbro Candy Crush Saga 2012 est . $3.68 billion Mobile games -- $3.681 billion Mobile game King King ( Activision Blizzard ) Disney Fairies 2005 est . $3.59 billion Retail sales -- $3.097 billion Box office -- $191 million Home entertainment -- $302 million Book Andy Mooney J.M. Barrie The Walt Disney Company Monster Hunter est . $3.58 billion Video games -- $2.539 billion Pachinko sales -- $900.1 million Licensed merchandise -- $142 million Video game Capcom Capcom Lego Movie 2014 est . $3.57 billion Merchandise sales -- $2.46 billion Box office -- $904 million DVD & Blu - ray sales -- $202 million Animated film Phil Lord Christopher Miller Warner Bros. ( AT&T ) The Lego Group Terminator 1984 est . $3.52 billion Box office -- $1.843 billion Pachinko sales -- $150 million VHS rentals -- $70 million DVD & Blu - ray sales -- $81 million Film James Cameron Gale Anne Hurd Skydance Media Magic : The Gathering 1993 est . $3.52 billion Card game -- $3.498 billion Computer game -- $20.6 million Card game Richard Garfield Wizards of the Coast ( Hasbro ) Skylanders 2011 $3.5 billion Licensed merchandise -- $1.858 billion Video game Toys for Bob Activision ( Activision Blizzard ) The Wicked Years 1995 est . $3.5 billion Musical theatre -- $3.499 billion Novel Gregory Maguire HarperCollins The Legend of Zelda 1986 est . $3.44 billion Video games -- $3.253 billion Merchandise sales -- $129 million Manga sales -- $54 million Video game Shigeru Miyamoto Nintendo Avatar 2009 est . $3.34 billion Box office -- $2.788 billion DVD & Blu - ray sales -- $399 million Merchandise sales -- $153 million Film James Cameron 20th Century Fox Astro Boy 1952 est . $3.15 billion Merchandise sales -- $3 billion Manga sales -- $100.3 million Box office -- $42 million DVD & Blu - ray sales -- $10.2 million Manga Osamu Tezuka Tezuka Productions Tomb Raider est . $3.12 billion Video games -- $2.08 billion Box office -- $705 million Pachinko sales -- $300 million DVD rentals -- $36.6 million Video game Core Design Square Enix Hamtaro 1997 est . $3.11 billion Retail sales -- $3.109 billion Manga Ritsuko Kawai Shogakukan ( Hitotsubashi Group ) Les Misérables 1980 est . $3.12 billion Musical theatre -- $2.6 billion Box office -- $442 million DVD & Blu - ray sales -- $82 million Musical theatre Alain Boublil Victor Hugo Cameron Mackintosh Overseas Care Bears 1981 est . $3.06 billion Retail sales -- $3 billion Box office -- $52 million Greeting card American Greetings American Greetings | how much money has the pokemon franchise made | est . $85 billion |
The terms anno Domini ( AD ) and before Christ ( BC ) are used to label or number years in the Julian and Gregorian calendars . The term anno Domini is Medieval Latin and means `` in the year of the Lord '' , but is often translated as `` in the year of our Lord '' . | what does bc stand for in the bible | before Christ |
Ian or Iain is a name of Scottish Gaelic origin , ultimately derived from Hebrew Yohanan and corresponding to English John . The spelling Ian is an Anglicization of the Scottish Gaelic forename Iain . It is a very popular name in much of the English - speaking world and especially in Scotland , where it originated . Ian was the 19th most popular male name , taking account of the whole British population ( over 300,000 Ians in total ) . | where does the first name ian come from | Scottish Gaelic origin , ultimately derived from Hebrew Yohanan and corresponding to English John |
Humanistic psychology is a psychological perspective that rose to prominence in the mid-20th century in answer to the limitations of Sigmund Freud 's psychoanalytic theory and B.F. Skinner 's behaviorism . With its roots running from Socrates through the Renaissance , this approach emphasizes individuals ' inherent drive towards self - actualization , the process of realizing and expressing one 's own capabilities and creativity . | who is credited for originally developing the hierarchy of human needs theory | Sigmund Freud 's psychoanalytic theory |
Rhimes , executive producer Betsy Beers and director Tony Phelan selected songs that had become well - known by their use in Grey 's Anatomy , and chose `` the most iconic ones , the ones that best suited ( their ) singers , and the ones that made the most sense . '' The multiple cover versions include the program 's theme tune , `` Cosy in the Rocket '' by Psapp . The primary vocalists are cast members Ramirez , McKidd , Leigh and Chandra Wilson . The soundtrack also includes `` How to Save a Life '' by The Fray and `` Running on Sunshine '' by Jesus Jackson , performed as ensemble pieces by Ramirez , McKidd , Wilson , Leigh , Daniel Sunjata , Scott Foley , Ellen Pompeo , Justin Chambers , Raver , Dane , and Capshaw . Ramirez , McKidd and Wilson also perform together on Snow Patrol 's `` Chasing Cars . '' Ramirez is the lead vocalist on `` The Story '' by Brandi Carlile , and `` Grace '' by Kate Havnevik , which also features the other female cast members , including Leigh and Sarah Drew on the chorus . Capshaw duets with Ramirez on KT Tunstall 's `` Universe & U . '' Wilson is the lead vocalist on `` Wait '' by Get Set Go , McKidd on `` How We Operate '' by Gomez , and Leigh on Anna Nalick 's `` Breathe ( 2 AM ) . '' | who sings universe and u grey's anatomy | Capshaw |
`` Main Tera Boyfriend '' is a dance song recorded by Meet Bros , Arijit Singh , and Neha Kakkar . The music video of the song stars Kriti Sanon and Sushant Singh Rajput . The song is from the Indian film Raabta . | who is the singer of main tera boyfriend | Arijit Singh |
`` Friends in Low Places '' was written in 1989 by songwriters Dewayne Blackwell and Earl Bud Lee . The two songwriters had given the song to Brooks to record as a demo soon before the release of his self - titled first album , when he was a relatively unknown singer . Enamored with the song , Brooks recorded the official version the next year . | who wrote i have friends in low places | Dewayne Blackwell |
Nathaniel Fitzwilliam `` Nate '' Archibald is a character in the best selling Gossip Girl book series . He is portrayed by Chace Crawford in the television series of the same name . In the novels , he is considered the primary male character , always being fought over by the two most prominent females , Blair Waldorf and Serena van der Woodsen . | who did nate archibald date in gossip girl | Blair Waldorf |
Delhi ( / ˈdɛli / , Hindustani pronunciation : ( d̪ɪlliː ) Dilli ) , officially the National Capital Territory of Delhi ( NCT ) , is a city and a union territory of India . It is bordered by Haryana on three sides and by Uttar Pradesh to the east . The NCT covers an area of 1,484 square kilometres ( 573 sq mi ) . According to the 2011 census , Delhi city proper 's population was over 11 million , the second - highest in India after Mumbai , while the whole NCT 's population was about 16.8 million . Delhi 's urban area is now considered to extend beyond the NCT boundary to include an estimated population of over 26 million people in an area now called as Central National Capital Region ( CNCR ) , making it the world 's second - largest urban area according to United Nations . As of 2016 recent estimates of the metro economy of its urban area have ranked Delhi either the most or second-most productive metro area of India . Delhi is the second - wealthiest city after Mumbai in India , with a total wealth of $450 billion and home to 18 billionaires and 23,000 millionaires . | which indian states share a border with delhi | Haryana |
Thus , if entropy is associated with disorder and if the entropy of the universe is headed towards maximal entropy , then many are often puzzled as to the nature of the `` ordering '' process and operation of evolution in relation to Clausius ' most famous version of the second law , which states that the universe is headed towards maximal `` disorder '' . In the recent 2003 book SYNC -- the Emerging Science of Spontaneous Order by Steven Strogatz , for example , we find `` Scientists have often been baffled by the existence of spontaneous order in the universe . The laws of thermodynamics seem to dictate the opposite , that nature should inexorably degenerate toward a state of greater disorder , greater entropy . Yet all around us we see magnificent structures -- galaxies , cells , ecosystems , human beings -- that have all somehow managed to assemble themselves . '' | which law of thermodynamics states that the entropy or randomness of the universe is increasing | the second law |
Name Image Description Baked lamb with potatoes ( αρνί στο φούρνο με πατάτες ) A common Greek dish . There are many variations with additional ingredients . Giouvetsi ( γιουβέτσι ) Baked lamb in a clay pot with kritharaki ( a Greek pasta identical to risoni or orzo ) Gyros ( γύρος ) Meat roasted and sliced on a turning spit , typically served with sauces like tzatziki and garnishes ( tomato , onions ) on pita bread ( a popular fast food in Greece and Cyprus ) . Kotopoulo me ryzi ( κοτόπουλο με ρύζι ) Chicken with rice Kreatopita ( κρεατόπιτα ) Meat pie using lamb , goat , or pork mince ( or a combination thereof ) with rice and a light tomato sauce wrapped in pastry kneaded with white wine . Popular dish on the island of Kefalonia . Kleftiko ( κλέφτικο ) Literally meaning of the klephts , this Cypriot dish is lamb slow - baked on the bone , first marinated in garlic and lemon juice , originally cooked in a pit oven . It is often baked with potatoes . Kokkinisto ( κοκκινιστό ) Kokkinisto means ' reddened ' , and is a family of meat stews with tomatoes . Kokoretsi ( κοκορέτσι ) Seasoned lamb innards Keftedakia ( κεφτέδες , κεφτεδάκια ) Meatballs , either fried or oven - baked , seasoned with salt and spices , typically oregano and mint . Some people add grated carrots and / or capsicum along with onions to the mixture . Makaronia me kima Pasta topped with saltsa kima Moussaka ( μουσακάς ) Casserole made of ( typically fried ) aubergine , potato , and spiced minced meat . There are other , less common variations besides eggplant , such as zucchini . Mydia ( μύδια ) Mussels Païdakia ( παϊδάκια ) Grilled lamb chops with lemon , oregano , salt and pepper . Pastitsio ( παστίτσιο ) A baked pasta dish with a filling of ground , spiced minced meat and a Bechamel sauce topping . Safridia ( σαφρίδια ) Mackerel is a fish high in oils and as it is grilled , the skin has a hint of a smoky flavour . Soutzoukakia Smyrneika ( σουτζουκάκια σμυρνέικα ) Sausages made from minced meat in a red wine sauce . Snails ( σαλιγκάρια ) In Greece and Italy snails are eaten in a diversity of dishes and sometimes they are even used in sauces and poured over various types of pasta . On Crete , one popular dish is snails in tomato sauce . Souvlaki ( σουβλάκι ) ( Lit : ' little skewer ' ) Anything grilled on a skewer ( lamb , chicken , pork , swordfish , shrimp ) . Most common is lamb , pork , and chicken , typically marinated in oil , salt , pepper , oregano and lemon . Also known as kalamaki ( καλαμάκι ) Spetsofai ( σπετσοφάι ) A dish made from country - style sausages , peppers , onions and wine . Originates from Mt . Pelion . Stifado ( στιφάδο ) Game ( rabbit , venison etc . ) stew with pearl onions , red wine and cinnamon . Swordfish Swordfish is generally grilled . | greek meat dish served in a pita with tzatziki | Gyros ( γύρος ) |
The cells of the epidermis are structurally and functionally variable . Most plants have an epidermis that is a single cell layer thick . Some plants like Ficus elastica and Peperomia , which have periclinal cellular division within the protoderm of the leaves , have an epidermis with multiple cell layers . Epidermal cells are tightly linked to each other and provide mechanical strength and protection to the plant . The walls of the epidermal cells of the above ground parts of plants contain cutin , and are covered with a cuticle . The cuticle reduces water loss to the atmosphere , it is sometimes covered with wax in smooth sheets , granules , plates , tubes or filaments . The wax layers give some plants a whitish or bluish surface color . Surface wax acts as a moisture barrier and protects the plant from intense sunlight and wind . The underside of many leaves have a thinner cuticle than the top side , and leaves of plants from dry climates often have thickened cuticles to conserve water by reducing transpiration . | what type of division makes possible the development of multilayered epidermis | periclinal cellular division |
Islander Age Hometown Entered Status Ref Dani Dyer 21 East London Day 1 Winner ( Day 59 ) Jack Fincham 26 Kent Day 1 Winner ( Day 59 ) Laura Anderson 29 Stirling Day 1 Runner - up ( Day 59 ) Paul Knops 31 Bournemouth Day 43 Runner - up ( Day 59 ) Josh Denzel 26 London Day 8 Third place ( Day 59 ) Kazimir Crossley 23 London Day 26 Third place ( Day 59 ) Megan Barton Hanson 24 Essex Day 8 Fourth place ( Day 59 ) Wes Nelson 20 Staffordshire Day 1 Fourth place ( Day 59 ) Alex George 27 Carmarthen Day 1 Dumped ( Day 57 ) Alexandra Cane 27 Hertfordshire Day 39 Dumped ( Day 57 ) Jack Fowler 22 London Day 26 Dumped ( Day 53 ) Laura Crane 23 Devon Day 43 Dumped ( Day 53 ) Josh Mair 21 Birmingham Day 43 Dumped ( Day 50 ) Stephanie Lam 23 Hertfordshire Day 43 Dumped ( Day 50 ) Georgia Steel 20 York Day 4 Dumped ( Day 47 ) Sam Bird 25 Norwich Day 19 Dumped ( Day 47 ) Charlie Brake 23 Chelsea Day 26 Dumped ( Day 43 ) Ellie Brown 20 Newcastle Day 15 Dumped ( Day 43 ) Idris Virgo 25 Birmingham Day 37 Dumped ( Day 40 ) Kieran Nicholls 26 London Day 37 Dumped ( Day 40 ) Samira Mighty 22 London Day 1 Walked ( Day 40 ) Frankie Foster 22 Cheltenham Day 26 Dumped ( Day 37 ) Grace Wardle 25 London Day 26 Dumped ( Day 37 ) Darylle Sargeant 24 Watford Day 26 Dumped ( Day 33 ) Ellie Jones 22 Kent Day 26 Dumped ( Day 33 ) Adam Collard 22 Newcastle Day 1 Dumped ( Day 33 ) Alex Miller 28 Essex Day 26 Dumped ( Day 33 ) Charlie Williams 24 Bath Day 26 Dumped ( Day 30 ) Dean Overson 25 Burnley Day 26 Dumped ( Day 30 ) Jordan Adefeyisan 23 Stockport Day 26 Dumped ( Day 30 ) Savanna Darnell 22 Sheffield Day 26 Dumped ( Day 30 ) Zara McDermott 21 Essex Day 15 Dumped ( Day 25 ) Eyal Booker 22 London Day 1 Dumped ( Day 25 ) Rosie Williams 26 South Wales Day 4 Dumped ( Day 20 ) Charlie Frederick 23 Plymouth Day 8 Dumped ( Day 13 ) Hayley Hughes 21 Liverpool Day 1 Dumped ( Day 13 ) Niall Aslam 23 Coventry Day 1 Walked ( Day 9 ) Kendall Rae - Knight 26 Blackpool Day 1 Dumped ( Day 6 ) | what is the current episode of love island | Day 59 |
Popular sovereignty , or sovereignty of the peoples ' rule , is the principle that the authority of a state and its government is created and sustained by the consent of its people , through their elected representatives ( Rule by the People ) , who are the source of all political power . It is closely associated with social contract philosophers such as Thomas Hobbes , John Locke and Jean - Jacques Rousseau . Popular sovereignty expresses a concept and does not necessarily reflect or describe a political reality . The people have the final say in government decisions . Benjamin Franklin expressed the concept when he wrote , `` In free governments , the rulers are the servants and the people their superiors and sovereigns '' . | popular sovereignty means that the power of a government comes from the consent of whom | its people |
The pickup truck depicted in the series is a 1951 Ford F1 . It was purchased at auction after the series ended and was later leased back to NBC for the spin offs Sanford Arms and Sanford . It has changed hands a few times over the years , eventually purchased by a real life junk dealer , Donald Dimmitt of Dimmitts Auto Salvage , in Argos , Indiana . Most recently it was purchased from Dimmitts Auto Salvage by Tim Franko and Jeff Canter , owners of BlueLine Classics , a classic car dealership in North Royalton , Ohio . The truck has been preserved by BlueLine Classics to its true condition as seen on the TV series and is displayed in the BlueLine Classics showroom . | who owns the truck from sanford and son | Tim Franko |
The western mountains have split in the middle , into the main range of the Rockies and the Coast Ranges in California , Oregon , Washington , and British Columbia with the Great Basin ( a lower area containing smaller ranges and low - lying deserts ) in between . The highest peak is Mount McKinley / Denali in Alaska . The geographic center of North America is approximately `` 6 miles west of Balta , Pierce County , North Dakota '' at 480 10 ′ north , 1000 10 ′ west , and a 15 - foot ( 4.5 m ) field stone obelisk in Rugby , North Dakota ( ~ 15 miles or 25 km away ) claims to mark the center . | what is the highest landform in north america | Mount McKinley / Denali in Alaska |
Lord Voldemort / Tom Riddle Harry Potter character Ralph Fiennes as Lord Voldemort in Harry Potter and the Deathly Hallows -- Part 1 . First appearance Harry Potter and the Philosopher 's Stone Last appearance Harry Potter and the Deathly Hallows Created by J.K. Rowling Portrayed by Ralph Fiennes , as the Dark Lord finally resurrected from HP4 to the end of the film series in HP7 -- Part 2 Frank Dillane , as a fifteen - year - old in HP6 Hero Fiennes - Tiffin , as an eleven - year - old in HP6 Christian Coulson , as a sixteen - year - old in HP2 Ian Hart , voice in HP1 Richard Bremmer , non-faced in HP1 Eddie Izzard , The Lego Batman Movie House Slytherin | who played lord voldemort in harry potter movies | Ralph Fiennes |
The iPhone 3G was released in Australia on July 11 , 2008 . | when did the first iphone come out in australia | July 11 , 2008 |
English Name Other name ( s ) or older name ( s ) Denmark Danemarc ( Romansh ) , Danemarca ( Romanian ) , Dänemark ( Alemannic , German , Low Saxon ) , Danemark ( French ) , Dania - Դանիա ( Armenian ) , Dania - დანია ( Georgian ) , Danía - Δανία ( Greek ) , Dánia ( Hungarian ) , Dania ( Latin , Polish ) , Danija - Данія ( Belarusian , Ukrainian ) , Dānija ( Latvian ) , Danija ( Lithuanian ) , Danimarca ( Italian ) , Danimarka ( Azeri , Basque , Turkish ) , Danimarkë ( Albanian ) , Danio ( Esperanto ) , Daniya - Дания ( Bulgarian , Russian ) , Đan Mạch ( Vietnamese ) , Dānmài - 丹麥 / 丹麦 ( Mandarin Chinese ) , ad - Dānmārk - الدنمارك ( Arabic ) , Danmark ( Breton , Danish , Faroese , Interlingua , Norwegian , Swedish ) , an Danmhairg ( Irish , Scots Gaelic ) , Danmörk ( Icelandic ) , Danska ( Croatian , Slovene ) , Dańska ( Lower Sorbian ) , Danska - Данска ( Macedonian , Serbian ) , Dánsko ( Czech , Slovak ) , Dansuyu ( Quechua ) , Demmāku - デンマーク ( Japanese ) , Denemark ( Frisian ) , Denemark - דנמרק ( Hebrew ) , Denemarke ( Afrikaans ) , Denemarken ( Dutch ) , Deniya - דניה ( Hebrew obsolete ) , Denmakeu / Tenmak'ŭ - 덴마크 ( Korean ) , Denmarc ( Welsh ) , Denmark ( Acehnese , Indonesian ) , Denmark - ዴንማርክ ( Amharic ) , Denmak - เดนมาร์ก ( Thai ) , Denmark - דענמאַרק ( Yiddish ) , Denmarkaya - ඩෙන්මාර්කය ( Sinhala ) , Dinamarca ( Aragonese , Catalan , Portuguese , Spanish ) , Dinamarka ( Filipino / Tagalog ) , id - Danimarka ( Maltese ) , Juutinmaa ( old Finnish alternative ) , Qallunaat Nunaat ( Kalaallisut ) , Taani ( Estonian , Võro ) , Tanska ( Finnish ) , Tingmaak ( Inuktitut ) , டென்மார்க் ( Tamil ) , Denmark ڈنمارک ( Urdu ) , Denmark دانمارک ( Persian ) Djibouti Chibuti - จิ บู ตี ( Thai ) , Cibuti ( Turkish ) , Diobùtaidh ( Scots Gaelic ) , Djiboeti ( Afrikaans ) , Djibouti ( Acehnese , Breton , Catalan , Danish , Dutch , Estonian , Finnish , French , Indonesian , Norwegian , Portuguese , Romanian , Swedish , Võro ) , Djíbútí ( Icelandic ) , Djibuti ( Portuguese variant ) , Djibŵti ( Welsh ) , Dschibuti ( Alemannic , German ) , Dzhybuti - Джибути ( Bulgarian , Russian ) , Džibuti ( Bosnian , Croatian , Czech alternate , Slovene ) , Džibuti ( Latvian ) , Dżibuti ( Polish ) , Džibuti - Џибути ( Macedonian , Serbian ) , Džibutis ( Lithuanian ) , Džibutsko ( Czech , Slovak ) , Dzibutum ( Latin ) , Dzsibuti ( Hungarian ) , Džybuci - Джыбуці ( Belarusian ) , Džybuti - Джибуті ( Ukrainian ) , Ǧebuti - ጅቡቲ ( Amharic ) , Ǧībūtī - جيبوتي ( Arabic ) , Gibuti ( Italian ) , il - Ġibuti ( Maltese ) , Ĝibutio ( Esperanto ) , Jibuchi - ジブチ ( Japanese ) , Jibuti - ג'יבוטי ( Hebrew ) , Jibuti / Chibut'i - 지부티 ( Korean ) , Jíbùtí - 吉布提 ( Mandarin Chinese ) , Jibuti ( Portuguese variant ) , Jibuti - ජිබුටි ( Sinhala ) , Jipuuti ( Inuktitut ) , Tzimpoutí - Τζιμπουτί ( Greek ) , Yibuti ( Spanish ) , Yiwuti ( Quechua ) , டிஜிபோடி ( Tamil ) , Djibouti جیبوتی ( Persian ) Dominica Daminika - Дамініка ( Belarusian ) , Damóo Bikéyah ( Navajo ) , Doiminicea ( Scots Gaelic ) , Domenica ( Franco - Provençal ) , Dominica ( Afrikaans , Aragonese , Asturian , Catalan , Cebuano , Danish , Estonian , Extremaduran , Finnish , German , Italian , Maltese , Min Nan , Portuguese , Romanian , Spanish , Swedish ) , Dominika ( Azeri , Bosnian , Central Bikolano , Croatian , Czech , Faroese , Filipino / Tagalog , Hungarian , Indonesian , Latvian , Lithuanian , Lower Sorbian , Polish , Slovak , Slovene , Turkish ) , Ḍominikā - ডোমিনিকা ( Bengali ) , Dominika - Доминика ( Bulgarian , Macedonian , Russian , Serbian ) , Dominika - Домініка ( Ukrainian ) , Ḋominikā - ޑޮމިނިކާ ( Divehi ) , Dominika - דומיניקה ( Hebrew ) , Dominika - ドミニカ ( Japanese ) , Dominika / Tominik'a - 도미니카 ( Korean ) , Dominika - ඩොමිනිකා ( Sinhala ) , Dominika - ด อ มิ นี กา ( Thai ) , Dominiko ( Esperanto ) , Duminika ( Quechua ) , Dūmīnīkā - دومينيكا ( Arabic ) , Duōmǐníjiā - 多米 尼克 ( Mandarin Chinese ) , Ntomínika - Ντομίνικα ( Greek ) , Tuminikka ( Inuktitut ) , டொமினிகா ( Tamil ) , Dominica دومینیکا ( Persian ) Dominican Republic Daminikanskaja Respublika - Дамініканская Рэспубліка ( Belarusian ) , Domingo ( Esperanto ) , Dominicaanse Republiek ( Dutch ) , Dominikaaninen tasavalta ( Finnish ) , Dominikaani Vabariik ( Estonian , Võro ) , Dominikaanse Republiek ( Afrikaans , Dutch alternate ) , Dominika Gonghwaguk / Tominik'a Konghwaguk - 도미니카 공화국 ( Korean ) , Dominika Kyōwakoku - ドミニカ 共和国 ( Japanese ) , Dominikana ( Polish ) , Dominikana - Доминикана ( Macedonian alternate ) , Dominikānas republika ( Latvian ) , Dominikaní Dimokratía - Δομινικανή Δημοκρατία ( Greek ) , Dominikanische Republik ( German ) , Dominikanska lýðveldið ( Faroese ) , Dómíníkanska Lýðveldið ( Icelandic ) , Dominikanska republika - Доминиканска република ( Bulgarian , Macedonian , Serbian ) , Dominikanska Republika ( Croatian ) , Dominikánská republika ( Czech ) , Dominikánska republika ( Slovak ) , Dominikanska republika ( Slovene ) , Dominikanska republiken ( Swedish ) , Dominikans'ka Respublika - Домініканська Республіка ( Ukrainian ) , Dominikanskaya Respublika - Доминиканская Республика ( Russian ) , Den dominikanske republikk ( Norwegian ) , Dominikanu Janarajaya - ඩොමිනිකානු ජනරජය ( Sinhala ) , Dominik Cumhuriyeti ( Turkish ) , Dominikos Respublika ( Lithuanian ) , Dominikyan Hanrapetuutyun - Դոմինիկյան Հանրապետություն ( Armenian ) , Duminikana ( Quechua ) , Duōmíngníjiā Gònghéguó - 多 明 尼 加 共和國 / 多 明 尼 加 共和国 ( Mandarin Chinese ) , Ǧumhūrīyâtu d - Dūminīkān - جمهورية الدومنيكان ( Arabic ) , Jamhuri ya Dominika ( Swahili ) , Poblachd Dhoiminicia ( Scots Gaelic ) , Repubblica Dominicana ( Italian ) , ir - Repubblika Dominicana ( Maltese ) , Rèpublica domeniquêna ( Franco - Provençal ) , Republica Dominicana ( Aragonese ) , República Dominicana ( Asturian , Portuguese , Spanish ) , Republica Dominicană ( Romanian ) , Republika Dominikane ( Albanian ) , ha'Republika ha'Dominikanit - הרפובליקה הדומיניקנית ( Hebrew ) , Republikang Dominikana ( Filipino / Tagalog ) , Republik Dominika ( Indonesian ) , Republik Dominikan ( Breton ) , République dominicaine ( French ) , Satharanarat Dominikan - สาธารณรัฐ โดมินิกัน ( Thai ) , Tuminikka Ripuplika ( Inuktitut ) , Dominikai Köztársaság ( Hungarian ) , டொமினிகன் குடியரசு ( Tamil ) , Dominican دومینیکن ( Persian ) | a country that begins with the letter d | Denmark |
Carey Mulligan as Bathsheba Everdene Matthias Schoenaerts as Gabriel Oak Michael Sheen as William Boldwood Tom Sturridge as Sergeant Frank Troy Juno Temple as Fanny Robin Jessica Barden as Liddy Sam Phillips as Sergeant Doggett Tilly Vosburgh as Mrs. Hurst Rowan Hedley as Maryann Money Chris Gallarus as Billy Smallbury Connor Webb as Merchant Penny - Jane Swift as Mrs. Coggan Rosie Masson as Soberness Miller Alex Channon as Temperance Miller Shaun Ward as Farmer Roderick Swift as Everdene farmer Don J. Whistance as Constable Jamie Lee - Hill as Laban Tall | who played fanny in far from the madding crowd | Juno Temple |
Aric A. Almirola ( born March 14 , 1984 ) is an American professional stock car racing driver . He currently drives the No. 43 Ford Fusion for Richard Petty Motorsports in the Monster Energy NASCAR Cup Series . He also drives the No. 98 Ford Mustang for Biagi - DenBeste Racing in the NASCAR Xfinity Series on a part - time basis . Almirola attended the University of Central Florida to work on a degree in mechanical engineering before leaving to pursue a career in racing . He is nicknamed `` The Cuban Missile '' due to his Cuban heritage . | who drives the number 43 car in nascar | Aric A. Almirola |
The 2017 Las Vegas shooting occurred on the night of Sunday , October 1 when a gunman opened fire on a crowd of concertgoers at the Route 91 Harvest music festival on the Las Vegas Strip in Nevada , leaving 58 people dead and 851 injured . Between 10 : 05 and 10 : 15 p.m. PDT , 64 - year - old Stephen Paddock of Mesquite , Nevada , fired more than 1,100 rounds from his suite on the 32nd floor of the nearby Mandalay Bay hotel . About an hour after he fired his last shot into the crowd , he was found dead in his room from a self - inflicted gunshot wound . His motive remains unknown . | how many rounds did the vegas shooter have | 1,100 rounds |
`` All is fair in love and war '' , a proverb attributed to John Lyly 's Euphues | who said everything is fair in love and war | John Lyly |
Star Wars : The Force Awakens was widely anticipated , and Disney backed the film with extensive marketing campaigns . It premiered in Los Angeles on December 14 , 2015 before its wide release in the United States on December 18 . The film received highly positive reviews from critics , with praise aimed at its ensemble cast , Abrams ' direction , musical score , visual effects , and action sequences , although it received criticism for being derivative of the original trilogy . The film broke various box office records and became , unadjusted for inflation , the highest - grossing installment in the franchise , the highest - grossing film in North America , the highest - grossing film of 2015 , and the third - highest - grossing film of all time , with a worldwide gross of over $2 billion and a net profit of over $780 million . It received five Academy Award nominations and four British Academy Film Award nominations , where it won the award for Best Special Visual Effects . It was followed by The Last Jedi in December 2017 , with a third film scheduled for release in 2019 . | when was star wars the force awakens released | December 14 , 2015 |
Alan Baddeley and Graham Hitch proposed a model of working memory in 1974 , in an attempt to present a more accurate model of primary memory ( often referred to as short - term memory ) . Working memory splits primary memory into multiple components , rather than considering it to be a single , unified construct . | who proposed an influential model of working memory | Alan Baddeley |
The Straits of Florida , Florida Straits , or Florida Strait ( Spanish : Estrecho de Florida ) is a strait located south - southeast of the North American mainland , generally accepted to be between the Gulf of Mexico and the Atlantic Ocean , and between the Florida Keys ( U.S. ) and Cuba . It is 150 km ( 93 mi ) wide at the narrowest point between Key West and the Cuban shore , and has been sounded to a depth of 6,000 feet ( 1,800 m ) . The strait carries the Florida Current , the beginning of the Gulf Stream , from the Gulf of Mexico . | where are the straits of florida located on a map | south - southeast of the North American mainland , generally accepted to be between the Gulf of Mexico and the Atlantic Ocean , and between the Florida Keys ( U.S. ) and Cuba |
Rank Name Nat . Pos . Years Goals Total Telmo Zarra FW 1939 -- 1957 81 Athletic Bilbao 81 Samitier , Josep Josep Samitier MF 1919 -- 1934 65 Barcelona + 5 Real Madrid 70 Guillermo Gorostiza FW 1929 -- 1946 37 Athletic Bilbao + 25 Valencia 62 Quini FW 1968 -- 1987 38 Sporting Gijón + 17 Barcelona 55 5 Edmundo Suárez FW 1939 -- 1950 52 Valencia 52 6 Puskás , Ferenc Ferenc Puskás FW 1958 -- 1966 49 Real Madrid 49 Kubala , László László Kubala FW 1951 -- 1965 49 Barcelona 49 8 Santillana FW 1970 -- 1988 48 Real Madrid 48 9 Lionel Messi FW 2004 -- 47 Barcelona 47 César Rodríguez Álvarez FW 1939 -- 1960 3 Granada + 36 Barcelona + 8 Elche 47 | who has the most goals in the copa del rey | Telmo Zarra |
The series is set in the Tipton Hotel in Boston and centers on Zack Martin and Cody Martin ( Dylan and Cole Sprouse ) , troublesome twins who live at the Tipton Hotel . The series ' other main characters include the Tipton hotel 's ditzy heiress London Tipton ( Brenda Song ) , the hotel 's candy counter girl Maddie Fitzpatrick ( Ashley Tisdale ) , the manager , Mr. Marion Moseby ( Phill Lewis ) , and the boys ' single mother who is also the Hotel 's lounge singer , Carey Martin ( Kim Rhodes ) . The series is the third Disney Channel Original to have more than 65 episodes , after That 's So Raven and Kim Possible . Reruns aired on Disney XD and on the Watch Disney XD app . Reruns of the show aired on Disney Channel until April 14 , 2017 . | maddie from suite life of zack and cody full name | Maddie Fitzpatrick |
Red drupe grapes can produce white wine if they are quickly pressed and the juice not allowed to be in contact with the skins . The color is mainly due to plant pigments , notably phenolic compounds ( anthocyanidins , tannins , etc . ) . The color depends on the presence of acids in the wine . It is altered with wine aging by reactions between different active molecules present in the wine , these reactions generally giving rise to a browning of the wine , leading from red to a more tawny color . The use of a wooden barrel ( generally oak barrels ) in aging also affects the color of the wine . | where do the tannins in wine come from | plant pigments |
Season League Conference Finish Division Finish Wins Losses Win % GB Playoffs Awards New Orleans Jazz 1974 -- 75 NBA Eastern 9th Central 5th 23 59 . 280 37 1975 -- 76 NBA Eastern 8th Central 4th 38 44 . 463 11 1976 -- 77 NBA Eastern 8th Central 5th 35 47 . 427 14 1977 -- 78 NBA Eastern 7th Central 5th 39 43 . 476 13 1978 -- 79 NBA Eastern 11th Central 6th 26 56 . 317 22 Utah Jazz 1979 -- 80 NBA Western 10th Midwest 5th 24 58 . 293 25 1980 -- 81 NBA Western 11th Midwest 5th 28 54 . 341 24 Darrell Griffith ( ROY ) 1981 -- 82 NBA Western 11th Midwest 6th 25 57 . 305 23 1982 -- 83 NBA Western 9th Midwest 5th 30 52 . 366 23 1983 -- 84 NBA Western 2nd Midwest 1st 45 37 . 549 -- Won First Round ( Nuggets ) 3 -- 2 Lost Conference Semifinals ( Suns ) 2 -- 4 Frank Layden ( COY ) 1984 -- 85 NBA Western 6th Midwest 4th 41 41 . 500 11 Won First Round ( Rockets ) 3 -- 2 Lost Conference Semifinals ( Nuggets ) 1 -- 4 Mark Eaton ( DPOY ) 1985 -- 86 NBA Western 5th Midwest 4th 42 40 . 512 9 Lost First Round ( Mavericks ) 1 -- 3 1986 -- 87 NBA Western 4th Midwest 2nd 44 38 . 537 11 Lost First Round ( Warriors ) 2 -- 3 1987 -- 88 NBA Western 5th Midwest 3rd 47 35 . 573 7 Won First Round ( Trail Blazers ) 3 -- 1 Lost Conference Semifinals ( Lakers ) 3 -- 4 1988 -- 89 NBA Western 2nd Midwest 1st 51 31 . 622 -- Lost First Round ( Warriors ) 0 -- 3 Karl Malone ( ASG MVP ) Mark Eaton ( DPOY ) 1989 -- 90 NBA Western 4th Midwest 2nd 55 27 . 671 Lost First Round ( Suns ) 2 -- 3 1990 -- 91 NBA Western 5th Midwest 2nd 54 28 . 659 Won First Round ( Suns ) 3 -- 1 Lost Conference Semifinals ( Trail Blazers ) 1 -- 4 1991 -- 92 NBA Western 2nd Midwest 1st 55 27 . 671 -- Won First Round ( Clippers ) 3 -- 2 Won Conference Semifinals ( SuperSonics ) 4 -- 1 Lost Conference Finals ( Trail Blazers ) 2 -- 4 1992 -- 93 NBA Western 6th Midwest 3rd 47 35 . 573 8 Lost First Round ( SuperSonics ) 2 -- 3 Karl Malone & John Stockton ( ASG MVP ) 1993 -- 94 NBA Western 5th Midwest 3rd 53 29 . 646 5 Won First Round ( Spurs ) 3 -- 1 Won Conference Semifinals ( Nuggets ) 4 -- 3 Lost Conference Finals ( Rockets ) 1 -- 4 1994 -- 95 NBA Western 3rd Midwest 2nd 60 22 . 732 Lost First Round ( Rockets ) 2 -- 3 1995 -- 96 NBA Western 3rd Midwest 2nd 55 27 . 671 Won First Round ( Trail Blazers ) 3 -- 2 Won Conference Semifinals ( Spurs ) 4 -- 2 Lost Conference Finals ( SuperSonics ) 3 -- 4 1996 -- 97 NBA Western 1st Midwest 1st 64 18 . 780 -- Won First Round ( Clippers ) 3 -- 0 Won Conference Semifinals ( Lakers ) 4 -- 1 Won Conference Finals ( Rockets ) 4 -- 2 Lost NBA Finals ( Bulls ) 2 -- 4 Karl Malone ( MVP ) 1997 -- 98 NBA Western 1st Midwest 1st 62 20 . 756 -- Won First Round ( Rockets ) 3 -- 2 Won Conference Semifinals ( Spurs ) 4 -- 1 Won Conference Finals ( Lakers ) 4 -- 0 Lost NBA Finals ( Bulls ) 2 -- 4 1998 -- 99 NBA Western 3rd Midwest 2nd 37 13 . 740 -- Won First Round ( Kings ) 3 -- 2 Lost Conference Semifinals ( Trail Blazers ) 2 -- 4 Karl Malone ( MVP ) 1999 -- 2000 NBA Western 2nd Midwest 1st 55 27 . 671 -- Won First Round ( SuperSonics ) 3 -- 2 Lost Conference Semifinals ( Trail Blazers ) 1 -- 4 2000 -- 01 NBA Western 4th Midwest 2nd 53 29 . 646 5 Lost First Round ( Mavericks ) 2 -- 3 2001 -- 02 NBA Western 8th Midwest 4th 44 38 . 537 14 Lost First Round ( Kings ) 1 -- 3 2002 -- 03 NBA Western 7th Midwest 4th 47 35 . 573 13 Lost First Round ( Kings ) 1 -- 4 2003 -- 04 NBA Western 9th Midwest 7th 42 40 . 512 16 2004 -- 05 NBA Western 14th Northwest 5th 26 56 . 317 26 2005 -- 06 NBA Western 9th Northwest 2nd 41 41 . 500 2006 -- 07 NBA Western 4th Northwest 1st 51 31 . 622 -- Won First Round ( Rockets ) 4 -- 3 Won Conference Semifinals ( Warriors ) 4 -- 1 Lost Conference Finals ( Spurs ) 1 -- 4 2007 -- 08 NBA Western 4th Northwest 1st 54 28 . 659 -- Won First Round ( Rockets ) 4 -- 2 Lost Conference Semifinals ( Lakers ) 2 -- 4 2008 -- 09 NBA Western 8th Northwest 3rd 48 34 . 585 6 Lost First Round ( Lakers ) 1 -- 4 2009 -- 10 NBA Western 5th Northwest 2nd 53 29 . 646 -- Won First Round ( Nuggets ) 4 -- 2 Lost Conference Semifinals ( Lakers ) 0 -- 4 2010 -- 11 NBA Western 11th Northwest 4th 39 43 . 476 16 2011 -- 12 NBA Western 8th Northwest 3rd 36 30 . 545 11 Lost First Round ( Spurs ) 0 -- 4 2012 -- 13 NBA Western 9th Northwest 3rd 43 39 . 524 17 2013 -- 14 NBA Western 15th Northwest 5th 25 57 . 305 34 2014 -- 15 NBA Western 11th Northwest 3rd 38 44 . 463 13 2015 -- 16 NBA Western 9th Northwest 3rd 40 42 . 488 15 2016 -- 17 NBA Western 5th Northwest 1st 51 31 . 622 -- Won First Round ( Clippers ) 4 -- 3 Lost Conference Semifinals ( Warriors ) 0 -- 4 Regular season totals 1866 1612 . 537 1974 -- present Playoff totals 118 134 . 468 1974 -- present | when was the last time the jazz went to the playoffs | 2016 -- 17 |
The San Andreas Fault is a continental transform fault that extends roughly 1,200 kilometers ( 750 mi ) through California . It forms the tectonic boundary between the Pacific Plate and the North American Plate , and its motion is right - lateral strike - slip ( horizontal ) . The fault divides into three segments , each with different characteristics and a different degree of earthquake risk . The slip rate along the fault ranges from 20 to 35 mm ( 0.79 to 1.38 in ) / yr . | which type of plate boundary is in the southern california region | continental transform fault |
Christiaan Neethling Barnard ( 8 November 1922 -- 2 September 2001 ) was a South African cardiac surgeon who performed the world 's first human - to - human heart transplant on 3 December 1967 at Groote Schuur Hospital in Cape Town , South Africa . Growing up in Beaufort West , Cape Province , he studied medicine and practised for several years in his native country . As a young doctor experimenting on dogs , Barnard developed a remedy for the infant defect of intestinal atresia . His technique saved the lives of ten babies in Cape Town and was adopted by surgeons in Britain and the United States . In 1955 , he travelled to the United States and was initially assigned further gastrointestinal work by Owen Wangensteen . He was introduced to the heart - lung machine , and Barnard was allowed to transfer to the service run by open heart surgery pioneer Walt Lillehei . Upon returning to South Africa in 1958 , Barnard was appointed head of the Department of Experimental Surgery at the Groote Schuur Hospital , Cape Town . | who was the first doctor to perform a heart transplant | Christiaan Neethling Barnard |
On 6 October 1789 , the royal family had to leave Versailles and move to the Tuileries Palace in Paris , as a result of the Women 's March on Versailles . During the early years of the French Revolution , preservation of the palace was largely in the hands of the citizens of Versailles . In October 1790 , Louis XVI ordered the palace to be emptied of its furniture , requesting that most be sent to the Tuileries Palace . In response to the order , the mayor of Versailles and the municipal council met to draft a letter to Louis XVI in which they stated that if the furniture was removed , it would certainly precipitate economic ruin on the city . A deputation from Versailles met with the king on 12 October after which Louis XVI , touched by the sentiments of the residents of Versailles , rescinded the order . | who forced the king and the royal family to abandon versailles and return to paris | the Women 's March on Versailles |
Black Panther premiered in Los Angeles on January 29 , 2018 , and was released theatrically in the United States on February 16 , 2018 , in 2D , 3D , IMAX and other premium large formats . The film received praise for its screenplay , direction , performances , action , costume design , production merits , and soundtrack , though the CGI effects received some criticism . Critics considered it one of the best films set in the MCU and noted its cultural significance . It has grossed over $1.2 billion worldwide , making it the highest - grossing film of 2018 , as well as the fifth highest - grossing film ever in the United States and 12th highest - grossing film of all time . Its four - day opening weekend gross of $242.1 million and its three - day gross of $202 million in the United States were the second and fifth highest of all time respectively , and the biggest debut by an African - American director . | when does the balck panther movie come out | February 16 , 2018 |
The evolution of birds is thought to have begun in the Jurassic Period , with the earliest birds derived from theropod dinosaurs . Birds are categorized as a biological class , Aves . The earliest known species in Aves is Archaeopteryx lithographica , from the Late Jurassic period . Modern phylogenetics place birds in the dinosaur clade Theropoda . According to the current consensus , Aves and Crocodilia are the sole living members of an unranked clade , the Archosauria . | which class is thought to have been descended from dinosaurs | birds |
The Amazing Adventures of Spider - Man is a motion - based 3D dark ride located at the Islands of Adventure , Orlando and Universal Studios Japan , Osaka theme parks . Built for Islands of Adventure 's opening in 1999 , the attraction is a hybrid ride combining special roving motion vehicles with 3D projection , elaborate physical sets , and both practical and tactile effects . | what type of ride is spiderman at universal | a motion - based 3D dark ride |
Anaphylaxis is a serious allergic reaction that is rapid in onset and may cause death . It typically causes more than one of the following : an itchy rash , throat or tongue swelling , shortness of breath , vomiting , lightheadedness , and low blood pressure . These symptoms typically come on over minutes to hours . | what are the symptoms of a systemic anaphylactic reaction | an itchy rash |
Lazer Team 2 Film poster Directed by Daniel Fabelo Matt Hullum Produced by Suzanne Weinert Doreen Copeland Burnie Burns Matt Hullum Screenplay by Burnie Burns Daniel Fabelo Matt Hullum Starring Burnie Burns Gavin Free Michael Jones Colton Dunn Nichole Bloom Allie DeBerry Music by Carl Thiel Cinematography Philip Roy Edited by Sarah Deuel Production company Rooster Teeth Distributed by Fullscreen Films Gunpowder & Sky YouTube Red Release date November 13 , 2017 ( 2017 - 11 - 13 ) ( United States ) Running time 86 minutes Country United States Language English Box office $19,996 | when does lazer team 2 come out on youtube red | November 13 , 2017 |
The names `` John Doe '' and `` Richard Roe , '' along with `` John Roe '' or `` Doo '' were regularly invoked in English legal instruments to satisfy technical requirements governing standing and jurisdiction , beginning perhaps as early as the reign of England 's King Edward III ( 1327 -- 1377 ) . | where does the saying john doe come from | English legal instruments to satisfy technical requirements governing standing and jurisdiction |
The duo is reassigned to a revived scheme from the 1980s , which specializes in infiltrating high schools . Captain Dickson ( Ice Cube ) assigns them to contain the spread of a synthetic drug called HFS at Sagan High School . He gives them new identities and enrolls them as students , giving them class schedules fitting their previous academic performances ; Jenko taking mostly arts and humanities , and Schmidt taking mostly science classes , but the duo mixes up their identities . Schmidt gets a lead on HFS from classmate Molly ( Brie Larson ) , and he and Jenko meet the school 's main dealer , popular student Eric ( Dave Franco ) . The two take HFS in front of him to maintain their cover . After experiencing the drug 's effects , the duo discovers that Schmidt 's intelligence now makes him popular , while Jenko 's lax attitude is frowned upon . | what was the drug on 21 jump street | HFS |
Rank Movie Year Director Studio ( s ) Worldwide gross Source 1 Pulimurugan 2016 Vysakh Mulakuppadam Films ₹ 152 crore ( US $24 million ) 2 Drishyam 2013 Jeethu Joseph Aashirvad Cinemas ₹ 75 crore ( US $12 million ) 3 Oppam 2016 Priyadarshan Aashirvad Cinemas ₹ 65 crore ( US $10 million ) 4 Premam 2015 Alphonse Puthren Anwar Rasheed Entertainments ₹ 60 crore ( US $9.4 million ) 5 Two Countries 2015 Shafi Rejaputhra Visual Media ₹ 55 crore ( US $8.6 million ) 6 Ennu Ninte Moideen 2015 R.S. Vimal Newton Movies ₹ 50 crore ( US $7.8 million ) Ezra 2017 Jay K AVA Productions , E4 Entertainment ₹ 50 crore ( US $7.8 million ) The Great Father 2017 Haneef Adeni August Cinema ₹ 50 crore ( US $7.8 million ) Munthirivallikal Thalirkkumbol 2017 Jibu Jacob Weekend Blockbusters ₹ 50 crore ( US $7.8 million ) 7 Bangalore Days 2014 Anjali Menon Anwar Rasheed Entertainments , Weekend Blockbusters ₹ 49.5 crore ( US $7.7 million ) | highest grossing malayalam movies of all time wiki | Pulimurugan |
Scar is a fictional character who appears in Walt Disney Pictures ' 32nd animated feature film The Lion King ( 1994 ) . The character is voiced by Jeremy Irons while his singing voice is provided by both Irons and Jim Cummings , the latter of whom was hired to replace Irons when the former damaged his singing voice . Subsequently , Scar makes minor appearances in The Lion King II : Simba 's Pride ( 1998 ) and The Lion King 11⁄2 ( 2004 ) , in both of which he is voiced entirely by Cummings , as well as appearing in the Broadway musical adaptation of the film , in which the role of Scar was originated by John Vickery . | actor who provided the voice for scar in the lion king | Jeremy Irons |
Coal India Limited ( CIL ) Type State - owned enterprise Public company Traded as BSE : 533278 NSE : COALINDIA BSE SENSEX Constituent CNX Nifty Constituent Industry Mining Founded Headquarters Kolkata , West Bengal , India Area served India Key people Anil Kumar Jha ( Chairman - cum - Managing Director ) Products Coal Revenue ₹ 83,736.21 crore ( US $12 billion ) ( 2017 ) Operating income ₹ 14,433.71 crore ( US $2.1 billion ) 7 ( 2017 ) Net income ₹ 9,267.74 crore ( US $1.3 billion ) ( 2017 ) Total assets ₹ 116,078.87 crore ( US $17 billion ) ( 2017 ) Owner Government of India ( 78.32 % ) Number of employees 310,016 ( 2017 ) Website www.coalindia.in | who is the chairman of coal india limited | Anil Kumar Jha |
De La Démocratie en Amérique ( French pronunciation : ( dəla demɔkʁasi ɑ̃n ‿ ameˈʁik ) ; published in two volumes , the first in 1835 and the second in 1840 ) is a classic French text by Alexis de Tocqueville . Its title translates as On Democracy in America , but English translations are usually simply entitled Democracy in America . In the book , Tocqueville examines the democratic revolution that he believed had been occurring over the previous several hundred years . | who extolled the equality of conditions in his book democracy in america | Alexis de Tocqueville |
Hugh Dillon as Sheriff Donnie Haskell | who plays the sheriff on the show yellowstone | Hugh Dillon |
Digestion is the breakdown of large insoluble food molecules into small water - soluble food molecules so that they can be absorbed into the watery blood plasma . In certain organisms , these smaller substances are absorbed through the small intestine into the blood stream . Digestion is a form of catabolism that is often divided into two processes based on how food is broken down : mechanical and chemical digestion . The term mechanical digestion refers to the physical breakdown of large pieces of food into smaller pieces which can subsequently be accessed by digestive enzymes . In chemical digestion , enzymes break down food into the small molecules the body can use . | an active protein enzyme in the stomach that begins the chemical digestion of protein is called | digestive enzymes |
Composers : Trevor Jones and Randy Edelman | who wrote the music for last of the mohicans | Trevor Jones |
David Albert Mazouz ( / dəˈviːd məˈzuːz / ; born February 19 , 2001 ) is an American film and television actor . He had several guest roles before joining Fox 's TV series Touch ( 2012 -- 13 ) , for which he was nominated for a Young Artist Award . Since 2014 he has portrayed a young Bruce Wayne in Fox 's Gotham , based on the DC Comics alter ego of the superhero Batman . | who is the actor that plays bruce wayne in gotham | David Albert Mazouz |
There is general agreement that the United States has a two - party system ; historically , there have been few instances in which third party candidates won an election . In the First Party System , only Alexander Hamilton 's Federalist Party and Thomas Jefferson 's Democratic - Republican Party were significant political parties . Toward the end of the First Party System , the Republicans dominated a one - party system ( primarily under the Presidency of James Monroe ) . Under the Second Party System , the Democratic - Republican Party split during the election of 1824 into Adams ' Men and Jackson 's Men . In 1828 , the modern Democratic Party formed in support of Andrew Jackson . The National Republicans were formed in support of John Quincy Adams . After the National Republicans collapsed , the Whig Party and the Free Soil Party quickly formed and collapsed . In 1854 , the modern Republican Party formed from a loose coalition of former Whigs , Free Soilers and other anti-slavery activists . Abraham Lincoln became the first Republican president in 1860 . | which term is used in us politics for a significant party outside the two dominant parties | third party |
The Upper East Side is a neighborhood in the borough of Manhattan in New York City , between Central Park / Fifth Avenue , 59th Street , the East River , and 96th Street . The area incorporates several smaller neighborhoods , including Lenox Hill , Carnegie Hill , and Yorkville . Once known as the Silk Stocking District , it is now one of the most affluent neighborhoods in New York City . | what is the upper east side of new york | a neighborhood in the borough of Manhattan in New York City , between Central Park / Fifth Avenue , 59th Street , the East River , and 96th Street |
The Declaration became official when Congress voted for it on July 4 ; signatures of the delegates were not needed to make it official . The handwritten copy of the Declaration of Independence that was signed by Congress is dated July 4 , 1776 . The signatures of fifty - six delegates are affixed ; however , the exact date when each person signed it has long been the subject of debate . Jefferson , Franklin , and Adams all wrote that the Declaration had been signed by Congress on July 4 . But in 1796 , signer Thomas McKean disputed that the Declaration had been signed on July 4 , pointing out that some signers were not then present , including several who were not even elected to Congress until after that date . | when was the declaration of i dependence signed | July 4 , 1776 |
Communist Party of Vietnam Đảng Cộng sản Việt Nam General Secretary Nguyễn Phú Trọng Founder Hồ Chí Minh Founded 3 February 1930 ; 88 years ago ( 1930 - 02 - 03 ) Merger of People 's Revolutionary Party of South Vietnam and Workers ' Party of North Vietnam Headquarters 1A , Hung Vuong Street , Ba Đình District , Hà Nội Newspaper Nhân Dân Youth wing Ho Chi Minh Communist Youth Union Armed Wing People 's Army of Vietnam Membership ( 2014 ) 4.480. 707 Ideology Communism Marxism -- Leninism Ho Chi Minh Thought Socialist - oriented market economy Vietnamese nationalism Political position Far - left National affiliation Vietnamese Fatherland Front International affiliation International Meeting of Communist and Workers ' Parties Colors Red Anthem Chào mừng Đảng Cộng sản Việt Nam National Assembly 475 / 500 Party flag Website en.dangcongsan.vn Politics of Vietnam Political parties Elections | who established the vietnamese communist party in 1930 | Hồ Chí Minh |
Between one - half and two - thirds of white immigrants to the American colonies between the 1630s and American Revolution had come under indentures . However , while almost half the European immigrants to the Thirteen Colonies were indentured servants , at any one time they were outnumbered by workers who had never been indentured , or whose indenture had expired , and thus free wage labor was the more prevalent for Europeans in the colonies . Indentured people were numerically important mostly in the region from Virginia north to New Jersey . Other colonies saw far fewer of them . The total number of European immigrants to all 13 colonies before 1775 was about 500,000 ; of these 55,000 were involuntary prisoners . Of the 450,000 or so European arrivals who came voluntarily , Tomlins estimates that 48 % were indentured . About 75 % of these were under the age of 25 . The age of adulthood for men was 24 years ( not 21 ) ; those over 24 generally came on contracts lasting about 3 years . Regarding the children who came , Gary Nash reports that `` many of the servants were actually nephews , nieces , cousins and children of friends of emigrating Englishmen , who paid their passage in return for their labor once in America . '' | which group was most common as workers in the american colonies | workers who had never been indentured , or whose indenture had expired , and thus free wage labor was the more prevalent for Europeans in the colonies |
Battle of Kings Mountain Part of the American Revolutionary War Engraving depicting the death of Patrick Ferguson , from a painting by Alonzo Chappel Date October 7 , 1780 Location Kings Mountain , South Carolina Result Patriot victory Belligerents Patriot militia Loyalist militia Commanders and leaders William Campbell James Johnston John Sevier Frederick Hambright Joseph McDowell Benjamin Cleveland James Williams † Isaac Shelby Joseph Winston William Chronicle † Patrick Ferguson † Abraham DePeyster Strength 900 1,105 Casualties and losses 28 killed 62 wounded 290 killed 163 wounded 668 captured Southern theater 1780 -- 83 Charleston Moncks Corner Lenud 's Ferry Waxhaws Mobley 's Meeting House Ramsour 's Mill Huck 's Defeat Colson 's Mill Rocky Mount Hanging Rock Camden Fishing Creek Musgrove Mill Wahab 's Plantation Black Mingo Charlotte Kings Mountain Shallow Ford Fishdam Ford Blackstock 's Farm Richmond Cowpens Cowan 's Ford Torrence 's Tavern Pyle 's Massacre Wetzell 's Mill Guilford Court House Fort Watson Hobkirk 's Hill Fort Motte Augusta Ninety - Six House in the Horseshoe Eutaw Springs Lindley 's Mill Videau 's Bridge Wambaw Combahee River James Island Chesapeake Bay | when did the battle of king's mountain take place | October 7 , 1780 |
Everton Football Club have a long and detailed history . The club 's roots loosely lie with a Methodist New Connexion congregation who had a chapel on the corner of Breckfield Road North and St. Domingo Vale in Everton , Liverpool . Initially formed as St. Domingo FC , named after the location of the chapel , the football team was renamed Everton in 1878 after the district of Everton . Since then Everton have had a successful history winning the Cup Winners ' Cup , the league title nine times and the FA Cup five times . They are the only club to have played over 100 seasons in the top flight of English football , the 2014 -- 15 season being their 112th . | how many times has everton won the fa cup | five |
The Generall Historie of Virginia , New - England , and the Summer Isles is a book written by Captain John Smith , first published in 1624 . The book is one of the earliest , if not the earliest , histories of the territory administered by the Virginia Company of London . | the general historie of virginia new england and the summer isles | a book written by Captain John Smith |