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Sefaria 23

You Who opens Your hand to [accept] repentance, to receive transgressors and sinners: our soul is terrified from our great sorrow— forget us not forever; arise and deliver us, for we trust in You. Our Father, our King, if we are without righteousness and good deeds, remember for us the covenant of our fathers and our testimony each day [that] Adonoy is One. Look at our afflictions, for our sufferings and the miseries of our hearts are many. Adonoy, spare us in the land of our captivity. Do not pour out Your wrath upon us, for we are Your people, the children of Your covenant. Almighty, look! Our glory has sunk low among the nations, and they abominate us like the impurity of the nidah. 27 Nidah is menstrual uncleanliness. See Leviticus 12:2. How long will Your strength be in captivity and Your glory in the hand of the foe? 28 This prayer is a paraphrase of Psalms 78:61. We read concerning the Ark of the Covenant, which had fallen into the hands of the Philistines, "And delivered His strength into captivity and His glory into the hand of the foe." Arouse Your might and Your zeal upon Your enemies, that they be put to shame and be broken form their might. Let our sufferings not seem trivial to You. May Your mercy come swiftly toward us on the day of our distress. And if not for our sake, do it for Your sake; and do not obliterate the remembrance of our remnant; and be gracious to the people who proclaim the unity of Your Name twice very day in constant love: Hear Israel, Adonoy is our God, Adonoy is One.

David said to Gad, "I am in great distress. Let us fall into the hands of Adonoy, for His compassion is great; and let me not fall into the hands of men."

Merciful and Gracious One, I have sinned before You; Adonoy, full of mercy, have compassion upon me and accept my supplications: Adonoy, do not punish me in anger, do not chastise me in fury. Have mercy on me, Adonoy, for I languish; heal me, Adonoy, for my bones shake with terror. My whole being is stricken with terror, while You, Adonoy —O, how long! Adonoy, turn! Rescue me! Deliver me as befits Your faithfulness. For there is no praise of You among the dead; in Sheol, who can acclaim You? I am weary with groaning; every night I drench my bed, I melt my couch in tears. My eyes are wasted by vexation, worn out because of all my foes. Away from me, all you evildoers, for Adonoy heeds the sound of my weeping. Adonoy heeds my plea, Adonoy accepts my prayer. All my enemies will be frustrated and stricken with terror; they will turn back in an instant, frustrated.

Adonoy, God of Israel, turn from Your fierce anger, and let Your mind be changed concerning the evil intended for Your people. 29 Exodus 32:12.

Look 30 The following prayers enable us to visualize the horrors of persecution that were so often the lot of the Jews in the dark ages and even more so in our days. from heaven and behold that we have become [an object] of scorn and derision among the nations; we are considered as the sheep led to the slaughter to be slain and destroyed, tortured and humiliated. And yet despite all this, 31 This refrain gives striking expression to the steadfastness of the Jew amid all his agony and martyrdom. The one concept which, more than anything else, protected Israel from the base impulse of vengefulness, is proclaimed in these last few petitions. They teach us that we must commit to none other than God all vengeance and retribution for the suffering we sustain at the hands of others. Sacred literature is replete with assurances of God's retribution for all that we have suffered at the hands of our foes. we have not forgotten Your Name; please, do not forget us.

Adonoy, God of Israel, turn from Your fierce anger, and let Your mind be changed concerning the evil intended for Your people.

Strangers say: there is no hope or expectation [for us.] Be gracious to the people who place their hope in Your Name. Pure One, bring our deliverance near; we are weary and no relief is granted us. May Your mercy suppress Your anger from us. We beseech You, turn from Your anger, and have compassion on the treasured people whom You have chosen.

Adonoy, God of Israel, turn from Your fierce anger, and let Your mind be changed concerning the evil intended for Your people. 29 Exodus 32:12.

Adonoy, in Your mercy, spare us, do not discard us in the hands of cruel foes. Why should the nations say: Where now is their God? 32 Psalms 115:2. For Your sake, deal kindly with us and do not delay. We beseech You, turn from Your anger, and have compassion on the treasured people whom You have chosen.

Adonoy, God of Israel, turn from Your fierce anger, and let Your mind be changed concerning the evil intended for Your people.

Hear our voice and be gracious, do not cast us off into the hands of our enemies to obliterate our name. Remember what You have sworn to our fathers: Like the stars of the heavens will I multiply your descendants, 33 Exodus 32:13. and now, we are left only a few out of many. And yet despite all this, we have not forgotten Your Name; please, do not forget us.

Adonoy, God of Israel, turn from Your fierce anger, and let Your mind be changed concerning the evil intended for Your people.

Help us, God of our deliverance for the sake of the glory of Your Name; save us and atone our sins for the sake of Your Name.

Adonoy, God of Israel, turn from Your fierce anger, and let Your mind be changed concerning the evil intended for Your people.

Guardian of Israel, guard the remnant of Israel, and let not Israel perish, who say, "Hear Israel."

Guardian of the unique nation, guard the remnant of the unique people, and let not the unique nation perish, who proclaim the Oneness of Your Name, [saying:] Adonoy is our God, Adonoy is One.

Guardian of the holy nation, guard the remnant of the holy people and let not the holy nation perish who repeat the threefold sanctification to the Holy One.

You Who are appeased by pleas for mercy, and conciliated by supplications, be appeased and conciliated to an afflicted generation, for there is none else to help. Our Father, our King! be gracious to us and answer us for we have no [good] deeds, deal with us charitably and kindly and deliver us.

As for us, we know not what to do; but our eyes are upon You. 34 II Chronicles 20:12. With this sentence. King Yehoshafat, concluded his prayer for Divine aid in his struggle against the hostile nations that were united against him. His prayer was answered. Each Jew in every generation must realize that he too has only one refuge for all time to come—God—to Whom we turn our eyes with trusting hope— S.R. Hirsch Remember Your mercies, Adonoy, and kindnesses for they are from the beginning of the world. 35 Psalms 25:26. Adonoy! may Your kindness be upon us, as we have waited for You. 36 Psalms 33:22. Remember not the sins of our ancestors; 37 Others translate, "Remember not our [own] former iniquities." let Your mercy come swiftly toward us, 38 Psalms 79:8. for we have been brought very low. Be gracious to us, Adonoy, be gracious to us for we are saturated with humiliation. 39 Psalms 123:3. [Even] in anger remember to have compassion. 40 Habakkuk 3:2. For He knows of what we are made; He is mindful that we are but dust. 41 Psalms 103:14. Help us, God of our deliverance, for the sake of the glory of Your Name; save us and atone our sins, 42 May we repent so that our sins will be atoned. for the sake of Your Name. 43 Psalms 79:9.

The Chazzan recites the Half Kaddish

Exalted and sanctified 1 These opening words refer to the fulfillment of God's prophecy, through Ezekiel (38:23) "And I will thus exalt Myself and sanctify Myself; and I will be known in the eyes of the many nations, and they will know that I am Adonoy."— Levush, Siddur HaGra . One should be very careful to emphasize the letter gimel (ג) when saying the word "Yisgadal (יִתְגַּדַּל)," in order that it not be heard as "Yis k adal (יִתְקַּדַל)," from the word קְדָל which means neck.— Mishnah Berurah 56:2 be His great Name

in the world which He created according to His will and may He rule His kingdom. 2 May His sovereignty be revealed. In your lifetime and in your days, and in the lifetime of the entire House of Israel, speedily and in the near future 3 We pray that the redemption will come speedily and that the process of the redemption itself will not be prolonged.— Siddur HaGra — and say Amein.

May His great Name be blessed forever and for all eternity.

Blessed and praised, glorified, and exalted and uplifted, honored and elevated and extolled 5 The ten expressions of praise in the Kaddish refer to the ten utterances by which God created the world. (See Maseches Avos 5:1.) be the Name of the Holy One, blessed is He;

above ( Ten Days of Penitence: far above) all the blessings and hymns, 6 May God be praised and exalted far beyond all the blessings, hymns and praises that are uttered.— Mishnah Berurah in the name of the Vilna Gaon 56:14. praises and consolations 7 Consolations are uttered because God is in mourning over the destruction of the Holy Temple and the exile of His people. which we utter in the world—and say Amein.

On days when the Torah is not read continue with Ashrei.

The following paragraph is said on Mondays and Thursdays except on Rosh Chodesh, the eve of Pesach, Tishah b'Av, Chanukah, the 14th and 15th Adar and Adar Sheni (Purim and Purim Katan), the eve of Yom Kippur, and it is also omitted in the house of a mourner. This prayer is recited while standing, as it includes a form of viduy ( confession ) which must be said while standing. On Mondays and Thursdays, as we are about to open the Ark to take out the Seifer Torah for public reading, we realize that we have transgressed much that is written in the Torah and are unworthy even to take it into our hands. Aware of our inadequacy and unworthiness, we utter the words, "Almighty who is slow to anger etc....", appealing to Him for forgiveness.

Almighty who is slow to anger and of great kindness and truth, do not rebuke us in Your anger. Adonoy, spare Your people 1 This verse from Joel (2:17) was inserted here by the sages of Italy as an abbreviated form of Tachanun to be recited by latecomers to the synagogue, instead of the entire " Vehu Rachum ", so that they could pay attention to the reading of the Torah. and deliver us from all evil. We have sinned against You, Master, forgive us, please, in keeping with Your abundant mercy, Almighty.

Moses and the Elders with him ordained that the Torah be read in public on Shabbos, Monday and Thursday mornings. The Talmud (Maseches Baba Kama 82), notes that Ezra later instituted that three men should be called up to read a total of at least ten verses from the Torah. He also enacted that the Torah be read at the Shabbos Mincha (afternoon) service. When the Torah is removed from the Ark, great care is taken to honor it. It is escorted by as many people as possible from the moment it is taken out of the Ark until it is placed on the reading table. We embrace and kiss the Torah during the procession and refrain from idle chatter. While the Torah is being read, you must be silent and listen to each word.

When the Holy Ark is opened, the following is said:

Whenever the Ark traveled, Moses would say: "Rise, Adonoy and let Your enemies be scattered, and those who hate You, flee before You." For from Zion will go forth the Torah, and the word of Adonoy from Jerusalem. Blessed is He Who gave the Torah to His people Israel in His holiness.

The following prayer is taken from the Zohar ( Parshas Vayakhail ), the basic text of Kabbalah which was written by the Mishnaic sage Rabbi Shimon bar Yochai. The Zohar states, "When the Torah is taken out to be read before the congregation, the heavenly gates of mercy are opened, and the Divine love is aroused; therefore one should say the following prayer.

Blessed is the Name of the Master of the universe. Blessed is Your crown and Your place. May Your good will [be] with Your people Israel forever. Show Your people the redemption of Your right hand in Your Holy Temple. Bestow on us Your excellent light, and accept our prayer with compassion. May it be Your will to prolong our lives in well-being. Let me be counted among the righteous, so that You will have compassion on me and protect me and all that is mine, and all that belongs to Your people, Israel. You are He Who nourishes all and maintains all; You are He Who rules over all; You are He Who rules over kings, and the kingdom is Yours. I am a servant of the Holy One, blessed is He, I bow before Him and before the honor of His Torah at all times. Not in man do I put my trust, nor do I rely on any angel; but only in the God of heaven, Who is the true God, Whose Torah is truth, Whose prophets are true, and Who performs many deeds of goodness and truth. In Him I put my trust and to His honored, holy Name I utter praises. May it be Your will to open my heart to Torah, and to fulfill the desires of my heart, and of the heart of Your people Israel, for goodness, for life, and for peace.

The Chazzan says:

Declare the greatness of Adonoy, with me. and let us exalt His Name together.

The Congregation responds: Yours, Adonoy, is the greatness, the might, the glory, the victory, and the beauty, for everything in heaven and on earth [is Yours]; Yours, Adonoy, is the kingdom, and You are uplifted over all rulers. Exalt Adonoy, our God, and prostrate yourselves at His footstool, Holy is He. Exalt Adonoy, Our God, and prostrate yourselves at His holy mountain for Adonoy, our God, is holy.

May the Father of mercy have compassion on the people borne 2 See Exodus 19:4, "You have seen what I did to the Egyptians, and how I carried you on eagles' wings." See Isaiah 46:3, "Israel which are borne by Me from the belly, which are carried by Me from the womb." by Him, and may He remember the covenant with the patriarchs; may He rescue our souls from evil times; and may He rebuke the evil impulse from those who have been carried 3 See Exodus 19:4, "You have seen what I did to the Egyptians, and how I carried you on eagles' wings." See Isaiah 46:3, "Israel which are borne by Me from the belly, which are carried by Me from the womb." by Him; and may He graciously grant us eternal survival; and fulfill our requests in beneficent measure, [for] deliverance and compassion.

When the Torah is unrolled, the Reader says:

May His sovereignty be revealed and visible to us, soon; and may He be gracious to our remnant and the remnant of His people, the House of Israel [granting them] favor, kindness, compassion and goodwill. And let us say Amein. Let all ascribe greatness to our God, and give honor to the Torah. Let the Kohein come forward. Arise, ______ son of _____, the Kohein, Blessed is He Who gave the Torah to His people, Israel, in His holiness.

The Congregation responds:

And you who cling to Adonoy, Your God, are all alive today.

The Kohein * The following blessings are recited by every person called to the Torah. walks up to the Torah and says:

Blessed Adonoy, who is blessed.

The Congregation responds and the Kohein repeats:

Blessed is Adonoy, Who is blessed, forever and ever.

The Kohein says:

Blessed are You, Adonoy our God, King of the Universe, Who chose us from among all the peoples and gave us His Torah. Blessed are You, Adonoy, Giver of the Torah.

After the Torah is read, the Kohein says:

Blessed are You, Adonoy our God, King of the Universe Who gave us the Torah of truth, and implanted eternal life within us. Blessed are You, Adonoy, Giver of the Torah.

Rav says, (Maseches Berachos 54) that four are obligated to offer thanks: persons who have safely completed a sea or land journey, or who have recovered from a serious illness, or have been released from captivity. One who is obligated to recite the blessing of thanksgiving should do so at the Torah-scroll after the blessing that follows the Torah reading. It is proper not to delay the recital of the blessing for more than three days.

Blessed are You, Adonoy our God, King of the Universe, Who bestows goodness upon the guilty, Who has bestowed every goodness upon me.

The congregation responds: He Who has bestowed goodness upon you, may He bestow every goodness upon you, forever.

The following blessing is said by the father of a Bar Mitzvah, after the lad has been called to the Torah and has recited the blessing following the reading:

Blessed (are You) who has released me from the punishment 1 The father is liable for the sins of his children only until they have been taught and trained to perform and observe the mitzvos. Once they have reached this level, even though they are not yet thirteen years of age, the father is no longer responsible for their sins. Why then is this Beracha recited at the time of Bar Mitzvah? The Dover Meisharim , cites sources stating that on the contrary, children sometimes perish because of their fathers' sins. The fathers, in turn, are punished for causing the untimely deaths of their young children. Thus when they reach thirteen and are no longer liable for their fathers' sins, the fathers too are released from the punishment they could have received for causing their children to perish. The Beracha is therefore recited at the Bar Mitzvah when the son becomes fully independent of his father. of this [boy].

Exalted and sanctified 1 These opening words refer to the fulfillment of God's prophecy, through Ezekiel (38:23) "And I will thus exalt Myself and sanctify Myself; and I will be known in the eyes of the many nations, and they will know that I am Adonoy."— Levush, Siddur HaGra . One should be very careful to emphasize the letter gimel (ג) when saying the word "Yisgadal (יִתְגַּדַּל)," in order that it not be heard as "Yis k adal (יִתְקַּדַל)," from the word קְדָל which means neck.— Mishnah Berurah 56:2 be His great Name

in the world which He created according to His will and may He rule His kingdom. 2 May His sovereignty be revealed. In your lifetime and in your days, and in the lifetime of the entire House of Israel, speedily and in the near future 3 We pray that the redemption will come speedily and that the process of the redemption itself will not be prolonged.— Siddur HaGra — and say Amein.

May His great Name be blessed forever and for all eternity.

Blessed and praised, glorified, and exalted and uplifted, honored and elevated and extolled 5 The ten expressions of praise in the Kaddish refer to the ten utterances by which God created the world. (See Maseches Avos 5:1.) be the Name of the Holy One, blessed is He;

above ( Ten Days of Penitence: far above) all the blessings and hymns, 6 May God be praised and exalted far beyond all the blessings, hymns and praises that are uttered.— Mishnah Berurah in the name of the Vilna Gaon 56:14. praises and consolations 7 Consolations are uttered because God is in mourning over the destruction of the Holy Temple and the exile of His people. which we utter in the world—and say Amein.

When the reading of the Torah is concluded, the Half Kaddish is recited by the Reader. The Torah is then raised so that the congregation can see the script, and the congregation exclaims:

This is the Torah which Moses placed before the children of Israel at Adonoy's command by the hand of Moses.

It is a tree of life to those who grasp to it, and those who support it are fortunate. Its ways are ways of pleasantness, and all its paths are peace. Long life is at its right, at its left, riches and honor. Adonoy desired, for the sake of His righteousness, to make the Torah great and to glorify it.

On those Mondays and Thursdays when Tachanun is said, before returning the Torah to the Ark, the Chazzan recites:

May it be the will of our Father in heaven to establish the House of our lives 2 The Holy Temple. and restore His Divine Presence to our midst, speedily in our days, and let us say Amein.

May it be the will of our Father in heaven to have compassion upon us and upon our remnant, and to keep destruction and plague from us, and from all His people, the House of Israel; and let us say Amein.

May it be the will of our Father in heaven to preserve among us the sages of Israel, them, their wives, their sons and their daughters, their disciples, and the disciples of their disciples, wherever they live; and let us say Amein.

May it be the will of our Father in heaven that we may hear and receive good tidings [of] deliverance and consolation; may He gather our dispersed from the four corners of the earth; and let us say Amein.

[As for] our brethren, the entire House of Israel who [still] remain in distress and captivity, whether on sea or on land, may God have compassion on them, and bring them from distress to relief, from darkness to light, from servitude to redemption, at this moment, speedily, very soon; and let us say Amein.

On Mondays, Thursdays and other days when the Torah is read, as the Sefer Torah is returned to the Ark the Chazzan takes the Torah and says:

They will praise the Name of Adonoy for His Name alone is exalted.

Chazzan and congregation: His majesty is over the earth and the skies. He will raise the might of His people, [which is] praise for all His pious ones, for the children of Israel, the people near to Him. Praise God.

A psalm of David: the earth is Adonoy's and the fullness thereof, 1 Rabbi Judah says in the name of Rabbi Akiva, "On the first day of the week, the Levites sang psalm 24, The earth is Adonoy's and the fullness thereof, because on that day God took possession of His newly created world for Himself, in order to give possession to mankind. Yet He remained the sole Master of the world."— Maseches Rosh Hashana 31a the inhabited world and those who dwell in it. For He founded it upon the seas, and established it upon rivers. Who may ascend the mountain 2 Ibn Ezra says that "mountain" refers to Mount Moriah, the location of the Temple. David composed this psalm on the day he purchased the Temple site from Aravna the Jebusite. of Adonoy, and who may stand in the place of His holiness? The clean of hands and the pure of heart, who has not borne My soul in vain, and has not sworn deceitfully. 3 He whose piety is genuine and who will not use the Name of God to deceive others.— S.R. Hirsch He will bear Adonoy's blessing 4 This person can expect that God will give him whatever will best serve his genuine welfare.— S.R. Hirsch and righteousness from the God of his deliverance. This is the generation of those who seek Him, the seekers of Your Presence, [God of] Jacob, 5 "Jacob" refers to all of Israel, the true descendants of the patriarch Jacob.— Radak Selah. Lift up your heads, gates, and be uplifted [you] entranceways to eternity, so that the King of Glory may enter. Who is this King of Glory? Adonoy, strong and mighty; Adonoy, the Mighty One in battle. Lift up your heads, gates, and lift, entranceways to eternity, so that the King of Glory may enter. Who is He, this King of Glory? Adonoy of hosts, He is the King of Glory, Selah.

And when it 34 The Ark. rested, he 35 Moses. would say: Return, Adonoy, to the myriads and thousands of Israel. 36 Numbers 10:36. Arise, Adonoy unto Your resting place, You and the Ark of Your strength. Let Your priests clothe themselves in righteousness, and let Your devoted ones sing in joy. For the sake of David, Your servant, do not reject Your anointed. 37 Psalms 132:8-10. For I have given you good instruction, do not forsake My Torah. 38 Proverbs 4:2. It is a tree of life to those who grasp it, and those who support it are fortunate. 39 Proverbs 3:18. Its ways are ways of pleasantness and all its paths are peace. 40 Proverbs 3:17. Cause us to return to you, Adonoy, and we shall return; renew our days as of old. 41 Lamentations 5:21.

Fortunate are those who dwell in Your house; may they continue to praise You, Selah. Fortunate is the people whose lot is thus; Fortunate is the people for whom Adonoy is their God. A praise by David! I will exalt You, my God, the King, and bless Your Name forever and ever. Every day I will bless You and extol Your Name forever and ever. Adonoy is great and highly extolled, and His greatness is unfathomable. One generation to another will praise Your works and Your mighty acts they will declare. The splendor of Your glorious majesty, and the words of Your wonders I will speak. Of Your awesome might, they will speak, and Your greatness I will recount. Mention of Your bountifulness they will express, and in Your righteousness joyfully exult. Adonoy is gracious and compassionate, slow to anger and great in kindliness. Adonoy is good to all, His mercy encompasses all His works. All Your works will thank You, Adonoy, and Your pious ones will bless You. Of the honor of Your kingship, they will speak and Your might they will declare. To reveal to men His mighty acts, and the glorious splendor of His kingship. Your kingship is the kingship for all times, and Your dominion is in every generation. Adonoy supports all the fallen, and straightens all the bent. The eyes of all look expectantly to You, and You give them their food at its proper time. You open Your hand and satisfy the desire of every living being. Adonoy is just in all His ways, and benevolent in all His deeds. Adonoy is near to all who call upon Him, to all who call upon Him in truth. The will of those who fear Him He fulfills; He hears their cry and delivers them. Adonoy watches over all those who love Him, and will destroy all the wicked. Praise of Adonoy, my mouth will declare, and all flesh will bless His holy Name forever and ever. And we will bless God from now on forever. Praise God.

According to Rabbi S.R. Hirsch, this psalm is addressed to David by the people of Israel. It is a testimonial of trust that the people have in the Divinely-appointed king, who is accustomed to victory and triumph. At the same time, it proclaims the eternal truth that the victories which our king wins for our people are to be attributed not to his bravery, nor to his sword, nor to his soldiers, but solely to his relationship with God, His Sanctuary, and His Law.

To Him Who grants victory, a Psalm of David May Adonoy answer you on the day of distress; May the Name of Jacob's 1 Jacob's entire life was filled with trials and distress, and he has thus become the symbol for his descendants throughout their periods of exile and distress.— Radak; S.R. Hirsch God fortify you. May He send your help from the Sanctuary, 2 May God help you because of your dedication to the Sanctuary. David's entire being was consecrated to God's Sanctuary.— S.R. Hirsch and support you from Zion. May He remember all your meal-offerings, and accept your burnt sacrifices 3 Rashi maintains that "offerings" and "sacrifices" refer to David's prayers rather than to his real-offerings. , Selah. May He grant you what your heart desires, and fulfill all your plans. We will sing at Your deliverance, and in the Name of our God, raise our banners; May Adonoy fulfill all your wishes. Now I know that Adonoy has delivered His anointed one, He will answer him from His holy heavens with the mighty deliverance of His right hand. Some [rely] upon chariots and some upon horses, but as for us, upon the Name of Adonoy, our God, we call. They have bowed down and fallen, but we have risen and stand firm. Adonoy, deliver [us], the King will answer us on the day we call.

This portion, known as Kedushas d'Sidra, was introduced at the conclusion of the morning service to accomodate those who came to the synagogue too late to hear the Kedushah in Shemoneh Esrei. The Talmud (Maseches Sotah 49a) declares that the world is preserved solely by virtue of this Kedushah, and by the virtue of our answering, "May His great Name," which is part of the Kaddish recited following the study of the Aggadah. Because of its importance, a vernacular translation in Aramaic was added, so that even those ignorant of Hebrew would understand the sacred words.

The Redeemer shall come to Zion and to those of Jacob who repent from sin, says Adonoy. As for Me, this is My covenant with them, said Adonoy: My spirit which is upon you, and My words which I have put in your mouth shall not depart from your mouth, nor from the mouth of your children, nor from the mouth of your children's children, said Adonoy— from now to eternity.

And You, Holy One, are enthroned upon the praises of Israel. 4 God waits to hear the praises of Israel before He listens to the praises of the angels.— Etz Yosef God waits until the very last congregation of Jews has completed its prayers and then accepts the prayers of all Israel at one time.— Avudraham And [the angels] call one to another and say: Holy, holy, holy is Adonoy of Hosts: 5 According to the Targum interpretation, the thrice "holy" in the Kedushah does not indicate three ascending degrees of sanctification. Instead, it implies a declaration that He Who is holy in the loftiest regions of His heavenly abode is holy not only there but also on earth, the creation of His Almighty power; and that He was not only holy in the past, but that He is holy even now and will be holy throughout all the ages.— S.R. Hirsch the fullness of all the earth is His glory." 6 Isaiah 6:3

And they receive [sanction] one from another, and say, Holy in the highest heights of heaven, the abode of His Divine Presence; holy upon earth, the work of His mighty power; holy forever and to all eternity— is Adonoy of hosts; the whole earth is filled with the radiance of His glory.

And a wind lifted me; and I heard behind me the sound of a great rushing; Blessed is the glory of Adonoy from His place. 7 Ezekiel 3:12. 8 See note 00 on Page 00.

And a wind lifted me and I heard behind me a sound of a great rushing of those who uttered praises and said, ‘Blessed is the glory of Adonoy from the place, the abode of His Divine Presence.

Adonoy will reign forever and ever. 9 Exodus 15:18.

Adonoy, His kingdom is established forever and to all eternity.

Adonoy, God of Abraham, Isaac, and Israel, our fathers, keep this forever as the intention of the hearts of Your people, and direct their hearts to You. 10 I Chronicles 29:18. 11 May our recitation of the Kedushah inspire our thoughts and direct our hearts to serve You.— Avudraham And He, the merciful One, atones iniquity and does not destroy; He frequently withdraws His anger and does not arouse all His rage. 12 Psalms 78:38. For You, my Master, are good and forgiving, and abounding in kindness to all who call upon You. 13 Psalms 86:5. Your righteousness is everlasting and Your Torah is truth. 14 Psalms 119:142. You will grant truth to Jacob, kindliness to Abraham, 15 The patriarchs symbolize the three pillars of the universe— Torah, avodah,— the Temple service and gemilas chasadim— kindliness. Jacob epitomized Torah, which is the ultimate truth; Isaac personified Divine service in his readiness to be offered as a sacrifice to God; and Abraham exemplified the ideal and practice of kindliness throughout his life. We thus pray to be granted a share in the Divine truth of Torah in Jacob's merit, and to receive God's kindliness in Abraham's merit. as You have sworn to our fathers from the days of old. 16 Micah 7:20. Blessed is my Master day by day; He loads us [with blessings], 17 Etz Yosef interprets the verse in this manner: "Blessed is Adonoy who loads us each day with His blessings and goodness." the Almighty Who is our deliverance, forever. 18 Psalms 68:20. Adonoy of Hosts is with us a stronghold for us is the God of Jacob, Selah. 19 Psalms 46:8. Adonoy of Hosts, fortunate is the man who trusts in You. 20 Psalms 84:13. Adonoy, deliver [us]; the King will answer us on the day we call. 21 Psalms 20:10.

Blessed is He, our God, Who created us for His glory, 22 This phrase is based on Isaiah 43:7, "Everything that is called by My Name, I have created it for My glory." and set us apart from those who go astray; 23 This prayer is based on Joshua 24:2-3, "Your fathers dwelt on the other side of the river—and they served other gods. And I took your father Abraham from the other side of the river." See Genesis 20:13 as interpreted by Onkelos. and gave us the Torah of truth, and eternal life He implanted within us. May He open our heart to His Torah, and instill in our heart love and awe of Him, to do His will and serve Him with a perfect heart, so that we shall not labor in vain nor bring forth that which causes dismay. 24 Some women are barren; they cannot bear children at all. Others have children who are unable to live. Similarly, there arc those who study Torah only to criticize and ridicule what they learn, while others learn sincerely but later rebel against its teachings. Those who study to ridicule are comparable to the barren women who are unable to give birth. But those who later rebel are like those who bear children and bury them. We pray to God to instill His love and fear in our hearts so that our learning will bear fruit and have a lasting influence on our lives.— Siddur HaGra

May it be Your will, Adonoy, our God, and God of our fathers, that we keep Your statutes in this world, and [thus] be privileged to live and behold, and to inherit the goodness and blessing of the Messianic days, and in the life of the World to Come. In order that my soul sing to You and not be stilled; Adonoy, my God, forever will I thank You. 25 Psalms 30:13. Blessed is the man who trusts in Adonoy, 26 God alone is the source of his trust; he relies on none other than God. One who puts his trust in God, while also relying upon a great many other factors, which he considers essential supports of his life and happiness, is not truly trusting in God.— S.R. Hirsch so that Adonoy is his security. 27 Jeremiah 17:7. Trust in Adonoy until the end of days, for in God, Adonoy, is the strength of the worlds. 28 Isaiah 26:4. And they will trust in You— those who know 29 These are men of the highest caliber who perceive God's ways with undistorted clarity. They discern God's hand guiding the world in its constant, miraculous operation and they know with certainty that all is directed by God.— Malbim your Name, for You have never forsaken those who seek You, Adonoy. 30 Psalms 9:11. Adonoy desired, for the sake of His righteousness, to make the Torah great and to glorify it. 31 Isaiah 42:21.

Exalted and sanctified 1 These opening words refer to the fulfillment of God's prophecy, through Ezekiel (38:23) "And I will thus exalt Myself and sanctify Myself; and I will be known in the eyes of the many nations, and they will know that I am Adonoy."— Levush, Siddur HaGra . One should be very careful to emphasize the letter gimel (ג) when saying the word "Yisgadal (יִתְגַּדַּל)," in order that it not be heard as "Yis k adal (יִתְקַּדַל)," from the word קְדָל which means neck.— Mishnah Berurah 56:2 be His great Name

in the world which He created according to His will and may He rule His kingdom. 2 May His sovereignty be revealed. In your lifetime and in your days, and in the lifetime of the entire House of Israel, speedily and in the near future 3 We pray that the redemption will come speedily and that the process of the redemption itself will not be prolonged.— Siddur HaGra — and say Amein.

May His great Name be blessed forever and for all eternity.

Blessed and praised, glorified, and exalted and uplifted, honored and elevated and extolled 5 The ten expressions of praise in the Kaddish refer to the ten utterances by which God created the world. (See Maseches Avos 5:1.) be the Name of the Holy One, blessed is He;

above ( Ten Days of Penitence: far above) all the blessings and hymns, 6 May God be praised and exalted far beyond all the blessings, hymns and praises that are uttered.— Mishnah Berurah in the name of the Vilna Gaon 56:14. praises and consolations 7 Consolations are uttered because God is in mourning over the destruction of the Holy Temple and the exile of His people. which we utter in the world—and say Amein.

May there be acceptance of the prayers and supplications of the entire House of Israel before their Father in heaven. And say, Amein.

May there be abundant peace from heaven and life for us and for all Israel, —and say Amein.

He Who makes peace ( Ten Days of Penitence: the peace) in His high heavens may He, make peace for us and for all Israel, and say, Amen.

It is our obligation to praise the Master of all, to ascribe greatness to the Creator of the [world in the] beginning: that He has not made us like the nations of the lands, and has not positioned us like the families of the earth; that He has not assigned our portion like theirs, nor our lot like that of all their multitudes. For they prostrate themselves to vanity and nothingness, and pray to a god that cannot deliver. But we bow, prostrate ourselves, and offer thanks before the Supreme King of Kings, the Holy One blessed is He, Who spreads the heavens, and establishes the earth, and the seat of His glory is in heaven above, and the abode of His invincible might is in the loftiest heights. He is our God, there is nothing else. Our King is true, all else is insignificant, as it is written in His Torah: And You shall know this day and take into Your heart that Adonoy is God in the heavens above and upon the earth below; there is nothing else. 1 Deuteronomy 4:39.

We therefore put our hope in You, Adonoy our God, to soon behold the glory of Your might in banishing idolatry from the earth, and the false gods will be utterly exterminated to perfect the world as the kingdom of Shadai. 2 See page 00, note 00. And all mankind will invoke Your Name, to turn back to You, all the wicked of the earth. They will realize and know, all the inhabitants of the world, that to You, every knee must bend, every tongue must swear [allegiance to You]. Before You, Adonoy, our God, they will bow and prostrate themselves, and to the glory of Your Name give honor. And they will all accept [upon themselves] the yoke of Your kingdom, and You will reign over them, soon, forever and ever. For the kingdom is Yours, and to all eternity You will reign in glory, as it is written in Your Torah: Adonoy will reign forever and ever. 3 Exodus 15:18. And it is said: And Adonoy will be King over the whole earth; on that day Adonoy will be One and His Name One. 4 Zecharyah 14:9.

Exalted and sanctified 1 These opening words refer to the fulfillment of God's prophecy, through Ezekiel (38:23) "And I will thus exalt Myself and sanctify Myself; and I will be known in the eyes of the many nations, and they will know that I am Adonoy."— Levush, Siddur HaGra . One should be very careful to emphasize the letter gimel (ג) when saying the word "Yisgadal (יִתְגַּדַּל)," in order that it not be heard as "Yis k adal (יִתְקַּדַל)," from the word קְדָל which means neck.— Mishnah Berurah 56:2 be His great Name

in the world which He created according to His will and may He rule His kingdom. 2 May His sovereignty be revealed. In your lifetime and in your days, and in the lifetime of the entire House of Israel, speedily and in the near future 3 We pray that the redemption will come speedily and that the process of the redemption itself will not be prolonged.— Siddur HaGra — and say Amein.

May His great Name be blessed forever and for all eternity. 4 This phrase, the heart of the Kaddish, is found almost verbatim in Daniel 2:20.